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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Ja:
INDEX TO ENGRAVINGS IN VOL. XCIII.
FROM JULY 7 TO DECEMBER 29, 1888.
Feovtishki'K.
A ITolping Hand Oft. O'
Ac:t» Two Otean*, iJ, 140,300,333,
890
Yard, Wollalon Falk, Nott-
Th0 *■*"* 0f
AlumiSm W.X., OWbo,p, near
Birmingham- 195 , .
Ambulance- Dr. 111 >omon*tra tion for
Coal-Miners in Beamish Park,
Durham. 407
Antiquary, A Day with an. 380
Antiquities of 11nodes _
-Armada. The.” at Drury-lanc
Theatre, 33G
A Alexander. Sir J. W.. 638
Ban-lav. Sir D. W., 698
Berkeley. Earl, 298
Chapman, Sir B. f MS
l)ev ju, Earl. Gil
Farrington. Sir H. A., 41t
Hardv. Sir John, 61
Hartwell, Sir B..7S7
Hoivoake-0nodrieko. Sir G., £34
Licon, Sir E., 319
Lucan. Earl. 57$
Maraud Kellie, Earl, 382
Mount-Temple, I^onl. 482
Newborough, L-*nl, 5W1
\.»rleys Sir C. Jeph-wu. 63
Farce. Sir W., 787
Portman, Vise *uut, 611
Rise. Sir J.. 270
Howlr-v. Sir (’. R-. 339
Saekville, Lord, 414
Sen ton, Lord. 474
Stirliuff, Sir W. G.. 721
Sutlieriund, Dueled, 698
Waller. Sir E. A.. 638
Willoughby D'Kresby, Baroness,
611
Ascension Island: British Naval
Station in the South A Hunt i •
' *eenn. Em lit Illustrations, 292
iv Mission Skelelua, 711
Exhibition, 3Ul, 3U3. 314-315.
361. .164
rerouse Ta j Monument at Botany
Bin . 4ol
Studies l*avk, Melbourne, 423
Audio-Hungarian Military Man¬
oeuvres at Belovar, 365
Bake-House in a Cornish Village. 144
Baldwin (I*rofessorl at the Alex¬
andra Palace, 374
Italian true and its Neighbourhood,
Ball Mining by Professor Baldwin at
the Alexandra Palace. 371
Bananas i Collection and Carriage
in, Jaiian, 3*4
of i:
Bandai-Sa...
lh»nIf Ilote], Canadian Paciric Bail-
way. 613
Hot Springs and Sanatorium, 614
Ilarhadoes, Sketches in, 309
Bim-dOut, 741
Bath, from near the Abbey Ceme¬
tery, 257
Ablx-y Church, 260
lhvcl.cn Hill, From, 257
llroad-striet, 262
Camden-r-n-sivnt, 261
Cinim, The, 261
Colonnade, 2*3 >
Gmnd Ihnnji-BiKim. 260
Pulteney Bridge. 261
Homan Baths. 264
Theatre Koval, 258
Bandin'* Tomb, Paris, 674
B: ik, Before the, 61
Beatrice ^ (Princess) Launching
Boohuanuland, British Commissioner
Holding a Court of Inquiry on
the Croolile Hiver, 513
B.dfonl New park Opening and
Biver Carnival, 84
Before the Beak, 64
B Igiaii Painters, Ten Portraits, 65
Boa-haven, Bantry Bay, 156
B.r 1 h on the Barw Rock, 397
Bwthdny Congratulation*. 193
Bla k-Buck Shootiug in India, 468
Black Mountain Expedition—
Advanced Post of Northumberland
Fusiliers, 509
Incidental Sketches, 610
Kotkui Village, Captured by the
29th Punjaub Infantry, 609
Maidan Stronghold, Destroyed by
• the Fourth Column, 609
Manaki I)anu, 5f7
Northumberland Fusilien and
Sikhs (Charge of) Down the
I.undha Spur, 647
Black Mountain Expedition
(r nllHurA )~•
Officers’ Mess, Gimp at Alclmnd
Baba, in a Snowstorm, 701
Prisoner in the Fort of Oghi. 747
Black Mountain (The), Looking
West from Bagrwan, 481
Bloodhounds Tried by Sir Cli.irlee
Warren in Hyde Park. 452
Blue I .ion Debating Club, 416, 497
Blnnderboro’s Castle, 250
Blythhtv w>d House. Renfrew, 229
Grounds, Views in the, 246, 217
Queen’s (The- Visit to, 214
Borneo. Sketches in. 430
Boston Bur, on the Fiurer River. 647
Both well Castle, on the Clyde, 221
Jtoulogne-sur-Mer, 141
Bow River Valley, from Banff,
B axing* Performance at Her Ma¬
jesty’s Theatre, 7:19
Brandon. Manitoba, 561, 562
Braunfels Schloss, 157
Bremen and Hamburg Sketches, 512
Brighton iTo) and Bmk in Eight
Hours by the ’ Old Time-”
Coach : (Fussing CuekSkld
Park, 61
Bryant and May’s Match Manu¬
factories, 121
Bulgarian Tea-ant Woman, 436-431
Bull-Fighting in Spain, 3H-3I5. 31K
" • - ••■--jp., Changing
Burniah : Bril
Quarter
Maymyo, Sc
s. 513
in, 679
Them
e. :ew
Chelm
519
ord. Municipal Incorpji
Burl >ier
Biirdcleben 1
Bayliss i
Bremner
Dclti
Fniser
Taylor
Thorold
Weiss v.
Wood v.
Chess Problems—
Abbott, 319
Am pa, 231, 690
Barbier, 35
Biddle, 754
Black 1 id ge, 110
Campbell, 17
Desanges, 494
•. Mackenzie. 43,3
. i’olloek, 319
. F. A., 1W
. Mac kenzie, 231
. Weiss, 401
. Bell. 35
. Egger, 786
. Michael, 658
. P.. 186
. Trowbridge. 531
-. Ticnnox, 531
. Amateur, 317, 619
. Wool left, HO
. Fnlklvcer. 231
\ Bany. 5! jo
. Kennedy, 0)8
. Lee, 20.3
. Mortimer, 289
’. Owen, 494
. Cheshire. 113
. Campbell, 722
. I .on i an, 79
. Downey. 110
. Burn, 401
. Gunsltcig, ‘289
-. Couldrey, 35
. Pilleau, 143
’. Bird. 167
•. Fedden, 17
Boomc, 619
. Bnrund. 17
•. E. F., 347
K E. S. t 319
. Weiss. 373
. Bardeleben, 263
. Briggs, 754
Calendars—
Augu t. 99
Beeeinb r, 630
November, 480
October, 372
' •plember. 218
.—, at the F .
...ountaius, 501
Canadian Pacific Railway. 500, 501,
502, 576, 613, 011,057, 6$7, 68$,
729,721
Canadian Shoelmrj ness : Meeting
of Artiileiy Association ill
Orleans island, near Quebec,
483 !
C’anoc ‘Ancient British) Found at
“ Capt iin swift.” at the Haymarket I
Cliess Problems (cent/«««/) —
Healey. 019
Hi athcote, 79. 433
llexewuid, 590
Hey w ood, 186
Laws, 167, 401, 786
Motlie, 317
Newman. 373
Piei-ce, 143, 531, 058
lYideaux, 263
Rowland, 460
Taylor, 558
Wood. 289, 722
Christchurch Cathedral, New Zea¬
land, 322
Christmas Greetings at Fea, 773
Christinas is Coining. 740
Church (New Engl.slit at Bellagio,
(Like of Como, 70
Chureh of the Holy Redeemer,
Clerkenw ell, 511
City of London Court, The New, GS3
Clarissc, <>37
Clevedon Court, Somersetshire, C89
Close Ruce, A, 165
Clyde (Tlif.) and Cart .Tuncthn, at
the Foot of Blythsw<>od Park,
210
Near its Source, 222
Xeuv Kilpatrick, 256
Couching Days and Coaching Ways,
748
Coaching to Brighton and Back, 01
Coaling a Steamer at Kingston, !
Coblmm Hall” 489 to 495
Coliseum at Rome U imiioatellfn
Honour of the visit of the
German Kniptror, 510 „
C<;lon. the Atlantic Terminus of tMl ■
1’anailia Ship Ctoal, 77 •
Coloured 1‘ietmes—
Discretion is the Better Part of
Valour. Oct. 13
Helping Hand, A, Oct. 6 'Fronlb-
Theic < ’s < M«nv a Slip Between the
Cup and the 1 ip. Nov. 17
Congo, Sketches on the, 309. 393,424
Copeland, Wreck of the. l:»l
Cora Linn, Falls of the Clyde, near
Fiiint-heartod Readers. .135
Faith and Freedom For). Story by
WalUr Besant. 11, :**, 09.97,
133, 101, is;i, 217. 249, 281,311,
311, 371, :HK», 427, 457, 485.521,
5V, r*O t 017, 019, 081, 713.715,
First Visit to the Flock. 621
Fish Su'c at l ii'pciTO. Cornwall. 121
Fit/william (Earl , Silver Statuette,
Fitzwilliam Hunt Tlie. : Picture
Presented to Karl Fitzwilliam
on lii.s Golden Wrilding, 291
Floods in Essex, 199
North It ily, 3T4
Flower-Market. Marseilles, 750
Football : Maori Team v. Surrey
Club,417
Foreigners i Registration of) in
Paris, 455
Forth Bridge, Queens'erry (Progress
of , 704
Fox-Hunt Te-timonial to Sir B.
Ctumid, 587
Fiaser Canyon, British Columbia,
at Pol.
Imndinv at Port Victoria, 612
Fulham Public Library, :82
Future RlucjncketM: Seine on
Board the Tr.iiuing - Ship
fw Mercury, l:u>-lo7
Carpet Market. (’airo. 488 I
Car mil (Mount:. East Side, British
Columbia'720
Cart The and Clyde Junction, at
the Foot of lilvthswood Park,
210 ' |
Caskets— i
Glasgow Corporation Address to |
the Queen, 213
Hadiugs Freedom for Lord I
Brassey, 459
Nottingham Silver Wedding
Present to tin; Trinee and i
Prim ess of Wales, 75
raider ( oriHrtuliou Address 11 the |
Queen, 213 1
Ronfivvv Corporation Address to
the Queen, 243 I
Cats, Professor Fredericks’ Per- •
forming, 73’5
Cuttle-Show at Birmingham, 7(V»
Cavalry Going Out on a Reconnais- I
sanec. at Souakim. 705 I
Chiirleoinb Clmreh, near Buth, 25!)
(’hatsworth House, 519
Che.- Tor. Miller’s Dale, on the Wye,
l i for the Bishop ol'MuUclic:
Discietion is the Better Pait of
Valour,Timed Picfuie. Oct. 13
Dog-I’ancying and I)og-I’a(n iiig,
Dog-Show »t Birminglmni, 7o5
Kennel Club. :»2. 51
Doll-Slmw'. ” Truth,” 771
Donald Sin Mount and Glacier,
Bnti-h Columbia. 720
Ponkev and I’onv Show at the
People's Palace, Whitechapel,
12 i
Dove Dale f
Dumbai tm
Dm ham Ci
College e
, 519
Dutch Tour, My Little, 275
Killing Jubilee Memorial Hall, 715
Opening bv I lie Prince ami Prin¬
cess of‘Wales, 7;t5
Early Morning - Venice, 181
Out. ads Sl.vping in Sheds, 421
Erlillw'siniii" 'Siu'b' fur the) at
EiliscmN I'hoiiofriaph CmhI in tlie
]>ifss U.illny .1,iriiu Handel
Festival at the Crystal Palace,
Receiving a Message from America,
Speaking Through, in America, 81
Elephant Inoculation, 130
Elephants Baggage) Arriving m
Camp in i'piwr Biirmah- 513
Frightened
t Munich Festival,
El Wed j, or
o» , UJ , VM .st of Arabia, 277
Emin Pasha Relief Expedition, 309,
393,421 _ .
Empe.nn, Meeting: nrview »t
Krasmin Solo, near bt. Petci»-
burg, 125
Empire, In the Time of the, 521
English Homes—
Cobham Hall, 48!) to 495
Scrivelsbv Court, 101 to 105, 108
Wentworth Woodhouse, 283 to
JJ 8 S, 2*10
Entoniancni, Zululand, View from
British Camp, 158
Exchanging Compliments: A
Merrj- Christmus to \ ou, < 49
Gambettii Mon
ament i
>el. I ai
.The
the Pluee
and the
German Kmp
F.mp.*ror of Austria Hunting
at Mur/steg, 145
Naples ; Visit to. : Launch of the
Re ITiiberto. 479, 510
Reichstag, Opening the, July 7
Rome, Visit to, 145, 179, 480, 516
Gho t Germ. 713
Ularier (The Great), British
Columbia. 720
Glasgow Exhibition —
Ba>s Drum and Shako used at the
Batt’.e of Wateilo), 229
Bi-hop’s Castle. 2 >5
Relies in the 1 'astle, 252
Cu
et-Weii
Henley Regatta. At, 14-15
Hereditni y S]H»rtsincn: Three Gcner-
nt i>ns, 052-053
Hermit Mountain Range, British
Coluiiibin, 720
Hero. Tv. in-Niew Battle-Ship, 465
His First Visit to the Flock, 621
Home Travel: A Scene in North
Devon, 296
nop-Pi. kcrs, Sketches among the,
40)
Hospital I.ife: Sketches at the
London Hospital, 72-73
Hot Springs and Sanitarium at
Bunif, Canada, 014
Hunting Incident with the Ward
Union Hounds, 583
Sketch: Three Generations, 652-
Husband - Beater, The: How to
Cam- It, 4
Hyde Park-comer Improvements,
and New Statue of Welling¬
ton, 769
Park on .Sunday, Sept. 15
HyOres, 737
Ice-Palace at St. (Paul, Minnesota,
240
Indian Alt Pottery, 747
Indus Valley, Hazara,
Mountain in the Di t
Indwandwa Camp. Zulidaii
In the Time of the Empire,
Irish Exhibition Fancy Fai
Italian Kvbibttion 8kct. be,
Italy The •
Ge
Km j s i
va) in Ro:
ral Avenue, looking West,
Ci-.Mn-Ilc-Making.227
Cl oil tub, Vi. Vis in. >21, 229
Indian s.-eti„n. 253
WiKd-Cain-is at Work, 251
Main An nie-. 221
F.nttun e fi.im the Giotinds. 220
Model of 71-gim Fligate. made of
Bone by a F»vi»«*h Prisoner of
Queen’s 'Hie Visit to. 211.215
Rrli.s llisloriral- in the Bishop’s
Cas||.», 2Vi
Rum Still. Copper, 227
Traiisvcive Avenue, from Snndy-
View fiom Fnder Cent nil Dome,
Glasgow in the Time of Charles II.,
Bishop’s Castle, as it Appeared
About a Hundred Years Ago,
Queen’s ;The) Visit to, 214, 215,
200
View about 1760, 222
■Watt’s (James House. 223
Glastonbury, Sketches at. 304, 349,
Gold Mines of Merionethshire, 196
Gordon (General j. Statue ut Aber¬
deen, 21
Gouray, Jersey f Recollections of), 408
Govan, on the Clyde, with the Mouth
of the Kelvin, as it was in
1812, 232
Government House, St. Helena, 620
Grandruumma's Portrait. 7S1
Great Eastern’s The laist Voyage:
Passing Now Brighton. 270
Grouse Moors, Under the, 278
Guaidafui (Cape), East Coast of
Africa, 70S
Gymnasium of the Polytechnic
Christian Institute, 591 to 593
H
Hair-Dressing Exhibition at the
Pavilion, Brighton, 703
Hamburg and Bremen Sketches, 612
Hampstead-Heath Extension, 629
“Hands Across the Sea.” at the
Princess's Theatre, 008
Hawaii Entertainment t«» British and
American Naval Officers, 498
Scenes in, 076
Headeom, Kent. *:0l
Helping Hand (A), Coloured Picture,
Get. 0
James II. Tzs
the ’
ig Whitehall with
ml. 520
Jamestown, 8t. lid 1 .....
Japan. Coiea, and Russian Tartan*,
Co.ists of, 047
Judgei Seized in a Beer
Wuppitic, 523
Jeffeii.
'•oiler
s of, 408
Melbourne Exhibiti< n Uontinifd)—
Lix-h Sir lL. H.> declaring the Ex-
‘ )pen iu the Queen's
4-315
. e Britis.
Portraits of Some Officials,
Procession of Governors of Au*-
tialia up the Gruud Avenue of
Nations, 301
Rca»l ngthe Qm*cn’sTelcgram,301
United Stab s Court, Entrance, :504
Mell>ourne 8k<-tclie.«, 784, 785
Memorial Chapel to the late Sir W.
Given Laiivou and his Wife,
St. Jude’K.'Soulhsea, 70
Memorials in Carlisle Cathedral to
the 31th Regiment, 335
Mercury (The. Tniiuing-ship: Seme
ou Board. 136-137
Mem- Christmas to You, 749
Mimge A < on the Steppes of Central
Asia, 672
Mona>tciy of Holy Trinity, Kala-
baka,384
“Monk’s Room, Tlie,” Scene from,
at the Globe Theatre, Ms
Montreux DisnsUr, 570
Montrose Manorial in St. Giles’s
| Cliureh, Edinburgh, 540
1 Moor, Mountain, and Loch, 219
Morgan (Mount) Gold-Mines,North
I Wales, 196
Morocco —
I Army of the Sultan Marching
| Through the Pass of Mlouia,
I Hi nting in, 015
1 Itisom-rs i.\ Chain of) from a
Rebel Trilic. 4182-10.3
j Sultan’s Court ut Mequincz, .VgU
> Return ti Moquinez fiom bis
Pilgrimage to Muley Edris,
4<)u-461
Morton I.ecture at the Royal College
Mount Stephen, Summit of the
Ilurkv Mountains, 613
MusseJ-Gatheivr.s, 109
Naples Illuminated in Honour of
the Visit of tlie Geimuu
Emperor, 516
Napoleon’s Villa at Elba, :«9
National Defem-es, Uur, 375
Naval Mano-nvres—
•juadi-ivn at roTtland, under
Kennel Club Dog-Show. 52. 54
Kew Garden* New- Refreshment
Pavilion. 331
Key (Gold: of Municipal Buildings,
Glasgow, 213
Kingston, Jamaica (On the Way to
L
Tjidy Artists at the Tjouvre, 531
Lansduwne Tower and Rockford's
Tomb, near Bath. 25 •
Launch of the Ri 1 Umberto at
Naples, 479
Iz'cds Fine-Art Gallery, 187
Libre
■. l'n
. . . Sketches, 575
’s Palace, Mile-End. 310
wine Point, lsl-of Wight,
Listening to the Waves, toil
Liveipool Art Congress: the Ad-
SpitalHelds,
. _• of Buttle off the mouth
of the Thames. 213
Berehaien. Buntrv Pay, 156
Blockade of Beivlmveii : Rockets
Signal from Indiore 8«ju.-idion
to the Admiral Outside, 159
Elect l ie Light Trying the on the
Pu*Ntuc from Portland to
Baiitiy Bay, 121
Fiivt Divi-ion (Thej Rounding the
n>v
215
r the
Lodging - Hi
London. Bits of < ild -
Temple, The. ikV», ithn
London to the Riviera and Italy:
Views on the Line to Brindisi,
by Mont Cents and the
Corniehe, 716-717
IiOrd Mayor of London at Brussels,
450
Lough Swilly, Donegal, 212
Love Tales, 684-685
M
Mnghzen at Mequinez: Court of the
Sultan of Morocco, 556-557
Maharajah of Tikumgurh and a
Tiger killed by him, 131
Malay Religious Ceremony: the
Kalifa, 187
“Mamma” (Scene from) at the
Court Th< atre, 451
Mandolinata, I a, 588-589
Maori College (Te Ante), New Zea¬
land, 3.32
Football Team: First Match at
Richmond, 417
Sack Mountain, N.W. Frontier of
India, 422
Sikkim Frontier of Thibet. 391
Marble Palace at Potsdam, 25
Market On the Way to), Kingston,
Jamaica, 140
Meeting-IIouse (Old) at Lambeth,
w here John Bunvan Preached,
317
Pulpit, 317
Melbourne Exhibition—
Entrance, Showing the German
Trophy. 361
German Court, Entrance, 364
Gump*.- of the Eneinv. l.V
Shot l-iii d at the Hu
l og, A : Firing Signal
Hercules iIL.M.S. 1
Rlorkiuw- of B rehavin, 212
Invincible and llcivules (H.M.S.
Engaging the North Fort, on
the Mer* y, lhl
Iris (The: and the Severn En¬
gaging a Blockadin *
ide Be
Look-Out (On the
Northumberland, 2lf»
I.ough Swilly. Donegal, 212
1I.M.S
Rigging Gut Torpido Defences,
Rupert (H.M.S.) Defending the
Eastern Entrance to Ik-re-
huven, 177
Sending Down TopmasU, 89
Signalling Methods of / in Use in
the Fleet, 128
Torpedo-Boat No. 76 Discharging
a Whitehead Torpedo at
H.M.S. Hercules, 213
No. 78 Attacking 1I.M.S. Active,
214
Torpodo-Ilonts Two', Captured off
Black Ball Head, 156
Waiting Orders, 153
Try on’s (Admiral) Squadron off
* Crosby Light, after the Cap¬
ture of Liverpool. 212
Newark Castle, Port Glasgow, 22.3
Newcastle. Jamaica, from the Mor¬
ton D* Or say Bridle-rath, 333
Newgate lTison, 774,776
New Year Welcomed, 780
Nipissing Lake, Ontario, 560
Noble’s Hospital (IVtm-utation of).
Isle of Man, 332 _
Nottingham, Distant ^ iew, 5
( astle Gateway, 8
Guildhall, Old, 8
Kirke White’s Birthplace, 7
Ixmton Boulevard, 8
Market-Place, 9
Park, The. 6
IV.
Nottingham (cr.ntin» r d —
Promenade (The) from Trent
Bridge, 8
St. Mary’s ('hureh, 7
St. Peter’s Church, 7
Show-Yard of the Royal Agri¬
cultural Socioty, Wollaton
Park,6
Townhall, New. 9
Trent The at Wilford, 8
University (New) College, 7
O
O’Donnell v. the“Times”: Sketches
in Court, 3
Oglii TApproach to' from Abbot-
iibad, Hazara, 418
Olivia, (>77
Our Nutional Defences, 375
Parnell Commission at the Royal
Courts of Justice, 329, Nov. 3,
511. 513, 579, 5SO. (505, (112, (513,
INDEX TO ENGRAVINGS IN VOL. XCIII.
(511, 7»
. 73S
Partridge-Shooting in Norfolk, 073
Pears’ '.Messrs.; Business Offices,
(521. (525
Feninsular, P. and O. Steam t, 719
People’s Palace. Mile - End, New
Library, 310
Technical Schools. 123
Petorhof, Gulf of Finland, f-2
Petroleum Explosion at < ’alais : the
Wrecked Vessel, 481
Pettiniem, La, Kin
Phonograph i F.lisunV Used in the
Press Gallery during Ilandel
Festival at the Crjstal Pula.e,
Receiving Message from America,
Plague of Crickets in Algiria, 13 )
Polemos, the new War Game, 517
Police at the East-End, With the,
3V2
Polytechnic Young Men’s Christian
Institute. 5.J1 t» 5 3
Tony and Donkey Show at the
1’e »ple’s Palace, Whitechapel,
Pope Centenary, Commemoration at
Twickenham, 10s, 170
Portraits —
Afsur Jung. Nawab Major, 770
Aitehison, Mr. G., 707
Astley, Sir J., 739
Huggallay, The late Right Hon.
Sir R.. (511
Baldwin, Professor, 374
Barttelot, The late Major E. M., 308
Beley, The late ( apt. <’. II. H., 422
Bercsford (Lord Charles) Shaking
in the House of Commons, 733
Billing. The Right Rev. It. C., 32
Blount, Sir E., 32
Huger, Rev. Canon, 91
Bonaparte, Princess Ix*titia, 270
Bruekcleer, II. De. (55
Brazil, Em]>eror of. 310
Bromliead, Colonel Sir B., 515
Burg >n, The late Yeiy Rev.J. W.,
191
Portraits {foutimu 'l -
Chappell, The late Mr. W., 278
( lays, I*. J., (>5
(.’luvscnaar. A., (55
Cook, Mr. «.. :m
Crane, Mr. W., 707
Crookshank, Colonel A. C., 4«7
1)’Aosta, Duke. 270
Devon. Tire late Karl of, 039
Drake, Sir Francis, 49
Elizabeth, Queen, 41
Fit/.william, Countess, 283
Fit/william, Earl, 2X3
Frederick, Empress of Germany,012
Frobisher, Major M., 94
Frobisher, Sir Martin, 49
Fulton (Sergeant , Winner of the
Queen’s 1’rize at Wimbledon,
110
Furbank, Mr. A. J.. 308
(iladstone, Mr. Herbert, 3
Oosso, The late Mr. P. II., 279
Grace. Dr. W. G., Sept. 8
Graham (Brigadier-! ieneral; and
Officers of the Sikkim Expedi¬
tion, 545
Graham, Colonel T., 422
(Jray, Mr. Alderman and Sheriff,500
1 laggard, Mr. II. Rider, 7<U
Harrison (General , President-
Elect of the United Stales, 573
Hassard, Sir J., 103
Hawkins, Sir John, 47
Hnytliomc, Tlie late Gen. Sir E., 545
Hill. Dr. Alexander. 2L
Hull, The late Mr. Frank, 14(5
Holt, The l Ue H«>n.T.,: 44
Howard 'Lord of Effingham, 47
Javnc The Right Rev. F.), Bishop
’ of Chester, 391
Johnson, Mr. G. It., 303
Kwhvibir Nugar Koti, Subahdnr,
Ijmg'.iton, Professor J. K., 91
1 .avuter, Mr. G. T. A., 303
1/eigliton, Sir F., 707
I/ vy, The late Mr. J. M , 481
Lindsay, The late Mr. V. S., 141
Loeh, Sir H. B., 3.32
Iyomiue, Sir L , 94
Lucan. The late Earl of, 570
Lucy, Mr., 3
MaeHain, Sir J.. 303
MVonniek, l4oputy-In>pector-
General, 94
Mar and Kellie, The late Earl, 3*53
Monro, Mr. J., 072
Morgan, Sir M., 570
Mount-Teinple, The late Lord, 481
Natalie, Queen of Servia, 57
Newton, Mr. Sheriff, 590
O’Donnell, Mr. F. H., 3
Onslow, Right Hon. the Earl of, COrt
Ooms, K., t>5
Paget, The late Lord Alfred. 279
Parnell, Mr. C. S., 3
Pedro II., Emperor of Brazil, 34<5
Peters, Dr. Carl, 481
Philip II., King of Spain, 41
Pigou, Very Rev. F., 008
l’ortaels, J. F., (55
Proctor, The late Mr. R. A., 3(13
Queen H.M. the; and her Grand¬
child, Prince Alexander Albert
of Battenlnug, 211
Rliind, The late Rev. (’., 144
Robilant, Count Di, 332
Uiicgg, Mr., 3
Suigood. Hon. Colonel F. T., 30.3
Selby, The late Mr. J.._7(5S
Portraits tiutfl) —
Simmon*. Tin* late Mr., 217
8«niter. The late Sir 1\, 151
Spain, The Infant King of, 2o9
Stubbs (The Right Rev. W.),
Bishop of Oxf ord, 191
Sumner, Right Rev. G. II. (In¬
correctly given as Right Rev.
A. Earle , (Jns
Rutherland.The late Duchess of, G72
Tadema, Mr. Alma, 7o7
Thomson, The lute Sir R., (’72
Toole (Mr. J. I. as the Don, 1
Tseng I Ady Blossom in her
Bribil-Diess, 211
Urmst.m, The late Capt. H. B., 21
Verhas. J., «5
Verlat, C., (55
Venvee, A., (55
Waring (Mr. H. J.', Mayor of
Plymouth, 94
Wauters, E., K5.
Whitelu ad (Mr. Alderman 1 ,1«ord
Mayor of Lmdon, 0(50
Whitmore, Mr. F , 3(W
Willems, F., (55
Wippell. Mr. P. H. P., 91
Wright. Mr. W. II. K.. 91
Potsdam Marble Palace, 25
Pottery, Indian Art, 747
Poultry ami Pigeon Show at the
Crystal Palace, (510
Poultry-Show at Birmingham, 7n»!
Precursor (The). Fiist St ainer of
the P. and (). Coinpuuv, 223
Prisoners A Chain of from a Rebel
n Mm
•, 102-9 3
Entering
Queen, II.M. the -
Glasgow (Visit
Buchanan - street from St.
Enoch-s |nave. 211
Campbell Sir A.' Reading Ad¬
dress in the Exhibition. 241
Clark Mrs. Stewart Presenting
a Bouquet at Blythswo<Hl, 2(5 J
Cor,> »vation Pros ntmg an Ad¬
dles* at the New Municipal
Buildings, 215
Industrial Ib i artment In the.
of tin Exhibition. 245
King Lilly: Presenting a
Bouquet at St. Enoch Station,
Lin.
1 Collision near Dijon, 308
1 Rope over the Kojuk Foss,
j towards Kandahar, 7S2
Rambling Sketches—
I Ballantme and Neighbourhood,
1(59
neadcom, Kent, 200
1 Richmond Park, .3.3
I Wittersham, Kent, 24
j Ramsgate and tin* Isle of Thane* as
1 a Winter Resort, (523
I Raven*eourt Park, Hammersmith.
j Regatta At tlm \ lot, U55
I Reichstag (The <)pwd by the
! Emperor William II.. July 7
Relies of Sir Francis I M ake and the
I Spanish Armiuhi. 41, 1*5
1 Revolution llous *. Whittington, (57
l Revolution of 1(5XS, 523 to 52 5
Richmond Park, ,374 1
Proposed Site for the Filing I
Points of the National Rifle
Association, 12.3 1
Rothesay ( astle, 25.3 1
Ruby. Cruise of ILM.S.,404
Russian Conscripts at the Kiev
Military Depot, 514
St. Dunstan’s College, Catford-
Bridge, 438
Sauce for the Goose, 519
Saving for the Wedding, 37
Si-hloss Braunfels, 157
Science Jottings —
Builders in the Sand, 594
Transformations. 37t5
Scottish River. A. 351
Kerivelsby Court, 101 to 105, 108
Sculpture—
Muz' ppu, Group by C. B. 1 /awes.
32
OiH iiing Buds, Group by < 5. liaise,
.3(5
Seaside Tdylls, 103
Sketches, 192
Selkirk Mountain Range, British
('olumbia, (557
Servian Election Scene. 740
“ She,” at tin* Gaiety Theatro, 318
Shell-Making at Wind with Arsenal,
3:57, 5138. 377. 378
Sheshouun, Morocco, 313
Ships -
Hero, II.M.S ,4(55
Peninsular, P. and O. Steamer. 719
Sikkim Skcthes -
( ane-Bridge over tlieTecsta River,
119
Heralds of the Monastery Calling
Hours of Prayer, 449
latum Head; of the Monastery at
Tumlmig, 44'*
Rajah’s Palace, Tumloug, 419
Sjkkim, The War in—
Chula I’a-s, with Mount Kinchin-
junga. ;58s)
(inatong Fort, 392
Graham Brigadier-General; and
Officers, 515
Jalapla Funs and Lake, .389
Tiiiln-tan Position, 7492
Martello Tow< r. HW
Pemhiringo 1 as*, 7492
Plan of the Sint of War, 3.1
Singt.11 Camp, 1(5(5
Stockade at (inatong, 545
Tiu^.-tviiis’ Attack 011 the Camp at
(inatong, 21
Yakla Pa** and Lake. .392
Silver Wedding Gifts to the rrin:e
aud Princes* of Wales -
C isket from the Town of Notting¬
ham, 75
Lamp and < igar-Cn.se from Officers
of the Household (’avalrv. 75
Model of the old (irey I Via is’
Tower, King's Lynn, 75
; Slaves. Captured East African, at
Aden. 577
Sleddall Victor
ic ( anadiati
721
,’eak, British
King of, on
, 11 to 19
to • xpa ii*h
Spanish Armada, The trsmtinunl) —
Armada (The) Coming up the
English channel, 4(5
Ark Royal The , Flag-Ship of the
English Fleet, 44
Under Lud Howard of Effing¬
ham, Engaging the Ship of
Don Alonzo da Izyva, 42-43
Chart Showing the Course of the
Armada, and the Several
Places of Action between the
Two Fleets. 45
Knighting the Victorious Captains
on Board the Ark Royal, 47
Lighting the Beacon*, 4(5
Memorial. Proposed j at Plymouth,
(»
Relic:
95
Retreat of the Armada, 49
Spaniiinl, A Tall, 44
Spaniards The , Dislodged by the
English Fire-Ships, 45
Tercentenary Festival at Ply¬
mouth, 113
Managers, Nine Portraits, 94
Spitalttelds Izxlging-House Sketches,
.350. 351
Stag Unharboured on Exmoor, 2753
Stationers’ Hall, The New, 27(5
Statues -
Drake Sir Francis) on the Hoe,
Plymouth, 7(5
Fitzwilliam (Earl) Silver Statu¬
ette, 405
Gordon (.ieneral) at Aberdeen, 21
Trafalgar-*qiiare, 483
Owen Sir Hugh; at Carnarvon,
511
Shaftesbury (Earl) in West-
minster AbWy, 483
Shakspcure, in Boulevard IIuuss-
inanu, Paris, 482
Waghoni Lieut, at C.Iiatham. 182
Wallace Sir AVilliam, at Abcr-
Stephen Mount) Fjist Side, Rocky
Mountains, (557
Sto< kport Technical School, 27(5
Stony ('reek Bridge, British
Hail.
Cavalry Going Out on a Recon¬
naissance, 7(55
Sudbury Junction to Algotna and
Gold Mines, IWO
Surrey (’Imja-l and School, Black-
friurs-road, 4742
Tea - Taster's Life and Work
China, 434
Technical Schools, People’s Pula
Mil- -End, 42:1
Tees New Breakwater, Opened by
■’ Right Hon. W. 11. Smith,
Temple Bar out of Town, 779
Temple, Sketches in the, (555. (553
Thanct a* a Winter Resort, (523
There’s Many a Slip betwien the
Cup and the Lip, Tinted
Victurv, Nov. 17
Thun, 530
Tilting at tlie Ring; A Moment of
Interest, 425
Torpedo - Making at Woolwich
Ars nal, 305. 7XW5
Touri*t 8* :ison : Se ttling the Day's
Walking Excursion, 32o
Tree (Self-Grafted) in the New
Forest, .331
Trout laike, Nipissing, Ontario,
5(50
“Truth ” Doll-Show, 771
Valais Women Showing their Grave¬
yard to a Friend, 555
Venice, Early Morning, 184
Voluutcer Entrenching Practice, 270
W
Wallace (Sir W. William; Statue at
Aberdeen, 25
War Game, Polemos, 517
Water-Lilies, 273
Watt’s James j House, Glasgow,
Wedj El), on the Const of Arabia,
Welcome the New Year, 780
Visitor, 7574
Wells Sir Spencer) Lecturing at
the Royal College of Surgeons,
(509
Welsh Fresbv ten an Chap<*l in
Shaftesbury-avenue, (53!)
Went worth Woodhouse, 283 to 288,
290
W) aling in the SU.lcnt, 381
Widowed and Fatherless, 453
William II. (Emperor) Opening the
Reichstag: The Speech from
the Throne, July 7
William III. Entering Exeter, 524-
525
Willoughby Memorial, lX-lhi, 27(5
Wittershum, Kent: A Deserted
Village. 24
Woolwich Arsenal -
Big Hammer Men. 377 , 378
Foundry Hand. .378
Shell-Making. 337, 74748, .377, 378
Torpedo-Making, .305,74* K5
Wreck of the Coi>eland, 191
518
CIUUSTMAS NUMHKK.
Christmas Anthem. The, 12
CoiiBeiemv Does Make (,'onar ls of
Us All, 21
Domestic Trouble, 29
Dumb Crambo, 4
Favoured and 1’loiited, 13
F<hm 1 for Reflection, 9
Gone A wav! 25
Paul Joiie-'s Alias, Tale by David
Christie Murmy, Illudrated
by A. Fores tier
Rosebuds, 1(5
Ruined ! 17
Tally Ho ! 25
Two Christina* Eves, 1
A-lIiinting We Will Go !
Daughter of Eve
TO THE
Fmnfisjiiwr: "A Holping Haiifl,” O-{. fi. 'il.r Twt.-papi' Fii"invinj!s aliould lie folded ill tla> oi-diiiaiT mmincv mid mounted on fnuirda or parted in at a little
distance from tlie fold of tl.e middle, so that they may be neither stitched through nor p-atheied in at tlie back when the volume is bound.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
Marriage gifts are not what they need to be ; they are much
better, and more valuable. The chief spectacle, next to the
bride, at the house where her marriage feast is held is, now,
the long tables tastefully set out with the nice little things
(and some pretty big ones) which have been given to her and
her beloved object. “ Know all men by these presents,” her
proud and pleased face seems to say, “ how much he is liked
by all who know him, and how Papa and Mamma arc liked,
and how some people have a rogard even for me! ” If I were a
bride whose engagement had been broken off, ono of the most
serious disagreeables of the position, to my mind, would be
the returning of them. I should prefer to keep them for nert,
time, which would save a great deal of inconvenience and
embarrassment, and would also make sure of them. The gifts
from the man himself, or those, at least, which were eloquent
of the affections—the faded flower, his poems and billets-doux,
and his much - too - complimentary photograph — would, of
course, have to be returned ; but I don't think I would insult
him by sending back valuable jewellery. He should hove the
“ keeper ” of his engaged ring (and welcome), but not the ring
itself, which it is only too probable the false creature would
put to tbe same use with some other young person. “Take
back the gift (price two shillings) ” was a song both the senti¬
ment and price of which were justly and severely commented
upon a quarter of a century ago. You should never take
back a gift; and, therefore, it is clear you should not afford
the giver the opportunity of doing so.
So thought a young lady in East London the other day,
whose discarded lover, nevertheless, took out a summons
against her in a police-court for the restitution of what he
still believed to be his property, because he had parted with it
(like the cynic's definition of gratitude) in the hope of favours
to come. If his love-gifts were not very valuable they had
been unusually various; comprehending tables, towels, three
sets of fire-irons, an athletic costume (unhappily not more
particularly described), nineteen pictures, and a lamp. This
was surely pretty well as to quantity : their rather peculiar
nature, as he explained, arose from the young woman's taking
a fancy to things she saw in shops (such as a fire-iron), when
she would say, “That’s very nice, I like it,” whereupon,
witnessed this ungallant Romeo, “ I bought it, and she kept
it.” Unlike the young person of Oldham, who “ when she got
presents she sold ’em, and when folks said ‘ How mean ! ’ she
replied‘All serene ’ and that’s about all that she told’em,”
this young lady did not sell her presents (very wisely, for
they never bring one half they cost) ; but simply, and so far as
they would go, furnished her house with them. Sentiment
having come to an end, she took a common-sense view of the
matter, and, though she may not have been exactly the girl, as
the phrase goes, “ for my money,” she proved hereelf to be the
girl for her sweetheart's, for the Magistrate decided in her
favour. Some things, indeed, were ordered to be given up,
but not the fire-irons ; and I have searched the report in vain
to find what became of that “ athletic costume.”
A dinner-party of the contributors to the Dictionary of
National Biography has just been held, I read, at tbe Star and
Garter. Notwithstanding the company was composed of
antiquaries and learned literary experts, the affair seems to
have gone off successfully and without bloodshed. But there
must have been serious apprehensions. With the exception of
your theologians, there is no clasB of men so combative, or who
are so prompt to deal with those in the same line of business
who disagree with them. A modern antique, in intaglios, is
effected by polishing tbe cameo with a wheel to which a
camel’s hair brush is fixed, which gives the appearance of that
mellow smoothness which is the result of time ; but modem
antiquarirx are not made that way. How I should have liked
to see them quenching their literary animosities in the
sparkling bowl, and even, pqrhaps, wishing one another long
life!—but I was not invited. The work they met to celebrate
was worthy of the compliment. Although repeatedly im¬
portuned by literary persons, from the beginning of the
century, to undertake this magnum opux, publishers have
fought shy of it: it waB not so easy to fill “ an obvious void in
literature ’ of such dimensions, and it was also very expensive.
Experience was not in its favour. The Biographiea
Britanniea. indeed, had been published, but the cream of its
information was in its foot-notes : the names, too, were few and
descanted npon at unwieldy length; but it was actually
finished—begun in 1747, concluded in 17(16—and in that
respect had the advantage of its successors. The cost (of pro¬
duction) was not sufficiently counted," and the profits were
discounted. In 1777, Dr. Kippis commenced a second edition
of the big, big B; but it stopped at the fifth folio volume,
at the beginning of F, sixteen years after its commence¬
ment. Its subscribers probably attached a peculiar signi¬
ficance to that initial. In 1842 the Society for the Dif¬
fusion of Useful Knowledge projected a still more ambitious
work—a “ Universal Biography." It stopped at the seventh
volume, still at the letter “ A.” In 1870 there was another
biographical fiasco. The first volume of the present dictionary
began in 1885. “ D ” is actually published, and “ E," “ F," and
“ G ” are in print. Mr. Leslie Stephen has hitherto accomplished
his herculean task at four times the speed of Dr. Kippis, and,
like General Grant, he means to go through with it. An idea
of the magnitude of his task may be formed from the fact that
the fifteen partB already issued contain matter enough to fill
forty octavo volumes : The work—which deserves its title of
“National” in more than one sense—will be finished in 1897,
in fifty volumes. ' . . . j
The late sale of theatrical costumes from the St. James’s
Theatre had more than a personal interest, and for other than
playgoers. ’The richness of the dresses and their association
with their wearers make the large sums they realised by no
means surprising ; but what is of more general interest is the
contrast which their appropriateness afforded to the stage
costumes of old. There was something of Rosalind in her
attire, even when its charming wearer was ■■ not in it," and
something of Orlando even when banging over the back of a
chair. In old times a great deal was left to the imagination
of the spectator in this matter. Dryden is very cynical upon
the lack and cheapness of the stage costumes in tbe Duke of
York's company of players
Tack but a copper lace to riniPKOt milt.
Aim! there V a hero made without rilr-putc.
And that which was a capon's toil Ik* fore,
Becomes a plume for Indian Kmperor.
But all his subjects, to express the enro
Of Imitation, go, like Imlinns, hare.”
It is a little difficult, even now, to reconcile the reciter in
evening-dress, with nothing to “ relieve ” it but a glass of
water, with the subject of his heroic declamation ; but with
what must even Garrick have had to contend, when he played
Macbeth “ with silk stockings, buckles at the foot and knee,
powdered wig, and small sword” I The economy of the stage
in the matter of' the tailor's bill, in those days, must fill a
modern manager's heart with envy. The identical coat in
which Garrick played Fribble, in “ Miss in Her Teens," in
1747, was used by Quick as Consol in “Cross Purposes,” in
1772. What adds to the strangeness of this thrifty proceeding,
the character in the one case was a fop of the highest fashion,
and in the other a grave and prudent citizen. Think of Mr.
Irving playing Jingle in the costume (a good deal “ let out ”)
worn by Charles Kean in “ Louis XI.” !
The verdict of the public upon the acting of the marionettes
in the Italian Exhibition seems to be, “They arc clever enough,
but one soon has enough of them." It docs not seem a very
severe one. One knows a good many people (not exactly
marionettes, but exceedingly like them), and in other callings
besides that of the drama, of whom tbe same may be said.
It is surely creditable to a thing of strings and wires that it
can amuse a grown-up person even for five minutes. Puppet-
plaving is an art which, like ballooning (though not, of course,
such a high art), does not progress much. In an account of
the marionettes of Italy, written by a traveller seventy
years ago, he passes the same criticism we hear to-day. He
mentions, however, two skeletons as ploying their part admir¬
ably. “They glided about, and accompanied their hollow¬
voiced speeches with excellent gesticulations, while tlieir
fleshlesB jaws moved quite naturally." The ballet, too, “ danceil
with the agility of Vestris, and ‘ cut ’ much higher than ever
he did in his life.” The airs and graces of the French ballet-
dancers were capitally quizzed; but what delighted the
audience most were the Dutchman who took snuff, and his
lady, brandy—out of a pocket pistol, between their leaps and
bounds. As a medium of satire—a Punch on wires—the
marionettes have still, perhaps, a future before them : though
I suppose if they acted in too lifelike a manner the Lord
Chamberlain would be down upon them.
M. Goliffe, a Swiss traveller in Italy at about the same date
as the preceding, gives an account of the Passion Play, as per¬
formed by marionettes in Naples much ns it iH done there to-day.
The overture was the famousduet of “ Tu ti lascio nmato bene.”
inCimarosa’s “ Matrimonio Segreto.' and it was repeated between
the acts. “ Whenever our Saviour was about to apjiear he was
announced by a solemn tune; Judas, on the contrary, was
heralded by a waltz or an allemandc. even when he came to
hang himself, and was strangled by a fiend.” There was the
Last Supper, and the washing of the Apostles' feet, and
St. Peter cutting off the soldier's ear—nothing, in short, was
omitted ; the audience took the deepest interest in the repre¬
sentation, and, so far from being struck by what to us would
seem its extreme irreverence, evidently beheld in it an auxiliary
to religion.
A legal question has just been settled ns to whether or no a
certain pew in a parish church was an appurtenance of a
country mansion—the decision was against its proprietor, and
is doubtless a matter of congratulation upon public grounds ;
but I confess I am. sorry for the loser. I know all that
can be said for open sittings, and agree with it; but
nothing is more agreeable to its tenants than a roomy old-
fashioned family-pew; it makes tbe same difference to the
worshipper that the possession of a private sitting-room makes
to the frequenter of hotels. I remember one in the vale of
Berkshire, which, as a boy, used to afford me infinite content.
It was very large and high, and had a fire-place in it, the
supplying of which with coals, so as not to disturb the
preacher, was a most delicate operation. I could only see him
by standing on the sent, and (what was of much more
consequence) he could not see me: I was what good Catholics
call “ in retreat,” and profited by the circumstance. The most
interesting account of a pew in fiction is probably to be found
in “ The Legend of Montrose.” Scott is not now read, I fear,
by boys ; but how I used to delight in that account of Dugald
Dalgctty's impatience under the Presbyterian preacher's
“ sixteeiithly” and” sevcnteenthly,” while he thought of the
noble Marquis bound and gagged in the dungeon below, and
whether his condition would be discovered before that
prodigious sermon was finished. Never. I suppose, even in
real life, was discourse listened to with such unappreciating
ears. _ __
Apropos of the statement that the Flying Scotsman on
Monday accomplished its accelerated journey between London
and Edinburgh in four minutes less than the promised eight-
and-a-half hours, the following stage-coach bill, published in
170G, will have some interest:—“ All that are desirous to pass
from London to York, or from York to London, or any other
place on that road, let them repair to the Black Swann in
Holboume. in London, and to the Black Swann in Coney-street,
in York : at both places they may be received in a stage-coach
every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, which performs the
U'hole journey, if God permit, in four days.” Each passenger
was allowed 14 lb. of luggage, “ and all above, threepence a
pound.” And yet there are people, at large, who want the
good old coaching days revived 1
THE COURT. ^
Her Majesty is in her usual excellent health. AccordinjdH
present arrangements the Court will remain at Windsor CiSmt
until about July 17, removing then to Osborne. After a
residence there of five weeks the Queen will proceed to Scotland
for three months. June 28 being the fiftieth anniversary of
her Majesty’s coronation, the event was celebrated throughout
the kingdom, more particularly in the townB which possets
Royal associations. There was a special commemorative
festival service in Westminster Abbey. The Prince and
Princess of Wales took leave of her Majesty and left the castle.
The King of the Belgians, attended by Count d’Oultremont,
visited her Majesty, and remained to luncheon. The Queen
held a Council on June 29. The Earl of Lytton and Sir
William White were introduced and sworn in members of
the Privy Council. After the Council General Mena, Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United
States of Mexico, was introduced to the Queen's presence and
presented his letter of recall. Viscount Cranbrook, the Earl
of Lytton. and the Right Hon. Sir William White had audiences
of her Majesty. On June 30 Princess Louise (Marchioness of
Lome) arrived at the castle from Cumberland Lodge. The
Bishop of ltipon had the honour of dining with her Majesty
and the Royal family. On Sunday morning, July 1, the Queen
and the Royal family went to Frogmorc and attended Divine
service at the Royal Mausoleum. Several members of the
Royal household were present. The Bishop of Ripon, assisted
by "the Dean of Windsor, officiated. Divine service was after¬
wards performed in the private chapel at the castle. The
Bishop of Ripon and the Dean of Windsor had the honour of
dining with her Majesty and the Royal family. On July 2 the
Duchess of Albany, with her children, arrived at Windsor from
Claremont on a visit to the Queen.
The Prince and Princess of Wales returned to Marlborough
House on June 28 from visiting the Queen at Windsor. The
Due d'Aumale and the Duke of Cambridge visited the Prince
and Princess, and remained to luncheon. The Prince presided
at a meeting of the Council of tbe Duchy of Cornwall. His
Royal Highness was present at the debate in the House of
Lords on June 29. The Duke of Teck, Princess Mary Adelaide
(Duchess of Teck), and Prince Francis and Princess Victoria
of Teck, visited the Prince and Princess on June 30, and
remained to luncheon. On Sunday, July 1. the Prince and
Princess, and Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud, were present
atDivinescrvice. On July 2 the Prince visited the Queen at
Windsor, dined with her Majesty, and subsequently returned
to London. The Prince presided over a meeting of the
organising committee of the Imperial Institute at Marlborough
House. It was stated that the funds now available, exclusive
of subscriptions from the Indian Empire and temporarily
invested there, amounted to £310,000. Lord Rosebery, Lord
Herschell, and Sir John Rose were appointed trustees for the
endowment fund. Prince and Princess Christian, Prince and
Princess Victor of Hohenlohe - Langenburg, and Countess
Feedore and Countess Victoria Gleichen lunched with their
Royal Highnesses on July 3. The officers past and present of
the" Rifle Brigade, the Prince Consort's Own. have presented
the Prince, their late Colonel-in-Chief, and the Princess with
a clock, on the occasion of tlieir Royal Highnesses' “ Silver
Wedding." Their Royal Highnesses have fixed Tuesday,
July 17. for their visit to Islington to open the Great Northern
Central Hospital. Prince Albert Victor will open the Beacon6-
field sea-wall and promenade at Bridlington on July 19, and
will visit Bristol on July 23 to unveil the Jubilee statue of
the Queen.
The King of the Belgians left England on June 29.
The Duke of Edinburgh on June 28 paid a visit to the
Bologna Exhibition, where he met with a very hearty recep¬
tion. Next day the Duke arrived in Rome, and in the afternoon
King Humbert paid his Royal Highness a visit at the hotel
where he is staying. The Duke sailed from Spezia on July 2
with the ironclads Alexandra. Temeraire. and Dreadnought
for Naples. The Duchess of Edinburgh has arrived at
her summer Palace of Rosenau, near Coburg, which Duke
Ernst some time ago placed at her disposal. All her children
are with her.
“THE DON.”
Academical attire certainly suits our popular comedian. He
has been handed down to posterity as an “ artful dodger," a
steeplechase rider, an old toy-maker in a canvas coat, a waiter,
an engine-driver, and a retired soap-boiler ; but when did Mr.
J. L. Toole appear to greater advantage than as the genial,
good-natured, twinkling-eyed “dean of chapels," in his collegiate
cap and his Master of Arts gown, otherwise tbe Rev. Horaco
Millikin, in “ The Don " .’ Mr. and Mrs. Herman Merivale. in
this amusing picture of modern university life, with its
summer commemoration festivities, its flirtations, concerts,
garden parties, and cosy teas in the rooms of undergraduates,
have managed to fit Mr. Toole to a nicety, and he seems to revel
in the anxieties and the perplexities of the simple-minded
bachelor Fellow who is entrapped by an artful widow, and,
thanks to a scapegrace, is involved in collegiate troubles that
would shock the most liberal Warden. It is not only that it
is amusing to see Mr. Toole in university habit, but in the
course of the play it is seen how cleverly the sketch is intro¬
duced. and with what little exaggeration our never-failing
comedian caricatures the humours and social idiosyncrasies of
university life. Mr. Toole's enthusiastic w'elcome at both tbe
Universities of Cambridge and Oxford show that “ there is no
ill-feeling ” on the part of the authorities, and that he lias
been freely forgiven for taking the name of a college tutor in
vain. Since these visits the theatre hns been crowded with
orthodox clergy, headed by Canon Farrar, and wilh the
generous and genial aid by Mr. Toole, in this very play, one
more plank has been added to the strong bridge being built
between the rival and sometimes antagonistic banks of
Church and Stage. Very shortly after Saturday, July 7,
Mr. Toole, who has let his pretty little theatre—first to Mr.
Lionel Brough, and then to the “ I’epita ” Comic-Opera Com¬
pany—will be off on his travels. He will play at Weymouth,
Guernsey, and Jersey, and then—after a holiday trip to St.
Malo. the principal points of interest in Brittany and Nor¬
mandy, the bath cure at Aix-los-Bains, and a short visit to
Homburg—the popular actor will start on his lengthened
provincial tour, and may not be expected back in London with
“ The Don " until Christmastime. Whenever he returns he
will be welcome home again, for London is never at its
merriest without the presence of an actor who has done more
than any of his companions to make men and women merry,
and who, for his deeds of generosity and unselfishness, is
universally beloved by friends and public alike. And there is
another point that must never be forgotten. Mr. Toole in the
whole of his career has never produced a play or spoken a line
on the stage that could possibly offend anyone. The old era of
Wright and his farcical companions has passed away, and
Mr. Toole should have the credit of introducing honest, hearty
fun that leaves no unpleasant taste in the mouth. Ho
thoroughly deserves his great popularity and success.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
3
THE
JULY 7, tS«8 _
-THE IRISH NATIONAL
LEAGUE.
■hich is of great political interest, came
Mr, F. H. O'Donnell.
Mr. Herbert 0 lads tom
vice-president of
EnVconfSemtion, and one of the Executive of the Irish
rXnd Loaene and of the National League in London. In
March A^fril, Mar, and June of 1887, a senes of articles,
entitled Poraellism and Crime appeared m the Junes,
charring prominent members of the Home-Rule party
with the guilt of direct incitement to outrage and ,---„ «.u.u«u so uu«i conuueuce, or permmrea
murder, and with “ basing their movements on a scheme of to know their secrets. They did not include the plaintiff among
assassination, carefully calculated and coolly applied. “ the trusted few ” who might be aware of Mr. Parnell's real
conduct. Byrne
was in Mr. Par¬
nell’s confidence
in 1881. when the
1 Invi ncibles'
were founded, and
in 1882, when the
assassinations
were planned."
The plaintiff,
Mr. O’Donnell,
alleged that these
and other pas¬
sages in the
articles of tbo
Times were libel-
ions, as imputing
to him that he,
along with Mr. .
Parnell an d ^
others, were uo- .
complices of v ^
Byrne and tbo
other conspira¬
tors for the
Phoenix Park
murders. He claimed £50,000 damages for this libel.
The defendants, the proprietors of the Times, denied that
the articles complained of had any such meaning with regard
to the plaintiff, Mr. O’Donnell, who was not. they said, closely
associated with Mr. Parnell and the leading members of his
party, and was never admitted to their confidence, or permitted
Particular stress was laid on the circumstance that
Frank Byrne, the paid secretary of the Home-Rule Con¬
federation, and subsequently of the Land League and National
League at their offices in London, received and sent to
Dublin the knives with which Lord Frederick Cavendish
and Mr. Burke were murdered, on May 6, 1882, in the Phoenix
Park ; and Mr. O’Donnell and Mr. Justin McCarthy, M.P., were
stated to have been accompanied by Frank Byrne, on April 10,
m meeting Mr. Parnell at Willesden Junction on his way from
to Paris. It was insinuated, apparently, that the
officials and leading members, or “a trusted few,” of that
branch of the National League which was established in
l ■ having its offices in two small rooms at Palace-
chambers, Bridge-street, Westminster, where Byrne kept the
knives and a Winchester rifle and revolvers, were party to the
assassination plot.
Mr. O'Donnell thereupon wrote a letter to the Times, which
was published on Juno 17 last year, denying that he and other
* honourable members of that Constitutional organisation ” had
any complicity in the abominable crimes of Frank Byrne. The
limes made certain comments on this letter, which showed,
J 8 **}“• “ fc he extraordinary weakness of the defence set up
Mr. O Donnell for those of his party who were associated
with Byrne before and after the Thccnix Park murders.”
It pointed out that
in October, 1882. on
the motion of Mr.
O’Donnell, seconded by
Mr. T. P. O'Connor,
the League expressed
its “ fullest confi-
denoe” in Frank
Byrne's “capacity,
energy, and honesty ” ;
and it was stated that
in January, 1883, Mr.
Parnell himself pro¬
vided the money for
Byrne to escape to
France. The article
proceeded, after fur¬
ther discussion, with
these personal refer-
^ ences to the plaintiff :
“ Mr. O’Donnell, how-
ever ’ 18 entitled
7 t° say that his eyes
have been opened by
The/rsi witness, Mr. later revelations.
he P mirhi ^Donnell’s silence upon paints Mto which
have K ^ t i ak . w,fch 801116 . aufc hority. Mr. O’Donnell, as we
wish e ^ noW8 , nothi ^ ®hout the matter, or does not
iirnor*n«' ^ykhing. But Mr. Parnell, at least, cannot plead
8 «uiue. It is plainly inconsistent with his whole course of
-might b
object, which was not the re-establishment of an Irish National
Parliament, but the complete separation of Ireland from Great
Britain. They said that the plaintiff always was, and still is,
distrusted by Mr. Parnell and by those closely associated with
Mr. Parnell ; and that he could not be aware of the extent to
which they were mixed up with the instigators and organisers
Jj. murders, outrages, and crimes in Ireland and elsewhere.
vV ith these reservations as to the meaning of the articles in the
Times, it was contended that they were not defamatory of Mr.
O Donnell ; that they were true in substance and in fact, and
that the article of June 17 was only a fair comment on his
letter.
The counsel for the plaintiff was Mr. Ruegg; for the
defendants, the Attorney-General, Sir Henry James, Q.C., Mr.
Lumley Smith, Q.C., and Mr. Gwynne Janies. Mr. Ruegg
opened the case, reading the alleged libels and Mr. O’Donnell’s
letters to the Times; after which the first witness he called
was Mr. Henry Lacy, who was, from 1881 to 1885, manager of
the Parliamentary reporting staff of the Daily Xews, and writer
of the summary of Parliamentary debates. He stated that he
knew the plaintiff, Mr. O’Donnell, as a member of the Irish
Home-Rule Party, and he considered that a libel referring
to “Mr. Parnell and his allies” would be a libel on the
plaintiff ; but there were passages in the articles read which
he should not suppose to refer to Mr. O’Donnell. In cross-
examination, he was asked respecting the speeches made con¬
cerning the Parnellite League by Mr. Gladstone and Mr.
Trevelyan, in 1881 and 1882 ; but the Court decided that these
could not be put in evidence. Mr. W. A. Roberts, Mr. Joseph
Cowen, and Mr. P. Burt, M.P., were examined on the second
day of the trial, and gave it as their opinion that Mr. O'Donnell
■was referred to in the alleged libel. With this evidence the
case for the plaintiff closed. In opening the case for the
defendants the Attorney-General commented upon the fact
that Mr. O’Donnell had not been called, and denied that he
was a member of the Irish Land League, against which the
Times' animadversions were directed. Sir R. Webster said he
should call evidence to show the doings of the League
in -inciting to murder during the years 1879 to 1881. Sir R.
Webster, in continuing his speech on the third day, said he
would have to refer to one or two other speeches, including one
by Mr. Parnell. This was delivered at Ennis. On Sept. 9,1880,
Mr. Parnell said “ Now what are you to do if a tenant bids
for a farm from which his neighbour has been evicted ?
(Interruption: ‘Shoot him!’ ‘Kill him!). Now I think I
heard someone say, ‘ Shoot him.’ But I wish to point out to
you a very much better way, a more Christian, and a
more charitable way. When a man takes a farm from which
another has been evicted you must shun him at the roadside ;
when you meet him you must shun him in the streets of the
town, you must shun him at the shop - counter, you
must shun him in the fair and the market-place, and even
Mr. C. S. Parnell.
in the house of worship.” Mr. Mally spoke later on in.
county Mayo, in the presence of Quinn, acting secretary of the
Land League, and, referring to landlords, said :—“ I am
not telling you to shoot, but I am telling you to do it if you
like. Only 10s. is required for a gun license for all the year
round, but £3 has to be paid for a game license. With the
10s. license they could shoot vermin all the year round.” He
next referred to a number of letters to show what was passing
just before and after the legal suppression of the Land League.
Mr. J. Burlinson has been appointed superintendent of the
Great Western Railway, in the room of Mr. G. N. Tyrrell, who
resigns his position after forty-six years’ service.
The Liverpool Jubilee Memorial Fund Committee have
decided to hand over the balance of the fund, amounting to
£4400, to the authorities of the Liverpool University College
for the erection in connection with the new college buildings
of a Jubilee tower, to cost £5000.
THE SILENT MEMBER.
The Prince of Wales, who so judiciously occupies a neutral
position as regards Party politics, dropped into his place in
the House of Lords on the Tweuty-iiiiith of June in time to
hear an imj oitaut debate on the defences of England. Until
the piping t hue* of peace settle in for good, and Boulangers ceo .-e
from troubling and Bismarck is at rest, it is to be fearea
invasion ‘ scares” will periodically recur in this country.
These alarums are not wholly useless. The hectoring language
of certain truculent Gallic Colonels in the time of Napoleon III.
created that unexampled instance of pure patriotism, the
Volunteer Movement, which has provided us with a strong
army of sharpshooters. Some twenty-nine years later, the
militant post-prandial speeches of Lieutenant-General Lord
Wolseley, Adjutant-General of her Majesty’s Forces, have
again called public attention forcibly to the question of
national defences. In view of the fact that each of the great
Powers on the Continent is practically an armed nation, are
the naval and military forces of Great Britain sufficiently
powerful to repel invasion !
The Earl of Wemyss rose on the present occasion to
answer this question after his fashion by moving that, under
the circumstances, “ this House welcomes the proposal of her
Majesty 8 Government for an increase of our defensive means,
and confidently looks to their forthwith taking such further
measures as will give ample security to our Empire and just
confidence to the country.” No one has a greater right than
the noble Earl to tackle the subject. As Lord Elcho, he was
the life and soul of the Volunteer Movement in the London
district. His Lordship concisely expressed his idea of the
value of the Volunteers by saying. ‘’There are 200.000 of these
serving at the present time, and over a million who have
passed through the ranks.” But these statistics and
others which Lord Wemyss expatiated on are familiar
in our months as household words. It is open to question
whether it was expedient for Lord Wolseley, the illustrious
Duke the Commander-in-Chief, and other Peers to join the
noble Earl in repeating a more than thrice-told tale. As the
Prime Minister aptly reminded Lord Wolseley. after scouting
the idea that it was possible for a hundred thousand troops to
be transported in one night from the shores of France to the
shores of England, '‘I do not think it is desirable that we
should discuss in all its details for the benefit of our neigh¬
bours the precise mode in which we expect them to attack ug,
and in which we intend to defend ourselves : and I should be
very grateful if the noble Viscount would use his official
knowledge rather to guide us than to correct us.” The
Marquis of Salisbury occasioned a ripple of sympathetic
laughter by adding, in his old ironic style, “ I am afraid that
if chastisement is the proof of love, the love of the noble Lord
overflows all bounds,” Henceforward, we may hope that
political and administrative chiefs will work in unison to com¬
plete our armaments.
The “silver streak ” is to remain “inviolate” yet a little
while longer, to use tho poetical language of Sir Michael
Hicks Beach, who is not in the habit of copying the flowery
style of the immortal Silas Wegg. On the last Wednesday in
June, Sir Edward Watkin received tho support of Mr. Glad¬
stone and of 1<)» votes in moving the second reading of the
Channel Tunnel Experimental Works Bill. But the Govern¬
ment and 307 hon. members opposed the measure, which was
negatived by a majority of 142. Still, it may be prudent to
remember the line of the song which protests that “ Nothing
is sacred to a sapper.”
Mr. Ritchie energetically perseveres with the principal
Ministerial measure. By further lightening the Local
Government Bill, the right hon. gentleman has made pro¬
gress. With respect to the vexed question of public-house
licenses, the Sunday Closing clause was not got rid of on
the Twenty-eighth of June without an edifying triangular
duel between Mr. Caine on the one hand and Sir William
Harcourt and Sir Wilfrid Lawson on the other. There
was a majority of (12 in favour of excluding the clause.
Omission of the remaining licensing clauses was then sanc¬
tioned. In their anxiety to show the new County Councils
the way they should go, hon. members have sought to hamper
the forthcoming boards with directions of various kinds, some
serviceable, others unnecessary ; Mr. Ritchie has done well to
consult the metropolitan Conservative members as to the London
County Council, and to fall in with the views in favour of
adopting the Parliamentary divisions as electoral districts, and
granting two members to each. It is satisfactory to know
that many trustworthy and experienced administrators on
existing vestries, men who have done really valuable work
and effected great improvements, will be ready and willing
to serve on the first London Council, which is to have its
Aldermen, and should be of dignity and weight.
The land question in Wales, and agricultural depression in
the Principality, gave rise to an important discussion in tho
House of Commons on the Twenty-ninth of June. Son of rv
Merionethshire tenant-farmer, Mr. Thomas Edward Ellis
earnestly appealed to the Government to readjust farm rentals
in Wales. Mr. Raikes hlandly offered Ministerial sympathy.
But the motion Mr. Ellis prayed the House to adopt was
rejected by 14(J against 128 votes.
The reappearance in the House of Mr. James Lowther on
the Second of July, proudly escorted by Mr. Akers-Douglas
and Mr. W. Lowther, as the new member for the Isle of Thanet,
was the occasion of a burst of Ministerial cheering. I need
hardly add that the Irish Nationalists indulged in similar
cheering at the next day’s sitting, when Dr. Fitegerald took
his seat as member for South Longford.
Mr. T. Sexton, M.P., has been nominated by the Dubliu
Municipal Council for re-election as Lord Mayor of Dublin.
The Australian Cricketers beat the team representing North
of England at Manchester by five wickets.
The Flying Scotchman, which on July 2 began running
between London and Edinburgh in eight and a-balf hours,
accomplished the journey in four minutes less than the
appointed time.
Lieutenant-General Sir Gerald Graham, who commanded
the Expeditionary Force atSouakimin 1885, has been appointed
Governor and Commander-in-Chief at Bermuda, in place of
Lieutenant-General Gallwey.
The recent Military Tournament at the Agricultural Hall
will be the means of contributing a sum of £14,000 to the
funds of the Cambridge Hospital for Old and Disabled Soldiers.
This sum exceeds by £4000 the amount realised by any
previous tournament, and the War Office has now decided that
the event shall take place annually and shall be official.
The annual distribution of prizes to the students connected
with the Charing-cross Hospital Medical School took place on
June 29, in the lecture theatre at Chandos-street. The Rev.
the Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, presided. The Dean,
Dr. Bruce, submitted the annual report, which stated that in
the course of the year seventy-four new students bad been
enrolled, and that at the present time there were 225 in daily
attendance.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Ji
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SHOW.YARD OF THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. WOLLATON PARK.
JULY 7 , iss8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
MUSIC.
THE HANDEL FESTIVAL.
This great celebration at the Crystal Palace closed, as already
stated, on Friday, June 29. with a performance of “ Israel in
Egypt.” Our comments on this, and on the second day’s
programme—the miscellaneous selection—were unavoidably
postponed until now. The pieces chosen for the second
festival day were well calculated to give an idea of Handel’s
versatility—a quality for which he has not been sufficiently
credited by the public at large, who are generally accustomed
to think of him only as a composer of English oratorios. In
this respect, doubtless, his grandest genius and highest skill
have been pre-eminently displayed ; hut there are other
phases in which, although subordinately. Handel has earned a
title to be ranked as one of the greatest composers of the past.
His proficiency as a performer on the organ and the
harpsichord was acquired at an early age ; and although his
compositions for the former instrument were suited to the very
limited capacities of the English organs of his period and to
the volatile taste of the audiences before whom he performed
them, his harpsichord music Btill retains its interest both in
point of beauty and science. As a composer for the organ,
Handel cannot compare with his great contemporary, Sebastian
Bach, who, in his isolated position, wrote up to his own ideal,
not, as Handel did in his adapted country, to please an un¬
skilled audience that generally preferred prettiness to sub¬
limity. This tendency of the English public of his time
(fortunately not that of our own period) was amply proved
by the cold reception of some of Handel’s sublimest oratorio
music—“ Israel in Egypt ” for instance, which was at first a
comp.yative failure, and was repeated with interpolations of
pieces from other sources made by Handel himself ; and his
concertos for the organ performed by him. That selected for
the second day of the week of the Handel Festival just closed
was No. 7 in B flat. This florid piece of organ music was very
skilfully executed by Mr. W. T. Best, of Liverpool. Several
other pieces in the selection programme were on this occasion
given for the first time at a Handel Festival, and these we
shall first refer to. Madame Trebelli sang the fine “ Invoca¬
tion " from " Esther," which was followed by the chorus “ He
comes ” (from the same oratorio). The well-known air “ Total
eclipse” was rendered by Mr. B. McGuckin, followed by the
chorus “ Oh, first created beam.” “ Belshazzar ” furnished the
fine chorus “ Te tutelar gods.” In the second part, the stately
saraband from the opera of “ Almira ” (the original of the
aria “ Lascia ch’ io pianga ") was another festival novelty, as
were the “Calumny” chorus from “ Alexander Balus;” the
aria (from “ Ottone ”) “ Del minacciar,” sung by Sir. Santley;
and the air (assigned to Sir. McGuckin), “When two fond
hearts,” from “ Deidamia ; ” the programme closing with two
choruses and the air “Guardian angels” from “The
Triumph of Time and Truth ; ” the solo having been ex¬
pressively sung by Sladame Albani, who had previously given
the more familiar-Let the bright seraphim "with brillianteffect
(the trumpet obbligato of Sir. McGrath having been a feature) ;
and the aria “ Ombra mai fit" from “ Serse.” Other items
of the selection that have before been associated with festival
and other performances require mere mention. Sir. McGuckin
in “ Waft her, angels ” (with the recitative) ; Sir. Lloyd in
“Call forth thy pow'rs ” and “ Love in her eyes ; " Sir. Santley
in “ Honour and arms ; ” Madame Xordica in “ So shall the
lute and harp ” and " Hush, ye pretty warbling choir ; ” and
Madame Trebelli in “ Lascia ch’ io pianga,” gave effect to the
respective pieces, the orchestra having been heard specially in
the “occasional" overture, and the violins thereof (upwards of
200) in a wonderfully consentaneous performance of the sonata
in A. One or two familiar choruses were included in tbe
programme, which was preceded by the “ Coronation Anthem ”
given after the "National Anthem." Sliss E. Squire should be
mentioned ns having rendered efficient co-operation with
Mesdames Nordica and Trebelli in the trio (with chorus), “ See
the conquering hero.”
Brief notice of the closing performance — “ Israel in
Egypt ”—will suffice ; first reference being made to the
choruses, on account of their being the pervading features of
the oratorio, and also because—as before observed—the
choral effects arc necessarily those for which the vast area
of the Crystal Palace is best suited. In the grand series of
movements for single and double choir presented by “ Israel
in Egypt,” Handel's capacity for the realisation of religious
sublimity and dramatic expression in music is found at its
highest. Nowhere—not even in “The Messiah”—is there
anything finer than the choral music of “ Israel,” the effect of
the stupendous choruses in which, os given at a Handel
Festival, cannot be imagined by those who have had no ex¬
perience thereof. Among the many profound impressions
produced by them on the closing day of this year’s celebration
may be particularised those which attended the magnificent
rendering of “ He spake the word,” the “ Hailstone ’’ chorus,
“He sent a thick darkness," “But as for His people." the
several masterly movements ending the first part, the wondrous
double choruses of the second part including the triumphant
climax. The soprano solo music was divided between Madame
Valleria and Miss A. Marriott, Madame Patey having been
the contralto and Mr. Lloyd the tenor. This gentleman’s
admirable delivery of the declamatory air “The enemy said”
was a special feature. The duet for two basses, “ The Lord is
a man of war," was assigned to Mr. Bridson and Mr. Brereton.
The names of the several solo vocalists sufficiently indicate the
general efficiency of their performances.
The musical arrangements have been on a scale of grandeur
fully equal to that of past celebrations; a body of instru¬
mentalists and choristers was assembled, consisting of nearly
4000 executants, the effects having been enhanced by the
gigantic organ erected in the Handel Orchestra, manipulated
by Mr. Eyre, organist to the Crystal Palace. Here fresh
recognition must be made of the admirable chorus-singing
throughout the festival. Such a result might seem almost
impossible of attainment from so vast a choral body; certainly
nothing Ike it had been realised at any previous celebration.
Long preparation, and the importation of a large number of
fresh voices exercised an important influence.
In conducting the performances, Mr. Manns has again
proved bis exceptional fitness for the arduous task which he
first essayed at the festival of 1883, when suddenly replacing
Sir M. Costa, who was disabled by the illness that soon after¬
wards terminated fatally. Apart from the high musical
interest of these festivals, the admirable arrangements for
the comfort and security of visitors have always been subjects
for remark. A large number of gentlemen acting as honorary
stewards greatly facilitated the placing of the audience, who
were directed to their respective localities by conspicuous
placards corresponding with the indications on the tickets.
strong police foroe is another important feature of these
^occasions, which pass off with a freedom from confusion or
(disturbance truly remarkable in such enormous gatherings.
Recognition is also due to Sir. Henshaw Russell, the manager,
and Mr. William Gardiner, the secretary, for the facilities and
courtesies rendered by them for reporting purposes. The
.oooasion has been eminently successful; upwards of 86,000
having attended during the festival.
ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.
The production of Mozart’s “II Flauto Magioo ’’ («>e Italian
version of his “Die Zauberflote ). could owing to great
pressure on space, but be barely mentioned until now The
opera was the last of Mozart s stage compositions, having
been composed in 1791, and first performed at Visnn^m
September of that vear, but a few weeks before his death.
The libretto, originally in German, is a curions jumble of
masonic mysteries and magical absurdities, that would have
been snffieie.it to have killed music of less beauty. Intended
to strike the popular ear so as to revive the fallen fortunes of
the theatre of Shickaneder. a buffo actor, who furnished the
book and sustained the character of Papageno, the many
exquisite melodies of “ Die ZauberflSte ” were soon heard all
over the civilised world. The Italian version, “II Flauto
Magico.” was first given in London in 1811, at the opera-house
in the Haymarket. then known as the King’s Theatre, and has
retained its musical charm here, as elsewhere, in spite of its
libretto. The work is not always easily presentable, on
account of the difficulty of the music assigned to the character
of Astrifiammante, the Queen of Night, written fora particular
singer of the day possessed of a soprano voice of exceptionally
high compass. The character just specified was sustained in
the representation now referred to by Miss Ella Rnssell,
who sang the difficult music with much brilliancy.
A character of more importance, both dramatically and music¬
ally, is that of Pamina. who has music of pathos and sentiment
to sing instead of the mere bravura roulades and show passages
belonging to the Queen of Night. Madame Minnie Hank as
Pamina gave full effect to the several passages of tenderness
and passion, and threw genuine earnestness of expression
into the part, that was in strong contrast to the absurdity of
the surroundings. Tamino, the tenor, is not dramatically
interesting, but has some charmingly melodious music to
sing, and this was well rendered by Signor Ravelli, with a
good sostennto style in accordance with the requirements of
the music. In the small part of Pajiagena Mdlle. Sigrid
Arnoldson sang and acted with liveliness and piquancy, and
Signor Del Puente, as Papageno, rendered the music and the
farcical character with excellent judgment and discretion.
Signor Novara (vice M. E. De Reszke, indisposed) gave the
grand music of Snrastro with impressive effect, and was espe¬
cially successful in the aria •* Qui sdegno.” Signor Rinaldini
was (as often before) efficient as Monostatos; tho incidental
passages for the three attendants of the Queen of Night and
the three Genii were well sung by Millies. Dotti, Desvignes,
Banermeister, and L. Lablaclie, and Madame Scalchi (this lady
having been a member of each trio), and subordinate parts
were sufficiently well filled. The stage accessories were as
elaborate and splendid as nsnal under Mr. Harris's manage¬
ment. The interpolated ballet was an innovation that might
well have been spared. Mr. Randegger conducted.
The next specialty of Mr. Augustus Harris's remarkable
season was announced for Thursday, July B, when Rossini's
“ Guglielmo Tell ” was to be produced—too late, of coarse, for
present notice.
The present series of the Richter Concerts at St. James's
Hpll is within one performance of its close. At the eighth
concert, on July 2—a concerto by Bach, for three oboes,
bassoon, tivo horns, solo violin, two violins, viola, violoncello,
and contrabasso—was introduced for the first time here. The
term “concerto" formerly meant a concerted piece for several
or many instruments; not as now. a piece for the special display
of the skill of one performer (perhaps two, or three), with the
accompaniment of others. Bach and Handel both produced
many works of the former description. That now referred to
consists of three movements, and is characterised by the
dignity and antique grace which so largely prevail in Bach's
mnsic. The solo violin part was played by Mr. E. Schiever.
The vocal music consisted of the closing scene of the first act
of Wagner’s “Siegfried,” the declamatory passages in which
for the title-character were finely declaimed by Mr. E. Lloyd,
those for Mime having been assigned to Mr. W. Nicholl. The
important orchestral details were excellently realised by the
fine band conducted by Dr. Hans Richter, full justice having
also been rendered to the other items of the programme:—
Weber's overture to “ Oberon,” that by Mendelssohn to “ A
Midsummer Night’s Dream,” and Beethoven's Symphony
(No. 7) in A.
Otto Ilegner, the extraordinary young pianist, gave a
farewell recital at St. James's Hall on June 28, when his per¬
formances were of the same remarkable excellence as on
previous occasions.
Among recent miscellaneous concert announcements have
been those of Mr. John Thomas (the well-known harpist),
Mdlles. M., C., F., and E. Eissler (violinist, harpist, and pianists),
Miss E. Barker (an esteemed vocalist), Signor Chiostri. Madame
Zagnry (Coart singer to the King and Queen of Portugal),
Mrs. Cunnah, Herr Yon Czeke, Mr. W. Ganz (the eminent
pianist and conductor). Miss E. Sturmfels and Mr. A. Napoleon
(accomplished pianists), the Hyde Park Academy of Music,
Signor De Cristofaro, and Mr. It. Stuart's Chopin recital.
The special festival service at Westminster Abbey on
June 28—in celebration of Coronation Day—included some
important musical features. A collection was made in aid of
the funds of the Westminster Hospital.
The Canadian team for Wimbledon arrived at Liverpool on
July 1 by the mail-steamer Sarmatian, from Quebec.
The Association of Original Engravers, heretofore known
as the Society of Painter-Etchers, is to ho henceforth entitled
“ The Royal Society of Painter-Etchers."
The Kennel Club’s summer dog-show has been held in the
picturesque grounds of the Ranelagh Club, Barnes. The large
number of 1400 was entered, including exhibits from the
kennels of the Prince of Wales, Prince Francis and Princess
Victoria of Teck, and Prince Albert Solms.
At the great lamp exhibition recently concluded at St.
Petersburg, the Imperial Technical Society have awarded
their gold medal to the Defries Safety Lamp and Oil Company
for the “ manufacture of durable and safely-constructed lamps
burning satisfactorily kcrosiue or heavy oils,” this being the
only award of the kind made, and the fifth such honour given
to the celebrated Defries' Safety Lamps.
The literary services Mr. Clement Scott has rendered to the
theatre as a dramatic critic for the past twenty-five years are
about to be recognised in a pleasant fashion. What the World
terms the “ professional silver wedding ” of this brilliant
writer is to be celebrated by a dinner in his honour at tbe Arts
Clnb, at which the elite of the theatrical profession will, no
doubt, he present.
At the Crystal Palace on July 3 the eighty-second anni¬
versary festival of the Licensed Victuallers’ School, in which
the children of decayed or deceased victuallers are maintained
and educated, was held under the presidency of Mr. A. H.
Bevan, of the firm of Barclay and Perkins. The firm of
Barclay and Perkins gave 600 gs., and the chairman, whose
list amounted to £2500, gave 100 gs. In the whole about
486000 wMMbtained as the result of the festival.
THE PLAYHOUSES.
Opinions differ widely on the subject of the new play at the
Strand Theatre. The majority of the experts will have nothing
to do with Mrs. Coffin's half-comic, half-pathetic domestic
drama, “Run Wild": they think it exaggerated, crudely done,
and improbable; and do not hesitate to say that the leading
character does not suit Mr. W illie Edouin at all, and that in it
he is quite out of his element. The minority, however, dive
below the surface : they detect in the drama a human
ring; they extract from it a measure of consolation ; and they
desire to see the chief character played by Mr. Edouin when
he is master of his emotions and can do some sort of justice to
a very admirably-written and correctly-conceived character.
Mr. Edouin is not the first comic actor who has essayed a part
that departs from the regions of broad farce. He bos an
essentially funny personality no doubt,an elastic countenance,
a droll manner, a nature redolent of humour. People cannot
conceive the possibility of a purely burlesque actor turning
himself into a man who can at turns be as serious as he is
funny. But, after all, laughter and tears are near neighbours.
Robson, inimitable in burlesque, was more excellent still in
“ The Porter’s Knot ” and “ Daddy Hardacre ”; Mr. Toole can
be excrnciatingly funny in farce and delightfully pathetic as
Caleb Plummer. Mr. David James set the Strand and the
Vaudeville in a roar in the wildest extravaganza, and drew
tears from his audience as well as laughter in “ Apple
Blossoms ” and “ Our Boys." Why, then, should not the author
of “The Heathen Chinee” represent and understand this de¬
lightful, good-natured, tender-hearted Mr. Parker, who is
courteous, deferential, and respectful to the woman who insults
him and galls the better part of bis nature. The essence of
this play is contained in a memorable stanza from “In
Memoriam ”
Oh ! yet we trust that somehow good
Will be the mini goal of 111,
To j«ngs of Nature, sins of will,
Defeets of doubt, and mints uf blood.
A good-hearted man. free from prejudice, and essentially noble
in nature, can, with the assistance of his generous daughter,
subjngate and win over to a higher humanity the worldly wife
and the unnatural son. That is all. The theme is very simple,
but it is effective. It is a picture that mast come home to
the audience, for it is truthfully if unskilfully painted, and,
take it for what it is worth, there is not much more im¬
probable about it than the scenes of real life in “Our
Boys." Had Mrs. Coffin possessed the knowledge of the
stage acquired by Mr. II. J. Byron, and bis skill in word-play,
the theme of her drama would have been by no manner of
means inferior to that enormously successful work. On the
occasion of the first performance, Mr. Edonin manifestly did
not do himself justice. He was "all abroad,” as they say, and
made others as nervous as himself. But he read the part
admirably, and eventually, with practice, he will act it just as
well. The personation of the “ stuck up " wife was an admir¬
able piece of true art by Miss Susie Vaughan. It would be
difficult to find any fault with it in tone, style, or colour. And
there were innumerable other parts well acted : an impudent
London man-servant, by Mr. Chevalier; a young, impulsive
lad, by Mr. Fawcett; a generous youth, by Mr. B. Webster;
a pretty, bouncing girl, by Miss Grace Huntley ; mid, to
the delight of the audience. Miss Alice Atherton was
present to play the gay. excitable child of Nature who,
reared in the wilds of Connemara, comes to take London
by storm, and to brighten domestic gloom with her
fresh and breezy manner. As such, the sweet sister makes
an admirable contrast to her “ unlicked cab ” of a brother,
one of the most disagreeable characters ever written, but one
boldly attacked and conscientiously carried out by Mr. Harry
Eversfield. He never flinched, and bore his artistic punishment
like a man. Actors should be congratulated on these acts of
self-denial, for plays of contrast will he impossible if actresses
refuse to play ugly women, or if actors shy at bad young men.
There is too much disposition on the stage to carry private
characters on to the hoards. “Oh! if I play that part,” says
Miss Footlights, “ they will think me just as bad.” " But if I
really play that part well," says young Tyro, “ they will think
me a horrid cad." Extend the argument, and the actress may
be made out a jioisoner and the actor a murderer, in fact and
deed. Mr. Eversfield plays young Parker with great skill.
AT HENLEY REGATTA.
Fine Midsummer weather only is needed to make the annual
meeting for the Thames boating men and their numerous
friends and admirers, on that pleasant part of the river below
the town of Henley, one of the most delightful entertainments
of the season. We ate unable to soy, at this time of writing,
that Henley Regatta has been favoured with a bright
and rainless sky, and with long hours of sunshine and
dry sitting on the green-sward of parks and meadows.
If it should be so, as we hope it may be, the agreeable
scene depicted by our Artist will have been realised, no
doubt, in many places along the river-banks, where cheer¬
ful parties of companions for the day will have awaited
the most interesting races, not without much collateral
pastime in sociable talk, in temperate luncheon, and even in
the diverting ordeal of consultation with an artful old fortune¬
teller, who pretends to reveal to a young lady the complexion,
position, and character of her predestined lover. The young
man who lies at her feet, anxiously watching in her face the
effect of this momentous prediction, is probably more interested
in its result than in that of any of the aquatic contests on the
Thames.
Major-General E. H. Clive, Commandant of the Staff College,
is to be Governor of the Royal Military College at Sandhurst.
Earl Compton, Sir Charles Warren, Sir J. Parker Deane,
Q.C., and the Hon. T. Allnutt Brasscy have become vioe-
presidents of the Bethnal-green Free Library.
Lady Magheramome, who was accompanied by Lord
Magheramorae, on Jane 30 laid the foundation-stone of a new
parish church at Hornsey.
Colonel Palev, of Cantley Hall. DoncaBter, has presented tho
Rev. Canon Fleming with an organ for the new church of St.
Philip, Buckingham Palace-road, at a cost of £1100.
The Rev. J. H. Bernard, Junior Fellow of Trinity College,
Dublin, has been elected by the Board of Fellows to Archbishop
King’s lectureship, as successor to Archdeacon Gwynne,
appointed Regins Professor of Divinity.
An exhibition of works executed in trades and in the
recreative evening classes in connection with St Andrew's
Home and Club for Working Boys, was opened on June 30 by
the Duchess of Bnccleuch at the Home, 30, Great Peter-street,
Westminster.
The Government of Victoria having asked her Majesty’s
Government to send out an inspector of schools as a Commis¬
sioner on Education in connection with the Centennial Ex¬
hibition at Melbourne, the Rev. R. Wilde, -of Westbourne,
Emsworth, inspector of the south-western district, hat been
selected for the appointment.
l_o.ii ~i
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, July 7, 1888.—7
NOTTINGHAM AND THE MEETING OF THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY
enough on the north side of the broad valley of tho Trent,
nearly a mile from the bank of that river, and a Btream called
the Leen flows at its foot.
On the summit of this caverned cliff, in the time of the
Norman Conquest, William De Peverel hnilt his castle, which
became the property of the Crown under Henry II. It was
enlarged and strengthened by the Plnntagenct Kings, who
often visitod it, sometimes held their Parliaments here, and
occasionally fought for its possession, as when the rebel John,
in 11 i>4. stood a siege of the castle against his brother Richard.
They used it also for a State prison ; the twenty-four Welsh
hostages were put to death here in 1212 ; the traitor Mortimer,
in 1330. was here captured by Edward III.: David, King of
Scotland, was imprisoned here in 134(1; and this place of con¬
finement admitted a Speaker of the House of Commons, and a
Lord Mayor and Sheriffs of London, who were punished for
denying the absoluteness of Royal prerogative in the four¬
teenth century. It was at Nottingham, in 1485, that Richard III.
8T. PETER’S CHURCH.
The mcc'ing of the Royal Agricultural Society of Engl
this week, at Nottingham, though not favoured, as was lie
with the presence of his Royal Highness the Prince of W
is likely to be successful ; and our Illustrations of that n
esting town and neighbourhood will be appreciated by n
readers. Nottingham, with its hosiery and lace manufnet
and sundry other trades ; with its population, including
suburbs and neighbouring industrial villages, of a hnn
and twenty thousand, is one of the most important town
the English Midlands. It is a place of much note in Eng
history ; and the supposed derivation of its name from a Si
word meaning that its primitive inhabitants, ancient Bril
dwelt in caves of the rock, Bnggests a curious contrast betv
its condition now and in ages past. The rock, of soft
sandstone, with its caves of artificial formation, rises vis
ST. MART’S CHURCH
mastered his army for the Battle of Bosworth : it was at
Nottingham again, in 1(142, that Charles I. raised his standard
for the Civil War against the English Parliament. In that war,
after the occupation of the Castle by the Parliamentary forces,
it was bravely defended by the garrison under Colonel
Hutchinson ; after that war the fortress was demolished, like
many others. Its site was granted by Charles II. to Villiers,
Duke of Buckingham, who sold it to the first Duke
of Newcastle. A Btately mansion was built there, the modem
Nottingham Castle, belonging to successive Dukes ; bub in 1831
it was burnt down by a mob of rioters during the Reform Bill
XIVKRS1TT COLLEGE.
the promenade, from
LOOKING TOWARDS CLIFTON GROYE
WILFORD CHURCH.
ENTRANCE GATEWAY, WOLLATON PARE.
10
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 7,
agitation. Most of the adjacent park is now built over; a
public Museum and Gallery of Art, and the drill-hall of the
Nottinghamshire (Robin Hood) Rifle Volunteers, have been
established on this site. The gatehouse or barbican of the
ancient castle, much altered, and some fragments of walls and
bastions, are the only remnants of considerable antiquity—that
is to say, aboveground ; but there are subterranean caverns
and passages, one called " Mortimer’s Hole." through which
Edward III., with Sir William De Eland and his band of men-
at-arms, is said to have entered to surprise Mortimer in the
Keep o f the Castle.
The town, which held its charter as a corporate borough
seven centuries ago. and has elected its Mayor and Aldermen
since the later Plantagenet reigns, owed its prosperity
at first to the weaving of woollen cloth, and to fine
iron manufactures, the skill of its smiths being noted
in an old proverb. Its great Market - place, a triangular
space of nearly six acres, witli wooden colonnades in front of
some of the shops, has an old-fashioned air ; at one end is the
Exchange Hall, a handsome building. Three old parish
churches, St. Mary’s, St. Peter's, and St. Nicholas’, claim
precedence over a dozen or twenty of more recent date. St.
Mary’s is a large cruciform edifice of Perpendicular Gothic
architecture, the better part of it constructed in the fifteenth
century : its most commanding feature is the high and broad
central tower at the intersection of the nave by the transepts.
The south porch, of earlier Decorated Gothic style, is said to
have belonged to the neighbouring Priory of Lenton, and its
stones to have been removed thence and rebuilt as part of this
church. The interior, which measures 216 ft. in length of
nave, choir, and chancel, !>7 ft. in length of the transepts,
and 67 ft. in width of nave and aisles, is lighted by
unusually large windows; it has been carefully restored,
and is adorned with sculpture, jointings, and stained
glass. St. Peter’s Church, with its lofty tower and spire,
is perhaps rather older than St. Mary’s, but has under¬
gone more alterations. The old church of St. Nicholas,
being too near the Castle, was entirely destroyed in the siege
of Nottingham in 1017 ; the church was rebuilt in 1671. of
red brick, with a plain square tower, and was enlarged in the
last century. Among the finest new churches is that of
All Saints, near the Arboretum, built at the cost of Mr.
Windley, silk manufacturer. St. Barnabas’, the Roman
Catholic Cathedral, one of Pngin's best works, owes its
construction to the late Earl of Shrewsbury.
The new public buildings dedicated to civil and secular
purposes have added much to the dignity of the aspect of
Nottingham. An example of this may be observed by
comparing the new Townhall with the old Guildhall, ns
shown in our Illustrations; or by reference to the new
University College building. The County Hall and Assize
Courts, the Mechanics’ Institute, the General Hospital, the
Free Grammar School, and other institutions, are worthy of
Nottingham. Improvements are changing the appearance of
the old Btreets. A rather humble subject of one of the Artist’s
Sketches, the house partly occupied by a licensed beersbop and
partly by a butcher's shop, is associated with the name of
Henry Kirke White, the Nottingham poet, who was born in
this house in 1785. His early promise of genius, and his
passion for learning, attracted the notice of friends, who
released him from a clerkship in an attorney's office and
placed him at St. John’s College, Cambridge. His premature
death, in 1806, was noticed by Lord Byron in a pathetic
passage of “ English Bards and Scotch Reviewers.”
To those who have read either Kirke White's poems, or the
poems of another native of Nottingham, still living—Mr.
Henry Sutton—the pleasant riverside scenery of Wilford, and
of Clifton Grove, will be familiar in their imagination. We
remember, also, in some of the writings of the late William
and Mary Howitt. who long resided at Nottingham, agreeable
descriptions of the banks of the Trent near that town. Wil¬
ford, a mile and a half from Nottingham, to the south-west, is
a pretty rural village with an old church surrounded by fine
elm-trees ; in the church is a memorial stained-glass window,
also a tablet medallion portrait, the gift of admirers of Kirke
White. “Wilfrid Boat,” the well-known ferry, of which
Henry Sutton wrote his verses forty years ago, takes passengers
across to the opposite bank. Two miles higher up the river is
Clifton, with its “ Grove,” a beautiful avenue of fine old trees
more than a mile long ; and with its romantic cliff and deep
ravine, down which the “ Fair Maid Margaret," who broke her
oath to a lover and caused his death by her infidelity, was
hurried by remorse, or by fiends, as the grim old legend says,
to her doom in the avenging river. The Clifton family,
knights and baronets, have been seated at Clifton ever since
the reign of Henry III.; and the village, its fine old church
filled with their tombs, the plain old Hall, the almshouses
and cottages embowered in foliage, standing amidst verdant
meadows, are thoroughly characteristic of English country life.
In the immediate vicinity of the town, Nottingham is
favoured with the possession of agreeable suburban places of
recreation. The public garden styled the Arboretum, on
the north side, is tastefully laid out; beyond it lie the
Church Cemetery, portions of forest - land called “ Robin
Hood's Chace,” and “ the Coppices," with St. Anne's Well.
In the rock that overhangs the Leen, not far from
the Castle, are the hewn-out caverns which have got
the name of “ The Papists’ Holes,” from having been
occupied as hermits* cells in the Middle Ages, but which are
believed to be of much more ancient origin. The Lenton road
or boulevard, skirting the Park west of the Castle, is a favourite
promenade. Farther west of the town is the village of
Wollaton, with the grand old Elizabethan Hall and Park of the
Willoughby family and of Lord Middleton. The Bhowyard of
the Royal Agricultural Society will be found in this direction.
The clock-tower erected at the bottom of Queen's-road,
Brighton, at the charge of Mr. James Willing, as a Jubilee
memorial, was formally unveiled on June 28, and handed over
to the municipal authorities. It has been built from designs
by Mr. John Johnson, and is an ornament to the town. The
clock, manufactured by Messrs. Gillettand Johnston, of Croydon,
has four dials five feet in diameter, made of transparent
opal, so ns to admit of illumination by night. There are no
bAls, but at every hour a bali at the summit rises and descends
by hydraulic pressure. Upon the base of the tower are medal¬
lions of the Queen, the Prince Consort, and the Prince and
Princess of Wales. Shortly before one o'clock the Mayor and
Mayoress, Lord Alfred Paget, Sir Robert Peel, and a number
of townsmen, with Mr. James Willing, appeared on the spot.
The houses around were gaily decorated and the large space
outside the barrier was filled with spectators. Mr. Willing
form ill v handed a gold key of the tower to the Mayor who,
at the stroke of one. unveiled the tower. The Mayor acknow¬
ledged the gift and Mr. Willing said a few words in reply. At
a subsequent luncheon in the Pavilion the Mayor presented
Mr. Willing with an illuminated address and a silver centre-
piece, subscribed for solely by the members of the corporation “as
a mark of their esteem on the occasion of his dedicating to the
use of the inhabitants Ihc handsome clock-tower in commemor¬
ation of the Jubilee year of the reign of Queen Victoria.”
new books.
Old Glasgow: the Place and the People By Andrew Mao-
george. (Blackie and Son).-The Glasgow International
Exhibition this summer attracts thousands of visitors to that
great commercial citv which, besides the view of its mighty
trades and industries, and of the Clyde shipping and ship-
building, enjoys near access to some of the finest mountain,
lake, seashore, and river scenery in Great Britain. Its
historical and antiquarian associations, next to those of Edin¬
burgh. must engage the attention of those who feel an interest
in the past in .Scotland : they will do well to consult this
learned and accurate treatise, of which a third edition, revised
and corrected by the most recent statistics, is opportunely
published on the'present occasion. The author begins with
the advent of Kentigern, the Celtic missionary of the sixth
cent nr v, better known as “ St. Mnngo, ’ the latter name, which
signified “Dear Friend,” having been given him by his grate¬
ful flock. He had been preceded, however, towards the end of
the fourth century, bv St. Ninian, who abode some time among t he
Piets on the banks of the Molendinar. St. Mungo, however, was
the first Bishpp and the founder of Glasgow. The native people
retained little or no effect of Roman civilisation : they afterwards
became Anglicised by Saxon conquest. Ecclesiastical, baronial,
and municipal jurisdictions, the one more or less than the
Others with the changes of times, protected the growth of the
local community. It, is perhaps not feasible to narrate the
progress of Glasgow in a continuous history from the earliest
ages. Mr. Maegeorge rather deals, in separate chapters, with
particular features of the subject; the rule of the Bishops,
their Castle, and their Cathedral; the civic Corporation ; the
tenure of property : the old streets and buildings ; the ports and
military defences; the river and harbour ; the habits and
manners of the citizens ; their education, trades, social life, and
amusements; the city police; the water supply, and other
matters, down to the end of the eighteenth century. A few
statistics are added concerning the present position of Glasgow.
The Clyde, from it* Sourer to the Sea. By \V. J. Millar,
C.E. (Blackie and Son).—This volume, written by the Secretary
to the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland,
may profitably be studied in connection with “Old Glasgow."
although its instructive account of the improvement of the
river navigation belongs to a more recent period, and the vast
development of trade and industry which it has facilitated
contrasts greatly with the former affairs of that city. It
snppiies. at least, much authentic and scientific information
concerning the works of a bold and successful local enterprise,
only paralleled by that of the Tyne at Newcastle, in its actual
results, and possibly to be eqnalled hereafter by the construction
of the Manchester Ship Canal. The description of an im¬
portant river, even in its natural relation to the topography of
a country with such varied and striking features as the southern
part of Scotland, is always an interesting study, when aided
by reference to the map ; geology, orography, and meteorology,
with regard to the course of streams, the amount of rainfall,
the picturesque and utilitarian conditions of the district, must
also be consulted. Mr. Millar's treatment of these matters is
concise, but sufficiently minute and exact; while his narrative
of the deepening and clearing of the river channel below
Glasgow, the first introduction of steam-boats, the construc¬
tion of docks, and the progress of shipbuilding, marine-engine
making, and other important works on the Clyde, seems toler¬
ably complete. The professional and official position of the
author should be a guarantee for its correctness in all points
of detail.
Jlanh*, Podge*, and Pate*in her Majrtty't Army and Mary.
By Ottley Lane Perry. Captain 2nd Volunteer Battalion Royal
North Lancashire Regiment. Second edition, revised and en¬
larged (W. Clowes anil Sons).—The merits of this nniqne work
of reference, which is the only gnidekhat has ever been prepared
to a complete acquaintance with all naval and military dis¬
tinctions, points of precedence, dates of the formation of
regiments and corps, salutes, marks of rank, colours, heraldry,
honorary mottoes or titles, ornamental bodges, tokens or signs,
both ill the Army and Navy and in the Auxiliary Forces,
the Militia, Yeomanry, and Volunteers, are sufficiently
approved by the very favourable reception that it has already
gained. Captain Ottley Perry, who is known in Lanca¬
shire as a zealous and 'diligent officer of Volunteers,
has bestowed on it an extraordinary amount of laborious
research, and rare skill in packing a countless variety of
precise statements into his copious annotations, but especially
in the arrangement of so vast a mass of minnte details, and in
furnishing the links of citation, from one page to another, by
which related facts are brought together with the least possible
trouble. Ill this respect, we do not scruple to say, after much
experience of statistical and historical compilations, that
“ Ranks, Badges, and Dates" is a very superior literary
achievement; and, granting the quality of the information to
be valuable or desirable, it seems to ns that no compiler has
ever succeeded better in putting all that could be positively
ascertained from a wide and diverse range of inquiries into the
closest array, including many pages of tabular views, and
hundreds of concise notes, in the small compass of a neat
handbook. The new edition, containing about one hundred
additional pages, makes Captain Perry’s work more complete
by giving the Royal Navy distinctions; historical notes
concerning the Board of Ordnance, the Royal Artillery,
with dates of the formation of its Batteries, and the
Royal Engineers, with dates of the Companies ; the
Royal Bodyguards, the disbanded Colonial Regiments, the
Auxiliary Cavalry and Yeomanry, and the Militia, with dates
of formation ; also sundry details of Crown heraldry, and each
matters as changes in regimental facings, and the dress and
badges of musicians and drummers. It should be observed,
however, that the utility of this treatise is not confined to
formalities of mere professional observance, for which use it is
evidently perfect. As a correct record of the campaigns
and battles in which every regiment of the British Army has
served, it is, in part, a compendium of our national military
history, and of our conquests all over the world, that may be
perused with interest by the general reader. We only regret
that the existing official documents relating to the old exploits
of the British Navy are in so imperfect a condition that no
similar precise record of all the ships engaged in some of our
famous sea-battles can now be procured.
Christian Symbolism in Great Pritain and Ireland before
the Thirteenth Century, By J. Romilly Allen, F.S.A., Soot.—
This is the course of the Rhind Lectures in Arehseology for
1885. The author is a careful and painstaking writer, who
has accumulated a valuable mass of materials bearing on his
subject. He first describes early Christian symbolism in
foreign countries, and then points out the influences which
were introduced from abroad into the art of our own islands.
The results of this inquiry shew that the comparative method
is here, as it is in some other branches of study, the only true
one. The early art of this country had some features which
were peculiar to itself; but either from illuminated MSS. or
art objects being brought by ecclesiastics or pilgrims from
abroad, ideas were imported of which we have unmistak¬
able evidence. As an illustration, the Chi-Rho monogram,
better known as the Constantino monogram, may
given. This was common in otir country from the e
of the fourth to the end of the fifth century. The
monogram is understood to be formed of Greek letters,
hence it must have been brought from Rome, where the
Byzantine influence prevailed for some centuries. At a later
date, the Alpha and Omega appears, and with it the Roman
letters I H C—the equivalent of 1 II S—and X It C—this last
appears in some instances on sculptured stones as ype, or in
what a compositor would now call “ lower case letters "—the
Greek monogram of Xri*to*. If monograms could be brought
in and incorporated in the art, it would be quite possible for
other forms of art to he transplanted. One of the most in¬
teresting of the lectures is the one on “Mcdiieval Bestiaries.”
This is quite a new line of inquiry, and the author gives Dr. J.
Anderson the credit of being the first to begin it. It is also a
following up of the comparative method. There are a number
of mediaeval works in existence, called Bestiaries, or Books of
Beasts ; these deal with beasts mentioned in Scripture, but
they also accept all the wonderful and doubtful legends about
them that were current at the time. All this was used as a
means of religions edification, and the various animals, accord¬
ing to their supposed characters, were cither Christ or his
enemy Satan. The result already is that from the study of
these’ Bestiaries some of the quaint groups of animals to tic
found on the Celtic crosses of Ireland and Scotland have been
explained ; and mucli more is to be expected from this line of
inquiry.
Early Christian Art in Ireland. By Margaret Stokes —
This lady’s name is not unknown among archa'ologists; and
her work is more than a mere handbook : it contains a large
amount of knowledge, recorded iii a methodical way. It trouts
metal-work, and of sculpture ; the last chapter is on building
and architecture, which, of course, includes the round towers
first of the old illuminated books, and of the scribes; then or
of Ireland. Lord Dnnraven has traced those towers to Franco,
where some still exist, and the tvjie has been followed
up as far as Ravenna. They were licll-towers; but
they were constructed when the Norsemen began to make
incursions into Ireland, and one purpose they were in¬
tended for was that of towers of refuge. The height
of the doors of these towers above the ground is almost a
complete proof that this was the case. O’Brien and i tin i
writers, who urged a profound symbolical meaning rs
expressed bv these towers, claimed for them an Oriental
origin. As towers of refuge this claim can still lie made
for them, and the Sketches of our Special Artist, Mr. W.
Simpson, in The II hist rated London Aimi three years ago.
showed that towers of refuge are still common in Persia.
Those belong, indeed, to a more primitive style of construction
than the Irish towers, for they are built of mud : but they
tell, like the old Irish towers, of an unsettled state, and of a
country liable to the continued ravaging of a merciless
enemy. Such was Ireland, no doubt, in the ninth century.
’I he antiquarian collection now on view at the Irish Exhibition
in London contains some objects which may be appreciated
the better after reading what Miss .Stokes has written on these
subjects.
A Wnndner'* Aide*. By IV. Beatty-Kingston, author of
“ Music and Manners." “ Monarchs I have Met," Ac. Two vols.
(Chapman and Hall).—'The personal experiences and observa¬
tions of a gentleman who has passed many years, as special
foreign correspondent of the Daily Telegraph, in visiting the
different countries and cities of Europe, often npon occasions
of great political interest, with access to the loaders of liativ ■
society, cannot fail to lie entertaining, 'llies ■ volumes will
preferred by many to those of bis last publication, which were
chiefly filled with accounts of the Sovereigns of Continental
States, the Emperors and Kings and Princes, not forgetting
the Pope, whose manners in public, and their habitual style of
receiving any Englishman admitted to a formal interview,
are pretty well known. Such a lilaze of journalistic illumina¬
tion surrounds the figures of those illustrious personages in
our times, pervading the interior of their courts anil palaces,
and lighting up every stage of royal journeys and progresses,
that curiosity is already satisfied with regard to their ordinary
mode of life. It isonly when, as recently at Berlin and Potsdam,
human sympathies are deeply stirred by events bringing the
most, honoured and esteemed inheritors of the highest rank
within reach of afflictions common to mortality, that
people in general care to learn anything of their domestic
habits. In this new work of Mr. Beatty-Kingston's. on the
contrary, we are glad to find a great deal of more interesting
description of the every-day life of foreign nations, and of all
classes of society. He is not here •• mode) reges at pie tetrarenas,
omnia magna loqnens.” lint frankly and vivaciously portraying
the Germans, the Austrians, the Dutch, the Belgians, the 1 led-
montese, the Romans, the Spaniards, and the Roumanians, ns
he found them at home, folks of all classes—civil, military, and
ecclesiastic, nobles, soldiers, tradesmen, and peasants, 'lhis is
really instructive, as well as highly amusing : and he spares us
the repetition of mere topographical guide-book details con¬
cerning the towns and buildings and galleries of art, which
all Cook's tourists have seen for themselves, if they pleased to
do so. Every piece of description that he gives us is fresh,
original, novel in its effect, usually inclining to tie grotesque
and hnmorous aspect of the scene, from an Englishmans
point of view, though seldom unkind to the foreigners, anil
inspired by a mood of tolerant liberality, which less experienced
travellers might, do well to adopt. There are many things, to
be sure, which he does not admire, and some which he even
denounces in rather forcible language : the dismal, tedious
canal voyages in Holland, with the bad smells from the water,
the ugliness of the people and of their dwellings ; the sea¬
bathing customs in Ostcnd ; the discomfort and negligent
attendance in Viennese snppcr-room and beer-gardens, and
the impudent profligacy of behaviour at masquerade balls ; the
gambling, in former years, at some German spas ; the bad
performances at certain theatres ; the inconvenient railway
arrangements, and the vexatious Custom - house official
practices ; the neglect of washing, the bad taste in dressing,
the rowdiness and boorishness of this or that section oi
mankind. On the other hand, he bestows unstinted praise on
what seems to him commendable in foreign institutions ; and
his account, especially, of the organisation, discipline, ant
spirit of the Prussian army, and of the Berlin battalion ot
Landwehr. at whose officers’ mess he dined, is in the highest
terms of commendation. Among the notable incidents related
with some particularity is the opening, in 1871. of the
ingenious Fell railway over Mont Cenis. superseded after three
years by the Mont Cenis Tunnel. The Spanish Revolution ot
1868, when General Prim was Dictator, the condition of 1 apa
Rome in 1870. the last year of the Pope’s temporal power, olid
the persecution of the Jews Ill Romnnnia in 1871, arc likew ise
events of contemporary importance which led Mr. Leatt.'-
Kingston to visit the scene of action. But politics do no
form the staple of these pleasant volumes, which, thoug i
extremely discursive, with sudden and swift transitions fioiu
one place and time to another, yield a large amount o
information, such as could be furnished only by a clever man
of the world, “qui mores hominum multorum viditet nrbes.
The illustrated London news, jnr 7 , lsas .—11
DRAWS HY A. FOKESTIF.R.
In hin hand he carried hit hit
FOR faith and freedom.*
1»Y WALTER BESANT,
Adtiiuu or “ lx.uoTxr Piumimi," »cmu.Hini (Iihrov "
Tim »«v»LT or *«,» •• KvrinuiMi Km.**," rrc
CHAPTER I.
PARBWKI.L SUNDAY.
v!' <l " u 1 A V |rllst ” 11 ' 2 ' lrd ' in 1llc ypnrof ffnirc
"■lliiiB ll lul ulor ni Xl 'if ! o k , an ' 1 P 1 " 01 ")-. with the artillery ot
and vdudJ!oi^r>. ldfu V’ ,,!, ! ,M of Kphtniup, „n<l drivinffi.il
tlmt duy wuu i5.^ y w ^ 1 1,11,1 lu >' low tlu: ‘-am. For on
y wa» done u thlu K whn h flll«l the whole country with
% AU Highl$ Iltserwd.
. . . . lie side him tattled mg mother, hohlimj in her hand my brother 1)nnialnj, then three yearn of aye.
grief, mul bon? bitter fruit, in after yours, of revenue and
rebel]ion. Bemuse it was the clay before that formerly named
niter Bartholomew, the disciple, it hath been ealled the Jihe k
Bartholomew of Kurland, thus being likened unto that
famous day (upproved by the Pope) when the Freneh Pro*
testantH were troachinmsly massacred l»y their King. It
should rather be called “Farewell Sunday,” or “ Kxile
Sunday,” for on that day two thousand godly ministers
wenched their last sermon in the churches when* they
md laboured worthily and witli pood fruit, some during the
time of the Protector, and some oven longer, because
among them were a few who possessed their bonetiees even from
the time of the late King Charles the First. And, since on that
day two thousand ministers left their churches and their houses,
and laid down their worldly wealth for conscience’ sake, then;
were also, perhaps, as many wives who went with them, and,
1 dare say, three or four times as many innocent and helpless
babes. And, further (it is said that the time was fixed by
design and deliberate nialiee of our enemies), the ministers
were ealled u)ton to make their choice only a week or two
before the day of the eolleetion of their tithes. In other
words, they were sent forth to the world at the season when
their purses wore at the leanest; indeed, with most country
clergymen, their purses shortly before the collection of tithe*
have iHM-oine wcllnigh empty. It was also unjust that their
successors should 1 m* permitted to collect the tithes due to
those who Wert* ejected.
It in titling to begin this history with the Black Bartholomew,
12
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 7, lfWS
because all the troubles and adventures which afterwards
befell us were surely caused by that accursed day. One knows
not, certainly, what other rubs might have been ordained for
us by a wise Providence (always with the merciful design of
keeping before our eyes the’ vanity of worldly things, the
instability of fortune, the uncertainty of life, and the wisdom
of looking for a hereafter which shall be lasting, stable, and
satisfying to the soul). Still, it must be confessed, such trials
a - were appointed unto us were, in severity and continuance,
far beyond those appointed to the ordinary sort, so that I
cannot but feel at times uplifted (I hope not sinfully) at having
been called upon to endure so much. Let me not, however, be
proud. Had it not been for this day, for, certain, our boys
would not have been tempted tostri e'u blow—vain uud useless
as it prov, <1—for the Protestant religion and for liberty of <ou-
seiencc: while perhaps I should now be forbidden to relate our
s'offerings, were it not for the glorious Revolution which has
rc.-tored toleration, secured the Protestant ascendancy, and
driv. n into banishment a Prince, concerning whom all holiest
men pi ay that lie and liis soil (if he have, indeed, n son of liis
own; limy never again have authority over this realm.
This Sunday, 1 say, should lmvc wept tears of mill over the
havoc which it witnessed; yet it was fine and elenr, the sun
riding in splendour, and a worm summer uir blowing among
the orchards and over the hills and around the village of
Bradford tIrens, in tile shire of Somerset. The wheat (for the
.-cason was late) stood gold-coloured ill the fields, ready at last
for the reaper: the light breeze bent down the ears o that
they sliowul like waves over which the parsing clouds make
light and shade ; the apples in the orchards were red and
yellow and nearly ripe for the press; iu Hie gardens of the
Manor House, hard by the church, the suu-tlowers and the
hollyhocks were at their tallest and their best; the Yellow
roses oil the wall were still in clusters; the sweet-peas hung
with langles of vine and flower upon their italks; the
bachelors’ buttons, the sweet mignonette, the nasturtium, the
gilly-flowers and stocks, the sweet-williams and the pansies,
offered their late summer blossoms to the hot sun among th -
lavender, thyme, parsley, sage, feverfew and vervain of mv Lady’s
garden. Oh ! 1 know how it all looked, though I was then
as yet unborn. How many times have I stood in the church¬
yard mid watched the lame scene at the same sweet season.’
On a week-day one hears the thumping and the groaning of
the mill below the church ; there nre the voices of the men
at work—the vo-hoiug of the boys who drive; und the
huubeiiug of the carts. Yon can even hear the spinning-wheels
at work in the cottages. On Sunday morning everything is
still, save for the warbling of the winged tribe in the wood,
the cooing of the doves in the cote, the clucking of the liens,
the grunting of the pigs, and the droning of the bees. These
filings disturb not the meditations of one who is accustomed to
them.
At eight o'clock iu the morning, the Sexton, an ancient
man nnd rheumatic, hobbled slowly through the village, key
ill hand, i.nd opened the church-door. Then lie went into
the tower mid rang the first hell. I suppose this bell is
designed to hurry housewives with their morniug work, mid to
admonish the men that they incline their hearts to a spiritual
disposition. This done, the Sexton set open the doors of th e
pews, swept out the Squire's and the Hector's in tile chancel,
dusted the cushions of the pulpit (the reading-desk at this time
wat not used), opened the clasps of the great Bible, and swept
down the aisle : as he had done Sunday after Sunday for fifty
years. When lie had thus made the church ready for the day's
service, lie went into the vestry, which had only been used
since the establishment of the Commonwealth for the registers
of birth, deatli, and marriage.
At one side of the vestry stood an aneiiiit, black oak
coffer, tlie sides curiously graven, und a great rusty key in Hie
lock. The Sexton turned the kev with difflcultv, threw- open
the lid, nnd looked in.
“ Ay,” he said, chuckling, “ the old surplice and the old
Book of Common l'niyer. Te hnve lmd a long rest; 'tis time
for both to come out again. When the surplice is out the book
will stay no longer locked up. These two go in and out
together. I mind me, now ”-—- Here he sat down, and his
thoughts wandered for a space ; perhaps lie saw liimsclf once
more a boy running in the fields, or a young mail courting a
maid. Presently lie returned to the task before him, and
drew forth an old nnd yellow roll which lie shook out. It was
the surplice which had once been white. “ Here yon be.” he
said. ” I'at you away for a matter of twelve year and more and
you bide your time ; you know you will come back again; you
are not in any hurry. Even the Sexton dies ; but you die not, you
bide your time. Every tiling comes again. The old woman
shall give you n taste o’ the suds nnd the hot iron. Thus we
go up mul thus we go down.” He put back the surplice and
took out the great Book of Common Prayer—musty and damp
after twelve years’ imprisonment. “ Fie ! ” he said, ” thy
leather is parting from the boards, and thy leaves they do stick
together. Shalt have a pot of paste, and then lie ill tlie sun
before thou guest back to the desk. Whether 'tis Muss or
Common Prayer, whether ’tis Independent or Presbyterian,
folk mini still die and be buried—ay, nnd married nnd born—
whatever they do say. Parson goes and Preacher comes;
Preacher goes and Parson comes; hut Sexton stays ”--. He
chuckled again, put back the surplice and the book, and locked
the coffer.
Then he slowly went down the church and came out of tlie
porch, blinking ill the sun nnd shading liis old eyes. He sat
down upon the flat stones of tlie olderots, and presently nodded
liis head and dropped off asleep.
This was a strange indifference in the man. A great and
truly notable thing was to be accomplished that day. But lie
cared nothings. Two thousand godly and learned men were to
go fortli into poverty for liberty of conscience— this mail’s
own minister win one of them. He cured nothing. Tlie
King was sowing the seed from which should spring a rod to
drive fortli liis successor from the kingdom, iu tlie village
the common sort were not moved. Nothing concerns the
village folk but the weather and the marke t prices. As for
the good .Sexton, he was very old : lie lind seen the Church of
England displaced bv the Presbyterians ancl the Presbyterians
by the Independents, and now these were again to be sup¬
planted by the Church of England. He laid been Sexton
through all these changes. He heeded them not; why, his
father, Sexton before him. could remember when tlie Mass was
said in tlie church nncl the Virgin was worshipped, and the
folk were driven like sheep to confession. All the time the
people went on being horn, and marrying, and dying. Creed
doth not. truly, affect these tilings nor the Sexton’s work.
Therefore', this old gaffer, having made sure that the surplice
was ill the place where it laid lain undisturbed for a dozen
years, and n numbering that it must be washed and ironed
"for file following Sunday, sat down to bask iu the sun, liis
mind at rest, mid dropped off into a gentle sleep.
At ten o’clock the hell-ringers came tramping up the stone
steps from the road, ancl tlie Sexton woke up. At ten they
use to begin their chimes, but at the hour they ring for five
minutes only, ending with the clash of all five bells together.
At a quarter past ten they chime again, for the service, which
hcebis at half-past ten.
At the sound of these chimes the whole village begins to
move slowly towards the church. First come tlie children,
the bigger ones leading those who arc- little by the hand; the
hoys come next, bnt unwillingly, because the Sexton is diligent
with liis cane, and some of those who now go up the steps to
the church will come down with smarting hacks,.the re ward of
lliose who play or laugh during the service. Then come the
young men, who stand about the churchyard and whisper to
eai It other. After them follow the elders and tlie married men,
with tlie women ancl the girls. Five minutes before the half
hour the ringers change the c hime for n single lull. Then those
who are outside gather in the porch and wait for tlie Quality.
When the single bell began, there came forth from the
Rectory the Rector himself, Mr. Comfort Eykin, Doctor < f
Divinity, who was this clay to deliver liis soul and lay clown his
charge. He wore the black gown and Geneva bands, for tlie
use of which he contended. At this time lie was a young mail
of thirty—tall and thin. He stooped ill the shoulders beaus-
lie was Continually reading; liis face was grave and austere:
liis nose thin nnd aquiline; his eyes bright—never was any
man with brighter eyes than my'father; his hair, which l.o
wore long, was brovvn and curly: his forehead high, rather
than broad; his lips were firm. In these days, as my motIn r
hath told me, and as I well believe, he was n man of singular
comeliness, concerning which he eared nothing. Always from
childhood upwards he lmd been grave in -onversntion ami
seriously inclined ill mind. If I think of my father as a bov
(no one ever seems to think that liis father was once a hoy), I
am fain to compare him with Humphrey, save for certain
bodiiy defects, my father having been like a Driest of the Altar
for liodily perfection. That is to sav, I am sure- that, like
Humphrey, ho lmd no need of rod or ferule to make him leant
his lessons, nncl. like that dear and fond friend of my childhood,
he would willingly sit in a comer nnd read a book while the
other boys played and wi nt a-lumting or a-iiesting. Ancl very
early in life lie was smitten with the conviction of sin, and
blessed with sueli an inward assurance of salvation ns made
him afterwards steadfast in nil afliii tions.
He was not a native of this country, having been born in
New England. He enme over, being then eighteen years of
age, to study at Oxford. Hint university being purgi-cl of
mnlignants (as they were then culled', ancl, at the time,
entirely in the hands of the godly. He was entered of
Balliol College, of which Society he became a Fellow, mid
was greatly esteemed for his learning, wherein he excelled
most of the scholars of his time. He knew nud could
read Hebrew, Chaldee, and the ancient Syriac, as well as
Imtin and Greek. Of modem languages lie had acquired
Arabic, by the help of which lie read the book which is
called the’ Koran of the* False Prophet Mohammed: French
nud Italian lie also knew and could read easily. As for
liis opinions, he was an Independent, and that not meekly
or with hesitation, but with such zi al and vehemence that lie
considered all who differed from him as his private enemies -
nay, the very enemies of God. For this reason, and because
his personal habits were too austere for those who attained not
to liis spiritual height, he was more feared than loved. Yet
liis party looked upon him as one of their greatest and stoutest
champions.
He left Oxford at tlie age of five or six ancl twenty, and
accepted the living of Bradford Ort as, offered him bv Sir
Christopher Clinllis of that place. Here lie had preached for
six years, looking forward to nothing else than to remain tlu-re-,
advancing iu grace and wisdom, until tlie end of his days.
So much was ordered, indeed, for him ; but not quite as lie
had designed. Let no man suy that he knmvctli the future,
or that he can shape out liis destiny. You shall hear presently
how Benjamin arrogantly resolved that Ills future should he
what lie chose : and what came of that impious resolution.
My father’s face was always austere ; this morning, it was
more serious and sterner than customary, because the day was
to him tlie most important iu his life', ancl he was about to pass
from a condition of plenty (tlie Rectory of Bradford < Ircas is
not rich, but it affords a sufficiency) to one of penury. Those
who knew him, however, had no doubt of the course lie was
about to take. Even tlie rustics knew that their minister
would never consent to wear a surplice or to read the Book of
Common Prayer, or to keep holy days—you have seen how the
Sexton opened the box nnd took out the surplice ; yet my
father had said nothing to him concerning liis intentions.
Ill liis hand lie carried his Bible- ids own copy, I have it
still, the margins covered with notes in his writing—Imunil iu
black leather, worn by constant handling, with brass clasps.
Upon his lieud lie had a plain black silk cap, which he wore
constantly in liis study and nt meals to keep off draughts.
Indeed, I loved to see ldni with the silk cap rather than witli
his tall steeple hat, with neither ribbon nor ornament of any
kind, iu which he rode when he afterwards went about Hu-
country to break the law in exhorting and praying with liis
friends.
Beside him walked my mother, holding in her hand her
boy, my brother Baniaby, then three years of age. As Inl¬
ine, I was not yet bom.' She had been weeping; her eyes
were red and swollen with tears; but when she entered the
church she wept no more, bravely listening to tlie words whii li
condemned to poverty and hardship herself and lier children,
if any more should be bom to her. Alas, poor soul! What
had she done that this affliction should befall her I- W’lint had
herinnocent boy done? Fur upon her—not upon her husband —
would fall the heavy burden of poverty, mul on her children
the loss. Yet never by a single word of complaint did she
make her husband sorry that he lind obeyed the voice of
conscience, even when there was nothing left in the house, not
so much as the widow’s erase of oil. Alas, poor mother,
once so free from care I what sorrow and anxiety wert Hum
destined to endure, for the tender conscience of thy husband I
At the same time—namely, at the ringing of the single
bell—there came forth from the Manor House hard by the
church, his Honour, Sir Christopher, with liis family. ’I'll >
worthy knight was then about fifty years of age, tall and hand¬
some still—in his later years there was something of a heavenly
sweetness in liis face, created. I doubt not, by a long life of
pious thoughts and worthy deeds. His hair was streaked
with grey, but not yet white ; he wore a lxanl of the kind
called stiletto, which was even then an ancient fashion, and
lie was dressed more- soberly than is common with gentlemen
of his rank, having no feather in liis hut, hut n simple ribbon
round it, nnd though liis ruffles were of lace and the kerchief
round liis neck was lace, the colour of his coat was plain
brown. He leaned upon a gokl-lieaded erne on account
of an ol-.l wound (it was inflicted by a Cavalier’s musket-
bull will'll hi' was n Captain iu the army of Lord Essex).
Tlie wound left liim somewhat lame, yet not so lame but
that he could very well walk about his fields and could
ride liis horse, nnd even hunt with the otter-hound*. By
Ills side walked Madam, his wife. After him inme liis son,
Humphrey, newly married, and with Humphrey his wife;
nnd last enme ills son-in-law, the Reverend I’liilip Boseorel,
M.A., lute Fellow of All Souls’ College, Oxford, also newly
married, with his wife, Sir Christopher’s daughter, Ratiencc.
M r. Boseorel, like my father, was at that time thirty years of
age. Like him, too, his fuce was comely nnd his features fine;
yet they lacked the fire- and the earnestness which mnrki il my
father. And ill his silken cassock, liis small white lmmls. liis
lace ruffles, und liis dainty walk, it seemed ns if Mr. Busi-mci
thought himself above the common run of mankind und of
superior clay. ’Tis sometimes the way with scholars and H.ti.r
who survey the world from the eminence of u libruiy.
Sir Christopher's face was full of concern, liccuuse lie loved
the voting mail who was this day to throw away Ills livelihood ;
und" although lie was ready himself to worship after the
manner prescribed bv law. liis opinions were rather Inde¬
pendent Hum Episcopalian. As for Mr. Boscon l, who was
about to succeed to the ejected minister, liis face wore no
look of triumph, which would have Ix-cn ungi nrroi.s. Me was
ob.-erved, indeed, after lie bat silently gone ihvniigh the
Sirvice of the day with tlie help of the Common I’layi r-liook,
to listen diligently unto the preacher.
The people, I have already said, kn-iv already what was
about to happen. lYrhaps some of tie m inn I think in tj
possessed a copy of tie old IToycr-l oak. Tin-, lley blow,
was to be restored, with the surplice, and the oli-, nam e of
Holy days, Feasts, mid Fasts, and the kneeling at lit ■ adminis¬
tration of the Holy Communion. I Ittr p. oplc arc i niltsitu n as
much as they are rustics : t very week the luastir clothiers’
men drive their pak leases into the village huh n with wool, and
return tvitliyarn; tin y are not, tln ivfi r . so brutish and sluggish
as most country folk; yit they made no inifwaid -l.ou of
earing whether Rn-lucy or Indepi liih u. c was to have the
sivnv. lYrhaps the abstruse doctrines u hiili my up hi r loved to
discuss were too high for them : perhaps I i iiu.-l. t ty was too
strict for them, so that he was not la baud by them. l’i fit p.,
even, they would lure eared little if they had heard that
Bishop Bonner himself was mining back. Religion. to ciuiutiy
folk. mentis, mostly, the going to church on Sunday lutun.ng.
That done, man's service of l’niyer and I’nti-e t j Ins t r aim- is
also done. If the form he i-hanged the chon ti remains, and
the churchyard; one shephetd followeth another, but the Hoik is
always the same. Revolutions overthrow kings, mat semi
great heads to tin* block; but the village ho (h 1 h - v
unless civil war pass that wav. To com
cnee ? The sky and thy fields i
Mary they are l’apists: undi
Rintestants. They have the R
anil King Charles : under Oliver
and Independent ; now they ho
and the surplice again. Yet tin
tell the same stories, and, so f:
tilings viz., that Christ .Jesus
who trill v believes in 11 in
folk, wind dille
niiehangi d. Ruder Qun
pa ell Elizabeth they a
er Book under King dan.
■v have hail tlie Rr,'-Lytcrii
tlie Bonk of (‘oinmon Rrav
cumin the same people, ai
is I know, believe the si n
ves the soul
if it
in
It he takes lmt little lb
patient bia-t whoa
immortal soul- concerning whi
the rustic might be likcind toil
luimessetli to his plough nnd to Ins tnnoK-i art. lie e
no more : lie works a~ hard : he is as long-enduring :
nud his thought* tiro as much bound by the hedge, t
and the field : he thinks and invents and advauei s l
Were it not, I say, for tile < ‘lunch, lie would lake as lii
of anything a- 111- OX nr in- ass; liis village would hci
eountry; liis squire would become his king - : Hie
village would become the camp of an enemy; and h
full into the condition of the Ancient Briton winl
sir found every tribe fighting aga:
hi
.filial
I talk as a fi
soul of the rustic a spark wtiii
up and bum fii ready within him. I lid
monk, called lYter the Hermit, drew tlm
ate. credulous per.-ons from their hone :
united with scythes and pikes, amiss Li
-i reddy pi 1-ish
there falls upon the 0 rpid
y Hat
r. ad how
oils of pm
d led thei
e to the I
a to him
a Minor, win
of Jack Cade, and how
crying aloud for justice or death. And I iny.-ilt have
these sluggish spirits smith lily fir il with a .-piiit w
nothing could subdue. Tlie sleeping soul I have seen
deitly starting into life: strength and swiftness Imre 1
suddenly put into sluggish limbs : light and lire have I
gleaming suddenly iu dull uud heavy cvi s. I lit 1 it w
miracle: hut I have sent it. And having seen it. I i at
despise these lads of tlie plough, these honest Isiys of Suita i
nor can I endure to In ar tin in laughed nt or contemned.
Bradford Oivas. iu the Hundred of Hotctlioriie. Sumcr-er,
is a village so far fr.an the gr. at towns, that one would think a
minister might have gone on praying and preaching aft r hi-
own faslitou without rwr h. iag discovered. Bui Hie atm cf
the Iatw is long.
The nearest town is Sherborne, in Dorsetshire, to which
flare is it bridle-path aero-.- the fields : it is the market-town
for the villages round it. Bradford t Irens is an i>b«w
little village, with no liisti ry and no antiquities, it stands iu
the south-eastern eorin r of the county, close to the we-c ru
declivity of tlie I 'oftI'll Hills, which here sweep round so a- l<>
form a valley, in which the village is Imilt along the ' auks "I
a stream. The houses are for the mo-t part of sua e, with
tliatehed reofs, as is the eustoiu in our eountry ; the -lopes of
flic hills are covered with trees, and round the village
stand goodly orchards, tic eider from which cannot he sur¬
passed. As for the land, but III!ie of it is arable : Hie groan r
part is a sandy loam or stone brash. The chur.li. which in
the superstitious days was dedicated to St. Nicolas, is 1m It
upon a hillock, a rising ground in the west of the village.
Tltis building of churches upon hillocks is a common custom in
our parts, and sccnicth laudable, because a church should stand
where it can lie sielt by all the people, and by its presence
remind tin in of Death and of the Judgment. This practice
doth obtain, for example, at Sherborne, where ill re is a
very noble church, and at lltiisli Kpiscopi and at many other
places iu our county. Our church is lair and rnniinoilinus,
not too large for the ei ligregation. having in the west a stone
tower embattled, and it nsi.-ting of a nave and chant el with a
very fine roof of carved woodwork. There is an am ient yew -
tree in the churchyard, from which in old times bows wi r • cut;
some of the hows yet hang in the great hall of the Manor
House. Among the grnvi s is nu ancient stone cross, put up
no mail knows when, standing in a six-sided slab of -ft i.e. bat
the top was broken off at the tilin' of the Reformat Ion : two or
three tombs are in the churchyard, and the re .t is covered with
mounds, beneath which lie I lie bones and du.-t of former
generations.
Close to tlie churchyard, and at the north-east corner, is the
Manor House, as large as tlie church itself, lmt m t so ancient.
It was built in tlie reign of Henry VII. A broad arched gate¬
way leads into a court, wherein is the entrance to the house.
Over the gateway is a kind of tower, but not detached from
the house. Ill tlie wall of the tower is a panel, lozenge shaped,
in which are earn d the arms of tlie (Tmllis family. The holts;
is stately, with many gables, and in each urc easement window s
set ill richly-carved stone trneeiy. As for tlie rooms withal
the house, I will speak of them hereafter. At present I have the
churchyard in mv mind. There is no place upon the lartli
which more I love. To stand ill the long grass among H'O
graves; to gaze upon tlie wooded hills beyond, the orchards,
the lilt allows, tile old house, tlie venerable church, tlie yew-
tree : to listen to the murmur of the stream beiotv and H"’
singing of the la k ab ive ; to feel the fresh breeze upon niy
JULY 7, 1SWS
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDOX NEWS
1
t,
Iivi
|ir I
11,o,'k—oil: I do this daily. It makvs me fed young once
more : it brings buck the days when I stood here with the
and when Sir Christopher would lean over the wall and
discourse with us gravely and sweetly upon tile love of God
and tho fleeting joys of earth (which yet, he said, we should
accept and be happy withal in thankfulness), and the happi¬
ness unspeakable that awaiteth the Lord s saints. Or, if my
thoughts continue in the past, the graveyard brings back the
presence and the voice of Mr. Iloseorel.
“In such a spot as this.” he would say, speaking softly
and slowly, “ the pastoral • of Virgil or Theocritus might have
Peon written. Here would the shepherds hold their contests.
Certainly they could find no place, even in sunny Sicily or at
Mantua’itsi If, where (save lor three months in the year) the
air is more delightful. Here, they need not to avoid the
burning licit of a sun which gently warms, but never bums ;
lu re they would find the shade of the grove pleasant in the
soft summer season. Innocent lambs instead of kids (which
are tasteless) play incur meadows ; the cider which we drink
is, I take it, move pleasing to the pulutc than was their wine
flavoured with turpentine. And our viols, violins, and spinets
are instruments more delightful than the oaten pipe, or the
cithara itself.” Then would he wave his hand, and quote
some poet in praise of a country life—
There is no man hut may make his pa ratline,
And it is nothin# but hw love and dotupc
Vpon tho -world’s foul joys that keeps him out on *t.
For he that lives retired m miud and spirit
Is still in Paradise.
“ But, child,” he would aid, with a sigh, “one may not
always wish to bo in Paradise. Hie world’s joys lie else¬
where. Only, when youth is pone—then Paradise is best.”
The service began after the manner of the Independents,
with a Ion# prayer, during which the people sat. Air. Bos.orel,
os I have said, went through his own service in silence, the
Book of C ommon Prayer in his hand. After the prayer, the
niiiiist, r read a portion of Scripture, which he expounded at
length and with grant learning. Then the congregation sang
that IValm which begins—
Triumphing songs with glorious tongues
l.ct's offer unto Him.
This done, the Hector ascended the pulpit for the last
tiingave out his text, turned his hour-glass, and b.'gun his
sermon.
He took for his text those verses in St. Paul’s second epistle
to the Corinthians, vi , 3-10, in which the Apostle speaks of
h s own ministry as if he was actually predicting the tribu¬
lation which was to fall upon these faithful preachers of a
later time—“ In much patience, in affliction, in necessities, in
distresses, in stripes, in imprisonments, in tumults, in labour,
in watchings, in fastings,"—could not the very words be
applied to niy father
He real the text three times, so that everybody might
fully understand the subject upon which he was to preach—
namely, the faithfulness required of a minister of the gospel.
1 need not set down the arguments lie used or the le usons he
gave for liis resolution not to conform with the Act of Uni¬
formity. The rustics sat patiently listening, until no outward
sign of assent or of sympathy. But their conduct afterward#
proved abundantly to which side their minds inclined.
It behoves us all to listen with respect when scholars and
wis.* men inquire into the reasons of things. Yet the preach¬
ings and expositions which such as my father bestowed upon
tli'ir flocks did certainly awaken men’s minds to consider by
themselves the tilings which many think too high for them.
It is a habit which may lead t > the foundation of false and
pernicious sects. Aud it certainly is r.ot good that men should
preach the doctrines of the Anabaptbts, the Fifth Monarchy
men. or the Quakers. Yet it is bett r that some should be
de.vived than that all should be s’avcs. I have been assured
by one—I mean Humphrey—who hath travelled, that in those
countries where the priest takefh upon himself the religion of
the people, so that, they think to be saved by attending
m im>, l»y fasting, confession, penance, and so forth, not only
do -s religion itself become formal, mechanical, and inanimate,
liar in tie-very daily concerns mui business of life men grow
slothful and lack spirit. Their religion, which is the very
heat of the body, the sustaining and vital force of all man’s
actions, is cold and dead. Therefore, all the virtues are cold
ul»o, and with them the courage and the spirit of the people.
Thus it is that Italy hath fallen aside into so many small and
divided kingdoms. And for this reason, Spain, in the opinion
of those who know her best, is now falling rapidly into decay.
I am well assured, by those who can remember, that the
intelligence of the village-folk greatly increased during the
period when they were encouraged to search the Scriptures
tor themselves. Many taught themselves to read, others had
tli' ir children taught/in order that they might read or hear,
duly, portions of the Scriptures. It is now thirty years since
Authority resumed the rule: the village-folk have again
b'romc, to outward seeming, sheep who obey without ques-
toniug. Yet it is oh erved that when they are within reach
<*t u town-that is to say, of a meeting-house—they willingly
t‘ f the a--nice in the afternoon and evening.
It was with the following brave words that my father con¬
cluded his discourse-
“ Seeing, therefore, my brethren, how clear is the. Word of
(, 'od on these points: and considering that we must always
ulny (iod rather than man; and observing that here wc
plainly see the finger of God pointing to disobedience and its
consequence?;, I am constrained to disobey. The comcquence
will be to mo that I shall stand in this place no more: to you,
tint you will have a stranger in your church. I pray that he
any be a godlv person, able to divide the Word, learned and
a n ptablc.
“As for me, I must go forth, perhaps from among you
altogether. If persecutions arise, it may behove me and mine
to seek again that land beyond the seas whither my fathers
tied for the sake of religious liberty. Whatever happens, I
»iu*t fain preach the gospel. It is*laid upon me to preach.
l am silent, it will bo as if Death itself laid fallen upon me.
. v brethren, there have been times and those times may
return —when the Elect have lmd to meet, secretly, on the
Hues of barren hills and in the heart of the forest, to pray
far ther and to hear the Word. 1 say that these times may
jvtijm. If they do, you will find me willing, 1 hope and pray,
!? ! >1UV ° f°r von the worst that our enemies can devise,
j crimps, however, this tyranny may pu>s over. Already the
p !! i i 1 1,( ‘bicved one great deliverance for this ancient
v .‘l .V ■* l ‘ r * ,a P s ‘mother may be in His secret purposes when
-/-ye been chastened, as, for our many sins, we richly deserve.
bet her in affliction or in prosperity, let us always say, ‘The
bord s mime be praised ! ’
*^ olv * therefore, for the sand is running low and I may not
v, i| ry the young and the impatient, let me < onelude. Farewell,
Sabbaths! Farewell, the sweet expound ng of the
, • Farewell, sweet pulpitFarewell, sweet fares of the
vi* , l, ‘h l have yearned to pie. cut pure and washed clean
n ! ,,rc my Throne I My brethren, I go about, henceforth, as
*irn 0{ i 1 Brooded; another man will fill this pulpit; our
®*apie form of worship is gone; the Prayer-book and the
urphcc have come back again. Pray God we see not
Confession, Penance, the Mass, the Inquisition, the enslavement
of conscience, the stake, and the martyr’s axe ! ”
Then he paused aud bowed his head, and everybody
thought that he had finished.
He had not. He raised it again, and threw out his arms
and shouted aloud, while his eyes glowed like fire:
“ Aw ! I will not be silent. I will not. I am sent into
the world to preach the gospel. I have no other business. I
must proclaim the Word as I hope for everlasting life.
Brethren, we shall meet again. In the woods and on the hills
we shall find a Temple; there are houses where two or three
may be gathered together, the Lord Himself being in their
midst. Never doubt that I am ready, in season and out of
season, whatever be the Law, to preach the gospel of the
Lord!”
He ended, and straightway descended the pulpit stair, and
stalked mt of the church, the people looking after him with
awe and wonder. But Air. Boscorel smiled and wagged his
head, with a kind of pity.
(To be continued.)
THE NEW GERMAN EMPEROR.
The scene in the White Saloon of the Old Schloss or Royal
Palace at Berlin, on Monday, June'25, when the new and
young German Emperor, William II., King of Prussia, opened
a Session of the Imperial Reichstag or Diet, was one of im¬
posing pomp. His Imperial and Royal Majesty, wearing the
crimson velvet mantle of the Order of the Black Eagle, with a
military uniform and helmet, was seated on a dais three
steps high, carpeted with purple velvet, and overeanopied
by a golden baldachin, emblazoned with black Imperial eagles.
On his left were the Federal Council, headed by Prince
Bismarck; in front of him were the representatives of the
German nation ; on his right, two steps above the floor,
sat all the chief German Sovereigns and the members of
tho Prussian Royal House: behind them, a little higher,
was a seat, for the Empress next the throne; and there were
places for the other Princesses, all in deep mourning. The
Empress was holding by the hand the little blond-haired
Crown Prince, evidently astonished at all this pageantry.
There was a crowd of Ministers and Generals behind and on
each side of the throne, holding the insignia of rule and the
symbols of Imperial power—the sword" of the realm, the
ball of rule, the sceptre, and the banner of the realm,
upborne by old Field-Marshal Yon Blumenthal, flanked by
two Generals with drawn swords, and supported by
Count Aloltke with his Marshal's baton in his band.
Most of these dignitaries were robed in their crimson
velvet mantles of the Black Eagle. The list of German
reigning Sovereigns includes the King of Saxony, the Prince
Regent of Bavaria, the King of Wiirtemberg (represented by
the heir-apparent), the Grand Dukes of Baden, Hesse, Olden¬
burg, Aleeklenburg-Strelitz and Mecklenburg-Schwerin, the
rulers and Princes of Saxe-Meiningen, Scbwarzburg-Rudolstadt
and Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-
Altenburg, Anhalt, Reuss, Waldeck-Pyrmont, Schaumburg-
Lippe, Lippe-Detinold, ar.d others—all, like the Emperor,
wearing their plumed helmets and their Black Eagle mantles.
The Emperor received from Prince Bismarck, the Imperial
Chancellor, a written copy of the speech to be read from tho
throne, and proceeded to read it in a firm and emphatic tone.
The purport of this speech was reported last week ; a loyal
Address in reply has been voted by the Reichstag, and the
Session has been adjourned.
Besides an Illustration of the scene at the opening of the
Reichstag in Berlin, we present a View of the Marble Palace
at Potsdam, in which the new Emperor and Empress have
taken up their abode. It is situated beyond the Xauener
suburb, in the “New Garden” on the banks of a small lake
called the Heilige See, north-east of the town. The palace,
built in 1787 by King Frederick William II., in the Dutch
style, stands at the water’s edge : its entrance hall is adorned
with fresco paintings of scenes from the Xibelungcn legend,
and landscapes of the Rhineland. The park is very pretty,
and contains summer-houses, grottoes, a hermitage, and
beautiful groups of trees.
The Queen has approved of the nomination of Mr. Herbert
Davies Eveins, of Highmead, to he Lord Lieutenant of the
county of Cardigan, in the place of the late Colonel Edward
Lewis Pryse.
The festival dinner of the Newsvendors’ Benevolent and
Provident Institution was held at Cannon-street Hotel, on
July 4, when Viscount Lymington, M.P., presided, and a dis¬
tinguished company of ladies and gentlemen were present.
The ninetieth anniversary festival of the Royal Masonic
Institution for Boys was held on June 27 at Freemasons* Hall,
Viscount Ebrington, M.P., Provincial Grand Master of Devon¬
shire, being in the chair. The subscriptions amounted to
£80fi0, of which amount London contributed £418<>.
The Incorporated Society cf Authors, of which Lord
Tennyson is the president, have resolved to invite Mr. Lowell
and as many other American men of letters as may be in
England to a public dinner, in recognition of their distin¬
guished and persevering efforts on behalf of international
copyright. The date fixed is Wednesday, July 25.
POSTAGE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
JULY 7, 1888.
Sittocribers will please to notice that copies of this week's mmiber forwarded
abroad must Ite prepaid acooidhm lo the following rates To Canada,
I'uiKsI States of America, and the whole of Europe. Thick Edition,
Tiro/i'no -W/jwiiii?/ ; Thin KniTlox, One Pen nil. To Australia. Brazil,
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New Zealand. Thick Edition. Thne^u-nvc ; Thin Edition, One /Viintj.
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Newspapers for foreign |«irts must lie posted within eight Jars of the
date of publication. Irreqieciivc of the departure ot the mails.
.Vine llcady—Svrond Edition of
MR. RIDER HAGGARD'S NEW STORY,
“MR. MEESON’S WILL,”
EXTRA SUMMER NUMBER
ILLUSTRATED ^LONDON NEWS.
Fall]. Illustrated b r A. FOKF.STIER n« G. MOXTBARD.
TWO PRESENTATION PICTURES
nr COX.OTOB,
■LOVE ME, LOVE ME NOT," AXD “A TIFF."
ONE SHILLING. By Inland Parcel Poet, 1,. 3d.
Itis, Strand, London; aud of all Booksellers and Newsagents.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
ra. e -r ill i ( « ted ^ Bfr - '■ ! 8S3 ). with a codicil (dated April 27..
188»), of Mr. Fleetwood Pellew Wilson. J.P., D.L. late of
Iso. 30, Portman-square, and of Wappingbam Manor. Northamp¬
tonshire, who died on April 24 last, at Boscombe, near Bourne¬
mouth, was proved on June 21, by Charles Colin .Macrae, and
Thomas Ranmc Grant, two of the executors, the value ot the
personal estate in the United Kingdom amounting to upwards
of £2(19,000. The testator devises his freehold house in Port-
man-square to his daughter, Miss Frances Wilson ; and he
bequeaths to her all the furniture, plate, pictures, effect*,
horses and carriages there or at his principal residence. He
also bequeaths £2000 to St. Mary’s Hospital Paddington ; an
annuity of £400 to his ‘brother, Edward Pellew* Wilson :
£20,000; upon trust, for his niece, Mrs. Jane Xicoll, her husband
and issue ; and numerous legacies to nephews, nieces.-executors.
servants, and others. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, for his daughter, for life: then,
as to £20,000, as she shall appoint; and the ultimate residue
to her children ; or, in default of children, to his next of kin.
according to the Statute for the distribution of an intestate's
effects.
The will (dated Feb. 4, 1888). with a codicil (dated
March 27 following), of Mr. William Chickhall Jay. late of
No. 247. Regent-street, monrning-warehouseman and rilk-
mercer, and of Tollesbnry, Essex, who died on April 27 last,
was proved on June 27 by Charles Duroure Davies, William
John Starkey, Charles Lee Nichols, and Thomas Simpson Jay.
the son. the executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £101,000. The testator makes
special gifts of houses, furniture and effects, and policies of
assurance to. or upon trust for. his children ami his grand¬
daughter. Annie Alatilda Shekel ton : and he bcpioatiis .Clooo
to his brother, Samuel Jay : and £100 to each of his executors.
As to the residue of his real and personal estate lie leaves one
sixth to his said son: one sixth, upon trust, for his said grand¬
daughter ; and one sixth, upon trust, for each of his daughters,
Ellen Matilda, Ada Wylie, Alice Jane, and Eugenie Maria.
The will (dated Nov. 14. 1887). with a codicil (dated
Nov. 21 following), of Mr. Robert Valentine Leach, formerly
of Devizes Castle. Wilts, and late of Bordighera, Italy, who
died on Alay 7 last, was proved on June 22 by Mrs. Annette
Wright Cannington. the daughter, Charles Peggc, William
Saunders, and Wickham Flower, tho executors, the value of
the personal estate amounting to over £52,000. The testator
bequeaths £8000 and three hundred £10 shares paid up in
Leach, Flower, and Co. (Limited), to his said daughter: and
there arc numerous and considerable legacies to his other
daughters, grandchildren, and others. As to the residue of
his property he leaves one half to his said daughter. Mrs.
Cunnington, and one half to bis grand-daughters, Ethel
Vaughan Willett and Frances Emily Willett.
The will (dated April 8, 1888) of Mr. Charles Harrison,
J.P., formerly M.P. for Bewdley, late of Arelcy Court. Stoiir-
port, Worcestershire, who died on May 11 last, was proved on
June 21 by Charles King Harrison, the son, and George King
Harrison, the brother, the executors, the value of the personal
estate amounting to over £28,000. The testator bequeaths
£100 and his wines, consumable stores, and live stock to his
wife. Mrs. Elizabeth Augusta Harrison ; be also bequeaths to
her, so long as she shall reside at Arelcy Court, all his furniture
and personal effects, and on her ceasing to reside there he gives
the same to his son. All his real estate and the residue of his
personal estate he leaves to his said son conditionally on his
paying to his (testator’s) wife, for life, one half of tho not
profits of his share of the business of a carpet manufacturer
heretofore carried on by the testator.
The will (dated Nov. 17,1879) of Miss Clare Bridget Strong,
late of No. 17, Stafford-terrace. Kensington, who died on May 24
last, was proved on June 10 by Madgwick George Davidson,
the surviving executor, the value of the personal estate amount¬
ing to upwards of £24,000. The testatrix bequeaths legacies
to godchildren and her maid ; and the other provisions of the
will are in favour of her nephews, nieces, sisters, brother-in-
law, and executor.
The will (dated Aug. 8, 1870), with a codicil (dated May 1.
1877), of Mr. John Christian Cowley, late of Lcinster-gardens,
Hyde Park, who died on April 10 last, was proved on June 15
by Mrs. Julia Cowley, the widow, and John Herbert Baynes
Cowley, the son, two of the surviving executors, the value of
the personal estate amounting to upwards of £22.000. The
testator gives an immediate legacy of £500. and his household
furniture and effects, to his wife; he also gives her an annuity
of £ 1500, to be reduced to £500 in the event of her marrying
again ; £5000, upon trust, for each of his two daughters.
Edith Julia and Alice Margaret Emma ; and a further sum of
£3000 each on the death of his wife ; £15,000 to his eldest son.
John Herbert Baynes ; and legacies to five nieces and to his
executors. The residue of his real and personal estate lie
leaves to all his sons, including his eldest son.
The will (dated Oct. 14,1878) with a codicil (dated Sept. 19.
1884), of Mrs. Elizabeth Sarah Bourke. formerly of St.
Georgc’s-placc, Knigbtsbridge : but late of Cannes, who died
on Jan. 10 Inst, was proved on June 22 by Philip Wellesley
Colley, and Frederick Willis Farrar, the executors, the value of
the personal estate amounting to over £ 17,000. The tcstai rix
gives annuities to her daughter Mary Celine Georgiana. and to
her sister, Selina Georgiana Stubley ; her diamonds, books,
pictures, and china to her daughter Frances Charlotte Mary,
the wife of Viscount Gabrielle Dc Sellc : and one or two other
legacies. As to the residue of her personalty she leaves one
half, upon trust, for her son James Adrian Bourke. and the
other half, upon trust, for her daughter the Viscount.'ss
Gabrielle Dc Sclle.
The Railway Clearing-House Athletic Club hold their
annual meeting on July 7 at S tarn ford-bridge, Chelsea.
Mr. A. J. Newton and Mr. Alderman Gray have been cIksuii
Sheriffs of London and Middlesex for the ensuing year.
Tho Inner Temple gardens will be open to children on
Sunday afternoons for the rest of the summer, from half-past
four to eight. The gardens will not be open on Saturdays.
The annual show of the Essex Agricultural Society was
opened at Cranbrook Park, Ilford, on June 28. £155<> was
offered in prizes, £2lM> of this being given by the president.
Mr. James Theobald. M.P. The entries, numbering 722, were
in excess of the average for the last ten years, although they
were lower than the number at Chelmsford last year.
The annual general meeting of the Catholic Union of Great
Britain was held in Willis's Rooms on Juno 28, the Duke of
Norfolk, president of the union, being in the chair. The
annual report, which gave a good account of the operations of
the union during tho past year, was unanimously adopted
upon the motion of Lord Clifford of Childleigh, seconded l»y
Mr. Wegg-Prosser. The Earl of Denbigh and Mr. John Young
were re-elected treasurers. Among the speakers were the
Bishop of Etonians, the Earl of Denbigh, Sir Charles Clifford,
Lord Herries, Mr. Alderman Stuart Knill, and Colonel Lenox
Prendergast-
n* ait
"iN NEWS, Jew l 1888 — 15
tr
IOM TAYLUU.
JULY 7, 18*8
16 THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
MAGAZINES FOR JULY.
.Yinrt.-m'h Centuiy. —Mr. Gladstone's revolving light of
critic il s L udies is again turned on the domain of ecclesiastical
history * the Elizabethan “ settlement of religion.” which
o:i only the settlement of the English Church Establish¬
ment. is the subject of his article, designed to prove
th.- - legality” of the Reformation, while admitting that
Nonconformists are the true heirs of the old English
Puritans. Sir IV. IV. Hunter, a great authority on Indian
statistics and on the social position of Mahommedans in
India, present I a favourable view of Christian missionary
efforts there. The injurious effect of too many picture
exhibitions on the parity of Art is sternly denounced by
.Mr. Frederick Harrison; while Lord Armstrong reproves the
undue expect ition of manufacturing and commercial
prosperity being restored by technical schools. Professor
Tyndall, formerly scientific adviser to Government on light¬
houses. relates his experiences of official reluctance to adopt
valuable inventions; he explains, more especially, that
devise 1 by Mr. J. R. Wigham. of Dublin, and put in use at
H-iwth in Istid, which seems of the greatest value. The labonr
question, as it is regarded by orators in Trafalgar-square, is
pleaded by Mr. H. Champion on behalf of the “ New Labour
Party." Mr. Walter Hammond records the steps taken for
the abolition of slavery in Brazil. Lord Eustace Cecil
attacks " the curse of the War Office,” by which he means
over-centralisation. Buddhism, as it exists in Ceylon, is
examined by the Bishop of Colombo in a polemical spirit of
disparagement. The French Ambassador, M. Waddington,
continues his nsefnl exposition of Local Government in France.
Cnnh mjnirary llrririe .—“The Future of Religion," a ques¬
tion of grave anxiety to many who assume that it is dependent
on human opinion, is discussed hv M. Emile De Laveleye, an
eminent foreign writer on problems of social welfare.' The
Rev. .1. Guinness Rogers attacks 51r. Chamberlain as a dis¬
sentient from the Gladstonian phalanx, while Professor Neeley
advises the impartial study of politics. 5Ir. James Runciman
exposes the faults of common school teaching, especially those
of verbal and statistical cram, and of pedantic terminology,
and tile abuse of grammatical analysis. The Rev. Sir George
Cox strongly censures the fantastic and unscriptural myth¬
ology in a certain favourite Church hymn-book. The ethical
tendencies of modern science provoke the indignation of Miss
Cobbe. Indian national congresses are regarded by Dr. R.
Spencer Watson with sympathetic approval. Professor G. T.
Stokes reviews some of the late researches in ecclesiastical
history. There is an artieio by Lord Hobhouse, on the local
taxation of rents in London: and oue by Mr. J. Scott Keltic,
on British interests in Africa.
nightly Jterieie .—Alt unsigned essay on “Our True
Foreign Policy” insists on joining, with augmented naval and
military forces, the alliance of the Central European Powers.
The French Boulangist movement, “ patriotic and anti-Parlia-
moutary.” is extolled by 51. Henri Rochefort, a politician too
well known. Ben Jonson's minor poems give employment to
51r. Algernon Swinburne's superlative terms of estimation in
prose. The present aspect of Bulgaria, and the character of
Prince Ferdinand, arc described by Mr. J. D. Bourehicr after a
recent visit. On the witty and sceptical genius of Lucian, the
Greek satirist contemporary with the Roman Antonines, 5Ir.
Andrew Lang contributes a paper of some literary interest.
Pawnbroking. in England and among foreign nations, a sub¬
ject ahlv treated by Sliss 5Iabel Robinson, has an important
bearing on the condition of the poor. The lecture by Professor
Bowden to the English Goethe Society, on Goethe's sojourn in
Italy, is printed here. Colonel Frederick Manriccvindicates his
narrative of the Egyptian campaign against the strictures in the
Kiiuhurgh llrririe. Students of mental philosophy may find
something worth their notice in Mr. Edward Carpenters
remarks on Custom.” and in Mr. Herbert Spencer's on the
basis of Kant's ethical doctrine.
national lleririr .—The state of onr maritime defences is
discussed by Sir Samuel Baker, who thinks we might have a
volunteer fleet in aid of the Royal N'avy. The Pan-Anglican
Conference of Clergy at Lambeth is explained by the Rev.
5Iorris Fuller, as in accordance with ecclesiastical traditions.
IVelsh Nonconformity is historically examined by Sir. Stanley
Leighton. 51.P., to show that it is on the decline. A scheme
for superseding Civil Service pensions by compulsory Govern¬
ment life assurance is propounded by Sir. Edgar Bates. Tho
management, resources, and benefits of Friendly Societies arc
reviewed by Sir. W. Greswell, who proposes that they should
exert themselves to assist the emigration of the unemployed,
and should become agencies of industrial colonisation. There
arc several articles of literary interest. One relates to Ibn
Batontah, the Sloorish traveller in the fourteenth century,
whose curious narrative, in Arabic, of his long wanderings in
Africa and Asia deserves a new translation. Mr. J. D.
Bourehicr'* description of the village of Beacousfield and the
inline of Edmund Burke is a very good piece of writing. In a
comparative analysis of "Gipsy Folk-Tales,” 5Ir. F. H. Groome
finds evidence that many Asiatic legends and myths were
imported into Europe, and got into the popular literature of
Western nations, by means of the Gipsies. Lady Jersey writes
an account of the ancient silver mines of Laurium, in Attica,
which yielded a revenue to the Republic of Athens under
Pericles, and which are now again worked by a Greek and by
a French company. Sir. Alfred Austin produces a tender
poem of the song of the cuckoo in Slay, and of the drowning
of a forlorn girl in the deep pool at the end of the field.
JJlaehamT* Magazine .—A reviewer of “ Robert Elsmere ”
strenuously opposes the assumption that the orthodoxy of the
Church of England cannot defend itself by effective argu¬
ments in the present state of knowledge. ’The story of “ A
Stiffnecked Generation ” runs through several new chapters.
There is a North Frisian island called “Sylt,” off the coast of
Holstein, and we suppose that very few Englishmen have over¬
heard of it: but it is said to have sent forth the Saxon
warriors under ” Uengist and Horsn,” fourteen centuries ago.
to their conquest of our own country. Sylt, now belonging
to Prussia, has a little sea-bathing town ‘called Westerland.
which one would like to visit. The islanders, numbering
tlK-ee thousand, have a treasure of antique legends in their
peculiar dialect, which is halfway between English and
Low German. \\ c are indebted to an anonymous contributor
of Itiarhtrood'* for samples of this romantic lore. 51 r. John
Skelton, continuing his minnte investigation of the conduct
of Queen Mary Stuart, finds some reason to believe that she
was the victim of actual force in her disgraceful connection
with the ruffian Bothweli, after the murder of Darnley, in
which crime she had passively ac piiesced. The amateur of
entomology has a treat provided for him in Mr. P. Hordern’s
account of certain Indian insects. Air. Coutts Trottor's
• impressions of Australia” include a visit to the Fish River
eaves, with their beautiful stalactites, in the Blue Mountain
region, near Sydney. An article on the Portuguese dominions
in Eastern South Africa, the Delagoa Bav Railway, and the
communication with the Transvaal Is of some interest at this
moment. The short tale of Scottish domestic life, called “An
Elie Ruby,” is agreeably told
Murray* Magazine. —The author of “The Silence- of Dean
Maitland " begins a new storv. which is entitled 1 he Reproach
of Annesley.” 5Ir. Lewis 5iorris. in his ballad of the defeat of
the Spanish Armada, gives us rugged and lumbering couplets
of lines fourteen or fifteen syllables long, which defy metrical
reading, and in which the tale is not very effectively told. 5\ e
prefer the imaginary narrative of a naval battle in the future,
supposed to be related by the Commander of I1.5I.S. .Majestic,
ironclad turret-ship, of I2.b(Ki tons, with engines of 12,000-
horse power, running nearly twenty miles an hour, and
armed with hundred-ton guns. "In a Conning Tower” is the
title of this spirited sketch, which seems to be correct in its
details of steam-ship movements and of modern gunnery :
tremendous work it will be, with such mighty instruments of
warfare, whenever it has to lie done ! The enemy's ship is
finally sunk by ramming. This is followed by a pleasant
description of the North Devon Coast and Exmoor, written In-
Air. L. J. Jennings. 5I.P. The series of articles on the traffic
working arrangements of the great Railway Companies is
continued by 5Ir. IV. 5L Acwort.lt. now dealing with the
London. Brighton, and South Const lines. Captain Shaw's
practical advice oil the protection of dwelling-houses from
fire should have the consideration of builders. Anecdotes of
the great public schools in the olden time of severe flogging
and fagging and Latin, collected hv 5Ir. II. J. Aiackenzie. have
a retrospective interest. .Mr. A. 51. Wakefield treats of the
early history of English music. A hnmorous writer sets all
the fish at a London fishmonger's talking with each other;
and the ways of human anglers are discussed from a
salmon's point of view.” 5Ir. Paul Cnshing's -Just for the
Fun of it." is an amusing bit of American social life.
Luugman* Magazine. — The long story of ‘ Eve" lias
reached its fiftieth chapter. The ostrich-farming business in
Sontli Africa, with the trade in ostricli feathers, is destrilied
by 51 r. George Nathan. Miss E. Ncsbit's ' Two Lives ” must
lie allowed to lie true and high-toned poetry. “ Bamboromrh
Sands" is an agreeable little story by Mrs. Allred Hunts
The common notion that savages have more powerful eyesight
than civilised men is disputed by Mr. IV. II. Hudson, who
contends that their faculty of distinguishing some particular
objects at a great distance is only the result of having been
obliged to give more attention to objects of that kind. Mrs.
Reeve’s calculations of just economy in the cost of dress con¬
tain nsefnl hints both to ladies and gentlemen. 5Ir. Grant
Allen writes of tile evolution of the camel by the effects of an
animal's life in the desert. “Orthodox," by Miss Dorothea
Gerard, is a story of Jews in Poland.
Macmillan * Mayazin Lucian comes to the fore in this
publication, as well as in the Inrtnightly ; and 5Ir. II. D.
Traill’s critical appreciation of that anther.'which had already
been proved, is shown afresh in his article on a new trnnslat inn
of some of the Dialogues by Mr. Howard Williams. The con¬
tinuation of 5Ir. Walter Pater's “Gaston (le Latotir." a bio¬
graphical commentary on French provincial life in the
Sixteenth century, offers a complete picture of the old town of
Chartres, with its noble cathedral. There is also an article on
Jacques Tahnrean, a French poet of that age. A memoir is
supplied by 5Ir. It. D. Bell of the almost forgotten founder of
fit. Leonard's College, at the University of St. Andrew's—
namely, the young Archbishop Alexander Stuart, an ille¬
gitimate son of King James IV., killed with his father
on the field of El™Wen. The Hon. (i. Curzon. 51.P..
describes the Yosemite Valiev and its Waterfalls. Captain
IL 51. Hozier descants on " England's Peril," and holds the
singular opinion that it is to be lessened hv constructing the
Channel tunnel ; because, lie thinks, if we get more trade with
the Continent, we shall get more wealth, and then we can
afford increased naval and military forces to repel our Con¬
tinental foes ! A poem liv the late "sir Francis Doyle. “Lord
Rodney's Bantam Cock.” recalls tho droll anecdote of that
galiant bird crowing through the din of a great battle on the
poop of the Admiral's (lag-ship. “ Diversions of a Pedagogue "
exhibit some comical blunders in schoolboy themes and trans¬
lations. "The Lest Jlatuh" is a storv‘of the cricket-field,
neatly told.
Carnhill Magazine. —The wearisome disappointments of a
briefless barrister waiting in chambers are related in a vein of
ludicrous self-commiseration. 5Iemoirs of Schopenhauer, the
pessimist philosopher, have become rather a magazine Imre.
“The Dean's Sister " is an amusing lmax played on a dignified
clergyman staying in 5Ialta. In "A Celibates Wife.” likewise,
a clerical person is the victim ; bnt tin's is a tragical storv.
“ Padding’’must be scarce, one would think, when a feu-
pages are filled with stale instances of typographical errors.
But “ Mammoth-hunting in Siberia " is an interesting (epic,
and is treated with evident knowledge. "One day" is a
melodious and effective piece of verse. 5Ir. George Gissing
proceeds with “ A Life's Morning.” and his stories'are worth
reading.
Temple liar. —“ From Moor Isles." liv Miss Jessie Fothcrgill.
and " '1 he Rogue." by 5Ir. IV. K. Norris, are far on their wav :
Lady Lindsay's “ Caroline" is brought to a conclusion. These
stories, when published in a complete form, may be noticed
hereafter. " A Chapter on Proposals " is the commencement
of the fictitious autobiography of a maiden lady. There is
much interest, in tho romantic adventures of the Count I>e
Benyowski. a Hungarian nobleman who joined the Poles
against Russia, was captured and sent to Kamstchatka, but
escaped liy sea. Visited tho island of Formosa, afterwards went
to Madagascar, and became the King of a barbarian nation,
and was finally killed in a fight with the French. " The
House of Percy "is a review of 5Ir. E. B. De I-'onblanque's
book on the history of that famous English noble family of
the Northern Border.
Time. —The personal qualifications and conditions of the
diplomatic service, as a regular profession, are explained by
one of its members. Brief memorial tributes, liv several
writers, to I’te character of the late German Emperor, are
followed by an account of Potsdam and the Prussian Kings
and Princes. 51 r. H. Sclriitz Wilson notices the perform¬
ances of actresses in male parts. In a thoughtful essay
on immortality, Professor Knight advances the interest¬
ing proposition that a belief in tho pre-existence of the
individual sonl tends to support, the faith in a future life, and
that it has great moral and religious efficacy. Mademoiselle
F. Blaze De Bury describes the state of French journalism
before the Second Empire. The fatigues of the fashionable
London season arc discussed by Mr. Norman Pearson : tho
“ bee-pastures of poetry,” a collection of poetical sayings about
bees, are fluttered over by 5Ir. Arthur Grant. 5Iiss Amy Levy
contributes a little tale of which the scene is laid at Prato,
near Florence. The present dispute on the Sikkim frontier of
India with Thiln-t is explained by 5Ir. J. Horton Ryle.v. A
story of the Knights Templars, reminding us of some incidents
in “Ivanhoe,” is related by Mr. G. F. Underhill. Mr. E.
Salmon examines the pleas for direct and express representation
of the labouring classes in tho House of Commons. Kophetua
(he Thi rteenth,” Mr. Julian Corbett s strange political romance,
draws to its consummation.
llngHxh Illustrated Magazine. — Here is a further instalment
cf Professor IV. M in (os historical talc, "The Mediation of
Ralph Hardelot.” Slies G. F. Gordon Cuniming treats learnedly,
bnt pleasantly, of the ceremonial use of uiulncEas amotig
Asiatic nations, and thereby of pagoda canopies, and eit
aureoles or haloes around the heads of sacred | e;sons. Thin-
are many illustrative engravings to this at tide; likewise- to
Sir. OutramTristram's "Old Coaching Days." with Dick Turpin
on the York road ; and to the account of a rural hamlet mar
Liphook. in Hampshire. Dr. G. Birkbcck Iiill contributes a
memoir of William Hutton, of Birmingham, a local antiquary
and jnelge of the local Small Debts Court. 'I he frr inispiicc
is an engraving of Reynolds's portrait of Dr. Jnhnseui.
The excellent American magazines. Harp, e'* Mcnihia.
The Century, tirrihner'*. and others, maintain their high
claims to public favour in England by the variety rf instructive
and entertaining literary matter which they contain, ti n
beauty of their numerous wood-engravings, and the quantity
of fresh information that they supply concerning topics loth
of the New World and of the Old World ; but it is net possible,
within onr limited space, to enumerate their contents for this
month. For the same reason, we can only mention "The
Woman'* World, “ Atalanta," " Belgravia." - The Gentleman's
Magazine,” “The Atlantic Slonthly.” “Tinsley's Magazine,'
"The Argosy,” "Cassell's Family Siagazim," .-1 u " .Myras
Journal of Fashion."
THU ITALIAN KXIUlilTKIN.
The brig-lit and interesting Exhibition organised by Sir. 1. P.
Whitley at Earl's Comt has proved lar and away the meat
attractive of the series of expi siliuns opened in London this
season. This success has been distinctly deserved. The att
and industrial exhibits within tin- building, par-ticulai l.v the
lenutiful and extensive collection of sculpture, and the
pictures, have never failed to be admired by the general public ;
and the scenic and musical charms of the tastefully-adorned
gardens have yielded enjoyment every file afteriu ni and
evening since the opening.' It only needed the addition of
Ca-sar's Triumphal Procession, the Roman chariot-races and
Roman sports in the Coliseum Arena (site last year of
"Buffalo Bill's Wild Wist show "). and the illumination cf
the Borghesc Gardens and the cf sy Welcome ( lull and grounds
at night on a comprehensive scale by Messrs. T. Break and Go.,
and the glowing lights from countless Japainsc lanterns in
shrubs and trees, to crown the popularity of the Italian
Exhibition.
Ill the Central Garden—gained tillnigh the huge
marquee ill which the gay and debonair Son mm sing.is
and tarantella perfonm rs afford amusement-stands the
remarkably well-painted panorama of the Roman Forum.
Given a suitable sky overhead, this strikes the spectater
as a marvelleius example of scenic illusion, reflecting
great credit on the clever artist, Cnv. Liverani. who also
painted the adjoining Italian 5laiket Place. It is close by
that the troupe of marionettes represent the Deluge, anil
dance the Excelsior Ballet with grote sqm- effect in the spacious
theatre. We cross a bridge to reach the West Garden. Enter¬
ing the canvas cave labelled the " Bine- G rot lei of Capri." we find
ourselves within a model of the i-U-t wlitso ultramarine
beauties have to lie seen by every visitor to the Pay of Naples.
Ne-ar this Blue Grotto is the small building which sbeltirs
the diorama of Naples and 51 omit Vesuvius, another
eibject of interest. Facing this is the Alpine Switchl nek
Railway, a favourite form of recreation first lire-tight into
vogue in London on this same -pot last year. Tin- nisli. the
jerks, and the surprises of a trip down and up the uuouiaiiug
track of the '"Switchback" apparently still y i. hi Luge
delight to young people : but visitors must ex) eriem-c li e
novel sensations of a journey for themselves to judge if
the effects of the "Switchback." w hich the- Princess of llalis
and Princesses Louise. Victoria. ; ml .Maud are said to
have greatly enjoyed last summer. The Hunting Tent cf
the •• Re Galantnomo " recalls tin* fact that Victor Emanuel.
King of United Italy, was a great spin Ismail, and w as ne ver
happier than when he was roughing it as a Nimrod. His
Majesty's grandson, the Prince of Naples, rs Pn side-nt of the
Exhibition, will tie certain to be warmly welcomed oil his
forthcoming visit to London : the Reception Committee, of
which Colonel John T. Nor;I l is the genial President, having
already afforded proof of its graceful hospitality.
Grace to such ngreealde epen-air entertainment as may he
obtained at the Garden Concert! of the Italian Exhibition.
London residents are becoming so attached to tic healthy
recreation of the Continental Volksgarten that it is safe to
say London could neit well do w ithout the-so musical pruiiiemules
now in summer-time. When night falls, and iiiuiiir.cralilc
lamps and lanterns glimmer and glow on the lawns and in
the foliage-, and from the terrace of the Welcome Club can he
heard the seductive' strains of the last new false liv Strauss as
played in the illuminated orchestra, the enchanting scene is
like Fairyland, and the brilliant gardens arc- left with regret.
Tint IttlYAl. Atlltnfl.lt It.tb sill.\V AT NOTTINGHAM.
The Show of the Royal Agricultural Society, which opens
at Nottingham on Saturday. July 7. will lie the largest that
the society lms held since the International Show at Kilburu
in 18711. The show- of implements and machinery in motion
will he upon a larger scale than last year, with ln.7i:i ft. of
shedding, as against 8217 ft. ; but this is not to be regarded
as an unntixed advantage, for this section of the show is too
unwieldy as it is to be of so much practical benefit ns it might
be. There will lie a small show of poultry ns well; hut
the chief attraction outside the live-stock section will be the
working dairy, with the trials in butter and cheese making,
and the horse-shoeing competitions—a new feature which has
been borrowed from the Bath and Host of England Society.
There will nlsu lie displays of bee-driving, and lectures on bee¬
driving nnd the management of bees ; but the exhibition of
fruit and vegetables, which was included in the programme of
the week at one of the preceding shows, has unfortunately
been abandoned.
Mr. S. Jerrard concluded his s-ries of dramatic recitals at
.Steinway Hall, on Saturday afternoon, June Hn.
I.aily Dalliy distributed the prizes to the successful pupils
of the School for the Oral Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb
on July S. The annual meeting and a short examination of
the pupils was held previous to the distribution.
The fifteenth annual conversazione of the Royal Colonial
Institute, which was founded in 1 SOS. and incorporated by-
Royal charter in 1882, took place on June 28 in the Albert
Hail. There was a large attendance of eminent colonists,
who met in the arena, and discoursed of the strength ot
England's seal “auxiliary forces "—her Colonies. The bandI ot
the Royal Marine Light Infantry performed during the
evening in the hall, and that of the Coldstream Guard*
(Chatham division) in the conservatory. 5Iany distinguished
guests came to meet their brethren from across the seas, nnd a
pleasant and thoroughly fraternal evening was Bpcnt under
excellent auspices.
JULY lass
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
17
ABBOTSFORD.
If the moat interesting spot on English ground ia the birth¬
place of Shafcspenre, Abbotsford, which Scott loved so well,
and where he breathed his last, is the most attractive spot in
■Scotland to all lovers of literature. The house is not noble as
a building, neither is the situation one of great beauty. More¬
over, such beauty as it does possess is not fully visible lo tho
tourist, who enters the mansion by a back door, is ushered
through the show-rooms, and then departs without gaining
what is most to be desired—a general impression of the place.
Curious objects—some of them historically interesting, and
many of them of doubtful authenticity—may have, indeed, their
special value ; but those of us who love and honour the great
Master of the House do not go to it chiefly for the purpose of
seeing the curiosities with which the rooms are crowded.
Napoleon's first blotting-book and pen-tray, a piece of
Queen Mary s dress, Persian sabres, Indian daggers, Russian
muskets and snuff-boxes innumerable, are worth looking
at, perhaps: but they tell ns nothing of Sir Walter, nor,
indeed, nre wo sure in all cases that they passed throngh his
hands. In the catalogue edited by the Hon. Mrs. Maxwell-
Scott, the great-grandchild of the founder of Abbotsford,
there arc many objects closely associated with the poet's life.
Every eye will lest with interest on his own writing-table and
chair : on the miuiaturea exchanged before their marriage by
Sir Walter and Lady Scott; on Montrose's sword, and on Rob
Roy s gun and old Highland sporran—on any curiosity or
picture, indeed, which had a special value in the owner's eyes.
At the same time, these cherished treasures are not Abbotsford,
and they do not satisfy the imaginative craving of which most
of us are conscious on entering a house so memorable. A
young American poetess expressed a common feeling when she
wrote :—
i \l bU ntil where sceptred kings have stood,
Or kneel where slaves have knelt.
Till, wrapt in ningic solitude,
1 feel wliat they have felt.
But in nil cases in which we strive to bring before the mind's
eye what has passed away, there is a sense of inadequacy and
dissatisfaction. This is especially felt by the tourist after a
guide-directed inspection of Sir Walter’s home. To feel the
emotion the spot may well call forth, the pilgrim should be
free to gaze on the building from the grounds which Scott
loved so well, to walk or ride through the woods he planted,
as the Great Magician was wont to do with Tom Purdie; or to
listen while loitering on the terrace to the ripple of the Tweed
over its pebbles the last and sweetest sound Sir Walter heard
on earth.
In the spirit we can do this if we are nob allowed thus to
wander over Scott's domain in the flesh, and. as we do so. how
many strange thoughts—half melancholy, half joyful—fill the
mind ! The greatest mistake of Scott’s life—is it too much to
say his single and signal folly ?—is associated with Abbots-
ford, and may be traced to his proud wish to found a family :
the noblest act of his life was the manly courage with which he
met the difficulties Abbotsford brought upon him. His weak¬
ness was the source, ultimately, of his greatest strength ; and.
as Mr. Hutton finely says, ‘‘like the headland stemming a
rough sea, he was gradually worn away, but never crushed.”
In misfortune Scott was strong ; in his unbounded prosperity
his winning sweetness of nature won all hearts. This great
man of genius had not a trace of meanness, of jealousy, of
ignoble vanity. He was one of the manliest of men. and had
a heart open as the day to all kindly influences. Sir Walter
talks to us,” said a poor person, “as if we were all blood-
relaticn3 ” ; and when his great losses came, not a servant in
the house but was ready to take his share in the change
of circumstances. Here was the most popular author
of the century, and, next to Khakspeare. perhaps the most
famous in our literature, proving by example the absurd
fallacy of Thomas Moore that genius is incompatible with
domestic happiness. The nonsense is still echoed in our day ;
and only recently it has been implied in a journal of some
reputation that if Burns had been a moral man, he would not
have been so great a poet; that it was for the benefit of the
world and in the proper order of things, that he should have
neglected dnty and yielded to sensual gratifications. Burns
was far too just and honest to deceive himself in this way, and
acknowledged, witli genuine sorrow, that
Thoughtless folly laid him low,
And stained his name.
Scott’s name was unstained, but this did not diminish his
sympathy or render less forcible his representation of cha¬
racter. With the fine imagination of a poet, he had the steady
perseverance of a man of business. While living so much in
the past, he did not lose his hold of the present, and the
versatility of his genius was none the less wonderful because
he was never known to fall drunk in the gutter like Sheridan, or
to give way to the grossest excesses as Lord Byron did at Venice.
There is often a flaw in the character of n great literary
benefactor which tempers our admiration of his genius. The
imperial imagination of Milton dazzles us with its splendour;
but, while we reverence the poet’s purity and loftiness of aim,
we cannot forget his scurrility as a controversialist, his un-
kindness to his first wife, and his harsh condact as a father.
Scott’s life, on the contrary, had in it a daily beauty. It is
almost as delightful to read what Lockhart relates about him
as to real what ho has himself written. In both the works
and the biography there are the same fine qualities of gracious¬
ness and loftiness of tone. Scott was pre-eminently a gentle¬
man. not by birth alone, but by nature; and in his novels
there is at once masculine strength and the refinement that
rejects with a poet’s sense of fitness all subjects unsuitable for
art. With what contempt and loathing his healthy 11 at lira
would have regarded the theory and practice of some living
novelists of the French school whose “realism” panders to
whatever in human nature is impure, unlovely, and of foul
report!
In reading" ordinary novels the feelings are often unduly
excited, but in the highest creations of genius there is a
moderation that prevents an excess of emotion. The time
spent on authors like Homer, Shakspeare. Dante, and
Cervantes, is a mental and moral gain. They widen our
horizon, deepen onr sense of beauty, and fill our lives with
some of the wealth that has enriched their own. And this
is what Scott does in abundant measure. It is one end of
all art to give delight; but it is not the sole end, and Sir
waiter's works may be justly said to “inbreed and cherish”
m the hearts of all who read them “ the seeds of virtue and
nobility.”
Therefore, if the reader cannot go to Abbotsford to recall
on the spot where he died the memory of Scotland’s worthiest
son, let him read once more the glorious books ho has left
behind him. His manly art as a poet affords a fine contrast to
the eccentric verse-making, too familiar now-a-daye, which
revels in obscurity and in fantastic forms alien to the spirit of
the language ; his consummate geniuc as a writer of romance
is beyond praise and beyond rivalry. Truly does Sara
Coleridge say that the Waverley novels fill a place in literature
which they have entirely to themselves. Assuredly there are
fe v imaginative prose works we could not part with more
wadily. J. D.
CHESS.
TO COnRESPONDENTS.
irntiona forthla dtpnrtment should itddreaard to thf Chrsa F.di
i WjndBurV.—Delay ed, l.ut not f r,rut ten. It »li ill npivnr nett
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>ou will discover there i* no mate in threo
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I be portion njfajl
.Kit Oto-trof, S
„ to’ir -I iV* AC*' *Vr ,0 K - l,<! Arc.
PRO BI.EAI No.
By J. fr. Cam pi
BLACK.
White to piny, anti mate In three moves.
white (Mr. P.)
1. P to K 4th
2. K Kt to B 3rd
3. P to 0 4th
4. Kt takes P
6 . Q takes Kt
6 . B to Q B 4Lh
7. Q toQSth
13. V t« K B 4th
14. Castles
15. B to Q 2nd
16. Q It to K S' j
17. P to B 5th
18. B takes II
19. g to K 3rd
2 <). g R to g B sq
21 . K to K 11 3rd
B takes B
g to K lilt
V to K Kt 3rd
white (Mr. P.)
i. P Lakes P
I. R to K Kt 3rd
I. Q R to K B sq
C HESS IN HERTFORDSHIRE.
white (Mr. T.)
1. P to K ith
2. Kt to K B 3rd
3. B to Kt 5111
[o Q Kt 4th
io Kt 2nd
Lo B sq
10. B u
11. Kt’
IS. P If
o B 3rd
B 3rd
g It 3rd
19. K to K 2nd
o K K ith
o R 5th
to It 4th
to B 5th
for the cud-iramc.
24.
25. R to K 5th
26. B to B 6th
27. 1* to Kt 5lh
28. n takes B
29. R to B 2n l
3 ). It takes B P
31. I* lakes P (eh
32. U to Kt Ith
33. K It takes I*
34 . K to R sq
35. It takes It
36. R to Kt 7th
37. I* to B Hh
Q to Kt 2nd
K to Q 2ml
h takes B
K It to K Kt sq
P to H fell
P takes K Kt P
P takes P
g to It 3rd
Q to K Gilt (•
The handicap at the British C'hrss Club has made considerable progress
during the past week, and the closing si niggle has now commenced.
Owing to Mr. Blnrkburncs absence on n profess lo nr 1 tour he has only com¬
pleted three games; but as he la nn Admirable toiirnev-playor It Is quite on
the cards that he will take a prominent place iu the llnal score. When wo
went to press the following were the scorch: Wnlnwrhrht, 10; Bird, 94;
Mortimer, Oj; Gimsberg. 5$ ; Hattie, 5 ; Michael. 4$ ; Jett ley, ; Pollock, 4 ;
Iugoldsby, 4; Wyman, 4 ; Be lion, 2$; Blackbunio, 2 ; Alderson, 1.
The progromnio of the British Chess Association meeting at Bradford, on
Acig. 6, nas now been issued. The matches include a masters’ tournament,
to which the principal foreign playors arc Invited: the amateur champion¬
ship contest for the Ncwncs Challenge Cup; the Yorkshire championship,
anil the Ruwkin and Tennyson contest*. The Yorkshire County Chess Club
co-operate with the B.C.A. In the arrangements of the congress, nml a very
successful gathering Is expected. The entries close on Ang. 3; and appli¬
cation should be rondo to L. Hoffer, British Chess Club, King-street, Covont-
garden. Amongst the visitors expected is Mr. Loyd, the famous Arocricuu
problem conq « — •!■
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Gowns for Henley, this season, are made much less, generally,
than is usual for that event, of the positive “ washing
materials.” The weather, variable and dull, is to blame for
this, not tho dictates of fashion. Dressmakers have a large
stock of cottons in hand ; but to order a zephyr or a muslin
gown when the skies were so heavy and the winds so cold as
they have been on four out of every six days, so far, during
this phenomenal “ midsummer,” would iinve required the
exercise of more than common imagination and faith. Summer,
forsooth ! It is “ midsummer.” n9 Lord Brougham once said
an unpopular Dnkc was noble—“according to the usages of
speech of this country, and not according to reality.” Ilence.
the charming delaines, lace and muslin striped fabrics, cambrics
and zephyrs prepared by the manufacturers have been com¬
paratively neglected. Soft silks and the more dressy woollen
materials are having a great run, in consequence. Silk, how¬
ever thin, is much warmer than cotton, and a great deal
better as a protection from the wind ; it is a preservative of
the natural warmth, owing to its nonconducting 1 he animal
electricity. Experience teaches us this, and there is a sense of
protection against possibilities in a merveilleux, or even a
pongee, or a foulard gown, that cotton cannot give. Many of
the sateens and faced muslins—delaines, mousselines-de-soie,
&c.—are so beautifully designed and finished this season as
almost to look like silk, but the temperature has been too
much against them for them to be used. Hence, they are likely
to be sold very cheaply at the summer sales which are now
upon us ; and at the same time they cannot fail to be again
fashionable next summer, since the large stocks in hand
cannot possibly he got rid of: so that it will be the part of
wise economy to lay in a few dress pieces of these materials,
cither for the possible bright days of the autumn or for yet
more distant sunshine and warmth.
Amongst the Henley gowns, a very successful one was in
steel-grey alpaca mohair, with trimmings of green watered-
silk and white lace. There was a Directoire coat of the grey
alpaca, with revers of green watered silk and a vest of grey
alpaca laid in tiny pleats on either side of twi central gathered
lace frills, which went right down the middle of the vest.
The skirt, over which this coat opened was in alternate panels
of the green silk and the alpaca, each panel of alpaca bcir ;r
almost covered with a series of narrow gathered flouncing* of
lace. A foulard, with a biscuit-coloured ground dottid with
tiny clusters of rosebuds, was made up very prettilj into a
full, and almost plain, skirt, reaching to a liigh-waisted
Empire bodice, the sleeves of which were puffed, while tho
narrow vest appearing between the folds, from shoulder to
waist, of the foulard, as also the wide sash finishing off
the waist, and the tight cuffs into which the sleeves wore
gathered, were all of pale green poult-dc-soie. A simple gown
was in a material of which many variations on tho one idea
may be seen this season—viz., alternate transparent stripes and
close ones, each about two inches wide. In this case, tho
contrasting stripes were white Madeira work and watered silk
ribbon, made up over a white foundation, with bodice of black
and white striped silk. Another simple and pretty toilette
was a black foulard with white lightning stripes over it. the
front of the skirt put on a little full and longer than the back,
and then caught up about the knee to the proper length by n
broad scarf of white silk, which started at the right hip.
passed round so as to make the drapery as described, and
finished in a long loop and ends at the left hip ; the hack was
very full, but undraped, and the bodice a plain coat one with
white vest. White serge and white nun’s veiling with ribbons
of various colours, composed many effective dresses.
Hats are now being worn almost invariably big-brimmed
and flat-crowned. Never was a disappearance more sudden
and complete than that of the tall-crowned turned-up-
brimmed hats of the past few seasons. The trimming all
being piled on the top of the new hats, however, the difference
in the general outline is not so great as might be pre-snppcsed.
The brims are most diverse in shape; in fact, they may be
bent about and caught up just as becomes the wearer's face,
while perfectly straight round brims turned up nowhere but
at the extreme back arc equally correct. Flowers and ribbon
or tulle or crepe bars are almost exclusively employed for
trimming ; feathers are not used on hats, and rarely on bonnets.
Roses appear to be the favourite flowers. Brims are frequently
lined with the tulle or China crepe used for the enter trimming :
and long scarves of the same or ends of the ribbon that forms
the bars often hang down at the back, and are either left so
or drawn round the throat and knotted in front loosely, as may
be mest becoming to the wearer. The newest and for the
moment the most fashionable kind of straw for hats is that
called crenoline. A chapeau of one coloured crenoline is often
lined with another, so thin and pliable is this extremely fine
straw. Thus a black crenoline hat has the brim lined wiih
white crenoline, and this is shown by the brim being caught
up to the crown at both sides ; yellow roses in two shades and
black ribbon bows form the trimming, and ends of the black
ribbon are loosely drawn round to the front.
The long Directoire handles to parasols are in great favour,
and one or two ladies have even appeared in the park with tail
thick sticks in lieu of simply having long-handled cn tout ro*.
A posse of bridesmaids the other day, who wore Directoire
coats of white silk with heliotrope moire sashes over white
lace skirts, had their costumes finished off by carrying long
white sticks with their bouquets of pink and white roses tied
on the top by means of heliotrope moire ribbon, from which
long streamers depended. Smocking, as fashionable as ever
for gow ns, has extended its empire to parasols, the newest
being of soft silk elaborately honeycombed towards the top,
with the edges fringed out and hanging all round very lccse.
The periodical attempt to turn married women teachers
cut of their employment was made at tho London School
Board recently, and failed as ignominiously as it deserved,
the mover. Mr. Dillon, finding only two persons to vote with
him as against twenty-seven opponents of the proposal. Tho
unjustifiable and causeless character of the motion may l c
judged from this overwhelming majority, which ought likewise
to permanently settle the question and prevent the married mis¬
tresses being periodically harassed by such a motion in future.
Tho fact is that a very large proportion of the best aud most
successful teachers under tho Board are married women.
When I was a member of the Board, I once, in order to
crush this vexations perennial motion for the dismissal
of mothers from the teaching staff, showed that every mistress
mentioned as a model teacher that year by tho inspectors
was, without a single exception, married. The reasons for
this are not difficult to perceive. The married women are. r.s
n whole, the elder teachers.and, therefore, the moreexpericnct d :
they have that special management for and sympathy with ail
children that the tough of her own baby’s lips gives to n true
woman ; and they are likely to bo more’ settled to their duty
than the young single ones, having drawn their lot in tho
great chance of a woman’s life, and found that it includes for
them the desirability of wage-earning. For these reasons, tho
married women teachers ought to form a large proportion of
the best mistresses in our schools ; and, ns a fact, they
do so. Florence Fenwicn-AOller. *
Jj
JULY 7, 1888
19
THE ILLUSTRATED
iiiiimfii’ a Sr iri a mom
iinimnii,
Late A. B. SAVORY and SONS,
WATCH AND CLOCK MAKERS,
11 and 12, CORNHILL, LONDON, E.C.
THE BEST KEYLESS WATCHES.
Highly-finished Horizontal Watch, in plain oolij half¬
hunting cases (as drawing), with gold or enamel
dUd ... 0 0
Ditto, ditto, in silver cases .. .. 3 10 0
VICTORIA CHAINS FOR LADIES.
18-ct. gold, our own make. Open Curb Pattern, 13 in. long.
Sizes »t £3, £3 10s.. £4, £4 10i.. £5. £5 10s.. £8, £6 10s„ £7, £8, £9. £10 10s.
mustiMM Pamphlet,wiui Prices ol wua^cu^.SM^mii^uuu oclr.,uI ell the uwut Patterns, forwarded gratis
HOW TO AVOID THE INJURIOUS EFFECTS
OF STIMULANTS.
The present system of living—partaking of too rich foods,
as pastry, saccharine and fatty substances, alcoholic drinks’
and an insufficient amount of exercise—frequently deranges
the liver. I would advise all bilious people, unless they are
careful to keep the liver acting freely, to exercise great care
in the use of alcoholic drinks, avoid sugar, and always dilute
largely with water. Experience shows that porter, mild ales,
port wine, dark sherries, sweet champagne, liqueurs, and
brandies, are all very apt to disagree ; while light white wines
and gin or old whisky, largely diluted with seltzer-water, will
be found the least objectionable. ENO’S “ FRUIT
SALT” and ENO’S “VEGETABLE MOTO ” are
peculiarly adapted to any constitutional weakness of the liver; they possess the
power of reparation when digestion has been disturbed or lost, and place the
invalid on the right track to health.
CAUTION.— Examine each Bottle, and see the Capsule is marked
“ ENO’S FRUIT SALT.” \V ithout it, you hare been imposed on by
worthless imitations. SOLD BY ALL. CHEMISTS.
Prepared only at ENO'S "PR.UIT SALT" WORKS, LONDON, S.E.,
by J. C. ENO'S PATENT.
M Miu rc
PEARLS DIRECT FROM THEIRPEARLMC FLEET
18 NEW BOND $:W.
BENHAM & SONS
LONDON NEWS
BROOKE’S
CHIMNEY-PIECES, STOVES, TILES,
COOKING APPARATUS, KITCHENERS,
LAUNDRIES, LIFTS, ENGINEERING,
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, ELECTRIC BELLS.
WIGMORE-STREET, LONDON.
MAPPIIM Ax WETBD’C travelling BAGSldressing cases
I I IN OC VVuDD O Witt All their latest Impiovemata.
ILLUSTRATED BAG CATALOGUE (No. 2) POST-FREE.
OXFORD-STREET, W.; POULTRY ("
“), Cin, LONDON.
IT MAKES
COPPER LIKE GOLD.
j Lessens Work and Saves Wages
TIN LIKE SILVER.
Promotes Cleanliness and Secures Health.
BRASS LIKE MIRRORS.
Saves Time and Ensures Leisure.
PAINT LIKE NEW.
Causes Brightness and Dispels Chum.
CROCKERY LIKE MARBLE.
Teaches Economy and Avoids Waste.
SPOTLESS EARTHENWARE.
IT HAKES
BRIGHT FIRE-IRONS.
Spares Labour and Prolongs Life.
SHINING POTS AND PANS.
Creates Speed and Saves Money.
SPARKLING GLASSWARE.
Matter Drudgery Impottible.
WINDOWS LIKE CRYSTAL.
Supersede! Tiring Exertion.
POLISHED STAIR RODS.
Defies Dirt and Cheers the Housewife,
WHITE MARBLE.
Will do a Day’s Work in an Hour, and will do it Better.
Sold by Grocers, Ironmongers, and Chemists throughout the Country. If not
obtainable near you, send 4d. In Stamps for full-size Bar, free by post; or Is.
for Three Bars, free by post (mentioning Illustrated London Yews ”) to
B. BROOKE & CO.,
36 to 40, YORK-ROAD, KING’S - CROSS, LONDON,
20
rrrrw tt.t.TTSTRATEI) LONDON NEWS
JULY 7, 1888
NEW MUSIC.
^IHAPPELL and CO.’S POPULAR MUSIC.
J)EAR HEAIjT.
PuMt.licd H
JJEAVEN AND B) EARTH.
Sung tty Madame Enriquez.
Thirty-second Edition now ready.
cinowy-breasted pearl.
O By JOSEPH HO BIN SON.
Sung l.y Madame Ktiri,|nez. Edward Lloyd, 4c.
CHAPPELL and CO.’S PIANOFORTES,
Li HARMONIUMS,.nd AMERICAN ORGANS, for Hire,
Sale, or on the Three-Years' Sy stem. New or 8econd-)tand.
riHAPPELL and CO.’S IRON-FRAMED
yj OBLIQUE PIANOFORTES, Manufactured exi'resBly for
extreme climate.,, from Ji Giuiieee. Ttatlmonial. from all
C HAPPELL and CO.'S STUDENTS’
PIANOS. CompaM giro Qctore.. from l« giimeaa.
rtHAPPELL and CO.’S NEW ORGAN
V HARMONIUMS, witti Octave Coupler., from llguin.nl
PLOUGH and WARREN'S CELEBRATED
\J AMERICAN ORGANS, from « gumma to no guinea.
. p n7«xtt,M
Chappell ami Co.,50. Now Bond-street; and 15,Poultry, E.C.
XT' RARDS’ PIANOS.—Messrs. ERARD, of
-Hi ik.G reat Marlborougb-street, London,and 13.Ruede Mall.
Paris, M.-ikern to her Mafesty and the Prince and Princess of
Wales. (CAUTION the Puldic that Pianofortes are being Sold
ttearing the name of “Brerd" which are not of their manu-
fact it re. For information as to authenticity apply at is, Great
Marlborough-st., where new Pianos can be obtained from Mgs.
1? HARDS’ PIANOS. — COTTAGES, from
JCj 50 guineas.
OBLIQUES, from 85 guineas.
GRANTS, from 125guineas.
5 i T^NsfEINr^ke^f^Lucerne.-Grand ^
Ti KSfSsHr
I Brunncn. Omnibus. a. ubkhuk. « _i _ .y,J Thr ten of the World unanimously accord ibi»
i____—--ITT - iH-../TY - ....a. that highest place iu Exhibitions held in Great
/i H O C O L A T
AMSTERDAM
EXHIBITION, 1883.
DIPLOMA OF HONOUR.
QHOCOLAT MENIERjto i lb. and i lb.
LUNCHEON: andSUPPER.
flHOCOLAT MENIER.—Awarded Twenty-
V> E‘8llt pmisR MEBA LS.
Consumption Annually
exceeds-6,000.000 lb.
QHOCOLAT MENIER.
Sold Everywhere.
London,
New York.
I OH N BROADWOOD and SONS,
J 33, Great Pnlteney-streelJjondon.W
PIANOFORTES for^BALEi^fromgniguguinMA
Founded. 1 h 38 ; Rebuilt, 1887.
MOORE and MOORE.—Pianos from 16* gs.
ill to 108 gs. Organs from 7 gs. to 80 gs.; Three-Years
System, from lOs.ed. per Month, or Cash. Lists fre&
104 and 105, Bisliopsgatc-witlnn, Loudon K.C.
J OHN BRINSMEAD and SONS’
PIANOFORTES are the perfection of Touch,Tone,and
Durability. &Q(1 r , wigmore-street, London, W.
Illustrated Lists jtoBt-free.
J B. CRAMER and CO., 207 and 209,
• Regent-street. Loudon, W.,liave a choice selection of
upwards of loo SECONDHAND Grand, Oblique, Cottage,and
Square PIANOFORTES and PIANETTES, by tbo great
makers, at exceptionally low prices; also Fifty Church.
Cbamlier. Chancel, and Cabinet Organs, Harmoniums, and
American Organs, either for cash, by easy payments, or on
their Three-Years’ System. _
INVENTIONS EXHIBITION.—The
A SILVER MEDAL baa been awarded to J. B. CRAMER
and CO., for “ general good quality and moderate price of
pianos." Price-Lists free on application.—Regent-atreet, W.,
and Moorgate-strcet.
PLEYEL, WOLFF, end CO.’S PIANOS.
Jl evert description for sale or hire.
Illustrated Lists Free.
Sole Agency, 170, New Bond-street, W. __
T homas oetzmann and co.
desire it to be most distinctly understood that they are
Pianoforte Manufacturers only, and that their only address is
27, Baker-street, Port man-square.
* (Incorporated by
BankerH to the .xe»
Capital subscribed and paid
NEW
i,y acc of General A
i the New Zealand li
ZEALAND
M-mldy, July 39,1861).
•vcrniuent.
,£i,<xw,ooa
-BADEN.—Hotel Victoria F^
r «!» F^e'f".
AMommodalion .ulterior. Mtoomtcclmrge,.^ |>ro|irielor ^
rtALAIS.—H 6 tel Dessiiu HighljT recom-
i • eiu« SS'i.SSJXSAb to .'&
LASGOW International EXHIBITION
U of INDUSTRY, SCIENCE, ami ART ._
/GLASGOW International EXHIBITION.
aJT Patron—Her M...I limciou* MAJESTY Hie OUEEN.
V,„ s, IL1I.H. Urn FIUKCK of WAI.ES.Yu., K T
p„3l;.m—Sir Arcs. c. Campltoll. , f BlytU.woud, Bari.,M.P.
- - - - __ I Chairman of Executive Council—Tlio Hon. Sir James King.
riHAUMONT, Neuchatel, Switzerland. on'n mi.eie. ll.d.,i.qpi i «■ '**»"*• -
Kj Hotel and ueneion ciiaimnmL Sitimjdni panocunau* LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
TNGELBERG.—Hotel and Pension Titlis.
Vi Altitude. 3WW ft- First-class Kurbans. Five hours
English comforts. Cattam. i
IT OPENED on TUESDAY, MAY 8, ls88. by their Royal
Higlmes.es the PRINCE and futlNCESS of WALES.
/"GLASGOW International EXHIBITION.
U TUO importance of tins Great International KxliiMtimi
■ a reallied from the fact that during the first thim
"itcseri’e Fuml,
In Australia—AeRhdde^MetlKiurne!Newcastle, and Sydney.
j£
iTiVNe“^land?Aimt"liia, < a“nd Fiji on the most favourahlo
"tI'c London Omce RECEIVES FIXED DEPOSITS of’ XMand
aptoratHoa .'' 18 *’ ar F! C Li[ l iiKwoaTii'Y , ^aiamigniB t Dirtmtor! >n
Q.RAND
HOTEL DU gmRINAL, BoME
B. Gcogrnbuhi. and Co.
G RINDELWALD, Switzerland.—The
Hotel do TOurs. The Bear Hotel ‘‘‘rl’imf.lrtK of"*
facing the glaciers Guides in attendance, tom forts of a
THE “PARKER" UMBRELLA (RKGISTBMW.
PATRONISED BY ROYALTY.
C000 SILK UMBRELLAS, 2s. 6d. each, direct
O from the manufacturer, Ladies' <' r « e ? S''id
T AUSANNE.—Hotel Gibbon. View of Lake
1J Genevuand Alps. Splendid garden .Iiady lerjMe.. w here
Gihhon wrote hi. Wlme and Fall ‘ ""i" . E n r l J'
Drainage perfect. Favourable terms.—Emi.K kittkk. i ropi.
T AUSANNE. — C. REHM, English and
1J American Chemist, 17, Rue St- Uicrre^
Patent Medicincs^Homm'M^th^ Mineral Water*.
and mounted
15,000 sold iu i
lie-covering, arc. neauy uon
Works, Broom Close, Sheffield.
>l List*amf*Teati'numials free.
,.-J. B. PARKER, Umbrella
T OECHE-LES-BAINS, Valais, Switzerland,
Li Hotel do France. First-class. Comimimcaiing ..
MALVERN IMPERIAL HOTEL. — The
111 Largest Hotel in Hie district, Eieollent smiauon.
Iieiilclc with every comfort for families. Private sitiing
Hr Splendid views of the Malvern Range.. Social Brom¬
wich Bnuo Baths. Baths of every, description. Moderate
charges. Manager, 8. Houtov o^
CUMMER TOURS IN SCOTL AN D.
k5 GLASGOW AND THE HIGHLANDS.
(Royal Route vidCrinan and Caledonian Canals.)
The Royal Mail Steamer COLUMBAor IONA, with Pass-
em-vrs only, sails from GLASGOW Daily at 7. a.m.. from
GREENOCK at ». a.m., in connection with Expross Trains
from London and the South, conveying pasfsonKers x*»r
Oi.au, Fort William, Inverness, Locuawe, Skye. Gairloch.
Lochmarcc, Staffa, Iona, Glencoe, Islay, Stornoway, Thurso,
&c. Official Guido, 3d.; llhismued, <>tl-: Cloth (tilt, Is. ; In
IKist, or at Railway Stalls throughout England. Time Bill,
with Mapand Fares,free from thoowuer—D ayidMacBuaynb,
”9, Hope-street, Glasgow.
rPHE NORWEGIAN FIORDS, the BALTIC,
X 4 c.—The steam-yacht VICTORIA, 1804 tons -register.
.— v*- ^ A LUNHAM, Commander, will be dir
I 1500-horse power, R. u. Du.-«n r ,
patched from Til burr Dock as follows.—
1 July 21, for 16 days' cruise to the Norwegian Fiords.
Aug. 11, for 16 days' cruise to the Norwegian Fiords.
Aug.», for ao day,’ cruno to tlio Gallic.
I The Victoria is always on view between her cruisesjhas the
Electric Light, bells, and all modern[improvements. For
T UCERNE.—Steam-boat travelling on this
-Li classical I.akc is one of the principal pleasures o
Tourists. The Saloon boats make eighteen km in., and have
... —i......« Restaurant. Table-dhoie. Tickei*
/''l LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
VJT The Building aud Grounds extend to Sixty Acres,and
F,mmam«, aml the doles of Oiliiiore-Dlll, crowned by tbe
University Buildings.
GLASGOW International EXHIBITION.
** ex Wa n j asss-iWi ^E^is. w "-
IN THE KELVINGKOVE MUSEUM.
Her Majesty tbe tjnecn has liccn gracb.usly P caatd tn
permit ber JnbilM Present. In l«; I-lacfl inthe'S"•'moul Icr
ss,y;g affnaa ^ ^.Ttebegaa:
LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
Vi FINE-AllT KF.UTIONS.
- "-rri cierf Fire-....and lighlcil wltii Electricitj. Work*
oth deceased and Jiving British Artists are inc I ml
oil library Continental Art is largely represented.
0 1 LASGOW International EXHIBITION,
r MACHINERY IN MOTION.
A prominent f ncxe 11 on 18 tUe >ael
ri LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
VJT Naval Exhibits and Life-Saving.^’Tiie
r Chun of Exhibits.
..iinds, lias i»c»u matte
equally available by rail.
T U C E R N E.—Pension Chateau Gutsch.
-Li Beautiful view, Alps and Lake. Ascension by Funicular
Railway. Terracen and garden lighted by electricity. I euMiin.
nine francs, mcliisive.-J. IUtsinobu, Propneto.. Fm-.uilar
. — : [he chiUc**" *”“ l
/GLASGOW International EXHIBITION.
I r ,,. , ,,,Section Woim-u’s Art ami Imlmitry
Sectiom .Motlol Working Isury'- Hotter - M.kiug, Milk-Teai-
/ i LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
V 1 T1|C HI SHOP’S CASTLE, a llcpnalnclinu ..f’ llie Ancicut
Bishop's Castle of Glasg.
'bnfy'nmOlislnry nf G*
uric, llistoi icul and Personal ueiiLs-|..
___ _ , |K . mumy „„^,rtaut Collection of this Class ever brought
T UCERNE.—The Stadthof is the leading i»geH‘ , ' r . -----
! CJ.LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
American tor. Patrouiaetl by tbe elite. H. Ki.rr, Prn p ricli.r. j .^“Kntertiin'uMi"”' Spit" btock 0 Uailwa>«'.
/"I LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
to XWWtNlWkti EACHEVEnIng:
fl LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
- LuceTncrlipf. An extra fleer ami -.
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r G . - A ’ J 'i. l ''-."'".. , .-c 11 e l .V.- i AlimisaionJ from nil
I UCERNE—Pension New Schweizerhaus.
i Comfortable Enghab ami Ameriran bniiie near U<,*t«
S°—- lr JOBRCI1 KOST. Proprietor.
L UCERNE.— Hotels Schweizerhof and
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Y If your hair is turning grey, or white, or falling off
larmingiy hciiutuui.as well as prcomiling
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Chemists and Perfumers eve rywhere, at 3». 6d. l>er Bottle.
TNLORILINE. ■ For. the Teeth and Breath.
L Is the liest Liquid Dentifrice in the world : It thoroughly
cleanses mrtislly-decayed teeth from all parasites or living
anlmalciilaj. leaving them poarly white, imwirting a delight-
ful fragrance to the breath. The Fragrant Florilme removes
instantly all odours arising from a foul stomach or to»»acco
smoke: being partly c<nni»osed of honey, soda, and extracts of
sweet herbs and planes. It isVierfeetly delicious to the ft-
and as harmless ns sherry. Sold by Chemists and Pcrfui
everywhere, nt 2s. «<L per Bottle.
TTOOPINGxCOUGH.
Ai CROUP.
ROOHB’S HERBAL EMBROCATION.
rpHE celebrated effectual cure without
A Intertutl medicine. Bole Wholeenle Ajente, w.
■DWAUD8 end SON. let, fjneen Victor!iwtreet, Londun,
abode neaiee ere eegrared on the Government Sterna
Bold nr moh Cbeeeiete. Prtdeeapw Bottle.
nte carlo
AS A SUMMER RESORT,
ter stay, Menlo Carlo, edjacent to Monaco, la one
in n.„ ....... suiot, cbariinug, aud interesting of spote on tbe
Mediterranean aea-coaBt. Tlio Princiiollly baa a tropical
vegetation, yet tbe summer brat is always tempered
edwitbtbeai
imcrous, with war
sand; the
imCortable villas and ap
•hAths,’ and
i places of st
;b, replete
ocu -brcezes. Tlu
tbere^are 0 coml'or,
every comfort, as
iD Moifacots the only sea-bathing town on the Mediterranean
—which offers ,r “ vi “ i# “ ra ...... * *“
Monaco is the only sca-uatuing town ou sue wnt"®*"
coast which offers to its visitors the same amusements as tbe
Establishments on the banks of the Rhinc-Theatre,Concerts,
^Tliere^s^perhaps, no town in tlio world that can compare in
tbe beauty of its positiou with Monte Carlo, or in ijs sm;cial
w...o „ n d attract lons-not only by the favoured climate
■try. but also by the facilities of every
;s of llluesa or disease, or for the
kind for relief i
elegant pleasure!
- day tbe ren
frequented
1JONTRESINA, Engadine, Switzerland.
X Hotel stemhock. In the upper part of Pontresina.
The sole Rigi Establishment, sheltered fre
J - Railtmy station to the Rigi-Vtunau, the i
le railway. Pension from 7 to 12 francs.
! rpHE ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
I 1 DF.BF.NHAM and FREE BODY, repenting
Cnrcaim Mu*w-t ami Co., COMO • IkTWiDllidi t. ( rti,
VeCvKTS. T.\ PESTItY, SI l.K POUTIEUKS COVER¬
LETS, SCARVES, &c. now exhibiting M Class >0.,
• THE ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
T3IGI.—Hotel Rigi First. Near the line of
A\ the Rigi-Scheidcck. Most comfortable and quiet ret rcat,
embracing extensive views of chum of imuuiiauia. kificcn
minutes from the Kaltbnd Station. Pension.
|>OME.—Minerva Hotel. Healthful position.
11 Near Pantheon. Superior Table d'Hote, 5 francs, wine
,1 by lJEHEI-
ind Welbcck-
S^SRSS I
errnnean sen-ht njgj tban otber .. .....
English sjKiken. Lift.—
most frequented f»y traveller* in Europe; in slm
and Monte Carlo enjoy n jicrpctuftl spring. M011
only thirty-two hours from Loudon and forty 11111
: QEELISBERG KURORT, Sonnenberg.
1 O Hotel and Pension. 2500 ft. altitude. First-dnw house.
1 « s -—Superb lake and Alpine scenery, inotchi’, deciric,
| aud other bath*, lnhalntio
QOCKLES
^NTIBILIOUS
piLLS.
CT. GOTHARD RAILWAY,
O SWITZERLAND.
di reel ^rapid.^ictiircst juc, anddelightful .-
Express 'from *1
Excursions to the Rigi by Mountain Railway, ¥rom Arth
Station, of the Got hard line. Through-going Slceping-t?—“
from Osteml to Milan. Balcony Carria ‘
Tickets at all corr““*‘'* nrf ”**' fi "
and Gaze's Offices.
*, Safety Brakes.
^ IX-LES-BAINS, SAVOY, Thennal Station.
e pharynx,
Thcf most
A lA-lilis-lJAii>a, &AVUI, inermai
Most important of Continental Sulphurous Spas,
hours from Paris. Sciatica, gout, and catarrh of tuej:
larynx, and'nasal lwssagos efficaciously ire
celebrated doctors attend this luxurious aud «
A IX-LES-BAINS.—Grand Hotel Europe. 1 U '“ r ' e “
A one of the most renowned and 1>est conducted in Europe.
Patronised by Royal Family. 800 funny chambers. Iloflned
table. Large gardens; lawn-tennis.—B kbsascof, Proprietor.
A IX-LES-BAINS. ~ Grand Cercle Casino.
A Theatrical season. May to Ocio»*cr; concerts, comedy,
Orchestra, sixty jierforti
works, and grand balls.
SWITZERLAND. —The Vitznau - Rigi
O Railway, the shortest,cheapest .and most frequented way
to the celebrated Rigi Kulm, is \ ia l.iicerne and Vitzuau, with
Junction at Knit bad for tin' Itigi-Sclieidcek.
VALLEE DES ORMONTS, Switzerland,
▼ Hotel des Diablercts. Well-kept, first-class house,
situated at the foot of magnificent glaciers, ami indirect ooin-
iu Interlaken. Railway si
Lrviiaz FltKUKS. P.
"\T EVEY.—Hotel Mooser. Mooser, Proprietor.
V First-«lass Family Hotel, situated above the town, in a
large park. Magnificent iwnoramn of lake and the Alps.
y lLLENEUVE. —Hotel Byron. This
is the nearest hotel to the Castle of Chilton. Ex¬
ceptional position on Lake Geneva. Pension, from 6 francs.
. . . Boat and Rail. Directed by the Propr.
(JOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS. ^
( lOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.^ ^
^ OCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS F PILLS. tsTioy
j C 0CKLE ' S ANTIBII 'I 0 US fKa.r T burn.
1 AS.sfeSS
I Mrs. W| l Na'/.Ow‘ : s SODTIUNG SVltUU. ' c w i * j rrl'0. - —
7ERMATT, Canton Valais, Switzerland, ) wrappe
fa Hotel du Iliffel. Altitude. 7700 ft. The environs offer | Dealers
the most interesting •••cneainna fn th* Alnmn chain. Pension 1
at moderate rates t
et sleep, by rehcvi
ib awakes “ as bright as a ■;
Wunl.iW. Booiliiiiv Syrup, “fl
Now v,.rk an,l Lundon." i«»n ‘ '
r Bhiiuld l,e witlimit it. Sold I>1 «H Moilin
A NDERMATT, Switzerland.—Hotel Belle
Gotl^“Ratlwwl ,r M»«n , !fl“iit , lmaRio^afllti°l« t 5»""t.'’Fure ! claaa Hotel, ,VA
%lr- lea, windy than Da ml. Diien amumcr and winter, tor . American.. On the new Drldne. and near tlio landing of the
MiMto augering front Iuiik affect><>n.. tana For a Ions .tay, e.gltt franc, per day
peraotu g cmuaxiy-Kza.Ki.BACH, Proprietor. I 1 -ohl, Proprietor.
VURICH.—Hotel Belle-Vue au Lae. First-
fa class Hotel, mostly^ freqiiented ^by English ^snd
r pHROAT IRRITATION and COUGH.
1 sorene.. and dryne.., tickling and irnutlnn, mlj 1
ff^afSSSiakiwisssiL
at the moment they are excited by the act of suesrag.
glycerine in these agreeabie confections »j nme *
&S. fflaSS 8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Ji-it 7, 1888.—21
LATE CAPTAIN H. B. URMSTON, 6tii PUNJAUB INFANTRY.
KILLED OX THE PVNJAVH FRONTIER.
DOWNING COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
At the recent election to the Mastership of Downing College.
Dr. Alexander Hill. M.A., M.D., Fellow of the College, was
chosen to succeed Professor llirk beck, Q.C. The new Master
was born in 1856, and is a son of Mr. John Hill, of Torrington-
park, Finchley. He entered ns a pensioner at Downing College
in October. 1S74, and was snbsejnently elected a foundation
scholar. He graduated in the Natural Sciences Tripos of 1S77,
obtaining a first class for proficiency in botany, zoology, and
comparative anatomy, hnrnan anatomy, and physiology. After
taking his B.A. degree he devoted hitnself to medicine and
surgery. He has upon two occasions filled the office of
Hunterian Professor of the Royal College of Surgeons ; is
demonstrator of anatomy and teacher of physiology in the
University ; has acted as an examiner for the M.B. examina¬
tions at Cambridge and for the Natural Sciences Tripos ; and
is also examiner in anatomy to the University of Glasgow. He
is author of a work entitled *• The Plan of the Central Nervous
System," and has contributed to the medical journals.
Onr Portrait of the new Master of Downing College is from
a photograph by Messrs. Elliott and Fry, of Baker-street.
STATUE OF GENERAL GORDON AT ABERDEEN.
ABERDEEN STATUE OF GENERAL GORDON.
The monument erected in front (if Robert Gordon’s College at
Aberdeen, to the memory of the late General C. G. Gordon,
whose death in the heroic defence of Khartoum has excited
so much public feeling, was nnveiled on June I<; by the
Marquis of Huntly. as head of ‘ the Gordon elan." It is a fine
bronze statue, the sculptor of which was the late Mr. Stuart
Burnert. ARK. A.. and which was cast by Mr. Adam Walker
at Sir John Steell s foundry in Edinburgh. The figure of
General Gordon is Oft. 6in. in height, and it stands on a
pedestal of granite 0 ft. high. The Art Gallery and Museum,
and Gray's School of Art. adjacent to the building of Gordon's
College, are situated in the new square adorned by this
monument. The late Lord Provost. Mr. Matthews, of Spring-
hill, co-operated zealously with Lord Huntly and the committee
of gentlemen who obtained subscriptions for this work ; and
Lord Provost Henderson, with Mr. Gordon of Newton and
others, took part in the proceedings at its formal dedication.
Among those present was Genernl Man, of the Egyptian
Army, who had served under General Gordon both in China
and in the Soudan.
The Revenue Returns for the first quarter of the financial
year show a net increase of £2(1.1,033 compared with fhe corre¬
sponding qnarter of last year. There are decrease! of £465,000
in property and income-tax. and £2‘*,«H>0in house duty; bul
these are more than counterbalanced by large increases in the
revenue from stamps, customs, excise, the telegraph service,
Crown lands, and miscellaneous sources. For t he year ended
Saturday. June 30, the net decrease was £332,024.
JULY 7, 1888
oo
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE WAR IN SIKKIM.
The British and Indian troops in the mountainous region of
Sikkim, north of Bengal, are opposed to a force of Tibetan
invaders in and about the Jalap Pass. It is stated that the
immediate cause of the attack was a letter addressed to the
leaders, informing them that the oracle of Naitoang, near
Lhassa, had prophesied victory if the attack were delivered
between the 11th and 15th days of the third Tibetan month,
corresponding with May 21 and 25. After a council of war
the force marched in two bodies, one by the Jalap and the
other by the Pcmhyring Pass. Having reached the low Tukola
ridge, between Gnatongnnd the Jalap, the Tibetans formed into
three columns, one to make a frout attack, and the other two
to advance along the spurs flanking theGnatong position. Thesj
worked round to the end of the jungly ridge, north of the
camp. Here several men crept through the wood upon a
picket of the Sherwood Foresters (Derbyshire Regiment),
which retired, bnl not before it had shot the Tibetan leader, a
giant of ft ft. Tin. The Tibetans now came down in large
numbers on the north-eastern face of the camp. It was defended
by some of the pioneers and by a company of the Derbyshire
Regiment. The assailants crept throngh the jungle, availing
themselves of cover, until they occupied a front of 500 yards,
within a distance of 2(H) to 500 yards from our in trench men t.
Here they opened a hot fire from both rifles and matchlocks,
and dropped Bings and bullets among onr ranks and through
our tents. One man crept up to within 300 yards of our
position, and kept np for at least half an hour a most galling,
though ineffectual, fire, completely enfilading one face of our
camp. It required a round of case and a section of Pioneers
to dislodge him. Meantime, the fire from a wooded hill
in front had become so heavy that a half - company of
the Derbyshire ne-iroent. under Lieutenant ^gulden was sent
round to take the men holding it in flank, ihe half-company
worked right round the valley, and became hotly engaged,
losing Sergeant Leekington. who was shot throngh the head.
This diversion had the effect of checking the libctons fire,
obliging them to retire up the hill: and they seemed to lose
a good many men killed and wounded. I he enemy was now
inclined to retreat, and another half-company of the Derby¬
shire Regiment and a party of the 32nd went out under
Captain Gossett. These detachments, pining hands with the
remainder of the Derbyshire Regiment, worked up the valley
between the hills.dri ring before them the retiring enemy among
the trees and inngle. 'the Tibetans, in full retreat, ns they
crossed the Tukolo were fired into by tlio guns, which made
admirable practice at 2300 yards, bursting a shrapnel shell
Umoii"- a large party. Our troops took some prisoners, mostly
wounded, and the enemy's loss must be close upon 200 in killed
and wounded. They were pursued nearly two miles by the
Derbyshire Regiment and by Colonel Bromhead's Sikhs. Our
loss amounted to three men killed and eight wounded. The
men engaged were the flower of the Tibetan army, and many
came from Chumhoo, beyond Lhassa. The road from the
Tukola to Nimla is strewn with the arms, blankets, and bundles
of the retreating force. The position at Gnatoug has since
been strongly fortified, and the latest news, to June 20, is that
the Tibetans seem disinclined to make a further attack.
Our Illustration of the conflict is from a sketch by
Lieutenant A. Heyman, of the Derbyshire Regiment.
The Great Hall at Madame Tussaud's Exhibition is looking
very bright just now, the figures in the Court group having
been bedecked in some costly new dresses.
the late captain h. b. urmston.
Two distinguished officers of the Indian Native Army, Major
Battyc. of tho 5th Ghoorkas, and Captain Urmston, of the 6th
Punjanh Infantry, were killed in June, with six of their men.
near the Oglii outpost in the Agror valley, to the north of
Abbotabad, being suddenly attacked by a large body of Akoxais,
a Black Mountain tribe. Captain Urmston, who loBt his life
in attempting to rescue his wonnded comrade, was eldest sen
of Colonel H. Brabazon Urmston. of Ardenlee, Maidstone. IIo
was educated at Winchester College, and at Brasenose College,
Oxford, but entered the Army in 1871, and joined the 14th Foot
till he was qualified for the Indian Staff Corps. After passing the
higher standard examinations in two native languages, he was
appointed to the Frontier Force (2nd Sikh Regiment), and
soon became Adjutant of the Oth Punjaub Infantry. He
served throughout the Jowaki Campaign, on the Afghan
border, receiving a medal, and was mentioned in the General's
despatches for his able military surveys and sketches. In the
Afghan War of 1879 he was selected by Sir Frederick Roberts
for the duties of transport officer with the Kurnm Force, and
received another medal. In 1883 Captain Urmston was attached
to the intelligence branch of the Army at head-quarters. Simla;
and in 1880 he was appointed by the Government of India to
escort a mission of Japanese officers through India to examine
our chief military stations and arsenals, and the organisation
of our Army. _
Sir Coutts Lindsay lias been induced to hold an Exhibition
of Pastels at the Grosvenor Gallery, during the autumn, on
account of the increasing importance of that branch of art.
The exhibition will open on Saturday, Oct. 20. and the receiving
days will be Monday and Tuesday, Oct. 1 and 2.
jyjETZLER and CO.’S
M ASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
II..M MtHlal*.
Highest Awardsi.
M ASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
Supplied in
Her Majesty Hie queen.
The Km press Eugenic.
JASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
ffMiniiMM' am cy.
St. James’s Hull, Ac.
M ASON and HAMLIN American Organs
may lie bail on
the Three Year*' System of Hire and Purchase,
from 9 m. to £85 per quarter.
M ASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
Liliersl discount for cash.
New I Hum rated Catalogue* i-nt-free.
MKT/.LKR mid CO.. 42. (ireal Marlliorotigh-ulfert. London. W.
J^EW NOVELS AT ALL LIBRARIES.
Now ready,
IN HOT HASTE. By MARY E. HULLAH.
1 Ins vols..crown hvo.
r JHIE REBEL ROSE. In 3 vols., crown 8vo.
I T) Y Express Permission of Her Most Gracious
l* M .)i ft«- v.. and under tbe Patronage of TJ H.
the Priiiee and Prince*!* of Wale*, the Grand Picture of
THBUPKKN AND TIIK WHOLE OF THE U‘*Y.\L FAMILY
I AT WINpstilt )**: i, ON VIEW. f... a ide-it nine only,at
I .1. P. MENDOZA’S. ST. JAMES'S GALLERY, King-street,
X
l.vi\ Admit
JAUHEIM BATHS, near Frankfort-on-the-
• II'Rtli*.
Vniialat
saline, Driukiug.a
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Batli? in
Summi
loot a’ Whey,
on from May 1 to Sept. an.
ted lief ore and after “-
Si DlUKCTK
Now ready,
MODERN BRIGAND.
»lliylc'. nominee." t c.
By the Author
A «?'
r rHE ACADEMICIAN. By HENRY ERROLL,
A Author of “An Ugly Duckling," 4c. In a tola., crown mo.
Now ready,
IOAN VELLACOT. By ESME STUART.
*" Author of •' Muriel'.* Marriage," Ac. In 3 voK.crown «vo.
It nil a ui» Dknti.ky and Hon, New Burhngtofi-*treer.
MISS ^BR ADDON'S NEW NOVEL.
THE FATAL THREE : A ’ Novel. By
the Author of 14 lady Audio's Secret.'' Ac.
\ really aide romance, woven out of ihe live* of men
and wnmeu *uch a* we meet and know in the world around
Loudon.- Simp kin, Marshall, and Co.
Ju*t published, price Od., by post, ejd.,
THE HANDY CHART OF CHESS
1 OPENINGS. By Mr. ALLAN URBENWELL, of the
N*wca*rle-on-Tync Cheat Cluli.
PitANM.ts's, 42, Mnulcy-atreet. NcwcaMle-on-Tync.
"YyiLD FLOWERS at a Glanoe.
Opin
O EG ENT HOUSE—J. ALLISON and CO.
SUMMER SALE HAS NOW COMMENCED. All Fancy
Honda will He Offered at Greatly Reduced Price*. Several
important purchase* have l>een made, and will he included in
ihe Sale. Black and white Mnped Suntil Silk* at 2*. lljd.,
worth 4*. Mcrveill.-iix Satin?, in all t-liadca, ar 2*. Old., very
cheap. Black Merveilleiix and Surali? at 2s. ll)d.. of Hpccinl
value. Coloured and Mack Moire Am nine* at 3*. fijd., worth
7*. fid. Black Moire Prangai* ami Faille* at 4s. 3d., worth 6*.
Washing Costume*, with material for bodice, from 21*. White
embroidered Lawn Skirt*, with material for l*o*lice. from
Si*. Oil. Shrunk Flannel Tenin* Skirt* from 33s. (1*1. Braided
Travelling Cosnimc*coiupleie from73*. 0*1. French Model* at
lialf-pric*-. Striped and rlicekeri washing Zephyr* from t'VI.
y.rd. Cream ami white embroidered llobesfrom HKtM. White
embroidered l.awu Floutiring*. 4| yards w i*le. from 13*. 1*1. A
largo assortment of Tennis Flannel? at lnjd. a yard. Hem-
stitched Cambric Handkerchief* from 4*. fid. tlie dozen. Bull
. I-id. a:
and 242, Regent-si
nety, from
A variety
REGENT
27, Argyll-
T?RESH AIR for POOR LONDON
-T CHILDREN.—For the *m»ll aum of in*. *ub*cribed, a
|HM>r. i«le-fac’d London child can be boarded out for n day*
in the counti v (431 Inst sear-, and |o]7 during the last three
seasons*.—A. STY I.KM AN HERRING, Vicar of St. Paul'?,
Clerkcuwctl, 43, Colchiookn-row, N.
IOHN MARMADUKE TEESDALE deceased
*' I',! ;■ • ■ i the Act of Purliumoiit "f t lie 22ml ami 23rd
Victoria Cap 33 intituled “An Act to further amend the Law
of Property and to relieve Trustee*.' 1
NOTICE is hereby given that all Creditor* and person*
having any claim* or demand-upon or m anywise nffeciiug
the E-tate of John Mar mad like TeesdaJe laic «»f The Lodge
Effingham in tlio Coituty of Surrey and 6 Frederick’n-plnec
Old Jewry in the City of London Solicitor deceased (who
died on the 27th day of May law and Probate of whose Will
wn* granted on the 27th day "f June ins* nut of the Principal
Registry of theProlmte Du u*i«»n of Hot Majesty'* High Court
of Justice to Martuadukc John Tecsdale <<l The Treasury
Whitehall in the County of Middlesex Solicitor. Edmund
Tlmma* Moore Tee*dnlcoiG Frcdcnck's-placc Old Jewry in the
City of London Solicitor, and Major-General Sir Christopher
Cliarb’H Tee*dnlo of Boguor in the County of Sii*m?x V.C.,
C.B., K.C.M G.) are hereby required on'or before the 3I»t
day of July next to send in particular* of U
..i the City of London a.... .. ...
will proceed to distribute ihe a**et* of the said
...“1 only to tin-claim* of which ih«
ve had nolieeand the said Kxce
ic said asset* of the deceased u.
ited to any |ier*ou of whose deb
:n have had u< '
" i.»* Tkfi
tv-pho-
Hd J
iOLDEN HAIR—Robares AUREOLINE
I. l'K
■ I.—DlPKi
Rchor
1*., post-free,
SUMMER CATARRH OR HAY FEVER;
It* Cause*. Symptom*, and Treatment. By GF.OItGE
MOORE.M.I). “ Dr. Moure *pamphlet will bcfullof interest.' —
Saturday Review*.
J. Kit? and Cm, 170, Piccadilly, and 4*, Thread need le-stroet.
f 1ANCE1
Vy DISPKI
Kb ....|_H
THE HUMAN HAIR ; Why it Falls Off
1 "r Turns Grey, and the Remedy. By PROFESSOR
llAltI.EY PARKER. Published by K. Mli.i.d.31,Clavertmi-
•(., S. w. “ Kverybody should read this little book.”—.Scotsman.
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BENEFIT of M<?* ELLEN TERRY and LAST NIGHT of
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k. Secretary and General Manager.
[TALIAS EXHIBITION,
L West Dromptoii, Karl*s-Court. and West Kensington.
Patron
HIS MAJESTY the KING of ITALY.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
1 THE GREAT SUCCESS OF 1***.
THE EXHIBITION OF THE YEAR.
ITALIAN SCULPTURE. PAINTINGS, ami INDUSTRIES.
At 4 ami >•.»» win. Daily, W« t nr Dry.
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U III R T S —FORD S EUREKA DRESS
O SHIRTS. To wear with .»ne *tud centre of Front. Sixteen
different sizes, 14 to la inch neck, ready for me, 4s. Gd.
7*.fid..ys.«d.-lL FORD and CO.. 41, Poultry, London.
IgHIRTS.—FOBD'S
»>t 1
Illustrated Self-
R. FORD and CO.,
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S
U I R T S.— FORD S
DRESS SHIRTS.
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London.
Fureka
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m lie had at the B>
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no. 1203. The Ladies' pattern
of Perry & Co.’s Patent Planished
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Price Is. per Box of 2 Dozen.
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acli: Pani .H,3*.tMl. t
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ll Person* visiting NOTTINGHAM during the allow week
should eall at W. COTTON S. WEEKDAY-CROSS; £»•£»
AYLOR’S CIMOLITE is the only
thoronshly li.nnl.M SKIN POWDKU. PronHWl •»'•»
experienced Chwniiat,and constantly pre*cril»ed l»y the molt
eminent Skin Doctor*. Post-free. Send 14 or 36 penny *i *
TAYLOR. Cbemiat, 13, Baker-etreet, London, W.
illustrated
LONDON- NEWS
___ ^LTKNTSH TJT^ t)L r (; 7 n ) ^
OETZMANN <
t, « 6 . 7 ’. 69 ’ 7,1 73 ’ 76 - 77 ' «
HAMPSTEAD-]
P A-Dn-nmn ^ TottenWoonrt - r °'“ “«* °ower- s treet s
CARPETS, FURNITURE, BEDDIN
furnishing ironmongery, CHINA, I
ORDERS per post PvrtPTtTT, -
T (Regd.)
Dining-Room Furnished Complete fop
< "jisi.sts of a Comfortable Couch, two Eos v -('in r « in i
« handsome Ridehoanl, with cuphtirdTaSKol&fV.
55J*I , .°r Dining-Table, with pa ten t wrp w ^
Vase, with loose lining, for 217’ Fende
ROWLANDS’
KAL7D0R
the name “LOUIS,” an
yard, from the cheapes
't, is guaranteed. Ladie
imples of the New Shade
! an(i CO., Holborn-circns
supply all shades and al
isonable prices.
tjk is a soothing preparation
m, tor the Skin; It
« REMOVES SUNBURN,
fan. Freckles, Rough-
X noss of the Skin ; soothes
| Insect Stings; rendera
. the Skin Soft and
H nciicatc, and produces a
jw» lair and
W DELICATE COMPLEXION.
IK _ Bottles. 4s. 6d.
W Half Bottles, 2s. 3d.
great summer
PRICES
PROCEEDING AT
I’lv-inve
i»mlo ir
ROWLANDS’ KALYDOR.
Family Mourning and Black
Goods Warehouse.
great bargains
WILL BE OFFERED
IN EACH DEPARTMENT,
all the rich goods
having been
VERY MUCH REDUCED IN PRICE
Purposely for this Sale.
for INDIGESTION.
CAMOMILE PILLS
Are confident',, rm.inmrnd, at,,* « ah , lpl , huUfrluul
INDIGESTION.
krauss *E. <
60, HAYMARKET, S.W
THE BEAUTY Of THE SKIN
„ POUDRE D’AMOUR,
PARED by PICARD
1 Croydon , 1885.
er from Indigestion
'tippy to sny that /
been relieved but
iff Norton's Pills ,
neml them to all
“Having been a suffere
for many years , I am lit
hare at lust not only
perfectly cured by nsitu
and confidently rceomm
suffering from 'the same.
mourning
WAREHOUSE,
j_256 to 262, REGENT-STREET. LOUDON.
warmly recomi
S?™£ ATH ' TRAP of sewer-gas,
PUTREFACTION , he., by the timely
^EILIMAN'S,
«T eye
DISINFECTANTS,
FLUID, POWDER,
AND SOAP.
JnBetlUs
EACH
\swm
ists and’
- JEYE§V
pMpypjoo
33 PRIZE MEDALS.
El LjMAFs~UNW?Wsir~g
Rheumatist^ lua
SPRAI NS.
ROBINSON
--CLEAVERS
CAMBRIC POCKET
HANDKERCHIEFS.
MAPPIN & WEBB,
?« m pies
», post-fr\
•lied
3CTUBERS,
at Warehouse Prices.
Ohlltll
Supply the Pub]
ROBINSON X CLEAVER BELFAST'
!gj!^yLLMAN^fstohEh g
Perfume
A Dream of
Lovelines
■his, FULL ANTIQUE FLUTED TEA AND
mS7 COFFEE SERVICE.
UMKjj sterling Silver, kM 3s.; Best Electro, £ j ras .
mH V,:DnlV(i PRESENTS, TESTIMONIAL PIATT
BIRTHDAY GIFTS.
illustrated catalogue post-free.
=^' OXFORD-STREET, W.;
utlcry AND POULTRY, E.C., LONDON.
Maxcfactokiss and SKoir-Rooxa:
3S, King-street, Covent-garden; and Norfolk-et., Sheffleld.
HEROD'S
a g**rfui malady
r «*au85Ktis
MAPPIM and WEBB*5 Celebrated Serricca of
in utock, in all sizes, fitted in strong
_ X3 ]OS., £9 10s., £11 I *a f 17 jrv» ,
8 PEC IA L DETAILED 'LIST £(.
f Plato and Cu
r oak chests,
£*, Ac.
1 OST-FK E E.
London
THE
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Jilv 7, 18§8.-24
RAMBLING SKETCHES : A DESERTED VILLAGE —WITTERSHAM, KENT.
The “ Rambling Sketches” pablished this week were taken at
Wittersham, a small village in the south-west corner of Kent,
almost on the border-line between that county and Sussex. It
is in the centre*>f the ‘‘Isle of Oxneyan elevated tract of
land, containing Wittersham and two other parishes, between
two branches of the little river Itother. In its prosperous
days Wittersham was a wealthy place, as may be inferred
from the size of the beautiful old church, which stands high
above the village, a conspicuous landmark for miles round.
One Boner, a " spicer and mercer ” of Wittersham, was a thorn
in the side of the Mayor of Wye in Henry VI.'s time. He
insisted npon *• hawking with spices ” about the streets of
Rye in spite of the Mayor's frequent warnings, and was
punished at last by the forfeiture of his stock and a fine.
The grants of lands and marshes to parishioners of Witters¬
ham under the Lancastrian Kings indicate that the old com¬
mune was in a happier condition in the Middle Ages than it is
at present. The agricultural folk had their village plays. The
‘ players of Wittersham.” the “players of Romney." the
‘ players of Herne, ' and other little local commonwealths of
East Kent, used to visit the towns and exhibit their “ plays at
Whitsuntide. The “ Play of the Passion" as rendered by the
ancestors of the Wittersham agricultural population four cen¬
turies ago, was doubtless akin to the still extant Passion plays
of Ober-Ammergau and other villages in Germany.
The whole village, with its still increasing number of empty
houses, wears a sleepy and decayed look, and has changed its
condition sadly since the Middle Ages, when it formed tne
centre of a rich and flourishing parish. But the view, seen
from any point of the compass, is very picturesque. It is so
from the Rye-road, whence the place is seen
lying in a hollow, with a lovely stretch of
distance beyond. The approach to the main
s'reet from Sussex, where the tower of the
ohnrch groups wonderfully well with the
houses below it, is also pleasing : and so is the
road at the opposite end of the village, stretch¬
ing away towards Tenterden and Ashford.
These views are worthy subjects for the artist’s
pencil. There is also a charming prospect from
the churchyard, where the great grey tower of
the church contrasts admirably with the red
roofs and chimneys of the village street. The
inside of the church is worth a visit, if only to
see the interior of the tower, where the great
weights of the clock hang down in very
primitive fashion.
STATUE OF SIR WILLIAM
WALLACE.
The Aberdeen bronze statue of Sir William
Wallace was unveiled on June 29, by the
Marquis of Lome. The hero is represented
giving an answer of defiance to the English
demands. The smn of £3000 was left by the
late Mr. John Steell, sculptor, of Edinburgh
for the erection of this statue; and the
trustees, with the aid of their coadjutors Sir
J. Noel Patou. R.S.A., and Ur. Itowand
Anderson, selected the design by Mr. W. Grant
Stevenson,from twenty-five competing models.
The Btatne, which has been successfully cast in
bronze by Messrs. Young and C'o., Pimlico, is
111 ft. high, and is the largest in Scotland.
THE ILLUSTRATED L ONUQN NEWS, J„.
J. Noel Paton. R.S.A., and Dr. Ilowand
Anderson, selected the design by Mr. W. Grant
Stevenson, from twenty-five competing models.
The statue, which has been successfully cast in
bronze by Messrs. Young and C'o., Pimlico, is
lfi ft. high, and is the largest in Scotland
The freedom of the city of Aberdeen was
presented to the l.arquis of Lome, who in his
speech referred to the project of Imperial
Federation and united defences.
PICTURE OF QUEEN VICTORIA AND
FAMILY.
The picture of the Queen surrounded by her
family, fifty-fot* in number, which is now on
view at the St. .ames's Gallery (King-street
St. James s). has a special claim to our notice
for it is really interesting as a work of art!
M. Tuxen, the Danish artist, shows that’
though difficult, it is nevertheless possible to
arrange artistically and satisfactorily a number
of persons, all claiming certain rights as to
position and precedence, and, so far as the
men are concerned, arrayed in costumes which
idmit of no modification or poetic treatment
51. Tuxen has, moreover, gone a step farther
n managing to group, in a great measure, the
tarious branches of the Queen’s family Her
Majesty, seated on a sofa, occupies the’ centre
if the canvas, and sheisin the act of receiving
i bouquet from her grandchild. Princess Alice
if Albany, whose widowed mother is kneeling
.eside the child. All the small children and
grandchildren occupy places in the foreground
o that they are not obscured by their rela!
ives of larger growth. The Empress of
.ermany occupies the other end of the sofa on whin
lueea » seated, and behind her is Princess Christian
•hose chair the stalwart figure of the late Emperor Free
iwers, the most majestic figure in the scene. Inline,!
? tmd r> a "ii>= gainst the mantelpiece, is Prince -5
ictor, the Prince of Wales being the central standing!
FASHIONABLE MARRIAGES.
Sir Charles Stewart Forbes, Bart, of Cast]
Mavwil “ n 8 h i re i and - Miss Emma Th “do.
Ingest daughter of the late M
Robert Maxwell, were married, on July ■> at S
Peter s Church, Eaton-square. Sir Charles wa
accompanied by the Earl of Dudley, his cousii
as best man. The eight bridesmaids were-
Aliss Angela Maxwell, sister of the bride
Misses Evelyn, Blanche, and Mabel Forhe,
Grenf 8 n f • b "‘* e g r °Qm J Miss Mariqnit
nf th*'V", M I 88 Winifred Sandbach, cousii,
Of the bride ; Lady Edith Ward and Miss Id;
F orbes, cousins of the bridegroom. The brid
was conducted to the altar by her brother
Captain John G. Maxwell (of the Black Watch)
imme v ai VT he |? b * three P^es
namely, Master Francis FitzGibbon, he;
Grenfell^ her^courins. 8 Francis aad R iver,lah
chTrch f nf° r \- Ell ! mUk ’u t0Ok plaoe in th e parish
June os Mr T^ Loe ’ on
th„ M Re F' nald Gordon Wickham was
fivebrkh™mm-? nd rf ihe M ,rid t ' Va8 0ttended
nvc bridesmaids—the Hon. Nina Murray. Miss
Mar™, a ; U L M " i8 C ‘ ara Gore-La,igtoi,: Miss
Margaiet Sknne, and Miss Geraldine Waring
Masters Evelyn and Robert Gore-Langton
acted as pages to the bride.
The marriage of Lord Carew with Miss
" daughter of the late Mr.
bite Si, T brld ^ e :f ld grand-daughter of the
P-rlr b T Jc " [ ' Lethbridge, Bart., of Sandhill
Pz.rk, Taunton, was solemnised in .St. George's
F^rl'of’ r Hal i!° Ver ' Sqnare ’ on Jnne 27 ■ The
Earl of Caithness attended his cousin as best
man; and the five bridesmaids were Miss
A. Lethbridge, sister of the bride: Miss
Prideaux I rune, Miss Cliffe, Miss Hoste and
Miss Nesta Carew. The bride was led to the
a tar by her uncle, Sir Wroth Lethbridge who
afterwards gave her awav. The service was
fully choral, the Rev. Edward S. I'rideaux
Brune, cousm of the bridegroom, officiating.
Theinspection of the Royal Military Asylum
by the Duke of Cambridge, took place on j'ul v ■)’
Mr. Klinkicht, the well-known eimraver
lias had the Cross of the Order of Francis
Joseph conferred on him by the Emperor of
Austria for exhibiting some of the largo
portraits engraved for this Journal.
On June .30 the 2nd City of London Rifles
were inspected on the Horse Guards Parade
, hy . f Golonel Home, Grenadier Guards, the
battalion of nearly 700 officers and men being
under the command of Colonel Cantlow. In
Regent s Park Colonel Tucker inspected the
1st -Volunteer Battalion Royal Fusiliers, which
had on parade over 300 officers and men com.
mamled by Colonel Clark; and the’West
Middlesex Rifles, about 500 strong, were also
Scots Guards. Tn^Park TTleoLe^Rffies™^’
B b , e to r befn°i 0 - 61 Wigra ” of T th ' e Goldstreams, Colonel
Manley B,rd being in command. In Kennington Park the
i *nS n bf M !°v f the We8t Regiment were
mi
■■■■• - • r I 5 ; 11 ;
i JJm m
■ ?:m
'
AfafcSfe -t
Pill
'
2G
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From oki- own Correspondent.)
PAitlS, Tudsday, July 3.
The election in the Charente has ended, as might have been
expected, in the victory of the Conservative, M. Gellibert des
Seguins. by 37.514 votes: M. Weiller, Opportunist, came second,
with 11,691 ; and M. Deroulcde. third, with 11,691. In the
Loiret, the Conservative candidate, M. Julien Dnmas, was
elected. Boulangism being apparently on the wane, the
attacks against the Floqnet Ministry have begun once more,
and, unless Boulanger succeeds in stirring np the country by
some new manoeuvre, we may expect a Ministerial crisis one
of these days; or, at the best, we may look forward to the fall
of Floqnet with the first autumn leaves. Thus, it appears, the
political situation in France is, as usual, unsettled, but not
gravely so.
At the ohurch of St. Sulpiee last Sunday Cardinal Lavigerie,
Archbishop of Algiers and of Carthage, preached a sermon in
favour of the abolition of slavery in Africa. St. Sulpiee is the
first station of the crusade which the Cardinal will continue to
preach next week in Belgium. The Cardinal, described the
African slave-trade as being more violent and atrocious than
ever in Morocco, in the oases of the Sahara, at Timbuctoo, on
the Niger, on the Red Sea, along the Zambesi, and especially
in the region of the great lakes in the very centre of Equa¬
torial Africa. The number of slaves captured amounts to
from four to five hundred thousand a year—almost exclusively
women and children, for the slave-hunters kill the men. The
slave-dealers, who are all Mussulmans, have ferocious hordes
of half-breeds and even of negroes at their orders ; they attack
villages, burn the houses, kill the men who resist, and drive
the women and children to the slave-markets, exercising
horrible cruelty upon all. Cardinal Lavigerie says that if this
slave traffic continues, the interior of Africa will become an
absolutely depopulated desert in less than fifty years. In con¬
cluding his discourse, the Cardinal made an appeal to the
press, without distinction of opinions or tendencies, to make
known these horrors to the whole univerBe. The dream of
Cardinal Lavigerie would be the creation of a new military-
religious order, for it is only possible to put an end to this
slave trade by armed force. Indeed, it is announced from
Home that the Pope is preparing a bull to confirm the Order
of Malta with all its ancient privileges, specially with a view
to stamping out this Central African slave trade.
The scaffolding is now being removed from round the
Gambetta monument on the Place du Carrousel, which is to
be inaugurated with some ceremony on July 13. Designed
by the sculptor Aube and the architect Boileau, the monument
is composed of a pylon, slightly pyramidal in shape, sur¬
mounted by a winged lion, on whose back sits a nude female
figure wearing a Phrygian cap, and representing “ Triumphant
Democracy." In oue hand this figure holds thunderbolts,
while with the other she inscribes on a tablet the “ Declaration
of the Rights of Man.’’ At the base of the pylon, on the
front, is a high relief group, representing Gambetta stimu¬
lating the national defence, figured by a soldier and a
sailor, while above, the genius of France soars with spread
wings, seeming to listen to Gambetta's soul-stirring words.
The pylon is further ornamented with emblems in bronze,
and with citations from Gambetta's speeches graven in
the stone ; and on the lateral faqades are bronze figures
symbolising the army, industry, truth, strength: The monu¬
ment is entirely of stone and of bronze: its total height is
80 ft.; its cost has been 350,000f. Some of the sculpture is
very fine, but it is to be feared that the monument as a whole
is wanting in simplicity and clearness of signification. What
a strange idea, too. to cover the column with fragments of
speeches, which are. after all, mere newspaper phrases that
have already lost their force! In another ten years these high-
sounding phrases will require volumes to explain them. But
the great objection to be made to the inscriptions is that they
break up the monument, and leave no simple surfaces where
the eye might rest.
The Paris Municipal Council is meditating grave modi¬
fications in the contract between the city of Paris and the
General Omnibus Company, which, since 1834, has enjoyed an
exclusive monopoly, in return for which it is bound to main¬
tain certain lines at a loss, for the convenience, however, of the
public. Thus at present there are thirty-six lines of omnibuses
running in Paris, and of these last year eighteen produced a
net total of 1,843,73(1 francs, while the other eighteen were
worked with a loss of 1,015.361 francs. There are two pro¬
positions before the Council: one to abolish the monopoly, the
other to authorise the creation of rival lines. Either course
will lead to complicated lawsuits between the city and the
company.
The great feature of the July 14 celebration this year will
be a monster dinner offered to the Mayors of France. This
dinner of over 4000 covers will be served on the Champ de Mars
in one of the galleries of the Exhibition building parallel with
the Avenue de la Bourdonnais, which will be splendidly
decorated for the occasion with tapestry hangings and plants.
On July 14, likewise, by decision of the irrepressible Municipal
Council, the Avenue du Trone and the Place dn Trone will be
rebaptised in the name of the famous brewer, Santerre, who
distinguished himself in the capture of the Bastille, and also
in massacring the prisoners of the Abbaye.
There is once more talk, and this time serious talk, of erect¬
ing a monument of some kind in honour of Honore de Balzac,
the author of the “ Comddie Humaine.” The Society des Gens
de Lettres have taken the matter up, the press is beating the
drums of publicity, and the subscription-list has started well.
It is proposed to inaugurate the monument during the Exhi¬
bition year. Now-a-days everything is connected with 1889.
The Government itself is setting the example by seizing every
opportunity of making the Exhibition of 1889 and its success
a political lever.
The Journal Official has published elaborate and curious
statistics on the application of the divorce law in France, in
1884,1885, and 1886. In 1886 the number of divorces and separ¬
ations exceeded 7000. The average of marriages ending in
divorce appears to be 9 in 1000. The class of people who head
the list of demands for divorce are workmen and day-labourers,
then come tradespeople, next independent persons and members
of the liberal professions, next domestic servants, and, last of
all, farmers. Of the divorces, 40 per cent are demanded by
the husband and 60 per cent by the wife.
The total receipts of the Salon exhibition of paintings and
sculpture, which closed last Saturday, amounted to 332,000f.,
and the number of free entries to 314.000. The expenses of
the Salon amount to 240.000L, so that there remains a profit of
160,000f., which, added to the already existing; capital, 747,429f.,
thus makes the Societe des Artistes Framjais possessors of a
capital of upwards of 900,000f. T. C.
The Emperor and Empress of Germany were present at
Divine service in the Friedenskircho on Sunday morning,
July 1, and prayed in silence beside the coffin of the Emperor
Frederick. The Emperor has addressed a Rescript to Prince
JULY 7,
Bismarck, in which he deplores the “ evil days ” which have
recently fallen upon the Imperial House, and
deep affection manifested for his father
and foreign lands. He gives his assurance that like his
ancestors he will devote himself to promote andc^^^^B
the welfare of the country. It is stated in BciliuSBMjF
interview of the Emperor with the Czar will take place in
a German Baltic port some time in July.—The Empress
Victoria, in returning thanks for the addresses of condolence
presented to her Majesty by the civic authorities, expressed
her resolve to continue to give her co-operation in all efforts
for humanitarian objects.
The Emperor and Empress of Austria, accompanied by the
Archduchess Marie Valerie, havegoneto Gastein. TheAustrian
and Hungarian Delegations having passed the Bills required
by the Ministry, their sessions have been closed.
The Spanish Cortes virtually closed on July 2 with the
vote of the Budget by the Senate, after protracted debates with
the Protectionists, whose amendments were all defeated, the
Government declaring its determination to persevere with the
present tariff policy.
The Great Horse Show at Brussels has been closed with a
procession of all the horses exhibited before the Queen of the
Belgians, one of the best judges of a horse in Europe. Mr.
Walter Gilbey, of Elsenham Hall, received a gold medal as the
foreign exhibitor who had contributed most to the success of
the show.—The exhibition of hygiene and life-saving apparatus
in the Park Leopold, at Ostend, is now open. The exhibitors
number about 400, and the exhibits, of which many possess
considerable interest, are divided into seven sections.
A New York correspondent telegraphs that the Duke of
Marlborough was married, on June 29, by the Mayor, Mr.
Hewitt, to Mrs. Lilian Warren Hammersley.—A hundred
thousand ironworkers in the Western States of America have
gone on strike.
Severe fighting is reported from Zululand. A force, com¬
posed of British troops and police, with native levies, attacked
the rebel chief Ishingana, and utterly routed him, the loss
being heavy on both sides.
The Theatre for July contains excellent photographic
portraits of Miss Marie Tempest and Mr. Charles Santley.
A meeting was held at the Mansion Honse on June 29 in
support of the movement to obtain an endowment towards
the maintenance of College Hall, Byng-place, Gordon-sqnare,
established to provide a residence for women studying at
University College and the London School of Medicine for
Women. Earl Granville presided; and the meeting was
addressed by Mrs. Scharlieb, the Rev. J. C. Harrison, Sir
George Grove, Sir J. Lubbock, Professor Henry Morley, and
Lady Grant Duff.
MARRIAGE.
On June 21, at tho parish church of All Saints', Wandsworth, by the
Rcv.C. H. Andrews. Vicar of Kentish Town, assisted by the Rev. Win. Heed,
Vicar of All Saints, H. W. P. Kooystra, Fleet Paymaster R.N., to Lucy
Constance Maria, second daughter of Thomas Symonds Howell, of The Old
Vicarage, Wandsworth.
DEATHS.
On June 16, at Oakwooil House, Taptonville-cresccnt, Sheffield, Joseph
Barnsley, of the Arm of George Barnsley and Sons, aged 46.
On June 27, at Wcstgate-on-Sea, Joseph Sherwood, Esq., of 61, West*
bourne-terrace, W., aged 78.
•** The charge for the insertion of Births, Marriages, and Deaths,
is Five Shillings .
IVTAPLE and OO., Manufacturers of
■ LX DINING-ROOM FURNITURE. Tbe largest assort¬
ment to choose from, as well as the best possible value.
Throe more houses have just been added to tills important
department. Half a century’s reputation.
-JVTAPLE and CO.’S NEW SPECIMEN
JJ - L DINING-ROOMS, decorated and fully appointed with
Limitnre in pollard oak. brown oak, Chipjjendak* mahogany,
antique carved ouk, American walnut, and other woods, are
now open to the public, and should lx? seen by all Intending
purchasers.
THESE ROOMS arc not only helpful as
showing the effect of the furniture when arranged in an
MAPLE L CO
TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD, LONDON, W.
THE LARGEST AND MOST CONVENIENT
FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENT
apartment, but also most suggestlvo as regards decorative
treatment, os well as a guide to tho entire cost of furnishing
in any selected style.
THE SEVILLE LADY’S EASY CHAIR,
In Saddlebags of rich Persian design and colourings, mounted
on velvet, £3 15$.
DINING-ROOM FURNITURE
MAPLE and CO. devote special attention
J -’- L to tho production lit high-class iTinTnG-ROuM
FURNITURE that wilt afford |* rnioncnt satisfaction In
wear Tho numerous recommendations wllh which Messrs.
Marie ami Uo. have been favoured by cu-iomers who have
used the furniture for years is a pleasing testimony to the
excellence of the articles,
TAPLE and CO.-DINING-ROOM
■SUITES. -The LICHFIELD SUITE, in solid oak,
wdn'.r, o.* mahogany, coupling of six small and two elbow
ciairs In lent her, dining table with patent screw, also Earlr
Emrll-sh sideboard with plate glass back ; and titled with
collaret, 16 guineas.
MAPLE and CO—DINING-ROOM
■ LU * SUITES.—The STAFFORD SUITE, comprising six
nm.-ill chairs, two easy chairs In leather, telescope dining
tablo. sideboard with pinto glass back and collaret, and dinner
waggon, In light or dark oak, walnut or ash ; very substantial
In character ; 23 guineas.
yURNITURE FOR EXPORTATION.
iriSITORS as wefl as MERCHANTS are
V INVITED to INSPECT ihe largest FURNISHING
ESTABLISHMENT In the world. Hundreds of Thousands
of round!*' worth of Furniture. JkMkieadu, Cnrj«tt», Curtains,
*c„ all ready for immediate shipment. Having large sqMue.nll
goojt are packed on the premises by experienced packers--
very utwenilal when goods are for exportation so as to insure
safe delivery. The reputation of half a century.
JNDIAN CARPETS.
INDIAN CARPETS AT
IMPORTERS’ PRICES.—M Al’I.E and CO. recent*
all I lie Finest (Qualities of INDIAN CARPETS direct
from their Agents, and sell them at Imi-t.ruin' Prices,
IN THE WORLD.
TURKEY CARPETS.
A TURKEY CARPET is, above
mLXm nil others, tho most, mutable for the Dming-ronm,
its agreeable warmth of colouring enhancing the effect
of the furniture ami decorations,ami indicating alike
MAPLE and CO. have also a great
number of really fine Indian Can on*, measuring
about 1L*ft. by 9ft.,which they are offering at the low
price of ? guineas, as well as a varied assortment of
other sizes at proportionate prices.
PERSIAN CARPETS AT
]>ipoi;ti:i:> im: n is.-- mi i i, .if
y MAPLE and C
TO BUYERS of ORIENTAL
A CARPETS. — MAPLE mid To. . ffor exceptional
facilities to buyers of ORIENTAL CARPETS. Tim goods
TURKEY CARPETS AT
IMPORTERS’ PRICES,—MAPLE and CO. are not
only the Largest Importers of TURKEY CARPETS,
but, having a itranch Rouse at Smyrna, with Agency at,
Oucliak.thc centre of Hie weaving district, are able to
exercise close supervision over tlie whole process of
manufacture, which is the only way that excellence of
colouring and workmanship can he guaranteed. In i his
way. Maple and savo Turkey Carpet buyers at least
two intermediate profits.
J^JAFLE and CO.—PARQUETERIE
MAPLE and CO —PARQUETERIE
FLOORING for Dimmr, Billiard, or Smoking
ltooms: also for Ball-room.. I'ui.hc Halle, Vestibules, as
II). displayed and nmiiilcl] examined. of Wood at Urcatly Keduced Prices.
THE SEVILLE SUITE IN SADDLEBAGS AND VELVET.
THE SEVILLE SETTEE, Persian Design and Coverings, mounted on
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by TTUNDREDS of THOUSANDS of
'•- NIC,;* 1 A';..'.II. r Me.. a-:,.. I-.il Mis' WulSTII of Manufacture* tiOODfi
MAPLE & CO., London, Paris, Smyrna, & 134, Caile Florida, Buenos Ayres.
THE SEVILLE CENT.’S EASY CHAIR,
In Saddlebags of rich Persian design anil colourings, mounted
on velvet, £5 10s.
BED-ROOM SUITES.
TyTAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
Appointment to her Majesty the Queen. The system
of business is ns established fifty years ago—namely, ‘small
profits on large retumH for net cash. Acres of show-rooms
for the display of first-class manufactured furniture.
TVTAPLE’S FURNISHING STORES are
the largest in the world, and one of the sights of
London. Acres of show-rooms. The highest clnss of furni¬
ture, carpets, and curtain materials. Novelties every day
from all parts of the globe. Haifa century's reputation.
MAPLE and CO., Timber Merchants and
- L *" direct importers of the finest Woods, Manufacturers
of Dlnlng-Koom and other Furniture by steam power and
improved machinery. Tottenham-court-rood. Factories:
Beaumont - place. Euston-road : .Southampton - buildings ;
Liverpool-road; Park-street, Islington; dec.
500 IN STOCK.
MAPLE and CO -BED-ROOM SUITES.
Tile WHITBY SUITE, In solid ash or walnut,
consisting of wardrobe with pl%ie-gkuts door, toilet table
with glass affixed, washstand with marble top and tile back,
pedestal cupboard, and three chairs, £10 IS*. Illustration
free. _ _
MAPLE and CO—BED-ROOM SUITES.
The SCARBOROUGH SUITE, in solid ash or walnut,
including wardrobe with plate-glass doors, and new-shapeu
washstand, £12 15s.; or. with bedstead and spring bedding.
£1710s. Designs and full particulars free.
MAPLE and CO.-BEDSTEADS.
MAPLE and CO. have seldom less than
Ten Thousand BEDSTEADS in stork, comprising
some 600 various imtterns. In sizes from 2 ft, 6 In. to 6 ft.« m-
wide. ready for Immediate dcllverx on the day of pnrelinsc,
ir desired. The dlsunpnlritnattftmd delay incident to choosing
from designs only, where Bin a limited slock la kept, is thus
avoided. _
POSTAL ORDER DEPARTMENT.
Messrs. MAPLE and CO. beg respectfully to state that
this department is now so organised that they arc fully pre-
pared to execute and supply any article that can possibly oc
required In Furnishing, at tho Mtmo price, if not lew, tnan
any other house in England. Patterns sent and quotations
given free of charge.
JULY 7. 1833
BENSON'S KEYLESS
“LUDGATE."
gold.
BENSON’S WATCHES
— i*LI ™. ,,KST timekkepkrs.
SILVER,
BENSON’S
LUDGATE,’
GOLD,
m ‘ EDS '-f TE8TIMOXI.U.S PROH ALL
lhelr cic i lent timekcopli
B ENSON'8
UDY-S KEYLESS WATCH. /
. . '■- If
THE WORLD
GOLD,
THE BEST AND CHEAPEST KEYLESS
ENGLISH LEVER (Patent No , w
EVER MADE AT THE PRICE
STRONG KEYLESS ACTION
5U r r''. , :! , : V -i.m
00LD ALQ ERT CB
match, from fci i5g.
SOLE MAKE
04, LUDGATE-HILL,
Excels all Other. lor Accra* end Veins. (Petent No. 4658
STEAM FACTORY
OLD CASKS, £20.
^ itH! ahSssu.
LADIES’ DRESSES.
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
SPEARMAN
SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH.
exquisite dress materials
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
The highest taste, l„.»| ,,„„mie„, and rlieane„l
price., | n |>are Wool only.
Onler. are Carrtagr raw • nn ,I any IP np,h u cut
Tlra- bcamiful Good. are ™p,J|«| Ul|k .
theimelra,. not through A arm. „r I.™.
UMBRELLAS,
'„ rnu SEE THISjNAMEISSir X
;EVERY UMBRELLA!FRAME YOU BUY
S.FOX &IC?LlMITFn
.1 4.'''T ] , fc
MARV4S ,
SAMUEL FOX & Co.
added to
decided improv
Letters Patent)
Stability and
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co.,
laeture the Steel st
•heir frames and «i
provide exceptional
merely nominal pr: c
makes. v
to_their celebrated frame
lovemems (protected Ir
• ) which stive increase;
greater Neatness to tl;
SPEARMAN no SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH
DEVON,
ROBINSON £ CLEAVER’S
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
PURE CONCENTRATED
Ask your Gro cer for a Sample, gratis.
ROBINSON £ CLEAVER,
BELFAST.
How Remly. Tenth Edition.
IRON HURDLES, 6ATES, TREE GUARDS
i j «»«f f t j
MWISS, JONES, £ BAUISS, WOLVERHj
— U “ d ™ 8i »»-Room.: 139 a ul.CAWoS"
_ SCHWEUZEK’S
TREBLE
GRIP^.:
EXPRESS RIFLES.
HENRY OR MFTFORD
• -K a N/FL/NG
COCOATINA
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa
Ol’JRAKTEED I'EIt,
Sold In 1 lb., j ib.
_ BT CHEMISTS.
or Chocolate Powder.
E SOI. EE RE COCOA.
D/AGRAMSVi
SETJT. ,1
LOWEST \
TRAJECTORY
•IFI.IN f„ r
GREAT ACCURACY
A ' LKAB SK,X Beautiful Complexion
h. «... ,,
WALKER S CRYSTAL CASE
rr’h ,• ill' Oita ■ . nf « ,,
niNNEFORD’S FLUID MAGNESIA
j^^ ^THAN </THE SWORD
Marlboro'
Tandem.
ink mm I.Wlo,ijrer.
>Ki Cd. and Is. per bix.
hi,,nine, but giro'a
Sols Manuracturers,
ht.. or irith
Station! rn.
'Ohf & GLASS
EDI NBU RGH
New Easy Payment System .
Jlarlboro*
SO. 1.
KBATIOM
Cold Medal, Inventions, 1885.
28
TEE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
y Him fniKriiut and e*Juta
FOOD.
BENJAMIN EDGINGTON’S
Water Repellent
GREEN ROT-PROOF
RICK CLOTHS.
FOB INFANTS AND INVALIDS,
For Price-List and Particulars address
BENJAMIN EDGINGTON,
LIMITED,
2, DUKE-STREET, LONDON BRIDGE.
MADE WITH BOILING WATER.
EPPS’S
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
COCOA
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
cvoimm
i In the most perfoct Emollient Milk for
PRESERVING AND BEAUTIFYING
THE SKIN EVER PRODUCED.
It soon rcmlcre It Suit. Smooth, and White; entirely
remove* and prevent* all
ROUGHNESS, REDNESS, SUNBURN, TAN, ic.,
an! preaervrs tho Skin from the efforts of tho
SUN, WIND, or HARD WATER
’ more effectually than any other preparation.
No lsuly who value* her complexion should ever be
without it, ns It Is Invaluable at nil Seasons lor keeping
the SKIS SOFT nnd BLOOMING.
B3WARF. OF INJURIOUS IMITATIONS.
"BEETHAM" !• the only genuine.
Betties, Is. and 2s. 6d., of all Chemists.
Fire for 3d. extra by the Solo Makers,
M. BEETHAM and SON,
CHEMISTS, CHELTENHAM.
PATENT HEXAGON TENT,
FOR LAWN-TENNIS.
vyvpEJOAfetffc "
KNI0HTo f THEORDERoFLEOPOLDofBELaiUM\t *3
*V \ KNIGHT of THE LE8I0H of HONOUR f t r
Licht-Brown CodLivehOil
IN CONSUMPTION^ THROAT AFFECTIONS, AND DEBILITY OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN.
SELECT MEDICAL OPINIONS.
ItfliY 7. 1888
Dr. PROSSER JAMES,
Lecturer on Materia Mcdica, London Hospital.
“ Dit. I)E Jongo’.s Oil contains the whole of the active
ingredients of the remedy, and Is easily digested. Hence
Its value, not only in Diseases of the Throat and Lungs,
but In a great number of cases to which the Profession Is
extending It* use.” _
JOSEPH J. POPE, Esq., M.R.C.S.,
Late Staff-Surf]roil, Army, India.
“The value of ‘hydro-carbons ’ in all debilitated states
of the system Is now liecoming thoroughly recognised.
Du. Df. Jonoh’s Oil places In everyone’s reach a reliable
Dr. THOMAS NEDLET<
Physician to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
“ The most uniformly pure, the most palatable, and
the most easily retained by the stomach, Is J>ii. I)K
Jonoh’s Light-Brown Oil, I have habitually prescribed
It i n cases of Pulmonary Consumption, with very beneficial
results.” _
LENNOX BROWN’S, Esq., F.R.C.S.E.,
Senior Surgeon, Central London Throat Hospital.
“Tho action of Dr. Dk JoNon’s Oil has proved, In
my own experience, particularly valuable in many cases
of Weakness of the Singing ami Speaking Yoice,
dojiendent on Bronchial or laryngeal Irritation.”
and valuable
Sold ONLY in Capsuled Imperial Half-Pints, 2s, 6d.; Pint*, 4a. 9<L; Quart*, 9s.; by all Chemist* and Druggists.
Sole Consignees—AN'SAR y HARFORD, A CO., 210, High Holborn, London, W.C.
CA VTION.—Resist mercenary attempts to recommend or substitute inferior kinds.
SAMUEL BROTHERS.
BOYS’ SCHOOL
OUTFITS.
Messr*. SAMUEL
BROTHERS Imre
ready for immediate
use a very large assort¬
ment of Boys’ and
Volt ns’ Clothing.
Ihey will abo
be pleased to send
npon application, pat-
tic RX.S of M ATKItlAI ■*
for the wearof Gentle-
men Boys, or Ladle*,
together with their
No. 247.
Registered Trade-Mark, ‘ FAIRY
—.f of Fash¬
ions, containing about
300 Engravings. This
furnlshe* details of the
various departuicn ts,
with Price-List*, Ac.,
and is a useful Guide
to Fashionable Cob-
Tjirrnu »» tume for Gentlemen,
JbiON. Boys, and Ladles.
, Messrs. Samuel Brothers’ “ Wenr-Hesistlng ” Fabric*
(Reg.) are especially adapted for BOY S’ HAND WEAR
SAMUEL BROTHERS,
Merchant Tailors, Outfitters, &c.,
65 & 67, Ludg-ate-hill, London, E.C.
CLARKE’S “FAIRY” LAMP & FLOWER BOWL,
IN TAPESTRY WARE,
as purchased by HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
These are the latest and most beautiful designs yet produced for burning CLARKE’S
DOUBLE-WICK “FAIRY” LIGHTS. They must be seen to be appreciated, They can be
obtained Wholesale from the Patentee, S. CLARKE, “ Pyramid ” and “ Fairy ” Lamp and
Light Works, Cbicklkwood, London, K.W.
SHOW-ROOMS: 31, ELY-PLACE, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C.
Open from 10 till 5 dally, where all New Patterns in “ FAIRl LAMPS” can he seen.
CLARKE’S “FAIRY” LIGHTS,
with Double Wicks, give a beantifnl light, are no trouble, burn ten hours each. 6 Lights
in a Box, Is. per Box. Purchasers having any difficulty in obtaining either “FAIRY”
LAMPS or “ FAIRY ” LIGHTS are solicited to apply to the Patentee, who will give the
name of his nearest Agent.
if a cheaper light will suffice, ‘‘Pyramid " Lights are the most suitable for
burning in the "Fairy" Lamps.
CLARKE’S “FAIRY” MENU CARDS.
Is. per Dozen, Post-free.
A “FAIRY” MENU CARD is given Free with every “ FAIRY” LAMP. Please ask for it.
A specimen “ FAIRY ” MENU CARD will be sent post-free on application.
N.B.—See that the Patentee's name and Trade-Mark “ Fairy ” u on every Fairy Lamp.
Illustrated Pattern Books, with upwards of 200 designs, post-free, price 2s. 6d., or returnable.
Fhe
No. 245.
Whippet” Cycles.
In designing our Cycles for this season, we have devoted our attention to per¬
fecting those stylos which have been so successful in the past. We have also
added several new designs which wo have thoroughly tested ourselves before
placing them on the Market, and we are able, therefore, to submit them to the
approval of our patrons without hesitation.
We removed the one great inconvenience which interfered with the
pleasure* of cycling-viz., the vibration communicated by erery Inequality
of tile road through handle, saddle, and pedal* to the rider. This great
Inconvenience lias long been patiently submitted to, because it was
supposed to be Inevitable.
The success of the “ WH1FPET” Spring Frame has caused nearly tho whole
of tin" Crele Trade t<> imitate our sjieciniiv — NON-VIBRATING
CYCLES Intending purchasers should remember that “ THE
WHIPPET ” stand out clenrlv ns THE ONLY 31 AtIIINK upon which
THE KlUKIt IS COMPLETELY INSULATE!) KliOM ALL VIBRATION.
SOLE MANUFACTURERS AND PATENTEES,
& I3IOGLS,
29, Clerkenwell - road, London, E.C.
_ THE OLDEST AND
BEST.
“THE QUEEN”
Feel* no hesitation in recommending It* use.—
Dec. 22, 1883.
Sold by Grocers , Ironmongers, Cabinetmakers ,
Oilmen, &c.
Manufactort: SHEFFIELD.
MS’S
Furniture
Polish.
TORPID LIVER
-s—1 Positively cured by
p II OTrjJ Q these Little Pills.
| Ll\Of They also relieveDis-
I tress from Dyspepsia,
'Indigestion, and Too
Hearty Eating. A per-|
feet, remedy for Dizzi¬
ness, Nausea, Drowsi¬
ness. Bsd Taite in the
Mouth, Coated Tongue,]
Pain in the Side, etc. 1
'They regulate the
__Bowels and prevent
Constipation ana Files. The smallest sr'*
easiest to take. 40 In a phial. Purely Vcgefab’*.
and do not gripe or purge, but by their gentle
action please all who use them. Established
1866. Standard Pill of the United Btates. In
phials at Is. l^d. Sold by all Chemists, or sent]
by post.
Illustrated pamphlet free. British Depot,
46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C.
ITTIE
1VER
PILLS.
MELLIN'S
Certain I HARNESS’I Cure.
ELEOTROPATHIO BELTl
Rheumatism.
Major PAKENHAM. Longstone House. Armagh,
writes :-" The ElectropathxTkelt has eowplcl^ly
cured Of rheumatic£out. / suffere.i xuieixse
agony for two years. 1 now ful strong and active.
Guaranteed to generatTiTmSdcootiiuious current of
Electricity, which speedily cures all Disorders of the
Nerves. Stomach. Liver and Kidneys. Thousands of
Testimonials. Pamphlet A Advice Irce
Mr.f . It. Harness,
-- ...e Medical Bar--
Only Address.
52, OXFORD ST.„„
Call lo.day.lf iMHWiblo.or write
LONDON, W.
rArtR.)
London: Printed nnd Published *t the OITlce,
the Parish of st. Clement Dane*, in the County of Middlese
by iMiUAM Ukovukbs, itw,SirauU, aforesaid,—B atcbda
II. OPENING
THE NEW GERMAN EMPEROR
To T5 -
' ii LONDON NEWS, JriY 7, 1888
,T1IG REIC USTAG: THE SPEECH PROM THE THRONE.
5sr«wu£'
BrBfc fcvri*# I
-iuij
sgSsi ^
Wjswr, •#•"
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JU!
30
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
To th' Lambeth Conference I have not been an invited guest,
which I regret for many reasons, but especially because I miss
the society of the American Bishops. During the Pan-Anglican
Synod I was more fortunate, and I found them charming.
Though not a whit, of course, less of divines than our English
dignitaries, they are much more human. They mix with their
fellow-creatures moro as if they belonged to them, and wear
their lawn with a difference—as it were, tucked, in. There is
more frankness and freedom in their talk, and they don't
think it wicked even to be witty ; whereas, when our Anglican
prelates (with some exceptions, however) condescend to joke,
it is rather a serious business. The Transatlantic Bishop never
forgets that he is an ecclesiastic, but he is not afraid of
dropping the dignitary. la the first place, he generally
smokes. We are told, and with truth, by Kingsley, that
tobacco begets solemn and devotional thoughts; and no doubt
that is why he smokes. My first introduction to the most
charming Bishop I ever met, I owed to a cigar. I offered him
one, after a certain dinner, not without trepidation—but, as I
was going to smoke myself, I only thought it civil—and he
accepted it with rapture. “This is the best hospitality,” ho
said, “ that I have enjoyed since I came to England.” “ But
did not our Bishops give you good dinners? ” I said (much
distressed for the honour of the Bench), for I knew he had
been on a round of visits to them. “ Oh, yes ; nothing could
bo kinder, Sir. But there was no tobacco. V.tni at Lambeth,"
here his voice took that pathos, fer which ho was so justly
udmired in the pulpit, “ there was no tobacco ! ”
A few weeks ago the air was “full of farewells to the
dying and monrning for the dead; ” a touch of nature seemed
to have made the whole world kin ; but, since then, human
nature has been “restoring the average” by showing its seamy
side. The atmosphere of the sick-room has been changed for
that of the Law Courts with its actions for libel. There is
nothing like these for bringing out, with their unwholesome
heat, the worst spawn of humanity. I suppose they are neccs.
sary evils. The Greeks alone, we arc told, were sufficiently
philosophic to despise what anybody chose to say of them.
There was no law against the provocation of either words or
gesture; “ they looked upon auy resentment for such contumely
(says Hobbes) as arising from the pusillanimity of him who
was offended by it." As there was no complainant there was
no defendant, and, therefore, no occupation for the gentlemen
of the long robe. The Greenlanders, I read, employ no lawyers
in cases of slander, but when a gentleman wishes to “ say
things ” of a libellous character he gives his adversary notice
of his intention, and “it is reckoned a want of spirit if the
antagonist does not attend or give a very smart answer.” An
American gentleman has, however, delivered his testimony
against this promptness todefend one's character. “ I suppose
no man alive,” he says, “ had been so persecuted by slanderers
as I had been : for many years I boro it in contemptuous
silence ; at last I brought my action, and have regretted it ever
sines. Those libels were all shown to be justified."
Another and another controversy about smoking! How
fond of fighting people must be to wage war against so
general a practice ! What is the use of it 1 Do they for a
moment suppose that persons who like tobacco, and with
whom it agrees, will give it up because other persons who
don't like it, and with whom it disagrees, affirm they ought to
do so ! The egotism of such a supposition is amazing. For
my part I hate walking; to my mind it is disagreeable
in" itself, and renders those who indulge in it morose and
silent; but I should never dream of attempting to per¬
suade people not to walk. A Canon of St. Paul's,
lamenting the spread of smoking, which “accentuates the
separation of the sexes "—meaning, I suppose, that poor little
half-hour one snatches for a cigar after dinner—thinks that
there will be nothing for it but that ladies must smoke too.
That would be deplorable indeed ; but if the alternative is to
be the man's giving up tobacco, I can assure the reverend
gentleman that to that we shall come. The peculiarity of
the antieverythingarians of all sorts is, however, that they
are never right about their data. Smoking does not, like
drinking, separate the sexes; the most intelligent of the many
ladies whom I have had the honour to know are far from
hostile to tobacco. A few, no doubt—just as there are a few
men similarly constituted—dislike its odour; but with the
majority their repugnance to it is not really genuine. They
regard the gentle Nicotine as a rival in man's affections, and
hope that by abusing her they will indnee him to cast her off :
a little reasoning (by analogy) would teach them better. An
argument, too, that should have some force with them—for
this class of dame is generally addicted to the aristocracy—is
the fact that the higher the rank of a lady the more leniently,
not to say more favourably, docs she regard tho smoking of
her male friends. As to the Don Quixotes who would put an
end to it, they might as well recommend tho extinguishing of
oir hearth fires—with which, indeed, it has a much closer
connection than they suspect.
Another practice which it is as useless to fight against as
“ smoke," or a shadow, is that of giving tips to guards and
porters. ■ Nevertheless, it has found a new antagonist in one
of the railway “ organs.” Any stick will do to beat a dog
with, and this journal actually finds offence in the conduct of the
tippers because they do not add to the enormity of their crime
by feeing the engine-drivers and stokers. If the principle
is wrong these unpaid persons should surely ■ ,'joice in their
unteropted virtue ! Is it possible that this shrill cry of
protest proceeds from the engine itself? There is a little
sral.linv ..team in it, directed against those wretches who not
only tip guards, but •• beguile the tedinm of a journey by
taking one another's money at shilling whist.” It can hardly
be suggested that they should take, instead of one another's
shillings, the money of passengers who are not playing whist;
nnd yet one does not otherwise clearly see the application of
this sarcasm. Tips are not given from mere lavishness, but
because of some particular service rendered, or supposed to bo
rendered, to the donor; with some persons—though not very
many, after all—it is as natural to reward civilities with a
coin of the realm as with a “ Thank you." Perhaps, however,
even thanks may be demoralising ; in that case, let us have a
bye-law, by all means, that “ no servant of the company is to
accept of thanks under pain of instant dismissal " : it will bo
quite as sensible, and just as much respected as the ordinance
against lips.
There is great consternation among that respectable sect the
Jczreelites on account of the demise of their Queen, who had
always proclaimed her own immortality. It was impossible,
6hc said, that tho bodies of the elect could ever decay, and
now that she has been proved to be in error, there is great
alarm among the chosen lest they should be mistaken (and
taken) also. It is curious how great a hold many persons have
obtained over their fellow-creatures by assuring them they
should live for ever, though it is a very easy thing to say, and
nobody can ever prove' them wrong so long as they live.
Generally speaking it is the decease of a gentleman or lady
rather than his or her immortality which is looked forward to by
those concerned with such oxcessive interest; the (implied)
promise to die V s equivalent to a promise to pay, and is esteemed
accordingly. It is difficult to put oneself in the position of a
personage like Queen Esther, either as regards herself or her
friends. The case of Joanna Southcote was in some respects
a similar one, only, in addition to her undertaking not to figure
in the obituary, she had made a rash promise to appear (so to
speak) in a preceding portion of the newspaper, and had, there¬
fore, only a limited time at her disposal. When “ the child of
many prayers ” did not make its appearance, the prophetess had
no raisin d'etre. She was like one of those foretellers of the end
of the world who place tho catastrophe too early ; the game
was up before it had well begun. “ Queen Esther" was only
thirty, and might reasonably have looked forward to, at all
events, a good long beginning of her immortality. Curiously
enough, the “Latter House of Israel,” as the Jezreelites call
themselves, lost their immortal Prophet, a few years ago, by
the same unlooked-for accident of death. The matter was
explained by the statement that, though “ very good, he was
not good enough ” (which seems probable), and was therefore
forbidden to make one of the 144,000 persons who are pre¬
destined to be “ the remnant ” They are not many as compared
with tho population, ancient and modern, of the globe; but
contrasted with tho narrow limits of some theological creeds
the company is numerous, and, I need not say, “ select.” It
will be interesting to see whether, having lost both Prophet
and Queen, Jezreel and Co. (Limited) will go on or not. As
they are said to have £50,000 invested in “ plant" (of various
kinds), it is probable that some spiritual person will be found
to carry on the business.
The existence of a French Archery Club, of which we have
hoard something lately, must have been a surprise to many of
us. One would have thought the bow and arrow were too full
of unpleasant associations for a Frenchman to handle; if
there is one thing in our English histories which is more
typical of our pre-eminence over our neighbours across the
Channel than another, it is the Long Bow. There can be no
question of our superiority with that weapon; but I confess I
have my doubts about the excessive skill with which our use of
it has been credited. Is it this exaggeration, I wonder, which
has associated the “ drawing the long bow ” with lying 1 Tho
Persians were taught “ to draw the bow and speak the truth,”
which seems to be a contradiction in terms. To any¬
one who has attended a modern archcry meeting the
difference of its results to those recorded in “ Ivanhoc ”
(which is a fiction) is certainly very marked. No one
has ever split a willow wand at a hundred yards, to my
knowledge, and far less notched one arrow with another, as at
Ashby-de-la-Zouch. I always admired the honest archer in that
novel, who confined himself to saying that his grandfather
had drawn a good bow at the battle of Hastings, instead of
performing any very striking feat himself. In these days of
competition for money prizes, which, however low the motive,
certainly produce tho most excellent performances in every
branch of athletics, there is a significant absence of the bow
and arrow. If anything could really he done with them,
snch as one reads of in the historical novel, it certainly would
be done. I can fancy no advertisement more attractive than
that of “ Feats with the old national weapon.” If there
is “ money ” in anything, there would certainly be money
in that; and yet there are no feats, unless hitting a
target the size of a barn-door can be so called. Wc
have “ the Foresters ” annually at the Crystal Palace, bnt
I am not aware that they attempt to rival Robin Hood. It
has been proved incontestably that William Tell never split
an apple on his son s head with an arrow, and I don't believe
that the similar miracles attributed to the English archer rest
upon any more solid foundation. If they do, let. us see them.
It was once observed to one of old, who boasted of tho jumping
powers he had exhibited at Rhodes, “ Here is Rhodes, here is
the leap ” ; and the same remark may bo made to the English
archer.
It is not generally known that the question of “ appeal,”
which has been so much mooted of late, had at one time a
more important bearing upon the interests of barristers them¬
selves than upon those of the public. In the middle of the
seventeenth century tho Lords of Session in Scotland took it
into their heads to deny to the Faculty of Advocates the right
of appeal from their Lordships' decisions to Parliament. The
advocates strenuously resisted, whereupon the Lords of Session
obtained an order from the King and Council discharging all
appeals, and commanding instant submission from tho members
of the Bar. Then the advocates withdrew in a body from the
Courts, and brought the legal business of the country—save
what could be carried on by solicitors—to a complete standstill.
This was something like patriotism. To punish this contumacy
tho Lords banished the whole lot of them to " twelve miles
from Edinburgh.” It must have been a high time for “ the
lower branch of tho profession." Self-denial, however, has its
limits. The advocates got tired of living upon one another,
with appetites increased by unlimited games at golf; and
perhaps the Lords of Session began to perceive that their ool^k
tion might possibly go, too, if the state of siege cont^^V
;-ir George Mackenzie, afterwards Lord-Advocate — to vpHw
Edinburgh is indebted for its admirable library—propose^q
plead the cause of his brethren before their oppressors, and
was permitted to do so. He spoke with great warmth and
eloquence, and. both sides having probably become aware on
which side tlicir bread was buttered, a compromise was
effected, to the general joy of a litigious public. What “ the
writers to tho Signet” and “tho solicitors to the Supreme
Court" (or whoever were their equivalents in those days)
thought about it is not recorded.
THE EDISON PHONOGRAPH.
The phonograph, which has nothing to do either with the tele¬
phone or the telegraph means of instantaneous communication,
is a wonderful instrument for preserving, and for repeating in
any place, from a permanent acoustic record, the tones, accents
and articulate syllables uttered by the human voice, perfect
discourse in its original pronunciation, as well as every kind
of musical and other sounds, after conveyance of the inscribed
record, by ordinary carriage, to within hearing of a future
auditor. Professor Edison, of Orange, New Jersey, in the
United States of America, renowned for his improvements of
tho electric-light apparatus and other most valuable scientific
contrivances, is the inventor of the phonograph, a rudimentary
form of which, exhibited in London ten years ago. then excited
much public curiosity. He has, during the past twelvemonth,
brought it to a degree of comparative perfection, which was
practically tested here, on June 25. by experiments at the house
of Colonei G. E. Gouraud. the agent in London for Mr. Edison's
inventions, residing at Little Menlo, Beulah-hill, Upper
Norwood ; and on June 21), in the Press Gallery at the Handel
Festival, in the Crystal Palace. Our Illustrations represent
the scenes on these two occasions: in the first instance, a
private family party at Norwood listening to the tones and
words of Mr. Edison's voice, ten days after he had spoken in
America, at a distance of nearly three thousand miles—the
“ phonogram " having been sent from New York on June Ki.
with the regular United States mail, by the German Lloyd's
steam-ship Eider, 1 1 Southampton ; in the other case, during
the grand performance of Handel's music, the phonograph
reporting with perfect accuracy the sublime strains, vocal and
instrumental, of the “ Israel in Egypt," received by a large
horn projecting over the balustrade in the vast concert-room
in the north transept of the Crystal Palace. The machine was
worked by Mr. De Courcy Hamilton, one of Mr. Edison's
assistants, who had brought it from America. The “ phono¬
grams ” being sent to Mr. Edison, all the Handel choruses, as
sung here by four thousand voices, with the orchestral and
organ accompaniments, will be heard in New York and in
other American cities. They can be repeated to a hundred
different audiences for years to come.
We can only give a brief account of the essential parts of
the phonograph. There is a disc of bright metal, rather larger
than a shilling piece, so poised a to vibrate in correspondence
with any sound that is received by tho instrument. Below,
and attached to this disc, is a minute point of metal, like a
fine pin, which, as the diaphragm or disc vibrates, cuts an
exceedingly delicate, sinuous, hair-like line into a revolving
cylinder of wax. When the record is once engraved on the
cylinder, wo can. by reversing the movement, get back from
the instrument the sounds that were put into it. In the phono¬
graph first exhibited in this country ten years ago. which was
illustrated in this journal on Aug. 3, 137S, the sound-marks
were made, in a similar manner, on tin-foil : and their tone
was metallic, nasal—sometimes a squeak, indeed—very often
ludicrous or miserable ; but Mr. Edison has now constructed a
phonograph which, by substituting a composition of wax for
the tin-foil, and by other important contrivances, bus entirely
got rid of any harshness or weakness of tone. In external
appearance, Mr. Edison's wax cylinders arc like ivory napkin
or serviette rings, only rather larger, and about three inches
long ; they fit on a small iron rod, which is put in rapid
motion when wanted by a little bi-chromale galvanic battery,
seen in our Illustration under the table. When Mr. Edison, in
the earlier period of his experiments, desired to use one of the
cylinders over again for new matter, much time was wasted in
passing it through the apparatus. He now arranges a minute
knife upon the same arm which beam the diaphragm stylus.
The knife cuts off a shaving, and the diaphragm stylus follows
in its wake ; both operations being accomplished at once. Wax
cylinders are made thick enough to allow the indented surface
to be planed off twenty times or more, so the same cylinder can
be used for as many different transcriptions. Another new
device perfects the method of duplicating phonograms con¬
taining matter which may be worth selling, such ns books, music,
sermons, speeches, or plays. When a phonogram of special interest
or value is obtained, which it is desired to multiply, it is coated
electrically with nickel until a thick plate is obtained. This
plate, when detached from the wax and pressed against a fresh
sheet of warm wax, gives an exact reproduction of the original
phonogram : and such duplicates may be made so easily and
rapidly as to cost scarcely anything. To obtain the first
phonogram of tho book or of a piece of music may require care
and special skill. Once obtained, a million can be made from
this one nickel mould. So far as countless experiments in the
laboratory show, there is no perceptible or audible wear in the
wax phonogram, no matter how frequently it is made to repeat
a message.
If Colonel Gouraud wants to phonograph a despatch to
New York he talks into the mouthpiece, the cylinder is turned
round by the electric current, the repeating disc vibrates in
harmony with the voice, and the minute point below traces on
the wax surface of the cylinder its invisible curves, and that
is all. The message is done ; you can now take it off and pest
it—at the ordinary letter rate—to America. In those four
inches he has a thousand words, which would be a very long
letter. Probably he does not wish to send more than 2 ;b
words. If so, a corresponding length can be cut off and
dispatched by {lost. The phonogram produced would in New
York be placed on a corresponding machine, and exactly
reproduced. Wo have a copy of the first phonogram, which
was a private letter from Mr. Edison to Colonel Gouraud. con¬
sisting of about two hundred words, treating of business and
family affairs. Mr. Edison's voice was recognised by every
hearer in Colonel Gouraud's house, including a child seven
years old. Several pieces of music, vocal solos and ducts, anil
performances on the pianoforte, cornet, and other instruments,
sung or played in America, have been repeated in England by
the phonograph. A poetical ode. of four verses, dictated by the
Rev. Horatio Nelson Powers, D.D., of Piermont. on the Hudson,
has also been spoken, in the author's own voice, through this
marvellous machine.
Many of the most important parts of the phonograph are
concealed in a small metal-covered box ; but. as Mr. Edison
has expressed a wish for the present to keep secret the details
as to some new points in the construction of the phonograph
nntil his patents have been obtained, we therefore omit further
description of its interior workings.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
31
SILENT MEMBER.
I imn legislators see Henley, Wimbledon, one after the other of
the social landmarks of the London Season, pass by, but have
n» to the present time been prevented by drenching showers
from seekino- recreation far from Westminster. One recom¬
pense some have had : their path has been figuratively strewn
with roses at the few fetes which Court mourning did not
suppress and which were fragrant with the sweet odour of the
oneen of flowers, richly abundant this inclement July—out
of compliment, mayhap, to Mr. Alma-Tadema's lustrous
Academy painting. The Roses of Ileliogabalus. ’
The 'Marquis of Salisbury, notwithstanding the fact that
noble Lords, by their grasp of every variety of subject of
great Imperial and tiny local importance have continued to
rival the Nasmyth hammer in graduated force, per¬
severes with his diminutive measure for the reform
of the House of Lords by the introduction of a handful
of life Peers. The Prime Minister on the Tenth of
July secured the second reading of this measure, which
may be summed up in one sentence : it empowers her Majesty,
bv the advice of the Premier, to create a maximum of five
new life Peers per year, the total number not to exceed fifty.
How jealously even so infinitesimal an addition as this to the
House is scrutinised was shown by tit*- more or less grave
utterances of Earl Beauchamp, the Earl of Derby (who gave
his approval in a wet-blanket fashion). Lord Colchester, Lord
Midlcton, the Earl of Dunraven, the Duke of Argyll, Earl
Granville, the Earl of Feversham, and the Earl of Rosebery,
who developed a fine vein of ironic banter not unworthy the
favourite style of Lord Salisbury himself. The noble Earl
occasioned aTittle mild laughter by thus neatly epitomising
the Bill, whilst the Lord Chancellor beamed amiably as usual
from the woolsack on which he looks so comfortable : ** It is
as if, when one wanted to go to America, the noble Marquis
offered you a hansom cab; it would take yon to Euston Station,
but there would still be very many miles to go.”
An incident not without its pathos opened the proceedings
of the House of Lords on the previous day. The Lord
Chancellor evoked fresh sympathy with the bereaved Empress
Victoria of Germany by reading her Imperial Majesty's
gracious reply to their Lordships’ resolution of condolence.
The reply was conveyed by the British Ambassador at Berlin,
and its closing words deserve to l>e quoted :—“ Her Imperial
Majesty desired me to convey to their Lordsbips’ House,
through your Lordship, her gratitude for these marks of sym¬
pathy with her deep distress, and to express the hope that the
memory of the Emperor Frederick, her dearly-beloved husband,
may ever be preserved.”
We are in for a new Zulu War. That is clear from the
despatch, dated the Eighth of July, from Sir Arthur Havelock to
the Secretary for the Colonies. Lord Knntsford communi¬
cated this to the House of Lords on the Ninth of July. The
gist of the telegram from South Africa was that, “In conse¬
quence of the defeat of Usibepu and the withdrawal of police
magistracy at Ivuna, June 23, disturbance has become serious.
Natives of coast district to the north of Zulu Native Reserve,
through fear of Dinizulu, have taken part in rebellion. Attack
upon the Magistrates of district threatened. The British
troops and native contingents gave assistance to-day. Am
confident forces now in Zululand are sufficient for the' restor¬
ation of good order, unless any unexpected complications
arise.” Lord Knutsford himself explained that Dinizulu,
the son of Cetewayo, and his uncle. Undabuco, are at
Kezah, with a force computed at about 4000 men ; but
his Lordship had every confidence in the ability of .Sir
Arthur Havelock and General Smyth to cope with the Zulus.
Lord Knutsford summed up the policy of the Government at
this juncture tersely : *• My Lords, our duty is a plain one, and
it is to put down Dinizulu and Usibepu, and to prevent any
further raids on the British authority.” A memorable past
disaster in Zululand will doubtless induce the Generals
engaged in the present campaign to employ amply sufficient
troops to terminate the operations with swift success.
It was generally felt that by far the gravest feature of Mr.
Frank Hugh O'Donnell's fruitless libel action against the
Time* was the reading in open court by the Attorney-General
of the series of incriminatory letters purporting to have been
written by Mr. Parnell before and after the terrible murders
of Lord Frederick Cavendish and Mr. Burke in the Phoenix
Park. The publication of these seemingly sinister epistles
demanded instant notice at the hands of the Irish Home Rule
Leader. In anticipation of this personal explanation, hon.
members filled the House on the Sixth of July, the day after
the jury returned a verdict against Mr. O’Donnell. Earl
Spencer was conspicuous in the Peers’ Gallery : and from the
gallery to the right of the Speaker, Sir George Trevelyan,
naturally as keenly interested as the noble Earl in what
was to come, eagerly scanned the Parnellite ranks, in
the centre of which sat Mr. Parnell, apparently as cool
and collected as ever. Sir Richard Webster, seated next
the Solicitor-General at the gangway end of the front
Ministerial bench, looked calmly on ; and the Marquis of
Hartington, with hat down over his eyes, bore himself in
the corner seat of the front Opposition bench with a charac¬
teristic stolidity, in strong contrast to the restlessness of Mr.
Gladstone, who leant forward in his seat, and fixedly regarded
Mr. Parnell when he rose, with a sheaf of papers in his hands,
to make his speech. Mr. Parnell spoke with habitual delibera¬
tion and clearness: and the pith of his statement was that
the criminatory letters read by Sir Richard Webster were
’•absolute forgeries.” Mr. Justin McCarthy followed,
and declared that the cheque for £100, alleged by
I'rank Byrne to have been received from Mr. Parnell, at
the time of his flight, was actually paid to Byrne by himself
(Mr. Justin McCarthy) in the ordinary course of business in
connection with the Home-Rule League; and Mr. McCarthy
explicitly added that he had no suspicion of any sinister
designs on the part of Byrne.
v L hc ™ ember f° r Cork moved further in the matter on the
-Mnth of July. Mr. Parnell quickly followed Sir Wilfrid
lAwson (he had risen, indeed, before the hon. Baronet) in
requesting that a Select Committee be appointed to inquire
into the authenticity of the allegations mode against the
l-fa S le c !“ ef . afc the r ecent O'Donnell trial. Mr. Smith
replied that his view remained precisely the same as last year :
that there existed impartial tribunals—alluding to the Law
courts—more competent than the House to try the case,
'hereupon, Mr. Parnell promptly gave the First Lord of the
t reasury notice of motion for a Select Committee, or for a day
or discussion, in order that he might “ have an opportunity of
repelling the foul and nntnitbfnl charges which have been
made against me by the Attorney-General.”
t “if ^_ have an autumn session. Mr. Smith stated on
0f Ju , 1 > r th atthe Local Government Bill would be
I usheii forward with energy. If this measure and Supply
should be finished early in August, the Leader of the House
in u Wc might then h °P e to adjourn until the last week
V, pVT, or th ? firsfc ^ ,eek to November.” Sanctioned by
• Gladstone, Mr. Smith’s proposition that Government
agreed to ^ precedence for the resfc of fche Sessi °n was
THE NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION.
On Monday, July 9, the annual prize-meeting of the Natioual
Rifle Association opened at Wimbledon—the last., probably,
which will bo held on that familiar ground. There is no
falliug off in the number or importance of the rewards offered
for good markmansbip. in the character and variety of the
programme, or in the general alacrity of competition. On the
contrary, the value of the prizes to lie contended for at
Wimbledon at the meeting amounts to over £16.500, being the
largest total yet given. Excluding the challenge cups, the
value is about £ 12.500, the Association giving nearly £10,000.
Throughout the whole fortnight's proceedings, from July 9
to July 21. an ample list has been prepared of matches and
contests. In spite of the changeable weather, the shooting,
on the whole, was remarkably good on the first day. Only
three competitions were brought to a conclusion. The
Alexandra Prize was won by Colour-Sergeant Vicars, of the
Queen's Westminsters, with an aggregate score of 64 ;
Colour-Sergeant Semmence. 4th Norfolk, £20; Corporal
M'Mooran 1st Highland Light Infantry, and Sergeant
Palmer, 1st Warwick, £15 each. In the team match for
officers of the Regulars against the Auxiliaries, the latter
won by lift points. The Inter-University match for the
Humphry Cup was won by Oxford, their total being 626
against 562 made by Cambridge.—The shooting was tnnch above
the average at Wimbledon on July lo, especially in the 200 yards
for the Queen's Prize, in which many gold medallists of previous
years took prominent positions. The Albert Prize of £20 was
won by Private .Tory, of the Guernsey Militia. In unfinished
competitions two highest possible scores were made at the 200
yards range, three at 5o0 yards, and two at S00 yards. The
men tinder canvas spent a very uncomfortable time on tbe
night of July 10 , there being a strong wind and a deluge of
rain, followed by very low temperature. The thermometer
went down to within nine degrees of the freezing point, and
though the weather was fair on the 11th, it was cold and dull.
A great part of the common was converted into a sort of bog,
so that the competitions were carried on under considerable
difficulties. The principal business was the. shooting at 500
yards in the first stage of the Queen's Prize competition.
Among the best scores made were the following :—Sergeant
Baines, 2nd Somerset: Private High, 2nd Norfolk ; Lieutenant
Clark, 1st Norfolk ; Private Simpson, 1st Argyle and Suther¬
land ; and Colour-Sergeant Allan. 2nd Northumberland.
Among the recent donations to the Polytechnic Endowment
Fund are the Grocers’ Company, £ 200 . and the Cloth workers’
Company, £500.
Sir Thomas Francis Wade. M.A.. K.C.B., Professor of
Chinese, has boon elected to the lately-vacant Professorial
Fellowship at King's College. Cambridge.
The “Silver Fete,” in the Exhibition Gronnds. South
Kensington, was opened on Wednesday, for the benefit of the
Victoria Hospital for Children. Chelsea.
The Hastings Town Council have conferred the honorary
freedom of the borough on Lord Brassev, who is the first
recipient of the distinction since tbe passing of the Municipal
Reform Bill.
Mr. Charles St. Clair Bedford has resigned the post of
Coroner for the City and Liberty of Westminster, which he
held for the past forty-three years. Mr. John Troutbeck has
been chosen in his stead.
The Duke of Devonshire has issued a circular to his
tenants informing them that ho will allow an abatement of
22^ per '•ent off their rents this year. They were allowed
30 per t last year.
Vice-Admiral Sir William Graham retires, through ill-
health, from the post of Controller of the Navy, and he will
be succeeded by Rear-Admiral J. O. Hopkins, at present
Admiral Superintendent of Portsmouth Dockyard.
The recumbent effigy of the late Bishop Moberly, erected in
the Lady Chapel of Salisbury Cathedral to the memory of that
prelate, was unveiled on July 9 in the presence of a large
number of spectators.
The grant of life-annuities, and annuities for terms of
years, which has been suspended in consequence of the recent
conversion of the National Debt, will be resumed by the
National Debt Commissioners at their office, Old Jewry, on
and after Monday, July 16.
It is understood that the Emperor William will leave Berlin
for Kiel on the evening of July 13. After remaining there
for one day his Majesty will proceed by sea to St.. Peters¬
burg. reaching the Russian capital on the evening of the isth.
The Emperor will only be accompanied by a very small suite.
The King and Queen of Saxony arrived at Copenhagen on
July 6. They were received at the railway station by King
Christian ami the members of the Royal family. They visited
the Exhibition, and opened the section for German exhibits
next day. There was a State dinner in their honour on
Monday. They proceeded to Stockholm.
The trial of Mr. O’Donnell's action against the Time* came
to a somewhat abrupt termination on July 5. When the
Attorney-General had concluded his speech the question was
raised whether there was any case to go to the jury, the Lord
Chief Justice intimating that he could not consider there was
any case then against the defendants, the plaintiff not having
gone into the box. Mr. Ruegg. however, addressed the jury
on one or two points, and, Lord Coleridge having briefly
summed up, a verdict for the defendants was at once returned.
Judgment was entered accordingly, with a certificate for a
special jury and costs.
The bronze statue of the famous Scottish patriot and
■warrior, Sir William Wallace, recently unveiled by the Marquis
of Lome at Aberdeen, of which we gave an Illustration last
week, was provided by the trustees. Mr. J. O. Mncqueen and
others, under the will of the late Mr. John Stcill, of Edinburgh,
a native of Arbroath, who died in 1871. a bachelor, aged sixty-
three, leaving money for this purpose to be deferred until
after the death of a friend, his faithful housekeeper, Margaret
Strachan, who survived him till 1877. The statue is a fine
work of art by Mr. W. Grant Stevenson, A.R.S.A., of Edin¬
burgh, and has cost, with the pedestal, £3250. It stands near
the centre of Union-street, in one of the best sites in Aberdeen.
The show of horses and cattle under the auspices of the
Royal Agricultural Society was opened at Nottingham on
Monday, July ft. The number of entries is large, and the
quality is reported to be very good. Her Majesty sends seven
animals in various competitions, and the Prince of Wales nine¬
teen. The Queen and the Prince both take prizes. Mr. R.
Thompson, of Penrith, has carried off. for the first time in the
history of the society, the first prizes in four classes of cows
and heifers. O 11 July Id the horses were paraded for the first
time. A meeting of the council was held, at which the prizes
in the farm comi>ctitions were awarded. It was announced at
the general meeting of the society that the Queen has accepted
the presidency of the society for next year, and that the active
and necessary duties of the office will be undertaken by the
Prince of Wales.
THE PLAYHOUSES.
Last Saturday evening three of onr most popular artists made
their bow gracefully, and bade us all “Good-bye!” until
Christmas comes. Mr. Henry Irving—who. mirahile dirtu,
actually got through his season with the little “ Amber Heart”
and the farcical “ Robert Macaire’’—is going to pay a round
of visits and to dream about ** Macbeth ” and to have long con¬
versations with scene-painters and decorators until he is ready
to start on his provincial tour with “ Faust.” accompanied by
Miss Marion Terry, now, happily, recovered from her illness,
and who is not likely to be very long ont of an engagement.
Miss Ellen Terry, at last released from work, is in the “ seventh
heaven ” of delight at the thoughts of taking her daughter.
Ailsa Craig, abroad to Switzerland, and Italy, and Venice, and
■‘.her lovely spots, and so home by Germany to pick up her
toy. who ought to be a musician, like bis sister : but, like all
artists’ children, have both of them a hankering after the
stage. The third departing swallow is Mr. J. L. Toole, who left,
his t heatre in fits of laughter over a little joke he had arranged
in his farewell speech, and left, moreover, crowded houses ; for
during this bitterly cold weather of an English July “ The Don ”
has “ caught on,” as they say, and could well have run on all the
summer. But M r. Toole had other fish to fry. He has never acted
in Guernsey or Jersey, so away to the Channel Islands be haB
gone this week, resting for a few hours at Weymouth whilst
the vessel was getting np steam. After a five-weeks’ holiday,
spent, as usual, abroad, and some of it devoted to the water-
cure at A ix-les-Bains, the merry comedian will be off on his
usual popular provincial tour. This being the case, we have
to depend mainly for our entertainment and amusement 011
our foreign guests. The engagement of the Daly company is
drawing to a close at the Gaiety, and before they go home
they will play at Stratford-on-Avon, Glasgow, several other
provincial centres, and in Paris, where Shakspeare’s “ Taming
of the Shrew ” will astonish the boulevardians. Before leaving
London. Mr. Daly has promised the revival of a few of his
most popular farces, and amongst them there will be found, no
doubt, “ A Night Off ” and “ Nancy.”
Sara Bernhardt has arrived in London, and appeared in
“ La Tosca ” with the result everyone anticipated. People
seem to admire the actress more than ever, but do not profess
to be particularly enamoured with Sardou’s play. It is at
best but a tawdry and commonplace melodrama, arranged with
little skill, and written with no effect. Still, the actress, who
has gained enormously in physical power, is able to get the
whole audience into her grip daring the scene of Mario's torture
and the grim position of Scarpia’s base proposal. Her cries in
the torture-scene are heartrending, and she works up the spec¬
tator to a state of frenzy ; in fact, on the first night 011 c of
our most popular actresses fainted dead away in her private
box when the curtain fell. In the murder of Scarpia this
great actress showed stronger and more effective tragic power
than has ever been observed before, and a pin might have been
heard to drop from the moment that she plunges the carving-
knife into the wretch’s heart to that silent awful second when
the woman who has prepared her victim for burial steals
horror-stricken from the accursed room. There are certainly
very violent instances of bad taste in this play, and scenes cal¬
culated roughly to shock religious susceptibilities. It is not
quite fair to say that the Cathedral scenes are no worse than
those presented on the same Lyceum stage in “ Mach Ado About
Nothing” and Faust.” They are not the same because there
is a church in both. There is nothing gross or material in the
Benedick and Beatrice scenes in Shakspeare's play, and there
is no possible comparison between Margaret’s prayer to the
Virgin when she is overburdened with sorrow and the pictures
of the Tosca’s hypocritical devotion in the new play. Unless
superbly done, the final moments of Scarpia’s death-scene
would provoke ridicule in this country. But whatever may
be thought of the play, Sara Bernhardt is sure to be a great
success. It is a pity, however, that so sombre a drama has no
relief : the comedy-scenes are wholly unworthy of so fine a
dramatist as Sardou.
One of the very best of the modern comedies of com¬
plication is an ingenious and well-written play called “ The
Paper-Chase,” now being acted at Toole’s Theatre by a clever
little company collected by Mr. Lionel Brough. Mr. Charles
Thomas is evidently an adept at construction. He is your true
dramatic puzzle-maker, and he is able to tell a capital story in
a lively manner and without offence. The plot is as innocent
as it is wholesome, and there is no need for Mr. Charles
Wyndham or Mr. Charles llawtrey to subsidise French or
German dramatists when there is one at hand who can
build skilfully and adorn with taste. Mr. Lionel Brough s
performance of old Busby, the incarnation of logical ob¬
tuseness and of intelligible inconsequence, is one of the
best things of the kind that have been seen in modern plays.
The part is acted with really remarkable artistic skill, and
Mr. Brough, the comedian, never for one instant obtrudes above
the idiotic old Busby. Every movement and gesture have been
the result of careful study, and it is not too much to sny
that the audience roars with laughter whenever the actor
opens his mouth. Mr. Brough has so often been called over
the coals for extravagance that it is all the more gratifying
to congratulate him on so genuinely comic and artistic a
performance as this. Miss Kate Phillips is the only possible
successor to Mrs. Bancroft on the modern stage. Her excellent
comedy powers, her sparkle of expression, and her lightness of
touch are exhibited to great advantage in this play, and her
pretty dresses fit her like a glove. All the acting, however, is
good, and the play is helped to its success by excellent en¬
deavours on the part of Mr. E. \V. Garden, Mr. E. D. Ward,
Mr. R. Soutar—who is very welcome on his return to the
stage—Miss Helen Leyton, a clever and earnest actress, and
Miss Margaret Brough, a pretty and intelligent young girl. .
July 14 being fixed for the annual holiday of the Arsenal
employes, the Hospital Saturday collection iu Woolwich was
made on Saturday, July 7. The amount collected was £207,
being £60 in excess of any former collection.
Strawberry-hill Estate, at Twickenham, the residence of
Horace Walpole, and subsequently of the late Countess
Waldegrave, was offered for sale at the Auction Mart on
July 10 by Messrs. Hampton and Sons. The mansion and
grounds extend to about fifty acres. Although the auctioneer
asked for an offer of £70,000 as the minimum value of the
property, the only bid was £15,000, and the property was
withdrawn.
The programme for the Official Inspection of the Fleet by
the Lords of the Admiralty has ndw been completed. On
Friday, July 13, they inspect the Fleet at Spithead, which
measures three miles in length, and return to harbour in the
evening. Their Lordships sleep on board. On Saturday
morning they proceed to Portland to inspect the B Squadron,
and will remain there until Monday, when the A and II
Squadrons will combine and manoeuvre in presence of their
Lordships. On Monday evening the Fleet will proceed down
Channel to Plymouth, where they will remain a few days.
From the time of leaving Portland the Fleet will be away
eight weeks.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Jvly 14, 1888.—32
THE RIGHT REV. R. C. BILLING, D.D.,
THE NEW BISHOP OF BEDFORD.
SIR EDWARD BLOUNT, K.C.B.,
DIRECTOR OF FRENCH RAILWAY8.
MR. CHAN-TOON,
A DISTINGUISHED BURMESE LAW STUDENT OF THE MIDDLE TEMPLE.
THE NEW BISHOP OF BEDFORD.
The Rev. R. C. Billing, Rector of Spitalfields and Prebendary
of St. Paul’s Cathedral, was recently appointed Bishop
Suffragan of Bedford. Robert Claudius Billing was educated
at Worcester College, Oxford, where he took his degree of
B A in 1857. In the same year he was ordained deacon, and,
in' the year following, priest, by the Bishop of Rochester. He
held the curacy of St. Peter, Colchester, from the date of his
ordination till 1860, and then for one year that of Compton
Bishop, in Somersetshire. In 18G1 he was appointed one of
the secretaries of the Church Missionary Society in the diocese
of York. After two years he became Vicar of Holy Trinity,
Louth, where he stared ten years, till his appointment to a
London living as Vicar of Holy Trinity, Islington. Here he
was Vicar five years, until 1878, when he was transferred to
the rectory of Spitalfields, where he has been well known for
his earnest work among the poor. Mr. Billing has been
Chaplain of the London Lay Helpers’ Association since 188o,
Commissioner nnder the Pluralities Act for the Archdeaconry
of London since 1886, and Prebendary (of Holborn) in the see
of London sinoe the same date.
It should be a cause of satis¬
faction to the London clergy
that one of their own number,
who has worked long and suc¬
cessfully in the East-End of
London^ has been appointed to
succeed the Bishop of Make-
field.
SIR EDWARD
BLOUNT, K.C.B.
This gentleman, on whom her
Majesty has conferred the
honour of Knighthood, is
second son of the late Edward
Blount. Esq., of Bellamore,
Staffordshire, M.P. for Steyn-
ing. Ho is uncle to the head
of the family, Sir Walter De
Sodington Blount, Bart., of
Mawley Hall, Shropshire. Mr.
Edward Blount began life in
the Home Secretary's office in
1827, during the Ministry of
Mr. Canning. He soon after¬
wards left England for Rome,
and removed to Paris in 1831,
from which time he has
principally resided in that
city, and was engaged there as
a banker till 1870. During
many years past Mr. Edward
Blount's name has been
associated with the most
considerable public works in
France. He was among
tho chief founders of the
Paris and Rouen Railway,
one of the first lines opened in
France, in 1843, and of the
Havre, Dieppe, Cherbourg, and
Brest lines, now amalgamated
with the Western Railway of
France, of which Sir Edward
Blpnnt is chairman. He is also
deputy chairman of the Paris,
Lyons, Mediterranean Railway
Company, and is connected with
railways in Austria, Spain, Italy
and Portugal. He is chairman
of the Paris Compagnie Genfi-
rale des Eaux, which is execut¬
ing works all over Europe.
Mr. Edward Blount was created
a Companion of the Bath in
1871, for the services he ren¬
dered to the British Govern¬
ment and British residents
daring the Biege of Paris, when
he held temporarily the post
of British Consol. Ho is now
raised to the rank of Knighthood in that order. He married,
in 1834, the youngest daughter of the late Mr. William Jern-
ingham, brother of the eighth Lord Stafford. He has one
surviving son, Mr. Henry Blount, who is Deputy-Lieutenant
for the county of Sussex^_
Nearly 6000 Volunteers in the Home District command
underwent their annual official inspection on July 7.
Under favourable conditions the annual night fete of the
Royal Botanic Society in their grounds in Regent's Park is
one of the pleasantest gatherings of the season. The heavy
showers which fell at intervals daring the day rather inter¬
fered with the enjoyment of those who attended the fete this
year. It is true that there was no rain during the evening,
and that the night air was warm and genial, but the grassy
Blopes were so damp that to walk upon them was a risky
undertaking. The grounds were illuminated as usual with
thousands of Clarke’s “ fairy lights ” and transparent globes,
which marked ont the shapes of the paths and flower-beds,
and glistened among the foliage of the trees. There was a
large and fashionable gathering.
A BURMESE LAW STUDENT.
Among the students of the Middle Temple called to the Bar
last term was Mr. Chan-Toon, a native of Bnrmah. During
his Btndentship, Mr. Chan-Toon competed for the eight
principal prizes open to law students and gained them all.
The Masters of the Bench of the Middle Temple have passed a
resolution to offer their best congratulations to Mr. Chan-
Toon on his most distinguished career as a student of the Inn.
recognising the great honour Mr. Chan-Toon has, by his
success, gained for the Society. To no other Btndent of the
Inn has a similar compliment ever been paid. We are informed
that Mr. Chan-Toon is the third son of Mr. Re Kyaw Thoo, and
was born at Akyab, British Bnrmah, Feb. 23,1867. At the age
of eight he was sent to Calcutta to enter the Doveton College,
where he was principally educated. There he distinguished
himself by winning the best prizes. At the age of fifteen he
matriculated at the Calcutta University. He left India for
England early in 1883, with a view to enter the Indian Civil
Service. For this purpose he entered University College,
London, and latterly became a pupil of Messrs. Wren and
Gurney. Bnt the method and
subjects of study of the Indian
Civil Service were not suited
to him ; and he chose to pur¬
sue the study of the law.
He entered the Middle Temple
at Michaelmas Term, 1886.
His taste for law soon
showed itself, and within
two years he has won the
following prizes : the Inns of
Court Studentship in Roman
Law and Jurisprudence,
Hilary, 1888 ; £50 Roman
Law, International and Con¬
stitutional Law, Council of
Legal Education Prize, Hilary,
1888 ; first class Common Law
Middle Temple Scholar, Hilary,
1888 ; first class International
and Constitutional Law
Scholar, Hilary, 1887 ; seoond
class Common Law Scholar,
Trinity, 1887 ; second class
International and Consti¬
tutional Law Scholar, Trinity,
1886 ; £15 Roman Law Juris¬
prudence, Council of Legal
Education Prize, Hilary, 1887.
Mr. Chan-Toon was called to
the Bar in Trinity Term, 1888.
We hope that he will have a
successful professional career,
and that others of the Burmese
race, who are now our fellow-
subjects of the British Empire,
will emulate his bright ex¬
ample.
MODEL OF A GROUP BY C. B. LAWES, AT THE ROYAL ACADEMY EXHIBITION.
“ They bound mo on, that menial throng, I They loosed him with n sadden lasb.
Upon his back with many a thong; | Away I away 1 and on we dash 1"
Notwithstanding the un¬
promising weather, twenty-two
coaches assembled at the Maga¬
zine. Hyde Park, on July 7, at
the second meet for the season
of the Coaching Club.
Henley Regatta was con¬
cluded on July 6. The Grand
Challenge Cup was won by the
Thames R.C.; the Ladies
Challenge Plate by the Lady
Margaret B.C.; the Stewards
Challenge Cup by Trinity Hall
B.C. ; the Silver Goblets by
Back and Symonds; the
Thames Challenge Cup by the
Lady Margaret B.C.; the «T-
fold Challenge Cup by “ie
Thames R.C.: the Diamond
Challenge Sculls, by NjckaUs.
of Magdalen College B.C.; and
the Visitors’ Challenge Cup by
Brasenose College B.C.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW8, Jilt 14, 1888.—S3
84
THE ILLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
OBITUARY.
1,0 ni) wot. v er-TON.
The Right Hon. Henry Uichnnl Glyn, third Baron Wolrerton,
of Wolverton. in tho
connty of Backing-
ham, died at Warren
House, Coombe. on
July 2. He was born
July 18,1861, the elder
son of the late Vice-
Admiral the Hon.
Henry Carr Glyn, C.B.,
C.S.X., by Rose, his
wife, daughter of the
Rev. Denis Mahon, of
Dromore Castle, in the
county of Kerry. He
succeeded to the peer¬
age at the death of his nncle, George Grenfell, second Lord
Wolrerton, so lately as Nov. 6 last. The family of Glyn is
one of the chief banking houses of the City of London. Lord
Wolverton having died unmarried, the title devolves on his
brother Frederick, now fourth Lord Wolverton, born in 1864.
THE HON. F. J. TOLLEMACHE.
The Hon. Frederick James Tollemache, formerly M.F. for
Grantham, died at his residence, Ham House, Petersham.
Surrey, on July 2. aged eighty-four. He was the fifth son of
William, Lord Hnntingtower, son of Lonisa, Countess of
Dysart, and was brother of Lionel, seventh Earl of Dysart. He
was educated at Harrow, and represented Grantham in Parlia¬
ment, as a Conservative, from 1826 to 1831, 1837 to 1852, 1837
to 1863, and, as a Liberal, from 1868 to 1874. He married, first,
Aug. 26, 1831, Sarah Maria, daughter of Mr. Robert Bomford,
of Rahinstown, in Meath; and secondly, Sept. 4.1847, Isabella
Anne, eldest daugh ter of Mr. George Gordon Forbes ; and leaves
issue, by his second wife, an only child, Ada Maria Katherine,
wife of Lord Sudeley. _
We have also to record the deaths of—
Sir William Wellington Cairns, K.C.M.G., half-brother to
the late Earl Cairns, on July 7, in his sixty-first year.
The Rev. George Edward Prescott, M.A., for forty-nine
years Rector of Digswell, Herts, on June 25, aged eighty-three.
Mr. James Pankhnrst, H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul at Lausanne,
on June 22, aged forty-two.
Major Alexander Carre Boswell, late Bengal Army, at
Ramsgate, on June 7, aged seventy-five.
Lieutenant-Colonel George Henry Wildes, 3rd Battalion
Cheshire Regiment, on June 18, aged forty-three.
Mr. James Tabor, of Rochford Hall, Essex, J.P. and D.L.,
on June 26, aged eighty-nine.
The Rev. Charles Hodgson Harbord, B.A., R.N., Chaplain
of her Majesty's Dockyard at Bermuda, aged forty-nine.
Mr. Charles Steer, late Judge of the High Court, Calcutta,
at Sutton Manor House, on July 1, aged seventy-seven.
Dr. Henry J. Domville, C.B., InBpector-General of Hospitals
and Fleets, suddenly, at Paignton, on July 8.
Rev. Alan Marmaduke Alington. M.A., for twenty-four
years Rector of Benniworth. Lincolnshire, at Outram-terrace,
Stoke, Devonport, on June 22, aged fifty-two.
Lieutenant-Colonel Frederick Schuler Leacock, Bombay
Infantry, at Baroda. India, on May 23. He served with
distinction throughout the Abyssinian Expedition of 1867-68.
Captain Robert Augustus Ritherdon, 1st Madras Pioneers,
son of Major-General Augustus William Ritherdon, Madras
Staff Corps, of Waltair, Sydenham, on June 1, at Madras.
Mr. James Anderson. Q.C., at his residence at Clapham,
o« June 22. aged eighty-four. Mr. Anderson married, in 1871,
Minnie, daughter of Mr. George Upward, of Blackheath.
The Itcv. Willoughby William Townley Balfour, late Rector
of Aston Flamville-cum-Burbage, Leicestershire, at Fairy-hill,
ltostrevor, in the county of Down, on June 29, aged eighty-six.
Mr. John Charles Marriott Forbes, at Calcutta, on May 27,
aged forty-six. He was the fifth son of the Hon. Robert Forbes,
son of tho seventeenth Lord Forbes.
Sir John Hardy, Bart., elder brother of Viscount Cranbrook,
the Lord President of the Council, on July 9, in the eightieth
year of bis age, from the effects of a carriage accident. His
memoir will be given in our next Issue.
Sir. George West, C.B., late H.B.SI.’s Consul at Suez, on
June 23. He was born in 1817. Mr. West married, in 1848,
Emily, daughter of Mr. John Haines and widow of Mr. William
S. Leese.
Colonel Edward Christopher Codrington, late Bengal Staff
Corps, at Exmouth, on Jnly 1, aged fifty. He served in the
Indian Slutiny, for which he received four medals, with
clasps, for his gallantry.
The llev. David Bruce, M.A., Hon. Canon of Durham
Cathedral, some time Vicar of Ferry Hill and Merrington,
Durham, at 82, Lexham-gardens, Kensington, W., on June 24,
aged seventy-eight.
The Ven. W. J. Phillpotts, Archdeacon of Cornwall, and
Chancellor of the Dioceseof Exeter, on July 10, at his Vicarage,
St. Gluviais, near Truro, aged eighty-two. He was the son of
the celebrated Bishop of Exeter.
The Ven. Henry Sanders, M.A., Archdeacon of Exeter.
Chancellor and Canon Residentiary of Exeter Cathedral, and
Rector of Sowton since 1847, at Oxford, on June 24, aged
eighty-two.
Lieutenant Robert Bruges Briscoe, Royal Inniskilling
Fusiliers, killed in the recent engagement in Zululand. He
served in the Sondan Expedition of 1884-85, and was present
in the engagements at Abu Klea and El Gubat (mentioned in
despatches, medal with two clasps, and Khedive's star).
The Hon. Mrs. Hare (Mary Christina), widow of Lieutenant-
Colonel the Hon. Richard Hare, brother of William, second
Earl of Listowel, K.P., and fourth daughter of Vice-Admiral
W. Windham, of Felbrigge Hall, Norfolk, at St. Michael's
Lodge, Stoke Damerel, on June 22, aged seventy-six.
The Rev. Lionel Dawson-Damer, M.A., Hon. Canon of Salis¬
bury. and for fifteen years Vicar of Canford, Dorset, at Park-
stone. on July 3, aged fifty-five. He was the eldest surviving
son of the Hon. William Mackenzie Dawson-Damer, and grand¬
son of John, first Earl of Portarlington.
Augusta. Baroness Alington, on July 3, at Alington House,
South Audley-street. aged fifty-six. Her Ladyship was the
eldest daughter of Field-Marshal the Earl of Lucan, G.C.B., by
Lailv Anne Brudenall, his wife, seventh daughter of Robert,
sixth Earl of Cardigan, and married, Sept. 1(1, 1853, Henry
Gerard, present Lord Alington, by whom she leaves, with five
daughters, an only son, Humphrey Napier, who married, in
1883, the Lady Fcodorowna Yorke, elder daughter of the Earl
of Ilardwicke.
The Hon. ami Rev. William Whitworth Chetwynd Talbot,
Rector of Bishop s Hatfield, Herts, on July 3. lie was born
Jan. 17, 1814, the sixth son of Charles, second Earl of Shrews-
bury. He married, July 4, 1843, Eleonora Julia, eldest
daughter of the Hon. William James Coventry, fourth son of
George, seventh Earl of Coventry, and leaves two sons.
Major-General Joseph Shekleton, late Royal Artillery, at
30, St. Jobn’s-park. Ryde, suddenly, on July 4. He served in
the Pnnjaub Campaign of 1848-49. including the siege and
capture of Mooltan and Battle of Goojerat (medal with two
clasps), in the Persian Expedition of 1857 (medal with clasp),
and with the Rajpootana Field-Force in 1658 (medal).
Mrs. Lloyd, of Bronwydd, in Cardiganshire, and Kilrhue,
in Pembrokeshire, in the ninety-fourth year of her age. She
was the only daughter and heiress of Mr. John Thomas, of
Llwycoed and Lettymawr, in Carmarthenshire. She married,
in 1819, Mr. Thomas Lloyd, of Bronwydd, in Cardiganshire,
and had five 6ons, the eldest of whom, Sir Thomas Lloyd, was
father of the present Baronet.
Admiral George Goldsmith, C.B., R.N., on Jnly 2, aged
eighty-two. He served in the China War of 1841-42, commanded
the Wellesley 1848-51 on North America and West India
stations, and served as Captain of the Sidon in the Black Sea
during the Russian War. including the capture of Fort Kin-
burn. He received, in requital, two medals with clasps, the
Turkish medal, and. the fourth class of the Medjidieh. He
married, in 1856, the daughter of Mr. Richard Rawes.
Admiral Hargood, at Worthing, aged eighty-seven. He
entered, tho Navy as a first-class volunteer in June, 1813, on the
flag-ship of his uncle, Sir William Hargood, on the Jersey and
Guernsey station. In 1822 ho was created a Lieutenant; in
1828, Commander : in 1834, Captain : and was made Rear-
Admiral in 1857. He attained to the rank of full Admiral in
1867. He was a Justice of the Peace and Deputy-Lieutenant
for the county of Sussex.
General Sir Charles Trollope, K.C.B., at his residence, lflA,
Grosvenor-square, on July 5, in his eightieth year. The de¬
ceased officer entered the Army in 1825. became Colonel of the
1st Battalion of the King's (Shropshire L.I.) in 1868, and
General in 1877, retiring in the succeeding year. He com¬
manded the troops in Cephalonia from 1848 to 1850, and served
as Brigadier-General in the Crimean War, receiving the medal
with clasps, the Sardinian and Turkish medals, the Legion of
Honour, and the third class of the Medjidieh.
General John Hamilton Elphinstonc - Dalrymple, C.B.,
Colonel 1st Battalion Highland Light Infantry, at 7. Beaufort-
gardens, on J one 28. He was the eighth son of Sir Robert
Dalrymple Horn Elphinstone, first Baronet, of Horn and Logie,
Elphinstone, in the county of Aberdeen. He married, April
23, 1851, Georgina Anne, eldest daughter of Mr. William Brig-
stocke, M.P., of Birdcombe Court, Somersetshire, and widow
of Mr. Francis Garden Campbell, of TronpandGlenlyon, which
lady died, April 15, 1887, without issue.
The Hon. and Rev. Robert Liddell, for thirty years Vicar
of St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, at his residence in New Caven¬
dish-street, on June 29, He was the fifth son of Thomas
Henry, first Lord Rnvensworth, and was horn in 1808. He was
one of the pioneers of tho High Church movement. He married,
Jan. 26,1836. Emily Anne Charlotte, eldest daughter of the late
Hon. and Rev. Gerald Wellesley, niece of the Duke of
Wellington. By that lady, who died in October, 1876, he
leaves three cons.
Major Charles Edmund Thornton, of Kirkland Ilall and
Beaumont Cote, in the county of Lancaster, late 7th Fusiliers,
at Whittington, near Hove, Sussex, on June 23, aged sixty-
three. He married, firstly, in 1862, Eliza Amanda, eldest
surviving daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Stephen Williams,
56th Bengal Native Infantry, and widow of Mr. William
Campbell Deane Campbell, of Corraith House. Ayrshire, which
lady died in 1872 ; and secondly, in 1873. Marion, only sur¬
viving daughter of Mr. William Pole, of Cheltenham, and
leaves issue. _
RICHMOND I*ARK.
Tho proposal to hold the future annual meetings of the
National Rifle Association, removed henceforth from Wimble¬
don-common, in the beautiful Royal Park of Richmond, has
recently been discussed with a lively difference of opinions.
The residents in that town and neighbourhood, among whom
is Sir J. Whittaker Ellis, M.P.. the munificent donor of a
valuable public recreation-ground on the banks of the Thames
below Riclimond-hiil, have signified their strong opposition by
a public meeting and a deputation to tho Chief Commissioner
of Works. Mr. Vernon Heath, the well-known landscape
photographer, Mr. Thornycroft, Mrs. Maxwell, and others who
feel an interest in preserving the tranquil charms of the
sylvan scenery, have individually protested against this
scheme, which we certainly do not support. On the south, the
north, and the east sides of London, within about the same dis¬
tance, several open spaces could be found—especially in the Essex
and Kentish marshes, and on the Surrey Downs—more suitable
for the purpose without spoiling a picturesque locality, and
without interrupting the enjoyment of a favourite resort for
seekers of rural quiet and wholesome fresh air. Our Artist's
Rambling Sketches will serve opportunely to suggest pleasing
reminiscences of the haunts and “ nursery ” of the noble herd
of deer, the delightful walks over “ some of the most perfect
turf in England,” and the fine old oak-trees, many of which
are now threatened with destruction. The preservation of
Richmond Park from disfigurement, from noise and bustle
during a whole fortnight in summer every year, from hideous
shooting-butts, a large encampment of tents, the mob of vulgar
camp-followerB, the wearisome popping of rifle-shots, and the
danger of stray bullets, is of much importance to Londoners,
though it may be of less concern to three or four noblemen,
patrons of the Association, who arc the happy owners of fine
private parks in several English counticB. Richmond Park,
moreover, is classic ground, consecrated by memories of poetry
and literary history which should not be so wantonly disturbed.
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ANNIVERSARIES.
It is always an anniversary. The world has been in existence
so long that no day passes over our heads which does notremrd
the completion of a year on some event more or less imnoriam
to somebody, somewhere Now it is a mighty nation celebraUng
its independence, the jubilee of a reign, or mourning over a
deceased Monarch ; now it is a humble and obscure individual
rejoicing or lamenting over memories to which the exact
round of life gives a significant vividness. Between these two
high and low extremes every class of humanity is hourlv
touched almost, by those recollections of the past which ate
brought conspicuously to the mind by the precise lapse of twelve
months. Everywhere, each succeeding twenty-four hours adds
another notch to the scores of notches in the yearly calendar
date for date. And so we go on annually, month for month'
week for week, day for day, all and every one of them bringing
a well-defined span of time back, as it were, to its starting,
point, to be again renewed and carried on until yet another
year is completed.
It is, however, only on the quite youug or the very old
that these recurrent dates make much impression. By the
young, they are looked forward to eagerly; by the old, sadly
retrospectively, and regretfully. When we have not had time
to add up many, or to get tired over the arithmetical cal¬
culation, it is a joy to make the sum larger and larger unit by
unit; and there is no more delightful opportunity for doing
this, no occasion more fraught with pleasure for increasing
the total than a birthday. This is the anniversary by far the
most important of all to the juvenile community. To lad and
lass a birthday is unclouded by that shadow which creeps over
it in later life—the dread of growing old. There is no sorrow¬
ing for that other year gone, which is bringing the end closer
and closer ; on the contrary, we cannot believe in an end, or
if we do, it does not affect us: we cannot realise it and never
think of it. The peep we get of the prospect of life lying
before us looks simply interminable, inexhaustible—a path of
roses that must, like the brook, go on for ever. With a vista
like this oi>ening to oar view, there is little wonder that
the birthdays of the young, with all they include, are con¬
spicuous and paramount among anniversaries. After our own
natal day has been celebrated, the next in importance is that
of a brother, sister, parent, or friend, each carrying with it its
due observance and relative amount of pleasure, presents,
and fan.
Ranking only second to birthdays in favour comes Christ¬
mas, and there are a thousand good reasons for this being a
very notable anniversary during our dayB of adolescence. It is
holiday time, feasting time, pantomime time, and a time for
high jinks generally.
Very much the same may be said of every season and date,
as they spin round one after another, if they are signalised by
a cessation of study or labour—such as Easter, midsummer,
and the like, lint after a while, when we begin to get rather
startled by the rapidity with wlrich we find all anniversaries
turning np, and are made a little bit uneasy by the recollection
that we are growing older and older, the repetition of the
dates becomes slightly tiresome. We cease to look forward to
them with pleasurable sensations, and we thus, step by step,
disregard them more ami more until we almost forget them,
or try to do so ; and certainly resent any reminder as unneces¬
sary and obtrusive. Whether it be the anniversary of a birth¬
day, a wedding-day, or what not, we would prefer that it should
be allowed to pass by unnoticed. With our coming of age, or
soon after, wc think the celebration of our birthday should
cease; and if any particular regard is to be paid to
the nuptial day. well, when the first half dozen arc
over, let us defer further fuss about it until the twenty-
fifth is reached—that silvery period which too frequently
with bitter irony asserts its character in our Hyperion locks,
and, by way of giving an emphasis to it, calls itself a quarter
of a century.
Again, what applies to these occasions does so equally to
Christmas and the rest,, an til the years are allowed to fly by
with all their dates and seasons undistinguished, unmarked.
Only, at length, when the journey is drawing towards its
close, and the road narrows, and the prospect dims on our
sight, do we again take up any interest in particular dates in
the calendar. And what a different sort of interest it is then !
How changed are all our sensations when the fifties associate
themselves with births, marriages, deaths, Christmases, or
notable jieriotls and events of any description, private or public!
Then, truly, we may say with Goethe—
The near afar off seems; the distant, nigh ;
The now a dream, lire {first reality.
For the oldsters record not the flight of time year by year, but
jump back at a bound, by twenties and thirties, and forties;
and the intervals being thus omitted, the forty looks as short
a way behind ns ns the twenty. The oblivion shrouding the
central epoch of life's journey, that period when we disdained
to note or honour anniversaries, acts like a valley-mist, above
and beyond which all that is prominently visible are those
mountain-tops or conspicuous landmarks, which we regarded
with so lively an interest when standing in their midst. The
impression they then made on the youthful mind is in a sort
indelible ; the then pliant wax received it willingly, and being
cut deep and sharp, it has become, under the hardening in¬
fluence of time, wellnigh indelible. In casting back to it, there¬
fore, it starts into existence again with nil the strong r^bty
of yore. Thousands of onr fellow countrymen, to whit, look
back at the Queen's accession to the throne as an event of
yesterday, and fail entirely to realise that half a century and
more lias passed away since 1837. It seems incredible-
E {unity so to a somewhat younger generation does the fact
that twenty-five years have vanished since the Prince and
Princess of Wales were wed. .
Thus it is with public affairs, and you will find scarcely
any difference with yonr own. Yon can remember vividly
certain notable anniversaries in your family long ago sad,
alas! no less than joyous; and some half-dozen or more
happy birthdays, with their many trifling details, and
especially vour twentv-first. Then soon after comes the
misty gap. and lo ! it is as if the intervening span of years
had never been ; unless, that is, from out that uncertain haze
some day of bitter trial that befell rises forth, clear and
distinct as the years roll by, bringing with it a memory or
pain never to be allayed, and that only eternity can obliterate.
But this is an exception, let us hope, to the rule which guides
memory's action; and as, mercifully, few sorrows fix them¬
selves in our minds so firmly ns do our joys, it is, after all, roe
brighter, happier, red-letter days which are the most reauny
rcealled. Still, this retrospective process, this renewal ol our
interest in happy anniversaries, is quite sufficiently ting
with melancholy to make our observance of them a very
different business now to that which it used to be. Since,
however, recollections, reminiscences, autobiographical memoir
of the past, and the like, have lately formed the popular read¬
ing of the day. and as there have been a good many celebration
of anniversaries going forward, it is to be supposed they cia
the willing attention of the middle-aged no less t “ a "
the young and old, affording, on the whole, infinite jdea
to .ill. *> "•
JULY 14, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
35
THE COURT.
The Queen and the Koyal family went to Frogmore on Sunday
morning, July 8, and attended Divine service at the Royal
Mausoleum. The Dean of Windsor, assisted by the Rev.
Canon Duckworth, officiated, and the latter preached the ser¬
mon. Divine service was afterwards performed in the private
chapel at the castle. Lady Frances Baillio and the Rev. Canon
Duckworth, D.D., had the honour of dining with her Majesty
and the Royal family. The Due d'Aumale visited her Majesty
on July 9, and remained to luncheon. Prince and Princess
Christian of Schleswig-Holstein dined with her Majesty. Lady
Frances Baillie had the honour of being invited. Prince and
Princess Henry of Battenberg went to London. Princess
Frederica, Baroness Von Pawel Rammingen, arrived at the
castle. Lady Frances Baillie left. The Queen, on July 10,
conferred the honour of knighthood upon the following gentle¬
men :—Mr. Charles Halle, Mr. John Stainer. Mus. Doc.; John
James Harwood. Mayor of Manchester; John Hassard, Principal
Registrar of the Province of Canterbury : George Barclay
Bruce, President of the Institution of Civil Engineers; anil
George David Harris, of the Bahamas, formerly member of
the Executive Council. According to the latest arrangements,
the Queen and Court are expected to leave Windsor Castle on
July 1 > for Osborne.
The Prince and Princess of Wales left Marlborough House
on July 4 for Sandringham. Their Royal Highnesses were
accompanied by Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud, and
travelled by a Great Eastern train from St. Pancras at 2.33
to Wolverton, en route for Sandringham. On Sunday,
July 8, the Prince and Princess of Wales, with Princesses
Louise, Victoria, and Maud, and attended by the Ladies and
Gentlemen of the Household, were present at Divine service
at the Church of St. Mary Magdalen, in Sandringham Park.
The Rev. F. Harvey, Rector of Sandringham, and domestio
chaplain to the Prince of Wales, officiated and preached.
Their Royal Highnesses will return to town on Monday,
July HI, to attend the opening of the Great Northern Hospital
on the day following.
FASHIONABLE MARRIAGE.
The marriage of Mr. H. F. Cavendish, R.5L, eldest son of
the late Colonel W. H. and Lady Emily Cavendish, to Lady
Harriet Godolphin Osborne, eldest daughter of the Duke and
Duchess of Leeds, was solemnised on July 10 at St. Paul's
Church, Knightsbridge, before a large and fashionable
congregation. The bridegroom, accompanied by the Hon.
Hedworth Lambton, R.N., as best man, arrived early; and
shortly afterwards came the following ten bridesmaids—the
Ladies Alice, Ada, Alexandra, and Constance Godolphin
Osborne, sisters of the bride; the Misses Edith and Alice
Foljambe, nieces of the bridegroom; the Ladies Eleanor and
Anne Lambton, Lady Victoria Leveson-Gower, and Miss Blanche
Egerton. They wore dresses of cream French crepe trimmed
with white moire ribbon and broad sashes, and hats of Panama
straw trimmed with white crepe lisse, ribbons and feathers
to match. Each wore a brooch—a serpent (the Cavendish crest)
in brilliants—the gift of the bridegroom, and carried a
bouqnet of mixed roses. The bride entered the church at half¬
past two o'clock, leaning on her father's arm ; and, the servic#
being choral, a nuptial hymn was sung as the bridal procession
passed to the chancel. The bride’s dress was of white peau-de-
soie, draped with Honiton lace, caught up with clusters of
orange-blossoms and myrtle ; she wore a spray of the same
flowers in her hair, and a tulle veil. Her ornaments included
a diamond star (the gift of the Duke of Leeds) and a diamond
brooch (the bridegroom’s gift). The Archbishop of York
officiated, assisted by the Rev. W. Page Roberts, uncle of tho
bride, and the Rev. William Shaw, Rector of West Stoke,
Chichester; the Duke of Leeds giving his daughter away.
Among the numerous wedding presents were a silver-gilt box
and a tourmaline and diamond bracelet, from the Prince and
Princess of Wales.
A portrait of the late Sir Charles Macgregor was unveiled
at Simla on July 2 by the Commander-in-Chief.
The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt
have appointed Mr. G. W. Hervey, of the Treasury, to he
Assistant Comptroller, in the place of Mr. J. F. Daly, resigned.
Before returning to America Mr. Sidney Woollett recited
" Enoch Arden ” on July 11, at Stanley Hall, Holloway, in aid
of the St. Joseph's Church Building Fund. He wasassisted by
Mr. Ludwig, who sang selections from Gounod and others. Mr.
Woollett. will give at the same hall ■•Hiawatha" for the same
purpose on July 18, when he will again be assisted by Mr.
Ludwig, who will sing selections from Sullivan and others.
At a meeting on Jnly 0 of the Mansion House Committee
formed to promote the snccess of the Royal Agricultural
Society's Show in Windsor Great Park next year, a letter from
Sir Henry Ponsonby was read stating that the Queen would
contribute £103 to the fund, and the Prince of Wales £30.
Many other subscriptions were announced: Messrs. N. M.
Rothschild and Sons contributing £250, Lord Revelstoke £100,
Mr. J. Stewart Hodgson £100, Lord Hillingdon £100, Mr. F.
Shoolbred £103. Messrs. W. and A. Gilbey £105, and Mr.
W alter Gilbey £105.
The Australian cricketers have been defeated by Leicester¬
shire, the county team winning by twenty runs. The match
at Brighton between Sussex and Kent ended in the victory of
the visitors by five wickets. At Manchester, Lancashire
obtained an easy victory over Middlesex hv an innings and
twenty-one runs. At Trent-bridge the match between Notts
and Yorkshire ended in a draw. On July 10. at Lord's Cricket-
ground the Gentlemen, after a very sensational and exciting
finish, beat the Players by five runs. At Derby the Derbyshire
team were put out in the second innings of their match with
the Australians for 57, leaving the Colonists victorious by an
innings and 79 runs.
Australia is suffering from a plngae of mice. It is said
that from Coomebarabran to Coolah there is hardly a residence
that is not troubled in this way. Tbe mice come in droves,
and eat everything in the place. On one station 2s. per 100
was oBered for their destruction, and during a single night
2000 were killed. The price then went down to a Is. In one
hotel in three nights 1000 mice were killed with a mixture of
floor and strychnine. At another place the mice ate the
whole carcase of a freshly-killed sheep in one night, leaving
only the bare bones by the morning. At another station a man
was kept whose sole duty was to keep the mice away from the
provender during the time the horses were eating it. and this
the man found a difficult task. The week before the races at
Coolah, the vermin got into the horse-boxes at the station, and
actually ate the bandages from the legs of the race-horses.
Sleeping people are said to have been attacked by them. The
orops were being destroyed. The mice climbed np the stalks,
and ate the cobs. Many fields, acres in extent, had been
abandoned, the corn being eaten completely away. People
were at their wits' end to devise the best means for destroying
the pest. The mice burrowed in the fields, like rabbits, in
miniature warrens.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
CuiumuHientiona for thie dr/mrtmeiit ahould be addrraaed to thr Cheat Edi
Dki.t.i.-Wc arc inurli oMim-l for liars gome, .which shall Iks ciaiuincd. We
J J
very pica4od to rccoivc tiwf
<u.—You do not ap]tear .
(Kington).—Thauk» for calh
:i. Lou \is k.—Y our ru
niKiak of with tho lato HeVrKalkhccr. ”
LOd by tho possession,
attention to your now venture, which w
vas inadvertently oiuittod.an erroravhic
where do you
from P A: of No. 23n5
iloncl Loniino, 1) A. ami
thaw (SheffieldAlpha,
Solution o
WHITE.
1. It to K B 5th
2. Motes.
1 Problem No. 2306.
BLACK.
Any move
PROBLEM No. 2310.
By G. E. Barbier.
1. P to Kith P to Kith
2. P to K l; 4th B to Q B 4tlv
3. K Kt to B 3rd P to y 3rd
1. It to Q B 4th B to K Kt 5th
5. P to y Kt 1th B to Kt 3rd
6. P lake* P P takes P
7. B takes P <chj K to Kt 2nd
8. B takes Kt K takes B
9. Kt to y B 3rd 1* to B 3rd
10. P to y 3rd 1’ to K U 3rd
11. KKtoBsq R to B *<i
12. 1* to Kt 5ill It to B 3rd
13. B to It 3rd (ch) KloKsq
11. y toy 2nd Kt toy 2nd
15. Castles B takes Kt
16. P takes B K to B 2nd
17. Kt to K 2nd P l<* R 3rd
18. P takes BP P takes P
19. Kt to Kl 3rd It to Kt 3rd
We see no object in tin* It to Kt
(Mr. Blackburnc)
23. B to B 2nd
24. B to Q 6th B takes B
25. Kt takes B tell) K to Kt so
26. P to K H 1th
a real relief I
I 27. y to Kt 1th
I 28. K to y 2nd
. 29. K to K 3rd
•! 30. K to B 3rd
y to Kt 3rd tch
to R 8th |e’
o Kt 7lli (i
O K 4th
20. Kt to B 5th y to Kt ith
Of no avail ; White can easily defend j
huuself on t lie Kiugs side.
21. P to B 4th P takes P
22. R takes P Kt to B 3rd
A move that ought to have cost Black
23. y K to B sq
Game between Mr. G. Morsi
(Evans
■WHITE (Mr. M.) BLACK (Mr. C.)
1. P to K 4th P to K 4th
2. Kt to K B 3rd Kt to Q B 3rd
3. B to B 4th B to B 4th
4. P to Q Kt 4th B takes P
5. Castles P to y 3rd
6. P to B 3rd B to B 4th
7. P to Q 4th P takes P
8. P takes 1* B to Kt 3rd
9. P to y 5th Kt to K 4th
10. B to Kt 2nd K Kt to K 2nd
11. B to Q 3rd Castles
12. Kt to B 3rd B to Kt 5th
13. P to K 5th P takes P
Black should have taken the Kt before
cai'turwg this I*.
14. B takes R P 'ch) K takes B
15. Kt to Kt 5th (ch) K to Kt sq
16. Q takes B y to Q 3rd
W. Kt to Q 4th
51- K Lakes R Kt Lakes Q
12. KtloB7tll y to B 2nd
J3. K R to B 2nd Kt takes It P
J4. P to K 5lh Kt to B 6th
15. Kt to y 6Ul Kt toQ 4th
16. It to B 7th y to Kt 3rd
17. R to B 3rd K t to K 6th (ch)
18. K to R 3rd Q to Q 5th
And in a few more moves Whlto
t’signed.
i'll owl Mr. II. R. Couldrey.
Gambit.)
WHITE (Mr. M.) black (Mr. C.)
Weak ; y to B »| is best : and if Whit®
(•lay y to It 5th, then y to B ith.
17. B to R 3rd
Very well played.
17. y takes B
There seems to be nothimr better, for
if Black move his y the Kt i* lost.
18. y to n 5th k it to y mi
19. y takes B P (ch) K to R sq
20 . y Kt to K 4th R to y 3rd
White threatens Kt to Utah. There in
no defence to save tuo game.
21. y takes Kt BtoB4th
22. Kt takes B y takes Kt
23. Kt to K 6th R takes Kt
24. y takes Q R to R 3rd
25. y takes B P,
and wins.
As noticed last week. Mr. Blaekburno’s arrears In the British Chess Club
Handicap were due to a visit to his native county, when' he has been delight¬
ing large audiences by striking exhibitions of his skill. His principal per¬
formances were at Rosscndnle, where on one evening he engaged twenty
opisinents at once,and defeated them all. with a single exception; whilst tho-
next evening ho played eight blindfold games simultaneously with exactly
the same success. We give above the game lost on the first occasion, frniii
which it will be seen that the single player ought to have had what in tho
language of Wimbledon is a *■ highest i«osslble score.”
The quarterly magazine of Wesley College, Dublin, has starte I a cites*
column, and offers prizes for a solut ion and a problem tourney, particular*
of which can be obtained from the Cltess Editor. 17. Royal-terrace, Kingston.
The column Itself seems attractively conducted, but it Is to be luqicd too-
much sj«co will not be devoted to the poetry and prose notion of the game,
a sort of stuff that makes neither players nor conqioscrs. A little of such
sentiment goes a long way, and one article in the number under notice
provides enough for tuc rest of the column's career.
We are requested to state that the widow of the late Earl
of Seafield wishes it to be known that in future her proper
designation is “ Georgiana, Countess of Seafield.” There being
now three Countesses of Seafield, this distinction is necessary
to avoid confusion.
MUSIC.
ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.
Rossini’s dramatic masterpiece, “Guillaume Tell,” was pro¬
duced on July 5. “Guillaume Tell,” the crowning work of
Rossini's career, and one of the finest productions of the lyric
stage, was first brought out at Paris, in 1829, when the com¬
poser was under forty years of age. All the tempting offers
made to him for another opera failed to induce him to make
any fresh essay in that direction. By his “ Guillaume Tell ”
he had achieved a grand success and world-wide renown ; he
was possessed of ample wealth, and would therefore not risk
the possibility of falling short of the result already attained—
greater popularity being impossible, and money being no
object. Perhaps his determination is to be regretted, as he
gave up dramatic composition when his powers wero at their
greatest height, as is proved by his “Stabat Mater.” produced
some years after his “Guillaume Tell.” That this opera has
been heard only at intervals is chiefly, if not entirely, owing
to the rare appearance of a tenor gifted with a voice of tho
very exceptional kind capable of realising the music of the
character of Arnold, which was written for a very high French
tenor, commanding an upper range of notes bat seldom possessed.
M. Prevost, who sustained the character on the occasion now
referred to, made his first appearance here in the same part
last year. Ilis recent performance was fully equal to that in
the former instance. In each of the great situations the singer
displayed high merits, especially in the declamatory pass¬
ages, his beet success having perhaps been in the great trio
with Tell and Walter, in which he sang with alternate
expressive pathos and heroic passion. The graceful music of
Mathilde was very pleasingly sung by Miss Macintyre, who
gave the romanza “Selva opaca” (with the preceding recita¬
tive), and her share in the love-duet with Arnoldo, with vocal
fluency and refined style. A little more dignity of bearing
would have been an improvement. The co-operation of
M. Lassalle as Tell, and M, E. De Reszk6 as Walter, was a
highly important feature in several instances, notably in tho
grand trio already referred to. Mdllc. Bauermeister was a
very efficient Jemmy (Tells son), her co-operution in the con¬
certed music of the first act having been especially valu¬
able. Signor I. Corsi gave the Fisherman’s Song in the
opening scene with fair effect, and the cast included
efficient representatives of other characters. The orchestra
was competent to the execution of the elaborate instrumental
details, and the choral music was finely sung by an augmented
chorus, the freshness of the voices having been in agreeable
contrast to the chorus-singing of some past opera seasons. The
magnificent music in the scene of the meeting of the cantons
was admirably rendered. The general representation of the
opera, indeed, was such as has scarcely ever been surpassed, if
equalled, and the stage arrangements were worthy of Mr.
Augustus Harris’s high reputation. The ballet action included
the skilful daucing of Mdlles. Ginri and Cornalba.
JSince the performances noticed by ns in our previous issue,
“ Un Ballo in Maschera ” has been given, with the appearance
of Madame Rolla as Amelia. The lady, it may be remembered,
sustained the character of Donna Elvira, in “ Don Giovanni,”
on May 21, in sudden replacement of Miss Macintyre, who was
disabled by indisposition, but who afterwards filled the part
with marked success. The ready efficiency of Madame Rolla
on the occasion first referred to was matter for favourable
comment at the time, and fully justified her assumption of the
character of the heroine in the recent performance of “ Un
Hallo in Maschera,” in which she again obtained a genuine
success, vocally and dramatically. Mdllc. Sigrid Arnoldson
was a bright representative of the Page, and the cast was
rendered exceptionally strong by the co-operation of Madame
Seal chi, M. J. De Reszke, and M. Lassalle in principal parts.
On July 7 a new Carmen appeared in Bizet’s opera so
entitled. Mdlle. De Lussan, the debutante, achieved a decided
success, notwithstanding the disadvantage of appearing in a
very arduous part that has been identified with some excep¬
tionally great artists. The new comer has the advantages of
youth and good looks, bright vocalisation, and dramatic
instincts. .She produced a favourable impression throughout,
and especially in the later scenes of the opera. The cast was
otherwise a familiar one. Signor Mancinelli conducted the
performanc. s.
The season (which is being prolonged for a fortnight
beyond the original intention) will close on July 21.
The second of Mr. Augustas Harris’s operatic concerts at
St. James’s Hall consisted—as on the previous occasion—of an
attractive programme, contributed to by most of the principal
artists of the Royal Italian Opera.
The Richter Concerts closed the series at St. James’s Hall
with the ninth concert on July 9. The programme was
occupied by Beethoven’s “ Missa Solennis,” that leviathan piece
of Catholic service music which, like his ninth (choral) sym¬
phony, seems to have realised the highest possible degree of
grandeur and sublimity. A more impressive climax could not
have been provided for the series of excellent concerts just
terminated.
Mr. De Lara’s annual concert at the Opera Comique Theatre,
on July 9, included the first public performance of a musical
comedietta entitled “ A Serenata in Grenada,” an adaptation
from the French, with music composed by Mrs. Lynedoch
Moncrieff, who, and Mr. De Lara, were the vocalists in the
piece; Madame Filipi and Miss A. Hughes having sustained
the acting portions. The music is light and tuneful, and well
suited for drawing-room performance. The concert comprised
a miscellaneous vocal and instrumental selection, among which
were some clever performances by Sefior Manjon, a blind guitar
player, and violin solos by Mdlle. Levallois. Mrs. Bernard
Beere contributed a recitation, and the singing of Mr. De Lara’s
choir of ladies was a feature in the programme.
Mr. Charles Hallos series of chamber-music concerts at
St. James's Hall closed, on July (5, with the eighth perform¬
ance, the programme having included his rendering of
Beethoven's last solo pianoforte sonata (in C minor, Op. Ill),
besides some important concerted instrumental works.
Herr Ludwig (violinist) and Mr. W. E. Whitehouse
(violoncellist) gave the fourth of their interesting chamber
concerts at Prince’s Hall on July 11, with a programme of
strong interest in its instrumental details.
A performance of Otto Nicolai’s opera “The Merry Wives
of Windsor ” (“ Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor ”) was
announced to be given at the Savoy Theatre on July 11. by
pupils of the Royal College of Music, conducted by Professor
Stanford.
Among recent miscellaneous concerts were those of Mdlle.
Bronnum (a meritorious Scandinavian vocalist) ; Mr. C. Wade
(the esteemed tenor) ; Professor S. D’Odiardi (of Paris), who,
in association with Miss E. Harrison, and with vocal and
instrumental assistance, announced the performance of compos¬
itions for the first time, including portions of an oratorio,
entitled “Jesus”; Viscountess Folkestone’s concert at St.
James’s Hall (including the co-operation of the ladies’ string
band and chorus) in aid of the fund for distressed Irish ladies ;
nnd the concerts of Mdlle. Bartkowska, Signor Villa. Mdlle.
Jsabelle Levallor, theCoonteas DeBremont,and Mr.Val Marriott
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, July 14, 1888.—36
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Quite unique in it* way is the annual tete at the Royal
Botanical Gardens. Admission is only secured by the vouchers
of fellows of the society ; still, there were nearly two thousand
guests there on this occasion. It is a rale that evening dress
must be worn, and, os far as the male portion of the company
went, the regulation was observed. But very few ladies went
with either low dresses or uncovered heads, the damp, cold
atmosphere forbidding such risks. There were, however,
some pretty new-fashioned demi-toilette dresses. One success¬
ful gown had a Directoire polonaise of black velvet, with cut
steel buttons, opening over a white silk vest and under¬
skirt ; sleeves to a little below the elbow, and finished
with a pointed white silk cuff, with one button on it. Another,
in pale grey silk, with silver embroidery down the front
and round the bottom of the 6kirt, was effective in the
subdued light of the illuminations. It is an opportunity
for the display of handsome opera-mantles, and one or
two were noticeably pretty. A short coat of silver brocade on
a white ground was made gathered into a collar and cuffs of
pale-yellow silk. A ehaudrtm plush hod the sleeves draped
over with an open-work embroidery of jet, producing the
effect now so fashionable of a mere drapery from the shoulder,
while at the same time allowing the arm to be protected by
the undersleeve of plush. A long coat of primrose and moss-
green striped silk with trimmings of green moire was very
striking.
But this fete is one of the few fashionable events when the
interest of the people and the gowns is quite eclipsed by that
of the occasion. The beautiful grounds of the Royal Botanic
Sooiety take on the appearance of fairyland. The broad walk
lit by chains of large-globed gas-lamps, the trees and lawns
dotted with variegated lights, the lake spanned between the
islands and the shore with semicircular arches hung with
lamps of many colours, which are reflected in the water so os
to appear like a great far-stretching oval avenue of parti¬
coloured light, the tall water-tower and the castellated east
gate completely covered with soft pink brilliance—all this
makes up an unequalled tout mumble. The great conservatory
was entirely lit with the charming “fairy lights,” a most
effective decoration—some placed about amidst the growing
tree ferns and flowers, and others arranged on chandeliers,
clusters, and branches of them together, shedding a full yet
Boft and becoming light. One chandelier had fairy lights
with cut-glass supports and delicately-tinted pink covers;
another had pink saucers and shades of white thick glass cut
into many facets ; and yet another of the many forms of fairy
light had a porcelain cover painted with sprays of flowers,
which showed npwith the light beneath just as a transparency
does in a window. Nothing could be prettier than the con¬
servatory so lit; each delicate little lamp emitting an unob¬
trusive flame, while the general effect was brilliant. Banks of
orchids here and of roses there; tables fully dressed for
dinner with flowers, fruit, wax candles, fairy lights holding
menus or surrounded by blossoms, china figures bearing bowls
for fruit, glass and silver of the most tasteful description ;
four military bands playing by turns, in diverse situations ;
and the immense throng of well-dressed people to give life and
movement—the Royal Botanical fete is an attractive event.
The Liberal Unionists are to follow the example of all
the other political parties, and engage the assistance of women
in their campaign in the country. They have not, any more
than the Gladstonian Liberals, learned the great lesson taught
by the Primrose League, that it is the association of men and
women in political work that produces an active, influential,
and powerful organisation. The new Women's Liberal
Unionist Association is “ to be in communication and act in
co-operation" with the Men's Unionist Associations, but is to
be a subordinate affair altogether. “No important step will
be taken by the women's committee without consultation
with the officials of the older and more experienced organ¬
isations." This is not the way to make the new association
successful. The Primrose League is a power precisely because
there the women really have a full, or even a paramount,
share in the management. Doubtless they receive counsel,
and even take orders from the central organisation of the party ;
but men and women combine on equal terms in the organisation
in the country, and the most active spirits, the true leaders of
the Primrose League, are ladies. The separation of the women,
the marking them off, as it were, as though they were not part
of the regular army of the party, but only auxiliary forces, to
be alternately patronised and snubbed as the council of war
may find convenient—this is the “ Liberal" blunder.
The meeting in the Dowager Lady Stanley of Alderley’s
drawing-room was a very full and influential one; Lady
Edward Cavendish, the Countess of Strafford. Lady Stalbridge,
Lady Lawrence, Lady Powerscourt, Lady Lymington, Lady
Henley, Lady Grant-Duff, and a great many other women of
Booial position being present, while the Countess of Ports¬
mouth, Lady E. Biddulph, Lady Trelawny, and Mrs. II.
Fawcett took part in the proceedings. The Duke of Argyll
made the principal speech. He mentioned, as a proof that
women in public life are not mere chatterers, that the late
Lord Lawrence, when Chairman of the London School Board,
Baid to his Grace that the distinguishing feature of the women
members of that Board was that “they did not talk so much
as the men." This is quite true; in public life, as tested by
the London School Board, at all events, unrestrained garrulity
is net a feminine weakness. Lady Portsmouth's speech was a
very favourable specimen of female oratory, her voice being
soft and musical, her manner refined and graceful, and her
sentiments elevated and sincere in tone. Mrs. Fawcett
spoke forcibly, as she always does; but her suggestion
that this movement on the part of women was based
entirely on high moral grounds and was composed of those
outside the current of ordinary party politics, received a
curious commentary when one looked at the list of the general
committee, and saw that nearly all the ladies on it are simply
the relatives of men active in the Unionist party—just as
the Gladstonian Liberal women's associations are almost ex¬
clusively composed of the wives and daughters of strongly
partv men holding Home Rule views.
“'The Rose—the woman of the flowers," as Leigh Hunt
wrote, had her annual court at the Crystal Palace on
July 7. The old favourites, including amongst crimson roses
“ A. K. Williams." “Duke of Edinburgh,” “Marie Baumann,”
and “ Ulrich Brunner ”: and, amongst white roses, “ Xiphetos,”
“ Mervoille de Lyon,” and “ La France,” were there in pro¬
fusion. The “ York and - master,” a curious rose with white
stripes on red petals, was plentifully shown ; and, of course,
“ Marechal Niel" was abundant. The silver medal for the
best bloom in the show was taken by a splendid specimen of
the notable pink rose “M. Etienne Leret," this particular
blossom being os large as a tea-plate and perfectly formed ; it
was grown by Cranston, of Hereford. Amongst the “ garden
Varieties ” a cultivated wild rose, oalled “ Hebe’s Lip," was very
pretty. “W. A. Richardson ” is a perfectly orange rose ; but, in
getting the peculiar colour, the characteristic shape is lost, and
I the flower does not look a bit like a rose. “ Ma Capucin ” is
| another curiosity—quite a briok red. Whata charming pursuit
I wee-growing must be .’ Flokknok Fenwick-Milleb.
SCULPTURE AT THE ROYAL ACADEMY
EXHIBITION.
Two interesting groups of sculpture, in this year’s Exhibition
of the Royal Academy, are represented in our Illustrations.
The one modelled by Mr. C. B. Lawes does not bear, in the
Academy catalogue, a title of its precise subject, but the idea
is taken from some lines in Byron’s stirring narrative poem of
“ Mazeppa," describing the wild horse laden with the human
victim of insolent cruelty :—
Thcv bound me on, that menial throng,
Upon Ills bank with many a thong;
Then loosed him, with a sudden lash—
Away 1 away I and on we dash ;
Torrents less rapid and less rash ;
Thov played mo then a bitter prank,
When, with the wild horse for my guide,
They bound me to his foaming flank;
When launched, as on the lightning's flash.
They hade me to dcstnietioa dash ;
The'last of htmtan sounds that rose,
As I was parted from my foes,
Was the wild shout of savage laughter
Which on the wind cninc roaring after.
But the sculptor, in borrowing this subject from the poet, has
substituted a woman for the Polish hero of the original story,
who is mentioned in Voltaire’s “ History of Charles XIL, King
of Sweden." Mr. Lawes is eldest and only surviving son of Sir
J. B. Lawes. Bart., F.R.S.,of Rotkamsted Park, St. Albans, the
eminent agricultural chemist.
The very pleasing group calk'd “ Opening Buds," by Mr.
George Halse, symbolical of motherhood and childhood, re¬
quires no explanation. It somewhat reminds ns of the favourite
motive of a design frequently adopted by Italian sculptors of
the seventeenth century, to which they would give the title of
“ Una Carita," or “ Una Pieta.” Infancy and maternity, shown
in these relations of protecting tenderness and dependent
helplessness, can never fail to win the sympathy of mankind.
ART MAGAZINES.
The Magazim - of Art for July contains a powerful attraction
in a paper by Sir John E. Millais, R.A., entitled “Thoughts on
our Art of To-day.” Sir John Millais boldly contends that
modern art, and, in particular, the art of England, is in no
way behind that of mediaeval Italy or ancient Greece, and
asserts that the Elgin marbles, and the greatest treasures of
the National Gallery, owe a great part of their charm to age
and decay. Mr. Maurice Talmevr continues his delightful
reminiscences of a summer spent in the Forest of Fontaine¬
bleau, and Mr. W. H. Boot, of the Royal Society of British
Artists, records the cruise of a painter's house-boat up the
Thames. Mr. F. G. Kitten's article on “ Charles Dickens and
his Portraits” is continued from last month, and is illustrated
by several most varying, though very interesting, representa¬
tions of the great novelist. The frontispiece to this month's
issue, an etching, by P. Le Bat, of Meissonier's picture ■■ The
Vedette,” is particularly worthy of notice.
The frontispiece to the Art Journal for July is a capital
etching, by Mr. Fred Slocombc, of Mr. Dendy Sadler's well-
known picture, “ Thursday." Two papers particularly worthy
of note in this month's journal are Mr. Edwards Roberts’s
“American Wonderland," an account of the Yellowstone
National Park, illustrated with drawings of the wonderful
scenery of that wild country; and Mr. R. Phene Spiers'
description of the palaces of the late King of Bavaria, also
profusely illustrated. Besides the usual monthly issue, the
Art Journal publishes a summer number on the Glasgow
Exhibition: it contains drawings of most of the principal
buildings and of many of the exhibits, reproductions of several
pictures in the fine-art collection, and three splendid photo¬
gravures of the Exhibition and grounds.
HOLIDAY RAMBLER »
(By our Parii Correspondent.)
EN ROUTE FOR FRANKFORT.
Not one-third of the seats were occupied in the Paris-Frankfort
express by which I left Paris a few nights ago. “ It is on
acconnt of the new passport regulations," the guard explained
in reply to my inquiries. “ The traffic seems to diminish every
day, and our company must he losing a heap of money. All
the tourists now go by way of Delle and Bale." On the other
hand, during the month of June, since the day when the new
Alsace-Lorraine frontier regulations came into force, the
German Embassy in Paris has taken in no less than 40.000f.
in fees for passport visas.
This fact I communicated to the purse-proud and polyglot
German gentleman who was my neighbour in the sleeping,
car. but, being also a patriot, he found this good round sum a
source of joy. “ It might,” he thought, “ ultimately help the
new Kaiser to dimeenish the taxes." My German neighbour
was too patriotic, and as I did not see why foreigners should
be called upon to pay the taxes of the Vaterland. we agreed to
disagree and try to sleep. So the beds were made np and we
turned in. “ Tackcty-tackcty, tack, tack, tackety " went the
wheels clattering along the rails; “ Tack, tack, tackety,
b-r-r-r! ” Then comes a fearful jolt, and the oar sways to and
fro. If I could only get to sleep! What is the matter
with this pillow ? Is it too high or too low. too hard
or too soft 1 The stupidest and most incongruous thoughts
crowd into my head, driving away sleep. The wheels grind
and grate, and then start again with their “tack, tack, tackety"
sound that adapts it equally to imaginary drum-taps or to the
movement of the popular air from the last operetta. Patience !
I shall get used to it in another half-hour.
Horror of horrors ! My German neighbour is beginning to
snore .'—a fine contralto snore ! Is it possible ?—he is snoring
a tune! “ Die Wacbt am Rhein ! " This is, indeed, a patriot!
At four in the morning we reached the frontier of Alsace-
Lorraine, and under the watchful eyes of long-legged, blonde
soldiers and gorgeously arrayed officials, we passed, we and
our baggage, into the Zoll Itevisions-Room. But what had I
to fear with my British passport imperiously “ requesting ”
and even “ requiring in the name of her Majesty all those
whom it may concern ” to allow me “ to pass freely, without
let or hindrance " / This is the way to talk to people. There
is no ambiguity about a Britisher's passport, and no words lost
over useless suavity or formula! of politeness. “Here! yon big
German official, allow me to pass freely, without let or
hindrance ! Her Majesty requests and requires you to do so!
Be quick and let me go and get my coffee, and mind that the
coffee is hot, and accompanied by the Times and the Daily
Telegraph ! ” The big German officials, I am bound to say, were
very prompt and polite, and their words contrasted strongly
with those of my passport.
After this little incident our journey was resumed, and my
German neighbour soon fell asleep, and snored “ Die TiVacht am
Rhein ” until we came within sight of the Niederwald
Denkmal opposite Mayence, when he woke up with singular
Apropos and a new attack of “ patriotismus," which lasted
until we steamed into Frankfort station, where he saluted me
quite “ famillionairly,” and jumped into a fine two-horse
barouche adorned with his coat-of-arms, and with the person
of a blonde maiden whom he pointed out to me as his
daughter—a sweet creature of archaic outlines, like one of
Lucas Cranach’s models dressed in modern style by a pnpil of
Worth. Alas ! why did I not flatter this patriotic German l
Why did I not agree with him and develop his propositions
for him with cumulative arguments l I might, perhaps, havo
sketched out a romance with the Worth-Cranach maiden, and
so steered clear of ennui in sleepy Frankfort.
But why come to Frankfort l To answer this question
fnlly would require a historical dissertation on misunderstood
genius. I have come to Frankfort to see half a dozen pictures
in the Stadel’sche Kunst-Institut; not the flat-tinted
abominations of Overbeck, Schnorr, Cornelias, and the
German school of the nineteenth century, which Baedeker
considers to. he so interesting, bnt the early German and
Flemish masters, two Velasquez, the portrait of Lucrezia
Tomabuoni by Sandro Botticelli, a Madonna by Carpaccio, and
an anonymous work of the Florentine school of the fifteenth
century. The sight of this last picture alone has repaid me
for my journey, and impressed upon my mind a souvenir
which I hope will be as indelible as possible. On a very
sombre green background is painted a half-length figure of a
girl just budding into womanhood, but still retaining some¬
thing of that adolescent leanness which Donatello and
the great Florentines loved to render. The body is loosely
draped in white, over which is thrown an olive green
mantle. On the brow is an azure band of trans¬
parent gauze ; in the centre of the brow a jewel; while on
the head is wound, turban-like, with crinkled folds, a white
scarf which falls over the back of the neck and round over
the shoulders; the turban iB crowned with a wreath of box-
tree sprigs, and from beneath it the golden hair hangs down
over the shoulders in innumerable finely-waved wire curls,
each distinct from the other, resembling literally golden rain,
through which the light plays—a miracle of the coiffeur's
art and also of the painter's—not, it is true, of the
painter's art as Rembrandt understood it, bnt as it was
practised by the primitive Florentines, who were so keenly
sensitive to elegance and minute splendour of raiment and
ornament. This enigmatic blonde maiden, with her dark
eyes, her regular, tranquil features, her dazzling shower of
golden ringlets so preciously displayed, her exquisitely delicate
hand, whose slender-pointed fingers hold a bouquet of daisies
and pansies—a dainty bouquet of five blossoms, and no more—
is so fascinating, and, as the French would say, there is some¬
thing so disturbing, so t run burnt in her slender and almost
meagre form, that when once yon have really seen and felt the
charm of this picture you have stored up a souvenir for life,
to be guarded jealously in the most select corner of your
memory.
But I have, I perceive, wandered from the subject, and
forgotten even to indicate the historical dissertation which
would explain my journey to Frankfort. In two words here
it is : If Europe had not misunderstood Napoleon I. we should
have had most of the masterpieces of Western art com-
modiously displayed in the Louvre museum in the very centre
of civilisation, and so we should not need to travel over the
face of the earth in order to visit unpronounceable “ stadel'sche
kunst-instituts ” in ont-of-the-way towns in the land of
“ patriotismus ” and “ leberwurst.” T. C.
The distribution of prizes, medals, and certificates to the
students of the medical school in connection with St. Thomas s
Hospital took place on July 5, Professor Stokes, M.P., in the
chair. The prizes were distributed, and among those who hod
specially distinguished themselves may be mentioned Mr. J. E.
Harris, who won the Entrance Science Scholarship (value
125 guineas) and certificate of honour; Mr. C. H. James, who
received the Solly medal and prize ; Mr. F. C. Abbott, Mr. W.
B. Winston, and Mr. H. G. Turney.
'•ttn
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Jliy 14, 1888.—37
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.
BY WALTER BESANT,
Actiior op " Dorothy Forutku," •• Children ov Gibbon
"The Revolt ok Max," “ Katharine Rkoixa," etc.
CHAPTER II.
HUS did my father, by hie own act
and deed, atrip himself of all his
worldly wealth. Yet, having no¬
thing, he ceased not to put his trust
in the Lord, and continued to sit
among his books, never asking
whence came the food provided for
him. I think, indeed, so wrapped
was he in thought, that he knew
not. As for procuring the daily
food, my mother it was who found
out the way.
Those who live in other parts of
Port of Bristol, we have our great manufactures of cloth, in which
we are surpassed by no country in the world. The town of
Taunton alone can boast of eleven hundred looms always at work
making Sagathies and lies Roys; there are many looms at
Bristol, where they make for the most part Druggets and
Pantaloons; and there are great numbers at that rich and
populous town of Frome Selwood, where they manufacture
the Spanish Medleys. Besides the clothworkers, we have, in
addition, our knitted-stocking trade, which is carried on
mostly at Glastonbury and Shepton Mallet. Not only does
this flourishing trade make the masters rich and orosperous
(it is not uncommon to find a master with his twenty -ay, and
his forty—thousand pounds), but it fills all the country with
work, so that the towns are frequent, populous, and full of
everything that men can want; and the very villages are not
like those which may be seen in other parts, poor and squalid,
but well built and comfortable.
Every cottage has its spinning-wheel. The mother, when
she is not doing the work of the house, sits at the wheel; the
girls, when they have nothing else to do, are made to knit
stockings. Every week the master-clothier sends round his
men among the villages, their pack-horses laden with wool;
every week they return, their packs laden with yam, ready for
the loom.
There is no part of England where the people are more
prosperous and more contented. Nowhere are there more
towns, and all thriving: nowhere are the villages better built:
nor can one find anywhere else more beautiful churches.
Because the people make good wages they are independent in
their manners : they have learned things supposed to be above
the Btation of the humble; most of them in the towns, and
many in the villages, are able to read. This enables them to
search the Scriptures, and examine into doctrine by the light
of their own reason, guided by grace. And to me, the
daughter of a Nonconforming preacher, it does not seem
wonderful that so many of them should have become stiff and
sturdy Nonconformists. This was seen in the year 1685, and,
again, three years later, when a greater than Monmouth
landed on the western shores.
My mother, then, seeing no hope that her husband would
cam, by any work of his own, the daily bread of the house¬
hold, bravely followed the example of the women in the
village. That is to soy, Bhe set up her spinning-wheel, and
spent all the time that she could spare spinning the wool
into yam; while she taught her little boy first and, after¬
wards, her daughter—as soon as I was old enough—to manage
the needles, to knit stockings. What trade, indeed, could her
her husband follow save one—and that, by law, prohibited ?
He could not dig; he could not make anything; he knew not
how to buy or sell; he could only study, write, and preach.
Therefore, while he sat among his books in one room, she sat
over her wheel in the other, working for the master-clothiers of
Fronts Selwood. It still makes my heart to swell with pity
and with love when I think upon my mother, thus spending
herself ami being spent, working all day, huckstering with the
rough puck-horsemen more accustomed to exchange rude jests
wit'i the rustics than to talk with gentlewomen. And this she
continued to do year after year, cheerful and contented, so
that her husband should never feel the pinch of poverty. Lovo
makes us willing slaves.
My father, happily, was not a man whose mind was troubled
nbout food. He paid no heed at all to what he ate, provided
that it was sufficient for his needs; he would Bup his broth of
pork and turnips and bread, after thanks rendered, as if it were
the finest dish in the world; and a piece of cold bacon with a
hot cabbage would be a feast for him. The cider which he
drank was brewed by my mother from her own apples; to him
it was ns good ns if ft lmd boon.Sherris or Rhenish. Isay that he
did not even know how his food was provided for him; his mind
was at all times occupied with subjects so lofty that he knew
not what was done under his very eyes. The hand of God, he said,
doth still support His faithful. Doubtless we cannot look
back upon those years without owning that we were so sup¬
ported. But my mother was the Instrument; nay, my father
sometimes even compared himself with satisfaction unto the
Prophet Elijah, whom the ravens fed in the Brook Cherith,
bringing him llesh alii bread in the morning and flesh and
bread in the evening. I suppose iny father thought that
his bacon and beans came to him in the same manner.
Yet we should sometimes have fared hut poorly had it not
been for the charity of our friends. Many a fat capon, green
goose, side of bacon, and young grunter came to us from the
Manor House, with tobacco, which my father loved, and wine
to comfort his soul; yea, and clothes for us all, else had we
gone barefoot and in rags. In this way was many an ejected
Elijah at that time nourished and supported. Fresh meat we
should never have tasted, any more than the humblest around
us, had it not been for our good friends at the Manor House.
Those who live in towns cannot understand how frugal and
yet sufficient may be the fare of those who live in the country
and have gardens and orchards. Cider was our drink, which
wc made ourselves; we had some sweet apple-trees, which
gave us a 6tock of russets and pippins for winter use; we had
bees (but we sold most of our honey at Sherborne Market);
our garden grew sallets and onions, beans and the like; skim
milk we could have from the Manor House for the fetching;
tor breakfast we had bread and milk, for dinner bread and
soft cheese, with a lettuce or an apple; and bread or bread
and butter for supper. For my father there was always kept
a piece of bacon, or fat pork.
Our house was one of the cottages in the village: it is a
stone house (often I sit down to look at it, and to remember
those days of humility) with n thick thatch. It had two rooms
below and two garrets above. One room was made into a
study or library for my father, where also he slept upon a
pallet. The other was kitchen, spinning-room, parlour, all in
erne. The door opened upon the garden, and the floor was of
stone, so that it was cold. But when Bamaby began to find
•AU BigkU Buervtd.
the use of his hands, he procured some boards, which he laid
upon the stones, and so we had a wooden floor; and in winter
across the door we hung a blanket or rug to keep off the wind.
The walls were whitewashed, and over all my mother had
written texts of Scripture with charcoal, so that godly
admonition was ever present to our eyes and minds. She also
embroidered short texts upon our garments, and I have still
the cradle in which I was laid, carved (but I do not know by
whose hand) with a verse from the Word of God. My father
used himself, and would have us employ, the words of tho
Bible even for the smaller occasions oe daily use ; nor would
he allow that anything was lawful unless it was sanctioned
by the Bible, holding that in the Word was everything
necessary or lawful. Did Bamaby go shooting with Sir
Christopher and bring home a rabbit ?—Lo ! David bade the
children of Israel teach the use of the how. Did my mother
instruct and amuse me with riddles ?—She had the warrant of
Scripture for it in the example of Samson. Did she sing
Psalms and spiritual songs to while away the time and make
her work less irksome and please her little daughter ?—In the
congregation of Nehemiah there were two hundred forty-nnd-
five Binging men and singing women.
My father read and expounded the Bible to us twice a
day—morning and evening. Besides the Bible we had few
hooks which we could read. As for my mother, poor soul, she
had no time to read. And as for me, when I grew older I
borrowed books from the Manor House or Mr. Boscorel. And
there were “Old Mr. Dod’s Sayings” and “ Plain Directions
by Joseph Large” always on the shelf beside the Bible.
Now, while my father worked in his study and my brother
Bamaby either sat over his lesson-book, his hands rammed into
his hair, ns if determined to lose nothing, not the least scrap
of his portion (yet knowing full well that on the morrow there
would be not a word left in his poor unlucky noddle, and once
more the whip), my mother would sit at her wheel earning the
daily bread. And, when I was little, she would tell me,
speaking very softly, so os not to disturb the wrestling of her
husband with a knotty argument, all the things which you have
heard—how my father chose rather poverty than to worship at
the altar of Baal; and how two thousand pious ministers, like-
minded with himself, left their pulpits and went out into the
cold for conscience’ sake. So that I was easily led to think
that there were no Christian martyrs and confessors more
excellent and praiseworthy than these ejected ministers (which
still I believe). Then would she tell me further of how they
fared, and how the common people do still reverence them.
There was the history of John Norman, of Bridgwater; Joseph
Chadwick, of Wrenford; Felix Howe, of West Torrington;
George Minton, and many others. She also instructed me
very early in the history of the Protestant uprising over the
best half of Europe, and showed me how, against fearful odds,
and after burnings and tortures unspeakable, the good people
of Germany, the Netherlands, and Great Britain won their
freedom from the Pope, so that my heart glowed within me to
think of the great goodness and mercy which caused me to be
bom in a Protestant country. And she instructed me, Inter,
in the wickedness of King Charles, whom they now call a
martyr, and in the plots of that King, and Laud his Arch¬
bishop, and how King and Archbishop were both overthrown
and perished when the people arose and would bear no more.
In fine, my mother made me, from the beginning, a Puritan.
As I remember my mother always, she was pale of cheek and
thin, her voice was gentle; yet with her very gentleness she
would make the blood to run quick in the veins, and the heart
to beat.
How have I seen the boys spring to their feet when she has
talked with them of the great civil war and the Revolution!
But always soft and gentle; her blue eyes never flashing; no
wrath in her heart; hut the truth, which often causeth
righteous anger, always upon her tongue.
One day, I remember, when I was a little girl playing in
the garden, Mr. Boscorel walked down the village in his great
silken gown, which seemed always new, his lace ruffs, and his
white bands, looking like a Bishop at least, and walking
delicately, holding up his gown to keep it from the dust and
mud. When he spoke it wns in a soft voice and a mincing
speech, not like our plain Somersetshire way. He stopped at
our gate, mid looked down the garden. It was a summer day,
the doors and windows of the cottage were open; at our
window sat my father bending over his books, in his rusty
gown and black cap, thin and lank; at the door sat my mother
at her wheel.
“ Child,” said the Rector, “ take heed thou never forget in
thine age the thing which thou sccst daily in thy childhood.”
I knew not what he meant.
“Read and mark,” he said; “yea, little Alice, learn by
heart what the Wise Man hath said of the good woman : ‘ She
layeth her hand to the spindle . . . she muketh fine linen and
sclleth it . . . she eateth not the bread of idleness. . . . Let
her works praise her in the gates.’ ”
CHAPTER III.
THE BOYS.
The family of Cliallis, of Bradford Orcas, is well known; here
there has always been a Challis from time immemorial. They
arc said to have been on the land before the time of tile Con¬
queror. But because they have never been a great family, like
the Mohuns of Dunster, but only modest gentle-folk with
some four or five hundred pounds a year, they have not suffered,
like those great houses, from the civil wars, which, when they
raged in the laud, brought in their train so many attainders,
sequestrations, beheadings, imprisonments, andfines. Whether
the Barons fought, or whether Cavaliers and Roundheads, the
Challises remained at Bradford Orcas.
Since the land is theirs and the village, it is reasonable
that they should have done everything that has been done
for the place. One of them built the church, but I know
not when; another built the tower: another gave the peal
of bells. He who reigned here in the time of Henry VII.
built the Manor House ; another built the mill; tlie monu¬
ments in the church are all put up to the memory of Challises
dead and gone; there is one, a very stately tomb, which
figures, to the life, Sir William Challis (who died in the
time of Queen Elizabeth), carved in marble, and coloured,
kneeling at a desk; opposite to him is Ills second wife,
Grace, also kneeling. Behind the husband are three boys,
on their knees, and behind the wife are three girls. Apart
from this group is the effigy of Filipa, Sir Christopher's
first wife, with four daughters kneeling behind her. I
wus always sorry for Filipa, thus separated and cut off
from the society of her husband. There are brasses
ou the floor with figures of other Challises, and tablets
in the wall, and the Challis’ coat-of-arms is everywhere, cut in
lozenges, and painted in wood, and shining in the east window.
It seemed to me. in my young days, that it was the
grandest thing in the world to be a Challis.
In this family there was a laudable practice with (he
younger sons, that they stayed not at home, os is too often
their custom, leading indolent lives without ambition or fortune,
but they sallied forth and sought fortune in trade, or in the
I .aw, or in the Church, or in foreign service—wherever fortune
is to be honourably won— bo that, though I daresay i
proved dead and dry branches, others have put fort. „
and fruit abundantly, forming new and vigorous trees s
from the ancient root. Thus, some have become j
some bishops ; and some great merchants: some have crossed
tho ocean and are now settled in the Plantations: some hare
attained rank and estates in the service of the Low Countries
Tims, Sir Christopher’s brother Humphrey went to London
and became a Levant merchant and adventurer, rising to great
honour and becoming alderman. I doubt not that he would
have been made Lord Mayor but for his untimely death. And
as for his wealth, which was rumoured to be so great—but
you shall hear of this in due time.
That goodly following of his household which you have
seen enter the church on F’arcwell Sunday, was shortly after¬
wards broken into by death. There fell upon the village (I
think it was in the year 1665) the scourge of a putrid fever of
which there died, besides numbers of the village folk, Mad'am
herself—the honoured wife of Sir Christopher—Humphrey his
son, and Madam Patience Boscorel, his daughter! lliere
were left to Sir Christopher, therefore, only his daughter-in-
law and his grandsons Robin and Ben j amin. And ill that year
his household was increased by the arrival of his grand-nephew
Humphrey. This child was the grandson of Sir Christopher’s
brother, the Turkey or Levant merchant of whom 1 have
spoken. He was rich and prosperous; his 6hips sailed out
every year laden with I know not what, and returned with
figs, dates, spices, gums, silks, and all kinds of precious com¬
modities from Eastern parts. It is, I have been told, a pro¬
fitable trade, but subject to terrible dangers from Moorish
pirates, who must be bravely fought and beaten off, otherwise
ship and cargo will be taken, and captain and crew driven into
slavery. Mr. Challis dwelt in Thomes-street, close to Tower-
hill. It is said that he lived here in great splendour, as befits a
rich merchunt who is also an Alderman.
Now, in the year 1665, as is very well known, a great
plague broke out in the city. There were living in the house
of Thames-street the Alderman, his wife, his son, his Bon’s
wife, a daughter, and his grandson, little Humphrey. On the
first outbreak of the pestilence they took counsel together and
resolved that the child should be first sent away to be out of
danger, und that they would follow if the plague spread.
This was done, and a sober man, one of their porters or
warehousemen, carried the child with his nurse all the way
from London to Bradford Orcas. Alas! Before the boy
reached his great-uncle, the house in Thames-street was
attacked by the plague, and everyone therein perished. Thus
was poor little Humphrey deprived of his parents. I know
not who were his guardians or trustees, or what steps, if any,
were taken to inquire iuto the Alderman’s estate; but when,
next year, the Great F’irc of London destroyed the house in
Thames-street, with so many others, all the estate, whatever
it had been, vanished, and could no more be traced. There
must have been large moneys owing. It is certain that he had
ventures in ships. It lias been supposed that he owned many
houses in the City, but they were destroyed and their very
sites forgotten, and no deeds or papers, or any proof of owner¬
ship, were left. Moreover, there was nobody charged with
inquiring into this orphan’s affairs. Therefore, in the general
confusion nothing nt all was saved out of what had been a
goodly property, and the child Humphrey was left without a
guinea in the world. Thus unstable is Fortune.
I know not whether Humphrey received a fall in his
infancy, or whether he was born with his deformity, but the
poor lnd grew up with a crooked figure, one shoulder being
higher than the other, and his legs short, so that he looked as
if his arms were too long for him. We, who saw him thus
every day, paid no heed, nor did he suffer from any of those
cruel gibes and taunts which are often passed upon
lads thus afflicted. As he was by nature or misfortune
debarred from the rough sports which pleased his cousins, the
boy gave himself up to reading and study, and to music.
His manner of speech was soft and gentle ; his voice was
always sweet, and afterwards became strong as well, so thut I
have never heard a better singer. His face—ah ! my brother
Humphrey, what a lovely face was thine ! All goodness,
surely wus stamped upon that face. Never, never did an
unworthy thought defile that candid soul, or a bad action cast
a cloud upon that brow !
As for Robin, Sir Christopher’s grandson, I think he was
always what he is still, namely, one of a joyous heart and a
cheerful countenance. As a boy he laughed continually,
would sing more willingly than rend, would play rather than
work, loved to course and shoot and ride better than to learn
Latin grammar, and would readily off coat and fight with any
who invited him. Yet not a fool or a clown, but always a
gentleman in mama rs, and one wlio read such things ns behove
a eountiy gentleman, and scrupulous as to thepointof honour.
Sueli us he is st,ll such he was always. And of a comely presence,
with a rosy cheek and bright eyes, and ihc strength of a young
David, as well ns his ruddy und goodly countenance. The
nnmeof David, I nm told,means “ darling.” Therefore, ought
my Robin to have been named David. There were two otlur
boys—Burnaby, my brother, who was six years older than
myself, and, therefore, always to mo a great boy; and Benjamin,
the son of the ltev. Mr. Boscorel —the Rector. Bamaby grew up
so broad and strong that at twelve he would have passed
easily for seventeen; his square shoulders, deep chest, and big
limbs made him like a bull for strength. Yet he wns shorter
than most, und looked shorter than lie was by reason of lus
great breadth. He wus always exercising his strength; he
would toss the hay with the haymakers, and carry the corn for
the reapers, and thresh with the flail, and guide the plough.
He loved to climb gnat trees, and to fell them with an axe.
Everybody in the village admired his wonderful strength.
Unfortunately, he loved not books, and could never learn
anything, so tlint win u, by dint of great application and maw
repetitions, he had 1 amed a little piece of a Latin verb, he
'straightway forgot it in the night, and so, next day, there was
another flogging. But tliut lie heeded little. He was five
years older than Robin, and taught him all his woodcraft—
where to find pheasants’ eggs, how to catch squirrels, liow to
trap weasels and stoats, how to hunt the otter, how to make a
goldfinch whistle and a raven talk—never was there such a
master of that wisdom which doth not advance a man in the
world.
Now, before Baniaby’s birth, his mother, after the manner
of Hannah, gave him solemnly unto the Lord all the days ot
his life, and after his birth, her husband, after the manner ot
Elkanali, said ‘‘Do vvliat seeuicth thee good; only the Lora
establish his word.” He was, therefore, to become a minister,
like his father before him. Alas! poor Bamaby could not
even learn the Latin verbs, anil liis limit, it was found, as he
grew older, was wholly set upon the things of this world.
Wherefore, my mother prayed for him daily while she sat at
her work, that his heart might be turned, olid that he niigm
get understanding.
As for tho fourth of the boys, Benjamin Boscorel, he was
about two yours younger than Bamaby, a boy who, for want ot
a mother, and because his father wns careless of him, gKW up
rough and coarse in manners and in speech, and boastful oi
his powers. To hear Ben talk you would think that an me
THB ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Jri/t 14, 1888.-39
DRAWN BY A. FOREST!EH.
Every morning Sir Christopher sat in his Justice's chair. . . . Sometimes gipsies would be brought before him charaed with stealing poultry.
"FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.’*—BY WALTER BESANT.
40
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 14, 1888
boys of his school (the grammar school of Sherborne) were
heroes; thut the Latin taught was of a quality superior to
that which Robin and Humphrey learnt ot my father; and
that when he himself went out into the world the superiority
of his parts would be immediately perceived and acknowledged.
Those who watch boys at play together—girls more early
learn to govern themselves and to conceal their thoughts, if
not their tempers—may, after a manner, predict the future
character of every one. There is the man who wants all for
himself, and still wants more, and will take all and yield
nothing, save on compulsion, and cares not a straw about his
neighbour—such was Benjamin, as a boy. There is the man
who gives all generously—such was Robin. There is, again,
the man whose mind is raised above the petty cares of the
multitude, and dwells apart, occupied with great thoughts—
such was Humphrey. Lastly, there is the man who can act
but cannot think; who is born to be led; who is full of
courage and of strength, and leaves all to his commander,
captain, or master—such was Bamaby.
As I think of these lads it seems as if the kind of man into
which each would grow must have been stamped upon their
foreheads. Perhaps to the elders this prognostic was easy to
read.
They suffered me to play with them or to watch them at
play. When the boys went off to the woods I went with them.
I watched them set their traps—I ran when they ran. And
then, as now, I loved Robin and Humphrey. But I could not
endure—no; not even the touch of him—Benjamin, with the
loud laugh and the braggart voice, who laughed at me because I
was a girl and could not fight. The time came when he did
not laugh at me because I was a girl. And oh ! to think—
only to think—of the time that came after that!
CHAPTER IV.
SIR CHRISTOPHER.
At the mere remembrance of Sir Christopher, I am fain to lay
down my pen and to weep, as for one whose goodness was
unsurpassed, and whose end was undeserved. Good works, I
know, are rags, and men cannot deserve the mercy of God by
any merits of their own ; but a good man—a man whose heart
is full of justice, mercy, virtue, and truth—is so rare a
creature, that when there is found such a one his salvation
seems assured. Is it .not wonderful that there are among us
so many good Christians, but so few good men ? I am, indeed,
in private duty bound to acknowledge Sir Christopher’s good¬
ness to me and to mine. He was, as I have said, the mainstay
of our household. Had we depended wholly on my mother's
work, we should sometimes have fared miserably indeed. Nay,
he did more. Though a Justice of the Peace, he invited my
father every Sunday evening to the Manor House for spiritual
conversation, not only for his own profit, but knowing that
to expound was to my father the breath of his nostrils, so
that if he could not expound he must die. In person, Sir
Christopher was tall; after the fashion (which I love) of the
days when he was a young man he wore his own hair, which,
being now white and long, became his venerable face much
better than any wig—white, black, or brown. He was generally
dressed, as became his station of simple country gentleman, in
a plush coat with silver buttons, and for the most part he wore
boots, being of an active habit and always walking abont his
fields or in his gardens among his flowers and his fruit-trees.
He was so good a sportsman that with his rod, his gun, and
his hawk he provided his table with everything except beef,
mutton, and pork. In religion he inclined to Independency,
being above all things an upholder of private judgment ; in
politics, he denied the Divine right, and openly said that
a Challis might be a King as well as a Stuart; he abhorred
the Pope and all his works; and though he was now for
a Monarchy, he would have the King’s own power limited
by the Parliament. In his manners he was grave and
dignified; not austere, but one who loved a cheerful com¬
panion. He rode once a week, on market day, to Sherborne,
where he (lined with his brother Justices, hearing and dis¬
cussing the news, though news comes but slowly from London
to these parts—it was fourteen days after the landing of the
King in the year 1660 that the bells of Sherborne Minster rang
for that event. Sometimes a copy of the London Gaulle came
down by the Exeter coach, or some of the company had lately
passed a night where the coach stopped, and conversed with
travellers from London and heard the news. For the rest of
the week, his Honour was at home. For the most part he sat
in the hall. In the middle stands the great oak table where
all the household sit at meals together. There was little
difference between the dishes served above and those below
the salt, save that those above had each a glass of strong ale
or of wine after dinner and supper. One side of the hall was
hung with arras worked with representations of herbs, beasts,
and birds. On the other side was the great chimney, where
in the winter a noble fire was kept up all day long. On
either side of it hung fox skins, otter skins, polecat skins,
with fishing-rods, stags' heads, horns, and other trophies
of the chase. At the end was a screen covered with old coats
of mail, helmets, bucklers, lances, pikes, pistols, guns with
match-locks, and a trophy of swords arranged in form of a star.
Below the cornice hung a row of leathern jerkins, black and
dusty, which had formerly been worn in place of armour by
the "common sort. In the oriel window was a sloping desk,
having on one side the Bible and on the other Foxe's “ Book of
Martyrs.” Below was a shelf with other books, such as
Vincent Wing’s Almanack, King Charles’s “Golden Rules,”
“ Glanvilleon Apparitions,” the “Complete Justice,” and the
“ Book of Farriery.” There was also in the hall a great side¬
board, covered with Turkey work, pewter, brass, and fine
lineu. In the cupboard below was his Honour’s plate, reported
to be worth a great deal of money.
Sir Christopher sat in a high chair, curiously carved, with
arms and a triangular scat. It had belonged to the family for
many generations. Within reach of the chair was the tobacco-
jar, his pipe, and his favourite book—namely, “ The Gentle¬
man’s Academic : or the Book of St. Albans, being a Work on
Hunting, Hawking, and Armorie,” by Dame Juliana Berners,
who wrote it two hundred and fifty years ago. Sir Christopher
loved especially to read aloud that chapter ip which it is proved
that the distinction between gentleman and churl began soon
after the Creation, when Cain proved himself a churl, and
Seth was created Gentleman and Esquire or Armigerby Adam,
his father. This distinction was renewed after the Hood by
Noah himself, a gentloman by lineal descent from Seth. In
the case of his eons, Ham was the churl, and the other two
were the gentlemen. I have sjmetimes thought that, accord¬
ing to this author, all of us who are descended from Shem or
Jnphet should be gentlemen, in which case there would be no
churl in Great Britain at ail. But certainly there are manr;
so that, to my poor thinking, Dame Juliana Berners must bo
wrong.
There is, in addition to tho great hall, the best parlour.
But as this was never wanted, the door of it was never opened
except at cleaning time. Then, to be sure, one saw a room
furnished very grand, with chairs in Turkey work, and hung
round with fumily portraits. The men were clad in armour,
as if they bad all been soldiers or commanders ; the women
were mostly dressed as shepherdesses, with crooks in their
hands and flowing robes. In the garden was a long bowling
green, where in summer Sir Christopher took great pleasure in
that ancient game: below the garden was a broad fishpond,
made by damming the stream: above and below the pond
there were trout, and in the pond were carp and jack. A part of
the garden was laid out for flowers, a part for the still-room,
and a part for fruit. I have never seen anywhere a better
ordered garden for the still-room. Everything grew therein
that the housewife wants; sweet cicely, rosemary, bumet,
sweet basil, chives, dill, clary, angelica, lipwort, tarragon,
tlivme, and mint; there were, ns Lord Bacon, in his “ Essay on
Gardens,” would have, “ whole alleys of them to have the
pleasure when you walk or tread.” There were thick hedges
to keep off the east wind in spring, so that one would enjoy
the sun when that cold wind was blowing. But in Somerset
that wind hath not the bitterness that it possesses along the
eastern shores of the land.
Every morning Sir Christopher sat in his Justice’s chair
under the helmets and the coats of armour. Sometimes
gipsies would be brought before him, charged with stealing
poultry or poisoning pigs; or a rogue and vagabond would
stray into the parish ; these gentry were very speedily whipped
out of it. As for our own people, there is nowhere a more
quiet and orderly village; quarrels there are with the clothiers’
men, who will still try to beat down the value of the women’s
work, and bickerings sometimes between the women them¬
selves. Sir Christopher was judge for all. Truly he was a
patriarch like unto Abraham, and a father to his people.
Never was sick man suffered to want for medicines and
succour; never was aged man suffered to lack food and fire;
did any youth show leanings towards sloth, profligacy, or
drunkenness, he was straightway admonished, and that right
soundly, so that his back and shoulders would remind him for
many days of his sin. By evildoers Sir Christopher was feared
as much as he was beloved by all good men and true. This
also is proper to one in high station and authority.
In the evening he amused himself in playing backgammon
with the boys, or chess with his son-in-law, Mr. Boscorel: but
the latter with less pleasure, because he was generally defeated
in the game. He greatly delighted in the conversation and
society of that learned and ingenious gentleman, though on
matters of religion and of politics liis son-in-law belonged to
the opposite way of thinking.
I do not know why Mr. Boscorel took upon himself holy
orders. God forbid that I should speak ill of any in authority,
and especially of one who was kind and charitable to all, and
refused to become a persecutor of those who desired freedom of
conscience and of speech. But if the chief duty of a minister
of the gospel is to preach, then was Mr. Boscorel little better
than a dog who cannot bark. He did not preach ; that is
to say, he could not, like my father, mount the pulpit, Bible in
hand, and teach, admonish, argue, and convince without a
written word. He read every Sunday morning a brief dis¬
course, which might, perhaps, have instructed Oxford scholars,
but would not be understood by the common people. As for
arguments on religion, spiritual conversation, or personal
experience of grace, he would never suffer such talk in his
presence, because it argued private judgment and caused, he
said, the growth of spiritual pride. And of those hot Gospellers
whose zeal brings them to prison and the pillory, he spoke with
contempt. His conversation, I must acknowledge, was full of
delight and instruction, if the tilings which one learned of him
were not vanities. He had travelled in Italy and in France,
and he loved to talk of poetry, architecture, statuary, medals
and coins, antiquities and so forth—tilings harmless and,
perhaps, laudable in themselves, but for a preacher of the
gospel who ought to think of nothing but his sacred calling,
they are surely superfluities. Or he would talk of the manners
and customs of strange countries, and especially of the Pope.
This person, whom I have been taught to look upon as
from the very nature of his pretensions the most wicked
of living men, Mr. Boscorel regarded with as much toler¬
ation as he bestowed upon an Independent. Then he
would tell us of London ana the manners of the great; of the
King, whom he had seen, and the Court, seeming to wink at
things which one ought to hold in abhorrence. He even told
us of the playhouse, which, according to my father, is the most
subtle engine ever invented by the Devil for the destruction
of souls. Yet Mr. Boscorel sighed to think that he could no
longer visit that place of amusement. He loved also music,
and played movingly upon the violoncello; and he could make
pictures with pen," pencil, or brush. I have some of his
paintings still, especially a picture which he drew of
Humphrey playing the fiddle, hiB great eyes looking upwards
as if the music was drawing his soul to heaven. I know not
why he painted a halo about his face. Mr. Boscorel also loved
poetry, and quoted Slmkspeare and Ben Jonson more readily
than the Word of God.
In person he was of a goodly countenance, having clear-
cut features; a straight nose, rather long; soft eyes, and a
gentle voice. He was dainty in his apparel, loving fine clean
linen and laced neckerchiefs, but was not a gross feeder; he
drank but little wine, but would discourse upon fine wines,
such as the Tokay of Hungary, Commandery wine from Cyprus,
and the like, and he seemed better pleased to watch the colour
of the wine in the glass, and to breathe its perfume, than to
drink it. Above all things he hated coarse speech and rude
manners. He spoke of men as if he stood on an eminence
watching them, and always with pity, as if he belonged to a
nobler creation. How could such a man have such a son?
(To be continued.)
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WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The Irish Probate, granted at Dublin, of the will (dated
July 28, 1879), with two codicils (dated Dec. 5, 1879, and
June 23, 1881), of the Right Hon. Mary Dowager Baroness
Kilmaine, late of No. 10, Melbury-road, South Kensington,
who died on April 22 last, granted to the Hon. Arthur Henry
Browne, the son, the sole executor, was resealed in London on
June 27, the value of the personal estate in England and Ireland
being taken under a nominal sum. The testatrix makes various
dispositions of policies of insurance and moneys in settlement
in favour of members of her family ; and there are numerous
specific bequests. The residue of her property she gives to her
said son.
The will (dated Juno 12,1886) of Mr. William Henderson,
late of No. 12, Porehester-square, Bayswater, who died on
May 12 last, was proved on June 22 by John Paton Watson,
Mrs. Mary Mackenzie, the daughter, and William Henderson
Mackenzie, the grandson, three of the executors, the value of
the personal estate amounting to upwards of £454,000. The
testator bequeaths certain stocks, shares, and securities, of the
nominal value of £60,985, upon trust, for his said daughter,
Mrs. Mackenzie, for life, and then for her children ; certain
stocks, shares, and securities, of the nominal value of £19,800,
to his grandson Samuel Kenneth Mackenzie; certain stocks,
shares, and securities, of the nominal value of £20,000, to his
grandson, Douglas Mackenzie; certain stocks, shares, and
securities, of the nominal value of £30,000, to his three grand¬
daughters, Alice Mary Mackenzie, Mabel Paten Mackenzie, and
Christiana Jessie Mackenzie, in equal shares ; £ 1000 each to
his niece, Mrs. Helen Davidson Wallace, and his nephew,
Robert Mackenzie ; and £500 to his executor, Mr. Watson.
All his real estate and the residue of his personal estate he
gives to his said grandson William Henderson Mackenzie.
The will (dated March 28, 1878), with a codicil (dated
Jan. 6, 1886), of the Rev. Charles Fox Chawner, Rector of
Bletchingley, Surrey, who died on May 25 last, was proved on
July 3 by Mrs. Frances Sarah Chawner, the widow, Charles
Robert Rivington, and the Rev. John Hampton, the executors,
the value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of
£56,000. The testator bequeaths his plate to his wife, for life
or widowhood, and then to his son, Lawrence Chaloner ; his
jewellery to his wife, for life or widowhood, and then to his
daughters, Ethel Frances and Winifred Marion ; his furniture
and the rest of his effects and £200 to his wife ; £300 to his
granddaughter, Marion Charlotte Brooke Taylor; and £100
each to his executors, Mr. Rivington and Mr. Hampton. He
appoints to his said son certain reversionary property in settle¬
ment. The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves, as to
the income of four equal thirteenth parts thereof, to his wife,
for life or widowhood, and, subject thereto, for his children.
The will (dated Nov. 16, 1886) of Mr. Henry Charles
Jeffreys, formerly of No. 125, Piccadilly, and late of No. 12,
Park-lane, Hyde Park, who died on May 31 last, was proved
on June 30 by Edward William Jeffreys, the brother, one of
the executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to
over £54,000. The testator leaves all his real and personal
estate equally between his nine nephews and nieces—viz., the
two children of his brother Herbert Castleman Jeffreys, and
the seven children of his brother Edward William Jeffreys.
The will (dated Feb. 10, 1883) of Mr. Barnard Fowler, of
the firm of Messrs. John Fowler and Co., Steam-Plough
Works, Leeds, who died on July 6, 1883, was proved on
June 23 by Robert Henry Fowler, the nephew, and Robert
Fowler, the brother, the executors, the value of the personal
estate amounting to upwards of £46,000. The testator gives
all his real and personal estate to his brother Robert for his
own use and benefit.
The will (dated April 7, 1888) of Mr. Robert Clark, late of
Devizes, Wilts, who died on April 27 last, was proved on
June 21 by Miss Martha Clark, the daughter and sole executrix,
the value of the personal estate amounting to over £35,000.
The testator leaves all his real and personal estate to his
daughters, Martha and Ellen, equally.
The will (dated June 17, 1879), with four codicils (dated
Sept. 2, 1879 ; Aug. 30 and Sept. 15, 1880 ; and Aug. 18, 1883),
of Major Robert Carmichael-Smyth, formerly of the 93rd
Highlanders, and of No. 17, Norfolk-crescent, Bath, but late of
Frome, Somersetshire, who died ou May 13 last, was proved on
June 29 by Sir James Morse Carmichael, Bart., the great-
nephew, and Leonard Hopwood Hicks, the surviving executors,
the value of the personal estate in the United Kingdom exceed¬
ing £33,000. The testator bequeaths £500 to his wife, Mrs.
Dorothy Susan Carmichael-Smyth, who is otherwise amply
provided for ; £800 to Lady Louisa Charlotte, the widow of
his late nephew, Sir James Robert Carmichael; his furniture,
pictures, plate, papers, manuscripts, and effects to his said
grand-nephew. Sir James Morse Carmichael; and legacies to
his brother, nephews, nieces, and other relatives, and to old
friends and servants. The residue of his estate and effects he
leaves to his brother, nephews, nieces, and other relatives by
blood or marriage, to whom he has given legacies, in propor¬
tion to the amonnt of their legacies.
The will (dated April 26, 1888) of Mr. Charles Franklin,
late of No. 2, Eastern-terrace, Cambridge, who died on June 3,
was proved on June 22 by Arthur Franklin, the brother, and
Walter Newell Rook, the nephew, the executors, the value of
the personal estate amounting to over £24,000. The testator
bequeaths £6000 and the use of his household goods, for life,
to his wife; £500 each to his three brothers and his six sisters ;
and a few other legacies. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life, and then
equally to his nephews and nieces, share and share alike.
The will (dated Dec. 29, 1881) of the Venerable Joha
Hannah, D.C.L., Archdeacon of Lewes, who died on June 1, at
the Vicarage, Brighton, was proved on June 28 by the Rev.
John Julius Hannah, the son, the sole executor, the value of
the personal estate exceeding £7900. The testator leaves all
his real and personal estate to his said son.
Prince Christian has been unanimously elected president of
the Windsor and Eton Royal Infirmary, the office having been
in abeyance since the time of the Prince Consort.
The Duchess of Albany on July 5 laid the fonndation-stone
of the new school buildings to be erected in connection with
the church of St. Bartholomew the Great, West Smithfield.
Ou July 20 Mr. Clement Scott celebrates his “silver
wedding ” with the dramatic department of journalism,
having been continuously employed as a reviewer of plays
and a writer on dramatic subjects for twenty-five years, the
last sixteen of which have been spent in the service of the
Daily Telegraph. In order to commemorate this event, he
was on July 5 privately entertained at the Arts Club by the
representative managers of the London theatres. Mr. "
Toole was in the chair, as the senior London actor identified
with the career of the guest; and he was supported by Messrs.
Henry Irving, Augustus Harris, Wilson Barrett,
Thorne, Beerbohm Tree, Charles Wyndham, John Haic,
Edward Terry, Charles Hawtrey, Agostino and Stefano Gatti,
and U. D’Oyly Carte-
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, July 14, 1888.—41
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THE DEFEAT OF THE ARMADA IN 1588.
tLES N. ROBIN SOX.
N invasion of this country, the
actual landing of a foreign foe
upon these shores, might well
appear to the majority of the in¬
habitants of Great Britain to-day
an event so unlikely, so improbable,
as almost to pass belief. The me¬
mories of many glorious victories,
the extension of civilisation, a
happy exemption from the horrors
of war. and the enjoyment of long
years of peace and prosperity, have
together contributed to make the
mere notion of such a calamity overtaking us difficult
indeed for the present generation of Englishmen to realise.
Far otherwise was it with their ancestors towards the end
of the sixteenth century. Our countrymen of that great
epoch in Britain's history which is marked by the sovereignty
of Elizabeth Tudor, although they had not actually experi¬
enced the iron grasp of an enemy, had yet but a short while
been emancipated from a thraldom and tyranny not the less
galling that it was mainly of home manufacture. Proud
and jealous of their new - found civil and religious
liberties, prouder still of their growing strength upon land
and sea, and not unmindful of the destiny which seemed
in store for their descendants, the people of that period
had around them ample evidence of the facility with which
nations, stronger, more numerous, and, apparently, enjoying
far greater security than themselves, could pass under the
yoke of the conquerors of Mexico and Peru. So when, at
length, they knew that the vast strength and resources of the
most powerful and the richest Monarch in Europe, supported,
too, by the promises, the blessings, and the far-reaching
machinery of the Pontiff of Rome, were about to be exerted
to crush their country, they must have been less than English¬
men had they not sunk their discords and differences and stood
forth as one man against the common enemy. How they
equipped themselves to resist the danger, how they combatted
the forces sent against them, and how, under Providence, they
saved this land and, indirectly, all Northern Europe, from
bondage, preserved their faith and liberties, both spiritual and
temporal, and handed down, untarnished and unsullied, the
honour and prestige of the nation, forms a story the recital of
which cannot fail to stir even the coldest and most apathetic
amongst us. To the happy termination of this momentous
crisis in our history, the Commercial and Colonial Empire of
which we are so justly proud mainly owes its being. And
surely the wise statesmanship, glorious patriotism, indomitable
valour, and stubborn courage of our forefathers are well
worthy of grateful and reverent commemoration on this the
300th anniversary of the memorable events which called them
forth.
With the canses which led to the setting forth of Spain's
hostile demonstration, it is not our intention to deal at length.
It is, however, a mistake to suppose that religious animosity
or sectarian motives were chiefly, or even directly, connected
with its inception. No stronger grounds for an appeal to
arms could have been needed than the recognition and support
given by Elizabeth to the deeds of Hawkins, Drake, and other
seamen, who, from the Spanish point of view, were pirates
and smugglers, fit only for the hands of the hangman or the
inquisitor. The conquest of England was considered a just and
desirable enterprise—and copiouB testimony exists that long
prior to the actual attempt preparations were being made to
assail and overwhelm the island and ‘"its brood of vipers.”
The Spanish preparations were most complete. The total
number of craft of all kinds composing the Armada was, pro¬
bably, 130; but a few of these never crossed the Bay. At
least sixty were galleons of huge size and strength, ranging
from 700 Up to 1250 tons burden. They were not, however,
primarily built for war-purposes, and the proportion of guns
they carried was, as compared with their size, not large. But
being intended for long voyages, their upper works were high
out of the water, and their main timbers 3 ft. or 4 ft. thick.
One hundred years before, the Portuguese galleons under Diaz
had doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and, with the conquest of
Portugal, some of the finest ships in the world passed into the
Spanish King's hands. It was the Portuguese galleons that
formed the van-squadron of the Armada ; the largest of them
mounting, perhaps, fifty guns, and many of these of small
calibre. In the case of the hired ships, except the heaviest
Levantine galleons, the proportion of guns to tonnage was still
smaller. Usually sailing in smooth water they did not carry
numerous crews, but now they were crammed with soldiers to
an inconvenient degree. Of the second class of ships, called
galliasses, there were four in the fleet. These were proper
war-ships, and certainly did their share of the fighting. Like
the galleons, they were three-masted vessels, but were also
propelled by oars, to pull which they carried a large number
of galley-slaves. J'heir prows and sterns were furnished with
heavy cannon in high castles, and they carried smaller cannon
on the broadside, in ports between the rowers. The two larger
each carried nearly 300 soldiers, and over 100 sailors, with 350
slaves to row. There were also galleys with one or more tiers
of oars a-side, many merchant and store-ships, caravels, and
ureas.
The 'personnel of this flotilla consisted of over 30,000
persons, including 18,000 soldiers, 8000 sailors, 2000 galley-
slaves, and a numerous hospital staff, assisted by 180 priests
of various Orders. The armament was of 2000 guns ; a few may
have been 04 or 32 pounders (cannon or demi-cannon"), but
by far the greater number were 10. 0, or 4 pounders (demi-
culverins, sakers, and minions). The whole force was vic¬
tualled for six months, a large sum of money wns taken
in the fleet, and the orders for preserving discipline were
BY CHAP
PHILIP II., KING OF SPAIN.
QUEEN ELIZABETH.
r
*V>NDON NEWS, Jom 14, 1888.—43
‘H X OF THE SPANISH ARMADA, 158 8.
44
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 14, 1888
unusually strict. In the vicinity of Nieuport and Dunkirk,
Farnese, the Prince of Parma, had assembled an army of
30,000 foot and 4000 horse, picked troops, ready to be em¬
barked in scores of flat-bottomed boats and transports, and
conveyed across to Margate and Deal so soon as the English
and Dntch ships should have been swept from the narrow seas
before the imposing array of the “ Invincible ” Armada.
Of the officers in charge of these vast and apparently over¬
whelming expeditions, Santa Crnz had seen more service than
any naval commander out of England; while Parma was
reckoned the first military leader of the time. But Parma
never set foot on English soil and Santa Cruz died in February,
before the Armada was quite prepared for starting j the Duke
of Medina Sidonia, his successor, had little to recommend him
for the post, save blue blood and personal courage. He had,
however, some exceptionally able seamen and commanders as
his advisers. Don Juan Martinez De Recalde, Vice-Admiral
and Capitan of the Biscayan Armada, was both, and proved it
during the whole of the unlucky ernise. He was fortunate,
like his chief, in being able to return; but he died shortly
after he landed. Don Diego Flores De Valdes, General of the
Fleet of Castile, had already served with distinction afloat.
He it was who recommended the burning of the English fleet at
Plymouth; and he it was, also, who lost heart altogether after
the great fight off Gravelines. Don Pedro De Valdes, Admiral
of the Andalusian Armada, had commanded a fleet in northern
waters, and it was hoped that his local knowledge would
prove valuable; but his ship, Nuestra Sefiora del Rosario
(commonly called the Capitana), was the first to be captured
and himself taken prisoner. Other commanders of whose ex¬
ploits we hear are Don Miguel De Oquendo, a dashing and
chivalrous officer, in opposition to whose advice the retreat by
the North Sea was made ; Don Martin De Bcrtendona, whose
flag-shin, the Ragazona, was always in the thickest of the
fighting (he commanded the squadron of hired galleons, among
them some of the finest ships in the Armada) ; and Don Hugo
De Moncada. who had charge of the four galliasses, and who
lost his life when his ship was taken off Calais. In command
of the land-forces embarked was Don Alonzo Da Leyva, flying
his standard in the Rata Coronada, a veteran General who as
a youth had crossed sabres with the Moors, and had since seen
service in many a land and sea battle. To his charge, we are
told, were committed most of the high-born youth of Spain
who sailed in the expedition. This gallant old soldier, after
being thrice wrecked, was eventually drowned, with most of
his companions, on the coast of Ireland.
In England a commission had been convened of noblemen
and gentlemen, as well as the most experienced naval and
military officers, “ to sett doune such meanes as are fittest to
putt the fforces of the Realme in order to withstand any In¬
vasion.” It is worthy of note that, in the opinion of the
experts of those days, the only sure means of preventing
invasion was in the maintenance of an invincible navy. At
the same time precautions were to be taken on shore, in case
the enemy should land at Milford, Plymouth, Portland, the
Wight, Portsmouth, the Thames, or Harwich. Militia and
volunteers in great numbers were embodied, and commenced
training in the nse of arms ; camps were laid out and fortified;
while oil every high place beacons and bonfires were prepared
for lighting to give information of the advent of the foe and
summon the defenders of the State. These preparations were
confined to no single part of the country or to any particular
class or creed. Many places, like the City of London, came
forward to do their duty by assisting, not only with land but with
sea forces—raising loans, finding ships and men, victualling
and arming them. Everywhere there was but one desiro
apparent; and Protestants and Catholics, the classes and the
masses, vied with each other in displaying one mind—to take
np arms and, if need be, to lay down their lives in the defence
of their rights and privileges against the threatened tyranny
of .Spanish rule.
To give them their due, there were many among the
gallant seamen and soldiers of the time who neither feared
nor underestimated the Spanish power. While the patriotic
spirit which was aroused is well exemplified by the conduct of
the pirate who is said to have walked into the hands of justice
that he might give timely notice of the coming of the hostile
fleet, at the same time the remark, which Sir Francis Drake is
reported to have made when interrupted in his game of bowls on
Plymouth Hoe, “ There's time to win the game and thrash the
Spaniards too,” is an instance of the contemptuous feeling in
which the invaders were held by those best acquainted with them.
The bold merchant adventurers, buccaneers, or smugglers—
call them what you will—who had fought and thrashed the
Don afloat and ashore—not without getting hard knocks in
return—saw in the huge armament then entering English waters,
if not fresh opportunities for plunder and prize-money, at least
a great chance to pay off old scores. They reckoned the slow,
ponderous, badly-armed and overcrowded galleons at their real
value, and never doubted for an instant the outcome of the
maritime fray, so long as they could get a sufficient supply of
stores and ammunition from the authorities.
The total number of ships in the Navie Royal was thirty,
big and little—the four largest being the Triumph, Elizabeth.
White Bear, and Victory, all built from the designs of Sir
John Hawkins, Treasurer of the Navy—seaman, shipbuilder,
and navigator. A man, indeed, to whose fertility of resource
and skill, as much as to the capacity of any other man of
the time, must be attributed the victory which followed.
Then, as for long afterward, there was no peace south of the
Line, and every merchantman was forced to go about its
business armed, while it was customary to call upon the
seaports for their ships in war-time. So the numbers of the
fleet were soon increased. Altogether, the English fleet con¬
sisted of 197 vessels, many of which were mere pinnaces and
coasting craft. The force embarked was about 13,000 men;
bnt the proportion of seamen to soldiers in each ship was much
greater than in the invading force. Holland also sent a con¬
tingent of ships, under Justin of Nassau. These Dutch ships
do not appear to have met with the vessels of the Armada,
but they effectually did their work on the Netherland coast.
The English flag-ship was the Ark Royal, a vessel of 800-
tons burden, carrying 425 men and an armament of which
the following summary is probably correct:—4 cannon (00-
pounders), 4 demi-cannon (32-pounders), 12 cnlverins (18-
pounders), 6 sakers (6-pounders), and some smaller ordnance.
These last-named were styled port-pieces and fowler-halls,
small guns made in two parts, the chambers being ready-charged,
and placed in the piece when needed. The largest guns were
usually mounted as chase-pieces, in the stern; demi-cannon
and cnlverins in the broadside ports, which were frequently
circular in shape. Sakers, minions (4-pounders), or falcons
(2-pounders) were mounted on the quarter and forecastles, on
blocks of wood or as swivel pieces ; while the smallest ordnance,
sometimes called “ murdering pieces,” were placed on barri¬
cades inboard for nse against boarders. From the tops also
were used “ fyrevorkes," of which the Spaniards were reported
to stand in great dread.
The ships were gaily ornamented with carvings on their
woodwork, their sternposts and figureheads being often Works
of art, beautifully carved, moulded, painted, and gilded. Then,
too, there were the great poop lanthorns, and from every con¬
ceivable point aloft hung the banners and “ ancients ” of the
leaders and the national emblems. The length of these banners
and pennons may be judged by that one which, in memory of
this very event, was “ set np in the great chnrch of Leyden in
Holland, and being fastened to the very roofe, it reached down
to the ground.” Some curious information about the cost of
these flags is extant—as, for example, we read that Henry
Holesworth, of London, May 21, 1588, supplied fourteen flags
of St. George of “fine beaupres” for the use of her Majesty’s
ships and pinnaces at Chatham, one at £4, eleven at £3, and
two at 20s. the flag. John Heath, of London, also supplied
two ensigns of silk, one for H.M.S. Rainbow at £5 6s. 8d., and
another for the galley Bonavolia at £8 6s. 8d. William
Byford, of London, also provided forty-six streamers or pennants
for the use of the Ark Royal, the Victory, the Mary Rose, and
the Swallow at 20 pence apiece. Again, Lewis Lidyard, of
London, had for 102 yards of calico, used for making two
flags, stained in colours with her Majesty's arms, “ to be worn
at sea in the ship the Lord Admiral sailed in,” at 9d. every
yard, £3 16s. 6d.; and moreover for staining the said flags and
bringing them from London to Queenborough, by Chatham,
£6 16s. 8d.; total, £11 2s. 2d. The manning of the ships,
whether of the navy or of hired or volunteer merchantmen,
was most imperfect; pay was generally in arrears i and, sani¬
tary arrangements being totally wanting, disease and Bickness
were rife.
The most illustrious and notable of the English sea-officers
was Lord Charles Howard of Effingham, Lord Admiral, as
his father had been before him, a man of considerable
experience at sea at the time of the threatened invasion.
To his caution, coolness, judgment, and, in particular, his
ability as a naval tactician, the victory in 1588 was in no
small degree due. To understand the difficulties with which
he had to contend, his correspondence must be read. The constant
burden of it is, that while he had the ships and the men—the
• latter as good as any in the world, and ready to spend their
lives in her Majesty's service—money, stores, ammunition,
and provisions were all lacking. And so it went on to the end
of the campaign. So far as concerned a constant attention to
the details of his office, a zealous care for his men, and a courteous
consideration for the advice of his counsellors (some of whom
were more noted for temper than tact), the Admiral did "wisely;
and when the moment arrived to try conclusions with the
enemy, he proved himself amply endowed with true courage
and valour. The four men whom Lord Howard chose as his
advisers, and of whom he writes—“the worlde dothe jndge
to be men of the greatest experience that the realme hathe.”
were Sir Francis Drake. Captains John Hawkins, Martin
Frobisher, and Thomas Fenner. Of these four, Sir Francis
Drake has by some writers been made the central figure of
the defeat of the Armada. His chief exploit was the taking
of Our Lady of the Rosary, the Capitana of Pedro de Valdes.
Drake’s conduct on the Hoe at Plymouth, if the story is
true, was hardly that of a zealous subordinate, wishful to
give a good example to the men under him. Disobedience is
generally charged to him also in the matter of carrying a
light on the night of the fight off the Start. His conduct
in the action off Gravelines was that of an impetuous, brave,
and daring officer, and he was indisputably a capital seaman
and an intrepid commander: but he appears, possibly from
old associations, to have allowed his lust for dollars to
detract from the duty he owed to his chief and his country.
Captain John Hawkins came of a seafaring family. He was
a Devonshire man, while Drake, also, was a native of Tavistock,
and Frobisher hailed from the county of York ; but all sections
of the country may fairly claim to be represented among the sea-
commanders on this eventful occasion. Hawkins’s father was
a famous shipbuilder of Plymouth, and well known as an
expert navigator in the time of Henry VIII. Hawkins's son,
too, Richard, who commanded the Swallow against the
Armada, was noted as an able seaman; and, in his “ Obser¬
vations” has given us a most valuable record of the
manners and customs of the Elizabethan sailors. Under
Captain John Hawkins, Drake was trained ; and many of the
best sailors and navigators of the time had been in the fore¬
castle or officers with him.
Among the first and foremost of the distinguished seamen
of his day was Martin Frobisher. His indomitable bravery
and bulldog conrage in the fight off Portland was rightly
recognised by the honour of knighthood conferred on the
following day. Frobisher’s true claims to the gratitude of all
Englishmen have lately received attention at the hands of the
Rev. Frank Jones, whose valuable and interesting account of
the life of this gallant seaman and discoverer deserves to be
widely known and read. Of the brothers Fenner, Thomas,
Edward, and William, who, respectively, commanded the
Nonpareil, Swiftrure, and Aid, little has been written and but
little appears to be known. All these brothers did good and
gallant work ; and Thomas appears, from a letter of his which
still exists, to have chased the flying Spaniards farther north
than most of his brother commanders.
Lord Henry Seymour carried out his work with praise¬
worthy assiduity: particularly gallantly did he fight on
the day of the battle off Gravelines.. Sir W. IVynter, his
Vice-Admiral, an old and able officer, did excellent work the
same day. He was Master of the Ordnance, and, nearly thirty
years before, had seen service in command of a squadron
againBt the French in the Firth of Forth. He came of an old
and distinguished Gloucestershire family; and Captain
Wintour, of Ryde—the proper spelling of the family name—is
associated with Major Martin Frobisher, Mr. Stuart Hawkins,
and Dr. H. H. Drake, among the
, ,-T j committee for the Tercentenary
‘ Celebration.
It will be interesting before
narrating the incidents of the sea-
fight, to draw a comparison between
these two forces — the Spanish
and the English fleets. It is very
generally believed that, in every
fejj
OLD ANCHOR IN WHITEHALL YARD, BELONGING TO A
SHIP OF THE SPANISH ARMADA.
respect, the Spaniards were superior; but this is now
known to be an erroneous idea altogether. In numbers,
owing to the division of the English squadrons, the
Armada was superior; and, coming down to the distinctly
fighting - ships, the totals, as given by Professor Laughton,
were of Spaniards, 62; of English, 49. But in man-
tcuvring power, and in weight of metal, the advantage
is shown to have been quite the other way. Charnock lays
great stress on the superior handiness and speed of the English
6hips, and Laughton, who has probably given more study to
the subject than anyone else, appears to have conclusively
proved that in the matter of armament the Spaniards were
also overmatched. Nor were these the only advantages
possessed by the English, which, while they do not detract
from the remarkable prowess and skill of the English
commanders, bear ont the naval historian’s contention that
no miracle or special intervention of Providence was reqnired to
insure victory to the English arms. Our seamen were the most
skilful and dexterous in the world. They were rough-weather
men, used to hard ships, and living great part of their time with
JULY 14, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
45
SPANIARDS DISLODGED BY THE
Prom Pino’s Plates of Old Tapestry Hangings i
ENGLISH FIRE-SHIPS,
l the House of Lords.
their lives in their hands. They knew their officers and were
known to them. Each was proud of the other, and a comradeship
existed between the quarter-deck and the forecastle, entirely
unknown in the Spanish service. Then they not only knew
their officers, blit they knew their ships, and how to handle
them in all weathers and under most circumstances. As Sir
Walter Raleigh and Sir William Monson tell ns, they had
introduced many improvements in rig-, which the Spaniards,
who were principally “ trade wind ” sailors, had no knowledge
of. The science of gunnery at this time was almost unknown,
and archery formed a branch of it; but the Englishmen had
made it a study, while the Spaniards despised it, regarding the
8word as the more noble weapon. To this feeling and to the
number of soldiers carried in the huge castles of their galleons
may be ascribed their constant attempts to board. Altogether
we shall not be going beyond the mark in saying that, so far
as the seaman’s skill and the gunner's art are concerned, the
Spaniards were utterly and entirely beneath comparison. At
tbe same time, it must not be forgotten that during the first
week’s fighting, the numerical superiority of the Spanish to
their assailants was something like six to one.
May 29-30, 1588, “La Felicissima Armada” sailed from the
Tagus. With great pomp and circumstance the mighty fleet
left, in charge of the Duke of Medina Sidonia, and could it
have then and there proceeded direct to these shores history
might have had a different tale to relate. But, in those days,
Bailors had to reckon with the wind and the weather, and
these proved so tempestuous that the squadrons of galleons
and store-ships soon separated, and it became impossible to
proceed. Some were dismasted, one or two totally lost in the
Bay, and though a few of the ships are said to have gone on
and sighted the Scillies, all of them had eventually to put
back and seek shelter in the G-royne. The damage done, the
time lost in getting the ships together again and revictnalling
them, with other matters, were made reasons by a council of
war at Corunna for urging a postponement of the expedition.
Philip, however, was inexorable, and ordered immediate de¬
parture. And now a story reached Sidonia to the effect that
Howard had laid up his ships for the season; it was, therefore,
determined to stand boldly for Plymouth, and, if possible,
surprise and burn the English fleet, and perhaps effect a landing.
J uly 12-22, a Friday, the Armada sailed with a fair breeze from
Corunna. After a nasty passage, baffled by contrary winds and
calm9, and scarcely propitious of success, on Friday, July 19-29,
they entered the Channel and sighted the Lizard, which they took
to be Itame Head ; so they stood off for the night. They had,
however, been seen by Flemming and other scouts of Howard's,
and tbe news was brought, as the story goes, to the Captains
while they were playing at bowls on the Hoe. It is this
scene which Lucas has depicted in oils and Kingsley has
described in “ Westward Ho! ” The latter narrative, in¬
imitable as it is, tempts us bo believe that matters may have
fallen out as he sets them forth ; but it seems more likely
that the story had its origin in a desire on the part of some
contemporary writer to emphasise figuratively the unreadi¬
ness of the English when the Spaniards made their appearance.
Stirring as that moment must have been to the inhabitants
of Plymouth, the excitement with which the news was
received throughout the length and breadth of England was
even greater. From Land's-End to Cumberland the beacon
fires blazed from hill-top and castle - battlements, the
general call to arms sounded, and the troops marched
to their allotted stations for the defence of the coast.
“Myselfe can xemember,” writes an eye-witness, “when
upon the fyreing of the beacons (whereby an alarum
was given), the country-people forthwith ranne doune to the
seaside, some with clubs, some with picked stones and pitch-
forkes, all unarmed, and they that were best appoynted were
but with a bill, a bow and a sheafe of arrows ; no captains or
commander appoynted to direct, lead, or order them.” The
greatest enthusiasm was aroused, and everyone hurried to take
his part in the defence of the country. Short work, probably,
the veterans of Parma and Leyva would have made of these
unarmed, undisciplined mobs; but their ardour was indubit¬
able, and the feeling of the countryside has been eloquently
expressed by Macaulay—
Night sank upon tho dusky beach, and on the purple sea,
Snch night in England ne'er had been, nor e'er again shall be.
From Eddyslone to Berwick bounds, from Lyme to Milford Boy,
That Unto of slumber was ns bright and busy as the day ;
For swift to east and swift to west the ghastly war-flame spread,
High on St. Michael's Mount it shone—It shone on Beachy Head.
rnr on the deep the Spaniard saw, along each southern shire.
Cape beyond cape, In endless range, those twinkling points of Are.
In the Cattewater, then the principal harbour of Plymouth
port, the excitement and agitation all through that night was
feverish indeed. The ships had to be warped out and got over
to the sheltered anchorages under Mount Edgecumbe, ready to
sail at daylight. Cawsand Bay was protected from the pre¬
vailing wind, and in this bight many of the vessels lay all
night. These, however, were but a small proportion, for Beveral
of the galleons had been partially dismantled for refitting,
stores were ashore, and men on liberty. So, amid much bustle
and noise, the ships were got to sea, some of them consider¬
ably undermanned, for the sickness was terrible among the
crews.
On Saturday morning Howard, having with him as many
snips as were ready, stood away to the westward, hugging the
coast, and found the enemy off Fowey, standing np Channel
with a fair wind from the southward and westward. We
may suppose that the Dons were somewhat disconcerted to
find that they had been unable to bake the English fleet at a
disadvantage, which if they had only stood straight on the
night before they certainly would have done. As it was,
Medina Sidonia, in the drizzling rain which fell throughout
the day, sent a boat towards the land to make inquiries, and
from some captured fishermen learnt his position, and that
the ships he saw looming in the mist were part of the English
fleet under the Lord Admiral. Meanwhile, Howard, seeing
that the Spaniards were rapidly conceding to him that which
he so ardently desired—the weather-gauge—troubled not to
interfere ; but, keeping a wide berth, hugged the land and
watched the enemy.
Sunday, July 21, was a typical English summer’s day. The
sun shone out, lighting up all the glory and the gilding of the
castellated structures which came on slowly over the waves,
brightening up the emblazonments of their sails, and making a
big display of their many-coloured flags and pennons. It was an
imposing spectacle, and, at this moment, many of the Spaniards
might have thought themselves invincible; before evening they
were to be farther enlightened. At early morning the wind
drew round to the W.N.W., a still more favourable quarter for
the defending fleet, and Howard now opened the ball with a
warning shot from one of his pinnaces to demand the honour
due to the English flag. Naturally Sidonia paid no attention
to this, and it was immediately followed by a general cannonade
discharged by our fleet as they formed in line of battle. With
their starboard tacks aboard they stood past the Spanish line,
each ship pouring in a broadside as it neared an enemy.
In the light breeze prevailing the English vessels probably went
two knots to tbe Spaniard’s one, and having given the van ships
a taste of their metal, concentrated their efforts on the rear
division, under Juan Martinez de Recalde. The sight of the
“ Invincible ” Armada had not had that terrible effect which
its godfathers promised themselves. Tbe light and nimble
English ships sailed to and fro, pouring in their shot with good
effect, while the unwieldy galleons of the Armacja hauled up to
deliver their fire or ran before the wind, if such an operation
can he called running which was of necessity very slow. Off
Plymouth, where most of the vessels left behind now joined
the Lord Admiral, several very smart actions occurred.
Howard, in the Ark Royal, gallantly bore down on the
Rata, a vessel of nearly a thousand tons, flying the banner of
Alonzo Da Leyva, which the Admiral probably mistook for
Sidonia’s. Personally directing the operation from his quarter¬
deck, Howard took his flag-ship into action. Sheering almost
alongside of the mighty galleon,
the English gunners poured a
hailstorm of cannon-balls on the
decks of the enemy, dealing havoc
in the crowded ranks of the
Spanish soldiers. Then, spring¬
ing his luff, the Admiral stood
under the stern of his antagonist,
raking him fore and aft, fetching
the gilding off his quarter badges
and sending his spars rattling
about his ears. The jevnesse of
Spain’s bluest blood had thus an
early opportunity of receiving
their baptism of fire, and remark¬
ably hot they found it. The
flag-3hip of De Valdes and the
Capitana of the Biscayan squad¬
ron were in their turn attacked
by the Triumph and the Victory,
and the superior gunnery of
the English told at once. De
Recalde had shortened sail to
await the English attack; he
got terribly mauled, > every
English shot telling in his hull
or rigging, whilst those from
the Spaniards either flew high or
wide of their mark. But the
Dons were not given to leaving a
commander in the lurch, and to
his help came the ship of his
vice-admiral, the San Mateo of
Don Diego of Pimentel, and the
San Juan of the division of San
Flores, commanded by Don Diego
Enriquez, a son of the Viceroy of
the Indies. Now, too, Sidonia
furled his sails and lay a-hull,
to induce the English to close,
and Lord Howard, who intended
nothing of the kind, summoned
his ships together that he might
hold a council of war.
It was arranged at this council
that Drake, in the Revenge, should
act as the leader of the English
van-squadron daring the night,
keeping touch with the rearguard
of the Spaniards, while the main
body, under Howard, should follow
his lantern, and Captain Hawkins bring up the rear. Drake,
however, either omitted to hang out his light, or, as appears
more probable, seeing a chance for prize-money in what he
supposed to be a few stragglers from the enemy drifting
towards the French coast, “doused his glim” and stood
after the possible plunder. The result of this dereliction of
duty—which Drake seems to have been quite capable of con¬
ceiving and carrying out—was very nearly disastrous. The
English ships stood on after the only light they saw, and,
hugging it, found when day broke that the lantern was that
of the San Martino, and not in the Revenge at all. Some of
them were perilously near the Spanish fleet. The Ark Royal,
the Bear, and the Rose were within culverin-shot of the enemy,
while many of their consorts were hull down astern. The
Spaniards, however, had not the promptitude to take advantage
of the mistake thus made; and Howard, seeing the situation,
hung out a signal to rejoin the flag, and, meantime, shortened
sail to allow his scattered ships to close up.
The Doub had not passed an altogether happy Sunday night.
During the fight, the Santa Catalina had been almost disabled,
and towards evening she fell foul qf the flag-ship of her division,
Nuestra Seiiora del Rosario, and smashed the bowsprit of this
vessel. Then, when a little later, Sidonia made sail, and ordered
the fleet to tack, the Nuestra Senora’s foremast went over tbe
side, bringing down the mainyard with it and completely inca¬
pacitating her. Several attempts were made to take her in
tow, but the wind and sea were too boisterous, and ultimately
Sidonia found that he must leave her behind, with another
disabled galleon, and several of the tenders or “pataches”
under Don Agustin de Ojeda, to render such assistance as they
were able. The other disabled ship was Oquendo’s flag-ship,
which had been partially blown up by an explosion of her
powder magazine. The upper deck and stern-castle went over¬
board, and many of her crew perished. Hawkins put a prize
crew on board, and this vessel was sent into Weymouth;
curiously enough, in charge of the very Captain Flemming who
some writers would have U3 believe was a pirate.
One of the first affairs on Monday morning was an engage¬
ment between the disabled Nuestra Senora del Rosario (or, as
she is more generally called, the Capitana) and the Ark Royal;
but Howard, after pouring in a broadside and driving off Don
Ojeda and his pataches, passed dn, seeking more worthy prey
than a crippled ship. Frobisher, in the Triumph, next tackled
her, and some merchant-ships, amongst them the Margaret
and John of London ; but Frobisher passed by, in accordance
with the flag-ship’s signal, and there was too much fight left
in the wounded Don for the merchantmen to take her by them¬
selves. About this time Drake came along, disgusted, we
may conclude, with the result of his night’B work ; for his
supposed prey had turned out to be Flemish merchant-ships,
who had got among the Spaniards by mistake. The disabled
galleon was too tempting a prize for the buccaneer leanings
of the circumnavigator, and learning who his new assailant
was, the Don quickly capitulated, and Our Lady of the
Rosary was sent into Torbay. Treasure to the amount of
55,000 ducats, and a great quantity of gunpowder, were found
in her ; the latter was transshipped to the Roebuck, which
had towed the prize into port, and dispatched for the use of
the fleet. As for Pedro De Valdes, Drake took him on board
the Revenge, perhaps thinking that the Don’s ransom would
help to line his pockets.
In consequence of the separation of the ships during the
night by the Vice-Admiral’s act, Monday was mainly spent by
Howard in collecting his squadron and rearranging plans.
Sidonia’s feelings at this time must have been somewhat
less hopeful: the fight of Sunday had been little more than
a skirmish, yet two of his flag-ships were in the hands of
the despised English, while considerable damage had been done
to other of his vessels, and many dollars transferred from one
side to the other. Recalde’s flag-ship was no longer fit to act
as chief of the rearguard, and Da Leyva, in the Rata, was now
detailed for the duty with two divisions instead of one,
including the galliasses, and, amongst the galleons, the San
Mateo, the San Luis, the Santiago, and the Florence—all com¬
manded by brave officers of the Admiral’s own squadron.
Tuesday morning, off Portland Bill, the wind had got
round to the north and north-east, giving Sidonia the weather-
gauge, and an opportunity of offering or refusing battle, as he
pleased. Some of the leeward ships of the English were offering
what he considered a good opportunity for carrying out hip
tactics of boarding: be dispatched the rearguard, and especially
WOCr'-***:
MW-Jf
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Ji
TERCENTENARY OF THE DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA, 1588.
THE ARMADA COMING UP THE ENGLISH CHANNEL.
THE ALARM : LIGHTING THE BEACONS.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Jcur 14, 1888 — 47
TERCENTENARY OP THE DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA, 1588.
LORD HOWARD OF EFFINGHAM, ADMIRAL OF THE ENGLISH FLEET. sir JOHN HAWKINS.
the gall losses, to attack them. The English ships were those
of Frobisher, Lord Thomas Howard, and others of the van. A
smart assault was made upon them, the Spaniards using their
oars in an endeavour to get near enough to board. Hut
the seamanship and gunnery of the men in the Triumph
and the Lyon was too good ; they manoeuvred their ships
with wonderful smartness, and poured in their fire with such
capital direction as to sweep the galley-slaves from their
benches and so prevent the galliasses attaining their object.
Had it not been for the handiness of the English craft, the
Dons would undoubtedly have succeeded in their purpose. On
both sides great valour was exhibited ; but tbe Spanish firing
was slow, their aim bad, and their small guns and light arms
did nothing like the damage of the heavier English cannon.
The wind veering round to the southward, Sidonia himself
was able to take part in the fight, and more English ships
joined in the combat. Round the big Triumph the battle
waged with varying success all the day, as the Spaniards,
who imagined they wero going to make a prisoner of the
gallant Arctic explorer, found they had caught a Tartar
instead. Frobisher was, indeed, the hero of this day's
fight. Then, when Sidonia had called on his reserves, bat
without altering the aspect of the fight—and the wind
now made it a necessity for him to continue his course
up Channel — the merchantmen, the London ships, the
privateers and smugglers came out of every port in every sort
of craft that would take the sea and carry a weapon ; and
from every nook and harbour the seafaring population gathered
to prey on the discomfited foe. Truly, as Howard said, he was
plucking their feathers one by one!
Wednesday it was calm ; both fleets drifting up Channel
about six miles apart, the Spaniards careening their ships to
stop the shot-holes; and Howard sending urgent requisitions
to the shore for more powder and projectiles.
When day dawned on Thursday, it was still almost calm,
with light cat spa ws stealing over the surface of the water from
the direction of the Isle of Wight. Two of the Spanish galleons
were astern of the main squadron. These were the Santa
Anna, a store-ship, and a Portuguese galleon. Hawkins boldly
attempted to out them off, and, after some fighting, seems to
have forced them to strike; but Da Leyva and Don Enriques
coming with the galliasses to their assistance, the Devonshire
man was himself hard pressed. The Santa Anna, however, was
so badly damaged that, as soon as she got out of the melee,
her captain, Juan Saurez, took her over to the French coast,
and there ran her ashore. Tbe Ark and Lyon now towed down
to the scone o[ action, and seei ng that Sidonia's ship was
somewhat separated from the rest, Howard, supported by
Southwell, Sheffield, and others, made an attack upon her.
The battle waxed hot, and the galleonB and galliasses were
fain to come to the rescue of their chief, when, as usual, the
English played their tactics of drawing off and hammering at
a distance. The Ark, however, appears to have been somewhat
damaged in collision with a galleon which unshipped her rudder;
anyway, she became separated from her friends, and. says a
Spanish spectator, “our flag-ship made for her, with most of
the ships of the Armada. The enemy's fleet stood to windward,
TIIE LORD ADMIRAL KNIGHTING TIIK VICTORIOUS CAPTAINS ON BOARD THE ARK ROYAL
48
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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Monday, July 10 10 5 a.m.
Tuesday. „ 17 1015 „
Wednesday, „ 18 11 30 „
Thursday, „ 19 1 0 p.m.
Friday, „ 30 10 5 a.m.
Saturday, „ 21 11 5 ,.
FIXED SERVICE.-Leaving Victoria 7.50 p.m.,and Loudon
Bridge x.0 p.m. every Week-day nnd Sunday.
FARES--London to Paris and Imck-lst Class, 2nd Class.
Available for Return within one month .. £2 17*. . £2 Is.
Third Class Return Tickets (by the Night Service). 32*.
A spacious and commodious Station lias been constructed
on the new East Quay at Newbaven, wherein passengers will
find every possiblo convenience and comfort.
The Normandy, Brittany, nnd Rouen, splendid fast paddlc-
stearners, accomplish tho jnssage between Newhaven and
Dieppe frequently in about 3j hours.
Trains run alongside Steamers at Newhaven and Dieppe. .
A Pullman Drawing-Room Car will be run in the Special
Day Tidal Train each way lietwcen Victoria and Newhaven.
JT'OR full particulars, see Time-Book, Tourist
I Programme, and Handbills, to be obtained at Victoria,
London Bridge, or any other Station, and at the following
Brunch Office*, tvlicro Tickets may also bo obtained Wc*L
End General omcc,2s. Regent-circus. Piccadilly, and h, Grind
Hotel Buildings, Trafalgar-square; Hay’s Agency, CornhilI;
I and Cook s Lmlgai c-circus Office.
I By Order) A. S.vui.K, Secretary and General Manager.
G reat eastern railway.
SEASIDE.
An ACCELERATED and IMPROVED SERVICE of FAST
TRAINS is now running |o Yarmouth, Lowestoft, Clacton-
ou-Sca. Walren-on-Nazc^ Harwich. Dnycrcomt, Aide burgh,
TOURIST.' FORTNIGHTLY,nnd FRIDAY or SATURDAY
/CHILDREN OF GIBEON. By WALTER
BESANT. Author of “AH Sorts and Conditions of
“— ” ““*• I -'*— Author of “The Golden Bntterlly," &c., post
of Mr. Ilessni’s genial
originality. . . . Gratitude is duo to Mr. Iterant for pre., 4 „,,„ K
tho best traditions of the older school of llction."—Athcmcmn.
TJERR PAULUS: His Rise, His Greatness,
AA and His Fnlf. By WALTER BESANT, Author of
“ All Sort* and Conditions of Men." 3 vol*.. at every Library.
“One of tho best things Mr. Besant haw done. ... It seems
as if Mr. Besant must bo either a propagandist or a saurist;
nnd he is most enjoyable in satire, because it provides most
scoiw for the display of his really delicious humour. ’ llcrr
... . .‘ally rich in it, — 1 - - -* -* ' -
Paulus’ i" special
of . .. . - - *
’-fepectato
i spite of its faults, o
T UCERNE.—Steam-boat travelling on this
AJ classical Lake is one of the principal pleasures of
Tourists. The Saloon boats make eighteen knot*, nnd have
commodious saloons. Restaurant. Tahle-d’liotc. Tickets
equally available by rail.
T UCERNE.—The Stadthof is the leading
AJ Restaurant. Billiard-rooins,cafi'‘,Fcp*rRto dining-rooms.
Concerts every evening in the garden, where there is an
American bar. Patronised by the elite
A DREAM AND A FORGETTING. By
JULIAN HAWTHORNE. Author of “ Fortune's Fool,"
“ Dust." &c. Crown 8vu, picture cover, Is.; cloth, is. (Id.
HAVID POINDEXTERS DISAPPEAR-
XJ ANCE.&c. By JULIAN HAWTHORNE. Crown 8vo,
cloth extra, 3s. 6d.
MARK TWAIN’S LIBRARY OF HUMOUR.
XTA (Uniform with the llhtstrated Edition of “A Tramp
Abroad.”) A thick volume of 70U l«igc*. profusely Illustrated.
-- TUE8DAV TICKETS nro is«ued by al..
A CHEAP DAY TRIP TO THE SEASIDE.
To Clacton-on-Sea, Walton-on-Nazc, and Harwich, Daily,
leaving Liverpool-street at lUo a.m. on Sundays, 8.25 a.m. on
Mondays, and 7.xa.m. on other days.
For full particulars see bills.
London, June, lxx*. Wm. Biut, General Manager.
r UCERNE.—Pension New Schweizerhaus.
AJ Comfortable English and American homo, near Bonis
and Rail. Large garden. Kxtensivo viows of Alps, lake, and
town. First medical recommendations. Ponsion, from six
francs. Jobbi’H Kobt. Proprietor.
L U C E R N E.— Hotels Schweizerhof and
Lncernerhof. An extra floor and two new lifts added
o the Schweizerhof. The electric light is supplied in tho 500
rooms; no charge for lightim
IIau.hku Fukiikb, Proprietors.
■\rONT DORE-LES-BAINS. Puy-de-Dome.
J.TX Bathing Edal.lishinent recommended for Bronchitis
and Asthma, also for Liver, Spleen, and Gout. There are eight
spring*, varying from 50 dog. to 119 dog. Season, Juno to
September ; .-.Ititiulc, fliuo deg.
(Royal Route \..
Tho Royal Mail Steamer COLUMBA or IONA, with Pass¬
engers only, sails from GLASGOW Daily at 7. a.m., from
GREENOCK at 9. a.111.. in connection with Express Trains
from London nnd the South, conveying passengers for
Oban, Fort William, Inverness, Locliawc, Skye. Gairlnch,
l.ochmnrcc, Staffa, Iona, (.’lencoe, Islay, Stornoway, Thurso,
&c. Official Guide, 3d.: Illustrated, fid. : Cloth Gilt, Is.; re¬
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M onte carlo
AS A SUMMER RESORT.
Fora summer stay, Monte Carlo: adjacent to Monaco, is one
of the most quiet, charming, and interesting of spots on the
Mediterranean sea-coast. The Princi)cility lias a tropical
sen-breezes/ The beach is covered with the softest sand’: tlio
" ' 5 grand
c best specimens of American bum
believe, to have tin rival. The •
and arc a real addition t<
this will be found, v
pleasure of rending, which is saying a good*deal. * Mr* K.Vn....v
must be a humourist hnn'clf, so aptly has he represented the
scenes chosen for illustration. . . . The book is one that will
large demand among elocutionists, as well as among all
10 enjoy hum
s.”—Literary World.
TVI ARY JANE 'MARRIED. By GEORGE R.
JJJ- siMS. Post xvo, illustrated boards, 2*.; cloth limp.
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provide very pleasant and cutcrtaining reading.”—
r PHE CITY OF DREAM. By ROBERT
4 BUCHANAN. With Frontispiece nnd Vignette by
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"It is a work of much interest, and will exci'e, we have
little doubt, a good deal of discussion. ... It is difficult in a
to tho sublime, and raises
It is, taken as a wlmle, a tl
ir Imp,
...c highest point. . . .
full of suggestive thought
»'orld.
M ORREN, Switzerland.—Grand Hotel des
AJpos. Altitude, Ifiso yards. One of the most I'oautiful
spots iu Switzerland. This Hotel is just rebuilt in stone,
and lias all modern improvements and comfort; electric
light in every room. Residence of English Chaplain. Lawn
tennis. Museum. Telephonic communication with the Hdtel
8teinhach, Lautcrhrunnen.
fit) 1
the only sea-bathing town on the Mediterranean
.offers to its visitors the same amusements as tho
Misliments on the lank* of the Rhine—Theatre,Concert*,
miparcii
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HATIIKRUOURT RECTORY. | THK^ EVIL GENIUS. By
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iu Km.'Inn.
eh offe
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is nnd at
e Carlo.
r in il
N 1 .RRL.
bordering the lake. Pensit... g .,, w „ , uu
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VINTER RESORT, .Monaco occupies the first place
be winter stations on the Mediterranean sea-bonlcr.
int of it* climate, its numerous attraction*, and the
-r».pleasure* it has to offer to its guests, which in also
to-day the rendezvous of the aristocratic world, the
s. Miller..
HIM ROSE PATH. By
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FATAL ZERO. By Percy
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..-c Carl. .
only thirty-two hou
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( 1AR0LS OF COCKAYNE. By HENRY S.
LKHtH. A New- Edmon, printed on fenp. xvo, ha lid-111,ulc
London: Ciiatto and* Wi\i»cb, Piccadilly, W.
T>ONTRESINA, Engadine, Switzerland.
X HOtel Steinbeck. In tl«* upper part of Pontrosins.
Healthy situation. Moderate charges. Bath-room. Good
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Mortcratsch Glacier, and Piz Lnndguard.
R IGI KALTBAD, near Luoeme.
Tho sole Rigi Establishment, sheltered from the north
winds. Railway station to the Rigi-Vitznau,the most interest¬
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400 beds. 8 kg kss p. n-F a a u kn , Proprietor.
.
embracing extensive v. t -*
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iEELISBERG KURORT, Sonnenberg.
-J Hotel and Pension. 2500 ft. al tit ml 0. First-class house.
. Su|>crb Inkc and Alpine scenery. J)ouch<>, electric.
S WITZERLAND.—The Vitznou - Rigi
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Junction at Kaltbad for the Rigi-Scheideck.
HPH UN.— Hotel Pension Baumgarten, situated
x in centre of 1 irgc iwrk. The only hotel with elevated
K tion. Splendid view* of Lake, Glaciers,and Stockhorn.
ily house ; old reputation : nuxlerate charges.
BKi1.K K-.S1.Am.KK, Proprietor.
XT ALLEE DES ORMONTS, Switzerland.
* Hotel des Diahlcrct*. Well-kept, flrst-class house,
situated at the foot of magnificent glaciers, and in direct coin-
>r living
delight-
y lLLENEUVE. — Hotel Byron. This
is the nearest hotel to the Castle of Chillon. Ex¬
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Omnibus 10 Boat and Rail. Directed by the Propr.
S T. GOTHARD RAILWAY,
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MI 88 BRAD DON'S
all Lili
HTHE FATAL THREE:
A the Author of" Lady Audit-)
" A really able r- — —
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by electricity, arc provided with all modern requisites for tlio
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TIKE AND UNLIKE: A Novel. By the
AJ Author of ’• Lady Audio's Secret.’’ “ Vixen," Ac.
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London
<, Main
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flRUISE TO THE NORWEGIAN FIORDS,
vy the BALTIC, Ac.—The steam-yacht VICTORIA,1X04 tons
register, 15>M-lmn>e i>ower. U. I). LUNIIAM, Commander^
will be dispatched from Tilbury Dock as followsAug. 11,
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^ marvellous Biylit-sy.stein of distinguishing tl
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| CUMMER CATARRH OR HAY FEVER ;
I K} its Causes, Symptoms, nnd Treatment. By GEORGE
1 MOORE, M.D. •• for. Moore's pamphlet will be full of interest. —
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: VERM ATT, Canton Valais, Switzerland.
! /J Hotel du Riffel. Altitude, 77on ft. The environs offer
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, July 14, 1888.—49
TERCENTENARY OF THE DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA, 1588.
SIR MARTIN FROBISHER.
DRAKE
nd in such danger that she
•iking her standard and firing
r flag-ship and the other ships
rest of the enemy’s fleet began
support, and we made certain
them, which was the only
advantage. At this moment
of the young Spanish noblemen, having
-and perhaps luckily for themselves as it
e fleet; the disillusionment of the invaders
The Duke was dispatching messages to
na, asking him to send him at least forty
with the swift-sailing craft of the English,
3ur ships and the lightness of theirs render-
> bring them to close action.”
ylight preparations had been in progress
for a grand entertainment. Man " ’
les joined the fleet this morning,
his possession was to be conferr
n those officers who had so wch
it week. Friday might be fast d
vonld make it a feast. LordThoma
Roger Townsend, with John Ha’
were to receive the honour of k:
behaviour and git
dignity only give
to the State,
[ os commoners. Never had the dignity bee
fin by its recipients on this occasion. It was
'ht again until the enemy had got into the
hut to wait for further supplies of powder :
turned
Wynter, and then to make an
! read thus far of the doings of
lave become plainly apparent th,
o ascribe the victory at Trafalga
h were won by the naval heroe
took place subsequently will <
:ymour
was falling to leeward of the
to windward.” And so all day
ng went on, the English, witl
r race, towing their vessels int<
from the big Triumph down tc
vay at the hated foe.
nraer morning, Portsmouth in
' along within view of each
one despondency and foreboding
; on the other, hopes ran high
doubt as to the upshot of th<
iconded Sat
for the about
toward, The s?
y f this, the English fighting str
s on fifty heavy ships, whil
mid scarcely muster ten me
Parma, too, had at last got
much
most.
•00
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
correspondence, for a messenger come from the latter to sey he
was glad the Armada had at length arrived, but he did not
hold out any prospect of being able to do much himself. J<or
is it easy to sec how he could while the English held command
of the sea, and there were yet no signs of their having lost it.
As it is now. so it was then : the invasion of the country,
thanks to the silver streak, is an impossibility so long as
England maiutains a sufficient force ill the Channel to beat
the in'the English fleet on Sunday morning, at the council of
war it was decided to employ fire-ships for the enemy*
discomfiture. So the barque Talbot and others were filled with
combustibles, and made ready for the business. \\ e may picture
to some extent the situation from the accounts of the spectators.
A dark and gloomy night, with the tide running up Channel;
despair already the prevailing feeling in the Spanish fleet;
most of the soldiers tired out with the fighting of the
previous week ; the mariners, whose proportions were
less ami whose business exposed them more, nearly all
killed or wounded: those who were well trying to get
a good night's rest while at anchor, to prepare them¬
selves for the arduous work they knew lay before them.
Suddenly the alarm was given, and, as they ran on deck and gazed
out over the bulwarks towards the foe. there, coming down on
the wind, were the flaming ships, with helms lashed, trains
fired, tongues of fire darting from the rigging and flaring away
from sail and spar, every now and again explosions taking
place • the prospect to the Spanish soldiers must have been
terrible It is not to be wondered at that confusion and panic
reigned'in the disheartened squadrons. Some of the ships were
burnt, some came into collision, smashing
others drifted down towards the shoals of Dunkirk, and the big
Capitana of the galleons heading for the harbour of Calais,
drove up on the bar. Though the great bulk of the fighting
ships rallied at daylight to the flag, the Armada was never
asain in a position to act concertedly. .
S But now. on Monday. July 29, the Duke of Medina Sidonia,
gathering round him the remnants of his Armada, prepared
for the final fight. The wind was blowing strong from the
north-west, right over on to the Flemish shoals and any dis¬
abled vessel was almost bound to go on shore. So he formed his
ships np in a half moon, of which the horns were away
towards the North Sea, and, still struggling to windward with
port tacks aboard, beat to quarters, resolved, if he could not
win vet to die like a gallant nobleman of Spain. Down came
the Englishmen with wind and tide in their favour, no longer
keeping at a distance, bat coming within •* shot of arquebuse,
and pouring in their fire at close quarters as they broke through
and through the Spanish line. Howard and Hawkins, Sheffield
and Cumberland drove in the centre, whilst Drake and Fro¬
bisher crushed the southern, and Seymour and Wynter the
northern horn of the crescent. Till 3 p.m. the battle raged,
the Spaniards were terribly beaten. Philip’s power shattered,
and the foundation of Britain’s naval Empire firmly established.
How many of the Spaniards' ships weredestroyed in ^
fight is unknown. The Lord Admiral says three were
four or five driven ashore : the Spanish account points out
that the ships of Don Francisco de Toledo, Don Diego
Pimentel, and Don Diego Enriquez •• were now quite disabled
and unserviceable, with most of their crews killed or wounded."
The San Felipe and San Mateo went ashore on the Nether-
lands coast, and the San Juan de Sicilia sank in sight of an
English man-of-war, just as she was about to become a prize.
As for the great galliass on the bar at Calais, she was taken
by the small boats of the Ark, the Margaret and John, and
other ships ; her captain, Don Hugo de Moiifada, losing hi 8
life in a vain attempt to resist the boarders, led by one
Richard Tomson of Ramsgate. The English plundered her"
but the hulk fell a prize to the Governor of Calais.
Tuesday, July 30, the English were in hot pursuit, and at
early dawn came np with the shattered remnant of the Armada.
The San Martin, Siilonia’s flag-ship, had many shot-holes
between wind and water, and nearly all the galleons he
could rely on were in still worse plight. The pilots told the
Duke it was impossible, if the north-west wind continued, to
prevent the whole of the Armada going upon the shoals oil
the coast of Zealand, and, says the Spanish writer, “the
English, seeing that the Armada was on the point of being
wrecked, refrained from attack.” As a matter of fact we
know that it was want of powder and shot which prevented
(Concluded on pajr 54.)
I^JETZLER and CtVS New Songs and Duets.
OR A DAY AND A NIGHT.
X gong. Composed hy Mr*. BltUNNING MADDI.SON.
Words by A. ('. ft win burnt*.
Sung by Mr. Lawrence Kellie.
WHEN FIRST I SAW YOUR FACE.
TV Sung. CotiilK. cl l,y MAY 03TLKKE.
Wn|'ilit hy II. L. D’Arcy Jaxmie.
“Wliou first I saw jour lace.”
I OVE. New Vocal Duet.
J Composed by THRO. MARZIAL9.
1.0 VK.
Composed by THEO. MARZIALS.
riMME WILL SHOW. New Vocal Duet
X Words by Marinn Chappell.
Music by J. M. COWARD.
Mktzmcr and Co.. 42, Great Marl borough-street, London, W.
i REAT NORTHERN CENTRAL HOSPITAL
.1 HOLLO WAY-ROAD. N.
OPENING OK THE NEW BUILDINGS by
Their Royal Highnesses
THE PRINCE AND PRINCESS OF WALES,
_ han't, secretary.
THE QUEEN and the whole of the ROYAL
X FAMILY at WINDSOR. 1 *s 7. This picture vr'll be re¬
produced, by express Permission of her Majesty, iu Photo¬
gravure. for which order* are now lieing taken.
I. p. MENDOZA. St. James's Gallery, King-street, St. James's.
CHIRTS.—Patterns of new French Printed
O Shirt i ncs and Ox ford Mat sent to select from. Sn Shirts
and One Dozen «'f Collars to umtcU. for XU., carriage paid.
It. FORD and CO., 41, Poultry, London.
qhirts.-fords eureka dress
O SHIIt rs. To wear with one stud centrenf Front. Sixteen
different size-. 14 t<» i« inch neck, ready for use, 5s. 6d.,
7a. tJd.,Os. ttd.—It. FORD aud CO., 41, Poultry, London.
j^HIRTS-
R. FORD and
EUREKA SHIRT**.
1 to Measure.
the half-dozen.
If-nica.Mire ixist-free.
). , 41. Poultry, London. _
UHIRTR— OLD SHIRTS Ref routed. Wrist
and Collar Banded, fine Linen. Three for 6-.; Superior,
7*. 6*1.; Ext ra Fine. IK Retiirio d ready for use,carriage paid,
to your dniIf.- R. FORD and CO., 41, Poultry, Loudon.
TLiGIDIUS.—The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
ilJ that never shrink in washing, not if washed in) times.
Woven, three for 31a. •*>!.: elastic,soft as silk,three for Ikw.Od.
Write for Patterns and Self-measure, Carriage free.
It. FORD amt CO., -II. Poultry, London.
"Vi GIDIU S. — GENTLEMEN’S UNDER-
Jl J VESTS, summer and winter weight, 32 to 4t* inches
Chest; Pants to match. 32 to 52 waist. Vests, 4s. fid. to 6s. sal.
BENJAMIN EDGINGTON'S
O
HEAPEST CONTINENTAL HOLIDAY.
By the HARWICH ROUTE. , .
•N Exhibition, the Ardennes, Holland, the Rhine.
. R.g«nt-street. W.; or of the
*treel Station. K.C.
TVIEPPE.— Hotel Royal, facing the sea.
LJ .Siij-oruu’ first.chas house, worthily ^ recommended.
d hdu>? 1 Open af/thcVear. 0 ’ ^ ** °1auso>xkcv. Propr.
r 1LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
Vj ADMISSION, ONE 8H1LLINU.
'1 LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
J The BEST HOLIDAY PROGRAMME, a Trip to Bonnie
.. n.i— a vmi.. ... i:tuM<riiw*n uiMMit World's Fair: The
rjLASGOW International EXHIBITION.
V-T The Only International Exhibition m United Kingdom
in Us*. The Press* of the World unanimously accord this
Exhibition the highest place iu Exhibitions held in Great
G....
■c Railway Time-Tallies.
“LOUIS”
VELVETEEN.
Every yard bears the name “ LOUIS,” and
the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
quality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
should write for Samples of the New Shades
to THOS. WALLIS and CO., Holborn-circus,
London, E.C., who snpply all shades and all
qualities at most reasonable prices.
Mint
/mcDmSo/w
18 NEW BOND SIW.
li SHAKESPEARE” COT,
Hade in four sizes.
PRICE-LIST FREE ON APPLICATION;
Di Twelve Illustrated Reasons tor using the Cot, free
for two Stamps.
BENJAMIN EDGINGTON, Ltd.,
2, DUKE-STREET, LONDON BRIDGE,
rent ui flog Manufacturer to Her Majesty the Queen ud
H.B.H. the Prince of Wilei.
MwUI tor
KINAHAN’S
LL
WHISKY.
OBSERVE!
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦
I AM
The Spirit of Health,
and my message is to the Wise.
I crown, with a fadeless wreath,
those who obey my laws and avail
themselves of my counsels. The
flowers that I give do not wither,
and the fragrance of my roses is
perpetual. I bring bloom to the
cheek—strength to the body— joy
to the heart. The talisman with
.which I work never fails. Vast
numbers have felt its
power, and testified to
its virtues. It is
BEECHAM’S PILLS,
The World’s Medicine !
A perfect remedy for disorders of live
liver, stomach, and digestive organs,
accompanied by nervous debility.
If you are in any degree a sufferer, let the
Spirit of Health inspire you to try
BEECHAM’S PILLS.
I
HIS MAJESTY the KING of ITALY.
HIS ROYAL HlGHNESS n ilie r CROWN PRINCE of ITALY.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
X THE GREAT SUfClKS OF Kv.,
THE EXHIBITION OF THE YEAR.
ITALIAN .SCULPTURE. PAINTINGS, and INDUSTRIE?.
At 4 ami s.ai p.ui. Daily. W.-t or Dry.
ROME UNDER THE EMPEROR TITUS.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
X ILLUMINATED GARDEN FETE EVERY EVENING.
SEVERAL MILITARY BANDS DAILY, ft.nu 1 to 11 p.m.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
X Admission to the Exhibition, is. Open 111*» 11.
Vjnckxt A. Amts, Secretary.
QLYMPIA, KENSINGTON.
ODl’CTS and MA!
IRISH AUTs
From JULY 17 to so tlic
ofWiHsimrv.'
Connie** of ...
HHi,and Mrs.Gladstone.
Open 11 tun. to io.3n p.n
Wednesdays, 2*. fid. Season
ut Kitglaml. Scotland, Itclail
of Bcctive, Lady Arthur
V ITREMAINIE (Stained Windows). By
this simple process WINDOWS may he ipiirklyand richly
WILLIAM BARNARD, llu, Edgware-road, London.
NO STABLE IS COMPLETE WITHOUT
EtLJMANS
§
SLOUCH
aeuw
§§§
tMa
2/M
MU
§
EMBROCATION
&
“ I And the results i
ELLIMAN'S ROYAL EMBROCATION.
Sold hy Chetnmta ami Saddler*. Price 2*., 2s. fid., 3*. 0*L
Prepared only by ELL1MAN, SONS, & CO., Slough, Eng.
Klaa*
g'sflverflcs'si 1
Aiuruccu Uasv,
— - 4 - 1888 ' - r _! 5 LiH^ATED LONDON NEWS
“T)Y a thorough knowledge of the mh,r,i 1 ™ 7T7-~~-—
and nutrition, and by a careful armli f * ^ 1K 8 ' 0vern the operations of digestion
Mr, Epps has provided our breakfast tubles 7 the 6ne P ro P erties of "'ell-selected Cocoa,
us many heavy doctors’ bills 1^1,1 ■“ ****+"« ^ which may save
_ ‘^ ‘ 14 18 hy ,he J ttd « of such articles of diet that
A SJ O (coMFom'i'rVo ) (JUCOA
Hulltrrf Z maladies^are flol'! 7 ' ^ ‘° tentienc ^ to **»**-
point. We may escape Zuy \ t V T 7 * * *** ^ fte " fa * weak
and a properly nourished fW- J s!rvL ^ “ *“ >”*
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st. FAULKnfr’« rn mn,
I®™* somheb-SST- ... 0RVSTALS - CORPULENOY.
ho* imam-^ lifsssis
GILES, DRESSES I ^|T }«£•«? ifm^JWSysf Book. n« p 4£(Atamp# “*
O -77?.’ , L '- a - c,00 - l! '0) I mu^apUcuaUnBitiLUANTB‘‘ F. O. RUSSELL, Woburn House
MAM LBS, COSTUMES, DRA PERY', ic. U»»)) “H worth twenty guineas, 27. Store-s treet, Bedford-squaro. London. w n
300 Pieces COLOUEEFMOIRi ^ „', jL
v wuscakb ..... wSS5»Sy h v *■* UL_ I ■
) COCOA
FRANCAISE .per yard £0 4
20U Pieces COLOURED BROCADED SATINS
suitable for Tea Gowns, very rich per yani 0 4
L.\tra rich BROCADES, suitable for Court
Train* «n,l Bridal wear .. .. Iw yard 0 7
5". CASHMERE an,l MERINO SILK KM-
BROIDEREI) ROUES, l„ Black. Browns
J23 SILK COSTUMES, in various
.’n.los, less than half price, Including
m iterlal for bodice . M „ ,
4Si COSTUMES of various 1‘laln and Fancy
Materials, also Braldeil Cloth, usual mire
3 Is. 61, to 63s,. ..110
ZEPHYR LAAVN COSTUMES, reduced from
WORTH TWENTY GUINEAS, 27 - StOre-
rapidlymroTtosUv whhonf" ,lc f ly ' »»d
-u™* sene 'zz up ana ,om ‘ " ,e
„ F - 0 RUSSELL, Woburn House,
27, Store-street, Bedford-square, London, W.G.
ARTHUR 0. FAULKNER,
187, REGENT - STREET
LONDON, W.
Established 1880.
1 .i L ° <JUES PRRE °* APPLICATION.
BAYLISS, JONES, X BAYLISS, WOLVERHAMPTON,
Loado n Show-Room* : 139 & 141, CANNON-STREET, E.C.
m ROBINSON l CLEAVER’S LINEN
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
5 50 BLACK PEAU DU SOIE,
Ljgg^
WALKING GQWFS.
RPHCM? DM 3 j® -
M A A M W IT 8 I 1 Yf¥n Price-Lists and Samples, jyost-free.
A • A 111 J Mam ROBINSON Z CLEAVER, BELFAST.
toh^h^S'p TAttoat ROWLANDS’
10 i-l.H.H. The Princess of Wales
:S|i:SSSrS~ ; s ODONTO
To H.R.H. The Princess of Wales
h.«“SS,ffiS ra ? “ a . SONS beg to announce that they
(ff.'ctive designs, original prices, from 1 l0 _ nmtcrlais show unusual novelty in colouruig ami texture soafK,Ils - ll,e new
«:ESSSSS™i,S;Sif
.‘SEL!sr. M •*““n:.........-..«**
-.. J ”- C ‘'- t0 4 4 0 I POSTERS, in Fine Cloths and Scotch Homespuns
PETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st! ' ^^nr^f^NDm^Er,^ ^ ^ W ~
I 27, new'bond-street | LONDON, W.
C0WE Lso R ™ W Y0RK - PA!rTERNS AND S“TOHBS POST-FREE.
--1 BRANCH: 57, CROSS-STREET, MANCHESTER.
MAPPIN & WEBB
H of 1 STTOwnc 1 a “<i most Artistic Stock
f s ^r L = I ,r^ nd electro SILVER
PRESENTS m the Kingdom.
Is the best
TOOTH POWDER j
whitens the Teeth
and prevents decay ;
contains no acid or
gritty substances.
Buy only
ROWLANDS’
ODONTO.
Sold everywhere.
WEDDING PRESENTS.
OXFORD-ST., WEST END, 158,,.
POULTRY, CITY, 18, ’ L0ND0N
Marmfaotories \ 34, Kin^-street, <3ovent>g , arden W C
and Show-Rooms) Royal Plate and Cutlery Works, Sheffield
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE
POST-FREE.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, July 14, 1888.— 52
1. One of the Duke of Portland's Clumber spaniels. 4.
2. Mr. W. J. Ingram’s greyhound, Saracinosca, 2nd prize. 5.
8. Mr. R. F. Mayhew’s beagle. Blue Bell, 1st prize. 6.
Mr. J. Pine’s collie. Paramount, 2nd prize.
Mr. F. B. Cmven’s bloodhound, Champion Duchess IL, lit prlzo.
Mr. W. Tathara’s bassothound, Forester, 1st prize, and winner
of the Twenty-Ffre Guinea Challenge Cup.
7. Dr. Edwardes Ker’s sheepdog, Sir Cavendish, 1st prize and cup.
8. Mr. E. W. Joquet's bulldog, Ayesha.
9. Mr. C. A. R. Hon re's Siberian wolfhound, Kappah.
THE KENNEL CLUB DOG 8HOW.—SEE PAGE 64.
JULY 14, 1888
-j^_£ L BU8TBATED LONDON NEWS
LADIES’ DRESSES.
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
SPEARMAN
-A.3STID
SPEARMAN,
PLYMO l/T’ -pt
EXQUISITE DRESS MATERIALS
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
The highest taste, best Dualities, and cheapest
prices. In Pure Wool only.
Orders are Carriage Paid; and any length Is cut.
These beautiful Goods aro supplied to Ladies
themselves, not through Agents or Drapers.
- - - llHWiS
2347™M^»iMnn»uMnB»
The
Sold all over I - he HIyD0 ° Pens, Nos, l, a, a a
I the World. I <=_■ mni.ifiSSBfsTi.Tri^isji m.h^.
‘ Ttey are the beat Pens invented.”—Era-W
- --- M «^ TH “=orrr
- —- N -4.i£X£"
mourningTor^amiues^
nudaveritas
oriitlTi s i t5y or faded
USE
FRY’S
PURE CONCENTRATED
cocoa
MES8BS.
JAY’S
experienced
DRESSMAKERS
MILLINERS
Travel to any part
of the Kingdom,
Free of expense to
purchasers.
They take with
them Dresses and
Millinery,
besides Patterns
of Materials,
at Is. per yard
and upwards.
Estimates given
for Household
Mourning.
J A Y’S,
REGEXT. STREET, LQXltON. W.
- " iiwnik lUil M LinfllWuE
‘ F Ru.riAtvr;r tut uye w ^ »■ *- —y»' E n OS
it has, in many instances prevmtedVh ^ "k!" f b ““ * ate “ “ tte “ rlies ‘ sta 8 e of » disease,
ENO'S ‘FRUIT SALT I a s ° ^ a severe illness. The effect of
a numery medicine the ^FRUIt” SALT^^eondWon of the system is mmvellous. As
upon i, rather in the light o, .Tax” A. “ "o ’- ““ * ** “
L".E 5 Ci£ ","
™“ " tt A, .rS= . ».
GOLDSMITHS’ & SILVERSMITHS’ COMPINV
ShowEooms: m REGENT-<STD«-V . wUWIrAN I,
".pp?- the rnhue direct a, Manager, Chsh rfll’cin^hSP 1 ^’ W ‘.
SuppY5‘
H 1 ®? - CLASS JEWELLERY.
Htl £ he , ? tock of Bracelets, Brooches, Enr-
ln n &n^o Ck el 1’ &C ’’ 18 tho lar ^ cst choicest
l^“ d0 n’ and contn,ns desl ^ a « of rare beauty
andexce Hence not to be obtained elsewhere an
inspection of which is respectfully invited.
ORIENTAL PEARLS.—Choice
or nve™V;™
P R L and diamond
coltaton “* nla <*'» “ d
BRIDAL PRESENTS.—Special
0 , •““‘‘T ls devoted to the production of
” ries^ldi’ 1 'p 3rpena ' re E0 '’ el 'ies suitable for
uesmaida Presents. Original tleskm*; ami
t-.dmates prepared ireo of charge/ g
Wading presents.
COMPLIMENTARY presents.
lead tho pubha ^ h h is “leuhrted to mis-
roS| e Jd&? a ?3“g, Re'i^W*®
“A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS.”
years |“ 0 * 01 00 ™torprlse of recent
Wore toe mWe u workshops dl ™
"umorous interim „° 8 purch “ cr3 th «
toined bv ‘ l' ronu which are ob-
S»cirhM been thf" 10 " ’ ° n hteh ' class (?"Ods.
•ImttooCommnThnve l.° n by thc pubUc
In England ami ,” OW th ° brgp,t buslri «a
tohlonoll hoiL ^,, q . M DPPlantlng the ° ,J -
having been nutllfj’* themselves upon
have utterly fall,] jj* 1 ? a0 raany decadea, but
handsomely-engraved monogram, £io, If w
engraved Cases, ios. extra.
_ engraved Cases, ios. extra.
GOLDSMITHS’ AND SILVERSMITHS' COMPANY, 112, REGENT -STREET.
to 50 per Cent.
DIAMOND ORNAMENTS. —A
Snravs S?° e 1 ?L^f ortraent °' Rlngs . Store,
SS&SRb&S * dtactto tt « p“ b||c
® A Ji^? II ? ES from Ce y lo a, but
wirh ninL Lo ? dc ? n cuttln ^’ mounted alone, or
with Diamonds, in a great variety of ornaments.
NOVELTIES.—A succession of
ntll , N< ? veltle ® b.V the Company’s own artists
SdehSfS 18 consUintl - v produced to
anticipate tho requirements of purchasers.
QASH PRICES.—The Company.
nnd S5i nc S ng th ? ir bus,aess both in buying
and selling for cash, arc enabled to offer pur¬
chasers great advantages over the usual credit
STS. ^rked to pS ifiJ
for cash without discount.
APPROBATION.-Selected
parcels of goods forwarded to the country
^P roval when desired. Correspondents,
^X g ordePr ‘ b ° m 500(1 “ L ° 0don
COUNTRY CUSTOMERS have,
hei n v t .,, r ,?. U ,f„ h < I? 13 ™ eans ' the odvantage of
S 2W'" , fr ".'" ” n Immense London
stock, containing all the latest novelties, and
which are not obtainable In provincial towns.
COLONIAL AND FOREIGN
. „u.°!' dor8 MC0l,tCil with the utmost cure and
fnlthfulness under tho immediate supervision
rinn ^,“5 ^mimny. Where the selee-
£S*i ww t0 t j ,c 1 flrm > custonieni may relv upon
£'”'1 to®“ and discretion being used, and too
pricM being exactly the same as if a porsonal
selection were made. ^
ipESTIMON IALS.—The n u morons
recommendationa with which the Gold¬
smiths Company havo been favoured by cus¬
tomers, is ai pleasing testimony to the exeellenoe
and durability of theirmnnufaetures.
OLD JEWELLERY, Diamonds,
for cash d 101500 10 clcbang0 or bought
JjJEDALS.—Awarded Seven Gold
and Prize Medals and the Legion of
Honour, a special distinction conferred on this
Firm for the excellence of their manufactures.
QATALOGUE containing
thousands of designs, beautifully Illus¬
trated, sent post-free to all parts of the world.
CATALOGUE POST-FREE.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEI
, i • - nf th«nr victory. However, wnen i-ne
Si d got into ill fathoms, - it' leased God to change
tr'vh ro tVS W.. ’and the Dons clawed off without losing
r^ i suR.W-rJa» 1 ^
northward, and the English left them to the care of the
The - Invincible " Armada came, saw, and fled, the remainder
of the story of the ill-fated expedition being merely a record of
the difficulties, dangers, and disasters which betel the remnant
in attempting to clear the Scotch and Irish coasts on their
innrnev home to Spain. Thomas Fenner, who follow*! them
home to Spain. Thomas tenner, who ioiiowcu umu,
is the Firth of Forth, and left them on Aug. 4 with a
Connie of pinnaces to keep an eye on their future movements,
records their utter demoralisation. The gale increased, none
stopped to succour a comrade, many foundered m the Aorth
Sea or were wrecked on the Scotch coast, more came to grief
on the rocks of Ireland, and of the vessels which left the
Tagus barely halt returned. Of the 30.000 men who sailed in
the Arm ad a" scarce one-third got back home again ; those that
the bullets of the English did not reach fell victims to the
winds and the waves, the rocks and the Bhoals, hunger and
thirst, or the savages of Ireland.
This was a sufficiently tragical termination to the expedition
which less than a twelvemonth before had menaced the
country so terribly. Never since has the English nation been
exposed to a danger seemingly so imminent and so over¬
whelming. The lessons of the occurrences sank deep into the
hearts of the people of that time. Their importance is not
lessened by the three centuries that have passed. The defeat
of the Armada taught friend and foe alike that Britain’s
shores are inviolate so long as Britain's fleet is efficient. The
peril was undoubtedly increased by the procrastinating im¬
prudence and vacillating policy of the authorities. It is a
sufficient commentary on the state of affairs on shore that the
preparations for the protection of the Thames were not even
completed at the date of the fight off Grovelines. At the time
that Queen Elizabeth was reviewing her troops at Tilbury the
Armada was a scattered and defeated Lost. It was no mere
chance, too, as Prolessor Laughton points out, that made our
ships more handy, more weotherly, and more heavily armed
than those of the enemy. These advantages were due to the
foresight and enterprise of the English naval commanders,
and not to them was the shame that these memorable battles
were lought and the discomfiture of the enemy assured by
seamen whose wages were unpaid, who were half-starved, and
lamentably ill-supplied with the munitions of war.
Well might the Queen in State attend a public thanks¬
giving at St. Paul’s, well might prayer and praise go up in
gratitude for the Divine mercy. England had been true to
herself, and no differences of religion or of politics had
been able to weaken the national unity. To the safe keep¬
ing of her sons had been confided the integrity of the
island, and under Divine Providence they had nobly sustained
the trust reposed in them. We may well take theadvice which
Thomas Delany, in a contemporary ballad, gave his countrymen:
0 noble England
Fall dnnhe upon thy knee
And praise thy God with thankfull hart
Which still nmintaiueth thee.
The old anchor, represented in one of our smaller engravings,
lies, with several other naval trophies, outside the building of
the Royal United Service Institution, in Whitehall lard. It
was found on the coast of Donegal, where, and on the coasts
of the Bay of Sligo, of Mayo, Galway, Clare, and Kerry, many
of the ships of the Spanish Armada were wrecked on their
way homeward from the North Atlantic, ibis anchor was
presented by Admiral Ommaney, R.N., to the United Service
Institution. _
Mr. H. C. Rothery, the Wreck Commissioner, has, owing to
continued ill-health, resigned his office.
At a meeting in Birmingham on Jnly 3 a scheme was
approved for a ship-canal from Birmingham, via South
Staffordshire, the Potteries, and Cheshire, to the Mersey above
Liverpool.
Prince Alexander of Battenberg, while out driving on
Sunday, July 8, lost control over the horse, which fell down a
precipice, dragging the carriage with it. The Prince saved
himself by clinging to a bush.
Among the numerous meetings of societies for benevolent
purposes recently held are the following:—The anniversary
festival of the Royal Caledonian Society, at which £850 was
subscribed ; that of the Ncwsvenders’ Benevolent and Provi¬
dent Institution, the subscriptions amounting to £450-. that
of the Gardeners' Royal Benevolent Institution, donation of
1000 guineas being announced, of which £200 came from
gardeners in small sums ; that of the Cabdrivers’ Benevolent
Association, the subscriptions reaching £11112. The Duchess of
Albany visited Caterham on July 7, and distributed the prizes
gained during the last term by the children of the Warehouse¬
men and Clerks' Schools. The Merchant Seamen’s Orphan
Asylum have received from Captain Goddard, of the ship
Melbourne, the balance of his contribution of £1000 to the
institution. Lord Meath presided at the midsummer festival
of the British Orphan Asylum, at Slough, on July 7. The
Countess of Meath and a number of clergy and ladies and
gentlemen also attended the proceedings. The anniversary
festival of the Metropolitan Hospital was held at the
Hotel Mctropole on July 11. What wns described as a ‘-Silver
Wedding Celebration ” took place at the National Hospital for
the Paralysed and Epileptic, in Queen-square, Bloomsbury, on
July 5. The arrangements, which were very varied, included a
flower-show and conversaziones in the afternoon and evening.
The Lord Mayor presided in the Mansion House at a meeting
in aid of the fund for building the new Hospital for Women.
He said that £8000 had been subscribed out of £20.000 which
was needed. Resolutions in support of the object were passed.
Princess Beatrice, who was accompanied by Prince Henry of
Battenberg, paid a visit to Greenwich on July 10 for the purpose
of laying the foundation-stone of the new jubilee almshouses,
which are to cost £ 1800, of which sum £ 1200 has been already
subscribed. On the same day the Duchess of Teck distributed
the prizes to th6 boys of the All Saints’ Orphanage at Lewis¬
ham, an institution in which members of the Royal family
have always taken a great interest.
THE KENNEL CLUB DOG SHO^f"'
The thirty-first exhibition of sporting and other dogs Wa
the Kennel Club, took place this year at the Ram-iaahVSffi
Barn Elms, Barnes. The entries were 1300 in uunilier Inriffi
challenge class for dogs, the prize was awarded to Mr-H
Brough's Ilarnaby, and that for bitches to Mrs. A J Danmrfi
Jaff; in the open dog class, the first prize went to’Dr t T
Longest * Alchemist. The mastiffs were a good collection ■ the
first prize in the challenge class went to Mr. J. Sidney- Turner'*
champion Beaufort; Mr. G. Willin’s champion Cambrian
|j'"'
: i ' ' jfW
Mu. R. Bryan’s Great Dane, Zuta, 1st Prize.
Princess was first in the corresponding- female class. In the
open dog class, Mr. H. K. E. Van Doorne’s Wodan was first.
There was an excellent show of St. Bernards : in the challenge
class for rough and smooth coated dogs. Mr. H. W. Roberts's
Pouf took the prize. Dr. Inman’s Plevna taking that for females;
in the open rough-coated dog class, Mr. W. Jones’s Young
Wallace was first. In the open class for smooth-coated dogs
Mr. L. Oppenheim’s Austin Friar was first. Mr. G. Porter’s
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puppies. Mr. G. Chapman’s Lady Teazle. Mr. W. Game's
Esher Charlie, and Mr. E. Nichol’s Miss Jummy took prizes
among the Newfoundlands. In the challenge class for Great
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setter dogs was awarded to Mr. M. H. Mills's Kildare, and for
females, to the Rev. R. O’Callaghan’s Avelir.e. The retrievers
were a good collection ; the prize in the challenge class for
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VOL. XCIII.
SATURDAY, JULY 21, 1888.
two (SIXPENi
WHOLE SHEETS ) Bv Post, 6ji
PHOTOG1141'
IHOCI, FLORI
58
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 21, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
A suggestion has been recently made by a literary humourist
that no work shall receive its “ imprimatur " till fifty years
after its author's death. The idea is meritorious ; but what is
more noteworthy is the false premises, though they meet with
such general acceptance, on which it is founded. It seems
generally argued that the merit, or the demerit, of every book
is to be settled by the verdict of Posterity. Why ? On what
grounds is it supposed that our descendants shall be better
judges of what is good or bad in literature than ourselves ? So
far as such a thing can be investigated, the evidence seems all
the other way ; for it is to be observed that the people who aro
always cackling about Posterity and prophesying with their
goose-quills about this or that anthor's place in letters a
hundred years hence, are, invariably, praisers of the Past at
the expense of the Present. It is probable they have no
genuine admiration for it, and only pretend to have, in order
to be as uncivil as possible to their contemporaries: just as a
twice-married woman will praise her first husband, though
she didn’t care twopenoe about him, in order to annoy her
second; but one should be logical even in one’s pretences.
Now, if tho last generation of writers and thinkers is so
superior to our own, and the one before that to it, and so on
and soon, it snrelv follows by analogy that the next generation
to ours will be inferior to it, and the next—which is Posterity—
of still less account. Every Spring, I notice, when the trees are
putting on their leaves and the birds are beginning to sing,
some jaundiced writer, as if disgusted with Nature being as
fresh as ever, rates and prates in some antediluvian review or
another about the degeneracy of literature, and of how inforior
To-day is to Yesterday, and of how little even what seems to
bo good now will be thought of To-morrow. And so it has
always been. Goldsmith complained of it; Dryden com¬
plained of it—though one wonders now why they thought
it worth their while. It is only reasonable that tho Past,
in letters as in everything else, should “ win a glory
from its being far, and orb into tho perfect star,” unseen by
those who moved therein : bnt how foolish, groundless, and
unprofitable is oil this envious cant about Posterity ! The
great master of humour perceived this, we may be sure, when
he exclaimed, “I'll write for antiquity ! ”
Does anyone know who wrote “ Young Mistley ” 1 I don't
Whether it will be read by Posterity or not it is bard to say,
and also not of much consequence ; bnt in 1888 it is very
pleasant reading. The idea of making one of onr Foreign
Office or Indian Office young gentlemen the hero (a real one)
of a novel, and endowing him with all the patriotism and
ten times the sense of a Russian Nihilist, is quite new. To
those who understand such matters the conclusion of the
book, I think, will show the true novelist, for it must have
been provided for from the first. One ought to hear something
more of “ Young Mistley V’ papa.
One is always afraid of “ telling a Btory ”—not a falsehood,
which, unfortunately, has few terrors for us—bnt an amusing
anecdote. There is always somebody who is ready to say he
has heard it before (whether he has or not), and lots of people
to believe him. Still, so far as I know, the following anecdote
is new ; the subject most certainly is, for it shows how a
young gentleman made money by publishing a book of poems.
He had his doubts himself whether it would pay, especially
after it had appeared ; and when good-natured friends (whose
kindness, we may be sure, stopped on the wrong side of buying
it) said, “ You will be half ruined,” he was rather inclined to
agree with them. At last, in fear and trembling, he wrote
to the publisher to know the worst (which he had calculated
at £80). “ Let me know how many of the edition have gone
oil.” ran his humble epistle ; “ and what is the balance I owe
yon.” The publisher wrote back : “ Dear Sir,—Your whole
edition has gone off, leaving a balance of £20 in your favour ;
cheque inclosed.” The poet was in the seventh heaven, and
yet not satisfied ; he rushed to the publisher's to inquire who
had bought the book—friends, enemies, Mudie, or who 1 “My
dear Sir, I think you had much better not ask.” “ Not ask ?
Why not.’ You wrote to say the edition had been all sold : it
must have been sold to somebody.” “ Pardon me, I wrote that
it had ‘gone off’: so it had, the whole of it. There was a fire in
tho warehouse, and the contents were insured.”
The institution of hospitals has hitherto been reckoned as
the highest form of benevolence and civilisation ; but the
Asylum for the Ugly, which I read has been established in
Massachusetts, seemB to surpass it: for persons who subscribe
to an hospital, though not ill at present, may do so from the
apprehension that they may some day require its benefits;
whereas handsome people (like the reader), though they may
grow old, can never grow ugly. The idea of the founders of this
charity is that beauty is a matter of comparison, and that if
plain persons were restricted to the society of the plain, it
would lead to matrimony. “ Love is of the valley,” says
the poet, and the valley is in some sense the plain. On
the other hand, another poet (your poets are so conflicting)
tells ns “ Love is Truth ; Truth, Beauty,” which, by an
application of Euclid, would seem to prove that Love
is Beauty. Certainly, if the theory of heredity is to be
trusted, this benevolent scheme will probably increase and
perpetuate ugliness, which is hardly to be desired. I can only
remember one instance of its being an advantage, and I need
not say it did not occur tea female. The Due de Roclore,
the witty favourite of Louis XIV., was not only more than
“ordinary looking,” but what is called in Wiltshire “einfal
ordinary ”—a very plain man indeed ; but his acquaintance,
CountTonson, was plainer. This gentleman, having no beauty
to spoil, was a great duellist, and having killed some peruana
grata of the Court, was condemned to death for it. The Duke
interceded for him, and with great difficulty obtained hio
pardon. “ Why should you have taken all that trouble to save
Tonson 1” inquired the King : “be is not a friend of yours."
“Not at all, Sire,” replied the Duke, “ bnt if be bad suffered,I
should then have been the ugliest man in France."
As to the particular rights of the matter in the case of the
owners of Latrigg v. the Public Enjoyment, I know nothing;
but I am glad, indeed, that it has turned out as it has done.
The Lake country is now almost the only district in England
where a country walk—that is, a walk not along a high road
with walls or hedges on both sides of it—is practicable. The
Footpath, which used to be the great attraction of our rural
districts, is generally ornamented with a board with
“ Trepassers Beware 1 ” on it “Little think the prond ones,
who in their coaches roll along the turnpike-road,” what hard
work it is to walk upon it on a dnsty day. This yenr, of
course, it does not signify ; one could take a boat: bnt there
will be dry summers some time or another, I eqppoBO. Tho
idea of not letting people climb a mountain because it is private
property, is a little too monstrous. Bnt for the good people
and their like who hnve fought the good fight of Latrigg in the
law court, we should no doubt lose the privilege of breathing
in all open spaces. “Notice! The air here is tho exclusive
property of the Lord of the Manor, and those who inhalo it
will be prosecuted as the law directs.”
It is one thing for a popular author to be courted, and quite
another to bo county eonrted. Ibis has just happened to a
lady who “ for more than thirty years has been writing church
books for children," which seems to make tho position still
more deplorable. The incident is noteworthy as illustrative of
the science of begging-letter writing in connection with litera¬
ture. The defendant was accused of issuing litbographieal
appeals, chiefly to clergymen, stating that she could not live
very long, though it was probable that the disease from which
she was suffering would not for two or three years assume a
vital form. In the meantime it seems that not only white
meat was necessary for her, bnt that her turkeys should be
boned. The plaintiff, who had lent her £20 “ to enable her to
retain the copyright of a book," made as great a point of this
os if the lady had herself “ boned ” the turkeys. I do not
myself see why, having got possession of the bird, she should
not have made the best of it, especially as it was for the enter¬
tainment of “ a Knight and his wife." When persons of quality
honour the likes of us poor literary folk with their company,
we naturally wish to entertain them with the viands to which
their position has accustomed them. There were, it is trne,
some other points in the case less in the defendant’s favour ;
but who can find fault with her suggestion to her creditor the
divine?—“ Would a few of my books be of any service in yonr
parish ? ” It is a question I should like to ask, myself, of
any heneficed clergyman, if I thought it would be of
any good (to me) ; for it is probable that she did
not intend to send them gratuitously for circulation in the
Free Library. For my part, I am very grateful to her that she
seems to have confined her applications to the clergy and
refrained from importuning those of her own cloth. She may,
it is trne, have had reason to know that they have very little
to give ; but I prefer to believe that the excellent principle of
hawks not picking out hawks’ een, or (less poetically) of dog
not eating dog, forbade it.
It is Btrange, indeed, considering how numerous mnst be
the failures in the calling of letters, how few'of those who
pursue it adopt this method of bettering their fortunes. When
it does occur there is often nothing to be ashamed of : it seems
natural enough that a poor fellow on the lowest of the steep
steps that lead to literary success should say to his more
fortunately placed brother, “ Pray lend me a hand.” At the
same time, it must be confessed, I have known cases not alto¬
gether to the credit of the literary applicant. It is not right
(and also very injudicious) to write on a Monday for assist¬
ance in a misfortune which the person appealed to has relieved
on the previous Wednesday : of course, this is the result of a
mistake—the inefficient keeping of a correspondent-book—and
proves how just is the remark that literary persons aro seldom
good business men ; but it is fatal. Moreover. I object to
defray the expenses of a gentleman in London to his nativo
land, “ where literary genius is appreciated ” (Ireland), more
than twice during the same autnmn. Finally, the litho-
graphical form seems to me antagonistic to sympathy,
especially when (as in a communication I received this very
morning) it commences thus : “ I am of gentle blood ; bom of
an ancient, but not wealthy, family in the North. I little
thought in my youth to be reduced to live by my pen." Of
coarse, literature is not a lofty pursuit, bnt an antithesis of
this kind does not recommend itself to me personally.
Tho “ Old TimeB ’’ coach, with its feat of going from
London to Brighton and back in less than eight hours, has
not only revived the old times, as the phrass goes, for speed,
but surpassed them. It seems that anything can be done
(with one exception—that of ballooning) in the way of
locomotion, and also of athletics, quicker and better than it
used to be, if only there is a little money upon it. But savo
in England there would hardly have been such a fuss about a
coach journey. Fourteen miles an hour is certainly a won¬
derful rate for a road vehicle to travel for over a hundred
miles, and the ohanging of four horses in forty-seven seconds—
the time, it is said, that passengers by the “ Old Times "
were allowed to spend in Brighton before the new four-in-
hand started with their heads turned the other way—is a
rapid act. But this passion for coaching seems confined
to us English. It blossomed late, however. The firet coach
was made in Hungary, and called a “ kochy,” from the place
(Kottse) where it was made, so that our children's name for it
(“ coachy-poachy ") is more accurate than is supposed by their
elders. In France tho first coach was manufactured for
Jean Do Lavel de Bois - Dauphin, because his enormous
bulk prevented his riding on horseback. But long after
that Queen Elizabeth had no coach, hut was content to journey
from London to Exeter on a pillion behind the Lord Chan¬
cellor—an historical picture which has yet got to be painted I
believe. In Germany coaches were prohibited in 1588 “be¬
cause,” says the Proclamation of the Duke of Brunswick
“ manly virtue, sincerity, boldness, honesty, and resolution ”
were being lost to the aristocracy through its indolent habit
of travelling on wheels. In Spain the coachmen were done
away with, for a curious reason: the Duke d'Olivares fonud
that a State secret he had communicated to a friend in his
coach had been overheard and revealed by his driver ; where¬
upon a Royal decree was issued by which the place of tho
driver was made similar to that of oar postillion—namely on
the first horse to the left. It is strange, considering how our
gilded youth pant to be coachmen, that none of them yearn
to be postboys.
QUEEN NATALIE OF SERVIA.
The suit now pending for a matrimonial divorce, or a decree
of separation, between King Milan of Serna and his Queen is
referred to an ecclesiastical tribunal of three prelates of the
Greek Church established in that kingdom. In the meantime,
her Majesty has been deprived of the custody of her only
child, the Crown Prince of Servia, who is nearly twelve years
old. Milan Obrenovitch, who was elected reigning Prince of
Scrvia in 1868. and obtained the title of King in 1882, married
on Oct, 17, 1875, Natalie, daughter of the Russian Colonel De
Kecbko and of Princess Pulcheria of Stourdza. The bride¬
groom was. at that time, twenty - one years of age, and
the bride only sixteen. 'Jheir child, Prince Alexander, heir
to the Crown of Scrvia, was born Aug. 4, 1876. The
Queen has never been accused or suspected of any mis¬
behaviour as a wife, but she entertains strong political
sympathies with Russia, which she has persisted in manifest¬
ing by language and correspondence and acts tending to cause
serious embarrassment to the Servian Government; and she
Las continually disobeyed and defied the King’s authority in
this respect. His Majesty has, therefore, demanded a legal
separation on the alleged ground of ** incompatibility of
temper.” The Queen was sojourning at Wiesbaden, in
Germany, when King Milan requested that his son, the Crown
Prince Alexander, might be given up to him : this demand
was approved by the Emperor William II. of Germany, whose
Government sent orders to enforce it, at the same time requiring
the departure of the Queen from Germany. Her Majesty
had attempted to make arrangements for flight with the Crown
Prince; but on Thursday, July 12, the Chief Superintendent
of Police called at her villa at Wiesbaden, to inform her that
the boy would be taken away next day, and that she must go
within a few hours after his departure. The Servian Minister
of War, General Protics, sent by King Milan to fetch the
young Prince, arrived in Germany ; and, on Friday morning,
received the boy, who seemed glad to return to his father. He
was met by King Milan, next day, at a railway-station in
Hungary, and was brought in the evening to Belgrade,
the capital of Servia, amidst great official, military, and
popular demonstrations of welcome. Queen Natalie, having
left Wiesbaden, arrived on Saturday night at Vienna,
where she was met by her sister and Prince Ghika, but
no attention was paid to her by the Austrian Govern¬
ment ; and the Russian Ambassador, Prince Lobanoff, was
the only diplomatic or official personage who called on
her, though many sympathising friends gathered around her
on Sunday, when she attended service in the Rrssian chapel.
Her Majesty left Vienna for Paris on Monday, rnd intends to
go to Florence for some time.
THE NAVAL MANOEUVRES.
The series of manoeuvres, in rehearsal of warlike operations, in
St. George's Channel, and round the coasts of Ireland, to be
commenced on Tuesday, July 24, by two opposed divisions of
the British fleet, one performing the part of an enemy, has
attracted considerable attention. The defending force, under
command of Vice-Admiral Baird, consisting of two squadrons,
the “ A. 1.” squadron and the 4i A. 2.” squadron, the second of
which is commanded by Rear-Admiral Rowley, left Spithead
on Monday, July 16, for Milford Haven and the Firth of Clyde.
The hostile force, composed of the “B. 1.” squadron, under
Rear-Admiral Sir George Tryon, commanding the whole of
this B. fleet, and the “ B. 2.” squadron, under Rear-Admiral
R. O'Brien Fitzroy. on the same day left Portland, the one
squadron for Berehaven, on the south-west coast of Ireland,
the other for Lough Swilly, on the north coast. The jluty of
Admiral Baird's force, the two “ A.” squadrons, is to prevent
tho two divisions of >Sir George Tryon’s force, the “B.”
squadrons, uniting anywhere on the Irish coasts, or, if
they do join, to engage them with superior fighting
power. Our Special Artist furnishes an Illustration of
the united “ B.” squadrons as they lay at Portland, before
going to occupy their posts on the northern and western
shores of Ireland ; consisting of the ironclads Hercules,
Devastation, Ajax, Hero, and Black Prince, in the “ B. 1.”
squadron ; and the Rodney, Invincible, Rupert, Iris, Calypso,
and Warspite. in the “ B. 2.” squadron ; to which several cruisers
and torpedo-boats are attached. The two “ A.” squadrons, of
Admiral Baird's defending force, are stronger in their com¬
position ; the ”A. 1.” including the Northumberland, Beubow,
Collingwood, Conqueror, Monarch, Hotspur, and Northampton;
and the “ A. 2.” having the Agincourt, Inflexible, Neptune,
Belleisle, Iron Duke, and Shannon ; also with cruisers, gun¬
boats, and torpedo-boats._
Admiral Hamilton and General Nicholson, accompanied by
representatives of the War Office and Admiralty, visited Liver¬
pool on July 16, and had a conference with representatives of
public bodies as to the defence of the Mersey.
An afternoon concert was given at Stafford House, by
permission of the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, on
July 18, in aid of the funds of the National Physical Recreation
Society, established for promoting physical recreation,
especially among the working classes. Many distinguished
artistes took part in a very interesting programme.
The Royal Agricultural Show at Nottingham closed on
July 13, when 55,000 persons paid for admission. The total
at tendance (luring the week numbered 167,000. These figures
have been exceeded only on two occasions in the history of the
society—at Manchester in i860, and at Kilbnrn in 1879 . Ino
receipts at the gate daring tho meeting were ovor £10,000.
Her Majesty's Government have awarded a gold shipwreck
medal to Captain A. De Moor, of the Belgian pilot-cutter No. i.
in recognition of his kindness and humanity to the mate and
four of the crew cf the Albert, of Hull, whom he rescued from
the disabled Norwegian brig Rath, on March 19. They have
also awarded a gold shipwreck medal to H. Ghys, pilot, anu
silver shipwreck medals and the sum of £2 each to P. Aspcs-
lugb, assistant-pilot, and H. Nents, apprentice, who manned
the rescuing boat.
THE SILENT MEMBER. THE PLAYHOUSES. AT THE FOOT OF BEN LEDI.
The Martinis of Salisbnry. in entering the House of Lords on
the Twelfth of July, appeared to be so surprised at the
exceptionally large assemblage of Peers, and at the unusual
gathering of Peeresses, that he dropped down on the woolsack,
presumably to enjoy a genial chat on the matter with that
personification of good-humour. Lord Halsbnry. The Duke of
Argyll had indubitably a distinguished audience. Conspicuous
amid the galaxy of noblewomen in the gallery to the left of
the throne was Lord Sherbrooke, still bearing his blushing
honours thick upon him, and escorting Lady Sherbrooke with
the devotion of a husband-lover in tbe first stages of the
honeymoon. Air. Phelps, the American Minister, sat close by
his Lordship. The scene looked all the brighter from the fact
that the diminished Court mourning was relieved by the light
summer hues of many of the ladies’ bonnets and dresses.
His Grace, in rising with some solemnity to move his
resolution approving the action of the Government in pro¬
tecting the loyal subjects of tlio Queen in Ireland, became the
centre of interest. The noble Duke was listened to with
attention by the occupants of the Ministerial and Opposition
benches alike ; Earl Granville, especially engrossed, now and
again turning ronnd to regard his eminent ex-colleague. As
has been his custom of late years, the Duke of Argyll spoke
with the gravity of an inspired prophet. But, alas! his
speech was out of date. It sounded like a lament care¬
fully prepared a couple of years ago in the event of
Mr. Gladstone's anathematised Irish Home-Rule Bill reach¬
ing the Upper Chamber. It had been preceded by a whispered
conference between Lord Knutsford and Lord Rosebery, who
may or may not have agreed to raise no debate on the motion.
Certainly, when the Duke of Argyll sat down after his pro¬
longed lecture, and the Lord Chancellors putting of the
question met with no negative, there was an involuntary
ripple of laughter at the collapse. It was as though his Grace
had oracularly said. “ In the name of the prophets,” and the
House had answered “ Figs! ’’
The need of the new County Council for London was clearly
exemplified on the Thirteenth of July, when the time of the
House of Lords was actually taken up by the purely local
subject of the nightly fair held on the disused burial-ground
adjoining Whitfield's Tabernacle in the Tottenham-conrt-road.
In response to the Earl of Aleath, Lord Brownlow was driven
to admit that, if the scandal conld not be removed by the exist¬
ing law, the Government would have to introduce a Bill to
stop the nuisance. Other matters of minor importance have
distracted attention from subjects of Imperial moment. There
was a notable exception on the Sixteenth of July, when Lord
Knutsford, as Secretary for the Colonies, concurred with the
sentiments of deep regret expressed by the Earl of Carnarvon,
Lord Kimberley, and the Earl of Derby at the death of Sir John
Brand, President of the Orange Free State. Before the House
adjourned, Lord Knutsford had tho satisfaction of reading the
following reassuring telegram from the British officer in com¬
mand at Etahowe, in Znluland :—“ I have relieved Pretorius by
flying column under M‘Kean, establishing post at official
residence. Am taking energetic action against rebel chiefs in
district of coast, restoring good order."
Mr. Parnell, on the Twelfth of July, had to hurry to his
seat in the House of Commons to be in time to interrogate Mr.
W. H. Smith regarding the desired Select Committee to inquire
into the origin of the incriminatory letters the hon. member
for Cork had previously declared to be forgeries. The antici¬
pated discussion was nipped in the bud by Mr. Smith’s
announcement that the Government, whilst maintaining that
the proposed tribunal would not be a suitable one, were
willing to pass an Act appointing a Commission of Inquiry
on the subject, composed wholly or mainly of Judges, with
full powers to investigate the allegations made against Par-
nellite members in the trial of O’Donnell versus Walter.
The heat this grave subject of “ Parnellism and Crime "
engenders in social circles disturbed the ordinarily cool Irish
Nationalist leader himself on the Sixteenth of July. Objecting
to the late hour at which it was proposed to introdnee the
measure for a Commission of Inquiry, Air. Parnell rose to
move the adjournment of the House, in order to enter a lively
protest against the course of the AI inistry on this point. Bat
the hon. member was called repeatedly to order by the
Speaker, and had at length to resume his seat, and bide his
time. The intervening business transacted, Mr. Smith brought
in the Special Commission Bill without naming the Com¬
missioners, and, indeed, without remark. Air. Parnell, who had
bottled up his anger till then, in a fit of virtuous indignation
assailed the Government for their conduct. Quoting the words
used by the Attorney-General in the recent trial respecting the
facsimile letter in the Times , “that without doubt, if un¬
true, it was the worst libel ever published upon a public
man,’’ Air. Parnell increased in warmth, and went on to
accuse Mr. Smith and Sir Richard Webster of making
“ themselves accomplices of this foul and disgraceful libel,"
and claimed the right to fully discuss tho terms of the
measure at a future stage. Calmly refraining from noticing
the personal attack, Air. Smith said Air. Parnell would have
the opportunity he sought on the second rending (fixed for
Monday, the Twenty-third of July), and added that the names
of the Judges would he stated in Committee. In the para¬
mount interests of Parliament itself, it is imperatively neces¬
sary that these terrible charges should be proved or disproved
without further delay.
Air. Ritchie has made so much progress with the Local
Government Bill in Committee that it is on the cards that
there may be no extra Autumn Session after all. Perhaps, the
mere mention of this rod in pickle by Air. Smith caused
debate to bo abbreviated. At any rate, the clauses
regulating the County Council for London (which is not
to have the control of the Metropolitan Police) were passed
in double-quick time. And though the great Ministerial
measure of the Session has since then been encumbered with
a superfluity of petty provisions, which should, in accordance
with the vital spirit of the Bill, have been left to the new
County Councils themselves to settle, the beginning of the end
is nigh. We seem to be within a measurable distance of
prorogation in August.
Alisa Frances Allitscn gave a concert at Alaida-vale, by
permission of Mr. and Mrs. Binnie Smith, on July 19, when
several new songs of her composition were introduced ; and on
the 20th Madame Dukas (Miss Louisa Van Noorden) gave a
concert at Messrs. Collard’s, Grosvenor-street.
Italian enthusiasm waxed high at a dinner given on
■inly 16 to a numerous body of Italian exhibitors and
visitors at the Italian Exhibition in London. The presi-
tot of the reception committee. Colonel J. T. North, was in
the chair, and warmly toasted the distinguished Italian states¬
man on bis right, Signor Bonghi, who replied in an eloquent
S|*ecb laudatory of the Italian Exhibition. In a resonant
"P*ccn- delivered in Italian. Mr. J. R. Whitley dwelt on the
S«w effects of the fine Exhibition he has organised, and called
bpou the company to drink to the health of the Prince of
Naples, their honorary president, whose visit is postponed.
It is an old axiom in theatrical matters that it is only neces¬
sary to abuse a play sufficiently to secure for it a long and
lasting career. Faint praise is death to the drama. Sufficient
laudation or sufficient execration is its life-blood. Seldom
has a work been so roundly abused for its coarseness, brutality,
and vulgarity as Sardous “ La Tosca”; and yet it has done
better and drawn more money than any play ever produced by
the enterprising M. Alayer. In fact, the “ Tosca ” or Sara Bern¬
hardt, the bad play or the good acting, or both, are so success¬
ful that it has been necessary to postpone for a week tbe first
performance of tho new comedy, called “ Francillon,” by
Alexandre Dumas. Only one last word about this wretched
“ Tosca.” It is astonishing to find so many able writers
commenting on Sardou's dialogue with Bpecial favour, and
lauding the work to the skies as a piece of dramatic litera¬
ture. Well; we can only trust our ears. The play is
not printed, so there is no proof to enforce onr argument;
but, judging by the car only, the dialogue of “ La Tosca," both
in its serious and comedy scenes, is about as cheap staff as
was ever turned out by an experienced playwright. It is
exactly in this poverty of dialogue, in this literary depression
and meanness of style, that the play strikes one as so in¬
tolerably vulgar. If ever subject required poetry, or even
theatrical rhetoric, or something rich and grandiloquent in
expression, in order to lift it out of the mire of common¬
place, it is this one. It wants dignity of expression and poetic
prose. But this is exactly what it does not get from Sardon.
He has never yet sold to the pnblic such shoddy. As to litera¬
ture— why, ten times better exercises of literature can bo
found in the old British transpontine plays preserved in the
invaluable stores of Mr. Samnel French, of tho Strand.
The Lyceum Theatre is likely to open again, after Sarah
Bernhardts departure, far sooner than was expected. Mr.
Richard Alansfield had made all his arrangements to start his
autumn campaign with his version of Louis Stevenson’s “ Dr.
Jekyll and Air. Hyde ” about Sept. 3 : but much to his surprise,
he discovers that Mr. Daniel Bandmann intends to forestall
him with another version of the same story, for which purpose
he has taken the Opera Comique Theatre." and advertises that
he intends to open it on Aug. (i (Bank Holiday). Air. Mans¬
field, having ascertained these facts, will by a "desperate effort
posh on in order to anticipate Air. Bandmann's venture, so that
it is not at all improbable that we may have to welcome Mr.
Mansfield very early in August instead of very early in September.
Meanwhile, all our leading theatres are closing their doors.
Mr. Beerbohm Tree, at tho Haymarket, and Mr. Wilson Barrett,
at the Princess's, have both said good-bye to their friends and
promised to return as soon as possible, in good health and with
new plays. This evening (July 21) we shall see the last of
the celebrated Hare and Kendal management at the St. James’s:
the old friends will separate and go on their several ways
rejoicing, amidst feelings- of universal and cordial respect,
only, we trust, to spring up again elsewhere—starting fresh
enterprises with renewed energy. On the same evening Mrs.
Bernard Beere will take her benefit at the Opera Comique,
and relinquish for tho moment the many careB and anxieties
of management.
As matters stand, new plays come out fitfully, and, such as
they are, seem scarcely worth the trouble of prodneing.
For instance, what good purpose is gained by exhibiting in
public, even at a matinee, such a work as “ Conscience," by
Mr. Edward Litton, that wasted a recent afternoon at the
Vaudeville ? It did not require even the eye of an expert
to prove that such a work, ambitions though it might lie, was
not good enough for pnblic representation, and might well
have been left in the author’s desk. But these authors with their
first children are irrepressible. They are like a hen with one
chick. They firmly believe that the managerial protest
against the definite claims of the “great unacted" is a just
one; but, all the same, they have a play which is, perhaps, “ the
best thing of the kind ever seen, etc. ” I They want the
managers to reject everyone else, but to accept them. In
theatrical affairs, the ordinary laws of human nature are
strained. There onght to be a word coined to represent the
sublimation of human vanity.
The strike of match-girls employed by Messrs. Bryant and
May has been settled.
Mr. Haden Corser, of the Oxford Circuit, has jnst been
appointed Recorder of Much Wenlock, in snccession to Mr.
Plowden, recently appointed a Aletropolitan Police Magistrate.
The Leeds Town Council have resolved to purchase the
Coloured Cloth Hall estate, opposite the Wellington Railway
Station, and the block of buildings called Quebec-buildings,
for the purpose of widening and improving the streets—
£ 66,000 to be offered for the Cloth Hall estate, and £38,000 for
the Quebec estate.
The match between the Australians and the English Eleven
at Stoke ended, July 13, in a victory for the Colonists by an
innings and 35 runB. The match between Eton and Harrow
ended at Lord’s, on July 14, in a victory for the Harrovians by
156 runs; and at Kennington Oval the Players defeated the
Gentlemen by an innings and 39 runs. In the ninth match
between England and Australia, which was concluded at
Lord’s on July 17, victory rested with the Colonials, who
defeated the home team by 61 runs. The score now stands—
five matches won by England, two by Australia, and two drawn.
The annual meeting of the governors and friends of the
Reedham Asylum for Fatherless Children was held in the
Cannon-street Hotel on July 17. The chair was occupied by
Mr. Richard Jolly. No regard is paid to the sex or creed of
those elected, but the education is conducted on tho general
principles of Christianity. The total receipts have been
£12,241, which, after defraying all expenses, leaves a balance
in the bank of a little over £1000. Twenty children were
elected, ten boys and ten girls, together with the officers for
the ensuing year.
A large and fashionable congregation assembled on Jnly 17
at St. George's. Hanover-sqnare. to witness the marriage of
Air. Frederick Heygate, son of Sir F. Heygate, Bart., and Afiss
Flora AValter, daughter of Mr. John Walter, the proprietor of
the Times. The ceremony, which was fully choral, was per¬
formed by the Bishop of Derry, assisted by tbe Rev. H. M.
Walter. The bride was conducted to the altar by her
father, and was followed by six bridesmaids—Miss Hey-
gatc, Miss Maud Heygate, Miss APNeile, Miss Amy Erskine,
Alias Farrar, and Aliss Portal. They wore costumes of
white China silk and Valenciennes lace, and white tulle
hats trimmed with Marechal Kiel roses. Each wore a pearl
brooch and oarried a bouquet of yellow roses, the gift of the
bridegroom. Tho bride’s dress was of white crepe-de-Chine,
covered with a deep flounce of old Spanish point lace, the
corsage and train being of white brocaded moire. Her orna¬
ments were diamonds. Mr. R. P. Maxwell acted as best man.—
On the same day the chnrch of Qnidenham, Norfolk, was
crowded on the occasion of the marriages of Afajor Frederick
St. Leger Tottenham and Mr. William Dunbar Blyth to two
of the daughters of tho late Very Rev. Thomas Gamier, Dean
of Lincoln, and Lady Caroline Gamier,
Sit here in tho stern of the boat, and let her drift out on the
glassy waters of the loch. After the long sultry heat of the
day it is pleasant to let one’s fingers trail in these cool waters
and to watch the reflection of the hills above darkening in the
crystal depths below. Happy just now must be the speckled
trout that dwell in the loeh’s clear depths; and when the
fiery-flowering sun is ablaze in the zenith there are few
languishing mortals who will not envy the cool green domain
of the salmon king. But, now that the sunset has died away
upon the hills, like “ the watch-fires of departing angels," a
breath of air begins mysteriously to stir along the shore, and
from the undergrowth about the streamlet that rnns close
by into the loch blackbird and water-ousel are sending forth
more liquid pipings. The cuckoos, that all day long have been
calling to each other across loch and strath, now with a more
restful “chuck! chu-ohn, chu, chuck!” ore flitting, grey
flakes, from coppice to coppice, preparatory to settling for the
night. The blackcocks’ challenge, “ kibeck, kibeck, kibeck 1 ”
can still be heard from their tourney-ground on the moraine
np yonder, at the moor’s edge ; and from the heath above still
comes the silvery “ whorl-whorl-whorl ” of the grouse. For
these sounds con he heard far off in the stillness of the dusk.
But listen to this mighty beating of the waters, and look
yonder ! From the shadow of the hazels on the loch’s margin
comes the royal bird of Juno, pursning his mate. In his
eager haste, he has left the water, and with outstretched neck,
beating air and loch into foam with his silver wings, he rushes
after her. She, with the tantalising coyness of her sex,
has also risen from the water, and, streaming across the
loch, keeps nndiminished the distance between herself and her
pursuer. At this, finding his efforts vain, he gives up the chase,
subsiding upon the surface with a force which sends the foam-
waves curling high about his breast. Disdainfully he turns
his back upon the fair, and without once inclining his
proud black beak in her direction, makes steadily for the shore.
This, however, does not please the lady. She turns, looks after
her inconstant lover, and, meeting with no response, begins
slowly to sail in his direction. Suddenly again at this, with
snowy pinions erect, neck enrved gallantly back, and the high
waves curling from his breast, he surges after her, ploughing
up tbe loch into shining farrows. Again the coy dame flees,
nnd again and again ere nightfall the same amorous manoeuvres
will be gone through. No plebeian affair is the mating of
these imperial denizens of the loch. Seldom do mortals
witness even this wooing of the swans.
More commonplace, though not, perhaps, less happy, are
the three brown ducks and their attentive drake, which having,
one after another, splashed themselves methodically on the flat
stone by the margin of the lake, now swim off in a string for
home. Young trout are making silver circles in the water as
they leap at flies under the grassy bank ; and the keen-winged
little swallows that skim the surface, sometimes tip the glassy
wave with foot or wing.
Before the daylight fades there are beautiful colours to be
seen on shore. The fresh yonng reeds that rise at hand like a
green mist out of the water deepen to a purple tint nearer the
margin. The march dyke that comes down to the shallows is
covered with the red chain-mail of a small-leaved ivy; and the
gean-tree beside it, that a week or two ago raised into the blue
sky creamy coral-branches of blossom, retains still something
of its fragile loveliness. On the stony meadow beyond, tbe golden
whinflower is fading now, but is being replaced by the paler
yellow splendour of the broom. The rich blush-purple of some
heathy banks betrays the delicate blossom of the blaeberry,
and patches of brown show where the young bracken are
uncurling their rusty tips.
And silent and fair on the mountain descends the shadowy
veil of night. Darkening high np there against the sapphire
heaven, the dome-topped hill, keeping watch with the stars,
has treasured for twenty centuries strange memories of an
older world. Whether or not, in the earth's green spring,
it served as a spot of offering for some primeval race, no
man now can tell. But long before the infant Christ drew
breath among the far-off Jewish hills, grave Druid priests
ascended here to offer worship to their Unknown God. On
the holy eve of the First of May the concourse gathered from
near and far, and as the snn, the divine sign-manual set in the
heavens, arose out of the east, they welcomed his rising with
an offering of fire. From sea to sea across dim Scotland, from
the storm-cloven peaks of Arran to the sentinel dome of the
Bass, could be seen this mountain summit; and from every side
the awed inhabitants, as they looked up and beheld the clear
fire-jewel glittering on Ben Ledi’s brow, knew that neaven had
once more favoured them with the sacred gift of flame. For
the light on the mountain-top was understood to be kindled by
the hand of God, as were the altar fires of the Chaldean seers
on the hills of the East of old: every hearth in the land had
been quenched, and the people waited for the new Bal-tein, or
Baal-fire from Heaven, for another year. Rude these people
may have been—though that is by no means certain ; but few
races on earth have had a nobler place of worship than this
altar-mountain, which they called the Hill of God.
The climber on Ben Ledi to-day passes, near the summit,
the scene of a sad, more modern story. On the shoulder of
the mountain lies a small, dark tarn. It is bnt a few yards in
width, yet once it acted a part in a terrible tragedy. Amid
the Bnows of winter, and under a leaden heaven, a fnncral
party was crossing the ridge, when there was a crash; the slow
wail of the pipes changed into a shriek of terror ; and a
hundred monrners, with the dead they were carrying, sank in
the icy waters to rise no more. That single moment sufficed
to leave sixty women hnsbandless in Glen Finglas below. No
tablet on that wind-swept moor records the half-forgotten
disaster ; only the eerie lapping of the lochlet's waves fill the
discoverer with strange foreboding, and at dnsk, it is said, tho
lonely ptarmigan may be seen, like souls of the departed,
haunting the fatal spot.
On a little knoll at the mountain foot, where the Leny
leaves Loch Lubnaig, lies the little Highland burial-place to
which the clansmen were bearing their dead comrade. Only
a low stone wall now remains round the few qniet graves;
but here once stood the chapel of St. Bride, and from tho
Gothic arch of its doorway Scott, in his “ Lady of the Lake,”
describes the issuing of a blithesome rout, gay with pipe-
musio and laughter, when the dripping messenger of Roderick
Dhu rushed up and thrnBt into the hand of the new-made
groom the fiery cross of the Macgregors ;—
The muster-place Is Lanrlck mead;
Speed forth the signal I Norman, speed !
Well did the poet paint the parting of bride and groom; and
to-day on the mossy stones of the little burial-place are to bo
read the wistfnl words of many who have bid each other
since then a last good-bye. Surely the arcana of earth's
divinest happiness is only opened by the golden key of love.
Sweet, indeed, most be that companionship which unclasps
not with resignation even when sunset is fading upon the hills
of life and the shadows are ooming in regretful eyes ; but
would fain stretch forth its yearnings through the pathways
of a Hereafter, gTe.-T,
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON' NEWS, July 21, 1888.—GO
. and
ARMADA TERCENTENARY MEMORIAL.
The committee formed at Plymouth last year, of which the
Mayor of Plymouth is chairman, resolved on erecting an
Armada memorial on Plymouth Hoe. Numerous drawings
were sent in by architects, Bculptors, and others. Opinion was
at first divided between a column with figures, bas-reliefs, and
medallions, or the adaptation of the present statue of Drake,
inaugurated five years ago, as the central figure in an Armada
memorial. It was felt, however, that whatever form might
be adopted, it should be representative of the chief per¬
sonages who figure in the history of that great con¬
flict, and it should also place upon record the name!
the cities and towns which contributed ships, m
money for the defence of the country. Afte
deliberation and consideration of many suggestions, the
committee decided that, with the sanction of the proper
authorities, a permanent monument, to be called the Armada
Memorial, to perpetuate the brave deeds of the men who nobly
defended their country in a grave time of peril, should be
erected on Plymouth Hoe. In response to public advertise¬
ments, the committee obtained designs for the proposed
memorial. From amongst a large number of suitable and
well-executed drawings, the design of Mr. Herbert A. Dribble.
A.R.I.B.A., of South Kensington, architect of the Broinpnm
Oratory, was selected. It is bold in its conception and treat¬
ment, symbolical in its character, eminently patriotic in
spirit, and highly effective as a work of art. This design, a-
shown in the accompanying Illustration, consists of a granite
pedestal, 35 ft. in height, surmounted by a figure of Britannia,
with the shield of the three crosses, a banner and trident in
her left hand, and in her right a sword. Below are twelve
wreaths of laurel, and in the panels of the shaft, medallion
portraits of Howard, Drake. Hawkins, Raleigh, Seymour.
Win tour, Frobisher, and others, with their respective coats-nt-
arms. The south panel in the base lias a bronze bas-relief, ill lis¬
trating the destructionof the Spanish Fleet, with the inscription.
“ He blew with His wind and they were scattered.” On each
side of this bas-relief is a statue, one representing Valour, and
the other Vigilance. The central ornament consists of the un¬
veiled arms of England, as used at the period, with the crown
of Queen Elizabeth. On the north side it is proposed to place
the arms of England of the present day, with the crown of
the Qneen-Empress Victoria, thus connecting the two gnat
eras in English history—the Elizabethan and Victorian—which
idea is also symbolised by the shield of the three crosses,
popularly known as the Union Jack, held by Britannia oil ihc
top of the pedestal. Running around the base will be a Seri'-'
of shields, bearing the arms of cities and towns which con¬
tributed to the defence of the country in 1588, together wo h
those of the principal families whose ancestors served in ihe
English fleet under Lord Howard of Effingham and the other
Admirals Drake, Hawkins, and Seymour. The cities, towns,
and families here represented are simply suggestive, and
are by no means finally decided upon, being subject to any , -
alteration that may hereafter be deemed necessary. -
There will also be an inscription recording the names of
the principal vessels engaged, and their commanders, in
order that the memorial may be thoroughly repre¬
sentative and instructive in its character. The total
estimated cost of the completed memorial as here de¬
scribed will be about £3.300. If, however, this amount is not
forthcoming—a contingency which the committee do not
regard as at all probable—only such portions will be proceeded
with as may be warranted by the available funds. It is hoped
that the cities, towns, and representatives of the families of
the Elizabethan heroes will undertake to famish any portions
of the memorial (as the shields, medallions, and bas-reliefs)
Wf • •-
THE PROPOSED ARMADA MEMORIAL, PLYMOUTH.
with which they may be more closely identified, or in which
they may feel most interested. A record of all such inde¬
pendent aid will be duly noted. With this object in view, the
committee have obtained separate estimates of the cost of the
several portions, particulars of which may be obtained of the
lion, secretary. Mr. W. H. K. Wright, Drake Chamber, Plymouth.
The national anil patriotic commemoration of the three-
hundredth anniversary of the defeat of the Spanish Armada
has been commenced at Plymouth. It was rightly aniT
naturally first taken up iu that town, the port in which
the English fleet, nnder command of Lord Charles Howard
Lord Howard of Effingham, assembled for the defence of the
country, and from which, the news of the approach of the
enemy off the Cornish coast having arrived thereon July 19
1588. the fleet sailed early next morning to begin the ten davs !
fighting in the Channel. Plymouth was also the birthplace of
Sir John Hawkins, the Rear-Admiral of this fleet and chief
manager of the Navy, to whoBe administrative labours the
construction and equipment of the. most powerful shins
engaged on this occasion were mainly dne, and who in per
sotial command of the Victory, and of the squadron that
followed her flag, bore a part second only to Lord Howard
of Effingham in the actual conflicts of the first seven
days. Sir Francis Drake, commanding the Revenge though
with the rank of Vice-Admiral, led a squadron composed of
privateers from the western ports, whose armament was not
capable of engaging with larger Spanish galleons ; and Drake
himself, by leaving the fleet while he went in chase of certain
Flemish merchant-vessels, after the first encounter, lost the
opportunity of sharing in the fights off Portland and the Isle
of Wight. It was not till the evening of July 27, off Calais
Drake having meantime rejoined the fleet, that the whole
English force was brought together ; Lord Henry Seymour
and Sir William Wintour, with the ships on guard between
Duugeness and Dover, then crossed the Straits, and beset the
enemy’s fleet in Calais Roads. Admiral Sir William Wintour—
the name has frequently been spelt Wynter—commanding the
Vanguard, proposed the use of fire-ships, in the night, to
drive the Spaniards from their moorings. In the great
hat t ie off Gravelines, on July 29, when the Armada was
crushed and shattered hy a fierce cannonade at close
quarters from nine in the morning till six in the evening. Sir
Francis Drake, in the Ileveuge. with Hawkins, in the Victory,
and Martin Frobisher, in the Triumph, gave the first charge]
followed by Lord Henry Seymour, in the Rainbow, Sir William
W'vnter (Wintour), in the Vanguard, and Sir Henry Palmer,
in the Antelope, but every one of those above named took part
in this final conflict. Sir Robert Southwell, Lord Thomas
Howard, Edmund, Lord Sheffield, and the Earl of Cumberland,
also performed brave feats of war on several occasions in that
week.
Tt is interesting to know that, besides the noble families
of Howard and Seymour, now represented by the Earl of
Ellingham, the Duke of Norfolk, and the Duke of Somerset,
who are vice-presidents of the Tercentenary Commemoration,
among the committee formed on this occasion are Dr. H. H.
l)i ike, Major Martin Frobisher, and Captain T. F. Wintour, of
I tyde, descendants of the families whose names were rendered
llustrious by the brave seamen of the Elizabethan age. The
nef representative of the Drakes is Sir Francis Fuller-
EUiott-Drake, Bart., of Nutwell Court, Lympstone, near
Exeter, who also claims descent from Admiral Elliott,
■ Lord Heathfield, the hero of Gibraltar. The Wintour
V family, of which the present head is the Rev. G
Wintour, Rector of Ironbridge, Shropshire, is of very
ancient British origin, being derived probably from the
Castellan of the ‘‘Gwyn Tour,” the White Tower, at Car¬
narvon ; but knights and nobles of that name, perhaps
of French extraction, are mentioned in the reigns of Henry f.
and Edward II., and in the wars of Edward III. In the reign
of Edward VI. Commodore Wintour gallantly defended Jersey
against a French attack, which is related by Speed and other
chroniclers of the time. Queen Elizabeth, on her accession in
15.VJ, appointed this officer, Admiral Sir William Wintour,
Master of the Naval Stores : and he commanded the fleet in
the Firth of Forth to expel the French from Leith. He was
BRIGHTON AND BACK IN EIGHT HOURS BY THE " OUD TIMES" COACH: PASSING CUCKFIELD PARK.
02
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 201
associated with Sir John Hawkins, in 1562, in a scheme to open
a new trade with Guinea, Hispaniola, and Porto Rico (not
unconnected, we fear, with the slave trade). In 1567, Sir
William Wintonr and Sir Thomas Smith were the Commis¬
sioners sent to France to demand the restitution of Calais
according to treaty. In the next year, Sir William intercepted
a Genoese vessel bringing an immense sum of money from
Spain to the Netherlands, to be used in putting down tho
Dutch revolt. He was in Parliament in 1575. taking an active
part in financial, commercial, and political business, and
especially in that concerning maritime affairs. Captain
Wintonr. who accompanied Sir Humphrey Gilbert's dis¬
astrous expedition to North America in 15.33, and Sir Francis
Drake's expedition to Portugal, may have been a son of Sir
William. The Admiral's performances, as second in command
to Lord Henry Seymour, in tho great action of July 29, 1583,
against the Spanish Armada, were the crowning glory of his
career. On board his ship, the Vanguard, was Lieutenant
John Wintour; and the scene of this ship going into action
is the subject of Sir Oswald Brierlv’s well-known picture.
Two of the most formidable Spanish galleons, tho San Mattco
of Don Diego do Pimentel, and the San Felipe of Don Francesco
de Toledo, were crippled by the shot from the Vanguard, which
lay " most times within speaking distance " of the enemy, and
which discharged “ five hundred shot of detni-cannon cnlverin
and deini-cnlverin." When the remnant of the Armada fled
into the North Sea, LortI Henry Seymour's division of our fleet
was ordered to the month of the Thames, and thence to Harwich,
to prevent either its return, if the wind had changed, or tho
Prince of Parma crossing from Flanders, if the sea Itecame
calm. Sir William Wintour was then appointed Vice-Admiral
of England, and the Queen granted to him the manor of Lydney,
in Gloucestershire, where he built a stately mansion, but died
in I5S9 ; he had sat in the House of Commons for Portsmouth,
and afterwards for the county of Gloucester. He was suc¬
ceeded by his son. Sir Edward Wintour, who was an important
personage, and whose son, Sir John Wintour, figures conspicu¬
ously in the history of the Civil Wars of Charles I. as one of
the most zealous and valiant Royalist commanders. Sir John
Wintour's estates and mansion were confiscated by vote of the
House of Commons in 1648. His personal achievements and
adventures, both at the siege of Gloucester and in subsequent
campaigns in the valleysof the Severn and the Wye,are related
in local history, and are of a sufficiently romantic character.
With regard to the descendants of Sir John Hawkins, there
are some interesting particulars furnished by Miss Hawkins,
in tho valuable "Armada Commemoration Number" of the
\\\*h rn Aiilit/nari/. published at Plymouth, and edited by Mr.
W. II. K. Wright. Borough Librarian. Richard Hawkins,
only son of Sir John, also in the conflict with the Armada, in
command of a vessel cal Us] the Swallow, behaved with extra¬
ordinary courage. Five years after that, he led an expedition
through the Straits of Magellan to the South Seas, discovered
new lands, and was captured, after three days' hard fighting,
by a greatly superior force of Spaniards ; he was taken to
Seville, and was detained a prisoner nearly nine years ; on his
release, he became Mayor of Plymouth, M.P. for that borough,
was knighted and made Vice-Admiral, and lived in State at his
house of Poole, near Slapton, in South Devon. Mr. R. Stuart
Hawkins is the present living representative of the family,
which has for centuries been associated with the good town of
Plymouth. _
THE “OLD TIMES” BRIGHTON COACH.
In the “ old times," of which all have read, if not in Queen’s
Jubilee histories of the beginning of Victoria's reign, at least
in the early stories told by Charles Dickens—in the old times
which some of us can personally remember—well-appointed
mail-coaches performed the longest journeys nt the rate, in¬
cluding all stoppages, of more than ten miles an hour, while
special post-chaises could do more than eleven miles an honr ;
and it was very pleasant in fine weather. Tho distance by
road from Piccadilly, the “ White Horse Cellars.” to the Old
Ship Hotel, Brighton, is fifty-four miles; it was done in 1837,
by the Quicksilver mail, carrying the Queen's first Speech at
the opening of Parliament, in three hours and forty minutes.
His Majesty George IV., when Prince Regent, once drove it in
four hours and a half. The high art of coachmanship is not
yet extinct, nor has the breed of good roadsters degenerated in
England, though all serious journeys are now done by rail¬
way. From London to Brighton and back in eight hours
is a speed worthy of the "Old Times” coach, and of Mr.
James Selby, its veteran regular driver. At the late
Ascot race-meeting, the proprietors of this coach accepted a
sporting bet of £1000 to £500 that it could not be done. They
handsomely resolved to give Mr. Selby tho £1000 if he won
the bet. On Friday, July 13, thiB feat was successfully accom¬
plished. The coach started at ten o'clock from Hatchett's
Hotel, carrying six passengers—namely, Mr. M'Adam and Mr.
Beckett, the owners, Mr. Carleton Blyth, Mr. Waller Dickson,
Mr. W. P. Cosier, and Mr. Alfred Broadwood, with the guard,
Walter Godden. It went down Grosvenor-place and along
Buckingham Palace-road, over the Chelsea Suspension-bridge,
to Streatham, changed horses, then on to Croydon, Purlcy
Bottom (change horses). Merstham, Redbill, Horley, Crawley,
Cuckficld, Friars’ Oak, and Patcham, changing teams
at these and one or two other places. The run from
Cuckfield to Friars' Oak was done at a gallop. The
coach arrived at the Old Ship nt three minntes to 2 p.m., having
accomplished the journey jnst under four hours. The stay at
Brighton was only momentary, the horses were merely turned
round, and a few telegrams handed up. The coach started
homeward amidst hearty cheers, came back by the same route,
and Selby brought his party safe to town in splendid style,
arriving at Piccadilly at 5.50, or ten minutes under the
stipulated time to win the bet. Many members of the Coaching
Club were present at ita arrival in London.
The officers of the Exchequer and Audit Department have
presented their old chief, Sir William Dunbar, with an
illuminated address, as a token of their esteem and regard.
Mr. Lewis T. Dibdin, of Lincoln's Inn, has been appointed
to the Chancellorship of Exeter diocese, vacant by the death
of Archdeacon Phillpotts. Mr. Dibdin is Chancellor of the
diocese of Rochester.
Lord Aberdare presided on July 14 at the sixty-fourth
nnnnal meeting of the Society for the Prevention of Crnelty
to Animals, held at their offices. Jermyn-strect. In the after¬
noon a meeting was held in St. James's Hall, where tho
Duchess of Albany presented the principal prizes gained in
the past year's competition by pupils and teachers. Her Royal
Highness was presented with numerous bouquets of flowers.
The fifteenth annual show, for working men and their
families, was held on July 14 in the Board Schools, Oxford-
gardens, Xotting-hill. About £60 was awarded in prizes. £ 10
going to children, and the remainder to adults. The show
was a very creditable one. and the exhibits were of a varied
character, including flowers, needlework, and specimens of
cookery. The prizes w.-ro distributed by Sir Philip Cunliffe-
Owen.
ALEXANDER POPE.
Two hundred years ago Alexander Pope was bom ; and. as
commemorations are the custom of the day. the poet s birth
is being celebrated at Twickenham, a spot with which
his name is as much associated ns the name of Shakspeare with
Stratford, or that of Scott with Abbotsford. There he lived
for fivc-nml-twenty years, cultivating his quincunx and his
vines adding daily to the glitter of his famous grotto, and
enjoving. with the first men of the age, "the feast of reason
and the flow of soul.” Chiefs out of war and statesmen out of
place sauntered on his lawns : and at his table the Prince of
Wales talked about poetry till he sent the poet to sleep. There,
too, came Swift, the most powerful intellect of the age ; and
there Voltaire's gross talk drove Pope's mother from the room.
The villa at Twickenham was the scene of the poet's most
brilliant triumphs as a satirist. That quiet retreat on tho
Thames did not soften his asperities, and many of his sharpest
bits of satire must have been written under influences that
would have soothed and reconciled a less irritable spirit. At
Twickenham Pope died, after a lifelong battle with dunces and
with disease ; and if there is now nothing left to remind us of
him beyond his grotto, ora piece of it, no lover of literature
can visit the place without many a thought of tho fiery little
poet who sang and, suffered there.
The fame of Pope has been assailed for more than a century,
but without serious effect; and while critics have proved, or
think they have conclusively proved, that he is no poet, there
are still readers who find an exquisite enjoyment in his verse.
We have had in the present century poets who are immeasur¬
ably superior to Pope in imagination and harmony; but he
holds his own in spite of them, and Mr. Swinburne is, I think,
right in saying that "matched on his own ground he never
has been nor can be ! ”
Few men of letters ever fought against greater obstacles in
the struggle of life or conquered them more gallantly. He
was deformed and sickly, and, in his later years at least, so
feeble that his body bad to be supported in stays. He could
not rise to dress himself without help. His legs were so
slender that he wore three pairs of stockings, which he was
unable to draw on and off without assistance, and his seat had
to be raised to bring him to a level with common tables.
Pope, moreover, was a Roman Catholic, at a time when those
who held that faith suffered many privations: aud, coming
of a comparatively humble stock, had none of the advantages
of birth. He was self-educated, too, and every step he
advanced in life was due to his own energy and genius.
Before he was thirty Pope had translated the “ Iliad,"
and was regarded as the chief living poet of his country ; and,
^jom that time to his death, the first men anil women of tho
age were either proud to be his friends or in mortal dread of
his enmity. His compliments, it has been well said, are
divine, and his revenge is deadly. By a word of discriminative
praise he confers a poetical immortality ; by n word uttered
against a foe he makes that foe contemptible. Swift and
Arbuthnot, Gay and Bothell, Atterbury and Bolingbroke, gain
double honour by his rhymes ; and in them, too, the poet's real
or imaginary enemies, Lord Harvey, Colley Cibber, the famous
" Lady Mary," Nahum Tate, Blackmore, and many others are
held up to ridicule or execration. Like all satirists, Pope is
sometimes grossly unjust; but a strong personal feeling, a
white heat of passion, makes his satirical power tremendous.
He does not shoot his arrows into the air, but aims them
directly at tho mark, and seldom misses it. To be “ hitched ”
into Pope's rhyme in this way was an infliction which few
men could bear with equanimity.
The personal feeling which inspired so much of Pope’s
verse gave it instant notoriety. Men don't always object to see
even their best friends slashed at by a consummate wit, and in
everything the poet wrote the Town found food for talk. This
love of a little scandal, however, is not now, nor was it in his
lifetime, the secret of Pope's power. He would have been
forgotten as speedily as Churchill was forgotten if it were not
for the art that lives in every line, for a style so exquisite
that it confers a lasting beauty even upon common-place ideas.
Nothing can surpass the dainty skill with which he sketches a
character or catches a passing fancy and secures it to us for
ever. He is the master of phrases and of couplets. There is
no waste in his wit; every line tells, and, mingled with the
scorn, the sarcasm, the allusions that made many a public man
of the day wince, there iB an occasional elevation of tone that
forces us to forget the satirist in tho poet. A satirist un¬
equalled in England, unless it be by Dryden, he had, what
" glorious John" had not, the most sportive and lively fancy ;
add to this, pathos, though not of the highest order, the finest
wit and an ease of expression which conceals the subtlest Benso
of art, and we see why Pope is still so dear to the lover of
literature. He is the poet for common moods; and, as
men rarely rise into tho higher regions of thought, ho
is the poet for every-day service. It is simply amazing to note
how his phrases arc employed in that service. If wc except
Shakspeare, no English author's words arc so frequently on
our lips, and so liannt our memories. People quote them with¬
out knowing whence they come. Is there one of my readers
who is not familiar with such lines as the following :—
“ The proper study of mankind is man.”
“ Order is heaven's first law."
" Who shall decide when doctors disagree .’ "
“ A little learning is a dangerous thing."
“ An honest man’s the noblest work of God.”
“ To err is human ; to forgive, divine."
“ The last and greatest art—the art to blot.”
Scores of lines equally familiar—and the reader, if ho pleases,
may say equally commonplace—may bo quoted which have
the singular merit of sticking to the memory. We may forget
the lovely mnsic of a Shelley or a Coleridge, but Pope's lines
and couplets are at all times available. Bank-notes and gold
are not always at hand when wanted ; but most of us, it is to
be hoped, have some silver in our pockets for daily use. Aud
Pope has his gold too. His “ Rape of the Lock ” is the most
exquisite thing of the kind in the language: the closing lines
of the "Dunciad" are majestic : and sometimes there is a high
moral tone, or an utterance of human sympathy, expressed so
nobly that the reader feels he is in the presence of a poet as
dignified os he is impressive. The two lines—
Never elate! while one man 5 oppress'd,
Never deje-ted while another *s blessed—
are, in Mr. Raskin’s judgment, " the most complete, tho most
concise, and the most lofty expression of moral temper exist¬
ing in English words.” This may be an exaggeration; but
amidst much that is offensive—and, it is to be feared, in¬
sincere—in Pope, there is frequently a noble strain of poetry,
which satisfies the heart as well as the intellect.
With all his defects, then—anil his sins are many—Pope
has a great name in English literature : and to recognise tho
genius of such a man publicly seems a reasonable thing to do.
We have had greater poets, and many a better man ; but Pope,
too, belongs to the noble list of English worthies, and it is well
for onr sxkes, if not for his. since a poet's poems are his best
monument, that, in the spot ho loved so well, some honour
should be paid to his memory. j, qy
THE WIMBLEDON MEETING.
In spite of wind and rain, the scores generally on July ]i
higher than in previous years, especially in the competition
for the Queens Prize. Private Lewis.4th Devon, stood at th
head of the list, with an aggregate of 68 out of a possible 7 »
Highest, possible scores were also made for the Holford Per'
rinet. and Windmill Prizes. After evening gunfire a n-as
meeting of Volunteers was held in the Pell Tent, to consider
the future locale of the association's annual gathering qi,I
tent was densely packed. Lord Wantage presided ; and amonv
those on the platform were the Earl of Wcmyss, Viscount
Bury, the Lord Advocate of Scotland. Kir Henrv Fletcher and
many members of the council. The proceedings, though not
absolutely unanimous in favour of Richmond Park as the
future site, were most enthusiastic, perhaps llio only difference
of opinion being that an effort might even yet be made to
continue the meetings at Wimbledon.
The shooting was again remarkably good on the 12th I he
scores for the Queen’s 300 averaging quite two points higher
than those of last year. The Bronze Medal was wou by
Lieutenant Barrett, of the Argyllshire and Sutherland High¬
landers, with an aggregate of 1)6 points. Major McKerrcll
Ayrshire, made a highest possible score at 6<;d yards. The
Martin's Cup was won by Captain Timmins. 2nd Cheshire,who
also made all bull's-eyes. Several highest possible scons were
made in ct'icr competitions, the most noteworthy being ten
successive bull's-eyes by Captain Thorburn, of Peebles, for the
Cnrtis and Harvey- prize, at 1000 yards.
Notwithstanding the improvement in the weather the
scores were lower on the 13th than on any previous day of the
meeting. In the contest for the Daily V'rlnjm/ih Cup ten men
attained the highest possible score of 35, and two of these—
Lieutenant Brown. 3rd Lanark, and Captain Morrison, 1st
Sutherland—again tied, each with three bull's-eyes.
The second stage of the Queen's Prize concluded on the
14th, with the result that four moil completed aggregate
scores of 201 each—Ingram, of Lanark ; Xoakcs, of 1st Derby;
Cooper, of Exeter ; and Bates, of Warwick—and one of 2(H)
came next. Lieutenant Barrett, the winner of the bronze medal,
came out with ouly 1!I3. Corporal Xoakes won the tie on shoot
ing off, and takes the silver medal. Colour-Sergeant Smith.
3rd West Surrey, won the first prizo in the Prince of Wales's
competition, the second being secured by Private Rodger,
1st Roxburgh and Selkirk. In the match between Lords ami
Commons, two a side, the latter were victors by 145 to 121.
Captain Morrison, 1st Sutherland, won the Daily TrU-graph
Cup, after a most exciting contest: the Lancashire team tho
China Cup ; and the 1st Renfrew the Belgian Cup for volley
firing. Tho eleven men who made scores of 34 points each for
the St. George's Prizes on Friday shot off the ties on Saturday,
with the result that the Vase, Dragon Cup, Gold Jewel, and
£3(1 were won by Colour-Sergeant Ford, 3rd South Slafford-
shirc; the Silver Jewel. Silver Salver, and £2.3 fell to Sergeant-
Major Darker. 2nd Sub-Division R.A.; and the Bronze Cress.
Silver Cup, and £20 to Lieutenant Dalglish, 3rd Lanark.
Divine service was held on Sunday morning, July 15, at
the Umbrella Tent, where contingents from the various
Volunteer battalions in camp and a large number of visitors
were assembled, although at the time rain was descending in
torrents. The band of tho London Rifle Brigade was in
attendance, and the preliminary part of the service was con¬
ducted by the Rev. A. Gray. A short but appropriate sermon
was preached by the Rev. W. M. Bottom.
On Monday, the Kith, the National Challenge Trophy, com¬
peted for by teams representing England, Ireland, Scotland,
and Wales, was won by Scotland—England being second,
Ireland third, and Wales fourth. The Mullens' Prize, shot
for by teams from each battalion at unknown distances, was
carried off by the 1st Liverpool; and the United Hospital
Challenge Cnp by the St. Thomas's men, who were the victors
last year. The Wimbledon Cup was won by Mr. Whitehead,
of Bury, Lancashire, with 7o points, at 10O0 yards range. The
Wilmot Prize, for aggregate scores nt 500 and 600 yards, was
won by Lieutenant More, 1st Northumberland; the gold
medal for the Grand Aggregate by Lieutenant Barrett. 5th
Argyleand Sutherland. 337 points , All-comers' Aggregate by
Private W. Ward, 4th Devon, 136 ; the Nursery Aggregate by
Private Lanrie, 7th Royal Scots, 93 ; and the Hop Bitters
Aggregate by Captain Arnell. 5th Hants. 157.
In dull and showery weather on July 17 tho Queen’s Prize
was won by Private Fulton. Queen's Westminster, who made
a total score of 230—six points above Lieutenant Warren's last
year’s record. Tho second place was taken by Lance-Corporal
Noakes, 1st Berks, with 279 marks ; Private Wattleworth, 2nd
Liverpool, coming third, with 278. The principal prize given
by the Secretary for War fell to Corporal Barrett. 1st Oxford,
with 35 points, Lieutenant Fremantle, 1st Bucks, being second,
with 34. Sergeant Prior, 4th Hants, won tho first prize of the
Armourers’ Company with 32 points, there being two other
scores of equal amount. Tho Atkinson Prize went to Major
McKerrell, with a highest possible ; and the Field Memorial
Challenge Cap. contested by past, and present members of
the " Twenties.” was taken by Private Kydd. The principal
City Corporation prizes were taken by Sergeants Wilson, Short,
and Duncan, and Lieutenant Chamberlain, all of Canada.
The chief items on July 18 were competitions for the
United Service Cnp, the Chancellor's Plate, and tho Kolapore
Cup.
The Princess of Wales presides at the distribution cf
prizes ou tho afternoon of July 21, at five o'clock.
The Queen has conferred the Silver Jubilee Medal upon
Superintendent Hayes, chief of the Windsor Borough police.
Mr. Maunde Thompson has been appointed Chief Librar.an
at the British Museum.
The race for the Wingfield Sculls took place on July K>,
from Putney to Mortlnke, Guy Nickalls, of Magdalen College,
Oxford, defeating J. C. Gardner, of Emmanuel College,
Cambridge.
Among the donations that have recently been promised
towards tho funds of the South London Polytechnic Institutes,
is one of £1000 from the firm of Messrs. Rothschild, and a
similar snm from Messrs. Baring.
A complimentary banquet was given to Sir John Whittaker
Ellis, M.P., on July 16, at the Star and Garter Hotel, Ricbmond-
hill, by the inhabitants of Richmond and its neighbourhood,
in recognition of his recent gift of the Castle-hill Hotel
property to Richmond. A handsome service of plote, con¬
sisting of three Monteith bowls and a loving-cnp, al 1 in silver-
gilt, was present 'd to Sir J. W. Ellis at the banquet. The chair
was taken by the Duke of Cambridge.
A magnificent sturgeon was captured in the Dee on July I d-
Two men were engaged in catching salmon, near Sandecroft,
Hawarden, when they s.cured an enormous fish in their
trammel-net. They landed it afrer a long struggle, and found
it to be a sturgeon weighing 20(> lb. It is over 5 ft. long, and
as thick as a man's body. It is supposed to be the largot
specimen ever caught in I he Dee. A smaller fish, weighing
153 lb., was taken two years back.
JULY 21, 18S8
63
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OBITUARY.
SIR JOHN HARDY, BART.
Sir John Hardy, Bart, of Dunsfcall Hall, in the county of
Stafford, died at his residence, 22, South-street,
Park-lane, on July 1), He was bom Feb. 23.
I SOD, the eldest son of Mr. John Hardy, of
Dnnstall Hall, Bencher of the Inner Temple, by
Isabel, his wife, daughter of Mr. Richard
1 G a. home, of Kirkby Lonsdale, in Westmorland.
ind was brother of the fi.stand present Viscount
■jOmnbrook, P.G.. G.0.9.1. lie was educated at
I Oriel College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A.
| in 1831, and proceeded to M.A. in 1834 ; was a
J Justice of the Peace for Staffordshire and the
w West Riding of Yorkshire, High Sheriff for the
former county in 1878 ; and represented Mid-
hurst in Parliament in 1859 ; Dartmouth, 1800 to ISOS ; and
South Warwick, 1808 to 1874. He married, Aug. 13, 1840.
Laura, third daughter of Mr. William Holbech, of Farnborough,
Warwickshire, by whom, who died Jan. ID, 1885, he leaves,
with other issue, a son. now Sir Reginald Hardy, second Baronet,
who married, in 1870. Lucy Marion, youngest daughter of
Captain John Neil son Gladstone, R.N., M.P., of Bowden Park,
Wilts, brother of the Right Hon. William Ewart Gladstone. M.P.
The title was conferred on the late Baronet on Feb. 23, 1870.
SIR CHARLES JEPHSON-NORREYS, BART.
Sir Charles Denham Orlando Jephson-Norreys, fivst Baronet, of
Mallow Castle, in the county of Cork, died
suddenly at Queenstown on July 10. He was
born in 17DD, son of the late Lieutenant-Colonel
William Jephson, by Louisa, his third wife,
daughtar of Mr. C. Kensington, of Blackheath ;
1 was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford,
3 where he took his degree in 1820; and having
1 assumed by Royal license the additional
I surname and arm9 of Xorreys. he was created a
I Baronet in 1838. He was a Deputy-Lieuteuant
r and Justice of the Peace for Cork, and re¬
presented Mallow in the Liberal interest from
1820 to 1859. He married in 1821. Catherine
Cecilia Jane, daughter of the late Mr. William Franks, of
Carrig, near Cork, which lady died in 1853, leaving, with two
daughters, a son, Denham William, who was born in 1821, and
died last May, consequently Sir Charles's baronetcy becomes
extinct.
GENERAL PENNY'CITCK.
General James Farrell Pennycuick, C.B., Royal Artillery, died
on July 0. aged fifty-nine. He was the eldest son of the late
Brigadier-General John Pennycuick, C.B., K.H., of Logic, who
commanded a brigade in the Sikh War of 1849, and fell, with
his youngest son. in the battle of Chillianwallah. lie ent3red
the Army in 1847, became Captain and Major in 1854,
Lieutenant-Colonel in 18(51, Colonel in 18(59, Major-General in
18S0, Lieutenant-General in 1885, and General in 1S8(J. IIo
served in the Crimean campaign. 1854. including the battle of
Inkermann and the siege and fall of .Sebastojjol. for which he
received a medal with two clasps. Sardinian and Turkish
medals, and the fifth class of the Medjidieh. He next served in
the Indian campaign of 1857-58, including the relief of
Lucknow by Lord Clyde, the battle of Cawnpore, the actions
of Seria Ghat, Chanda, Sul tan pore, the siege and capture of
Lucknow, and the action of Barree, for which services he was
given a-medal with two clasps. lie next served with the
expedition to China in 18(50, and was present at Tangku, the
capture of Taku Forts, and the surrender of Pekin. He was
created a C.B. in 1809. Ho married, in 18(51. Janie, eldest
daughter of the late Mr. William Rutledge, of Farnham Park,
Victoria, Australia, and leaves issue.
THE KEY. G. R. GLEIG.
The Rev. George Robert Glcig, M.A., late Chaplain-General of
the Forces, died at his residence, Bylands, near Winchfield,
on July 9, in his ninety-third year. The late Mr. Gleig
served in the Peninsular Campaign of 1813-14 as a subaltern
in the 85th Foot. He was present at the siege of Sail
Sebastian, the passage of the Bidassoa, the battle of the
Xivello, the battle of the Nive, aud the investment of
Bay on u.\ f’or his services in these campaigns he received
the Peninsular War medal, with three clasps. Subsequently
he was employed in the American War, at Bladensburg. Balti¬
more, New Orleans, and Fort Bowyer. After the conclusion
of peace Mr. Gleig quitted the Army and proceeded to
Oxford, and became a member of Balliol College. Ho
graduated M.A. at that University in 1819, and was ordained
priest by the Archbishop of Canterbury the following year,
when he wa* appointed Rector of Ivychurch, Kent, and Per-
petnal Curate of Ash in 1822. He was appointed Chaplain of
Chelsea Hospital in 1834, Principal Chaplain to the Force* in
1844, and Chaplain-General in 184(1, which latter appointment
he held till April, 1875, when he retired on account of his
increasing years. lie was Inspector - General of Military
Schools from IS 4:» to 1858. and became a Prebendaryof St Paul's
i.i I 51L He was the author of numerous educational works.
We hav.a also to record the deaths of —
The Rev. Charles Saltren Willett, M. A., Vicar of Mouckleigh,
Devon, on July 3, suddenly.
Admiral the Hon. Sir Edward Alfred John Harm. K.C.B.,
brother of the Earl of Malmesbury, at Fondling Park, his seat
nearHythe, Kent, on July 17.
Lady Dyke (Elizabeth), widow of Sir Percy vail Hart Dyke,
sixth Baronet, and youngest daughter of Mr. John Wells, of
Biekley Park, Kent, at 34, Hill-street, on July 10.
Lady Briggs (Amelia), wife of Sir John Henry Briggs, late
of the Admiralty, and eldest daughter of Mr. Charles Hopkinson,
at 11, Tisbury-road, West Brighton, on July 10.
The Rev. Adolphus Augustus Tumour, for twentj’-seven
years Vicar of Ellenhall, Staffordshire, on July 7, aged sixty-
nve. He was the fourth son of the Hon. and Rev. Adolphus
Augustus Tumour, third son of Edward, second Earl Wiuterton.
The Dowager Lady Sudeley, on July 14, at her house in
Uiesham- place, aged seventy-eight. She was the second
daughter of the late Mr. George Hay Dawkins-Pennant, of
i enrnyn Castle, and married Thomas Charles, second Lord
‘ udeley, in August, 1831, and was left a widow in 18(53.
t p JIr * Micklethwait, of Ardsley House, Barnsley,
* & n< J D L., on July 9, aged fifty-seven. He was the eldest
*?!! 0 . “ r * John Micklethwait. of Ardslev House, and Thorn-
Vl , ’ m the county of York. Lord of the Manor of Ardslev,
ana was brother of Mr. John Pollard Micklethwait, of Penhein,
m the county of Monmouth, J.P.
TT / Mri j' ,r Alexander Crombie, late 72nd Highlanders, at 17,
riogarth-road, Earl's Court, on July II. He served with his
f giment in the Crimean Campaign, 1855, including the expe-
Kert ?hnnd the siege and fall of Sebastopol (medal
in Centra?India*”8^8 an< * throughout tho operations .
TniS Laura Grattan, at her house in Enton-squaro, on
y 12, aged eighty-one. She was the youngest of the large
family of William. Lord Huntingtower. son of Louisa, Countess
of Dysart. and sister of the Hon. F. J. Tollemache, who died
on July 2. She married, in 1847. the Right Hon. James
Grattan, cf Tiunehincb, and was left a widow in 1854.
Major-General Robert Bennett, late of the 4(>th and f»3rd
Regiments, at The Poplars. Coleraine, in the county of London¬
derry. on July 7. aged fifty-five. He served in the Eastern
campaign of 1854. and was present at the battles of Alma,
Balaclava, und Inkermann. and siege of Sehrstopol (severely
wounded). Medal with four clasps, and Turkish medal.
Colonel Richard Byrd Levett, of Milford Hall, in tho
county of Stafford. J.P. and D.L., late Lieutenant-Colonel
commanding 4th Battalion North Staffordshire Regiment,
formerly Lieutenant (50th Rifles, on Jnly 7. aged seventy-
seven. lie was the eldest son of the late Rev. Richard Levett,
of Milford Ilall. by Louisa, bis wife, daughter of tho Rev.
Walter Bagot, of Blithfield, Stafford.
“ BEFORE THE BEAK.”
In the slang of London vagabonds, which comic writers have
made generally known, a police magistrate is called a “ beak.”
The bird of wisdom, though proverbially as grave as any
human Judge of inferior jurisdiction,is not invested by Act, of
Parliament to sentence a culprit to fine or imprisonment; but
the owl has a formidable lioak of his own, as well as power, by
some stringent •* clause of the Act,” or claws of his own, to
detain the hapless offender. It is unlikely that the Owls’
Parliament, wherever its Sessions are held, would have passed
a law for the protection of mice; but there may bo a Game
Law, reserving those little quadrupeds, in certain places, to
afford sporting pastime and desirable prey to the privileged
race of owls. That such unworthy creatures as cats should
presume to catch a mouse, under the eyes of their grave
feathered superior, will seem in his eyes an impudent trans¬
gression. In the barn or stable-loft, where this masterful owl
has found a temporary abode, he is disposed to admit no poachers
or trespassers on his exclusive rights of chase. Those three
nimble Pussies, after starting the game and pursuing it to tho
steps, up which it has run, to be clutched by a stranger foe,
are confounded by the forbidding anger of an unexpected
opponent. '• Ref ore the Beak ” they stand rebuked, and their
temerity is appalled by such a fierce apparition, the like of
which they never saw before. There is no knowing what this
determined, strong-willed bird might do, for does not Shak-
speare record the fact that, on one occasion,
An (‘iitrio, tawvrinjr in bis pride of place.
Was by :i mota-ltiK owl lmwkc l at, and killed ?
FOREIGN NEWS.
Our Paris Correspondent, who is taking his yearly holiday just
now, favours us with some Holiday Rambles, two of which
appear in the present iss ie. In the French Chamber of
Deputies on July 12 General Boulanger brought forward a
motion for a Dissolution. He maintained that it was necessary,
and that a general clect'ou should In* held before the celebra¬
tion of the Centenary of 1789. M. Floquct said the Govern¬
ment hail the right to ask the President to dissolve the
Chamber, but did not propose to do so. He reproached General
Boulanger with relying upon the support of the Right, said
he was always absent from the Chamber, and that it was not
for him, therefore, to criticise its work. At the conclusion of
M. Floquct's speech an exciting scene took place. General
Boulanger declared that four times in the uproar which
prevailed he had given the Premier the lie. The President
announced that lie must formally censure the speaker for
this language. Thereupon the General protested, resigned
his seat, and left the House, followed by his partisans.
A formal vote of censure win passed upon the General. In
consequence of this scene in the Chamber, a duel with swords
took place next morning between M. Floqnet and General
Boulanger. The latter received a severe wound in the throat,
and M. Floquct was slightly wounded in the hand and breast.
Later in the clay lie assisted in unveiling the Gambetta monu¬
ment in the Place du Carrousel. Paris. M. Floquet, who arrived
with President Carnot, received an enthusiastic ovation. He
delivered a warm eulogy upon the patriotism of Gambetta, and
speeches were also made by M. I)e Frcycmet, the Presidents of
the Senate and Chamber of Deputies, and M. Spuller on behalf of
the Subscription Committee. The Festival of the Fourteenth of
July appears to have passed off fairly well, though the newspaper
correspondents differ as to the degree of succors attained. A
review of the troops at Longchamps was followed by a dinner
on the Champ dc Mars to 25 on Mayors, after which there was
a display of fireworks from the Eiffel Tower. The Bishop of
Angers introduced a Bill in the Chamber on July 1(5 to
put down duelling: but the motion was negatived by a show
of hands. The question of the naval defences of France has
been debited at some length ; an amendment being accepted
to o{»cn a credit of (57,ooo.ooof., to be covered by annuities.
The first reading of the Bill for the proposed defensive works
at Brest, Cherbourg, and Toulon was pussed on July 17. In
the Senate, on the sime day, the clauses in the Sugar Bill were
discussed, and the Bill was passed in its entirety.
A St.it; banquet was given by the Emperor William II. on
July 12 to all tiie Ambassadors and foreign Ministers in the
Marble Hall of the’Potsdam Town Castle. His Majesty has
issued a Rescript ordering that the project for providing the
city of Berlin with a suitable cathedral shall be immediately
carried out, in accordance with his father's wishes expressed
on March 29. It is officially announced that, with the
Emperor's sanction, the widowed Empress Victoria will hence¬
forward bear the title of the Empress-Queen Frederick. Her
Majesty visited Berlin on July 17 for the first time since the
death of her husband. She was accompanied by her three
daughters. Princesses Victoria. Sophie, and Margaret. After
spending about three hours in the palace formerly occupied by
the late Emperor when Crown Prince, her Majesty returned to
Potsdam. The Emperor left Pots lam on July 13 for Kiel, on his
visit to the Czar. Ho arrived at Kiel next morning, and drove
through the town to the. harbour, being received with much
enthusiasm by the people. On alighting from his carriage he
entered the man-of-war's boat and was emveyed to the
Imperial yacht ITokcnzollern. which shortly afterwards put to
s_*a. The manoeuvres of the fleet excited much admiration.
It is officially announced in Berlin that the Emperor William
will, on his return from St. Petersburg, pay a visit to Copen¬
hagen.—On July 15 the Berlin Art Exhibition was opened in
the Princes’ Saloon of the Exhibition Palace by Ministerial
Director Grcif, who represented the Minister of Education,
Herr Von Ooss’er.
A fearful hurricane brs passed over ‘Southern Hungary,
causing enormous destruction of crops, while several persons
were killed.
There have been great floods iu the United States.
A telegram from Capetown announces the deitli of Sir
J. (I. Brand, President of the Orange Free Ft ire.
A fire broke out in tlic shaft of the Do Beers mine nt
lumber by. South Africa, on July 11. Eight hundred miners
were entombed, and there has been great loss of life.
THE COURT.
Her Majesty paid an unexpected visit to London on July 12, iu
order to visit the Duchess of Cambridge at St. James’s Palace.
The Duchess is, we learn, in wonderful health, considering her
advanced age and the fact that she has not been out of doors
now for many years. After spending some time with the
Duchess her Majesty left for the apartments of the Grand
Duchess of Mccklenburg-Sfcrelitz, where she took tea. At (5.3(»,
having spent an hour at the palace, her Majesty returned to
Windsor. The Queen, accompanied by Princess Louise of
Fcbleswig-Holstein. drove, on the morning of July 13, to
Frograore. where Princess Louise (Marchioness of Lome)
and the Marquis of Lome joined her Majesty. The Queen
drove out in the afternoon with Princess Beatrice and
Princess Margaret of Connaught. Princess Louise (Marchioness
of Lome) and the Mar iuis of Lome took leave of her Majesty
and left for London. Prince and Princess Henry of Batten-
berg returned to the castle from Claremont. The Duchess
of Teek, the Duke of Teck. and Princess Mary of Took arrived
at the castle. The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury also
arrived, and had the honour of dining with the Queen and
the Royal family. The Marquis had an audience of her
Majesty. On the 14th, the Hon. Lady Biddulph. Sir William
Jcnncr. K.C.B., and Lieutenant A. V. .Tenner (Rifle Brigade),
hail the honour of dining with her Majesty ami the Royal
family. Lieutenant A. V. Jenner had the honour of being
presented to the Queen before dining, when her Majesty
conferred upon him the decoration of the Distinguished
Service Order for gallant conduct during the Burun sc War.
Sir Morell Mackenzie and Professor Corrcdi, of Rome, were
received by the Queen. The Queen and the Royal family
attended Divine service at the Royal Mausoleum at Frogmore on
Sunday morning, July 15. . The Very Rev. the Dean of Windsor
officiated. Divine service was afterwards performed in the
private chapel at the castle, the Dean of Windsor, assisted by
the Rev. Canon Gee, D.D., officiating, and the Rev. Canon Gee
preaching the sermon. Prince and Princess Christian of
Schleswig - Holstein, Prince Christian Victor and Princess
Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, and Prince Pedro of Saxe-
Coburg and Gotha dined with her Majesty. Baron De Estrella
was presented to the Queen, and afterwards had the honour of
dining with her Majesty and the Royal family. The Queen
left Windsor Castle on July 18 for the Isle of Wight.
The Frince and Princess of Wales, accompanied by
Princesses Louise. Victoria, and Maud of Wales, attended
Divine service at the church of St. Mary Magdalene, in Sand¬
ringham Park, on Sunday, July 15. The Rev. F. llervey,
Rector of Sandringham, domestic chaplain to the Prince of
Wales and chaplain to the Queen, officiated and preached. The
Prince and Princess returned to town the next day ; and on
July 17 their Royal Highnesses, accompanied by their three
daughters, opened the new buildings of the Great Northern
Central Hospital, in II olio way-road, receiving an enthusiastic
welcome from thousands of spectators as they passed through
the decorated streets of Islington. After the Prince had per¬
formed the opening ceremony, the Princess received purses on
behalf of the funds of the hospital, and in this way £1050
was subscribed. They afterwards went through the wards
and conversed with several of the patients. Prince and
Princess Christian visited the Prince and Princess and
remained to luncheon. The Prince, attended by Major-General
Ellis, visited Prince Pedro of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha at
Claridge’s Hotel.
The Duchess of Albany on July 14 visited the Royal
Hospital for Children and Women, Waterloo Bridge-road, and
distributed flowers to each patient.
Princess Christian left Cumberland Lodge, Windsor Great
Park, on July 17, for Germany. Her Royal Highness was
accompanied to London by Prince Christian.
Princess Louise paid a visit to Stratford-on-Avon on
July 1(5; and next day her Royal Highness attended a meeting
at Goodrich-road Board Schools. East Dulwich, in aid of the
Recreative Evening Schools Association.
The Lady Mayoress held her last reception at the Mansion
House on July 17.
The Queen has been pleased, by letters patent under the
Great Seal of the United Kingdom, bearing date July 11, 1888,
to ordain and declare that the borough of Wakefield shall
be a city, and shall be called “ The City of Wakefield.”
It is officially notified that the State Apartments of
Windsor Castle will be open to the public on and after
Monday, July 23, on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and
Fridays, under the usual regulations, until further orders.
The Lord Mayor has remitted to the British Ambassador at
Berlin a sum of £(53 l(5s., being the final instalment of the
subscriptions received at the Mansion House for the sufferers
by the floods in Germany. 'Ibis makes a total remittance of
£55(53 I(5s. The fund is now dloscd.
The tender of Messrs. Mowlern and Co. for the erection of
the Central, Eastern, and Western Towers of the Imperial
Institute at £18.797 has been accepted, thus making the total
value of the contract for the main buildings £1(51,597. The
works connected with the Imperial Iustitute-road have been
commenced, and will be sufficiently advanced for a public
thoroughfare to be opened in September.
After disappointment through rain, the All-England Lawn-
Tennis Association managed to bring their preliminary com¬
petition for the single championship to an end on July 14.
Then Ernest Renshaiv beat E. W. Lewis by three sets to one,
and met the holder, II. F. Law ford, on July 1(5, when Mr.
Laivford went down, after a very one-sided contest, before Mr.
Itenshaw, who thus succeeds to a position which hi9 brother
(Mr. W. Itenshaw) held successfully against all comers. On
Tuesday the “ Doubles ” and the Ladies' Championship,
We announced in this Journal, on April 14, the lamented
death of Mr. Walter Ingram, youngest son of the late Mr.
Herbert Ingram, M.P. for Boston, the founder and proprietor
of The Illustrated London JWtnr. It will be remembered that
the news was received by telegram, from Aden, that Mr.
Walter Ingram, while accompanying a party who went
to hunt elephants near Berbera, on the African coast
opposite Aden, was killed by a wounded elephant. Mr.
Morrison, the Resident Agent of the British Government
nt Berbera, who has recently arrived in England, has
kindly communicated to Mr. Ingram's family an account
of the removal of his body from the spot where it was buried,
and of its reinterment in the Military Cemetery at Aden. This
ceremony, which took place on .Tunc 25, at six in the
evening, was attended by General Hogg, C.B.. aud all tho
Officers of Brigade in the Aden garrison who were off
duty: the band of the 15th Regiment played ‘‘The Dead
March in Saul,” and a salnte was fired over the grave
by a firing party of the same regiment. Mr. Walter Ingram,
who held a commission in the Middlesex Yeomanry Cavalry,
had l»een associated with the army under the command of
Lord Wolsclcy in the expedition trv Khartoum. for which l.o
received the medal, and was commended for Ins services in
that campaign.
66
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JTTLT 21, Ifl
SOME LIVING BELGIAN PAINTERS.
The opening of the Triennial Exhibition at Antwerp affords
an opportunity for improving our acquaintance with one
of the most brilliant schoqls in modern art. Whether the
present chaos of ideas and rivalries means a new evolution
or rapid decay is a question impossible to deal with here : wo
simply note the work of some of its more eminent living
representatives, prefacing our notices by a few words on the
history of modern Flemish ait. The end of the last century
fonnd it at its lowest level. Lonis David, the old Coit-
rrntionnrl, sought a refuge in Brussels at the restoration of the
Bourbons, and became the centro of a now and upward
movement in Art. Very great in portraiture, and almost
unequalled as a painter of flesh, his stylo was entirely
opposed to tho old Flemish tradition. With the conquest
of Belgian independence an art - movement began in
a national direction. Bubcns was studied, and patriotic sub¬
jects became all the vogue. Gnstaf Wnppers carried^ the
standard, and was gallantly supported by L. Gallait, X. Do
Keyser, F. De Braekelecr, J. L. Dyckmnns, E. De Biefve.
E. Slingenever, and others. The last-named veteran lias been
for some time the representative of Art in tho Belgian
Chamber of Deputies. This great sohool, which in Wiertz
attempted comparison with tho giants of the Renaissance,
ran its course, and made a new evolution, under Henri Leys.
After 1843 realism succeeded to idealism. Historical painting
still continued, but every effort was made to give it. reality.
Man himself, rather than events, was felt to bo interest¬
ing. Alfred Stevens and C. De Groux, in two opposite fields,
worked for the sumo ends and achieved the same kind of
results. With these great painters ought to be named Hyppo-
lite Boulanger, tho landscapist. They were followed by a
great number of painters of genius, some of whose careers wo
here notice. Wo regret tho loss of so distinguished a name as
that of Edouard Hamman. who recently passed away. But
the utmost wo can do here is to indicate how much there is to
learn in tracing tho evolutions in Belgian Art.
Jean Frederic Portaels is Director of the Academy at
Brussels, and his services entitle him to universal respect. The
great majority of the distinguished artists of tho present
generation in Belgium, and some even in France and Holland,
have oome out of the atrlirr which, in 1858, he opened freely,
and without aid or support from the Government. Born at
Vilvorde, in Brabant, in 1313, M. Portaels was the pupil of
Navez and of Paul Delaroche. He obtained the Prix de Rome
at Paris in 1342; and, after passing some years in Italy,
travelled in the East, and in Morocco, Hungary, and a part of
Europe. After his return from Rome, he was nominated
Director of tho Academy at Ghent. He exhibited there, in
1847, “ The Shulammite "; at Brussels, in 1848, “ Episode of the
Simoom,” “The Drought in Judea" (now in the Museum at
Philadelphia} : at Antwerp, in 1849, ‘-Portrait of the Marquise
de l’AiiMpin,” “Arrival of the Holy Family in Egypt,”
and “ The Wise Men from the East.” Among his earlier
works may also be mentioned “ Rebecca,” “ Ruth," and
“ Fatima the Gipsy." On his return to Brussels, he decorated
a chapel of tho Brothers of tho Christian Doctrine
with frescoes, now destroyed. At the Universal Exhibition at
Paris, in 185.’!, his pictnreswcrc :—“ Fnneral Procession in the
Desert of Snez ” (Museum of Lyons), “ Greek Woman Weav¬
ing,” “Young Woman of tho Neighbourhood of Trieste,"
"Young Jewcas of Asia Minor," “Suicide of Judos.” and
“Story-teller in Cairo.” Between that year and 1809 he
exhibited at Ghent a picture entitled “ The Intrigue," and in
tho last - mentioned year lio pointed “ Box at the Pesth
Theatre ” (Museum of Brussels). At the Exhibition of Belgian
Art, in 1881), his pictures were, “ The Young Sorceress ” and
“The Daughter of Zion.” M. Portaels lias also painted some
portraits, one of which was exhibited at the Paris Salon in
1830. His largest picture is entitled the “ Two Calvaries," and
is in the church of St Jaoqnos-snr-Caudenberg, at Brussels.
On Ang. 25, 188.'), a banquet was held to celebrate the twenty-
fifth anniversary of the opening of his free atelier.
Panl Jean Clays, born at Bruges in 1819, passed much
time during his boyhood on the shore in the neighbourhood
of Ostend. After making some voyages he went to Paris, and
studied under Gndin, tho marine-painter. He has been a
constant exhibitor at the Salon. His four pictures nt the
Universal Exhibition at Paris in 18G7 made him remarked.
His works arc chiefly coast or river scenes, with shipping.
The Scheldt and tho Thames have afforded him many subjects ;
of the Scheldt he lias made not less than twenty important
paintings. Ho has also painted many views of ports,
harbours, and roadsteads. The Notional Gallery contains two
of his works, “ Dutch Ships in a Calm near Dort ” and
“ Dutch Ships Lying in tho Roads near Flushing " ; the MuBeum
at Brussels has "The Roods near OBtend" (painted 1851),
■ A Calm on the Scheldt" (18(13), “TheRoadstead of Antwerp”
(1869): the Museum of Antwerp contains his “ Roadstead of
Dordrecht”: tho Museum of New York, “The Enfranchise¬
ment of tho Scheldt at Antwerp ”; the Museum at Liege,
“View on the Scheldt”; the King of the Belgians owns
"Arrival of Qnccn Victoria at Ostend” and “Squally Weather.”
In his long career M. Clays has painted quite 150 important
subjects, nearly forty of which have gone to the United States,
and between ’ thirty and forty to other countries, chiefly
England and France. He has painted the sea in many aspects,
but he appears to prefer those in which harmony, peace, and
sunshine prevail: tranquil scenes of Dutch canals or Flemish
merchantmen slowly sailing along the Scheldt, At the same
time, he loves tho poetic, melancholy characteristic of river
scenes. “ Evening on the Thames," “ Moonlight on the Thames.”
and the titles already given, suggest in a faint degree the work
ol this painter.
Charles Vcrlit is Director of the Academy of Art at
Antwerp, in which post he succeeded the historical painter
Nicaise De Keyser. This Academy, founded in 1663, has in
recent times numbered several distinguished painters among
its students—Alma Tailema, F. Do Lamorinihre, the Belgian
landscape-painter Professor Pauwels of Dresden, Jan Verhas,
Karl Ooms, and onr countryman, W. Logsdail. Under its
present Director it has received a new impetus; among other
improvements an atrlirr for painting animals in the open air
has been added. The arrangements are novel, and the result
of practical experience. Already it is said to have remarkably
facilitated the progress of the students. Michel Charles
Verlat, born nt Antwerp in 1824, commenced the study of
painting very early ; and after having been a pupil of
Do Keyser, became a student under the painter Gustaf
Wappers. In 1351 ho went to Paris, remaining there
for the next twenty years. He then went to Saxe-
Weimar, where lie became Professor at the Knnstschule.
Desiring to study the East, he spent three years at
' Jerusalem, being there at the same period as Holman Hunt.
At Jerusalem ho painted a series of pictures redolent with the
spirit and atmosphere of the place. Among the principal may
lie mentioned “Barabbns preferred to Jesus,” “The Tomb of
Christ,” “ Vox Dei,” and “ The Flight into Egypt.” M. Verlat
is an artist of exceptional power. He has always taken a high
position it historical and religious art; but, in addition, lie
paints landscapes, floral pieces, and portraits, and is, moreover,
a distinguished animalist. Under the first head may be men¬
tioned “ Godfrey De Bouillon at the Assault of Jerusalem
(painted for the Government, and now in the Mnsenm at
Brussels), a “Virgin and Child,” a “Mater Dolorosa," “ Christ
Dead at the Foot cf the Cross,” “The Mother of tho
Messiah.” His other principal works are “Flock of Sheep
Attacked by an Engle" (Museum nt Brussels), “Buffalo
Surprised by a Tiger ” (belonging to the Amsterdam
Geologioal Society), “ Tho End of the Tail and the Tip
of the Ear,” two scenes entitled “Hope" and "Deception,
“ Wolf! ” belonging to the King of the Belgians, ten
scenes illustrating dog or monkey life, “Horses Pulling,”
“ Lion Attacked by a Herd of Buffaloes," “ The First Snow—
Sheep returning to the Farm,” “Sncconr in Time," figures and
animals combined : “ Boreas and Love, * ** Flora and Pomona,”
and “ Homage to the Queen of Flowers." The Museum at Weimar
contains three of his portraits ''I he Duchess of Saxe-Weimar,
Franz Liszt, and the painter Preller. M. Verlat has, moreover,
made decorative works, is a clever aquafortist, and a powerful
panoramic painter. His “ Battle of Waterloo," after having
interested the people of Antwerp, is now being exhibited in
Spain.
Florent Willems was born at Lidge in 1824, and commenced
his art studies under his father, completing his education at
the Academy in the picturesque city of Mechlin. He had an
extraordinary genius for restoring the old masters, and was,
in consequence, much valued by the picture-dealers. The
British Ambassador at Brussels, Sir Hamilton Seymour, dis¬
covered the young painter, and. after obtaining for him the
patronage of Leopold I., tried to induce his protegd to follow
him to England. But M. Willems decided for Paris, as tho
atmosphere in which his gift for elegance would most quickly
ripen. He sent to the Salon of 1844 “Fete of the Cross¬
bowmen” and “Visit of the Nurse." His first conspicuous
success was in 1853, when he exhibited “ Salo of Pictures in
1660," now belonging to M. Ravend, of Berlin ; “ The Widow,"
and “ The Painter in his Studio.” “ The Widow,” now in the
Gallery Van Praet. is considered the jainter's rhrf d'murrr.
The following is a list of the more important of his pictures;—
with the names of the collections of which they form or havo
formed a part:—“Interior of a Silk-Mercer's in 1660”
(Napoleon III.), “Coquetry” (ex-Empress Eugenie). “The
Duel" (Achille Fould, Paris), “I was there” (Arthur Schick-
ler), “To the King" (De Morny), “Visit to the Accouchee ”
(De Boisgelin, Paris). “The Fop" (Delloye, Brussels), “ Co¬
quetry ” (Vassal. Paris), “ Fidelity ” (Swartzenberg, Vienna),
“ The Toilet" (Mayer, Vienna). “ The Lily ” (De Saxe, Vienna).
“Visit of Marie De Medicis to Rnbens, at Antwerp, in 1632 ”
(Couterenx, Brussels), "The King’s Mistress” (Sola, Milan),
“Convalescence” (Perrot, Brussels), “Spring,” “Tho Ar-
mourer ” (Siltzer, London), “ Tho Bravo" (Liedekerke,
Brussels). “ Maternal Instruction ”(Reynticns, Brussels), “ Tho
Shoemaker" (Waroquid). “ The Marriage Ring” (Stewart,
New York), “The Messenger" (Legrand. Paris), “Presenta¬
tion of the Bridegroom” (De Cassin, Paris), “Toilet of (he
Bride” (T. Stewart, New York), “Music-Party ’’ (King of the
Belgians).
Jan Verhas belongs to a family of painters. P.orn at
Termunde, in 183 4, his artistic education, commenced by his
father, Emmanuel Verhas, was completer! under De Keyser, nt
the Academy of Antwerp. As Alfred Stevens seems to have
done for the woman of society, in our day, wliat Leonardo did
for his, in like manner Jan Verhas and his brothel- Franz have
painted for all time the elegant children of our European
capitals. Such painters are the most profound, ns well ns the
most reliable, of chroniclers. The following is a list of the
principal works M. Verhas has exhibited. At Antwerp, 1861,
■* Velleda " ; at Brussels, 1862, “ The Battle of Culloo." (This
S icture shows that the painter was, so far, following tho
istorical school, which had so powerful ail influence on
Belgian art; a gap of several years intimatCB that he was
feeling his way ; and the titles of his pictures exhibited at
Antwerp in 1870—“ It is the Cat "and “ After the Visit"—that ho
had found his genius was designed for a totally different field.)
At Brussels, 1872. his picture was called “ IIow One Becomes
a Painter"; at Ghent, 1874, “ Hide and Seek ” (Cabinet of the
King of the Belgians); at London, 1874, “The Inundation";
at Paris, 1875, “The Broken Pot,” and “Choose!"—a child
making up its mind between a carnation and a white pink
(Museum of Termonde) ; at Brussels, 1875, “ May I Come in ? ”
and “ The Mother's Portrait”; at Ghent, 1877, “The Master
Painter; ” exhibited again in 1880 among the treasures of
Belgian Art (Museum of Ghent). At the same exhibition
appeared “ Tho Review of the Schools ” ; which was exhibited
again at Paris in 1881 (Museum of Brussels). At Amsterdam,
in 1883, he exhibited “ Hcyst-sur-Mer ” ; at Antwerp, 1885,
“ Walk on the Shore” (Museum of Antwerp) ; at Berlin. 1886,
“ Stockade at Blankenburghe ” ; at Budapest, 1887, “ Alone ”—
a girl wandering by the sea (Musenm at Budapest) ; and at
Munich, 1883, “ On the Breakwater.”
Alfred Cluysenaar, bom at Brussels in 1837, the son of an
architect, was a fellow-student of Bonnat, Lefribvre, J. p,
Laurens, and Tony Robert-Fleury, Under Leon Cogniet. in
Paris, where he went after having been a pupil at the Academy
of Brussels. His art-education was finished in Italy, where
he passed several years, making his first appearance at the
PariB Salon in 1867, with a vigorous picture representing the
Four Horsemen described in tho Apocalypse (Rev. vi.). In
1863 he exhibited a portrait of HI. De Groot, which placed him
among the best portrait-painters of the time. Between 1874 and
1881 he executed in fresoo, for theUnivorsity of Ghent, five great
compositions, representing the various stages of the progress of
civilisation. One, “ The Renaissance and the Reformation,”
was exhibited at the Salon at Paris in 1875, and the Sketch at
the Historical Exhibition of Fifty Years of Belgian Art, held
in 1880. It contained thirty-five figures, including the most
notable personages of the epoch represented. At tile latter
exhibition also appeared “ Henry IV. of Germany .at Canossa.”
This picture is now nt the Musenm of Brussels, as well as a
portrait of his son, entitled “A Vocation," exhibited at the
Exposition Universelle in 1878. Of late years, M. CInysnneer
has been more and more drawn into portraiture, painting the
children of the Comte de Flanders, and several of the Belgian
notabilities, political and scientific, besides his own portrait
for the Ulfizi at Florence. At the present time he is engaged
on a picture for a chimneypiece in one of the halls of the
Hotel-de-Ville at Brussels.
Alfred Verwde, born at Brussels in 1838, is, as several of
the painters in the present series, the son of an artist, Louis
Pierre Verwee, from whom he received his education. When
his career began, the second great change in the direction of
Belgian art was in progress. Under the influence of its ideaB,
and by means of the conscientious and persist jilt study of
Nature, and Nature alone, his distinguished genius as an
animal - painter was developed. In 1363 he exhibited at
Brussels, “ Animals in the Meadows ”; at Paris, in 1864,
“Team of Oxen in a Farmyard”—winter effect (Museum
of Courtrai) ; at Brnssels, in 1863, “ Harvest in Flanders " ;
at the Universal Exhibition, Paris, 1878, “ Flemish Stallion,”
“ Banks of the Scheldt," and “ The Orchard ” ; at the Historical
Exhibition of Belgian Art, 1333. the “Stallion" and the
“ Scheldt" reappeared, together with “ Mouth of the Scheldt,”
“ Meuse at Dordrecht," and “ Zeeland Team”; at Paris 1881
“Guild of St. Sebastian : Confraternity of Archere,’ West
Flanders” ; at Paris, 1882, “Corner of a Meadow in Flanders"-
and again, 1883, “The Thistle” (Museum of Namur)- at
Brnssels, 1884, “’The Beautiful Land of Flanders” (Museum
. ‘ '” (Gallery
. ited “ Com-
_ „ -— .sity of Ghent) •
at Paris and Brnssels, 1887, “Tlie Dyke” ; at the Salon dcs
Artistes Framjaia, 1887, “Bull and Ox Playing"; at Vienna
1888, “ The Equinox ” (Musenm of Brussels). ’
Henri De Braekeleer is the son of Ferdinand De Braekeleer
one of tho leaders in the first great movement in modern
Belgian art, and nephew and pnpil of Henri Leys, the cele¬
brated leader of the Becond movement. As his brother-in-law
and the earlier school, Leys devoted himself to the illustration
of national history, but he sought a more perfect realism by
taking his models from soch offshoots of the shattered old
Flemish trunk as still flourished near its roots amcng tho
poor of Antwerp. In the direction thus opened up by lfis
uncle and master, Henri Do Braekeleer persevered, lint'even
more thoroughly, pursuing it for its own sake. With a con¬
centrated enthusiasm, and a rare perfectness in ait. lie lias
devoted all the energies of his being to express the soul of cld
Antwerp. The dreamland of a grass-grown street; the tran¬
quillity of the house-tops bathed in light with an horizon
of small spires, turrets, and pinnacles; the decay of an
old court invaded by the wall-pcllitory ; the sombre dreari¬
ness of an artisan home; the silent interior of a damp
church—these scenes, with the human figures who share
the decay, are the subjects of which M. Do Braekeleer has
been the sympathetic interpreter. Bom at Antwerp in 1840,
lie was only eighteen years of age when he exhibited at
Brussels, in 1858, “The Washer” and “The Haymaker." At
Ghent, in 1859, ho exhibited “The Tailor”; at Antwerp, in
1860, “ The Bleaching-Ground ” and “ Tho Coppersmith " ; at
Brnssels, in 1861, “The Match-Maker,” “ Interior of a Tailor's
Shop," “ A Pottery," also a series of pictures for Gamhard of
London, and Courtereux of Brnssels; at Ghent, in 1S62, “A
Shoemaker"; nt Antwerp, in 1864, “A Flower-Garden”; at
Brussels, in 186(1, “Interior of a Church ” ; at Antwerp, in
1867, “Flemish Interior”; nt Brnssels, in 1869, “Woman
Spinning” (tho Museum of Brnssels); at Antwerp, in 1872,
“The Reader”; at Brussels, in 1872, “The Geographer”
(tho Museum of Brussels), "View of Antwerp" (the King of
the Belgians), and “ The Lesson.” In 1875 he painted “ Tho
Pilot-House at Antwerp” (the Museum of Antwerp) ; in 1875,
at tho Universal Exhibition at Paris,appeared “The Carillon, a
view of the Tower of Antwerp Cathedral.” At Vienna, in the
same year, he exhibited “The Painter's .Studio,” and, at
Amsterdam, “ The Grinder ” and “ Grandmother's Birthday ” ;
at Brussels, in 1887, “The Rne du Sermet at Autwerp," “A
Copper-plate Printer," and “ The Sailor's Return,” and at PariB,
in 1878, “The Man at tho Window.” This interesting painter
is, we regret to hear, very seriously ill.
Karl Ooms was born in 1840 at Desschel, a village of the
Campine, a district in north-east Belgium. The Governor of
the Province of Antwerp being on a visit in 1857 in tho
neighbourhood of Desschel saw some of the boy's drawings at
the village school. Struck with their ability, and learning
that his family wore small cultivators, ho introduced him to
the Director of the Academy at Antwerp, who admitted him
to the course of instruction, though only twelve yeirs of age.
In 1865 ho obtained tho prize of excellence in the upper
school; and the same year exhibited at Brussels bis first
picture, “ Mother of tbc Gracchi," now in the Belgian Scnate-
] fouse. In 1870 he obtained the second prize at tho Grand
Conconrs de Rome. M. Ooms has evidently caught the mantle
of his master, Dc Keyser, and maintains the tradition of tbc
great historical school of 1830-60. 'I he following is a list, of his
principal works:—1871,“ Flemish Pirates Returning with their
Booty " ; 1.372, “ A Wedding Interrupted during the Spanish
Fury at Antwerp” ; 1875, “ Philip II. of Spain Rendering the
Last Honours to Don John of Austria” (Museum of Antwerp);
1876, “ The Prohibited Reading ” (Musenm of Brussels); 1878,
“Judicial Search in the Printing Establishment of Plantin, at
Antwerp, in 1562 ” ; 1880, “Duke of Alva”; 1882, “A Gipsy”
(Musenm of Prague) ; 1886, ” Scene from the Spanish Fury in
1576.” At the present time, ho is finishing a large and masterly
picture for the Palais de Jnstiee nt Antwerp, entitled
“ Innocence Protected by the Law. ’ M. Ooms has also painted
several large portraits.
Emile Wauters, born at Brnssels in 1348, has been one of
the most successful of the painters who have conic out of the
famous atrlirr of Portaels. Thence he went to stndy under
Geroinc in Paris, and in 1868, ho was scut to Italy and
Germany to complete his art-education. His first important
works were: “ Principal Nave of St. Mark’s," 1868, bought by
the King of the Belgians; and “Edith finding the Body of
Harold,” 1869 (Collection Lfiirenstein). Invited by the
Khedive to attend the opening of the Suez Canal, ho was
summoned back quickly by the fatal illness of his mother. Ill
1870, he exhibited “ Mary of Burgundy Imploring theForgive-
ness of her Councillors,” “ Hugonot and Imbercouit”
(Musenm of Liege) : this picture was engraved, in 1872, in
The J Hurt rated London Ann. In 1372 he exhibited,
at the Paris Salon, “ Madness of nngo Van der Goes"
(Brussels Museum). In 1873 he decorated the principal
staircase of the Hotel-de-Ville, at Brnssels, with two
works—" Mary of Burgundy Swearing to Respect the Com¬
munal Right, 1477," and “ The Trade Corporations Demanding
a Charter of John, Duke of Brabant.” In 1876 he exhibited
at the Salon a portrait of M. C. Somzee ; and in 1879 ho
painted three important portraits. In 1880 he collected ninety
of his works, and opened his studio to the public. In tho
same year he went to Egypt to make stndies for his great
panorama of Cairo and the banks of the Nile—a vast work,
380 ft. long and 49 ft. high. After being exhibited at
Brussels, Vienna, and Munich, it is now at the Hague. In
1882 he painted another large work, “ Sobieski and his Staff
at Kahlenberg, near Vienna.” While painting this picture
he was appointed to a chair in the Brussels Academy.
Iu 1883 he visited Spain and Morocco, and the results
appeared in his “ Morocco Fisherman," “ The Great Mosque,
and “ The Serpent-Charmers of Sokko.” After travelling for
some time in Austria and Germany, he returned to Belgium,
and sent to tho Antwerp International Exhibition, in 1884,
eight portraits and “Cairo from tho Bridge of Kasr-el-Ku
(Antwerp Musenm). The last-named picture was exhibited at
the Royal Academy. This year, M. Wauters has held a second
exhibition of his works, opened by the King of the Belgians.
He has been commissioned by the Chamber of Dcputus to
decorate the staircase of tho Palace of the Beaux Arts and
to paint portraits of the King and Queen. A portrait by lu.
Wauters was also exhibited, this year, at the Royal Academy,
about which a pleasant anecdote appeared in the newspapers,
Mr. F. Holl, R.A., and M. Wauters being mutually disposed to
give the palm to each other's work. "• u '
Sir Frederick Leighton and the council of tho Royal
Academy held the society's nsnal annual reception at Burling¬
ton House, Piccadilly, on July 11.
JULY 21, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
67
the revolution house.
East Derbyshire, for the most part a region of iron and coal,
is, perhaps, not the most interesting corner of the county that
is noted for the loveliness of its scenery ; still, it is not without
nicturesquo haunts, and is exceedingly rich in houses that
remind one of Schiller's saying “What is grey with ago
becomes religion.” It has within its borders the fine old
Castle of Bolsover, with its associations of kingly revelry and
the poetry of Ben Jonson’s time: the stately Elizabethan
mansion Hardwick Hall, with its treasures of tapestry, and
memories of Bess of Hardwick, who feared no man, yet fell a
nrey to a gipsv's prophecy ; the whimsically crooked steeple of
Chesterfield church, inseparable from traditions, flesh-creeping
and Satanic ; and the Revolution House. The latter is the
smallest, and at the same time, the most important relic
of the past that East Derbyshire possesses. Just now its name
is on many people's lips. Scarcely a day passes without sorno
stranger's peering through the old-fashioned windows of the
eott-v'e as if he almost expected to sec the conspirators sitting
at the table, as they did two hundred years ago, plotting the
overthrow of King James II.; or, at all events, wondering
iiow a deliberation so momentous oonld have taken place in a
habitation so little. .
The tiny stone cottage, softened and mellowed by Times
tonch, stands in the village of Old Whittington, on the
road that was formerly used by the coaches plying from
London to the North. It haB a weather-worn door, and
somewhat dilapidated diamond panes half hidden by foliage,
arid a thatched roof that had gone green and grey and
b ro tvn with years—so musty, in fact, that the old thatch
iias just been replaced with new. In 1688, the houso
was an inviting country inn. having the swinging sign
of “ The Cock and Pynot," and retailing the Derbyshire ale,
about the quality of which Izaak Walton was apt to become
enthusiastic. The tavern, at that time, had not only a
kitchen, house-place, and parlour—that subsequently received
the name of "The plotting-parlour ”—but a brewhouse and
stables. It gave accommodation, os the old signboards have it,
to “man and beast,” and was a cosy, homely house of call to
all the country-side, as well as to the pack-horse travellers of
the Peak, aud the merchants who went farther afield to buy
and sell.
Of the visit to it liy the fourth Earl of Devonshire, the
Earl of Dauby, and John D'Arcy, two centuries back, there is
THE REVOLUTION HOUSE, WHITTINGTON, NEAR CHESTERFIELD.
proof in a manuscript that has recently been printed in Derby¬
shire. The Earl of Dauby, afterwards the Duke of Leeds,
has left it on record that he was one of the plotters,
for in the introduction to his letters, in 1710, he
says“ The Duke of Devonshire also, when we were
partners in the Secret Trust about the Revolution, and
who did meet me and Mr. John D’Arcy for that purpose at a
town called Whittington, in Derbyshire, did, in the presence
of the said Mr. D'Arcy, make a voluntary acknowledgment of
the great mistakes he hail been led into about me." It is
difficult in these days of religions toleration to realise how
perilous was the task these noblemen set themselves. Never¬
theless, there was not much rust on the headsman’s axe ; and
one is sharply reminded of the danger they ran by a letter
recently received by the present writer from Lord Hurting-
ton's secretary, who writes :—“ At Lord Hartington’s request
I have examined letters of the year UJ8S, but find none
bearing on the politics of the time. In one or two letters
allusion is made to the impossibility of safely writing on
such subjects, which is the reason. I suppose, that no letters
are in the collection.” These words cast, as it were, a bridge
over time. They take one in imagination to the country inn,
to the wainscotted plotting-parlour, with its oak table and
high-backed chairs; to the muscular, lithe forms of the English
aristocrats, os with grave, serious faces, bent heads, and in
whispered conference, they evolved the project that might
plunge England into Civil War.
There are all sorts of traditions about the meeting. It
h said that the Lord of Chatsvvorth and his trusty friends
had arranged to meet on the wild stretch of moorland
between Chesterfield and Lees Fen, lmt wero driven to
shelter in the tavern by a storm. It is also asserted—and
this tradition is firmly believed in the locality—that the Earl
rode from Chatsvvorth to follow the hounds, and broke away
from the hunt with his co-plotters to divert suspicion. Any¬
how, no one outside their own group had any idea of
the gravity of their errand as they rrxle up to the inn door, and
«rode into the quaint parlour. What was really said when
the tankards of home-brewed had been brought in, and tho
door barred, and D’Arcy placed sentinel against eavesdroppers,
will never be known : but the success of the plan is con¬
spicuous in English history. It was undoubtedly in this way-
sidemn that the conspirators resolved to give the country a
rrotestant King; and the means decided tfpon to carry out the
oaring project are disclosed in a farther reference of Danbys
t( q. „ Devonshire. “And be came,” writes Danby,
t° oir Henry Good rick's house in Yorkshire, purposely to
. m . e there, in order to concert the time.* and methods by
. jj he fu°dld act at Nottingham, which was to be his post,
. lie * or *' which was to be mine ; aud we agreed that I
°uui first attempt to surprise York, because there was a small
garrison with a Governor there; whereas Nottingham was but
opcu l °wn, and might give an alarm to York, if he should
appear in arms before I had mode my attempt upon York~-
which was done accordingly, but is mistaken in divers rela¬
tions of it.” Every schoolboy knows what followed. The
country simmered with excitement. The Protestants shouted
** D °wn with the Pope!” The Roman Catholics cried “God
save the King ! ” Thackeray hits off the situation vividly in
his story of *• Henry Esmond,” where my Lord Castle wood,
getting angry at the jeering crowd in the country tow n on
the market day. threatens to send his rapier through •• a
psalm-singing cobbler for abusing the King's religion.”
And, in the midst of it all, Danby rode into York;
Cavendish, backed by his neighbours and the Peak miners,
appeared in Derby market-place, and pushed on to Not¬
tingham ; Norfolk, with his retinue of gentlemen, was
ready for emergency at Norwich ; Lovelace, notwithstanding
the ’varsity motto, had a grand welcome from the gownsmen
at Oxford ; and William of Orange, marching unimpeded on
Salisbury from his landing-place at Torbay, learnt that King
James, discomfited, and deserted by his own children, bad
fled from his disordered array—that the Revolution was com¬
plete without bloodshed, and the crown of England practically
in his own grasp.
It is not necessary here to enumerate the many benefits
of that Revolution, except, perhaps, to say that thev range
from religious liberty to the freedom of the press. But
it is interesting, now we have reached the bicentenary
year of the event, to note what reminders remain to us
of it. So long as Chatsworth House stands by the
Denvent-side, in the green glory of tho park, on tho
fringe of the Peak moorland, England will never he
without one memory of the Revolution ; for this home of
the Cavendishes, so rich in art and literature, was built by
the fourth Earl, and first Duke of Devonshire, and a tablet in
the hall tells you that it was commenced in the year of English
freedom, IMS. Still, the interest of the people concentrates
rather in the cottage than the mansion. In 1788, there wero
great rejoicings at this rustic Revolution House. A procession
of nobility, gentry, and yeomen went to the cottage, and
viewed the historic “plotting-parlour," and the treasured chair,
now at Hardwick Hall, in which Cavendish sat on the memor¬
able day when it was determined to push King James from
the throne. There were music and dancing and singing, and
brave old toasts, both at W hittington and Chesterfield ; and
through the latter town, on a chair, was carried Cornelius
Crich, a local centenarian, who was born just before tho
Revolution. This year, too, there
is to bo great festivity; but amid
the rejoicing — the bi-ccnt?nary
carnival—one thing should be re¬
membered : that it would be
grievous to put up some new¬
fangled monument to the Revolu¬
tion on the site of this notable
house. Whittington is not, as
many imagine, the birthplace of
Dick Whittington, thrice Lord
Mayor of London ; but it is the
birthplace of the Revolution :—
At WtiHtimrton, near ChrstcrllelJ,
That was the very plaoo. sir,
Where the llrxt plot wax hihl. I’m tolJ,
To pull tho tyrant down. Sir.
And Whittington thinks a great
deal about the old house in which
the plot was laid. The habitation,
which long belonged to the Caven¬
dish family, has passed out of the
hands of the Duke of Devonshire,
having been purchased by Mr.
Mnnsfcldt Mills, of Tapton ; but
his Grace reserves the right, in the
event of the cottage being de¬
molished, to erect a suitable
memorial in its place. Never¬
theless, no stilted figure of
Liberty, no obelisk, no modern
monument, would be prized so
much as the cottage itself. The
dwelling, which is now un¬
tenanted, has been patched time after time, and its owner
very properly feels that it should not be disturbed so long as
one stone will stand upon another. Nay, even when it totters
and collapses, it is suggested that tho cottage should be
rebuilt in the same shajic, with some, at least, of the old
stones ; but the earnest desire of all who love their country,
and take an interest in its struggles, must be that the
Revolution House will survive the weather’s freaks for years
to coine, standing venerable with age, one of the humblest,
and yet one of the most noted, of English houses that have
played an important part in the nation s history, and become
indelibly touched with the romance and the energy of the past.
Mr. Charles Strctten, who has been for many years Deputy-
Chief Constable, has been appointed Chief Constable of Cam¬
bridgeshire, in place of Major Calvert, deceased.
At a meeting of the London School-Board on July 12, Mr.
Gover called upou Mr. Helby to substantiate a statement he
made at a dinner, to the effect that things were as bad at that
Board, or worse, than at the Metropolitan Board of Works.
Mr. Helby demurred to Mr. Cover's right to interrogate him,
but said at the proper time he should be prepared to take
the course which the circumstances demanded. The Board
appointed a Social Committee to consider any allegations of
corruption affecting any members or officers of the Board.
Judge Eddis has given an important decision at the
Clerkenwell County Court. Sydney Simmons, aged seven
years, suing by his father, has obtained a judgment for £50
and costs against Mr. John Molloy for injuries and expenses
occasioned by the bite of a dog belonging to defendant's stable¬
man, which defendant harboured on his premises. In deciding
the case, the Judge said it was not necessary to prove the
ownership of the dog. If a man harboured a dog about his
premises, and the animal injured anybody, he was responsible.
Tbe animal in question was the property of defendant's stable¬
man, but defendant allowed it to be on his premises. It was
not necessary to prove that the dog had actually bitten anyone
previously for the maintenance of an action. It was enough
that its vicious propensities had been brought to the know¬
ledge of the defendant.
POSTACE FOR FOREICN PARTS THIS WEEK.
JULY 21, 1888.
Subscribers will please to nolle** Hint copies of this week’s number forwarded
abroad must be prepaid according to the following rates To Canada,
United Stales of America, ami the whole of Europe, Thick Edition,
Tm>{»ticr-Jmi/i>rnn}f ; Tins Edition, One Penny. To Australia. Brazil.
C.qie of Good Hope. Chinn (via United Suites). Jamaica. Mauritius, and
New Zealand. Thick Edition. Threepence ; Thin Edition. One Penny.
To China (via Brtudlxl). India, and Java, Tuick EDITION, Fuurptnee-
haf/penny; THIN Edition, Three-hu\ft*nce.
News]**!* 1 :* for forelvn puts nm*t bo posted within eight days of tho
date of publication. I;tw|icCUvo of the departure of tho mails.
MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS.
“ Four Vocal Duets for Soprano and Tenor.” By F. H. Cowen.
These pieces (just published by Mr. Joseph Williams) should be
widely welcomed in drawing-room circles. They are very
graceful productions, in which flowing melody is associated
with rich harmonic treatment in the accompaniment, that,
without obscuring the voice parts, affords a good support
thereto, and contrasts admirably therewith. Nor. 1. *• Eden-
land " (a setting of lines by tbe author of “ John Halifax ”),
displays the two voices very effectively, both singly and in
association. In No. 2, “ The Boy and the Brook,’ the text is
by Longfellow. The musio opens with solo phrases for the
tenor, somewhat in the style of a Volkslied ; the soprano
replying, with a light and fanciful accompaniment; the
voices being alternated, and then, towards the close,
associated with good effect. “ On her lover's arm ”
(No. 3) is to words by Lord Tennyson. A prevalence
of arpeggio passages in the accompaniment contrasts very
effectively with the sostenuto of the voices. The last duct of
the series. “ The fountains mingle with the river ” is
associated with lines by Shelley. The pervading feature of
triplets in the accompaniment (which is in nine-eight time)
gives a good effect of the rippling of water, and sets off well
the flowing nature of the melody assigned to the two voices,
which are heard almost entirely in association in this piece. ’
Messrs. Boosey and Co. have issued a new edition of
W allace s most popular work, “ Maritana,” as one of the
volumes of their series of operas entitled “The Royal Edition.”
The work is brought out in the same handy form as previous
issues of the same series, and also at a moderate cost. The
editing has been carefully done by Mr. M. B. Foster.
“The Bells o Dee ’ and “Golden Dreams ” are two songs,
the words of which are by that prolifio and successful writer
of verse for musical purposes, Mr. Edward Oxenford, whose
lines are pleasant in their suggestive ness, and lend themselves
readily to the composer’s art. Tho first-named song has been
tunefully set by A. Briscoe, whose music lies well for any
voice of moderate compass. The other song, by A. Bishop, is
also melodious, and has a good contrast between the expressive
opening “ Andante” and the intermediate “ Allegretto Gruzioso.”
Messrs. Duff and Stewart arc the publishers of both songs.
THE SANITARY INSTITUTE.
The twelfth annual meeting of the members of this insti¬
tute was held on July 12 in the lcctnrc-hall of the Royal
Institution, A1 beraarlc-street, and was well attended. Mr. E.
Chadwick, C.B., occupied the chair. lie said by means of
sanitary work the death-rate in the metropolis had been
brought down to 14 in the thousand, while in other places
where there had been no such work it remained at iis old
high rate. In Paris it was 27, and in St. Petersburg 4(». in the
thousnud. The medals ami special certificates and certificates
of merit awarded to exhibitors at the Exhibition of Sanitary
Appliances in Bolton in 1887 were then distributed ; after
which Mr. B. W. Richardson, M.D., read a paper on •• Storage of
Life as a Sanitary Study." After referring to instances of long
life in lower animals and in man,he said these animals and these
persons, by some peculiar process as yet lmt little investigated,
held life as a long possession, and to this faculty lie applied
the term •• storage of life.” The conditions which favoured
such storage he held to be (1) hereditary qualification. (2) the
virtue of continency, (3) maintenance of balance of bodily
functions. (4) perfect temperance. (:■) parity from implanted
or acquired diseases. On the motion of the chairman, seconded
by Major Flower, a vote of thanks was given to Or. Richardson
for his paper, and on the motion of Mr. Field, a vote of thanks
was also given to Mr. Chadwick for presiding.
METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY.
Dr. Fratikland reports to the Registrar-General the results of
the chemical analyses of the waters supplied to the inner, and
portions of the outer, circle of the metropolis during the
month of Jane. Taking the average amount of organic im¬
parity contained in a given volnme of the Kent Cornpam s
water during the nine years ending December, 1878, as unity,
he finds that the proportional amount contained in an equal
volume of water supplied by each of the metropolitan water
companies and by the Tottenham Local Board of Health
wasKent, 0-6 ; New River, 1-2 ; Tottenham, IS; Grand
Junction, 1-4 ; Southwark, 1-7 ; West Middlesex, 1’8 ; Chelsea,
1-8 ; Lambeth, 2 0 ; Colne Valley, 2-2 ; East London, 2'4. The
Thames water sent out by the Chelsea, West Middlesex, South¬
wark, Grand Junction, and Lambeth companies again exhibited
a further reduction in the proportion of contained organic
matter, which was nnnsnally small in all the samples ex¬
amined. All the samples were clear and bright. Of the
water principally drawn from tho Lea, that distributed
by tbe New River Company contained less, and that by
the East London Company slightly more, organic matter than
the Thames supplies. Both samples were clear and bright. The
deep-well water pnmped by the Kent Company and by the
Tottenham Local Board of Health contained, as usnal, only a
very small proportion of organic matter; while in the sample
of the Colne Valley Company's supply the organic matter was
distinctly in excess of the average for this water. The Collie
Valley Company's water was softened, as usual, before delivery.
Seen through a stratum of 2 ft. deep, the waters presented tho
following appearances ; Kent and Tottenham, clear and colour¬
less ; Colne Valley and New River, clear and nearly colourless;
Chelsea, West Middlesex, Southwark, Grand Junction, Lambeth,
and East London, clear and very pale yellow.
A meeting of the Scotch Episcopal Diocese of Glasgow and
Galloway was held in St. Mary's Cathedra), Glasgow, on
July 12, to elect a Bishop in the room of the late Bishop
Wilson. The Rev. Canon Harrison, Vicar of Bury St. Edmunds,
and Bishop Sandford, of Tasmania, were nominated. The
former had a majority in the lay and clerical chambers. The
minority acquiesced, and Canon Harrison was elected.
On July 11 the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress, attended
by the Sheriffs, visited the People's Palace in State, in order to
open the Cooperage Exhibition, which has been organised by
the Cooper's Company, in conjunction with tbe trustees of the
palace. Tho Lord Mayor, in acknowledging an address pre¬
sented to him, said that the exhibition had found an appro¬
priate location at the People's Palace, which was so peculiarly
devoted to the interests of the working classes. The company,
in promoting the exhibition, would have done something to
encourage the best qualities, and he was sure that the working
people would be grateful for their interest. The master then
presented to the Lord Mayor, as a memorial of his visit, a
miniature cask, bound in silver, the work of Mr. Charvet. a
foreman cooper. The exhibition contains casks of every size
and shape, from the r»00-gallon bouge vat down to the model
in the glass ease. All kinds of coopers' work are represented :
and the entries, especially in the workmen’s classes, have been
very numerous. About £200 altogether is given in prizes.—In
the evening, the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress eutertained a
largo and distinguished company at the Mansion House, in
celebration of the coronation of her Majesty the Qaeen.
6S
'THE ILLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
1IY WALTER BESANT,
THE BUKA W A Y.
*%ermioiin
HATH heard, and
old people still re¬
member, how one
Act after the other
was passed for the
■ suppression of the
N on conformists,
whom the Church of
England tried to ex¬
tirpate, but could not.
H id these laws been
t r uly carried into effect,
there would have been
cry man's hand would
have been turned
against his neighbour,
and this—thank God !—
jgr _K >« W* possible ill
/--v ' '• SiSSf - m i ! For example, the
^ ■ ... Cnifom.it/ provided
n..i only for tlie ejectment
»>f tic Nonconforming minis.
t.-i-n (which was duly carried
. but also enacted that none of
Hum should t ike scholars without
ti. . license of the Bishop. Yet ninny
of the ejected ministers maintained
themselves in this way, openly, without
the Bishop’s license. They were not molested, though they
might be threatened by some hot Episcopalian; nor were
the Bishops anxious to set the country afire by attempting to
enforce this law. One must not take from an honest neigh¬
bour, whatever an unjust law may command, his only way
of living.
Again, the Act passed two years later punished all persons
with fine anil imprisonment who attended conventicles. Y’et
the conventicles continued to be held over the whole country,
because it was impossible for the Justices to fine and imprison
men with whom they sat at dinner every market-day, with
whom they took their punch and tobacco, and whom they
knew to be honest and God-fearing folk. Again, how could
they fine and imprison their own flesh and blood? Why,
in every family there were some who loved the meeting-house
better than the steeple-house. Laws have little power when
they arc against the conscience of the people.
Thirdly, there was an Act prohibiting ministers from residing
within five miies of the village or town where they had preached.
This was a most cruel and barbarous Act, because it scut the
poor minis.' rs away from the help of their friends. Yet how
was it regarded? SIv father, for his part, continued to live at
Bradford Oreas without let or hindrance, and so, no doubt, did
ninny more.
Again, another Act was passed giving authority to Justices
of the Peace to break open doors and to take in custody
persons found assembling for worship. I have heard of
disturbances at Taunton, where the Magistrates carried
tilings with a high hand; but I think the people who met to
worship after their own fashion were little disturbed. Among
the Churchmen were some, no doubt, who remembered the
snubs and rubs they had themselves experienced, and the
memory may have made them revengeful. All the persecution,
it is certain, was not on the side of the Church. There was,
for instance, the case of Dr. Walter Raleigh, Dean of Wells,
who was clapped into a noisome prison where the plague had
broken out. He did not die of that disease, but was done to
death in the jail, barbarously, by one David Barrett, shoe¬
maker, who was never punished for the murder, but was
afterwards made Constable of the City. There was also the
ease of the Rev. Dr. Piers, whom 1 have myself seen, for he
lived to a good old age. He was a Prebendary of Wells, and,
being driven forth, wns compelled to turn farmer, and to work
with his own hands—digging, hoeing, ploughing, reaping, and
threshing—when he should have,been in his stud}'. Every week
this reverend and learned Doctor of Divinity was to be seen at
llininster Market, standing beside the pillars with his cart,
among the farmers and their wives, selling his apples, cheese,
and cabbages.
I say that no doubt many remembered these things. Yet
the affection of the people went forth to the Nonconformists
and the ejected ministers, as was afterwards but too well
proved. I have been speaking of things which happened
before my recollection. It was iu the year 1605, four years
after the Ejection, that I was bom. Sly father would have
named me Grace Abounding, but my mother called me Alice,
after her own name. 1 was thus six years younger than my
brother Bamuby, and two years younger than Robin and
Humphrey.
The first thing that I can recollect is a kind of picture,
preserved, so to speak, in my head. At the open door is a
woman spinning at the wheel. She is a womau with a pale,
grave face; she works diligently, and for the most part in
silence; if she speaks, it is to encourage or to admonish a
little girl who plays in the garden outside. Her lips move as
she works, because she communes witli her thoughts all day¬
long. From time to tune she turns her head and looks with
anxiety into the other room, where sits her husband at his table.
Before him stand three boys. They are Bamaby, Robin,
and Humphrey. They are learning Latin. The room is piled
with books on shelves and books on tlie floor. In the comer
is a pallet, which is the master’s bed by night. I hear the
voices of tlie boys who repeat their lessons, and the admonish-
ing of .la ir master. 1 can see through the open door the boy*
themselves. One, a stout and broad lad, is my brother
Bamaby: lie hangs his head and forgets his le.-son, and causes
. to punish him every day. lie rereives admonition
with patience; yet profiteth nothing. The next is Humphrey;
he is already a lad of grave and modest carriage, who loves his
t.kand l«msdiligently. The third is Robin, whose part*
nre good, were Li- application equal to his intelligence. He is
impatient, and longs for the time when he may close his book
ana go to play again.
Pour Burnaby : at the sight of a ijitin Grammar he would
feel sick. He would willingly have taken a flogging every
day—to lie sure, that generally happi ned to him—in order
to escape his lessons nnd be off to the fields and woods.
It was the sight of his rneful face yet nev<r sod except at
iw him dull
but patient over his book. Had he stayed at home I know
not what could have been done with him, seeing that to
was 1" vend even the power
* All S!)hu Stum. J.
of prayer (the Lord having clearly expressed His will in this
matter). He would have had to clap on a leathern apron, and
become a wheelwright or blacksmith; nothing better than an
honest trade was possible for him.
But (whether happily or uot) a strange whim seized the
boy when he was fourteen years of age. He would go to sea.
How he came to think of the sea 1 know not; he had never
seen the sea ; there were no sailors in the village; there was
no talk of the sea. Perhaps Humphrey, who read many books,
told him of the great doings of our sailors on the Spanish main
and elsewhere. Perhaps some of the clothiers’ men, who
are a roving and unsettled crew, had been sailors—some, I
know, had been soldiers under Oliver. However, this matters
not, Bamaby must needs become a sailor.
When first he broke this resolution, which he did secretly,
to my mother, she began to weep mid lament, because every¬
body knows how dreadful is tlie life of a sailor, mid how full
of dangers. She begged him to put the thought out of his
head, and to apply himself nguin to his books.
“ Mother,” lie said, “it is no use, Wlmt comes in at one
ear goes out at the other. Nothing sticks: I shall never be a
scholar.”
“ Then, my son, learn an honest trade.”
“ What ? Become the village cobbler—or the blacksmith ?
Go hat in hand to his Honour, when my father should have
been a Bishop, and my mother is a gentlewoman ? That will I
not. I will go and be a sailor. All sailors are gentlemen. I
shall rise and become first mate, and then second captain, and
lastly, captain in command. Who knows ? I may go and
fight the Spaniard, if I am lucky.”
“ Oh, my son, canst thou not stay at home and 'go to
church, and consider the condition of thine immortal soul i
Of sailors it is well known that their language is made up of
profane o.iths, and that they are all profligates and drunkards.
Consider, my son”—my mother laid her Timid upon his arm—
“ what were heaven to me, if I have not my dear children
with me as well as my husband ? How could I praise the Lord
if 1 were thinking of my son who was not with me, but—ah!
Heaven forbid tlie thought! ”
Bamaby made no reply. What could he say in answer to
my mother’s tears? Yet I think she must have understood
very well that her son, having got this resolution into his head,
would never give it up.
“Oh!” she said, “when thou wast a little baby ill my-
arms, Bamaby—who art now so big and strong ”—she looked
at him with the wonder mid admiration that women feel when
their sons grow big and stout—“ I prayed that Got! would
accept thee as an offering for His service. Thou art vowed
unto the Lord, my son, ns much as Samuel. Do you think lie
complained of his lessons ? What would have happened, think
you, to Samuel if he had taken off his ephod mid declared that
he would serve no longer at the altar, but must take spear
and shield, nnd go to fight the Amulekite P”
Said Bamaby, in reply, speaking from an unregenerate
heart, “ Mother, had I been Samuel, to wear ail epliod and to
loam the Latin syntax every day, I should have done that.
Ay! I would have done it, even if I knew that at the first
skirmish an arrow would pierce my heart.”
It was after a great flogging, on account of the passive
voice or some wrestling with the syntax, that Bamaby plucked
up courage to tell his father what he wished to do.
“ With my consent,” said my father, sternly, “thou shalt
never become' a sailor. As soon would 1 send thee to become
a buffoon in a playhouse. Never dare to speak of it again.”
Bamaby hung his head and said nothing.
Then my mother, who knew his obstinate disposition, took
him to Sir Christopher, who chid him roundly, telling him that
there was work for him on land, else he would have been
born beside the coast, where the lads take naturally to the sea:
that beiug, as lie was, only an ignorant boy, and lnndbom, lie
could not know the dangers which he would encounter: that
some ships are east away on desert isluiids, where the survi¬
vors remain in misery until they die, and some on lands where
savages devour them, and some are dragged down by ealama-
ries and other dreadful monsters, and some nre burned at sea,
their crews having to choose miserably between burning and
drowning, and some are taken by the enemy, nnd the sailors
clapped iiitodungeonsand tortured b v the Accursed Inquisition.
Many more things did Sir Christopher set forth, showing
the miserable life and the wretched end of tlie sailor. But
Bamaby never changed countenance, and though my mother
bade liim note this and mark that, nnd take heed unto his
Honour's words, liis face showed no melting. ’Twos always
an obstinate lad; nay, it was his obstinacy alone which kept
him from his learning. Otherwise, he might perhaps have
become ns great a scholar as Humphrey.
“ Sir,” he said, when Sir Christopher had no other word to
say, “with submission, 1 would still choose to be a sailor, if 1
could.”
In the end he obtained his wish. That is to say, since no
one would help him towards it, he helped himself. And this,
I think, is the only way in which men do ever get what they want.
It happened one evening that there passed through the
village a man with a pipe and tabor, on which he played so
movingly that all the p.-ople turned out to listen. For my
own part I was with my mother, yet I ran to the garden-gate
and leaned my head over, drawn by tlie sound of the music.
Presently the boys and girls began to take hands together and
to dance. I dare not say that to dance is sinful, because
David danced. But it was so regarded by my father, so that
when he passed by them, on his way home from taking the
air, and actually saw his own son Bamaby in the middle of the
dancers, footing it merrily with them all, joyfully leading one
girl up and the other down at Joint come and kies me note, he was
seized with a mighty wrath, and, catching his son sharply by
the ear, led him out of the throng and so home. For that
evening Bamaby went supperless to bill, with tlie promise
of sueli a flogging in the morning ns would cause him to
remember for the rest of his life the sinfulness of dancing.
Never had I seen niv father so angry. I trembled before his
wrathful eyes. But Bamaby faced him with steady looks,
making answer none, yet not showing the least repentance or
fear. I thought it was because a flogging had no terrors for
liim. The event proved that 1 was wrong; that was not the
renson, lie had resolved to run away, and when we mvoke in
the morning he was gone. He had crept down-stairs in the
night; he had taken half a loaf of bread and a great cantle of
soft cheese, and had gone away. He had not gone for fear of
the rod: lie liad run away with design to go to sea. Perhaps
he had gone to Bristol; perhaps to l’lyraouth; perhaps to
Lyme. My mother wept, and my father sighed ; and for ten
years more we neither saw nor heard any thing of Bamaby, not
even whether he wns dead or living.
CHAPTER VI.
BENJAMIN, LORD CHANCELLOR.
Summer follows winter, and winter summer, in due course,
turning children into young men and maidens, changing
school into work, and play into love, and love into marriage,
nnd so onwards to the churchyard, where we all presently lie,
hopeful of Heaven's mercy, whether Mr. Boscorel did stand
beside our open grave in his white surplice, or aiy father in
liis black gown.
Bamaby was gone; the other three grew tall, and would
still be talking of the lives before them. (lirls do never look
forward to tlie future with tlie eagerness and joy of boys. To
tlie dullest boy it seems a fine thing to be master of his own
actions, even if that liberty lead to whipping-post, pillorv or
gallows. To boys of ambition and imagination the gifts’ of
Fortune show like the splendid visions of a prophet. They
think that earthly fame will satisfy the soul. Perhaps women
see these glories and their true worth with clearer eye as not
desiring them. And truly it seems a small thing, after a life
spent in arduous toil, and with one foot already iu the grave
to obtain fortune, rank, or title.
Benjamin and Humphrey were lads of ambition. To both,
but in fields which lay tar apart, the best life seemed to be that
which is spent among men on the nnt-liill where all arc
driving or being driven, loading each other with burdens
intolerable, or with wealth or with honours, and then dving
mid being forgotten in a moment—which we call London.' In
the kindly country one stands apart and sees the vanity of
human wishes. Yet the ambition of Humphrey, it must lie
confessed, was noble, because it was not for his own advance¬
ment, but for the good of mankind.
“ I shall stay at borne,” said Robin. “ You two may go if
you please. Perhaps you will like the noise of Loudon, where
a man cannot hear himself speak, they say, for the roaring of
tlie crowd, the ringing of the bells, and the rumbling of the
carts. As for me, what is good enough for my grandfather
will be surely good enough for me.”
It should, indeed, be good enough for anybody to spend
his days after the manner of Sir Christopher, administering
justice for tlie villagers, with the weekly ordinary at Sher¬
borne for company, tlie green fields and liis garden for
pleasure and for exercise, and the welfare of his soul for
prayer. Robin, besides, loved to go forth with lmwk and gun;
to snare the wild creutures ; to hunt the otter and the fox; to
bait tlie badger, and trap the stoat and weasel; to course the
hare-. But cities and crowds, even if they should be shouting
iu his honour, did never draw him, even after he had seen
them. Nor was lie ever tempted to believe any manner of
life more full of delight and more consistent with the end of
man’s creation than the rural life, the air of the fields, the
following of the plough for the men, and the spinning-wheel
for the women.
“ I shall be alawyer,” said Benjamin, puffing out his cheeks
and squaring liis shoulders. “ Very well, then, I say I shall
be a great lawyer. Wlmt ? None of your pettifogging tribe
for me: 1 shall step to the front, and stay there. What?
Someone must have tlie prizes and the promotion. There are
always places falling vacant and honours to be given away:
they shall be given to me. Why not to me as well as another? ”
“Well,” said Robin, “you are strong enough to take
them, willy-nilly.”
“1 am strong enough,” he replied, with conviction.
“ First, I shall be called to the Outer Bar, where I shall plead
in stuff—1 saw them at Exeter last 'Sizes. Next, I shall be
summoned to become King’s Counsel, when I shall flaunt it in
silk. Who but I ? ” Then he seemed to glow actually three
inches taller, so great is the power of imagination. He was
already six feet in height, his shoulders broad, and his face red
and fiery, so that now he looked veiy big nnd tall. “Then
my Inn will make me a Benelier, and 1 shall sit at the high
table in term-time. And the attorneys shall run after me
and fight with eacii other for my services in Court, so that in
every great rase I shall be heard thundering before tlie j my,
and making the witnesses perjure themselves with terror—for
which they will be afterwards flogged. I shall belong to the
King's party—none of your canting Whigs for me. When the
high treason eases come on, I shall be the counsel for the
Crown. That is the highroad to advancement."
“ This is very well, so far,” said Robin, laughing. “ Ben
is too modest, however. He does not get on fast enough.”
“ All ill good time,” Ben replied. “ I mean to get on as
fast as anybody. But I shall follow the beaten road. First,
fuvour with attorneys and those wlio have suits in the Courts;
then the ear of tlie Judge. I know not liow one gets the
ear of the Judge ”•— he looked despondent for a moment,
then lie held up his head again—"but I shall find out.
Others have found out—why not 1 P What? 1 am no fool,
am I?”
“Certainly not, Beil. But as yet we stick at King’s
Counsel.”
“ After the ear of the Judge, the favour of the Crown.
What do 1 care who is King? It is the King who hath pre¬
ferment and place and honours iu his gift. Where these are
given away, there shall T be found. Next am 1 made Serjeant-
nt-Lnw. Then 1 am saluted as ‘ Brother’ by the Judges on
tlie Bench, while all the others burst with envy. After that I
shall myself be called to the Bench. I am already ‘ m.v Lord ’—
why do you laugh, Robin?—and a Kniglit: Sir Benjamin
Boscorel— Sir Benjamin.” Here lie puifecl out his cheeks
again anil swung his shoulders like a very great person indeed.
“ Proceed, Sir Benjamin,” said Humphrey, gravely, while
Robin laughed.
“ When I am a Judge I promise you I will rate the bar¬
risters and storm at the witnesses and admonish the jury until
there shall be no other question in their minds but to find out
first what is my will in the case, and then to govern themselves
accordingly. 1 will be myself Judge and jury alltl a ^- ,, 1 •
I have seen the Judge at last Exeter ’Sizes. He made all to
shake in their shoes. I shall not stop there. Chief Baron 1
shall be. perhaps—but on that point I have not yet made up
my mind- and then Lord Chancellor.” He paused to take
breath, and looked around him, grandeur and authority
upon liis brow. “Lord Chancellor” he repeated, “on the
woolsack!”
“ You will then,” said Robin, “ be raised to the Peerage-
first Lord Boscorel; or perhaps, if vonr Lordship will so
honour this poor village, Lord Bradford Orcas”-
“ Earl of Sherborne I have chosen for title,” said Benjamin.
“ And while I am climbing up the ladder, where wilt thou be,
Humphrey > Grovelling in the mud with the poor devils wiio
“ Nay, I shall have a small ladder of my own, Ben. I find
great comfort in tlie thought that when your l-ordslnp is
roaring and bawling with the gout—your noble toe being nx
a ball of fire mid your illustrious foot swathed ill
shall be called upon to drive away the pain, and you will
honour me with the title not only of humble cousin, butaboot
rescuer and preserver. Will it not be honour enough to cure
the Right Honourable tlie Earl of Sherborne (first
name), the lord Chancellor, of his gout nnd to restore fum t®
the duties of his great office, so that once more he shall dc roe
dread of evildoers and of all who have to appear before limi t
As yet, my Lord, your extremities, I perceive, nre free from
that disease-the result, too often, of that excess in wine wlucn
^^Hercilobiinaughed again, and so did Benjamin. Nobody
could use finer language than Humphrey, if he pleased.
“A fine ambition!” said Ben. “To “™\Ldnf
coat and a great wig; to carry a gold-headed iaue, j
•HE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, ,J
70
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 21, 1888
long to listun while the patient tells of his gripes and pains;
to mix boluses and to compound nauseous draughts! ”
“ Well," Humphrey laughed, “ if you arc Lord Chancellor,
Ben, yon will, I hope, give ns good laws, and so make the
nation happy and prosperous. While you are doing this, I
will be keeping yon in health for the good of the country. I
say that this is a fine ambition.”
“ And Robin, here, will sit in the great elmir, and have tho
rogues haled before him, and order the Head-borough to bring
out his eat-o'-nine-tails. In the winter evenings, he will piny
backgammon, and in the summer, bowls. Tin n a posset, and
to bed. And never any eliaugc from year to year. A fine
life, truly ”
*' Truly, I think it is a very fine life,” raid Iiobin ; “while
you make the laws, I will take care that they are obeyed.
What better service is there than to cause good laws to be
obeyed? Make good laws, my Lord Chancellor, and be
thankful that you will have faithful, law-abiding men to carry
them out,.”
Thus they talked. Presently the time came when the lads
mast leave the village and go forth to prepare for such course
a - should be allotted to them, whether it led to greatness or to
obs unity.
Benjamin went first, being sixteen yenrs of age and a great
fellow, as 1 have said, broad-shouldered and Insty, with a red
fa V. a strong voice, and a loud laugh. Ill no respect did he
resemble his father, who was delicate ill manner and in speech,
lie wa- to he entered at Gray's Inn, where, under some counsel
learned in the law, lie was to read until such time ns lie should
he called.
lie cam - to bid me farewell, which nt first, until lie
frightened ill" with the things he said. I took kindly of him.
“Child,” lie said, “ 1 am going to London, and, 1 suppose,
1 shall not. come back to this village for a long time. Nay,
were it not for thee, 1 should not wish to come hack at all.”
“ Why for me, Ben?”
“ Because ”—here his red face became redder, and he
stammered a little; but not much, for he was ever a lad of
confidence—" because, child, thou art not yet turned twelve,
which is young to he hearing of such a thing. Yet a body
may as well make things safe. And as for Hum) lirey or
Robin interfering, I will break their heads with my cudgel if
they do. Remember that, then.” He shook his finger at me,
threatening. ■<
“ In wlint business should they interfere? ” I asked.
“ Kiss me, Alice ’’—here ho tried to lay his arm round my
neck, but I ran away. “Oh ! if thou art skittish, I care not:
all in good time. Very well, then ; let us mukc things safe.
Alice, when I come back thou wilt be seventeen or eighteen,
which is tin age when girls should marry”-
“ I have nothing to do with marrying, Ben.”
“Not yet. If I mistake not, child, thou wilt then be as
beautiful us a rose ill June.”
“ I want no foolish talk, Ben. Let me g».”
“ Then I shall be twenty-one years of age, practising in the
courts. I shall go the Western Circuit, in order to sec tlioo
often—partly to keep an eye upon thee and partly to warn off
other men. ' Because, child, it is my purpose to marry thee
myself. Think upon that, now.”
At this I laughed.
“Laugh if you please, my dear; I shall mnvry thee as
soon as the way is open to the Bench and the Woolsack.
What ? I can see a long way ahead. I will tell tlico what I
f ce. There is a monstrous great crowd of people in the street
staring nt a glass coach. ‘ Who is the lovely lady ? ’ they ask.
‘ The lovely lady ’—that is you, Alice ; none other—‘ with
111-; diamonds at her neck and the gold chain, in the glass
coach ? ’ says one who knows her liveries : ‘ 'tis the lady of
the great Lord Chancellor, the Earl of Sherborne.’ And the
women full green with envy of her happiness and great good
fortune and her splendour. Courage, child; I go to prepnre
the way. Oh '■ thou kuowest not the grand things that I shall
pour into thy lap when I am a Judge.”
This was the first time that any man spoke to me of love.
But Benjamin was always masterful, and had no respect for
such a nice point as the wooing of a maiden—which, methinks,
should he gentle aud respectful, not as if a woman was like a
savage to be tempted by a string of beads, or so foolish as to
desire with her husband such gauds as diamonds, or gold
chains, or a glass coach. Nor doth a woman like to be treated ns
if she was to be carried off by force like the Sabine women of old.
The Rector rode to London with his son. It is a long
journey, over rough ways; hut it pleased him once more to see
that great city, where there are pictures and statues and
books to gladden the hearts of such as love these things. And
on the way home he sojourned for a few days at his old college
of All Souls, where were still left one or two of his old friends.
Then lie rode back to his village. “There are but two places
in this country," he said, “ or perhaps three, at most, where a
gentleman and a scholar, or one who loveth the fine arts,
would choose to live. These are Loudon and Oxford, and
perhaps the Sister University upon the Grauta. Well, I have
once more been privileged to witness the humours of the Court
and the town : 1 have once more been permitted to sniff the
air of a great library. Let us be thankful.” He showed his
thankfulness with u sigh which was almost a groan.
It was three years before we saw Benjamin again. Then
lie returned, but not for long. Like his father, he loved
London better than the country, but for other reasons. Cer¬
tainly, he cared nothing for tlics ■ arts which so much delighted
tile Rector, and the air of a coffee-house pleased him more than
the perfume of books in a library. When lie left us he wa i a
rustic: when he came back he was already what they call a
fopliug: that is to say, when lie went to pay his respects to
Sir Christopher, Ins grandfather, he wore a very fine cravat of
Elamlers lace, with silken hose, and lace and ribbons at his
wrist. He was also scented with bergamot, and wore a peruke,
which, while ho talked, he combed and curled, to keep the
curls of this monstrous head-dress in place. Gentlemen must,
1 suppose, wear this invention, and one of the learned pro¬
fessions must show the extent of the learning by the splendours
of his full-bottomed wig. Yet I think that a young man looks
in ist comely while lie wears his own hair. He had cocked his
hat, on which were bows of riband, nnd he wore a sword. He
spoke also in a mincing London manner, having now forsworn
flic honest broad speech of Somerset; and (but not in the pre¬
ssure of his elders) he used strange oaths and ejaculations.
“ Behold him .' ” said his father, by no means displeasel at
his son's foppery, because he ever loved the citv fashions, and
thought Unit a young mun did well to dress and to comport
himself after the way of the world. " Behold him i Thus he
sits in the coffee-house; thus he shows himself in the pit.
' until is toe time fur finery mid fur fu’.lv. Alas i would that
“ It will not hinder, Sir,” Ben replied. “ A man who hath
his fortune to make does well to be seen everywhere, and to be
dressed like other men of h’s time.”
One must do Benjamin the justice to acknowledge that
though, like the young gentlemen his friends and com¬
panions his dress was foppish, and his talk was of the
pleasures of the town, he suffered nothing to stand in the
way of his advancement. He was resolved upon being a great
lawyer, and, therefore, if he spent the evening in drinking,
singing, and making merry, lie was reading in chambers or
else attending the Courts all the day, and neglected nothing
that would make him master of his profession. And, though
of learning he had little, Ilia natural parts were so good, nnd
his resolution was so strong, that I doubt not lie would have
achieved his ambition hud it not been for the circumstances
which afterwards cut short his career. His course of life, by
his own boastful confession, was profligate; his friends were
drinkers aud revellers; his favourite haunt was the tavern,
where they all drank punch mid sang ungodly songs, and
smoked tobacco; und of religion he secme.l to have no cure
whntcvi r.
I was afraid that he would return to the nauseous subject
which he had opened three years before. Therefore, I con¬
tinued with my mother, nnd would give lrm no chance to
speak with me. But he found me, and caught me returning
home one evening.
“ Alice,” lie said, “ I feared that I might have to go away
without a word alone with tlicc.”
“ 1 want no words alone, Benjamin. Let me pass ! ” l’or
he stood before me in the way.
“ Not so fast, pretty! he ennght. mo by the wrist, mid,
being a young man so strong and determined, he held me as
by a vice. “Not so fast. Mistress Aliee. First, my dear, let
me tell thee that my purpose still holds—liny hero he
swore a most dreadful, impious oath—“I am move resolved
than ever. There is not a woman, even in London, that is to
be compared with thee, child. What ? Compared with thee ?
Why, they are like tile twinkling stars compared with the
glorious Queen of Night. What did I say?—that at n neteen
thou woulcist be a miracle of beauty? Nay, that time hath
come already! I love thee, child.' I love thee, I say, ten
times in much ns ever I loved thee before 1 ”
He gasped, and then breathed hard ; but still he held me
fast.
“Idle compliments cost a mail nothing, Benjamin. Say
what you meant to say and let me go. if you hold me any
longer I will cry out nnd bring your father to lenm the
reason.”
“ Well,” he said, “ I will not keep thee. I have said what
I wanted to say. My time hath not yet arrived. I am shortly
to be called, and shall then begin to practise. When I conic
back here again, ’twill be with a ring in one hand, and in the
other the prospect of the Woolsack. Think upon that while l
am gone. * Your Ladyship ’ is finer than plain * Madame,’ and
t'.ic Court is more delightful than u village green among the
pigs and ducks. Think upon it well: thou art a lucky girl:
a plain village girl to be promoted to a coronet! However, X
have no fears for thcct thou wilt adorn the highest fortune.
Thou wilt be worthy of the great plaee whither I shall lend
thee. What? Is Sir George Jeffreys a better man than I?
Is he of bettor family? Had he better interest? Is he a
bolder mail ? Not so. Yet was Sir George a Common Serjeant
nt twenty-three, nnd Recorder at thirty; Chief Justice of
Chester at thirty-two. What he hath done 1 can do. More¬
over. Sir George hath done me the honour to admit me to his
company, and will advance me. This he hath promised, both
in his cups and when he is sober. Think it over, child: a
ring in one hand and a title jn the other ! ”
So Benjamin went awny again. I was afraid when I
thought of him and his promise, because I knew him of old;
nnd his eyes were a , full of determination as when he would
fight n lad of liis own age and go on fighting till the other had
had enough. Yet he could not marry me against my will.
His own father would protect me, to say nothing of mine.
I should have told l.im then—a * I had told him before—
that I would never marry him. Then, perhaps, he would have
been shaken in his purpose. The very thought of ninrrying
him filled me with terror unspeakable. I was afraid of him
not only because he was so masterful—nay, women like a man
to be strong of will—but because he hud no religion in him
and lived like an Atheist, if such n wretch there be: at alL
events, with unconcern about his soul; and because his life
was profligate, his tastes were gross, nnd he was a drinker of
nint h wine. Even nt the Manor House I had seen him at supper
drinking until his cheeks were puffed out and his voice grew
thick. What kind of happiness would there be for a wife whose
husband has to be carried home by his varlets too heavy with
drink to stand or to speak ?
Alas ! there is one thing which girls, happily, do never
apprehend. They cannot understand how it is possible for a
man to become so possessed with the idea of their charms
(which they hold themselves as of small n count, knowing how
fleeting they are, nnd of what small value) tliut he will go
through fire and water for that womnu ; yea, nnd break all the
commandments, heedless of his immortal soul, rather than
suffer another man to take her—and thnt, even though he
knows that the poor creature loves him not, or loves another
man. If maidens knew this, I think that they would go in
fear nnd trembling lest they should be coveted, by some wild
beast in human shape, and prove the death of the gallant
gentleman whom they would choose for their lover. Or they
would make for themselves convents and hide in tlrem, so great
would be their fear. But it is idle to speak of this, because,
snv wlmt one will, girls can never understand the po-.ver an 1
the vehemence of love, when once it hath seized and doth
thoroughly possess a man.
( Tj he continued. 1
TITLEPAGE A SB I.XDEX.
The Titlr/iaye and Index to Eng raring* of Volume Xinrty-Ttco
(from Jan. 7 to June 31), ISSs) of the ILLUSTRATED London
News ran he had, Granin, through any Xeirsagent, or direct
from the Publinhing O/fiee, IDS, Strand, ILL., London.
JVbie lleady—Second Edition- of
MR. RIDER HAGGARD’S NEW STORY,
“MR. MEESON’S WILL,”
EXTRA SUMMER NUMBER
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
Foil) Illustrated lay A. FORKSTIKR and 0. MONTHAItD.
TWO PRESENTATION PICTURES
IS COIOUBS,
ONE SHILLING. By Inland Parcel Post, Is. 3d.
198, Stroud, Loudon; aud of all BxikaoUcm and Newsagents,
MUSIC.
ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.
Mr. Harris’s season—which began on May 11—will conclude
on Saturday evening. Jnly 21, having been prolonged for a
fortnight beyond the original intention, in consequence of tho
great success obtained. An event remains now to be retordei—
the production of “ Aid.!,” on July 14. This opera was one of
the specialties of Mr. Augustus Harris's Italian opera season at
Drnry-Lano Theatre last year. 'I he work has an interest as
manifesting a change of style (indicated in irevious pro¬
ductions) from that which characterises the earlier operas by
which Verdi's world-wide popularity was gained. There is no
question that in “Don Carlos” (18(17). nnd particularly in
“ Aida ” (1871). Verdi has been largely swayed by that influence
which Wagner has so powerfully exercised. The prevalence of
emphatic declamation is especially notable in “ Aida,” and
this tendency naturally limits its attractiveness to its stage
representation. In its recent performance, on Jniy 14, the
title-character was sustained by Madame Nordica, as in last
year’s Drnry-Lane season. Again the lady sang with good
effect in several instances, perhaps with more in passages of
pathos than in those of tragic passion. M. J. Do Reszke s per¬
formance as Radames was a repetition of vocal and dramatic
excellence that was manifested in the same character last year;
another important feature in the recent cast, now alluded to,
having been the fine singing of Madame Scalehi as Amneris—a
character scarcely less important, vocally and dramatically,
than that of Aida. Signor IVAndrado gave full dramatic
significance to the part of Am
and barbaric dignity, and
lasro. in its intensity of passion
ing the music well. Signor
high priest, Ramphis, and the
lessengcr were sufficiently well
ir Miranda and Signor Rinal-
cleil. The stage effects were
management.
ncluded repetitions of operas
am ; among them having been
worthy of tho reputation of the management.
Recent performances have included repetitions
previously given during the season ; among them lia
“ II Trovatorc,” with the substitution of Madame Fii
in the character of Leonora, in lieu of its former repre
The lady just named sang aud acted with genuine
earnestness. Tho cast was otherwise tho same :
Mr. Randeggcr conducted in this instance.
The performance of Otto Nicolai's opera “ The Merry Wives
of Windsor,” recently given by students of the Royal College
of Mnsio at the Savoy Theatre, gave good evidence of the
efficient training that is pursued nt the Kensington establish¬
ment in preparing pupils for an operatic career. Of course,
the performance referred to is to be regarded rather as one of
promise than of absolute fulfilment; but it was sufficiently
good, in most of its features, to hold out a prospect
of welcome and serviceable additions to the number of
dramatic vocalists fitted to sustain, with efficiency, per¬
formances of English opera, or operas in English. Tho
characters of Mrs. Ford, Mrs. Page, and Ann were
very effectively filled, respectively, by Misses A. Roberts,
E. Squire, and ‘.V. Davies. Mr. W. C. Milward evinced good
dramatic perceptions of the humour of Falstaff, which he will
doubtless realise still more effectively with the advantage of
further stage experience and less nervousness. Mr. A. C.
Peach as Slender, Mr. Adams-Owen as Page, and Mr. D. Price
as Ford, showed unmistakable fitness for their vocation ; and
Mr. L. M. Kilby was an acceptable Fenton. The orchestra and
chorus (chiefly consisting of College pupils) were fairly good,
and the performance was conducted by Professor ^ ilhcrs
Stanford. The fairy business in the last scene was well repre¬
sented by the clever children trained by Madame Katti Lanner.
The Chester Triennial Musical Festival will be inaugurated
by special services in the cathedral on Sunday, July 22 ; that
in the evening including a performance of Mendelssohn s
“ Hymn of Praise.” On Wednesday morning, “ Elijah’’ will
be given, the following mornings performances comprising
Beethoven’s Symphony in C minor, and a symphonic cantata,
‘•Oh. sing unto the Lord,** composed for the festival by Mr.
Oliver King ; Verdi's 4 * Repricm,” closing the day’s programme.
On the Friday morning Beethoven’s 4 * Engcdi ” (an adaptation
of his ‘•Mount of Olives”'), and Mendelssohn’s “Hymn of
Prais?” will be given : Gounod's oratorio. “The Redemption,”
closing the festival on Friday evening. .Inly 27. Miscellaneous
concerts will be given in the Music Hall on the Wednesday
and Thursday evenings. Sir Arthur Sullivan’s dramatic can¬
tata, “The Golden Legend" (probably conducted by himself)*
being selected for the first, the other programme being mis¬
cellaneous. An efficient orchestra, led by Herr Straus, and a
chorus of proportionate power are engaged ; the conductor of
the performances being Dr. J. C. Bridge, organist of Chester
Cathedral. With these arrangements, and a list of solo
vocalists comprising the names of Madame Nordica. Misses
Anna Williams and Damian. Madame Belle Cole, Mr. E. Lloj’d,
Mr. Nicholl, Mr. Brereton, Mr. Giice. and Mr. Santley: the
performances can scarcely fail to be worthy of the locality
and the occasion.
GIRLS* FillKNPLY SlK’IKTY.
Ossington House, ill7. City-road. E.C.. is the “City Lodge” of
this society, and a meeting was held there on July 12 for the
purpose of drawing local attention to the function it is in¬
tended to fill. Lady Grey presided, and said the house had
been fitted up for the accommodation of young girls who were
in need of a comfortable and cheap home. Unfortunately it
required to be better kuown by the class for whose benefit it
was intended. Lady Ossington and other friends had supplied
funds that had enabled the society to purchase the premises,
put them in a thoroughly sanitary condition, and furnish
t'.em. The committee were in great need of personal help,
and she trusted that as the result of that meeting some lady in
the neighbourhood would come forward and make the home
her special charge, and that other ladies would give their
services as periodical or occasional visitors. The Earl of Meath
said that the society, which was formed to promote purity among
women, bad established sixty such homes or lodges throughout
the Unite .1 Kingdom, and seventy-four throughout the world. It
was doing a great work, and numbered over 150,000 members.
A girl was lodged for from 2s. to 4s. lid. per week, the latter
payment carrying with it the accommodation of a private
room. If the conveniences of the home could only be made
known in the shops and factories it would rapidly fill, ns
similar institutions filled elsewhere. The Countess of Shrews¬
bury gave ail account of her experiences in connection with
such homes at Birmingham and Stafford, and dwelt upon the
good influence exercised by the recreation-rooms, which were
one of their most important features. Lady Helen Stewart
and the Rev. Canon Elwyn afterwards addressed the meeting,
at the conclusion of 'which the company inspected the
premises. _
Dom Pedro of Brazil, grandson of the Emperor, arrived at
Claridge's Hotel on July 12 from Paris.
On July 11, the Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos held
a reception at Chandos House, at which a large number of
distinguished guests were present.
JULY 21, 1S3S
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
71
NEW BOOKS.
Tro/aeal Africa. By Henry Drummoml, F.R.S.E., F.G.S.
(Iluddor anil Stoughton).—A subject of urgent and painfql
interest was brought before the House of Lords on Friday,
July!!, by the Earl of Ilnrroivby, to whom the Prime Minister
replied, with regard to the danger now besetting our mission¬
ary efforts and onr commercial prospects on the eastern side of
Central Africa. It has also been treated in the magazines for
July by several well-informed writers ; by Mr. J. Scott Keltie,
in the Contemporary Renew , with a general survey of
British territorial nnd political influence in Africa, and by
others who have recently visited the Portuguese dominions on
the east coast. This is a suitable opportunity for recommend¬
ing to perusal one of the most interesting brief narratives of
travel, and one of the most instructive essays in geography
and natural history, that have lately been published. Tho
scientific and literary reputation of Professor Drummond has
been greatly enhanced by the wide popularity of his remark¬
able treatise of natural philosophy and religious philosophy,
which has passed through twenty-two editions, and which
the disciples of the late Mr. Darwin and of Mr. Huxley
must allow to be worthy of their attention. Apart from
controversial arguments, and without reference to any
theory of design, or of evolution, in the modification of
physical organisms. Professor Drummond’s minute and ac¬
curate observations, as a naturalist, present a delightful study
in two chapters of this modest volume : the one devoted to
*• the white ant ’’; the other, to the tvonderful mimicry of
inanimate forms iu the appearance and demeanour of soldo
African insects. But the immediate practical importance of
his new book, which docs not much exceed two hundred pages,
with three or four special maps illustrating the position of
the different territories and European protectorates in East
Central Africa, relates to the questions discussed between
Lord llarrowby and Lord Salisbury in Parliament a few days
ago. It is high time that these questions should be settled by
resolute diplomatic action, while we entirely approve of the
resolution of our Government to avoid, in any case, under¬
taking to protect British enterprises, whether mercantile or
evangelical and philanthropic, by Bending even the smallest
military force to the shores of Lake Nyassa. That region,
indeed, situated four or five hundred miles inland from tho sea-
coast eithei of the Portuguese dominions or of those belonging
to the Sultan of Zanzibar, and more than a thousand
miles to north-east of the frontier of Bechuanaland across
the width of the Continent, ie manifestly ont of reach of a
British military expedition. International jealousies, among
which, besides the legitimate rights of Portugal, we should
have to reckon with the peremptory opposition both of France
nnd of Germany, forbid the very idea of such an exercise of
power. At the same time, we cannot be indifferent to the
ltbours and perils of our countrymen, to the large sacrifices
which have been made by the Oxford and Cambridge Uni¬
versities’ Mission at Zanzibar, the Church of Scotland Mission,
and the Scottish Free Church Mission, at a cost already in¬
curred of nearly £ 130,000, for most beneficent purposes, and
to the operations of the African Lakes Company of Glasgow,
promising salutary results from the establishment of useful
trade with the natives. The real enemy to all civilising
agencies in tho eastern parts of tropical Africa is the
ubiquitous Arab slave-trader, whom the Governments of
Zanzibar and of the Portuguese stations on the coast south¬
ward fail to exclude; they may be sincerely willing to do so,
but cannot help tho weakness, and probably tho corruption,
of their local administration. So far as concerns Lake
Nyassa, with the tract of highland country up tho Shire
river, between tho Zambesi and the southern end of that
lake, where the Scottish Church Missions are stationed,
all that we can demand of Portugal is free and un¬
restrained access to this region by the mouth of tho
Zambesi. The Portuguese sovereignty over the whole seacoast
from Delagoa Bay, inclusive of that fine harbour with the rail¬
way to the Transvaal, and the Mozambique shore as far north
as Cape Delgado, near the outlet of tho Rovmna, cannot be
disputed. But Great Britain and other European nations will
not easily admit that Portugal is entitled to control the
navigation of tho Zambesi, a great continental river which
ranks next in length to the Congo and tho Niger, though it is
only navigable for stretches of one or two hundred miles,
between the rapids or cataracts. Its important tributary, the
Shire, which was first explored by Dr. Livingstone, gives access
to the missionary station of Blantyre, to Lake Shirwa, and
beyond the Murchison Falls to the southern shores of Lake
Nyassa. These places, with Bandawd, far up along the western
shore of that great lake, and some part of the healthy region
of upland country between the north-west extremity of Nyassa
and Lake Tanganyika, were visited by Professor Drummond,
his inland journeys and voyages extending seven or eight
hundred miles. Their geography and topography have been
minutely described by o.her travellers, and he therefore con¬
tents himself, in this respect, with giving us accurate maps,
and with a rather sketchy commentary on the general
aspects of what he calls “ one of the great lobes of the
heart of Africa." In the opinion of this author, the
route which has thus been indicated should be made avail¬
able for the best approach to the Equatorial Lakes region, that
of the Victoria Nyanza and the Albert Nyanza, and to the
upper streams of tho Congo. We cannot, however, agree with
him in recommending that an anned force,either of "Sikhs or
Pathans from India,” or of drilled native African soldiers,
ought to be placed on guard, with the sanction of the British
Government, though at the expense of the commercial or the
missionary societies, along this natural highway to Central
Africa. Its cost would probably exceed half a million sterling
annually, with great loss of life from the climate ; the ex¬
penditure could never be remunerative, and we should not get
the consent of foreign Powers, which have a right to be con¬
sulted. Plainly speaking, it is not the business or the duty of
England to invade and rule the interior of Africa for the sako
of putting down the Arab slave trade. This author's pathetic
chapter on •• the Heart Disease of Africa ” touches, indeed, our
feelings of compassion and indignation, but not our national
conscience. Germany, in fact, has lately undertaken a much moro
distinct responsibility, by annexing the vast territory between tho
Zanzibar coast and LakcTanganyika, for the suppression of that
inhuman traffic, than G reat Britain has ever thought fit to do. The
ancient dominion of Portugal, founded on the discovery of tho
Brnth-eastern coast by Vasco Da Gama, involves an abiding
responsibility for the exclusion of the same evil; but our own
nation has no special authority to enforce the discharge of
these duties. Freedom of intercourse with the interior must
not be denied, and the rest must be left to voluntary and spon¬
taneous action. Many readers will turn again with greater
pleasure to Professor Drummond's studies of Tropical African
entomology. ’Ihe most novel and original topic is that of
the invaluable services rendered by the termite, incorrectly
called “ the white ant.” in breaking np the hard sun-dried
crust of the earth, and in pulverising its substance, by swallow¬
ing and afterwards disgorging every minute grain, thereby
converting it into fertile soil. This is just the same work that
Darwin has shown to be performed by earthworms in our own
country, and in other lands under a temperate, soft, and moist
climate.
Tiie Chameleon: Fogitirr Fancic* on Many-coloured
Matter*. By Charles J. Dunphie, author of *■ Wildfire,"
“Sweet Sleep," ho. (Ward nnd Downey).—These humorous
essays on social manners and minor morals, with an agreeable
flavour of literary scholarship and a happy mixture of di¬
verting anecdotes, may be recommended as pleasant reading to
those who have an intelligent perception of irony, and who
can understand that the lively author sometimes affects to
contend for propositions directly op] hi site to his real sentiments
and convictions. Beyond the sportive exercise of wit and
ingenuity in support of a paradox which nobody will seriously
accept, and the refreshing sense of liberation from orthodox
constraint of thought and feeling, it is often useful to show up,
in this manner, tho flimsy and capricious falso arguments, or
rather the sophistical tacit assumptions, that lurk in the mind
disposed to wrong views of life and duty. Comedy, when
finely and discreetly administered—in which art, practised not
in the dramatic form, but in the mock didactic, we find Mr.
Dunphie a skilful master—is not less instructive than tbo
most solemn preaching of sermons; and his whimsical dis¬
courses in praise of egotism and personal vanity, in glorification
of obstinacy, and in exultation over “ thedelight of being in debt,”
are calculated to suggest very good reasons for avoiding those
particular faults of temper and conduct. Besides seeking thus
to “ purge the mind ” of unconscious erring tendencies, as Greek
tragedy was deemed to purge it of feeble pity and base terror,
by a homoeopathic kind of medicine, he succeeds in provoking
many an innocent laugh at his odd fancies and quaint conceits,
in a vein reminding us now and then of Leigh Hunt, or of
Charles Lamb, or some other of the elder writers of freo-
spirited essays. Mr. Dunphie, however, is not always at his
best; and there are jokes of his which drop flat and look small,
or which miss their effect of point by a failure in the handling;
there is also too much harping on the same string, as in the
frequent repetition of an extravagant eulogy of women, com¬
pared with men. It is no great fun, either, constantly to
speak of Shakspeare as “ William," or to talk of " friends and
friendesses.” or to employ the stale old interjections, “Zounds,”
“ Oddsbodikins,” and “ Marry come up 1 ” Except for such
freaks and tricks, the style of tbeso writings is good, and so is
a.great portion of their matter. With the prose essays are
intermingled a few pieces of English and of Latin verse, both
of tolerable quality.
Auttrian Health Retort*. By YV. Fraser Rae (Chapman
and Hall).—Although we may not be prepared to admit that a
man who discovers a new health resort deserves as much
honour as one who invents a new sauce, we should be ungrate¬
ful to Mr. Fraser Rae if we failed to welcome the timely
appearanco of his pleasantly-written volume. Mr. Fraser has
travelled mnch and observed many things in countries far and
near—and his quickness in seizing the characteristics of places
and individuals is accompanied by a happy way of recounting
his impressions. In tho present volume he deals with places
with which we are, most of us, well acquainted, to onr pleasure
or regret. Amongst such arc Carlsbad, Marienbad, Teplitz,
Ischl and Meran; and of all these he has something new to
tell us about the treatment prescribed (from a layman’s point
of view), the hardships to be endured, and the benefits
to bo obtained. He has, however, gone far deeper into tho
history, associations, and resources of each of these spots, about
which one might think little remains unsaid. He shows, too,
what pleasant halting-places these “ baths ” can be made for
those who do not care to snbmit to the severer ordeal prescribed
by the doctors, but are glad to take advantage of the “ resources
of civilisation " which the yearly influx of visitors has created.
For example, he expatiates at some length on the attractions
of Giesshubl-Pncbstein, of which visitors to Carlsbad hear so
much, and with which they acquaint themselves only by an
occasional day’s excursion. About Teplitz, Mr. Fraser Rae
tells us a story which, if not merely a local myth, might
deserve some investigation. Ho says that on Nov. I, 1735,
the day on which the Lisbon earthquake occurred, tho
principal spring of Teplitz ceased to flow for seven
minutes, and then for a time poured forth blood red
water. The close proximity of lignite iu largo quantities
may explain this change of colour, but throws no light
on the wide extension of the subterranean disturbance. Not
the least interesting portion of Mr. Fraser Rae’s book is that
which he devotes to the less known health-resorts of tho
Austrian Tyrol Roncegno—about three hours to the cast of
Trent, in the valley of tho Brenta ; Lcvico, at the entrance of
the Val Sugana, at an elevation of 4300 ft.; nnd Arco, which
may possibly be known to those who have spent a few days at
ltiva, at the Lago di Garda. Each of these places is absolutely
unhackneyed, and almost untrodden by British or American
feet; but the accommodation each offers would suffice to make
far less attractive spots supportable. At Roncegno the
additional attraction of a “ mud-bath " or “ mud-poultice,” to
speak more accurately, is offered to such as suffer from
muscular rheumatism, and apparently with useful results.
The special feature, however, of tho water drunk by the
patients here is its strong impregnation with arsenic, re¬
sembling in this particular the better known springs
of La Bonrboule in Auvergne. The chapters on the
hitter waters of Hungary introduces ns to scarcely moro
than the names of Margaret Island, St. Agnes’ Water,
which lies within half an hour of Buda-Pestli; but, as we can
hardly imagine persons in the mild pursuit of health resorting
to such beverages as those of the Hunjadi Janos or Rdkoczy
springs, we do not quarrel with Mr. Fraser Rae for dismissing
them so briefly. The value of his book for general readers,
for travellers —rheumatic, dyspeptic, and the like—is to be
found in the other chapters; but however attractive may be
the spots the author describes, however efficacious the waters
he recommends, the invalid—real or imaginary—should bear
in his mind tho time-honoured Roman inscription on a bath:—
“ C'urarum vacuus hunc adeas locum, ut morbum vacuus abire
queas, non curatur qui curat "—Leave care behind if you seek
a cure.
That Si*ter-in-I.aw oj Mine, by Harry Parkcs (Frederick
Warne and Co.) is not a contribution to the Deceased Wife's
Sister's question, but the humorous account of the domestic
troubles springing from a too lively young lady. The illus¬
trations, to which the text is altogether subsidiary, are drawn
with considerable spirit nnd correctness of outline, but at
times the fun seems somewhat forced and second-hand. It is
essentially a hot weather volume, and one to turn over whilst
lying on the sand or heather, too lazy even to think, and tho
author has bestowed so much pains upon it that we can only
hope that its success will not be marred by the inclemency of
the season.
The Clothworkcrs’ Company have given £30 towards the
educational work of the Bow and Bromley Institute, the com¬
mittee of which arc appealing for £300 to enable them to
continue the work which has been carried on with such success
during the past eighteen years, also to provide a gymnasium
for the recreation of the students, who last year numbered
upwards of 1500.
“ WORLD-ENGLISH.”
Mr. Alexander Melville Bell, the well-known author of
“ Visible Speech " and other cognate works, has turned his
attention to the forming of a universal language. His views
on the subject are set forth in a small book, entitled “ World-
English,” which is published by Trubner and Co. To English-
speaking people, this treatise must needs be of great interest,
hastening the universal knowledge of the English tongue;
and to other nations it has this great recommendation over
Volapiik and like systems, that in learning it one acquires
another living language that is fast becoming the language
of the civilised world. Mr. Bell goes so far aB to say no
language could be invented for international use that would
surpass English in grammatical simplicity, and in general
fitness to become the tongue of the world.' Its only draw¬
back, in his opinion, is its difficult and unsystematic spelling,
and this he sets about amending for YY’orld-English purposes
os follows. He uses seventeen of the consonants of the
English alphabet, retaining their customary sounds; and
excludes r. q, and r —the first having the k or s sound, the
Becond because it bos the sound of k, and the third because
of its having the sound of ks or gz. 1 he letter g is always
to have its bard sound, as in go; the letter j indicating the
soft sonnd. There are nine new consonant letters added for
sonnds unrepresented in our alphabet. The five vowels are asso¬
ciated with fixed, instead of fluctuating, sounds, and have marks
to show certain specific sonnds. These changes, with a few other
modifications, are all that Mr. Bell thinks necessary to fit
English for a universal language. The system, it will be seen,
is simple enough ; bnt its simplicity is its chief excellence,
and bids fair to ensure its general adoption.
LORD SALISBURY OX COLONISATION.
A deputation from the Parliamentary Colonisation Committee,
headed by SirW. Houldswortb,M.P., waited on Lord Salisbury
nt the Foreign Office on July 11. Sir W. Houldsworth, in
introducing the deputation, said their object was to ask the
Government with the consent of Parliament to establish a
colonisation board, and to guarantee interest at 3 per cent per
annum for a term of thirty years on any amount the publio
might subscribe towards a colonisation landrent charge stock.
The greatest amount which the Government would be called
upon to advance by way of interest would be £15,000, and
this amount would be repaid to the Treasury out of the pro¬
ceeds received from settlers in five years. They believed that
the land, when settled upon, and after the capital which they
proposed bad been expended upon it, would in itself be ample
security for both principal and interest.
Lord Salisbury said this was a very difficult question. He
considered it, as he had considered it last year, one of the
most difficult questions modern statesmen might give their
attention to. The difficulties were twofold. The first was—
would the colonists receive them / It used to be thought,
where a certain number of Englishmen settled on the border
of a newly-discovered land, that to hand over the remainder
was the mode most likely to command its settlement, bnt
experience has shown that anticipation had been mistaken, os ho
thought a little foresight would hare taught people. It might
easily have been foreseen that when the working classes in the
Colonies came to have power they would look at the fact that
emigrants were likely to flood the country and have the effect
of reducing the rate of wages. They hod already had
indications of that shown in many of onr colonies. It
was doubtful, also, whether Englishmen, with their breeding
and blood, could work exposed to the heat of the sun in our
Crown colonies. A more serious difficulty was that of finance.
Sir W. Houldsworth had been trying to steer between a
narrow zone which separated the gift from an investment.
He (Lord Salisbury) would bring the proposals of the depu¬
tation under the consideration of his colleagues, but he
thought those present must be conscious that that was not the
time for the Chancellor of tho Exchequer to dispose of gifts of
that kind. Almost all the time the Government could afford
was claimed for objects even more imperative than the high
and beneficent object which the deputation were aiming at.
THE TWELFTH OF JULY.
The Orange celebrations in the north of Ireland passed off, in
nearly every instance, without serious disturbance.
The meeting at Lambeg, near Belfast, was attended by
over 40,000 people, and addresses were delivered by tho Rev.
Dr. Kane (Grand Master of Belfast), Mr. J. n. Trymble
(Grand Master of Queensland). Mr. Fitzgerald (Grand Master
of Ontario), ond Mr. Clarke (member of the Canadian Parlia¬
ment and Grand Master of British North America).
The demonstration at Portodown was attended by nearly
13,000 Orangemen. Colonel Saundcrson, M.P., said the mean¬
ing of their assembling in their thousands that day was to
Bhow that, while they were law-abiding and loyal, they had
strong arms, which they intended, if necessary, to use, sooner
than submit to hostile rule. The other speakers were Mr.
J. YV. Maclean, M.P., and Mr. Smith Barry, M.P.
At the Castlcwellan meeting, which was held in Lord
Annesley’s demesne, several thousand Orangemen attended,
and were addressed by Mr. Johnston, M.P., of Ballykilbeg, and
other prominent members of the order. On the return-journey,
a lively Beene took place in Downpatrick. Orangemen wanted
to march through a Nationalist district, but were prevented
by the police, who had to use their batons freely.
The Liverpool Orangemen celebrated the Twelfth of July
at Halton Castle, near Runcorn. Members of the order and
friends, to the number of nearly 3000, left in a special train,
at an early hour in the morning, accompanied by several bands
of music and a large number of banners. Arrived at Runcoru,
a procession was formed, and the Orangemen marched to tbo
castle.
The north-western province of the Loyal Orange Institution
of England held a demonstration at Mary port, when Orange¬
men wearing their regalia attended from all parts of Cumber¬
land. Although the bands played party tunes and their pro¬
gress through the streets was watched by the Roman Catholic
party, no disturbance occurred. The Rev. Edward Sampson,
Vicar of Moryport, addressed tho Orangemen.
The Glasgow Orangemen celebrated tho Twelfth of July.
The weather was splendid. They met in their thousands on
Glasgow-green, and with bands playing nnd banners flying
marched to Thornlic-bank, where in a field they passed reso¬
lutions declaring their unabated confidence in the Unionist
policy of her Majesty's Government, and determining to sup¬
port them in refusing a separate Parliament to the Irish
Nationalists.
The shareholders of the Westminster Aqnarinm Company
have resolved to accept an offer to purchase the undertaking
for £330,000.
The First Lord of the Admiralty aud Lady George Hamilton
visited, on July 11, the Royal Victoria Patriotic Asylum for
Fatherless Daughters of Sailors, Soldiers, and Marines, which
is situated on YVandsworth-common ; and distributed prizes to
the children, of whom there are now 290 maintained in the
institution.
•jasso®
1ISTER.
IN AN ACCIDENT WARD.
ACCIDENT WARD.
WMIMM
PROBATIONER.
A CHEERFUL PATIENT
74
JULY 21, II
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
The celebration of the tercentenary of the Armada has been
curiously managed. The statement widely circulated, and loft
uncontradictcd for months, that the chief Catholic Peer of
England, who was so strangely chosen for the chairman of so
essentially Protestant a celebration, had accepted that office
on condition that Queen Elizabeth should not be mentioned in
connection with the celebration, was alone calculated to
deaden public interest, A memorial of the Armada without
mention of Elizabeth would indeed be “Hamlet” with the title-
rilo removed. The Armada was tho last stroke in the long duel
between Elizabeth and her natural heiress, Mary. Queen of
Scots. Mary, reaching from the grave to strike this blow, be¬
queathed the realms of Britain to Philip of Spain, in the
event of her own son remaining Protestant; in Babington's con¬
spiracy, which immediately bxl to Mary's murder, the moving
spirit was a Catholic priest who came to England os an
emissary from Philip of Spain to promise aid to Mary's friends
in making an effort for her; and the Armada was at once
Philip's performance of his promises to the English Catholics
and his attempt to secure the throne lieqneathed to him by her
whom Catholics necessarily considered as not merely tho
heiress to tho Crown of England, but as the rightful owner
in present fact of that crown, which Elizabeth had illegally
usurped. It is appalling to read of the ill-preparation of England
to meet the invasion : of how the Admiral had few war-ships,
and no wages and but scanty rations for his men : of how Cecil
simply gave it up, and went to bed sick with despair ; and of
how military commands were misbestowed. But with all the
troubles and terrors of that great week just three hundred
years ago, there was at tho bottom the solid ground of safety
of the popular love for and trnst in the “admired Eropressc."
False and faulty as she was. Elizabeth had great qualities,
and the great heart of her England responded to them, and
rallied round her at her appeal. An Armada celebration and
Elizabeth ignored—preposterous!
Royal Commissions and strikes continue to claim attention
for the sad problem of the overstocked female labour-market.
It must have been a new experience for the Royal Com¬
missioners on “sweating,” when a quiet young woman sat
down before them to demonstrate the untruth of an assertion
that no more than four shillings per week could be earned by
the most expert buttonhole makers. This worker executed her
first buttonhole in a cloth coat in 4 minutes, the two next in 3|
minutes each, and the last in 3} minutes. By working at this
rate for eleven hours daily she would earn twenty-six shillings
per week. Yet it was admitted by the so-called “ sweater,’ or
middle-man employer, who brought her before the Commission,
that the average earnings of a hand only amounted to abont
fi teen shillings; and, of conrse, this statement means that
while some earn considerably more, many earn a great deal
less than that—which may lie taken, as far as I can judge, as
tho lowest sum on which a girl can live tolerably comfortably.
But in these variations in the wages in one employment
may lie perceived a turning point of the whole problem of
wages. It is because the lower class of workers are so
unskilleil—because that cither their form of labour is easily
acquired and gives no scope for skill, or else that the indi¬
vidual has not enough skill in the labour—that the lowest
workers are so very badly paid. The poor match-girls' business,
for instance, is one in which the very slightest degree of
natural ability suffices, and in which the highest skill possible
is quickly attained. They do their work, certainly, with mar¬
vellous rapidity; but the skill implied in attaining to that
rapidity is very small—any girl can do likewise after a few
months' practice. Buttonholing is much more of an art.
There are some people who can never learn to put their
stitches rapidly with the accuracy and draw them with
the precision of force that make good buttonholes. The
really skilful women can, as that one showed tho Roy al Com¬
mission, earn good wages, such as not the quickest and
cleverest match-girl can approach. This is clearly, then, not
an arbitrary arrangement. Match-making is one of the least
difficult forms of labour; it is practically unskilled labour,
indeed ; and the supply of such labour is so large compared
with the amount of work that it can do that necessarily the
wages of it are pushed down. It is so with male labour; it is
yet more so with regard to female labour, because of the fewer
employments for which women are eligible and their greater
abundance, and hence the heavier competition amongst them
for employment. ,
Such competition for the work inevitably brings down the
wages. On what other principle can an employer fix his wages
except on that of paying the lowest wages which will procure
tho labour he requires ? And the greater the competition for
work amongst the unskilled labourers the lower the wages which
each of them will be thankful to accept for his work, down to
just above starvation point. And the greater the numbers of
the unskilled labourers seeking work the more severe must bo
such competition amongst them for employment. And so we
arrive at last—surely by no dark or doubtful observations I—at
the crux of the whole matter—the superabundance of popula¬
tion as compared with the capital available for its mainten¬
ance. The population of this kingdom continues to increase
at nearly the rate of a thousand a day; a thousand
more beings with all the human needs, to be satisfied only by
human exertion, are born into our midst day by day, in excess
of those who die. Neither the produce of onr own soil nor tho
demand of other countries for our manufactured goods in
return for their food products, increases in like proportion ;
and this pressure of population on the means of subsistence is
the root cause of poverty, of low wages, and of the seething
struggle of unskilled labourers—so sad to sec, so cruel to be
engaged in. Women, as the weaker sex—speaking from the
industrial point of view—necessarily suffer most in that cruel
struggle. But, sad and painful though the thought must be, it
is impossible to avoid the conviction, if one sees the truth about
the root of the evil, that no Royal Commissions or Inquiry
Committees, or strikes or charitable funds or other temporary
devices, can by any possibility really help those who Buffer
most. The only remedies are, alas I slow: they arc
those which increase individual intelligence and skill, as
all educational efforts must do ; which make parents more
alive to their duties towards their offspring, so that men and
women may be ashamed to look in the faces of children whom
they cannot properly feed, warm, and educate in childhood,
and train to skilful labour in youth ; and which encourage
the young swarms from the parent hive to take flight and
settle in less crowded regions, where Nature's unexhausted
fertility only awaits the appealing touch of her children to
pour forth her riches into their hands.
Is all this dull ? It is not so to me, and I would fain hope
it is not so either to other women, whose sympathies can
reach beyond the narrow range of their own attire and pretty
surroundings. The world needs thought and effort from
women, and it is of consequence that they should not lie
wasted. For those who can give money and believe
that they can give nothing else, the support of a hospital
may bo commended as a simple good work. The provision
of medical skill and comforts for the poor, disabled
by sickness, often eaves lives in their most valuable period
when the support of a family depends on tbc parent s exertions,
often averts years of hopeless illness, often prevents the ex¬
tremity of hopeless physical pain. The New Hospital for
Women, which has put forth an appeal for funds for a now
building, is officered entirely by women physicians, bast
vear, in the small and inconvenient house in Mnrylebone-road
where the hospital is now carried on. no fewer than Jb.i in¬
patients and 5163 out-patients, sought relief by moans or the
skill of doctors and surgeons of their own sex. Important oper¬
ations are undertaken in the hospital, yet in the year there
were only four deaths. Flobence Fenwick-Milleb.
CONVERSAZIONE AT KING'S COLLEGE.
In connection with the Lambeth Conference, the Society for
Promoting Christian Knowledge received, on July I-, tne
dignitaries of the Church now assembled in London, at Kings
College. The Archbishop of Canterbury received the guests
in the hall from eight to nine, and then followed a series of
interesting addresses touching on the work done in their various
dislricts, by the Bishops of Iowa, Calcutta, Sydney, and
Rupert's Land. These addresses chiefly dwelt on the systematic
method of promulgating truth, with due regard to the condi¬
tions and habits of the various nations and peoples, to whom
the truth should be brought. In the intervals, the ltev. J.
Bridger. with the artistic assistance of the magic lantern,
lectured on “Work among Emigrants," and in the Natural
History Museum, such interesting objects as the • Develop¬
ment of the Frog:” tho "Third Eye of Vertebrates, and
“ Fresh Water Medusa " (I.imnoendium Souserbii) were ex-
liibitcd. The Royal Artillery band performed a selection of
s-cular music, the organ pealed occasionally in the chapel in
deeper religions tones, in the Wheatstone Laboratory electric
phenomena were shown by familiar experiments, mechanical
and metallurgical works were in fall operation in the lower
basement; and every form of vital activity, from microscopic
specimens to Handel's “Angels, ever bright and fair." sung by
Miss Florence Monk, was placed before the eminent theologians
and their friends for inspection or criticism. Among the
various exhibits, special mention should be made of the models
shown by the King’s College School Mission, Lower Homerton,
conducted by the Rev. E. L. G. Houndle—founder of many
good clubs and classes—and the ecclesiastical needlework and
panel pictures, the work of the Art College for Ladies, super¬
intended by Miss Bennett, in South Wimbledon. The hangings
of flax cloth, or “ stayned linen,” were of special excellence.
The evening was one of pleasing memory, undisturbed by any
conflict of dogmas. __
A JOURNEY IN MONTENEGRO.
A report from Mr. Baring, British Agent at Cettinje, describing
a tour which he recently made in Montenegro, has been laid
before Parliament. At present, travelling in that country is
perfectly safe and an escort is unnecessary; the people are
civil and easy to get on with, but the roads in most cases are
bad even for those on horseback. At the famous monastery
of Ostrog, about twelve hours' journey from Cettinje, Mr.
Baring saw the Montenegrin dance on the terrace at night.
It is curious. bat not graceful, the dancers displaying wonder¬
ful activity and suppleness of limb. “ A ring is formed, and
a man and woman begin the dance by springing as high
ns they can into the air with the arms raised above the
head. After a few bounds they change sides with a prodigious
spring, twisting round in the air as they pass. A couple
will dance for a minute or so, and, when exhausted, will be
succeeded by another couple, and so on.” There is no
musical accompaniment. Although everyone carries arms the
people are orderly and well-behaved, and no quarrelling was
observed. There is only a single road in the whole country—
that from Cattaro to Rieka—fit for wheeled traffic, and there is
practically no industry, for the pure Montenegrin has “an
almost insuperable aversion ” to industrial occupations. This
is probably due to the old feeling that the trade of war is
the only one in which a man can worthily engage. In
Cettinje one must have recourse to a foreigner to have the
simplest piece of work done ; the tailors arc from Scutari, the
carpenters and painters from Trieste, the masons from Bosnia.
The country is purely pastoral and agricultural; sheep and
cattle are reared in considerable numbers in the districts
annexed to Montenegro by the Berlin Treaty ; but there is no
market, and the oxen are poor and undersized. Little
provision is made to feed the animals in winter, and
many of them die of starvation. The fores's cannot be used
until the communication is improved. In reference to
numerous applications from British mercantile houses, Mr.
Baring says the import trade is extremely small, and is almost
entirely in the hands of Trieste dealers, who give long credits.
The imports are mainly groceries, cloth, cotton goods, hard¬
ware, glass, crockery—ail of tho commonest description,
except the green and white cloth used for men's coots. If
commercial travellers arc sent a knowledge of Italian is abso¬
lutely indispensable. It has been suggested that a depot or
store of British goods at Antivari, from which retail dealers
could draw supplies, would be advantageous. The manager
of such a store, however, would hove to know the language,
character, and requirements of the people well.
A meeting was held on July II, at the residence of the
Earl and Countess of Aberdeen, for the purpose of hearing
addresses on the present position of the co-operative movement
among the labouring classes. Lord Brassey, who presided,
said it was satisfactory to know that they had been successful
in certain cases in establishing industries upon the co-operative
method. In 1886 there were sixty-six productive societies, and
the returns of sixty-one of them showed a shore capital of
£552,814, with a membership of 22,701. In connection with
the meeting an exhibition of work produced by the co-opcra-
tive system was held, in which some twenty-four different
societies took part.
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THE LONDON HOSPITAL.
There are about eighty institutions described as “hospitals"
within the metropolitan area; but twelve of these are large
“general” hospitals,with schools of medicine attached to them.
T ho others are mostly, in some sense or other, “ special "—that
is to say, they receive only patients of a particular description,
as women or children, or patients of a single nationality, or
patients suffering from a disease either of some single kind or
of some single organ. An hospital for paralysis will serve as an
illustration of the former class, and an hospital for diseases of
the throat of the latter.
The twelve general hospitals, to which medical schools are
attached, had, collectively, during the year 1887, a daily average
of 3562 occupied beds ; and in the course of the year they
received 43,970 in-patients and 511.914 out-patients The
remaining sixty-nine had an average of 2115 occupied beds, and
they received 24,648 in-patients and 493.337 out-patients.
Two of tho great hospitals, St. Bartholomew's and St.
Thomas's, are sufficiently endowed to bo independent of con¬
tributions from the public ; and Guy’s, until qnite recently,
was in the same position. In consequence, however, of the
lessened annual valae of its estates, Guy s has now been com¬
pelled to seek for aid.
All the remaining institutions are at least partially
dependent upon subscriptions and donations, and, failing
those, are compelled cither to refuse patients or to sacrifice
investments. The actual total expenditure of tho year 1887
is said to have exceeded the total income by nearly £ 100,000,
and the deficiency must, of course, either remain as a debt or
be supplied by the aid of such collections as those made on
“ Hospital .Sunday ” and “ Hospital Saturday."
If we regard the great general hospitals, with their medical
schools, it would be difficult to find any other human institu¬
tions which do so much good and so little harm. The medical
and surgical officers of such hospitals are invariably the fittest
men, who hove passed satisfactorily through tho ordeal of
student life under the observation of those by whom they are
ultimately selected ns colleagues, and who have given proofs
of the necessary ability and of tho necessary industry at each
successive step of their career. The best physicians and
surgeons in general practice arc often those xvho have derived
their knowledge from what they have been taught at one of
the general hospitals, and who bring that knowledge to the
relief of numbers whom the hospitals may not directly benefit,
AVithont the hospitals there would be no doctors, either for tho
rich or for the poor ; and the great results, in tho way of
diminished mortality and of diminished suffering, which
the last half century has witnessed, would not have been
brought about. Every patient who is cured in a genera!
hospital is a means by which the students and future practi¬
tioners of medicine add to their knowledge of the way in
which diseases such ns his should be controlled ; and the
indirect benefit to the community is manifestly very great in
addition to the good of the immediate cure. For this reason
the hospitals which possess medical schools are truly national
institutions, not only charities for the benefit of the poor, but
of equal value to all classes, and which should, therefore, be
supported by all. It would bo impossible, in the interests of
the State, for any Government to allow them to languish, if a
time ever came at which sufficient voluntary support were no
longer supplied.
The London Hospital, in Whitechapel, is situated, where it
is most needed, in the heart of the vast East-End population,
roughly estimated at upwards of a million and a quarter, con¬
sisting mostly of artisans, workpeople, dock and railway
labourers, sailors, and others, to whom it is the only refuge in
cases of accident or serious illness. But this situation, which
makes it so useful, renders it at the same time unlikely to
attract the notice of the wealthier classes in London.
During the vear 1887 there were 8863 in-patients treated
within its walls. Of these 2381 were accidents, 3638 were
extra urgent cases. There can be no doubt that the necessary
closing of the wards of other large general hospitals has
pushed a greater number than ever to the London Hospital,
where, though the assured income is small and dependence is
chiefly resting on voluntary contributions, the generosity of
tho public in past years has hitherto kept all the wards open.
It is only once every five years that an appeal for maintenance
is made, and it is earnestly to be hoped that the response to the
present appeal may be as sufficient as those to the appeals of
1878 and 1883.
Tho average stay of an in-patient is nearly a month, at an
average total cost of about five guineas, which, for the 8260
newly-admitted patients, makes a necessary expenditure of
£43,365 ; the out-patients costing tbc comparatively 6mall
sum of £7500. No effort is spared to confine the benefits of tho
hospital to the poor, for whom it is intended—excluding both
those who ought to pay for private medical attendance and
those who should be dealt with by the parish authorities,
except in cases of accident or urgency.
The assured income is little over £16,000, and the Hospital
Sunday and Saturday Funds together go but two-firth* of tho
way to make up the required amount. The London Hospital
has during the last few years suffered the loss of some of its
most generous supporters by death, and it is to be hoped that
others will come forward to supply their place, and that many
will send in their names to the secretary promising to subscribe
something for the next five years.
It may be mentioned that during the last period. 1883-88,
it was found necessary to provide better accommodation for
the nursing staff. This has been done, and now every nurse
and probationer has her own separate bed-room ; but now no
enlargement of the hospital is either contemplated or would
bo desirable, and the pressing need for liberal help at the pre¬
sent time is merely to maintain this great hospital in working
efficiency.
The foregoing statements are taken from the circular issued
by the committee of management, and signed by tho Duke of
Cambridge, President; the Bishop of London, Cardinal
Manning, Baron Leopold de Rothschild. Vice-Presidents ; Sir.
J. II. Buxton, Treasurer; and Mr. F. C. Carr-Gomm, Chairman
of the house committee.
Tho first annual dinner of the Liberty and Property Defence
League was given on July 12, at the Freemasons' Tavern, tho
Earl of Wemyss in the chair. Sir Massey Lopes proposed
“ The Houses of Parliament," and in doing so deprecated over-
legislation. The Earl of Wcmyss said the object of the League
was to uphold liberty, and object to Stat.' interference, which
they held to be injurious to the prosperity of the country.
In the presence of a large gathering, Mr. MacAndrew. of
Westwood House, Little Horkesley, Essex, a native of Elgin,
recently handed over the Mucklc Cross of Elgin, which ho
hag restored, to the custody of the Town Council. At a
public banquet held in the Townball, afterwards. Air. Alac-
Andrcw was presented with the freedom of the city, in reply
to which he said it was his early and plcasnrnble associations
with Elgin that had made him present the restored SI tickle
Cross to the city. The cross, which is built somewhat on the
lines of the Edinburgh Cross, was designed by Mr. Sydney
Mitchell, Edinburgh.
JULY 21, 1883
ITT^T r atk mi!, w. )'• roHsuoii.
■Cn,,, ,H Warn Edward Forster By T
IJfe of V0 ] S . (Chapman anil Hatl).-r-Politicnl
Wemy«I ®«' d • L instances, has seemed to be overlaid wit U
and with detailed records of Pam -
extracts ,ron L d f_4 1) ’: ne6S amidst which the man hims<. I is
” ent ^vUible as a^stant individual, presence. But .he. -
scarcely visible forest as the reader will soon fin l. in
is no iack of perso ^1 ^ nfc by an able Liberal public
t! " 9 ,‘r rU of the^Li e" of one of the most honest and useful of
writer, of tne ,.. tcsn)en . Mr. Forster, who died on
contrnipomry £ g 8 ; x ty.eighth year, was indeed a man of so
A,,rl ‘’Jrional a character, his though is and sentiments and
? pro "*' onal politicians, that an appreciative memoir of him
T, fail to be engaging by the originality and mo, .
“nl nce'o its sa^eet 8 Mr*Wemyss Reid has treated ,he
Ildo-ctw.il, by allowing it to show itself m the mans publ ,
and private actions and expressions, rather than depicting ■ r
cri iSilly estimating their merits in a lengthened comment try.
This book is fair and impartial history, as it appears to
those who have a precise recollection of events, and
it is not more laudatory than must be approved by the
majority of Englishmen, Conservatives and Liberals,
old enough to have watched every step of Mr. Forsters
career The significance of that career, in one respect.
' "be viewed together with those of Mr. Cobden and
Mr John Bright, men with whom Mr. Forster was not
very intimately associated. They are eminent examples
of the public virtues characteristic of the English com¬
mercial middle class, those members of it who have in
this age been called by a spirit of duty to take a great part in
affairs of State. Mr. Forster was not, indeed, one of those
who owed their entrance into politics to the memorable efforts
of the Anti-Corn-Law League : nor was he sjiccially addicted to
the advocacy of tho Free Trade and Economy doctrines of
“the Manchester School.” Being from hiscarlv youth strongly
imbued with the principles of Democracy, lie differed from
many other Radicals of that time in his higher idea of
tho functions of National Government, anl of the rightful
powers and responsibilities of the State, which he sought
to apply more immediately to tho education and protection
of the people. Ho entertained, also, wider aspirations
for tho exercise of British Imperial power in distant
colonies and dependencies, to prevent the oppression of
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NE WS
SILVER WEDDING OUT O!' THE TOWN OF KIN
THE OLD GREY FRIARS’ TOWEll.
uncivilised races of mankind. These sentiments were inherent
from the beginning* of his manhood; and it is
him tbe y were genuine moral convictions. His
latest iclea, that of Confederation of the British dominions,
was not inspired by the high-flown “Imperialism” of the
Beaconsfield period. If he sometimes departed from the
Aching of the excellent Quakers who had trained his boy-
nooa, m asserting his readiness to go to war, in South Africa
or in the Soudan, for the suppression of inhumanity, while he
was a zealous supporter of our military defences, lie was.
nevertheless, a true friend of peace with all the nations of
nurope. 1 he intoxicating pride of Empire and the glitter of
martial glory were abhorrent to his disposition. What lay at
me Dot.om of his heart was the duty of the State to its own
subjects and dependents. This noble motive, which arises
S.£i lyfro J? ^democratic views of politics, has never
mated an English mind with greater force and constancy
<K t,lat ot Mr. Forster, it prompted him to pass
no Education Act of 1870 : and it sustained him, during
enfl-T 0 yejrs from May, I8S0, to May, 18*2, in his stern
nttiot with Irish agrarian outrages, simultaneously with
an d protecting a distressed peasantry by the Irish
nana Act Equality of civil, srcial, and political rights was a
jtmoiple deeply engraved in his understanding of national
I tals was his idea of justice, and he preferred it to the
inuBlgence of a vague sentiment of “ liberty.” The biography,
<n course, discloses many personal and domestic incidents,
rmdi will attract readers who do not stand in need of fresh
I? 01 ™ atl0, > “"truing Mr. Forster's doings as a politician,
nis father, William Forster, of Tottenham and Bridport. a
most zealous and devoted religious preacher and missionary of
lag. Society of Friends, is known for his charitable labours
tiring the Irish famine of 1X47. and among the negro slaves
JJ, ® , 1 “ted States, where he died. The mother of William
wnvanl Forster was Anna Buxton, sister of .Sir Thomas
owell Buxton, the eminent champion of the anti-slavery
herself likewise an active preacher among the *• Friends.’*
j) 8 nia parents were by no means rich, William Echvard
rorster. affor plain schooling up to the age of seventeen,
as placed in a camlet factory at Norwich, to learn the
®*nai{emeut of the business j and subsequently, in th<? woollen
SILVER WEDDING GIFT FllOM OFFICERS OF HOUSEHOLD CAVALRY : LAMl*
CIGAR CASE, IN FORM OF CUIRASSES AND KETTLE DRVMB.
factory of the Peases, at Darlington. He spent some time in
London, and assisted his uncle, Sir T. F. Buxton, in corre¬
spondence, statistics, and literary work for the anti-slavery
crusade. In 1841, he joined Mr. T. S. Fison as a wool-stapler,
at Bradford ; where, a few years later, with Mr. William Fison,
he set up as a woollen manufacturer ; and their factory was
ultimately removed to Burley, near Otley, in Wharfedale.
Mr. Foster sterns, like Cobden, to have prospered quickly in
business; he resided some time at K&wdon, Appcrley Bridge,
bat, soon after his marriage, built, a new house at Wharfeside.
In the town of Bradford, among the robust, blunt, hard-headed
Yorkshiremen of the working-class, he won great popularity,
sympathising openly with the Chartists in their political aims,
while he forbade all idea of resorting to violence. He accom¬
panied his fathers benevolent mission to Ireland during the
famine, visited Paris in the Revolutionary year 1848, made the
acquaintance of Carlyle. Emerson, the Rev. F. D. Maurice, and
other persons of literary note, and contributed articles to the II Wf-
wirtstcr Itcrieic. In 18.10, he married Miss Jane Arnold, daughter
of the deceased Rev. Dr. Arnold, the eminent head-master of
Rugby School. Mr. Forster then left the religious community
of “ Friends,” called by the world *• Quakers,” blit always kept
up affectionate relations with its members whom he had
before known. It was in 1857 that he was first proposed as a
candidate for a seat in Parliament, and in February, 1801, he
was elected for Bradford. In a cursory review of this book,
little more need be said of his political career, which con¬
tinued a quarter of a century without interruption. He was
Under-Secretary for the Colonies at the end of 1805, and Vice-
President of the Council, really Minister of Education, in
1S0X, holding office in the Cabinet in Mr. Gladstones first
Administration : and he passed the Ballot Act, in 1872. He was
regarded as a fitting successor to Mr. Gladstone as leader of
the Liberal Party in 1875, and bore an important part in
opposing Lord Beaconsfield’s foreign policy, having visited
Bulgaria and Turkey to obtain information.” He was the first
Chief Secretary to the Government of Ireland in Mr. Glad¬
stone’s second Ministry, directing the prosecution of 3Ir.
Parnell and others, and afterwards ordering the suppression of
the Land League, with the arrest, under a special Act, of
hundreds of persons suspected of treasonable or seditious
practice*. Nearly 240 pages of the second volume arc
filled with the events of Mr. Forster's Irish Secretary¬
ship, including private correspondence between him and
Mr. Gladstone, which will he perused with much in¬
terest. 31 r. Forster had more than one narrow escape from
assassination at Dublin. Iu looking back over twenty-five
years of such an active Parliamentary life, besides the subjects
already noticed, wc have to consider his attitude and senti¬
ments with regard to various other questions : the American
Civil War, the Alabama Claims, and the Geneva Arbitration ;
the Rns80-Turkis>i War and its results iu 1878 ; the Afghan
IVar, tho Zulu War. the Transvaal and Bechuannland. the
intervention in Egypt, the Soudan. Gordon, and the Khartoum
Expedition. Mr. Forster always formed his own opinions,
and maintained them with conscientious sincerity ; he had the
courage to displease some of his party by openly differing with
them on several occasions. His integrity was never doubted,
for his professions were never belied by his acts ; but he gave
temporary offence to the educational Secularists, and to some
Nonconformists, by preserving the interests of schools founded
with a view to religious instruction. On the question of
Parliamentary Reform, no Radical was a more steadfast
advocate of uniform household suffrage and the equitable
allotment of constituencies; indeed, he helped to carry into
effect the main principles of the original *• People's Charter.”
His estimable and amiable private life, and the genial warmth
of his family affections and social friendships, are shown by
various pleasing nnecdot s in this biography, which is a
sufficiently copious memorial of a true Englishman, a faithful
Christian, and a diligent servant of his country. Wo may call
him ** just urn et tenacun propositi virtim,” among the men of
our time.
ROYAL silver wedding gifts.
Hi, Royal Highness the Prince of Wales has been 8rac.-,on S y
, ,-od to accept a very handsome and useful r^enUromthe
is of the three regiment* of H °? 9ehold $ " ilver
melioration of his “ Silver Wedding. It const* * of a silver
parcel-gilt and enamelled spirit-lamp and cigar-l^hter com-
of three cuirasses, with strap and f rlouche .urmonnlcd
hv a guardsman's helmet, the plume of which funmhw the
(Gnu- : on each side is a kettledrum, with crowed dnuMtick*
for lighter* ; the whole resting on a moulded ebony pl'ntb.eni-
bollished with achasod silver regimental trophy
ilie following inscription .—“To H.R.H. the Colonel-.n-Cb.ef,
from the officers of the Household Cavalry, March 10th, 1888.
Wo c i ve an Illustration of this unique and beautifully wrought
■ of plate, which hns been manufactured by Mefsrs.
U .ndon and Ryder, 17, New Bond-street. . .
The casket, containing an address of congratulation to tncir
[’. il Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales from the
< t j> .ration of Nottingham, was made out of some oaken piles,
which about the year 1100 were driven into the lied
of the river Trent at Nottingham to form the founda¬
tions of the old Trent Bridge, and were taken outin
187S for the erection of the present new bridge. The
carving is late Gothic in character, the lid nnd ends
being conventionally treated with the oak-leaf. The
front panels bear shields emblazoned with tho Prince
of Wales's feathers and the Nottingham borough
arms. On the margin of the lid the names “ Albert
isn Edward," “ Alexandra," and the dates “ I8(!3," “ 1888,”
are carved in fourteenth-century characters ; and in
the panel there is a silver plate, engraved with the
following inscription, viz.“ Address from the Mayor, Alder¬
men, and Burgesses of the Borough of Nottingham to their
Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales on tho
occasion of the celebration of their Silver Wedding.” The
back is ornamented with two elaborate silver hinge-plates and
shields bearing an account of the origin of the oak and the
names of designer and carver. All the mountings throughout
and the key are of solid silver, the latter bearing the borongh
arms in coloured enamel. The address is an elaborate work of
inscription on a vellum scroll, mounted on a blue-grey rooird
silk, and edged with silver fringe. The casket and address
were designed and illuminated by Mr. Arthur Marshall,
A.R.I.B.A., architect; the carving was executed by Alfred
Middlebrook, a student of the Recreation Evening Classes ;
and the silver fittings are the work of Mr. J. Till; all of
Nottingham.
The Silver Wedding gift presented to their Royal High¬
nesses by the Corporation of King's Lynn is a model of tho
“Old Tower," which is regarded with"pride and affection by
the people of that town. This is the central tower of tho
church of the Grey Friars ; it stood between the nave and the
chancel of the church. A piece of the cloisters of the monastery
stands southward, and this and tho tower are now the only
remains of the house of the Franciscans in Lynn. The model
is of silver. The form of the roofs of the church is shown
by the sloping lines on either side; above these in its
elegance and strength rose the tower, perhaps unequalled
for graceful beauty. It is in two storeys; the lower one
opened into the church, and its beautifully groined roof can
still be seen. The tower is hexagonal in form, the northern
face being the staircase, which rises above the parapet. Tho
whole building is of brick qnoined with stone. The friars
built it in the middle of the first half of the fifteenth century ;
bnt their monastery was founded in the thirteenth century.
It was surrendered to the King on Oct. 1, 1539. Of its
history little is known ; bnt scholars of eminence were
among its inmates, whose names and works are extant. Tho
SILVER WEDDING GUT FROM T11E TOWN OS NOTTINGHAM : CASKET
PROM WOOD OP PILES OP OLD TRENT HRIDGE.
model is mounted on a black ebony pedestal, with a silvir
plate bearing this inscription “ The Grey Friars' Tower,
King's Lynn. Presented to their Royal Highnesses the Prince
and Princess of Wales, in commemoration of their Silver
Wedding, March 10, 1888, by the town of Lynn. G. S. Wood¬
work, Mayor ; T. G. Archer, Town Clerk.”
The Bishop of Southwark distributed the prizes 11 the
students of St. Joseph's College. C'laplmm. on July 12. Tho
principal winners were tho five successful matriculation candi¬
dates ; Gilbert, Hare, Moore, Boiincvialle. and Watson.
According to tho B Bill of Entry, the number of oxen and
hulls imported during Juno was 32.227, against ,TI.2(iil : 10240
being received from Canada, against 1.1,441 : and 14,029 from
the Atlantic ports of the United Stares, against 11,745. Tho
number of sheep imported was 88,086, against 93,371—
including 50,30(1 from Germany, against 31.743 : and 23,315
from Holland, against 53.594. The number of cows received
was 5432. against 5403; calves, 5049, against 5300 ; and swine,
4293, against 3234.
A number of gentlemen, now on a visit to this country, on
July 12 celebrated the twenty-first anniversary of the Canadian
Federation by a banquet in the Whitehall Rooms of the Hotel
Metropole. Mr. M'Leod Stewart (Mayor of Ottawa) presided;
and amongst those present were Lord Lansdownc. Lord Knuts-
ford. Sir Charles Tupper (High Commissioner for Canada),
tho Hon. Oliver Mowat (Premier of ■Ontario), Sir Adam
Wilson (Chief Justice), the Hon. W. E. Sanford. Mr. Dalton
M Carthy, Q.C., Mr. I). Mac.naster, Q.C., Mr. A. F. M lnlyre.
Mr. Peter Uedpath. Sir Francis De Winton, Colonel Bond
(commanding the Wimbledon team), Mr. A. Stavcley Hill,
Q.C., M.P.. Mr. J. II. Dodgson, Mr. J. J. Fellows, Mr. H. 0.
lloe’.on. Mr, J. E. Colmer, and others.
At the present moment, when rarions schemes of emigration
are being discussed, tho .St. James t Gazette calls attention to
the plans of the Canadian Pacific Colonisation Corporation,
which has recently been registered. The scope of the operations
of the corporation are of a novel character, and may be classed
mainly under three heads (1) The establishment of an agri¬
cultural college for the North-West, in which young men can
go through a course of agricultural training calculated to fit
them for profitably carrying on general farm operations. (2)
Tho development of colonics in desirable centres in which a
town will be established provided with clubs, library, reading-
rooms, and all other conveniences necessary in a new country
to prevent well-cducatcd men degenerating in their leisure
hours. (3) Tho starting anil working of supply farms,
cheese factories, creameries, and other industries suitable
to tho locality for the purpose of providing a market
for products which must otherwise go to waste or be
parted with at unremunerative prices. The work of the
corporation will, wo understand, he commenced by the
acquirement of two properties, the first consisting of a rich
tract of land in Manitoba within a short distance of Winnipeg,
at present profitably worked for mixed farming, and on which
there is a cheese factory in operation. The second property
consists of about a hundred square miles of the most fertile
country of Alberta district in the North-West, situated about
sixty miles cast of Calgary, well protected by the shelter of
the Rocky Mountains, where cattle can graze all the year
round owing to the favourable climate. The site of the first
town to be established by the corporation has been selected
adjoining the Alberta property, and is to he called Queenstown,
and the necessary surveys are being made with a view u>
selling plots to the numerous persons wlioareoager to establish
stores in the now town, which will be situated about twelve
miles from Cl any, on the Canadian Pacific Railway.
THE Il.I.lTSTRATEP LONDON" NEWS .Tiq.v 21. 1888.—7fi
THE PLYMOUTH STATUE OF DRAKE.
The tercentenary celebration of the defeat of the Spanish
Armada, to which we devoted last week a series of Illustra¬
tions, with an historical narrative of that famons action, is
commemorate! especially at Plymouth, the port from which
the English fleet sailed forth, under command of Lord Howard
of Effingham, the I.ord Admiral, on Saturday, July 20, 15X3,
to meet the enemy, who had been seen the day before off the coos'
of Cornwall. The Committee formed at Plymouth to arrant c
this celebration has not merely a local but a national character,
including members resident in various parts of England : but it
is intended to erect on Plymouth Hoe, at the sea-front of the
town, which is a commanding situation adjacent to the old
citadel, between Sutton Pool and Jtillbay, overlooking the
Sound, a Memorial of the Defeat of the Armada, from tho
design of Mr. Herbert Gribble, architect, which will fitly
stand hi that place. It will consist of a granite column,
with a figure of Britannia on the summit, and with other
statuary, bronze portrait medallions, and inscribed tablets.
The stat ic of Sir Francis Drake, on the Hoc, was un¬
covered abont four years ago, not long after another
statue of that bold and skilful sailor and valiant fighter
had been unveiled in his native town of Tavistock, which
is fifteen miles from Plymouth, it may be questioned,
indec 1, whether the town of Plymouth should not have
preferred, as the first object of its local honours, in con-
nec inti with tho defeat of tho Armada, to erect a statue of
Sir John Hawkins, a Plymouth man, whose part in the series
of conflicts that took place during ten days in the English
Channel was actually more important than that of Drake, and
by whose skill and industry, in his office as chief administrator
of the Queen's Navy, tho most powerful ships engaged on this
occasion hail been constructed and fitted out. Drake's fame as a
naval warrior truly rests on his exploits of the preceding year,
1537, wheu he burnt all the Spanish store-ships in the harbour
of (uuliz and defied the Spanish fleet at Lisbon, as well as
on his frequent successful expeditious to the Canaries and the
Azores, to the West Indies and the Spanish .Main, from 1572
t> lbs:,. His voyage of circumnavigation, which occupied
nearly three years, from December, 1.177, to November, 1'iSit,
was not undertaken in the interests of geographical science, or
of commercial enterprise; nor were his acts of plunder, on that
occasion, rendered legitimate by a state of avowal hostility
iietween England and Spain. They were, however, con¬
doned by Queen Elizabeth, who condescended to dine on
board his ship at Deptford, and conferred on him
the rank of knighthood. His legitimate services in 1587,
under a regular commission from her Majesty's Government —
of which the Queen repented a few da.\s later, sending a
messenger to bid him refrain from injuring the Spanish
ports and fleets; happily for England. Sir Francis did
not get this message, having already sailed—were of
immense value to his country ; for the Armada was then in
preparation, and it might have arrived some months earlier
than it did. and in greater force, had not Drake beforehand
wrought such havoc on the coasts of Spain. Nevertheless, it
must bo admitted that for the special actions of July, 1588,
the main credit is due to Lord Charles Howard and Sir John
Hawkins, while Frobisher, Lord Henry Seymour, Sir William
Wynter (Wintour), Lord Thomas Howard. Lords Sheffield
and Cumberland, contributed, equally with Drake, to the
victorious result; those last named being chiefly engaged
in the final great battle off Gravelines, on July 211, after
which Captain Fenner and others pursued the enemy into
the North Sea. These remarks are made not in disparage¬
ment of Sir Francis Drake, who was one of the bravest and
readiest of English fighting seamen that ever lived; but he
became the hero of popular anecdotes which have somewhat
exaggerated his share in the actual repulse of the Spanish
Armada. We hope that Sir John Hawkins will likewise have
a statue erected to his memory at Plymouth.
NEW ENGLISH CHURCH AT BELLAGIO.
The new church jnst completed at Bellagio, on the Lake of
C’omo, North Italy, was formally dedicated, on Whit Sunday,
by Bishop Marsdcn, acting by commission from the Bishop of
Gibraltar. Among the congregation was the Bishop of Truro.
This church, which has been erected under the auspices of tho
Colonial and Continental Church Society, is beautifully situated
at the south end of the town, and well above the hike. Its
style is Early English, and it stands out in pleasing con¬
trast with the Italian bnildings of the town. The plinths and
STATUE OF Sill FRANCIS DRAKE,
on TUB HOB, AT I-LYMOlTlt.
cappings of the buttresses are of granite from Erba. which
lies between Como mid Lccco ; the walls are of dark blue lime¬
stone from Maltrasio. near the well-known Villa d'Este : and
tho mouldings of tho doorways and rose windows arc of light
cream-coloured limestone from .Saltrio. The site was selected,
and the general design and arrangements of the church were
determined, by Sir John Coode. chairman of the lmilding-fund
committee. The architect was signor Casartelli, of Como, and
the contractor was Signor Arighi, of Casnntc.
ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION.
At a meeting of this institution held on Thursday, July 12.
at its house. John-street. Adclphi, its silver medal, accompanied
b.v a copy of the vote inscribed on vellum and framed, was
awarded to Mr. William Niles, in recognition of his long and
faithful services as coxswain of the Cardigan life-boat. Ho
lias assisted to save fifty-three lives from various wrecked
vessels. Rewards amounting to £23ti were also granted to
the crews of life-boats of the institution for services rendered
during the past month. The Caister No. 2 life-boat rescued
the crew, consisting of twenty-seven men, from the ship Toy,
of Glasgow, which was totally wrecked on the Hasborongh
Sands during a strong north-east wind and a heavy sea. The
life-boat stationed at Hnnstvick, Yorkshire, piloted safely ashore
seven fishing-cobles which were in danger, having been over-
taken by a heavy gale with a tremendous sea, on Tuesday.
July 11). Rewards were also granted to the crew of a fishing-
boat and others for saving life from wrecks on our coasts.
Payments amounting to £3112.7 were made on the 2P3 life-
boits of the institution. New life-boats have been recently sent
11 Hnuxley, Southport. Bnddon Ness, and Broughty Ferry.
COLON AND THE PANAMA SHIP CANAL.
A series of Illustrations of the works of the Ship Canal, which
is being constructed by tho French Company under the pre¬
sidency of M. Ferdinand De Lesseps, across the isthmus of
Panama, to connect the Atlantic with the Pacific Ocean, with
a correct description of that magnificent undertaking, lately
appeared in two Numbers of this Journal. Our Special Artist,
Mr. Melton Prior, arrived at the Atlantio port of the Canal’
which is Colon, near Aspinwall. on Feb. 25, and thence passed in a
steam-boat up that portion of the canal already made available
for the Company's servants employed in the works. He has also
sent ns a Sketch of the view in the main street of Colon, with
the railroad which runs along its length. The houses of every
class, the side pavements, and the wharves of the port, are
constructed entirely of timber; and the present town is quite
new, having been rebuilt after a fire three years ago. Aspin¬
wall, the terminus of the Panama Railroad, is close by, and is
a port of considerable traffic.
LATE SIR W. OWEN LANYON, C.B., K.C.M.G.
At the church of St. Jude. Southsca—which is the property of
his cousin, the Hon. Mrs. Nelson Byng, and in which are other
memorials of this-family—on the fifth anniversary of the death
of Lady Lanyon, was opened a side chapel, erected in loving
memory of the late Sir IV. Owen Lanyon, C.B.. and of his
wife. The chapel, on the site of the old south porch, externally,
is built of flint stones, corresponding with the rest of the
c'lurcb, and has a lean-to roof against the south side aisle,
finished by half-gables, with a centre gable pierced by a rose-
window. On the cast side is a single-light, tracery-headi-d
window. Under the rose - window are the wonls ■■ In
Memoriam” and the monograms of the late Sir Owen
and Lady Lanyon. The interior walls are of Bath stone,
diapered ; and tho root is vaulted and groined in the
same material ; the panels next to the apex are of tinted
glass, to get a top light. A deeply - moulded eut-stenc
arch, !» ft. wide, opens into the church. The centre
bay of the arch is carried by two polished Devonshire marble
columns, having carved cops and bases. In a panel round thu
nrch is the following text" Where the wicked cease from
troubling and where the weary are at rest.” Immediately
facing this arch, on a richly-carved table, is placed the white
marble monument, designed and executed by Onslow Ford, A. R. A.
On the face of the table is the text •• She is not dead but
sleepcth " (Luke viii. .7). On the table are two polished brass
vases, filled with white lilies and other flowers. The window
in the east wall is filled with glass jointed hy Messrs. Heaton.
Butler, and Bains, representing Si. Jude. Opposite is a panel
corresponding with tin's window, filled in with Venetian mosaic
work by Messrs. Burke and Co. The npjier part contains au
heraldic design—the arms of the Lanyon and Levy families,
the knight's helmet and pinnies, the Orders of the K.C.M.G.,
t '.IS., and Oamanieh, and the various medals gained by Sir Owen.
Below these is the following inscription ;—
TW* Monmiienutl Cluqirl has Inca creoKsl lo the elnrv of (Iml ami in
lovlnir memory of Colonel sir William linen Lanina, C.B.. K.t'.M.D„ who
.11.-1 la Xeiv York on the stir .la.v of April. 1SX7, In 111* tllh year, ami at-., of
III* wife. Florence, w ho .IM in London on [he fiih day of May. 1 ftt*3, in her
3-.|id year. They lie In the same grave in Brampton Cemeiery, London. ,
There are two steps of red polished Devonshire marble. The
floor is mosaic-work ; in which are the initials “ F. and
W. O. L." ; and on the step below, the word Resnrgnm."
Two brass standards divide the chajicl from the side aisle.
From tlie vaulting is sus|>endtxl a sanctuary lamp of polished
brass. The building has been carried out by Messrs. Tinker
Brui hers, of Havant, from the design of Sir Owen's eldest
brother. Mr. J. Lanyon, of Belfast.
Colonel Sarlorins, of the 1st Beloochecs. who recently
marched throughout the Southern Shan and Red Karen
eountry, has made an interesting and elaborate report on
the country traversed. He speaks highly of the dis-
trict. Iron ore of extraordinary richness was found at
Saga. Tin is plentiful in Lower Kerennie, and coal in
abundance exists at the Lowelon mountain. Silver, salt¬
petre, and sulphur were also found. The Rosambhc Lake
is described as being as heautifnl as the lakes of Cash-
mere ; while the cataracts of Knznr, I3H ft. high, are,
perhaps, the finest in the East. Colonel Sartnrins dwells on the
improvement and revival of trade which have already taken
place in districts within reach of the influence of Fort Scdman,
where a British garrison is maintained.
NEW ENGLISH CHURCH AT BELLAGIO. LAKE OF COMO.
THE IM.l'STRATEtl LOXtMW XFAVS, Jruv 21, 18S8.
ACROSS TWO OCEAN'S : COLON, THE ATLANTIC TERMINUS OP THE PANAMA SHIP CANAL.
78
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 21, 1!
HOLIDAY RAMBLES.
(Du our Paris Correspondent .)
FRANKFORT. OX-THE-MAIX.
The first thing I did on arriving in Frankfort was to take my seat
in the baronial dining-hall of the Hotel X-, and to wrestle
with the table-d’hote dinner. Opposite me sat a very gentle
and civilised German and his pale, blonde wife, whose delicate
face was just beginning to yellow into wrinkles. 'Ihis worthy
pair, evidently well-to-do people, ordered half a buttle of
Metloc, which they shared, diluted with much water, and
seemed happy. Alas! this spectacle filled me with sadness, for
it was a proof that the woes and mockeries of travel had begun.
These good people would certainly have preferred their national
beverage, beer; but the German hotel tables d'hote are too
gtnek-up to permit beer-drinking, and the profits on wine are too
great to be sacrificed. In some hotels there is a notico posted
to the effect that if you do not drink wiuc, the dinner will bo
reckoned one mark dearer.
After a tremendous one o’clock meal, I sallied forth to
explore the town, and found it gay, elegant, well-kept, and
prosperous. The old town round the red sandstone cathedral
abounds in quaint corners and picturesque narrow streets. The
river, with its bridges, and its stream dotted with timber-
rafts, the glimpses of the town and its towers and spires,
the panorama from this point and from that—all amuse
the eye and provide subjects for the photographer. On
the quay called the Schone Aussicht, or belle rue, I noticed on
No. 17 a memorial-tablet announcing that in this house Arthur
Schopenhauer used to live, and I have no doubt he had a good
time there, his pessimistic point of view being just ns conducive
to happiness as any other. In the pursuit of happiness one of
the chiefest conditions of success is not so much a point of
view as a good stomach, and as Schopenhauer dined content¬
edly for many years at a table d'hote, as his biographer tells
us, I conclude that he must necessarily have been a man of
singularly serene mind and imperturbable powers of digestion.
To judge from the display in the shop-windows the Frank¬
furters are especially proud of two things—the marble group of
Ariadne in the Bekmann Museum, which you see reproduced
in all materials from alabaster down to gingerbread, and the
Imperial family and the three Emperors of 1888. I saw the
three Emperors—old William, Frederick, and young William-
stamped on pocket-handkerchiefs, cast in bronze and terra-cotta,
carved on the bowls of briar-root pipes, painted on porcelain
pipes, embroidered on sofa-cushions, printed on fearful chromo¬
lithographs. Photographs of the Emperor Frederick on his
death-bed, with the Empress shedding big pear-shaped tears on
the counterpane, and below the inscription, “ Lerne zu leiden
ohne zu klagen," are sold by hundreds As for the present
Emperor, his portrait and that of his wife and children are
to be seen everywhere, the family groups being especially in
favour. And what groups 1—the ideal of a Putney green¬
grocer. The Emperor, in uniform, with his arm ronnd the
Empress's waist, standing on the brink of a photographer’s
imaginary lake, and the Imperial children sitting in a
“ property ” boat. A veritable sentimental German family
group 1
Towards nightfall the aspect of Frankfort becomes very
interesting and amusing. The great show street and prome¬
nade in Frankfort is the Ziel, where the fine shops are situated,
and where the beaux and the belles walk up and down. At
evening, too, the cafes become evident, but they arc r.ot
audacious and flaunting like those of Paris. As soon as tho
is lighted the curtains are closely drawn, aud some of the
t cafes are up one or two flights of steps on the first or
second floors: tho Frankforter. like tho Dutchman, seems to
prefer to drink his beer in private, far from the eyes of tho
madding crowd, and the spectaclo of tho street does not
interest him. Very wonderful are some of these cafes,
notably one in tho Schiller Strnssc: a monumental place
with wrought iron vines trailing np cast iron pillars
and branching out ingeniously into incommodious hat-
pegs ; a oeiling decorated with the signs of tho zodiac
intermingled with cupids, monkeys, and a vague Temptation
of St. Antony; walls decorated with frescoes in tho style of
Schnorr von Carolsfeld ; a stupendous bar presided over by a
statuesque lady of Flemish proportions ; the whole inundated
with a blaze of electric light. In this cafe I fought success¬
fully against a gigantic glass of beer, and read the leader
in the Ameigrr, in which the writer treated the subject
of “ Bonlangismus," and in a short column and a quarter
found means to quote Aristophanes, Cicero, and Madame
Roland, translating the original in footnotes for tho benefit
of the less erudite. Bravo. Herr Doctor 1 What a blessed
thing it is to have frequented tho University of Gottingen,
and to have learnt to be learned with ostentation 1
With its irregular streets and irregular houses, some antique,
with quaint gables and innumerable windows ; some modern,
surmounted by skeleton signs and meshes of telegraph-wires;
with its multitude of Renaissance cupolas and bulbous spires,
its green masses of shade trees looming up out of the mysterious
obscurity, and contrasting with the glaring electric-lamp of
some go-ahead “ Rcstauration,” Frankfort at night is suggestive
at once of Xew York and of Nuremberg ; it is a charming and
not inharmonious mixture of past and present—of oldtime
ways and nineteenth-century progress.
CASSEL.
Statistics show Cassel to be a town of some 60,000 inhabitants,
and the indulgent observer would doubtless pronounce it to be
an animated commercial centre. It boasts a vast railway
station ; a monumental " Rcgierung ” or Government palace ;
a huge post-office; and a handsome modern Bilder Gallcric,
in the most approved Renaissance style, enriched with Greek
ornaments, and surmounted by reproductions of the bronze
winged “ Victory" which is the jewel of the Museum
Fredericanum. There is a steam-tramway at Cassel, and
horse - cars, and well - paved streets. But all this is of
little interest: the charm of Cassel is the old town,
such as the Electors made it ; the round Konigs Platz ;
the Gothic church, the Friedrichs Platz with its fine
eighteenth-century electoral palace, its statue of the Landgrave
Frederick II., its Bellevue terrace overlooking the tree-tops of
the Aue Park which Le Notre laid out—the Cassel that
abounds in quaint old houses with pointed or convoluted
gables, and in squares and irregular places planted with
luxuriant shade-trees.
At tbe end of the Bellevue, which is naturally the fashion¬
able promenade of Cassel, is a round temple, or belvedere, in
the Neo-Greek style invented by the French architects of the
eighteenth century. From here the view is wide-sweeping
and imposing. Beyond the park you see the green valley of
the Fulda fading away into the blue distance, where the
purple hills close it around and form the horizon ; in the
other direction yon see the town climbing np one hill and
down another, and finally sloping towards the old castle and
the Fulda bridge, and joining the open fields. The comparison
with Athens suggests itself: the Bellevue is the Acropolis of
Cassel and the Bilder Gallerie its Parthenon. Doubtless, this
comparison must have occurred to tho old Landgraves who
vied with each other in making these German Resident towns
centres of literary and artistic culture, and who ruined them¬
selves and their subjects in imitating the costly splendour of
Versailles and the magnificence of the Grand Monarque. In
the making of Cassel there were three influences at work—
feudal. French, and Neo-Greco-Roman : exemplified still by the
old Schloss, by the Friedrichs Platz and the Aue Park laid
ont by Le Notre, and by the triumphal arch of the Auethor
and the new picture gallery which is the outcome of the
terrible Neo-Greco-Roman distemper which has been devastat¬
ing Germany for now a century.
With all'this, Cassel. the Cassel of the days of the Electors,
is complete in itself with its castle, its archives, its library, its
museums, its river, its park, and charming p>romenades. All
that is wanting to make the town absolutely ideal is a hand¬
some old Landgrave at the head of a literary and artistic Court—
a Landgrave who would ride in a gorgeous coach, and have his
servants dressed in gay livery. If while strolling one evening
along the Bellevue the Landgrave’s coach should appear, and
behind it that of the Chevalier Jacques De Casanova, recently-
arrived in the town with swindling intentions, nobody wonld
be surprised or embarrassed. Like all the ex-Residenz towns,
Cassel has retained something of its courtly past, and all the
modern improvements seem to be mere temporary excrescences
that have no raison d'etre.
As you pass along the Friedrichs Platz of an evening you
will sec in the open loggia of a cafe a whole family—men,
women, and children—sitting calmly around a few beer-
pots, thinking matters over and looking for all the world like
one of those family qiortraits by the old Dutch masters—a
“ Fnmilienbild ” by Gonzales Coques, for instance. Such a
group might be taken as a symbol of the town of Cassel: it is
an old-fashioned place, musing sleepily over the past and
accepting tho present without enthusiasm, as if it were all a
dream.
Cassel an animated commercial town ! This is not possible.
One cannot reconcile these spacious promenades and shady
squares with serious business, except of such a kind as is
indicated by a frequent signboard on which is announced this
strange combination of commerce : “ Wood, Coal, Bottled Beer,
and Potatoes"—“Holz. Kohlen, Flaschenbier, Kartoffeln.”
And. aftei selling tho usual amount of coal, bottled beer, and
potatoes, the good tradesmen of Cassel light their penny cigars,
and, with their wives and children, take an evening stroll along
the Bellevue, admire the “ schcenc Aussicht," and so to bed.
On Sundays, too, in summer, they will take the tramway to
AVilhelmshohe, to see the fountains play. And so they pass
their lives in sleepy, charming Cassel, where even the spurs of
the military men clink discreetly.
Nevertheless, for the traveller of artistic tastes Cassel must
always remain a place of pilgrimage. The Museum possesses
a most important collection of pictures, including no less than
twenty Rembrandts of the first quality—notably the painter's
wife. Saskia Van LTenbergb, dressed as a bride ; the portrait
of Nicolaus Brnyningh ; the portrait of a man in armour; and
“ Jacob Blessing Ephraim and Manassch." In order to see such
paintings as these one would willingly bravo tbe direst ennui
and the most porcine developments of German cookery.—T. C.
GOOD SAMARITANS.
Pessimistic philosophers and literary cynics who delight in
railing against this world and its inhabitants, and in com¬
menting upon the fever and uniutelligibility of life, and tho
faults aud failings, the weaknesses and vices of humanity, nro
invited to remember the good deeds that are daily being done
by Good Samaritans. It is surely something very pleasant to
think of : the number of persons who live mainly, if not
entirely, for the benefit of their fellow-creatures, and devote
themselves with unselfish energy to the task of increasing the
sum of human happiness. The moralist often reminds us of
the woes and sorrows of tho poor, and they cannot be disputed ;
he tells us of the grievous ills that flow from social in¬
equalities—of the half-starved vagrant that hides his sores and
his rags in some loathsome cellar ; of the mother who stitches
day and night at the slop-seller’s hard bargain, in order to
keep body aud soul together for her children and herself. The
picture, God knows I is a gloomy one ; but it is only fair to
remember the other Bide of it: to think of the men and
women who are never so happy as when penetrating into the
haunts of poverty and tho abodes of wretchedness, carrying
with them material help and practical sympathy—feeding
the hungry, clothing the naked, encouraging the despondent,
soothing the mourner; and all this without thought or expecta¬
tion of reward,even of that reward of advertised publicity which
falls to the lot of the Good Samaritaus who respond to the
appeals of charitable associations. There are, alas too many
pilgrims who lie down by the wayside, ill and exhausted,
wounded almost unto the death, and for whom no helpful
strangers come with oil and bandage to rescue them, and send
them on their way rejoicing. There are too many who perish
through long waiting. This, however, is not the fault of our
Good Samaritans, but of those Bociai difficulties which too
often erect an iron barrier between them and the afflicted
whom they would only too gladly relieve if they knew of their
distressful condition. Perhaps, too, the number of such cases
is too great to be overtaken by the agency even of tho most
active private benevolence. But the fast remains that, to the
great honour and glory of human nature, the Good Samaritans
are at this very moment engaged in their noble work ; and
that hundreds of hearts are throbbing with unaccustomed
emotions of joy and gratitude, as the tender bands bind up the
sufferer's wounds, and the strong arm supports him to his feet,
and the consoling voice bids him be of good cheer, for the
darkness and the night arc passing away, and God s light
begins to shine over the distant hills.
I suppose that, at some time or other, most of us need the
aid of tho Good Samaritan. Few can get through life without
sympathy : many are the better for kindly advice ; and some
would be borne down in the lost battle if no helping hand
were extended to them. When wc discover the falsehood of
the friend in whom wc have placed our all of hope and faith ;
when Death takes from us those whose affection has been our
stay and support, and the most precious thing we possessed or
could desire; when the great aim and object of our exertions
is baffled by unforeseen accidents ; when the cherished dream
of oar young ambition is suddenly and rudely swept aside;
when our feet are lacerated by the thorns that have started up
in our path, and our spirits sink at the sight of the menacing
shadows that gather around it—then it is that we hail with
gratitude the inspiring presence of the Good Samaritan, and
are reconciled to our lot by the feeling that we are not left to
bear the pressure of our anxieties nnaided and alone.
I suppose, too. that at some time or other most of us can. in
our turn, play the Good Samaritan's part. The poorest can be
rich in kindly words, in tender wishes, in earnest prayers; and
wo may know from our own experience that, in the hour of
trial, these may be helpful and profitable exceedingly. If wc
have not the two pence, like the Samaritan in the parable, we
can surely provide the oil and the wine ; and if these be
wanting, we have still at our disposal the boundless resource
of thoughts that breathe and words that glow with the spirit
of love and tenderness. Next to the pleasure of receiving a
kindness—and there is no greater pleasure, for it kindles and
sustains one’s faith in human nature—is the pleasure of doing
one. " A brother to relieve," says Burns, “ how exquisite the
bliss !" When that Good Samaritan had cleansed and bonnd
the wayfarer s wounds, and poured in the oil and the wine
and provided for his future comfort. I can fancy that he
walked with a lighter step, and held his head more erect, in
the secret consciousness that ho had done something for the
welfare of his fellow-man. In this way. charity is twice
blessed: it blesses him that gives and him that receives, and
the Good Samaritan shares in the happiness of which ho is the
author.
However numerous the ills of life—and I deny neither their
number nor their severity—its alleviations are at least as
many. Why, there are more Good Samaritans than the world
wots of, if you will but take the trouble to look for them, and
have the wisdom to make use of them. I think a valuable
essay might be written by some competent hand on tbe
therapeutics of books—on their influence in healing or miti¬
gating the maladies of the mind or heart. You will remember
that some hints towards so admirable a science are thrown ont
by Pisistratus Caxton. For the irremediable sorrows of middle
life and old age, he recommends the study of a new language;
or you may take, like Goethe, to the study of a new science!
For hypochondria and satiety, he says, nothing is better than
a brisk alterative course of travel; and for that vice of the
mind which we call sectarianism, what can equal a large and
generous, mildly aperient course of history.' “But when
some one sorrow, that is yet reparable, gets hold of your
mind like a monomania, oh.' then diet yourself well
on biography—the biography of good and ’ great men."
Of this I am convinced : that books are the best of
Good .Samaritans ! They never weary of j ou ; they never
change towards you ; they are unlimited in their gentle
offices; and they expect no gratitude ! And you can turn
from one to the other at your will, always seeking that which
is best'adapted to the present trouble. Open your heart, my
friend, and let them pour in the oil which will Leal your
wounds and the wine which will brace up your nerves! Open
your heart, and take freely of the consolation which they are
ready freely to bestow. To these Good Samaritans yen can
confide your most secret griefs, and their sympathy will never
fail you. They will supply you with whatever you lack the
most—courage, hopefulness, patience, fortitude, or forgetful¬
ness. They will rouse you in your despondency : direct you in
your perplexity ; console you in your anguish. They wiil take
you away from the contemplation of your petty ills, and lift
you into a larger sphere of thought and vision. Stanley’s
“Life of Dr. Arnold”; that wonderful book, the “ Imitntio
Christi": Jeremy Taylor’s “Holy Living”; Pascal's “Tensers ";
Bishop Wilson's “ Sacra Privata"—of which Matthew Arnold
was so fond ; Sir Thomas Browne's “ Hydriotaphia "; Carlyle’s
“ Sartor Resartus ”; Wordsworth's “ Prelude":—here be friends
on whose friendship you may make exhaustive draughts with¬
out fear of coming to an end. Here be friends who, whatever
your anxiety, will trace it to its cause, and prove to you its
littleness. Oh. those great griefs of yours ! How small the
space which they really fill: how slight, after all. is the
scar which they leave behind them! According to Diodo:us,
the inscription on the great Egyptian library was, “’Hie
Medicine of the Mind.” But I prefer to think of books as
“Good Samaritans," their companionship being a moral rs
well as an intellectual good, their beneficence operating on the
heart as well as on the brain, on the feelings and emotions no
less than on the intellect.
Then Nature also is prepared to fulfil the office of a Good
Samaritan for those who will 'trust themselves to her bosom.
She, too, like one s books, is ever at hand—ever ready to receive
one’s confidences, ever willing to bestow of her benedictions
with a generous liberality. She never stints her consolation
or her encouragement. She gives us of her last, and so
elevates the mind into a different and more exalted woild;
supporting ns in gloomy hours by the high thought that wc
belong to God; upholding, cherishing us. and impressing upon
us that “ our noisy years " arc but as moments •• in the being
of the eternal Silence." With one impulse from a vernal wcod,
with one breath of fragrance from a flowering hedgerow, she
fills the veins with fresh activity and banishes the cobwebs
which have gathered about the inactive mind. The majestic
silences of the mountains or the mysterious voices of tbe seas,
the cheerful splendour of the summer morning or the solemn
pomp of the sunset, the bright gaiety of the ripening corn¬
fields or the austere solitude of the autumnal groves—with
these Bhe will soothe or stimulate the soul, restrain or support it,
according to its necessity. Therefore, be you once and always
a lover of the meadows, the woods, and the mountains—of all
that this green earth commands—of all the mighty world of
eye and ear, both what they half create and what they only
perceive:—
Well J.lonso 1 tn rc wigutee
In nature and the ImishaB- of the sense.
The nurhor of vour purest tin,nidus, the muse.
The guide, the guardian of your heart, ami soul
Of all your moral being -
in a word, the Good Samaritan, who waits, with largesse of oil
and wine, to minister to your needs, be they great or little.
I might invite the reader to lot k at Art in the capacity of
a Good Samaritan, and dwell upon the consolation which it
may be made to afford, and the lessons which can be extracted
from it; but I have said enough, if I have succeeded in indi¬
cating certain sources as available for our inspiration, our
strength, our recuperation, in the manifold chances and changes
of life, when the “ helping hand " of friend or benefactor may
not be forthcoming; or, as supplemental to that “ helpful
hand," and yielding a more permanent and less onerous
pleasure. But, after all, when we are in want of the Good
Samaritan, the best thing we can do is, according to our means,
to play the Good Samaritan to others. While we are binding
up their wounds, be sure our own will heal 1 W. H. D.-A.
The sale of the Londesbsrough collection was concluded on
July 11, when the Celtic and Saxon antiquities, coins, Ac., were
disposed of. The total realised by the six days’ sale of 980 lots
was £25,647.
Tho tableaux rirants at the Anglo-Danish Exhibition,
which were temporarily suspended on account of the Silver
Wedding Fete, have been resumed, and are supplemented by a
special performance twice daily by tho Hayward troupe. The
Amager peasants, who were absent from the Danish Village
during the Silver Fete, have also resumed their vocation.
The new church of St. Philip, Buckingham Palace-road, in
the parish of St. Michael, Chester-sqnare, was consecrated on
July 12 by the Bishop of Marlborough. The church is close
to Ebury-square and the Grosvenor Working-Men s Club, and
will supply church accommodation, especially for thc pooicr
classes in that district. The seals, numbering about 7.>o, arc
to be free and unappropriated. The church site has been
presented as a free gift by the Duke of W estminster, wno has
also contributed the munificent sum of £5000. A district
will shortly be given to the church, of which the Rev. W • 1 •
Gib is the Vicar-Elect. Some handsome gifts have loin
presented, including a new organ by Colonel l’aley.
JULY 21, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
79
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
Tbe will (dated May 10,1887) of the Right Hon. Jane Frederica
Harriot Mary, Countess of Caledon, late of Tyttenhanger Park,
St. Albans, Herts, who died on March 30 last, was proved on
July 7 by the Hon. Walter Philip Alexander, the son, the sole
executor the value of the personal estate amounting to over
f 14 000. The testatrix makes bequests to her son, the Earl of
Caledon and her other children; and gives legacies to her
maid and servants. Some articles of jewellery are made heir¬
looms to go with the mansion-house at Caledon, in the county
of Tyrone. The residue of her property she leaves to her
three younger children, Walter Philip, Charles, and Jane
Charlotte Elisabeth.
The Scotch Confirmation, under seal of the Sheriffdom of
Berwick, of the disposition and settlement (dated May 21,
1886) of’ Sir William Marjoribanks, Bart., J.P., D.L., of Lees,
Berwickshire, who die 1 at Tprjuay on Feb. 22 last, granted to
Dame Frances Anne Marjoribanks, the widow, Watson Askew,
and Charles Bowman Logan, the executors nominate, was re¬
sealed in London on July 3, the value of the personal estate iu
England and Scotland amounting to upwards of £25,000.
The will (dated Dec. 15, 183(1) of the Rev. Robert Andrews,
lato of Middleton, Essex, who died on April 28 last, was proved
on July 5 by George William Andrewes, the brother, George
Lancelot Andrewes, tbe nephew, and Henry Crabb Canham,
the executors, the value of the personal estate amounting lo
upwards of £04,000. The testator gives ono fifth of all his
real and personal estate to the children of his brother George
William and the issue of any deceased child; one fifth is
given, in a similar manner, to the children of his brothers
Charles and William Nesfield, and his sister Ann ; and the
remaining fifth to the children, and the issue of any deceased
child, of his sister Francos Jane Fearon, except Charles Tntharn
Fcaron, who is otherwise provided for.
The will (dated Aug. 10, 18,87) of Mr. Frank Ash Yeo, J.P.,
M.P. for the Gower Division of Glamorganshire, late of Skctty
Hall, in that county, who died on March 4 last, was proved on
June 21, by Mrs. Mary Dawson Yeo, the widow, Frank Cory
Yeo, the son, and John Viriamu Jones, the executors, the
value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of £68,000.
The testator bequeaths all his furniture, plate, pictures, books,
effects, horses and carriages, and £7000 to his wife; £3000
and certain shares of the nominal value of £38,000 to his son
Frank Cory ; certain shares of the nominal value of £40,000
to his son John Arthur Ash ; and legacies to his executor, Mr.
Jones, to his brother, and to a nephew. The residue of his real
and personal estate he leaves to his wife and his five children,
Frank Cory, Mary Woollacot Goodwin, Sarah Louisa, Ethel Jane,
and John Arthur Ash, in equal shares.
The will (dated Jan. 19, 1888) of Mr. Richard Brinsley
Sheridan, F.R.G.S., J.P., D.L., formerly M.P., late of Frampton
Court, Dorsetshire, who died on May 2 last at No. 33, Wimpolc-
street, was proved at the Blandford District Registry on Junc 28
by Algernon Thomas Brinsley Sheridan, the son and solo
executor, the value of the persona! estate being sworn under
£50,000. The testator makes provision for his daughter,
Helena Charlotte; and appoints to his said son certain moneys
in settlement. The Stafford Vase, and his plate, jewellery,
books, pictures. Ac., are made heirlooms to go with Frampton
Court, but his daughter is to have the nse for life of part. He
bequeaths £ 100 Three-pcr-C'ent Consols, upon trust, the income
to be applied in tending as a garden the piece of ground added
by him to the churchyard of Froine Vauchurch ; and there
are bequests to Adelaide Budden and to the widow of his
bailiff. The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves to
his said son.
The will (dated Nov. 20, 1883) of Mr. Benjamin William
Farey. late of “Salamanca,” Farquhar-road, Upper Norwood,
who died on May 9 last, was proved on June 27 by Mrs. Eliza
Farey, the widow, Edward Farey, and Charles Westley, the
executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to
upwards of £41,000. The testator leaves £ 1000 to his nephew,
Arthur John Ikin; an annuity of £60 to his uncle, James
Barnard; £100 each to his executors, Mr. Farey and Mr.
Westley ; £10,000, upon trust, for his wife, for life, then as to
£40ou for each of his wife’s nephews, Charles Barnard
Westley and Arthur William W'estley, and as to £2000 to
Barnard Rood ; and the residue of his property to his wife.
The will (dated March 30, 1882), with three codicils (two
dated Dec. II, 1885, and the other May 7, 1883), of Mr. John
Bruce, late of South Park, Wadhurst. Sussex, who died on
May 16 last, was proved on July 4 by John Warrington
Haward, Edward Horsman Bailey, and William Robert White,
the executors, except as to property in the United States or
elsewhere out of the United Kingdom, the value of the personal
estate amounting to upwards of £34,000. The testator
bequeaths £2000 each to St. George's Hospital, Hyde Park-
corner, and the Hospital for Sick Children, GreatOrmond-street;
£ 1000 each to the Scottish Hospital in London of the foundation
of Charles II., and the Royal Caledonian Asylum, Caledonian-
road, Holloway ; £12,000 to Mr. J. W. Ilaward, in gratitude
for his professional services as a surgeon ; £3000 to another
surgeon; £ 7000 to his valet; £25UOeach to his two muses;
£3000 to his architect; £2000 each to his coachman and
footman; £1000 each to his gardener, second coachman, and
footman; £600 to his housekeeper; and other considerable
legacies. As to the residue of his property, he gives one half
to the said Mr. J. W. Haward. and the other half between his
cousins, William Nicoll and Henry D. Nicoll.
The will (dated June 16, 1879) of Mr. Thomas Rider, J.P.,
late of Boughton Park, Boughton Monchelsea, Kent, and
bamt Clears, in the county of Carmarthen, who died on
March 25 last, was proved on June 26 by George Lloyd, the
acting executor, the value of the personal estate amounting to
over £17,000. The testator leaves all his real and personal
estate, upon trust, for his daughter, Caroline.
The will of Mr. Joseph Yellowly Watson, F.G.S.. J.P., late
of Thorpe Grange, Thorpe-Ie-Soken, Essex, who died on May 18
last was proved on July 9, by Joseph Yellowly Watson and
william Hudson Howard Watson, the sons, two of the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £12,000.
ihe testator gives legacies to his wife and children. All his
real estate (not under settlement) and the residue of his
personal estate, he leaves, upon trust, to pay the income to his
wire for the use of herself and his unmarried daughters ; and
on her death to be realised and divided among his children,
the same os the settled property.
The annual dinner in aid of the funds of the Metropolis
uospital, formerly known as the Metropolitan Free Hospitr
was held on Juiy 11 at the Hotel Metropole. The chairman :
°* k' 8 speech said the London hospitals g<
ti,ou,000ayear,andof this only £42,000 was received fro
e patients who go there, while the institutions were i
no<wJ ,re8e A^ mott *ent £100,000 a year short of the mom
neewsary to carry them on. In conclusion, he appealed ft
all itt (°„j ho8 P*tal, which, be said, was unable to occuj
n * 8 o® 1 ? 8 hooauso of the difficulty in getting money at tl
present tune. The subscriptions amounted to £203 L.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
taimiuhu /«■ Um departieeid ,1undd be addrated to lit Chat Editor.
Mriw ah (PotoBi, Mexicoj.—Tlio uroMein i* undoubtedly wrong,and fans often ltoen
proved *o. In your i»roi»>*!«l solution, however, you fail to notice the effect of a
check ou Black playing 4. Kt to Q ;th and 5. kt to K 5th (ch). The following
seems »'Uiieter way than the published nnsworI. Q to B 4th (ch). It inter!*.*'* ;
® Mt , 11 WiHterposcs ; 3.0 to K 6th (cli), It interposes: 4 . K to It 6tli,
it W I V’rVl ' 1 S t0 p “••A*' * 5 - V hiK Hth (Ch), It mtcrjroscs ;#.QtoK 7H», K to
to 3 B wi 7 then°5. K B foy 4th J c ,,loVC *- aDU ncU mu ' c * lf WUIrcIl piny 4. K.
Purcy a norba (ClaptMtu).—It to Q Kt «th does n
correction still require* correcting.
Signor A spa.—T hunks for problems. No. I is too cnny, nno. m gooa poi
i*e. curiously old. The at her is good, and shall spinar iu due course.
J Dixon (Colchester).-W c give the fattest news up to the time of going to press.
11 _****!•£ 80,1,0 Me* construction, but
It solve No. 2307, so that the
T, and. m good port ought to
<«»» 1 our.
BUck is too much overwhelmed It....
J Daly (Clnphnm).-Please send » dine
corrections.
Daly (Clanh.nt».-Ple?
clearly understand you._
T Bait (Mooscjftw. Canada).—Allowance is always made for solvers living so fir
your prnijosed solution of No. 23031hero is no moto when Black plays
. K rn y i "* r ' ,o B stu ,ur itat mo, “- iu *“■
J In Problem No. STO the
, -r: - .....v ...live is wrongly printed ; it ought i«»
,o K 6th. not B flth. In No. 3»4, if Q B P takes Q, then 2. B takes
rrong In thinking there
... .-aBou tbe
impie reason there is i
have lioeu 1.
P (mate).
C E P.—Your answer to No. 23>7 did not reach ns. You
is a second solution liy 1. B tr- -- --
l-oard. with reg.nl to aso.
Numerous correspondents wr.._ ...
Kt 2nd d.wss uot solve the problem. The defence .. - ... „„„
S“h " S - Kt B Black re,.lie. will.aq
rma^nt ,r '"" Mr< ' V J Baird ' P n ° a| ey, 1 6 Csnuiliell,
Wlicicr.
Tiiurj ). Dane Jt. ..
an, J Hepworih Slmv.
E E H. Jniucs
Veale, Percy Andrea ((’
i). U F S Banks, Slmdfort li, and*E
Wi'jor Prirlwi
E Phillips.
Solution of I’hoblem No. 2307.
, white. black.
1. K to R SnI Kt to Q 5th
2. Qto B5th (ch) K takes Q
3. U takes It. Mate.
a J takes VS ,,KtoK5lh,ll * co - Q to Q 3rd (ch), Ac.; ifi.IttoKcth( lO.tlien
PROBLEM No. 2311.
By Codfhey Heathcote.
BLACK.
CHESS IN LONDON.
Game played in the match between Mr. Jacobs and Mr. Lomax.
black (Mr. L.)
P to Q Kit
P to K 3rd
P to Q B 4th
Kt to Q B 3rd
...,o KB 3rd
B to K 2nd
B to Q 2nd
white (Mr. J.)
LPtoRB 4th
2. P to K 3rd
3. Kt to K B 3rd
4. P to Q Kt 3rd
5. B to Kt 2nd
6. P to Q R 3rd
7. B to (J Kt 5th
8. Castles
Better to take the Q Kt at once.
8. Q to Kt 3rd
9. P to Q B -1th
A weak move, which givc3 Black n
immediate advantage.
9. P to Q R 3rd
10. P takes P P takes P
11. B to K 2nd
ic again ; the Kt should bni
becu taken
11 .
12. P to Q Kt 4th
13. B to y 4th
14. Kt to K 5th
Kt to Q R 4th
P taut's P
QtoQs.1
15. B to Kt 2nd
16. Kt bikes P
17. Kt takes B
c the P and bring the y Ki
Kt to Q B 3rd
P takes P
Castles
WIIITK (Mr. J.) black (Mr. L.)
17. Q Lakes Kt
18. R to B 3rd Kt to K sq
19. R to R 3rd PtoKBStll
Blsclc meets tlic attack, such ss It Is,
P to K Kt 4th B to B 3rd
P to Q 4th
ratting the B out ot the game, a
irmg the adverse K Kt Lu take Uj
strung vusitiuii at K til).
Kt to Q 3rd
B to Q sq
Kt to K Stli
B P Lakes B
21 .
22. P to K Kt 5th
23. B to K B 3rd
21. B takes Kt
25. H takes P
A tedd tint trasmind sacrifice. Tbi
cm, lie safelr taken.
25. K takes R
28. Q to R 5th (ch) K to Kt sq
27. P to Kt 6th K to B 4til
28. Q to H 7th (ch) K moves
29. Kt to Kt 5tll
Q to R 8th (ch)and taking the P an
have keen lietter ; l.ut the Kent, Id even
and the game is lust m an, caw.
29. K to K sq
30. B to R 3rd B to K 2nd
31. Q takes P P takes Kt,
and White resigned.
Tyneside chess has suffered a great loss by the dentil of Mr. William
Mltehcson, for thirty years one of the most prominent players In the
district. He particularly distinguished himself by Ms studies In Pawn-end
games, some line examples of which were contributed to Mr. Staunton's
[K’l'iu.lienl, the Chess Worht . Many others npficare,! In Tarions chess
columns, and their peculiar Ingenuity delighted students wherever the
game was played. He was also a well-knuwn problem composer, and, for
many years, a contributor lo this column.
'1 he match between Messrs. Jacobs and Lonian, at the City Chess Club,
one of the games of which is given above, terminated In favour of tho
former gentleman, who -cored 7 against his opponent's 4.
In the British Chess Club Hnndicap Mr. Blackbnrne has succeeded in
raising his score lo lu ; and, as he has one mere game to play, U is probable
tho result will bo a tic between him and Mr. Gnnsberg for first and second
prizes. _
A conference of the representatives of commercial interests
and members of Parliament was held at the rooms of the
Society of Arts, on July 11, to consider the Bill recently intro¬
duced into the House of Lords by the Lord Chancellor to
amend the Companies' Act. Mr. Chamberlain condemned the
measure as bad by reason both of xvhat it contained and tvhat it
did not contain, and said he was not sorry it was to be included
among the proposals which the Government had decided to
abandon. A resolution was adopted declaring that no legis¬
lation on the subject would be satisfactory which did not
include provision for tho winding up of insolvent limited
liability companies in the local bankruptcy courts in the same
way as insolvent private firms or individuals.
NOVELS.
The Fatal Three. By the author ot “ Lady Audley’s Secret,”
Ac. Three vols. (Simpkin, Marshall, and Co.).—Miss Braddon’s
power of conoeiving and conducting to its final crisis a story
of passionate and sympathetic interest has not been exhausted
by nearly fifty works of that kind ; while she has risen into a
purer moral atmosphere, and her later novels commend them¬
selves, in a high degree, to minds seriously occupied with the
problems of right living and duty. It is to be regretted that a
tale of modern English domestic life, involving personal
embarrassments caused by the English High Church prejudice
against marriage with a deceased wife’s sister, and in which
there is no suggestion of supernatural agencies, should bear a
title alluding to the Greek Fates. “ Clotho, or Spinning tbe
Thread,” “ Lnehesis, or the Meter of Destiny,” and “ Atropos, or
That which Must Be,” could well be spared from their nominal
presidency over the incidents told, respectively, in each of
these three volumes. The proper functions ascribed to them by
ancient mythology were concerned with the single life of an in¬
dividual, not with the dramatic development of mutual relations
between several persons, in which all human experience finds
the inevitable effects of preceding actions and situations.
But this is not, after all, a fatalist story; for the heroine,
Mildred Greswold, owes her mental sufferings to a mistaken
religious idea, and to her own voluntary choice under its
influence; while her husband’s distress is the result of a
combination of incidents, in his earlier life, the actual bear¬
ings of which are long misunderstood ; and in the end, when
these arc discovered, the problem that has separated an affec¬
tionate wedded pair is happily solved. The subject, therefore,
is entirely free both from real guilt of any kind, on either
part, and from the gloomy heathenish notion of an over¬
whelming necessity for inflicting or enduring evil; there is
no slavery to wrongful passions, no vindictiveness, no hatred
of anybody. With all this wholesomeness and gentleness of
feeling, there is abundant strength of purpose, and the con¬
flicting currents of emotion flow with unfailing force. In
explanation of the plot, which has the merits of originality and
possibility, it may be stated that Mildred is the daughter and
heiress of Mr. John Fausset, a wealthy retired merchant, who
in her childhood, against the wish of Mrs. Fausset, brought
to his house an older girl, of unknown parentage, said to be a
distant relation of his own family; this girl, called Fay, was
disliked and slighted by Mr. Fausset's jealous wife, suspecting
her to be an illegitimate child of his, born some years before
his marriage. Fay was soon packed off to a Brussels boarding-
school, and nothing more has been heard of her until long after
Mr. and Mrs. Fausset have died. Mildred, in the mean time, has
grown up, and has become the wife of George Greswold, a
country gentleman, who is an excellent husband. Their happy
life at Enderby Manor, near Romsey, their care for the poor of
the village, the outbreak of typhoid fever, owing to the acci¬
dental poisoning-of milk with water from a condemned well,
and the death of their only child, are described with pathetio
tenderness, and with minnte truthfulness of detail. Grief has
a strange effect on George Greswold, who is liable to fits of de¬
pression, in which he talks wildly to himself, ns he does also in
his sleep. Overhearing Borne words, M ild red is led to fear that he
is oppressed with the secret memory of some terrible event in
his earlier life. They meet, unfortunately, in the society of
their country neighbours, an Italian named Casteliani, educated
in England, an accomplished musician, and author of an
ndmired book, who knew Greswold formerly at Nice. He
reminds Greswold that they met, as he says to him, “ soon
after your first marriage.” Mildred had never before heard
that her husband was a widower at the time she married him;
and his having concealed this fact, along with his mysterious
suffering from some painful reminiscences, of which he re¬
fuses at first to give any account, excites grievous appre¬
hensions in her mind. She loses confidence in him, and there
is a certain degree of estrangement; but one day, frankly and
tenderly appealing to him for an explanation, she is shown
the photograph of his first wife, in whom she recognises Fay,
the companion for some months of her childhood. Mildred
had been told by her mother, Mrs. Fausset, that she had
sufficient grounds for believing Fay to be Mr. FausBet’s
daughter before they married. The identification of Fay with
George Greswold’s first wife might not seem a very dreadful
matter ; but a section of the Anglican clergy has imposed on
feeble and ignorant people the utterly false opinion, derived
from stupidity or fraud in the Dark Ages, denounced by all Pro¬
testant communions, and belied notoriously by freqncnt special
dispensations from the heads of the Roman Catholic Church,
that for a woman to marry a man whobasonce married her sister
is a sin of “ incest.” Poor Mrs. Greswold, being the victim of
this cruel delusion and of tbe baneful counsels of her favourite
clergyman, the Rev. Clement Cancellor, believing that Fay
was her half-Bister, fancies it is her duty to forsake a most
affectionate and faithful husband, though her union with hint
stands perfectly valid iu law. She goes abroad, with his niece.
Miss Pamela Kansome, and on the shores of Lagn Mnggioro
again encounters Casteliani, who basely proposes to take
advantage of her unprotected position. Being soorafnliy
repelled, he taunts her with having taken for a husband a man
suspected of murdering his first wife. She then goes to Nice,
gets information from a resident there, Lady Lochinvar, and
learns that George Greswold, in his youth, having married a
young Englishwoman studying music at Milan, lived un¬
happily with her in a lone cottage near Nice, till she was killed
by falling from a cliff. He was accused of tbe crime, but ns
he seemed to be insane, was released after being confined in
tbe local pnblio asylum. Mildred's visit to this place,
and her personal inquiries, which are admirably narrated,
convince her that he was not guilty of the murder, while
they fnlly account for his agonising remembrances. On
her return to England, though she hastens to see her
unhappy husband—a scene described with much depth and
delicacy of feeling—she persists in living apart from him,
and, resolving to devote herself to labours of religions charity,
joins Miss Fausset, her father’s sister, a rich elderly lady at
Brighton, who is the zealous and munificent patroness ot
Church work in that town. Mildred appears likely to succeed
her aunt, whose health is declining, in this career of devout
and pious effort, and never to resume her proper place as a
wife; but a still more astonishing discovery is in store for
her. Among the old papers left by her father' she accidentally
finds a handle of letters proving that Miss Fausset herself,
betrayed by a mock marriage with Castellani’s father, was tho
mother of Fay, whom her brother had privately educated
before attempting to introduce her into his house, and who
afterwards took a different name. This, of coarse, puts an
end to Mrs. Greswold’s scruples, and she returns at length to
cheer the home of an excellent yuan who had been very
severely tried; while Miss Fausset, who had been somewhat
of a hypocrite, and was unnaturally averse to her own off¬
spring, though an innocent victim in the misfortune that
gave it birth, makes a full confession to her niece before she
dies. It is not a story of Fate, or “the Fates”; bat it is n
very interesting story. The subordinate figures and incidents,
especially those of Mrs. IliUersdon’s visiting party, with her
questionable antecedents, do not contribute much to its value.
80
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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lV.r.i, M.k.r- to her M:.jr-i> a ml the I'rmco anil Prince* 4 "f
Wafe». C M'TIU.V tl«o Pubhc that Pianoforte- are heimt s.ild
fact ore. F.-r mf..i mafioVas to authenticity ai»|il> at I*. Great
Marlhor-mnli *t.. « here new Pianos can he obtained from angs.
l.tRARDS' PIANOS. — COTTAGES, from
SO If ii I lira •».
-BADEN.—Hotel Victoria. First
.„.. nearest the Concersat tan
...FrcdencksbAd. Sanitary arrangements perfect.
Accommodation superior. fttad-nutc charge*.
pHAUMONT, Neuchatel. Switzerland. )
KJ Hotel and Pension Chanmout. Splendid i*an«>rani:i of |
the Alp 4 and the Lake- Xeiichiiiel. Moral, llicnne. Air. tome
......:-i...*t pine forest, llatlis.
MAPLE & CO.
rpABLE LINENS.
ri'ABLE LINENS.
1 During the lomt-cominucil depression in trade, many or
the bc*t Irish maiiufneturers hare si ill kept their most .-kdrtil
weavers employed, wit h the result that stocks I mu e itcciiiini-
l»t«'d, till of necessity they must he reali-ed, even at « scrioua
sacrifice.
O'AHLE LINENS.—MAPLE and CO. having
1 tieeii consulted hy several manufacturers so situated,
, j m0 i ■ought out for cash, on most exceptional terms, an
1 immense assortment of pure hand-made. *<>ft-finish I'hOTHS
| nud NAPKINS, which they arc now offering at a i cry large
j jicrcentage under value.
! r TABLE LINENS.—The cases are now being
I A <)|<ene<1 out. and comprise a to we variety of I’l.DTILS
! of n substantial character, fir for everyday family ii-c. aiul
which. being pure ll »x. will wear well and ret mi flieir
I natiir.il liloiiiu till the Iasi. The Ctaih 4 are mostly of
I medium sizes- 2 yards hy 2j yard*. from lid.; hotter <|ii:ility,
ta. lid.; extra quality, Us. 9d
'j'ABLE LINENS,
j rpABLE LINENS.
1 rPABLE LINENS.—Amongst flic slocks are
SEASIDE SEASON.—THE SOUTH COAST.
(Frequent Trains from
Sh.mmn. ( London Budge.
KASTHOl'UNR. | Trams in conniTtion fron
m London a mu la Me
1,1TTI. K11A M PTON. I Weekly .
im i.iN'i isla:
PoKT<MU1 TIL
ss,' lT ;c£«r"“'..
■ovod Train Services.
imM’ar Trams heiwccn London
1>RIGHT0N.—Cheap First Class Pnv Tickets.
X* London to Hrii-'hi.m every w«ek.la>.*
Fr-mi Victoria l»a.m.. fare. 12s. ul.. including I'nilniand-nr
<*he.iji HalMvumei hirst Class Day Ticket- r*. |{hkIi(o|i.
Kv cry Saturday fn.m Victoria and London (indite.
Admit!tint to the lirand A'liiariuin atol l(oy«i p.,\H,ojj.
<*henp First t'l:*-* l»av Ticker.-to IhiA'Iiloii < v i-i> Sunday,
I*VIAN - LES - BAINS. Savoy. — Grand
JTj Casino; theatrical representations. <>i«*ras, concert«.
(•alls, t; ’ •••• “ .. . .*
Auihori:
liver affi
G\,
teami Academy of Si«
liver affect
RIXDELWALD.
__*ifcl de I'Oiirs. The Hear 1
facing tlm irlnciers. (iuidcs in
hiiis: estiihlishinent.
Hkkn.vIiu. hired or. *
Switzerland.—The
I linn Uxitnlly a-ked f*»i tt<»<als of •■i dinai s eliaraefer.
r |'ABLE LINENS.—Included in the slocks
L will also ».e found n Jarce variety id li.dh ri.MTH'* and
A'C., and proprietors coiitemplniiint renevvimr tlie-e Hems
should certainly make an early in^iM-etion.or write for .-a tuple 4
or limitations. A great saving limy he effeeled hy 1'inrli i .
, O'ABI.E I
1 JL idles upoi
I Fish Napkin-, f
\ID0UE and JIOORE.—Pianos from DiV gs.
a• L to los j*s. Organs from 7 gs. to an gs.; Three-Years*
Si stem, from hm. 6d. per Mouih, or Cash. Lists free.
104 and lffi, Rishopsgate-within, Ltnidou K.C.
I0HN BROAD WOOD and SONS,
f x\ tireat Pnltenev-street, London. W.
HOLD MUDAL INVENTIONS H.X1IIHITIOS, 1*83.
tiOLl) MEDAL SOCIETY OP AllTS. |a>S.
n. » VIUVIJITHS for SALE ftt from 25 to 25U i/mnnas.
PIA NO FORTES for HIRE.
TOHN BRINSMEAD and SONS’
*" PIANOFORTES are the perfection of Touch.Tone,and
Durability. _ _ ,
is, 2«>, and 22, W T i(ni\ore-strcct. London,
Illustrated Lists post-free.
T B. CRAMER and CO., 207 and 20i>,
• I • Regent-*!reef, London. W.,have a choice selection of
upwards of pm SECONDHAND Grand, Oblique, CoUaue.and
S< ilia re PIANOFORTES and i” * viwtcj .1
makers, at exceptionally low 1..
Chamber, Chancel, and Cabinet Organs, Harm.
I 0E0HE-LES-BAINS. Valais.
XJ do France. First-chiss. C.m
L
I need price
rli 4 h elnirch.
iiss, Proprietor.
Switzerland.
iiniiue.’Ltiiiir with
legraph in hotel.
LINENS.—The Stocks also include
..... .ipon piles Of DAMASK NAPKINS. :» 4 follow.- .-
.. .. Napkin 4 , from 2*. 3d. ja r dozen : Ureakfast ditto, from
.-.fid. per dozen; Dinner Napkin.*, all tloe tlax, from fis-lld.
jicr dozen ; extra large French
UCERNE.—Stenm-boat travelling on this
1 ‘ Lake is one of the prnicijial pleasures of
Tourists. The £a lot hi boats make eighteen km*ts. ami have
commodious saloons. Rest,in rant. Talde-d'hute. Tickets
equally n rail able by rail.
L
UCERNE.—The Stadthof is the leading
.. Billiard-n
.' Patron
. of Alps, lake, a
snuauon 4 . Pension, from t
Josh i'ii Kost, Proprietor
T U C E R N E.— Hotels Sohweizeihof and
JU Luecrnerliof. An extra floor ami two »<*» lifts added
to the Schwvi/. rliof. The i lectric light is supplied in the 500
rooms ; no charge for lighting nr service.
INVENTIONS EXHIBITION.—The
i SILVER MEDAL has been awarded to J. B. CRAMER j
piano*."’ Price-Lists free o:
au<l Monrgate-strect.
D0RE-LES-BAINS.
Rathing Esiablishui'-iit reeomitien
and Asthma, a too for Liver, spleen and tb
. springs, varying from 5ndeg. to liudct
September ; alt it m.
Pny-de-Dome.
tt-<f for Bronchitis
in. There are eight
gHEETINGS.
gHEETINGS.
QHEETINGS.
' ’ M A1M.K mill CO
Irish, Scotch.and Ha»
plain and twilled ('O’
assorted,anil prices a., ....
would therefore do^xvell t«
JJ0USEH0LD LINENS.
JJ0USEH0LD LINENS.
T INENS.—A Complete Set for £S Ids. fld..
X-J r insisting of Blanket*,guilts, Table Linen Sheets. A«\,
suitable for a Inm.-e of eight rooms.—M.U'LK and CD.,
London. Paris, and Smyrna.
T INENS.—A Complete Set for Cl? 3*..
xJ suitable for a house of ten rooms. Sec special
Catalogue. -MAPLE and CO., Tottenham-cmirt-road.
T INENS.—A Complete Set for £•>« 12c. 1M.,
JLJ suilnldu for a house of twelve rooms. See special
Catalogue.
MAPLE & CO.
I>LEYEL. WOLFF, and CO.’S PIANOS. 1 '\v~cTlREN Switrerlnn.l-Grand Hotel dcs ! AfAPLE and CO-OIL PAINTINGS.
I .- JIT^ifeai ! JJurLE CO.-IVATEU C0L01HA
j QIL PAINTINGS by Known ARTISTS,
i QIL PAINTINGS by Rising ARTISTS.
-yyATER COLOURS hy Known ARTISTS.
1 ■yyATEH COLOURS by Rising ARTISTS.
APLF. and CO.-Oil Paintings and Wafer
g ■<!- iii.Kked in p:.uu 11 ^ii re-*, a *y-lein as e*labli-h<*d lllty
JJArLE and CO.—English Chime CLOCKS.
I lyjAPLE and CO.—Dining-room CLOCKS.
! APLE and CO.—Drawing-room CLOCKS.
twitzorlaml. This
I)
'ALMAINE and CO.'S PIANOS AND
■Milk,-,-. 4i
tp HO M AS OET Z M A N N and C 0.
1 «!■•.ire it in be m-nt dinmeilv iiiulerJt.md that they ate
Pen,, forte Mann fuel mer* only , un) i Inf (heirunf) addle** m
£20 .—''V ALN UT f C0TT A.GE PI A NOFORTE,
!n g* 4 * f ree. —T HU M a's 1 f »ETZM A NNanil B ik'-r-st i ect,
J. iiubm. W. i.exaetly 'ipp mite ihr Baker-drert Haziarl.
N K „ r f : J1 ,I . A 7
UumVbti«. r,ai " Ki*.>ki:s». Pr.»prirJ..r.
I>0NTRES[NA. Engariinc. Switzerland.
1 1 II..I.I sic:nb..fk. In ili- ii|'J«t |xnt ..f I*MnlivMin.
PARIS -SHORTEST. CHEAPEST ROUTE
A Via NEW HAVEN. DIEPPE, and ROCKN.
EXPRESS DAY SERVICE-Every Weekday as under.—
Luiubfii llridge
Victoria Slat tan. station. Paris.
Dcp. Rep. Arr
Monday, July 23 7 5 a.m. 7 n» a.nt. fi # r. pin,.
* ‘fix lib*SERVICE. Leaving Victoria ;..v» j
Bridge h.o lull, every Week-day and Sunday.
FARES: —London to Pans and Uick-l.-t
Available for Ri turn within one month •• X:
Third Class Return Tickets (by the Night S
A spartan* and rommndmu* Station lias I
on tin* new V»ay at New haven, whereii;
The Normandy, Rnriany, and U<
..‘iVry'iiV'.lMmt nTteinv
Trains run alongside Si earners ai
‘ Pi)liming Drawing-Room Cur . ..... ... ,
Diepi»e frequent Iv
dalTrftiVi'
plemtal fast p:i/b!le-
pOR full particulars, sec
(ll.v O
. ami at i be fotlou
CUMMER TOURS IN SCOTLAND.
uf.ASDOW AND THE HIGHLANDS.
fRuyal Hmite v m Crinan and Caledonian OmnlsO
The Royal Mail Suamer COLCMItA or IONA, with Pans-
enger* only, sails from GLASGOW Daily at 7. a.m.. from
GREENOCK at v. a.m.. in connection with Express Trains
from London and the South, conveying imsM. 1 ! 1 *' 4 "**
Oban, Fort William. Inverness, Loeliawc, Skye.
' ‘ ' tvlencoc, Isla* - —
Illuslrated, t
Lochmarce. Staffa, I
mho way. Thurtioi
... . Railway Stalls throughout England. Time Hill,
•ithMapnrid Fares.free from t lie o wucr-1) a v in M a (It n a v \ k,
Ills. Ifu|
M onte carl
AS A SI MMER RESORT.
Kora Rummer slay. Monte Carlo, ad ju rein to Monaco, i?
of the most ijmet. char hi ing,and imere-umgof spot*
Hotels arc grand ami mime ro ns. with warm sen-bat In*, and
•nifortable villas and a|<irtim-nt*. rejileie with
. * .datv* of summer report
on the Mediterranean
n the world ihat can compare in
h Monte Carlo, or in its special
Hot only by iIn-favour'd elitmile
but also t»y the facilities of every
f illness or disease, or tar the.
mpicp the first place
terrnnenn sea-bonler,
4 attractions, ami the
n the Med
rope ;
v orld, i
n l.oudon and forty minute* from
SJ;
Italy.
G0THARD RAILWAY,
SWITZERLAND.
-f direct, rapid, picfuiesum*, ami delightful route to
ponding Railway S
.ailway. from Aril
ires. Safely Drakes
> I G I K ALT B A D. near Lucerne.
£ :{o.—Upright Iron GRAND PIANO. Seven
octaves, with htu- 4 pin-plate, especially constniefe-l for
extreme climate*, t.eing bolted and ^crvwcd h "”iV
f re*V — TROMA S '«»EI’ZdAS'N and CO.. 27, Biker-treet.
■yy EDDING anil BIRTHDAY l’l IKS ENTS
J>r<;I.-Hot. 1 lligi First. NtMi- tin- liim of
C IJKr,[SBKR(l KURORT. Smimmberg.
l' ll-'.ltl I ... -V.'ll. ..Is. K .H- I,
ie Kingdom. Clocks i
f IRUISE TO THH NORWEGIAN FIORDS,
CTFAMURS te NORWAY, flu- BALTIC, the
l I n»,7 ! "rr S " B l’.V'li«“ *?.!:?V-s-l Ztrl : l'nl‘"'r
»> r. ..„ i., 11. -. V; Kl KKV SATI-ni.IV -
Lwinr
rnoTi hi
^JOCKLE'S
^NTIBILIOUS
piLLS.
ytOCKLE'S ANTIBILI0US PILLS.
Vj roll I.IVEE.
C 'OCKLE’S ANTIBILI0US PILLS.
V/ out mr.R.
T'OCKLE'S ANTIBILI0US PILLS.
V^l FIMt INDICIESTION-.
SWITZERLAND.--The Vit/ii.vu - Rigi
JUIII-U'III il KaliI.i.l fur II*. llih-|.S,-li,i.ii'.-k.
r |'HUN.—Hotel Pensionlkuimgarten.situated
A, "!,:rz '‘" a iT'i'-.'isn '''"'. i “i'jfc ''Vi "7 1
v ALL EE DES 0RMONTS. Switzerland.
Hotel des Dn.derets. Wi'H-ltrpt, fli*l-ela-s hoil-e,
y IL L E N ]•: r V E. - Hotel Byron. ^ This
iimini.ii- i-i D"ai and Rail. ° ° l»n• vied by (he J’roir.
VERM ATT. Canton Valais. Switzerland.
ll .r. l 'll. fiilTel. Altirude. fi. The cm ir.'it*
j ^rURlCH.-IU
flOCKLES ANTIBILI0US PILLS.
\J FOR HEA
HEARTBURN,
irEATING'S POWDER.—Kills bugs, moths.
IV (tea 4 , and ail ill sect 4 (perfectly unrivalled'. Karmic.*
to everything but in^-et*. Tin*, fid. :cn«l l*.
WORMS IN CHILDREN are easily, surely, and with
perfect *»fety g.»t ri<t of by using KEATING’S WORM
TABLETS. Tin*, 1*. l*d. each.
VALUABLE DISCOVERY for the HAIR.
* If y»»nr hair is turning grey, or white, or falling nff :
use "The Mexican Hair Rcnewei." for it will positively
restore in every ease Grey or White Hair to its original colour,
without leaving the disagreeable smell of most “ Restorer*.
It makes the hair charmingly beautiful,as well as promoting
the growth of the hair on babl sputa, where the gland* arc
not dernyed. “The Mexican Hair Renewer” m sold by
Chemisttand Perfumer* everywhere, at 3*. cd. per Bottle.
ir the landing of the
I’tiill.. Proprietor. \
A",y^ r
OTHERS —Are you broken
I COMPLIMENTARY PRESENTS.
1 ‘YyEDDING PRESENTS.
! COMPLIMENTARY AND WEDDING
I VZ 1‘IIKSEN’TH from One Cillinesi t„ A*N„.
’ ]yjAPLE and CO-BRONZES.
"Vf APLE and CO - BRONZES,
! hi A slir,„- ..fni'.-nZM, til the i-lylr.,
ill |*o|j•'hi'oine, limy. Dirbe-lienti* 4 . A< Infitnling pur-
eha-er* -Ir.iiM m-pe.': -ame. a* a --* 1 . n • . hoc na- 'utli
Iliad*.* in Mil* branch of jmln*iry.
’ll APLE and CO.-ORNAMENTAL CHINA.
In Mu* lh'jciit in* lit xylM.e found a -ii|'j.|-l. .•..M.-i'tinn. 1
• Cloi-'iin.. ami Kaca. Among l-lur*.(*■-» 11 hwk.- will be fouml
I'oalp'-n, Derby. D"idtoii. Woi,.-i.-r. VV.d--.ii.. Itmo.-amn.
I Ire-do 11 a m I Vienna, fonnoi-. nr- :.ml «..||"(»r- «.ll timl
V:»-e* Ac. -t e\....i.ire -hap*- ami e .. .ur. u pi n e -1 hat will
e.>iu|cire favourably wuh any ••ihn li.m-.- in the world.
M A PI.B and CD., Tottculiam-cout i-r>Kid, r.oudon . al-.»al Pan. 4
MAPLE & CO.
pURNITURE for EXPORTATION.
H undreds of thousands of pounds’
worth "f mnniif etiired GODDS ready for immediate
| six cm established llfiy year*.
yiSITORS as well as MERCHANTS arc
WHAT IS YOUR CREST and WHAT
IS YOUR MOTTO?-Pend name and cunt y »<>
CITLLETON’S Heraldic Dlfice. Painting m heraldiccobmr*,
7*. fid. l'odigrecs traced. The correct cnb'iirn for ineiics.
The arms of bust,and ami wife blended. Crest engraved ■■
seal* and dm*, n*. fid. Hook plate* engraved innncient and
modern *t > le 25. C ran boo in* Meet, W.U.
/'ULLETON'S GUINEA BOX of
Ay ST A TI ONER Y- a Ream of PSper and wn
stamped with Crest or Address. N«. charge for eiigr.iung
steel dies. Wedding and Invitation Cards. A t AUD
PLATE and fifty best Cards, Printed, 2s. sd., po*t-irec. '*>
» rTnv a11*...Craubourii-etrect (coiner of
( T. CU LI.ETDN, Seal
St. Martin’- - - ,v
W.U.
TEPIITIIAH’S VOW, hy EDWIN LONG.
J r 4 -Th,-,.- Nr,y ■< : 1^!>“T, :N 1 U, 1 ,’!',
I^LORILINE. For the Teeth and Breath.
I I« t lie* be«t l.n|ui'l Dentifnie in flic world it ibormigbly
hem pearly ulnle, imparling a del-gin
The VALE OF TEARS— DORK S Last,
1 Great PICTURE e. mi pbie-1 a few .lay* be tare '’"V
N O W I IN VI Ii W' at 1110 DW1K < J A R J' : ’Y’' "(mo Shi 111 nu!
| with hi* other great P.einies. Ten toSi x «»»»?. _
r\' HE N E W CALLER V,
I Regent-sireef. () n )n . to
The SUMMER ^ KXII ■ '^.^'''.p’ ekct- FT Shillings.
r ci3,icr<l urk;,-, -h,h if r -_r ‘ 4 J ( il IT7 zal*. JlcFc-n'-slos't.
ful fragrance to 1 lie breath. Tim Kr:
mu ike : "being lmrilv compo-e<| of leo
•weef hert.sand plant 4 - if 1* perfect I
ami ns harmless a* -lierry. Sold ' “
everywhere, at 2*. Gd. per Bottle-
by Chemi-u and Pui fumei 4
M APLE nml CO.. Upholstori-rs hy S|K-cial
Ap.-Vfidmeiit to her Majesty^the Queen.* The repu-
Uiington, Ac.—Tottenh im-court-roaU, London; Pans, and'
TITALVERN IMPERIAL HOTEL. - ^
. op ;-l j.v 1 ^
TBE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Ji%r 21, 1888.-81
MB. EDISON SPEAKING THROUGH THE PERFECTED PHONOGRAPH IN AMERICA.
82
Iriifi ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 21,
A STATESMAN’S RETREAT.
A statesman in tho retirement of his Tusculum is always a
pleasing pictuiv—the contrast is so great between the forum
and the council-chamber, and tho sunny scat on the garden
terrace or the quiet nook in the blooming orchard. For my
part, I think Charles James Fox nt St. Anne's-hill a much
more loviblo an I attractive figure than Charles James Fox at
St. St iphcn’s. His moral nature seems to nave been purified
and do vat .si by the fresh rural air. and all that was best in
the man developed by the sweet sunshine of Heaven, which ho
onjoyed so thoroughly. One sees ill him the fond, devoted
husband, the gonial host, the kind master, the faithful friend,
and. not least, tho accomplished scholar, whose love of letters
graced and beautified his leisure. Fox thundering in the
House of Commons against an irresistible majority I regard as
altogether an ignobler and certainly a mneh less happier
person than Fox at St. Anne's, discussing, with lino cr.ticat
taste, the classics of Grcoce and Home, or the masterpieces of
French and Italian literature. It is curious to note that of
the Latin poets he preferred Ovid, though Horace has been the
usail favourite with men of tho world: of the Greek
tragedians, Euripides, with his profound pathos: and of the
ancient historians, llerodotns, with his large simpleness and
genial receptivity, lie was a great student of the drama, ami
of our old English poets an assiduous reader and warm admirer.
8 om.hj.ues he beguiled an idle hour at St. Anne’s by writing
verse which were about as good as most of those verses which
clever men write who are not poets.
From bis correspondence with his young nephew. Lord
Holland, it appears that he was well acquainted with tho
Spanish as well as Italian authors. On one occasion he writes:
*• I will keep your books for you. nor do I know that there are
any, except perhaps the ‘Parnass’ [a collection of Pp-nmU
loemsj that I shall beg of you. I have hitherto looked very
ittle into them. I read one novel, ‘ El Cochcro honro 6 o.’ which
I thought very poor; one thing in Codalso. ‘ La Violeta’ [a
prose satire], or some such name, whieh I like exceedingly ;
and * Galatea' [a pastoral romance, by Cervantes], in which
there are many pretty things, but not much genius. Cer¬
vantes's style in this, and, I think, in some other things,
appears to me to be formed entirely upon Boccaccio — whom, by-
the-way, I do not know that he anywhere mentions—and it
appears to me to be forcible, or affecting, or descriptive, pre¬
cisely in projiortion as it resembles its original.” Again, ho
writes: *■ I have been reading Ariosto,a»d I declare I like him
better than ever. If I were to know but one language besides
luy own, it should be Italian.” And next he lias something to
say about the immortal poet to whom a great living statesman
has devoted a much closer and more scholarly, if not a more
loving.consideration: “If you will not read the ‘Iliad’ regularly
through,” he says, “ pray read the tenth book, or. at least, the
first half of it. It is a part I never heard particularly cele¬
brated ; but I think the beginning of it more true in tho
description of the uneasiness in the Greek army, and the soli¬
citude of the different chiefs, than anything almost in the
poem. . . . You see. I have never done with Horner, and, in¬
deed, if there was nothing else, except Virgil and Ariosto, one
should never want reading.”
At St. Anne's, Fox received his intimate friends, delighting
them by the fresh flavour of his conversation, and drawing
them to him by the warmth of his nature and the kindliness
of his dis(K) 8 ition. Everybody knows the inscription on the
monument of the accomplished Elizabethan, Fulkc Greville,
Lord Brooke—" Here lies Fulke Greville. servant to Queen
Elisabeth, Counsellor to King James, and fnrmt lo Mr J /nh/>
Sidnrtj." but everybody may not remember that a similar
boast of honourable'friendship is made by Lord John , iowns-
hend. who desired to be deseribed on his gravestone by the
title of which be was proudest—‘ Tin- friend and emujunion of
Mr. Foe." There was something in Fox that laid hold upon
men's hearts: I suppose it was the keen interest be took in
everything connected with the people he knew, lie made
them feel that he was concerned for them and about them :
and yon can pay a man no greater compliment than to show
that yon value him so mnch as to care about what befalls him.
How delightful, sirs Earl Stanhope, must Fox have
been as a companion ! IIo\v frank, how rich, how varied
his flow of conversation .' ’i'was certainly no small i rivilege
to be admitted to his beautiful rural retreat : to sit by liis
sido beneath tho cedars which bo had planted ; to hear
him in eloquent discourse upon tho hooks he loved and the
men he knew. Mr. Greville tells ns that Talleyrand was
never tirod of expatiating upon Fox's simplicity, almost
boyish gaiety, vivacity, and yet, at times, his profound¬
ness. And ah ! with what sunny humour did he make
a jest of his indolence at St. Anne's ! Once, when Rogers
remarked on the pleasantness of lying upon the greensward
all day with a book in one's hand, the idler rejoined : "Yes :
hut why with a book" Though, perhaps, there was more
wisdom than idlesso in this rejoinder, since a mail ought,
nt times, to suffice to himself. How genial was his aspect,
when, walking with slow, goaty feet, hut with radiant
countenance, and a laugh in his voice, along his garden
alleys, ho expanded his brood breast, irfhaled tho fragrant
airs. and. nt intervals, exclaimed: “ Oh, liow fine a thing is
life ! ” He had a keen relish—this giant of debate, this Ajax
of the political arena—for tho sweet sights and sounds of
Nature; and enjoyed, with an unrestrained enjoyment, the
pleasure of a warm. Jane day, or a balmy April morning, with
"a sweet, westerly wind, a beautiful sun, all the thorns and
elms just budding, and the nightingales just beginning to
sing." In one of his letters, our statesnmn-off-duty exclaims,
in a kind of lyrical rapture : ‘-’If ever there was a place that
might bo called the seat of true happiness, St. Anne's is the
place ! " Here ho loitered about the green fields, plucked tho
scented blossom from the hawthorn-hedge, and with curious eye
watched tho growth of his vegetables and fruits. " Where is
Fox now !" said a friend to General Fitzpatrick, at a critical
moment in the French Revolution, -‘ Where is Fox now.’ " •• I
dare say lie is at home," was the answer," sitting on a haycock,
reading novels, and watching the jays steal’his cherries 1 ”
The grounds, which were very agreeable, with some admir¬
able prospects of woed and water, Fox liked to see kept in
excellent order. He erected at different points a small temple
as a memorial of Henry Lord Holland attaining his majority,
a grotto, and some vases with poetical inscriptions, Such
things were according to the taste of his day ; they were tho
juvenilities of the art of the landscape-gardener. Altogether,
he was so happy at St. Anne's that one wonders St. Stephen's
could ever draw him from it. To be the leader of a great
political party—to lie the object of the eulogies of one half of
your eonntrymen and the target of the execrations of the other
half—is. no doubt, a grand and glorious position : hut there
arc some among us who can never he pcisuaded that tho
fever and unrest of the Forum furnish anything like a
satisfactory equivalent for the repose and tranquillity of the
Tusculum ! W. H. D.-A.
EDISON’S PERFECTED PHONOGRAPH.
The improved apparatus devised by Professor Edison, of
Orange. New Jersey, in the United States, to perfect his
wonderful aeons ic machine, by which spoken words or music,
inscribing their precise tones, syllables, and accents, on
cylindrical rollers of wax, can be afterwards repeated at any
distance of place and time, continues t> excite public curiosity.
We gave last week an Illustration of the hearing of the first
message from America, a letter dictated to the machine by
Mr. Edison, in his laboratory, at three o'clock in the morning,
on June HI. which was repeated, without the loss of a word.cn
July hv a corresponding machine, at the house of his agent
in England. Colonel Gotiraud, Little Menlo, Beulah Spa. Upper
Norwood; tho waxen record or “phonogram'’ having been
sent to England by mail steam ship. The Illustration given
in the present Number, from a photograph, is that of Mr.
Edison speaking this message to the machine ; and, in order lo
render the parts of the instrument more clear, the following
explanation will be interesting. To the left is the electric
motive power, in this case a bichromate bottle battery. To
the right of this is tho motor box ; above it is the regulator.
Under Edison's recording or spunking tube is the wax cylinder,
placed over ail iron core. The projecting rod in front of tho
evlinder is an index to the contents of the phonogram. T .i
front of the box are three wax cylinders or phonograms. In
front of these is a branched tube, the “ earphone." for more
certainly excluding outside noises : this is to he fitted over the
receiving tube—that on Ihe frame to the left of the recording
tnlie. By a swift and exact arrangement, either of these tubes
can he shifted, when required, to its place over the wax cylinder.
We are informed that extensive preparations have been
made, ill America, for the manufacture of those machines ; tlic
works at present under construction having a capacity of
making two hundred machines a day. There will he a variety
of forms of phonographs adapted to different purposes, and of
various prices. The form to be first made available to tho
public will he similar to the one sent to Colonel Gournud by
Mr. Edison, and is expected to be sold for about .C jt». It will
he found both useful and amusing.
Rear-Admiral Robert A. E. Scott has been awarded the
Flag-Officer's Greenwich Hospital pension of £ 1.10 a year, void
by the death of Admiral George Goldsmith.
The competition for the Charles Lucas Medal nt the Royal
Academy of Mnsic was decided on July 11. The prize was
awarded to Dora Bright.
The Bishop of Rochester presided on July It; at a meeting
of his diocesan society, when the following grants were
made :—£2.T0 for the church of St. Barnabas, Gillingham ;
X 100 towards the endowment of St. Luke, Reigatc; £200 for
a parsonage for the parish of St. Stephen, Battersea; and
£I(K!3 for stipends of mission-clergymen, scripture-readers,
and mission-women.
In London 2fi2H births and 1288 deaths wore registered in
the week ending July 14. Allowing for increase of population,
the births were 2H.1, and the deaths AGO. below the average
numbers in the corresponding weeks of the last ten years.
The deaths included 1 from small-pox. 2ii from measles, 18
from scarlet fever. 24 from diphtheria, 32 from whooping-
cough, 12 from enteric fever, 1 from an undefined form of
continued fever. 72 front diarrhma and dysentery, and 3 from
cholera and choleraic diarrtuna. Deaths referred to diseases of
the respiratory organs were IC>4. being 43 below the average.
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IRISH EXHIBITION. IN LONDON. 1888.
I. NoIV OPEN.
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SEE PAGE 86.
JULY 21, 1888 rppj,
— LLU 8TEATEU LONDON NEWS
85
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE GAMBETTA STATUE IN PARIS.
The statue of Gambctta, erected in the Place da Carrousel,
close to the Louvre Garden, was publicly unveiled on Friday,
duly 13, in the presence of M. Carnot, President of the
French Republic, assisted by all the Ministers and the
Presidents of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies.
M. Floquet. the Prime Minister (President of the Council of
Ministers), who hod that morning fought his sword-duel with
General Bon linger, walked at the head of his colleagues, and
had an enthusiastic popular reception. Addresses were
delivered by M. Spnller, chairman of the committee for this
monument, who was secretary to Gambetta in the Provisional
Government of 1870 : M. Le Royer, President of the Senate,
M. Moline, President of the Chamber, M. Floquet, and M. De
Freycinet, another of Gambetta’s colleagues at the commence¬
ment of the Ilepnblic ; an ode was recited by the eminent
actor M. Moanet-Sully, of the Theatre Fran<?ais. There was a
marching-past of troops, and the whole affair was decidedly
imposing. On Saturday, July 14. the anniversary of the
capture of tho Bastille, President Carnot and the members
of the French Government held a military review,
and attended a banquet given to 1500 provincial Mayors
and other official dignitaries, at the Exhibition bnildings
in tho Champ de Mars. Statues of Etienne Marcel, a
patriotic ancient Mayor of Paris, and of Sergeant Bobillot, n
soldier who died bravely with the army in Tonquin. also a
monument and bust commemorating incidents of the Revolu¬
tion of 1739, were unveiled on the same day.
Tlic Ilev. Dr. R. C. Billing, many years Rector of Spiial-
fulds, and the Ven. F. H. Thicknesse. D.D., Archdeacon of
Leicester, were, on Sunday morning, July 15, consecrated in St.
Paul's Cathclml os Bishop Suffragan of Bedford and Bishop
Suffragan of L'icester respectively.
The annual general meeting of the Society for the Pro¬
bation of Women and Children was held at St. James's Hall
Restaurant on July 13. Lord Mount-Temple, president of tbo
society, occupying the chair. The twenty-ninth annual report
stated that owing to the increased support that had been given
to the society of late years, the council had bc?n enabled not
only considerably to extend their work, but also greatly to
improve their financial position. The report specified a number
of cases in which the society had successfully acted in the
interest of ill-used women and children, the cases investigated
(luring 1387 numbering 683. The receipts for the year
amounted to £1141), and the expenditure to £615.
The second Public Archery Meeting of the season at the
Crystal Palace closed on July 13. The top scores of the
meeting, or the double York and National Rounds, were made
by Mr. C. E. Neshara. Royal Toxophilite Society, and Mrs. P.
Legh. Applying the percentage system to the scores in
respect of past successes, first score prizes went to Mrs. W.
Yates Foot, and to the Rev. C. H. Everett; second prizes to Mrs.
W. Legh and Mr. W. G. Mason ; third prizes to Mrs. Haigh
and Captain E. M. Allen: fourth prizes to Miss C. Radford
and Rev. Eyre Hussey: fifth prizes, Mrs. Ncsham and Mr.
Xesham ; sixth prize, Mrs. Preston : and seventh prize, Miss
Hutchinson. The prizes for most golds went to Mr. Preston
and Mrs. Eyre Hussey, but the greatest number of golds in
scoring were made by Mrs. C. Radford and Mr. C. E. Nosham.
Two notable events in the contest were Mrs. Legh making three
consecutive golds at one end at fifty yards, and receiving the
customary subscription shillings, and a fine pin-hole gold at
sixty yards by Mrs. Prestou.
FASHIONABLE MARRIAGES.
The marriage of Colonel Inigo Richmond Jones. Scots Guards,
with Miss Charteris, daughter of the late Colonel the Hon.
Richard Charteris, took place in St. Mark s Church, North
Audley-street, on Jnly 12. Captain the Hon. Charles Harbord
(Scots Guards) acted as best man. The bride, who was attended
to the altar by four bridesmaids, entered the church at half-
past two o’clock, with her brother, Mr. Charteris. A detach¬
ment of non-commissioned officers and privates of the Scots
Guards attended, and lined the aisle. The bride was given
away by her brother.
The marriage of the Rev. R. H. Hadden. Vicar of Aldgate,
and Eva Prudence, daughter of Mr. J. Oarbery Evans, of Hatley
Park. Cambridgeshire, was solemnised iu the Chapel Royal,
Savoy, on July 12. The bridegroom was attended by Dr. W.
Baugh Hadden as best man ; and the four bridesmaids were
the Misses Millicent and Dorothy Evans (sister of the bride),
Miss Hadden (sister of the bridegroom), and Miss Dorothy
Lcadam. Two little boys, nephews of the bride, acted as pages.
The historical chapel was quite filled with the wedding-party,
and in the chancel stalls were several clergymen.
The marriage of General J. Thornhill Bush by. late Judicial
Commissioner of Berar. II.A.D., and Mrs. Costley Daly, of
23, The Boltons,South Kensington, and of Glan-y-Mor, Torquay,
was solemnised on July 11 at St. Mary, Tho Boltons, South
Kensington. The presents were numerous and cbstly.
A marriage will shortly take place between Dr. Butler,
Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.and Miss Agneta Frances
Ramsay, third daughter of Sir James Henry Ramsay, of Banff,
in the county of Perth. Miss Ramsay, it will be remembered,
was. last June, placed in the First Division of the First Class
of the Classical Tripos, Part I. r no man and no other woman
having attained a place in the same division. Her position
was practically equivalent to that of Senior Classic of the year.
The ball in aid of the London Hungarian Association of Bene¬
volence. which took place on July 12, at Prince's Hall, Picca¬
dilly, was a most successful and enjoyable one. Over 500
ladies and gentlemen wore present, including representatives
of the Austro-Hungarian and Servian Consulates.
A terrible accident occurred near Hyde, on the Manchester,
Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway, early on the morning of
July 15. The axle of one of the passenger-carriages broke,
causing the vehicle to oscillate and topple over. It was run
into by the engine of a goods train, and four women were
killed. Several other passengers were seriously injured.
Y OL. 92, ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
JANUARY TO JUNE, 1188,
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DEATH.
On Wednesday, July 11, lf-SS, after a short Illness, nt Belmont Park. Lee
Kent, Marianne,“the beloved and affectionate wife of Brackstonc Baker
aged 58.
The charge for the insertion of Titrths , Marriages , and Deaths,
OPENING OF A NEW PARK AT BEDFORD.
The pleasant and prosperous town of Bedford, which l as
almost trebled its population within half a century, and has
now to boast of sanitary improvements, educational institu¬
tions, social conveniences, and suitable public bnildings not
excelled by any other town of its size, was the scene or much
festivity on July 11, at the opening of the new park and
grounds for popular recreation, with a new foot-bridge over
the Ouse, and a pretty “ carnival ” on that river. The Marquis
of Tavistock, son of the Duke of Bedford, and M.P. for the
county from 1875 to 1885, performed the threefold opening
ceremonies, supported by Mr. Samuel Whitbread, M.P., Lord
Charles Russell, Lord Baring, Alderman James Howard, Mr.
Joshua Hawkins, Mayor of Bedford, and other gentlemen of
local note and influence. There was a procession from tho
Shirehall to the park, a ceremonial at the opening of the
gates, and a lnncheon in the Corn Exchange. The park,
which has been formed by the Corporation of Bedford, consists
of sixty-one acres, beautifully laid out by Messrs. W. Barron
and Son, of Derby, landscape gardeners, at a cost of £7000 ;
the iron gates, lodge, and pavilion aro constructed in very
good taste. This town possesses also the Canldwell Recreation
Ground and an agreeable promenade on the Embankment.
The concluding match of the Royal Cinqne Ports Vaclit
Club Regatta was sailed on July 14, the race being from Dover
to Boulogne and back, for the Town Cup and £100, the second
receiving £40, and the third £20. Seven started—the cutters
May. Pctronilla, Neptune, Mohawk, and Leander, and the yawls
Vol-an-Ventand Gudrun. The Petronilla ran away from the
others and held the load throughout, turning the bi»y at
Boulogne at half-past two. The run homo occupied about five
hours, the result being—Petronilla first. Neptune second, and
Mohawk third.
A fete and demonstration of Sunday-school scholars, to
commemorate the Silver Wedding of the Prince and Princess
of Wales, was held on July 11 at the Crystal Palace. The
chief feature of the day was a concert in tlic afternoon,
rendered by 5000 voices, the huge orchestra being completely
filled by the performers, who represented upwards of 100
schools, whose members are drawn from ali parts of the
metropolis, while contingents had also been sent from Croydon,
Kingston, and Leytonstone. The other attractions of the day
comprised athletic sports, balloon ascent, a display of foun¬
tains, and the open-air ballet, while the band of the Coldstream
Guards was in attendance, performing in the grounds in the
afternoon and evening.
The Lord Mayor has received from the Rev. Dr. nermann
Adler, Delegate Chief Rabbi, £1148 8s. lid., being the amount
collected in the Jewish Synagogues in London for tho Hospital
Sunday Fund. The fund now cxeecds £39,000.—The fifteenth
annual outdoor collection on behalf of the Metropolitan Hos¬
pital Saturday Fund took place on Jnly 14, when over 2000
collecting-stations were occupied. At an early hour Indies
were at their posts at the various markets, 'i he cab-trade, ns
last year, had 500 special boxes, and displayed pennants upon
the whips, and announced the collection on the windows of
their cabs. The docks, railway companies, and othor industrial
centres appeared to be vying with each other to hring about a
successful collection. By favour of Mr. Edgar Shand, twenty-
five boxes had been placed on the river-boats. By the consent
of Lieutenant-Colonel Milman, a collection was made for tho
first time at the Tower of Loudon. The workshop collection
will continue weekly until Dec. 1.
BENSON’S BOND-ST. NOVELTIES. (' U!S, ' S,! " SII£B ) 25 , OLD BOND-ST., w.
r Safety Drateiet jj V
SIDE view// j]
^ Illustrated
K Catalogue of novelties
'AS post-free.
I THE “88” JEWELRY (Seg-d.)
1 For WEDDING, SILVER WEDDING, and other GIFTS.
Kindly mention Reference when
requesting Selection of Goods for
approval.
i larire Selection of the New Gold Knaniellcd Jewellery,
K-xqnlnite Reproduet Iona of Natural Flower*.
j Special fcQp g gSsS Appointment.
LADIES’ DRESSES.
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
SPEARMAN
-A-IKTZD
SPEARMAN,
iPLYiMIOTTTIH:.
EXQUISITE DRESS MATERIALS
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
The Inchest taste, Inst i|ualities. amt cheaiwst
Hrtees. la Pure Wool onlj.
Orders are Carriage Paul; and nny longth la cut.
BUY DIRECT FROM
SPEARMASasd SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH. DEVON.
MAPPIN & W EBB’S TRAVELLING MGS a DRESSING CASES
OXFORD-STREET, W.; POULTRY etSUS-% CITY, LONDON.
JULY 21, 1853
; Silver Bowl, richly chimed, gilt inside,
pbonized plinth, to hold 9 pints
size, ditto, 13 pints .
T HE curative powers of Pt. Jacobs Oil ore simply l
pain quickly and rarely. It acts like magic. 1
everything else has failed. A single trial will ©
of Rheumatism and Neuralgia, which had resisted
p »plc who have been crippled with pain for more th
iSl. Jacobs Oil has received Six Gold Medals at different
pain. It is used extensively In tho leading Hospitals a
on board Her Majesty’s Troop-ships and the Canard St/
It Is wholly
application. It oonqnor
It has
It has cured
practical test,
ft-cr to conquer
human
l.l'-Ml.-ll
for Presents, from 8a. io Ion. «d.j post-free, 3d. extra.
GREAT SUMMER SALE,
AT REDUCED PRICES,
>'0W PROCEEDING AT
m PETER ROBINSON’S
Family Mourning and Black
Goods Warehouse.
GREAT BARGAINS
WILL BE OIFERED
'& IN EACH DEPARTMENT,
ALL THE RICH GOODS
VERY MUCH REDUCED IN PRICE
Purposely for this Sale.
PETER ROBINSON,
MOURNING WAREHOUSE,
256 to 262, REGENT-STREET LONDON.
Tho New Lady’s Bag, Ucinovubio Centre, Morocco
Leather, tit ted complete. Silver Mount*, Ivory Bundle*,
Very Elegant. A email Fitted Bag, contains Soup-Bos,
, Jar, Scent-Bottle, Tooth and N ail Brodies, Pnper-KnI/c,
Glove Stretchers, Comb, llalr-Bnwh. Velvet-Brush,
Looking-Glass, Scissors, Button-IIook, Nail-File, Knife,
S. FISHER, 188, STRAND.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
GOLDSMITHS’ ALLIANCE
(LIMITED),
Late A. U. SAVORY a.vd SONS,
SILVER AND BEST SILVER-PLATED MANUFACTURERS,
II412, CORNHILL, LONDON, E.C.
(Opposite tho Bank of England.)
THE STOCK CONTAIN
SPOONS & FORKS.
TEA & COFFEE SERVICES.
WAITERS & TRAYS.
CLARET JUGS & GOBLETS.
CRUET & BREAKFAST FRAMES.
INKSTANDS, CANDLESTICKS, &c\
A new Pamphlet of Prices, Illustrated with
over 500 Engravings, will be forwarded, pcst-
frcc, on application.
LICENSED APPRAISERS.
VALUATIONS MADE FOR PROBATE.
DIVISIONS OF FAMILY PLATE ARRANGFT*.
Tills Food should be tried wherever other nourishment has not proved entirely satisfactory,
it L already Cooked-Bequim neither boiling nor straining-Is made in a minute.
zAllen & Hanhurys'
Infante Food
A nutriment peculiarly adapted to the digestive organs of Young Children, supplying all that Is required for tho
formation of firm flesh and bone. Surprisingly beneficial results have attended the use of this Food, which needs
only to bo tried to bo permanently adopted.
Medical Testimony and full directions accompany each Tin. Price 6d., 1s„ 2»., 5s., nud 10s., every nhere.
JTK SAINSBUEY’S
ah SS LAVENDEE
| Pi , | quality.
Ell W A TTJITJ
a A^\ jf without any foreign whatever. V v m,.JL. 1 A JLU»
176 Sc 1 77, STRAND, 3L. OIKT 3D O 3KT-
'j&SANJSEWflY Af the Railway Bookstalls and generally throughout the country.
^61177strAM® Brices, Is., Is. Od., 2s., 3s., 4s. (Id-, and Os.; post-free, 2d. extra. In neat Laser., suitable
PARKINS
COTTOS
TENCUINfABAC
SentCarriace Paid
RFALCROGODHE.LJNED'SILK
PXFORDSI LONDON j
Gatalocues ' of Sacs Post Free
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY*
•* / mnuTncTMFnRnfRrtci mom rwnci muu \. *
■ IGHTofTHE ORDERofLEOPOLDofBELGIUM
KNiaHTofTHELEBIONof HONOUR
LICHT-BROWN €ODLlVES,Olb
IiK'uotMUblj proved bj thirty ycsu’ medical experience to U?
1 PUIiLoT, THE MOST PALATABLE, THE MOST DIGESTIBLE. AND THE MOST EFFICACIOUS
IN CONSUMPTION, THROAT AFFECTIONS, AND DEBILITY OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN.
’ETTR8.
ASTHMA, CHRONIC BRONCHITIS,
Sn IT i C t ,?M Hlt ^ ^ “ d IHP ^EK2A.
SELECT MEDICAL OPINIONS.
Bir G.
Sir HENRY MASSE, Bart.. M.X>.,
Physician in Ordinary to the Queen in Ireland.
" I consider Dr. Dr Joxuh’b Light-Brown Cod-Lit
HI to be a very pure Oil. not likely to create disgust, a
therapeutic agent of great value.”
DUNCAN GIBB, Bart.. M.D..
- hysir.iau to the Westminster Hospital.
“ The value of Dr. Dr Jomqh’s Light-Brown Cod-Liver
Oil os a therapeutic agent in a number of disease*,
chiefly of an exhaustive character, has been admitted
by the world of medicine."
Dr. 8IBC&AIS COGHILL.
Physician to the Hospital for Consumption, Ventnnr.
“ In Tubercular and the various forms of Strumous
Disease, Da. Dr Jomoh’s Light-Brown Oil possessed
greater therapeutic efficacy than any other Cod-Liver Oil
with which I am acquainted."
(tel* Ptffftdlll;).
K. HUG GINS, Chemist. 199, Strand. LONDON.
rare excellence of beii
stomachs which reject
FOB INFANTS AND INVALIDS.
Sold ONLY in Capsuled Imperial Half-Pints, 2s. 6d.; Pints,
Bole Consignees ANSAR. HARFORD, A. C
CA VTIOS.—Resist mercenary attempts to r
Id.; Quarts. 9s.; by all Chsmists and Druggists.
210, High Holborn, London, W.C.
mend or substitute- inferior kinds.
m&rnner
I. the moat perfect Emollient Milk for
PRESERVING AND BEAUTIFYING
THE SKIN EVER PRODUCED.
It soon renders it 8 okt, Smooth, and White; entirely
removes and prevent* all
ROUGHNESS, REDNESS, SUNBURN, TAN. lc.,
and preserves the Skin from the effect* of the
SUN. WIND, or HARD WATER
more effectually than any other preparation.
No Lady who value* her complexion should ever be
without it. as It Is Invaluable at all Season* for keeiiina
the SKIN SOFT and BLOOMING.
BEWARE OF INJURIOUS IMITATIONS.
"BEETHAM " la the only genuine.
Bottles, Is. and 2s. 6d. t of all Chemists.
Free for 3d. extra by the Sole Makers.
M. BEETHAM and SON,
CHEMISTS, CHELTENHAM.
H1W ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE to July, 1888, now wady,
“THE GUN OF THE PERIODS*
In designing our Cycle* for this season, w r e have devntod our attention to per¬
fecting those styles which have been so successful in the past. We have also
added several new designs which we have thoroughly tested ourselves before
placing them on the Market, and we are able, therefore, to submit them to the
approval of our patrons without hesitation.
We removed the one great inconvenience which Interfered with the
pleasures of cycling-vl*.. the vibration communicated by every Inequality
of the road through handle, saddle, and pedals to the rider. This great
Inconvenience h»s long been patiently submitted to, because It was
supposed to be Inevitable.
The success of the “WHIPPET” Spring Frame has caused nearly the whole
of the Cycle Trade to imitate our specialty- VON-VIBRATING
CYCLES Intending purchasers should remember that “ THE
WHXFP2T ” stand • nut clearly as THU ONLY MACHINE upon which
THE IllDER IS COMPLETELY INSULATED FROM ALL VIBRATION.
8QLB MANUFACTURERS AND PATENTEES,
•HIS Gun. wherever shown, has alw
29, Clerkenwell - road, London, E.O.
THE OLDEST AND
BEST.
ADAMS’S
J EYES’
DISINFECTANTS,
FLUID, POWDER, & SOAP.
The TKE* BMIHDI,
Thi TRI riMS
Furniture
Polish
“THE QUEEN"
Feels no hesitation in recommending It* use.-
Dec. 32. 1883.
Sold by Grocers, Ironmongers, Cabinetmaker
Oilmen , &c.
Mam;factory: VALLJY-ROAD, SHEFFIELD.
Lirisim
new ; Altering L.icks to Rebound, 13*.
G. E. LEWIS,
*2 * 8S, Lower l.orednj.strret. BIRMINGHAM.
The BEST REMEDY for INDIGESTION.
RTONS
OT EVERY DESCRIPTION.
FOR LADIES.
very roomy, in Morocco,
fitted complete. 42s., fi3s.:
lined Silk, and with Silver
Fittings, 84s.; with Silver
and Ivory Fittings, 105s.,
The best value ever offered.
FOR GENTLEMEN,
in Morocco, or in Hide
Leather, Gladstone pattern,
fitted complete, 42s., «3s.,
84s., 105s.
A large afire turn of filled
Page, for Ladies and (lentle-
incn, from i to HO guineas.
GLADSTONE BAGS. HAND
BAGS. WAIST BAGS. At.
CAMOMILE PILLS
i mple butcertaii
PURE CONCENTRATED
INDIGESTION.
See Testimonial, selected from hundreds
“ Croydon, 1885.
“Having been a sufferer from lndiyestion
for many years , I am happy to say that /
have at last not only been relieved but
perfectly cured by usiny Norton's Pills,
and confidently recommend them to all
suffering from the same.
"J. Wilkinson.”
For other Testimonials , see Monthly Maganines.
Sold Kvkrywubhe, price la. lkL, 2s. »d n and Us.
Ask your Grocer for a Sample, gratis.
LIQUID WATERPROOF,
BLACKINC
iftiM requires!. Applied *i
Certain lm»NBS’lo»rJ
ELECTROPATH 1C BIlT
Ladies’ Ailments
CAUTION.
Bexoer’s Food differs en¬
tirely from any other Food
obtainable. When mixed
with warm milk it forms a
delicate nutritious cream, in
which the curd is reduced to
the same fluent lent digestible
condition In which It exist* in
human milk, so ttyt hard in¬
digestible masse* cannot form
In the stomach.
COLD MEDAL AWARDED
v international d
clHEA LTH EXHIBIT ION|8
EXTRACTS.
“Mr. Bexger's admirable
preparattona"—Lanref.
“Wo hare given It In very
many cases with the most
marked beneflt, patients fre¬
quently retaining It after
every other food had been
re)ccted.“— London Medical
Record.
mBm
Tins, 1/8, 2/0 &
for Children and Invalids,
speedily cures aO Disorders of the
Liver and Kidneys Thousand*af
mi |*li let A 4<l vice free OS
Mr. < . It. IIArne**, Comm/j-
• Medical IlnUcrj I o. ltd.
non CT LONDON,*.
UnU wTl RathhsSpkia.)
possible, or write »i once
medical adviser
your Food: the result
ondorful. The little
grew strong and fat,
low in a thriving con-
-In fact the ■ Flower of
>ck -' "—Private Letter.
Catalogue* free on application.
BAYLISS, JONES, & BAYLISS,
WOLVERHAMPTON.
London Office A Show-Booms: 139 A 141, CANNON-ST.. E.C
may be had of Chemu
everywhere, or will
irardcd free by J»ar
t direct from the Mai
Appllrnllo
inzhUetru ,a>
MOTTERSHEAD A CO. («. Ps,i
facturera
Exchange-street, MANCHESTER.
Call lo.duy.
Coventry Machinists’ Co
BY «Pm„, s-POINTMENT TO H.R.H. THR PRINCE ,
“CLUB” /m.
CYCLES. S
The Bai.l-Po.ntbo Pens
»P«rt: they hold more Ink
Six eorts-fine, medinm, brond-
The “ Fbueration “ )l
prevent the pen from bio
Unn grip. Price 2 . 1 ., 4 , 1 .. nr
nevor
/«. «d.—0/ ali Slatloi
'• Marlboro* Club,-’ No. ,,
Works: COVENTRY. LONDON:
Rend for Catalog!
15 A 18, Holborn Viaduct
“ “"d Particulars of our Si
ORptfiSTON & GLASS
EDINBURGH
Clemen: Damn, n
'resold.—SA't'URDAV, JULY SI, 188S.
M
•.^W'S'VS
JTBHEU
JENEHAL
tKUAD.
yol. xcm,
SATURDAY, JULY 28, 1888,
SIXPENCE.
TWO
WHOLE SHEETS
MANtEUVRES.—CLEARING FOR ACTION ON BOARD THE FLAG-SHIP : SENDING DOWN TOPMASTS,
moil A SKETCH BY ONE OP OUR SPECIAL ARTISTS.
00
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 28, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
What is it that makes Boards ’'so wooden, so destitute of human
feeling.’ or do they begin with being wooden and derive their
name from their material ? The late action of a provincial
Burial Board in taking away the glass-case of flowers which a
poor man had placed upon his daughter's tomb, is unintelligible
on any other ground; no man would have done it. nor any
body of men that was not a Board. In purchasing the grave,
it appears that the father did not purchase the legal right of
putting flowers on it; yet surely it is the flowers that sanctify
the grave.’ The glass-case may not have been very appropriate;
but in these matters the very want of appropriateness is often
touching. There is nothing more common in the cemeteries
of the poor than to see sea-shells placed npon the graves of
those who have never been to sea : they are the only per¬
manent record of piety within the means of the mourners, and
are not, after all, more out of keeping with him who rests
below than an angel insufficiently clothed, or one of those
marble Insists to be bought in the Euston-road, supposed to he
symbolic of human virtue. When I was a bnv. I used to think
it a reereatiou to wander among the tombs in Konsal-green ;
but they arc much thicker on ground than they used to be.
and it is difficult to find one's old favourites : moreover, some
who were my companions are lying there, which makes a
difference. There used to be a picture of a beautiful
child ou one of the graves, with the affecting inscription:
*’ * Is it well with the child.’’ * It is well.”* (I wonder
what the provincial Burial Board would have said
to that * Got au “ injunction,” perhaps, to remove it.) Some
of the epitaphs were, on the other band, unintentionally
humorous. I remember one on fcho west side of the cemetery,
near the entrance, over a Frenchman : ‘‘Suffocated in a London
fog.” One poor fellow had no epitaph, nor apparently any
surviving friend : his name stood out amid the multitude of
sorrowing ad jectives—“ beloved,*’ " respected,’'" deplored ,"kc.—
with pathetic blankness : Captain somebody, unattached."
Perhaps the wittiest epitaph ever written (but it is not to be
found in Ken sal-green) was that composed on the heir of the
Due de Penthievre, wlio died of love for Mademoiselle Mire,
the musician : it was composed of the five musical notes,
“MI, BE, L’A, MI, LA,” which were made & double debt to
pay : “ Mire has placed him there.*’
’T is now the very witching time of yeir when house agents
yawn—open their months, that is. very wide indeed, for poor
Paterfamilias in search of a country residence. Those in tbc
neighbourhood of London, whence a man can run up and down
to his business, are let at fancy prices, though there is rather
a curious limit to them. A cottage with a lawn upon the
Thames will fetch its 25 guineas a week ; but a palace in tbc
sarao locality, I am told by those who hire palaces, is only
15 guineas more. Dear or cheap, I don’t think Paterfamilias
onjoys his tenancy much, except for “ the hack cml of the
week '*—from Friday to Monday. lie is too old for bolting
his breakfast and catching morning trains, and it is disagree¬
able to have his rnbber cut short in the afternoon because of
tho necessity of reaching some terminus in order to get home
■ for dinner. For once it is the ladies who have the best of it.
No one laughs at the head of the house for his urban pro¬
clivities. as they would do if it was the time of year for sport.
It is thought shameful in an Englishman not to like poshing
through tho wet woods or turnips in pursuit of game ; and it
is popularly believed that in old times this was much more
the case : that a man who preferred a town life to a country
one was a contemptible •* Cit ” or *• Cockney.”
This, however, is an error : a letter lies before me, written
exactly a hundred years ago. in dispraise of a country life, by one
who was neither a man of letters, nor a man of fashion. He is
telling his town correspondent what he has been doing in bis
rural retreat. “ I ordered the old timber to be thinned : the
workmen, for every tree they cut down, destroyed three by
letting them fall on each other : I received a momentary satis¬
faction from hearing the carpenter had cut his thumb in fell¬
ing a tree, but this pleasure was soon allayed on finding that
he had measured false, and cheated me of 2 <» per cent.
1 made a line hay stack, but quarrelled with my wife as to the
manner of drying the hay : the stack took fire, whereby I bail
the double mortification of losing my hay ami finding 1113 ’ wife
had more s*nse than myself.I paid C 20 for a dung-hill
because I was told it was a good thing, ami now I would giv 3
anybody twenty shillings to tell me what to do with it.
In one thing only I have succeeded : I have quarrelled with ali
ray neighbours, so that with a dozen gentlemen's seats in my
view I stalk along like a lion in the desert. I kept no plough,
for which I thank my Maker, because then I should have wrote
this from a jail. Such being the pleasures of the country, I
mean to spend the spring iu London.”
This is also the time of year for abusing the river-launch,
a vessel much " run down ” on account of his supposed habit
of running others down. It is too big for its waters; it is
ugly ; its voice is shrill; it causes waves to rise that arc dis¬
agreeable to rowing-boats. All this is very true : but, never¬
theless, for comfort and convenience, give mr (or even lend
me) a steam-launch in preference to any other boat that
cleaves the stream. There arc no perspiring rowers to watch,
which is itself a relief to tender-hearted j»ersons; you can
move about in it without upsetting the ship, or shipping a
sea. or unshipping a rudder, or doing anything else nantically
objectionable. You have not got to look out (metaphorically
speaking) for squalls : other people have to look out for //■///—
and squall: you can take your luncheon like, a civilised 1 icing,
at an angle that admits of digestion, and a much lietter lunch
than can be packed in a row-boat ; you are not concerned
about up-stream or down-stream—(“ But. oh, the difference to
me." if I have to row !) -and when it rains you can get under
cover. Moreover, a steam-launch need not be a river demon.
I know of one which bears the name of the Comet, but which
is termed by the aquatic world (because of the gentle ways of
its lady-owner) the Compassion. It never “spurts” unless
the course is clear ; it “ slows ” whenever there is a boat within
fifty yards of it; it never screams when it wants anything,
such as a lock-gate opened, but blows a horn. Sometimes it
tows a boat or two up-stream, when the joy and gratitude of
the oarsmen are delightful to witness, and show what they
really think of “ rowing.”
Alexandre Dumas has just been made Commander of the
Legion of Honour for his “distinction in literature” : but he
doesn’t like Emile Zola being made a Knight of it for a similar
reason. In France, it appears, there is some literary jealousy
among novelists. In England we have nothing of the sort.
Sir William Black does not turn up his nose at Sir Walter
Besant. nor Sir Ilichard Blackmore at Sir George Meredith.
They enjoy the titles conferred upon them by a grateful
country without being envious of one another. It is under¬
stood that they have had much higher honours offered to them,
but have declined them on the ground that they already “ sit
among their peers.” It is only lately that men of letters have
been "decorated” in Franco, unless being published in an
c lit inn de l a.re. with illustrations, can be so considered; but,
even when admission to the Academy was their only reward,
they showed their teeth at one another, and—when they were
not admitted—at the Academy. Everyone remembers Piron's
epitaph, written by himself ;—
t’i-jrit IMron, <jui no fut rlcn,
pn.s-im un! AcaiU-mlrlcn.
Much later Yigce wrote to the Journal dr* T)chat* 14 Sir.—
Ill. in pain, and feeling my end approach, I have thought it
right to make my epitaph in order to spare my friends the
trouble, and, above all, the embarrassment, of making it for
me. Have the goodness, I beg, to give it a. place in your
paper. It is not very poetical, but, if my extreme age has not
destroyed my judgment. I think it has, at least, common-sense:—
Here lies a poor poet : Ills versos won* flat;
And vet lie the Institute missed for nil that."
The “hostile meeting,” as such affairs used to be called,
lietwecn General Boulanger and M. Floquct has brought up all
the old arguments for and against duelling. It is taken for
granted by its supporters that when men could call one another
out, they were more careful in their general behaviour, and
more polite in society. This was really not at all the case;
the good shots were very civil to one another, but exceedingly
insolent to the world at large. The late Horatio Boss, who
lived in the fighting days, and in the thick of the fighters, has
left testimony upon this point that cannot be questioned. He
was known to be the finest pistol-shot of his day : and, although
he acted no less than sixteen times as second, was never
challenged. The duellists knew better ; but they bullied every¬
body they dared to bully. “ I notice,” writes Ross, “ that
people are now much more guarded in their language than
they were in the days when swaggering and offering to fight a
duel whitewashed them. . . . .Some forty or fifty years ago
(that is, seventy or eighty now). I have known the grossest
insults offered to gentlemen, and without any ground for them ;
and I have not the slightest doubt that a marked improvement
in the amenities has been caused by the abolition of duelling.”
The professional duellists used (metaphorically) to trail their
coats behind them in every drawing-room—like Irishmen at
Donnybrook Fair—-but not for men like Ross to tread upon
them. They had always the advantage of the weapon, and,
what was still more unfair, risked very worthless lives against
some that were valuable.
From Russia—of all places to hear of ready money !—conies
one of those rumours of buried treasure, which, if it does not
turn the “ sluggard's blood to flame,” has power at least to
qnicken his pulse. To become, rich unexpectedly, and on
a sudden, is always an excitement, but still more so when
the wealth comes from some source a very long way off
and unconnected with ourselves. A crock full of old gold
coins, found in one's back garden, is welcome to everybody,
whether they are numismatists or not; and even flu* stories
of such discoveries have a charm for us all. In this particular
case tho treasure—which, by-thc-by, is not found yet—is only
three-quarters of a century old. but full of dramatic interest.
It is a chest containing £34,000 in bullion, which, when its
convoy in the Retreat from Moscow was pursued by the
Russians, was bunt'd, as certain documents declare, by the
roadside near Grodno. A Frenchman, the grandson of the
sole survivor—the whole detachment having been cut to pieces
but himself—has found the narrative among the manuscript
“ tiles of his grandfather,” and laid it before the Russian
Government, who have promised him a third of what he
finds. I wish he may get it, and that, if he does, it may not
be paid to him in rouble notes.
This is the sort of money that is described in the histories
as “blood and treasure": wliat a lot of it there must be
underground, if one did but know where to look for it!
Perhaps the richest and oldest lost, treasure in the world, and
also the one invested with the greatest interest, is the Urini
and Thummim. the sparkling of whose jewels is supposed to
have manifested the presence of the Highest—though Josephus
tells us that this property became extinct (through the
degeneracy of the age) two centuries before his time. Those
jewels, as the late Mr. King, the great authority on precious
stones, tells us, are absolutely indestructible, and must
exist somewhere. No lapse of time can produce any
visible effect upon them — indeed, the tablets bearing
the title of Thotincs III., the contemporary of Moses, are
still in existence, though they are of a far softer material;
nor can they shine unrecognised among the State jewels of
their captors, for their inscriptions must needs remain un¬
changed. We know that the breastplate described by Josephus
was carried to Rome after the destruction of the Holy City by
Titus, and, after that, wc losa sight of it. ’there arc three
stories of the subsequent fate of these jewelsI. That they
were sent off by Genseric to Carthago upon the sack of Rome :
II. That the reason why the Franks, in the sixth ccntnr \
pressed the siege of Xarbonne was because this precious “ loot ’
was reported to have been sent thither by Alaric; III. 'ihat
they were returned by Justinian to the Holy City, where they
fell into the hands of Cnosroes, the Persian, in 015. When lie
sacked the city be no doubt “sacked" them, and Mr. King's
conclusion is that they now lie buried in some unknown Per¬
sian treasure-chamber, to have a chance of emerging from
oblivion at the hands of some modern explorer. I have no
turn for exploration myself, hut I should like some enterpris¬
ing friend to find these jewels, and give them to me, as a token
of esteem and regard, upon my birthday (or, indeed, any dav),
very much. _
the corin'.
The. Queen, accompanied by Princess Beatrice. Princess
Margaret and Prince Arthur of Connaught, and the infant
Prince and Princess of Batten berg, arrived at Osborne on
Julj' IS. Her M ijesty crossed over from Gosport on board her
Majesty's yacht Alberta. Captain Fullerton. A.D.C. Prince
Henry of Battonberg met the Qimui and Royal family at
Osborne. Her Majesty and the Royal family and the members
of the Royal household attended Divine service on Sunday
morning. .Inly 22. The Rev. Arthur Peile. the Vicar of Holy
Trinity. Yentnor, and Chaplain-in-Ordinary to her Majesty,
officiated. The Empress Eugenic, attended by Madame D'Areos.
Madame Lo Breton, and M. Peitri. arrived at Osborne Cottage
on July 23. and was met at Trinity Pier, East Cowes, by Prince
and Princess Henry of Battenberg. attended by the Hon. Ethel
Cadogan and Colonel Clerk. The Queen ami Princess Beatrice,
attended by the Dowager Duchess of A t hole, drove in the
afternoon, and visited the Empress at Osborne Cottage. .Sir
Edward and Lady Ermyntrude Maletbad thelianour of dining
with the Queen and the Royal family. The Queen has driven
out daily.
The Prince of Wales attended at St. John’s Gate. Clerken-
well, on July 18, and was installed as Grand Prior of the
Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England,
reeentlj* incorporated under Royal Charter by the Queen. lie
was accompanied by Prince Albert Victor, who was received
and admitted ns a Knight Justice, and nominated snb-Prior of
the Order. Prince Pedro of Saxe-Coburg nnd Gotha visited
the Prince and Princess on July PA and remained to luncheon.
The Prince presided at a meeting of the Royal Commission for
the Exhibition of 1851 at Marlborough House. Prince Albert
Victor, attended by Major Miles, left Marlborough House for
York. The Prince and Princess, accompanied by their three
daughters, visited the Comte and Comtesse de Paris at Sheen
House, East Sheen, on the 2 «>th. and remained to luncheon.
Mr. Van Dor Wcyde had the honour of taking a photographic
portrait of the Princess of Wales at Marlborough House. On
the 21st, the Prince and Princess, accompanied by Prin¬
cesses Louise. Victoria, and Maud, visited the Volunteer camp
at Wimbledon, and. after lunching with Lord and Lady
Wantage, the Princess distributed the prizes to the successful
competitors of the National Rifle Association. On Sunday,
the 22nd. the Prince and Princess and the three Princesses
were present at Divine service. Prince Christian, with Prince
Christian Victor, visited the Prince and Princess on July 24. and
remained to luncheon. The Prince visited the studio of 31r. II.
Herkomer. A.R.A., in Ebury-street, and the Summer Exhibition
of Pictures at. the Grosvcnor Gallery.—Prince Albert Victor on
July 20 visited the thirty-second show of the Driffield and
East Riding Agricultural Society at Driffield.and witnessed a
parade of all the prize horses: and next day the Prince
opened the new Jubilee Recreation-Grounds at Bury. The
grounds are four in number, and have been completed and laid
out at a cost exceeding £35,000. Prince Albert Victor arrived
at Marlborough House on July 24 for the purpose of unveiling
a statue of the Queen at Bristol next day.
Prince Christian presided on July 24 at the annual general
meeting of the Corporation of the Royal College of Music held
iu the hall. Kensington-gore. The report showed the satis¬
factory progress of the college, and a satisfactory increase in
its work and its income. Mr. Samson Fox, of Leeds, had offered
£. 40,000 for a new collegiate building, and for this a free site
in Priucc’s-gate had been granted by the Commissioners of 1851.
Princess Louise and tho .Marquis of Lome have honoured
Mr. F. J. Williamson by a visit to his studio at Esher to inspect
the statue of the Queen that he is executing, and which is to
lie placed in the Examination Hall of the Royal College of
Physicians and Surgeons.
Princess Mary Adelaide presented the prizes to the boys of
the Royal Hospital School. Greenwich, on July 21. Her Royal
Highness wa* accompanied bv Princess Victoria and Prince
Francis of Took. On the 23rd the Princess presented the
prizes to the successful competitors at the Royal Naval Female
School. St. Margaret's House, Twickenham.
Pom Pedro Augustus of Brazil left Claridge's Hotel on
July 23 fur Paris. During his short stay the Prince was
visited by the Prince of Wales and other memliers of the
Royal family.
The new Calliope Dock at Auckland, New Zealand, of which
we gave an 111 nstration earlv in this year, was designed by
Mr. W. Erring ton, M.Inst.C.E., of Auckland, and was con¬
structed from the plans which that engineer had prepared.
The romantic scenery of the coast of Norway, which has
been described and illustrated with special effect, on more than
one occasion, in this Journal, is made accessible in this season
to English visitors, direct from London, by the managers of
the steam-yacht Victoria, a fine vessel of 1800 tons register,
with engines of 15o0-horsc power, having a speed of fourteen
and a half knots an hour, sailing from Tilbury Dock, opposite
to Gravesend. The Victoria, which is comfortably ami
elegantly fitted up for gentlemen and ladies as passengers,
carries neither mails nor cargo, but performs, in each trip, a
sixteen days' cruise, entering the Hardanger Fjord, the port ot
Bergen, the Sogne Fjord, the Geiranger Fjord, and the port oi
Molde. where she lies three days, allowing time for exploring
the Romsdal Valiev. Under command of Captain B. D* bun*
ham. she started from Gravesend on Saturday, July J, anu
would be back on Aug. fi. after which, on Aug. lb
would start again for a similar pleasure cruise, to tne
Norwegian Fjords; and, having returned to the lname.,
would receive passengers for a longer cruise to ino
Baltic. Sixtv-ninc passengers went hv this vessel 0
July 21. some of whom would go on to the North •
among these is our Special Artist. Mr. Douglas Almond, who
will furnish us with Sketches likely to lie interesting to our
readers. The offices of the manager are at Carlton-chambers
Itegent-st root. 11 is proposed that the Victoria shall undertake
a voyage round the world, sailing at the beginning of >ovem te .
JULY 28. 1888
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
91
THE NAVAL MANOEUVRES.
T! e Admiralt,- plan of operations for the competing trials and
■Aevciiscs of naval strategy and tactics between two opposed
fleets one representing an enemy occupying Irish ports, the
“ L; defending Great Britain, is an interesting scheme. The
» Fleet commanded bv Rear-Admiral Baird, and consisting of
thirteen armoured or ironclad ships, eleven ernisers. two
tornedo gun-boats, and twelve torpedo-boats, represents the
British defending fleet: it was formal in twp divisions, of
which the first, under Admiral Baird, took up its station in
Milford Haven: while the second division, under Rear-Admiral
Tlnwlev nroceeded to Lainlasli, Isle of Arran, opposite to the
entrance of the Firth of Clyde. The B Fleet, commanded by
Admiral Sir George Trvon. consists of nine ironclad ships,
oieht ernisers, two torpedo gun-boats and twelve torpedo-
boats • its first division went to Berehaven. Bantrv Bay, on
the west const of Kerry ; and the second division, under Rear-
Admiral Fitzroy. to Longh Swilly. on the north coast of
bmemvl It would be the aim of the B Fleet to do all the
mischief it could to British commerce, to attack any ports
of'Great Britain that it could get at, and to secure
onnortiinities for landing troops anywhere on the shores of
Fnstlind Wales, or Scotland. The first division of the A Fleet,
composed of H.M.S. Northumberland, Hotspur. Benbow,
Northampton. Collingwood, Monarch. Conqueror, Rover, and
\rcthnsa. with the cruisers and torpedo-boats, anchored in
Milford Haven on Wednesday, July 18: and the second
division of which H.M.S. Agincourt was the flag-ship, arrived
nest tlav at the Isle of Arran. The Agincourt, near Falmouth,
came into collision with a steamer from Newport, and lost
some of her boats and an anchor from one side. The first
division of Sir George Tryons fleet, the 11 Fleet, consisting of
H.M.S. Hercules (Hag-ship). Iris. Warspite, Rupert, Cyclops,
Alacrity, and Hero, with torpedo-boats, had proceeded, mean-
while from Portland to the west coast of Ireland. Our Special
Artist contributes a Sketch of the flag-ship of this division
passing the Longships lighthouse, at the month of the British
Channel: and one of the scene on board in clearing for action.
The two divisions of the A Fleet on Tuesday, July 24, were
going round, south and north, to blockade the B Fleet on the
Irish coast.
FOREIGN NEWS.
President Carnot has returned to Paris from his visit to the
Southern Provinces, where he was received with enthusiasm.—
At the election in the Ardeche and the Dordogne General
Boulanger was left in a hopeless minority.—The Queen of
Servia arrived in Paris on July 18.
King Humbert has had a sudden attack of giddiness and felt
otherwise unwell, and it was in consequence of this that his
Majesty hastened his departure from Rome.—After an ani¬
mated debate occnpying several sittings, the Italian Chamber
of Deputies, by 2(1!) votes to 117. passed the Communal and Pro-
vinciil Reform Bill, which gives to two million citizens the
right to vote in administrative elections, besides introducing
other important liberal reforms in local government. The
Chamber has been prorogued until November.
A charming fete was held on the Lake of Gmiinden on
July 22. A regatta, a battle of flowers, and a competition of
decorated boats, in which Vienna society took an active part,
attracted many spectators. There were several Archdukes in
the boats. The Queen of Hanover, Princess Mary, the Dnkes
of Wiirtcmlierg and Montpensier were in the stands.
The meeting of the Emperors of Germany and Russia is
recorled ill another column.
The King of the Hellenes left Corinth at daybreak on
July 22. in the Royal yacht, on his way to St. Petersburg.
King George proposes to visit Berlin and Copenhagen also.
A fore: of 400 Dervishes attacked a village five miles north
of Wady Haifa on July 2(1. Colonel Wodehouse took out a
detachment of troops and police, and, after some severe
fighting, drove the enemy to the hills. Three boats, crowded
with fugitives who escaped down the Nile, sank, and 150
persons were drowned.
The United States Senate has confirmed the President's
nomination of Mr. Fuller as Chief Justice. The Copyright
Bill has passed the Senate, and is now before the Lower House.
The House of Representatives has passed Mr. Mills’s Tariff
Bill, which makes large reductions in the duties on woollen
goods, chemicals, Arc., and admits tin-plate, wool, and other
articles to be used in manufactures, free.—The new American
naval cruiser Charleston was launched at San Francisco on
July lb. She was planned by Messrs. Armstrong, and is a
duplicate of their Japanese cruiser Nanawa, of 2750 tons dis¬
placement, and carries eight heavy guns. This is the first
naval ship built on the Pacific coast.—A disastrous storm has
s.vcpt over a portion of the American continent. After a
heavy rainstorm at Wheeling. West Virginia, a freshet ap¬
parel. and overwhelmed a bridge over the Wheeling River on
which several persons were standing. Tell were drowned, the
others toeing rescued. Four dwellings were also destroyed,
eleven of the inmates being drowned.—The coal-mining town
of Hoslyu. Washington Territory, has lieeti destroyed by fire,
and fifteen hundred persons have been rendered homeless.
A large portion of Port-au-Prince, Hayti, has been
destroyed by incendiary fires. While the Chamber of Deputies
was in session an tipper floor of the building was set on fire.
The Natal Legislative Council was opened by Sir Arthur
Havelock on July 18. His Excellency declared that the
«™-l prosperity of the colony had been maintained, and
that the result of the Sugar Conference would largely con-
Vlii*? 10 t ~ [ '° development of the country's resources.
Alluding to affairs in Zululand.Sir Arthur expressed his great
concern and anxiety at what he termed the lamentable out¬
break.—It is stated that a party of Boers has invaded the
territory of a native chief.
A Renter's telegram from Bombay says that Mr. Crat
his been released on bail to the amount of 70,000 rupees
expenmonary force, 10,000 strong, is to be sent in the nu
" , lila ck Mountain, where an exploring party was rec
attacked, and two British officers were killed.
A volcanic eruption has occurred in Japan, and 400 persons
reported to have been killed and 1000 injured.
Lord Carrington, the Governor of New South Wales, has, in
.V.' 1 ™ 6 Queen, given the Royal aBsent to the new
Act - Tile Legislative Assembly agreed to the Council's
ail tebdtng to Chinese residence, registration, licenses,
“‘‘""s; . Tno measure as now settled provides that the
indemnified for its past actions. The natural*
Chinese i C !" n T ' vil1 in Liture not be allowed, and all
will at ,cavin ff the colony, except those naturalised therein,
' ' retu ming, he subject to the provisions of the Act.
VintnrG ^° n 'j ^', nlcan Gillies, Premier and Treasurer of
.Wmu'.. ™ t , Bu(, Stet statement in the Legislative
remarteiM?. n Be congratulated the colony on the
isvenne I*®* 0 of its flinnceSt and stated that the
the Estimates > the surplus amounting
THE SILENT MEMBER.
“And this our life, exempt from public haunts.’’ might almost
be the general exclamation of noble Lords, so smoothly does
the stream of business How in the hushed and decorous Upper
Chamber save when the sonorous voice of the Duke of Argyll
is raised to vindicate the Government's maintenance of law
and order in Ireland. There was a little ripple of excitement
vvlicn. on the Twentieth of July, Earl Beauchamp moved that
the clerk should take down the names of their Lordships who
unanimously assented on the Twelfth to his Grace's resolution
of confidence in her Majesty’s Ministers on the above point.
In a light and airy spirit of banter, Earl Granville and Lord
Rosebery made it clear that they did not take the Duke's
lugubrious sermons’ seriously. But the Marquis of Salisbury,
with much adroitness, attributed the silence of the noble
Earls on the occasion of the Duke of Argyll’s set oration to
agreement with the administration of affairs in Ireland.
Lord Cross, on the Twenty-third of July, rose from In’s
place in the House of Lords to correct a strange mis-statement
by Sir William Ilarcourt. The Secretary for India neatly
explained that it was not he who gave notice in the Lower
House of a motion for the rcloase of Mr. Parnell and his
fellow-prisoners from Kilinninham, but the late Mr. J.
Kynaston Cross, then Liberal member for Bolton. Sir William
Harcourt was indisputably caught napping by Lord Cross,
whose correction afforded obvious satisfaction to Ministerialists.
Lord Randolph Churchill, who rejoices in Parliamentary
pyrotcchny. may be said to have departed for his castle-huild-
ing holiday in Spain amid a shower of fireworks. In the old
days, yet not so very long ago, when the noble Lord was the
dashing leader of the privateering “ Fourth Party," no member
spoke more boldly or more frequently than he did. He was
essentially a law unto himself. Other times, other manners.
Itis Lordship has borne the burdens of high office since
then. He has learnt the wisdom of reticence. In fine,
limp and glum in his corner seat behind Ministers, he
had almost come to be regarded as a “Silent Member"
when he suddenly dispelled the notion by rising on
the Twentieth of July to rcassume for the nonce the leader¬
ship of the Commons, and in severe and portentous language
took Mr. Conyheare to task for a malevolent attack on the
Speaker for applying the closure the previous night to the
brief discussion on the Bann Drainage Bill. This reprehens¬
ible reflection on our estimable Speaker's decision appeared in
a letter to the Star newspaper. Characterising the epistle as
“a gross libel on the Speaker,” Lord Randolph Churchill
moved that Mr. Conybearc “lie suspended from the service
of the House for the remainder of the Session.” After
a protracted discussion, in which Mr. W. H. Smith,
Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Labouchere, Lord Hartington, and
Mr. Chamberlain took part, it was resolved, on the
motion of the First Lord of the Treasury, that Mr. Cony-
beare be relieved from attendance in the House for the
rest of the Session, “or for one calendar month, whichever
shall first terminate.” Lord Randolph Churchill, having
secured the pyrotechnic object desired, and vindicated the
authority of the Speaker, lost no time in setting ont on his
travels in Spain—thus, in a spirit of justice, freely inflicting
upon himself the same punishment Mr. Conyheare is suffering
from. Such magnanimity is rare.
The judicial calm necessary for the unprejudiced consider¬
ation of the heinous charges brought against Mr. Parnell
during the hearing of Mr. F. H. O'Donnell's libel action
against Mr. Walter has. generally speaking, been conspicuous
by its absence from the debates on the Ministerial measure for
a Commission of Inquiry. Mr. W. H. Smith, for one. preserved
his equanimity in moving the second reading of the Bill, on the
Twenty-third of July. Concisely pnt. the Leader of the House
offered a Royal Commission empowered to searchingly in¬
vestigate all the allegations in that which the Lori Chief
Justice declared to he a “ tremendous indictment” againsthon.
members and those who were associated with them : the Judges
composing the Commission to he “ Sir James Hannen. as
President of the Court, and Mr. Justice Day and Mr. Justice
Smith as the two other members of that Court,” Very pale,
and with an excitement not at all habitual with him, not
surprising under the grave circumstances of the case, Mr.
Parnell, in a long speech, repudiated the charges brought
against him ill the forensic address of tho Attorney-General,
again stigmatised the incriminating letters alleged to have
been written by him as forgeries, claimed to be represented by
counsel before the Commission, hat energetically objected to
the extension of the inquiry to the doings of the Land
League and of the “ other persons ” alluded to, and declared
it be unfair to ask him and his colleagues to accept such a
measure in response to the claim for no more than ordinary
justice in the shape of an investigation into the infamous
charges against themselves. Iu the engrossing discussion
that ensued. Mr. Gladstone, Sir Charles Russell, Mr. T. P.
O'Connor, Mr. Whitbread, and Sir William Harcourt sided
with Mr. Parnell on this point, that the inquiry should
lie thus limited : and Mr. Chamberlain (who. I regret
to say, still looks very wan and ill in face), while
approving the Bill, also coincided rather with this view in
his clear and discriminatory speech as one who. when he
first entered the House, "formed a judgment of the hon.
member for Cork, of his character, of his motives, of his
honesty, of his sincerity, of his patriotism, which do not allow
me very easily to accept the charges that are made against
him." The Home Secretary, oil the other hand, earnestly
strove to show that the inquiry, to be thorough, must neces¬
sarily embrace the collateral matters in question. Sir Edward
Clarke, the Solicitor-General, in the most pregnant passage of
his speech, read from the “Parncllism and Crime" articles in
the Time* the names of those accused of being implicated :—
" They have, however, revealed nearly all the chief members
of the first Home Rule Ministry—Mr. Parnell himself, Mr.
Justin McCarthy, Mr. T. P. O'Connor, Mr. Sexton, Mr. Arthur
O'Connor, Mr. Healy. Mr. Biggar, the Messrs. Itedmond, Mr.
William O'Brien, and Davitt—in trade and traffic with avowed
dynamiters and known contrivers of murder.” Bat against
this heavy accusation should be set the explicit assurance of
Sir William Ilarcourt on the Twenty-fourth of July :—
I liollevethere are no two persons wlni have tetter means of knnwlolf.’c
limn Pont Spencer nn.t mveelf of the transactions of that period, and
during all the anxious investimitlons of that terrible period we never dis¬
covered anv evidence which connected the Inn. member for Cork, or [ho
other Irish representatives, with complicity or iier|ietration of crime.
In the end, Mr. Labouchere's amendment, aimed against tho
Bill as a whole, was withdrawn, at the reqnest of Mr. Parnell :
and the measure was read a second time without division, it
being left for the Committee-stage to decide whether the
inquiry should be curtailed as desired. All this debate, how¬
ever, seems to make an autumn session inevitable.
Mr. W. J. Ingram, who formerly represented Boston, has
accepted an invitation to contest the seat in the Liberal interest
at. the next vacancy.
The Mercers’ Company have contributed 4105, and the
Goldsmiths' Company £25, towards the cost of the Exeter
Hall gymnasium of the Young Men's Christian Association.
THE EMPERORS AT PETERHOF.
The meeting of the German Emperor, William IL-with the
Emperor Alexander III. of Russia, took place at Peterhof. a
palace of the Russian Emperor on the southern shore of tne
Gulf of Finland, nearly opposite to the island-fortress or
Oronstadt, and some t’.vc.itv miles from .St. Petersburg by the
raihvav around the sea-coast. Peterhof and Oranicnbamn,
which is situated five miles beyond it westward, are pleasant
abodes, with very beautiful gardens, amidst green pastures
and groves of fir-trees and birch-trees. The park of Peterhof
is finely wooded, and parts of the grounds are laid out m the
style of Versailles : there is a pretty cottage named Marly, on
the bank of a lake, in which is preserved the old furniture
used by Peter the Great. Marble temples, fountains, and
statues" adorn the gardens, with stately terraces, avenues of
trees, and waterworks: and there are two small palaces on
little islands. The grand palace contains splendid apartments,
with pie: it res representing the historical scenes of Russian
glory, and portraits of Emperors and Empresses.
The German Emperor, with his brother, Princo Henry of
Prussia, came on Thursday, July III, his yacht, the Hohen-
znllern, anchoring in Cronstadt Roads with a squadron of ten
ships of the German navy. The Russian Imperial yacht, the
Alexandra, with his Majesty the Emperor Alexander on
board, went ont to meet this arrival; and the Russian
fleet of twenty - five ships, besides torpedo - boats, under
command of the Grand Duke Alexis, High Admiral,
fired a grand salute, to which the German ships re¬
plied. Tho Emperor William, going on hoard the Alexandra,
exchanged kisses and embraces with the Czar. On landing at
the Peterhof pier he was met by the Empress of Russia and the
Grand Dukes and Duchesses. There was a splendid guard of
Kuban Cossacks along the alleys through which the carriages
passed from the pier to the palace. On Friday, the 2(lth, the Ger¬
man Emperor w r ns conveyed in the Alexandra hv the new Ship
Canal andthcNeva to St. lVti rsburg. where lie visited the touili
of Alexander II. and of the late Empress, in tho Cathedral of
the fortress of St. Peter and St. Paul. On Saturday, both
Emperors, with the Empress of Russia, went to inspect the
great military camp of Krasnoe Selo. and witnessed a review
of nearly 50.000 troops under the command of the Grand Duke
Vladimir. The Emperor William then went to St. Petersburg,
to a grand dinner at the German Embassy, On Sunday,
after attending the Protestant worship at tho small
German Church at Peterhof, his Majesty entertained
the Czar and Czarina with luncheon in the balcony
overlooking the palace gardens. In the evening, the
Emperor Alexander gave a magnificent banquet to his Imperial
and Royal visitor, and to the whole Court, in the “hall of
Peter the Great." The park and gardens of Peterhof, and the
Marly fountains, were beautifully illuminated. On Monday,
July 23, the Emperor William saw the Russian cavalry
manoeuvres, performed under the direction of the Grand Dnke
Nicholas. His Majesty next day took his leave, le-embarkcd
in the Hobenzollern, and proceeded to visit Copenhagen and
Stockholm. It is believed that no very important political con¬
ference took place between the two Emperors, whose Ministers
of State were not in attendance.
The Home for Crippled Boys, Kensington, has received
£100 from the Grocers' Company.
The Archbishop of Canterbury and Mrs. Benson gave their
second and last garden-party at Lambeth Palace on July 21,
when they were “at home" from five to seven o'clock.
Sir Edward Guinness has forwarded to the chairman of the
South London Polytechnic Institute a cheque for £ 1000 towards
the fund now being raised.
It is stated that Lord Grimthorpo intends to give £10.000
towards providing a Suffragan Bishop for the Archdiocese of
York, of which he is the Chancellor.
The Speaker of the House of Commons presided at the dis¬
tribution of Trinity College music certificates by Mrs. Peel, at
the Public Hall, Leamington, ou July 21, and gave an address
on the music of the future.
On and after Ang. 1 private letter boxes for use during the
night may be rented at all post-offices at which n night staff is
ou duty, and at which there is a delivery of letters to callers
during the day.
At Wimbledon, on July 23, the All-England Lawn-Tennis
Championship meeting was concluded by a match for the four-
handed championship, in which the brothers Rcnshaw beat the
Hon. P. B. Lyon and Mr. II. W. Wilberforcc, the winners of
last year.
At an influential meeting held in the Mayor's room at the
Leeds Townhall on July 20 it was unanimously resolved to
invite the British Association to hold its meeting for the year
181)0 at Leeds. It was also decided to raise a guarantee fund
of £3000 to defray the usual expenses.
The Australian cricketers were defeated at Brighton on
July 21, Sussex being victorious by 53 runs : and.at the Oval,
Surrey won the match with Middlesex by three wickets. On
July 24 at Beckenham the second innings of Kent closed for
53, leaving Surrey victorious by 8i> runs.
Visitors to the Brussels Exhibition, or tourists in Belgium,
Holland, Switzerland, or up the Rhino and .Moselle, will find a
useful and chatty illustrated handbook in the Great Eastern
Railway Company’s “Tonrist Guide to the Continent." A new
edition, edited by Mr. Percy Lindley. has just been published,
price sixpence, at 125, Fleet-street, E.C.
Mr. Edgar Bruce and Miss Edith Woodworth gave a matinee
at the Globe Theatre, on July 211, in aid of the " Buttercups
and Daisies” Fund, which was started to give, once a year, n
day's holiday in the country to a number of the poorest children
of London, and to send away for a week or two some of the
more sickly ones to the seaside. Several well-known artistes
gave their assistance.
A handsome specimen of horological art is now on view at
Mr. Benson's, f>2 and 64, Ludgate-hill, having been mado to
the special order of one of the Indian Princes. It is a clock of
the Oriental type, showing the days of the week, months, Ac.,
with an alarum which can bo used when required. It chimes
the Westminster quarters on lour pure-toned gongs, and
strikes the hours on a powerful tenor gong. The whole is
finished in a case of the Renaissance style of Bolid metal, the
pillars and greater portion being of solid nickel silver, the
remainder of the finest brass, richly engraved and gilt.
The committee of the South Loudon Association for Assist¬
ing the Blind are anxious to give to their poor blind members
and guides their annual summer outing. For some years past
the committee have taken them to the seaside, and the return
of the excursion is looked for with the keenest enjoyment
There are upwards of Sun persons to provide for ; all of these
are more or less in great poverty, and most of them live in
pent-up places, so that a day's outing in the fresh air is
especially grateful to them. Contributions will he received
by the treasurer, Mr. 0. D. Millett, London and Westminster
Bank, Westminster Bridge-road; or by Mr. J. T. Edmonds,
hon. sec. and solicitor to the association, 155, Brixton-road S W
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Jclt 28, 1888.
THE NAVAL MANtEUVBES: THE FIRST DIVISION ROUNDING THE LONGSHIPS.
IN THE GULF OF FINLAND. WHERE THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA MET THE GERMAN EMPEROR WILLIAM II.
'!HE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, July 28, 1888.—93
THE IRISH EXHIBITION i FANCY FAIR IN THE OLD IRISH MARKET-PLACE.
94
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
•IT™ 25 ,983
THE ARMADA TERCENTENARY
three hundred years ago in the military preparations to
defend the country against the landing of a Spanish
army, sent two hundred men. They were arrayed in
position with the troops and sailors, who formed a square
round the site of the Armada Memorial. Major-General
Lyons, C.B., commanding the Western District, arrived with
his staff, and was received with a general salute. Provincial
Mayors, and members of the Plymouth Corporation, had been
received by the Mayor in the Council Chamber, and went
together in procession to the Hoe. On their arrival, the
massed bands played “ Rule. Britannia," and the ceremony
commenced. The Yen. Archdeacon Wilkinson read an impress¬
ive prayer. The Mayor was presented by Mr. Gribble, the
designer of the monument, with a silver trowel, and was
asked to lay the foundation-stone. It bore the following
inscription :—■* This foundation-stone of a national memorial
was laid, in the presence of naval, military, and civic repre¬
sentatives, by the Right Worshipful the Mayor of this borough
(Alderman H. .1. Waring), on Thursday. July 19, 1388, being
the three-hundredth anniversary of the first sighting of
the Spanish Armada from Plymouth Hoe. Patroness, her
Majesty the Queen." The Mayor having declared the stone
well and truly laid, the Royal ensign was hoisted, the naval
battery and guns in the citadel fired a Royal salute,
and the bands played the National Anthem. The ceremony
over, the procession returned to the municipal buildings,
accompanied by the Honourable Artillery Company as a guard
of honour. The memorial will overlook the Sound, the site
being to the left of the Drake statue, and near the spot where
Drake is said to have played his game of bowls, with other
captains, when the news came of the approach of the Armada.
obelisk with bronze figures and sculptured tablets, was laid by
the Mayor of Plymouth, with a brief ceremony, witnessed by a
large assembly of people. The Honourable Artillery Company
of London Volunteers, whose predecessors bore their part
COMMEMORATION.
The proceedings at Plymouth, on Thursday, July 19, in cele¬
bration of the
three - hundredth
anniversary of the
Spanish Armada
coming in sight of
the English shores,
were conducted in
a manner worthy
of the occasion.
They were not of
a merely local cha¬
racter. though Ply¬
mouth. as the port
where the English
fleet, under Lord
Howard of Effing¬
ham. lay ready to
engage the enemy,
and off which, at
no great distance,
the first conflict
took place on July
THE mayor or pi.ymovTii, was properly
Alderman H. J. Waring chosen for the
place of this com¬
memoration. The National Memorial, of which, ns designed
by Mr. Herbert Gribble, architect, we gave an Illustration
last week, is to be erected on Plymouth Hoe, where the
statue of Sir Francis Drake, Vice-Admiral and next in com¬
mand to Lord Howard of Effingham, was erected five years ago.
The foundation-stone of this memorial, to consist of a granite
citadel, and a game of bowls between the Leeds and Torrimrto*
bowling clubs. The two teams played in Elizabethan costumes
on what is supposed to be the exact spot where the came tent
place on July 19, 1583. Several thousand persons witnessed
the match. In the afternoon an historical procession of the
Kings and Queens of England, with descriptive tableaux dc
picting striking events in the history of our country neram"
bulated the town. In the evening, a civic banquet was [riven
by the Mayor in tbo Guildhall, the company exceeding three
hundred, and including many of the Hon. Artillery Company
in addition to the naval and military officers in the Western
District.
Besides our Illustrations of these proceedings, which passed
off very well, being favoured by fine weather, poitmits’nre
here given of the Mayor of Plymouth, Alderman H. J. Waring
who lias presided over the general committee for the Armada
commemoration, as well as over the local arrangements ; Mr
IV. H. K. Wright, Borough Librarian, honorary secretary at
Plymouth, and editor of the W'rxtt ni Antii/uiinj, in which
many valuable documents and historical essays have been
published; the chairman of the executive committee in
London, who is Professor J. K. Laughton, M.A.. Professor of
Modern History in King’s College, London, and formerly an
instructor in the Royal Navy, and on the staff of the Royal
Naval College at Portsmouth and at Greenwich ; and several
other active members of the managing committees, besides
one of the London honorary secretaries, Mr. P. H. Pridham
Wippell, the other being Captain Woolmer Williams. Among
these gentlemen are Sir Duncan Campbell, Bart., of Barcaldine
and Glenure, Argyllshire, Captain in the Ith Battalion High¬
land Light Infantry and Gentleman Usher in the Qneen's
Household, who is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries rf
Scotland; Captain Sir Lambton Loraino, R.X., Bart., of Kirk
Harle, Northumberland, a distinguished naval officer, who has
MR. W. II. K. YVUIGHT, noROl'GH I.JBRAl'.IAN',
Hon. See. to the Plymouth Pomniinro.
PROFESSOR I. K. LAl'ClITON, M.A., B.X.,
Chairman of the Executive Committee, London.
MANAGERS OF T
|ierformed active services in the West Indies and on the
“Spanish Main,” the coast of Central America; the Rev.
Canon Boger, of Rochester Cathedral, one of an old Cornish
family living near Plymouth at the time of the Armada : he
was head-master of Queen Elizabeth's School, Southwark,
nearly thirty years; Depiity-Inspcctor-General R. M’Cor-
mick, Il.N., the oldest surviving medical officer in the Navy,
who accompanied the Arctic exploring expedition of Parry,
in 1827. and similar expeditions of later date, and has also
served in the West Indies ; and Major Martin Frobisher, now
residing at Woolwich, the namesake and only living descendant
of one of the most illustrious Armada heroes, Sir Martin
Frobisher, a Yorkshireman, who was nil early Arctic explorer
in tho reign of Elizabeth, seeking to discover the North-west
Passage, and gave his name to Frobisher Bny in that region.
Major Frobisher was born in 1839, and served in India, bnt
retired from the Army in 1870 on account of ill-health, and
is well known at Woolwich : he is secretary to the Waldensian
Church Mission. Dr. Henry Holman Drake, M.A.. of London,
is descended from Captain John Drake, who was cousin to
Sir Francis Drake, and his companion in his voyage round the
world : Dr. II. II. Drake is a learned antiquary, and editor nf
the “ History of the Hundred of Blackhcatli," a work of
importance to the county of Kent.
The Prince of Wales has given 50 guineas towards tlic
new Roman Catholic church at Lynn, for which an urgent
appeal has been made.
A friend, who wishes to remain anonymous, has handed to
the Founder of the Mission to Deep-Sea Fishermen a cheque
for three thousand five hundred pound*, to cover the cost of
building and eqniping another Hospital Mission Ship, on the
lines of the Qnecn Victoria, now rapidly approaelmig com¬
pletion at the yard of Messrs. Fellows and Son. Great \nr-
inoath The Queen, who is patron of the Mission, has expressed
h-r consent to the donor's request that the second Hospital
Ship shall be named the Albert.
TERCENTENARY CELEBRATION OF THE DEFEAT OF THE
FASHIONABLE MARRIAGES.
The marriage of the Hon. FitzRoy Keith Stewart, youngest
son of the ninth Earl of Galloway and brother of the present
Earl, with Elizabeth Louisa, widow of Mr. J. Stanley Thompson,
was celebrated in St. Paul's, Kuightsbridge. on July 17. The
bridegroom was attended by Mr. George W. E, Russell as best
man, and the bride was accompanied by her brother, the Rev.
Arthur Rogers, Rector of Yarlington, Somersetshire, who gave
her away. The wedding-party was numerous.
A fashionable congregation assembled on July IS at St.
George's, Hanover-square, to witness the marriage of Mr. Charles
Vansittart to Miss Constance Miller, younger daughter of the
late Sir Thomas Miller, of Glenlee, and Lady Miller. The
service waB fully choral. The bride was given away by her
brother, Sir William Miller. She wore a costume of rich
white duchesse satin, the front being tastefully draped with
fine monsseline-de-soie, and trimmed with sprays of orange-
blossom. Her long train was borne by two little’pages dress" ]
in pretty costumes of blue plush, with white satin faciu; -
There were six bridesmaids, attired in gowns of pale-blue China
silk, trimmed with gold embroidery, and white silk waistcoats,
white hats, and tan shoes and gloves. Each carried a bouquet
of roses, and wore a diamond initial brooch, the gift of the
bridegroom. Captain Victor Fergusson, of the Royal Horse
Guards, was the bridegroom’s best man.
The marriage of Mr. L. Willoughby, son of the late Hon.
and Rev. Charles Willoughby, to Miss Ada Cousens was
solemnised on July 18 at St. Matthew's Church, St. Pcters-
burg-place, by the Hon. and Rev. T. Willoughby, uncle of
the bridegroom, assisted by the Hon. and Rev. Francis llyng
and the Hon. and Rev. G. B. Legge. The chnrch was filled by
an aristocratic gathering. The bride was conducted to the
niter by her father. She wore a costnme of ivory-white satin
trimmed with Brnssels lace ; her ornaments were diamonds
and rubies. There were eight bridesmaids, who were attired
in pretty dresses of cream Indian muslin and Valenciennes
lace, with large green moire sashes, and Leghorn hats trimmed
IPANtSH ARMADA.
with Marshal Niel roses. Captain Graham Pearce was the
best man.
The marriage of the Hon. Philip B. Petre, third son of the
late Lord Petre and Lady Petre, with Julia, eldest daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Cavendish Taylor, of Elvnston-place. Queens
gate, took place on July 19. at the Oratory, Brompton. The
Hon. Bernard H. Petre was his brother's best man : and the
four bridesmaids were Miss Beatrix and Miss Anita Cavendish
Taylor, sisters of the bride ; Miss Ethel Cavendish, her cousin ;
and Miss Stapleton Bretherton, niece of the bridegroom. The
bride was given away by her father. Monsignor M eld per¬
formed the marriage rite, and was celebrant at the nuptial
mass which followed.
In St. Paul’s Church. Knightsbridge, on July 23, took place
the wedding of Mr. F. G. Hodgson Roberta, only son of tlio
late Mr. H. and Mrs. Armstrong Roberts, of 11, Kensington-gore,
with Miss Violet Cunliffe, eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Ellis Brooke Cunliffe, of High Legh Hall, Knutsford, Cheshire,
and 18, Ennismore-gardens, Kensington, S.W. The service
was fully choral. The bride was given away by her father.
The bridesmaids were Misses Veronica. Vanda, and Aerbena
Cunliffe, sisters of the bride, and Miss Lne Hodgson Roberts,
sister of the bridegroom. Mr. Greenall acted as groomsman.
The marriage of Mr. Charles Aclenne, of Babrabara, Cam¬
bridgeshire, with Madeline Pamela, second daughter of the
Hon. Percy and Mrs. Wyndham, was solemnised in St. retcr*
Church, Eaton-sqnare. on July 23, in the presence of a large
gathering of relatives and friends. Mr. Rirersdale Malronil
was the bridegroom's best man ; and iu the bridal procession
eleven bridesmaids assisted—namely, Miss Pamela M'ynahani,
sister of the bride; tho Hon. Marie Adeane and Mies Maude
Adcane, sisters of the bridegroom; Miss Pamela Campbell, Miss
Dorothy Carleton, Miss Mure, the Hon. Mary AVyndham, ann
Lady Edith Douglas, cousins of the bride; Lady Cor stance
Grosvenor. Lady Eleanor Lambton, and Miss Poore; aud there
were two pages—the Hon. Hugo and the Hon. Guy Chartens,
Lady Elcho’s children, and nephews of the bride.
JULY 2$. ISSS
TTTK ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
relics of the armada and drake.
Upon the occasion of the Tercentenary Festival of the Defeat
of the Spanish Armada, described
in another page, the Mayor of
Plymouth, on Wednesday, July
IS. opened an interesting” special
Exhibition of relics of that me¬
morable historical event, in the
building of the Western Law
Courts. Thi9 Exhibition, intended
to be kept open three weeks, con¬
tains more than four hundred
articles contributed from all parts
. of England ; they include ) or*
traits of Raleigh. Hawkins. Drake
and other Elizabethan worthies ;
the astrolabe used by Drake in
his circumnavigation of the
globe; the personal belongings
of Armada heroes, books, coins,
medals, manuscripts, arms and
armour, and fine pictures and en¬
gravings representing scenes of
the naval conflict. The Duke of
Norfolk, President of the Armada
Commemoration, lent a grand
portrait of his ancestor. Lord
Howard of Eflingham : and Green¬
wich Hospital sent a noble por-
i Bf trait of Sir Walter Raleigh,
\ II besides Drakes astrolabe. There
\ W are swords which have been worn
\ SI by Sir Walter Raleigh and Sir
\ Francis Drake : and other articles
belonging to Drake, of which we
II give Illustrations : namely, his
jl digger, his walking-stick, and
the lid of his snuff-box. adorned
J with armorial bearings and other
devices. An engraving of the
n !'in hi.""im'i uTk k° most original portrait of Sir
Francis Drake, reproduced for
this occasion under the supervision of Dr. II. If.
Drake, the lineal descendant of Captain John Drake,
brother and companion of the illustrious navigator
and warrior, has lieen placed oil sale at this Exhibi¬
tion. The original painting is not known to be
extant; but it is considered to be rather older than
the one painted by the French artist.
Jean Rabel. which was engraved iu
Paris l»v Thomas Le Leu. who de¬
dicated the engraving to Sir Edward
Stafford, then English Ambassador
at the Court of Ilenry III. of France.
That King was assassinated a twelve¬
month after the date of the Spanish
Armada : and Le Leu's engraving,
with its inscription referring to his -
reign, was apparently published
sometime before that event. There »r»kks
is reason to believe that the artist
Ral>el borrowed the likeness of H ™ li ‘
Drake's face, altering the costume and ac¬
cessories. from the picture represented in the
engraving now reproduced and offered for
sale at the Plymouth Exhibition. Its Latin
inscription speaks of Drake, not ns conqueror
of the Spanish fleet, but as the circumnavi¬
gator, M qui, toto terrarum orbe, diiorum
an nor urn et men si am decern spatio, Zephyris
faventibus. circumducto. Angliam. sedes pro-
k prias. revisit," adding the dates of his sailing
% in 1577, and of his return home at the end of
15X0. Xo painter’s name appears in the en-
J graving, but the picture must have been the
work of a skilful and tasteful artist. Drake
wears a handsome, not too sumptuous,
costume, with a very moderate neck-ruff ; he
stuids bare-headed, with his right hand
v quietly resting on a casque and corslet of
w8 ee * arn,oar * am l in hi* left hand a trilli¬
on imnu vxxht. 1 * c l ieon held against the broadsword that
hangs from his belt. A globe, allowing the
s ns and lands of the eastern hemisphere, is suspended in an
open window, through which is the view beyond of a seaport
t mn with islands in the harbour, and huge bags of money on
tha beach. With regard to the Drake family, it is well
is
V
'•U IKE.
Admiral Eliott. Lord Heath field, who defended Gibraltar, to the
Tray ton Fullers, of Sussex, who, therefore, also took the
names of^ Eliott and Drake, ami whose representative. Sir
I rancis Fuller Eliott Drake. Bart., resides at Nutwell Court,
near Exeter.
THE IRISH EXHIBITION.
In the vast covered space of the building called Olympia,”
close to the Addison-road or West Kensington Railway Station,
where the Paris Hippodrome found a sufficient arena for its
performances, and in seven acres of adjacent open pleasure-
grounds. the managers of this Exhibition have set forth a
great and varied display, not less instructive and useful than
attractive to the eye and mind, of Irish arts and industries,
and the interesting antiquities of Ireland. It comprises the
processes and sample products of agriculture, textile and other
manufactures, shipbuilding and sea industries, machinery and
engineering, mining and mineral products, brewing and
distilling, paper, printing and book-binding, scientific, chemi¬
cal. and allied industries: education and science, furniture and
decoration, women's industries and cottage industries, fine arts,
historical and antiquarian relics or memorials. Unionists and
Home-Rulers most heartily agree in wishing well to all these
Irish interests ; and eminent members of the opposite
political parties—Englishmen and Irishmen. Protestant and
(’atholic clergy, with Peers who have been Lords Lieu¬
tenant of Ireland and their Ladies who have presided over
viceregal Drawingrooms in Dublin Castle, are associated
ir ? . the }*«* of Porous and committees for the Exhi¬
bition. The most active of its working managers has been
Lord Arthur Hill. M.P., the honorary secretary, to whom Mr.
John H. Raffety has remlcml valuable assistance. The Irish
benevolent committees, presided over by the Duke and Duchess
of Abercorn. Lord and Lady Aberdeen, and Mr. Ernest and
Mrs. Hart, have especially laboured for the encouragement of
cottage industries. The \1 omen’s Art and Industries Section,
from which very beneficial results are to be hoped, got up a
fashionable Fancy Fair, from Tuesday. Julv 17, to Friday.
.1 illy -n. inclusive of the four days, in the “ Old Irish Market¬
place'' ; and we give a few Sketches of this scene and its
characteristic incidents, which were pleasant and amusing.
Among the ladies who officiated at the thirteen bazaar stalls
were the Marchioness of Salisbury. Mrs. Gladstone, the Countess
of Aberdeen. Countess Spencer, the Duchess of Manchester,
the Marchioness of Downsbire, the Marchioness of London¬
derry, the Countess of Bective, and many others of rank and
note. The articles sold were Irish work, lace, embroidery,
ornamental needlework, fancy wares, hags, cushions, baskets,
fans, glass, china, cutlery, stationery, photographs, drawings,
hooks, papers, and music, flowers, fruit, perfumery, confec¬
tionery, pet birds, kittens, dogs, and other domestic animals.
The sales realised a handsome sura of money, to pay the cost
of erecting the “ Old Irish Market.”
klswif-Ptl who died in l.lOfl. had no children by
,,f it. '! l,u>t ‘, ■ "'ho afterwards married William Coll r ten a v.
s> pl, "! ,am one of the family of the Earl of Devon.
Tlionns* , r n' nf *i 8 "oceeded in his estates by his brother
.' , "uckland Monachornm. whose son Francis was
Dr £i:L, thi " 'strolletcy expired in 17*1: but the
a_c has passed, in the female line, as well as that of
SWORD-DUELS.
The duel between M. Floqnet, Prime Minister of the French
Republic, and General Boulanger, on Friday. July IS. has not
been mortal to either combatant: the General's wound in the
throat is healed. They fought in the exercise-grennd of the
private garden attached to the house of Count Dillon, at
Xeuilly. The seconds of M. Floquet were M. Clctnenceau and
M. Georges Perrin; those of General Boulanger were M.
Laisant and M. Le Herisse. An eminent surgeon, llr. Leon
Labile, was present. M. Floquet had sent the challenge, in
consequence of General Boulanger having insulted him by
twice saying in the Chamber of Deputies, ‘‘You lie im¬
pudently,” in the debate of the day before, when M. Floquet,
as a Republican, had taunted the General with being formerly
a suitor or visitor of “ ante-chambers and sacristies.” It
is not doubted that the General intended to provoke the
duel; hut, having received the formal challenge, he was
entitled to the choice of weapons. He chose swords, and
being a soldier, ten years younger than M. Floquet, who
is a lawyer, and about sixty years of age, the chances
might have seemed greatly in favour of Boulanger. The two
men stripped to their shirts, taking off their cravats and
collars, and went at it with rapiers. At the first pass M.
Floquet was slightly cut below the left calf, and General
Boulanger got a puncture of the right forefinger. At the second
pass M. Floquet was cut in the left hand, and his body was
grazed on the right side. General Boulanger, who had rushed
wildly at his opponent, received a serious wound ; M. Floqnet
had quietly raised his sword, and Boulanger, stumbling
forward, got it in his throat. The seconds, by common consent,
stated that General Boulangers wound made it impossible for
him to continue to fight, 'the bleeding was stopped by the
surgeon, and the General was able to walk to Count Dillon's
bouse. The sword had pierced the right side of his neck to a
depth exceeding two inches, passing between the jugular vein
and the carotid artery, and nearly severing the phrenic nerve.
There was danger of tetanns, and some fear lest the damage
to the nerve should interfere with the respiratory movement
of the diaphragm : hut, after two days, all anxieties concerning
the General's life were relieved, and he has sustained no per¬
manent injury.
The foolish and wicked practiceof duelling has been extinct
in England for half a century past. Neither public opinion,
nor the administration of the criminal law, would spare to
punish any malefactor, however aristocratic or fashionable,
who should resort to this method of avenging a personal
quarrel. It is now generally agreed in this country, which is
so far civilised, that a man has no right to take" the life of
another except by warrant of military service at the bidding
of his Sovereign ; and further, that a man has no right to
expose bis own life to be taken by another, except in defence
of his country or of his neighbour, and iu preventing or repell¬
ing some violent outrage. The former action, without sttuli
justification, is regarded as murder; the latter involves the
moral guilt of suicide. But in looking hack at the history of
duelling in past pages, and within the recollection of many
persons now living, there appear some mitigating considerations.
In various instances, where one of r.he duellists was actually
killed, there is ample mas'll) to lielieve that the man wlm killed
him was not animated by any malignant spirit, and did not
intend or desire to kill or even to wound him. Both were not
uncommonly the mere slaves of a silly custom, and of a pre¬
posterous “ rule of honour," which they obeyed under fear of being
reputed cowards. This natural sentiment, and the willingness
of each to attest the truth of some assertion, or his own
innocence of some imputed misbehaviour, by pledging the
risk of his life, could perhaps have been satisfied by some
other process than a hostile encounter. They might have
undertaken, in company, to brave some common danger, as
in the ancient ordeal of passing through fire, or in twenty
different wavs. That two men who did not hate each other,
in such a degree as to lie capable of wilfully murdering, or
even wilfully doing Imdily harm to each other—which
negative temper was often their case— should deliberately
attempt to shoot or stab one another, because each pretended
to be in the right, and because they wanted to be thought
brave, was the most irrational and unpractical of actions. It
would have been less inconsistent, tbongh it would have been
grossly absurd and still more dreadful, to have stood on
opposite sides of an open barrel of gunpowder, and simul¬
taneously cast lighted matches into it, in proof and wager of
their equal courage.
The duel, however, was an institution that, involving a
trial of skill as well as of chance, besides the trial of courage,
lent itself to atrocious abuses, being habitually employed by
scoundrels who had become accomplished in wielding deadly
weapons to terrorise all men less perfect in the art, by which
they maintained a social aseendauey, in spite of all true laws
of honour, of decency, and good manners. The most notorious
liar, swindler, and traitor, the most dishonest and mischievous
profligate, could defy the censure of pnblic opinion, and conld
insult gentlemen of high character, if he were reputed to
handle the sword or pistol more expertly than other men. The
sword, especially, was the favourite instrument of the bnlly
duellist, who knew how to use it so as to be tolerably sure of
escaping all danger from his adversary's sword: whereas nobody
can he sure of not being hit and killed by a pistol-bullet, even
from the hand of an inferior marksman. There was, however,
this only to he said in favour of the sword when all gentlemen
learned somewhat of fencing—that a snperior swordsman,who
did not mean to kill, might easily contrive to inflict a wound
disabling, but not dangerous to life. Indeed, the fine-bladed
rapier, used from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, or
the sharp-pointed fencing-foil, might lie run through the bndv
without killing, if it did not touch the heart or some other
vital organ ; while a thrust through the flesh of the arm,
which was called “winging" or “pinking," gained the victory
by slight infliction of personal suffering, and would be felt as
a polite rebuke or lesson to avoid impertinence in future.
Of a very different complexion were the professional bully
dnellists. who abounded in France and Italy, more than any¬
where, from the beginning of the sixteenth century, but whose
school of homicide and lawless insolence found pupils all over
Europe. It was a regular art in the Italy of the Renaissance,
which invented what one of Shakspeare's gentlemen speaks
of as •' that poking fight of rapier and dagger," the dagger
being held in the left hand, ready either to turn aside the
opponent's sword or to inflict a mortal stab. This frightful
combination ot weapons caused the death of both combatants
in an English duel in the reign of James I. Two of his
courtiers, Sir George Wharton and Sir James Stuart, in
November, 1IKHI, fought at Canonbury, Islington, and
killed each other. In the same year, two officers of the
English army. Sir Hatton Cheek aud Sir Thomas Dutton,
fought with rapier and dagger at Calais, where both
were slain. Iu 1613, Lord Bruce was killed in a duel
at Bcrgen-op-Zoom by Edward Sackville, Earl of Dorset.
But it was in France, under King Henry IV. os well as the
preceding Kings of the House of Valois, that duelling raged
with the utmost ferocity. More than six thousand French
gentlemen fell victims to this baneful custom within a period
of about one hundred years. A man disabled, or disarmed, or
fallen prostrate, was to be killed at once, if he wonld not
beg mercy of the victor. Among the most noted instances
are the killing of Lachesnaye, an old man of eighty, with
sword and dagger, by young Chateannenf, to whom he was
guardian ; the hamstringing cut of Jarnac, who thus over¬
threw his adversary and then put him <o death ; the triple
combat between D'Entragues and Quelus, with two friends on
each side, when three of the six were killed ; and the duel, in
1613, between the grandson of the great Coligny and the
grandson of the famous Duke of Guise, former leaders, re¬
spectively, of the Huguenots and of the Catholic League. One
ruffian, the Chevalier d'Andrieux, at the age of thirty, boasted
that he had killed seventy-two men in duels. Another, the
Comte de Bouteville. who was a Montmorency, seeking repu¬
tation with “ the small sword and the poignard," went about
challenging every man who was said to be skilful, and killed
them so freqnently, having not the slightest cause of quarrel,
that the Parlement issued several edicts to forbid him. These
he openly disobeyed, and was therefore condemned and be¬
headed in Richelieu's time. Laws were passed then, and
further in the reign of Louis XIV., to punish duellists with
loss of rauk, office, and estate, or with banishment; but
pardons were constantly granted.
In England, on the Restoration of Charles I., sword-duelling
became more fashionable than ever; and every reader is
acquainted with the killing of the Earl of Shrewsbury by the
Duke of Buckingham, at Barn Elms, the Duke's second, Sir J.
Jenkins, being at the same time killed by the Earl's second,
while Lady Shrewsbury, the adulteress, held Buckingham's
horse standing by. “O temporal O mores."’ The sanguinary
blackguard Lord Mohun, also, is likely to be remembered ; he
who shared in the murder of Montford the actor, and who
afterwards, in 1712. fought a savage duel with the Duke of
Hamilton in Hyde Park, where both were killed, each receiving'
three or four horrible wounds. Swords were still preferred to
pistols in England, being usually worn by gentlemen, nntil
after the middle of the last century ; but the dagger had been
rejected since the time of Charles I. Duellists sometimes
came with swords aud pistols; after exchanging shots
they wonld use cold steel. It was not unfrequent, how¬
ever, that two gentlemen who had got angry with each
other at a tavern or in a private house, would at
once draw their swords and light, without any seconds or
witnesses or formal arrangements. Lord Byron, great-uncle of
the poet, in 176.i killed Mr. Chaworth, at a house in London
in an impromptu sword-fight. Examples of this kind in
the memoirs and anecdotes, or in the comedies and old
novelists works of the eighteenth century, prove that “The
norld went very well then, as Mr. Walter Besant ironically
says Comparing the England of George II. with the England
of Charles I it looks rather like a relapse into barbarism.
o« ing to the decay of religion and morality and domestic life.
Ill the method of duelling, we observe that pistolling found
to WeT i re ra as . ri gentlemanly pastime ; indeed, it seems
l?''™* I . ,een . th , c nm '“, of reckless men in the npper
classes of society until after the Union.
The pistol-duels in England, during the reigns of the last
reio, "u'.^ni"'" :0 “ IV ’ and at , the '“Vinningof Victoria's
rei II, «, le often very serious ; and some persons of consider¬
able eminence, noblemen, statesmen, and distinguished military
THE ILLUSTRATED LOUDON NEWS, Jr
SKETCH BY
ATION
officers, were engaged in them. The present writer, among
the personal recollections of his boyhood in a provincial town,
has that of the lamented death of a benevolent medical man!
the Mayor of the city, who was shot by a certain Boronet in a
silly quarrel about dancing with a young lady at a ball the
night before. The sword-duel has been maintained, in France
especially, since 1330, as an accessary to political ambition,
part of the stock-in-trade of adventurers in journalism, pro¬
fessional orators, and Parliamentary debaters. It is, at the
Same time, almost a oompulsory obligation, in certain cases,
among military men in France, in Austria, and in Germany.
French public men too commonly think it a needful accessary
to their pretensions; it has cost several valuable lives, and has
degraded the tone of political contention. The Honapartist
faction has been supported by this species of bullying for
many years past, and the Royalist faction has sometimes
Italians. M. Beaupoil de St. Aula
political pamphlet, was killed by a
Feltre, as it had censured his conduct.
Constant, and other leading politiciai
had to fight duels with political or
fought in England was between two
1’ renchmeu, soon after the Exhibition
while the other, named Barthclemy,
wards hanged^ for a different murde
a British subject residing iu Paris,
tilled in a sword-duel with the Due
fencing is constantly practised as an
an art, by a largo number of Frenchn
DRAWN
Fair White Rose of Somerset, hi me be assured of the
of Ilehester by
X)R FAITH AND FREEDOM.
98
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 28, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
CHAPTER VII.
UED101NA DOCTOR.
DID not, like B n-
jamin, brag of the
i - - e — things he would do
when he should go
forth to the world.
Nevertheless, he
much about his
and frequently ho
discourse! with me about the
life that he fain would lead.
A young man, I think, wants
someone with whom lie may
•uk freely concerning the
nights which fill his soul.
t r e who belong to the sex
'iti which receives but docs not
t reat ■ or invent, which profits
bv man’s good work, and suffers
from tile evil which he too often
docs, have no such thoughts
and ambitions.
" I cannot,” he would say,
“ take .I| 'ii me holy orders, as
Mr. Boscorel would have
nr', promising, in my cousin
gtra ' Robin's name, this living alter
ry r his death, because, though 1 am in truth a mere
(S ' paup r and dependant, there arc in me none of those
prickings of the spirit which I could interpret into n
Divine call for the ministry; next, because I cannot in con¬
science swear to obey the Thirty-nine Articles while I still hold
that the Nonconformist way of worship is more consonant with
the Word of God. And, again, I am of opinion that the Law
of Moses, which forbade any but a well-formed man from
serving at the altar, hath in it something eternal. It denotes
that as no cripple may serve at the earthly altar, so in heaven,
of which the altar is an emblem, all those who dwell thereiu
shall be perfect in body as in soul. What, then, is such a
one as myself, who hath some learning and no fortune, to do ?
Sir Christopher, my benefactor, will maintain me at Oxford
until I have taken a degree. This is more than 1 could have
expected. Therefore. I am resolved to take a degree in medi¬
cine. It is the only profession fit for a mis-shapen creature.
They will not laugh at me when I alleviate their pains.”
“Could anyone laugh at you, Humphrey?”
“ I’ray Heaven. I frighten not the ladies at the first aspect
of me.” " He laughed, but not with merriment; for, indeed, a
cripple or a hunchback cannot laugh mirthfully over his own
misfortune. “ Some men speak scornfully of the profession,”
he went on. “The great French playwright, Monsieur
Moliere, doth make the physicians the butt and laughing-stock
of all Paris. Yet consider. It is medicine which prolongs
our days and relieves-our’pains. Before th» science was
studied, the wretch who caught a fever in the marshy forest
lay down and died; an ague lasted all one’s life; a sore
throat putrefied and killed; n rheumatism threw a man upon
the bed from which he would never rise. The physician is
man’s chief friend. If our Sovereigns studied the welfare of
humanity as deeply ns the art of war, they would maintain,
at vast expense, great colleges of learned men continually
engaged iu discovering the secrets of nature - the causes and
the remedies of disease. What better use can a man make of
his life than to discover one— only one—secret which will
drive away part of the agony of disease ? The Jews, more
merciful than the Romans, stupefied their criminals after they
were crucified; they died, indeed, but their sufferings were
less. So the physician, though in the end all men must die,
may help them to die without pain. Nat, I have even thought
that we might devise means of causing the patient by somo
potent drug to fall into so deep a sleep that even the surgeon’s
knife shall not cause him to awaken.”
He therefore, before 1m entered at Oxford, read with my
father many learned bpoks of the ancients on the science and
practice of medicine, and studied botany with the help of such
bo iks as he could procure.
Some men have but one side to them—that is to say, the
only active part of them is engaged in but one study; the
rest is given up to rest or indolence. Thus Benjamin studied
law diligently, but nothing else. Humphrey, for his part,
read his Galen and his Celsus, but he neglected not the
cultivation of those aits and accomplishments in which Mr.
Boscorel was as ready a teacher as lie was a ready scholar. He
thus learned the history of painting, and sculpture, and archi¬
tecture, and that of coins and medals, so that at eighteen
Humphrey might already have set up as a virtuoso.
Nor was this all. Still by the help of the Rector, he
learned the use of the pencil and the brush, and could both
draw prettily, or paint in water colours, whether the cottages
or the church, the cows iu the fields, or the woods and hills.
I have many pictures of his paint’ng which he gave me from
time to time. And he could play sweetly, whether on the
spinnet, or the violin, or the guitar, spending many hours
every week with Mr. Boscorel playing duettos together; and
willingly he would sing, having a rich and full voice very
delightful to In nr. When I grew a great girl, and had
nlvuneed far enough, I was permitted to play with them,
‘there was no end to the music which Mr. Boscorel possessed.
First, lie lmd a great store of English ditties such ns country-
people love—ns, “ Sing all a green willow,” “ Gather ye rose¬
buds while ye may,” or " Once 1 loved a maiden fair.” There
was nothing lough or rude in these songs, though I am
informed that much wickedness is taught by the ribald songs
that are sung in playhouses and coffee-rooms. And when we
were not playing or singing, Mr. Boscorel would read ns
poetry-portions from Shnkspcnre or Ben Jon son, or out of
Milton’s “ l’nradisc Lost” ; or from Herrick, who is surely the
sweetest poet that ever lived, “yet marred,” said Mr. Boscorel,
“ by Ins coarseness and corruption.” Now, one day, after
we'had been thus reading one winter afternoon, when the
sun lay upon the meadows Humphrey walked home with me,
and oil tne way confessed, with many blnshi s, that he, too,
had been writing rers.-s. And with that lie lugged a paper
out of hil pocket.
“ They are for thine own eyes only," he said. “Truly, my
dear, thou hast the finest eyes in the world. They are for no
other eyes than thine,” he repeated. “ Not for ltobin, mind,
lest he laugh: poetry hath in it something sacred, so that
even the writer of bad verses cannot bear to have them laughed
at. When thou art a year or two older thou wilt understand
that they wore written for thy heart as well as for thine eyes,
yet, if thou like the verses, they may be seen by Mr. Bos.orel,
’All RipAU Stfrvul.
but in private; and if he langh at them do not tell me. Y'et,
again, one would like to know wliat he said; wherefore, tell
me, though his words be like a knife in my side.”
Thus he wavered between wishing to show them to his
master in art, and fearing.
In the end, when I showed them to Mr. Boscorel, he said
that, for a beginner, they were very well-very well, indeed;
that the rhymes were correct, and the metre true; that years
and practice would give greater firmness, and that the crafty
interl acing of thought and passion, which was the character¬
istic of Italian verse, could only be learned by much reading of
the Italian poets. More he said, speaking upon the slight
subject of rhyme and poetry with as much seriousness and
earnestness as if he were weighing and comparing t xts of
Scripture.
Then he gave me back the verses with a sigh.
“ Child,” he said. “ To none of us is given what most wo
elesiro. For my part, I longed iu his infancy that my son
should grow up even as Humphrey, as quick to learn; with ns
true a taste; with as correct on ear; with a hand as skilful.
But-you sec, I complain not, though Benjamin loves the
noisy tavern better than the quiet coffee-house where the wits
resort. To him such things as verses, art, and music are
foolishness. I say that I complain not; but I would to
Heaven that H umphrey were my own, and that his shoulders
were straight, poor lad I Tliy father hath made him a Puritan :
he is audios John Milton in his youth—and as beautiful in
face ns that stout Republican. I doubt not that we shall havo
from the hand of Humphrey, if he live and prosper, something
fine, the nature of which, whether it is to be in painting, or
in music, or in poetry, I know not. Take the verses, and tnke
care that thou lose them not; and, child—remember—the
r t is allowed to say what he pleases about a woman’s eyes.
not deceived into thinking-But no—no—there is no fear.
Goo 1-night, thou sweet and inuocent saint.”
I knew not then what he meant; but these are the verses, and
I truly think that they are very moving and religious. For if
woman be truly the most beautiful work of the Creator
(which all men aver), then it behoves her all the more
still to point upwards. I rend them with a pleasure and
surprise that filled my whole soul, and iufiamed my heart with
pious joy:—
Armani, above, and everywhere
The earth hath many a lovely thing;
The zephyrs soft, the flowers fair,
The babbling brook, the bubbling spring.
The grey of dawn, the azure sky,
The sunset glow, the evening gloom;
Tin warbling thrush, the skylark high,
The blossoming hedge, the garden's bloom.
The sun In stale, the moon in pride,
The twinkling stars in order laid;
The winds that ever raee and ride.
The shadows flying o'er the glade.
Oh I many a lovely thing hath earth,
To charm the eye and witch the soul;
Yet one there is ol passing worth—
For that one thing I give the whole.
The crowning work, file last thing made.
Creation’s masterpiece to be—
Bend o’er yon stream, and there displayed,
This wondrous thing reflected see.
Behold a face for heaven designed;
See how those eyes thy soul betray—
Love—secret love-there sits enshrined;
And upwards stitl doth point the way.
■When Humphrey went away, he did not, like Benjamin,
come blustering and declaring that he would marry me, and that
he would break the skull of any other man who dared make
love to me—not at all; Humphrey, with tears in his eyes, told
me that he was sorry I could not go to Oxford as well; that he
was going to lose the sweetest companion in the world ; nud that
he should always love me; and theu he kissed me on the forehead,
and so departed. Why should he not always lovc’mc ? I knew
very well that he loved me, nnd that I loved him. Although
he was so young, being only seventeen when he was entered at
Exeter College, I suppose there never was a young gentleman
went to the University of Oxford with so many accomplish¬
ments, and so much learning. By my father's testimony he
read Greek as if it were his mother tongue, and he wrote and
conversed easily in Latin ; and you have heard what arts and
accomplishments he ndded to this solid learning. He was
elected to a scholarship at his college, that of Exeter, and, after
he took his- degree as Bachelor of Medicine, he was made a
Fellow of All Souls, where Mr. Boscorel himself had also been
n Fellow. This cle< tlon was not only n great distinction for
him, but it gave him what a learned young man especially
desires—the means of living and of pursuing his studies.
While he was at Oxford he wrote letters to Sir Christopher,
to Mr. Boscorel, and to my father (to whom also he sent such
new books and pamphlets as he thought would interest him).
To me he sent sometimes drawings and sometimes books, but
never verses.
Now (to make an end of Humphrey for the present), when
he had obtained liis fellowship, he asked for nnd obtained leitvc
of absence nud permission to study medicine in those great
schools which far surpass, they say, our English schools of
medicine. These are that of Montpellier; the yet more famous
school of Padnn, in Italy; and tliut of Leydeii, whither many
Englishmen have resorted for study, notably Mr. Evelyn,
whose book called “ Sylvn ” was ii^the Rector’s library.
He carried oil during the whole of this time a corre¬
spondence with Mr. Boscorel on the paintings, statues, and
architecture to be seen wherever his travels carried him.
These letters Mr. Boscorel read aloud, with a map spread
before him, discoursing i li the history of the place and the
chief things to be seen there, before he begun to read. Surely
there never was a man so much taken up with the fine arts,
especially us they were practised bv the ancients.
There remains the last of thebovs-Robin, Sir Christopher's
grandson and heir. I should like this hook to be all about
Robin-yet one must needs speak of the others. I declare,
that from the beginning, there never was a boy more linppy,
more jolly; never anyone more willing to be always making
someone happy. He loved the open air, the wild creature s,
the trees, the birds, everything that lives beneath the sky ; vet
not like my pair brother Bamaby-a hater of books. He
read all the books which told about creatures, or hunting, or
country life; and all voyages and travels. A frcsli-colonred,
wholesome lul, not so grave ns Humphrey, nor so rustic ns
Bnmnby, who always seemed to carry with him the scent of
woods and fields. II • was to Sir Christopher, what Benjamin
was to Jacob. Even my father loved him though he was so
poor a scholar.
Those who stay at home have homely wits: that is well
known: therefore Robin must follow Humphrey to Oxford.
He went thither the year after his epusin. I never learned
that he obtained a scholarship, or that he was considered one
of the younger pillars of that learned nnd ancient University;
or, indeed, (lint he took a degree at all.
After he 13ft Oxford, lie must go to London, there to study
Justice’s Low and fit himself for the duties he would have to
fulfil. Also his grandfather would have him acquire some
knowledge of the Court nnd the City, and the ways of the
great and the rich. This, too, he did; though he never learned
TSSStiSZT* ^ 8imple C "‘‘ t ° m8 habits of hia
He, too, like the other two, bade me a tender farewell
Poor Alice! ” he said, taking both mv hands u
“ What wilt thou do when I am goSc?” * ,n hw '
Indeed, sjueo Humphrey went away, we had been daily
companions; and at the thought of being thus left alone thn
teurd were running down my cheek*. L lue
“ Why, sweetheart,” he said, “ to think that I should ever
make thee cry-1 who desire nothing but to make thee alwnvs
laugh and be happy \\ hat wilt thou do ? Go often to my
mother. She loves thee as if thou wert her own daughter Go
and talk to her concerning me. It pleaseth the poor soul to be
still talking of her son. And forget not my grandfather. l>hiv
backgammon with him ; fill his pipe for him . sing to tli ■ spinnet
for him; talk to him about Humphrey and me. And forget
not Mr. Boscorel, my uncle. T.ie poor man looks as melon
eholy since Humphrey went away os a turtle robbed of her
lie t. 1 saw him yesterday opening one of his drawers full of
medals, and he sighed over them fit to break his heart lie
sighed for Humphrey, not for Ben. Well, child, what more?
Take Lance”— twas his dog—“for a run every day ■ make
George Sparrow keep an tyu upon Hie stream for otters-
and—there are a thousand things, but I will write them down’
Have patience with the dear old man when he will be stili
talking about me.”
“ Patience, Robin,” I said. “ Why, we nil love to talk
about thee.”
“ Do you all love to talk about me? Dost thou, too, Alice?
Oh, my dear, my denr I ” Here he took me in liis arms and
kissed me on the lips. “ Dost thou also love to talk about me?
Why, my dear, I shall think of nothing but of thee. Because—
oh I my dear I—I love thee with all my heart.”
Well, I was still so foolish that I understood nothing more
than that we all loved him, and he loved us all.
“ Alice, I will write letters to thee. I will put them in
the packet for my mother. Thus thou wilt understand that I
am always thinking of thee.”
He was ns good as his word. But the letters were to full
of the things he was doing and seeing, that it was quite clear
that his mind had plenty of room for up r - than one obiect.
To be sure, I should have been foolish, indeed, laid I desired
that lus letters should tell me that he was always thinking
about me, when he should have been attending to his business.
After n year iu London, his grandfather thought that he
should travel. Therefore, he went abroad and joined Hum¬
phrey at Montpellier, nnd with him rode northwards to
Leyden, where he sojourned while liis cousin attended the
lectures of that famous school.
CHAPTER VIII.
A ROYAL PROGRESS.
When all the boys were gone the time was quiet, indeed, for
those who were left behind. My mother’s wheel went spinning
still, but I think that some kindness on the part of Mr. Bose orc-1
as well as Sir Christopher caused her weekly tale of yam to be
of less importance. And as for me, not ouly would she never
suffer me to sit at the spinning-wheel, but there was so much
request of me (to replace the hoys) that I was nearly all the
day either with Sir Christopher, or with Madam, or with Mr.
Boscorel.
Up to the year 1680, or thereabouts, I paid no more atten¬
tion to political matters than any young woman with no
knowledge may be supposed to give. Yet, of course, I was
on the side of liberty, both civil and religious. How should
that be otherwise, my father being such as he was, muzzled
for all these years, the work of his life prevented and
destroyed?
It was in that year, however, that I became a most zealous
partisan and lover of the Protestant cause iu tlie way that I
am about to relate.
Everybody knows that there is no part of Great Britain
(not even Scotland) where the Protestant religion hath snp-
r jrters more stout and stanch than Somerset and Devonshire.
hope I shall not be accused of disloyalty to 0,uecn Anne,
under whom we now nourish and are happy, when I sey that in
the West of England we had grown—I know not how—to
regard the late misguided Duke of Monmouth ns the champion
of the Protestant faith. When, therefore, the Duke mine
into the West of England in the year 1680, five years before
Ills Rebellion, he was everywhere received with acclamations and
by crowds who gathered round him to witness their loyalty
to the Protestant faith. They came also to gaze upon the
gallant commander who had defeated both the French and the
Dutch, nnd was said (but erroneously) to he as wise as lie was
brave: nnd ns religious as he was beautiful to look upon. As
for his wisdom, those who knew him best have since assured
the world that he had little or none, his judgment being
always swayed and determined for him by crnlty and subtle
persons seeking their own interests. And as for his religion,
whatever may have been his profession, good works were
wanting—as is now very well known. But at that time, and
among oar people, the wicked ways of Courts were only half
understood. And there can be no doubt that, whether he was
wise or religious, the show of affection with which the Duke
was received upon this journey, turned his head and caused
him to think that these people would rally round him if be
called upou them. And 1 suppose that there is nothing
which more delights n Prince than to believe that liis friends
arc ready even to lay down their lives in his behalf.
At that time the country was greutly agitated by anxiety
concerning the succession. Those who were nearest the
throne knew that King Charles was secretly a Papist. " c in
the country had not learned that dismal circumstance: yet we
knew the religion of the Duke of York. Thousands there were,
like Sir Christopher him.-elf, who now lamented the return of
the King, considering Hie disgraces which had fallen upon tho
country. But wlmt was done could not be undone. They,
therefore, asked themselves if the nation would suffer an
avowed Papist to ascend a Protestant throne. If not, what
should be done? And here, ns everybody knows, was
opinion divided. For some declared that the Duke of
Monmouth, had he his rights, was the lawful heir; ana
others maintained, on the King’s own word, that lie
was never married to Mistress Lucy Waters. Therefore,
they would have the Duke of York's daughter, a Protestant
Princess, married to William of Orange, proclaimed Gneen.
The Monmonth party were strong, however, and it was even
said—Mr. Henry Clark, minister of Crewkem, wrote a pamphlet
to prove it—that a poor woman, Elizabeth l’areet by name,
touched the Duke (lie being ignorant of tlie thing) for King «
Evil, and was straightway healed. Sir Christopher laughed at
the story, saying that the King himself, whether he was
descended from a Scottish Stuart or from King Solomon him¬
self, could no more cure that dreadful disease than the seventn
sou of a seven tli son (as some foolish people believe), or tne
rubbing of the p rt affected by the hand of n man that had
been hanged (as others do foolishly believe), which is the reason
why oil the gibbets the hanging corpses arc always liiuidless.
It was noised abroad, beforehand, that the Duke was going
to ride through the west country in order to visit his fnenaa
JULY 28, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
99
nro'Tri'ss (it was mw.’ like a Royal i'vo;v .-s Ilian (lie
STnWaiStiwt. nobl.num) begun .nil. bis visit to Mr.
Th im i-i Tlivnue, of Louplvat House. Jt is nutl t int his chief
;'a«n for going to that house was t, connect himself with the
nhlbmtion of the tenant of Long’cut to fiivc the King-a wl h;s
a niffht’8 loJginj? when they vis ted that pait of the
comitn^Mr.Tliyinie, whocliteilain dthe IHikeoli tlnsocciisinn,
. Vll a the same who was aft rwants rnuukud in Ixinclon bv
'naiit Koniesnmrk. They called him “Tom of Ten Thousand."
The poet Un-den hath writt.n of this regress in that fm ,n
wlier in, under the fabled name of Ats.ilom, he figures the
' Tip now begins his pmgr:iw to er.lnin,
XVitii chariots, limn me i. anil a numerous train.
Fame runs before him as the laoniing star.
And sliouts of joy salute him f.om afar.
Bash h~M« recoins lam ns a giumlmn god,
Ant consecrates (ho place of lus abode.
It was for his hospitable treatment of the Duke that Mr.
Thvmie was immediately afterwards tit priced of the tomiiuiu l
of the Wiltshire Militia.
“Son-in-law,” said Sir Christopher, “I would ride out In
meet Hm Duke in respect to his l’rolestunt professions. As f. r
nay pretensions he may have to the success.on, I know nothing
ot 'Jl'x'wiU ride with you, Sir,” said (ho Ileetcr, “ to meet the
son of the King. And ns for any Trotostant professions, I
know nothing of them. His Grace slid remains, I believe,
within the pale of the Church ns by law established. Let us
nil ride out together.
Seeing that my father also rode with them, it is certain
that there were many and diverse reasons why so many
thousands gathered together to welcome the Dnke. Madame,
Robin’s motlur, out of her kind heart, invited me to accom¬
pany her, mid gave me a white frock to wear and blue ribbons
to pat into it.
YV'e made, with our servants, a large party. We were also
joined by manv of the tenants, with their sons and wives, so
that when we came to Ilch stcr, Sir Christopher was riding at
the hea l of a great company of sixty or more, and vi ry fine
thev looked, all provided with blue favours in honour of the
Duke.
From Bradford Or-as to Ilelicstcr is but six miles ns the
crow flies, but the ways (which are narrow and foul in winter)
do so wind and turn about that they add two miles at l.-ast to
tiie distance. Fortunately the season was summer—namely,
August —when the sun is hottest and the earth is dry, so that
no one was bogged on the way.
We started betimes—namely, at six in the morning—
because we knew not for certain at what time the Duke
would arrive at Ilcliester. When we came forth from the
Manor House the fanners were already waiting for us, and
so, after greeting- from his Honour, they fell in and followed.
We first took the narrow and rough lane which leads to the
high road: but, when we reached it, we found it full of people
riding, like ourselves, or trudging, statf in hand, all in the
same direction. Thev were going to gaze upon the Protestant
l)ake, who, if lie had his way, would restore freedom of con¬
science, and abolish the Acts against the Nonconformists. AVe
r slo through Marston Magna, but only the old people and the
little children were left there ; in the fields the ripe com stood
waiting to be cut; in the farmyards the beasts were standing
idle; all the liimls were gone to llehester to see the Duke.
And I began to fear lest rvh. u we got to llehester we should
be too late. At Marston we left the main road and entered
upon a road {call it a track rather than a road) across the
country, which is here fiat and open. In winter it is miry and
boggy,’ but it was now dry and hnid. This path brought us
ngaiii to the main road in two miles, or thereabouts, and here
we were but a mile or so from llehester. Now, such a glorious
sight as awaited us here I never expected to sec. Once again,
after five years, 1 was to sec a welcome still more splendid;
lmt nothing can ever efface from my memory that day. For
first, the roads, as I have said, were thronged with rustics,
and next, when we rode into the town we found it
Bill'd with gentlemen most richly dressed, and ladies so
beautiful, and with such splendid attire that it dazzled my eyes
to look upon them. Itwas a grand thing to seethe gentlemen
tike olf their hats and cry, “Huzza for brave Sir Christo¬
pher! ” Everybody knew’his opinions and on what side lie
had fought in the Civil Wnr. The old man bent his head,
mid I think that lie was pleased with this mark of tumour.
The town which, though ancient, is now decayed and hath
but few goixl houses in it, was made glorious with bright-
coloured cloths, carpets, flags, and ribbons. There were bands
of music; the bells of the church were ringing: the main
Street was like a fair with booths and stalls, and in the
market-place there were benches set up with white canvas
covering, where eat ladies in their fine dresses, some of them
with naked necks, unseemly to behold. A'et it was pretty to see
the long curls lying on their white shoulders. Some of them sat
With half-closed eyes, which, I have since learned, is the fashion
at Court, Mostly, they wore satin petticoats, and demi-
gowns also of satin, famished with a long train. Our place
was beside the old Cross with its gilt bull and vane. The
people who filled the strect-s came from Sherborne, from
hruton, from Shepton, from Glastonbury, from Laugport, and
from Somerton, and from all the villages round. It win
computed that there were twenty thousand of them. Two
thousand at least rode out to meet the Duke, and followed
artcr linn when lie rode through the town. And, oh ! the
snouting ns he drew near, the clashing of the bells, the beating
of the drums, the blowing of the horns, the firing of the guns,
U< it the more ro.se they made the greater would be the Duke.
Since that day I have not wondered at tile power which a
1 rmcc hath of drawing men after him, even to the death.
Acior was heir to the Crown received with such joy and
as . was this }'°tmg man, who had no title to the
' ™’ amt wai base-bom. A’et, because he was a bravo
or I, m ‘"i, mid comely, above all other young men, gracious
’ ancl r ' a i .' T with a laugh and a joke, and because lie
iv .1 , -- 1 .°, t tllu Kil *g. a "d the reputed champion of the
1 tl,e people could not shout too loud for him.
f],ir7, a ke was at 0l “ time ia the prime of manhood, being
"i’7 years , of a 3 e ; “At that age,” Mr. Boscor.l used
iiim„'.rf-i° Ul i.' V0 , ’'' she to remain if the body of clnv were
rti-iivii, i oo r t Kn the volatile humours of youth have been
w H, ' i Tho tmiu 01 follies lias passed; love is regarded
acaiunX vil r' vs of experience; knowledge has been
h.innv ’’t , £! °J n ye and . hand lias b,, “ gained, if one is so
r •a,.ii,.,i ■ j tolloiver ot art and music ; wisdom hath been
would i-M la ever to be attained. But wisdom,” he
of lire.” ’ ‘ S a quallty g eucral 'y lacking at every period
1 saa ’ the Duke,” he told ns while we waited,
wit', tlie kV‘ V TV" ’ St ' ,,anu ' s ’ s Park. He was walking
shuultl. r 118 hither, who had his arm about his son’s
inZ.! I '"'l^gmiled him fondly. At that time he was,
kept tint sinLilm' i v braut ?-. * el, PP osc ‘hat he hath not
the Court ' , • , ull , m ' s8 wliteh made him the darling of
exp-i tcil ' 11, ■’ "ah’cd, were not a tiling to he desired or
b'liaiiccllor o'/cambrilgc University.”^
Ami then all lints were pulled off, and the ladies waved
tlic&r handkerchiefs, and the uien shouted, and you would have
thought the bells would have pulled the old tower down with
tlu vehemence of their ringing; for the Duke was riding into
the town.
lie was no longer a beautiful boy, but a roan at wlioto
aspect every heart was softened. His enemies, in his presence,
tould not blame him; hi* friends, at sight of him, could not
pm be him, of such singular beauty was he I osscsscd. Soft-
nefs, gentleness, kindness, and goodwill reigned in his large
solt eyes: graeiousness .‘at upon liis lips, and all his face
seemed to smib as he voile slowly between the lane formed by
the crowd on cither hand.
What said the Fact Dryden in that same poem of liis from
which I have already quoted?—
Early in foreign field* he won renown
"With Kings and States allied to Israel’s crown;
In peace the thoughts of war he could remove.
And seemed um lie were only bom for love. *
Whnte’er he did was done with so much ease,
In him alone 'twos natural to please;
His motions all accompanied w ith grace,
Aud Paradise was opened in his face.
Now I hnvc to t-'ll of what happened to mo -the most in¬
significant person in the whole crowd. It chanced th it as the
Duke came near the spot beside the cross where we were
standing, the press in front obliged him to stop. He looked
nbnit him while he waited, smiling still and bowing to the
people. Presently his eyes fell upon me, and he whispered a
gentleman who rode beside him, yet a little in the rear. This
gent Ionian laughed, mid dir minuted. What was my confusic n
when he advanced towards me and spoke to me !
“Madam,” he said, calling me “Madam!”. “His Grace
would say one word to you, with permission of your friends.”
“Go with this gentleman, child,” said Sir Christopher,
laughing. Everybody laughs—I know not why—when a girl
is led out to be kissed.
“Fair White Rose of Somerset,” said his Grace—’twas the
most musical voice in the woild, and the softest. “Fair
White Ilosc”—he repeated the words—“let me be assured
of the welcome of llehester by a kiss from your sweet lips,
which I will return in token of my gratitude.”
All the people who heard these words shouted as if they
would burst themselves asunder. And the gentleman who
had led me forth lifted me so that my foot rested on the
Duke’s boot, while his Grace laid his arm tenderly round my
waist and kissed me twice.
“ Sweet child,” he said, “ what is thy name”
“ By your Grace’s leave,” L said, the words being very
strange, “ My name is Alice. I am the daughter of Dr. Com¬
fort Eykin, an ejected minuter. I have come with Sir
Christopher Clmllis, who stands yonder.”
“ Sir Christopher! ” said the Duke, as if surprised. “ Let
me shake hands with Sir Christopher. I take it kindly, Sir
Christopher, that you have so far honoured me.” So he gave
the old man, who stepped forward bareheaded, liis hand, still
holding me by the waist. “I pray that we may meet again.
Sir Christopher, and that before long.” Then he drew a gold
ring, set with an emerald, from liis forefinger, and placed it
upon mine, “ God grant it bring thee luck, sweet child,”
he said, and kissed me again, and then suffered me to
be lilted down. And you may be sure that it was with red
cheeks that I took my place among my friends. Yet Sir
Christopher was pleased at the noth e taken of him by the
Duke, and my father was not displeased at the part 1 had been
made to play.
When the Duke lind ridden through the town, many of the
people followed after, ns far as White Lackington, which is
close to Ilminster. So many were they that they took down a
great piece of the park paling to admit them all; and there,
under a Spanish chestnut-tree, the Duke drank to the health
of all the people.
At Ilminster, whither he rode a few days later; at Chard,
at Ford Abbey, at Ool.yton, and at Exeter—wherever he wont,
he was received \v*th the same shouts and acclamations. II is
no wonder, therefore, that he should believe, a few years l iter,
that tlioe people would follow him when li~ drew the sword
for llie I’rotcsiftnt religion.
One tiling is certain— that in the West of Falkland, fr mi
the progress of Monmouth to the Rebellion, there was un¬
easiness, with an anxious looking forward to troubled times.
The people of Taunton kept a? a day of holiday and thanks¬
giving the anniversary of the raising of Charles's siege.
When the Mayor, in 1083, tried to stop the eelcbr.ithn they
nearly stoned him to death. After this, Sir George J< ITroys,
afterwards Lord .Jeffreys, who took the spring circuit in 1081,
was called upon to report on the loyalty of the West country.
He reported that the gentry were loyal and well disposed. But
lie knew not the mind of the weavers and spinners of tl.e
country.
It was this progress : the sight of the Duke’s swc< t face ;
his flattery of me, and his solt words, and the ring lie gave
me, which made me from that moment, such a partisan of
his cause as only a woman can be. Women uumofc light, but
they can encourage those who do; and they can not only
ardently desire, but they can despise and contemn those who
think otherwise. I cannot tay that it was I who persuaded
our boys five years later to join the Duke : but I can truly fay
that I did and said all that, a woman can; that I rejoiced
when they did so; and that I should never have forgiven
Robin luid he joined the forces of the Papist King.
(To hr. cctilimted.)
INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGICAL CONGRESS.
The following arrangements have been made for the London
meeting of the International Geological Congress, which will
be held from Sept. 17 to 22. The nicclings will he held in
the rooms of the University of London. Burlington-gardeus,
where accommodation for the council, committees, exhi¬
bition, &c., has been granted by the Senate of the University.
The opening meeting of the congress will take place on
Monday evening, Sept. 17, at eight p.m., when the council will
be appointed, and the general order of business for the session
will bo determined. The ordinary meetings of the congress
will be held on tho mornings of Tuesday, the lSih. and suc¬
ceeding days, commencing at ten a.m. In the afternoons there
will be visits to museums, or to places of interest in the
neighbourhood of London. Arrangements for the evenings
will be made at a later date.
The ordinary business of the congress will include the dis¬
cussion of questionsnot considered at Berlin, or adjourned thcncc
for fuller discussion at the London meeting. Amongst these
are :—The Geological Map of Europe; the Classification of the
Cambrian and Silurian Rocks and of the Tertiary Strata ; and
some points of Nomenclature. «kc., referred to the congress by
the International Commission. Miscellaneous business will
also be considered. A special sitting will be devoted to a dis¬
cussion on the “Crystalline Schists.*’ Contributions on this
subject are expected from several foreign authorities; these
will be printed in advance, and will be distributed at tbo
opening meeting of the congress. The memoirs may there¬
fore be taken as “ read ” at the meeting, and the discussion bo
proceeded with at once. At one of the evening meetings
arrangements will be made for the exhibition of lantern-slides,
illustrating the discussion of the Crystalline Schists.
Excursions will take place in the week after the meeting
(Sept. 24 to 30). The number of these will depend upon tho
number of members desirous of attending; those at present
suggested are ;—1. The Isle of Wight (visiting the Ordnance
Survey Office at Southampton on the way). 2. North Wales,
3. East Yorkshire. 4. Norfolk and Suffolk. 5. Central
England (Jurassic Rocks). 6. West Yorkshire.
FOR -A-XTO-UST.
t_k„ .r
thy
Year.
S 1
8 20
5 1
5 20
211
9 2
9 38
5 54
0 27
215
10 15
10 51
7 3
7 10
216
11 26
11 56
8 16
8 51
217
: —
0 24
9 21
9 49
218
; 0 46
1 11
10 13
10 36
219
t 1 •’ll
1 55
10 59
U 20
220
, 2 15
2 34
11 40 11 59
221
| 2
3 12
—
0 17
222
! 3 30
3 50
0 37
0 55
223
1 9
4 30
1 15
1 31
224
•1 50
5 11
1 55
2 15
225
5 31
5 54
2 30
2 50
226
6 17
6 43
3 19
4 42
227
7 9
7 37
■1 8
•1 34
228
8 8
8 44
5 2
5 33
229
9 22
10 3
6 9
6 47
230
10 41
11 25
7 28
8 9
231
—
0 1
8 50
9 26
232
0 31
1 1
9 59
10 26
233
1 28
1 52
10 53
11 17
234
2 13
2 31
11 38
11 59
235
2 53
3 13
—
0 18
230
3 32
3 50
0 38
0 57
237
4 9
4 26
1 lA
1 34
238
•1 43
4 58
1 51
2 8
239
5 11
5 30
2 23
2 39
210
(> 5
2 55
3 11
241
(» *25
6 40
3 30
3 50
242
7 31
i n
4 34
243
8 4
8 38
4 59
5 29
241
ASTRONOMICAL OCCURRENCES FOR AUGUST.
The Moon will be near Mercury on th? morning of the 5th: she v ...
be near Saturn on the 7th ; and neir Venus «n the morning of the
8th; she will be very near Mare during the evening hours of the 13th,
the nearest approach will be at 9h p.m.; and she will be near, and n little to |
the right of, Jupiter on the 14th. Her phases or time* of change ?.ro
New Moon on the 7th at 21 minutes after 6 In the afternoon.
First Quarter „ Mth „ 44 „ 4
Full Moon „ 21st „ 2(» „ 3
I<nst Quarter „ 29th „ 18 ,. 2
She is nearest the Earth on the 14th, and most distant from it on the 28th.
Mkuithy Is a morning star, rising on the 1st at 2h 49m a.m., or Ih 37m
before the Sun rises; on the 4th at 2h 52m a.m„ or 111 38m before sunrise ;
on the 9th at 3h 13m a.m., or Hi 25m before the Sun rises; on the 14th at
3h 44m a.m.. or Hi lm before sunrise; on the 19tli at 4h 20m a.m,. or
33 minutes before the Sun rises; on the 21th at 4h 58m a.m.,or 3 minutes
before sunrise. He sets on the 19th at 7h 14m p.m., or 2 minutes after sun¬
set ; on the 24th at 7h lini p.m., or 12 minutes after the Sun sets; and on
the 30th at 7h 9m p.m.. or 20 minute* after sunset. Hr is near the Moon on
the 6th, and in ascending node on the same day. lie is at l*a>t dfsti.nuo
from the Sun on the Huh; is near Saturn on the llth; ar.d in superior
con.iunctlon with the Sun on the 2Hh.
vening star, setting on the 1-t at 8h 8m p.m., or 23 minutes
'"’ll 56 m p.m.. or 25 millin'’* after!"
after sunset
on the 2 ith
7h 21m p.m.
the 8i h.
' after
She it
Mai
: sets oi
2'ith at 9h 2ln
the 13th.
Ji imtek sets on the 1st at 1 lit !8m p.m.. on the 8ih at lnh aim p.m., «>»
the 18th at loh 1 tin p.m., mid on the 28ih at 9h 37m p.m. He is near the
Moon on the lull, and in quadrature with tin* Sun on Hie 2<>th.
Satuhn sets on the 1st at 7li 51m p.m.,or G minutes after the Sun sets;
on the 4th at 7h 44in pan., or 2 minutes after sunset. He rise* on the 9th at
th mil a.m., on the lath at 3h 2«m ;uii.. and on the 29th at 2h 56m a.m. He
is in conjunction with the Sun on the 2nd, and L* near the Mo m on the 7th.
“LA. PETT1N1ERA.”— BY CONRAD KIESEL.
PttOSI A rilOTOUllAl'll I»Y THE PHOTOGRAPHIC UNION, MUNICH.
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TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 23, 1SS3
ENGLISH HOMES.
No. XIV.
J^mttelsirg (§Qm%
HOME OF THE DYMOKES,
HEREDITARY CHAMPIONS OF ENGLAND.
i()f England, tin-last, Marn
I stone, according to an old tradition. is
still to bo seen in Scrivelsby church.
According to the generally received account, the Manor of
Scrivelsby was given by William the Conqueror to his favourite
Knight, Robert De Marmyon, who had accompanied him to
England, and whose ancestors at Fontenoy had long performed
the office of Champion to the Dukes of Normandy. A similar
duty was now attached to the holder of the Manor of Scrivelsby,
which was to bo held by grand Sergeantry, to perform the
office of Champion at the King's Coronation. The Champion¬
ship has never since been formally detached from the owner¬
ship of Scrivelsby, although the ceremony was performed for
the last time at the coronation of George IV., and although,
as we shall presently see, an unsuccessful attempt was made
in 1377 to transfer this particular duty to the Manor of
Tamworth, which had also been assigned to Robert De
Marmyon under apparently similar conditions.
The Marmion9 were a proud and powerful race, of vast
possessions in money, and land situated in different parts of
the country ; but they only continued to hold Scrivelsby, in
direct male succession, to the year 121)1. when Philip De
Marmyon, the last, bat by no means the least distinguished,
of a highly distinguished race, died without male issue, after
having acquired great fame in the Baronial wars under Simon
De Monfcfort, in the time of Henry III. As he was seised of
estates, at the time of his death, in Warwickshire, Stafford¬
shire. and Lincolnshire, his two surviving daughters shared
between them their father's inheritance, Scrivelsby falling to
Joan, the younger, who was only eight years old when her father
died, and was subsoquently married to Sir Thomas De Ludlow ;
while the elder sister, who was already married to Sir Alexander
Do Freville, succeeded to the more extensive estates of Tam-
worth. Brief, however, was the reign of the Ludlows at
Scrivelsby, for, on the death, without male issue, of the grand¬
son of Sir Philip Do Marmyon, Margaret, the only child of the
socond Thomas De Ludlow, succeeded to the Scrivelsby estate,
and was shortly afterwards married to a Knight of Gloucester¬
shire, Sir John Dymoke—a name destined to live long in con¬
nection with the Manor of Scrivelsby and the Championship of
the Sovereigns of Groat Britain.
Upon the death of Edward III. in 1377, Sir John Dymoke
claimed, on behalf of his wife, to act as Champion at the
coronation of Richard II.: but Sir Baldwin De Freville put in
n similar claim, as the lineal descendant of Sir Philip De
Marmyon’s eldest daughter, who had inherited the Taimvonh
estates. The Lord Steward of England held a solemn in¬
quisition to investigate the claims of the rival petitioners: bub
ai there was great room for doubt, the duties of the Champion¬
ship being apparently attached to the tenure of both estates, the
preponderance, however, of oral rather than of written testimony
being in favour of the Scrivelsby claim, it was adjudged that
for this particular occasion Sir John Dymoke, in right of his
wife, should do the service at Richard’s coronation, but with¬
out prejudice to any future claim that might be advanced by
Sir Baldwin De Freville. A limit, however, and that a brief
one. was assigned for advancing this claim, for it was decided
that “if within three weeks after Hilary next, Sir Baldwin
would come and show his reasons and evidences, he should
hiv j full justice, aud if he did not do so he should be for ever
excluded ; and the said John should do the aforesaid service,
i:i the right of his s\id wife, according to the tenor of lhe
petition in that behalf." Sir Baldwin failed to make good his
claim within the appointed time, and as Margaret was still
living at the date of the next corouation, and enjoying by-
t’lo-way the reputation of being a lady of very resolute will
and indomitable determination, she again claimed to perform
the service of the Championship, in the person of her son, Sir
Thomas Dymoke, who afterwards succeeded her. Again did a
Sir Baldwin Freville, of Tam worth, the son of old Sir Baldwin,
pnt in a counter claim, pleading that on the last occasion his
father was prevented by sickness from producing his “ reasons
arid evidences *’ within the stipulated time, nnd again was the
claim of the Dyraokoa Allowed for the occasion only, a stipu¬
lation being added that the case should not bo considered
finally settled if Sir Baldwin could, within a stated time, pro¬
duce evidence of his father’s alleged sickness. 'Ibis Sir
Baldwin either conld not or did not do. and consequently to the
By mokes was adjudged the right of performing the feudal
»*r.*ic3 of the Championship, which was now definitely
attached to the ownership of Scrivelsby Manor.
owing Weil-known ballad has oft been quoted in
with the Championship ; but it gives, in its own
homely language, such an accurate description of
story nf the successive owners of Scrivelsby that
is needed for once more reproducing it:—
Marmyon
Iirlil high degree:
• l Scrivelsby.
Scrlvcl&by.
sparkling star
brilliantly
it to plead,
band.
Ludlow won,
grant an l land,
Tin-
nd :
1 hint-id of Mannyoi
Out upon Time! the scurvy knave.
Spoiler of youth, hard-hearted churl.
Fast hurrying to one common grave
Good wife nnd ladle, hltul anil carl.
Out upon Time!—since world began
So Sabbath hath his greyhound limb,
III emu-sing man, devoted man,
To age and death—out, out on him!
In Lincoln's chancel, side by side.
Their effigies from marble hewn,
Tho an ni written when they died,
Itoposc Do Ludlow and Dame Joan.
One daughter fair survived alone,
One son deceased in infancy;
De laid low and Dc Marmyon
United thus 111 Margery.
lids have been.
And i
Whet
gal km
i maids
youths. !
suit, like
John D? Dymoke claim'd, of right,
'he Championship through Margery,
'gainst Sir Baldwin Freville. Knight,
‘recall'd as Lord of Scrivelsby.
ever since, when England's Kings
ire diadem'd no matter where
Champion Dymoke boldly fling:
should t
On gallant steed In armour brlj.
Ills vizor clos'd, and couch'd
Pmelafmcth he the Monarch’s r
To England, Ireland. Wales i
T hen bravely cry with Dymoke
“Long may the King trluinp
And when fair hands the scepn
More bravely still—“ Long lh
> then
mil France,
bold,
haul reign !'
From 1370 to the present time, a Dymoke of Scrivelsby has
always beeu available for performing the office of Champion
at each successive coronation. It is generally supposed that
at the conclusion of the ceremony it was the invariable custom
to present a gold cup to the Champion ; but as there are only
seven of these cups now in the possession of the family,
although it is highly probable that some have been lost or
otherwise disposed of, it is still more probable that in earlier
times a guerdon in money was given instead of the golden
cup. However this rnn 3 ' be, the following incident, in connec¬
tion with these coronation cups, is an apt illustration of the
old adage —Hawma propose, Dim dispose. By the last will of
Mr. II. Lionel Dymoke. in 1875. all the cups in hand were
bequeathed to the “ reigning Sovereign : ’’ but her Majesty,
Queen Victoria, with that gracious consideration for others
which is such a conspicuous feature in her character, recon¬
veyed them, by special gift, to her new Champion, the present
owner of the estates and title. These cups, therefore, instead
of being at Windsor and in danger of losing their individuality
amidst the other contents of the Royal plate-closet, are now,
through the thoughtful liberality of the Queen, to be seen
once more in their natural home at Scrivelsby, where, amongst
other records, they serve to keep up the continuity of the
family history by exhibiting, in material shape, one of the
most interesting and characteristic distinctions of the House
of Dymoke.
The name of “Dymoke,-" as might have been expected, was
nsually found on the roll of Sheriffs, and occasionally some
member of the family has represented the county in Parlia¬
ment. Most of the Champions have led peaceful and unevent¬
ful lives : but. ns was almost snre to happen in the turbulent
period or the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, a member of
this family i9 found, from time to time, taking n prominent
part in the political disturbances of the time, and once, at
least, a Champion was beheaded. This fate befel Sir Thomas
Dymoke, who had sided with the Lancastrians in the Wars of
the Roses, and was. under somewhat harsh circumstances, put to
death by Edward IV. in 1471. Another Dymoke was Sheriff
of Lincolnshire, in his father's lifetime, at the rising in the
North, which afterwards expanded into the “Pilgrimage of
Grace," under Robert Aske, and took an active part on the side
of the insurrectionists, much to tho indignation and disgust of
tho King, who vented his spleen against the commons of
Lincolnshire in a highly offensive, but characteristic fashion.
“ How presumptuous," said tho irate Monarch, forgetting his .
good manners in the unseemly expression of his wrath. •* How
presumptuous are ye, l lie rude commons of one shire, and that
one of the west brute and beastly of the whole realm, and of ,
least experience, to take upon you, contrary to God’s law and
man s law, to rule your Prince whom ye are bound to obey
and serve, and for no worldly cause to withstand.” Luckily
for our Sheriff, a general amnesty was shortly afterwards
proclaimed, so that he escaped with his head, which, con¬
sidering the temper of Henry VIII. at the time, must have been
in considerable peril. This same Dymoke, who afterwards be¬
came Champion, and acted as such at the coronation of
Edward VI.. Mary, and Elizabeth, was present at the barbarous
murder of the Chancellor of the Bishop of Lincoln on Ronghton-
heath. near Horncastle, in 1530, and he even distributed the
clothing nnd tho money taken from tho murdered man
amongst the rabble who had committed the murder.
The recent history of the family is interesting and remark¬
able. In the year 1875 Henry Lionel Dymoke died without
issue : and an end, to all appearance, had at last come to the
family of the Champion Dymokes. Bub even in this, which
seemed to be the darkest hour of the Dymoke family, the true
light was all the while unmistakeablv shining in the immediate
neighbourhood, though somewhat obscured by extraneous
surroundings. At the village of Tetford, near Horncastle, *i
Dymoke was living, around whom had always centred a tra¬
dition that in his person was represented the descendant of an
cider branch of the family, with even stronger hereditary
claims to the Championship than were to be found in the line
which for more than three generations had inherited the
family honours at Scrivelsby. The old entail, however, had
long been broken off ; and the Tetford Dymokes had no more
chance of establishing a legal claim to the succession at
Scrivelsby than any other of her Majesty's subjects. And yet,
in spite of all probability, the hereditary claim was acknow¬
ledged, and the succession of the Tetford branch was secured,
by one of those unexpected turns of Fortune's wheel which
serves from time to time to break the dull monotony of ordi¬
nary life, and to give an additional ze9b to the interest which'
is so generally taken in the vicissitudes of our chief county
families. When, after the death of Mr. H. Lionel Dymoke, in
1875, his last will was opened, it was found that the Scrivelsby
estate was bequeathed after the death of the widow of tho
deceased Champion, not, indeed, to the Tetford Dymoke by
special designation, but to “ the heir-at-law of John Dymoke,
who had died at Tetford in the year 1782." No one—not even
the testator himself—doubted that the Dymoke resident i.t
the time at Tetford was the lineal descendant of the Dymoke
named in the will; but it would seem as if the dying Champion
wished in this emphatic manner to signify his intention not
so much to benefit the individual as to redress a supposed
wrong which had been done to the elder branch of the
family about a hundred years ago. In accordance, how¬
ever, with the provisions of the will, Mr. Francis S.
Dymoke, of Tetford, in 1SS4 succeeded in establishing his title
to the Lordship of Scrivelsby, though not without much
trouble and expense. It might not seem a very difficult
matter for a gentleman to prove that he was the lineal
descendant of his great-grand father, especially when, rs in
the '
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Sir V
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BNTIiANCB TO TUB PAUK-
JULY 28, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
103
S.
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this casj, he was himself a landed proprietor, and hd
inherited property which had come to him by direct succession
from his grandfather and great-grandfather. Hut a hundred
years ago. registers were carelessly kept—never perhaps more
so than at the end of the last and the beginning of the present
century—and members of the Tetford branch of the D.vmoke
family hail an inconvenient habit of dying abroad, without
leaving any distinct trace behind them. At last, however,
every missing member was duly accounted for, every necessary
document was produced, and the Conrtof Chancery announced
with all solemnity that Mr. Francis Seaman Dymoke fully
answered the description in Henry Lionels will, and that ho
was consequently entitled to take possession of the Scrivclsby
Manor as the heir-at-law of the John Dymoke who died and
was buried at Scrivelshy in the year 1782.
To understand aright this testamentary disposition, it will
be necessary to go back to the year 17(50, when the Hon. Lewis
Dymoke died a bachelor, at the ripe age of ninety-one, after
having officiated as Champion at the Coronation of George T.
and George II., and having lived to the year when George III.
came to the throne, but not to the year of his coronation, which
did not take place before 1701. This Lewis Dymoke, whose
monument is a striking object in Scrivelshy church, seems to
have outlived all his natural heirs, and striving, we may well
believe, to act fairly by his kinsfolk, he instituted an inquiry
into the respective claims of the various members of the
family; but presently, losing himself in the bewildering
mazes of remote oousinhood, he bequeathed the Scrivelshy
estates to Edward, the grandson of John Dymoke, the third
son of Sir Edward, who died in 16G4. whereas a descendant of
Edward Dymoke, the tccond son of the same Sir Edward, was
then living at Tetford, in the person of John Dymoke, the very
man to whose heir-at-law the Scrivelshy Manor was bequeathed
by Henry Lionel in 1875. Edward Dymoke, however, who at
the time was engaged in business in London, succeeded to tho
Championship on the death of Lewis, in February, 17(50, and,
dying himself in September of tho same year, he was suc¬
ceeded by his son, John, who acted as Champion at the
coronation of George III. Thus, after the protracted life and
Championship of the nonageAarian Lewis, no less than threo
Champions appeared on the scene in the single year 1780.
This John Dymoke was followed in succession by his two
sons—Lewis, who died a bachelor in 1820, and the Rev. John,
who was Champion at the time when George IV. was crowned ;
but who, being in holy orders, was represented on the occasion
by his son Henry, afterwards well known ns Sir Henry
Dymoke, who, succeeding his father in 1828, died, without
mile issue, in 18(55, and was succeeded by his brother, John,
also in bolv orders, whose only son, Henry Lionel, bequeathed
the family estates, as above mentioned, to the present
proprietor.
The coronation of George IV. was the last occasion when
the ceremony of the Championship was performed. Most
people have read tho account of this ceremony as given by
Sir Walter Scott, but it may be worth while to repeat it here.
The service was, ** on the day of coronation, to ride, completely
armed, upon a barl>evl horse, into Westminster Hall, and there
to challenge the combat against any who would gainsay the
King's title. At the coronation of George IV. the duty of
Champion was performed (as of right) by young Dymoke, a
fine-looking youth, but bearing, perhaps, a little too much the
appearance of a maiden Knight to be the challenger of the
world in the King's behalf. lie threw down the gauntlet,
however, with becoming manhood, and showed as much horse¬
manship as the crowd of knights and squires around him would
permit to be exhibited. On the whole, this striking part of the
exhibition somewhat disappointed me, for I would have had the
Champion less embarrassed by his assistants, and at liberty to
put his horse on the grand jm* ; and yet the young Lord of
Scrivelshy looked anil behaved extremely well.”
The county of Lincoln does not challenge comparison with
such counties as Derbyshire, Kent, or Devon for romantic
views or mountain scenery: but it has its own special charms
and attractions for those who are strong enough to enjoy the
bracing air, and sufficiently appreciative of the beauties of
Nature to revel in the glorious sunsets and the wide prospects
which can only be seen to advantage in a comparative*/ flat
country.
Indeed, we have heard of a bold assertion made by an
enthusiastic native that Lincolnshire is the healthiest county in
England, and his own particular village the most charming
village in Lincolnshire. That village must surely have been
Scrivelshy, for, though on a small scale, it is a very oasis in a
somewhat uninteresting neighbourhood. It is well wooded,
and the park, which is abundantly studded with deer, is so
ingenionsly laid out as to give the appearance of being much
larger than it really is; and wc can easily understand the
tradition that comes down to us from old coaching days—that
the drive through Scrivelshy was looked forward to as a
special treat, and that many a weary traveller has oft times
hoen refreshed by the sight of the charming glades and beau¬
tiful timber which still attract everyone who has the capacity
for enjoying tranquil sylvan scenery.
Scrivelshy Court is a mansion of the Tudor order of archi¬
tecture, not very large or imposing in appearance, but prettily
situated, and quite sufficient for tho ordinary requirements of
a country gentleman. It has more than once suffered from
ure, and the consequent repairs and rebuildings give it an
irregular appearance. Part of the house is very old. and part
comparatively modern, the greater portion consisting of tho
house that was built after the great fire that occurred tennis
the end of the last century. It is much to be regret d that
oa that occasion one of the special features of the resid no of
the old Champions was entirely consumed. This was a large hall,
ornamented with panels, each one of which had its own special
tale to tell of the former glories of the house. In these panels
could be traced, we are told, in heraldic emblazonment the
various arms and alliances of the family, and great and irre¬
trievable was the loss to tbo antiquary by the destruction of
this series of historical representations. A few years ago
might be seen in the corridor leading to the principal apart¬
ments a series of figures in complete armour, supposed to
represent the different Champions that had taken j»art in suc¬
cessive coronations. Some of these coats of armour were of
great value, being plentifully ombellished with gold and
ornameutal devices of exquisite workmanship; but these,
unhappily, have entirely disappeared, and their place is now
occupied by one or two figures in armour of no great value or
interest.
The Armoury, one of the most characteristic features of
Scrivelshy Court, stands at the right hand of the principal
entrance, and bristles with warlike implements of every kind.
Here are to be seen, on a small scale, all the paraphernalia of
a medieval knight, horse accoutrements in every variety,
richly-embroidered saddles and tasscllated bridles, stirrups
and bits with pendant ornaments, trappings and frontlets for
the steed with greaves and gauntlets fir the rider, massive
swords for the battle-field and dainty little swords for tho
drawing-room, pikes and halberds and lances of every size and
description, the ponderous mace to stun the foe and the light
dagger to give him the conn dr grave, swinging instruments
for crushing at a distance ana sharp poignards for use at close
quarters, bucklers and breastplates and cuirasses—the whole
array constituting an apparatus sufficiently extensive to satisfy
the personal requirements of the most bellicose warrior of
ancient times, while it forms a very remarkable contrast to
the weapons in use at the present day. There is also a leathern
flagon or black-jack of huge capacity, which, when filled
with beer or wine, no Champion, however stalwart, conld
easily raise to his lips, and which no thirsty soul, however
anxious to distinguish himself, could possibly empty at a
draught, even after the heavy fatigue of a coronation day in
Westminster Hall!
A few family portraits by old masters, and of different
degrees of excellence, arc to be seen in the dining-room, where
is also a life-size portrait of young Henry Dymoke, as ho
appeared at Westminster in 1828, njounted on his charger,
fully armed and accoutred for the bloodless duties of the
Championship, which, as the representative of his father, he
performed at the coronation of George IV.
The village of Scrivelshy is situated some two miles and a
half from Ilorncastle, the central town of Lincolnshire, and
famous all the world over for its great horse-fair. Taking the
Southern-road—the old coach road to Boston and London—we
reach Scrivelshy by a gentle rise, which, though in the )>arish
of Ilorncastle. is generally called “Scrielshy Hill." As we
pass the boundary line which separates Scrivelshy from Horn-
castle we are at once conscious of passing into a different
atmosphere, and into different surroundings. No longer a bare
prospect, with only an occasional tree to relieve the monotony of
the view, hut a sudden plunge into small copses at the extreme
edge of a deer park, a distant sight of pleasant coverts giving
hopes of abundance of game, the cheery appearance of a cock
pheasant hurrying across the road to join his mates on the
other side, an occasional hare or two, and, as wo go forward,
troops of rabbits scampering to their burrows at the roots of
many nn aged tree, all betoken the approach to a gentleman’s
seat. As we reach the park itself, and catch sight of the deer
scudding away at the sound of approaching wheels, we pause
a moment to admire the view, and to take stock of the
beautiful timber. A few steps bring us to the gardener's
ivy-clad cottage, and to tho chief entrance to Scrivelshy
Court, up a slight winding incline, hemmed in close with
trees on either side, forming a natural archway overhead,
and affording a subject for a telling sketch, which at different
times has been taken by many an artist and amateur. Here, at
the entrance to the park, a little to the left,and facing the road
leading to the Rectory, stands the famous Lion Gate, so-called
from the lion which stands on a stone archway, which
is covered with ivy, and gives abundant evidence of
old age. The careful observer will not fail to notice on the
right-hand side of the arch a rude, but curious, cutting, giving
a rough delineation of the etymology of the name of Dymoke.
An oak-tree is plainly visible, the stem of which divides into
two equal portions the letters R D Y M O K, which in all pro¬
bability may be taken to signify that the arch was built by
Sir Robert Dymoke, who was Champion at the coronations of
Richard III., Henry VII., and Henry VIII., and that the name
of Dymoke is derived from an oak-tree. To this derivation
agrees the description which is found in ancient charters of
the family name, which is represented as Dimoak, dr umbrona
i/urreu, Dimok, Dimmock, and so on through various changes
to Demok, Dimock, Dymok, till we come at last to Dymoke,
which is now, and has been for a long time, the descriptive
title of this ancient family. It has sometimes been gravely
asserted that the punning motto of the house. Pro rrgr diwiro,
contains the germ from which the family name is derived;
but it is evident that the name was cleverly adapted to give
point to the motto, not that the motto suggested the name.
The Dyrookcs can trace their history further back than to
their connection with Scrivelshy and the Championship. They
came originally from Gloucestershire ; but by the marriage of
Sir John Dymoke to Margaret Ludlow, in the fourteenth
century, the name of the original Champions, Manny on and
Ludlow, disappears, and is merged in that of Dymoke, which
“ holds the field ” to the present day.
SOME OF THE CORO NATION CUPS.
Scrivelshy church is a rather disappointing building. It
stands in an unusually large churchyard of nearly two acres,
and is very prettily situated, but it has no pretensions to
architectural beanty,and until quite a recent period it had no
spire to relieve the appearance, which it nsed to present, of a
long nave attached to a steep-roofed chancel. In the year
1800, however, the Champion of the time, Sir Henry Dymok''.
who was always foremost in every good work, took advantage
of a general restoration which was being carried out by the
parishioners, to erect a spire, which is exactly identical with
the spire of the neighbouring church at Wood Endcrby, which
was built at the same time, and at the sole charge of Sir Ilenrv
Dymoke. The interior of Scrivelshy church has l>een fitted
up with new woodwork, in the time of the present Rector, and
though the building is, apparently, too large for the scanty
population, it is well adapted for the orderly and reverent
celebration of Divine service. A handsome screen separatis
the chancel from the nave, and jnst without the screen on tho
north side is a tomb, with a beautifully-preserved brass plate,
which bears the following inscription
Jhnr Iiriftt I fir fcotn.i or sir Kobnt Dnr.oke of Smbrlsb#
fcniabt baronet tobo Srpatlt# otol of tins prrornt Iijfr Ibt
ib bag » ( Sfvil in ge srrt of one lor# go# ui#lxb upon
totposr sotolc almtgbtt go# babe m’n amen.
This inscription is remarkable as describing the Champion,
who died in the reign of Queen Elisabeth, by tho title of
Baronet, a title which, as every schoolboy knows, nos first
introduced into England by King James 1, The probable
explanation is that the tomb was not erected till many years
after Sir Robert's death, and that the sculptor, who was be¬
coming familiar with the new title of Baronet, substituted Unit
word for Banneret, the word which was probably contained in
the instructions given to him by some member of the Dymoke
family. The church also contains two recumbent effigies in
stone, on raised platforms, representing a knight in chain-
armour of the thirteenth century, and his dame, with tbo
wimple on her head and the favourite dog at her feet, which,
as has been mentioned above, are supposed to be the figures of
Sir Philip Marmyon and his wife, who were the lust of the
Marmyons who lived at Scrivelshy. In different pmrts of 'ho
church may be seen the marble monument to old Lewis
Dymoke, and moral tablets to the Hon. John and his two
sons, Lewis and the Rev. John Dymoke the elder, both of
whom succeeded to the Championship. There is also a tablet
to the memory of Sir Henry Dymoke, who died in lStiB, ami
over whose grave in the adjoining churchyard lias been
erected a handsome canopied marble monument which hears
a suitable inscription to the memory of himself and sbo
of his dame, who died in London and was buried st
Scrivelshy in the year 1*84. A memorial window to the
same lady, ill rich painted glass, has boon recently pints d
in Scrivelshy church by Captain Hartwell and liis wife, wl o
was the only child of tile late Sir Henry and Lady Dymoke.
Outside the church, at its north-western extremity, is a hand¬
some and conspicuous churchyard cross to the memory of Henry
Lionel Dymoke. the last of that branch of the family which
for little more than half a century enjoyed the Scrivelshy in¬
heritance. Near this cross is a stone recording the death and
interment at Paris, together with the re-interment at Scrivelshy
after an interval of fivo years, of Mary Anne, widow of the
Hon. and Rev. John Dymoke, the younger, who was Champion
from the time of his brother Henry's death, in to his
own death, in 1873, when he was succeeded by his son Henry
Lionel, who only survived his father for the short space of
two years.
In concluding this brief account of the interesting asso¬
ciations which cluster thick around tbo historical records of
Scrivelshy Court, it is impossible to forbear a passing sigh of
regret at the discontinuance of the ancient ceremony of the
Championship at the coronation of our Kings and Queens,
which, though possibly tinstiiUs] to this prcsaic and utilitarian
age, was, at least, a connecting link with our past history, and
was not without its own special interest to the lovers of
tranquil and orderly government. But although the appear¬
ance of an nrmeel Champion in Westminster Hall may be no
longer necessary to symbolise the readiness of a loyal people to
rally round the Sovereign in the hour of need, the role of the
Champion Dymokes is, happily, not yet plnycel out. 1 here arc
other and more peeaccf ul duties besides those connected with
the Championship—duties which are inseparable from tho
position of a country gentleman, resident on nn estate which
has been in the occupation of his ancestors for more than COO
years. And now that this ancient family is beginning a
new chapter in its eventful history, we may be permitted to
echo the general wish that, like tho sapling from which
it takes its name, it may strike deep its roots, and crown
with many a well-earned wreath in years to come tlio
bearers of the time-honoured title—the Champion Dymokes of
ScrivcLby. SAMCEL Lcdce.
I
L
iSR
>N NEWS, Jlly 28, 1888.—105
H) M E S.—N o. XIV.
p >KES, HEREDITARY CHAMPIONS OF ENGLAND.
1
JULY 28, 1888
10G
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NEW hooks.
f'iifhtinrf I VIV.?. Lives of Sir Kraucix Vere awl Sir Horace
V T.‘. Lord Yore of Tilbury, By Clements R. Markham, C.B.
(Sampson Low and To.).—The tercentenary commemoration
of the defeat of the Spanish Armada, which was the turning-
point of English intervention to aid the people of the Nether¬
lands in their heroic struggle for freedom, gives a special
interest to thiB valuable historical work. The author has long
since gained public esteem by his labours as secretary to the
liaklu.vt Society and to the Royal Geographical Society,by bis
learned researches, his personal surveys, and his share in
different explorations in the Arctic Regions, in South.Araericn,
in India, and in Abyssinia, and by literary productions of an
instructive kind. He is intimately conversant with the
naval and military history of the sixteenth and seven¬
teenth centuries, and has made diligent study of local
antiquities and biographical documents concerning the
worthy Englishmen whose deeds are recorded in this volume.
It? title, though sufficiently promising of talcs of warlike
adventure, docs not. we think, at all do justice to its real
importance as a contribution to general history. The lack of
a full and accurate narrative, in English, of the actions of our
countrymen, during more than half-a-century, in the great
conflict for political and religions liberty on the shores of
Holland and Flanders, and in Brabant and Gelderland, has
often been felt. Neither Mr. Motley nor Mr. Fronde has
supplied this deficiency : Mr. Froude's history of the reign
of Elizabeth tells ns very little, nud with extraordinary mis¬
takes. of the incidents that took place in the Netherlands from
l.-,s.-> to 1.-.S1I, bevond which date it is silent. We are much
indebted, therefore, to Mr. Clements Markham for supplying,
in the guise of mere biographical memoirs, a very complete
and comprehensive special account of this memoratde series of
transactions which redound to the honour of the English
nation. Of the two distinguished brothers, Francis Vere, born
about Infill, and Horace Vere. born in 15115, grandsons of the
Vere who was fifteenth Earl of Oxford, at one of the family
residences near Colchester, the first joined the military force
under the Earl of Leicester, sent to aid the Dutch nt tlio end
of 1583. and was from August. 15811, when Lord Willoughby,
the successor to Leicester, had retired, actually in command of
the Eu'dish troops. Sir Francis Vcrc was chiefly employed in
that service until Ifinfi, with the exception of sharing in the
expeditions of the Earl of Essex to Cndiz, in 13', ill. and next
year to the Azores. Horace Vere. who began serving
under his brother ill l.VM, remained ill the Netherlands,
performing brave actions and holding important others,
till liil'.l: ho commanded the English troops in (lie Palat¬
inate during three or four years, and in 11124 was again
in Holland, making a skilful hut unsuccessful effort to
relieve the besieged garrison of Breda. Nearly forty years
of English action in the Low Countries " will thus lie fouiut
comprised in their united biography : and it is not so much
for the personal interest of the career of these •• Fighting
Veres,” as for the popular and national character of the cause
in which they fought, that wc care to learn how it was
conducted. Queen Elizabeth licrself deserves no praise what¬
ever for the help willingly given by her subjects, mostly
volunteers serving at tlieir private cost, to the oppressed
Dutch and Flemings. She was neither a true Protestant, or
at all fricndlv to the rights of conscience, nor was she favour¬
ably disposed to claims of civil freedom ; but she complied
with all irresistible movement of public opinion, while often
dealing perfidiously with those whom she pretended to assist.
Before the execution of Mary Stuart. Elizabeth secretly
bet rayed the Flemings The whole war against Spanish ty ranny
and Popish persecution was never so much the Queen's war
ns the English people's war. Mr. Markham’s suggrs!ion,
that it had the effect of originating, at, least of develop¬
ing. those ideas and sentiment! to which are owing (ho
English Revolution of the seventeenth century, the progress
of constitutional liberty in this country, and the rise of the
United States of America, does not appear to us much over¬
strained. Thev were English and Dutch ideas, in the Eliza¬
bethan period, but were not Elizabeth's ideas, and she would
rather have extinguished them if she could. As for her
favourite, Leicester, a personage grossly maligned by romance,
nirl not guilty of the heinous crimes imputed to him. wo
believe, with Mr. Markham, that he was zealous, like his nephew.
Sir Philip Sidney, who repelled the calumnies against him, in
his devotion to the Protestant cause. The misconducted action
of Zotpbcn. ill which Sidney lost his life, was just such a
military blunder as that of Balaklava in the Crimea. Leicester
was not a skilful general, hut he did liis best with his moderate
ability : and his successor. Lord Willoughby, whom Mr. Fronde
ignores, did excellent service. Though Mr. Markham refrains
from exposing Mr. Froude's careless superficiality, it is worth
while, for instance, to compare the correct and minute account of
the defence of Bergen-op-Zoom, and the stratagem by which the
Spaniards were defeated there, with the slighting mention of it
by Mr. Fronde, who s|»aks of a Colonel Griinstone ” as lieing in
command when the Duke of Parma was deceived by allowing
him to approach tho North Fort, relying on the protended
consent of some officers to let him in. The fact is that
Griinstone was an obscure underling of no rank, who bad
detected the offers of treachery, and that Lord Willoughby, in
personal command of the garrison, aided by Francis Vcrc,
adroitly took advantage of them, inflicting a severe repulse on
the enemy. Mr. Fronde is seldom to he relied upon for the
truth respecting military actions, and his statements of diplo¬
matic and political negotiations are coloured to suit his partial
views. We find much ground, on the contrary, to trust
Mr. Markham, whose very instructive book, containing precise
details of every notable incident, an exact topographical
and picturesque description of every notable place, with
abundance of good maps and plans, and a particular account
of the organisation, equipment, atnl methods of operation of
the Spanish army, will s»[>ersede all other English historical
writings on this subject. It is a narrative of great interest,
temperately and clearly related with a justifiable modest pride
in English valour; and we should like, if our space permitted,
to follow it through many campaigns and sieges, from Flush¬
ing. Slays, and Itergen-op-Zoon) to Breda, to the Westphalian
frontier, to Gertrnydenficrg ami to Groningen, to tho Bommcl-
waart. to Nieuport and Osteml. and to Bois - le - Due
and Macstricht in 1(13.’, where the Fighting Veres.” with
hundreds of gallant English volunteers, fought again and
again for the rights of free nations and for religious liberty.
The independence of the Netherlands has ever been regarded
as essential to the safety of England ; and. if the neutrality of
Belgium or Holland were hereafter invaded by any great
Continental Power, we earnestly trust that our countrymen,
who defended those lauds against Philip II.. against Louis XIV.,
and against Napoleon, would once more rise to the emergency,
however indifferent they may be to a:iv other territorial
changes in Enropc.
r:„■ Prima Dmim,: Her History and Surronndings from
the Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Century. By H. Sutherland
Edwards. Two vols. (Remington and Co.).—A well-chosen
collection of anecdotes and te-tiiuoaiea concerning the famous
and charming persons who have won public favour as female
S 10
performers of dramatic music cannot fail to he entertaining.
Mr. Sutherland Edwards, as a learned and experienced musical
critic and a skiDti! compiler of anecdotal literature, was
excellently qualified for (his task ; ami his recent work has an
especial interest just now, in view of the uncertain prospects
of Italian Opera. In tho progress of the fine arts, one may
say, the only notable advance of modern times besides land¬
scape-painting. has been the combination of elaborate singing
with stage acting. The female sex have gained more celebrity
than male singers, through the superior flextbihty of voice,
which, in some cases, for instance m that of Madame Catalani,
has vied with the utmost effects of single instrumentation.
At the same time, though mere prettiness is no special qualifi¬
cation for an actress striving at powerful expression, a
graceful womanly figure, with a face capable of repre¬
senting the passions, is a needful agent to produce tl.c
romantic and emotional effects of the lyrical drama.
Women successful in this line of art must he endowed
with physical vigour, but can dispense with the gift of regular
beau tv, and are not, by any necessary demand of their work,
highly intellectual women. Their lives are nevertheless apt
to be interesting, while it is bnt just to say of them, as a class,
that, considering the temptations of celebrity, their private
characters, in a long list, bear comparison with those of most
other ladies living within reach of luxury and fashion. 11ns
is certainly true of some who have attained tho highest
eminence ; and the “ chroniquo scandalcuse,'’ relating to a few
less important artists who were in vogue on account of their
feminine attractiveness, and two or three of whom finally
married Englishmen of rank, is but very little touched 111
these volumes. The besetting sins of the prima donna were
rather, in the last century, a furious jealousy of her pro-
fessional rivals; and, in later times, a pecuniary greediness
for which her vast opportunities might afford sufficient excuse.
But it is disagreeable to dwell on the faulLs of persons who
Jiavo given so much pleasure to mankind, and several of
whom, in our own day, have been esteemed fer their
generosity, amiability, and domestic virtues, as well as
their good sense and discretion. Wc of this genera tic n can
take up Mr. Sutherland Edwards’ gallery of first-rate opera-
singers. in the middle of his first volume, with almost con¬
temporary interest, having perhaps heard our parent.- speak
of their hearing Catalani, who sang in London or Dublin so
lately as 1N2S. The visit here, soon afterwards, of the great
composer Rossini, with l.is wife, who had been Madcnioncl.o
Col bran, a native, of Spain, and a fine interpreter of Ins mimic,
was an event to be remembered. Madame Pasta, till her
retirement in 1839; Friiulein Kontag (Countess Rossi), who
died in 1854, having returned to the stage after eighteen years
retirement; and Madame Malibran, whose husband was the
Belgian violinist, De Beriot, and whose career was unhappily
stopped by an untimely death in 183U, were admired by our
ciders. Their personal characters, and the incidents of their
history, as well as tlieir noble gifts of song and of telling
expression, merit the place here allotted to them. Sontag.
the wonder and the darling of Germany, and Malibran (born
Marietta Garcia), whose versatile cleverness and delightful
vivacity, shown in various ways among her private acquaint¬
ance, arc described by Moscheles in delightful par-sages ol
his journal, are singularly attractive subjects. But there
is a vet stronger interest, to onr mind, in the life of
Grisi and Mario, a happily wedded couple who. for nearly
thirty years, mutnally aided each others studies and per¬
formances, in beautiful companionship, and of whose true¬
hearted frankness and kindliness, the wanntli of tlieir family
affections, and their simple tastes and habits at home, this
book gives a very pleasing account. The great era of Italian
opera is past; those com positions of Rossini. Donizetti. Bellini,
and Verdi, which once had power to stir the sympathetic
imagination, as well as to gratify the sluis.s, beyond all other
entertainments, may hereafter be cast aside : but no one who
ever hoard Grisi in ** Norma.” or the prison duet in ** II Irova-
tore," sung by Grisi and Mario, can lose the impression of that
dramatic music. Of their genial manners, and of their pure
and refined enjovments in private life, wo learn a good deal
from Mr. Willert Beale, and from Mrs. Godfrey IVarso, one of
the daughters of Madame Grisi and Signor Mario, in some
notes supplied bv them to Mr. Sutherland Edwards. 11 is
second volume begins with a short memoir of Jenny Lind, the
late Madame Goldschmidt, whose career on the opera stngc
was indeed very brief, and who soon relinquished even singing
at public concerts ; but whose exquisite natural gifts of voice,
feeling, and artistic capacity have scarcely been excelled, and
whose sweetness of nature made her the object of enthusi¬
astic popular affection forty years ago. Madame Bcsio,
removed from an admiring world, like Malibran. by
an early death, occupies the next chapter ; iu which
also the author, who was at Moscow in IS.K». r.t the coronation
of Alexander II., minutely describes Glinka’s celebrated
Russian national opera, •• Life for the Czar.” The successor to
Grisi, as wc may consider Ti liens was, seems to have had no
adequate successor in the classic characters of grand Italian
opera; and Mr. Suth: rlaml Edwards has not. apparently, a
very sanguine hope of its restoration to its former importance.
In the remaining chapters of his work, as might be anticipated,
the principal figures are those of Adelina Patt i, Pauline Lucca,
and Christine Nilsson, three distinguished contemporaries
whose success has been most conspicuous: and Madame
Albani, the wife of Mr. Ernest Gye,a lady of French Canadian
birth, whose original name was Lajcunessc. Ilcr most
remarkable performances in England being associated with
Wagner's compositions, wc have some critical and historical
notice of these in the chapter devoted to Madame Albani.
Public interest being still fresh and lively, at the present day.
in what regards Madame Patti and Madame Nilsson, we need
only refer to Mr. Sutherland Edwards as a competent
recorder of matters within tl.c recollection of all who
care for the opera, and for its leading performer* of
recent date. Many other ladies of some note are disposed
of by him in 4i A Flight of Prime Donne *’: and his
candid remarks on their position, and on the management
of London opera theatres, are worthy of due attention. It
would seem that the “ prima donna,” by her inordinate
demands, has killed and devoured the opera as a remuner¬
ative enterprise, and as a satisfactory artistic representation
of grand works. Paying one lady at the rate of £.'»<«> a
night makes it impossible to employ good singers and actors
in the accompanying parts; and there is an end of dramatic
combination.
POSTACE FOR FOREICN PARTS THIS WEEK.
JULY 28, 1888.
Subscribers will please to notice tlmt copies of this wc
nhmoil must tie prrpaiil accor.llmr to tlio follow!
l-'nltoil Stales of America, amt the whole of Kuroist. Thick Khitiox,
TirnjMnre-fuil/iM'imy; Tins linrnoN. One 1’inni/. To Australia, lirazfl.
Oa|>o of fiooil Hoi*. China (via I'nitcl Stalesi. Jamaica. Mauritius, amt
New Zcalan.l. Thic k Kihtki.v, Threrinnre ; THIN K'tt rms, One Prinol.
To China (riii lirilnllsli, In.lla, ant Java. THICK lililTlox, Fuurpcun-
htfjninit/; Thin Kiiitiux. Thne-h,Of inner.
Ni-ws|iopel’s tor forelirii parts niiisi lie |»,stcil within flfhl .l.us of the
cl its. of publication, trrc’i’ccilvL’ uf tho departure of the mall.-.
Tin: LADIES’ COLUMN.
Very Irish is much of the management of the Irish Exhi¬
bition. The grounds are. up to this moment, in a state of
squalid-looking dirt and disorder, the grand stand is yet in
process of building, and the special attractions — feats of
horsemanship and the like—can hardly be presentable till the
time comes for the whole affair to end. The Fancy Fair held
there from July 17 to 20 was, however, quite properly pre¬
pared—no doubt because a committee of ladies managed it!
All drawbacks arose from the narrow and dark condition of
tho wood and cardboard structure called the “ Irish Village-
street,” in which the fancy fair was held. The pushing was
the most appalling that I ever experienced at such an event,
and the darkness of the stalls, necessitating artificial light,
raised the temperature so high that really the ladies who
remained there for hours displayed downright heroism. A
groat many titled women gave their services as sellers; tho
object being to recoup the expenses of bringing to the Exhi¬
bition for sale the work of Irish peasant women. There were
ten stalls, covered with the usual fancy goods, and a special
display of Irish products.
Princess Alary, Duchess of Teck, opened tho fair. Her
Royal Highness, of course, wore black; her gown being of plain
and moire silk stripes, and her bonnet of tulle with feather
aigrette. To the general regret, the pretty, bright Princess
Victoria Mary was absent from tho scene, but there were
dozens of lovely maidens helping their mammas or friends at
most of the stalls ; nearly all the girls were dressed in white
muslin or lace with sashes of various colours. Foulard dresses
were most popular with the married ladies, and, indeed, no
material can make better fete-gowns, elegant, simple, and
iincrnshablc all at once.
Amongst the group of patronesses awaiting the arrival of
the Princess at the door of Olympia. Lady Aberdeen, with her
three sweet little children, attracted great attention. Tho ex-
Vicereine of Ireland wore a gown of white Irish poplin, made
with a round boilv. and a narrow belt and hanging reticule of
green poplin. Limerick lace formed a short drapery at tho
top of the tablier ; Irish moss composed the foundation and
tho coronet of the bonnet, the green ribbon strings of
which were fixed by three little shamrock brooches of Irish
spar, while a necklace of shamrocks in the green Con¬
nemara marble finished a costume carefully and kindly
thought out to compliment the country concerned. ’Jlio
little 5 Lord Haddo and his tiny brother were dressed like Irish
peasants, in grev frieze coat and knee-biceelies and green
knitted stocking's, the get-up being carried out even to the
extent of a short pipe and a few half-burnt mate-lies stuck in
the hat-baml of the soft low round cap ; while small Lady
Marge Hamilton-Gordon, a pretty child of eight, hud on a
blue check cotton jicasant's gown turned up over a green
frieze petticoat. There was a very charming gracious intention
ill all this, and Lady Aberdeen can lack only one qualification
for being nil acceptable Vicereine to tho Irish—that she is not
Irish but Scotch. Another ex-Viceroy's wife there was Countess
Spencer, in black silk, with a grey net bonnet embroidered in
steel heads and trimmed with grey ribbon. The reigning
Vice-Queen, the Marchioness of Londonderry, was one of tho
chief ornaments of the occasion, her vivacious and airy style
uiakin" her a model mistress of the flower-stall, where sus¬
ceptible gentlemen from the wikis of the provinces gladly
paid her a shilling each for her roses provided she placed the
flowers in tlieir buttonholes. Lady Londonderry looked
charming in a foulard dress with a white ground and a
pattern of bine wheat-ears over it. and a love of a bonnet in
white tulle, trimmed up the back and high in front with white
“ traveller's joy " or wild jessamine and white moire ribbon.
Lady Salisbury, in black-striped foule, with a triangnlar
vest of black moire back and front and jet epaulettes, also sold
at the flower-stall. The Duchess of Manchester was there also,
wearing a superb white poplin dress, trimmed gold passement¬
erie. Countess Ilelawarr, in a pretty gown of transparent
laee and heliotrope silk ribbon alternate stripes, sold books and
photographs. The Countess of Caledon, wearing white
Ottoman silk with a full waistcoat of pleated muslin and
white lace and moire ribbon bonnet, was with Lady Leitrim at
a fanev stall. Lady Fanny Fitzwygram had a tan-coloured
foulard, prettilv embroidered with many-coloured silks and
panelled with brown velvet. The Countess of Kilraorey's
gown was black and white check foulard with a full and
folded white silk front, and a black chip bonnet with white
feathers. '1 he Marchioness of Waterford, tall and beautiful,
wore white niousselinc-dc-soic, with tablier of embroidered Hsbo
and a full vest of the same gathered at the bottom ; green and
gold straw bonnet trimmed with green ribbon bows and narcissi.
Lady Jane Taylour wore black frisc velvet. Lady Charles
Bercsford bail "a smart trimming of gold passementerie on a
black dress. The Dowager Lady Westlmry was in a black and
white foulard, with a white vest. Mrs. .1. S. Wood was with
*' the greatest of the great ladies ” at the flower-stall, and
looked as nice as anybody, in a heliotrope foulard drrss and
liie-brimmcd Leghorn liat; while Airs. Oscar Wilde had an
Umpire dress of black silk and lace, with sash high up under
the arms. Mrs. Gladstone, at Lady Aberdeen's stall, looked
extraordinary with a big square of white Irish point reaching
to near the bottom of her black gown.
Everybody who has followed through its course the ease or
the Indian child-wife, Httkmabhai, who was married in her
earliest infancy and refused to fulfil the contract when she
came to rears of discretion, will be glad to hear the final
result. The English court of law, before which the case
first came, ordered Rukmabhai to go to live with her
husband, and sentenced her ta six months’ imprison¬
ment ill case of her refusal to obey the order. She would
not. of course, have been freed from the order by the punish¬
ment, bnt might have been sent to prison again and again till
she consented to submit to receive as her husband the man to
whom she had so great an aversion, anil to whom she had
been united in her helpless infancy. I pointed out, when this
judgment was given, that it was iniquitous for our courts of
laiv, our prisons, and our police to be used in this way to fix
tlio yoke of a cruel custom on cur Indian sisters. It may not
lie possible for England to take a decisive step and prohibit
ltaby marriage, though such interference with native evil
customs was successfully ventured upon in the case of .Suttee.
When the priists sent a message to Lord W. Bentinck
that their law and religion compelled them to burn widows
alive, the robust Governor replied that if they did so English
law- and English religion would have them one and all
hanged ; anil that put an end to Suttee. If this much cannot
he done with regard to child marriage, at tile very least the
English law should not sanction it and compel by its forco
the Hindoo women to submit to the practice. '11ns, most
happilv, is the view token bv tho Supreme Court of Appeal.
Infant marriages are not declared illegal, bnt English courts
and prisons will never be used to enforce their claims. At tho
same time, an important meeting of great Indian Princes lias
just been held, and lias declared that no girl shall he married
till she is twelve years of age. If this bo generally
adopted, the sorrows of Indian womanhood will be greatly
diminished. Florence Fenwick-Millek.
JULY 28, 188S
107
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
MUSIC.
HOYAL ITALIAN OPERA.
As previously Btated, the fortnight s extra performances at this
establishment terminated on July 21. Since the production of
Verdi's “ Aida ” (already noticed), the proceedings have in¬
cluded Boi’to's “ Mcfistofele," which, like “ Aida,” was given
but once this season. The production of the last-named work
could, owing to pressure on space, only he noticed non-. The
libretto, as well as the music, is the work of Signor Arrigo Bolto
who resembles, in the combination of the poctwith the composer’
the late Richard Wagner, whose later music has undoubtedly
influenced the style of the living Italian master. Mefistofele ”
was originally produced at La Scala, Milan, in 1868. and
obtained great success there and elsewhere in Italy. It was
first given in England by Mr. Mapleson, at her Majesty’s
Theatre, in 1880, and has since been repeatedly performed
there and at the Royal Italian Opera. The characteristics
of the opera, and the individuality of the treatment of
Goethe's “ Faust,’’ which distinguish it from Gounod's opera
founded on the same subject, have before been dwelt on, and
need not here be farther discussed. In the recent performance
now alluded to, the characters of Marghcrita in the first part,
and of Elena in the second (classical) part, were sustained,
respectively, by Miss Macintyre and Miss Ella Russell, instead
of being assigned to the same artist, as heretofore. Each lady
sang with special grace and refinement. The secondarv, but
still important, character of Marta in the first part, and that
of Pantalis in the subsequent classical part, were, as previously,
sustained by the same representative : who, on this occasion
was Madame Scalchi, whose vocal excellence was admirably
manifested in each portion of the opera. A special feature was
the fine performance of M. E. De Reszke as Mcfistofele, both
in its dramatic and its musical aspect. The declamatory
passages which so largely prevail were grandly delivered. As
Foust, Signor Ravelli sang in genuine cantabile style. With
four such artists as Miss Macintvre, Madame Scalchi, Signor
Ravelli, and M. E. De Reszke, the beautiful music of the
garden-scene could not fail to be adequately rendered ; this
fine scene having, ns usual, formed an admirable contrast to
the weird style of other portions of the opera, 'ihe sub¬
ordinate characters of Wagner and Kerens were sufficiently
well filled by Signor Rinaldini. The stage effects were worthy
of the occasion, orchestra and (augmented) chorus were
exoellent, and the performance was skilfully directed bv Signor
Mancinelli. The closing performance, on July 21, consisted of
a repetition of “ Les Huguenots." with a strong cast, nearly as
before. Mr. Harris made a short address to tho audience,
expressive of a hope to render the season of 1889 equally
successful with that which has just ended.
The season just closed opened on May 14, and has comprised
many performances, classical and popular operas having been
given with a general efficiency, and, in many instances, with
an exceptionally strong cast, that have rendered Mr. Augustus
Harris's first occupancy of the Royal Italian Opera-House a
memorable event in the history of that establishment, and a
worthy pendant to liis first venture in Italian opera at Drury-
Lane Theatre last year. On that occasion the excellence of
the musical arrangements, and the exceptional splendour of
the scenic and stage accessories, were such as to elicit general
acknowledgment: very noticeable was the attention paid to
accuracy of costume and the consequent avoidance of
the absurd anachronisms in that respect which have
so often before characterised performances of Italian opera.
The results obtained last year have, in every respect, been
fully equalled in Mr. Harris's first season at the Royal Italian
Opera-House. Artists of high excellence have appeared—
including several who were associated with last year's Drury-
Lane performances. Mesdames Albaui, Nordica, Minnie Hank,
FiirBch - Madi, Hastreiter, Scalchi, and Trcbelli ; Mdlles.
Sigrid Arnoldson, Ella Russell, Baucrmeister, L. Lablachc,
and C. Desvignes; MM. J. and E. De Rcszkfi, Lassalle, and
Prevost; Signori Ravelli, Rinaldini. Del Puente, Cotogni,
Ciauipi, Navarrini, Novara, De Vaschetti, and Miranda have
appeared in the season of 1888 ; not to specify others whft
contributed in their several degrees to the general efficiency :
besides which several new appearances have been made, the
most important of which was that of Miss Macintyre, who
achieved a special sticcess ; one, indeed, that was remarkable,
considering her youth and previous inexperience of the stage.
As said in previous notices, such a commencement so young
should lead to a distinguished career. Mdlic. Rolia claims
particular mention for her excellent performance as Donna
Elvira, in sudden replacement of Miss Macintyre in conse¬
quence of illness. The effect then made was sustained by
Mdlle. Rolla on subsequent occasions. First appearances were
also more or less successfully made by Mdlles. Zepilli-Villani,
Melba, Martini. Columbia, and De Lussan—other debuts not
having been sufficiently important to call for specific mention.
The chorus manifested marked improvement on performances
of previous seasons, the effects, in grand opera, having been
greatly enhanced by large reinforcements of fresh voices. The
orchestra was not, at first, so satisfactory as afterwards, owing
to the importation of many new members, the result having
been much improved after the first few nights. The office of
conductor-in-chief was zealously and skilfully fulfilled by
Signor Mancinelli, similar praise being due to Mr. Randeggcr
for his occasional direction of performances.
There has been a judicious avoidance of the usual struggle
after the production of novelties, these in recent years having
been generally, more or less, failures. Tho policy has been
the wise one of giving classical and popular operas of proved
power of attraction, thoroughly well rendered, and mounted
with scenic splendour.
The artistic result of the past season lias been such as to
induce a desire for the continuance of Mr. Augustus Harris in
his new position as director of Italian opera, and we believe
the financial results are such us also to justify the expectation.
With the termination of Mr. Augustus Harris's first lessee-
ship of the Royal Italian Opera, and the approaching end of
the London season, comes the subsidence of musical per¬
formances which is naturally consequent thereon. The lull,
however, is but comparative. Coveut-Garden Theatre will be
reopened for promenade concerts on Aug. II, again nuder the
lesseeship of Mr. W. Freeman Thomas, and with Mr. Gwyllym
Crowe as conductor.
Recent miscellaneous concerts have included those of
M. Hollman. the esteemed violoncellist; Seiior Manjon, the
Mind guitarist; Mr. and Miss Asher, and Miss M. De Grey ;
concerts at Stafford House aud the Kensington Townhall—in
the former case in aid of the funds of the National Physical
Recreation Society, in the latter instance in aid of the London
Anti-Vivisection Society : hy Signor Bmti'sini, the incom¬
parable contrabassist: by Mr. Templcr Saxe: performances
by the students of the Royal Academy of Music, and distri-
™ n* 1 prizes to pupils of the institution : and a concert
Of Dr. Wyldc's London Academy of Music and distribution of
medals to students thereof.
Mr. Jerome Hopkins, who announces himself ns “ tho
American Musical Radical Composer and Pinnist," gave an
tuvitattou-concert lately at St, James's Ilall (in one of the
e ™ a *J rooms). As the occasion was of a qaasi-private nature,
all that need be said is that Mr. Hopkins's executive skill was
displayed in various pieces of his own composition, in some of
which he had the co-operation of Mdlle. Jeanne Donste
(pinmste), Mr. G. Frank (violinist), Mr. Whitehouse (violon¬
cellist), and Mr. B. Grove, who was announced as “ tho dis¬
tinguished basso.” Mr. Hopkins has composed a large number
of works (he says between seven and eight hundred) in nearly
all styles, and has received congratulatory letters from Liszt,
Berlioz, and other celebrities, besides many laudatory notices
in American newspapers.
In advance of the longer-established autumn provincial
festivals—at Birmingham, Herefoi-d,and Bristol—was that (of
more recent institution) at Chester, on July 25. 26, and 27.
Having already given details of the arrangements nnd tho
scheme of performances, brief notice may now suffice. The special
Sunday services of July 22 were followed by the opening
performance of “ Elijah" in the cathedral on July 25. The
only absolute novelty was the symphonic cantata, “Oh, sing
unto the Lord,” composed for the festival by Mr. Oliver King
This formed part of the programme for Thursday. July 26.
Performances of Wagner’s “ Parsifal ” (nine), and of his
“Die Meistersinger" (eight), were announced to begin at
Bayreuth, on July 22, and to conclude on Ang. 19.
ROSE-LEAVES.
‘ I have been in Corisande's garden-,” sa -s Lothair, in Lord
Beaconsfield's novel, “and she has given me a rose." What
rose—besides herself—she selected on that interesting occa¬
sion one would have liked to know. Was it the grand old
Provence (or cabbage) rose, which made such a figure in our
gardens some half a century ago 1 Or the Portland rose, than
which, by-the-by, none is better for the composition of pot¬
pourri 1 Or was it the Maiden-blush, or that delicate sweet
China rose, with pale pink petals, which (like a true friend)
is among the first to come and the last to go ? Or that York
and Lancaster, which reconciles the rival colours of the two
Kingly houses, as did Henry Tudor and Elizabeth Woodville,
“ in the days of old " ? In the modern rose-garden there is, at
all events, no lack of choice; new varieties, indeed, being
brought forward every year; so that one is tempted to wonder
when this development of rose culture will reach exhanstion-
point. Tempura iiiutantur, and with them the roses ! One
might as well ask what has become of last year's snovrs as of
one's childhood's roses, or of those which Shakspeare and
Herrick celebrated! I am Goth enough to think that the new¬
comers have not always as much charm as those dear old
friends, with alltheir sweet memories and fond traditions. There
is just a donbt whether, in the passion for huge symmetrical
blooms, and that thirst for something new which possesses the
Englishman of to-day. as it possessed the Athenian iu the
time of St. Paul, the ancestral roses that bloomed in the
parterres, and scattered odours from the vases, of our great¬
grandmothers, have not unjustly been set aside and discredited.
At all events, they wore rich in a magic of association which
their successors have not. It was of no Gloire-de-Dijon or
Senntcur Vaisse that Herrick was thinking, when he sang, in his
semi-Pagan way, “ Gather ye rosebuds while ye may. Old Time
is still a-flying ! ” And the “ lovely rose ” that Wa'ller sent to
his Sacharissa was, we may be sure, of none of the varieties
that bloom wit’h so much forwardness at our annual rose-shows
and are duly entered in the catalogues of our florists.
In the sixth century, as Dean Hole reminds ns, St. Mildred
instituted the custom of giving a wreath of white roses as an
annual prize to the most modest and duteous of the maidens of
Snlencv. What a delightful harmony between the prize and
its recipient, between the pure white flower and the maiden
with the white purity of soul 1 It is not often that gifts are
appropriated with such a sense of fitness. There seems a
certain degree of violence, however, in the expression —“a white
rose," but it is sanctioned hy the usage of generations ; and I
findsit difficult to think of anything more beautiful in itself,
whatever may he one’s fancy about the name, than the snowy
Niphctos or Alba, or the exquisite moss-rose known as White
Bath. In white roses this island of ours was at a very early
date bo rich that the fame thereof reached the naturalist
Pliny in his villa on the bright Parthenopean shore ; and he
sat down and calmly wrote that “ Albion ” was so-called either
from its white, sea-washed cliffs or from the white roses with
which it abounded. There is a pretty story that, in the fifteenth
century, the Duke of Clarence, a Yorkist, having become
enamoured of the Lady Eliza Beauchamp, a Lancastrian, he
sent to her a white rose, and with it a right princely and
poetical compliment, which, long afterwards, was versified by
Congreve and Somerville in the manner following;—
If Ibis i<ik* rose offetnl your sight, [ Bui If thy ruby Ill's it spy—
It In vour bosom wear; To kiss It slioublst thou deign—
'Twill blush to Hint itself less white, With envy |#ile't will lose Its dye.
And turn Lam-iistiliu there. I And Yorkist turn again.
In a previous paper I referred to Sir John Maundeville's
legend of the Hebrew maiden, unjustly burned to death at
Bethlehem. He tells how the stake to which the pure and
innocent victim was bound became a budding rose-tree. As
the legend—which, by-the-way, Southey has put into verse—
professes to explain the origin of white roses, I will quote it
in Maundeville’s own words;—“ Betweene the cityee and the
cbirche of Bethelem is the feldo Floridus. that is to Beyee, the
feld iioriched (or flowery) ; for als roochc as a fayre mayden
was blamed with wrong and sclanndered, for which cause sche
was domed to the dethc, and to be brout to that place, to the
wbichc sche was ladd. And as the fyre began to burno
abonte hire, sche made hire prayeres to oure Lord, that als
wisscly as sche was not gylty of that synne, that He wolde
lielpc hire, and make it to be knowen to olle men, of his mcrcy-
fulie grace ; and wbanne sche hadde thus seyd, sche entred
into the fuyer. and anon was the fuyr quenched and onte ; and
the brnndes that weren bumynge" becommen white rooms,
fulle of rows ; and theiss weren the first roseres and roses, botho
White ami rede, that ever any man saughe.” But, for myself,
I do not accept this fanciful story, having no doubt at all that
white roses (and red) bloomed in the Garden of Eden, which,
indeed, without them would have been no Earthly Paradise.
One is surprised that the English poets have had so little
to say in praise of the white rose. It is true that Burns has
the grace and good taste to exclaim, “ Here's the flower that I
love most, Tho rose that’s like the snow ”; and Bryan Waller
Proctor talks nngallantly of “ the pale rose that hangs her
head like a love-siek girl”; and Beddo s speaks of “a white
rose, fitting for a wedding gift"; and Mrs. Browning of “a
white rose delicate, On a tall bough and straight. .. Uplifting
its white head and Tennyson plants n white rose in Maud's
rose-garden ;—but, generally speaking, our English minstrelsy
is devoted to its blushing sister. Half a hundred instances
rise to one *s memory :—“ Whatso'er of beauty Yearns and yet
reposes,” says Leigh Hunt, “Blush and bosom and sweet
breath. Took a shape in roses." Byron alludes to “ the odorous
purple of a new-blown rose.” Shelley is in love with “ the
depth of her glowing breast.” Mrs. liemans speaks of “ that
fervid hue of love which to its heart-loaf glows,” jnst ns
L. E. L. reads within its petals “ the crimson annals of truo
love.” Mrs. Browning has a poet’s eye for “ The rod rcses,
used to praises long. Contented with the poets song. Lewis
Morris apostrophises, “Oh, vermeil rose and sweet, Rose with
the golden heart of hidden fire.” Roden Noel inquires whether
we most love those which “ lie full blown with a dedicate
flush," or those which open “ coy with a crimson hhish ; to
which I, for one, answer thnt I love both equally 1 Tennyson
has a charming phrase about “ the spirit of a crimson rose ;
and Augusta Webster is in love with her rose, “ A very child of
June, Spreading its crimson coronet of leaves.”
In mediaeval France a romantic custom obtained in con¬
nection with the flower of flowers. It was called the
“ Baillee aux Roses,” or “ Tribute of Roses,” and, appropriately
enough, was instituted by a woman in compliment to a
woman—by Blanche of Castille, widow of Louis VIII. or
France, and Regent in 1227, for Marie, the fair daughter or
Dabnisson, first President of tho Parliament. The Regent and
her Court, together with the Peers of Parliament, assembled at
Poitiers, in May, to make and administer the laws. Various
causes awaited their decision, one of which had been entrusted
to the advocacy of a gallant, but pleasure-loving, young noble,
the Comte de la Marche, who, however, showed but little
inclination to examine into its merits, being deeply in love
with Marie Dabuisson. He had previously pressed his suit
upon her, and been rejected; but his love burned all the more
fervently, and after their arrival at Poitiers, he ventured by
night into a rose-garden which bloomed near the maiden’s
window, and serenaded her, according to the custom of the
time. Marie opened her lattice. “Are you not ashamed, fair
sir," she said, “ to employ the hours of thought and study in
idle gallantry? T will be your task to-morrow to defend
before the Parliament the honour and fortune of the orphans,
and you ore wasting your time in idle pleasures. If you would
win my favour, go and prepare to do your duty worthily I"
The young Count took his mistress's reproach to heart;
went'home and mastered the details of the case ; on the
following day pleaded it with brilliant success—with such
success that the Queen-Regent, with a smile, asked him whence
he had derived his inspiration. “ From the voice of on angel! ”
was his impassioned reply. The sequel is easy to gness ;
Marie became the Comtesse de la Marche ; and in memory of
the incident, the Qneen ordered that every year, on the first of
May. the youngest noble should pay to Parliament “ a tribute
of roses." The practice survived until 1589.
During the imprisonment of Charles I. in the Isle of Wight,
he was being conducted—one day in November, 1648—through
the streets of Newport, when a loyal gentlewoman, named
Frances Prattle, respectfully presented her Royal master with
a damask rose—the last which had lingered in her garden. It
was all she could give, except her prayers. The King was
much affected, no doubt, by this proof of her devotion.
In “ The Song of Solomon ” we read of “ The Rose of
Sharon ” ; and the Prophet Isaiah, when he speaks of the
blessings that shall attend the coming of the Messiah, predicts
that “ the desert shall rejoice and blossom as the rose.” Some
authorities believe, however, that the Hebrew word indicates
the narcissus; while Gesenius asserts that the autumnal
crocus is intended. If we must give up the rose, I prefer the
narcissus as a substitute. But it is to the rose that allusion is
made, in Ecclus. xxiv. 14, where Wisdom is said to be exalted
as a “ rose-plant in Jericho.” It is needless to say that roses
were greatly valued in the East, and that the rose-water distilled
from their petals is an adjunct of every boudoir. The hundred-
leaved rose (//(«« rentifolia ) and the Damascus or damask
rose (Horn ttamusrrna) are everywhere cultivated.
So much for some of ihe poetical and historical associ¬
ations of our regal flower. Let ns now take a hurried glance
at the curiosities of its nomenclature, which does not appear
to bo constructed upon any definite or intelligible principle.
Sometimes the name of a rose-grower, or of his sister, his
cousin, or his annt, is called into requisition ; sometimes it is
the name of a warrior, statesman, or other popular personage ;
sometimes it is entirely fanoifnl. I do not fird that it is
often fonnd to indicate any characteristic of form, structure,
or colouring. To some small extent, onr roses arc made to
chronicle passing moods of popular feeling : os is the case with
the Lord Clyde, Lord Herbert, Lord Raglan, Prince Albert,
Charles Darwin, and Christine Nilsson. Among the few
which boast a poetical savonr are La Porle des Jardins, Coupe
d’Hebe, Boule-d'Or, and Boulc-de-Neige. Apparently, these repre-
sent the highest flights of fancy to which the rosarian has
attained—which is, surely, remarkable when the flower should
have served, one would think, as a stimulus to the imaginative
faculty. Why not link the names of our poets and iheir airy
creations with the beantifnl flower which poetry has done so
much to consecrate ! Why should we not have among the rosea
a Perdita, on Imogen, a Rosalind, a Castara, a Lncasta, or an
Elaine ?
But the readers who would know more abont rose-lore, and
dip into rose-culture, should turn—os I have done—to Dean
Hole's delightful “ Book about Roses,” Mr. Shirley Hibberd’s
monograph on “ The Rose,” and Mr. II. Bright's “ A Year in a
Lancashire Garden.” There is an excellent practical treatise,
by Mr. William Paul, which any rose-grower would do well to
study. _ W. II. D.-A.
In the Oxford examination for Women the following class-
list has been issued ;—French and German Honours.—Class I.
W. Hogg and W. Holindcn, Somerville Hall. Class II. A. M.
Partridge and M. S. Tait, Somerville Hall. Class IV. M. A.
Moger, Gay-street, Bath.
Lord Mostyn has intimated to his tenants in Cheshire his
intention of returning 10 per cent on the tithe-rent charge
due to him. Sir A. Rivers Bulkeley, Bart., of Baron-hill,
Beaumaris, also intends returning 10 per cent on the rents due
by his agricultural tenants in Anglesea.
Earl Cadogan presided on July 18 at a meeting held in
Chelsea House in support of a scheme for establishing a Poly¬
technic Institute for south-west London, for which £50,000 has
been promised by the Charity Commissioners, if a similar
amount he raised by voluntary effort. Tho scheme was
supported by Lord Knntsford, Lord Monkswcll. Sir A. Borth-
wick, M.P., Mr. Goschen, M.P., Sir A. Hayter, and others, and
resolutions approving it were adopted.
It is purposed, as soon as £2000 shall have Icen specially
contributed, to open a home in connection with the Rovnl
Military Benevolent Fund. As is doubtless known to the
majority of onr readers, this fund grants annuities, up to £40
each, to distressed ladies, being (exclusively) widows or
daughters of officers of tho army, inclusive of the Royal
Marines. To show the need that exists for its operations, it
may be mentioned that for every pension awarded there are
between thirty and forty applicants. These ladies are all the
relatives .of officers whose services had been long and meritori¬
ous, and in many instances of a highly distinguished nature ;
they are all in circumstances of great need, and many are
absolutely destitute. Contributions, either for the home or
for the fund, are received by Messrs. Barclay, Bcvan, Ransom,
Bouverie and Co., bankers, 1, Pnll-umll East, S.W., by
Messrs. Cox and Co., Army agents, 17. Charing-Cross, S.W.,
and by tho bon. treasurer, Mrs. Ellis-Williams, 40, Bedford-
square, W.C.
XIV. SCRIVELSBY COURT.
THE ILLUSTRATED LUNDON NEWS, July 28, 1888.—108
Serlrotsby Court. Front View. On ihs Road to Scrlvelsby.
THK J LLUSTIiATED LONDON NEWS, Jolv 28, 1888 —109
110
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 28, 1888
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated July 81, 1877), with a codicil (dated April!),
1878), of Dame Laura Buchan, widow of tho late Lieutenant-
General Sir John Buchau, K.C.B., late of No. 5, Sussox-sqnarc,
Hyde Tark. who died on JJav 10 last, was proved on July I t
by Sir Walter Buchanan Riddell, Bart., Sir Mark Wilks
Collett. Bart., nnd Francis Joseph Coltman, the executors,
the value of the personal estate in the United Kingdom
amounting to upwards of £132,000. Tho testatrix bequeaths
£1000 each to the Isle of Man General Hospital, the House of
Industry (Douglas, Isle of Man), the Middlesex Hospital, and
the Hospital for Sick Children (Great Ormond-street) ; £500
each to the Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of tho
Chest (Brompton), and the National Hospital for Consumption
and Diseases of the Chest (Ventnor); her leasehold residence in
Sussex square. with the furniture and effects (except certain
plate and jewellery specifically bequeathed), horses and
carriages, to her cousin, the said Sir Mark Wilks Collett; and
numerous and considerable legacies to relatives, friends, and
servants. She recites that by a separate disposition she has
settled certain lands, teinds, and pertinents in the Sheriffdom
of Berwick. As to the residne of her real and personal estate,
she leaves one third to the said Sir Mark Wilks Collett; one
third to her late husband's nephew, General Charles Francis
Fordyce, C.B.; and one third, npon trust, to pay an annuity of
£200 to her cousin, Elisa Eleanor Newton, nnd subject thereto
for such ono or more of the three survivingchildren of George
William Fordyce Buchan, who shall, under his will, become
possessed of the mansion of Kclloe, in the county of Berwick.
The will (dated April 18, 1888) with two codicils (dated
May 4 and 23 following), of Mr. William Howard, late of
Ersham House, Canterbury, who died on June 1, was proved
on July 10 by John Howard, the son. one of the executors, the
value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of £2211,0(8).
The testator states that his wife, Mrs. Julia Howard, is already
possessed oE property at Nice, and of various investments, nnd
he leaves her £2000, all his furniture, plate, pictures, jewel¬
lery, effects. horse.-, carriages, and stock; £1300 }ier annum
for life, and the personal use, if she desires to have it, of
Ersham House, with tho lands and cottages. His freehold
paper-mill at Chartham, his freehold rag-house at Canter¬
bury, with the goodwill of the business and all the machinery,
stock, and book debts, he leaves to his son John ; and there are
a few legacies. The residue of his real and personal estate
he gives to his children, Helen, Elizabeth, Agnes, and William;
but if their respective shares exceed £(10,000, which is to bo
taken as tho value of the paper-mill estates, then his son John
is to participate in the residne, after his sisters and brother
have each received £ GO,000 thereout.
The will (dated April 17, 1833), with five codicils (dated
June 20. 1883; Oct. 27, 1881 ; and March 12, April 22, and
Oct. G, 183(1), of Mr. Edwin Knight, late of Palmeira
Mansions, Brighton, who died on April 22 last, was proved on
July II by Mrs. Alice Knight, the widow, and Thomas Moy,
two of the executors, the value of the personal estate amount¬
ing to over £91,000. The testator bequeaths £100, and all his
household furniture and effects, to his wife; and a compli¬
mentary legacy to his executor, Mr. Moy. The residue of his
real nnd personal estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay £ 1000
per annum to his wife, she maintaining and educating his
children under twenty-one, to be reduced to £800 per annum
on his youngest child attaining twenty-one, or to £230 on her
marrying again. The ultimate residue he leaves, upon further
trust, for all his children, in*bqual shares, excepting his son
Arthur Edwin Kilvington, whose share is not to exceed £5000.
The Scotch Confirmation, under seal of the Commissariot of
Renfrew, of the trust disposition nnd settlement (dated
June 17, 1891), with a codicil (dated April 7. 188G), of Mr.
Alexander Cattanaoh. of Auchentorlie, distiller in Paisley,
who died on May 3 last, granted to William Thomson, Andrew
Millar, jnn., Robert Binnie, James Dickie, Mrs. Mary Lorimer
Millar, tho sister, and John Stewart, the surviving oxcentors
nominate, was rescaled in London on July 7, the value of the
personal cstntc in England and Scotland amounting to upwards
of £81,000.
The will (dated March 17, 1883), with a codicil (dated
Sept. 23. 188(1), of Mr. Jonathan William Battlcy, late of
Sussex House, Amhurst-park, Stamford-hill. who died on
June 6. has just been proved by Mrs. Jane Eleanor Battley,
the widow. William Ernest Battley, the son, Clement Dukes,
M.D., Percy Pedley Hasluck, and John Bernard Portway. tbc
executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to up¬
wards of £82,000. The testator bequeaths tho jewellery,
plate, pictures, books, furniture, effects, horses and carriages
at his residence to his wife ; and some annuities to relatives.
The share of the capital, stock-in-trade, and goodwill of his
partnership business of lampblack manufacturers and tar
distillers, carried on at Edith-street, Haggerston, and Bow-
common, he gives to bis said son. William Ernest, conditionally
on his paying interest at 5 per cent on the capital so given to
him, to his (testator's) wife, for life. The residue of his real
and personal estate he leaves, npon trust, for his wife, for life,
and then for all his children except William Ernest; but
certain sums settled on his daughters, Mrs. Dukes, Mrs. Hasluck,
and Mrs. Fort way, are to be brought into account iu tho
division.
The Irish Probate, granted at Dublin, of the will (dated
June 1G. 1897) of Mr. Denis Crofton, late of No. 8, Mountjoy-
square, Dublin, who died on Dec. 2 last, to Lord James Butler,
Frederick Villiers Clarendon, and William Oliver Barker. M.D..
the executors, was rescaled in London on July II, the value of
the personal estate in England and Ireland amounting to
upwards of £52,000. Tho testator bequeaths £10,000 to the
Representative Body of the Chnreh of Ireland for the spiritual
use and benefit of poor parishes and districts thoughout
Ireland ; £15,000 to the Chnreh Missionary Society for Africa
and the East, to endow a mission to he designated the “ Denis
Crofton" Mission; £1000 to the Religious Tract Society
(London); £500 each to the Adelaide Hospital (Peter-streit,
Dublin), tho Fever Hospital and House of Recovery (Cork-
street, Dublin), the Socidte Evangelique do France, and the
Societc Centralc d'Evangclisation ; and legacies to relatives,
executors, servants, and others. If ho lias any curiosities or
works of art on view at the time of his death at the Museum of
Science and Art, Dublin, or the National Gallery, Dublin, he
gives them to the said institutions. The residue of his
property he devises and bequeaths to the British and Foreign
Bible Society. _
Tho Polytechnic Institute has received the munificent gift
of £1509 from "U. L."
The visitation of the Brewers' Company's (Lady Owen s)
School, Islington, was held on July 18, at Brewers' Hall, the
Master of the Brewers’ Company, Mr. W. Hoare, presiding.
Numerous prizes and scholarships were awarded, and in the
course of the proceedings it was announced that during
the past year tho first places on the list in the London
University matriculation, the University of Cambridge junior
local examination, and tho Civil Service, examination for boys
had been taken by boys from this school.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
IS for this department should be addressed to the Chest Editor.
■ (3 jtc note of your request, and look for the improved position
sufficient.
. „. Jish Chess Magazine, lD.Baffhy-strrof,
..jo price, if siihscriI ht'h nmne is sent in before
. (I., ;,9. ltd. Wc tin lint liiillk II 19 i'lllili'licd i cl.
ik (Hug by).—Jucijuca, Hat ton-garden, are tlio most likely for your
ot undertake to answer»>y post. The problem
‘jaw i'lfcha'mcteristic of the**
i of No. 2307 you will probably find
your own failed. Ni ‘ “* “"** J * **
will fulfil your ancici.
* r problems want strategy. They ai
for public: 1 --
BKintWARD.—Your problem is capable of much improvement: While has at lem
second move, Kt to either R 2nd o
t, although your prohlcn
is well constructed, wc could not pnlilisn it- rn« rammer of Black's c.'- *-
discovered chock has horn done to death in
CoauKUT Solutions or Paow.xit No. saw.-- - - -
Hamilton Gell, C W H Glover. C Ethcrmgton. and 0
K G Boys, Alpha, C n, Hrrcward, W 8 (.Sheffield), and W
CotiBKCT Solution* or Pnont.KM No. 23K» received from Dr P St, T Roberts,
Jupttor Junior. H Luca*, A Newman, Percy Ewen. Thomas cnown, It H Brook*.
Blair H Coclimne, It Wort era (Cant orbing, J Hopworth Shaw, K LneclK (Pm
r of Black's check b
..... Cnclirnnc, A W
ind C Byng; of No. saw from
, .. v ... .V.-ili t. Her.
L Smith, L Coad, E Phillips, Howard A
Sergeant, C«
"-dia. G .»
iid J>»wj
solution of Problem No. 2308.
WHITE. BLACK.
R to K R 7lh Any movo
WHITE.
White to play, nn<l mate in two mores.
CHESS BY CORRESPONDENCE.
Game In the Fraser International Tourney between Mi
Broughtr Ferrv, the well-known problem composer, c
Woollktt, of Dublin. Notes by Mr. Fraser.
h Bishop Opening.)
'HITE (Mr. Ii.)
P to K 4th
Ii to B 4th
l) to K 2ml
P to Q B 3rd
B to Kt Slh
kfiHrittw^el.rVi
6. Rto It 1th
7. B to B 2nd
8. P to Q 4tli
9. P takes P
10. P to K B 3rd
11. P to Q It 3rd
1 >. Kt to U 3rd
13. C.wtles
1 i. Q to Q 3rd
15. P to Q Kt Ith
13. R to K 2n 1
black (Mr. W.)
P to K 4th
Kt to K B 3rd
Kt to Q B 3rd
Kt to Q R llh
■ nn almost indis-
P to Q R 3rd
P to Q Kt 4lli
B to Kt 2nd
P Likes P
Q to K 2nd
P to K U 3rd
P to K Kt 3rd
n to Kt 2nd
Kt to R 2nd
P to Q 3rd
17. Kt P Likes P
IS. p to Q 5th
19. K to K s(|
20. Kt to B 4th
21. Kt to K 2nJ
22 P to BHh
23. Q to K Kt 3rd
Q P takes P
B to Q 5th (ch)
K Kt to Kt 4th
Q It to Q sq
B to Kt 2nd
o K 3rd
o (J 5th
hite (Mr. B.)
24. Kt takes Kt
25. B to Q 3rd
2(1. It to K sq
27. Q R to K 2nd
28. B to Q 2nd
29. P to B 5th
3'). Q to R 3rd
31. B Likes It P
32. Kt toy 2nd
White wouldohvim
BLACK (Mr. W.)
B takes Kt
Kt to Q Kt 3rd
33. B takes Kt
31. Kt to B 3rd
35. P to B 6i!i (ch)
Played with crc.il iudfi
is evidently compelled
Kt to K B 5lh
B takes B
K to Kt 2nd
3fi. Q to R 4!h (ch)
37. P to K 5th
38. R takes II
39. B Likes K Kt P
to. Q to R 7th (eh)
11. Kt takes K
12. B Likes B P,
K takes P
K to Kt 2nd
K B takes K P
R takes Q P
, Black apparently
it’s mere).
R takes R
K U» B 3rd
B to B sq
Game between Mr. W. Jay. London,
( Bishops'
WHITE (Mr. D.) Black (Mr. J.)
J. P to K 4th P to K 4th
2. P to K B 4th P Likes 1*
3. R to B 4th Q to It 5th (ch)
4. K to B sq P to Q 4th
5. B takes P Kt to K 2nd
A truisimsitinn of move* which leads
to difficulties. ^ He slimiM proceed, A. ^|»
and 7. Kt io k"‘JihL "
6. Kt to K B 3rd Q to R 4th
7. Kt to B 3rd P to K Kt 4th
8. P to K U 4th P to K R 3rd
9. B takes P(ch)
Perfectly sound, nnd tho key-note of
the attack.
9. Q takes B
10. Kt to K 5th Q to Kt 2nd
11. Q to U 5th (eh) K to Q sq
12. Kt to B 7th (eh) K to Q 2nd
U. Kt takes R P takes P
Black's position is seriously compro¬
mised, *nd the only chance here w.is to
preserve a niiii>erical suponmity by n
take* Kt; even then, however, White
maintains a distinct advantage by it. P
takes p.
14. Ktta B 7th Kt to B 3rd
15. P to Q 4th
White pursues (he rrttnek with great
vigour, if this P be captured tho 0 file
will l#c cleared for tho action of It.
15. Kt to Kt 3rd
nnd Mr. F. Downey, South Shields.
GambitJ
WHITE (Mr. D.) BLACK (Mr. J.)
16. Kt to K 5th (ch) 0 Kt takes Kt
17. P Likes Kt B to K 2nd
18. P to K 6th (ch)
Capitally played; mate in two move?
would follow ihc capture of this ad¬
venturous P.
18. K to Q sq
19. B Likes P Kt Likes B
20. R to Q sq (ch ) B to Q 3 d
2 1. R takes B (ch) P takes R
22. Q takes P (ch) Q to Kt 4th
23. Q takes Q < efi I P takes Q
34. R to R 8th (cl») K to K 2nd
25. Kt to Q 5th (ch)
The climax of some very brilliant play
on White's part. Black must exchange
Kn : gtu< .
ill ili shod
_ of Black's fv.._> ..
daily.
25. Kt takes Kt
20. P takes Kt P to Kt 3rd
27. P to B 4th K to B 3rd
28. R to B 8th (ch) K to K 2n 1
23. R to B 7th (ch) K to K sq
30. R to R 7th P to R 3rd
31. P tOQ Kt4th K to B sq
32. R to R 8th (ch) K to K 2nd
33. K to B 2nd K to B 3rd
34. K to B 8th (ch) K to K 2nd,
35. R to B 7th (ch),
and wins.
The British Chens €lnb Handicap resulted in Messrs. Blackburno nnd
(Jutwbonr, with eloven wins apiece, dividing tho first and second prizes.
Messrs. Bird nnd Wninwrlglit, with ten each, the third and fourth, it will
be remembered that Mr. Gunsbcrg won the first prize and Mr. Bird tho third
in the late Divan contest, and their similar success on this occasion points to
tho high and consistent quality of their play. Mr. Blackbume, however,
woul l probably have won outright bat for the adverse decision of the com¬
mittee In the disputed game with Mr. Gattlc.
“The Apposition” at St. Paul's School took place on
July 25, and in the evening the High Master held a reception
in the great school.
HOLIDAY RAM P> L E S.
(Bp our Paris Correspondent)
BRUNSWICK.
Next, after Nuremberg. Brunswick is noted no the finest
mediaeval town in German}'. This reputation is not tiiidt served;
for, although it possesses few monuments worth speaking of,'
except the old Townhall in the Altmarkt ami some fountains
of the usnal slender, wire-drawn old German style, Brunswick
is composed entirely of narrow, tortuous streets, lined with
old houses with overhanging gables and irregular red-tiled
roofs, such as you sec in the background of Albert Borer's
pictures. Aud, curiously enough, these houses have been
repaired and rebuilt for the most part in the old style, the
only liberty taken being to put in some modern plate-glass
shop-fronts. In this maze of narrow streets several lines of
tramways rnn, with an occasional tinkling of bells as they
round the comers ; there arc gas-lamps, too, nnd even electric
lights and swaggering cavalry soldiers, and other modern
improvements : still, the town retains its mediieval aspect.
Every step we take brings us face to face with something
picturesque.
So much for the old town, with its Cathedral, its Castle,
its Burg Platz, its Altmarkt; bub the kernel of tho town
is all that remains, the shell has been transformed entirely.
The moat is navigable for pleasure-boats aud even little steamers;
the ramparts have become fine promenades, laid out as parks and
gardens, in which has sprung up a girdle of modern detached
or semi-detached villa residences, with bow-windows and con¬
servatories, where you see the worthy tenants sitting in solemn
state, like mannikins in a waxwork show, watching the people
pass and repasa. On Sunday afternoon and evening all Bruns¬
wick is out on the ramparts—on foot, in carriages, or on
bicycles and tricycles ; for cycling is in high favour in northern
Germany, and I even saw some young ladies with divided
skirts riding tricycles, and tearing along in tho most un¬
graceful manner.
But in spite of this apparent animation, Brunswick is a
terribly dull place for tho visitor : in a couple.of hours you
can walk all round the town and through almost all the
streets. Then what remains to be done? Try the cafes?
They are about three in number, and all equally solemn.
Sample cigars? This would be too terrible an operation,
seeing that there are no less than fifty-nine varieties of cigars
at six a penny, all equally deadly ! Hnnb the streets for a
pretty face ? This would be chimerical, for everybody knows
that, except in Berlin, pretty German faces are rare. B< sides, ono
must be serious, and looking for pretty faces, in the flesh, is not
generally considered a serious occupation ; at any rate, one docs
not travel hundreds of miles to some out-of-the-way provincial
town on such a frivolous errand. The great attraction at
Brunswick is the Museum and Picture Gallery, which arc now
lodged in a magnificent new building—a model of commodious
arrangement, like all the new German museums.
The antiquities and objects of art in the Brunswick
Museum are not of the first importance, although some of the
objects are of historical interest. On the other hand, there
is a very admirable collection of Limoges enamels, and a very
complete series of Italian painted pottery of the Urbino and
Faenza marks. These objects, however, appeal mostly to
specialists; while the average visitor will pay more attention to
the Picture Gallery, which is peculiarly rich in works of the
secondary masters of the Dutch school. The pearl of the
Brunswick Gallery is a life-size, half-length family group, by
Rembrandt, which alone repays the journey. Against a
background of dark-green foliage the father stands on the
left; on the right the mother dances a baby girl on
her knee, while in the foreground are two other children,
one carrying a basket of flowers. The mother is dressed in
deep red. and the baby-girl in rose-red. A rich golden light
strikes across the faces, and touches the drapery in luminous
masses. In this picture, so charming in ils simplicity and
intimity Rembrandt has indulged in a veritable painter’s feast
of colour. Technically, it is a most amusing and prodigious
piece of work. But to give an idea of a picture in words is
impossible. All I can say is, that I do not regret my stay at
Brunswick ; the vision of this wonderful Rembrandt stored in
my memory consoles me for all the minor inconveniences I
endured in a twenty-four hours' stay iu the town. T. C.
THE BISHOPS OF THE ANGLICAN COMMUNION AT CAMBRIDGE.
The Senate House of the University of Cambridge was on
July 18 the scene of an interesting ceremony. Taking
advantage of the assembly of the Bishops of the Anglican
Communion from all parts of the world at the Lambeth
Conference, the University decided to offer them her hospit¬
ality, and, at the same time, to confer upon some of their
number honorary degrees in Divin.'ty. Those who received
these marks of distinction were the Archbishops of York,
Armagh, and Dublin ; and the Bishops of Guiana, Fredericton,
Capetown—who, hotvever, was kept away by illness—Calcutta,
Minnesota, and New York, several of whom are alumni of the
University.
Such of them as were not already staying in Cambridge or
at Ely, as guests of the Bishop, left King’s-cross by special
train at ten minutes to ten o'clock, arriving at Cambridge a
few minutes after eleven. Carriages were in waiting to convey
the visitors to the. Senate House, where they were received by
the Rev. Dr. Taylor. Vicc-Chanccllor nnd Master of St. John's.
The visitors were formed into groups, each of which was
conducted by one or more of the Professors round the colleges.
The best use possible was made of the brief time at disposal,
under the guidance of the Rev. Professor Browne, the Rev. F.
Wallis, the Rev. T. H. Orpeu. Mr. W. M. Fawcett, and other
gentlemen. Before the conclusion of the tour of inspection,
rain began to fall, and later on it came down in torrents,
spoiling the enjoyment of the garden-party which the Master
of Trinity had arranged to give. The guests were entertained
at luncheon by the heads of the various colleges, and at half-
past two assembled in the Senate House. Every part of the
floor was filled. Nearly eighty Bishops, most of whom wore
their scarlet robes, occupied tbc front places, and around them
were members of the University and a large number of gaily-
dressed ladies. ,
The guests adjourned for service in the chapel of L..ig s
College ; after which further visitB were made to places of
interest, including Trinity College, at the lodge of which the
Master entertained all the guests to tea. .
In the evening several dinner-parties were given by
prominent members of tho University, the principal one bcing
that given by the Vice - Chancellor, who entertained the
recipients of honorary degrees and other distinguished persons.
The sixth annual report of tho Fishery Board for Scotland
for the year 1887 states that 2fi,907 boxes of salmon were sent
to Billingsgate in that year, or about 3500 boxes more itnn^ m
At £5 os. per box, this represented a value of
log., and if there is added as much more as the value of tne
salmon consumed in Scotland, and sent out of Scotland am
elsewhere than to London. 1 hero is obtained £ 282,523 as tni-
estimated value of the Scotch aaluica fisheries in 183 1 .
JULY 2S, tS33
111
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
IMPORTANT TO ALL LEAVING HOME FOR A CHANGE.
“Among the most useful medicines that have been introduced within
the last century is ENOS 1 FRUIT SALT.’ There is no doubt that
where it has been taken in the earliest stage of a disease, it has, in many
instances, prevented what would otherwise have been a severe illness.
The effect of ENO'S ‘FRUIT SALT’ upon a disordered and feverish
condition of the system is marvellous. As a nursery medicine the
‘FRUIT SALT ' is invaluable; instead of children disliking it, they
look upon it rather in the light of a luxury. As a gentle aperient and a
corrective in cases of any sort of over-indulgence in eating or drinking,
ENOS ‘FRUIT SALT’ is all that is needful to restore freshness and
vigour. In cases of Nervous Headache and Debility it is especially
useful, and should be taken in all cases where persons suffer from a
sluggish condition of the liver .”—Young Lady's Journal.
CAUTION. -Examine each Bottle.and soo the Capsule is milked "ENO'S FRUIT SALT."
Without it you have bean impisid upon by a worthless imitation. Soil by all Chemists.
Prepared only at Eno’s “ Fruit Salt” Works, London, S.E., by J. C. lino's Patent.
DISORDERED STOMACH & BILIOUS ATTACKS.
A Gentleman writes:—“Dec. 27, 1887. After twelve months’ ex¬
perience of the value of the ‘ VEGETABLE MOTO ’ I unhesitatingly
recommend their use in preference to any other medicine, more particularly
iu bilious attacks; their action is so gentle, and yet so effective, that
nothing equals them in my opinion. They have never failed to give the wished-for relief. I take them at any hour, and
frequently in conjunction with a small glass of Eno’s ‘Fruit Salt.’—Yours gratefully, One Who Knows.”
ENO’S “VEGETABLE MOT O,” OF ALL CHEMISTS.
Price Is. i;d.» post-free, Is. 3d.
ENO’S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, HATCHAM, LONDON, S.E..
WOMEN MAKING CARPETS AT OUCHAK-
FOREIGN RUGS AND CARPETS
Of every Description, and in all Sizes, imported in Large Quantities by
TRELOAR & SONS, 68, 69, & 70, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C.
KURDESTAN CARPETS, 21s. each.; about 3yds. long, 5ft. wide.
113
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JULY 28 , 188 ?
NEW MUSIC.
QHAPPELL and OO.’S POPULAR MUSIC.
TV EAR HEART.
Hr TITO MATTE/.
This enormously i»opiilar Bong
Published in three keys.
TJEAVEN AND EARTH.
XX By PIN8UTI.
Sung hy .Madame Enriquez.
Thirty-second Edition now ready.
CNOWY-BREASTED PEARL. !
By JOSEPH H0B1NSON.
Sung by .Madame Enriquez, Edward Lloyd, A *. I
/ iHAPPELL and CO/S PIANOFORTES,
VJ HARMONIUMS, and AMERICAN ORGANS, for H!.r
Sale, or on the Three-Years’ System. New or Secondhand.
pHAPPELL and CO.’S IRON-FRAMED
\J OULKJUK PIANOFORTES, Manufactured expressly fm
I GLASGOW International EXHIBITION. PETER ROBINSON, Oxford-St.
! VX ADMISSION, ONE SHILLING. ±
ANNUAL SUMMER SALE.
__ ~"
rjLASGOW International EXHIBITION.
VX The BEST HOLIDAY PROGRAMME, a Trip to Bonnie
.. ' ’s Great World's Fair-. The
Scotland—A Visit t
G
LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
The Only International Exhibition in United Kingdom
>*. The Pres* of the World unanimously accord this
•iliou the highest place in Exhibitions held - •
PROCEEDING.
(1 LASGOW International EXHIBITION.
II S; oo id cheap Kxcurnoii* (inehiding A'lmis*ton) from
.il parts of the Kingdom. See Railway Tune-Tables.
parts of the World.
15 Guineas. Testimonials from all
The Royal
GUl-ItlNOi'K
Ac. Offlcisil Guuii*. .Tit.: II
p .*f. or nr Railway Stalls
with Mapntid F oo*.free fro:
pHAPPELL and CO.’S NEW ORGAN
HARMONIUMS, with Octave Couplers, from 1] guineas
PLOUGH and WARRENS CELEBRATED
yy AMERICAN ORGANS, from 0 guineas to 350 guineas.
Pronounced by the highest Judges to bo superior to ail others
m quality of tone. ILLUSTRATED LISTS,post-free.
GifAi't’iCM. and Co., 50. New Uond-street; and 15. Poultry, K.r.
TohFTeOADWOOD and SONS,
O 33, Great PuKetiey-atreei, London, W.
GOLD MEDAL INVENTIONS EXHIBITION, 1985.
GOLD MEDAL SOCIETY OF ARTS. ]HH5.
PIANOFORTES for SALE at from 25 to 250 guineas.
PIANOFORTES for HIRE.
; CILKS, DRESSES,
! W MANTLES, COSTUMES, DRAPERY, Ac.
900 Pieces COLOURED MOIRE
^ FRANCAISE .por yurd £0 4 11
200 Pieces COLOURED BROCADED SATINS,
: suitable for Tea Gowns, very rich per yanl 0 4 6
I Extra rich BROCADES, suitable for Court
I Trains and Bridal wear .. .. per yanl 0 7 11
500 CASHMERE and MERINO SILK EM
| BKOIDKKED ROBES, In Black, Browns,
Navy, Greys, Bronze, Ac., with double quantity
of wide Embroidery. each 19 6
, 33*.;
> It hi n
ltd.;
.Switzerland, Ac. Through —.. . .. -
street Station at * p.m„ Birmingham 4 p,m., Manchester 3iuu.,
Diinca^fer 4.4.* p.m., to Harwich, alongside the G.E.It. Com¬
pany ’* Steamer# to Antwerp ami Rotterdam every weekday;
and ilie General Steam Navigation Company's Steamers to
oduesdays and Saturday*. The Great Eastern
’* Steamers. Cambridge, Ipswich, and Nnr-
1 Vdel.-ude. Lady Tylei,
Hid Chill
... Ibtmi It11
01, ItCgell
n , E.C.
. Turn ..
>r of Con
.ind Infon—
icnial Manager
n ACCELERATED and IMPROVED SERVICE of FAST
ea, Wakon-on-Naz
o Yarmouth. Lowestoft. Clacton
r< BARDS’ PIANOS.—Messrs. ERARD, of
XJ la,Great Marlhorough-sireet, London,and 13,RuedeMail,
Paris, Makers to her Majesty and the Prince and Princess of
Wales. CAUTION the Public that Pianofortes are being Sold j
TOURIST, FORTNIGHTLY, and FRIDAY or SATURDAY
to TUESDAY TICKETS are issued by all train*.
A CHEAP DAY TRIP TO THE SEASIDE.
To Chicti iih in-Sca. Walton-on-Naze, and Harwich, Daily,
leaving Liverimol-sirm at. a. hi a.m. on Sundays, *.25 a.m. on
Monday*, and 7> n.in. on other days.
For full particulars see bills.
London, J unc, in*. Wm. Bibt, General Manager.
MarlliorougU-st., where new Pianos c
gained from 50gs.
P BARDS’ PIANOS. - COTTAGES, from
AJ- 50 guineas.
OBLIQUES, front 85 guineas.
GRANDS, . — -
3. from 125 guineas.
Founded, 1838; Rebuilt, 1887.
"\/f 00RE and M00RE.—Pianos from 16l gs.
■L»-L to loe gs. Organs from 7 gs. to so gs.; Three-Years’
8ysteiu, from 10s. 6d. (»er Month, or Cash. Lists free.
104 and 105, Bishopsgate-withiu, London E.C.
English church. The
Circular, with furthet
....-.AM Jonks, Esq., 3fl. Dr
pool; or ABTMUtt E. Jonkb, The Sanator
English society.
J B. CRAMER and CO., 207 and 209,
• Regent-street, London, w have a choice selection of
upwards of ion SECONDHAND Grand. Oblique, Cottage,and
their Three-Years’ System.
INVENTIONS EXHIBITION—The
X SILVER MEDAL has been awarded to J. B. CRAMER
and CO., for ” general good quality and moderate price of
pianos." Price-Lists free on application.—Regent-street, W.,
and Moorgate-street.
pRUISE TO THE NORWEGIAN FIORDS,
, yJ the BALTIC,&c.—The steam-yacht VICTORIA,1804 tons
register, I3on-Iior.»e i*>wer, R. 1>. LI N1IA.M, Commander,
Will IK* dispatched Irnlll Til.b«rt IWIr »« — Anir it.
for 16days'cruise to the Nor
125 SILK COSTUMES, in various
shades, less than half price, Including
material for bodice .from £2 3 0
480 COSTUMES of various Plain and Fancy
Materials, also Braided Cloth, usual price
39s. 6d. to 63s.110
ZEPHYR LAWN COSTUMES, reduced from
21s. to .0 14 9
350 SAILOR COSTUMES, Print Costumes, and
Jersey*, Ditto, usual price, 9s. fid. to 1 5s. .. 0 3 11
K50 BLACK PEAU.DU S0IE,
U PLUSH MOIRE, STRIPED SILK,
BEADED, GRENADINE, and LACE
MANTLES, in numerous designs, hand¬
somely trimmed Jet and lace, of exceptional
value, former price, 2 to 6 guineas, reduced to
1 guinea to £3 3 0
475 PELERINES, CAPES, FICHUS, and
SHORT DRESSY MANTLES, Black and
Colours, in combination of Silk and Jet, Lace
and Jet, Velvet and Jet, and many new and
effective designs, original prices, from 1 to
5 guineas, reduced to .. .. 15s. 9d. to 3 13 6
350 BLACK CLOTH MANTLES and VISITES,
trimmed Lace and Jet, original prices, 2 to
6 guineas, reduced to .. .. 29s. fid. to 4 4 0
.0 Baltic, The VICTORIA, it
'otcfti
PLEYEL, WOLFF, and CO.’S PIANOS.
A EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR SALE OR HIRE.
T
HOMAS OETZMANN and CO.
desire jt to be most distinctly understood that they ;
Piaaoforto Manufacturer* only
27, Baker-street, Kirt man-square.
their only address ii
Car It oil-chambers, 4, Regent-street, Loudon,
STEAMERS to NORWAY, the BALTIC, the
O ORKNEY and SHETLAND ISLANDS. Delightful and
K ipular 13 days' trips to the West Const and Fiord* of
or way from Leith and Aberdeen, EVERY SATURDAY
during JULY and AUGUST, by the magnificent Steam¬
ship* St. Sunniva and St. llngnvald. Both vessel* are lighted
hy electricity,are provided with all modern requisites for the
comfort of Passengers,and make the passage between Aber¬
deen and Norway in 30 hours. The St. sunmva make* a three-
week*’ trip to the Baltic, calling at t’hrisiiania, Copenhagen,
Stockholm, and St. Petersburg. Direct Steamers to tin; Orkney
ami Shetland Island* from Aberdeen and Leith five times a
OI6.-OETZMANN’8£IS PIANO. 7 Octaves, I
Iron plate. Thoroughly sound and strong. Warranted
for twenty years. Packed free, and sent to any part. I
THOMAS OETZMANN and CO., 37, Baker-street, London, W. <
carved bracket -, ami gilt i»nel front. These are remarkably
good pianos. Illustrated Catalogues sent free.
THOMAS OETZMANN and CO., 27, Baker-street, London, W.
,’ALMAINE and CO.’S PIANOS AND
ORGANS.—lie Senior Partner deceased.—Absolute Sale
Partnership. Ten years’ warranty. Easy
W ]J
D
. Good CottagePianos
any purchaser of an Insti
•u fare will lie refunded tf
CULLETON’S Heraldic Omco. Painting in liorablic cob
7s. Ud. Pedigrees tmeod. The correct colours for liver;
The arms of husband and wife blended. Crest engraved ....
seals and dies, 8s. «d. Book plates engraved in ancient and
modern stylos.—25, Crauhourn-streot, W.C.
/lULLETON’S GUINEA BOX of
yJ STATIONERY—a Ream of Paper and soo Envelopes,
Siam lied with Crest or Address. No charge fur engraving
steel die*. Wedding and Invitation Cards. A CARD
PLATE and fifty best Cards, Printed, 3s. 8d., post-free, by
T. CU LI,ETON, Seal Engraver, 15, Cranbourn-streot (corner of
St. Martiu's-lane), W.C.
A CCIDENTS all the Year Round.—Provide
against t hem by Policy of the RAILW A Y PASSENGERS’
ASSURANCE COMPANY. Hon. Evelyn Ashley, Chairman.
Animal Income,<£248,0X1. Invested Capital and Reserve Fund,
£375,000. Compensation paid for 120.1X10 Accidents, £2,v«..ooo.
*'-- J —-- ! —■— Prompt and Liberal
pHOCOLAT
DIPLOMA OK HONOUR.
J EPHTHAHS VOW. by EDWIN LONG,
R.A.- Three New Pictures-I. ’’ Jcphtliali's Return’’
2. "On the 3101111 tain8.” 3. “The Martyr.’-NOW ON VIEW,
with his celebrated “Anno Domini" “Zeuxis at Croton*/'
Ac., at THE GALLERIES, 168. New Bond-street. Ton to Six.
Admission. One Shilling.
H'HE
NOW ON VIEW at the DORK'
T HE NEW GALLERY,
-X Regent-street.
The SUMMER EXHIBITION r* NOW OPEN from 9 a.in. to
7 p.m. Admission One Shilling. Season Tickets Five Shillings.
r'HOCOLAT MENIER in i lb. and i lb.
PACKETS.
For
BREAKFAST.
LUNCHEON,and SUPPER.
^JIIOCOLAT MENIER.—Awarded Twenty-
ex ccod* 26,000.000 lb.
WALKERS CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES.
"1 An Illu*trated Catalogue of Watches and Clocks nt
reduced prices sent free on nppiicatuin to
JOHN WALKER. 77, Cornhill; mid 230, Regent-street.
QOCKLE’S
^NTIBILIOUS
£<HOCOLAT MENIER.
piLLS.
Bold Bvcirwltere.
* DVICE TO MOTHERS.—Are you broken
in your rc*t by a sick child, suffering with the pain of
cutting teeth ? Go at once to a chemist and get a bottle of
Mrs. WINSLOW’S SOOTHING SYRUP. It will relieve the
poor sufferer immediately; it is perfectly harmless; it pro¬
duces natural, quiet sleep, by relieving the child from pain ;
JJAY FEVER CURED BY
TAR. DUNBAR’S ALKARAM, or
U Anti-Catarrh Smelling-Bottle.
^LKARAM.- JJAY FEVER.
^LKARAM. JJAY FEVER.
^LKARAM. JJAY FEVER.
F inhaled on the first symptoms, ALKARAM
will at once arrest them, and cure severe owe* in half an
hour. Bold by all ( heiuisU, ft. fld. a Bottle. Addreaa, Dr.Dunbar,
o*re of Measrs. F. Newbery and Bona, I, King Edward-*^ K.C.
QOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS^
pOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
yj FOR
/COCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
yy FOR IN Dll
FOR INDIGESTION.
pOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
yy FOR UKAJ
FOR HEARTBURN.
VALUABLE DISCOVERY for the HAIR.
" If your hair i* turning grey., or white, or falling off,
without leaving the disagreeable smell of in
It makes the hair charmingly beautiful, as w
the growth of the hair on bald emits, wher
not decayed. “The Mexican Hair Rcncv
Chemists and Perfumers everywhere, at 3a. Gt
TAYLOR’S CIMOLITE is the only
X- thoroughly harmless SKIN POWDER. Prepared by an
experienced Chemist, and constantly prescribed by the most
eminent Bkin Doctors. Post-free. Bend 14 or 36 penny stamps.
TAYLOR, Chemist, 13, Baker-street, London, W.
pETJER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
By
Special
LADIES’ DRESSES.
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
SPEARMAN
JL2STJD
SPEARMAN,
pIiTmtoitth;.
EXQUISITE DRESS MATERIALS
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
The highest taste, best qualities, and cheapest
prices. In Pure Wool only.
Orders are Carriage Paid; and any length Is cut.
BUY DIRECT FROM
SPEARMAN and SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH, DEVON.
£ 270 , 000 .
JENNER & KNEWSTUB, LIMITED,
have purchased the entire Stock of a Diamond Merchant
and Manufact uring Jeweller to the value of
SEVENTY THOUSAND POUNDS,
consisting of magnificent
STARS, TIARAS, NECKLACES, BRACELETS,
BROOCHES, SOLITAIRES,
EARRINGS, PENDANTS, SCARF PINS,
GEM RINGS, &c.,
which they are selling at HALF-PRICE, thna affording an
unprecedented opportunity for making advantageous
purchases.
An inspection of thin extremely cheap and very beautiful
collection is most re«jM'Ctfiillj/ incited.
JENNEB & KNEWSTUB,
to Her Majesty the yuccn and T.K.1I. the Princo and
J°S
Second Edition, sewed, is.,
BULL’S ARMY. From a French
If View. By HECTOR FRANCE, late Captain of
hittaker and Co.. Paternoster-square, E.C.
Cheap Editiou, 2s. boards; 2s. Gd. cloth. Postage, 4d.
J ACOBI’S WIFE. By ADELINE
BARGS ANT ' ^ --
London: Spk.vckh Bi.a
WILD FLOWERS at a Glance.—Messer’s
v v iiiarvcllim* sight-Rystem of diidinguishing them, art no
dissections illustrated. “.Simple, ingenious.''—Academy. “ a
striking work.” — Schoolmaster. “Invaluable.” — Public
Opinion. !<>». «d.—D ipuohe and Batkmas, Sheflicld-st., W.C.
pANCER AND 1 SIMPLE TUMOURS
yy DISPERSED BY ELECTRICITY. By (J. EDGELOW, M.D.
I. Ren*
, 356, Strand, W.C.
THE MATRIMONIAL HERALD and
X FASHIONABLE MARRIAGE GAZETTE is the original
and only rccoguised medium for High-class Introductions.
The largest ami most successful Matrimonial Agency in the
World. Price 3d.; in envelope, 4jd. Address, Editob,
40, Lamb's Conduit-street, London. W.c.
TOWLE’S PENNYROYAL and STEEL
X PILLS for FEMALES. Sold in Boxos, Is. Hd. and 2a. Od.,
of all Chemists. Bent anywhere on receipt of i&orat staini>sby
the LINCOLN and MIDLAND COUNTIES DRUG CO.,Lincoln.
M
For . Nimimer .tar. Monte Carlo, adjacent to Monaco, i, one
of tile moat nuict, cliarinmK, and imclc.niic ,,t t .
Mclitcinincan 8oa.con»t. l'bo I'rmcimhij i ms a
voeelatinii, jet the numnicr lent la alaraya tcmiKtrcd l.j tl, 0
.evl.rcezca. The l.cacl. la covered with the anttcat ann.l ■ i he
Hotels are grand and numerous, with warm sea-baths -mil
Micro are comfortable villas and apartments, rcnlcto ’wm.
riasi:’"' “ " l B " roe ot °“ r 1 »-»...
'*.. ' the only sea-liathing town on the Mediterranean
. ‘ as t lio
bicii offers to its vi
Veiieti-m Ki’to* '* c tlie hanka of ‘bellbine-Tbcatre,Concerts.
TliortMS.perlmps.no town in the world that can c«<n 1 are in
the beauty of it* ]M>*ition with Monte Carlo, or 111 it* *i.>nal
fascinations and attractions—not only hy the favoured climate
and by the inviting scenery, bin also by the facilities of every
kind for relief in cases of illness or disease, or for the
restoration of health.
As a WINTER RESORT, Monaco occupies the first place
among the winter stations on the Mediterranean so.-t-bonior,
on account of »te climate, us numerous attractions, and tlie
elegant pleasures it has to offer to its guests, which umkc
it to-day the rendezvous of the nristocratic world, the *11,1
most frequented by travellers in Europe; in short,Monaco
and Monte Carlo enjoy a perpetual spring. Monte carlo is
only thirty-two hours from London and forty mimiics from
Nice.
S T. G O T H A R D RAILWAY,
SWITZERLAND.
The most direct, rapid, picturesque, and delightful route to
Italy. Express from Lucerne to Milan in eight hours.
Excursions to the liigi by Mountain Railway, from Arth
Station, of the Got hard line. Through-going Slecqurig-rnrs
from Ostend to Milan. Balcony Carnage*, safciv Brakes
Tickets at all corresponding Railway Stations, and’at Cooks’
and Gaze’s Offices.
A IX-LES-BAINS.—Grand Hotel Europe.
A One of the most renowned and iiest conducted in Europe.
Patronised by Royal Family, aoo sunny chambers. Refilled
table. Large gardens; lawn-tennis.—B busabcon, Proprietor
tucatncai season, .nay to iictoncr: concerts, coimdv,
grand oi»cra, oi»cra comiquc, and other reiireseiitation* ;
Orchestra, sixty tier formers; night fetes. iJliumimiion*, fire¬
works, and grand balls. A. ViuiKil, Director.
A NDERMATT, Switzerland.—Hotel Belle
a\. Vue ami Kurlmus, near the Guo*client 11 station of ihe
Got hard Railway. Magnificent position, altif ude 4.T»> ft. Pure
air; less windy than Davos. Open summer and winter, for
persons suffering from lung affection
T)ADEN-BADEN.—Hotel Victoria. First
•X.F class. Beautifully situated, nearest the Conversation
House and Frederick shad. Sanitary arrangements perfect.
Accommodation superior. Moderate charges.
V. Gjiomioi.z. Proprietor.
TYIEPPE.—Hotel Boyal, facing the sea.
-Lf Superior first-class bouse, worthily recommended.
Nearest the sea, the casino, and bathing cstalilishmcnt. Table
d’hote. Open all the year. LaiiKoNMtux, lYopr,
TUVIAN - LES - BAINS, Savoy. — Grand
X.J Casino; theatrical representations, operas, ronoorts,
liver affections, &c.
Bkusaud. Dire
T OECHE-LES-BAINS. Valais, Switzerland.
JLd Hotel de France. First-class. C..niimmicntimr with
the Thermal Establish him
T UCERNE.—Steam-boat travelling’ on this
JLi classical Lake is one of the principal phaones of
Tourists. The Saloon boats make eighteen knots, and lime
vailahlc by rail.
table-d’hotc. Tie
I UCERNE.—Pension New Schweizerhans.
J Comfortable English and American homo, near Hunts
and Rail. Large garden. Extensive ' lows of Alj>», lake, and
town. First medical recommendations. Pension, from six
francs. Joskpii hour. Proprietor.
T UCERNE.— Hotels Schweizerhof and
-Li Lucernerhof. An extra floor ami two new lift* added
to the Schweizerhof. The electric light is supplied 1111he50"
rooms; no charge for lighting or service.
Hauseii Fukukr, Proprietors.
IVfONT DORE-LES-BAINS, Puy-de-D6mc.
-t»L Bathing KstaMishim-nt rerommended for Hnmrhilis
and Asthma, also for Liver. Spleen, and Gout. There are eight
spring*, varying from Mi deg. to nil deg. Scasou, June to
September ; altitude, tills* deg.
A/rCRREN, Switzerland.—Grand Hotel dee
1*L Allies. Altitude, 1650 yards. One of tho most be:inufn)
spots in Switzerland. This Hotel is just ’ . *
Stem bach. Lauterbri
niiiucation with tlio iiotel
s
WIT Z E R L A N D. — The Vitznau - Rigi
Railway, the shortest, cheapest, and most frequented way
c celebrated Rigi Kulni. i* via Lucerne and Viunati.wilh
•lion nt. Knit bad for the Rigi-Scheideek.__
tPIIUN.—Hotel Pension Baumgartra. situated
L jn centre of large ifirk. The only hotel with ch-vated
lMisilioii. Splendid views of Lake, Glaciers,and •Sloekhitrli.
Family house ; old reputation : iimkIcv are charges.
Bv.iui K-Si.Am.KU. Propn. i..r.
yURICH.—Hotel Bellc-Vue au Lac. First-
/-J class Hotel, mostly frequented by English and
Americans. On tlie new bridge, and near the landing of the
boats. Fora long stay, eight francs jmr day.
# Poiti., Proprietor.
PODRIGUES’ MONOGRAMS.
LX ARMS, CORONET, CREST, and ADDRESS DIES.
Engraved as Goiiib from Original ami Artistic Design*.
NOTE-PAPER aud ENVELOPES, i.rilliantly illuminated by
hand in Gold, Silver, Bronze, and Colours.
BEST RELIEF STAMPING, any colour. Is. per 100.
HERALDIC ENG RAVI NO. P AI NT I NO, a nil 1LLU M IN ATI KG.
All the New and Fashionable Note-Papers.
BALL PROGRAMMES. HII.LS-OF-FARE, GUEST CARDS,
WEDDING CARDS, INVITATIONS, aud BOOK PLATES.
A VISITING CARD PLATE, elegantly
engraved, and 100 CARDS Printed,for 4s. 6d.
RODRI GUES, 42, PI CCAD ILLY, LONDON.
T?RESH AIR for POOR LONDON
L CHILDREN.—For the small sum of in*. sub<enbe< 1. a
poor, pale-faced London child can be boarded out for »
in the country (431 last year; and 1**17 during I lie t:i*tim‘<
season sb—A. STY LEMAN HERRING, \ icar of ft. lam*,
C'lerkeuweli, 45, Colelnook e-row, K. ____
PLORILINE. For the Teeth and Breath.
A Is tJic I rest twilit Dciitift iceintlioy.irlili .it 1 li.
cleanses i«rtiallj..lecaje<l tcctU trmn all lanwne. nr Ii' J 1 *
sniiiinlnilic. lenvlnn tlicin lienrlj wlntc. iniiarti in n ' :
till frairrnnco to tlio l.rentli, Tlic Frustum Finn inc rein; tt«
. ... “i «s. 6d. jHir Bottle.
yt OLDEN HAIR.—Robare's AUREOLINE
tjr pr.Klnru the Ircmitifi.l nol.lcu clonr so niiicli ■<•«>'"*■
Warranted perfect ly harmle**. Price 5s. 6d. and u».»
prmcil.nl I'er/nliiers ami llliemiM. « 1, r< 1 ">«fli , ;">^•
Lents. It, H.jv uyiiEN ami SONS. 31 nml «, UttinerM*.
A CLEAR SKIN and Beautiful Complexion
obtained by using ,, ,
DINNEFORD'S EMOLLIE^JJfEAM-^lJ- Hnd 4s ’ ’
17'EATING’S POWDER.—Kills bugs, nioihs-
-IV fleas, and all insects uicrfcctly unrivalled). Harm
‘wSSs 1 “fN 1 “CHILDREN"Ire
perfect safety got rid of by using KEATING n
TABLETS. Tins, Is. ljd. each.___
Q.REY
uu HAIR.—Alex. Ross’s HAIR DYE
produces a perfect light or dark colour * for
2
THE ILLUSTRATED
u
s. Ittl
M,
srs
•» r*t**
wi*. F v
oe tb* «!
"J **finac
SwMrlad
Tf f ’iif
wW uc
i,i*r>A
IUi
{,n.r : jof*i
ur ft;
Bill*
-
eJiflClf
.itirf
,'i,j
ififl
LONDON NEWS, J 0lT 28, 1888.- „ 3
LT.CEXTEXAKY FESTIVAL
JULY 28, 1333
lit
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS
THK PARIS EXHIBITION.
The Lord Mayor entertained the members of the Executive
Council of the British Section of the Paris Exhibition at a
banquet at the Mansion House on July 21. M. Woddington,
the French Ambassador, was the principal speaker. Respond¬
ing to the toast of his health, ho said that ns the representative
of France in this country he should always strive to be on the
best possible footing with England. He thought that the
possibility of wars in Europe was not so great as a hundred
or even fifty years ago, owing to the growth of public opinion,
the introduction of universal service on the Continent, and
the invention of deadly instruments. The Lord Mayor next
proposed “Success to the Paris Exhibition of ISSil, and M.
lieorges Berger. Director-General of the Exhibition, acknow¬
ledged the toast. Sir Lyon Playfair gave “The Executive
Council of the British Section," for whom Sir Henry Roscoc
replied ; Mr. E. If. Carbutt proposed “ Science and Literature,"
and \V. H. M. Christie, Astronomer Royal, responded for
Science, Mr. George Augustus Sala replying for Literature.
In London 233.1 births and 12117 deaths were registered in
the week ending July 21. Allowing for increase of population,
the births were 374,' and the deaths .73!!, below the average
numbers in the corresponding weeks of the last ten years. The
deaths included 1 from smallpox, 2.7 from measles, 14 from
scarlet fever. Ill from diphtheria, 33 from whooping-cough,
.3 from enteric fever, (12 from diarrhoea and dysentery. 2 from
choleraic diarrhoea, and not one either from tvphns or ill-
defined forms of continued fever. Different forma of violence
cansed <74 deaths; III were the result of negligence or acci¬
dent among which were 13 from fractures and contusions,
5 from burns and scalds. 10 from drowning, 3 from poison, and
11 of infants under one year of age from suffocation, rive
cases of suicide were registered.
The Speaker gave his annual dinner to the Officers of the
House of Commons on July 25.
General Sir Edwin Johnson, G.C.B., late Director of Military
Education, has been elected a member of the council of the
Oxford Military- College.
The Lambeth Flower Show, for promoting window-garden¬
ing among the working classes, was held in the Lambeth
Palace ground on J nly 24. .
A fine flower show of the Roval Horticultural Society, with
which was combined n show of carnations and picotces. was
held on July 24 ill the drill-hall of the London Scottish
Volunteers, Bnckitigharo-gato. _
NOW HEADY.
92, ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
JANr.\HY TO JUNE, 1(88.
Elegantly bomul. cloth glk.®|]-
lii i'»Kr (’dvpm .. .. .. .. •• •• •• !»>*• mi.
r\!*Kk (or binding above. •• •• &*•
I'OKTFOMOS. for holding Six Months’ Nmnbrrs .. 4s. fid.
HKADIMi-UASKS (to hold One Number) .. .. 2s. Gd.
bo obtained at the < ifflco, 198. Strand: or of any Book roller or Newsagent.
yoi
THE HIGHLAND AND AGRICULTURAL 80CIRTY OF SCOTLAND.
For the tenth time the annnal show of the Highland and
Agricultural Society of Scotland has been held on the Green,
at Glasgow, 'lhe shorthorns were well represented, the
interest being divided between the Royal winner, Mario, and
Mr. Thomson’s exhibits. The former has also been awarded
the Tweeddale gold medal as the best ball in the yard ; Royal
Ingram, hitherto considered almost invincible, be g second :
and Master Shapeley third. In the two-year-old class Self-
Conceit, first at the Royal, has repeated her victory. Viewed
as bocf producers, the Aberdeen polled cattle are, perhaps, the
great attractions of the show ; still they are not numerous.
Lord Tiveedmouth’s Cash and Mr. Mackenzie's Esquire
are superb specimens of the breed. The Dowager Conntess of
Leafield haR taken the first prize for two-year-old heifers with
Pride of Cullen, an animal possessing immense substance.
The Duke of Bueclcucli is first in tbe aged bull class with
Kinsman II.; and in the yearlings Sir. R. Jardinc, M.P.,
with Jubilee. A great feature of the exhibition is the
Clydesdale horses. The first prize in the three-year-old class
fails to the Duke of Portland ; but the best Clydesdale shown
is considered to be Prince Albion, bred by the late Mr.
Campbell, M.P. for the Ayr Burghs.
The Wesleyan Methodist Conference was opened at Cam¬
borne on July 24, when the Rev. Joseph Bush, chairman of
the First London District, was chosen president for the
ensuing year ; and the Rev. D. J. Waller re-elected secretary.
CMITH. ELDER, and CO.’S SEW BOOKS.
r0IH-I.AU EDITION OK - ROBKRT BLSMERK.”
IJOBERT ELSMERE. Rv Mrs. HUMPHRY
WAIt 11, Amli.ir „f • Mi.. Brcllicrl. n," Ac.
Vill 1' MK IV. i.fTiicXBW A.VD INIKOR.M EDITION nl Hie
/10MPLETE WORKS OF ROBERT
V BBOWNIXR
A IIl.iIT OX TltUsi'l'TlTIK-dx ~ ( i'll,I'Mill.- BIRTHDAY :
anil MEN AMI WOMEN
ll>- ROBERT BROWN;
THE RACES.
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA’S
NO STABLE IS COMPLETE WITHOUT
Tbit* Kill
ic will l«
• JKSS."
iniMi-lidl Mutll Illy.
I'OIH I..II1 EDITION OK II KI null RAI
Jll.l |>nhllrdll‘d, crown MYO; 2‘. —
1 ESS. Bv H. RIDER TI AG CARD. !
«9 Author **f “ Kiuix Solomon’* Mum.-,’’ ’Sin-: n |li»i«.r> -f
A'hvnnirr,” Ac.
" THK LATB Jfl« VKLKVS POEMS.
Now ready. leap nvu.i*.,
t MARRIAGE OF SHADOWS : And Other
I'iiK.MS. By M VRUARKTVKLKY. With Un»ixrn|»lin\»l
VOU’MK
llnnly I hi* Ha'
iiE SMITH, kldkh, and c
• IPCLAK i*. SKKIKS.
T OLA : A Tale of the Rock. By ARTHUR
Ji C It I KEITHS. AMlhi.r.’f ThrChr-m:ul.-...f Nrwg Ho." Ac.
Sfmr rw-! - i .''• •» N-
riiHE CORXIIILL MAGAZINE for
1 ,n i;r>T. coiiri'ron*.'. .vnofiir ..ilnT Article* of interc-t.
11
IHMiltlMACKS IN T
PK.XK ok Tl.
TURKISH T«
AulD-r of “ Demo.
London. Smit
FtUT-OFFK’K PARCELS AN
.- ... mm. «...»•.* intern*
• iti itK DU'KIA'S NOVKI.s?-TWO HUiri'l.
■ - N THK NI.VKTKKN’TII CKNTUKV.—TilK
KIKKK.-HOT WlNIW.-THK r.
• .• » LIFK’S MORN I >
Arc., On
>• Hni
TELEGRAPHS,
, . .irm*3, »HK*ar* in
ILLUSTRATED
nrit it nit.. .
THE ENGLISH
1 M AC A 7.1 NE for AUILUST.
Profit «ely Illii»tm'ed. (1>1.: hy mist. *d„ which cont.nil*
I. TlIJu PARISH CLERK. AfterCainshorougl). Fmnlia-
II. TH IjUATAGONf A. In Two Purl*. Parti. By Henry
III. A RUGBY RAMBLE. By II. A. Newton. WuU llliu-
nun*.
XXXV1II.— XI.. (continued*. By Prof. W.Mruto.
VII. THK Ol.l) TUV.ST. Hy Merle
VIII. MKMoUlKS. By S. A. Alcui
IX. KT L.KTIbBA. Byll.ll.Ti
Mai
i.. London.
only, vri
e., :d.,
MATEUIl WORK ILLUSTRATED, for
• H..W
»n« l>r\
Da
» Make
fluid*
Furui-
'I'MirVn’ A'lintr.nm—Klertiie Gilding at ll«*m«,4e.
ns kJ*
Ml FRETTED WOUK., is PRESENTED GRATIS with this
"luiiidoii: Warm, Lock, and Ci>., fialisbury-s»iuan\ K.C.
\ roi.oniF.ii rn-Tt-BR is piiesented gratis
with the A1"iirST M MBKR <uo»' ready). price ml., of
JYLVIA’S HOME JOURNAL of
“ T»to>, An ,ele«. N«dlr..»(k. Jf.
(ho Content* will iw Ininni-
or A NEW SERIAL entitled
SOLDIKK AND T11K MONK.
-Till: MADDOXES.” By Ml** JEAN
VOTES, hy LADY WOODLBIOH; pnRAMa
,'t-33 .mil.ii“iit-4li; IP»W TO MAKE DRKjW -S
T H'V'IK: PARTICU LAIts OF NEEDLEWORK UO.MPL-
'ITEST'^Lt*NDON^ANI) PARIS FASHIONS in
- - 1 - <\utnrr> |>re.**c»,
ILLUSTRATED by
rDh l, |hi* K N’umLor arc
’OMMKNf K
■ i in;
font innat ion of
MIDDLE MASS.
—IKTY NoTL-.
X i NT!XESS r IDii *i
>MK : PAUTIfl'L
N FOB MONEY I
' TEST LON Du..* . V o. .
it* and B*jnnct*. >cu'ide
id Vision* Costume*. 4c
nl Kngrauim.*.*.
FASHIONS
Vi.AlVllE “obOURED PLATE OP CHILDRENS SEA-
''"op NEEDLEWORK DESK
■ 1.01
n. L»m
and fo.,Sali*l
•e, E.C.
J. Kn
, Tlire.nd’needle-Ai
CELEBRATED BINOGULARS,
In Sling Cose. Viu-ivallvd for rower anti Definition.
»w IIIuhI rntoil rrlfe.I.I»l Free by Post.
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA,
I Optktaxs and Scientific Insthcment Makers
TO THE yi KKN,
llOLBOBN YIADICT, E.C.
; Braarhes: 45. Coriihilli 122. Ilegenl-strret:
j Photograplile Studio, Cryslal Palace. Sydenham.
Xegretil and Zambran Ii.u sTiivrED Catauim R of
Meteorologieul, Optical, Nautical, and Surveying Lustra-
rnenls, I3vo Engravings, price 5s. 8d.
3'eiephonc Xo. 658S.
Telegraphic Address: “ Negretti, London."
Ifiw ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE to July, 1888, now ready.
" t he g un ;„^mT» e p e ^ d ”
.s
•ALCLTTA, 1(03-1-
SAFETY, j , g -
ELLIMANS
-47
SLOUCH
uKijm
Wm
&
fACH
EMBROCATION
roit *nt\i>!*, crnMfi, and kpi.int* xviikn formivo.
K«»I& UVKIl-RKAOIIW. rNAPfM IIKK:.*, « IM> f.’.tt-Ui.
FOR RIIKI'MATIHM IN ltOR-*KS.
Kelt WORK THROAT* AN!» INKI.I’KNZ.X.
roll HUOkKN KXKKJ*. BHI’lhW, f.XPfKO HOTM,
Foil MillF. Hllon.liRIt*. * 41 ItK HACK*.
p E. LEWIS’S TREBLE GRIP, combined
U* will Xu-,.II :ir,.| D.-H'> - Cot kim-Miml Aiito-
- Any
I ilieu
?t trial
mde.-ll. K. LEWIS,!.
J r ... ..... w .7:jv. , l.,11,'. . or ll.llf-l ..mi l, ls.-l-f or,
II0MU30PATHIC DOMESTIC PHYSICIAN,
f Bv J. H. Pl’I.TE, M.D.
11.>v |pt>d, with Iiui*.*'rtan( Ad«Dtion*J.y Wa*Uin«ton Ej'F*,
„» 4 t c.imidete ili'iiiiiur wi.r'k i*ri‘hii*hed on hoimeoiwtli’c
!e *i- c!al!v nJai.r.fl for emigrant* and other* tmahlc
in any l<r<>f<‘««ioiuil advice. ^
"etc Medicine Chest, with copy of work inclosed. .'**,
CONSUMPTION
AND ALL DEBILITATING DISEASES OCBED BY
COMPOUND OXYGEN.
“NOT A DRUG." Pamphlet (l.H) pagesi. post-lrco,
with (lliTTilon* for Home inatment,
DSt. SPENCER and SUTTON,
12, Bloomsbury-mansions, London.
,-v useful."
HENRY Leach.
Master of S. Pembrokeshire Hounds.
ELLIMAN’S ROYAL EMBROCATION.
Bold l.y Chemi*t* and Saddler*. Price 2*., 2*. &1., 3*. fld.
Prepared only by KLLIMAaN, 80NS, & CO., Slough, Eng.
QOODWOOD A C E 8.
GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS.
SATURDAY, JULY 2*, and MONDAY, JULY 30. SPECIAL
FAST TRAI.nA FKOM VICTORIA for Pulhormigli. Annul. I.
I.lttleliaininon. Bognor, Drayton, tluche*ter, Hava-' •*-—*-
H<*r
and C
ii„ and MONDAY,
re* for the ah
it Train* from
SATURDAY. 4Cl.Y
Statim
■n the*e d*)*.
* Xt’Kft
i.. ken*in»i
X si’Kt'iAL FAST TRAIN H-l ami 2nd <>**) will leas
L THAI
m.ni.. K« ..
*. 22*. Al., h
i.ih., Keii*iiuitoii mu a.m., and London ItruLe
nr, *m. Ret nrn Fare*, iw*. and 2 iu.
XN KXTItA SPECIAL FAST TRAIN il*t tMa*B oulyi will
le iv c Victoria li.4Aa.ni. Uetnrn Fan . »•*.
TICKETS may he obtained im’viotiajy m the London Bridge
and Victoria Station*; and at the \Ve*t<Knd ticnernl oiF.-e*,
•** Regent .eircii*, Pirradilly; and *, tlrand Ilotel-fiiiih
Tn»falgnr-**|iiare. which .ifllee* mil remain «pt?M Hi) *•» 1-.
July 37. 2*. .v, and sj.iiml Aug. 1 and 2.
A .. a. S.xki.k, Secretary and tieneml Maim
»By Cl
‘ITALIAN EXHIBITIO X,
JL xX'c*t llroimiton, Karr*-Conrf. and We*t Ke»*niglon.
Pm mn:
HIS MAJESTY the KIND of ITALY.
Hon. Prenideni:
IMS ROYAL HIGHNESS the CROWN PRINCE of ITALY.
Dir
d J. T. NORTH.
IElliman^ Universal Embrocation.
Rheumatism.
Lumbaco.
Sprains
Bruises.
„ Chest Colds.
IISore Throat from Cold, \t\
Stiffness 1 ' 1 !
[Prepared only by ELLIMAW.SONS & Co Slough-EngJ
T1IK EXHIBITION OF TIIK YEAII. .
ITALIAN HCULITURB, PAINTINGS, and INDUSTRIES.
At 4 ami h. 3 o ion. Daily. Wet or Pry.
1 LK WEST- a 1 !f.N A V ^
Magnillcent Reprod
no:
COLISEUM.
T A L I A X EXHIBITION.
ILLUMINATED GARDEN* FKTK EVERY EVENING.
IKVKHAL MILITARY BANDS DAILY, from I to >1 )Qii.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
1 . .
i; 1ST M M UK 11 JUST OCT.
■XJIfELDON'S LADIES’JOURNAL. PriceM.;
YV »,V iM.Hf, 4|«l. Given away, a Paper Pattern «.f New
Braided Mantle, a Coloured Plate of Summer Cost nine*.
Mantle*. Ar. Kixfy Illiednnon* of Summer Dc*ipm\ Fumy
Work, Cookery. Beauty hy Pre**. &e.
WELDON’S DRESSMAKER. Price Id. ;
YY poM-fiee.2d. A elianmng Coloured Plate of Summer
Fashion* gu cn away. Fifty f Hu*rratioi.»mf Summer l>e*ig»*.
IJow |o nil-oiil. ijnantity i»f maierial renured. 4e.
’yyELDONS BAZAAR OF CHILDREN'S
Girl*
d Pro*
«t-free. 2d.
i,iih
ELDON’S SMOCKING. How to Smock
ment * for Liulic* and Children.. ,
•free, 74 d.: or I*arta I to II ot tbeSer.c*,
1 ..mt-frce.fi*
W ..
Price fid. each ; \*
Wchl
Veld nil
* Kniti
•’<? Part*)
(2 Part*)
Vehh-. -
Vehloii’*
Wrl< Ion
g Kniner.
•tilcwurk.
ROBINSON l CLEAVER’S LINEN
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
COLLARS Igidie*' t-fold. from **«. ««• l«‘r
do i. Gent’* 4-fold, from 4*. I Id. i*er iloz.
CUFFS: For iAdir*. Gentlemen, and
Children, from ft«. Il<l. |*er dot
Price-Lists amt Samples, post-free.
ROBINSON l CLEAVER, BELFAST.
: and ITo, Piccadilly.
ROWLANDS’
ODONTO
Is the best
TOOTH POWDER ;
whitens the Teeth |
fcjoJi and prevents decay : ]
!■ contains no acid or j
gritty substances.
Buy only
3® ROWLANDS’
Of ODONTO.
Sold everywhere. [
akttifc<E®«
<&e<xo
PAUTION. LADIES
W They nrc simply l!io refuse of the Chii
should avoid tnc Cheap Teat
being wild ns genuine.
Chinese markci*, and
d lasiolcs*.
DAKIN & CO., Established 1844, one of the
LAHIIKSr TB .I norsBS IX THK WORLD,
supply ONLY PURE TEAS, COFFEES, be..
of UNSURPASSED QUALITY, and
GUARANTEE a DIRECT SAVING in Prices.
Number One.St. Paul s-churchyard, & Oxford-circus.
sexii r.ia puicx-i.int. »«i ™»iun
are now laying.
ALL SAMPLES POST-FREE.
DAKIN «SC CO.,
Oificeu U XVareliuuui's C.VRTEK-LAXE, E.C,
ATOSE AND THROAT DISEASES.
11 By GEORGE MOORB, M.P.
London: Jam kh Kui‘* and Co., 1 70, Piccadilly.
V riTREMAIXIE (Stained Windows). By
Ihiaaimple proce** WIN DOWS may he .niirkly and richly
FOR COCKATOO
SPECIAL YARNS, "'S'*
embroidery,
anti all kinds of fancy work.
Apply to W. rlSON & CO., (itwtholiuc Mills,
“ ’ nuiU v-in-IVliarfclali-, LEEDS.
NUDA VERITAS
res grey or tailed lair t" •**
„i»l colour. Pauses gra*lh eu
laid spots.
HUDA VERITAS, for tsrrutt-
j.srtT*! Mo*t effectual, harmlew.
ud permanent.
K„h! in cam* at IN. «•»-, Iff »»
Perfumer*. t’hemi*t». *»’•. ff 0 " 1
ircular* may he had.
■ nr, « ,Z'J"
patent
DIAGONAL S£AM CCRSEf.
ivrfect Comfort.tiuarahJ^J
- -nrlhlc*- onita
duld by all bn»i>er* and Ladie* OutllU®r*>
- THE H.I.USTRATET) LOKPOK KEWa
V V x <#> #/ < 0 ? ^
r
v*i , ^ #
CV
GREAT COMPETITION!
THE VOICE OF THE TRADE!
© CONVINCING PROOF!
BEECHAM’S PILLS
V TAXtl WITHOUT A. RIVAL.
The Chemist an d Druggist,” the recognised organ of the
drug trade, in order to test the popularity of the various classes
of goods sold by Chemists, recently offered prizes in a Com-
petit.on, subscribers and their employes only being eligible to
compete, and received 635 replies. One query, “ Which is the
most popular Patent Medicine for internal me?” is answered by
577 competitors out of the 635 —“ BEECH AM'S PILLS.”
BeECHAM’
IX PLAIN WORDS—
- ^77 Votes.
OTHER PREPARATIONS, securing between them ONLY
NOTE THE ASTOUNDING FACTS!
BEECHAM’S PILLS
Declared by 90 per cent of the Retailers to be the most popular,
and nine times more used than all other principal Patent
Medicines put together.
BEECHAM’S PILLS, SAINT HELENS, ON THE, GOVERNMENT STAMP AFFIXED TO EACH BOX.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS. JrtY 28. 1888.—116
THE WIMBLEDON MEETING.
The last animal meeting of the National Rifle Association at
Wimbledon was brought to a close on Saturday, July 21. We
present, as is our custom, a portrait of the winner of the
Queen's Prise in the final stage of the contest on Tuesday,
July 17. This prize of £250, with the gold medal of the Asso¬
ciation and the Championship Badge for the year, was won by
Private Fulton, of the 13th Middlesex Rifle Volunteers, who
made a total score of 280—namely, 86 at the first stage, 110 at
the second, 43 at the range of 800 yards, and 41 at the
000 yards’ range. After his victory at Wimbledon, Private
Fulton was promoted to the rank of Sergeant. Mr. Fulton, the
first member of his battalion who has won the Queen's Prize,
brings the prize back to London for the second time since 1884,
before which it had long been absent. He has been six years
in the Queen's Westminsters, is thirty years of age, and had
the honour of making a tie for the St. George's this year.
He is a wood engraver, residing at Battersea.
The results of the shooting since our last issue was pnt
to press have now to be recorded.
The principal events on the I8th were team-matches for
the United Service Challenge Cup between eights of the
Volunteers, Royal Marines, Regulars, the Navy, Yeomanry,
and Militia ; the Kolapore Cup, shot for by representatives of
the mother conntry and the Colonies ; and the Chancellor's
Plate. The Volunteers won the United Service match, the
Kolapore Cup was taken by the Home team, and the
Chancellor's Plate was gained by the Cambridge team. The
Albert Jewel, being the second stage-prize of the great Any
Rifle Competition, was won by Quartermaster Arrowsmith, of
Bristol.
On the 19th the Elcho Challenge Shield was won by Ireland
with a score of 1632, England having made 1642, and Scotland
1368. The Ashburton Challenge Shield, shot for by the public
schools, was taken by Clifton College with 455, Cheltenham
being 433. and Eton 432. Lieutenant Wall, of Bradfield, won
the Spencer Cup. During the day Princess Louise and the
Marquis of Lome paid a visit to the Canadian Camp.
The Comte de Paris was among the visitors on the 20th to
witness the Loyd-Lindsay cavalry competition, a combination
oi hnrdle-racing and shooting, the prize for which was taken
hy the Dorset Yeomanry ; the second by the West Somerset
term. In the Mappin, a similar contest on foot, the winners
were the Hon, Artillery Company’s team, with a score of 103 ;
the first sqnad of the 1st London coming in second with 186 ;
the Queen’s Westminster squad also making 186. In many of
the individual competitions there were more highest possible
scores than have been recorded in previous years. The Dudley
prize was won with ten successive bull’s-eyes at 1000 yards by
Major McKerrell, who also took the Bass prize.
The business of Saturday, the 21st, comprised bnt two
events. The first was the new Cyclists' Competition. Ten
teams, ench of four men, were entered. The conditions were,
that the teams should ride about seven-eighths of a mile, and
should fire, during the ride, each man ten rounds, at a second-
class target, the range being about 430 yards. The course was
along the road running parallel to the butts. The cyclists rode
half the distance, then dismounted, and fired the forty rounds
allowed for each team of four men, lying on the grass close to
their machines, and just off the road ; then they rode back to
the starting point. All kinds of cycles were allowed ; bicycles,
tricycles, and the ingenious multicycle, carrying four men,
of the winning team, which was the 1st Company of tho
2nd Warwickshire Volunteer Battalion. Eight minutes were
allowed, in all, to ride the distance and to complete the firing ;
and points wero deducted from those teams who took more than
that time. The first prize, of £20, was awarded to the team
of the 2nd Warwickshire, as stated : and the second prize, of
£10, to that of tho London Rifle Brigade. The men carried
SERGEANT FULTON, 13th MIDDLESEX,
WINNER OF THE QUEEN’S THIZE AT WIMBLEDON.
their rifles either slung over the back or attached to the
machine. This was the first appearance of the military
cyclists at Wimbledon.
The contest for the Royal Cambridge Challenge Shield did not
begin till late in the afternoon. It is a competition restricted
to sections of fonr men from the regular cavalry, bnt under
similar conditions to those which govern the Loyd-Lindsay
competition for yeomanry and mounted rifles. The Uvo Hussar
teams made the best time, bnt the lowest scores. The Royals
not only rode well, bnt shot well, and won the first prize hy 97,
one point over the 16th Lancers. While the last competition
was in progress, the Prince and Princess of Wales, with whom
were Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud, drove into the
Council enclosure amid hearty cheers from an assembled crowd
of Volunteers and their friends. The Qneen's Westminster, to
whose ranks the Gold Medallist of this year belongs, furnished a
guard of honour nnder command of Lieutenant-Colonel Howard
Vincent, M.P. The Clifton boys, as winners of the Ashburton
Shield; the Irish Eight, who came to bear away the Elcho Shield;
and the Canadians were loudly cheered ; but individual prize¬
winners evoked little excitement until Private Fulton ad¬
vanced to take the Queen's Prize for 1888. “ See the conquering
hero comes ” announced his approach, and gave the signal for
loud plaudits ; and then the strains, changing to “God Save
the Queen," betokened that the last of the Wimbledon meetings
was at an end.
THE PLAYHOUSES.
To write a successful Adelphi melodrama seems, to the
dramatic student, as easy a task as shelling peas. There are
certain obvious rules and conditions to be Btudied. In the
first place yonr heroine must be ns innocent as new milk. She
must be pure and without reproach. The virtuous cream of
her existence must not be disturbed by even a suspicion of
adulterating water. She must have fed on the roses and lain
on the lilies of life. Then again, your hero must be brave and
beautiful, with a bronzed face and a biceps big enough to
knock down an ox or to floor half-a-dozen marines who oppose
his reckless course. He must be sufficiently athletic to jump
through a port-hole into the sea. and lucky enough to escape
being Bhot as he swims to shore, the target for innumerable
bullets. Put your Adelphi hero into uniform and all will be
well. Let him have enlisted into the army or navy and risen
in the services by plnck and gallantry, or passed into either
service after a spirited competition at Woolwich, Sandhurst, or
on board the Britannia. The policeman-hero has yet to engage
the attention of Mr. Henry Pettitt and Mr. Sidney Grnndy.
And then the villain or villains. In proportion as
the heroes or heroines are spotless in conduct and honour
so must the scoundrels he unspeakably vile. Sir. Beveridge
was ordinarily considered bad and base enough to oppose the
virtuous tradition of the Adelphi; bnt now-a-days it is con¬
sidered necessary to supplement him with Mr. Cartwright, who
outdoes in the Strand the direful deeds that were once associ¬
ated with Mr. E. S. Willard in Oxford-street.
Joking apart, however, the new play, called “ The Union
Jack," is on excellent specimen of honest, wholesome work.
It is a stirring play, well acted, well mounted, full of pic¬
turesque scenes, and there is not a sentiment in it that could
be cavilled at by a Sunday-school teacher. It teaches men to
be brave and chivalrous, and women to be honest and self-
reliant and pure ; the wicked who repent are forgiven, and
the evil who glory in their misdeeds ore promptly pnnished ;
and it would be difficult to recommend to the ordinary sight¬
seer a bolder, more creditable or comprehensive piece of work.
It is quite true that the raison d'etre of dramatic performance
is to amuse and not toinstruot, to please the people and not to
preach to them ; but if, in arranging for harmless pleasure, a
manager can contrive to suggest healthy sentiment, so mnch
the better, and so much the more creditable the task. The
Messrs. Gatti have conducted their theatre on excellent prin¬
ciples. and hence the enviable popularity of their playhouse.
Mr. William Terriss has once more been invested with a
character that exactly suits his temperament. He has a
fine voice, and here he has an opportunity of showing it. He has
a pleasant smile, and it proves grateful to his audience. He has
a buoyant, frank, self-reliant style, and he animates the whole
audience with his own enthusiasm. The hero of the new play,
of conrse, does wonderfnl things. In order to avenge the
honour of his ruined sister he pursues her betrayer, is falsely
accused, degraded, ruined, and suffers both humiliation and
scorn before he is re-established in the favour of his superior
officers and in the eyes of society. The strong popularity of
M r. Terriss will not suffer from his present performance, that is
as gay, as heroic, and as animated as ever. The best scene in the
play, where the sad, rained little sister confesses her shame to
the brother she loves, is acted by Mr. Terriss with great
charm and unaffected pathos, and it is almost to be
regretted that the play does not afford more chance for
tho deliberative and thoughtful side of the actor's art.
The sister in question, who would be the heroine of the
play were it permissible for an Adelphi heroine to ever
have made a mistake, is played by MiBS Olga Nethersole
with great earnestness, simplicity,and charm. She is certainly
the most interesting female character in the play ; and, com¬
paratively unknown in London, Miss Nethersole has made a
i
'JEi^Ljl'I.ItSTItATED tonroow K jj ws
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Good Complexion!
and Nice Hands!
VTOTHTMn _ .
lam
24IWISS/ , T0 “ ^ v ^ c nunas:
i -L N complexion, and T siskin. ® S a bright ' clear
ni • ™°st regular features are hm- mi/ii ^ out t ^ em the handsomest and
plainest become attractive; and yet there i whilst with them ‘be
> The regular use of a properly wenareH ^ • advantage so easily secured.
L ^ Publlc hav « ^t the requisite knolT 18 of the chi « f means; but
6“ guide them to a proper selection " owledge of ‘be manufacture of Soap to
ra eea /£ r rfUmC t0 ° gently outweighs^he more * pre “ y C ° Iour ’ or an
> " Z ' ■ <**, Companion of the Soap itself a K ,m P ortant consideration,
1 „ .. 1S spoked which wo uld 7 be enhatedt vroJrZ^ 7 * g00d ““P^xion
r* n I I W most *.. 1 , .. T --— I
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to-day"
f, thanks to
r? n A ’“!![ Eminent Authority on the Skin,
Professor Sir Erasmus OJilson, RRS
„„ ^ m the of Cutaneous Medicine - *
-t h0 alta,°toVaTnlfrUs 1 oompledon*° preBerve the Skin in
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.. n ’ c f t a nd most careful maMf Jture ”* articIa of th <=
| ^^_^£_agrecablo of balms for th« SHn ■■ ’ d of toe m08t refreshing
T winter o* "Immet' 1 PeaSS? 1 TRANSParen“• th . e weather ’
character ?Ednas'NoS!ls’,
maintained, and a pood, healthful and attractivN**&* reh ' et y condition
able and lasting perfume, beautiful drill com P ltx ‘™ ensured. Its agree-
Testimonial from " ~
fizadame Adelina Patti
,L,
h m$0§§
For
AND
BEWARE of the numerous fraud u-
Jeut appliances vvljich tire constantly beiug
mlvortUeU at extortionate prices, and in
which there is nothing Electric but the name;
thev arc absolutely devoid of any Electrical
properties whatever. This is the only genuine
:md sinipl" iorm of_ applying Electricity,
Ask your medical man.
the system by
us that vital
distinct success. Miss Mi 11 ward, though she is not connected
with the strong vein of dramatic interest that runs through
the play, acts with admirable force and intensity. Sbc is
becoming a powerful and very valuable actress in strongly
emotional characters. All the last acts depend upon her
nervous strength, and she is not found wanting when she
is called upon. In an artistic seuse the prize for good acting
should, however, be awarded to Mr. Charles Cartwright, who,
out of very small materia), gives a picture of a modern villain
of a very unconventional pattern. His is not the ordinary
villain of the “ Vic,” who shows his temperament by scowls
and gestures. Wo see the man's heart as well as bis face; his
nature as well as his manner. It is no easy task for an actor
to evolve such a character out of the ordinary dialogue
presented to him to study. Only artists can do this, and Mr.
Cartwright can claim that distinction. Of course it is a
repulsive character, one with which no one can sympathise ;
but it is a type. The actor does not flinch from his work, but
goes boldly at it, winning his way by subtlety and thought.
Mr. Cartwright is an actor of brains, as opposed to the ordinary
actor of beauty. Mr. J. L. Shine has done nothing so well on
the stage as his rollicking tar, the very soul of good-nature ;
and he has to assist him in the comic scenes Miss Clara Jecks,
one of the cleverest little actresses on the stage, who makes
the most of every line that is given to her. Mr. Beveridge,
Mr. Dalton Somers, Miss Sal lie Turner, and many more, arc
very usefully employed, and in few recent Adelphi dramas has
the acting been so even and good. The play is mounted in the
very best style, and the electric light has already done wonders
at the Adelphi. The theatre, always well ventilated, is de¬
lightfully cool, and the stage looks far prettier and brighter
with the new light than with the old gas. There is not the
slightest trouble or difficulty in adapting electricity to re¬
volving scenes, and doubtless, in a short time we shall sec it at
every theatre in London, whereby heat will be lessened and
danger minimised. Messrs. Gafcti thoroughly deserve the
success that has attended careful management and liberal
enterprise. All the country cousins will be flocking to see
“ The Union Jack,” and it will be waving over the new and
improved Adelphi long after the bard-worked world has re¬
turned from rest and summer holidays.
For the very first time in the memory of man the month
of August is lo be given up almost wholly to the theatre.
Hitherto there has been a pause in theatrical excitement after
July. The dramatic critic has been allowed one brief mouth's
holiday. But it is not so this year. Mr. Daniel Bandmann
has come forward to destroy our peace. It was all comfortably
arranged that Mr. Richard Mansfield should open at the
Lyceum with his version of Louis Stevenson's story, “ Dr.
Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,” early in September. The play and the
performance having made a great hit in America, Mr. Mansfield
was naturally anxious to try his fortune in England. All was
arranged. The American company brought over by the clever
youngactor had actually landed in England, when up starts Mr.
Bandmann with a new "Jekyll and Hyde ” that had received no
American cachet, and the Opera Comique Theatre is promptly
taken, in order to anticipate his comrade and brother in art. But
Mansfield happens to be as sharp as Bandmann, so, without
a moment's consideration, he decided to start work at the
Lyceum in the month of August, originally marked out as a
holiday. Mr. Mansfield will accordingly be first in the field
on Saturday, Aug. 4, anticipating by a few horns the Band¬
mann play on Bank Holiday, Aug. 6. This is as it should be,
although a double dose of “ Jekyll and Hyde ” in the month
of August may be trying to the dramatic constitution.
IE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NET
There will be an important change at the Princess's Theatre
on Thursday, Aug. 2, when will be produced an American
sensation fire-engine drama, called u The Still Alarm,” one of
the examples of highly-coloured realism that obtain favour at
certain seasons of the year.
Meanwhile Miss Sophie Eyre is preparing for her autumn
campaign at the Gaiety, and she proposes to open the doors of
that theatre under her temporary management either on
Friday or Saturday, Ang. 3 or 4. The first venture will be a
new version of “Mr. Barnes of New York,” called “Marita ”
by John Coleman, an earnest actor and a capable dramatist.
Miss Sophie Eyre will, of course, be the Corsican beauty. At'
the end of August, the promised version of Rider Haggard's
“ She” will be ready, a play that has occupied the combined
intellects of four dramatists. Mr. Haggard, Mr. Edward Rose.
Mr. W. Sidney, and that clever young lady, Miss Clo. Graves,
have all had a share in “ She ” : and it may be hoped that, in this
instance, too many cooks may not spoil the dramatic broth. Miss
Sophie Eyre has, however, a third iron in the fire. A new play,
written by Mr. and Mrs. John Aylmer, and founded on a
pathetic story by Ouida, will “ follow on ” if there be time.
Here are, surely, novelties enough for the month of August,
and possibly in the year 1888 the wretched dramatic critics
will get a fortnight's holiday. Let us hope so; for what with
matinees and night performances it has been a desperately
trying and exhausting year.
In a letter to the Morning Post the Duke of Newcastle
contradicts the report that he was about to join the Roman
Church.
Sir George Pringle will retire from the office of secretary
to the Ecclesiastical Commission at the close of the present
session, after a service of about forty-five years, and will bo
succeeded by Mr. Alfred De Bock Porter, who has held the
position of financial secretary for seven years.
Mrs. Fawcett pnts forward an irresistible plea for help for
the “humble* little organisation” called the Travellers' Aid
Society. This institution devotes itself to securing the safety
and comfort of girls who arrive in London friendless or other¬
wise in distress. It rescues them from the dangers which
would naturally beset them, and, whenever possible, sees
that they arrive happily at their destination. Much of the
society’s work is done gratuitously, but it must needs have
expenses, and these the public is asked to assist in defraying.
JYow Ready—Second fid it ion of
MR. RIDER HAGGARD’S NEW STORY,
“MR. MEESON’S WILL,”
EXTRA SUMMER NUMBER
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
Fully Illustrated by A. F011K8TIER and G. MONTBABD.
TWO PRESENTATION PICTURES
nr cox.oirRs f
“LOVE MR, LOVE MB NOT," and “A TIFF.”
ONE SHILLING. By Inland Parcel Post, Is. 3d.
IDS, Strand, London; and of all Booksellers and Newsagents.
JULY 23, 18S8
OBITUARY.
ADMIRAL THK HON. SIR. K. HARRIS.
Admiral the Hon. Sir Edward Alfred John Harris, K.C.B.,
whoso death we briefly referred to in our last Number as
.having taken place at his seat. Sandling Park, near Hythe, on
July 17, was the second son of James Edward, second Earl of
Malmesbury, by Harriet Susan, his wife, daughter of Mr.
Francis Bateman Dash wood, of Well Yale, Lincolnshire ; was
born May 20, 1808. and received his education at Eton and at
the Royal Naval College. His commission as Lieiitenant bore
date February, 1828 and that of Admiral on the Reserve list,
1877. From iS44 to 1852 he represented, as a Conservative.
Christ Church in Parliament. In 1852 he was Charge
d'Affaires and Consul-General at Lima: from 1858 to 18G7,
Ambassador at Berne; and from 186“ to 1877, Envoy Extra¬
ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Hague. He
married, Aug. 4. 1841, Emma Wyly, youngest daughter of
Captain Samuel Chambers, by whom he leaves a son, Lieut.-
Colonel Edward James Harris, and other issue.
MR. SKIUJISON. OF CTCKFIELD PARK.
Mr. Warden Sergison, of Cuckfield Park, Sussex, J.P. and D.L.,
Hon. Major 2nd Sussex R.V., late Captain 4th Queen’s Own
Hussars, died on July 1(‘>. He was only son of the late Mr.
Warden George Sergison, of Cuckfield, by Editha, his wife,
daughter of Sir Jacob Henry Astley, Bart., of Melton Constable.
MR. BROWNE, OF BllOWXF/S HILL.
Mr. Robert Clayton Browne. M.A., of Browne's Hill, in the
county of Carlow. J.P. and I).L., died on July 22, aged
eighty-nine. He was eldest son of the late Mr. William
Iirownc. of Browne's Hill. Custos Rotulorum county Carlow,
and M.P. for Portarlington. by Lady Charlotte Bourke, his
wife, daughter of Joseph Deane, Earl of Mayo, Archbishop of
Tuam. lie served as High Sheriff in 1831 : and married,
Oct. 28, IK34. Hariette Augusta, daughter of Mr. Hans
Hamilton, M.P. for the county of Dublin, and had three sons
and one d.aughter. The Brownes of Browne's Hill have long
held a leading position in the county of Carlow.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Lady Wilson (Caroline), wife of Sir Charles Rivers Wilson,
K.C.M.G., C.B., and daughter of Mr. R. Cooke, on July 13.
Lieutenant-General Fitzroy Millar Mundy, formerly of the
Bengal Staff Corps, on July 12. aged seventy-three.
Julia Maria Frances, only daughter of Mr. Henry Hallam,
F.R.S., and second wife of Sir John Farnaby Lennard, Bart.,
of Wickham Court, Kent, on July 15.
Etheldreda Julia, wife of Sir Astley Paston Cooper, Bari.,
of Gadesbridge. on July 17, aged fifty-three. She was daughter
of Mr. George Newton, of Croxton Park, Cambridgeshire, and
leaves three sous and two daughters.
Lady Archibald Campbell's pastoral play was given on
July 25 at Cannizaro Wood, Wimbledon.
The Portraits and Memoirs of ten eminent contemporary
Belgian painters, which appeared in our Journal on July 21,
were much appreciated in artistic and amateur society at
Antwevp : but the lamented death of one of them, M. Henri
De Braekeleer, on the preceding day, gave a melancholy interest
to that which concerned him. At the Exhibition of the
Belgian Academy of Fine Arts, this year, several young
Englishmen have distinguished themselves, gaining prizes for
painting and drawing.
ELECTRICITY,
Randal Cresswell’s
electric sponge
INVIGORATES THE DEBILITATED CONSTITUTION
tom of decay
The ELECTRIC SPONGE, of which the above engraving: i 3 a reduced fac-sixnile, is a full-sized Bath Sponge,
and ■will be forwarded, securely packed and free by post, with full directions for use, to auy part of the World
on receipt of Post Office Order or Cheque value 12s. 6d., crossed “ & Co.,” and payable to THOMAS YOUNG.
Money returned if not iis yt‘j;r r, ser.t ,'d Ask your Chemist to supply you, and, if he cannot, apply direct to
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JULY 28, 18SS
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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WHOLE SHEETS*
i SIXPENCE.
No. 2572.— vol. xcih.
122
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
auc. 4 , nss
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
A writer in the S/irrtator justly points out that a way which
s.ldom fails in cases of sleeplessness is to recall the incidents
of a dream. This is a much better plan than the counting-up
to a thousand, making a picture in the mind of sheep following
one another through a gap, or reciting Gray's Elegy—all of
which have been much recommended. It is. however, essential
to the success of this plan that the dream should be the one
from which one has last awakened; it must still have some¬
thing of the vagueness natural to dreams about it, or it will
no: be effectual: an old erusteddream is of no more tue for the
purpose than any actual incident of life ; and it is not so easy
to catch your dream while he is young and fresh. For my
part. I find the calling-np of a familiar land cape (always the
samel, very far-stretching and in the horizon blurred by
distance, is—in default of a dream—the next best thing to be
done. Wit-.euham Clump seen from the Ilsley Downs is a
good place. Xext to that, try a railway train: picture yourself
travelling by the night express to Scotland over some exposed
sji it such as Sliap Fell; let it be very cold outside, with tho
wind howling to get at you, while yon are snugly ensconced
in your railway rugs. If yon let the fancy stray, on no
acconnt permit it to concern itself with the future; for imagi¬
nation, which is fatal to sleep, is sure to be thereby set to
work. Think of the past, which only summons memory and
presents nothing new.
There is a notion abroad that the older one grows the less
one has need of sleep, but for my part every year I like it in
larger and larger quantities ;
The heights hv great men rcaelicl nmi kept
Were not attained by sndilon flight,
B.lt they, while their cimiiunioiw slept,
Were tolling upwards In the night,
is a verse that has led a good many people astray. The poet
does not tell us how those great men felt in the morning. I
don't believe in this night-work. Arsenius used to say that
one hour's sleep a night was enough for a monk ; but I am not
nware that even as a monk he greatly distinguished himself.
Caligula never slept above three hours, and no wonder. The
best advice, I am persuaded, that can be giveu to a brain¬
worker is “ go to bed early, and sleep for ten honrs " ; it is
true that, doctors are addicted to working at night, but they
have the honesty to tell their patients, both in this matter and
in feasting (for there isnobody so “imprudent” asyour doctor),
•• Do as I tell you, not do as I do." This cutting short of sleep
is one of tho-snares in which we poor literary folk are so often
caught and slain. What terrible examples have X not seen of
it in the noblest and best of ns! Shakspearo understood tho
value of sleep thoroughly, and has written the noblest praise
of it. The worst punishment even his imagination could
devise for a criminal was that he should “ sleep no more."
This, bo it noted, was not because he had murdered his king
and guest (though that, of course, was reprehensible), but
because he had murdered Sleep itself, a very much more serious i
matter._
That was a very cruel, though not an uncommon trick to
play upon the editor of an American magazine—to send him a
short poem of John Keats', saying the author w as only thirteen
years old, and hoping it would find admittance. If, as reputed,
it was played by his own proprietor, I know no more
remorseless act, save that, perhaps, of seething a kid in its
mother's milk. " How could he, cnu/rl he do so ! •” What can
that editor think of his proprietor! and what can that pro¬
prietor think of his eilitor—.'M an editor.’ I don't remember
one s literary feelings ever being so shocked .' I don't think
the editor ought to have shown such ignorance of his
Keats, or made such a mistake—if he mm ignorant—about
poems every one of wliich is exceptionally beautiful; but it
must not be supposed if, as is probable, this practical joke
comes to be imitated by humourists on this side of the water
that every rejection of an extract from an established author
is to score as a success. There are many things in the British
classics, and especially in the blank verse ones, that have not
deserved to be printed once, and much less twice. I re¬
member an able editor" shotting the gates of his magazine
in the face of a young gentleman who had fraudulently sent
him some lines out of Thomson's “Seasons" as his own. with
what he considered the happiest result—rejection. Some good
man took up the cudgels for my friend. " Yon didn't print
them because, of course, you knew they were Thomson's," he
said, “ though you didn't think it worth while to say so !" ■■ Xo,
Sir," observed the editor, blandly, <• they were not rejected on
that account: I did not know they were Thomson's, but I knew
tbey were dull." This was taking the ball hy the horns—or,
rather, the yonng ass by the ears—indeed.
The Czar and his Imperial family have been delighting the
civilised world of late by having a picnic, " just like anybody
else, von know," on one of the picturesque little islands off
Helsinofors. “ Orders were given for a hamper, with all the
requirements, to bo placed in a boat, and their Majesties got
into it." If they had got into the hamper the circumstance
ouild hardly have excited more delight and surprise. Having
landed, the attendants were sent back, and the Czar, “with tho
assistance of other members of tlic Imperial family, arranged
an excellent luncheon." As the luncheon was provided and
he had "assistance." I don't think so much of this feat; but
the Emperor of all the Itussias, we arc told, then actually
• chopped tlic necessary fuel, to which, after considerable
difficulty, lie at length set light." Of course, therefore, he
did not use a match, none of your Bryant and May's
(which once more I am glad to see “strike" only on
the box), but doubtless evoked sparks by the rapid rotation
of a stick of hard wood applied to a so.'t one. I should
like to have seen him at it: the Imperial family shielding the
budding flame with their parasols. and offering strips of the
Incendiary (the last Nihilist organ) as most likely to take
light. The meal, we ore assured, was much relished, and “ the
Samovar enabled the Imperial picnickers to turn out a delicious
cup of tea." This Samovar has puzzled a good many people ;
she is generally supposed to be a lady who answers to tho
personage who, at our seaside resorts, supplies hot water to
tea-parties at twopence a head. Even in that case, the success
of the experiment would have seemed nothing surprising ; but
I am informed by a gentleman who has a wife who says she
can speak Russian (which is as near to a Russian scholar as I
have ever got) that the Samovar is a tea-urn, which renders
the result still less miraonlons. Still, it is not the thing done,
don't you know, but the person who does it, that gives such a
charm to social life.
Fact has been once more trespassing on the domains of
Fiction, with certain alterations in the circumstances which it
invariably adopts in hopes to conceal its breach of copyright.
A happy couple in Scotland—or a couple who would have
been happy but for the airs which the lady seems to have
given herself—were engaged to be married. The young person,
poisoned, perhaps, by the literature of some anti-tobacco
society, suddenly set her face against smoking, and declined
to set it against that of the beloved object unless he renounced
this pernicious habit. She would not marry him, she said,
unless he gave up his pipe. Instead of replying like’ a wise
man, “Then don't,” or like a cunning one, “AH right," with
a mental reservation of doing as he pleased when the knot
was tied, in a moment of weakness he submitted. The pro¬
hibition, however, proved intolerable, and in another moment
of weakness he began to smoke again, taking such precautions
doubtless as would occur to anybody to conceal the evidences
of bis crime. Unhappily, however, through circumstances
over which he had no control (or hardly any) the lady found
it out. “ You have been smoking ! ” she exclaimed ; “ I smell it;
I will bring an action for breach of promise of marriage against
yon.” Which she actually did. As the Judge observed, if she
had made her objection to smoking before the engagement
commenced, there would have been something (though to
my mind very little) in her contention ; hut that a young
person after she has promised to marry you should indulge in
all sorts of prohibitory “fads” and absurd conditions is a
little too much even for a jury in a breach-of-promise case.
“ Edwin,” this exacting Angelina might one day say, “ I love
you to distraction, as you know ; hut I have made up my mind
to marry no one who is not fond of peppermint" ; and on
another, “ Edwin, you are all in all to me ; but if you would
call me yours you must become a vegetarian.” I confess the
gentleman seems to me to have had a very fortunate escape.
I daresay he is not aware, however, that he had a predecessor
in fiction in the person of Mr. George Savage Fitz-Boodle. He,
too, was engaged to be married to a young person who objected
to tobacco; he, too, did his level best to give up Nicotina for her
sake and failed ; he, too, was deteoted by the olfactory nerves
of his beloved object. The whole story, in short, of this
Scotch couple (except their appearance in a law court) has
been already told in the “ Fitz-Boodle Papers."
Another case of plagiarism from literature has also occurred
of late, but lies at the door not of Law but of Science. A
poor woman was dying of starvation through her incapacity
to take any nourishment. All the ordinary remedies and
appliances had failed with her, when it suddenly struck her
medical attendants that since digestible matter is emitted
through the pores of the skin it might also be introduced that
way. “ A mixture of oil and grease was therefore composed
and applied externally, whereupon the heat of the skin rapidly
absorbed the nutriment and the patient showed signs of
renewed vigour." It is all very well to ascribe this remedy to
medical skill, but those who have read “Xo Thoroughfare,"
and remember what Joe Ladle took in “ through the pores,"
will know that it is no novelty.
Those victims of the competitive examination at Sandhurst
who were set a question that couldn't be answered are likely
to be very popular martyrs. There is nothing so hateful to
the youth of Britain as “ exams.,” even when the papers are
capable of solution; and when they are not, the case seems
bard indeed. It is not the first time, however, that young
gentlemen have got into trouble from the same cause. I
remember a certain cramming-school where time was of
such importance to the elder pupils that they brought books
with them even to their meals, and read until their
turns came to be helped to the not very recherche viands;
and where everybody else was. more or less, sacrificed to
the Moloch of mathematics for their sakes. Misery so
sharpened our wits that the ordinary school-books had no
power to torment us ; we procured cribs to all their problems.
But the head-master had a manuscript book of bis own, from
which issued the most hateful questions : it cost infinite pains
and trouble—besides involving us in the serions offence of
burglary—to get tho crib to that, but at last we effected it.
The improvement in the work of the school became henceforth
very marked, and gave great satisfaction to everybody ; the
master, our parents and guardians, and ourselves were all
equally gratified. There was a little too much quickness,
perhaps, consistent with prudence in producing our results,
but their accuracy was unimpeachable. On one unhappy day,
however, when every boy as usual had brought his sum to a
correct conclusion, the pedagogue was suddenly seized with
an insane desire to see it worked out on the board ; he had no
suspicion, or he would not have pitched upon the head of the
class to exhibit his skill. This young gentleman had
“ fudged" the answer, to save himself trouble, like the rest;
hut he was now compelled to stoop to details, and they brought
him ta a different result. “ There must be a mistake some¬
where," observed the master, frowning: and wo began to be
very much afraid there was. The second boy tried it, and
with only too great success : he made it the same as the first.
Then the master himself tried it, and arrived at the same
terminus. “ The answer in my book," he said, in an awful
voice, “ is wrong; and yet you have all got that answer !" I
refrain from saying what subsequently took place, because I
respect the feelings of those who “ like a story to end well ” ;
and this incident had a very sad termination for us all.
THE COUJ1T.
Tho Queen drove out on Saturday afternoon, July 28, accom-
panied by Princess Beatrice. The Duchess of" Buccleuch,
Mistress of the Robes, the Marquis and Marchioness of Lans-
downe, and the Right Hon. C. T. Ritchie, arrived at Osborne
in the afternoon. Her Majesty's dinner-parly included the
Empress Eugenie, Prince and Princess Henry of Battenberg,
the Duchess of Buccleuch, the Dowager Duchess of Atbcle’
the Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowno, tho Marquis do
Bassano, the Right Hon. C. T. Ritchie, and General Ihc Right
Hon. Sir Henry Ponsonby, G.C.B. The Ladies and Gentlemen
in Waiting had the honour of joining the Royal circle in the
drawing-room. Her Majesty and the Royal family attended
Divine service on Sunday morning, Jnly 21). The Rev. Canon
Prothero, M.A., officiated. The Queen went out on Monday
morning, July 30, accompanied by Princess Beatrice. Princess
Louise and the Marquis of Lome visited the Queen in the
afternoon, and drove out with her Majesty. The Duchess of
Buccleuch, on behalf of the Women of Great Britain and
Ireland, presented to her Majesty a diamond and pcai 1 neck¬
lace and earrings, as a token of lore and sympathy, in remein-
brance of the Jubilee, June 21, 1887. Captain Fnllcrton,
A.D.C., her Majesty's yacht Victoria and Albert, had the
hononr of dining with the Royal family in the evening.
The Prince of Wales, accompanied by Duke Panl of
Mecklenburg-Schwcrin. was present at the inspection of the
1st Life Guards, tho Royal Horse Guards (the Blues), and a
battery of Horse Artillery by the Duke of Cambridge at Worm¬
wood Scrubbs on Saturday morning, July 28 ; the Princess and
Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud were likewise present. On
Sunday morning, July 29. the Prince and Princess of Wales and
their three daughters were present at Divine service. The Prince
and Princess, accompanied by the three Princesses, left
Marlborough Honse on Monday afternoon, July 30, for Ports¬
mouth, where they embarked on board tho Royal yacht
Osborne. Xext morning the Prince arrived on a visit to the
Queen at Cowes. On entering the roadstead the Royal Yacht
Squadron, of which his Royal Highness is Commodore, and
also H.M.S. Valorous, guard-ship, saluted. The various yachts
dipped colours as the Osborne steamed to her moorings.
Prince Albert Victor of Wales arrived at Bristol on Jnly 25,
whore he was most heartily welcomed, and unveiled the Jubilee
statue of the Queen. He "afterwards lunched with the Mayor,
and distributed prizes to the Royal Naval Volunteers. On the
27th Prince Albert Victor was presented with the freedom of
the city of York and a loyal address, which were contained in
a golden casket. His Royal Highness subsequently opened a
new lock at Xaburn, on the river Onse, the journey from York
being made in a steam-boat.
July 24 was the anniversary of the birthday of the Duchess
of Cambridge, who completed her ninety-first year. The Prince
and Princess of Wales, with their daughters, were early visitors
to offer their congratulations to the venerable Duchess. Tlic
Duke of Cambridge, the Grand Duke and Grand Dncbess of
Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Princess Mary Adelaide (Duchess), the
Duke of Teck, and their sons and daughter, visited the Duchess
at an early hour. During the day the Duchess's residence in
the Ambassadors' Court was thronged with visitors. In the
evening the Duchess of Cambridge received at dinner the
Duke of Cambridge, the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of
Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Princess Mary Adelaide (Duchess of
Teck), the Duke of Teck, Princess Victoria, and Princes
Adolphus. Francis, and Alexander of Teck, Lady Geraldine
Somerset. Hon. Mrs. Percy Mitford, General Greville, Colonel
George FitzGeorge, Captain Adolphus FitzGeorge. Colonel
Augustus FitzGeorge, the Sub-Dean of tho Chapels Royal, and
Signor Tosti.
The Duchess of Teck, who was accompanied hy Princess
Victoria of Teck, attended at the High School for Girls at
Richmond-green, on July 31, for the purpose of distributing
the prizes.
Princess Louise, who was accompanied by the Marquis
of Lome, opened a Polytechnic Institute on July 23 in Femdnlc-
road, South Lambeth, which has been converted to its new use
principally by the efforts of the Rev. Freeman Wills.
The Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse and Princess Alix
of Hesse arrived on July 30 at Queenborongh from Flnsliing,
and came to London by the boat-express. In the evening the
Grand Duke witnessed tho performance of “ David Garrick ”
at the Criterion Theatre.
The Grand Dnke and Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-
Strelitz have returned to Germany.
Prince Halcom Khan has left town for the Continent.
Inspector-General D. L. Morgan, C.B., has been appointed
honorary physician to the Queen, in succession to the late
Inspector-General Domville.
A new grammar school, erected at the cost of £10,01X1 from
the Frances Ashton fund, was opened at Dunstable,on July 30,
by Mr. Mundella, M.P.
Mr. O'Kelly, M.P. for North Roscommon, was arrested in
the City on July 25 on a warrant charging him with an
offence under the Crimes Act, and was removed to Ireland for
examination.
Twelve students of the London School of Medicine for
Women presented themselves recently for the first and second
examinations of the Royal Colleges of Physicians and
Surgeons of Edinburgh, and all passed. Miss Waterston, M R,
formerly a student of the same school, has passed the examin¬
ations of the Psychological Society for a certificate in mental
dieseases, and is the first lady who has done this.
The two-hnndredth anniversary of the birth of tho poet
Alexander Pope was celebrated on July 39 at Twickenham, in
the presence of a large gathering of spectators. The proceed¬
ings began with a water pageant, which started from Popes
Villa, and rowed past Eel-Pie Island to Orleans Honse, repre¬
senting the costumes and manners of Pope's time. Mr. Henry
Labouohere, M.P., the present tenant of Pope's Villa, threw
open the house and grounds, and many persons took advantage
of the opportunity to visit the place. The grounds were illu¬
minated, as were the principal streets and tho embankment.
A museum containing many relics of Pope was opened next
day at the Townhall. Sir Mountstuart Grant-Duff occupied
the chair ; and an address on the life, character, and works of
the poet was given by Professor Henry Morley.
The preachers in Westminster Abbey for August will be ns
follows :—Sunday, 5th, at ten a.m., in choir, the Bishop of
Colorado, U.S.A. (Dr. Spalding) ; at three p.m., in choir, Dr.
Westcott, Canon in Residence. Sunday, Pith, at ten a.m., in
choir, the Bishop of North Dakota, U.S.A.; at three p.m., in
choir, Dr. Westcott, Canon in Residence. Sunday, 19th, at
ten a.m., in choir, the Bishop of Springfield, U.S.A. (Dr. Sey¬
mour) ; at three p.m., in choir, Dr. Westcott. Canon in
Residonoe. Sunday, 2«tb, at ten a.m., in choir, the Bishop of
Minnesota (Dr. Whipple) ; at three p.m., in choir. Dr. lves.-
cott. Canon in Residence.—Dr. Westcott proposes to continue
his short lectures in the Abbey on the Saturdays in August,
after the close of the afternoon service, on “ The Confessions
of Christ in the Gospel of St. John."
AUO. 4. 193*
123
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE naval manoeuvres.
Tie two opposed fleets of the Royal Navy engaged in a series
of conflicting mamnuvres around the n est and north coasts of
Ireland are tbo A Fleet, under command of Admiral Raird, with
division to the northward under Admiral Rowley, operating
r„r the defence of Great Britain, the one from -Milfor.l
aiLen the other from Lamlash Bay. Isle of Arran, off the
mouth’of the Firth of Clyde and the B Fleet commanded by
Admiral Sir George Tryon. at Berehavcn. Bantry Bay, with a
division under Admiral Fitzroy at Lough Swilly. on the shores
f Doncjral War having been declared, each commander has
wan hfs endeavours, without inflicting any real damage, to
<*\nture vessels or forts belonging to his supposed enemy,
inohidimr coastguard stations on the Irish coast which have
surrendered to H.M.S. Northumberland ; and the hostile fleets
nt Bcrehaven and Lough Swilly have been closely blockaded
bv the powerful ironclad ships of Admirals Baird and Rowley ;
while the fast cruisers and torpedo-boats attached to each fleet
have been actively employed in trying to draw off the attention
of their opponents, or to intercept their communications and
to disturb them in their positions. But the general plan of
thes^ manoeuvres is too complex for easy description until they
shall havo arrived at some combat between the main forces
employed on each side. Our Special Artists, who accompanied
the fleet of Sir George Tryon from Portland to Bantr.v Bay,
scud us a number of Sketches—one being an illustration of
the trying of the electric light on that voyage; another, that
of rigging out the network guards, humorously called
'• crinoline.” around the hulls of the ships lying at anchor, for
their protection against torpedoes. The latter operation took
place at Berehaven on J uly 21, when the flag-ship made the signal.
••Oat torpedo-boats, prepare d< f nccs against torpedo attack.”
'Ihe Ajax, Warspite, and Hero are the only ships of the
B Fleet that carry torpedo-boats, and these are second-class
ones: but all the ironclads and the Volage havo torpedo-nets.
The Iris has the necessary fittings, hut has not been supplied
with either booms or nets. The Ajax took about an hour to
get her crinoline into proper order; but this time would
probably b3 shortened by half wero she fitted with steel
instead of timber booms. It is remarkable that while stctl
has been substituted for wood in the case of nearly every spar
on board a ship, torpedo-net booms, where, above all things,
lightne.-s, portability, and strength are required, should
continue to be made of timber. The steam winches with
which the ships arc supplied made short work of hoisting out
the torpedo-boats, a job that without them would have required
the services of every available able member of the ship's
company and have taken three or four times .as long.
'Ihe various methods of signalling practised iu the fleet
require some explanation. Our page of Illustrations shows
the different means employed at sea. some of which are used in
the mercantile marine ns well as in the Royal Navy, to transmit
messages from one vessel to others. Signalling by flags is don'v
at ordinary times, where no private cipher is wanted to conceal
the moaning of the message, iu accordance with an inter¬
national code, which has been adopted by all the maritime
Powers, and which is used by signal-stations on the British
coasts, as well as by all ships of war and merchant-ships. The
signal-flags are of three shapes : the square flag ; the pendant
or pennon. a*narrow-pointcd triangular flag ; and the burgee,
with an indented or notched outer side, displaying two
triangular points. Each flag, by its colour, or by a pattern of
combined colours, blue, red, white, and yellow, denotes a letter
of the alphabet; but certain combinations of flags are under¬
stood to mean phrases of several words : “ What ship is that ! ”
“ Where are you from .’ ” “ Where are you bound to * ” “ In
distress, want assistance.” *• Engine broken down.” “ Send
a boat.” *• Can you tow mo.’ ” “ Can I have a tug.’ ”
“I want a pilot.” “Short of provisions;” and many
of the orders and reports of information peculiar to the naval
service ; besides the points of the compass, the names of ports,
the names of ships.of war, and the names of merchant-ships.
Not more than four flags are hoisted on one roast or spar, and
placing either the burgee, the pendant, or the. square flag
uppermost indicates the nature of the signal—for instance,
geographical, or reporting some danger or distress, or an ordinary
inquiry, or the direction of the ship's course. But as the
colours of flags cannot bo distinguished at a distance, or in
hazy atmosphere, while their position and sli\pe may still l c
discerned, there is a method of using square flags and pendants
combined with balls hung above or below them on the mas*,
to represent various important communications. \\ hen a.ship
hoists a number of signals on different roasts and j’ards, to
tell a long story, it, must be read by taking them in a certain
order, the signal at the main-truck first, then the fore-truck,
the mizen-truck, the peak, the starboard main-topsail yard¬
arm. and so on. The semaphore, which exhibits signals per¬
ceptible and intelligible at a still greater distance, is a post,
sot np at the bnlwarks on deck, with arms to bo raised or
lowered, or to bo set pointing up or down at different angles,
by which the letters of the alphabet, or numbers, or messages
conventionally understood, are indicated where Hags could not
be distinctly visible.
Morse signalling is, of course, done with the Morse alphabet,
so commonly used for electric telegraph messages 011 shore.
This alphabet is entirely composed of combinations of long
dashes and short dashes, the short dashes being only square
dots. In applying it to signals made at a distance, whether
by flashes of a lamp, or of an electric light, or of reflected
sunshine in the heliograph, or of a flag or any other visihlo
object, it is only needful to exhibit the single light or the
single flag intermittently, during longer and shorter precise
spaces of time, which are interpreted as long or short dashes
in the Morse alphabet. A short dash followed by a long dash
signifies the letter A : a long dash followed by three short ones
is B : and so with all the other letters. There is a sign for a
full stop at the end of a sentence. In our Artist's Sketches on
board ship, one man is using a hand-flag, which he raises and
lowers at the officer s bidding, to speak a message in Morse ;
another man, at night, similarly carries on a Morse con¬
versation with a hand-lamp: in a third instance, when the
electric light is displayed at the masthead, its alternate
exhibition and eclipse, for the moment, are regulated by the
man below, and it speaks very good Morse. Besides the
ordinary Morse alphabet, the Royal Navy has “ Colomb's
flashing signals," hy which orders are communicated, at night,
from the Admiral s’flag-ship to each division or squadron and
every ship of a sailing fleet. The powerful apparatus for
signalling with the beam of electric light, which sweeps over
n vast area of the sea, and which also serves to discover every
vessel within its range, is shown in another Illustration.
In foggy weather at sea, by day or night, every steam-ship
PROPOSED SITE IX RICHMOND PARK TOR THE FIRIXO POINTS OF THE NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION.
under weigh is bound to sound a steam-whistle, and cvr
sailing ship a fog-horn, which ought to be done every fi
mnnnee under the Board of Trade regulations. The •• steu
Siren, the most powerful kind of whistle, needs no particnl
motive” 1 ' ' " e arC aU familiar wi th that of a railway loc
The ifVwV correspondent with tho fleet in Bantrv B;
remarks that • there is no branch of the naval service mo
T m r u nt '? < l department from tho fai!are ° f which great
calamity might result in the hour of need, than that of tl
& a "i VCt m thc , H " cu1 . ct - m,r faff-ship, there are on
°\ n ^ akc ,n si " na,s made on tho elemental
th ° other ships are no better off. As to tl
,/* ! n he p i? ent s - vstum of signalling I shall ha'
Burner™. 'I b ? : hut that we ought to have a mo;
opinions t 7' l,lcd , to ? 3rr P out there cannot he tat
men aide . ' I s1 '’ ®hat in tho Hercules there are only fit
£££?* the Morse, I refer to thc signal staff propc
marioos a a re f proba , b * morc than that number among tli
should be "n „'iovLT lM 8 “ m a desirable innovation that thc
oMstj^utSSi" 8,,rna T’ " Tb ° 8i S nollin S from th
been h f 188 S rI that morc than too signals hav
oraebigiitt ' 6 661 at Beichavc "' without any mistak
Ante Hi-tidy—Second Edition of
R- RIDER HAGGARD'S NEW STOR
“MR. MEESON-S WILL,”
forming tub
-XTRA SUMMER NUMBER
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW!
■ I "Iwtrate A by A. FOKHS TIER and V. ROXTBAKD.
T W0 PRESENTATION PICTURE
•love ml- , ** coicuas,
ME. LOVE ME NOT. A x n «A TIFF."
lie, By laIand Parcsl Post > Is - 3< L
• Loudou; and of mi Booksellers nod Sownpau.
RICHMOND PARK AND RIFLE MEETING.
The debate in the House of Lords, on July 27. concerning tho
proposal of the Council of the National Rifle Association to
hold its future annual meetings and shootings in Richmond
Bark, has revived a controversy which is of great importance to
thc inhabitants of that town and neighbourhood, and to many
Londoners who enjoy the use of that beautiful demesne as a
place of recreation. The objections to this proposal, and tho
absence of any necessity for its .adoption, since many sites
equally suitable for rifle-ranges can he found within a short
distance of London, seem to he quite evident; and we trust
that the strong disapproval of it expressed by his Royal High¬
ness thc Duke of Cambridge, who is President of theXational
Rifle Association, as well as Ranger of Richmond Park, also
by the Earl of Fife, the Earl of Meath, the Earl of Fcvcrsham,
and other Peers, with thc unanimous feeling of the influential
residents at Richmond, will induce her Majesty's Government
to give it a decided negative. One of our Artists has
made a Sketch cf the ground where it is proposed to
place the firing - points, which is in the present deer-
paddock, a portion of Richmond Park not hitherto open
to the public, fronting Spanker's Hill and the Isabella Planta¬
tion. those apparent woods, seen in the background of onr
View, are mere circular fringes of trees with wide open spaces
inside ; they do not afford the protection which they appear to
give. Bullets may pass through them, or, more dangerous
still, may glance from the trees at an angle, thus greatly
widening the dangerous zone behind the ranges. The ground
rises not more than 12 ft. behind the 1100 yards range; the
line of fire is clear for about 3500 yards, dropping at about
4IHI0 yards (which is about the range of the new rifles) bv a
sudden descent to the inhabited district of Ham and thc vailey
of the Thames. Ricochets or bullets glancing from the trees
dotted along this plateau will carry danger beyond the imme¬
diate zone. The nearest part of the town of Richmond lies
about a mile and a half to thc right of the line of fire: but
the distance to Kingston Vale is considerably less. Within
a few yards of the ranges, and running nearly parallel
to them, is thc main road from London throngh Kingston
to Portsmouth, generally full of traffic, and with villas
and houses dotted along its sides. These remarks, which
can be verified by reference to tho map of the district,
with the consideration of the rapid extension of dwelling-
houses in tho neighbourhood of Richmond and Kingston,
should he admitted as proving that tho public safety is
concerned in thc question. Tho deprivation of quiet
people—ordinary visitors to thc park in summer—of their
enjoyment of its pleasant scenery during a whole fortnight in
July would also be felt as a serious grievance. 'Ihe ground to ho
devoted to the rifle-ranges would have to he despoiled of trees.
As a matter of fact, there are at the present moment no less
than seventy-five oak, elm, and ash trees, and fourteen thorns
marked for felling, besides hedges and bushes marked lor
removal from the park, to clear the enclosures for the rifle-
ranges demanded by the National Rifle Association. Most of
the oaks are of centuries' growth, and may not he of any value
commercially ; but their valne for ornament is far beyond
their worth for timber. We earnestly hope that this rash and
barbarous scheme will not be carried into execution.
The libel action brought by Mr. O'Brien. M.P., against tho
Cork Constitution was concluded on July 30. when the jury
found for the plaintiff, damages, £100.—On the same day the
Mayor of Sligo. Mr. P. A. McHugh, was sentenced br .Messrs.
Turner and Ilenn, Resident Magistrates, to four months' im¬
prisonment, on a charge of having published intimidating
notices in his newspaper, thc Sliyo C/atm/iion. Notice of
appeal was given.
yoL.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Arc. 4, 1S88.—124
SKETCHES AT BRYANT AND MAY
MATCH MANUFACTORY'
THE MEETING OF THE EMPEROBS : THE REVIEW AT KRASNOE 8ELO, NEAR ST. PETERSBURG.
126
THE ILLUSTRATED LOHDOH HEWS
MESSRS. BRYANT AND MAY’S MATCH
FACTORY.
The strike by which, on July S, about one thousand girls and
others, at the four large factories of matches belonging to
Messrs. Bryant and May (limited liability company) at the
Fairfield Works. Bow, and elsewhere, were thrown out of
employment, came to an end in three or four days by an
amicable settlement. This was assisted by a deputation from
the executive of the London Trades’ Council, which had
accompanied a deputation of the girls or young women to
confer with Messrs. W. and F. C. Bryant and other managers or
directors of the company. The deputation consisted of Messrs.
B. Cooper. Cigar-Makers’ Society; E. Coulson, Operative
Bricklayers ; C. Drummond, secretary of the London Society
of Compositors; AV. Steadman, Bargebuilders ; George Ship-
ton, Decorators and Painters ; and T. J. Davis, Philanthropic
Coopers. There were eight young women, representing the
four factories—viz., one from Victoria, two from the
centre factory, two from the wax vesta factory, and
throe from the safety-match factory. The deputation had
been courteously received by the directors, who showed a
disposition to meet them on fair terms. It would seem that
the girls employed in making ordinary matches are divided
into three classes—the fillers, the cutteis-down, and the packers.
The fillers place the strips of wood in the coil. This appa¬
ratus has replaced the frame, because it can be filled faster.
After the matches have been placed in the coil, they go
through the various processes of dipping and drying. They
arc then removed from the coils by the lackers-out, and
the cutters-down take them, cut them in two, and place
them in the boxes. The packers next wrap the boxes in
paper, and pack into dozens and larger parcels. When
the old “ frames ” were used the girls carried them to their
bench, emptied them, cut the matches in half, and filled the
boxes for 3d. per three gross. The directors put 2Jd. of this
down for cutting the matches and filling the boxes and jd. for
the carrying and emptying of the frames. Since the “coils'’
have replaced the ‘‘frames.” the girl carries the *■ coil” to a
machine which empties out the matches, waits while the
matches are being emptied out, carries the matches to her
bench, and cuts them in half and fills the boxes as before. For
all this she receives 23d. per three gross. The directors regard
this as an increase of wage, comparing it with the 2}d. men¬
tioned above ; but the girls said that, owing to the time spent
in carrying and in waiting for their turn to have their “ coils”
emptied, they could not earn as much money as when
they used the “ frames ” and emptied them for them¬
selves. They therefore asked for 3d. instead of 2$d. per
three gross— i.r., for the “ penny in the shilling.” The
directors replied, in the conference during the strike, that if
the girls preferred working at tlio old price of 3d. and pro¬
viding their own rackers-out, there would be no objection to
their doing so. The principal spokeswoman of the* girls’
deputation said she decidedly preferred the present plan and
should recommend it to the other girls, and asked that
kvb. 4, 1888
the rackets - ont should be paid by the piece instead of
by tbe day as now. To this the directors agreed, and
tie girls decided to continue the system. This spokes,
woman stated that when in full work she could earn 3s. M
per day : hut there are practical hindrances to working at this
rate, and it isestimated by Mr. Frederick Bryant that an aver¬
age hand in full work can earn 2s. 3d. per day. The average rate
of wages is lls. 2d. per week, as shown by a careful crimination
of two periods, each of thirteen weeks, in last year. The
directors further say that there ara not six girls at present
working the new machines who ever worked the old machines
and that stead 1,’-working girls can earn, and do earn, more
money on the new machines than their predecessors earned on
the old. Several minor grievances, relating to finer for dis¬
obeying orders, or for destroying property, and to charges for
brushes, paint, and stamps, have been willingly removed by the
directors. It has also been arranged that the “ packers " may
fetch their own paper, if they choose, instead of having three¬
pence weekly deducted from their wages to pay children for
doing so. The directors have further undertaken to provide a
room in which the girls may eat their meals.
At the meeting of the council of the Metropolitan Hospital
Sunday Fund, held at the Mansion House on July 31 , it wa8
stated that the amount collected was £39,33(>, with a pros[iect
of an additional £1300 being received from congregations
which had not sent in their returns, so that the total amount
would bo £41,300.
TONY AND DONKEY SHOW AT THE PEOPLE’S PALACE, WHITECHAPEL.
CIVIL LIST PENSIONS.
A Parliamentary retnrn shows that in the year ended June 20
last, Civil hist pensions were granted to the amount of £1200.
The following is the list:—
Mrs. Mary L. Neild, in consideration of the death of her
husband, Major Neild. R.M., from the effects of a wound
received while on duty at Charleston. £ 100.
Miss Frances. .Miss Blanche, and Miss Amy Tulloch, in
consideration of the distinguished services of their late father,
Principal Tulloch. of St. Andrew's University, in connection
with theology, philosophy, and literature, £23 each.
Mrs. Jessie Jefferies, in consideration of the literary attain¬
ments of her late husband. Mr. Richard Jefferies. £100.
Sir John Steell. in consideration of his merits as a sculptor,
£ 100 .
Mrs. Mary Hutchinson, in consideration of the services of
Miss Laura Licbe Barn us, in consideration of the merits of
her late father, the Rev. W. Barnes, as an nuthorand linguist. £30.
PONY AND DONKEY SHOW.
.. . ,. , .. . The annual show of donkevs and ponies belonging to ccstor-
Mrs. Spencer Baynes, in cons.deration of the eminence of m0 ttnd othel . gtree t-trader S was opened on July 23. in the
!lT„:?! r “ Sband ’ Profe9sor r - S - Ba >' nes ' as an anthor and grounds of the People's Palace. Mile-End. This show origin-
ated with the late Earl of Shaftesbury, who was presented
with a prize animal by the costermongers, in recognition of
his sympathy for their class. The show was first held in some
ground near the Goswell-rond, but has been transferred to tue
East-End. Mr. W. J. Orsrnan, of the Costers' Hall . Iloxton,
and Mr. If. Boulton have been active in getting up the snow,
with the cordial co-operation of the Beaumont Trustees. Sir
Edmund Currie at their head, and the Earl and Counter of
Aberdeen. Lest year there were 1110 entries; the number or
exhibits this year was 217. the classes—ponies and donkeys--
being about equally divided. No prizes were awarded, bji
certificates were given to the owners of all animals which, in
the opinion of the judges, showed evidences of good grooming,
careful attention, and being in sound condition for work, i «
object of the promoters is not so much to encourage the
ing of prize animals ns to put a premium upon their kina
treatment. In addition to these ccrtificates.-all those adjaagw
worthy to receive them obtain 7s. Gd. per day, snbsieie
monev, while the show' remains open, in compensation for any
loss of trade. The animals, on the whole, were a good-looking
schola
Mr. William Kitchen Parker. F.R.S., in recognition of his
S 2 rvices to science as an investigator, £100.
Mrs. Barbara Seldon, in consideration of the services of her
late husband, Mr. Samuel Seldon, Principal of the Statistical
Department of her Majesty’s Customs, £100.
Mrs. Balfour Stewart, in recognition of the services rendered
to science by her late husband. Professor Balfour Stewart, £.10.
Mr. John Bell, in recognitionof his merits as a sculptor, £.50.
Messrs. Stephens and Solomon's annual soiree took place
_ on July 23 at the Prince's Hall; Miss Florence Men k-Meyer
her late husband, Mr. Thomas J. Hutchinson, M.D.. of her gave a concert at the Marlborough Rooms on July 28 ; and
Majesty’s Consular Service—in this case there is no mention Millie. Cornelie D’Anka's benefit-concert was given at Prince’s
of destitute condition—£20. Hall on July 28.
Miss Mary Miss Rose Jane and Miss Amy Leech, in con- The opening meeting of the annnal gathering of the Insii-
.■deration of the eminence of their brother, the late Mr. John tntion of Mechanical Engineers was held in Dublin on Juiv ill
Leech, as an artist, £ 10 each. in Examination Hall, Trinity College. There was a very large
Mrs. Kate Pinkctt.. in recognition of the services of her late attendance. The Earl of Rosse, the president of the Reception
husband as Crown Solicitor, Cine. Justoce, and Acting Governor Committee, extended a hearty welcome to the mem hers. Mr. loss ot trade, me animals, on tae wnoie, wh. «■ -
of Sierra Leone, £30. Carbutt, the president of the institution, gave the opening lot, and the show attracted several thousand visitors, w™
Mrs. Isabella Sarah M'CIatehie, in considerationinf the long address, dealing with the statistics of Ireland as regards were especially interested in the maroh-past. The certifiesto
and valuable services of her late brother. Sir Henry Parkes, £ 73. popnlation, industries, and wealth as compared with those of wore presented next day bv the Countess of Aberdeen. Our
ihe Rev. F. O. Morris, m recognition of his merits as a England and Scotland. On the motion of the Earl of Rosse. Sketches show a few incidents of this amusing exhibition,
naturalist, £ KM).
Miss Constance Frederica fioi
of her merits as an author. £30.
Mrs. Eugenia Moira, in recognition of the eminence of her
late husband as a miniature-painter. £23.
Mrs. Oeiriog Hughes, in recognition of the merits of her
late husband. Mr. J. C. Hughes, as a Welsh poet, £30.
„ . . ... seconded by the Rev. Dr. Houghton, a vote of thanks was with two or three of the best animals: the pony mare Jean/
t uaiming, m consideration passed to the president. Papers were read by Lord Rosse on mid her foal, the noble donkey Ormonde, and Little Jem. agea
an improved sluice weir; and by Sir Howard Grubb on new two rears and a half. One donkey was thirty years cl a,
clock - driving apparatus for astronomical telescopes. Tbo another was registered as ninetv-nine, and priced at
members of the institution were afterwards taken on an that must be a joke. It is certainly profitable, as well m
excursion round Dublin Bay. for the inspection of lighthouse commendable, to bestow sufficient care on the donkey, waica
apparatus and dredging operations. may for some purposes be more serviceable than the horse.
n,
Are. •», is®*
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
127
THE PLAYHOUSES.
It is one of the penalties of greatness that, at some time or
other, a sense of disappointment should steal upon us to destroy
the charms of illusion. It cannot be denied that Sara Bern¬
hardt is not the actress she was. It is not that she has merely
lo*t the grace, the movement, and the willowy elegance of a
vounsr woman ; it is not merely that the golden tones in her
Voice have become blurred by incessant travelling and overwork.
That the actress is more matronly and less pliable most
iieople will admit. But the actress is not responsible for these
thing-* She alone is not able to stop the hands on Time’s dial.
But she is a different actress in another respect. Her method
iff less artistic: and these long tours, this incessant starring,
these desp.*rnto journeys here, there, nnd everywhere, have
had the usual result. They have induced acarelessand indifferent
t3ne —a scrambling, hurried method of delivery, and evident
signs of weariness that arc mnch to be deplored. Even in her
best days, at the Th&itrc Francis, refinement was not one of
Sara Bernhardt’s strong points. She was ever inclined to
emphasise the shrewish part of a woman's temperament ; but
the discipline and surroundings of the Cornedie-Fnuigaise held
her in some sort, of bondage. Left to herself, alone and un¬
influenced. she is more inclined than ever to forget the refine¬
ment and dignity that are amongst the essentials of her art.
It was noticed, in the second act of “ La Tosca," the other day,
that Sara Bernhardt adopted an unnecessarily familiar tone,
suggesting that the presence of so very ill-bred a person was
wholly out of place in a Queen’s presence. For this there was
no authority in the play. The Tosca was not supposed to be a
bad specimen of a public Binger, and it is certain that if
she did not know how to behave she would not be admitted
to the salon of so highly - bred a lady as the Queen of
Naples. But. on further study of the art of the actress, it will
be observed that the reading of this act—which might have
been put down merely as a mistaken one—is, in reality, part
and parcel of the new and vulgarised method deliberately
adopted by the actress.
** Francillon,’’ by Alexandre Dumas—clever, cynical, and
epigrammatic as the l>ook may be—is, unquestionably, a
»vulgar piece of art-work. The author of this extraordinary
work shows considerable tact, bat no taste whatever. The
subject is one which no gentleman or well-bred man would
discuss in a mixed assembly, and is therefore, wo hold,
unfit for discussion on the public stage. The nineteenth
century is, no doubt, ripe in social surprises ; but are wo
really to take M. Alexandre Dnmaa at his word ! Zola
the realist has told as how peasants talk and what French
middle-class people do. He has taken us behind the scenes of
the theatre, into the boudoirs of the half-world, into the
sitting-rooms of the milliner and artisan, and has considered
he was doing society a service by photographing for onr
edification all that was deplorable and nasty in life. Zola
poses as a truthful historian, and we are bound to believe him.
But is Dnmas the realist equally to be believed when, from tho
stage, he photographs the vices of the upper classes of French
society ? It is ntft only that he tells ns that the aristocracy of
modern France is abnormally vicious—that may or may not
be—but be declares, without hesitation, that the gentlemen of
France are wanting in respect for the women of their own set,
and that the women have ceased to care to be treated with
ordinary respect. If this is not so. how does a dramatist dare
to give ns scenes where subjects are discussed before women
which jeopardise their self-respect ? And how docs he « are,
in the guise of philosophy, to npproncha thesis ns niitecc.ssury
as it is coarse and suggestive.’ Franco roust, indeed, have
altered for the worst if the cynicism of its first gentlemen has
made them brntnl, nnd if the carelessness of its best-bn*d
women has made them indifferent to womanly modesty !
** Francillon ” may he art, but it is a very vulgar form of ai t :
and the acting in it of Sara Bernhardt does not make it any
the more palatable. It may be trnc that such conversations
take place in the presence of women as are recorded in the* first
act of “ Francillon," by Alexandre Dumas. This may be an
accurate, though satirical, picture of modern French life ; hut
surely it is unnecessary to make the heroine, Francillon, even
more vulgar than she is represented to be by the author. The
whole point of the story, revolting and unnecessary as it is. seems
lost when Francillon acts at the outset with a defiant dis¬
regard of modesty nnd good-taste. If Francillon shows no
sign whatever of refinement or nobility of temperament, if
her love be not pure and spotless, of what value is the homily
of Alexandre Dumas.’ But the subject is scarcely worth
discussing. The play, heralded forth and trumpeted abroad as
a work of genius, fell flat in this country from the outset. It
afforded pleasure to nobody ; and, luckily, pood acting wns
not found as an excuse to holster up a wholly unrefined and
essentially vulgar play. The man or woman who introduces
certain forbidden subjects into general conversation—snch, for
instance, as religion, or certain details of social cthica—is
held to be a vulgarian. He does what no man of taste or
breeding would dream of doing. £o M. Alexandre Dumas,
by the English code of social rule, must be held to be gurlty
ORBIT
'rjcp£
Till’. RACK FOR THE ECLIPSE STAKES AT SANDOWN j A HUNDRED YARDS FROM TILE CHAIR.
of very bad taste when lie allows such a sibject as that coil
tamed m Francillon to be discussed on the stage. And wha
are we to think of the audiences that encourage such di*
cessions.’ Happily, in England, they did exactly what woub
lie (lone in the best society: they turned their backs on tin
aut.ior who had mode, in their estimate, a grave social blunder
Jt is not easy to see on what ground Mr. Henry Irving, o:
Mr. Kicliard Mansfield, or any of his advisers, can be held t<
w guilty of any breach of good-feeling or comradeship wbei
they collectively, or individually, decided to be first in th<
?. eM WI V the authorised version of * Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.’
l Hquestionably, Mr. Bandmann made a bold attempt to fore
tau Mr. Mansfield in the production of a play taken from Lonij
•Aevensons story. Mr. Bandmann knew that Mr. Mansfieli
naa made success and reputation with a Jekyll and Hvdi
J {' ? e kne\v that Mr. Mansfield's version had’ received I hi
authority of the author; he knew that Mr. Mansfield hat
™ Lyceum, and had brought over an Americai
to open early in September; he knew that hi!
Mr mV'R U | < ! ,na11 P rob Abilitv never have appeared had no
i . h,lcceetl ed and. knowing all these things. In
Mnn.fi ,1 * tbe °l>era Comiqne in order to forestall Mr
hiii rio-Lf J? n this ‘ Mr-Bandmann was perfectly withii
win. rJ’ i U 18 an a 8 e competition ; and the best mai
than M v? publ,c like Mr. Bandmann and liis plav bette
bo n?, r ,' Mans ® e!d and hi » Play, they will assuredly mij
tt-iM..., L- 0n .M® ctber hand, Mr. Mansfield is tquallj
18 rl ?‘ ts when he endeavours to stop Mr
he h.. . n "i" , ' e ! l orin '’ l ncD at all costs and at all hazards anti
to ElfS n0 5?. l“ 8 °" n .P'ty- It was a sharp hit of busincs
slmrno. A. Comiqne whilst it was eniptv. fcut n<
Oocra rw" Mr ' tiandmann I" taking it at all. And if tl i
;“S lquo was lolteu in order to stop the Baud
would P rior t0 Aa ll- «. «l> a ‘ a farce i
oonn«-rioA e .^ C V°.I wr,mt re hea]sals or anything else it
all ronmt ■ jV 1 'tl'e Pandroann ploy I It was sharp proctici
sentiment' MaD8fi eli! hns won, that is all. There is n<
Mr Bamlm.' * hc matter that need be advanced. IVhat wmlc
is taken inAt" ex , pccl nndcr the circumstances.’ Great interts
Saturday nit. P i a} an<i the performers, who will he seen or
"™ay night, Aug. 4, at tho Lyoeum.
SAN DOWN It ACES : T1IE ECLIPSE STAKES.
The Sundown Park summer races this year were unfortunately
not favoured by fine weather ; but on Friday', July 27, when
the running for the Eclipse Stakes of £lO.lKH) took place tho
* *eo:id time since it was instituted, the rain held off till the
proceedings of the day were finished. Their Royal Highnesses
the Duke and Duchess of Teck, Prince Christian, and two
young Princesses, were among the spectators, with some of the
nobility, and members of the Four-in-IIand and Coaching
Clubs. The great race was run by thirteen horses ; the winner
was the Duke of Westminster's Orbit, three years old, by
Bend Or — Fair Alice, carrying Kst. 12 lb., and ridden by
T. Cannon. The second horse in. which took a prize of £.“>00
apart from the stakes, belongs also to the Duke of Westminster;
being Ossory. three years old. weighted at 0st. 11 lb., and
ridden by T. Cannon, junior. There was only a length between
these two at the finish ; while Mr. F. Douglas's Hartley, which
took the third place, and Lord Ellesmere’s Estafetie, were
very close up. We give an Illustration of this well-cont.’sted
The poi trait of the late Mr. Clarence Stewart Lindsay is
from a photograph by Mr. Paul Stabler, of Sunderland : and
that of the late Rev. Charles Rhind, from one by Messrs.
Russell and Sons, of South Kensington.
We have received from Mr. Edmnnd Lionel Wells Dymoke,
of Broadwatir Down, Tunbridge Wells, son of Mr. Dymoke
Wells, of Grebby Hall, Lincoln, a copy of tho pedigree of his
family descent from Robert, first Baron Marmyon, who died in
1142. Mr. Dymoke Wells claimed to l>c heir-general to the
Baronies of Marmion and Kyle, nnd Hereditary Champion of
England. I cing descended from Sir Edward Dymoke. who wr.s
Champion to Charles II., and who devised the Grebby estate to
his second son, Ed wait! : but. on the death of Robert Dymoke,
of Lincoln, in 1733, there wns no male successor, and the
Grebby inheritance passed in the female line to the children
of the Rev. Thomas Wells, who had married Robert Dymoke’*
sister. Mr. Henry Lionel Dymoke, of Scrivelsby. is descended
from John Dymoke. who was the fourth sou of Sir Edward
Dymoke above mentioned-
THE MEETING OF T1IE EMPERORS.
The visit of the German Emperor William II. to the Emperor
Alexander II. of Russia, with his sojourn of three days at
Peterhof. the Russian Imperial palace on the shore of tho Gulf
of Finland, was described in cur last. We now give nn Illus¬
tration of tbcgraml review of Russian troops, on July 23. in
the permanent camp at Krasnoe Selo, near the Tsnrskoc Solo
palace, a short distance from St. Petersburg. It consisted of
some cavalry evolutions and a sham fight. In all there were
fifty-two squadrons, including one heavy cavalry division (six¬
teen squadrons), two Ccssack regiments of the* Guard (eight,
squadrons), one light cavalry division (twenty-four squad¬
rons), one mixed regiment of cadets of the Nicholas cavalry
school and of officers of the cavalry school, one squadron
of Kuban and one of Ural Cossacks. The Imperial party
came on the ground in the usual order, the two Emperors
on horseback, followed by the Emprej-s in her carriage. After
the inspection of the line, a series of exercises was performed,
during which the German Emperor took command of hi*
Viborg tegiraent of foot, posted on the border of the review
ground, and gave his orders in Russian. His Majesty appears
to speak that language fairly well. Then the whole of the
cavalry in lino of squadrons dismounted, and advanced ns
infantry. A sham fight began as soon as the Imi>erial party
had repaired to the tents, which were surrounded by sonio
invited German naval officers. A squadron of the Kuban
Cossacks and cadets first advanced acres* the plain in open order
towards the Kavelnkht heights, filing their rifles at an
imaginary enemy, 'ihey scon ictired in the some order, still
firing, to make room for the reservo Guard ami Cossacks in
close order, who trek tip the attack, and dashed forward with
loud yells and whoops. The artillery was then brought into
play, as the Co.-sacks again retired, twirling their long lancea
above their bonds in sign of contempt and defiance. Finally
the whole of the heavy cavalry were hurled at the enemy, ou
all sides, and ho was held to have been vanquished. Tho
Grand Duke Nicholas commanded and arranged the spcctncle.1
After tho ceremonial march past, which concluded the per-4
forinance, the Imperial party lunched iu tho palaoe, and
returned to Peterhof by train.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Aco. 4, 1888.—128
1. Signalling by Flags.
C. Hd in Signal.
Lamp at tbo l&aliicad.
Fog Signal.
METHODS OF SIGNALLING IN USE IN THE
THE NAVAL J1IAXU5I7VHES: SKETCHES UF OUR
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Ain. 4. IS*# —129
-
FISH SALE AT POLPERRO, CORNWALL.
FROM THE PICTURE 1»Y MR. W. M. LOUDAN, IN TIIE ROYAL ACADEMY EXHIBITION.
legal business of the government
The report of the Committee appointed by the Treasary
i.iqniro into the system of conducting the legal business
the Government has been issued. It shows that the sala
.,5 of ll ;e atalT, numbering forty-nine members, of tl
reasury Solicitor’s office amounts to £21,702. The offi
rs of the staff are nominally from eleven to five, ai
u • ® “^sengers from ten to five; all con to
„7~ buslnesa of a civil character is conducted by ageni
to *!Lno e 1 a , se profits da ring the last ten years amount
a i l8 '' ***** 0D * °f the total amount for salari
whlb / 8am ot £20UO ia P aid t°- tcn copyists, besid
Servi™fioantaty of copying has been done at the Civ
om„i^J' om . miS8lon ' I s ’ 0 fewer than seven messengers a
mi!!],?.' a * a cost of £726; no shorthand writers a
the nil™ ’ i; he telephone has not been introduced in
the C Committee have come to the conclusion th;
wLm. „ the “he*tor's department is decidedly in excess (
ilinehaealls 0 ?® 1 ? ln 0 , rdcr to perform the professional duti
hi»w i - and that many of the members are pa
lh»ti ,;7 U '“ , i lan are necessary. They are also of opinit
ihe Sol!l;? 0U8 , eff r :t8 ari9 e from the persons employed nndi
vice »nS v° r ° r Treasar y being members of the Civil He
tion'of tw” thelr bo jj a 8 entitled to pensions on the terrain
the Con.*.? 6 " 1 ? 6 ' flu ‘ principal injurious effects to whit
PossJS I/*? I![? r , are that if the persons so employed a
Treaarirv ha. 8est ? d ln ^rests or claims, the Solicitor of tl
PracimAw 1 ™ m ® dl * te control over them : he caniii
sets of vrn«. r o5 1,nU ? a . withont the commission by them i
time to^timl'.l. 80011 ' 16 ? 4 ’ and he is hampered in securing fro
trioim iakfe nre tan "..° f persons of ability and indu
honnshcoM . . ? C , ommitt e« further report that the offi.
the staff shmM°vJ > i.. **m- th ?" 867611 htmr * P® 1, dfl - v ' and thl
8donld 1,6 la attendance at ten a.m.: that eeonon
in labour and time can and should be effected oy the employ¬
ment of shorthand-writers, by the use of telephones, and by
the delegation of small matters of detail by the solicitor to his
subordinates ; that a largo expenditure now takes place in
relation to copying documents—an expenditure which, in the
opinion of the Committee, might bo decreased by causing the
copying of all documents not of a secret or confidential
character to be executed by law stationers. The Committee
are further of opinion that as soon as there arc members of the
staff capable of conducting causes of a contentious character,
the business now performed by tho Treasary agents, Messrs.
Hare and Co., should be carried on within the department,
under the direct supervision of the Treasury Solicitor. The
Committee recommend that no new appointment shall be
made to the staff of tho Treasury Solicitor's department,
except with the view of its thorough reorganisation. It is
difficult to define the exact number of persons required to
discharge the duties of the department; but. as far os
they can judge, the Committee arc of opinion that if
the department were now to be established for the first time
it should consist of a solicitor, who should perform the duties
now discharged by Sir A. K. Stephenson, three assistant
solicitors, five clerks possessing qualifications similar to those
possessed by managing clerks in a London solicitor's office, and
sach number of other clerks as may be found necessary to
discharge the labours of the office. The Committee are of
opinion that npoi any new appointment being made the person
appointed should not be a member of the Civil Service, but
should be liable to be discharged, as in cases of ordinary
employment, and should not be entitled upon the termina¬
tion of his service to any pension or compensation. If
this recommendation be carried into effect the appoint¬
ments to tho department shall be made by the Solicitor
to the Treasury, subject to the approval of the Lords of the
Treasury.
A FISH -SALE AT POLPERRO.
In this season’s exhibition of the Royal Academy, Mr. W. M.
Loudan's picture, of which we present an Engraving, was de¬
servedly admired and commended. Much interest is always
felt in the Cornish fisheries, the toilsome and perilous life of
the hardy, bold, and skilful race of men who brave the stormy
western ocean on that rooky coast in pursuit of the various
kinds of fish, admirably depicted by this artist; the manner in
which their *• harvest of tho sea "is secured and brought to
market, and the welfare of their wives and families, too often
left destitute by the accidents of an employment liable to
frequent and unexpected dangers. This scene in the
village market - place, where a rude pair of scales is
used to ascertain the weight of the fish before they
are sold, is full of animation and of characteristic
expression. Polperro—a quaint outlandish name said to
be a corruption of “ Porthpyre,” which in the ancient Celtic
language means “ the Hand Port”—is situated on the south coast
of Cornwall, halfway between East Looe and Fowey, and ahont
fifteen miles to the west of Plymouth. It was inst opposite
this part of the coast that the first conflict took place between
the English fleet and the Spanish Armada, the day after news
of the approach of the enemy was received at Plymouth ; and
it is very likely that the forefathers of some of the Cornish-
men who figure in Mr. Loudan’s painting were on board the
numerous local craft of privateeis that sallied forth to fight
with the Dons.
Lord Wolseley on July 27 unveiled in St. Paul's a memorial
to the late Sir Herbert Stewart, who was killed at Abu-Klea
three years sinoe. Appropriately enough, the memorial tins
been placed in one of the bays in tho north aisle, above I be
monument of General Gordon, in attempting to rescue whom
the gallant officer met with his death.
130
ATJG. 4. 1R88
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
IN THE DOMAIN.
A rounded, rocky wood. Tangled briars aud lichens hang from
every slope, and in the holes and dark recesses dwell our semi-
domesticated badgers. We used to sit up in the trees at night
and watch them dig for roots, or eat the dried fruits which we
placed at the mouth of their burrow. Whilst the badgers
(ought for the small wild fruits of the bushes, the wood-owls
hooted and the herons screamed. Sometimes in the moonlight
we could see the water-voles feeding, and the night-jars
“ churred ” in the glades. Jays screeched iu the darkness, and
the lapwings, disturbed by the poachers, flew and screamed in
the night. But when the light summer mornings came the
gay carpetings of the “domain” were revealed. And such a
floral paradise never existed before.
For years one who had loved them brought specimens of
rare plants, until we hail within our limited area almost the
complete botany of the district. Creepers festooned the rocks,
and wild thyme covered the slopes. Trailing periwinkles and
bluebells hung over the nests of the ground birds, and the
warblers all came there in spring. In the “domain” they
built their nests and reared their young : nor did they depart
until they felt the migratory instinct strong within them.
Whitethroats came there, and warblers of every kind. But
the most plentiful of all were the wood-wrens—the wood-
warblers. They came to us at the close of April or tho
beginning of May ; the males arriving a week or ten days
before the females, and immediately treating us to their
apology of a song. The long-drawn “ chu-chn-chu ” generally
came from the branches of an oak. When the bird flew from
one tree to another, the flight was preceded by a quivering,
tremulons motion of the wings. The form of the pretty wood-
wren can never be mistaken, with its yellow-green hack, green
breast, and pure white under-plumage. Its dome-shaped nest is a
marvellously beautiful structure, deep buried in summer wood-
INOCULATING AN ELEPHANT.
flowers. We have found the wild hyacinth, anemone, rock-rose,
and plumy grasses all airily waving above thenest. yet nofca blade
disturbed. The little green birds drop down from the boughs
and enter by a small hole in the side. Difficult to find is this
if the parent birds do not betray its whereabouts. But so
small is the hole that when we have known the precise locality
of the nest visited we have missed it, the entrance being
occupied by the head of the bird, its bright eyes looking
timidly out upon us. Of very varied material is the nest-
such as the spot in which it may happen to be affords—com¬
pactly constructed, and lined with delicate grasses and hair ;
feathers are never used. Five or six white eggs are laid, with
reddish purple spots. Whether or no the fact plays any part
in the bird's economy we do not know, but certain it is that a
ftfw dead leaves are invariably fonnd on the exterior of the
nest. Where districts are weli-timbered and the woods old,
this warbler loves best to breed, and there, probably, it
finds food most abundant, for insect-life more abounds in
old-wooded districts than where plantations of trees are
younger. Age begets decay, and decay is productive
of a host of species of insects. Hard-bodied beetles, the
wood-louse, and winged life simply swarm in such con¬
genial spots. The wood and willow warblers and the chiff-
chaff differ from their congeners in not being fruit-eaters.
They live entirely upon insect-life, and the benefit they confer
on the garden during the earlier months of their stay in this
country is simply incalculable. Every species of summer fly
is taken, both at rest and on the wing, in the latter case the
bird darting after its prey. Yet. although flies aud aphides
constitute the staple of its food, the bird is omnivorous in its
range of insect-food, and this is taken both in the larval and
matured state. This characteristic, then, of abstaining from
fruit aud being solely an insect feeder is common to the wood-
warbler and its confreres, the willow-wftrbler and tho chiff-
chaff. The general colour of the plumage, too, of these birds
differs from that of the rest of the warblers. But the third
aud beet characteristic ie in the nests of the three species,
which are invariably dome-shaped. For a long time tho
wood-warblor was confounded with the willow-warbler, and
in general, it pretty mnch resembles it, the chief points of
difference being (in the wood-warbler) the bright yellow streak
over the eye, the brighter green of the upper plumage, the
yellowish breast, and the purely white abdominal parts. In
the haunts of the birds this difference may not appear to be
well marked, but when closely examined they are at once
obvious, and so as to make it impossible to confound the two
The wood-warbler was one of the birds which Kingsley
“set” in his “Charm of Birds.” In the delightfully fresh
•• I*rose Idylls ” he asks, combating the words of the poet, “ In
Nature there is nothing melancholy,” “Is it true that in
Nature there is nothing melancholy ? ” and bids us “ mark
that slender, graceful, yellow-warbler, rnnning along the
high oak houghs like a perturbed spirit, seeking, restlessly,
nnxiouslj*. something which he seems never to find ; and utter-
ing every now and then a long anxious cry, four or five times
repeated, which would be a squeal were it not so sweet.
Suddenly he Hies away and flutters round the pendant tips
of the beech sprays like a great yellow butterfly, picking the
insects from the leaves ; then flies back to a bare bongli, and
sings, with heaving breast and quivering wings, a short, shrill,
feeble, tremulous song, and then returns to his old sadness,
wandering and complaining all day long. Is there no melan¬
choly in that cry ! It sounds sad ; why should it not be
meant to be sad’! We recognise joyful notes, angry notes,
fearful notes. They are very similar, strangely enough,
in all birds. They are very similar, more strangely still, to
the cries of human beings, especially children, when influenced
by the same passions. And when we hear a note which to us
expresses sidn \ss, why shonld not the bird be sad ? Yon wood-
wren has had enough to make him sad. if only he recollects it:
and if he can recollect his road from Morocco hither, lie, may¬
be, recollects likewise what hap¬
pened on the road—the long, weary
journey up the Portuguese coast,
and through the gap between the
Pyrenees and the Jaysqnivel, nnd
up the Landes of Bordeaux and
across Brittany, flitting by night
and hiding and feeding as lie could
by day ; aud how his mates flew
against the lighthouses and were
killed by hundreds, and how he
essayed the British Channel, nnd
was blown back, shrivelled up by
bitter blasts; and liow he felt,
nevertheless, that that' wan water
he must cross/ be knew not why ;
but something told him his mother
had done it before him, and that
he was flesh of lier flesh, life of
her life, and had inherited her
‘instinct,’ as we call hereditary
memory, in order to avoid the
trouble of finding out wliat it is,
and how it comes. A duty was
laid on him to go back to the
place where he was bred, and he
must, do it, and now it is done ;
and he is weary, sad, and lonely;
and, for aught we know, thinking
already that when the leaves begin
to turn yellow he must go back
again, over the channels, over the
Landes, over the Pyrenees, to
Morocco once more. Why should
he not be sad! ”
In great contrast to the delicate,
sof t-bi lied wood-birds, the warblers,
are other of the summer migrants
to this country. One of these is
the hobby. This bountiful little
hawk—a " peregrine in miniature ’’
it has been styled—comes in the
wake of the migratory hosts in
spring, and stays with us till late
autumn. Fascinating it is to
watch the hobby performing its
wonderful aerial evolutions, or
lark-hawking far np against the
bine. It destroys numerous small
birds, and in summer adroitly
captures, on the wing, many of
the large flying insects and beetles.
Its two or'three bright red eggs
are laid in a nest in some high
tree—a nest not always made by
the hobbies themselves. Then,
another of our interesting summer
visitants belongs to the family of
butcher - birds — the redbacked
shrike. These sprightly birds are
brightin colouring, the male having a bright chestnut back, and
it has also many pretty airs. The chief point of interest which
attaches to the bird is that it hangs np the little carcases of
its prey in a regular shambles. Cockchafers, small birds,
beetles, frogs, and butterflies are all transfixed on thorns as
provision for the bird's wants. It comes and breeds with us,
and, on account of its curious habits, we have called it murder-
ing-pie, and the lesser butcher-bird. J. W.
INOCULATING an elephant.
Among the recent valuable discoveries of the famous French
physician. M. Pastenr. is that of the vaccination of domestic
animals for the prevention of the dire disease known as
anthrax, or splenic fever. The marked success attending his
system, in combating the Rinderpest in Europe, encouraged
Mr. J. II. Lamprey to bring the subject under the notice of
the Government of India, where no efficient remedy was
known for this rapidly fatal illness, which annually carries
off a large percentage of cattle of every kind. An Order in
Conncilhas been issued, after the most careful investigation
of the merits of the system, and of the probability of securing
its favourable reception by native proprietors. In order lo
carry out this object, some native Indian students, who have
received their education at the Cirencester Agricultural
College, are now undergoing a course of instruction at the
PariB Laboratory of M. Pasteur, and will shortly proceed to
stations in India, to dispense the vaccine, which is applied to
elephants as well as to oxen and other beasts. It is confidently
expected that their labours will be attended with tho same
success that followed the introduction of the system into those
countries where it is now in full operation ; with an ultimate
prospect of the total extermination of the most serious mala¬
dies, working great havoc amongst Hocks and herds throughout
the world. Hie elephant, in a domestioated state, is liable,
as well as other animals in the service of man, to certain
epidemic diseases
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Goodwood week, marking the end of the London season, is
here, and all the fashionable and would-be fashionable world
is departing to seek the restorative influences of ozone and
silence. Gowns for Goodwood, which are always smart, are
this time being generally composed of foulard silks, large
patterns being most in favour. The modest spots or tiny
designs of two seasons ago are •• selling off." The fashionable
dressmaker knows now only of startling and striking patterns,
such ns a large brown pine-cone figured on a heliotrope
ground; bunches of natural-coloured lilac on a white ground ;
lightning flashes of white meandering over a sky of blackness;
or dark bine cornflowers tied together in large clnsters on a
pale green ground. White vests generally relieve tluse
startling designs, which arc almost impossible for the entire
front of a bodice; the vests are folded prettily and somewhat
irregularly, rarely being plain.
For country gowns for the ‘ going away" season, tlicro
is quite a mania for separate skirts and bodices, the
latter being made loose and comfortable. Smocked yoke
silk, pongee or merveillenx, loose bodices, with waistbelts
and full sleeves, are most worn with cotton or even beige
or tennis flannel skirts. The actual jersey, made of the
original elastic stockingette cloth, is decidedly jia**er, but will
be quite a la mode at Margate. The liats for the seaside are
all very broad in the brims, which are bent in all manner of
ways, but usually are turned sharply up at the hack, while
they stand out straight just above the brow, so as to
shield the face from the sun—if by chance any sun should
appear. The crowns are low and trimmed profusely on the
top with big bows or loops of mnslin, oriipe, or lace, with a
cluster of flowers, or a sprav of frnit and leaves as if cut from
a cherry or plum tree, laid lightly amidst the diaphanous
clond, and falling down towards the front of the hat. Sailor
styles’ of make are popular in serge gowns, the loose bodice,
with its brood collar, opening from a white or red flannel vest,
and sagging over a trifle at the waist, being most becoming to
slight figures. Children’s sea-side frocks ore very generally
made sailor-fashion, too. Zephyr or cotton frocks are made
with simple loose blonse tops, confined by a sash not much
higher than the knee, or else hanging straight from a yoke to
which they ore gathered.
Comparatively rarely does a female plaintiff in a breach-of-
promise case fail’to recover some portion of the damages she
asks, because, as a rale, only the most gross cases of hardship
and ill-usage are brought forward. A young lady lias failed
this week, however, under circumstances which were certain to
preclude her from the sympathy of most of the jury-sitting
sex. She was decidedly an unreasonable young person, for
she offered her sweetheart the choice between his cigar
and her fair self: and when the ungallant wretch declared
that, if he must choose, he elected for the smoke, sbe
sought to punish him in his (rocket for the bad taste
of his decision. Now. bail the contract included, at tin-
first a provision to give up cigars for her sake, aud had
this been deliberately violated in order to cause the rupture of
the engagement, it would justly have gone hard with the
faithless sivain ; but. snrely, when the damsel deliberately
elected to place herself in one scale and a cigar in the other,
and found herself the lighter of the two in the graceless man s
estimation, she was bound to silently accept the judgment
tiiat she had challenged ; anu so thought the Sheriff who tried
the case. But oh! that smoke! how selfish, how heartless,
how incapable of self-denial it makes its devotees 1 he man.
it is to be presumed, once loved the woman ; but lie loved ti e
passing amusement of puffing out smoke better than lie loved
his lady. The age of chivalry was a pre-tobacco cm .
So doubt he thought that tho woman who objected to
tobacco must be a selfish, unkind creature, to want to rob
him of his pleasure. Men have no notion of its being their
dutv to give np anything to women " Serve him and oney
him ’’ are in the wife’s vow in the wedding service, and not n
the husband's. In a brilliant book of social essays lately
published by Mrs. Frank Leslie, that distinguished American
woman proposes the formation of a - Woman’s Co-operative
Union " for the education of man up to the feminine stand¬
point. to teach him that he is as much bound to self-denial
and self-control as he exjwcts ns to be. Man likes to
smoke" she observes, “and we all vow that we enjoy
smoke, nnd beg our male friends to favour ns with a
little of it, and sit smiling amid a blue fog. But suppose
a woman likes to have her nursery about her, or keeps
the thermometer at Ho deg., or prefers walking slowly to
walking fast—or, in short, cultivates any taste opposed to
masculine habits. Does the man good-humouredly conform,
and j,retend to like what he does not. aud to enjoy what he
abhors! I trow not.” And so Mrs. Frank Leslie proposes to
form a woman’s union in order to educate man to the pitch of
common feminine self-denial that makes most women pretcua
that tobacco is not offensive to them. .
Well, perhaps the American women may succeed m suett
an attempt ; the United States have not yet, like this cffi te
old land, produced such a numerical surplus of our sex as to
destroy the balance of power. Dear me, how can we be valued
at our proper rate when there are a million too many or u*.
If the case were only the precise ojiposito we might have a
chance. As it is. so little hope of success in a ladies anti-tobacco
crusade does Canon Shuttleworth give ns that, '“■"ff
upright and straightforward to pretend to suppose that ■ton-
smokers can really be comfortable in the midst of »L h
takes refuge in advising ns to smoke also. \\ hereupon tha
typical “man’s man, ” Professor Blackie produces a sonnet «
which he exclaims, in effect: Ah, no ! It is a 'vornans .luty
towards man to keep a sweet breath and nice teeth and therefore
smoking would be too vile a habit for her: but from a man a
woman has no right to expect such refinements Ihet y
Professor does not perceive that when he talks thus hoadto-
cates selfishness, and. as Mrs. Leslie says, a lower standard..!
self-control for men than women.
Alas ! smoking in the streets, m public places, r.ml even n
resorts where jieople go especially to breathe pure air. grow*
more common every day-and every day girl, become more
numerous. For some years past, according to the “egistra
General’s report, the proportion of female to “Me lurthsto
been gradually increasing with each year. There a>c oireaoy
a million too many of ns : and year by year the surplus gr •
I see no help for it: we shall only be strong enoughtore-wire
our natural empire, ami become powerful enough to dnni"
smoking, bv a* well-directed and discreet application oft
Chinese method of settling this problem. A little ''’hdeagoan
edict was issued in China pointing ont that too rn'i S
babies were being drowned ; and that in consequence^ many
good young men are unable to find wives. When ma Iff,
voting men here are in that position, the sncceaaora of the
Scotch heroine will be able to make terms 1heir a eight in
the scale of a roan’s estimation as against a cigar
vastly increased. Meantime, tobacco is the strode -
alas! Florence Fenwick-Miller.
Mr. Hugh Fraser, barrister-at-law, has been appointed
Lecturer in Equity to the Incorporated Law Society.
AUG. 4. \m
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ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
131
BY TIIE LOCIISTDE.
A dozen or so of white cottages, mixed with some houses of i\
belter class, at the foot and on the lower slopes of a ridge of
purple upland, and separated from the loch only by a narrow
road and a strip of pebbly ahore—8«ch is the village : if,
indeed, that may be called a village which is really little more
than the summer quarters of a few families who make money
(and spend it) in a spacious manufacturing city some thirty
miles or so “ up the water.” The clachan. or village proper,
lies nearly a mile away, on the threshold of a great noble's
finely-wooded grounds; and there, or thereabouts, you will
find the parish kirk, and the parish school-house, and the
post-office, and the joiner's, and the baker’s, and such other
necessaries as go to make up a well-conducted village, which
has escaped the cold shade of pauperism, and, like Dogberry,
has everything handsome about it. For what with the regular
employment given, by the great noble aforesaid (or by his
factor), and the provisioning of summer visitors and* per¬
manent residents, and a little fishing, and the small trading
affairs connect *d with the steam-boat traffic, the villagers in
tins happy nook are able to put a decent face upon things, and
to face the ehanco and change of life with considerable com¬
posure. They are *• verm prood ” of their sequestered and
picturesque home : anil well they may be, not only on account
of its position, which is beautiful exceedingly, but because the
genius of Scotland's greatest son has associated it with the
pathos and passion of one of his finest novels. Moreover, its
parish minister is known all over the land as a broad-minded
theologian, an effective platform orator, and an accomplished
man of letters. Item : it is included within the ample estates
of one of Scotland’s oldest ducal houses. Item: it has been
visit.nl by a daughter of the Royal family of England ; and in
its neighbourhood a deservedly popular novelist has located
the deep and painful interest of one of the most successful of
those of her fictions which deal with Scottish manners anil
Scottish scenery. ’j*is not every little village which Iiuh such
good rcasm for the pride that, I have observed, little villages
always have a good deal of.
This thriec-favoured clachan clusters near the extremity of
a narrow-, hilly peninsula, formed on one side by the broad
est rory of Scotland's great western river, and on the other by
an arm or loch which that estuary throws off to rest among
the brown hills and take into its bosom the cool shadows
of huge jagged peaks of granite. Above the long sandy spit,
which, at low water, contracts its mouth into a channel
scarcely wide enough for the passage of a man-of-war, this
loch spreads out into an oval basin, its green shore fringed
with long lines of birch and rowan, which, on tiny capes and
headlands, approach the very margin of the ooze, and droop
their branches into the flowing tide. Little timber-bnilt piers,
here and there, provide for the convenience of those dwellers
“by the lochside,” for whom the daily steamer supplies the
readiest means of access to the outer world. In sunny open
spaces mansions of Btately aspect and spacions proportions
have been erected by wealthy citizens; and with their trim
lawns and shrubberies, their terraced gardens and their thick
hedges of fuchsias, make a striking contrast to the bold brown
hills rising so steeply in their rear, with no other ornament
than wide patches of heather on their acclivities. At the loch-
head. where another little clachan snugly nestles among dwarf
oaks and birken ahaws, the hills make a sndden dip, and there
the road finds its way across them, descending to the side of
another and much larger loch, which penetrates several miles
inland, and washes with deep rolling waves the feet of a
range of gloomy, precipitous heights, smitten by the thunders
of the ages. Dnt in this romantic country lochs and
mountain* are as plentiful as green lanes and fields in the
pastoral South. Some of the most majestic, though not the
loftiest, of the Scottish “ bens” are visible from the crest of the
range of hills ; and. as for lochs, from “ the dip” I have spoken
of. three of these salt-water basins, with gleaming curves and
crescents, are visible—as glorious a spectacle on a radiant day
as the seer of Patmos ever saw in Apocalyptic vision. Un-
travclled Southrons can have no idea of the infinite varieties
of life and colour which this weird combination of mountain
am! water develops. Each height 1ms an individuality of its
own; each loch is distinct in character from all other lochs.
Un this side is the gentler grace; on the other, the fuller
majesty. Here the landscape molts into an almost Arcadian
softness ; there, it is darkened with the sombre gloom of
despair. If, on the one hand, the rugged precipices Htnrfc
sheer from the water s edge, like a wall of iron ; on the other
yon see n gracious heathery slope, with a bright burn leaping
and sbiniug down its undulating side. Then, again, the aspect
of each scene, like the expression of an eloquent face, changes
evi-ry half-hour—nay, every minute—on one of those joyous
days when sunshine and shadow follow each other—over hill
and glen, over stream and rock—with all the arrowy quickness
of n lover's thoughts ; and swift scurries of rain and mist come
up from the south-west, to be succeeded by sudden slants of
golden glory ; and flecks of white cirrus shoot athwart the
sapphire-blae sky, deepening with their transient reflections
i h<* broad bulk of the great mountains, and the rippled bosom
of the copious lochs.
i 1 have wan< te r ed away from the little village by the
lochside. For artist, or poet, or jaded man of letters. I know
of few pleasanter seclusions. There you mav study at vour
leisure the wavs of Nature, and all*her charming magical
changes. In the soft summer-time there is no end to the
beautiful things she has to show you—tall clumps of fuchsia,
sparkling with tiny crimson petalc ; the graceful lady-birch.
»n the sweet delicacy of her cool foliage: fairy-like f ;rns. with
an their fronds unfolded ; and spikes of digitalis, with hanging
fkli i 80 5 nriousI ? 8 P° fcted - The morning dawns upon you with
theblandnessof the later summer ; ami, lookiug across the loch
jou reel for a moment as if yon had unwittingly stepped out of
the world in which men live and move and have their being,
mto a strange, ideal world of inconceivable splendour ; for lo !
a broad band of shining mist is stretched along the opposite
snore, which, beneath it. is reflected in the glassy wave with u
siartim*'distinctness—hills and trees and tnrreted mansions,
and pfttehe* of bright garden-ground—all inverted in that
}. no,,l ° mirror—the reality of it above and the image
it below so combined that, as you gaze and wonder as you
g* e. and the mist creeps quickly upward, the reality seems to
>ecoiiu» an image also, and all its details are subdued into n
tu! °°i I®? 110 dreftra ; and tben th « glides awav, and
® .• I ™ #ca P° disappears, and before you is the Real
umnnr fa,n ' 8h,niu s with a thousand elysian lights as the
hionnting sun touches it with its fingers of fire.
iW/ lochside, you will often be moved by the
'J^i fdence th ft t prevails-a silence which seems to hush
is run ^l*!"?*** feeling, every surging thought. The breeze
tlu-ir I the bird ® have ceased their songs and folded
On fK-. m *\ u . mbe r '• acalm lies upon the far-off mountains,
loch i« ^ rr0nMt i 1 V g hills, on the curving shore. 'Ihc whole
^ the glory of the setting sun ; and such a
mrid*™ . mnce ifc and adorns it, such a dream and
into • colour, that all things seem stilled and subdued
bmntv. v adoration hy the very immensity of its
; ine lights come and go—purple, green, and gold—
merging at last into a deep crimson lustre, which floods
all the western sky, and sinks with a warm glow into
the bosom of the loch, until yon see, as it were, a double
sunset— one in the. loch below and one in the heaven above.
Mtently, this rich, rare glory fades and fades; from loch and
ftfcy, like a vision with noiseless feet, the celestial splendour
}iasses ; and out into the blue serene comes the moon, with her
company of stars ; and still the hush is unbroken, except by
the low plash of the waves on the “ umbered strand,” which,
indeed does not so much interrupt the solemn silence as serve
to confirm and enhance it. And now the moonlight folds the
loch in it* embrace ; here, ploughing the tranquil surface, as
with a sil ver share, in one broad, unbroken rnrrow; there,
dropping little silvery gleams and pearlv lines; teaching the
wooded shores with streaks of soft pale light, and illuminating
the distant peaks of granite till they shine against the intense
depths of the firmament like towers of silver.
But a change comes over the spirit of the scene. A little
cloud rises in the north, not bigger than a mau'H hand, and
barely visible across tbe distant snmmits. All at once, this cloud
expands in every direction, deepening and widening until the
sky is overcast with mirky gloom, impenetrable and oppressive.
I here is a pattering on the leaves around yon, and vou can see
the face of the loch troubled with thick-corning* raindrops.
Knin, ram ! And now, flash after flash of lightning—the dark
heavens o]»en and shat with sadden bursts of lurid flame, as
from a furuace-fire; and the thunder rolls among the moun¬
tains with a hoarse reverberation like the echoes of distant
battle; and the waters dash in white breakers against the
shore, as the wind, let loose from northern heights, sweeps
down the loch on shrieking wings. The storm, however, soon
spends its fury : the lightnings cease, and the wind subsides—
but with muttering, growling noises, like a creatnre whose
wrath is still unsatisfied; and tho blackness vanishes; and
soon, over the eastern hills, breaks
the first dawn of the coming day,
and morning, with all its joyous
voices and hopeful promises, comes
once agniu to those of the “sons
of men” whose lot is cast—not
unhappily, I think—*- by the loch¬
side.”
SPEECH DAY, CHRIST'S HOSPITAL,
Additional interest was lent to
speech day at the ancient Blue-
coat foundation, on July 2."», hy tho
new scheme of the Charity Com¬
missioners, which would practically
abolish the old school. After the
very effective singing of the luuth
l\sa1ra hy the boys, followed a
series of recitations, all of them
delivered with minimally good
elocution. H. S. Whiteside gave
Lord Beaconsfield’s “ Accession of
Queen Victoria ”; E. C. Pearce,
“C’ivis Ronmnus sum” (Cicero) ;
C. llipwood, part of a siieoeh of
Macaulay's on the Chiha War;
A. B. Ward, in French, an extract
from a discourse of M. Gambetta ;
R. U. K. t 'hristian, Froude's account •
of the dcstrnction of the Armada,
and also a Greek excerpt from
Thucydides: E. A. Rolfe a portion
of his prize Latin poem on “ Colum¬
bus.” and II. R. Dickin, ‘* Der
G lockenguss zn Breslau.”
But the special feature of tho
gathering was the English Oration
by E. A. Rolfe, in which the new
scheme of the Charity Com¬
missioners was referred to in a
manner which showed unmistak¬
ably how it is regarded by tho
governors, the head master (Rev.
R. Lee), the teaching staff, and by
the present and old Blues. There
would, said the «|>eaker, if this
scheme received the nssent of
Parliament, as it has of the Edu¬
cation Department, still lie a
Christ’s Hospital, but it would be
no longer the school of the past.
Between the Christ’s Hospital
founded hy good Edward VI. and
that of the Commissioners there
would be nothing but the name.
The applause which greeted this
declaration was emphatic and
unanimous. Among the events of
the year. Mr Rolfe referred to the
loss which the great German nation
hail suffered by the death of two Emperors, one of whom had
showed how simply a hero could live, ami the other how
bravely a hero could die.
After a hearty rendering of the favourite “ Dulce Domum,”
the prizes were’distributed by the Lord Mayor. The exhi¬
bitioners for 1S*S are .—Charles Hipwood, scholar (classical)
of Wmlhnm College. Oxford : Arthur Lyon Rowley, major
scholar (mathematical) of Trinity College. < ’ambridge ; Eugfcne
Alfred Rolfe. scholar (classical) of University College, Oxford;
Joseph William Philipson. scholar (classical) of Selwyn College.
Cambridge : and Henry Caldwell Lipsctt, scholar (classical) of
Liucoln College, Oxford.
THE MAHARAJAH OF TIKFMGURH AND
HIS TIGER.
Tikumgnrh is one of the Native States in the territory known
ns Bundelcnnd ; its chief, the Maharajah Pertab Singh, is an
ardent sportsman. He visited the Lalitpnr district the other
day. where he was entertained by tho Deputy Commissioner.
While he was there, information was brought in that a tiger
had appeared near Deogurh, a few miles ont; and a shooting-
party was at once organised. Beaters were sent into the
jungle, and a tigress appeared abont thirty yards from where
tho Maharajah was posted. With a single shot, his Highness
killed her. The shooting-party had scarcely been back twenty-
four horn's, when news arrived of another tiger having been
seen ; and the Maharajah, with a small party, went out again.
He hnd not long to wait when the tiger appeared, and on
seeing the Maharajah, made straight for him, bounding along,
and growling savagely. His Highness, with characteristic
pluck and presence of mind, waited till the animal was within
about fifty yards and then fired. The shell entered the tiger's
chest and burst, shattering his lungs and heart. A photograph
was taken a few hours after the kill, at the spot where the
tiger fell, by Mr. John Gordon, of the Indian Midland Railway.
The tiger measured ten feet, and the tigress si* inches shorter,
immediately after being killed. In addition to the tiger and
tigress, the Maharajah was fortunate in catching two yonng
cubs, which he has taken for his menagerie at Tehri.
FASHIONABLE MARRIAGES.
The marriage of Mr. E. Henry Loyd, of Langleybnr.v, nerts.
with the Hon. Clementina Brownlow, fifth daughter of the
late and sister of the present Lord Largan, took place on
July 2<i in St. Stephen's Church. Gloncester-road. The eight
bridesmaids were the Hon. Isabella and the Hon. Emmeline
The strain-ship Copeland, of Leith, went ashore on the
island of Stroma on July 23. She had -t(0 emigrants on board,
who were ail landed on the island.
Nearly 40,000 persons were attracted to the Alexandra
Palace on July 29 to witness the ascent and descent of
Mr. Baldwin, who had promised to drop from a balloon at the
height of about 1000 ft. When at a height of about 1500 ft. he
detailed the parachute, and descended in safety.
The final ceremonial with regard to the Pan Anglican
Conference »t. Lambeth was a special service celebrated on
July 28 in St. Paul's Cathedral, and attended by the Arch¬
bishops of Canterbury, York, Dublin.and Armagh, the Bishop
of London, and about Ho other Bishops, home and Colonial.
The sermon was preached by the Archbishop of York.
The following steamers arrived at Liverpool recently
with live stock and fresh meat from American ami Canadian
ports:—The Montreal, with 313 cattle and 854 sheep; the
Iown, with 839 cattle and 692 quarters of beef ; the Barrow-
more. with 700 cattle; the Lake TInron, with 408 cattle and
670 sheep ; the Catalonia, with 960 quarters of beef; the
Arisona. with 2920 quarters of beef : and the Germanic, with
760 quarters of beef ; the totil arrivals being 2002 cattle, 1524
sheep, and 5332 quarters of beef.
THE MAHARAJAH OF TIKUMUURH, AND A TIGER KILLED BY HIM.
Brownlow. sisters of the bride; Miss Gwendoline and Miss
Beatrice Loyd, sisters of the bridegroom; Lady Ottoline ISi-u-
tinek, Lady Mary Pepys. and Miss Burne, cousins of the bride ;
and Miss lleneage. cousin of the bridegroom. Tbe Bishop of .
St. Albans officiated, assisted by the Rev. E. T. Vaughan, Vicar
of St. Paul's. Langleybnry ; the Rev. J. P. Waldo, Vicar of St.
Stephen's ; and the Rev. Walter Brownlow, cousin of the bride.
Mr. Marcns Henry Milner was married to Caroline Agnes,
Dnchess Dowager of Montrose, on July 20, at St. Andrew's,
Fulham. The Dnchess is the youngest daughter of the second
Lord Decies, and the widow of the fourth Duke of Montrcse,
who died in 1874. Her Grace's second husband wos Mr. \V. S.
Stirling-Crawfurd, to whom she wns married in 1876 and who ■
died in 1893. The Duchess is well known in racing ciicles r.s
'•Mr. Mnnton." The bridegroom is the youngest son of tho
late Mr. Henry Milner, of West Retford House. Notts, and tho
Old Bank, Leeds, and brother of Lady Gerard and Lady Dm ham.
The marriage of Loril Beaumont with Violet, only daughter
of Mr. Wootton Isaacson. M.P., and Mrs. Wootton Isaacson, wi.s
solemnised on July 28, at the Oratory, Brampton, beloic a
large and distinguished congregation. The bridesmaids were—
Miss Margaret Peake. Donna Marghnerita Chigi, MisB Morell
Mackenzie, and Miss Riddell and Miss Stapleton, cousins of
the bridegroom. The bride was accompanied by her father,
who gave her away.
The marriage of Mr. Donald Campbell, eldest son of tho
Hon. and Rev. Archibald Campbell, of Marohfield House,
Berks, late Rector of Knipton, Leicestershire, with Edith Mary,
eldest daughter of Mr. Henry Smith Wright, M.P., took piece
in St. Luke's Chnrch, Chelsea, on July 26. In attendance on
the bride were three pages — Master J. H. Smith Wright,
yonngest brother of the bride; Masters E. J. Wright and
C. Howard. The Hon. and Rev. A. Campbell, father of I lie
bridegroom, officiated, assisted by the Rev. II. F. Howard,
Rector of Bright Waltham, Berks, nnole of tbe bridegroom,
and the Rev. George Howard Wright, uncle of the bride •
Mr. Smith Wright giving his daughter away.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 4. 1883
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.’
BY WALTER BESANT,
author or “Pouothy Foubt*h," “Childhks or Gmtojrr
"Tim iikvoi.t or Mo*” ”Katiiaui** Rimka," rrc.
CHAPTER IX.
WITH THE ELDERS.
mm
■ r.
WE went liome
k again, all well
I pleased, and I
* holding the Duke’s
ring tight, I pro¬
mise you. It was
a most beautiful
ring when 1 came
to look at it: a great
. emerald was in the
” midst of it, with little
pearls and emeralds
set alternately around
it. Neeer was such
a grand gift to so
humble a person. I
tied it to a black
ribbon and put it in
the box which held
myclothes. Butsome-
t iines I could not for¬
bear the pleasure of
w earing it round my
neck, secretly ; not for the joy of possessing
the ring so much as for remembering the
. lovely face and the gracious words of the
giver.
At that time I was in my sixteenth year,
but well grown for my age. Like my father,
I am abovo the common stature of women. We continued
for more than four years longer to live without the company
of the boys, which caused me to be much in the society
of my elders, and as much at the Manor House and the
Rectory as at home. At the former place Sir Christopher
loved to have me with him all day long, if my mother
would suffer it; when he walked abroad I must walk with
him; when he walked in his garden I must be at his
side. When he awoke after his afternoon sleep he liked to
s -e me sitting ready to talk to him. I must play to him and
sing to him ; or I must bring out the backgammon board; or
I must read the last letters from Robin and Humphrey. Life
i i dull for an old man whose friends arc mostly dead, unless
h ■ have the compauy of the young. So David in his old age
took to himself a young wife. I have sometimes thought that
he would have done better to have comforted his heart with
the play and prattle of his grandchildren—of whom, 1 suppose,
there must have been many families.
Now, as I was so much with his Honour, I had much talk
with him upon things on which wise and ancient men do not
often converse with girls, and I was often present when he
discoursed with my father or with his son-in-law, the Rector, on
high and serious matters. It was a time of great anxiety and
uncertainty. There were great Pope burnings in the country;
and when some were put in pillory for riot at these bonfires
not a hand was lifted against them. They had one at Sher¬
borne on Nov. 17, the anniversary of Queen Elizabeth’s
Coronation day, instead of Nov. 5, Guy Faux Day. Boys went
about the streets asking for halfpence and singing—
Up with the ladder,
And down with the rope;
Give u* * penny
To bum the old Pope.
There were riots in Taunton, where the High Church party
burned the pulpit of a meeting-house; people went about
openly sayiug that the Roundheads would soon come back
again. From Robin we heard of the Popish plots and the
flight of the Duke of York, and afterwards ot Monmouth's
disgrace and exile. At all the market towns where men
gathered together they talked of these things, and many
whispered together: a thing which Sir Christopher loved not,
because it spoke of conspiracies and secret plots, whereas he
was all for bold declaration of conscience.
Ill short, it was an anxious time, and everybody under¬
stood that serious tilings would happen should the King die.
There were not wanting, besides, omens of coming ills—if you
accept such things as omens or warnings. To Taunton
(afterwards the town most affected by the Rebellion) a plain
warning was vouchsafed by the rumbling and thundering and
shaking of the earth itself, so that dishes were knocked down
and cups broken, and plaster shaken off the walls of houses.
And once (this did I myself see with my own eyes) the sun rose
with four other suns for companions - a most terrifying sight,
though Mr. Boscorel, who spoke learnedly oil omens, had an
explanation of this miracle, which he said was due to natural
causes alone. And at lie Brewers there was a monstrous
birth of two girls with but one body from the breast down¬
wards ; their names were Aquila and Priscilla; but I believe
they lived but a short time.
I needs must tell of .Mr. Boscorel because he was a man
the like of whom I have never since beheld. I believe there
eat. be few men such as he was, who could so readily exchange
the world of heat and argument for the calm and dispassionate
ait of art and music. Even religion (if I may venture to say so)
seemed of less importance to him than puiuting and sculpture.
I have said that he taught me to play upon the spimiet. Now
that Humphrey was gone, he desired my company every day, in
order, he pretended, that I might grow perfect in my perform¬
ance, hut in reality because he was lonely at the Rectory, and
found pleasure in my company. We played together—he
upon the violoncello and I upon the spinnet—such music ns he
chose. It was sometimes grave and solemn music, such ns
Lulli's “ Miserere ” or his “ De Profuudis ” ; sometimes it was
some part of a Roman Catholic Mass: then was my soul uplifted
and wafted heavenwards by the chords, which seemed prayer
and praise fit for the angels to harp before the throne. Some¬
times it was music which spoke of human passions, when I
would be, in like manner, carried out of myself. My master
would watch not only my execution, commending or correcting,
but lie would also watch the effect of the music upon my mind.
“ We are ourselves,” he said, “like unto the instruments
upon which we play. For as one kind of instrument, as the
drum, produces but one note; and another, as the cymbals,
but a clashing which is in itself discordnnt, but made effective
ill a band; so others are, like the most delicate and sensitive
violins—those of Cremona—capable of producing the finest
music that the soul of mail hath ever devised. It is by such
music, child, that some of us mount unto heaven. As for me,
indeed, I daily feel more and more that music leadeth the soul
upward, and that, as regards the disputations on the Word of
God, the letter indeed killeth, but the spirit which music
helpeth us to feel—the spirit, I say, giveth life.” He sighed,
and drew his bow gently across the first string of his violon¬
cello. “'Tis a time of angry argument. The Word of
•AU ItiikU Jnowl.
God is thrown from one to the other as a pebble is shot from
a sling. It wearies me. In this room, among these bookaof
music, my soul finds rest, and the spiritual part of me is lifted
heavenwards. Humphrey and you, my dear, alone can com¬
prehend this saying. 'Hum hast a mind like lus, to feel mid
understand what music means. Listen!” Here he executed
a piece of music at which the tears rose to my eyes. “ I hat is
from the Romish Mass which we are taught ignorantly to
despise. My child, I am, indeed, no Catholic, and I hold that
ours is the purer Church; yet, in losing the Mass we have lost
the great music with which the Catholics sustain their souls.
Some of our anthems, trulv, are good; but what is a single
anthem, finished in ten minutes, compared with a grand Mass
which lasts three hours?” . ,. , ,
Then he had portfolios filled with engravings, which he
would bring forth and contemplate with u kind of rapture,
discoursing upon the engraver’s art and its difficulties, so that
I should not, as is the case with ignorant persons, suppose that
these things were produced without much training and skill. He
had also boxes full of coins, medals, and transparent gems carved
most delicately with heathen gods and goddesses, shepherds
and swains, after the ancient fashion, unclothed and unashamed.
On these things he would gaze with admiration which he
tried to teach - me, but could not succeed, because I cannot
believe that we may without blame look upon such figures.
Nevertheless, they were most beautiful, the bauds and faces
and the very hair so delicately and exquisitely carved that you
could hardly believe it possible. And he talked solemnly and
scholarly of these gauds, as if they were things which peculiarly
deserved the attention of wise and learned men. Nay, he
would be even lifted out of himself in considering them.
“Child,” he said, “we know not, and we cannot even
guess, the wonders of art that in heaven we shall learn to
accomplish as if carving and painting were the occupation
of angels!—“ or the miracles of beauty and of dexterity that
we shall be able to design and execute. Here, the hand is
clumsy and the brain is dull; we cannot rise above ourselves;
we are blind to the beauty with which the Lord hath filled the
earth for the solace of human creatures. Nay; we are not
even tender with the beauty that we see and love. We suffer
maidens sweet as the dreams of poets to waste their beauty
unpraised and unsung. I am old, child, or I would praise
thee in immortal verse. Much I fear that tliou wilt grow old
without the praise of sweet numbers. Well; there is no
doubt more lasting beauty of face and figure hereafter to joy
the souls of the elect. And thou wilt make his happiness for
one mnu on earth. Pray Heaven, sweet child, that he look
also to thine ! ”
He would say such things with so grand an air, speaking ns
if his words should command respect, and with so kindly an
eye and a soft smile, while lie gently stroked the side of his
nose, which was long, that I was always carried away with the
authority of it, and not till after I left him did I begin to
perceive that my father would certainly never allow that the
elect should occupy themselves with the frivolous pursuits of
painting and the fine arts, but only with the playing of their
harps and the singing of praises. It was this consideration
which caused him to consent that his daughter should learn
the spinnet. I did not tell him (God forgive me for the
deceit, if there was any!) that we sometimes played music
written for the Mass; nor did I repeat what Mr. Boscorel
said concerning art and the flinging about of the Word of God,
because my father was wholly occupied in controversy, and
his principal, if not his only; weapon was the Word of God.
Another pleasure which wc had was to follow Humphrey in
his travels by the aid of his letters and a mappa inundi, or
atlas, which the Hector possessed. Then 1 remember when we
heard that the boys were about to ride together through France
from Montpellier to Leyden in Holland, we had on the table
the great map of France. There were many drawings, coats-
of-arms, and other pretty things on the map.
“It is now,” said Mr. Boscorel, finding out the place he
wanted, and keeping liis forefinger upon it, “nearly thirty
years since I made the grand tour, being then governor to the
young Lord Silchester, who afterwards died of the Plague in
London. Else had I been now a Bishop, who am forgotten in
this little place. The hoys will ride, I take it, by the same
road which we took : first,' because it is the high road and the
safest; next, because it is the best provided with inns and
resting places; and, lastly, because it passes through the best
part of his most Christian Majesty's dominions, and carries
tile traveller through his finest and most stately cities. From
Montpellier they will ride — follow my finger, child!—to
Nismcs. Before the Revocation it was a great place for
those of the Reformed Religion, and a populous town. Here
they will not fail to visit the Roman temple which still stands.
It is not, indeed, such a noble monument as one may see in
Rome; but it is in good preservation, and a fair example of
the later style. They will also visit the great amphitheatre,
which should be cleared of the menu houses which are now
built up within it, and so exposed in all its vastness to the
admiration of the world. After seeing these things they will
direct their way across a desolute piece of country to Avignon,
passing on the way the ancient Homan aqueduct called the
Pont de Gard. At Avignon they will admire the many
churches and the walls, and will not fail to visit the palace
of the Popes daring the Great Schism. Thence they will ride
northwards, unless they wish first to see the Roman remains
at Arles. Thence will they proceed up the Valley of
the Rhone, through many stately towns, till they come
to Lyons, where, doubtless, they will sojourn for a few
days. Next, they will journey through the rich country of
Burgundy, and from the ancient town of Dijon will reach
Paris through the city of Fontainebleau. On the way they
will see many noble houses and castles, with rich towns
and splendid churches. In no country are there more
splendid churches, built in the Gothic style, which we have
now forgotten. Some of them, alas! have been defaced in
the wars (so-called of Religion), where, as happened also to
us, the delicate carnal work, the scrolls and flowers and
statues were destroyed, and the painted windows broken.
Alus! that men should refuse to suffer Art to become the
minister and handmaid of Religion ! Yet in the first and most
glorious temple in which the glory of the Lord was visibly
present, there were curved and graven lilies, with lions, oxen,
chariots, cherubim, palm-trees, and pomegranates.”
He closed liis atlas and sat down.
“Child,” ho said, meditating. “For a scholar, in his
youth, there is no pleasure comparable with the pleasure of
travelling in strange countries, among the monuments of
ancient days. My own sou did never, to my sorrow, desire
the pleasant paths of learning, and did never show any love
for the arts, in which 1 have always taken so great delight. He
desireth rather the companionship of men; be loveth to drink
and sing; and he nourisheth a huge ambition. ’Tis best that
we are not all alike. Humphrey should have been my son.
Forget not, my child, that he hath desired to be remembered
to thee in every letter which he hath written.”
If the Rector spoke much of Humphrey, Madam made
ameuds by talking continually of Robin, and of the great
things that he would do when he returned home. Justice of
the Peace, that he would certainly be made; Captain first and
afterwards Colonel in the Somerset Militia, that also should ho
lie; Knight of the Shire, if he were ambitious—but that I
knew he would never be; High Sheriff of the County, if his
slender means permitted—for the estate was not worth more
than five or six hundred pounds a year. Perhaps he would
marry an heiress: it would be greatly to the advantage of the
family if an heiress were to come into it with brood acres of
her own ; but she was not a woman who would seek to control
her son in the mutter of his affections, and if he chore a gii]
with no fortune to her bock, if she was a good girl and pious
Madam would never say him nay. And he would soon return’
The boy had been at Oxford and next in London, learning
law, such as Justices require. He was now with Humphrey at
the University of Leyden, doubtless learning more low. *
“ My dear,” said Madam, “ we want him home. Mis grand¬
father groweth old, though still, thank God, in the full
possession of his faculties. Yet a young man’s presence is
needed. I trust and pray that he "will return as he went
innocent, in spite of the many temptations of the wicked city’
And, oh ! child—what if he should have lost his heart to
some designing city hussy ! ”
He came—asyou shall hear immediately — Robin enmc home.
Would to God that he had waited, if only for a single mouth!
Had he not come all our afflictions would have been spared us !
Had he not come that good old man, Sir Christopher-but it
is vain to imagine what might have been. We are- in the lmiuls
of the Lord ; nothing that happens to us is permitted blit by
him, and for some wise purpose was Sir Christopher in his old
age—alas ! why should I anticipate what I have to narrate ?
CHAPTER X.
LE ROY EST MORT.
In February of the year 1685, King Charles 11. died.
Sir Christopher himself brought us the news from Sher¬
borne, whither he had gone, as was his wont, to the weekly
ordinary. He clattered up the lane on his cob, and halted at
our gate.
“Call thy father, child. Give you good-day, Madnm
Eykin. Will your husband leave his books and come forth
for a moment? Tell him I have news.”
My father rose and obeyed. His gown was in rags; his
feet were clad in cloth shoon, which I worked for him; his
cheek was wasted; but his eye was keen. He was lean and
tall; his hair was as white as Sir Christopher's, though he
was full twenty years younger.
“ Friend and gossip,” said Sir Christopher, “the King is
dead.”
“Is Charles Stewart dead?” my father replied. “He
cumbered the earth too long. For five-and-twenty years hath
he persecuted the saints. Also he hath burnt incense after
the abomination of the heathen. Let his lot be ns the lot
of Aliaz.”
“ Nay ; he is buried by this time. His brother the Duke
of York hath been proclaimed King.”
“James the Papist. It is as though Muuasseh should
succeed to Aliaz. And after him Jehoiakim.”
“ Yet the bells will ring and we shall pray for the King;
and wise men, friend Eykin, will do well to keep silence.”
“There is a time to speak and a time to keep silence. It
may be that the time is at hand when a godly man must
stretch forth his hand to tear down the Scarlet Woman, though
she slay him in the attempt.”
“It nmy be so, my friend; yet stretch not forth thine
hnnd until thou art well assured of the Divine Command. The
King is dead. Now will my son-in-law ring out the bells for
the new King, and we shall pray for him, as we prayed for his
brother. It is our duty to pray for all in authority* though to
the prayers of a whole nation there seemeth, so far as hurnau
reason can perceive, no answer.”
“ I for one will pray no more for a King who is a Papist.
Rather will I pray daily for his overthrow."
“King Charles is said to have rcceivi d n priest before he
died. Yet it is worse that the King should be an open than a
secret Catholic. Let as be patient, my friend, and await the
time.”
So lie rode up the village, and presently the bells were set a-
ringing, and they clashed as joyously," echoing around the
Cortou Hills, as if the accession of King James 11. was the only
thing wanted to make the nation prosperous, happy, and
religious.
My father stood ot the gate after Sir Christopher left him.
The wind was cold, and the twilight was falling, and his cassock
was thin, but he remained there motionless, until my mother
went out and drew him back to the house by the arm. He
went into his own room, hut he rend no more that day.
In the evening he came forth and sat with us, and while 1
sat sewing, my mother spinning by the light of the fire, l.e
discoursed, which was unusual with him, upon things and
peoples and the best form of Government, which he held to be
a Commonwealth, with a strong man for President, But lie
was to hold his power from the people, and was to lay
it down frequently, lest lie should in liis turn be tempted
to become a King. And if he were to fall away from
righteousness, or to live in open sin, or to be a
merrymaker, or to suffer his country to fall from a high place
among the nations, he was to be displaced, and be forced to
retire. As for the man Charles, now dead, he would become,
my father said, an example to all future ages, and a warning
of what may happen when the doctrine of Divine Right is
generally accepted and acted upon; the King himself being
not so mueli blamed by him as the practice of hereditary rule
which caused him to be seated upon the throne, when his true
place, my father said, was among the lacqueys and varlcts of
the palace. “His brother James,” he added, “ hath non-an
opportunity such ns is given to few—for he may become
another Josiah. But I think he will neglect that opportunity,
he concluded; “ yea, even if Hilkiah the Priest were to bring
him a message from Huldali the Prophetess; for he doth
belong to a family which, by the Divine displeasure, can never
perceive the truth. Let us now read the Word, and wrestle
with the laird in praver.”
Next we heard that loyal addresses were poured m from
all quarters congratulating the King, and promising most
submissive obedience. One would have thought that the people
were rejoiced at the succession of a Roman Catholic; it was
said that the King had promised liberty of conscience unto an,
that he claimed that liberty for himself, and that he went to
Mass daily and openly. _ ...
But many there were who foresaw trouble. Unfortunately,
one of them was Sir Christopher, who spoke his mind at all
times too fiercely for his safety. Mr. Boscorel, also, was ot
opinion that civil war would speedily ensue.
“ The King's friends,” he said, “ may for a time buy the
support of the Nonconformists, and make a show of religious
liberty. Thus may they govern for a while. But it is no
in the nature of the Roman Catholic priest to unbalance
religious liberty, or ever to sit down contented with less tnan i
the pie. They must for ever scheme and intrigue for m
power. Religious liberty? It means to them the ete
damnation of those who hold themselves free to thm
themselves. They would be less than human if they aia n
f'-'aSwirf?
TUE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Auo. 1, 1888.—133
he chou.
134
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AtTG. 1, 1888
try to cave the souls of the people by clocking their freedom,
they must make this country even as Spain or Italy. Is it to
be believed that they will suffer the Church to‘retain her
revenues, or the nniver-ities to remain out of their control?
Nay, will they allow the grammar schools to be in the hands
of Protestants r NeverThe next generation will be wholly
Catholic, unless the present generation send King and priests
packing.”
These were treasonable words, but they were uttered in the
hall of the Manor House with no other listeners than Kir
Christ jpher and the. Hector.
‘•Seeing these things, son-in-law,” said Sir Christopher,
‘‘what becomes of liight Divine? Where is the duty of non-
resistance?”
"The doctrine of Kight Divine,” said Mr. Hoseorcl, rubbing
his nose, " includes the Divine institution of a Monarchy,
which, I confess, is manifestly untenable, because the Lord
granted a King to the people only because they clamoured for
line. Also, had the institution been of Divine foundation, the
Jews would never have been allowed to live under the rule of
Judges, Tetrarelis, and Roman Governors.”
“ Von have not always spoken so plainly,” said Sir
Christopher.
"Nav: why be always proclaiming to the world your
thoughts and opinions? Besides, even if the doctrine of non-
resistance were sound, there may be cases in which just laws
may be justly set aside, I say not. that this is one, as yet.
But if there were danger of the ancient superstitions bring
thrust upon us to the destruction of our souls, 1 say not that
we should meekly sit down. Nay; if a starving man take a
loaf of bread, there being no other way possible to save liis
life, one would not, therefore, hold him a thief. Vet the law
remains.”
Shall the blood which hath been poured out for the cause
of liberty prove to be shed in vain ? ” asked Sir Christopher.
“ Why, Sir,” said the Kertor, “the same question might
be asked in France, where the l’rotestants fought longer and
against greater odds than we in this country. Yet the blood
of those martyrs hath been slied, so fur as man can see, in
vain : the Church of Home is there the conqueror indeed. It
is laid upon the Protestants, even upon us, who hold that we
are a true branch of the ancient Apostolic Church, to defend
ourselves continually against an enemy who is always at unity,
always guided by one man, always knows what lie wants, and
is always working to get it. We, on the other hand, do not
know our own minds, and must for ever be quarrelling among
ourselves. Nevertheless, the heart of the country is Protestant;
and sooner or later the ease of conscience may arise whether—
the law remaining unchanged—we may not blamelessly break
the law?”
That case of conscience was not yet ripe for consideration.
There needed iiret many things—including the martyrdom of
saints and innocent men and poor, ignorant rustics—before
the country roused herself once more to seize her liberties.
Then as to that poor doctrine of Divine Right, they nil made
a mouthful of it, except only a small and harmless band of
nonjurors.
At the outset, whatever the opinions of the people 1 —who
eoulcl have been made to rise as one man—the gentry remained
loyal. Above all things, they dreaded another civil war.
“ Wc must fain accept the King’s professions,” said the
Rector. “If we have misgivings, let us disguise them.
Let us rather nourish the hope that they are honestly meant;
and let us wait. England will not become another Spain in a
single day. Let us wait. The stake is not yet set up in
Smithfickl, and the Inquisition is not yet established in the
country.”
It was in this temper that the King's accession found
Sir Christopher. Afterwards he was accused of having har¬
boured designs against the King from tlic beginning. That,
indeed, was not the ease. He laid no thought of entering into
any such enterprise. Yet he never doubted that ill the end
there would be nil uprising against the rule of tlic priests. Nor
did lie doubt that the King would lie pushed on by his advisers
to one preten.-ion after another for the advancement of his own
prerogative and the disjilaeenient of tlic Protestant Church.
Nav, he openly predicted that there would be such attempts;
and he maintained—such was his wisdom ’ -that, in the long
run, the Protestant faith would be established upon a surer
foundation than ever. But as for conspiring or being cognisant
of anv conspiracy, that was untrue, why. lie was at this time
s •veii”ty-five years of age—a time when such men as Sir
Christopher have continually before tlieir eyes Death mid the
Protestant;
e whether—
lessly break
vehemently than was liis wont on the subject of the Scarlet
Woman, offering himself as a willing martyr and c onfessor, if
bv the shedding of his blood the great day of her filial over¬
threw might be advanced; yet always humble, not daring to
think of himself as anything but an instrument to do the will
of his Master, hi the end, liis death truly helped, with others,
to bring a Protestant King to the Throne of these isles. And
since we knew him to be so deep a scholar, always reading and
learning, and in no sense a mail of activity, the tiling which
lu presently did amazed us all. Vet we ought to have known
that one who is under the 1 living command to preach the Word
of God and hath been silenced by mail for more than twenty
years, so that the strength of his manhood hath run to waste
mid is lost—it is a most terrible and grievous thing for a man
to be condemned to idleness!—may become like unto one of
those burning mountains of which we sometimes read in books
of voyages. Ill him, as in them, tlic inner fires rage ancl burn,
growing ever stronger and fiercer, until presently they rend
asunder the sides of the mountain and burst forth, pouring
down liquid fire over tile unhappy valleys beneath, with showers
of red-hot ashes to destroy and cover up the smiling home¬
steads and tlic fertile meadows.
It is true that mv father chafed continually nt the inaction
forced upon him, but liis impatience was never so strong ns at
this time, namely, after tile accession of King .lames. It drove
him from liis books and out into the fields and lanes, where lie
walked to and fro, waving his long arms, and sometimes
crying aloud and shouting in the woods, as if compelled to cry
out ill order to quench some raging fever or heat, of liis mind.
About this time, too, I remember, they began to talk of the
exiles in Holland. The Duke of Monmouth was there with
the Earl of Argyll 1 , and with them a company of firebrands
eager to get back to England and tlieir property..
I am certain now that my fatln-v 'and perhaps through his
information, Sir Christopher also) was kept acquainted with
the plots and designs that were carried on in_ the Low
Countries. Nay; I am also certain that iiis informant was
none other than Humphrey, who was still in Leyden. 1 have
seen a letter from him, written, ns I now understand, in a kind
of allegory or parable, in which one tiling was said and
another meant. Thus, he pretends to speak of Dutch
gardening“The gardeners,” he says, "take infinite pains
that their secrets shall not be learned or disclosed. 1 know,
however, that a certain blue tulip much desired by many
card net's in England, will be taken across the water this
year, and 1 hope that by next year the precious bulb may be
fully planted in English soil' The preparation of the soil
•necessarv for tlic favourable rec eption of the bulb is well known
to you, and you will understand how to mix vonr soil and to acid
manure and so forth. I myself expect to finish ivliat I have
to clo in a few weeks, when I shall cross to London, and so
ride westwards, and hope to pay my respects to my revered
tutor in the month of Julie next. It may be that I shall come
with tile tulip, but that is not certain. .Many messages have
been rec eived offering large sums of money for the bulb, so that
it is hoped that the Dutch gardeners will let it go.
“FromH. C."
The tulip, in a word, was the Duke of Monmouth, and the
Dutch gardeners were the Seoteli and KngVr.li exiles then in
Holland, and tic English gardeners were tile Duke’s friends,
mid H. C. was Humphrey Chnllis.
I think that Sir Christopher must have known of this
correspondence, because I now remember that my father would
sit with him for many hours looking at a map of England,
conversing long ami earnestly, and making notes in a
book. These notes he made in the Arabic character, which no
one but himself could read. I therefore suppose that he was
estimating the number of Nonconformists wlio might be dis¬
posed to aid in such an enterprise ns Humphrey's “gardeners ”
were contemplating.
Robin, who certainly wins no conspirator, also wrote a letter
from Leyden about tills time saving that something was
expected, nobody knew what; but that the exiles were
meeting constantly, ns if something was brewing.
It was about the first week of June that the news came to
us of Lord Argvle's landing. This was the beginning. After
that, as you will hear, tlic news enme thick and fast; everyday
something fresh, ancl something to quicken the most sluggish
pulse. To me, fit least, it seemed as if the breath of God
Himself was poured out upon the country, and that the people
were evemvliere resolved to banish the accursed tiling from
tlieir midst. Alas '. I was hut a simple country maid and I was
dec eived.' The accursed thing was to be driven forth, but not yet.
Tile country party bated the l’ope, but, they dreaded civil war:
and indeed) there' is hardly any excuse for that most dreadful
scourge, except the salvation of the soul and the safeguarding
of liberties. They would gladly welcome a rising, but it must
be general and universal. They had for five-aud-twenty years
been tuuglit the wic kedness nf rebellion, and now there was no
way to secure the Protestant Faith except by rebellion.
Unhappily, the rebellion began before the country gentlemen
were randy to begin.
(To be continued.’)
MR. GLADSTONE’S GOLDEN WEDDING.
A reception was held by Earl and Countess Spencer at Spencer
House, St. James's, on July 2a. at which Mr. and Mrs.
Gladstone were, in honour of their golden-wedding year,
presented with their portrails, painted resjiectively by Mr.
Frank IIoll and Mr. Herkomcr. On entering tlie room Mr.
and Mrs. Gladstone, who were accompanied by Miss Gladstone,
were received with a hearty welcome.
Earl Granville, on the part of the donors of the portraits,
came forward and formally presented them, and also a set of
silver vases. He then read a congratulatory address, signed
by llfi subscribers, old colleagues or personal friends of Mr.
Gladstone, expressing a desire that Mr. Gladstone might
long be spared.
Mrs. Gladstone, in a few words, expressed her thanks for and
admiration of the beautifnl gifts which had been presented to
her with so many kindly expressions of regard.
Mr. Gladstone thanked the donors for their beautiful gifts.
It was difficult, lie said, for him to give any adequate idea of
the domestic happiness which he had enjoyed during the fifty
years of his married life. To this extent he concurred entirely
in the terms of the address. When it came to the allusions to
himself a difficulty arose, for he could not help but fee 1 that
many of the words used were of too flattering a character.
Referring to the long time during which he had been in public
life, he said that his conduct had often been criticised—some¬
times, perhaps, unjustly criticised—but he could not help feel¬
ing that, on tin 1 whole.' these criticisms had been more to Ills
benefit than the reverse. At all events, he could fairly say
that, in the whole of that. long retrospect, he could hardly
recall in his public life any incident that was in any way
painful to his recollection. He thanked them very warmly for
their kind presentation.
Daring the day Mr. Gladstone received addresses of con¬
gratulation from a number of political bodies. Mr. and Mrs.
Gladstone were married on July 2.1, 183‘J.
Princess Christian has sent a third present to the Bethnal-
green Free Library ; and has become patroness of the insti¬
tution.
The Leicestershire and Mid-England Agricultural Show was
opened at Leicester on July 21. The exhibition contained large
classes of voting hunters and cart-horses, and a fine collection
of dogs. Among the prize-takers were the Earl of Ellesmere,
the Duke of Portland, the Hon. E. Coke, Mr. Muntz, M.P., and
Lord Belper.
An important addition has been made to the Royal Navy
by the delivery from the contractors of the new first-class
battle-ship Sans Pareil, which has been built for the Royal
Navy by the Thames Ironworks Company. She will be at
once completed for sea. She is ordered to be equipped with
two 1 ln-ton. one 30-ton, and twelve (i-in. 1-ton breechloaders :
twenty-one quick-firing 3- and (i-pounders, eighteen Whitehead
torpedoes, and an equipment of machine-guns. The Sail Pareil
has a displacement of lit,470 tons, and is fitted with engines of
12,000-horse power. She and her sister-ship, the Victoria, are
the most powerful vessels ever built for the Royal Navy, with
the exception of the Nile and Trafalgar. The total cost of the
Sans Pareil, when fully equipped and ready for sea, is esti¬
mated at £814,000.
Tlic availability by the Brighton and South Coast Railway
of ordinary return tickets to and from the seaside, kc.. will lie
extended as usual over the August Bank Holiday,and this will
also include Hie special cheap Saturday to Monday tickets. On
Saturday a fourteen-day excursion to Paris, by tlic picturesque
route via Dieppe and Rouen, will he run from London by a
special day service, and also by the. ordinary night service.
■Special Saturday to Tuesday tickets will also be issued from
London to Brighton. Portsmouth, and the Isle of Wight: and
on Bank Holiday, Monday, Atig. ft, day excursions will he run
to Brighton, Worthing, Portsmouth, the Isle of Wight, Lewes,
Nowhaven, Eastbourne, Bexhill, St. Leonards, and Hastings.
For the Crystal Palace holiday entertainments extra trains
will be run to and from London, as required by the traffic. The
Brighton Company announce that their West-End offices—
28, Regent-circus, Piccadilly, and 8, Grand Hotel-buildings,
Trafalgar-square—will remain open until ten p.m. on the
evenings of Friday and Saturday, Aug. 3 and 4, for the sale of
the special cheap tickets and ordinary tickets to all parts of
the line, at the same fares as charged at London Bridge and
Victoria.
MR. LOWELL ON INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT.
A dinner in honour of the American men and women of letters
now in this country was given on Jnly 25 at the Criterion
Restaurant. The President of the Society of Authors. Professor
James Bryce. M.P., presided, and there was a very distinguished
literary company.
The toast of " The Qneen alid the President of the United
States ” having been proposed and duly honoured, after a reply
by Mr. Waller, the president proposed "Literature.” He said
this was the first time that American tit/erntrur* had been
entertained in this way. He hoped, however, it was only the
precursor of many similar gatherings at which literary people
from both sides of the Atlantic would meet together. There
had never been a time since 177(1 when there was so much
cordiality between the two countries ns at present, and he
trusted and believed that that cordiality would long exist.
The toast, which was received with much enthusiasm, was
coupled with the name of Mr. James Russell Lowell.
Mr. Lowell said he could not resist an occasion like this,
when the good feeling that existed between the two countries
was so strongly emphasised, and seemed so likely to deepen and to
increase. If he looked hack to anything in his life with satis¬
faction. it was that he had contributed to that good feeling.
He must confess that, having first appeared in print some fifty
years ago, he would hardly like to be answerable for his own
literature, much less for that of other people. Washington
Irving and Fenimorc Cooper were the first two American
authors who were known in Europe, and particularly in Eng¬
land. And it was noticeable that they were the only American
authors at that time who were capable of earning their bread
by their pens. Another singular thing was suggested to him
as he looked back. It was no longer with the UUeratrvr a case
of “ toil, envy, want, the patron, and the jail,” but where once
forty dined for one. nnwonedined for forty. Mr. Lowell protested
that the chairman had done him more than justice in attributing
to him so much influence in respect to international copyright.
All American authors had long been ill favour of it. on the
ground of simple justice to English writers. He thought,
however, a little injustice had been done to their side—the
American side of the question ; and he was not so sure that the
American publishers were so much more ivieked than their
English brethren would have been had they bad the chance.
He could not accept the proposition that there was anything
in the American form of government that produced n lower
form of morality than existed in other countries. He thought
it was the stupidity of onr ancestors in making a difference
between literary and other property that had been the canse of
all the difficulty. Books had always been looked upon as fmr
natunr. His friend and neighbour, Longfellow, once asked
him to come and eat a game-pie with him. That game-pie
was the only honorarium that he had ever received from
this country for reprinting his works. He could not
help feeling that there was something monumentally interest-
ing in a meeting like this—the first time that English and
American authors had come together in anything like numbers
to fraternise, and. if he might he allowed to say so, to xornnur.
He sympathised with the remarks of the chairman in regard
to the greater love of his countrymen for the old country, and
contrasted the state of things existing now with those in the
days of De Tocquevilic, sixty years ago.
The other toasts were "The Incorporated Society of
Authors”; "American Men and Women of Letters”; "His¬
torians and the Chairman."
Signor G. Focnrdi, the sculptor of “ Yon Dirty Boy," has
executed a bust of Mr. John R. Whitley, the Director-General of
the Italian Exhibition. It is a speaking likeness and is now-
on view in the vestibule of the main building, having been
cast in plaster-of-Paris. Signor Focardi's other pieces on view-
in the Italian Exhibition include " Happy Age,” " You Raga¬
muffins ! ” " Daddy's Clothes,” “ Sweet Rest," and “ Allegro."
There arc more than Silt) pieces of sculpture in the Exhibition,
The Academical Board of Trinity College. London, has-
awarded the following exhibitions and prizes, which have been
competed for The Benedict Pianoforte Exhibition to Maud
Carter ; the Sims Reeves' Vocal Exhibition to Florence Yerey ;
the College Organ Exhibition to James Shaw-Fonl; the
College Violin Exhibition to Herbert Gnom : the Gabriel prize
to William Packhaiu. A. Mas.: and the National Practical prize
to Mary Boothrnyd (Bedford centre).
Many large landowners, including the Duke of Northumber¬
land. Sir T. Grove, Bart. Mr. G. 1*. Fuller, M.P., and Mr. Poyd
Kiimear. 51.1’.. have saved tlieir hay again this season by the
use of hay-dr jot*. As the loss to the country from a ivet
hay harvest ranges from six to twenty millions. Mr. Gibbs, of
Giilwcll Park. ( hingford, states that in order to help in
averting such losses in future, lie will arrange to have for next
season these machines supplied on the three years' purchase
system, so as to (dace them within roach of tenant-farmers
and of tile men who loan steam-engines. It lias been publicly
stated by those who possess these machines that tlieir first
cost is recouped in from one to three seasons, lienee with such
an arrangement, they will have repaid the investment before the
last payment falls due. It appears that when grass is once
partly made it is unfit for conversion into ensilage, hence
there seems need for some other resonree in wet harvests.
A correspondent (U. F.) writes from Douglas. Isle of 5Ian.
as follows :—At a time when public feeling is once more
awakened to the great historic event which saved England
from one of the most terrible efforts ever made to crush her,
the following item may prove interesting. On July 25, while
one of the trawlers belonging to Mr. J. Coole, of Douglas.
Isle of Jinn, was coasting the southern part of the island
known as the Calf, the fishermen secured, at the almost total
sacrifice of one of their largest deep-sea nets, an old anchor,
which unquestionably belonged to one of the ships of the
unfortunate Armada. There is strong evidence that one ot
the vessels foundered here. Many traces of the wrecks of two
great vessels of the Armada have been found close to this -
whence the name Spanish Head which is given to the adjoin¬
ing headland to this day. The anchor now lies at the Tongue,
ill Douglas Harbour, mid is an object, of considerable curiosity
to the visitors crowding llie island at this time.
The Board of Trade have awarded a piece of plate to
Captain 11. M. Hayward, master : a gold shipwreck medal to
51 r. Frank William Hart, first officer ; and a silver shipwreck
medal and a sum of £2 each to Johan Barpark. Harry Eiving,
William Allen, and Thomas Driscoll, seamen, of the American
steam-ship Mariposa, of San Francisco, in recognition of tlieir
services in rescuing the crew and passengers of the barque
Henry James, of Glasgow, which was wrecked off Palmyra
Island, an uninhabited islet in the South Pacific, on April 16
last. The Slariposa was off Tulnlia, Samoa, bound for San
Francisco with mails and passengers, when news arrived there
of the wreck of the Henry James. Captain Hayward, without
any hesitation, proceeded to the assistance of the castaways,
taking upon himself the risk of a heavy fine in the event of
breach of contract, and successfully effected the rescue in one
of their boats and one of the Mariposa's, manned by the first
officer and the seamen above named
AUG. 4, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
135
NOVELS.
Tin■ Myxti ry of Mirhridgr. By James Pnyn. Three vols.
(Chatto and Windns).—A long series of novels by Mr. Payn
attests his faculty, which is again shown in this story, of
conceiving an original plot, and his graspof adramnticsituation.
The exercise of these talents cannot fail to produce an in¬
teresting work of fiction; but little sympathy is excited by
the chief characters in this rather uncomfortable story of
elaborate dissimulation and selfish domestic intrigue. Lady
Trevor, wh i comes back, after nearly twenty-five years' absence,
with her invalid husband and two sons, pretending to be a
stranger and a Frenchwoman, in the neighbourhood from
which she had disappeared as Letty Bccton, the disgraced
daughter of a rustic, and mother of an illegitimate child, is
the most important person in the story. Who and what she
is, the reader is allowed to know almost from the time of her
arrival. The tenderness ami fidelity of the mutual affection
between her and poor Sir Richard, who had married herns
soon as he could, and bad lived with her quietly in France,
might seem amply to make amends for the indiscretion or sin
of their youth. As neither of them ever cared for the dull
society of English county gentry, which is here depicted in a
very unflattering light, Sir Richard and Lady Trevor had no
obvious reason for exposing themselves to the danger of her
identification with the erring girl who was believed to
have died. The only motive that could have induced her to
cater on such a miserable course of deception is the design she
entertained of getting her favourite elder son, Hugh, instead
of Charles, her second son, born in lawful wedlock, to be
acknowledged as the lawful heir to the baronetcy and the
Mivbridge estates. A lady of imperfect education might,
perhaps, be ignorant, but the knowing novelist, a man of the
world, must surely be aware that Hugh could hardly, in any
case, enter into possession of a large entailed property and an
hereditary title, at his father's death, without producing the
certificates of his own birth and of his parents' marriage
previous to his birth. The disregard of this legal condition is
a signal flaw in Mr. Payn's delineation of the central position
in the story. Nobody thinks of tampering with registers or
forging certificates, and Lady Trevor's conduct, though unjust
and fraudulent, is not absolutely criminal; but such deceit
would evidently be futile. Passing over this manifest defect
in the plot, we are much interested in her ladyship's severe
ordeal of bitter reminiscences, her feelings of shame and con¬
tinual fear of discovery, the difficulty of maintaining' false
appearances, in the household and in the village, among her
old neighbours, and of eluding the curiosity of
other Imlies, such as Mrs. Westrop and Lady
Jodreli. who have long memories and a keen
appetite for scandal. These scenes of her /SEBte-
victorious conflict with embarrassing social MKHk
acquaintance, and that of a bold encounter W Bj wKK i
with Morris, the dishonest land-steward, who SsmmhX
suspects her and threatens to expose her. arc liKflLxIrp!*
highly dramatic; while the struggles and suf- 'fijlBragffi
ferings of a clever woman in that situation, SBHeSEbU
who is really not very wicked, demand nnr lajffjSjjgg
compassion, if not deserving of admiration for
the fortitude with which they are borne. Her
principal antagonist, however, Miss Clara
I home, the beautiful, cold-hearted, selfish, am-
htt-.ous daughter of the Rector of Mirhridge.
i> a thoroughly detestable character, incapable
ot the softer passions, austerely dignified in her
behaviour, despising love and contemning the
male sex as fools, cowards, and liars for tin;
most part, yet willing to sell herself in
marriage for worldly rank and fortune. Hugh
Trevor, the supposed heir to such advantages,
is soon fascinated by her charms, and the oppo- iyjrryjMBH
sition raised hy his mother to this unequal
match brings almut a fierce contention between §
the strong wills of the two unscrupulous
women, hastening the crisis of the story. gfaaatefets
There is some ingenuity in the device of
enabling Clara to identify Lady Trevor w*ith ft-
Letty Beoton through the corresponding date in
the parish register of births and the inscription
on a locket recording her Ladyship's birthday.
Having thus gained possession of half Lady Trevor's secret,
lint still not knowing that her elder son is illegitimate,
Clara proceeds relentlessly, by a menace of its disclosure,
to vanquish the mother's repugnance to Hugh's marrying
herself: the illness of Sir Richard, who is slowly dying.
They wish to go and dwell where they wonld never sec any
newspapers so long as they live, lint the Itmrhemtor does
not stand for all journalism in America, France, or in
England : and Flacks are not everywhere to be met with.
There is, however, nothing unlikely in the incidents of this
amusing story.
A Cloud on St. Angelo. By Cyril Bennett. Two vds.
(T. Fisher Unwin).—The author of “ The Massage Case,"
which was forcible, but harsh and crude, pleases us very much
better with this more genial story. Its heroine, in a moderate
degree, is Helen Rivelte, who was residing with her parents
on tile shores of Naples, when she saw. during an eruption of
Vesuvius, a fateful cloud over the neighbouring mountain of
St. Angelo ; her father died by an accident in the same hour.
She comes to Engiaud. is engaged as teacher of foreign
languages in a girls’ high school, and is soon afterwards
engaged, in a different sense, to .Mr. Evelyn Pierson, heir io a
baronetcy and a large estate, with a mansion called Brack-
moor Abbey, haunted by the ghost of an uneasy old Abbot.
There is another fine estate, Wyckhams. owned by Mr. Alfred
Temple, a gentleman in feeble health, addicted to opium,
which presently kills him. when the property goes
apparently to Dr. Willoughby, an elderly student living
with bis daughter, Madie, on the Welsh seacoast. Modie,
a delightful merry girl of robust and active habits, and
of free - hearted, playfnl disposition, loves Mr. Howard
Daly, the manager of Mr. Temple's estate and his cousin.
Mrs. Rivcttc, being a near relation of Dr. Willoughby and of
Alfred Temple, gets a bequest of .£10,000 at the death of the
latter ; but a written statement left by him reveals the shock¬
ing fact that his wife, Adelaide Temple, was guilty of putting
an end to the existence of his elder brother, Ernest, some years
before this time, by tampering with his medicine during a
long illness. Mrs. Temple, indeed, is no longer living; and
the disclosure of her crime has no other serious effect than to
clear Dr. Willoughby's mind of dark suspicions that he had
entertained with regard to Alfred Temple. He is, however,
with an amnsing bluntness and rudeness of manner, the most
unworldly and generous of men ; he dislikes getting wealth,
and feels it a great relief to find a codicil, or a second will,
making Daly the heir to Wyckhams, instead of himself.
Meantime, his daughter, Madie, having gone to stay with
Helen at Ivilsham, is seen by Evelyn Pierson, who weakly and
dishonourably transfers his affections to her. But Madie is
true to Daly, and true to her friend Helen, who is broken¬
hearted at the inconstancy of her lover. The two girls
are upset in a boat on the river, and Helen is drowned,
KAVKNSCOrRT PARK, HAMMERSMITH.
Hy the energy and public spirit of the inhabitants of Hammer¬
smith. one of the most beautiful inclosed parks in the neigh¬
bourhood of London has been rescued from the s|»ectilative
builder, and secured in perpetuity to the public as a place of
recreation and enjoyment. Such places, once numerous, arc
every year becoming rarer, amidst the ever-advancing ranks of
new houses. But the people have here obtained a park ready
made, containing magnificent trees and open verdant spaces.
Ravpnsconrt Park, having an area of about thirty-two acres, is
sitn te 1 at the western end of Hammersmith, at a short distance
from Turnham-green and Chiswick, whose inhabitants will now
equally enjoy its sylvan beauties. The house, which is destined to
be the home of the new Public Library recently voted by the
borough, occupies the site of what was formerly the residence
of the celebrated Alice Perrers, of the Court of Edward III.
It is a plain brick building, erected about the middle of the
last century, in the style of the French architect Mansnrt.
The property has been acquired at a cost of £5S,000, half con¬
tributed hy the borough of Hammersmith, half by the Metro¬
politan Board of Works. It was opened, without any ceremony,
for the enjoyment of the public, and on the last Bank Holiday
was thronged by thousands of visitors.
RAVEXSCOURT PARK, HAMMERSMITH.
leaving the memory of a noble character atid of a pathetic
end.
In Hot Ihixtt'. By Mary E. Hullah. Two vols. (Bentley).—
Germany and England, with people of both nations, alternately
nresent the scenes and figures of this novel, which has much
DISTRIBUTION OF PRIZES AT THE ROYAL ACADEMY
OF MUSIC.
Lord Coleridge distributed the awards to the successful
students of the Royal Academy of Music at St. James’s llall
on July 2r>. The Charles Lucas medal, from a design by T.
Woolner, II.A., in memory of Charles Lucas, for the com¬
position of an air and variations for string quartet, was
awarded to Dora Bright. The Pnrepa Rosa gold medal, for
the singing of pieces selected by the committee, was awarded
to Kate Norman. The Sterndale Bennett prize, for the p’ny-
ing of a pianoforte composition by Sir W. S. Bennett selected
by the committee, was awarded to Edith L. Young. The
Llewellyn-Thomas gold medal, for declamatory English sing¬
ing, exemplified in pieces chosen by the committee, was
awarded to Kate Norman. A number of other medals nud
certificates were also distributed.
Previous to the distribution, Schubert’s setting of the 23id
Psalm was beautifully sung by certain of the female students ;
and Dr. A. C. Mackenzie (the principal) made an address
pointing out to the prize-winners and others the necessity of
earnest and continned study for the furtherance of the art
rather than for the object of winning medals and rewards.
Lord Coleridge observed that if he had had
the slightest idea of the audience ho was to
Lour ^ meet and the ceremony he was to take port in.
he would have been tempted to decline the
honour which was offered to him. and he
jnifeaffiHgHL would, if possible, now take refuge in a well-
known formula, and desire that his speech
JjnJBKBB might be taken as read. Before enterirg the
hall, he had lieen reminded of what he had
|Es£HffH£j entirely forgotten—that sixteen years ago, on
the same sjiot where he was ihen standing,
he had had to make a short speech on n
most interesting occasion, when a testimoni; 1
was presented to the great English master of
those days, .Sir William Sterndale Rennet*.
That was a name which no Englishman, whether
he knew much about music or not, could hear
i without a glow of gratitude and pride, hccr.us *,
although the last sixteen years had undoubtedly
made a difference in that respect, yet sixteen
" l|T| j[ years ago he was aide to say that Sir William
Sterndale Bennett had almo-t ibis unique
BbBB distinction—that, although we had had great
'.rlf-' > niu-n'ians. men in whose works Englhd.mon
took great delight, yet no one since the days of
Purcell to those of Sterndale Bennett lir.d
crosac d the seas and had acquired not only an
English, but a European reputation. He was
happy to think that that stnten.ent could not
now’ be made with truth; but it was a
comfort to think that in the sixteen years
that had elapsed, which had turned the
middle-aged advocate into an olcl Judge,
ono thing at least remained the samc—lelight in mnnic,
and honour to the great masters of it. He urged those student s
who had not succeeded in obtaining awards not to be dis¬
couraged. They could not all succeed. He hoped at the same
time that they all rejoiced in the success of their friends.
leaves the matter in Lady Trevor’s hands. The wedding
takes place, but Hugh, a surly vicious brute, makes Clara
d -sperately wretched during the honeymoon : and she presently
disjovers the other half of the secret—that her odious husband
is base-born, and has no right to the Mirbridge estate. Sir
Richard, however, dies without making any valid sign or
testimony of the true state of affairs. Hereupon, the reader
is asked to believe that Clara and her mother-in-law, now
acting in co-operation with each other, manage to keep pos¬
session of 4 the property, sending its nominal inheritor, now
entitled Sir Hugh Trevor, Bart., out of the way, and to bestow
a large portion of its revenue on Charles Trevor, his amiable
brother, who takes Clara's sweet sister, Lacy, for his w’ife
When Hugh has died of drinking brandy, the baronetcy and
the broad acres of Mirbridge at length come into the undis¬
puted possession of his brother. Charles, who has never had
an inkling of the secret in which his father and mother and
himself were so deeply concerned. It is only the tw r o ladies
who survive in conscious private knowlcdgeof *• the Mirbridge
mystery” ; but Mr. Payn's readers, as they participate in its
public exposition, will know as much about it as they can
desire.
Thr Hrrrrhrrntnr. By Henry Janie-. Two vols. (Macmillan
and Co.).—The experiences of an American family party
travelling on the European Continent have often been portrayed
by this agreeable novelist. Characters and manners, rather
than stirring adventures, make the writings of Mr. Henry
James worth reading ; and this tale is a good example, though
iis plot is very slight. Mr. Dosson. an old gentleman from
Boston, quiet, and simple in his habits, is staying in Paris with
his two daughters, Miss Delia and Miss Francie. They have
plenty of money, and know little of the world. A young
American connected with the newspaper press, named
George Flack, makes their acquaintance and gets into
their confidence, with an eye to the hand of Froncie,
who is a sweet, engaging girl. He is the Paris corre¬
spondent of the lirrrrbcrator , an American “society journal,”
dealing much in personal gossip. A worthier suiter
Ki# ,nnocent yonng lady’s affections is Gaston Proberfc,
half French, half Carolinian, an amateur artist, a gentleman,
a man of honour. Flack is a snob, an ndventnror, a sneak ;
nt abuses their favour by prying into the domestic affairs of
persons m society with whom thev are intimate, and by
employing them as material for his pnblisbed letters of
scandal. There is an outburst of just and proper indignation,
anu Hack is dismissed, while Frauciu is engaged to Gaston.
interest of emotion and action. Sabine von Vogelheim, an
orphan, the granddaughter of a Baron with small property at
Rothenfels. in Nassau, being left poor, and having had an
English mother, takes a situation as German governess in our
own country. She has a cousin, Georg von Vogelheim, an
officer serving with the German Army in France, a man of
wild and extravagant courses and of ungovernable temper.
Declining to become his wife, she marries, somewhat hastily,
Kurt von Weide, of Berlin, who had followed her to England,
and who has a solid position and character. On their return
to Germany, they meet Georg von Vogelheim. and the two men
quarrel; Sabine is led to believe that Kurt has treated her cousin
with harshness and unfairness. The married couplearepainfully
estranged from each other by the indiscretion of interfering
friends. Georg, ruined by gambling and borrowing money, loses
his inheritance and bis rank in the army ; he then forges Kurt’s
name to a bill on which he obtains a loan ; the fraud is
detected, and he flies from the police, Sabine aiding his escape
out of a garret-wimlow of Rothenfels Castle. He is in hiding
in the woods; Kurt, who had been absent, comes home and
learns what his wife has done. There is a scene in which the
desperate outlaw encounters Kurt, who has gone out to save
him. accompanied by Sabine. Maddened with anger, regard¬
ing Kurt as the author ot his misfortunes. Georg fires a pistol
at him. and Sabine is wounded. She happily recovers, and
the husband and wife are reconciled, while Kurt generously
pays the debts of her cousin. A wicked old usurer, Jacob
Liiieuthal. who had tempted Georg to commit the forgery, is
punished by falling into a well.
The council of the Society of Accountants and Auditors
have unanimously re-elected Mr. Reginald E. Ernson president,
and Mr. Jacob Karnsliaw vice-president, for the ensuing year.
By permission of the Benchers, the gardens of Lincoln's
Inn are open every evening from t>.30 until eight o’clock, and
will continnc so up to Sept. 21, after which they will be open
from five o’clock nntil dusk during the Long Vacation. The
privilege thus granted is intended for the benefit of the poor
children inhabiting the densely-populated neighbourhoods.
The Duke of Sutherland has opened a public park at
Longton. North Staffordshire, for which he had given forty
acres of land, and which has since been laid out. at a cost of
£.*>ono, by public subscriptions headed by Mr. J. Aynslcy, the
Mayor, who gave £2000. The park, which is named the Queen’s
Turk, is in commemoration of the Jubilee.
There was very often, in every profession—certainly in the
profession he knew most of—a hand-to-hand and personal
conflict, which made it extremely difficult to maintain perfect
good-fellowship, perfect absence of jealous}’, perfect true good-
feding one with the other : but which, nevertheless, he main¬
tained. was the highest triumph, he was going to say of
religious, hut, at all events, of moral training ; and it was one
of the objects which every man engaged in a profession which
implied competition should set before himself steadily to
pursue. The advantage of those who cultivated their pro¬
fession in harmony could hardly be overestimated.
The Scriveners’ Company have promised £100 to the
Endowment Fund of the Polytechnic in Regent-street.
The Earl of Shrewsbury has intimated to his Cheshire
tenantry bis intention of returning them 10 per cent on
their rentals.
The production of the pastoral play, “ Le Baiser.” by Lady
Archibald Campbell and her friends, at Cannizaro Wood,
Wimbledon, lias been postponed to Tuesday, Aug. 7, owing to
the inclement weather.
Mr. H. Cozens Hardy. Q.C.. M.P., distributed on July 27 tlio
prizes gained by the students at the University College*School,
Gower-strcet. Professor Erichsen, principal of the college,
presided, and was supported by several members of the
council.
A memorial tablet bearing a medallion of the late Mr.
Forster was unveiled in Westminster Abbey on July 27, in the
presence of many friends of the deceased statesman. At a
meeting held in the Jerusalem Chamber tributes to Mr.
Forster's high character were paid by the Dean of West¬
minster and Lord Knutsford.
The fifty-sixth annual report of the Commissioners ot
Public Works in Ireland has been issued. During the past
year the Commissioners made 1321 loans for public works,
amounting to £S2D,7<>fi, showing a diminution in number of
thirty-seven, with an increase in the money allocation ot
£2Ufi.3'’fi, which is entirely due to increased operations under
the Libourers’ Acts; 444 loans for an aggregate sura of
£3fi.57f> were made to tenants to pnrehase their holdings,
against 73i» loans for CUO.'.f.V) in the previous year, the falling
off being due partly to the unsettled state of the land question,
and more searching inquiry imo the security offered by tho
tenant. The amounts sanctioned under the Labourers' Ac's
have been on a much larger scale than in any former year.
OUR FUTURE BLUEJACKETS: A SCENE 0
from a
< ' V
* * '
1 1lL1> H U .\DON NEWS, Abo. 4, 1888.-137
jfESi 3 '" 10 THE TRAINING-SHIP MERCURY, AT RYDE.
i: 8lf WW8 WAtK.
13S
T1IE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (data! Nov. 18811). with two codicils (dated Oct. 8.
ls-iT.aud March 22, 1888), of ,'fr. Joseph Allen Piggot. late of
Bedford, who died on May 3D last, was proved at the North¬
ampton District Registry on June 2« by Mrs. Mary Jane
llonlton Piggot, the widow, and Horatio Piggot. the brother,
the executors, the value of the personal estate in the United
Kingdom amounting to over £110.000. The testator gives
£-2000 and all his household furniture, pictures, plate, books,
and effects to his wife : his residence and the dividends and
interest of cjo.oon railway debenture stock to her, for life :
and legacies to his nephews and nieces, and to his executors.
As to the residue of his real and personal estate he leaves one
fourth to his said brother Horatio : one fourth, upon trust, for
Jane, the wife of his brother John Sampson Piggot. for life,
and then for Emily, the only daughter of his said brother : one
fourth, upon trust, for Sarah, the wife of his brother James
Algernon Piggot. for life, and then for all the children of his
said brother : and one fourth, upon trust, for the children of
his brother Adolphus.
The will (dated April 2fi, 1888) of Miss Georgiana Johanna
Austin, late of No. 77, Oxford-terrace, Hyde Park, who died on
June 2 last, was proved on July 20 by the Hon. Henry Arnold
Lawrence, the Hon. Charles Napier Lawrence, and Hugh
McPherson Gumming, the executors, tho value of the personal
estate amounting to over £112,000. The testatrix bequeaths
£1000 each to the Bishop of London's Fund, the National
Refuge for Homeless and Destitute Children, and St. Alphege
Mission (Southwark): £<100 for promoting the objects of the
Church Extension Mission (Kilbnrn Park-road) : £300 each
to the Cancer Hospital (Brompton), the Society for the Pro¬
pagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, and the Hospital for
Consumption (Brompton); £2.70 to the Hospital for Sick
Children (Great Ormond-street) ; £200 to the Society for the
Relief of Destitution in the Metropolis : £1.70 to St. Mary's
Hospital (Paddington) ; £12.'> to the Royal National Sea-
Bathing Infirmary (Margate) ; £«0 to the Bible and Domestic
Mission ; £.7000 to the said Hon. Henry Arnold Lawrence; her
plate and plated articles to Constance Charlotte Lawrence and
Gwendoline Anne Bryans; her furniture, pictures, books,
household effects, and wines to Mrs. Elizabeth Pauline Davies;
and other bequests. As to the residue of her real and personal
estate, she leaves one third, upon trust, for George Herbert
Davies; one third, upon trust, for the said Constance Charlotte
Lawrence ; and one third, upon trust, for the said Gwendoline
Anne Bryans.
The Irish Probate, granted at Dublin, of the will (dated
April 7, 188.7) of the Hon. Bowes Daly, late of Killough Castle,
Tipperary, who died on May 20 last, to the Hon. Skeffington
Daly and the Hon. Robert Daly, the brothers, the executors,
was rescaled in London on July 10, the value of the personal
estate in England and Ireland amounting to upwards of
£ 00 .( 100 . The testator leaves Killough Castle and the estate
adjoining, with all the fnrniture, plate, pictures, books, effects,
live and dead stock, and implements, to his nephew. James
Frederick Daly : £5000 each to his nieces. Florence Daly and
Elinor Daly ; £2.70 each to the Irish Society and the Church
Education Society for Ireland ; and £200 each to the City of
Dublin Hospital (Upper Baggot-street). St. Mark's Ophthalmic
Hospital (Lineoln'8-place, Dublin), the Convalescent Home
(Stillorgan. Dublin), and the Hospital for Incurables (Donny-
hrook-road, Dublin). The residue of his property he gives to
his said two brothers, Skeffington and Robert.
The will (dated Feb. 22, 1887), with a codicil (doted
March 1, 1888) of Mr. Julius Levis. late of No. 21, Mincing-
lane, and of No. fi. Lower Berkeley-street. Portman-square,
who died on June 2.7 last, at St. Leonnrds-on-Sea, was proved
on July 11 by Carl Meyer. Albert Kahn, and Ernest Joseph
Cassel. tho executors, the value of the personal estate amount¬
ing to upwards of £72.0(81. The testator bequeaths £ 1000 to
his daughter Cecile Minna: and £ 2 <ki to his daughter who
shall have charge of his household at the time of his death.
The residue of his real and personal estate lie leaves, upon
trust, for all his children in espial shares.
’ihe will (dated May 1, 188(1), with a codicil (dated
June 2!). 1887), of General Frederick Dailey George, C.B.,
Colonel of the Cheshire Regiment, late of No. (17. Brunswick-
place. Hove, Sussex, who died on June 2 last, was proved on
July 21 by Mrs. Mary Ann George, the widow, John Fox
George, the nephew. Frederick Willis Farrer, and William
Joseph Jarrett, the executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £ii8,i«H). The testator bequeaths
£ 10 ( 111 . the balances at his bankers and army agents, all his
furniture and effects (except certain plate and books of which
she is to have the use only for life), and an annuity of £<>00
to his wife, in addition to what is secured to her by their
marriage settlement; an annuity of £200 to his said nephew,
John Fox George ; and legacies to servants and others. The
residue of his property he leaves, upon trust, for the four
children of his late nephew, Thomas Barry George.
The will (dated May 4, 1883) of Mr. Frederick Duke, late
o( The Woodleighs, Warningeamp, near Arundel, Sussex, who
died on June 18 last. waB proved on July 18 by Richard
Holmes, Richard Holmes, jun., and George Cosens, the
executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to over
£(i(i,niMi. The testator gives his freehold house and lands at
Warningeamp, with the furniture, plate, pictnres, effects,
carriages, live and dead stock, and £.7000, to his wife. Mrs.
Ruth Duke: and £.70 to each of his executors. The residue
of his real and personal estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay
£ looo per annum to his wife, for life, and subject thereto for
his three (laughters, Laura Graburn, Annie Duke, and Marion
Cosens, in equal shares.
The will and four codicils of Mr. Frederick Champion
Robinson. late of No. 2.7. Mark-lane, who died on May 30 last,
at No. 30, Wyndlmm-street, Bryanston-sqnare. were proved, on
July 11, by Henry Mnplcton Chapman, and EdwardThirkettle,
the executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to
upwards of £2!), 000 . The testator bequeaths £.7000 to the London
Hospital (Whitechapel) ; £20011 each to tho Commercial Tra¬
vellers' School (Dinner), the Commercial Travellers' Benevolent
Institution, St. Thomas's Hospital (Lambeth), and the Bishop
of London's Fund ; £1.700 each to the Convalescent Hospital
(Walton-on-Thames). and the Hospital for Women (Soho-
square): £looo each to the Boys’ Ilefuge (Commercial-road,
Whitechapel), St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and Guy's Hospital
(Southwark); £.700 each to tho Little Boys' Home (Farning-
liam) and the Children's Hospital (Paddington) ; £5o<) to
Christ's Hospital, to fonnd a scholarship to be called the Rokeby
Bequest, in grateful remembrance of the benefits conferred
on his father. George Robinson, and his uncle, Joseph Robin¬
son, who were both scholars at the Blue-Coat School : he also
bequeaths to Christ's Hospital a further sum of £.70, and
fifteen memorial addresses of the old Patriotic Fund, written
by his father, who was a scholar from 17011 to 1802 . and the
prizes won by his father at the said school, and he wishes
them to be exhibited together in some room of the said Hospital
as specimens of high-class penmanship.
The will (dated March 8. 1888) of Mr. Leone Levi, of No. 5,
Crown Office-row, Temple, barrister-at-law, and of No. 31,
Highbury-grove, who died on May 7 last was proved on Jttly 17
by Adam Young. John Neill l oyd, and James R'tphm M B
the executors, the value of the D=rso>nl estate inthe Lmted
Kingdom amounting to upwards of £10.000. The testator
directs that the gold medal presented to bun by the
Emperor of Austria, the gold meda presented to him(by
the* late King of Prussia, the gold, silver, and bronze
medals presented to him by the late Emperor of the
French, the insignia, of the order of Cavaltere of the
Crown of Ifalv and St. Mauritius and Lnzzarus his book
entitled ‘ Honours. Diplomas. &c.,“ and three volumes pre-
sented to him by her Majesty Queen \ ictoria. with her auto¬
graph, be delivered to the Italian Ambassador in London, to
be transmitted to the Sindaco of Ancona, he undertaking, on
behalf of the Municipality, to preserve them and keep them on
view in the Library founded by him in Ancona for promoting
technical education. He leaves his household furniture and
effects to his wife ; and the residue of his property, upon
trust, for her, for life ; then, as to one half, for her nephews
nod nieces and the other half for his nephews and nieces.
OUR FUTURE BLUEJACKETS.
The British Navy, in all branches of its administration.design¬
ing and constructing ships of different classes, equipment,
repairs, and armament, is the topic most anxiously discussed
jnst now by persons competent to understand those details;
and we believe that no subject more urgently demands public
attention. Lord Brassey's volume of “The Naval Annual,
published this year, has'been noticed by us as an invaluable
repertory of authentic information on all such matters to the
date of official reports for 1887, and wo expect again to have
to refer to it shortly for particulars of much practical import¬
ance. The manning of the Royal Navy, for which 44.8;>0
officers, seamen, and hoys are required—not including the
Marines, the Royal Naval Reserve, the Marine Pensioners, and
the Naval Artillery Volunteers — is discussed in a chapter
of Lord Brassey's work. It appears that ours is the only
Navy in which the ships are manned with a body of
men all of whom hove been specially trained to the
service from boyhood, and it costs £300 to train the
boy entered for the fleet into the finished seaman. The
system of instrnction for boys in the stationary training-ships,
of which there are many at various ports, “has been brought
to ideal perfection : ” and the sea-going squadron of training-
ships, in two or three cruises made by each ship every year,
continues this instruction ; but much injury is too often done
to the morals and discipline of young seamen by keeping them
in “receiving-ships.” in the home ports, exposed to the bad
influences of the shore. For the supply of good material of
youthful manhood, such an institution as the training-
ship Mercury, which is maintained at Rydc by the
voluntary efforts of a philanthropic and patriotic associ¬
ation of subscribers, seems to be of real service. There
are now about eighty boys on board. A large number have
already been entered into the Royal Navy, and others are
ready to join either the Navy or tho Mercantile Marine. M e
have’ no doubt that the scheme is susceptible of development,
and we hope it will be liberally supported. Our large En¬
graving, from a sketch taken by our Artist, Mr. Louis Wain,
on board the Mercury, represents tlic exercise of working at
the capstan connected with the anchor. It may be noticed by
persons acquainted with seamanship that the boys nearest
the ca; stall are pushing with their hands only, this is
because they are not able to stoop to it without risk
of being thrown on deck, and for these boys it wonld
be too dangerous to attempt it when the anchor is away.
As shown in this drawing, the boys are running round, and
two boys are hauling in the slack cable; the anchor is
away, and in thnt case two hoys alone could send the capstan
going, so that there is no need for any of the hoys to push
with the chest. Only those boys on the ontcr circle, therefore,
get into the proper position. In going over the hatchway and
cable, some of the boys swing over on the bars when they arc
not looked after. These circumstances will be considered in
reference to onr Illustration of the scene.
Lord Wolscle.v has unveiled the memorial to the late Major
General Sir Herliert Stewart, K.O.B., in St. Paul s.
Mr. Edward Benn. barrister, has been appointed Lecturer
iu Conveyancing to the Liverpool Board of Legal Studies, in
succession to Mr. T. Cyprian Williams.
Mr. A. J. Balfour. Chief Secretary for Ireland, and Sir
Frederick Leighton, President of the Royal Academy, have
been presented with the freedom of the Grocers' Company.
At a merting of the Royal Botanic Society, held on
July 28, Mr. J. P. Gassiot in the chair, Mr. H. E. Hunt was
elected a Fellow. The chairman announced that the anni¬
versary meeting would take place on Friday. Aug. 10.
The annual exhibition of works of art, for which medals
and prizes have been awarded at the National Competition ill
connection with the Science and Art Department, are open to
the public at the South Kensington Museum.
Lieutenant-General Newdigatc has lieen appointed Governor
and Commander-in-Chief of Bermuda, in succession to
Lieutenant-General GalhvAy and in place of Lieutenant-
General Sir Gerald Graham, who has been permitted to de¬
cline the post.
The Archbishop of Canterbury has announced his wish to
subscribe £lnii towards the South London Polytechnic Insti¬
tutes, his subscription to be appropriated to the “Vic,” which
is part of tho general scheme. Messrs. Wigans and Cosier
have also promised £iioo towards the general fund.
A memorial-window to the late Sir Robert Pbillimore. late
Dean of Arches, lias been placed in Shiplake Church. Rerksliire,
depicting Moses the Lawgiver and Solomon the just judge.
Mr. and .Mrs. Gladstone, Sir W. and Lady Phillimore. and tho
Dowager Lady Phillimore were present at the nnveiling.
Chief-Inspector Walker has retired from the police, after a
service of fifty-one years. Ho was attached to her Majesty’s
household for fifteen years, and on the marriage of the Prince
of Wales was appointed to Marlborough House, and has con¬
tinued in that office up to the present time.
Mr. E. Brodie Iloare, ALP., presided at the annual meeting,
on July 2.7, of the Sailors' Orphan Girls' School and Home at
Hampstead ; and Mrs. Brodie Hoare distributed the prizes and
rewards to the pupils and to former scholars now in service.
The home has now eighty-two inmates, orphans of merchant
sramen. fishermen, and Itoyal Navy men ; and more could be
received if funds permitted.
A general court of the governors of the Orphan Working
School was held on July 2.7, at the Cannon-street Hotel, under
the presidency of Air. W. S. Gard (chairman of the election
committee), when ten girls and twenty-two boys were elected
to the benefits of the senior school, and three' girls and five
boys to the junior school. This institution, which is under the
patronage of the Queen, lias now in the school at Havcrstock-
iiill 31fi boys and 1.72 girls; and at the Alexandra Orphanage
there are 108 boys and .74 girls ; bringing the total number of
children supported by the charity up to <>30.
MUSIC.
The musical activity of London will be well maintained by the
series of Promenade Concerts at Covent-Garden Theatre, which
will begi i on Saturday, Aug. 11 : again under the lesseeshipof
Air. W. Freeman Thomas, and with Mr. Gwyllym Crowe as
conductor. The opening night has been postponed for a week
in consequence of the prolongation of Air. Augustus Harris's
season at the Royal Italian Opera, which (as already recorded)
was continned until July 21—a fortnight beyond the original
intention—in consequence of the success of the performances.
Afr. Thomas’s arrangements for his new series (the seventh) of
the Cnvent-Garden Promenade Concerts include the re-engage¬
ment of Air. J. T. Carrodns as leading and solo violinist—this
and the conductorship being thoroughly satisfactory appoint¬
ments. The arrangements altogether are of a kind that
promise an unusually brilliant season, and one that will
provide amply and worthily for musical tastes of varioos
kinds during the interval between tho close of the opera
season and the commencement of tile antumn and
winter serial concerts. Air. W. F. Thomas's list of solo
vocalists includes the names of Atcsdames Valleria, Kcalclii,
Patey, and Stirling ; Afdlle. Nikita ; Misses Anna Williams and
A. Whitacre, Alesdaraes Rose Hersee and C. Samuel], Mr. Sims
Reeves, Mr. E. Lloyd, Air. H. Piercy, Air. C. Banks, Air.
O. Harley. Mr. Santley, Signori Foli and Novara, Mr. B. Foote.
Mr. Ludwig, and others. A grand orchestra of abont one
hundred and fifty performers will occasionally be reinforced
by the band of the Coldstream Guards.
Signor Bottesini s concert, which took place recently st
St. James's Hall, deserves some further recognition than it has
already received. The concert-giver's unrivalled mastery of
the doable-bass was displayed in several pieces of his own
composition, including an effective duet for contra-bass and
violin, the latter instrument skilfully sustained by Signor
Fnssini, who also contributed solo pieces, as did Signor
T Afnttei. the eminent pianist. A'ocal performances were
features of the concert. Mr. Sims Reeves, Aladamc Stirling,
Aliss A. Afarriott, Air. F. King. Mr. Do Lara. Arr. Alaybrick and
others having appeared, among them having been Aliss Erni. a
new-comer, who displayed a voice of agreeable quality, suffi¬
cient power, and extensive upper compass, and was favourably
received in her execution of Rode s air with variations.
The Royal Academy of Music gave a students’ orchestral
concert recently at St. James s Hall. Ill instrumental per¬
formances and in composition especially good proofs were
afforded of the excellent results arrived at by the system of
tuition pursued at the institution. A manuscript pianoforte
concerto, composed and performed by Aliss Dora Bright, was a
prominent Feature of the programme, both ns to the merits of
the work and the excellence of its rendering. Other com¬
mendable pianoforte performances were contributed, and
special effect was produced by Air. G. Walenn s skilful exe¬
cution of the first portion of Beethoven's violin concerto, and
movements from Aloliqnes concerto. Among the vocalists,
Aliss Arartha Davies and Air. Al. Humphreys are entitled to
commendation. The concert was conducted by Dr. Alackenzie,
Principal of the Academy. The institution now referred to
held, on the following day, its annual award of prizes, which
were distributed by Lord Coleridge, by whom and by the
Principal appropriate addresses were delivered.
The recent orchestral concert by students of the Royal
College of Afusic. at Alexandra Honse, also showed geod
results from the course of instrnction pursued by the Kensing¬
ton establishment. Schubert's great symphony in C and
other orchestral pieces. Schumann s concerlstiick with Aliss Al.
Osborn as pianist, and vocal pieces, testified to the efficiency
of the institution. Professor Yillicrs Stanford conducted.
The annual prize festival of the Royal Normal College and
Academy of Alusie for the Blind, at Upper Norwood, was
recently held at the Crystal Palace. Viscount Middleton having
presided. The awards were made by Lady Playfair. An
excellent concert included the co-operation of the Crystal
Palace orchestra, conducted by Mr. Manns and Mr. W. H.
Cummings: the programme having included effective per¬
formances l»v students of the college.
The concert of Signor Tito Mattci. which recently took place
at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Sassoon, Felgrave-squsm\ in¬
cluded skilful pianoforte performances of the concert-giver,
some of his own compositions having been included in a
programme that was contributed to by several eminent
vocalists and instrumentalists.
The Irish concerts, given under the direction of Mr. Ludwig,
in the new concert-hall adjoining the Irish Exhibition, have
proved so successful that they are being continued. Popular
vocalists (including Mr. Ludwig) contribute to attractive
programme? of a distinctly' national character, atul tho yer-
formances are such as must be welcome to large numbers in
the surrounding neighbourhood.
Our previous notice of the Chester Festival was necessarily
incomplete, most of the performances having taken place too
late for record until now. The only novelty occurred
in the Thursday’s programme. July 2<>, on the morning of
which day was produced Mr. Oliver King's setting of the
Psalm, By the W aters of Babylon.*’ a composition of
somewhat mixed character and unequal merit; the later
portions of which arc by far the best, particularly the very
effective concluding chorus. - Remember the children of Edoin.
The incidental soprano solo passag< s were well sung by Miss
Anna Williams ; some of the choral singing (owing, perhaps,
to the forced harmonic treatment) having been less satis¬
factory than in other works during the festival. Aerdis
“ Requiem ” was a specialty at the morning performance now
referred to, the soloists having been Madame Nordica. Miss
Damian, Mr. Lloyd, and Mr. Brercton. The performance of
Sir Arthur Sullivan's cantata “The Golden legend,’’ at the
first of the two miscellaneous concerts in the Music-Hall (on
July 2.1) needs merely a recognition of the repeated success of
a work that has been received with deserved favour in numerous
localities since its first production at Leeds, in JK8(>. Jhe
soloists at Chester were Madame Nordica. Miss Damian, Mr.
Lloyd, and Mr. Grice—the last named a young baritone of
much promise. The other evening concert (on July 2f») con¬
sisted of miscellaneous items requiring no comment. The
closing day (.1 uly 27) included Beethoven’s oratorio—or, rather,
cantata—“ The Mount of Olives, ” as adapted and Englished,
under the title of ” Engedi ” : the solo vocalists having been
Miss Anna Williams. Mr. E. Lloyd, and Mr. Grice. The work
was preceded by Schubert's unfinished symphony in B minor;
and the remainder of the day's programme was devoted to
Mendelssohn's “ Hymn of Praise,” with Miss Williams. Madame
Belle Cole, and Mr. Lloyd as solo vocalists. The evening
of the date just referred to closed the festival with a perform¬
ance of Gounod's oratorio, “The Redemption,” in which the
principal solo vocalists were Madame Nordica, Miss Damian.
Mr. W. N’icholl, Mr. Brereton, and Mr. Santley. The festival
performances have been generally efficient, the orchestra
having been Sir Charles Halle’s celebrated band led by Herr
Strauss; and the chorus of proportionate strength and
importance. Dr. J. C. Bridge, organist of Chester Cathedral
fulfilled the office of conductor with care r.ml zeal.
AUG. 4 , 18S8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
130
THE PLAGUE OF CRICKETS IN ALGERIA.
The lamentable visitation of destructive insects by which the
whole province of Constantine, in. the French dominion of
Algeria, has this year suffered enormous damage to its crops
of every kind of grain, was at first attributed to locusts,
supposed to resemble those of ill-fame, ancient and modern, in
the countries of Western Asia and the Levant. It has since
ADULT WINGED CRICKET (sTACRONOTUS MAKOCCANUs),
MALE AND FEMALE.
been ascertained that the present enemy is neither the locust
nor the migratory grasshopper, but a native species of cricket,
known to scienti fic entomologists as the St a u rnnut us Mu rocrun its,
which is bred on the dry and bare highlands above the Tell of
Algeria, and elsewhere on the slopes of the Atlas mountain
range, and which has been observed, during the past three
years, descending into the cultivated region of Algeria, towards
the shores of the Mediterranean. Its ravages have been ex¬
perienced in Morocco, it is said, on several former occasions.
The locust, the cricket, and the grasshopper belong to
different families of the Sanatoria, or leapers. a section of the
order of orthopterous insects. The famous or infamous
migratory locust of Asia and Africa is a big insect, two inches
or two inches aad a half long, with strong hind legs of nearly
the same length, making prodigious jumps, and is therefore a
rapid traveller. Woe to the country over which it travels !
“ They consume as a fire, and the land is utterly burned up.”
The prophet Joel gives a terrible, but exact, description of the
locusts in Judea. When in the wingless condition, in May and
June, their arrival is more to be dreaded than after they begin
to fly ; because, in the latter state, vast clouds of them may be
driven aside by the wind. Through such a cloud in the sky
overhead, the sunlight is yellow, as through a smoky fog.
Where they have descended, every blade of grass, every leaf of
a tree—the very bark, if tender, of many trees—with all fruit
and grain, will presently disappear. They.are not stopped by
the water of a shallow pool or stream, for the bodies of those
who first enter it soon form a bridge, over which the mighty
Jjf.™ P 0,88 ' CoIti ™ny weather may kill them, hut human
cuorti do comparatively little ; though in Cyprus, seven yean
i 'j; '’ rdlT " f tlle British Government,, and liv the digging
out o-nT’ Wltb » J he sides Iined 80 thot tflo y Could not ciimt
is t0ns of dcad locusts were obtained, and their weight
and “ lll,on insects to the ton. Where huge heaps
the ShW T t0 ^ B bodies bave remained on theground,
Tlu-v?, 1 ncntml stench has been smelt a hundred miles away
J PPO'> however, an inexhaustible store of food to many
kinds of birds, to some beasts, and to all Borts of worms and
reptiles.
The StminiHotHS Mar arc an ns is a very noxious creature.
The female, which is the larger, measures three-quarters of an
inch to an inch and a quarter in length, and the male com¬
monly about three-quarters of an inch. Its colour is russet or
reddish brown ; the corselet on the back is marked with an
oblique cross, and there are vertical bands of alternate light
and dark hues along the lower part of the body. The pair
of adult insects, male and female, furnished with powerful
wings, of which we give an Illustration, are parents of this
pernicious race. The female seeks to lay her eggs about the
end of June, or at the beginning of July. She chooses dry
and sterile ground, in a situation not likely to be disturbed ;
and uses a natural apparatus, a valvular sucking tube, at the
extremity of her abdomen, to lift and remove the grains of
sand, boring a hole in the earth, about an inch deep. In this
hole she deposits the ovary, a cylindrical case or shell of
hardened inncilage, three-quarters of an inch long, containing
all her eggs, some forty in number, very neatly packed
together ; then she covers them by filling up the hole. They
are slowly hatched by the heat of the sun in the earth, where
they remain nine mouths, until the new-born insect emerges,
in the spring of next year, a little white caterpillar,
which speedily becomes a cricket, and is then quite ready
to attack and devour the graminaceous plants for which it
has a predilection. They swarm in millions all over the land,
and by a mysterious instinct are guided to distant corn-fields,
advancing in vast and dense columns with a wide front,
keeping the closest possible array, to conquer and despoil the
agricultural industry of mankind. While on the road through
the wilderness, or in a pastoral region, they will eat grass or
any green herb ; but, as soon as they enter a field of wheat or
barley, it is a wonderful sight to observe their passionate
alacrity. They rush at every cornstalk, five or six of them
climbing up it at once, and presently gain the top, which bends
under their weight. Then, with the sharp-edged shears of
their upper-jaw mandibles, two strong horny hooks moving
horizontally, crossing each other like the blades of a pair of
scissors, they quickly cut the ear of grain to pieces, feeding on
its farinaceous part, while they disdain the husks and the
stalk. In attacking an ear of barley, they of course begin
operations by stripping off the spikelets of its beard, which
CRICKET, WITH ITS OVARIES BURIED IN THE EARTH.
they do not eat; the husk of every grain is also torn off and
thrown away. The business-like precision and skill with
which these insects go to work, in their foraging among tho
corn, may be appreciated by the aid of our Illustrations
showing the different stages in their treatment of the
unfortunate plant. Any crumbs of farina that the busy
plunderers aloft may let fall to the ground will be eagerly
seized by the vast multitude below, which cannot find an
unoccupied stalk to ascend; but, unless they happen to
be famished by a very long march over bare ground, they
despise the hnsks and straw. The insect army, gorged with a
plenteous repast, and perhaps exulting in its victorious pro¬
sperity, inarches on to fresh fields and pastures new. The
agriculturists of the neighbouring village are ruined. It is
all over in a few hours. The Stun ronotus Manner amts —a
tremendous name for a terrible tiny foe—has conquered and
devastated the country in a very brief campaign more
effectually than would have been done by a barbarous human
invader.
These ravages, in the part of Algeria where they have most
pvevailed, already extend over a territory three or four hundred
imlcs in length, and the estimate of the damage at six or seven
nnJHon francs, which was made some weeks ago, has probably
been much exceeded. The aspect of the country this summer
is dismal and distressing; the cultivators are in despair, and
the attempts to kill or drive away the insects have been quite
unsuccessful. It seems impossible to stop them on the march,
or to do anything with them afterwards, when they have
taken wings to themselves : the only plan to be recommended
is that of searching, in the autumn and winter, for the places
where they have laid their eggs, and either destroying the
vitality of these by some chemical application, or watching
for the appearance of the caterpillars, in March or April, and
killing them before they can do any mischief.
Locusts, in most parts of the north of Africa, have always
been dreaded as the most formidable natural enemy. The Arabs,
however, eat locusts, as John the Baptist did ; and one would
not object to them boiled, with wild honey, or stewed in butter.
Among the numerous accounts of them, in different countries,
is that of Mr. Barrow, who visited a territory where, he says,
they covered an area of 2000 square miles. They had reached
a broad river ; and, in endeavouring to get at the reeds growing
along its banks, such enormous quantities of the insects had
been drowned that the whole river was filled with their dead,
so that its water remained scarcely visible when he w as there.
On the sea-shore, when the winged insects came there, a strong
wind drove them into the sea, which afterwards cast their
bodies up on the beach, forming a bank 3 ft. or 4 ft. high, for
a length of fifty miles along the coast. It is a mercy to
southern Europe that they cannot travel across the Mediter¬
ranean.
PUBLIC ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.
The report of the Committee of Council on Education for tho
year 1887 has been issued. It states that on Aug. 21, 1887,
there were lfi,267 day schools under separate management on
the list for inspection and claiming annual grants, and these
schools had accommodation for 5.311,662 scholars. The
number of scholars on the register was 4,660.301, and the
average attendance was 3,544.564. 19.154 schools were in¬
spected in 1887, while the increase of the population during
the year was estimated at 1*35 per cent, the accommodation
bad increased by 133,700 school places, or 2 6 per cent. The
local effort which has resulted in this improvement might be
measured by the continued support derived from voluntary
contributions, these reaching the sum of £743.727, against
£742,597 last year, and by an advance in the contributions
from rates to the maintenance of Board schools from £1.169.150
to £1.194,900. The Committee were sorry to find that the
education of so many children of ten years of age and upwards
was discontinued as soon as by passing the presented standard
they were freed from the obligation to attend schools and
became entitled to go to work.
The Duke of Cambridge presented the prizes and com¬
missions on July 26 to the cadets at the Royal Military
Academy, Woolwich. It was stated that none of the com¬
petitors had failed in qualifying for a commission.
The annual exhibition of the Surrey Floricultnral Society
was opened on July 25 by Mr. J, Blundell Maple. M.P., in tbo
grounds of Casino House, Herne-hiil, lent for the purpose by
Mr. Sutton Cover. The exhibits were of an exceptionally high
order of merit, but the bad weather was greatly against tho
success of the show. The exhibition remained open next day.
Lord Hersohell presided on July 26 at the annual dis¬
tribution of prizes at the hall of the Middle Class Schools
Corporation, Cowper-street. Citv-road. He was supported by
several members of the Council and Governors of the
Corporation, and a large company attended the ceremony. The
report of tho examiner, Mr. Arthur Grav, was of a congratu¬
latory character.
A deputation from North London waited on Jnly 2(1 upon
Mr. Anstie, one of the Charity Commissioners, and asked for
assistance in the establishment of technical and recreative in¬
stitutes in that district. The Commissioner said he regretted
that in North London public opinion was not so unanimous as
it was in the South. They should first decide upon snitable
sites, and then see what assistance could be obtained locally.
Lord Lansdoivne was. on July 26, entertained by Lord
Northbrook at dinner, previous to his departure to assume the
Viceroyalty of India. An address from Indian residents in
this country was afterwards presented to the Marquis, who, in
reply, alluded to the material progress made in India during
the Queen’s reign, and rejoiced that they had come to rely
more on the sympathy and goodwill of the people, and less
upon physical force.
For the August Bank Holiday the Great Eastern Railway
Company announce cheap excursion bookings on Saturday,
Aug. 4, from London (Liverpool-sfrcet), via their new line and
the cathedral cities of Ely and Lincoln, to Huddersfield. Ashton,
Manchester. Ac. A special booking-office will be opened at the
Liverpool-strcet Station to Aug. 4 for the issue of ordinary
tickets, and of fortnightly and Friday or Saturday to Tuesday
cheap tickets to the seaside, for use on forward dates. A
special midnight train will leave Liverpool-street on Sunday
night, Ang. 4, for Norwich, Yarmouth, and Lowestoft, via
Ipswich, calling at tho principal intermediate stations. On
Bank Holiday, excursion-trains will leave St. Pnnerns and
Liverpool-strcet for Yarmouth, Cambridge, and Ely, and Liver-
pool-street for Clacton. Walton, and Harwich. Excursion
tickets will be issued by all trains to Epping Forest, Brox-
bourne, and Rye House.—Cheap tickets will also be issued by
this company via the Harwich route, enabling passengers to
visit the Brussels Exhibition, the Ardennes, and Holland.
Passengers leaving London and the North on Friday or Saiur-
day can reach Brussels the next morning and return on Monday,
arriving in London and the North on Tuesday. The company
has arranged, in conjunction with the General Steam Navi¬
gation Company, a special excursion to Hamburg at single
fares for the return journey.
TJIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS. Aco. 1, 1888.-140
COLLECTING AND COUNTING BUNCHES OF BANANAS IN JAMAICA.
Our Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, whose sketching mission
*• Across Two Oceans ” has already contributed much that we
hope was acceptable to the readers of this Journal, visited
other islands of the British West Indies besides those which
have supplied the subjects of Illustrations hitherto published.
Jamaica, the largest of them, and not the least interesting,
though not the most prosperous, was. of course, included in his
route. As a field of sugar-planting industry, from various
causes it has been obliged to yield the repute of superiority to
Trinidad and Demcrara ; but few countries in tbof>c latitudes
J.re endowed by Nature with such a variety of soils and
climates, and capable of such diversity of marketable products ;
anil in the upland district*, where the temperature is moderate
at all seasons. Englishmen could live and work as happily ns
in the south of Europe. Fruit-growing, of almost every kind,
with a good market in the Ulifted States of America, may be
recommended to settlers in Jamaica as a promising enterprise ;
and the following notes on that subject give correct in¬
formation :—
“The export of bananas from Jamaica to America has of
late years become important. The Atlas Steam-ship Company,
trading between Jamaica and New York, carries at least
hunches of iwnanns every month, besides other steamers trading
with Kingston. The Atloa steamers call for this favourite
fruit at Kingston. Port Morant. Morant Bay. and Anna!to Bay.
The other companies vessels carry from wmki to BMMiu hunches
per month. Besides this large quantity of bananas, there are
from lo (Kio to I.VMIU barrels of oranges exported from the
island to New York, Baltimore. Boston, Philadelphia, and
other ports.
'• The banana-tree bears but one bunch in its lire ; nml when
this is cut. the tree (lies, leaving, however, numerous snckcis,
which soon come ii|>. nml thus replace theold tree. Thegrowtli
is very fast: it is going on all the year round. Some bunches
weigh as much as Dili lb., theaverage lieilift from SO 111. to 110 IK
The average number of bananas on each hunch is about 200.
CARRIAGE OK BANANAS KROM TUB FIELD TO TUB WHARF, ANNATTO BAY, JAMAICA.
ACROSS TWO OCEANS: THE WEST INDIES—SKETCHES BY OUR
ON TUB WAY TO MARKET, KINGSTON, JAMAICA.
SPECIAL ARTIST, MR. MELTON PRIOR.
''
THE CASINO, BOULOGNE-SUR-MEB, WITH THE SWITCHBACK RAILWAY, THE TOWN, QUAY, FLOATING DOCK, AND SWIMMING BATHS.
142
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS aug. i. isrs
The frnit is von* delicate. ami requires much care in cutting-,
transit, ami shipping. Too much heat in the hold of the ships
will ripen it too quickly. so that often a whole shipload may
arrive in New York worthless and rotten. On the other hand,
an excess of cold will chill the fruit, so as to make it unfit for
the market. The proper temperature should be from 50 deg.
to Do deg. in the hold. The best fruit-steamers trading in the
West Indies are especially ventilated for the purpose.
" In the first Sketch, women, who arc the principal workers
in the field, are to lie seen carrying the bunches on their heads,
from the tree to nn open spot, where they are packed in carts,
to be taken down to the store at the seacoast. In their working
dress, as in most- parts of the West Indies, the women tic a
string round themselves, and then, drawing the dress up
through it. succeed in arranging the dress short enough, so
that they may not be prevented from walking freely.
- The carriage of the fruit to the shore is undertaken by
both sexes, the men driving mule and pony carts (and many
quiet races take place on the road), rfhd the women carrying
bunches on the head—young girls coming in for their share
of tho work. The fruit is then carefully packed in large
sheds to await the arrival of the steamer, which has, of course,
cither been telegraphed, or is known to be due on a certain
day. On board tho Ailsa steam-ship, the bananas arrived quite
green, but in five days they were ripening in quite an alarming
manner. This shows what, judgment is necessary for the
proper picking and packing to insure the arrival of the fruit
in America in good condition.
“ Immediately on the arrival of the vessel in the port or
bay the process of loading small boats is begun. This is done,
of course, again by women : the only men to be seen about are
the overseers and contractors. The boats, when full, are rowed
alongside the steamers, and the fruit is carefully packed away
in the hold. The steamer I was on actually took on board
I.".(mm) bunches, which seemed to change but very little on the
voyage, ft is a favourite fruit in America, and is continually
advancing in public taste.
“There is a market in Kingston. Jamaica, every day : but
Tuesdays and Saturdays are the busy days. '1 l\j Gordon Town
road, from a very early hour, presents a curie us sight, with
the native villagers coming into town to sell their produce.
They bring innumerable baskets, full of yams, bananas,
poppers, beans, and home-made cakes, piled up one on top of
the other, each basket on a woman’s head. They come a great
distance, many of them twenty or twenty-five miles, and
return the same day or night, most of them preferring to do
the walk home at night when it is cool. One cannot go far
in the West Indies without seeing a rum-shop, and I send a
sketch of one with the market people halting there and
refreshing ; bread is also to be bought at the same shop. I
have no doubt that the poor donkeys, which, I think, are
badly used, arc very glad of the rest.”
BOULOtiNE-SUR-MER.
Our Illustration presents a general view of this agreeable and
very accessible watering-place on the shore of France, a visit
to which will be a very pleasant change for holiday seekers
who crowd the Kentish coast. Almost within sight, and to
be reached in a hundred minutes by steam-boat, they will find a
picturesque foreign city with an animated port and pier, aud
one of the finest bathing-stations and Casinos in France. At
Boulogne, too, there is inexhaustible accommodation for visitors.
A stay in Boulogne is now rendered more attractive by the
Grand Casino, in which Mr. Hirschler, the spirited proprietor,
has done more in four years than did the previous adminis¬
trators in forty. At the Casino will be found a newly-arranged
hydropathic establishment; swimming - baths, continually
renewed with fresh sea-water, and professors to teach the art
of swimming ; and several hundred*bathing-machines, the most
commodious and best administered in Europe.
On these sands, free from shingle or rock, families can
bathe, and children can paddle the livelong day, while the
boats of the Humane Society are constant in their attendance
for the prevention of accidents. The bathing here is considered
healthy and safe at any time of the tide or day, provided that
a couple of hours he allowed for digestion ; whereas bathing
in England finishes at noon or at one o’clock, after which time
it is either contrary to the bye-laws” of the town or declared
by the faculty to be injurious to health.
There is no lack of social and intellectual amusement at
Boulogne. At the Casino there is a band of sixty musicians,
performing twice daily, in the delightful garden. The
theatrical entertainments are either comedy, vaudeville, or
opera comique by some of the leading Paris artists. There
are children’s balls and halls for adults at frequent intervals.
The ball-rooms, theatre, and drawing and reading rooms, the
restaurant, cafe, and billiard-rooms, are lighted by electricity,
and thousands of fete and illumination lamps in the gardens
are furnished in like manner.
A new feature has been added to the Casino : tho old
skating-rink and lawn-tennis grounds have been abolished,
and in their place have sprung up flower-beds, parterres, and
shrubberies. A music kiosque has been erected, with a
fountain, tents, lounging-seats. and tables, and an outdoor cafe
service. A continual source of amusement is the switchback
railway, which has been erected on the grounds during the
recess. On the same premises will he found a fencing-saloon
and a shooting-gallery, and the swimming-school; the hot and
cold baths are close by. The Casino is well and worthily
recommended, as is also the first-class restaurant, with a cele¬
brated chef from Paris, at which Government and other public
official banquets arc frequently held. The subscription to the
Casino is very moderate, and its diverse entertainments can be
shared at an outlay not exceeding that paid for inferior enter¬
tainments elsewhere.
Within a short distance of the town are the falaises or
cliffs with the Napoleon monument. It was on these cliffs
that Napoleon III., in IS55,assembled an army, a grand review
of which took place on the east sands, in the presence of Queen
Victoria. The cathedral, in the Hauteville. with its interesting
crvpt, is worth a visit. In the Basseville is the Municipal
College : on the quay a handsome monument has I con erected
t > the memory of Dr. Jrnner. the discoverer of vaccination :
another statue is that of Frederic Sauvage, a Frenchman, said
to be the inventor of the screw propeller.
There is an excellent" Guide to Boulogneand its Environs.”
published by Merridew, of the English Library, 'lhe view
from the sea*shown in our Engraving, displays the grounds and
buildings of the Casino, with the town behind, tho cathedral,
the cliffs, and the Napoleon monument: as also the quay ami
floating-dock ami railway for the arrival and departure of
passengers via Folkestone, Boulogne, and Paris. The journey
to Paris is within four hours, as the trains of the Chemin du
Xord are about as fleet as the express-trains on our own lines.
When in Paris, wc would remind our countrymen that the
Palace and Forest of Fontainebleau invite one of the most
beautiful and delightful excursions. The journey occupies
little more than an hour, and is accomplished by the trains of
the Paris, Lyons, and Mediterranean Company, the directors of
which have brought Rome within two days’ reach of London.
MAGAZINES FOR AUGUST.
\atimml Jlrrirtr .—The political philosophy of Mr. Gohlwin
Smith has a singularly refined standpoint: while looking to the
extinction of hereditary monarchy and aristocracy, he dis¬
approves of French and Americau democracy, and contemns the
Revolution of ITS!) as a great disaster. The infusion of Asiatic
spiritual despair and moral apathy into European thought, by
the influence of German metaphysical pessimism, and of Xeo-
Bnddhist speculations, is deplored by Mr. H. G. Keene, who
points to a remedv in the encouragement of cheerful popular
poetry. Some unpublished letters, from 1«77 to 1(180 m
which the Duke of York, afterwards King James II., and his
Duchess. Mary of Modena, comment on the attempts to exclude
him as a Roman Catholic, from the succession to Royalty, are
brought to light by Mr. Francis Radcliffe, having remained in
the keeping of his family. Mr. H. R. Farquharson. M.P.,
earnestly advocates " More Tillage ” for the benefit of “ farm
labourers ” ; but would it be to the profit of the farmers ?
Mr. W. J. Courthope’s idyll of “ the Chancellor's Garden,”
in Spenserian stanzas and in the archaic language affected
by Spenser, is rather pleasing. A vigorous and very
opportune appeal to Unionists to abolish the Irish Lord-
Lieutenancy, with a view to the consolidation of the United
Kingdom, by Mr. St. Loc Strnchey, deserves the attention of
practical politicians. The Rev. J. Hudson, following another
clergyman who wrote hast month in HI a eh wood, exposes tho
bad taste, the morbid sentimentality, and the questionable
theology of certain Church hymns. Mr. J. Theodore Bent’s
notices of various incidents in the existing domestic life of the
rural population of the Greek islands have some interest
derived from comparison with instances mentioned by Homer.
The educational and sanitary benefits of learning a handicraft,
which is good both for mind and body, are exhibited by Sir
James Crichton Browne, M.I)., a high authority on the pre¬
vention, ns well as the treatment, of mental disease.
f'nirnml llerietv .—The third monthly number of this
new periodical, edited by Mr. Harry Quilter. ami adorned with
many fine engravings, sustains its pretensions as an important
vehicle of original criticism on matters of art. But it seems
injudicious to give the leading place to such a piece of mere
political squabbling as Mr. T. i\ O’Connor’s reply to Mr.
Frank Hill's remarks on the alliance of the Gladstoninns with
the Parnellites—a controversy most uncongenial to the
devotees of t.iste and culture. The editor continues his
review of pictures in the Paris Salon, and Mr. J. Raymond
Solly gives an account of the teaching of young men and
women to be actors and actresses at the Paris Conservatoire.
“The Lesson of the Master” is the first pait of a short story
by Mr. Henry James. A student, thinker, and humourist
of original character, Mr. Samuel Butler, author of
“ Ercwhon,” complains in the “ Quis Desiderio ” tone of
missing a favourite volume in the British Museum Library.
The Rev. J. Llewellyn Davies offers a few wise suggestions on
the relief of poverty, and Mr. T. A. Welfcon shows the utility
of well-conducted statistical inquiries. “On a Certain Defici¬
ency in Women ”—that of the faculty of coherent imt ersonal
thought—“George Fleming” has a good deal to say. Mr.
H. Arthur Smith, in answer to Mr. Grant Allen, upholds the
mental endowments of the Teuton, Comjwired with the Celt.
The translation of Alphonse Dau(let’s “One of the Forty,”
which is a satire on the French Academy, proceeds along with
its publication in French. There are two short, poems: one,
by Mr. Wyke Bayliss, accompanying a view of St. Mark's at
Venice.
Maeinillan* Magazine .—This is a very good number.
The “ Ballad of the Armada,” by Mr. Itennell Rodd, whose
name we have not before met with, comes np more nearly
to the ideal style and tone of an English narrative poem, on a
glorious martial exploit of our nation, than any other com¬
position in verse on this subject. It is written in those
rhymed couplets of long fourteen-syllable lines, often adding
one or two unaccented syllables in the changes of a lilting
movement, with a varying incidence of rhythmic beats in each
line, which are peculiarly congenial to the English language,
and are most suitable, we think, to the telling of such an
animated story. Mr. Harold A. Perry contributes a valuable
article on Gibraltar, concisely describing the singular position
of that fortress, narrating tho transactions which concerned
its acquisition and retention by our own Government, and
refuting a Spanish writer, Don Antonio Fernandez y Garcia,
who complains of England on this account. It is clparly
shown that Gibraltar was taken, and has been held by us, in
no spirit of hostility to the Spanish nation, bnt as an instru¬
ment for the protection of Spain against France ; and. though
some opinions have been expressed in favour of our exchanging
Gibraltar for Ceuta, a harbour on the opposite African coast,
there is much force in Mr. Harold Perry’s view of the importance
of keeping the former, as the best means of preserving the shores
of Morocco, especially Tangiers, from becoming a prey to
foreign ambition, by which the interests both of England and
of Spain would lie seriously injured. If his remarks on this
question should chance to be read by any Spaniard, we trust
they will be received in the same friendly and candid spirit in
which they are presented. Meanwhile, the defence of Ceuta,
which belongs to Spain, appears to be the needful complement
of British preparations to make use of Gibraltar for command¬
ing the Straits, and for securing the safety of our traffic in the
Mediterranean duringany war with a great naval Power. The
real interests of Spain and of Great Britain are so far identical,
and they might probably be allies, finding our custody of
Gibraltar advantageous both to the one and to the other.
Among the remaining contents of this magazine are Mr. Gold-
win Smith’s argumentative strictures on the vague project of
“ Imperial Confederation ” : Lord Coleridge's personal remini¬
scences of the late Principal Shairp; the continuation of
Mr. Walter Pater’s biographical romance of the French
Renaissance. "Gaston de Latour”; the commencement of
“(Tossy,” a Californian story, by Bret Harte; articles on
gardening, on the late Sir Francis Doyle’s poetry, and some
hitherto unpublished letters of Keats.
Murray * Magazine .—A plan for the organisation of a naval
volunteer force to protect cur commercial shipping at each of
the British mercantile ports, is ably set forth by Admiral
Colomb. who urges that it is not sufficient to fortify and
defend the ports, but that the vessels approaching or leaving
them, to the aggregate number of about 1700 daily, valued
with their cargoes at many millions sterling, will require
active defence near at hand. The value of those entering tho
Thames and going out of it, for instance, every twenty-four
hours, is estimated at nearly two millions: and the Mersey,
the Clyde, the Tyne, the Humber, the Bristol < hnnnel, and
many other ports, have masses of floating wealth always
within a short distance at sea. Admiral Colomb shows how,
in every port, seafaring men could be trained and drilled as
volunteers, and suitable steam-vessels could be hired, on board
of which, at very small cost, light quick-firing guns for
shell practice might be placed, which would enable
them to run out and engage the enemy’s armed cruiseis.
We recommend this suggestion to the Admiralty and the
Board of Trade, and to British shipowners and merchants,
who might contribute a share of the expense. The South-
Eastern Railway, and tho London. Chatham, and Dover Rail-
way, are described in their turn l>y Mr. W. M. Acworth, giving
precise details of the working traffic arrangements, and of the
conveyance of mails and passengers to or from the Continent.
Turkish administrative corruption, and the intrigues of
European contractors or speculators seeking lucrative official
jobs at Constantinople, arc satirised in a lively piece of
historical fiction. The past history of English music is being
related, and this chapter is devoted to Purcell. Mr. Morley
Roberts tells a thrilling tale of suffering from thirst and want
of food in a solitary journey in Australia. The method of
training pupils of the dramatic art in the Paris Conservatoire
is described by A. Strobell, whose account may be compared
with that of another writer, in the I'nirerml lit view. The
story of “The Reproach of Annesley,” is continued, and Paul
Cushing’s “Just for the Fun of it,” comes to an end.
JJIaeJncood's Magazine .—Two sonnets by the Earl of Rosslyn,
on the deat h of the German Emperor Frederick III., are here
published by the Queen’s command. The various collections
in the British Museum, and its library and reading-room, con¬
stitute a suggestive theme of observation and reflection, which
is thoughtful^' and agreeably treated. Mr. W. W. Story, the
American sculptor of Rome, presents a fine study of the
character and genius and works of Michel Angelo, which
claims and rewards attentive perusal. There is a pleasant
article on John Evelyn’s country life at Wotton, and on his
knowledge and skill in laying out gardens and planting trees.
“A Night in a Scotch Swamp” is the tale of a tourist’s
adventure in the Isle of Arran. “ Wanderings and Wild Sport
beyond the Himalayas ” is a title that speaks for itself. Several
chapters of “A Stiffnecked Generation ” are added.
The Woman x World. —Mr. Oscar Wilde’s editorship oi this
handsome magazine for ladies is conducted with tact and
taste. The frontispiece is an engraving of Gerard's portrait
of (he Empress Josephine, of whom Miss Mabel Robinson
writes a memoir. "Social Scares,” by Miss Mabel Sharman
Crawford, refers to the old prejudiced outcries against in¬
novations. such ns coaches, umbrellas, and rail wavs, in former
times, and now the admission of women to ihe higher studies
and professions. Miss Fanny Our rev describes the quaint Irish
seaport town of Yonghal. Useful hints on cookery are sup¬
plied by Mrs. Lebour-Fawssett. There is another chapter of
-George Fleming’s” tale, “The Truth about Clement Ker.”
'] he finding of a dead little mermaiden on the seashore, hr
two little human girls, is the subject of a drawing by Mis*
Dorothy Tennant, and of a poem by “Violet Fane.” A Rr.stian
lady painter, Marie Bashkirtseff, lately deceased, has an in¬
teresting memoir of her written by Miss Mathilde Blind.
Those who approve of Girton, Newnham, and Somerville will
like the account of Vassar College for ladies, in America,
established twenty-six years ago. Miss Louise Bcvington
presents her observations on the position of women in
Germany, while Mrs. Conyers Morrell discourses of wedding
presents. The fashions for August arc described.
English lllustrated Magazine .—A Boston story ly Mr.
Henry James, called “The Patagonia,” which is the name of
a steam-ship going to Liverpool, is commenced this month.
There is a pleasant description, with sketches, of Rugby, the
town, school, and neighbourhood; a short story, entitled
“ Family Portraits”; an account of the Post-Office telegraphs*
and parcels’ departments: further chapters of “The Media¬
tion of Ralph Hardelot,” Professor \V. Minto’s hist cried
romance ; and two short pieces of verse.
Other reviews and magazines for August remain to be
noticed. Mr. Clement Scott’s The Theatre, containing n uch
that specially concerns the class of actors and actmws. and
the amateurs and admirers of their performances, is adorne l
with good photographs of Miss Julia Xeilson and Mr. F. H.
Macklin. Ladies will find many things useful and agieeable
to them in Myra'a Journal, in “ Myra’s ” threepenny Jw not
of Jtrcsx and Fashion, and the Lady's Magazine, including the
Mon it our de la Mode, and The Season, with patterns for articles'
of dress and fancy work.
Surgeon George Ridley has been appointed to take charge
of the troops at Tullamore, in succession to his brother, the
late I)r. .lames Ridley.
In Rochester Cathedral, on July 28, the Dean, Dr. Hole,
held a short service in the nave. Over r>0<) members of the
Church of England Working Men's Society attended with their
banners, and, preceded by a cross, formed a procession round
the edifice. Prior to and after the service public pn cessions
were made through the streets of Rochester and Chatham.
About (UM> persons sat down to tea, under the preside:! y of the
Dean, in the Corn Exchange.
The annual distribution of medals for gallantry and good-
conduct on the part of the men of ihe Metropolitan Fire
Brigade took place on July 28, whin the members of the
Metropolitan Board of Works visited the ho.id-quarters in
Southwark Bridge-road, and inspected ihe fine building. After
drills, in which engines were turned out in thirty seconds
after receiving the calls, the members a?stmbled in tie drill-
ground. and Mr. Wetenbnll. as the late Chairman of ihe Fire
Brigade Committee, presented silver and bronze medals to
those men who had been selected to receive them.
The Lord Mayor has received the following among other
donations towards the Mansion-House Fund which has been
recently opened in connection with the holdingof the National
Agricultural Slimv in Windsor Home Park next year in
celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Royal Agri¬
cultural Society of England—viz., the Queen £100 (in addition
to £200 already contributed by her Majesty to the Windsor
Town Fund), the Prince oF Wales £50 (in nddition to £100
given to the latter fund). Messrs. N. M. Rothschild and Sons
£250, Mr. F. Shoolbred £105, Messrs. W. and A. Gilbey £105,
Mr. Walter Gilbey £105, the Nitrates Railway Company
(Limited) £105. Lord Revelstoke £K)0, Lord Hillingdon £100,
and Mr. J. Stewart Hodgson £100.
The Royal Humane Society lias conferred its rewards upon
the undermentioned persons for gallantry in saving or en¬
deavouring to save life:—Silver medals to Lieutenant J.'NV.
Pochin. her Majesty's ship Garnet: John Robinson, assistant
engineer to the Bengal and North-Western Railway. India;
and W. Bradley, pier-keeper, at Southend. Bradley has
altogether saved nineteen persons from drowning, and, besides
the National Life-Boat Institution’s silver medal, has cJso the
bronze medal and clasp of the Humane Society. Bronze n.edal t
have also been conferred upon Colour-Sergeant T. Tierney,
3rd Inniskilling Fusiliers: Lance-Corporal Done, Royal
Lancaster Regiment: John Gcddes. ferryman, of Glasgow:
James Filmland. Patrick Durkan, Alfred D. Burton,
Christopher Ward, G. Endicott (signalman in the Royal Navy).
Maurice Murphy, W. Howell (a lad of fifteen). Lie well} n
Bowen (dock pilot at Cardiff), Frederick T. Joyce (journalist),
and Police - Constable Lucas (Metropolitan Police). lesti-
r onials have also been awarded to W. Merlin* lnw»
Harding. R.M.L.I.. T. Engleficld. J. J. Deveroux, George B. »•
Hirst. Police-Constable D. MTntosh, S. Holden, W. \\ illian-**-
E. Johns, J. Louis. E. Coco, L. Detort, J. Parker, G. Brereton,
W. T. Lee, and J. Sbirtcliffe.
ACG. 4, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
143
HOLI D AY RAMBLE S.
(By our Paris Corrrspomtriit.)
BERLIN.
The Berliners call their city with pride the “ Kaiserstadt ” :
t'-ieir greatest pleasure is a military parade ; their chief and
almost only amusement is drinking a peculiar white beer of
local manufacture. There are, therefore, three features of
Ilerlin which particularly strike the foreigner : the innumer¬
able beer-shops and beer-gardens, the omnipresent military
element, and the infinite variety of the portraits of the
imperial family. In most cities you will find in the photo¬
graph - shops views of the monuments and sights of the
town conspicuously displayed : in the Berlin photograph-shops
yo-i see nothing but Kings, Emperors, Princes, and Princesses
of the Hohcnsollern family, beginning with Queen Louisa, the
great beauty of the house, who is photographed, from a paint-
big. in the act of teaching the future Kaiser Wilhelm how to
plav with a wooden cannon. Then we see the first Kaiser in
civilian dress, wearing an open waistcoat and a gandv striped
cravat, and looking for all the world like some dandified old
banker : Kaiser Friedrich in health, in sickness, on his death¬
bed, and, finally, lying in state; the new Kaiser Wilhelm, sur-
rounded by his family : also portraits of the Crown Prince, a
dot of a boy of five years of age, dressed in military uniform, and
saluting with his sword. Here are scores of portraits of Moltke
and Bismarck and other military notabilities, portrait-groups of
officers, instantaneons photographs of military inantcurres.
••Bat whore are the photographs of Berlin itself? Have yon no
views of the city?” one asks the shopman. " Ja, mein Herr,
ja wohl!" And he brings forth from the drawer a bundle of
views. “ Here is the front view of the Kaiser's palace, show¬
ing the historical window where Kaiser Wilhelm nsed to come
to show himself daily to the crowd gathered on Enter den
Linden ; here is the palace of the Crown Prince: the monu¬
ment of Frederick the Great: the cannons on the Cnstanicn
Plats brought from Mont Valerian; the Imperial Guard
House, showing the arrival of the new guards: the Arsenal ;
the inside of the Arsenal, showing the flags captured from the
French in 1870 ; the Sieges Denkmal. in commemoration of the
defeat of the French in 1870-71." " But have yon no views of
other sights of Berlin besides these military and itn|ierial
subjects?" "Ja wohl, mein Herr, ja wolil!" and the
ponderous 9 h 0 pm.au brings forth in triumph a photograph of
Kroll's beer-garden !
Kaiser, war, and beer—snch aro the preoccupations of the
modern Berliners, and such are the features that strike the
visitor with a force and frequency that end by disgusting
him with this vast and monotonous city of stucco decoration,
outside show, military glory, and beer-gardens. The Kaiser-
stadt has all the disagreeable points of the parvenu : it lias
not yet become accustomed to its greatness ; it is like a pre¬
tentious provincial man who, suddenly transported into a
metropolitan sphere, puts on knowing airs, and would appear
more courtly than the courtliest. Like the towns of America
and Australia, Berlin has nothing really old in it. Its growth,
again, has been too rapid for reasoned development, ami so we
find splendour and paltriness side by side, no uniform plan of
street pavement, no system of drainage, mere scattered efforts
after grandeur and true civilisation.
As I was leaving Berlin 1 bought at the station a book by
Julius Hodenberg, a distinguished German writer, " Bilder
ans deni Berliner Leben," in which there are many pages
that confirm my impression of Berlin, notably one in which
the author revels in the splendour of the Belle Alliance
Plats—yet another military monument in commemoration of
the victories of 1814. Fifteen years ago he saw this Plats all
neglected and buried in sand, and a poor wooden hridgo hard
by. Sow lie sees there marble and granite, a handsome stone
bridge bedecked with statues, and a park with marble images
of War, Bravery, Glory, and of heroes who died for the
fatherland. “ Were we not the modern Spartans before
we sought to will the renown of being the modern
Athenians?" asks Jnlins Rodenberg. "From the column
of the Belle Alliance Plats to the Kduigs Plats (where
is the Sieges Denkmal column iti memory of the Franco-
German war) is a long way. But. we have made that way,
and it is one long war-street. Military laurels lighten, or
darken, everything here: the race that grows up between
these two points must be warlike, ami a race of soldiers. And
are there not trophies oil all sides ? It is through war that
wo have become what wo have become. We nsed to tie a
society of humble folks : we nsed to live in old-fashioned,
uncomfortable, ugly houses, whereas now we have stylish,
mighty, colossal bouses with marble steps, satin wall-hangings,
electric-hells and telephones. . . . And what is the source and
origin of all these things ! War ! The war of 1804, 1866, and
Herr Jnlins Rodenberg chuckles wit'i truly German heavi¬
ness over the electric-bells and satin wall-hangings ; hut what
he says is doubtless quite true, and it explains, at any rate,
the conceit of the Berliners and the domineering •• swagger ”
of the officers who swarm in the streets and cafes on
Sundays, and promenade np and down Unter den Linden,
leaving no room for ordinary mortals.
I quitted Berlin leaving two enigmas unsolved. One is:
II here do the German officers get the money to buy their dress
uniforms, which always look qnite new ? The second is : f an
Unter den Linden be compared iu length, breadth, magni¬
ficence of architecture, and general splendour of aspect with
Euclid-avenue. Cleveland, U.S.A.T. C.
A young whale, measuring twenty feet iu length, has been
captured at Bennington, near Boston.
„ At Liverpool the annnal meeting of the Royal Liver
friendly Society has boen held. The premium income for the
year 1847 amounted to £382,608, or an increase of £ 1,1,386 over
1886, and the claims paid to £216,393. The report was adopted,
and a committee was appointed to revise the rules.
. ® r -Thomas Wilkinson was on July 26. at the College of
l shaw, Durham, conseorated Roman Catholic Bishop-Auxiliary
■ 1 See o! Hexham and Newcastle. Tlic ceremonv. which
5"®“ nearly four hoars, was chiefly performed by Bishop
Medley, who also preached the aermon. The head or the new
mshop was anointed by assistant a, and the consecrating Bishop
presented him with the ring and pastoral staff.
The Dnko of Cambridge, who was accompanied by the
rrmce of Bales, made lain nnnnal inspection of the Brigade of
tMtams in Hyde Park on July 27,. The troops inspected were
utu 1st Battalion Grenadier Guards, the 1st Battalion Cold-
tream Guards from Wellington Barracks, the 2nd Battalion
renadter Guards, and the 2nd Battalion Scots Guards from
' hslsca Barracks. The three bands of the brigade were in
attendance, and the evolutions were witnessed by a large and
astnonable company. The troops presented a fine appearance,
mg m full dress, whilst the officers wore their gold sashes.
IV .6 7 * ® l,8en °c of the Foot Guards, the gnard duty at the
est-Knd was performed by men of the Northamptonshire
ymeiit from the Tower. Their Royal Highnesses were loudly
sheered on leaving the ground.
CHESS.
TO CORRRSPOXDXKTS.
(S>mmHHientiotu for tki* department should bt. uddre*»td to thr Ckrut Editor.
Mans (Now York).-Your inquiry »l»out tin* *’ HuIk-iiihmi Collection’ nml tlm
ffluw *"* refelTC<i 10 toVr 00t reached u*. Solution of Xo. acknowledged
• with Falk Leer shall appear next week. The Sicilian id i
Dki.ta.—Y our (ran
forgotten either.
It Y X Haskh.-—W hy ia the Pawn required at K Kt ?ml
A SKuiu iuKiuZeesrrMt.Tiic Hague).-If Ulack play i
. We cannot ..^
PJfoALY (ClApliain).- PrnMeiti aliall 1m r
.. “ ‘a in adhenive rlmract*
•• -.—lilin).—Your fort limn
r* Rowland’* proMim*. which, n
•1 »j>i>rar immediately, hut -hall not l
inr.RMH received, with tlunk*. from
id r. L rnr>-
T R Ilov
Kith
in due course. Do la Rue can
iced abort|y. Thank*
land, L Com),
wing ton large *u|»|»ly
l-e overlooked.
0 G Law*. J Daly. Mr* R.
c jia1iT5SmnT'2L 0 v ?"• 2!" '■•-ceive.l from J W Stew (Montnwll, J
sct? w^Tig^xsssRssrir J Dm, ° • *
J Vofl,e - w HiRicr. Jiipir,
Waltx, Ikiiit- John, iWiin’n
Brook-i. Rev Winfield <’,«
Robert *, J II NtBiwt Xl.cn
R W or ter* (Canterbury), an
•..« I. Derange*, Scrg». M a
l<-r, Howard A,K Phillip*. Pairholtiic.
.. F. K H. Alpha. V K P. H
*V It Raitlem, Dr t>
St. S Dixon. Sindfori
* n, Thomaa l.
II F X Bank*. Ii
»u\ Yurk), MajorYrarhird' 1 , U»ie UnrriJ,
WHITE.
1. K to Kt 8tta
2. Kt to H 8th
S. Q mate*.
Play l. K take* P. thou
4th (double clo.&c.
IQ take* P; if 1. K to Q «th, then 2. Kt to K ll
PROBLEM No. 2313.
Bjr J. Pierce, M.A.
white (\\\ H. G.
1. P to K 4th
2. Kt to K B 3rd
3. U to Kt Ath
4. ('Osllrs
5. !’ t*> 0 4th
6. B take* Kt
wittuu the next few i
8 .
9. Kt take* P
1*». Kt takes B
II. Kt to B 3rd
1?. It to It 4t!i
13. Q K to Q *i
14. K takes H (eh)
15 Kt takes Kt
10. P to g B 3rd
Gan:
games by correspoxbench.
t liiiernntloiinl Tourney between Mr. W. If. OrxsTox, of
d M. F. (.'llESI!iUK, of IfnstingM ; notes by Mr. FttiK'l! ’
(Iluy Loprz.)
) BLACK (H. F. C.) • WHITE (W. H. G.) black < If. F. C.)
P.
Kt to g B 3rd
K f to It 3rd
Kt takes 1*
P to Q It 3rd
g I* takes B
It to K It 4th
Black <
to
I 21. V tog B llh
22. g takes I*
23. B takes p
24. ll take* B
It P
ikes Kt
lo (liffiriiiti
It to g 3rd
I* to K Ki 4th
g to n 4th
g Likes K P
K to It M|
R to Q *4j
g to Kt Gih
cleverly tlirmigliont.
P takes It
K take B
B 4th
P to K B 4th
Castles
g to Kt Ath
K takes ll
1* takes Kt
g U> B 4th
26. B takes U
j 2 g. g to g nh
I 2 7. g tilkes P (chi
28. g lo K Gtli (eh | K to B wi
2D. g to K 2nd P to Kt llh
I Bl-’iek ubviously has no resource
(3o. P takes P P takes P
(F. s. I bile ill.)
1. P to K lib
2. Kt to g It 3rd
3. P to B 4th
4. Kt to It 3rd
5. P to g 4th
Them? moves c»ihi
5.
6. B to B 4t1l
(\\\ T. Pierce.
P to K 4th
K t to g It 3rd
9. B Likes B
HI. B takes P
11. P to K 5th
Pto Kt 3th
P Likes Kt
P to g 3rd
B to K 3rd
P takes B
Q to B 3rd
g to Ki 3rd
olMtbly, Ul.-ie
12. P takes P P takes P
13. B to K Ath
P tog Ath i*a wronger move
13. B to Kt Jnc
14. Kt to Kt Ath P Likes B
rely afford
i IF. S. I Ml lean.) (W. T.* Pierre
19. Q Hikes P K Kt to K 2nd
Ilo u now |ireity safe from all dative
20. Q to B 4th B Li g Mh (eh
21. K to It *.( Kt to B 4th
22. II to B 4th
A linislnng stroke.
23. K takesQ KtU>K0th(c
24. K to R «i Kt takes Q
25. K Likes P B takes Kt P
2(i. It to K Kt mj
If It tog Kt *i, Kt to g 7ib wins t
I cxclinugc.
I — Kt to q 3n!
27. K R to K Kt 8tit Kt to K 2mt
j 2s. I 1 to B 4th K to q 2iul
error by which he b
i(Ire Idsytd K (it Kl .~
fur the sake of the the K
16. Kt to B 7th (ch) K to Q 2nd
16. Kt takes K I* to K Ath
17. Q to Q Kt 3rd K to B sg
Black *till Inn! to exorcise considerable
BAth
i -.* Q Ktiuj
31. U takes B
32. P Like* P
33. R takes P
| 34. ll to K Kt 2nd,
id the game
; ho Should Ik
furmg the gam
Q Kt to B 4th
R Likes Kt
P Ll Kt 3rd
P Likes 1*
R takes I*
Pirrre (la mbit . Chrss Papers «m«C Pro b rms Ry Jnnies PUrce, M.A..nnd
W. TliubrcU Pierce (TrUbuer and <'**.). -The unthorM of this volume Imre
altTAily made n name for thetiMclvo* lit chess litcmitu-c. and they have bi.|
for something more listing by «tan*ling s|Kinsor» to a now opening. ‘With¬
out attempting In our limito 1 s|neo any examination of the analysis they
submit for rrlilehnn. we may say It is a variation of the Vienna 0)ienlng. ono
form of which has nlmidy given its the .Steinitz Gambit and another the
Ham|io Aflgaler. Like the last named, tho Pietx% Gambit is a combination
of two forms of nuac’v the Mtulo being, ns the authors phrase it, grafted
to the Vienna stem." It undoubtedly lends to a powerful onslaught in tho
bnmls of a player familiar with its pitfalls for the dcrcncc; but the in¬
herent niMoumlnom of the sacriricx- remains, and it will pmbnbly
noYor mnk in high-class play. Messrs. Pierce fully Justify, how*
over, their claim to have introduced a most Interesting addition
to the attacking opnInga. The other contents of the bonk comprise
papers—mainly critical—on chess •inestions, such as the relative value
of pieces, the element of chance In the gatuo, the standard of merit for
problems, &c„ all of which are dlscm-sed wUli much eh^niTiess of tlimtglit and
express ion. Some poems of real merit, with, ns might be c.v|iectod from the
tied lent on, a nmrkod Tcnnysontan ring, follow, and 134 problems complete
the work. Altogether, it is one upon which tho nutliors nro to be com*
pllmonted, for it may be safely said that so much talent an I versatility are
r.ircly seen in a work exclusirelv rola 1 ig to chess. We select for’pub*
Ilcntfon above n prohVm by Mr. J. Pierce, and a gnme illustrative or the
ojwuiug, with the author's own notes.
PIN-PRICKS.
it may safely be asserted that half the wretchedness in Ihe
world is caused by trifles ; or, rather, net so much by the trifii s
themselves ns by the exaggerated dimensions wo persist in
attributing to them. In things that concern onr interests, our
ambition, our self-love, or our vanity, we are morbidly sensi¬
tive; we look at them through magnifying-glasses, until the
merest pin-prick expands into a wound as “ wide as a churcb-
door." Some small annoyance, some petty vexation, ruffles onr
self-esteem or disturbs our confidence ; and immediately we
proceed to make the most of this accidental or fugitive pin¬
prick—to aggravate and irritate it until it becomes a per¬
manent sore. • ’1 lien we go ont into the highway, complaining
of our troubles and demanding sympathy ; not infrequently
quarrelling with onr best friends liecause" they will not yield
to the deception we have imposed upon ourselves. And when
we have the grace to forbear this exposure to the world, and
neither invite the condolence of onr friends nor provoke the
ridicnle of onr enemies.we nurse our grievances all the
more zealously in secret, and caress them and make much of
them, and vow that we are bleeding inly, when, in truth, wc
have received only a scratch or two on the epidermis. And so
the evil process goes on. till our peace of mind is poisoned, the
temper grows soured and suspicious, the better feelings of the
heart are kept under, our capacity for good is weakened, and
the higher life shut ont from us by a hypochondriacal delnsion.
That is the mischief of these petty anxieties: they develop
all that is meanest in onr nature. A great sorrow, on the con¬
trary, elevates and purifies ; in passing through the furnace,
whatever is coarse and worldly is bnrnt off from ns. But these
pin-pricks 1 How humiliating and debasing becomes their
influence, if we suffer our minds to rest upon them, until, like
the Afreet in the tiny vase, they grow with startling rapidity
tnto gigantio figures which seem to defy control!
«'* en yon come to think of it, Byron's misshapen foot was
but a pin-prick, compared with all the rare physical and
mental endowments he had received; yet he contrived to
exaggerate it into so great a grievance, that it threw a dark
8 bn clow over his whole life. Napoleon, at St. Helena, seems to
have felt much less the heavy pretsure and burden of captivity
than the denial of certain forms and ceremonies which he
considered due to his Imperial dignity. Hia sensitive¬
ness under these pin-pricks I have always considered
a clinching proof that, at bottom, he was not a great man.
Ihe revelations of the domestic economy of Carlyle and his
wife show, in a very striking manner, the immense unhappi¬
ness that may spring from microscopic worries if we insist on
representing them to ourselves as colossal evils. There is
Oliver Goldsmith, with that happy genius of his. that fine
talent for humour, that bland ripe wisdom, and the fame of
having written one of the best poems, one of the best plays,
and one of the best fictions in our literature—and yet how he
suffered from the pin-pricks which his vanity felt so keenly ’
But in many cases the pin-pricks a e even more superficial.
A glance at the pages of Horace Walpole or Charles Greville
disco* ers the paltriness of the trials which humanity sometimes
sighs over. One man is plunged into an abyss of despair
because bis rival obtains the Garter which he has calculated
n|»oii Tor Ins own knee ; another reviles the gods because he has
hejn put off with an Earl s coronet when lie hoped for the
strawberry - leaves. Lady Blank sulks for weeks because
Lady Dash wore more diamonds than she did at the Drawing¬
room : and it is only too obvious that of pin-pricks so slight
as these come envy, hatred, malice, and all uncharitableness.
As one reads, one is lost in wonder at the littleness of that
humanity which has all earth and sea and heaven for its
enjoyment, and, beyond these, eternal life, and vet narrows and
confines its vision to so low a level and so limited a sphere '
How ridiculous some of these pin-pricks are ! How strange
it is to see sensible men and women—who would probably
bear real, and even terrible, anguish with heroic fortitude-
permitting themselves to be depressed and sore at heart at
some pnssing slight or disappointment! But a grain of sand
in the eye may blind us to a flash of lightning. That Smith
should have a larger bouse than ours, and sit higher in tho
svnagogne; that Brown shonld figure in public subscription-
lists for double yonr own modest offering ; that Jones should
turn out with a carriage and pair, when you are limited to a
chaise and n pony ; that Robinson shonld be elected to the
Criterion when wc are “pilled"; that, in a word, vour
neighbours shonld enjoy a little more of the world s sunshine
Ilian you do—what sources are these of daily, nav. hourly heart-
burning, anger, jealousy,and spite! The smaller the j.in-pricks
the greater seems the pain. Do not let it be Bupposed that
their effect is transitorv. The worry which they involve
wears out the higher and better energies of the soul ; so that a
inan becomes incapable of impartial judgment—incapable of
sincerity, of frank and honest dealing with his fellows—in¬
capable of sympathy, of a generous appreciation of motives
of that tender allowance for the faults and failings of others’
of winch he himself will not fail to stand ill need. It is in
this way that cynics are made, and satirists, and selfish pseudo
philosophers, who are always railing at the life which is much
too large and beautiful a thing for them to understand.
A man bravely silent under a heavy sorrow—ah! that is
a sight to command our admiration ! But a man whining and
puling at the smart of a pin-prick—how can we look upon such
" 1 one except with contempt and disgustWhat a pother he
makes about his little troubles—calling upon heaven and earth
to hear witness to them—and protesting that they are not as
the troubles of other men, but something forged by Fate for
his particular detriment and hurt I After all. one is sometimes
tempted to believe that the alleged affliction is. in reality, a
joy and a boon ; for see how he hugs it. and makes much of it,
and rubs the wound carefully, so as to keep it open! Some jieople
do not seem happy unless they have a pin-prick to talk about;
it feeds their vanity and nourishes their senseof self-importance;
just as you may sec a person with a physical ailment regarding it
as a distinction, and impressing upon his neighbour that he
is not, like him, a commonplace individual in ruilo health,
but that grand character, a Man with a Malady ! The more
mysterious it is. the greater is his satisfaction. But these
pin-pricks, these small trials of ours, what are they
when compared with the larger anxieties of life ? How they
dwindle away into nothingness when we look aroand and see
the victims of civilisation jierislting in the sweating-dens nml
starving iu tho byways of onr cities ! One feels ashamed
of the prominence one has given to them, when one sees the
agony of tho poor woman standing, pale and breathless, at
the brink of tho coal-mine just shattered by explosion,
and waiting in dreary helplessness until the dead body of the
father of her children is brought to the surface. In the
presence of a Borrow like that, let ns be silent — let us carry
our pain and irritation into the solitude of our chamber, and
seek consolation where alone, our heart tells us, at such times,
is consolation to he found ; let ns not go out into the market¬
place and heap dust and ashes ou our heads before an
uusympathising crowd. It is only when men are smarting
under their pin-pricks, as I have said, that they seek to
take the world iuto their confidence; hut the world smiles
and passes on. W. H. D.-A.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, A.
THE LATE MR. CLARENCE STEWART LINDSAY
KIMBBllL
BEERS
,KD IN THE
.OSION
MISSIONARY
BAKE-HOUSE IN A CORNISH VILLAGE.—BY ADRIAN STOKES.
Colo Ucoal, Imventions, 188!
AW. i, 1884
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
145
“ T) Y a thorough knowledge of the natural laws which govern the operations of digestion
D and nutrition, and by a careful application of the fine properties of well-selected Cocoa,
Mr. Epps has provided our breakfast tables with a delicately-flavoured beverage which may save
ns many heavy doctors bills. It is by the judicious use of such articles of diet that
ill P J~^S >S (comforting )COCOA
a constitution may tie gradually built up until strong- enough to resist every tendency to disease.
Hundreds of subtle maladie; are floating around ns ready to attack wherever there is a weak
point. We may escape many a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure blood
and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service Gazette.
THE MILL STREAMS THAT TURN THE CLIPPERS
OF THE WORLD ARISE IN SOLITARY PLACES.”-„ ElfS .
ILIUITEDI,
JEWELLERS, WATCH AND CLOCK MAKERS,
11 & 12, CORNHILL, LONDON, E.C.
The Stock of Jewellery is the largest and choicest in the City of London, and contains
the newest and most approved designs.
GOODS FORWARDED INTO THE COUNTRY ON
Illustrat'd Pamphlets o/ Prices sent, gratis and post-fire, to all paj
APPROBATION.
’ts of the world.
HAXELL’S HOTEI
WEST STRAND, LONDON.
MB. HAXELL begs most respectfully to inform the Visitors to his Hotel
that it has been ENTIRELY RECONSTRUCTED.
MEDITATING BEFORE
exquisite gem oj high
L The narrow Staircases removed ; continuous passages made through
2. Pressing-Rooms added to all the Family Rooms.
3 Withdrawing-Room made on the First Floor.
4. Electric Bolls.
5. The Electric Light, by T. H. WHITE nml 00., Is Introduced into ct
away with the necessity for Candles, the most fertile source of Fire.
«• The £ ld Perorations and Furnituro aro all swept away, and replaced by Furniture of the
by Messrs. Shoolbred and Co.
7. A new Bath-Room has been ovule.
8. The sanitary Arrangements arc all new. of t
Uie roofs, and their water-supply absolutely dlstlm
9. New Lavatories, Ac., in the basement for Gc
most perfect construction.
10. The construction of a new Kitchen, with all
11. Increased Exits in case of need.
Notwithstanding the great outlay attent
WITH THIS REDUCTION, THAT LIGHTS
HE Really Great
Room, Stab
Py'O'S FRUIT SALT” and
JUNO'S “VEGETABLE MOTO,”
A Nn don’t load the Rules for Life, given with
JUNO'S “VEGETABLE MOTO,"
you will besurprised to learn of the body
‘YY’IIAT “ Frail and Fickle Tenement it is,
-yyHK’H. like the brittle glass that measures
JS often broke eve
the World
PROFESSOR HUXLEY
liltoro
d, upon the Second F
modem appliance
CIMOLITE is the only
OLDEN HAIR—Rob
produces the beautiful gold
AUREOLINE
TTEMPT
conformity
A Y LOU,
HOVENDE
SUrer C
Gold Cases,
Silver,
BENSON'S
BENSON'S
LUDGATE.
BENSON’S WATCHES
14G
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AtJG. 4, 1888
of the explosion there, in 1*W5. was a grallant attempt
to aavo the live* of a couple of miners, who. along with
himself, formed a rescue party, and who succumbed
to the after-damp. He preserved his own life by
chewing rusty nails, which counteracted the effect
of the deadly gas which he had inhaled. In a half
unconscious condition he dragged these men a con¬
siderable distance through the workings, and the act
of heroism which he performed, though unavailing,
attracted the attention of the whole country at the
time. Mr. Lindsay could not, at the time of his
death, have been more than a full week at the mine,
since he had not long arrived in South Africa,
being appointed manager of four great diamond
mines, of which the De Deers is one. As proof of
the estimation in which he was held by the pro¬
fession. on the occasion of the visit of the Institute
of Mining and Mechanical Engineers to Newcastle,
he was ap|H>inted to in*j»ect and report upon the
various methods of ventilation in mines in this
country and on the Contincut.
SKETCHES IN CORNWALL.
A county ro remote and sequestered, by its geo¬
graphical position, from the rest of England, os is
the extreme western peninsula—Cornwall exhibits
few or no traces of Roman, Saxon, or distinctly
Norman influences, but had an ancient civilisation
of its own, and was, probably, long before the
Roman invasion, frequently visited by foreign com¬
merce. The inhabitants of some districts are still of
a comparatively unmixed Celtic race, who received
Christianity at a much earlier period than its intro¬
duction among the Anglo - Saxons, and others.
The native language, which was nearly allied
to the Cymric of Wales, ceased to be commonly
spoken about one hundred years ago, but among the
peasantry, miners, and fishing-folk, there are curious
traditions and customs peculiar to Cornwall. Their
household management, furniture, cookery, and some
fashious of wearing apparel, may attract the notice
of an observant visitor; and the odd aspect of the
interior of a bake-house, represented in one of our
Sketches, is an instance of this condition in the
nooks and corners of the most westerly part of Great
Britain.
FOREIGN NEWS.
M Floquct on July 211 unveiled the statue of General
M *usnier at Tours. A banquet was given in the
evening.—July 30 was the annual prize-day of the
I'aris 1 yoec*. and a large and fashionable company
assembled in the afternoon at the Sorbonne. The
event of the proceedings was an cxcellentjiddress from
M. Lockroy, the Minister of Public Instruction, on the
relative merits of the ancient and modern classics.—The pro¬
gress of the Exhibition works in the Champ de Mars has met with
an unexpected check, a large number of navvies engaged on the
works having struck work for higher wages. In a conflict with
the police, who drew their swords, ten men have been wounded.
Recent storms in Franee have done great damage. The
Department of the Loa&re has been visited by a terrific cyclone,
which has uprooted gigantic oaks of ancient renown, as well
as any number of chestnut-trees and poplars. The mother of
the Cure of Pin-Mories was struck by lightning in the rectory,
death being instantaneous.
Signor Crispi has issued a circular to the Powers, notifying
the occupation of Massowah by Italy.
The King and Queen of Portugal left Lisbon on July 30 on
their foreign tour. A proclamation of the Crown Prince
announces the assumption by him of the Regency of the
country during the Kings absence.
A salute of seventy-two guns at Berlin, on July 27, an¬
nounced that the German Empress had given birth to a son.
Her Majesty and the child are doing well.—The Emperor has
ordered that the anniversaries of the birthdays of the Emperors
William and Frederick, as also of the days on which they died,
shall be celebrated in all Prussian schools as memorable days
in German history.—The Emperor William arrived at Stock¬
holm on July 2b. He was received on landing by King Oscar,
the Crown Prince and Princess, and the principal officials.
An enormous crowd loudly cheered his Majesty. In the
evening a banquet was given at the castle, covers being
laid for 130 guests. Ilis Majesty, accompanied by Prince
Henry, spent the next day in visiting several places of
interest in and around Stockholm ; and on Saturday. July 2rt,
his Majesty sailed from Stockholm in the Hohenzollern for
Copenhagen. The Emperor William and Prince Henry were
met at sea on the morning of July 30 by the King and Crown
Prince of Denmark. The Germau Emperor afterwards landed
at Copenhagen, where the whole of the Danish Royal family
welcomed him. The King and the Emperor visited the Exhi¬
bition, and were well received. In the evening a State banquet
was given in the Emperor's honour at the palace, and shortly
after midnight his Imperial Majesty left; arriving late on Ang. 1
at Friedrichsruh, where he was received by Prince Bismarck.
TK?. LATE MR. FRANK HOLL, R.A.
REPRINTED FROM THE “ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS” OF JULY 20, 1878.
The centenary ceiebratiin of the birth of King Ludwig I.
of Bavaria was inaugurated at Munich on the morning of
July 30 by the ringing of bells and the playing of bands
stationed on the towers of the churches, in all of which there
was an early morning service. The principal service, held in
the basilica of St. Boniface, was attended by the Prince
Regent, all the members of the Royal family, the deputations
from the different cities, the Papal Nuncio, and the Diplo¬
matic Body. Several wreaths were placed on King Ludwig’s
tomb in the basilica. In the evening a marble bust of
Ludwig I. was unveiled in the Hall of Heroes, in the presence
of all the members of the Royal house, the Diet, and a vast
concourse of visitors, the total number of spectators being
estimated at Iiwmmm. Subsequently there was a firework
display, at the conclusion of which the crowd smg *• Die
Wachfc am Rhein ” and the National Anthem. During the
celebration on July 31 some elephants in the procession were
frightened by the noise of a steam-car and broke away. Many
people whom they trampled upon were seriously injured.
Prince Gregory Ghika of Roumauia died on July 30. at
Klausenburg, in Transylvania.
The King of Greece has arrived at St. Petersburg.
The ninth centenary of the introduction of Christianity
into Russia has been celebrated throughout the Empire, but
especially at Kieff.
The Cape Parliament has passed a resolution declaring that
the separation of the offices of High Commissioner and
Governor of Cape Colony would be fraught with danger to the
interests of South Africa.
The opening of the Melbourne Centennial Exhibition took
place on Aug. 1. All the colonies sent large contingents of
visitors and the city was crowded, the gathering of leading
Australians being immense and never before equalled. The
whole city was en fete.
The marriage of M. de Geyer. Secretary to the Swedish
Legation, Constantinople, with Miss White, the daughter of
the British Ambassador, took place on July 31. The ceremony
was celebrated by Monsignor Bonetti, the Apostolic Arch¬
bishop, in the Cathedral of the Holy Spirit. The bride received
numerous costly presents, among which was a splendid tiara
of diamonds sent by the Sultan.
THE LATE MR. FRANK HOLL, R.A.
Tlie death of this eminent artist, at the early age of
forty-three, and at the height of his professional
success, is deeply regretted. It took place on Tuesday
.Inly 31, at the well-known house which he had built
for himself, called “ The Three Gables." in Fitzjohn's-
avenue, Hampstead. He had been unwell since last
May, and had gone to Spain for a holiday ; but re¬
turned after a fortnight in rather worse health. Mr
Flank Holl was a son of the engraver Francis Holl
A.R.A., and was born on Jnly 4, 1845, at St. James's-
terraoe, Kentish-town. He went to University
College School, but at the age of fifteen was entered
as a probationer in the Royal Academy Schools.
There he soon made his mark, obtaining a silver
medal in 1802, and the gold medal and a scholarship
in the following year. In 1804 he began to exhibit
and from that time contributed regularlv to the
exhibitions. In 1808 he gained the Tcvo Years'
Travelling Studentship. He devoted himself to sub¬
ject pictures, generally of a pathetic cost, such as
-So Tidings from the Sea "(1870, “ Leaving Home"
(1873), " Deserted" (1874), " Want " and “ The Emi-
grant's Departure.” In 1878 he was elected on
A.R.A. Sine or ten years ago, however, he painted
his first portrait, that of the veteran engraver
Samuel Cousins. It proved the great talent of
Mr. Holl as a portrait painter. Mr. Holl was
at onco overwhelmed with commissions, so that
from that time till the day of bis death he may
be said to have scarcely had a single day, except
during his annual holiday, free from sitters. A list
of them would include a number of the most eminent
contemporary Englishmen, while not a few Americans
took advantage of a visit to London to have them¬
selves painted by Mr. Holl. His very last work, com¬
pleted since the opening of the Academy Exhibition,
was a portrait of Mr. Cornelius Vanderbilt. Among
the most successful, we may mention portraits of
Signor Piatti: Dr. Graham: the late Registrar-
General : Captain Sim, a naval veteran of ninety
years old : Dr. Cradock, the late principal of Brnsc-
iioso; Dr. Bellamy, President of St. John's : Sir
Henry Rawlinson : Sir Frederick Roberts ; Vice-Chan¬
cellor Bacon : Lord Wolseley : Mr. Chamberlain ; Lord
Overstone ; Mr. Bright: the Duke of Cleveland ; the
picture of Lord Spencer, which will probably be
reckoned the painter's masterpiece: and that of Mr.
Gladstone, which was given to its subject asa golden-
wedding present. Besides these half-lengths, there are
the two full-lengths of the Prince of Wales, painted
for the Middle Temple and for the Trinity House, and
that of the Duke of Cambridge in the uniform of a
Field-Marshal. Mr. Holl was made a R.A. in 1884,
and his rank among the very best of modern English
portrait-painters is beyond dispnte.
Mr. Frank Holl had a seizure soon after his return from
Madrid, and Sir William Jenner forbade him to undertake
more than one sitter n day. This moderate amount of work
seemed not too great for his strength, but while staying with
a friend, he had a second seizure, and since that" time his
doctors—Dr. Broadbent and Mr. William Adams—regarded his
case as anxious, though they by no means despaired of curing
him. Bat he was again seized with cardiac disease, and died
in a moment.
The Portrait is from a photograph by Mr. Fradellc, of
Regent-street, which we engraved ten years ago.
The inaugural meeting in connection with the visit of the
University Extension students to Oxford was held at the new
Examination Schools on July 81. when about 1000 persons
were present. Mr. .1, G. Talbot. M.P., presided, and heartily
welcomed the visitors. The inaugural address was given by
Mr. A. H. Dyke-Acland, M.P.
By the will of Mr. Henry Edward Southouse, late of Clifton-
terraee, Brighton (dated May, 18(11), with codicils (of recent
dates), of which probate has been granted, the Pope is left
residuary legatee of the testator's property, real and personal.
The personalty is declared at £36,118. There are several
bequests to relatives and others; bat their amount will not
probably exceed £7000 or £8000.
On the opening day of the Goodwood Meeting Mr. J.
Gretton won the Craven Stakes with Apollo, Lord Dudley
the Charlton Welter Handicap Plate with Monsieur de Paris,
the Duke of Portland the Ham Stakes with Donovan, Mr. T.
Cannon the Stewards' Cup with Tib, Mr. T. Jennings, jun.,
the March Stakes with Corbeille, Mr. Rose the Richmond
Stakes with Gulliver, Mr. W. M. Redfera the Halnaker Stakes
with Yard Arm, and Lord Ellesmere the Grntwicke Stakes
with Estafette. On the second day Prince Soltykoff's Love-in-
Idleness won the Bognor Plate of 500 sovs., Lord Calthorpe's
Beadroll being second; the Drayton High Weight Handicap
was won by Mr. M'Calmont's Castlenock, .Mr. Kenyon's Binfield
coming in second, and Mr. R. Crest's Ediington third. Mr.
Manton's Zanzibar came in first for the Sussex Stakes, Lord
Ellesmere's Estafette being second, and Prince Soltykoff's
Sheen third.
SCENES AND INCIDENTS ON BOARD A CUNARDER
FROM LIVERPOOL TO NEW YORK.
Of all the great Atlantic steamship line* tho Cunanl itlll stands without a rival In popularity. Its steamers arc not
on ;v- (ho fastest, but excel all in comfort and general attendance. Life on board one of these floating palaces is not,
n. po u.'may suppose, one of dull routine, but full of incidents; acquaintances arc quickly made, friendships are
C4Labli.-h.vi of which many interesting tales are Cold in after years. A laic United States Consul at one of the
English port* relates the following :-“On my last voyage from England, on one of the Cunard steamers, I noticed
on* morning, after a few days out of port, a young man hobbling about on the upper deck, supported by
crutches ami seaming to move with extreme difficulty and no little pain. He was well dressed and of exceedingly
Inn lsomo countenance, but hi* limbs were emaciated and his face sallow, which bore traces of long suffering. As
hi* secuicl to have no attenJant or companion, he at once attracted my sympathies, and I went up to him as he
leaned again-t the taffrall looking out on the foaming track which the steamer was making. ‘ Excuse me. my
young friend,* I said, touching him gently on tho shoulder, ‘you appear to be hardly able or strong enough to trust
yourself unattended on an ocean voyage, but If you require any ass Dunce I shall be glad to help yon.’ • You arc
very kind,* he replied, in a weak voire, ‘but I require no present aid beyond my crtuchcs, whiclT enable me to pass
from my state-room up here to get the benoilt of the sunshine and the tea breeze.' * You have be do a great sufferer,
do doubt,' I s.ii.l, 4 an 1 I Judge that you have been nffilcJed with rheumatism, whose prevalence and intensity se:m
to lie o a an alarming increase both in England rind America.’ ‘You are right,' he a ns wore 1; *1 have been its
victim for two year*, and after failing to And relief from medical skill, have lately tried the springs of Carl.-had
and Vichy : but they have done mo no good, anil I am now on my return home to Missouri to die, I suppose. I shall
bo content if life is spare l me to reach iny mother's presence. She Is a widow, and I am her only child.' There was
a pathos In this sj)e?ch which affected mo profoundly, and awakened In me a deeper sympathy than I had felt
before I ha I no words to answer him, and stoo l silently beside him, watching the snowy wake of tho ship.
While thus standing, my thoughts reverted to a child-a ten-year-old boy—of a neighbour of mine, residing near
my consulate residoncc. who hail been cured of a stubborn case of rheumatism by the use of St. Jacobs OH. and I
remembered the steward of the ship had told roc the day before that he had cured himself of a very severe attack
of the gout in New York. Just before ids last voyage, by the use of the remedy. I at once left my young friend and
went below to fln l tho steward. I not only found him off duty?but discovered that he had a bottle of the Oil In
his locker, which he had carried across the ocean in case of another attack. He readily parted with It on my
representation,and, hurrying tip again, I soon persuade! the young man to allow me to take hint to his berth and
apply the remedy. After doing so, I covered him up snugly Jn bed, and requested him not to get up until I should
see him again. That evening I returned to his state-room, and found him sleeping peacefully and breathing gently.
I roused him. and inquired how he felt. ' Like a new man,' he answered, with a grateful smile. ‘ I feel no pnln,
and am able to stretch my limbs without difficulty. I think I ’ll get up.’ * No, don't get up to-night,’ I said, 'but
let me rub you again with the Oil, and in the morning you will be much better able to go above.’ I then applied
the Oil, again nibbing his knees, ankles, and arms thoroughly, until he said lie felt as if he had a mustard poultice
ail over his body. I then left him. The next morning when I win - up on deck, I found my patient waiting for me
with a smiling face, and without his crutch?*. I don't think I ever felt so happy In my life. To make a long story
short. I attended him closely during the rest of our voyage—some four days—applying the Oil every night, and
guarding him against too much exposure to the fresh and damp spring breezes; and on landing at New York he
was able, without assistance, to mount the hotel omnibus and go to the Astor House. I called on him two days
later, and found him actually engaged In packing his trunk, preparatory to starting for his home that evening.
With a grateful smile he welcomed me, and, (minting to a box carofuliy don3 up in thick brown paper, he said
4 That is a dozen bottles of St. Jacobs Oil, which I have just purchased from Hudnut, the chemist across the way,
and I am taking them home to show my good mother what has saved her son's life and restored him to her in
health. If you should erer visit Scdnlia, iu Missouri, I will show yon a bottle of St. Jacobs Oil enshrine 1 In a silver
and gold casket, which we shall keep as an ornament, ns well ns a memento of our meeting on the Cunard sta.uicr.
We parted, after an hour's pleasant chat, with mutual good-will and esteem, and a few weeks afterward.-1 received
a letter from him telling me he was in perfect health, ami containing many grateful expressions of his affectionate
regards.” The curative (lowers of St. Jacobs Oil are simply marvellous. It is wholly an outward application. »t
c.'liquors pain qnlckiy and surely. It acts like magic. It penetrates to the seat of the disease. It cures, even when
everything else has failed. A single trial will convince the most incredulous. It has cured thousands of coses o
rheumatism and neuralgia, which had resisted treatment for the greater part of a lifetime. It has cared (icope
who have been crippled with (win for more than twenty years. After the most thorough and practical test, m.
Jacobs Oil has received .Six Gold Medals at different International Exhibitions, for Its marvel loos power to conquer
pain. It Is used extensively In tho leading Hospitals and Dispensaries of the Metropolis and provincial cities, an
ol-o on board her Majesty’s Troop-shi|». and on all the ships of the Cunard Steam-ship Company’s roagniUceni
lhn up in white wrnpi>en» for human use, and Jn yellow wrappers for veterinary (ntriioa&i.
AtfG. 4, 18«t
'THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
14?
NEW MUSIC.
£JHAPPELL and C O.'S POPULAR MUSIC.
TAEAR HEART.
XJ Dr TITO MATTEL
‘ U PuEKciMo tC tcjT" 1 ’
HEAVEN AND EARTH.
XI By pixsi-Ti.
Sunn t.y Maclamo Knriquo,.
Thirty-second Edition now ready.
CNOWY-BREASTED PEARL.
O By JOSEPH ROBINSON.
Buns hy Madame Enriquez. Edward Lloyd, 4 c.
niUPPELli and CO.’S PIANOFORTES,
VJ HARMONIUMS, am! AMERICAN ORG A NR, for TIire r
9 ila. or on the Tliroo-Veara' System. Now or Secondhand.
piIAPPELL and CO.’S IRON-FRAMED
V_^ OUL 1 QUB 1*1 \NOKORTES, Mnuiifacturod oxpro*sly f..i
extreme climate*. from 33 Cumene. Teetimomal* from nil
pirn of Hie World._
yiHAPPELL and CO.'S STUDENTS'
\J PIANOS, C'oinjciee Pi»c Octaves, from 10 guinea*.
Chappell and co.s new organ
V HARMONIUMS, wuh Octave Couplers, from 11 guineas
t >»> guinea*.______
/ iLOUGH and WARRENS CELEBRATED
\J AMERICAN ORGANS. from 6 guinea* to 230 giiincn*.
X7$s?StZii.‘ *
C’UAl'i’KM. a ml Co., 50 . Now Bond-street: and IS. Poultry, E.C.
I0HN BROAD WOOD and SONS,
t 33 . ({rent Pultcney-street, T.omloii, tv.
GOLD ME UAL INVENTIONS EXHIBITION, 1983 .
GOLD MEDAL SOCIETY OK AllTS. p*>o.
PIANOFORTES for SALE at from 2 ‘. to iM giuueae.
r. I.-'mlon, W
UBAUDS' PIANOS—Messrs. ERARD. of
Lj |*,Gi'catMarlhi>routth-*trcct, Loudon,aud 13 , Rued c-Mail,
Paris, Maker* to her Majesty and the Priuco ami Princess of
Wales. CAUTION the Public rhat Pianofortes are being Sold
hearing the name of “ Envrd" winch nve not of their manu¬
facture. For information as to am licuticity apply at IN, Grout
Marlborough-st., where new Piano* can ho obtained from so tv.
17RARDS’ PIANOS. — COTTAGES, from
14 S<) guineas.
OBLIQUES, from sj guinea*.
GRANDS, from RS guinea*.
XfOORE and MOORE.—Pianos from Id} gs.
i'l to Mft iff. Organa from 7 g*. to wo g.*. ; Three-Years'
System, from in*. Gd.*p -"
uu and 1 ** 5 , Hi
... Mouth, or'‘Cash. Lists free.
iudiMpsuate-witliiu, I.oud»n K.(*
J.
ui'wird* of !«■ SECONDHAND (
S-|iiii*i' PIANOFORTES ami 1
makers, at exceptionally low
Uliaiuhcr, Chancel, i
I3LEYEL. WOLFF, and CO.’S PIANOS.
1- EVERY DESCRIPT!ON^KOK^BaLE OR HIRE.
V)
and CO.’S PIANOS AND
Senior Partner deceased.-Ah-oime sale
. Easy
THOMAS O E T Z M A N N arid C O.
A desire it to he uiosr distinctly niider*fo.iH that they arc
Pianoforte Manufacturer* only, amt that their only address la
WALNUT COTTAGE PIANOFORTE.
fullest coin piss of •even octaves, cheek action, iron
pi lie. panel front; warranted for ativ amouiu of wear draw¬
ing* free.-THOMAS OETZMANN and CO., 27 , Baker-street,
London, W. iexactly opposite tin* Baker-street Bazaar).
1*35 —Upright Iron GRAND PIANO, Seven
c** octaves, with bra.** pin-plate,, c.*j>ecinlly constructed for
Powerful tone. Exceptionally good and cheap. Designs sent
five. - THOMAS OETZMANN and CO.. 27, Baker-*!reel.
WEDDING and BIRTHDAY PRESENTS
* * at HENRY RODRIGUES', 42 , Piccadilly, London.
TRAVELLING DRESSING BAGS.Morocco, with Hall-marked
WRITING-TABLE SETS. JN OXIDIZED SILVER, CHINA,
amt POLISHED BRASS. f»,
•:« OK I Volt V BRUSHES.
DESPATCH BOXES.
““VELOPE CASKS.
INKSTANDS.
CANDLESTICKS.
liqueur cases'. '
PORTRAIT ALBUMS. i.c*t make, KN.Gd. Co £ 3 .
PROTOGRAPII FRAMES am! SCREENS, to hold 2 to 24
And a largo assort men t of NOVELTIES, from 5 *. to
RODRIGUES, 42, PICCADILLY, LONDON.
QOCKLE'S
^NTIBILIOUS
piLLS.
COCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
A-* VOIt LIVER.
pOCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR BILE.
COCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOB ISBIOF.STION.
QOCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR HEARTBURN.
■pLORILINE. For the Teeth and Breath.
Jr J* H«o heat Lhpild Dentifrice in the world : it thoroughly
cttsnntcs partially-decayed tcctli from all parasites or living
an 1 maloti*, leaving them pearly white, imparting a delight-
ini rragrance to the breath. The Fragrant Floriline remm ea
instantly all odour* arising from a foul stomach or tobacco
IT EATING'S POWDER.-Kills bugs, moths,
, v flea*, and nil insects <perfectly tinrirailed). Hnrmlcsa
.£L ( '.K ,,,in » r hut insects. Tins,fid. and I*.
worms IN CHILDREN aro caailv. surely. iu»d with
kkat,nV3 W0BM
A U G U S T— B ASK HOLIDAY.
&■*», U.ULWAY
"' n t'hcwi Saturday to Monday Tickets issnoi to or from
il(*ii *c.. and the seaside, Ac., on Salurdai Aug. 4 . will he
AiigH retl,ru 0,1 anj "U »«■! including Wednex-
pARIS.—SPECIAL CHEAP EXCURSION.
From London Bridge tt/jo n.m. and * lum. Victoria
iMdn.m. and 7 . 5 n p.ni.. Saturday, Aug. 4 .
nMuouyv rj.“" 1 -i.ri, .lity „„ ,0 Anv. ]; iuclusivc.
Faria-First (. lass, i-*.: Second Da.-i-t, «in.
JJRIGHTON —SATURDAY TO TUESDAY.
* , SRKI'.IAH HEAI’TRAINS. SATFRDAY. AF(i.J.t,„ia
' " onTAdd n !!*?nwd)^. 11 nl , J«t»«h*n: from
r *' N ‘V’ : fr.mi 1 Loiid‘ uIb" nl”e
PORTSMOUTH AND ISLK OF WIGHT
l> VY A I l “ U 4 AY f T ° ' V.-CIIE VP TRAINS. SATI’R-
Tue*iVt) ,> ’ IV
Through Ti
Train* to llyi
. 0 . “CHEAP DAY
igliioii. Lewi**. Ncwli.-n en,
, Worthing. Ilaiant. Port*.
IJANK HOLIDAY, AU(
Ea*t him rue. si. I.conar.u. Ha-lmu
month, South*ea, I*le of Wight. A,
( CRYSTAL PALACE.-FREQUENTTRAINS
, • DIRECT tothcCrysral Puhiee from l.ondmi Bridge. New.
* ro**,v tetonn, Keii«ingt»ui t Addison-mid;. Clapimin JiiuVtioii,
,as re«iiiiicd by ihuTrnm.-. ‘
BRIGHTON R ACKS. A I'G. 7 T^nd 0
LEWES RACKS. AUG. Pi ami i* *
V^PF.CIAL FAST TRAINS.—Frt
Halting*, Ka*l i .mu ue. fuuM .ilU Well*'";",,
Elation-., |.i Brighton and l.t-we- R i.a *. f...
Chi« lie*ter. Hor-hain. . t.. Rug|,i,.ji .
Fivp.ic ut extra train* from Brighton 1 >•
>ni London
I loti-rii'i-diale
n> l'ort*!imuth.
> Handbills, to be
•*•1 Mil re , liny *' Aivii.j, t'oi uinll; and Co.ikV Lndgalc ciivio
tllllve.
i By Orderi A. Svki.c. Serve!ary and t'.eneral Maiia-n r
GLASGOW EXHIBITION.”
SR3IMRR **«‘V W r L T^iN 1i BV T T,.C AVR.ST (’OAST
OUEAT EASTERN
KAIL W A Y.
MFlnivKl'i SKUVICF. F A AT
11 wu h. D*-i iti-.i ;rf. Ahh iMiigl
I. and FRIDAY Ml SATURDAY
adi.itloii.ii' i-'.-iNt Train* mil run
Wm. BinT.General Manager.
SUMMER TOURS IN SCOTLAND.
K 37 GLASGOW AND THE HIGHLANDS.
iRoyal It.mte i i.i Cr.iian and raled.-irat. c-iuaUA
The Royal Mail Steamer nil.l'MBA ..r H»NA, u.ih f
eng.TH o„lv, troll. GLASGOW ll;.,D ;,r 7 . a.m.. t
GREENOCK at ■« a.m.. in e..nnectmn wnh Ex pie-* Ti
/iRUISES TO THE BALTIC AND THE
V -4 M E HI TER R A N E 4 N.—The •.teain-.vaeht VICTOR IA. l*oi
* rcgi-tvr. I.V'hoj-e p-uer. R. D. LUNHA.M. (
STEAMERS to NORWAY, the BALTIC, the
O ORKNEY and SHETLAND ISLANDS. Deltuhifid and
7RESH AIR for POOR LONDON
rHIT.IIREN.-For tlio >n«U .mu of in.. «ul..criUr<l, a
or. mile-faced London child ran he Imardcd out for 14 day *
t lie country (431 la at ) ear: and 1 «J 7 during the laat Him)
-A STY LEM AS HERRING, Vicar of St. Paul'a.
l 1 kcuwclJ, 43 , Culehrookc-row, N.
GLASGOW International EXHIBITION ,
VJ „f INDUSTRY. SCIENCE, and ART
. Patron—Her M»-i Grienm* MAJKsrY Hie Vl HKN. 1
Won. Pr.*>nhm II.ILII. ihe PitlXCK ot W xl.Ks. K.G . K T.
P'CAlil. lit -S:r Arch. C. Cimp'.HI. f HJy tI i-om.mI. Halt.. M l*. |
MONTE CARLO
ill AS A SI.MMF.n Id-SORT
Fora summer May. Monte Carlo, adjacent to Monaco. i« ouo
Mediterranean «-.» r«Ki*t! The Pr,nn]«lity hi* a trop e'll
i o 'clation vet the summer hcnl 1 * amay* tvinKred by the
M-eze**.' The * eaeli 1 * e.»» vied with the »i*fte*t Kind . the
c» cry eunifort.jt* in some of our owiiV-u c.* of Mituiner re*i 1 c
** Momieo 1 * the only sen -1 at Inn: town .*n the Miditertai;. an
e-..i*t winch offer* to it- 1 i*it>.r 4 the wiuu- an.Mm tit.- a* tint
LHl.thlt-hm.ml* i n the hank* of theKl.im—Theatie.! ..lu. it*.
Theiv 1 *. perliai—. llo i..u n 111 tin not I.I llitil dll r»m|aie :n
the l-f-miy of a* pi..iti>>n u ith M.-nSe < 111 ... or in n* *|.< il
t i-uiiiat Miis and anmetioio.-tod only t.y ihefa'oiuvd clum.ie
ami i.y the ini iliuv »renery. hut nt*o t.y ihe faeilitie* of > > n>
W nd for relief 111 ea*c« of illnei*.* or di*ca«e, or for H e
t A*'a WINTKIC‘llEsORT. Monaco i.ccupJC* the tlr-t plneo
ano.iig the w nt'-r -tato.ii* on the M«diterianeaii *oa-h..i«..-r.
elegnit pleasure* it lia* to offer to it* enc*t*. wliteh mak«
it. to-ilay the rendezioioi of the itmfnernCc world, the »poi
most fre<im>iitvd by traveller* in Enrol*? j in *hoil, Monaco
and Monte Carlo enjoy a perpetual spring. Jloiite Carlo is
only thirty-two hours from London and forty mm me* from
GLASGOW International EXHIBITION. ■
'-I The lle-t Holiday Urogramm. . a T. ip 1 . Hot.,no
Kx)ii)iiiio|i.
The Only Inivnuitiiunl Kxh t.iii..n in Uni re,] King ’..>11 in :
lirt •i"' 1 " ''i' Dlace hi Kxiuhitn.u*'held'm Use.u 1
C 1 LASG 0 W International EXHIBITION. !
The imporcnuv of tin* Great Intermit■onul KxliiL'tn-n 1
may ho reih*o<l from the fart that vmv 11 wr« o|ctietl on
Dale*. o\ cr -.‘.i* «>,<<•. per **.t». hue pi-cl the Turn-tile*. j
^LASGOW Jntprnational EXHIBITION, i
' A Athni**io|i. Oi,i» Shilling.
SiK'ci il Cheap Kxi nr-ion* iinoliuling Adn'i^aion) from all
parr - of the Kingdom See Railway T.tne Bill*.
IV 11 .UAU M.cr m'isoiuu, H, A. nnn.F.v.
Secretary. Mail iger. j
ITALIAN E X II I B I T I O N,
Wv-i thompion, Earr*C.mrt. and Wc-t Ken*in.*ton.
HIS MAJESTY l*lVo K 1 XG of ITALY.
lUS ROYAL HIGHSKSS^h/cViiiwN TRINUE of JTAI.T.
john 'rV^’hVtleV. Eh.
Pl'C-ideiU of iln* Hreepi ion C <>111111 dice :
C T. G 0 T II A R D RAILWAY,
kI 7 SWITZERLAND.
The most direct, rap il. p.iiure-i|iie.ai;d dehglilfnl route to
Daly. F.xpic-s^ fr.>m l.ocenie to MiPuj in e^-ht Imtir*.
station, of Uu* Goihaid lorn. Thiougli-going sleej.ing-Cats
A IX-LES-BAINK. SAVOY. Thermal Station.
■sa. Most imjHirtAiit <>f Continental SulphuronnSm*. Eleven
hours from Pari*. Sciatica, gout, and catarrh of the pharynx,
larynx, and na*al |xis«iges cfllcacioniily treated. The most
celebrated doctors attcud this luxur.otisaml curative station.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
A THE GREAT SUCCESS OF t—.
.THE EXHIBITION OK THE YEAR.
ROME UN HEr'tIIE ESl'pEU*IR TITUS.
11 ., the • WILD WEST- ARENA. 1
M igndlv n* R«-pr>i>!ni iion of tho
ROMAN COLISEUM.
A IX-LES-BAINS. — Grand Hotel Europe.
One of the moat rouowuodand t>est conducted iu Europe.
Patroni-cd hy Royal Family. 3>*> sunny cliarni cr*. Relli,td
Hide. Large garden*; lawn-tenuis.—II kunamon, Propnetoi.
I T ALIA N E X 11 I III T I (1 X. ,
A ILLUMINATED G \RDKN Klin: EVERY EVENING.
NeaiK.ln.in M in>f..l:n!*:* ami S->ncru.-Singers, .laily.
IX-LES-BAINS. — Grand Ccrolc Casino.
T T A L I A N EXHIBITION.;
Admi.*.-e>n to the K.xh'iijtinn, Is. 0 ]H*nllto]i. |
IN DERM ATT, Switzerland.-—Hotel Belle
j*vr*»m* Miffcnug tu.m lunglilTi 'ti'on*!"' ,,C ' a,,<1 <,,r
Cunt.*(ix-Kr>* Ft.UAcil. Proprietor.
TRISH EXHIBITION. IN LONDON, 1 SMN. 1
* NOW OPEN.
QLYMPIA, KENSINGTON.
PRODUCTS am] MANUFACTURES „f IRELAND.
IRISH AIDS ami ANTIQUITIES.
w?!im d.f.'" - < ! Nl f
I> ADEN-BADEN.—Hotel Victoria. First
* * fla*.- Bi-ant fully -itu.Mtod. neare.-t the ('"in rrsa I i >-n
House am] Fmlenck*h!id. Sanitary arrangement* perfect.
Accommodation superior. Modvrat e charge*.
JEPHTHAH'S VOW. by EDWIN LONG.
- ■ : ■ .m ‘'Ai.n .VvYi'n;,
A.'li' n :, T,,1 'i ' •Y’! ; “V ;a - . ..''-'I' 1 '.' Ton to"Si'i.
TJIEPPE.— Hotel Royal, facing the sea.
Superior flrst-clasa house, worthily recommcmhd.
MvircM the *ea, the casino,and hathitig estahlishmeiit. Tal le
d hole. Open all the ymr. Lap.sonsxdx, Proj.r.
l^VIAN - LES - BAINS. Savoy. — Grand
Tj’HE V ALE , 01 ' TEARS -DOIlE S Last
i r.-arioii *ii|oun«. Bathing e*tah|i*hmcnl.
A tit honied hy the State aud Academy of Medicine, for goni,
hi or affeet 1011 s, &c. BebnaUD. Dnuclor.
" hi-oihci LI. -It 1 it.ime*. 1 - II I-'U *la:i> One -*l. Ilu.g.
r J’ H E N E W GALLERY,
Til. St M'ti lt EMtim'i r.'ix X.i'iv Iifl:\ f ... •• ...
1 .YCKUM T II E A T R K. - Sole Lessee.
M-. HENRY IRVING.
SATURDAY NEXT. At I., I. -,t -r., :,i „1 Every Enn:i.--.
% , Dlt ''ji.K) l.*l., ami MIL 'll y'dK
B-.x-.nic. . Mr. . 1 . Ilnr.i. n-.w Open Daily f.-.ui TEN D. FIVE.
11 er!-d°ga m V " 1 U ‘s ** *|. 1 Urnsion. Middle of laTge
r.t, a day. W nte for Prosp .111 s'to il kanSaj tkhi'in.‘ p'ropnetor!
/ J RAN D
HOTEL DU QUIRINAL,
ROME.
B. GI 7 UI.KMItriu, and t'O.
T AUSANNE.—Hotel Gibbon. View of Lake
A-J Geneva and Alp*. Splendid garden, shad\ terrace*. \/h« re
Gibbon wrote Jus Decline ami Fall of the* Roman Empire
Drainage Perfect. Fa\ uiirable tcnii.-.-Ewil.i: ltiTl Klt. Pr-.pi.
/ 1 II 0 C 0 L A T M E N I E It.
^ Awarded
AMSTERDAM »h-
RXlllBITKiN, l*- 3 . GR.\\|)
DIPLOMA OF HONOUR.
1 AUSANNE. -C. REHM. English and
American Chemist, 17 . Rnc St. Pierre.
Patent Medicine*. Hoimi-opathy, Mineral Water*.
English spoken.
/niOCOLAT MEN licit in } lb. aud i lb.
V-. y packets.
breakfast.
LUNCHEON amt SUPPER.
I UCERNE. — Steam-boat travelling on this
classical Lake is one of the principal pleasures of
ronnsts. 1 he saloon boats make eighteen knots, and bale
e’lmiTly ava'R iIde'ily ra 11 IlC * C!lunillt - Talde-d'hOte. Tickets
0 HOCOLAT MEN IE It.—A warded Twentj-
^ l f J’ 1 - M IC 1 *,
f UCERNE. Pension ftew Schweizerhaue.
-t A Comfortable English and American home, near IIohis
and Rail. Large garden. Extensive vtow* of Alps, lake, and
town. First medical recommendations. Pension, from six
rra,,c *. J 08 SPH Kort. Proprietor.
* '' l '
T U C E II N E.— Hotels Rchweizevhof and
-■A Liieernerliof. An extra Hour and two new lift* mined
to t he Schwei/..-r-hof. The electric light is supplied lit the J 0
looms ; no charge for light 11 .g .0 sen ice.
Hai sku Fukukr. Pr.'pnet.'is.
(JHOCOLAT MEN IE It. Paris.
Kciv' , v",it
j 8 -dd Evert-where.
IJBOWN A: pOLSOX S 0 OIIN pLOUIt
IS A WORLD-WIDE NECESSARY.
ATOM- DORE-LES-BAINS. Puy-dc-DOme.
ATI- Uitlrng L*i:il.|i*hu..tit l.voinm.'mh.l ter Brotolnt■*
at"l A*tJim:t. at-.. f..r Live.: spleen.aud Gout. There are eight
sept' e o'I .cr'-i 1 r In 1 de yn |’ ‘ l ° ,,ydcy * fSl ‘ :ls,,, b t*'
pROWN k pOLSON’S 0 OUN pLOUR
FOR THE NURSERY.
AIURREN. Sw-tzcrliuid.—Grand Hotel de»
Al|c*. Altitude. K-Viyrird*. One of t he m.i*t i.eaui iful
•pot* iu Switzerlaml. This lintel is just rebuilt in Mum.,
light in every room. 1 ! 1 d c n ce C «'f ^E itg i is ht'i't-iHu Mi 1 ' I 'aw n
tennis. Museum. Tclepliomccommunication with the Hotel
Stem bach, I.aiit erhr it linen.
JJROWN 4 c pOLSON’S QORN pLOUR
FOR THE FAMILY TABLE.
pROWN & pOLSON’S QORN pLOUR
FOR THE SICK-ROOM.
1 J 0 ME—Minerva Hotel. Healthful rosition,
Near Pantheon. Suisrior Table d'Hdte. franc* wine
mol tub'll. Arrangeii-eut* made nl i.nce* ivlaincM clicaier
llLiii other house*. Ktighsh -pokcti. Lift.—J. Sai ’v y. proj r .
g WITZ E RL A N D. -Th 7 Vitraau - Ripi
JJROWN 4 c pOLSON’S 0 ORN pLOUR
IIAS A WORLD-WIDE REPUTATION.
^HIRTS.—Patterns of new French Printed
ET Shirt itig« and Ox find Mat unit to ««l<Tt fr-nn. Six.Shirts
and One Duxen <>f C'dlar.* t" niatrli. for 33 -.,carriage paid.
U. FORD and CO., 41 , piuilivy, London.
r pHUN.—Hotel Pension Baumgartcn. situated
I'amuy hvitleC '.old u-pulalt»n m.-deiaic charge j* *'
inn » k. si .iw.nt. Uvojiri. tor.
CHIRTS.—FORD'S EUREKA SHIRTS.
kJ Special to Measuri*. .
4 <»s., 4 .%*., the half-dozen.
Illustrated Self-measure ji»*t.{roe.
R. FORD ftlid CO., 41 . Poultry, Loudon.
^UIUCH — Hotel Relle-Vue au Lac. First
American*. On the new bridge, and near the Lading of t he
boats. Fora long stay, eight franc* |»cr day. ^
CHIRTS—OLD SHIRTS Refronted. Wrist
kJ and Collar Banded, line Linen, Three for iK : Sujwrior.
7 .*. Oil.; Extra Fine. !»*. Returned ready for use.carriage pittl,
to ji„.ir door.- R. Foil 1 ) ami C 11 .. 4 I, I'o.ilO y, I.omh.n.
ypG ID I US — GENTLEMEN’S UNDER-
cheat: Pam* O. umt.-h.'fljto .V.' nai*t. Ve'i-.V*. fill. 0 . 'm,
ea. h : Pam*.‘M. t- .*-.m.: Half-H-we. -. 7 *. •«!..
MnknTs/R.'FuitD aijii'^'i'l'i!. Ih'ultry.' i.'i'tuh'n. r,H " ' K
ATALVERX IMPERIAL HOTEL. - Tho
Larce-t Hotel in Ihe di*lnet. Excellent Mtuamm.
Replete woh C'cry CMtnfort for families. |'r tale *i»nng-
|o..irH. Splendid view* of the Mali ern Range. Hj ci >al In.-it-
with Bnuv Bath*. Ikiths of every dc*ci;ptt«n. Moderate
charge*. Manage!, S. llnt.iuiMi.
JjAY FEVER CURED BY
TAR. DUNBAR'S ALKARAM. or
^ “ Anti-Caian h Sim lling-lh>tt 1 c.
^LKARAM. H AY FEVEK '
^LKARAM. JJAY FEVER.
J^LKARAM. JJAY FEVER.
JF inhaled on the first symptoms. ALKARAM
»!" 1 ™*-.Vr.‘l '"..1
cart i.f Mi-.ms, V. Nowl .r) oml 1 . Kick K.la.. 1 —... l-.r.
A DVICE TO MOTHERS.—Are vou broken
■*V in V">.r ic«t by a sick child. •Hireling with the |v»m of
cutting teeth 7 < 5 “ at once t.% a chctmat and get a bottle of
Mi*. WINSLOWS SOOTHING SYRUP. It will relicie the
po>>r mlfercr immediately ; it i« perfectly barnilc**; it pr*«-
dnee^ natural, >|inet sleep, by relieving the child from j-nsn ;
and ihc little cherni.awake* ‘a« hr.ght a*a l.iilc*»n.‘* Be *ere
and aak for Mr*. Win-tmv * Soothing Syrup, and »ee that
-cnrti* and Perkins. Now York and London,'* laon the out-nlc
wrapper. No in..r her should bcivithout it. Sold by all Mcdiciuc
Dealer*, at 1 *. I 4 d.
Nearly ready,
nPHE ILLUSTRATED PENNY ALMANACK
1 for litMi, containing Nmnerous Engraving* from the
It.i.ruTUATKii London N'kivk ; Table* of Stamp*, Taxe«,and
Liccnrea; Eclipses, Remark* hie Event*. Post-Office Rogu-
hitione, and a great variety of Utefui and Interening Inform-
ntion. The Trade anpnlied hy 0 . V'icKima, Angel-court ( 171 ),
Siraud : and 11 . W'iUiame, 48 , Old Bailey, London.
TXINNEFORDS FLUID MAGNESIA.
1 * The remedy for Acidity of the Stomach. Heart t urn.
Headache. G.mt. ami lmlige*li<m. an.l s.ife*t ain rient for
deltcaut cotmtitutioo*. Indies and children, of all Uhenn*l:,.
AUG. 4, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
LETTER-WRITING.
The art of letter-writing is most successful when the writer
forgets that it is an art. A number of fine qualities,
intellectual and moral, are needed in order to compose a good
lo»ter but they should bo exercised unconsciously. Any
laborious effort to siy fine things in corresjxmdence will
inevitably destroy its chirm. This was Pope's blunder. So
proud was he of the se:iriinents expressed in his letters, and of
his literary craft as a letter-writer, that in the effort to win
fame in this direction he missed the mark altogether, and lost
his character t > boor. So elaborate were the artifices to which
he resorted in order t» publish his letters that if his little
plots had not been unravelled it would be difficult to credit
them. And the result of all his trickery was failure.
Ills letters belong to the history of the time, and will there¬
fore be read by the student; hut how gladly will he turn
from them to those of Swift, who says in the simplest
language what ho has to say ! This was the great Dean's
forte in all his writings, and it is the special charm of his racy
correspondence, in which there is no visible sign of effort. He
was quite aware of bis friend Pope's “schemes of epistolary
fame.” and observes that when a letter is written with a view
to publication, it ceases to be a letter, and becomes a jru
tV esprit. Swift was too sensible to sin in this way, and thero
is no portion of the nineteen volumes which form his works
that can be read with such nnmixed pleasure as the letters
known as the “ Journal to Stella.”
It is the custom to praise the poet Gray as a letter-writer,
and. in some respects, with justice. “ His letters,” said Rogers,
“have for me an inexpressible charm; they are ns witty as
Walpole's, and have, what his want, true wisdom.” After
lately reading again the wliolo series of tbes:? letters, one
hundred and eighty-six in number (what did Mr. Matthew
Arnold mean by saying that Gray “ never spoke out” we
confess we cannot quite agree with Rogers's criticism. Some
passages, no doubt, are exquisitely tender ; some show, as all
readers know, a passion for Nature unusual at that period.
And yet Gray seldom lets you forget that he is a scholar first,
and a man afterwards. He does not unbend sufficiently.
Walpole's correspondence is more amnsing than Gray's, from
its variety. It is far fuller of matter, but without the poet's
refinement and grace. Any idle moments may be filled up
agreeably with Walpole, himself the greatest of literary
idlers; but we do not turn to Gray’s letters for pastime—a
word, by-the-way, about which Bishop Butler has some¬
thing serums to say in one of his famous sermons. Lord
Macaulay has hit the mark when he saj's that the charm of
Walpole's writings consists in the art of amusing without
exciting, and that he keeps the mind of the reader constantly
attentive and constantly entertained.
Of all the letter-writers of the last century Cowper stands
in the first place. The shyest and most retiring of men, living
in a rural village, and cut off from society by his painful
malady, wbeu he takes the pen in hand and writes to “Sister
Anne” or to his “dearest Coz.” Lady Hesketh, he becomes
the liveliest of companions. The humour of these letters is
only exceeded by their tenderness ; his “ divine chit-chat,” as
it has been called, makes us familiar with the man at once,
lie has no reserve now, and comes out bravely into the sun¬
shine as if ready to face the world. Never was poet more
blessed in his “womankind.” Mrs. Unwin possessed the solid
virtues and the most faithful affection. Lady Austen had the
vivacity of a Frenchwoman. “ She laughs and makes laugh,”
the poet wrote, “and keeps up a conversation without seem¬
ing to labour at it”; and Lady Hcsketh, his “pride and his
joy.” who is said to have been a brilliant beauty m her prune
Lid a true woman s heart for the poet, sympathising aUke m
his sorrows and in his gayer moments. W riting to her on one
occasion lie says. “ When I read your letters I hear you talk,
and I love talking letters dearly.” It was just such, letters
that Cowper wrote in his happiest moments, with bis heart in
every lino of them. They are full of a delightful humour,
reminding ns that the writer was the author of ” John Gilpin,
and are occasionally shadowed by the pathos that has its
deepest expression in “The Castaway.”
It will be remembered that Cowper and Burns were con¬
temporaries. The classical scholar, when he wrote in prose,
used far simpler lauguage than the immortal ploughman. In
pure English verse Burns is rarely seen at his best, but in
letter-writing lie appears to labour at every line. Thus, xn
one of his amatory epistles lo Mrs. Maclehose. he writes :—
“ O, Clarinda. shall we not meet in a state, some yet un¬
known state, of being where the lavish hand of plenty shall
minister to the highest wish of benevolence, and where the
chill north-wind of prudence shall never blow over the flowery
field of enjoyment” And many a passage might be quoted
from the poet's letters equally high-flown and ridicnlous.
Charles Lamb stands first among the letter-writers of our
century. The greatest essayist of the age, his correspondence
is very nearly as delightful as his essays. His humour is
broader and richer than Cowpcr’s. and he gives way at times
to the wildest extravagances and “ fibs ” to an extent that
would have shocked the recluse of Olney. There is a
Christmas-Day letter to his friend Manning that is quite a
masterpiece in this way. To Manning, indeed, a man of
learning and mathematics, and sober as such a man should be,
Lamb writes in a madcap spirit of mirth. There is something
in contrariety. Even undertakers have their jokes. Elia
cannot restrain his when he is writing to Wordsworth, who,
if he had been blessed with humour, would have lieen better
able to distinguish simplicity from childishness. Wordsworth's
letters, though weighty, arc just a little dull; not so Southey's,
who writes his character upon every page of his immense
correspondence, and relates, far better than his biographeis
can, the story of his life.
In literature, as in life, women, when they do not claim
equality with men, often show that they are superior. They
are generally better letter-writers from their playfulness and
ease and truth to Nature. Wc can believe, too—though, un¬
fortunately, one's personal experience in this way is limited—
that their love-letters arc delightful. This assuredly is not
too high praise to give to the charming letters written by
Dorothy Osborne to Sir William Temple two centuries ago.
We are inclined to doubt a little whether Sir William was
quite worthy of such love ; but perhaps no man is altogether
worthy of a good woman's affection, and it is to his credit that
he appears to have loved Dorothy as much after the ravages
of the smallpox as when she was in the pride of her beauty.
Between Dorothy Osborne and Jane Carlyle there is no point
of semblance, save that both women were good letter-writers,
and in those hours—infrequent it is to be hoped—when one
feels inclined to kick at life, and even to satirise friends, what
better book can be taken up than “ Mrs. Carlyle's Letters.”
They make one believe that, with the pen as with the voice,
she was a match for her husband. To print snch letters,
written to a confidential friend, was a crying outrage. The
public blamed the naughty act, but they read the letters, and,
considering how frail human nature is, are hardly to be blamed
for doing so. Is it wrong to profit just a little by a neighbour’s
faults.’ ’ J. D.
art magazines.
The Magazine of Art for the current month opens with
another paper on the “Language of Line," by Mr. Walter
Crane, illustrated with many beautiful examples of the work
of that eminent designer, w ho has always done so much to
raise the handicraftsman to the level of an artist. Miss Mabel
Robinson contributes an account of that munificent art-patron
and brilliant Homan Emperor, Hadrian, whese many r.r.U
remarkable gifts have won him a conspicuous place in the
pages of history, and who must always be an interesting per¬
sonality to artists as the friend of Antinous, the deified type
of young male beauty. Mr. Henry Herman lias written an
interesting paper on “Art in the Theatre." in which he
criticises in most emphatic terms the sacrifices of archaeolog¬
ical truth to spectacular effect, to be seen at our best-managed
theatres. Contemporary art is represented by Mr. Claude
Phillipa's article on the Paris Salon, illustrated by engravings
after Bouguerean, Collin, Dagnan - Bonveret, and Adam ;
and the frontispiece to the magazine is a photogravure
of a particularly beautiful picture by Gustave Courtois,
one of the most successful of M. Geromo’s pupils,
representing the Virgin with tho Infant in her arms,
the strong grave face of the mother contrasting wonderfully
with the childish happy one pressed close to hers.
In the Art Journal of August Mr. Prideaux carries the
reader with him and his camera tip the Thames, from Lceli-
lade to Oxford, pointing ont on the way the many beauties of
the lovely river. Mr. Lewis Hind introduces ns to a very
different—though, in its way. equally picturesque—neighbour¬
hood, Christ's Hospital, in Xcwgate-street, where, a hundred
years ago, Coleridge, Lamb, and Leigh Hunt wore the enrions
coat and yellow stockings of the Blue-Coat boys. Notes on
“Japan and its Art Wares” are continued from last month by
Mr. Marcus B. Iluish; and Mr. P. Villars continues bis “ Tour
of a Foreign Artist and Author in England,” the friends
having now reached the historic and picturesque city of York.
The Lord Mayor opened the Fire Rescue Exhibition, Port-
man Rooms, Baker-street, on July HU.
Sir John W. Reid has been awarded the good-service pension
of one hundred pounds a year for Inspector-General, in the
room of the late Inspector-General Domville.
Prize-day on H.M.S. Worcester, on July 27, proved an
exceptionally interesting occasion. The cadets were honoured
by the presence of Captain J. S. Webb, the Deputy-Master of
the Trinity Honse. and from his hand received the valuable
prizes which had been awarded them, and. at the same time,
words of counsel and encouragement, which, it is hoped, they
will not willingly let die. Sir G. II. Chambers presided.
Cadet Adley received the Queen's Gold Medal annually
awarded to the Worcester cadet likely to make the finest
sailor, and he also received the valuable sextant presented by
the Elder Brethren of the Trinity Honse to the winner of the
Queen's prize. The gold watch annually presented by the
P. and 0. Company to the cadet standing second in the gold-
medal competition, was awarded to II. C. Robinson. Cadet
Metcalfe received the Naval Cadetship given by the Admiralty,
and he also was presented with a handsome binocular-glass
awarded by the Queen, and £H.7. A second Naval Cadetship
was specially granted this year to Percival Jones. Lady
Florence Dixie presented her own prize of £1U to Cadet Mead
for general smartness. It was enclosed in a silver case in the
form of a medal. Congratulatory addresses were given by
several of the visitors.
MAPLE and CO., Manufacturers of
III.NI.'JO-ltOOM Fl'lt.MTt'rti:. The hired mt.
mont to choose from, n* well a* the lies! |>mll>|p value.
Throe more house* have Just been added to tills iin|tortnnt
de|iarimeiit, Half a century's reputation.
MAPLE and CO.’S NEW SPECIMEN
DINING-ROOMS,decorated hid) fully appointed with
furniture In jiollnrd oak, brown oak. Chipjiendiilc mahogany,
nutiqitc curved nuk, American walnut, ami other woods are
now open to the public, and should be seen by all intending
•THESE ROOMS are not only helpful as
showing the effect of the furniture when arranged in an
up-miiK-nt. but :iK«! UPs-t MUfgi-tivc as ivL~.ir.ls ib <-<ir:iti\<>
treatment, an well as a guide to the entire cost of furnlshiug
In any selected style.
THE SEVILLE LAD.’S EASY CHAIR,
In Saddlebag* of rich Persian design and colouring*, mounted
on velvet. C3 15*.
DINING-ROOM FURNITURE.
MAPLE and CO. devote special attention
the pro Diction of hlgh-rlns* I>ININO-ROO.M
KntSrmiK that will afford f«r»mnoiit satisfaction in
wear. The iiimicrotH recoinuieudatloll* with which Messrs.
Maple mil To. have been favoured by cu-iomei* who have
used the furniture for yen in Is a plea dug testimony U> tho
excellence of the article*.
/[ APLE and CO. DINING-ROOM
rA SUITES. -The UHIKIKI.I* SlUT.. in solid oak.
ilnnt. or mahogany, consisting of six small and twnellmw
air- In leather, dining table with |Kitc»t screw, nl.-o Early
igildi sideboard with plate glass back; and lit ted with
llatvt. 16 guineas.
/TAPLE and CO—DINING-ROOM
Slll'l.s. The ST A FIT 111 II SI'ITK. e>4B|irfailie *lx
nil chain., i».i uuy chain In leather. M,-.x,|v .lnniiv
l.le -I.l. l-.ai l with pink) KliUU b..- k and cellaret, and dinner
nr ash; v
V sllb.-Ldilial
’URNITURE for exportation.
rlSITORS as weU os MERCHANTS aro
ISVITKn W INSPECT the target FITINISHISO
ITABLISHMkNT In the world. Hundred, of rhoiiMind,
Pound,' worth of Fnmllure, Bcd,lend«, Oirpet* Curtain*.
laatsstt aswsas
rv cmnttal when (food, are for exportation «o it* to Injure
----in of half o century.
MAPLE & CO
TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD, LONDON, W.
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
Ap|Kiintmeiit to her Majesty the queen. The system
of business Is as estahlLdiol fifty years ago— namely, small
prollts on large returns for net cash. Acres of show-room*
for the display of liivt-class iinnufnctnred furniture.
MAPLE'S FURNISHING STORES are
tlie lariM-t in the world, and one of the sights of
I .oil-loll. Acres of show-room.-. The highest class of furni¬
ture. carjH ts. and curtain materials. Novelties every day
from all parts of the glolio. Half a century's reputation.
THE SEVILLE SUITE IN SADDLEBAGS AND VELVET.
THE SEVILLE SETTEE, Persian Design and Coverings, mounted on
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by TT UNDREDS of THOUSANDS of
Special Appointment to Her Rnjcaty the queen. ** POUNDS’ WORTH of Manufactured ROODS
Tho reputation of half a century. K*ct<ine*: Hcaiimont. ready for Immediate delivery. All Good* marked in
place, Kuatott-ciMK): SouthaniptMii-buildtng*, Liverpool- plain figure* for not caah-a system established M>
rood { Park-street, lilingtou. years.
MAPLE & CO., London, Paris, Smyrna, & 134, Calle Florida, Buenos Ayres.
THE SEVILLE CENT.’S EASY CHAIR,
in .S'lddh lwv ,ut rich ivrxlnu ilclim and colourings, mounted
on velvet, £6 Ion.
BED-ROOM SUITES.
gOO IN STOCK.
M Ap EE and CO- BED-ROOM SUITES.
A The WHITBY slTTK, In solid m-h «r 'vnhmt
consisting of wardrobe with platc-glns* «|m»r, toilet unite
with glass affixed, washstatid with nim ble top and tile baric,
pedestal cupboard, and three chairs, £IV 15*. Illustration
MAPLE and CO.- BED-ROOM SUITES.
■ LA The StARBOKOrtiH SflTK. In wild ash or walnut,
including wardrobe with plate-glass doors, and new~*hnj*u
washstaml, .CIS 15s.; or. with Instead and spring bedding,
£17 IDs. Designs ami full jJUtfcilInrs free.
JJAPLE and CO.-BEDSTEADS.
MAPLE and CO. have seldom less than
Ten Thousand IIKIISTKADS In Meek. tomwtaln*
nunc duo various pattern,. In sires from 2 ft. 6 In. to 6 ft.« » •
wide, ready for Immediate <lellreiy-on tho .lay of pnrehore.
If desired. The dbappolntment and delay Incident io elwreWf
from design* only, where but a limited stock Is kept, is t
POSTAL ORDER DEPARTMENT
r Messrs. MAPLE nnd CO. mllv l>£
this department Is now *o organised that they .j*.
pared to execute nnd supply any article that can D ]i J
Squired in Furnishing, at tho same prtee. If wot J*.™"
any other house In England. Pattern* sent and quotww
given free of charge.
THE LARGEST AN*I) MOST CONVENIENT
FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENT
3N THE WORLD,
JNDIAN CARPETS.
INDIAN CARPETS AT
nil'.UlTllliS- I'KM IIS. V Wi t. -n*r • n I'.v,
•pURKEY CARPETS.
_A_ TURKEY CARPET is, above
MAPLE and CO. have also a great
number of really fine Indian t'nnH-. m. a-i'i itu.'
about 12 ft. by lift., vhu b they arc ••IT.-i in at tli«- l>>\v
priro of 7 guinea*. a* well a- a varied iiasoitiid’Iil of
other *izr»»t pnqmrt innate price*
PERSIAN CARPETS AT
A IMPORTERS'PUU’KS. - All iI i.'m* L-..*>il-arc b-.r.u-bt
by MAPLE and t’O.’S Airriu* in iVr-ia. and —M at
Im|M»riers' Prices, lint* Nivuur puirbascj-s of Persian
faris tA at least two micriiicdtale i'i<itU.A.
TO BUYERS of ORIENTAL
CAUPKTS. - MAPI.R and I'D. rIter c ■v«-ci.to.iial
facilities robin, i s„f ORIKNTAI. r.Xl’.PKTs. Thru..
arc .winLiicl in warc-rmitii!*. I'lmri' u ■•t>■' ball
a hundred feet lomr. su rlmf t|u- \ < r> larm-st carpet.' call
he fully displayed and umnitely oxamim d.
TURKEY CARPETS AT
x IMPORTKItS’ PRU KS. MAI'f.E and CO. arc not
only iln- Urgest lmp..,l.i- -.f TURKEY CARPETS,
bin. having a Hr.iiich lion-.- at Siiqriui, with Agency m
MAPLE and CO.—PARQUETERIE
MAPLE and CO —PARQUETERIE
rnIN<: f.,r I'iimir. IllMeinl, ..r SmukinK
It11.>in a I-ti for IUII-r>«'ttis, Public flails, Vu<(ibult-s.n*
well f>>r smrrimuds t.» central carficts. Maple and Co.
aro now -dowim.- all the New liesiKU* and Coiiibibaiiou*
MAPLE and CO., Timber Merchants and
X ■*" >lln i-t imp"i t' i - «»f i li>- Jiui'.'l \Y .Maimf.'iftunrs
of niniiig-UiMiui and other Kiiniiturc by Mcuni |*»wcr and
improvcl iiiachimiy. Tottiidmni-court-road. Kurlorlce:
Iteuiimoni - pl;i<'«’. I tisloii-ioad ; Southaiupuiu - building* ;
>n; &c.
AUG. 4, 1888
UMBREL LAS"
/ SEE THISTNAMEISOfT N
;EVERY UMBRELLA I FRAME YOU BUY
SJgx&«C9limiD
Patentees &sole
^TERL IHG Tm^ROVEME NTS »TUMBRELLA FMMES^I
KyETlEiD ^
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
ANNUAL SUMMER SALE.
N ow PROCEEDING.
gILKS,
DRESSES,
MANTI.ES, COSTUMES, DHAPEUY, ic.
Q00 Pieces COLOURED^MOIRE
FKAXCAISE . . . „
m Pieces COLOUltED BROCADED SATINS ’
suitable for Ton Gowns, very riel, ,*,■ yard 0 4 a
Extra riel, BROCADES, suitable for Conrt
Trains an.! Bridal wear .. .. |1C1 . van , 0
500 CASHMERE an,I MERINO SILK EM-
BROIDKRED ROBES, In Black, Browns,
Navy Greys, Bronze, &c„ with double quantity
of wide Embroidery. 0JU ,|, , s e
J25 SILK COSTUMES, in various
shades, loss .than half price. Including
dSo'cOSTrME^of °var,ouV Plain nml Fancy ^ 2 #
MnterLnls, nlso Braided (,'loih usual nriro
39 b. Gd. to G3 a. .. ’ ' ‘ 1
Z «™* R LAWS COSTUMES, ',»l„ TO i fro " 1 0
»M SAILOR COSTUMES, Print Cost,,rae, S nnd ° ” “
Joncyg, Ditto, usual price, 9 b. GiI. to I5s. 0 3 n
K50 BLACK PEAU DU SOIE
PLUSH MOIRE, STRIPED SILK ’
BEADED, GRENADINE, „nd LACE
MANTLES, In numerous designs, JmnU-
somcly trimmed jet and lace, of exceptional
vahie, former price, 2 to 6 guineas, reduced to
475 PELERINES. CAPES, PICHUs"“ n ^ ** 3 °
SHORT DRESSY MANTLES, Block and
Colour., In combination of Silk and Jet, laiec
and Jot, Velvet and Jet, ninl many new and
effective designs, original prices, from 1 to
5 guineas, reduced to .. 9( ,
3*" BLACK CLOTH MANTLES and VLSITES
trimmed Lace and Jet, original prices 2 to
6 guineas, reduced to .. 29s.6d.to 4 4 o
pETER ROBINSON^ Oxford-st.
ROBINSON and CLEAVER S
CAMBRIC POCKET
HANDKERCHIEFS.
(Willie* and __
A ' Hi A piwIntinenL
LADIES’ DRESSES.
new Patterns free.
SPEARMAN
-A.iTx>
spearman,
EXQUISITE dress materials
ROYAL NAVY SERGES
Orders ore Carrii.ep Pii.i . ....,
go lU ’ nna n «y length U cut.
These beautiful Goods nrc <tiin>lin.i
themselves not throu"h a *ni»i»llr<1 to Ladies
° Agents or Drapers.
o«w,. BUY DIRect from
SPEARMAN add SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH, DEVON.
THE BEAUTY OF THE SKIN
enhanced ny
POUDRE D'AMOUR
PH E PAP, ED By P ™ U r «' ERES
149
ellimans
EACH
sioacm
^EMBROCATION
tLUMANSjJNjVERSAL EMRRGGatio^
RHEUMATISI\TlUMBA
SPR
NS
jSo gETHRg^^COLD-^TiVFHESs IfKl
Prepared 3nly by El LI M A N S0H srr.?TsiT^7n p
»innire and
"I-.I |, • Ml
WOVEN DEN and SONS,
W * ; a,,u 9I * 93 - City-road, E.C., I
MAPPIN & WEBB’S TRAmtiN0 BAGSjORESSING c/ists I
ILLUSTRATED bag CAT VT Oft rr ,v 111 ^ ^ tap ro , e ™„t..
OmrrT IATALOGUE (\o. 2) POST-FREE.
F ."ii’l/a?:. illustrated bag catalog
—rqbinsow & cleaver,Belfast: OXFORD-STREE T. W.; POULTRY
S'?
aswwa
Umbr 'lia. greater Neatness to tho
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu-
thni'n 1 ’? the Sfceel s P ee ially lor all
J,?, 6 r -a fralnes and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at
merely nominal nm™ Y,7.^ ty ._,r a L a
--— -- rOULTRY (-gr), CITY. LONDON. I morHy nominal price
STREETER & CO., Goldsmiths
importers of precious stones, pearls, and gems
is, KTEW BOINTO-STREET, LONDON W
THE only jewellers whose stock consists of one uniform quality OF COLD — VIZ 18-carat
STREETERS’
diamond ornaments,
Froni 10 Guineas to 10,000 Guineas,
"r Surpassed for elegance of design,
They V ° W ° rkmanshi P- and Perfect setting.
BriLr 8,1 LOnd ° n mad6 > aPd th-
Bnlliams are white and properly cut.
STREETERS’
RUBIES and SAPPHIRES,
Direct from tire Surma h Mines, thus
aT^anT PUbliC l ° th *“ Sto ^ s
PEARLS
Of the finest quality direct from their own
Pearling Fleet.
established ray ra» r E 1bn or ^ EO r & b
WORKS BY
i Edwin W. Streeter, f.r.g.s., m.a.i.
hi.
“ PRECIOUS STONES AND GEMS."
Illustrated. Jth Edition.
Cloth, 15s.
“ GEEAT DIAMONDS OF THE WORLD.”
2nd Edition.
Cloth, 7s. (id. — Calf, 1 2s, Gd.
"PEARLS AND PEARLING LII
Illustrated. Just Out.
Cloth. 12s. Gd. — Calf, 21s.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE SILENT MEMBER.
’.ho Princo of Wales entered the House of Lords on the
t wenty-seventh of July in time to hear the lively debate on a
matter which has caused much vexation of spirit. The
difficulty of finding a substitute for Wimbledon Common as
the site of our national rifle meeting is essentially a question,
for the impartial consideration of which a "cross-bench
mind” is indispensable. Vet it so happened that next the
Prince on the front cross-bench sat the Duke of Cambridge,
the personage principally interested ; whilst that devoted
champion of the Volunteers, the Earl of Wemyss. was in a
white heat on the bench behind the Cotnmander-in-Chicf.
Hence so much of the " cross-benoh mind ” as found expression
on this occasion was manifestly prejudiced. .
Our crack-shots are quitting Wimbledon with extreme
regret. There is no doubt on that point. To allay the
irritation occasioned by the order to “ move on.” the Govern¬
ment would do well to incur no delay in deciding upon the
fresh site. Residents in or near Richmond, and the com¬
paratively few who delight in the picturesqueness of Rich¬
mond Park, arc naturally up in arms against the proposal of
Lord Wantage and the National Rifle Association to set up
targets even in the most secluded portion of the park near
Roeharapton. I have enjoyed many a pleasant ramble in the
comer of the park it is desired to set apart for the Volunteers
for a very few weeks in the year, and I must confess, much
tliongh 1 might regret being deprived even fora short interval
of a favourite walk, the part reaching from the Robin Hood
gat' to Rochampton gat? is so little used that the public
would suffer next to no loss by its temporary occupa¬
tion by the National Rifle Association in July, together
with the private enclosure Lord Wantage referred to.
The Duke of Cambridge resolutely set his face against the
retention of Wimbledon and the removal to Richmond Park,
on the score of public danger; but frankly added, with re¬
gard to Wimbledon, he did not sec why he should not look
after his own interests. In view of the rapid growth of the
suburbs, he recommended the riflemen to go further a-field.
Lord Wemyss dwelt on the desirability of choosing a ground
near London. The Marquis of Salisbury, in his reply, seemed
to discountenance the Richmond project; but said it was for
the Government, not the noble Duke, to settle the point at
issue. It is earnestly to be hoped the matter will be decided
promptly, and with a dno regard to the manifest desire of the
majority of our marksmen ns conveyed through the medium of
the National Rifle Association, whose valuable services were
deservedly recognised by the Prime Minister.
The chief Ministerial measure of the Session, a monument
of Mr. Ritchie's skill as an administrator and a legislator,
has reached the House of Lords, and met. save for one
remarkable exception, with general approval. Lord Balfour of
Burleigh, in moving the second reading on the lhirty-ftrst of
July gave a lucid explanation of its scope. As the noble
Lord remarked, it is to be hoped the functions of the new
County Councils will bo recognised by everyone as dnties
which the ablest men in the community may be proud to
perform. It was in the diligent performance of such public
/mictions, he it remembered, that Mr. Chamberlain acquired
those high administrative and debating faculties which dis¬
tinguish him. To the Earl of Carnarvon, of all persons in the
world—to the ex-Viceroy who lent a not unfavourable car
unto Mr. Parnell's views on Irish local self-government—
was it left to carp at this liberal measure of the Government
for granting County Councils to England and Males. Lord
Carnarvon's potty objections, however, were easily removed by
Lord Salisbury, who would not for a moment acknowledge
they were rolling in a vehicle downhill, with the reins hanging
about the heels of tho horses. The noble Marquis believed tho
gentry would maintain their legitimate high standing in the
councils, and that an improvement in the management of local
affairs might be reasonably anticipated. The Bill was read the
second time. Its progress through the remaining stages will,
doubtless, be proportionately quick. Tho Prime Minister and
the Lords believe in dispatch. Would that tho Commons did
likewise .'
The harassed and careworn Leader of the Lower House
needs a period of rest and recreation more than many members.
Mr. M’. H. Smith has reason to complain of personal worry and
pertinacious baiting. To him the proposed adjournment at tho
close of the week ending the Eleventh of August must be par-
t icularly welcome. Whether by rigid economy of time at the
commencement of the Session the reassembling in November
for an Autumn Session might not have been avoided is best
known to the right hon. gentleman.
Personalities in abundance have cropped up in tho conrse of
tho heatcl debates on the Commission to inquire into tbo
accuracy or inaccuracy of the momentous charges of con¬
trivance at murder contained in the Timin' pamphlet on
*■ Pamellism and Crime.” Mr. Sexton's motion, cn the Thirtieth
of July, that the number of Judges should be increased from
throe to live, was negatived, but only by a narrow' majority.
The names of Sir James Hannen and Mr. Justice A. L.
Smith were accepted without a dissentient voice. But
strong exception was taken to Mr. Justice Day's appointment
on the Commission : Mr. John Morley barbing his shaft by a
passage from a letter sent him by a Mr. Adams to the effect
that, •• Mr. Justice Day is a man of the seventeenth century, a
Catholic strong as Torquemada, a Tory of the old high-ilyer
and non-juror type. ... He nightly railed against Parnell
and his friends. He regards them as infidels and ‘Reds’
who have led astray the Catholic nation," kc. Dis¬
cussion on this point waxed very hot, Mr. Gladstono
strongly objected to the appointment, as did Mr. Parnell; but
the Government defended it, and the name of Mr. Justice Day
was retained by a majority of 89. Mr. Parnell, later in the
evening, accused Mr. Chamberlain of making use of the Irish
Party on his entrance into the House to serve his own ends
and of betraying Cabinet secrets when he became a Minister!
Mr. T. P. O’Connor capped this by calling the right hon!
gentleman, “ Jndas Chamberlain,” a term which he withdrew
by direction of the Chairman. From the answer Mr. Chamberlain
made to Mr. Pamell the following evening—the right hon.
member for West Birmingham preservinghischaracteristiccalm-
ness throughout—it was clear that Mr. Chamberlain had an inter¬
view with Jfr. Parnell on the morrow of the lamentable
Phoenix Park assassinations, and also held communications
with him in 1885 concerning the projected National Council
in Dublin. But there appeared to be nothing at all under¬
hand, as alleged, in these communications. As for the
determined contention of Mr. Parnell that the allegations
against him and his colleagues should be clearly defined
and restricted to criminal charges, and not be allowed to
ramble over the political question, the Ministry firmly resisted
the limitation, as being likely to hinder the elicitation of the
full truth. Bnt the Judges on the Royal Commission will,
no doubt, exercise their own common-sense on this debateable
point.
BIRTH.
On July 26, at Mount Felix, Walton-an-Thamc*. the wife ot the late
Walter Herbert Ingrain, ot 11, 8l (icorge's-place, 8.W., of a (laughter.
MARRIAGE.
On July 25. at St. Michael's parish chnrch. Arlcedon, Cumberland, by tbo
Uev. W. F. Ives. Vicar, asstsled by the Kev. lllehard Taylor, Vicar of
Brnntflelri, Joseph Hugh, second son of Henry Jefferson, of Spr'ngllelil,
J.p. and D.J, cumlicrlnnd. to Elisabeth Ann, only daughter ot the late
Thomas Dixon, ot Khcda, J.r. Cumberland.
DEATHS.
On July 2J, at Vienna, Margaret Turner Info Rollandl, widow of Thomas
Marriott Tatlock, aged 75 years. Friends please accept this intimation.
On July 27. suddenly, at Bushey, Herts, Lorenz Hetkomcr, <(eleven
father of Professor Hubert Kcrkotner, In Ills 74th year. Friends please
accept this, the only lntlmntion.
On Friday. July 27. 1(88, at 25. Argyll-road, Kensington. Lnndcn, IV..
Ann, wife of Alexander John Ellis, Esq.. F.R.S., F.S.A., of Broolilnnds,
r ARB and DOWNEY'S NEW BOOKS.
VEW NOVELS AT ALL LIBRARIES.
TO INSURERS AND INVESTORS.
Y7HAT IS YOUR CREST and WIIAT
THE REBEL ROSE.
JOW TO SELECT
r A C M I L LAN'S
TUB XRW NOVELS AT THE LIURAItlBS.
PRANK BARRETT'S NEW NOVEL. “A
I RBCOII.IXU VENGEANCE," ■ rcruly lids dst at all
Lil’ianciaad Buok.-clloc.in r (ole with ninner.m- llttislra-
1> ASHE KING'S ('BASIL'S") NEW
Ik- NOVEL, “A LEAL Lass" i» now ready at all I
Libraries. lit - ml*.
M rs. crokers new romance of
ANlil.o-TNIltAN LIFE, “DIANA BAItBISHTOX," l>
M ISS IRELAND - BLACKBURN'S NEW
NOVEL '■ IN OPPOSITION," is Iww ready at all (lie
M RS. RUMBOLD'S SECRET. By Mrs. I
MAeqeofO. da.
JDLE TALES. By Mrs. RIDDELL. Gs.
ROBERT HOLT. By Miss LINSKILL. ('.■•.
H andsome jack. By james
GREENWOOD, sa.
rjAHE CHEQUERS. By J. RUNCIMAN. 2s.
i TERRBILE LEGACY. By 0. W. i
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Wabb ami Doirxxv. It, Yurt-urcot.t'. ivcnt-gnr .lfa, Lotmen.
1 MORE EXCELLENT WAY. By j
zA CONSTANCE HOWELL, crown *vi», 6*.
I! * '•»pr™ > el7clc?ir. It i. dim
nitmahrd >0 « clean,r»« and
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'of SKttia-M'a te-ara.iu .ellaa
mtblKtr.iiigb.c.imrooo, will be recognised by oar London
but rather hootoroaC-SrOirdar
'' swan. s..wrsecn»l>. and Pit- Patcrnosler-anaarc.
,'jV'p jJ’o'rYI sT’ PSA IMS. With
1. • nr hr post for 13 stamps,
TOSE AND THROAT DISEASES.
S 0SE A SynEs...GEM,.;.RE .
X A. rsF asESOFINFANTS AND CHILDKEN.
."iWinwilW -. *0d *"• tl.re.vll.e -
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/ 'ANCER» g .Kiw*ww.JUL |
V DlsPSItsSb are, S.raod, »
7JMIE SPIRITUALISTIC WEEKLY PRESS.
¥ IGHT. A Journal of Psychical. Occult.
■ i :iinl My*! nil Ilcsd’H'cli. Sixteen purr* wurkly. I'riee -’<1.,
pust.frtv, 7j«l. office, to. ('inioii-iircii. t'lrtriiwei'fii*, W.f.
rPHE TWO WORLDS. A Journal devoted
I- to Sp:ri1iin1i*lti. Occult Sc ene-, Klines, nnrt |lcf.,n> .
Ij.SmitluHfiptoc-rou. HoMtorn. W.C.
rpHE BANNER OF LIGHT. The Oldest
, i Sj-if.tU'.l III ilie W.trill. Published l.y M> *-r*.
/ 'HEQUEBANKCLimitecO. Established J873.
V Agents m nil is»n* of ilu-w.-rld.
3,Geurge->ard, Lonihard-atrcet, Pity.
THE
“LOUIS”
VELVETEEN.
Every yard bears the name “LOUIS,” and
the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
qnality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
should write for Samples of the New Shades
to THOS. WALLIS and CO., Holborn-circus,
London, E.C., who supply all shades and all
qualities at most reasonable prices.
COOLS THE FACE AND HANDS DURING SUMMER
v PRODUCES SOFT. FAIR &■ DELICATE SKIN
I. SH AI m\ n>- Lord Coleridge.
IIK AU.MADA. Bjr It e line I [ It odd.
TOCK. Hjr Waller Paler. (To Lo
VIII. CKKS.SY. By Brel Bane. Chapter* I.—II.
IX. TRANSLATIONS FltOM Bolt ACE. By Ofclln.
X. ON SOME ^LKTTKBS OF KKATS^ ^By Sidney Colvin.
THE MATRIMONIAL HERALD and
I FASHIONABLE MAUUIAGK GAZETTE is llio original
And only recognised iiieditim for Iligti-cla«s Introduction*.
SEASIDE WATERING PLACES. - The
TOWLE’S PENNYROYAL and STEEL
I PILLS for FEMALES. Sold in Boxes, l*.I|d. and 2». W..
ibe LlNCOLNand M wIaV !> COL” NTI jift DREG CO* Lincoln.
LX OLLOWAY’S PILLS and OINTMENT.
II Tbe l’ills purify tbe blood, correct nil disorders of the
liver, si(iHindi, kidneys, and bowels. Tin* Ointment is un¬
rivalled in tbe cure of had legs,old woiinds.gout.rlieumatiMii.
o' ; -PREVENTS AND ^REMOVES FRECKLES TAN,‘
Y SUNBURN REDNESS AND ROUGHNESS OF THE SKIN \|
VBWIRANTED FREE FROM LEAD OR MINERAL POISONS. BOTTLES 4/c- HALF BOTTLES 2/t
- SV£RTONE aHOUnD TRY
PERRYIAN PLANISHED
POINTED PENS.
Th'-v are 6lmply induction for llwse |tcr*on« erlm
wri-'e rapidly. It i< Jilmwit impossible to make them
stick in Hie i«fi|n*r, spurt or blot. and they do not ,
re imre dipping nearly as often as other |«en>.
>'.B. The UiIIsh* Pat tern. So. 1208, price I*,
per Box of Two Dozen.
Price la. per Bos, or 3s. per Gross.
t, SOLI) £}' ALL STATIONERS.
Wholesale . HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, i
CONSUMPTION
AND AM. DEBILITATING DISEASES CtjRED BY
COMPOUND OXYGEN.
“NOT A Dltl'ti.” Pamphlet (100 ixtucsI. post-free,
with directions for Home treatment,
SKB. SPEtrCEB and BOTTOM,
12, Bloomsbury - mansions, London.
USE
FRY’S
PURE CONCENTRATED
COCOA
Ask your Grocer for a Sample, gratis.
f w (VffFT«j
fl0Z01>0NT, the Fragrant Liquid Dentifrice, is n
imtarrcal preiaraiiou uf wundrous efOcacy in Preserving
and Bcautifyiug the Teeth. Rescuing them from Pecay.aud
rendering them as White as Alabaster. It is a Toilet Luxury
of which all should avail themselves. Tbe unpleasant odour
communicated to the breath by catarrh, had teeth. Ac., is
entirely obviated by this fragrant and salutary antiseptic.
Price ?s. *1. Sold everywhere.
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS
y ai.i'aiii.i: I’M OVERY for tbs HAIR.
SWEET SCENTS
LOXOTIS OPOPONAX
£70,000.
JENNER & KNEWSTUB, LIMITED,
. ..
SEVENTY THOUSAND POUNDS.
SOW SII.K UMBRELLAS. 2b. fid. caeh. direct
m :
thm’s
icerme
PARKINS
"•COTTOS
f 5.5.0 BAG
“CLUB” CYCLES.
Sole Manufacturers,
Coventry Machinists’ Co.,
LIMITED.
Works—COVENTRY.
LONDON .. ..15 and 16, Holborn Viaduct.
MANCHESTER .. 9. Victoria-buildings.
Send for Catalogue and Particulars of cur
New Easy Payment System.
GREAT SUMMER SALE,
AT REDUCED PRICES,
NOW PROCEEDING AT
PETER ROBINSON’S
Family Mourning and Black
Goods Warehouse.
GREAT BARGAINS
WILL BE O.FERED
IX EACH DEPARTMENT,
ALL THE RICH GOODS
HAVING BEEN
VERY -MUCH REDUCED IN PRICE
Purposely for this Sale.
PETER ROBINSON,
MOURNING WAREHOUSE,
256 to 262, REGENT-STREET, LONDON.
152
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
BENJAMIN EDGINGTON'S
SHAKESPEARE” COT,
Made in four sizes.
PRICE-LIST FREE ON APPLICATION;
Or Twelve Illustrated Reasons for using the Cot, free
for two Stamps.
BENJAMIN EDGINGTON, Ltd.,
2, DUKE-STREEX, LONDON BRIDGE,
Tout and Flag Manufacturer to Her Majosty the Queen and
H.R.H. the Prince of Wales.
H.-yhost A **£',** 3foUa| h f!u 0 F’lal’«. ,d m ' M
gWAN b'iITl "corsets
t u K'i 1 st kii ki> ).
THIRD TYPE or FIGURE.
WHITE .. 21s. Od.
BLACK .. 25s. 0d.
A specially constructed
Bolt Corset for Ladles in¬
clined to embonpoint.
Corset and Belt-Key,
Illustrated by Twelve
Types of Figure, sent
post-free.
Send Size of Waist, with
P.O.O., on Sloane-streot.
AOQLEY BOURNE,
Ladies' Warehouse,
174, SLO A NK-STREET,
BELGRAVIA
(late of Piccadilly).
ROBINSON l CLEAVER’S LINEN
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
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154
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. H, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
It is a sad thing to contemplate, but it is almost certain that
novelists who write their stories for serial publication will
not live to finish their last one. A very few indeed conclude
their work before the publication is bogno. and arc so far
independent of fate; but the common practice is the other
way. The bands of the popular author arc too full of work
to allow him to take such a precaution. I knew a magazine
publisher of prudent habits who would nover permit his
editor to accept a serial that was not finished ; " I dinna care
how beautifully it is written,” he used to say ; “the man may
dec.” Ilis remark his been only too well justified by results.
Thackeray, Dickens, Mrs. Gaskell, all died leaving their last
serial unfinished. This is one of the things, one would
imagine, that not only can't be helped, but can't be remedied.
The resources of civilisation, however, in literature, as
in everything else, are greater than they used to be.
Attempts to finish what another hand has begun have,
indeed, been often made and failed. “ Christabel," for
example, is not supposed to have been so satisfactorily termin¬
ated by a living poet as it was commenced by a dead ono ; but
there arc signs that this difficulty may eventually be sur¬
mounted. At all events the plot of a famous novelist, which
his hand was not permitted to evolve, has been of late
discovered and disclosed by another author. “The Truo
History of Edwin Drood,” by Sir. Proctor, is the first satis¬
factory attempt with which I am acquainted, to rescue a
literary secret, ns it were, from the very tomb. It is a very
commendable little work, this “ loving study of Dickens' half-
t. Id talc,” and written in a very different spirit from that
u licit generally belongs to such productions; and from the
success that will no doubt attend its publication there is
much to be hoped—and also feared. To the sensitive author it
will certainly add a terror to death to reflect that his last book is
going—inhoweverworkmanlike a style—to be finished for him;
but, on the other hand, his readers will bo released from the
tenterhooks of expectation, to which they would otherwise
have been condemned for ever ; and (since his “ deeing ” will
not now be of such importance) his publisher will be gratified.
I foresee the advent of a new industry : them will be literary
persons who will not go “ beyond their lasts ” by pretending
to be novelists proper, but (as in the regular boot trade) will he
'• finishers" only. Just at first they may tako a little more
time than is quite convenient—wc can’t expect to see “ novels
finished whiie you wait,” as heels and soles are promised in
the shoe-shops—but the inconveniences now resulting from
the demise of a novelist “ in harness,” with his plot only half
disclosed and his characters undeveloped, we may reasonably
hope will be remedied.
The attempt to conciliate bullies and scoundrels is
a great folly, and arises from our ignorance of human
nature. They never attribute it to any other cause than our
own weakness, and every fresh indulgence only convinces
them wc are more and more afraid of them. Yet in these
modern tiroes wc arc always falling into this error. The last
example of it has occurred in Finland, where the representative
of a “ County family," after a life (to put it mildly) of great
laxity, has left all his property to the Devil. The “ intention
of the testator” was only too obvious (ho wanted to make
friends with the person he feared), but the bequest is objected
to by his relatives. Among all the queer records in our
Doctor's-commons there is nothing so strange as this. What
legends in years to come will not this will give rise to ! How
very ranch haunted that otherwise “ eligible " landed property is
sure to be.' It is not very likely that the sayings of Douglas
Jerrold were familiar to this Finnish (bnt far from finished)
gentleman, yet ono of them may well have suggested this
eccentric disposition of his property. A spendthrift was
boasting to the wit, of the property he had onee possessed, but
which he had so magnificently dissipated. “ I had thirty
thousand pounds at one time," he said, “ bnt it's all gone to
the Devil.” “ Ah, then yon 'll get it again," was the dry reply.
Not content with establishing a Home for the Ugly, the
Great Republic, in the person of one of its female citizens, has
taken it in hand to do away with ugliness in her own sex
altogether. Ladies go to her to be made plump or slim ; to
obtain rounded charms; to get rid of rounded shoulders ; and
when their eyes, or the surroundings of their eyes, arc (like
young Bailey's) “a lcctlc redder than they could wish,” to get
that little matter remedied. She asserts that there is no excuse
for a woman being ugly if she will only follow her regimen.
This is all very well, but why has she not a word of advice
for us poor men .’ Madame De Stael, indeed, said of a very
plain gentleman, “that he abused man's privilege of being
ugly ” as if, as a general rule, it didn’t signify how we
looked : bnt this is snrely not so. Beauty even in a male has
been found to bo of considerable value. Parthenopxus was
so charming to look upon that if his helmet was up in battle
no man (worthy of the name) would strike at him : a consider¬
able ” pull" in an age when everybody was fighting. Antinous
hail such an agreeable expression that the Emperor Adrian (who
himself was wanting in that respect) caused the current coin to
be stamped with his effigy instead of his own—a financial
advantage which can hardly be over-estimated. Spurinawasso
very much “ run after" by the fair sex that he destroyed his
betuty on account of the endless “ rows” that it got him into
with husbands and fathers; aud everyone knows how
Edward IV., at fourteen years of age. got a double subsidy out
of a rich widow for his wars in France, on account of his pro¬
mising personal appearance. Under these circumstances—which
could be corroborated, no doubt, by modern instances—I don't
sec why plain and “ weedy " men should not have something
done for them. What is sauce for the goose should be sauce
lor the gander; the same remedies could surely be used for
both sexes. The ladies, it seems, have to wear braces instead
ot corsets, so we have something in our favour to start with ;
the too pale lady has a bottle of claret per diom, which would
also suit us very well. “ Sassafras tea" and “ Ioeland-moss
lilies ” do not seem quite so much in our line; but I don’t
see why some of us should not be made at least more present¬
able than at present. What a sensation we should make at
the club after a week or two with a “ beauty-doctor " !
Of the advantages of the type-writer, no one who has
tried it can have any doubt; it is gradually taking its
proper place in business houses, and will eventually cheapen
even law. It seems strange, indeed—if wc did not know
that Government was a milch cow which no ono thinks of
sparing—that in the office of the Solicitor to the Treasury
there are maintained at a considerable charge no less than
ten copyists. The very best type-writing machine costs
bnt £2(1, and can produce any amount of copies, infinitely
more legible than any lawyer's clerk can make them. I
would also respectfully call the attention of literary aspirants
to the fact that writing difficult to read is not a passport to the
favour of editors, and that MSS. (always “ invaluable ” when
lost) can be duplicated by this simple process at a very small
expense. The intelligence of those concerned in the pro¬
duction of the type-writer has discovered a single line wherein
every letter of the alphabet occurs save one (and none twice),
which is of great use to them in detecting anything amiss in
the working of tho machine—“A quick brown fox jnmps over
the lazy dog.” The leaving out the h is probably a pretty
compliment to the Londoner.
Lord Wolseley's admirable article on “ Courage ” has set
people talking of that virtue. There have been as many dis¬
quisitions about what constitutes it as about what makes a
true gentleman, and the difficulty in each case arises from
THE LATE SIR FRANK SOUTER, C.S.I.,
COMMISSIONER OF POLICE, BOMBAY.
moral considerations. The courage with which a man defends
his own life cannot, for example, bo compared with that with
which he defends that of a woman or a child. The greatest
villains on earth have “ sold their lives dearly," and, indeed,
quite at a fancy price. That we should find something to
admire in their so doing is a proof perhaps (as Thackeray
ventures to put it) that all men have something of the coward
in them. It is difficult otherwise to explain the approbation
that is bestowed upon some brutal ruffian for “ dying game.”
)Ve do not appreciate it in animals; the tiger is careless of
danger, and difficult to kill, but the Hindoo villager (who
knows most about him) does not applaud him on that account.
Still, there is a natural tendency in us all to admire the man
who holds lightly what is dearest to most of us, his life, and
risks it, cveu if it be for no higher motive than his own gain.
Only, he must be quite sure that he is conscious of his danger :
if he were drunk, or mad, the spectators, would feel
no admiration for him. The Irish gentleman who sat on the
very branch he was sawing from the tree, fell, we are
all conscious (no matter what was the height) very far short
of the hero. Only a few people, let us hope, of tho thousands
who throng to see the aeronaut at the Alexandra Palace drop
a thousand feet from his parachute are actuated (like the
Englishman in “The Wandering Jew,” who attended the wild-
beast tamer wherever he went) by the hope of a catastrophe.
For courage of the baser sort, there has certainly been no
public exhibition to compare with it; for the man is fully
aware of his peril, and his peril is extreme. No ordinary danger
is tube mentioned in the same breath. The risk of belonging
to a forlorn hope is slight in comparison with it, and even the
taking up a live bombshell and throwing it into somebody
dsc’s neighbourhood—a favourite amusement during sieges—
mere child's play. If the motive wero not “gate money,”
but some unselfish object (such as the endowment of a
hospital) tho feat would be almost heroic. It is deplorable,
of course, from all moral points of view; but the attempts to
belittle it are discreditable. Think of the man coming down
the first hundred feet like a stone, because his umbrella
wouldn't open ! This has happened to many people in heavy
rain, and given them a moment of supreme excitement; but
there was not, in their case, a drop fall of nine hundred feet to
come. Gracious goodness 1
It is interesting to get at the lack of the mind of a fellow
creature, be it ever so dull; and I should like to know why
the man killed the Bell-bird in the Zoological Gardens. Th s
kind of mischievous idiot is rather rare, though not so rare
(nor so valuable) ns tho Bell-bird. My impression is t int
fame—or notoriety, which is its substitute in such casts— wes
the motive, and not that mere idle brutality which caused tho
Ancient Mariner (old enough to know better) to kill the
albatross. He had read (for he could read) that the bird wr.s
the ohly specimen in England, and in killing it, he thought he
should be associated with its rarity, and get into the papers.
The man who smashed the Portland Vase was actuated by the
same feeling. In both cases, only a fine could, apparently, be
inflicted ; in the former one, most curiously—for from an
artistic point of view the loss was little short of n national
one—we are told, “A gentleman who was present in the
police-court paid the fine." It seems, therefore, that there are
not only “ destructives ” of this amazing kind, but sympathisers
with them.
In Dr. Burgon, Dean of Chichester, wc lose one of the most
vehement of controversialists, and one of the kindest of men.
If there needed an example to show that the od/ttm thralogicnm
is something quite extraneous to a man's nature, and can exist
side-by-side in it with the tenderest feelings, his was a case in
point. Though a celibate himself, his love of children was
excessive, and was, of coarse, returned ; and to see the littlo
ones playing about that gigantic ecclesiastic was a spectacle at
once pathetic and ludicrous. One of the last stories told of
him was of his lying in wait—in full vestments, and on his
way to the cathedral—to “jump out" upon some juvenilo
playmate whom he had seen coming, but who somehow got
exchanged, on the way, for quite another person, with the
most embarrassing results. Never was a good man more full
of fun, nor dignitary more careless of convention. He had
almost as large and humorous a collection of ecclesiastical
anecdotes (for I have had the pleasure of hearing both nar¬
rators) as Dean Ramsey himself. One of the pleasantest—and
an incident, I believe, which happened to himself—was in
connection with the christening of an agricultural male
child which its sponsors wished to be called “ Vanns."
“ Venus ! " he exclaimed, indignantly. “ How dare you ask
me to call it any such name.’ In the first place, it is not a
man's name at all, but that of a most wicked and abandoned
female.” “ Please, Sir, the child's grandfather was christened
‘Vanns,’” exclaimed the godmother, very much alarmed.
“What! do you mean to say he’s got a grandfather called
‘Venus’? Where it his grandfather? ” The christening was
suspended till he came—a poor old fellow bent double with
rheumatism, years, and toil, and looking as little like Venns as
can possibly be imagined. “ Do you mean to tell me, my good
man, that you were christened ‘ Venus ’ ? ” “ Well, no, Sir," ho
coughed and stammered; “I was christened 1 Ny/vanus,’ but
folks always called me ‘ Vanus.’ "
TIIE LATE SIR FRANK SOFTER, C.S.I., C.I.E.
A meeting was recently held at the Northbrook Indian Club
under the presidency of the Right Hon. Sir James Fergusson,
M.P., for the purpose of raising a memorial fund in recognition
of the services of the late Sir Frank Souter, Commissioner of
Police, Bombay. A committee was appointed, with Sir
Richard Tempie. M.P. as chairman, to co-operate with the
committee already founded in India for the same purpose; aud
at the close of the meeting about A330 were subscribed. Sir
Frank Souter, who died at Ootacamund, Madras Presidency,
on Jane 4, had gained a deservedly high reputation for his
police administration in Bombay during twenty-four years, and
was popular both among Europeans and natives. To parsons
from this country who visited India, hisconrtesyand hospitality
were well known. In November, 1873, he received the hononr
of knighthood at the hands of the Prince of Wales. He
repeatedly received the commendations of the Bombay
Government for liis services; and was specially thanked by
the Government of India for his able conduct in investigating
the charges against Mulhar Rao, Gaikwar of Baroda, in 1874,
when that Prince was accused of instigating an attempt to
poison the Resident, Colonel Phayrc. Before coming to
Bombay, Sir Frank Souter had greatly distinguished himself
during the Mutiny, particularly in the capture of the Chief of
Nurgoond, and of the notorious outlaw, Bhagoji Naik. On the
latter occasion, he was officially reported to have been “ first
in and last out of the fight, and his escape was almost
miraculous. His horse fell, pierced almost simultaneously with
three ballets, and his tunic was also cut through with a sword,
while engaged in one of the hand-to-hand combats." Sir Hugh
Rose stated that his bravery fully entitled him to the dis¬
tinction of the Victoria Cross. It may bo said to have been
hereditary, as his father. Captain Souter.of thctlth Regiment,
saved the colours of that regiment in the first Afghan Bar.
Sir Frank Souter died suddenly of heart disease at Ootacamund,
where he had gone on short leave to recruit his health, "lhc
Governor of Madras, Lord Connemara, attended his funeral as
chief mourner, accompanied by his staff and the principal
members of Government. All classes in Bombay united in
mourning for his death.
The lugger Rcagnll, of Lowestoft, went down on Ang. 4
off Scarborough in a gale, and her crew, nine in number,
were all lost, although vigorous efforts to save them were made
by the captain of a smack who witnessed the catastrophe.
The fifty-fonrth High Court meeting of the Ancient Order
of Foresters—the largest friendly society in the world—com¬
menced. on Aug. 7, its week's deliberations, in the Townhall,
Reading. There was a procession of friendly societies through
the principal streets on Aug. II, and in the evening a fete took
place in honour of the High Court meeting.
Miss Lctitia A. Walkington, Master of Arts of the Royal
University, Ireland, has the distinction not. only of being
first lady graduate in arts, bnt also the first to take a degree ill
laws, having passed most creditably, after private study, the
examination for LL.B. jnst held at Dublin. About a dozen
Irish ladies have passed the examinations for the degree of I>.A.
The heavy rain of Aug. 1 greatly increased the floods in
the low-lying parts of London and the Lower Thames \ alley.
The Great Eastern Railway suffered greatly, and trathe was
much interfered with. The floods were especially severe at
Romford.—The Lord Mayor has opened a fund for tn ®
relief of the distress in the Isle of Dogs and Poplar caused uy
the floods. About £5000 is required. The Court of Commo
Council hns subscribed 100 guineas.
AVG. 11, 1SBS
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
155
the silent member.
„„r Majesty's Ministers, in crossing the Solent to attend tho
Onecn s Council at Osborne, will, in refreshing their sight
i.h irlimnses of the rich woodland verdure of the Isle of
vTirht have a pleasant foretaste of holiday relaxation. The
„ JL.’ is necessarv to soften political asperities, and regain
health and vigour. Envied by members of the Government
Ml . Gladstone, who anticipated the adjournment of Par-
Harnent bv a week, and renewed his youth by breathing the
nrTair of Hnwarden Park on the August Bank Holiday.
p T he Marquis of Salisbury, jaded more by Foreign Office
interviews with the Ambassadors of the Great Powers than by
ounces on the Ministerial bench in the House of Lords, is to
seek”the waters of recuperation, if not of Lethe, at Hoyat.
And it is to bo hoped that the hue of health will presently be
restored to the worn and blanched faces of Mr. VV. H. Smith,
Mr John Morley, Sir Richard Webster, and Mr. Joseph
Chamberlain, by rest and recreation.
It is a notable fact that, whilst “ the masses and their
eloquent advocate were revelling to their hearts content in
Bank Holiday fashion on the Sixth of August, u the classes ”
represented in the House of Lords were immersed in public
business of the highest importance. Their Lordships were
engrossed in the Local Government Bill, in the Committee
stage of which Lord Salisbury exercised his powers with
accustomed lucidity and emphatic force. Once again, let it
be said, this admirable County Councils Bill of the Govern¬
ment is’, though far from perfect, a measure the Ministry may
well feel proud of, and be particularly thankful to Mr. Ritchie
for having so skilfully steered it through the shoals of tho
Lower House. It will not only be of incalculable service to
England and Wales and Parliament, which it will relieve of
much local work which should be done in the localities con¬
cerned ; but it paves the way for a reasonable settlement of
the Home Rule grievances of Ireland, and likewise of Scotland,
for Scotland also calls for Ilome Rule, if the drily, very drily,
humorous Dr. Wallace may be accepted as the Parnell of North
Britain.
The Members of Parliament Commission Bill—the measure
to inquire into the charges brought by the Times newspaper
against Mr. Parnell and his colleagues in the 4i Parnellism and
Crime ” pamphlet—has mainly occupied the time, and tried
the patience, of the Lower House during the opening days of
August. The Irish Nationalist members made a tough fight
of it to restrict the investigation by the three Judges to the
allegations directly laid at their doors ; and on more than one
occasion prolonged the sitting to close upon dawn. These
protracted all-night sittings, revival of a custom that the
Closure was supposed to have extinguished, will make the
holiday interval that is to elapse between now and the autumn
Session all the more welcome to the fagged Ministers of the
Lower House, of whom Mr. Arthur Balfour continues to be
the most serenely phlegmatic and philosophic, having a firm
belief in the efficacy of his policy of restraint in Ireland.
FASHIONABLE MARRIAGES. .
At St. George’s Church, Hanover-square, on Aug. 1, tho
marriage of Lieutenant Horace Francis Kays, of the 74lh
Highlanders, with Miss Emily Colvin, youngest daughter of
Sir Auckland Colvin, was solemnised in the presence of a
large assembly. The ceremony was performed by Bishop
Tufnell, Canon of Chichester, assisted by the Rev. Simon
Fraser, uncle of the bride, and the Rev. Prebendary Moore,
Chaplain in Ordinary to the Queen. Owing to the absence of
Sir Auckland Colvin in India, the bride was conducted to the
altar by her uncle, Mr. Bazett Colvin, late of the Indian Civil
Service, and was given away by her sister, Mrs. Wollaston
Groome. The bridesmaids were—Miss Colvin and Miss Ethel
Colvin (cousins of the bride), Miss K. Elin, and Miss G. Oakes.
The bride was also attended by two smart pages—Master
Auckland Wollaston Groome (nephew of the bride) and Master
John Crosbie (nephew of the bridegroom). Captain Frank
Maxwell, of the 74th Highlanders, officiated as best man.
The marriage of Mr. David Dale to Miss Alice Milbank.
daughter of Sir Frederick Milbank, took place on Aug. 2, at
the parish church of Well, near Bedale, Yorkshire. The
Bishop of Ripon officiated, and the bride was given away by
her father.
The marriage of Mr. Adrian C. F. Hope, eldest son of
Colonel Hope, V.C., and Miss Laura Troubridge, second
daughter of the late Colonel Sir Thomas St. V. Hope
Troubridge, Bart., C.B., A.D.C., took place on Aug. 2. at
llopton, Great Yarmouth. The bride was attended by six
bridesmaids—Misses Amy, Violet, and Helen Troubridge. her
sisters ; Misses Evelyn and Olive Orde, her cousins ; and Miss
Laura Hope, sister of the bridegroom ; and was given away
by her brother, Captain Sir T. Tronbridge, (50th Rifles. The
bridegroom’s best man was the Hon. Spencer Hylton-JoUiffe.
We are informed that a marriage has been arranged between
Lord Robert Cecil, third son of the Marquis of Salisbury, and
Lady Eleanor Lambton, third daughter of the late Earl of
Durham, and sister of the present Peer
Mr. Frederick William Maitland, M.A., has been elected
I 1 ’‘V" IVr.J'.^sur uf Law at- Cambridge l T iiivnrsitv. in succession
to the late Professor Birkbeck, Master of Downing College.
The Queen has conferred the appointment of Companion
to the Order of the Bath on Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel
(having the local and temporary rank of Brigadier-General)
Alexander Temple Cox, Madras Staff Corps.
The Elcho Challenge Shield, won bj r the Irish Eight at the
late Wimbledon meeting, was handed over, on Aug. 4, at
Olympia, to the executive of the Irish Exhibition, as its
custodians, preliminary to its transfer to Dublin.
Under the presidency of Professor Gairdner, the fifty-sixth
meeting of the British Medical Association, which now numbers
upwards of 12)500 members, mid lias forty-five branches in
tne Lnited Kingdom, India, and the Colonies, began in Glasgow
on Aug. 7.
, I announced at the Wesleyan Conference at Camborno
mat the denomination had issued 7,507,337 publications daring
he year, from the profits of which the following grants were
made rbe Annuitant Society, £3000 ; Home Missions, £500 ;
Ireland, £ 1 °° ; Auxiliary Fund, £100; additional to Ireland,
iuu; and Auxiliary Fund, £100. The representative sessions
for financial business began on Aug. 6.
f Although the weather was not by any means favourable
r out-door amusements on Aug. G, very large numbers of
ndoners turned out to enjoy the Bank Holiday. The places
resort outside London had numerous visitors, those close
in ng to o largo extent driven homewards early
.... afternoon by rain. The various museums and exhi-
lons in town were well filled during the day, and in the
n®T n fr theatres were thronged.—About midnight on
WiUkOiV* ay a disastr0U8 collision occurred at Hampton
uh l p 10n ' 0n London and South-Western Railway, by
mu four person b were killed and many others more or less
crely injured, of whom two have since died.
THE COURT.
The Queen drove out on Aug. 3 accompanied by the Hereditary
Grand Duke and Princess Alice of Hesse. Fraulein Von
Fabrice, General Gardiner, C.B., and Major-General Dennehy,
C.I.E., had the honour of being included in her Majesty’s
dinner-party. Her Majesty went out on the 4th with Princess
Beatrice and Princess Alice of Hesse. The Queen drove out
on the 4th accompanied by Princess Louise (Marchioness of
Lome) and Princess Beatrice. Viscountess Melgund. Earl
Cadogan, General the Right Hon. and the Hon. Lady Ponsonby,
and Commander Poojrc (of her Majesty’s yacht Victoria and
Albert), had the honour of dining with the Queen and Royal
family. On Sunday morning, the 5th, her Majesty and the
Royal family, and the members of the Royal household,
attended Divine service. The Hon. and Rev. F. Byng, M.A.,
Chaplain in Ordinary to her Majesty, officiated. In the after¬
noon the Queen drove out accompanied by Princess Beatrice
and Princess Alice of Hesse. Earl Cadogan and the Hon. and
Rev. F. Byng had the honour of dining with the Queen and
the Royal family. Her Majesty, accompanied by Princess
Beatrice, the Hereditary Grand Duke and Princess Alice of
Hesse, drove to Kent House on Aug. (> to congratulate the
Marquis of Lome upon bis birthday. The Prince and Princess
of Wales, with Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud of Wales,
and Princess Louise (Marchioness of Lome), and the Marquis
of Lome, visited the Queen and remained to luncheon. Her
Majesty drove out in the afternoon accompanied by the
Hereditary Grand Duke and Princess Alice of Hesse. Lieu¬
tenant-General Sir George Willis, K.O.B.. arrived at Osborne,
and had the honour of dining with the Queen and the Royal
family. Captain the Hon. North and Mrs. Dalrymple had
also the honour of being invited. Her Majesty went out
on the 7th accompanied by her Royal Highness Princess
Beatrice. Lieutenant King-Harman and Sub-Lieutenant
Lees (of her Majesty’s yacht Victoria and Albert) dined at
Osborne, and had the honour of beiDg received by the Queen
in the evening.
Prince Albert Victor, who promised to visit Huddersfield
on Aug. 7, on the occasion of the Yorkshire Agricultural
THE DINING-HALL OF DURHAM CASTLE,
WHERE THE HI81IOP OE DURHAM ENTERTAINED THE AMERICAN,
COLONIAL, AND MISSIONARY BlSIIOrs.
Show, was unable to go, being confined to his room with a bad
foot and forbidden to travel.
The forty-fourth birthday of the Duke of Edinburgh was
observed av Windsor on Aug. <5 by the ringing of the bells of
St, George's Chapel and the firing of Royal salutes in the
Long Walk.
Princess Mary Adelaide and tho Duke of Teck, and Princess
Victoria and Prince Francis, have returned from visiting the
Marquis and Marchioness of Abergavenny at Eridgc Castle,
Sussex.
The Duchess of Albany
Mile-end-road, on Aug. 4, to
ings and to inaugurate an ex
Highness presented the prize
of members of the People's P
The Duke of Cambridge
visited the People’s Palace in tho
open a loan exhibition of paint-
ctensive autumn fete. Her Royal
>s awarded at the late competition
\alace gymnasium,
left Gloucester House, Park-lane,
on Aug. 7, for Kissingen, where he will stay for a few weeks.
Aow Ready—Second Edition of
MR. RIDER HAGGARD’S NEW STORY,
“MR. MEESON’S WILL,”
EXTRA SUMMER NUMBER
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
rally Illustrated by A. FOKESTIER and G. MOXTBARD.
TWO PRESENTATION PICTURES
XH COLOURS.
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198, Strand, London; and of all Booksellers and Newsagents.
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READING-CASES (to hold One Number) .. .. 2 b. fid.
Cm bo obtained at the Office, 198, Strand; or of any Bookseller or Newsagent.
MUSIC.
At present there is scarcely anything to record of London
musical performances ; the close of the season, and the ter¬
mination of Mr. Augustus Harris's first lesseeship of the Royal
Italian Opera, having left a comparative vacuum in London
music—one, however, of brief duration, Covent-Garden
Theatre reopening (as previously recorded) on Saturday even¬
ing, Aug. 11. We have already given an outline of tho
extensive arrangements made by Mr. W. Freeman Thomas, the
lessee, for his seventh annual series of Promenade Concerts, tho
opening of which must be noticed by us hereafter.
The Irish Ballad Concerts (in the new Concert Hall adjoin¬
ing the Irish Exhibition, Olympia) have been successfully
continued under the direction of Mr. Ludw .g.
The Alexandra Palace directors announced the first Baden-
Baden concert for Aug. 2 ; the Crystal Palace having arranged
a grand promenade concert for the Bank Holiday, the orchestra
of the institution, conducted by Mr. Manns, and three military
bands co-operating in the programme. Concerts were also
announced, on the afternoon and evening of the same date,
in association with the Anglo-Danish Exhibition, at the
Royal Albert Hall.
The next important specialty to claim attention will be
provincial, not metropolitan—the Birmingham Triennial
Festival, which will open on Ang. 28, Dr. Hans Richter being
(as at the celebration of 1885) the conductor. Further details
of the arrangements may bo more accurately given on the
nearer approach of the festival, some changes having already
been made from previous announcements.
The 165th festival of the Cathedral Choirs of Hereford,
Gloucester, and Worcester wiil open on Sept. 11, the special
sendees taking place on Sept. 9. Here also we reserve details
until the nearer approach of the celebration, and the issue of
the latest programmes.
At the opening of the Centennial Exhibition at Melbourne,
on Aug. 1, Mr. F. H. Cowen’s “Song of Thanksgiving” was
produced, conducted by himself. The work, which was com¬
posed specially for the occasion, is to be given on the third
day of the forthcoming Hereford Festival, Sept. 13.
The distribution of prizes to students of the London
Academy of Music took place recently, at St. George’s Hall,
Langham - place. The presentation was made by Signor
Bevignani, the eminent conductor. Dr. Wylde, Principal of
the institution, delivered an appropriate address to the students,
and drew special attention to the successes obtained by former
pupils of the Academy—MissM. Macintyre,on the stage of the
Royal Italian Opera ; and Miss Maggie Okey (now Madame De
Pachmann), as a pianist of the first rank. The proceedings of
the day included a concert of vocal and instrumental music,
in. which pupils of the Academy contributed effective
performances.
Mr. Henry Banmer, who died recently at the age of fifty-
three, gained distinction at the Royal Academy of Music, and
became favourably known as a piani9fe and teacher of his
instrument, for which he produced some successful
compositions.
AMERICAN AND COLONIAL BISHOPS
AT DURHAM.
After the late Pan-Anglican ecclesiastical Congress at Lambeth,
Durham, by an invitation from the Bishop of the diocese (Dr.
Lightfoot), was visited by about sixty of the American.
Colonial, and Missionary Bishops. They attended a special
service at the Cathedral; and, at a Convocation of the Northern
University, a number of distinguished prelates received the
honorary degree of D.D. One was Dr. Austin. Bishop of
Guiana and “Metropolitan of the West Indies,” who hr.s
laboured in that colony forty-six years. Another was Dr.
Crowther, Bishop of the Niger, the first Bishop of the Negro
race. Rescued, when a youth, from the grip of the slave-
trader by a British man-of-war, he became the earliest student
in the College of Fourah Bay. and a clergyman of lhe Church
of England. The right reverend prelate, who is above four¬
score years of age, was very cordially welcomed by the whole
assembly. In the evening, the American and Colonial visitors,
and many of the clergy of the diocese, dined in the hall con¬
nected with University College, Durham, where Convocations
are usually held. Our View of this fine room, which is 101 ft.
long and 36 ft. wide, is from a drawing made by Mr. Fred. W.
Morgan.
At a meeting of the Sheffield Cutlers’ Company, on Ang. 7.
Mr. S. E. Howell, of the firm of Howell and Co., Brook Steel
Works, Sheffield, was elected Master Cutler.
The Rev. R. P. Browne, second master of King William’s
College, Isle of Man, has been elected head-master of Kendal
New Grammar School, in place of the Rev. W. J. Constable,
who has obtained a mastership at Uppingham.
The Queen's swankeeper and the officials of the Vintners’
and Dyers’ Companies finished on Aug. 4 their annual voyage
up the Thames for the pnrpose of marking the swans between
London Bridge and Henley. The trip occupied several days,
and resulted in the capture and “ nicking ” of 343 old and
young birds, 178 of which are claimed by her Majesty, 94 by
the Vintners’ Company, and 71 by the Dyers’ Company.
The trial of eight youths, named Gellatly, Elves, Cole, Lee,
Graefe, Henshaw, Govier, and Duling, charged with the wilful
murder of Joseph Rumbold, in Regent’s Park, was continued
at the Central Criminal Court, before Mr. Justice Ilawkins, on
Aug. 2. Gellatly, who is hut eighteen years of age, was
found guilty, with a recommendation to mercy, and was
sentenced to death. The other prisoners, who had pleaded
guilty to riot and assault in connection with the murder, were
brought up on Aug. 4 and ^sentenced to terms of imprisonment
varying from fifteen to six months.
It is announced in the Gazette that the Queen has
appointed Lieutenant-General Sir Henry D’Oyley Torrens.
K.C.B., to be Governor and Comraander-in-Chief of the Island
of Malta and its Dependencies. The appointments of Mr.
Henry Dudley Barnham, now British Vice-Consul at Smyrna,
to be her Majesty’s Consul for Eastern Soudan, to reside at
Souakim, and of Mr. George Pollard Devey, now Hritish Vice-
Consul at the Dardanelles, to be her Majesty’s Vice-Consul at
Van, are gazetted.
A Memorandum issued by Lord Wolseley from the War
Office states that the Comraander-in-Chief has recently had
before him reports on field-firing at home, in India, and the
Colonies, “ and is satisfied with the improvement manifested,
particularly in India, in carryiug out these practices. His
Royal Highness is of opinion, however, that with the facilities
that at present exist in many stations and commands (this
applies more especially to the United Kingdom) much more
may still be done by introducing into the field-firing certain
features incidental to the attack and defence of positions, in
order to give greater air of reality to the practice than has
hitherto been the case.” The general ideas for fnfcnre guidance
are indicated in detail, and it is pointed out that, when possiblo.
the three arras should be employed, the Artillery firing blank
if shell cannot be used with safety.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW!
TORPEDO-BOATS OF THE “B SQUADRON” CAPTURING TWO “A SQUADRON” TORPEDO*BOATS OFF BLACK BALL HEAD
rHE NAVAL MANOEUVRES ON THE COAST OF IRELAND: SKETCHES BY OUR SPECIAL ARTISTS.
Enemy's Fleet.
THE IRIS
TOE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Atro. 11, 1888.—157
SCHLOSS BRAUNFELS, THE ANCESTRAL RESIDENCE OF THE PRINCES SOLMS, GERMANY.
AUG. 11, 1888
158
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
FESTIVITIES AT MUNICH.
The Munich Centenary Jubilee Festival, celebrating the birth
of King Ludwig I. of Bavaria, has recently taken place. The
oercmonies and sights extended from the display of fireworks,
on the evening of July 30, to the illumination of the city, on
tho evening of July 31 ; they culminated in the grand pro¬
cession on the morning of the second day. Numerous extra
trains had brought in a great many strangers from distant
parts. The fireworks were arranged by the Roman pyro¬
technist. Cavaliere Luigi Papi, and by the architects Cavaliere
Gioacliino Erosch and Virgilio Ribacchi. They were very
splendid, and interesting by the luminous illustrations of tho
.architectural creations of King Ludwig II., especially tho
W'alhalla and the Hall of Fame, near Ratisbon or Regens¬
burg. Ono of the sights of the evening was also the multitude
parading tho streets with Chinese lanterns. The procession on
the 31st continued from nine o'clock till half-past one. It
presentol two features of interest—the progress of the arts of
peace from early times to our own, with illustrations from
various countries, especially Oriental; and illustrations of the
architectural and other designs of King Ludwig I.
It would be impossible in a few words to convey an
idoi of this vast procession, as seen from a window at
tho Bureau of the Gendarmerie in the Odeon’s-platz. Of
course, the art-element predominated. The triumphant cars,
s line of great beauty, had been designed by Munich artists ;
.also tho costumes, primitive, rococo, and Oriental. Another
feature was the absence of militarism and the large repre¬
sentation of the industrial and agricultural elements. The
soldiers were only represented by their bands, and there was a
large sprinkling of dress-coats, white neckties, and cylinder
hats, that showed the civilian element. There was. however,
a great variety of tasteful costumes, in the students’ uniforms
oF different corps, the wild attire of Huns and ancient
Gormans, the graceful maidens in tasteful fancy dresses, and
the Orientals, adding a Mikado effect to the scene.
One of the most interesting features was the car bearing
the golden cradle of King Ludwig I., heralded by one hundred
singing children in white, mounted and escorted by a number
of blooming maidens, many draped in the elegant attire of the
time of Louis XVI. of France. This car was the real Jubilee
Oar of tho procession ; but many others, representing the Arts
and Sciences and the Art-creations of the King, were highly
poetical in conception and finished in execution.
Another very striking adjunct of the procession was the
representation of mechanical art and iron-working, with a
monstrous dragon covered with many-coloured scales and
ejecting smoke and steam from its mouth. Unfortunately,
this really clever device was the cause of a catastrophe
that marred the peaceful course of this day’s pageantry.
The procession marched from theKarl’s-Thor, by the Residenz,
to the Lud\vig’B-stras8e, down which it doubled back into
the Odein's-platz, and went by the Brienner-strasse to the
Maximilian’s-platz. Eight elephants, some recently arrived
from Ceylon, belonging to Hagenbeck’s menagerie, were en¬
listed aiid marched with their keepers in the Oriental depart¬
ment. In doubling back in the Ludwig’s-strasse, these
elephants unfortunately came opposite the steam-dragon, and,
taking alarm, broke their chain bindings, and under the
impression of terror dashed through the panic-stricken crowd,
which increased the mischief by striking and throwing
at, the elephants thus driven into uncontrollable fright.
The animals backed into the YVittelsbackei-platz, rushed
down tho Brienner-strasse, on. to the Hof Theater, and to
the Mint, upsetting people and oabs, breaking through
doors, and dashing into all manner of strange places.
One boy of sixteen was seized by the trunk of an elephant,
and hurled into the river Isar, with no further injury. An
old gentleman in a small house, hearing the elephants
breaking into his premises, got on the roof and kept shouting
“ Help! help I the elephants are at mo I ” At length, about
five o’clock, most of the beasts, having got into a cellar, being
perhaps keen after beer, like their Bavarian pursuers, were
eventually secured. It is said that if the people had kept cool,
and had not driven the animals wild by an onslaught on them,
little misfortune would have occurred. As it was, thirteen
persons were seriously injured and four are dead, including a
circus-rider, a young lady named Wagner, who was thrown
from the palanquin of an elephant and broke her neck.
THE BRITISH TROOPS
IN ZULULAND.
The necessity for again sending
military reinforcements to South
Africa, at the disposal of the
High Commissioner of the British
Government, has arisen from a
civil war among tlio Zulu nation,
formerly ruled by King Cetewayo.
The native feudal chiefs, or petty
Kings, between whom that portion
of the country was divided which
was not annexed to the immediate
British dominion, soon lost their
authority, except one. named
Usibepu, who professed loyalty
to the British protectorate, anil
with whom Diniznln. the son of
Cetewayo, obtaining the assistance
of certain Dutch Boers by ceding
to them land for a pretended new
Dutch Republic, waged a war
costing many lives and much
distress to the people. Usibepu
has latterly been worsted, and the
British Government—not that of
Natal lint the Imperial High Com¬
missioner — has ordered General
Leicester Smythe, commanding her
Majesty's forces, to put down tho
usurper Diniznln, treating him as a
rebel. The British camp, on June 10, was cstatdislied at a place
called Entonjaneni, overlooking the plain of Ulundi, the scene
of Cetewavo's final defeat by Lord Chelmsford's army in 1870,
and the valley of the White Umvolosi river. A correspondent,
Major C. H. Atchison, R.A., has favoured us with a Sketch
of the view from near the camp, which will remind our
readers of some other views of Zululand published during the
memorable Zulu war nine years ago. Entonjaneni is distant
fifty-four miles from Etshowe, near the eastern seacoast, which
p'aee was held at that time, with great fortitude, by a small
garrison of British soldiers and sailors under Colonel Pearson
( nw General Sir Edward Pearson), closely beleaguered by
a.i immense force of the enemy, and suffering from want of
provisions and ammunition. It is now the basis of military
one rations in Zululand. The troops first assembled at
Entonjaneni were drawn from the garrison of Pietermaritz¬
burg. in the adjacent colony of Natal; and the detachment of
Royal Artillery, commanded by Major Atchison, performed tho
distance, 193 miles, in eleven marches. There is an advanced
post of the British force at Nkonjani, twenty-two miles
further to the north-east. It is said that Diniznln is now at
Cesa, on tho northern frontier of Zululand. with only two
thousand followers, mostly belonging to alien tribes. He
certainly does not command the general support of the Zulu
nation, and may either take flight or surrender, instead of
putting the British expedition to the trouble of pursuing him.
The first international chess tournament ever held in the
provinces began on Aug. G, at Bradford, under the auspices of
ihe British Chess Association, in co-operation with the amateurs
3 f Yorkshire. The eighteen competitors in the Masters' Tour¬
nament were receive! by Alderman Morley, the Mayor ot
Bradford, at the Alexandra Hotel.
The match at Hastings between the Australians and an
Eleven of England terminated on Aug. 1 in a victory for the
colonists by an innings and 27 runs.—At Lord s a match was
played by" the 3I.C.C. and Ground, who scored 71 and (111,
against a Scarborough Eleven, who made but 29 and 30 in their
two innings.
In commemoration of the freedom of the Scheldt, fetes
will beheld at Antwerp from Saturday, Aug. 11, throughout
the following week. On the night of Tuesday, Aug. If. a
Venetian water-fete upon the Scheldt has been organised by
the Chamber of Commerce of Antwerp, comprising a naval
procession and general illumination cif the river. In con¬
nection with these celebrations return tickets have been
arranged by the Great Eastern Railway at reduced rates, via,
the Harwich route, available from the opening to the close of
the festival.
The annual meeting of the Royal Yacht Squadron was
held on Aug. II. at the Castle, Cowes. The Prince of Wales,
the Commodore, presided, and there were over sixty other
members present.— 1 he Cowes week opened with a couple of
races in connection with the Royal London Yacht Club, whose
Solent station is on tho Cowes Parade. The roadstead was
studded with a magnificent fleet of sailing and steam yachts,
which were dressed from stein to stern in honour of the Duke
of Edinburgh's forty-fourth birthday. — The Royal Yacht
Squadron race for her Majesty's cup took place on the 7th off
Cowes, when Moina (Captain Bainbridge's cutter) won.
VIEW FROM BRITISH CAMP AT ENTONJANENI, ZULULAND.
SCIILOSS BRAUNFELS.
Braunfels, the seat of the Princes Solms, is one of the most
ancient and picturesque castles in Germany. It is scarcely two
hours' journey by rail from either Coblenz, Ems, or Frank¬
furt. Tourists in the Rhineland may take the Lahti Valley
route, by Ems. Braunfels, and Giessen, to Frankfurt, and may
return by the Rhine.
The residence of the ancient family of Solms has much
historical interest, especially to English people. So far back
ns 12G9 we find the English Earl of Cornwall, elected King of
Germany in 12.37, connected with this house by his marriage
with the beautiful Countess Beatrix of Falkenstein. The
talented Countess Amalia Solms, daughter of Count John
Albert, was grandmother of King William III. of England,
being the wife of Prince Henry of Orange. But it is to the
deeds of Count Henry Solms that the family can refer with
pardonable pride. He landed with Prince William of Orange
nt Torbay, in 1B88, and was among the Prince’s trusted captains
for many years. He was present at the relief of Derry ; and,
nt the bead of his famous regiment of infantry—Solms’ Blues,
2000 strong—was the first to attack the enemy at the battle of
the Borne, on the morning of Jnly 1, 1(190. Although
repeatedly requested by William to take service in the English
Army, he steadfastly refused, and was killed in action, as
General in the Dutch service, at the battle of Neerwinden, on
July 19, 1693.
The almost total destruction of the castle by fire in 1679,
and of its ancestral archives, was a serious loss to the family ;
but copies of these documents had been preserved. The re¬
building was commenced immediately, and was continued at
intervals between the feudal wars of those times; bnt it nos
left for tbe present head of the house. Prince George Solms,
to restore the Schloss to its former grandeur. The completion
of this task only took place in 1883. The original plan of
Schloss Braunfels was adhered to; and it now stands, on its
foundation of “ brown rock " (the origin of the name), a faith¬
ful copy of the castle before its destruction in the seventeenth
CENTENARY BIUTHDAY FESTIVAL OF KINO LUDWIG I. AT MUNICH : DISASTER OF FRIGHTENED ELEPHANTS.
The view of tbe castle, as seen from the beautiful road
leading through the deer-park from the station, is most
effective. It is beheld at a distance, standing out against the
skyline, with the gabled roofs of a small part of the old town,
beech and oak forests surrounding them. Arrived at the
castle, and standing on Ihe old ramparts, the visitor sees
beneath him and close around him woods of gnarled oak,
beech, and waving pine-trees ; and, in the distance to the
north, tho Westerwold ; to the south, the Taunus mountains,
with their peaks ranging one above the other, which
make a background such as Nature alone, in her wild
grandeur, can supply. Within the building, however, a visitor
to Braunfels, or one merely passing through, will find more to
interest him. The numerous rooms and halls are arranged in
exquisite taste, showing the styles of different periods, with
tine old delicately carved oak, china, many-coloured tapestries,
antique silver, curiously patterned laces and embroideries;
amongst the latter is the wedding-dress of St. Elizabeth
of Thuringen. made at the nunnery of Altenburg, a few
miles distant from Braunfels, and the property of the
Solms family. The Baronial Hall, with its weird arched
roof, and the collection of the old armour adorning
its walls, demands a careful inspection. The picture
galleries are worth much attention, containing, besides
manv other portraits, those more intimately connected with
the history of England, such as tho picture of Count Henry
Solms and' his twelve trnsty Captains. There are various
modern works of art, among which are the realistic paintings
of wild animal life by Deiker.
One of the reasons, perhaps, why Braunfels is, or, rather,
was. so little known to travellers was the want of good
accommodation in tho town. But now a first-class establish-
incut, the Schloss Hotel, with every modern comtort for a
lengthened sojourn, has been erected. This place is recom¬
mended for its bracing air, calculated to restore one s healtn ,
while the beautiful walks through the woods, and excursions
to the interesting places in the neighbourhood within pleasa
driving distance, will occupy the time, with some excellent
fishing on a stream many miles in length, and other sp ,
which can easily be obtained. Prince Albert holmss kennels
are within walking-distance, and people interested in uog.
should not fail to visit them. They are probably WWJ*
on the Continent, and contain as fine a collection of ^otring
and other dogs of the purest strains, nearly all n Jl ,
winners, as can be seen anywhere in England. Braunfels,
with all these attractions, should have many English usito
in the present and future seasons.
Tho Earl and Countess of Aberdeen entertained on Aug. 6>
at Dollis Hill. 350 residents of the Homes for Borkmg-G
in London. Dr. George Macdonald, Mr. John Shrnnp ,
Captain Sinclair were also present.
During the past seven months 173,961 emigrants of Bntisn
origin left the kingdom, of whom 124,182 went to ,
States, 25,353 to British North America, and 16,123 to An
asia. In the first seven months of 18*7 the number^
169,556, of whom 124,311 were for the United
for British North America, and 17,922 for Australasia.
the past month the number was 19,134, as coiuj.
29,938 in July, 1887, 2,524 of this decrease bc.ng m
emigration to the United States.
AUG. 11, 1333
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
159
THE NAVAL MANOEUVRES.
Our Special Artists, Mr. W. II. Overend and Mr. J. R. Wells,
respectively accompanying:, on board H.M.8. Northumberland
and H.M.S. Hercules, the ** A squadron,” under command of
Vice-Admiral Baird, and the “ B squadron” commanded by
Rear-Admiral Sir George Tryon, have supplied ns with many
sketches of the contest in manoeuvres and tactics of naval
warfare, on the south-west coast of Ireland. It has been
explained to our readers that the - B squadron” represents an
enemy's fleet which has occupied the western and northern
ports of that island, especially Bantry Bay, in the county of
(’ork. and Lough Swilly. in Donegal, with the intention of
attacking Great Britain, and of destroying British vessels at
sea. The “ A squadron,” at the beginning of hostilities on
duly 24, blockaded the enemy's ships in both these harbours ;
the operations oil the north coast being conducted by Rear-
Admiral Rowley, with his division of the “A squadron ” from
the Isle of Arran. Firth of Clyde, investing the position of
Rear-Admiral Fit/.rov. who was in Lough Swilly with his
division of the •• U squadron.” Our present Illustrations,
however, are confined to the blockade of Bantry Bay by the
main division of the “ A squadron,” immediately commanded
bv Admiral Baird, and Sir George Tryon ’h defence of bis
position with tbo •• B squadron,” first division, stationed at
Berehaven, where it is sheltered by a small island near the
north shore of Bantry Bay, called Bear Island. That shore
extends to a promontory fifteen miles further westward,
opposite Dursey Island, in the open Atlantic; its most
southerly point is Black Ball Head, well outside of Bantry
Bay. The mainland shores of Cork, again deeply penetrated
by Dunmaniis Bay, terminate to the south at Brow Head,
near the little fishing-port of C’rookhaven, and within sight of
Cape Clear, which is not part of the mainland, but another small
island, well known to American mail steam-ships on their way
to Cork Harbour. An enemy’s fleet, once permitted to get out
of Berehaven with impunity, might cover the whole south¬
western coast of Ireland, secure the harbours of Kinsale,
Cork, and Queenstown, and possibly Waterford, to place troops
where they would be available for an invasion of the West of
England and South Wales, or to force an entrance up the
Severn. The blockade of Berehaven is. therefore, in the caso
supposed, a necessary part of British defensive operations.
War was declared at noon on July 24. At that time the
*; A squadron,” first division, wasoff the entrance to Bantry Bay.
Several of the enemy's positions of observation had been seen
at various points along the coast, as at Brow Head, between
Bantry Bay and Cape Clear. The Admiral gave orders to the
Active, Commodore Markham, to form an inner blockading
squadron at the outbreak of hostilities, consisting of the
Active, Rover, Mersey, Archer, and Collingwood. Tins
squadron was reconnoitring the western entrance to Bere¬
haven, when, ns soon as war was declared, the iron¬
clads steamed at full speed into Bantry Bay. Two of
the enemy's cruisers, the Iris and the Cossack, were soon
discerned on the look-out. As the squadron advanced ill
column of divisions, line ahead, the Admiral leading, the port
line fire was opened with quick-firing guns on the enemy, who
held his ground, but did not return tbo fire. After a brief
cannonade the squadron reversed its course, forming columns
of divisions in quarter line. The Iris and her consort proceeded
to follow at a respectful distance. In the afternoon the iron¬
clad squadron again stood inwards to reconnoitre, the enemy's
cruisers still remaining on the watch. The flag-ship advanced
far enough to see the mastheads of several of the enemy’s
ships over the low ground of Hear Island. 'Ibe Iris uud
Cossack then retired within the protected anchorage, having
advanced as far as was considered prudent. Admiral Baird now
made a signal to alter the course to seaward. As this
manoeuvre was being performed, two second-class torpedo-
boats were observed making towards the fleet from the east.
Fire was opened upon them with rifles and quick-firing guns
from the whole squadron, and in less than two minutes they
retired out of range.
The conditions of warfare laid down by the Admiralty
THE NAVAL MANOEUVRES: BLOCKADE OF BEREHAVEN.—SIGNAL BY TWO ROCKETS FROM THE INSHORE SQUADRON TO THE ADMIRAL OUTSIDE.
FROM A SKETCH HY CNE OF OCR SPECIAL ARTISTS.
8 ,em to place the blockading squadron at a great disad¬
vantage. The Iris and Cossack could not in actual war have
remained for so long as they did within range of the ironclad
squadron without being destroyed ; yet Admiral Baird was
powerless to put them out of action, because the rules require
that, in order to do this, ho must remain for one hour con¬
tinuously within 3000 yards of an enemy's ship. In the
evening Admiral Baird’s fleet was divided into two sqnodrous ;
the inner squadron, under Commodore Markham, taking up a
position ns near as was prudent to the enemy’s anchorage,
while the ironclad 8|nadron remained some miles outside, both
squadrons steaming slowly backwards and forwards across the
mouth of Bantry Bay.
day. at eleven in the forenoon, the enemy—the
, squadron"—was observed steaming out with four battle¬
ships, the Hercules, Warspite, Ajax, and Hero ; and three
cruisers, the Severn, Iris, and Volage. The blockading
squadron immediately began to manreuvre for the purpose of
preventing his escape. As he steamed along outside Bear
island, the enemy opened fire from his broadside guns at a
usance estimated on board the Northnmberland as at least
mw yards, but as this was iWOO yards beyond the limit fixed
•\v regulations for the conduct of an action, his fire was not
maniod. .Simultaneously with this somewhat futile display
the volage, supported by tlie Severn and Iris, was observed
near the western entrance to the strait of Berehaven. evidently
i‘U<L»ivoiiring to slip out if she could. The Mersey was at
8l ’ nt }° prevent her escape, nnd, if possible, to cat off her
it re it. 'J lie former object was soon accomplished, as the
• ‘‘iscy opened fire as soon ns she got within range, and the
"Ugo was forthwith recalled by Admiral Tryon. who by this
lime was steaming back with his whole fleet to his anchorage
crohaven. This position is in the narrow strait between
l aad tho north shore of Bantry Bay. The
eastern entrance was protected by a boom within which the
Rupert, with torpedo-nets in position, was anchored head and
stern. Outside the boom was an extensive mine-field. At tho
western entrance, but slightly eastward of Castletown, another
line of mines was hid down, but there appeared to be no boom.
The main body of the enemy's fleet was stationed in two lines
about midway between the two mine-fields, the Hercules,
Ajax, ami Severn hung next the mainland, and the Hero,
Warspite, and Iris under Bear Island. The Volage, with the
Cossack. Sandfiv, and several torpedo-boats, occupied a position
under Bear Island, near the western mine-field, and the
Rupert was also supported by torpedo-boats stationed near
the boom.
One of our Sketches is that of the officers on board Admiral
Baird’s flag-ship, on the night of July 24. observing a signal of
two rockets apparently made from Commodore Markham’s
inshore squadron, to warn the Admiral that two of the
enemy’s torpedo-boats and one ironclad were coming out. This
signal was afterwards believed to have been a feint made hy
the enemy, to harass and disturb the blockading fleet; as no
ironclad did come out. but one torpedo-boat furtively approached
H.M. Collingwood, of the inshore squadron. On being chal¬
lenged, the reply from this torpedo-boat was “A friend,”
giving a false number, but without the pass-word ; the Col¬
lingwood then opened fire, and the nocturnal intruder made
off very quickly.
The torpedo-boats on both sides bavo been very active
during the blockade. We have not space to relate all their
achievements and encounters with each other ; but onr Artist
with Sir George Tryon’s “ B Sqnadron," Mr. Wells, furnishes
a sketch of I ho capture of two of Admiral Baird's torpedo-
boats. on Friday night, July 27, off Black Ball Head, by four
torpedo-brat* running out from Berehaven. It seems, how¬
ever, that Admiral Baird has denied the reality of this capture.
At length, on Saturday. Aug. .*», after various movements
nnd counter-movements, the account of which may be deferred
to form an explanatory narrative with the Sketches to appear
in a futnre publication, the blockade of Bantry Bay suddenly
canic to end. It was broken through, on the preceding night,
by .Sir George Tryon’s squadron, which was thereupon Inn*,
mid might attempt either to enter St. George's Channel, the
Severn, or the British Channel or to joiu Admiral Fitzroy to
the north.
In the north of Ireland, also, the blockade maintained by
Admiral Rowley at Lough Swilly has not been so effective as
to prevent the ships from the squadron of Admiral Fitzroy
escaping his vigilance, and running over to attack the Scottish
coast. It seems that one of ihe •• B Squadron,” II.M.S. Calypso,
which had eluded the blockade at Lough Swilly, captured
Oban on Friday night, Aug. 8, and laid the town under con¬
tribution, destroying the telegraph, or rather giving all con¬
cerned notice that they were to consider themselves unable
to resist pillage and destruction. On Sunday. Aug.another
of Admiral Fitzroy’s squadron, the Spider, came up the. Clyde
and bombarded Greenock sufficiently to destroy the town nnd
captured the coastguard cutter. She afterwards paid a similar
compliment to Ardrossan. where Captain Hogarth, in command
of the battery, claims to have beaten her off. A bombardment
of several towns on the British coasts was to be expected. On
Monday, four of Admiral Fitzroy‘a ironclads. H.M.S. Devasta¬
tion. U.M.K. Rodney, and two others, which had passed from
Lough Swilly round the north of Scotland into the German
Ocean, bombarded Aberdeen early in the morning, captured
two forts, and proceeded to the Firth of Fuitli, where they
engaged and silenced the Inc.hkeith batteries, ami went up to
the Forth Bridge, but did not molest Leith and Edinburgh.
Berwiek-on-Twced was visited by the cne.ny on the s.:ao
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 11, 1888
ICO
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
Author oh - Dorothy Rorbtrr," “CimumHX of oxhios,”
"THR RRVOI.T or MAX.” “KATIIAHISH RXOISA," RTC.
CHAPTER XI.
BEFORE THE STORM.
EFORE the storm
breaks there some¬
times falls upon the
earth a brief time
when the sun shines
in splendour from a
clear sky, the air is
balmy and delight¬
some, the birds sing
in the coppice, and
the innocent lambs
leap in the meadows.
Then, suddenly, dark
clouds gather from
the north ; the wind
blows cold; ill a
minute the sky is
black; the lightnings
thunders roll, the wind
mar.-, tlx hail beats down and strips
the orchard nt it- promise, and silences the
bird- cowering in tlx branches and drives the
tr milling -lx p to take-hcltcrin the hedges.
Thi- wa- I " be my m-e. You shall understand
how for a -ingle day it wa- no more—I was the
happiest girl in all the world.
I may now without any shame confess that I
have always loved Robin, from my earliest child¬
hood. That was no great wonder seeing what manner of
boy he was, and how lie was always kind and thoughtful for
me. We were at first only brother and sister together, which
is natural and reasonable when children grow up together;
nor can I tell when or how we reused to be brother and sister,
save (hat it may have been when Robin ki-sed me so tenderly
at parting, and told me that he should always love me. I do
not think that brothers do generally protest love and promise
continual affection. Burnaby certainly never declared his love
for me, nor did lie ever promise to love me nil his life. Perhaps,
had he remained longer, he might have become as tender as lie
was good-hearted ; but I think that tenderness towards a sister
is not ill the nature of a boy. I loved Robin, and I loved
Humphrey, both ns if they were brothers; but one of them
ecisiyi to be my brother, while the other, in consequence,
remained my brother always.
A girl may lie ignorant of the world as I was, and of lovers
and their ways as 1 was, and yet she cannot grow from a child
lo a woman without knowing that when a young man who hath
promised to love her always, speaks of her in every letter,
lie menus more than common brotherly love. Nov can any
woman be indifferent to a mail who thus regards her: nor
can she think upon love without the desire of being herself
loved. Truly, 1 had always before my eyes the spectacle of
that holy love which consecrates every part of life. 1 mean,
in the ease of my mother, whose waking and sleeping thoughts
were all for her hu-bund, who worked continually and cheer¬
fully with her hands that he might be enabled to study wit limit
other work, and gave up her whole life, without grudging—
eyen reckoning it her happiness and her privilegi—in order
to provide food and shelter for him. ft was enough reward for
her that he should sometimes lay his hand lovingly upon her
land, or turn his eyes with affix'(ion to meet licrs.
It was ill the night of June 12, as I lay in bed, not yet
asleep, though it was already past nine o’clock, that I heard
the trampling of hoofs crossing the stream and passing our
cottage. Had 1 known wlio were riding those horses there
would have been but little sleep for me that night. But 1
knew not, and did not suspect, and so, supposing that it was
only one of the fanners belated, 1 closed my eyes, and pre¬
sently slept until the morning.
About five o’clock, or a Tittle before that time, I awoke,
the sun having already arisen, and being now well up above the
hills. I therefore arose softly, leaving my mother asleep still,
and, having dressed quickly, and prayed a little, 1 crept
down the -tails. In the house there was such a stillness that I
could even hear the regular breathing of my father as lie slept
upon iiis pallet among his books; it was chill and damp (as is
the custom in the early morning) in the room where we lived
and worked. Yet, when 1 threw open door and shutter and
looked outside, the air was full of warmth and refreshment;
as for the birds, they had long since left their nests, and now
were busy looking for their breakfast; t':c larks were singing
overhead, and the bees already humming and droning. AVho
would lie abed when he could get up and enjoy the beauty of
the morning!' When 1 had breathed a while, with pleasure
and satisfaction, tile soft air, which was laden with the scent
of (lowers and of hay, I went indoors again, and swept and
dusted the room. Then 1 opened the cupboard, and con¬
sidered the provision for breakfast. For my father there
would he a slice of cold bacon with a good crust of home¬
made bread (better bread or sweeter was nowhere to be had)
and a cup of eider, warming to the spirits and good, for one
who is no longer young, against any rawness of the morning
air. For my mother and myself there would be, as soon as
our neighbours’ cows were milked, a cup of warm milk and
bread soaked in it. ’Tis a breakfast good for a grown person
as well ns for a child, and it cost us nothing but the trouble of
going to take it.
When I had swept the room and laid everything in its
place I went into the garden, hoc in hand, to weed the beds
and trim the borders. The garden was not very big. it is
true, but it produced many things useful for us; notably
onions and sallct, besides many herbs good for the house, for
it was a fertile strip of ground and planted in every part of it.
Now, such was the beauty of the morning and the softness of
• the air that I presently forgot the work about which 1 had
come into the garden, and sat down in the shade upon a
bench, suffering my thoughts to wander hither and thither.
Much have 1 always pitied those poor folk in towns who can
never escape from the noise and clatter of tongues and sit
somewhere in the sunshine or the shade, while the cattle low
in the meadows and the summer air makes the leaves to
rustle, and thus alone suffer tlieir thoughts to wander here and
there. Every morning when I smsc was this spectacle of
Nature’s gladness presented to my eyes, but not every
morning could my spirit (which sometimes crawls, as if fearing
the light of day and the face of the sunj rise to meet and greet
it, and to feel it calling aloud for a hymn of praise and thanks¬
giving. For, indeed, this is a beautiful world, if we could
always (which we cannot for the carthliuiss of our nntures)
suffer its loveliness to sink into our hearts. 1 know not what 1
thought this morning; but I remember, while I considered
the birds, which neither renp nor sow, nor take any thought of
•AU MifhU llurrtml.
to-morrow, yet are daily fed by Heaven, that the words were
whispered in mine ear: ” Are ye not much better than they r
And this, without doubt, prepared my heart for what should
° While I sat thinking of I know not what, there came foot-
steps-quick footsteps—along the road; and 1 knew those
footsteps, and sprang to my feet, and ran to the garden-gate,
crying, “ Robin !—it is Robin ! ”
Yes; it was Robin. . .
He seized me by both hands, looking in my face curiously
^“ AUce he said, drawing a deep breath, “Oh ! but what
hath happened to thee?”
“ What should happen, Robin ?”
“Oh! Thou art changed, Alice! I left thee almost a
child, and now—now—I thought to catch thee in my arms—
a sweet rustic nymph—and now—fain must I go upon my
knees to a goddess.” .
“ Robin! ” Who, indeed, would have expected such
language from Robin? .
•’ Alice,” he said, sfilt gazing upon me with a kind of
wonder which made mi blush, “ do you remember when we
parted four years ago—the words we said ? As for me, I have
never forgotten them. .1 was to think of thee always-; 1 was
(o love thee always. Truly I may say that there is never a day
but thou hast been in my mind. But not like this ”-- He
continued to look upon me as upon some strange.creature, so
that 1 began to be frightened and turned away.
* - Xav. Alice, forgive me. I am one who is dazzled by tile
splendour of the sun. Forgive me; i cannot speak. I thought
of a village beauty, rosy-cheeked, sweet and wholesome as an
August quarunder, and I find”-
“ Robin—uot a goddess.”
“ Well, then, a woman tall and stately, and more beau¬
tiful than words can say."
“ Nay, Robin, you do but flatter. That is not like the old
Robin X remember and”- I should have added “loved,"
but the word stuck.
“ I swear, sweet saint—if I may swear—nay, then I <lo
affirm, that I do not flatter. Hear me tell a plain tale. I have
travelled far since last I saw thee; 1 have seen the great ladies
of the Court both of St. James’s and of the Louvre; I have
seen the famous beauties of Provence, and the blaek-eyed
witches of Italy; but nowhere have I seen a woman half so
fair.”
“Robin—you must not! Nay, Robin—you shame me! ”
Then he knelt at my feet and seized my hand nnd kissed it.
Oh, the foolishness of a man in love ! And yet it pleases us.
No woman is worth it. No woman can understand it; nor c an
she comprehend the power and might of man’s love, nor why
he singles out heraldic from all the rest and fills his heart
wholly with Jier, so that all otht r women are henceforward as
his sisters. It is wonderful; it is most wonderful. Yet it
pleases us. Nay, wo c annot choose lint, thank Ood for it with
all our heart mid with all our soul.
I would not, if I could, set down all the tilings which Robin
said. First, because the words of lore are sacred; next,
because I would not that other women should know the ex-
travugance of his praise. It was in broken words, because love
can never be eloquent.
As for me, what could I do, wliat could I say? For 1 had
loved him from my very childhood, and now all my heart went
out from me and bec ame his. I was all Ills. I was bis slave
to command- That is the quality of earthly love by which it
most closely resembles the heavenly love, so that just as the
godly man is wholly devoted to the will of the Lord in all
things great and small, resigned to His chastisements, and
always anxious to live nnd die in His service, so in earthly
love one must be wholly devoted to the person whom one loves.
And Robin was come home again, and 1 was lying ill his
arms and he was kissing mo and calling me all the sweet mid
tender things that lie could invent, and laughing and sighing
together as if ton happy to be quiet. Oil! sweetest moments
of my life ! Why did they pass so quickly ? Oh ! sacrament
of love, which can be taken only onc e, and yet changes the
whole of life and fills it witli memory which is wholly sweet!
Ill all other earthly things there is something of bitterness.
In this holy joy of pure and sacred love there is no bitterness—
no: not any. It leaves behind nothing of reproach or of
repentance, of shame or of sorrow. It is altogether holy.
Now, when my boy had somewhat recovered from his first
rapture, and l hail assured him very earnestly that 1 was not,
inch e l, an angel, but a most sinful woman, daily offending in
my inner thoughts (an assurance which lie received, indeed,
with mi appearance of disbelief mid scorn) 1 was able to con¬
sider his appearance, which was now very fine, though always,
ns 1 learned when I saw him among other gentlemen, with
some soberness as became one whose upbringing inclined him
to plainness of dress as well as of speech and manner. He
wore a long wig of brown hair, which might have been his own
but lor its length ; his hat was laced and cocked, which gave
him a gallant and martial appearance ; liis neckcloth was long
and of fine lace; beside him in my russet gown 1 must have
looked truly plain and rustic ; but Robin was pleased not to
think so, and love is a great magician to client the eyes.
He was home again; he told me lie should travel no more
(yet you shall hear how far he afterwards travelled against his
will): his only desire now was to stay at home and live as his
grandfather had lived, in his native village; be had nothing to
pray for but the continuance of my love—of which, indeed,
there was no doubt possible.
It was now close upon six o’clock, and I bogged liim to go
away for the present, anil if my father and Sir Christopher
should agree, and if it should seem to liis Honour a fit nnd
proper thing that Robin should marry a girl so penniless ns
myself, why—then—we might meet again after breakfast, or
after dinner; or, indeed, at any other time, and so discourse
more upon the matter. So he left me, being very reluctant to go;
and I, forgetting my garden and what I had come forth to do,
returned to the house.
You must understand that aU these things passed in the
garden divided from the lane by a thick hedge and that passers-
by—but there were none—could not, very well, have seeu what
was done, though they might have heard what was said. But
if my father had looked out of his window lie could have seen,
and if my mother had come down-stairs she also might have
seen through the window, or through the open door. Of this I
thought not upon, nor was there anything to hide—though
one would not willingly suffer anyone, even one’s own mother—
to see and listen at such a moment. Yet mother has since
told me that she saw Robin on his knees kissing my hands,
but she withdrew and would not look again.
When 1 stepped within the door she was at work with her
wheel, and looked up with a smile upon her lips, but tears
were lying in her eyes. Had I known what she had seen, I
should have been ashamed.
“ Daughter,” she said softly, “ thy cheek is burning red.
Hast thou, perchance, been too long in the sun ? ”
“ No, mother, the sun is not too hot.”
“Daughter,” she went on, still smiling through her tears,
“ thine eyes are bright and glowing. Hast thou a touch of
fever by ill chance”
“No, mother, I have no fever.”
“ Child, thy lips are trembling and thy hands are shaking.
My dear, my dear, what is it ? Tell thy mother all.”
She held out her arms to me, and I threw myself at her
feet and buried my head in her lap as if I had been again a
child.
“Mother! mother!” I cried, “Robin hath come home
again, and he says he loves me, and nothing will do but ho
must marry me.”
“My dear,” she said, kissing and fondling me, “Robin
hath always been a good lad, and I doubt not that he hath
returned unspotted from the world ; but, nay, do not let ns be
too sure. For, first, his Honour must consent, and (lien
Madam; and thy father must be asked—and he would never,
for any worldly honour—no, never—suffer thee to marry aii
ungodly man. As for thy lack of fortune, I know not if that
will not also stand in the way ; and as for family, tliy father,
though he was born in New England, cometh of a good stock]
and I myself am a gentlewoman, nnd on both sides wc bear
an ancient coat-of-arms. And as for thyself, my dear, thou
art — 1 thank God for it!—of a sweet temper and an
obedient disposition. From the earliest thou hast never
given thy mother any uneasiness, and I think thy heart
hath been mercifully disposed towards goodness from tliv
childhood upwards. It is a special grace in this our long
poverty and oppression ; and it consoles me partly for the loss
of my son Barnaby.” Here she was silent for a space, and her
eyes filled and brimmed over. “ Daughter,” she said earnestly,
“ thou art comely in the eyes of men ; that have I known tin
long. It is partly for thy sweet looks that Sir Christophu
loves thee; Mr. Boscorel plays music with tliee partly because
liis eyes love to behold the beauty of woman. Nay, I mean no
reproach, because it is the nature of men to love all things
beautiful, whether it be the plumage of a bird or the shape of
a woman’s head. Yes; thou art beautiful, my dear. Beauty
passes, but love remains. Thy husband will perchance never
cease to think thee lovely if he still proves daily thy goodness
and the loveliness, of thy heart. My dear, thou hast long
comforted thy mother; now shalt thou go, with the blessing
of the Lord, to be the solace and the joy of thy husband.”
CHAPTER XII.
HUMPHREY.
Presently my father came in, the Bible in his hand. By hue
countenance it was plain that he had been already engaged in
meditation, and that Ids mind was charged as with a message.
Alas ! to think of the many great discourses that lie pro¬
nounced (being as a dog who must be muzzled should he leave
tlie farm-yard) to us women alone. If they were written down
the world would lift up its hands with wonder, and ask if a
prophet indeed hail been vouchsafed to this unhappy country.
The Roman Church will have that the time of Saints did not
end with the last of the Apostles; that may he, and yet a
Saint has no more power after death than remains in his
written words and in the memory of his life. Shall we not,
however, grunt that there may still be Prophets, who see and
apprehend the meaning of words and of things more fully
than others even as spiritually minded as themselves? Now,
I say, considering what was immediately to befall us, the
passage which my father read and expounded that morning,
was in a manner truly prophetic. It was the Vision of the
Basket of Summer Fruit which was vouchsafed to the Prophet
Amos. He read to us that terrible chapter—everybody knows
it, though it hath but fourteen verses:
“1 will turn your feasts into mourning and all your songs
into lamentation. ... 1 will send a famine in the land; not
a famine of bread or a thirst of water, but of hearing the
words of tile Is.nl.”
lie then applied the chapter to these times, saying that
the Scriptures and the prophecies apply not only to the
Israel of the time when Amos or any other prophet lived,
but to the people of God in all ages, yet so that some¬
times one prophet seems to deliver the message that befits the
time and sometimes another. All these things prophesied by
Amos had come to pass in this country of Great Britain, so
that there was, anil had now been for twenty-five years, a
grievous famine and a sore thirst for the words of the Lord,
lie continued to explain and to enlarge upon this topic for
nearly ail hour, when he concluded with a fervent prayer that
the famine would pass away and the sealed springs be open
again for the children of grace to drink and be refreshed.
This done, lie took liis breakfast in silence, as was his wont,
loving not to be disturbed by any earthly matters when his
mind was full of his morning discourse. When he had eaten
the bread and meat and taken the cup of eider, lie arose and
went back to his own room, and shut the door. Wc should
have no more speech of him until dinner-time.
“ 1 will speak with him, my dear,” said my mother. “ But
not yet. Let us wait till we licur from Sir Christopher.”
“ I would that my father had rend us a passage of en¬
couragement nnd promise on this morniDg of all mornings,”
1 said.
My mother turned over the leaves of the Bible. “ I will
read you a verse of encouragement,” she said. “ It is the
word of God as much as the Book of the Prophet Amo*.” So
she found and read for my comfort words which had a new
meaning to me:—
“ My beloved spake and said unto me, * Rise up, my love,
my fair one, and come away. For, lo ! the winter is past, the
rain is over and gone; the flowers appear on the earth: the
time of the singing of birds is come, and the voice, of the
turtle is heard in our land! The fig-tree puttctli forth her
green figs, and the vines with the tender grape give a good
smell. Arise, my love, my fair on, and come away. ’ ”
And again, these that follow :—
“ Set me as a seal upon thy heart, ns a seal upon thine arm;
for love is strong as death ; jealousy is cruel as the grave : the
coals thereof are coals of fire, which hath a most vehement
flame. Many waters cannot quench love, neither cm the
floods drown it. If a man would give all tlie substance of lus
house for love it would utterly be contemned.”
In these gracious, nay, these enraptured, words, doth the
Bible speak of love; and though I am not so ignorant as not to
know that it is the love of the Church for Christ, yet l am
persuaded by my own spiritual experience—whatever Doctors
of Divinity may argue—that the earthly love of husband atm
wife may be spoken of in these very words as being the type ot
that other mid higher love. And ill this matter I know that
my mother would also confirm my judgment.
’ It might have been between nine and ten that Humphrey
came. Surely he was changed more than Robin ; for toe
great white periwig which he wore (being now a physician) tau-
ing upon his shoulders did partly hide the deformity ot ms
wry shape, and the black velvet coat did also become mm
mightily. As for his face, that was not changed at alt. «
had been grave and serious in youth : it was now more gra
and more serious in inuuhood. lie stood in the doorway, not
seeing me—1 was making a pudding for dinner, witli m}
sleeves rolled up and my arms white with flour.
“ Mistress Eykin,” he said, “are old friends passed out of
mind ? ”
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, A vo. it, 1888.—IGi
DRAWN HY A. POKE8TIF.lt.
Ami Robin mu come home again, and I mat lying in hit armt and he teat kitting me.
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM."—BT WALTER BESANT.
162
AUG. 11, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
“ Why,” my mother left her wheel and gave him her hand,
“'tis Humphrey! I knew that we should sec thee this
morning, Humphrey. Is thy health good, my son, and is
all well with the a? ”
“All is Well, Madam, and my health is good. How is my
master - thy hushund? ”
“ lie is always well, and—hut thou Jcnowest what manner
of life he leads.' of late hi' hath been milch disquieted ; he is
restless--Ills mind runs mueh upon the prophecies of war and
prstili nee. It is the news from Loudon and the return of the
Mass which keep him uneasy, (to in and see him, Humphrey,
lie will willingly suffer thee to disturb him, though we must
not go near him in his hours of stiulv.”
•• I’reseldh . hilt whole is mv old plavfellow-whoiv is
Alieef"
“ She is behind you. Humphrey.’
He turned, and his pale face flashed when he saw me.
“Alice':” he cried. “Is this truly Alice? Nay, she is
changed indeed! I knew not-I could’not expect—nay, how
could one expect"-
•'There is no change,'’ said my mother, sharply. “Alice
was a child, and is now a woman: that is all.”
“Humphrey expects,’’ 1 said, “that wc should all stop
still while Time went oil. You were to lx-eonie a Bachelor of
Medicine, Sir, and a Fellow of All Souls' College, and to travel
in I taly and Franco, and to come back in n velvet coat, and a
long swonl and a periwig over vcmr shoulders; and I was to
be a little gill still.”
Humphrey shook his head.
“ It is not only that,” he said ; “ though I confess that one
did not make clue allowance for the flight of Time. It is that
til ■ sweet-faced c hild lias become ”-
“No. Humphrey,” I said. “ I want no compliments. Go
now. Sir. and spcali with my father. Afterwards you shall tell
nec all that you have been doing.”
11 c obeyed, and opened my father’s door.
" Humphrey ! " My father sprung to his feet. “ Welcome,
my pupil ! Thou bringcst good news ? Nay; I have received
thv letter.- : 1 read the good news in thy face -1 see it in
t'lilie eyes. Welcome home ! ”
“Sir, I have, indeed, great news,” said Humphrey.
Then the door was closed.
He stayed there for half an hour and move ; and we heard
from within earnest talk -lay father’s voice sometimes up¬
lifted, loud and angry, but Humphrey’* always low, as if he
di'l not wish us to overhear them. So, not to seem unto each
other as if we were listening, mother and 1 talked of oilier
tilings, such as the lightness of tile pudding and the quantity
of suet whic h should be put into it, and tlio time it should boil
in tile pot, and oilier things as women can whose hearts ure
full, yet they must needs be t liking.
“ Father hath mm h to say to Humphrey,” I said, after a
time : “ lie (loth not use to like such interruption ? ”
" Humphrey's conversation is no interruption, my clear.
They think the .-nine thoughts and talk the name language.
Your father may teaeli and admonish us, but lie can only
converse with a scholar such as himself. It is not the least
evil of our oppression that he hath been cut off from tlie
society of learned men, in which lie used to take so much
delight. If Humphrey remains here a little while you shall
see your father lose the eager and anxious look which hath of
late possessed him. He will tidk to Humphrey, and will clear
his maul. Then he will be contented again for a while, or, at
Last, resigned.”
I’r, senlly Humphrey cmne forth. His face was grave and
serious. Jly father came out. of the room after him.
“Let us talk more.” he said—“let us resume our talk.
Join me on the hill-side, where none can hear us. It is,
indeed, the Vision of the Basket of Bummer Fruit that eve
l- ad (his morning." IIis face was working With come inward
excitement, and his eyes wen- full of a strange light us of a
glad conqueror, or ill' one- forbid the thought.’ —who was
taking a dire revenge. He strode down the garden and out
into the lanes.
“Tims,” said my mother, “will he walk out mid som:--
times remain in the woods, walking, preaching to the winds,
mid swinging his arms the whole day long. Art thou a
physician, and cunst thou lieal him, Humphrey ? ”
“ [f tlie cause be removed, the disease will be cured,
l’fihaps before long the cause will be removed.”
“The cause—oh ! the cause—what is the cause but tlie
tyranny of the Law? He who was ordered by Heaven itself
to preach hath been, perforce, silent for iive-and-twenty years.
Ills very life hath been taken from him. And you tulk of
removing the cause ! ”
" Maclam, if tlie Law suffer him once more to preach freely,
would that satisfy him—and you ? ”
My mother shook her head. “The Law,” she said,
“noW wc have a 1 ’upist on the throne, it is far more likely
t.. lead 111 V husband to tlie stake than to set him free.”
" That shall we shortly see,” said Humphrey.
My mother bent her head over her wheel as one who wishes
to talk no more upon the subject. She loved not to speak
concerning her husband to any except tome.
I went out into the garden with Humphrey. I was foolish.
I laughed at nothing. I talked nonsense. Oh! I was so
happy that if a pipe and tnbor had been heard ill the village 1
should have danced to the music, like poor Baniaby the night
before lie rail away. 1 regarded not tlie grave mid serious fac-3
oi 1113 ' companion.
“ You are merry. Alice," said Humphrey.
“ 11 is because you are come back again—you and Robin,
oil! the tilin' lias been long and chill—anil now you have conic
back we shall all be happy again. Yes: my father will reuse
to fret and rage: he will talk Latin and Greek With you;
.Sir Christopher will be happy only in looking upon you:
Madam will have her son home again: and Mr. Boscorel will
bring out nil the old music for you. Humphrey, it is a happy
day that brings you home again.”
“ It may be a lmppy day also for me,” he said; “but
there is much to b: done. Wile'll the business we have in
hand is accomplished”— —
“ WTiut business, Humphrey ?” For he spoke so gravely
that it startled me.
‘"Tis business of which thy father knows, child. Nay ; let
ns not talk of it. I think and hope that it is as goo 1 as accom¬
plished now before it is well taken in hand. It is not of that
Inisiiies i that I would speak. Alice, thou art so beautiful and
to tail"-
“Nay, Humphrey. I must not be flattered.”
“ And I so crooked.”
"Humphrey, I will not hear this talk. You, so great a
scholar, thus to speak of yourself ! ”
" Let me speak of inys lf. my dear. Hear me for a
moment.” I declare that 1 laid not the least thought of wlmt
li • was going to say, my mind being wholly occupied with the
idea of Robin.
“ I am a physician, as you doubtless know. I am Me lieiine
Hi I nr ol Oxford, of I’aclua, Montpellier, and Leyden. 1 know
all I may fairly say, and Without 1 masting that may be
le:ulied iiy one of my age from schools of medicine and from
books on the science and practice of healing. I believe, in
short, that I am as good a physician as can be found within
these sens. 1 am minded, as msui ns tranquillity is restored, to
set U]> as a physician ill London, where 1 have already many
friends, and am assured of some support. I think, humbly
speaking, that reasonable success awaits me. Alice—you
know that I have loved von all lay life -will you marry me,
crooked as I am? (Hi! von cannot but know that I have loved
vou all my life. Oh ! i liild.” lie strel lied forth Ids hands, and
in his eve's there was a world of longing and of sadness which
moved'my heart. “My (lav. Hie crooked in body luive no
friends mining men; they cannot join in their rough sports,
nor drink with them, nor fight with them. They hnve no
chance of h ppm—> but ill love, my dear. My dear, give me
that chance. I love tliee. (Hi! my clear, give me that clmiicc?”
Never had I seen Humphrey so moved before. I felt guilty
and ashamed in the presence of this passion of which I was tlie
most unworthy cause.
“Oh : Humphrey, stop -for He, -mil's sake stop !- because I
am but this very morning promised to llobin, who loves me,
too—anil I love Robin, Humphrey.” lie sank back, pule and
disordered, mid I thought that lie would swoon, but lie
recovered. ” Humphrey, never doubt that I love you, too.
But oh ! I love Robin, and Robin loves me.”
“ Yes, dear—yes, child—yes, Alice,” lie said in broken
accents. “ I understand. Kvivytliing is for Robin—every¬
thing for Robin. Why, I might have guessed it! For Robin,
tlie straight and comely figure; for Robin, the strength ; for
ltobin, the inheritance; for Robin, happy love. For me, a
crooked body; for me, a feeble frame , fur me, the loss of
fortune; for me, contempt and povci ty; for me, tlie loss of
love— all for Robin—all for Robin ! ”
“ Humphrey—surely tlion wouldst not envy or be jealous
of Robin ! ” Never had I seen hint Ilia moved, or heard him
thus speak.
lie ma le no answer for a while. Then lie said slowly and
painfully,
“ Alice, I am ashamed. Why should not Robin have all ?
Who am I that I should have anylhing? Forgive me, child.
1 have lived in a paradise which fools create: for themselves.
I have suffered myself to dream that what I ardently desired
was possible and even probable. Forgive me. T.et me be as
before—your brother. Will you forgive me. clear? ”
"Oh,' Humphrey: there is nothing forme to forgive.”
“Nay, there is much for me to repent of. Forget it, then,
if there is nothing to forgive.”
“ [ have forgotten it already, Humphrey-”
’•Ho”—lie tinned upon me his grave, sweet face ;to think
of it makes meyearn with tenderness and pity; So. farewell,
fond dream ! Her not think, iny dear, that 1 envy Robin.
’Twas a sweet dream ! Y'et, I pray that Heaven in wrath may
forget mo if evev I suffer this passion of envy to hurt my
cousin Robin or thyself! ”
So saying, be burst from me with distraction in liis face.
Poor Humphrey ! Alas ! when I look back and consider this
day, there is a doubt which haunts nie. Always had 1 loved
Robin : that is most true. But 1 had always loved Humphrey :
that is most true. What if it had been llmiq lirey instead of
Robin wlio bad arisen in the early morning to tin<l liis sweet¬
heart in the garden when the dew was yet upon the grass?
ROYAL NATIONAL LIFK-1S0AT JN.STITTTION.
At a meeting of this institution, held oil Thursday, Aug. 2, at
its house, John-street, Adelphi. rewards amounting to £101
were granted to the crews of life-boats of the institution for
services rendered during the past month. The Portrush life¬
boat rendered assistance to the distressed brigantine Sunshine,
of St, John. N.IS. ; the Humvich. life-boat assisted to save the
schooner Leeds, of Goole. Tier crew of five persons, and the
master's wife, after the vessel had been seriously damaged by
collision with another ship: and the Barmouth life-boat saved
the yacht Petrel, of Barmouth, with two men on board, which
was in danger during a strong north-east gale. A reward was
also granted to the crew of a shore-boat for saving three
persons whose boat lmd been capsized in Carlingford Lough.
Payments amounting to £2171 were ordered to be made on the
203 life-boat establishments of the institution. Among the
contributions recently received were £100(1 from Mrs. Stoker,
of Hull, towards the cost of the Littleliampton and Blyth new
life-boats; £700 from tlie Huddersfield branch to meet the
expense of the Huddersfield new life-boat, recently placed at
Hasborongh: £75 annual subscription from E. F. White. Esq.,
and Miss White; and £13, proceeds of concert, per Newbiggin
branch.
The annnal contest for Hoggett s Coat and Badge took
place from London Bridge to Chelsea on Aug. 1, and resulted
as follows :—C. It. Harding, of Chelsea, 1 ; Frederick Bryant,
of Shadwell, 2 ; F. W. Robinson, of Putney, 3.
Lady Bandon on Aug. 1 presented the 3rd Battalion Royal
Mounter Fusiliers, at present stationed at Kinsalc undergoing
their annual training, with neev colours, at the Kinsalc
Barracks. The Rev. Canon Patterson, Protestant Chaplain of
the Cork district, assisted by the Rev. W. Darling, Rector of
Kinsalc, consecrated the new colours. In the evening the
officers of the regiment gave a ball, for which upwards of 1100
invitations were sent out.
At a meeting of tlie Leeds Town Council on Aug. 1, a
committee was appointed to report on the feasibility of holding
an international exhibition at Leeds in 1800. The Mayor
stated that Mr. Lee Bapty, manager of the International Exhi¬
bition at Brussels, had been in communication with him on
the subject. It was stated that the only exhibition ever held
in Leeds of any great importance was in 1875. That exhibition
realised £32, (hid. the profits on which were over £ 70(H). Since
the year 1875, the population of the borough had increased by
(10.000 or 70,000. and there had been a corresponding increase
in the population of the surrounding districts.
The Earl of Aberdeen presided on Aug. 1 at a special
conference on the subject of co-operation, held at the Irish
Exhibition, Olympia. In liis opening address he said he
thought it would be beneficial to keep in view the question of
how far members of working-men s co-operative societies wore
prepared to share losses as well as profits in their undertakings.
Mr. Benjamin Jones (hon. sec. to tlie southern section of the
Central Co-operative Board) read a paper on “ Co-operation as
a means of improving the condition of Irish Industries." He
expressed his conviction that the peculiar circumstances
surrounding the Irish jwople made the application of co¬
operative principles a more likely means of improving their
condition than tlie ordinary commercial methods. It would
interfere less with their present habits and ideas, and better
utilise their energies than by the establishment of private
works or factories. The co-operative method, also, would
ensure that surplus labour should be organised for its
exclusive and mutual benefit. A paper on “ Irish Co-operative
Woollen Industries " was read by Mr. B. O'Callaghan, anil a
general discussion ensil 'd, in which Mr. G. J. Holyoake and
oilier speakers took part. Thu delegates were afterwards
conducted over the Exhibition and shown the principal objects.
DIRGES.
With Dlnres through the High), with the thousand voices rising strong
With nil ilie mournful voices of the Dirge: imur'tl nrouml the coffin.
The illin-m churches anil Hie shuddering organs. ...
So journeys a hero to bis grave, in the great death-song of the
Inst of onr poets : and tlie “ tolling, tolling bells’ perpetual
clang" makes music to the ebant.
It is no wonder that in our wild and deep-delving English
poetry there is scarcely anything finer than the dirges : the
funeral hymns that the gloomy Northern nations havealwavs
loved to sing. Behind all our great poems is the reality of
Life and Death ever close at hand. This is the essence of onr
humour as of our gloom. It is in Merry England that Hood
the punster sings of the Bridge of Sighs ; anil that Lamb amid
his quaint conceits conies hack ever and again to the old Glome
of mortality—sees through tiie green and the daisies to the
mould and its worms beneath.
Dirges—" the very word is like a knell " : a solemn, sullen-
swinging word, with a heavy toll of sadness that well befits
its meaning. How it hangs over I’oe’s line—
’Till ill.' Dirges of lit- Impe tlie u dam-holy minli n bore
Of " Never never more 1"
And in onr poetry we have them of all natures: touched
with a gracious sadness that has more of beauty than of
gloom, or ringing with a hollow agony ; heavy as with the
falling earth, or echoing from a sea-burial across the water—
like those two by Webster and shakspeare of which Charles
Lamb so finely speaks. In liis earth song Webster sings—
fall unto Ills funeral Hole
The ant. Hie lleM-mou-e. ninl the mole
To rear him hillocks Hint shall keep hull warm
Ami i when guy tombs nre robh'H> sustain no harm ;
Bill kis-p Hie wolf fur thence. Ihul's foe lo nil'll,
For with Ills nails lie ’ll tllg them lip again.
“ I never," says Lamb, “ saw anything like this funeral dirge,
except the ditty which reminds Ferdinand of his drowned
father in ‘ The Tempest.' As that is of the water, watery : so
this is of earth, earthy. Botli have that inteiiseness of feeling
which seems to resolve itself into the element which it con¬
templates.”
Strangely enough, this sea-dirge is the brightest and most,
fanciful in English poetry. Strangely, because a funeral-song
by onr Northe rn ocean brings up thoughts of shipwreck, of
dark mourners by a rocky const, with howling winds and
winter raging in tlie waves. But. yon must remember it was
by a fairy Southern sea that Ariel sang to the Prince of his
lost father, who was not lost indeed—
Full fntliom live thy father lies :
Of tlie; billies are enrol niitile ;
Those arc jirai ls Hint were his eyes :
Nothing or him Hint Hoih fade,
Thu HoHl suffer n sen change
Into something rich niul strange;
Scn-nvltiphs hourly fine his knell :
Hark'! now 1 hear lliciii-
Piug, Hong, hell.
Scarcely more of gloom, only as it were a sweet and sunny
sorrow, is in the famous hymn which keeps “ Cymbeline ”
fresh in the minds of readers who read little: the song of
the shepherd-princes over the fair boy who lies at rest by the
leaf-strown mountain cave—
Fori* no more the heat o' the sun
Xor iho furious winter's nitres ;
Thou ihy worhlly Uwk hast done.
Home nit gone and tu’en lliv wages.
(Voided fads mid girls nil must.
As ehininey-swerjienj. conic to dust.
I have always felt that one song of death in Shakspeare—
not strictly a dirge—stood out amid all his writings with, as
it were, a simpler, a more homely air : a beauty more personal
and peculiar than one generally gets in impersonal, dramatic
Shakspeare. There is something of this touch, no doubt, in
several of his country-songs ; bat it is most keenly felt in
that sweet, antique ditty, of an exquisite sadness, that the
Clown sings in “ Twelfth Night ” (Perhaps it got this special,
indescribable ring from being written to a melody that was
running in the poet's head, as from the beat of the rhythm
yon feel that it must have been.)—
C.mie nwiiv, come away, Death,
And iifsail cypress let me be laid ;
Fly away, fly awny. brentb ;
I nm slain bv ft fair, ernel maid.
Mv .shroud of white, Muck all with yew,
* O prepare It!
Mv part of demh no one so true
* Did Mime it.
And in the second verse there is even more of this strange
personality, and of this marked, wild rhythm.
Enough, however, of Shakspeare the much-quoted ; for right
through English poetry, as one follows it down to our own
day, there runs this dirge-clement, as a philosophic German
might call it. In the stately procession of Lycidas it is a
classic chant, “after the high Homan fashion” ; later, the sad.
natural voice of Cowper speaks ; then the wild, aerial lament
of Shelley, Byron’s passion, bitter even in grief, and the
sensuous singing of Keats—almost in love with death, it is
so full of poetry. And in our own time the melodics of death
ring from the clear harp of Tennyson, whose tender chords
accompany such eager ques ioning, to the rolling organ of a
wild humanity, Walt Whitman.
A book might be written on those strange poets of ours m
whose work there is a strain of madness—Blake, Poe. even, as
some would say. Shelley ; and in this book there must needs
be special mention made of the fascination that death has for
such minds. Poe and his wild fantasies we know, Shelley
everyone knows ; but there is a wonderful little dirge of
Blake's, unknown, perhaps, to many—it is, I think, the most
perfectly Shaksperian thing out of Shakspeare in the language.
Here is one verse—
Bring me an axe and M>nde,
Bring me a winding-shoot;
When I my grave have made
Let winds ami tem|*osts beat:
Then down I Ml lie, as cold as day.
True love doth jkiss away !
It takes us, of course, to the Gravedigger, in “ Hamlet”: and
so. as I said, we get humour with our melanchoty, cheek by
jowl. ,
This is a thing that pnzzles critics of the Latin races : now,
here in the North, we make friends with Death, and play wit \
him. like Constance the Queen. We do not try to wreathe his
head with flowers, but sit and chat face to face, our hand on
the bony knees, onr sad smile answering his vacant gnn. J
is not so in the South, where they flee from thought or speecn
of him : not so in France, where they dwell only oa
absence of the one. that is gone away, as if on an endRv.
journey—and sometimes grieve rather over the quick W *
fulness that follows loss than over the loss itself, an.,
indeed, is tlie first theme of a poem as beautiful, surely, as anj
hymn of mourning in any language: De Mnssets innnor n
stanzas to the memory of Mnlibran. " Dead a fortnight. »
cries, “and already what remains?”—
Pno croix! et l’onbll, la null et lo alienee!
Kcoittcz ! oVst lc vent. Cost nieean immense :
rVut nn |itx.*lieitr qnl chanto au lion! du grand cm nun.
Ml do taut do twante. do gloire et d'enin-mnoo.
Do taut d'Accords .“l d«nx d*un Instrument divin,
Pas un falbio sooplr. |*as nn 6elio Inlutalii i
E. R.
AUG. II, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
163
MAGAZINES FOR AUGUST.
SECOXD NOTICE.
v,«-' rn'lt Century .—“Who owns the Churches?" is an
historical question, raised but not answered by the Rev. Dr.
Jessopp; who denies, at any rate, the right of clergymen,
amateurs, and architects to alter or rebuild the ancient sacred
buildings at their own caprice. Miss Beatrice Potter enters
into the discussion of industrial conditions at the East-End of
Loudon, with reference to labour contractors, middlemen, and
• sweaters." The statistics of different intellectual faculties,
represented by distinguished natives of the various districts of
Great Britain and Ireland, are an interesting topic of inquiry,
superficially treated by Dr. Conan Boyle. Proposed enres for
excessive corpulency arc examined by Dr. Barney Yco. The
life of Madame Do Pompadour, the heartless and grasping
mistress of Lonis XV., is reviewed by Mademoiselle Blaze De
Bury. Mr. T. Kebbel shows cause for his opinion that the
English system of party government cannot be maintained
with a democratic constitution of Parliament. Popular songs
among rural peasantry, Gaelic and foreign, are compared by
Miss Lanra Smith. The description, by Mr. W. Maitland, of
a mountain vineyard in Southern California is bright and
pleasant. Mr. Goldwin Smith, continuing his portraits of
American statesmen, presents those of Daniel Webster,
Calhoun, and President Jackson. On the personal conditions
of our Government Civil Service, with reference to the roles of
retirement and the non-elTeetivc list. Sir Arthur Stevenson
Blackwood speaks from official experience. Mr. W. S. Lilly
contemplates with regret the advance of Agnosticism anil
other scepticism, hut relies on the spiritual efficacy of
Christianity to hold its own.
Cmtrmporary Jirrinr. — The progress of Presbyterian
Churches all over the world is reviewed by Dr. De Pressense,
of Paris. Mr. Justin McCarthy, M.P., as an Irish Home Ruler,
states his view of the position of the late Mr. W. E. Forster in
the office of Chief Secretary. The sea-birds of the Fame
Isles, on the coast of Northumberland, afford to Mr. T. Digby
Pigott a pleasing subject of study for a naturalist. “The
New Dogmatism " of physical science, as opposed to theology,
meets an opponent in Mr. Lewis Wright. Colonel F. Maurice
farther expounds his ideas of military and naval policy for
our nation. Mr. John liae examines the bearing of doctrines
of political economy on the projects of State Socialism rife in
out time. The defective working of the Church parochial
system, and the growth of virtual Congregationalism within
the Establishment, engage the attention of .Mr. Augustus
Iluckland. Dr. Francis Underwood's historical sketch of the
growing social, educational, religions, and literary activity of
the New England States is gratifying to friends of America.
An account, by Mr. 11. W. Felkin, of the comprehensive and
elaborate system of Government insurance, lately established in
Northern Germany, may be set against the scruples of the old
school of political economists. Professor Sayce notices recent
explorations and discoveries of Oriental history. General Sir
John Adye exposes the chaotic administration of the War
Department.
tWtniyktly Itrrine. —Mr. Algernon Swinburne's ambitions
poem on the defeat of the Spanish Armada is framed in vary¬
ing forms of versification ; but the predominating type is that
of triplets, sometimes interwoven, but not in "torza rima," of
long rolling lines, with seven or more strong accents to each
line, to read which properly demands a skilful ear and
tongue. The sentiments and style are too high-flown, the
language is too violent and bombastic, for English taste;
and we prefer Mr. Rennell Rudd's spirited and straight¬
forward poetical narrative in ilnrmillnn'n .Vtiyiizinr. Mr. L
Jennings, M.l’., brings into a disagreeable array tile numerous
examples of jobbery and other flagrant abuses in our public
offices. The recent death of President Brand, head of the
Orange Free State in South Africa, gives a special interest to
Mr. J. C. Bod ley's personal reminiscences of that able and up¬
right statesman. Sir Samuel Baker's observations after re¬
visiting India this year are likely to he regarded with attention.
The completion of Baron Ilirsch s lines of railway connecting
Stamboq! with Europe by the route through Eastern Roumelia,
Bulgaria, and .Servia, is a promising event, and Mr. Theodore
Bent's description of the railway is instructive. Mr. Grant
Allen discourses of "Genius and Talent.” Throe or four pages
of exquisite French, by Pierre Loti, relate a nivstic dream,
with the vision of an unknown Creole maiden and her
mother, only appearing and vanishing he knew not whence or
whither. .Mr. R. A. Proctor's estimate of the increase of
wealth and the decline of culture in America seems rather on-
favourable: lint it is not based on an intimate knowledge of
the social life of the United States. Tyimgraphical resources,
by giving extra space between the lines, impart to Lord
" olselcy’s essay on “ Courage ’’ a more conspicuous appearance
than it would have seemed worth if written by a civilian.
Sruthxh Jtrrinr. —A series of private letters written in 1803
oy James Hogg, the *• Ettrick Shepherd,” describing his tour in
the Western Highlands and Hebrides, and probably addressed
to Sir Walter Scott, ate characteristic of the man and the
times. The rationalist philosopher Giordano Brnno, who was
burnt at Rome for heresy in the last vearof the sixteenth
century, was examined by the Inquisition nt Venice in 1.191 :
here is an account of his examination, to be followed bv a
narrative of the close of his life. The social and economic
changes in the Scottish Highlandsdnring the past half-century
are the subject of an instructive article. An interesting
narrative, translated from the French, relates the adventures
ot the Chevalier De Feuqtierollc* at the battle of Ramillies.
he ancient legend of Dr. Fanstns. the supposed sorcerer and
dealer with evil spirits, which is the groundwork of Marlowe's
tragedy and of Lessings and Goethe's profound dramatic
poems, is critically scrutinised. Mr. William Wallace discusses
the questionable notion of Home Rnle for Scotland, and shows
that better management of Scottish affairs can readily be
obtained by other means.
CumUlt .—A clever and amusing parody on the Bacon-
bbakspeare Cryptogram of Mr. Ignatius Donnelly is presented
in ftie mocking ex)wsition of a similar system of proofs that
, Gladstone wrote all Dickens's novels. The pilgrimages of
large parties of Catholic visitors to Linrlisfarnc, a twelvemonth
ago, and this year to Iona, are described by one who was there.
An interesting narrative of the ascent of the Peak of Teneriffc,
a meteorological essay on hot winds, and a lively account of
WvaH.'q a small town of European Turkey, with its population
or Greeks and gipsies, its tobacco plantations, and the site of
rbilippi. are not had reading. “ A Life's Morning." by >lr. G.
bissing. is continued ; there is a short story, - Baldwin's
Mistake ; and the “ Ballad of the Cleopatra” is a short sea-
story in verse.
. r -Vnyn.-inr .—The exposure, by Mr. J. n. Voxall,
; the method* of instruction in our Hoard school*, and
erroneous principles of teaching favoured by the Education
J^partment. demands attention. Dr. B. \V. Richardsons
'ctnre on the Raving and “storage” of vital power, bv a
'vnolesomo rule of living, is profitable as a sanitary study.
exciting story, by Mr. Eden Pliillpotts. of Norwegian
sietlge-travellers being pursued by a pack of wolves, and two
enemies being reconciled by mutual help in a common danger,
will not escape the reader's notice. Eve ” aud “ Orthodox ”
arc continued.
Temple haw —Miss Jessie Fothergill's story, “ From Moor
Isles,” makes further progress : there is a young lady in it
who is devoted to studying the Sanscrit and Persian languages.
A memoir of the late Professor Bonamy Price docs justice to
liis character and intellectual powers. “ The Second Armada ”
is a spirited imaginary narrative, by an old sailor in the year
1®18» of tremendous naval conflict between England and
France to be fought in the British Channel ; the British
merchant steam-ships, assembled in great number, overcome
the French ironclad war-ships by ramming. In “ A Chapter
on Proposals,” a young lady descrilres the different form and
style and manner of several “ offers" she has received from
gentlemen. The Bulgarians, of whom we have heard almost
enough, occupy a brief article. Mr. W. E. Norris continues
his tale of “ The Rogue.”
Time. —The scries of papers called “Work and Workers”
treats now of emigration. Lord Lymington compares past
and present times with regard to opportunities of travelling.
“ Mefcliody Jim.” by Miss Blanche Mary Channing. is a capital
ballad story of an heroic action of a humble collier. The
French village of St. Georges dc Didonne, between the forest
and the sea, at the mouth of the Gironde, a favourite holiday
haunt of Michelet, is described by Miss Matilda Betham
Edwards. The queer sect of crazy fanatics at Chatham,
calling themselves “ Jezreelites," are portrayed by Mr. J.
Horton Riley. Mr. W. II. Churchward relates his brief ex¬
perience of a swindling gold-mining concern in Australia.
“ The Seven Ages” is an amusing satirical “ snarl ” at human
vanity ; Sad Dogs ” is an entertaining collection of canine
anecdotes; “In Town” is a notice of antiquarian curiosities
in London ; “ A Startling Experience ” is that of the freaks of
SIR JOHN HASSARD,
riUNCIl’AL REGISTRAR OF THE VKOVISCE OF CANTERBURY.
a kleptomaniac baboon : “ Penny Dreadfuls" is an examination
of some cheap and silly popular fictions. Mr. Julian Corbett
proceeds with his quaint romance of “ Cophetua XIII.”
Gentleman's Magazine. —“The Hundredth Victim,” a rather
ghastly story of an old sword with a fatal spell of accidental
homicide laid upon it, has a thrilling effect. The French
realistic novelist, Gustave Flaubert, the pleasures and diffi¬
culties of horticulture, the personal tastes and habits of
famous great men. a holiday tour in Devon and Cornwall, the
ferocious deeds of Ivan the Terrible, one of the Russian Czars,
a night watch in a pheasant preserve with the gamekeeper,
some curiosities of English manufactures, and the Irish Exhi¬
bition at Olympia, are the subjects of articles in this magazine.
hrfgraria. —Short stories, besides the continuation of two
long ones. “ Under-Currents," and Miss Sarah Tytler’s *• Black¬
ball Ghosts,” arc here provided for amusement ; " Lord
Duncimnn's Dilemma,” “Foretold by the Cards,” “John
Evcrard's Difficulties,” “ Nat." “ Bon Garmon,” and “ The Wild
Record of Jabez Speed.” which last is that of a mad engine-
driver running away with a railway-train.
London Society. —As we have already noticed Miss Braddon’s
last novel. “The Fatal Three," complete in three volumes, the
chapters hairing so far behind cannot demand our attention.
Mrs. Edward Kennards “A Crack County ” has reached its
thirty-fourth chapter. “One of Two.” “A Girls Mistake,”
and “Stolen from a Post-bag," arc brief pieces of entertaining
fiction. Mr. Percy Fitzgerald’s “Travels in London ” con¬
template objects of architectural and historical interest. Miss
Christabel Coleridge expounds the ethical meaning of Goethe’s
“ Faust.”
Tinsley's Magazine. —The Hon. Mrs. Army tope, describing
some old London mansions and their former mistresses, treats
of Mrs. Montague, the estimable and accomplished gentle¬
woman of the last century, who made her house a congenial
resort for people of literary taste. “A Witch of the Hills,”
by Florence Warden, which is a Scottish Highland story, and
“Millicent Phayre.” an Australian story, are proceeded with ;
Mr. Jan Winn tells of an adventure with a raft on Lake
Ogagn. somewhere in the United States; and “The Mad
Count,” a tale by Pauline Roose, ha9 its scene laid in Italy.
“The Home of the Vikings.” described by Tom 31 ark land, is
Sole Bay, near Southwold, on the Suffolk coast.
Mutant a .—In this magazine for well-educated girls, the
lady editors. L. T. 3Jeade and Alicia A. Leith, provide a judicious
mixture of the entertaining, the useful, the graceful, and the
didactic, with many engravings of original design.
Illustrations. —Under the editorship of Mr. Francis George
Heath, this magazine, which contains a variety of engravings
and of suitable articles, presents tales by Mrs. Pender Cudlip
and other writers, remarks oil the o]>era, music, and painting,
an account of the High School at Edinburgh, a biography of
the late Hippolyte Carnot, sketches of Epping Forest, and notes
concerning the nightingale, peafowl, and the care of a garden.
Colburn* Vnited Sorrier Magazine.—The navalmanoeuvres
of our fleet this summer, and the methods of naval mobilisation,
are discussed in one article ; the effect of short service on
army discipline, in another. Colonel Cooper King relates the
strategy or General Washington’s Yorktown Campaign in IT* J.
The Rev. P. H. Ditchfield notices some old songs and ballads
of the Spanish Arntada. Several writers contribute light
sketches of the social life of military men.
Good Uord*.—The Editor, the Rev. Donald Macleod, D.D.,
discourses impressively of the lamented death of the late German
Emperor. The Dean of Gloucester exhibits the interesting
historical associations of his Cathedral, and of the tombs and
monuments there. 31 r. Rae’s account of the late 31. Jean
Baptiste Godin, and of the great co-opcrntivc industrial testab¬
lishment founded by him, the “ Familistere ” of the Guise
ironworks, merits thoughtful attention. Mr. D. Christie
Murray’s story, “The Weaker Vessel,” and the continuation of
“ Saved as by Fire,” meet the reasonable appetite for Action.
Leisure Jlovr. —“The Story of the Armada, told from the
State Papers.” of which Mr. W. J. Hardy furnishes a third
instalment, is a good historical account. Professor Blackie
contributes a tender little poem of a sweet little lady who
once lived in the Isle of Mull. Windsor Castle and Virginia
Water are described by Mr.C. Eyre Pascoe. Sir James Ilisdon
Bennett, M.D., writes of Thomas Linacre, the founder of the
College of Physicians. Several recent Italian explorers in
Africa, including Gessi, a brave officer under Gordon in the
Soudan, are commemorated in an article by Signora Bompinni.
ITarjn rs Monthly. —Any Londoners who happen to be un¬
acquainted with Chiswick may learn much about it from this
excellent New York magazine, the writer upon it being Mr.
Moncure Conway. “ Studies of the Great West,” by M r. Charles
Dudley Warner, tell us much about Cincinnati and Louisville,
which are places even more important than Chiswick regarded
apart from London. 'The French West Indian Islands, especially
31artinique. are made the topic of bright description. Mr.
Theodore Child, of Paris, a good art-critic, descants on the
admirable Florentine painter, Sandro Botticelli. The Montagnais
tribe of Indians, near the Saguenay River in Lower Canada,
and the French Roman Catholic 3Iis*ions among them, are the
subject of an interesting paper. Another contributor gives a
minute account of the breeding of cattle in Holstein and
Friesland. These and other articles are illustrated with a
great number of beautiful wood-engravings. There is a series
of nine clever drawings to accompany the humorouB old
English song of “ The Leather Bottel.” In the way of fiction,
Mr. Rider Haggard's story, "Maiwa’s Revenge,” one by Mr.
W. D. Howells, “Annie Kilburn,” and Mr. William Black's
“ In Far Lochaber," seem to be a very sufficient allowance.
The rentin g— ’There is a Trappist monastery in Kentucky ;
and the life of that silent fraternity, who may scarcely ever
speak, except in prayer or confession or worship, or by express
permission in case of necessity, contrasts so much with the
habits of the American people, that the account of it there is
the more remarkable. Mr. George Kennan’s ample reports of
the situation and character of the Russian political exiles in
Siberia.and liis description of the scenery of the Altai mountains,
add considerably to our knowledge of that region and of
those unfortunate people. The authentic political history of
President Lincoln's Government and the Civil War of Secession,
by Messrs. J. G. Nicolay and Hay. is continued to the date of
General Grant's capture of Fort Donelson. in February, 18(>2.
English people who value the old Cathedrals of England are
indebted to Mrs. Schuyler Van Rensselaer for her writing, and
to 31r. Joseph Pennell, an American artist, for his drawings,
by which Lincoln Cathedral is set before the reader. This
magazine also contains amusing and interesting stories by
popular American writers.
Scribners Magazine.— Professor Shaler contributes a very
instructive study of physical geography and the allied sciences
in his treatise on “Rivers and Valleys,” finely illustrated by
views of the Yellowstone and the Colorado, and of rocky glens in
Switzerland and in Norway. The construction of American
locomotive engines and railway cars is historically and
statistically related, and mechanically explained, by Mr. 31. N.
Forney. “Otto the Knight” is not a romantic legend of
Rhineland, but a tale of thoso recent quarrels between the
artisans and the capitalist employers, in the Western States,
from which hms sprung an association styled the “ Knights of
Labour.” “First Harvests” is likewise a story of American
social life; and “ The Fate of the Georgiana ” is that of a
perilous adventure on the seacoast near Newport. 3Ir. Henry
James, on the contrary, has in hand “A London Life,” in
which* ladies of fashion are concerned. Mr. R. L. Stevenson,
in his “ Epilogue to an Inland Journey,” conducts a lively
party of tourists to an interesting part of France.
SIR JOHN HASSARD.
The Queen has conferred the honour of knighthood on 3Ir.
Ilassard. Principal Registrar of the Province of Canterbury.
He was born in Ireland, in December. 1830, son of 3Ir. John
Ilassard, High Sheriff of the county of Cavan ; was educated
at Clifton, and adopted the profession of solicitor, also reading
with a conveyancing barrister. In 1857. Mr. Ilassard became
private secretary to tbc Right Rev. Dr. Tait, then Bishop of
London, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, with whom
he remained in close intimacy until his Grace's* death in 1882.
He was appointed Comptroller ut her Majesty's Chapel Royal,
Whitehall, in 18112 ; Registrar of the Diocese of Canterbury
in 1872 : and Principal Registrar of the Province in 1870. We
may observe that Mr. Hansard had the honour of receiving the
Prince and Princess of Wales at Whitehall in 1803, and again
in 1888 , first at the special service held there on their
nuptials, and again at their Silver Wedding. The University
of Durham conferred an honorary degree of 31.A. on Mr.
Ilassard in 1884. It may he added that Mr. Ilassard was
private secretary to Baroness Burdctt-Coutts from 1807 until
1874. The Portrait is from a photograph by 3Iessrs. Elliott
and Fry.
The general report to the Board of Trade on the accidents
which have occurred on the railways of the United Kingdom
during 1887 has been issued. The total number of persons
killed in the working of the railways was 1*111, and of injured
331)0. Of these, 121 persons killed and 12D7 injured were
passengers ; but of these only 25 were killed and 338 injured
in consequence of accidents to or collisions between trains.
The deaths of the remaining ‘.MI passengers, and the injuries to
7511. are returned as due to a variety of other causes, and e*|»e-
cially to want of caution on the part of the individuals them¬
selves. Of the remainder, 422 killed and 2073 injured were
officers or servants of the railway companies or of the con¬
tractors. Of suicides there were 70 : of trespassers. 203 were
killed and 114 iujured ; of persons passing over the railway at
level crossings, 03 were killed and 33 injured ; and of other
persons from miscellaneous causes. 40 wcrekilled and OOinjtired.
In addition there were 38 persons killed and 41.57 injured from
accidents on their premises not connected with the movement
of railway vehicles.
at THE REGATTA: THE FINAL HEAT.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Auo. 11, 1888.—165
AT THE REGATTA : A CLOSE RACE.
AUG. 11, 18RS
16G
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
TIIE SIKKIM EXPEDITION.
Sikkim is a small tract of monnfeunon* country, lying to tlic
north of Darjeeling between Bhootan and Nepanl ami south of
Thibet, ami is under British protection. It is governed by a
Rajah, assisted by the chief Lamas and headmen of the
country. The present Rajah is a man of somewhat weak
intellect, and of a shy. retiring disposition, owing partly to a
hare lip, which greatly disfigures him. and of which he is
painfully aware. He has married a Thibetan wife, and bis
sympathies arc decidedly Thibetan. Of late years he
lias been in the habit of spending the rainy season in
Chiimbi, which, though only three days’ march from
his capital. Tumlong, has a dry Thibetan climate. Ho
i* bound by treaty with the English to Sfiend half his year in
Sikkiin ; but for the Inst few years he has lived altogether in
Thibet, and. though repeatedly told to come back, has made
excuse after excuse, with the result that his allowance from
the British Government of J.*»00 rupees a month has been
stopped, and the government of the country has been put into
the hands of the Phodong Lama and his brother, the Ranaa
Dewan, backed by the British Government. At the same time,
there is a very strong Thibetan faction, headed by the Pamianclii
monks, who give much trouble, leading to many complications.
In lHHtf the Thibet Mission was organised, and its failure is
the occasion of the present expedition. The Thibetans, strongly
objecting to any Europeans entering their country, did all in
their power to frustrate the mission ; which eventually, owing
to the representations of China, was recalled, having gone no
further than Darjeeling. The Thibetans, who considered this
a proof of oar fear of them, then entered Sikkim, and erected
the fort of Singtu across the high-road. It was to dislodge
them from this fort that the present expedition was sent.
The troops left India in March, and after two small
skirmishes with the enemy, took possession of the fort,
which is sitnited on the top of a mountain. I2.fi00ft.
above tbo sea - level, being probably the highest fort in
the world. Our troops experienced great difficulty in reach¬
ing it. as the snow was very deep and the cold intense;
and this, combined with the difficulty of breathing at that
altitude, made the ascent extremely arduous. After the
capture of the fort the troops marched to Gnatong. a more
sheltered place, though still 12,000 ft. high ; and there they arc
encamped. On May 22 they were attacked by a force of about
2400 Thibetans, who came over tbo Tokala Pass. They sur¬
rounded the camp, l.u*. after three hours and a half of fighting,
were utterly routed, and fled back into Thibet. Since then,
there has been no more fighting ; but rumours arc abroad that
the enemy is again collecting in force across the passes.
Meanwhile, onr troops remain at Gnatong. A military
correspondent favours ns with Photographs of tho camp at
Siniftu and of the martello tower at the north end of the fort
The Board of Trade have awarded a binocular glass to
Captain Z. Amclinc, master of the French schooner Jacques
Mathieu. of Cherbourg, in acknowledgment of his humanity
and kindness to the shipwrecked crew of the British schooner
Vine, of Hayle, which was wrecked off St. Ives on July 2.
The usual monthly meeting of tho council of the Royal
Agricultural Society of England was held on Ang. 1 at N'o. 12,
Hanover-square. In tho unavoidable absence of tho Prince of
Wales, representing her Majesty, the president, Colonel Kings-
cotc, C.B., was called to the chair. Tho chief btisiucss of tho
meeting was to pass the accounts of the recent meeting at
Nottingham and to fix the date of next year's meeting, which
will be held in Windsor Great Park. It was moved byPrinco
Christian, seconded by Earl Cathcart. and carried unanimously,
that the opening date /or the meeting be fixed for Monday,
Jnne 24.1889. It was resolved to offer prizes for hops in six
classes, for cider and perry, and for jam, and preserved, bottled,
and desiccated fruit of English growth. Professor Brown sub¬
mitted a report showing that during the nineteen weeks ended
July 21 there had been 421 attacks of plettro-pneumonia in
England and 34) in Scotland. There had been a considerable
increase in the cases of swine fever, though the disease is not
now so prevalent as it was daring the second quarter of last year.
A quarterly court of the governors of the Consumption
Hospital, Brompton. was held at the hospital on Aug. 2,
Mr. T. P. Beckwith in the chair. The report of the committee
of management, read by the secretary (Mr. Dobbin), stated
that since the alterations the whole of the beds had becomo
re-occupied. The plan of sending patients to convalescent
homes at the seaside at the expense of the hospital (which
was adopted during the alterations as a temporary expedient)
having proved so beneficial, the committee propose to continue
the arrangement provisionally, within certain limitations.
Tho following legacies have been received since the last court:
Sir Robert Loder, £2300; Mr. D. Milner, moiety of residne,
contingent; Mrs. Anno Kirkup, £300, reversionary; Lady
Buchan, £500 ; Miss G. Austin, £300, duty free. A donation
of UK) guineas has been received from Mr. John Wilson
Theobald in order to name a memorial bed. Considerable out¬
lay will he required before the next court, in the cleaning and
repair of the south wing, to effect which properly it will ho
necessary to close the out-patients' department for a week.
The committee remind the public that their support is csscntiai
to the continued well-being of the charity and the mainten¬
ance of the 321 beds in the two buildings,'the hospital being
unendowed and almost entirely dependent upon voluntary help.
Princess Frederica on Ang. 2 distributed the medals and
certificates to tho successful students of the Polytechnic
classes under the auspices of the St. John Ambulance Asso¬
ciation. One hundred and sixty-oue ladieB and eighty-five
gentlemen received certificates.
At the invitation of the Earl and Countess of Meath a
meeting to consider the objects of the Incorporated Free and
Open Church Association was held at 83, Lancaster-gate.
Canon Trench, Vicar of All Saints'. Notting-hill, read a paper
on “ How to Free a Pew-rented Church," in the course of
which he expressed the opinion that all were agreed in theory
that churches ought to be free, but one of the obstacles to ho
encountered was to be found in tbe fact that the question had
not been really faced by the people themselves. It was
necessary that they should be shown that it was fatal to all
true religious progress that the pnblio churches should be less
free than the public-houses, or the parish highway to heaven
less free than the highways of the parish. At his own parish tbe
system of pew rents had been given up, with the result that
the income of the church had been considerably increased,
and the salaries of the clergy raised. The Rev. Dr. Patterson,
vice-president of the American Free and Open Church Associa¬
tion, who opened the discussion, stated that 73 per cent of tho
churclidf'fn the United States were free, and their incomes in
consequence had been increased by two thirds, if they were not
actually doubled. The Dean of Devonport (Iowa), Commander
Dawson, and others also spoke, and a vote of thanks to the
Earl of Meath for presiding was carried, on the motion of
General Lowry, sccond.ed by Mr. Rooke. Lord Meath, in
responding, expressed his entire concurrence with the objects
of the association.
MABTELLO TOWEH AT XORTH END OF FOttT. THE CAMr AT SIXCTV.
THK SIKKIM EXPEDITION : FP.OM PHOTOGRAPHS BY AN OFFICER.
PRIZE DISTRIRUriOXS AT PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
Lord Harris, the Under-Secretary of State for War, distributed
the prizes at Dover College on Aug. 1 in the absence of Earl
Granville, the president.
The annual exhibition of Beaumont College took place at
Old Windsor, on Ang. 1, in the presence of a distinguished
company. The Bishop of Portsmouth distributed the prizes,
and the Rector afterwards entertained 300 guests in tbe vinery.
The tercentenary celebration of St. Bee's Grammar School
took place on Aug. 1 in the presence of a large assemblage.
The Archbishop of York preached in the parish clmrch in the
morning, and tbe Bishop of Carlisle afterwards distributed the
prizes to the successful students.
Speech Day was observed on Aug. 2 at Bradfield College,
Reading, and prizes were distributed by Mr. Murdoch, M.P.
The annual report of the warden, the Rev. H. B. Gray, stated
that the number of pupils attending the college bad increased
from seventy-one in ISS3 to 144 this year, and the preparatory
school has also increased its numbers from eight to twenty-
three. A touching allusion was made to the recent death of
the founder of the college, the Rev. Thomas Stevens.
Mr. T. J. Reeves, the Master of the Grocers' Company,
presided on Aug. 2 at the distribution of prizes at the
Company's school. Hackney-downs, the wardens and several
members of the court being present. Mr. Reeves expressed
the satisfaction with which the court bad received the report
of the school examiners, and characterised the results of tho
past year ns splendid. Out of thirty-eight boys sent np for
the Cambridge University examination thirty passed in
honours, and only one failed.
Mr. J. G. Talbot, M.P. for Oxford University gave away
the prizes at Bruce Castle. Tottenham, in tho presence of a
numerous company of visitors, on Saturday, July 28. The
head-master, the Rev. W. Almack, 31.A., gave a good report of
the work of tbe school during the past year, and read a satis¬
factory list of successes won by past and present Brucians
during the year; this included a Whitworth scholarship, a
Koval Academy scholarship, two gold medals at tho London
University, the Chesilden medal and the Treasurer's gold medal
at St. Thomas's Hospital, and a sizarsbip at 'Trinity College,
Cambridge.
Admiral the Earl of Clanwilliazn presided on Ang. 1 at the
animal distribution of prizes at the Royal Naval School. New-
cross. The head-master, the Rev. James White, in opening
the proceedings, said the reports of the examiners. Professor
Cullev and Professor Moriarty, showed that the school was in
a very satisfactory stab’. Tbe Malcolm scholarship at
Oxford' had been gained by R. II. Donovan, the Clothworkers'
scholarship at the same university by Hedley, and a scholar¬
ship at Cambridge by If. T. Dufton. Four naval cadetships
annually given by tbe Lord* of tbe Admiralty were awarded
to Trousdale, Seymour. Harvey, and Case. Tbe silver medal
given by the Royal Humane Society for proficiency in
swimming had been gained by II. E. Chapman.
Aug. I being Speech Day at Malvern College, a large and
distinguished gathering of visitors was attracted to the school.
The proceedings opened with a luncheon in a marquee, erected
in tho qnadrangle, to which upwards of 130 guests sat down.
After this, the company adjourned to the big school for tbe
prize-giving and speeches. The head-master (the Rev. W.
Grundy), in the course of his remarks, said he was happy to
announce that five open scholarships and exhibitions at tho
universities had been gained in the past year, while an old
Malvernian (J. M. George) had taken the fourth place in the
Indian Civil Service final examination. Another old Malvernian
(R. E. Cole) was tenth wrangler this year in the Cambridge
mathematical tripos. Lord Beauchamp, who distributed the
prizes, congratulated the head-master on the steady increase in
the numbers of the school, and spoke in a most bopefnl manner
of its future prospects. The athletic prizes were given away
by Lady Emily Foley. _
Mr. Henry O. Forbes, the New Gninea explorer, author of
“ The Naturalist in the 31alay Archipelago," has been selected
by the London Commission to succeed the late Sir Julius Yon
Ilaast as Director of the Canterbury Museum, New Zealand.
At a mecling held at the Royal Forest Hotel, Chingford,
Mr. C. X. Buxton, J.P. and High Sheriff of Essex, in the
chair, it was resolved to form a golf club at Chingford, to bo
called the Epping Forest Golf Club. Particulars may be had
from Mr. F. F. McKenzie, hon. secretary, The Warren, Loughton,
Essex.
The restoration of St. Michael's Clmrch, Coventry, was
practically completed on Aug. 1 by tbe replacing of the top
stone of tbe steeple, which is the tallest of the three tall spires.
The ceremony was performed by Mr. G. Woodcock, a contributor
of £ 10,000 to the fund, who, after fixing the stone, assisted
Mr. Thompson, the contractor, in replacing the weathercock,
at an altitude of 303 ft. A short religious service was gone
through, and there were some brief congratulatory speeches ;
and when the weathercock swung round with tbe wind the
crowds who had assembled at the various points to witness the
ceremony cheered lustily.
The Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress entertained tbe Elder
Brethren of the Trinity House to dinner at the Mansion House
on Aug. I. and the Duke of Cambridge, replying for “ The
Army and Reserve Forces." said he looked upon the Army and
Reserve Forms as more or less combined in one, and he trusted
they were so in sentiment. He was glad to have the
opportunity of saying that there was no man in the country
who had always had, and especially at the present moment, so
1 isrh an appreciation of tho services of the Volunteers as him¬
self. lie eonld not understand any man who would not wish
to develop and improvo and increase tbe Volunteer force.
AT TIIE REGATTA.
The pleasant scenes on the river, which are shown in our pair
of drawings entitled “A Close Race" and "The Final lleat.’
may be realised whenever—as mud happen sometimes and
somewhere — an exhibition of aquatic Bports and rowing-
matches is favoured with the fine weather that we naturally
expect in summer. Under such propitious conditions, young
ladies can enjoy sitting in a boat, or sauntering in the meadow
or beneath the trees at the water's edge, to admire the manly
prowess and skill of amateur crews, possibly feeling some kmd
of personal interest in one or another of the valiant oarsmen.
As there is no more healthy exercise of strength for the young
men. and no contest which more surely brings its rew ard, even
to unsuccessful competitors, in tbe beneficial use and improve¬
ment of their natural powers, there is also no spectacle in
which ladies can more gracefully and properly take the part
of beholding and encouraging a friendly rivalry. In watching
“a close race," in frankly manifesting a certain degree of
excitement “at the finish," and in joining with signs of glad
applause the genera) acclamation with which “ the winner is
worthily greeted, the presence of these fair visitors at the
regatta is the crowning glory of tbe day.
A new storage rcservoirat Ealing,capablcof containing more
than fifty million gallons, established in connection with the
Grand Junction Waterworks Company, was opened on Aug. 3.
The resignation is announced of Mr. T. C. S. Kynnersley,
Stipendiary Magistrate of Birmingham since 1856. Mu
Kynnersley, who is eighty-six years of age, was one of the old
Commissioners in Bankruptcy.
Tlie Bishop of London writes as follows on behalf of the
Children's Country Holiday Fund;—“ This fund has been
established to enable London children to spend two or three
weeks in the country. Last year visitors in various parts ol
London working in connection with this fund sent over 14, i k
children to spend their holidays by the sea or among the helds.
Tbe children were received as guests in the cottages ot
villagers, where they joined in the life of tbe family and
where some lady or neighbour saw to their care and enjoyment.
All came home, bringing not only a store of health, but also
memories of conntry life to widen sympathy and enhance
good-will. The cost was only 5s. a week, and in each case
the parents gave a contribution according to their means.
From thirty-three centres in the north, east, soiith, and west
of London. visitors arc now selecting pale and ailing children.
asking no questions as to views or creeds. May I remind these
who are now flying from the weariness of the fairest parts o
London, that unless they give to our fund, thousands o
children who need the change, and for whom conntry air an
freedom arc ready, must spend their holidays in narrow homes
and close streets'? Donations may be sent to the Hon. Allred
Lyttelton, 10, Buckingham-street, Strand, W.C.”
THE ULUS T11A T E D LONDON Zs'EWS
1G7
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
The Queen having been repeatedly and warmly pressed by the
representative committee of the Women’s Jubilee Offering to
accept something personal to herself from the fund, the bulk
of which her Majesty 1ms presented to found a nursing insti¬
tute. has at length consented to a portion of the money being
expended in the purchase of jewellery for her Majesty's
personal use. A diamond necklace, and earrings to match, in
the design of which the emblems of the United Kingdom
appear, have accordingly been made, and the parurr was
accepted by the Queen on Tuesday, July 31, the Duchess of
Bucoleuch making the offering on behalf of the subscribers.
One of the most obnoxious features of weeds is the way in
which they flourish under circumstances that kill or injure
more profitable and desirable growths. There is an irritating
perversity about this which is very trying. Never was there a
Binnmer so wet and miserably cold as this, and never was
there such a summer for poppies,!—those most useless of
weedy flowers. They are splendidly decorative in their public
place of pride, but are unfit for private life by reason of their
sickly odour; so that they may be counted ns amongst
the most worthless weeds that grow. Some other field and
hedge flowers, however, are as suitable for country room and
dining-table decoration as the cultivated ones that are so
hard to come by sometimes in the rural places where
they grow, but are not Bold. When in straits, turn to
hedgerows and the fields, and almost every wild flower but the
poppy will be found available. A table decorated entirely
with the rich blue of the corn-flower, the delicate star-like
white and yellow of the wild marguerite, and the trailing
green branches of the hop-bine, all placed gracefully and
tastefully in white porcelain vases, was awarded an honour¬
able mention at the recent botanic fete. The most refined
effect can Ire produced with wild flowers by confining oneself
to a few varieties. A great posy of every roadside flower that
blows has a glory all its own ; but it is the robust, unsubdued
beauty of the rnstie ; while by being at the pains of selecting
colours as sparingly and carefully in the field as one would do
in the green-house, similarly tasteful effects can be obtained.
The fashion of the lionr in table-dressing runs to spiky,
somewhat straggling effects. No longer are firm, compact
mass:s of bloom displayed. Even a flower like the rose, so
firm and solid in the individual blossom that it is almost
impossible to prevent a bunch having the like characters,
must be carefully deprived of that aspect by commingling
with long-stalked or irregularly shaped flowers, such as
gladioli, narcissi, clematis, heliotrope, or orchids. Where the
last named are available, nothing can equal them for effect.
Orchids make themselves visible in the most extraordinary
manner. Even when they are sparsely combined with a
multitude of other blossoms of somewhat similar shape
and tint to the particular orchids used, they yet do not
fail to attract the eye; and half - a- dozen “slipper,” or
“ dove," or “ standard-bearer " orchids will give the necessary
variety and distinction to a great mass of roses, provided the
rare blooms arc artfnily placed so as to project a little above
the close-set trusses of the rose.
But not everybody can have even half-a-dozen blossoms cut
from orchids. Here, then, are notes of some more simply-
dressed tables which have been seen lately. Down the
centre of a snowy damask cloth was placed a broad strip of
royal blue plush—so broad a strip, indeed, that it must have
oeen imperceptibly joined in the middle. This was not laid all
flat, but elevated at regular intervals over three blocks of wood,
on each of which pedestals stood a beautiful candlestick of
white porcelain, the shape that of a female figure bearing a
three-branch light. The wax candles in these were shaded
with crimson card on wire supports. The only flowers on the
table were pink doable-carnations, mixed with a little maiden¬
hair fern ; these were placed in low bowls on the stands
round the base of all the candle-bearing figures, and also in
large shell-shaped holders at either end of the blue plush strip.
Fruit-stands of the same porcelain, but a plain round shape,
were placed towards the four corners. Another table, more
simple still, had roses plucked from their stems laid on the
table-cloth, bo as to form half a square at the four
corners of the table, exactly the right-angled corners of
each design being wide and the points slanted off to
a single rose. The other ornaments of the table were china
Iruit-dishes fitted into each angle of blossoms, and a central
basket of wicker-work, with doable handles, having some¬
thing the effect of au Imperial crown in form; the handles
were covered completely by being wreathed with roses, and
the basket was filled with roses relieved with projecting
spikes of Eucharis lilies. Unique decoration for a table was
obtained in another case by the combination of water-lilies
and forgct-mc-nots, with sprays of feathery asparagus in
place ot the more ordinary ferns. Water-lilies lay scattered
or. a mirror plateau in the centre of the table, and asparagus
sprays and forget-me-nots, with one or two lilies, filled
slender glass epergnes placed on the mirror ; on which
u a wa8 . a * ar r e la >“P w ‘ l h a drawn muslin and lace
shade, lined with pink silk, which formed the centre-
P'?® 6 - Flowers floated in the finger-bowls. Upon yet another
table fairy lamps having shades painted by hand with sprays
ot flowers, and the saucers partly filled with maidenhair and
white stephanotis, formed the chief adornment, while the centre¬
piece was a small tray of sand, completely concealed with
now-ers all white in tint—stephanotis, Eucharis lilies, gar¬
denia, narcissi, and clematis—and a few ferns, the tinted
lamps giving all the colour, except such as came from straw¬
berries, peaches, and Hamburg grapes, at the corners.
Judges constantly perform the traditional feat of driving
the coach and four through Acts of Parliament. It is well,
perhaps that the ordinary citizen does not understand how
tew of the laws that govern him are the product of Acts of
Parliament made by his representatives, and how many of
them are simply the decisions of two or three old gentlemen,
perhaps crotchety, or perhaps having personal feelings about
social arrangements which they import into their decisions,
now little reverence is really due to a Judge's reading of the
law is apparent from the frequency with which judgments
given in the lower courts are reversed by the higher ones,
let when the Court of Appeal has at length spoken,
no Judge will afterwards venture to exercise his own
intelligence on the words of a statute; but the dictum of
the majority of the three fallible and possibly peculiar Judges
wno sat on that occasion overrides for ever the plain terms of
, a act Parliament. No Act can ever have been drawn in
oad.r ternis than the Married Women’s Property Act, which
oejrins by declaring that in every respect a married woman and
» single one are to be under identical circumstances as regards
making contracts, suing and being sued, and property rights
aa powers generally. Month after month the Judges nro
„ , 1,c J n o qualifications and modifications into that plain,
mightforward law. A ease just decided is in point.
u 'I™ • woman was 8tl< A to complete a contract which
.J, ?• 91gned for purchasing a house. Her creditor
” , s ca>e . on the ground that he was unable to show
BI ' <! had any separate property when she made the
•tract; and, according to a judgment of the Court of
Appeal, “ it is held that she can only bind herself to the
extent of her separate estate, so that if she hare no separate
property she cannot enter into a contract at all." More than
that, the plaintiff in such a case is required to prove that the
married woman had separate property when she made the
agreement, and not she to prove that she had not any. Now,
this » very convenient for married women who may wish to
repudiate their contracts; but it is a grave disadvantage to
Honest women who conduct any business on their own
account. To such women, it is of the first consequence to be
able to make valid contracts; if it is known that they can
repudiate their contracts at will, nobody will wish to do
business with them. Single women are not placed at such a
disadvantage in their business arrangements, and the in¬
tention of the Legislature, which the Judges are over¬
riding, was to equalise married with single women in property
matters. Florence Fenwick-31 iller.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
SBJ trttc ” rcC0,veU ,,p to Fri<lft y Mwroins are acknowledged I lie followms
E Luui.sx,-Wo ore slvl (o welcome you lawk to the rents of solvers.
J I .—Too Ri hi pic and too many chock *.
C fhT h(H al?o£°Prol?le m iS?»m w® JEA
J B (Bom»wy>, Mn ,i F K (Natal) : .if :
SfflSS® JKta
S’
Lieiitenam-CuUmrl f l.nnum-. H. v winii-ii <•?...L.2 1 ir i u
Prlctanl, Ur. Well, illoilclten,).
Solution of Problem No. 2310 .
WHITE. ni.trir
l.BtoR 3 nl K t „q.%
: <*f So. 23uVfr<n
in.i H P (Dudley* isuoTroin Janet
... .is, 1)J1 Coy.
2 . Kt to Q 5th
., n , . 3. R to R 8ili. Mat*.
If Black play i. K to V 3rd, then 3.1
1* moves
o Q 8th (a Kt) and matcj n<
PROBLEM No. 2314 .
By B. G. Laws.
CHESS IN LONDON.
Game played in t ie British Chess Chib handicap between
Messrs Pollock and Bum.
<Sicilian Defence.)
BLACK ( Mr. B.) I
P to Q B 4th
WHITE (Mr. P.)
1. I* to K 4th
2. P to Q 4th
3. K Kt to B 3rd
4. Kt takes P
5. Kt- takes Kt
6. Q to Q 4tll
7. Kt to B 3rd
8. R to y B Ith
1). y to Q 3rd
10. Castles
P Likes P
Q Kt to B 3rd
P to K Kt 3rd
Kt P takes Kt
P to K B 3rd
B to K Kt 2nd
Q to Kt 3rd
Kt to R 3rd
Kt to Kt 5th
iif I his* Kt is to
U 2 ud or P to y 3rd t
Hit
--n Kt to K 4t
iug I* to Kt 3rd am
P to Q 3rd
to afford Black a
12. P to K It 3rd
13. B to Kt 3rd
14. B to K 3rd
Q to Band is a bet
15. P to B 4th
Very finely played, as the full effec;
Kt to K Ith
B to R 3rd
a to Kt 2nd
15.
B takes K
.(Mr. P.)
16. I* takes Kt
17. P Likes y P
18. B to B 5th
19. B takes Q P
20. P to K 5th
21. P Likes B
U mid It
wiry t
K to y s«j
P lakes P
BtoRsi
B takes B
K to B si|
til tho chock w
K nil.
22. Kt to K 4th
It to K wi is sounder.
22. Q to Kt 3rd (ch)
23. K to R sq y to y 5th
21. U to K wj K to Kt 2nd
25. P to B 3rd Q to K ith
ftncMlT tlli | rt tl,c CXC ^ IU ^°
26. Q takes Q P takes Q
27. Kt to B 5th B to B sq
28. K to Q M{ B to Q 2nd
29. B to K (fill B takes B
30. Kt takes B (ch) K to B 3rd
31. Kt takes R R takes Kt
32. P to B 4th P to B 4th
33. K to Q 5th,
and wins.
The International Congress of the British Chess Association and York¬
shire Conntv Chess Club commenced its operations nt Bradford on Monday,
Aug. 6. After a public reception of com|>otitors and visitors, a start was
made with the various Items of the programme, particulars of which wo
have already published. Interest, of course, centered in tho masters’
tournament, in which many of the leading players of Eurojie and America
are engaged. To Judge from the list of entries, no new reputation Is likely
to be made on this occasion ; but the old hands will give each other plenty
of light before the contest Is over.
A new compilation by Mr. and Mi’s. T. B. Rowland, entitled “The Chess¬
players* Annual and Club Directory,” Is announced for publication nt tho
cmi of the venr. It will contain a series of articles by various writers; 100
prize-problems of British tourneys during 1887-88; a directory to date of all
Knropean chess clubs, associations, and periodicals; a list of Unit-class
players; and much other Information of a useful character to chaw-
plavers. The price to subscribers is 2a. 6d. and their names may be sent to
9, Victoria-terrace, Cion tart, Dublin.
With Captain Mackenzie amongst the competitors the result of the
contest for the championship of Scotland was this year a foregone con¬
clusion. Mr. D. V. Mills, last year’s winner of the cup, mode a creditable
effort to maintain his iiositlon, and succeeded in drawing his game with the
redoubtable Captain. He bail, however, to share the honours of second
place with Mr. G. E. Ru bier, who is making steady progress as a match-
player, and Is now one of the strongest In Scotland.
Five Lonlsof the Council, assisted by five Bishops as assessors,
heard on Aug. 3 an appeal from the refusal of the Archbishop
of Canterbury to allow a prosecution to be instituted against
the Bishop of Lincoln for illegal ritual. Tho Court ordered the
matter to be remitted to the Archbishop.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Feb. 10, 1885), with two codicils (dated Jan. 7,
1830 and Nov. 8, 1887), of Mr. William Ewing, formerly of
No. 05, Gloucester-place, Forlman-square ; but late of No. 26,
Upper Brook-street, Grosvenor-square, and of Btidley Manor,
near Guildford, a retired Major of the Royal Tower Hamlets
Militia, who died on April 22 last, at Paris, was proved on
July 25, by Sir Archibald Orr Ewing, Bart., the brother,
William Orr Ewing, the nephew, and Theodore Judkin
Du Bois, the executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £246.000. The testator gives his
town residence, with the furniture, plate, pictures, books,
jewellery, household effects, horses and carriages, and £500 to
his wife; he also gives her the interest and dividends of
£60,000 for life ; and there are legacies to bis executors
butler, coachman, and valet. The residue of bis real and
personal estate he leaves, upon trust, for all his children, but
bis daughters are not to receive more than £5o,noo each. In
default of children there are considerable be pi sis to nephews
and nieces, brother,sisters, and sister-in-law ; and the ultimate
residue is to be divided between his nephews and nieces, the
children of his said brother, Sir Archibald Orr Ewing.
J " ne 20 ’J 88 U. with a codicil (dated
?t n 2 o ?, f V? Ir ’ James Tabor ’ J P -> D -L, late of Earl’s
Hall, Pnttlewell, Essex, who died on June 2fi last, was proved
on July 20 by isamue 1 George Savill and John English Tabor
and Charles Albert I'abor, the nephews, three of the executors,
pte-wi 0 tbe Pfsonal estate amounting to upwards of
£lb.>,00a rhe testator leaves an annuity of £400 to Catherine
Agnes, the widow of his late son, James Albert Clement Tabor •
annuities of £..«> each to his daughters. Mrs. Mary Collison
labor Green, Mrs. Susannah Hailey Tabor V.’ardrop and
t Em *T } V 0 , t0r .‘, a « Tabor Savin; annuities of £«00
each to Albert Maitlanfi Tabor and John Clement Tabor
hi. Jh youngest sons of his said late son ; and annnities to
n 8 r ondehil,lren all charged upon parts of his real
estate. He gives Ins books, pictures, and jewellery to his
grandson, James Tabor, the eldest son of his said late son •
and there are bequests to his executors, and to his housekeeper
and cook. Subject as aforesaid, he settles all his real estate,
h,a P cr T aI estat0 - n ' ,on his tuandsem. the
said James Tabor ; and on his coming into possession there is
annotty" pr ° T19 ‘ 0n Iot hls next eldt ' 8t brotbe,: takin B a farther
, ft J be W da f e S Ju 'y 27,1877), with a codicil (dated Nov. !>,
S ? f Mr- J <*n Hibbert, J.P.. late of Braywick Lodge
toYs oa T ’ m ’ Maroh 28 l**t, was proved on
July “3 by Mrs. Charlotte Elizabeth llibbert. the widow.
Robert Lambert Turner Jrton, and Samuel liircliam, the
executors the value of tho personal estate exceeding £70,000.
Ihe testator bequeaths £1000, and all his personal estate and
effects (except leasehold estate and chattels real, stocks, shares
credits, and securities), to his wife; £100 to the Windsor
Infirmary ; £.>00 to Frederick Mansel Turner: £300 to each of
bis executors; an annuity of £300 to Ins sister, Lydia Jane
Hibbci't; an annuity of £150 to Mary Watkins; annuities to
his butler, coachman, and gardener ; and £«00, to be dis¬
tributed by his executors, at their discretion, among his
servants and labourers. He apjioints certain real and personal
estate, under his marriage settlement, on the death of his wife
to his cousin, Edgar Paul 'lichborne Hibbert. The residue of
ms real and personal estate he le.ives, upon trast. for his wife
for life, and then for his said ouun.
T be "' n i Coated Aug 17, 18s:,) of Count Carlo Angiolini
Clencetti, formerly of No. 3<J, Devonshire-street, Portland-
place^but late of No. 08, Montpellier-road, Brighton, officer of
the Order of the Crown of Italy, who died on May 2 last
P ' OV , e, , i r on i nly 1 27 by l i enr y Mann . Hebert Rutbven
Pym, and Henry Burnley Heath, the executors, the valne of
personal estate amounting to npwards of £4<>000 The
testator bequeaths legacies amounting to £11,500 to various
charitable institutions nt Milan, Rome, and Turin. He also
bequeaths £lfi00 to tho Italian Benevolent Society in London ■
£ low to the Sussex County Hospital ; £500 to the Sunday
and Day School for Italians in London at Saffron-hill; £500
a [minting on glass by Agneni, a mahogany hook-case with
books, a bronze statuette by Marochetti, and a pair of bronze
candlesticks to the Brighton Free Library and Museum ; £400
to the Asylum for the Blind, Eastern-road, Brighton : £300 to
the Brighton, Hove, and Preston Provident Dispensary • £200
to the Sussex Eye Hospital, Queen’s-road, Brighton • and
legacies to servants and others. The residue of his property
is to be realised and invested in Italian Rentes,and the revenue
periodically distributed by the Municipality of Milan among
the deserving poor of both sexes, natives of and domiciled in
Milan.
The will (dated March 2fi, 188S) of Mr. Thomas Cox. late of
Glanelly, Great Malvern, Worcestershire, who died on May 27
last, was proved on July 21 by Mrs. Elizabeth Cox, the widow
Thomas Edward Lucy, John Percival Balmer, and Shelston
Kench, the executors, the value of tho personal estate amount¬
ing to upwards of £31,0(10. The testator bequeaths £400 a
certain sum of £1000 bequeathed to her by her father’s will,
and all the furniture, plate, pictures, and effects at his
residence, to his wife ; £100 to his sister, Emily Cox : £100 to
each of his executors, Mr. Lucy, Mr. Balmer, and Mr. Kench ;
and £ 1000 to each of his children. The residue of his real and
personal estate he leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life, and
then for his children.
The will (dated July 13, 1881), with two codicils (dated
June 5, 1885, and Dec. 8, 1887), of Miss Florence Mary
Georgina Cole, late of No. 00, Eaton-place, who died on May 21
last, was proved on July 12 by James Henry Cole, the brother,
the sole executor, the value of the personal estate amounting
to over £21,000. The testatrix bequeaths £3500 to her sister-
in-law, Mrs. Elizabeth Frances Cole ; £1000 to her niece and
god-daughter, Florence Kate Lowry Cole; £1500 to her said
brother, James Henry, and £1000 each to her two sisters,
Frances Maria Frederica Virginia Cole and Henrietta Anno
Pauline Cole. The residue of her mouey, stocks, funds, and
securities she leaves, upon trust, for her said two sisters, for
their lives, and on the death of the survivor to go with the
personal estate of her late brother, Colonel Arthur Lowry Colo.
The ultimate residue of her property she gives to her said two
sisters.
The will (dated May 20, 188G) of Lieutenant-Colonel Henry
Beckwith Sawrey, late of Clairviile, Reigate, who died on
May 23 last, was proved on July 25 by Mrs. Gertrude Mary
Sawrey, the widow, and Frederick Angnstns Manley, the
nephew, the acting executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £12,000. The testator bequeaths £500
and all his furniture, pictures, household effects (except silver
plate), horses and carriages, to his wife ; and £500 to Sarah
Annie King. The residue of his real and personal estate ho
leaves,uj>on truBt,for hiswife, for life,and thenforhischildrcn ;
and, in default of children, for his said nephew, Frederick
Augustus Mauley. _
Daniel Wilson, LL.D., President of tlio University of
Toronto, Canada, has been knigbted.
1. Pope'i Birthplace, Plough-court, Lombard-street 8. Twickenham Church ntvl Kel-pie Island, from Popo's Villa.
2. Popes House at Twickenham. 4. Pope’s Grotto.
THE POPE CENTENARY COMMEMORATION AT TWICKENHAM.
8. Interior of Grotto, left side.
6. Interior of Grotto, right side.
0BB FAOB 170.
170
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 11, 1888
THE FOPE COMMEMORATION.
Sir Mountstuart Elpbinatone Grant-Duff. on Tuesday, July 31,
opened, at the Twickenham
Townhall, a collection ot
books, autographs, paint¬
ings, drawings, engravings,
and personal relics con¬
nected with the poet Alex¬
ander Pope, now brought
together in commemoration
of the bi-centenary of the
year of his birth. The com¬
mittee, of which Sir M. E.
Grant-Duff is president, in¬
cludes Mr. W. J. Courthopc,
Mr. Austin Dobson, Pro¬
fessor Henry Morley, the
ltev. L. M. D'Orsey (bon.
local secretary), Mr. Henry
Tedder (hon. secretary). Mr.
Russell Lowell, Mr. Alfred
Austin. Mr. Edmund Gosse,
Mr. W. Senior, Mr. John
Murray, and other well-
known persons. Mr. Edward
King was the originator of
the movement. The collec¬
tion, to which the contri¬
butors number between
seventy and eighty, includes
the first, second, and several subsequent editions of Pope's
works, a number of autograph lettersand manuscripts, paintings,
miniatures, drawings, and engravings of the poet, of his most
prominent contempor¬
aries. and of places with ^
which his life and
works were identified, ]
and various article?
which belonged tc
Pope Amongst the
books are the first edi¬
tion of The Rape of
the Lock.” and other
scarce editions, lent by
Mr Edmund Gosse.
Mr. Austin Dobson,
Lieutenant-Colonel F.
Grant,, Mr. James
Montgomery, Mr.
Alfred Austin, Mr. J.
Dnrell-Blonnt, Mr. F.
Walker. Mr.
Courthopc, and other
collectors have placed
the treasures of their libraries at the disposal of the com¬
mittee. Pope's own copy of " Tiro Dunciad.” over one hundred
pages of which are fitted with corrections in the author's
handwriting, is lent by Mr.
Richard Tangyo; and Mr. II.
Kaxe-Wyndham, M r. A. Morrison,
and Mrs. II. G. Bohn contribute
manuscript letters of more or
less interest. A very interesting
contribution is that of Sir Theo¬
dore Martin, who has lent the
original mannscript of the Life
of Pope by Dr. Johnson, in the
“ Lives of the Poets” : autograph
letters from Pope, Johnson, Mrs.
Thrale; drawings of a number
of Pope's contemporaries, and
other relics—all bound in one
superb folio volnme. Mr. John
Murray sends a bnst of the poet
by Roubiliac, the autograph of
the preface to the first collection
of the works, and other docu¬
ments ; and there is a largo
number of portraits of Pope in
oil. water-colonr, and line en¬
graving, together with counter¬
feit presentments of Martha and
Theresa Blount, Queen Anne,
Lord Cobham, Lady Mary Wortley
Montagn, Horace Walpole,
Addison, Matthew Prior, Dr. Bentley, and other of Pope's
contemporaries. Some score of views of Twickenham and its
neighbourhood are included in the exhibition, and the personal
relics include a cast of tho poet's skull taken wheu the remains
were disturbed some thirty or forty years ago; a Malacca cano
POPE'S TEAPOT.
with ivory head, which
was Pope's walking-stick;
a chair which Pope is said
to have constantly used ; ,
a small china teapot wiih
metal spont, which he gave
to his cousin, J. Ward, of
Reading; and a casket
known as “ the feather
box,” made from the wood
of a willow planted by ^
Pope, and with his full-
length portrait on tho
inside of the lid.
The opening of the ex¬
hibition, which wason view till Saturday, took place in the Town-
hall, the chair being taken by Sir M. E. Grant-Duff. Among the
company were Lady Freake, Igrdy Grant-Duff. Mr. W. J. Court-
hope. Mr. Austin Dobson, Mr. Edmund Gosse, Colonel Thompson,
Mr. C. J. Thrnpp (chairman of the local board). Mr. Vincent
Griffiths, Mr. E. King (originator of the commemoration). Mr. II.
R. Tedder (hon. secretary, librarian of the Athenaeum Club), the
Rev. L. M. D'Orsey (local secretary), the Rev. Ashton Gwatkin,
the Rev. E. English, and Mr. G. Mackintosh. Professor Henry
Morley delivered an address on Pope, in the coarse of which
he said it was surely a sign that there was depth and breadth
in the man that there should be to this very day such various
opinions held about him. After briefly narrating the leading
f ic's of Pope's youth and progress in literature, Mr. Morley
arid that the poet was distinctly a product of the French
s drool of criticism, which was prevalent in his youth, and
which aimed especially at clearness and sense. The influence
of that school was dominant when he began to write. Never¬
theless, lie was a trne poet, and deserved a high place in the
history ot English literature.
RAMBLING SKETCHES: liALLANTRAE,
AYRSHIRE.
The land of Robert Runis, Ayrshire, contains no lovelier
valley than that of the Stinchar; and it won a tribute of verse
from that poet, as he watched the stream flowing down to tho
Atlantic at Ballantrac. But in this poem, he changed the
name to Lngar, so that a stranger would not know he referred
to the district. It is no wonder that a group of well-known
Scorch artists should make Rallantrae their favourite head¬
quarters. One of the most successful of these has truly said
that nowhere can fine effects of sea and sky be better studied
than here. Ballantrae is famous for its glorious sunsets ; and
the colours of rock and sea are such as cannot be surpassed in
beauty. The rocks at each headland flanking Ballantrae are
of black, brown, and purple colour; they are “trap"rocks,
with endless gigantic fissures and grand clefts and chasms,
into whose mysterious depths the Atlantic waves enter foaming,
to Ire stilled in the innermost recesses. lint during a strong
westerly gale, many spouting caves can here be observed ; ami
such masses of foam lie on the cliffs as to astonish even those
who have lived by the Atlantic all their days. Sea-weed, too.
lies in the coves or bays, five feet in depth. Such a strange lied
of solid seaweed exists between Ballantrae and the town of
Girvan, in a small and beautiful bay.
The view from behind the village of Ballantrae is extensive
and highly interesting. Loch Ryan lies behind a headland :
the coast of Ireland is seen on the left front; between Ireland
and Kintvre is the open Atlantic ; on the right front towers
rsilsa Craig, with the Isle of Arran behind ; and tire hills of
Loclt Fyne are well seen on any clear day. The old ruined
castles in this neighbourhood arc remarkable, perched on com¬
manding crags, ami well within bugle-call of each other. The
finest of these is Craig Kiel, owned by Mr. Maet'onnel, who
has stopjied the barbarism of quarrying limestone, arid so
undermining the castle. Its aspect would strike even those
who have seen all the castles of the Rhine and the Danube.
In this castle, at times, dwelt Robert Brnce. The walls are of
tremendous strength : even now. though one huge angle has
fallen out. undermined by the qnarrymen, it bids fair to last
for centnrics if it be left alone. Tho right time for visiting
this castle is the sunset hour ; then wait till the crimson and
gold beat in at its windows and loopholes, and presently flood
the interior, with its solemn arch and lofty hall of great
height. The visitor will remember it as one of the most
romantic scenes in Scotland. And Stinchar Castle is just
behind Ballantrae : it was a grand castle once. The district
is tho land of the Kennedy's, of whom Lord Ailsa is the head.
The village of Ballantrae is well supplied with delicious
fish ; and there is an excellent bakery, producing “haps,”
which arc delicious, besides “scones "and many other things.
There is also a good village batcher ; and lasR not least, this
village is an abode of qaiet and peace. Here, too, the golfer
has a glorious bit of turf; while the lawn-tennis player has
two courts for his pastime.
FOREIGN NEWS.
The Emperor and Empress of Brasil embarked at Bordeaux
on Aug. 5 for Puaillac, en route to Brazil.—M. Carnot unveiled
a statue of Mirabean at Montargis on Ang. 5 ; thirty thousand
persons were present. M. Carnot afterwards held a reception —
Some encounters took place on thetith between the police and tho
navvies on strike in Paris in consequence of the laUerattemptinsr
to prevent men who have not struck from continningtheir work
The hairdressers' assistants and the cafe waiters on strike on
leaving a meeting at the Bourse du Travail, proceeded—the
former in the direction of the Place des Victoires and tho
latter towards the Cafe de la Paix, which they intended to
ransack. The rioters were, however, promptly dispersed by
the police. Great excitement prevailed among the men on
strike at Amiens, who on the fith paraded the streets with
flags. A disturbance occurred in tho afternoon, tnt order was
ultimately restored by the mounted gendarmerie, who made
three arrests.—A fatal conflict has oc 2 lined between Italian
and French labourers at some railway works in France one
man being killed and several wounded. T he quarrel arose
from the discharge of the Italians, owing to the represent¬
ations of the French.
Cavaliere Bonacina, President of the Italian Exhibition in
London, was received in audience at Rome on Ang. 4 by the
King of Italy, when his Majesty expressed bis satisfaction at
the success of (he Exhibition.—The Italian Protectorate over
Zula. to the south of Massowah, haB been formally proclaimed.
The French Foreign Minister has sent a Note to the Powers
respecting the Massowah question.—A volcanic eruption
occurred on Ang. 3 in the Lipari Isles, the gronp off Sicily in
which the well-known volcano of Strom bolt is situated.
Immense damage is stated to have been caused.
Tlic Emperor William II., having spent the night at
Friedrichsruh, with Prince Bismarck, left shortly after noon
on Aug. 1 for Potsdam, which he reached at half-past five,
and drove at once to the Marble Palace. He was enthus¬
iastically received. — The Emperor, on the 3rd. received at
Potsdam, with all the pomp usual on such occasions, the
Extraordinary Mission sent by the Sultan to congratulate
his Majesty on his accession to the throne. The audience was
followed by a dinner, the guests at which were Mnnir Pasha
and his suite ; the Turkish Ambassador, with theothermembers
of the Turkish Embassy; Count Herbert Bismarck, and Prince
Radolin. 1 he Emperor continues to devote much attention to
his army. On Ang. li there was a sham-fight, under the per¬
sonal direction of his Majesty, near Potsdam, In which the
cutire garrison and two batteries of Field Artillery of Iho
G uavds took part. On the 7th the Emperor was present while
the Fusilier Battalion of the 2nd Emperor Franz Regiment of
Grenadier Guards went through the new drill on the Tern pel bof
field, under the command of Major Menges, of the War Office.
At the close of the drill, the Emperor lunched with the officers
of the regiment, at their barracks.
Terrible floods in Germany, Austria, and Russia are re¬
ported.
The First Chamber of the Netherlands States-General have
ratified the North Sea Liquor Traffic Convention, and [Kissed
the Bill extending the Netherlands Bank Charter for fifteen
years.
General Sheridan, so well known for his bravo and skilful
leadership of the cavalry of the United States during the Civil
War, died on Sunday night. Ang. 5, aged fifty-seven, from a
failure of the action of the heart. A Bill to provide a pension
of 5000 dols. a year for his widow has been introduced in the
United States Senate.—A fatal fire occurred on Ang. 3 at a
tenement-house adjoining tho rear of tho People's Theatre,
New York. The building was occupied mainly by Polish
tailors.
Official advices state that the crop prospects throughout the
Dominion of Canada arc generally above the average. In
Manitoba the prospects are unprecedented.—Sir George Stephen
has resigned the presidency of the Canadian Pacific Railroad ;
the vice-president, Mr. Van Horne, will succeed him.
The Cape House of Assembly has (tassed the Railway
Extension Bill.—The total loss of life, European and native,
by the terrible accident at the De Beers Mine is estimated
at 250.
The Daily Xm-» Calcutta Correspondent telegraphs that
1000 Thibetans have entered Sikkim, and threaten Pakyong.
Colonel Graham is confident of his ability to resist any
attack.
The British ship Star of Greece was wrecked in Aldinga
Bay. near Adelaide, on July 13, and seventeen persons, in¬
cluding tho captain, were drowned.
The revenue of New Zealand for the quarter ending June 30
last amounted to £7f>8,000, being an increase of £41,000, as
compared with the corresponding period of last year. The
Customs receipts increased by £ 15,000.
SCHWEITZER'S
COCOATINA.
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa or Chocolate Powder.
GUARANTEED PURE SOLUBLE COCOA.
Sold In | lb., 4 lb., and 1 lb. Tins.
ST CHEMISTS, GROCERS, Ac.
NUOA VERITAS
HUD A VERITAS, f»r tweuty.
two yciri* acknowledged to lie
superior to »ll other Hair He-
etorer*. SJo*t effectual, hat mlc**,
and permanent.
k *0*s. tl A IS. Rrrner*-»Irv
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IRISH EXHIBITION’,
QLYMPIA, KENSINGTON.
PRODUCT* and >1
Open 1
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W»h*.
IRISH ARTS ;it
in all part j* ot England, Scotland, Ireland ,'ai
. ONE SHILLING.
ITOLLOWAY'S PILLS and OINTMENT.
A A The Pill* purify the LJood, correct all disorder* of the
l,ve £t kidney*, and bowel*. The Ointment is mi-
mailed in the cure of lad leg*, old wound*. gimt.rh«uinmi-iu.
TALKER’S CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES.
“ An llhi.ifrated Oiinhgncof \V:itcbo* and flock* :.t
lured price* Mint free on niiiiliealtoii in
JOHN WALKER. Cornlull. and L*3D. Rcgcnt-aircer.
W
redt
J
V .
cleanse* partially-decayed ti
animalciila*, lenvmu them p,
•cd of honey, *•«!«. ami <•:
■erfectly delicious i
it cry where, at :•*. 6d. per’Bottle.
•id by Chemists and Perfume:
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Polish.
THE OLDEST AND
BEST.
"THE QUEEN
Sold by Grocers, Ironmongers, Cabinetmakers,
Oilmen, dec.
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CONSUMPTION
AND ALL DEBILITATING DISEASES CURED DY
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“NOT A DRUG." Pamphlet (101 page*), post-free,
with direction* for Home treatment,
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12, Bloomsbury-mansions, London.
TOWLES PENNYROYAL and STEEL
1 PILLS for FEMALES. Sold In Rose*, I«. l|d. and S*.M..
nf *11 fhemi«i". Sent any where mi receipt <>( »5<»r 3t «tniit|<* by
the LINCOLN and MIDLAND COUNT! KS Dll VO CO.. Lincoln.
/IOLDEN HAIR.-Robares AUREOLINE
IJ produce* the beautiful gulden colour *«» much Admired.
Wnrrauted^perfect ly harmlf •*. rnrc .'i*. W. ™ml lew. ftl.,j»f nil
BENHAM & SONS
CHIMNEY-PIECES, STOVES, TILES,
COOKING APPARATUS, KITCHENERS,
LAUNDRIES, LIFTS, ENGINEERING,
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, ELECTRIC BELLS.
WIGMORE-STREET, LONDON.
H*«
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BAYLISS, JONES, l BAYLISS, WOLVERHAMPTON,
London Show-Room*: 139 k 141, CAHNON-STRMT 1C.
N
AUTICAL TRAINING COT,LEGE.—The
thaMkh nautical TRAINING COLLEGE. II.M.S.
The annual term* In the Upper School
rhirtocn to nfteen-nnd-a-hfUf.nre V>*mii*a*,and in mu wn
School, for cadet* front eleven ihlriecn. 43
Charge to c ell of 10 guinea* f«r uniform*. mmBcsJJ
anew?washing, Ac. The B<ord nf TmOe allow cteIWNJJgJJ
mtsed on I rail'd title elnp *hall count a* one year* •“Crt icc.
The Admiralty annually give Sea CwJuUbip* in the
"SS o 3 u£i,V,ll nK-OP*X MONDAY, Sol*. ,f,er
Mid.nmnwr Vncailon. Kora, awl Pn»l*ciu.c.
Ttaml kaw Im e.v‘ >„.,u u ■»>“
AUG. 11, 1398
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
171
NE1V MUSIC.
^HAPPELL and CO.’S POPULAR MUSIC.
D ear heart.
Ily TITO MATTEL
TI«U popular Song
Published in three key*.
H EAVEN’ AND EARTH.
By PIN.SPTL
Sung by MuiJiune Enri'iuez.
Thirty-second Edition n«w ready
C!NOWY-BREAST ED PEARL.
S lly .11MK V II ROB1Nri*>N.
Sunu t>y Madame KmUmez. Edwanl Lloyd, Ac._
/ill VPPELL and CO.’S PIANOFORTES,
II I’.MS^aiid ,AMRUICAN^•r^Hil'f,
io Three-Year*’ System.
/ iIIAPPELL and CO.’S IRON-FRAMED
V ) OHLD'UE PIANOFORTES, Manufactured Axpressly fm
v xtremo climate*. from 35 Uuiuoa*. ToeltuiouiaU fr.»m all
t nrtii of the vv,| rl d. _
/IHAPPELL and CO.’S STUDENTS’
1*1 A NOS. Ci»iiii «99 Kjm* Octaves, from 16 guineas.
WHAT IS YOUR CREST and WHAT I A IX-LE8-BAINS.—Grand Hfitel Europe.
. Rn<l . cmmt Y *° One of the most renowned and l>aat conducted in Europe.
f>°r 8 Heraldic omco. Painting in heraldic colours, ! Patronised by Royal Family. Suo ninny chamliera. Itolloed
The^rm.*^ j ;iawu-teum*.-hkuxA 8 coN, Prop rietor.
I ,u ““ u I A IX-LES-BAIN8. - Grand Cercle Casino.
I - — ■ - - --—------ - -/"•*- Theatrical season. May to October; concerts, comedy,
PULLETON'S GUINEA BOX of
v-/ STATIONERY-!! Ream of Paper and soo Envelouc*. work*, amt groin! ball*. A. VtuiKit, Director.
•Minped Will. Cr..t or Aildre... No clmrge tor cngrnvin. ,--
iKr'i'^d I A NDERMATT, Switzerland.—Hotel Belle
ItSlarun^^u<f)^\v , l' ,graVer ’ 25 ' Cntul,ourn * ,lr «« l (corner of j .. r: V U P. Kurlinu*. near the Gncsclienc-n station of the
RISK OP NEW ZEALAND
Vl»r..vpnnited by Act of General Assembly, July 20,1801).
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Capital suhsenbedaud paid up, Xl.ooo.'W).
Head' \ tiTIcc—A ifrklamb
BRANCHES AND AGENCIES,
ill f'I^^oytT^ ev ka W ’ •' ,c,, ' uurnc ’ Newcastle,aud Sydney.
Vhrt.tci.ur5i!. n>'_n- ' TAtEPPE--Hotel Royal, facing tlio sea.
Superior first-class house. worthily leeoiiimemlcd.
persons suffering from lung affection*.
Ci 1 u inti x-K wsskluauh, Proprietor
|>ADEN-BADEN.—Hotel Victoria. First
rla**. IWamtfully situated, ncaicst 1 Jic (Viia «:r*:iii<.n
House and Fivdcnck-liad. Sanitary ai-mugcmmu ] ci feel.
Accommodation superior. Model ate chnruc*.
V. Gkomioi.z, Proprietor.
BIRMINGHAM MUSICAL FESTIVAL.
TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY. and
PRINCIPAL ARTISTES :-Ma<l.nne AI.HANT, Miss AMPLER.
Miss ANNA WILLIAMS, Madame PATKY. Madanm
HAND AND CllOItl S OF 500 PERFORMERS.
SOLO IMANO
Mis- FANNY DAVIES.
CON Dl l TOR •• hr. H AN S It 1 (TITER.''
OUTLINE. OF THE PKRKOItMANTES.
TUESDAY MORNING. Alt;.
TIKSIIAY EVENING. — |
IT AH AT MATER ”
0 ”.
/ 'L0UG1I and WAHREN S CELEBRATED
VJ AMERICAN ORGANS, from C guineas to 830 guineas.
Superior flrst-cinss I
.Nearest Hit: sea. the casino, t
d lidtc. Open all the year.
argill, Napier, Nelson, New Ply mouth, Picton, Wcl-
”V.n" »■ other townsaiul[places throughout the Colony.
Hus Hank giutiiH Drafts on all us Brandies and Agencies,
amt r ransact s every uesi'ript 1011 of I tanking business connected
with New Zealand, Auscr..lm,aud Fiji <>n the most favourable
C The London oitico receives fi xf.h deposits of jcseand - LES - BAIN3, Savoy. Grand
upwards, rites and jiartimlnrs of which can be ascertained on , „ theatrical representations, operas, concerts,
application. F. Laukivoutiiy, Managing Director . . c..»v»*i«itioii saloons. Bathing estiildGlnncnt.
No. l, Ouecn Victoriu-strcct, Mansion Rouse E C Authorised by the State aud Academy of Medicine, f'*«-
liver affections, &c. Ukunauu, 1)1
iv IJoiid-strcct; :ii»d 15, Poultry, E.C.
TUCERNE.-Steam.boat travelling on this
ASSURANCE Company. Hull. KtcDn Ashley? Chairman. ^ chissioil Lake 1* one of the princii.nl pleasure* of
Anjiuiil Income,£2bi/i)u. Investtal Capital ami Reserve Fund, J.? 1 V,«V?iu.. 1 .U i0 .^. l . , . , ,V“ knots, and hate
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r-nupt and Liberal
I,'BARDS’ PIANOS—Messrs. ERARD, of
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,> ir ,a M .ki-r-to her Maje-ry ami the Priueo and I’rmecs* of
Wale-.'CAPTION the Publ.c »hat Piauoforte* are being Sold
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JOHN BROAD WOOD and SONS,
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llig-.WX’. Head OITIec.
[Nunpcu.-ation paid for l“ii.i««j Acndcut.-,
Restaurant. Tublcd'hoic. Ticked
r UCERNE.—Pension New Schweizerhaus.
J Comfortnblo English and American home, near n,... 1 •
rtTrtm.e « , . - »•* Comfortable English and American home. ,.v
w rtitvlNi.—Patterns of new French Printed »t»diiiui. i^irgo garden. Estensne mow* of Aip*.
V-t Shirt ing- and Ox ford Mat.«eui to -elect from. KiiKhiri* 5°' vn - * int m®*Iicnl recommendations. Petisitui, trum »u
fmiics. J08 KIMI Koht, Proprietor.
M
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d CO., 41. Poultry, London.
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111 try, London.
S|M<cial to M«-a
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III11 -11 .it.■<! Scl f-mea-ii r
R. FORD and <
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OIDI U S — (;ENTLEMEN S UXDER-
T UCERN E.— Hotels Schweizerhof and
-L/ Liiccruevliof. An extra floor and two new lifts added
Tlie^eliftnc light is supplied in the W.0
Uauhkii Kukukr, Proprietors.
M°NT DORE-LES-BAINS, Puy-de-Dome.
A"A. Hnihing E-tiihliHlimcnt rocoiuuiemled for Rroiicliuii.
and Asthimi. also for l.nci , S| ’ ■ •
Gcplember . aliu iidr. «li*i d« g.
AICRUEN. Switzerland.—Grand Hotel des
A lj*c». Altitude. HV.VI yard-. Oncof the mo-t bcaniiful
-pot* in Smt/eilaml. This Hotel m ju*t reimii m -1. no.
CPITEU JtY.MI’IIONY ’
>DAY’ MnltMNG,
T»» ; or, TilK ItEG
ml oXi-i.-slv for lb. . ... ... ..
9 PSAI.M. Haydn» SYMPHONY tu D. SaW.imm
SET.
H EDNKSDAY EVENING-Sir Arthur Ki.lliinn *“GOLDEN
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A MlSl EI.LANKoUS SKLLCT JON. iiicluding n FA NT A SI K,
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t or l u*ev urtil Places . . „ „
|» 0 D K I G U E S*
0 in’ ich. Lauterbrunnen.
CWITZEULANI>.-Tbe Vitznan - Ri P i
k / Railway.the *|ioTt<-*t. <-)■<•;< pot. and nm-t fie<|io tiled way
’ 1 ued Rici Knlm. i« \ i.i I ucei up aud Vu /.n;tu, w it h
* K:iltl>:id for l he Rigi-Schcidock.
f N V E X T10 X S
r PHUX.—Hotel Pension Baumg’arten.situatetl
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- |m>-ii ion. Spier * •■•■■■■.
1 Family holi>e ; •
Places for perMUi* u
Apppeatioti* 10 the
the price of the pine
ally or by Inter, to
llint Committee. I Jt,l
make application, pt-r
nml Hnrrpun, Mn-ic
Rumiiiebniii. where 11
DMM
I Harri-on. )l.i>
. minchnni. k||i
A ptdiv.itloll* fi
Mr. Ron KPT L. I
West Uioil!pton. K.*lii
HIS MAJKS1
ms r.ov.M. munxKsI-
H Ballot f.ir and Select
ID. Em|.. I lie Chau man of
N PRINCE of IT A IT.
F. X HIM T 1 U X.
TDK LXII IHITloN «»K Tl
s scri.i Ti 11 K. painting?
r'vuuvk-Slaiu.ku, Proprietor
» five >>u apidivatioii.--Rvi
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I’hiliofortu llaiiiif.ic
* VNITFVP pinn pFatf i n 1 / URI CH.—Hotel Belle-Vue au Lac. First
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, PICCADILLY, LONDON.
the landing of the |
Proprietor, j
I I.LP.MIN ATKD G ARDE
JF.PHTHAHS VOW.
M
T T A L I A N
A AdllllHHP'U lu till
« IPUKl-MlCCt, Ten t<
/ JLASGOW International EXHIBITION
VI „f INDVsTRY, SCIHNCK, mid ART.
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172
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG.
OBITUARY.
REAR-ADMIRAI, CODRINGTON.
Rear-Admiral William Codrington, C.B., died on July 29 at
Shrnblande, Tunbridge Welle, aged fifty-six. Ho'became
Sub-Lieutenant in July, 1853, and served as Mate of the
Eurydioe, in the White Sea, during the Russian War. His
other appointments were—Lieutenant, October, 1855 ; Com¬
mander, July, 1864 ; Captain, June, 18(19 ; and Rear-Admiral
April, 188(1. He was Private Secretary to the First Lord of
the Admiralty, 1876 to 18SU. and was made a C.B. (civil) in
April, 1880. He was Aide-de-Camp to the Queen from 1883 to
188(1: Captain-Superintendent of Sheerness Dockyard, 1883
to 1885 : Director of Naval Ordnance. December, 1882, to
April, 1883 ; on Parliamentary Committee on the Building
and Repair of Ships. 1884 ; Junior Naval Lord of the Ad¬
miralty, June, 1885, to February. 1886; and Admiral-Super¬
intendent of Chatham Dockyard, April, 1886, to November, 1887.
COLONEL RUCK-KEENE.
Colonel Edmond Ruck-Keene, of Swyncombe House, in the
county of Oxford, J.P., formerly Major 2nd Dragoon Guards
and Colonel of the Oxfordshire Hussars, died on July 17 aged
sixty-six. He was eldest son of the Rev. Charles Edmond Ruck-
Keene of Swyncombe, Fellow of All Souls, by Rebecca Frances,
his wife, daughter of Sir George Shiffner, and was grandson of
Mr. Benjamin Keene, M.P., by Mary, his wife, only daughter
of Mr. George Ruck, of Swyncombe, in the county of Oxford,
which Mr Benjamin Keene was son of Dr. Edmond Keene.
Bishop of Ely. Colonel Ruck-Kecne was married twice, and
leaves issue.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL SIR A. NEED.
Lieutenant - Colonel Sir Arthur Need, Lieutenant of her
Majesty’s Yeomen of the Guard, died, at his residence. Fountain
Dale. HI id worth, Notts, aged sixty-nine. He served with dis¬
tinction with the 14th Hussars in the Punjaub Campaign of
1848-49 ; and took part in the Persian Expedition in 1857, and
in the same year served with the Central India Field-Force,
lie was frequently mentioned in despatches. Sir A. Need was
a Magistrate for the county of Notts.
MR. TYRWHITT DRAKE.
Mr Thomas Tyrwhitt Drake, of Shardeloes, Amcrsham, Bucks,
and St. Donat’s Castle. Glamorganshire, J.P. and D.L. High
Sheriff of Bucks in 1859, died on July 24, aged seventy-one.
The Drakes of Shardeloes, for centuries a very eminent family
in the county of Buckingham, represented, for several genera¬
tions. the borough of Agmondesham in Parliament. The
gentleman whose death we record was born July 14, 1817 He
married, Aug. 8. 1843, Elizabeth Julia, daughter of Mr. John
Stratton, and widow of Colonel Wedderburn, and by her, who
died July, 1885, leaves issue.
THE DEAN OF CHICHESTER.
The Very Rev. John William Burgon, Dean of Chichester
died at the Deanery on Aug. 4. Dr. Burgon was a Fellow of
Oriel College, Oxford, for thirty years, and was Vicar of St.
Mary the Virgin, Oxford, from 1863 to 1876, when be became
Dean of Chichester. The published works of the Dean make a
very long list, and inclnde “The Life and Times of Sir Thomas
Gresham,’ a “ Commentary on the Four Gospels," and the
“ Portrait of a Christian Gentleman."
We have also to record the deaths of—
Colonel Sowerby, of Pntteridge Park, near Lnton, on
Aug. 2. He was attacked and killed by a stag that used to
march at the head of the Durham Light Infantry, of which
regiment the deceased was Lieutenant-Colonel.
Mr. G. L. Bassett, of Tehidy, Camborne, Cornwall, the
principal mineral owner in the county, on July 25.
Colonel Charles Elliot, C.B., late Madras Artillery, on July 23,
at 33, Cranley-gardens, aged sixty-four.
Lieutenant-General FitzRoy Miller Mnndy, formerly of the
Bengal Staff Corps, on July 12, aged seventy-three.
Lady Wilson (Caroline), wife of Sir Charles Rivers Wilson,
K.C.M.G., C.B., and daughter of Mr. R. Cook, on July 13.
Mr. G. E. Skinner, the Deputy Assistant-Paymaster of the
Supreme Court, suddenly, on Aug. 2.
Colonel William Scarlett, of Gigha, in the county of Argyll,
suddenly, on July 31, aged forty-eight.
The Rev. William Fraine Fortescne, Vicar of Chesterton,
Oxon, at Folkestone, on July 27, aged seventy-nine.
Lady Lennard (Julie Maria Frances), wife of Sir John
Farnaby Lennard, Bart., and daughter of Mr. Henry Hallam,
F.R.S., on July 15, at Wickham Court, Kent.
Harriet, Dowager Lady Gerard, widow of the late Lord
Gerard, and daughter of Mr. Edward Clifton, brother of Mr.
Clifton, of Lytham, on July 20, at Twyford Abbey, Middlesex.
Colonel Digby St. Vincent Hamilton, formerly of the
78th Highlanders, eldest son of Colonel J. P. Hamilton, K.H.
Soots Guards, at Bath, on July 28, aged seventy-two.
Mr. John Edward Bartlett, of Peverel Court, Bucks.
J.P. and D.L., High Sheriff, 1882, at Buxton, on Aug 1
aged sixty-four.
Mr. Robert St. John Cole Bowen, of Bowenscourt, county
Cork, M.A., J.P., High Sheriff, 1865, on July 20. aged
fifty-seven.
The Marchioness of Ailsa, at Cnlzean, Ayrshire, on July 26.
Her Ladyship was the Hon. Evelyn Stuart, third daughter of
Lord Blantyre, was born in 1848, and was married to the
Marquis of Ailsa in 1871.
The Rev. Rowland Mosley, Rector of Egginton, Burton-on-
Trent, fourth son of Mr. Ashton Nicholas Every Mosley, J.P.
and D.L., of Burnaston House, in the county of Derby, on
Jnly 24, aged fifty-eight,
Mr. H. C. Rothery (who resigned the office of Wreck Com¬
missioner two months ago, in consequence of. failing health),
on Aug. 2, at his residence at Bagshot, Surrey, from heart
disease, in the seventy-first year of his age.
Dr. Lush, who represented Salisbury in the Liberal interest
from 1868 to 1880, suddenly, on Aug. 4. at St. Leonard's-on-
I seTcnt y- thr « e - Dr. Lush was a Justice of the Peace
for Salisbury, and formerly Mayor and an alderman of that city.
Colonel Arthur Wellington Cameron, late 92nd Gordon
Highlanders, suddenly, at Dunain House. Inverness, on July 27,
aged sixty-one. He was the youngest son of the late’ Sir
Alexander Cameron, K.C.B., K.C.H. Ride Brigade.
Mr. Algernon Charles Talbot, of Aston Hall, Cheshire, at
f orest House, Bournemouth, on Jnly 27. aged twenty-nine.
He. was the eldest son of Mr. Charles Arthur Talbot, of Aston
Hall, nephew of Henry John, eighteenth Earl of Shrewsbury.
Rev. Thomas Edward Crailan. M.A., for seventeen years
Chaplain at the Sussex County Asylum, Hayward’s-heafh at
his residence, Ivy House, Emsworth, suddenly, on July 3U
aged sixty-one.
Colonel Reginald John Manningham Buller, late of the
Grenadier Guards, at Dilhorn Hall, in the connty of Stafford,
• 11 , 1888
An 5; 2, aged fifty-seven. He was the fourth son of Sir
Edward Manningham Buller, first Baronet, and was brother of
the present Baronet. 01
Anne Charlotte, Lady Hay, wife of Sir Hector Maclean
Hay, Bart of Alderston, on July 24, in her seventy-“ghth
year. Lady Hay was daughter of Dr. J. White, 17th Light
?hars n Bird,HLC m S amed ’ ** ““Lionel William
The Hon. Mrs. Peel Dawson, at Folkestone, on July 30
She was the daughter of Charles, first Lord Lurgai/and
widow of the late Colonel Robert Peel Dawson, M P of
Moyola Park, Castledawson, Lord Lieutenant and Custos
Rotulorum of Londonderry. She leaves one daughter Mav
married to Lord Spencer Churchill Chichester. *’
Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Smith, late 37th Regiment »t
Forest-hill, S.E., on Aug. 2, aged seventy-eight. H e ^
with his regiment at the siege of Sebastopol, receiving for his
services a medal with clasp and the Turkish medal, and at the
siege and capture of Lucknow, for which he received a medal
with clasp.
Mr. Octavius Morgan, uncle of the present Loid Tredegar
at his residence in Newport, on Aug. 5. aged eighty-five’
Deceased, who represented Monmouthshire in the Conservative
interest from 1841 to 1874, was a well-known authority on
antiquarian matters, and the author of many works relating
to the history of his native country. *
Mr. Robert Clayton Browne, at his residence, Brownes
Hill, county Carlow, on July 22, having attained his nine¬
tieth year. Mr. Clayton Browne served ns High Sheriff
and was Depnty-Lieutenant of the county. He married in
1834 Hamette Angusta, youngest daughter of Mr. Hans
Hamilton, of Abbotstown, county Dublin, and he is succeeded
by his eldest son, William, bora 1835.
Sir William C. Sargeaunt, K.C.M.G., on July 81, in his
fifty-ninth year. He had been Colonial Secretary in Natal
and for a short time Lieutenant-Governor of St. Vincent and
in 1877 was commissioned by Lord Carnarvon to inquire’ in to
and report on the financial condition of the Transvaal Sir
William, who was made a C.M.G. in 1875 and a K C M G in
1882 married, in 1853, a daughter of the Rev. George Gordon
Rector of Muston, Leicester. ’
Lord Douglas William Cope Gordon, fourth son of Charles
tenth Marqm* of Huntly, at his residence in Green P»rk-
chamhers, Piccadilly, on Aug. 4. He was bom in October
I 8 * 1 : H ® 7“ Wanted Ensign in the Coldstream Guards in
October. 18/1, and became Lieutenant and Captain in is74 but
resigned his commission in May, 1880. Lord Dougins Gordon
was for some years in the House of Commons. He represented
Host Aberdeenshire in the Liberal interest from May. 187G to
Apnl, 1880. and wasM.P. for Huntingdon shire from April J88U
to November, 1885. ’ ’
General Sir James Brind, R.A., G.C.B.. on Aug. 3, after a
short illness, at the age of eighty years. He obtained his first
commission in 1827, and became Captain in 1842. His name
was repeatedly favourahly mentioned in despatches, and he
received the thanks of the Government of India, was made a
C.H.. and received the brevet of Colonel for his distinguished
services. He was promoted to the rank of Major-General in
and General in 1877, and Colonel-Commandant in
November following, and was placed on the retired list in 1879
In further recognition of his military services he was promoted
to be a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1869
and was made a Grand Cross of the Order in 1884.
OBSERVE!
I AM
The Spirit of Health,
and my message is to the Wise.
I crown, with a fadeless wreath,
those who obey my laws and avail
themselves of my counsels. The
flowers that I give do not wither,
and the fragrance of my roses is
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cheek—strength to the body—joy
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BEECHAM’S PILLS,
The World’s Medicine!
A perfect remedy for disorders of the
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If you an in any degree a sufferer, let the
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BEECHAM’S PILLS.
THEY ARE
WORTH A GUINEA A BOX.
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ai ius. oa., os.
FAULKNER’S CELEBRATED DIAMONDS. SPANISH CRYSTALS.
DETECTION - IMPOSSIBLE.
KNOWN all over the ffotip as the T I N EST STONES ever Produced.
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174
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. It, 1888
THE PLAYHOUSES.
It is only necessary to consult the London hoardings in order
to appraise the value of "The Still Alarm.” He who runs
may easily read. A stalwart young man who has smashed a
double-eased window into atoms has flung himself upon the steps
of the communicating-ladder provided as a safeguard for fire
in New York houses, and is descending to the street in search
of his enemy, the villain, in a blinding snowstorm ; the comic
young lady who has graduated in the American music-halls or
variety shows is pouring a kettle of boiling water over the
foot of an inebriate, who lias caught fire in n drunken fit; a
lover of dumb animals is feeding a couple of 1; milk-white
steeds,” worthy of Lord Lovell, with appetising morsels of
white sugar, and alternately caressing a trained greyhound ;
an impetuous dare-devil fireman is driving to the rescue of
an imprisoned family on an American fire-engine at full gallop,
lashing his horses and looking eagerly into the distance. In
other words, “ The Still Alarm ” is the kind of sensation play that
suits the popular theatres down Brooklyn way, and is invariably
popular in London during thedull and holiday seasons. Country
cousins and excursionists and provincial playgoers like nothing
so well as one of these realistic dramas that please the eye and
do not call the brain into requisition. No one knew this’better
than Mr. Boucioauit, who made a pointof producinghis “Streets
of London ” and ” After Dark " and id i/mvt nmne in what once
used to be called the “silly season.” Mr. Arthur's new
American play is a commonplace melodrama with one really
admirable scene that attracts attention by its rraiwmhlablc.
Since “The Flying Scud " at the old Holborn, London has seen
nothing so accurate or complete in the way of imitating on
the stage scenes of actual life. We see the whole detail of a
fireman's working life in New York, his duty, his dormitory,
his harmless recreation, his social sing-song, and all the diffi¬
culties and dangers of his exciting career. Suddenly there is
a call for fire. The wires have been smashed by the villain,
hut the "still alarm” is sounded through a handy telephone.
In less time than it takes to write it, the men are aroused from
their slumbers, they jerk themselves down from one floor to
another, the horses are harnessed, the dog barks an exciting
prelude, the gates fly open, and the engine is off in about a
dozen seconds from the time that the alarm is sounded.
The scene, such as it is, has the strong merit of accuracy
and pictures que force. The start of a fire - engine is
always a stirring moment, and -it is difficult to see
how it could he better done. The art called into question is
not of a very elevated kind, but the scene would appear to he
recisely the kind that suits a modern audience, careless of the
igher duties of the drama and only anxious to be pleased at
all hazards. The rest is bat leather and prunella. A trite,
commonplace story is told with no special point or felicity of
language, and the acting is no better than would be found
in the palmy days of the old Surrey in the Blackfriars-
road. Mr. Lacy distinguishes himself more as a trainer of
dogs and horses than as an actor, and it takes the audience some
time to become accustomed to bis American twang and his arti¬
ficiality. His voice is good, his enunciation distinct, and in scenes
of dramatic movement his quiet style is, no doubt, impressive ;
bat the new-comer can only be considered “ a star,” because the
dogs and horses and fire-engine could not get on very well without
him. Miss Fanny Leslie and Mr. Harry Nicholls, both clever
and vivacious artists, are thrown away on characters that
contain no sparkle of humour or bare suggestion of fun, and
Miss Mary Rorke, who is the heroine, has even a worse part
than Miss Milliard in “The Union Jack.” The best bit of
acting in the whole play comes from Mr. Harry Parker, who
has proved himself to be a very competent and able character-
actor. Time would be wasted in picking holes in such an
obviously made-up drama as “ The Still Alarm.”
It was scarcely worth while to make so much stir about
Mr. Louis Stevenson’s curious little story, “Dr. Jekyll and
Mr. Hyde," so far as any stage version of it was concerned.
Much money appears to have been wasted, many jealousies
aroused, no little bad blood stirred, and plenty of work given
to the lawyers, over a work which from the first was considered
by the experienced to be nndramatic and foreign to the purpose
of the stage. Mr. Richard Mansfield, at the Lyceum, lias given
us a grim and ghastly drama; Mr. Daniel Bandmann, at the
Opera Comique, has excited his audience to immoderate
langhter. People will go, so long as the plays last, to one
theatre in order to shudder, and to the other to chuckle over
this silly travestie of the supernatural. It is Mr. Mansfield's
clever and unquestionably powerful presentation of the hideous
depravity of Hyde's nature that will be a fruitful subject for
discussion ; it will be Mr. Bandmann's astounding picture of
the excellence of Jekyll’s moral nature that will set the pencils
of the caricaturists to work. Neither play can hold the Btage
for a very long period, except as a morbid sensation ; for we
do not believe that modern audiences seek recreation at the
theatre in the contemplation of hideous nightmares and the
wild speculations of the psychologist; nor do they care to laugh
long at the kind of bogey that Mr. Bandmann has put up to
frighten the curious and the lovers of morbid sensations. The
clown of the village, who haunts churchyards dressed in a
white sheet surmounted by a turnip illuminated by a candle,
is never considered a commendable joker, and has been known
to receive the reward of his ill-timed jest in the nearest horse-
pond. Daring the silly season there may he a temporary stir
of excitement caused by the hideous repulsiveness of the stage
Hyde and by the sillier pantomime that surrounds the mouthy
Jekyll j bnt it will all be a nine days’ wonder and probably
forgotten long before the London playgoer is back from bis
holiday and prepared to discuss and enjoy more serious
work.
From hiB own point of view, perhaps, Mr. Mansfield was
right when he elected to make his first reappearance in London
as an actor of note and promise in the play that has caused
so much excitement in America. Mr. Stevenson’s genius is
possibly appraised higher on the other side of the Atlantic than
it is here, and it is the fashion to accept him and his wild
theories as saper-excellent even in a bad play. But in
England our judgment is not so biassed, and we can see that
the subject that reads very well in a book often looks very
badly in a play. At any rate, Mr. Mansfield has been fairly
criticised and well advertised, and when he has done with his
Jekylls and Hydes everyone will be prepared to study him
and his art with attention when he appears—as he will, doubt¬
less, do—in the character of the old Baron in the dramatised
version of Octave Fenillet's “ Roman Parisien ”—the play, by-
the-way, in which he first made his strong success before an
American audience. He is also said to have an entirely new
play, called “Nero,” ready for production, and this will be
seen on the stage lent him, daring the holidays, by his friend
Mr. Irving. It is to be feared that, like so many novelists,
Mr. Louis Stevenson has not the slightest conception of
dramatic effect. If he seriously believes that his views
have been strictly carried out either at the Lyceum or the
Opdra Comique, he can scarcely understand his own clever,
bnt unsatisfactory, story. When read quietly, and without
any stage accessories, it sets the brain and intelligence work¬
ing ; when witness®! on the stage it shocks one with ito
savagery, or makes one laugh with its ludicrous inadequacy
and gratuitous misrepresentation. Mr. Mansfield's improvement
as an actor is very marked. He is a yonng man of blight
intelligence, and he has done what so few experienced actors
could do—created interest in a play that was dead against the
sympathies of his audience at every tarn. There must be a
measure of genius in a man who could excite a Lyceum
audience as Sir. Mansfield managed to do. Mr. Bandmann has
been round the world, bnt he has not returned a better actor
than when he left England for a more congenial climate. Ho
is tho head professor of the old-fashioned, stagey, stilted, and
unnatural school, and whilst ho has been away we have
learned a less tricky method and a truer art.
PANGBOURNE.
Oar Coloured Picture Supplement is a view of one of tho
beautiful river scenes that delight hundreds of summer visitors
on the Thames above Reading, though less frequented or less
celebrated than the part between Maidenhead and Great
Marlow, with the noble hanging woods of Cliefden. Tho
qniet little Berkshire village of Pangbourne, named from a
“bonrnc" or stream, the "Pang,” which there loses itself in
the river, nine miles beyond Reading by the Great Western
Railway, is a favourite resort of anglers, boating-men, ami
artists. In front of the Old Swan Inn—a rustic tavern where
one is sure of a cheerful welcome and a wholesome luncheon,
and where Mr. Ashley lets out trim boats, with the most
obliging and intelligent of young boatmen, if required, to
manage them—lies a piece of water that one might study for
long hours with unfailing interest and pleasure. The weir,
running obliquely across the river, with a series of
powerful cascades, and with a lock having a fall of
4 ft. on the Oxfordshire side, commands a wide and
deep pool, continually agitated, the surface of which
reflects the endlessly varied movements of glancing light,
in some places tinged with green by the foliage of willows and
ash-trees overhanging the river. There are, suspended on the
walls of a snug little room at the Swan, two or three small
oil-paintings and other sketches, proving that artists who have
enjoyed its hospitality found it a worthy occasion to depict,
as our own Artist has done, the characteristic beauty of tiic
Upper Thames. Similar evidence of the visits of well-known
members of the artistic brotherhood, with certain graphic
drolleries, will be found at the Elephant, an hotel in the
village, nearly half a mile from the river, which affordspretty
good accommodation for the night, with most civil attention,
being now kept by the former landlord of the French Horn at
Sonning. It has a pleasant garden, adjacent to the village
church ; and bachelor guests null find excellent sleeping-
quarters, with good beds, in the zinc huts lately erected on the
airy bowling-green. The field-paths near Pangbourne are
inviting for a qniet stroll, where the expanse of meadow is
bounded to the eye by a winding range of finely wooded
hills, really on the other side of the Thames, which from this
S »int is not seen. The old church, with its monuments of the
arises of Bere Court, an Elizabethan knightly family, is of
some antiquarian interest. There is nothing of Cockney
townish or suburban smartness about Pangbourne ; long may
it be so 1 A narrow wooden bridge over the Thames leads to
the village of Whitchurch, in Oxfordshire.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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178
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 18, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK,
BY JAMES PAYN.
Mr. Grant Allen has nad the audacity to state in the Fort¬
nightly Jtrrirw that there is no such thing as a born genius.
This has. of course, brought down npon him from persons
who arc neither born geniuses nor made ones, the observation
that Mr. Grant Allen is not in a position to decide that question,
lie has no doubt said not only a very bold thing, but one con*
trary to established opinion. It would have been safer to assert
that the man of genius is not always up to hisown high-water
mark, and is often surpassed by the man of talent, who takes
more pains. It is a carious mistake of the critics to conceive
of a writer of the former class as always belonging to it.
They talk of “ Scott's works" as though “Count Robert of
Paris " was on the same level with “ Rob Roy.” In the case
of poets. I venture to think that Mr. Grant Allen (who,
nevertheless, is a man who knows what he is talking about,
which is not the case with everybody) is wrong; the “ Tears,
idle tears,” of Tennyson, for example, could never have been
written by a man of mere talent, or by one even who had only
“ the capacity for taking infinite pains ” ; but as regards prose
writers I am inclined to agree with him that the distinction
is somewhat fanciful. At all events, one cannot withhold
one's admiration from a man of letters who in these days has
the courage of his opinions : the point he insists npon has, it
is true, been always ruled against him, but not by a Court
from which there is no appeal.
Such analogy as can be drawn from the gifts of the dog-
world seems to militate against Mr. Grant Allen's theory.
The instinct of some dogs not only in degree, bnt in kind, is so
infinitely greater than that of others—acknowledged to be
“ clever dogs ” too—as to almost suggest a parallel superiority
to that of genius over talent. It is noticeable that good
sporting dogs rarely do tricks, just as a young gentleman who
distinguishes himself in orthodox fashion at the public school,
or the university, seldom “ leaves the metals," or makes a
groove for himself. It is not the high-born King Charles’
spaniel, with all the advantages of aristocratic surroundings,
that delights you with his intelligence and high spirits, but
the half-breed from whom one expects nothing. The collie is
a dog of great sagacity, and very distinguished in his pro¬
fession, but for great (if somewhat eccentric) intelligence, wo
must go to the French poodle. He has also some of the draw¬
backs that are too often found in connection with genius : he
is not a domestic dog (in the moral sense) and has a temper
that is charitably called “ uncertain," but which can, in fact,
be relied upon as an exceedingly bad one.
The Continental Powers have, of late, been trying various
breeds of dogs for military purposes : to “ relieve sentinels
not quite in the ordinary way, however, but to keep what at
sea are called “ dog watches”—to search for the wounded, ka.
'1 his novel branch of canine industry has caused several French
naturalists to give their attention to the dog. The Russians,
M.Jupin tells us, prefer the Caucasian breed for army use;
the Austrians, the Dalmatian ; and the German, the Pome¬
ranian wolf-dog ; but the preference in France is given to tho
smugglers' d.ogs, of whatever breed, in the frontier towns,
because (I am sorry to say) of their immoral, or at all events
illegal, antecedents, which give them habits of duplicity.
They are quite capable of pretending to belong to the dog-
contingent of the enemy, and will probably be shot ns spies.
M. Robert n.nrrates some unpleasant stories about that “ friend
of man," the Newfoundland. He not only corroborates tho
view of his drowning more people than he saves, but adds that
he is vindictive. He tells how Alphonse Karr was almost
eaten up by one which he had, too, immortalised in fiction ;
and how another gentleman had his left eye torn out by a
Newfoundland which be had awakened rather suddenly by
dropping his newspaper on him. In this case the animal, how¬
ever, is excused on the ground of being “ highly nervous,
which was also, I should think, the case with his master ever
afterwards in respect to Newfoundlands.
The country that is credited with the invention of gun¬
powder (which it has never known how to use) and of printing
(which no one can read) has ideas of the same intelligent class
respecting the human form divine. It applies torturo with¬
out stint, and delights in the spectacle, bnt it is very solicitous
about keeping the limbs intact ; decapitation is thought
seriously of, not on account of its putting folk to death
(which is a trifle to a Chinaman), but because of its muti¬
lating the body. “Amputation is vexation” is the motto
even of its mathematicians; and when an operation is per¬
formed upon a native of the Flowery Land he literally “keeps
the piece,” or, if possible, even devours it, under the impression
that he has thereby restored it to its rightful owner. The
y„rtli China Ilfrahl cites a case of a Chinese gentleman who
lost his eye, and disposed of it in this manner, though it conld
be of no more use to him than “the Pope's eye” in a leg of
mutton. When their teeth fall out, the Chinese grind
them to powder and swallow them in water. They may be
“ 'flic Nation of the Future ” for all I know, as they have
long been the most bepnffed people of the Past; but, judging
of them by their “tricks and their manners,” they are cer¬
tainly, for the Present, the most idiotic race under the sun.
T here is one lesson, however, that the disciples of Confucius
are in a position to teach ns. and which it would be well for
us to lay to heart—that it is quite possible to educate a nation,
as well as an individual, beyond its wits.
A good instinct should always l.r. indulged, because it may
never occur again, bat we should bo quite sure of its being
good. An Anarchist of ltheims (a professional description
that somehow reminds ouc of those in Mr. Lears “Book of
Nonsense ") was Hiddenly seized the other day withadesiro
(as Thomas Ingoldsby pleasantly expresses it) “ to pink a
bourgeois.” He had not a small-sword by him, which ought to
have given him an opportunity for reflection, bnt, rather than
let the aspiration fade away, he loaded his revolver. Tho
Anarchist has an advantage over the sportsman in not having
to go into the country to find his game ; what, according to
his own account, this gentleman was in search of was “a
young, plump, and overfed citizen,” and this is to be found in
every street. The first bourgeois he “ flushed" was in somo
respects attractive; he was a Magistrate, in comfortable cir¬
cumstances, bat he was aged, and did not, perhaps, satisfy the
conditions of “ plumpness.” “ I drew back,” said the Anarchist,
with dignity, “ on finding myself face to face with bo vener¬
able a mar.” His forbearance was presently rewarded by
meeting with a prosperons yonng wine-merchant, at whom he
fired a couple of shots, bnt in his excitement missed him.
For this venial offence, from which, too, no harm resulted to
anybody, this unhappy victim of impulse has been sentenced
by a bourgeois Judge, without a trace of hnmonr, to twelve
years of penal servitude.
A cb&teau in Spain may not be very valuable, but a prison
in that country appears to possess quite unequalled advan¬
tages. A governor of a jail in Madrid (assisted by no less
than fourteen subordinates) has been pushing philanthropy
(though not, it is conjectured, without a mixture of other
motives) almost beyond its limits in permitting prisoners in
confinement for theft to go out o’ nights on parole. They
returned to their cells with honourable punctuality, bnt the
chaplain seems to have neglected his duties, for in the
meantime they pursued their professional vocations. One
of them, while on leave of absence, murdered his .mother,
and divided her property with a servant-maid to whom
he was tenderly attached. Never had criminal, apparently,
so good an alibi; how rmild he have been guilty of
even an indiscretion outside the walls of his prison cell f
But, somehow or other (to use a Spanish idiom), “ the gaff
was blown.” It is possible that one of the “ fourteen officials,”
feeling that he was doing wrong (or that he was underpaid
for it) “ rounded ” on the Governor, who is now himself in
prison. The whole affair has a charming local colonring, and
might very well form a new chapter in “ Gil Bias.”
Even in civilised countries, tho language of courtesy in the
month of Kings is, from a humorous point of view, exceedingly
charming. They are “ graciously pleased to accept" what, as
a matter of fact, they are uncommonly glad to get, snch as a
present or a subsidy, and “ deign ” to do things which to tho
vulgar eye seem rather to involve an obligation than to leave
it on the other side. But in the East this Imperial (and
imperious) style is much more worthy of admiration. When a
Monarch flies in the face of Nature, so far as to bestow some¬
thing on his people instead of exacting it for himself, words
absolutely fail him to express his sense of his own magnanimity.
The last proclamation of the Shah of Persia, whatever may be
its faults^ has certainly no mock modesty aboutit. After stating
that the Creator has “ made his [the Shah's] holy person the
source of justice and benevolence,” he has decreed “in sign of
the watchfulness, tempered with justice, of his Sovereign
mind,” that in future “all his subjects may exercise the tight
of proprietorship orer their own helongingn." The style of this
announcement is unapproachable; but the principle of it reminds
one of the cry of the fruit-sellers of Constantinople—“ In tho
name of the Prophet, figs ”
Whatever is is right, and I suppose even teeth arc no exception ;
bnt there are certainly occasions when one is tempted to envy
the gentleman described in the ancient Classics who was born
with “ two semicircles of ivory above the jawbone, without any
separation or division in them whatsoever.” Whatever ached in
that connection it was not his teeth ; he knew nothing of the
things that have been justly described as “ a trouble in coming,
a trouble when they have come, and a trouble in going." It
has even been reckoned among the few advantages of extreme
old age, that we have then done with oar teeth and go to tho
rhinoceros (or whatever it is) for a fresh supply of quiet ivories
warranted not to “jump” or “plunge,” and to last for our
little “ever.” But now it seems even this poor blessing is
fraught with danger. Within a very few weeks there have
been two cases, and there was last week a third, of a
gentleman's false teeth being very literally the death of him,
through his swallowing them while asleep, and probably, in
tho “ivory gate” of dreams. There seems to be something
almost demoniacal in the trouble these things give ns. There
is a Rabbinical legend that our first parents, before the Fall,
were made of a smooth hard transparent substance, and that
flesh and blood was substituted for it, for their sin, except in
the places where we still see it— videlicet, the finger nails.
Filbert nails, vulgarly supposed to be a mark of good breeding,
ore thus in reality a proof of a more than usually spiritual
natnre. For my part, however, I don't believe a word of it.
The novelists have been having (for them, poor sonls!)
quite a good time lately. It has been discovered by the play¬
wrights who steal their plots that the theft is not very
saccessfnl, since they have been forbidden to steal their
dialogue. Though, it is true, only by an indirect action of tbo
law, writers of fiction are placed on the same footing as
the modern Persians, who, as we have just read, have actually
been allowed the privilege of possessing their own property.
They have also been patted on the back by a Bishop. This is
rare indeed, for hitherto they have received at the hands of
the Chnrch, like the monkeys that are attached to hardy-
gurdies, “ more kicks than halfpence.” As a rule, there is
nothing ecclesiastics re rent so mnch as the discourses of tho
lay preacher ; and tho novelists, though they speak to the
million, and, moreover, to an audience who can scarcely be got
to listen to anybody else, have been hitherto held lower than
tho “ uncovenanted ” divines of the street corner. The Bishop
of Ripon has taken a jnster view of their position and influ¬
ence, and held ont the olive branch, instead of the birch, to
his literary brother. If his Lordship had only mentioned
names, what an advertisement it would have been for some¬
body 1 The dream of the popular novelist (though he never
breathes it to anybody, because he wishes people to think he
has no more realms to conquer) is to tap a new public.
“ ROTTEN YESTERDAYS.”
Writing to one of his daughters, Emerson said “ Finish
every day and be done with it. For manners and wise living
it is a vice to remember. This day for all that is good and
fair.. It is too dear, with its hopes and invitations, to waste a
moment on the ‘ rotten yesterdays.’ ” There is mnch wisdom
in this advice. A girl dreaming idly of the past when the
day's work calls for action is not in a healthy state of mind ;
her regrets are often morbid, and to indulge in them is ener¬
vating. Young people, it is well known, are more prone to
melancholy than men and women who have been long engaged
in practical affairs. They nre more intensely conscious of
existence than their parents, and far more susceptible to
emotion. They are apt to brood over the little span of their
past lives, and to see even in slight errors a cause for
despondency. The habit is insidious in the leisurely days
of youth, and though less common later on in life, it
is, unfortunately, by no means rare in these care-
breeding days. Don’t we all know people who fret
themselves over spilt milk and small worries?—who dwell
on every trifling mistake they make and wonder why they
did not act differently ? Why did I do this ?—Why didn't I do
that?—How conld I have acted so like a fool ?—these are the
questions some people ask themselves again and again, and ask
in vain. Life has hardens enough to bear without adding to
their weight by mourning over the blunders of the past. It
would be scarcely less reasonable to fret over the blunders of
onr ancestors. Regrets at small follies are altogether idle, and
it may be truly said, in the words of Emerson, that it is a vice
to remember them. And his advice to his daughter may be
given also to people who, from slight fault of their own, have
to some extent missed their way in life. The fact that a man
failed to gain some desirable object ten years ago, even if that
object were a wife or a seat in Parliament, is hardly a sufficient
reason for making himself miserable to-day ; if a girl was a
little wayward with her lover, and lost him in consequence,
it is n pity; bnt why spoil her yonng life by brooding over the
fault ? In such cases all energy and hopefulness are destroyed
by going back to the rotten yesterdays. Everybody loses some
chance; everybody, from Prime Ministers downward, makes
blunders. The world, according to Carlyle, consists chiefly
of fools. It may be hoped that this was one of the wild
utterances in which be indulged so freely; bnt no donbt
the wisest man is liable to act foolishly ; and to allow the
mistakes of the past to distress and hamper ns to-day is the
greatest folly of all.
Let ns be grateful, then, for Emerson’s sane and wholesome
counsel, for it is of large application and of practical service.
At the same time it is obvions that another view may be taken
of our yesterdays, and that it cannot be just in all cases to say
it is a vice to remember what we are often unable to forget.
“ It is impossible,” a moralist may exclaim, “ to get rid of onr
faults and follies in the easy fashion suggested by Emerson.
The thoughts and aims of days long past are the forces that
mould onr present lives ; how then is it possible to forget
them ? The ghosts of old sorrows and of aspirations unful¬
filled cannot be wholly laid. The road we have travelled is
not obliterated by time. We cannot help seeing much of the
track still; and if a part of it lay beside green pastures and
still waters, through woods gladdened by the song of birds,
and over hills bright with sunshine and fragrant with heather,
another and, perhaps, a longer part of the journey was through
deserts and quagmires and across jagged rocks, over which we
stumbled with bleeding feet.”
The moralist is right.. We cannot, if we would, forget onr
yesterdays, and we might almost say that every word spoken
is an echo from the past. If our days have been spent nnwisely
they leave a soar behind, and vainly will the wrongdoer strive
to escape from the pains of memory—from the sorrow of lost
yesterdays. It is a sorrow, however, that has its uses. The
recollection of falls and failures makes a man sympathetic and
generous, and it is often through the direst error that ho
reaches a higher life.
There are people sometimes to be met with so joyously
happy, so brilliant, and so prosperous, that poor mortals who
live in the valley and cannot reach such heights are apt to
feel they have little in common with them. Snch people are,
to quote Wordsworth’s felicitous phrase, “men of cheerful
yesterdays and confident to-morrows.” Looking back they
recall nothing but successes, and looking forward anticipate
only fresh triumphs. Often, indeed, the appearance of supreme
good fortune is an illusion, and men in the fall sunshine of
fame and wealth shiver at the memory of the past. “ I have
ever been esteemed.” said Goethe, “ one of Fortune’s chiefest
favourites, nor can I complain of the course my life has taken.
Yet, truly, there has been nothing but toil and care. In my
seventy-fifth year, I may 6ay that I have never hod four weeks of
genuine pleasure.” You see that when the great poet spoke in
this melancholy strain he was thinking, ond could not help
thinking of his “ rotten yesterdays."
O wad some power the glftlo glc u»
. To seo onrscl’s as others see us
was a wish of Burns’ which few men would like folly to
satisfy. To some extent, and, perhaps, quite sufficiently, we
have this power, sinee, by the help of onr yesterdays, we do
occasionally see, with a vividness as dazzling and terrible as
forked lightning in the tropics, what we now are. M as it a
vision like this that made Macbeth exclaim, in the supreme
moment of his fate—
To-morrow, anil to-morrow, and to-morrow,
Creeps tn this potty poco from day to day,
To the last syllable of recorded time;
And all onr yesterdays have lighted fools
Tho way to dusty death.
And now, to descend from tragedy to common life, it is time
to draw our little moral from Emerson’s text. It has, at least,
the merit of brevity. By all means let ns remember onr yester¬
days, if the recollection gives ns strength, sympathy, and
wisdom for daily action; but in the name of all that maxes
life worth living, let ns take the American philosophers
advice, and account them “ rotten ’’ if they awaken only va
regrets which lead to no more result than the activity oi a
sqairrelin a cage. __ J. v.
The process of levelling and preparing the P 1 * 6 0 * ,
rand situate at the western side of the Royal Co ° r . ,
stioe, which it is intended to convert into an ° rnnm ® n ,
rden, has been begun, and it is anticipated that the worK
11 be completed in abont five or six weeks time, the
jessary for carrying out the alterations are being loom J
itleman who is desirous that his name shall not be mau»
ADO. 1*, 1888
179
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THU NAVAL MANOEUVRES.
The sudden nnd startling termination of Admiral Baird's and
Admiral Row ley's endeavours, with the two divisions of the " A
Squadron," at the' entrance to llantry Bay and Lough Swilly,
respectively, to blockade the ‘‘B Squadron," commanded by
Admiral Sir George Tryon, in Bantry Bay, nnd Admiral Fi tzroy,
on the north coast of Ireland, was related last week. The *• B
Squadron," representing a naval enemy in the Irish harbours,
eluded the blockade in both instances simultaneously on the
ni „ht of Saturday, Ang. 4, and Bhips of the northern division
passed all round the coasts of Scotland, making feigned attacks
onOban, Greenock, Aberdeen, and the Firth of Forth, on the
Sundav and Monday. After proving that the shores of North
Britain lay at Admiral Fitzroy's mercy, while Admiral Tryon
captured the Achillea, the Inconstant, and another vessel of the
A Squadron,” and bombarded the North Fort of the Mersey,
and the port of Holyhead, the hostile fleet reassembled in Lough
Swilly on Snnday, Aug. 12. The Etruria, one of the finest
Canard steam-ships, was also oaptnred near Queenstown, on her
way to Liverpool. In the meantime. Admiral Baird retired
from the coast of Ireland, returned up the British Channel, was
rejoined bv Admiral Rowley in the Downs, and formed our
defence on"Saturday, Aug. 11. at the approach to the Thames.
Our two Special Artists. Mr. \V. H. Overend with the *• A
Squadron," on board H.M.S. Northumberland, Admiral Baird's
flag-ship.and Mr. J. R. Wells, on board H.M.S. Hercules, of the
“B Squadron," the flag-ship of Admiral Tryon, had sufficient
employment on the south-west coast of Ireland while the latter
squadron was lying at Berehaven, its fortified anchorage in
Bantry Bay. The Sketches of the former, in addition to those
already published, include a scene in Dunmanns Bay, where
the Northumberland lay to take in fresh provisions from the
" bum-boats " of the Irish people alongshore; a View looking
out through a port-hole, with H.M.S. Conqueror going forward
to bear a Hag of truce for a parley with the enemy ; a party of
gentlemen, after dinner on board, onjoying an hour of repose
with cigars and a rubber of whist; and the place on the half¬
deck where cots were slung for the sleeping accommodation of
such guests as the newspaper correspondentsnnd artists of illus¬
trated journals. Another Sketch is that of a reconnaissance in
force, executed by the Northumberland, Ben bow. Northampton.
Hotspur. Archer, and Rattlesnake, in front of the enemy’s
secure position at Berehaven. The squadron of Admiral Tryon
lay in the narrow strait, behind Bear Island, under the north
shore of Bantry Bay; there were booms and submarine mines
closing both the western and the eastern entrance to this strait,
and the gently-rising ground of the island protected the
squadron from direct fire, as is shown in onr Illustration. 1 he
Rattlesnake was sent to the eastern entrance, near the boom at
that end of the strait, in order to look in behind the island,
and to spy the enemy's position, and make signals to Admiral
Baird's flag-ship. The enemy’s ships, of course, opened fire on
the Rattlesnake, and the smoke of their guns is seen rising
above the island. The lighthouse of Roan Carrig, marking the
channel to enter the strait, is just opposite the position of
H.M.S. Archer. Another Illustration represents the attack by
boats’ crews on the coast-guard station of Crookhavei), which
was mentioned in a preceding account. Our Special Artist
with the " BSquadron ”contributes a View of the boom which
formed part of the fortifications of its harbour at Berehaven.
and an Illustration of H.M.S. Rupert there defending the
eastern entrance, supported by the Hercules, Warspite, and
Hero, which could not be dislodged from their position by any
direct attack. Another Sketch is that of Admiral Tryon'*
flag-ship, H.M.S. Hercules, forcing the blockade at night.
The more successful active performances of the supposed
enemy in the Irish Sea, after breaking the blockade, now seem
to be of greater interest. Sir George Tryon, with the Ilerenle*
and fonr other ironclads, on Thursday, Ang. 9. having passed
round the north of Ireland, easily captured the feeble nnd
obsolete “ North Fort" on the Lancashire side of the entrance
to the Mersey—we lately gave an Illustration of that fort,
which is utterly useless—went up the harbour, threatened to
bombard Liverpool and Birkenhead, and to destroy all the
shipping in the docks and the river, but graciously accepted a
ransom of one million sterling, with a merry pledge that the
Mayor of Liverpool should dine on board the Admiral's ship,
whenever invited, on all futnro oocnsions. If he had been a
real foreign foe in the Mersey, he would have had. owing to
the tide on the bar, several hours to spare for the execution of
his dreadful threat.
Our Artist furnishes an Illustration of H.M.S. Invincible
and H.M.S. Hercules engaging the North Fort of the Mersey.
1. Ttnni-onnts with provisions alongside tins ship In rnmmnnns Bay. 8. Where the g|ieci:il rorrrepnmlints sleep.
8. View out of a port-liole: H.M.S. Conqueror going 111 with (lag of tmre. 4. A Smoke and a Itnhher afier Dinner.
THE NAVAL MANfEUVRES: SKETCHES ON BOARD H.M.S. NORTHUMBERLAND, BV OCR SPECIAL ARTIST. MR. W. II. OVEREND.
THE SILENT MEMRER.
Oh. what a relief! Parliament is up. The Prime Minister’s
Mansioa-Houso speech gave general satisfaction by showing
we are on cordial terms with all the Great Powers. Soon, for
the Marquis of Salisbury and Mr. William Henry Smith, all
recollections of wordy Westminster will bo banished by
htxnriona lounging at Royat-Ics-Bains an.l Aix-les-Bains.
Meanwhile, it is to bo hoped Lord Salisbury's temporary
retention in town will have been sweetened by contact with
the Sugar Bounties' Conference.
The salient features of the Session may lie briefly snmnr
o' i> nnoma| y t * le Commons bids fair to last as long
ton Parliament. Buttresses of the Government, the Marqti
i.™ . lnRton ' ® Ir ' Chamberlain, and Sir Hen
'’j™,; 8 ! ,avu jet continued to sit in the gangway coni
Li . ,ro, ! t Opposition bench: tic trio of Liberal Unioni
eauirs haviag often, however, found it most difficult to mai
5 places ’ so squeezed have they been bv the pr
hen i. r ‘Vo of Gladstonian Home Rulers on the san
an Id. f, 5lca discomfort has been borne by Lord Hartingte
them col !™Eues with philosophic smiles ; and lias not cuius
, a „“ , dmunish by one atom the thoroughness of the
support to Ministers opposite them.
theres.r e “? Cct *?. I’ e, ' s0nal reputations in the Common
hr • "«te. When Lord Ilaudolp
the ernlJ nf‘“desmted from bis favourite pastime of curlin
•eat behind »il 8 ™ 0U8tache - unil has risen from his corm
cast his ■bintd'n ? r,a t ur ^ Ireneb. it has been generally I
““O'* "howto h i! 8 ***, cnllea 8»<‘ 8 = but the noble Lor
them hiii an tov."”L Cr8 he cm ‘ d> and would on occasion, smil
the lri.1 „„ J« eh B <*°unt of their changes of front o
question. I should not be surprised to see Lor
Randolph Churchill back in office ere long. He is too
powerful a debater to be left long out in the cold ; and ho has
a readiness and sense of humour that are invaluable in the
House. Mr. Arthur Balfour has developed into a very smart
debater; and has with snblitne serenity met the vitriolic
altaeks of the Parnellite members ; lint with regard to the
right lion, gentleman's administration of Irish alfaivs, in view
of a recent inquest it may be suggested that lie should mitignlo
the severity with which the Crimes Act is being enforced ill
Ireland on Nationalist members. The Right Hon. Charles T.
Ritchie. President of the Local Government Board, has richly
merited the warm praise Lord Salisbury bestowed upon him at
the Mansion House. Mr. Ritchie lias greatly improved his
Parliamentary position by the masterly and statesmanlike
manner in which he introduced that complicated measure, the
County Councils Bill for England and Wales, and by the
patient and considerate way in which lie carried it through
Committee, dropping those clauses which were not generally
acceptable, hut preserving the essential backbone, and adding
to the statute-book an Act which will he of immeasurable
advantage to the country nnd to Imperial Parliament. Whilst
the Earl of Rosebery, Lord Hcrscheli. and the Earl of Dun-
raven have distinguished themselves in the Lords: the Prime
Minister may be congratulated upon the conspicuous ability
displayed by his junior colleagues, the Earl of Onslow and
Lord Balfour of Burleigh, who deserved the gracious com¬
pliments of Earl Granville for his tact in conducting the Local
Government Bill through the Upper House.
Tho Tenth of August was memorable for the important
debate in the House of Lords ou the Parnell Commission
Bill. This momentous measure for entrusting to three of her
Majesty’s Judges a State inquiry into tho grave charges
hronght in the Timm newspaper against the Irish Home Rule
leader and his chief colleagues was recommended in a careful
speech liy the Marquis of Salisbury. The Premier was answered
by Lord Herschell in a speech of remarkable cogency and
force—one of the most eloquent and impressive the House has
heard for some time. The noble and learned Lord, with all his
acumen and lucidity of expression, repeater! the objections Mr.
Parnell had raised against the mode in which the Bill had
been manipulated by tlic Government. Of course, the Bill
passed. Bnt the surprises in connection with the subject did
not end there. On Saturday, the Eleventh of August, Mr.
Parnell instituted proceedings against certain newsagents in
Edinburgh for circulating the alleged 7/ rlir*' libels against
him. Damages are laid at £ ."iii.iMiil, it is said. Moreover,
actions for libels against the Tiuux have also been commenced
by Mr. T. P. O'Connor, M.P., and Mr. ,T. E. Redmqnd, M.P.
Public opinion roles that it is time these terrible accusations
of conuivanco at murder were made good or disproved.
The scandal of bringing forward the Indian Budget so Into
in the Session as the Ninth of Augnst was reasonably censured
by Air. Bradlaugh, who is securing quite a good position in
the Hnnse now the prejudice against him is wearing off. It is
to he hoped Sir John Gorst will make his financial statement
early another year. The Under-Secretary for India had to
ndmit a deficit in the past, and was not hopeful as to tho
future of Indian finances. But it is manifestly unsatisfactory
that the consideration of so weighty a matter should he left,
till August, when the minds of hon. members are fuller if
grouse than of rupees.
The happy day of release for the Speaker and Mr. Courtney,
and the faithful members who clung to duty to the last, came
on Monday, the Thirteenth of August. There was a parting
flicker of loquacity. Then Mr. Peel shook hands with the
hon. members who filed past him, and departed with glad
alacrity. Lords and Commons have not to moot again till
Tuesday, the Sixth of November, for the Antnmn Session.
THE ILtUSTHATKb LONDON NEWS, Mo. 18, 1888 -ISO
THE NiVAL MANOEUVRES.— CAPTURE OF LIVERPOOL: H.M.8. INVINCIBLE AND H.M.S. HERCULES ENGAGING THE NORTH FORT AT THE ENTRANCE TO THE MERSEY.
182
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 18, 1888
FOREIGN NEWS.
The Queen of Portugal left Paris on Aug. 11.—There were
disturbances in Paris at the funeral of “ General ” Eudes on
Aug. 8, but they were checked with a stern hand.—As General
Boulanger was. on Aug. 12, driving in St. Jean d'Angcly in an
open carriage, five shots, it is Baid, were fired at him. The
person who fired isM. Perrin,a professor at the l.yccc. General
Boulanger escaped unhurt, but other persons in the crowd
were injured.—A memorial to the brothers Anthony anil
W illiam Galignani was unveiled at Corbeil on Aug. 12, in the
presence of the local authorities and of a throng of people
from the town and neighbourhood.
The Emperor of Germany rose at half-past four on Saturday
morning, Aug. 11, and, donning a field uniform, rode from
barrack to barrack until he had alarmed the w hole garrison of
Potsdam, whence the regiments marched as rapidly ns possible
11 besiege Spandan. The garrison of the latter fortress sent
out troops to meet them, but after a fierce fight, lasting till
about eleven o'clock, the Spandau force was beaten. The
Emperor, after discussing the operations with the Generals
and other high officers, entertained them at luncheon in his
tent, while the troops of both parties cooked and ate their
dinners on the scene of tho sham-fight. The operations were
resumed in the afternoon. The Emperor left Potsdam early
on the 12th, in order to receive the King of Portugal, who arrived
at Berlin soon after half-past seven. On the two Sovereigns
meeting at the railway station they cordially embraced each
other and then proceeded in an open carriage, surrounded
by a guard of honour and loudly cheered by the populace, to
tho Old Palace, at which rooms had been prepared for
the Royal guest. In the afternoon the King of Portugal
went to Potsdam to visit the Empress Frederick, and then to
the Palace of Potsdam, where the Emperor gave in his honour
a dinner of twenty-six covers. This was followed by an
excursion on the Havel lakes, on board the Emperor's steamer
Alexandra, to the Peacock Island, where at seven o’clock
supper was served. There was a review of the Potsdam
garrison on the 13th by the Emperor, in honour of the visit of
the King of Portugal. After the review the Emperor stayed a
short time with the King, and then rode back to the Marble
Palace with his suite, enthusiastically cheered by the crowd.
At three o'clock there was a dinner of about one hundred
covers, in honour of the King, at which all the Royal Princes
now in Berlin or Potsdam and many Generals were present.
On the Hth the Emperor and the King dined with Prince
I.eopolu of Hohenzollern.—Field-Marshal Count Von Moltke
jias, by his desire, been relieved of his post as Chief of the
Staff of the German Army, and has been appointed President
of tho National Defence Commission—a post occupied by the
late Emperor Frederick while Crown Prince—Count Von
Walilersee has been appointed Chief of tho Staff.
. The maritime fete at Antwerp on Aug. 14 equalled in
splendour the Venetian celebrations of olden times. There
was a general illumination, with fireworks, while cannon
boomed from the fort, and the chimes of the cathedral sounded
incessantly. The river was covered with illuminated vessels,
and an allegorical procession took place comprising twenty-
one groups of ships. The moBt noteworthy were the craft
representing the commerce of Antwerp, Chinese and Egyptian
vessels, and a floating-house of Borneo.
The celebration of the Anstrian Emperor's birthday com¬
menced on Aug. 14 with a great popular fete on the Kahlen-
berg. in the environs of Vienna. It was inaugurated by the
firing of fifty artillery salntes ; after which, there was open-air
‘dancing, to the accompaniment of military bands from Vienna.
In the evening, tho Kohlenberg was brilliantly illuminated
with Chinese lanterns, and there was a display of fireworks.
Sir Francis Montefiore was married on Aug. 14. at Baden.
!noar Vienna, to Mdlle. Marianne Von Gutmann, daughter of
.(lu! wealthiest ironmaster in Austria. The elder sister of tho
bride is married to the Due de Fitzjames.
‘ The Qnscn of the Hellenes was safely delivered of a son
on Aug. 10 at the Russian Imperial Castle of Pawlovsk ; and
Princess IValdemar of Denmark was safely delivered of a son
on (lie 13th.
The Oih’tm Gazette reports the discovery of the remains of
'an ancient town on the right bank of the Volga. These
reaiains are traceable over an area about two miles long by
three-quarters of a mile in width. A considerable quantity
pt Arabian, Persian, and Tartar coins has been found there,
besides a multitude of other objects which bear witness to the
cultivated state of the inhabitants.
Among the mins of the ancient Greek town of Chersonese,
near Sebastopol, some workmen came across the workshop of
a Greek sculptor, in which was an oven for baking clay models,
and about fifty terra-cotta figures belonging to the third
century B.C.
Prince Ferdinand, his Ministers, and a number of guests
celebrated by a luncheon in the railway station at Sofia on
Aug. 12, the completion of a railway which enables the nn-
broiten journey to be made between Vienna and Constantinople.
Prince Ferdinand's first anniversary as Ruler of Bulgaria was,
on the 14th, celebrated by a special service in the cathedral at
Sofia, and by festivities which concluded with a banquet in
the evening.
The funeral services over the body of General Sheridan in
St Matthew's Church. Washington, on Aug. 11, were attended
by the President, the Cabinet Ministers, the members of Con¬
gress. and many officers of the Army and Navy. Cardinal-
Gibbons was present at the Requiem Mass. Afterwards, under
a military escort, tho remains were conveyed for interment to
Arlington Cemetery, where the last honours were paid. Tho
President has appointed General Schofield Commander-in-chief
of tho United States Army.—Brooks, alias Maxwell, whose
case has been before the public for a long time, was executed
on Aug. 10 at St. Louis for the mnrdcr of Mr. Preller in I8S5.—
The Catholic Convent of the Sacred Heart in New York, front¬
ing the Hudson River below Riverside Park, was burnt down
on Aug. 11. All the inmates escaped uninjured.
Owing to the bnrstingof a reservoir at Valparaiso, through
heavy rains, nearly a hundred houses have been destroyed, and
several hundred persons are said to have been drowned.
The Legislative Council of Cape Colony has rejected tho
Dill for establishing a South African Customs Union.—From
Zululand an engagement is reported to have taken place
between a British detachment and the rebels near Joama,
twelve of the latter being killed and sixteen wounded.
An Imperial decree has been issued announcing that the
Empress Dowager of China will retire from her shore of the
government in March, when the Emperor will assume sole
responsibility. _
Grouse-shooting began on Monday, Ang. 13. The reports
from the moors show that sport was, on the whole, good, llie
exception being certain districts in Scotland where there had
been heavy rain, and where the birds were weak on tho wing.
On the English and Welsh moors the birds were strong.
Reports ooncnr a* to the abundance of game.
THE COURT.
The Queen is at Osborne, and takes drives daily. Her Majesty
held a Council at Osborne on Ang. 10 for the pnrpose of
arranging State business before the adjournment of Par¬
liament. The Royal dinner-party included the Prince and
Princess of Wales and Princesses Victoria and Mand of Wales,
Prince and Princess Henry of Battenberg. the Hereditary
Grand Duke of Hesse, and her Grand Dncal Highness Princess
Alice of Hesse, the Dowager Lady Wnterpark, Prince de Poix,
and Lord Rowton. The Ladies and Gentlcmen-in-Waiting had
the honour of joining the Royal circle in the drawing-room.
The Marquis of Salisbury. K.G., arrived at Osborne on Ang. 11,
and had an audience of tho Queen. Connt Robilant also
arrived, and was introduced to her Majesty's presence, and
presented his credentials as Ambassador from the King of
Italy. The Queen's dinner-party included Prince and Princess
nenry of Battenberg. the Hereditary Grand Duko and her
Grand Dncal Highness Princess Alice of Hesse, the Italian
Ambassador, tho Dowager Lady Waterpark. the Marquis of
Salisbury, General the Right Hon. Sir Henry Ponsonby,
K.C.B., and Commander the lion. Hednoih Lambton, of her
Majesty's yacht Osborne. On Sunday m nming, Ang. 12, the
Queen and the Royal family and the members of tho Royal
household attended Divine service at Osborne, the Dean of
Windsor officiating. The Prince and Princess of Wales, with
Princ sses Louise, Victoria, and Maud of Wales, visited the
Qneen to take leave. The Marqnis of Salisbury, K.G., and tho
Very Rev. the Dean of Windsor had the honour of dining with
the Queen and the Royal family. Prince and Princess Henry
of Battenberg, the Hereditary Grand Duke and Princess Alice
of Hesse went to Hythc'on Ang. 13, and thence drove
into the New Forest, returning to Osborne in the evening.
Princess Louise (Marchioness of Lome) visited her Majesty
and remained to luncheon. General Viscount Wolseley had
the honour of dining with tho Queen and the Royal family ;
and Lord and Lady Colville of Cnlross were honoured with
invitations. Her Majesty went ont on Ang. 14, accompanied
by Princess Beatrice and Princess Alice of Hesse. The Qnceu
will leave Osborne in a few days for Glasgow.
The Prince and Princes* of Wales received the Italian
Ambassador on Ang. 12, on board the Royal yacht Osborne,
STATUE OF LIEUTENANT WAGHORN,
the l'lviJ rnou or the oveklaxd route to India.
on his appointment to the Court of St. James. The Prince and
Princess, accompanied by Princesses Louise, Victoria, and
Maud, arrived at Marlborough House on the 13th from Cowes.
The King of the Belgians visited the Prince and Princess of
Wales at Marlborough House on his way to Scotland. Oil
Aug. 14 the Prince presented a gold watch and chain to Chief
Inspector Charles Walker, who is retiring from the police
after fifty-one years’ service. He has been engaged at .Marl¬
borough House since the Prince's marriage, and was for fifteen
years previously stationed at Buckingham Palace. The
Princess added her congratulations and good wishes, and both
cordially shook hands with tho retiring officer. Prince
Adolphus of Teck visited the Prince and Princess to take leave
of them previous to his departnre for India, where he joins his
regiment, the 17th (Duke of Cambridge's Own) Lancers. In
the evening the Prince and Princess, accompanied by
Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud, left for Germany.
The Princess lias sent the following letter to the children
of the Victoria Hospital at Chelsea, who contributed to a
Silver Wedding present:—“My dear Little Children,—I am
most deeply touched by your kind thought of giving mo
snch a beautifnl Silver Wedding present, which I shall
always keep and value more than I can express ; and that
God may bless you all. and soon restore you to health and
happiness, is the most sincere wish and prayer of your friend,
Alexandra.” The Princess has consented to become patroness
of the Children's Country Holiday Fund. 10, Buckingham-
street. Strand.—Prince Albert Victor has consented to act as
president of the Great Northern Central Hospital, the new
buildings of which were lately opened by tho Prince and
Princess of Wales.
The Duke of Cambridge arrived at Kissingen on Aug. 11,
and has taken up his residence in the Kurhaus. Hie Royal
Highness will stay for several weeks, in order to take the
waters.
The Duke and Duchess Paul of Mecklenburg-Schwerin loft
England on Aug. 11 for Germany.
Mr. C.S. Parnell, M.P., having served summonses in Scotland
to fonnd jurisdiction, has had the Timr* served with a writ in
an action for libel, in which he claims £.10,000 damages.
The paintings and other works of art selected by the prize-
holders for 1888 of the Art Union of London are now on view
at the new galleries, 122, Strand. There aro forty-eight
pictorial prizes, of which about one-half are oil paintings, the
other water-colour drawings.
THE WAGHORN MONUMENT AT CHATHAM.
A handsome bronze statue of Lieutenant Waghorn, the
opener up of the Overland route to India, has been erected at
Chatham, the place of his birth. The statue stands about
8 ft. in height, and is stated to be an excellent likeness of the
intrepid traveller, whose right hand points towards the East.
Beneath the statue, on the pedestal, is the inscription:
“ Thomas Frederick Waghorn, Lieutenant R.N., pioneer and
founder of the Overland route. Born at Chatham, 1800; died,
Jan. 7. 1850.'’ The statue was unveiled on Friday, Aug. 10,
by Lord Northbrook._
OBITUARY.
THE HON. AND REV. CANON BAILLIE.
The Hon. and Rev. John Baillie, M.A., Canon Residentiary of
York and Incumbent of St. James’s, Cupar, died on Aug. 7.
He was born on Jan. 3, 1810, the younger brother of George,
tenth Earl of Haddington ; was educated at Harrow and at
Trinity College, Cambridge, and, taking holy orders, beoame
Vicar of Lissington, in Lincolnshire. In 1852 he was
appointed Canon of York, and was made a Residentiary in
1854, and in 1879 was appointed Incumbent of St. James's,
Cupar. He married, in 1837, Cecilia Mary, eldest daughter of
tho Rev. Charles Hawkins, and leaves two sons and four
daughters.
SIR W. BURTON.
Sir William Westbrooke Burton, Knt., late Judge of the
Supreme Court at Madras, died at his residence, 54, Chepstow-
villas, Notting-hill, on Aug. 0. He was born in 1794, the son
of the late Mr. Edmund Burton, of Daventry. and served for
some years in the Royal Navy. He became a barrister of the
Inner Temple in 1824, was Recorder of Daventry from 1826 to
to 1827, Judge of the Supreme Court at the Cape of Good Hepe
from 1828 to 1833, at New South Wales from 1833 to 1844, and
at Madras from 1844 to 1857, and was President of the Legis¬
lative Council of New Sonth Wales from 1858 to 1862. Sir
William Burton was twice married—first, in 1827, to Margaret,
daughter of Mr. Levy Smith, which lady died in 1846; and
secondly, in 1849, to Maria Alphonsine, daughter of the late
Mr. John Beatty West, M.P. for Dublin. He received the
honour of knighthood in 1844.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Mr. Thomas Woodward, J.P., of Hopton Court and Stepple
Ilall, Shropshire, on Ang. 4, aged fifty-two.
Mr. Stephen Burridge, of Shirle Hall, Sheffield, in London,
on Aug. in, aged sixty-five.
Lady Murray (Helen), wife of Sir Digby Murray, Bart.,
of Blackbaronv. and daughter of Mr. Gerry Sanger, of Utica,
U.S.A., at 34, Colville-road, W., on Aug. 9.
The Rev. William James Grundy, LL.D., formerly Incum¬
bent of St. James-the-Lcss, Bethnal-green, at Riohmond, on
Aug. 6, aged seventy-six.
Mr. Samuel Theophilns Genn Downing, barrister-at-law, of
Lincoln's Inn, and Deputy Warden of the Stannaries of Devoa
and Cornwall, at Kenegie, Cornwall, on Ang. 8, aged sixty-one.
Miss Margaret Campbell, of Dunmore, Argyllshire, on
Aug. 7, aged seventy-five. She was the daughter of the late
51 r . James Campbell of Dunmore, by Eliza Hope, his wife, fifth
daughter of the Hon. William Baillie, Lord Polkemmet.
Major-General William Agnew, J.P. for the county of
Middlesex, and one of the sitting Magistrates at the Hampstead
Petty Sessions Court, on Aug. 12, from heart disease, at the
age of sixtv-seven years. He served in India for thirty-four
years, and 'for the last eight or ten years of his residence there
was Judicial Commissioner for Assam.
Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Campbell, late of H.M.'s Indian
Armv. sixth son of the late Mr. John Campbell, of Kilberry
and Millard, Argyllshire, at Lausanne, on Ang. 4. aged sixty-
nine. He served throughout the Indian Mutiny Campaign of
1857 (medal), in the Bhootan Campaign of 1864-6* (medal,
with clasp), and in the Afghan War of 1879-SO with tho
Khvber Line Force (medal).
The Rev. Edward Burney, M.A., J.P., Head Master of the
Royal Naval Academy at Gosport, on Aug. 9. He was born in
Hit!, and was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford,
graduating B.A. in 1838 and M.A. in 1841. For some time he
was Curate of Holy Trinity, Gosport, and chaplain to the Duke
of Cambridge. Mr. Burney, who directed the education of
Prince Louis of Battenberg, had for many years been Head
Master of tlie Royal Naval Academy.
The Rev. Henry Bristow Wilson, Vicar of Great Staughton,
Huntingdonshire, on Aug. 10, at Lee, Kent, at the age of
eighty-five after an illness of sixteen years. He was a son
of the Rev. H. B. Wilson, Rector of St. Mary Aldermary,
London, and was educated at Merchant Taylors’ School and
St. John's College, Oxford, of which he became a Fellow and
Tutor. He graduated B.A. with second-class classical honours,
and in the course of about twenty-five years became successively
a select preacher, public examiner, professor of Anglo-Saxon,
and Bampton Lecturer. In 1850 he was preferred by his college
to the Vicarage of Great Staughton. He was the author of
several papers, the most important of which was that on ** The
National Church ’’ in “ Essays and Reviews.” For this, in
1862, he was sentenced by the Judge of the Court of Arches to
he suspended one year from his benefice ; but on appeal to the
I’rivy Council the judgment was reversed. Of the original
seven Essayists the Bishop of London survives at the age of
sixty-six, and Professor Jowett, who is seventy-one.
Tho Board of Trade have awarded a binocular glass to
Captain G. Cocnrnllo, master of the Italian ship Ciampa Emilia,
of Castellamare. in recognition of his kindness and humnnitv
to the shipwrecked crew of the British schooner Wenonah,of
Swansea, which was abandoned at sea on Oct. 14, 1886.
An appeal was made to the public some time ago for aid
for the purchase of tho Victoria Hall as a memorial to the late
Mr. Samuel Morley : and the Duke of Westminster states that
the sum (£17,000) has been raised, and that the purchase will
soon be effected.
The closing match of the Royal Yacht Sqnadren regatta
was sailed on Ang. 10 for squadron prizes amounting to £150,
and open to all yachts of not less than thirty tons belonging
to any recognised yacht club. The May took the first prize,
the Foxglove (the first to save her time among the yawls) the
second, and the Cetonia the third, having beaten Hie Egena.—
The annual general meeting of the members of the Royal
Victoria Yacht Club was held at the Clnb-honse, Rydo. 011
Ang. 13, the Commodore (the Marquis of Exeter) presiding.
The principal events of tho past year, in connection with the
club, were detailed in tho report of the committee. The annual
house-dinner was held in the evening. Next day the regatta
liegan with the match for her Majesty's Cup. Mr. DireheUs
Neptune winning easily.—There was some good racing on
Ang. 13 in connection with the Royal Albert Yacht Club
for the Albert Cup, which was contested over a forty-five
miles course in the Solent, and the Irex eventually woa the
cup, after trying unsuccessfully in six successive years.
AVG. 18, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
183
THE PLAYHOUSES.
THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.
MRS. H. M. BUTLER.
The acceptable appearance of genuine summer weather, better
late than never, has occasioned a general rush out of town.
Yet some few London managers, greatly daring, still keep their
theatres open. Mr. Bandmann's grotesque burlesque of “Dr.
Jekvll and Mr. Hyde ” at the Opera Comique collapsed after a
very few performances, avowedly by reason of the rigour of
the law but in reality, it is fair to presume, because of the
superior attractiveness of the earlier version of Mr. Robert
Louis Stevenson's grim story produced by Mr. Richard
Mansfield at the Lyceum. When Mr. Lionel Brough comes to
make fun of the dual representations of Mr. Mansfield and Mr.
Bandmann in the parody of “ Hide and Seekyl,” by Mr. George
Grossmith, a rich harvest of amusement may be looked for. In
the mean time, Mr. Brough, compelled to quit Toole’s in con¬
sequence of the “ Pepita” rehearsals, transfers the lively farcical
cornedy of“ The Paper Chase ” to the Royal ty, immediately. The
sweetest comedy at present on the metropolitan stage, Mr.
A. S. Pinero’s “ Sweet Lavender,” in which Mr. Edward Terry’s
Dick Phenyl has become a prime favourite, was played at
Terrv's Theatre for the one hundred and fiftieth time on
Aug/ 14. Though the droll comedy Mr. Sydney Grundy
skilfully adapted from the German—“ The Arabian Nights”—
has lost its original “ Gufcta Percha Girl,” merry Mr. W. S.
Penley is retained at the Comedy by Mr. C. H. Hawtrey, and
the diverting piece causes as much mirth as ever.
Mr. Charles Wyndham appeared immensely relieved when,
the marvellously successful run of “ David Garrick ” over at
last, he enjoyed the rare experience of sitting in the stalls
of his own theatre to witness a performance by his admirable
Criterion company of comedians. It was the eve of Aug. 12.
Yet the Criterion was crowded ; and the admirers of Mr. F. C.
Burnand’s overflowing humour, and of this ex¬
cellent dramatist’s unrivalled power of creating
grotesque types of character, were rewarded by a
perfect performance of his exceedingly sprightly
comedy of “ Betsy." There can be no question
that Mr. Bumand’s “ Betsy " is by far the most
outrageously droll and genuinely comic play
now being performed in London. The continual
flow of high spirits, the ingeuuity with which
one natural misunderstanding is made to grow
oat of another, and the touch-and-go lightness
with which the leading actors dash through
their parts, combine to maintain for “ Betsy ”
its pre-eminence as the masterpiece of its kind.
Glance round the house as one facetious situation
succeeds another, and admit that rows of smiling
and laughing faces amply prove the triumph of
the revival. After Mr. Herbert Standing and
Miss Rose Saker had gaily tripped through the
charming costume comedietta of "The Dowager.”
by Charles Mathews. “ Betsy ” was enacted with
nndimmed freshness. The unctuous and fleshy
domestic politician of Mr. "William Blakeley
must hare been an Alexander Birkett such as
Mr. Burnand had in his mind's eye. A look at
this genial comedian's play of feature sufficed
to cause hearty laughter. The same remark
applies to Mr. Alfred Maltby's .Stiggins-like
portrait of Mr. Samuel Dawson : the pliant, red¬
nosed tutor who is made by bis scapegrace
pupils to impart instruction to the tune of "Says
Aaron to Moses," and the accidental visit of
whose separated wife to Mr. Birkett s house
makes confusion worse confounded, though it
fills the pockets of that lucky “friend of the
family," Mr. Samuel Dawson. The piquancy of
Miss Lottie Venue as Betsy, the Hibernian
gallantry of Mr. Herbert Standing as Captain
M 1 Manus, the vivacity of pretty Miss Fanny
Moore as Mrs. M'Manus and Miss Rose Saker as-
Madame Polenta, the amusing gravity of Miss
Fanny Robertson as Mrs. Birkett, the youthful
hilarity of xMr. George Guldens as Richard Tal¬
bot, and the perplexity of Mr. A. Boucieault as
“Dolly” Birkett, with the grace and r/tic of
Miss Ella Terriss and Miss Edith Penrose, all
contributed to the remarkable success of this,
most diverting of comedies. Mr. Burnand's
“ Betsy " is certain of another long and prosper¬
ous run.
Whilst from across the seas comes news of
Melbourne's cordial welcome to those recognised
Gaiety burlesque favourites, Miss Farren and
Mr. Fred Leslie, with Miss Marion Hood,
Mr. George Edwartles is fortunate to find a
good autumn tenant for the Gaiety in that ex¬
ceptionally powerful actress. Miss Sophie Eyre.
Pending the production of Miss Eyre's first
daring novelty, Mr. Rider Haggard’s ‘-.She,”
this accomplished t rag alien nr has successfully
appeared as the Corsican heroine of a fresh
dramatic edition of Mr. Archibald Gunter’s bright novel,
‘'Mr. Barnes of New York,” adapted by Mr. J. Coleman.
This version differs somewhat from Mr. Rutland Barrington's.
The changes made are not for the better, however. The
introduction of the Lady Charteris party into the opening
duel scene hampers the first act of " Marina ;" and
Mr. Coleman's transformation of the English duellist
and Marina's lover into twin-brothers is a decided mistake.
But the dramatic elements of the novel and the play were too
strong to suffer from these alterations. The intensity of Miss
Sophie Eyre's acting as Marina, the native force with which
she pursues the vendetta against the young English officer
who slew her brother in the duel, and the softness of her
clinging love for George Anstruther, with her powerful per¬
formance in the bridal-chamber scene, where the revengeful
Count Dannella meets the death he had designed for the
bridegroom, carried the audience away. Miss Sophie Eyre's
Marina is a creation to be seen. She is well supported by Mr.
Herbert Waring as Mr. Barnes, Mr. Fred Terry as George and
Gerald Anstruther, Mr. E. D. Ward as Count Dannella,
Mr. James East as the blithe and jovial naval officer, Charlie
I hillips ; and by Miss Carlotta Leclercq as Lady Charteris,
Miss Edith Leslie as the tomboy Maude, Miss Lucy Buckstone
Enid Anstruther, and Mr. Julian Cross as the melodramatic
lommaso. “Marina,” compressed judiciously, went better
a week after its production. The drama ivas pre¬
ceded on Aug. 11 by a neatly-written, conventional domestic
comedy in one act, “ Polly’s Venture,” by Mr. Malcolm Watson,
lhe heroine is a smart village milliner, who thaws the heart
or a crusty old squire by making believe she has possession of
certain papers which reflect on his integrity. By this
device she unites a loving pair, the Squire’s son and his
gamekeeper’s niece, and gains the hand and home of
Reuben Gale for herself. Miss C. El worthy made a
^ >ren ,^ CG '» Mr. J. East a manly gamekeeper ; Miss
r*nid Leslie a winsome Chris Hazeldenc. The little piece
7° . play better without the melodramatic musical accom¬
paniment.
In Glasgow University on Ang. 7 the fifty-sixth annual
congress of the British Medical Association commenced, 2000
medical men and surgeons attending. Professor Banks, in
retiring from the presidential chair, said that the membership
had increased during the year from 1100 to 2000, the income
being £28,000 and the expenditure £26,000. There were
forty-five branches in all parts of the empire. Professor
Gairdner, the newly-elected president, referred with regret to
the death of Dr. Fergus. In the course of his address, he said,
their whole experience was directed towards the demonstration
of the enormous evils that had accrued to humanity and to
the medical art from a blind reliance upon the tradition of
the ages, and often upon the traditions wrongly interpreted.
The abuses of blood-letting, of a senseless and obstrnctivo
polypharmacy, and of innumerable so-called remedies, either
inert or positively mischievous, which have had to be cleared
out of the way before medical science and practice could
even begin to be reasonably simple and intelligible, have
been a lesson to all of us as to the “ dead hand of medical
tradition.” Dr. Gairdner, in referring to medical education,
strongly urged the necessity of improved instruction in
physics, quoting to this purpose the opinion of Faraday, who,
in 1862, observed that the most highly educated minds in this
country were often entirely undisciplined in the merest
elements of the knowledge of natural things.
Twelve sections met on the 8th, some of them being
crowded, and others but sparsely attended. In the Pnblic
Medicine Section a resolution was passed that an amended
Public Health Act for Scotland was urgently required, the
provisions to apply to both urban and rural districts.
The majority of the papers read on Aug. 9 were of a purely
technical character, [n the evening there was a conversazione
in Bute Hall.
The business of the sections concluded on Aug. 10, Pro¬
fessor M'Kendrick giving the closing address, on the subject
of “ Physiology.” Several of the leading members of the
Association received the degree of Doctor of Laws. It is
admitted the Association meetings have been remarkably
successful, and professional knowledge has been distinctly
advanced. There was a garden-party in the Botanical Gardens
in the afternoon, and a conversazione in the Exhibition atnight.
Excursions around Glasgow on Aug. 11 formed a pleasant
termination to an important meeting.
EARLY MORNING IN VENICE.
Miss Clara Montalba, an artist often commended for her
pictures of the fair city of the Adriatic, and its waters and
skies, and its barges and gondolas that seem to hover between
those waters and the lucid atmosphere, with picturesque
edifices on shore in the background, has in this instance
rendered the effect of early morning light on such a scene with
much pictorial beauty. It is in the morning and in the evening,
indeed, that Venice is most beautiful, at airy distance—
Rising with her tiara of proud towers,
A ruler of tho waters and their lowers ;
She wn£ a fairy city of the heart.
Of Joy tho sojourn, and of wealth tho mart;
Tho pleasant place of all festivity.
The rovel of the earth, tho masque of Italy;
And monarchs gazed and envied In tho hour
When Venice was a queen, with an unequalled dower.
The Very Rev. tho Dean of St. Asaph, formerly head-master
of Rossall School, has been unanimously elected Principal of
Cheltenham College, in the room of Dr. Kynaston, resigned.
Tho Portraits of the Bishop of Oxford, tho Right Rev. Dr.
Stubbs, and of the late Dean of Chichester, the Very Rev. J. W.
Burgon, are from photographs by Messrs. Russell and Sons, of
17, Baker-street.
Tho marriage of Dr. Henry Montagu Butler, Master of
Trinity College, Cambridge, and Chaplain in Ordinary to the
Queen, till recently Head Master of Harrow School, to Agnata
Frances, third daughter of Sir James Henry Ramsay. Bart.,
of Bamff, Perthshire, was solemnised in St. Margaret’s Church,
Westminster, on August 9. The church was filled by the
wedding party and personal friends from Cambridge and
Harrow. The bridesmaids were the bride's four sisters, Miss
Susan Ramsay, cousin of the bride, Miss Mary Scott Kerr,
Miss Maud Butler, and Miss Stewart. Master Nigel Ramsay,
the bride's brother, who acted as page, was in Highland
costume. Sir James Ramsay gave his daughter away. This
accomplished young lady, whose portrait we are permitted to
publish, has achieved the highest academical distinction
within reach of female students, having been “ Senior Classic ”
in the Classical Tripos of the University of Cambridge last
year. Her father. Sir J. H. Ramsay, who succeeded to the
baronetcy in 1871, was educated at Rugby and at Christ
ChuTch College, Oxford ; was a student of that College, and
held the office of Public Examiner in Law and Modern
History at that University. One of her uncles is Professor
George Gilbert Ramsay, of Glasgow University.
The Portrait is from a photograph by Messrs. Debenbam,
of Brighton. _
FIRE IN THE DE BEERS DIAMOND MINE.
South Africa, rich in mines of diamonds, gold, and copper,
experienced a shocking disaster at Kimberley on July 11, when
one of the shafts of the De Beers Mine was on fire, and
700 workers in it, Europeans and natives, were apparently
doomed to destruction, of whom above 200
perished.
The shares of the De Beers Company (Limi¬
ted) have played an important part in the late
active dealings for diamond stocks in London.
It is not generally understood, however, that
the four known diamond mines of South Africa
are within a radius equal only to the extent
of one of the suburbs of London, and almost
within gun-shot of each other. The celebrated
Kimberley mine is situated due west from the
De Beers Mine about three-quarters of a mile;
while those of Dutoitspan and Bultfontein are
within a short walk. These mines have pro¬
duced somewhat approaching £60.000,000 worth
of diamonds since the year 1870, when they
were discovered. In fact, there is no positivo
record, as so many have been stolen ; but the
estimate given may bo fairly accepted as within
the mark.
When diamonds were first found, what was
known as “dry sorting” was the primitive
method of “ winning ” ; later, the hand rotary
machine was introduced. This resembled the
ordinary mortar-mill, with this difference—that,
instead of rollers, it had arms, with spikes
pivoted from the centre, to disintegrate the
soil; and the diamond, by its greater specific
gravity, would be found among the carbon, the
garnets, the bastard rubies, and green stones,
which carry weight. At that time, in the “ early
days of the Fields,” only surface yellow soil was
sorted and washed. Afterwards, when what
was thought a w bed-rock ” had been struck,
individual claim-holder9 became chary; many
sold out their claims, and are now “ sadder and
wiser men.” This “ bed-rock ” eventually turned
out to be the matrix of the diamond, and is
locally known as “ bine ” ground.
Open working was resorted to, in the Kim¬
berley and De Beers Mines, until heavy reef-
falls blocked the diamondiferous claims. In
the intervening years, new improvements had
been introduced in the machinery, and hand-
power was superseded by steam-power. At first,
I indeed, an engine of ten-horse power was
regarded as a wonder. Other measures were
proposed : one was the system of underground
working, after the fashion of coal-mines in
Lancashire and South Wales. Anxious as the
directors were, both in the Kimberley and the
De Beers Mine, to get at the “ blue ’’ ground,
they accepted this suggestion. But it had un¬
foreseen consequences. Unlike coal, diamond-
iferous ground is treacherous, by the “ soapy
seams” it contains. This is an objection to
the underground system, compared with the
open working on the “ terrace system,” as now
carried out by the Bultfontein Mining Company.
The Central Company, therefore, the owners
of the Kimberley Mine, have determined on
spending nearly £13,000 per month in introducing theprinciplo
of open working ; and the De Beers Mine will have to do tho
same. In our Illustration, overhanging ledges of stone will
be seen, read}’ to slip away by the subsidence of the “ crown ”
of the underground workings. When one chamber is cleared
of “ blue " or diamondiferous earth, the outside reef is allowed
to fall in, and to fill the void space. These remarks are intro¬
ductory to an account of the calamity which has befallen tho
De Beers Mine.
At 6.30 p.m. on July 11, the night “shift” was down the
the mine, and some of the day “ shift ” had yet to come up.
By some means the woodwork of the shaft, which is seen in
onr Engraving, caught fire. There were no means of exit for
the men, not even an ordinary air-shaft. A terrible death
seemed imminent for seventy white men and above six
hundred Kaffirs labouring in the mine. Of these, twenty-
four white men and 160 natives actually lost their lives.
The flames rapidly spread through the various workings.
When the alarm was given a rush was made" for the ladder
ways and the “skep” (pulley car). The flames, however,
mounted too rapidly to allow of an escape by tbe ladders and
“skep.” This started for the surface, but by the burning
through of the wire rope was precipitated with its human freight
into tbe blazing shaft. Many must have been crughed to
death in the rush towards the shaft. The more experienced
of the white men retreated in the other direction through the
levels to the old workings of the Gem Company. The bulk of
the natives followed the white men ; and they remained until
the morning, continually threatened by volumes of smoke
drawn by the air-currents, and uncertain regarding the spread
of the fire.
Finally, it was decided to endeavour to force a way to a
higher level. The horrors of this journey through the length
of the narrow ladder-ways and man-holes, choked with dead,
and stifling with heat and the stench and smoke, are beyond
description. The success of the attempt was mainly due to the
courage and energy of Harry Paul and a few of his com¬
panions. One by one they reached the 330 ft. level, aud thenoe
Till* ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Aro. 18, MS .-184
EARLY MORNING—VENICE.
FR'VK A DRAWING BY MISS CLARA MONTALUA.
made their way to the narrow crack, which iB the only outlet
from this part of the mine to the Burfacc.
The discovery of this outlet—no thanks to the manage¬
ment—was made by a Kaffir. The whites and blacks wandered
for hours hopelessly around the workings, from level to level,
between the 700 ft. level and the 385 ft. level : but this native,
like a cat. could see his way in the dark. By a subsidence of
the “crown” of the mine,an old “sling gear" had fortunately
left an opening ; and the Kaffir boy, there getting a breath of
fresh air. recovered from the stupor occasioned by the smoko
which came from the blaring timbers of the shaft. He looked
up and saw a star; he told his “ brothers " ; they watched till
early morning, wh'm the daylight showed them a way of escape.
This gave a further lease of life to over forty white men and
more than four hundred Kaffirs.
Among those unhappily lost was Mr. Clarence Stewart
Lindsay, of Sunderland, a young engineer of great ability and
merit, who had arrived at Kimberley a month before the
disaster to take on the underground management. He bravely
went down the No. 1 shaft to find out the extent of the fire, on
its first becoming known : the wire-rope, hauling the ascend¬
ing skep. then broke, and it is thought that he was hurled to
the 700 ft. level. The portrait and memoir of Mr. Limlsay
appeared in our last.
Rescue parties were energetically worked to attempt to
save the others still below, under the direction of Mr. Gardner
Williams, general manager. Mr. Armstrong, contractor, lost
bis life liv returning to warn his men at the first outbreak.
Dn July 13 the rescue parties were stopped by the inspector of
the mines, to prevent useless sacrifice of life.
Much sympathy is shown in Kimberley, at Capetown, and
generally in South Africa, for the widows and orphans parents,
mil other relatives of those of onr countrymen who have lost
their lives in ‘'winning" the gems which ore so fashionable an
ornament. The circumstances and cause of this disaster will
neenpv the Commission of Inquiry which is to be held bv
order * of the Cape Colonial Government. Our Engraving is
from one of the photographs supplied hy Mr. B. Harvey,
The mark + Indicates the place of weapo for tho men daring the disastrous flic of July II.
THE HE PEERS DIAMOND MJNB. SOyTlJ AFRICA: OPEN MINE AT 350rr. LEVEL, WUEBB VNDEBGROVKD WORKINGS COMMENCE.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS,
18(5
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. IS, II
ILFRACOMBE.
Tho rocky coast, of North Devon, overlooking the Bristol
Channel nnd facing South Wales, the land of which, at a
distance varying from ten to twenty miles, is clearly seen
from many points on the Devon shore, has its peculiar attrac¬
tions. There-is very little sand or beach ; one sits and strolls
on heights above the waves, for the most part, though, by a
ste.'p and rugged descent, one may reach sequestered coves,
and lotv shelves of smooth hard rock, permitting sport with
the lively billows. The most charming feature of tho country,
seaward, is presented by the grassy “coombeB,” the hollows of
meadow and woodland rapidly declining and opening to the
sea, terminating either in a small cliff, or in a deep ravine,
cut by some babbling stream, which eagerly fights its way
through masses of stone to join the blue waters of the
Channel. Ilfracombe, near tho western extremity of the
great range of hills that extends by Lynton, Minchead, and
the Quantocks, along half the length of Somersetshire, rising
behind those places to the romantic wilderness of Exmoor,
is a good place to start from on a snmmor excursion
through this interesting region. The town, indeed, does not
look over the open sea, rather turning its back and sheltering
itself on the inner slopes of the hills, beneath which, however,
lies a pretty little harbour, with a fine promenade pier, and
with access to tho Capstone, a huge peninsular rook, or
promontory, having a terrace road all round it, where the
marine views and breezes are freely enjoyed. This is the
favourite walk, and, with a fresh westerly 0 r north-westerly
wind, it is worth while to watch the sea battling the rocks
directly below your standing-place. From the summit of the
Capstone, especially at sunset on a fiuo evening, the prospect
of set. land, and sky. glowing in the ruddy splendours of that
hour, is gorgeously beautiful. The height being about 200 ft.,
very extensive views arc here obtained both up and down the
Bristol Channel. Another eminence, called the Lantern Hill,
of a pictures pie conical shape, with an old turret lighthouse
on its top, guards the entrance to the harbour. On the cast
side of the Bay rise the cliffs and great hill of Hills¬
borough, to the height of 440 ft., beyond which the uplands
continue to Exmoor : and readers of “Lorna Doone,” if
they cars to look for her haunts, should resolve not to
be 'deterred by long and toilsome journeys over somo
miles of rather steep moorland. An Exmoor pony to
ride—those clever animals know better than any horseman the
way to get np hill easily by zigzag tracks across the path—is
always to be recommended in preference to any sort of carriage.
The party setting forth on a drag will find it necessary to
spare their team by often getting down and walking, unless
they mean only to drive to Barnstaple, or along the Combo
Martin and Lynmouth road. Bathing at Ilfracombe is
usuallv done in secure coves—one reserved for ladies, and one
for gentlemeu—to which there is a passage by a tunnel cut
through a cliff ; but there is also, in the grounds of the Ilfra¬
combe Hotel, a large swimming-bath, constantly filled from
the 83a. In venturing out to sea from Ilfracombe and else¬
where on this coast, strangers oagbt to attend to the advice of
the old boatmen, and to do nothing rash on their own account.
What with strong currents, which are liable to sudden changes,
with unexpected puffs of wind, that capsize a sailing-boat or a
small yacht in half a minute, and with countless reefs of sharp
rock, like fierce jaws full of teeth, ready to crunch a hapless
vessel that is caught between them, or to imperil the life of a
geo 1 swimmer, in the eddies and deep sucking-holes, this North
Devon Sea is a dangerous playmate.
MUSIC.
CO VENT-GARDEN PROMENADE CONCERTS.
On Aug. 11 C«s already briefly intimated), Covent-Garden
Theatre was re-opened for the usual series of Promenade
Concerts, commencing three weeks after the termination of
Mr. Augustas Harris’s memorable season of the Royal Italian
opera. Mr. W. Freeman Thomas’s seventh annual series of
these concerts bids fair to be one of the most successful of any.
Wo have already drawn attention to the liberality of the
arrangements made by the lessee, and have now to notice the
opening performances. The programme on the first night was
of very ample dimensions and infinite variety. The excellence
of the orchestra, headed by Mr. .T. T. Carrodus. was specially
manifested in Rossini's overture to *• Semiramide," ballet-music
bv Ambroise Thomas, a movement from Mr. Cowen’s graceful
series entitled “ The Language of the Flowers,” Gounod s
•• Saltarello,’’ and other pieces too numerous for specification.
In the march from Gounods “La Reine do Saba,’ in a
selection from Wagner’s " Tannhauser,” and in other instances,
the full effects were enhanced by the association of the band
of the Coldstream Guards.
The orchestra comprises some of our most skilful solo
instrumentalists. Mr. .J. T. Carrodus gave a brilliant rendering
of Ernst's ‘-Otcllo” Fantasia (accompanied by Mr. Carrodus,
jun.), and the programme included a flute solo by Mr. J.
Radcliff, other eminent soloists having been announced for
subsequent evenings.
The vocal performances on the opening night were also
very successful. Mesdames C. Samuel and Antoinette Sterling,
Mr. C. Banka, and Mr. B. Foote, contributed popular pieces,
which were all enthusiastically applauded and mostly encored.
A special feature was Mr. Gwyllym Crowe's new vocal
wait!. "The Rose Queen,” in which Mr. Stedman's well-
trained juvenile choristers were associated with the orchestra,
the solo portions (for the Rose Queen) having been well sung
by Miss A. Grulin. The several movements of this piece are
replete with genial melody, which bids fair to secure for it a
popularity at least equal to that gained by its several pre¬
decessors of the same kind from the Bame hand.
The arrangements in the theatre give greater space for the
promenade portion of the audience, by the removal of the
orchest ra nearer towards tho back of the stage than heretofore,
the surrounding decorations and paintings (in the Swiss style)
being very tasteful and picturesque.
Mr. Gwyllym Crowe maintains his position as a careful and
intelligent conductor : and Mr. F. Lewis Thomas contributes
occasional valuable service as pianoforte accompanist.
A shock of earthquake was felt in Kilsyth, twelve miles
from Glasgow, on the morning of Aug. 4.
The Irish Society of Loudon, headed by Sir Whittaker Ellis,
Bart.. M.P.. the Governor, visited their county Derry estates on
Aug. !>. The society, with the Harbour Commissioners, in¬
spected the navigation works of the river, and afterwards
received several deputations, who solicited grants for various
objects. The society next visited the schools in Beresford-
place, where the pupils and their teachers were in readiness to
receive them. At fonr o'clock Mr. Robert A. Taylor, tho
Chairman of the Town Commissioners, entertained the society,
as well as the clergy, the gentry, and a number of tbo
merchants of the town and neighbourhood, at luncheon in tho
Townhall. Mr. Taylor presided, having on his right Sir
Whittaker Ellis and Sir Hervey Bruce, Bart. ; and on his left
Alderman Alexander and Mr.T. Layton, the Deputy Governor.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Communications for this departi
BGLawm.— Wo have gladly
E
should be addressed to the Chess Editor.
•allod mtr*elvc* of your conrrjtuition*, and atoll be
lYle~Mcdto receive a few more of your compositions equally clever ami ratorening.
t date* f" i Them cant i me* e ml acony of “ FrccIVcst-i." Vour problem admits
OX two solutions in two moves-hy 1. M t” ««* 1. Kt to Kt 3rd, Ac.
J Dixon — No. l is tolerably good, but too easy for publication ; N->. 2 lias a second
solution by 1. B to V Hit. The diagram* just received are under examination.
J I) Howard Taylou (Norwich).—TLo game.* arc very welcome,and shall have
early publicity. , . „
sioxon A spa.— The last version Is a decided improvement. It shall appear
forthwith.
J am voDAi.ia (Trieste).—Your last contribution is not equal in merit to your former
J Buy i»
forgotten.
.-.—Many thanks; the position you refer t
‘ e hope
o find r<
n fur it
... # ___ _ _ _ _ n "Abbott’s Collection" is
” duly noted. *
MAXert hstbk. - See notice in our Iasi Number respecting Problem No.
L J>kmamoks.— The problem shall have immediate attention.
ye I, p._we cannot offer an opinion. We have no space at our disposal for such
r So i.tr
p Pnom. Rtf No. 2
), T Mann ( New York!, 0 Smith Mo
from W M F and W Wright (I’airo)
r. K R El la by, E Holt, ami W Wright
T Ryder, K Bohmlcdt, and •> B
t. H S B (Shooter’H-hill), S Pan
it (Middle
o. »3lo froi
fo. 2311 fr«
; of No. ’y
V ( Sheffield
K Boh
iedi. IVt
of
.. Here ward, K Holt,
12 from A B(Naples',
F. Holt, Petcrhim
•r. anil Rev Leonard Wat
l „ ll „ w , 1 ..... ... ._Ji3 received from JS Von K«>rn*fxki. E Holt,
Sliadforth.lt Wort era (Canterbury), Jupiter Junior. Howard A,C BP,E Phillip*,
K Cii-cUa (Paris), W IIillfrr. E Lacy Alpha, Mrs Kelly. Julia Short. It F N Banks,
so. T Hyde
- HSU.
H «!) («•
^ K ' " VejCe'V!
. iT’merbonV.'f Y» V ‘Roberts’, W URaiileiii,' Thom
Is Derange*, F Anderson. T Cole (Exeter). M -Sharp, .1 Moore (Manchester),
Here ward, J 1) Tucker (Leeds), G T Addison (York), Major Prichard, Dr F St,
E Louden, II H Btook-, and J Bryden._
Solution of Problem No. 2311.
WHITE. BLACK.
1. Kt to K 2ml P tokos Kt
2. Q to K 3rd rch) K moves
3. Kt to Kt 8th. Mate.
If Black plav I. B takes Kt, then S. Q B 4th (eh); if I. K to B «fh, then 2. Q to R
Mh (ch); if 1. K to 4th, then 2. y take* P (cli); and if 1. P to B 5th, then 2. y to Kt
6th (ch), &c. - - -
PROBLEM NO. 2315.
By G. C. Heywood.
BLACK.
White to piny, nnd mate In two mores.
BLINDFOLD CHESS.
One of ten sinniltnnpoti.s gam?* played by Mr. Bla j 'KB(*kxe nt the
Manchester Chess Club in 1S<J3. It Uas not hitherto Ih'oii published.
< Kings’ (/ambit declinc<l.)
white CMr. B.)
1 . P to K 4th
2. P to K B 4th
3. Kt to K B 3rd
4. Kt takes P
5. P to Q 4th
6. B Lakes P
7. p takes Kt
8 Kt to B 3rd
O. lea
-.-(Mr. P.)
P to K 4th
P to Q 4th
P Lakes K P
Kt to Q 2nd
PtksP fen poes.)
Kt Hikes Kt
B to Q B Hh
P to Q B 3rd
big li-dV’ for
plira......
y 3rd.
9. Kt to K 4th 0 to K 2nd
in. Q to K 2nd P to K R 3rd
11. B in K 3rd B takes B
12. Q takes B B to K 3rd
Black c n do nothing offensive. If
8 to Kt Ath (ch*. 13. P to U 3rd.y takes
tP ; i4.('a->tlcBwttha winning position.
13. Castles (K R) QtoB2nd
11. Q R to Q sq Q takes P
15. B to B 4th K to B «i
: (Mr. B.) black (Mr. P.)
Black’s resources are limited to had
moves, that in the text being, perhaps,
«*ne of lhc least lnriiiful.
16. Q to K 3rd (ch ) Kt to K 2nd
17. Q takes l»
Taken in conjunction with ^lii* ^re¬
play on i in; piri of White. The game is
white (Mr. B.)
1. P to K 4th
2. Kt to K B 3rd
3. B to B 4th
4. P to Q Kt 4th
6. P to y B 3rd
P. Castle*
7. P to y 4th
K P takes P
9. B to K Kt 5lh
Id. Kt to B 3rd
II. P toy 5th
■rarily l<
18. B take.-, B
19. Kt to y 6th
20. y to R 5lh
If II takes M.ina
in two moves by y t
21. K to tt
22. y to R 7lh
23. y H to K sq
24. Kt takes V
25. y to Q 7 th,
nnd wi
Bayliss. P.R.S.B.A.,
Gambit.)
WHITE (Mr. B.)
16.
17. Kt takes Kt
18. B takes P
19. Q to U 3rd (ell)
2 0. K to y s«| (chj
21. P to H lih
R to y sq
y to K 6th (ehi
;e obviously follows
> Q Mh icli». &c.
P to Q Kt. 3rd
K to Kt si|
y to B 4th
R to K >n
nd *• F. A.”
BLACK (F. A.)
It takes It
P takes Kt
Q to y 2 nd
P to B 4th
B to y 5th
K R to K B sq
P takes R
K takes B
BLACK (F. A.)
P to K 4th
Kt to Q B 3rd
B to B 4th
Kt takes P
Kt to Q B 3rd
Kt to B 3rd
B to*Kt 3r I I The key - move of the combi nation
P to y 3rd
B to K 3rd
Kt to K 4th
wing a piece.
12. Kt takes Kt P takes Kt | 23. B to K 5th (ch)
13. P takes B B to y 5th
1». P takes P (ch) K to K 2nd I to'K ’iud i* c-iiml'h WaL*
15. Kt to y 5th (ch) K to Q 3rd 1
16. Q to B 3rd
Serving a double purpose—to support
the. exrliamro*, and then lie ready lo
check at II 3rd.
INTERNATIONAL CHESS CONGRESS.
Plav in the vnrimtr. (-nuqiftulnii. at JtiniHnnl lin- tnaile crm-liloraltls
]iroviv... ami hiilkvu Uni- :uv mu vvnnliiiv nf jirnlialilc m-nlt.-. Tin-
1, luv-vnilncml.v - ► in tho nmsiciV liinvnumrnl. where the chanee. nf
several n it ho|»elcssl\ gune, i‘-|xi , i:illv a using tin; in n ns]iii-,inm fur
tfiiinicy liiinniirn. The piimrs mi fur luivr not ln un ili-linpui-hi'il Itv
lirlMlnnt .-inurtf.v, :i mrrfiiliier- IwjnloniiK on timlililt Iwlnji tint lcnil>ii'tt
fviltmi. Mi'-m'-. Bir.l itinl Rltirklinrno lime rltmv'n n'litilr of tltrir tt-nnl
iltt.li In nni fine ftnllnit,. rtml Mr. Hull line rlnntr to tho tvntro Poiintrr
Gumhlt with n ll'li'lH.i worthy of n Uutor fnto At the time of trrltlng
Mi--r>. Wi l- Blnekhtifne, 1 iim-lnTe. Ilanlelehen. Muekenzie, unit Tnnlten-
huni, were the leailer-. utul ummiv-t them the ]iltneli»al winnt i> will ilottht-
lei*, lie fotnul.
to K -Ini in Ci|lliihj f-H:
24. Q taken P (ehI
25. 1> to R 3rd (fill
2«. Q to K 5th.
Mate
Dramatic recitals on “ British Homes” have been given at
the Alexandra Palace by Miss Yates, the able honorary secre¬
tary of the Bread and Food Reform League, in aid of its funds.
A Parliamentary paper shows that in England there are
44 municipal boroughs with a population of 60,000 and
upwards, HR with populations between ofl.OfK) and 10,000,
and 121 with less than 10,000. There arc 18 boroughs which
are counties of cities or counties of towns, 21fi which have
separate commissions of the peace, 19 which appoint their own
sheriffs, and 121 which have no separate police establishments.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated April 12, 1881), with a codicil (dated
June 29, 1883), of the Rev. Charles William Giles, D.D., late of
Milton Hall, near Cambridge, who died on May 12 last, was
proved on July 3 by John Edward Giles, the brother, the
Rev. Edward Giles, the nephew, and Samuel Knight, the
executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to
upwards of £71,000. The testator gives, in addition to other
gifts to her, an annuity of £1000 to Mrs. Catherine Amy Poss-
ingham ; £ 1000 to her husband ; £2000 upon certain trusts fer
the benefit of each of her three daughters; and legacies lo
servants and others. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves to his said brother, John Edward Giles.
The will (dated March 12. 18811), with a codicil (dated
May 10, 1888), of Mr. John Pitt-Taylor, formerly Judge of
County Courts, late of No. 58, Eccleston-sqnare, who died t it
July 17, was proved on July 31 by Charles Pitt-Taylor, the
son, one of the executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £01,000. The testator leaves all his
real estate and £4500 to his eldest son, Charles : £2000 to his
son Arthur William and .CfiOOO. upon trust, for him ; £91100 to
his son Francis Henry: £3900 to his daughter Mrs. Harriet
Bnttyc: £ 15,000, and all his furniture and effects not specific¬
ally bequeathed, to his daughter Hester Louisa; and there are
various specific bequests to children (including the despatch-
boxes of his great-uncle, William Pitt, to his sort Charles) anti
to friends, an annuity to his sister-in-law, and pecuniary
legacies to his butler and cook. He appoints his son Charles
and his daughter Hester Louisa residuary legatees.
The will (dated Nov. 2, 1881) of Mr. Capel Carter, formerly
of Woodford, Essex, but late of No. 8, Vineyards. Bath, who
died on May 24 last, was proved on Aug. 4 by Frank Crisp, the
acting executor, the value of the personal estate amounting to
ever £42,000. Tho testator bequeaths £3000 each to tho
London Hospital (Whitcchapel-road) and the Charing-cross
Hospital (Agar-street) ; £2000 each to the Dental Hospital of
London (Leicester-square) and the Orphan Working School
(Maitland - park, Haverstock - hill) ; £1000 to the Refuge
for Homeless Boys (Great Queen-street) : and he directs the
duty on the said legacies to be paid out of his personal estate.
There are a few other legacies, and the residue of his real and
personal estate is to be equally divided between his nieces and
nephew, Mary Anne Carter Simco, Charlotte Simco, and
Samuel gayer.
The will (dated April 8, 1879) of Mrs. Eliza Harriet Tttdor,
late of No. 2B, Lansdown-place, Cheltenham, who died on
July 3, was proved on Aug. 2 by the Rev. Charles John
Martyn and Major-General William Bainbrigge Marshall, the
surviving executors, the value of the personal estate amount¬
ing to over £42,1X10. The testatrix bequeaths £1000 to the
Royal National Life - Boat Institution for the purpose of
building and fitting out a life-boat to be called the “ Elizabeth
Mary,” and a life-boat house on some dangerous part of the
coast of Cornwall; and there are a good many other legacies.
The residue of her real and personal estate she leaves, upon
trust, for Langley Frederick Vernon Tudor, the son of her
deceased husband, Colonel William Langley Tudor, for life,
and then for his children, with a gift over in default of
children.
The Scotch Confirmation, under seal of Office of the Com-
missariot of Lanarkshire, of the deed of settlement (dated
Jan. 18, 1881) of Mr. William Galbraith, residing at No. 3,
Blythsivood-square, Glasgow, who died on April 29 last, granted
to Peter Galbraith, Mrs. Jessie Maclean or Galbraith, Mrs.
Margaret Croom Galbraith or Tennant, Alexander Andrew
Fergusson, and James Murray, the executors nominate,
was resealed in London on Aug. I, tho value of the personal
estate in England and Scotland amounting to upwards of
£37,tWO.
The will (dated Dec. fi, 1878) of Mrs. Sophia Susanna Barnes,
late of Upton Villa, Penge, who died onJnn.23 last, was proved
on Aug. (> by John Adam and Arthur William Marriott, the
acting executors, the value of the personal estate in the United
Kingdom exceeding £27,000. The testatrix, after giving a few
legacies, leaves one moiety of the residue of her real and per¬
sonal estate, upon trust, for her daughter Mrs. Aim Pollett
Dickinson, for life, and then for her three daughters ; and the
other moiety, upon trust, for her daughter Mrs. Elizabeth
Marriott, for life, and then for her children.
The will (dated June 13, 1885) of Captain Hobart George
Anderdon, formerly of No. 17, Gay-street. Bath, and late of
Fernleigh High Park, Ryde, Isle of Wight, tvho died ou
June 14 last, was proved on Aug. (i. by Mrs. Mary Anne
Anderdon, the widow, and John Stone, the executors, the value
of the personal estate exceeding £23,UWJ. The testator be¬
queaths £400 and his jewellery and consumable stores to bis
wife; £100 to his executor, Mr. Stone; and there are one or
two other bequests. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life : at her dealh
he gives £300 to the Nathaniel Ragged School. Liverpool; nnd
£5(K) each to the Railway Mission (ISO, Aldersgate-street) and
the London City Mission. As to the ultimate residue, he gives
one fourth to each of his nephew and nieces, Linton John
Hughes, Frances Harriet Hughes. Mary Thornburgh Anderdon
Ilnghes, and Catherine Eliza Hughes.
The will (dated March 29, 1888) of Miss Susan Elizabeth
Burgess, late of No. 5, Burgess-bill, Finchley-road, Hampstead,
who died on May 22 last, at Argelcs, Hautes Pyrenees, was
proved on Aug. 3 by Major William Henry Burgess and
Major Ardwick Burgess, the brothers, and Edward Bnrgcss
Weatherall, the nephew, the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to over £18,000. The testatrix
makes special gifts of ground rents, leasehold property, and
money legacies, upon trusts, for several, of her nephews and
nieces ; and bequeaths £ 100 each to her trustees and to two
great-nephews. The residue of her real and personal estate
she leaves, upon trust, for her said nephew, Edward Burgess
Weatherall.
A meeting of the council of the National Rifle Association
was held on Aug. 9 at the rooms of the association in 1 all-
mall, Lord Wantage in the chair. Earlier in the day the
chairman had an interview with Mr. Smith, in Doivmng-
street, with reference to the petition for the allocation of a
part or Richmond Park for the purposes of the annual meet¬
ing. A news agency says that, although Colonel w beatJev.
of the Office of Works, and Mr. Burton, of the School of
Musketry, Hythe, reported that the proposed site waB sate lor
all practical purposes, the Government docs not sec its way to
grant the use of the ground for the camp. The meeting
having this decision before them inspected several plans
of alternative sites, notably two from Brighton, line
of these was presented by a deputation from Brighton, ana
the other was a ground selected by Sir Henry hletcne .
M.P. This latter site lies on Dyke-road, a mile and a nu t
from West Brighton station and a mile from Pateham. J
called Bletchington. The firing points would be under tm
Red Hill, and the targets at the base of the Round H‘1J!; on
the right is Skeleton Hovel, on the left Toads Hole. No act
decision was arrived at.
AUG. 13, 1SS8
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW
1S7
TIIE “KAUFA,” a MALAY RELIGIOUS
CELEBRATION.
A large number of Malaya, descendants of thosD brought from
the islands of the Dutch East Indies in former times, when the
Dutch ruled at the Cape of Good Hope, form part of the popu¬
lation of Capetown. They arc chiefly employed as boatmen
in the harbour. On April 24, not for the first time, these
people of an Asiatic race, in the chief city of the British South
African Colony, exhibited a public performance of their extra¬
ordinary revels and orgies, sword-dances, knife-dances, and
tricks with a variety of dangerous weapons, called the
“Kalifa.*’ and originally connected with a religions festival.
It took place in the Exhibition Building at Capetown, where
the stage of the large hall had been fitted up for the occasion.
Palm-trees stood on either side of the proscenium, and the
sta"e was fitted with Mohammedan symbols and a miniature
mosque-like structure, behind which were a number of Malay
singers : while seated round the stage were the drummers,
who with the tom-tom kept np a continual boom, from which
the actors took their time. All the performers in the Kalifa
were dressed in white, with green sashes across the chest. Tbo
whole representation was under the charge of Hadji Saydien,
who also presided at the celebration twenty-five years ago.
The proceedings opened with exhibitions of agility with knives.
The Malays, about twelve in number, ranged themselves in two
rows np the stage, facing each other. In each hand was a
dagger, and. at a given signal, tho tom-toms beat, the choir
sang a monotonous lay, and the acrobats commenced a circular
dance, at given intervals, and quite in unison, carrying the
knives close to their bodies, and wielding them with rapid
motion, without actually stabbing themselves. A loud round
of applause greeted this effort. The next item was a similar
exhibition, but with curved swords, and to six-eight time. Tho
gambols were all thoroughly in unison, and the men seemed to
be attempting to hack off their hands. One or two were
•nctually wounded, and they dropped out, being disqualified
from taking any further part in tho Kalifa. I he number
gradually diminished, and only seven were left when two
swords each were served out. Then the actors slashed away,
seemingly, in tho most reckless manner, dancing all the time.
The sword-points were placed into their eves and cars, and tho
edges round their throats, bub not a scratch wa3 sustained.
This performance gained the loudest plaudits from tho audience.
Somo pretty Eastern dances wore given by Malay women : and
the men went through tho wonderful fire-dance. Tho intervals
were pleasantly enlivened by the band of the Royal Inniskilling
Fusiliers. Our Illustrations are from sketches by Mr. F. B.
Ross, of Capetown.
NOVELS.
Fraternity: a Romance. Two vols. (Macmillan and Co.).—
An intimate knowledge of the Welsh temperament and genius,
and of rural life in Merionethshire, where the characteristics
of that interesting Celtic race are best preserved, enables the
authoress of this sympathetic and graceful story, herself a
Welshwoman, to give it true local colour. She is also inspired
with the true spiritual enthusiasm for human brotherhood,
which displays itself less in democratic political agitation than
in zeal for social justice and charity, and in spreading high
mental culture, and promoting good morals and refined
manners among all classes of the people. An earnest but
modest worker in this cause, at first made known to us as
Edmund Haig, the village schoolmaster of Llanfairydd, near
Pengwr, is the hero of the story. He has been reared in
ignorance of his parentage, having been left alone in his
infancy by the death of his mother, a poor nameless wanderer
in Shropshire, who could speak no English, and having been
educated by the Fathers of a:i Anglican convent and school,
from which he went to Oxford. Declining to take orders in the
Church, he became a teacher and writer for a provincial
newspaper in Wales. At Llanfairydd he gave private lessons
to a sweet young lady. Blodwen Trevor, whose Christian
name, meaning 4 * White Flower,” is doubtless more agreeable
to Welsh than to English ears. She is an orphan, poor but of
good family, living with an elderly maiden aunt; her elder
brother. Mr. John Trevor, is a rising solicitor at Pengwr, and
agent to an Earl who is the principal landlord of that neigh¬
bourhood. A strong and pure mutual affection had arisen
between this girl and Edmund ; but he, being some ten years
her senior, refrains from wooing her, out of his chivalrous
delicacy, and suddenly departs to his mission of teaching tbc
neglected children of rude quarrymen in another district, and
diffusing the principles of Christian fraternity among man¬
kind. In a holiday mountain ramble, he chances to meet a
young gentleman, Harold Price, a pedestrian tourist coming
from the Midland Bhires, whose face, though he is a much
younger man, bears a striking resemblance to that of Edmund
himself. They become fast friends, and facts are presently
revealed which make it almost certain that the father of Harold,
Mr. Price, of The Oaks, near Blackton, who returned from Aus¬
tralia with plenty of money, is also the father of Edmund. He
had disappeared a quarter of a century before, and had left his
first wife and child in destitution, she being a Welsh peasaut
girl, and he the disinherited son of a petty squire who drove
him away in anger. Edmund, a child of three years at the
time when his forsaken mother died in a country workhouse
on her road to follow her husband, was taken care of ay two
old ladies nam.’d Haig, who allowed him to bear their name.
The discovery of his parentage, however, docs not alter
Edmund's views of life and duty ; he resolves not to deprive
Harold of the fortune to be bequeathed by Mr. Price, bui to
continue the labours which he loves, content with earning a
simple livelihood. Harold, an amiable and generous youth,
accustomed to the society of the rich and fashionable, is
attached to Lady Alice, one of the Earl's daughters at Pengwr
Castle, and the contract of marriage between them would be
broken if he ceased to be the heir to his father's wealth. In
tac meantime, at Llanfairydd, Blodwen is pining for Edmund,
haviug never yet received an express avowal of his love l'or
nsr, and there is much secret unhappiness alL round. But the
jnosb miserable of men is old Mr. Price, whose conscience
torments him for the death of the lost wife of his youth, though
ne had not intended to desert her; and he spends many
K S - v- 80 ^ tar J r journeys and searches for her grave, while
a passionate desire to learn what became of his
whether living or dead. These feelings and
thoughts of the sorrowful father are long concealed from
larolu, who is so unkindly treated as to cause a temporary
estrangement, until the old man, being very ill, weak, and dis¬
puted m miud, lets out the truth by confusing the names of
hlffk son8 - Harold theu perceives that Edmund is his elder
rother, sends for him to their father's sick-bed, and proposes,
ie.i his identity is proved, to renounce the inheritance in his
™ ur ; " ufc Edmund still refuses to have it, and their noble
ntest of generosity ends with his accepting £200 a year,
nf T one Barnes Blodwen, and the other gains the hand
ady Alice; but the bond of brotherly love is sure to grow
tver stronger between them in life ; and they will do all they
.m the spirit of universal fraternity, to advance the welfare
of mankind.
i?* *'•" 'f II'O Land. By Mary Lester (Maria Soltera),
Vnl.lm Lady's Ride across Spanish Honduras.” Three
is ,’ Rlacktvood and Sons).—In spite of laboured pro-
now^ a i f ® rmalit y °f style, this novel is rather interesting,
fMtii-t , cr ‘\ by its lively portraiture of manners and its
.__~V°f incidents. Yet the prevalence of sordid motives
'g so many leading characters has a depressing effect, and
A MALAY RELIGIOUS CEREMONY, THE “KALIFA.”
there is a lack of consistency or probability in the fatal issues
of their conduct. Why it should be called “ The Fat of the
Land ” we fail to perceive; unless it be that the desire to get
money, by catching well-endowed girls or rich men in the
snare” of matrimony, is represented as the mainspring of
English social life. There are two good girls—Mary Leppell,
daughter of the Hon. Colonel Leppell, a boisterous and reck¬
less staff officer of pensioners, a younger son of Lord
Hieover; and Willina Clavering, cousin and ward of Mr.
Glascott, a retired Liverpool merchant or banker, living
in Jersey. We like them so much that it is a sad
disappointment, in the end, to leave the one extremely un¬
happy as a deserted wife; and the other, after losing her true
lover” Stephen La Touche, by a dreadful death, married to a
Peer fifty or sixty years of age, who is. though not unkind to
her, none of Nature's noblemen. The best woman in the
story, however, is Mrs. Leppell, an admirable lady severely
tried by tbs faults of a rnde and violent husband who is also
dishonest, and by the misconduct of her eldest son ; she lives
to enjoy a brief gleam of domestic happiness, and then dies of
a spasm of the heart. Tragedies do happen, but those of this
tale are grievously ill-timed. Why should poor Stephen, the
only good man of an odious family, some of whom are lunatics
and idiots, others mean and spiteful rogues, perish by burning
on tbc eve of his long-deferred union with Willina, for whom
ho has faithfully waited five years ! As for the other men,
though Mr. Glascott is magnanimous, it was very foolish of
him, at his advanced time of life, to marry a heartless fortune-
hunter like Miss Lillian Fanshawe ; while Francis Clavering,
an eminent professor of science, after marrying sweet Mary
Leppell, and receiving from his guardian's bounty the gift of
£20IRI a year, perpetrates the vilest of crimes by running off
with his guardian's wife ; and Duke Leppell, who committed
a forgery in his yonth, being then an associate of blackguards,
besides incurring' a sentence of imprisonment for takingaway a
ward of the Court of Chancery, would not seem likely to become
a man of principle. Hi these instances, one might think, the
moral characteristics of individuals are not consistently main¬
tained ; persons do ohange, to be sure, in their sentiments and
behaviour, yet not so abruptly and unaccountably, or without
apparent cause in the effect of circumstances on their peculiar
temperament. Francis C'lavering and Lillian, though alike
selfish, hard, and ambitious, are coldly prudent, and would
scarcely be the slaves of a criminal passion excited by a
common interest in scientific studies, and by the lady's ability
to do service in classifying geological specimens. This is a
singularly odd beginning of amorous mischief that ends in an
intrigue not only involving their social ruin, but aggravated
by the most hideous treachery and ingratitude towards their
kind benefactor. On the oilier hand, wo do not understand
how Duke Leppell and bis uncle Alexander, afterwards Lord
Hieover, who had such cruel and wicked faces wonderfully
alike, and the elder of whom bad basely slandered Mr. Glascott,
attain the respectable standard of virtno that is allowed them
at a later period. And why should his Lordship obtain the
hand of the noble Willina ! Is it to reward him for saving
her from being buried alive, by putting a redhot poker to
the sole of her foot, when she hns fallen into a trance and is
supposed to be dead .’ The uncouth Scotch schoolmaster,Colin
M'Taggart, might have done that just as well, and ho at least
is an honest man. The proceedings, moreover, by which tho
guilt of the Leppellsis concealed from members of their family
and their friends, are questionable in point of morality. It
may he justifiable to prevent a criminal prosecution by paving
a bill that somebody has forged, or making compensation for
a pecuniary injury, and one may keep silence about it only so
long as the offender has no further chance of swindling other
people. But when Colonel Leppell has sold a case of diamonds
entrusted to his care, substituting jewels of paste for the
precious stones, the fraud being afterwards suspected, we
cannot approve of shielding him from mere family disgrace by
the trickery of replacing the real diamonds and falsely pre¬
tending that they had never been changed. This is not the
action of a highly-conscientions person, or one that is justified
by any degree of friendship. With all its confused and
defective ethical conceptions, “The Fat of the Land” contains
many scenes, both comic and pathetio, which have power to
interest the ordinary reader; but its general effect is un¬
satisfactory, and it leaves a dismal impression that there are
no longer any good men or women surviving in the world.
188
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 18, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
“ HoBOTIIY FoUSTUR," ** dm.I'[U:> c
CHAPTER XIII.
ONE DAY.
r TIMES of great sor¬
row the godly person
I ought to look forward
. to the never-ending
rj r V joy and happiness that
^ will foUow this short lire.
y Yet we still look bnck-
, wards to the happy
time that is past and can
never come again. And
then how happy does it
seem to have been in
comparison with present
affliction!
It pleased Heaven
after many trials to
restore my earthly hap¬
piness—at least, in its
principal part, which is
earthly love. Some
losses — grievous and
lamentable—there were
which could not be rc-
stored. Yet for a long time I had no other comfort
apart from that hope which I trust was never
suffered to leave me) than the recollection of one
siugle day in its course, too short, from dewy morn
till dusky eve. I began that day with the sweetest joy that a
girl can ever experience—namely, the return of her lover and
the happiness of learning that he loves her more than ever,
with the knowledge that her heart hath gone forth from her
and is wholly his. To such a girl the woods and fields become
the very Garden of Eden; the breath of the wind is as the
voice of the Lord blessing another Eve; the very showers are
the tears of gladness and gratitude ; the birds sing hymns of
praise; the leaves of the trees whisper words of love; the
brook prattles of kisses; the flowers offer incense ; the royal
course of the sun in splendour, the glories of the sunrise and
sunset, the twinkling stars of night, the shadows of the flying
clouds, the pageant of the summer day—these are all prepared
for that one happy girl and for her happy lover ! Oh, Divine
Gift of Love.' which thus gives the whole world with its fruits
in season to each pair in turn ! Nay, doth it not create them
anew? What was Adam without Eve? And Eve was created
for no other purpose than to be a companion to the man.
I say, then, that the day when ltobin took me in his arms
and kissed me—not ns he had done when we parted and I was
still a child, but with the fervent kiss of a lover—was the
happiest day in all my life. I say that I have never forgotten
that day, but, by reealliug any point of it, I remember all:
how he held my hand and how he made me confess that I loved
him; how we kissed and parted, to meet again. As for poor
Humphrey, I hardly gave him so much as a thought of pity.
Then, how we wandered along the brook hand in hand!
“Never to part again, my dear,” said the fond lover.
“ Here will we love, and here we will die. Let Benjamin
become, if he please. Lord Chancellor, and Humphrey a great
physician : they will have to live among men in towns, where
every other mail is a rogue. We shall live in this sweet
country place, where the people may be rude but they arc not
knaves'. Why, in that great city of London, where the
merchants congregate upon the Exchange and look so full of
dignity and wisdom, each man is thinking all the time that, if
he fail to overreach his neighbour, that neighbour will over¬
reach him. Who would live such a life when he can pass it
in the fields with such a companion as my Alice? ”
The pleasures of London had only increased his thirst for
the country life. Surely, never was seen a swain more truly
rustic in all his thoughts ! The fine ladies at the playhouse,
with their painted fans, made him, he told me, think of one who
wore a russet frock in Somersetshire, and did not paint her sweet
face—this was the way he talked. The plays they acted could
never even be read, much less witnessed, by that dear girl—
so full of wickedness they were. At the assemblies the ladies
were jealous of each other, and put on scornful looks when one
seemed preferred : at the taverns the men drank and bellowed
songs and quarrelled ; in the streets they fought and took the
wall and swaggered; there was nothing but fighting among
the baser sort, with horrid imprecations; at the coffee-liouse
the politicians argued and quarrelled. Nay, in the very
churches the sermons were political arguments, and while the
clergyman read his discourse the gallants ogled the ladies.
All this and more he told me.
To hear my boy, one would think there was nothing in
London but what was wicked and odious. No doubt it is a
wicked place, where many men live together; those who are
wicked easily find each other out, aud are encouraged in their
wickedness. Y’et there must be many honest and God-feuring
persons, otherwise the Judgment of Heuven would again fall
upon that city as it did in the time of Plague and in the Greut
Fire.
“ My pretty Puritan,” said Robin, “ I am now come away
from that place, and I hope never to see it again. Oh !
native hills, 1 salute you ! Oh ! woods and meadows, I have
returned, to wander again in your delightful shade.” Then,
which was unusual in my boy and would have better become
Mr. Boscorel or Humphrey, he began to repeat verses. I knew
not that he had ever learned any :—
“ As I ranffe these spacious fields,
Feast on all that Nature yield* ;
Everything inspires delight,
Charms my smell, my taste, my sight;
Every rural sound 1 hear
Boothes my soul and tunes my ear.”
I do not know where Robin found these verses, but ns he
repeated them, waviug his arm around, I thought that
Humphrey himself never made sweeter lines.
He then told me how Humphrey would certainly become
the most learned physician of the time, and that he was
already master of a polite and dignified manner which would
procure him the patronage of the great and the confidence of
all. It was pleasant to hear him praise his cousin without
jealousy or envy. To be sure, he knew not then—though
afterwards I told him—that Humphrey was his rival. Even
had lie known this, such was the candour of my Robin mid
the integrity of his soul that he would have praised him even
more loudly. ,
One must not repeat more of the kind and lovely tilings
that the dear boy said whilo we strolled together by the
brook-side.
While thus abroad we walked—’t was in the forenoon, after
Humphrey’s visit—Sir Christopher, his grandfather, dressed
in his best coat und his gold-laccd hat, which he commonly
kept for church, and accompanied by Madam, wulked from the
•All flij/kls Beunml.
Manor House through the village till they came to our cottage.
Then, with great ceremony, they entered, Sir Christopher
bowing low and Madam dropping a deep courtesy to my
mother, who sat humbly at her wheel.
“Madam,” said Sir Christopher, “wc would, with your
permission, say a few words with the learned Dr. Eykin and
yourself.”
My father, who had now returned and was in his room,
came forth when he was calk'll. His face had recovered
something of its serenity, but his eyes were still troubled.
Madam sat down ; but Sir Christopher and my father stood.
“Sir," said his Honour, “I will proceed straight to the
point. My grandson desires to marry your daughter Alice.
Robin is a good lad ; not a scholar if you will; for his religion,
the root of the matter is ill him; for the goodness of his heart,
I will answer; for his habit of life, lie hath, so far as we can
learn, acquired no vile vices of the city—he doth neither drink
nor gamble, nor waste his health and strength in riotous living;
and for his means, they are my own. All that I have will
be his. ’T is no great estate, but’t will serve him as it hath
served me. Sir, the boy’s mother and I have come to ask
your daughter in marriage. We know her worth, and we are
right well satisfied that our boy hath made so good and wise a
choice.”
“They were marrying and giving in marriage when the
Hood came; they will be marrying and giving in marriage in
the great day of the Lord,” said my father.
” Y'es, gossip; but that is no reason why they should not
now be marrying and giving in marriage.”
“ You ask my consent ? ” said my father. “ This surprises
me. The child is too young: she is not yet of marriageable
age ”-
“ Husband, she is nigh upon her twentieth birthday! ”
“ I thought she had been but twelve or thereabouts ! My
consent ? Why, Sir Christopher, in the eyes of the world this
is great condescension on your part to take a penniless girl.
1 looked, I suppose, to the marriage of my daughter some
time—perhaps to a farmer—yet—yet, we are told that a
virtuous woman hath a price fur above rubies; and that it is
she who buildeth up the house, and we are nowhere told that
she must bring her husband a purse of gold. Sir Christopher,
it would be the blackest ingratitude in us to deny you, even
if this thing were (which I say not) against the mind of our
daughter.”
" It is not—it is not,” said my mother.
“ Wherefore, seeing that the young man is a good man as
youths go, though in the matter of the Latin syntax he hath yet
much to learn ; and that his heart is disposed towards religion,
I am right glad that he should take our girl to wife.”
“ Bravely said ! " cried Sir Christopher. “ Hands upon it,
man ! And we will have a merry wedding. But to-day 1 bid
you botli to conic aud feast with us. We will have holiday
and rejoicing.”
"Yes,” said my father, “we will feast; though to-morrow
comes the Deluge.” I know now what he meant, but at that
time we knew not, and it seemed to his Honour a poor way of
rejoicing at the return of the boys aud the betrothal of his
daughter thus to be foretelling woes. “The Vision of the
Plumb-line is before mine eyes,” my father went on. “ Is the
land able to bear all this? We talk of feasting and of marriage*.
Y’etafewda.vs.orperhapsalready-But wc will rejoice together,
my old friend and benefactor—we will rejoice together.” Witii
these strange words he turned and went back to his room, and.
utter some tears with my mother, Madam Went home and Sir
Christopher with her. But in honour to the day he kept on
his best coat.
Robin suffered me to go home, but only that I might put
on my best frock (I hud but two) and make my lmir straight,
whieh had been blown into curls, as was the way with my
hair. And then, learning from my mother with the utmost
satisfaction what had passed, he led me by the hand, as if I
were already his bride, and so to the Manor House, where first
Sir Christopher saluted me with great kindness, calling me his
dear grand-daughter, and saying that next to Robin’s safe
return he asked for nothing more than to see me Robin's wife.
And Madam kissed me, with tears in her eyes, and said that
she could desire nothing better for her sou. and that she was
sure 1 should do my best endeavours to make the hoy happy.
Then Humphrey, as quietly as if lie had not also asked me to
be his wife, kissed my hand, and wished me joy; aud Mr.
Boscorel also kissed me, and declared that Robin ought to be
the happiest dog on earth. Aud so we sat down to our feast.
The conversation at dinner was graver than the occasion
demanded. For though our travellers continually answered
questions about the foreign lands and peoples they had seen,
yet the subji ct returned always to the condition of the country,
and to what would happen.
After dinner we sat in the garden, and the gentlemen
began to talk of Right Divine and of Non-Resistance, and
here it seemed to me as if Mr. Boscorel was looking on us
from an eminence apart. For when he had once stated the
texts and arguments upon which the High Church party do
most rely he retired and made no further objections, listening
in silence while my father held forth upon the duty of rising
against wicked Princes. At last, however, being challenged to
reply by Humphrey, Mr. Boscorel thus made answer.
“ The doctrine that subjects may or may not rebel against
their Sovereign is one which I regard with interest so long as
it remains a question of logic and argument only. Unfortu¬
nately, the times are such that we may be called upon to make
a practical application of it; in whieh case there may follow
once more civil war, with hard knocks on botli sides, and much
loss of things temporal. Wherefore to my learned brother’s
arguments, which I admit to he plausible, 1 will, for the
present, offer no reply, except to pray Heaven that the occa¬
sion may not arise of converting a disputed doctrine into a rule
of conduct.”
Alas! even while he spoke the messenger was speeding
swiftly towards us who was to call upon all present to take
a side.
The question is now, 1 hope, decided for ever: but many
men had first to die. It was not decided then, but three years
later, when King William cut the knot, and, with the applause
of the nation, pulled down his lather-in-law and mounted the
throne himself with his gracious consort. We are agreed, at
last, that Kings, like judges, generals, and all great officers of
.State, are to hold their offices in good behaviour. If they
enter into machinations against the liberty of the people and
desert the national religion, they must descend, and let
others take their place. But before that right could be
established for the country, streams of blood must first flow.
While they talked, we—1 mean Madam, my mother, and
myself—sat aud listened. But my mind was full of another
subject, and I heard but little of what was said, noting chiefly
the fiery ardour of my father aud the careless grace of
Mr. Boscorel.
Presently my father, who was never easy in the company
of Mr. Boscorel—(so oil and water will not agree to fill a cup
in friendship)—and, besides, being anxious to rejoin the
society of his books, arose and went away, and with him my
mother—he, in his ragged cassock, who was a learned scholar;
she, in her plain home-spun, who was a gentlewoman by birth.
Often had I thought of our poverty with bitterness. But now
it was with a softened heart that 1 saw them walk side by side
across the lawns. For now I understood plainly—and for the
first time—how love can strengthen and console. My mother
was poor, but she was not therefore unhappy.
Mr. Boscorel also rose and went away with Humphrey.
They went to talk of things more interesting to the Rector
than the doctrine of Non-Resistance: of painting, namely, and
statuary and models. And when we presently walked from the
Rectory gardens we heard a most gladsome scraping of fiddle-
strings within, which showed that the worthy man was making
the most of Humphrey’s return.
When Sir Christopher had taken his pipe of tobacco he fell
asleep. Robin and 1 walked in the garden and renewed our
vows. Needs must that I should tell him all that I had done
or thought since he went away. As if the simple thoughts of
a country-maid should be of interest to a man ! Yet he
seemed pleased to question and to listen, and presently broke
into a rapture, swearing that he was in love with an angel.
Y'oung lovers may, it is feared, fall into grievous sin by per¬
mitting themselves these extravagances of speech and thought;
yet it is hard to keep them sober, and besides (because every
sin in man meeteth with its correspondent in woman), if the
lover he extravagant, the maiden takes pleasure in his
extravagance. To call a mortal, full of imperfections, an
angel, is little short of blasphemy. Yet 1 heard it with, I
confess, a secret pleasure. Wc know ourselves and the truth
concerning ourselves; we do not deceive ourselves ns to our
imperfections; yet we are pleased that onr lovers should so
speak and think of us as if we were angels indeed.
Robin told me, presently ceasing his extravagances for a
while, that lie was certain something violent was on foot. To
be sure, everybody expected so much. He said, moreover, that
he believed Humphrey had certain knowledge of what was
going to happen; that before they left the Low Countries
Humphrey had been present at a meeting of the exiles in
Rotterdam, where it was well known that Lord Argyll's expe¬
dition was resolved upon; that he had been much engaged in
London after their return, and had paid many visits, the
nature of which he kept secret; and that on the road there
was not a town and scarcely a village where Humphrey had
not someone to visit.
“My dear,” he said, “Humphrey is slight as to stature
and strength, but he carries a stout heart. There is no man
more bitter agonist the King than he, and none more able if
liis counsels were listened to. Monmouth, 1 am certain,
purposes to head an expedition into England like that of
Lord Argyll in Scotland. Tile history of England hath many
instances of such successful attempts. King Stephen, King
Henry IV., King Henry VII., are all examples, li Monmouth
lauds, Humphrey will join him, I am sure. And 1, my
dear”-he paused.
“ And you too, Robin ? Oh! must you too go forth to
fight ? And yet, if the Duke doth head a rising all the world
would follow. Oh ! to drive uwuy the Papist King aud restore
our liberty! ”
“ My dear, I will do what my grandfather approves. If it
be my duty to go, he will send me forth.”
I had almost forgotten to say that Madam took me to her
own chamber, where she opened a box and pulled out a gold
chain, very fine. This she hung about my neck and bade me
sit down, and gave me some sound advice, reminding me that
woman was the weaker vessel, and should look to her husband
not only to love and cherish her, hut also to prevent her from
falling into certain grievous sins, as of temper, deceitfulness,
vanity, and the like, to which the weaker nature is ever prone.
Many other things she said, being a good and virtuous woman,
but I pass them over.
After supper we went again into the garden, the weather
being warm and fine. The sun went down, but the sky was
full of light, though it was past nine o’clock and time for me
to go home and to bed. Yet we lingered. The birds had
gone to sleep; there was no whisper of the wind; the village
was in silence. And Robin was whispering in my ear. I
remember—I renumber the very tones of his voice, whieh was
low aud sweet. I remember the words he said: “ Sweet love!
Sweet love! How could I live so long without tliec?” I
remember my swelling heart and my glowing cheeks. Oh!
Robin—Rohm 1 Oh '. poor heart ! poor maid! Tile memory
of this one day was nearly all thou hadst to feed upon for so
long—so long a time!
CHAPTER XIV.
THE VISION OF THE BASKET.
Suddenly we heard footsteps, as of those who are running,
aud my father’s voice speaking loud.
“Sing, O Daughter of Zion ! Shout, O Israel! Be glad
and rejoice with all the heart ! ”-
“Now, in the name of Heaven,” cried Sir Christopher,
“ what lueanoth this ?”
“ The Arm of the Lord ! The Deliverance of Israel! ”
He burst upon ns, drugging a man with him by the arm. In
the twilight 1 could only see, at first, that it was a broad,
thick-set mail. But my father’s slender form looked taller ns
he waved his arms mid cried aloud. Had lie been clad ill a
sheepskin, he would have resembled one of those ancient
Prophets whose words were always in his mouth.
“ Good friend,” said Sir Christopher, “what meaneththese
cries ? Whom have we here ? ”
Then the man with my father stepped forward and took off
his hat. Why, I knew him at once; though it was ten years
since I had seen him last! ’T was my brother Burnaby—none
otlier—come home again. He was now a great strong man—a
stouter have I never seen, though he was somewhat under tlie
middle height, broad in the shoulders, and thick of chest.
Beside him Robin, though reasonable in breadth, showed like
a slender sapling. But he had still the same good-natured
face, though now much broader. It needed no more than the
first look to know my brother Baruaby again. , „
“ Burnaby,” I cried, “ Bamaby, hast thou forgotten me.'
I caught one of his great hands—never, surely, were there
bigger hands than Burnaby’s! “ Hast thou forgotten me
“Why.” he said slowly—’t was ever a boy slow of speech
and of understanding " belike, ’t is Sister.” He kissed my
forehead. “ It is Sister,” he said, as if he were’ tasting a cup
of ale and was pronouncing on its quality. “ How dost thou,
Sister? Bravely, I hope. Thou art grown, Sister. 1 have
seen my mother, and—and—she does bravely, too; thougn
I left her crying. ’T is their way, the happier they be.
“ Burnaby ?” said Sir Christopher, “ is it thou, scapegrace.
Where hast thou- But first tell us what has happened.
fii Two 'words, Sir: the Duke of Monmouth landed the day
before yesterday at Lyrae-Regis with my Lord Grey and a
companv of a hundred—of whom 1 was one.” . ,
The'Duke had landed ! Then what Hobiu expected had
come to pas*! and my brother Baruaby was with t
surgents ! My heart beat fast. „ . . n ,.,. r
“ The Duke of Monmouth hath landed ! Sir Chrasfopher
repeated, and sat down again, ns one who knows not wh 3
be the meaning of the news.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Auq. 18, 1HH8.—180
Then, uith yrtal ceremony, they entered,
Dll AWN BY A. roKKMTIEH.
Christopher bouiiny low owl Mo, lorn drappluy a detp courts la my mot hr r, uho tat humbly at hrr K hrd.
“FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM."—BY WALTER BESANT.
190
AUG. 18, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
“ Ay, Sir, the Dulco hath landed. Wc left Holland on the
21th of May, and we made the coastat Lvme at dnvbrenk on
Thursday the 11th, ’T is now, I take it, Saturday. The Duke
had with him on board ship Lord (irev, Mr. Andrew Fletcher
of Saltoun, Mr. lleywood Dare of Taunton ”-
“ t know the man, "said Sir Christoph', r, “for an impudent,
lotid-tonsued fellow.”
" I’erhaps 111- was, Sir,” said Barnaby, grave lv. “ Perhaps
he was, but now ”-
“ flow ‘ was'"
“ lie was shot on Thursday evtning by Mr. Fletcher for
o.Tering him violence with n cane, and is now dead.”
“ ’T is a bad beginning. Go on, Burnaby.”
-The Duke had nlso Mr. Ferguson, Colonel Venner, Mr.
< humberlnin, and others whom l cannot remember. First we
S t Mr. Dare and Mr. Chamberlain ashore at Seatown, whence
they were to carry intelligtnee of the rising to the Duke's
friends. The Duke landed at seven o'clock with his company,
in seven boats. First, he fell on his knees and prayed aloud.
Tlun he drew his sword, and we all marched after to the
market-place, win re he raised his Hug and caused the Dcclftni-
t oil to be read. Here it is, your Honour.” lle lugged out a
copy of the Declaration, which Sir Christopher put aside,
saving that he would lead it in the morning.
“ Then we tossed our hats arid shouted ‘ A Monmouth ! A
Monmouth !' Sixty stout young fellows 'listed on the spot.
Thou we divided our forces, and begun to land the cannon-
tour pretty pieces ns you could wish to sci—and the arms, of
which 1 doubt if we have enough, mid the powder —two
hundred and fifty barrels. The Duke lay «.n Thursday nig lit
at the George. Next day, before dawn, the country people
began flocking iu.”
” What gentlemen have tome inf ”
“ I know not, Sir—my duty was most of the day on board.
In l lie evening I received leave to ride home, and indeed, Sir
Christopher, laid ordin to tarry the Duke's Declnvutiou to
vnursclf. And now we shall be well rid of the King, the Poire
ami the Devil!”
“ Because,” said my father, solemnly—“ bet auee with lies
ye have made the hearts of the righteous rad whom 1 have not
made sad.”
“ An.l what doest thou amoug this goodly company, frieiid
Burnaby ? ”
“ I am to be a Captain in one of the regiments,” said
Barnabv, grinning with pride; “though a railtr, yet can I
fight with the best. My Colonel is Mr. Holmes .'and my
Major, Mr. Parsons. On board tire frigate I was master and
navigated her.”
“ Tliere will be knocks, Barnaby ; knocks, J doubt.”
“ By your Honour's leave, I have bet rr where knocks were
flying for tett years, and I will take nry share, remembering
still tile treatment of my father anti the poverty of my
mother.”
“ It is rebellion, Burnaby !—rebellion ! ”
“ Why, Sir, Oliver Cromwell was a rebel. Artel your
Honour fought iu the army of tiro Karl of Esse;:—and what
was be but.a rebel!’ ”
1 wondered to hear my brother speak with so much bold¬
ness, who ten years before had bowed low and pulled Iris hair
irr presence of his Honour. Yet Sir Christopher seemed to
take this boldness in good part.
“ Barnaby,” he said, “ thou art a stout artel proper lad, and
I doubt trot thy courage—nay, I see it irr llry face, which hath
resolution irr it artel yet is modest; no rutfler or boaster art
thou, fraud Burnaby. Yet—yet—if rebellion fail —evert
Pteiiiun irr a just cause—then those who rise lose tlreir lives in
vain, and tire cause is lost, until better times.” This he said
ns one who speaketh to himself. I saw him leiok upon his
grandson. “ Tire King is—a Papist,” iu* said, “ that is most
true. A Papist should not be suffered to rule this country.
Yet to rise irr rebellion ! Have n cure, lud ! What if the time
be not yet ripe I- How know we who will join the Duke ? ”
“ Tire people are flocking to his standard by thousands,”
said Barnaby. “ When 1 rode away last night tire Duke’s
secretaries were writing down their names ns fast ns they
could be entered; they were landing the arms and already
exercising the recruits. And such a spirit they show, Sir, it
would do vour heart good only once to witness! ”
Now, ns I looked at Barnaby, I became aware that he was
not only changed in appearance, but that he was also very
linolv dressed-liumclv, in it scarlet eont and a sword with a
silken sash, with laced ruffles, a gold-laced hat, a great wig,
white breeches, and a flowered waistcoat. In the light of day,
as f afterwards discovered, there were stains of wine visible
upon the coat, and the ruffles were torn, and the waistcoat lmd
marks upon it as of tar. Uric doth not, to Ire sure, expect in tire
sailing master of a frigate tire mine neatness as in a gallant
of St. James's. Yet, our runaway lad must have prospered.
“ Wind doth the Duke iuteudf” Sir Christopher asked
“ Indeed, Sir, I know not. 'T is said by sonic that lie will
raise tire West Country ; and by some that he will inarch r oit’u
into Cheshire, where Its hath many friends; and by others that
he will march upon London, and call upon all good Protestants
to rise and join him. We look to have uu army of twenty
thousand within a week. As for the King, it is doubted
whether he can raise a paltry five thousand to meet us.
Courage, Dad "—lie dar ed to call his father, the liev. Comfort
Kvkin, Doctor of Divinity, ‘ Dad ! "-and he clapped him
lnstilv upon the shoulder; “thou slralt mount the pulpit yet,
ay of Westminster Abbey if it so please you ! ”
' His father paid no heed to this conversation, being wrapt
'!'■ j know nob” said Sir Clrristoplu r, “ what to think. The
news is sadden. And yet—and yet ”-
“ We waste time,” cried my father, stamping Iris f ot.
“Ob’ we waste the time talking, What helps it to talk?
Every honest man must now be up and doing. Why, it is a
id (iu dutv laid upon us. The finger of Heaven is v.silde, I
sav ill this Out of the very sins of Charles Stuart hath the
in'-truiiieiit for the destruction of his race born forged. A
„i..j,r a H tv I sav. As for me, I must preaelr and exhort. As
lor niv sou. wiio was dead and yet liveth lie laid his
1 aid upon lianiabv’s shoulder—"time was when I prayed that
he might become*a godly minister of God’s Word,
peivcive clearly that the Lord hath ways of His own.
shall ti'dit and I shall preach. Perhaps lie will rise art
another Cromwell!"- Bam,ibv grinned.'
“ Sir," said lay fatlu r, turning hotly upon Ins Honour, “ I
TI Teem’that thoii art lukewarm. If the cause be the Lord's,
what matter for the chances? The issue is ill the hands of the
I ord As for me and mv household, we will-serve the Lord.
Yea, I freely offer myself, nnd my son, and my wife, and my
daughter- even my tender daughter—to the cause of the Lord.
Young men and maidens, old men and children, the Voice of
the Lord callcth! ” , , ' . ,
Nobodv made rcplv; my father looked before linn, as if lie
, iw in the twilight of the summer night a vision of what was
to follow. His face, as lie gazed, changed. IDs eyes which
were fierce and fiery, softrued. His lips smiled, Then he
turned bis face and looked upon each of us in turn-upon his
son end upon his wife ami upon me, upon liobin and rij.on Sir
Christopher. I It is. indeed,” he said, “ the Will of the I-ord.
Why, what though the end be violent dentil to me, and to all
of us ruin uml diVastev? Wc do but share the aiilu tions fore¬
told in the Vision of the flasket of Summer I 1 nut. \Ylmt is
death ? Wlmt is the loss of «arthlv things compared with wlmt
shall follow to those who obey the Voice that calls-r Chil.lrcn,
let us up and be doing. As for me, I shall have a season ot
freedom before 1 die. For twuity-fivc years have I been
muzzled or compelled to whisper and mutter in comers and
hiding-places. 1 have been a dumb dog. I, whose heart was
full and overflowing with the sweet and precious Word of God:
I. to whom it is not life but death to sit in silence ! *so\v, I
shall deliver my soul before I die. Sirs, the Lord hath given to
everv man a weapon or two with which to tight. To me he hath
given an eve and a tongue for discerning and proclaiming the
word of sacred doctrine. T have, been muzzled—a dumb dog,
I sav - though sometimes I have been forced to climb ftihoug
the hills and speak to the bending tree-tops. Now I shall be
free again, and I will speak, and all the ends of the earth shall
hear.”
His eyes gleamed, he panted and gapped, and waved Ins
arms.
*• As for sister, Dad,” said Barnaby, “she and mother may
bide at home.”
“No; they shall go' with me. I offer my wife, my son,
my daughter, and myself to the cause of the Lord.”
“A camp is but a rough place for a womau,” said Barnaby.
“ She is offered ; she is dedicated; she shall go with us.”
I know not what wus in his mind, or why he wished that I
should go with him, unless it wus a desire to give everything
that lie had—to hold back nothing—to the Lord; therefore
he would give his children as well ns himself. As for me, my
heart glowed to think that l was even worthy to join in such a
cause. What could a woman do ? But that I should find out.
“ Robin,” I whispered, “ ? tis Religion calls. If I am to be
among the followers of the Duke, thou wilt not remain
behind?”
“Child”—it was my mother who whispered to me; I had
not seen her before—“Child, let us obey him. Perhaps it
will be better for him if we ore at his side. And there is
Barnaby. But wc must not be in their way. We shall find a
place to sit aside and wait. Alas ! that my son hath returned
to us only to go fighting. We will go with them, daughter.”
“We should be better without women,” said Barnaby,
grumbling; “ I would as lief have a woman on shipboard as
in a camp. To be sure, if Dad has set his heart upon it—and
then he will not stay long in camp, where the cursing of the
men is already loud enough to scare a preacher out of his
cassock. Dad* I say -But my father was fallen again
into a kind of rapture, nnd heard nothing.
“ When doth the Duke begin his march ? ” he said suddenly.
“ I know’ not. But we shall find him, never fear.”
“ I must have speech with him at the earliest possible time.
Homs are precious, and we waste them— we waste them.”
“Well, Sir, it is bedtime. To-morrow we can ride;
unless, became it is the Sabbath, you would choose to wait
till Monday. And as to the women, by your leave, it is
madness to bring them to a camp.”
“ Wait till Monday ? Art thou mad, Barnabv ? Art thou
mad ? Why, I have things to tell the Duke. Shall we waste
eight precious hours? Vp .’ let us ride all night. To-morrow
is the Sabbath, and I will preach. Yea—I will preach. My
soul Iougeth—yen, even it fuinteth. for the Courts of the
Lord. Quick ’.‘quick ! let us mount and ride all night”
At this moment Humphrey joined us.
“ Lads,” said Sir Christopher, “ you are fresh from Holland.
Knew' you aught of this ? ”
“ sir,” said Humphrey, “ I confess that I have alreat v told
Dr. Kvkin what to expert. I knew’ that the Duke was coming.
Robin did not know, because 1 would not drug him into the
conspiracy. I knew that the Duke was coming, and that without
delay. 1 have myself had speech in Amsterdam with his
Grace, who comes to restore the Protestant religion and to give
freedom of worship to all good Protestant people. His friends
have promises of support everywhere. Indeed, S.r, I think
that the expedition is well planned, and is certain of support.
Success is in the hands of the Lord; but wc do not expect that
tlieTe will be any serious opposition. With submission. Sir, 1
am under promise to join the Duke. I eamc over in advance
to warn his friends, as I rode from London, of his approach.
Thousands arc waiting in readiness l'or him. But, Sir, of all
this, 1 repeat, Robin knew nothing. I have been for three
months in the councils of those who desire to drive forth the
Popish King, but Robin have I kept in the dark.”
“ Humphrey,” said Robin, reproachfully, “am not I, also,
a Proteitant? ”
<7« r,, i
JVow Heady—St ctmtl Edition, of
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THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
The extraordinary weather of this summer has not beer,
peculiar to our island, but has affected the whole Continent
nlso. Lucerne flooded—the “ Devil's Bridge," that Turner
painted and that everybody knew, injured by continuous
rain —and southern France itself cold nnd cheerless in
July ! We, with our proverbial bad climate, surely have 1:0
right to complain that Goodwood lawns were like a swamp,
and that people had to walk about them on planks. For the
Cowes yachting, however, the weather has improved ; and
at the "French coast people have suddenly found it hot
enough to spend their usual quantum of daily life in the sea.
Tho Parisiemie's bathing - gown is not the least carefully
thought out cf her toilettes. On the shingle in front of tho
Casino figures may he seen daintily descending from the
bathing "tents to* the surf, clad in elaborate bifurcated
garments of faille in light colours, with rovers, parements,
belts. Ac., in contrasting tints, tennis flannels in bright
stripes, or pretty cottons, folly trimmed with embroideries
and laces. Shoes ore a necessity on the stony shore ; and
Russian leather, or kid. or, at worst, canvas shoes, to precisely
match the costume in colour, are necessary. Your trno
Parisienno, again, would never think of makiug her hair
all rough and untidy by thoroughly wetting it in sea-water
daily. ^Rumour says that the proper thing to do is to have a
special coiffure to wear in the sea—a coiffure, that is, of course,
that comes complete out of a band-box. But whether this be so
or not, certainly whatever splashes the tresses may receive are
accidental. not intentional; for the heads are guarded by
smart, big bats being worn in tho water. The fashion is nil
(whether for bathing or walking lints) for the flat-crowned
liig-brimmcd straw chapeaux called “La Tosca," after the
costumes worn in her new play by the actress who fills tho
role of on Empress in the world of fashion for Paris. These
Directoirc hats are trimmed with much finerihhon, silk gauze,
and wreaths of the most natural-looking flowers ; and a dis¬
creet wearer will bob about daily in the water here for the
entire six weeks of her season withoutsplashing cne bow or one
' They are so thorough, these Frenchwomen ! It is in the
same country where nearly every business establishment hns
its books kept and its finances managed by women, that the
most amazing illustrations of feminine folly and frivolity are
also found. The same vitality and eagerness that make Madame
Bourgeoise so admirable a director of serious affairs make
Madame Mondaine so perfect an illustration of waste and wild
doings. A great lady wound up this season in Paris by giving
a dogs' dinner-party and reception. Her invitations were sent
out elaborately engraved in her own poodle's name : “ Mdlle.
Fanchette recpiestcd the honour of the company or Mdlle. Bebo
at dinner at the house of Madame la Marquise de-." Tho
menu was printed on the card of invitation, and was, by
way of being witty : “ tripe a la mode, boenf cheval saute,” and
so on. This stupid prank was carried out to the end, the dogs
being turned loose with quantities of foed in a big hall, while
(lteir owners watched the proceedings from a high gallery;
but a few free fights, as anybody will readily understand who
has been in the kennels at feeding-time and seen the dis¬
ciplinary precautions there found needful, soon put an end to
the hilarity. Yet the women who are reduced to such depths
as these in search of amusement arc the fellow-countrywoman—
1 do not say of one of the greatest living painters. Rosa Bon-
heur, or of’one of the greatest authors of the century. George
Gaud_I say merely, the countrywomen of thousands of most
industrious and capable heads of businesses of their own sex !
The sad and early death of Mr. Frank Holl, removing one
of tho verv beat of our portrait-painters in the prime of his
powers, reminds one of the curious fact that an artist so
successful with men's portraits had never painted a strikingly
fine likeness of a woman. This is, I think, fairly to be called
a curious fact: hut it is h.v no means a new one. Sir Joshua
Reynolds painted many of the sterner sox. and some of these
works arc doubtless fine portraits ; hut in depicting women lay
///-special strength. When wclie.tr of "a Sir Joshua," without
further description, surely the image that comes before every
mental eye is that of a'fair dame with pow dered hair and
gracious face and flowing yet folded robes .’ With Romney, this
i’s even more decidedly th’c case : who can recall a male portrait
by Romney, and who eannot remember vividly the type of his
female portraiture.’ There are other artists besides Frank
Holl, too. who arc essentially painters of men. I'cr instance,
there is Vandyke. He had female sitters, and made admirable
pictures from them ; but somehow they arc not characteristicof
the artist—" a Vandyke" is a man's portrait as surely as “aSir
Joshua " is a woman's.
It is so in literature, indeed, as well. Men's admired hooks
arc only in the rare cases of the roasters of their art women's
admired hooks also. All the world of taste is constrained to
admit and delight in the truth of the portraiture of life and the
perfect art of the workmanship in the writings of a Sliakspearo
or a Jane Austen—(I hold my breath as I make the daring
conjunction, but still I dare ; for have not Macaulay and
Tennyson led the way for me ?)—but, on the other hand, urns
not Fielding the man's novelist and Richardson the ladies' ? Mas
not Thackeray the delight of clubs and critics, while Dickens
made his fame and fortune out of the domestic circles where
women give the tone ? Doubtless many an author whese purse
and whose pride flourished in his day under female approbation
is forgotten ; while Sterne and Swift and Smollett, disappointed
in their lives, are remembered by posterity ; for to an author
the applause of women means to be in liis own day bought,
paid, and popularised ; but it is men who have in all ) ast
times awarded permanent fame by their monopoly of criticism
nnd their claim to superior judgment. Nay, at this very day
there are men “ written up" by other men in the columns of
leading new spapers whom women can scarcely manage lo
read, and to whom, therefore, literature is but a poor pro¬
fession. however they may bold their heads high and count
themselves as the masters of their art—for it is mostly women
who read, at all events, light literature. Yes ; there arc men 3
men and women, and women's men and women, in every art,
as well as in that of portrait-painting !
l’eoplo who arc going out of town are respectfully ad¬
monished not to forget the domestic cat. but to put it on
board wages. Few houses are simply shut np and left: hut
tho caretaker, unless specially requested to look after pussy
nnd provided with the meagre funds that mean everything to
that poor dependant, may drive it out, and refnse to attend to
the calls of its butcher. In those cases whore the house is
entirely closed, so that there is nobody to feed and shelter the
■ humblest of the domestics of the house, then the only nicieiml
course is to send the cat to the Dogs' Home at Battersea, to bo
either boarded or painlessly put to the last sleep in the lethal
chamber. This latter service is performed for a payment ot a
shilling or two, and the animal, placed in a closet filled with
slumberous vapours, simply sleeps away existence. 1 he example
of the Queen may be cited to these who are reckless about tko
fate of a cat. Her Majesty's fondness for dogs is well know n ;
but eats share in the Royal regard. Whenever l nr J.ajrsty
moves the Court, all tho animals of the household are taken
also. Florence Fenwick-Milleb.
AUG. 18, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
191
NEW BOOKS.
Corretpondmee of Wagner and Lhzt. Translated by Francis
Ilueffer. Ttvo vols. (H. Grevel and Co., King-street, Covent-
garden).—The personal acquaintance, begun in 1840, between
the eminent Hungarian musician and the great German com¬
poser. who afterwards married the daughter of Liszt, was an
interesting example of mutual benefits from tho frank anil
cordial association of two men of genius. This is well ex¬
plained in the translator's preface to these volumes, which arc
filled with their letters—above three hundred—written to each
other during twenty years, and containing, besides an immense
variety of details of professional business and of private
life, having much biographical interest, many expressions of
thought and feeling with regard to musical, dramatic, and
poetic art, and to the ideal harmony of imaginative creations,
by which the mind of Wagner was haunted. It is Wagner,
undoubtedly, who appears tho more leading and commanding
spirit in such discussions : and his apostolic, heroic, enthusi¬
astic seal for the exhibition of principles which most per¬
sons of mature aesthetic culture will admit to be theoret¬
ically true, displays itself forcibly in correspondence with
his intimate ally. Liszt, though not two years his senior,
had already gained high worldly celebrity when the
author of “Taunhauser” and “Lohengrin” was a dis¬
appointed exile; and his knowledge of the actual standard
of taste and the prevailing mental habits of fashionable patrons
and critics, especially in Paris and other European capitals,
mado him fear lest Wagner's genius, which he at once dis¬
cerned, should he “super-ideal” in tendency, and should
thereby fail of success. On tho higher ground of seeking the
•• Wahre. Gute, Ganze," or the “ Walire, Gute, Schone," whether
or not it please the vulgar, these men could hardly differ;
but their intellectual constitutions were so far dissimilar that
Liszt cannot be supposed to havo thoroughly penetrated into
all Wagner's refined metaphysical conceptions, which lie
endeavoured to represent by artistic symbolism. The romantic
impression, and also tho religions significance, of some of
Wagner’s characteristic designs, appealed to the capacity of
Liszt for enthusiastic adherence. Ho was earnest, in tho
championship of a genuinely inspired, serious, and original
kind of art. entirely German, which should be opposed to that
of Meyerbeer's and Verdi's popular operas. He found this in
Wagner, as ho thought, and ho became attached to the man,
con tinning frequent acts of kindness to him. anil various friendly
services in domestic affairs, vhilo aiding tho production of his
works, and recommending them by occasional notices in the
critical journals. The character of Liszt, os shown in these
transactions, is really admirable : “ How good, how prodent,
how delicate and patient he is, that l know," says another of
Wagner's correspondents. Wagner was duly grateful: and in
his pecuniary straits, when living at Zurich, forbidden ns an
outlawed Republican of 1843 to re-onter Germany, and vexed
by the bad performance and wretched money profits of his
romantic operas, he accepted thankfully his friend's unwearied
efforts on his behalf. The years 1854 and 1855, from the
beginning of the second volume of these interesting letters
were a period of severe trial for Wagner ; ho was in the middle
of his great work, the trilogy of the Nibelungen. having
finished .the “Rhineg’old.” and being engaged on tho
' alkyrie." He felt that only for that work he cared at all to
live: yet the clianceof its ever being performed or published was
very problematical; his “Tantilmnser” and “Lohengrin" had
been abandoned to mean and sordid jobbers; and he was sorely in
want of a modest incomo to go on with for a little wliile.
Liszt, who was an excellent man of business, and was con¬
ductor of the Grand Duke’s Coart music at Weimar, though
not rich, helped W uglier as much as he could, managed his affairs
at Iierlin for him, and led Princess Caroline, whose letters to
H agner are noble womanly,and sweetly sympathetic, to nsc her
influence on his behalf. Amidst many details that now seem
trivial, but which wore very important to poor Wagner at the
“™ e : We , ““Off™ 18 of thought and sentiment like this—
speaking of the difficulty of creating a new idea, that of
an original poetical or artistic conception, a new moral or
m nd‘ OUB “ t Wh b ’ 0ra *‘T ial ° r P° litical reform, in the public
mind — when a sculptor wants to make a beautiful statue
U tat*^- “ “ r mrble 1 and wea ™ 8 his strength In cutting
U, but granite and marble are less hard than the heart of
. Ihe sculptor, unless he dies, finishes his statue • when
oxciusio;, from , 8 ? me «.® r “ a:1 enthusiast."' His prolo„g„l
hindrance to obtaini,™
l«st labours. y c t, whfn ^Is^ Tsne dTrec"iv for Ms KteoV
KiHgo'fSaronv I^hnlT , fortitnde lo "Tb', “The letter to the
to utter any n,M in it Tb C | “n°" e : l8hould not klK ' w
-'o not care to teU L w " on ! c ‘ comprehend; ami I
bat in hnfWk Dmna Commedia” is a coed work of ait •
£££ ttluEiii 0 whi ? h S
-SrweH®
"; bll c we create . all the ® wc . are ” hc «iys. ' only
iffiV5 o^iXhumm, *3*?^^concetoionsto 0 .'he
«5t,,o-o™ ,„j
xad hi* OI ? n « °. f the ace 1. and one of the
of SchoS flc,al ^on of tUdCli n ° fc P hilo ®°pber;
of .^TS^aaor, a t » tae *“ a Mow and gloom v View*
may be/i 1 j 90 “° other wav if nns* pre8 ? lon - which may be
and* °f the Futoro’ tS-‘ > U8t iu hi » own way and
to him!?, ver?we? nSla ' i0 ',‘ of K*
he an'T/iG'
00 C0Q certs of the o Pi"?,/ t,I - v ’ 185r ». when
Uld ™barmouic Society,
got some of bis works represented here, and was introduced to
the Queen and Prince Albert. The last of the correspondence
here published leaves this German Dante of modern music at
Paris, still an exile from the Fatherland, still far from the
happy incident of an invitation from the late King of Bavaria,
THE RIGHT REV. W. STUBBS, D.D.,
THE SEW KISH01’ OF OXFORD.
calling him to Munich and Bayreuth, and to theatres specially
erected for the representation of his works.
Jfridnccll Hoyal Hospital , Past and Present. as a Palace,
Hospital. Prison, and Srhool. By Alfred James Copeland,
F.s.A. (Wells. Gardner. Darfcon, and Co.).—The author of this
volume holds the office of Treasurer of the Royal Hospitals of
Bridewell and Bethlehem, two of the most important charit¬
able foundations in London, the management of both having
always been vested in one body of governors, among whom
the City Court of Aldermen and the Common Council of the
City are officially represented. While the fame of Bethlehem,
a name more usually written •* Bethleiu ” in these days, and in
former days pronounced “Bedlam,*’ has been widely’extended
by its identification with the great lunatic asylum, which is now
one of the best-managed institutions of its kind, we suspect that
the preaentdestination of •• Bridewell” is not so generally known.
This name, indeed, was for many generations typically associated
with the idea of a prison, or house of penal correction ; and
such it was. indeed, from the Elizabethan ago. though at first
used specially for disorderly apprentices, and latterly again
for the reformatory discipline of juvenile offenders, until the
middle of the nineteenth century. Bridewell is now the head¬
quarters establishment of a valuable educational institution
called “King Edward's Schools,” having nothing of a penal
character ; the Boys’ School is established nt Witlev, near
Godaiming, in Surrey ; and the Girls Echool is in Southwark,
plear&nt opeu piece of water, and its western lank, with nil
the ground adjacent up the Thames, was a verdant paradise of
meadow aud woodland. The King’s Castle there is mentioned
in the reign of William I., and again in that of Henry I.. and
King Henry III. and King John appear to have sometimes
resided at Bridewell. Coming down to King Henry VIII., the
palace seems to have been repaired by that monarch for
occasional Royal use ; as when the Emperor Charles V.,
visiting London in l"i22, was lodged in the Blackfriars
monastery, a covered gallery from Bridewell was constructed
across the Fleet; and again, in 1528 and 15211. when
the Papal Legate came to the conference on the law¬
fulness of the Kings marriage with Queen Catherine,
this palace was the abode of the King and Queen. A
Parliament was held at Bridewell in 1525, and the King held
his Court here to create several new Peers. His Majesty, not
unnaturally, took a dislike to the place, after the affair of bis
divorce, and it ceased to be a Royal dwelling. The young
King Edward VI., being moved to religious charity by the
preaching of Bishop Ridley, consented, by the advice of Aider-
man Sir Richard Dobbs, Lord Mayor of London, to bestow the
house of Bridewell for what we should now call an “ indus¬
trial training-school” and “reformatory school,” to the cost of
which liberal contributions were made by the City. It was
part of a grand series of measures for the remedy of ignorance,
vagrancy, and vice, and for the relief of the diseased, tho
infirm, the destitute, and the orphan in London ; the founda¬
tion of Christ's Hospital, St Bartholomew’s, St. Thomas's, nnd
Bethlehem, about the Bamc time, went hand in hand with that
of Bridewell. The readers of Mr. Copeland's book, which from
this point gains in anecdotic interest, will observe that a com¬
plete perversion of the original design, with many abuses of
prison administration, and especially with much cruel treat¬
ment of women, got into the management of Bridewell,
prevailing in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries to a
shameful degree. Girls and women, for instance, were stripped
partly naked to be flogged by a man, in the presence of the
men and boys. The present state of things affords a grati¬
fying contrast : and the ancient name of Bridewell is con¬
nected only with the efficient administration of an eminently
philanthropic institution. This volume, which also contains
an account of the Fleet river and the great changes in its
condition, is adorned with several portraits and views of places
and buildings.
THE NEW BISHOP OF OXFORD.
The Right Rev. William Stub!)?, D.D., who has been translated
from the Sec of Chester to that of Oxford, is tha son of Mr.
W. Morley Stubbs, of Knaresborough, and was born in that
town on June 21, 1325. He graduated at Christ Church,
Oxford, obtaining first-class classical honours in 1848, and was
elected Fellow of Trinity in the same year. He obtained many
other University distinctions, and the honorary degree of
LL.D. of Cambridge in 1879, and of Edinburgh in 1880. In
1886 the University of Heidelberg gave him the honorary
degree of Doctor in utroque jure. He was ordained deacon in
1848, priest in 1850, and consecrated Bishop of Chester in 1884.
Dr. Stubbs was Vicar of Navestock from 1S50 to 1867, and
Rector of Cholderton, Wilts, from 1875 to 1879. He was a
Canon residentiary of St. Paul's from 1879 to 1884, is a trustee
of the National Portrait Gallery, and a member of the Royal
Commission on Historical Manuscripts. Dr. Stubbs filled for
several years with great distinction the office of Regius Pro¬
fessor of Modern History at Oxford, and has published many
valuable works, marked by great learning and research, illus¬
trative of English constitutional history from the earliest
times. Bishop Stubbs is honorary member of many foreign
scientific and literary societies. He married, in 1859, Catharine,
daughter of Mr. John Dellon, of Navestock.
THE LATE DEAN OF CHICHESTER.
The Very Rev. John William Burgon, B.D., Dean of Chichester,
who died on Ang. 5, was an able theological and ecclesiastical
controversialist, and a learned scholar, whose career in those
branches of study began later in life than is nsnal with
clergymen. He was born in 1816, the son of a London City
merchant having business at Smyrna, and early gained an
acquaintance with tho history of Greece, Syria, and the
ancient Eastern Churches. He preferred literary to commercial
pursuits, wrote several treatises, and a “ Life of Sir Thomas
Gresham,"in 1839, nnd became a student of Worcester College,
Oxford, where he took his degree in 1845, with second-class
honours; he gained also the Newdigate prize for a poem on
the ruins of Petra, the Denyer Theological Essay prize and
the Ellerton Theological prize, and was elected to a Fellowship
of Oriel College. He was admitted into holy orders bv
Bishop Wilberforce in 1849 and the following year. He held
one of the Select Preacherships in the University in 1860-61, and
from 1863 down to 1875 he was Vicar of St. Mary's, Oxford. He
also delivered lectures in Divinity at Gresham College, London.
His activity in religious and political discussions, as a Con¬
servative High Chnrchman not of the Tractorian or Ritualist
school, and his literary productions, made him a man of mark;
and in 1875, on the death of Dr. Hook, he was appointed Dean
of Chichester. He was author of many pamphlets, reviews
and memoirs, written with much force and ability; also of
volumes of sermons, an “ Historical Account of the Colleges of
Oxford, ’" Codices Socri, at Home and Abroad,” and “ Evnngelia
Manuscripts in Foreign Libraries,” these being works of high
THK LATE VERY REV, 4. W. BUBGON, J.D.,
DBAS OF CHICHESTER.
Thc band *>“* building
psffepps
Bridewell, or “St. Bride? Well^t t ?1 “ 0e ! ° r Castle of
the Danish Churoh of "t Bri.ta lts name from
water.or well, believed to ha^ mi^' .ion 0 ,?, a , h ° ly 8 P rin fr of
MESSRS. PHILIP'S MINIATURE ATLASES.
A Handy-Volume Atlas of Australasia has jnst been published
by Messrs. George Philip and Son, of 32, Fleet-street, uniform
witb their admirable Atlases of the World and the Rritish
hmptre. It contains thirty maps and plans of Qneemdand,
hew South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, West Australia,
.mania, New Zealand, British New Guinea, and Fiji. The
situe publishers have issued a Handy-Volume Atlas of British
America, containing thirt . v “»P» and plans of Canada, New f ound-
,lrit - sh Honduras, British Guiana, and
the Falkland Islands. All these compact and clearly-printed
“TT > x, W ° J rk V? itable for P 00 ^ 1 or desk, and rightly
named 'Handy Volumes," are supplied with indexes and
session* S ° l Arts o£Fcr P rile * to ort-workmen for the
STolS . fa P° tt .® ry ’ Mone-carving, wronght-iron work,
and goldsmiths and silversmiths' work. The prizes in tho
last class are presented by the Goldsmiths' Company, and are
fZtt Z V c “? ° r 8u « ar - bash ' <‘ f t**<»n silver, chased or
} lnet ? n P rlre8 are offered in the class of pottery,
£nd E™ e r Cla88 0t te the capital of a S
? ' Vr0 “« ht - lron 8 rill e. AH articles for com-
petition mast be sent m to the society ’a house on or before
nrit^Yrooff" L? 3, ,8 |? 9 ' , The oouditions under which these
tej of LSr tol °“ a PP licatiou to tho score.
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEW)
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Aio. 18, 1888 — 103
1UKTHDAY CONGRATULATIONS.
AFTER THE FAINTING BY T«. VON „„ BBSl .
From a Photogniph by A. Schflnen. DOwidorf.
*
I.
THE ILLUSTRATE]) LONDON NEWS
AUG. 18, 1888
194
THE WRECK OF THE COPELAND.
BY II. RIDER II AGO A RD.
The steamer Copeland, of about 1000 tons register, bound for
Leith, sailed from Reykjavik, Iceland, on the morning of
Friday. July 20. with a cargo of 480 ponies and eleven pas¬
sengers—namely. Major-General Bevan Edwards, C.B.. Captain
Miles, Messrs. Williams (two), Ross, Warner. Rider Haggard,
two servants, and an Icelandic lady and baby. The ponies,
rough hardy creatures, averaging thirteen hands, were shipped
from the beach in large boats, about ten to a boat, and then
hoisted on board with the donkey engine. It may be doubted
if any other breed of horses could have borne
such rough-and-ready treatment as is meted out
tc these unfortunate animals without breaking
their limbs or dashing themselves to pieces
with fright. Onco on board they were stowed
in the holds, between decks, and, to the number
of about fifty, on the deck itself—being packed
a* closely as herrings in a barrel.
The Copeland left harbour in a dead calm,
but by breakfast time she was labouring through
a head sea and half a gale of wind from the
north-east. This gale blew with cver-increasing
strength, and with the steadiness of a monsoon,
for four days. On July 23 it became so violent
that the vessel could no longer plunge through
it at half-speed, and Captain Thompson was
forced to lay her head on to the seas, merely
keeping enough way to hold her in that posi¬
tion. The situation now had the charm of un¬
certainty. Owing to the presence of the ponies
i' was impossible to batten down the holds, for
te do so would have been to suffocate them.
Oc the other hand, the risk of riding out such
n gale in a ship of which the spar deck ceased
forward at the bridge, with three yawning
hatchways ready to receive the water, was
M>viouB to the most inexperienced observer.
Sc long as the vessel’s head could be kept to
the seas she was fairly safe : for although she
shipped water, it did not reach the holds in any
f;r»ai.titj. But in the event of anything happen¬
ing to her steering gear—which, to judge from
the precautions taken to strengthen the chain,
did not appear to bo in the soundest condition
—or, worse still, to the machinery—and cither
event might well have happened in so severe 1
and prolonged a gale—it would certainly seem
that she must have come broadside on to the seas, to fill
and sink before her hatches could have been closed. The
truth is that if they can possibly avoid it, passengers
should never travel in vessels laden with the most dangerous
cf cargoes, live stock, unless they are specially built and fitted
for the trade.
During the afternoon and night of the 23rd the
weather grew still worse than it had been, and the
discomfort of the voyage, even to those who were not sea¬
sick. was a thing to be remembered. It is reported that
Mr. Oscar -Wilde does not think much of the Atlantic. Had
te been or. board the Copeland it is probable that he would
hav6 changed his opinion. It became impossible to stand
upon the wet decks without support; and to cling to a rail or
rope with the spray whipping one’s face and watch the great
grey seas rush down upon the ship in an endless succession,
f reaking over her bow with a cloud of foam, as one by one
kU cliucbeu their mountainous steeps, is an occupation that in
course of time affects the spirits even to tho point of prolonged
letiecticr. upon one's testamentary arrangements. Below,
matters were scarcely better. The only thing to do was to cat
and drink and everybody knows what that means in a heavy
gale ; and. when this became impossible, to lie upon the stern
solas and try to read. Bat who can rend when every few
minutes u black mass surges up over the screwed port¬
holes, through which, tight as they are, the water squirts,
and then as the vessel settles falls upon the poop above
with a heavy thud that shakes her from stem to stem,
and rushes to and fro across the decks with a long dreary
wash 1 1 believe that when a ship goes through this per¬
formance, it is known in nautical language as “dipping her
tail." Certainly the Copeland dipped hers with such vigour
that we began almost to think it would fall off altogether.
But if the lot of the passengers was bad, and that
of the unfortunate, overworked, and sodden
ctew worse, the ponies were, after all, the
most tc he pitied. For days those on the
deck were soaked hour after hour by the seas,
pierced by the wind, frightened by the turmoil,
and dashed backwards and forwards by the
violent unceasing motion. One by one the
weaker animals succumbed, fell, and after some
hour*- ol misery, died. Anything more pitiful
than the sight of these dead and dying ponies
1 never saw. It certainly does not seem right
that the owners of vessels should be allowed
tc carry live-stock upon the upper deck without
providing them with som6 shelter from the
w eather. '1 heir terror alone must be very great.
] saw one poor animal, when a big sea came
among them, make a most determined effort to
spring over the railing of the hatch down into
the hold. It wonld have succeeded had not a
sailor who was by caught it by the tail and
dragged it back. Wo lost about fifteen ponies
Irorn exposure, and it speaks well for their con¬
stitutions that wc did not lose many more.
About four o'clock on the morning of the
V4fch the gale lulled a little, and the Captain
tried to drive ahead, with the result that wo
\%ete all nearly shaken out of our berths. Very
aoon, however, he abandoned the attempt, the
strain on the ship and machinery being too
great. As it was, the man steering was, on
two or three occasions, thrown right over the
wheel. About eleven in the forenoon, however,
the weather suddenly cleared, and we pursned
our voyage without further interruption. Next
morning at breakfast time we found ourselves
slowly steaming through the Pentland Firth,
and enveloped in a soft white mist. There are,
as the reader may he aware, few more dangerous waters to
navigate in foggy weather than this Firth, with its violent
current running at twelve knots an hour. About ten o'clock
wo arrived off Thurso, every few minutes loudly blowing our
steam fog-horn, which was answered by some invisible vessel
in our vicinity. Here, as usual, a boat came off to take
telegrams, its owner assuring us. as he departed, that the fog
would lift with the turn of the tide.
It would have l>een well for us if we had stopped here,
hut the question of the ponies again came in. I understand
that owing to the length of our voyage, which would
ia ordinary circumstances hr to been accomplished in three
days and a half, only enough bay was left to provide the
unfortunate animals with otic more feed, whereas we could
not. at the best., reach Leith in less than twenty hours. I
believe it was this question of hay that forced the Captain
to take the risk and push on. All went well for
nearly an hour and a half. The mist was still thick,
but'the sea was quite calm, and the passengers, who had
ceased to he sea-sick, were standing about the deck talking
of Iceland and salmon rivers. Presently, glancing over the
stern, I saw by the track in the water that tho ship's conrsc
had been altered two points. Had that alteration never been
made the Copeland would net have been at tho bottom of the
sea to-day. The Captain, believing that we had passed the
rocky island of Stroma, was standing in two minutes too soon.
All of a sudden the curtain of the mist seemed to be drawn
up before our eyes, and there—not more than a hundred yards
in front of us—we saw a field of breakers, and the current
boiling over the rocks: while right ahead something huge
loomed up through the heavy air. We looked at each other,
but I do not remember that anybody spoke. For my
part, I knew what was coming, and concentrated my atten¬
tion on the development of the drama. The Captain and,
I think, the first mate, were on the bridge. The engine-bell
rang loudly, and the screw stopped : again the bell rang, and
the engines began to go full-steam astern. But, although we
were only running half-speed, the way we had on and the tide
overpowered the screw, and we glided quickly through tho
deep, quiet water towards the lip of the breakers. Another
few seconds and we were in them. Then with a succession of
long and grinding, but comparatively gentle, shocks, the end
came, and the Copeland stopped for the last time.
In an instant all was confusion—the escaping steam began
to roar, the crew bustled along the decks, and the firemen
tumbled up through the hatches, presently to be sent down to
rake out the fires before the water reached the boilers. As for
the passengers, having remarked to each other it was “ a case,”
they went below to try and save their gear. Fortunately,
with the exception of the Icelandic lady and the stewardess,
there were no women on board. What would have happened
if the Copeland had been carrying five hundred emigrants, ns
on previous voyages, it is difficult to say. There was no panic,
for the ponies could not demonstrate against death by drowning.
Personally, having bundled my things into a bag, I was, in
common with my fellow-passengers, preparing myself for the
privations of shipwreck by filling my flask and drinking a
bottle of beer, when I felt the ship slip and give a* sickening
ON STROMA, ORKNEY ISLANDS: COLLECTING BACGA
quiver that caused me to finish the beer and leave the saloon with
more haste than dignity. On deck the sailors were trying to get
out the boats, but, as somebody remarked, they almost seemed to
be “ screwed down,” and when at last they were lifted off their
supports, to have a strange propensity to go into the water
any way except on a level keel; indeed, one of the passengers
heard a sailor asking the steward for caulks to stop the holes
by which the bilge water is allowed to escape: so altogether the
prospect of rescue by means of the boats in the event of the
sudden foundering of the ship was not bright. Wo had,
however, been observed from the shore, for the dark mass that
we had seen beyond the breakers proved to he the island of
Stroma, the southernmost of the Orkneys, and in a few minutes,
to onr comfort, several good boats were lying close to ns.
Presently a Stroma man from one of them boarded the ship,
and as we stood wondering what was going to happen next,
and watching the boiling of the water about our sides, became
running aft. He was a hand some-looking man, with wild
eyes and flying hair, and as he came he spoke words of weight :
‘•Get off of this.” In* said. •• ’1 here's five feet of water in j.cr
hold, and sixty fathom under her stern. She’s only hanging
on the rocks: she'll slip off presently aud go down by He
stern, and drown every man of you ! ”
Then we began to think that it was time to make a
move, and I will confess that during a some¬
what varied career I never spent a more un¬
pleasant quarter of an hour than I did
1 et ween the arrival of the gentleman with warn¬
ing in his voice and our final escape. It is
irritating to ho sucked down and drowned in
the wake of a sinking ship; and in calm
weather, within sight of shore, it seems un¬
necessary. So we called to the men in one of
the boats—for our own were still dangling—
and asked if they could take us off ! They
answered that they could if we could come
down to them. This, having obtained the
Captain's sanction, and, what was even mere
necessary, a rope-ladder, we went on to do
decently and in order, bnt still without unneces¬
sary delay. When we were descending. Captain
Miles suddenly remembered the Icelandic lady
and her baby. She had vanished into tho
smoking-room four days before, and been quite
forgotten. Not even shipwreck had brought
her out. He fetched her, and she came down
into the boat, baby and all. To judge from the
happy expression on her face, she did not in tk.«
least understand the position—probably, indeed,
she thought the ships usually unloaded Ihem-
rclves after this fashion. When once I was in
t’.ic boat my first care was to get np to the bow
and loosen the rope l»y which she was made
fast to the veer el, so that I could slip it at any
moment This l did because I remembered
that when the Teuton foundered under some¬
what similar circumstances on the coast of
South Africa, a boat containing thirty women
and children was dragged down with her. Tho
rope wee fast and nobody had a knife to cut it.
Happily, in our case, this emergency did not arise.
At length everybody was embarked, including the islander
who bad warned us, and with some relief we got away from the
ill-fated vessel. It was no more than a hundred yards to the
shore, hut even in that weather it was not too easy to get there.
A sunken reef over which the tide was boiling had to be
avoided, and the landing place consisted of sheer hard rocks
that it wonld he impossible to attempt in unfavourable cir¬
cumstances. In short, as we went we realised clearly enough
that had there been any sea on, or even an ocean swell remain¬
ing from the gale we had experienced, our escape would have
been practically impossible. No boats could live in it; to
swim would not, I think, lie feasible; and even supposing that
tho ship had held together and remained on the rocks for
sufficient time to allow of its being used, there is no rvrht
apparatus in Stroma ; nor, for the matter of that, is there a
life-boat, a fog-horn, or a lighthouse. Thus, had the state of
the weather been different, in the absence of a rocket apparatus,
every soul on board the Copeland mast, humanly speaking,
have been drowned. Some of the islanders begged us to mako
this want of apparatns known in the proper quarters, nnd, iu
the interest of those who may in the future find themselves in
the same uncertain position, I do what I can to that end.
We landed at last, and, having saved ourselves, liegan to
think about our luggage. It had all been dragged up on deck
with really remarkable promptitude as soon as the ship struck,
and now the sailors, who were still aboard, threw it into boats
alongside. So that in the end we saved it all. and even a
basket of food. Meanwhile, ns the vessel seemed to be fixed,
and gave no further signs of slipping backwards into tbo
deep water under her stern, great efforts were made to rescue
some of the ponies. About a hundred of the poor creatures
in the lower hold were drowned soon after the vessel struck ;
and it was said to he a pitiful sight to see them scrambling on
to each other's backs and trying to swim for their lives as the
water rusher! in. Those on the upper decks,
however, hail a better chance. It was only
necessary to throw them into the sea, and allow
them to swim to a rock that at low water pro¬
jects from the shore ; and in this way a bundred-
and-twenty ponies were saved before the rising
of ihe tide made it unsafe to continue opera¬
tions. Gathering confidence from the apparent
stability of the ship upon her rock, two of our
number who had ponies on her, Mr. Ross and
Mr. Williams, determined, very much against
the advice of those who had none, to return
aboard and see if they could save them. Wo
watched them get on to the ship, and before
they had been there long we heard a noise
something like the report of a guu, and saw her
how lift two feet or more out of the water.
“She’s going!" said simeone; but most
happily she did not go. The great rocks that
pierced her amidships sunk more deeply into
her vitals and held her. In doing so it pressed
up the mainmast several feet with such
tremendous force that the wire ropes cracked
and slipped, and the mast was shivered. Onr
friends and the others aboard rushed forward,
intending to throw themselves into the water
by the ship's bow, taking their chance of being
picked up or getting to shore, which, in the
state of the tide, wonld have been possible if
she had not rolled over upon them. But.,
fortunately, the rock checked her, and this did
not become necessary.
If the wreck of the Copeland bad been
designed by Mr. Augustus Harris for the
boards of Drury-Lane its surroundings could
GE. not have been more theatrically appropriate.
The peculiar character of the rocks and the
piles of baggage on them suggested a stage effect; so did
the picnicluncheon : the picturesque islanders in the back¬
ground ; and, more than all, the camera, produced in the nick
of time by Captain Miles from among the baggage, to the
presence of which I am indebted for the photographs that are
reproduced here. It shows how true melodrama is to life ! But
it was a melodrama with a serious side to it. and we were all
glad enough when at length, after about six hours stay, wc
succeeded in obtaining three boats to take ns nnd our baggage
across the Firth to the hotel near John-o’-Groat's, which is
about seventeen miles from Wick, the terminus of the High¬
land Railway. On getting into our boat we were a little
AUG. 18, 18SS
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
195
disturbed l»y 0,10 °I ^e crew v *°^ cnt ^ protesting against our
putting out without food or water. We asked why food ami
water were neeessarv for a two miles' row ! and it then trails*
pired that wo were liable to be carried ont to the open ocean,
where we might posdhly drift for days. However, we started.
Our course lay under the stern of the Copeland, round which
the full tide was now again sweeping in its strength, causing
the water-logged vessel to move ominously. Some time before
this the Captain and the remainder of the crew hail, as wo
thought, abandoned the ship, leaving more than Hi mi ponies
to their fate. As we passed under the stern, however, wo
became aware that there were still three men on board, who
shouted to ns to come and take them off. This, as there
seemed to bo nobody else to do it, we were forced to undertake.
We got to the ladder and hooked on—and a very disagreeable
position it was. for in that flood tide it was obvious that the
ship might come off the rock at any moment, and involve us
in her utter loss. What made it worse was that a petty officer
of the ship, who was one of I he t hree men left aboard, and in
whom shipwreck seemed to have indneed a certain confusion
of mind, would insist, in the most leisurely aiul deliberate
manner, in letting down an apparently endless coil of rope
into our boat. In vain did we abjure him, in the must vigorous
and appropriate language that we could command, to leave
his rope and come down. He forcibly refused, and. ns we
could not abandon him, we had to submit and take our chance.
At length ho condescended to follow the rope. We got him
and his companions ashore, and started again, and very thank¬
ful we were when, an hour and a half afterwards, wo found
ours Ives on the mainland. The last, and one of the most
painful s'ght.H that we saw, in connection with the unlucky
Copeland, was that of a pony, whose leg had been broken
as it was thrown overboard, standing on a rock with the wuUr
gradually rising over it. Let us ho|** that it was soon drowned !
And so ended the story of the Copland, now, doubtless, at t lie
bottom of the sea, together with her freight of pomes. In
conclusion. I wish to bear witness—and I am sure all iho other
passengers will indorse what 1 say—to the unfailing courtesy
and kindness which we met with at the hands of Captain
'1 hompson, to the skill with which he managed the ship during
the serious and prolonged gale that we encountered, and to
his complete calmness and self-control in the hour of disaster.
If a landsman may express an opinion, the loss of the vessel
wns entirely owing to the density of the fog. on one of the
most dangerous coasts of Great Britain, and to the want of
fodder, that forced him to press onward to port.
^°TE.—Many years ago, another vessel struck on the same
rock. There was a sea on that washed her over the rock, and
she foundered with all hands. While we were on Stroma, a
second steamer—the same, I believe, that had answered our
fog-horn--went ashore on the mainland. She got off. however,
having injured her bottom ; and I do not know what became
of her.
Major-General Dunne, commanding the Chatham district,
received the sanction of the Commander-in-Chief for a Royal
salute of twenty-one guns to be tired from Tilbury Fort on
Aug. s at noon, in commemoration of the three-hundredth
anniversary of Queen Elizabeth’s visit to Tilbury, on Aug. 8,
1588. for the pur]>ose of reviewing her troops assembled there
for the defence of the Kingdom, in the event of a Spanish
invasion.
“ BIRTHDAY CONGRATULATIONS.”
The young Friiulcin with the lnxnriant mass of black lrair—
she is. iHM'haps. more likely a native of the Walloon provinces
of Belgium than a North Oernmn—depicted by M. Von Dor
Boek in a picture at Ditsseldorf, which is reproduced in our
Engraving, has her friends, and will have more ardent
admirers when she grows a few years older. It is her
birthday—you may guess the thirteenth—and her fiiends,
or the members of her own family, have presented her with a
collection of line fruit, amidst which, piled on the dish that
she has lifted with both hands, lies a paper with German
writing addrcs-cd to herself, containing an expression, in
prose or verse, of their affectionate good wishes, and their fond
hopes, which we trust may 1 m? realised, for the happiness of
her future life. Sympathy with the bright visions of imagin¬
ative youth will be denied by no kindly-disposed observer ;
and the indications of an amiable character in this maiden's
face allow us to think that she will, if rightly guided, confirm
in advancing womanhood the beat anticipations of those who
feel most concerned in her welfare.
The report of the Select Committee on Town Holdings has
been issued. The report recommends the reappointment, of
the Committee next Session, for the purpose of taking fuithtr
evidence.
At a meeting of the council of the Royal Academy it lias
been unanimously agreed that a principal feature of the next
winter exhibition at Burlington House shall consist of a
representative selection of the works of the late Mr. P’rank
Moll, R.A.
WORKS OF Till: ALUMINUM COMPANY (LIMITF.D). AT OLDBURY. NF.AR BIRMINGHAM.
PAT£,
’A CK Of/KlUM INIUM fURJJ.
Al uH/'./uf-' ••
£M/.OR/\r
THE MANUFACTURE OF ALUMINIUM.
The usefulness of this metal, if a large supply of it conM have
boon procured at a reasonable esst, has long been rvcoguised.
It has great strength and ductility, weighs only a third of the
weight of iron or steel, and does not rust. As an alloy with
othermetals.it serves to impart tenacity and malleability to
them, and has been thus ns <1 to some extent. There was a
demand for it. but the supplv, chiefly in France by the Dcville
process, has been very small.' The problem of its economic pro¬
duction has been solved by the ingenuity of Mr. H, Y.t’astner,
whoisan American, about thirty years of age. At the School of
Mines, Columbia College, under the special guidance of Pro-
j^or C. T. Chandler, lie pursued a course in chemistry from
Bering the next four years, he practised ns a
public analyst in New York; but. in I ss*2. having erected one
of the finest laboratories in that city, be gave up active
btttiueas, and de\oted bis time exclusively to the study of
aluminium, and the methods of producing it. In the early
part of 1880, having invented the now' celebrated sodium pro-
ce * # » Mr. Ca.-d.ner cam) to England, and erected a small
wperimental plant in London. This having proved successful,
i \f^ Un ” n ' mn Company (Limited) *' was founded last year,
jud Mr. Costner was Appointed managing director. The works
nave been established at Oldbury, near Birmingham, for the
jnttuufacturo both of aluminium and sodium on a large com¬
mercial scale. On Saturday, July 28, they were visited by a
distinguished party of scientific men. among whom were
if Henry Roscoe, Sir Frederick Abel, Lord Rayleigh,
rofessor C. Roberts-Austen of the Mint, Dr. ( i k-
rofessor Dewar, and Professor Huntingdon, with practical
manufacturers and other business men. The works occupy
n area of almost five acres, and have a capacity of pro-
uemg l.y)0 lb. of sodium and 60001b. of double chloride
alM ! . *R1 allow of an output'of 5'cwt. to 6cwt. of
ndn? mi ^ m ,M?r ^itors expressed their surprise and
’ovel# tlie ma ff nitude of the operations, and the entiro
y "°}* of the processes and of the various appliances
hi-w° fc M* them into effect. Mr. Costner received the
s ot- compliments on the evident cr.ro and thought
bestowed on every detail ; and the directors, who were present
during the visit, were congratulated on the apparent success of
the undertaking, and the possession of wlmt must be con¬
sidered one of die finest chemical works in the country. It is
impossible to foretell the future of this most interesting metal,
which is daily becoming more known and sought after. The
Oldbury works are the first and only establishment of the
kind in the world at the present time ; but there is little
doubt that others will quickly be erected on the same plans,
1 j carry on the company's processes, now that their success is
. • nn i
The works, of which we give a few Illustrations, are
divided into four departments—namely. (I) the manufacture
of sodium under th<* Castner patents ; (2) the manufacture of
chlorine by the Weldon process; (H) the manufacture of tho
doable chloride of aluminium and sodium by the Castner
process ; and (1) the reduction of the double chloride by
sodium. The plant for tho production of sodium consists of
twenty furnaces, of large size, each capable of producing 501b.
to 75 lb. of sodium jier day. which is just about twenty times
as much as the total quantity of sodium hitherto produced in
this country. The materials employed are caustic soda and
carbide of iron, which are melted at a temperature of
about 800 deg. Centigrade for about an hour and a half,
during which time the sodium is distilled into small
iron condensers, whence it is cast into blocks of about
2 lb. each. About 0 lb. of caustic soda and 5 lb. of car¬
bonate are used per pound of sodium produced. In the
uext section of the works is the manufacture of tho doable
chloride of aluminium, by the process of passing chlorine gns
over a mixture of alumina and charcoal iu large retorts of
special construction, heated to a high temperature, the result¬
ing chloride being distilled and caught in condensers at the
back of tho retorts. The Aluminium Company receive from
'the adjacent alkali works of Messrs. Chance, of Birmingham,
an ample supply of muriatic acid, which is employed in the
manufacture of chlorine, and return to the Messrs Chance, in
exchange, the residual carbonate of soda, which is utilised by
Messrs. Chance in their special industry. Thus in both cases
the residual and otherwise waste products become the valuable
raw materials of subsequent nmnnfnctures. 5 here are sixty
retorts for the production of the double chloride, which
have n united capacity of about 6000 lb. per day. The double
chloride contains about 12 per cent of aluminium, and under
treatment with sodium yields about 10 per cent of that
quantity. ’J hero arc two special designs of furnaces for pro¬
ducing aluminium : and the company are at present using
lioth, pending the dc:orminntion by experiment of the one best
suited for the pnrptse. They differ mainly in tho mode of
tnking off the aluminium. Into each of these furnaces tho
charge introduced consists of NO lb. of chloride, 25 lb. of
sodium, and Ho lb. of cryolite, which answers as a flux. This
charge, after being reduced for about two hours at a temperaturo
of about 1000 deg. Centigrade, gives about H lb. of aluminium,
which is within 2 per rent of being absolutely pure. Tho total
production of aluminium isexpected to reach about 5001b. per
day. while the product ion of sodium will be about 15001b. daily.
It is in respect of the latter product that the Costner process
claims its chief economy. Hitherto sodium bos cost about Os.
per lb., whereas the Costner process enables it to be produced at
9d.; this means that in the production of a pound of aluminium
the cost of the sodium required has been reduced from 18s. to
2s. 3d. Tho essential feature of the Costner sodium process is
that a temperature of about 800 deg. Centigrade and steel
vessels are employed, instead of a temperaturo of about
1500 deg. Centigrade and a small wrought-iron tube in the
old process. A great saving of wear and tear and of materials
is the result. Although the Castner process reduces the cost
of the metal from between 40s. and 45s. to about 15s. or less
per lb.—or, in other words, from £4500 or £5000 to about
£1680 or less per ton—these prices are still high: but
aluminium is likely to displace some of the existing alloys
used in engineering and manufacturing operations generally.
There is also a large field for its use in a variety of minor
ways; so that this newest British manufacturing enterprise
has prospects of much commercial importance.
An excellent “ Miniature Cyclopaedia,” compiled by Mr. W.
L. Clowes, has been published by Messrs. Cassell and Co. It
contains information upon almost every subject.
THE GOLD MINES OP MERIONETHSHIRE. NORTH WALES.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Auo. 18, 1888.—197
“IT MAY BE FOR YEARS!"
A parting of lovers has evidently preceded this scene of pathetic
lonelmeiw on the Ne&fthore. where she who has been left, while
th V*•**’'**)£ far away, still gazes in the direction of the vessel
nat has disappeared oat of her sight. Only the faithful dog
remains with her—a dumb but sympathising witness of her
aorrow. The occasion, indeed, is frequent enough in the
common experience of mankind—including so many sad fare¬
wells to departing friends, and separations of parents and
nS5i * brothers an(i sisters, not less than of man and woman
pledged to a mutual affection, which to young people—
especially to girls—may seem the main concern of their lives.
i n V* reca H that mournfnl line of a beautiful song,
htodarli ^ lover of Mavoumeen ” says to Kathleen,
Tills day we must |*irt—
It may bo for years—or it may be for ever
“IT MAY BE FOB YEARS.*'
FROM A FAINTING BY JYLXU8 M. PRICK.
words very touching, as every human heart must feel, and
rendered more so by Lhe music to which they arc sung. This
depressing sentiment, with a throng of tender recollections of
the past, will haunt the young lady's mind us she turns from
the sad scabeaoh to walk home. But the purpose of constancy
may bring her some consolation.
Lord St. Oswald has remitted 20 per cent of the rent to his
tenants, and the Earl of Yarborough and the Earl of Zetland
have mode a reduction of 15 per cent.
A human skeleton, which was buried in the second century
of the Christian era, has been discovered in one of the chalk
pits on Portsdown-hill. The bones were in a good state of
preservation and the teeth intact. In the left hand were
twenty-two Roman coins. The skeleton, which was six feet
in length, was found a few feet beneath tho surface.
JELLY-FISHES.
A lovely morning this in Oban Bay. The smooth surface of
the sea is literally without a ripple to mark the course of the
wind. Yachts lie to right of one, and to left as well; and a
white-winged schooner is endeavouring in vain to dear the Tail
of Kerrcra, by way of making tracks for Mull or Morvcn,
whose purple hills loom on the near horizon. St cam is the only
solace on this August day. and the boats which are wont to
flit to and fro on the bine waters of the bay are imitating the
“painted ships” of the “Ancient Mariner" in their stillness
and quiescence. Yet the sea invites one by its very calmness ;
and so I hie forth to the beach, where an obliging Gael
offers to row roe round the bay for a small consideration of a
teenniary nature. I dose with the Highlnndman's offer, and
n a few moments I am being rowed past tbe yachts, and ont
in the fair gnlf around the shores of which nestles the fnir
108
AUG. IS, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
town of Oban. To-day tho water is as clear as crystal.
As we Bolt leisurely along, crowds of jelly-fishes pass
oar craft. Last night I noted hundreds of these lovely
hut frail beings stranded and doao to death on the beach.
It seemed as though the shore were strewn with scores
of crystal plates, so marvellously clear were their bells, until
the inevitable process of decay set in. But iu the sea to¬
day yon behold them in all the beauty of loveliness. Here is
a clear, glassy bell, half a foot or more in diameter, tinted
with lilies which imitate the choicest shades of the rainbow in
their iridescence. Watch its movements, and learn therefrom
something of the manner in which lower life lives out its
appointed end. It pulsates with life; and forces its way
gently, yet strongly, through the yielding waters. The top of
the bell is marked by four pink canals, while round its margin
von can see tho delicate tentacles or - feelers" which exercise
the sense of touch. The bell first spreads itself to its full
dimensions ; then, in a second pulsation, it contracts its disc
to hal f its former extent, and in this way propels itself through
the sea. For your jelly-fish is really an hydraulic engine in
its way. Water is drawn into the bell when it expands ;
then by the sharp contraction of the body, the water is ex¬
cel led. and the jelly-fish sails along by aid of this alternate
expansion and narrowing of its bnlk.
There is more in jelly-fish philosophy than meets the eye.
True the same remark holds good of ivellnigh every other
living structure. lint yon may look through and through tho
jelly-fish and yet, from a scientific standpoint, fail to under¬
stand it. unless yon are armed mentally with a modest
modicum of scieiice-lore and of anatomical wisdom. The
jelly-fish is a “ bell," it is true ; and the " clapper ” or touguo
of the bell is represented by the prolongation at the extremity
of which we find the animal's mouth. As to its food, we may
assume that into this central mouth are drawn myriads of the
Boating specks of the ocean, which illustrate in the course of
their fate Dean Swift's lines about the little fleas that are
preyed upon by "lesser fleas, and so ml infinitum." Indeed,
in some jelly-fishes there exist special means for paralysing
the prev on'which they subsist.. In certain species, when you
touch the bell, the mouth on its stalk moves over to indicate the
part touched, as unerringly as the telegraph-needle obeys tho
behest of the operator. At the month in such cases, we find
a stinging apparatus ; so that when food is swept into the
bell," the central mouth with its stings can swoop down upon
the particles, and. by paralysing them, place them at the mercy
oi the jelly-fish. The whole tribe of jelly-fishes “ sting, it is
true ; but in these parts, it is only your tawny-coloured species,
with their tentacles in festoons, that can pierce the epidermis,
and make the human organism to smart and wince. A jelly¬
fish “sting" is. in its way, a perfect triumph of natural
ingenuity. It consists of a microscopic bag or sao filled with
fluid, and containing a minute thread or filament. Under the
slightest pressure, this bag raptures and bursts: the thread is
thrown out on to the offending body, and the fluid at the same
time escapes. There is little doubt that these “ thread-cells,'
as they are named, constitute a veritable poison-apparatus.
The thread is the dart or sting, and the fluid is the poison ;
and thns it comes about that the tender-skinned bather, w ith
hundreds of these darts playing upon his epidermis, rises from
the waves a sore and aching, and blistered mortal.
That there are jell v-fishes and jelly-fishes, however, is a very
trite axiom of natural history science. Most of those clear glassy
bells which yon see floating in myriads past the boat are, til
one sense, not true jelly-fishes at all. They are masquerading
in the guise of jelly-fishes, and can only claim the title by
courtesy. Their history is peculiar enough in its way. Let
ns try to unravel it as best we can. Growing on oyster-shells
and on rocks and tangle, yon find the curious animals which
art known familiarly toovervbcdv as "zoophytes, fliey grow
rooted and fixed ; they increase by budding ; and their stems
and branches often recall to mind the fir-trees of the forest.
By-and-by. in the history of the plant-like zoophyte, you find
its developmental epoch to set in. You see growing on the
branches buds” which are unlike those of tho colony. W atch
them carefully, and in due time you may note that these
•• buds " grow 'into the likeness of jelly-fishes. Then arrives
the further stage of their history. Breaking contact with its
plant-like parent, each jelly-fish bud detaches itself, and swims
fieelv as an independent being in the sea. It is kith and km
ti the zoophyte, but in the free-swimming glassy hells, that
exist by hundreds in Oban Bay this morning, you could
recognise no kinship with the plant-like growth of the
ovstcr-shell. Yet. wait and watch. Sooner or later the free,
floating jellv-fish lmd will produce eggs. You can see the
eggs developed ill the specimens that float past our boat,
looking like great brown masses depending beneath the jolly-
fi«h frame. From each egg, in due .season, there conics forth
a little oval living speck, which, at first, swims as freely in
the sea as did its parent. Then, after sundry changes of form,
it settles down, and from its simple body is developed a single
animal which we recognise as one of the zoophyte buds of the
oyster-shell. By-and-by the process of budding begins. One
bnd produces another, and. as all remain connected, we find 111
out time the tree-like zoophyte to be produced. Thns, you
observe, your zoophyte on the oyster-shell gives origin to a
jelly-fish bnd, which, in its own turn, develops eggs, each of
the latter becoming a zoojihyte again.
Yet the whole process is only one of complicated development,
after all. Onr jelly-fishes are only free floating buds of a
parent stem. They are not independent animals, blit are linked
to the parent zoophyte hy those mystic ties of blood relation¬
ship which make up not a small part of even human
connections themselves. There arc jelly-fishes also, one must
admit, which have no such connection with the plant-liko
zoophytes ; but of these we need not. speak to-day. Suffice it
that von have learned to read aright at least one sentence in
the fair volume of Nature that is spread out before your view
in Oban Bay. When the sun goes down over the hills of M nil,
and Morren grows purple under its setting rays, onr jelly¬
fishes will vanish away into the depths, to be recalled there¬
from bv to-morrow's light Perchance this chat about jelly¬
fishes may resemble the featares of the landscape, in that
after to-day you may for a while forget these plain teachings
of science, but may revive them in some mental to-morrow
for J.rofit and pleasure._ Axdhkw Wilson.
The Long Vacation began on Aug. id, and the first sitting
iu court took place on the loth, before Mr. Justice Denman, in
Chancery Court II. The courts and the Central Hall of the
lloyal Courts of Justice will not be open to the public during
the vacation.
Memorial windows to General Gordon, hero of Khartoum,
to the officers and men of the Royal Engineers who were
killed or died from their wounds or disease in the Egyptian
and Soudan Campaigns of 18S1 to 1S8.>, and to the officers who
served and were killed in the Peninsula and at Waterloo, were
unveiled, on Ang, SI. in Rochester Cathedral, by General
Viscount Wolseley. in the presence of a crowded congregation
nt the principal officers and ladies of the garrison, all the local
clergy, the elite of tho district, and a battalion of the Royal
Engineers, besides a large body of the general public.
THE LATE GENERAL F. IJ. SHERIDAN, U.S.
The death, on Aug. 5. in Massachusetts, of General Philip
Henry Sheridan, Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the
United States, has removed the last of the eminently dis¬
tinguished military officers who won important victories in
the great Civil War of America from 1S(>1 to 18f»5. He was born
at Somerset, Ohio, in 1831. and was educated at the West Point
Military Academy on the Hudson ; iu 1853, he entered the active
service, and was six years on the Indian frontier stations in
Washington Territory and Oregon, where he behaved with
much gallantry in a conflict with the hostile Indians at the
Cascades, in April. 1856. At the outbreak of the Civil War,
Sheridan was appointed first a Captain of the 13th Infantry,
but in May. 13(12, obtained the commission of Colonel of the
2nd Michigan Cavalry, with which he performed brilliant
actions at Booneville.and was made a Brigadier-General of
Cavalry. In the autumn of that year, he received command
of the 11th Division of the Army of the Ohio, under General
Buell. At the battle of Pcrryville. near Louisville, on Oct. S,
lie manoeuvred his division with skill and effect; and
at that of Murfreesborougb, holding the most essential point
in the action, he withstood four desperate assaults, showing
great tactical skill os well as bravery. Sheridan was then
promoted to the rank of Major-General; but little that is
notable was achieved by him in the field until September, 1863,
when, at the battle of Chickamauga, his division successfully
maintained a perilous position. In capturing the Missionary
Ridge, near Chattanooga, on Nov. 25, he was foremost to
attack, and most persistent in the pursuit of the enemy. When
General Grant, in March, 1864, began the campaign of Virginia,
he chose Sheridan for Commander of the Cavalry Corps, with
which he performed great services: covering the front and
flanks of the army during the long “ Battle of the Wilderness.”
cutting off the enemy’s communications with Richmond, and
destroying the railroads and the stores of the enemy, in a series
of bold excursions, with frequent skirmishes. In August he
was put in command of the Federal troops in the “ Middle
Department,’’ West Virginia, Washington, and the Susque¬
hanna. He defeated the Confederate army of General Early,
and drove it, with two severe battles, up the Shenandoah Valley,
THE LATE UNITED STATES GENERAL PHILIP II. SHERIDAN.
wdiich he devastated and made untenable for the enemy. By
these measures, harsh as they seemed, Maryland and Penn¬
sylvania were relieved from four of .invasion, while Grant
obtained free use of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and of
the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. Sheridan, on Oct. HI,
engaged the enemy’s forces at Cedar Creek, and won a groat
-victory, decisive of that campaign, capturing twenty-four
guns, with many waggons and quantities of stores. He was
further promoted for this achievement. In 18(55. he again
swept up the Shenandoah Valley, completing his work there,
and wiping out the Southern army; joined General Grant, and
took an important part in all the main operations of the Virginia
Campaign, routing Pickett's and Johnson’s forces at Five Forks,
by which General Lee was compelled to abandon Petersburg
and Richmond. He afterwards conducted the pursuit of
General Lee. capturing guns, waggons, and thousands of
prisoners, till the final surrender of Lee, on April S>, at the
village of Appomattox. When the Civil War was ended. General
Sheridan was appointed to command the Fifth Military
District. Louisiana and Texas, from which he was removed to
that of Missouri, with the rank of Lieutenant-General. Ho
visited Europe in 1370. and was spectator of some of the great
German victories in France. In March, 1834, he succeeded
General Sherman in the office of C'ommander-in-Chief.
Sheridan was undoubtedly one of the best of American soldiers,
and perhaps as good a soldier as any. in Europe.
We arc indebted to the courtesy of the proprietors of the
\tw York Herald for enabling ns to publish the Portrait of
General Sheridan Which appears this week.
Tier Majesty in Council has approved of the granting of a
charter of incorporation for the town of Chelmsford. It will
come into operation on Sept. 7.
About 4<KX) Volunteers assembled in London on Aug. II. in
compliance with orders issued from the War Office on Aug. 10,
and left fyr Aldershott.—A match between teams representing
the South London Rifle Club and the Berks Ilifle Association
was shot on Aug. 11 at Churn, on the Berkshire Downs, one of
the proposed sites for the Now Wimbledon. Lord Wantage
was present. The total scores were—Berkshire. 1036; South
London, 1021. Berkshire, therefore, repeated the victory
which they obtained a few weeks since over the North London
Rifle Club on the same range.—The Queen has approved of the
4th, 6th, 7th, 16th, 20th, and 22nd Lancashire Rifle Volunteers
bearing in future the designation of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd. 4th, 5th
(Ardwick), and Oth Volunteer Battalion of the Manchester
Regiment. Four of the battalions have their head-qunrfcers in
the city, and the two others belong to Ashton and Oldham.
THE FLOODS.
One of the most inclement summer months that England has
ever experienced was the Jnly of this year. 138 i. From the
beginning of the month until its ch.sc there was an almost
entire absence of real summer weather, and it ended with
frequent and remarkably heavy falls of rain and severe local
thunderstorms. The south and south-east of England suffered
more from ccld and wet than either North Britain or tho
Atlantic coast of Ireland. Finally, on July 30 r.ml
July 31, and Aug. 1, the neighbourhood of London mil
the Home Counties were vis.ted by heavy storms, with
thunder, and for hours, on each occasion, with a copious and
continuous downpour of rain. In the eastern suburbs
of London—in Poplar, the Isle of Dogs, and Canning
Town, near the Victoria Docks—the poor inhabitants suffered
great misery, and many of tho very poorest lost everything in
the floods. When the storm burst, the sewage rapidly rushed
up through the drains into the dwellings to a depth in some
cases of over six feet. There was no time to save anything ;
bedding, furniture, food, and clothing were in a few moments
floating about in a son of filthy sewage matter, and were
utterly spoilt. The subsidence of the flood also left in their
homes a horrible black evil-smelling deposit. Along the river
Thames by the Essex marshes, at Barking, about Dagenham,
and in the Rninham and Purfleet districts, on the way to
Tilbury, the land was flooded, sheep and cattle were drowned
and vast quantities of hay and other crops were destroyed!
On the main high road from Stratford through Essex
and along the Colchester line of the Great Eastern Railway
there were inundations occasioned by torrents of storm-water
that rushed down the hillside from Woodford into the low-
lying valley of the Thames, between Ilford and Chad well-
heath. The street of Romford was six feet under water. The
railway was four feet under water, so that for some hours
through-traffic on the main line was suspended, and passengers
had to proceed by circuitous routes to their destinations. Tho
stoppage of traffic was a source of great inconvenience to
business men who daily travel from the eastern suburbs to
the city. Extensive damage was also done to property around
Enfield by the floods. Several bridges were unshed away
and traffic in the district was stopped. In St. Mary s Church,
Ilford, the water was several feet deep up to the altar steps!
The storm had done much damage in West Kent. At Erith!
the railway embankment gave way, and threw the last train
from London off the metals. Fortunately, no one was injured,
beyond receiving a shaking; but traffic was stopped*on the
North Kent line and on the .South-Eastern Railway. The
local accounts of disaster are too numerous for repetition.
THE GOLD MINE IN WALES.
The discovery, by Mr. W. Pritchard Morgan, of gold-bearing
quartz on his estate of Bryntirion, in the valley of the
Mawdach, not far from Dolgelly, in Merionethshire, excited
public curiosity last year ; we then gave some account of it,
with views of the place, heretofore known as Gwynfynnid,
and of the external appearance of his workings at the new
gold-mine. These were published in The Illustrated London
yen's of Dec. 17, 1837. Our Artist, who recently visited the
** Mount Morgan ’’ mine, to inspect and delineate what is to be
seen of its operations, which have made considerable progress,
furnishes sketches of the gold-quartz crushing-mill, now iu
perfect working order. It is situated within a hundred yards
of the Mawdach falls, having the advantage of an incessant
water supply. The building is of a singular aspect, its several
floors rising behind each other like terraces or steps. The
ground floor is occupied by the various “ripples” ; the second
floor, by the stamps and the feeding arrangements; and the
third or top floor by the crusher, with the quartz as it is
brought from the mine.
The “ crusher ” is a machine for reducing the blocks of
nartz to a certain size, to enable the stamps to work them,
’here is a sort of fascination in watching this monster mouth
crunching great blocks of stone bigger than a man’s head.
They are reduced by the crusher to something .about the size
of the fist. We forget exactly how much this hungry monster
swallows in the course of the week. The next operation is simply
that of feeding the battery of stamps: a hoy with a wheel¬
barrow can keep fifteen stamps going. These continue pounding
away until the quartz is reduced to a pulp. Water is constnntl v
pouring in ; and, as the pulp gets washed away, it flows down
over a series of steps, or * ripples”: on each ripple is laid a
sheet of copper coated with mercury. At any minute, specks
of gold become amalgamated with the mercury ; and when tho
ripples, instead of looking smooth, appear granulated, it is
time to scrape the amalgam to one side, preparatory to
removing it to the retort.
In order that the least possible amount of gold may be. lost,
it is after being first pounded up in the battery, inclosed with
mercurialised plates, that the pulp is allowed to pass over the
ripples. Thence it flows on to a large gutta-percha band,
or belt, which is kept revolving over rollers iu a direction
against the flow of the pulp from the ripples, and is thus
made to deposit any small grains that may have escaped the
mercury in the centre of the hand. The pulp further passes
over an inclined plane of copper, likewise mercurialised ; and,
lastly, it runs over blanket ripples, which retain the smaller
specks of gold. Parts of this apparatus, with the gutta-percha
revolving band, are shown in our Illustration of the interior
of the mill on the ground floor.
The ** Britten ” pans arc used for the richest ore. The ore,
in this instance, has first to be pounded up by hand, and then
to be ground up in the pans, by large pestles.
On Saturdays, the whole of the amalgam is gathered off
the plates, and is taken to the retort. The processes here
were explained by Mr. Crookes, the assayer. The amalgam is
first put into a cloth, very like an ordinary pudding-cloth, and
is then squeezed or wrung, so that a great portion of tho
mercury escapes through the cloth. This process is continued,
until nearly all the mercury is got out; the amalgam then
becomes quite solid, and is put into the retort, where what
mercury lemnins is distilled away from the gold.
On opening the retort a heavy yellow substance like
sponge is seen. This, when cooled, has to be broken up and
smelted in a crucible. It is afterwards poured into a mould
and left to cool. Our Artist was permitted to cast one,
which weighed nearly 4 lb., being the nsolt of one and a half
tons of quartz. The most beautiful feature in the casting was
the lovely liquid emerald colour which the gold presented
whilst cooling. Our Artist’s Sketches show the processes of
retorting and sqneezing the amalgam.
The gold is weighed bv the Government Inspector, Mr.
Bowen, as the question of'royalty has not yet been decided ;
but wc understand that Government intends to treat this
question in a liberal spirit, considering the public advantage
of supporting a new industry.
Prospecting parties are out in all directions, and one con¬
stantly hears of new discoveries. There is quite sufficient
“ colour ” in various parts of Wales to encourage the hopes ot
the gold-seekers, and we may soon hear of fresh results in
that part of Great Britain-
ffl
fpfi
7
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Aio. 18, 1888.- 199
THE FLOODS IN ESSEX.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Auo. 18, 1888. 200
RAMBLING SKETCHES: HEADCORN, KENT.
BEE PAGE 202
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
IMPORTANT TO ALL LEAVING HOME FOR A CHANGE.
fRUtT
K@^f.ut5«lii(E.oh fruit powder U
§& HEALTH-CIVINC. j
gSjy PLEASANT.COOUNC. U
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freshness and vigour. In cases of Nervous Headache and Debility it is especially useful, and should be
taken in all cases where persons suffer from a sluggish condition of the Liver .”—Young Lady's Journal.
PREPARED ONLY AT ENO’S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, LONDON, S.E.,
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GREAT SUMMER SALE, 1 1 GOLDSMITHS’ ALLIANCE
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NOW PROCEEDING AT
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Family Mourning and Black
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GREAT BARGAINS
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IN EACH DEPARTMENT,
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Purposely for this Sale.
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Late A. B. SAVORY and SONS,
SILVER AND BEST SILVER-PLATED MANUFACTURERS,
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WAITERS 4 TRAYS.
CLARET JUGS 4 GOBLETS.
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LICENSED APPRAISERS.
VALUATIONS MADE FOR PROBATE.
DIVISIONS OF FAMILY PLATE ARRANGED.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 18, 1888
202
MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS.
“ After the Play,” and “ Wo 'll keep the Old Grey 3farc, John,”
are Bong’s by J. L. Molloy. The first appears to promise a
touch of quaint hnraoar, but in reality discloses a pathetic
little episode of real life in the last parting of two affectionate
hearts. The several phases of sentiment are well reflected in
some changes of the musical rhythm. The other song above
named is replete with quaint homely sentiment, and also has
some effective rhythmical changes. “ The Old Wherry,” song
by A. H. Behrend, is flowingly melodious, in waltz rhythm,
with effective alternations of the minor and major modes.
•• Daydawn,” by Florence Aylward, is a setting of lines adapted
by Alice K. Sawyer from Victor Hugo. The sentimental tone
of the verses is well reflected in the music, which is tuneful in
its vocal melody and includes an effective accompaniment,
partly of a cantabile kind, and partly consisting of broken
chords. ‘‘Among the Passion-Flowers” is a setting of some
pleasing lines from the practised pen of Mr. F. E. Weatherly,
whoso verses are always smoothly written, and lend themselves
readily to musical treatment. This the lines in question have
received from Mr. F. L. Moir, who has associated them with a
melody of simple yet pleasing character, well fitted for vocal
expression, and (like the songs previously referred to) lying
within a moderate compass of voice. All the publications above
ref rred to are from the firm of Boosey and Co., who also
issue a very bright and spirited “ Danse Humoresque.” by
Frances Allitaen, for the pianoforte. It is one of the pieces that
have lately been played by the string band of the Royal
Artillery. Tho same publishers have issued the 108th
number of their popular series of the “ Cavendish Music
Books,” containing eight modern pianoforte pieces (constitut¬
ing the eighth “Pianoforte Album”). These publications—
issued at one shilling per number—are well engraved and
printed, on good paper, full music size.
“April” (“Chanson d’Avril ”) is a setting, by Mr. A.
Goring Thomas, of lines by Remy Bellean, the original of
which is given, together with an English version by William
Hardinge. Mr. Thomas's music is both piquant and graceful;
there is just an indication of French style suitable to the
original text, while yet not being at variance with the trans¬
lated version. Messrs. Metzler and Co. are the publishers, as
also of “ Time will Show,” a very characteristic duet, the
words by Marion Chappell, the music by J. M. Coward. The
musical setting (for a mezzo-soprano and a baritone) is very
effective, the alternate queries and replies between the two
voices, and their occasional association, affording good con¬
trasts. “Our Volunteers ” (also from Messrs. Metzler and Co.)
is a march, for the pianoforte, on tho song composed and
dedicated to the Queen by Lady Arthur Hill. It is a spirited
piece in genuine martial style, and has been played with great
effect by various military and volunteer bands. The same
publishers bavo just issued “ The Rose Queen ” waltz, produced
with such success at the recent opening Promenade Concert at
Covent-Garden Theatre. The composer, Mr. A. Gwyllym
Crowe, has judiciously arranged it so that it can be used
merely as a pianoforte solo, or with voices to the text which is
given. The titlepage comprises a very pretty chromo-litho¬
graph of a group of graceful children in picturesque costumes.
“ The Borderers ” is a song by C. II. Lloyd, to some stirring
words by Mr. F. E. Weatherly, in which a plundering excursion
is announced in vigorous lines. Mr. Lloyd’s music accords
well with its subject, and affords good opportunities for
effective vocal declamation, a well-written figurative accom¬
paniment being an important feature. The song is published by
Mr. Joseph Williams, of Berners-sfcreet; from whom we have
also “A Lover's Lay”—a song by H. T. Tiltman, in which
there are some striking phrases, chiefly of a declamatory kind,
several changes of tempo and rhythm giving a welcome variety.
M r. Williams also sends some instrumental pieces. A “ Gavotte ”
for violin and piano, by Benjamin Godard, has much of the
quaint character of the old dance-form implied by the title,
and is so easy as to be within the reach of most amateurs.
Other pieces in an antiquated dance form are a “Gigue ” and
a “ Bourrce ” for piano solo, by W. W. Iledgcock. In these
also the antique grace of an old style is well preserved ; as is
the ease with a “Gavotte” by H.T. Tiltman, whoso “Air do
Ballet ” is a pleasing dance piece of a more modern kind.
In London 2228 births and 1476 deaths were registered in
the week ending Aug. 11. Allowing for increase of population
the births were 454, and the deaths 203, below the average
numbers in the corresponding weeks of the last ten years. The
deaths included 51 from measles. 17 from scarlet fever, 25
from diphtheria, 27 from whooping-cough, 6 from enteric
fever, 1 from an ill-defined form of continued fever. 138 from
diarrhoea and dysentery, 5 from cholera and choleraic diarrhoea,
and not one from smallpox or typhus. The deaths referred to
diseases of the respiratory organs, which had been 160 and 167
in the two preceding weeks, further rose to 183. Different
forms of violence caused 56 deaths; 50 were the result of
negligence or accident, among which were 20 from fractures
and contusions, 3 from burns and scalds, 12 from drowning,
and 9 of infants under one year of age from suffocation. Five
cases of snicide were registered.
The Lords of the Committee of Council for Agriculture
have awarded tho following sums out of the £5000 granted by
the Government for the present financial year in aid of agri¬
cultural and dairy schoolsThe Cheshire County Dairy
School, £150; Aspatria (Agricultural) School, £250; Edin¬
burgh University, £300 ; Glasgow and West of Scotland
Technical College, £200; Kirkcudbright Dairy Association.
£70 ; Ayrshire Dairy Association, £125 ; Wigtownshire Dairy
Association, £101 10s. ; and to Dumfriesshire Dairy Association,
£28 10s.—The applications from the Norfolk Chamber of
Agriculture, Suffolk Dairy Institute, Sussex Association,
British Dairy Farmers’ Association, Darlington Chamber of
Agriculture, Leicester Dairy Company, Ludlow Grammar
School, Aberdeenshire Association, Forfarshire and Kincardine¬
shire Dairy School, and Kilmarnock Dairy School were deferred
for further consideration.
The first match in the Canterbury cricket week finished
on Ang. 8 in a victory of the Australians over Kent by eighty-
one runs.—Surrey won the match with Notts at the Oval by
seventy-eight runs : Middlesex defeated Yorkshire at Sheffield
by six wickets, and Gloucestershire won the match with Sussex
at Clifton by seven wickets.—At Canterbury, on the 10th, Kent
beat Lancashire by six wickets.—At Kennington Oval, on the
11th, the Surrey cricket team followed up an unexampled score
completed on the previous day by bowling down the Sussex
wickets in the second innings for a total of ninety-nine, thus
securing a victory by an innings and 485 runs.—At Clifton the
Australians were beaten by Gloucestershire by 257 runs ;
Middlesex defeated Derbyshire at Derby by seven wickets, and
at Lord’s, Somerset beat the M.C.C. by five wickets.—The
match at the Oval on the 14th ended in a victory for England
over Australia by an innings and 137 runs.—Sussex defeated
Lancashire, at Brighton, by nine wickets; and at Derby
Yorkshire were beaten by Derbyshire by seven wickets.
BIRTHS.
On Anpr. 7, at 20, Kildare-tcrrncc, Bayswater, W., Kathleen, the wife of
Francis Edward Paynter, Esq., of a daughter.
On Aug. 12, at 46, Choster-sqnare, Mrs. Dodsworth, of a son.
DEATH.
On Juno 28, at Mylngyan, Bnrmah, by drowning, Lieutenant James
Ireland Henderson. Adjutant 10th Madms Infantry, eldest son of the late
Colonel J. H. S. Henderson, M.S.C. Deeply regretted by his brother officers
and all who knew him.
%* The charge /or the insertion of Births, Man'iagts, and Deaths,
is Five Shillings .
RAMBLING SKETCHES: HEADCORN.
In the centre of the agricultural districts of Mid Kent on the
railway from Tunbridge to Ashford, aD d ten miles from
Maidstone to the south-east—in a fair country of meadows
cornfields, and woodlands, and with purple hills in the distance’
over which sunlight and shadow pass alternately iu the
momentary changes of a breezy summer day—lies the pleasant
rural village of Headcorn, a thriving place with a growing
population, yet with picturesque features of antiquity noted
by the rambling Arlist. His sketches of the Old George Inn
which was probably the first object of his quest—since a long
walk had lawfully entitled him to a glass of ale and a mode¬
rate luncheon—of tho Old Church, built by one of the Coln-
pepers in the reign of Edward IV., in the churchyard of
which is a venerable old oak, with its trunk 40 ft. in girth, and
with its boughs half withered—and of the Old Hall, some time
belonging to the Clothworkers’ Company of London—testify
that centuries have spared Headcorn some characteristic archi¬
tectural relics of the olden time. Headcorn history, if we had
leisure to study it, would no doubt present facts worthy of note,
though but a small number of our readers, not being men
of Kent, or travellers on the South Eastern line, have probably
ever heard the name of the village, except as a railway
station. It thrives, nevertheless, and makes good malt, we
believe, with native hops grown thereabouts to complete the
preparation of its beer; and the two-peaked •‘oast-houses,"
which are seen in many other Kentish villages, are a sign of
promise to those who like a sound quality of the good old
English drink. Field-paths in the neighbourhood lead to the
grassy margin of the rippling Beult, and to Smarden, in one
direction, or in another to the rustic hamlet of Mottenden,
where stood the famous house of Crutched or Crossed Friars,'
founded in 1224 by Sir Richard de Rokcsley, noted for their
performance of miracle plays on Trinity Sunday. In this
weald of Kent, in a ramble through Sutton Valence, Bonghton
Malherbe, and Chart, the memories of ancient life, its manners
nnd enstoms and institutions, of the Plantagenct, the Norman,
and the Saxon periods, are suggested by local names ; though
it was a great forest, covered with trees and frequented by
wild beasts, or by herds of swine near the habitations of men,
at the date of the Norman Conquest.
The Royal Commission appointed to inquire into the alleged
irregularities in connection with the Metropolitan Board of
Works have adjourned sine dir, having taken all the evidence
which was deemed material.
1 he City and Guilds of London Institute for the advance¬
ment of technical education has held its summer examinations,
and has published its report of the results. These, on tho
whole, mast be pronounced highly satisfactory.
Nine steamers arrived at Liverpool in the week ending
Aug. 11 with live stock and fresh meat from American and
Canadian ports, the total arrivals being 2137 cattle, 1G47
sheep, and 6082 quarters of beef.
The Class-list of the higher local examinations, recently
held at various centres by the University of Cambridge, was
published on Aug. 14. There were 973 candidates, and the
success or failure of each is Bhown by supplementary tables.
The names of the following students of the London School
of Medicine for Women appeared in the pass list of the Inter¬
mediate Examination in Medicine of the University of
London :—Miss Berthon, 1st Division ; Miss Dove, 2nd Divi¬
sion ; Miss Tribe, 2nd Division ; Miss Staley and Miss Pace,
excluding physiology. In the Honours List.—Anatomy ; Miss
Longbottom, 1st Class; Miss Sturge, 2nd Class; Miss Benson,
3rd Class. Physiology and Histology ; Miss Benson, 2nd Class;
Miss M‘Laren, Miss Madgshon. and Miss Williams, 3rd Class.
Materia Medica and Pharmaceutical Chemistry : Miss Benson,
1st Class ; Miss Farrer, 2nd Class ; Miss M‘Laren, 3rd Class.
Seventh Edition, in Ono Volume,
P HE MOOR AND TIIE LOCH.
1 , '' "Hvnin ; mi nit.' I n-t n:ct mug m n]j H -til m.i Si- .it
nil \\ andcr.ug? ov or Cnwr nnd Corrir, Flood and Fell.
„ By .10 HN COLOUR OUN.
Aovv and Cheaper Edition, with Illustrations, svo, 21?.
•rmet Editions .—
g all rcc«gmscd sports,
ns drawn from his own
-■Mvriuito, m;u me young sportsman will do well to lay to
liifii t. . . A Look tint is worth reading again and agstiii.’’-
Sttunlay Review.
’ Ho pro-enia all lovers of Scotland with the completent
d-iaiN of every Hiphlmid sport, on all of which he is an
III,. 1,1,- ■imlp.nry . i ii l with wh:U many will value
mm inoro. aseriei of hfolike skotches of the rarer and more
iiiU ic-if mg annuals of the country. . . . Henceforth it must
mv.-iwrilv And » pl.ico in the knapsack of every Northern
tourist who is fond of our wild creatures: and is simply
lndispensaido m every Hootch shooting-l«>dgc.’ , -Acadcmy.
The hook is ono written hy a gentleman for gentlemen,
im iUliy iu tone, earnest in purpose, and as fresh, breezy, and
hr.- giving as the mountain air of tho hills amongst which
i lie -port it chronicle* is carried on.”—The ' *
“ In *1 ...
CHEAP EDITION O
S BRADDON’S NOVEL8.
T IKE AND UNLIKE : A Novel. By the
Author of w Lady Audley's Secret,” “ Vixen," Ac.
U make many people la
b soundly sleeping."-
t Miss Braddon's storVc"s. ,r -fho fTni„_.
London: Simpkix, Marshall, and Co.
MISS BRADDON’S NEW NOVEL.
night when they
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often iiT" this’hand.
a Blackwood and So
■ healthy -mini
», Edinburgh and Londor
J.JOOKS FOR HOLIDAY READING.
rpiIE
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. NEW STORY BY I.. B. W ALFORD.
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WORK BY ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON.
BLACK ARROW : A Tale of the
.ii rnMiv By “• L ' STKVISNR0! ‘- aeeon'l Edition,
Dj n. L.| KER_.n
A NURSERY CARD.
On Holler,, for Hanging, 34in. liylsii,or .
Varnished, is. fid.; free hy post, 7 or 111
WHAT TO DO AND HOW TO DO IT.
nl.l. Immediate Treatment in Tw enty
‘II v
i.ND. By
ii k! n> q. 5«,
’SOLOMON'S* Ml&id,
By H. RIDER HAGGARD.
hidden Hines*
-. _..J*of ‘ •
wing, Choki
Treatment m Twenty
-.common to Children.
inials,llrokcn Limbs,Brumes,
WRSIWLL.
VI T.'l,? A M E8T ALL.
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TVESTALL and LAURIE.
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thcr great Pictures. Ten toSix daily. Ono Shilling.
l^RESH AIR for POOR LONDON
A CHILDREN.— For the small sum of 10s. subscribed n
poor, pale-faced London child can he hoarded out f.*r it days
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season*).—A. STY LEM AN HERRING, Vicar of St. Paul's,
Clcrkenwell, 45, Colebrookc-row, N, '
HOTEL. — The
MADE WITH BOILING WATER.
E P P S’S
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
COCOA
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
UMBRELLAS*
K000 SILK UMBRELLAS, 2s. 6d. each, direct
Silt * r pr„ l £iff£ n . uf acturer LadieR’ 91- Genu' Plain or Twill
8 j l ° l n w ri I ,cd frR,ne8 '• beautifully cawed
mnted nicks. Parcel Pon'free“
S.F0X&'C9Limited
x t HUMAN HAIR;
| KISSES |
llic UMCOLK»H^ M| I d£aSdc5pn < t| I ^sDROcT
HObL^wTH^PlLLS and OINTMENT. !
liver Morani-l ISSi 1 tta b L 0,rt - cnrre " »>' 'll---'.. n,
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided improvements (protected by
Letters Patent) which scivo increased
Stability and greater Neatness to the
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
facture the Steel specially lor all
their frames and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferiop
makes.
ATTG. 18, 1888
NEW MUSIC.
pHAPPELL and CO/S POPULAR MUSIC
T)EAR HEART.
Thi..^; r T IT0 , MATTR '-
Ih paiji.i 1 is'ri , tKkVyt , °'
HEAVEN AND EARTH.
Sung >»y Madame Knri.tncic. K.jwardj.| nj <| \ c
THE^ILLUSTBATED LONDON NEWS
S T ouk^?v BS to NORWAY, the BAT Tie
& T ABLE LINENS.
•'■•■■■I nn.l ""<1 mak“ tl," ’V r, r ,, ,” l . i| " " '•* "'0 A
KVIffiffi T A ? LE ww
:s:: ■Sei-sTi.'i.'isss: !s ^ 1
maple & CO. 1 J^EASIDE SEASON.—the SOUTH COAST
ITTJ r t.— _ I linillHTIK .
;X'S»^ss5awa>as f
1 exceptional terms j,,,’
uiiio, soft.nn^ii ri.of iis
offering „t ,, very l:„" 0
/kk.kx?'™“ «*.*u
lilw. T MS3i'i.S'r"?T.“ 011 . (. rr " n K‘'H"lr«lnn
;v£>™.. I ^ri'fSSV"**- 53 ^ OII1JtN.il.
— ' * Merry lee*, Northern , an' 1 NAPKINS. W |„ cl','t *«'fr-nn» S a| l ci.ftri”*
i --- >»n„.. 1,0 " ffcn “««»'m t„ K0
!»•«-. *.—• «sa 2 1 .. •*' .
»'«' Icri! iiJ,:.... 1 " ' *' l*-Vs I lie |.:ir..M.-... I ...t , V W .' 1 >“ °»
I Victorina)
I renounced Ly the highest jiulnos tl, ; trt 250 A'mien*.
J I
t,0 'iS.L»'!iVi ) AT'^11# K-olInlriV.x,,*»
PIANOFORTES for S n iK ,V’ , ai , ITs : "«■
__—!HHiS^2fi£¥? <■" iim! ; * lll,1, “-
■tween her ei : i'n*..«‘" i 1 m! , v HTO|f|., ,_
' ViJL MOv • »,eiir’s. AMtfV^ 1^°V;'‘‘ lolls!!,Hi all
w hie In liciiitr *]
lucti i ti rti si
'Ion, 9 an . t|l(W||%
5--. lid.: I cller.|ii;i|jry.
medium Size*- _
**■ ,,<L ! extra ijiutlity,
g -y—_ -.. uwio...aiv I 1 ABLE LINENS.
T ““ l,KK8 '
fflA 1 ? TABLE LINENS.—Amonest the at w
UI<1I1. Circuliu'. iviMi f,.?‘ i ri l’- Term*, in*. t u R| c suitable f, n - |, C J •«*or the lii-d,
. ““ .
111110 H Toy.
, SKA KU III).
I h A ST lit»L ! Jt .N K.
Has^A, ,IUS -
WORTHING. I "V:,:',.', , .. , ,'. ,:t , 1 ' u rro " 1 t'd.doa f.va'iialiVu
s uiit ' k „„d MombIy
» 'I TH-.HA . | 1 Slfe.Mel.' 1 '" '' Cl "' ccn '-■.'.den
BR IG IITOX.—Cheap Fi^Tch^ Day Tickets
•'"’•n VirN.ru, ina , | °W" , * n , f u ''> Weekday.
]L.'"? 1 ' H^OluiumVi'w i;,„i£y-j;" | l' , m ,, .Car.
te, ttxwtz&vr, & &*■•-* '&$s* ..
l- .; **:*'• j »oAaiLL.
lisli Si 1C it. tv of ?
... the mitcJ an 'l
lr, |*. Terms, i,u to 11 rc
a! u'r.irv 1l » rl .i«:" lar ". from
t* "f the IIi.o*
a »r«
o N
fpWllBl. Ii'dr; 1;CI.i■ 11 r - 1 ' . . .
Iron, ,„} gs .
Si stem, from I os. «a j, t . r jjoiit ]i orisJiV ^ m-. ; Three-Years'
•Triaiiily or n Tho n r " ' cation«. atu j s j |llt||l ,
«h.n ooi.uiy f , ; •«'» '■•/••"i" 1 low little more
h ’* chararicr.
JE^sww-**,
ir p ^ s Tor uju'.lc l i-ul * !.«»Tlls tiini
<v . t - , a ;"i I'lopnctors i'>>nti>iiu. , \iV. V »*• >.-ii«iim*.j,,
*•11."il»l errTamil make -in ra i n ,, roiiewiio.- th.->c- n c „ J
. .. ;
' sV-.v-m ‘l""' '' t, ,, ’ ,,a " 1 *'»• a.to.; 'and
' ll 1 •'.*. { !’? »f ,, r ’ek. ts._l.Vs.. jos ltd., ami fls.
1 >ARI ^;^I?!? B ™ST. CHEAPEST ROUTE
KXI'UE.S.'i OAV SKUVh B -»"<« M*VKS.
Vutoisn » M u!n Um ': r -
Monday
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a . . ,01 * g*- Organs from
8ystem, from io,.«d
>■ U.>h.. l -ma».w,i i!r„'; I.omi?,n!7: ,\
j* tile only s<
l'> r «|../ri): N-ii.ki'n^^'iV , 1 dill... f,
E?.^Sl rt ,” A ;T ( itT? I T rs - ,:RARD - <>f
.. • ' «v;
‘ '!V ' :,,l! "f their n mu,
t “* ,,e '••■taiin-.j from _>. K ^
anks of thcitii
ahlj good »alnv, aud arc sure
fact n riu /’or iii
Marlhoroiigh-*t
£RARDS' PIANOS. - COTTAGES. - f rom
^HANliS.f
•r for tho I
c fit «r j.lrrc 1
■ ; •-’H^KTINIi.S. i
e nil me lunmiially j,
IMANOKOK I Ks
I 112S L , E ’ x » V ! 1T1 0 N-TiTe 1 ^
■ Tit,
D 5s 15,^'™ m«l N0S -
_ s ^i""ty. 1)|W B.mJSVcc. it.
T B 9^® A S^ O E T Z JI A N N ‘
1'iauo/ortc ihiiiifaeiinvr, ,Vni\-,Vi .*/ 1,1 '^'r 11 ,, * , I Mini lLev are
__ iti-ik oi-sticet; i\'rim!nN ? !|,n l rc ,|,,> lli
£*?.- Jron^GR AX DPI A No.
' r/ ‘ " I I
i)’««iu A x x E. s . ':[{*<>« , A n »
•hat hs.’ami
*• •••j.ieie uith i
Muiimcr resort •
-Srrr' s-.-tiiw.s
imoUcen’ I
ran r.Mi.larr ", | ^JHEETINGS.
"''..oHr 1 {^meetings.
SHEETINGS.
M.\I*I,K ami I'D
. 'i! 1 :'• Sr '.’“' 11 ' : "" 1 Ihn n>lev I
I'Iaiii ami lwilled t'OTTnX
*ZiT", ..
•d folly imiloieii 1 Vt.-in ' i' Cl 1*'* ' ,IUl,,i Sheet.., vcry strong,at*fi.-.Vd
ailwa Y I 1 H 0USEI,0Ln linens.
' ' infill route to HOUSEHOLD linens.
'm. 5,V3:A1: ' Ij I ^n l ;7i 1 r " n, l ,,( ' ,( ‘ Set for £<t t:u M
.. , Mll|ri ., ... ,ir!" T y T" '<- i.u,.„ si,,..'.. ”/
^ 1 L ,xr "-' l '
MAPLE & CO.
mi'.'.'iimpiV " a,,< f Koiniou
'• a n.!.i'.'ih~ , " , r ( ^!•**' 2n<1 r,ft ss.
.
»S'c.:?fSr io " f
lu!o,n ,{ V lirn - p l' ,rn< l'«l fast
t .1) imi i» 1 'ft ween New hat eu
•f s 'i • cial
• X*.* Is.
3tX
L*oii*tincted
t n and Dn j.jtc.
.‘I 1 n, f s ‘ , ci *
•••'I Xc»thateii.
1 s
T.
6 0 TH A R D
. swit/.i;i:i.a:
R J
delieiilf.il r
lt AD ~ <» * u iormntid Nett hat en.
1 I' T imf " Ii00k - Tn '>*t
I {emdon lln ii.-r. ,. r an.t ..||„- r -s* »> It... C «’f 111 “t VirNnm,
KmI i -1 - when- T:<kel« inay , j j mg
'" l *. rV k « r ,,; ' J ** A * C, "'J. Coli'Liiil
I , ’ I !}r\ 1 «H A ^it R,R v R °r XD TIIE tSLE
| S|“"al Fn-i Train «,ii “ >?• A Kir-i flu,
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' HH’hT i't^
—- '•• , K . >l • letar.v and tictiemi 3lan:iger.
( } It h A T E A S T E U N R A I L W A Y
Tit V tvs „
^id'ii.-,i 1 , 1 :,''":''.!;.-
'hIt | I \ , - I |P|\ V nr 8ATI-IIDAY
•nr l, *|V T| ' K | .
»' v' * 111 IMI* To TIIK SF \s| in' * Tn fin ,
ail ■.lion-Na/.e. :un| Hiirwoh II I I.’ ’ 1 ° 1 ■ nr, '’*' f *ii.
.\li-oiiiii,. , „|.-,! on'/'.I^Vil.r! 1 * MmOc f " ' .. " 01 '■ M ”
m'emema j erfect
IVojirictor.
M APLE “"<1 CO.-OIL PAINTINGS.
3JAPLE and CO.-WATER COLOURS.
()IL PAINTINGS by Known ARTISTS.
()IL PAINTINGS by Rising ARTISTS.
I W ATER COLOURS by Known ARTISTS,
in it> .iit. I,,,, , , I W ATER COLOURS by Rising ARTISTS.
( I E ,h E ' A ;^ A ' 1 ^ B'-Ho Vne. i M A ,S.»"<• Water
— ^"'"^'"Jk'NSaiikki .i5.l , io|?i' t n,,; tnaikf.i in plJin njlir .^~," n “<
Jj l r iL 1 !^ ^ATi^ '; jl V( *! 1 ■» on “thii
facing the
K V .?^V.,^;.« A ! X . S ' '^a *oy- ~ Grand
.---— : —— - —-~ M - n »»T.f;encrnl Mannc. r
RUMMER TOURS IN SCOTLAND.
tn..ini i:i.n/»Mr-V THfc ,^" mm.anhs.
”* ■' ..'• , |j ll ' -, l“ , i. , i"fn»aU.)
B R0 'V- V & pOLSON-S (i6r.\T/lOUR
-IS A WORLD-WIPE .VECESSAnT,
jjROWN & pOLSONS pORN^pLOUR
_FonjniE niir.sekV. J
JJ^^^pOLioNTp^^
_ r0R THE r.UHLT TADLB. A
..> n.H.Mon- i t ran. r.ukitf
0n , Xe ' v Schwcizcrhaus.
•til l Kail. I.mge g irdeii ! ' , Fittci * ,,,,l,c - tiear f|.im«
franc a. |f,Ml ,,cJ,cal foe o-n^” VcnM‘.n/ Iron : “,'J
Ij V£n,“u, Schweizcrhof and
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J ]\I Ap LE and CO.-Dining-room CLOCKS
!3I ABLE and CO.—Drawing-room CLOCKS.
•j '/■ The elect mr l ig'lit
]JROWN A. pOLSONS pORN pLOUR I M^InP^L-LE^-BAINS. Puy-di'-Do,
_ron THE siCK-nomi. • 1 j /A: 'i!T'TT
B R °WN A pOLSONS pORN pLOUR
^■^,1 BA » * WORLD.mnB REFUTATION.
C H 0 0 0 L A T M E N I E K . I
.AMSTERDAM Awnnleil
ZXU1 BIT!ON, 18S3 . «Rand .
—- - diploma of iioNorn
C«OCOLAT MES1EU J lb . „ a ,
-
pHOCOLAT MENIER-Awarded Twenty-
c PRrZE MED.H.S.
-OCEVlli Myiiuw'il!. 11
pHOCOLAT MENIER.
_ _ So ld Everywhere.
Hotel des
spots, in S'.vitrcilainl tinh'HmL'! ,,na »tifiil
hnaiitifnl
Family h< is.. .• #.i. .
pOMPLIMEXTARY PRESENTS.
■^TEDDING PRESENTS.
C^K^™ llin ^, WEDDING
]\|APLE and CO.-BRONZES.
pis™ 5
^ LA ,e G ^^ International EXHIBITION
SMhm,- A “v.W muLi,«T{Kt w T VI-’ »»-.
hxlui.ition. b h t'Uat ^01 his Fair, The
; EXHIBITION.
:
- 1 |K ..-.OHM u.ue pas sell the Turnstiles.
: ( JLASGOVV International EXHIBITION
' S|»cci-il fh. -rn 0,1, ‘* Sf,lllin g-
.. ,rom 01
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, Aiiini.«i„ n . on,' ; b r.ii„;
ons iincluding Admjsi
cc Itailtvay Time Bills.
. . "■ mV,;,:
TfAPLE and CO.—BRONZES
< h:i«(;rs fdi.oiM J. . 'J 0 ' 1 "" • A '< • InteinJimr jmr.
I miiiii* in n, ia linn,,-,! ,,f niiin.iij'. 18 a *™“ *» lecn
i
0,1 '* “ f including sai mi nl.i)
I Wi„ II,",,,, ,„, X .,r,w^,, E O, G X|
HIS MAJESTY OicKINfi of ITALY.
his royal nions^iiV.K^- rRIXCE
.^.Ih'ct’for (o neral ;
JOHN It. WHITLEY, E.«,|.
rromil.-ut ,,f yh,. Rco-mi.,,1 ('..mminjo .
jTli# only l/o i'
Id rejmtation ; ino<lerafc charge*
pOCKLES
i s.and S
iVojirifi
| ITALIAN
■*• _ THE LREATsrn iiss or y
Paris,
Lnnilon,
^clv York.
^NTIBILIOUS
i , /'mil:"rt.‘lkfi,y. k, tti'!;ii,m"w"o.!
Ih-.uiien and Vicuna, r.mmiis*
'■ a nj« rc l 'favnnr 1)"p ' 1 c «
and sli^!
rs and I'ldlecinrVwutVlmt
colour, m price* that will
mi house m the world,
o-iu, Loudon j also at Paris
mr X H I B I T I 0 X.
Till" KXHMMTION 'o.^THr Yr'ilt
.hm
IhuJj.
Ott the '• \V|Ml
* '‘cell I 1(
Koma;
TIIK
'TALIAN ^Il'jt^Ij^Hl rAjtTlVoK 'nii'/’i'NVlt’STniES,
M:i*i„»c. ; „. w 1.0,,r,„}' A J, 0
piLLS.
I thoronglily
..
^rywhere,at ^<d,per^Bottie. 1 y Cheillii,C81X11,1 '‘cf.imcrp
fcaS^Sai
m&sBgmisstss 1
pOCKLES ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
__ FOIl
pOCKLES ANTIBILIOUS PJLLS.
FOR
poCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS
__ FOR IN DIi
COCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS
__ FOR HEA
INDIGESTION.
HEA - RTBtlnN.
TAYLOR'S CIMOLITE is the oTlt
I • »2
cmmi'm^lii^^^or^Poot-f^SejjSnorWjieiiii^o.omJj:
. MAPLE & CO.
| pURNITURE for EXPORTATION.
H L i X ? REDS °, f THOUSANDS of POUNDS'
I ilWivcry. A.l”«oSf 1 f»M“ 1 K n ;!;"^' f ,r,r Iniiinaliar.-
sysli-Mo o*l|l.li^oa nfiy ycar.i. 1 *»“"• forncl owh-a
y™?* weI1 as MERCHANTS arc
establishment RmITwor'i n A1 H iE ? T f ehnishin,:
"f I'oiinili‘ w. rill of , p, , ,™i^ r '?. B !i"i., u,l "' l "’l« "f llnnism.lo
r; rsioiioni wlirn ooiills urr AfVr'P'/ 'i" ''' 1 |e "' tt ' ra ;
J VJIfw Tin; roimurinn „f n»iV'„ r .‘-eL'. ur " ' " lmi ’ n ’ 81 ' fe
.Ji!!„ofsmyrm',?'' London; „
I lu'-MINATK^lAnnEY^lS
.Neapolitan Maml.dinists ami Sorrento Singer*! thulj\
I T £i L IAJf EXHIBITION
•*■ Adnn»»i„o 10 Hie ... k Oreo ii r 7 , ii iV
Arms, Kcircrary.
V.UTTH'AL TRAINING COLLEGE—The
wor.j!sto 7,,7!7P:;V'. T 7 '', n,x 'V , '' h - , o.e. ii.m“ C
fllA.MUKff
"II • "'ini a
'»» •••. Is III.IImceii In a
1 hi mi-, and 1 ii.iaiiu
ng-hiiic. K.t. Youiju'
of air,-, lllleiirl. fl f,.|-
Hiirtcen Vo lifir
the l
'add * from cic
washing. Ac. The'Bo-
"* ‘> n hoard this ship ^
•Innratty ninitially g,
■a Cadet ships' in iJic Itoyal
.tiiiisiiminer Vacation.
ohtained on a^jdication
7 Mark-ia n e, Li inrio'il/*
v - Jf-Hr u.n; a nt, If on. Secretary,
WALKER'S CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES
» T An Illustrated Catalogue of Watches n»l im.-ifa
rcdneml nr ices sent free on application to aM 1 ks Mt
«I0I1> WALKEIt, 77, Cornnill; and 330, RegdC-street.
204
AUG. 18, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
BY THE WATERS OF THE WEST.
Tier Majesty's approaching visit to Blythswood Hons© adds
another link to the long chain of Royal memories woven about
Strntholyde. Though little be remembered now of the fact,
the cradle of the Stuart race was by the side of those western
waters; nnd the Queen, under the roof of Sir Archibald
Campbell, rests within a mile of the early scat of her ancestors.
For on the slight rising-ground called the Castle Hill, between
Renfrew and the Clyde, stood the ancient home of the High
Stewards of Scotland.
Many a Royal visitor, since the days of the iron-crowned
Vikings, has sailed upon those swelling reaches of river and
firth, and scarcely a province in the land is richer in historic
memories than the fair valley of Strathclyde. The Royal
Lady of to-day, who is borne in her floating palace between
these green river shores and out among the tidal narrows of
the islanded Firth below, is bnt returning to the old pleasure-
waters of long-illustrious Kings. Here, in the last days of the
hero, nigh six hundred years ago, drifted the bannered galleys
of The Bruce. On the north bank of Clyde, at what is now the
farm of Castle Hill, below the fortress rock of Dumbarton, stood
the residence to which King Robert, his patriot task accom¬
plished, retired to spend the evening of his life. Much gay
pipe-musio then, songs and pleasant laughter, drifted about
silver reaches as they were visited by the parties from the
Court. The King himself may be imagined, grey-bearded and
somewhat worn with sickness, but fiery-eyed yet and huge¬
framed as when he slew Do Bohnn ; sitting with some old
friend like The Douglas in his galley’s stern, as, with trailing
draperies and rhythmic plash of oars, it sped by silver-sanded
bay and bosky islet, nnd disappeared. Tho roar of battle, too,
alas ! and the ring of steel, have more than onee been tho
music brought to these shores by their Royal visitors.
Further oat along the shores of tho Firth, above the shallows
of Fairlie it was, that Alexander III., tho last of Scotland’s
Celtic Kings, closed in conflict with the invading hosts of
Norway. Dark must have been the foreboding of many a
heart for Scotland, ns the mists rose on that far-off October
morning, and revealed the countless soldiery landing from
Haco’s fleet there on tho beach below. And fierce mast have
been the conflict when the Scottish host, led by their King,
rushed along those hill slopes into battle. Marks of that
carnage remain to this day, not, as at Hastings, in the rise of
a conquering aristocracy, but, more grimly, in the oairn-
tombs of the dead invader.
Other Royal memories, earlier as well as later than these,
linger in the valley of the Clyde. Dumbarton, the Celtio
Balclutha, old even in Ossian's time, was the capital of the
British kingdom of Strathclyde. Between these ownerships was
heard there the tramp of the Roman legions, who made it
their naval station of Theodosia; and more than once since
then has the fate of a kingly house hung upon possession of
that fortress-rock. About Rothesay Castle, too, survives many
a tale of the Scottish Kings. There Robert III. died of grief
upon hearing that his son James, afterwards first of that
name, hod been taken at sea by the English. And there a
curious thing once happened to one of his descendants. On a
summer day in lo.Sfi, James V. set sail for France, to marry a
daughter of the Duke of Vendome. Bnt the nobles who were
with him, caring little for the match, took the slight liberty
of altering the ship’s course during the night; and the sur¬
prise and wrath of the King may be imagined when next
morning he found himself quietly anchored in Rothesay Bay.
The closeness of the Stuart connection with Strathclyde in
bygone times even appears in some of the most ancient of the
Royal titles. As heir to tho Scottish throne, the Prince of
Wales remains to this day Duke of Rothesay and Baron of
Renfrew. , . .... , .
The aspect of river and firth, however, has mightily changed
since Rothesay was a Royal residence, and Stuart Queens were
buried in Paisley Abbey. Instead of the wildfowl which the
young Wallace once doubtless shot by the river s edge below
Elderslie, there come now up the estuary Atlantic liners of
six thousand tons ; and where the pipe-music of The Bruce’s
galley8 once floated gaily out upon the water, is to be heard
to-day the myriad clinking hammers of the rivetters building
new iron steamships in Dumbarton yards. But most signal,
perhaps, of the changes that have taken place is the object of
the Royal visitor of to-day. The Kings of bygone times
came here to make war or to rest from it; their descendant at
the present hour comes altogether in the interest of the arts
of peace.
And it seems altogether appropriate that, when perhaps the
most important part of the Industrial Exhibition to be
patronised concerns the problem of women's work, the Royal
patron should be of the gentler sex.
There can be little doubt that at the present moment one
of the chief social problems regards the employment of women.
It is a sad fact, but none the less true, that marriage is every
year becoming impossible to a larger number of girls. There
are already in the United Kingdom several hundred thousand
more women than men. Every year, besides, owing to the
growing competition and difficulty of making a livelihood, the
number of young men unable to marry is steadily increasing.
Every year,therefore, it is becoming necessary foralargernumber
of women to trust to their own efforts for provision in life. The
fear only is that they may choose unwisely in selecting fields for
their energies. In most of the callings, such as clerkship, in
which they compete with male labour, women, by decreasing
the employment of men. are lessening the chances of marriage
open to their sex. Such a result is undesirable for political
reasons as well as morally, and it is to prevent such mis¬
direction of energy that attention may most profitably be
turned. This end may be largely served by the Women's
Industry Section of the Glasgow International Exhibition
about to be visited by her Majesty. Thcro suggestions aro to
be had of employments which, remaining distinctly feminine
and in no way interfering with male labour, avoid the on-
desired results pointed out above. Ubere are several employ¬
ments, it is true, such as that of drapers’ assistants, at present
filled by men, which seem better fitted for women ; but even
here the substitution is cansing some hardship. Besides such
occupations, however, and others, like the teaching of
infauts’ - schools, peculiarly within woman’s province,
there are many, both of the decorative and useful arts, in
which female labour may quite safely find a sphere. These arts
the Glasgow Exhibition should largely help to make known ;
and the present Royal visit, happily, is likely to draw increased
attention to them.
Her Majesty's Rojourn, now, by the Clyde, must recall many
memories of her former visit to it, in 1847, accompanied by tho
late Prince Consort; and it will not be forgotten that many
changes, great and various—some of them, alas! full of
sadness—have occurred since then. G. E.-T.
Another addition has been made to the strength of the
Navy by the launch, from Chatham Dockyard, of the war-
cruiser Medusa, a sister ship to the Medea, recently completed
at Chatham. She is intended to be employed as a swift cruiser,
steaming at twenty knots an hour.
THE 2ȣ .A. 2T XT S' Ji. O T TJ iR I 2ST Or
FASHIONABLE MARRIAGES.
The marriage of the Hon. Alwyne Greville, second eon of the
Earl and Countess of Warwick, with Miss Mabel Elizabeth
Georgina Smith, only daughter of the late Mr. Ernald Smith, of
Selsdon Park, Croydon, was celebrated on Aug. 8, at St. Paul's,
Knightsbridge. The officiating clergy were the Bishop of
Rochester, assisted by the Rev. B. Bayly, Curate of St. Paul's.
The bride entered the church with her uncle. Colonel Murray,
of Polmaise Castle, and was subsequently given away by her
mother. The bridal dress was white satin striped brocade train
and bodice, with white embroidered crepe de Chine in front, and
festooned at the side with white satin ribbon and orange-blossom.
She wore a tiara of diamonds, the gift of the bridegroom ;
and necklace of pearls, the gift of her mother. The six brides¬
maids—Lady Eva Greville, sister of the bridegroom, Miss Hilda
Smith, Miss Charteris, Miss Hall, Miss Seymour, and Miss
Heseltine—were dressed in white erdpe de Chine, in Empire
style, with broad yellow moir£ sashes. They also wore yellow
poppy bonnets, and carried large bouquets of clove carnations.
Their ornaments were a ‘‘ spray of May ” brooch in diamonds,
the gift of the bridegroom. The bridegroom’s brother, tho
Hon. Sidney Greville, was best man. Among the presents
were a handsome pair of silver candelabra from the Prince
and Princess of Wales. Princes Albert Victor and George of
Wales also sent presents. The bride’s going-awny dress was
grey cashmere with white moird petticoat, and lily-of-the-
valley bonnet.
The marriage of Mr. Edmund R. Tnrton, son of Captain
and Lady Cecilia Turtou, of Upsall Castle, Yorkshire, with
Miss Clementina Ponsonby, daughter of the lion. Sir S. and
Lady Ponsonby Fane, took place on Aug. 9 at Brympton
Church, near Yeovil, Somersetshire, in the presence of a largo
number of relations and friends. The bridegroom was attended
by his brother (Mr. R. B.Turton) as best man ; and the brides¬
maids were Miss and Miss Ceciliu Tnrton (sisters of the bride¬
groom), and Misses V. Ponsonby, M. Phelips, and C. Phclips
(nieces of the bride). The bride was given away by her father,
the Hon. Sir S. Ponsonby Fane.
The marriage of Mr. Whistler and Mrs. Godwin took place
on Aug. 11 at St. Mary Abbott’s, Kensington. Mr. Labonchere,
M.P., gave the bride away.
Mr. Charles Mathews, of the Western Circuit, was married
on Aug. 11 at St. Peter's Church. Onslow-gardens, to Miss
Sloper. the eldest daughter of the late well-known musician,
Mr. Lindsay Sloper.
Mr. W. H. Clay and Mr. W. E. Mirehouso have been ap¬
pointed revising barristers on the Oxford circuit in the
place of Mr. Bros and Mr. Plowden, who have been appointed
police Magistrates.
In their final report, the Commissioners on the Elementary
Education Acts state that, while they desire to securo for the
children in the public elementary schools the most thorough
instruction in secular subjects, they arc unanimously of opinion
that their religious and moral training is of still higher
importance.
A Parliamentary paper contains a Treasury minute adopt¬
ing and carrying out several of the recommendations of the
Committee on Perpetual Pensions. These are—1. That ] en-
sions, allowances, and payments ought not in future to be
granted in perpetuity; 2. That offices with salaries and
without duties, or with merely nominal duties, ought to be
abolished ; 3. That all existing Perpetual Pensions, allowances,
and payments should be determined and abolished.
GOLDSMITHS’ & SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY,
Show-Rooms: 112, REGENT-STREET, LONDON, W.
Supply the Public direct at Manufacturers’ Cash Prices, saving Purchasers from 25 to 50 per Cent.
SOLID SILVER.—The largest
*** and choicest Stock In London. Mnny of
the designs nro reproductions of the antique,
at about one-third thecostof tho original, whilst
othciM nro the Company's special designs, nnd
cannot be obtained elsewhere.
WEDDING PRESENTS.—
Special attention Is devoted to tho pro-
d Furnishing
mmeasurably
winch me arrange! In special cases for tho
convenience of customers. Every article is
m irked In plain figures for cash without dts-
c uint. Intending purchasers should juy fi visit
of lusjxjctlon before deciding elsewhere, and are
assured of not being importuned to purchn.se.
QHRISTENING PRESENTS.
BIRTHDAY PRESENTS.
TVTESS PLATE, of a Military
diameter, specially designed to order.
Figures or groups introducing the uniform of
any regiment modelled In the highest style of
art. Regiments returning from abroad supplied
with complete outfits of table plate. Old plate
QPOONS AND FORKS.—Trebly
pi a led with pure Silver on the finest hard
thorough
TABLE CUTLERY.—With best
Solid Silver Cabinet Photoi
price £3 15ft.
ulnd Spc
Servers,
Selected
PRESENTATION PLATE.-A
mngnlflcont .took of high-class jilato. com-
prising Tea nnd Coffee Services, Centre-Pieces,
Dessert-Stands, Cnudolnbrn, Race Cups, Bowls,
Tankards, Beakers, Jugs, &c., at prices from £1
to £1000. Special anil original designs by the
Company's own artists prepared free of charge
for committees and others.
(CAUTION.—The Company re-
grot to find that ninny of their Designs are
being copied in a very inferior quality, charged
at higher prices, and inserted In a similar form
of advertisement, which is calculated to mislead
the public.
They beg to notify that their only J.ondon
retail address is 112, KEGENT-STIti£ET r W.
“A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS.
Wo know of no enterprise of recent
year# which has been crowned with greater
sncc'^s than tho Goldsmiths* and Silversmiths'
Company, of 112, Itogent-stroet, who. Just seven
years ago, opene 1 their show-rooms to place the
pro lnctlonsof their workshops direct before tho
public, thus saving purchasers the numerous
interfile Hate profits which are obtained by
'middlemen' on high-class goods. Such has
been the appreciation by the public that tho
Company have now the largest business In
England, and are quite supplanting the old-
fashioned houses that pride themselves upon
having been established so many decades, but
futro utterly failed to keep pace with the times,
m J find it impossible to depart from their long-
Tedlt system, entailing bad debts, for which cash
myeri have to compensate."—Court Journal.
GOLDSMITHS’ AND SILVERSMITHS' COMPANY, 112,
COUNTRY CUSTOMERS have
_ through this means the advantage of
COLONIAL AND FOREIGN
v Orders executed with the utmost care cud
faithfulness under the immediate supervision
of a member of tho Company. Where the selec¬
tion la left to the firm, customers may rely upon
rices be
election
Suit mm
TESTIMONIALS.—The numerous
THE QUEEN ANNE SERVICE.
Tea and Coffee Service, four pieces, £23 I5t.
.. .i „ £9 10s.
mm,, VI durability of their manufactures.
™**** - ^ OLD PLATE taken in Exchange
tl pint?jiriraJ6t! ° r Bol « ht ' tor C “ h '
MEDALS.—Awarded Seven Gold
ami Prize Meilnls and tho Loglon of
ifrr^^ Honour, n special distinction conferred on this
jgS QiSP Firm for the excellence of their manufactures.
CATALOGUE, containing tbon-
sands of designs, bcootifudy illustrated,
sent post-free to all parts of tins world.
CATALOGUE POST-FREE.
illustrate
L> LONDON NEWS
BENHAM &
SONS
PETER ROBINSON,
Oxford-st.
Annual summeiTsale.
CHIMNEY-PIECES, ST(
COOKING APPARATUS
ci J£ UNDRIES , lifts, e’i
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, EL
___WIGMORE-STREET,
NOW PROCEEDING.
SILKS, DRESSES,
mantles,
COSTUMES, DRAPERY, 4c.
3°J k ^eces^COLOURED MOI
T,£ e r?T^ REi) BRticAD Eb HtK8. £0
suitable for Toa Gowns, very rich per van I n
Tra.nr C,1 ^ R ° CADE8 ’ 8U,tabI *
Tialns and Bridal wear .. ,„ r „
WO CASHMftRE and MERINO SU K rat
broidered robes, - ~ EM '
in Black, Browns,
with doublo quantity-
each
18 NEW BOND SIW.
in various
LOUIS”
VELVETEEN
“ y 7 bears the “ame “LOUIS,” and
the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
qnality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
to THnT^fr Ple3 ° f the New sha<i e8
Lond p p AL u IS and C0 ” Hedhbrn-cirous,
London, E.C., who supply all shades and all
qualities at most reasonable prices.
g50 BLACK PEAIJ DU
PLUSH MOIRE,
BEADED, GRENADINE,
MANTLES, in numerous i
somely trimmed jet and Ince,
value, lonner prl
STRIPED SILK,
and LACK
designs, linnd-
01 exceptional
6 guineas, reduced to
1 guinea to £3 3
PICHUS, and
ick and
Lace
v and
prices, from 1 to
18s. 9d. to 3 13
MANTLES and VISITES,
l wut, original prices, 2 to
475 PELERINES, CAPES
SHORT DRESSY MANTLES, Bl...,
Colours, In combination of Silk and Jet,
and Jot, Velvet and Jet, and many nev
effective designs, original
5 guineas, reduced to
350 BLACK CLOTH MAN
trimmed Lace and Jet,
6 guineas, reduced to
pETER ROBINSON,
Oxford-st.
& KNEW8TUB, LIMITED,
SEVENTY^ THOUSAND POUNDS,
STAKS, TIARAS,‘‘NECKLACES.' 1 BRAU PT.P Ty
BROOCHES, SOLITAIRES,
EARRINGS, PENDANTS, SCARP PINS
GEM RINGS, &c., ’
A" ^™yu*'chcaj, ,
& WST1TB
to Her Majesty ‘he.Quoen an,) T.U.II. t |, c |. r „,„ and ’
3AS T. JAMM-gWwZl £ rSum-awnne, s . w
ROBINSON and CLEAVER'S
MM cambric pocket
mtik handkerchiefs.
Mmum robinson i cleaver, Belfast!
magnesia.
temlnrec. Onur, and **11,(heesn t >f tl,c Stomach. Hnal-thitro,
beaut if,.
^W°niy
V I™?,'* C in R i “ V INHALATION.
BAYUSS, JONES. & BAYLISS
‘ "'RHAMPrON. 1
London Of
durinc summer
DELICATE SKIN
FOR INFANTS AND INVALIDS.
COCOATINA
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa 01
GUARANTEED PURE
Sold in I lb.. Jib,,
BY CHEMISTS,
r Chocolate Powder.
SOLUBLE COCOA.
ana 1 lb. Tina.
GROCERS, &c.
d the
cured people who have been
PraetlmTf ty A,ter H
praaiealteat.St.JarobsDunaa
« different International Exhibitions
Ha. „ “ nqucr P“ ln - It Is used ettei
a »< Dispensaries o f tL
■h^S th ?' nni1 also °“ b0 “ rd h <*r Mi
«P to whim ar<i stoara “flhip Companj
tayeilowwmp r ^ri?’ h rh,, rf ““ <thc 011
Wrtienlarlyad^Sd forn» l ^™ lle,lUi .
Price 2s fid i» P JwT, * " 0n honse8 * cattle, and
out the worid . B f tU> ’ al1 doa]cr * ln Medicine th
The Ch.rt« i v “f nt ' l' 0!it "tree, by the
London" n ^ Corapony
. reslutod
u t of a lifetime. It has
rippled with pain for more
horough and
received Six Gold Medals
■ its marvellous
snsively in tho
metropolis and
injesty’s Troop-
iy’8 Fleet. Put
also sold
added as are
ddogs),
hrongb- I
Proprietors,
Farrtogdon-road, I
Contents Symptoms of Dys¬
pepsia and Indigestion ; Special
Advice as to Diet and Regimen:
Diseases Sympathetic : Notes for
Dysijeptire: Beverages, Air,
and \ emulation ; Particulars of
numerous Dyspeptic Cases. Sent
for one stamp.
Address: Publisher, 43, Holbom
Viaduct, London, E.C.
V * PATENT
raoifilv^ft Vcrteerion for those
?‘V !>■ n is almost impossible
• a,,.? Vfiwr, fl’Ort n r lllot, ana
• nearly as ofien as Other
The Ladles’ Pattr.-a,
per Box of Two Dozen.
filial CORPUI
■ -*■ ncc ,'ff ant ' not <* how to 1
xofX^ 03 -^ 1 -
Price Is, per Box, or 3s. per Gross. tho tmeone S bUVonX'ai
; SOlD *r ALL STATIONERS. iSS? fiMfi ^ $1
Wholesale: HOLBORM VIADUCT, LONDON. *7.
20G
THE ILLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. IS, 1883
THE ROYAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
The Annual congress of the Royal Archaeological Institute was
opened in the Townhall, Leamington, on Aug. 7, under the
presidency of Lord Leigh, Lord Lieutenant of the county. At
noon the members of the institute and of the Warwickshire
Archaeological and Natural History Society were publicly
welcomed and received by the Mayor of Leamington, Earl
Percy having vacated the presidential chair in favour of his
temporary successor.
Lord Leigh gave his presidential address in which he
welcomed the institute on their second visit to that county ;
their former visit having been made nearly a quarter of a
century ago tinder Lord Talbot’s presidency. He gave a brief
outline of the objects of interest which they were abont to
inspect, and warned them that Warwickshire men would nob
regard with greater favour the man who attempted to remove
tbeir belief in Shakspeare than those who would remove his bones.
At one o'clock there was an adjournment for luncheon; and
soon after two o’clock the members went by train to Stratford-
on-Avon, to inspect the scenes of Shakspeare’s infancy, edu¬
cation, and after-life, visiting his birthplace in Henley-street,
the grammar-school which he attended as a boy, the Guild
Chapel in Chapel-street, the garden and site of New Place,
where he lived after his retirement, the Memorial Theatre and
market fountain, lately erected in his honour, and the parish
church, which contains his ashes and his tomb. The return
journey to Leamington was made in ample time for dinner, and
for the opening of the antiquarian section, in the great room
at the Townhall, by the Rev. J. Hirsfc, in the evening.
The 8th was a busy day, and the party paid visits to
Broughton Castle, Lord Saye and Sele’s fine place on the
borders of Oxfordshire, and to Compton Wynyates, the once
moated home of the Comptons, Lords Northampton. At four
o'clock the bugle sonnded for retreat, and the party drove
back to Banbury, taking on their way the beautiful church
of Adderbury, renowned for its fine Decorated windows, Per¬
pendicular chancel, and graceful tower and spire. Here they
were entertained at tea by Dr. Thorne on the lawn of his
hospitable house. The chief features of the church having
been hastily explained by Canon Venables, of Lincoln, the
party returned by train to Leamington in time for the evening
meetings of the several sections.
The members visited Beauchamp Chapel, Leycester Hospital,
and the castle at Warwick on the 9th. At Warwick Museum,
a vase which had been dug up during the construction of the
Suez Canal was opened by Mr. Hirst, president of the archce-
ological section, and found to contain a number of human
bones, evidently those of a child. The vase i9 of exquisite
workmanship, and in excellent preservation, and was pro¬
nounced to be Etruscan and of great antiquity. The members
were entertained at the castle by Lord Warwick, and in tbo
evening they attended a conversazione given by the Mayor of
Leamington at the Townhall.
The archaeologists made an early start on the 10th, as they
had a long and busy day before them, and their journey was
to be made entirely by road. Their first halt was at Baginton
church, where Mr. W. G. Fretton acted as their guide and
interpreter over the church and the site of the ancient castle.
From Baginton the party, reinforced by a large local con¬
tingent. made their way on to Stoneleigh. where the ruins and
remains of the ancient abbey were explained and commented
upon by Mr. Fretton. They then inspected the modern mansion
of Lord Leigh, and the pictures and other treasures belonging
to the family. They also were shown the interior of .Stone¬
leigh church, with its fine Norman doorway, chancel arch.
and curious font, and other decorations and monuments, in¬
cluding that to the Duchess of Dudley, who was a daughter of
the noble House of Leigh. At two o'clock they sat down to
luncheon in. the abbey cloister, and on leaving passed a vote
of thanks to their noble president. Their next halt was r.t
Kenilworth, where Mr. Hartsborne acted as their guide and
interpreter, showing them the grouud-plan of the castle r.s it
was in the days of Elizabeth, almost surrounded by the lake,
now dry. Leaving Kenilworth, they went on to Guy’s Cliff,
where they took tea with Miss Bertie Percy, and were conducted
through the little chapel and hermitage by Mr. Harfcshorne.
On Saturday, the 11th, the proceedings of the members
were directed to the ancient city of Coventry, so rich in
media)val buildings and events. They travelled thither, a
hundred strong, by railway soon after breakfast, and were
received on their arrival by Mr. Fretton, who acted as their
guide and interpreter as they visited the ancient structures to
which he had already introduced them in a paper which he
read in the historical section on Friday evening. Among the
places specially visited were St. Mary’s Hall, St. Michael’s and
Trinity Churches, the Benedictine Priory, and the site of the
ancient Cathedral Church of Coventry and theHospitium adjoin¬
ing. They next inspected the remains of the ancient walls and
gates of the city. St. John’s Hospital, so long used as a free
grammar school, the Collegiate. Church of St. John, and the
Bablake Hospital. The party then proceeded to lunch at the
Craven Arms Hotel, after which they were led by Mr. Fretton
over the Palace Yard, the buildings of the White Friars or
Carmelites (now used as the Coventry Union), St. Anne’s
(formerly the Carthusian Monastery), the Park Walls, the
Manor House of Cheylesmore, the Grey Friars (now Christ
Church), and Ford’s Hospital. The return journey was made
in time for the party to dine and afterwards to hear the papers
read in the antiquarian and architectural sections.
The members of the institute attended Divine service at
the parish church of Leamington on Sunday, the 12th, when
the sermon was preached by the Rev. Dr. Cox.
Monday, the 13th, was a busy day. The members visited
Baddesley Clinton, one of the finest of the old Warwickshire
mansions, where the Rev. Mr. Norris acted as their guide.
They afterwards proceeded to Knowle, where they inspected
the church, a fine structure of the type so common in Norfolk.
They reached Solihull soon after noon and lunched, after
which they were shown the chnrch and the curious chantry
chapel of St. Alphage. They next visited Meriden and Berkes-
well churches, which were described to them by Mr. W. G.
Fretton, who drew special attention to the Norman crypt and
parvis at the latter place, and the well which gives its name
to the parish. They quitted Berkeswell by train for Learning-
ton in time for the concluding evening meeting at the Town¬
hall, where votes of thanks were passed to Lord Leigh, Lord
Percy, the Mayors of the towns which the members had
visited, and those persons who had either hospitably received
them or had read papers.
Tuesday and Wednesday were two extra days, devoted to an
exploration of the abbeys and churches of Leicester, and of
the many fine parish churches of the county, ending by a
visit to Ratcliffe College and its library.
The Queen has consented to be the patron of the British
Archaeological Association’s Congress at Glasgow, which will
commence on Aug. 27. The Prince of Wales has also con¬
sented to be patron in his capacity as Duke of Rothesay, Earl
of Carrick, and Baron Renfrew.
The forty-third annual meetings of the Cambrian Archa)o-
logical Association were opened on Aug. 13 at Cowbridge, and
continued for six days. There was a large gathering of
members from all parts of the Principality and many parts of
England. The presidential address was delivered before a large
audience in the Townhall by the Bishop of Llandaff, the
president-elect. _
The August nights have presented beautiful sights to thesa
who look skywards, with the flashing of meteors across the
sky. The earth began to pass through the meteoric stream on
Aug. 7, and these jewelsof thedarkness continued until the 13th.
The next dates for meteors are Sept. 1 and 6. The same dates
in November are Bet down for these beautiful visitants, and
from the 11th to the 15th, and again on the 19th and 27th.
The forty-ninth annual general meeting of the Royal
Botanic Society was held on Aug. 10. Mr. J. P. Gnssiot (Vice-
President) being in the chair. The council and auditors’
reports showed the society to be in a fairly satisfactory state,
though the recent cold wet season had proved very unfor¬
tunate for some of the floral exhibitipns. In the ordinary
scientific work of the society a general improvement was
noticeable, the collections of plants and flowers having
received numerous additions of great economic and general
interest. The efforts of the society for the furtherance of
technical education by the privileges it offers to students had
also been highly appreciated.
An improved system of shoeing horses has been introduced by
Mr. William South, of New Bond-street. The great fault in
ordinary shoes is that they do not allow the feet to touch tho
ground in the natural manner. The “ Rational ” shoe, how¬
ever, enables the frog and heel to be brought into natural
healthy play, the hoof being put down flat on the sole. Tlis
shoe is made of specially prepared steel bars, and fits the
front half of the hoof only. A groove is ent in the edge of
the hoof to the shape of the shoe, but slightly less in depth,
so that the plate fits in flush with the wall or crust, and
almost flush with the sole. The horse is thus able to place
the foot down flat, in the natural way, the front rim of the
hoof being protected by the shoe against the friction of the
road, and the whole of the natural pad or frog and the sole is
brought into proper play. The footing thus secured is
stated to be absolutely safe on the most slippery surface.
The great annual meeting of archers from all parts of the
kingdom has been held in York. The champion honours were
won by Mr. C. E. Nesham and Miss Legh. The leading score
prizes fell to Mr. C. E. Nesham, 820, and Miss Legh, 732 ;
second to Mr. H. H. Palairet, 781, and Mrs. W. Yates Foot, 065 ;
third to Mr. E. 0. Gsdge, 759, and Mrs. Eyre Hussey, 043;
fourth to Mr. E. N. Snow, 757, and Miss B. Bagnall Oakeley,
022 ; fifth to Mr. F. A. Govetfc, 714, and Miss B. M. Legh, 590 ;
and sixth to Mr. F, L. Govett, filifi, and Miss M. A. Wimvood, 599.
Mr. Nesham took the Spedding memorial cup for first gross
score. The county challenge prizes were won by the Middlesex
team (Messrs. Govett, Messrs. Longman, Mr. L. R. Erskine, and
Colonel Lewin), 3630; and by the Gloucestershire team (Miss
Legh, Miss Oakeley, the Rev. B. M. Legh. Mrs. Piers Legh.
Miss Cholmondeley, and Miss Carnegy), 3252. The greatest
number of golds were:—Mr. G. Knowles, 13, and Miss F.
Bardsvvell, 15 ; and the best golds, Mr. F. R. Preston and Mrs.
George Bird. Of the associated chib prizes, the first gross
scores were Mr. L. R. Erskine, 037, and Mrs. H. Clarke, 510 ; the
second ditto. Major Fisher, 031. and Miss E. Palmer, 515 ; the
most golds, Captain Garnett and Mr. Gregson (prize divided), 11;
and Mrs. R. Berens, 14 ; best golds, Mr, C. II. Everett and Mrs.
C. E. Nesham. Major Fisher has succeeded Sir R. Temple r.s
president of the National Society.
WOMEN MAKING CARPETS AT OUCHAK.
FOREIGN RUGS AND CARPETS
Of every Description, and in all Sizes, imported in Large Quantities by
TRELOAR & SONS, 68, 69, & 70, Lndgate-hill, London, E.C.
KURDESTAN CARPETS, 21s. each.; about 3 yds. long, 5 ft. wide.
£07
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
[N THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE.—Gosnell v. Durrant—On Jan. 28, 1887, Mr. Justice CMtty
granted a Perpetual Injunction, with costs, restraining Mr. George Reynolds Durrant from Infringing
Messrs. John Gosnell and Co.’s Registered Trade-Mark, CHERRY BLOSSOM.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS_
^DE 3 onre» c. I
a ®jt/Kl;lQHToF TH E 0R0 ERofLE0P0L0ofBEL6IUM <
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Sir HETTIIY MARSH, Bart., M.2>., Sir G. D1TNCAW GIBB, Bart., M.3><,
Physician in Ordinary to the Queen in Ireland. Physician to the Westminster Hospital .
rsjrsw- “ The value of Dr. DbJosoh’b Light-Brown Cod-Liver
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0*1 to be a very pure Oil, not likely to create disgust, and chiefly . of an exhaustive character, has been admitted
a therapeutic agent of great value.” • *-• .. ..
SAMUEL BROTHERS.
X>r. EDGAR SHEPPARD, inn
Professor of Psychological Medicine. King's College. „ i^^SSetcdax and
“Da. Dr Jovc.ji’s Light-Brown Cod-Liver Oil has the Disease, Da. De Jong
rare excellence of being well borne und assimilated by greater therapeutic effic
stomachs which reject the ordinary Oils.” with which I am acquai
by the world of medicine.”
Dr. SIITCLAXR COCHILL,
Physician to the Hospital for Consumption, Vcntnor.
“ In Tubercular and the various forms of Strumoi
Disease, Da. Dr Joxoii’s Light-Brown Oil possess
greater therapeutic efficacy than any other Cod-Liver C
with which I am acquainted.”
BOYS’ SCHOOL
OUTFITS.
Messrs. SAMUEL
BROTHERS have
ready for Immediate
use a very large assort¬
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Youths' Clothing.
They will also
bo pleased to Bend,
upon application, pat-
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for the wear of Gentle¬
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together with their
llGW' ILLUSTRATED
Catalogue of Fash¬
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300 Engravings. This
l furnishes details of the
I various departments,
f with Price-Lists, &c.,
and is a useful Guide
to Fashionable Cos¬
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Boys, nnd Ladies.
J - SAMUEL BROTHFRS
Sold ONLY in Capsuled Imwrial Half-Pints, 2a. 0d.; Pints, 4f. 9d.; Quarts, 9s.; by all Chemist, and Druggists. “ x im -i : n t n O.
Sale Consignees ANSAR, B&RFORD, &. CO., 210. High Holborn, London, W.C. I Merchant Tailors, Outfitters, &C.,
CA UTION.—Resist mercenary attempt, to recommend or substitute inferior kinds. gg jfc gy^ Ludg'ate-hill, London, E.C.
The “ HV^HIPPET ” CYCLES. HEW ILLUSTRATED C ATALOdUS to July, 1886, now roiLdy.
In designing our Cycles for this season, wc have devoted our attention to por- (
feeling those styles which have boen so successful in the past. We have also (
added several new' designs which we have thoroughly tested ourselves before 1
placing them on the Market, nnd we arc able, therefore, to submit thorn to tho
approval of our patrons without hesitation.
We removed the one great inconvenience which Interfered with the
pleasures of cycling-viz., the v ibration communicated by every Inequality
of the road through handle, saddle, and pedals to the rider. This great
inconvenience has long been patiently submitted to, because it vu ,
supposed to be inevitable.
The success of the “ WHIPPET ” Spring Frame has caused nearly the who le
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CYCLES. Intending purchasers should remember that “ THE
WHIPPET ” stands out clearly as THE ONLY MACHINE upon which
THE RIDER IS COMPLETELY INSULATED FROM ALL VIBRATION.
SOLE MANUFACTURERS AND PATENTEES,
LINLEY & BIGGS,
80, Clerkenwell - road, London, E.C.
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As supplied to the
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beautifully ongravod or plain, m leather-
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THE “TOURIST,” 41 in. (Closed), 40s.; THE “UNIVERSAL,” 45 in., 65s.;
THE “MILITARY STAFF,” 54 in., £5 15s.
NESTLE’S FOOD
AN ENTIRE DIET FOR INFANTS.
H Supplies all the elements necessary for the complete nourish-
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jjSLj , v* Nestle’s Food, being partly composed of milk, is complete
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like other Infants’ Foods, which require milk to be added in
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Pamphlet with Medical Testimonial*, sent, p»t-free, on application to H. NESTLE, 0, Snow-hill, London, E.C.
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»»i5Siarwij
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EMISSION ABROAD.
SATURDAY, AUGUST 25, 1888.
TWO
WHOLE SHEETS
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THE INFANT KING OF SPAIN, ALFONSO XIII.
’ALL-MALL.
1BITIOX
'ROM
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 2.'., 1888
210
OUR NOTE BOOK
BY JAMES PAYN.
*ihe notion of modelling our public men in wax, fitting them
ivitil the Edison phonograph, and sending them round the
country. so that, unlike Sir Boyle Roche, they can be in two
places tor even twenty) at once, and address their adherents
in ■' manifold," reflects the greatest, credit on its originator.
Khakspoare himself only imagined a limited number of Rich¬
monds in the field ; but this gentleman has discovered a
method of multiplying them indefinitely, and deserves the
thanks of a grateful country. It is much easier to hit upon
an improvement than to originate an idea: and it is with
great humility that I venture to suggest that these duplicated
orators should be moulded in some other substance than wax.
In the crowded assemblies which they would, without doubt,
address, they would be apt to melt, and not only in
moments of pathos. It would be a serious blow to the
e.'Ieet of an *' indignation speech" to see the orator's ears
droop or his nose drop off. He would also be much
too subject to impressions—perhaps even from the other
side. Hot weather, too, would have an injurious effect
upon him, and a torchlight procession might be his ruin.
No; it would bo much better to cast him in metal, at once
“ more attractive" and more durable. An “iron frame” is
often spoken of with approbation, and the material is just
n nv exceptionally cheap. Where money was no object, his
substance might be of white marble (typifying the gentleman's
innocence and integrity) with just a vein of two (of sarcasm
or something) to show he was human after all. It would also
be not impossible for political opponents, if he happened to
be one of our many turn-coats, to carry him about in brass,
with a phonograph inside him speaking the speeches he used
to speak when he belonged to their side.
When the sage of old exclaimed “ Oh ! that my enemy would
write a book !" newspapers and serials had not been invented,
or he would certainly have substituted for “ a book ” the words
•• in a popular periodical.” The cabbage stalks and dead cats
that greet the book-writer from the critics are mere mignon¬
ette and sweet-briar compared with the missiles that are
thrown at the journalist when he is caught tripping—which
has. alas, been my case. The arrows of my accusers darken
the air ; many of them are not at all of the barbed kind, but
are winged with wit, and are shot from the bow of good nature;
but the point of each of them goes home, because I am not
fenced about (as I usually am) with the armour of innocence
and accuracy. “ Sir, 1 A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog.’ (lor* contain the letter h. as well as all the other letters
of the alphabet, and some of them twice and even more." Oh,
yes. I know it now; young men and maidens, old men and
children—nay, almost babes and snoklings (for one of them
writes: “ I am only six, but I know better than that ")
have all written to tell me so. About a hundred of them
cruelly write. “ Be so good as to explain this in your next
issue.” When a similar demand was made of erring T)r.
Johnson, he coolly answered, “ Pure ignorance, Madam.” My
excuse is even less valid than his. for it is “ Pure laziness.” I.
unhappily, took the word of another person for the fact without
verifying it for myself. But the number of foxes of all colours
that have jumped, not over the lazy dog. but on him, in conse¬
quence, is beyond belief. I positively dare not open a let'er
with the handwriting of which I am not familiar. The punish¬
ment seems out of all proportion to the offence; I try. how¬
ever, to console myself with reflecting how many worse offences
I havecommitted which have never been found out by anybody.
The Greek Judge who has been doing such wonderful
walking in the hot season in his own country has come over
here to astonish the natives with similar feats ; unfortunately,
he finds himself in the position—or, rather, in exactly the
reverse of it—of the ship Captain who arrived on the Gold
Coast with a cargo of fire rugs. There is no opportunity for
the appreciation of his gift. He has come to a country
without a summer, or with a summer without heat in
i.. He is no doubt an admirable administrator of justice,
but he is not a good judge of climate. What on earth
is to lie done with him ! Persons who have been accustomed
to much sunshine, and find fog instead, are apt to get out of
temper. Years ago, a Vice-Chancellor of Oxford had to enter¬
tain a distinguished Parsec, and complained that he was very
rude. "I observed to him,” he narrated (“by way of saying
something, you know"), “ we have not seen the sun, Sir
Jamsetjee, for three days”; whereupon he replied (looking
uncommonly black, I assure you), ■* What's that to you ? To
me it is really of some consequence, because the Sun is
my Deity." _
The papers, I sec, are full of notices of the late popular
American novelist whom Matthew Arnold rather curtly
described as “ a native author called Roe.” I have read none
of this gentleman’s works myself and make no pretence to
judge of their merits, but there is certainly something wrong
in the estimate formed of their “ unrivalled circulation." An
American paper tells us it is computed that “ a million and a
half of people ” have read one or more of his novels. This is
nothing surprising, and happens to many English novelists.
The popular novel is now generally published by syndicate ; in
the case of a favonrite writer, perhaps, by ten provincial
papers at the same time; they are penny papers, and
the best of them, which give the best prices, and therefore
command the best authors, have very large circulations, say
80,000. The same novel is simultaneously published in one or
mor- American serials, and in Australian and other colonial
journals. This gives a total issuo of above 400.000, or, to keep
clear of exaggeration, lei ns say 300,000. Now, it. is calculated,
and I think with justice, that, taking into consideration the
clubs, the mechanics’ institutes, and the family, that every
periodical lias six readers to eaoh buyer. This gives the popular
English novel no less than 1.800.000 readers, in serial. Then
comes the book itself, from its (nominal) 31s. fid. edition down
to its two shilling, or even shilling form ; its authorised and
pirated Amerioan editions; its translation into certainly two
or three languages ; and its Tauehnitz edition. Well may the
Bishop of Ripon talk of the “ responsibility ” of the British
novelist, if it is to be measured by the extent of his public.
It is no wonder in these days of worry and overwork that
panaceas for obtaining sleep should receive a little more atten¬
tion perhaps than they deserve. The lastsonc, which is. how¬
ever, only a revival, is the keeping the bead due north, or
south. “ Everyone knows,” writes an eminent physician,
“that the human system has magnetic poles—one positive and
one negative. Some persons, however, have the negative
pole in the feet and the positive in the head, and vice versa."
(I have known persons with very positive polls, but was not
aware of this alternate method of carrying them.) “ The
person sleeping should be in perfect harmony with the
magnetio phenomena of the earth." By all means ; when
I lay me down to rest. I wish to be at peace with
everything and everybody; but I may have annoyed
the magnetic phenomena without knowing it. “ The positive
pole should always lie opposite to the magnetic centre of the
continent, and thus maintain a magnetic equilibrium.” Very
good ; only I have not the slightest idea how to discover this
Icosition. That “everybody knows” is one of the “airs and
graces " that puts one out of patience with Science. She knows
she is lying when she writes it: but just as the man who has
been cramming up something classical or mathematical for a
fortnight brings in his “fourth-form boy” to enhance his
information, so she delights to indulge in this contemptible
swagger. Why can’t she say what she means in a plain way
when she addresses plain people ? This affectation of wisdom-
in persons not particularly intelligent out of their own line—is
the vuigarest kind of cant. What is the use of a savant telling
a poor fellow who wants to go to sleep that he “ must become
magnetically ' O rapport with the earth " He wants to know
whether he ought to move his bed into the window or the
fireplace, and not to get the vertigo from long words. There
is one piece of plain advice, by-the-by. to those who are in
seaside lodgings, and suffer (as many do) from sleeplessness in
consequence of the morning “ glare," that is more worth
their attention than both the poles; let them buy a few yards
of green union, and pin them round their windows at night.
It is curious that among the many correspondents who are
hastening to give their opinions, and even their experience, as
to the failure or success of marriage, no one seems to have
referred to that most fertile cause of women s nnhnppiness in
matrimony—their confidence in themselves to reclaim a rake.
Almost every girl who falls in love with a vagabond imagines
that in her hands he can be moulded into something good.
Of course, she docs not know how “ advanced ’’ his case may
be ; for though her friends are willing enough to inform her
upon this point, she refuses to believe them ; but however
“broken " he may be. in a moral sense, she thinks she has
the cement to mend him. He has never known (poor fellow),
she says to herself, what it is to be really loved (which is
possibly true) ; but if he could find a wife who was devoted to
him he would turn out to be another man. The same woman
will smile to hear the Salvationist bawl out at the street-
corner. ” I had once a ’orrible temper, but now I have a
beautiful one : Alleluyah ! ” yet his case is precisely that of
her proposed husband's, save for the very serious difference
that his conversion has not yet been effected. How ran sbe
know anything about reclaiming a man from weaknesses (to
put it mildly) of the very nature of which she is ignorant! A
well-known philanthropist, touched by thesimplicity of her sex
in this matter, has eloquently argued—and written an excellent
novel (“Janet Doncaster "). in illustration of the case—that a girl
who marries a confirmed drunkard, not knowing him to be
such, has the right to be divorced from him. But even the
knowledge of that fact would not deter some young women.
They loathe the sin. but do not understand its power, and
enormously overrate their own. Of conrse, they are head¬
strong—in the eyes of their belongings they are “obstinate as
a mule ”—but they are. nevertheless, often admirable examples
of their sex, and calculated to make the best of wives, as,
indeed, they do even to the scoundrel they have fixed their
hearts on. These missionaries of matrimony—who would fain
convert the heathen—have the most miserable lot that can
fall to wedded woman. It is they, above all, who, if they
answered truly (and things are so bad with them that they will
sometimes even do so),would reply “ Yes" to the question, “ Is
marriage a failure” If I were a mother, the strongest word
of advice I should give to my daughter about matters matri¬
monial would be, “ No proselytising ; no missionary enter¬
prise : no conversion. Pray for him, my dear, as much as you
like, but don’t marry him.”
The “ Champion Frog-Relisher ” of Basel—who seems really
to stand at the head of bis profession—has been making a
great sensation by swallowing three dozen live frogs at a
sitting for a bet of 5f. (about ljd. a frog) and a bottle of
brandy. It sounds cheap, and especially since ue had to con¬
sume the brandy afterwards for medicinal purposes ; for the
frogs disagreed with him (or perhaps with one another), and
he passed the rest, of the day at the chemist's. But, after all.
the British schoolboy has often done as much—though not so
many—without producing nny sensation at all, even in his
interior. I well remember a young gentleman who. for a
wager of fid. sterling, was always ready to perform this feat-
much more ready than the frog was to be swallowed. The
spectacle was generally' much appreciated : but some boys
would say, “ What a beast you arc, Jones ! ” Then he would
innocently reply, “Why.’ The French eat frogs.” “Yes,
Sir ; but not live frogs.” “ What have you got to say about
oys’ers?” was his triumphant rejoinder. Nobody, of conrse,
hoy, full of frogs, and “ flown ’ with sixpences.
What makes a seaside holiday hideous to quiet people is
the peripatetic music. The bands, the organs, the negro
melodists, destroy half the benefits which the rest-seeking
visitors hope to find. I am quite aware that the taste
of the general public is for “the tongs and the bones:’’
but there is surely a sufficiently large minority to make it
worth the while of some marine corporation to consult their
wishes. To call a place a “ health resort ” which is infested by
brass bands and hurdy-gurdies is a mockery. Instead of “ the
town band plays three times a day,” suppose at least one
watering-place should advertise “ Freedom from street music ;
no brass band permitted within the boundaries of the town."
Philanthropy in a Town Council one doesn’t expect, but I feel
sure this would pay. _
THE INFANT KING OF SPAIN.
The picture represented in our Engraving is now on view at
the French Gallery in Pall-mall. It was painted for the Queen
Regent of Spain by Professor Koppny. an artist scarcely yet
known to the English world. On the Continent he enjoys,
according to the KUlnisrhr /.eituny. a reputation as one of the
first portrait painters in Germany. He is only thirty-one years
of age, but has already painted the portraits of many of the
Royal personages of Europe, and members of the aristocratic
families of Berlin. He is a Hungarian by birth, and was a
pupil of the celebrated portrait painter llans Canon, and of
Hans Makart, at Vienna. This year he received a distinction
at the Paris Salon. His picture - Die Reisc in’s Leben,” repre¬
senting a stork with a child, is well known on the Continent
from innumerable published photographs. Among the portraits
he has painted during the last live years are those of the
Emperor of Germany, the Queen of Spain, the late King of
Bavaria (lying in State), the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg.
Prince Bismarck, the Princes of Hohenzollern, Anhalt, and
Thurn-und Taxis, to. Not long ago he was commissioned by
the Queen of Spain to paint the infant King, a child two years
and a half old. The young King is mounted upon a rocking-
horse, the skin of which, as we understand, was once that of a
live pony, and has been stuffed and mounted in splendid style.
King Alfonso sits like a “ Caballero." quite at his ease on the
gallant steed, on which he daily takes exercise in the Royal
nursery. The eyes of his Majesty are dark and bright, and his
features those of a lively and intelligent child. Our Engraving
is from a photograph by Mr. Lombardi, from the original
painting. _
THE COURT.
Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lome, and the Marquis of
Lome dined with her Majesty on Aug. lfi. The Right Hon.
Henry Matthews, M.I’.,arrived at Osborne, and had the honour
of dining with the Queen and the Royal family. Colonel
Weriilier had also the honour of being invited. Prince and
Princess Henry of Battentierg, and the Hereditary Grand Duke
of Hesse, dined with the Empress Eugenie at Osborne Cottage.
Princess Louise and the Marquis of Lome visited the Queen on
the 17th and took leave. Her Majesty’s dinner-party included
the Empress Eugenie, the Grand Duke of Hesse, Prince and
Princess Henry of Battenberg, the Hereditary Grand Duke of
Hesse. Lady Southampton, the Prince de Poix, Mrs. Vaughan
(in attendance upon the Empress Eugenie), Baron Von Grancy,
and Sir Fleetwood Edwards. K.C.B. Commander Osborne,
commanding the coastguard at Cowes, dined nt Osborne, and
hnd the honour of being received by her Majesty in the evening.
Prince Henry of Battenberg went on board her Majesty’s yacht
Victoria and Albert. Prince Adolplins of Teck visited her
Majesty on the 18th, and remained to luncheon, after which
he took leave, onhis departure for India to join the 17th (Duke
of Cambridge’s Own) Lancers. General Sir Henry and the
Hon. Lady Ponsonhy. and Mr. and Mrs. Stnndish had the
honour of dining with the Queen and the Royal family.
Captain Mockler Ferryman and Lieutenant Fairtlough, of the
Oxfordshire Light Infantry detachment at East Cowes, dined
nt Osborne, and had the honour of being received by the Queen
in the evening. On Sunday morning, the ltttli, her Majesty
and the Royal family and the members of the Royal household
attended Divine service nt Osborne. The Rev. Arthur Peile.
M.A., Chaplain-in-Ordinary to her Majesty, officiated. The
Empress Eugenie visited the Queen on the 2nth and remained
to luncheon. The Queen left the Isle of Wight on the 21st
for Glasgow and Balmoral. In crossing the Solent her
Majesty inspected the ships which had just returned from the
mano'uvres. Her Majesty was accompanied by Princess Beatrice
and the rest of the Royal family at Osborne, Prince Henry of
Battenberg having previously gone by sea. The children of
the Duke and Duchess of Connaught and Prince and Princess
Henry of Battenberg left Osborne for Balmoral, where they
arrived in advance of the Queen.
The Prince of Wales arrived on Ang. IS at Frankfort-on-
Main, and proceeded thence by road to Homburg, where he
arrived in the evening of the same day. On the Ifith the
Prince went to Wiesbaden on a visit to the King of Denmark,
subsequently returning to Homburg ; and on the 20th his
Royal Highness left Frankfort-on-Main on his return to
Homburg. The Princess of Wales, accompanied by her daughters,
arrived at Wiesbaden on the ISth, and was received at the
railway-station by the King of Denmark and his brother,
Prince John. O11 the evening of the 19th the Princess,
accompanied by her daughters, left, via Frankfort-on-Main,
for Gmunden. The King of Denmark accompanied their
Royal Highnesses as far as Frankfort, where they dined with
the Prince of Wales, who had come from Homburg to meet
them.
The King of the Belgians, who has been travelling in the
Scottish Highlands, visited places of interest in Inverness on
Aug. 17. HU Majesty left Inverness for Oban on the 18th.
travelling via the Royal route through the Caledonian Canal
in the saloon-steamer Glengarry. On arrival at Banavie. in
full view of Ben Nevis, his Majesty proceeded on hoard Mr.
Maekinnon of Ballinakill’s steam - yacht Cornelia, which
steamed away down Loch Linnhe. The vessel touched at
Ballachulisb, and the Royal party landed, and drove for a con¬
siderable distance up Glencoe to the scene of the massacre.
Returning on board, Oban was reached about 10.30 p.m. ° n
Sunday morning, the 19th. the King landed, and proceeded on
foot to the Catholic pro-Catbcdral, where mass was pertormed
by the Bishop of Argyll and the Isles, assisted by the Rev.
Angus M Donald. His Majesty also attended the mid-dav
service. The King arrived in Glasgow on the 20th, from Oban,
and visited the Exhibition.
The police have recovered the whole of the £10,800 ill bonds
stolen in October from a yonth in the employment o
Messrs. Wilson and Sons, stock and share dealers, in Corn mu.
and captured one Casey who has confessed to the theft.
AUG. 2:., 1883
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
211
FOIlK I UN NEWS.
The Imperialists of Franco celebrated their annual fete on
Aujr. l.-> by banquets in the capital and the Departments.—The
Ministry of Agriculture has decreed that a grand universal
breeding exhibition of cattle, sheep, pigs, and poultry shall be
held in Pari* in 1889. It will be opened on May 11, and remain
open until May 20. It is open to animals of all countries, for
which there are special and liberal prizes offered, together with
medals.—'The August Session of the'Councils-General in all the
De iartmentsof France was opened on Aug. 20. and almostallthe
former officers were re-elected.—General Boulanger has been
returned in each of the three Departments in which he was a
candidate—namely, the Xord, the .Somme, and the Charente
JnftSriciire. The total of the votes given for him was 263,512,
and for his opponents, 181,180. In the Nord, however, his
majority was 91.000 last April, and at the last election only
20,000.—The navvies' strike, after lasting twenty-five days, is
at an end, for the strike fund is exhausted and the leaders
have seen their men gradually abandoning them.
The Emperor Wilhelm was present on Aug. 16 at the unveiling
of a memorial to the late Prince Frederick Charles, and at a
luncheon after the ceremony made a speech, in the course of
which he declared that Germany would never relinquish a stone
of the territory gamed by her in the Franco-German War.
The Empress Frederick arrived at Gotha on Aug. 14, and pro¬
ceeded immediately to Castle Tenneberg, near Waltershauaen,
on a visit to Duke Ernst of Saxe-Coburg, who returned with
her Majesty to Gotha. Somewhat extensive mantenvres of
troops between Potsdam and Spandau began on the 21st
under the personal direction of the Emperor.—The Empress
dined at the Ducal Palace in the evening, and next morning
returned to Potsdam. Her Majesty recently paid a visit to
Count Munster, the former popular Ambassador of Germany
at the Court of St. James's, at his country seat of Derneburg,
in Hanover.—The unveiling of the memorial of the victories
of 1870-71 took place at Letpsio on the 18tb, in the presence
of the King and Queen of Saxony, Prince George, Princess
Matilda, and Prince Friedrich August, assisted by Count Von
Moltke.—The third International Congress on Inland Navi¬
gation was opened at Frankfort-on-Main, on the 2bth. There
were present seven hundred delegates, representative of all the
Great European Powers.
The Austrian Emperor's birthday was on Saturday. Aug. 18,
celebrated with enthusiasm throughout the Austro-Hungarian
Monarchy, as well as in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Both in
Berlin aiid St. Petersburg the event was marked by celebra¬
tions at the respective Courts. In some places, however, the
fetes were postponed owing to heavy rain. The Empress and
Archduchess Marie Valerie left Ischl on the 18th for Bayreuth.
Next day her Majesty calied on Madame Wagner, Richard
Wagner's widow, at Bayrenth, and visited the tombs of Liszt
aud Jean Paul in the cemetery. Her Majesty went to Munich,
and on the 2fith was to repair to Togernsee, where she would
be joined by the Emperor, on a visit to the Empress's vener¬
able parents on the occasion of their diamond wedding. The
Duke and Dnchess Maximilian of Bavaria were married in-
1828.—The King and Queen of Portugal, with their son Prince
Alfonso, arrived at Ischl on the 16th from Prague. They were
the guests of the Imperial family until the end ot the week.
Their Majesties, with Prince Alfonso, arrived in Vienna on the
18th, and alighted at the Hofburg. They spent next morning
in sightseeing, and in the afternoon received visits front the
members of the Imperial family, and from Count Kaluoky.
In the evening the Royal party went to the opera. Next day
they dined with the Crown Prince Rudolph and the Crown
Princess Stephanie at the palace at Laxenburg.—Several parts
of Upper Austria and Hungary have been inundated, owing
to storms and waterspouts, which have doue much damage,
and caused the loss of many lives.
The eleventh World’s Conference of the Young Men's
Christian Association was opened in Stockholm on Aug. 13.
The delegates were entertained on the 20th at luncheon by the
King and Queen of Sweden at Drottningholm Castle. The
Crown Prince received the guest*. The principal representa¬
tives and the secretaries were introduced. The Crown Prince
said he wished God's blessing on their work.
The United States Senate have refused to ratify the
Fisheries Treaty, the majority against it being three. The
Democrats voted for it and the Republicans against it.
In the Capetown House of Assembly on Aug. 13 Sir Gordon
Sprigg. the Premier, announced that in consequence of the
rejection by the Legislative Council of the South African
Customs Union Bill, the Governor had been advised to pro¬
rogue Parliament, and to summon a special Session in a week's
time to reconsider the measure.—We hear from Durban that
the Free State Volksraad have nominated Chief Justice Reitz
as President of the Republic by a large majority, and, having
voled a handsome provision for Lady Brand, an adjournment
was carried nntil Jan. 1th
The Japanese Government have decided to expend ten
millions sterling during the next five years in the purchase of
ironclads. With this sum it is estimated that fifteen ironclads
and thirty torpedo-boats can be obtained.
In reopening the Queensland Parliament the Governor in
his speech recommended for consideration Ministerialist
proposals for remedying the unsatisfactory state of the
finances, for effecting a radical change in the building and
management of railways, and for extirpating the rabbit pest,
the success of the fence system being doubtful.
The Hon. T. Playford, Premier and Treasurer, made his
financial statement in the South Australian House of Assembly
on Aug. 16. Ho estimated the revenue for the coming year at
£2,400,000, and the expenditure at .62,280,000, including
£30,000 for the redemption of bonds. The Premier proposed
no fresh taxation, but said that the conclusion of a loan of
from £500,000 to £1,000,000 was contemplated for repro¬
ductive public works. The prospects of the season are good,
owing to the fine rains which have fallen.
The celebrated copy of the Portland vase by Josiah Wedg¬
wood, known as the “ Parnell " vase, recently sold among the
effects of the late Sir William Tite at Christie’s, has been added
to the collection of Wedgwood's ceramic art in the Castle
Museum, at Nottingham.
. Mr. Angns'ns Harris intends opening an exhibition of arms,
pictures, and other relics, relating to the Armada and its con¬
temporary history, in the Grand Saloon of Drury-Lane Theatre
on Oct. 22 next. He has secured the services of a powerful
committee, on which several of the descendants of the
Elizabethan heroes have consented to serve, and Mr. W. H. K.
"right, whose exertions contributed so much to the success of
mo recont celebration at Plymouth, will again act as secretary.
Mr. Harris will be grateful if any person who may be able
“d willing to assist him by the loan of objects for exhibition
“Otherwise will communicate either with him directly, with
■r- rndhara Whippell (secretary of the London Armada Ter-
wntenary Celebration Committee). Goldsmith's - buildings,
tonpe; or with Mr. W. H. K. Wright, Drake-chambers,
“OiMhall, Plymouth.
MARRIAGE OF LADY BLOSSOM TSENG.
The youngest daughter of the Marquis Tseng, late Chinese
Ambassador in Loudon, was married at Pekin on May 6.
Three months previously the betrothal took place. On such
au occasion, it is customary for the family of the gentleman
to send a goose and gander, emblems of conjugal fidelity, wine,
marriago costumes, bead-ornaments, the sceptre-like,/« i (or
As You Like It ”), and a piece of jade signifying connubial
happiness and longevity, with nuts, and other fruit, all which
have their significance. The go-betweens bring these gifts,
with two red cards, on which they inscribe the year, month,
and day, and the time of birth of the fiancee. They return to
the gentleman's family, taking back the cards, with the
presents provided for the gentleman by the lady’s family.
These are about the same as in the other case, while hats,
shoes, boots, and such useful articles, are included. The
friends then come to congratulate both parties. The trousseau
is according to the means of the girl's parents. In the present
case, a hundred tables were covered with the presents to the
bride, not including such heavy articles as furniture, beds,
and cupboards, which are nsnally carried in the procession
along the streets. A temporary canopy is put in the compound,
usually covering in the courts, under which the feast is
provided. The friends and guests make presents in goods or
in money. On the marriage-day, the gentleman sends the
sedan-chair, covered with red silk and broadcloth, with the
retinue of bearers, accompanied by music. The bride takes
her seat in the chair, aud the entire company parade the
streets, taking the longest possible route, to the home of the
bridegroom's family. There are many curious and interesting
ceremonies which would not be understood by Europeans.
Everything is in pairs, with much display of lavishness.
We give a Portrait of Lady Blossom Tseng, from a photo¬
graph taken by Mr. Child, of Pekiu. and kindly forwarded
with the above note by Dr. Dudgeon, private secretary to the
Marquis Tseng. The wedding will long be remembered at
Pekin. We wish Mr. and Lady Blossom Woo much happiness ;
her Ladyship has many friends in England.
The Queen has presented to General Viscount Wolseley, for
his lifetime, the house and grounds of the Ranger of Greenwich
Park.
At the general meeting of Guinness's Brewery Company
on Aug. 20, Sir E. C. Guinness presiding, the report, which
recommended a dividend of 8 per cent, making, with the
interim dividend, 13 per cent for the year, was adopted.
Official notification has been given of the selection of Rear-
Admiral St. George Caulfield D’Arcy-Irvine, C.B., for the post
of second in command of the Channel Squadron, in the room
of Rear-Admiral Charles John Rowley, whose term of service
is about to expire.
The admissions to the Glasgow Exhibition on Aug. 18 were
56,751, making a total since the opening of 2,832,016. In fine
weather, the first trial of evening illumination was made at
dusk on Saturday. Fully 10,000 coloured lamps and Chinese
lanterns were lighted in positions fronting the buildings, as
well as amongst the trees and terraces of Kelvin-grove Park
and the University slopes of Gilmore-hill.
The annual meeting of the Iron and Steel Institute com¬
menced in Edinburgh on Aug. 21, when a large number of
members attended. Mr. D. Adamson, president, and the
members were welcomed by Lord Provost Clark, Principal
Sir William Muir, and others of the reception committee.
Afterwards the president informed the members that Sir
James Kitson, of Leeds, had been chosen president for two
years. Some papers were afterwards read, and in the evening
the Lord Provost gave a conversazione in the Museum of
Science and Art.
In London 2604 births and 1330 deaths were registered in
the week ending Aug. 18. Allowance made for increase of
population, the births were 187, and the deaths 310, below the
average numbers in the corresponding weeks of tho last ten
years. The deaths included 33 from measles, 17 from scarlet
fever, 13 from diphtheria, 20 from whooping-cough, 2 from
typhus fever, 2 from enteric fever, 1 from an ill-defined form
of continued fever, 162 from diarrhoea and dysentery, 4 from
cholera and choleraio diarrhoea, and not one from smallpox.
The deaths ref'rred to diseases of the respiratory organs, which
had been 160, 167, and 183 in the three preceding weeks,
declined again last week to 167, and were 19 below the
corrected average. Different forms of violence caused 47
deaths; 37 were the result of negligence or accident, among
which were 19 from fractures and contusions, 10 from drown¬
ing, 1 from poison, and 5 of infants from suffocation
THE RECESS.
There should have been some sugar as well as bitter in the
political cup of Lord Salisbury ere lie fled to the Continent.
At least, that is said to have been the qnip oil the tongue of
Baron Henry Do Worms (who will have his little joke) as this
courtly representative of the Board of Trade entertained the
Premier and the Sugar Bounties Commissioners at a
bountiful banquet. Whether daucing attendance on the
Sugar Bounties Conference was sweetened for him or
not, the Marquis of Salisbury, with Lord and Lady Oran-
borne, left London on the Eighteenth of August for Royat-
les-Bains, one of tho most delightful and salubrious of
French health-resorts. To an English statesman who doubles
the supremely important parts of Prime Minister and Foreign
Secretary, it is an unquestionable advantage to stndy the
field of'Continental politics, still of a brimstone nature,
in so reposeful a nook of France ns Royat-les-Bains.
The principal colleague of tho noble Marquis is not
far off. Three days after Lord Salisbury departed from
Arlington-stveet, Mr. W. If. Smith forsook the pleasant
riverside retreat of Greenlands for Aix - les - Bains. But
it is to be hoped the right hon. gentleman (whose imminent
elevation to the Peerage is rumoured) has not been driven to
drink the thermal waters of Aix to remove the excruciating
aches that torment many of the visitors to the Eden of Savoy.
Still, it would not lie a matter of wonderment if the Parlia¬
mentary baiting of Mr. Smith had developed gouty symptoms,
which, if they exist, we trust Aix-les-Bains will cure.
The legendary playfulness of mice when *• the cat's away ”
would have been recalled by the extraordinary outburst of
Recess oratory were the issue harped on not so grave. Ireland's
grievances still monopolise the minds of Mr. Gladstone and
Mr. John Morley. There is something inspiring in the
whole-hearted energy with which Mr. John Morley has
devoted himself to the championship of Home Rule for
Ireland. He is in the full freshness of his political
youth ; his convictions are deeply-rooted; he has a sublime
contempt for the Parliamentary arts and combinations
to which Governments have had recourse to maintain their
power; and he has complete faith in the sufficiency of the
panacea he advocates. These characteristics of Mr. John
Morley evidently swayed the vast gathering of Lincolnshire
Liberals drawn together in the Marquis of Ripons
country seat, Nocton Park, near Lincoln, on Saturday, the
Eighteenth of August. In his pithy, incisive style, Mr.
Morley smote Mr. Heneage bip and thigh, doubled up Mr.
Goschen, answered Mr. Chamberlain ont of his own mouth,
parenthetically demolished “ the giant of tho Sleaford
division," and wielded the shillelah for Mr. Parnell and
Mr. Dillon with the vigour of Pat. In fine, Mr. Morley
gave an indubitable stimulus to the Gladstonian Liberal
cause in Lincolnshire, where it is the object of the Liberals to
repeat Mr. Halley Stewart's victory at Spalding, and wrest
from the Conservatives the seats they won in 1886. Thus,
M r. J. W. Mellor, Q.C., will strive to regain Grantham, and
Mr. William Ingram, Boston, which constituency he represented
for several years ; and Mr, W. H. S. Aubrey, Mr. Francis Otter,
and Mr. Arthur Priestley will have the courage to contest the
seats held by Mr. Edward Stanhope. Mr. Henry Chaplin, and
Dr. Henry Lawrence, Q.C. The Liberal banner has clearly
been unfurled with a will in this great eastern county ; and
Lincolnshire Lilterals arc full of buoyant hope as to the resalt.
There is something heroic in the picture called np of the
still halo and erect figure of Mr. Gladstone—upright as a dart,
albeit close upon seventy-nine winters have silvered his hair—
raising his clarion-voice in llawarden Park against what he
holds to be the iniquities of the Ministerial treatment of
Irish Home-Rule members. His great speech to the depu¬
tation aud excursionists from the Staffordshire Potteries in
his park on tho Twentieth of Angnst was prefaced by a neat
address in the library of Hawartlen Castle, in tho course of
which, thanking Mr. Woodall, M.P.. for the beautiful Glad¬
stone Vase presented to him. he paid an elegant tribute to
“ the great Wedgwood." In tho freer air of the pork Mr.
Gladstone gave himself freer scope. His vigorous oration
was a trumpet-call to Liberals all over the country to
uprouse themselves to put an end at the ballot-box to the
existing alliance of Conservatives and “ Dissentient Liberals.”
which combination ho roundly declared to be responsible for
the subjection of Ireland to a rule harsher and harder than
that of Poland, and also responsible for the alleged unfair
treatment of Mr. Parnell, in giving his adversaries undue
advantages on the Parnell Commission of judicial inquiry.
Mr. Gladstone similarly condemned the cruel imprisonment of
Irish members, culminating thus far in the death of Mr.
Mandeviile. Altogether, this was one of the most, effective
political addresses Mr. Gladstone has ever delivered.
The image of a venerable Welsh bard, Mr. Henry Richard,
has been for many years so prominent a fignre in the House of
Commons that the hon. member for Mertbyr-Tydvil will be
sorely missed from the ranks of Welsh members. Mr. Richard
died on the Twenty-first of August, at the age of seventy-six,
at Treborth, Bangor, the seat of the Lord Lieutenant of
Anglesey.
Lady Crossley on Aug. 21 started a new clock which has
been placed in the tower of St. John's Church, Lowestoft, as n
memorial of the Queen's Jubilee.
The Queen has approved the appointment of Mr. Philip P.
Hutchins, C.S.I., to be a member of the Council of the Viceroy
and Governor-General of India, in succession to Sir Charles
Aitchison, K.C.S.I., resigned.
The Southern Division of Artillery Volunteers, who were
in camp at Shoeburyness daring the week ending Ang. 18,
were inspected by Colonel Nicholson, R.A., Commandant of
the School of Gunnery, preparatory to their leaving to make
room for the men of the second division. The gallant Colonel
made some encouraging remarks, and said that with the aid of
the force, and that of the Militia and Volunteers, it was most
improbable that England would ever be effectually invaded by
any foreign foe.—The Northern Division began their com¬
petition on Mondny, Aug. 20.
Some important cricket matches were concluded on Ang. 18.
At Kennington Oval, Surrey, for the only time this season,
suffered defeat in a first-class county match, being beaten by
Lancashire by nine wickets. Eccles scored 184 for the winning
team. The Australians were defeated by the Nottinghamshire
connty team by an innings and 191 runs to the good. The
Gloneester and Yorkshire matoh, noticeable for heavy scoring,
ended in a draw, much in favour of Yorkshire. Mr. W. G.
Grace made 148 and 153 in the two innings of the Western
team, and Hall scored 129. not ont, for Yorkshire. At Lord's,
M.C.C. won the match against Norfolk by an innings and 23
runs. The match at Birmingham between Warwickshire and
•Staffordshire ended in a draw, greatly in favour of tho former,
fit" Parsces were beaten at Leyton by Twelve of the Pnblio
Schools by seven wickets. At Gravesend on Ang. 21 Middlesex
was defeated by Kent by an innings and 41 runs ; At Derby,
Lancashire defeated Derbyshire by four wickets: and at Lord's
the Parsecs were beaten by M.C.C. by ten wickets.
ILLY, DONEGAL, WHER1
'ME ILLUSTIiATI
01) LONDON NEWS, Ai o
. 25, 1KHS.—212
NAVAL MANOEUVRES:
SKETCHES BY
OUR SPEC
UAL ARTISTS.
—
A
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, A
NAVAL MANOEUVRES: SKETCHES BY
Kft.OWm*.
QUADBON IN ORDER OF BATTLE OFF THE -MOUTH
TORPEDO-BOAT No. 76, DISCHARGING A WHITEHEAD TORPEDO AT H.M.S. HERCULES.
214
AEG. So, 1883
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS
THE NAVAL MANOEUVRES.
On .Mon day, Ang. 2(1, the period of time expired for the man-
ueuvres of feigned naval warfare between the “ A Squadron,’’
commanded by Admiral Baird, with Admiral Rowley second
in command, defending the shores and ports and mercantile
vessels of Great Britain, and the ”B Squadron,” of which
Admiral Sir George Tryon was oommander-in-ehief, while
Admiral Fitzroy commanded a separate division. These opera¬
tions were briefly described from week to week. Oar Special
Artists, Mr. W. H. Overend and Mr. J. R. Wells, furnish some
additional Illustrations. The former was on board H.M.S.
Northumberland, the flag-ship of Admiral Baird ; and the
latter was on board H.M.S. Hercules, the flag-ship of Admiral
Sir George Tryon. The first division of each squadron, under
the immediate command of these two officers, had been engaged
from J uly 21 to Aug. 4 in mutually endeavouring tooutmanoeuvre
one another in Bantry Bay. where Sir George Tryon occupied
the harbonf of Bcrehaven, fortified with booms and submarine
mines. At the same time. Admiral Fitzroy was blockaded in
Lough Sn-illy. on the coast of Donegal, by Admiral Rowley.
Both the blockades were successfully eluded by the “B Squad¬
ron ’’ on Aug. 4. or during the previous night; and the shores of
Scotland, the Clyde, Oban, Inverness, and the Firth of Forth
were in the next few days visited by ships representing an
enemy: after which Sir"George Tryon. having come round
the north of Ireland, entered the Mersey, bombarding the
North Fort, levied contributions on Liverpool, and paid a
hostile visit to Holyhead ; while several steam-ships of the
Cunard, Inman, and other Atlantic lines underwent the form
of capture in the Irish Sea. In the meantime, Admiral Baird,
with the •• A Squadron,” after looking in vain for the enemy
as far as the Mull of Galloway, where he was joinel by
Admiral Rowley, returned up the British Channel to the
Downs, and formed in line of battle, on Ang. 18, at the
entrance to the Thames, ready for the defence of London.
The “ B Squadron.” however, having no intention of seeking
an unequal combat off the shores of England, reassembled
in Bantry Bay. except five ships going to Plymouth, the
Ajax. Black Prince, and others. The operations terminated by
lapse of time, leaving the umpires to sum up the value of the
exploits performed respectively by tho opposed squadrons,
including all captures, and all manoeuvres scored as points
won in the game of tactics, and to pronounce the verdict
accordingly, guided by a scnle before fixed and understood in
the Admiralty regulations.
Some of our present Illustrations refer to the time of the
blockade in Bantry Bay. A Sketch by Mr. Wells represents
the torpedo-boat No. 7(i. commanded by Lieutenant Campbell,
of the " 15 Squadron,” going outside and attacking H.M.S.
Active, one of the blockading squadron, which ship was
cleverly struck with a torpedo. For this harmless mimic war¬
fare the torpedo-heads were specially manufactured of soft
metal, which would not penetrate the side of the ship ; but the
head would be Battened by the stroke, indicating, when the
torpedo was fished np afterwards out of the water, that the
blow had been correctly aimed. On the other hand, in a
Sketch by Mr. Overend. the “ A Squadron ” torpedo-boat No. 7(1
is seen discharging a Whitehead torpedo at H.M.S. Hercules,
the enemy’s flag-ship, on the night of Friday, Aug. fi, and it
ivas claimed on behalf of the ” A Squadron ” that the Hercules
was thereby pnt out of action. This nnd other points were
referred to the decision of the umpires. The Hercules never¬
theless persisted in forcing her way out. through the blockade,
followed by the other ships of the " B Squadron,” which left
their anchorage in the Berehaven strait by the western
entrance, under cover of a feigned intention to go ont at the
eastern entrance. One of Mr. Wells' Sketches t3 that of the
Hercules performing this feat at night. Mr. Overend, on
board H.M.S. Northumberland, contributes the Sketch On
the Look-out," and that of two seamen firing a gun as a fog-
signal, when the •• A Squadron ” was enveloped in mist in the
Irish Sea.
A View of Lough Swilly, on the north coast of Ireland,
where Admiral Fitzroy'a division of the B Squadron " lay-
beleaguered by Admiral Rowley, bat whence the former
escaped without much difficulty, is also presented in this
week's paper. The first division of that squadron, under
Admiral Sir George Tryon, having followed its course round the
north of Ireland, ontered the upper channel of the Irish Sea. and
proceeded to the Mersey. We gave, last week, an Illustration of
H.M.S. Invincible and H.M.S. Hercules attacking the North
Fort at the entrance to the Mersey. After virtually effecting
the captnre of Liverpool and Birkenhead, the squadron lay off
the Crosby Light-house, on the Lancashire coast, sending ashore,
in the pilot-boat, as shown in a Sketch by Mr. Wells, the pilots
who had been engaged to guide these ships to the Mersey. The
“ B Squadron,” having exhibited all the mischief that an
enemy could and would do in the Irish Sea and St. George's
Channel, without being overtaken by Admiral Baird, returned
to Lough Swilly for coaling purposes, and was in no danger of
pursuit. Admiral Rowley's division, after striking terror into
the commercial ports of Greenock and Glasgow, and insulting
every Scottish town on the coast of the German Ocean from
Wick down to Berwick-on-Tweed, besides threatening Leith
nnd Edinburgh, returned likewise, with perfect impunity, repass¬
ing the Pentland Frith, gained the Irish Coast, and rejoined the
squadron of Sir George Tryon. If these manoeuvres prove any¬
thing, it is the utter incapacity of an ordinary Channel Squadron,
which has to guard all the south coasts of England and
Ireland, from the Downs, or even from Harwich, to the extreme
west of tho county of Cork, affording the slightest protection
Torpedo-heat! of soft metal, flattened by striking the ship.
TO
to Liverpool and Glasgow, and to their immense maritime
commerce. A separate Irish Sea squadron, cruising between
Milford Haven and the Clyde, with ships detached to watch
the northern shores of Ireland, would be absolutely needful
in time of war ; and the entrances both tv the Mersey and to
the Firth of Clyde should be strongly fortified. The small
rocky Cumbraes, opposite the Isle of Bute.commandinga narrow
channel, could be armed with batteries that would effectually
prevent hostile access to the Clyde; while Lamlash Bay. in
the Isle of Arran, would afford anchorage to the defending
squadron.
For the defence of the Thames and Medway, which to
Londoners is a nearer consideration, the display of force made
by Admiral Baird, at the elose of these operations, may have
been an acceptable spectacle. The long line of battle-ships
looked very imposing, while the cruisers formed another line
to the starboard. But the North of England and Scotland
may feel less satisfied about their safety in actual war.
Admiral Baird, on Aug. 20, issued a general order commenting
on the result of the operations. He states that “ the only
object considered by him possible, under the conditions, was
maintaining the Channel .Squadron and the defence of the
Thames and London.” Under these conditions, it is now quite
evident that our great commercial ports, the Mersey, the Clyde,
the Tyne, and the Humber, and all the shores of North
Britain, lie at the mercy of a naval enemy passing westward
of Ireland and from the Atlantic to the North Sea.
A new edition has opportunely been issued of the official
guide to *• Summer Tours in Scotland—Glasgow to the High¬
lands,” being a handbook to the royal route, via the Crinan
and Caledonian canals, by Mr. David Macbrayne’s mail-
steamers. It is embellished with coloured illustrations and
contains interesting descriptive details of the principal points
of interest on tho route, with oilier useful information.
PEDO BOAT NO. ?8 ATTACKING H.M.S. ACT1
SKETCH BY OUR SPECIAL ARTIST WITH THE “ 11 SQUADRON.”
THE PLAYHOUSES.
London—at least, all that is left of it—manages to amuse
itself in the tourist season. As a refreshing change, some few
fine evenings have been vouchsafed us in August; and, as a
consequence, the open-air performances and illuminations in
the gardens of the Loudon Exhibitions, and the Summer
displays in the principal suburban Pleasure Palaces, have been
in vogue. The Crystal Palace has proved especially attractive.
Its interesting Co-operative Exhibition has been of social value.
Sydenham has shone mainly, however, by reason of Brock’s ex¬
ceedingly grotesque pyrotechnic spectacle for children on Thurs¬
day nights, illustrating in a diverting manner the •• Blondin
Donkey” and ‘‘The House that Jack Built and has likewise
won renown with its beautiful realisation of Fairyland on the
lamp-lit stage in the tastefully illuminated Palace Gardens.
“ Baldwin in Cloudland ” has been the most potent
attraction of all. The slopes of Muswell-hill have formed
an admirable natural theatre for the thousands of sightseers
who have trooped to the Alexandra Palace to witness the extra¬
ordinary parachute descent from a balloon of the daring Ameri¬
can aeronaut named J. S. Baldwin. Larger and larger have the
gatherings grown since Baldwin first astonished London in
“northern latitudes” on the Twenty-eighth of July. Over
twenty thousand persons must have assembled on Saturday
evening, the Eighteenth of August, to gaze at the aerial per¬
formance. All classes were represented. Among the closest
observers were a few Chinese gentlemen in their native silk
attire. Baldwin is an Illinois man. He is compactly built,
and looks about thirty years of age. Undeniably dangerous
as his venture is, it is equally undeniable that Baldwin inspires
perfect confidence. He superintends what may be termed the
final toilet of the balloon with businesslike briskness and
thoroughness; sees that his trusty parachute is safely en¬
sconced within roach in the cordage ; and, gripping the ropes
VE
of the balloon, ascends in so debonair a fashion from the in¬
closure that he is regarded without an atom of fear. He is a
master at the game. Quite as skilful in his way ns Ldotard
was on the trapeze, and as the veteran Blondin continues to be
on the high rope, Baldwin may be legitimately regarded as
the premier aerial acrobat of the period. On the occasion of
the ascent in question, he had reached the altitude of about a
thousand feet when he grasped the handle of the parachute,
which instantly became disengaged from the more or less
collapsed balloon, but did not expand for a few seconds. When*
the parachute was fully distended, the descent of Baldwin be¬
came more gradual, and the sight of his coolness elicited a burst
of applause from the multitudes looking on. Baldwin alighted
in safety ; and then had to endure the discomfort of hero-
worship as he proceeded through the thick crowd to the Palace,
to be cheered anew when he appeared on the stage with his
partner, Mr. Farini. The Saturday evening entertainment
was crowned by a vivid firework pageant, the u Fall of
Pompeii.”
Returning to town, no one seeing the vehicular bustle of the
western end of the Strand about eleven o'clock would think the
dead season had set in for the theatres. The Lyceum, Gaiety,
Strand, Adelphi, and Terry's bills of fares, however,^ draw-
many playgoers Strandwards. Though the Vaudeville has
closed for a few weeks, the Royalty has been reopened by
Mr. Lionel Brough with the laughter-moving comedy of “The
Paper Chase,” in which he is himself so well fitted with a
humorous part. Yet another new farcical comedy, “ Uncles
and Aunts,” has taken the place of u Arabian Nights ”
at the Comedy, nnd shall l>e noticed next week. The
Avenue reopens with comedy and burlesque: “ Gladys
and “Don Juan, Junior.” Mr. H. Beerbobm Tree bos
returned to conduct the final rehearsals of the drama of
“ Captain Swift," presently to take its place in the evening
bill of tho Hay market, very strongly caBt.
216
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 25, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BV WALTER BESANT,
CHAPTER XV.
A NIGHT AND MORNING.
I read of men pos¬
sessed by some
Spirit—that is to
say, compelled to go
hither and thither
where, but for the
Spirit, they would not
go, and to say things
which they would not
■ itherwise have said—
I think of our mid¬
night ride to Lyme,
mid of my father there,
and of the three weeks’
madness which followed.
11 was some Spirit—
whether of good or evil,
I rannot say, and I dare
not- so much ns to ques¬
tion—which seised him.
That he hurried away to
join the Duke on the
first news of his landing,
hoot counting the cost or weigh¬
ing' tiie chances, is easy to be under-
-t. ml Like Humphrey, he was led
by h i * k i iow ledge of thegrent numbers
, hotel the ( aiholie religion to believe that
... v. like himself, would rise with one accord.
He also remembered the successful rebellion against the
hist Charles, and expected nothing less than a repetition
of that success. This, I know, was what the exiles in Holland
thought aud believed. The Duke, they said, was the darling
of the people; he was the Protestant champion: who would
not press forward when he should draw the sword f But
what other man—what man in his sober senses would have
dragged his wife and daughter with him to the godless riot
of a camp? Perhaps he wante d them to . share his triumph,
to listen while he moved the soldiers, as that ancient hermit
Peter moved the people to the Holy Wars? But I know not.
lie said that 1 was to be. like Jephthah’sdaughter, consecrated
to the Cause of the Lord ; and what he meant by that 1 never
understood.
He was so eager to start upon the journey that he would
not wait a moment. The horses must be saddled; we must
mount and away. Mark that they wcje .Sir Christopher’s
horses which we borrowed : this also was noted afterwards for
the ruin of that good old man, with other particulars; ns that
Monmouth's Declaration was found in the house (Burnaby
brought it); oue of Monmouth’s Captains, Burnaby Eykiu by
name, had ridden from Lyme to Bradford in order to see him ;
he was a friend of the preacher Dr. Eykin; lie was grandfather
to one of tiie rebels and grand-uncle to another; with many
other things. But these were enough.
“Surely; surely, friend,” said Sir Christopher, “thou
wilt not take wife and daughter? They cannot help the Cause;
they have no place in n camp ? ”
“ Young men and maidens; one with another. Quick !
we waste the time.”
And to ride all night ? Consider, man—all night long! ’’
“ What is a night? They will have all eternity for rest.”
“ 11c. hath set his heart upon it," said my mother. “ Let
us go—u night's weariness will not do much harm. Let us
go, Sir Christopher, without further parley."
“ Go then, in the name of God,” said the old man. “ Child,
give me a kiss.” lie took me in his arms and kissed me on
the forehead. “ Thou art, then,” he said tenderly, “ devoted
to the Protestant Cause. Why, thou art already promised to
a Protestant since this morning: forget not that promise,
child. Humphrey and Bamaby will protect thcc—and ”-
“Sir," cried Robin quickly, “by your leave, I alone have
the right to go with her and to protect her.”
“ Nuv, Robin,” I said, ” stay here until Sir Christopher him¬
self bids' thee go. That will perhaps be very soon. Remember
thy promise. We did not know, Robin, an hour ago, that the
promise would be claimed so soon. Robin ’’—for he mur¬
mured—” I charge thee, remain at home until"-
“ l promise thee, Sweetheart.” But he hung his head and
looked ashamed.
Sir Christopher, holding my hand, stepped forth upon the
grass and looked upwards into the clear sky, where in the
transparent tw ilight we could sec a few stars twinkling.
“ This, friend Eykin—this, Humphrey,”he said, gravely, “is
a solemn night for all. No more fateful night hath ever lallcn
upon anv of us; no ! not that day when I joined Hampden’s
new regiment and followed with the army of Lord Essex.
Granted that we have a righteous cause, we know not that our
leader hath in him the root of the matter. To rise against
the King is a most weighty matter—fatal if it fail, a dangerous
precedent if it succeed. Civil war is, of all wars, the most
grievous: to fight under a leader who doth not live after the
Laws of God is, lucthinks, most dangerous. The Duke hath
lit a torch which will spread flames everywhere”-
“ it is the voice of the Lord which callctli us! ” my father
interrupted. “To-morrow I shall speak again to God's Elect.”
“Sir," said Humphrey, very seriously, “I pray you think
not that this enterprise hath been rashly entered upon, nor
that we depend upon the judgment of the Duke alone. It is,
most unhappily, true that his life is sinful, and so is tlint of Lord
Grey, who hath deserted his own lawful wife for her sister. But
those who have pushed on the enterprise consider that the
Duke is, at least, a true l’rotestant. They have, moreover,
received solid assurances of support from every quarter. Yon
have been kept in the dark from the beginning at my own
earnest request, because, though 1 knewful Iwdl your opinion,
I would not trouble your peace or endanger your person.
Suiter us, thou, to depart, and, for yourself, do nothing, and
keep -oil! Sir, 1 entreat you—keep Robin at home until our
success leaves no room for doubt."
oGo, then, go,” said Sir Christopher; “I have grievous
misgiving- that all is not well. But go, and Heaven bless the
Cause!”
Robin kissed me, whispering that he would follow, and
tlmt before many days ; and so we mounted and rode forth.
In such hot haste did we depart that we took with us no
change of raiment or any provision for the journey at all, save
that Barimby, who, as I afterwards found, never forgot the
provisions, found time to get together a small parcel of bread
and tin ut, and a flask ot Canary, with which to refresh our
spirits Inter on. Wo even rode away without any money.
Mv fullicr rode one horse and my mother sat behind him ;
then 1 followed, Bnrrihy marching manfully beside me, and
• AU Itightn Kafrvtd.
Humphrey rode last. The ways are rough, so that those who
ride, even by daylight, go but slowly; and we, riding between
high hedges, went much too slowly for my father, who, if he
spoke at all, cried out impatiently, “ Quicker! Quicker! we
lose the time.”
He sat bending over the horse's head, with rounded
shoulders, his feet sticking out on either side, his long white
hair and his ragged cassock floating in the wind. In his left
hand he carried his Bible as a soldier clinics his sword : on his
head lie wore the block silk cap in which be daily sat at work.
He was praying and meditating; he was preparing the sennon
whieli he would deliver in the morning.
Barnabv plodded on beside me: night or day made no differ¬
ence to him. He slept when he could, und worked when be
must. Sailors keep their watch day mid niglit without any
difference.
“ It was Sir Christopher that I came after,” he told me
presently. “Mr. Dare—who hath since been killed by Mr.
Fletcher—told the Duke thut if Sir Christopher Challis would
only come into camp, old os he is, the country gentlemen of
his opinions would follow to a man, so respected is he. Well,
he will not. But we have liis grandnephew, Humphrey ; and, if
1 mistake not, we shall have his grandson—if kisses mean any¬
thing. So Robin is thy Sweetheart, Sister: thou art a lucky
girl. And we shall have Dnd to preach to us. Well, I know not
what will happen, but some will be knocked o’ the head, and
if Dad goes in the way of knocks-But whatever happens, he
will get his tongue again— and so he will he happy.”
“As for preaching,” he went on, speaking with due
pauses, because there was no imiry in these dark lanes,
and he was never one of those whose words flow easily,
“if he thinks to preach daily, as they say was done in
Cromwell’s time, I doubt if he will find many to listen, for by
the look of the fellows who are crowding info camp they will
love the clinking of the can better than the division of tiie
text. Biit if he cause hist friends to join he will be wel¬
comed : and for devoting his wife and daughter to the Cause,
that, Sister, with submission, is rank nonsense, mid the sooner
you get out of the camp, if you must go there, the better.
Women aboard ship are bad enough, but in camp they arc the
very devil.”
“ Bamaby, speak not lightly of the Evil One.”
“Where shall we bestow you when the fighting comes?
Well, it shall be in some safe place.”
“ Oh, Bamaby ! will there be fighting?”
" Good lack, child! what else will there be ? ”
"As the Willis of Jericho fell down at the blast of the
trumpet so the King’s armies will be dispersed at the approach
of the land's soldiers.”
“ That whs a vast long time ago, Sister. There is now no such
trumpet-work employed ill war, mid no priests on the march ;
but plenty of fighting to be done before anything is accom¬
plished. "But have no fear. The country is rising. They are
sick at heart already of a l’opish King. 1 say not that it will
be easy work; but it can be done, and it will be done, before
we all sit down again.”
“And what will happen when it is done ? ”
‘ ; Truly, I know not. When one King is sent a-pneking they
must needs put up another, I suppose. My father shall have the
biggest church ill the country to preach in; Humphrey shall
be made physician to the new King—nothing less; you shall
marry Robin, and lie shall be made a Duke or a Lord at least;
and 1 shall have command of the biggest ship in the King’s
navy, and go to fight the Spaniards, or to trade for negroes on
the Guinea Const.”
“But suppose the Duke should be defeated ? ”
“Well. Sister, if lie is defeated it will go hard with nil of
us. Those who are caught will be stabbed with a Bridport
dagger, as they say. Ask not such a question; as well ask a
sailor what will happen to him if his ship is east away. Some
may escape in boats mid some by swimming, mid some are
drowned, and some are east upon savage shores. Every man
must take his chance. Never again ask such a question.
Nevertheless, I fear my father will get liis neck as far in the
noose as I myself. But r< member. Sister Alice, do you and my
mother keep snug. Let others carry on the rebellion, do
you keep snug. For, d've see, a man takes his chance, and
if there should happen (ns there may) a defeat mid the rout of
these country lads, I could e'en scud by myself before the gale
and maybe get to a seaport and so aboard and away while
the chase was hot. But for a woman! Keep snug, I say,
therefore.”
The night, happily, was clear and fine. A slight breeze
was blowing from the north-west, which made one shiver, yet
it was not too cold. I heard the screech-owl once or twice,
which caused me to tremble more tlum the cold. The road,
when we left the highway, which is not often mended in
these parts, become a narrow lane full of holes and deep
ruts, or else a track across open country. But Barnaby knew
the way.
It was about ten of tlieclock when we began our journey, and
it was six in the morning when we finished it. 1 suppose there
are few women who can boast of having taken so long a ride
and in the night. Yet, strange to say, 1 felt no desire to sleep:
nor was I wearied with the jogging of the horse, but was sus¬
tained by something of the spirit of my father. A wonderful
thing it' seemed to me that a simple country maid, such as
myself, should help in putting down the Catholic King;
women there have been who have plaved great parts in his¬
tory— Joel, Deb. rah, Judith, and Esther, for example; but
that I should be called (since then I have discovered that 1
was not called), this, indeed, seemed truly wonderful. Then I
was going forth to witness tiie array of a gallant army about
to fight for freedom and for religion, just ns they were arrayed
foity years before, when .Sir Christopher was a young mail and
rode among them.
My brother, this stout Bamaby, was one of them; my
father was oue of them ; Humphrey was one of them ; and in
a little while I was very sure (because Robin would feel no
pence of mind if I was with the insurgents and he was still at
home my lover would be witli them too. And 1 pictured to
myself a holy and serious camp, filled with godly sober
soldiers listening to sermons and reading the Bible, going
fortli to battle with hymns upon their lips; and withal to
valiant that at their very first onset the battalions of the King
would be shattered. Alas! anyone may guess the foolish
thoughts of a girl who had no knowledge of the world nor any
experience. Vet all my life I had been taught that Resistance
was at times a sacred duty, aud that the Divine Rigid of the
(so-called) Lord's Anointed was a vain superstition. So far,
therefore, was I better prepared than most women for the
work in hand.
AVlien we rode through Sherborne all the folk were a-bed
and the streets were empty. From Sherborne our way lay
through Yet minster nhd Evershott to Beaminster, Where we
watered and rested the horses, and took some of Burnaby's
provisions. The country through which we rode wtis full’ of
memories of the last great war. The castle of Sherborne was
twice besieged ; once by Lord Bedford, wheii the Marquis of
Hertford held it for the King. Tlint siege was raised ; but it
was afterwards takeh by Fairfax, With its g.irrisoh of six
hundred soldiers, and was then destroyed, so that it is now a
heap of ruins; and as for Beaminster, the town hath never
recovered from the great fire when Prince Maurice held it, and
it is still half in mins, though the ivy hath grown over the
blackened walls of the burned houses. ‘The last great war, of
which I had heard so much! And now, perhaps, we were
about to begin another.
It was two o’clock in the morning when we dismounted at
Beaminster. My mother sat down upon a bench and fell
instantly asleep.' My father walked up and down impatiently,
as grudging every minute. Bamaby, for liis part, made a
leisurely and comfortable meal, eating his bread and meat—of
which I had some—and drinking.his Canary with relish, ns
if we were on a journey of pleasure and there was plenty of
time for leisurely feeding. Presently he arose with a sigh (the
food and wine being all gone), and said that the horses, being
now rested, we might proceed. So he lifted my mother into
her sent and we went on with the journey, the day now
breaking.
The way, I say, was never tedious to me, for I was sustained
by the novelty and the strangeness of the thing. Although I
had a thousand things to ask Bamaby, it must he confessed
that for one who had travelled so far lie had maivellous little
to tell. I daresay that the deck and cabins of a ship arc
much the same whether she be on the Spanish Main or in the
Bristol Channel, and sailors, even in port, are never an
observant race, except of weather and so forth. It was
strange, however, only to look upon him and to mark how
stout a man he was grown and how strong, and yet how ho
still spoke like the old Bamaby, so good-natured and so dull
with his book, who was daily flogged for his Latin grammar,
and bore no malice, but prepared himself to enjoy the present
when the flogging was over, and not to anticipate tiie certain
repetition of the flogging on the morrow. He spoke in the
same slow way, as if speech were a thing too precious to be
poured out quickly; and there was always sense in what he
said (Bamaby was only stupid in the matter of syntax), though
he gave me not such answers as I could have wished. How¬
ever, he confessed, little by little, something of his history and
adventures. When he ran away, it was, us we thought, to the
port ot Bristol, where he presently found a berth ns eubin-boy
on hoard a West Indiaman. In this truly enviable post—every¬
body on board has a cuff or a kick or a rope’s-end for the boy—
he continued for some time. “ But,” mid Burnaby, “ you are
not to think that the rope’s-end was half so had as’my father’s
rod ; nor the captain’s oatli so bail ns my father’s rebuke ; nor
the rough work and hard fare so bad as the Latin syntax.”
Being so strong, and a hearty, willing lad to hoot, lie was
quickly promoted to be an able seaman, when there were no
more rope-’s-endings for him. Then, having nil ambition
above bis station, and not liking his rude nnel ignorant com¬
panions of the fo’k’sic (which is the fore-part of a ship, where
the common sailors sleep and eat), and being so fortunate as to
win the good graces of the supercargo first and ot the i aptain
next, lie applied his leisure time (when lie had any leisure) lo
the method of taking observations, of calculating' longitudes
and latitudes, his knowledge of arithmetic having fortunately
stuck in his mind longer than that of Latin. These things, ‘l
understand, are of the greatest use to a snilor mid necessary
to an officer. Armed with this knowledge, and the recom¬
mendation of his superiors, Bamaby was promoted from
before the mast and became what they call n mute, and so rose
by degrees until he was at last second captain. But by this
time he had made many voyages to the West Indies, to New
York and Baltimore, and to' the West Coast of Africa in the
service of his owners, and, I dare say, had procured mu<li
wealth for them, though but little for himself. And being at
Rotterdam upon his owners’ business, he was easily per¬
suaded—being always a stout Protestant, and desirous to
strike a blow in revenge for the ejection of his father—to
engage as sailing Master on board the frigate which brought
over the Duke of Monmouth and his company, mid then to
join him on his landing. This was the sum of wliat lie had
to tell me. He had seen many strange people, wonderful
things, and monsters of the deep; Indians, whom the cruelty
and avarice of the Spaniards have wellnigli destroyed, the
sugar plantations in the islands, negro slaves, negroes fne
in their own country, sharks and calamarivs (of which l had rend
and heard) —lie had seen all these things, and still r< mnined (in
liis mind, I mean) ns if he had seen nothing. So wonder¬
fully made are some men that whatever they see they are in no
way moved.
I say, then, that Bnmnhy answered my questions, ns we
rode along, briefly, and as if such matters troubled him not .
When I asked him, for example, how the poor miserable
slaves liked being captured and sold and put on hoard ship
crowded together for so long a voyage, Barnaby replied that
he did not know, his business being to buy them mid carry
them across the water, and if they rebelled” on board ship to
shoot them down or flog them; and when they got to Jamaica
to sell them: where, if they would not work, they would be
flogged until they came to a better mind. If a mail was bom
a negro, what else, he asked, could lie expoet ?
There was one question which I greatly desired to ask
him, but dared not. It concerned the welfare of his soul.
Presently, however, Barnaby answered that question before
I put it."
” Sister,” he said, “my mother’s constant affliction con¬
cerning me, before I ran away, was as to the salvation of my
soul. And truly, thnt formerly seemed tome so difficult a thing
to compass (like navigation tonn unknown port over an unknown
sea set everywhere with hidden rocks mid liable to sudden
gusts) thnt I could not understand how a plain man could ever
succeed in it. Wherefore it comforted me mightily after I got
to sea to learn on good authority that there is another way,
which, compared with my father’s, is light and easy. In short,
sister, thougli he knows it not, there is one religion for lands-
folk and another for sailor-folk. A sailor (everybody knows)
cannot get so much ns a sail bent without cursing and swear¬
ing—this, which is desperately wicked ashore, counts tor
nothing at all afloat: mid so with many other things ; and the
long and the short of it is thnt if a sailor does his duty, fights
his ship like a man, is true to his owners and faithful to his
messmates, it matters not one straw ivhether he hath daily
sworn great oaths, drunk himself (whenever he went ashore) as
helpless as a log, and kissed a pretty girl whenever his good
luck gave him the chance—which does, indeed, seldom come
to most sailors”—he added this with a deep sigh—“ I say, sister,
that for sueli a sailor, when his ship goes down with him, or
when he ge ts a grapesliot through his vitals, or when he dies
of fever, ns happens often enough in the hot climates, there is
no question as to the safety of liis soul, but he goes straight to
heaven. What he is ordered to do when lie gets there,” said
Barnaby, ” I cannot say; but it will lx- something, 1 doubt
not, thnt a sailor will like to do. No catechism or Latin syntax.
Wherefore, .Sister, you cun set my mother's heart—poor soul !—
quite at rest on this important matter. You enu toll her that
you have conversed with me, and that I have that very same
ihwnrd assurance of which my father speaks so much mid at
such length. The very same assurance it is—tell her that.
And beg her to ask me no questions upon the matter.”
" Well, Barnaby ; but art thou sure —
" It is a heavenly comfort,” ho replied, before I had time
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Ado. 25, 1888.— 21?
liKAVVX BY A. FGUESTIEU.
At ict drew near Bridport, there stood a man in the road armed with a halbert.
“ FOB FAITH AND FREEDOM.”—BY WALTER BKSANT.
218
AUG. 25, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
to finish, “to have sack on assumm-i'. For why? A man
that hath it doth never more trouble himself about what shall
happen to him after he is dead. Therefore he goes ubout his
duty with an easy mind: and so, Sister, no more upon this
brail, if you love tiie and desire pence of mind for my mother.”
So nothing more was said upon that subject then or after¬
wards. A sailor to be exempted by right of his calling
from the religion of the landsman ! ’Tis a strange and dangerous
doctrine. Hut if all sailors believe it, yet how can it be? This
question, f confess, is too high for me. And as for my
mother, I gave her Barnaby’s message, begging her at the
same time not to question him further. And she sighed, but
obeyed.
Presently Burnaby asked me if we had any money.
I had none, and I knew that ray. mother could have but
little. Of course, my father never had any. I doubt if he had
possessed a single penny since Ids ejection.
“Well,” sidd Baruuby, “I thought to give my money to
mother. But I now perceive that if she has it she will give it
to flail; and if ho has it, he will give it all to the Duke for the
Cause -wherefore, Sister, do you take it and keep it, not for
me, but to be expended ns seemeth you best.” He lugged out
of his pocket a heavy bag. “ Here is all the money I have
saved in ten years. Nay—I am not as some sailors, one that
cannot keep a penny in purse, but must needs fling all away.
Here are two hundred and fifty gold pieces. Take them,
Alice. Hang the bag round thy neck, and never part with it,
day or night. And say nothing about the money either to
mother or to Dad, for he will assuredly do with it as 1 have
said. A time may come when thou wilt want it,”
Two hundred and fifty gold pieces! Was it possible that
Burnaby could be so rich ? I took the bog and hung it round
my waist—not my neck—by the string which he had tied
above the neck, and, as it was covered by my mantle, nobody
ever suspected that f had this treasure. In the end, ns you
Bhnll hear, it seemed to be useful.
It was now broad daylight, and the sun was up. As wo
drew near Bridport there stood a man in the road armed with
a halbert.
“ Whither go ye, good people? ” he asked. “What is
your business ? ”
“Friend,” said Bnmaby, flourishing his oaken staff, “we
ride upon our own business. Stand aside, or thou rnayest
henceforth hnve no more business to do upon this earth ! ”
“Hide Oil then—ride on,” he replied, standiug aside with
great meekness. This was one of the guards whom they posted
everywhere upon the roads in order to stop the people who were
flocking to the camp. In this way many were sent back, and
many were arrested on their way to join "Monmouth.
Now, as we drew near to Bridport, the time being about
four o’clock, we heard the firing of guns and a great shouting.
“They have begun the fighting,” said Bamaby. “I knew
it would not be long a-eoming.”
It was, iu fact, the first engagement, when the Dorset¬
shire Militia were driven out of Bridport by the Duke's troops,
and there would have been a signal victory at the very outset
but for the cowardice of Lord Grey, who ran away with the
horse.
Well, it was a strange aud a wonderful thing to think that
close at hand were men killing each other on the Sabbath;
yea, and some lying wounded on the roads; and that civil
war had again begun.
“Let us push on,” said Humphrey, “out of the way of
these troops. They are but country lads all of them. If they
retreat, they will "run; and if they run, they will be seized
with n panic, aud will run all the way back to Lyme trampling
on everything that is iu the road.”
Tin's was sound advice, which we followed, taking an upper
track which brought us into the high road a mile or so nearer
('baruimth.
I do not think there can be anywhere a finer road than
that which runs from rharmouth to Lyme. It runneth over
high hills sometimes above the sea which rolls far below, and
sometimes above a great level inland plain, the name of which
I have forgotten. The highest of the hills is called Golden
('up; the reason why was plainly shown this morning when the
sky was clear and the sun was shining from the south-east
full upon this toll pico. When we got into this road we found
it full of young fellows, lusty and well conditioned, all march¬
ing, running, walking, shouting, and singing on their way to
join Monmouth. Some were adorned with flowers, some
wore the blue favour of the Duke, some had cockades hi their
lints, and some ngaiu were armed with musket or with sword ;
some carried pikes, some knives tied on to long poles, some
lmd nothing but thick cudgels, which they brandished valiantly.
At sight of these brave fellows my father lifted his head aud
waved his hand, crying “ A Monmouth.' a Monmouth ! Follow
me, brave lads 1 ” just ns if he had been a captain encouraging
lits men to charge.
The church of Lvmc standeth high upon the cliff which faces
the sea : it is on the eastern side of the town, and before you
get to the church, on the way from Channouth, there is a
broad field also on the edge of the cliff. It was this field that
was the first camp of Monmouth’s men. 'There were no tents
for the men to lie in, but there were waggbns filled, I suppose,
with munitions of war: there were booths where things were
sold, such as hot sausages fried over a charcoal fire, fried fish,
lobsters and periwinkles, cold bacon and pork, bread, cheese,
and such like, and barrels of beer and cider on wooden trestles.
The men were haggling for the food and drink, and already
one or two seemed fuddled. Some were exercising in the use
of arms; some were dancing, and some singing. And no
thought or respect paid at all to the Sabbath. Oh ! was this
the pious and godly camp which I had expected ?
“Sister,” said’Baruaby, “this is a godly and religious
place to which the wisdom of Dad hath brought thee. Perhaps
he mcanetli thee to lie iu the open like the lads.”
“ Where is the Duke ? ” asked my father, looking wrath-
fully at these revellers and Sabbath-breakers.
“The Duke lies at the George Inn,” said Bamaby. “I
will show the way.”
In tiie blue parlour of the George the Duke was at that
time holding a council. There were different reports as to the
Bridport affair. Already it was said that Lord Grey was unfit
to lead the horse, having been the first to run away; aud some
said that the Militia were driven out of the town in a panic,
and some that they made a stand and that our men had fled. I
know not what was the truth, and now it matters little, except
that the first action of our men brought them little honour.
When the council was finished, the Duke sent word that he
would receive Dr. Clinllis (that was Humphrey) and Dr.
Comfort Kykin.
So they" were introduced to the presence of his Grace, and
first my father—ns Humphrey told me—feU into a kind of
ccstacy, praising God for the landing of the Duke, and fore¬
telling such speedy victory its would lay the enemies of the
country at Iris feet. He then drew forth a roll of paper in
which he had set down, for the information of the Duke, the
estimated number of the disaffected in every town of the
south and west of Eugland, with the names of such as could
be trusted not only to risk their own bodies and estates in the
Cause but would stir up and encourage their frieuds. There
were so many on these lists that the Duke’s eyes brightened as
he read them.
“Sir,” he said, “if these reports can be depended upon we
ore indeed made men. What is your opinion, Dr. C’hallis ? ”
“My opinion. Sir. is that these are the names of friends
and well-wishers; if they see your Grace well supported
at the outset they will flock in; if not, many of them will
stand aloof.”
“ Will Sir Christopher join me ? ” asked the Duke.
“ No, Sir; he is now seventy-five years of age.”
The Duke turned away. Presently he returned to the lists
and asked many more questions.
“Sir,” saidmy father, at length, “I have given you the
names of nil that I know who are well affected to the Pro¬
testant cause ; they are those who have remained faithful to
the ejected Ministers. Man;’ a time have I secretly preached
to them. One thing is wanting: the assurance" that your
Grace will bestow upon us liberty of conscience and freedom
of worship. Else will not one of them move hand or foot.”
“Why,” said the Duke, “for what other purpose am I
come ? Assure them, good friend, assure them in my name;
make the most solemn pledge that is in your power and in
mine.”
“ In that case, Sir,” said my father, “ I will at once write
letters with my own hand to the brethren everywhere. There
arc many honest country lads who will carry the letters by
ways where they are not likely to be arrested and searched.
And now, Sir, I pray your "leave to preach to these your
soldiers. They are at present drinking, swearing, and breaking
the Sabbath. The campaign which should be begun with
prayer and humiliation for the sins of the country hath been
begun with many deadly sins, with merriment, and with
fooling. Suffer roe, then, to preach to them.”
“ Preach, by all means,” said the Duke. “ You shall have
the parish church. I fear, Sir, that my business will not suffer
me to hnve the edification of your sermon, but I hope that it
will tend to the soberness and earnestness of my men. For¬
give them, Sir, foi their lightness of heart. They are for the
most part young. Encourage them by promises rather than by
rebuke. And so, Sir, for this occasion, farewell! ”
In this way my father obtained the wish of his heart, and
preached once more in a church before the people who were
the young soldiers of Monmouth's army.
1 did not hear that sermon, because I was asleep. It was
in tones of thunder that my father preached to them. He
spoke of the old war, and the brave deeds that their fathers
had done under Cromwell; theirs was the victory. Now, ns
then, the victory should be theirs, if they carried the spirit of
faithfulness into battle. He warned them of their sins, sparing
none; and, in the end, he concluded with such a denunciation
of the King as made all who heard it, and had been taught to
regard the King’s Majesty as sacred, open their mouths and
gape upon each other; for then, for the first time, they truly
understood what it was that they were engaged to do.
While my father waited to see the Duke, Bamaby went
about looking for a lodging. The town is small, and the
houses were all filled, but he presently found a cottage (call it
rather a hut) on the shore beside the Cobb, where, on promise
of an extravagant payment, the fisherman’s wife consented to
give up her bed to my mother and myself. Before the bargain
was concluded, I had laid myself down upon it and was sound
asleep.
So I slept the whole day; though outside there was such
a trampling on the beach, such a landing of stores and creak¬
ing of chains as might have awakened the seven sleepers. But
me nothing could awaken.
In the evening I woke up refreshed. My mother was already
awake, but for weariness could not move out of her chair. The
good woman of the cottage, n kindly soul, brought nie rough
food of some kind witli a drink of water—the army had drunk
up all the milk, eaten all the cheese, the butter, the eggs, and
the pork, beef, and mutton in the place. And then Humphrey
caine and asked if I would go with him into the town to see
the soldiers. So I went, and glad I was to see the sight. But,
Lord ! to think that it was the Sabbath evening! For the
main street of Lyme was full of men, swaggering with long
swords at their sides and some with spears—feathers in their
huts and pistols stuck in their belts, all were talking loud, as I
am told is the custom in a camp of soldiers. Outside the
George there was a barrel on a stand, aud vendors and drawers
ran about with cans, fetching and carrying the liquor for
which the men continually called. Then at the door of the
George there appeared the Duke himself- with his following of
gentlemen. All rose and huzzaed while the Duke came down
the steps and turned towards the camp outside the town.
I saw his face very well as he passed. Indeed, 1 saw him
many times afterwams, but I declare that my heart sank
when first I gazed upon him as he stood upon the steps of the
George Inn. For on his face, plain to read, was the sadness
of coming ruin. I say I knew from that moment what would
be his end. Nay, 1 am no prophetess, nor am I a witch to
know beforehand the counsels of the Almighty; yet the Lord
hath permitted by certuiu signs the future to become apparent
to those who know how to read them. In the Duke of Mon¬
mouth the signs were a restless and uneasy' eye, an air of
preoccupation, a trembling mouth, and a hesitating manner.
There was in him nothing of the confidence of one who knows
that fortune is about to smile upon him. This, I say, was
my first thought about the Duke, and the first thought is
prophecy.
There sat beside the benches a secretary, or clerk, who
took down the names of recruits. The Duke stopped and
looked on. A young man iu a sober suit of brown, in appear¬
ance different from the country' lnds, was giving in his name.
“Dauiel Foe, your Grace,” said the clerk, looking up.
“ He is from London.”
“From London,” the Duke repeated. “I have many
friends in London. I expect them shortly. Thou art a worthy-
lad and deservest encouragement.” So he passed on his way.
(To be continu'd.)
Lord and Lady Hastings will leave England soon for
Australia, in the Orient line steamer Austral, on a visit to Lord
Carrington at Sydney.
The Special Commission appointed to inquire into the
charges against Mr. Parnell have appointed October Hi for
the opening of their inquiry.—The proprietors of the Time*
have taken their first step in defending the action brought
against that newspaper by Mr. Parnell in the Scotch Courts,
by instructing Edinburgh law-agents to represent them.
The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and the Chief Secretary
visited the Royal Irish Constabulary Depot, Phmnix Park,
Dublin, on Ang. 15, and expressed their high admiration of
the services rendered by the force to their Queen and country.
The Queen has contributed £50 to the Royal Irish Con¬
stabulary Fund.
The Drapers’ Company have granted £105 towards tlio
£19,000 which is being raised by the committee of which the
Duke of Westminster is chairman for the acquisition of tho
North Woolwich Gardens as a public park for the dreary district
near the Victoria and Royal Albert Docks and Beckton Gas
Works. This makes the seventh City Company which has con¬
tributed to this object. The agreement to purchase tho
gardens has been signed, but a sum of about £2300 has still to
be raised.
POSTACE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK,
AUGUST 25, 1888.
Subscribers will please tn notice that copies of this week's number forwnrdod
Abroad must be preimid according to the following rote*: To Canada,
United States of America. and the whole of Enrol**. Thick Kimtio.v,
TiroiM'iirr-Jialfjtrtni// ; Til IN Edition. One Penny. I’o Australia, Brazil.
<’n I to of (It Mid Hope. Chinn <via United States), Jamaica. Mauritius, mid
New Zealand. Thick Edition. Three^ure; This Edition, One Penny.
To Chinn (VIA Brindisi). India, and Java, Thick Edition, Fouri#ncc-
halfpenny; Tins Edition*. Thirf-halfpence.
Newspapers for foreign jwi ts must be jiosted within eight dajs of the
date of publication, irrespective of tho departure of the malls.
POU SEPTEMBER.
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ASTRONOMICAL OCCURRENCES FOR SEPTEMBER.
The Moon will be near, and to the left of. Satnm during the morning hnuni
of the 4th; she is near both Mercury and Venn* on the morning of the 7th ;
anil she I* near both Jupiter and Mar* during the evening hours of the 11th,
being n little to the left of both planets, Mars being farther from the Moon
tlmn Jupiter by alwmt 2 deg., and she will lie to the right of Saturn on the
morning of the 3 uh. Her phases or times of change are
New Moon on the 6th at 5G minutes after 4 lu the morning.
Flint Quarter „ 12th „ U „ 10 ,. afternoon.
Full Moon „ 2oth „ 24 „ 5 ., morning.
Lout Quarter .. 2Hth 30 .« 8 „
She Is nearest the Earth on the 9th, and most distant from It on the 26th.
MKlu t llY is an evening star, sotting on tho 6th at 7h Oni p.m. t or 24
minute# after sunset: on the 11 tli at 6h min p.ru.. or 26 minutes after the
Son sets : on the Iflth at 6h 42m p.m., or 30 minute# after #itn#et; on tho
20th at 6h 29m p.ui.. or 27 minute# after the Sun set*; on the 26th at 6li 18m
p.n>., or 26 minute# after sunset; and on the30th at 6h 7mp.m ,or 28mlnnto*
after sunset. He is near the Moon and Venus mi th • 7th ; i< in descending
nmle on tl>c 13th ; near Venus again on the 19*.h; and at greatest dtotaiico
from the Earth on the 23rd.
Vknus sot# on the 1st at 71) 17m p.m., or 33 minute# after sunset: on me
10th at ah 58m p.m., or 33 minutes after the Sun sets : on the 19th at 6li 40m
p.m» or 35 minim* after sunset; and on the 3oth at 6h Hitu p.m., or
41 minute# after sunset. She Is near the Moon on the 7th.
Maks set# on the 1st at 8h 56m p.m.. on the loth nt 8h Sim p.m., on tne
20th at 8h 14m p.m.. and on the 30th nt 7h 58m. p.m. Ho i# neur the Moon
and Jupiter on the 11th. . . _„
Jupiter set# on the 1st nt Mi 23m p.m., on the 8th nt 8h 57m p
18th at 8I» 21m p.m., and on the 28th at 7h 45m pun. He 1# near the Mum mm
M ars on the Uth.
Saturn rises on the 1st at 2h 46m a.m.. on the 9th at 2h 20m tun., on the
19th at ih 47m a.m., and ou the 29th at Ih 14m a.m. He I# near the Moou
on the 4th.
ATTO. 25, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
219
MOOR, MOUNTAIN, AND LOCH.
The clearness and briskness of the air gives the pedestrian a
feeling of rapt enjoyment and a sense of abnormal vigonr
which seem to diminish distances — almost to annihilate
space —and he strides across the moors for miles without per¬
ceptible fatigne. It is true that he has ample opportunities
for rest. The day is his own ; the moorland lies all before
him where to choose ; the sky glows with the fine splendour
of the summer; while the hot rays of the August suu are
teaipared by the light breeze which rises, one knows not
whence, and blows, one knows not whither. He can halt where
and as often as he pleases ; and, if he have eyes to see, his
halting-places will be numerous. For, as he follows the faint
foot-track until it disappears among the purple heather, and
then goes forward into what is for him the unknown, tho un¬
explored—the world of mystery and awe—new things of
beauty occnr at nlmost every step, and he feels that he must
pause’ to examine them. He starts, perhaps, a blackcock in
his home among the stony places; or a ptarmigan mounts
ont of the midst of the stunted coppice; or ho catches
sight, on a far-off hill, of a red - deer, standing alone,
expectant, free, and beautiful. Perhaps a hare scurries
timidly in front of him ; or a peaseweep, with green back
and white breast, flutters to and fro. crying dolefully,
and betraying, what she is fain to hide, the abiding-
place of her young brood. The ringing song that floats in
the amber air is that of an aspiring lintie; in yonder clnmp
of brushwood a mavis is pouring out its full heart of melody.
Then, as our pilgrim loiters onward with the slow, easy step
of a man who is making the most of the happy hours, he
comes suddenlyupon a brimming pool,cool and translucent, in
which the blue heaven is so faithfully mirrored that the gazer
feels as if he hovered between two firmaments, one above and
one below, and each of the same deep, soft, sapphire blueness—
each with the same warm radiance in its hidden depths.
Mayhap be falls in with a little patch of broom, where the
yellow blossom still lingers kindly, and he catches the solitary
hum of some vagrom bee; or a hollow filled with gorso and
bramble ; or a bright-green bit of quagmire, ringed round
with firmer sward, and edged
with wild cresses, among which
oozes silently an apparently in¬
exhaustible spring. Such halt¬
ing-places as these are plentiful
as blackberries "—on the moors.
At length the wayfarer turns
from these objects at his feet to
survey the panorama that spreads
around him; and't is then that he
becomes conscious of the glory
of the moors. For, piled up
against the horizon tower the
forms of the great mountains, as
if to shut out the world beyond
and keep it free from the intru¬
sion of the stranger; and there,
in the warm noon, rests upon
their sides a swathe of luminons
mist, through which the water¬
falls shine like glancing splen¬
dours ; and the rocky precipices—
the hannt and eyrie of the eagle—
arc veiled with manifold-tinted
draperies. The snnligbt, stream¬
ing fnll upon their rugged,
serrated tops, adorns them with
spires and pinnacles, and pyramids
and minarets of molten gold ;
while deep shadows and gulfs
even of blackness lie in the
ravines which break up the
mountain-mass into separate and
individual heights. It is difficult,
surely, to conceive of a grander
spectacle than yonder *• rampire”
of granite, with nil those lights
shivering and splintering, like
darts from angel-hands, against
each projecting ledge and crag ;
while clonds of silvery vapour
roll down towards its steadfast
base in the deep, dark, distant
waters. But to see it aright you
should see it when the full-orbed sun is sinking majestically
below the rim of day—when the mountain-summits gleam and
glisten with changing shades and hues of purple, emerald,
and amethyst—when a soft, mysterious violet steals into every
hollow—when serried ranks of burning and glowing clonds
gather all aronnd them in a kind of Titanic pomp, unimagin¬
able and indescribable — when the sky reflects upon the
heights, and the heights throw back upon the sky, such a
combination of ethereal colours as no painter ever dared to
dream of—and the fancy, spell-bound by the wonder of the
scene, loses itself in strange visions of adamantine palace-
towers, and kindling domes of crystal, and cathedral interiors
blazing with sacred fires—until, at last, the dazed eye refusing
Jo look further upon a magnificence that appals and almost
tihuds it, one tarns away, awe-strnck and shrinking, as Moses
may have done from the Presence in the Burning Bush!
One feeds as if one had stood for a moment at the gates of
heaven, and had had revealed to one the glories of the
Infinite ; God 1 how beautiful, how majestic is Thy sunset
among the eternal mountains ! Is it possible to gaze upon all
that vast stretch of light and shadow, of purpling depths of
sky, of lonely, awful mountain-peaks soaring far up into the
azure spaces, without owning in one's heart of hearts the
boundlessness of Thy power, the grandeur of Thy being ? Can
>t he possible among the mountains to disbelieve in Thee and
1 hy work.' Can it be possible among the mountains to disbelieve
in the immortality of the spirit which Thon hast given to man—
tlic spirit that lias the capacity and the power to feel, and know,
aud comprehend the majesty of the mountains, and the beauty
and the marvel of the sunset ?
One of the most impressive features of the moors is their
Am"* 7 *' * , e read of the silence of the virgin forests of the
amazons, and of its strange effect upon the traveller ; but sure
am t that it cannot be more eerie than that of the lonely
moors. When the pedestrian is well up into their solitudes, with
1 re i an . <i tIle mountains for his companions, away from
of wmgs and the ham of insects, and the bell-like
note or the red-decr—alone, alone in the deepest , sacredest hush
. ". ture ’ One feels afraid to lift up one's voice, lest it should
for mV, 001 ? wel ™ reverberation or perhaps some awful response:
knows what uncanny creatures may not haunt this
turn. , , l r er - v waste *° “Mom trodden by mortal feet ? One
cannot ““““huns-they are silent; or, at least, their voices
, hlther - °ne tarns to the skv—it gives no answer;
visihioil 1 Vif "S' eWr one with its fluent melodies. Tho
and n,„ . “tovensaregiven over to a conspiracy of silence;
scired 1 v P *!f nm P rP * a, ' s Obward with quickened step, almost
m by the awesomcness of a soundless world. Such silence
as here prevails is impossible in the sweet pastoral regions of
the Sonth, where the air is always fall of the plash of streams,
or the low of kine, or the hnm of villages, or of echoes of the
roar of great busy cities. It is impossible, too, among the
mountains; for there, even on windless days, the air is astir,
and the thunder of the cataracts neverceases. It is impossible
in the valleys which open seaward, and drink up into their
furthest depths the murmur of the ceaseless tide. But on the
moors—in the very heart of the wilderness—one feels a silence
that is like that of the grave.
But in time the wayfarer reaches the brink of the moor¬
land, and. as the long declivity opens before him, the welcome
sound of water breaks upon his ears—welcome? yes, as the
voice of a friend whom, after long absence, yon clasp by the
hand once more ! Almost at his feet a tiny rill issnes from a
patch of greenest moss. He follows it, and soon the rill marks
ont clearly its path among the sweet-smelling heather. He
follows it, and other rills soon mingle with it, until the rill
swells into a stream, and the stream deepens and broadens in its
rocky channel. He follows it, and still the channel grows
wider and deeper, and the burn laughs alond, and tumbles
joyously over edges of sandstone, and babbles in the shade of
bracken and fern and wild-brier; and, as it pursues its
rapid downward course, falls now and again into a wild im¬
petuosity, and leaps in a rush of perpendicular foam some
twelve to twenty feet or more, then rattles along beneath the
drooping rowans, and sinks again, deeper and deeper, into a
leafy glen ; takes another headlong bound from rocky steep, to
glide under the mossy trank of an old tree that has fallen nth wart
it, and past the crevice where the water-pyet hides her nest.
'The wayfarer follows it, and behold! it eddies among stones
and pebbles and bits of rock, or washes the lustrous leaves of
cresses and other aquatic plants, and dimples into still pools
among more bracken and broom. He follows it, and soon
becomes aware of the slow surging wash of the waters of
a great loch upon the silvery strand. Then, looking around,
he sees that the moorland is sliding down into a Tast basin,
on the further side of which the storm-blasted mountains rear
their dark fronts precipitously. There on the moorland side the
descent is gradual, and at the bottom runs a road, sprinkled
ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS.
The final report of the Commissioners on the Elementary
Education Acts has been published. The leading conclusions
to which the Commissioners have arrived are that, on the
whole, the demand for school accommodation has been fairly
met; that the power of deciding on the claims of schools to
be supported ont of (he Parliamentary grant can hardly be
placed in other hands than those of the Department to which
it has been committed by statute, and should not be placed
in the hands of a loeal body; that the remedy for the
grievance felt in the case of certain schools pronounced by
the Department to be unnecessary seems to be in a more
liberal interpretation of the term “ suitability,” and in a close
adherence to the spirit of the provisions of the Act of 1870: that
in any fresh educational legislation it should be enacted that
no transfer of a school held under trust should take place
without the consent of a majority of the trnstees, and that the
Department should not sanction such terms of transfer as
interfere with the original trust beyond what is required for
the purposes of the Education Acts. It is farther declared
that provision should be made that no structural expenses in¬
volving a loan be incurred without the consent of the trustees
who lease the building; that there is no reason why voluntary
effort should not be entitled to work pari pattu with a school
board in providing accommodation to meet any increase of popu¬
lation, subsequent to the determination of the necessary schools
supply arrived at by the Department after the first inquiry
of 1871; and that the time has come when the State may be
more exacting in requiring for all children a proper amount of
air, light, and space, suitable premises, and a reasonable extent
of playground. There are further recommendations as to school
management, the inspection of school-teachers, and staff
training-colleges. Though there are undoubtedly very con¬
siderable local shortcomings calling for amendment, the vast
increase in the school population receiving regular instruction,
obtained in the short period of seventeen years, gives results
of a very satisfactory nature. The absence of any serious
opposition on the part of the wage - earning classes to
compulsion, notwithstanding its
grave interference with their
homes, is largely owing to the
gradual steps by which it had
been introduced. While the Com¬
missioners desire to soenre for the
children in the public element¬
ary schools the best and most
thorough instruction in secular
subjects, they are unanimously of
opinion that their l-cligicus aud
moral training ;b a matter of
still higher importance, aud all
the evidence is practically unani¬
mous as to the desire of parents
for the religious and moral train¬
ing of their children. '1 he Com¬
missioners enforce the vab c of
manual and technical instruction.
The present large anni.al outlay,
as now distributed, does not
secure for the nation commensu¬
rate results, and various modifica¬
tions are suggested to secure this.
The report contains certain
reservations by Cardinal Manning.
MOOR, MOUNTAIN, AND LOCH.
with a few white cottages, which passes at both ends into
romantic, savage-looking glens, and through these glens extends
to other lochs and mountains, and so into Highland regions dear
to legend and song. But, oh ! the beauty of this loch—this
ample, glorious loch !—its shining surface relieved by green
wooded isles, and its circuit broken by tiny headland and
peninsula, by curve and crescent cove, into which the moor¬
land streams empty their tribute! One might spend a
summer s day in telling over all its gracious features and
radiant aspects, and then want another—and yet another—to
complete the tale ! W. H. D.-A.
GERMAN COLONIES IN ASIA MINOR.
The United States Consul at Sivas, in Asia Minor, in a recent
report states that during the past year an immigration move¬
ment from Germany to Asia Minor has taken place. There are
now about 100 German families at Amasia, a city on the river
Iris, about 100 miles north-west of Sivas. This is dne to the
efforts of tho German Consul there, who has largely interested
himself in the movement. Most of the colonists are mechanics
and men of moderate means. They have engaged in milling,
waggon-making, farming, and other industries. Several flour
mills with improved European machinery have been erected, and
this branch of business, for which Amasia is well adapted, owing
to its watcr-powerand the surrounding grain district, was to have
been largely extended daring the present year. It is expected
that large additions will be made to the colony during this
year, and that several other colonies will be established in
Anatolia. The immigration is at present small, but “ it is of
importance as indicating the commencement of a movement
which will undoubtedly tarn a part of the stream of German
emigration in a new direction, and it cannot lint be of great
advantage in developing resources which are now, owing to
the character of the population, wholly unused.”
The Professorship of Commerce and Commercial Law at
King's College, London, vacant by the death of Dr. Leone
Levi, lias been conferred on Mr. James Ganlt, barrister, of the
Middle Temple.
The Orders in Council for the holding of the Winter
Assizes appear in the (tazette. By a separate order it isdireoted
that the Winter Assizes for the county of Wilts shall here¬
after be held at Salisbury and Devizes alternately ; for the
county of Somerset, at Taunton and Wells alternately ; for
tho connty of Suffolk, at Ipswich and Bury St. Edmunds
alternately ; for the county of Glamorgan, at Swansea and
Cardiff alternately.
THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION.
This Association will shortly
meet at Bath. and. according to an
article in the Timet , evidently
written from official information,
old Associationists are looking
forward to the meeting with the
confident expectation that they
will spend a pleasant week. Sir
Frederick Bramwell is one of the
most popular members of tho
Association, and under his
auspices the social aspects of the
meeting are likely to be un¬
usually pleasant and prominent.
Great preparations are being
made by the citizens of Bath for the entertainment of both the
older and the younger visitors, and the latter especially will
have no reason to complain of the attentions that will bo
lavished upon them. The local committee, assisted by the ex¬
perienced assistant local secretary, are doing all they can to
make the meeting a pleasant one, and to make everything
work smoothly for the visitors. Bath is eminently a city
of hotels and comfortable lodging-houses, and, to judge
from the lists that have been drawn up, the prices to be
charged can hardly be considered exorbitant. Bristol, which
is so close at hand, will, no doubt, do its share in the way
of entertainment, and, with Cardiff and other large towns in
the west, will certainly furnish a considerable contingent of
visitors, so that it will not be surprising if the attendance at
the meeting comes np to 2500.
Already a very fair number of excursions have been arranged
for, and the Bath neighbourhood abounds with places of
interest. A considerable number have been arranged for on
the Saturday, but the most interesting are those for the second
Thursday. None of these are gratis, and few of them can be
considered cheap. Among the places included in the Saturday
excursions are Cirencester, Berkeley, the Severn Tnnnel
Bradford-on-Avon, Box and Corsham Quarries, Xtanton-
bury and neighbourhood. In the Thursday's list are included
Stonehenge, Salisbury, and Wilton ; Sidbnry, Avebnry, and
neighbourhood ; Wells and Glastonbury; Ebbw Gorge. Wookey
Hole, and Cheddar ; Chepstow and Tintern. No donbt there
will also be the usual proportion of afternoon receptions and
visits to places in the immediate neighbourhood.
As to the real proceedings of the Association, even if
nothing particularly brilliant is to be expected, in several of
the sections really useful work will be done, mainly through
the medium of discussions on prearranged subjects—a feature
which is rightly becoming more and more prominent every
year. In his presidential address, Sir Frederick Bramwell is
sure to deal pretty largely with progress in the department
with which his name is so eminently connected.
A handsome stained-glass window, introdneing figures of
Faith, Hope, and Charity, hy Messrs. Warrington and Co., of
Fitzroy-square, has been placed in Sandford church, Devon.
Cardinal Lavigerie gave an address on Ang. 15, in the
Cathedral at Brussels, on slavery in Africa. He advocated
the formation of a corps of about 100 men, composed ex¬
clusively of Belgians, to be stationed on the borders of Luke
Tanganyika, in order to bar the way to the slave-dealers. The
expenses ho estimated at a million francs.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON' NEWS, Avo. 25, 1888.—220
"Past s^reser^t.
HERE names of Glasgow ami
Die Clyde are inseparably
aMouiaUsl. The secund. in
amount of population,
among the cities of Great
Britain, the social am! com¬
mercial capital of We.*fern
Scotland. Glasgow, which
is to that part of the
country what Liverpool
ami Manchester, compounded together, with Borne of the
neighbour manufacturing towns, would be to England, owes
a great deal to its river. Yet it is not more true that the
Clyde has made Glasgow, looking to the “ Past and Present” of
both, than it is true that Glasgow haft made the Clyde. It is
by the skill and enterprise of the citizens, the engineers, the
shipbuilders and shipowners, and all interested in maritime
traffic, that this river, an offspring of the moorlands and
mountains of upper Lanarkshire, has been converted, in its
lower course, into a harbour and highway of great ocean
steamers, ranking with the Mersey and the Thames as one of
the main portals of our trade at sea. The domestic history of
British industrial and social progress has no chapter more
r.i.Asonw in the time nr ciiahmcs ii. fiuoi .
remarkable than this, tin* results of which are displayed in
the Glasgow Exhibition of i>—. now visited by In r Mrij«-*iy
the (Jttmi. Of that Exhibition, when it was owned bv their
Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess „f Wales, some
general account, with vuriou* 11 Inst rations, appeared in this
Journal. There is more to l,e said of it now ; bur <d Glasgow
atnl the Clyde, with the origin and iiierc.^e of their productive
and mercantile activity, manifested on the present occasion. a
dulgc in it at moderate length. Historical particulars concern¬
ing only those things which have passed away—the ancient
kingdom of Scotland, with all its feudal institutions, is no
exception—do not much engage the minds of ordinary readers.
4i Let the dead bury their dead " : most of us can find studies
more agreeable and profitable lhan the “ treasons, stratagems,
and spoils,” the ferocious brawls, the plots and conspiracies of
barons and chieftains, and of courtiers, lawyers, and church¬
men, in the reigns of rash and foolish monarch# before the
two Crowns were set on one Royal head. The excellent work
of the learned I)r. Hill Burton, and Sir Walter Scott's enter¬
taining “Tales of a Grand father.” besides Scott’s romances
and poems, are at the service of English renders who rare to
know the affairs of the Scottish Kings of the House of Stuart,
IN Ol.l) engraving.
and the manifold troubles brought on that country by the
most faciiiiitti set of noblemen, the most inveterate plotters
:uul intriguers, who rver pursued schemas of criminal ambition.
But it ts different with those facts of historical or aiitii|u&rhui
research that concern the real welfare of the land and of the
jicplc. from the earliest age of native barbarism, from the
civilising ail vent of a great missionary < h list inn Bi-bop,
hu
i be
development of civic and local public spirit, by which modern
Glasgow has grown like the wealthy anti powerful free cities of
Flanders, of Germany, anil of Daly in the Middle Ages. Such
works in the past, and the frails of such lives and labours,
belong to the history of that which is not dead, but is still
living and flourishing in prosperous growth, to the benefit of
the whole nation at the present time, and of generations
hereafter, also to the spread of many benefits wherever British
influence shall extend all over the globe. In this way. it
seems to us, the annals of progress at Glasgow and on the Clyde,
beginning as far back as we know, would seem worthy of
attention.
Rivers are much older than towns, and have witnessed
much greater changes: if one of them could speak articulately,
Sfeigjl
jf
' SEp— zrr 1 .
;
Hi
W;
;r i
1 1 '
, - 1 / ; _
>
4
THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION, 1888. MAIN ENTRANCE FROM THE GROUNDS.
5j3m
1Cf|?
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Auo. 25, 1883.-221
TUB GLASGOW EXHIBITION; GRAY-8TBEET ENTRANCE
222
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 25, tl
instead of the solemn murmuring voice that ceases not a
moment, by day and by night, as it flows perpetually on
during hundreds and thousands of years, what might it not
tell of the ages of human toil and strife, the doings, the enjoy¬
ments, the sufferings of mankind dwelling ou its banks !
Could but the Thames or the Tiber narrate what its fabled
Genius must have seen from a period before the building of
London or Rome ! The Clyde has a story to relate which may
be read by the eye, and its beginning is romantic enough
as a matter of topography : far up in the hills near Moffat,
oozing out of a peaty moor which also gives birth to the
Tweed, the little “ burn ” presently falls in with two larger
infant streams, the Daer and the Powtrail, 900 ft. above the
sea-level, and they agree to run and play together in one
channel. They do not say to each other, “ Let ns go down and
make the great city of Glasgow-." Old “Tintock Tap,” the
famons hill of a droll song, looking down on them from his
summit of 2535 ft., is pleased to see the Clyde coming his way,
joined by the Elvan, the Camps and Medlock, the Glengonar
and Duneaton Waters, bnt asks no questions about its further
business. “ The river wanders at its own sweet will,” and in
a sweet way, among heathery hills, verdant level holms, wood¬
land parks, and glens leading to deserted mines of metal, with
a little gold in them; a ruined baronial tower of the Lindsays ;
another, “The Bower of Wandel," perched on its rock almost
surrounded by the stream ; and by the Devonshaw and Startup
Heights, to the pretty village of Laraington. Here the Clyde
assumes a more important demeanour, quite unconsciously, we
believe ; the character of a river, in fact, depends on geology.
Its course, so far, has been through hard Silurian rock, its allies
and tributaries were originally mountain torrents ; but now
it enters the Old Red Sandstone, and must be graver, as it will
be deeper and broader in these strata of the earth's crust; it
is also now within twelve miles of Lanark, the county town,
and therefore has to make a respectable appearance. Faresvell
to its sportive infancy! But as the course of adult youth is often
devions and tumultuous, so with the Clyde. Winding uncertainly
through a flat valley, and leaving old Tinto Hill behind like
a tutor of school-days, it passes Symington in a north-easterly
direction, till it almost meets the Tweed. “ Halloa .'" says the
Tweed, “you're not to go my way! I’m going east to the
German Ocean ; you go that way," pointing west: “ you flow
into the Irish sea.” So the Clyde obeys its brother's advice,
makes a sudden bend to the north-west at Biggar, again curves
to the west at Carnwnth and Carstoirs, delighting itself amid
broad meadows and corn-fields, and the parks and mansions of
Earls. It seems inclined to run into Ayrshire, the Land of
Barns, till it is brought up sharply to a sense of its proper
in the hills, between high wooded banks, it reaches Bonnington
Linn, where it leaps a precipice of 30 ft., with a projecting
rock midstream dividing the mass of water. The channel
below narrows and deepens, and the river is overhnng by
trees, for about half a mile ; here is Corra or Cora Linn, one
of the most beautiful of British cataracts—for a descent of
water by three successive bounds, twice caught by steps or
ledges of rock, situated obliquely to each other, is more
picturesque than wonld be a single perpendicular fall of 84 ft.,
as it presents more various com¬
binations of the forms of flowing
water. The ancient ruin of Corra
Castle, the stronghold of the
Bannatynes, stands on the cliff
overhead; and there is a rock-
hole, with a small brook cascade,
said to have once harboured
William Wallace. The river, tra¬
versing a softer and more open
valley, passes Lanark town, Cart-
land Crags, and Telford’s grand
viaduct, below which it goes
through another splendid perform¬
ance, the Falls of Stonebyres,
again descending 70 ft. in three
leaps. It is joined at Crossford by
the lovely S'ethan, to enter the
pleasant lands of Clydesdale, a
district including the remnants of
Cadzow Forest, Hamilton, Mother-
well, and Botliwell, which is
scarcely surpassed in beauty, or
in legendary and historic interest,
by the vales of the Tweed,
Ettrick, and Teviotdale.
This is a fine orchard and
frnit-growing district, and much
of it, the soil being very fertile, is occupied by corn-fields,
with which are interspersed many pieces of woodland. Of
the ancient Forest of Cadzow. formerly covering the whole
plain and neighbouring hills, there are some remains on the
banks of the Avon, within the demesnes of the Dnke of
Hamilton. The oaks are of vast antiquity, most of them
decaying, and their short trunks are enormous in girth, some
measuring 27 ft. round. In this forest is kept the famons
breed of wild cattle, pure white all over, saving the muzzle,
hoofs, and tips of the ears, which are black, as well as the
eyes. They resemble the rare Chillinghatn breed of North¬
umberland and Berwickshire ; and it is probable that they are
not of a native Caledonian stock, but were imported, centuries
ago, as a fancy breed. Sir Walter Scott's description of this
fine animal, in his ballad of “ Cadzow Castle," is somewhat
exaggerated. The subject of that poem is the sudden return
home of Hamilton of Bothwellhangh, after murdering the
Regent Murray at Linlithgow. Cadzow Castle, the ruins of
which are in the woods above the Avon, two miles from the
Clyde, was a Royal residence of the Bruces, who gave it to the
Hamiltons. The Palace of Hamilton, a magnificent ducal
mansion, is comparatively modern ; the Knight of Cadzow,
Sir James Hamilton, was ennobled in 1445, and married Princess
Mary, daughter of a King of Scotland, whose grandson, the
Earl of Arran, became Regent for Queen Mary Stuart, and
his son was a sort of pretender to the throne. The Duke
of Hamilton has also a French title, Duke of Chatelherault,
and there is a chateau on this estate, named from that of
Chatelherault in France. The park and mansion have been
described on former occasions ; the art collections, library,
and furniture were sold in London, for nearly £400,000, six
years ago. The town of Hamilton, which has nearly 20,000
inhabitants, owes its prosperity to the coal and ironworks in its
vicinity, and is also the quarters of military forces, but is not
otherwise interesting. Motherwell is a similar thriving town,
a junction station on the Caledonian Railway, with Dalzell
House, the seat of another branch of the noble family of
Hamilton. The village of Bothwcll, within nine miles of
Glasgow, has a name unhappily more celebrated. “ Were you
TUB CLYDK, SiBAlt ITS SOlllCK.
duty by a junction with Douglas Water. Here is a new
partner not to be trifled with, bent on flowing north—a strong
and full stream rising at a height of 1500 ft., and acquainted
with the Castle of the Douglas Lords, who were apt to have
their own way. The Clyde is henceforth not allowed to amuse
itself with erratic vagaries, but must run a tolerably straight
course. It has to make a grand exhibition of itself, and to win
a classic renown for its noble waterfalls, as it approaches
Lanark town. Its rocky bed is here of a nature to form
terraces adapted to this i-crforaiancc. Through a deep gorge
at the battle of Bothwell Brig.’ ” was the question put to
Ephraim Macbriar, the tortured Cameronian martyr, when the
wedge was driven into the iron “ boot,” crushing his knee-
hone, horrible to imagine, by order of the Duke of York,
afterw-ards King James It., and of the Earl of Landerdale and
others of the Council, in a dreadful scene of “ Old Mortality."
The battle fought on June 22, 1679, in which four thousand
Covenanters were defeated by Claverhouse and Dalziel, is
described by Scott.
From Bothwell down to Glasgow, the Clyde loses its romantio
aspects and associations for a space, though Bothwell Castle
and Blantyre Priory arc sufficiently picturesque. Ti c
manufacturing town of Blantyre is notable as the birth¬
place of David Livingstone. The Clyde has received large
accessions to its volume from the South and North Calder,
rivers flowing from the east, and the Rotten Calder, from the
south, by which it is rendered capable of becoming, with the aid
of the engineers, a navigable river. Its course iB now almost due
west; on its left or south bank is Rntherglen, a small town
which bad once more trade than its neighbour Glasgow-, and
which is of some note in Scottish history, both in the wars of
Wallace and Bruce against the English, and in the civil wars
of the Covenanters. It was here that Sir John Menteitb
betrayed Wallace to the vengeance of King Edward. It was
at Langside, close by, that Queen Mary saw her army defeated,
and fled in despair. Being now within sight of Glasgow, we
shall interrupt our description of the Clyde, to speak of the
origin, rise, and progress of the great commercial city.
Here, then, on the right bank of the river, between tlio
Molendinar and the Kelvin, streams that flow down to it from
the Campsie Fells on the north side, let us look yet farther
back by the assistance of Mr. Andrew Macgeorge, whose treatise
on “Old Glasgow, the Place and the People, from the Roman
Occupation to the Eighteenth Century,” has already been
noticed. O times past! O places wonderfully altered! O
people changing their name, their language, their creeds,
their habits and manners, abiding in these places, from
the Celtic heathen savage with his bare body tattooed, wield¬
ing bis stone-pointed lance in front of his rude home, a
mere pit roofed with boughs and fern or heather, to the rich
Glasgow Bailie, merchant or banker, the dignified Lord Provrst,
a member of Parliament, a respectable Elder of the Presby¬
terian Kirk ! Two thousand years ago, when the Caledonians
were about as civilised as the natives of Masai Land in East
Africa or those of New Guinea are now, Bailie Nicol Jarvie’s
ancestors, paddling on the Clyde, or prowling in the woods
aud marshes, never dreamt of his civic importance. It required
centuries of experiment, invention, and practice, for them to
make their little canoes, scooped out of the trunks of oaks
with stone hatchets helped by burning, and fitted, perhaps,
with a stern of boards, two or three of which have been found
buried in the earth, in the midst of the city streets. This was
the commencement of Clyde shipbuilding! The Romans came
and went in North Britain -, nnder Agricola they built a ram¬
part, twenty-seven miles long, across from the Forth to the
Clyde. The whole country between this and the Wall of
Hadrian, or of Severus, from the Tyne to the Solway, was
afterwards abandoned by its Roman garrison, without having
obtained Roman civilisation. Its eastern part became the
Saxon kingdom of Northumbria, and Edinburgh was a Saxon
DVHBARTOX CASTLE, ON THE CLYDE.
city. The western part, including all the south-west region of
Scotland, with Westmorland, Cumberland, and the North Lan¬
cashire peninsula to Morecambe Bay, was the British kingdom
of Alcluith, sometimes named Strathclyde. Its population were
nearly akin to those of Gwynneth or North Wales, with some
emigrants from Cornwall and Devon. The chief fortress and
capital of this Principality was Dumbarton, the CaBtlo on the
Rock, fifteen miles below Glasgow. In the latter part of the
sixth century of Christendcm. when Britons, Scots. Piets, and
Saxons were still tugging against each other for the possession
of different parts of North Britain, a reverend man of peace, a
man of faith and charity, the British apostle Kentigern, called
" Mun-gu," which means in Welsh "Kind Friend," came to
reside on the sylvan banks of the brook Molendinar. From
the heart aud brain of this good "St. Mungo,” rurely a
messenger of God's grace, sprang the germ of Christian
civilisation in Glasgow. Episcopacy or Presbyterianism, what
matter for the title of office t this man was both “ Overseer "
and "Elder"; founder, pastor, and first Bishop, of the local
church. The place had, indeed, been visited, towards the end
of the fourth century, by St. Ninian, a missionary to the Piets;
and Kentigern also found an aged hermit, one Fergus, dying in
his cell on the banks of the Clyde, whose grave he made on the
site of the present Cathedral. , _
Under the protection of King Rhydderch, who was a Christian,
Kentigern organised his monastic college of preachers and
teachers, instructing the natives in religion and morality, in
agriculture, building, making furniture and clothing, and
other useful arts. It is likely that he taught them how to
construct a better kind of boats, and to make fishing-nets,
thinking of the sons of Zebedee ou the Galila-an lake. Honour
and gratitude are due to St. Mungo, as well as to “Wallace
wight ” and “ weel-skilled Bruce,” and all the fighting Scottish
patriots of later ages ! The victories of humane benevolence
are slow, but ultimately certain, and infinitely blessed. Did
Livingstone think of Kentigern's example, when he joined
Robert Moffat in the Bechuana Mission ! A few generations—
and what are a few centuries to mankind 1 —will, perhaps,
show the fruits of their work in a prosperous native African
world. There was cruelty, slavery, robbery, and murder
enough, the darkest ignorance and the foulest vice, among
that noble race of Britons, admired for their beauty and
strength by Roman writers, who dwelt near the Caledonian
wall. The Saxon Kings of Northumbria, using the arms of
Anglian, Danish, and Norman adventurers, invaded Strath¬
clyde, and subdned its Celtic people. Feudal rule of tbo
utmost strictness was imposed on the conquered nation; but
the Bishops of Glasgow were the protectors of n little
commonwealth, enjoying more security and civil freedom
than any other parts of Scotland. These recollections,
whatever theological objections, since the Protestant Re¬
formation. may prevail against the institution of prelacy in
the Scottish Church, entitle the old Bishop's Castle to
some respect. It stood near the west door of the cathedral
till a hundred years ago, os represented in one of onr Illus¬
trations ; and there is a model of it forming a temporary
museum of historical relics, in the Exhibition grounds. The
Castle is mentioned in a charter of 1290 ; it was a building of
Norman style, but was much enlarged in the fifteenth century,
and became a “ Palace." with fair courts and flower-gardens. It
is worthy of remark that the Glasgow Town Council, regard¬
ing the Bishop as their official patron, held their meetings in
a special hall of his Castle until the sixteenth century.
The Cathedral Church, internally, is a beautiful Early
Gothic edifice, with a fine crypt of grand pillared arches under
the nave and choir, but not underground, as the east end of the
building is on a steep slope to the Molendinar. Its construc¬
tion was begun in the latter part of tlio twelfth oentury, by
AUG. 25, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW'S
223
Biahop Jooelvn t and was advanced by Bishop Bodington, seventy
or eighty years later. The grand tower and the consistory-
house were* unfortunately pulled down by Government order
in our own times, and the exterior of the Cathedral is not
imposing The interior has been “restored’’ with extreme
neatness and elegance, and the stained-glass windows are as
good ns modern artificers can make. The aspect of antiquity
has departed: yet the visitor cannot—except when Divine
service is going on—help calling to mind that scene of “ Rob
Rov.” where somebody is beckoned to from behind a pillar, to
receive a whispered secret affecting the safety of persons in
tho story. The old painted windows, the sculptured images,
and the altars, were destroyed at the Reformation. The
Black friars Monastery, in High-street, was an ecclesiastical
abode of much pomp; and the English King Edward I.
sojourned there when he came to conquer Scotland. In 1488,
the Bishops of Glasgow became Archbishops.
The city, however, was but a sin'll! and poor town until
after the seventeenth century, when, like most provincial towns
of Scotland, it gained immensely by the effects of the legis¬
lative Union with England—as Belfast and Cork have gained
prosperity by the Irish Act of Union. It was originally the
Bishop’s Burgh, under feudal patronage, but with municipal
privileges, secured by a Royal charter in 1189; the Bishop,
however, was the Baron of Glasgow, appointed the Provosts,.
Bailies, and Sergeants, and nominated his representatives in
the Scottish Parliament. This constitution naturally became
unpopular after the Reformation, of which Archbishop
Beaton, nephew of Cardinal Beaton, was an obstinate adver¬
sary : the Castle was besieged three times, in 1548, in 1560,
and in 1570, by the Hamiltons of Arran and other Protestant
Lords ; and the rule of the Prelates was brought to an end. At
the same time, when the manorial powers of local government
rule passed into the hands of laymen, the effect on the interests
of the townsfolk was prejudicial. Glasgow, nevertheless, by the
industry and thrift of its inhabitants, gained a moderate share
of trade; set up weaving in 1688 ; exported coarse woollen
cloths, friezes and tartans, linens, hides and tallow ; imported
goods from Ireland, the Highlands, France, Spain, and Norway,
and sugar from Barbadoes, though no Clyde vessel yet crossed
the Atlantic. A View of the town in the reign of Charles II.,
when it had about 4000 inhabitants, is among onr present
Illustrations. Defoe, in 1727, called Glasgow' “a large, stately,
and well-built city,*’ commending the breadth of its live best
streets—High-street, theTrongate, the Salt, market. Gal low gate,
and Drygato being probably those intended. George-street,
Argyle-street, and all to the west did not then exist. There
was not a hackney-coach, a stage-coach, or a post-chaise in the
town. One grave-digger sufficed to dispose of the whole
NEWARK CASTLE, PORT OI.ASOOW.
population, ns fast as they chose to die. The living might he
reckoned then at 13, (NX). Further details of Glasgow' life
more than a century ago may bo gathered from ** Rob
Roy” ; and Bailie Nicol Jarvio is one of the truest characters
that its author ever drew. Glasgow society was strictly
observant of the distinctions of classes. The. merchants
who imported tobacco, called the “ tobacco lords,” had a
privileged walk at the Cross, on the “ plane-stanes” in
front of the Tontine, where they strutted to and fro, arrayed
in long scarlet cloaks and bushy periwigs, and nobody dared
speak to them, as they looked on the ** wabster bodies” with
an air of aristocratic scorn.
The time came at last for that grander development of
Glasgow commerce which at tended a series of persevering efforts
to make the Clyde a harbour of sea-going ships. There is
a story of an American passenger to Glasgow, in modern
times, saying to the captain of a steam-ship ; “You call this
ditch a river.' You should see our rivers, the Hudson, the
Mississippi, the Ohio, and the Missouri ! ” Said the Scotch¬
man in reply, “ Don’t you brag of the rivers that Providence
made for ye ; I tell ye, we Glasgow bodies made this river for
oorsels ! ” And so it w T as ; it is by local management, with no
aid either from Government grants, that the shallow, sprawl¬
ing stream, w'hich boys could wade across, has been converted
into a deep and straight navigable waterway, capable of float¬
ing fc l ie largest steamers in the merchant navy. In old times,
Dumbuck Ford, twelve miles below Glasgow, was the shallowest
the PREcrnson, built on tub Clyde.
The First Steamer of tho P. ami O. Company.
part, and the great obstacle to navigation. Some inhabitants
i Glasgow. Renfrew, and Dumbarton made periodical attempts
to remove the great sandbank which formed the obstruction.
J ... £ 0<K 1 resulted from these efforts ; up to 1658 the
s ippmg port for Glasgow' was as far away as Irvine, in
yrshire, and all goods had to be brought from there either
C *»?* n !l ve land carriage or tedious lightering. In that
joar, the Magistrates of Glasgow approached their brethren of
Dumbarton with the view of purchasing ground there for the
construction of a harbour. The Dumbarton Magistrates, how¬
ever. refused to sell the ground, and the Glasgow Magistrates
purchased thirteen acres further down on the south side of the
river, where they built harbours, constructed the first graving-
dock in Scotland, and founded the town of Port Glasgow.
But they still had a strong desire to have the trade brought up
to their own town. Accordingly, in 1755, they employed
Smeaton to report to them on the possibility of accomplishing
it. There was then, at the western boundary of the present
harbour. 1 ft. 3 in. of water at low tide, and 3 ft. 8 in. at high
tide. At the same point, to-day, there is 14 ft. and 24 ft. at
low and high water respectively. The plan proposed by
Smeaton, however, showed he had little idea of Glasgow
ever becoming much of a seaport. He recommended the
erection of a darn and lock four miles below the bridge,
the lock to be “18 ft. in the clear, and to take in a vessel
of 70 ft. long, or to let pass a sloop or brig of above
100 ton8 when there is water in the river to admit it.” Under
an Act of Parliament passed in 1759, power was given to the
Magistrates and City Council of Glasgow to cleanse, scour,
straighten, and improve the river Clyde from Dumbuck Ford
to the Bridge of Glasgow, and to make locks, which fortunately
were never constructed. For in 1768 Mr. John Golborne, of
Cheater, came upon the scene ; and it is to his skill and
ingenuity that Glasgow owes the first real improvement in the
river. He found the depth at low water within the harbour to
be 1 ft., and at Dumbuck Ford it was 2 ft His plan, as he
himself expressed it, was “ to assist Nature by removing the
stones and hard gravel from the bottom of the river where it is
shallow, and by contracting the channel where it is worn too
wide.” In 1770 another Act wnsobtained, which de¬
clared that the Magistrates and Council were now
advised “ that by contracting the channel of the
said river Clyde, and building and erecting jetties,
banks, walls, works, and fences in and upon the
said river, and dredging the same in proper
places between the lower end of Dumbuck Ford
and the Bridge of Glasgow, the said river Clyde
may be fnrther deepened, and the navigation
thereof more effectually improved than by any
lock or dam.” This was done, and, thirteen
years later, the Glasgow Magistrates again con-
sulted Mr. Golborne about the means of getting
a depth of water at the Broomiclaw quay, to
receive vessels trading to England and Ireland.
Mr. Golborne found that, by the operation of
his plans, a great deal had been effected in the
improvement of the channel. The jetties which
he had constructed had concentrated the current,
so that, aided by dredging, it had worn away
Dinubiick Ford to a depth of 14 ft. at low water,
and at other parts of its course as much ns 20 ft.
and 22 ft. of water were to be found. He there¬
fore recommended perseverance in the tactics
which had already proved so successful ; and,
under his auspices and those of his successor,
Rennie, more than two hundred jetties were
erected between Glasgow and Bowling. To
mike the system still more complete, walla were built
connecting the ends of the jetties, and confining the
stream within strict limits. In 1807, Rennie made a very
satisfactory report of the condition of the river ; but at that
time it was proposed to give the channel at the mouth of the
Kelvin, the lower boundary of Glasgow harbonr, only a width
of ISO ft., with a width of 1354 ft. for the harbour itself:
whereas the present dimensions are 370 ft. and 450 ft. The
present depth of the harbour is is ft. to 20 ft. at low water. By
a third Act, obtained in 1809, the Magistrates and Council were
for the first time appointed trustees of the Clyde navigation.
In 1825. by a fourth Act, the Trustees’ jurisdiction was ex¬
tended to Port Glasgow, and power was given to deepen the
river to 13 ft., and the constitution of the Trust was widened
by the addition ns trustees of “ five other persons interested in
the trade and navigation of the river and firth of Clyde,” to
be appointed by the Magistrates and Council. In 1840 a
farther Act was obtained, providing for the deepening to
17 ft. at neaps; and, between 1846 and 1884, varions
Acts were obtained, arranging for the construction of
docks, and the borrowing of money, for the provision of harbour
tramways, and for the construction of graving - docks.
One of these, obtained in 1858, and known as the Consolida¬
tion Act, fixed the number of Trustees at twenty-five,
consisting of the Lord Provost and nine members of the
Town Council, two of tho matriculated members of the
Merchants' House, two chosen by the members of the Trades’
House of Glasgow, two by the Chamber of Commerce of
Glasgow, and nine by the shipowners and ratepayers;
the qualification of the latter members of the Trust being
ownership to the extent of at least 250 tons of shipping, or
payment of rates to at least the extent of £25 per annum ; and
the qualification of those who elect them, ownership to the
extent of at least 1(8) tous of shipping, or payment of £10 of
rates or upwards. The offices of the Trust are situated in
Robertson-street, near the Broomielaw.
The harbour, the docks, the shipbuilding, and the maritime
trade of Glasgow will claim more particular description after
that of the modern city, which is the mistress of so many arts,
trades, works of improvement, and manufacturing industries.
Our topic, combining diverse views of “ Glasgow and the
Clyde, Past and Present,” has so far been topographical and
historical ; it presents, like the scenes in our Illustrations,
many striking contrasts. From the reputed “Source of the
Clyde,” in “the peace that is among the lonely hills.” and
from the cataracts of Cora Linn, and the Heart of the
Forest, where the shy deer come to drink of still fresh waters
among the trees of romantic Cadzow, what a change it is to
the Broomielaw, where two miles of quays are crowded with
shipping, and to the bustle of Argyle-street and Union-street,
and to the cotton-spinning, weaving, bleaching, and calico-
printing factories, to the iron and steel foundries, the mechan¬
ical engineers’ works, the collieries, the chemical works of the
industrial suburbs, and to the iron shipbuilding yards of
Govan, and to the mansions of commercial and manufacturing
aristocracy at the West-End, and finally to the Glasgow Exhi¬
bition ! Here are things old and new, the soothing charms
of rural Nature, the solitudes of mountain, forest, and
moorland, the sweet aspects of a fertile plain, the
ruined castles on crags that have echoed the shouts of
ancient warfare, the traces of turbulent feudal chieftainship,
tho haunts of Wallace and Bruce, the battlefields of stern
historical conflicts, of the partisans of Mary Stuart and those
of the Covenant, of C’laverhouse and the Duke of Monmout h with
the stern Cameronians—all these, within a short journey up
the Clyde, near enough to the huge town of varied and in¬
cessant labours, of increasing riches, of immense capital,
science, skill, credit, and enterprise, where the ghost of Bailie
Nicol Jarvie, walking the new streets in the silence of night,
may stand amazed at the prosperity of his civic successors !
And the spirit of St. Mango, of the saintly Kentigem, whose
lowly dwelling was on the banks of the Molendinar. when
“ Love hod he sought in huts where poor men lie.” hearing his
message of Christian faith, and duty to the wild heathen of
Strathclyde, may look on his cathedral—and with equal
approval, no doubt, on Norman Maclcod’s church hard by. a
centre of the truest Christian teaching—whence the ancient
Celtic title, “Kind Friend,” tho original designation of the
Glasgow Pastorate, ought ever to speak to the hearts of the
people. .
Glasgow is a handsome and substantially built city, and
the streets are, for the most part, laid out with great regularity,
running either parallel with or at right angles to the river.
The principal thoroughfare is Argyle-street, running east and
west, nearly parallel to, and about 500 yards from the river.
The point at which it is met by Jamaicn-street and Union-
street may be considered the centre of Glasgow. Here nearly
all the tramway lines running east and west, north and south,
intersect ; the two principal railway stations, St. Enoch and
the Central, are within two minutes’ walk ; while Queen-street
station, Bridge-street station, and the Broomielaw steam-boat
wharf may be reached in a few minutes. Argyle-street is the
main industrial artery of the city, and, with its continuations
Main-street and Dumbarton-road to the west and Trongate
and Gallowgate to the east, connects the two extremities of the
city by an unbroken line of street above five miles in length.
Other important thoroughfares parallel to Argyle-street
are George-street, passing through George-square, connect¬
ing with Duke-street, and forming the main roadway
to the north - eastern district. Dennistoun. From the
central point already mentioned, Union-street, with its con¬
tinuations Renfield-street and Port Dundas-road, inns north as
far as the industrial suburb of Port Dundas ; and with
Jamaica-strect, Bridge-street, and Eglinton-street on the south
forms the principal north and south route for the immense
traffic over Glasgow Bridge. Buchanan-street, to tbe east of
Union-street, is the principal outlet from St. Enoch station to
the north, and is considered the best shopping street in
Glasgow, though Sauchiehall-street, running west from the
THE FINOAL, ONE OP THE BABLY STEAMBOATS ON TllB CLYDE.
head of Buchanan-street. vies with it for shopping, and is the
principal approach to Kelvingrove Park. The New City-road,
with its continuation, the Great Western-road, is one of the
longest and straightest of Glasgow thoroughfares. The Great
Western-road passes through the fashionable suburbs of Hill-
head and Kelvinside. On the south side of the river, Paisley-
road. with its continuation Govan-road, follows the course of
the Clyde, passing through the populous and modern district of
Tradeston and Kingston on to the burgh of Govan ; this forms
the main east and west thoroughfare. Main-street, in line with
the Victoria Bridge, and Crown-street,opposite the Albert Bridge,
are other important streets on the south side, all at right angles
to the river, and parallel to Eglinton-street. The city districts
of Sandyford, Kelvinhangh, and Woodside, Anderston. Fin-
nieston, Gorbals, Hutchesontown, TradeBton, and Kingston
were, until comparatively recent times, almost country villages.
The older quarters of the city, about Drygatc, High-street.
Gallowgate. Bridgeton, Saltmarket, Bridgegate, Trongate. the
Wynds, Gorbals, and Calton, have been much altered between
1866 and the present time. The operations of the City of
Glasgow Union Railway, and still more of the City Improve¬
ment Trust, acting under an Act obtained in 1866, have removed
many narrow dirty courts, lanes, and streets. High-street,
Rotten-row, and Drygatc retain few signs of their former
importance. Adjacent to Drygate is Duke’s-place, which con¬
tained an ancient house at one time belonging to the Earl of
Lennox, and afterwards to tbe Duke of Montrose, where
Darnley’s illness took place, and where Queen Mary visited
him. It was removed in 1853. Its connection with the Duke
gave its name to Duke-street. The suburban villages and burgbs
connected with the city by rows of houses or by partly-open
roads areMaryhill and Keppoch-hill to tbe N.W., Spring-
burn to the N., Shettleston, East Muir. Hogganfield. Provan-
hall. Toll cross, and Parkhead to the E.; Crossbill, Strathbungo,
and Pollokshields, to the S.; Kinning Park, Govan, Govan-hill,
to the W.S.W.; and Hillhead, Partick, and Whiteiuch to
the west.
The architectural and monumental grandeurs of the city—
apart from the Cathedral and the University—are to be found
in George-sqnarc, a place which was the rough playground of
Glasgow boys now become sober elderly men. On the east
side of it
has arisen
a magnifi¬
cent public
edifice in
the Italian
style, with ,
a hundant •;
ornament,
which has ancient British canoe, found at olasoow.
been built
since 1883 at a cost of half a million sterling—the New
Municipal Building, occupied by the Lord Provost, Bailies, and
Town Council, with their Town Clerk and Chamberlain and other
municipal officers, for the business of the Corporation, which in
the olden time was transacted in the Tolbooth, and before that,
in the Bishop's Castle. The square is adorned with bronze
equestrian statues of the Queen and tho late Prince Consort ;
a Dorio fluted column SO ft. high, on top cf which is Sir Walter
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Aro. 25, 1838.- 224
GLASGOW AND THE CLYDE: THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION.
TUE GLASGOW EXHIBITION: VIEW IN THE GROUNDS.
BJT11WELL CASTLE, ON THE CLYDE.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Aco. 25, 1888—225
THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION, VISITED BY THE QUEEN.
Soott; sitting bronze etatnes of James Watt, the practical
inventor of the steam-engine, and Dr. Graham, Master of the
Mint; and statues of Robert Burns, the Ayrshire poet;
General Sir John Moore, Field-Marshal Lord Clyde, and
Thomas Campbell, three natives of Glasgow; Sir Robert
Teel, Dr. Livingstone, and Sir James Oswald, the first
M.P. for Glasgow. In Queen-street, in front of the
Royal Exchange, which has a Corinthian pillared portico
and a tall clock • tower, is a fine bronze equestrian
especially in the sngar-of-Iead making process, the manufac¬
ture of dry chloride of lime (bleaching-powder), and the
Mackintosh invention for producing waterproof cloths. The
St. Rollox Chemical Works of Messrs. Tennant. Knox, and Co.
are the largest in the world ; they annually transform about
80,000 tons of raw mnterial into soda, bleaching-powder,
and sulphuric acid. Their *• monster chimney ” rises ft. in
height, and is one of the sights of the city. Another
important industry is the manufacture of glass, glass
really available for the working of machinery. Ten years
later, Boulton and Watt, having patented the invention, Bet up
their great factory of steam-engines at Birmingham. It was
not till 1788, in the experiments of Mr. Patrick Miller, with
his assistants, James Taylor and William Symington, in a new
method of propelling boats, that the steam-engine was applied
to that purpose. Symington, who persevered, was afterwards,
in lso 2 . employed by Lord Dundas in further experiments on
the Forth and Clyde Canal. He invented the crank con-
T1IE SCULPTURE GALLERY.
TRANSVERSE AVENUE, LOOKING FROM THE SANDYFORD-STREET ENTRANCE.
port in the United Kingdom, and which belong also to
the history of the Clyde. James Watt, born at Greenock in
1736, apprenticed to an instrument-maker at Glasgow, work¬
ing at that trade and keeping his shop in the S<market,
studying mathematics and mechanics, had a little model of
Newcomen's steam-engine, the property of the University, put
into his hands for repair. In 1764 he solved the problem of
condensing the steam without loss of power; instead of
alternately heating and cooling the cylinder, at each stroke of
the piston, he devised an apparatus which made steam-power
stituc of the Duke of Wellington. There is an equest¬
rian statue of King William III. in the Trongate ; while
the Nelson Column on Glasgow - green, the column and
statne erected in the Necropolis to the memory of John
Knox—more honoured here than at Edinburgh—and the
statue of Dr. Norman Maclcod, near the Barony Church, show
the disposition of Glasgow to iierpetuate, by such monuments,
the fame of great and good men.
Among the public buildings worthy of notice arc the
Royal Infirmary, near the Cathedral ; and. the finest of all
modern edifices in Glasgow, that of the University, on Gil-
mour Hill, on the west bank of the Kelvin. The University
and College buildings have been erected, w’ithin the past
twenty years, at an exj)en.se of above £.’> 00 * 000 , ami are
unequalled in stateliness. They are in the Early Pointed or
Gothic style, with a mixture of the style of baronial domestic
architecture borrowed by Scotland from France. They form
an imposing rectangular pile, 532 ft. in length and 205 ft. in
breadth. The main front faces to the south, and from the
centre rises n lofty tower 150 ft. high, terminating in a spire
rising about 100 ft. from the top of the tower, in which are a
clock and bells to strike the hours and quarters. The principal
entrance, with a deeply moulded
Gothic arch, is in the centre of
the tower: and two smaller en¬
trances of similar design, placed
midway between the central and
corner towers, lead to the eastern
and western quadrangles. The
building was designed by fc>ir
George Gilbert Scott.
The Glasgow public parks and
recreation grounds are favoured
by their situation ; that of Kelvin
Grove, or the West End Park,
close to the present Exhibition,
is very pretty, and is laid out as
a pleasure - garden ; the old
mansion-house is now a Natural
History Museum. Queen's Park,
on the south side of the city, is
on high ground, commanding
very fine views in all directions;
there is also Alexandra Park to
the north-east. The Botanic
Gardens are the resort of persons
of taste and fashion: while
Glasgow-green, tip the river, is
still a popular play-ground.
Glasgow chiefly owes its pro¬
sperity to the enormous engineer¬
ing and shipbuilding concerns in
ami around the city : and these
are supplied by the immense de¬
posits of iron ami coal adjacent
to. and even underlying the man¬
ufacturing establishments. Ship¬
building and marine engineering
on the Clyde employ about 50,000
men ; while iron and steel
making, iron-founding, boiler-
making. locomotive engine-build¬
ing. and general engineering,
give occupation to as many thou¬
sand more. The steel now ex¬
tensively used for shipbuilding is made partly from Spanish
°k S -i ? the process, and partly from native ores by
the 1 homas-Gilchrisi process, in about a dozen large steel*
works m the neighbourhood. The application of steam-power
to co tton-spinning, and the operations of bleaching and calico-
printing, contributed greatly to advance the wealth of
Glasgow; silk and woollen goods, including carpets, are also
made to a considerable extent. Altogether the textile factories
give 'mployment to one-eighth of the population of the city.
Au/keiuic&l manufactures have been extensively carried on,
nection between the beam lifted by the piston-roil and t' o
paddle-wheel, giving a rotatory action to the latter. This is
the origin of the practical use of the steam-engine for loco¬
motion, both on water and on land. In Mil, Henry Jlcll, of
Torphiohen, who owned a bathing establishment at Helens! urgli
frequented by Glasgow citizens, resolved to build a steam-boat
to carry them to and fro. The ** fly-boats.” using sails or oars,
or towed by horses, required ten or twelve hours to rcc.ch
Greenock, a distance of twenty-seven miles. Mr. Bell tngagid
John Wood, of Port Glasgow, to build for him the Comet,
a boat 42 ft. long, lift, broad, and 5 ft. 6 in. deep; which
had two pairs of paddle-wheels—that is to say, two |addles
close together on each side of the boat, necessarily impeding
their action on the water. This arrangement was disapproved
by Roberta.u, the Glasgow engineer, who constructed the
steam - engines for the Comet: but Mr. Bell Lad li:s cwn
notions. The Comet, nevertheless, was able to steam to
Greenock in three or four hours, and at a cost so much
reduced that the first-class passenger fare was only five
shillings. She was followed, in IS 13, by the Elizabeth, a lout
also built by John Wood, with engines made by James Cook,
of Glasgow, and by five or six other vessels of increasing
power.one of which, the Industry,
built in is 14, is still in existence,
and her first engines are in the
Glasgow Museum. It was several
years before anybody ventured
to navigate the open part of tho
Firth of Forth with a steamer ;
and the Rob Roy, built in 1818
by William Denny at Dumbarton,
with a thirty-horse power engine
made by David Napier, was tho
first to cross the sea to Belfast.
Wood and Napier then took up
the construction of sea-going
steamers, plying to Liverpool,
Holyhead, and Dublin; in 1820,
the Clyde possessed nine such
vessels, and in 1828 there were
twenty-five. Mr. Robert Napier
was associated thus early with
the firm of Messrs. G. and J.
Burns in steam-navigation. In
1838, the 8team - boat* Sirius
and Great Western crossed the
Atlantic, and tho Cnnnrd Com¬
pany started in 1840, with four
wooden paddle-boats, each of
about ll(X) tons harden. David
Elder and his son, the late Mr.
John Elder, were builders of
some of the finest Cunard liners ;
and the firms established by the
Napiers and the Elders have
always maintained their high
reputation.
Such were the early efforts of
Clyde steam - navigation ; and
many Glasgow people will re¬
member the Trusty and the In¬
dustry, two old tubs which
paddled up and down with goods
to Greenock up to a few years
ago. They were good specimens
of the type of vessel which first was conceived. They
were scarcely as large as the penny boats on the Thames,
with round, bluff bows, and with the small paddle-boxes
placed well forward. The Fingal. of which we give an Illus¬
tration from a sketch as the old hulk lay in Greenock in 1857,
was built in 1811), and she was a great advance upon the model
of the Trusty and the Industry, in her lines and in her size ;
still she represents very rude ideas of what the type of a
steam-boat might be. The Precursor, which was built in tho
Clyde over half & century ago, shows the advance that hod
bottles, pottery and earthenware, commenced in 1730,
and now carried on extensively in various parts of tho
city. These glass-blowing establishments contrast greatly
with the old “ Bottle-house Lmn "—a reminiscence of the
boyhood of our Artist, Mr. William Simpson, who is a native
of Glasgow. A“lura”is Scotch for a “chimney.” lie has
also supplied us with a sketch of James Watt's house, which
was taken down, about 1847, to make a new street, now called
*• James Watt-street.” from Argylc-street to the Broomielaw.
It was here that Watt is said to have resided at the time when
he made the improvements in the steam engine. Mr. Simp¬
son's sketch of the riverside at Govan, with the mouth of the
Kelvin, as it was in 1842, is another graphic testimony of local
changes in his lifetime. At this very spot, the great newly-
built steel or iron ships are 1 frequently launched from the
Govan yards ; the river widens so, at the junction of the
Kelvin with it, as to allow ample space for the launching.
We have deferred, so far, an account of the docks, tho
shipping, and the ship-building and marine-engine making,
which belong, with the improvement of the river navigation,
above described, to the great achievements of science and skill
that have gained for Glasgow the rank of third commercial
226
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG.
1888
THE GLASGOW INHIBITION' : CARPET-WEAVING.
the ancient stronghold of Alclnith, with its Castle, famed
in the wars of Bruce and Wallace, and in the Scottish
civil wars, is seen lifting its stern head 400 ft. high,
guardiug the gate of Western Scotland. On the southern
shore, at Port Glasgow, is the old baronial fortress of Newark
Castle, in a ruinous state, yet still bearing, inscribed over its
door, the monogram of Sir Patrick Maxwell and his pious
motto, *• The Blessingis of God be Herein, Anno 1.197.” The
view to the north, presently, is up the Gareloch, with Rose-
neath and Helensburgh at its entrance, and to the hills of
Dumbartonshire and the Argyllshire mountains. Greenock,
which is a minor Glasgow, sitting amid grander waters, is
then reached for a brief halt on the voyage. After rounding
the next piece of the south shore, to Gourock, a favourite
yachting-station, with the pleasant neighbouring hamlet of
Ashton, a charming view is enjoyed, in fine weather, up the
Holy Loch to the grand Hill of Kilmun, and to the sublime
summits of Ben More and Ben Beg, over Loch Eck ; or, a
little to the cast of these, up Loch Long, to Ren Arthur and
the other mountains around the head of Loch Goil. Anyone
avho has chanced to sec them very early on a summer morning,
with their shapes and hues of colour just softened by a delicate
veil of the thinnest aerial mist, that lets them appear on the
horizon as it melts in the sun’s rays, will remember it as one
of the loveliest visions of earth.
Dunoon, which may be considered a seaside place, looking
down the last reach of the Firth of Clyde, is known to many
English as well as Scottish visitors. Five or six miles below,
opposite to Rotbsay in the fair Jsle of Bute, is Wemyss
Bay, where the Ayrshire coast begins ; and this also is a
very pleasant place. Passing through the Kyles or Straits of
Bute, or descending by the main channel, past the Cumbrnc
Isles, and rounding Garroch Head, to enter Loch Fyne, for
the Crinan Canal or for Inverary. it is a voyage of continual
dqlight. The Lord Provost of Glasgow, a much more douce
and amiable dignitary than the Doge of Venice, and presiding
over a city which is better entitled than Venice ever was to
be styled the Qr.ccn of the Sea, might have one of these
Clyde steam-boats for his Bucen-
taur, and yearly come out to drop
a golden wedding-ring in the
sea, as the Doges used to do, but
somewhere in sight of Goatfell
or of Ailsa Crag. We conclude,
in the spirit of patriotism, with
the earnest prayer of an insular
Scottish pastor : “ Lord save the
Great and Little Cumbraes, and
the adjacent islands of Great
Britain and Ireland ! M
THE GLASGOW
EXHIBITION.
The International Exhibition at
Glasgow, opened by the Prince
anil Princess of Wales on May 8,
is the largest that has been held
iu (he Uuifced Kingdom siucc the
London International Exhibition
of 18(12. The buildings and
grounds occupy Bixty-six acres,
in the Kelvin-grove Park, the
main entrance, facing north-east,
being nearly opposite the Glasgow
University buildings, which arc
on Gilmore-hill, on the other side
of the stream. From that direc¬
tion, the grounds are reached by
a broad esplanade from a gateway
in Bank-street, Billhead; bat the
Exhibition Palace can be entered
immediately either on its cast
side, in Gray - street, or from
S indyford-street, in the centre of
its south side. The building is
1300 ft. long and 2(15 ft. wide,
comprising a nave and transepts,
with an iron dome, 170 ft. high
and 80 ft. in diameter, and with
ten towers, which arc 200 ft. high,
and are partly of brick : the
remainder of the building is
chiefly wooden. It is in the Sara¬
cenic or Moorish style of archi¬
tecture, with arches of horsc-shcc
form, polygonal domes or cupolas,
minarets anil pinnacles, anil
appropriate decoration, painted
internally with a rich cream-colour, relieved by deep red
and rich dark brown, except the dome, which is painted
red, blue, yellow, and green, and its framework apparently
gilt. The main avenue, from east to west, is more than a
quarter of a mile long. fiO ft. wide, and 43 ft. high: the
transepts, from the grand entrance to the south entrance,
are 215 ft., and of the same width as the nave. The dome,
rising from four substantial towers, is well proportioned.
Its converging arches are adorned with the armorial bearings of
Great Britain, France, Germany, the United States, Canada, Aus¬
tralia, South Africa, and India, and on circular panels below are
four allegorical figures, Science, Art, Industry, and Agriculture.
Scripture texts, speaking of the manifold works of God, and
acknowledging that the manifold works of man are the gift of
God, are inscribed over the four great arches under the dome.
In the centre is a fountain, with a circular promenade around
it; a chandelier with eight electric lamps gives it light in the
evening. At the east end of the main avenue is the grand hall,
2lX) ft. long, 96 ft. wide, and GO ft. high, with tide galleries, an
orchestra, and a fine organ, built by Messrs. J. W. Walker and
Sons, of London. The decoration is in red and yellow, with
festoons of red and blue cloth, fringed, heraldic shields and
trophies, and canvas panels, filled with coloured ornamentation
of Moorish patterns. To the south of the grand hall is the
Fine Arts Section ; the Picture Gallery and the Sculpture
Gallery occupying a substantial brick-walled part of the
building, made fireproof, and which maybe permanent. At
the west end of the main avenue, beyond the principal build¬
ing, and north of the line of its front, is the Machiuery
Annexe, 330 ft. long and 28G ft. wide. The buildings altogether
cover a space of 474,000 square feet, of which 2 G 8,000 ft. are
devoted to general exhibits of the various classes (manufactur¬
ing and commercial and articles of produce), 27,500 ft. to tbc
Fine Arts, lG,000ft. to the grand hall, 23,000 ft. to dining
and refreshment rooms, and 140,000 ft to machinery, boiler-
sheds, and the like. Messrs. Campbell, Douglas, anil Sellars,
architects, of Glasgow', and Mr. .James Barr, C.E., furnished
the design for these buildings ; Messrs. W. Shaw anil Sons, of
Glasgow, were the contractors. The arrangement and con¬
struction are highly approved. The grounds ontside, sloping
to the banks of the Kelvin, which are grassy and adorned with
trees, and merging in the Kelvin-grove Park, contain many
objects of interest. One of the roost attractive is the Fairy
then been made. Ocean steam navigation bail then begun ;
this ship was built for the Peninsular and Oriental Company,
being their first vessel, and. as the name implies, she was the
*• Precursor ” of their now magnificent fleet of steam-ships.
She was a wonder at the time as she lay at the llroomielaw
getting in her engines, and crowds of people went to look at
her. Our Artist. Mr. Simpson, remembers seeing her there when
a boy ; and in 1SGS, when on bis way to Abyssinia, to take part
in the campaign there, he found her lying ns an old hulk at
Suez, where she was used as a store for the various articles
required l»y the P. and 0. steamers on w'hat was known
os the " other side ”—a term in vogue, before the Suez Canal
was made, for the lines of traffic on the Indian Ocean. He
then made a Sketch of her, which is here given, and he
reports that she has since disappeared. The screw propeller
was unknown when the Precursor was built. She was a link
in the series of progressive improvements which have been
made to the construction of the magnificent ocean-going
steam-ships of the present day. The first iron steam-vessel
plying on the Clyde was the Fairy Queen, built at Glasgow in
1831; the first iron screw-steamer from Glasgow was the Fire
Queen, in 1845, two years later than the Great Britain, which
was constructed at Bristol.
There are. on the Clyde, including Dumbarton and Greenock
as well as Glasgow, perhaps thirty-five or forty separate ship¬
building yards, mostly for the construction of steel and iron
ships. In the single year 1883, which was one of exceptional
activity, they built ships to the enormous aggregate size of
419, GOO tons burden, which fell to 29G,800 tons in 1884. The
steel ships alone built in 1887 amounted to 148, GOO tonnage.
Many of the largest works have engine factories in connection
with the ship-building. The total number of workpeople
employed, altogether, in building ships and making engines
for them, and in the preparation of iron and steel for them,
has been variously estimated from 120,000 to 150,000. They
construct ironclad war-ships, for the British and foreign navies,
mail-packet and passenger ships, the finest in the world, swift
cruisers and gnu-boats, cargo-carrying merchant - steamers,
crack yachts and sailing clippers,
coasters, powerful tags and
dredgers, vessels of great variety
owned by many ports and nations.
All this vast industry has grown
up from Henry Bells simple
Comet in the present century.
The Lancefield Works, still
carried on, with undiminished
energy, under the name of Messrs.
R. Napier and Sons, but of which
Mr. Alexander Kirk, an eminent
marine engineer, is now the head,
while Mr. James Hamilton, also a
managing partner, directs the
ship-building, claim particular
notice. In giving precedence to
this establishment, it may be
observed that the Elders, Ran¬
dolph, Pearce, Thomson, Brock,
and other marine architects
and engineers on the Clyde,
wore trained in the service of
Robert Napier. The works of
the Napiers have been going on
about fifty years, and have pro¬
duced nearly five hundred ships.
The Lancefield yard, employing
2500 men when in full operation,
can build, engine, and fit out six
of the largest ships at once. The
ship - building department is
situate on the south side of the
Clyde, just beyond the entrance
to the Graving Dock, the engine-
works being on the north side,
nearly opposite. The offices at
the shipyard arc of a substantial
character, including the design¬
ing-office. where a number of
yonng-lady tracers are employed.
The principal building where the
general sbipwork in iron is carried
out is replete with machinery and
appliances necessary for work of
the heaviest or the lightest de¬
scription. These include plate-
rollers, plate-planers, punching
and sheering presses for plates
and angle irons, vertical drills,
and other appliances, including
furnaces, bending blocks, and scricvc boards. The saw-mill
and joiners'-shop arc in one range of buildings, the one on the
ground floor, the other above. Both are fitted with a large
number of wood-working tools of the best British and
American make. The smithy has five steam-hammers, besides
a large number of fires and the usual appliances. Adjoining
this is the machine-shop, with lathes and other machine-tools
for finishing the smiths’ work. _ Beyond are the iron stores and
the angle-iron smiths’ shop, where there are a number of fires
and a steam-hammer. A noteworthy tool here is a large hot-
iron saw, used for catting beam-ends and angles for frames iu
t ic special work required for ironclad construction. We need
not describe the engineering works. Throughout the various
sections, forge, smithy, turning-shop, erecting-shop, pattern-
shop, and boiler-building works, are many powerful and
ingenious machine-tools, some of the firm’s own design. The
erecting-shop recently built is a fine lofty section of the works,
and contains several powerful travelling-cranes.
The resources of Messrs. Napier and Sons' establishment
have been particularly applied to the production of naval ships.
When the Government, in April, 1885, invited private builders
t> tender for the five belted cruisers of the Australia and
Galatea class. Messrs. Napier got the order to construct two of
the five—the two named. The engines for these vessels were at
first to be of the ordinary compound type of 7500-horse power,
but Messrs. Napier proposed to fit triple expansion engines,
undertaking to devedop 8500-horse power, without taking up
any more space in the vt ssel, or increasing the collective weight
of machinery and coal. The result was most successful. The
remarkable advance, of late years, in the speed of steam-ships,
together with great economy of fuel and of space formerly
required for coal on long voyages, is due to the principle of
admitting the steam, at a very high initial pressure, success¬
ively into two or three or even four cylinders : its expansive
force naturally diminishing, but this being compensated by
an increasing diameter of the second and third cylinders, and
of the pistons in them. Since 1874, when Mr. A.C. Kirk, then of
t he firm of Messrs. John Elder and Co., introduced this principle,
it has gained such favour as to be likely to supersede the former
compound engine, which came into use twenty years before.
A speed of twenty knots an hour, equivalent to over twenty-
four miles an hour on land, is now attained by some of our
swift cruisers.
The Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company
(Limited), of which Sir William Pearce, Bart., is head
director, carries on the great business long known as that of
Randolph, Elder, and Co., and John Elder and Co., more
especially renowned for ocean steam-ships carrying mails and
passengers with speed unsurpassed by such vessels. The works
are much larger than those of Messrs. Napier and Sons, employ¬
ing in busy times 7000 men : the wages paid in one year have
amounted to £375,000. Fairfield is at Govan, on the south
bank of the river, where seventy acres of land are occupied by
these works. Mr. John Elder, who was born in 1821, son of
Mr. David Elder, the manager of Mr. Robert Napier’s works,
and was educated at the Glasgow High School and Glasgow
College, was a great scientific and practical improver of
marine engines. His invention, in 1854, of the compound
high and low pressure was of great value in the economy of
coal, and perhaps secured the commercial victory of steam¬
ships in the competition with sailing-ships. As.atueof this
eminent shipbuilder and engineer, who died in 1809, has
been erected at Govan, where his widow has given a public
park.
In mentioning the Clyde shipyards, besides those at
Glasgow, it is just to notice that of Messrs. William Denny
Brothers, nt Dumbarton, with Mr. Walter Brock, managing
partner, whose works have greatly contributed to the mercantile
fleets of the companies that carry traffic to tbc East Indies and
to the British Colonies. Their name is almost a household
word in New Zealand ; and one or two, of the Shaw, Savill.and
Albion line of steam-ships, built by them, have distinguished
themselves greatly in voyages from that distant colony. The
British India Steam Navigation Company, the Peninsular and
Oriental, the Allan Line to Canada, and others, have
been largely indebted to these Dumbarton builders. At
Greenock, between the Albert Harbour and the West
Harbour is the important establishment of Messrs. Caird
and Co., which stands in the first rank for work of the same
class as that of Messrs. Denny. The Clydebank yard of Messrs.
J. and G. Thomson, at Glasgow, has achieved notable successes;
and, with its eight building slips, vast iron-working sheds and
smitheries, engineering, and boiler-making, brass-casting
and finishing, and other departments, can give work to four
thousand hands. Messrs. D. and W. Henderson, of Partick,
have turned out very fine vessels. A professorship of the
science of shipbuilding has been founded in the University of
Glasgow.
The port of Glasgow, in 1887, owned 1487 ships on its
register, with an aggregate tonnage of 1,141,037 tons, showing
7G7 tons as the average capacity of its ships. It holds, in
this respect, the third place in the United Kingdom and in the
world. The list includes those of the Canard Company, the
Allan Company, and the Anchor Line, Atlantic steam-ships,
others running to the Mediterranean, to the East Indies, and
to South America, and to many ports of Great Britain and
Ireland, and the Continent of Europe. The quays at
Glasgow, of which the Brooraielaw is the ancient part,
extend two miles and a half along the river; besides
which there are two tidal docks on the north shore, the
Queen's Dock, with its three basins, 20 ft. deep at low
water, being the largest in Scotland ; and two large public
graving-docks, in addition to which there is Messrs. Henderson’s
graving-dock : and other docks are being constructed on the
south shore at Govan. There is already dock accommodation
for a million tons of shipping. At Greenock there are the
Victoria Harbour, the Albert Harbour, and the immense James
Watt Dock, which is 2000 ft. long, 300 ft. wide, and has an
entrance 75 ft. wide, with a depth of 32 ft. at low water ; the
Garvel Graving Dock is one of the finest in existence. At
Dumbarton there is a commodious dry dock belonging to
Messrs. M’Millan, shipbuilders.
Leaving Glasgow, the city of immense commerce and in¬
dustry. with a population of 731,117, including the suburbs and
suburban burghs —passing down the Clyde in one of the
beautiful steam-boats running to the lochs, coasts, and isles of
the West Highlands, which start from the Broomielaw every
morning—the shores of the river, widening into the Firth,
soon become attractive and interesting. To the left is the old
town of Renfrew, beyond which rises a cloud of smoke from
the Paisley factories. Below Renfrew is Blythswood House,
where the Queen is the guest of Sir Archibald Campbell,
Bart.. M.P.. the President of the Glasgow Exhibition. A few
miles lower down, to the right, the Rock cf Dumbarton,
AUG. 25, 1888
THE 1LLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
Fountain, constructed by Messrs. W. and J. Galloway, of Man¬
chester. Its basin is 120 ft. in diameter ; its machinery throws
tho jets of water 150 ft. high ; and these, in the evening display,
arc splendidly illuminated and coloured, internally, by a
system of electric lights, in a circular chamber beneath the
centre of the fountain, with glass slides of different colours.
The Doulton Fountain, of artistic terra-cotta work. 60 ft. in
diameter, is of beautiful design, in the Renaissance style, with
a statue of the Queen, wearing her crown and holding the orb
THK GLASGOW EXHIBITION: CIGARETTE MAKING.
and sceptre, four decorative figures pouring water from vases,
and groups representing India and the Colonies, and the Army
and Navy. Messrs. Doulton, of Lambeth, have munificently
presented this noble work to the city of Glasgow. The build¬
ing in imitation of the ancient Bishops Castle of Glasgow,
which we have described on a former occasion, contains
several interesting collections of historical and antiquarian
relics; some relating to the early Christian Church in Scot¬
land. some to King Robert Bruce, some to the Stuarts and to
Queen Mary, some to Knox and the Reformation, or to the
Covenanters, and to the Jacobites, besides memorials of Robert
Burns and Sir Walter Scott. The Queen s Jubilee gifts, lent
by her Majesty to the Exhibition, are placed on view in the
Kclvin-grovc Park Museum.
Tho different classes of articles in the Industrial Exhi¬
bition have already been enumerated, and follow much the
same order as that with which everybody is now familiar:
for example, agriculture, mining, and quarries, engineering,
shipping, machinery, carriages, cutlery, chemistry, food and
liquors, textile fabrics, paper and printing, furniture, pottery
and glass, jewellery, clocks and watches, fisheries, education,
anil musical instruments, each subject with others allied to it.
Wc give a few Illustrations of enrpet-wenving. pen and pencil
making, cigarette-making, and the apparatus for distilling
rum. sent by a firm at Dundee ; also, from among the mis¬
cellaneous curiosities, two relics of the French War.
The great Glasgow industry of shipbuilding is well repre¬
sent d in the Exhibition, and may be selected here for more
particular description, after the account of its history in our
article on “Glasgow and the Clyde, Past and Present/* Nearly
all the Clyde shipbuilders of note, and some of those on the
Tyne, with the principal manufacturers of iron and steel
for this purpose, and of marine steam-engines, have con¬
tributed to the Exhibition. Many of the models arc beautifully
THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION: COPPER RUM STILL,
KXHIHITED BY ROllEKTSON AND OKCIIEK, DUNDEE.
executed; one that is much admired is that of the new
Inman and International liner, the City of New York, recently
launched by Messrs. J. and G. Thomson. Another is the model
of a proposed new Guion liner shown by the Fairfield Com¬
pany, and expected by them to perform the Atlantic passage
in five days. The models of the Government cruisers, despatch
and torpedo boats, recently built by Messrs. R. Napier and Sons
and J. and G. Thomson, attract much attention. Messrs.
Denny and Brothers are represented by a large num¬
ber of models of their vessels, aud by that of a ship’s
dining-saloon with music-room above, which haR been pre- committees, which include in their membership many of the
pared with the view of showing the artistic and structural skill noblest ladies in the land, have been attended with great
of their establishment at Dumbarton. Messrs. Palmer and success. Local exhibitions were held throughout the country
Co., of Newcastle, are represented by a stand on which arc to stimulate the work in the districts, and at these the best
displayed models of H.M.S. Orlando and Undaunted, twin- and most representative articles were chosen for final exlii-
screw belted cruisers, and H.M.S. Surprise and Alacrity, bition. Some came from India, some from Canada, some from
despatch-vessels, recently built by this company ;also, models of Norway, and from other countries of Europe, showing the
their newest passenger-steamers, and a working-model of triple- ornamental work executed by women. From Germany there
compound engines as fitted in the steam-ship Flamborough. are illustrations of the mode of teaching needlework in
Messrs. Swan and Hunter, of Newcastle, and Joseph L. Thomp- thirteen different schools. There is a silk embroidery loom from
son and Sons, of Sunderland, arc also represented by interesting Ayrshire in operation, a tweed loom from Harris also worked
collections of their vessels. Apart from models of the ordinary by women, and some of the Shetlanders attend to produce
type of mail and passenger steam-ships, there are examples of their fine knitting within the Exhibition. The School Hoards
the more specialised work for which the Clyde is also famed, have collected the best specimens of work done by girls in the
Messrs. Fleming and Ferguson, of Paisley, and Simons and Co. Board schools and in higher-class schools: and the Girls'
and Lobnitz and Co., of Renfrew, show models of the powerful Friendly Society and similar institutions have shown what
dredgers and hopper-barges, which are an essential agent in can be done under their supervision.
the maintenance of such water highways as the Clyde. The Further notice of the Exhibition, and of the proceedings at
last-named firm exhibit the model of the marine-dredger, Glasgow, must be deferred until next week. In preparing our
Dcrocheuse, fitted with the firm’s patent rock - breaking Illustrations, we have derived some assistance from the photo¬
apparatus. recently built for the Suez Canal Company. Many graphs lent us by Messrs. Annan, photographic artists,
of the shipowning companies exhibit models of their vessels ; Her Majesty the Qnecn, travelling from Osborne on the
while Messrs. Henderson Brothers, of the Anchor line, display night of Tuesday, Ang. 21. arrived next morning at Blytlis-
picturesof several of their fleet of steam-ships, of which the wood House, Renfrew, the seat of Sir Archibald Campbell, for
most prominent is the City of Rome. The Canard Company a visit of three days, leaving that place for Balmoral on the
show a beautiful model of the steam-ships Umbria and Friday evening. The Queen, on going to see the Exhibition,
Etruria, noted for their fust passages*across the Atlantic. The was received in the city of Glasgow with a splendid festive
Allan line exhibit a full-sized example of the intermediate demonstration of loyalty, the particular features of which will
passenger accommodation on board their steamers. At the stand be shown next week in our Illustrations. The Lord Provost,
of Messrs. J. and G. Thomson there is also shown a specimen Sir James King, and the Municipality of Glasgow, did the
state-room as fitted on board the new Inman liner. honours of their city to the satisfaction of her Majesty, and
Ship's compares and other nautical instruments are shown with the hearty co-operation of all classes of the people,
by D. McGregor and Co., F. Sewell, A. Dobie and Son, and ■ —
Whyte and Co. Ship’s rigging and other blocks, and steering- o 7 ? \ \ f O 1? Y S
wheels, are displayed by the well - known blockmakers, 4 ~ . * * . %
W. Alexander and Co., Govan. In the west corridor, Copeman Yesterday, as I came from my dip in the sea. I had to scramnio
and Co., London, show their well-known seat-rafts and life- barefooted over a ledge of rock to the safe haven wherein l
buoys ; the latter are also displayed by Steed man and McAlister, had deposited the suits and wrappings of the outer man. J fie
and by John Wilson, Glasgow. Anchors, boat-davits, lamps, surface of the rock, which appeared so smooth viewed from a
clocks, telegraphs, and many other articles of a ship's outfit, distance, was, in reality, a veritable place of torture, for it was
are here exhibited. Marine engineering is exemplified in the studded with small sharp shells, contact with which rendered
section occupied by machinery in motion. It contains, for my scramble somewhat of a penitential pilgrimage in ns
instance, Messrs. Ross and Duncan’s set of fnll-sized triple nature. The candid friend who heard my plaint was imme-
expansion engines, working under steam, and fitted with diately prepared with a hundred questions regarding not only
Bremme’s patent valve-gear for
reversing and for varying the
expansion : Duncan's patent pro¬
peller is attached to the shaft
of the engine. Messrs. Wigham,
Richardson, and Co., of New¬
castle, exhibit a working model
of their triple expansion engines,
as fitted in the Alplionso XII.,
of the fleet of the Compania
Transatlantica, Spain. In the
Main Avenue, Denny and Co.,
of Dumbarton, have a model
illustrating Brock's patent quad¬
ruple expansion engines. At
the Palmer Ship-building and
Iron Company’s stand, already
noticed, there is a working model
of triple expansion engines, to a
scale of 3 in. j»or foot. Hawthorn,
Leslie, and Co., of Newcastle,
show, in motion, an exquisitely-
finished working model of triple
expansion engines for the Royal
Italian twin-screw armour-clad,
Sardegna, now being constructed
by the Societa Hawthorn-Guppy,
Naples, from the design of the
exhibitors. The model, which
is to a scale of 1£ in. to the foot,
is the work of J. G. Allison.
Sunderland, and excites general
admiration.
The steel plates, forgings, ana
castings are of great interest to
the marine engineer. The Steel
Company of Scotland are repre¬
sented by one of the “ trophy ”
stands, constructed of examples
of the various manufactures in
steel. David Colville and Sons, THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION: OLD DUTCH COCOA ROUSE.
of Motherwell, make an imposing
display of their steel manufactures, and the Hadfiehl Steel
Foundry Company, of Sheffield, show a multifarious collection
of heavy steel castings for nse in almost all departments of
engineering. Messrs. Charles Cammcll aud Co., of Sheffield,
contribute an important part of this section. Forged steel crank
shafts, cast steel propeller blades, an assortment of ordnance
forgings for guns, from i» in. up to 13*5 in. breech-loading
rifled, compound steel-faced armour plates, and armour
bolts, arc a few of their exhibits, which embrace all
kinds of manufacture, from thick armour plates down
t<» the steel plates of which pens are made. Messrs.
John Brown and Co., of Sheffield (21»6), show Purves’
patent ribbed boiier-flues. marine-shafting, boiler-cml plates,
and compound armour : John Sjiencer and Co., of Newcastle,
samples of steel castings and forgings; Lindsay Burnet and
Co., Govan, s|>ocinien hydraulic and machine flanged-steel
boiler-plates.
Machines for drilling, riveting, and tapping plates, when
set in their place on the sides of ships or boilers, worked by
electro-magnetic power, the invention of Mr. F. J. Rowan, C.E.,
Glasgow, will be noticed. The collection of machines and tools
for working iron and steel, flattening, shearing, sawing,
punching, drilling, slotting, milling, screw-cutting, and turn¬
ing in a lathe, is really wonderful. The various contrivances
of patent steering-gear for ships, winches and windlasses,
pumps, and other appliances for nautical use, afford an in¬
teresting study. All these inventions and manufactures have
a special bearing on the means by which Glasgow and the
Clyde maintain their position in carrying on a vast maritime
traffic.
The Women’s Industry Section occupies three courts on the
north side of the Grand Hall. The articles are classed under
six headings Needlework and knitting : lace ; mechanical
work, such as straw and basket-work, filigree-work, glove¬
making. flower-making, spinning, feather-dressing, book¬
binding. <kc.; decorativc-work and furnishings, carving in'
wood. *kc.; painting, drawing, and engraving on fabrics,
china, glass, cards, ike., designs for art embroidery, ike., and
tracings of ships’ drawings ; ladies’ and children's hygienic
clothing. The work of securing the exhibits was undertaken
by three committees of ladies, having the Countess of Rosebery
as convener for England and Wales, with Princess Christian
as assistant; the Duchess of Abercorn. convener for Ireland ;
and Lady Campbell, of Blythswood, convener, and Lady
King and Lady Tluvison. sub-conveners, for Scotland. India,
the Colonies, and foreigu natious. Tho labours of these
the nature of these shells, which encrust the rocks < v. ry where,
but concerning the “ use ” or uselessness of such minute and
feeble folk in the world at all. There is much difficulty
experienced at times in replying to commonplace questions.
What the shells are is a matter easily enough disposed of;
what use they may subserve, ill the world at large, is a point
not so easily determined. After all, is this question of “use"
really one which need concern ns greatly in onr studies of
life ! I trow not; for it surely indicates by no means a lofty
conception of things if we are perpetually to s|H\ik and think
of living beings as we should talk of the items in a store.
Each organism, like the smith in “The Fair Maid of Perth.”
“ fights for its own hand ” in the struggle for existence. If
in the course of its fight it aids or opposes the interests of
other living things, it will receive benefit or incur failure in a
meed corresponding to its own ways and means, ’lhis is
really the true philosophy of natural history study. To “ con¬
sider the lilies” as if they were mere contrivances for human
ends and “ uses ” is a tolerably small-minded fashion of regard¬
ing the children of life. To know something of their histories,
structure, and relationships, and thereby to learn how life jogs
along its primrose way (or the reverse), is in itself an education
worth much seeking after and much painstaking care.
A truce to philosophy, however. On a piece of stone close
by I discern a colony of these incrusting shells. Into the pool
I "drop the stone and its tenants. Watch what happens. The
upper end of each little shell uncloses, as does a trap-door,
and forth issues a set of “ feelers,” which remind you of delicate
feathery plumes. Now. backwards and forwards in the water
wave these plumes, expanding to the full in their outward move¬
ment, and then gracefully folding inwards, as a preliminary to
their next and succeeding sweep. These pinnies, moreover, yon
would find, on microscopic examination, to be abundantly pro¬
vided with hairs, converting them into veritable brushes, which,
like the proverbial broom of Mrs. Partington, are really
employed in sweeping the waters. You can guess the use of
these plumes, though you may not so readily arrive at a first
conception of their nature. They are the commissariat
officials of the sea-acorn’s economy—for under this name you
mnst know the shells which encrust the rocks, stones, and
oysters everywhere. By aid of its “ feelers" the sea-acorn
sweeps into its mouth the food-particles on which it lives. A
most effective brush must these plumes constitute, seeing that
they number some twenty-four in all, each of the original
twelve being double in nature. It is more than probable that
these organs, forming what has been named the “glass
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Auo. 25, 1888 — 220
THE GLASGOW
liana” of the sea-acorn, also serve for breathing purposes,
although inside the shell we certainly light upon structures
believed to represent gills. Still, from their incessant
waving in the clear water, and from the obvious opportunity
thus afforded of bringing the blood of our acorn in contact
with the vivifying oxygen of the sea, wo may assume with
safety that tho plumes of the “ glass-hand ” play a part, at
loast, in renewing the vital fluid of the miniature frame.
I tap lightly on tho stone which contains our colony of
sea-acorns, and in a moment you observe each set of plumes is
withdrawn, while the trap-doors of the shell aro closed with
something which reminds you of a defiant snap. This ob¬
servation. then, proves to us that the acorn possesses means for
maintaining relations with tho outer world—or, in plain
language, that it includes a nervous system among its personal
belongings. And if you could dissect the body completely,
you would find comprised within the shell a perfect digestive
system for the assimilation of food. "We cannot presume to
g^iuge perfection of organs by the standard of size in the world
of life, and the sea-acorn race illustrates this contention in an
apt fashion. Nor can you argue that simplicity of structure
always means lowness of origin, for the history of how your
Bea-acorn came to be what it is proves the necessity for our
looking backward as well as forward in the matter of living
histories.
Sea-acorns are in reality poor relations of the barnacles
which you have seen coating the sides of ships in the graving-
dock. The barnacle possesses a stalk, while the acorns want
that appendage ; and therein lies the principal difference
betwixt the races. But both acorn and barnacle in turn
show relationships to other and widely different animals.
That crab which yon see perambulating in the pool in
his own lop-sided fashion is an aristocrat of the barnacle
class. So also is the lobster, and the shrimp, and the other
shelled animals with legs. How do I know this? you
inquire. Listen, and yon shall be more than satisfied with
the correctness of my statement. The sea-acorn in due season
develops eggs, and these are liberated from the parent-shell
and sent forth into the world of waters to start life on their
own account. Each egg develops at first into a widely dif¬
ferent animal from the acorn itself. In the days of its infancy
the sea-acorn appears as a minute oval body, possessing a
EXHIBITION, VISITED
The front pair of feelers have increased in size ; but the two
original pairs of legs have been cast off, and are replaced by six
pairs of short, jointed feet. The tail also develops swimming
appendages ; and two eyes succeed the Cyclopean and earlier
state of things. In this condition, the young acorn
IN THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION.
exactly resembles certain of the adult water-fleas; and it is
also to be noted that in the course of their own development
the crab and lobster tribes exhibit stages which parallel the
condition of the acorn just described. Then the days of its
youth come to an end. The feelers grow large and strong; and
THE QUEEN.
terror ” began slowly to withdraw its head from the relaxing
grasp of the right. For some seconds the trembling woodman
appeared deaf to entreaty, and could not be persuaded to apply
a noose of liana to the snake's neck. The largest serpents
become paralysed when properly noosed, and are readily
dragged along the ground helpless as a log. Just as the
snakes head seemed about to ooze through the numbed fingers,
the half-breed screwed up his courage sufficiently to apply tho
liana, as directed, with the result that the brute at once
relaxed its coils, and was dragged down to a neighbouring
stream, hung up and skinned. It measured eight feet five
inches, and was about as thick in the largest part of the body
as the calf of a man’s leg.
The fangs, which were carefully extracted, measured 1J in.
in length, and were hollow to within a short distance of the
point where, on the inner side, lay the orifice through which
the poison was ejected by the action of the base of the fan on
the small bag in which it was secreted. On squeezing the bag.
a. small quantity of poison—a yellowish fluid—passed down
the hollow' in the tooth, and gathered into a tiny drop of
concentrated death.
The stomach contained two wood-rats, about the size of
guinea-pigs, one partially digested, the other recently swallowed.
According to the animal report of the Central Council of
the. Children’s Country Holidays Fund, 14,048 young ones,
gathered from the more crowded districts of London, were sent
to cottage homes in the country last year, at a cost of £9178,
towards which the parents contributed £2819. The offices of
the fund are at 10, Buckingbam-street, Strand.
The Corporation of the City of London in the early part of
the year instructed the committee managing the City of
London School to inqnire into the system of teaching modern
languages, and what increased facilities could be adopted for
their acquirement at the City of London School. The com¬
mittee has adopted as its own the report of the Head Master,
the Rev. Dr. Abbott. It is now recommended that the
study of Latin in the middle school should be suppressed
in two out of the three forms, and additional instruction
be given in French, English history, and geography.
Latin would be taught in the senior class in the middle
B Y
VIEW IN THE EXHIBITION GROUNDS. BLYTHSWOOD HOUSE, RENFREW, VISITED BY THE QUEEN.
single eye. A shell covers its back ; a tail appears ; and from
the front of the body there grows a pair of feelers, while
from its sides project two pairs of legs. Internally
a digestive system soon appears; and, thus provided,
the young acorn swims merrily through the sea. Then
TENCIL-MAKING : THE GROOVING MACHINE.
comes tho moulting-stage. Increase of growth is im¬
possible to a shelled animal unless the old shell be
changed for a new one. Hence the reason for the moults
which the infant animal exhibits. By-and-by, a further
stage is reached when the young acorn attains a still
inor» perfect &V11 composed of two distinct halves or pieces.
a cement is poured out from them which fixes the hitherto
free-swimming body to rock or shell. The eyes disappear, and
the double shell vanishes away, to become replaced by the conical
limy structure you see before you on the stone. Last of all,
the legs are changed into the plumes or glass-hand of the
adult acorn, which, to use the words of a great naturalist, is
thus only a kind of degenerate crab, fixed head downwards as
we have seen in its shell, and kicking food with its legs into
its mouth. Thus you see that to know an animal in reality
you must understand its becoming as well as its being. The
sea-acorn’s history, in this sense, is a lesson which holds good
and true of all other living things. Andrew "Wilson.
A FIGHT WITH A RATTLESNAKE.
A writer in the Statesman of India, signing himself “ R. M.,”
who was once bead of the Crown Lands Department in the
colony of Trinidad, says :—In company with a half-breed,
who combined the vocations of woodman and hunter, I
stumbled suddenly on a large specimen of the (-retains mu tux
slowly winding its way among the leafy debris of the forest.
For some time it was difficult to discern the scaly folds
of the snake through the brown mass of decaying foliage;
but, having reached a clear spot, the reptile coiled round a
low stump and prepared for action. About a yard of the
body next the head was contracted into numerous Bharp
curves not unlike a corkscrew, while the yellow eyes gleamed
with a baleful light. There wac little fascination about these
orbs, and no mistaking the malignant intentions of their
owner. A stick brought within reach of that mortal coil was
struck almost with the rapidity of lightning, no matter how
swiftly withdrawn. This was effected by the instantaneous
straightening of the short curves into which this portion of
the body had been contracted. Even the wily mongoose
would have needed all his marvellous agility to avoid the
deadly stroke if once within range. The reach was about a
yard, and the assault was delivered horizontally some six
inches from the ground, directly towards the assailant.
The hunter, who had hitherto kept at a respectful distance,
as he alleged the snake could spring, was eventually persuaded
to approach sufficiently near to strike it with a ten-foot pole.
At the first blow the heavy coils relaxed from the stump, and
the creature appeared dead or stunned. The writer at once
grasped the neck about two inches from the head, and raised
the reptile partly from the ground to examine it. As though
galvanised into life by the touch, thecrotalus seemed at once to
recover its energies, and swif tly made a couple of tarns round the
thigh and right arm of its would - be captor. The constricting
power exercised was such that the hand grasping the neck
soon began to lose power, and the writer realised the awkward
predicament into which his temerity had led him, Little
could be done with the free left hand while the ‘scaly
school. The result of these alterations would be to increase
the study of French. A recommendation is also made (bat.
German should be made a regular and compulsory study (and
not extra as at present) for the upper part of the sixth form
who had attained a sufficient degree of efficiency in French
PENCIL-MAKING : THE ROUNDING MACHINE.
With a view to further developments in the study of German
it is suggested that in future elections of masters, ability to
teach that language should form an important consideration.
With regard to Spanish and Italian, it is proposed to form
classes for the study of languages out of school-hours if
sufficieLt applications be made.
230
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUG. 25, 1888
THE LA PIES' COLUMN.
Now is the time when the voice of the American is heard in
the laud. If it were not for these welcome visitors from over
the sea the West-End shopkeepers might almost as well shut
up during August and September. But the presence of vaBfc
nil ui Lois of American ladies, who are beginning to find out that
shopping in London is much cheaper and pleasanter than it is
in Paris, and quite as good, prevents this season of the year
from being entirely stagnant, and even coaxes out into the
shop windows a few foretokens of the autumn fashions. The
gowns which are now being prepared for the autumn season are
nearly all made with the fronts of the skirts almost undraped,
but embroidered deeply round the bottom. The most fashionable
form of embroidery is an "appliqu^" of some contrasting
colour fixed on with fancy stitching in fine gold or silver
thread. Tan colour upon blue, a very pale bluish-grey upon
brown, and fawn upon green are amongst the contrasts chosen.
The material both of the pattern and of the ground is a firm
Amazon cloth, and the edges of the pattern are outlined iu
chain-stitch of gold or silver thread. The designs are
those modified Greek ones which are characteristic of the
French Empire fashions ; a somewhat set and formal and large
pattern being invariably employed. The backs of the autumn
skirts will be almost plain, scarcely any loop being seen in the
drapery, though it is arranged with considerable fullness
over two small steels set close together at the top, qnite
rtipersuding pads or “ improvers.*' Polonaises in the
Direofcoire fashion will be very much worn over the em¬
broidered skirts as just described, with trimming to match for
vest and rovers.
I am asked by a correspondent when and where Lord
Tennyson compared Jane Austen to Shakspeare? My authority
is to be found in the correspondence of Sir Henry Taylor,
where this opinion is given as having been expressed by Lord
Tennyson in conversation. Macaulay’s judgment that Jane
Austen comes near to Shakspeare is better known.
•• .Shakspeare," said he, “ has neither equal nor second ; but
among the writers who have approached the great master we
have no hesitation iu placing Jane Austen, a woman of whom
England may jnstly be proud." But, indeed, such an
appreciation of the writings of this one of the greatest of
English novelists has been expressed by very many of those
most competent to judge ; and Mr. Cheney was not so far out
when he said that his test of intellectual capacity was to
discover whether an individual did or did not admire the
works of Jane Austen. Archbishop Whately coincides with
Tennyson and Macanlay in comparing her to Shakspeare.
Harriet Martinean mentions having read 4 ‘ Persuasion” eleven
times (the same tale which Whcwell hod read “oftener than
he could say”); and Miss Martinean declares the novels gene¬
rally to be ’* unequalled in truth, charm, and interest."
Southey held Jane Austen’s works to be 44 more true to Xatare,
and to have passages of finer feeling than any others of the
age." Lord Holland never wearied of them, and invariably
had one or the other read aloud to him to distract his mind
when tortured by gout: and Walter Scott records in his diary
his reading 14 for the third time, at least, Miss Austen’s finely-
written novel 4 Pride and Prejudice.* "
Is it not almost shocking to reflect that those works were
written secretly—surreptitiously—shamefacedly—and that
their composition was concealed by the author and her family
as much and ns long ns possible? When Jane Austen was
writing those immortal books it was considered necessary that
she should keep a largo piece of needlework upon her table, in
order that she might therewith conceal her manuscript if
anybody came to pay a morning call. As Mrs. Cockbnrn,
writing some years earlier than Jane Austens time, truly
observed : —
If nome ml venturous genius rare arise.
Who ot» exalted themes her talent tries.
She leans to give her work, though praised, her nntue.
Ami shrinks not more from Infamy Hum fame J
It iB impossible to gucsi how much that women might
have done has been lost to the world in the past from that
state of feeling ; and the wonder is that under 6uch conditions
not so few, but so many, women, have already won themselves
a place among the immortals.
I am asked furthermore, by the same enterprising corre¬
spondent, to mention some names of the li ving writers that men
4 * write up " and women do not admire. My not?s on that subject
will be found in my posthumous memoirs ! As Charlotte Bronte
makes Shirley say : “ If I spoke all I think on this point, if I
gave ray real opinion of some first-rate female characters iu
some first-rate novels, where should I be ? Dead, under a cairn
of avenging stones, in half an hour !"
In Manchester, a week or two ago, the Coroner, holding an
inquest upon a young infant, took occasion to make some very
strong remarks about the improper treatment to which the
children of the poor arc often subjected. He declared that
working-class mothers are frequently more deficient in instinct
as to the treatment of their offspring than the lower animals ;
heavy meals of food suitable for adults being sometimes found
in the stomachs of children, who bad been ns surely killed by
such ill-treatment of their tender digestive organs as though
they had been poisoned. Doubtless thero is mnch ignorance
THE BISHOP’S CASTLE, GLASGOW, AS IT APPEARED ABOUT A HUNDRED YEAR8 AGO.
about the proper food for infants. But it is only too
certain that in a large number of cases it is not absolute
want of knowledge that is responsible for the improper
feeding and other preventibie causes of the deaths of the
children of the p >or. Knowledge avails little where evtry
fresh mouth taking from a scanty store is unwelcome. The
insurance of the livesof very young children is unquestionably
partly responsible for the excessive mortality amongst them ;
but even where there is no deliberate design, no admitted and
distinct desire, to get rid of the child for some personal advan¬
tage to the parents, there is yet only too often a careless
indifference, which comes to mnch the same thing in the end.
At the same time ignorance has mnch to answer for. Many a
poor mother tends her children as carefully, and grieves as much
if they untimely die, as any rich mothers do ; and it is an admir¬
able effort of philanthropy to offer to poor women simple and
cosily comprehended instruction in the simple principles of
infant feeding and hygiene. Baroness Rothschild at Mentmore,
Mrs. Pennington at Stockport, Mr. Henry Lee. M.P., at Bolton,
and many others, have from time to time arranged for lectures
being given upon such subjects to working-women ; while in
Birmingham there exists a *• Ladies’ Useful Work Society,**
with the express object of giving a number of courses of health
lectures, either in cottages or in school-rooms, in all parts of
the town, winter after winter. The ladies who lecture are
doctors’ wives or others, who have themselves obtained the
necessary instruction from books which are easily procurable.
Some of these ladies can speak to a hand ml or more women at
once; others only feel capable of gathering ten or a dozen
around them in a room, and bolding a sort of informal con¬
versation. Altogether, many hundreds of working-women
have been thus addressed upon these subjects in Birmingham,
each winter, for some years past; and so marked has been the
result that the Health Committee of the Corporation, in a
recent report, specially paid a tribute to the value of the
lectures in checking both infant mortality and the spread of
infectious diseases. Florence Fbnwick-Mille^.
AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS.
From the Agricultural Department of the Privy Council there
has been issued an official paper calling attention to the
progress of the valuable schools of agriculture which have
been established in nearly every province of Italy. These
schools, of which nineteen are designated “practical" and
six “ special," are subsidised by the Government, which, as
a rule, pays abont three-fifths of the costs of maintaining
them, the remainder being found by the provinces and
communes in which they are located. In the practical schools
the programme comprises the elements of the Italian languages,
history, geography, arithmetic, geometry, land - measuring,
drawing, accounts,’natural science, and all the industries con¬
nected with agriculture. Not less than fifteen and not more
than eighteen hoars a week are to be devoted to this kind of
instruction. Practical farm-teaching is conveyed by making
the pupils carry on the work of the farms adjoined to the
schools, upon which they must be employed from five to eight
hours daily when the weather permits. For the special
schools, the coarse of instruction is the same as in the case of
the practical schools, but the technical teaching is confined to
the special object of each school. In four of these vine-culture
and wine-production are the specialties. In one fruit-growing
and horticulture are practised. In the other dairying and
zootechny form the subjects of the three years’ course of study
and technical training. Much general improvement to the
agriculture of the country round about is attributed to the
example and influence of these schools.
THE DUKE OF CONNAUGHT’S BUNGALOW AT POONA.
Indian Engineering contained an illustration of the new
residence of the Duke of Connaught at Poona, and gives a
description of it. It is a large, pleasant-looking building,
situated abont midway between the G.I.P. railway station and
the Poona Hotel. The top floor will be flagged with dressed
Shj^habad stone, and the pillars along the verandah are of
soft stone with simple but tastefully-carved foliage capitals.
Thereisnlsoa large porch in front, supported on tall white pillars.
This, like the ground-floor, has a verandah running round it.
The verandah leads out on to a small terrace surmounting
the porch. A staircase leads on to a terrace which is about
45 ft. from the ground, from which a splendid view of the
cantonment and suburbs can be obtained. On the west. Gnnesh
Khind and Paruttee Hill can be seen ; in the north, a fine view
of Kirkee, with the Deccan College in the foreground, is ob¬
tained, with Yerrowdn Jail and the Bond Hill in the distance
towards the right. On the east is seen the Council Hall, with
Ghorpooree station a little to the left. On the east the whole
cantonment is overlooked, St. Mary’s Church standing out
prominently against the hills which extend away to the
horizon, and which, though bare and bleak-looking now. will
present a beautiful sight when clothed with verdure daring
the monsoons and cold season. It ib estimated that the total
cost of the building will be 80,000 rupees.
It has been decided by the board of management of the
London Homoeopathic Hospital and Medical School, Great
Ormoud-street. to open a new convalescent home at East¬
bourne. Already ft large amount has been subscribed, includ¬
ing the following donations:—Mrs. Clifton Brown, £10XI:
Sir James Alexander, £500; Mr. George Sturge, £500; and
Lord Grimtborpe, 100 gs.
It is now ascertained that the last street collection for the
Hospital Saturday Fund was the largest in the history of this
Fnnd, amounting to £5000, being £500 more than the similar
collection in 1887. By the workshop collection, the proceeds
of which are due, it is hoped to realise £10.000 ; 30,000 collect¬
ing-sheets and a large number of collecting-boxes have been
supplied to multifarious business establishments in the .Metro¬
polis, and special sheets have been issned to the various postal
departments, the Royal Arsenal, and to schools, ^ r t or ^ ra . el J B
clubs, friendly societies, and . estrics and district boards official^
AUG. 23, 1888
Till] ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
231
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Oct. 12, 1876), with a codicil (dated Oct. 20.
1881), of Mr. Evelyn Baaalg-ette, Q.C., late of Lincoln's Inn, and
No. 64. Devonshire-place, who died on July 21. has just been
proved by Sir Joseph William Baralgette. C.B.. the nephew, and
Edward Bazalgette, two of the executors, the value of tho
personal estate amounting to upwards of 4-153,000. Tbo
testator bequeaths considerable legacies to relatives : and there
are also bequests to servants. As to the residue of his real and
personal estate he leaves one moiety, upon trnst, for his
nephew, Lewis John- Francis Twysden : and the ultimate
residue to his said nephew, Sir Joseph William Bazalgette.
The will (dated July 16, 1879). with three codicils (dated
July 17, 1879; Sept. 29, 1884 ; and Feb. 15, 1888), of Mr.
George Grafter, late of No. 81, Blackfriars-road, and of Wood-
stowe. Dulwich, solicitor, who died on March 14 last, was
proved on Aug. 9 by Mr. William Grafton Perry, Charles
Lloyd Roberts, and Mrs. Annabella Roberts, the niece, the
executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to over
£94,000. The testator gives many and considerable legacies to
relatives, friends, clerks, servants, and others ; and the residue
of his estate he leaves to his nephews and nieces, William
Grafter Perry. Annabella Roberts, Jane Grafter. Marion Crafter,
and William Crafter.
Letters of Administration of the personal estate of Mr.
Joseph Bond, late of No. 5, Regent's Park-road, who died on
Feb. 7, 1886, at Xo.21, Chesham-terrace, Kemp Town, Brighton,
intestate, a widower without issue, were granted on Aug. 11
to the Solicitor for the Affairs of her Majesty's Treasury and
his successors in that office, for the use of her Mnjesty, tho
value of the personal estate amounting to over £69,000. In the
event of no one being able to make out a good claim to the
estate of the deceased under some will not yet discovered, the
personal estate, although nominally administered for the use
of her Majesty, does not go to the Queen, but will eventually
go into the Consolidated Fund.
The will (dated Sept._ 17, 1872), with nine codicils, of Mrs.
Sara Ausstcn, late of No. 6, Montagne-place, Bedford-square,
who died on June 28 last, was proved on Aug. 15 by Arthur
Raymond Harding and Lieut.-General Frederic Peter Layard,
the surviving executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to over £60,000. The testatrix bequeaths £100 to
the Solicitors' Benevolent Association ; £50 each to the Con¬
sumption Hospital, Brompton, the North London Hospital,
and the Magdalen Hospital; and very numerous legacies,
pecuniary and specific, to relatives, executors, servants, and
others. As to the residue of her property, including the
property under the will of her late husband, over which she
has a power of appointment, she leaves one fourth to her
nephew, the Right Hon. Sir Austen Henry Layard ; two fourths,
upon trust, for her nephews Frederic Peter Layard and Edgar
Leopold Layard, their wives, and children ; and one fourth,
upon certain trusts, for the widow and children of her late
brother, John Rickett, and her sister, Louisa Rebecca Linton,
and her three children.
'The will (dated April 4, 1881) of Mr. John Raymond
Raymond-Barker, J.P., D.L., late of Fairfold Park, Gloucester,
who died on May 21 last, was proved on Aug. 15 by SirLumley
Graham, Bart., and Sir John Edmund Commerell, Iv.C.B., V.C.,
the nephew, the executors, the value of the personal estate
exceeding £51,000. The testator leaves all his freehold and
leasehold property in London, Westminster, and the county of
Middlesex, upon trust, for his daughters, Augusta and Lenora,
for life, and at their deaths to the son of his son Percy, who
shall be heir-presumptive to the Fairfold estate; £ Ohio, his
household furniture and effects, and the interest of certain
securities, to his wife, Lady Katherine Barker, and other
legacies. The residue of bis personal estate he leaves to his
said wife.
The will (dated July 5, 1880) of Sir Charles Edward Keith
Kortright, formerly her Britannic Majesty's Consol at Phila¬
delphia, late of No. 2. Grosvenor-crcsceut, who died on May 19
last, was proved on Aug. 8 by Dame Martha Ellen Kortright,
the widow and sole executrix, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £49,Olid. The testator devises and
bequeaths all his property of whatsoever nature and wherever
found, real, personal, and mixed, to his wife, absolutely.
The will (executed Feb. 9, 1869) of Mr. Patrick Gammie.
late of No. 14, Stanhope-gardens, formerly Inspector-General
of Army Hospitals, who died on May 20. issr. was proved on
Ang. 10 by Mrs. Mary Maclean Gammie, the widow and acting
executrix, tbe value of the personal estate amounting to over
£29,000. The testator bequeaths £2000 to Charles Addison :
and £9000, upon trust, for bis wife, for life ; then, as to £.5000
thereof for the said Charles Addison: as to £ loon thereof for
Mrs. Harriet Forbes Simpson : ns to £ looiifor the Minister and
Elders of tile Established Chnrch of Forgue, Aberdeenshire,
upon trust, to distribute the income periodically among the
poor of the said parish as to them shall seem most deserving;
£Iooo for tho Principal and Professors of King's College.
Aberdeen, to found a Bursary for modern languages, to lie
called the "‘Gammie Bursary and as to the remaining Clnno
thereof for the Army Medical Officers' Benevolent Society. The
residue of his property he gives to his wife, absolutely.
The will (dated Aug. :i. 1887) of Mr. William Eden
Nesfield, late of No. 45, Buckingham-road, Brighton, who died
on March 25 last, was proved on Aug. 4 by Mrs. Mary Annetta
Nesfield, the widow and sole executrix, the value of the per¬
sonal estate exceeding £13,9(10. The testator gives, devises,
and bequeaths all his real and personal estate to bis wife, for
her own use and benefit absolutely.
The will (dated Nov, 9, 1885). with a codicil (dated July 22,
1887), of Sir Richard Green-Price, Bart., late of Norton Vicarage,
in the county of Radnor, who died on Aug. 1 1, 1887 . at Fitzroy-
siunre. was proved on Aug. 13 by Dame Laura Green-Price,
the widow, George William Whitmore Green-Price, the son,
and Powlett Charles Milbank, the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to over £ 11,000. With the exception
of a legacy to an old servant, and a complimentary legacy to
his agent, the testator gives all his real and personal estate to
ms wife.
The will (dated No*. 18.1885) of Sir Edward Henry Gervns
• -tracey, Bart., late of Rackhcnth Hall, Norfolk, who died on
June f* last, at Bournemouth, was proved on Aug 1 . 18 by Dame
Mary Gertrude Stracey, the widow, and Major George Heavi¬
side, the executors, the value of the personal estate amounting
to oyer £10,000. The testator bequeaths all his personal estate
to his wife; and he devises all his real estate in the parishes
m Rackheath, Salhouse, Sprowston, Wroxham, Crostwick,
Hoveton St. John, and other parishes and places adjoining,
upon trust, to pay £1000 per annum to his wife, for life,
subject thereto he devises the said real estate to the use of
ms son, Edward Paulett Stracey, for life, with remainder to
. and every other son, successively, according to seniority
m toil male.
Mr. W. R. Kemp, Chief Officer in the Court Orders Depart¬
ment of the Queen’s Bench Division, has retired from that
position after a long term of service. Consequent upon this
r^ignation several alterations will, it is understood, be
ejected in the Central Office of the Royal Courts of Justice.
ami .-Iwll Im
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
it for thi* ilrimrtmeut should be lutdreaeni to the Cheat Editor.
New York', l’rnlileiu received with tluuik*. It la very pretty,
i»licd eli-irtly.
i diellary, South India).-Wo are totally unable to unripritiand yotir
uuimiun.iind otniioi. ilieivlou'. **)■ whether you have copied the din^rraiii rightly
or not; but,a* pnldi*lml, It cannot r«k«-Q. hccNU*«<it i* pinned by a W llat K U*|.
J K WWTos.-Therr )•* iiotlim*,' Mairn-d by inverting the usual conditions of a
problem ; I>c*i«lc4 which your solution proceeds by a series of chccks-a method
iiiaumi««thl<* in modern problems.
.AMYritkAi.is* (Trieste).—A problem tourney figures in Ibe programme of the
... onjjtmni of which were to I
Bradford (V_,__ ,
meeting. Wo will gi
fClnphnm).—W
J Dai
elsewhere. You
l* them full publicity ai
•t pnl
roblemi
t op|*
iously appeared
in tho City of London Chret ifiipnzi
iobkrct SOLUTIONS or ruoni.K* Ko. 5311 received from A Wbeclorand T Mann
(New \ ork): of ><». 2312 from Columbus. A Wheeler, D McCoy, and No* Uedna ;
of No. 2313 from K Crane, Columbus, W 8 (ShcfMeld), A Wheeler, E E H, and
Bernard Key Holds.
ConnntT Solutions or Puohi.km No. a»n received fr*»m Mr-. Kelly (f.lfiont,
L VemuBi-*. Dawn. E IMnllip-..I Dixon, A Newman. Bernard Keyiiold*.Columbus,
J 1> Tucker (Leeds), F. Von Komariki, W R Raillem, It F N it mks, Howard A.
Serirc.iut JamesSa«re. W M (Sheffield'.E Casella iPan*'. Jupiter Junior, W llillier,
K Lacey. K Crane, Thomas Chown, T Itol*:rts, A Wheeler. Ah uiforth, LuMir.-4.Vil.
Lornlne. Rtt nrter* (Canterbury).T. Addi-nn (York), Major Prichard. Percy
Kwen. W Wright. T II (Ware). S |* Oliver, J llir-to Haywood. B T (Woolwich).
I ererhou-e, H K |t(Shooter'«-bilD, Hereward,Edmund Shaw (Sheffield'. 1) McCoy,
J Hep worth Shaw, J A Schmucke, C E P, K Loudeu, It H Brook*, nml
T Mar*hall.
XoTK.-Pnoni.gg No. 33I.V—The W Kt at K 3rd should he a B P. Solvers will plca>e
make this correct ion.
Solution ok Problem No. 2312.
WHITE. BLACK.
1. Kt to Kt 7th Any move
2. Mates accordingly.
PROBLEM No. 2315.
By Signor Aspa.
BLACK.
WHITE.
White to play, and mate in throe moves.
m: t Mr. B.)
lo K It 4th
lo K 3rd
to K It 3rd
lo () -lih
n Q R till
to U 3rd
«Q Kt 4th
• > Kt 2nd
•> K 2nd
THE BRADFORD CHESS CONGRESS,
e In the International Masters' Tournament Ik
M r. Bum and Captain Mackenzie.
(Irrttfular 0 )*niwj.)
ink’*
12. Kt to it 2nd
P to K Kt 3rd
B to Kt 2nd
Kt to K B 3rd
o Kt 3rd
o y k 3rd
:o B 4th
to K 5th .
» K 3rd
white (Mr. B.)
BLACK (CaptM.)
P to Kl 5th
y to R 5th
K t to B m|
\ Tin* Kt will
17. I* to K Kt 3rd
I would Ini e been
j and practically cm
rod 17.
18. P takes Kt
19. Kt to Kt 2nd
20. U to B 2nd
21. B to Q 3rd
i d. 22. y takes B
*«- 23. y K to K B w
I. I* t
B 51
1,1 25. R to y 2nd
I and Wli
Kt takes Kt P
y takes P (eh)
B to K 5th
P to 115th
B takes B
P to ILGth
Kt to Kt 3rd
Kt to It 5th
P takes Kt.
The follov
known
July, ii
\ and the late Ifcrr F.v
. (|R
T K.
7. P lakes I*
8 . y Kt lo B 3rd
5). P to Q 4th
10 . B to Q 2nd
11. B takes R
12. B takes Kt
13. Castles
14. litoKR 2nd
to K It 41 h
V to K Ith
P to Q 4th
P to K 5th
Kt to K n 3rd
It toy it 4th
Ptk> I* (ell p'iss
11 to K Kt 5th
, .. .Delta). bi.w
15. K to K It »(| Kit-
play fug *7 to B?B3nf nod K
to. y to y 2nd y r i
y U 3rd '
»Q*I
the «•
USD
Wenk.yti
cramped ixmiiun. u («• R nh is lu-ttc
19. K H takes B It takes R
20. y takes U Q takes y (cli
21. It takes y Kt takes 1*
22. It to y 2nd Kt to B 3rd
, [ 23. it takes It (eh) Kt takes It
this
a draw.
i the
MEETING OK THE BRITISH CHESS ASSOCIATION AT BRADFORD.
The British Chess Association brought Us meeting at Bradford to a con¬
clusion during tho past week, after one of the most successful gatherings
I: lias yet held -a success largely due to the happy thought which incor-
jMii.ited the aniutal eouipetltlon of the Yorkshire Counties' Club in the pro¬
gramme. The services of a strong local executive were thus secured, of
whose energy and ability It would be dlfnrult to speak too highly, and to
whose credit must bo place ! much of the smoothness and rapidity with
which the different contests were got through. The Masters’ Tournament
produced some line piny, but nothing approaching that of the London
Congress of lt-83. Neither do we think, with all respect to Mr. Guusberg,
that Ills success hn« the merit of Ztikcrtori's then. The winner,
nevertheless, did all that could be reasonably expected of him,
and by the addition of this crowning triumph to the many rlc-
tnrks of the last few yean*, proves himself ns probably the best
tourney player living. *i lie older musters well maintain their reputa¬
tion, with, perhaps, the exception of Blnckhnrnc, whose earlier play was
of very variable quality, and Incurred for him two or three unex-
I ice ted defeats. To our knowledge, however, he attended the Congress in
tlcflanco of medical prohibition, nml. under the circumstances, made as good
a light as could be looked for. Amongst tho .younger players Looock
showed to greatest advantage, and nlthough I ah* and Pollock do not figure
pfbmiucntly In the order of scoring, some of their victories were over most
formidable antagonists. In connection with the proceedings a banquet was
hold at the Alexandra Hotel on Thursday, Aag. 16, at which Mr. Newnes,
M.P., presided. _
Mr. R. Mills, of the Treasury, has l>ccn appointed Assistant
Comptroller and Auditor-General.
MUSIC.
THE BIRMINGHAM MUSICAL FESTIVAL.
This important celebration will recur on Aug. 28 and three
following days. The origin of these triennial festivals—tbo
greatest of all our provincial performances of their class—has
so often been given in detail that slighter reference thereto
may now Rufficc. The first occasion was in 1768, when ti e
arrangements were on a comparatively limited scale. ‘Jhesesccn
began to expand, until the performances assumed a grandeur, and
the money results an amount, hitherto unexampled in any
provincial, or indeed metropolitan, celebration of the kind,
excepting the triennial Handel Festivals at the Crystal Palace.
The Birmingham Festivals, like those of the Three Choirs
(Hereford. Worcester, and Gloucester), have from their origin
been given with the primary object of benevolence—in the
former instance in aid of the Birmingham General Hospital ;
in the case of the Three Choirs festivals, for the benefit of the
widows and orphans of the poorer clergy of the dioceses. Of
the vast amount of good effected by the Birmingham Festivals
in the shape of medical and surgical help, some notion may he
formed from the fact that since the foundation of these
celebrations a grand total profit pf nearly £120,000 has been
thus realised and applied ; in addition to which the grand
organ in the Townhall and an extensive musical library
belonging to the hospital, have been paid for out of the
festival receipts.
In a musical sense, too, these festivals stand pre-eminent :
many great compositions have been commissioned for, and
first produced at, them. The list would be too long to repro¬
duce here; it will be sufficient to refer to the fact that
ftlendelssohn’s immortal oratorio, “ Elijah,” was brought out
and conducted by the composer (in August, 1846). Other
great works by Mendelssohn, including his “St. Paul” and
“Lobgesang” (“Hymn of Praise”), were first given with
adequate resources at Birmingham, where grand compositions
from the same source would have been produced hut for
the untimely death of the great composer in 1X47. The most
recent works of importance produced at Birmingham were
Gounod’s oratorios ‘ The Redemption” (1882) and “Morset
Vita” (1885). Most of tho greatest singers of past and
present times have been heard at Birmingham Festivals, and
the orchestra and chorus have been on a scale of grandeur and
efficiency that left nothing to be wished for: altogether
rendering the performances — given in one of the finest
buildings of the kind existing, whether as to its commodious
arrangements or its acoustical properties—such as are worthy
of the important industrial town in which they ore held.
From 1S4!I to 1882 the festivals were conducted by the late
Sir Michael Costa, who was succeeded, at the celebration of
1885, by Dr. Hans Richter, by whom tbe appronching per¬
formances will be conducted. The band and chorus nre on the
usual extensive and efficient scale ; the principal solo vocalists
engaged being Madame Albani, Misses Anna Williams and
Ambler, Mesdames Patey and Trebelli. Mr. E. Lloyd, Mr.
Piercy, Mr. Banks. Mr. Santley, Signor Foli. and Mr. Brereton.
In accordance with the laudable custom of the past, the
forthcoming festival will open (on Aug. 28) with “ Elijah”;
the association of which with Birmingham renders it an
indispensable feature at each celebration. The morning of
Aug. 2!) will be appropriate!! to Dr. Parry's new oratorio,
‘•Judith; or. The Regeneration of Manasseh ”;. another
festival novelty, Dr. Bridge's cantata “ Callirhoe.” being
appointed for the evening of Aug. Hu. Dvorak’s “ Stnbat
Mater,” Sir Arthur Sullivan's dramatic cantata “Tbe Golden
Legend.” Handel’s “Messiah,” Bach’s “Magnificat.” Handel's
“ Saul.” and other interesting works will be included in the
performances.
Important new compositions by Anton Dvorak and Dr.
Mackenzie had been commissioned, but circumstances have
prevented their completion.
The London orchestral rehearsals took place at St. George's
Hall on Aug. 20 and following days ; and the full rehearsals
of band, chorus, and solo vocalists will be held in the Birm¬
ingham Townhall. where all the performances are given,
beginning, as already slid, on Ang. 28.
The Promenade Concerts at Covent-Garden Theatre arc
pursuing a successful career. Since the opening of Mr. Free¬
man Thomas's seventh series (on Aug. 11). already recorded,
the programmes have been agreeably diversified in their vocal
and instrumental selections. The first of the classical nights
was of s|»ecial interest, having included, besides other im¬
portant features, two fine solo performances—that of Madame
Frickenh&us in Schumann’s pianoforte concerto in A minor,
ami that of Mr. J. T. Cnrrodus in the first movement of
Beethoven’s violin concerto ; each artist having elicited de¬
served tributes of applause. Effective vocal performances
were contributed by Madame Vallcria, in Handel’s “Angels,
iv r blight and fair”; Mr. O. Harley, in the tenor romance
from Weber’s “ Euryanthc” ; and Signor Foli, in Gonnod’s air
- She alone charmeth my sadness.” The fine orchestra was
beard in the overture to Wagner's “ Flying Dutchman,”
Reinecke’s prelude to “ King Manfred,” Schubert’s great sym¬
phony in C, and other pieces of a lighter kind. At recent
concerts, Mr. Sims Reeves, the young lady known os "Nikita,”
and other eminent vocalists have appeared. The “ Rose Queen”
waltz, composed by Mr. Gwyllym Crowe, the conductor, includ¬
ing the co-operation of Mr. Stedman’s well-trained juvenile
choristers, continues to prove attractive.
At the Co-operative Festival at the Crystal Palace, on
Aug. lx. a new ode was prodneed ; the words by Mr. Lewis
Morris, the music by Mr. J. F. Barnett. It is an unpretentious
composition, containing some pleasing melodic passages well
suited for a large choir (there were Haid to be nearly 40U0 voices).
Another attractive concert, including the co-operation of
several eminent vocalists, was given at the Alexandra Palace
oil Aug. 18.
At the Alexandra Palace ou Aug. 17 the festival in aid of
the Metropolitan and City Police Orphanage was held, and
was attended by several thousands of persons.
Mr. Thomas Milne Colmore, of The Warren, Knowle, and
the Midland Circuit, who has acted from time to time as
Deputy-Stipendiary, has been appointed to the office of
Stipendiary Magistrate for Birmingham, rendered vacant by
the resignation of Mr. T. C. S. Kynnersley.
A Proclamation appears in the Gazette directing that on
and after Oct. 1 the rate at which freight shall be paid for
the conveyance on board any of her Majesty’s ships or vessels
of treasure belonging to parties other than the Crown,
whether gold, silver, jewels, or other articles, which may bv
special order be received ou board any of them, shall be 1 per
cent. Tbe whole amount of the said freight, when received, is
to be divided into four parts, and distributed ns follows
One-fourth to the flag-officer if any, or flag officers if more
than one, on the station or in the squadron to which the ship
receiving treasure on board may belong ; two-fourths to the
captain or officer commanding such ship or vessel, who shall
give his receipt or sign the bill of lading for the treasure ; and
one-fourth to Greenwich Hospital, for the use of that
institution.
AUG. 25, TSSfl
232
TITE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
ABOUT GARDENS.
To We a small house and a large garden was the wish of the
poet Cowley, and certainly of all natural pleasures the posses¬
sion of a garden is the most soothing and permanent, the
finest scenery is not for all moods; it is sometimes too
stimulating, and excites desires and aspirations which in a
world like this can rarely be satisfied : but a garden gives the
sense of rest. The fretful anxieties of the world have no
place in it: and if large enough to be beautiful and yet not too
large to be well cared for, it gladdens both eye and heart.
The poet from whom I have jnst quoted says that God gave
man a garden as his first gift “even before a wife, and he
does not forget to add, by way of contrast, that the first city
was built by Cain. Lord Bacon, who plans out a princely
garden, suggests so many devices that the feeling of repose is
lost; and this is the case, perhaps, in the famous gardens of
Chat’sworth. Great men, I suppose, must have big playthings ;
and even when the plaything is comparatively moderate m
size—as, for instance, the Leasowes of Shenstone—artificial
objects such as urns, grottoes, and statuary, and inscriptions upon
tablets, injure, to my thinking, the sense of grateful rest which
is a garden’s greatest charm. Apart from these excrescences,
Shenstone showed a line taste for landscape-gardening, and it is
pitiful that a spot once so famous should have been greatly in¬
jured of late vears. A taste for this fine art has always
prevailed in England, which boasts the fairest gardens in the
,V °Grny writing in 1763, save this art is the only honour our
nation has in matters of taste, and that it is not forty years
old. For once, Gray is wrong. Landscape-gardening never has
been our only honour in matters of taste, and it was in vogue
in this country long before the eighteenth century, the
Countess of Bedford, who died in 1627, was praised by Sir
William Temple for projecting the most perfect figure of a
garden that he ever saw. Probably it was formal in style,
since Temple admired it; but landscape gardening was none
the less an art because it took that shape. John Evelyn, who
flourished some years later, showed a genuine love of garden¬
ing ; and Aubrey, writing at the same period of the Deepdene,
says, with a pretty exaggeration, ‘ It is an epitome of Paradise,
and the Garden of Eden seems well imitated here." Milton
understood the true beauty of garden scenery when he under¬
took to describe the home of our first parents ; and if the
reader turns to that wonderful picture, he will see how the
sense of order pervades his fine description of natural beauty.
A garden should be to a great extent artificial. If Nature is
allowed to run wild, it becomes a wilderness. The hand of
mail must be visible throughout; but it must be a hand
directed with care and love, so as to avoid too much formality
on the one hand and too great luxuriance on the other.
Milton's friend Andrew Marvell, a fiery patriot whose zeal
sometimes outran discretion, was also a true poet, and felt a
poet’s delight in a garden. There he found fair Quiet and its
sister Innocence, and writes that society is all but rude to this
delicious solitude. Fruit and flowers grow together in Marvell a
beautiful garden, and he sees them with a poet's eyes—
The nectarine anil curious peach.
Into my hands themselves do reach.
Stumbling on melons ns I pas*.
Ensnared with Mowers l rail on grass,
Meanwhile the mind, from pleasure leas
Withdraws into its lutpplnoss.
Annihilating nil that’s mado
To a green thought In a green shade.
There is Another lovely poem of Marvell’s, in which a nymph
laments the death of her fawn—
I have a garden of my swn,
But so with roses overgrowu
And lilies, that you would it guess
To bo a little wilderness—
which the prosaic critic will say it needs must have been, since
the fawn lay upon the banks of lilies and fed upon the roses.
There is an English air about the sweet gardens of Marvell’s
fancy, but a taste for the angularity of Dutch gardens came
in with William at the Revolution, if not before; and Sir
William Temple, who wrote an essay on gardening, introduced
the Dutch style at Moor Park, and rejoiced in his formal
flower-beds and straight canal. There many a time must
Swift have walked with his beautiful pupil Stella, and when
he went to Ireland he tried to imitate the Moor Park Gardens
on a small scale in his own garden at Laracor. He made a
fish-pond, and planted willows in doable rows, apple-trees, and
cherries. When Addison took him to see his sister's garden
at Westminster, where her husband was a Prebend, he thought
it a “delightful ” retreat; yet he adds, “ I like Laraoor better."
Alas ! the garden of which he was so proud is now a potato-
field. In his humorous way, Swift associates gardening with
politics. “I am sorry,” he writes, “we begin to resemble
England only in its defects. About seven years ago frogs
were imported here, and thrive very well; and three years
after a certain great man brought over Whig and Tory, which
suit the soil admirably."
Pope was as food of a garden as his friend Swift, and
expended much care and money on his five acres at Twicken¬
ham. His gardener published a plan of the little estate, upon
which the poet is said to have Bpent £5000; and of this sum
COVAN, ON THE CLYDE, WITH THE MOUTH OP THE KELVIN, AS IT WAS IN 1813.
FROM A I1UAWINO BY MB. W. SIMrSOX.
£1000 was spent on the grotesque ornaments of his “play¬
thing," the grotto. The garden itself, which exists no longer,
appears to have been laid out with taste. Pope had a love of
landscape-gardening, and disliked the formal style of the
French, Dutch, and Italian schools. In his view-
lie gains nil ends who pleasingly eonfeitmls.
Surprises, varies, and conceals the bounds.
Whatever the most brilliant poet of the Queen Anne period
knew of Nature was learned in a garden. The passion
for noble scenery, now so common, was unknown to him and
to his famous contemporaries. They preferred the pretty art
of man to the sublimity of Nature. Later in the century
Goldsmith expressed the common feeling of the time when he
wrote of the “ barren hills," the “ torpid rocks," and “ stormy
glooms "of Switzerland ; and apropos of Goldsmith a character¬
istic anecdote is told of his visit to a garden at Leyden daring
the time of the tulip mania. His generosity prompted him to
buy some roots for his uncle, which emptied his parse, and
apparently forced him to reduce his wardrobe, for he set out
on his travels with only one clean shirt, and without a shilling
in his pocket.
Poets have always loved gardens, and Cowper, the most
home-loving of onr poets, expresses his love for one in the
third book of “ The Task bnt he does it not very happily,
and the garden pictures in his letters are more attractive.
Writing to Newton, he says ;—“I sit with all the windows and
the door wide open, and am regaled with the scent of every
flower in a garden as fall of flowers as I have known how to
make it. We keep no bees ; bnt if I lived in a hive I should
hardly bear more of their music. All the bees in the neigh¬
bourhood resort to a bed of mignonette opposite to the window,
and pay me for the honey they get out of it by a hnm which,
though rather monotonous, is as agreeable to my ear as the
whistling of my linnets.” In his garden, and in the green¬
house he loved so well, Cowper's cares were lightened. Nature,
in ail its more tranquil forms, gave him the most exquisite
solace. “Oh! I could spend whole days and moonlight
nights," he writes, “ in feeding upon a lovely prospect I My
eyes drink the rivers as they flow." Not even to Wordsworth
was Nature dearer than to Cowper, though the greater poet's
glance was more profound, his sense of beauty more subtle.
.So also was Shelley's ; but ivhat we miss in his verse are the
stalwart qualities that give reality to poetry. He sees visions,
and to him the homely Nature dear to ordinary people is
either not seen at all or seen throngh a mist. So when Shelley
takes us into a garden, it is one of rare beauty indeed ; but we
feel that neither the lovely flowers nor the lady who tends
them belong to onr common earth.
I do not think that any poet of our time is so happily at
home in a garden as Lord Tennyson ; and with what choice
words does he describe his own careless-ordered garden at
Freshwater, where the magpie gossips garrulous under a roof
of pine! What cheerful talks must there have been in it!
what high converse ! what rare wit 1 So I thought as I
walked throngh the garden once on a festal occasion in the
master's absence, and I thought, too, how pleased and proud
Maurice mast have felt on receiving the most exquisite
invitation to visit a garden and its owner, ever written by a
poet
Come, Maurice, come; the lawn as yet
Is hoar with rimo or spongy wet:
But when the wreath of March has blossom’d
Crocus, anemone, violet,
Or lator. pay one visit here.
For those are few we hold as dear;
J*or pay but one, but come for many,
Many and many a happy year.
In a very different strain, but with true Tcnnysanian sweet¬
ness and felicity of expression, he pictures the garden in which
the artist-lover wooes and wins the gardener's danghter. Ami
who does not remember Maud's garden of roses, and the lovely
garden-song, which is one of the poet's most perfect lyrical
efforts ?
There are gardens I have seen which live for ever in the
memory. Shall I recall one 1 A charming old house, with
quaint gables and eoignes of vantage and casement-windows
nestling amidst roses and honeysuckles, lies halfway down a
hill which is partly green with pasture and in part shaded
with beech-trees. In the front, facing the south-west, is a
lawn with beds rich in colour, upon which through all the
happier months of the year the gardener exercises his
choicest skill. The lawn might appear a little formal and
kept with a care too precise, were it not for the lovely
broken ground that falls and rises like the gentle waves
of a summer sea. And here, throngh winding paths and
borders thickly covered with the old English flowers dear to
cottagers, you come by a slow descent into a small wood with
open spaces free to sunshine and flowers. Lower still a rustic
bridge crosses a rapid stream that bounds merrily over the
rocks. Cross the bridge and yon reach a natural bower, helped
a little, but not too much, by art. The view is charming, and
the joyous noise of the river does bnt give one a deeper sense
of seclnsion. What a spot for a poet or a lover ! Here the
birds hold a full concert when the early buds are on the trees,
and a few yards from the arbonr, where the stream widens, is a
deep pool of the clearest water—the home, doubtless, of a fair
nymph with golden hair;—
But whilst this muddy vesture o( decay
Doth grossly close us in, we cannot see her.
Keeping by the Bide of the stream for a few hundred yards,
AUG. 25, 1888
234
THE ILEUS TEA TED LONDON NEWS
Home stepping-stones allow you to cross again, anti after
ascending a small meadow ami passing through a shrubbery,
the kitchen-garden is reached. Flowers and vegetables grow
togither: and through an archway, in a quickset-hedge, is a
glimpse of a wide-spreading lawn, and of the house beyond.
If it is the month of strawberries, yon will not be in a hurry
to return there, or later in the year the walled garden with its
ripe peaches and nectarines wi'll satisfy three senses—O fair,
sweet garden of delights ! 0 sweeter youth that finds joy in
evert thing, and reaps far more than it sows !
Here l am warned to part company with a snbject not
readily to he exhausted in a paper twice the length of this.
There are many ways in which it might be treated, and out of
tin' manv I have touched hut slightly upon one. Alas! for
landotiers who arc forced to dream about gardens without
possessing them. Year by year our once beautiful suburban
gardens grow less and less in size, and bricks take the place of
lilies ami of roses. At the beginning of the century a garden
was a cheap luxury, and many a poor man who suffered from
an eternal want of lienee," found in it his choicest recreation.
Now. a good garden means a large income, and ere long the
folk ivho live in suburban villas will have to take to window-
gardening or to renounce the pastime altogether. J. D.
OISITUARY.
Silt (IKOMJE IltlbYOAKE-OOOIlRICKE. BAHT.
George Edward Holyoake-Goodricke, third Baronet, died at
his residence. The Mytlie, near Tewkesbury,
on Aug. 11. He was born, Nov. 3. 1844, the
, youngest son of Sir Francis Lyttelton Holy-
oake (who assumed the surname of Goodrickc
* on inheriting the estates of Sir Harry
Goodricke. Bart, of Ribstonc Hall, York¬
shire. in 1833, and who was created a Baronet
in 1837), by Elizabeth Martha, his wife,
daughter of Mr. George Payne, of Stilby Hall,
Northamptonshire. He received his education
at Rugby, and succeeded his hrother in 1883.
_ He died unmarried, and the title consequently
becomes extinct. His second sister, Lilia, is wife of Colonel
William Cavendish Bcntinck Ryan, late Bengal Staff Corps,
son of the late Bight Hon. Sir Edward Ryan, and brother of
Sir Charles Lister Ryan, K.C.B.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Mr. Michael Gould, LL.D.. Barrister-at-Laiv, Administrator
General of Madias, on Aug. 14, aged fifty.
The Rev. John Joseph Lomax, M.A., Vicar of Brcinton,
Herefordshire, on Ang. 14, aged fifty-eight.
Commander Cecil William Beaumont, late Royal Navy, at
Haslar. Hants, on Ang. 11, aged forty-five.
Mr. William H. Baily, acting paleontologist of the
Geological Survey of Ireland, aged seventy-nine.
The Rev. Francis Turner Gill, M.A., for twenty-eight years
Vicar of Warfield. Berks, at Ragatz, Switzerland, on Aug. !>,
aged seventy-one.
Mr. John Joseph Jones, of Abberley Hall and Pensax Court,
Worcestershire, J.P. and D.L., at Karlsbad, Austria, suddenly,
on Aug. 5, aged fifty-eight.
Lieutenant-Colonel Howard Parker, late loth Foot, eldest
surviving son of Lieutenant-Colonel Windsor Parker, of
Clapton Hall, formerly M.P. for West Suffolk, at White House,
Felixstowe, on Ang. 7, aged fifty-one.
. Lieutenant-Colonel Francis William Johnstone, eighth son
of the late Mr. James Raymond Johnstone, of Alva, Stirling¬
shire, at Osborn House, Bolton-gardens, S.W., on Ang. it, aged
seventy.
Mr. Frederick Heysham, youngest son of the late Mr.
Robert Thornton Heysham, of Hinton House, near Alresford
and Stagenhoe Park, Herts, at Bellevue House, Winchester, on
Ang. 10, aged eighty-eight.
Lady Hillary (Susan Curwen), widow of Sir Augustus
William Hillary, second and last Baronet, and daughter of Mr.
John Christian, of Ewanrigg Hall, Cumberland, at her resi¬
dence, West Drayton, Middlesex, on Aug. 17.
Lady Arthur Lennox, at her residence, Swallowfield Park,
Reading, on Ang. 14. She was the daughter of Colonel John
Campbell, and married, in 183.7. Lord Arthur Lennox, M.P.,
youngest son of Charles, fourth Duk« of Richmond, K.G. He
died in 1854.
Mr. William Eassie, C.E.. F.L.S.. F.G.S., ko., at his residence
in South Hampstead, on Aug. 111. He was honorary secretary
of the Cremation Society, of which, in conjunction with Sir
Henrv Thompson and a few others, he woe one of the founders
in ISN. Mr. Eassie had a varied and useful career.
Colonel Augustus Thomas Rice, late 51st Light Infantry, at
Cheltenham, on Ang. 15, aged seventy-three. He entered the
Army in 1831, and became Colonel in 1854. He served with
his regiment daring the war in Burrnah in 1852, at the storm
and capture of Rangoon, and at the assault and capture of
Bassein, where ho was severely wounded.
Lady Harriot Elizabeth Poore, Lady of the Bed-chamber to
her Royal Highness the Duchess of Edinburgh, at the Eastney
Barracks. Portsmouth, on Aug. 15, aged forty-three. She was
the eldest daughter of the present Earl of Verulam, and
married, in 1885, Major Francis Harwood Poore, Royal Marine
Artillery.
Colonel Arthur Swann Howard Lowe, of Gosfield Hall,
Essex, F.U.A.S., J.P., late 4th Battalion Derbyshire Regiment,
on Ang. 12, aged sixty-one. He was the youngest son of the
late Mr. Alfred Lowe, of Highfield, near Nottingham, and was
brother of Mr. Edward Joseph Lowe, of Shirenewton Hall,
Monmouthshire, D.L.
Mr. Thomas Macpherson Bruce-Gardyne of Middleton
House, Forfarshire, J.P., late Lieutenant 40th Regiment, on
Ang. 17, aged fifty-seven. He was the eldest son of Mr.
William Brace, who assumed the name of Gardyne on
inheriting the Middleton estates, by Catherine, daughter of
Lieutenant-Colonel Macpherson, of Canada.
Mr. Henry Richard, M.P., suddenly, on Aug. 21, at Tre-
borth. Bangor. Mr. Richard, who was the son of the late
Rev. Ehenezcr Richard, a distinguished Calvinistic Methodist
preacher, was born in 1S12. After passing through the
Highbury Congregational College he was for several years
Minister of Marlborough (Independent) Chapel, Southwark.
Mr. Richard was a stanch advocate of arbitration as a means
of settling international disputes. From 1848 to 1885 he was
Secretary to the London Peace Society. He was a Home
Ruler, and an advocate of the total severance of Chnrch and
State. He had represented Merthyr Tvdvil in the House of
Commons since 18(18. He was the author of “ The Memoirs of
Joseph Sturgc ” and other works.
A charter of incorporation has been granted to Lough¬
borough, Leicestershire, a town with a population of 8000, and
a large hosiery trade. There will be three wards, each return¬
ing six councillors, with two aldermen each.
Lord Aberdeen, speaking at a cattle-show dinner at Tarland,
Aberdeenshire, referred to the reasons which had induced him
to sell his landed property at Cromar. The leading reason, he
said, was a desire to remedy the evil of absentee landlordism.
He desired also to avoid the purchase of the land by rack-
renting landlords, and for that purpose he had exposed it in
lots to suit the present occupiers, .lie commended the system
of peasant proprietorship as giving a stimulus to personal
exertion not otherwise obtainable, and promised when the
local governing body « as constituted under a system of local
government for Scotland to hand over the local market-stance.
DEATHS.
At Minims, on Aug. 14, Michael flonlil, 111,., LL.D., Administrator*
General of Madras, aged 60. < By telegram.)
On Ang. 16, at Holm Hook Hall, Cumberland, Elizabeth Lnev, the
lielnved wife of ,1, IV. F. LowthorjK*, and lonngest daughter of tlic late
Thomas ltatkcs, of Wellon House. Yorkshire.
The charge for the insertion of Pdeths, Marriages, and Heaths,
is Fire .Siiittiinls.
STAG-HUNTING! ON EXMOOR.
There is a “Wild West” in North Devon and Somersetshire
little known to many Cockneys; and the open tract of moor¬
land extending from the Quantock Hills, above the wide plain
of Bridgwater and the fair valley of Taunton, far away west¬
ward to the heights of Conntisbury, near Ilfracombe, is a
district ns wild as any in South Britain. Here rises the Exe,
which has given its name to the great Moor ; and the source
of its tributary, tho Barle, which joins it below Dulvcrton, is
above Simonsbatb, in the heart of what was anciently a
“ Forest,” a Royal Chace, though seldom if ever visited by
Kings fond of hunting, who had the New Forest of Hamp¬
shire, and other such places, nearer to their usual abode. It
is mentioned, however, in a charter of King John's, and
was surveyed by order of Edward I. After the lapse of
five centuries, during which the native race of Lorna
Doone's folk had Exmoor pretty much to themselves,
the Crown rights were sold in 1820 to Mr. John Knight,
who settled at Simonsbath (originally Simon's Path, from the
nameof a noted outlaw haunting that place in the olden time),
and made some attempts to reclaim the land for agriculture,
but with little success. Most of it still remains a wilderness,
and is the habitation of rare birds and beasts, among which is
the true Red Deer, the same animal that affords so much spoit
to rifle-shots in the Scottish Highlands : but on Exmoor, from
August to April, the Devon and Somerset staghounds, with
bold riders who delight to follow them over the roughest and
Btecpest ground, pursue this noble beast in .a fashion that
would be surprising to ordinary foxhunters, and that is unique
among English hnnting-men.
In a volume recently published by Messrs. Chapman and
Hall, “ Records of Stag-hunting on Exmoor.” by the Hon. John
Fortescue, the reader will find all historical particulars and a
variety of anecdotes and practical observations concerning this
kind of sport, related in a pleasant and lively style, with many
illustrations from drawings by Mr. Edgar Gibeme. It, is
partly compiled from the journals kept, from 1875 to 1SSI, by
the late Sir. 51. Fenwick-Bissct, of Pixton House, Dulverton,
and of Exford, who was Master of the Devon and Somerset
Hounds during twenty-seven years, and was succeeded by Lord
Ebrington. There is a hook of much value, by the late Dr. C.
Palk Collvns, a medical gentleman of Dulverton, on “The
Chase of the Wild Bed Deer,” which is the recognised
authority with regard to the natural history of the animal:
but it seems to be out of print. Many extracts from it are
given by Mr. Fortescue, whose work contains a full account of
the whole subject, and will be interesting to the naturalist, to
the antiquary, and to the topographer, as well as to the
sportsman. We have not space to put before our own renders
any of the stirring narratives of good runs and final ‘ kills.”
frequently in the water of pools or rivers, and sometimes in
the sea, which are here related. Our Artist's drawing of the
scene, “ Unhorbouring a Stag,” was made above Clontsham,
the view looking over Porlock, with the Bristol Channel and
Wales in the distance. It may invite a perusal of the volume
to which we have referred.
The annual great show of toy-dogs has been held at the
Royal Aquariam.
Mr. Mackey Wilson, the High Sheriff of county Kildare, has
given £ 1000 to the Royal Irish Constabulary Jubilee Fund.
5Iany clergymen are coming forward with testimony to the
fact that the daily opening of their churches has led to no
misuse, even in circumstances which might well have promised
a different result.
Mr. C. T. Ritchie, president of the Local Government
Board, will take the chair at the 224th anniversary festival of
the Scottish Hospital corporation, to be held on St. Andrew s
Day next, Nov. 30.
The Queen has approved the appointment of Lieutenant-
General Lord Abinger, who formerly commanded the Scots
Guards, to command the West London Volunteer Infantry
Brigade, recently constituted under the mobilisation scheme
for home defence.
A f YRA S JOURNAL for SEPTEMBER.
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Master of Kildare Hounds.
ELLIMAN’S ROYAL EMBROCATION.
Sold l»y CUamist# juul Saddler*. Price 2»., fld.. 3s. r«|,
Prvpftri*d only by ELLIMAN, SON'S, & CO., Slough, Eng.
DISORDERED STOMACH, INDIGESTION,
AND SLUGGISH LIVER.
“Please forward, by return of post, one bottle of your ‘VEGETABLE
MOTO;’ by doing so will greatly oblige. Have inclosed stamps, Is. 3d.
Your ‘MOTOS,’ together with the ‘FRUIT SALT,’ are doing me more
good than any medicine I have taken for Indigestion and the
Liver.”—Extract from a Lady’s letter, April, 1888.
ENO’S “VEGETABLE MOTO.”
Of all Chemists, price Is. lid.; post-free, Is. 3d.
IMPORTANT TO ALL. -ENO'S
“ FRUIT SALT ” and ENO’S “ VEGETABLE MOTO ”
should be kept in every house and every travelling
trunk in readiness for any emergency.
PREPARED ONLY AT ENO'S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS,
LONDON, S.E., BY J. C. ENO'S PATENT.
G © £ ©>SBSXTS8’
(LIMITED),
Late A. B. SAVORY and SONS,
WATCH AND CLOCK MAKERS,
and 12, CORNHILL, LONDON, E.C.
THE BEST KEYLESS WATCHES.
Highly-finished Horizontal Watch, in plain c.ou> half-
hunting cases (as drawing), with gold or enamel
dial .£10 0 0
Ditto, ditto, in silver cases .. .. 3 10 0
VICTORIA CHAINS FOR LADIES.
18-ct. gold, our own make. Open Curb Pattern, 13 in. long.
“O’CONNELL” MONUMENT WHISKY (IRISH).
“WALLACE” MONUMENT WHISKY (SCOTCH).
THE “BALLYHOOLEY” WHISKY (IRISH).
(RuuihtkrkI) Bra mis.)
Wholesale and Export of J. & .!. VICKERS & Co., Ltd..
LONDON and DUBLIN.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
AUTUMN and TRAVELLING
DRESSES.
QLOAKS, COSTUMES, &c.
■EMBROIDERED ROBES, in
Cnahmero, Cloth, &c.front £1 is o
■yard 0 1
VELVETEENS, Coloured
Black . iwr yai
All-Wool FRENCH CASHMERES an..
MERINOS. per yard 0 1 11
COSTUME CLOTH, 43 In. wide, All Wool.
l>cr yard 0 2 9
Navy Blue YACHTING SERGE, All Wool,
very wide. per yard 0 1 0
Sizes at £3, £3 10i„ £4, £4 10s., £5. £5 10*., £6, £6 10s., £7, £8, £0. £10 10s.
Illnatr&tad Pamphlet .with Prices o t Watcho*. Chains, Seals, Jewellery, anq Clocks, of ail tfco newest Patterns, forwarded gratia
and post-free, on application.
fJEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS,
** from 12a. to ».
NEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS, with Capes
from 02 b. fid. to £4 4 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, In New Designs
from 83a. fid. to 6 5 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, New Pattern*, in
Mackintosh .. .. from 17s. fid. to S 3 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, Lined Silk, Quilted,
and Trimmed Fur .. .. from 63s. to 9 9 0
TJEIGE, Serge, and Fancy-Cloth
COSTUMES.from Cl r > C
Fine Habit-Cloth COSTUMES, appllqnA lu
various designs, great novelty .. from 3 3 0
Cashmere COSTUMES. Trimmed Plain, Stripe,
ami Check Silk, or Velvet .. from 2 18 fi
CHILDREN'S COSTUMES, id Real Devon¬
shire Serge.0 6 11
CHILDREN’S Silk oud Fancy COSTUMES,
from 0 18 11
CHILDRENS JERSEY COSTUMES (fifty
designs) .front 0 6 11
CJILKS, SATINS, VELVETS, &c.
^ -.’(Ml ricco (''donrr I Rp'end’d I'ATI.V-.
suitable for Ten-Gowns, very rich .. per yard £0 4 fl
.1 mi Pieces Rich Coloured FAILLE
FRANCAISE . per yard 0 4 11
Extra Rich BROCADES, suitable for Court
Trains and Bridal Wear .. per yard 0 7 11
PATTERNS and Illustrations
post-free.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
TERRIBLE COLLISION IN THE ATLANTIC.
On the morning of Aug. 14 the Thingvalla and the Reiser, iron
thins of the Scandinavian Thingvalla Line, were thirty miles
south of Sable Island, off the coast of Nova Scotia. the
Gcisor of IS 18 tons, was steaming eastward from New lork
to Copenhagen, carrying 107 passengers and a crew of nearly
;»o The Thing valla's coarse lay westward to .New York,
a little south of the Geiser’s course. The Thingvalla, of
HiSu tons, was lightly laden, and carried <51 cabin passengers
and 391 in the steerage. The New York correspondent of the
St a n i<i nl states that there is some conflict regarding the state
of the weather, which is. perhaps, best described as “ nasty."
No storm was raging, but there was mist, if not fog and some rain.
It W as under these circumstances that the Thingvalla’s bow
st nick the Geiser amidships, abaft the starboard main rigging,
m* irly at right angles to the keel, and cut the Geiser almost
in two. Neither vessel sighted the other until just before the
collision. Until then neither of them had given any signals
of warning of her approach, nor could either of them take
effective means to prevent the catastrophe. Both engines were
reversed, but it was impossible to reverse the movement of the
vessels quickly enough. The Geiser starboarded her helm,
throwing the bow to the north : but the Thingvalla ported her
helm, instead of passing the Geiser to the south. The Thing¬
valla's how was torn away, leaving a hole measuring twenty
square feet open to the sea ; but the bulkhead kept her afloat.
Nothing could save a ship injured as the Geiser was. She
rocked like a cradle, and within seven minutes sank like a
stone. As she settled more and more on the starboard side
: lie careened so that some of the passengers rushing on deck
M'epped into the sea. Others dashing along blindly fell into
the hole made by the Thingvalla. Many were crushed in their
berths. The Geiser’s second officer, sleeping in his berth, was
awakened by the groans of his mangled shipmate, and saw
the Thingvalla’s prow thrusting itself into the Geiser. He
s'ized the Thingvalla’s anchor-chains, and when she drew
away he clambered to the Thingvalla’s decks, and saw behind
him his cabin close to a hole which two elephants driven
abreast could have entered. The Geiser launched three boats,
e. of which capsized. One floated so far
mid jump for it. 'Ike third was overladei
The coolness and bravery exhibited bv Captain Moller, of
the Geiser. after the collision received the commendation of
the few snrvivors. He stood by his vessel until the very last.
Just as the stern of his vessel disappeared a wave swept over
the bridge, carrying the captain with it. He was hurled
down and nearly drowned by the suction of the vessel. When
he came to the surface a terrible sight met his gaze. The
rafts and boats were floating about, while men. women, and
children were vainly endeavouring to reach them. He swam
about for some minutes and succeeded in getting hold of an
oar. He was floating for half-an-hour before he was rescued.
The chief officer, Mr. Brown, lost his life in trying to save the
passengers. He jumped from the bridge to the deck, and
began to distribute life-preservers, but perished in, the attempt,
for in five minutes the vessel sank.
y that no one
d was sucked
half of its
occupants were gone. Meanwhile, the Thingvalla’s boats
rescued those who were floating on the wreckage—namely,
fourteen, passengers and seventeen of the crew. The list of
the saved is incomplete. Those who arc known to be dead
include five officers and the steward and stewardess, twenty-
nine seamen, seven cabin and sixty-five steerage passengers.
The '1 bingvalla, disabled and overcrowded with the sur¬
vivors from the Geiser, was happily relieved at noon by the
German steam-ship Wieland, which took the passengers to N’cw
York, leaving the Thingvalla steaming slowly for Halifax,
over one hundred miles distant, where she arrived safely.
Captain C. Moller. of the Geiser, has told the following
story of the collision :—When Monday morning dawned, the
Geiser was off the dreaded bank. It was not foggy, but misty
rain prevailed for the greater part of the time. So pleasant
was the weather that at ten o’clock on Monday night Captain
Moller left, the bridge in charge of the chief officer, Mr. Brown,
and decided to take a few hours’ rest. He reclined on a sofa in
the chart-room, directly under the bridge. He gave the officers
strict orders to call him should it become foggy, and to report
to him at midnight what progress the steamer was making.
At three o’clock the chief officer reported that the weather was
*■ sightable,” with occasional rain. Captain Moller, after telling
the chief officer that he would take the soundings at four
o’clock that morning, undressed himself, having decided to
take a little sleep. He had not yet closed his eyes when the
door of the chart-room was suddenly thrown open. ** <’oin«‘ on
deck ! " wildly shouted the chief officer. •* we are going to have
a collision.” Captain Moller sprang on to the bridge, clad in
his night clothes, and assumed the command. He came too
late : no human effort could prevent the disaster. The sharp
hows of the Thingvalla were about to strike tko Geiser directly
amidships, opposite the main rigging.
We have received a copy of a little work, entitled “ Watches
and Clocks,” issued gratis, by Mr. J. W. Benson, of Lndgate-
hill, which is perhaps the most complete book of its kind
published. It is not merely a catalogue, but gives a full and
plain description of the mechanism of a watch, intelligible to
the general reader.
The Board of Trade have received, through the Foreign
Office, the undermentioned testimonials, which have been
awarded by the German Emperor to the master, mate, and
three seamen of the steam-ship Cato, of Hull, in recognition of
their services to the shipwrecked crew of the German schooner
Alfred, of Papenberg, which was wrecked off the Horn Beef
light-ship on April 2. 1887 :—A gold watch for the master,
Captain Andrew White ; a marine binocular for the mate,
William Bettinson : and a sum of 100m. to each of the three
seamen, C. Gustavsen, II. Pinch on, and H. Tollefsen.
The Local Government Board has issued circulars to town
clerks and clerks of the ]>eace in England and Wales stating
that in pursuance of the powers conferred upon them by the
Local Government Act, 1888, they have issued orders deter¬
mining the number of the county councillors for each county,
and their apportionment between each of the boroughs which
have sufficient population to return one councillor and the rest
of the county. The number of councillors so prescribed docs
nob, however, include the county aldermen. The Board point
out the duties that will now devolve upon courts of quarter
YACHTING.
There was plenty of wind on Aug. 15, at Ryde. when the second
day’s racing at the Regatta of the Royal Victoria Yacht Club
took place : but, unfortunately, it was from the east, with rain
at times. Irex again showed Yarana what her eighteen feet
extra length was worth in a breeze and sea, by coming in over
twenty-three minutes ahead of her ; and Yarana, in her turn,
beat Petronilla nearly eleven minutes and a half. In the smaller
class, May beat the Mohawk handsomely, and won a well-
deserved prize. The first was a match exceeding 40 rating :
First prize. £50 ; second, £20. Starters : Irex, cutter, 98, J.
Jameson ; Yarana, cuttei
Earl of Dnnraven ; Hy
Victoria course. Irexwoi
Irex (£50), 3h. 7m. 57
Petronilla, 3h. 43m. 40s.
The next race was for
58. P. Ralli; Petronilla, cutter, 54,
einth, yawl, 50, T. Garth. Long
a first-rate race, the timing being
. ; Yarana (£20), 3h. 31m. 12s. ;
sessions and town councils, so as to determine electoral divi¬
sions for the first elections to the county councils by the date
prescribed in the Act, which is Nov. 8 next.
Renewed efforts are being made to raise funds to complete
the restoration of Peterborough Cathedral. Canon Argles has
promised a second subscription of £500, in addition to the
£ 1200 given by him for a Bishop’s throne and choir pulpit,
and a further £500 for other special portions of choir fittings.
Miss Argles has collected £300 towards a choir floor, and Lady
Elizabeth Yilliers has given £ 1200 towards choir stalls. Canon
Clayton has promised £250 towards the general restoration
fund, the contribution to be spread over five years; and Mr.
II. P. Gates has offered £350 (to be paid in three years) as a
special donation for bell frames in the north-west tower. A
subscription of £ 150 to the general fund has also been received
from the Bishop of Leicester. Collecting boxes placed in the
cathedral have realised £905.
A national co-operative festival, the first held in this country,
was opened at the Crystal Palace on Aug. 18. and was attended
by many thousands of co-operators from all parts of the country.
The chief features of the programme were a large show of
fruit, flowers, and vegetables : an exhibition of objects manu¬
factured at home ; a display of goods made by co-operative pro¬
ductive societies, and a choral concert. Mr. G. J. Holyoakc
addressed theopeniiig meeting.observing that tbeligbtof profit-
sharing was at last dawning on England. In the afternoon there
was an open-air gathering, to whom Mr. Edwin Owen Greening
explained the present position of the movement, pointing out
that with respect to productive co-operation, by which alone
they conld hope to realise the emancipation of industry, they
The next race was for yachts not exceeding 40 rating. First
prize, given by the Vice-Commodore, Captain Harvey, £50 ;
second, £15. Starters: May, cutter, 40, T. West; Mohawk,
cutter, 40, Colonel Bagot; Neptune, cutter, 40, T. Birchnll;
Foxglove, yawl, 40, W. Paget. Short Victoria course. M*;v
won, with over a minute and a half to spare. The timing nt
the finish was :—May (£50), 2h. 58m. 54s.; Mohawk (£15),
3h. Ora. 37s. : Foxglove. 3h. 7m. 51s.
The prize sailed for on the lfith was the town cup. pre¬
sented by the inhabitants of Ryde. It was an open race, any
yachts belonging to a recognised yacht club being accepted.
A prize of £20 was added by the Royal Victoria Club for the
winner in the class in this race exceeding 10 rating and nob
exceeding 20, and a further prize of £ 10 was offered by the
club for the winner in the class under 10 rating, these two
prizes being under the condition that two or more of each
class started. The long Victoria course was selected, and
Yarana took the town cup ; and the Vreda, being the first home
of her rating, took the club prize.
The race on the 17th was for the cup presented by the
Commodore, the Marquis of Exeter. The course was round
the Isle of Wight. There sailed the Yarana, Neptune. Petro-
nella, Mary, Mohawk, Condor, and Irex. They started with a
splendid breeze, at ten o'clock, and circumnavigated the island,
a distance of over fifty miles, in less than five hours. 'Ihc
Irex arrived at 2h. 50 m. 41 s., and won the cup. The Yarana
won the second prize of £25.
The Engineer Volunteer camp at Upnor was formed on
Aug. 18, in connection with the School of Military Engineering
at Chatham.
At Downing College, Cambridge, the Rev. J. C. Saunders,
M.A.. who has for some time been Tutor jointly with Dr.
Perkins, becomes sole Tutor of the College, Dr. Perkinshaving
resigned.—At St. Catharine’s College, the Corrie Prize for
Theology, founded in commemoration of Dr. Corrie, late
Master of Jesus College. Norrisian Professor of Divinity, and
who was formerly President and Tutor of St. Catharine's, has
been awarded to Edwin Stanley Wilkinson, undergraduate of
the college.—At Trinity Hall, the Cressingham Prize, of the
value of £ 15, for an English essay written by an under¬
graduate, has been adjudged to R. A. Wigrara. Additional
prizes have been awarded to M. Collet and II. Morgan Brown.
The summer session of the College of Agriculture, Downton.
near Salisbury, ended on Aug. 18 with the usual distribution
of honours. Prizes were awarded for excellence in both
practical and theoretical competitions. Amongst the former
were prizes for milking, butter-making, harnessing and
driving, shearing sheep, industry on the farm, knowledge of
farm machinery, knowledge of live stock, ploughing, the best
kept farm diary, essay on the cultivation of malting barley,
best c>llection of grasses, of insects, and of weeds, report on
natural history, field excursions, and liest laboratory note¬
books. The class prizes were awarded for examinations passed
in agriculture, chemistry, botany, surveying, mensuration, and
building construction. The scholarship offered amongst first
years students was won by Mr. W. D. Linsell, Bevor's Hill,
Southampton.
By Royal
Special Appointment. j
LADIES’ DRESSES.
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
SPEARMAN
-A.2TID
SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH.
EXQUISITE DRESS MATERIALS
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
The highest taste, beat qualities, and cheapest
prices. In Pure Wool only.
Order* nre Carriage Paid; and nny length let cut.
These beautiful Hood* are supplied to Ladies
11icin^oI tok, not through Agent* or Drapers.
BUY DIRECT FROM
SPEARMAK asd SPEARMAN.
PLYMOUTH. DEVON.
FRY’S
PURE CONCENTRATED
COCOA
Aak your Grocor Tor s Sample, gratis.
ffjy ROBINSON and CLEAVER S
• CAMBRIC POCKET
HANDKERCHIEFS.
ROBINSON 1 CLEAVER, BELFAST.
FASHIONS FOR THE SEASON.
The LI LI PUT”
PETER ROBIN
PETER ROBINSON
I»ETER ROBINSON'S COURT anil FAMILY
A MOt'Ii VI Mi IV \ UKJIOI'SK.
It Ktl K NT-NTU KKT, I.DMOT,
()N RECEIPT of LETTER or TELEGRAM
I XEXPENSIVE MOURNING
rRENCII and ENGLISH DRESSMAKING at
1 »C«.» ... . lure,-.
^TLKS. \EI.\K I’s. BUQCADKS, an immense <
(hv.-T'.’ ‘ Vill.V.” ' U , ’"" h ’ >1 till ■.. - I..I
( V .m i, Sl>,: !,! AL " -Wearing" MAKES of
I \ ^ " V> ’| j' , " ' 1 ' from "i’,. mi,.," ||,j.
EVENING and DINNER DRESSES. A superior
N EW .black material costumes, a
B E ACTIFUL FRENCH MILLINERY, entirely
[JETER ROBINSON, the COURT and GENERAL
j MOURNING warehouse,
I REBENT-STREET, LONDON.
M&MV/EO'/rom £5 £5,000
18 NEW BOND SJW.
Price 16 s 6 e. — wilt loll Leather fos, i Curd
Till' "Mi.lITT" I. n very useful, light.Imt ettuns
lU-inekei Field and ()|«>ra (Jliiss. Us imniculur unit
wly-iiiviMUed Perfect Achromatic Combination ITlassu
(> made in accordance with the directions of the Tech
Ml Artillery * • mu in i." io ii niliee .•( poiners < Kriiicr)
■ I render the ** LILIPUT ” equal if not superior to nil
E, KRAUSS <SC, CO.,
60, HAYMARKET, S.W.
Pauls— I, AVENUE DR LA REPUBLIQUE.
/(Sjr from \
f V. * every flower that *»' 4" >
br i a frajr -nee. t
■SWEET SCENTS |
LOXOTIS OPOPONAX f
l FRANGIPANNI psidium /
V J lay be obtained ^ £
\ Of any Chemist or J&Aw
V 'V Perfumer.
ARSENICAL Ws TER o/£nat RESTORATIVE PROPERTY
I lor weak Children mil IlseaseiolSklo and Bones ■
Ala bourboule.A
m2 Rheumatism* — Respiratory Organ* —
^■Anemia - Diabetes — Intermittent Fever»H|
tUrnl Snip. fro. ».y> umy te NO* up,> tember.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NEW MUSIC.
£1HAPPELL and C O.'S POPULAR MUSIC.
1 \EAR HEART.
If By TITO MATTE J.
TliU raunaniufr («'|ra l»r Song
Published m three He)«.
H eaven and earth.
tty NHBCTI.
Snuff by Hndawe Eiiriquex.
Tliirlj-.nc.md Edit led now reedy.
CNOWY-BREASTED PEARL.
O By JOSEPH ROBINSON
Suns hy Madame Kuri-inct. Edward Lloyd, ic.
ill i ho Three. Y oars' Si »U'i
. Now or Secondhand.
' A1X-LB8-BAINS.—Grand Hotel Europe.
XV o„o of the most renowned aud boat condu clod in Enrol*,
i Patronised hy Royal Kamil>. sod aunny chamber#. RHliuil
. table. Largo gardens ; lawn-teaoii.-BSRXABCON, I'ropnetor.
4 IX*LES-BA1X8. — Grand Cerole Casino.
XV Theatrical w-ason, May to OcioIkt; c.neerls. . ..
ttruid ••|iera, opera comniue, ami other ivpie.'cutniioii*
Orchestra, sixty performer*; night fetes, illumination*. u rc . |
wurks. and grand ball*. A. Victim. Director. |
1 DIEPPE.—Hotel Royal, facing the sea.
„ Superior nrst-clisa house, worthily M-rommciidcd. 1
Nearest the sen. the cismo.and bulbing eauidiahiuent. Tai la i
dlifite. Open all the year. Lausonxkux, l'roj r. '
K l R H A r .S. >i. Beaten lierg\ near
Interlaken. 1150yards. Hotel and Pension always ... a > n .
Incomparable mountain climate. M.igmlh cut view. Extended
337
r »AT !S YOUR CREST and WHAT
, TOUR MOTTO r- send name and comilv
.J.ETON -8 Heraldic Offiro. P«.nf,..* ..IT".>
7a. 0 * 1 . Podigrces traced. The
WL
CULI.F.TON'S Heraldic Office. p«, n tiii
'’“iigree* tracei.
of husband a
modern sty les.—25, Cranbuiirmstroct^W.u:'
gEASIDE SEASON.—THE SOUTH COAST.
.1..".., | MUUHTnx. | p V:'''a!!«',Tn.lMfroii,vl« u rl..M
ytHAPPELL aud CO.'S IRON-FRAMED
ly OllLIUl li PIANOFORTE*, Manufactured expressly f..i
jltro'iio^cUMiJW.,' (rum » (Jmiioi,.. ... fn.m all
riHAPPELL aud CO.'S STUDENTS’
U/ I'JANCIS. ComyaM Pi«» Oclaro.. (rum 10 gmuoas.
“mkos. Coral... yue Oclaro.. (ruin 10 gm
IHAPPELL and CO.'S NEW
l HAItilO.VII. JI3. wall Octavo CilOldora,(roil
/(LOUGH aud WARREN'S CELEBRATED
VV AMERICAN ORGANS, froln 6 iliiinons to 350 guinea*. |
Pronounced by tho Ulghnat iudgea to l»o suiarior t..all otbci* ,
in •nullity of tone. II.LI Sr It.VIED LIS1 S. post-free.
Clt vrmM. and C*|.,.V». New Umid-streei; and 15. Poultry. K.C. |
L’ HARDS’ PIANOS.—Messrs, ERARD. of
J_J i a, i;rear Marlhormiith-street. London.rind IS, Rucde Mail. |
■ ’.o her Majesty and the Prmco and I*-
'ULLETON'S GUINEA BOX of
u, '.'TV" »”'l *» E.vol..|,r., .
in l>ed with t rest or Address. N.. cli.-mro for ciigraMitu I
. .,1 eliding and Inviiatioii Cards. A CARD 1
cATK and fifty best Cuds. Printed. 2 ». sd.. post-free, by
ur, j3,CranU>mu-«trcet (curuo'r ol
L ITT I.KII AM PTON. "sn,
BOliXOH. ' (-K
HAYLING ISLAND. 1 Imin!
. " «»ro.u 1 |t
'■*» from Loudon aim
•rt nightly, nnd M»i
kou. 1 -1 mill 2nd i la
lay to Monday Ticket
81 . Martin'e-lan’c,
p O U R
N E W
NOVELS.
I $EASIDE SEASOX.-The ISLE of WIGHT.
T UCERNE.—Steam-boat travelline on this
classical Lake is one of the principal 1 .Harare* of
Tourists. The Saloon bouts make eighteen kinds and have
commodious saloons. Restaurant, laldc d’hote. Tickets
0 dually available by rail.
T UCERNE.—Pension New Schweizerhaus.
-* Coinf«»rual*lo English and American home, near Boats
and Rail. Large garden. Kxtensivo now* of Alps, lake, and
town. First medical recommendations. PoiKiioii, from six
fr * ncg - _ JosttPit Koht. Proprietor.
I 17CERN E.— Hotels 8ohweizerhof and
J . Lucernerliof. An extra ll—.r and two new lifts added
to the ivctiweixcrhof. The electric light is supplied in the 500
rooms ; no charge for lighting or *er\ ice.
Hack Kit Fukuks, Proprietors.
MONT DORE-LES-BAINS. Puy-de-Domc^
XTi BmiiIiw ituiilMliwsni recommended for Broncbltte
aud Asthma, also f.,r Liier, spleen, and Gout. There are eight
springs, varyimr from v.»deg. to lindcg. Scasou. Juno to
PAID IN HIS OWN COIN.
By E. J. GOODMAN.
In 3 vol*., crown two.
HUSH !
11, C IT R T I 8 VOBKB.
In 3 vole., crown avo.
ANTOINETTE.
By Miss BLYTH.
New liurlinginn-street.
THE CORNH ILL MAGAZINE for
I . 8EPTKMBF.R, roiiraitung, among other Articles of
l i'r T L-II1.-A COACH DRIN K
1 waw** uf “ - '"»«•*
London: Smith, Et.DKu.and Co.,is, Waterloo-piace.
, RYDE.
' l.s.
I SHAN KLIN.
U:\TNilll f.ir
Wight TrainsnDo
llyde Pier Head S
ablmg Pa««eiiger.<
Tram to the Slenn
| HAS IDE SEASON.—Normandy Coast, kc.
I DIEPPE.
' ROUEN.
I FECAMP.
Havre.
CHERBOURG.
THE_ANGLO - NORMAN AND
BRITTANY TOCRK. -Thee Tirkel"
enable the holdets to visit nil tho
principal places of interest m
Normandy and Unttatiy.
ful1 particulars, see Time-Book, or
Bninehomces. where Tickets may also i,J obtained:- Wc"
S'“J *|'’ lorac ®i-*‘;R'Jgen , -ci , 0 u ». Picendilly.iind «.Gi nd
a H n7tLM:afc «•«*•-»;
,M ’ 1 “. retary nnd General Mat
oitgh-nL. where new Pianos can be
•e obtained from 5ogs. -w,
gRARDS’ PIANOS. — COTTAGES, from
M CRREX, Switzerland.—Grand Hotel des !
ox AIM,, Alllluite, I0M yanle. One of U» ninal beautiful
crlaml. This' Hof
I. CRF.S*i\
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238
AUG. 25, 1888
THE ILLTTSTKATED LONDON NEWS
novels.
J„an irllarnt. By E *-ei Rtnart. Three vols. (It. Bentley and
Ron).—The choice of a title for this novel would seem Ip
have been a point under deliberation : for it-, pages are headed,
throughout the story. - A Man's Mistake." 1 ho man who
made the mistake was Major Hector Duncan. V .0.; but whether
the mistake he mtuio was in loving Joan \ ellacot, whom he
did not marry, or in marrying Margaret Austin, whom he (lid
not love, the render will have to consider. Joan Vellacot,
though entitled by her fascinating beauty to have her name
finally put on the tifiepnge. is such a wilful, selfish, and heart¬
less girl, and such a reckless flirt, that any man who loved and
married’her would soon find hi* mistake; and honest John
Peel, an acquaintance from childhood, ought to have known
better. She is the younger daughter of Sir Henry Vellacot,
of Laxtou Hall. Lowcrwter, in whose family, consisting of two
sisters and a brother, having lost their mother, the mutual ties
of relationship are painfully strained. The baronet has dis¬
carded his son. Carey Vellacot. for marrying a ballet-dancer ;
and his elder sister, Frances, is deeply grieved by this
cruel treatment of him, and by the father’s coldness
and indifference to herself. Joan has been early spoilt
by indulgence and flattery, and is, to say the truth, an un¬
principled and mischievous young person. An exhibition of
her charms in some *• tableaux vivants ” at Laxton Hall, where
she personates the seductive Egyptian Queen Cleopatra, makes
the middle-aged Major Duncan, recently come back from India,
her unfortunate victim. After manifesting his affection, and
receiving tokens that it will be returned, he is led to believe
that Joan has consented to un engagement with John Peel, a
wealthy neighbour, her suitor for years past, and highly
approved by Sir Henry Vellacot. The Major, naturally indig¬
nant, seeks his revenge by applying for the hand of Miss
Austin, the only child of a rich cotton-spinner; he is at once
accepted, being a very brave and distinguished officer, with
good social connections, though poor ; and these two are soon
married. The character of Margaret Duncan, as a wife
enduring severe trials in the discovery of her husband’s con¬
tinued infatuation about Joan, is by far the most engaging
object in this story. It is a noble character, portrayed
with much thought and care, and for her sake the novel
is worth reading ; yet “A Woman’s Mistake.” which is
quite as likely as “ A Man’s,” is a title that would have
aptly designated her unwary error in so readily accepting
Hector Duncan. A romantic sentiment of hero-worship,
and his accidental overturn in a carriage, when she relieved
him, should not have prompted her to intrust her life’s
happiness to a gentleman whose only merits were having won
a Viotoria Cross, and being proud of his reputation as a man of
honour. His matrimonial proposal to her wa9 coldly made ;
and, though his motive could hardly be mercenary, as her
fortune was strictly tied up, she must have known that he did
not give her much of a heart. In the subsequent renewal of
his intimacy with Joan Vellacot, there is nothing approaching
to a criminal intention; for Joan’s wickedness extends no
further than a malicious design to vex and to grieve Margaret by
a mere unscrupulous flirtation ; while Hector, never meaning
to betray or abandon his wife, is just weak enough to be
tempted to repeat his assurances to Joan that she is the woman
he loves. This unworthy and reprehensible game between the
newly-married husband and the unmaidenly damsel, who seeks
to exercise her power over him without being herself affected
by mutual passion, is begun at Paris, and resumed at a seaside
village near Ilfracombe. Idleness, in a remote country-house,
where a man cannot spend every day in fishing or shooting, is
always the worst foe to conjugal fidelity. If Major Duncan
had stayed at Lowcaster, and diligently jw:rfornicd the office that
was bestowed on him. that of Chief Constable of County Police,
he and Margaret would have been a happy couple. As the case
was, pursued by such a desperate female intriguer as Joan, and
having had no experience of the wiles of £ * fast ” English ladies
in his long Indian exile, he was doomed to inflict sorrow on a
wifo for whose character he felt sincere esteem, and to whom he
owed much gratitude besides a husband’s duty. There are two
good women. Lady Hartwood. a bright and lively widow,
shrewd and kind-hearted, and the npright, though rigid and
unconciliatory, Frances Vellacot, who endeavour to prevent
a disastrous issue -. but the end is very tragical. Mrs. Duncan,
walking on the cliffs, is startled by suddenly coming upon her
husband with Joan Vellacot. falls over a precipice, and is
killed. In her sad fate, as the true heroine of the story,
terminates all our interest in its actions and events ; and this
alone is sufficient to warrant us in commending its perusal as
one of the best recently published. The supposed reformation
of Joan, after all this, seerr.s too improbable for us to join in
congratulations on her wedding with John Peel.
A Bitter lteprntanee. By Lady Virginia Sandars. Three
vols. (Hurst and Blackett).—It is to be regretted that an
authoress who definitely conceives a situation of great pathetic
interest, and several characters of substantial individual
character, should mar their conversation with each other by
giving them a stilted and unnatural style of talking. The
want of simplicity of style is the fatal defect of this novel,
which would otherwise be really interesting ; for its theme is
the distressing position of a widowed elderly gentleman, Sir
Arthur Percival, who has an illegitimate daughter, called
Magdalen Rose, long supposed by him to be lost, since be
abandoned her mother, and into whose family this girl is
introduced, quite ignorant of her relationship to him, as com¬
panion to her half-sister. Lilly Percival, the only surviving
child of his marriage. His. therefore, is the “bitter repent¬
ance ; ” on becoming aware that he is her father, he dares not
acknowledge her, and he restrains the expression of his paternal
affection for her, because he cannot bear that the pure-sonled
Lilly, who is an invalid slowly dying of consumption, should
learn the misconduct of his youth. Magdalen herself, a
brave and noble-minded young woman, brought up to a life of
toil and poverty in a squalid part of London, cherishes an
almost vindictive hatred of the unknown parent who seems to
have cruelly betrayed her mother. In the opening scene, one
of the most effective, she comes to a fashionable hairdresser’s
shop, to sell her own beautiful hair for money to bring an
eminent physician. Dr. Tremaine, to save her mother, in the
last stage of a fatal disease. This affecting incident becomes
known to Lilly Percival, who is one of Dr. Tremaine’s patients ;
and they kindly make arrangements to take care of Magdalen
on her mother's death. But the poor girl wanders away,
distracted in mind and attacked by fever, throws herself into
the Thames, and is rescued by young Lord Conway, happening
to pass by in his steam-launch. Conway, the son of the Earl
of Ruthin, has romantic and eccentric ideas for a youth of his
rank. He has chosen to learn the craft of a mechanical artisan,
and intends to associate with men of the working classes,
that he may instruct them in matters of their social welfaie.
Leaving Magdalen, of whom he takes little notice after
emerging from the river, to be tended in St. Thomas’s Hospital,
he goes to a Northern manufacturing town, where he attempts
to settle a fierce dispute between employer and employed.
The author’s description of riots during this “strike” at the
ironworks, and her tirade against “ Socialism,” only show that
she has no real acquaintance with the habits and ideas of
English workmen. Failing in his efforts of mediation, and
threatened by them with furious violence—which would cer¬
tainly not be the result of such action in dealing with their
class—his Lordship returns to his family and fri. nds, among
whom are Sir Arthur Percival and his daughter. An engage¬
ment, indeed, between Conway and Lilly Percival has long
been contemplated, but is finally refnsed by the young lady,
because she feels that she has only a few months to live. In
the meantime. Dr. Tremaine, finding Magdalen in the hospital,
and having been informed by her mother of the true history
of her birth, takes her into his own house as companion to
Mrs. Tremaine, his aged mother, who is blind and infirm.
Her beauty, and the sweet dignity of her character, soon
inspire him with a profound attachment, which he endeavours
to control and to conceal, resolving to act the part of a dis¬
interested guardian. The whole party, in the summer holi¬
days, all being on terms of intimacy, are assembled on the
seacoast of South Devon, where Magdalen divides her
affectionate services between old Mrs. Tremaine and Lilly
Percival, who shows her a sisterly love. But the striking
likeness of faces between the father and the unrecognised
daughter, the strange mystery about Magdalen Rose, and the
remembrance of certain scandals in Sir Arthur's ehrly life,
excite the suspicion of malicious neighbours. Lord Conway,
now paying her too great attentions—though be is rather a
coxcomb and a prig—provokes an envious rival, Mrs. Hermon
Hodge, a rich young widow of doubtful reputation, to insult
and malign the innocent girl. The rudeness and bad manners
of some of the aristocracy and people of fashion, as depicted by
Lady Virginia Sandars, may be surprising to readers who
belong to tho obscure middle class of society. At length, when
Lilly Percival has been killed by the cruel exposure of her
father’s long-past transgression, and Lord Conway has been
overheard by Magdalen saying that he hesitated to marry her
on account of her illegitimate birth, the trials of this brave
heroine—she once saved Lilly’s life at the risk of her own—
arrive at a happy termination. She becomes the wife of Dr.
Tremaine, who is exalted to the rank of a medical baronet and
is earning a large income, and who is an excellent man of
studious and domestic tastes. It is better for her io be Lady
Tremaine, after all, than Lady Conway and prospective
Countess of Ruthin.
Cardinal Manning took a prominent part in the annual
festival of the Catholic Total Abstinence League of the Cross,
which was held on Aug. 20, in the Crystal Palace. Addressing
the large audience, his Eminence expressed his belief that the
Temperance movement was the greatest ruling power in Eng¬
land after the Government. Upwards of 4300 members of the
association were assembled.
The Pope Commemoration Committee nt Twickenham
concluded their labours by passing a resolution expressing
their regret that the monument in Twickenham parish church,
erected by Pope to his father and mother, and on which his
own death is recorded, is concealed by the organ. They further
expressed a hope that this monument and the gravestone of
the poet, which is also concealed, may both be brought into view
should any alterations in the present arrangement of the church
make this possible. The committee decided to devote the surplus
from the Loan Museum to the purchase of works relating to
Pope for presentation to the Twickenham Free Library.
THE CHANCERY LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
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QIJAXC'ERY-LANK SAFE DEPOSIT.
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0HANUERYn7ANE SAFE Tu'.l'OSl T.
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QUA NT E KY - DAN E S A F E~D EPOSt T"
A NECESSITY OF TIIE TIME.
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Annual Rent of Safe, 1 to 5 Guineas; Annual Rent of Strong Rooms, from 8 Guineas.
THE CHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT
1 OKFKltS FACILITIES
gECONI) to NONE ns
pBOARDS SAFETY and
QONVENIENCE, nml HAS tlicT
ADVANTAGE of BEING
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|T PLACES ITSELF BEFORE the
pCBLlC withTlie
pi’LL CONFIDENCE of its ABILITY to I |NROADS of THIEVES, and from
gERYE ITS PATRONS in all ITS
Q EPA RTM ENTS with the BEST ofits KIX1).
BEP< IKE the ERA of
gAFE DEPOSIT COMPANIES,
£YERYTt:RSON SEEKING^
pLACE WHERE IIIS
VALUABLES W"oULD _ BE SA~FK fiorn tl7e |
DESTRUCTION by FIRE, was
OBLIGED TO LAY OUT
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|T WAS NOT LONG, however, before the
£XPERIENCEU TIIIEE E<it;N iTthe way to
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PEOPLE arc now COMPELLED to
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THE TIME HAS GONE BY WHEN
PRIVATE SAFES IN ONE'S
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The Stones being real Crystals, nnd
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To. ‘ Single-stone Earrings, from 10 *.
qmnrirr'lAo V« r l* air 1 Soirf •*'«*• Shirt Studs,
hmaii. r.iu* ivn.um*. Xeckleta, to £ 20 .
MANUFACTURERS,
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MANlFACTlTtKK, 1
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SIZE ANTIQUE rTUTEI
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Sterling Silver, *20 s«. ; Bl , s , Eu ,
PRESENTS. TKSTIM0'
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illustrated catalogue
IsBSSWaw 1 - «d°SKSS?^.
....... HWVTW,,.
IB, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
2
THE WORLDS MEDICINE.
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BEECHAM’S PILLS.
Their fame has reached the uttermost parts of the earth; their curative power is universally
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242
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON. NEWS
SEPT. 1, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
A chivalric German has been publishing an apology for
mothers-in-law. How many he has had of his own he does not
tell us, but he writes like a man who understands his subject.
It is high time in my opinion that such a hook was written.
The ridicule that has been cast upon that relative by play¬
wrights and jokers has done a good deal of harm to as worthy
n class of women as exists, and is generally falsely applied.
The treatment of them, both in fact and fiction, is as cruel as
it is cowardly. What is significant enough of the quarter from
which it arises is that it is the wife's mother that is almost
always made the subject of attack ; with the man's mother, I
confess 1 have much less sympathy, for ho con take care of
himself, and if her " interference " is not superfluous, it ought
to be ; but why should the mother of our girls—generally by
far the most unselfish and self-sacrificing of all members of
the family—become an object for detraction because one of
them marries.’ If her husband ill-treats her, it is natural
enough indeed that hr should detest, her would-be defender:
but why should the world at large join hands with the brute.’
I have had some experience of mankind, and paid an unusual
attention (from other motives besides a great natural polite¬
ness) to my fellow creatures, and I believe in mothers, whether
their daughters are married or single. The prejudice against
them is as false as it is vulgar ; and what is very hard on them,
I notice that in works of fiction, even by the best writers, step¬
mothers (often just and fair-minded persons, no doubt, lmt who
have many temptations to be otherwise) are habitually
described as mothers-in-Iaw.
An order in Council informs us that the provisions of the
International Copyright Convention have been extended to the
Grand Duchy of Luxemburg. This is news indeed for the
English author ; if he does not at once set up his carriage on
the strength of it, he can, at least, go to the coach-maker's and
decide on what sort of carriage it is to be. On the prospect of
the proceeds of a translation in every country on the Conti¬
nent he would, however, hitherto, have been rash to bespeak
a gig. It may be very pleasant to be rendered into a foreign
language for the first time, but that sensation wears away,
and there is little else to be got out of the experience. For a
novelist to appear in Russian is always interesting, because,
even when he sees it, he can't tell which of his novels it is; but,
of course, “ the vastest Empire in the world ” pays nobody. Poor
little Denmark, though honest enough so far as I have found,
has nothing to pay. To get a ten-pound note ent of Italy is
like getting the breeks from a Highlander ; and France,
though it has breeks, is extremely disinclined to port with
them. A Frenchman once bespoke the whole of my im¬
mortal works; the sum for each was small, bnt, on the
principle of “a reduction on taking a quantity,” I accepted
his terms. I heard nothing from him for a year, when another
Frenchman wrote to me for his address “ I hove completed
the translation of one of your novels for Monsieur D- for
fifty fninm , but cannot get bis money.” Nor could J, and I
never did. The German translator pays what he promises
you, though by no means the next day, nor even the day after;
it is not a splendid honorarium, bnt there is no saying what it
may swell to now that the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg has
joined the Convention.
One has heard of people “ weighing their words” (though
one seldom sees it put into practice) and now an Italian savant
has discovered a method of weighing thoughts. Ho began
with the hand, “ placed in a closed vessel of water, when the
change of circulation, produced by the slightest action
of the body or brain, was shown by a rise or fall in
the liquid in the narrow neck of the vessel ’’; and then
he procured a large balance for the whole human body
(what the purveyors call “a meat scale”), and found
that "even dreams send the blood to the brain sufficient
to sink the head.” He must have been exceptionally fortunate
in finding a gentleman who could dream (or even go to sleep)
in a meat scale ; but scientific people have great luck. “ The
changing pulse even told him when the person opera ted upon was
reading Italian or Greek ; the greater effort necessary in the
lat ter case seriously affecting the flow of blood." This I can easily
believe. The conjugation of a Greek irregular verb, or rather,
the failure to conjugate it, used often, I remember, to effect
that at Eton, though not exactly in the brain vessels. The
practical value of this scientific discovery has been the subject
of depreciatory remark ; but if by this process a gentleman's
thoughts can be pronounced to be “ weighty,” and he can
procure a certificate of the fact, it will save him a good deal
of trouble (and the world much weariness) in persuading other
people of it, viva voce.
Although the Americans have declined to accept, among
the blessings of civilisation, the principle of perpetual
pensions, they have invented something like it, all their
own. Instead of pecuniary compensation to the owners of
land over which they travel, the railway companies, it seems,
give free passes to them and their families. This causes the
bonds of domestic union to be considerably extended. A man
is apt to consider (when he travels) that his governess, and
his goddaughter, and even (if he is a widower) the young
woman he intends to marry when the year and day are out, to
be all members of his family. When the Boston and Provi¬
dence Railway was chartered it seems to have trusted a good
deal to its latter terminus in framing its regulations upon this
point. It is fifty years since it started, yet a lady with the
characteristic name of Dodge has just established her claim to
travel free upon it, as being the granddaughter of an original
landowner. With this travelling advantage (which is a sort of
fortune) she will, of course, marry, and in due time probably have
grandchildren of her own, and so on. and soon : in time, therefore,
it may happen that a line of railway—though passing through
a populous neighbourhood—will declare no dividends, because
half of it« passengers will be carried free. What fan it would bo
to see a meeting of shareholders on one of our railways
(always a very excitable assembly as it is) agitated by the
" Dodge ” question !
The Queen, I am glad to record, takes her cats with her
when she takes holiday ; a very reasonable proceeding, for
surely if anybody can be called a member of “ the Household,"
’tis a cat. Unfortunately what is done by Royalty, in the
social way, affects only “the best circles," or else we should
never hear, as we always do at this season, of cats left to starve
in houses which their owners have quitted to enjoy themselves
at the seaside. How can they, ran they do sol I suppose
some of them go to church or chape], or at all events (though
they don’t belong to the professional classes) profess some kind
of religion or another : but what brutes they must be! What
is worse than all, it is the housewife who is to blame in the
matter ; the dog is 11 the friend of man," and it requires a
nature above the common in the male to appreciate or even
"think about" poor pussy ; but the cat is the companion of
woman, always about her feet, if not in her lap, and this
abominable and cruel neglect con in her case hardly be the
result of thoughtlessness. Nd ; just ns the calculation of the
slave owner used to be that it was better to work his slaves to
death and buy new ones than to give them food and sleep, so
these wretches leave their cats to starve rather than pay six¬
pence a week for their maintenance! Let us hope that all the
time they are away they never sleep for caterwauling.
Caterwauling, or the music of the tiles, was at one time
thought very highly of by the Continental public. In the
French Encyclopedia (a work with a good deal of queer
information in it) one reads of an organ, played by a bear,
which enraptured the good folk of Brussels. Instead of
pipes, the instrument contained a collection of cats, each con¬
fined separately in a narrow case, with their tails held upright,
and attached to the jacks in such a manner that when the bear
touched the keys, he pulled the tails, " thereby producing a
most mellifluous mewing.” The organist had also h if tail (or
what there was of it) pulled occasionally, “ so as to form a bass
accompaniment.” This was abominally cruel, of course
(though I must say rather fnnny) ; bnt it is probable that the
cats were not personal friends of the proprietor of the organ,
nor do we read that he shut them up in his house to starve
when he had no further occasion for their services.
The thousand pounds given for the great St. Bernard dog
does not impress me so deeply as the account of his farewell to
his friends. It was really most touching, and seems to have
even moved the enterprising American gentleman who pur¬
chased the animal. The whole neighbourhood—a considerable
portion of which he had occupied himself—turned out to say
“ Good-bye " to him ; and he gave his huge paw to every child
who asked for it. His destination is, I read, the stage, on
which—and it ought to be a pretty largo one—he makes his
first appearance in “ Frits.” He will, of coarse, be the Dog of
Montargis, and make his mark in “ The Crusaders,” and I hope
he will not disgrace himself by swallowing some small actor
whom the public has declined to ewallow. And yet (if his
noble nature would permit him to stoop to it) what a splendid
Disappearance—always a most attractive incident—ho might
make by swallowing him on the sly 1 It would give another
explanation of “ his vast and wandering grave," as the poet
terms the ocean. What a fine name, too, the dog has got! how
the Fotheringays and Montmorencies of the stage sink into
insignificance beside “ Plinlimmon ” !
An American novelist, who I conclude is in the sensational
line, possesses, we are told, an inkstand made of a human
skull. “ It has silver eyelids which open by a spring, dis¬
closing two fonts in the orbits, that contain red and black
ink. This is having all things “in a concatenation accord¬
ingly ” indeed, for the production of stirring fiction. The
remains of onr fellow-creatures have been often laid under
contribution before for ornamental purposes. “ Rich and rare
were the gems she wore, a human thigh bone in her hair,”
sings the poet. A well-known musician in Paris used to pro¬
duce harmonious sounds from a highly decorated tambourine,
the parchment of which had once been a very beautiful skin.
" She sang divinely,” he would say, with tears in his eyes ;
“ and, ns I play this, her voice seems to accompany the instru¬
ment." Bnt none of these " adaptations ” seem to me so
appropriate as the author's inkstand. There is no reason why
he should not add a bone pen, and somebody's scalp to wipe it
on, to his writing materials. Then the only thing wanting to
perfect completeness would be that the skull should be that
of an inhabitant of Paternoster-row.
A much debated question just now is how yon can pay a
professional gentleman for his services with the least shock to
both your delicacies of mind. Some are for a genial bluffness
with physicians and others ; you pull your purse out with a
•• guffaw," and observe that " short reckonings make long
friends"; others hide the fee under the inkstand or some¬
where. and leave the doctor to *• seek ” for it, as if he were a
retriever ; others put it in the palm of their hand, and try to
make it stick to that of the medical gentleman on taking
leave, a plan that presupposes that he is not in very good
health himself. A fashionable physician, of whom I ventured
to ask whether patients ever went away from his consulting-
room without paying, replied, “ Well, not exactly without
paying; but I hare had four lozenges, neatly done up in paper,
given to me instead of two guineas.” It so happened that he
was a throat doctor, which I thought (though I didn't tell him
so) made the mistake very appropriate. It is easy, of course,
to cheat the doctor, but difficult to curtail his fee. There is a
story of one who took his two guineas a visit with such excessive
perseverance that the patient's wife resolved at last to give him
but one. On receiving it he instantly fell upon all fours and
felt about the floor. "Has anything been lost" murmured
the patient. " Yes. Sir ; a guinea," responded the physician.
And. rather than have a row by the bedside, the poor lady had
to feign to have made a mistake.
FOREIGN NEWS.
A banquet was given at the Hotel Continental, Paris, on Aug. 23,
to celebrate the fiftieth birthday of the Comte de Paris, at
which covers were laid for 300. Many well-known Royalists
were present, including the Marquis De Beauvoir and
MM. Haussonville and Ferdinand Duval.—The French Naval
Manoeuvres have commenced by an order to the Commnnder-
in-Chief of the Fifth Naval District at Toulon for the immedi¬
ate mobilisation of the fleet forming the Second-Class Reserve.
The order refers to eight ironclads, three despatch-boats, and
all the torpedo-boats available, and a squadron of six ironclads
from Algiers is to join them.—M De Chcvreul entered his
103rd year on Aug. 28.
King Humbert arrived at Forli on Aug. 28 to witness the
military manoeuvres in the Romagna. At all the stations
through which the Royal train passed, his Majesty, who was
accompanied by the Prince of Naples, met with a most
enthusiastic welcome.
On Aug. 23 the Queen Regent of Spain, attended by a
brilliant staff of generals and officers, inaugurated a powerful
new fort which for the last four years military engineers have
been constructing on the heights of San Marcos, situated
between San Sebastian and Irun and the French frontier.
The position is of immense military importance.
Under the personal direction of Emperor William the mili¬
tary manoeuvres between Spandau and Potsdam on Ang. 21
resulted in the former garrison being driven from their fort¬
ified positions. Both the Emperor and the Crown Prince of
Greece bivouacked during the night, although the weather
was very rainy. The Emperor went on the -3rd to Sonnen-
burg, near Custrin, to witness the investiture of his brother,
Prince Henry, and of other candidates, with the Order of
St. John. The ceremony was performed by Prince Albrecht
of Prussia, Regent of the Duchy of Brunswick The Emperor
held another military inspection, and subsequently gave several
audiences.—King George of Greece arrived in Berlin on Aug. 27
from St. Petersburg. He was received by his son, the Crown
Prince, the Greek Envoy, the Municipal and other dignitaries, and
escorted to the Old Palace, where he was the Emperor’s guest.
About noon his Hellenic Majesty, with his son, went to Pots¬
dam to visit the three Empresses. The German Emperor went
on Aug. 27 to Dresden to visit the King of Saxony, with whom
he drove through the city, which was gaily decorated. A
loyal address was presented by the Burgomaster on behalf
of the inhabitants. The Empress Frederick received the
Crown Prince of Greece on Aug. 23. Next day her Majesty-
left Berlin for a few days’ visit to Count Munster at his seat
in Hanover.
The Queen of Portugal left Vienna on Aug. 22 for Wild
Gastein. The King left in the evening for Ernstbrunn,
in Lower Austria, on a visit to Prince Reuss.—The sixteenth
International Grain Market was opened in Vienna on the 27th,
when representatives from all the countries in Europe attended
at the Cornhall.
Signor Crispi left Friedricbsruh on Aug. 23. He was
accompanied to the railway-carriage by Prince Bismarck, and
the parting was very cordial. The interview between Prince
Bismarck and Signor Crispi has been followed up by one
between the Italian Minister and Count Kalnoky at Eger. The
two Statesmen seem to have met at the railway-station, and to
have discussed the affairs of Europe over a dinner at a
neighbouring hotel. On the 2fith, Signor Crispi arrived at
Milan, and proceeded at once to Monza to confer with King
Humbert.
The Inland Navigation Congress held its final sitting at
Frankfort-on-the-Main on Aug. 23. The next congress will
meet at Manchester in 1890.
Despatches received from North Africa disclose a terrible
state of affairs in Morocco. The Emperor, it appears, has been
wreaking a fierce and uncontrolled revenge upon his rebel
subjects for their recent slaughter of his cousin Prince Mulcy
and his e scort.
The Czar, accompanied by his son, the Grand Dnkc Michael
Alexandrovitch, and the Grand Duke Alexis Alexandrovitcb,
left St. Petersburg on Ang. 2fi for Iljinskoje. the country scat
of the Grand Duke Sergius Alexandrovitch, situated near
Moscow. The Grand Duke Sergius and his consort and the Grand
Duke Paul Alexandrovitch arrived there the same day. The
Empress left Peterhof on the 23th forGmiinden. Austria, accom¬
panied by the Heir Apparent and the Grand Duchess Xenia, on a
visit to her Majesty's sisters. Her Majesty was cordially
welcomed at the railway station. Vienna, by the Grown Prince
and Princess of Austria.—The Emperor has given 23.0n0
roubles for distribution among the distressed families of Orsk,
burnt out by the recent fires.—The christening of the newly-
born son of the King and Queen of the Hellenes took place on
the 23rd in the Russian Imperial Castle at Pavlovsk, the
infant Prince receiving the name of Christopher. The
Imperial Russian family, the members of the Court, and many-
high functionaries attended.
President Cleveland has addressed a message to the United
States Congress, in which he says that, ns they have refused to
second his efforts to end the differences with Canada in respect
to the fisheries by diplomatic methods, he has no resource left
but to ask for powers to enforce a retaliatory- policy.
Sir John Macdonald has visited Nova Scotia and Cape
Breton Island, being most cordially received everywhere.
The Board of Trade have awarded a binocular glass to
Captain P. Marconi, master of the Italian barque Savina, of
Genoa, in acknowledgment of his kindness and humanity to
the shipwrecked crew of the barque Jane Maria, of Ayr, which
was wrecked in the North Atlantic on July 12.
A treasure-chamber has been found in the rear of some un-
occnpied premises, situated between the new carriage bazaar
in Long-acrc and Arkell's coachbuilding works. The place
has long been empty, and. with the view of making some
structural alterations, workmen have been recently set to work.
In demolishing a thick party wall, the men laid hare achamber
which waR filled with an immense quantity of plate, watches,
and jewellery, the value of which is considerable. Many of
the articles, which were black with age. were also partly fused,
evidently from the action of great heat. It has been ascer¬
tained that the place was occupied, many years ago, by a jeweller
and refiner, named Armstrong, and during his tenancy was
destroyed by fire, the occupants being burned to death.
The rejoicings in celebration of Lord Dudley's majority,
which began recently on his Worcestershire estates, were re¬
sumed on Aug 2.3 on his Merionethshire estates at Landrilly.
He was enthusiastically received by his tenantry, and at a
dinner, at which about Siwi were present, he was presented by
the tenants with an illustrated address and a Welsh Bible. On
the 27th rejoicings were resumed in Staffordshire, whore his im¬
portant mining and other industries find employment for
several thousand people. Addresses were presenter! to Lord
Dudley, who drove, accompanied by the Countess of Dudley
and members of tho family, to Brierly Hill, where the local
authorities received them. At night a county ball was held at
Himley.
SEPT. 1. 1888
THE ILLUSTEATED LONDON NEWS
243
THE QUEEN AT GLASGOW, RENFREW,
AND PAISLEY :
CORPORATION GIFTS.
The Municipal Corporations of three ancient “ Burghs ” of
Scotland—the Royal Burgh and great city
of Glasgow, the Royal Burgh of Renfrew,
which gives a title to the eldest son of the
Sovereign, and Paisley, which celebrated
i the 400th anniversary of its municipal
y charter on the day of her Majesty’s visit—
' presented loyal Addresses to the Queen, in
the manner related in our account of the
proceedings on Aug. 22 and Aug. 23. The
gold casket in which the Glasgow Corpor¬
ation Address was contained, and the gold
key presented to her Majesty at the opening
of the new Municipal Buildings of Glasgow,
were manufactured by Messrs. Robert and
William Sorley, jewellers, gold and silver
smiths, and watchmakers, of I, Buchanan-
street and 136, Argyle-street, in that city.
In the front of the casket, which is of
oblong shape, the central place is occupied
by a representation, in chased work, of the
new Municipal Buildings, with two side
designs, one representing Railway Traffic
and the other Shipping. At the back of
the casket is a view of the Glasgow Exhi¬
bition building. At one end is the < 'ollege ;
at the other, the University of Glasgow.
At the four corners are modelled figures
op xiowiirxinrAFi personifying Art, Science. Commerce, and
bl'HjImnus,Glasgow. Agriculture. On the lid are the Arms of
Glasgow, the Royal Arms, and the Scottish Lion and Shield,
in high relief, in polished and dead or frosted gold. The
casket is inclosed in a case of green velvet, that being the
customary colour for Glasgow Corporation presentations.
There is also a casket of silver, overlaid with pure gold,
designed and made by Messrs. George Edward and Sons, of the
Poultrv, London. This is quite different in shape from any
casket hitherto presented to her Majesty in this country, the
design having been suggested by one of the Indian caskets
among her Majesty's Jubilee presents, now on view at the
Glasgow Exhibition. It is cylindrical in form, richly chffood
with runic ornamentation, and studded witl.i Scotch stones
from the various counties in Scotland. The Royal Arms are
chased at one end. the Glasgow Anns at the other end. and in
the centre is a lion supporting a shield with the Royal mono¬
gram *• V.R.” in relief; the whole is surmounted with the
regalia. The casket rests on four upright supports of < vine
form, standing on a military red velvet base, at the corners of
which are four figures representing four of the most illustrious
Scottish regiments. The whole is contained in a handsome
oak case lined with satin.
-wldb
PAISLEY ABBEY.
Since July 24, 1617, when James Sixth of Scotland and First
of England came to honour Lord Claud Hamilton, no visit has
been paid to this venerable abbey of the Benedictines by the
ruling Sovereign of those isles. The ruin, nevertheless, as a
monument of Stuart piety, has a close association with the
Royal house ; and her Majesty, on Aug. 23, in visiting its
precincts, has but renewed a connection dating back seven
hundred years. For it was by Walter, first of the Stuart race,
that the abbey was founded in 1163 ; and under the flagstones
of its mouldering pavement lies many a bearer of the Royal
name.
When David I. returned from England after the Battle of
the Standard in 1111. he took with him the young scion of
a Shropshire house, whom presently he endowed with lands
in Renfrewshire, and made Lord High Steward of Scotland.
And when the latter, twenty-two years later, founded this
abbey church upon his lands, he brought to inhabit it monks
of the order of Cltigny from Wenloo in his native county.
From his office, made hereditary presently by David’s successor
came the name of Steward or Stuart; and heads of the family
were commanders at the fields of Largs and Bannockburn.
To Walter, the sixth Steward, who took part in the
latter battle, King Robert the Bruce gave his daughter,
Marjory, in marriage ; and it was through this Princess that
the Stuart race inherited the throne. The
founder of the family, though he died at
Melrose, had been hurled here, with most of
his succeeding line; and when Princess
Marjory, after a single short year of married
life, expired in Renfrew Castle, close bv, they
laid her in the Abbey among her husband's kin.
She left a child, however, and he it was who,
after the death of The Bruce's onlv son, ascended
the Scottish throne as Robert II. Frail
enough, therefore, once was the chance that
set the crown upon the head of the long-suc¬
ceeding line which sways the sceptre at tb<
present day in the person of her MajesU
a. Li the abbev here lies th
■th More. King Robert 11.
THE COURT.
The Queen’s visit to Glasgow (of which an account is given on
another page) was brought to a close on Friday, Aug. 24, late
on which day her Majesty and Princess Beatrice (Princess
Henry of Batten berg), accompanied by the Grand Duke and her
Grand Ducal Highness Princess Alice of Hesse, left Blyth6-
wood, and travelled by the Glasgow and South-Western
Caledonian and Deeside Railway to Ballater, arriving at
the castle at 9.20 next morning. A guard of honour
■was furnished by the Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders
at Ballater, under the command of Captain Davidson.
Princess Margaret and Prince Arthur of Connaught, together
with the children of Prince and Princess Henry of Batten-
berg, arrived at the castle on Aug. 23. General Viscount
Bridport, K.C.B., the Hon. Rosa Hood, and Miss Bauer, also
arrived at the castle at the same time, having travelled with
Queen Vjetori
dust of Eliznbi
while he was
that of Eupin
death at Rothes
- ■ ■ ■ ■
tu>h l
liis Quet
-oil i
And hen
pirn
i fat hi
’ the
? tin*
l:\Uei
lie high a
last Lord of the
broken-brar-ied .V
>. upon his
r laid the remains of Robert III.,
it's. No rablet marks the resting-
1 hi t it is known that somewhere
afterwards the great Earl of Ross,
i buried, repose the ashes of the
ing-pla.
\MmM ; III
%—a*
GOLD CASKET OF GLASGOW CORPORATION ADDRESS.
the Royal children. The Queen drove out on the 25th, accom¬
panied by Princess Beatrice and Princess Alice of Hesse.
Princess Frederica (Baroness Pawcl-Rammingen) visited her
Majesty. The Grand Duke of Ilesse rode out, attended by
Colonel YVcrnher. Colonel YVernher had the honour of dining
with the Queen and Royal family. Sunday, the 26th, was the
anniversary of the birthday of the lamented Prince Consort ;
and on the 27th the gentlemen in attendance on the Queen and
Royal family, and the servants and tenants of the Balmoral,
Abergeldie, ami Birkhall estates, assembled at the Obelisk at
noon, and drank to the memory of the Prince Consort.—The
Queen has written to Sir James King. Lord Provost of Glasgow,
expressing her great gratification at. the very cordial and loyal
reception accorded to her by the citizens of Glasgow on her
recent visits to that city.—The Queen has expressed her readi¬
ness to become a patroness of the YY’elsh National Eisteddfod,
to be held next rear at Brecon ; and her Majestv has sent the
Lord Mayor of London -C50 in aid of the fund for the relief of
the sufferers by the recent Moods in the Isle of Dogs.
al vi-ii juM over m-ulU
of ill.* Sovereign, , na de
'atnily had broil frequent
. mi» -in tlii* departure
The King of the Belgians left C’bai
ml.
on Aug. 2$
A meeting of the Plenipotentiaries to the Sugar Bounties
Conference took place on Aug. 2S at the Foreign Office, under
the presidency of Baron Henry De Worms, when the text of
the convention was finally adopted.
Police-Constable. Mark Jenkins. 185 L. and Police-Constable
Herbert Wright, 259 L. are to receive LiOcach from the Police
Reward Fund for their bravery in capturing a burglar at King
Henry Y' l [ 1. public-house. Lambeth; and they are to be pro¬
moted from third to first-class constables, which promotion
carries an increase of pay at the rate of i* 15 12s. per annum.
The marriage of the Bishop Suffragan of Leicester, Arch¬
deacon Francis Henry Thickncsse. to Agnes Beatrice Jane,
fourth daughter of the Rev. Marsham Argles, Rector of Bad-
nock. and residentiary Canon of Peterborough, took place at,
Bad nock mi Aug. 2<. The Bishop of Salisbury, who was
attended by the Rev. George Argles. Canon of York, the bride's
her, ami the Rev. B. Egerton, Vicar of Brnckley. performed
the (
The Australia!
iekot team have suffered t
:■ defeats.
The gold la¬
the. now Muni
hall-marked, w
the buildings, ?
Glasgow.
The gold ca,
Ren
inlding-c w
nod bv Mr.
made by .Y
It
with "the Stuart Arms to t
Burgh of Renfrew to tl
Sword, and Sceptre ; the 1
of Celtic pattern, surrom
the back is the Blythswm
Townlmlls on each side ;
and a large Atlantic liner
polished gold, and wmlern
ornamentation of pure (’<
pebbles inlaid, these -ton
Bi( Jes are dead gold, with
lined with silk of the JR
red morocco covered ease.
The casket of the V;
specimen of silversmiths
ced by the Goldsi
vurk, .-.jmplr liu
lt -.-v Goldsmiths' and Silversi:
1 *2. Regent-street, London. Its form is i
corners are fluted pillars, standing on m
relict. The front lias the Royal'Anns
emblematic panels on each side, richly elm-
i'lv reverse shows the Hnrjrh Art
anil the Fountain Hanlons. '1 he
relief with views of the Al.liev nr
snrmonnted bv the Iloyal frowt
ornamental panel, beari'n-r an in
of the lid are delicately embossed
tracery.
ends art- embos.-ed in hi:
d the Town-hall. The lid
, and has on the front
script ion. The other pain
vi th thistles and ornamen
The bass-drum used at the battle of Waterloo, whip
at the Glasgow Exhibition, and which was shown i,
' illustrations, is exhibited bv .Messrs George Pot
AWershott, manufacturers of military musical
thehV rhey . ha , Te P 1 "** 1 on view an effective assort
including the kettle-drums fitted ivit
tKiTwT"? a PP arat " s - which have gained high a
exhibit V cr,0 ° ™ laid on the top of their
l Was ™ a ' Ie b J the grandfather of the pret
bdnll ~r ter ’ j nd was given baek t0 the firm some vt
ng a 16110 “d memorial of their long-established bn
l- 111 m hi rin u
elrenham bv Gloucestershire by eight
ystal Palace by the Eleven of England by
>rd, Surrey won the match against York¬
shire by an innings and 228 Tuns; and at Taunton. Somerset¬
shire defeated Hampshire by ten wickets. The two days
match at Lord’s between M.C.C. and Northamptonshire ended
in a draw in favour of the county. The match at Kennington
Oval between Leicestershire and Surrey resulted in favour of
the home county by nine wickets. At Maidstone, Yorkshire
urn sous. -St. MirrenV in recent
avc come to vaunt the names of
1 nf (’llristoplier North, almost to
of that of Stuart ; and there must
be many who every day pass by the ruined
abbey pile who have turned no thought to the
dust that lies within its shade. The late visit
of tier Majesty, however, will have brought many half-
forgotten facts to fresh notice, and will have recalled to
imagination not a few curious memories of the place s early
history and associations. G. E.-T.
Mr. Robert Anderson. LL.D., barrister-at-law, has been
appointed Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis,
in the room, of Mr. James Monro, C.B., resigned.
GOLD CASKET OF PAISLEY CORPORATION ADDRESS.
beat Kent by 51 runs, and the match between Lancashire and
Notts, at Manchester, ended in a draw. The Cheltenham week
concluded with the defeat of Gloucestershire by Middlesex by
an innings and 33 runs. At Taunton, .Somersetshire beat
Essex by three wickets. The two days’ match at Lord s
between M.C.C. and Hull Town Club was drawn ; and the
match at Southampton between Hants and Essex ended in
a draw.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 1, 1888 — 244
THE QUEEN’S VISIT TO GLASGOW.—SKETCHES BY OUR SPECIAL ARTISTS.
ARRIVAL OF THE QUEEN AT T1IE FRIVATE STATION AT BLYTHSWOOD.
SIR ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL READING ADDRESS TO THE QUEEN IN THE EXHIBITION.
THE QUEEN ENTERING BUCHANAN-STREET FROM ST. ENOCH-SQUABE.
THE QIEEX’S VISIT TO GLASGO W.— SKETCHES BY OUR
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON’ NEWS, Seit. 1, 1888—245
THE QUEEN RECEIVING AN ADDRESS OF THE CORPORATION AT THE NEW MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS, GLASGOW. THE QUEEN'S ARRIVAL AT QUEEN MARGARET'S COLLEGE FOR LADIES, GLASGOW.
246
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 1, 1888
BLYTHSWOOD, VISITED BY THE QUEEN.
Built iu 1820. the present mansion-house of Blythsvvood is a
handsome edifice, and looks best when seen from the river
Clyde; it is situated in the midst of a well-wooded park, at the
confluence of the rivers Cart and Clyde. It has a fine entrance
on the east side, where a portico of white freestone breaks the
straight line of the building. The proportions of the house on
the outside, and the apartments in the interior, have been very
much admired by architects. Within, there is a large entrance-
hall and a sculpture gallery, filled with some very fine statues
and busts in white marbie. The reception-rooms open one
into another, between marble pillars, having an agreeable
and elegant effect. The view from the Queen's private apart¬
ments, on the south-west side, is very grand : the whole valley
of the Clyde towards the Argyleshire mountains, with the
various vessels of all sizes sailing on the busy river, the
Kilpatrick ranges to the north, and the distant spires and
domes of Paisley to the Bouth, complete a very lovely scene.
The property was originally called Rcnfield, hut was
changed by the builder of the present mansion to Blythswood,
the name of the more valuable property belonging to Sir
Archibald Campbell, upon which the west end of Glasgow is
built. The Campbells have held the property since 1047, when
it first came into the possession of Colin Campbell of Elie, who
was descended from the Ardkinglass branch of the Argyle
family ; the first of that family being Colin, brother to Duncan,
first Lord of Argyle, in the fifteenth century. The present
Sir Archibald Campbell is of the family of Douglas of Mains,
in the neighbouring county, who, as heirs of entail, assumed
the name and arms of Campbell, in 1838, at the death of the
then holder of the property. They had intermarried so early
as 1701 with the Campbells. The lands of Mains have been
held by the family of Douglas since 1373 ; they were of the
Douglases of Dalkeith, now represented by the Earls of
Morton. A peerage was granted to a member of the family,
Robert Douglas of Mains, as Viscount Belhaven, in 1633 ; bnt
the title became extinct. Sir Archibald Campbell is descended
fronj the elder brother of the Viscount. Sir Alexander Douglas.
Blythswood was honoured in 1876 by the presence of
the Prince and Princess of Wales, with their two sons, and, in
1874 and 1882, by that of the Duke of Albany, who was
accompanied by the Duchess.
We give Views of Blythswood and of scenes around it;
the junction of the Cart with the Clyde, at the foot of the
park ; the view, from the Queen’s bed-room, of the valley of
the Clyde ; and one showing the late Duke of Albany's tree,
FRIENDS.
In his •• Epistle to Joseph Hill " Cowper quaintly versifies a
joke, which is. to say the least, of somewhat musty flavour.
A servant asks leave of his master to go out—just a step, he
explains—in fact, only to the end of the street. “ What for ! ”
iuquires the master. ‘‘An please you, Sir, to see a friend.’’
“ A friend 1 " exclaims his master, with melodramatic start;
“ yes, thou shalt, indeed ! A friend ! Go, fetch my cloak,
For, though the night be raw,
I ’ll sec him, too the first I ever saw."
Cowper, at all events, was the last man who should have
indulged in this sorry quip, for he found, in the depth of his
anguish, many a loyal friend who steadied his tottering steps
and bound up his bleeding wounds. And, to do him justice,
he has, on more than one occasion, expressed, with frank
sincerity, his debt of gratitude. The jest is, as I have said,
of somewhat mnsty flavour. It can be traced back to
the Greeks, and even to a remoter antiquity, for the
Preacher himself moralises on the emptiness of friends and
friendship. Yet, like most popular prejudices, it is, as
all of us know, without a solid basis. No man is so
unfortunate as to be completely friendless ; or, as Mr. Long-
fellow puts it. no heart is so utterly desolate but some other
heart responds to it. Even Napoleon’s iron egotism gave way
before his attachment to Duroc. As for the higher natures—
the finer spirits, which are naturally alive to the broader and
loftier issue's of humanity—these speedily discover and lay
hold upon their comrades, their brothers-in-arms, their “ other
solves.” David and Jonathan, Paul and A polios. Cicero and
Atticus — these are old examples of felicitous friendships.
Grave-browed Dante emerges from the mingled gloom and
radiance of his vision—Milton puts aside his early dreams of im¬
mortal fame—to touch the warm hand of a friend. One cannot
mention Sir Philip Sidney without thinking of Fulke Greville,
or of Spenser without Raleigh, or of Gray without Mason, or
of Edmund Ilarke without Hilaries James Fox. Milton has his
‘•Lyeidas” ; Tennyson his - In Memorinm." And we, we smaller
men, rejoice rn those most true, most loyal, and most generous
friends, in whom, we know, we can place our trust without
hesitation or reserve. Why, it is the kindly heart of unselHsh
friendship which does so much to lighten the pressure of
adverse circumstance, of unprosperous fortune; which makes
life wolcomor and more tolerable to each of us. When the
stormy winds “do blow,” and the rains beat oil our un¬
covered heads, and the spirit of evil is abroad, how we rejoice
in the shelter afforded by the faithfulness of our friend ! " A
friend in need." says the old proverb, "is a friend in deed"—
and I thank God that" the need ” seldom conies without bringing
*• the friend.' I have no patience with those unjust aspersions
against human nature, which, in spite of much moral and
intellectual degradation, retains,
after all. some likeness to it:
tab If there be nin
Divi
claim the right to call »,ir man
his friend, surely it is liis own
fault or folly which has brought
him to such a pass.
Alas, the saddest things in the
pathway traced bv our departed
years are the memorial-stones that
tell of friends who have guiie
before us. There is such a pure,
disinterested, elevar.-d iov in a true
In love we find a soul
ness, but friendship ha
the pledge of Da
JUNCTION OP THE CART AMD CLYDE AT THE FOOT OF THE BLYTHSWOOD
planted in 1882, with another tree planted by the Duchess of
Albany. The village church of Incbinnan, near which Archi¬
bald, Earl of Argyll, was captured in disguise, in 1685, is shown
in another Illustration. In the churchyard are some interesting
tombstones of the ancient Knights, carefully preserved by the
owner of Blythswood.
Her Majesty, in driving throngh Bly’thswood Park, saw the
spot where Qneen Margaret of Scotland was killed by falling
from her horse, aad other places with historical associations of
some interest.
do all this ! —which is capable of that glorious relation be¬
tween two souls known as friendship l
I find it stated that we do not choose our friends ; that like
all God's blessings, they come unsought. But there can be no
accident or haphazard in the formation of a living and sub¬
stantial friendship. There must be something in the one
member of the companionship that there is not th the other.
I do not believe in the friendship of "equals” or of “likes."
The intercourse may be begun by trivial incidents—a touch—
a word—a glance—which reveals a common sympathy or an
existing want; but it can be kept up only by the discovery on
either side of indispensable attributes. It is essential that the
one should look tip, and the other look down: that the one
should seek protection and the other afford it. I do not
actually find that men absolutely identical in tastes and
character, or similar and equal in gifts, “ foregather,” as
the Scotch say; there is a stronger polarity in “contrast.”
The beautiful friendship of Keats and Severn, or of General
Nicholson and Sir Herbert Edwardes. or of Charles Lamb and
George Dyer, was the friendship between men who had
important points of difference. " For mine own part,” says
Mark Antony, I shall be glad to learn of noble men; ”
and that is the spirit in which we must endeavour to
decide our friendships. We must take care that our friend is
stronger and better than ourself ; that so he may command
our respect as well as our affection. Then that higher nature
will lean towards our weakness, and be attracted by it. deriving
its happiness from the strength and support it supplies, juBt
as the deepest gratification of maternal love is found in supply¬
ing the necessities of infancy. This seems to me the under¬
lying principle of an enduring friendship—an endearing attach¬
ment of soul to soul, and heart to heart. A man seeks and
finds in his friend all that he does not in himself possess, but
most desires—“the other half of his soul,” to adopt the old
Platonic fancy. The despondent spirit seeks the brighter, the
feeble falls back upon the more robust, the slow and cold is
drawn towards the quick and ardent. Thus it is that
William III. clasps hands with Ben ti nek. William Pitt with
George Canning, Charles James Fox with Edmund Burke. The
chief joy one has in one’s friend lies in this, that through him
that which, is not ours becomes ours ; and the chief gratitude
which we owe to him is a gratitude for the sublime unselfish¬
ness with which he gives us of his best, knowing that in return
we can give him only of our poorest. W. H. D.-A.
THE DAIRY FARMS OF DENMARK.
A great deal of attention has lately been attracted to the agri¬
culture of Denmark, mainly because of the great prosperity of
the dairy industry of that country : but it has been reserved
for Consul Inglis to present English readers with the most
only o
love.
It has always appeared to me that man's capacity for
friendship is a striking proof of the soul's fitness for im¬
mortality, because it means a capacity for the loftiest thoughts,
the deepest feelings, the finest
sympathies, and the bravest deeds.
For what does a man ask of his
friend ? First, to sustain him in
*•' high and noble thoughts, raising
liis spirits, and adding to his
courage,” till he outdoes himself.
Next, to keep constantly before
his eyes the ideal of the perfect
life, and to do his utmost to
make him or enable him to realise
it. Further, to be ever ready, at
demand, to supply him with the
qualities of justice, punctuality,
fidelity, and pity. A man wants
of his friend that he shall
strengthen him in his worthiest
purposes, and persuade him out of
all his faults and failings ; that
he shall inspire and confirm in
him the love of truth, purity, and
honour; that he shall give him
faithful warning when he is stray¬
ing from the right path, and aid
him with manly encouragement
when his knees are feeble. And,
more, that when sorrows come
and trials, he shall be at hand to
console and support, with sym¬
pathy as well as with assistance.
A faithful friend, saj's an old
writer, is the medicine of life.
“ The end of friendship,” says Emerson. “ is a commerce
th e most strict and homely that can be joined; more
strict than any of which we have experience. It is for
aid and comfort through all the relations and passages
of life and death. It is fit for serene days, and graceful gifts,
and country rambles ; but also for rough roads and hard fare,
shipwreck, poverty, and persecution. Wo are to dignify to
each other the daily needs and offices of man’s life, and em-
be’liah it by courage, wisdom, and unity.” Surely there
must be something divine in the humanity which can be and
which has yet
appeared”, as it contains illustrations of the interior of a Danish
dairy factory and the principal machines used therein, as well
as tables giving details of winter feeding, milk yield and
price, and cost of production in twenty-three large dairies.
Most of the information appears to have been obtained from a
report written by M. Boggild, who says the number of cows in
the country is 1)00,000. As the population is only 2,000,000
there are forty-five cows to each hundred people, which we find
is the largest ratio of which any country in the world can boast.
We have recently referred to the large exports of butter from
Denmark, and to the system of dairy-teaching adopted in that
country. The report before us is concerned chiefly with thedairy
factories, about 200 of which, dealing with the milk from 5000
to 0000 cows per day, arc conducted on co-operative principles.
In this and in the system of instruction in private dairies we
have the secret of the great success of the dairy interest in
Denmark. The rules of one of the co-operative dairies are given,
and they show the minute care which is exercised in those
institutions and imposed on the farmers who supply the milk.
Having ascertained the most profitable scale of diet for cows,
the association insists on their members adopting it, and,
in order to encourage them to feed their cows well, payment
for milk is in proportion to cream yielded—cream of a given
standard no donbt. The principal foods given to the cows
in winter are clover hay, meadow hay, mangolds, carrots,
turnips, corn, bran, oil-cake, and palm-cake. The proportions
vary ; but the average weight of corn, cake, and bran per
cow per day in twenty-three dairies is Gib. Turnips are not
used in half the dairies, and in most instances where these
roots are given the quantity is small. All but six use man¬
golds and carrots, and all but three hay, both kinds of food
being supplied liberally. The average cost of producing 100 lb.
of milk in the twenty-three dairies comes out at 4s. 2£d., or
almost exactly 5$d. per imperial gallon. Apparently this
refers to the cost of food only; but, of course, it would be
much less in summer.
In London in the week ending Aug. 25 2401 births and 1438
deaths were registered. Allowing for increase of population,
the births were 300, and the deaths 115, below the average
numbers in the corresponding weeks of the last ten years.
Mr. John Redmond, M.P., Mr. William Redmond, M.P., and
Mr. Edward Walsh, editor of the Wexford People, a Nationalist
paper, were arrested on Aug. 27. and remanded on bail, on
charges connected with a recent eviction in the county of
Wexford. Father Kennedy, of Meelin, county of Cork, was
arrested the same day.
SEPT. 1. 1*88
247
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
FATAL BALLOON ACCIDENT.
Mr. Simmons, the well-known aeronaut, was killed on Mom lav.
Aug. 27, at Citing. near Maldon, in Essex. l»y an accident
with his large balloon, the Cosmo, which had ascended that
nfrerapon from the Olympia grounds, West Kensington, where
the Tri>h Exhibition is held. He was accompanied in the car.
withau intention of crossing the sea to Flanders aud Germany,
field on the opposite side of the road. It immediately rose and
again descended in the same spot with great force. It is certain
that the balloon humped the earth a third time, and some of
the men who had rnn to the place state that it rose and fell n
fourth time, hut upon this point there is some doubt. How¬
ever. it was on the third or fourth rise that the final disaster—
the collapse of the balloon itself—occurred. The blacksmith,
who. with two other men, had hurried from his forge to the
at Widdington, in Essex. Two years later, in March. 18*2,
the deceased, accompanied by Colonel Brine, of the Royal
Engineers, ascended from Canterbury, with the intention
of crossing to France. The adventurers passed over Shak-
spoare's Cliff. Dover, at an elevation of only ft., and
nil went well until the balloon was a distance of five miles
from land : here the wind dropped, and for n time the balloon
remained stationary. After a while the wind turned to the
TIIE I.ATE MR. SIMMOVS, THE AF-RONAIT,
Killiil by ill ? hullooti AecMeut uiur M.iWI<ui, Kt>*ex.
by Mr. \\\ L. Field, of West Brighton, and Mr. Myers, of the
Natural History Museum. South Kensington, both of whom
had made previous voyages. After leaving Olympia shortly
after half-past three o'clock, the balloon passed over Romford,
Brentwood, ingatestone. and Chelmsford, and all went well
until the descent at Citing at about a quarter-past five. Mr.
Simmons had resolved to descend ami anchor for the night, as
the seacoast was in sight. Some labourers at work in the fields
at. Citing (a hamlet of small houses midway between Witham
and Maldon, about three miles from either) saw the balloon
coming at a good speed from the south-west. It was then rapidly
nearing the earth, and at New House Farm, a short distance
away, the occupants were observed to throw out some sand. At
this time the grapnel was dragging, as some of the barley in
a field that the balloon passed over was torn up. At the edge
of this barley-field, immediately touching the high road, are
the three elm-trees which are *up|»oscd to have been the cause
of the accident. They stand about fifteen feet from one
another, and arc about thirty feet in height. On the balloon
rising from over the barley-field, the grapnel caught in the
first of the trees, tearing one of the upper branches. The iron
held firm, and the balloon, rising to the length of the cable,
was blown with a violent orash to the earth, landing in a corn¬
From a Photograph by Mr. W. W. Gladwin, of Maldon
other side of the corn-field, and had endeavoured to hold on to
the rope hnngittg from the car, states that the balloon hurst
with a loud report when it was up in the nir. the silk blew
about over the field, and then the car and its occupants fell
like a stone. The spot where the car fell for the hist time
being practically the same as that which it first touched,
wonld seem to show that each time tho balloon rose and fell
in an almost straight line. The balloon, which was unusually
large, being capable of containing 1*2,000 ft. of gas.
wing power of 24 c
would have been the
i into several distinct p
e network* and was r> ft
< not ripped with one large rent,
s if caught by the tree, hut was
*s. The car was composed of iron
diameter. When it reached the
ground for the last time, it was entirely beaten and battered out
of shape, some of the seats being displaced, while its connection
with the balloon was severed. The whole of the terrible scene
only occupied about two minutes, and the labourers were
soon able to set to work to extricate
the unfortunate men. They had literally
to cut their way to the
car, and found the occu-
pants lying insensible
in n heap. Mr. Myers
was on the top. with
Mr. Field beneath, and
Mr. Simmons at the
bottom of the car. A
messenger at once
started on a bicycle to
bring medical help, and
31 r. G uttcridge. surgeon,
and his son drove over
from Maldon. arriving
about six o’clock. Mr.
Simmons was quite in¬
sensible : he died about
nine o'clock without
having recovered con¬
sciousness. The base of
e skull was fractu
bruises on the chest. Mr.
Field was lying with his
right thigh fractured.
31 r. Myers received a
severe shaking, and has
suffered other injuries.
3Ir. Simmons had
had a ballooning ex¬
perience of thirty years,
and made 4113 ascents.
He succeeded on three
occasions in crossing to
the Continent in a bal¬
loon. but was twice
rescued in the Channel
from very perilous situ¬
ations. In 1875 he as¬
cended from Cremorne
Gardens with De Groof,
the Belgian “ flying
man." De Groof en¬
deavoured to descend by
means of a parachute of
his own invention, but
fell dead in the streets.
In 1880 Simmons took
pirt in a balloon com*
petition with a number
of other well - known
a ‘ronants. Tho com-
p *ti tore started from
virions points in the
neighbourhood of Lon¬
don, and Simmons on
that occasion descended
south-west, and they found they were slowly drifting to¬
wards the North Sea. It was decided to drop into the
Channel. The two men put on their cork jackets, and the
descent was made. Simmons and his companion were
rescued by the steam-packet Foam, and taken to Dover. One
ascent that Sitnmons made took place in June. Isvj, at Maldon,
in the vicinity of the spot at which he met with his death. On
that occasion Sir Claude l)e Crespigny was his fellow-voyager.
Before the balloon rose, a gust of wind dashed the car against
a wall : Sir Claude De Crespigny was thrown out and had his
leg broken. Simmons was severely shaken ; bat the balloon
rose, going in the direction of France, and Simmons descended
near Calais. In September, 1882, Simmons crossed from
Hostings to Cherbourg, without accident. In June of last
year, Simmons made an ascent from Preston, crossed the Irish
Sea. and descended safely about seven miles inland from
Kingstown. Simmons also made ascents in India, Egypt, and
the 1*nited States. The Portrait is from a photograph by
Messrs. Fradelle and Young, Regent-street.
r&lXCttt BKATU1C
E LAt^CUIXO ll.M.S. UAUATHO.N AT TU* 1A11UIELH SlUVBfLLL
COX* AM'S YAJiD, GOV AX.
248
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 1, 1884
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.'
BY WALTER BESANT,
ON
CHAPTER XVI.
THK MARCH.
DAYBREAK, next
morning, the drums
begun to beut and the
trumpets began to
, blow, and afterbreak¬
fast the newly-raised
ny marched out in
such order ns was
possible. I have not
to write a history of
this rebellion, which
hath already been
done by able" hands;
I speak only of what
saw, ana me things with which I
as concerned.
First, then, it is true that the
de country was swiftlv put into a
lent by the Duke’s landing; and had
-C who planned the expedition provided
roper supply of arms, the army would
e quickly mustered 20,000 men, all
and capable of meeting any farce that
g mold have raised. Nay, it would
have grown and swelled as it moved. But
there were never enough arms from the outset.
Everything at first promised well for the Duke. But
there were not arms for the half of those who come in. The
spirit of the Devon and Somerset Militia was lukewarm; they ran
at Bridport. at Axminster, and nt Chard; nay, some of them
even deserted to join the Duke. There were thousands scattered
nboat the country—those, namely, who still held to the
doctrines of the persecuted ministers, and those who abhorred
the Catholic religion — who wished well and would have
joined—Humphrey kuew wellwishers by the thousand whose
names were on the lists in Holland—but how could they join
when the army was so ill-found ? And this was the principal
reason, I have been assured, why the country gentlemen,
with their following, did not come in nt first—because
there were no arms. How can soldiers fight when they
have no arms? How could the Duke have been suffered
to begin with so scanty a preparation of nrms ? Afterwards,
when Monmouth proclaimed himself King, there were, per¬
haps, other reasons why the wellwishers held aloof. Some of
them, certainly, who were known to be friends of the Duke
(among them our old friend Mr. l’ridenux, of Ford Abbey)
were arrested and thrown into prison, while many thousands
who were flocking to the standard were either turned back
upon the road or seized and thrown into prison.
As for the quality ot the troops which formed the army, I
know nothing, except that at Sedgemoor they continued to
fight valiantly nfter their lenders had fled. They were raw
troops—lucre country lads—and their officers were, for the
most part, simple tradesmen who had no knowledge of the art
of war. Dare the younger was a goldsmith; Captain lVrrot
was a dyer; ('uptniu lluekcr, a maker of serge; and so
on with all of them, it was unfortunate that Mr. Andrew
Fletcher, of Saltoun, should have killed Mr. Dare the elder on
the first day, because, ns everybody agrees, the former was the
most experienced soldier iu the whole army.
The route proposed by the Duke was known to everybody.
He intended to march through Taunton, Bridgwater, and
Bristol to Gloucester, where he thought he would be joined by
a new army raised by his friends in Cheshire. He also
reckoned on receiving adherents everywhere on the road, and
on easily defeating any force that the King should be able to
send against him. How he fared in that notable scheme is
common history.
Long before the army was ready to march, Humphrey came
to advise with us. First of all, he endeavoured to have
speech with my father, but iu vain (henceforth my father
seemed to have no thought of liis wife and daughter).
Humphrey therefore advised us to go home. “ As for your
alleged dedication to the cause,” he said, “ I think that he hath
already forgotten it, seeing that it means nothing, and that
your presence with us cannot help. Go home, then, Madam,
and let Alice persuade Robin to stay at home iu order to take
care of you.”
"Nay,” said my mother; “thatmay we not do. I must
obey my husband, who commanded us to foUow him. Whither
he gocth thither also I will follow.”
Finding that she was resolute upon this point, Humphrey
told us that the Duke would certainly march upon Taunton,
where more than half of the town were his friends. He there¬
fore advised that we should ride to that place—not following
the army but going ncross the country, most of which is a
very wild and desolate part, where we should be in no danger
except from gipsies and such wild people, lubbers and rogues,
truly, but now making the most of the disturbed state of the
country and running about the roads plundering and thieving.
But he" said he would himself provide us with a guide, one who
knew the way, and a good stout fellow, armed with a cudgel,
at least. To this my mother agreed, fearing to anger her
husband if she should’ disturb him at his work.
Humphrey had little trouble in finding the guide for us.
He was an honest lad from a place called Holford, in the
(|uuntork Hills, who, finding that there were no arms for him,
was going home again. Unhappily, when we got to Tutuitou,
lie was persuaded —partly by me, alius !—to remain. He joined
Burnaby's company, and was either killed at Sedgemoor, or was
one of those hanged nt Weston Zoyland, or Bridgwater. For
he was no more heard of.
This business settled, we went up to the churchyard in
order to sec the march of the army out of cam:). And a brave
show the gallant soldiers made.
First rode Colonel Wade with the vanguard. After them,
with a due interval, rode the greater part of the Horse,
already three hundred strong, under Lord Grey of Wark.
Among them was the company sent by Mr. Speke, of White
Laekington, forty very stout fellows, well armed and mounted
on cart-horses. The main army was composed of four regi¬
ments. The first was the Blue Regiment, or the Duke’s Own,
whose Colonel was the aforesaid Wade. They formed the van,
mid were seven hundred strong. The others' were the White,
commanded bv Colonel Foukes; the Green, by Colonel Holmes;
and the Yellow, by Colonel Fox. All these regiments were
fully armed, the men wearing favours or rosettes in their hats
aud on their arms of the colour from which their regiment was
named.
The Duke himself, who rode a great white horse, was sur¬
rounded by a small bodyguard of gentlemen (afterwards
they became a company of forty), richly dressed and well
mounted. With him were earned the colours, embroidered
•All Itijhu flntnxi.
with the words “ Pro Rcligione ct Libcrtnte.” This was the
second time that I had seen the Duke, and again I felt nt
sielit of his face the foreknowledge of coming woe. On
such nu occasion the chief should show a gallant mien aud n
face of cheerful hope. The Duke, however, looked gloomy,
and hung his head.
Truly, it seemed to me as if no force could dare so much as
to meet this great and invincible army. And certainly there
could nowhere be gathered together a more, stalwart set of
soldiers, nearly all young men, mid full of spirit. They shouted
and sang ns they marched. Presently there passed us my
brother Baruuby, with his company of the Green Regiment. 11
was easy to perceive by the handling of his arms and by his
bearing that lie was accustomed to act with others, aud already
he had so begun to instruct his men that they set an example
to the rest both in their orderliness of march and the carriage
of their weapons.
After the main army they carried the ordnance—four small
camion—and the ammunition in waggons with guards mid
horsemen. Lastly there rode those who do not fight, yet
belong to the army. These were the Chaplain to the army,
Dr. Hooke, n grave clergyman of the Church of England ; Sir.
Ferguson, the Duke’s private Chaplain, a fiery person, of whom
many hard things have been said, which here concern us not;
mid my father, who thus rode openly with the other two, in
order that the Nonconformists might be encouraged liy his
presence, ns an equal with the two chaplains. He was
clad in a new cassock, obtained I know not whence. He
sat upright iu the saddle, a Bible iu his hand, his long
white locks lying on his shoulders like n perruque, but
more venerable than any wig. His thill face was flushed
with the joy of coming victory, mid his eyes flashed
fire. If ali the men had shown siicli a spirit the army would
have overrun the whole country. The four surgeons—Dr.
Temple, Dr. Gaylord, Dr. Oliver, and Humphrey—followed,
all splendid in black velvet aud great periwigs. Lastly
man-lied the rearguard; and nfter the army there followed
such a motley crew ns no one can conceive. There were gipsies,
with their black tents and carts, ready to rob anil plunder;
there were tinkers, who are nothing better than gipsies,
and are even said to speak their language; there were men witli
casks on wheels filled with beer or eider; there were carts
currying bread, cakes, biscuits, aud such things as one can
buy in a booth or at a fair; there were women of bold mid
impudent looks, singing as they walked; there were, besides,
whole troops of country lads, some of them mere boys, running
anil strutting nlnng in hopes to receive nrms and to take u
place in the regiments.
Presently they were all gone, and Lyme was quit of them.
What became in the end of all the rabble rout which followed
the army I know not. One thing was certain : the godly dis¬
position, the pious singing of psalms, and the devout exposition
of the Word which I had looked for in the army were not any¬
where apparent. Rather there was evident a tumultuous joy, as
of schoolboys out for a holiday—certainly no schoolboys could
have made more noise or showed greater happiness "in their
faces. Among them, however, there were some men of middle
age, whose faces showed a different temper; but these were
ran-.
“ Lord help them ! ” said our friendly fislienvoman, who
stood with us. " There will be hard knocks before those fine
fellows go home again.”
“ They fight on the Lord’s side,” snid my mother; “ there¬
fore, they may be killed, but they will not wholly perish.”
As for the "hard knocks, they began without any delay, aud
on that very uinriiing. For at Axminster they encountered
the Somerset and Devon Militia, who thought to join their
forces, but were speedily put to flight by the rebels—a victory
which greatlv encouraged them.
11 hath been maliciously said, I have heard, that we followed
the army—as if we were two sutler women—on foot, 1 suppose,
tramping in the dust, singing ribald songs like those poor
creature's whom we saw marching out of Lyme. You have heard
how we agreed to follow Humphrey’s advice. Well, we left
Lyme very early the next morning (our fisherwoman having
now become very friendly and loth to let us go) and
rode out, our guide (poor lad ! his death lies heavy on my
soul, yet I meant the best: mid, truly, lie Was oil the side of
the Iionl) marching beside us armed with a stout bludgeon.
We kept the main road (which was veiy quiet nt this early
hour) as far as Axminster, where we left it; and, after cross¬
ing the river by a ford or wash, we engaged upon a track, or
path, which leil along the banks of a little stream for a mile
or two—os far as the village of Chardstoek. Here we made no
halt; but, leaving it behind, we struck into a most wild aud
mountainous country full of old forests and great bare places.
It is called the Forest of Ncroche, and is said to shelter
numbers of gipsies and vagabonds, and to have in it some
of those wild people who live ill the hills and woods of
Somerset and do no work except to gather the dry broom anil
tie it up and sell it, and so live hard and hungry lives, but
know not any master. These are reported to be a liannl iss
people, but the gipsies are dangerous because they are ready
to rob and even murder. I thought of Baruaby’s bag of
gold tied about my waist, and trembled. However, we
met with none of them on our journey, because just then
they were all running nfter Monmouth’s army. There was
no "path over the hills by\the way we took; but our guide
knew the country so well "that he needed none, pointing out
all the hills witli a kind of pride as if they belonged to him,
and telling us the name of every one; but these I have
long since forgotten. The country, however, I can never
forget, because it is so wild and beautiful. One place 1
remember. It is a very strange and wonderful place. There
is a vast great earthwork surrounded by walls of stone, but
these are ruinous. It stands on a hill, called Blaekdown,
which looks over into the Vale of Taunton. The guide said it
was called Castle Hatch, and that it was built long ago by the
ancient Romans. It is not at all like Sherborne Castle, which
Oliver Cromwell slighted after he took the place, blowing it
up with gunpowder; but Sherborne was not built by tlie
Romans. Here, after our long walk, we halted and took the
dinner of cold bacon and bread which we had brought with us.
The place looks out upon the beautiful Vale of Taunton, of
which I had heard. Surely, there cannot be a more rich,
fertile, and lovely place in nil England than the Vale of
Taunton. Our guide began to tell us of the glories of the
town, its wealth and populousness—and all for Monmouth, he
added. When my mother was rested we remounted our nags
and went on, descending into the plain. Humphrey had pro¬
vided us with a letter commendatory. He, who knew the
names of all who were well affected, assured us that the lady
to whom the letter was addressed, Miss Susan Blake by name,
was one of tlie most forward in the Protestant Cause. She was
well known and much respected, and she kept a school for
j'oung gentlewomen, where many children of the Noncon¬
formist gentry were educated. He instructed us to proceed
directly to her house, and to ask her to procure for us a decent
and safe lodging. He could not have given us a letter to any
better person.
It was late in the afternoon when we rode into Taunton.
The streets were full of people lunning about, talking now in
groups and now by twos and threes; now shouting and now
whispering; while we rode along the street, a man ran
bawling
“Great news! great news! Monmouth is upon us with
twice ten thousand men ! ”
It seems that they had only that day learned of the defeat
of the Militia by the rebels. A company of the Somerset
Militia were in the town, under Colonel Luttrell, ill order to
keep down the people.
Taunton is, ns everybody knows, a most rich, prosperous,
and populous town. I had never before seen so many bouses
and so many people gathered together. AVhy, if the men
of Taunton declared for the Duke, his cause, one felt sure,
was already won. For there is nowhere, as 1 could not
fail to know, a greater stronghold of Dissent than this
town, except London, and none where the Nonconformists
have more injuries to remember. Only two years before this
their meeting-houses had been broken into nnd their pulpits
and pews brought out and burned, aud they were forced,
against their conscience, to worship in the parish church.
We easily found Miss Blake's house, and, giving our
horses to the guide, we presented her with our letter. She
was a young woman somewhat below the common stature,
quick of speech, her face and eyes full of vivacity, and about
thirty years of age. But wlieii she had read the • letter and
understood wlio we were and whence we came, she first made
a deep reverence to my mother and then she took iny hands
nnd kissed me.
“ Madam,” she said, “ believe in’, my poor house will be
honoured indeed by the presence of the wife and the daughter
of the godly Dr. Comfort Eykin. Pray, pray, go no farther.
I have a room that is at your disposal. Go thither, Madam,
I beg, and rest after your journey. The wife of Dr. Comfort
E.vkin ’Tis indeed an honour.’ ’ And so with the kindest words
she led us up-stnirs, nnd gave us a room with a bill iu it,
and caused water for washing to be brought, and presently
went out witli me to buy certain things needful for us
(who were indeed somewhat rustical ill our dress), iu
order that we might present the appearance of gentlewomen—
thanks to Barnaby’s heavy purse, I could get them without
troubling my mother’s careful mind about the cost. .She then
gave us supper, and told us all the news. The King, she said,
was horribly afraid, nnd it was rumoured that the priests had
all been sent away to France; the Taunton people were
resolved to give the Duke a brave reception ; all over tlie
country, there was no doubt men would rally by thousands;
she was in a rapture of joy and gratitude. .Supper over, she
took us to her school-room, and here—oh ! the pretty sight I—
her schoolgirls were engaged in working and embroidering
flags for the Duke’s army.
“I know not,” she said, “whether his Grace will con¬
descend to receive them. But it is all we women can do.”
Poor wretch ! she afterwards suffered the full penalty for her
All that evening we heard the noise of men running about
the town, with the clanking of weapons and the commands of
officers ; but we knew not what had happened.
Lo ! in the morning the glad tidings that the Militia had
left the town. Nor was that all; for nt daybreak the people
begun to assemble, and, there' being none to stay them, broke
into the great church of St. Mary’s and took possession of the
arms that had been deposited for safety in tlie tower. They also
opened the prison and set free a worthy Nonconformist divine,
named Vincent. All the morning tlie mob run about the streets,
shouting, “A Monmouth! A Monmouth !" the Magistrates
anil Royalists not daring so much ns to show their faces, nnd
there was nothing talked of but the overthrow of the King nnd
tlie triumph of the Protestant religion. Nay, there were
fiery speakers ill the market-place and before tlie west porch
of the church, who mounted on tubs and exhorted the people.
Grave merchants came forth mid shook hands with each other ;
and godly ministers who had been in hiding walked forth
boldly. 11 was truly a great day for Taunton.
Tlie excitement grew greater when Captain Hucker, a well-
known serge-mnker of the town, rode in with n troop of Mon¬
mouth’s horse. Captain Hucker had been seized by Colonel
Phillips on the charge of receiving a message from tlie Duke,
but he escaped and joined tile rebels, to his greater loss, as
afterwards appeared. However, be now rode in to tell his fellow-
townsmen of his own wonderful and providential escape, aud
that the Duke would certainly arrive the next day, aud he
exhorted them to give him such a welcome as he had a right
to expect at their hands. He also reminded them that they
were the sons of the men who, forty years before, defended
Taunton under Admiral Blake. There was a great shouting
nnd tossing of caps nfter Captain Hueker's address, aud no one
could do too much for the horsemen with him, so that I fear
these brave fellows were soon fain to lie down mid sleep till
the fumes of the strong ale should leave their brains.
All that day and half the niglit we sat in Miss Blake's
schoolroom finishing the flags, m which I was permitted to
join. There were twenty-seven flags in all presented to the
army by the Taunton maids: twelve by Miss Blake and fifteen
by one Mrs. Musgrave, also a schoolmistress. And now,
indeed, seeing that the Militia at Axminster had fled almost at
the mere aspect of one mail; and that those of Taunton had also
fled away secretly by night, anil catching the zeal of our kind
entertainer, and considering the courage aud spirit of these
good people, I begau to feel confident again, aud my heart,
which had fallen very low at the sight of the Duke’s hanging
head and gloomy looks, rose again, aud all dangers seemed to
vanish. And so, in u mere fool's paradise, I continued lmppy
indeed until the fatal news of Sedgemoor fight awoke us all
from our fond dreams.
CHAPTER XVII.
TAUNTON.
I never weary in thinking of the gaiety nnd happiness of those
four days ut Taunton nmong the rebels. There was no more
doubt ill any of our hearts : we were nil confident of victory—
and that easy and, perhaps, bloodless. As was the rejoicing
at Taunton, so it would be in every town of the country. One
only had to look out of window ill order to feel ussuranee of
that victory, so jolly, so happy, so confident looked every face.
“ Why,” said Miss Blake, “ iu future ages even we women,
who have only worked the flags, will be envied for our share in
the glorious deliverance. Great writers will speak of us ns
they speak of the Roman women.” Then all our eyes sparkled,
and the needles flew faster and the flags grew nearer to com¬
pletion.
If history should condescend to remember tlie poor Mnids
of Taunton nt nil, it will be, nt best, with pity for the
afflictions which afterwards fell upon them: none, certainly,
will envy them; but we shall be forgotten. Why should we be
remembered ? Women, it is certain, have no business with
affairs of State, aud especially none with rebellions aud civil
wars. Our hearts and passions carry us away. The leaders in
the cause which we have joined appear to us to be more than
human; we cannot restrain ourselves, we fall down nnd worship
our leaders, especially in the cause of religion and liberty.
Now behold! On the very morning nfter we arrived at
250
SEPT. 1. 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NE
Taunton I was abroad in the streets with Miss Blake, looking at
the town, whieh hath shops full of Ih - most beautiful and
precious things, nud wondering at the great concourse of
Jienplc (for the looms were all deserted, nud the workmen were
in the streets tilled with a martial spirit), 1 saw riding into the
town no other than liobin himself. Oh ! how my heart leaped
up to see him ! He was most gallantly dressed in a purple
coat, with a crimson sash over his shoulders to carry his sword:
lie had pistols in his holsters, nud wore great riding-boots, nud
with him rode a company of a dozen young men, mounted on
good strong nags; why, they were men of our own village, and
I knew them, every one. They were- armed with muskets and
pikes—I knew where those came from—nud when they saw me
tile fellows all began to grin, and to square their shoulders so
ns to look more martial. But Kobin leaped from his horse.
“'Tis Alice!” he cried. “Dear heart ! Thou art then
safe, so far? Madam, your servant.” Here he took off his
hat to Miss Blake. “ Uids, ride on to the White Hart nud
call for wliat yon want, and take care of the nags. This is a
joyful meeting, Sweetheart.” Here he kissed me. “ The Duke,
they say, draws thousands daily. 1 thought to find him in
Taunton by this time. Why, we are ns good ns victorious
already. Humphrey, I take'it, is with his Grace. My dear,
even had flic Cause of freedom failed to move me I had been
draggid by the silken ropes of Hove. Truly, I could not
choose but come. There was the thought of these brave
fellows marehing to battle, and 1 all the time skulking at
home, who had ever been so loud upon their aide. And there
was the thought of Humphrey, braving the dangers of the
field, tender though he be, nmi f, strong nnd lusty, sitting by
the tire, mid sleeping on a feather lied; nud always there was
the thought of thee, my dear, among these rude soldiers—like
Milton’s lady among the rabble rout, because well 1 know that
even Christian warriors (so called) are not lambs : mid, again,
there was my grandfather, who could find no rest, but con¬
tinually walked to and fro, with looks that at one time said,
‘Go, my son’; nnd at others, ‘Nay; lest thou receive a
hurt ’; nnd the white face of my mother, which said, as plain
ns eyes could speak : * He ought to go, he ought to go; and
yet lie may lie kill', d.’
“Oh, Kobin! Pray God there prove to be no more
iigliting.”
“Well, my dear, if I am not tedious to Madam here ”-
“Oh, Sir!” said Miss Blake, “it is a jov to hear this
talk." She told me, afterwards, that it was also a joy to look
upon so gallant a gentleman, and such a pair of lovers. She,
poor creature, had no sweetheart.
“Then on Monday,” Robin continued, “the day before
yesterday, I could refrain no longer, but laid the matter before
my grandfather. Sweetheart! there is, I swear, no better
man in all the world.”
“ Of that I am well assured, liobin.”
“First, be said that if anything befell me he should go
down in sorrow to his grave; yet that as to his own end an
old man so near the grave should not be concerned about the
manner of his end so long as lie should keep to honour and
duty. Next, that in his own youth he had himself gone forth
willingly to fight in the cause of Liberty, without counting the
risk. Thirdly, thnt if my conscience did truly urge me to
follow the Duke I ought to obey that voice in the name of
t iod. And this with tears in his eyes, nnd yet a lively and
visible satisfaction that, as he himself had chosen, so his
grandson would choose. * Sir,’ I snid, * that voice of conscience
speaks out very loudly and clearly. I cannot stifle it. Therefore,
by your good leave, I will go.’ Then he bade me take the best
horse in the stable, nnd gave me n purse of gold, and so I
made ready.”
Miss Blake, at this point, said thnt she was reminded of
David. It was, I suppose, because Robin was so goodly a lad
to look upon; otherwise, David, though an exile, did never
endeavour to pull King Saul from liis throne.
“Then,” Robin continued, “I went to my mother. She
wept, because war hath many dangers and chances ; but slie
would not say me ‘ Nay.’ And in the evening when the men
came home 1 went into the village mid asked who would go
witli me. A dozen stout fellows—you know them all, Sweet¬
heart - stepped forth at once ; another dozen would have come,
but their wives prevented them. And so, mounting them on
good cart-horses, I bade farewell and rode away.”
“ Sir,” said Miss Blake, “ you have chosen the better part.
You will be rewarded bv so splendid a victory thnt it will sur¬
prise all the world; and for the rest of your life—yes; und for
generations afterwards—you will be ranked among the de¬
liverers of your country. It is a great privilege, Sir, to take
part in the noblest passage of English history. Oh ! ” she
clasped her hands, “ 1 am sorry that 1 am not a man, only
because I would strike a blow in this sacred cause. But we are
women, and we can but pray—and make flags. We eaimot die
for the enusc.”
The event proved that women can sometimes die for the cause,
because she herself, if any woman ever did, died for her cause.
Then Robin left us in order to take steps about his men
and himself. Captain Hucker received them in the name of
the Duke. They joined the cavalry, and Kobin was told that
he should be made a Captain. This done, he rode out with
the rest to meet the Duke.
Now, when his approach was known, everybody who had a
horse rode forth to meet him, so that there followed him,
when he entered the town, not counting his army, so great a
company that they almost made another army.
As soon ns it was reported that the Duke was within a mile
(they had that day mnrehed sixteen miles, from Ilmiuster) the
church bells were set n-ringing; children enme out with baskets
of flowers in readiness to strew them at his feet as he should
puss—there were roses nnd lilies untl all kinds of summer flowers
so thnt his horse had a most delicate carpet to walk upon ; the
common people crowded the sides of the streets; the windows
were filled with ladies who waved their handkerchiefs and
railed aloud on Heaven to bless the good Duke, the brave
Duke, the sweet and lovely Duke. If there were any mal¬
contents in the town they kept snug; it would lmve cost them
dear even to have been seen in the streets that day. The
Duke showed on this occasion a face full of hope nnd happi¬
ness ; indeed, if lie had not shown a cheerful countenance on
such a day, he would have been something less, or something
greater, than human. I menn that he would have been either
insensible and blockish not to be moved by such a welcome,
or else he would have been a prophet, as foreseeing what would
follow. He rode bareheaded, earn ing his hat in his hand;
he was dressed in a shining corslet with a blue silk scurf and a
purple coat; his long brown hair hung in curls upon his
shoulders; his sweet lips were parted witli a gracious smile;
his beautiful brown eyes—never bad any Prince more lovely
eyes—looked pleased nnd benignant : truly there was never
made any man more comely than the Duke of Monmouth. 'Hie
face of his father, and that of his uncle. King James, were dark
nnd gloomy, but the Duke’s face was naturally bright nnd
cheerful; King Charles’s long nose in him was" softened and
reduced to the proportions of tnnuly beauty; in short, there
was no feature that in his father was harsh and unplensing
but was in him sweet nnd beautiful. If 1 hnd thought him
comely and like a King's son when four years before he made
his Progress, I thought him now ten times as gracious and ns
beautiful. He was thinner in the face, which gave his appear¬
ance the greater dignity ; he had ever the most gracious smile
and the most charming eyes; and at such a moment as tins
who could believe the things whieh they snid about Ills wife
and Lady Wentworth? No—they were inventions of Ins
enemies; tliev must be base lies; so noble a Presence could
not conceal a’guilty heart; he must be as good nud virtuous
as he wa< brave mid lovelv. Thus we talked, sitting in the
window, and thus we cheered our souls. Even now, to think how
great and good he looked on thnt day, it is difficult to believe
that lie was in some matters so vile. I am not of those who
expect one kind of moral conduct from one man nnd a different
kind from another; there is but one set of commandments for
rich nnd poor, for prince and peasant. But the pity of it, oh !
the pity of it, witli such a prince !
Never, in short, did one see such a tumult of joy; it is im¬
possible to speak otherwise: tile people bad lost tlieir wits with
excess of joy. Nor did they show their welcome in shouting
only, for all doors were thrown wide open and supplies and
necessaries of all kinds were sent to the soldiers in the camp
outside the town, so thnt the country lads declared they had
never fared more sumptuously. There now rode after the
Duke several Nonconformist ministers, beside my father. Thus
there was tlie pious Mr. Ijirk, of Lyme: lie was an aged Baptist
preacher, who thought it no shame to his profession to gird on
a sword and to command a troop of horse: and others there
were, whose names I forget, who had conic forth to join the
deliverer.
Lord Grey rode on one side of him, and Colonel Speke
on file other; Dr. Hooke, the chaplain, and my father
rode behind. My heart swelled with joy to hear how
the people, when they had shouted themselves hoarse, cried
out for ray father, because bis presence showed thnt they
would have once more that liberty of worship for want of
which they laid so long languished.'The Duke’s own chaplain,
Mr. Ferguson, had got a naked sword in his hand, alia was
marching oil foot, crying out, ill a most vainglorious ninnncr,
“ I am Ferguson, the famous Ferguson, that Ferguson for
whose head so many hundred pounds were offered. I am flint
man ! I am that man ! ” He wore u great gown and a silken
cassock, which consorted ill with the sword in his hand, and
in tile evening he preached in the great church, while my
father preached in the old meeting-house to a much larger
congregation and, I venture to think, with a much more edifying
discourse.
The nrmy marched through the town in much the same
order as it had mnrelicd out of Lyme, mid it seemed not much
bigger, but the men marched more orderly and there was less
laughing mid shouting. But the streets were so thronged
that the men could hardly make their way.
In tile market-place the Duke halted, while his declaration
was read aloud. One tiling I could not approve. They
dragged forth three of the Justices—High Churchmen nnd
standing stoutly for King James—and forced them to listen,
bareheaded, to the Declaration: a thing whieh enme near
afterwards to their destruction. Yet they looked sour mid
unwilling, us anyone would have testified. The Declaration
was a long document, and the reading of it took half nil hour
at least; lint the people cheered all the time.
After this, they rend a l’roclamntion, warning the soldiers
nguinst taking aught without payment. Blit Robin laughed,
saying that this was the way with armies, where the General
was always on the side of virtue, yet the soldiers were always
yielding to temptation in the matter of sheep and poultry, that
human nature must not be too much tempted, mid that camp
rations are sometimes scanty. But it was a noble Proclamation,
mid I cannot but believe that the robberies aftciwnrds com¬
plained of were committed by the tattered crew who followed
the camp, rather than by the brave fellows themselves.
The Duke lay at Captain Hucker’s house, over against the
Three Cups Inn. This was a great honour for Mr. Hucker,
n plain serge-maker, and there were many who were envious,
thinking that the Duke should not have gone to the house of
so humble a person. It was also said tlmt for his services
Mr. Hucker boasted that be should expect nothing less than
a coronet nnd the title of Peer, once the business was safely
dispatched. A Peer to be made out of a Master Serge-maker!
But we must charitably refuse to believe all that is reported,
and, indeed (I say it with sorrow of that most unfortunate
lady, Miss Blake), much idle tattle concerning neighbours was
carried on in her house, mid I was told that it was the same iu
every house of Taunton, so that the women spent all tlieir time
in talking of their neighbours’ affairs, and what might be going
on in the houses of their friends. This is a kind of talk which
my father would never permit, as testifying to idle curiosity
and leading to undue importance concerning things which are
fleeting mid trivial.
However, the Duke was bestowed hi Captain Huckcr’s best
lied: of that there was no doubt, and the bells rang mid bon¬
fires played, mid the people sang and shouted in the streets)
(To he con tin mil.)
Princess Victoria Mary of Teck has become the patron
of “The Sea-Shell and Scrap-Book Missions/’ lately removed to
larger premises at 27. Benedict-road. Stockwell. S.W.
Mr. T. M. Colmore has been appointed stipendiary Magis¬
trate for Birmingham, in place of Mr. Kynnersley, who resigned
recently owing to ill-health. Mr. Colmore is Recorder of War¬
wick and a Magistrate for Warwickshire. During the illness
of Mr. Kynnersley he acted as deputy-stipendiary.
The annual report of Mr. Mfiller’s famous orphan houses at
Ashley Down, near Bristol, tells once more a tale of a sustained
flow of benevolence towards an institution which employs
none of the ordinary means of attracting the attention of the
charitable. Two thousand and fourteen orphans have been
under the care of the houses during the past year, and it is
stated that there are still many vacancies for orphan girls,
with whom no money is expected, neither is any influence
needed for their admission. In May last the balance in hand
is stated to have been £1078, or only enough to last for two
weeks’ support; but contributions, both in money and in kind,
sufficient for their needs have continued to pour in. The total
amount received in this way since 1834, when the houses were
started, is stated to be £1,153,004, by which sum 100,072
)>ersons have, been taught in the schools entirely supported by
the funds of the institution, not to speak of the schools
assisted from the same source. During the period five large
houses, at an expense of £ 115,000, have been erected.
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ws
BLUNDERBORE’S CASTLE.
The bright rollicking south-westerly wind bustles up from the
sea. driving the great masses of fleecy-white clouds over the
dense blue skv. as merrily as if they were a team of spin ted
horses and he bore in his mighty hauds a whip to send them
along with cheerily.
The sea, bluer in places than the sky itself, comes rolling
in on the wide pebbly beach, nnd changes every moment: as
now. reflecting the heavy clouds, it becomes for a moment
almost purple; and then, dancing among the rocks heavy with
sea-weed, it appears to be a translucent green, remaining quiet
for a moment, and then, suddenly becoming crested with pale
foam, it leaps and dances once more, gambolling in until it
flings itself, tired and exhausted, almost at the very feet of
Blunderbores Castle ; then it recodes gradnallv. and we hear
the roll of the lobbies as they fall back with the wave into
deeper water once more.
Standing here by the window of the ladies’ room, and
gazing down into the valley, it is almost impossible to believe
we are in the very last yen‘rs of this present century of ours.
There is no sound of life ; no sight of human being ; nothing
but the deep tones of the sea and the wind, the gallant chorus
of the voicefnl waves, and the melancholy cry of the sea-gulls
as they wheel and dip and float round the old towers and
down among the rocks where the tide is flowing in. And ns tre
look round at the stalwart towers and grim walls by which wo
are surrounded we are quite sure that presently we shall see
the drawbridge lowered and the jiortciillis raised to admit the
giant, home after one of his forages for food, and that \vc
shall watch him unload his pockets of his victims and set them
down trembling before the great hearth, which is yet black
with the fires that have gone out—never to be rekindled—ob !
how many, many weary years ago!
But the drawbridge is always down now. and never requires
to lie raised, while the double set of portcullis-gratings never
fall, and only show their teeth to ns ns we pass beneath, look¬
ing up with "a shudder at the rusty, revengeful row of spikes,
and recognising the wide gaps through which boiling lead was
playfully poured from above on the heads of any unwelcome
intruder ; and we prefer to pause by the ladies’ window, medi¬
tating on the bright eyes and lovely faces which were there
before us, and whose owners spent peaceful lives in this
chamber working great rolls of tapestry, and gazing down into
the sea-locked valley—waiting for the return of the boats in
which their lovers had sailed away, no doubt on marauding
plans intent; and where they could see the sally -port, watching,
as is ever the woman's part, while the giant and his followers
went and came from the wide sea. For there were giants in
those days, and this is a veritable giants’ castle. Men lived
here whose reputation and whose stature doubtless grew
with the lapse of years, and by the aid of the gossips’
tongues. And we learn from the brown - faced caretaker
legends of the prowess of those times that we should like to
believe in, but that we cannot; but which have evidently left
their own impression on the village, which still quakes at the
hero’s name. Albeit, now, their worst enemies are the jackdaws
in the castle-towers, which forage in the wind-swept gardens
and among the potato-fields, in mild emulation of the men
whose forays were once the terror of the country-side, and who
took by force all that was the desire of their eyes, be it whose
it might be originally.
Better than hearing of those days of blood and tears is it
to sit here, quietly listening only to the sound of the birds and
the wind and the sea : making up our own stories, and gazing
at the beautiful castle by which we are surrounded ; at the
smooth, green grass, once the castle bowling-green and now
given oyer at times to the universal tennis-courts ; at the vast
tree of ivy, which claspR with its arms the great grey square
towers, and which appears to promise eternal life forthem as
long as no separation tears them from its arms and casts the
clinging ivy down : and at the old mews; and the so-called
chapel, which has no trace whatever of church about it, and
which, we think, is called a chapel to please the visitors, who
somehow always demand to be shown the site of that, before
they turn their eyes even to the bigger, handsome relics of
what was once a banqueting-hali. and which is more ruinous
than any other part; albeit there are remains of the musicians*
gallery, which stood in front of the ladies’ room, from which,
we think, the finest view of all is to lie obtained.
For from here we can look across the landward side of the
valley to the curious, ugly, square, plastered church, with its
squarer grey high tower, where the tomb of the builder of the
castle is to be found ; where the jackdaws build, tco: and
where the sea-gulls swoop and scream before the gathering of
the storm : and we can see the grim cromlech on the side of
the hill, and wonder why it was put there, making our own
stories, as the caretaker has none to give us, of this especial
theme.
Indeed, we have long dismissed the caretaker, and, sitting
in one of the old Xorman arched windows, prefer to hear
nothing hi t the sounds around us ; and we look out at the
few white houses in the valley below the castle, which still
nestle up against it as if it were yet powerful, and could
defend them against the foes which in the good old times
were always ready to swoop down upon them, and which
made residence near the castle imperative—albeit at times, if
all the stories told are true, they found the owners of the
castle sometimes as bad to be with as the ever-expected
enemies were supposed to be themselves: until we become
more than ever thankful that long stretches of marvellous
days of science have put an eternal barrier between us and
those said excellent and venerable bygone years.
And yet it is impossible to feel they are unite parted from ns,
while we look down into the deep black dungeon, placed by
some freak of irony below the flooring of the Indies tower,
where dank green moss clings to the wall, and where we
require a light to see the great ring and rusted chain wnicn
S5PT. 1. 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON
251
has often been clasped round strong men worsted in the fray
and cast there to moulder into dust: and where we see the
stone cauldron, with the relics of the furnace below, where the
lead used to be melted before being carried for use to the
chamber over the gate : and we cannot believe that these walls
are unhaunted, or can ever be free from the souls of those whose
rough, wild sway kept, the countin terror, and who.
secure in their .strength and in the strength of their castle,
did only what was right and pleasant in their own eyes,
and who knew only one law. and that one of their own
making.
Nay. surelv yonder sir and sombre jackdaw, whose head is
on one side, and whose feathers are blown all one way. as ho
pauses on the low wall below there, ere he possesses himself
of some tender morsel in the caretaker's garden, must, he the
present form of one of those venerable robbers.' and now he
is meditating reprisals for all the hard thing* that .-he has -aid
of him and of liis race, members of which hang iVatherless.
limp.and unpleasant, from the sparse bushes in her meagre
inclosure:—and surely the soft. grey, wheeling, graceful sea¬
gulls. with their mournful cry and their wonderful Might,
contain the souls of the watching owners of tin- ladies'
the sea in ships, and who never came Icmie to the wind .-wi-pt.
in the sea—which, in those days, lloncd almost at tic ci-ih-
wact-iil. which e.miior make airtight line. which >lrn s
hither and thither with anv breeze that hh.ws. U the piv-.-ut
form of the pert. huli.U maid- v\ >. . v - M.tliog
wore in yonder square tower by the gate.'
Hut the crimson sunset is beginning to tltish over the n-i :
the caretaker jungles Iter bunch of key-- and look- plaintively
up at ottr tower ; "and. ns we know thr’g ho-t-. w liich. after ali.
are companions to us, art- 1 real terrors to her. \ve d«„i from
our perch and wciul our wav. looking hack for a nioiiieiit. m
THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION
ANTIQUARIAN COLLECTION
One of the most interesting structures in the Glasgow Exhi¬
bition grounds is the reproduction of the tower of the old
Bishop’s Castle or Palace, a building of tho fifteenth century,
which formerly stood near the cathedral, and was removed in
1702 to clear the site for the Infirmary. This tower was
erected by Bishop Cameron, though other parks of the castle
were two centuries older ; it was surrounded by Archbishop
Beaton with an embattled wall. 15 ft. high. Its position made
its possession a matter of importance to the contending parties
during the minority of James V., and in 1515 it was invested
and captured from the English, who then held it. Almost
immediately after, it was regained by the Duke of Albany, the
Regent, who two yearn later relieved the garrison from a siege
by a force under the Earl of Lennox. The next Archbishop,
Dunbar, further strengthened the building, which underwent
several more sieges and assaults, at intervals, up to near the
close of the sixteenth century. For some time it was used as
a prison, and then it was neglected and fell into decay. The
latest occasion when it was put to practical use was in 1715,
when Bishop Cameron's tower, which was almost the only
portion intact, was the prison of 300 Highlanders. The
accurate reproduction of this building does much credit to Mr.
James Sellars, the architect: and our View, looking at it over
the Kelvin, the small river that flows through Kelvin-grovo
Park and the Exhibition grounds, shows it iii a favourable
aspect.
The interior of the mimic “ Bishop’s Castle” is occupied by
an extensive and valuable collection of .Scottish relics, historical,
antiquarian, personal, and literary, with specimens of art,
ancient weapons, dress, and furniture, sufficient by itself to
command close attention. Among the owners who. besides the
Queen and the Prince of Wales, have contributed to this display
are the Earl of Aberdeen, the Marquis of Ailsa, the Duke of
Argyll. Lord Balfour of Burleigh, the Marquis of Breadalbane,
the Marquis of Bute. Lord Doningtou. the Earl of Elgin, the
Baroness Willoughby de Eresby. the Earl of Home, the
Dowager Marchioness of Huntly, the Marquis of Lothian, the
Marquis of Northampton, the Marquis of Tweeddale, Lord
Verulam. a number of other ladies and gentlemen all over the
country, and various corporations and learned societies. The
total number of articles here, displayed is 154(5. embracing
examples of the Early Period, the Early Scottish, the time of
Mary Stuart. Scoria ml after tlje Union of the Crowns, and of
tin* Jacobite period, besides articles pertaining to the Burgh of
Glasgow, and to other Corporations, manu¬
scripts of literary interest, portraits, and a
variety of other tilings.
In the lirst section tho visitor is carried
hack to prehistoric times by remains of groat
antiquity, discovered in many spots, such as
stone Ini miners, axe-heads. h;i toilets, celts,
cinerary urns and hones, millstones, spear¬
heads. bronze swords. Homan soldiers' camp
kfttles. coins, rings. and other ornaments.
and numerous other autc-Christian relies.
There are son.. Christian relies.” in¬
cluding the Bachui 11 More.” the pastoral
staff n'r St. Moloe. rho innimdiale follower of
St. Ci tlnuiba, who /.rah hi sly la hi hi nil
hind in tin- srvenrh eenrurv. °<>t'
t hi.- ivlie it is suited that a family
itain«d Ltvingsrune. living in tlm
i.-land of Usmop*. which was the
\irrue of the fru-r. ^fli.ir lands. hnwJvr,
pis-od inro iho | osso.sdnn of tire' Duke of
Argv 11. bv whom the staff is lent to Tho
Exhibit ion.
King Hohort Brins, figures en»-pi.-umiM v
i:i 'hi- e.db ... Thor- are shown a two-
h.in.!.,) sw-.rd with which Sir Cl:ri.-bmli.v
S. ,i. f, M-i.d Brm.'o. his King mid broth. t-
in-hiw. at th.- .at r«.f Mrthwn. in ; a
similar weapmi. said lo have Uh.ng.M to
Brine: a -wold u'l ieli the. King gave on
Queen's watches, cameos, and rings ; a gold-enamel crucifix
which she used during her imprisonment in Fotheringay
Castle, the Prayer-book she held in her hands at her
execution, some samples of tapestry worked while she was in
Loch Leven Castle, her work box and escritoire, and many other
personal possessions. To thi9 collection her Majesty graciously
contributes a number of relics; including a tortoise-shell
cabinet which belonged to Mary, and was bequeathed by Lord
Belhaven and Stenton to our Queen, with a request that it
should be preserved cither at Windsor or Holyrood ; a lock of
Mary’s hair, bequeathed in the same manner ; a purse sewed
by Mary, also bequeathed to the Queen by Lord Belhaven ; a
full-length engraving of Queen Mary, by Hagenburg ; an en¬
graving of Mary and Darnley, by Elsfcracke ; a replica in oils of
the Blair’s College portrait, a portrait of Lord Darnley and his
brother, and an old drawing, believed to represent the trial of
Mary. On the other hand, there are relics of John Knox, and
of the Covenanters.
The collection of memorials of the “Jacobite Period”
consists largely of medals and medallions, representing
various events, such as the birth of King James in 1688, tbo
reception of James II, by Louis XIV. in 1689, the escape of
Princess Clementina from Innspriick in 1719, the marriage of
James III. to Princess Clementina, and other scenes. The
Prince of Wales lends a ring with a miniature portrait on
ivory of Prince Charles Edward Stuart, said to have been
worn by bim, and presented to his Royal Highness by the
Duchess of Gordon : and also a pair of pocket pistols, silver-
mounted and inlaid with gold, formerly belonging to Prince
Charles, and also presented by the Duchess of Gordon.
Portraits of “Prince Charlie” and Flora Macdonald, letters
from the Prince, drinking-cups, rings, and other personal
ornaments; a small MS. of music, which, when folded in a
particular maimer, conveyed a warning to the Prince,
“Conceal yourself ; your foes look for you”; Flora Mac¬
donald's wedding-ring ; and other curiosities, are found in
this collection.
Original letters, and manuscripts of some of the works, of
Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scott, constitute the most attrac¬
tive part of the literary collection. The Burns manuscripts
include those of “The Whistle,” “ The Author’s Earnest Cry
and Prayer,” “The Holy Fair," “The Wounded Hare,”
and “The Cottar’s Saturday Night,” “The Twa Dogs,”
ami “Scotch Drink”—these last being lent by tho
Irvine Burns Club. With these are Burns’s rod and
sword-stick, and, more interesting still, the identical whistle
which prompted his poem bearing that title. This is a small
. -.was tho p:
I Elizabeth Curie <n
»>f Mary's attendants at 1
rxiMMition) ami was present
h.v her to the Scots' College
Douai. where her brother u
a professor. At the breaki
out of the French Kevoluti
the inmates of the Unlit
were obliged to fly. and t
portrait was taken out
its frame and hidden in
chimney, which was then bu
up- In IS 11 it was tak
from its hiding-place and se
to the Scotch Benedictine C'c
Uown'fan?fSmScw 0 ” of Wimhledon are the Berkshire
freehold on the 1 ai ! d 11 ,s resolT «' that, provided a
he Ohtained With the «ew U tn e £ urth <* ‘"formation
between them." l arrl f ln , g dt a final decision
£ “ the of “ tD be h6ld
■j,. , . , it was taken to Scotland
Bishop Patison and placed in Blair’s College. It is
cognised as one of the very few authdritic portraits
the dnfortunatc young Queer!, and is unfibrStood to lia
been painted by Aniyas Cawood, from a drawing nia
during the Queen’s lifetime; after Elizabeth and Ja
Lurie returned to Ftailce- There are Several of t
l iinuy whistle which was brought to Scotland by a Danish
gnu Ionian in the suite of Anne of Denmark, wife of James VI.
of Sr,,i land, 'filial gentleman claimed to have won and kept
ilie trophy at all the Courts of Europe, where it was tho prize
in the drinking-bouts, the person last able to blow the whistle
bring tho winner. In a contest in Scotland it was won
from its owner by Sir Robert Laurie, of Maxwelton, father of
•• Annie Laurie.” The contest at which Burns was present was
in I77ii. between a descendant of Sir Robert Laurie and two
other gentlemen* to one of whom, Mr. Alexander, of Craig-
ilarnieh. Burns, as umpire, awarded it. This curious relic is
lent by Captain R. C. Ferguson, to whom it descended. Among
the Sent! exhibits is "Old Mortality’s” mallet, which he used
in repairing the martyrs’ tombstones. This mallet was pre¬
vailed to Mr. Joseph Train by Mr. Robert Patterson, of Bal-
nuiellellan. a son of - Old .Mortality.” There is an autograph
letter relating facts of the history of that personage.
PEASANTS’ LAND BANKS IN POLAND.
A report just published from the British Consul-General at
Warsaw contains the translation of a new law extending, with
curtain alterations, the scheme of peasants' land banks, estab¬
lished in Russia since 18S2. to the Kingdom of Poland. Under it
peasants of Russian, Polish, or Lithuanian extraction may, with
the approval of the local commissioner for peasants’ affairs,
ohfain loans for tho purchase of lands which do not belong to
peasants, ami which are not burdened with onerous servitudes,
such loans not to exceed 90 per cent of the valuation made by
the officers of the bank. In Russia proper the maximum is
*'» per cent, and in the ease of Poland the additional 15 per
cent is to come from a special fund instituted for that country
in I 860 to free peasants from dependence on the landlords.
I he In lance of that fund, which amounts now to 2,000,000
roubles, is to be handed over to the land bank. The land pur¬
chased in this way cannot he sold until the debt to the bank is
cleared off; nor can persons who arc not peasants under'
the definition of law become purchasers or owners by in¬
heritance or gift. In either of the latter cases the disqualified
person into whose possession the land may come is bound to
sell within a year. The limit of allotments is 8 1-5 acres.
It was announced at Shoeburyness on Aug. 23 that the 1st
Glamorganshire (second and third detachments) had taken
first prize in the Repository competition, the second falling .to
the 2nd Durham (third and fourth detachments), and the
third to the 4th Durham (third and fourth detachments), bbr-
tificates of merit being giVen to the 2nd Durhilm (first anfi
second detachments) and the 8th Lancashire (third ahd fourth
detachments). The lkt Glambrgah (feecohd and third detawli-
ments) took the badges ahd Challenge blip.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sep*. 1 , 1888 — 252
1. Oaken Cradle or King James VI.
3. Nursery Chair of King James VI.
3. Carved Oaken Cradle of Mary Queen of Scots.
4. The - Feadan Dubh," or Black Chanter, or Bag¬
pipes of the Clan Chattan.
5. The “ Bachnill More." or Crozier. of St. Moloc.
«. -Old Mortality’s” Mell or Mallet.
7. One of a Pair of Sliver Spurs belonging to
King Robert Bruce.
8. One of another Pair of Spurs belonging to him.
9. The “Buldhcan" or Bell of St. Fillan.
10. Queen Mary Stuart’s Hand-bell.
11 and 12. Emblems and Inscriptions on Queen
Mary’s Boll.
13. Sand-glass used by John Knox when Preaching.
14. A Stirrup of King Robert Bruce.
15. The “Cloch Dearg,” or Charm-stone, of Ard-
volrllch.
16. The Glonorchy Charm-stone of Breadalbane.
17. One of Queen' Mary Stuart’s Shoes.
18. Shoo belonging to Queen Mary of Lorraine.
i of i
The Whistle, to be won by the
drinking-party who could sound It latest in
their potations: sung by Bunis. ,
Bonnet or Cap worn by Prince Charles Edwara
Stuart in 1745. . . _ ,
Stand to fix Honr-glnos on John Knox a Pulpit.
Sword o t King Robert Bruce.
THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION : HISTORICAL RELICS IN THE BISHOP’S CASTLE.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 1, 1888—253
THE QUEEN’S VISIT TO GLASGOW.
THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION: INDIAN SECTION. THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION: SHETLAND AND FAIR ISLE KNITTERS.
The city of Glasgow, tho greatest in population of the pro¬
vincial cities of the United Kingdom, and one of the greatest
in trade and industry, was honoured by her Majesty the Queen,
on Wednesday, Aug. 22, with a gracious visit which was
performed under the most gratifying conditions, favoured by
fine summer weather, and attended with the customary tokens
of a public festive welcome sustained by the cordial enthusiasm
of a loyal Scottish population. The Queen, who had not been
at Glasgow since 18i!l, when she was accompanied by her
lamented husband, the Prince Consort, bad now two special
purposes in view there ; namely, first to perforin the ceremony
of opening the new Municipal Buildings lately erected in
George-square for the City Corporation; and secondly, to
inspect the Great International Exhibition of this year, held
in the grounds adjacent to Kclvingrove Park, at the west end
of the city. The President of this Exhibition, Sir Archibald
Campbell, llart., M.P., of Blythswood, which mansion is at
Renfrew, about eight miles from Glasgow, was the host of her
Majesty during the two or three days of her sojourn in the
neighbourhood, and conducted the official reception of her
Majesty at the Exhibition. The Lord Provost of Glasgow. Sir
James King, at the head of the Magistrates and Council of
that city and “ Royal Burgh,” did the honours of the Municipal
Corporation, These gentlemen, with all the official persons,
managers of the Exhibition, citizens, and members of the
Scottish nobility and gentry, who bore part in the proceedings,
and with the people of Glasgow and of the neighbouring
towns, may be congratulated on the success of the arrange¬
ments, and on the agreeable impression produced by the
Queen’s visit.
/Ter Majesty, accompanied by her daughter. Princess Henry
of Battenberg (Princess Beatrice), and the Grand Duke of
Hesse, with his son, the Hereditary Grand Duke, and Princess
Alice of Hesse (the Queen's grandchildren), had travelled
during the night from Osborne, Isle of Wight, to Renfrew
arriving at Blythswood in the morning at half-past eight on
Wednesday, the 22nd. Prince Henry of Battenberg had gone
to Scotland by sea, and was there to meet the Queen and
Princess on their arrival, in company with Sir Archibald
Campbell; Sir M. Shaw Stewart. Lord Lieutenant of Renfrew¬
shire ; Mr. H. J. Moncrieff, Sheriff of the county: Major-
General Lyttleton Annesley. Commander of the'Forces in
Scotland ; and Provost Wright, of Renfrew, who were presented
to the Queen. Her Majesty was dressed in black, and looked
exceedingly well as she smilingly acknowledged the welcome of
the bystanders. The Queen took her seat in a landau, in which
also eat Princess Beatrice, Prince Henry of Battenberg, and
tlie Duchess of Buccleucb, the Lady-in-Waiting; and the
carriage, attended by outriders, made its way to Blyths¬
wood, followed by a procession of vehicles carrying other
guests of Sir Archibald Campbell.
The Royal visitors left Blythswood for Glasgow at three
o'clock. Before entering the railway-station a brief halt was
made at the Municipal Buildings, Renfrew, and her Majesty
was presented with an address by the Town Council. The
Queen handed her reply to the Provost. It was in tho
following words :—
It affords me nun'll pleasure to have this opportunity of visiting a Royal
Burgh so closely connoclm! with the ancient history of my kingdom hi
Scotland, amt of seeing a district which has done so much hi modern times
for thu prosperity of the Lulled Kingdom.
The journey was resumed, and St. Enoch Station was
reached at ten minutes past four o'clock. Hero elabmate
preparations had been made for the reception. The station is
the terminus of the Glasgow and South-Western Railway, and
the spacious interior and also the extensive square readily
lend themselves to the art of the decorator. The immense
arch of the station was draped with flowing curtains and
enlivened with wreaths of evergreens and flowers. The ornate
fronts of the station and hotel were brilliant with colour.
Around and oyer the entrance to the latter, palms and shrubs
were massed in great abundance. From the first and third
floors draperies of crimson and yellow were hung. Along tho
whole length of the second floor, where the ornamentation
was orange edged with red, trophies and shields were disposed
at intervals, and all the balconies were bright with foliage.
Flags waved from the dormer windows on the roof, and the
Royal standard was hoisted on tlie staff of the tower sur¬
mounting the whole building.
The Highland troops, forming a guard of honour at the
station, received her Majesty with a Royal salute. The Mar¬
quis of Lothian, being .Secretary for Scotland, presented Sir
James and Lady King, Lord Hamilton of Dalzell, Vice-
Lieutenant of Lanarkshire, Sheriff-Principal Berry, Dr. Mar¬
wick. and Major-General Annesley. The Queen had been given
a bouquet by Miss White, of Renfrew, and Lady King now
offered another, the Lord Provost tendering an equally bcauti-
ful grift of orchids to Princess Beatrice.
The Royal party then walked across the platform, which
was laid with crimson cloth, to the carriages in waiting at tho
south-west corner of the station. Headed by an escort of tho
ROTHESAY CASTLE, ISLE OF BUTE, FROM A SKETCH MADE IN 1846.
254
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
15th Hussars, the Royal pageant departed from the station, and
proceeded amidst the hearty cheers of the people to the new
Municipal Buildings, going by way of St. Euoch’s-sqtiare, up
Buchanan-street, along St. Vincent-place, to the front entrance
of the Municipal Buildings in George-sq nare.
On this part of the route the decorations were very fine.
The opening from St. Enoch’s-square into Argyle-street was
spanned by the first triumphal arch, shaped and painted bo as
to imitate a structure of freestone. It was surmounted by a
Royal crown. The somewhat sombre appearance of the arch
itself was relieved by flowing draperies of rich crimson, looped
with orange. Looking up Bnchanan-street, the eye was almost
dazzled by the profusion of gorgeous colours. Flowing stripes
of variegated material, and flags of almost every nationality,
hung down the fronts of the handsome buildings or waved
across the fashionable and busy thoroughfare. The east eml
of Sauchiehall-street was conspicuous also by the richness
and the taste of its display. A long avenue of Venetian
roasts, rising from tufts of foliage, led up to the triumphal
arch, which stood at the highest point of the street, near the
Corporation Galleries. Along the line wreaths and streamers
filled the spaces between the masts, while strings of artificial
roses stretched from side to side, presenting from a distance
the appearance of a light roof of pink and ■white. The
triumphal arch was mo9t elegant; its piers were shaped
into niches, lined with crimson and filled with palms and
towering shrubs. The arch itself was of trellis-work,
filled out with verdure, and relieved by masses of flowers.
Beyond this the decorations were continued to Kelvin-
grove Park.
At the entrance to George-s^uare another triumphal
arch, similar to the first in general effect, had been erected. The
square itself, which had been kept clear, presented a very
effective scene. Three sides of it were lined with gold-tipped
Venetian masts, adorned with flags and wreaths. The frontages
of all the buildings on these three sides were decked with
coloured hangings, while in striking contrast the new Muni¬
cipal Buildings were unadorned, save by the Royal Standard,
which waved over the porch. The bright green square of
lawn, with the beds of bright fresh flowers, came as a pleasant
relief to the eye. The Municipal Buildings, the foundation-
stone of which was laid five years ago, had been completed
externally for some time. They were constructed from the
designs of Mr. W. Young, architect, London, and standing on
one of the finest sites in the city, are in every way worthy of
their position. They occupy the entire eastern side of the
square. Within the square, the equestrian statues of the
Queen and Prince Albert were effectively decorated. The tops
of the pedestals were trimmed with heather, and at the corners
were shields bearing the arms of England, Ireland, Wales, and
Scotland. Surrounding the bases were banks of flowers and
rare plants. As the Royal procession drove through the square
the greatest enthusiasm prevailed among the spectators who
had the pleasure of witnessing the procession both going and
returning.
The proceedings at the Municipal Buildings were brief, her
Majesty’s stay being only for about ten minutes. On arriving
at the grand entrance the Queen was presented by the Lord
Provost, Sir James King, with a gold key, and with the follow¬
ing address, which was read by Dr. Marwick, the Town
Clerk:—
May it please your Majesty—Wc, the Lord Provost, Magistrates, and
Council of the city and Royal burgh of Glasgow, desire, for ourselves and tlic
community wc represent, tooffor your Majesty thorenewed expression of our
loyalty and dovotion to your Majesty’s person, throne, and family, and the
assurance of our grateful appreciation of the distinguished honour you have
done the city in consenting to inaugurate its Municipal Buildings and to
visit the Industrial Exhibition now being held here. Sine© the consecration
of the Cathedral and the foundation of the burgh in the twelfth century,
Glasgow has received frequent visits from the Scottish Sovereigns. The
saintly King David I. attended the consecration of the Cathedral: King
James II. and King James III. often visited the city. Both the lasummed
Sovereigns were Canons of tho Cathedral, and conferred upon Dir See
and the burgh signal marks of Royal favour. Queen Mary resided In
Glasgow fora few days, and It was twice visited by King James VI These
Royal recognitions have been frequently renewed during your Majesty’s
auspicious reign. The city was honoured and gratilie 1 by a visit from your
Majesty and the Prince Consort In 1S49 ; and ton years later your Majesty
was graciously pleased to open the works by which the city received the
water supply which it has since drawn from Loch
Katrine. Since thou, Glasgow has been honoured by the
presence of members of the Royal family on several
occasions--In tho unveiling of the statue of the lamented
Prince Consort; in the laying of the foundation-stones of
tho University Buildings and General Post Office: and,
throe months since, in the opening of tho Exhibition
which your Majesty is now about to visit. Of these
repeated evidences of favour the citizens arc deeply
sensible, and they have sought to connect their Municipal
Buildings with your Majesty's Jubilee, so as to give
permanent expression to the admiration and love with
which your Majesty is regarded here. The structure will,
wc trust, long remain a memorial of a reign unexampled
In the magnitude and far-reaching Issues of the event*
comprised within it; in tho public and private virtues of
the Sovereign ; ami in the perfect sympathy which exists
between the Crown and the people. Given in the name
and on belwlf of the Lord Provost, Magistrates, nnd
Council of the city and Royal burgh of G1 isgow, and the
seal of the citv affixed hereto, this 22nd day of August,
1888.—James Kino, Lord Provost; J. D. Marwick,
Town Clerk.
The gold casket containing the address
having been handed to the Queen, her Majesty
read the following reply :—
I thank yon most sincerely toryonr rcnowed assurance
of attachment to my throne and person. I am deeply
touched by your reference to my previous visit to Glasgow,
when I was accompanied by my beloved husband, I
gladly inaugurate these noble Municipal Buildings, which
are worthy of the ancient renown and modern prosperity
of your great city.
The Lord Provost then presented the Magis¬
trates and leading officials of the Corporation,
after which her Majesty drove out of the qnad-
rangle, and proceeded to the International
Exhibition. Along the route to Kelvin-grove
Park, vast multitudes of people were assembled,
who hailed the Queen's appearance with immense
cheering. Another trinmphal arch near the
Lord Provost’s residence formed an entrance to
the park. It was in the Oriental style of the
Exhibition building. At the grand entrance to
the Exhibition, a portico, tastefully adorned with
wreaths and flowers, and covered with brood
stripes of alternate red and white, had been
constructed. Prominent over the entrance the
Imperial arms were to be seen ; those of Scot¬
land, Ireland, and the Colonies were ranged on
either side. The whole was surmounted by the
Royal crown of England. Inside the building
the original draperies had been replaced by elegant festoons
of blue material, which greatly added to the effect of the
elaborate frieze. At the west end of the ball, on the site
before occupied by the colossal statue of Robert Burns, a Royal
dais had been erected. Four broad low steps led to the throne,
which was a richly designed seat, flanked by lions and display¬
ing tk'J Iloyal arras of England The canopy, rising to a
height of above thirty feet, was supported by light pillars and
nted by a gilded dome and Royal crown. Curtains
d on eaob side of tho canopy across the dais. All the
draperies were of Royal purple, with gold fringe. The wood¬
work was ivory coloured and gilt. On the top were shields
bearing the arms of India, Canada, Australia, and South
Africa. Behind the Queen s chair was n floral shield bearing
the letters V.R. The chairs were upholstered in ivory satin.
The Royal Archers, the Queen's Scottish Body-Guard, under
v v\ n and Lady Kins
\N\ x v proceeded by tl
>v hall to the Wo:
x*' and inspected :
THE GLASGOW EXHIBITION ! MODEL OF 74-OVN FRIGATE, MADE
OF BONE IVY A FRENCH PRISONER OF WAR.
command of the Duke of Buccleuch and the Earl of Stair,
formed a guard of honour. The Seaforth Highlanders stood
on guard behind them.
Sir Archibald Campbell, President of the Executive Com¬
mittee, the Vice-Chairman, and the conveners of the Committee
received her Majesty at the Exhibition. The Royal party
passed through the main avenue to the dais in the Grand Hall,
the National Anthem being performed by the Choral Union,
bands, and organ. The Royal procession was headed by Sir
Donald Matheson and Col. Clark, marshals, the General Mana¬
ger, Secretary, and Architect of the Exhibition, the Vice-Chair¬
man, the Duke of Montrose, the Marquis of Breadalbane, the
Earl of Stair, and the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, in the
capacity of Vice-Presidents. Then came the Equerries-in-
Waiting ; then Sir A. Campbell and Sir Janies King : and then
the Queen, walking very slowly, side by side with the Grand
Duke of Hesse, the rest of the Royal family coming behind.
The household followed, and the next in order were the con¬
veners of the Women’s Industry Section, Lady King, Lady
Campbell, and the Duchess of Abercorn. Committees in
numerous array and the executive staff brought up the rear of
the procession. The National Anthem having been sung, Sir
Archibald Campbell, as President, read an address from the
Executive Council of the Exhibition. Of this the following
extract may be quoted :—
t to the signal s
GLASGOW EXHIBITION
E.NTHAL
been honoured? ft has now been opon for nearly four months, and
daring that period has been visited by upwards of two minions anrl
a half of jKople from your Majesty's wide empire. Ijoth borne and
colonial, besides great numbens from tlic Continent of Europe and the
United States of America, all nltmcted by a display of some of the boldest
productions In every dcjsirtmcnt of science and art and of manufactures,
nud which, we believe, none have had an opportunity of seeing without
expressions ol the warmest admiration. We now respectfully submit for
your Majesty's (usiicctlnn some of the principal features and contents of the
Exhibition, and express our grateful sense of the distinguished honour
which yonr Majesty is now conferring upon this city and the J ? ,xhihlt(on.
We earnestly pray that your Majesty may long be sjxircd to reign over a
happy and united people.
The Queen, in an unusually low tune of voice, read a reply
in the following words :—
It Is with the utmost gratification that I receive the loyal and dutiful
address which you have Just presented, nnd 1 am greatly' pleased by the
warm manner in which i have been welcomed by tho vast coimmmitr of
tills groat ettr. 1 atn deeply sensible of the advantages which the manu¬
facturing and commercial interests of tho whole civilised world have
received from these exhibitions, which weve first organised bv my beloved
husband in 1851. 1 rejoice In the well-doservo.l success whlchTtas crowned
your efforts, and I heartily oiler you my best wishes for the continued
prosperity of this groat undertaking.
The Lord Provost handed the official badge of the Exhi¬
bition to the Queen, and the following gentlemen were indi¬
vidually presented :—Messrs. Dickson and Shearer, Vice-
Chairmen ; Mr. H. Anthony Hedley, General Manager ; Colonel
Cunningham. Secretary : and Mr. Sellars, Architect. All (he
coin pony resuming their seats in imitation of the Royal per¬
sonages upon the dais, the "Song of Praise," composed by Mr.
Joseph Bradley, followed by " Auld Lang Syne," were sung.
While a selection of Scottish national airs was being
performed, her Majesty and the Royal party, accompanied
by Sir Archibald and Lady Campbell, Sir James
and Lady King, and the Duchess of Abercorn,
' y the north-west tower of the grand
Women's Art and Industry Section,
_ _ inspected first the Irish, then the Scotch,
/ and then the English and Welsh Sections. Her
/ Majesty was received in the Irish Section by the
Duchess of Abercorn and the Irish Com¬
mittee, and in the other sections by Lady Campbell and
tlie Central Committee. In each section the Lady Con¬
vener presented the officials of the section. The ladies
co nposing the committees were presented to her Majesty
in their respective sections. These ladies had received
orders to wear black. The Art Galleries were next visited
under the guidance of Mr. Francis Powell and Mr. Robert
C raw ford, and lastly the Artisan Section. The return to St.
Enoch Station was a repetition of the popular demonstration
ill the streets; and travelling, as before, by special train, it
was nearly dusk when the Queen reached Blythswood.
On Thursday, Ang. 23, her Majesty visited the prosperous
manufacturing town of Paisley, which celebrated on that day
the four hundredth anniversary of its municipal charter,
granted by King James IV. of Scotland in 1488. The Queen,
with Princess Beatrice, and with the Grand Duke of Hesse
and his son and daughter, drove from Blythswood to Paisley,
between five and six o’clock. At the Town Hall, an address
from the Corporation was presented by Provost Cochrane, to
which her Majesty made a gracious reply. Earlier in the day,
Princess Beatrice, with her husband Prince Henry of Batten-
berg, went in the Royal yacht Victoria and Albert np the
Clyde to Govan, where her Royal Highness performed the
ceremony of launching the Marathon, a new armed cruiser for
the Royal Navy, built at the Fairfield Shipbuilding and
Engineering Works, under the direction of Sir William Pearce.
On Friday, Aug. 24, the Queen again visited the Glasgow
Exhibition, also the University of Glasgow, and Qoeen
Margaret's College for Ladies, before her departure to Balmoral.
A baronetcy has been conferred on the Lord ProvoBt of Glasgow,
and tile Town Clerk lias been knighted.
The Exhibition itself, apart from tho Queen’s visit, has
already been described. We give some additional Illustrations :
the View from under the Central Dome; that of the Main
Avenue, looking west; the Indian Section, with the wood-
carvers ; the women and girls from Shetland and Fair Isle, at
work knitting; and one or two manufacturing processes.
The Indian Section occupies the courts numbered 32, 33, and
34, where are gathered manufactures from every part of India:
carpets, rugs, jewellery, silk, wool, and cotton fabrics ; wood-
carving and lacquered work, metal work, pottery, glass and
leather work. Some of these articles have been purchased
with tlie funds provided by the Exhibition authorities ; the rest
have been forwarded by private parties for exhibition and sale.
An Oriental aspect is given to these courts by the erection of
model structures, representing temples, pagodas, fee. The
wall-space above the stalls is hung with gorgeously coloured
carpets from the Eastern looms. To the west of Court 34,
a small space has been fitted up to resemble an
Indian bazaar, tvhere native workmen may be seen
plying their trades as jewellers, wood-carvers,
potters, and makers of sweetmeats, with their
own primitive tools. In the general Exhibi¬
tion. Class XVIII.. that of jewellery, in the
main avenue, the Diamond-Cutting Company
tLimited), of London, show the process of
cutting and polishing Indian, South African,
Brazilian, Australian, and other diamonds by
special machinery. Among the Illustrations
that we gave last week were those of the
making of black-lead jtencils and pen-holders,
exhibited bv Messrs. R. Wilson and Co., of
Keswick, Cumberland.
The decorations of St. Enoch’s railway-
station and hotel at Glasgow, those of the
mansion of the Lord Provost, and of other
public and private buildings, were provided by
Messrs. J. Defries and Sons, of Ilonudsditoh,
London. _
The members of tho Middlesex Natural
History Society assembled recently, at Edg-
ware, under the directorship of Mr. Sydney T.
Klein, and proceeded through the town of
Edgware to the old church at Whitchurch,
where the Rector fully explained the many
objects of interest. Canons Park, formerly the
scat of the Duke of Chandos, was also visited,
Brocklev Hill being reached by the old Roman
road of ” Watling-street, where tbe site of tho
Roman town of Sulloniacac was inspected. The
members were then taken through private
grounds to exatniue the obelisk of Cassivel-
aunus, a Roman encampment, two ancient
barrows (one in course of being opened), and
a facsimile of Rousseau’s Tomb; afterwards
crossing Busbcy-heath to the residence of M r.
Sydney T. Klein at Stanmore, by whom all the
members were hospitably entertained.
Miss Edith Woodworth’s Buttercup nnd
Daisy Fund has proved highly successful.
Over 300 sick children, collected from some
of the poorest districts of London, have been
sent into the country for two weeks by the
aid of the fund. One hundred and thirty have gone to Salis¬
bury, seventy to Dean, thirty-five to East Grinstead, twenty-five
to Godaiming, and many others to Halstead, Caterham, Most
Brighton, and Broodstairs. Tho fund pays for the return fatos
of the children and for their entire keep for the fortnight.
This result has been mainly obtained through the performance
of ** Frou-Frou.’’ given at the Globe Theatre on July 2<i, by alt.
Edgar Brnce and Miss Woodworth, with the kind assistance
of tlie artistes who appeared on that occasion; but Miss
Woodworth has also to thank many friends for their donations.
SEPT. I, 1888
255
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
ROTHESAY CASTLE AND THE CLYDE.
Oar View of Rothesay Castle, from a sketch made in 1846 by
Mr. W. Simpson, belongs to the series of illustrations of “The
Clyde, Past and Present.” Rbthesay Castle is supposed to have
been first erected in 1098, by Magnus Barefoot, King of Nor¬
way, ns a stronghold when he was bent on the conquest of the
Western Isles of Scotland. Its first plan was that of n great
circular wall, 110 feet in diameter, with four projecting round
towers. About the middle of the fourteenth century, King
Robert II. added a palace to the original construction, ami
he is supposed to have built the chapel of St. Michael, which
is now only a ruin within the walls. Over the princi¬
pal entrance to the palace, in a panel, are the Royal
Arms of Scotland. The Prince of Wales derives from
this place his title of Duke of Rothesay, the eldest soil of the
Kings of Scotland having that title in former times. This old
castle was left in ruins when burned in 1685, and the interior
was a mass overgrown with shrubs and weeds. In 1874, the
Marquis of Bute, who is hereditary keeper, took charge of the
place, and since then it has been well looked after. It is an
interesting specimen of the bnronial architecture of the period
to which it belongs. The island of Bute is noted for its
mild climate; it is the Isle of Wight of Scotland, and
consumptive patients take advantage of its salubrity.
There is on Loch Fad a small residence still known ns
“ Kean’s Cottage,” where Edmund Kean, the actor, stayed for
some time. The views of Arran and the Firth of Clyde are
very fine ns seen from Barone Hill and other heights in the
island
The view down the Clyde from near Kilpatrick, of which
the same Artist gives a Sketch, is one of the most noted views
on the river. It shows the Forth and Clyde Canal, which ends
nt Bowling. Beyond Bowling is Durnglass, and the hill of
Dumbnck towers high above; Dumbarton Rock stands out
alone, and marks pretty nearly where the Clyde ceases to be a
river and becomes a firth. In the distance are the mountains
of Argyllshire; on the south side of the river is Blantyre
House. Adjacent to Kilpatrick are the populous villages* of
Dalmuir and Kilbowic. with some important factories. One of
these is the vast establishment of the Singer Sewing-Machine
Company, covering twenty-two acres. These works, capable
of producing sewing-machines in a week, give employ¬
ment. when business is good, to four or five thousand hands.
They have a steam-whistle that can be heard at Paisley, five
miles distant. The managers considerately stopped this whistle
during the Queen’s sojourn at Blytbswood.
THE HIGH COMMISiSIOXER.SIIIP IX SOUTH AFRICA.
A Blue-book has been published containing the “ Correspond¬
ence relating to the High Conimissionership in South Africa
and its Separation front the Governorship of the Cape,”
together with a sketch-map of South Africa from the Zambesi
to Cape 1'Agulhas.
The Rev. John Mackenzie, in a long communication to flic
Colonial Office, urges the necessity for the separation of the
office of High Com mission, t. discharging Imperial or general
functions, from that of Governor nf the Cape Colony,
discharging local nml special functions. He ways:—“The
business proper to the High t "nnuissioner at once would
be. firstly, the correiqKmdeuce with the Free State, Transvaal,
Natal, and Cape Colon vem border affair* in such eases as are now
brought before the High C*mtnii-si..m'r or the Special Cum-
missioiter forZuUilaud ; secondlv. the guidance of tbeadiutuis-
trurorship* of Basutoland, Zulnl.-md. Swaziland. IWloiaud.
and Itochuinalaiii! North ami South. There is the loudest call
for ad mi ni«l ration in each ami all of these places, h is to our
discredit, that it has not been mm .. supplied." Those functions.
he urges.ennilot properl v be fulfilled by llm Governor of lbe t ape
Colon v. Tbo Secretary of tie* Colonial Office, in acknowledging
the receipt of Mr. Macktn/.ms cnmnitmienGmi. says that be is
not prepared to recommend tin’ assumption by this country
of the great amount of interference in. and direct re¬
sponsibility for. the details of extra-Colonial affairs in
South Africa which hi- br»r- appear to advocate. Sir
Hercules Robinson, iu a despatch to Lord Knutsford. gives
his objections to the proposed changes, and encloses nn extract
from the leading article in the t'nfi. //'#«#*■ ..f June s, I***,
likewise ml verse to the proposal. A minute of tbeMinistcts to
the Governor is given in which they s i_\ •• the visible n-ulrs of
the present sv,stein are so good that ir is scarcely too much to
suv they eon Id nor be better/’ 1’imiilv. the text' of a question
addressed to the Cape Premier cm the subject i> added, ami a
telegraphic despatch announcing llmt both Hulls.* of Parlia¬
ment had unanimously resolved that the separation of the
offices would be fraught with danger to the future peace ami
welfare uf South Africa.
THE VOLUNTEERS.
The officers who have hcen appointed to command the nineteen
brigades of infantry Volunteers under the home defence
mobilisation scheme have received from the War office a letter
containing full instructions as to the duties they would have
to perform in the event of a demand being made upon them
The “ letter of service ’’ is accompanied by a circular from Lord
Wolscley, Adjutant-General, desiring the brigadier.gem niIs
to state suggestions for improving the efficiency and rcadim—
of their brigades, and that they should keep in constant, touch
with the units composing their commands.
Lieutenant-Colonel Godwin Auricti, of SliaJford Park, has
offered the National Rifle Association a site close to Guildford,
lying between I'ewley Hill and Chantry Downs, for iheuiiniial
competition. Ranges np to loin» yards can be obtained, and
the site is said to be well screened. healthy, well drained, and
within a few miuutc*’ walk of Guildford Junction, where four
lines of railway converge. It is about twenty-eight mib*
from London.
Several of the metropolitan Volunteer rifle regiments were
engagird in coni|ictittve practice on Aug. 25 for a large and
valuable ii»t of prizes.
The Hon. Mrs. George Howard, of Castle Howard, York¬
shire. 1ms offered a scholarship of £2<» a vear for three years,
tenable at Aberdare Hall, to women students of the University
College of South Wales and Monmouthshire. Cardiff. The
scholarship will be awarded at the discretion of the executive
committee of the A ben 1 arc Hall.
From the annual accounts of the Chamberlain of the City
of London relating to the coal and wine dues, Blackfriars
Bridge, police, &c.. we learn that the gross amount of duty on
coals brought into the Port of London was £176,367 ;
brought by railway conveyance, 4220.045 : by inland navi¬
gation. £418 ; and by road traffic. £580; total coal duty.
£397,418; wine duty in the Port of London, £9575; grand
total, £406,991. Of this, £328,798 was paid into the bank to
the credit of the Metropolitan Board of Works to the account
of the Thames Embankment and Metropolis Improvement
rand. The City Police Fund showed that the receipts for the
year had been £ 131 , 512 . The expenditure under the Sewers
account had been £541,764. The City’s duty on coals had
been £176,630.
THE “CLACH DEARG” OF ARDVORLICII.
Among the articles on view in the collection of Scottish
antiquities that has been placed in the “ Bishop's Castle ” at
the Glasgow Exhibition, one of those selected for our Illus¬
trations is the once famous “ Clach Dcarg,” a supposed medi¬
cinal charm-stone, lent by Colonel Stewart, of Ardvorlich, Loch
Earn-head, Perthshire. This isa piece of clear rock crystal,almost
round in shape, and abont one and a half inches in diameter,
placed in a setting of four silver bands or slips. It derives its
name of “ dearg,” or red. from a pink tinge that comes over it in
certain lights after it has been dipped in water. Though not
mentioned in any of the family charters or papers, it has been
treasured in the family of Ardvorlich ns nn heirloom for at
least four hundred years, nml of old was esteemed by their
neighbours and followers as the peculiar token or badge of
chieftainship over the Balquidder Clan of Stewart, to which
branch of the Royal race the Ardvorlichs belong. According to
tradition it is one of two famous medicinal stones which, ns
Nesbit records in his “ History of Heraldry ” (Vol. II., page 75),
were brongbt over from the East, about the year 1450, by an
ancestor of the Ardvorlichs, James Beg Stewart, who was grand¬
son of Murdoch, Regeut of Scotland and Duke of Albany. He,
being involved in the misfortunes of all the Albany Stewarts
of bis day, during his exile from Scotland, took part in one of
tho later Crusades, from which he carried off as spoil these
famous stones. This story is confirmed by the Oriental pattern
of the setting. The Ardvorlich stone was very much esteemed
as a sovereign remedy for several distempers incident to man¬
kind, and very necessary for curing diseases in cattle. The
other atone is said to have been given away as an extra¬
ordinary present by Alexander Stewart to one of the Earls of
Moray. So lately as 1854, the “ Clach Dearg" continued to be
used for curing diseases in cattle, its efficacy as a remedy for
human ills having fallen out of repute some time before.
People came from far and near, sometimes from a distance of
forty miles, to carry away tho water in which the stone had been
dipped. The way was for each applicant to draw the water,
himself or herself, in a pitcher or bowl, which he solemnly
presented either to the laird or lady, who with great ceremony
and a mattered form of words like an incantation, stirred tho
stone thrice in the water, from left to right, holding it by the
chain. The last “ leddy ” who performed the rite is said to
i.i.A-iiiiw KxniiqTinN : Hvvnoui rrmx uf tiiu hisiiop's; castlk
IN TUB EXH1H1TIOX UUOLMUJ.
Imvi* always accompanied the action with the words, repeated
over ami over again, “If it’ll do nao gude, it'll do ye noe
ill, which sounded quite oracular enough in the cars of
the Gaelic-speaking devotees ! Tho water was then put
into a bottle and carried home ; but, as its virtue was
supposed to bo lost if taken into any house on the way
home, the bearer had to be careful not to cross any threshold
till he reached the byre or bothy where his patient lay,
whether cow, or -rirk. «-r horse. The people always said that
the “pnir lioastie." after tasting the sacred draught, immedi¬
ately stood upon its legs and was healed of the disease. In
1 - i, when the laird who succeeded to Ardvorlich was in India,
the “Clach Dearg” was put for safe keeping, along with
the family plate, in the strong room of a bank, where it re¬
mained for so many years that the belief in its healing power
is gone for over. _
A much desired amalgamation between the Sanitary Insti¬
tute of Great Britain and tin* Parke* Museum ha* taken place,
and the objects of the two societies will in future be carried
on by “The Sanitary Institute.”
A meeting of American officers, military and naval, now in
England, was held on Aug. 25, nt the residence of Colonel
G on rami. Norwood, when a resolution of condolence with tbo
family of the late General Sheridan was passed. Several of
the speakers, who had served under the late American com¬
mander. spoke in warm term* of his merits as an ideal soldier.
The annual prize-shooting contest of the Honourable
Artillery Company was bold on Vug. 24, and in the competi¬
tion for the officers’ prizes Sergeant- Wood, in spite of a strong
wind nml changeable light, scored 98, being only seven below
the highest possible. Private Chantler won the Prince of
Wales's prize with a fine score. Private Brooking being first
and Private Gilbert second, but both being disqualified os
having previously won the prize. Private Brooking was
awarded tbo prize given by the Fitzroy Lodge, and an oil
painting presented by the artist, Serjeant W. S. Jay. The Duke
of Portland's annual prize of fifteen guineas was awarded to
Serjeant J. F. O'Connor Wood, for an aggregate of 186 points.
Captain Bateman took the late Captain Jacob’s memorial prize,
with an aggregate of 175 points ; the veterans’ prizes were
won by Private D. Payne, with an aggregate of 170 points ;
and Private Homer, with 162 points. The final shoot for the
Championship of the Regiment resulted in the prizo presented
by the President of the Compauy being taken by Private
Gilbert. Several Compauy competitions wore also decided.
DANDELION DOWN.
To-day, na I sit at an open window which looks on a pleasant
meadow fringed with willow*, marking the margin of the
river, a dandelion seed has been wafted into the room by the
summer breeze. The dandelion, familiar as it may be to
everybody, isa flower which has locked up within its botanical
history a very considerable meed of curious philosophy. I
confess to possessing for that elegant flower, which is ordinarily
and contemptuously named a “ roadside weed.” a high measure
of respect. Primarily the dandelion is not one flower but
many—a colony of strap-shaped blossom*, nestling cosily on the.
flattened top of the hollow flower-stalk. Pluck out one of
those blossom*, and look at it narrowly by the aid of a pocket
lens. There is the yellow strap, toothed at the top, and
forming the corolla of the flower. Probably, once upon a time,
when the dandelion blossoms were not packed so closely to¬
gether (like human units themselves) this yellow strap was
composed of distinct and separate petal*. Its toothed or
fringed margin would seem to indicate as much. Down below
you see the down or silky hairs which represent the calyx of
the flower, or the green outer part you see so distinctly in the
rose, the strawberry (where it is double) or primrose. Here
the calyx is a mass of flossy hairs, and discharges, as wo shall
see, a useful purpose in the after-glow of dandelion life.
Below, the little flower forms a tube, and inside the
tube are the seed-producing organs. 1 he pistil, wherein the
seeds are matured, is that delicate stalk you may perceivo
rising in the middle of the tube. It is divided in two at its
tip, and the ends curl over. On these ends the pollen, or
yellow fertilising dust you see so distinctly in larger flowers,
will be placed, so as to ripen and fructify the ovules into
seeds. Stamens, too, for producing the pollen, the little
dandelion flower possesses, all united in a bunch around the
stalk of the pistil. So that inside tlii9 apparently insignificant
blossom, one of the hundred or two which make np tho
dandelion-head, you find all the parts of a perfect flower.
Little wonder that this race of plants flourishes exceedingly
and multiplies apace when you discover its colonial nature,
and its compound constitution.
After the blossom comes the fruit, and the dandelion
pistils ripen in due sen9on. The yellow leaves wither away,
because, having served as flags and ensigns to the insect-hosts,
which carry the pollen from one flower to the other, their
mission is post and over. Seed-time in dandelion history is
well known. You behold the head of flowers converted into a
perfect ball of downy hairs, and the children blow them off
puff by puff to calculate the time of day, in the exercise of
that popular mythology whereof childhood still retains many
examples. What has happened, then, to the dandelion-head as
its seed-time has dawned upon it.’ Chiefly this : the silky calyx
lias developed apace, and has come to form wings whereby the
seed* are carried hither and thither by the winds. Not content
with producing abundance of seeds, Madre Natura provides
for their dispersion far and wide over tho face of the earth.
There i* a wealth of wonderment to be obtained ont of tho
study which begins with a roadside weed and merges into the
great question of the diffusion of plant-life at large. The
dandelion-seed, which the wind has wafted through the open
window, speaks to ns of ways and means of securing the
propagation of the flowers by the cunning utilisation of tho
winds—just ns in other plants the waters may hear the seeds
to distant part*, or as other*, again, employ animal* to
carry their progeny and to spread their kind broadcast. Indeed,
from all we know about the dispersion of seeds, we are forced
to conclude that the contrivance and ingenuity of Nature are
nowhere more typically represented than in securing “ fresh
woods and postures new ” for the growth of plants. Even in
our dandelion there is found a certain noteworthy featuro
which is typical of many kindred devices for ensuring the due
perpetuation of the race. When the flowers arc being fer¬
tilised the head stands erect and prominent among the vege¬
tation of the highways. Then, when the seeds are ripening,
the stalk is lowered, and the flower lies horizontal or bent
towards the ground, 'i his device secure* the efficient maturing
of the seeds, and, when all is ready, and the ripened pistils or
“ fruits are prepared for dissemination, the flower-stalk rises
erect once more, and each puff of wind carries off the seeds,
borne through the air on their wings. “ Thistledown,” in ibis
•‘ i < nse l is seen to be a structure with a great purpose at its
back. These “airy nothings ” of the child represent some of
the means whereby this earth has become peopled and pastured
with the fullness of vegetable growth.
The floating dandelion seed, however, is but the beginning*
of thought in this direction, as I have said. When you stroll
through the garden or by the wayside, note how herb-robert,
by an ingenious catapult-arrangement, play* at •* pitch and
toss” with it* seeds ami scatters them abroad nnd around. If
you come across a squirting cucumber anywhere in the south
of Europe beware of touching it, lest you be greeted with a
veritable explosion of seeds. Watch the ripe poppy-head, full
of seeds, nnd note the little doors which lie just under the lid.
You may understand then, how, when the flower-stalk sways
to and fro with tho wind, the seeds are ejected and thrown ont
from their parent-capsule. Of winged seeds, too, there are
many tolerably heavy kinds, which are dispersed by means of
the wind acting on their parachutes. The sycamore seed
has a double wing, as also has that of the maple’, and the ash
and fir are also to be reckoned with in this sense of wind-
dispersed plants. When you stop to examine the burdock
seeds, you will then discover how the animal is pressed into
thy service of the plant, for you may note the booked hair*
with which the seeds arc provided and wherewith they cleave
and cling to tho hair aud fur of sheep and other unsuspecting
ministers of plant-life. Nor is the service of the animal
always unconscious. There ir a South African plunt whose
M*eds or fruits possess hooka of snch a nature that, when the
lion ha* innocently been made a carrier and disperser of these
seed*, the king of beasts has been done to death by the torture
and irritation they induce. The lion in attempting to free bis
hair from the seeds is apt to find them adhering to hi* mouth,
and the effort to get rid of the seeds is as often as not a hopeless
task. There is no space left wherein to ask you to remember
the sticky seed of the mistletoe—a rare provision among our
native plants—whereby it adheres to the tree which is to
form its " host.” It is a curious story, too, that of the dispersion
of seed* by the aid of birds. You may read how Darwin, by
the exercise of his patient industry,’seeing possible result*
where a lesser mind would “ pas* by on the other side,”
moistened and tended the clod of earth which a friend had
removed from the foot of a migrating bird. Out of this clod,
in time, developed dozens of plants, which, in the natural
order of things would have been carried by the bird over great
tracts of land and sea. Think, also, how volcanic islands, rising
from the azure main a- primitive tracts of land, an |
the winged seeds which fall ou their coasts and bring forth a
covering of vegetation to cover the barrenness of the earth.
I may not discourse at present on the why and wherefore
of colour in fruits as an aid to the dispersion of the seeds
contained therein. The dandelion seed is enough for to-day,
and opens the gateway of thought wide euough for you and
me for mauy days to come.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 1, 1888 — 256
THE QUEEN’S VISIT TO GLASGOW.
THE CLYDE, NEAR KILPATRICK: DUMDARTON CASTLE IX THE DISTANCE.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 1, 1888.—257
THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION AT BATH.
VIEW OP BATH, FROM NEAR THU ABBEY CEMETERY.
NE of the most ancient, and perhaps the most beau¬
tiful, of the cities in the West of England—attractive
in name and fame, agreeable in situation, handsomely
built, with an aspect of polite elegance in keeping
with its old-fashioned celebrity, and with an air of
urban retirement peculiarly its own—Bath bns l« en chosen for
this year's Congress of the British Association of Science. "Co
to Bath I" was the phrase and form of personal dismissal, in
those days when people were sometimes ordered to be “sent Pi
Coventry.” We never had any disinclination to go to Bath :
anybody may do well to go there now : there is hfa.it.
a very long list of people who went Pi Bath,
and came back much the hotter for it in health.
This list begins with the very enrlies t
of •‘British associations"; for King Bladnd.
grandson of the King Lud who 1 tailt
Ludgate, in London, a de¬
scendant of the Trojan hero
Brutus, who gave his name
to Britain, was oured of
leprosy by the Bath medicine 1
waters. He discovered their
efficacy by having infected
a herd of swine with his
disease, and observing tha.
they got rid of it by wallow¬
ing in a local pool. If a
sceptical generation will not
believe Ceoffrey of Mi n-
mouth, who ought to know
better than we can, as I e
lived much nearer the time,
which was Win H.C., let them
give credit to the Bath towns¬
folk of A.I). H» A statue
of Bladnd was then set up,
with an inscription in honour
of "Bladnd, son of Ilndi-
while the oity, instead of lying wholly at the bottom, ascends
these hills, forming terraces, squares, and crescents, one above
another, of fair stone houses, intermixed with gnrdens and
trees ; the Avon, which is as little beautiful as the Arno, flows
in a deep hollow beneath them. Such is the present aspect of
Hath.
The Bounin city of Aque Solis was much smaller, covering
mainly tlmt part of the site of modern Bath, to the west
and south, which
is now represented
by Westgate-
ts-vSs 7 --- street and Stall-
'• Street. It com-
\X prised a great permanent camp for two
l,..ri,,„s of Roman soldiers, a quadrangle
with a grand street, loo ft. wide, running
throueli the centre; and the grand
II el
Bathi
associations," io lie sure, of
extreme antiquity, but lint
" tin-advancement of science."
A learned and scientific
author, Mr. II. W. Freeman,
with medical diplomas, sur¬
geon to the Royal United
Hospital at Bath, whose
treatise on “The Thermal
ltathsnf Bat h,” just published
l.v Messrs. Hamilton. Adam-.
,ve preps
rejects the story of Bladml
and the. swine. He shows
even that this was a mere
absurd interpolation, if it
were to be found at all. in the
British hisPiry of Ceoffrey
of Monmonth, who dues say.
indeed, that Bladml, a phi¬
losopher and necromancer,
the father of King Lcir or
bear, was the founder of
Bath. The existence of an
ancient British town on this
site, and the ancient Britons'
acquaintance with the heal¬
ing virtue of the springs, are
points not questioned by Mr.
Freeman. The Romans, about
the year A.!>. 54, occupied
the town, which they called Aqua
Solis. It seems doubtful that this
name originally meant •• The
Waters of the Sun”: for ".Sal"
was a native local name, preserved
in that of the hill called Solsbttry,
before the men of Latin speech
came into the country. That hill
of singular appearance, at the south¬
west extremity of the Cotswohls, over¬
looking the valley of the Avou, may
have been the site of a primitive fort¬
ress-town of the Britons, from which
the lower town was oolonised, as in the
case of Old Sarum and Salisbury, or in
that of Fiesole and Florenoe.
The situation of Bath is not inferior
in natural beauty to that of Florence.
The valley iB similarly an amphitheatre
of verdant hills, rising on the east side
to tho height of GOO ft., at Clavertnn ;
on the north, Lansdowne Hill, to 813 ft.;
and on the west, at Bath wick, to 400 ft.;
A PEEP AT BATH, FROM BKECHEH HILL.
Basilica, the Temple of Diana, and the Temple of Mineral,
stood nearly where the Abbey, with its churchyard, and tho
l’ninp-room now stand. Architectural remnants, fragments
of fluted columns, sculptured capitals and cornices, prove tho
magnificence of those Roman edifices. To the south-west of
the Basilica, on the other side of the present Abbcy-sueet,
were discovered, first in 1755, portions of the Roman Baths,
the fnrther discovery of which took place in 1871, and then
excited much antiquarian comment. There are sundry hot
springs ill the soil under this quarter of the city, and the
Romans built their baths directly over the largest, to economise
its natural heat.
Tho visitor will find himself amply compensated for an
inspection of tho Roman baths, which, within the last few
years, have been exposed by the Corporation—perhaps the
most remarkable relic extant of the Roman occupation. A
description of those baths, with an Illustration, was given in
oar Journal on Oct. 20, 1883. Mr.
_ ^ - Freeman's hook should be consulted.
: L -_ 1 The Unman bath, shown ill one of
~r- our Illustrations, is HI ft. long and 3* ft.
wide, which was in the centre of a
hall. 110 ft. long and li.Sft.fi in. wide,
formerly roofed with a vault supported
by pilasters and arches, divided into
three aisles, the middle aisle covering
the bath. The pedestals and lower part
of several of the massive pilasters, with
the steps going down to the water,
appear in the Illustration ; behind them,
in the side aisles, which were decorated
with scnlpture, was a promenade
gallery. The floor of this ball is 20 ft.
below the level of the neighbouring
modern street. Another spacious apart¬
ment contained two sudatories, or
sweating-rooms, with a fireplace be¬
tween them anil fines to heat them.
The circular bath, recently discovered,
appears to hove been once lined with
lead.
In the fifth century of the Christian
era. when the Romans had departed,
there was a period of confasion among
the half-civilised natives, with whom
some Belgian colonists were intermixed.
Aqua: Solis, the stately and luxurious
Homan fashionable watering-place, fell
into ruin. The Saxon invaders of
Wessex, in 52D, besieged this town, but
were defeated on “ Mons Radon ions "liy
the renowned King Arthur. In 577,
King Ceanlin, ruler of Wessex, aided by
Cuthwin, achieved the victory
*. of Deorham or Dyrlmm, eight
miles from Bath, killing three
British chieftains, and success¬
fully fought the more decisive
battle, supposed to have been at
Badbury. near Bliiudford, in
Dorsetshire. The three im¬
portant cities, Bath, Cirencester,
and (iloucester, then fell into
the hands of tile Saxons or
•• English"; and the Celtic popu¬
lation were driven westward to
Exmoor, and into the parts of
Devonshire beyond the Exe.
When the Saxons became
Christians, a monastery was
erected at Rath, in ti7t>. by King
Osrie of lfwicca: a century
later, Kiug Oifa, of Mercia, who
had annexed mneh of Wessex
to his dominion, built a
Cathedral here, in which King
Edgar was crowned by St.
Dunstan, Arehbishop of Canter¬
bury, iu 1173. Bath was further
exalted by King Athclstan, who
established a Royal Mint in
this city. Under the Normans, though
it suffered a cruel punishment from
William Rufus for taking part with
his brother Robert, its prosperity was
advanced by the liberality of John Do
Villula of Tours, Bishop of Bath and
Wells, who constructed the Abbey
Baths, committing their charge to the
Abbot and Prior of the Beuedictino
monastery, for the public benefit.
Another Bishop founded the Lepers^
Hospital, providing it with tho Lepers’
Bath, which continued for centuries to
bo appropriated to tho exclusive use of
that unfortunate class of patients ; and
in tho twelfth century, it appears
258
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 1, 1888
from a curious Latin poem by Alexander Xcchvn, Dr* Tilth
therm .'.1 springs wv.v c>:iv.uoJ. We borrow a few lines
from the translation given by Mr. Freeman
The »n1|)ltor bath* of Bath arc wann alwny;
Taste, and be honied, with nil the ve may.
And think of this, the waters upward lei
Have their ltr*i origin In earth » oold Inti.
Warm art’ the water* nil the winter-tide:
The iNtrrf of earth are cln*wl, when fro*l* abide;
The fumen descend ; earth, nourishing the heat.
Pour* forth It.- -nlplnir stream, with health replete.
When -mum t comes, outburst the fume* amain;
The sfream gwws odd. for earth i* cold again,
go -toiuiieh- heat, when winter show* III* might;
Then, meal* well .seasoned tempt the appetite;
But when tlie Min i*mr* forth hi* *rorehing heat,
IteinlndiiiK »* of Phaeton’* mnd feat.
Then we no* *nhjert. too, to Nature’* rule;
Then falls the appetite, an l stomachs cool.
This ingenious description of the fancied analogy between
the variable force-*, those of animal heat.nffecting the digestive
functions, and the temperature of the Bath waters, does
credit to an author who wrote seven hundred years ago ;
Xecham was a native of St. Albans, who liecaine Abbot of
Cirencester. Mr. Freeman presents a'so some rather enter¬
taining passages from old writers of the sixteenth century,
with the quaint and fantastic account of Bath in Harrison’s
*• Description of England,’’ annexed to Holinshed's Chronicle,
in 1577, reprinted by the Xew Shakspere Society. An interesting
personage to be noticed in Elizabeth’s reign was Dr. William
Turner, Dean of Wells, who had been a doctor of medicine,
and who wrote a treatise on the baths of Germany, Italy, and
England. Dr. John Jones. M.D., anthor of “The Baths of
Bath's AM,” in 1572, is next introduced, and is followed by
notable local physicians of later date, Dr. John Sherwood,
Dr. Edward Jorden, and Dr. TobicVenncr. in the seventeenth
century ; Dr. Robert Peirce, who won the highest professional
repute ; Dr. T. Guidott. and Dr. E. Baynard, men of consider¬
able literary talent, who bring us down to the Georgian era,
and to the grand times of fashion and aristocracy at Bath.
Royal patronage had, indeed, conferred occasional favours
on Bath during the Stuart reigns. King James I.’s consort,
Queen Anne of Denmark, and Queen Henrietta Maria, wife of
Charles I., had sojourned here for the sake of the health-giving
waters. But the place had then few artificial or social attrac¬
tions. At the same time, it was forbidden by the superior
commercial advantages of its neighbour. Bristol, to obtain any
considerable trado. It had many handlooms employed in the
manufacture of “ Bath coating ” and “ Bath beaver,” a sort of
plush, but did not share the important broad¬
cloth indnstry of Fromc and other western
towns. The custom of the richer classes going
to - watering-places.” as well for a change in
the manner of amusement as for refreshment
after London dissipation, began towards the
close of the seventeenth century. Bath seems
to have taken the lead, which was followed,
a quarter of a century later, by Tunbridge
Wells. The Assembly Rooms Bad a presiding
manager, styled Master of the Ceremonies, to
which office, in 1704, Mr. Richard Xash was
appointed, the famous “ King of Bath,” a man
of real ability aud public merit. He could not
perform his multifarious and often delicate
functions without making some personal
enemies, and ho was unjustly satirised and
ridiculed as “ Beau Xash in one of Smollett’s
novels he is made to appear an affected fop.
The contemporary literature of the reign of
George II., the biographical memoirs and
correspondence, especially, of persons of any
distinction, frequently refer to Bath ; and its
rapidly increasing imjiortance was then shown
by the*building of fine streets—Great Pultenev-
serect is worthy of Mayfair in London—named
after eminent persons of high rank. Pultcney,
Earl of Bath, was one of the ablest and most
influential Statesmen of the Walpole period,
and was admired by Lord Chesterfield as tie
greatest of Parliamentary orators. To amateurs
of eighteentli-centnry satire in verse, Ansteys
“Xew Bath Guide,’ which is clever and
humorous, mnst still lie familiar ; but it relates
the whims and caprices of a world that has long
passed away. Indeed, we feel this almost ns
strongly in reading our •• Pickwick." written by Charles Dickens
some fifty years ago. when he caricatural the orthodox rule of
lolite life* at Ba-ath, in the behaviour of Angelo Cyrus
lantam. Esquire, M.C., a successor of Beau Xash, who does the
honours of the place to its visitors with an overpowering excess
of civility. •• l’he fat old lady.’” inquired Mr. Pickwick
innocently. “Hush, my dear Sir—nobody’s fat or old in
Ba-ath. That’s the Dowager Lady Snuphanuph.” “ Is it,
indeed ? ” said Mr. Pickwick. - Xo less a person, I assure you.
That gpleudidly-dressed yonng man, coming this way, is the
richest young man in Ba-ath at this moment. Young Lord
Mufanbed. You’ll hear his voice in a moment. He’ll speak tome.
Very re-markable ! ” And so it goes on ; but Dickens, in 1837,
was a Cockney, with little experience of provincial fashionable
society, and probably drew to a large extent on his own
fancy, and on his reading of the old humourists. Those who
were acquainted with Bath, or with any other West of
England city or county town, in their youth half a century
since, can hardly admit the truth of such pictures, however
amusing : or believe that the author then knew much of the
manners he professed to describe.
With reference to our Illustrations of Bath, a few particu¬
lars remain to be mentioned. The Abbey Church, at the south
end of High-street, is remarkable for the height of the
clerestory and the oblong sha)>e of the tower, which, from the
nuinlier and size of ils windows, iu all fifty-two, lias been
called thc“ Lantern of England.” Founded in 1500, and built
in the shape of a Latin cross, in the pure Perpendicular style,
it was in the last decade restored by Sir Gilbert Seott at a cost
of €35,000. The only parish churches of which anything
need be said are St. Swithin’s, containing the remains of
Christopher Anstey and Madame D’Arblay. whose writings have
recently been revived ; and St. Paul's, built when the demo¬
lition of St. Mary's Chapel was rendered necessary by the con¬
struction of a better approach to the Midland station. The
little church of Thomas a Bucket, at Widcombe. a short
distance out of Bath, is worth a visit.
The baths and springs of mineral waters belong to the
Corporation of the city. The Grand Pump-room is on the
west side of the Abbey Church, and is the third of its kind
which has occupied that Bite. It is a handsome bnilding,
which contains a marble statue of Xash, by Prince lloare.
The charge for occasionally drinking the water is twopence
per glass ; for regular visitors there is a fixed tariff. The most
ancient of the baths is “The King's," close by the Grand
Pump-room. It must have been built prior to 1512, for it is
described by Leiand, who that year saw it. The Queen's Bath,
hard by, was erected in 1597 by Mr. Bellott, a munificent public
benefactor and a very distinguished citizen, intimate with the
Cecils, Elizabeth's Ministers ; it was need by Queen Anne of
Denmark, hence its name.
The Grand Pump-room stands on the western side of the
abbey, and is much admired as a piece of classic architecture.
The handsome building in Bath-street is the Grand Pump-
room Hotel, in the southern wing of which will be found the
splendid baths (undoubtedly the best in the city) erected in
1870 at a cost of £10.000 by the enterprising Corporation.
Besides these, there arc the Royal Private Baths, the Tepid
Swimming Bath, the Cross Bath* and the Hot Bath, so called
because of the height of its temperature, registering 13odeg.
The thermal treatment is most prescribed for gout and rheum¬
atism, and is also efficacious iu indigestion, palsy, and entaneous
affections, as well as in some forms of nervous disorder.
Visitors to Bath will also see the Guildhall, in the High-
street, erected towards the close of the last century : the
adjoining Market; the Assembly Rooms, between Alfred-
Btrcet and Bennett-strco:: and the Literary and Scientific
Institution, facing the North Parade: as well as the Royal
Victoria Park, laid out with rare skill, and abounding in
attractions : the Sydney Gardens, finely timbered; and the
bridges, from some of which charming views of the Avon
valley may be commanded.
Bath has numerous charitable institutions and schools.
Victoria Park has a lake, statuary, warlike trophies, rockwork,
an orchestra, and other attractive features, with a great variety
of really charming walks and views. The Sydney Gardens
nlso are open to the public, through which, by a deep cutting,
runs the Great Western Railway. One of the famous insti¬
tutions of Bath is its archery club. The bridges arc—the Old
Bridge, erected in the fourteenth century, on which originally
stood a small chapel, dedicated to St. Lawrence; Pulteney
Bridge, erected in 177(1, on either side of which are rows of
shops ; Cleveland Bridge, an iron one, connecting Bath wick-
street and Walcot; the iron bridge uniting the Xorth and
South Parades ; the Victoria Suspension Bridge, the Albert
Suspension Bridge, and two railway bridges. On the summit
of Lansdowne Hill stands the tower erected by the author of
*• Vatbek,” the eccentric and wealthy Mr. Bcckford, rising to
the height of 154 ft. above the Lansdowne Cemetery, which
is on a hill 800 ft. above the sea-level, and commands an im¬
mense view of Somersetshire. Wiltshire, and Gloucestershire,
the Bristol Channel, and the Welsh hills iu the distance.
Beck ford's tomb is outside the cemetery, on a site chosen by
himself. The Abbey Cemetery is on another hill, below Prior
Park, which was the residence of Mr. Ralph Allen, noted in
the reign of George II. as the designer and manager of country
post-office communication, as a wealthy proprietor of stone-
quarries, and a generous benefactor of the neighbourhood.
His mansion, an elegant building adorned with sculpture, was
visited by Pope, who wrote of its modest owner,
Lot humble Allen, with ingenious *li:nuc.
I)o good by Mtcultli, mid blu*h to lltul it (nine.
It was also at Prior Park that Fielding was a visitor when he
wrote “Tom Jones.” The house is now a Homan Catholic
College. _
Over 50,000 people visited the annual floral fete of the
Shropshire Horticultural Society on Aug. 23 at Shrewsbury.
All day long excursionists arrived from London, Liverpool,
Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds, Cardiff, aud other places.
The receipts reached a total of €2500.
At the annual meeting of the Bath and Wells Diocesan
Society, held on Aug. 23, the Archbishop of Taunton presented
to the Bishop of Bath and Wells, on behalf of the archdeacons,
rural deans, and clergy of the diocese, a gold and s-tpphire
episcopal ring, together with an illuminated address and a
cheque for £170, for any diocesan object he might select. The
gift was specially made in connection with his eightieth
birthday, which he celebrated on Aug. 20.
The preparations for the Jubilee Exhibition of the Royal
Agricultnral Society of England, which will be held next June
iu Windsor Great Park, under the presidency of the Queen,
have already begun, ns schedules have been issued of prizes for
bops. jams, and preserved fruits to be com|K»ted for at that
meeting. Prizes of £20 and £ 10 are offered for hops exhibited
by the actual growers in each of the six following classes :—
East Kent, Mid Kent, Weald of Kent, Hants or Surrey, Here¬
ford or Worcester, and .Sussex hops. The prizes for jams and
preserved fruits are somewhat more elaborate*, and are of
especial interest iu view of the fact that fruit-growing is a
rising national industry, and that the Windsor Exhibition of
next year will probably be the first preserved fruit show on
record. There are two sots of prizes—one iu which fruit
growers and associations of fruit growers are alone allowed to
compete, and the other for manufacturers of jams who are not
fruit growers. Prizes of £0 and £ I (with a third prize of £2
in case six exhibitors compete) are offered in each of the
following classes —Jams, fruit jellies, bottled fruit, preserved
fruit for dessert purposes, dried or evajiorated fruits for cooking
parjwscs, and fruit pulps. In each ease the jams or fruits
must be prepared exclusively from fruits grown in the United
Kingdom in the year 18.88. The entries close on Xov. 1 next
for hops, and on Dec. 1 for jams aud preserved fruits.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Nov. 30, 1881). with three codicils (dated
May 20, 1887. and April 5 and June 12, 1888), of Colonel
Edmund Ruck Keene, J.P., late of Swyncombe Park, Oxford¬
shire, who died on July 17 last, was proved on Aug. 17, by
William Augustus Elmhirst and Captain George Ruck Keene,
R.X., the brother, the .executors, the value of the personal
estate amounting to upwards of £77.000. The testator gives
to hia wife, who is already provided for by settlement, such
horses, carriages, and jewellery as she may select; legacies to
his executors, and an annuity to his butler. He provides a
portion of £ 10,000 for his son William George Elmhirst Rock
Keene, and one of £7000 for his son Harry Launcelct Rnck
Keene. The furniture, plate, pictures, and other articles at
the mansion-house. Swyncombe Park, are mode heirlooms to
go therewith. All his real estate he leaves to his son who
shall first attain twenty-one, and the residue of his personal
estate to his son Charles Edmund Ruck Keene, who also
succeeds to the settled family estates.
The will (dated Sept. 13, 18<>4), with a codicil (dated
May HI. 1878), of Colonel Richard Byrd Lovett, J.P., D.L.. of
the King's Own Stafford Rifles, late of Milford Hall, Baswick,
Stafford shire, who died on July 7 last, was proved ou Aug. 20
by Mrs. Elizabeth Mary Levett* the widow and sole executrix,
the value of the personal estate exceeding £47,000. The
testator leaves the mansion-house, Milford Hallj with the
pleasure-grounds and certain woods, and the furniture, plate,
pictures, and effects, to his wife, for life, or until her marriage
again, and then as to the said furniture. Ac., to the person
who succeeds to the said mansion-house. All his live and dead
farming-stock he gives to his wife. His eldest son, Richard
Walter Byrd Mi rehouse, having been amply provided for by his
maternal grandfather, hedevisesnll his real estate in the counties
of Stafford, Salop, and Chester, including Milford Hall on the
death or marriage again of his wife, to the use of his second son,
William Swinnerton Byrd Levett. for life, with remainder to
such one of his sons as he shall appoint; but there is a gift
over in the event of any person under such devise becoming
entitled to the Sefton Abbey estate, Suffolk. The residue of
his personal estate he leaves to all his children, except his said
two sons, with the provision that his daughter, Isabel Mary, is
to take £2ooo more than any of the other residuary legatees.
The will (dated July 17.1880) of Mr. Joseph Phipps Towns¬
end, late of Downhills, Tottenham, and Walpole, Norfolk, who
died on May 12 last, was proved on Aug. Hi, by Miss Ellen
Stanley Townsend, the daughter, one of the
executors, the value of the personal estate ex¬
ceeding £47,000. The testator gives, devises,
and heqneaths all his real and personal estate
to his daughters in equal shares.
The will (dated June 23, 1888) of Mr. Hugh
Barklic Blundell M’Calmont, late of Lincoln's
Inn. Barrjster-at-Law, who died at Tunbridge
Wells on June 24 last, was proved on Ang. 22
by Mrs. Edith Florence M'Calmont. the widow,
and James Shaw Robinson, the executors, the
value of the personal estate exceeding £44.000.
The testator gives all his household furniture,
plate, pictures, silver. Ac., to his wife, Mrs.
Edith Florence M'Calmont; and £ loo per
annum to the trustees of the marriage settle¬
ments of each of his two daughters, Mrs. Ethel
Elizabeth Robinson and Mis. Margaret Anna
Itawlins. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for
life or widowhood, and on her death or re¬
marriage for his two daughters in equal shares.
The testator states that the reason why his son
Harry Leslie Blundell M'Calmont takes no
interest under his will is because be is provided
for elsewhere.
The will (dated May 28,1883), with a codicil
(dated Feb. 9, 1887), of the Rev. George William
Darby, M.A., J.P.. late of North Wingfield
Rectory, Chesterfield, Derby, who died on
July Hi last, was proved on Aug. 20 by Hugh
Janies Barrow Darby, the son, one of the
executors, the value of the j»eisonnl estate
amounting to upwards of £31,000. The testator
devises his lands and premises at Ely to his sou
George Barrow Darby; his laud and heredita¬
ments at Middlefen, Isle of Ely, to his son Hugh James
Barrow Darby ; and the school-house and houses at Fresfield,
Norfolk, to his daughter Edith Elizabeth. He bepieaths
£ looo each to his daughters. Mary Louisa and Edith Elizabeth ;
and £20iH) each to his sons Charles Wilkins and Frederick
William. The residue of his real and personal estate he
leaves between liis said six children in equal shares.
The will (dated Aug. 4, 1885) of Mr. Joseph Berdoe, late of
No. 27, Douglas-road, Canonbnry, who died on May 23, wns
proved on Ang. 22 by Joseph Garden Berdoe and Clifford John
Berdoe, the sons, the executors, the value of the personal
estate exceeding £20,000. The testator bequeaths an annuity
of £200 to his daughter Amelia Rebecca Waddell: an annuity
of £200 to Alice Louisa Goff ; an annuity of £ loo to Benjamin
Hatfield ; an annuity of £30 to his servant, Jane Hepburn;
and there are some other bequests. The residue of his real
and personal estate be leaves to his said two sons in equal
moieties.
Major-General D. Cameron has been selected for the
appointment of Commandant of the Royal Military College
of Canada.
The Coroner's jary which inqnired into the circumstances
of the fatal accident on the South-Western Railway .at Hampton
Wick have returned a verdict of misadventure. At the same
time they censure Parsons, the signalman at Kingston, and
Pickles, the engine-driver ; and make several recommendations
for the safer management of the line.
Mr. Gladstone, addressing a horticultural meeting at
Hawardcn, spoke of the humanising inflnence of flower
cultivation, and expressed his belief that the growth of fruit
for jam-making purposes might he made a profilahle pursuit.
He further advocated an extension of spade husbandry, and
urged that an organised system of collecting and forwarding
agricultural produce would do much to reduce railway rates.
A missionary festival was held in Lincoln Cathedral on
Aug. 23. a series of services being held to stir up missionary
zeal, but in connection with no particular society. There was
a large congregation at eight o’clock, when the Bishop of the
diocese celebrated holy communion ; and at eleven o'clock
there was morning prayer, with a sermon by the Bishop of
Colombo, there being present, besides the Dean and Chapter
and a large gathering of clergy and laity from all parts of the
diocese, the Bishops of North Carolina. Minnesota. Grahams-
fcown. Caffraria, Dunedin, Nelson, and Honolulu. In the after¬
noon there was a meeting in the Chapter-house, followed bv
evensonsr in the nave at eight, with a sermon by tlie Bishop of
Minnesota.
THK THEATRE ROYAL, BATH.
Sfcl'T. 1, 1SH8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
259
NEW BOOKS.
The Scenery of Scotland, viewed in connection With its Physical
Geology. By Archibald Geikie, LL.D., F.R.S., Director-
General of Geological Surreys (.Macmillan).—In this age,
which is not less scientific than scsthclio. many who love the
various aspects of nature, especially those of the earths’
surface, find their pleasure enhanced by learning how the
mountains, the valleys and plains, the rivers and lakes, the
outline of sea-coasts, and the beds of soil yielding one or
another kind of vegetation, were produced. No country in the
world presents a more interesting subject of study, in this
respect, than North Britain ; its very map provokes intelligent
curiosity, which it promises to satisfy by’ the striking distinct¬
ness of its main divisions in the view of physical geography.
The tourist, either in the Highlands or in the Lowlands, or in
the southern region of Scotland which Dr. Geikie is content
to call the Uplands, and which is certainly not Lowlands,
will enjoy his easy access to magnificent landscapes all the
better after reading this excellent book. The author, who was
Professor of Geology at Edinburgh and Director of the Scottish
Geological Survey before his preferment to the head of
the Geological Surveys of the United Kingdom, has personally
examined every nook and corner of that country; besides which,
his journeys of scientific observation in Europe and in North
America have been partly employed in examining phenomena
similar to those of Scotland. “ Earth-sculpture” is the carving
and moulding of the face of the land by such tools as the
rain ; the wind ; the moisture of the air. and its effect in the
chemical decomposition, of rocks ; the force of rivers, often
armed with pebbles and boulders that grind away the banks
or the bed; the sapping action of underground springs; the
fracture of rocks by frost: above all, the irresistible planing
and scooping-out work of immense, slowly-moving glaciers,
which carry hard blocks of stone in their nether part, and
thereby, with a vast superincumbent weight of ice, shear
away the hills that obstruct their onward course, marking
their mighty passage by scratches easily recognised along the
sides of the widest valleys. The traces of these prodigious
forces, and of alluvial deposits, old river-banks, lake-beachcs,
and sea-beaches of former inlets of the ocean, abound in
most parts of North Britain; in addition to which
those conditions of a more strictly geological character,
the disturbances of beds of rock by upheaval or depres¬
sion, are frequently attested by rifts and fractures and
•‘faults,” by inclines, declines, and “anti-clines.” by the
“cropping up” of lower strata, by layers placed in reverse
order, and by isolated peaks of igneous rock, once molten
masses, thrown up from volcanic eruption. If it be true,
as we gravely suspect, that the romantic interest felt in
what is called picturesque scenery arises partly from a sym¬
pathetic sense of the physical commotions, the destructive
conflicts, the overwhelming conquests, by which a former state
of things has been ruined or subdued and entirely transformed,
Scottish topography, studied by the aid of Dr. Geikie, should
appeal to the imagination like an historical epic poem. His
work contains many explanations, of course, which are equally
applicable to some other countries—for example, to Norway and
Switzerland, where glacier action, more especially, has in
great measure determined the present surface configuration ;
but Scotland, we believe, exhibits within a small space the
greatest variety of results of diverse forces, marine, atmo¬
spheric, glacial, and fluvial, its sea-cliffs alone presenting a
wonderful study of romantic “ weathering,” audits inland lochs
being scarcely inferior to the Norwegian fjords. The main
threefold natural division of the whole country, regarded as a
large peninsula, is very clearly made out, and is seen at a glaneo
in the beautiful coloured geological map at the end of this
volume. The Northern Highlands, for the most part consist¬
ing of hard schists, gneiss, clay-slates, and greyvvacke. with
eruptive masses of granite, syenite, and basalt, extend to the
limit of a nearly straight line drawn from Kincardineshire, on
the east coast, almost due south-west, to the Firth of Clyde.
The Southern Highlands, as we might call them, extend
from the coast of Berwickshire, likewise in a south-west direc¬
tion, to the Mull of Galloway, including theLammermuir Hills,
the Pentlands, the elevated ranges of moorlands where theTweed
and the Clyde, the Teviot, the Ettrick and Yarrow, the Annan and
Nith, and all the streams of the Border, and of south-western
Scotland, begin to flow. In the middle region, between these
two Highland masses, lie the Scottish Lowlands, comprising
the lower straths and valleys of the Tay, the Forth, and the
Clyde, the fertile Lothians, the invaluable carboniferous beds
the fair land of Ayrshire, the chief cities,
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dundee, and many commercial or manu¬
facturing towns, the mines of coal and iron, the seats of trade,
industry, and wealth. In another map, that of “ the glaciation
°£ Sc ? fcland »” Dr. Geikie puts before the eye, with striking
effectiveness, the manner in which this Lowland Middle
Region was cutdowm, and brought into its present shape, by
the numerous glacier movements descending from the lofty
ice-helds of the Highlands, north and south of it, while
a space was left open for the deposit of sandstone in some
places, carboniferous strata in others, gravel, alluvial soil,
detritus from the hills, and all that there is on the surface
or the plains. As for the incidental facts related by him, with
regard to the seacoast, the cliffs, the Hebrides, and the Orkneys,
the most remarkable “ lochs,” often far deeper than the sea
around Scoriaud, and the solitary cragB of volcanic rock, such
as Arthur a Seat, and those of Edinburgh and Stirling Castles,
the Lomonds of Fixe, Tinto in Clydesdale, the Bass Rock,
Ailsn Craig, and others well known, the mere enumeration
would be long. His book is illustrated by above eighty wood-
engravings, some of which are pretty views of scenery, others
are outline sketches of hills, or geological diagrams. We
earnestly recommend this volume, along with Ikedeker’s
admirable Guide-book and Philips’s little Atlas of the
counties of Scotland, to those who intend to pass a few weeks
in that country. Even the pursuit of grouse, of trout or
salmon, or of deer, mr.st leave to the sportsman a few vacant
hours, and the tourist has a chance
of being kept indoors by the rain.
In reading Dr. Geikie, under
those circumstances, the time will
be agreeably and profitably spent.
Fifty Years Ago. By Walter
Besant (Chatto and Wind us).—
The Jubilee of the Queen’s Reign
was a fit occasion for writers
conversant with the political and
social history of our times, and of
our fathers’ times, to look back
half a century, and to compare
the state of England then with
its present condition. We have
read several books of the kind,
but none that is so readable as
Mr. Bcsant’s, though some of his
opinions do not exactly coincide
with our own judgment, and,
when he nses statistics, which is
but seldom, he states and works
his sums otherwise than we
should do. For instance, “The
Army and Navy together in 1831
contained no more than 277,017
men, or half their present num¬
ber,” is a sentence not easily
reconciled with current naval
and military estimates. Adminis¬
trative, economic, and arithmetical
details may be learnt, if any¬
body wants them, from many duller compilations. The
author of ‘‘All .Sorts and Conditions of Men” is sure to
contribute a kindly, humane, and genial sympathy with the
poor and the labouring classes, a spirit of tolerance and
benevolence, to the review of social progress. He does not
come forward as a politician ; and the legislative achievements
on which he descants most vehemently are those prohibiting
the cruelties formerly practised in the employment of children
in factories and mines. We seem to be none the worse, if not
yet much the better, for having obtained four of the Six
Points of the “ People's Charter.” It is not amiss that every
man should have a Parliamentary vote; Mr. Besant has
great reliance on the good sense of Englishmen and Scotch¬
men. Democracy has its dangers, but an aristocracy
made terrible and disastrous mistakes. The working
classes are much better off than they were before; the
eighteenth century was for them a dismal time of hard
servitude and degradation. In his view, the state of affairs in
1837 was a continuation of the dreary social stupidity of the
eighteenth century. He is not old enough to remember,
among the impressions of his childhood, the glow of hopeful
enthusiasm with which men of that time who cherished
Liber.il sentiments, calling themselves Whigs or Radicals,
urged bold and wise schemes of Reform. All his knowledge
of the period is derived from reading, and that of a kind of
literature which reflects more the influence of manners, habits,
and minor morals, than the pregnant ideas conceived in the
minds of public leaders and teachers. The flourishing popular
authors between 1830 and 1840 do not present a very imposing
array. There were novelists, Lytton Bulwer, Disraeli, Theodore
Hook, Lady Blessing ton. Harrison Ainsworth, Captain Marry at,
and G. P. R. James : Dickens and Thackeray were beginning ;
of the poets, Tennyson and Browning had written some poems,
but were not yet deemed fountains of supreme inspiration ;
James Montgomery. Milman, Procter. Henry Taylor, Talfourd,
Ebenezer Elliott, were making poetry ; Sir Archibald Alison
was compiling a history ; Carlyle had written “ Sartor
Rcsartus ” and the ** French Revolution.” Wordsworth
and Southey, though living, added little to their former
works, nor did Moore, Campbell, or Rogers. It was, un¬
questionably, a languid season for the literature of imagin¬
ation, humour, and fancy, and for everything of original
design in Art; hut criticism was profitably employed, and
fresh thought was directed to serious problems. Mr. Besant is
rather severe on the graceful
“ Annuals.” such as the “ Keep¬
sake” and 11 Forget-me-not,” the
latter of which, indeed, he does
not mention, but one that we
preserve contains some pretty and
clever pieces. Tom Hood, a
genuine humourist and true poet,
deserved notice before Douglas
Jerrold. Yet we must agree, in
the main, with his estimate of
the slenderness of original literary
talent in that age, when Byron
and Scott had departed. The old
portraits of many well-known
authors, some connected with
Fraser's Magazine or the New
Monthly, are reproduced in this
volume, as well as some of old
George C'ruikahank’s quaint pic¬
tures of Cockney life, reminding
us indeed of “Fifty Years Ago.”
Those who now read “ Pickwick”
or Sketches by Boz.” “ Oliver
Twist” or “Nicholas Nickleby,”
may get a vivid notion of London
in the days when Queen Victoria
was young. Mr. Besant’s com¬
mentary is that of a diligent
searcher, apparently, in contem¬
porary newspaper reports or
chronicles of daily events, to
which he applies the light of
more recent experience. He is
evidently rather glad that hia
prime of manhood did not fall in
that time, and we are glad that he belongs to the present
and the future. In one particular, however, he is “ laudator
temporis acti”; he wishes to see a revival of pugilistic
prize-fighting. On the other hand, he rejoices in the
provision, to which he has personally rendered great
services, of pnre and refined entertainments and means
of cheerful recreation for the working classes. He de¬
nounces the old practices of drinking at taverns, gambling
at clubs, cock-fighting, dog-fighting, and other cruel sports,
which we fear are not yet extinct. Against the diminution of
these perniciotls courses, at any rate, must lie set the vast
spread of betting on horse-races among the lower middle-elas .
The London theatres are not so good as they were for the
intellectual culture of such people as these who used to go to
the pit of the Olympic or the Lyceum for half-a-crown. Our
gains, indeed, are very considerable ; good penny newspapers,
cheap editions of all good books that are not copyright;
attractive and instructive exhibitions, and the Crystal Palace ;
excursions at moderate cost, and with quick travelling, every¬
where in the British Islands or in Europe ; decency, order,
comfort, and quiet, in our homes and generally in the streets.
“ Society,” of which in the past Mr. Besant has something to
say. in the circles of rank and fashion, or in the middle classes,
will live according to its own taste ; let it dine at seven or
eight, instead of three o’clock, drink any 6ort of wine it prefers,
and the ladies wear any dresses they like. The greatest
happiness of the greatest number is best consulted by social
and domestic freedom, which is surely more attainable now
than it was fifty years ago.
The Mahers of Venice: Doges, Conquerors, Painters, and
Men of Letters. By Mrs. Oliphant, author of “ The Makers of
Florence ” (Macmillan).—The increasing debt of acknowledg¬
ment, on behalf of contemporary literature, to this accom¬
plished lady writer, who has given us many good novels,
biographies, critical dissertations, and studies of history, can
only be estimated by a general reader of varied tastes and
sympathies. In this handsome volume, a worthy companion
to her “ Makers of Florence,” she relates the stirring feats of
enterprise and the adventurous vicissitudes, grand strokes of
valour, policy, and practical genius, and the triumphs of art.
especially in the department of painting, which earned
glory for the citizens of Venice. The first part of
her work consists of the political transactions of some
of the more celebrated Doges, from Pietro Orseolo, elected
in whose family went through romantic actions
and sufferings, to the Michieli, the famous Dandolo and
Gradenigo. the Falieri and Foscari, whose pathetic stories arc
the subjects of Byron’s noble dramatic poetry; and to the
humiliation of their office of supreme dictatorship in the four¬
teenth century. “ By Sea and by Land ” is the title of a sericB of
brilliant pictures of maritime and military exploits, inter¬
mingled with great perils and disasters, from the middle of the
thirteenth to the middle of the fifteenth century. It reminds
us of the classical narrative of Thucydides ; for the great siege
of Venice by the Genoese, in 1380, presents incidents not less
remarkable than the Athenian siege of Syracuse. The efforts
of proud courage and patriotic devotion in a beleaguered
sovereign city naturally excite our respectful sympathy,
in all ages of history ; and Venice in those times bred
individual commanders, such as Vittore Pisani and Carlo
Zeno, equal in manly virtue, perhaps in ability, to the
most eminent Greeks. From the point of view of
general history, the constant efforts of the two rival Italian
maritime Republics to secure, against each other, the pre¬
dominance of Eastern commerce and colonisation, demand
special attention. Venetian manhood, however, seeking employ¬
ment chiefly at sea, the usual instruments of land war¬
fare were those bands of mercenaries who became the
pest of the country ; and the military art, or profession,
was practised with success by skilful Condottieri devoid of the
sentiment of public duty. The most famous leader, Francesco
Carmagnola, a Savoyard, whose Milanese campaigns in the
Venetian service were followed by his execution under an
accusation of treason, has evidently received a favourable con¬
sideration from Mrs. Oliphant, and appears somewhat of a hero
in her pages. Colleoni, a native of Bergamo, whose portrait
ends the series of these fighting men, was luckier than his
great predecessor, and his reputation is conspicuously
associated with the power of Venice at its height. To
some readers, no doubt, the most attractive section of
this book will be that concerning the Venetian painters
and those who came to live and work in Venice ; the two
brothers Bellini, from Padua, and the Sicilian Antonello,
who had the secret of rendering flesh tints and surface in
portraits ; Carpaccio, who showed the manner in which Art
could tell a story, and could impart the charm of romance to
figures of the saints ; the splendid, mighty, delightful Titian,
the uncrowned King of painters, who lived ninety years
with increasing renown ; Tintoretto, a giant in art; Paolo
Veronese, the delineator of ideal palace interiors and cos¬
tumed groups; and others known to every connoisseur.
Their lives, indeed, have often been written ; but Mrs.
Oliphant's last chapters, an account of eminent men of
letters, including Petrarch during his residence at Venice, the
native historians, Sabe]lico and 8'anudo, and several learned
scholars, with Aldus, the exquisite printer and classical editor,
and his son Manutins, contain particulars not so familiar to
ordinary readers. This volume is illustrated with nearly
fifty engravings, mostly from drawings by Mr. R. R. Holmes;
its frontispiece is that fine portrait, of the Doge Loredano, by
Giovanni Bellini, which is in our National Gallery, the calm,
thin, gentle, firm, and thoughtful face of an aged statesman,
in dainty and delicate attire, expressive of moral and intel¬
lectual force, and of enduring patience, more winning and
even more commanding than that of any warrior prince : and
such men were some of the rulers of Venice.
LANS DO .VNE TOWER AND BECKFORD’S TOMB, NEAR BATH.
CHARLCOMB CHURCH, NEAR BATH.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON* NEWS, Sept. 1, 1888.—260
BATH, AND THE MEETING OF THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION OF SCIENCE.
Tills ABBKY CHURCH, COLONNADE, AND GRAND PUMI’-ROOM.
7 *
«
*
TOE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 1, im.
BATH, ANI) THE MEETING
OP THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION OF SCIENCE
AM DU
RKSCKb'T.
THE GRAND PUMP-ROOM, BATH
This room, ereoted ill 179G, under the direction of Mr. Bi
the City Architect, is situated in the Abbey Yard, ad
the King's Public and Private Baths. Its architec
Corinthian : it is eighty-five feet in length, fifty-six in b
and thirty-four in height, affording ample space for pro:
ing to those who drink the waters. In the recess at i
end is a marble statue of Mr. Nash, executed by Prince
the right hand of the figure rests upon a pedestal, on t
of which is delineated a plan of the Bath Roval Mineral
Hospital, towards the establishment of which national <
Mr. Nash greatly contributed by his exertions in obi
donations of money, and of which he was one i
Treasurers, from the time that it was opened for the ret
of patients, in 1742, until his decease in 17(51. At th
end is an orchestra for the band, which attends ther<
during the winter months. There are three entrances <
northern side, opposite to the principal entrance : witl
apse on the southern side is a fountain, which is su
direct from the spring, with a continuous stream of n
water, at a temperature of 114 deg. Fahrenheit. The !
of water from the spring to the fountain amounts to
gallons and a half a minute. This room is opened on
storey. To all the baths convei
rooms and closets are attached,
the invalid. In addition to
rooms, and a room containing
bath of the most approved co
two handsome rooms, lit ft. hi
and ceilings of which are lii
used as Aix-les-Bains douche
nt and comfortable dressing- proportion of iron hitherto dei
itaining every requisite for The gases evolved from the wah
laths, there are two douche- and oxygen. To the carbonic a
lermal vapour and shower- appearance of the water, when
ction. Also quite recently " It isa powerful stimulant of th<
[lave been added, the walls in contributing to restore pliabili
■ith tiles. These rooms are when applied in a gaseous form
approached through either of in alleviating certain forms of ]
io arranged as to economise the of the nerve terminals, are w
for the local application of the nitrogen contained in the Bathw
comparatively s
rbonic acid, nitr
mstriic
Thi
mnting
bathi
lay be regulated by
'orated nozzles to t
r applied by means oi
o are provided tepid i
lches. There are tw
a warm towels, finnm
raters fresh f rom tb e i
increase the tempo
. It may be well to
in w'hieb the wate
ly know why. Drinking tiles
rise and accelerate the pub
body, and excite the secretic
some of the forms of dise
or rose nozzle
water, as well
with hot air.
supplied to tb
of chronic skin diseases (et
ally if go
the public fron
■ to March from
:hout
obstructions, certain forms of i
vous debility, the debility also w
s diseases, and visceral catarrh. C
in which the Bath waters shout
femab
With regard to the medicinal qu
used for drinking, wo learn from
“The Thermal Baths of Bath, v
Natural Vapour Treatment,” that
the chief mineral ingredients to be
of sodium, chloride of magnesium,
12.15 p.in. to 2 p.m. throughout the year. At the son
■rn end of the Pump-room there is a convenient entra
e King's Baths. The private baths are on the up
r, epilepsy, hemorrhages, cancer, |
ngestionB running on to high fevers,
s usually prescribed for three weeks.
prove
TUB CIRCUS.
SEPT. 1, 18S8
TTTF. ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
This is the period of the year when the highest possibilities of
esse in female costume are suddenly realised. What can be
more comfortable than the dress that is worn on the moors.’
The most orthodox costume there is a short, kilted skirt of
tweed, scarce reaching to the ankles, and innocent of all
weighty and cumbrous “artificial protrusions of draperies,”
ns George Eliot put it. Beneath this there is worn either
knickerbockers and gaiters, or what may by courtesy be called
"a divided skirt," but might bear another name. The bodice
is a loose one: generally the Norfolk form, with its three
pleats, and its waist only confined to the figure by a band and
buckle ; or. perhaps, a little cut-away coat, fastened with three
buttons, and showing a bit of vest above and below. The hat
is a soft felt one, trimmed only with a bow of ribbon and so
pliable that it fits easily on the head, and could lie donbled up
and used for a pillow without injury. The boots are thick-
soled and flat-heeled—high in the leg if gaiters are not worn.
What more than all this could the most ardent dress-reformer
desire.’
Such a costume as I have described is being worn by the
Onmtesse de Paris, who is proving herself so excellent a shot.
This fact alone, it is true, does not indicate much about general
fashion, for her Royal Highness avails herself of her privilege
of position in order always to dress as she sees fit. “ A Duchess
can do as she pleases,” whether it be marrying a man young
enough to be her grandson or dressing herself to suit her own
fancy. The Comtcsse de Paris does not make so great a change in
her ordinary costume when she goes to the moors as most
women do in donning that sort of garb. The Empress of
Austria, when rusticating last year at Cromer, used to amaze
the natives by walking about without any hat or bonnet,
carrying a big sunshade open in one hand, and a sandal-wood fan
of similar dimensions in the other hand. Our own Queen's
indifference to fashion and preference for comfort is
well known. When shall we humbler women venture to
call our heads and shoulders our own, to clothe to our own
taste.’ Well, small beginnings produce great results some¬
times : it is something to reflect how many women are
wearing comfortable anil healthy dress jnst now, with the
excuse of the moors to encourage them in it.
The achievement of a little girl of twelve years of age,
Miss Florence Morse, in reaching the highest pinnacle of Mont
lllanc—being the youngest person who has ever done so—will
not, it is to be hoped, lead to an epidemic of juvenile athletic
feats. Man is an imitative animal. One infant prodigy -in
climbing may as readily produce others, as we have seen this
season that one youthful musical wonder is followed by another
and still another. The little girl who has accomplished this
climb is more to be congratulated on her strength and pluck
than the older people responsible for her effort are on their
discretion. Certainly, such an exertion is less likely to be
permanently injurious to a child of twelve fhan it would be
to a girl two or three years older. But it is always a risk to
put a severe strain on the immature muscles and the sensitive
circulation of a child, sex apart; and it is to be hoped that
this exploit will not be considered one to be emulated.
However, that such a way of winning an early fame should
have been chosen for a girl by her friends is significant of the
change in opinion about bodily strength in women. Can it be
only a century ago that the good Dr. Gregory, in his “Letters
to his Daughters,” a work received by the parents of a whole
generation as a most appropriate compendium of the duty
of woman, advised the girls never to boast of possess¬
ing good health? The end and aim of Dr. Gregory’s
teachings to his motherless girls was admittedly to
make them pleasant to men—” to point out,” as he put it,
” those virtues and accomplishments which render you most
respectable and most amiable in the eyes of my own sex.”
One of these special attractions was, according to the fatherly
physician, emphatically not to be able to climb Mont Blanc.
•'Though good health be one of the greatest blessings of life,
never make a boast of it,” he enjoins the female sex. “ We
[i.e., men] so naturally associate the idea of female soft¬
ness and delicacy with a corresponding delicacy of constitu¬
tion, that when a woman speaks of her great strength, her extra¬
ordinary appetite, her ability to bear excessive fatigue, we reroil
in a way she is little aware of ! ” The modern man, happily,
on the whole, for his sisters, has got over that extreme sensi¬
bility. He not only does not “recoil from" a woman in good
health, but he plays tennis with her, and rides behind her in
working partnership on a tandem tricycle. It is worthy of
note that in the same book in which that unwholesome, that
effete, that mischievous, demand of men for sickliness in women
was spoken of as a thing to which women must conform, the
author added that the sex was thought very little of in that
age. “Men forsake yonr drawing-rooms, and after dinner and
supper are impatient for the moment for yon to retire.” So
our comparative emancipation from the obligation to be
physically feeble has at least not reduced us beneath the level
of our foremothers in the estimation of the lordly sex ; to be
"amiable and respectable” in whose eyes is—well, after all,
is in very truth, a main ambition for us, as it was in the past,
and still in the future must be.
At tho Normandy seaside resorts of Paris fashion the
nnmber of close-fitting hats is one of the features of the
promenade. Cricketing caps are very generally worn in
mornings, and yachting caps, with ‘•cheese-cutter” peaks, are
also pretty common; but the newest thing is the Scotch
bonnet, which is really a very becoming shape to a pretty
young face. When made in a dark green or blue tartan,
trimmed only with a Cairngorm brooch or silver thistle out of
which possibly a few grouse feathers rise, Highland bonnets
have a certain style, and are novel to boot. Most of the
French straw hate, following the "Tosca” style, have almost
flat crowns with a mass of flowers piled on them, and
big brims open in front — being more, in fact, like
bonnets than hats, except that they are worn rather too
far forward on the head for the former'title. Tiny combs
with Jewelled tope ON very fashionable amongst these rusti¬
cating fair Parisiennes. The little combs in question are used
to catch up the loose ends of the back hair, which it is
fashionable to curl along the na|te of the neck for evenings, and
which'would straggle when uncurled without the helpful little
combs. These are only about two inches long, nnd the stones
with which their small tops are encrusted are generally cheap,
though real—such as garnets, or very tiny pearls and turquoises
mixed. Long, loose cloaks trimmed with a profusion of lace
in waterfalls down the front, and intermixed with loops and
ends of ribbon, arc much worn as wraps; and it is probable
therefore that in the autumn they will be seen in England,
replacing the tight-fltting long coat of which, surely, we are
all too weary to be reconciled to its continuance by the Bimple
expedient of Directoire revere and big waist-buttous being
added. The newest jackets from Paris houses are very short
Some are trimmed with straps, from shoulder to waist, of
either braid or leather. The cloths used in making them have
all a smooth, highly-finished surface, with which the new
leather trimming goes admirably.
A movement is on fobt to present Mrs. Hodgson Bnrnett
with an address, signed by her brother and sister authors,
congratulating and thanking her on the brave and successful
stand which she has made against the robber.', Lnherto legal, ot
novelists' brains, by plays being made without their consent
from their plots and characters. I am not a novelist, but 1
can admire Mrs. Burnett's courage and resolution, and hope
she will like her address. Title, plot, and dialogue are not,
however, quite all that there is in a play, and novelists may
yet find themselves obliged to yield the greater part of the
profits on plays founded on novels to the adaptor, who knows
stagecraft—the construction and possibilities if a drama. Mrs.
Bancroft mentions that she was obliged to decline a play
by Ouida for want of such qualities; and though most
novelists would doubtless be glad to "'rite plays if they could,
there ore but very few instances, even in France, and hardly any
in England, of a popular storv-writer being also a successful
dramatist. Florence Fe.nwick-Millek.
NEW ZEALAND COLONISATION.
Mr. W. L. Rees, representing the European inhabitants of the
cast coast and the native races of New Zealand, is on a visit to
this country for the purpose of laying before the Government
a scheme for providing occupation for a portion of the
surplus labour population of the United Kingdom. Mr.
Rees, who is accompanied by Wi Peri, a Maori chief, aims at
co-operative colonisation, and he is in communication not only
with the Government, but with various co-operative bodies,
on the subject. lie proposes to utilise the surplus labour
of England upon tho waste lands of the Colonies, and if he
is at all successful the natives are willing to hand over for a
settlement several millions of acres of land, in addition to the
300,0(10 acres which they have already given up on the east
coast of the North Island, which possesses fine frontages to the
sea. 31r. Rees, being a delegate from the Trades and Laliour
Congress of New Zealand, has placed himsdf in communi¬
cation with 3Ir. Broadhurst. Lord Lothian has asked Mr.
BROAD-STREET, BATH.
Rees to prepare plans to lay before a Parliamentary Committee,
as he thinks that the Scotch people, especially the crofters,
will give the matter their cordial support.
We are informed that the fund raised for the benefit of the
widow and two children of the late Mr. Richard Jefferies
amounts in all to £1514 10s. 5<1., including the interest on the
money while it was lying in bank, and has been invested in
the names of trustees, who are Mr. Walter Bcsant, 31 r. Alfred
Buckley (New-hall, Salisbury), nnd Mr. C. J. Longman.
The Association of Public Sanitary Inspectors of Great
Britain held their summer meeting at Brighton on Ang. 25.
Dr. Richardson read an address by Mr. Edwin Chadwick, the
president (who is eighty-nine years of age), in which he showed
the progress that had been made in the reduction of the death-
rate by the development of sanitation during the last seven
years. Dr. Ewart read a paper on the sanitation of Brighton.
The members then visited the local waterworks and the sewage
works.
Mr. De Keyser, the Lord Mayor of London, accompanied by
the Lady Mayoress and by the Sheriffs, visited Termonde, his
native place, on Aug. 2<i. A magnificent reception awaited
him ; triumphal arches had been erected, and several presents
were made to the distinguished visitor by deputations from
Antwerp and Brussels. The Burgomaster delivered an address
of welcome, and in reply the Lord 3Iayor alluded to the
services of England in securing the independence of Belgium,
nnd the friendly relations which bonnd the two countries
together. At a subsequent banquet, the Burgomaster stated
that the King had Tiestowed on the Lord Mayor the Grand
Cross of the Order of Leopold.
The dead body of a man, dismembered, was found on the
railway near Coventry on the day after Bank Holiday. There
was no means of establishing his identity, and, after the
inquest, the body was buried as that of an nnknown. Imme¬
diately over the man's heart was discovered a long tress of
woman's hair; and by this tress he has been identified.
Miss F. Thacker, a young lady of Wolverhampton, saw, a day
or two ago, a paragraph in a newspaper giving some particulars
of the deceased, and she concluded that he was William Bromley,
a native of Crick, near Rugby. Bromley had for some time
lived at Wolverhampton, and had been engaged toMiss Thacker,
and she went to Coventry to inspect the clothes and other pro¬
perty found on deceased. She recognised a small microscope
and the sleeve-links which lie " ore. and when shown the hair
found that it was her own. Some time ago lie promised to
spend Bank Holiday with 3Iiss Thacker, at Wolverhampton.
He did not, however, and she believes that, being short of
money, be was walking along the railway between the two
towns when he was overtaken by a train and killed.
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
The holiday-season of science is already on the wane. The
custom of holding “ movable feasts ’’ of scientific nature seems to
be growing upon us. The British Medical Association held “high
jinks ” at Glasgow : the British Association for the Advancement
of Science will soon be in the hey-day of its annual onting; the
various sanitary societies have already enjoyed their excursions
into the provinces; and in a few days, at most, the peripatetic
philosophers will return to their usual haunts, there to rest,
chrysalis-like, till the next season summons them to public
activity. It is remarkable that so widespread an interest is
evoked’ by scientific men and scientific affairs ; but our wouder
may perchance be decreased somewhat if we reflect that every¬
where there is a scientific leaven at work, moulding, re¬
forming, and altering our conceptions of men and things. In
the schools, science-lessons now happily form part of the
educational curriculum. In onr homes we discuss the science
articles in the newspapers and magazines ; and, although wc
may not yet have attained to the dignity of “ prattling about
protoplasm ” in onr drawing-rooms, none the less is it true
that science-teaching is pervading the world to an extent of
which those who live outside the world of science are scarcely
aware.
There is promise of great things in this extension Of such
knowledge to the masses. For one thing, I opine, we shall all
have onr range of mere conversation, and our interest in the
world in which we live, extended and enlarged as a result of
this educational enterprise. Your ordinary mortal is,
scientifically speaking, a nonentity. He knows little or
nothing of the world in which he lives: and the commonest
phases of his life—the rising and setting of the sun, tho
relations of insects to flowers, the meaning of the fossils ho
secs in the rocks, and the hnndred-and-one other incidents
which environ his life—are all so many unheeded, because
nnknown, facts of Nature. You can literally exhaust the
intellectuality of the ordinary young man (or young woman)
after five minutes'conversation at lawn tennis or at thedinner-
table. Given the last novel, the most recent play or opera, and
the latest social chronicle, in the way of a fashionable marriage,
for instance, and your ordinary neighbour is mentally non rtt, as
a rule. But given an interest in science and in the great world of
things, incidents, and events which science discloses, and yon
open up vistas of mental enjoyment literally boundless in
extent. This is, in truth, the great plea for science-culture all
the world over. It is not that science is to make us learned,
or encyclopedic in onr education ; and still less is it that
scientific knowledge is to make ns pedantic. But if wc succeed
in making science-details open up for us the heavens above and
the waters beneath, wc may find our lives made to encompass
a richer harvest of thought and culture than is possible to even
a high degree of literary education alone. This is the real
plea for the rile science has to play in common life. If onr
British Associations and our Social Science Congresses accom-
plish this much for us—that they give us an increased interest
in the work of those who are ferreting out the secrets of
Nature, and that they enlarge onr views of life and its mental
pleasures—then shall the children of “sweetness and light”
be rewarded for their labours in the way of scientific research.
3Ir. Edison’s phonograph, at length, seems to have reached
the stage of development at which it may be declared to be
on unqualified scientific success. I have before me a paper in
which 31r. Edison prophesies for that instrument a great
future in the business and social relations of the world. The
instruments sent by Sir. Edison to England have certainly
reproduced in a marvellous fashion the words and other sounds
wherewith they were charged. The future of the phonograph
may, therefore, well be all that its inventor claims for it. Our
friends, finding us absent from home when they call, will
speak their message into the phonographs, which, doubtless,
will be placed handy on the lobby-table. We shall speak our
“ letters ’’ into the instrument, and post the wax cylinders to
our friends, who, by placing them, in turn, in their own instru¬
ments, will hear onr voices reproduced. Foreign letters will
then become things of even deeper interest than now, since we
shall be able to hear the accents of onr friends abroad instead
of having to peruse their written words. The wax cylinders,
moreover, can be preserved like letters, and made to reproduce
as often as may be required the voice-tones which have been
impressed upon them. The telephone lias proved itself a mar¬
vellous aid in the conduct of human affairs. The phonograph
certainly seems destined to parallel the telephone in respect of
a like success.
The spread of ambulance-teaching is a gratifying feature of
that education which includes both old and young in its scope.
It is more than interesting to hear an ambulance-class being
taught, and to note how eagerly the principles of “ first aid
to the injured ” are imbibed by ” all sorbs and conditions of
men ” and women ; indeed, as far as ambulance instruction is
concerned, I should say the gentler sex are more frequently in
a position to exercise their knowledge than are their male
neighbours. Mothers, nurses, and others are always in a
josition to deal at once with domestic accidents, and many a
ife has been saved at home from such accidents as choking,
burning, bleeding, and so forth, by the timely and prompt aid
which the ambulance student is able to afford. I have in my
possession quite a collection of newspaper-cuttings detailing
the utility of “ first aid ” in the accidents and emergencies of
life ; and I am pleaded to be able to add yet another item to
this interesting list. Recently a man at 3Vylam-on-Tyne
sustained a severe wound of his arm which severed the principal
vessels. A bystander at once applied a tourniquet (made with
a stick and a handkerchief) over the main artery of the upper
arm, and checked the dangerous bleeding. But for this timely
aid. the tnan, as the doctor subsequently in attendance declared,
would have perished. Earnestly enough, therefore, may wo
advocate that senior boys and girls, before they leave school,
should he trained in ambulance work. Personally, I know
this kind of instruction is thoroughly appreciated by the
young, who arc easily interested in scientific details, when
these details are clearly and popularly taught.
I observe that in the State of New York, electricity ns a
means of capital punishment has been approved of by •• the
powers that be.” That there are no practical difficulties
in the way of instantaneously killing a man by means of
the electrical current, properly and dextronsly applied, is a
plain fact. Executions are gruesome events enough under
any circumstances ; but one cannot help thinking that if the
law is to demand life for life, the sacrifice should be accom¬
plished, in the interests of mercy and decency, with somewhat
of the rapidity wherewith electricity promises to accomplish
the task. Recent executions in England have not tended to
increase onr respect for the manlier in which the extreme
sentence of the law is carried out. The medical journals
protest against the common mode of execution, and I opine
that what America has done in this matter may be followed
up with advantage by ourselves. Andrew Wilson.
SEPT. 1, lvSSS
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
263
PROGRESS OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM.
The annual statement of the general progress at the British
Museum contains the following particulars:—
A commencement has been made of an exhibition of tho
Greek and Roman sepulchral monuments and other sculpture
hitherto stored away in imperfectly - lighted rooms in the
basement of the Museum. Intended structural alterations
have been postponed owing to disappointment in the necessary
supply of funds asked for, and promised, for the past year.
It is expected that provision for these works will be made in
the graut for the year 1888-89. ami that the remainder of the
monuments will find adequate exhibition space in a well-
lighted lower floor of the present room. From apprehension
of injury by exposure to light and changes of atmosphere, it
has been found necessary to remove from the walls of the
north-west staircase the framed Egyptian papyri exhibited
there for many years, but a small selection has been placed on
view in the tipper Egyptian Gallery. The wall-space of the
staircase will be covered with mosaics from Carthage. Hali¬
carnassus, and other sites, many of them not before exhibited.
In the other gallery has been placed on view an extensive
series of Japanese paintings, with a few early Chinese works,
taken from the collection formed by Mr. William Anderson
during a residence of many years in Japan, and purchased
from him in the year 188*3. They will remain on exhibition
for some time, and will afterwards be replaced by European
works from tho general collection of prints and drawings.
Printed books and manuscripts illustrating the history of
shorthand writing have been exhibited in the King’s Library,
on the occasion of the celebration of the invention.
It is necessary to recur to the subject of inadequacy of the
present reading-room for accommodation of the ever-increasing
number of applicants for admission, to which attention was
drawn in the return for the year 1885. It was then stated that
the number of visitors to the room had risen from 105,310 in the
year IS75 to 159,340 : and it has advanced to 182,778 for the year
1887. No further addition can be made to the number of seats
without inconveniently diminishing the desk space allotted to
each reader. The room is frequently overcrowded ; and what
is to be feared is that literary men engaged in genuine research
will gradually find themselves pressed out of use of the room
by the throng of readers for general information. The wants
of this numerous class of visitors would bo better satisfied in
a separate room, suitably furnished with modern works ; and,
unless the principle of limiting admission to the present read¬
ing-room to purposes of research is adopted, which cannot he
recommended, and would, indeed, be extremely difficult to en¬
force, a measure of this nature may be considered indispensable.
The interruption since the year 1882 of the exploration for
antiquities in Assyria and Babylonia, by reason of the refusal
of the Turkish Government to renew tho firman under which
it had been carried on for many years, has caused the abandon¬
ment of important sites in those countries to the operations of
native diggers. It is to be feared that there has been much
destruction and dispersal of inscribed tablets in consequence.
Partially-excavated sites, in which collections of these docu¬
ments were found, and in which, without doubt, more remained
to be unearthed, are exposed to the reckless explorations of
the Arabs, and the records of these ancient empires are being
scattered, or altogether destroyed.
TIIK WHEAT CHOI* IX INDIA.
A report has been received from the Government of India
giving tho Final General Memorandum on the wheat crop of
the season 1887-88. It states :—There was. especially in the
autumn, a deficiency in the outturn of food-grains in many
]>arts of India during the year 1887-88. but not so great as in
the two previous years. This was in some parts of India coin-
j "■! i11. ■ 11 l»y tin 1 general s:u isCaetnry results of the spring har¬
vest of 1888. In the northern half of India a considerable
falling off in the outturn of food crops was experienced for
the four harvests in succession (i.e., two in tho spring
and two in the autumn) which preceded the recent wheat
harvest of last spring (1888). The surplus stocks in
Bengal and the Central Provinces were drained during
1887-88 for requirements in the North-West Provinos. which
imported in the last quarter of 1887. from Bengal. Punjaub,
and the Central Provinces, about 25,000 tons of food-grains in
excess of the amount imported from Bengal, the Punjaub, and
the Central Provinces during the same quarter of the previous
year. The conditions above noted led to a universal tendency
towards a rise in prices, which culminated in the months
preceding the recent spring harvest, when the prospects
were, in consequence of the delay in the winter fall of rain
in Northern India, unfavourable. As soon as the results of
the spring harvest were assured by the occurrence of sufficient
rainfall, a declino in prices commenced throughout India,
which was entirely independent of the export demand in
Europe.
The Duke of Westminster has divided twenty-five acres o
land between Chester and Eaton Hall into quarter-acre allot
ments, which he has let to one hundred mechanics am
labourers. The scheme is a great success, every allotmen
being taken up and worked by spade husbandry.
The Anglo-Danish Exhibition at South Kensington wa
finally closed on Aug. 25. The exhibition was opened oi
May 14 by the Prince and Princess of Wales, the object bein'
to raise funds for the rebuilding of the British Home fo
Incurables at Claphara, which was the first institution ii
England to receive the patronage of the Princess of Wale
after her marriage, and it was also designed to celebrate th>
silver wedding of the Prince and Princess of Wales. It i
stated to have been successful financially notwithstanding tin
unfavourable weather and other adverse circumstances. Th<
bright weather on the closing day drew a large attendance.
The Committee of Council for Agriculture have made tliei
first grants out of the sum of £5000 placed at their disposa
by the Government for the present financial year in aid o
Agricultural and Dairy Schools. The Cheshire County Dam
School at Worleston, which has done remarkably well thii
season, receives £150 for the year; the Aspatria Agriculture
college & ets £2 »0 ; tho Ayrshire Dairy Association. £120 ; tin
Wigtownshire Dairy Association, £101 ; the Kirkcudbright an.
the Dumfriesshire Associations, £70 and £28 respectively. Th(
largest sum aUofcted, £300, goes to the Edinburgh University
. e the Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical Col leg.
receives a grant of £200.
A young lady in Southport, who has a fortune in her owr
i* the dan S htcr of a banker in that town, has
mafc ed to a clown.” She became enamoured of r
handsome young clown named Carilland while he was per
?u Cns - She 9UCC€ede <l meeting him, and the
wL i i Southport together. The station-master at Boltoi:
ST? a ^ram asking him to detain “a lame young lath
the Southport train”: but it sc
i iponea that there were two lame young ladies in the train
dancriff arr<a ?J fcbe wron S one - the menntime t lie banker .'
oS®? 1 TL ancl ht V? vor made their way to the Bolton Registn
Utooe, and were duly married. 8
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
IVistkr Wood.—T hank* for lot.
lilcin,aiid note /our jiurccwat fli<
’a# 8.—You would vo much trow)
- expressly stated that if K mover
’ (Brighton).-Problem construction
i. (J takes
<* tli.*cu«si
solution# carefully.
coinplii’nfoii position nor a preponderance of force •>» the losing Vide is an im¬
portant element of«. frond proiih'iii. Your positions want everythin!? hut sim¬
plicity. Compare them with Nos. .WX and J3II mul you will see what we mean.
“Thk Ot.n Lady" (P
ami we will not mile
(i H It (Huia-Full n
sulcred.
Many corre««**"-i"n*
should ha.
rrson. r.S.A.V—Your feelinfM shall he considered in future
lisro^peetfully” of such tuvi-movors atm in.
to and address required before your inquiry can he con-
nt* Have written nhont No, 2315. The Kt nt White Kint?‘«3rd
a Black Kt. We arc sorry to hare caused eo much trouble by
1 with t hanks from Cnrslako Wood.E J Winter Wood, and Mrs
J Dudley, (rJ
re#. J Brydo.n,
Howard A.E t’as.-lla (Pari-). Pcterlumsc. E Phillip-, It Winters (Canterbury - *. I)
Met ny,Major Prichard.ltev Wmileld Cooper,.!alia sde.vt.TU t Ware). W It llaillcm.
Thomas Clnovti, It K y Hanks. H M Pri.leanx, Hcreward. J Dixon, v Drew, T
ind Dr Y 8c.
U.EM NO. 2313.
2. Kt (nt B 2nd) t
3. y Mates.
If Black play I
i Kt 4th fell)
K to B flth. 2. R takes
PROBLEM NO. 2317.
By H. M. PRiDHAt’X.
BLACK.
White to piny, nnd mate In two moves.
itk (Mr. B.)
it K uh
to K B 3rd
(Four Knights' Opening.)
LACK (Mr. W.
to K 4th
i to if M 3rd
Q to K 2nd
II to It
I V to B 3rd
tell) K to B 2nd
>ck (Mr. W.)
»»l of White’s
n.ler play.
o BS«1
23. Q 11 to K Ktmi R to Kt.
to B 4th (
takes 1»
to It 5tll
Kt to K 2nd
y takes U P
P takes P
R takes P (eh)
to Q tth
takes P
to 8 2nd
P takes Q P
B to Kt 5th (e
B to Q 2nd
). Kl ..
P (eh).
u. p to y :*t
x> Q It 3r«l B to II 4th
9. ]* to y K t tth B to Kt 3rd
10. B to y H 4tit Kt to K B 3rd
11. H to K mi Kt take* P . ch)
12. K to Kt sq P to Q B 3rd
13. Kt to Q B 3rd P to K B 4th
P toy 4th is
with 14. B take
l* ( PU
5. Kt ink s
14. It to R 2nd P to y ltli
15. y 11 to K 2nd K to y sq
W. Kt Dikes Kt, P ti
17. Kt to B5t
16. Kt takes Kt
17. Kt to K 5th
18. R takes P
19. K to R
20. H < K ltli) to K
3rd
21. B to Kr 2nd
22. Q to B 3rd
23. P to Q Kt 5th
*kes B
R P takes Kt
P takes B
Q to B 3rd
B to K B 4th
P to K R 4 th
Q to K 3rd
Kt to II 3rd
lloslKnu
. Kt take* P
M.y, U t k<M
* ilT'B, an.I Kt
INTERNATIONAL chess congress.
The proceedings at Bradford were brought to a close on Mon lay, An?. 20,
a consultation game being played between Blnl and Blnckbtmio against
Wolss nnd Bardeleben for a special prize of ten guineas, given by F. H. Lewis,
Esq. After a protracted light tho game ended In a draw, and tho prizo was
equally divided amongst the combatants. The following are tho full scores
In the Masters TournamentGunsberg, I4j; C.iptiln Mackenzie, 13;
J. Mason, 12; C. V. Bardeleben, 12; A. Burn. 11 A ; M. Weiss, 11; J. H.
Blackbnrnc, 11 ; S, Taubenbain*, 10; W. H. K. Pollock, 8; H. E. Bird. 8;
K. Tborold, 7i; C. D. Locock. 7$; F. J. i.ec, 6; J. Mortimer, 6 ; Rev.
J. Owen, 6; J. F. Hall, 4j ; A. Kumball, 4; Rov. A. B. Sklpworth, $.
Tho London Banks' Cliess Club held It* annual mooting on Ang. 23. and
n favourable rejiort Of the first year of its existence was presented to its
members. Messrs. K. P. Mat tins (Bank of England) nnd G. Wallace (London
and Westminster Bivnk), to whose labours much of the success of the club
was dne, were re-eleete 1 honorary so'votaries; un i ncomiuititcc consisting of
twelve gentlemen from various banks was apiK>iutc«l to arrange tho details
of tho programme for the coming year.
MUSIC.
THE BIRMINGHAM TRIENNIAL FESTIVAL.
This great music meeting closed on Atig. 31. having opened
with Mendelssohn’s “ Elijah.” on Ang. 28. We have already
given details as to the antecedents of these great celebrations,
nnd the arrangements for that which has just terminated,
most of tho performances at which occurred too late for
present notice. The programme of the opening oratorio
included Meedames Albani, Trebelli, and Patey. Miss Anna
Williams, Mr. E. Lloyd, and Mr. Santley, ns principal solo
vocalists: the two ladies first named, Mr. Fiercy, and
Mr. Brereton having been announced as the soloists in Dvorak’s
“ftabat Mater,” which formed the chief portion of the
evening concert of the same date. Of the subsequent perform¬
ances, including the production of Dr. Parry’s new oratorio,
Judith,” and Dr. Bridge's new cantata, ** Callirhoe,” and
other items, we must speak hereafter.
The Promenade Concerts at Covcnt-Garden r J heatre are still
providing ample and varied entertainment for Londoners and
provincial visitors, at a period when there is little else of
public music going on in the metropolis. Since our last notice
of the Covent-Garden concerts another classical night has been
given. The first part of the programme included Weber’s
Overture to rt Euryanthe,” an impressive “ Andante Religioso,”
by Scharwenka, and Beethoven's Symphony in C minor.
Mendelssohn's first Pianoforte Concerto (in G minor) was
finely played by Madame Frickenhaus, and a violoncello solo
(” Kol Nidrei "). by Max Bruch, was skilfully executed by Mr.
E. Howell. Mr. Santley made his first appearance at these
concerts this season, and sang several songs with his accustomed
effect—other successful vocal performances having been con¬
tributed by the young lady known as “ Nikita,” and Madame
Belle Cole. The later portion of the concert consisted, as
usual, of a miscellaneous selection.
A series of performances of operas in English was an¬
nounced to begin at the Alexandra Palace on Aug. 25, under
the direction of Mr. Valentine Smith. Wallace's f ‘ Maritana”
was promised for the first evening, with Mr. W. Carter as
conductor.
Mr. William Chappell, who died recently at the age of
seventy-eight, was eminent as a musical antiquary. He
edited many valuable works, especially several collections of
old English music of various styles and periods ; and produced
nn important “ History of Music (Art and Science),” which,
we believe, remains uncompleted. Mr. W. Chappell was
related to the principals of the well-known firm of Messrs.
Chappell and Co., of New Bond-street, with which establish¬
ment he was associated before he gave himself up entirely to
literary and musical pursuits, his researches in which have
left many valuable results. Mr. Chappell was a member of
several learned societies.
TEA-CULTIVATION IN INDIA.
According to the report of the Administration of Assam for
the past year, the process of decreasing the number of tea-
gardens while the amount of land under tea-cultivation
increases was continued during the year. The average size of
the Assam gardens is increasing year by year, showing com¬
bination among owners or more capital. The small cultivators
are disappearing. There were 883 gardens in 1886 and 873 in
1887, although new gardens were opened during the latter
year. Even more was done in previous years to amalgamate
gardens, with a view to economy and convenience of working.
The total ar.'a under tea-cultivation in 1887 was 950,171 acres,
an increase cf 16,037 acres over 1886. In 1882 the area of
the gardens was 783,362 acres. These figures represent the
areas held by the tea-planters, and either not yet worked
at all, or in one or other of the various stages between
jungle and productive paying tea-garden. The area under
mature plants last year was 177,900 acres, and under immature
33,179. The area under mature plants increases steadily in
Assam : in 1882 it was 156,707 acres ; in 1885, 159,876. The
total tea - production of the province for 1887 is given at
68,451,180 lb., ail increase ©f 6,731,502 lb., or 10’9l per cent
over 1886, and more than double the production of 1885.
According to the figures of the Indian Tea Association, Assam
produced 74*89 per cent of the whole crop of Indian tea in
1887. The yield per acre of the whole province was 385 lb. for
the year, as compared with 363 lb. in 1886. The tendency of
the cost of production is to decrease with the improved
communications and methods of cultivation and manu¬
facture. More is obtained from the soil at less cost,
it is handled more cheaply and effectually, and reaches
the consumer by more economical communications. The price
is now lower than it ever was before, yet the planters are
doing fairly well as regards profits. The explanation is that
the tea can now be turned out for less than was possible a few
years ago. The use of machinery of an improved character is
now largely extended, while freight and cost of transport are
much less. The coolies are growing older and more skilled in
their work, and can do more and far better than they could
when raw hands.” The Indian Tea Association estimate that
Assam will produce 70,975,8841b. this year, out of a total
Indian crop of 95,829,312 lb.
EXHIBITION OF OLD MASTERS AT BIRMINGHAM.
A loan collection of more than local importance has been
opened at the Birmingham Art Gallery. It consists of
paintings by Old Masters, including some which have obtained
a world-wide reputation. The nucleus of the exhibition
consists of ninety pictures, selected from the historical
portraits of the Lenuard family, which have hitherto only been
seen by favoured visitors to Belhus House. Sir Thomas
Barrelt-Lcnnard has, however, conferred a distinguished
favour on the Birmingham Gallery by allowing Mr. Whit¬
worth W allis, the curator, to select for several months as
many specimens as he desired. This famous collection has
been accumulated from generation to generation, and embraces
portraits by Holbein, Lucas, Vandyke, Janssen, Sir Peter
Lclv, Francois do Troy, Reynolds, and others. This interesting
group is supplemented by most liberal loans from the galleries
of the Duke of Westminster, Duke of Norfolk, the Marquis
of Hertford, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Earl of
Dartmouth, the Earl of Coventry, Lord Windsor, and
others. To the Duke of Westminster the collection owes
ten celebrated works, including landscapes by Claud, a
sea-piecc by Gainsborough, and three Rembrandts. The Duke
of Westminster also lends “St. John and the Lamb,” by
Murillo, and a sketch, by Velasquez, of that artist’s equestrian
picture of the Prince of the Asturias, which is one of the
splendid works of the Museum of Madrid. The Duke of Norfolk
lends three fine Vandykes from Arundel Castle ; while the Earl
of Dartmouth sends portraits by Gainsborough, and the Marquis
of Hertford some noteworthy works by Sir Joshua Reynolds.
Lady Burdett-Coutts on Aug. 24 presented the prizes to the
successful competitors in the children’s fourth annual flower-
show, held at Lansdowne - place Ragged Schools, Tabard-
street, Borough.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, 8*rr. I, 1888.-264
ROMAN BATH, 110 ft. LONG, 08
WIDE, WITH HKMAINS OF VAULTED IIALL.
SEPT. 1, 188S
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
265
Thoughts, like snowflakes on some far-off mountain side, go on accumulating till some
great truth is loosened, and falls like an avalanche on the waiting world.
WHAT HEALTH-RESORT, WHAT WATERING-PLACE, WHAT CLIMATE IN THE WORLD
could show results of Preventable Death like these of the power of Sanitation. IGNORANCE OP SANITARY SCIENCE, direct and indirect, Costs
Threefold the amount of Foor-Rate for the Country generally. “ He had given as models of sanitation of adult life, well-constructed and well-kept
prisons, where of those who came in without well-developed disease, and not good lives either, the death-rate did not exceed THREE in 1000. In
Stafford County Jail the death-rate had, during the last ten years, been actually less than one in every thousand—not a tenth of the death-rate of
adult outsiders.”—Inaugural Address by E. CHADWICK, C.B., on the Sanitary Condition of England.
THE KING OF PHYSICIANS, PURE AIR.—JEOPARDY OF LIFE.—THE GREAT DANGER OF VITIATED AIR.
“ Former generations perished in venial ignorance of nil sanitary laws. When BLACK DEATH massacred Hundreds of Thousands, neither the victims nor their rulers
could be accounted responsible for their slaughter.”—Times.
After breathing impure air for two minutes and a half, every drop of blood is more or less poisoned. There is not a point in the human frame bnt has been traversed by poisonous blood ;
not a point but must have suffered injury. ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT ” is the best known remedy •. it removes foetid or poisonous matter (the groundwork of disease) from the blood by natural
means, allays nervous excitement, depression,and restores the nervous system to its proper condition. Use ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT.” It is pleasant, cooling, refreshing, and invigorating.
You caunot Overstate its great value in keeping the blood pure and free from disease.
IMPORTANT TO ALL.
Especially to Consuls. Ship Captains. Emigrants, and Europeans generally who ore visiting or residing in Hot or Forei'
use ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT.” Von cannot overstate its great value in keeping the BLOOD PURE. Without such a
means of keeping the system clear, and thus taking away, the groundwork of Malarious Diseases and all Liver Co
Beverage, or as a Gentle Laxative and Tonic in the various forms of Indigestion,
i Climates, or in the United Kingdom. As a natural prodnet of Nature,
iimple precaution, the JEOPARDY of life is immensely increased. As a
•plaints, or ns a Health-giving, Refreshing, Cooling, and Invigorating
USE ENO’S
E’EL.TJIT SALT . 1
It. is particularly valuable. No TRAVELLER should leave home without a supply, for by its use the most dangerous forms of FEVERS, BLOOD POISONS, ike., are prevented and cured. It
is, in truth, a FAMILY MEDICINE CHEST in the simplest yet most potent form. Instead of being lowering to the system, this preparation is in the highest degree invigorating. Its effect
in relieving thirst, giving tone to the system, aud aiding digestion, is most striking.
FOR BILIOUSNESS OR SICK HEAD¬
ACHE, Giddiness, Depression of Spirits, Sluggish Liver,
Vomiting, Sourness of the Stomach, Heartburn, Costiveness
and its evils. Impure Blood and Skin Eruptions, kc.,
ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT ” is the simplest and best
remedy yet introduced. It removes by natural means
effete matter or poison from the blood, thereby preventing
and curing boils, carbuncles, fevers, feverish skin, ery¬
sipelas. and all epidemics, and counteracts any ERRORS
OF EATING OR DRINKING, or any sudden affliction or
mental strain, and prevents diarrhoea (also removes
diarrhoea in the first stage by natural means). It is a
Pleasant Beverage", and may be taken as an invigorating
and cooling draught under any circumstances, from infancy
to old age. It is impossible to overstate its value, and on
that account no household ought to be without it, for by
its use many disastrous results may be entirely prevented.
In the nursery it is beyond praise. Notwithstanding its
medical value, the “ FRUIT SALT" must be looked upon
as essential as breathing fresh air, or as a simple and safe
beverage under all circumstance*, and may be taken as a
sparkling and refreshing draught, in the same way as
lemonade, soda-water, potass-water, itc., only it is much
cheaper and better in creri/ sense of the term , to an unlimited
extent. The “FRUIT SALT” nets as simply, yet just ns
powerfully, on the animal system as sunshine does on the
vegetable world. It has a natural action on the organs of
digestion, absorption, circulation, respiration, secretion, and
excretion, and removes all impurities, thus preserving and
restoring health.
INQUESTS. — A STARTLING ARRAY
OF PREVENTABLE DEATHS. —Why should FEVER,
that VILE SLAYER of MILLIONS of the HUMAN
RACE, not he as much and more hunted up, and its career
stopped, as the solitary wretch who causes his fellow a
violent death ? The MURDERER, as he is called, is quickly
made example of by the law. Fevers are almost universally
acknowledged to be PREVENTABLE DISEASES. How is
it that they are allowed to level their thousands every year,
and millions to suffer almost without protest ! The most
ordinary observer must be struck with the huge blunder.
"Who's to blame? For the means of preventing PRE¬
MATURE DEATH from disease, use ENO’S 44 FRUIT
SALT.” It keeps the BLOOD PURE, and is thus of itself
one of the most valuable means of keeping the blood free
from fevers (and blood poisons), liver complaints, &c., ever
discovered. As a means of preserving and restoring health
it is unequalled ; and it is, moreover, a pleasant, refreshing,
and invigorating beverage. After a patient and careful
observation of its effects when used. I have no hesitation in
stating that if its great value in keeping the body healthy
were universally known, not a household in the land would
be without it, or a travelling trunk or portmanteau but
would contain it.
j /typ,QQ0 P£Asc//s every year ms
dea/As -
WHICH MAY BE PREVENTED.
TO EUROPEANS WHO PROPOSE RE¬
SIDING IN OR VISITING HOT CLIMATES, I consider
the FRUIT SALT to be an indispensable necessary, for by
its use the system is relieved of poisonous matter, the result
of eating to nearly the same extent and of too rich food as
they do in a colder country, while so much heat-making
food is not required in a warmer climate. By keeping the
system clear, the FRUIT SALT takes away the groundwork
of malarious diseases, and all liver complaints, and
neutralises poisonous matter.
JEOPARDY OF LIFE-THE GREAT
DANGER OF DELAY.—You can change the Trickling
Stream, but not the Raging Torrent.
WHAT EVERYBODY SHOULD READ.-
HOW IMPORTANT it is to every individual to have at
hand some simple, effective, and palatable remedy, such as
ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT,” to check disease at the onset?
For this is the time. With very little trouble you can
change the course of the trickling mountain stream, but
not the rolling river. It will defy all your tiny efforts. I
feel I cannot sufficiently impress this important information
upon all householders, or ship captains, or Europeans
generally, who are visiting or residing in any hot or foreign
climate. Whenever a change is contemplated likely to
disturb the condition of health, let ENO’S “FRUIT
SALT ” lie your companion; for, under any circum¬
stances, its use is beneficial, and never can do harm.
When you feel out of sorts, yet unable to say why—
frequently, without any warning, you are suddenly
seized with lassitude, disinclination for bodily or mental
exertion, loss of appetite, sickness, pain in the forehead,
dull aching of back and limbs, coldness of the surface, and
often shivering, &c.; then your whole body is out of order—
the spirit of danger has been kindled, but you do not know
where it may end. It is a real necessity to have a simple
remedy at hand that will always answer the very best end,
with a positive assurance of doing good in every case, and
in no case any harm. The pilot can so steer and direct as
to bring the ship into safety, but he cannot quell the raging
storm. The common idea when not feeling well is, “ I will
wait and see—perhaps I shall be better to-morrow ; ”
whereas, had a supply of ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT ” been
at hand, and made use of at the onset, all calamitous results
might have been avoided. What dashes to the earth bo
many hopes, breaks so many sweet alliances, blasts so many
auspicious enterprises, as untimely death ! “ I used my
‘ FRUIT SALT ’ freely in my last severe attack of fever,
and I have every reason to say it saved my life."—J. C. Eno.
STIMULANTS AND INSUFFICIENT
AMOUNT OF EXERCISE FREQUENTLY derange the
liver. ENO’S “FRUIT SALT ” is peculiarly adapted
for any constitutional weakness of the liver. A world of
woes is avoided by those who keep and use ENO’S
“FRUIT SALT.” “All our customers for ENO’S
‘ FRUIT SALT ’ would not be without it upon any con¬
sideration.—Wood Brothers, Chemists, Jersey.”
A NATURAL WAY OF RESTORING OR PRESERVING HEALTH,
USE ZEUsTO’S
FE/UIT SALT:
HEALTH-GIVING, COOLING, REFRESHING, AND INVIGORATING.
“ From the Rev. J. W. Holy Trinity Church, North Shields.
aotlon to himself anil friends. Then
ciiuls of complaint* that I think yi
co. J Uni myself that It makes d
IMPORTANT TO TRAVELLERS AND ALL LEAVING HOME FOR A CHANGE.
Wchave for the last four years used your ‘Fruit Salt' durimr several important Survey Expeditions In the
Peninsula, .Slam, ami Cambodia, and have undoubtedly derived very great bcneUt from it. In one Instance
vhs one of oitr party attacked with fever during that period, and that hapjioned after on r supply of ‘Fruit
had run out. NVheu making long marches under the powerful rays of a vertical sun, or travelling through
l»y districts, we have Used the ‘ Fruit Salt’ two and three times a day. The - Fruit Salt' acts as a gentle
m, keeps the* blond cool and healthy, and wards off fever. We have pleasure In voluntarily testifying to the
of your preparation, and our llrm belief In its efficacy. Wc never go into the jungle without It, and have also
mended It to others. -Yours truly, “Commander A. J. Loft us, his Siamese Majesty's Hydrographcr.
“E. c. Davidson, Superintendent Siamese Government Telegraphs.
.lam, May, 1883.*’
“ To J. C. Eno, Esq., London.
THE SECRET OF SUCCESS A n
rought Ijoforo the public, and co
by the unscrupulous, who. In i
to infringe upon legal rights, <
reputation aud protit."—A dams.
CAUTION—Examine each Bottle, and see the Capsule is marked ENO'S “FRUIT SALT.” Without it you have been imposed on by Worthless Imitations.
Sold hj all Chemists. DIRECTIONS IN SIXTEEN LANGUAGES HOW TO PREVENT DISEASE. Protection in every Country,
PREPARED ONLY AT ENO’S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, LONDON, S.E., BY J. C. ENO’S PATENT.
disordered stomach and bilious attacks.
, preforonce 10 nn y other medicine, more particularly In bilious attacks ; their a.
ur ’ anU frequently In conjunction with a small glass of Kuo’s ‘ Fruit Salt.*—Yo 1
ritSwlM To , Mr - J - c - MO, London. “Please send me further supp
u wruu.,r,r ( - th -™“sr K1 ^ ““ naon -" Bcnu me mrtncr s " ,w 01 y °’"' ’ VEGETABI,E MOTO •
■Frail™* CORRESPONDENT, in ordering » further supply of the “VEGETABLE MOTO” in July, L-
A gentleman writesDec. 27. 1887.-After twelve months’experience of the
■ value of tin 1 VEGETABLE MOTO,’ I unhesitatingly recommend their
my opinion. They have never failed to give the wtehed-for relief. I take them at
ONE WHO KNOWS.”
of tho P.0. Inclosed (eight shillings). The first small parcel came fully up to what
ENO’S “VEGETABLE MOTO," of all Chemists, price Is. l’d.| post-free, Is. 3d.
ENO’S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, POMEROY - STREET, NEW CROSS-ROAD, LONDON, S.E.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON’ NEWS
SEPT. 1, 1888
'266
THE PLAYHOUSES.
Brown-faced and clear-eyed from health-giving roamings by
seaside and loch, on moorland and mountain-side, the advance-
guard of tourists are returning to town to laugh at “ Betsy,”
to gather patriotic inspiration from “ The Union Jaok,’' and a
pleasing fragrance from “ Sweet Lavender.” to admire mellow¬
voiced Miss Wadraan as Lecocq’s “ Pepita,” to be moved to
wonderment by Mr. Mansfield's clever transformation from
Dr. Jekyll to Mr. Hyde, and to judge anew of Mr. H. Beerbohm-
Tree’s abilities in the new Havmarket play of ** Captain Swift.”
London has another attractive novelty : Mr. W. S. Penleyas
Zedekiah Aspen, quaintest of his gallery of infinitely grotesque
and amusing creations. The time is surely almost ripe for this
irresistibly comic actor to rule over a Temple of Comedy of
his own. Mr. Penley is unquestionably the most artistic and
original of our comedians. He appears as the naif and green
curate, the Reverend Robert Spalding, in “ The Private
Secretary ”; and the fortune of
that laughter-lifting comedy from
the German is made. In other
parts under the appreciative man¬
agement of Mr. C. H. Hawtrey,
Mr. Penley lias been consistently
diverting. No matter how slight
the character, he imparts a dis¬
tinctiveness to it that might well
inspire a few contemporary lead¬
ing comedians who are always
themselves in whatever garb they
appear with a little artistic sense
of the ne?d of individualising
their impersonations. Thus, it
would be bard to identify Mr.
Pen ley's dapper City man in
“Crutch and Toothpick” with
the clerical greenhorn in “ The
Private Secretary" ; and it would
be as difficult to recognise in the
impersonator of the Reverend
Robert Spalding the talented
comedian who made us all laugh
again as the sporting young man
about town, with his catch-phrase
of “ What wit! what repartee ! ”
as applied to the Gutta-Percha
Girl in “The Arabian Nights.”
Mr. Penley is, if anything,
more entertaining than ever as
the peculiar little fop, Zedekiah
Aspen, who half covers his white
hair with the most comical little
wig in the world when he goes
courting in the new farcical play
of “ Uncles and Aunts,” by Mr. W.
Lestocq and Mr. Walter Everard,
at the Comedy Theatre. This so-
called comedy is in itself of small
merit. Its feeble plot is little
better than that of an impromptu
drawing-room charade, or game
of dnmb-crambo. Indeed, “ Uncles
and Aunts” is solely worth seeing
on account of Mr. Penley’s very droll lovemaking. The two
pairs of young lovers entrusted to Mr. Walter Everard and Mr.
W. Draycott, Miss Cissy Grahame and Miss Vane Featherston,
are but shadowy personages. There is more backbone in the
breezy Uncle Rawlins of that excellent actor, Mr. Charles
Groves, and in the peppery Uncle Henry of Mr. W. Lestocq. But
all the interest centres in Zedekiah Aspen. There is a roar at
his first appearance as snitor for the hand of that designing
young lady, Miss Mary Marley ; and mirth increases when he
transfers his affections to an old flame, the Miss Rawlins whom
he has ever cherished in his memory as “ Aurora Borealis.”
In his aforesaid comical little wig, and in an old-fashioned
light silk waistcoat and suit to match. Mr. Penley as Zedekiah
Aspen presents a fignre a mere glance at which elicits shouts
of laughter, and causes fun-loving people among the audience
to fairly roll in their seats with uncontrollable mirth. In
quaint comicality, in fine, Mr. Penley is unsurpassed. See
him ! A word of praise should be added for Mr. W. F.
Kawtrey's drily humorous portrayal of the butler, Bates.
Pending the production of the new comic opera of “ Nadje,”
the Avenue Theatre has been opened for a brief season of
comedy and burlesque by Mr. Henry Bracy. who does not use
his admirable tenor voice, however, in either piece. Mr.
Arthur Law supplies the comedy. His “ Gladys ” introduces
us to a group of character? thrown together in the first place
in Gerald Lockhart's London studio, and next in Colonel
Faulkner's Junglepore bungalow. This Colonel Faulkner (Mr.
Roycc Carleton) is a cal Ions adventurer, who seeks to compel
his fair young wife to be bis confederate at the card-table in
order that Gerald Lockhart, her former lover, may be fleeced.
Bub Gladys Faulkner, who bitterly regrets her marriage,
declines to act as his decoy-bird. The Colonel’s cheating at
cards is exposed by a callow Lieutenant; and in the end he is
proved to have contracted an early marriage, Gladys thus
being left free to pair off with Gerald Lockhart, who is repre¬
sented well by Mr. Lewis Waller. As Gladys, Miss Florence
West, one of the best of our school of rising young
actresses, performed with accustomed grace and force : and
the acting of Mr. Richard Purdon as the martinet General
Peploe, Mr. Royce Carleton as Faulkner, Mr. Mark King-
home as the rascally Dredge, and Mr. Ernest Paterson as
Dubois was commendable. But the dessert of the Avenue menu is
the favourite dish. The old Royalty extravaganza of “ Don
Juan, Junior,” by Mr. Robert Reece and Mr. Edward Righton,
refurbished with new puns and hits at current topics, including
the discussion on “ Is Marriage a Failure ?" is revived with a
bountiful liberality as regards the number of comely choristers.
The sparkling Don Juan of tuneful Miss Emily Spiller, the
seductive Haidee of Miss Addie Conyers, the grotesque Lambro
of Mr. Kinghorne, the terrible Sultan Alnaschar of Mr. Richard
Pardon, the light-footed Ethiopian minstrel of Mr. Edward W.
Colman. the unctuously droll Benzoline of Miss SallieTurner, the
alluring Gulbevaz of Miss Ada Bemistcr, the vivacious Zoe of
nimble Miss Kate Everleigh, and. above all, the remarkably
THE BRITISH ARCHEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION.
The British Archaeological Association, of which the Marquis
of Bute is this year the president, -began its sittings
in Glasgow on Aug. 27. Although this is the forty-fifth
annual congress, it is the first occasion on which the asso¬
ciation has crossed the border. Sir James King. Lord Provost,
welcomed the members to the city, and Sheriff Berry and Mr.
John Honeyman, chairman of lhe reception committee and
president of the Glasgow Archseological Society, all gave
them greeting. The members visited the ancient Celtic
camp at Langsidc, near Glasgow, and were present when a
memorial, recently erected on the site of the battle of Lang-
side. was handed over to the patrons of Hutchison's Hospital.
They afterwards visited the cathedral, whose architectural
features were described by Mr. John Honeyman. In the
evening the members dined together in the Grand Hotel.
The Marquis of Bute, delivering on the 28th the inaugural
address, said it was the time of
Wallace and Bruce that developed
the Scotlaud of the present, and
gave birth to its institutions, such
as its burghs, Parliamentary re¬
presentation. jurisprudence, and
the universities, which were sub¬
jects of special attachment and
pride. The history of Scotland
had three great periods—early,
mediaeval.and modern. The first
one ended with the death of Mac¬
beth in 1057, the second ended
with the defeat of Queen Mary
at Langsidc, and the modern
period was of no npccial interest.
humorous dancing and singing of Mr. Edward Rigliton as
Pedrillo, with his clever mimicry of Mr. Mansfield as
“Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,” rendered the performance of
‘•Don Juan, Junior,” manifestly acceptable to those present.
With respect to metropolitan outdoor entertainments,
nothing is better in its way than the exciting military
spectacle represented twice a day by real cavalry and infantry
at the Irish Exhibition. The attack on the castle within
the hippodramatic inclosnre by a British force, which bombards
the Indian rebels’ stronghold, carries it by assault, and drives
the mutineers out at the point of the bayonet, forms a most
impressive spectacle, and is aptly crowned with a brilliant
march - past, to inspiriting martial music. This warlike
encounter is preceded by a variety of exciting equestrian leaps
over a five-barred gate, stone wall, and hedge and ditch ; and
by a series of well fought-out military contests, such as sword
against bayonet, mounted and on foot, tilting at the ring and
the “Turk's head.” The whole, in a word, forms a unique
entertainment such as should draw many thousands to the
Irish Exhibition.
The Anglo-Danish Exhibition gold medal for grates has
been awarded to Mr. James B. Pettier, of Yeovil, for his
Nautilus Grate and Mail-clad Stove.
The twenty-first horse and sheep show, held in connection
with the Royal Dublin Society, commenced on Aug. 28 at the
society’s show-yard at Balls-bridge. The Lord Lieutenant
visited the show-yard in the forenoon.
The annual pastoral address of the Wesleyan Methodist
Conference, signed by the Rev. Joseph Bush as president, will
shortly be circulated. It speaks hopefully of the prospects of
Methodism, points out that the net gain of 3500 members
recently reported indicates imperfectly what multiplied
agencies have accomplished during the past year, and gives
the number of new members received as nearly 48,000.
A new form, of speech record¬
ing and reproducing machine
known as the graphophoue, has
been brought to this country
from America by Mr. H. Ed¬
munds, of the firm of Walter T.
Glover and Co., of 10, Hatton-
garden. The inventor is Mr.
Charles Sumner Tainter, and the
proprietor of the patents, the
Volta Graphophone Company, of
Washington, U.S.A., have ap¬
pointed Mr. Edmunds os their
representative in Europe. It is
stated that they are used in both
Houses of Congress in Washing¬
ton for reporting the proceedings.
About 1*200 children were
taken to Bushey Park on Aug. 28,
under the auspices of the Ragged
School Union, to enjoy a day
in the country. Unfortunately
the weather was most un¬
favourable, rain falling during
the greater part of the day, and
thus in a great measure detract¬
ing from the pleasure of the
holiday. Plenty of good, substantial food was, however, pro¬
vided for the children, and this helped to minimise the
depressing effect of the weather. Sweets and toys were dis-
tributed, and the teachers, of whom there were about 150
present, were untiring in their efforts to entertain their little
charges.
The Revenue and Agricultural Department of the Govern¬
ment of India have issued the following report on the prospects
of the cotton crop in the Central Provinces :—■“ Owing to
delay in commencement of monsoon, sowings have been
made in some places later than usual, and have in parts of
Nimar only just been completed. But in Nagpur and Wardha
they were effected much earlier. There is no reason to believe
that the area under cotton is less than the normal. The
plants are doing well, and reports are favourable from all
districts. A break in the rains is needed in Nagpur and
Wardha, where the crop is ready for weeding, and if this takes
place there is no reason so far why the outturn should not be
an excellent one.”
Sir James King, of Campsie, Stirlingshire, Lord Provost of
Glasgow, on whom her Majesty has conferred the honour of a
baronetcy, in commemoration of her visit to Glasgow, is the
eldest son of the late Mr. James King, of Campsie, by marriage
with Christina, daughter of Mr. James Macnie, of Stirling,
and was born in 1830. lie was educated at the University of
Glasgow; he is a Magistrate for Lanarkshire, and also a Magis¬
trate and Deputy-Lieutenant for Stirlingshire. He was elected
Lord Provost of Glasgow first in 188(1. Sir James King married
in 18(51 Marian, daughter of Mr William Westall, of Streatham-
common, Surrey, by whom he has a son, John Westall, born in
18(53. Her Majesty also knighted Mr. M*Onie. the ex-Lord
Provost, and Dr. Marwick, the Town Clerk of Glasgow. Sir
W T illiam M*Onie was Lord Provost of the city from 1HK3 to
188(5. Sir James David Marwick, LL.D., is a native of Leith.
He was appointed Town Clerk of Edinburgh in 1800, and has
occupied a similar position in Glasgow since 1873.
“T)Y a thorough knowledge of the natural laws which govern the operations of digestion
U and nutrition, and by a careful application of the tine properties of well-selected Cocoa,
Mr. Epps has provided our breakfast tables with a delicately-flavoured beverage which may save
us many heavy doctors’ bills, It is by the judicious use of such articles of diet that
EPPS’S COCOA
a constitution may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist every tendency to disease,
Hundreds of subtle maladies are floating around us ready to attack wherever there is a weak
point. We may escape many a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure blood
and a properly nourished frame,”—Civil Service Gazette.
Gold Medal, Inventions, 1885.
P. 1, 1888
267
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
Owing to the great popularity at¬
tained by the use of St. Jacobs Oil
in other countries specially prepared
for veterinary purposes, the pro¬
prietors, 'Die Charles A. Vogeler
Company, of Jo, Farringdon - road,
London, have determined to intro¬
duce this famous remedy in Great
Britain for that purpose. The Oil
for veterinary purposes is placed in
yellow wrappers and is quite a
different thing from the Oil in white
wrappers. The former contains in¬
gredients particularly adapted for use
on animals, and is far superior to all
other liniments and embrocations for
veterinary puqioses. The public arc
particularly cautioned to use the Oil
in yellow wrappers only for
veterinary purposes. The price of
the Oil is within the reach of all, viz.,
two shillings and sixpence per bottle,
of all dealers in veterinary medicines,
or free by parcels post from the pro¬
prietors. We should most certainly
say. from the enormous popularity
which the Oil has attained, not only
in this country but in every part of
the civilised world, that no stable or
kennel will be complete without St.
Jacobs Oil in yellow wrappers.
It is now used extensively and
with wonderful success by the
leading Job-Masters, Omnibus and
Cab Companies of London and pro¬
vincial cities, in all cases where an
outward application is indicated.
The West- Faid Omnibus Company,
of Auckland, New Zealand, of which
Mr. S. Child is manager, writes to
the •• Daily Herald ” of that city :—
“ We have much pleasure in bearing
testimony to the efficacy of St. Jacobs
Oil in yellow wrappers for veterinary
purposes. Its success has been par¬
ticularly marked in cases of lameness
in our stables. For man and beast,
St. Jacobs Oil is the greatest pain-
cure ever discovered. It seems to
possess properties peculiarly adapted
for use on horses, and is undoubtedly
the most useful and popular liniment
in the world.”
The Trotting Editor of the “ Spirit
of the Times,” New York, after an exhaustive interview with leading horsemen, stablemen, sportsmen, drivers, and bleeders
of horses, states, editorially, that “ St. Jacobs Oil in yellow wrappers will do all that is claimed for it in the cure of
sprains, stiffness, lameness, and suffering on man and beast.”
The popular veterinary surgeon of New York, Dr. William A. Soula. D.V.S., for nine years in charge of the Third
Avenue Tramcar stables, certifies to the curative qualities of St. Jacobs Oil, as superior to all other remedies for ailments
of horses, such as sprains, galls, and rheumatism; that in many cases horses which have been condemned as useless
on account of injuries received, have been permanently cured by treating such injuries -with St. Jacobs Oil in yellow
wrappers without the aid of any other treatment.
Perhaps there is no preparation in the world which enjoys the same degree of success and popularity as St. Jacobs Oil.
Its sale far exceeds that of any other Proprietary Medicine, and exceeds by ten times that of all o’ther liniments and
embrocations combined. This wonderful success rests oil the solid foundation of merit which St. Jacobs Oil possesses,
combined with original, dignified, and systematic advertising, which has always characterised the announcements of the
Proprietors. The name “St. Jacobs Oil” has become a household word in every civilised country in the world. The great
success and popularity of the Oil have become the subject of comment by almost the entire Press of the country. In many
instances the leading articles of large and influential papers have been devoted to the details of what seemed to be almost
magical cures effected by the use of St. Jacobs Oil in local eases, coming under the immediate attention of the publishers.
St. Jacobs Oil is endorsed by statesmen, judges, the clergy, the medical profession, and people in every walk of life.
SCHWEITZER’S
COCOATINA.
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa or Chocolate Powder.
GUARANTEED PURE SOLUBLE COCOA.
Sold in i Lb., Jib., and 1 lb. Tins.
BY CHEMISTS, GROCERS, Ate.
ADAMS’S
Furniture
Polish.
THE OLDEST AND
BEST.
“THE QUEEN”
Fools no hesitation in recommending Its use.—
Dee. 22, 1883.
Sold by Grocers, Ironmongers, Cabinetmakers,
Oilmen, &c.
. Manufactory: VALLEY-ROAD, SHEFFIELD.
FISHER’S
GLADSTONE BAG.
18-in., Plated, £0; Silver. £7 10s.
In Black or Brown Cowhide, with Strong Lock and
Brass Catches, Koinovahle Centre, fitted complete with
Comb, Hairbrush, Clothes and Hat Brushes: Tooth,
Nall, and Shaving Brushes: Razor-Strop, Paper-Knife,
Seent-Bottle. Jar: Soap-Dish, Writing-Case. Penholder,
Pencil, Inkftnnd. Match-Box, Looking-Glass, Two Razors,
Scissors, Nnil-Flle, and Button-Hook, Price, complete,
£6, with Plated Fittings ; £7 10s., with Silver Fitting*.
FISHER’S
BEATRICE BAG.
] The New Lady's Bag, Removable Centre, Morocco
[ Leather, titled complete. Silver Mounts. Ivory Brushes,
| Very Elegant. A small Fitted Bag. contains Soap-Box,
Jar, Scent-Bottle, Tooth and Nail Brushes, Pajxjr-Knlfe,
Glove Stretchers, Comb, Hair-Brush, Velvet-Brush,
Looking-Glass, Scissors, Button-Hook, Nail-File, Knife,
Corkscrew.
Price £4 log.
S. FISHER, 188, STR AND.
USE
FRY’S
PURE CONCENTRATED
COCOA
Ask your Grocer for a Sample, gratis.
re whose digestive organs
Price 16 ■ 6 d.-willi mil Luther Cued Cord
The “LILIPL'T” is a very useful, light, but strong
vest-pocket Field and Opera Glass. Its particular and
newly-invented Perfect Achromatic Combination Glasses
are made In accordance with the directions of the Tech¬
nical Artillery Commission Office of Poitiers (France),
and render the “ LILIPUT" equal if not superior to all
the large and cumbersome glasses generally used in the
Army, Travelling, Theatres. Races, 50,000 in use all
over Europe. Thousands of best testimonials.
E. KRAUSS CO.,
60, HAYMARKET, S.W.
Paris 4, AVENUE DE LA REPL’BLIQUE.
iMGLISH KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER.
for RoU efc Wear, with BrC-guet spring to
for HonroMwfS 1 , on horseback, *c. Specially adapted
iLjrraaSg?oUu^world.
£25 i itsSVeffei*.- - «***. art* aw
BENSfN’S
"FIELD "
_..
confidently
chat can lie
BENSON’S WATCHES
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Gold Crystal Glass Cases, £12 13s. Lady’s
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SMALL CARES.
There are few men who do not long in their beat moments—
moments that come too rarely—to escape from what Words¬
worth calls “ the fever of the world.” Life is full of fretful
anxieties, of little cares that irritate and weaken the mind.
A great trial braces the spirit to endure, if not to conquer.
Through pain and sorrow wc gain fortitude and patience ; but
the daily worries of life seldom add to the dignity of human
nature. Often we cannot get rid of them : they stick to us
like burs; and, like the rats that attacked Bishop Hatto. con¬
quer by numbers. Dress is often the cause of small cares, and
fashion is a fruitful source of irritation. When a man's boots,
instead of fitting like a glove, remind him of one of the in¬
s' raments used in a mediaeval torture-chamber, the pain felt
cannot be said to inspire fortitude. A taste for pretty things
also has its drawbacks. Oar delicate Venetian glasses are
easily destroyed by fellow-mortals, whether cats or servants ;
the sun fades curtains ; the moth finds its way into furs ; the
books of which we are prond are injured by damp or, more
fre jucntly, by careless borrowers; and when a “ precious ”
tea-pot or bowl is broken, it is not every woman who is
*• mistress of herself though china fall.” If an author's manu¬
script is lost in the post, or if a poem, which he trusts may
rank him with the immortals, is criticised in the literary
journals as weak in meaning and halting in metre, I do not
think that cares of this kind are likely to sweeten his temper,
or to make a better man of him. If after buying a house
which, in the fine language of auctioneers, is “ replete with
drainage and every convenience,” he has, instead of these
advantages, a large drain upon his purse, it is to be feared that
the discipline will be thrown away.
There are days when nothing goes right with us. Even in
our own judgment we fail in all that we attempt to do, and
everything done by others is wrong. When dressing, we shave
with a blunt razor, cut our chin, and lose our temper. At
breakfast time, thanks to the cook’s carelessness, we lose it
again, and can sympathise with Luther's anger when he flung
his inkstand at the Devil. Then comes the post, and the first
letter we open is, perhaps, from a tenant demanding some
extensive repairs, or from a tradesman sending “account
rendered ” of a bill which we had totally forgotten ; the second
is a summons to a special jury, one of the great evils that flesh,
combined with a modicum of property, is heir to ; the third
requests, in an unhappy moment, a snbscription to a charity;
and the fourth regrets to state that we have over¬
drawn our banking account. While a man ponders over
these disagreeable letters, his wife, who sits smiling on the
other side of the table, fills his cup to the brim (figuratively
speaking) by reminding him of his promise to meet her in
Bond-street to choose a bonnet; and *• Fred, dear,” she adds,
“ don’t you think, as you are so seldom able to shop with me, I
might as well buy a handsome winter cloak at the same time 1 ”
I fancy I see dear Fred ” when this request is made, and
Mrs. Frederick’s look of dismay when her gentle husband
. “ flies out,” as after all these provocations he may be pardoned
for doing. It is not good for the digestion to get out of
temper, and indigestion does not promote good-humour—as the
clerks in the irritated man's office find that day to their cost!
On the young and hopeful and healthy the small anxieties
of life sit lightly enough. They are felt one day, to be for¬
gotten the next. When “ Youth is on the prow and Pleasure
at the helm ” the vessel sails gallantly in the sunshine—
Like those trim skills unknown or yoro
On winding lakes and rivers wide,
That ask no aid of will or oar.
That fear no spite of wind or tide.
MAPLE and CO., Manufacturers of
II DINING-ROOM FURNITURE. The largest assort¬
ment to choose from, as well as the best possible value.
Three more houses have Just been added to tills im|»ortaiit
department. Half a century's reputation.
MAPLE and CO.’S NEW SPECIMEN
± Jm DINING-ROOMS, decorated and fully appointed with
furniture In jioUnrd oak. brown oak, Cliipj»endnle mahogany,
antique carved oak, American walnut, and other woods, arc
now open to the public, and should be seen by all intending
purchasers.
*pHESE ROOMS are not only helpful as r
A showing the effect of the furniture when arranged in an r
njKirtincnl, but also most suggestive as regards decorative
treatment, as well os a guide to the entire coat of furnishing
In any selected style.
It is when a man wakes up to find that youth is going, or is
already gone, that he frequently becomes the victim of small
cares, which act like a blister. And the misfortune is that,
unlike that painful remedy, they leave no good effects behind
them. One of the advantages of money is that it relieves us
froth a good many of these cares. Too much of that commodity,
indeed, generally brings great cares in its train ; but how
serenely comfortable ought that man to be who has enough!
Of course each of us has a different idea of what constitutes
enough. Discontent comes from desiring too much. I am con¬
tent, therefore, to follow a poet’s leading, and, with Dr. Wendell
Holmes—
r only ask unto this end
A litile more than I can spend.
The bad health that does not incapacitate a man for w'ork,
but only makes work wearisome, is a fruitful breeder of small
cares. When a man’s back is weak the slightest burden seems
heavy. He hates activity, and shrinks from being asked to
take his part in the home’and in the parish. The healthy man
does the thing that ought to be done without hesitation ; the
man less happily constituted frets himself with thinking about
it until the time for action is past.
One of the best ways of escaping from small cares is a
mountain ramble or a sea voyage. No doubt travelling brings
its worries, but they are of a kind to which we are unaccustomed,
and novelty has its charms. -There may be discomforts at sea—
some people object to sea-sickness—and on land the traveller
disposed to grumble may find a cause ; but he does not stay
with his troubles, as he was forced to do at home, and should
black Care overtake him in the Orkneys, he can try the
Hebrides or Iceland. If the tourist would avoid the risk of
being care-burdened, he mast leave no address behind him.
This may have its inconveniences. During a month's absence
from home, accidents may happen : his house may be burnt
down, his wife injured in a railway accident, or his favourite
dog die in a fit. Well, after all, these are mere possibilities,
that really need not be taken into account. The man who
wishes to escape from small cares must not anticipate great
ones. What he has to do is to smoothe the creases of life, not
to prepare for its adversities.
A good many of our small cares arise from self-conscious¬
ness. We trouble too much about what people think of us,
and. like Malvolio, “ taste with a distempered appetite.” Wc
think we are not sufficiently appreciated, and wonder why our
claims are unrecognised. Perhaps our high sense of those
claims is the reason. It is the man who is humble enough to
take a lowly seat who is called to the upper table. Sensitive
persons are apt to brood over cares which they manu¬
facture as a miser broods over his gold; they lack the
generous and free disposition “ that takes those things
for bird - bolts that they deem cannon - bullets ” ; they
meet their troubles half-way. and even find a sort of pleasure
in counting up their vexations. Doctors will tell you of
patients who are proud to have diseases which are sufficiently
uncommon to excite medical interest, and I believe some care-
troubled people cherish a similar feeling. It gives them a sort
of elevation such as that which St. Simeon Stylites enjoyed.
There is surely a distinction in being more worried than one's
neighbours!
The best remedy for small cares, whether real or imaginary,
is to have a great purpose in life. Men who, like Nelson and
Wellington, forget themselves for their country’s sake, or who,
like Livingstone and Gordon, work as ever in the great Task¬
master’s eye, are 110b likely to lessen their strength by fretting
over small troubles. J. D.
TIpIeTOO
TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD, LONDON, W.
WATERLOO BALL: THE ROOM IDENTIFIED.
Sir William Fraser writes to the Times to say that he hac
identified the site of the ball given at Brussels by the Duchess
of Richmond the night before the battle of Quatre Bras. Sir
William says:—“ Some time before leaving England I conversed
with a lady who danced with my father at the ball, and who
has, as you will sec from her name, which I enclose, the best
means of knowing where it took place. This lady, giving me
at the same time a list of those who were invited, told me that
Lord Byron’s allusion to ‘ that high hall ’ w’as ‘ nonsense.’ She
added that the ball took place, not in the Duke of Richmond’s
house, but in a coachmaker’s depot, a low-roofed room at fcbe rear
of it, the street being named Rue de la Blanchisserie. I made
many inquiries in England and in Brussels; no one knew anything
of the place, but all agreed that the scene of the ball had been
frequently sought without success, and that it no longer
existed. I at last ascertained that the site of the Duke of
Richmond’s house was now covered by a large hospital in the
Rue de8 Cendres. I visited the hospital, and one of the nursing
sisters politely pointed out a wing which had formed part of the
Duke’s house. I examined the garden behind this wing: neither
in this nor in the building itself was there any trace of a ball-
roQm. I observed above the wall of the hospital the roof of
a high building, and inquired what it was. The sister replied
that it was the brewery of the Rue de la Blanchisserie. I
walked round to this street, and was informed by the pro¬
prietor of the brewery that he knew nothing on the subject.
After some conversation I asked if he could tell me of whom
his father purchased the property ; he replied of a coachbuilder
named Van Asch. I inquired if the coachbuilder bad a depot.
‘ Yes, a verj' large one; it is now my granary.’ He then
took me up to the first floor, and 1 found myself in the
room, the remembrance of which will live so long as
the English language. It is 120 ft. long, 54 ft. broad, and about
13 ft. high, the floor smooth enough to be danced on to-nighfc.
This room answers precisely to the description given to me.
It is immediately in the rear of the Duke of Richmond’s
house, it is in the street named, it belonged in 1815 to a coach¬
builder, and it is capable of holding at least 400 persons. I
do not think further proof can be required. I have the per¬
mission of the proprietor to give his name, V. Vanginderachter,
brasseur, Rue de la Blanchisserie, 40 et 42. He most courteously
added that he would be glad to show the room to visitors.”
Professor Merivale has been elected general secretary for
the meeting of the British Association, to be held in Newcastle
in 1889.
At a meeting of the delegates of the Hospital Saturday
Fund, held on Aug. 25, at the central office, Mitre-court, Fleet-
street, the secretary reported that all the money contributed on
the occasion of the last Hospital Saturday had been paid in :
and the result was a total of £5000. being £500 more than in
1887.
The preachers in Westminster Abbey for September are as
followSunday, 2nd, at ten a.m., in choir, the Rev. ,1. H.
(Jheadle. Minor Canon ; at three p.m., in choir, Canon Duck¬
worth. Sunday, 9th, at ten a.m., in choir, Canon Saumarez
Smith, Principal of St. Aidan’s; at three p.m., in choir. Canon
Duckworth. Sunday, IGth, at ten a.m., in choir, the Rev.
B. K. W. Pearse, Rector of Ascot; at three p.m., in choir,
Canon Duckworth. Sunday, 23rd, at ten a.m., in choir, the
Rev. E. C. Hawkins, Vicar of St. Bride’s, Fleet-street; at
three p.m., in choir, Canon Duckworth. Sunday, 30th, at
ten a.m., in choir, Bishop of North Dakota ; at three p.m., in
choir, Canon Duckworth.
AND MOST CONVENIENT
FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENT
IN THE WORLD.
JNDIAN CARPETS. iJURKEY CARPETS.
TNDIAN CARPETS AT A CAR ™ , Js > above
J- iAfi>onTcnc nnicR m aim v .....i rn all others, the most siiit:ii>le for the inning-mom,
M : 1 2&'£ v i :‘Si
MAPLE and CO. have also a great T VM^.iwiinLLi Jco.
muiiLor of really fine Indian rariK-i.s, iiu ii-urinff °nly Die Larg«*«t Itn|»>rtcr< of T1 IlKK^ L'AHI’KTS,
aLout I2fi. Lv *jft., which they are ofTermi? at the low out, iiaviiura Unint'li House at Sm> rua, with AKt-ney at
price of 7 ini'inen*. an well a.-* a varied a^ort incut of Oucluik. the centre of tho wca\inir dirdnet, arc al.lo to
other size*M proportionate prices. exercise close supervision o \cr the whole process of
. ___ „ „ . _ __ _ m_inufactmv which is the only way Unit excellence of
ERSI AN CARPETS AT colonrnm and workmanship can l»e uuanintccd. In this
'Tv7;:r^' u "7 "' rkc>
&*» ,v ™“ M APLE andco .—parqueterie
TO BUYERS of ORIENTAL J^AFLE and CO.—PARQUETERIE
THE SEVILLE SUITE IN SADDLEBAGS AND VELVET.
THE SEVILLE LADY’S EASY CHAIR,
In S;ul«ilqbtigB of rich Persian design and colourings, mounted
* on velvet, £3 15 b.
DINING-ROOM FURNITURE.
MAPLE and CO. devote special attention
to the production of high-class DINING-ROOM
FURNITURE that will afford |>crinnuont satisfaction in
wear. The numerous recommendations with which Messrs.
Maple and Co. have been favoured by cu-tomers who have
used the furniture for years is a pleasing testimony to tho
excellence of the articles.
MAPLE and CO.-DINING-ROOM
SI ITK.S.—The LICHFIELD SUITE. In solid oak.
walnut, or mahogany, consisting of six small and two elbow
chairs In leather, dining tabic with patent screw, also Early
Kmrllsh sideboard with plate glass back; and fitted with J
collaret, 16 guineas. ;
MAPLE and CO.-DINING-ROOM
SITTKS.—The STAFFORD 8LTTE, comprising six
small chairs, two e.wv chairs In leather, telescope dining
table, sideboard with pinto glass hark and cellaret, and dinner
waggon. In light or dnrk oak, walnut or ash ; very substantial
in character ; 23 guineas.
TTURNITURE FOR EXPORTATION.
| * THE SEVILLE SETTEE, Persian Design and Coverings, monnted on velvet, £7 10s.
Y 1 nmiKD 3 MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by TTUNDREDS of THOUSANDS of
B8TABLI8HMBNT In tbe world. Hundreds of Thousand* ~ *1-™' .a n.- r «h,* ** poi-nik- w.nn ii i conn*
of 1'onndB' worth of Furniture, Bedstead*. Carpet*, Curtain*. KelHl ujlin flKurea’for net* *ficm M oau"fiiho»l £>
4c.. all ready for immediate shipment. Having large *pace, all. reel, iHl,nVto^- plain figure for net own a establish*! -o
goo Is arc packed OB the premises by exjierienred packers—-
onlil'a «a\arVr J “ “ MAPLE & C0. s London, Paris, Smyrna, & 134, Calle Florida, Buenos Ayres.
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
A PI joint men t to her Majesty the Queen. The system
of business I* as established fifty years agi>— namely, smnll
profits on large returns for net cash. Acres of show-rooms
for the display of first-class manufactured furniture.
MAPLE’S FURNISHING STORES are
the largest in the world, and one of the sights of
London. Acres of show-rooms. Tho highest class of furni¬
ture, car]>et*, ami curtain materials. Novelties every day
from all part* of the globe. Half a century’s reputation.
MAPLE and GO., Timber Merchants and
direct importer* of the finest Woods, Manufacturers
of Dining-Room and other Furniture by steam power and
improved machinery. Tottenham- court -road. Factories:
Beaumont - place, Eitston-rond ; Southampton - buildingB ;
Liverpool-read ; Park-street, Islington; <fcc.
THE SEVILLE CENT.’S EASY CHAIR,
lu Suilillokagt of rich Pirslnn ilcrign aiul colourings, mouuUHl
on rctvec, 115 Kb.
BED-ROOM SUITES.
500 IN STOCK.
MAPLE and CO -BED-ROOM SUITES.
The WHITBY SUITE, in solid ash or walnut*
consisting of wardrobe with plate-glass door, toilet table
with glass affixed, wasbstnnd with marble top nnd tile back,
pedestal cupboard, and three chairs, £10 15s. Illustration
MAPLE and CO.-BED-ROOM SUITES.
The SCARBOROUGH SUITE, fn solid ash or walnut,
including wardrobe with plate-glass doors, and new-shaped
withstand, £12 15s.; or. with bedstead and spring bedding,
£17 10*. Designs and full particulars free.
JflAPLE and CO—BEDSTEADS.
MAPLE and CO. have seldom less than
■ LTA Ten Thousand BEDSTEADS in stock, comprising
some 600 various patterns, in sizes from 2 ft. 6 in. to 6 rt. 6 In.
wide, ready for immediate delivery-on the day of purchase,
if desired. The disappointment and delay incident to choosing
from designs only, where but a limited stock Is kept, i* thus
TPOSTAL ORDER DEPARTMENT.
± Messrs. MAPLE and CO. beg respectfully to state that
this department Is now so organised that they arc full' pre¬
pared to execute and supply any article that can iKwsib .v be
SEPT. 1, 1888
NEW MUSIC.
(JHAPPELL and CO/S POPULAR MUSIC.
JJEPITA LANCERS***'
pEPITA WALTZ. UC *
pIIAPPELL and CO/S PIANOFORTES
C H mZ E c“„tl £ 2 £. ,, 0 S T^DEN T S'
qlasgow
THE ILL USTRATED LONDON NEWS
: T von t J 0 0 t ^_CREST and WHAT
269
jrish exhibition;
()LYMPIA, KENSINGTON
ouinea box of
r»[™™OV^ ARTICLES with
"F°?„,A f, 0CKET VOLUME," aavs the
^itu-r l i'5sf.'^jsi!a“si»»u i“ ciwk.
(USSELLS MINIATURE CYCLOPAEDIA.
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(JOCKLES
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(JOCKLES ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
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CLOSB OP THE III li l Nn sku.ix -
5'K) SECOND-HAND PIANOS f„ r SALE.
(J1IOCULAT MBIKK ,,, 5 lb. and * lb.
— L, x «i:^. r e K „
(JHOCOLAT MENIEB. A«,u,|,,i t«,,.,7-
ntixK mkii.w.s.
__ P x ppw|i’Vcy»«l.!»i! o!. ,y
(JHOCOLAT MENIER.
__ Bold R rcrnvli.ro.
B K0 "- V & pOLSOXS ( MIIt\ j/I.llUK
JJROWN A pOLSON S (lORN pLOUR
- _ ROB T HE MHWEItV,
JJROWN A pOLSON S QORN pLOUR
__ POD T HE FAMILY TAIILE.
JJROUX A pOLSoN'S piiRN j/Luri;
JJROWN a pOLSON'8 pOUN I’LOU It
,,A8 A_W«min.wiDE HEDPTAWIW.
gHIRTS.-FORDS EUREKA
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QUIRTS. LORD'S EUREKA SHIRTS.
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:70
SEPT. 1, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OBITUARY.
LORD ALFRED PAGET.
General Lord Alfred Henry Paget, Equerry and Clerk-Marshal
of the Royal Household, whose death is jnsb annonnced, was
born June 21, 1816, the second son of Field-Marshal Henry
William, Marquis of Anglesey,"K.G., by Charlotte, his second
wife, daughter of Charles, first Earl Cadogan. He was
educated at Westminster, and entered the Royal Horse Guards
in 183*2. In 1831 he attained the rank of General. In 1840 he
was appointed Chief Equerry and Clerk-Marshal: and from 1837
to 186.') sat in Parliament for Lichfield. He married, in 1847,
Cecilia, daughter of Mr. George Thomas Wyndham, of Cromer
Hall, Norfolk, and leaves issue.
LORD CONYERS.
The Right Hon. Sackville George Lane Fox. Baron Conyers of
Con 3 *ers in the Peerage of England, died at St. Clare, Walmer,
on Aug. 24. He was born Sept. 14, 1827, the eldest son of
Mr. Sackville Walter Lane Fox. M.P., by Lady Charlotte Mary
Anne. Georgiana Osborne, his wife, daughter of George William
Frederick, sixth Duke of Leeds and Baron Conyers; and he
succeeded his maternal uncle, the seventh Duke of Leeds, as
twelfth Lord Conyers, May 4. 1859. He entered the Army in
1854, and served at the siege of Sebastopol (medal and clasp).
He married, Aug. 14. 1860, Mary, eldest daughter of Mr.
Reginald Curteis, of Windmill-hill, Sussex, and had one son,
who died at the age of eighteen, and two daughters, Marcia
Amelia Mary, Countess of Yarborough, and Violet Ada
Evelyne, between whom the barony of Conyers now falls into
abeyance. It is one of the old baronies by writ, heritable by
heirs male or female.
SIR JOHN ROSE, BART. '
ti s^
The Right Hon. Sir John Rose, Bart., of Montreal, G.C.M.G.,
Receiver-General of the Duchy of Cornwall,
died suddenly, deer-stalking, at Langwell, in
Caithness-shire. He was one of the most dis¬
tinguished men who won their way in the
Colonies. He was born Aug. 2, 1820 ; called to
m the Bar, in Canada, in 1842 ; became Q.C. in
; Solicitor-General in 1859; Minister of
Public Works in 1860; and Minister of Finance
i 1867. In acknowledgment of his pnblio
srvices he was created a Baronet Sept. 9,
I 1872, made G.C.M.G. in 1.878, and sworn of the
r Privy Council in 1886. Sir John married, first,
July 3. 1843, Charlotte, daughter of Robert
Emmett Temple, Esq., of Rutland, United
States; and secondly, Jan. 24, 1887, Julia, Marchioness of
Tweeddale. By the former (who died Dec. 3, 1883) he leaves
three sons and two daughters. The eldest son is now Sir
William Rose Rose, second Baronet, of Montreal.
THE HON. JAMES SQUIRE FARNELL.
The Hon. James Squire Farnell, formerly Premier for New
South Wales, whose death is announced from Sydney, was born
in 1827, and educated at his native town, Paramatta. In I860
he sat in Parliament. In 1872 he was appointed Minister of
Landsj which office he held until 1875, and in December, 1877,
became Premier; but resigned the following December in con¬
sequence of the rejection of his Land Bill. At the last election
to the Legislative Assembly of New South Wales he was
returned for St. Leonards.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Captain the Hon. Arthur Manners, 15th Hussars, brother
and heir presumptive to Lord Manners, at his mother's
residence, in Cadogan-square, on Aug. 24, at the age of thirty-
four years.
Captain Thomas C. Pullen, at the age of seventy-three
years. In recognition of his sei vices with the Arctic Expedition
of 1852-3-4 he was specially promoted.
Mr. Philip Henry Gosse, F.R.S.. the distinguished zoologist,
on Aug. 23, at his residence, St. Mary Church, Torquay, aged
seventy-eight.
Lady Henrietta Ogilvy, at Confcrexevillc. on Aug. 20. was
the younger daughter of Thomas William, fourth Earl of
Pomfret, a sister of George William, fifth Earl, on whose death,
in June, 1867, the title became extinct. She married, Aug, 7,
1856, Colonel Thomas Wedderburn Ogilvy, of Ruthven,
Forfarshire.
Anne Pitcairn, Lady Gordon Camming, of Altyre, in the
county of Elgin, on Aug. 19, at Gordonstoun, in her sixty-
eighth year. She was daughter of the late Rev. Augustus
Campbell, Rector of Liverpool; and was married, Nov. 28,
1845. to Sir Alexander Penrose Gordon Cumming, Bart., who
died Sept. 2, 1866. Her Ladyship's eldest son is the present
Sir William Gordon Gordon Cumming, Bart.
The Right! Rev. Samuel Smith Harris, Bishop of Michigan,
at the Langham Hotel, on Aug. 21. aged forty-seven. He had
come to England in connection with the Pan-Anglican Con¬
ference at Lambeth, and was intending to make a tour of
the Holy Land before his return to the United States. He
graduated at the Alabama University at the age of eighteen,
and, after practising for several years at the American Bar.
relinguisned his profession and took Orders. He was chosen
Bishop at Detroit in 1879.
Margaret Anne, Lady Audley, widow of George Edward
Thicknesse Touchet, Baron Audley, of Heleigh Castle, county
Stafford, on Aug. 21, at her residence in Gloucester-square. She
was Lord Audley’s second wife, whom she married in February,
1868, and was widow of Mr. James William Smith. On Lord
Audley’s death, in April, 1872, the ancient barony fell into
abeyance between his two daughters by his first marriage.
The Hon. Jane Elizabeth Thicknesse Touchet. eldest and last-
surviving daughter of George John. Lord Audley, and sister of
the last Lord, died on Aug. 20, aged seventy.
VOLUNTEER ENTRENCHING PRACTICE.
The spade is scarcely less needful than the rifle, as an instru¬
ment for infantry troops in modern warfare. The Volunteer
entrenching camp near Woking, held during a week or two of
August, should be the beginning of similar useful exercises for
all Volunteer rifle corps in Great Britain. Its site was at a
place called “ New Zealand,” two miles from the Woking rail¬
way-station. in the fir-woods towards Byfleet, near the old
Basingstoke Canal. The commandant was Captain Gore
Browne, of the 6ofh Rifles, Adjutant to the Artists’ Corps
(20th Middlesex Battalion of Volunteers), sixty or seventy of
whom came over from Aldershott. Others came from London,
who were equally zealous. Lieutenant Carpenter and
Lieutenant Woollen were in command under him. The object
was instruction in the work of constructing field - works,
shelter-pits and trenches, field-kitchens, and other earthworks
Striking camp and re-pitching it were performed with military
precision ; then they set to work. The rifle-pits were dug
twelve or fifteen paces apart. Each was long enough and
wide enough for a man to lie down in it. The pit is
dug only to a depth of six or eight inches, but the
earth taken out is piled up in front to the height of about
2 ft., with a small embrasure in the centre to fire through.
Such a rifle-pit is made with pickaxe and spade in a few
minutes. They also made permanent rifle-pits, deep enough
for a man to stand upright under cover and with a little seat,
made of earth, for him to rest upon. Shelters for officers’
horses, with cover above 6 ft. high, could be made by three
THE rOLUNTEER ENTRENCHING CAMP AT WOKING : A COMPANY
OF THE ARTISTS’ CORPS THROWING CP A SHELTER-TRENCH.
men in two hours. It is proved that a rifle-bullet, fired at 200
yards’ range, will penetrates newly-made earthwork only to
the depth of twelve inches. For the shelter-trench, a line is
marked out by a long rope, and the men begin digging along it,
throwing up the earth in front; the* trench is dug 18 in. deep,
and the earth forms a rampart 3 ft. or 4 ft. high, which is beaten
with spades to make it firm and give it a regular shape, and
the troops fire over the top of it. The earth is also banked up at
the corners of the trench, to protect the troops from being
enfiladed by an enemy’s flanking fire. All this can be done in
about half an hour. The trench shown in our Artist’s
Sketch is about fifty yards long ; its construction would be
the task of one company, some of the men being employed on
guard while the others worked. In the construction of field-
kitchens, the experience of several members of the corps, who
are architects, seemed to be of service. A field-kitchen is a
sort of covered trench, perhaps a foot wide, serving as a rude
oven, with flues to heat it, in which bread and rations of meat
can be baked. The operation of erecting the shelter-trench,
more especially, was witnessed with great interest by a crowd
of spectators. The troops, having arrived on the ground, were
formed into covering and working parties. The former had to
reply to the fire of the enemy, while the latter grounded their
arms and used their entrenching tools. On the instant after
completing their work, they took up their arms, manned the
trench, and opened fire on the enemy, who was represented by
a small detached party. Successive rushes were made to assault
the earthwork, which was finally captured. The Volunteers in
this camp of instruction also daily practised the duties of
guards and sentries, and all that is expected of soldiers on
active service.
flHATTO and
wA
DUS, PUBLISHERS.
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A Treatment and Cure by Medicines. By J. COMPTON
BURNETT, M.D.
J. Kits and Co., 170, Piccadilly : and m. Threadncedle-strect.
THE HUMAN HAIR : Why it Falls Off
A „r Turns Grey, and the Remedy. By PROFESSOR
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THROAT IRRITATION and COUGH.
A Soreness and dryness, tickling and Irritation, inducing
cough and affecting the voice. For these symptoms use
BPl’S'S GLYCERINE JUJUBES. In cornet witlit1ieglai.de
at the moment they are excited by the net of sucking, the
glycerine tn these agreeable confection# becomes actively
healing. Sold in Boxes, 740.,Tin*. Is. l|d., labelled "Jiuucs
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CONTENTSSymptoms of Dys¬
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Diseases Sympathetic; Notes for
Dyspeptics; Beverages, Air,
and Ventilation ; Particulars ‘of
numerous Dyspeptic Cases. Sent
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Address: Publisher, 46, Holboro
Viaduct, London, E.C.
Van Houten’s
PURE
Soluble
Cocoa
BEST and
GOES FARTHEST.
EASILY DIGESTED. MADE INSTANTLY.
LANCET. - Delicate aroma.”—“ PURE and unmixed.”
BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. — "It is admirable” —
“Flavour is perfect” and "so PURE.”
HEALTH.-' PURITY is beyond question.”
“ONCE USED, ALWAYS USED.”
C. J. VAN HOUTEN & ZOON, WEESP, HOLLAND.
GOLDSMITHS’ ALLIANCE
(LIMITED),
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CHEQUE BAXK(Limited). Established 1873.
Customers not required to ke«*p lialancos.
TAYLOR’S CIMOLITE is the only
thoroughly harmless SKIN POWDER. ^ Dr pared by an
e" i ment^Skni^I)(>ct<irB^^ro,t-fr(B^8eri ^^itr 3fl i,eHnM>taiiip.-
“ O'CONNELL ” MONUMENT WHISKY (IRISH),
“WALLACE” MONUMENT WHISKY (SCOTCH).
THE “ BALLYHOOLEY ” WHISKY (IRISH).
ASTHMA, CHRONIC BRONCHITIS.
BRONCHITIC ASTHMA, HAY FEVER, and INFLUENZA-
Harrison Weir, Esq., writes:—” r not only use ihc Oxone
Palter mvaclf. but I recommend it to all Asthmatics I meet
with as the best remedy for their complaint. .
Dr. Woodward, Worcester, writes -' I have derived morn
permanent benefit from using your Ozone rH|.r-rih:u^i.y t hing
1 have tried, and found the same with regard to my asthmatic
^ta^Sdf’and 4s. 6d. per Box, of all Cherat^ ; or from the
Proprietor for the amount in stamps or P.O.O. to any country
within the Postal Union.
» urnmvK rh.«y. 10ft. Strand. LOMKLY.
SEPT. 1, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
271
STREETER & CO., Goldsmiths,
IMPORTERS OF PRECIOUS STONES, PEARLS, AND GEMS,
18 , NEW BOND-STREET, LONDON, W.
THE ONLY JEWELLERS WHOSE STOCK CONSISTS OF ONE UNIFORM QUALITY OF GOLD -VIZ. 18 -CARAT.
STREETERS’
DIAMOND ORNAMENTS,
From 10 Guineas to 10,000 Guineas,
Cannot be surpassed for elegance of design,
quality of workmanship, and perfect setting.
They are all London made, and the
Brilliants arc white and properly cut.
STREETERS’
RUBIES and SAPPHIRES,
Direct from the Burmah Mines, thus
enabling the Public to buy these Stones
at first hand.
PEARLS
Of the finest quality direct from their own
Pearling Fleet.
ESTABLISHED IIV THE REIGN OF GEORGE XXX.
WORKS BY
Mr. Edwin W. Streeter, f.r.c.s.. m.a.i.
“PRECIOUS STONES AND GEMS.” “GREAT DIAMONDS OF THE WORLD.”
illustrated. 4th Edition. 2nd Edition.
Cloth, las. — Calf, 125s. Cloth, 7s. fid. — Calf, 12s. fid.
PEARLS AND PEARLING LIFE.”
Illustrated. Just Out.
Cloth, 12s. 6d. — Calf, 21s.
Recipe and notes how to harmlessly, effectually, and
rapidly cure Obesity without semi-starvation dietary,
&c, “Sunday Times” sajra: “Mr. Russell's aim is to
eradicate, to cure the disease, and that Ids treatment Is
the true one seems beyond all doubt. The medlcino bo
prescribes doer not lower but builds up and tones the
system." Book. 116 pages (8 stamps).
P. C. BUSSELL, Woburn House,
27. Store-street, Bedford-sqaare, London, W.O.
EL LIMANS UNIVERSAL EMBROCATI ON
IRheumatism^lumbago.
SPRAINS. JL;
PATENT
N.B.- The Ladies* Pattern. No. 120.1, price Is
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Price Is. per Box, or 3s. per Gross.
SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS.
WHOLESALE: H01B0RN VIADUCT, LONDON,
PENS
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE BEAUTY OF THE SKIN
SEPT. I, 1888
ENHANCED BY
POUORE D’AMOUR,
PREPARED BY PICARD PRERES.
MV
Si
Pf>Whpn W !n, * hi * and refreshing TOILET
POWDKR m'-nhw .'rnsan application for the skin, reducing
a too ni.Idj comnlcxion ami heightening a inlliil akin to a
beautiful tint. Its application absorb* all luoistmv ami
induce* that coolness and comfort t.» the skin «, dcsiral.le in
Hi • ball-room, theatre, or in tlic open air. Price I?. per box ;
l?; r I*.'”* 1 *, fr "'" "'••iTvaiion, h, i),iv,. („,is •
Blanche, for lair ,-k.ns; Nntiwllo. for dnrker complex ions
nnu itachel, for use by artillcinl light. Of all Chemists mid
Perfumers.
Depots: R. HO YEN DEN and SONS,
31 and 33, Berncrs-strect. w. ; andw-as, City-road,E.C., London.
UMBRE LLAS,
' SEE THIsTnaMEISUn^
I ^EVERT UMBRELLA FRAME YOU BUY „
[ S.F 0 X&Ic 9 Limitfd 1
ePATENTEES&S0LE MANUFACTURERS OFALLji
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yEHHSJ ff-'
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SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
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SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
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provide exceptional quality at a
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makes.
JKjOZODONT, tho Fragrant Liquid Dentifrice, is n
botniecnl preparation of wondrous efficacy in Preserving
a:i l Beamifyitur t lie Teeth, Rescuing them from Decay,ami
rendering them a< White as Alalrfidcr. it is a Toilrt 1,1mm
of which all should avail tlicm-wh
e-.th I.
rrli, 1ml letirh. Ac..
UBIAN
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J BLACKINCy
I nobruibo, roqulre.l. Annllcd'^M
wll ,h sptmao ntrnrhcl to
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DKURHTFPL TO USE. PREVENTS
DECAY or the TEETH. Purifies
the Breath. I.<nve» tho mouth In a
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6010 MEMLS—Paris, Brussels, London, &c.
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rBOM AIL FXXFIJMXRS OB CHEMISTS.
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f " It/tNIfiHTcfTHEORDERoFLEOPOlDoFBELGIUMV^^ *
» T \ KHIOUT Of THE LEBIQU or HO'ICUB f f *'
Licht-Brown CodLiverOil
IN CONSUMPTION, THROAT AFFECTIONS, AND DEBILITY OF ADULTS ANO CHILDREN.
SELECT MEDICAL OPINIONS.
Dr. PROSSER JAMES,
torturer on Materia Me,lira, Loudon Hospital.
‘ r>R - f ,K Josmr's Oil contains the whole of the active
igre Bents ol the remedy, ami Is ctwllv digested. Hence
only In DiKonsw of the Throat and Lungs,
which tho Profession Is
“The n
but In a great number of
extending its use.”
JOSEPH J. POPE, Esq.,
_ iMte Staff-Surgeon, A rmy. India.
‘ Tho value of * hydro-carbons ’ in all debilitated states
or the system Is now becoming thoroughly recognmod.
IAR. jab Jo noH s Oil places In everyone’s reach a reliable
and valuable remedy.” __dependent on Bronchial or Laryngeal Irritation.'
Sold ONLY in Capsuled Imperial Half-Pints, 2s. 6d.; Pints, 4s. 9d. ; Quarts, 9«.; by aU Chemists and Druggists.
Sole Consignees—A2VS.A.R, HARFORD, & CO., 210, High Holborn, London, W.C.
CA t’ TJON.—Resist mercenary attempts to recoin mend or substitute inferior kinds.
Hr. THOMAS NEDLST,
Physician to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
•vw. —uniformly pure, the most palatable, and
U..LT muaii xswlly retained by the stomach, la I)u. DB
Joncih’s Light-Brown Oil. I have habitually prescribed
It In cases of Pulmonary Consumption, with very benefleial
results." _
LENNOX BROWNE, E.q., T.R.C.S.S.,
Senior Surycon, Central London Throat l/ospt/al.
“ The action of Dk. I»k Jonoh's Oil ha? proved, in
my own cxjierlcnco, particularly valtmbie in manv roses
If Weakness jif tho Slnylufr and Speaking Voice,
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Orders arc Carriage Paid ; and any length is ait.
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or cssc-s. r.-ttferns free.
(H'R SPECIAL “ Good-Wearing ” J1AKES of
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PETER ROBINSON
i MOURNING WAREHOUSE,
( REGENT-STREET, LONDON.
THE
((
LOUIS”
VELVETEEN.
Every yard bears the name “LOUIS,” and
the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
quality to tho best, is guaranteed. Ladies
should write for Samples of the New Shades
to TIIOS. WALLIS and CO., Holborn-circus,
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7 D flritfS'iiiSSaiawJl u\ T"? n ; u.t.-Pot!fTED Prvs never scratch nor
r PHIS Gun, wherever uhown, has always
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vulvar*, from a*. M. to 1009. Send six s(nmi« for New Ulus-
lrated l ainlogiic fur season law, now ready, embraemir everv
l.un, Rifle, and Revolver up to date; also Air-Cnuc. and
lntplement Sheet*. For romerslou*, new l«n - cls. P.-P. to
t'.-K., M.-L, to U.-L., re-stocking, &c„ we have a staff uf men
HPEUIAL.-We st
manufacture ; T
i ciuml Fires, ti
profit on first-cost of
Pin Fires altered to
to £10■, M.-L.
'<n ; and from
id making up
C.-F. B.-L., fi
> liar Locks, including new lu.miner
Altering Locks to RclM.uml. 15*.
G. E. LEWIS.
88 & 88, Lower Loredsy-street, BIli.Xl.MillAJI.
The BEST REMEDY for INDIGESTION.
CAMOMILE PILLS
Are confidently recommended as a simple but certain
remedy for
INDIGESTION.
See Testimonial, selected from handrails
“ Croydon , 1885.
“Haring been a sufferer from Indigestion
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hare at last not only been relieved but
perfectly cured by using Norton s Pills ,
and confidently recommend them to all
suffering from the same.
“ J. WllKISSOH.”
For other Testimonials, see Monthly Magazines.
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HALL-MARKBDSILpR
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A. W. ABRAHAMS, 29
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JENNER & KNEWSTUB, LIMITED,
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An inflection of this extremely cheap tv... ...^
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JENFER & K 1TE W ST XJ B
to llcr Majesty tlic Queen and T.R.II. t
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i of V)
33, ST. JAMES’S-STREET, and 66, JERMYN-STREET, S.W.
Certain I HARNESS’ I Cure.
ELECTROPATHIG BELT
Rheumatism.
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52, OXFORD ST..
rxfmed and MUM a, th, Offlco, 1,8. Strand, in the Parbh of St. C^Dh^ In the County of Middled, by Dforlm Brotulhs, U8, Strand, afonmtld.-SATVRnAr, Septemher 1, 1888,
No. 2577.—vox., xciii.
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1888.
with > SIXPENCE.
EXTRA SUPPLEMENT > Bv Post, tlju.
WATKR-LIUBS—DRAWN BY DAVIDSON KNOWLES.
274
SEPT. 8, 188,8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
For finding out the truth of matters by “ frying ” or “ boiling
down," the Americans, notwithstanding their passion for
“ gas," are generally to be depended upon. The question of
whether young gentlemen who distinguish themselves in
athletics make good scholars or otherwise has long been
a debated one. In England it is the fasl i m to associate
intelligence with muscle, though a few people are violent
partisans of the contrary theory. From the calculations
recently made from the educational and sporting data at
Cornell Cniversity, it would-seem that the athletes have
their fair share of honours, considering that they do not
devote so much of their time to study aB the others, but very
rarely distinguish themselves. This is pretty much what
common-sense would have expected. If the inquiry, however,
had gone beyond mere scholarship, and concerned itself with
other intellectual powers than that of acquisition. I cannot
think that the disciples of baseball and ‘'the track" would
have made so respectable a record. I would back, for keen¬
ness, the professors of what Mr. Caudle called “ the manly and
athletic game of cribbage " against those who indulge in the
more “ violent delights ” of football: outdoor games, too, are
sometimes a sonree of weakness, which cannot be said (except
in a moral sense) of billiards and cockymaroo. Lawn-tennis
produces the “ tennis arm " ; while whist (with the rare ex¬
ception of the whist “ leg ") has nothing deleterious of that
kind ; the “ game hand" which you occasionally get at it
docs yon, on the contrary, a great deal of good.
The poet who tells us that “the daw is not reckoned a
religious bird because he keeps ‘ caw-cawing' from the steeple,”
would have altered his opinion had he been at Monkton Church
the other Sunday. The clergyman appears to have been
“ assisted " (as it is called in the marriage advertisements)
throughout the service by a jackdaw, though, of course, he
wore no surplice. If the bird had confined itself to this, and
to “taking a lively part in the responses," it would have
earned nothing but commendation : but, like a certain Royal
Duke of the last generation, who used to answer “By all
means ” when the minister said “ Let us pray,” it was a little
too loquacious, and even upon matters outside the rubric. The
whole congregation were inwardly convulsed, and would have
perished, martyrs to apoplexy and their sense of propriety,
but for the breaking out of the children, which relieved
them. Then the juveniles were sent away, and the clergyman
proceeded with an audience of adults only. The jackdaw,
however, excited by its triumph, “ perched upon the reading-
desk,” and made itsown commentary upon thediscourse delivered
from the pulpit; and when dislodged by the churchwardens
and other officials flew up to the rafters, from which com¬
manding elevation his eloquence finally silenced that of his
theological rival. I should like to have been present, to have
set a good example of silence and solemnity; but to persons
given to mirth, the circumstance must have been certainly
rather trying. A hundred years ago that delightful bird would
have been taken for the foul fiend in feathers.
Why is it, I wonder, that there is always a temptation to
laugh at any incident with the least humour in it on the most
solemn occasions? Why do jokes, which in print read rather
feeble, when uttered in the House of Commons move that
august assembly to “ roars of laughter ” ? Why are the law
courts “convulsed" by very small witticisms, even though
they do not proceed from the Judge? I should be sorry to
think so ill of human nature as to believe it arises from mere
“ cussedness.” Perhaps it is that the sense of humour, too long
repressed by pretentious surroundings and an atmosphere of
twaddle or tedium, unconsciously swells and swells within us,
and at the least opportunity explodes in what seems uncalled-
for mirth. The greatest man I ever knew, and one of the
most tender-hearted, once confessed to me that his well-known
disinclination to attend funerals arose chiefly from the dif¬
ficulty he experienced in keeping his countenance.
Of all nations we English are held (by other nations) to
be the most “ eccentric,” and especially for the way in which
we leave our money : when wo have no money (a Frenchman
tells us) we often leave ourselves “ for the benefit of science,”
as a piece de remittance for the dissecting table, or even “ to
enrich the land by top dressing.” It seems, however, that even
a Frenchman may be now and then a little unconventional in
his way of disposing of himself. A Parisian cabman com¬
mitted suicide the other day, leaving his body to benefit not
his paternal acres, but the Jardin des Plantes. “ I desire,"
said the testator, “ to be cut into slices, to regale the lions,
tigers, and bears.” Why he should have confined his generosity
to those three classes of animal? is not apparent. In the
records of our Doctor's Commons there is certainly nothing to
be found more “ eccentric " than this : nor has any one ever
earned a free admission for his family to the Zoological
Society's Gardens by providing for its tenants in a like
manner. Englishmen are very apt to “ go to the dogs" ; but
it only happens during their lifetime.
I have read a good many strange wills made by my country¬
men, and almost all of them are mixtures (in the proportion
of about ninety-nine to one) of egotism and benevolence. One
of the most curious is that of Mr. Take, of Watb, near Rother¬
ham (a place of whose existence an English Judge the other
day professed himself ignorant, but which it seems was pretty
well known in 1810 ; perhaps it has been since encroached upon
and obliterated by the sea). Mr. Tuke bequeathed one penny
to every child (there were 700 of them) who should como to
his funeral ; a guinea to seven navigators for “ puddling him
up in his grave and the same sum to an old lady who for
eleven years had “ tucked him up in his bed "; to bis natural
daughter four guineas a year ; and forty dozen penny loaves
to be “ thrown from the church leads at twelve o’clock on
Christmas day for ever.” I don’t know whether this last
“ piovision " is still carried out; but, if so, it must cause con¬
siderable (and prolonged) alarm to the passing stranger.
The demise of M. Mollard, " Introducer of Ambassadors,"
is announced from Paris. It seems at first sight rather an
exceptional occupation, like that of the young gentleman who
" blacked glasses for eclipses," and not likely to take up much
of one's time; but the French aro always having new
Governments to which new Ambassadors are accredited. More¬
over, when not taking Plenipotentiaries by the hand,
M. Mollard “ taught Court etiquette,” and numbered among
his pupils no less than 12.70 Ministers of State. It seems no
wonder—since the more frequent were the changes the better
were -his fees—that this head of the Turvcydrop family
“ often alluded smilingly to the instability of French affairs."
A New York paper announces the discovery of a new wonder
in the memory “ department "■—a lady who attends chapel, and,
without taking a single note, goes home and writes down every
word of her minister's discourse without omitting a “ the"
or an “ and.” This seems to me to be a little rough
upon her minister, especially if he is an extempore divine;
but she does not mean it roughly. She has been at it for five-
and-twenty years, and written out two thousand of his
sermons. Now and then she binds them, and has presented
him altogether with forty volumes. When he “drops into”
Greek, Latin, and Hebrew, she even follows him, having
studied those languages, no doubt, for that especial purpose.
The alligator (I think) is said to be accompanied by a little
bird who devotes itself to him, in a somewhat similar fashion ;
hut, with that exception, it is only popular preachers who are
favoured with snoh faithful and constant admirers. The poor
layman may “ lecture” for a week, and even his own children
(to judge by their conduct) don't remember a word he says.
The pitcher that goes often to the well gets broken at last,
and the professional aeronaut, no matter how many or
successful be his ascents, generally meets the fate which has
been always prophesied for him. Thus it has happened to
that “ popular favourite," Mr. Simmons; but to such a veteran,
it is probable that, of late years at all events, the apprehen¬
sion of such a catastrophe never entered his mind. After
hundreds of expeditions into “ the viewless fields of air ” they
must be as familiar as any other fields, and less dangerous,
because there are no bulls in them ; and no doubt to some
people this mode of travel has an immense attraction. The
motion is delightful, and the passage through the “lucent
hyaline " intensely exhilarating. I once knew a man, rather
“ of the earth, earthy ” as to his character in other respects, who
never omitted an opportunity of tasting this ethereal pleasure.
As a boy, he saved his pocket-money for months till he had
scraped five pounds together to go up with Mr. Green, by night,
from Cremorne Gardens. He had persuaded two other friends—
Jones and Brown—older than himself, to accompany him, of
whom he used to tell the following story. Though Jones had
screwed up his courage to the stieking-place so far as to get
into the car, the sight of the huge balloon swinging and
billowing above him, and the thought that “it might knock
against the moon or something" (as my friend contemptuously
expressed it), were too much for him, and just at the last
moment he slipped down one of the retaining cords, and
rushed into the refreshment-room with “ For Heaven's sake, a
glass of brandy I' 1 "You shall have it directly, Sir,” said tho
young lady at the bar ; but here is another young gentleman
who wants one quite as much as you do." This was Brown, on
whom the same apprehensions had been operating, and who
had made his escape in precisely the same manner.
When I read amusing letters in print, I have always
some doubt of their authenticity, amusing letters in
manuscript being so very rare ; and this gives me some
suspicion of the correspondence Mr. Baldwin (the parachuter)
has given to the world, through the Pall Mall Gazette,
from the young people who have expressed their willing¬
ness to go up with him, and (especially) to come down
with him, to share his feat and to sit on his shoulders. Can
there really be so many young people, as he describes, willing
thus to risk their necks, even for a consideration ? To do them
justice, they are all practical enough, and some of them a
little grasping. “ I will do the seme as you do,” writes one,
“for your £200.” The pleasure of taking this enterprising
youth upon his back, as the eagle accommodated Ganymede,
being, he thinks, one that will recoup the Professor for doing
his own work for nothing. Another writes, “ If you are not
suited with a boy, I should like to drop with you for a £1000.
Please send money for fare to Palace." Whatever may be his
shortcomings as an acrobat, no one can excuse that youth of
not opening his mouth wide enough. It must be confessed
that there is something that smacks of true boy nature
in both these epistles. But almost all the rest, except those
from the fair sex (“ I should think it a great honour to
be allowed the pleasure of appearing with you. I am a young
lady ; my weight is 7 st. 5 lb., which is not much,” &c.),
suggest dictation. “ If I fall, will you let my mother have the
money ? ” would be a beautiful filial touch, if it were genuine ;
but it seems to me to bear the impress of the maternal mind.
Again, “ The sum offered would clear my father of several
debts, and start us again,” is scarcely a juvenile piece of com¬
position ; it was probably written “ under pressure," to the
accompaniment of the whistle of a horse-whip. One gentle¬
man, indeed, makes no pretence of his son's offer being a
voluntary one. “ It having come to my knowledge that you
would like a little boy to ascend with you into the air, and
having every confidence in you, I would trust my son with
you ; his age is nine, and his courage good." That sounds
perfectly genuine ; and, indeed, since nothing is more common
than “ dropping children ” merely to get rid of them, there is
nothing surprising in offers to “drop" them for £200, or
even less.
There is much discussion just now as to whether various
eminent persons speak or do net speak provincially; even
when they do, it seems to me to matter little, though un¬
happily, thanks to a growing deafness and the absence of the
bump of “language,” I find a greater difficulty in under¬
standing them than most people. But why should authors
who are acquainted with ordinary English persist in writing
in a provincial dialect? It is not helped out, like speech, with
gesture and expression, and, therefore, puzzles one far more;
and though, no doubt, it gives a local colouring to a story, its
readers, unless they are a local public, arc more or less colour¬
blind. If novelists must do this, let them put their
dialect in the notes, ns translations from the dead languages
used to be put, “ for the convenience of country gentlemen
and others.” What would be said of an author born within
the sound of Bow Bells who, because he was writing of
Londoners, should put v's for w's, and leave out his h’s ? I
have also noticed this peculiarity in dialect stories ; that all the
people who come from the place the author would describe by
this means protest that he knows nothing about the tongne
in question. As it doesn't please them, and certainly fails in
pleasing anybody else, why on earth does he do it? It is
carious, by-the-by, that the phrase, “ talking through the
nose ”—a habit attributed by an American humourist to the
English—should be applied to a nasal pronunciation ; this is
so far from being the case that the sound, or an admirable
imitation of it, is caused by closing the nose.
THE PLAYHOUSES.
“Advance, Australia 1 ” Mr. C. Haddon Chambers, the extremely
young-looking dramatist from Sydney, New South Wales, has,
almost at a bound, firmly placed his feet considerably
higher up the ladder of fame than the first rung. For the
immediate success of his new and effective four-act play of
“ Captain Swift,” Mr. Chambers is undeniably much indebted
to Mr. H. Beerbohm Tree, who cast the drama very strongly
at the trial matinee in June, and reassumed the title-role when
the piece served for the opening of the regular autumn season
of the Haymarket on Saturday evening, the First of September.
The triumph of “ Captain Swift" (somewhat pruned and
altered by the author) was never once in doubt on tbenight of
the revival. Mr. Henry Irving and Miss Marion Terry, Mr.
John Hare, and Mr. Fernandez were among the most interested
membersof the audience. Adequate rehearsal had madeMr. Tree's
company perfect in their parts. The result was a performance
of exemplary force and smoothness. Romantic as the extra¬
ordinary story was, the naturalness of the acting gave prob¬
ability to the plot. It may be remembered that the cleanly-
cut central character is that of Mr. Wilding, a young and
handsome adventurer, who, as Captain Swift, had been the
terror of Queensland, but who is, nevertheless, discovered in
the first act quite at his ease, and addressing with the com¬
posure of one to the manner born a group of ladies and gentle¬
men in a London drawing-room. Wilding has made the
acquaintance of venerable Mr. Seabrook by fearlessly stopping
his runaway cab-horse; and through this chance rescue is
introduced by the old gentleman to his home circle. '1 he cool,
collected, and polished bushranger becomes strengthened in
his desire to bury his nefarious past, and to lead an honest
life by the love that springs up in his breast for Stella
Darbisher, Mr. Seabrook's niece and ward, whose heart is
speedily won by Wilding. But there are grave obstacles to their
marriage. In the first place, Mrs. Seabrook recognises Wilding
as her son by her first love, and beseeches him not to destroy
the happiness of doting Mr. Seabrook by revealing the sad
secret of her life. In the next place, Mr. Gardiner, a good-
natured colonial visitor to Mr. Seabrook's country seat, lets
Wilding plainly know that he is aware he is no other
than the noted bushranger, with whom he had had a
hostile encounter, but did not regard with utter aversion
because Captain Swift had spared his life. As Mr. Gardiner
happens to be a suitor for the hand of Mr. Seabrook's
daughter Mabel, the odds are, obviously, that in real life
he would have felt it his duty to expose the character
of Wilding to his host. But what would then become of the
drama? Without specifying the anomalies that remain in
“ Captain Swift,” one finds it pleasant to dwell upon
the good points. Mr. Tree, if a shade too calm for an outlaw
who has “roughed it” in the bush, puts much life and
character into his remarkably skilful impersonation of
Wilding. Infinitely moving is the situation in which he
learns from his mother’s lips the secret of his birth, and
consents to abandon his love, and to quit the house in which
he bad for the first time in his life caught a glimpse of home
rest and comfort and happiness. Lady Monckton is supremely
artistic also in this trying and pathetic scene, which wins for
the crushed outcast the sympathies of all. Wilding is stunned
by the blow. It is as one in a dream he seeks shelter in Mr.
Gardiner's rooms in London—only to shoot himself, to save his
mother's secret from being divulged. Captain Swift is un¬
doubtedly one of Mr. Tree’s finest creations. It is well matched
by Lady Monckton's Mrs. Seabrook, and by Mr. Macklin's manly
and unexaggerated embodiment of Mr. Gardiner. Another
strong bit of character is the revengeful Marshall of Mr.
Brookfield. Excellent also in their way are Miss Rose
Lecleroq as the hard-hearted sister of Mrs. Seabrook, Lady
Staunton ; Mrs. Tree as charmingly sweet Stella; Mr. Kemble
as Mr. Seabrook; Miss Angela Cudmore as Mabel; Mr. Fuller
Mellish as Harry Seabrook, Wilding's rival and half-brother;
and Mr. Charles'Allan as the Queensland detective. The town
and country scenes painted by Mr. Walter Johnstone are of
the elaborate nature to which the enterprise of modern
management has accustomed ns. Perhaps the greatest
surprise of all was when a beardless and slender young man,
apparently little more than a youth, but really about thirty,
bowed his acknowledgements before the curtnin in response
to the deservedly cordial calls of “ Author! author ! ”
M. Lecocq’s comic opera of “Pepita” (to call it by the
name of Mr. Mostyn Tedde's English version) is neither
musically nor dramatically to be compared with the same com¬
poser’s famous - Fille de Madame Angot.” But the audience
that filled Toole's Theatre on the Thirtieth of August evidently
found pleasure in the tuneful numbers of “ Pepita, and
diversion in the light story of the sprightly Princess Inez of
the Canary Isles, who through the clever scheming of her
friend Pepita gains the throne. Gifted with a mellow
voice and prepossessing appearance, Miss Wadman was
the life and soul of the opera as Pepita. Mis9 Kate Cutler as
Inez was similarly attractive. Their boorish husbands found
capable representatives in Mr. H. Lingard and Mr. L. Kelleber.
The most comical feature of all was the duet “ My excellent
friend, Bombardos," by Mr. Frank Seymour and Mr. Vt•
Marnock. But it was Miss Wadman who carried off the
chief honours. The favourable reception of “ Pepita ’ was
cheerily acknowledged by Mr. Auguste Van Biene.
SEPT. 8. 1888
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
my little dutch tour.
WEEK or two ago, in company with a
cheery friend, I made a hurried progress
through the less known cities of
Holland, leaving out the more familiar
Amsterdam and Rotterdam ; and
now, at the risk of crying out in the
! wilderness, would heartily recommend
1 .this most piquant country to the
m Mate tourist in search of a new sen¬
sation. The great vessels of the Dutch
company which ply between Queenborough
and Flushing are as large and comfortable
as the Holyhead boats, have the electric
light, are fast-steaming, well-found, and,
above all. steady. Aboard one of these—the
Prince Henry—we reached Flushing on a
bright, sultry morning; a quaint, bright,
and even gay little port, with fortifications,
jj k quays, Noah’s-ark trees, and jangling caril-
Jrf / < Ions, and all the Dutch apparatus complete,
■* * ** producing much the effect of Boulogne on
the genuine Briton who has never before
L* ssen France. Unluckily the vessels do not
approach the town, but arrive at a brand-
new port of their own a mile off; but it is
well worth staying an hour or so to see
Flushing.
A few miles further on. we came to a rather
slumbering old town—Middelburgh—all red and white houses
and rubicund tiles. From the centre rises a couple of those signi¬
ficant spires, bulbous and elegant, which betoken in Flemish
countries the townhall and church, whence sounds the usual
melodious jangle, faint and silvery—wheezy efforts at a tune.
Wandering up the bright street we emerge on the spacious Place,
to be astounded by the Townhall, famous all the world over : ail
elegant and surprising work, richly decorated, and delight¬
fully irregular, with its one elaborate gable or wing, high
roof, and rows of statues in their niches. A few years ago
the old town had its bastions and gates, through which you
clattered, over the drawbridge ; but these are levelled, aud the
space they cambered is laid out in charming gardens and
parklets, across which the fine air from the low-lying fields
and plains is wafted. Here we meet the regular Boors of the
pictures, with the brimless hats, and of rather piratical aspect,
their collars secured with wrought gold clasps, while the
flowing laced caps of the women are resplendent with golden
shells. But the whole seems perfectly dead—dead as any door¬
nail, and the grass grows in the streets.
An hour or so brought us to Breda, a place known to few
except perhaps by Corporal Trimjp military recollections. There
is quite a scenic air about this antique town ; the Cathedral
has an elegant openwork tower, light and airy, and built,
like so many in this country, of a white* brick. All
these Flemish towers seem to he the expression of the
lo.vn itself. It is unfortunate that there should exist a
perfect mania for destroying the old gateways, always pic¬
turesque. and here none are left. Like their Flemish
neighbours, the Dutch have taken heartily to the tramway,
which adds a decidedly picturesqnc element. The smallest,
meanest town is thus equipped ; a light car drawn by a com¬
fortable, well-looking, well-fattened white horse, ambles lazily
through the narrowest and most tortuous streets : while a
hoarsely clanging sort of bell is ceaselessly rung by the driver
as he goes.
Further on we were set down at Bois-le-Duc—or “ Bosch,”
ns it is familiarly called by the natives—a sleepy, but opulent.
p[nee ; spacious, too. with abundant canals, and a perfect air
con tinted old fashion. Here is a large, spreading market¬
place, delightfully irregular in shape, large enough for a regi¬
ment to manamvre in, with blocks of houses intruding at
corners, and an entire perfect chrysolite of a cathedral,
cxpiisifce in its originality and lace-work details. It is almost
newiluermg in its profus? buttresses, low cloisters, and other
mu tilings incrusted on to it. But it seems to be all crumbling
away—pinnacles and arches and balustrades ha # ve disappeared
nere and there : but restoration on a vast and thorough scale is
'eing carried out, and in judicious fashion. Within, it is a
miracle of lightness and elegance ; the lofty lantern, with its
rt i unsurpassed. And sveh an organ !—a per-
. ba,|, Lng. rising in storeys and clusters of pipes, like the
™ u , H0,,,c vas t antique Spanish argosv, and filling
roof W h , en * nave, almost from floor to
- P Li , G , ' ras . °nce a magnificent Renaissance screen
wh-J, aC *u a,l< * coloared marbles, with statues and arches,
wnicn tbe restorers cleared away and sold, and which the
can 8c<i ,low in South Kensington Museum. Here. too.
in Jwi • oomrasfc, is the Stadhuis, an unpretending building
con,n„,” 0 ' e , ClMslca ! S l wni9h taste ■ a reminder of the old
' ,1 „" and occupation to be found in many of the old towns,
nir of hanghtv stile" 01 ,nllarraomoU8 ' “dding richness and an
N1rn!> U ,l, ^ioxchu of the day was the old town of
ri .fi° r ,* / , ? w . e » en - Here the country grows hilly, and
the (i'llI, oiH°' Ul( e ^' a Dutchman frankly confessed it was
much r P? rtlan of their country, and was, therefore,
•owns a S “ re •' one °f the most original and rnetiro
is somethin 7 llc '' 00,11,1 de8ire - At every corner there
antinne S or P i 1 ua ’ ,t : aad with all this thoroughly
motion* her cm an air° f modern prosperity, bustle and
and of delivh'^^n 8 ^ 1 lace ev ery house is quaint and queer,
of delightfully straggling shape. There is a really
exquisite Stadhuis of red briek, newly restored, with its double
flight of steps to a gallery of entrance on the lofty first storey.
The windows down to the ground are fenced with formidable
<7rf7/ri,aSpanish addition, and found occasionally in other towns.
Close by is the old woigh-house, piquant and picturesque, in
Holland these weigh-houses have a characterof their own. Over¬
hanging the Place is the huge and ponderous, but elegant,
belfry of the cathedral, to reach whose ‘ close” we pass
through an antique double-arched mansion, old as the fifteenth
century. Here is a strange, forlorn inclosure, surrounded by
some marvellous buildings. One of these, called the “ Latin
School,” is quite extraordinary for its delicate brickwork, its
row of niches for statues, many of which are gone or mouldered
away. The whole is in a sad state of squalor and dilapidation.
The tower is one of those amazing mountains of solid brick
which overpower the spectator, and eecm to be the effort of
Nature rather than of man. To anyone seeking a fillip for his
jaded or torpid faculties. I would say, “Go to Niraeguen or
Nymwegen ; ” in fact, as I once heard an Irish friend put it, “ I
heartily give my Vet to for Xywegen ! ”
Arnheim, the next halting-place, is better known to the
traveller, and is a flourishing place enough, where our Dutch¬
men love to spend their rilhgiatnra. But there is little for
the lover of antiquity.
Next came Utrecht, a place fairly well known, but hardly
appreciated as it deserves. What a bright Dutch gaiety and
spaciousness it has 1 Gay streets and abundance of gay canals,
with alleys of fine old trees, huge barges, and the rest. The
belfry is itself worth a long journey to see : a vast, over¬
powering structure, solid and square, pierced by au enor¬
mous arch which forms a sort of entry to the town, while at
the top it takes the shape of an elegant hexagonal stone
tower, lined with rows and rows of bells, which pursue their
melodious labours unceasingly. There is one view in Utrecht
which cannot be surpassed for picturesque effect—that from
the Fish Market, looking up the canal ; where animation,
colour, and the irregular houses rising from the water, the
trees and barges, and the huge tower forming the end of the
vista, form as astounding a vista as one of Prout's water¬
colour scenes. Let no one think the old fashion of things has
been swept away—not in Holland, at least.
The Hague, which came next, is more in the professional
tourist's way, and is too pretentious
and modem to please the antiquary.
The Public Gallery of Pictures is,
however, a model for its small size :
the quality of the pictures, and their
excellent disposition in a good,
sound, old Spanish mansion. The
guardians display their orange rib¬
bons of office ; and they have an
obliging custom, which might be
imitated elsewhere, of not “clearing
out” the visitors when the hour for
closing arrives, though no one is
then admitted.
Next was a pleasant contrast, in
the shape of an antique dreauiv,
perhaps dozing, university city—
Leyden. This place is perfectly
charming for its tone of general
repose, variety of retired streets,
shaded canals, and qnaint bridges.
The long, winding main street has
somewhat the air of Oxford—an
impression quickened by the hand¬
some modern club, or students’
“societat.” in front of which are
seated a number of lively youths,
who, in dress and air, could not
be distinguished from English lads.
Further up is the elegant Renaissance Stadhuis, with its
graceful double-stair and truly quaint belfry behind. It
is difficult to give an idea of the “bits” and corners which
adorn this pleasing old town. The canals are everywhere,
and disposed like streets: but they are narrow and shaded
bv fine old trees, and one is crossed by a curious covered
bridge. Portions recall tbe tranquillity of Tunbridge Wells.
In this sleepy town, the accommodating tram-car sets you
down at the door and sign of the “ Golden Lion ” : it is a true
old house, with a floridly carved stair and old-fashioned ways
enough. Nor are costumes and contrasts of colour wanting.
The Catholic priests have a quaint, old-fashioned dress, the
most genuinely ‘"Dutch” thing “out.” See yon pair, just
passing by ; walking so gravely arrayed in very low-crowned
Quakerish hats, full-bottomed coats, canes with ivory tops,
breeches, and buckles — wonderfully old-fashioned figures.
The Protestant clergy wear what seems t-o be the old Geneva
gown, though rather suggesting an Inverness cape. Tbe
women still cling to their singular picturesque head-dress,
though they often combine it with the modern fashion, as
when they put a bonnet on top of the old lace-cap and golden
“ blinkers.” The army has much developed of late years ; the
officers are smart, well set-up men, in handsome, well-fitting
uniforms, a little burly, it may be, bat soldierlike. Some
have orange sashes, and from their shako white cords are
festooned across the chest, to be gathered up on the left
shoulder with a rosette and tassels. The police wear glazed
leathern helmets bound with white metal and a loese cloak.
Everywhere is to be met a cordial good nature and civility
which is almost English.
Next, on to Delft, where the new and pleasing station is
built in the old-fashioned style with a spire, or lantern, and is
garnished appropriately with Delft tiles. Here we see the old
patterns again : pastoral canals,
drawbridges, old East India
Company’s offices, and a fine
Place with o charming Spanish
Stadhuis accurately proportioned
to the size of the* town. There
is a noble, dignified statue of
Grotius in the centre, and one
solitary “ poort,” or gate, has been
left standing. There is, however,
little to see; and it should be
noted that the travelling sight¬
seer will find most of the Dutch
towns can be disposed of in a
couple of hours, a longer stay
leading only to tedium and
weariness.
We wound up with Dort, or
Dordrecht, a “ poorish,” dis¬
appointing place, antique enough, , l
but having little “ distinction ”— fj!l 1
mean streets, decayed houses, and
a squalid townhall built within LJpff*
living memory—a shabby tbiny ' fr;-, /y, ,»
with a Greek portico. A sort ol jf '’A[ft
Kermess was going on, which ’ ^
seems to • amount to no more
than numbers of huge, strident,
grinding organs, with merry-go-
rounds, and the manufacture of gauffres in glittering palaces.
On the walls I read: “Het Mikado, 6en dag im Titipu.
Japonsche Komike Opera van W. S. Gilbert,
Having thus rediscovered a portion of Holland, and, for
the hundredth time, I came away and came home. Let the
curious amateur accept what may he termed this *• straight tip
in towns,” and put his money on Bois-le-Duc and Nymwegen.
and he will be grateful to the present much gratified
traveller, Percy Fitzgerald.
MARRIAGE OF THE DUKE D’AOSTA.
It is well known that the Roman Catholic Church, if it claims
authority to forbid certain marriages as sinful, does not scruple
to allow them in the case of personages of high rank ; and the
union of a niece with her uncle, which is abhorrent to the
natural feeling of Protestants, can be made legitimate by a
Papal dispensation from canonical laws. So the Pope, at the
request of the Empress Eugenie, widow of Napoleon III., but,
probably not in order to please the King of Italy, who
occupies his former sovereignty in Rome, has consented
to sanction the wedding, on Sept. 11. of Princess Letitia
Bonaparte to her uncle, the Duke d’Aosta. His Royal
Highness, brother to King Humbert of Italy, and roll
of the late King Victor Emmanuel, is forty-three years of
age. He was elected King of Spain in December, 1870, and
was deposed in February, 1878. His first wife, Princess Mario
of Pozzo della Cisterna, died in Noveml>er, 1878. llis sister.
Princess Clotilde, married Prince Napoleon Bonaparte, cousin
to tbe late Emperor Napoleon III., in January, 1859, and bus
three children, one of whom, Prince Victor Napoleon, horn in
1802, claims to be heir to the French Empire, while the
youngest. Princess Letitia, born Dec. 20, 1866, is now the bride
of her own uncle, and becomes the Duchess D'Aosta.
THE WILLOUGHBY MEMORIAL, PELHL
One of the memorable incidents of the Indian Mutiny War of
1857 was the heroic action of Lieutenant George Willoughby,
of the Ordnance Commissariat Department, when tbo rebels
gained possession of Delhi. This young officer, with Lieutenants
Forrest and Raynor, of the Bengal Artillery, and six European
conductors and sergeants of artillery, was in charge of the
great magazine of ammunition, near the palace. When these
nine, after the natives had mutinied, could no longer with¬
stand the assault of the enemy, Willoughby ordered the magazine
to he blown up. Only two of the nine, Ray nor ami Buck ley, escaped
alive. Willoughby's grave, if any. being nnknown. it was pro¬
posed to raise a memorial to him and hiscomrades on t he scene of
tlieir noble exploit. Lately, when Lieutenant-Colonel R. Parry
Nisbet, C.I.E.. was Commissioner of tbe Delhi Division, he
asked the permission of the Government to erect, at his own
expense, the memorial to his kinsman Willoughby. It was
determined, however, that the cost should be borne by the
Government of India. The memorial, the design of which is
appropriate and tasteful, was furnished by Mr. H. A. 8. Fenner,
M.I.C.E., Superintending Engineer. Punjaub. The scroll
work of laurels above, the broken lances wreathed with bays
on each side, and the dismounted and spiked gun below,
betoken that all was lost but honour and duty.
THE STOCKPORT TECHNICAL SCHOOL.
The Lord Mayor of London visited the town of Stockport, near
Manchester, on Sept. 8, to assist the committee of the newly-
formed Technical School and the Mayor of Stockport, Alder¬
man Joseph Leigh, by performing the ceremony of laying the
foundation-stone of the building. The architectural design of
this building is represented in our Illustration. The Stock-
port Technical School, projected last year os a memorial of the
Jubilee of the reign of Qneen Victoria, is calculated to render
great service to the industrial and commercial interests of that
Urge manufacturing town.
JUBILEE ALMSHOUSES AND CHURCH.
KENDAL.
The “Sleddali” Victoria Jubilee Almshouses, shown in our
Illustration, are very neat and well-constructed buildings for
the aged poor of Kendal. The munificent donor, Mr. John
Sleddali, left last year the sum of nearly £3U,(J00 exclusively
for charitable purposes to the town of Kendal, aud about one
half that sum has been spent on the almshouses and endow¬
ment. There arc twelve houses, each intended for man and
wife, with an allowance of 12s. fid. per week. The ancestry
of the late Mr. Sleddali is one of the oldest in Westmorland ;
he was born near Kendal, and for generations the Sleddali
family have lived in and around the neighbourhood of the
town, one of his ancestors being the first Mayor of the ancient
borough, 280 years ago. Mr. Eli Cox, of Kendal, the architect,
wrote to her Majesty, through the Home Secretary, asking her
gracious permission to associate her name with the buildings.
This was granted, the donor having expressed a wish to tbo
architect before he died that he would like her to do so. His
death took place immediately after the foundation-stone was
laid, in the early part of the Jubilee year.
The Commander-in-Chief has ordered the formation of
twelve additional brigades of Volunteers for heme defence.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sfpt. 8, 1888 — 276
GREAT EASTERN : PASSING NEW BRIGHTON, ENTERING THE MERSEY.-SEE PAGE 270.
LAST VOYAGE OF THE
THE STOCKPORT TECHNICAL SCHOOL.
THE WILLOUGHBY MEMORIAL, DELHI.
THE "SLEDDALL" VICTORIA JUBILEE ALMSHOUSES AND CHURCH, KENDAL.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 8, 1888.—277
THE TURKISH OCCUPATION OP EL WEDJ, ON THE COAST OP ARABIA.
he %■ the ? ed Rea ’ {rom the GuIf 0{ Akabaha,
comprises the * <J°w» t° tta Strait of Bab-el-Mnndr
belonSnir to the T A wu“S provinces, El Hedjnz and Yarn
than thi?t^n h Wl C ^ ^piro. which together extend me
inland bonndarie^ 6,1 mi es alon S the ®ea-shore. hut thi
taming the Moha m m l <lefi,led - E1 Hodja* co
■'« a dominion Bac ml cities of Mecca and Medir
his relirions and w V^ IS, ? ensable to the Snltan of Turkey,
‘heconrinuairesn^f 1 ^, 1 cbaractnr as Caliph of Islam; a.
the Mohammedan nut P^Snms to those holy shrines from ;
brings to that part of i n 8 h°- f Asla '. Af ™a, and Eastern Enr 0[
certain source nf J?iL A ' a » a “bstderable yearly traffic, with
ether districts how» enU °i{° r 0ttoIu an Government,
rail themtofres Snlto ’ * 1<>0al Arab chiefta ins, who al
dependento which ias Lr mtain . a , d ^ ree of P ractical 1
Britain, though It a .t TeCOgnised m treatk ' s with Gre
formally denied th « ™ ve «»ffnty of the Porte is n
boundary of El °f the «°ast, outside the northei
country Of the ancient MidT^ **“ !*? ai Peninsula, was tl
famon 8 Hold-mines latelv ^'^’J^ h l re iB the site o£ 11
Richard Burton} who hlf/ ^P, 10 ™ 1 b 7 Captain Burton (S
^k.Theportof Eiw^di on 8 ?h h, ! 8UrVe - v8 in an interests
a Turkish garrison - «mfxr l - tha !; coasti > WM recently occupied!
stream SuS u""T e9 C* Captain of the Col
acoo mpanied by Captain Ahmed Zeki, wi
sent officially, by the British Government, to visit the place
and to report on its present condition. Mr. Cope Whitehouse,
the well-known explorer of Egyptian topography and
antiquities, also visited El Wedj in company with Major
Surtees, and has favoured us with some photographs of the
place.
At the meeting of the British Association at Bath, Major
Surtees has been invited to give an account of his visit to
El Wedj last year. This town, opposite Kosseir, is the main,
if not the only, harbour on a long stretch of shoal-defended
coast. A fort was begun some years since by the Egyptian
G overnment to protect the port, with the quarantine station,
from any sudden descent of the turbulent tribes of the
interior. The Illustrations which we publish show that its con¬
struction was so bad that the stones of tho parapet coaid be
dislodged by hand; and a gun, when trained and fired, cracked
the platform on which it rested. But if the interior of this fort
is commanded by the hills behind, it has a substantial gateway,
and may be a very important acquisition to the Turkish
Government. The Forte now garrisons a oontmnons territory,
through Asia Minor and Syria to Aden, with disciplined troops
and experienced officers. The Egyptian Government have
been relieved of a serious responsibility and a considerable
expenditure. El Wedj ceased to be of importance to the
Egyptians so soon as it was determined to send the sacred
carpet to Mecca by sea. Further inland, however, on the
Egyptian pilgrim road to Mecca, there is another fortress
of a very different sort. It dates from the solid age of Sultan
Selim, and bears an inscription of Ibn-Toulour, which shows
that in the ninth century the region was a province or
dependency of the Sovereign at Cairo.
The Egypt of the ex-Khedive Ismail not only inclnded the
vast tracts of Equatorial Africa, but comprised a strip of
territory in Arabia stretching southward from the head of the
Gulf of Akabah to the Turkish frontier of Yemen. It was a
subjeot of special attention when, ten years ago, Sir Richard
Burton illumined its coral shores and" barren hills with the
glow of a trained and vivid mind. “ Was it indeed,” it was
asked, “ from these weird valleys that those Midianites came
up, with all the existing and inevitable accompaniments of
Bedouin life, to encamp against the Israelites, in that famong
incursion which lives even yet in poetic verse, as well as in the
records of Jewish history 1 ” There was glitter as of gold in
tho hills of JVlidian. Sulphur mountains frowned above the
remains of mining towns, while rock-hewn inscriptions of
uncertain antiquity were found near ruins of an undoubted
Roman origin. The vision faded. The propheoy that the land
would wake from its lethargy was not fulfilled. The territory
has been transferred to the Porte. Egypt in Arabia is now
confined to the Sinaitic peninsula.
278
SEPT. 8, 1888
UNDER THE GROUSE MOORS.
*• \ capital place for a shot! ” is the ft st natural thought of a
sportsman as he comes upon this gnen, bracken-grown nook
by the loch-side. And, sec as a footstep approaches the un¬
frequented spot, half a hundred rabbits, like so many routed
skirmishers, disappear from tho open spaces into their burrows
among the fern. A hare or two. as well, may be startled here;
and sometimes, with a sudden rush of wings, a covey of grouse
will take flight for the heather of their native mountain.
So wonder, therefore, that the sportsman, keen with the
instincts of “ the Twelfth," casts an approving glance at these
grassy knolls.
“A choice spot for a picture!” exclaims the artist, as bis
eye takes in the natural features of the neighbourhood. And
iii the green foreground, with its lonely tree or two, and the
darker upland rising away against tho sky above, he sees
another *• Fringe of the Moor ": or, with a storm-swept heaven
and a dash of driving rain, the essentials of another Cecil
Lawson : while on the other hand, the breezy loch below and
the masses of cloud and sunshine sweeping the surrounding
mountains, suggest the material for a water-colour in the
manner of Sam Bough. And, indeed, here, with the scent of
the bog-myrtle from tho moors above, and of the wild clover
from the dry dyke-top beside him, filling the air—with the
warm sunshine ripening the hazel-nuts in the corrie close by,
and not a sound to be heard but the music of the loch's clear
waters rippling at his feet, a painter might find for a week or
two something like the paradise of his art.
“ Another instance of the tyranny of landlords ! ” says the
political reformer, who, knowing nothing of the circumstances
of the case, catches sight of signs that the harrow has once been
at work on the narrow strath, and leaps at once to the con¬
clusion that the spot has been the scene of a depopulation by
the proprietor for purposes of sport. And the rush-grown and
furze-covered inclostires which once—it is too true !—were
fruitful farm-land, offer a fit subject for grave misgivings,
though by no means on the conventional lines of the popular
land-agitator of to-day. The fields, indeed, which are cropped
now only by the wild game of the mountain, once waved
green and gold with the growing and ripening com ; and in
the farm-house, falling to ruin now among the rowan-trees
yonder, many a brood of stout lads and comely lasses has been
reared. But it is not because of a landlord's rack-renting or
because of a sportsman's eagerness after game that the once-
happy home has been left to decay, and the once fruitful soil
to become again a wilderness. The cause lies elsewhere. As a
matter of fact, the last tenant of the place paid only a nominal
rent. His brother was his landlord, and by their father's will
the farm here was secured to the younger son for life upon pay¬
ment of a few shillings of annual rent per acre. His position,
therefore, was as favourable as a Highland farmer's well could
bo. It is to the altered fiscal laws of the country that the
desolation here is due. Since the repeal of the tax upon corn
it has become more and more impossible to grow grain to
profit in the uncertain climate of the hills. The distance from
cities is too great for tho tenant to find refuge in that final
resource of modern farmers—the sending of milk to market.
And so, no other means of livelihood upon tho soil being
apparent, the once green and fertile spat, like many another
nook in the land, has been left to return to a state of nature,
while the tiller of it and his children have drifted into the
seething whirlpool of city life.
No thoughtful wanderer can come upon such a spot with¬
out asking himself whether it can be good for a country to lie
so stripped of its physical strength, knowing as he does that a
stalwart yeomanry is the backbone of a nation .’ Involuntarily
he recalls the fate of Rome when the peasantry of Italy had
ceased to till the soil, and. crowding into tho capital city,
depended for their bread upon the corn of Egypt and of Sicily :
and he would fain ask whether it may not be possible once
more to people these silent places with a hardy and
independent race.’
It seems vain for many a year to hope for hedp to
this end from Customs legislation. Not until America
has ceased to pay for our manufactures with her
wheat will it become apparent to the British voter
that it is lictter for him physically to grow his grain
than to buy it; and only when the majority of his
trades have shared the fate of carpet-weaving, flour-
milling, -and sugar-refining, will he begin to doubt
the wisdom of depending entirely upon his manufac¬
tures for bread, and begin to look again to native
soil for his support. But already Greenock and
Greenwich and Bristol have felt the pinch from the
failure of the sugar industry ; ever-increasing mutter-
ings, as of a threatening volcano, come each winter
from tho seething 11 East-End " ; and it maybe well
if, before long, that pool of city life be tapped, and
the stream by gentlo means direoted into rural
channels.
The growing of grain for sale will not, it is
evident, within the near future prove a remunerative
ocenpation in these remoter spots ; and, indeed, at no
time probably will it be possible tc become wealthy
upon the produce of these northern glens. But it is
well to rememlier that a nation is not necessarily in
the best state of prosperity merely when its pockets
appear to be full. Rome was replete with silver and
gold when she fell before the barbarian hosts. It
would promise better for tho country's future, and be
immeasurably happier for the people themselves if
some of the crowded East-End masses of her cities
could be converted into open-air craftsmen and
healthy peasants. The choice is not between the
chance of wealth in London and in the country, but
between the possibilities of robust physical life amid
the smoke of Whitechapel and in the clear air of
Argyll.
This change is not to be made by the passing of a
law to lower arbitrarily the price of land. Such n
law has always to be paid for by someone, and gener¬
ally by those who have least cause to be mulcted. It
is to private effort that the country must owe this
service, and it lies with the people who have wealth
(not necessarily the aristocracy, who are often poor)
to find out new means of livelihood in the country,
and to help, each man his quota of population,
towards the using of such means. If Sir Ivan, for
instance, the new owner of this strath, instead of
spending his years aimlessly in bringing down
pigeons at Hurlingham and grouse on the moors here,
were to set himself the task of colonising these loch sides, he
might find his reward in the rearing of a stalwart race, and
would certainly do the State a valuable service. Why
should he not, like the patricians of old Rotiie. take pride in
being patron of a hundred clients, or, like the Highland chiefs,
his forerunners, rejoice in the following of a prosperous clan
Many a happy cottage might nestle along these inland shores.
There are fish enough in the loch for the entebiug ; and the
planting of the hills above with trees, while giving employ-
rncut to many a labourer, would return in time a handsome
MUSIC.
THE BIRMINGHAM TRIENNIAL FESTIVAL.
Our previous notice of this great celebration (which closed
on Ang. 31) was necessarily incomplete, most of the perform¬
ances having taken place too late for comment until now.
The novelties were fewer on this occasion than at several
previous festivals, disappointments having occurred that
could not be foreseen by the directors. Important new works
were arranged for with Anton Dvorak and Dr. Mackenzie, but
circumstances prevented their completion.
To speak first of the special novelties that were actually
produced at the festival just terminated; these were two in
number—Dr. Parry's oratorio “ Judith ; or. The Regeneration
of Manasseh ” and Dr. Bridge's cantata “ Callirhoe." The
first-named work is based on text supplied by the composer
himself, who has to some extent made use of Dean Prideaux's
version of the Bible narrative.
“Judith" is one of the most ambitious of the many com¬
positions by which Dr. Parry has gained prominence in recent
years, and one of the most successful. The music is throughout
scholarly in style, with alternations of a serious tone with a
lighter melodic treatment that stands in agreeable relief
thereto ; there being less of that tendency towards a reflection
of the exaggerated style of the modern German school than
has been apparent in most of Dr. Parry's previous works. The
several choruses of priests, people, Assyrians, and others, the
music associated with the worship of Moloch, and that asso¬
ciated with the exploit of Judith, arc full of varied and
dramatic contrasts. Some of the solo music, too, is both im¬
pressive and beautiful; among several examples being Judith's
ballad, “ Long since, in Egypt's plenteous land,” and Manasseli s
solo, “ God maketh the battle ’’; not to mention other instances.
The choral and orchestral details of the oratorio were ex¬
cellently rendered; and that the solo music received full
justice in performance may be inferred from the fact of Miss
Anna Williams having sung that of Judith, Madame Patcy
and Mr. Lloyd, respectively, that of the Queen and Manasseli,
and Mr. Santley that of the High Priest and a Messenger;
Masters P. Fry and A. Stephens having been efficient
in the passages for the two children. The work was an entire
success. A symphony of Haydn and Franz's choral psalm.
“ Praise ye the Lord," completed the programme of tho day
now referred to.
Dr. Bridge's cantata is associated with text supplied by
Mr. Barclay Squire, who has taken for his subject the old
Greek narrative of the love of Coresos, a Priest of Bacchus, for
the beautiful Callirhoe, by whom he is scorned ; the plague of
madness drawn on the people at the invocation of the wrath¬
ful priest, and the decree of the oracle demanding the death
of a victim, this being Callirhoe herself. The priest, iu re¬
morse, stabs himself instead ; and, her aversion turning to
admiration, she kills herself. A stream gushes forth, and the
lovers are seen transformed to river deities.
Dr. Bridge's music successfully realises the romantic aspect
of the text, while at the same time possessing much of
melodic charm and interest. Several movements proved highly
effective in performance; among them the graceful opening
chorus, the prayer of Coresus, the chorus which follows it, tho
chorus of messengers to Dodona, Callirhoe's scena, “ Woe is
me," a processional march, and the jubilant final chorus. As
in Dr. Parry's “Judith,” effective use is made of representative
themes. The solo music assigned to the different characters—
Callirhoe, the Priestess, and Coresus—received all possibleeffect
from its rendering, respectively, by Madame Albani, Madame
Trehelli, and Mr. Lloyd. The picturesque orchestral details
included some characteristic imitations of the sound of brazen
vessels in the Oracle scene. Of both the novelties above
referred to fresh opportunity for comment will soon be offered
by their repetition in London. “ Callirhoe" (conducted by tho
composer) was a great and legitimate success.
Of those portions of the miscellaneous evening
concerts not yet referred to it will be sufficient to say
that the specialty at the second was Sir Arthur
Sullivan's dramatic cantata, “The Golden Legend,"
which retains its popularity, and has already been so
frequently discussed as to need no further comment,
beyond stating that the principal solo vocalists at
Birmingham were Mesdames Albani and Trebelli. Mr.
E. Lloyd, and Signor Foli. The following items of the
programme included a pleasing overture, composed
and conducted by' Herr Grieg; a specialty on the
third evening having been Miss Fanny Davies's fine
rendering of Schumann's pianoforte concerto in A
minor.
Brief record may suffice of other performances of
the week not previously noticed—“ The Messiah," on
Ang. 30 (with Madame Albani. Madame Patev, Mr. C.
Banks, and Signor Foli as solo vocalists); Bach's
“ Magnificat ” on the following morning, the solos by
Miss Anna Williams, Madame Trebelli, Mr. Banks,
and Signor Foli; Beethoven's symphony' in 0 minor;
and Berlioz's “ Requiem," the tenor solo in this by
Mr. E. Lloyd ; the festival having closed on Friday
evening. Aug. 31, with Handel's “ Saul.” an oratorio
that has been less frequently heard than several others
of his works of that class. It is the fourth in the
long list of his English oratorios, having immediately
preceded "Israel in Egypt” and “The Messiah.”
“ Saul ” contains some grand choral writing that may
compare with any of that in Handel's other oratorios.
The solo portions at Birmingham were assigned to
Misses Anna Williams and Ambler, Madame Patev.
Mr. Banks, Mr. Piercy. Mr. Brereton, Signor Foli, and
Mr. Santley. Additional accompaniments by Mr. E.
Prout were supplied.
The performances, orchestral and choral, during
the festival, have been generally of high excellence,
and the names of the solo vocalists, already incident¬
ally given, are sufficiently indicative of efficiency iu
that respect. The duties of conductor have been
worthily fulfilled by Dr. Hans Richter, as at the
previous festival, in 1885, when he replaced the late
Sir Michael Costa ; and valuable service was rendered
I NDF.lt THE GROVSE noons.
place, and he was the projector of the Monday Popular Con¬
certs and the Saturday Popular Concerts. Besides compiling
a “ History of Music.” Mr. William Chappell assisted in editing
“ The Roxburghe Ballads,” Bishop Percy's folio manuscript of
“ Ballads and Romances,” and other literary works. He further
wrote a treatise “ On the Use of the Greek Language, Written
Phonetically, in the Early Service Books of the Church of
England.”
Our Portrait is from a photograph by Messrs. Fradelle and
Young, Regent-street.
at the organ by Mr. C. W. Perkins (tho successor to
Mr. Stimpson) ; the co-operation of Mr. .Stockier, as
chorus-master, having had (as often before) great
influence on the efficiency of the choral performances.
THE HEREFORD MCSICAL FESTIVAL.
The one hundred and sixty-fifth meeting of the cathe¬
dral choirs of Hereford, Worcester, and Gloucester will
tike place in the first-named city, on Sept. 11 and three follow¬
ing days—an inaugural service being held in the cathedral
on the previous Sunday, when a sermon with special
reference to the occasion will be preached by the Rev.
Canon Sir F. A. Gore Ouselcy, Bart. These festivals have
for their primary object the affording aid to the widows
and orphans of the poorer clergy of the three dioceses. The
money aid thus obtained arises entirely from collections made
in the cathedral after the services and oratorio performances,
and from subsequent donations—the proceeds from the sale
HIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
profit to the owner. Besides these, many an industry might
be borrowed from abroad. Why should Swiss milk and toys
lie imported from the Alps, cheese and eggs from Holland, and
honey from California All these might be produced in such
a spot as this, if people were only brought hero and helper! to
rise their hands. Their gardens themselves, of an acre or two,
with the fish they could take from the loch, might offord them
TI1E LATE Hlt. W. ClfAPl’ELL.
which has proved so immense a success in the basin of
Arcachon, might furnish them with the means of obtainiug
the necessaries they could not produce.
Humble, of course, the lives of such colonists must be ; but
fresh air. healthy food, and comfortable shelter aro the first
essentials to happiness, and these, at least, would be free to
dwellers here. However it may be brought about—whether
by private effort, by co-operation, or by the delayed, and
perhaps disastrous action of natural laws—it is evidently only
by recourse to means such ns these that the congestion of our
city populations can he relieved, and spots like this, between
loch and mountain, made once more the home of a healthy and
independent race. _ O. E.-T.
THE LATE MR. W. CHAPPELL, F.S.A.
Mr. William Chappell, who died on Aug. 20, at the age of
sevent.y-seven, was during many years the chief managing
partner of the old musical firm. Messrs. Chappell and Co., of
New Bond - street, established by his father, 51r. Samuel
Chappell. In 1840 Mr. William Chappell founded the 5Iusicnl
Antiquarian Society, for which he edited Dowland's songs and
a “Collection of English National Airs.” giving their pedigrees
and anecdotes connected with them, with an essay on “Min¬
strelsy in England.” This was afterwards expanded into his
*• Popular 5Iusic of the Olden Time,” published in two volumes,
]8.V>-.V.I. It was under 51 r. Thomas Chappell's management
that the great extension of Messrs. Chappell's business took
KKPT. 8. 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
279
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Bombay, or to Melbourne, were profitable to the owners.
Passengers soon found that the Great Eastern was not a com¬
fortable vehicle, in spite of her large and airy state-rooms and
the extensive promenade on her deck. There was space enough
to accommodate four thousand passengers of different classes,
but those who embarked were only the few attracted by
cariosity and novelty, and did not care to repeat the experience.
The launching of the Great Eastern, which occupied several
THE LATE MR. P. H. GOSSE, F.R.S,
This eminent naturalist, whose death has lately been
announced, was born at Worcester, in 1810, but was
brought up at Poole, in Dorset, and in early youth
was sent as a mercantile clerk to Newfoundland.
There he passed eight years, and spent three years in
Lower Canada. He devoted himself to the study of
zoology and entomology, travelled through the United
States, and resided about a year in Alabama, making
a large collection of drawings of insects. After his
return to England, in 1839, Mr. Gosse published a
general synopsis of his investigations. In 1844 he
visited Jamaica, there spent eighteen months in the
study of zoology, and issued on his return “ The
Birds of Jamaica,” an “Atlas of Illustrations,” and
“ A Naturalist's Sojourn in Jamaica.” Daring the
next few years he published an “ Introduction to
Zoology,” and prepared many works for the Society
for Promoting Christian Knowledge. He then
applied himself especially to the microscopic study
of the British rotifera, and took part in the form¬
ation of public and private collections of marine
animals. In 1856 he was elected a Fellow of the
Royal Society. Among Mr. Gosse's works are—“ The
Aquarium,” 1854 ; “ A Manual of Marine Zoology,”
1855 ; “Tenby, a Seaside Holiday,” 1856 ; “Life in
its Lower, Intermediate, and Higher Forms,” 1857 ;
“ Acfcinologia Britannica ; a History of the British
Sea Anemones and Corals,” 1860 ; “ The Romance of
Natural History,” 1860-62 ; “ A Year at the Shore ”
and “ Land and Sea,” 1865. His scientific merits were acknow¬
ledged by his election to the Royal Society. His son, 3Ir.
Edmund Gosse, is well known as a literary critic and scholar.
Lord James Douglas, brother of the Marquis of Queen s-
berry, was married on Sept. 4, at Hawick, in the Roman
Catholic Church, to Mrs. Martha Lucy Hennessy, of Kensington
Court, London.
of tickets being applied exclusively to the festival expenses,
any deficit in that respect being divided among the stewards.
The number of these gentlemen has, during recent years, bten
largely augmented in consequence of some rather large
losses sustained on former occasions. A similar occurrence is
less likely now than ever, and, if taking place, will fall but
lightly on the many who are responsible.
A complete and effective orchestra is provided for the
forthcoming performances, Mr. J. T. Carrodus and Mr. V.
Nicholson being engaged as leading violinists ; the band also
including many of our most skilled instrumentalists. The
chorus comprises the members of the three associated cathedral
choirs, augmented by additions from Bristol, St. George's
(Windsor). Trinity College (Cambridge), and other sources;
Dr. Langdon Colborne, organist of Hereford Cathedral, being
the conductor.
The solo vocalists engaged are Madame Albani, Miss Anna
Williams, Miss Ambler, Madame Enriquez, Miss II. Wilson,
Mr. E. Lloyd, Mr. C. Banks, Mr. Brereton, and Mr. Santley.
In accordance with frequent past custom, the opening per¬
formance of the festival (on Sept. 11) will consist of Mendels¬
sohn's “ Elijah,” the next day being appropriated to Handel's
■‘Samson” and Sir Sterndale Bennett’s sacred cantata “The
Woman of Samaria.” In the evening (also in the cathedral)
the first and second parts of Haydu’s “Creation,” Spohr's
cantata, “God, Thou art great,” and Schubert's “Song of
Miriam” will be performed ; Thursday morning being appro¬
priated to Cherubini’s Mass in D minor, Mr. Cowen’s “ Song of
Thanksgiving” (produced at the recent opening of the
Melbourne Centennial Exhibition) ; Dr. Parry's ode, “ Blest
pair of Sirens,” and Sir F. G. Ouseley’s oratorio, “ The Martyr¬
dom of St. Polycarp,” The climax to the cathedral perform¬
ances will be, as usual, Handel's “Messiah” on the Friday
morning.
Evening concerts in the Shi rehall on Sept. 11 and 13. will
include Sir Arthur Sullivan's cantata, “ The Golden Legend,”
and miscellaneous selections of vocal and instrumental music,
a supplemental chamber concert, in the same locality, on the
Friday evening, winding up the festival week.
The Marie Roze Opera Company—under the joint direction
of Colonel Henry Mapleson and Mr. N. Vert—is giving a series
of operatic performances in the provinces previous to the
departure of Madame Marie Roze on her tour round the world.
The coming absence of the eminent prima donna will, no
doubt, add to the attractiveness of her provincial appearances.
The arrangements for the National Eisteddfod of Wales at
Wrexham on Sept. 4. 5, 6, 7 included choral and instrumental
competitions and “Elijah” and “The Messiah,” with full
orchestra and competent solo singers.
Mrs. Sydney Naylor, better known in operatic life as
Madame Blanche Cole, died recently from dropsy. This
popular artist was born at Portsmouth in 1851, and as a girl
of eighteen she first appeared on the stage at the Crystal
Palace as Amina in “ La Sonnambula.” Her success was
almost immediate.
THE LAST OF THE GREAT EASTERN.
Some feelings of regret, almost of pity—for a ship, though
she does not actually suffer, like a living creature, seems
endowed with a sorb of personality—may be aroused by the
final doom of destruction, after many years of humiliating
idleness, that will soon put an end to the largest
vessel ever set afloat by human skill and industry.
The Great Eastern has made her last voyage ; on
Saturday. Aug. 25, she arrived in the Mersey, towed
by two Liverpool steam-tugs, the Stormcock and the
Pathfinder, having been assisted in this manner to
pass from the Clyde, where she had been moored,
between Helensburgh and Greenock, since December.
She was under the command of Captain Collier, who
had charge of the ship on behalf of the present
owners, Messrs. Henry Bath and Co., of Liverpool
and London, and was manned by a crew of about
115 hands all told. She was accompanied by a Liver¬
pool pilot (Mr. Dudley), who took charge of her off
the Calf of Man. She was off the bar at an early hour
in the morning, and came into the Mersey with the
flood tide. Her progress up the river was naturally
watched with interest from hoth shores, the Liverpool
landing-stages being crowded at two o’clock in the
afternoon, at which hour she passed up to the
Sloyne. It was noticed that since she was last seen
in the Mersey she had been divested of her huge
paddle-wheels. Her draught of water was 15 ft. for¬
ward and 21 ft. aft. About an hour after high
water the vessel was beached on the Cheshire shore,
a short distance south of the New Ferry Pier, where,
at low water, the huge hull stands high and dry.
She is fastened with two kedge anchors from each
bow. Large numbers of people went by the New
Ferry and Eastham Ferry steamers for the purpose of
seeing the big ship. It is understood that the owners
"’Ml proceed to have her dismantled and broken up
at once. Her ponderous machinery will first be taken
out, and, if she can be lightened of this weight in
time to take advantage of the next spring tides, the
hull will probably be floated higher up the beach to
facilitate the operations. It is estimated that about
£20.000—an amount equal to the price paid for her
by Messrs. Bath .and Co.—will be expended in con¬
verting the ship into portable fragments.
»Many persons among us will remember, above
thirty years ago, the construction of this immense
steam-ship, which was commenced on May 1, 1854,
in the yard of Messrs. Scott Russell and Co., at
Mill wall, under the direction of the eminent engineer,
Mr. Isimbard Kingdom Brunei, the original designer.
The name at first given to her was “ The Leviathan,”
which was changed to “The Great Eastern” when the
ship was finished, the Eastern Steam Navigation
Company having intended to employ this vessel in
the Indian and Australian trade. Mr. J. Scott Russell
took the contract for building the ship and supplying
the paddle-engines, while the engines for the screw-
propeller were furnished by Messrs. Watt and Co., of
Birmingham. It was expected that the combination
or screw and paddles, worked by steam-power, with
large sails carried by five or six masts, would be
supremely advantageous. But the engines were
insignificant, compared with those in use at the present
day; those for the screw-propeller were of 1606-
horse power, and the paddle-engines of 1200-horse
power (nominal), while the screw was 24 ft. in diameter, and
the paddle-wheels 56 ft. The locomotive power was always
deficient for the size of the vessel, which had a length of
691 ft., 83 ft. width of beam, and a depth exceeding (50 ft., with a
capacity of 22,500 tons burthen—about twice the size, on the
whole, of the largest ships that are now built. It was an
engineering mistake ; Jie form of the hull was a mistake in
tt&val architecture ; and the project of having so big a vessel
anxious weeks in November of 1857, was a most difficult task.
As she could not be launched end on, because the Thames at
Millwall is not wide enough, she had been built with her
broadside to the water's edge on an inclined floor with a
gradient of one in twelve, down which she was to be pushed,
a distance of 260 ft., by the action of hydraulic engines or rams
along the upper broadside. Messrs. Tredwell, of Gloucester,
undertook this operation, but the engines and the pushing
apparatus could not always work simultaneously and uni¬
formly, and only a few yards, feet, or inches of movement could
be effected in a day ; the ship appeared more than once to get
askew, and to stick fast immoveafily. Two or three men were
killed by the accidental breaking of a chain. Mr. Brunei,
who came daily to superintend the launching, sur¬
rounded by crowds of spectators, was terribly dis¬
tressed ; and when the ship was got into shallow water, still
fast aground, the further launching was deferred for the
high tides. At length, on Jan. 31, 1858, the Great Eastern
was got afloat; many thousands of visitors were admitted
on board to view the ship, of which there were several
Illustrations in our own Journal. The hull and engines,
so far, had cost about £640,000, but the original Great
Eastern Ship Company was obliged within a twelvemonth
to sell her for £160,000 to a new company, which at the
end of 1858 was fitting out the great ship as she lay in
the Thames. She was designed to go round the Cape to the
port of Trincomalee, in Ceylon, in thirty days, thence to
Calcutta and Madras, then to Singapore, to Hong-Kong, and to
Sydney and Melbourne, delivering and gathering cargo at
each of those ports, and then to come home. As a mercantile
traffic speculation, this route did not find favour with the
commercial world ; and the trial trip down the Channel
was attended with an alarming disaster, the blowing-up of
a steam-reservoir around the funnel, which scalded ten poor
fellows to death, and frightened away passengers, though
it was an accident that might have happened cn
board another vessel. The Great Eastern was afterwords
offered to Government for a troop-ship to convey 10.000
soldiers at once; and the experience, then recent, of the
Indian Mutiny, was made an argument in /avour of this
proposal. But the War Office, or the Admiralty, did not think
it prudent to risk so large a part of the British Army in one
bottom. Troops could be sent to India more quickly by the
Overland route and the Red Sea ; there was no Suez Canal;
and if there had been, the Great Eastern could never have
got through it. In June, 1861, the Great Eastern took on
board 3300 troops for Canada, but was caught in a storm,
and put back seriously damaged. She had made a show trip
to New York in 1860, doing the voyage in ten days and a half.
The only great and useful performance that this extraordinary
ship ever achieved was in laying the Atlantic telegraph cablo
in July, 18(36, and recovering a cable lost the year before. For
some time she was exhibited as a show, and has been on view
at New York, at Melbourne, and at New Orleans. Latterly,
being no longer seaworthy, it was intended by a private pur¬
chaser to convert her into a coaling-hulk at Gibraltar. One
might have fancied that she would do for a kind of floating
hotel or boarding-house, moored in seme deep and safe inlet of
the western British or Irish coasts. Her doom has now been
uttered; she is to be broken up for old iron : so ends the
dream of Mr. Brunei, a man of genius in his way, enamoured
of grand and mighty works, but with an imagination that
often far overleapt the calculations of prudence, and for
whose designs, magnificent as they were, shareholders
had no particular cause to be grateful. His death,
ou Sept. 15. 1859, was thought to have been hastened
by grief and worry on account of the Great Eastern,
and many other people wished that she had never
been built.
THE LATE LORD ALFRED PAGET.
The death of Lord Alfred Paget, a gentleman long
and well known, both as a member of Parliament
and as one of the ablest and most useful officials of
the Royal household, took place on Aug. 24. His
Lordship was the third son of Field Marshal the
Marquis of Anglesey, and was born in 1816. Ho was
educated at Westminster School, served in the 1st
Life Guards, and was placed on the retired list, with
the rank of General, in 1881. He represented Lich¬
field in the House of Commons from 1837 to July,
18f,5. He was Chief Equerry and Clerk-Marshal to
the Queen from 1846 till 1874, when he resigned the
office of Chief Equerry. He married, in 1847, a
daughter of General Thomas Wyndham, of Cromer
Hall, Norfolk, and had several sons and daughters.
His death took place on board his yacht in the
Caledonian Canal, near Inverness, and was caused by
a chill taken in grouse-shooting.
The Portrait of the late Lord Alfred Paget is
from a photograph by Messrs. Boning and Small.
was a commercial mistake. The ship had no keel whatever,
being shaped very much like an Indian's birch-bark canoe,
though not tapering off at the stern ; consequently, she rolled
a great deal in any heavy sea, the waves frequently washing
over her sides, in spite of their great height; but her length,
more than the eighth part of a mile, forbade pitching fore and
aft. It is quite conceivable that she might have been
swamped, but her length was divided into eleven water-tight
THE LATE LOllD ALFRED PAGET.
compartments, and a hole in her bottom would not have sunk
her, though she would soon have got her back broken if stuck
on a rock. The bottom was double, formed of two skins of
half-inch thick iron, with a space between, the air in which
gave more buoyancy than is desirable at the bottom of a vessel,
increasing her tendency to roll. The hull was ingeniously
strengthened by the bulkheads and the transverse iron beams
aud two longitudinal tunnels or tubes of iron ; yet no seaman
could doubt the possibility of its being torn asunder if ever
it were fixed on the rocks in a stormy sea. It was Brunei's
idea that this huge steamship should carry five or six
thousand tons of coal, sufficient for the double voyage
outward and homeward, which would save the expense
of coaling abroad ; but he, and the commercial men
who employed him, apparently did not consider that
there would be some uncertainty aud delay in getting a cargo
of 10,000 tons or more for a single ship in a distant port. As the
result proved, such an amount of traffic was not to be obtained,
and neither the voyage to New York, nor the voyages to
280
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 8, 1888
►
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTEli BESANT,
-Tub Revolt or 3 Ia>,‘ ‘ Katiiamixk Keuixa," mtc.
CHAPTER XVIII.
THE MAIDS OP TAUNTON.
^ NEXTday wus made
. remarkable in our
, ‘s by an event
; which, though doubt-
* of less iniport-
je than the en¬
listment of a dozen
reemits, seemed to
us a very great tiling
indeed—namely, the
' m presentation to the Duke of the
// «* >i-*ui ^. inbroidered for him by
Susan ltlake’s schoolgirls. I
va- my.-i lf permitted to walk
with the girls on this occasion,
us if 1 had lieen one of them, though
a stranger to the place, and but
i newly arrived—such was tho kind-
I lie-- it Sasm Blake and her respect
I for the name of the learned and
I pious l)r. i inufort Eykin.
’A ' At nine of the clock the girls
it "h" w.iv I., carry the flags began
($11^ tn gather in the school-room. There
i all. but twelve only were
the pupils of Hiss Blake. The others were the
pupils of Mrs. Musgrave, another school-mistress in the town.
I remember not the names of all the girls, but some of them I
can still write down. One was Katharine Bovet, daughter
of Colonel Bovet: she it was who walked first and named
to the Duke those who followed; there was also Mary' Blake,
cousin of Susan, who was afterwards thrown into prison
with her cousin, but presently was pardoned. Miss Hueker,
daughter of Captain Hueker, the Master-Sergemakerwho enter¬
tained the Duke, was another; there were three daughters of
Captain Herring, two daughters of Mr. Thomas Baker, one of
Monmouth’s Privy Councillors: there was Mary Meade, the girl
who carried the fumous Golden Flag; and others whom I have
forgotten. When we were assembled, being dressed all in white,
and each maid wearing the Monmouth colours, we took our flags
and sallied forth. In the street there was almost as great a crowd
to look on ns the day before, when the Duke rode in; and, eer-
tuiuly, it was a very pretty sight to see. First marched a man
playing on the crowd very briskly; after him, one who heat a
tabor, and one who played a fife; so that we had music on our
march. When the music stopped, we lifted our voices and
sang a Psalm all together; that done, the Crowder began again.
As for the procession, no one surely had ever seen the like
of it! After the music wnlked eix-and-twenty maids, the
youngest eight and the eldest not more than twelve. They
marched two by two, very orderly, all dressed in white with
blue favours, and every girl currying in her hands a flag of
silk embroidered by herself, assisted by Miss Blake or some
other older person, with devices appropriate to the nature of
the enterprise in hand. For one flag had upon it, truly figured
in Bearlet silk, an open Bible, because it was for liberty to read
and expound that booktliat the men were going forth to light.
Upon another was embroidered a great cross; upon a third
were the arms of the Duke; a fourth bore upon it, to show the
zeal of the people, the arms of the town of Taunton; and a
fifth had both a Bible and a drawn sword; and so forth, every
one with a legend embroidered upon it plain for all to read.
The flags were affixed to stout white staves, and as the maids
walked apart from each other and at a due distance, the flags
all flying in the wind, made a pretty sight indeed; so that some
of the women who looked on shed tears. Among the flags was
one which I needs must mention, because, unless the device
was communicated by some person deep in the Duke’s counsels,
it most strangely jumped with the event of the following
day. Mary Meade, poor child ! carried it. We called it the
Golden Flag, because it had a crown worked in gold thread
upou it and the letters “,J.R.” A fringe of lace was sewn
round it, so that it was the richest flag of all. What could the
Crown with the letters “J.It."mean; but that James, Duke
of Monmouth, would shortly assume the Crown of these three
kingdoms'
Lust of all walked Miss Susan Blake, and I by lier side.
She bore in one hand a Bible bound in red leather stumped
with gold, and in the other a naked sword.
The Duke came forth to meet us, standing bareheaded
before the porch. There were standing beside and behind him,
the Lord Grey, his two chaplains, Dr. Hooke and Mr. Ferguson,
my father, Mr. Larke, the Baptist minister of Lyme Regis
(he wore a corslet and carried a sword), and the Colonels of his
regiments. His bodyguard were drawn up across the street,
looking brave and splendid in their new favours. The varlcts
waited beyond with the horses for the Duke’s party. Who, to
look upon the martial array, the bravery' of the Guard, the
gallant bearing of all, the confidence in their looks, and the
presence, which should surely bring a blessing, of the ministers
of religion, would think that all this pomp and promise could
be shattered at a single blow ?
As each girl advanced in her turn, she knelt on one knee
and offered her flag, bowing her head (we had practised this
ceremony several times at the school until we were all quite
perfect in our parts). Then the Duke stepped forward and
raised her, tenderly kissing her. Then she stood aside holding
her flag still in her hands.
My turn—because I had no flag—came last but one, Miss
Susan Blake being the last. Now—I hope it was not folly, or
a vninglorious desire to be distinguished by any particular
notice of his Grace—I could not refrain from hanging the ring,
which the Duke had given me at Ilchester five years ago, out¬
side my dress by a blue ribbon. Miss Blake, to whom 1 had
told the story of tho ring, advised me to do so, partly to show
my loyalty to the Duke, and partly because it was a pretty
thing and one which some women would much desire to
possess.
Miss Katharino Bovet informed the Duke that I was tho
daughter of the learned preacher. Dr. Comfort Eykin. When
I knelt he raised me. Then, as he was about to salute me, his
eyes fell upon the ring, and he looked first at me and then at
the ring.
“Madam,” ho said, “this ring I ought to know. If I
mistake not, there are the initials of ‘ J. S.’ upon it?”
11 Sir,” I replied, “ the ring was your own. Your Grace
was so good os to bestow it upon me in your progress through
the town of Hchester, five years ago.”
“ Gad so! ” he said, laughing; “ I remember now. ’Twos
a sweet and lovely child whom I kissed — and now thou art a
sweet and lovely maiden. Art thou truly the daughter of
Dr. Comfort Eykin r ”—he looked behind him ; but my father
•Ml hiyku Jtwnnd.
neither heard nor attended, being wrapped in thought. " Tis
strange: his daughter ! ’Tis indeed wonderful that such a
child should ”-Here he stopped. “ Fair Rose of Somerset
I called thee then. Fair Rose of Somerset I call thee again.
Why, if I could place thee at the head of my army all England
would certainly follow, as if Helen of Troy or Queen Venus
herself did lead.” So lie kissed me on the cheek with much
warmth—more, indeed, than was necessary to show a gracious
and friendly goodwill; and suffered roe to step aside. “ Dr.
Eykin’8 daughter! ” he repeated, with a kind of wonder.
“ How could Dr. Eykin have such a daughter! ”
When X told Robin of this gracious sulutation he first
turned very red and then he laughed. Then he said that
everybody knew the Duke, but he must not attempt any Court
freedoms' in the Protestant camp; and if he were to try-
then he broke off short, changed colour again, and then he
kissed me, saying that, of course, the Duke meant nothing but
kindliness, but that, for his own part, he desired not his
sweetheart to be kissed by anybody but himself. So I suppose
mv boy was jealous. But the folly of being jealous of so great
a 'Prince, who could not possibly have tlie least regard for a
simple country maiden, and who had known the great and
beautiful Court ladies .' It made me laugh to think that Robin
could be so foolish as to be jealous of the Duke.
Then it was Miss Susan Blake’s turn. She stepped forward
very briskly, and knelt down and placed the Bible in the
Duke’s left hand and the sword in his right.
“ Sir,” she said (speaking the words we had made up and
she had learned), “it is in the name of the women of Taun¬
ton—nay, of the women of all England—that I give you the
Book of the Word of God, the most precious treasure vouch¬
safed to man, so that all may learn that you are come for no
other purpose than to maintain the right of the English people
to search the Scriptures for themselves. X give you also, Sir,
a sword with which to defend those rights. In addition, Sir, the
women can only give your Grace the offering of their continual
prayers in behalf of the Cause, and for the safety and prosperity
of your Highness nnd your army.”
“ Madam,” said the Duke, much moved by this spectacle
of devotion, “ I am come, believe me, for no other purpose
than to defend the truths contained in this book, and to seal
my defence with my blood, if that need be.”
Then the Duke mounted and -we marched behind him in
single file, each girl led by a soldier, till we came to the camp,
when our flags were taken from us and we returned home and
took off our white dresses. I confess that I laid mine down
with a sigh. White becomes every maiden, and my only wear
till then had been of russet brown. And all that day we acted
over again—in our talk and in our thoughts—our beautiful
procession, and we repeated the condescending words of the
Duke, and admired the graeiousness of his kisses, and praised
each other for our admirable behaviour, and listened, with
pleasure unspeakable, while Susan Blake prophesied that we
should become immortal by the ceremony of that day.
CHAPTER XIX.
KINO MONMOUTH AND HIS CAMP.
Next day, the town being thronged with people and the young
men pressing in from all quarters to enrol themselves (over
four thousand joined the colours at Taunton alone), another
proclamation was read—that, namely, by which the Duke
claimed the throne. Many opinions have been given as to this
step. For the Duke’s enemies maintain—first, that his mother
was never married to King Charles the Second (indeed, there
is no doubt that the King always denied the marriage); next,
that an illegitimate sou could never be permitted to sit upon
the ancient throne of this realm ; and, thirdly, that in usurp¬
ing the Crown the Duke broke faith with his friends, to whom
he had solemnly given his word that he would not put forward
any such pretensions. Nay, some have gone so far as to
allege that he was not the son of Charles at all, but of some
other whom they even name; and they have pointed
to his face as showing no resemblance at all to that
swarthy and gloomy-looking King. On the other hand,
the Duke’s friends say that there were in his hands clear
proof of the marriage; that the promise given to his
friends was conditional, and one which could set be aside by
circumstances; that the country gentry, to whom a Republic
was most distasteful, were afraid that he designed to re¬
establish that form of government; and, further, that his
friends were all fully aware, from the beginning, of his
intentions.
On these points I know nothing; but when a tiling has been
done, it is idle to spend time in arguing that it was well or ill
done. James, Duke of Monmouth, was now James, King of
Great Britain and Ireland; and if we were all rebels before,
who had risen in the name of religion mid liberty, I suppose
we were all ten times as much rebels now, when we had, in
addition, set up another King, aud declared King James to be
an usurper, and no more than the Duke of York. Nay, that
there might be wanting no single circumstance of aggravat ion,
it was in this Proclamation declared that the Duke of York had
caused his brother, the late King, to be secretly poisoned. I
know not what foundation exists for this accusation; but I have
been told that it gave offence unto many, and that it was an
ill-advised thing to say.
The Proclamation was read aloud at the Market Cross by
Mr. Tyley, of Taunton, on the Saturday morning, before a
great concourse of people. It ended with the words, “We
therefore, the noblemen, gentlemen, and Commons at present
assembled, in the names of ourselves and of all the loyal and
Protestant noblemen, gentlemen, and Commons of England,
ill pursuance of our duty and allegiance, and for the deliver¬
ing of the Kingdom from Popery, tyranny, and oppression, do
recognise, publish, aud proclaim the said high and mighty
Prince James, Duke of Monmouth, as lawful and rightful
Sovereign and King, by the name of James II., by the grace
of God, King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland,
Defender of the Faith. God save the Kixo ! ”
After this the Duke was always saluted as King, prayed for
as King, and styled “ His Majesty.” He also touched some (as
only the King' can do) for the king’s-evil, and. it is said,
wrought many miracles of healing—a thing which, being
noised abroad, should have strengthened the faith of the
people in him. But the malignity of our enemies caused these
cases of healing to be denied, or else explained as fables and
inventions of the Duke’s friends.
Among the accessions of this day was one which I cannot
forbear to mention. It was that of an old soldier who had
been one of Cromwell’s captains, Colonel Basset by name. He
rode in—beinga man advanced in years, yet still strongand hale—
at the head of a considerable company raised by himself. 'Twas
hoped that his example would be followed by the adhesion of
many more of Cromwell's men, but the event proved other¬
wise. Perhaps, being old Republicans, they were deterred by
the Proclamation of Monmouth as King. Perhaps they had
grown slothful with age, and were now unwilling to face once
more the dangers and fatigues of a eampuign. Another
recruit was the onee-famous Colonel Perrot, who had been
engaged with Colonel Blood in the robbery of the Crown
Jewels—though the addition of a robber to our tinny was not
a matter of pnde. He came, it was afterwards said, because
he was desperate, his fortunes broken, and with no other hope
than to follow the fortunes of the Duke.
It became known in the course of the day that the army
was to march on the Sunday. Therefore, everybody on
Saturday evening repaired to the camp: some to bid farewell
und Godspeed to their friends, and others to witness the
humours of a camp. I was fortunate in having Robin for a
companion and protector—the place being rough and the
behaviour and language of the men coarse even beyond wlmt
one expects at a country fair. The recruits still kept pouring
in from all parts; but, as I have already said, many were
disheartened when they found that there were no arms, and
went home again. They were not all riotous and disorderly.
Some of the men, those, namely, who were older and more
sober-minded, we found gathered together in groups, earnestly
engaged in conversation.
“They are considering the Proclamation,” said Robin.
“Truly, we did not expect that our Duke would so soon
become King. They say he is illegitimate. What then ? Let
him mount the throne by right of arms, as Oliver Cromwell
could have done had he pleased—who asks whether Oliver was
illegitimate or no? The country will not have another
Commonwealth—and it will no longer endure a Catholic King.
Let us have King Monmouth, then : who is there better ? ”
In all the camp there was none who spoke with greater
cheerfulness and confidence than Robin. Yet he did not
disguise from himself that there might be warm work.
“The King’s troops,” he said, “are closing in all round
us. That is certain. Y’et, even if they all join we are still
more numerous and in much better heart; of that I am
assured. At Wellington, the Duke of Albemarle commands
the Devonshire Militia ; Lord Churchill is at Chard with the
Somerset Regiment; Lord Bath is reported to be marching
upon us with the Comishmeu; the Duke of Beaufort hath the
Gloucester Militia at Bristol; Lord Pembroke is at Chippenham
with the Wiltshire Trainbands; Lord Feversham is on the
march with the King’s standing army. What then ? are these
men Protestants or are they Papists ? Answer me that, Sweet¬
heart.”
Alas ! had they been true Protestants there would have
been such an answer as would have driven King James across
the water three years sooner.
The camp was now like a fair, only much finer and bigger
than any fair I have ever seen. That of Lyme Regis could not
be compared with it. There were booths where they sold
gingerbread, cakes, ale, and eider; Monmouth favours for the
recruits to sew upon their hats or sleeves ; shoes aud stockings
were sold in some, and even chap-books were displayed. There
was a puppet show with Patient Grizzle ; nnd a stand where a
monkey danced. Men and women carried about in baskets last
year’s withered apples, with Kentish cobs and walnuts; there
were booths where they fried sausages and roasted pork all day
long; tumblers and clowns were performing in others ; pointed
nnd dressed-up girls danced in others; there was a bull-baiting;
a man was making a fiery oration on the Duke’s proclamation :
but 1 saw no one preaching a sermon. There were here aud
there companies of country lads exercising with pike and
halbert; and others, more advanced, with the loading aud
firing of their muskets. There were tables at which
sat men with cards and dice, gambling: shouting when
they won and cursing when they lost; others, of more
thrifty mind, sat on the ground practising their trade
of tailor or cobbler—thus losing no money, though they
did go soldiering; some polished weapons and sharpened
swords, pikes, aud scythes; nowhere did we find any reading
the Bible, or singing of hymns, or listening to sermons. Save
for the few groups of sober men of whom I have spoken, the
love of amusement carried all away; aud the officers of the
army, who might have turned them back to sober thought,
were not visible. Everywhere noise; everywhere beating of
drums, playing of pipes, singing of songs, bawling and laugh¬
ing. Among the men there ran about a number of saucy
gipsy girls, tlieir brown faces showing under red kerchiefs,
their black eyes twinkling (truly they are pretty creatures to
look upon when they are young; but they have no religion,
and say of themselves that they have no souls). These girls
talked with each other in their own language, which none out
of their own nation—except the tinker-folk, who are said to
be their cousins—understand. But English they talk very
well, and they are so clever that, it is said, they will talk to a
Somersetshire man in good broad Somerset, and to a man of
Norfolk in his own speech, though he of Norfolk would not
understand him of Somerset.
“They are the vultures,” said Robin, “who follow for
prey. Before the battle these women cajole the soldiers out
of their money, and after the battle their men rob and even
murder the wounded and plunder the dead.”
Then one of them ran aud stood before us.
“ Let me tell thy fortune, handsome gentleman? Let me
tell thine, fair lady ? A sixpence or a groat to cross my pahn,
Captain, and you shall know all that is to happen.”
Robin laughed, but gave her sixpence.
“ Look me in the face, fair lady ”- slie spoke good, plain
English, this black-eyed wench, though but u moment before
she had been talking broad Somerset to a young recruit—
“ look me in the face; yes. All is not smooth. 1 le loves you;
but there will l>e separation nnd trouble. One comes between,
a big man with a red face; he parts you. There is a wedding,
I see your Ladyship plain. Why. you nre crying at it, you
cry all the time; but I do not see this gentleman. Then there
is another wedding—yes, another-aud I see you at both.
You will be twice married. Y’et. be of good heart, fair lady.”
She turned away nnd ran after another couple, no doubt
with much the same tale.
“ How should there be a wedding,” I asked, “ if I am
there and you not there, Robin—and I to be crying? And
how could I—oh ! Robin—how could I he married twice ? ”
“ Nay, Sweetheart, she could not tell what wedding it was.
She only uttered the gibberish of her trade; I am Borry that I
wasted a sixpence upon her.”
“ Robin, is it magic that they practise—these gipsies? Do
they traffic with the Devil ? We ought not to suffer witches to
live amongst us.”
“ Most are of opinion that they hove no other magic than
the art of guessing, which they learn to do very quickly
putting things together, from their appearance; so that if
brother and sister walk out together they are taken to be
lovers, and promised a happy marriage and many children."
That may be so, and perhaps the fortune told by this gipsy
was only guess-work. But I cannot believe it; for the event
proved that she had in reality possessed an exact knowledge of
what was about to happen.
Home of the gipsy women—but these were the older women,
who had lost their good looks, though not their impudence—
were singing songs, and those, as Robin told me, songs not fit
to be sung; and one old crone, sitting before her tent beside a
roaring wood-fire over which hung a great saucepan, sold
charms against shot and steel. The lads bought these greedily,
giving sixpence apiece for them ; so that the old witch must
have made a sackful of money. They came and looked on
shyly. Then one would say to the other, “ What thinkest,
>
>
>
282
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 8, 1888
lad? Is there aught in it?” And the other would say,
‘ Truly, I know not; but she is a proper witch, and I ’ll buy
one. We may have to fight. Best make sure of a whole skin.’’
And so he bought one, and then all bought. The husbands of
the gipsy women were engaged, meantime, we understood, in
robbing the farm-yards in the neighbourhood, the blame being
afterwards laid upon our honest soldiers.
Then there was u ballad-monger singing a song about a
man and a broom, and selling it (to those who would buy)
printed on a long slip of paper. The first lines were —
There was an old man and he lived in a wood,
And his trade it was making a broom,
but I heard no more, because ltobin hurried me away. Then
there were some who had drank too mueli eider or beer, and were
now reeling about with stupid fac es and glassy eyes ; there were
some who were lying speechless or asleep upon'the grass; and
some were cooking supper over fires after the manner of the
gipsies.
“I have seen enough, ltobin,” I said. “Alas for sacred
Religion if these arc her defenders! ”
“ ’Tis always so,” said ltobin, “ in time of war. We must
encourage our men to keep up their hearts. Should we be con¬
stantly reminding them that to-morrow half of them may be
lying dead on the battle-field ? Then they would mope and
hang their heads, and would presently desert.”
“ One need not preach of death, but one should preach of
godliness and of sober joy. Look but at those gipsy wenches
and those lads rolling about drunk. Are these things decent?
If they escape the dangers of war, will it make them happy to
look back upon tile memory of this camp ? Is it fit preparation
to meet tlieir Maker?”
“ In times of peace, sweet Saint, these lads remember
easily that in the midst of life we are in death, and they
govern themselves accordingly. In times of war every man
hopes for his own part to escape with a whole skin, though
his neighbour fall. That is why we are all so blithe and
jolly. Let us now go home, before the night falls and the
mirth becomes riotous and unseemly.”
We passed a large booth, whence there issued sounds of
singing. It was a roofless inclosure of canvas. Some ale¬
house man of Taunton had set it up. Robin drew aside the
canvas door.
“ Look in,” he suid. “ See the brave defenders of Religion
keeping up their hearts.”
It was furnished with benches and rough tables : at one end
were casks. The benches were crowded with soldiers, every
man with a pot before him, and the varlets were running
backwards and forwards with cans of ale and cider. Most of
the men were smokiDg pipes of tobacco, and they were singing
a song which seemed to have no end. One bawled the lilies,
and when it came to tile “ Let the hautboys play 1 ” and the
“ Huzza ! ” they all roared out together:—
Now, now, the Duke’s health.
And let the hautboys play,
While the troops ou their march shall
Huzza! huzza ! huzza 1
Now, now, the Duke’s health,
And let the hautboys play,
While the drums and the trumpets sound from the shore
Huzza huzzahuzza!
They sang this verse several times over. Then another began—
Now, now, Lord Grey's health.
And let the hautboys play,
While the troops on their inarch shall
Hmca! huzza! huzza!
Now, now, Lord Grey’s health,
And let the hautboys play.
While the drums and the trumpets sound from the shore
Huzza! huzza! huzza!
Next a third voice took it up— .
Now, now, the Colonel's health,
And let the hautboys play,
and then n fourth and a fifth, and the last verse was bawled as
lustily mid with so much joy that one would have thought the
mere singing would have gotten them the victory. Men are
so made, I suppose, that they cannot work together without
singing and music to keep up their hearts. Sailors sing when
they weigh anchor; men who unlade ships sing its they carry
out the bales; even Cromwell’s Ironsides could not march in
silence, but sang Psalms as they marched.
The sun was set and the twilight falling when we left the
camp: mid there was no abatement of the roaring and singing,
but rather an increase.
“They will go on,” said Robin, “until the drink or their
money gives out; then they will lie down and sleep. You
have now seen our ramp, Sweetheart. It is not, truth to say, as
decorous as a conventicle, nor is the talk so godly as in Sir
Christopher’s hall. For rough fellows there must be rough
play; in a month these lads will be veterans ; the singing will
have grown stale, to them ; the black-eyed gipsy-women will
have no more power to charm away tlieir money; they will
understand the meaniug of war; the camp will be sober if it
is not religious.”
So we walked homewards, I, for my part, saddened to
think in what a spirit of riot these young men, whom I had
pictured so full of godly zeal, were preparing to meet the
chance of immediate death and judgment.
“ Sweet,” said Robin, “I read thy thoughts in thy troubled
eyes. Pray for us. Some wiU fight none the worse for
knowing that there are good women who pray for them.”
We were now back in the town; the streets were still full
of people, and no one seemed to think of bed. Presently we
passed the Castle Inn ; the windows were open, and we could
see a great company of gentlemen sitting round a table on which
were randies lit and bowls full of strong drink; nearly every
man hod his pipe at his lips mid his glass before him, and one
of them was singing to the accompaniment of a guitar. Their
faces were red and swollen, as if they had taken too much.
At one end of the table sat Humphrey. What? could
Humphrey, too, be a reveller with the rest? His fuce, which
was gloomy, and Ills eyes, which were sad, showed that lie
was not.
“The officers have supped together,” said Robin. “It
may be long before we get such good quarters again. A cup
of hipsy and a song in good fellowship, thou wilt not grudge
so much ? ”
“ Nay,” 1 said, “ ’tis all of a piece. Like man, like master.
Officers and men alike—all drinking and singing. Is there not
one good man in all the army ? ”
As I spoke one finished a song at which all laughed,
except Humphrey, and drammed the table with their fists and
shouted.
Then one who seemed to be the president of the table
turned to Humphrey.
“Doctor,” he said, “thou wilt not drink, thou dost not
laugh, and tliou hast not sung. Thou must be tried by court-
martial, and the sentence of the court is a brimming glass of
punch or a song.”
> “Tliiii, gentlemen,” said Humphrey, smiling, “I will
give you a song. But blame me not if you mislike it; I made
the song ill praise of the sweetest woman in the world.” He
took the guitar and struck the strings. When lie began to
sing my cheeks flamed and my breath came and went, for 1
knew the song; he hud given it to me four years agone. Who
was the sweetest woman in the world ? Oh! he made this
song for me!—he made this song for me, and none but me !
But these rude revellers would not know that—and I never
guessed that the song was for me. How could 1 think that he
would write these cxtnivaguueies for me ? But poets cunnot
mean what they say—
As rides the moon in azure skies,
The twinkling stain beside;
Ah when iu splendour she doth rise,
All urn-egarded other maidens be.
As Helen in the town of Troy
Shone fair beyond all thought,
That to behold her was a joy
By death too poorly bought.
So, when fair Celia deigns the lawn to grace.
All life, all joy, dwells in her lovely face.
As the sweet river floweth by
Green banks and alders tall.
It stayeth not for prayer or sigh,
Nor answereth if we call.
So Celia heeds not though Love cry and weep;
She heavenward wendeth while we earthward creep.
The marbled Saint, so cold and pure.
Hinds naught of earthly ways;
Nor can man’s gauds entice or Jure
That fixed heavenly gaze.
So, Celia, though thou Queen and Empress art,
To heaven, to heaven alone, belangs thy heart.
Now while Humphrey sang this song, a bush fell upon the
revellers; they liad expected nothing but a common drinking-
song. After the bawling and the noise and the ribaldry ’twas
like a breath of fresh air after the closeness of a prison; or like
a drink of pure water to one half dead with thirst.
“ Robin,” I said, “ there is one good man in the camp.” I
say that while II umphrey sang this song—which, to be sure,
was neither a drinking-song, nor a party song, nor a song of
wickedness and folly—the company looked at each other
in silence, and neither laughed nor offered to interrupt. Nay,
there were signs of grace in some of tlieir faces, which became
grave and thoughtful. When Humphrey finished it, he laid
down the guitar and rose up with a bow, saying, “ I have sung
my song, gentlemen all—and so, good-niglit! ” and walked
out of the room.
“ Robin,” I said again, “ thank God, there is one good man
in the camp! I had forgotten Humphrey.”
“ Yes,” Robin replied; “ Humphrey is a good mail, if ever
there was one. But he is glum. Something oppresses him.
His eyes are troubled, and he hangs his head; or if he laughs
at all, it is us if he would rather cry. Y'et all the way home
from Holland he was joyful, save when his head was held over
the side of the ship. He sang and laughed: he spoke of great
things about to happen. I have never known him more happy.
And now his face is gloomy, mid he sighs when lie thinks no
one watchetli him. Perhaps, like thee, Sweet, lie cannot abide
the noise and riot of the ramp. He would fain see every man
Bible in hand. To-day lie spent two hours with the Duke before
the Council, and was with thy father afterwards. ’T is certain
that the Duke hath great confidence in him. Why is he so
gloomy ? He bitterly reproached me for leaving Sir Christopher,
ns if he alone hod a conscience to obey or honour to remember! ’ ’
Humphrey ennui forth at this moment and stood for a
moment on the steps. Then he heaved a great sigli and walked
away slowly, with hanging head, not seeing us.
“ What is the matter with him? ” said Robin. “ Perhaps
they flout liiui for being a physician. These fellows have no
respect for learning or for anyone who is not a country gentle¬
man. W T cU, perhaps when we are ou the march lie will again
pick up his spirits. They are going to sing again. Shall we
go, Child?”
But the president called a name, which made me stop a
little longer.
“ Burnaby! ” he cried ; “jolly Captain Banniby ! Now that
Doctor Gravenirs hath left us we will begin the night, lfamnby,
my heio, thy song. Fill up, gentlemen! The night is young,
and to-nu rrow we march. Captain Burnaby, tip us a sea-song.
Silence, gentlemen, for the Captain’s song.”
It was my brother that they called upon—no other. He
got up from his place at the summons and rose to his feet.
Heavens ! what a broad man lie seemed compared with those
who sat beside him ! His face was red and his cheeks swollen
because of the strong drink he had taken. Ill his hand he
held a full glass of it. Robin called it hipsy—and it is a
mixture of wine, brandy, mid water with lemon juice and
sugar—very heady and strong.
.Said not Bamaby that there was one religion for a lands¬
man and another for a sailor? I thought of that ns he stood
looking round him. If it were so, it would be truly n happy
circumstance for most sailors; but I know not oil wlmt
assurance this belief can be argued. Then Bamnby waved his
hand.
“ Yoho! my lads! ” he shouted. “ The ship’s iu port and
tile crew has goue ashore !"
Then lie began to sing in a deep voice which made the
glasses ring—
Shut the door—look the door—
Out of window fling the key.
Hasten; bring me more, bring me more:
Fill it up. Fill it up for me.
The daylight which you think,
The daylight which you think,
The daylight which you think,
’Tis but the candle’s flicker :
The morning star will never wink,
The morning star will never wink.
Till there cometh stint of liquor.
For ’tis tipple, tipple, tipple all around the world, my lads,
And the sun in drink is nightly lapped and curled, my lads,
And to-night let us drink, and to-roorrow we’ll to sea ;
For ’tis tipple, tipple, tipple—yes, ’tis tipple, tipple, tipple—
Makes the world and us to jee.
‘‘Take me home, Bobin,” I said, “I have seen and heard
enough. Alas! we have need of all the prayers that we can
utter from the depths of our heart, and more ! ”
f To be continued.)
The twenty - seventh annual show of the Derbyshire
Agricultural and Horticultural Society has been held at Derby
under favourable auspices, the entries being numerous.
Norwich Castle, so long used as a prison, having been
acquired by the Corporation, will, at a cost of about £11,000,
be turned into a public museum, art gallery, &c. The greater
part of the money has been subscribed or promised, and it is
expected that the remainder will be speedily obtainable, and
that the alterations will shortly be proceeded with.
POSTAGE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
SEPTEMBER 8, 1888.
Subscribers will please to notice that copies of this week’s number forwarded
abroad must be preiwild according to the following ratesTo Canada,
United States of America, and the whole of Europe, Thick Edition,
Ticojyence-halfpenny; Til in Edition. One Penny. To Australia, Brazil,
Cape of Good Hope, China (viA United States), Jamaica, Mauritius, and
New Zealand, Thick Edition. Threepence; Thin Edition, One Penny.
To China (via Brindisi), India, and Java, Thick Edition, Fourpence-
halfpenny; Thin Edition, Three-halfpence.
Newspapers for foreign porta must be posted within eight days of the
date of publication, irrespective of the departure of the mails.
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
The Qneen has taken an opportunity, daring her recent visit
lo Glasgow, of again and very emphatically expressing her
sympathy with the higher education of women. Her Majesty
visited and received an address from the committee of Queen
Margaret's College, an institution which Mrs. John Elder, in
1884, presented to the Glasgow Association for the Higher
Education of Women. The average number of students
attending the college is 2.10. It is very pleasant to find
wealthy women aiding in so generous a manlier as Mrs. Elder
did in presenting the college in the education of girls. It is
quite clear that ill a generation or two the extreme inequality
inendowed and assisted education which now exists between girls
and hoys, and between young men and women, will be greatly
reduced. So soon as public opinion sanctions such provision
being made, generous and rich women are not wanting to
supply the needful funds. Leaving the luckless “ Holloway’s "
out of the question, Girton College has been the recipient of
various munificent donations from women—notably, one from
the late Mies Gamble, of Portland-piace, who made the college
her residuary legatee, and so provided it with over ten
thousand pounds, out of which a new wing was built. Mrs.
Abel Hevwood left an equal sum to the women’s classes of the
Owen’s College, provided the council will use it for that
purpose ; and Mrs. Elder’s gift to the Glasgow College has
been equally munificent. The approval accorded to such
efforts by the Queen cannot fail to give nn impetus to
the happy wave of female generosity which is bringing
higher education within the means of more and yet more
girls. The Queen's reply to the address from the College
included the following phrases :—“ It is a source of
gratification to me to hear of the success of Queen Margaret's
College ; every movement which tends to raise the position of
women and to extend the sphere of their usefulness has my
warm approval.”
So the movement for “ extending the sphere of useful¬
ness ” of women goes on, the time being ripe for it.
There is, no doubt, another side of the shield, and
some of the girls of the next generation may be dis¬
posed to envy their ancestresses who lived in quieter times;
who learned to read, write, and keep the simplest accounts,
and were then freed from ail obligation to study, and were not
expected to be any more highly cultivated. To whom much
is given, from them much is required; and it would be idle to
deny that the calm, domestic days led by our grandmothers
were in some respects enviable. But one cannot live out of
one's century, if one would ; whatever its peculiar strain and
effort, they must be borne as the price of its special advan¬
tages. Changed conditions have altered the position of women.
Steam has taken full half of our old domestic work away,
both by enabling manufactures to be best done on a large scale,
and by increasing the ease with which manufactured goods
can be conveyed to those who use them. Thus the work of
women is taken from the home, and women mast follow tlieir
work, and must in large numbers turn out of the domestic shelter
to find their vocation, in the varied duties of the wider world.
They must, then, be as well prepared aB may be for the battle
of life, and for the exercise in it of all their powers ; for the
more highly organised work in which women must now share
demands the exertion of many intellectual and moral as well
as physical capabilities that were little required in the more
routine, though equally arduous, duties of old-fashioned house¬
keeping. If the modern conditions of women's labour press
more hardly than older ones did on the idle, the feeble, and
the incapable—the remedy, and the only possible remedy, is to
reduce the number of such members of our sex, by improving
both body and mind by education—which is the object of
colleges for women.
Though this is the doll season in town, when the West-
End is almost deserted, when the squares are given over to care¬
takers and cats, when the shopkeepers condescend to be on the
watch for customers, and when hardly any but hack-carriages
are seen in the streets ; yet London is not without novelties.
There are none ill the world of fashion; bnt in those little
matters which form suitable presents to take home to friends
in the country there is as much that is fresh to be seen now, as
at any other season. Amongst the newest things is a fir-cone
brooch, the ornament itself being in gold, the series of little over¬
lapping plates of the precious metal giving exactly the natural
appearance, while the ease in which it lies, nestling in the blue
silk lining, is of leather, marked off to have a similar appear¬
ance. A novel development of the popular watch-Uranelet lias ihe
tiniest of time-keepers dangling from a very short and slender
chain, and looking as though it were the key of the padlock
centre of the narrow bangle that surrounds the wrist. Another
form of the same useful ornament is in silver, and is called a
wristlet; there is a narrow band of silver around the arm.
from which hangs a series of little chains of silver. On one
of these a sovereign-purse is intended to hang ; on another is
a little silver watch set in a deep socket; on another is a tiny
propelling pencil-case ; while a fourth is left free in order
to have attached to it any small parcel or other object
that it may be wished to carry. This is, in effect, having
a chatelaine on the wrist—a notion that oould only
commend itself to a person who liked display and
noise. A pretty brooch is in the form of a gold “ merry¬
thought ; ” one variety of this idea has a tiny bird in plain gold
perched on the lower branch, and another has the space
between the two halves filled in with the figures denoting this
year of grace. In novelties for table use is a sardine server,
with the holders shaped like two of the fish, fixed crosswise on
the ends of the sugar-tong-Iike prongs. Another is an egg-
boiler for table use, which will allow the mistress to prepare
the matutinal egg to the precise taste of each member of the
household, and to serve it up quite hot and fresh. The article
consists of a silver boiler shaped like an orange, opening in the
middle to take the water in which the egg9 cook. This vessel is
supported on the top of a tripod stand, at the bottom of which
is a ring with a little spirit-lamp upon it, that keeps the water
boiling. There is another variety of the some object in which
the boiler iB suspended by chains, like a gipsies kettle, from
the middle of a “three-stick” stand, with a separate little
support for the spirit-lamp beneath.
Mr. Oscar Wilde has now, I believe, edited the Woman's
World lor a year. The September number introduces a new
feature, which one is rather sorry to see. Hitherto, only
women have written in the pages of that magazine; this month
two contributions—a short poem and an article on tapestry
are signed with masculine names. Those contributions, how¬
ever, are hardly likely to be regarded as the Bpice or savouring
salt of the number, the gem of Which, to my thinking, is a
paper on “ Roman Women at the Beginning of the Empire,
by Miss Richardson, illustrated by two beautiful portraits
from antique busts. The view shown of the great influence
exercised by women in a time when law and custom straitly
forbad them not only power but even personal liberty, is most
striking, and the paper is written in an elevated yet picturesque
style befitting the stately subject. Other interesting articles
are Mrs. Cooper-Oakley’s “ Bonnets of the Reign,” “ Ouida's
on “ The Streets of London,” and a series of apophthegms by
the Queen of Roumania. Flobence Fenwick-MilLEB.
SEPT. 8, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LOUD OH NEWS
ENGLISH HOMES.
No. XV.
BUT Went-
worth — who
ever names him
without think¬
ing- of those
: ure 8, en-
their ex¬
pression into more
a than the majesty of an
antique Jupiter ; of
that brow, thpt eye.
that cheek, that lip,
therein, as in a chronicle, are written the events of many
srormy ami disastrous years, high enterprise accomplished,
frightful dangers braved, power unsparingly exercised,
suffering unshrinkingly borne: of that fixed look, so full of
severity, of mournful anxiety, of deep thought, of dauntless
resolution, which seems at once to forebode and to defy a
terrible fate, as it lowers on us from the living canvas of
Vandyke 1"
These are the famous words of Macaulay: and even thus
one might ask, Who ever names Wentworth House—the great
mansion in the south of York¬
shire. not far from clouded-
Sheffield—without at once
tl\inking of its sometime owner.
Thomas Wentworth, Earl of
Strafford : “ the one supremely
able man the King had ” in
his fatal struggle with the
Commons of England ?
Far back as we have any
records of its history, Went¬
worth VVoodhouse belonged to
Strafford’s ancestry. In the
days of Henvy III., William
de Wyntword of Wyntword
acquired the estate by his
marriage with Emma, daughter
of William Wodehous “ of
Wodehous ” — most likely a
real house of wood, an ancient
timber dwelling, dating per¬
haps from the Conquest. The
usual spelling of the name of
old was * ; VVinteworth ” ; and
so. they say. it is still pro¬
nounced locally—though I can¬
not say I noticed it. In
isday the namo is :
Golden Thomas.’’ It
•aItli to have paid with it
alight of the Bath : more
ed from the King in l.Yis,
his bonnet in the Royal
ruled houses of
i, liis wealth gained him tin
seems an odd employment of this
a fine that he might not be made
reasonable was the license he obt
that, being infirm, he might w
The younger branches of the family ft
their own; there were the Wentworths of Xi
Elmsal, of Bretton, of Wentworth Castle—also ir
and of Nettlested, in Suffolk. Tin's last family
of Cleveland and Barons Wentworth.
But the eldest branch achieved the highest 1:
first Baronet was a powerful and wealthy man
and heir took every way'of advancement, moving
till ho died, said Clarendon, “ the greatest snliji.^.. ... t ,~„...
and little inferior to any in fortune, that was at that time in
any of the three kingdoms.' 1
We need not take it that he advanced by base means. There
is nothing low in the face that Vandyke shows us : it was no
vulgar man who wrote that last letter, in which lie urged his
o-.v.i death upon the King. But of Wentworth's enormous
ambition there can hardly be a doubt; and his motto was
‘•Thorough” ; and we find that eyery step he took, bore him
higher, either ia fame, or power, or wealth.
He was married twice—first to the Lady Margaret Clifford,
daughter of the Earl of Cumberland, and connected with many
of the greatest English houses ; and, in 1(124, two years after her
“ eat “. to Arabella Holies (sister of Denzil), the daughter of
Ilf) ° f C!are - Thus, each time he married “ well,” as it is
called; but each seems to have been a marriage of affection,
and his exceeding grief at the death, in childbirth, of bis
second wife is on record, as is the sympathy then shown for
liked' 1 * ^*° *° wn where he seems to have been greatly
Jet the early records of his quiet life at Wentworth show
that he was determined to be first, wherever he was, at what-
cver cost. Clarendon mentions his rivalry with “ the old Lord
baville, ’ whom he defeated, and succeeded as Custos of the
itolls for the West Riding ; nor rested " till he had bereaved
him of all place and power in Court, and so sent him down, a
■““stnkject, disconsolate old man, to his conntry.'’
With this masterful spirit, ;t is not surprising that he made
enemies ; and a more curious evidence of
this than any of Clarendon’s direct words
is given by the index to the “ History of
the Rebellion." Here we find, in entry
after entry nnder the head of “Went¬
worth,” Earl Holland hostile to him—Sir
H. Vane, his implacable enemy — Earls
Essen and Hollaiul his enemies, and why _
Army incensed against him—Lord Savilc his
hitter enemy—Queen hostile, to him — Sir
T. Hotham liis enemy—Earl of Southampton
not his friend. Perhaps in all his quarrels
he was right; yet, in any ease, ivhat a
talent for quarrelling 1
He came of age in 1614, and in the
same year, on his father’s death, succeeded
to the estate. Here he mainly lived—
it was fourteen years before Parliament took up any great
share of his time—and kept np a stately hospitality, in the
great red-bricked house of which soma part still stands. He
entertained largely ; and, apart from guests, his ordinary
household numbered sixty-four. He always loved the life of
a country gentleman. Much later, when he was ruling
Ireland with an iron hand, he found time to order minutely
the affairs of his home estate ; and wrote then of his love of
rural peace, remembering, no doubt, the life he had described
ten years before, when he wrote to Sir George Calvert “ Our
ohjects and thoughts are limited in looking upon a tulip,
hearing a bird sing, a rivulet murmuring, or some petty yet
innocent pastimes.”
He entered Parliament in 1620—he was elected, on Christ¬
mas Day, knight of the shire for the county of York—and at
once took an active part as a friend of the people, a strong
opponent of the unlimited monarchy of the Stuarts. This
Parliament did not live long, nor did the next (in which he
sat for Pontefract) ; but Sir Thomas Wentworth was already
an opponent so powerful that the King was glad to keep him
out of the Parliament of 1627 by making him Sheriff of liis
county.
But in this same year came a motive for the strongest
i spelling “ Wintren.
which perhaps suggests a true
derivation from *• winter.’’
And here lived the Went- i
worths of Wentworth Wood-
house, and inherited the house
anil lands, in Tegular male sue- 1
cession, from the time of Henry
III. to that of Charles II.
Eleven William Wentworths
held rule here without a break ; |
and then came a series of alter¬
nate—or very nearlyalternate—
Williams and Thomases, which
lasted till, on the death of Straffoi
property passed to the children of his daughtei
Among these earlier Wentworths were some good fighting-
men. Best known to fame, and something of a " character *’
in his way, was the second Sir Thomas, who flourished—and
that, greatly—in the days of Henry VIII. His bravery at the
Battle of the Spurs won him the honour of kn:
without issue, the public
Tow n e°r W hni E ” e wffh 0f y °" r * xoeedin 2 f“™ure." And so, ou
delTvered'his head to theblock!” ° f “ ind ’
1 b . 5 “ tnl’ a 1 , ftmi ? ble we! * man, died childless in 1695
maS Edward!‘^econd^lhurm " h ° ^
atf ^
a Rockingham : Charles Watson Wentworth, first MaroniA
An honourable, pleasant, simple man— marquis.
Gontic, intrepid, gen-rous, mild, and Just,
says his epitaph—but of no very commanding abilities, he was
a singular contrast to the mighty Strafford. Yet be as
twice Prime Minister of England-the second time with
7J.ll 0t l0 "S-? 0lltinue d Power, bad not his sudden
wret the fi r ° W ” f^ 1 h ? C8 .-, Bnike ’ his intimate friend,
wrote the fine Character” which is engraved in I he
mausoleum which we shall pass before we leave tho park bv
its southern gate, for Rotherham. On the other hand 'one
remembers the epigram of a wit of the Opposition party
truth —if tho people ran hear without shocking •ciu—
That the Nation s wsloep, anil the Minister's Rock-iny 'em.
Quitting the Prime Minister till we reach his mausoleum
we come to the line of the Fitzwilliams, still holding rule
here. The third Earl of Fitzwilliam married Lord Rocking¬
ham's daughter, and thus came to inherit Wentworth ; 1 ut Ids
family had been landowners in this immediate neighbour¬
hood—at Sprotborongh, only some ten miles off—as long ago
as the eleventh century. One good-hearted Sir Willialn
Fitzwilliam of those early daj-s set np in the High-street of
Sprotborongh a cross, with these words engraven on brass—
' 33:11)000 it fiuiigrs. anil lists lo ratr,
lift Dim roint to Sprotburgli to Ids niratr;
21 it!) for a night, an!) for a hop.
Jtlis hoist skull fjobr both rom anti fun;,
aith no man shall ask him totjfrt hr gorth a toon.
But as the days went by i__.
the cross was pulled down.
grew less hospitable, and in 1520
m. Like Hampden, Wentworth refused to pay
Jus share of the forced loan demanded by the King. He was
imprisoned in the Marshalsea, and afterwards was ordered to
keep within the town or neighbourhood of Hartford. By
Christmastime, however, he was free : and early in lt>28 once
more sat for Yorkshire in the House of Commons.
And then—then came the sudden change, which has made
tho Character of Wentworth one of the hardest riddles in
history. .Macaulay and others attribute it to sheer venality :
the King tempted him, and he fell: the King paid a high
price, and bought him, body and soul. (And it is true that,
as early as July in this year, < 'harles's former enemy was made
a Peer, Baron Wentworth of Wentworth-Woodhousc; on
Dec. 10 he was created Viscount Wentworth : he was soon
made a Privy Councillor. Lord Lieutenant of the county of
York, and Lord President of the North.)
Mr, Gardiner gives him credit for honesty, maker, him a
kind of Girondist—though a Girondist with the will of a
Cromwell. And. as has been said, no bas6 mail could have
written that final letter to the King ; as no altogether worthy
man could have ruled Ireland as he ruled it, or have said—
when Hampden, his friend of old. refused to pay ship-money
till he was lawfully bidden—“ He should be whipt into hia
senses : and if the rod be so used that it smart not, I am the
From whatever motive, Wentworth was the mainstay of
the King’s cause during the next twelve years, as Lord Presi¬
dent of the North. Lord-Deputy of Ireland, Lieutenant-General
of the army against the Scots: and was rewarded with titles
and great wealth. In 1(540 he was made Baron Ruby, of Raby
Castle : he was Earl of Strafford, a Knigbt of the Garter, and
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
But hia measure was full. In the first year of the Long
Parliament one of the earliest measures of the House of
Commons was his impeachment before the Lords. Then
followed that famous trial in Westminster Hall, when for
eighteen days he defended himself against the mightiest
opponents in England ‘‘with all imaginable dexterity,
answering this and evading that with all possible skill and
eloquence.” He was nob condemned till a Bill of Attainder
was passed—and his Royal master signed it: moved thereto,
perhaps, by the noble letter which, with any other King, one
thinks, should have pleaded most eloquently for him. “ Sir,”
wrote Strafford, " my consent shall more acquit you herein to
God, than all the world can doe besides. To a willing man there
is no injury done. And as by God's grace I forgive all the
world with a calmness and meekness of infinite contentment
to my dislodging soule, so, Sir, to you can I give the life of
this world with all the cheerfulness imaginable ; in the just
History tells ns of some
sixteen William Fitzwilliams,
and four Johns, in the direct
line; many of them men of
note, and one—the William of
Elizabeth’s day—Lord Deputy
of Ireland five times, for four
and thirty years. His grand¬
son was raised to the Peerage
of Ireland ; and a descendant,
fourth Earl Fitzwilliam,
achieved the rare feat of
making himself beloved as
Lord Lieutenant— as we shall
see in due pi nee. The great
grandsonof this fourth Earl—
William Thomas Wentworth
Spencer Fitzwilliam, seventh
Earl Fitzwilliam—whose
golden wedding is this week to
he celebrated, now holds rule at
Wentworth Wood home ; of
which house, and the park
about it, the things to he seen
therein and the way thereto,
some account must now he
t given.
The nearest way to Went¬
worth is to take the train from
i Sheffield to the little station
I at ChapMtown, whence the
| house is hut two miles’ walk—
I the two longest miles, though,
i that I recollect to have met.
(Or yon can go from Pother-
ham, whence it is a four-mile
drive.)
It is a pleasant journey, by
reason of itscontrasts. Yon como
I out from the terrible smoke-
cloud of Sheffield, pierced by its
thousands of fall chimneys, and
pass the little red houses just
beyond, quite pert and shiny in the sunlight, with the great
slope of Wincobank high above them ; and quickly you are in
the green country, a land of hills and dales, with tall trees
bordering the little fields, and everywhere houses dotted about
and signs of humanity. You are in the ancient woodland
that Robin Hood (andWalter Scott) have made famous for us:
for here “ in that pleasant district of merry England which is
watered by the Don, there extended in ancient times a large
forest, covering the greater part of the hills and valleys
which lie between Sheffield and the pleasant town of Don¬
caster. The remains of this extensive wood are still to be
seen at the noble seats of Wentworth, of Wharncliffe Park,
and around Rotherham.” This, indeed, was of old Sherwood
Forest; it was here that Garth and Wamba talked, as the sun
was setting in a cloudless sky.
It is a smoky country now, though a picturesque; the
roads are
grey, and the
houses dirty,
and even in
the Park it¬
self, eight
miles from
Sheffield (and
four from its
murky neigh¬
bour Rother¬
ham). 0410
seems to taste
the smoke in
the air, and
November
brings fogs
quite worthy
of London.
Yet you are
among the
hills, and
there is a
fresh wind
blowing, and
you have
varying views
of wood and
slope; passing by the first lodge,* uphill along a grey road
between the fields, you catch always a glimpse of water, or of
a high church on a round-topped hill, or a line of dark wood
along the ridge, across the valley on your right.
To the Park itself there are high iron gates, with no belL
284
TTTE TLLTTKTTtATED LONDON NEWS
TUB MCTCIUS UiLLLEUY.
Immediately above this hall is the
saloon, into which the grand portico loads;
indeed a noble room—square, lofty, and
very spacious and bright. Bound it aro
yellow pillars of scagliola, but all the rest
is white ; a marble floor, white walls, with
recesses in which statues stand, and, higher
up, a gallery running round the room. Red
curtains to the windows—that look across
the wide sweep of lawn and distant hill
almost into Nottinghamshire—and great
vases of a deep bine-green give colour, so
that the saloon does not look cold or bare ;
all is stately and satisfying, as in the great
room of a great house it should he.
Turning from this room to the next on
the right, even in the doorway you see, face
to face to you, the famous picture of the
great man of the house, Vandyke’s Straf¬
ford. What strikes one in the massive,
thoughtful face, is its enormous seme.
Looking at the splendid lofty brow—fine as
that of some Elizabethan poet, of Beaumont
or Jonson—one can believe in the power of
eloquence for which Wentworth was un¬
rivalled ; but the quality that comes home
to one is the practical sagacity of the states¬
man, the grasp of men and things. It is
the faoo of a master, indeed ; one looks back
upon it again and again—and here in his
house all seems to gronp itself round
Strafford.
Thus, in this room, one lookB at his
contemporaries — Rupert's rough soldier
face, and the somewhat lackadaisical Earl
of Derby, whose head fell in the same cause
as .Strafford's—sooner than even at the
magnificent “ Adoration of the Shepherds,"
in which Sir Joshua has painted himself and
his friend Jarvis. In the next—called the
Vandyke Room — one goes directly to
another portrait of Wentworth, only less
fine than the first; then to his queer com¬
panion, Laud, with his silly, senile face ;
to his Queen and enemy, Henrietta Maria,
charming, childish, weak : to Charles him¬
self, looking (in this picture) every inch a
scamp; and to the next generation—
print of “His Honour of Went.worm ana iuargares uascoyne.
Returning to the state-rooms of Wentworth Woodhouso
and the pictures thereof—or, rather, the very few that space
will permit one to mention—the first place must needs be
given to tbe splendid “ Whistle-jacket Room." “ I have got
you a pair of horses that will fly like Whistle-jacket" says
Tony Lumpkin ; and here is the famous racer, with a stately
drawing-room all to himself but for two other pictures, and
one of them unfinished—a bright and beautiful room, lofty,
whitewalled, with a gold arabesque to enrich it. gay with rich
• magnificence. His
tenant <»i ire-
land, proved <IU ' S£DA!f aiAUC -
too humane and liberal for the Government of the dav, his recall
was mourned in Dublin as a national calamity. A”singularly
fine portrait by Lawrence of this nobleuian, in his old age, is
the third picture in the room.
Of the rooms on the other side of the saloon the first Is the
sculpture-room, where stands a little regiment of busts and
statuettes: a fine bust of the Marquis of Rockingham is one
of the many memorials of the good Prime Minister, which we
have, I fear, a little overlooked, in our devotion to him whom
Strafford’s son, weak but amiable enough, and Charles’s, ngly,
bUt A U n°d f °whilc wo think of it. shall wo not visit Strafford’s
own rooms, in the oldest corner of the house ?—still, no doubt,
very ranch as ho left them (not that be has left them alto¬
gether, as you shall see). Two quaint, dark little rooms llicy
a re _hardly such as a great Earl would choose for his lodgings
now-a-davs. They overlook the little Chattel Court, of plain,
dark-red brick, and face tbe grey old Well-gate—Inigo Jones s,
thev say—through which Strafford passed from his own house
for the last time, and over which Lord Rockingham is snid to
have planted the little tree, which still grows and flourishes,
in no earth worth speaking of. Beyond is a pleasant peep of
a slope of garden, with its smooth green grass and pink path-
way. ,
But, the rooms them:-,elves arc as unpretending as may he.
The first, the dressing-room, is a small dusky chamber, with
white pillars standing out against a background of dark
yellow ; and the bed-room is, if anything, yellower still, with
pillars across, which cut off a little sombre recess for the bed.
Yet hither, as they say, the Earl returns occasionally. I
have been to many great, houses, hut never, to my disappoint¬
ment, have fonnd in any one of them the traces of a ghost; hut
here. I am assured, the maid-servants go in terror of the groat
Earl' himself, who passes down the Oak .Staircase—and the
Oak Staircase is there, and I saw it—at eleven o’clock on
Another legend, of precisely equal truth, tolls how Strafford,
being in danger of arrest at Tankersley Old Hall near here,
where he sometimes lived, was fain to climb into a great oak-
tree as a hiding-place : but his favourite dog came after him
to the tree—not, I believe, climbing up—and so betrayed him.
And, indeed, there is the dog in his picture in the Vandyke
Room. _ „ .
aiul a classic temple for a lodge. It looks os though you could
not get in without winding a horn, or some such formality of
the days of Robin Hood : but you can, and very simply—ns
you will probably find out, if yon go there and think it over.
In the Park, a bluff solid wall on the left bounds the private
gardens ; upon it is a little temple, with a statne therein, and
a row of elms runs along the higher ground behind the wall.
To the right yon look down into a cup of bills, with dark
lines of trees, and peeps of the grey water of little lakes
shimmering constantly in the light. Long-horned cows move
across the smooth grass —“ Brahmins.” and Highlanders, with
rough coats, black, brown, and white—and red and fallow
deer are further off. At the end of the wall is a kind of round
tower, with a dial projecting from its side ; and as you turn
the corner you come immediately upon a grand view of the
house—a great Classic building, two hundred yards in length,
with a stately portico high up above a zigzag staircase, and
wings standing boldly out to right and left. It is. indeed.
“ not ugly,” as Horace Walpole says—with some surprise, for
the British Classic is not as a rule a thing of beauty in archi¬
tecture. What gives picturesqueness to Wentworth Wood-
house is the amount of relief, of variety, in its design : the
projecting middle block, the line of statues along the roof, the
general absence of “ Classic” flatness, and, most of all, I think,
the variety of colour. The pale, brownish yellow of the
mass is not only broken up by the windows, and the pillars
with their darker shadows, but it is as it were picked out with
black—along the top runs an irregular line made up of
statues, vases, projections, and ornaments, all black, or
of the darkest brown : and thus, tipped with black
against its yellow, and crossed and varied with stairs and
pillars, the whole building seems to sparkle in the sunlight, ns
it stands out against the wide lawn, and the dark masses of the
trees, with distant hills and a grey sky beyond.
This present house was built, .by the first Marquis of
Rockingham, round that which was Strafford's home ; *• a
pompous front, screening an old house,” Walpole calls it, and
says that “ it was built by the late Lord on a design of the
Prussian architect Both.” The house seems to have been
turned round—the back of the present house was the front of
the old one ; very curious in colour this is : gray-yellow in the
middle, but the rest of a pale red, or pink, with pink paths to
match it, in daring contrast to the green lawn. (These paths
have all the look of brick, broken up small ; bub they arc
really made of “ shale”—rubbish from the neighbouring pits,
burnt, and made into very capital material for garden-walks ;
and perhaps of a colour no bolder than the glaring yellow
gravel to which we are accustomed.)
Otherwise, this back-front (if one may so call it) is
SEPT. 8, 1889
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
* "fly.
285
■HI
•r I'liin,
* lath.
mu; l*.
7-*iik
'* <brk
ill. *ii|,
ht l«,
ally, i
Minim-
I'reai
vnn\ the
v *k on
1 under
rafforfl,
ar bn*,
•nr *ak-
ter him
■d him.
nndvke
in the
Tiizerir
i: In or*;
him by
Pyra called the “wicked Earl.” TIis portrait hangs in the
dining-room, to which we come next, among many other
interesting portraits and excellent pictures. In this room,
they used to say, it was settled us the elections came ou who
should be member for Yorkshire—a matter hardly to be settled
in any dining room now-a-days!
More pictures in the billiard-room, a chamber whose pre¬
vailing colour is an old-fashioned green ; pictures of racers of
the lust century, ridden by jockeys, apparently, of the century
before, and attempting some original mode of progression on
their hind feet; and other horse-pictures in the manner of the
Whistle-jacket portrait—very good and pleasant in colour.
Here, too, is a remarkable cabinet of tortoiseshell, which pur¬
ports to be an exact representation of King Solomon’s Temple.
Then there is the picture gallery—a long, red and white,
comfortable room:
mnch used, indeed, as a
sitting - room — by no
means a bare abode for
painted people only. I
will not try to catalogue
its coutent s ; but there
are, among many othei s,
a portrait of Shnk-
speare, said to have be¬
longed to Dry den, a
group of Italian poets—
Dante, with his severe
nose, the most promi¬
nent—a sleeping (one
might even say n snor¬
ing) Cnpid, by Guide,
ami an infant Hercules,
the sturdy handiwork
of Sir Joshua.
A Holy Family, by
Raffaelie. and the some¬
what failed beauty of a
Magdalen, of Titian,
represent the Old Mas¬
ters ; who arc in great
force—in the typical
manner which has
somewhat marred their
popularity — in the
(’Impel down • stairs.
This is a plain build¬
ing, roomy, and qniet
in colour, with a high
gallery for the Earl and
his family ; and is de¬
corated with Martyrs
and Virgins who enjoy
their martyrdom ami
virginity with becom¬
ing severity.
in the Chapel Gal¬
lery — pleasant, cosy,
and rather dark—are
chiefly family portraits.
There is nil ’interesting
black bust of Charles 1.;
and Lady Milton’s
sedan-chair stands here,
to remind us of the
clays when London was
ns Constantinople in
the matter of paving.
Of the other rooms
of Wentworth—ami
there are hundreds,
literally — one would
fain speak, bnt cannot.
Only two interesting
little rooms just by ti e
Pillared Hall may le
mentioned—in one are portraits of th? Wentworths, and in tho
other, culled the Ship Room, is preserved—besides sonic
pictures of Lord Fitz william's steam-yacht, and other vessels —
one of the curiosities that serve to remind us of the fact which
at Wentworth there is no danger of forgetting.
This is. that we are in Yorkshire. Every association of the
house brings to mind one or other of the two main character¬
istic* of the great county—hospitality and horse-racing. Hero
in tho Ship Room, as in the Whistle-jacket Room above, we
find the memorial of a great racer—a shoe of liny Malton. the
famous horse who said to have won for his owner the money
with which was built the splendid quadrangle of the Went¬
worth staldes, perhaps the finest in England. Hence came the
first winner of the St. Loger, the Marquis of Rockingham's
Sampson; hero stand every winter some seventy - eight
hunters—proofs of the love of horseflesh and of hospitality at
once.
There are, it is to be feared, not many great country houses
where the traditions of a generous past are kept up as they
are at Wentworth. For six months iu the year the great
house is full of guests ; at the rent-days in May and November
three hundred guests a day feed in hall and kitchen for the
best part of a week ; and ancient customs are kept np here, to
be found, I believe, nowhere else in England.
•Some, indeed, have had to be discontinued, in deference to
the growing sobriety of the age. or because of the neighbour¬
hood of a great town like Sheffield. It is not so very long
since, at the rent-day. all tenants were given as much beer as
they could drink — and due provision of straw to “ sleep it off ”
on ; and every tramp who passed through the park had but to
ask, and he was given a horn of ale and a crust of bread.
These customs have passed away ; but yet survives an
ancient usage by which, on every Tuesday in November,
neighbours from all the country round invite themselves to
dine with the Earl and Countess. Each day, sixty or seventy
commonly avail themselves of this pleasant right.
This hospitality keeps in full work the great old kitchens,
the bakehouse, and the old - fashioned brew - house where
twice a year Wentworth brews its own excellent beer and ale.
Moreover, it finds tenants for the enormous cellars which are
one of the greatest - sights" of the house. Dark vaults of
immense length, ** like the crypts of a cathedral,” with massive
pillars none too large for the weight they have to uphold,
extend far and wide under the halls and galleries of Went¬
worth. Their ancient gloom is now lighted here and there
with gas ; but yet there is something weird, a dump air as of
the dwelling of gnomes, in their dark shadows and heavy
ceilings fnngus-grown. In long lines down their sides stand
the huge casks-for the most part holding over a hundred
and twenty gallons each—fillet] with strong ales, sometimes
twenty, sometimes fifty years old: t he former a pure and glorious
beer of immense potency—the latter now cousin-German to
vinegar. These beer-cellars were once upon a time full, or
nearly full; but it is a sober age—by comparison—and there
is now room and to sjiare. There is, nevertheless, huge store
of the true Yorkshire stingo : and of wine—let tis say, some
eighteen thousand bottles. Much is of the rarest and most
precious vintages; and there are not less than six thousand
bottles of admirable sherry, waiting till the day of cham¬
pagnes and clarets be past, and Xercs and his old friend
Oporto come to their own again.
Perhaps the most noteworthy among these many ancient
vaults is the Water Cellar: a strange and gloomy place,
where you look down into a kind of dark inner chamber,
where is a great black pool of water fed by a running stream,
as to which no man knows whence it comes or whither it
goes. A ghostly place, and admirably suited for a secret
murder.
It is not without relief that you step back into the open
air, and look out upon the wide park. Here is si ill much to l»c
seen—even if you arc no sportsman, and neglect the great
miners and workmen and their wives, with tenants and others
employed on the estates—say in all some four thousand
people—will have a hearty meal, athletic sports, and other
“ di varaion.’’ Many interesting presentations are being
prepared—a picture of the hunt, with Lord Fit ?. will tarn's
portrait, by Hopkins and Havell: a painting of Lady
Pits william, by Herkomer: a coloured window in the
church, given by Lord Fitz william's family ; and an
illuminated address, with an allmm and a representation of
Sprofcborough (/'rows, from the miners of Elsccar and Low
Stnbhiu Collieries. Edward Rosk.
the monuments must, at least, l»e visited—and Rent-
worth is a great place for monument*. To the right, as you look
from the grand entrance, is Keppcl's Column, erected in honour
of the famous Admiral, a great friend of the first Marquis;
to the left, a memorial of the same period—when there was
certainly a hurst of memorials—is Hoober Stand, which
desorihrA itself in an Inscription as 1 *This pyramidal building
and directly in front of the house, near the edge of tho park—
perhaps thr<*c-qnartcrs of a mile away—is the splendid
mausolbam built on the untimely death of Lord Rockingham,
iu 1 7*2.
It stands in a pretty wood by the lodge gab*, a very high
t hroe-storey building of fm'stonc. by no means ungraceful, with
a lofty cupola, stqqiorted l»v Ionic columns : and at each corner
of its lilllc plot of grass a till obelisk. In the lower storey is a
domed chamber, in which standsa lifesized marble figurcof the
Marquis, by Nollekcns : the attitude is that of an orator, with
outstretched hand, but very simple, touching, and dignified.
Hound the chamber are the l»ti*fs of the famous Whigs of
Rockingham's day—F*>x, Edmund Burke. and the rough face
of Keppel; and Burke'* noble tribute to his friend is inscribed
on the marble. As a statesman, he says. Lord Rockingham
far exceeded all others *• iu the art of drawing together, with¬
out the seduction of self-interest, the concurrence and co-oper-
atiun of various dispositions of men, whom he assimilated to
his character and associated in bis labours.' 1
It is at Wentworth Park, this week, that is to be held the
greatest festival it has ever kuowu—a golden wedding must
necessarily be one of the rarest of celebrations ; and all the
miners, tenants, schoolchildren, will have cause long to remember
the rejoicings of this happy anniversary. On Monday—the
day itself—will he held a great garden-party, with maypole
dances, addresses from the tenants of tho Malton estates, and
all manner of festivity. Two days before this will be tho
grand gathering of fonr thousand children from the schools
round about; and at the end of the week—on Saturday.
Sept. 15—another mammoth garden-party, when twelve hundred
MAGAZINES FOR SEPTEMBER.
Xinetcrnth Century. —Miss Beatrice Potters knowledge of
the conditions of female labour at the East-End of London
accredits the painful revelations of “ Pages from a Work-
Girl’s Diary.” An outline of the positions assumed by indus¬
trial Socialists in America is contributed by General Lloyd
S. Bruce. Sir Lyon Playfair replies to Lord Armstrong’s
strictures on Technical Education. The Marquis of Lome
gives an account of searches for the wreck of a galleon of
the Spanish Armada, called the *• Florida ” or *• Florenein,”
sunk off the coast of the island of Mull. u Chaucer and the
Italian Renaissance,” a topic of much literary interest, is
discussed by Mr. F. T. Palgravc. The minors of Scotland,
many of whom are now Irishmen, are described as a class by
Mr. Robert Hadow.* Ethical inquiry is indulged by Mr. Leslie
Stephen with n severely logical essay on “ Relief and
Conduct." The breeding of mankind on scientific principles,
with a view to the elimination of physical and mental
hereditary defects, is recommended by Mr. Julius Wertheimer
under the title of •• HoniiciiUnre.” Mr. E. Pulsford compares
the economic progress of New South Wales under a Free-Trade
policy, with that of
Victoria, which has pre¬
ferred a Protectionist
tariff. Co - operative
stores for Ireland—why
not for the agricultural
districts of England
are advocated by the
Hon. Horace Curzon
Plunkett. A memoir
of Millet, the truthful
painter of rustic life in
France, by Mrs. Henry
Ady, should he interest¬
ing to friends of sincere
art. Mr. Oswald Craw¬
ford, though no Eng¬
lishman knows and
loves the Portuguese
more fairly, docs not
spare finding fault with
their East African ad¬
ministration in his re¬
marks on the slave
trade. The recent bio¬
graphy of the late Mr.
W. E. Forster draw*
forth a circumstantial
endeavour by Mr. Glad¬
stone to prove that the
Chief Secretary for Ire¬
land who resigned office
in May. 1 Ssl\ was not
justified in complaining
of faint support from
the Liberal Government
i f that date.
Content jio vo r h
Review. — Sir W. W.
Hunter, a great official
and statistical authority
. on the presen teomlit ion
of India, boldly and
ably sets forth the
urgent problems of
financial and ]H«liLicul
leform. He lays much
stress on the proposals
of the late Indian Con¬
gress and of the
Calcutta and Madras
Chambers of Commerce,
r nd on the opinions ex¬
pressed by Sir Richard
Garth, the late C lu’of
Justice of Bengal, and
in the August number
of the Went m inuter lie -
i Leech, by Air. Holman
1 to that gifted artist,
who was also known to his friends as a good and amiable
man. Mr. Grant Duff's notes of a visit to Mouut Carmel in
Syria, where lie was tho guest of Mr. Lawreuce Oliphant,
contain some facts worthy of notice. Professor J. R. Seeley
estimates the chances of any modern author obtaining what
might be considered “literary immortality ”: but supposing
that none ever can, *• let ench write to his ideal.” Dr. John Rne
continues his analysis of “State Socialism," as expounded by
some German writers. Of Henry More, the mystical Christian
Platonist of the seventeenth century, there is an interesting
study by Mr. Arthur Benson, of Eton. The legal protection of
children against parental cruelty or neglect is the subject of nn
article by Mrs. Tabor ; while Mr. J. Scott Keltic advocates the
study of commercial geography, and Mr. W. T. Stead describes
his impressions of Petersburg. Archbishop Walsh disput es I he
statistics of Mr.G. Wyndhara regardingthc Irish Kind question.
Universal Jie-
ririe. — A well-
known political
supporter of Mr.
Gladstone, the Rev.
Canon MncColl, ad¬
vocates Home Rule
for Ireland. Tho
editor, Mr. Harry
Q nil ter, comments
on the genius of
the late Mr. Frank
Holl, and regrets
that portrait-paint¬
ing turned him aside from his true mission of depicting
pathetic and tragic scenes. Mr. Henry James continues hi**
romance, “ The Lesson of tho Master.” The quality in sculpture
sometimes termed *‘ couleur," a mystery to the uninitiatid, i*
defined by Mr. Alfred (filliert as just relief, harmony of light
and shade and gradation, and due relation of one part to
another, which one would have thought were the essential
qualities of all fine art. A prose troatiso, by Mr. W. Hurl at
286 — THE ILLUSTRATED taflWS 1
ENGLISH H 0 M
WENTWORTH WOODHOUSE: THE $E A
288
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 8, 1888
WOOD2IOI'
If a carping critic were to turn
ested in this picturesque and historic old town. The a<
of William of Wykeham is continued from a former no
and in “ A Plea for Schools of Art,” the writer insists <
necessity of teaching workmen to draw and colon]
before they can hope to become successful designers
the least interesting article in a varied and readable n
is Mr. Joseph Hatton's account of “Some Provincial C
wherein the tastes and habits of London club-men and
1 Cross of the Order of St. Michael and
r Lionel Sackville-Wesb, K.C.M.G.,
igton ; and Knight-Com-
r. J. S. D. Thompson. Q.C.,
J. S. Winter. Attorney*
d Mr. J. H. G. Bergne, C.M.G.,
Treaty Department of the Foreign
number of the Magazine of Art for the express purpose of
finding fault, and after the superficial examination which is
supposed to be common to critics he pronounced the number a
little dry and wanting in ‘variety, he would, at all events,
bestow a word of admiration on the frontispiece, “ 1 he Con¬
valescent.” after Sir J. E. Millais, which, despite the sooty
shadows of the face, is a charming picture. The ••Orpheus
and Eurydice” of G. F. Watts, R.A.,is scarcely so well rendered
as that great work deserves. Both these subjects illustrate an
account of one of those private art collections which are
scattered in such numbers all over Great Britain — the
Kepplestono Collection, in the neighbourhood of Aberdeen,
belonging to Mr. Alexander Macdonald. The account of the
French painter Rousseau is interesting, and the examples of
his work are excellent. Articles on “ Poetical Treatment in
Art,” by J. R. Hodgson, R.A. ; “ Sculpture at the Royal
Academy;” “ The Stopping-Point in Ornament;” “Bernard
Van Orley,”a Flemish painter, make up the rest of the number.
SURGICAL APPLIANCES FOR THE POOR.
It is very distressing to know that any difficulty should bo
experienced by the poor in obtaining surgical appliances.
The funds at the disposal of the hospital authorities, and of
the Hospital Sunday Fund in particular, are. it must be
admitted, quite inadequate to meet the demands of the suffer¬
ing poor of the metropolis; while in the case of the more
important of the surgical aid societies the rule of compelling
cripples to canvass for a number of subscribers’ letters is, in
most cases, an insurmountable difficulty. Another obstacle,
one equally great, and which it would be quite impossible to
meet without the aid of the press, is the widespread ignorance
which prevails as to the duties of guardians and district
medical officers, upon whom the Law imposes the duty of
supplying surgical appliances to all poor persons who are
unable to pay for them. The printed instructions issued
by the Local Government Board to guardians, medical
officers, relieving officers, churchwardens, and overseers of the
poor are perfectly explicit on this point, and leave no room
for doubt that the poor, whether paupers or not, have a
direct claim on their parishes for all necessary appliances.
This fact should be more generally known ; if it were, then the
harsh and cruel letter system adopted by certain of the
voluntary charities would soon be seen to be wholly un¬
necessary, and a considerable saving would be effected in the
distribution of charitable funds. It would also be greatly
beneficial to the afflicted if the committee of the Hospital
Saturday Fund would reserve a small percentage of their
receipts for the gratuitous issue of instruments, instead of
compelling, as they now do, all applicants to pay half the cost
of the same. The Hospital Sunday Fund apportions four pci
cent of its gross receipts for the purpose of procuring surgical
appliances, but this only yielded last year about £1320, and
proved to be, as in former years, inadequate. It is understood
that at the next meeting of the council of the Hospital Sunday
Fund, a proposition, influentially supported, will be made to
increase the percentage, and which it is hoped will be carried
neminc amt radirente. Since it is a step in the right direction,
and as the Charity Voting Reform Association has recently
issued a paper on surgical/aid to the metropolitan clergy, calling
attention to the powers conferred on guardians by the Poor Law,
there is every reason to believe that, before long, some or the
difficulties standing in the way of the afflicted with regard to
surgical appliances will be entirely removed.
In recognition of their services at the recent Conference
at Washington on the subject of the North American Fisheries,
the Queen has conferred a baronetcy upon Sir Charles Tupper,
1
Roberts, on the co-operative system, is followed by Mr. Lewis
Morris, the poet, with an ode on “ The Triumph of Labour.”
Mr. F. Gale's recollections of the cricket-field are accompanied
by a portrait of William Dorrington, of Town Mailing ; and
he considers that cricket was as good fifty years ago as it is
now. A brief sketch of Bayreuth and the Wagner perform¬
ance, by Mr. E. II. Bell, and a further instalment of Alphonse
Baudot's “ One of the Forty." occupy some remaining pages.
F»rtnightly Jlcricw .—Lord Wolseley, who wrote last month
on military courage, now gives us an essay on military genius,
comparing the skill of Napoleon, Julius Cmsar, Marlborough,
and General Lee, who were commanders as well as strategists,
having the “ personal magnetism ” to impart confidence to their
soldiers, of which he thinks Wellington had less. The Parlia¬
mentary business of the Session is reviewed by Mr. A. Baumann,
M.P. An anonymous critic severely condemns the romances of
Mr. Rider Haggard. Judge Chalmers explains and disapproves
of the still remaining form of imprisonment for debt on failure
to satisfy County Court judgments. Mrs. Lynn Lynton’s
review of the memoirs of the scandalous Abbe Galiani exposes
the Rtate of French morals and manners in the eighteenth
century. The domestic and social condition of women in India,
especially with regard to compulsory marriage in childhood, is
shown by Mr. Lester de Fonblanque to be intolerably oppress¬
ive. “A Hundred Years Ago,” by Colonel Knollys, is a strik¬
ing contrast to the present state of England. A complete and
methodical account of the late Naval Manoeuvres may be re¬
commended as useful reading. Professor Dowden’s study of
“Shakspeare's Wisdom of Life” is guided by much critical
and ethical insight.
National Ferine. —The frontier quarrel with Thibet, which
just now embarrasses our Indian Government, is examined by
Mr. R. S. Gundry. Mrs. Jeune gives her personal recollections
of the late Mr. W. E. Forster. The old and the new style of
partridge-shooting are compared by Mr. T. E. Kebbel. An
inquiry concerning the value and effect of music in mental
culture, by Mr. J. F. Rowbotham, is followed by Mrs. Lane-
Fox with one estimating the possibility of a national school of
opera. Mr. Paul Sylvester reviews some modern Spanish
novels. The Irish Coercion or Crimes Act of 1882 is compared
with that of 1887, clause by clause, in an article by Mr. George
Alexander. Professor Sayce relates a few popular stories
gathered by him in Syria and Egypt. “ The Gates of Hades,”
by Mr. Percy Greg, is a treatise of dreams and hypnotic
hallucinations with reference to the belief in ghosts and the
like. Mr. J. G. Bettram's remarks on oyster-cultivation in
England. France, and America, are of some practical value.
Captain Penrose Fitzgerald questions the correctness of some
of Sir Samuel Bakers views regarding our maritime defences.
Murray's Magazine. —The disparaging observations of Sir
Lepel Griffin upon the United States of America are replied to
by Mr. Theodore Roosevelt, who also vindicates his country¬
men from the milder imputation of lack of taste and sensi¬
bility to grace or beauty, and “want of distinction,” ascribed
to them by Mr. Matthew Arnold. “ The Reproach of Annesley ”
is continued, and there is “A Tale of a Ten Pound Note.”
Articles on partridge-shooting, on “ village opinion,” and on
early English music, occupy some pages. The defects of our
army organisation are held up to scorn in a supposed letter
from a Prussian officer visiting England. 31r. W. M. Acworth
concludes his account of the working of our great railways
with a description of the Great Eastern Railway.
BlarkwoiKls Magazine .—The story of “ A Stiff-necked
Generation ” arrives at its twenty-fifth chapter. A literary
and romantic conversation, reported by the late Miss E. J.
Hasell, between congenial friends on an isle of Derwentwater,
introduces pleasing versions of several of Firdousi's Persian
tales. There is a short story, “ My Treasure”; an account of
General Colby’s work in the Ordnance Survey of Scotland ; a
translation from Uhland, by Sir Theodore Martin ; a narrative
of rough Irish campaigning experiences “ in a proclaimed
district,” by 31r. F. Noel Paton; a review of contemporary
French novelists ; a political article on 3fr. Forster and
Ireland ; and a commentary on the Naval Manoeuvres.
Macmillan's Magazine. —31r. Bret Harte proceeds with his
new Californian tale of “Creasy” the name of a girl. A
ploasing acconnt of the birds in a rural part of Wales is
supplied by Mr. Wardc Fowler. The critical notice, by 3fr.
Saintsbnry, of Praed's graceful and lively verse-comjiosilions,
and Professor Minto’s discourse on Pope and eighteenth-
century poetry, will suit readers of literary taste. Of more
value, indeed, is the admirable study of 31ontaignes life and
character in Mr. Walter Pater's historical romance, “ Gaston
de Latour.” Professor T. E. Holland relates the festival at
Bologna on the eighth centenary of the famous University in
that cifcv. The practice of sportsmen and pame-Dre““— ; -
Dorothea Gerard, is the story of a Jewess in Galicia, and of
her lover, a young nobleman in the Austrian army.
Time. —“ Work and Workers,” by Mr. John Pendleton, lies
this time in the collieries of the West Midlands. Mr. Ivarl
Blind contrasts the French Republic with that of Switzerland.
The centenary of New South Wales suggests to Professor
Strong an historical retrospect of Australian progress. Mrs.
Tower O’Donoghue narrates an excursion in Wicklow, with a
visit to the home of Mr. Parnell. The coral-
reef controversy is examined by 31r. II. B.
Guppy, with reference to Darwins early
view, recently disproved by Mr. John Murray.
3Ir. Arthur Grant collects some anecdotes of
the splendid Moorish ladies in Spain of the
Middle Ages. Bologna and its ancient
University are treated of by Mr. G. B,
Stuart. The sport of shooting wild geese
in Northern India is described by Mr. H. H.
Sharpe. A lecture to the Ethical Society,
by 31r. Bernard Bosanquet, defines the re¬
spective spheres of individual and social
reform. Anecdotes of rats are collected by
3Ir. T. Ley land There is a short tale, by
Mr. Walter Raymond, called “ A Complete
Change” ; and further chapters are added by
Mr. Julian Corbett to his romance of
“ Kophetua XIII.”
Harpers Monthly. —Wood-engravings, as
usual, exquisitely finished, adorn this and
two other New York magazines. The rambles
of Mrs. Pennell and her husband, a well-
known artist, have often entertained us ;
but instead of the conjugal tricycle, which
carried them through France, they tried
walking with knapsacks through the Western
Highlands of Scotland, and found it a grievous mistake ; her
present narrative leaves them in the island of Mull, but going
to Skye. The caribou, one of the finest wild animals of North
America, has a chapter to himself. Another chapter is
devoted to Japanese china, the old Satsuma ware. The city of
3Iemphis, on the Mississippi, with the States of Tennessee and
Arkansas, is selected for this month’s “ Studies of the Great
West.” Helena and Butte, in Montana, are also described.
The new gallery of Italian tapestry at Florence is the subject
of an instructive article. We find Barbadoes, Demerara,
Trinidad, and other West Indian colonies, treated with skill by
the pen and pencil. 3Ir. William Black’s Highland story,
“ In Far Lochaber," and tales by 31r. W. D. Howells and
others, provide a sufficiency of fiction.
The Century. —Many Englishmen will thank the American
writer and editor for the interesting account of Uppingham
School and of its late head-master, the Rev. Edward Thring,
with his portrait, and with sketches by Mr. Joseph Pennell.
The history of Lincoln’s Presidency and of the Civil War is
continued. Industrial or handicraft instruction, in the
schools of Massachusetts, appears an example worthy of
imitation. A pathetic story is told of the Trappist monastery
in Kentucky, some account of which was given last month.
31 r. George Kennan proceeds with his reports of the condition
of Russian political exiles and prisoners in Siberia. There is a
story of Americans in Mexico, with reminiscences of the war in
that country forty years ago. The various student “ fraternities,”
clubs, or friendly societies, formed at the American Universities
and Colleges, present a phase of social life not undeserving of
notice. Some curious particulars are Gtated with regard
to the shifts and privations imposed on the people of the
Southern States by the exclusion of imported commodities
during the Civil War. There are also many fine engravings.
Scribner's Magazine.— Mr. W. H. Mallock
describes “Scenes in Cyprus,” with some
good illustrations from photographs taken
by himself. Personal recollections, by 31r.
Hugh McCulloch, of several eminent Ameri¬
cans of the past forty years, are deserving
of notice. The articles on American rail¬
way passenger travel are continued, and
merit the attention of railway managers
here. The 6tory of “A London Life,” by
Mr. Henry James, is concluded. “Presi¬
dential Campaign Medals ” have some value
ns memorials of the political history of the
United States. On Fuji, or Fnsiyama, the
Sacred 31 ountain of Japan, there is a poem
by Mr. Percival Lowell. 3Ir. T. D, Seymour
gives some account of Modern Greece.
English Illustrated Magazine. — 3fr.
Henry James, in “ The Patagonia," brings ,
his Americans over to Europe, landing them I
at Liverpool. A picturesque region, little 1
known, that of the Polish Carpathians, is
delineated by 3Ir. Adam Gielgud. Mr.
Ashby Sterry's “ London Street Studies,”
with accompanying sketches by Mr. W. D.
Almond, and the article on Hampton Court,
illustrated by Herbert Railton and A. D.
M’Cormick, keep us at home. Professor
Minto has finished his carefully studied
historical romance of “ Ralph Hardelot.”
The following magazines for the month
appear to contain articles of fair average
quality, The Comhill , Temple Bar , Gentle¬
man's Magazine , Belgravia, London Society,
Tinsley's, The Argosy , The Theatre , Ata-
lanta , The Naval and Military , Good Word
Hour , Cassell's, The Sun, All the Year Jloun
Journal of Dress and Fashion.
ART MAGAZINES.
A prominent work in the London art exhibitions of the
just closed was Mr. Arthur Hacker's picture, “ By the Waters of
Babylon,” which forms the frontispiece to the Septcmt
number of the A rt Journal . Current art is further illustrated
by an interesting account of the Scottish pict
- Ttzzz iz zlzz z:. illustrated
-_- - -of Pictures, Donauesching
SEPT. 8, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
289
SCIENCE .JOTTINGS.
GERMS : GOOD AND BAD.
Turning out the contents of a portmanteau the other day, a
pair of boots, which had evidently been deposited therein in a
damp condition, came to light covered thickly in some parts
with a growth of bine mould. To the attentions of this
mould, of course, no housewife is a stranger. It grows on her
cheese and invades her jelly-pots, and does not despise even
damp boots, as we have seen, in its selection of a local habita¬
tion. The question of tho mould's origin leads us in the
dircc'iouof more than one great and grave theory regarding
the beginnings of life at large. Where the mould comes from
may best be answered, as a philosophical qnery, by saying that
it springs from a germ or germs, derived from a parent-mould.
These germs, microscopic in size, are carried by the nir, and are
given off from tho parent-mouldas minute living particles. Liko
drift-wood on tho sea. they are borne hither and thither in
company with many thousands of neighbonr-germs, like and
nnlike, and when they find a suitable soil (as in the elieeso or
the jelly) they spring up into the mould whereof they arc the
early aiid legitimate representatives. Tho air around us. as
Tyndall long ago proved and expressed it, is a "stir-about" of
minute particles, some of mineral and inorganic nature, others
of organic and living kind. It is an ocean having particles,
liviagand dead, for its floating things; and the living particles,
in brief, are the “ germs ” whereof we hear so much that is
interesting in the scieneo of the day. It is trne that we are
encompassed about by a great cloud of living particles;
but it is not trne to assert that these particles arc
all equally noxious to man or equally innocuous in
so far as human interests are concerned. Some germs, like
those of tho bluo mould, may be deemed harmless enough
in their character. Others again, like those of the yeast-
plants. are more destructive, it is true, or may bo sometimes
pressed into the service of man. That bottle of claret you left
uncorked after dinner two days ago lias gone to the bad. Yon
declare it to be as sour as vinegar ; and well may it be so. for
vinegar it has become. Into your wine from the air there
dropped sundry microscopic germs of yeast-plants. These
bred and multiplied in the soil they found ready to hand in
t'l shape of tho wine. Through the exercise of their own
chemical powers they produce vinegar by a process of fer¬
mentation. just as certain other and nearly-related yeast-
gc'ins manufacture alcohol out of sugary solutions. By the
air r Iso are carried the germs of diseases ; and that many of
onr epidemics are air-borne in their nature and propagation
remains a sure fact of health-science. These germs of disease,
dispersed broadcast, like tho germs of tho yeast-plants and of
(ho bluo moulds, seek a soil in the shape of the animal frame.
Once found, this soil is utilised, and there is witnessed in the
case of the body an analogous process to that seen in the wine.
The little leaven (of disease) which leavens the whole lump
(of the body) is exactly represented by the fever-germ. AYith
the Apostle, one might go further and assert that, sown, in
weakness, the germ appears in strength. In each case the
little living particle, whether of tho mould, the yeast-plant, or
the fever, reproduces its like. It multiplies exceedingly the
few germs become thousands, and all we s-t happening, alike
in fermentation and in the fever, is merely the result of germ-
growth. “Like begets like,” and thusrtbe germ reproduces in
each case, sometimes directly, sometimes indirectly, the like¬
ness of the parent to which it owed it: origin.
Questions of size are always difficult to Ret tic or determine
from a popular point of view, and, when we seek to gain some
adequate idea of the dimensions of germs, we arc met with
the difficulty of translating into terms of common life those
of tho infinitely little. If we speak of a germ which in
length is the one ten-thousandth part of an inch—that is,.
equals one part of an inch which has been divided, as to its
length, into ten thousand parts—we utterly fail to grasp
any notion of the size indicated. An appeal to figurative
description, while more graphic in character perchance, yet
leaves ns with the dimmest conceptions of the dimensions of
germs. One writer tells us that on the area of a single square
inch wc could place, in a single laver, a population of common
germs or buetvria, 1W) times as great as the population of
London. Graphic as is this estimate, the idea of the actual
size of the individual germs remains simply unattainable. It
is this diminutive size compared with the great results in tho
way of disease certain of these germs mav and do produce,
which is more than sufficient to appal us. Think for a moment
oi that fatal “ wool-sorters' disease " which was formerly preva¬
lent in Bradford. This ailment is caused by the entrance into
the human frame of a minute germ, or barillnx , with which
we arc, microscopically, perfectly well acquainted. Sown some¬
how in tho body through handling tho wool of animals
which have died of a similar disease (known in tho animal
as “splenic fever'’) this particle grows and multiplies as
we have seen, and kills mankind through its abundant
sclf-reprodnction into thousands within the human tissues.
Upon human life it would, therefore, seem that disease-germs
work their will unmolested. Yet this is by no means the case.
Science has. in truth, beenup and doing for years pas’,, teaching
us how we may scorch and destroy these particles, how we mav
limit their spread, and how we may protect ourselves and our
goods and chattels against their attack. We are far from being
helpless in the war we wage against germs, and every year
that passes over onr heads proves this statement true. The
deaths from germ-produced fevers and allied ailments show a
steady decrease year by year, and in due season we may reduce
such a death-rate to a miserable minimum if the people could
only be well trained up in the sanitary ways wherein they
should safely and readily walk.
But all onr germs are not hurtful, as we have seen, and
some exeraiso in the domain of Nature a decidedly useful
function. Long ago. De la Tour showed the world that fer¬
mentation was not a result of death, but a consequence of life.
It was the result of the growth and multiplying of the yeast-
plants in their appropriate soil. Similarly, we open onr eyes
to the fact that putrefaction and decay are really works and
actions wherein the omnipresent “ germs ” arc playing the bene¬
ficent part of natural scavengers. They are removing from
the earth's surface the fragments of life, and are preventing
the world from becoming a perennial charnel-house. Still
inrther may you dive into the useful ways of germs, aided by
the eye of science. Darwin has told us of the part played by
the earthworm as an underground farmer. Fertility of ground
is brought about by the perpetnal turn-over which the sub¬
soil receives at the hands of the worm. Onr germs probably
accomplish os much for us in this latter direction. They
break up and decompose the refuso of life and aid its
incorporation with the soil everywhere. If the world might
be much the better for the absence of certain germs, it is no
less true it would certainly be rendered much the worse by
the absence of others. If, on the one hand, certain germs kill
or wound ns, others, again, make the world purer and
8wccter as the result of their work. It is in this, as in so
many other things, wo are apt to grnmblo at things as they
are becanso wo do not see, or care to notice, the reverse and
kindlier side of the picdal. Andrew WlLOOX.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Cnmmunlcnliotu Jot this de\>artmont should be addressed to the Chess Editor.
3 Adamson.—M any thanks. Your substituted paragraph appears below.
I* D.u.y (riaplutiti). —The problems are essentially the /nine. aUlumah No. 3
K St.
sinly fiio lic'tter version. Wc lnd n<
' the matter. Hope lo hoar
N K.—Than Its for the profile
•ntion of imputing anythin!
' suffering from
misc early insertk
m D 11 Naftti ( Davenport. Iowa, U.S.A.).—Wo are sorry we cannot answer by post,
be problem is quite right,an you will have prolmbly «li--coverod by this time,
ho solution runs -, l. K to Kt ftih. P to 1 } 4tli; 3. Kt to It Wli, *c.
f BitAi’xn.—Game and not os duly to hand, for which wc are much ohlieed.
f Goi.k (SattonIllack is nuppwed to play his l*esr, and, then-fore, cannot be
mod in two moves. A marc in four is beyond the conditions of the problem,
here is no mate in three by your proposed solution.
ih weekly chess periodical. 8 tai
H B M 01
J A.MYOI
Counter..
•dun. W Fry (Kaltaire), J D
. -a .... . .. ynnMjJ J| J, ..
A W Hamilton (Jell (Exeter),
“ Hand-book "
'hand nre surprised lint
•oil to t he correct solution,
dementary for our column. What is the
le’s K Hi sq J A Pawn is clearly impossible,
ind L Dksaxqko.—R eceived, with thank*.
3815received from 8 Parry, Columbus, N
r (Leeds;, Liciit.-Col. L»minc. Slndfon
naril Hey
calc, Sergeant J Sage, mid
ikct .Solptions or Pltom.KM No. 2310 received from O T Addison (York\
tall, H K N Hanks, T Roberts, roluinbiis, B K II, JIrs Kelly (UftonL Alpha,
Lomicn, Howard A, W Hillior, E Casclls (Paris!. Jupiter Junior. E Lncrv.
miiIIiim, IVt. rhouse. Sergeant J Sage, A W Hamilton (Jell (Kxeteri. A N«\\-
", Kpv Winfield Cooper. J Dixon. Tv? (Ware), J Hepwortii Shaw. .1 I) Tucker
eiUi, W u Itnillrm, TIiou.jw fliown (Brighton), Julia Short (Exetert, It 1[
*"k«. Bernard Reynold*, Dr F sr, I.ieiit.-Col. I.oraniu. J E P, Shvdfortli, It
1. Q to K K *i
2 . n to y 5th
3. Q to It 5th, mate
If Black play I
k Problem No. 231 1 .
K to B3rd, then 2. Q to R 4tb (cli\ & c.
PROBLEM No. 231S.
Ky E. J. WINTER AVOID.
BLACK.
nent between Mess
2 . Kt to K II 3rd
3. B 10 U -lili
1 . P to y 3rd
5. P to II 3rd
C. P to y Kt ith
o K 1 3rd
•1 Q II till
to It Uh
12. I? Uikm Kt (cli)
r.r.vcK (Mr. M.j
P to K Uh
Kt to y 11 3rd
B to B Ith
Kl to B 3rd
Castles
B to K 2nd
1 19. Kt to Kt Mli (ch.)
23. P to K Kt Mh
31. B to y 4ih <rh
32. K takes K
33. K to B 2nd
31. y to K nh
35. K to K t 2nd
36. It to K s<|
37. Q to K A 111
3K. Q tnkPft R P
Ft to K ftf|
B to B 4th
P takes B
P takes P
P to K R 4 th
Q to B 2nd
B to y 2nd
K to K 2nd
B to B 5th 'ch)
Q takes K
o K R sq
o K l sq
.0 B 2nd
6. y to K 2nd
7. B takes Kt
8. I* takes P
9. Kt to y 4th
10. Kt to y B 3rd
11. It, to Km|
12. P toy Kt 3rd
13. Kt to B 5th
14. Q to K 3rd
15. P Iks P (on i«si
B lo K 2nd
K Kt takes p
Kt to Q 3rd
Kt to K 3rd
B to Kt 5th
P to Q ith
17. B takes R
1H. Kt to B fill) (ch) K to U sq
19. Q to R Oth
19. P takes Q
20. Kt to R 5th <dte
ch) P to B 3rd,
and White resign.).
We hare received the first aTx numbers of Vol. III. of the Columbia
Chi'** Chronicle, an American chess weekly. The whole of Its contents Is
devoted exclusively to this elegant pastime, and much enterprise Is shown in
giving the necessary variety and interest to Its pages. The humours of our
e mains' Journalism are well illustrated by its editorials, and their chess skill
no less admirably shown In the games and problems. We loam tlmt there
Is a project on foot to found an American Chess Association, which ought to
l>e n great success, seeing that America holds the honours in both deport¬
ments of the gome.
For the third time In succession Mr. E. J. Winter Wood has won the first
prize for the three-movers In the Sheffield Independent tourney. We
publish nbovc the {XMlLion with which he Turn secured this recent honour.
The Kentish Mercury , one of the boat known of suburban newspapers,
has started a chess column, another evidence of growing public intercut hi
the game. London ift now (airly well supplied in lilts reflect; but the
editing too often lacks the vigour displayed by many of the northern
Journals, where the ardour of editor and contributors Is of n most amusing
intensity.
DR. W. G. GRACE.
Few men havo obtained, even in these days of hero-worship,
a prouder position than the snbjcct of the present sketch.
His exceptional, one may justifiably say his phenomenal, ex¬
cellence at the national game of Englishmen has made his
name known far and wide ; the fame of it has been carried to
the uttormoBt parts of the earth ; throughout that vast empire
on which the snn never sets it is a household word. French,
men, and even Germans, who understand not cricket, but
regard it as merely a more than usually extravagant outcome
of British eccentricity, havo heard of our great player, and
know the pedestal whereon he stands among us, even if they
pity ns for having raised it for him.
Needless to say, it is no ordinary, no ephemeral champion
of whom such words as these can be truthfully written. Tho
leviathan of the cricket-field is not one of those who, by
laborious perseverance or spasmodic energy, attain the highest
pinnacle in their sphere, only to be promptly oast from it by
the ceaseless efforts of their rivals. The supremacy he gained
at the outset of his career was too great to be disputed, and
now, after the lapse of more than two decades, we find the
abilities which first made him famous so little impaired by
time that he still towers above all competitors, and he is as un¬
deniably the king of cricket as he was in his dashing prime of
fifteer years ago. Dr. Grace's record is nniqne in the world of
sport; there never has been in any other branch of it, at any
period soever, so marked and long-continned a superiority on
the part of one man over all his fellows.
Naturally, such a cricketer as this is, like the poet, “ born,
not made,” however greatly judicious instruction and assiduous
practice may have developed the inherited talent. William
Gilbert Grace comes of a good athletic stock. His father. Dr.
Henry Mills Grace—and we may here mention incidentally that
all the males of this Gloucestershire family have belonged to the
medical profession—was an excellent performer with bat and
ball, who by managerial energy and active assistance in the field
worked up the local club (the “ Mangotsficld ") to such a pitch
of excellence that the older and larger “West Gloucestershire ”
body was fnin to amalgamate wilh it. And his mother, who
had been a Miss Pocoek, hod the true Anglo-Saxon blood in her
veins, and took as keen a delight in cricket as any member of
her family. This, bv-tlie-way, included five sons and four
daughters; all the former cricketers and all the latter keen
and sympathetic onlookers, though we must regretfully dis¬
credit the pretty story that they were the earliest instructors
of the subsequent champion. His father, his elder brothers,
and his uncle, Mr. Pocock. were his tutors in the pastime, and
there was not one among them from whom the young aspirant
conld not derive some valuable cricket lesson. The eldest of the
hoy G races was Henry, the second, Alfred ; and both of these were
good average players, able on occasion to enrich a total with a
three-figure innings. Edward Mills Grace, the first to make tho
patronymic famous, came next, having been born in 1811, seven
years earlier than thebrothcr whose doings were tocast all others
in the shade. William Gilbert saw the light on July 18, 1818,
and in 1830 George Frederick arrived to complete the famous
trio of younger sons. “ The Three Graces,” with whose renown
every schoolboy is familiar. Before W. G. came into promin¬
ence, his brother, E. M., was undoubtedly the best batsman
for run-getting in England, and to this day, veteran as he is,
he is still a terror to loose bowlers. Poor Frederick passed
away from the sport he loved so well in 1880, having played
for his county versus Australia a short time before his death,
and being considered inferior onlv to his brother Gilbert.
To give a complete record of the myriad deeds which have
made the latter celebrated would require more space than wo
have at command ; but certain statistics we are bound to
furnish, lest anyone should feci inclined to cavil at what
may seem the exuberance of the foregoing remarks.
W. G.'s first public appearance in the field was for West
Gloucestershire v. Bedminster, when, at the early age of
nine, he scored 3, not out In 18(H), in his twelfth year, ha
played an innings of 51 for West Gloucestershire v. Clifton ;
and for the same club, against the same antagonists, he com¬
menced the season of 18(13 with an innings of 8(1. In his
sixteenth year, playing for Sonth Wales v. Gentlemen .of
Sussex, he scored, after it had been suggested that he should
stand out of the team for a more experienced player, two fine
innings of 170 and 56, not out. At seventeen he made his
first appearance for the Gentlemen v. the Players—a contest
the record of which his individual skill entirely revolutionised
during subsequent years. Since 18(15 he has played in these
matches alone over eighty innings at an average of about
45 runs per innings. At eighteen years of age he proved his
exceptional powers by a grand innings of 224, not out, for
England v. Surrey ; and since that time his three-figure
innings have been altogether too numerous to specify here.
Suffice it to say that he has compiled one score of 400, not
out; two of over 3()0 ; ten of over 200 ; and 124 of 100 ami
upwards! When it is considered that the large majority
of these scores have been made in first-class matches, comment
becomes, indeed, superfluous ! His 400, not out, does not happen
lo he tho largest score on record, for Mr. Stoddart compiled
485 in a small match at Hampstead ; though it is a matter of
certainty that, had Dr.Grace been able to spare time fora fair
proportion of second-class cricket, the glory of the biggest
individual scorer would have been his also. He is the only
batsman who has ever aggregated over 2000 runs in a season,
in first-class matches : hr lias more than once surpassed Sunt) 1
He is the only batsman who has over, in first-class matches,
compiled two “centuries" in one match : hr has done it Hjhrcc
times—once in the present (his forty-first) year ! He has
made the largest score on record in a first-class match—v\.,
344 for M.C.C.. v. Kent; and within a fortnight he made tho
largest recorded score in a ciwn/ij match—318, notont, v. York¬
shire. Tho last-named is probably his greatest achievement;
though the 4(H), not out. being made with twenty-two men of
Great Grimsby in tho field, runs it hard. For fifteen con¬
secutive years he was at the head of the batting averages,
being temporarily deposed, in 1881. by Mr. A. X. Hornby, a
player who, for pluck, endurance, and kiiowlodgeof t he game, has
for more than twenty years been a keen rival of the champion,
and who even now is worthy of a place in an England Eleven.
Dr. Grace’s record in all first-class matches since the outset of
his career is an aggregate of over 33,000 runs at an average of
over forty-five runs per innings ! In Australian matches he
has been uniformly successful, making runs even when all
others havo signally failed, and the unanimous opinion of
colonists is that there never has been, and never will be, a
batsman like him.
As a bowler he has always been near the top of the tree,
and in one season, 1877, lie was absolutely the most successful
performer with the ball in all England. As a field, he is mar-
vellonsly good everywhere ; and. as a cricketer generally, ho
has always been “ thorough.” His merits were publicly recog¬
nised in 1873. when he was presented with a testimonial, to
which cricket-lovers, from H.R.H. the Prince of Wales down¬
wards, cheerfully subscribed. In conclusion, we may add that
in bis youth he was one of tho fastest runners in England,
winning over seventy prizes, and that at present he has few
superiors at tho totally different pastimo of whist !
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sett. 8, 1888.-280
ENGLISH HOMES, No. XV. — WENTWORTH WOODHOUSE.
L Tlic Park, from Wentworth Hnu*o. 2. The Well Gate. 3. Paddock Lodge. 4. The Stabler. B. The MaagnUfim. 0. Waterfall In the Gronmli.
r
SEPT. 8, 1888
291
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE FITZWILLIAM HUNT.
Earl Fitzwilliam commenced keeping hounds at Wentworth
in 1880. The Fitzwilliam hounds from Milton. Northampton¬
shire, up to that time used to come for cub-hunting. For
many years after his Lordship established a pack at Went¬
worth. it was usual to do the early cnb-hunting on his
Coolattin estate in Ireland, with part of the pack and two of
the whips, under his own management; the other part of the
pack hunting the Wentworth country. Of late years, since
his Lordship gave up the “ horn "-—that is to say. hunting the
hounds himself—this custom has been discontinued, and cub-
bnnting has usually begun about Doncaster race-week in the
home coverts. Up to the second Monday in November. Lord
Fitzwilliam hunts a portion of the Badsworth country, which,
notwithstanding the fact that several of the coverts belong to
the Fitzwilliam family, has, by fox-hunting laws, to be handed
over to the Badsworth hunt. Probably, no country in England
is hunted under such great difficulties, in consequence of its
large population, railways, and other obstacles. Notwith¬
standing these drawbacks, his Lordship has always shown
good sport, no expense haring been spared iu the breeding of
his hounds; and the greater portion of his stud consists of
thoroughbred horses. These are mostly bred by himself, and
among tbe sires used in recent years have been Warlock,
Bumton, Exchequer. Lecturer, King of .Scots, Reveller, Xeno¬
phon. and others. One feature of this country is the number
of fine gorse coverts which have been planted in suitable
places entirely at his Lordship's expense, and without which
it would be impossible to preserve foxes. Among his hunt
servants have been Butler, Harry Ayres. Joe Orbell, James
Roffey, George Kennett. and Will Dale, and the present
efficient and popular huntsman is Frank Bartlett.
The hunting gentlemen of Sheffield, Rotherham, Doncaster,
and the surrounding country, arc greatly indebted to Lord
Fitzwilliam for providing such excellent sport in their
immediate locality, and for turning out a [lack of hounds th ree
days a week, with all their equipments, second to no other
pack in the kingdom ; and this entirely at his own cost, in
every way. Mere it not that Lord Fitzwilliam owns such
extensive estates, and is liberal with his purse and a thorough
sportsman, hunting could not be carried on in this locality.
There is no more exhilarating scene than to see the hounds
meet on the lawn at Wentworth, with Lord Fitzwilliam and
his sons and daughters mounted on most perfect hunters, and
with the “ four-in-hand ’’ carrying Lady F'itzivilliam and her
friends
About a year ago it was decided by the hunting people to
ask Lord Fitzwilliam if he would accept an oil painting of
himself on horseback, with portraits of some of his favourite
honnds. and he consented to sit for tbe same. When the project
became known throughout tbe hunt, the subscriptions flowed
in so rapidly that the committee found themselves in a
position to include in the picture, besides his Lordship, the
Ladies Alice and Alhreda Fitzwilliam, the huntsman. Frank
Bartlett, and his Lordship's faithful second horseman. George
Treton. Mr. W. H. Hopkins was the artist selected to paint
the picture, and this he has done most successfully, with the
assistance of Mr. Havel), who is responsible for the portraits.
Steamers arrived at Liverpool last week with live stock and
fresh meat from American and Canadian ports, bringing 3004
cattle, 2781 sheep, and 5150 quarters of beef.
The Jewish High Festival in celebration of tbe commence¬
ment of the new year of the Jewish calendar commenced on
Thursday—an exceptionally early date. Last year it was
thirteen dayB later, and in 1888 twenty-four days later.
EARL FITZ WILLI AM’S GOLDEN WEDDING.
Among the numerous presentations made to the Earl and
Countess Fitzwilliam in celebration of their golden wedding.
Sept. Id. 1888. not the least interesting is that from the miners
and workpeople employed at the Fitzwilliam Collieries, Elsecar
and Low Stubbin. This consists of an illuminated address,
with a beautiful illuminated album, containing 1000 signatures
of the subscribers, and a Norman cross, carved in oak which
reproduces the form of the ancient Sprotborongh cross,
the illuminated address is a very handsome and artistic
piece of workmanship. The body of the address is inscribed
U 1 . ' . English Text, and above it are emblazoned the
Fitzwilliam arm*. The whole is endowed in an elaborate
and tasteful floral border, of modern design. At the top,
and at the two sides, are vignettes, in sepia, one con¬
taining a view of H entworth House, one a representation of
the Norman cross, and the third a trophy of miners’ tools.
The address is placed in a handsome gilt frame, with the
Fitzwilliam arms carved to form a centrepiece. The illumin¬
ated album is also a work of art. On the first page is a photo¬
graph of the framed and illuminated address : the second page
hears an inscription recording the gift and its occasion ; the
names fill eleven pages, with a view of the collieries. The
rvlbtim is handsomely bound in cream morocco, with orna¬
mental pierced gold corners and clasp, and a centrepiece
engraved with the Fitzwilliam arms. It is enclosed in a
morocco case with a lock, with gold mountings. The decor¬
ations of the address and album were designed and executed
by Mr. It. C. Honey, of the firm of Parker and Honey, law-
stationers, bookbinders, and lithographers, Bank - street,
Sheffield. The carved-oak reproduction of the ancient Norman
cross was executed by Messrs. Thornhill and Co., New Bond-
sfcreet, London.
TUB FITZWILLIAM HUNT: PICTURE PRESENTED TO EARL FITZWILLIAM ON HIS GOLDEN WEDDING.
ASCENSION ISLAND.
It has at length been finally decided bv the Admiralty
abandon the use of the isle of Ascension as a coaling-statii
for ships of the Royal Navy. Ascension, which has been
isritisb naval station since 1820, having been first garrisoned
IV 'L by v a detachment of troops from St. Helena, and subs
quently by a company of Marines, is well known to all office
“a™ 1 service. It is situated in the South Atlant
ucean, moo miles from Africa, 760 miles from St. Helena, ai
Mttly 3o0° milee from England, the geographical positU
ueing in latitude i deg. 56 min. south of the Equator, ai
X.“ de U ? eg ' 25min - w <»t of Greenwich. The island
mil ftnd a half long, from west to east, and s
miles and a half broad, from north to south, with a surface.
eon.G,? 8h , 8qQare mile8 - rt » very rugged and barre
consisting of extinct volcanic craters, lava streams ai
was, more or less decomposed, and ravines filled wil
»®ona and pumice-stone. The Green Mountain, hoi
" R i ng ^ a height of 2820 ft., is wooded and
c ,_jr a ' t ?'?’ards the summit, has pieces of fertile et
moat re ink ? altl yation. The climate is esteemed one of tl
is W the , world ! the air is very dry, and the he
hoSr tempered by the south-east trade-wind ; in tl
shot, f the tem P er *ture ranges from 85 deg. on tl
«w the high land. There is little rain at ...
auTi’t2? d the few springs discovered in the woods yield bi
ChrUref 1 r‘ P «y!? of fre *h water. The sea-turtle come fro
to (-..'"ivf 10 Midsummer (which is not summer in Ascensioi
over re r 6888 '? thc eaad- They ore caught and turn.
Don.j. , P rev ent them from escaping, and are confined i
inc freJTntoTv 11 ? 1 they are 8ol<1 to the ships ; a turtle, weig
of a re;“ b .°° b ; 800 lh., fetches a price of £2 10s. The eg,
and sold 1 ? t °71^5 rd, 5i lled the “ wi<5 e-awake,” are also collect,
H ^ , Tbere is no Food harbour, but a bay on tl
Which 1 1 !} and . often with a heavy swell and high sm
year i andln . 8 troublesome in the earlier months of tl
f • “the shore of this hay is Georgetown, a little station, wil
store-houses, tanks, and a small fort, governed by a post-captain
of the Royal Navy. The inhabitants, as well as tho garrison,
are under naval discipline, insomuch that the whole island is
rated as a stationary vessel belonging to her Majesty's Fleet,
and is often called, in joke, H.M.S. Flora, tender to the guard-
ship at the Cape. All the work of building and road-making,
and laying out gardens, has been done by the garrison of
Royal Marines. Ascension was useful in former times as a
depot for the squadron employed in suppressing the slave-
trade between West Africa and Brazil. Since then, the Royal
Naval Hospital established on the top of Green Mountain has
been found beneficial, though its maintenance in such a
situation is too costly, and the scarcity of water is a serious
defect. The gardens of the hospital, and the " Home Gardens,”
have often been praised by visitors, and are very pleasant.
The inhabitants of Ascension number about two hundred
poople, and probably bat few families will remain when th
patronage of thc Royal Navy is taken away. It would then
be a safe place of retirement for any gentleman of a solitary
and contemplative disposition, who coaid there dine on turtle
more cheaply than in the City of London.
We are indebted to Surgeon Miller, R.N., of the Naval
Hospital at Ascension, for sending ns a series of photographic
views, taken by himself.
The marriage of Colonel Frank Shirley Russell, of Aden,
with Miss Philippa Baillie. younger daughter of the late
Right Hon. Henry James Baillie, of Redcastle, and Lady-in-
Waiting to the Duchess of Albany, took place in St. Margaret's
Church, Westminster, on Sept. I. Captain Burn Murdoch
(Royal Dragoons) attended the bridegroom as best man ; and
the six bridesmaids were the Misses Eila and Ida Baillie, the
Ladies Isabel aud May Browne, and Miss May Colville, all
cousins of the bride, and Miss Augusta Webb, of Newstead.
The Duchess of Albany, accompanied by the Dnke of Albany
aud Princess Alice, was present. The bride was led to tbe
altar by her uncle, Colonel Hngh Baillie, who afterwards gave
her away. The service was fully choral. The wedding
presents to tho bride include from the Dnehess of Albany a
gold bracelet set with diamonds and rabies, and an enlarged
photograph of herself ; the Duke of Albany, a silver tea-
caddy ; and Princess Alice of Albany, a piece of knitting
worked by herself. The officers of the Royal Dragoons pre¬
sented the bridegroom with a massive silver bowl.
"The Beginner's Guide to Photography," published by
Messrs. Perken and Rayment, of Hatton-garden, treats clearly
and concisely of the apparatus and requirements necessary to
engage in the delightful pastime of photography, and will be
found most useful to amateurs.
The Printers' fete at the Alexandra Palace, in aid of the
funds of the Printers’ Pension, Almshouse, and Orphan Asylnm
Corporation (“ Drummond" Pension), will take place on
Saturday, Sept. 8. Tbe programme includes two variety
entertainments, military tournament, athletic sports, Caxton
Minstrels, grand English opera, Professor Baldwin's balloon
ascent, a display of fireworks, and a quadrille party in the
evening.
From statistics just published, dealing with the richest men
living, we learn that there are abont 700 with over a million
sterling, of whom 200 reside in England, 100 in the United
States, 100 in Germany and Austria, 75 in France, 50 in Russia,
50 in India, and 125 in other oountries. Thc richest amongst
those millionaires are the followingJay Gould, the
American railway king, worth £55,000.000, annual income.
£2,800,000; Mackay, £50,000.000, £2,500,000; Rothschild
(England), £40,000,000, £2,000,000 ; Vanderbilt, £25,000,000,
£2,250,000; .1. B. Jones (United States), £20,000,000,
£1,000,000; Duke of Westminster, £16,000,000, £800,000;
.1. J. Astor (United States), £10,000,000, £500,000; W.
Stewart (United States), £8,000,000, £400,000 ; J. G. Bennett
(United States), £6,000.000, £300,(KK); Duke of Sutherland,
£6,000,000, £300,000 ; Duke of Northnmlicrland, £5,(XXI,000,
£250,000; Marquis of Bute, £4,000,000, annual income
£ 200 , 000 .
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Eei-t. 8, 1888.—292
GENERAL VIEW OP ASCENSION ISLAND. FROM GREEN MOUNTAIN.
BUNG-HOLE-SQUARE, FACTORY, AND STABLES.
THE TURTLE BONDS.
END OP ROAD UP BILL, ENTRANCE TO HOME GARDENS.
ROYAL NAVAL HOSPITAL, GREEN MOUNTAIN.
e
s-
reply to many inquiries, we recommend the Maison Jay’s. This house, long established, makes mourning a specialty, and is excelled by no other house in
.London or Paris for the beauty of the work, the quality of the materials, or the style of manufacture.”
JAY’S, REGENT-STREET. LONDON.
SEPT. 8, 1S8S
294
THE ILLUSTRATED L OX I) OX NEWS
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will and three codicils of the late Gnstavus Lambart
lla-set, Esq.. have been proved by tho executors and trustees,
William Francis Higgins, Esq., and Edmund Chase Marriott,
Es [. The will recites that under a family settlement (dated
March 11, 1854). and under the will of John Francis Basset, the
testator was tenant for life and his son tenant in tail of the
Basset estates, which became the property of the Basset family
i i the twelfth century, and had since that time been held in
the direct male line, and the testator desires that his son on
coming of age shall resettle the estates in the manner indicated
in the will. The testator bequeaths to his widow, Mrs. Basset,
legacies, pecuniary and specific, in addition to the provisions
made for her by marriage settlement. The testator further
bequeaths to each of his trustees £1000, and to Mr. Marriott
the further legacy of £ 1000 and his gold watch ; to his annt,
the Hon. Jane Moreton, an annuity of £100; to Henrietta
Price and Helene Price, and the survivor, an annuity of £ 120 ;
to William Bond the elder, an annuity of £120 ; to his butler,
Uriah Rice, an annuity of £So ; to Mary Elizabeth Connor, £1
per week ; to Edward Young, 5s. per week : to Walter Bucker-
ti ‘Id. a legacy of £30 and an annuity of £25 ; to Jane Wilson,
an annuity of £30. The residue of the testator's estate is
bequeathed to the trustees of the will, upon trust, for bis only
son. Arthur Francis Basset, if he should attain the age of
twenty-one and execute the resettlement directed by the will;
but if ho should die under twenty-one, upon trust, for Mrs.
Basset, during her life. and. after her death, upon trusts cor¬
responding to the present settlement of the Basset estates ; and
if he should attain the age of twenty-one and not execute the
resettlement, then, upon trusts, for the benefit of the testator's
friend William Henry Campion and his family ; and if such
trusts should fail, then, upon trust, to pay the annual sum of
£ilnh to the Miners' Hospital at Redruth, and the annual sum
of £;S!>t) to the Women's Hospital at Redruth, and to hold the
residue, upon trust, for St. George's Hospital, Hyde Park-
corner. The net value of the personal estate is sworn at
£ 102,598 5s. 5d.
The will (dated March 8, 1888) of Mr. Joseph Sherwood,
late of No. 81, Weslboume-terrace, Hyde Park, who died on
June 27 last at Westgate-on-Sea, was proved on Aug. 21 by
Carr Wigg and Thomas Henry Sherwood, the nephews, tho
executors, the value of tho personal estate amounting to
upwards of £95.000. The testator bequeaths £500 to the
Clergy Ladies' Homes (Formosa-street, Maida-hill. and West¬
moreland - road, Westbourne - park) ; £3<t(J to the London
Diocesan Deaconess Institution (Tavistock - crescent. West-
bourne-park) ; £200 each to the Society for Promoting Christian
Knowledge, the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in
Foreign Paris, the Society for Promoting the Employment of
Additional Curates in Populous Places, the National Society
for the Education of the Poor, King's College Hospital, and
St. Michael's Convalescent Home (Westgatc-on-Sea); £100
each to the Asylum for Female Orphans, the School for the
Indigent Blind', the Asylum for Deaf and Dumb Children,
the Friend of the Clergy Corporation, the Philanthropic
School (Redhill), the Clergy Orphan Corporation, the
Infant Orphan Asylum, the London Orphan Asylum, the
Church Penitentiary Association, the Corporation of the Sons
of the Clergy, the Curates’ Augmentation Fund, St. John's
Foundation School (Leatherhead), the Blue-coat School
(Westminster), the British Orphan Asylum, the Governesses'
Benevolent Institution, the National Benevolent Institution,
the Foundling Hospital Benevolent Fund, the Asylum for
Idiots (Earlswood). the Metropolitan Convalescent Institution,
tho City of London Truss Society, the Seaside Convalescent
Home (Seaford). the East London Church Fund, and the Poor
Clergy Relief Corporation; and considerable legacies, upon
trust, for nephews and nieces, including £10,000, upon trust,
for his niece Mrs. Sarah Gay and her children ; and legacies
also to friends, executors, late clerk, and servants. Theultimate
residue of bis real and personal estate he leaves to his nieces
and nephews Mrs. Elizabeth Jane Oliver, Mrs. Anna Hedlev,
Carr Wigg. and Thomas Henry Sherwood, in equal shares.
The will (dated Juno 24. 1880), with a codicil (dated
Sept. 8, 1885). of Mr. Frederick Vickers, late of Dykes Hall,
Wadsley, Ecclesfield, York, steel manufacturer, who died on
April Ho last, was proved on Aug. 25 last by Thomas Edward
Vickers, the brother, one of the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £71,000. Subject to a
legacy of £ 10(H) and his household furniture and effects to his
wit'e. M rs. Maria Vickers, the testator leaves all his real and per¬
sonal estate, upon trust, to pay half the annual income thereof
to his wife during her life or widowhood, but in the event of
her again marrying she is only to receive an annuity of £800.
Subject thereto, he leaves all his property to his children, in
equal shares.
The will (dated April 29, 1887) and four codicils (three
dated Aug. 23, ls.87 ; and one, March 19, 1S8S) of the Rev.
George Edward Prescott, Rector of Digswell, Herts, who died
on June 25 last, were proved on Aug. 1.3 last by Mrs. Caroline
Mary Prescott, the widow, Charles Henry Prescott, and Henry
Warner Prescott, the executors, the value of the personal estate
exceeding £55.000. The testator bequeaths £1000. all his
household furniture, plate, horses and carriages, and live and
dead stock to his wife, Mrs. Caroline Mary Prescott,; £20
each to the Clergy Orphan Association, the Poor Clergy
Relief Association, tho Friends of the Clergy Association,
the Bishop of St. Albans Fund and the Herts Local
branches of the Church Pastoral Aid Society, tho Church
Missionary Society, the Society for the Propagation of the
Gospel in Foreign Parts, the Society for the Employment of
Additional Curates, the Hertford General Infirmary, and the
Herts Seaside Convalescent Homes; £1 each to the present
members of the Digswell Coal and Clothing Club, and numerous
legacies and annuities to relatives and servants. He devises
the advowson. donation, right of patronage, and presentation of
the living of Digswell to his nephew, Arthur Phillimore: and
his messuages, hereditaments, marsh and other lands in tho
county of Kent, upon trust, for his wife, for life, and. at her
death, to his grandnephew and godson William George Prescott
Decie. and his heirs. The residue of his real and personal
estate ho leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life, and, at her
decease, between the children of his sister, Mrs. Harriet
Phillimore (except Georgiana Phillimore), his late sisters,
Lady Preston and Mrs. Preston, and his late brother, Colonel
Prescott.
The will (dated Dec. 3. 1870) of Captain James St. Clair
Doyle, late of No. 49, Cobhain-street, Gravesend, formerly of
the' 53rd Foot, who died on July 15, was proved on Aug. 24 by
Mrs. Anne Doyle, the widow and sole executrix, the value of
the personal estate being sworn to'exceed £30,000. The testator
gives, devises, and bequeaths all his real and personal estate
whatsoever and wheresoever to his wife, Mrs. Anne Doyle,
absolutely.
The will (dated March 11 1888) and a codicil (dated
June 30. 1887) of Mr. Joseph Withers, formerly of No. 1,
Shortors'-eonrt, Old Broad-street, stockbroker, and late of
Bnrleigh House. Enfield, who died on July 12, were proved on
Aug. 2. by Mis. Emma Mary Withers, the widow, George
John Braikcnridge, and Henry John Winney, the executors,
the value of the personal estate exceeding £29,000. The
testator leaves all his property .to his wife, Mrs. Emma Mary
Withers, for her own use and benefit.
The will (dated May 2, 1876) of Mr. Robert Alexander
Clarke, late of Moses Gate, No. 41, Bolton-place, Farnwortb,
Lancaster, who died on Jtme 13 last, was proved on Ang. 23 by
Mrs. Agnes Clarke the widow', John Holden Clarke and James
Macfarlane Clarke the sons, and William Alexander Ferguson,
the executors, the value of tho personal estate exceeding
£2fi,000. The testator directs that all his real and personal
estate is to be converted into money, and then equally divided
between all his children.
FOREIGN NEWS.
King Humbert unveiled at Ravenna on Sept. 1 monuments to
the Martyrs to Liberty, and to Anita, wife of Garibaldi. On
his Majesty's departure from the town there was another out¬
burst of popular enthusiasm, and it was noticed that in the
crowd were a number of Garibaldians, who wore red shirts.
On the 3rd, King Humbert visited Faenza, where he received
a hearty welcome. His Majesty afterwards returned to
Forli, and, accompanied by the Crown Prince, the Duke of
Aosta, and his son, the Count of Turin, proceeded to the
railway station to meet Queen Margherita. On her Majesty's
arrival the Royal party drove to the palace through the
streets thronged with people, who cheered vociferously, and
threw showers of flowers into the Royal carriage as it passed.
The King and Queen afterwards appeared several times on the
balcony. In connection with the manoeuvres of the Italian
army. King Humbert, the Queen, Crown Prince, and Minister
for War. on the 4th. reviewed the troops on the parade-ground
near Forli. The people cheered the soldiers and the Royal
family.
The Gorman Emperor left Potsdam early on Ang. 30. met
the Crown Prince of Greece and Prince Henry, and inspected
same infantry and cavalry, afterward- heading a squadron to
the late Emperor's palace. His Majesty subsequently received
the Austrian Archduke Karl Ludwig, the Archduchess, tho
King of Sweden, and other distinguished personages. The
Emperor, accompanied by his future brother-in-law, tho
Crown Prince of Greece, went on Sept. 4 to the manoeuvres
near Jiiterbogk. His Majesty returned in the afternoon
to Potsdam, but the Crown Prince of Greece remained
with the troops until the end of the week.—The christening
of the youngest of the Hobenzollern Princes, the first
born son of a reigning German Emperor, took place on
Aug. 31 in Frederick the Great's Library in tho Potsdam
Palace, in exact accordance with the traditional usage of the
House of Hohenzollern—the child receiving the names of
“Oscar, Carl,‘Gustav, Adolf.”—The betrothal of Princess
Sophie, daughter of the Empress Frederick and third sister of
the Emperor William, with the Duke of Sparta, Crown Prince
of Greece, took place at Potsdam on Sept. 3. The Princess,
who is, of course, a grand-daughter of Queen Victoria, is
eighteen ; while the Greek Crown Prince, who is a nephew of
the Princess of Wales, is a little over twenty.—The Empress
Frederick has been on a visit to the Prince of Wales and
Princess Christian at Hombnrg. — Prince Bismarck has dis¬
patched a telegram to the Pope, in which he explains the
reasons of the approaching visit of the Emperor William to
Rome. The Chancellor says that the alliance with Italy is
indispensable to Germany, and that its object is to secure the
predominance of peace principles in Europe.—The anniversary
of the Battle of Sedan was celebrated at Berlin on Sept. 1
by a revietv of the Guards by the Emperor. in the presence of
the King of Saxony and other distinguished visitors.
The Emperor of Austria paid a visit on Sept. 1 to tho
Czarina at the Villa Cumberland, at Gmiindcu. He subse¬
quently called on tho Princess of Wales. The distinguished
visitors all lunched together, after which his Majesty took his
departure. The Czarina left in the evening for Russia.—The
Emperor Francis Joseph, the Crown Prince Rudolph, the
Archduke Albrecht, the Austrian War Minister, and the
Chief of the General Staff have been at l’isek, in Bohemia,
where manoeuvres with two complete Infantry Divisions
and one brigade of the Landwehr were to have taken
place on the 3rd. Tho rain of the last week, however,
sa completely converted the manoeuvre ground into a
lake that all operations were impossible. Under these
circumstances, the Emperor contented himself with a march-
past of the assembled troops. On the 4th the Emperor left Pisck
for Budweis. in Bohemia, which has been completely flooded
by the overflow of the Moldau. His Majesty lias had a most
enthusiastic reception in Bohemia.—The national rifle meeting
of Austria, held in Vienna this year in honour of tlie
Emperor s fortieth year of reign, was opened on the 2nd
under most depressing conditions of w'catber. All the princi¬
pal streets of the city were beflagged, and crowds assembled to
witness the arrival of deputations of riflemen from every part
of the country. But it rained incessantly.—The International
Congress of Geologists and Engineering Miners assembled at
Vienna on the 3rd. Of the 400 members tile majority are
Austrians and Hungarians; but there are also delegates from
Germany, France, Belgium, and Italy.
The Emperor of Russia, with his younger son, Michael,
returned to Peterliof on Sept, 3 from the Grand Duke Serge's
country seat at Ilinskoe. near Moscow. The Empress, with
the Heir-Apparent and his sister Xenia, also returned to
Peterliof from Austria. The Czar, accompanied by the Czarina,
has started on a two months' tour through the southern Govern¬
ments of the Empire.—General Prjevalskv started on Ang. 3d
on his exploring expedition in Central Asia. His intention is
to penetrate as far as Lhassa, in Thibet, travelling by way of
the Lob Nor Lake in Eastern Turkestan.
The King of Denmark, accompanied by his brother, Prince
John of Gliicksburg, returned to Copenhagen on Sept. 4, from
Wiesbaden; they were received by the Queen and other
members of the Danish Royal family, including the King of
the Hellenes.
The Consistorial Court at Belgrade, to which was referred
King Milan’s petition for a divorce from Queen Natalie, lias
adjourned the proceedings for three months.
The Duke of Edinburgh arrived at Constantinople on
Aug. 29, and, after being welcomed by Turkish Ministers on
behalf of the Sultan, he landed, and was conveyed with his
suite in Imperial carriages to Yildiz Kiosk, where the Sultan
received him. Sir William White, the British Ambassador,
gave a dinner in honour of the Duke of Edinburgh on tho
30th. There were present at the banquet Kiamil Pasha. Said
Pasha, the members of the Diplomatic Body, and some of the
principal Court and State functionaries. After the dinner a
reception was held at the Embassy. The illuminations on
both banks of the Bosphorus, on the 31st, to celebrate the
anniversary of the Sultan's accession, were on a grander scale
than usual because of the presence of the Duke of Edinburgh.
On Sept. 1 his Royal Highness dined with the Sultan, and
attended the regatta. In the evening he dined at the Embassy.
The Sultan has conferred upon the Duke the gold and silver
medals of the Nichan-i-Imtiaz Order. His Royal Highness left
Constantinople on the 2nd.
The United States House of Representatives have passed a
Bill making it unlawful hereafter for Chinese labourers to
return to tbc United States after having left the country.
Sir John Macdonald, the Premier, arrived at Ottawa on
Ang. 30 from his recent tour. The Cabinet will shortly arrange
for the discussion of the admission of Newfoundland into tho
Canadian Confederation.
The Queensland Ministry has resigned, in consequence of
the refusal of the Governor to sanction the release, under ll.c
Offenders Probation Act, of a prisoner under sentence for
larceny.
We learn from New Zealand that a serious earthquake took
place on Sept. 1 throughout both islands. Five distinct shocks
were felt, causing the inhabitants to flee from their homos.
At Christchurch the cathedral spire was injured, and ether
buildings were damaged, but no lives were lest.
The great firework festival of the year is undoubtedly
Brock's Benefit, at the Crystal Palace, which took place on
Sept. 8, with, as usual, a long and varied day s enjoyment,
ending with the great display and illumination for which
the natural and artistic beauties of the Crystal Palace are so
splendidly adapted.
The lists of the names of those persons liable to serve as
special and common jurymen in England and Wales during the
year are exhibited on the doors of every church, chapel, and
other public places of worship over England and Wales, where
they can be inspected by everyone, and where they will remain
during the next two Sundays.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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296
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 8, 1888
and so varied is the
scenery of this island that every taste can be gratified.
And not only is there scenery to attract, bub every town,
every village, we had almost said every hamlet, has some
association that links the present with the post. We learn
history as we travel in England : the history which ought
to have tho greatest interest for U9 ; and how pleasantly
acquired is the knowledge gained in this way! When
oji a holiday, indeed, the delight to be won from Nature
will be our first object. We ask for perfect freedom to
wander where we list, with or without a definite purpose;
wo don't want to see sights or to gain acquaintance with
all the “ lions ” of the guide-books. Independence is the
happy traveller’s first law ; you mar his enjoyment if you tell
him to visit some great house or picture gallery, a famous
church, or half-ruined castle! Let him take his chance of
seeing or not seeing, for it is what is unexpected in travel that
gives the greatest delight to the traveller. The man who in
his eagerness to get knowledge and to miss nothing follows with
the minutest attention the directions of his Hand-book, is not
the kind of companion I should choose in a tour about Eng¬
land. And, indeed, unless by special good fortune one finds
a friend whose likes and dislikes harmonise with one’s own,
I feel inclined to agree with Milton that “ solitude some¬
times is best society."
The most wayward tourist is supposed to make his choice
of locality before starting on his travels—though I know men,
and have a fellow-feeling with them, who trust to what is
called the chapter of accidents, and who, after starting, let us
say, for a tour in Dorsetshire, find themselves at nightfall in
Devon.
There is beauty enough in either county to fill eye and
heart to overflowing through many a month’s pilgrimage.
Charles II. said of Dorset, which he knew only too well, that
he had never seen a finer country in. England or out of it; and
assuredly the western part of the shire is worthy even of this
eulogy. The coast line is very fine, and the county, though
destitute of rivers, abounds in streams; the land is hilly,
though not mountainous ; the views in all directions are
beautiful; and it has been justly said that few counties so
thoroughly repay the pedestrian tourist. The fine scenery in
the neighbourhood of Lyme is dear to all who know it; and
don’t we all remember (for, of course, every reader of this
paper is familiar with Jane Austen) the youthful party that
drove on a November day to the old town, and how one ad¬
venturous young lady, jumping off the Cobb, materially assisted
the novelist’s plot by hurting herself in doing so! “ Per¬
suasion ” should be a popular volume among summer readers
at Lyme.
This, however, is not the place to talk of books, though it
is scarcely possible to visit North Devon without a thought
of “ Lorna Doone ” and of Kingsley’s “ Westward Ho ! ”
Emerson said that to know England well would take a
century : to know Devonshire as it deserves to be known, even
in its northern district, will need many a week of pedestrian
travel. One of the finest bits of scenery in Devonshire is said
to be the descent into Lynmouth by the Barnstaple road ; but
the scenery all round Lynton and Lynmouth is so superlatively
beautiful that no single view can fairly claim precedence. I
do not know anything even in the Lake country that will
satisfy more fully the lover of nature. The Lyn, bounding
over its rocks until, on reaching Lynmonth, the sea rushes up
to meet it, has nob the serene beauty of some of the South
Devon rivers; but in it8 own vehement, eager way it is
unrivalled. Sad to say, no poet has sung its charms ; bnt no
matter ! A river that can never bo forgotten by those who
have once known and loved it may well be content with the
affection that is more humbly expressed in prose. Lynmouth,
it has been asserted,is. for a few summer months—and assuredly
September may be included among them—the Paradise of
England ; but later on the narrow valley surrounded by lofty
hills loses its sunshine, and with sunshine its joyousness
departs. Lynmouth is but one spot among a hundred in
Devonshire that may allure the rambler. When he has seen
Clovelly, with its ladder-like street and lovely Hobby Woods ;
when he has boated on the Tamar and the Dart; when he has
explored Dartmoor, through all its wildest recesses—then he
will be able to say that he knows a little about Devon, and I
am sure he will add also that he longs to know more.
Another English county in which a month of travel may
be spent cheerily is Surrey—which has the smoke of London in
one corner, while in another Nature Beems to be far removed
from the gloom and stir of town, so fair are its rural solitudes,
its noble woods, its heath-covered commons, its half-wild, half-
cultivated parks, and the prospects from its hills. In Surrey,
near as it is to London, the traveller comes face to face with
Nature, for there is many a spot in the little county where
he may wander for some distance and hear no voices but hers.
Let him find his way, for example, from Albury to Ewhurst,
from Abinger to Leith Hill, from Hindhead to Blackmoor. and
if he love solitude and his own thoughts he can enjoy them to
the full.
Sussex, too, like Surrey, is a county full of natural
charms, but being at the Londoner’s door it is apt to be
neglected. Its watering-places are familiar enough, but the
characteristics of Sussex scenery are not to be found at
Brighton or Bognor, at Eastbourne or Hastings. It is on the
Downs and under their shadow that the lover of nature will
find a rich reward. The “ tremendous height ” of these
Downs appalled the poet Cowper a little unreasonably ; and
I don’t agree with Gilbert White, who, however, seldom
uses the wrong word in describing nature, when he called
them a “chain of majestic mountains.” The writer of
Murray’s “ Hand-book of Sussex,” however, says, with truth,
that the South Downs, which extend for fifty-three miles in
length, with an average height of about 500 feet, are quite as
interesting as many parts of the Continent that enjoy a far
higher reputation. Any tourist unfamiliar with these fine
heights, and the out-of-the-world villages that nestle beneath
them, should read Mr. Jennings’s " Field-Paths and Green
Lanes,” a volume it is impossible to lay down without wishing
to follow in the author’s track.
Looking over the map, what happy memories cheer the
man who has been accustomed from year to year to wander
about England! He will agree with the saying of Thomas
Fuller, that it is well to know his native land before going
over the threshold. Would that leisure were as inexhaustible
as the charms of our English scenery ! But if the late summer
and pleasant autumn time is not in too great a hurry to fade into
winter, much lasting delight may be gained even from a few
weeks of travel. Thanks to the railroad, it is easy, in a few hours,
to reach the district we may select for our rambles ; and whether
it be Derbyshire, with its lovely dales, or Yorkshire, which in
its vast space includes almost every variety of scenery ; or the
Lake country, with its thousand poetical associations ; or the
still wild border-land of which Scott has written so delight¬
fully—whether the tourist choose Norfolk for its churches, or
Somersetshire for the fine scenery of its Mendips and Quant-
ocks, or Cornwall for its unrivalled coast views, he can hardly
fail to gain a store of happy memories for winter hours. And
such memories have no drawbacks, for we forget or laugh at
the little annoyances to which all travellers are liable, and
think only of the things of beauty that served to make the
way cheery. _ J. D.
The Cheshire Agricultural Society’s show opened at Chester
oil Aug. 31 in brilliant weather, under the presidency of the
Duke of Westminster, with a total of 475 entries, a larger
number than last year at Crewe; for although the entry of
cattle, horses, sheep, and pigs show a slight falling off, the
deficiency is more than made up in the splendid show of cheese
and butter, seeds and vegetables, and farm produce. In the
cheese classes there was a keen competition.
The three months during which the Inner Temple Gardens
were open to the public nightly ended on Aug. 31, and
it is satisfactory to state that, notwithstanding the largo
numbers of children who visited these gardens on every lino
evening, there was not the slightest damage done to either
plants, shrubs, or trees.—The gardens of Lincoln’s Inn will
remain open for the benefit of the poor children inhabiting
the surrounding densely-populated districts until the end of
September from five o'clock in the evening untill dusk.
THE MANUFACTinaiNa
GOLDSMITHS' & SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY,
Show-Rooms : 112, REGENT-STREET, LONDON, W. (stereoscopic Company)
Supply the Public direct at Manufacturers’ Cash Prices, saving Purchasers from 25 to 50 per Cent.
TTIGH-CLASS JEWELLERY.
The Stock of Bracelets. Brooches. Ear¬
ring, Necklets, <fcc., Is the largest and choicest
In Lindon, anil contains designs of rare beauty
an.l oxeellenco not to be obtained elsewhere, on
Inspection of which Is respectfully Invited.
ORIENTAL PFARLS.—Choice
^ strung Pearl Necklaces, in single, throe,
or five rows, from £10 to £6000; also an im¬
mense varictv of Pearl and Gold mounted
Ornaments, siiitablo for Bridesmaids and Bridal
Present).
PEARL and DIAMOND
* ORNAMENTS.—A magnlllcent and vari-nl
collection to select from.
•RRIDAL PRESENTS.—Special
attention 1, devoted to the production of
olo?ant and Inexpensive novelties Ml:table for
n, l.lesnutids’ Presents. Original designs and
estimates prepared treo of charge.
-REDDING PRESENTS.
COMPLIMENTARY PRESENTS.
rjAUTION.—The Company regret
^ to And that many of their Designs aro
being copied In a very inferior quality, charged
at higher prices,and inserted in a similar form
of advertisement, which la calculated to mis¬
lead the public.
“A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS.”
“ We know of no enterprise of recent
years which has been crowned with greater
success than the Goldsmiths’ and Silversmiths’
Company, of 112, Regent-street, who, just seven
years ago, opened their show-rooms to place
the productions of their workshops direct
before the public, thus sating purchasers tho
numerous Intermediate profits which aro ob¬
tained by • middle-men ' on high-class goods,
Such has been the appreciation by the public
that the Company have now the largest business
In England, and are quite supplanting the old-
fashioned houses that prldo themselves upon
having been established so many decades, but
have utterly failed to keep pace with tho times,
and And it Impossible to depart from their long
credit system, entailing bad debts, for which cash
buyers have to compensate.’’—Court Journal.
Pine Pearl Necklet, in best Morocco Csae, £11 10a.
Th* JIbliabl*."—L ady’s Gold Keyless Lever Watch, fully jewelled
movement, plain cases; hunter, demi-huntor, or crystal glass, with
handsomely-engraved monogram, £10. If with ricUly-
engraved Cases, 10s. extra.
TNIAMOND ORNAMENTS. — A
magn 111 cent assortment of Rings, Stars,
Sprays, Flies, Necklaces, &c., comjxjsed of th*
finest White Diamonds, mounted In special and
original designs, and sold direct to the public
at merchants* cash prices.
SAPPHIRES from Ceylon, but
with London cutting, mounted alone, or
with Diamonds, in a great variety of ornaments.
JJOVELTIES.—A succession of
Novelties by the Company’s own artlst9
and designers is constantly being produced to
anticipate the requirements of purchasers.
rjASH PRICES.—The Company,
conducting their business both in buying
and selling for cash, are enabled to offer pur¬
chasers groat advantages over the usual credit
houses. All goods arc marked in plain figures
for cash without discount.
APPROBATION.- Selected
^ parcels of goods forwarded to the country
on approval when desired. Correspondents,
not being customers, should send a London
reference or deposit,
POUNTRY CUSTOMERS have,
^ through this means, the advantage of
being supplied direct from an Immense London
stock, containing all tho latest novelties, and
which arc not obtainable In provincial tow f ns.
pOLONIAL AND FOREIGN
v Orders executed with the utmost care and
faithfulness under the immediate supervision
of a member of the Company. Where the selec¬
tion is left to the firm, customers may rely upon
good taste and discretion being used, and tho
prices being exactly the same as if a personal
selection were made.
ESTIMONIALS.—The nnmerons
recommendations with which the Gold-
ths’ Company have been favoured by dia¬
lers, la n pleasing testimony to the excellence
1 durability of their manufactures.
LD JEWELLERY, Diamonds,
and Plato taken In exchange or bought
cash.
rEDALS—Awarded Seven Gold
L anil Prize Medals and Oio Logion ™
nonr, a special distinction conferred oni tills
m for thecxco lienee of their manufactures.
ATALOGUE containing
GOLDSMITHS' AND SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY, 112, REGENT-STREET.
CATALOGUE POST-FREE.
SEPT. 8, 1888
NEW MUSIC.
QHAPPELL and C<VS POPULAR MUSIC
POPLAR opera.
success after a run of^seven hundrednights in th^provi^ 1l0at
“ Pepin. is a hie .
till inuair. replete with Imiii,,™ , . ,, "V 111 <£ hour mne-
to Ybll Toole's Tlietttrc."—.staiidarfl dn, "“ ,c «*--
pEPITA LANCERS.
pEPITA A WALTZ. ^ et -
JZIJL LIJSTBAT ED LONDON N EWS
c — AT M He E R ' i
297
--- - UP Il UXVQUn.
C'tOOOLar MEKIER^n i J
, VX „f iVnrOTBv ..P? 1 INHIBIT]
D' p LOMgoV f 5o» 0t1 n.
T --- Marvellously a.eap E^ Kingdom toGhu,
m 4 lh snrl la . Ireland to iScotland 1fc,cur81HD Fares from England
C^ESu^^SmOK-PBAMBD
- •-irfa^s.'sajarss a
PJSS
I'roiioiiiiceil ■>)- tlao tiisrlieat JndtnSt.1 KSSSri t ?° R" ,no "».
m duality of tune. ILLU8TUATRI) T inro®i!^ l i* n " O, liorij
CriAPPKM. and Co.. 50. Now Bond -’•tree!®undT*'V-oSitry. K.r.
J ° 11 N „ R „°, A BWO 0 D and SONS
;5SS IIMIM Sr '
_ ,,<5 *t Kol-ftlt. in,;.
M 0 ,?i E r?„S 0 f ^rPro 8 from Ifii P ,
State". fr-mt.KM., or M...‘."cVh.
1 nU 1 to - Bl »»‘"P*gato-w tthin, London; E.C.
KSSlEwasfs
hearing the mine of - Krnrd**whirh *£"T./r* \ ro '‘ e,,| v Sold
pRARDS' PIAN0S^W.^~^
Ska\H! j' 1 1' fr "'" x *’ p,,i oens.
''HAM’S, from U'Siftunea*.
“ rallli # Sf.rKK' 1 1 1 ’ 1 ’ "-"i1
The Beat Holiday ProiTrinS Vt
satWBjiMfrKsi'=SCS3
*aaaaaa» saS^^^xK^wsag
--«icetHla:6,M,(.«ii h / "tt.u.uiy.ttotynma „ . „
C hocolatmenier! p^T - ——_ A*A' a.
Sold Everywhere.
JJRIGHTON—Cheap First Class Day Tickets
sssfe gniiIIP#-'
Paris,
London,
..-.... , * *•
WHAT IS YOUR ORFCT TXT-' ' «IS MAJESTY the KINO of ITALY.
| Prr„d,th,.,
__ Oies. WpiirUan and. fnvIuti mi/SZi. e “»!» v
fM'aid 7*Kui
SHIRTS -FORD'S “ EUREKA SHIRTS
„ ..raSx^rx-,,, mius -
... . ... n. Ponrt and eo !'V>! ,KV ' rel ':
PLATE 1 M
Bcwaa gt
This *•**.
’nU'W&'t I? y»«|«LV^? , } '|Sitari'r com-
.g^M- Diin.ltiiiV.i,,, i)n g~^ n .* 'ffl* # , ■ 'm
SJ;— CO^EGE, Catford-bridge,
SHIRTS^FORD-s eureka ~
Hen.lemTXlX’P'tiXST! I ", li ">' n,ade."_o,,.e rfrt
sh.mldtry FOFI |,s E I’iIek A? /lo^.: ,,,a,i, - v
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R'tMAx'oi^Kr,,:’' ,iw
SSHiiStgS'riX:
—Sjiccnf Bay It,. lur „ T„-lt,.t,, 1 ^, ,n,. M ..,„ d
P AKI 4T^S s Sp?Peape^^,
EXPRESS DAY ^kWCStC^^der--
Vict ori .B,., l0D I '™^B ; id«e
Monday, Sept, lo J ?;, m I>«P A?J
U ?s*
Thursday, ’ 13 ,, ’» *> 20 7 40 11
Friday, ” 14 21 ^ >» # 3f» „ 7 4(l ”
*PIXKH'REiiVI;■ K, k"\.. V A Win. if £ ”
. . l, ' m ™
IMANOFOKTIW
at excejitn
r. Chancel, :
ir Tiircc-ycars’ System. "
- m _-.— rS'
(JREAT eastern railway.
rannln^'YARMnrTH^wSn'c? TItAIXS '» »..»•
»f5Sa:?.-5S^
"'Willi?tv"‘‘‘ |B ‘ ,jt »i | tm' , 1 » r " l,lJ w Sa,,,rd »r to Tuesday
on other days.' 'oAsSday^itaafU;;:''
Lj.’tlthln'se'M i | , " ,r ”"' nin ’- .
- 1X1 B XT A • Apri .iy, Sccrotarj-.
.
L hkxr^ mn*. B A?ur m-7w ******
KVEHV SATI KDAY at n'' 11N J N(i ,H^ 1 > 11 MAN(‘e
Fr.n ii TEN to FIVE."*’ B " ffltv ( * Mr - J - M"r.“t) ojien
^is,r«.f, 8 do^ rnifi.»::^';K ,^i:^ r ,,i!;;;r
_ ,>r, P®-List8 free
Ine linen, three forfis’- Rn,lcrio r "r L '° JlRr | -- - ,w " ,,tcniltt - |llt KXA» ; co.N. rroonemr
j D 1 ™- ^^ the ^
3 .—The onlv FT.AWvr bitttwm ! d’h.Vnv 1 to.vi»
heon awarded t ., ., „ ...
»Hd iii'Mlera’re l-rico of
1 api> 1 cat 1 on.—Itegen t-st reel, W.
^SSwSgji^ssaisaS
Carriage free Writn f„J n.V. : |, **lrR Qunlity two for •>-«’
^ and CO \S PIANOS
A EVERY ^ 4 Hmi N0S *
Role Agency, 1 70, New BondS’reet. W.
5 110 EECOND-HAND^PIANOS for~SALE;
GENTLEMEN\S~nfDFR
cl.es, . Pan^i;; V.X'i"if.a 3 ? 'P.inehea'
Ha If. Ho-
J: I'aiit.
■s. R. FORD anil'
'If-nuMisiirc
• ending walks.^ Parks, n.,,1,,; , ilIM . lt;c
11, Pnifirietor.
Gr^J x P i^. SAI-R-pp of LONDON
TIIO.MAS OKTEM!\Nn‘
7, Haker-i
’t, London, 1
PKiS.? ! PIANOS.^. (
cash, of |..m-h:isiiiM n-all vl ,?i p,... ,i "? rf> al,,, ’ rn l*»y
...
Of Pianette*; !
?i,ev'“Vt^pt
I of all 1
^SSrStd a T * W Schw «XRrhaus.
-- -- .. . | IdlrKnUdSl! Iw.SS.ftT
T hree popular ~n^ 77 .”te K ^g gg
r,XH-- ac L P TER ’ I L V,^®,ENE-Hotels Sehweizerhof and
crownsvo. giri es, a c> j n 3 voK. I f« the .Schwci/.. r |,of tiu»s. m/.v«i r o n .*. * Wo new llf t» added
PAID in his own COIV Bv e t . .>^ s „
ciwn'i.V:; DMA3f - *"«•<* ft "Too cS;„s.- B fn I- h ^O.«»», Pn, prl ,
H USH
T,.. . . 1 ’ P "rtnigjitiy and |
\r\tv ?'■*'«" tmin.
Rc^w»i , ,, 1 L;j(,«"V 1 ld^”j 1 s 1 H I K ^
on other days.'
LsLSVi , l" , " r * "«■ Rills.
— ' ' ■• W'M, RtnT. General Manaper.
..s=:s'Ka®i3=
nn .in!! 1 , h J" c .t X Ifk hi mt;
I; rijrXS/.T^rX V;t-X-.Me.and Sydney.
w-iih New Zealnnd,'Australia, tlmf FiiiVin'r h«V n, ‘** e c, ‘ nt "' r ''''I
terms. ,,ami h| J» <>n the most favonniMo
i?5 , ~“'£S?r.5!:a
■ A " '■ 'J.'ecn Viet.H-iii.ltreeifMai| l . 1 |,Xi A .m'sn ,f p*rt Rirefii.r.
W A a EK ,P' s crystal CASE WATCHFS
_ ALKK1 ‘. "■ t-"i nl.ill; and an, ncscnl-atrect.
ZIIAXS and TO. ■•;. Raker-.
Author of
_ _ RKVn ' EV * nJ Kt, v . New Hurliiigton-street. I
R-ay
EOU. The Last Novel bv E P
E i| "T'h Messr. I
, Salislmry.s,
:\mx
- 1 Ttelle." -i
M^^Vi^^JRf-Grand Hotel des
•.. R, ; MH ! enco "t English ('hr ll .Ie.'.. »^ t "5
S 55 «S»t£
M 0 N T E
,c A R L
T^^^^MAXN and CO.'S ANNUAL
Li»nd->n N.-.ich n Hireal ilicendof n,e
m Hire ai t
1 Mil'fra led Citajogues aVnt Em
i'H’o.. 1.7, Hikcr.Mfreei. London. ^
London
_’ U ! d !? Hl1 . 1,1 HikscUeMa ndI SVa^way'iiiVik still j!
•Inst published, 2-
pianos. «,«.
being rapidly -old. I |».icke.l ’'F f , "-se Ihanos are
riii >m'ah 1 »KTz\i a*
7, Baker-.-i
P^vdem 4 ,, A ' 0MI - N-U PRrcis^Th^
uiij,rcceile,il edly "large n
price-'‘‘n,! 1 : . r T ' ,4 ‘-' *'J v «Vl.'“t'Ip 1 rpf.,i7-
L „ ii(lnn vv
XHO^OETzn^K „ a co .
w « r rant y.'"Easy
12 guineas. Ac.
•‘■"‘•s f>, .10 guineas.
( ass 7. t<> guineas,
•las* s, -t;, a; 11 meas.
**••••• •§ guinea- in, r
■ill be refunded 1
____ 11 PHidished, 2<. ftl., po<t.free
OF,,THE BREAST, and Their
HF It NETT. .MI). ’ ’ h> S , ««li‘‘"ic.-. Hy J. CO.MFTUN
'■IF 1 ' 1 '” l ‘"' 1 •'"■■ lr ". Piecail illy ^and la. Tlireadneedle-etreet.
T H , E ^ E V S ™ ATEn PEXXY ALMANACK
Il.t.rsVtm i'll fVr:rxXi"" , r; , ,‘ f: V--mv.ne. fri.n, ,,„.
T« E
and only
•at lung t»«wi:
| - | l. , l- rill- .:
••■'ine .-in • ^N-dricrmnean
of the 11i 1;in--Tliratre j.I
n compare in
He. 11* iiiiriiiTon.* ;
>.v 1 lie fat
t;.- ,^£v'
World K Price uccessfni -Matrimonial A gene v in the
40, Lainh’s C.mdnit-street.^Lon!li!n.' Ad,lri ' M * l ' i,,,TOR -
-t w".v.ri' ,f"i , ;;; , ,7. 1 '. , r n l
•'< orcupies (III
Me'I Her ran can
which
irr . n| [WiiD short..M
from London and forty in In ui 5 s from
iko
fnTT _ E ! l ‘''® ntl1 Ed,tlon . J«-: post-tree, 12stamps,
J^HE HUMAN HAIR : Why it Falls Off
HARLEY PARKER 1 ’ Khlf.ltedfr,"’?'-',-,,.X RRprESs’oR
.■■.S.'V, ■■Every,,ody„a?g,l,f, hitle K
GOTHARD RAILWAY
SWITZERLAND.
R SPRAINS, milts i*n on,
.. 0VKR.REACHB8, a,APPir"."sTw'T»™“r -
j FOR SOU K 4MWJ|'sV/ll K ^M * ' H ° CK8 *
cfflraclous If'pnijwrlj.’niuE." 1 " IC , ‘ 0it ' nni1 flnd il nr 7
T. Walton Knollks
Ma ster of South Union Hunt (Ireland).
ELAN'S ROYAL EMBROCATION
Stdd by Chcmiet, and Saddler.. Pneee. ”c,iZ r ,
Prepanal ■.■■!,■ „y ELLtMAH, SQ.vs, t ^
*il l„„f[ ".J ™ w nr White Hair in it- „ rM
It r,,ake» tiu- f'' h,'- tiiell ,,f &
tile itrowth the'!!-. 1 p .--"'p' . I' 1 * 11 '-Ifitt, as well a
(^OCKLE'S
^NTIBILIOUS
]JILLS
i,_ . SWITZER LA X’D.
si
and wdnier •.i ko 8 ' l,l 'T' Te,,, l«niie Zone; good summer
,jjix ZtS?
I fells,
I FlIL'Il-h
States is
CiiAKi.KS Wir.'r,
iner ocenn trip. Terms, 10s. to
till v<i W11 r,... V th f,,r,l| cr ]«rtirnlars. from
tayAyggft s,g.t!S!s^ , ar-fc:5t
t will ptisitively
•s original colour
" Hestorcrs.’ 1
lie* l ‘J’" ni j ,t * n K
■■* ■ ” is sold hy
...... .-.*L Per B ottle.
=SSS;i«fSiS~ ~S~ I
“Sss s-s;: 5 “ssss»~; <•«»•»«>«. »*• “sisiisssiss
- • — -ro. HEARTBo... BtssiswssSiJssriBBia
COCKLE* ANTIBILtOUS | ^WLJ* e™„ L ^ 8TEH ,‘
---of all C’liemigtfc'^nf anvwhe^o'n 5 'ecemr'of*r’r
QOCKLE’S ANTIBILI0US PILLS. j the L1NcuLNantl midland corNiit-is nim; ccClKiZ
----^ niLB - HOLLOWAY’S PILLS and OINTMENT
COBLE'S ANTIBILI0US PILLS. I *•V/mminV V/ In!
__ FOR INDB
«“r ^5^: un
rivalled in the cure of bad l.»gs,oid woiinds.gont.rhenmatism.*
’Vr'rem.M-^'tortar.VS
nr * t use comribmes greailv to the pre-
'l r *- Tcef li. H is invaluable to smokers
srrvai um or me Teeth, it tsinv,
Of ( heniMts, 2s. ml. i>cr Bottle;
TO MOTHBrs. At, you bpofcen GOLDEN HAIR.-Robare's AUREOLINE , . .. AM ,- P .-.
- — -
^~R»vK XP E Ea„ds„ X s.;,^i^ l K 1 ^,Fr - THROAT..IRRITATION and COUGH.
aSi^iHissiiSi^ ?p¥wsSiMSlIH
' TAYLOR, ebentiet, =
298
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 8, 1888
OBITUARY.
THE EARL OP BERKELEY.
The Right Hon. George Lennox Rawdon Berkeley, seventh
Earl of Berkeley,
died on Aug. 27.
He was born in 1827.
the youngest son of
General Sir George
Henry Frederick
Berkeley, K.C.B., by
Lucy. his wife,
eldest daughter and
coheiress of Sir
Thomas Sutton,
Bart., and succeeded
to the earldom in
1882 at the decease
of his cousin, Thomas Moreton Berkeley, who was sixth Earl
of Berkeley, but did not assume the title. The nobleman
whose death we record was formerly an officer in the army.
He married. Feb. 22, 18C0, Cecile. daughter of Count Edward
De Mel fort Drummond, and leaves a son and successor. Randal
Thomas Moreton, Viscount Dursley, Lieutenant R.N., now
eighth Earl of Berkeley.
SIR SAMUEL ROWE.
Surgeon-Major Sir Samuel Rowe, K.C.M.G.. late Governor of
Sierra Leone, died at Madeira, on Ang. 28, aged fifty-three.
He was educated at Aberdeen University (M.B., 1855 : L.S.A..
L.M.. and M.R.C.S., 1858), and entered the Army in 1882, became
Surgeon in 1870, and Surgeon-Major in 1873. He served
throughout the Ashantee War of 1873-74, and was present
with the force under Colonel Festing at the defeat of the
Ashanfcees in the two engagements at Elmina on June 13.
For these services he was several times mentioned in
despatches, and given a medal with clasp. He was Admini¬
strator of the Gambia, 1875 to 1876; Commander-in-Chief of
the West African Settlements, 1876 to 1881 : Governor of
the Gold Coast Colony, 1881 to 1882 ; and Governor and
Commander-in-Chief of Sierra Leone from 1884 up to the
time of his death. Sir Samuel was created a C.M.G. in 1874
and a K.C.M.G. in 1880.
MAJOR-GENERAL LYNCH.
Major-General William Wiltshire Lynch, C.B.,of Pareora, near
Guildford, Surrey, died of cholera on Aug. 4 at Allahabad,
while in command of the Allahabad Division of the Bengal
Army. He was born in 1831, and was educated at King’s
College, London. He entered the Army in 1850, became
Captain in 1858, Major in 1861, Lieutenant-Colonel in 1871,
Colonel in 1877. and Major-General in 1887. He served in the
Persian Expedition of 1857, and in the Indian Mutiny of
3857-58. He was mentioned in despatches, received three
medals with clasps, was thanked by Governor-General of
India, and was given a year’s service. He was Brigade-Major
of the Chatham District, 1866 to 1870 ; Assistant Military
Secretary West Indies, 1870 to 1872 ; Deputy Judge-Advocate,
1875 to 1876; and Assistant Adjutant and Quartermaster-
General at Aldershott. 1886 to 1887. He married, in 187(5,
Mary Florence, eldest daughter of the late Mr. J. D. Maclean,
of Queensland, Australia.
We have also to record the deaths of—
The Rev. Augustus William Gurney, M.A., Vicar of Little
Hereford, Tenbury, on Aug. 28, aged sixty-two.
Colonel Henry Albert Platt, late of Lincolnshire Regiment,
at 12, Archway-road, Highgate, on Aug. 2.8, aged fifty-three.
Mr. Charles Brownlow Brind, Assistant-Commissioner Indian
Civil Service, accidentally drowned in Upper Burmahon July 27.
Major the Hon. Robert Baillie, on Ang. 29, aged eighty-one.
He was brother of George, tenth Earl of Haddington, and
uncle of the present Peer.
The Venerable John Wright Bowles. M.A., Archdeacon of
Killaloe and Incumbent of Xenagb, suddenly on Aug. 24, aged
sixty-four.
Lady Reid (Lavinia Lucy), wife of General Sir Charles
Reid, G.C.B., and eldest daughter of the late Captain John
Fisher, at 97, Earl's-court-road, on Aug. 24, aged fifty-nine.
Lonisa Anne Erskine, Lady Hamilton, wife of General Sir
Frederick William Hamilton, K.C.B., and daughter of Sir
Alexander Anstruther, formerly Judge in Madras, on Aug. 29,
at Pitcorfchie, Fife.
Captain Alfred Nelson Fairman. R.N.. only son of the late
Colonel William BlennOrhasset-Fairman, at 14, Charleville-
road, S.W., on Aug. 29, aged eighty-two. He entered the Navy
so far back as 1818, and obtained his first commission in 1829.
Colonel Duncan Scott Pemberton, Royal Artillery, at Cash¬
mere, on Aug. 23. He entered the Army in 1856. and became
Colonel in 1885. He served with distinction at the siege of
Delhi, for which he received a medal with clasp, and in tho
Boer war of 1881.
The Hon. Mrs. Henley (Georgiana Caroline Mary), wife of
the Hon. Anthony Ernest Henley, second son of the present
Lord Henley, and only daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Richard
Michael Williams, brother of Sir Frederick Williams, second
Baronet, of Tregullow, at Southend, Essex, on Aug. 26.
M. Chevreul, the eminent French chemist, celebrated on
Ang. 31 his 102nd birthday. On Sept. 4 he visited the
Sanitary Exhibition at the Palace of Industry. Arm-in-arm
with a friend he mounted the stairs and walked through the
exhibition. He is in excellent health.
Mr. Gladstone’s addresses at Wrexham on Sept. 4 proved
that he retains unimpaired the faculty of making eloquent
and interesting speeches on any subject, from the Welsh leek
to King Bomba. In his growing friendliness for Sir Edward
Watkin. Mr. Gladstone seized the opportunity to express
the indebtedness of Wales to tho lion. Baronet for using
his influence to increase railway communication with the
Principality. Mr. Gladstone's speech to the large gather¬
ing of Liberals at Wrexham amounted to little more than a
repetition of the charge that King Bomba did not, as a rule,
treat political convicts as badly rb he alleged the Government
treat Irish political prisoners. Mr. Osborne Morgan, from his
own personal observation, corroborated the right hon. gentle¬
man on this point. Proceeding to the Eisteddfod, Mr. Glad¬
stone delivered a wonderful panegyric on Welshmen, and
quoted Shakspeare in praise of the Welsh as ,J trusty, loving,
and hardy,”
THE COURT.
Her Majesty, who is at Balmoral, takes walks and drives daily.
On Aug. 29 the Duke de Chartres (who is staying at Inver-
cauld) dined with the Queen and Royal family. The Grand
Duke of Hesse went out deer-stalking. Sir Archibald and the
Hon. Lady Campbell had the honour of dining with the Queen
and Royal family. On the 31st the Queen went out in tho
morning with Princess Beatrice and Princess Alice of Hesse,
and her Majesty in the afternoon drove with Princess Frederica
and Princess Alice. Princess Beatrice and the Grand Duke of
Hesse drove to the Glassalt Shiel with Sir Archibald and tho
Hon. Lady Campbell. Princess Frederica dined with the Queen
and Royal family on Sept. 1. The Duke of Hesse goes out deer¬
stalking nearly every day. Divine service was conducted at tho
castle on Sunday morning, Sept. 2, in the presence of the
Queen, the Royal family, and the Royal household, by tho
Rev. W. W. Tulloch, B.D., of St. Maxwell parish, Glasgow. The
Rev. Archibald Campbell and the Rev. W. Tulloch had tho
honour of dining with the Queen and Royal family. On
Monday morning, the 3rd, her Majesty drove and walked out
attended by Lady Southampton, and in the afternoon drove
with Princess Beatrice and the Hon. Lady Campbell, of
Blythswood, attended by Lady Southampton and the Hon.
Harriet Phipps, to the Glen Gelder Shiel. Princess Beatrice
in the morning rode, attended by the Hon. Rosa Hood. The
Grand Dnke of Hesse went to a grouse drive, at Invercauld,
attended by Major Sir Fleetwood Edwards, K.C.B.
TRADES UNION CONGRESS.
The twenty-first annual Trades Union Congress was com¬
menced at Bradford on Aug. 3. Mr. George Shipton, wbo
opened the proceedings in the absence, through illness, of
Mr. Crawford, M.P., Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee,
referred, in the course of his remarks, to the Sugar Bounties
Convention, and urged the delegates to repudiate the idea of
cheapness, regardless of the conditions by which that cheap¬
ness was produced. Mr. J. Wilson submitted that the Chair,
man was out of order in alluding to this subject; but Mr.
Shipton justified his allusion on the ground that lie was acting
in accordance with precedent. Mr. Shaftoe.of Bradford, being
elected president, introduced Alderman Morley, Mayor of Brad¬
ford. who welcomed the congress to the town. The report of
the Parliamentary Committee, which was read by Mr. Broad-
hurst, M.P., touched upon the various legislative proposals of
the past Session dealing with labour questions, and entered at
considerable length upon the House of Lords’ inquiry into the
sweating system. Mr. Shaftoe gave the opening address on
the 4th, and alluded to the saving of 40 per cent in human
labour which had been effected by machinery. This, he said,
pointed to a reduction in the hours of labour, and remarked
that the railway monopoly was a grievous sinner in the matter
of overwork. The labour party was meant for the redemption
of labour, and the Trades Unions would never be the slaves of
parties. Questions connected with the operation of the Factory
Act and the Employers’Liability Act were afterwards discussed.
The Rev. David Evans, Yicar of Abergele, has been appointed
to the deanery of St. Asaph, vacant by the resignation of Dean
James, formerly head-master'of Rossall School.
IMPORTANT TO ALL LEAVING HOME FOR A CHANGE.
“Among the most useful medicines that have been introduced within the last century is ENO’S
‘FRUIT SALT.' There is no doubt that where it has been taken in the earliest otage of a disease,
it has, in many instances, prevented what would otherwise have been a severe illness. The effect of
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a nursery medicine the ‘FRUIT SALT' is invaluable; instead of children disliking it, they look
upon it rather in the light of a luxury. As a gentle aperient and a corrective in cases of any sort of
over-indulgence in eating or drinking, ENO’S ‘FRUIT SALT’ is all that is needful to restore
freshness and vigour. In cases of Nervous Headache and Debility it is especially useful, and should he
taken in all cases where persons suffer from a sluggish condition of the Liver .”—Young Lady's Journal.
PREPARED ONLY AT ENO’S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, LONDON, S.E.,
BY J. C. ENO’S PATENT.
CORPULENCY.
RpcI|)g and notes how to harmlessly, effectually, and
rapidly cure Obesity without semi-starvation dietary,
Ac. “Sunday Times” says:—“Mr. Russell’s nfm is to
eradicate , to cure the disease, and that, ills treatment Is
the true one seems beyond all doubt. The medicine ho
prescribes doc* not lotccr but builds up and tones the
system.” Book. 116 |iagcs (8 stamps).
F. C. RUSSELL, Woburn House,
27, Store-street, Bedford-square, London, W.C.
The “ LILIPUT”
Price 16 a 6 t\ - will, lift bailier Case <C Cord
The " LILIPUT" is a very useful, light, but strung
vest-pocket Field and Opera Glass. Its ixtrliculur mid
newly -invented Perfect Achromatic Combination Glasses
am made In accordance with the directions of the Tech¬
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and render the “ LILIPUT " equal if not snjierior to nil
the large and cumbersome glasses generally used in the
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E. KRAUSS Al OO.,
00, HAYMARKET, S.W.
Pams— t. AVENUE DE LA REPUBLIQUE. j
WKKKI.Y PAPER.
WEEKLY TIMES AND ECHO. EIGHTY
» ▼ < 01.1 VV-. s: XTKK.V PAGES.
BWS, smartest ARTICLES,
CIRCULATION.
OC1LDEROY. By 01*1 U
wall a weli-dcflncd plot, clearly-dra
in tlic human heart. 1
the Belflsh egotism of h
id refined analysis of the in
10 contrives amid the world's mu
1 1 he “ white flower of a blarnelei
rfcct English gentleman.
.—.—_„ wife,and In the guilty int--
weak and erring Guilderoy with the Duchess Soria, a terrible
warning of the evil power passion exercises over man when
its object is a beautiful Imt evil-minded woman. “ Guilders .'’
according to the universal admission of all who have rend it
is the most attractive of tho many cntrancim
millions ot readers.
h Ouida has bewitched her
w
INTER RESIDENCE in the ENGADINE.
Now Ready. Tenth Edition.
Contents Symptoms of Dys¬
pepsia and Indigestion ; Sjiccfnl
Advice as to Diet and Regimen ;
Diseases Sympathetic; Notes for
Dyspeptics; Beverages. Air.
and Ventilation : Particulars of
numerous Dyspeptic Cases. Sent
for one stamp.
Address: Publisher,46,Holborn
Viaduct, London, E.C.
SCHWEITZER’S
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Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa or Chocolate Powder.
GUARANTEED PURE SOLUBLE COCOA.
Sold in 1 tb., jib., and 1 lb. Tins.
H Y CHEMISTS, GROCERS, etc.
NUDA VERITAS
NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE to July, 1888, now ready.
“ T he Q-UN OF ME pERIOD.”
E. LEWIS’S TREBLE GRIP, combined
• ' wiiii a nnon and Dealer* Locking,Co< king.and <><■*-
c Safety Bolt, is the most perfect weapon ever placed in
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30 to 40 guineas. A special plain quality. £16. Express
s, from la guineas. - The Gun of the ^od, wbwctw
m, has always taken honours. Why buy from i,e *' <r *
l von can lmv it at half the price from tlie Maker ? Any
sent* on approval oh receipt of P.O.O., and re,ultra nee
rued if, on recci|>t, it is not Batisfoclorj-., T»r«
\ A choice of P”* ""
ritb'K aii'l
», t'mhrac-
3 ZBH
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LADIES
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,, - _ _ - Constipation, Functional Disorders, &c.
HARNESS’ ELECTROPATHIC APPLIANCES
promptly, Absolutely, and Permanently CURE.
MEN AND WOMEN
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^aoeATRv'imkr" *"* 11,8
TS. 1 i 10 'SI' Tcstinmnial. la fjivour
—* of Electropathy published
herewith are not written to
friends—they are from utter strangers,
ly from thou sands of unsolicited reports
en by anyone interested at Mr. C U
IS, S 3 . OXFORD-STREKT, London, W.
PAIN'S IN THE BACK.— The lift
uith Devon, writes ••The pain across the Joins
ginented since wearing Harness* Electropat hie
Powbi.l, 4, Dulwich-
invaliulilo Elect rojat
harness* com
harp
>■ ■ ■ n I' . rI . -1 I,'. I
better in every way; tl
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iY ADDRB
personally or by
thing to make the
NOTE
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opnthii
ds, and personally examine Mr. Hauxkr
A ppliances, all of which arc guarauiccd ge:
PABAI.YSIS.-RnnRriT Rotiiwrm,, Rsq.,t>, Cnokc-st., ITuIiiio. Mnnrlirxer June 8 i«w
wri'e-The Elect ropat be Belt my father pure limed for tow of nerm nonvrnnd paralyti* h*
gravcV'n^g^^fU not I o n a f m y in d Ei ,,lflt 1,0 mo be would Jiavu been in hli
Consulting Medical Electrician, THE MEDICAL BATTERY CO., LIMITED.
"A° 9 L O IN D O INI , W . rathbone R place.)
native El
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Application
SEPT. 8, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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BEFORE the ERA of
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BINOCULAR TELESCOPES,
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JEWELLERS, WATCH A
INROADS of THIEVES, and from
pEOPLE are now COMPELLED to
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SEEK OTHER MEANS of
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PROTECTION for their WEALTH.
LARGE SUMS OF MONEY in so-called
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PRIVATE SAFES IN ONE’S
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EXPERIENCED THIEF FOUND the way to
ENTEirTHESE STRONG-BOXES, and
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LONDON, W.C.
jd free to all parti of the World.
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA,
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compound balance, and jewelled holes. This watch is
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its construction. The compound balance introduced SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
gives a far superior performance to the ordinary plain added to their celebrated frames
^ ^ u . , , 4 . decided improvements (protected by
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workmanship. Stability and greater Neatness to the
Price in Silver. £6 16 6 ... Gold ... £17 17 Umbrella.
„ „ Hunting Case 6 6 o ... „ ... 16 16 SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu-
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HOLBORN VIADUCT.
Pamphlets of Prices of every description of Jewellery and Watches, profusely
Illustrated, forwarded, gratis and post-free, to all parts of the world.
Stability and greater Neatness to the
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SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
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Illustrated Catalogue, 1200 Engravings, 5s. 6d.
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USE
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“It Is especially adapted to those whose digestive organa
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PETER ROBINSON’S COURT and FAMILY
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336 to 362. REGENT-STREET, LONDON.
O N RECEIPT of LETTER or TELEGRAM
Mourning Goods will be forwarded to any part of England on
Dressmaker (if drsired), without any extra charge Whatever. ttlD8
Address—PETER ROBINSON, Mourning Warehouse, Rcgcnt-et.
INEXPENSIVE MOURNING, as well as the
1 Rielicst Qinlirip, ran^ he^-ui.j.lif.l ^ l.y PETER WUIINSOV,
are sent to ah i«rts of England with a full assort?nent oTgoods!
and to take orders, immediately oiyecejpt of letter or telegram.
'C'BENCH and ENGLISH DRESSMAKING at
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QILKS, VELVETS, BROCADES, an immense
tp Stock of New Goods, the latest productions, fur Mantles and
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i^UR SPECIAL “ Good-Wearing: ” MAKES of
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pETER ROBINSON, the COURT and GENERAL
PETER ROBINSON
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Packet.: Id., 3d., «d. 101110” th ° wear of cvcr - y y ard - from the cheap:
Uretpw, to. with each. T „, I II II I A quality to the best, is guaranteed. Lad
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Manu facturers. Works: BIRMINGH AM. ■ LLiLILLII. qualities at most reasonable prices.
Loudon : Primed and Publlshd at the OfflcerTsTstnuid. to the ParUh of St. Clement Dau»,ta'thc County of Mlddleser, by Ikuha* Bhothebs, 198. 8t:
Every yard bears the name “LOUIS,” and
the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
qnality to the best, is gnaranteed. Ladies
should write for Samples of the New Shades
to IHOS. WALLIS and CO., Holborn-circus,
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CATALOGUES FREE ON APPLICATION.
BAYLISS, JONES, l BAYLISS, WOLVERHAMPTON,
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KINAHAbTS
LL
WHISKY.
IflMROD’S ASTHMA CURE BY INHALATION.
thus writ Em, «! y p ’ AITH .*'Pb. in “Thm- Visas to America,"
rim painful malady hare.^l'frav^triod 1 'ererr'reniedj-rfev
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nH’dical 1 winetitin m the* . WRS o ^Pd . mndor 0 *thhighest
I, aforesaid.—S atuudav, Skhtembek 8, 1888.
Jmited, haw
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!protected by
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nited, manu¬
ally tor ad
thus able to
ality at a
ver inferior
THE n.trsTRATED LONDON NEW
REGISTERED AT THE GENE UAL POST-OFFICE FOU TRANSMISSION ABROAD.
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SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1888.
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OPENING OP THE MELBOURNE EXHIBITION.—FROM SKETCHES BY OUR SPECIAL ARTIST, MR. MELTON PRIOR.
302
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 15, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
I hope one of the jood fellows who took charge of the sixty
Polytechnic boys on their month’s holiday on the Continent
the other day will give the world his reminiscences of it. It
is a long time since the delightful Voyages en Zigzag"
appeared, and though the Boy has not changed (it is not in the
power of any Polytechnic upon earth to change him) the
conditions of travel have greatly altered since that time. The
book should have illustrations, of course—instantaneous photo¬
graphs of what its French author called their “ scenes of
anarchy " (bolsterings and the like), while to the edition de
hu-r might also be attached a phonograph, stating exactly
what they said in commendation of the snblime scenery and
foreign “ tuck." Travels among savages may he exciting, but
think of travels with savages! “ The Boy Abroad, and How
ho Made himself at Home There," would be an excellent title.
They did it for fiva pounds apiece, too, and seem to have
stolen nothing but a few cherries. Why are not all young
persons tanght to make their money “ go ” this distance ? The
sunburn on our boy's cheek, which delights his mother so,
disappears when his holiday is over: but however short it
may have been, and however ample his allowance, we never
see “ the colour of our money " again. If the Polytechnic can
teach its pupils economy, it can teach them anything. I had
once a lesson there, on another subject, myself (from the
Electrical Eel), which I never forgot; but that was under the
old regime. The present institution seems a still more admir¬
able one; and it speaks well, indeed, for the courage and
conduct, as well as kindness, of its promoters that they should
have played “ the schoolmaster abroad ” with such complete
success. They certainly do not share what is said to be the
weakness of the present age—the shrinking from responsibility.
I onoe took charge of one boy on his travels abroad (from
Saturday to Monday), and that is why (though I am quite
young) my hair is grey.
It would be an exaggeration to say that I never knew a
youth who made his allowance go a long way, but the ex¬
perience in question was rather an exceptional one. His
father, a man of wealth, but who hated extravagance, sent
him, when he was seventeen or so, to improve his mind by a
month's travel on the Continent; ten shillings a day, including
his railway fare, was considered to be ample, so off he went
with thirty pounds in his pocket. Three days afterwards he
found himself at Wiesbaden with only two pounds left. It
was no use to him (as he afterwards explained to me) for
pnrsuing his journey ; whether he lost it at the tables at the
Knrsaal, or spent it on his necessities, he would, all the same,
have had to write home for more ; so he tried the tables, and
won a hundred pounds. Being an intelligent lad, he was
satisfied with that achievement; went to Paris and other
places, living like a fighting-cook everywhere, and returned
home at the month's end with thirty shillings in his pocket.
Great were the rejoioings over him (for it had been whispered
that he was inclined to be prodigal), and enormous the satis¬
faction with which his parent dilated upon his economy ; he
was a lad “with his wits about him" (he was!) and who
“ knew how to husband his resources.” Not a word did that
yonth ever whisper about those tables at Wiesbaden, and it
was felt quite a loss to economical science that his accounts
had beon lost, where, no doubt, every item of expenditure bad
been set down in its proper place. The worst part of the
business was that the example of financial success he had set
ciused all the fathers in the neighbourhood to send their sons
abroad on ten shillings a day ; somehow or other they had not
“ the head for travel ” which our young friend had shown
himself to possess, and, instead of exhibiting a reserve fund
of thirty shillings, they had to telegraph for funds to bring
them home.
In China a gentleman has only to commit suicide upon his
enemy's doorstep to make that individual miserable for life :
his blood is for the future on the householder's head, and,
what is more material, the maintenance of his family upon his
shoulders. This custom, in the Flowery Land, where folk do
not mind putting themselves (or, indeed, other people) to
death upon the smallest provocation, is found to be incon¬
venient : yet, strange as it may seem, we are gradually adopt¬
ing it in England. The law, it is true, is not so exacting, nor
are Englishmen so ready to sever their “ mortal coil ” (as the
poets term the jugular vein), as Chinamen ; but. when they doso,
it has now become almost customary with them to leave a
statement behind them, explaining their reasons for departure,
and pointing out with vindictive finger the person at whose
door they wish the catastrophe to be laid. Sometimes, of
course, the terrible punishment which this involves is a just
one ; but sometimes it is not so—as, considering the vehemence
of passion which often drives the accuser to leave this world,
is not to be wondered at; whether sound or unsound, his state
of mind can hardly be a judicial one. In old times this habit
was almost unknown among ns, except in the best families,
which were accustomed to be anathematised, root and branch,
by some wronged retainer, and, if we are to believe in ancestral
legends, with excellent effeot (no male child ever reaching his
majority from that moment, and no female being unprovided
• with a hump, like a dress-improver in the wrong place) ;
but now there is no family, however humble, which is
not subject to these post-mortem maledictions. It is noticeable
that they are of two kinds : one in whioh individuals are
denounced by their full name nnd address, as though the
writer were making his will, and exceedingly anxious that
they should not be excluded from its benefits ; and the other,
wherein he only mentions them by their initials—a sort of
half measure by which he leaves them to their own unpleasant
reflections, but spares them the indignation of the world.
This milder method is, however, accompanied by the dis¬
advantage of innocent persons with the same initials—since
there is always plenty of malicious guessing—being identified
with the wrongdoers, and suffering, like Mr. Besant's hero, who
was “ haunted ” by a misinformed spectre for a deed which he
had never done. I note this week no less than three initial
denunciations. One poor fellow is so soft-hearted in his
revenge as to confine himself to writing the letters
A. B. C M like a proposition in Euclid. The terms in which
he expresses himself are also exceedingly vague. “ If
I had of been something like done to by one who
could I should not have taken to what I have been forced
into.” Whatever may be said against this unfortunate
person—of whom nothing good or bad, however, seems to be
known by anybody — no one can accuse him of being a
Grammarian.
That large class of our fellow-creatures whose chief topic
of conversation is “ the weather ” must have had a hard time
of it, as regards variety, this summer. In Vienna, however,
they hove got a weather plant to talk about, which must be a
great relief. It is, we are told, “ a legume ”—a piece of inform¬
ation which, to many people, will have the advantage of not
disclosing too much at once, and thereby spoiling the story ;
its botanical name is- the Abrus pcregrbius, but it is also called
the “ paternoster pea,” which, to ray ear at least, sounds much
more familiar. It is published—I mean grown—chiefly in
Corsica and Tunis ; but they seem to have an edition dv lure
of it in Vienna. “ Thirty-two thousand trials of it in two
years,” writes an extremely cautions disciple of science,
“ tends to prove its infallibility.” On the leaves of its upper
branches one can read the state of the weather forty-eight
hours in advance, but in those of the lower it is inscribed
for three days to come. To us in England, it would have been
useless; for we have been able, by reasoning from analogy,
to say li wet ” for the last three months, and the prophecy
has never failed. Meteorologists tell us that the notion of a
change of climate here is all rubbish; but certainly there have
been seasons even in Scotland, where not only sunshine seems
to have occurred, but people got so spoilt as to look for the
most delicate gradations of favourable weather, and, when
they didn’t get them, to apply for them (it strikes one rather
peremptorily) to the proper quarter. In one of the northern
connties of Scotland, says Dean Ramsay, the minister, in his
Sabbath sermon, expressed the needs of his agricultural
parishioners for a wind to raise the corn for the sickle with a
very detailed particularity. “ 0 Lord, we pray Thee to send
ns wind; no’ a rantin’, tantin’, tearin’ wind, but a noughin’,
soughin’, wirnin’ wind.” “ More expressive words,” remarks
the Dean, cannot be found in any language,” nor, it may be
added, words more suggestive of dictation. Oar poor farmers
in England would certainly have been thankful this summer
for much less : a few hours of sunshine, for example, on
alternate days. It is hard to have one’s holiday spoilt by the
weather, but how much worse one’s harvest !
I am not an Alpine climber myself ; I could never get over
the Mauvais Pas at Chamonnix, nor even the “ precipice path ”
at Dolgelly. It is said that mountain air has all the effect of
champagne, and when the mountain is steep it certainly makes
my head go round. But I hav3 known a good many climbers—
human “ creepers ” that can cling to anything, and, when there
is nothing to cling to, hang on by their eyelids ; ” yefc one of
the very boldest who once looked with me at Beachy Head
from the sea acknowledged that it was beyond him. “ I am
not a gull, Sir,” he observed, in a tone which seemed to imply
(though quite unnecessarily, for I was not thinking anything
of the kind), “I am not a fool.” And now a Belgian has
accomplished it. Six hundred feet of sheer cliff, with only an
interstice here and there for a finger-nail! I should like to
know what his feelings were (I know what his “ view ” was)
when within ten feet of the top. Of course his example will
set oar own cliff-climbers at work, and before the year is out
there will be plenty of vacancies in the Alpine Club. I should
not wonder if the thing was taken up professionally by some
Baldwin of the cliffs. ‘‘On Saturday, the — inst., Professor
Sharptoe will ascend Beachy Head from the sea at two p.m.;
special steamers (half the fare to go to the Professor, or his
widow) will run from London Bridge direct.” When this feat
begins to pall, the Professor will only have to take some lady
or gentleman on his back to attract new thousands.
The virtues of hot water have had a great development of
late years. People of fashion, whoso digestions have been
impaired, fancy that they still can eat half-a-dozen courses at
dinner, if the water they drink with them is only hot enough.
“ I must trouble you,” they whisper to their hostess, “ to let it
be very hot; merely warm water, you know, has—ahem !—an
unpleasant effect.” The water is, therefore, brought as if for
shaving purposes, and generally cracks the tumbler. The
broken glass in one's pantry which the butler used to attribute
to “ the cat,” is now set down to the guests who adopt this
new regime. Another purpose for which it is used is to send
people to sleep at night. It is a little inconvenient to have to
supply boiling water in the small hours of the morning to
one's wakeful visitors ; but, to do them justice, most of them
bring spirit lamps and kettles of their own. I have a private
suspicion that they put something in the water, to induce som¬
nolency ; but, as they bring this with them also, that is not my
business. The Russians have now discovered that hot water
has a quieting effect upon prisoners who aro insubordinate—
by means of a short hose, specially made to resist the heat,
and attached to a steam-pipe nozzle, they siuirt boiling water
upon the offenders, and at once produce peace and quietness
(by par-boiling). The proverbial phrase of being “ in hot
water ” has, therefore, not so much lost its meaning in Russia
as obtained a precisely contrary signification. This will,
probably, form a supplementary chapter in the next edition
of iS The Language of Thought,” and need not therefore be
here enlarged upon.
The Duke of Cambridge made his annual inspection on
Sept. 10 of the troops at Woolwich. Next day he proceeded to
Edinburgh, in order to commence a tour of inspection in
Scotland and the northern counties.
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From our own Correspondent.)
Paris, Tuesday, Sept. 11.
On returning to Paris from pseudo-holiday wanderings in
summcrlesB lands it is a relief to find that Parisian matters in
general have undergone very little change, and that although
one may not have seen a newspaper for two months past, very
little effort is needed to enable one to catch up and realise the
political situation. The pivot on which the thoughts of men
turn is still Boulanger.whohas found a new means of advertising
himself. He is lost. The most assiduous reporters cannot dis¬
cover his whereabouts. Where is Boulanger ! is the question of
the day, which has taken the place of the antiquated puzzle.
Where is the Bulgarian ? Meanwhile, as usual, President Carnot
is making a triumphant progress, this time through Normandy,
the Ministers are airing their rhetoric all over the country, and
the sessions of the departmental councils have transferred
political interest from Paris to the provinces. The mani¬
festations of opinion thus obtained are important, because they
represent the average opinion of the country, 'lhe burden of
all the speeches is the sacred obligation, or rather the imperious
necessity, imposed upon all Republicans to forget their quarrels
and to unite in one supreme and common effort to save the
Republic and secure it from the enterprises of reaction or
dictatorship. The difficulty is to reconcile the Radicals
and the Opportunists even temporarily, and in the
general confusion the platform of discussion has become
the reform of the system of voting. In his day,
Gambetta used to declare that the cause of all the
evil was the sevutin d'arrondissemcut, and now the heirs of
Gambetta declare that France is in a mess because the system
of voting is the sc rutin dclistc, and not th esemtin d'arrondim.-
went. What will come of all this raging and reforming ? And
what about this sacro-sanct principle of universal suffrage,
which we have been taught to look upon as the bulwark of
liberty and democracy, and which proclaims Boulanger a new
Caesar, preferring a declasse soldier to Bourbons and Bona-
partes alike ! No wonder that Republicans and Conservatives
feel equally at a loss !
The Parisians are reading with avidity details about the
swindler, Allmayer, who escaped from Mazas more than a year
ago, and who has since been continuing his exploits in
Paris and in various towns in France. Although Allmayer
has no blood on his hands, he is having an immense snee'es de
curiosity which he deserves to a certain extent, for he is the
very incarnation of the modern adventurer—good-looking,
elegant in dress and manners, capable of playing to perfection
the role of a gentleman, and possessing the multitude of
physical gifts and acquired talents that are necessary for one
who wishes to be a Casanova and to satisfy intensely his
unreasoning-instincts. After all, however, this Allmayer is
not a very great adventurer, audaciously as he has played with
magistrates and gendarmes ; he has not the gift of languages ;
he has not dared to travel; his field of action is limited to
Air-les-Bains and the casinos of Norman seaside resorts.
France will soon be as thickly populated with statues as
was ancient Italy. On Saturday, at Pontivy, in Morbihan, was
unveiled a statue to Dr. Gu6pin, who had been a militant
Republican ever since the Restoration. On Sunday, at Lorient,
MM. Ernest Renan and Jules Simon presided over the in¬
auguration of a statue of Brizeux, the Breton poet, author of a
delicate poem, “ Marie,” who died in 1858. On Sept. 22 will bo
inaugurated, at Nantua, in the Department of Ain, his native
town, a statue of Baudin, the deputy who was killed on a
barricade on the day of Napoleon’s coup d'etat. On Sept. 17
his native town of Montbard (Cote d’Or) will raise a statue to
the memory of the natural historian, Buffon ; and on Sept. 80
Landrecies, in the Nord, will unveil a statue of the great
coloniser Dupleix, Governor-General of India from 1780
to 1750. Is it not strange that money should be forthcoming
for all these statues, and that in this material age people
should be animated with those pious sentiments of sympathy,
gratitude, or civic pride which cause them to send in their
subscriptions ?
One of the features of the Exhibition of 1889 will be a
complete Breton town, constructed at the Trocadero, and com¬
prising reproductions of the most famous houses, monuments,
and cariosities of Brittany.
Since M. Grevy has left the Elysee, the office of public
executioner has not been a sinecure in France. Within the
past few days two criminals have been guillotined, the Corsican
bandit Rocchini and the man Schumacher, who strangled his
benefactress for the sake of obtaining a few francs. T. C.
The marriage of the Duke of Aosta, brother of the King of
Italy, with his niece, Princess Marie Letitia, daughter of
Prince Napoleon, took place on Sept. 11 at Turin. The religious
ceremony was held in the chapel of the Santissimo Sudario,
the Archbishop of Turin officiating. The occasion was cele¬
brated by a grand flower festival. The bridal procession
proceeded to the Place Victor Emmanuel, each Royal carriage
being preceded by thirty cavaliers in costumes of the be¬
ginning of the last century, ’lhe scene was most brilliant.
Our last issue contained portraits of the Royal pair.
On Monday morning, Sept. 10, the Emperor William
attended a parade of the Third Army Corps on the Tempelhof
Common. After the review, which was a most brilliant military
spectacle, his Majesty rode back to Berlin at the head of the
Colours Company of the 8th Infantry Regiment. Thousands
of people lined the road, and the cheers given for the Emperor
were unceasing. The Emperor William left Berlin for Bremer-
haven in the evening, in order to attend the naval manoeuvres
to be held there.
The Czar and Czarina, accompanied by their children,
arrived at Elizabetgrad, in the south of Russia, on Sept. 7, and,
proceeding to the Cathedral, were welcomed by the Archbishop
of Odessa. Next day, they were present at the military
manoeuvres, and visited some of the public institutions.—The
great annual fair at Nishni Novgorod was officially closed on
Sept. 6. Business, on the whole, showed an improvement, as
compared with last year.
Some loss of life and considerable destruction of property
have been been caused by an earthquake near Patras. Greece.
All the villages in a large district have suffered severely.
The letter of President Cleveland formally accepting the
Democratic candidacy for the Presidency has been published.
It is devoted almost exclusively to the subject of the tariff,
and makes no mention of the fisheries question.—The American
Senate has voted in favour of the Bill for excluding Chinese
immigrants from the United States ; but the number voting
was not sufficient to pass the Bill, and another vote must be
taken. The House of Representatives have passed the Retaliation
Bill with practical unanimity, the numbers being—ayes, 174 ;
nays, 4.—The death at New York of Mr. Lester Wallack, the
well-known actor, and former proprietor of Wallack’s Theatre
in that city, is announced.—The reports of the American crops
show a considerable amount of damage arising from weather
and insects to cotton, wheat, oats, and barley. Indian corn is
stated to be a fine crop.
SEPT. 15, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
303
Gardens, which have an area of 109 acres, are tastefully laid
out. The water supply of Melbourne is obtained from the Yan
Yean reservoir, in a valley among the Plenty Ranges, eighteen
miles from the city.
The International Exhibition at Melbourne to celebrate tho
centenary of the Australian Colonies was opened on Ang. I,
with great ceremony, by Sir Henry Brongham Loch, G.C.M.G.,
K.C.B., the Governor. His Excellency, with Lady Loch and a
number of their guests, entered the city by way of New
Prince's Bridge, under a salnte from the batteries. An
immense procession was formed, and accompanied the Governor’s
party to the Exhibition buildings, marching through Collins-
street and other thoroughfares. The procession was headed by
a number of seamen, marines, and men of the naval brigade,
followed by rifles, artillerymen, and militia. Then came the
fire brigades and trades and Friendly Societies, whioh had
mustered several thousands strong, with banners flying and
bands playing. The streets were thickly lined with people,
* MACHAIN,
i ami of Legislative Council, Victoria.
Secretary to the Mel
who displayed great enthusiasm ; and tho whole route pre¬
sented a brilliant appearance, the windows being crowded with
spectators, who cheered heartily, and the houses profusely
decorated with flags.
The specially-invited guests, to the number of 7000, had
previously assembled inside the Exhibition building, at the
entrance of which a guard of honour, with colours, was drawn
up. The Grand Avenue of Natious, 1350 yards long, was lined
with troops, while the seamen of the Imperial fleet were drawn
up round the Grand Ilall.
The Governor entered the Exhibition by the north door,
where he was received by Sir J. MacBain, the President, the
Hon. F. T. Sargood. the Executive Vice-President, the Execu¬
tive Commissioners, and the members of the Ministry, his
arrival being heralded by a flourish of trumpets. His Excel¬
lency was then conducted to the dais by the distinguished
persons present, the procession being in the following order:—
The Marshal of Ceremonies, the Deputy-Marshals, the Imperial
Naval and Military officers, the officers of the foreign ships of
war, the various Colonial commandants, the Ceremonial Com¬
mittee, the Mayor of Melbourne, the Colonial Judges, the
executive commissioners and the secretary, the members of the
Australian Cabinets, the Colonial Chief Justices, the Speakers
of the various Legislative Assemblies, the Hon. Duncan Gillies,
tho Victorian Premier ; Sir W. Foster Stawell, the Lieutenant-
Governor of Victoria ; the Hon. F. T. Sargood, the executive
vice-president; Sir J. MacBain, the president of the Exhi¬
bition ; Admiral Fairfax, commander on the Australian
station; the Aides-de-Camp of the Governor; the Governor,
with Lady Loch and family : tho other Governors and their
wives ; the Presidents and Vice-Presidents of the Colonial
Courts, and the foreign Consuls and Commissioners. The
Governors of Australasian Colonies present, besides Sir Henry
Loch, were Lord Carington, Governor of New South Wales ;
Sir W. F. Drummond Jervois, Governor of New Zealand ; Sir
Antheny Musgrave, Governor of Queensland; Sir W. C. F.
Robinson, Governor of South Australia ; and Sir Robert
Hamilton, Governor of Tasmania.
As the procession passed up the Grand Avenue of Nations
the National Anthems of America, Germany, Austria, and
France were played by bands stationed in each of the courts
named, and when the Grand Hall was reached the British
National Anthem was sung, Mr. F. H. Cowen conducting.
The President then offered
_prayer, and the “ Old Hund-
I redth " was sung in a very
impressive manner, after
I which the “ Song of Thanks-
R ," specially composed
e occasion by Mr.
Cowen, was brilliantly ren¬
dered by an orchestra of
100 performers and a chorus
of 800 voices.
Sir J. MacBain read an
address to his Excellency,
welcoming him to the Ex¬
hibition and conveying an
assurance of the Colony’s
loyalty. The President then
thanked the various Govern-
ments, exhibitors, and
peoples for their flattering
responses to the invitation
to participate in the Exhibi¬
tion, and, after presenting
the Governor with the
official catalogue, concluded
his speech by expressing the
hope that the inspection of
so many products of the
world’s thought and labour
might educate the people to
higher enterprises in art
and industry in the futnre,
to the enhanced prosperity
and happiness of all. He
then handed to his Excel¬
lency a beautifully-wrought
golden key, and requested
him to declare the Exhibi¬
tion open.
At the conclusion of the
ceremony, the Governor dis¬
patched a telegram to the
Queen informingherMajesty
that the Exhibition was
open. A telegram was also
sent to the Prince of Wales.
The arrangements for the
ceremony are much com¬
mended. There was an im¬
mense attendance at the
Exhibition.
Our large Engraving
shows the scene when the
Governor, in the Queen's
name, declared the Exhibi¬
tion open j other Illustra¬
tions are those of the
Governors of the several
Colonies of Australia, Tas¬
mania, and New Zealand,
walking in the procession ;
and that of the Governor of
Victoria inspecting the
British section. We also
give the Portraits of Sir
James MacBain, President
of the Legislative Council
of Victoria, who is President
of the Exhibition Commis¬
sioners; Colonel the Hon.
F.T. Sargood, the Executive
Vice-President; Mr. G. T. A.
Lavater, the Secretary ; and
Sir. G. R. Johnson, architect
of the Exhibition building,
which has been prepared for
this occasion at a cost of
nearly £150,000, and is situ¬
ated in the Carlton-gardens,
a central position in the city.
The annual show of the
Royal Manchester, Liver¬
pool, and North Lancashire
Agricultural Society, whose
area embraces Lancashire,
Cheshire, Denbighshire, and
Flintshire, has been held at
Lancaster. Of the £2250
offered in prizes, over £500 was given by local contributors.
The Hereford cattle-breeders gave £50 in prizes, and the
Lancashire and Cheshire Beekeepers’ Association gave £20.
There were 250 horses, 200 cattle, 300 sheep and pigs, 436
pens of poultry, 230 dogs, 104 entries of cheese, and 72 entries
of butter. There was a large display of implements,
machinery, and appliances.
“ Brock's benefit" at the Crystal Palace took place on Sept. 6,
and the display of fireworks was one of great splendour.
Classes for all-round readings from Shakspeare and other
great authors, and for speaking in song, will reopen on Sept. 25,
at Mrs. Dallas-Glyn’s residence, 13, Mount-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Subject to the approval of the Board of Trade, it has been
decided to erect a new promenade pier at Dover, at a cost of
about £25,000. It will run out a distance of 750 ft. from tho
promenade, and will be a handsome structure, with a com¬
modious pavilion and a stage large enough for concert purposes.
Her Majesty’s Government have awarded a gold medal to
Mr. Antonio Dionisio Lussich, in recognition of the services
rendered by his firm to the crews of the following vessels,
wrecked on the English Bank outside the Port of Montevideo—
viz., Mabel, of Swansea, Sept, fi, 1886 ; Amoor, of Liverpool,
June 11, 1887; Livingstone, a Canadian vessel, October, las7 —
OPENING OF THE MELBOURNE EXHIBITION.
Our Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, having made his passage
from England to Australia, “ Across Two Oceans," the Atlantic
and the Pacific, arrived at Melbourne, from San Francisco, in
time for the opening of the International Exhibition, which
has been got up to celebrate the memorable centenary of the
foundation of the first of the Australian Colonies—not that of
Victoria, which has the city of Melbourne for its capital, but
New South Wales—whioh is nearly half a century older.
It was one hundred years ago that the great island, which
Torres called *• Terra Australis,” and which Flinders afterwards
shortened to “ Australia," was taken possession of by Captain
Cook for the British Crown. He cast anchor in Botany Bay, a
few miles to the southward of Sydney Harbour. Previously to
this, Dampier, Tasman, Carpenter, and others had examined
the coasts. 'The history’ of the Australian Colonies begins with
the landing of the first shipload of convicts at Botany Bay, in
1788, under the command of
Captain Phillip. In 1795
Governor Hunter formed
settlements on the Hawkes-
burv. During Governor
King's term of office, about
181)3, Maearthur started
wool-growing at Camden,
with a couple of Spanish
merino sheep, given him by
George III. In 18ii3asettle-
ment was formed in Tas¬
mania by Judge-Advocate
Collins. Hobart Town was
founded, and in 1829 separa¬
tion from New South Wales
was effected. In Is ]5 Cover-
nor Macquarie built a road
across the Blue Mountains,
and thus opened lip a high¬
way for the squatters. The
first quarter of a century
was occupied with theinland
explorations of Oxley. Cun¬
ningham. Hume. Hovel!,
Sturt, Mncleav.and Mitchell.
But in ]so2. Port Phillip
was discovered by Lieu¬
tenant Murray, and Mr.
Charles Grimes, Surveyor-
General of New South
Wales, entering Port Phillip
on a surveying expedition,
sailed np the river Yarra.
This was the first trip, pro¬
bably, made by a white man.
It appears, from the records
available, that thirty-two
years elapsed before the
second white man went on
a similar trip. The first
attempt at settlement was
made by the Hentys, of
Launceston, Tasmania, who,
in 1834, established a
whaling-station at Portland
Bay. In the year following,
John Batman formed a
settlement on the western
shore of Port Phillip ; and
Melbourne practically com¬
menced its existence from
that date. In 1851, the Port
Phillip district was merged
in the newly - constituted
separate Colony of Victoria,
and Mr. C. J. Latrobe, who
had been Superintendent of
the district, became the first
Governor.
The territory of Victoria
extends from the 34 th to tho
39th degree of south lati¬
tude. and from 141 deg. to
150 deg. east longitude. It
is separated from New South
Bales by the river Murray,
and by a line from Forest
Hill to Cape Howe, whilst
the 141st meridian of longi-
tnde separates it from South
Australia on the south-west.
Its extreme length is 4Sti
miles, its breadth 240, and
its area 87,881 square miles,
or 56,245,760 acres. The
territorial divisions consist
of four districts and thirty-
seven counties. Gipps Land
is characterised by colossal
mountains, chiefly of vol¬
canic formation, magnificent
streams, and fertile plains.
The Murray district is also
mountainons, and well
watered; some parts are
noted for auriferous wealth,
others are adapted to agri¬
culture ; in the north-east
are extensive pastoral plains. Wimmera district, covering
about 25,000 square miles of the north-west of the colony,
and Loddon district, occupying the north central portions, are
chiefly adapted to pastoral pursuits. The climate of Victoria
is generally healthy and pleasant. Victoria had a population
of 1,003,043 at the census of 1886.
The city of Melbourne, which was incorporated in 1S42,
stands on the north bank of the river Yarra, six or seven
miles from the sea at Hobson’s Bay. It is encircled by
populous suburbs—some of them, indeed, arc called cities—
the number of inhabitants ranging from 5000 to 26,000. The
total^ population of Melbourne and the suburbs is estimated
at 371,630. The city streets, which aggregate 100 miles in
length, are straight, and run at right angles through tho
entire length and breadth of the town. The main thorough¬
fares are Collins-street, Bon rke-s treet, FI i nders-s tree t. Swanston-
street, and Eliz^both-street, all with cable tramways. The roost
important public edifices are the Parliament Houses, the Trea-
snry, the Law Coarts, the University, the Public Library, the
National Museum, the Townhall, the Mint, and the two cathe¬
drals, the latter not being completed. Some of the banks, insur¬
ance companies, and woolbrokers occupy magnificent buildings,
Dlnestone and freestone being the material mostly used. The
Governor’s residence, on the south side of the Yarra, is a largo
mansion, occupying one of the most elevated sites. The Botanio
MM
j&mk
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 15, 1888.—S04
sf Polden, rises a
' lofty isolated peak,
called by the Celtic
natives of West
around for many milee, with the tower
of an ancient chapel on its top, and
with a neat little country town, and
the mins of a noble old Abbey, in¬
viting the traveller on the old Bath-
road. Pilgrims or tourists, or any
other decent customers, are welcome
at the old George Inn, a stately build¬
ing, as shown in our Artist’s Sketch,
founded in 1475, by Abbot John Selwood,
especially for pilgrims to the holy
shrine. If we had lived before the
Protestant Reformation, we might
have been among the guests, hundreds
in a week, sumptuously entertained at
the Abbey ; and the kitchen, a solid
stone building of octagon shape, with a
conical roof and double lantern (which
appears in another Sketch) remains
undemolished, attesting the bounteous
ecclesiastical hospitality of the wealthy
monks. The Abbey, founded by Saxon
Kings, and farther endowed by the
Normans and the Plantagenets, had been
magnificent, its buildings, cloisters,
courts, and gardens occupying sixty
acres of ground. Of the grand church
and its five chapels, in the finest style
of later Norman architecture, only some
pieces of walls, pillars, arches of windows
and other remains are to be seen;
except the beautiful porch of St. Joseph'
doorway and characteristic ornamentatior
has sketched. Outside of the building a
THE HOLY THORN.
Tho Congress of the British Association covers a variety of
pleasant excursions, which may have an interest that is topo¬
graphical and historical or antiquarian, if not exactly scientific.
To which section of the modern sciences, expressly represented
by this Association, belongs the determination of the locality of
the fabulous iBle of Avalon, famed in the Arthurian Legend ? or
the medimval religions myth of St. Joseph of Arimathea plant¬
ing the first Christian church on this island among the
Somerset marshes and lakes? or the miraculous Christmas
flowering, year after year, of the sacred Glastonbury Thom ?
Six miles Bouth-west of the quiet little episcopal city of
Wells, in the wide plain of soft and moist verdure that spreads
between the Mendip limestone hills and the moorlands of
long jonrney from Palestine. He and his twelve
, having arrived in Britain, sent by St. Philip the
convert this heathen nation and to cast out the
rstition, found their way to “ Yniswytryn,” as
,-as then named. They were all weary; so here
all Hill,” so called to this day, Joseph stuck his
:k into the earth, and it blossomed into flower.
companions
Apostle to
Druid supe
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sew. 15, 1888.—105
WOOLWICH ARSENAL: TORPEDOES
AND SHELLS.
The Government manufactory of Ordnance at the Royal
Arsenal, Woolwich, comprises the production not only of guns
for the armament of forts and batteries, for the Royal Navy,
and for the Field and Horse Artillery, but that of shells of
various descriptions to be discharged from the guns, and of
torpedoes, the modern instrument for destroying hostile ships.
Many of our readers will feel some interest in the construction
of these implements of warfare, and by permission of General
Maitland, C.B., Direotor-Generol of Ordnance Factories, onr
Artist, Mr. W. D. Almond, has been allowed to make a few
Sketches of the work going on there, in explanation of which
the following statements may be found sufficient for the
ordinary reader.
The manufacture of Whitehead torpedoes is carried on in
a fine new building, certainly one of the most spacious,
lightest, and most convenient workshops in or near London,
reoently erected at the eastern side of tho Arsenal grounds,
near the Marshes. Submarine mine apparatus is prepared at
Chatham: this factory at Woolwich is devoted entirely to
Whitehead torpedoes, of which it makes about two hundred
and fifty in a year, all of one pattern ; but they are made
also for our Government by a private firm, Messrs. Greenwood
and Batley, of Leeds. The Whitehead torpedo is a wonderful
maobine, whatever may prove hereafter to be its actual value
in naval warfare. The destructive power of its head, which
is charged with TO lb. of wet gun-cotton, to be ignited by
a primer and detonator on striking the side of a ship,
is not the most wonderful feature of this machine. It may
be regarded as a mechanical swimming fish, rivalling in its
independent alacrity the living oreatures of tho sea, with an
automatic locomotive faculty, exerted for a short time, hardly
surpassed by any marine animal. The reader must imagine a
fish made of metal, lift. Bin. long and fourteen inches in
diameter, somewhat resembling a very large shark in general
outline. Its head, of phosphor-bronze, though it opens no
dreadful jaws full of sharp teeth, can bite an immense hole in
the timber or iron side of the stontest ship; for its skull or
brain-pan is charged with explosive matter that will rend any¬
thing, even a solid rock, with which the detonator comes
in contact. The middle part or body of the fish, made
of Whitworth steel, contains what one might call its
heart and lungs, and the source of its muscular activity
for swimming. This force of the torpedo as a locomotive
engine is the elasticity of condensed air, filling the air-chamber
of the breast, and having a force equivalent to the pressure of
13501b. on the square inch. Behind the air-chamber is the
“ buoyancy-chamber," of sheet steel, which enables the torpedo
to float. In frontof this are placed the engine and gear, worked
by the power of the compressed air, to drive the screw-pro¬
peller at the tail of the vessel, if a torpedo may be called a
vessel. These engines, which are elsewhere employed also for
working the machinery of the electric light and for various
other purposes, are patented and manufactured by Mr. P.
Brotherhood, of Belvedere-road, Lambeth. We do not know
the mechanical construction of the engine ; but its external
appearance is remarkably unassuming : one sees only a cluster
of small cylindrical cases, placed obliquely crosswise, and
painted red, with a small wheel outside; the whole thing is
very compact, and might be lifted with one hand and put into
carries this weapon of war; but no sooner is
it off than its engine is automatically set
working, and its propeller drives it on...
Our Illustrations of several incidental
operations in the manufacture of Whitehead
torpedoes need a few words of explanation.
The case for the body is a plate of rolled steel,
bent into the form of a hollow' cylinder, and
riveted; then comes the " Setting up of the
Head,” which is of phosphor-bronze, and is
closed with rivets and brazed. The operation
called ” Lining out ” is that of determining
the exact centre line through the torpedo, by
the application of a " scribing block.” and by
ocular observation. “ Ganging the Tail of the Torpedo”—
that is, ascertaining the accuracy of the propeller flanges—is
another critical operation which does not call for particular
comment on onr part.
We are much obliged to General E. Maitland, C.B., R.A.,
Director-General of Ordnance Factories, for permission to
inspect and delineate these and other matters of interest; also
to Colonel W. R. Barlow, R.A., Superintendent of the Royal
Laboratory, and Mr. A. Anderson, manager of the Laboratory
(in which the fuses are manufactured), and to others, for their
courtesy and kindness in showing onr Artist what vras to be
seen, and in giving all the information that was desired.
An account of the manufacture of shells and shrapnel
shells is deferred till next week.
a common milliner's
bonnet-box; this is an
engine of thirty-horse
power, which would pro¬
pel a good sized launch
or boat as well as a
steam-engine could do.
It causes the shaft to
revolve with immense
rapidity ; and at the end
of the shaft, in the tail,
as it were, of the mechan¬
ical fish, is the donble
screw propeller, two sets
of spiral flanges revolv¬
ing in opposite directions,
one set being fixed on an
outer tube-shaft over the
inner solid shaft, which
bears the other set; the
screw - propeller flanges
having a dia¬
meter of thirteen
inches. This will
give to the tor¬
pedo, under
water, a maxi¬
mum speed of twenty-
seven knots or nautical
miles an hour, exceeding
that of Aheswif test large
steam-ships. In front of
the propeller, or tail of
the fish, are fonr well-
proportioned tail - fins,
one pair being the verti¬
cal rudders, permanently
adjusted, to keep the
torpedo in a straight
course directed to its
object; the other pair
are the horizontal rud¬
ders, acted upon automat-
ically by a aontrivance
which is kept a secret,
and, when adjusted,
serving to keep the tor-
pedo at any required
certain depth below the
surface of the water,
neither rising nor sink¬
ing. We can only guess
that this contrivance has
some connection with
regulating the amount
of air in the " bnoyancy-
chamber.” The White-
head torpedo is aimed
and discharged, like a
military rocke t, from a
tube on boardflH
or torpedo-boa
BETTING UP THE HEAD OF A TORPEDO.
300
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 15, 1834
THE PLAYHOUSES.
“Hyde and Jekyll,” drama, melodrama, farcical comedy,
drawing-room drama, English opera, opera bonffe, ballet
divertissement, marionettes — there are already plenty of
amusements to choose from in town. The cry is, still they
come ! The Strand offers “ Kleptomania ” and th© brightened
burlesque of ‘ Aladdin” on the Fifteenth of September.
Drury-Lanc reopens on the Twenty-second with the grand
new spectacular drama of “ The Armada,” which the authors
farther describe as“ a romance of On the Twenty-fourth,
the brand-new Court Theatre, ne ir Sloane-square. under the
direction of Mrs. John Wood and Mr. Arthur Chudleigh, is
to be inaugurated with Mr. Sydney Grundy's adaptation
of “ Les Surprises du Divorce,” entitled “ Mamma,” in
which the popular comedienne, Mrs. Wood, appears with
Mr. Hare, Mr. Arthur Cecil, and an excellent company. The
same evening witnesses the return of Mr. Thomas Thorne to
the Vaudeville with ‘‘Joseph’s Sweetheart.” On the Twenty-
seventh, the Opera Comique reopens with Madame Julia
Woolf's new “ romantic comic opera,” “ Carina.” The new
Gilbert-Sullivan opera, having for theme an historical romance
in the Tower of London, is in full rehearsal at the Savoy.
And Mr. George R. Sims, Mr. Henry Petfcitt, and Herr Meyer
Lutz have been actively collaborating at Scarborough on the
forthcoming new Gaiety burlesque, which is to be “ Faust ”
in a fresh garb. Enough fare here in all conscience for the
most enthusiastic theatregoer, without reckoning the new
playhouses, the Lyric, the Shaftesbury, and the Garrick,
which will also be open in a few months !
The representation of Mr. H. Rider Haggard’s weirdly
supernatural romance of “ She” on the stage may be regarded
as nn arduous undertaking. The wealth of imagination and
poetic sentiment in that powerful story of a female
Claudian ” demanded the seductive accompaniments of
sensuous music, in addition to artistic acting, and the per¬
fection of scenic illusion, such as Mr. Irving has accustomed
us to at the Lyceum, to render the dramatic version of ‘‘She”
a certain triumph.
Cheerfully making molehills of the mountains of difficulties
in her way, Miss Sophie Eyre fulfilled her promise, and on the
Sixth of September produced the elaborate drama of “ She.”
by permission of Mr. Haggard, at the Gaiety. The strong
and intensely dramatic prologue, written by Mr. Edward
Rose with notable skill, may be said to have begun the
story of “ She ” at the very beginning. It transported
ns to the ancient African city of Kor, two thousand
years back. There, the Queen Ayesha stabbed the Greek priest
Kalliknites, because he would not return her love, and brought
down upon herself the terrible curse of his wife Amenartas
(Miss Fanny Enson). This prologue, admirably constructed
by Mr. Rose, was powerfully acted, and started ‘‘She” well on
her life through the centuries. Therefrom, two thousand
years being supposed to elapse, the course of Mr. Haggard’s
stirring tale was pretty closely followed. The strange legend
inscribed on the potsherd and papers was interpreted at his
Cambridge rooms by Leo Vincey with the aid of bis guardian,
Horace Holly. Finding himself heir to the vengeance of his
ancestress, Amenartas, Leo Vincey there and then determined
to set sail for the far distant African city to wreak vengeance
on the Qneen of Kor for the murder of Kallikrates. With re¬
markable rapidity, the voyage and the wreck were forcibly
illustrated, and the cannibalistic Aznahagger people intro¬
duced. In accordance with the peculiar habits of the Ama-
haggers, the fair Ustane fell in love at first sight with stalwart
Leo Vincey, who reciprocated her fondness; and Leo’s low-
comedy valet, Job, inspired another native with affection.
This second act, undeniably picturesque, was brought to an
effective close by the endeavour to “hot-pot” Mehomed,
the Arab captain of the wrecked dhow, by a vigorous fight
between Leo and his party and the natives, and by the sudden
appearance of the radiant figure of “ She,” before whom all
the Amahaggers quailed. With undoubted power did Miss
Sophie Eyre from first to last enact the supernatural part of
“ She-who-must-be-obeyed,” doomed by the curse of Amenarfca*
U
as Holly, .Mr. James East as timid Job Round, Mr. E. Cleary as
Mehomed. Mr. H. Maxwell as the white-bearded Billali, Mr.
Edmund Gurney as the Chief Ugogo, and by the Amahaggers
whom Mr. John D'Auban trained.
“ When in doubt, play 1 The Ticket-of-Leave Man ’! ” That
seems to be the standing rule at the Olympic, which Miss
Agnes Hewitt reopeued on the Eighth of September with a
remarkably bright and interesting revival of Tom Taylor’s
powerful drama. It was very strongly cast. Miss Agnes
Hewitt was a prepossessing and charming May Edwards,
Mr. Henry Xevilie renewed his youth as Robert Brierly. In¬
junction. scorning, Mr. Charles Sugden played Jem Dalton with
quiet force. Mrs. Stephens, the original Mrs. Willoughby, was
missed ; but Mrs. Huntley made a good substitute in that
mirth-moving part. Miss Jennie Lee was rather too de¬
monstrative as Sam Willoughby. Mr. J. P. Burnett was the
Hawksbaw, and Mr. F. Motley Wood, Mel ter Moss. Mr. Compton
Coutts's quaint Green Jones well matched the vivacious Emily
St. Evremond of Miss Helen Ferrers (a sister of Miss Fortescue).
Mr. Jerome St. Jerome, author of one of the most sympathetic
one-act pieces on the stage, “Barbara,” furnished a neatly-
written poetical “ curtain-riser ” in “ Pity is Akin to Love.”
Prince Albert of Schleswig-Holstein, who is staying at Glen
Muich. dined on Sept, with the Queen and Royal family at
Balmoral, and Viscount C’ranbrook and Mr. Mackenzie of
Kintail also had that honour. The Queen, accompanied by
Princess Beatrice and the Grand Duke of Hesse, went out on
the morning of the 7th, and her Majesty in the afternoon drove
with Princess Alice of Hesse, attended by the Dowager Lady
Churchill. The Grand Duke of Hesse took leave of the Queen
and left the castle for London and Germany. On the morning
of the 8th, the Queen again went out with Princess Beatrice.
Divine service was performed at the castle on Sunday morning,
the 9th, in the presence of the Queen, the Royal family, and the
Royal household. The Rev. A. Campbell officiated. In tbe
afternoon her Majesty drove with Princess Alice of Hesse to
the Mains of Abergeldie, and visited Princess Frederica.
Princess Beatrice joined the Queen there, and drove home with
The Duchess of Albany and family arrived at Ballater by
Queen’s Messenger train on the morning of Sept. 11. Her
Royal Highness drove to Birkhall.
SEPT. l.>, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
307
THE RISING IN ZULU LANG.
'The prompt energy of General Smyth, and the experience and
ability of hie staff, have succeeded, so far as can be judged
from the netvs up to this date, in stopping what at first promised
to be another of those “ little wars ” which have made South
Africa so great a drain on the British Exchequer. There have,
however, not been wanting several exciting engagements with
the enemy in this latest Zulu outbreak.
In the midBt of steeply undulating grassy downB is situated
the head-quarters station of the Resident Commissioner of the
Lower Uinvolosi, Mr. Pretorius. Early in June, this repre¬
sentative of the paramount British authority
was besieged by several thousand insurgent
Zulus. Ho had with him five or six whites,
fifty native police, and several hundred native
allies. He made two successful sallies, though
losing, perhaps, fifty of his native allies killed.
The General arrived in Zululand towards the
end of June, and at once sent a flying column
of regular cavalry, mounted rifles, and infantry,
under Major M'Kean (Inniskilling Dragoons)
and Captain Baden-Powell (13th Hussars), who
successfully relieved Mr. Pretorius, built n fort,
loft a hundred infantry in garrison, and dis¬
persed the insurgents.
The military head-quarters were fixed at
Ekowe, or Etchowe, a place notable for the siege
there sustained by Colonel Pearson (now General
Sir Edward Pearson) in the great Zulu war. In
one of oar Sketches. General Smyth, with his
chief of the stuff, Colonel Curtis, C.M.G., is
taking the verbal report of a mounted mes¬
senger, whose Zulu orderly holds the horses on
which they hove just reached head-quarters. On one occasion a
flying column was dispatched to relieve a beleaguered police
fort at N wand we, nt which a loyal Zulu tribe had taken refuge.
The station had to be abandoned, and the natives were brought
away to a place of security. We give a Sketch, by one who
was there, of an incident common on that march, when the
Inniskillings frequently helped the native women along by
relieving them of their baby burdens, showing that dragooning
in Znlnland is not inconsistent with kindly feeling.
The telegrams do not tell us mneh of the work done by the
Native Contingent, which the Civil authorities seem always
attempting to raise ; but the General made special arrange¬
ments with the well-known “Zulu Englishman ” John Dunn,'
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
LINKED LIVES.
Somewhere or other, I fancy, I have heard of a story, or novel,
which bore the title I have chosen for this paper. Doubtless
the tale in question, if it possesses an existence at all, deals
with existences which are bound together by one or other of
the ties that link human lives in the bonds of friendship, love,
trust, or their opposites—love, hate, and even crime itself. In
the lower life that pulsates around us, all unsuspected and
unknown, one comes across not a few illustrations of “ linked
lives." Animals seem to be tied by mystic bonds to other and
often widely different animals ; plants are often bound to other
plants in ties of close but apparently meaningless relation¬
ship ; while animals and plants may be associated by bonds
that literally no man may put asunder. There is a well-known
ease of linked lives seen in the association of a well-known
hermit-crab with an equally well-known sea-anemone — the
Cloak species. The latter is stuck firmly on the whelk-shell
within which Mr. Pagurus, os the hermit-crab is named,
ensconces himself. When this crustacean anchorite moves
about, he carries his friend the ane¬
mone on the roof of his house. It is
not exactly a repetition of the
sore perplexity of Sinbad, with his
the principle of Dean Swift's fleas, is, of course, a well-known
fact. These are the " parasites' of zoology and botany. We
can very well understand an animal or plant becoming not
only a lodger but a boarder also, on another animal or plant;
and, like certain discontented tenants in these latter days, not
only paying no rent, but dishonestly absorbing the nutriment
manufactured by the host for its own use. Parasites, we can
appreciate, as to the selfishness of their motives. They live
rent-free, often in the very kitchen of their host, and are the
gainers in the sense of the easy life they lead, although Nature
does work ont her revenges by making the idle parasite mostly
a rudimentary being, and by depriving it of the organs which
other independent and honest-living animals
possess. “Linked lives” of this latter nature
are not difficult to comprehend.
Within recent years, an idea has been gaining
ground in the minds of natnral historians that
many examples of linked lives are to be dis¬
covered in quarters where their existence
coaid scarcely have been suspected. For in¬
stance, what are we to think of the case of
those well-known plants the cycads ? In certain
speoies grown in pots, branches shoot upwards
from the roots, showing & different structure
from the ordinary root-processes of the plant.
In these peculiar roots are discovered collec¬
tions of a speoies of the lowest formB of plants
(or algae) known by the name of Nostoc. Into
the cycad-roots these lesser neighbours creep
and multiply. They tinge the layer of the root
where they are found with a blue colour,
and they even cause alterations in the root-
structure itself. Nothing is known of the
reason of these linked lives of high and low
plants. All we can say is that the association is constant
and continuous; its object is unknown. Again, the well-
known lichens seem now to he capable of being resolved
by botanists each into two distinct kinds of plants leading
thnswise their linked lives. The apparently uniform and
single lichen really consists of a fnngns j>lvx an alga, or lowest
form of plant-life. It would seem, in truth, that the latter
plays the part of lion’s provider to the fungus, and that it
supplies the fnngns with food ; but none the less is it a
who supported our expedition with 2000 of his tribesmen. We
give the Sketch-portrait of this useful Chief in the act of
leading off one irapi of his followers on the war-path, while
some of those who remain perforin the usual ceremony of a
farewell war-dance.
DESTRUCTIVE VOLCANIC ERUPTION IN
JAPAN.
The recent eruption of a volcano in the Bandai-san»mountain
range, which is situated in the principal island of Japan,
above Lake Inawashiro, about 130 miles north of Yokohama,
provsd terribly destructive, causing the loss of nearly floo
lives, demolishing 200 houses, and devastating a very large
extent of land. In Julj r , soon after this disaster occurred, an
English party from Yokohama, consisting of General
Palmer, R.E., Captain Brinkley, It.A.. Mr. Henry Norman,
Mr. Trevethick, and Mr. Edgar Abbott, went to view the
effects of the eruption. Mr. Edgar Abbott made the .Sketches
with which he has furnished us ; one of which shows the
vicw'from the centre of the valley, looking up at the crater
wall, a newly-formed cliff G00ft. high, behind which, to the
right hand, steam appears issuing from the crater. Quite
one-third of this part of the mountain, in front of the cliff,
was blown away by the eruption, and here 230 people were
buried alive by the enormous mass of mud, rocks, and earth,
and volcanic substance. The other Sketch is that of the
villages of Kawagami and Kagasaka, with a mine and some
huts on the slope of the hill to the left band, and with a vast
heap of mud and stones that issued from the side of the
mountain, and beneatli which 137 persons lost their lives
belonging to these unfortunate villages.
An interesting description, written, we believe, by General
Palmer, was published in the Timin of Sept. II, from which
we learn that the Sho Bandai-san Mountain, 3S00 ft. high, was
by this volcanic eruption, on July 13, almost in the twinkling
of an eye, “ blown into the air and wiped out of the map of
Japan,” and a deluge of falling earth and rooks, mud or hot
sand and dust, fell upon a dozen upland hamlets, pouring
down the neighbouring valleys to a distance of five or six
miles. The river Nagase, which flowed along the foot of the
mountain range, to the left hand in our View, is now blocked
np by a barrier of mud 200 ft. high, and it is expected that the
whole of the Nagasegawa valley will be converted into a lake,
as many pools have already formed. No lava has been ejected,
or any of the burning cinders discharged by some volcanoes ;
Hie explosion was that of subterranean steam, as in the
Tarawera eruption of New Zealand. The Mikado and the
Imperial Government are making great efforts to relieve the
surviving families and the distressed people of the district.
Ths Manchester City Council has applied to the Board
iraue for leave to borrow nearly half a million of money
oe spent on sewerage works. Ninetv-four acres of land ha
oeen bought as a place for the deposit of refuse.
A memoria 1 to the late Lord St. John has been erected
toe chancel of Bletsqe Church, Bedfordshire, in the shape of
Deantitul three-light window, representing the “ Angel at tl
lomb, with the text, “ He is not here, for He is risen.” Tl
i-ivln *° n ^e ^° 0 *' * g —“ i ,L memory of St. Andre
is*? Ba 2 m St - John > of Bletsoe, born Oct. 5, 18*0, died Nov.
ftooted by his wife and children.” The work w
assigned and executed by Messrs. Mayer and Co
Old Man of the Sea, but it is something nearly approaching
to the case of that famous mariner. Between the two
animals there is some association or other, deeper than a
mere accidental companionship can explain. Yon never find
this species of hermit-crab without the anemone reposing
peacefully on its shell, like a mahout on his elephant's back.
The companionship is invariable in its character ; nay. more,
it is a matter of one-sided esteem, apparently, on the part of
hermit Pagurus. For he has been seen to feed the anemone
with his big claws, which bar the entrance to liis shell when
he has withdrawn into his abode. When Pagurus removes to
a new shell liis anemone-friend is not left in the larch. It is
detached by the crab from the old shell, and placed triumph¬
antly on the new one. I have called this esteem a one-sided
affair; for, considering what a sea-anemone is—an almost
nerveless creature, while the crab is at least respectably
organised as to nerves and senses—we can hardly suppose the
former has much to say in the matter of the domestic and
other arrangements included in its co-tenancy with the crab.
But the anemone race returns the compliment, not exactly
to the crab-kind but to the fishes, in the matter of linked
lives. A big tropical anemone is known which gives shelter
to small fishes within its body. The fishes have been seen to
swim freely in and out of their strange shelter. Now, to a
sea-anemone all that enters its month, or comes within reach
of the feelers that surround that aperture, is fair game in the
way of food. An ordinary anemone engulfs and digests
the crab or periwinkle that has been unfortunate enough to
stumble across its feelers. So it is, I confess, n somewhat
inexplicable fact that other anemones should, in the manner
noted, act as willing hosts to fish-guests. Perchance, on the
theory of that habit which becomes second nature, this asso¬
ciation may be reasoned out. That which began as a chance
companionship, became strengthened into a permanent one.
We can go no further in arguing out such a case os that
before us, because there appears to be no advantage save,
perhaps, that of shelter enjoyed by the fish, and no return
at all. apparently, given by the fish to its gelatinous host.
That there are creatures living in or upon other creatures, on
striking fact in modern botany to find that the lichen re¬
solves itself to-day into two distinct but closely-united plants.
Among the animal denizens of the pools we find the little
green hydras, each consisting of a minute tubular body,
attached to the waterweed by an extremity, and having n
month and tentacles at the free end of the body. Now,
certain speoies of hydras are coloured green, and of late it
has been suggested that this green hue (which is certainly
due to the presence of the green colouring matter of plants’)
is really contributed by microscepio algm ; and these,
doubtless, live on the waste matters which are excreted or
given off from the animal whose tissues they inhabit. These
green algce perform a service to the lichens and fungi of
reverse nature. These latter are not green, and cannot, there¬
fore, feed as do green plants. The little alg®, however, can,
and do. manufacture food - staffs from the carbonic acid
gas of the air, and, in truth, -Supply the fungus with
ready-made nutriment. The truth is, that probably when
we have become better accustomed to regard linked lives in
nature and their meanings, we shall discover many additional
examples of snch relationships. The whole subject is only a
new phase of the old interdependence of life. The lion can¬
not live without the antelope; and the antelope, in its turn,
cannot exist where there are no grasses to eat. The linked
lives here include the grass, the antelope, and the lion, in a
cycle wherein is no break or gap at all. When the lion dies,
his elements go back to the world of non-living matter to feed
the grasses, and thus the cycle revolves. So far from linked
existences being rarities of nature, they would seem in this
broad sense to represent the ordinary method of life's working—
so true is it that nothing either in lower nature or in human
life stands utterly solitary and alone. Andrew Wilson.
RAILWAY COLLISION IN FRANCE.
The terrible accident of Sept. 5, on the Paris, Lyons, and
Mediterranean Railway, by which twelve persons were killed
and forty others were injured, several English travellers being
among those who suffered, was a disaster that must have
caused much anxiety at this period of the tourist season. It
took place at Velars, five miles from Dijon, where the express
train coming from Italy by the Mont Cenis tunnel route, and
going to Paris, having passed Macon and Dijon, ran off the
rails, obstructing both lines, and was ran into, a few minutes
afterwards, by the express-train coming from Paris on the
way to Geneva. This happened in the night, or about half¬
past two in the morning. The collision was extremely violent,
as the express-train from Paris, being late, was going at full
speed down an incline ; both engines were knocked over the
embankment, eight carriages of the other train were crushed
to pieces, and few of the passengers escaped some hart Among
those killed was Miss Edith Marriott, of Cromwell - road,
London, whilo Captain Edward Marriott was seriously injured ;
Mr. M. Bachet, of A an ic res, near Paris, with his wife and
brother, all killed ; a French gentleman named Lorette, on his
way, accompanied by his wife, to visit a sick son at Belley ; a
French officer and his child, while his wife remained unhnrt
by their side : and the driver and guard of the train. One,
who seems to have been looking ont of the carriage window,
had his head cut sheer off by the other train dashing close
past the carriage. Those in the sleeping-car were not much
hnrt, if nt all. Among those injured were Miss Muriel, of
Chester, a lady governess. Miss Green, and Mr. and Mrs. Blnin-
berg, of London, and Mr. E. L. Owen, a young English student.
-
*£ Jiff '! 'iW V%l !
«K«U If «
. .- i
'A. ■.%.:!!
ISP
1*1^ a <
K MOUNTAIN, in japan, where the volcanic eruption destroyed five hundred people
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. J5, 1888.-309
'A %t?
1. Hisses Hill, St. Joseph. s. The Bearded Fig-tree. s. Sugar-cane going to market.
3 . “Sugar-cane, a halfpenny a itlck I" 4. View from St. John's Church. s. Sugar-cane tops for cattle fodder.
ACROSS TWO OCEANS: BARBADOES.-SKETCHES BY OUR SPECIAL ARTIST, MR. MELTON PRIOR.
310
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.
BY WALTER BESANT,
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 15, 1888
CHAPTER XX.
BENJAMIN'S WARNING.
I have so much to
tell, before long, of
Benjamin's evil con-
I" duct, it must iu
justice be recorded of
him that at this juncture
he endeavoured, know¬
ing more of the world
than we of Somerset, to
warn and dissuade his
cousins from taking part
in any attempt which
should be made in the
West. And this he did
by means of a letter
written to his father. I
know not how far the
letter might have suc¬
ceeded, but, unfortunately, it arrived
two or three days too late—when
our boys had already joined the
insurgents.
“Honoured Sir," he wrote, ‘‘I
write this epistle, being much oon-
e, rued in spirit lest my grandfnther,
whose opinions are well known, not
only in his own couuty but also at
the Court, should be drawn into, or
become cognisant of, some attempt to raise the West Country
against their lawful King. It will not be news to you that the
Earl of Argyll hath landed in Scotland, where he will meet
with such a reception which will doubtless cause him to repent
of his rashness. It is also currently reported, and everywhere
believed, that the Duke of Monmouth intends immediately to
embark and cross the sea with tile design of raising the
country in rebellion. The Dissenters, who have been going
about with sour looks for five-and-twenty years, venture now
to smile and look pleased in anticipation of another civil war.
This may follow, but its termination, I think, will not be
what they expect.
“ I have also heard that my cousin Humphrey, Dr. I'.ykm s
favourite pupil, who hath never concealed his opinions, hath
lately returned from Holland (where the exiles are gathered),
and passed through Loudon accompanied by Robin. I have
further learned that while iu London he visited (but alone,
without Robin’s knowledge) many of those who are known to
be friends of the Duke and red-hot Protestants. Wherefore, I
greatly fear that he hath been in correspondence with the
exiles, and is cognisant of their designs, and may even be their
messenger to announce the intentions of his Protestant
champion. Certain I am that should any chance occur of
striking a blow for freedom of worship, my cousin, though he
is weak and of slender frame, will join the attempt. He will
also endeavour to draw after him everyone iu his power.
Therefore, my dear father, use all your influence to withstand
him, and, if he must for his own part plunge into ruin, persuade
my grandfather and my cousin Robin to stay quiet at home.
“ I hear it on the best authority that the temper of the
country, and especially in your part of it, hath been carefully
studied by the Government, and is perfectly well known. Those
who would risk life and lands for the Duke of Monmouth are
few indeed. He may, perhaps, draw a rabble after him, but
no more. The fat tradesmen, who most long for the con¬
venticle, will not fight, though they may pray for him.
The country gentlemen may be Protestants, but they are
mostly for'Church and King. It is quite true that his
Majesty is a Roman Catholic, nor hath he ever concealed or
denied his religion, being one who scorns deception. It is
also true that his profession of faith is a stumbling-block to
many who find it hard to reconcile their teaching of Non-
Resistance and Divine Right with the introduction of the Mass
and the Romish Priest. But the country hath not yet for¬
gotten the sour rule of the Independent; and rather than suffer
him to return, the people will endure a vast deal of Royal
Prerogative.
“It is absolutely certain—assure my grandfather on this
point, whatever he may learn from Humphrey—that the better
sort will never join Monmouth, whether he comes as another
Cromwell to restore the Commonwealth, or whether he aspires
to the Crown and dares to maintain—a thing which King
Charles did always stoutly deny—that his mother was married.
Is it credible that the ancient throne of these Kingdoms
should be usurped by the base-I om son of Lucy Waters ?
“ I had last night the honour of drinking a bottle of wine
With that great lawyer, Sir (Jeorge Jeffreys. The conversation
turned upon this subject. We were assured by the Judge that
the affections of the people are wholly with the King; that the
liberty of worship which he demands for himself he will also
willingly extend to the country, so that the last pretence of
reason for disaffection shall be removed. Why should the people
run after Monmouth, when if he were successful, he could
give no more than the King is ready to give r 1 was also
privately warned by Sir George that my grandfather’s name
is unfavourably noted, and liis actions and speeches will be
watched. Therefore, Sir, I humbly beg that you will repre¬
sent to him and to my cousins, and to Dr. Eykin himself,
first the hopelessness of any such enterprise and the certainty
of defeat; and next the punishment which will fall upon the
rebels and upou those who lend them any countenance. Men
of such a temper as Dr. Comfort Eykin will, doubtless, go to
the scaffold willingly with their mouths full of the texts which
they apply to themselves on all occasions. For such I have no
pity, yet for the sake of his wife and daughter 1 would will¬
ingly, if I could, save him from the fate which will be his if
Monmouth lands on the West. And as for my grandfather,
’tis terrible to think of his white hairs blown by the breeze
while the hangman adjusts the knot; and I should shudder
to see the blackened limbs of Robin stuck upon poles for all
the world to see.
“ It is my present intention, if my affairs permit, to follow
my fortunes on the Western Circuit in the autumn, when I
shall endeavour to ride from Taunton or Exeter to Bradford
Orcas. My practice grows apace. Daily I am heard in the
Courts. The Judges already know me and listen to me. The
juries begin to feel the weight of my arguments. The
attorneys besiege my chambers. For a junior I am in great
demand. It is my prayer that you, Kir, may live to sec
your son Chancellor and a Peer 'of the realm. Less than
Lord Chancellor will not content me. As for marriage,
that might hinder my rise; I shall not marry yet. There is
In vour parish, Sir, one who knows my mind upon this matter.
I wall be pleased to think that you will assure her—you know
•AU BitkU Btstrwd.
very well whom I mean—that my mind is unaltered, and that
my way is now plain before me. So, I remain, with dutiful
respect, 3 'our obedient eon, “ B. B.”
This letter arrived, 1 say, after the departure of Robin
with his company of village-lads.
When Mr. Boscorei had rend it slowly and twice over so as
to lose no point of the contents, he sat and pondered a while.
Then he arose, and with troubled face he sought Sir
Christopher, to whom he read it through. Then he waited for
Sir Christopher to speak.
“ The bov writes,” said his Honour, after awhile, “accord¬
ing to his lights. He repeats the things he heat's said by his
boon companions. Nav, more, he believes them. Why, it is
easy for them to swear loyalty and to declare in their cups
where the affections of the people are placed.”
“Sir Christopher, what is done cannot be undone. The
boys are gone—alas!—but you still remain. Take heed for a
space what yon say as well as what you do.”
“ How should they know the temper of the country?”
Sir Christopher went on, regardless. “What doth the foul-
mouthed profligate Sir George Jeffreys know concerning sober
and godly people ? These are not noisy Templars; they are
not profligates of the Court; they arc not haunters of tavern
and pot-house; they are not those who frequent the play¬
house. Judge Jeffreys knows none such. They are lovers of
the Word of God; they wish to worship after their fashion;
they hate the Pope and" all his works. Let us hear what these
men say upon the matter.”
“ Nay,” said Mr. Boscorei; “I care not greatly what they
say. But would to God the boys were safe returned.”
‘ “Benjamin means well,” Sir Christopher went on. “I
take this warning kindly; lie means well. It pleases me that
in the midst of the work and the feasting, which he loves, he
thinks upou us. Tell him, son-in-law, that I thank him for
his letter. It shows that he hath preserved a good heart.”
“As for his good heart”—Mr. Boscorei stroked his nose
with his forefinger—” so long as Benjamin gets what he
wants—which is Benjamin’s mess, and five times the mess of
any other—there is no doubt of his good heart.”
“Worse things than these,” said Kir Christopher, “were
said of us when the civil wars began. The King’s troops would
ride us down; the country would not join us; those of us who
were not shot or cut down in the field would be afterwards
hanged, drawn, and quartered. Y’et we drove the King from
his throne.”
“ And then another King came back again. So we go up,
and so we go down. But about this expedition and about these
boys my mind misgives me.”
“Son-in-law,” Sir Christopher said solemnly, “I am now
old, and the eyes of ray mind are dim, so that I no longer dis¬
cern the signs'of the times, or follow the current of the stream;
moreover, we hear but little news, so that I cannot even see
an.v of those signs. Yet to men in old age, before they pass
away to the rest provided by the Lord, there coineth sometimes
a vision by which they arc enabled to see clearly when younger
men are still groping their way in a kind of twilight. Mon¬
mouth hath landed; my boys are with him ; they are rebels;
should the rising fail, their lives are forfeit; and that of my
dear friend Dr. Comfort F.ykin’s—yea, and my life as well
belike, because I have been a consenting party. Ruin and
death will in that event fall upon all of us. Whether it will
so happen I know not, nor do 1 weigh the chance of that event
against the voice of conscience, duty, and honour. My boys
have obeyed that voice; they have gone forth to conquer or to
die. My vision doth not tell me what will happen to them.
But it shows me the priest flying from the country, the King
flying from the throne, and that fair angel whom we call
Freedom of Conscience, returning to bless the land. To know
that the laws of God will triumph-ought not that to reconcile
a man, already seventy-five years of age. to death, even a death
upon the gallows ? What matter for this earthly body so that
it be spent until the end in the service of the Lord ? "
CHAPTER XXI.
WE WAIT FOR THE END.
I have said that my father from the beginning unto the end of
this business was as one beside himself, being in an ecstacy or
rapture of mind, insomuch that he heeded nothing. The
letters he sent out to his friends the Nonconformists, either
brought no answer or else they heaped loads of trouble, being
intercepted and read, upou those to whom they were addressed.
But he was not moved. The defection of his friends and of the
gentry caused him no uneasiness. Nay, he even closed his
eyes and cars to the drinking, the profane oaths, and the
riotous living in the camp. Others there were, like-minded
with himself, who saw the hand of the Lord in this enterprise,
and thought that it would succeed by amiracle. The desertions
of the men, which afterwards followed, and the defection of
those who should have joined—these things were but the weed¬
ing of the host, which should lx- still further weeded-as in a
well-known chapter in the Book of Judges—until none but the
righteous should be left behind. These things he preached
daily, and with mighty fervour, to all who would listen; but
these were few in number.
As regards his wife and daughter he took no thought for
them at all, being wholly enwrapped in his work ; he did not
so much as ask if we had money—to be sure, for five-aud-
twenty years he had never asked that question—or if we were
safely bestowed; or if we were well. Never have I seen any
man so careless of all earthly affections when he considered
the work of the Lord. But when the time came for the army
to march, what were we to do ? Where should we be bestowed?
“ As to following the army,” said Robin, " that is absurd.
We know not whither we may march or what the course of
events may order. You cannot go home without an armed
escort, for the country is up; the clubmen are out everywhere
to protect their cattle and horses, a rough and rude folk they
would be to meet; and the gipsies are robbing and plundering.
Can you stay here until we come buck, or until the country
hath settled down again ? ”
Miss lllakc g( nerously promised that we Bhould stay with
her ns long as we chose, adding many kind things about
myself, out of friendship and a good heart; and so it was
resolved that we should remain iu Taunton, where no harm
could befall us, while my father still accompanied the army to
exhort the soldiers.
“ I will take care of him,” said Bamaby. “He shall not
preach of a morning till he hath taken breakfast, nor shall he
go to bed until he hath had his supper. Ko long as the pro¬
visions last out he shall have his ration. After that I cannot
say. Maybe we shall all go on short commons, as hath
happened"to me already; and, truth to tell, I love it not.
All these things belong to the voyage, and are part of our
luck. Farewell, therefore, mother. Heart up!—all will go
well 1 Kiss me, Sis; we shall all come back again. Never
fear. King Monmouth shall be crowned in Westminster.
Dad shall lx Archbishop of Canterbury, nnd I shall be Captain
of a King’s ship. All our fortunes shall be made, and you,
Sis, shall have a great estate, and shall marry whom you
please—Robin or another. As for the gentry who have not come
forward, hang ’em, we 'U divide their estates between us and.
so change places, and they will be so astonished at not beine
shot for cowardice that they will rejoice and be glad to clean
our boots. Thus shall we aU be happy.”
So they marched away, Monmouth being now at the head
of an army seven thousand strong, and all in such spirits that
you would have thought nothing could withstand them. And
when I consider, and remember how that army marched away
with the cheers of the men and the laughter and jokes of
the young recruits, the tears run down my cheeks for thinking
how their joy was turned to mourning, and life was exchanged
for death. The last I saw of Robin was that he was turning in
his saddle to wave his hand, his face fuU of confidence and joy
The only gloomy face in the whole army that morning was the
face of Humphrey. Afterwards I learned that almost from the
beginning he foresaw certain disaster. In the first place, none
of those on whom the exiles of Holland had relied came into
camp. These were the backbone of the Protestant party—the
sturdy blood that had been freely shed against Charles I.
This was a bitter disappointment. Next, he saw in the army
nothing but a rabble of country lads, with such officers as
Captain Hucker, the Serge-maker, instead of the country
gentlemen, with their troops, as had been expected ; and from
the beginning he distrusted the leaders—even the Duke him¬
self. Ko he hung his head and laughed not with the rest. But
his doubts he kept locked up in his own heart. Robin knew
none of them.
It was a pretty sight to see the Taunton maids walking
out for a mile and more with their lovers who had joined
Monmouth. They walked hand-in-hand with the men; they
wore the Monmouth favours; they had no more doubt or fear
of the event than their sweethearts. Tliose who visit Taunton
now may sec these women (now grown old) creeping about the
streets lonely and sorrowful, mindful still of that Sunday
morning when they saw their lovers for the last time.
When I consider the history of this expedition I am
amazed that it did not succeed. It was, surely, by a special
judgment of God that the victory was withheld from Mon¬
mouth and reserved for William. I say not (presumptuously)
that the judgment was pronounced against the Duke on
account of his sinful life, but I think it was the will of Heaven
that the country should endure for three years the presence of
a l>rinee who was continually seeking to advance the Catholic
religion. The people were not yet ripe, perhaps, for that
universal disgust which caused them without bloodshed (in
this island at least) to pull down King James from his throne.
When, I say, I consider the temper and the courage of that
great army which left Taunton, greater than any which the
King could bring against it; when I consider the multitudes
who flocked to the standard at Bridgwater, I am lost in
wonder at the event.
From Sunday the 21st, when the army marched out of
Taunton, till the news came of their rout "on Sedgemoor, we
heard nothing certain about them. On Tuesday the Duke of
Albemarle, hearingthat the army had gone, occupied Taunton
with the Militia, and there were some who expected severities
on account of the welcome given to the Duke and the recruits
whom he obtained here. But there were no acts of revenge
that I heard of—and, indeed, lie did not stay long in the
town. As for us, we remained under the shelter of Miss
Blake’s roof, and daily expected news of some great and
signal victor}-. But none came, save one letter. Every day
we looked for this news, and every day we planned and laid
down the victorious march for our army.
“ They will first occupy Bristol,” said Miss Blake. “ That
is certain, because there are many stout Protestants in
Bristol, and the place is important." Once master of that
great city, our King will get possession of ships, and so will
have a fleet. There are, no doubt, plenty of arms in the town,
with which he will he able to equip au army ten times greater
than that which he now has. Then with—say, thirty thousand
men—he will march on London. The Militia will, of course,
lay down their arms or desert at the approach of this great
and resolute army. The King’s regiments will prove, I
expect, to be Protestants, every man. Oxford will open her
gates, London will send out her train-bands to welcome the
Deliverer, and so our King will enter in triumph and be
crowned at ■Westminster Abbey, one King James succeeding
another. Then there shall be restored to this distracted
country’’—being a schoolmistress Miss Blake could use
language worthy of the dignity of history—“ the blessings of
religious freedom; and the pure Word of God, stripped of
superstitious additions made by man, shall be preached through
the length and breadth of the land.”
“ What shall be done,” I asked, “with the Bishops?”
“They shall be suffered to remain,” she said, speaking
with a voice of authority, “for those congregations which
desire a prelacy, but stripped of their titles and of their vast
revenues. We will not persecute, but we will never suffer
one Church to lord it over another. Oh ! when will the news
come ? Where is the army now ? ”
The letter of which I have spoken was from Robin.
“Sweetheart,” he said, “all goes well so far. At Bridg¬
water we have received a welcome only second to that of
Taunton. The Mayor and Aldermen proclaimed onr King at
the High Cross, and the people have sent to the camp great
store of provisions and arms of all kinds. We are now six
regiments of foot with a thousand cavalry, besides the King’s
own body-guard. We have many good friends at Bridgwater,
especially one, Mr. Roger Hoar, who is a rich merchant of the
place, and is very zealous in the cause. Your father preached
on Sunday evening from the text, Deuteronomy vii. 5—
“ Ye shall destroy their altars and break down tlieir images
and cut down their groves and burn their graven images with
fire.” It was a most moving discourse, which fired the hearts
of aU who heurd it.
“ They say that our chief is downhearted beeaase the nobility
nnd gentry have not come iu. They only wait for the first
victory, after which they will come iu by hundreds. But some
of our men look forward to depriving them of their estates and
dividing them among themselves : and already the Colonels
and Majors are beginning to reckon up the great rewards
which await them. As for me, there is but one reward for
which I pray—namely, to return unto Bradford Orcas nnd to
the arms of my sweet saint. Lord Churchill is reported to he
at. Chard; there has been a brush in the Forest of Neroche
between the scouts, and it is said that all the roads arc guarded
so that recruits shall be arrested or at least driven back.
Perhaps this is the reason why the gentry sit down. Burnaby
says that so far there have been provisions enough and to
spare; and he hopes the present plenty may continue. No
ship’s crew can fight, he says, on half rations. Our march
will be on Bristol. I hope and believe that when we have
gotten that great town our end is sure. Humphrey continueth
glum.”
Many women there were who passed that time in prayer,
continually offering up supplications on behalf of husband,
brother, lover, or son. But at Taunton the Rector, one Walter
Harte, a zealous High Churchman, came forth from hiding,
and, with the magistrates, said prayers daffy for King James II.
To tell what follows is to renew a time of agony unspeak¬
able. Yet must it be told. Farewell, happy days of hope and
confidence ! Farewell, the sweet exchange of dreams! Farewell
DEAWN BY A. F0RE8TIEB.
The last I aato of Robin was that he teas turning in his saddle to wave his hand, his face full of confidence and joy.
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.’'—BY WALTER BE8ANT.
312
SEPT. 15, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
■well to our lovely hero, the gracious Duke ! A11 the troubles
that man's mind can conceive were permitted to be rained
upon our heads—defeat, wounds, death, prison—nay, for mo
such a thing os uo one could have expected or even feared—
such a fate us never entered the mind of man to invent.
When the Duko marched out of Bridgwater, across Sedge-
moor to Ulastonbury, the weather, which had been hot and
fine, became cold and rainy, which made the men uncom¬
fortable. At Glastonbury they camped in the ruins of the old
abbey. Thence they went to Shcpton Mallet, the spirits of
the men still being high. From Shepton Mallet they marched
to a place called Pensford, only five miles from Bristol. Here
they heard that the bridge over the Avon at Keynsham was
broken down. Th is being presently repaired, the urtny marched
across. They were then within easy reach of Bristol.
And now began the disasters of the enterprise. I'p to
this time everything had prospered. Had the Duke boldly
attacked Bristol—1 speak not of my own wisdom, having
none in such matters, but from others’ wisdom—he would
have encountered no more than twenty companies or
thereabouts of Militia, and a regiment of two hundred
and fifty horse. Moreover, Bristol was full of Dissenters,
who wanted nothing but encouragement to join the Pro¬
testant Champion. Not only the Duke's friends, but also
his enemies, agree in declaring that it wanted nothing but
courage to take that greet, rich, and populous city, where lie
would have found everything that he wanted—men and money,
arms and ammunition. 1 cannot but think that for his sins,
or for the sins of the nation, a judicial blindness was caused
to fall upon tho Puke, so that ho chose, of two ways open to
him, that which led to his destruction. In short, he tinned
away from Bristol, and drew up his forces against Bath. When
he summoned that city to surrender, they shot his herald, and
scoffed at him. Then, instead of taking* the town, the Duke
retired to rhilip’s Norton, where, 'tis said, he expected some
great reinforcements. But none came; and he now grew
greatly dejected, showing his dejection in his face, which
could conceal nothing. Yet he fought an action with his
half-brother, the Duke of Grafton, in which he was victorious,
u thing which ought to have helped him. In this action
Lieutenant Blake, Miss Blake’s cousin, was killed. Front
Philip's Norton the army marched to Frame, and here such
was the general despondency that two thousand men—a third
of the whole army—deserted in the night and returned to
their own homes. I think, also, it was at Frame that they
learned the news of Lord Argyll’s discomforture.
Then n council was held, at which it was proposed that the
army should be disbanded and ordered to return, seeing that
the King had proclaimed a pardon to all who would peace¬
fully lay down their arms and return home, and that the
Duke, with Lord Grey, and those who would be certainly
exempted from that pardon, should make the best of their
way out of the country.
Alius 1 hero was a way open to the snfety of all those poor
men; but again was the Duke permitted to choose the other
way—that, namely, which led to the destruction of his army
and himself. Yet they say that he himself recommended the
safer course. He must have known that he wanted arms and
ammunition; that his men were deserting; and that no more
recruits came in. Colonel Venner, one of his principal men,
was at this juncture sent away to Holland in order to get
assistance in arms and money. And the King’s proclamation
of pardon was carefully kept from the knowledge of the
soldiers.
On July the 4th the army returned to Bridgwater, and now
Dr. Hooke, chaplain to the army, and some of the officers were
scut away secretly in order to raise an insurrection in London
and elsewhere; the only hope being that risings in various
parts would call away some of the King’s forces from the West.
Some of the Taunton men in the army rode from Bridgwater
to see their friends. But we women (who, for the most part,
remained at home) learned no news save that as yet there had
been no signal victory: we did not hear of the large desertions
nor of the Duke's despondency. Therefore, we continued in
our fool’s paradise and looked every day for some great and
crowning mercy. Those who are on the. side of the Lord are
always expecting some special interference; whereas, they
ought to be satisfied with being on the right side, whether
victory or defeat be intended for them. In this enterprise 1
doubt not that those godly men (there were, I dare say, some
godly men) who fell in battle or were afterwards executed,
received their reward, and that a far, far greater reward than
their conduct deserved—for who can measure the short agony
of death beside the everlasting life of glory and joy un¬
speakable.
The last day of this fatal expedition was Sunday, the
fifth day of July; so that it took no more than three weeks in
all between its first beginning and its failure. Only three
weeks 1 But how much longer was it before the punishment
and the expiation wero concluded i Nay, are they even yet
concluded when thousands of innocent women and children
still go in poverty and mourning for the loss of those who
should have worked for them '(
In the morning my father preached to the soldiers on the
text (Joshua xxii. 22), “ The Lord God of Gods, the Lord God
of Gods, He knoweth, and Israel He shall know if it be in
rebellion or if in transgression against the Lord save us not
this day.”
And now the time was come when the last battle was to be
fought.
The Earl of Fcvcreliani, who had been at Somerton,
marched this day across Scdgeinoor, and encamped at Weston
Zoylaud, which is but five or six miles from Bridgwater.
Now it chanced that one William .Sparke, of Chcdzoy,
hearing of this advance, climbed the church tower, and, by aid
of a spying-glass, such as sailors use at sea, he discerned clearly
tho approach of the army and its halt at Weston. Being a
wellwisher to tho Duke, he sent one of his men, K ill HI nl
Godfrey by name, with orders to spy into and learn the
position aiid numbers of the Earl's army, and to carry his
information straightway to Bridgwater. This duty the fellow
promised, and most faithfully performed.
The Duke had already learned the approach of Lord
Feversham, and, being now weUnigh desperate with his con¬
tinued losses,- and seeing his army gradually wasting away,
with no fresh recruits, he had resolved upon not waiting to be
attacked, but on n retreat northwards, hoping to get across the
bridge at Keynsham, and so march into Shropshire and
Cheshire, where still he hoped to raise another army. But
(says he who hath helped me with this brief account of the
expedition) the retreat, which would havo been harassed by
Isird Fevcrshnm’s horse, woidd have turned into flight; the men
would have deserted in all directions; and when the remains
of the army arrived at Keynsham Bridge they would certainly
have found it occupied by*the Duke of Beaufort.
The carriages were already loaded in readiness for this
march ; it was to begin at nightfall; when tho arrival of tho
man Godfrey, and the news that he brought, caused the Duko
to change everything. For lie now perceived that such a
, chance was offeied him ns had never before occurred since his
landing: viz , a night surprise, and if he were fortunate, tho
rout of the King’s best troops.
It is said that had the Duke shown the same boldness in the
matter of Bristol that he showed in this night attack, lie
would have gained that city first and his own Cause next.
Nor did it appear nt all a desperate attempt, l'or though
Lord Feversham had 2500 men with him, horse and foot,
with sixteen field-pieces, the Duke had nearly 3000 foot
(counting those urined with pikes and scythes) and oOO
horse with foul' field-pieces, and though the King's troops
included many companies of Grenadiers, with a battalion of
that famous regiment the Coldstream Guards, and some
hundred horse of the King’s regiment and dragoons, the Duke
had with him at least 2000 men well armed and resolute, as
the event showed. Besides this, he had the advantage of the
surprise and confusion of a night attack. And, in addition,
the camp was not entrenched, the troopers had all gone to bed,
the foot-soldiers were drinking cider, and the officers were
reported to be all drunk.
Therefore, it was resolved that the intended flight into
Shropshire should be abandoned, and that the whole matter
should be brought to an issue that very night.
Had the attack succeeded, nil might yet have gone well
with the Duke. His enemies boasted that his row country lads
would be routed at the first charge of regular soldiers; if he
proved the contrary, those who had deserted him would have
returned; those who held aloof would join. It was not the
Cause which found men lukewarm; it was the doubt—and
nothing but the doubt—whether the Duke’s enterprise would
be supported. And I have never heard that any found might
but commendation of the boldness and spirit which brought
us the battle of Sedgcmoor.
All that day we spent in quiet meditation, in prayer, in the
rending of the Bible, and in godly discourses, and herein I
must commend the modesty as well ns the piety of Miss Susan
Blake, in that she invited my mother as her elder and the wife
of nil eminent minister to conduct the religious exercises,
though ns the hostess she might have demanded that privilege.
VVe stirred not abroad at all that day. The meeting-houses
which had been opened when the Duke marched in were now
closed again.
In the evening, while we sat together discoursing upon the
special mercies vouchsafed to the people of the Lord, a strange
thing happened. Nay, I do not say that news may not havo
reached Taunton already of the Duke’s intentions, and of the
position of the King’s forces. But this seems incredible, since
it was not known—except to the Council by whom it was
decided—till late in the afternoon, and it was not to be
thought that these would hurry to spread the news abroad,
and so ruin the whole affair. The window being open, then,
we could hear the voices of those who talked in the street
below. Now, there passed two men, and they were talking ns
they went. Said one—and these were the words we heard—
” I tell thee that the Duke will have no more to do than to
lock the stable doors, and so seize the troopers in their beds."
We all started and listened. The voice below repented,—
“ I say, Sir, and I have it first hand, that he hath but to
lock the stable doors and so seize all the troopers in their
beds."
Then they passed on their way.
Said my mother: “ My husband hath told me that not only
may the conscience be awakened by a word which seemeth
chance, but the future may be revealed by words which were
perhaps meant in another sense. What we have heard this
evening may be a foretelling of victory. My childnn, let us
prav, and so to bed.”
(To It Mnlinrisrf.)
The Cutlers’ Feast at Sheffield was held on Sept. (1. tho
Master Cutler presiding. Lord C. Beresford, M.P., in respond¬
ing for the Navy, urged the need of better organisation and
more ships. Among the other speakers were the Duke of
Rutland, Lord Ashbourne, and Sir Charles Tupper, who
referred at some length to the Fisheries question.
Daring the first eight months of this year 118,297 English,
2fi,972 Scotch, and 58,801 Irish emigrants left the kingdom, a
total of 201,070. Of these, 145,719 went to the United State-,
29,193 to British North America, and 19,359 to Australasia.
Last month the numbers were 19,504 English, 39110 Scotch, and
fill45 Irish ; of whom 21,537 went to the United States, 3840 to
British North America, and 3236 to Australasia.
A new life-boat, the gift of an anonymons donor, and
presented to the Ramsey Station, Isle of Man, by the Life-Boat
Institution, through the Manchester branch, in place of the
old boat presented twenty years ago, was publicly launched
on Sept. tl. The Bishop of Sodor and Man conducted a short
service, gave an address on the work of the institution, and
named the new boat—Mary Isabella—which was safely
launched. Subsequently, it was tested, and on being capsized
in the harbour it righted itself in two seconds. The old boat,
which has been instrumental in saving 116 lives, is to be
placed in the public park lake.
The lists of certificates granted by the Oxford and Cam¬
bridge Schools Examination Board show that for the higher
certificates there were 1115 candidates at the last examination,
of whom 40 girls were for letters only, and the results arrived
at were that 637 gained the higher certificates and 49 obtained
letters. Of those who have passed, 839 offered for Latin, 583
of whom passed, 33 with distinction : 783 offered in Greek,
590 of whom passed, 42 with distinction ; 554 offered in
French, 437 gaining certificates, 71 with distinction: 114
offered in German, 83 passing, 28 with distinction : 1053 offered
in elementary mathematics, of whom 736 passed : while 437
offered for additional mathematics, 233 passing, 54 with dis¬
tinction.
The marriage of Mr. IV. Arthur Wigram, son of tho late
31 r. W. Knox and the Hon. Mrs. Wigram, with Edith, second
daughter of Colonel the Hon. W. F. and Lady Emma Talbot,
was celebrated in Esher Church. Surrey, on Sept. 6. The
bride, who was given away by her father, was attended by six
bridesmaids—namely, Miss Helen Talbot, her sister ; Misses
Margaret and Madeline Wigram, sisters of the bride¬
groom ; Miss Agnes Bateman, Miss Florence Wigram, and
Miss L. Kerr. The jewels worn by the bride included
diamond stars, the gift of the Earl of Derby ; pearl and
diamond brooch, from her father; diamond flower, from
tho Earl and Countess of Lathom ; gold bracelet, set with
pearls, from the Countess of Derby ; gold and pearl bangle,
from the Countess of Crawford ; diamond bee from the
Hon. Mrs. Wilbraham; and diamond ring, from Lord and
Lady Stanley of Preston.
POSTACE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
SEPTEMBER 15, 1888.
Subscriber* will please tx> notice that copies of this week s number forwarded
abroad mast be prc|»ld according to the following mu* To Cnuadn,
United State* of America, and the whole of Euroiic, THICK Edition
Ttcoptnrt-half)wnni/; Thin Edition, One Penny. To Australia, Brazil,
Cape of frood Hope, China (vii United State* >, Jamaica, Mauritius, and
New Zealand, Thick Edition, Three jv nee; Thin Edition, One Penny.
To China (rlA Brindisi), India, and Juva, Thick Edition. Founxucc-
halhycnny; Thin Edition, Thrre-fial/uence. 1
Newspaper* for foreign parte mn*t be posted within eight davs of the
date of publication, Irrespective of the departure of tho nuiUs.
SKETCHES IN BARBA DOES.
Onr Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, who is roving “ Across
Two Oceans" for sketches of shores and islands of the West
Indies, of South America, Central America, and North America,
with the Pacific coast, and beyond tho farther Ocean to
Australia, used his pencil while at Barbadoes to delineate a few
scenes in the tidy little sngar-growing island, which havo been
engraved and kept in hand till now. In the way of com¬
ments on these subjects we might refer to Mr. Froutle and the
late Canon Kingsley, the authors of two interesting books on
the West Indies, which almost everybody may have read ; but
Sir. Melton Prior has written his own account of his observa¬
tions. After paying his respects to the Governor of Barbadoes,
Sir Charles Cameron Lees, who received him very kindly, remem¬
bering him as onr Artist in the Asbantee Expedition in 1873
and 1874, he was shown over Government House, and tho
grounds, which are full of trees and shrubs. Tho one most
interesting was the "cannon-ball tree,” which the late Lady
Brassey describes. There is another very curious tree in Iho
island, which is called the “ bearded fig-tree,” from the fact
that the branches throw out shoots, or creepers, resembling
long grizzly beards, and these on reaching the ground take
root, and in a very short time grow to a large size and form
props, or supports, to the tree itself. It seems an extra¬
ordinary provision of Nature, as the tree is very heavily over¬
weighted at the top, and would soon fall but for these props.
On leaving Government House, our Artist called on Colonel
Elliott, the head of the police, who kindly offered to drive
him round the island and show him all its beauties. Accord¬
ingly, early next morning, in company with Mr. Tufncll, the
vice-chairman of the Royal Mail Steam-packet Company, after
having partaken of breakfast, they started off in an American
buggy, with a pair of ponies, for what promised to bo a
delightful drive ; and so it turned out.
The whole of the island of Barbadoes is under cnltivation
of some kind ; and in times gone by, that of the sngar-enno
was the sole industry. Bnt Bince competition with the beet¬
root. the sugar-cane growers have scarcely realised enough
profit to pay for the necessary labour, and tho natives have
taken to growing coffee and cocoa. Sfr. Prior says:—One of
the things that struck me most was the immense amount of
vegetables that are raised in the island. Every kind is to be
seen under cnltivation — magnificent French beans, peas,
cabbages, spinach, and potatoes—not only for the supply of
the island, bnt for export in the West Indies ; and this. I was
told, gave the most profitable returns for the labour of tilling
the soil. Water, however, is very scarce : and at times not only
does everything dry np and wither, but the people are often
troubled for water for household use, and have to travel great
distances for the precious liquid, got from stagnant pools,
many of which we passed in our drive.
The ordinary work-people in the cultivation of the soil are
women, who are to be seen in every field hard at work, their
long flowing dress tncked up at the waist. Iu the cane or
vegetable field they have spade or hoe in hand, working in a
manner that should be a disgrace to the lazier sex.
In the parish of St. John’s the soil is reddish, and though
good of its kind, is not nt all deep, so that, little more than a
spade down, yon CQme to solid rock. Nevertheless, as we
approach the Bulkley sugar - mills, we see magnificent
mahogany and flambeaux trees lining the road and standing
in clumps, also the stately palms. There is the cabbage and
the cocoa palm. The spike at the top of the cabbage-palm,
which is in reality n new leaf coming ont, always points
towards tho East, whatever part of the island you are in, and
in all the West Indies. The stem of the cabbage-palm is quite
straight, while the cocoanut-pnlm is always bent.
Windmills abound throughout the island. Wc see natives
of all sizes and sexes carrying the sugar-cane to be crushed,
as in England the corn is ground by mill-owners for the small
growers.
We also pass by fields of com, not to bo confounded with
the well-known Indian com or maize ; it grows quite differ¬
ently. The head of it is a large clump of small seeds with
brown husks, the size of a split pea, each containing a little
ball of flonr.
The characteristic and universal white costume of the
female natives of Barbadoes is in striking contrast to the
brilliancy of colour in the Indian, Burmese, or Eastern native
generally ; in fact, what with the white roads and the white
dresses, the eye becomes qnite tired of white, and longs for
colour. The roads all over tho island are made of a rock or
stone that is quite soft when dug out, but which becomes very
hard after exposure to the air. The houses in the towns arc
built of this rock, and the older the house is, the harder is the
stone ; it very much resembles chalk when first dug out of
the quarry, but very soon becomes aB hard as granite.
Approaching the parish of Saint George's by the road on
high ground—we can almost imagine we are in Hampshire but
for the absence of the hedges—we now pass the residence of
Mr. Archibald Pyle, the Speaker of the House of Commons of
Barbadoes; and so English are the house and grounds
that once more we are reminded of old England. In the
distance are what appear like little country farmsteads
dotted all about, but on close inspection they turn out to
be sugar-cane crushing-mills, with the owners’ and labourers'
houses.
Still driving on through lanes of sugar-cane, which forms
the only hedges in the island, we pass the residence of M r.
Sealy, which is seven miles from town. Orchards abound,
and enormous quantities of shaddocks and tree fruits of all
kinds arc growing in them. Demerara people may well
boast of Georgetown in comparison with Bridgetown ; but the
country in Barbadoes is very charming, while that around
Georgetown consists simply of mud fiats.
IVe now arrive at St. John’s Church, and as wo descend
from the carriage, wc almost step on to a tombstone under the
porch, with an inscription recording the death of a young
married lady in 1666. There is a beautiful pulpit in this little
country church—made of different kinds of Barbadian woods,
exquisitely carved by native workmen. Close by this church,
and between ns and the sea, is a spring which supplies Bridge¬
town with water and which is conveyed over fifteen miles in
pipes.
Leaving tho chnrch we continue onr drive, and come tip
with women and donkey-carta laden with sugar-cane. Tho
women had been to some sugar estate and havo bought sugar¬
cane, which they retail in the town at a halfpenny a stick,
this being a very favonrite food or sweetmeat of the natives.
The sticks arc about four feet long; the leaves of tho sugar¬
cane arc collected and piled in ennrmons heaps and allowed to
rot, which is said to make the very finest manure. It is also
used when green as food for horses and cattle.
Very soon we come in sight of Biasex-hill Polici-s’aiion.
I only mention this from the fact that a curious custom is
observed here, and at all police-stations throughout the island.
Clocks are very scarce, and to enable the country folk to know
the time a black ball is run np at a quarter to nine ; at nine
o'clock precisely, a signal is given from the head police-office
in Bridgetown, and the black balls drop all over the country,
and children may then be seen running to school.
SEPT. 15, 1-888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
818
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.office
Mitry,
Australian Cur and Suburban Investment and Banking Company,
LIMITED.
REGISTERED UNDER “TELE COMPANIES’ STATUTE, 1864/’
CAPITAL £5,000,000, IN 2,500,000 SHARES OF £2 EACH.
First Issue: 1,400,000 Shares, of which 900.000 are Issued Paid Up to £ 1 , in Part Payment of Purchase Money, and 500.000 Shares are now Issued for
Subscription, Payable—5s. on Application; 5s. on Allotment; 5s. at Three Months; 5s. at Six Months.
The various Instalments of Shares may be Paid under Discount at the Rate of Six Per Cent per Annum.
Directors:
THE HON. ALFRED DEAKIN, M.P., Chairman. I ORLANDO FENWICK, Esq., J.P.
THE HON. JAMES BELL, M.L.C. I J. M‘A. HOWDEN, Esq.
G. W. TAYLOR, Esq., J.P., will join the Board after Allotment.
POWER IS TAKEN TO APPOINT A DIRECTORATE IN LONDON.
General Manager: FREDERICK PALMER, Esq.
Bankers:
COMMERCIAL BANK OF AUSTRALIA, LIMITED.
NATIONAL BANK OF AUSTRALASIA.
Registered Offices: No. 20, COLLINS - STREET WEST.
Solicitors: MESSRS. FINK, BEST, and P. D. PHILLIPS.
Brokers:
THE MERCANTILE, FINANCE, TRUSTEES, AND AGENCY COMPANY OF AUSTRALIA,
LIMITED, 40, ELIZABETH - STREET.
THIS COMPANY is formed to acquire from G. W. TAYLOR, ESQ.,
tlie extensive properties set out in the Schedule hereafter appearing, and comprising
the magnificent area of 35,024 Acres, OH THEREABOUTS, and to carry on the
business of a PROPERTY, FINANCE and BANKING COMPANY, as empowered
by its Memorandum of Association annexed.
LAND INVESTMENT is known in all countries to be the most assured and
permanent of all investments, and property secured within a reasonable radius from
any great centre, and possessing facilities for easy communication, must always
command an adequate return. In connection with the commercial metropolis of
Australia this must always be so. This continent has now a limited but ever-
increasing population, but it has few places marked out by Nature for great centres.
Melbourne, by its position, climate, and other natural advantages, occupies the
prominent place, and is so situated that it must grow with the growth of the country
and commonwealth. Consequently any institution based upon landed property,
possessing the above characteristics, must participate in the steady advancement
which necessarily follows the increase of population and growth of the nation.
Unlike other INVESTMENT and FINANCE COMPANIES, this one begins
operations under more than ordinarily favourable auspices through having already
secured the Properties referred to.
THE PROPERTIES have been specially selected wiO,i regard to the future
development of favoured districts upon a comprehensive scale, and combine in one
company the advantages arising from large interests in various localities.
Situated in the leading progressive suburban districts, large interests are held
along the sea coast from BRIGHTON to MORDIALLOC—in the east in CAUL¬
FIELD, GLEN IRIS, OAKLF.IGH, and the surrounding neighbourhood; in the
north-east PRESTON is well represented; in the north ESSEN DON, PASCOE
VALE, and the adjacent country commands a leading place. Valuable nrens are
also held in LILLYDALE, DANDENONG, BERWICK, BACCHUS MARSH, and
other advancing neighbourhoods within easy distance from the metropolis. On the
whole, there is such a variety and selection that has. perhaps, never before been
attained.
Under one administration, every want can be supplied—SEASIDE RESORTS,
SUBURBAN and COUNTRY RESIDENCES may be obtained upon reasonable
terms—ample powers being taken for granting special facilities to those acquiring any
portion of the company’s property, and giving them every advantage in connection
with their improvements.
In the Articles of Association full powers are taken to carry on the business of a
PROPERTY, MORTGAGE, and LAND BANK, in addition to providing for all
requirements in connection with the development, improvement, and gradual disposal
of this great Estate.
The organisation of this Company for business is complete, and no delay will take
place in its beginning its operations. For its obligations in connection with these
purchases, COMPLETE FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS have been made.
THIS COMPANY is launched under exceptional circumstances through the very
large interest which Mr. Taylor retains in it. In addition to retaining so large an
interest THE VENDOR GUARANTEES A DIVIDEND OF EIGHT PER CENT
PER ANNUM FOR THREE YEARS, lodging with the Company 250,000 Shares
as security.
THE POSSIBILITIES of this Company may oe measured by the operations of
existing LAND and PROPERTY INVESTMENT COMPANIES upon a more
limited scale, which have been highly successful, as indicated by the following
schedule of the leading institutions :—
1
Name.
1
Paid up
Value
of
Share.
Market
Price.
Last
Dividend, j
per Lent i
per Annum.
| Australian Property and Investment
j Company .
£ s. d.
5 0 0
£ s. d.
117 6
I
Colonial Investment and Agency Com-
P“ny .
10 0
2 16 6
25
. Freehold Investment and Banking
! Company -
3 0 0
15 7 6
23
General Land Company ...
5 0 0
12 10 0
3(1
i Henrv Arnold Company
5 0 0
14 0 0
15
j Real Estate Bank ....
2 10 0
8 10 0
50
! Victorian Land Company - - -
0 10 0
2 0 0
1
THE WHOLE OF THESE PROPERTIES, which have been valued by Messrs.
FRASER and COMPANY, LIMITED, and Messrs. GEMMELL, TUCKETT and
COMPANY, as per copy valuation annexed, which amounts to £4,524,416 Is. Id. :i.s
security, have been secured for the sum of £3,850,000.
THE DIRECTORS HAVE FURTHER ARRANGED THAT THE SUM OF
£500,000 SHALL BE RETAINED BY THE COMPANY out of the purchase
money, which shall constitute a RESERVE for the benefit of all the Shareholders.
This AMOUNT may be applied by the Directors in FURTHERANCE OF T11E
COMPANY’S OBJECTS.
A SPECIAL APPROPRIATION is made by the vendor of £50,000 for the
construction of either RAILWAYS OR TRAMWAYS through or adjacent to the
properties of the Company which may, by this means, in the opinion of the manage¬
ment be best advanced.
THESE SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS to RESERVE AND FOR RAILWAY
PURPOSES make a TOTAL of £550,000. The company thus starts at once with
a LARGE RESERVE, in addition to the large deduction from the VALUATIONS
OF TWO OF THE LEADING VALUATORS, whose certificates are attached,
and upon unequalled conditions as to its future operations.
THERE ARE NO PREFERENTIAL OR FULLY PAID UP SHARES,
AND THE VENDOR PAYS ALL CHARGES EXCEPTING USCAL
BROKERAGE AND LEGAL EXPENSES.
It is proposed at a later stage to offer an issue of shares upon the London market,
and power is taken to establish a London directorate, as well as machinery for the
investment of British capital in the business of the Company. Mr. G. W. Taylor is
going to London shortly, and his services will be utilised there to the best advantage.
Detail Plans of the Properties and Memorandum and Articles of Association of
the Company may be inspected at the offices of the Company, No. 20, Collins-stua t
West, where all additional information will be supplied.
Prospectuses and forms of application may be obtained from the brokers, or from
| any members of the stock exchanges of Melbourne.
VALUATORS’ CERTIFICATE.
We have carefully inspected the whole of the properties contained in this
schedule, and declare the marketable value to be the amount set opposite each
respectively, and making a total of four millions five hundred and tweniy-
four thousand four hundred and sixteen pounds one shilling and fourpuire;
(£4,524,416 Is. 4d.). (Signed) FRASER AND CO., LIMITED.
(Win. Lamb Smith, Managing Director.
Melbourne, 29th June, 1888. (Signed) GEMMELL, TUCKETT, and CO.
SK» *-
•v«'A.
314.— THE ILLUSTRATED LOND'tS'
THE GOVERNOR OF VICTORIA, SIB fl.
FROM A. SKETCH BY OUB SPECIAL tj ns ^
OPENING OF THE MELBOURNE EXHIBITION
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I ABTIST, ME. MELTON PEIOE.
31G
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT.
, 1888
NOVELS.
Err. By the Author of “John Herring," “Mehalah," Lc.,
Two vols. (Chatto and Windna).—The harsh drawing of cha¬
racters, and the grotesque fatalism of the plot, in some of this
author’s stories, affect us like an uncomfortable dream. He
has a forcible grasp of strange situations, and works out the
predestined course of errors and consequent sufferings with
relentless energy ; but there is no harmony in his lights and
shadows, ns of open daylight; it is a phantasmagoria of violent
action, of implacable conflict, unrelieved by the softening
influence* that temper human life. A quaint company of
persons more or less related to each other by ties of kindred is
here presented. There is not one “Eve," but three, of suc¬
cessive generations, thongh only the youngest is living. Her
grandmother, the first Eve, was a strolling actress, whose
beauty, when she danced in Totnes Marketplace, fascinated
Ezekiel Babb, the woollen-manufacturer of Buckfastleigh.
Having boon taken by him to wife, she ran away from him,
leaving her child, the second Eve, who ran away from her fat her
seventeen years later to become an actress in her turn. This
second Eve, while travelling with the theatrical company, fell
sick on the road between Launceston and Plymouth, and was
left in the bouse of Mr. Ignatius Jordan, a retired, studions.
helpless widower, occupying Morwell Lodge, on the banks of
the Tamar. She remained with him, though not legally
married, giving birth to the third Eve, whom we find a pretty,
silly, childish girl, with an “artistic temperament," fond of
gay dressing, of ransic and dancing, and eager to go to town
and to see theatres, or even to figure on the stage. The vein
of such frivolity and vanity, running through all these three
Eves, is extremely obnoxious both to old Ezekiel Iiabh, a hard
miser and a fanatical Calvinist, and to Mr. Jordan, an austere
Roman Catholic, devoted to rustic seclusion, and
of a gloomy, dismal temper. Eve the second,
whom he had treated as a wife, having privately
exchanged with her some religious vow of
mutual fidelity in a ruined ancient chapel,
suddenly disappears just at the beginning of
tjiis story. He allows it to he supposed that she
has, like Eve the first, eloped from her home
with an actor ; but the truth is that he hns
shot her dead, in a fit of jealousy ; and we sec
him first, an hour after, cleaning his gun, which
he lays down across the cradle of her babe, the
innocent and unconscious Eve the third. Just
then, old Babb comes in, to ask what has become
of his daughter; and Mr. Jordan lends him
fifteen hundred pounds, without security, to buy
some fields, on a Imre promise of repayment
after seventeen years. This money is intended
for the dowry of the infant Eve, No, 3, who
grows up in Mr. Jordan’s melancholy old bouse,
tenderly cared for by her elder half-sister
Barbara, ft wise, brave, and steadfast young
person. Now the “dramatis persona?" are re¬
inforced by throe new characters, arriving by
the lonely rood over Dartmoor, and introduced
to fchoso two yonng ladies by the stumbling of
a horse, which consigns a yonng man, grievously
hurt, to Miss Jordan's nursing care. These
three brothers. Jasper, Martiu, and Watt, are
Miss Eve’s uncles, little as she knows it: for
they are the sons of old Ezekiel Babb and of Eve
the first. The unfortnnate second Eve was their
sister; but it is some time before even Mr.
Jordan knows who they are. for Buckfastleigh is
distant, and he never had much correspondence
with old Mr. Babb. The trio is oddly assorted ;
Jasper is good, unselfish, and discreet; Martin
is a handsome rascal, who lias robbed his father
of the £1300 put by to repay Mr. Jordan’s loan,
has been prosecuted for the theft and sent to
penal servitude, hut has escaped from Prince’s
Town prison ; Watt is a Flibbert-i’-gibbct, ami
an elfin imp, one of those ngly dwarfs known in
romantic fiction who lurk among trees and
caves, hooting like owls, and pop ont to frighten
the girls by making faces and uttering hideous
threats. But he plays the fiddle, and can talk
of the Italian opera ; he adores Martin, who is
an eloqnont tragedian and has fine eyes and an
aquiliii'* nose ; while Jasper, who is also musical,
assists Watt in contriving Martin's ikcijh; from
prison. Jasper does more; the convict’s prison
dresj being left at Morwell, while Jasper is
lying there with a broken head, he tells Miss
Jordan that it belongs to him. in order to divert
pursuit from his brother Martin. .Some novelists
do not perceive that deceit is not the less im¬
moral when an innocent person takes on him¬
self the reproach of crime in order to screen
the guilty. Miss Jordan, hating and dreading
Jasper at first, will not betray his secret, and cannot
therefore prevent her father engaging him ns confidential
steward. Eve. who has not an ounce of heart or brains, soon runs
wild, to the distress of her father and sister, puts on a stage-
dancer’s fancy costume, which had been left by her mother,
and skips about to the sound of her tambourine. She can sing
all the airs in Mozart’s “ Don Giovanni ” and Weber’s “ Pre-
ciosa.” and is mad for the opera ; worse than all. she secretly
meets the unprincipled Martin, who does not know that she
is his niece, and who persuades her to elope with him. An
attempt is made to bind her in matrimonial captivity to Mr.
Coyshe, the country doctor, who is a conceited professional
braggart and sordid fortune-hunter, but this proposal is a
failure. The prison warders, police, and parish constables,
summoned by Mr. Jordan, presently surrounding the house,
soize Martin and look him up ; but they arc made drank, one
regrets to see, by the oonnivance of the virtuous Barbara, who
is mw in love with Jasper, and Martin gets away by a hole in
the roof. Mr. Jordan, who has accidentally wounded himself
with a scythe, stealthily arises, loads his fatal old gnu, and
crawls to a rock overhanging the Tamar, in pnrsnit of Martin
and Eve. Ho shoot* Martin, who grasps Eve and fnlls over
the precipice with her. Poople oome to look after them ;
Watt is killed in descending the rooks; Mr. Jordan dies on
the spot, after confessing his murder of Eve the second ; but
Eve the third is saved alive, though doomed to be a hopeless
cripple. Jasper and Barbara marry, a short time afterwards,
the family onrse having spent its fnry, and Morwell bcoomcs
a home of peace, with another baby in it, bearing still the
name of “ Eve."
The Arndrmieian. By Henry Erroll, Author of “An Ugly
Duckling." Three vols. (R. Bentley and Son).—That extremo
moral depravity, of a base and sordid quality, is compatible
wit h the fine wsthetic perception, the creative imagination, and
the consummate technical skill of a great artist, will scarcely
b • denied. The wicked lives of several of the famous Itilian
painters and sculptors of the Renaissance peried were con¬
spicuous even amidst the almost unequalled general immorality
of their ago and country. Io portraying the character of an
imaginary villain, standing high in the ranks of modern
English artists, and enthusiastically devoted to the successful
practice of his noble profession, the clever author of this story
has undertaken a naturally painful subject. Yet we cannot
say that it is an absolute outrage to conceive of such a man ns
Srephen Baring, an eminent member of the Royal Academy in
London of the present day.lieing not merely a vicious egotist, a
cunning hypocrite .and dissembler, addicted to coarse and vile
habits of secret profligacy, but a greedy miser, a domestic
tyrant, and capable of intending the most heinous crimes. It
is hut too true that the talent for no professional career,
not the holiest and most exalted in public esteem, is a
positive security against private vice in its unfaithful
possessor. The gallant soldier, the eloqncnt and sagacious
statesman, the scientific physician, the seeming saintly
priest, the scholar, the philosopher, may possibly be one
of the meanest of mankind. .Such a deplorable example is
*• the Academician ’’ of this rather unpleasant fiction, which
has a plot contrived with much strength of grasp, and not
deficient in romantic interest, but in which the really attrac¬
tive characters are those of women, represented as struggling
against the selfishness and injustice of men. “ Henry Errol "
must be a lady writer, though she affects a knowledge of male
dissipation which many novelists of the more refined sex would
prefer to disavow. The plot is not too complicated for summary
recapitulation. Mabel Moore, a noble-minded young person
with aspirations to the study and mission of Art, living in the
house of her stepfather and her mother. Mr. and Mrs. Chesham,
lias a friend, Constance Durant, an orphan heiress of £20,000,
a pretty, childish, innocent girl, who becomes the wife and
victim of Mr. Baring, R.A., a man nearly old enough to be her
father. As there is no marriage settlement, and nothing is
knowuof the Married Women’s Property Act, Mr. Baring takes
NEW LIHHAHY
every shilling of her money, and keeps his wretched, squalid
household under the cntrol of n grim old aunt in the dirty
kitchen, who grudges cold mutton or red herring, or a tallow
candle for the bed-room, to the unhappy young wife. No society
oramnsement is allowed her. and she finds herself a starved,
penniless, neglected prisoner in her husband’s home, a fine town
mansion which hehas built, with a grand studio and show-rooms
containing artistic adornments, splendid hangings, and rare
old-fashioned carved-oak furniture, merely to attract cus¬
tomers for his paintings. It might be objected to the likeli¬
hood of this manner of living, that a very shrewd London
artist, eager to win fame and fortune, would see the advantage
of a handsome employment of the large additional income
brought to him by this marriage, and of the charming
presence of his wife ; he wonld furnish the drawing-room for
her, give nice dinners, attend to dress, invite fashionable
company, and practise the social arts of pleasing which help
towards professional success. Mr. Baring, however, sticking
to his former tastes and habits as a rude “ Bohemian ’’ and a
grnbby old bachelor, content for his own part with a ragged
coat, a scrap of any cheap food, a pipe of tohacoo, and a glass
of whisky-and^water, denies Constance everything of comfort
or elegance to which she has been used. We do not think a
man of his worldly ambition would adopt such a oonrse,
under the circumstances, however selfish, crnel. and avaricious
he might lie ; and, though ho has no love for his wife, he is
very anxious to avoid scandal when Bhe attempts to run
away from him. Presently, wishing to get rid of her,
bnt afraid to commit a murder, he engages as her lady’s
maid a person named Mary Reid, a cast-off mistress of
his youth, who conspires with him. while they are in
Paris, to carry her to London and shut her np in strict
confinement, under the threat of being put in a lunatic
asylnm, wheu he gives ont that she has died of cholera
and is bnried in the cemetery of Pdre La Chaise. On his
return to London, this artful monster of the Royal Academy
makes love to Mabel Moore, whose face he admires and whose
companionship wonld be serviceable in his professional busi¬
ness. She regards Baring with worshipping reverence, ns she
does not believe that he has ever treated Constance unkindly ;
but a previous attachment to Hubert Durant, the brother of
Constance, prevents her accepting Baring’s offer of marriage.
It is an amazing notion that a man in Baring's position should
propose to run the risk of bigamy while his lawful wife,
whom everybody had known, was in London forcibly detained
by his accomplice in a private dwelling. The sit nation could
not last long, in any case ; Mary Reid, in a secret conference?
with Baring, declines or evades a suggestion that she should
contrive the death of Constance ; bnt that unfortunate young
lady becomes very ill, and a medical man is called in, who
happens to Ik? her own cousin, Dr. Harry Lockyer. Her
brother Hubert’s suspicions have already been aroused, and
with the aid of a French colleagne, Victor Bartheleray, in¬
quiries are being made which tend to disprove BaringVstory
of her death in Paris. She is now released, bnt in a dying
condition, from the clutches of Mary Reid, and Baring’s
wickedness is exposed, though his punishment is described no
farther than Mabel’s showing him, with silent anger, the dead
body of his betrayed and almost murdered wife. The relations
between Mabel and Hubert are of secondary importance ; but
it may be observed that Hubert, being also an artist, has
fallen into disgrace with Mabel by abusing his talents, at
the Frenchman’s instigation, in producing sensational pictures
of a bad and corrupt style ; and thnt he is not forgiven until
after some time and due repentance of his fault. In the
Chesham family there is a husband whose pompons egotism
and valetudinarian caprices, obsequiously served by a timid
wife, are humorously portrayed ; so that the halanceof merits as
between the two sexes is vastly against the men, and in favour
of the women, except Mary Reid, in the summing np of this
remarkable novel. In its predecessor, “The Ugly Duckling,’’
we judged it to be all the other way.
The Myxtmj of Athdalr. By Edith Heraud.
One vol. (Digby and Long).—The daughter of
that well-known literary veteran, the late Mr.
J. A. Heraud, poet, critic, and philosopher. Miss
Heraud has earned for herself a share of public
esteem in dramatic and literary circles, predis¬
posing some readers to a favourable reception of
this short story. Its theme, if not quite now,
being the concealed existence of a lady dwelling
in the shut-np apartments of a large country-
house, and by rumoured occasional glimpses of
her presence giving rise to a belief thnt the
mansion is haunted by a ghost, lias been skill¬
fully treated by the authoress, and is combined
with the incident of a blind girl recognising by
his voice the man who killed her father some
years before. Mrs. Sedley, whose ghost was long
supposed to abide in the rooms that she had in¬
habited in her lifetime, was the victim of falso
snspicionsof infidelity to her husband,the Squire
of Askdale. She died iu childbirth, after being
expelled from his house; hut her child, a
daughter, was reared in secret by Mrs. Grantley,
the housekeeper, who brought her up in those
rooms, Mr. Sedley being kept ignorant of the fact.
The blind girl. Agatha, niece of the wife of a
neighbouring innkeeper, constantly visited Mrs.
Grantley, and was tlie hidden young lady's com¬
panion. Agatha was with her father, Paul
Lemicre, when he was carrying a sum of money
from the hank, and when he was knocked down
hv one of two robber* on a lonely road. Hear¬
ing again the murderer’s voice, ns a stranger
calls at the inn. she tracks him to a cottage,
where he. one Robert Landon, with his accom¬
plice. is devising a new villainy. This Landon,
formerly steward to Mr. Sedley, and cousin to
Mrs. Kedley, against whom ho had then in¬
trigued. being now aware of the existence of the
daughter, and having the means of proving her
legitimacy, designs to carry her otf that he may
extort ransom. How the plot is battled, how the
family mystery is revealed, how the Squire owns
Irs daughter, how Agatha's eyesight is restored
by a surgical operation, and what happy
marriages are promised in conclusion, let Miss
I Jem ml tell in her own wav. The reader will
find in this tale rather interesting oo< upition
for a couple of hours.
PROGRESS oi’ THE PEOPLE’S
PALACE.
Perhaps the lamented Prince, the late Duke of
Albany, was right in saying that “the greatness
of a nation must be measured, not alone by its
wealth and apparent power, but by the degree
iu which its people have lonrnod together, iu the
great world of hooks, of art. and ot nature, pure
and ennobling joys." If this he true, the
establishment of the People’s Palace in East London was a
greater national benefit than the annexation of a new province
to the British Empire. No territorial conquest in our times
has been immediately followed by such ready and glad accept¬
ance on the part of a vast population, ns this social conquest
of frank goodwill and liberal assistance, of wise design, com¬
prehensive knowledge, and diligent administration—above all,
of genuine human sympathy—by which Sir Ednmnd Hay
Currie and his colleagues of the Beaumont trust have won the
hearts, and are effectually improving the minds, of myriads of
the working classes. Three hundred thousand visitors, each
paying twopence in the day-time or one penny in the evening,
have within six weeks come to see the exhibition of paintings,
opened early in August by the Duchess of Albany, which was
closed on Sept. IT.: an Exhibition which any lover of modern
Art would think it worth while to see, comprising fifteen of
the works of Mr. G. F. Watts. R.A., and others by Sir J. E.
Millais, It,A., Mr. Alma Tadema, U.A., Mr. W. B. Richmond,
A.R.A.. the late Mr. Poole. ll.A., Mr. Fned. R.A., Mr. Calderon,
It.A.. Mr. II. Moore, A.R.A., Mr. MoWhirter, R.A., Miss Clara
Montalba, and many more artists of recognised merit. Tho
Catalogue itself, with its admirably written copious notes,
giving oloar, exact, and impressive explanations of the subject
of every picture, is delightful and instructive reading ; and
it proves thnt the managers of this exhibition have taken
more thought and pains than was ever done before to aid
the understanding of such works. In so doing, they
have paid a high and deserved compliment to tho serious
intelligence of English men and women of the working
classes, who wonld not be content, like too many ignorant
visitors to the Royal Academy and other fashionable exhibitions, •
with the mere pleasure of the eye.
This exhibition was placed in the Queen's Hall and in the
New Library : we have now to speak of tho latter building,
which was completed and opened a few months ago. The
Qneen’s Hall—or tho Hall of Queens, adorned os it is with the
statues of twenty-two Queens famous in the world's history—
is already known to be one of the finest hulls in London,
unsurpassed at least in tho completeness of its decorations.
J.
SEPT. 15. 1888
THE ILLTTSTKATED LONDON NEWS
317
Its magnificence was worthy of a hall in which Queen Victoria
met her people on the day of its opening ; but it was the
idea of the founders of the People s Palace, though building in
Whitechapel,that nothing could be too good for the people;
and when that splendid hall is filled, as it often is. with
an audience of 5000 persons, men, women, and cbildreu, intently
listening to fine music—if it be only that of the organ, admir¬
ably played by blind Mr. Hollins, a pupil of the Norwood
School for the Blind—no one can deny that it is occupied for a
worthy purpose. The collection of books, numbering at present
about 20,000 volumes, has been removed from the Queen’s Hall
into the New Library built at the rear, tho interior of which is
shown in our Illustration. It is octagonal in shape, 75 ft. leng
and broad, and 52 ft. high from floor to roof; the design is
singularly elegant and agreeable, doing much credit to tho
architect, Mr. E. It. Robson, of Palacc-chambers, Bridge-
street, Westminster, who was also the architect of the
Queen's Hall and the other buildings of the People’s
Palace. For practical uso ns a Public Library, it is planned
like the Reading-room of the British Museum; bub news¬
papers, reviews, and magazines are laid on its tables; while
the dispensation of books, from an enclosing counter in
the centre, is managed by 3 ’oung ladies, under the direction of
Miss Black. Below the Library, there will be another reading-
room of equal extent, and there will be a smaller reading-room
at the side. If the pictures, the sculpture, and the music arc
appreciated by the visitors to the People’s Palace, as we have
seen, not less freely and constantly do they avail themselves of
the Library and Reading-room. Hundreds come to read in the
evenings; and on Sunday, when of course there is no charge
for admission, there will be 1400 or 1500 in the morning, and
twice or thrice as many in the evening, to look at the pictures,
to hear the organ, or to read ; and by far the greater part of
these are genuine working men.
Such is tho provision for intellectual entertainment, apart
from direct teaching, at the People’s Palace ; but there is a
great deal more, a great variety of rational and wholesome
recreations, through the association of members in ‘‘ the Palace
Institute,” and in their different 14 clubs,” the chess and draughts
playing club, tho debating society, the choral society, the
orchestral and military bands, the Art Society and the sketch¬
ing club, the literary club, the dramatic club, the photo¬
graphic society, and the Girls’ Social Club ; not to mention the
cricket, lawn-tennis, football, swimming, Harriers’, Ramblers’,
cyclists’, billiard-players’, gymnastic, boxing, and other clubs ;
each of which clubs is managed by its own members without
interference. The gymnasium, under an excellent teacher, is
doing much for fie physical and athletic training of boys and
men ; and there is a separate gymnasium for women or girls.
The swimming-bath, 00 ft. long, the gift of Lord Rosebery, is
one of the best in London, and the cheapest in England
artificially provided ; the water is chauged daily, and the floor
and sides of the bath scrubbed, as is scarcely done in any other
for public use.
■ We have not yet told half what there is in this marvellous
People s Palace, aud must defer some account of the depart¬
ment of direct instruction, which might be styled the People’s
Palace College; the Technical and Handicraft Schools, en¬
dowed by the Drapers’ Company of London, already attended
by four hundred pupils; the Science classes, the Art and
Design classes, the laboratories for chemistry and electricity,
the engineers’, carpenters’, smiths', and metal-workers’ shops,
the music classes, the grammar, writing, arithmetic, French,
and German classes, and the classes for girl9. in needlework,
dress-making, millinery, and cookery. The eastern wing, with
upper floors and corridors, is approaching completion, at the
cost of the Drapers’ Company, and will be opened some time in
October. During the summer months the People's Palace and
its rather extensive grou nds—which will ul tiraa tely be eon verted
into a pLcasaut garden—with the gymnasium and several
large temporary buildings, have been the scene of a daily and
nightly festival, attracting several hundred thousand visitors,
whole families coming together. In one building, 200 ft. long,
beautiful plants and flowers were arranged on both sides,
forming a delightful promenade ; and here, at Christmas,
will be a wondrous imitation of an ice-cave, with a Santa
Claus bestowing pretty gifts on all children good or naughty.
The spacious gymnasium, with an orchestra at one side,
became a promenade concert-hall, illuminated at night by
variegated Chinese lanterns. A steam inerry-go-io uid. with
beautiful horses to ride, to the sound of steam-
organ music, afforded great delight to the youngsters.
The People's Palace has witnessed continual oppor¬
tunities of enjoyment for several months past, and
at a price within reach of the poorest of the labour¬
ing classes.
IMPERIAL BRITISH EAST AFRICA COMPANY.
The Gazette publishes the charter granted to the
Imperial British East Africa Company, upon a peti¬
tion to her Majesty in Council. The charter is
granted to Mr. William Mnckinnon. Lord Brassev.
General Sir Donald Stewart, Sir John Kirk, Mr.
Burdett-Coutts, M.P., Mr. Robert Palmer Harding,
and Mr. George Sutherland Mackenzie, the peti¬
tioners. The objects of the petitioners were ant
forth to be the promotion of trade, commerce, and
good government in the territories and regions com¬
prised in certain concessions to and treaties with the
British East Africa Association by the Sultan of
Zanzibar and sundry chiefs and tribes. The charter
binds the Company to remain British in character
and domicile, and to have its principal office in Great
Britain, its principal representative* in East Africa,
aud all the directors being British subjects, and to
discourage the slave trade and slavery. Any differ¬
ence between the Company and the Sultan of
Zanzibar, chiefs, or tribes, is to be submitted to the
Secretary of State for decision.
OLD MEETING-HOUSE AT LAMBETH :
BU NY AN’S PULPIT.
The quaint old building of which we give an Illustration,
and which has just been pulled down, stood in Lambeth-road,
opposite St. Mary’s Church. It was doubtless the remains of
what mast at one time have been a famous hostelry. In the
courtyard of this old inn 44 Lambeth Fayre ” wa9 held ; and
the immediate neighbourhood has associations of much .his¬
torical interest. No doubt the old building 6tood there in
1641, when the London apprentices attacked Lambeth Palace
opposite and tried to capture Archbishop Laud. Close to this
old building, too, Mary of Modena, Queen of Janies II., rested
in 1688, when she fled from the palace on the other side
of the river, disguised as an Italian washerwoman, with
her infant son in her arms. Daring a long period the
upper room of this old building was a Nonconformist
meeting - place, and in comparatively recent years it was
the scene of much useful and unselfish labour. For many
years this old * 4 meeting - room ” contained the pulpit of
John Bunyan. This pulpit had been removed from the old
Nonconformist meeting-house in Zoar-street. Southwark, where
Bunyan used to go when he visited London, and where he was
allowed to deliver his discourses, by favour of his friend,
Dr. Thomas Barlow, Bishop of Lincoln, to whom the old
Southwark house belonged. It is not known what has become
of this old pulpit.
Mr. "Watts. of Messrs. Doulton and Watts, founded here a
ragged school, which was frequently taught by Mr. W. R.
Selway. now a prominent member of the Metropolitan Board
of Works. Here Mrs. Carlile. the founder of the 44 Band of
Hope ” movement, taught a class of children, and the room
might almost be called the birthplace of the Temperance
movement on the Surrey side, as it was the scene of the labours
of Meredith, Ilowlett, and other pioneers of Teetotalism. John
Mountford. one of the most zealous followers of the Rev.
Rowland Hill, held together a congregation in this old building
until his death at an advanced age. Recently the old building
was a coffee-shop, aud a coffee tavern will be erected on the site.
The Dean and Chapter are about to restore the Chapter
House of Lincoln Cathedral, at a cost of at least £7060.
According to the Board of Trade Returns, the value of the
exports of British and Irish produce during August exceeded
OPIUM-SMOKING.
The Colonial Surgeon of Hong-Kong, in the course I
of liis report for the past year, refers to the subject I
of opium-smoking, and especially to the consequence s I
to confirmed smokers of being deprived of the pi] e I
while in jail. He says the experience obtained in I
the Hong-Kong Jail Is that the habit of opium¬
smoking is far less deleterious than spirit-drinking. I
Old confirmed smokers were found to have preserved I
good appetite and healthy digestion, and it was
further found that the suffering attendant on the
deprivation of opium, which is not allowed to anyone in the
prison, was not more than in the case of a tobacco-smoker
^pnved of his pipe. There was no evidence of suffering from
the deprivation, though opium in any form is carefully ex¬
cluded, and, though they are subject to exactly the Bame diet
2* a “ other prisoners, they remain of the average weight.
’ Opium-smoking, held forth as the Chinaman's greatest vice,
w certainly not to be compared in its evil effects with the
European vice of spirit-drinking, a habit to which the Chinese,
as a nation, arc not given.”
OLD MEETING-ilOCSK AT LAMBETH, LATELY DEMOLISHED.
by £1,390,460 those of the corresponding period of last year,
the increase for the first eight months of the year being
£11,362,208. The imports for the month show an augmenta¬
tion of £307,120, and for the eight months of £13,020,743.
• 4 Lays and Lyrics,” by Clement Scott, is a recent addition to
the monthly volumes of prose and verse forming Messrs.
Routledge’s Pocket Library. It contains many pieces which
charmed at their first appearance in print, delighted still more
when appropriately recited, as they frequently were, and which
will be the source of further delight at many a recital.
TOURISTS IN RUSSIA.
(By our Paris Corrtspondrnt.')
As I was sitting in the reading-room of the ndtel de l’Europo
at St. Petersburg, a few weeks ago, smoking miserable Russian
cigarettes, and resting from the fatigue of the dreary journey
from Berlin, my attention was attracted by an American voice
speaking words from Murray’s “ Hand-book for Russia.”
“ Moscow,” said the voice, 4 * is spread over a circumference of
about twenty-five miles, its greatest length, from south-west to
north-east, being nine miles, and its maximum bread Lb, from
cast to west, about six miles.”
“ Twenty-five miles ! Great Scott! Wc shall want a week
to see Moscow, then ! ”
‘•The profusion of churches and chapels—neatly four
hundred in number ’’—resumed the voice of the reader.
44 Four hundred churches, George ! I ’m sick of churches! ”
struck iu a feminine voice. “I only wish I could find a
decent candy store in this city ! ”
*• Well, if you did find one you wouldn’t know wlir.t to ask
for, Jane ; so you may as well help us to lay out this Moscow
trip.”
“ You can see Moscow in two days easily,” piped a sharp¬
faced American from another comer of the room, taking pity
on his countrymen, who were poring over the guide-book. *• I
have just come back from there. Very little to sec. Best
hotel is Dussaux, where they speak English, and take Cook's
coupons."
“ Did you get any buckwheat cakes there ? ”
44 'ihereaint no buckwheat cakes in all Moscow.” was the
reply ; “and if you ask me my real opinion, I ’ll tell you that
Moscow and Russia is no country for a white man ; and I ’in
just going to take the express to-night, and I won’t get off
them cars till I am on the other side of the frontier, out of
their blessed bird-cage.” .
44 Have you not had a good time in Russia ! ”
44 Can’t have no good times when you can’t read oven tho
names of the stations,” was the peevish reply. 44 Have to have
chump-headed guides attached to one’s person all tho time.
No ; 1 tell you I ’in sick o’ Russia, and I have not bad a single
cocktail since I left Berlin three weekj ago. This is no country
for a white man.”
“ Have yon got your passport visad ? ”
44 Yes. Had to wait over a day to got that done. The
officials are in no hurry here. Wliat a system ! My passport
is quite spoilt with their stamps and imprints, and in fees and
what not it has cost me over twenty dollars already.”
We need not give the conversation farther. The above
citation suffices to show that the tourist, and especially tho
American tourist of the cheapest kind, has at last penetrated
into Russia. In June, July, and August St. Petersburg and
Moscow are now-a-days visited by between two and three
thousand Americans, and by a small sprinkling of English,
and for the comfort of these travellers certain arrangements
have been made. In some hotels at St. Petersburg and in one at
Moscow the porter speaks English, and some of the waiters
comprehend more or less. French and German are more
widely understood and spoken, but it is useless to disguise the
fact that the language of Russia is Russian, and without, at
least, a little Russian the tourist must, as the American said,
have a “chump-headed guide” attached to his person. St.
Petersburg and Moscow are both vast towns; the distances
from point to point are enormous; the squares are so broad
that one can hardly think of walking across them ; the streets
■ measure miles in length and furlongs in width. The consequence
I is that in Russia nobody walks; even tho kitchen-maid who
goes to market to buy a cabbage or a water-melon rides in a
swift drosbka. Now, these drosbkas are subject to no fixed
tariff : in real Oriental fashion you must bargain each time
you hire one. That wonderful writer, Baedeker, tells us, it is
true, that we may, and ought to, abuse and even maltreat the
droshkadriver, who will never lose his good temper; but how can
I you abuse him if you cannot speak his language? in the
museums, the churches, the public monuments, and the shops
this same difficulty of language stands very much in the way
of the tourist’s comfort. The veracious guide-books affirm that
in the best shops in St. Petersburg and Moscow French is spoken
currently, and yet I remember one day visiting thirteen cigar-
shops in the Nevsky Prospect, the Regent-street of St. Peters-
Iburg, and in not one of them was there a soul who could
understand German or French, much less English.
Such being the case in the capitals, what must
bo the state of affairs in minor towns ? llow
I delightful is the situation of the tourist who starts
on a seventy-hour railway journey, in the course of
which he may have to change trains four or five
times, drive across towns from one station to another,
explain to porters, ask information from station-
masters or train-conductors, who understand nothing
but the language of Gogol and Pouchkine! Re¬
member, too, that the tourist who arrives unprepared
in the country cannot read even the names of the
stations, which are inscribed in Slavonic letters
only. In the hotels the bill of fare is unintelligible,
and communication with the waiter can only take
place through pantomime.
On the other hand it must be stated that in a
first-class carriage on a Russian railroad you never
fail to find some passenger who speaks French, and
tho educated Russians seem never to tire of showing
kindness and courtesy to foreigners, and piloting
them through travelling difficulties. Nevertheless
the tourist who ventures outside the great towns,
like St. Petersburg, Moscow, and Warsaw, must
know the Russian alphabet and a few necessary
phrases—the more the better—otherwise he will bo
s> worried that his journey will be anything but
pleasurable, or else he will have to hire one of those
“ chump-headed guides ” who are to be found in
limited numbers in St. Petersburg and Moscow.
In reality, the stream of tourists—the vast
majority of whom are Americans—scarcely flows
beyond Moscow, for the present, at least. Russia
docs nothing to attract tourists or to facilitate their
movements. To say. as our American friend does,
that Russia is ,4 no place for a white man,” is,
perhaps, excessive; nevertheless. I have met few
tourists who were not glad to get out of it.
One note to conclude. Few foreign journals
reich the Russian reader without several columns
hiving been obliterated by the censorship. A few
weeks ago, I noticed half of Mr. James Payn’s
genial paragraphs in “Our Note-Book” cruelly obliterated.
As for the present series of observations, they will inevitably
appear on the tables in Russian reading-rooms as a dismal
black-ink smudge. T. C.
The Lord Mayor of London laid the foundation-stone of
the new Technical Schools at Stockport of Sept. 8, with full
Masonic honours. Lord Egerton of Tatton, Grand Master of
the Cheshire Freemasons, was present. The friendly societies
walked in the procession, and the town was gaily decorated.
The illustrated London news, Sept. is. i888,—3is
WKBBBBM Wl
mm
SEPT. IS, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
319
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Town mouse, visiting her country sister at this season, cannot
but think commiseratingly of the dull times which that poor
creature must have when all that now makes the country
delightful, or, indeed, one might say tolerable, will have faded
with the roses and vanished with the verdure. Tennis and tea
out-of-doors, swinging in a hammock in the orchard and
driving to meet half the county at a garden-party, sketching
and amateur photography, woodland rambles and tri¬
cycling—everything, in short, that seems to make the country
enjoyable, goes with the summer. Of course, a large country-
house party in winter may be merry and bright enough, but it
is a question now of the resident in her own quiet home.
Country mouse declares with proper spirit that her days are
full of duties, making the time seem all too short.' Her
domestic vocations, her correspondence (it is only in the
country that people have time to write letters—in town
we scribble notes), her cottage and sick visiting, her
management of the penny bank and the sewing club, her
calls at the village school and her church work, amply occupy
her days. But, no doubt, the great resource for the country in
winter is needlework, both plain and fancy. It is the
“ stand-by ” which fills up all odd crevices of leisure. To those
women who can take an interest in needlework it is the most
fascinating and even sedative of employments. It appears,
indeed, to be to many of our sex what tobacco is to some men :
a never-failing resource against ennui and vexation.
Those women who can find such enjoyment in the use of
the needle are to be envied. There are many of us to whom
the occupation is irritating in the extreme. Generally speak¬
ing, I think that the women who take much delight in sewing
of any sort are those with quiet temperaments and brains not
over-active. At all events, intellectual women generally have
not liked the occupation. Even in the days when it was con¬
sidered inevitable for all women to do much needlework—
and when, indeed, it was inevitable, for there were no machines
to relieve them from the positive necessity, so it was truly a
female duty to sew much—even then women of active intellect
could often not refrain from bearing testimony to the painful¬
ness of the labour. Mdme. De Main tenon, the severe mentor
of Louis XIV. of France, for instance, said that she wished the
girls in her school for demoiselleB of family at St. Cyr to do
mnch needlework, as a salutary discipline, because it was such
an unpleasant occupation, and one allowing so mnch scope for
painful self-examination and solemn reflection. The more
fortunate sisters who can delight in the mechanical action
which results in the manufacture of pretty things ought to be
sorry for those less happy amongst us who find that “ that way
madness lies." I do not observe that they are so sympathising.
Great scope is given to artistic feeling by fancy work,
and as the mechanical part of it—the mere doing of the
various stitches—is comparatively easily acquired, the pleasure
of the achievement of making something pretty is open in
this direction to many who have not leisure or training for
painting, etching, or modelling. Every woman who has to
live mnch alone does wisely to try if she can find satisfaction
in the use of the needle. The several stitches once learned—
chain stitch, feather stitch, coral, cross, and satin Btitches, and
French knots, and the rest—it is easy to combine them
into broideries and designs either out of one's own head or
from the innumerable patterns now procurable. Lace stitches
and painting on satin are more elaborate and ambitious under¬
takings : but there is enough variety for most people in the
many different ways in which the ordinary embroidery stitches
can be utilised.
A pretty centre for a dinner-table may be made by working
with coloured thread on a white linen ground, or with white
cotton on an ecru ground. For this purpose, a conventional
pattern should be traced along each edge of a strip of linen
about twelve inches wide, and a corresponding design worked
rather thickly at each end—the length depending on the size
of the table. This is very effective if worked either in blue or
red ingrain cotton, with a second line close by everywhere in
the design, of ecrn thread if the ground be white, or white
thread if the ground be string-colour. Another dinner-table
centre is more elaborate, the material being that “ satin-sheet¬
ing " which, while having a surface gloss almost like silk, can
yet be cleaned repeatedly. This was covered with an 41 all
over” design of running stems and occasional leaves in blue
cotton, with a little bird every here and there in raised stitch
of white silk, the shape backed up and marked out from the
flat white ground by being outlined with gold. Sideboard
cloths arc generally worker! in designs to match ; but in this
case a coarse Russian canvas was substituted for the ground—
as, of course, a sideboard cloth must be more frequently
cleaned than a dinner-table centre.
Portieres are marie out of the roughest-looking materials,
such as great common grey, blue, and brown blankets, or the
rough Irish frieze, or the coarsest of serge. The colours
must be well chosen to harmonise with the ground ; and
then these common materials become gloriously beautiful with
comparatively small expenditure of time and labour, the designs
being bold and the stitches chosen those which rapidly fill a
largo space. Sunflowers, with their leaves in the natural
colours, and the hearts of the flowers brightened up with a
little orange silk amongst the brown, form an effective brood
bordering for a very dark red serge. A peacock-blue serge
curtain looks well with embroidery in a sort of Greek key
design, straight down it, in a series of rather broad lines, the
colours being dark brown, in various tones, with a little inter¬
mixture of gold. “ Bed-spreads ” have superseded spotless
counterpanes in artistic households; the 44 spread," of course,
being only intended for day use, and being taken off, with the
frilled and monogrammed 44 pillow-shams " that during the day
cover the pillow-case, when the room is prepared for the night
by the housemaid. The bed-spread is generally of silk, and is
worked nearly all over with embroidery. A running design of
flowers is very popular for this use, such as cornflowers and
clematis in strips, on a white silk or Roman satin ground, or
white roses on a red ground, Ac. Geometrical shapes make
very effective embroidery for this purpose. Diamonds or s | uares
worked in white crewels, or, better still, in purse-silk on
scarlet silk, may offend a severe taste, but give a not nnpleasing
bit of colour in a large room hung in pale nentral tints.
Enamelling with Aspinall's paint, which gives at once
colour and gloss, is one of the latest workable amusements for
ladies. It is having quite a run, some country houses showing
rooms entirely re-painted by the mistress or her daughters in
this way; while plain white wood articles are to be found in
great variety in the fancy shops in London, and are specially
designed to be enamelled. Tables, square, octagon, or corner,
rush-seated chaire, overmantels, book-shelves, milking-stools,
and a multitude of other articles are procurable in white wood.
Japanese leather paper is another great resouroe for home
deoorators. It fills in the panels of doors, the fronts of coal-
boxes, the skirtings beneath windows, Jcc., with very pleasing
effect. Painted panels are popular, too—i.e., a plain ground
with a flight of birds, a bunch of bulrushes, or some other
easily-executed design, painted somewhat roughly across,
stencil-plates can be had for this work by ladies who cannot
manage without their aid. Florence Fenwick-Milleb.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Communication* for this depart mm t should be addressed to the Chets Editor.
v " .fcwiNiy).—The defence you «uwre«t doe* not appear in any book
*“ — -— --id jtjound enough for *~ a -- -
:r ilt.X.i.—Wo h
I lie . fiVrr i f W h: rr j.l:i; .
"-Q fl 3rd. take* ItP
lyum 4. Kt take* I*. 1* r<. Q 4t
P ; 7. Q to Q R 41 >i (ch). tie.
wiab wc wilVpubliaii
8 I) G-—No, there i* no flaw. Look as
Mss Kei.i.v (Liboil).—Your solution
knowledge of anyone ready to play; hi
right, and duly acknowledged last
i nhall ii
always glad t<
report the d< ....
Oonrnav II hath. oT*.-Th*nk« for problem. Davhl Nutt, foreign Wkwllcr,
htrand, can prolwbly «mpply your want.
° | K It” h k e * *1* and id » mar e Vo I l^ws’ f WhUe >>lar *• Kt lo 3 4th - B,nck answer* with
Corbbtt SOU’TIOK* or Pbori.mi No. 2314 receives! from Dr F St and F. R
(Bombay;: of No. aisfrom Joseph T Pullen, S It O and F R ; of No. 2316 from Major
Prichard, C Kthenngton. flcrrwanl, J Brydcn.and F R.
ConuKCTT 8oi.t; T, ox» or Phobi.bm No. 231; received from J Bryden. Mr* Kelly,
Joseph T Pullen, Dr Frtt. A H Austin, Howanl A. Dr Walt* (Heidelberg), Jupiter
Jun.or E Ph.Uip* F. \ .»n Kornatzki. Kl Wlla (l*»niO. Petcrhouse, J Hc pw-rth
S b 5 , T; *1 1 / IC <7- W Hi liter, Hhadfnrtb. Rev Wmfleld ... Herewanl, Dawn,
E E II, F. Louden. A W Hamilton Ciell, F Drew.E Crane, W It Raillcm. T Rolmrta,
«"!:> Rook, JuHaShort, J Dixon, Colonel It Matthew, J Hall.J D Tucker (Lce.l*),
D T < Ben lUi) ililmtri. Janie* Sage. Colour-Sergeant H S It (Ben Ithyddmg).
Lie-ifenanM’ol.me Loraine, F T Horton, Car*|ake \V Wood, Mrs W J Baird. It II
Brook!*, D McCoy, J a Schtnucke, Thomas Chown.C K P, B Reynolds, R Worters
and^Perdval ’ 0 J Ve * ,e * 8 B °’ A No ' vm » n - J D Taylor, F W Knsor. It F N Banks,
SOLUTION OF PROBLEM No. 2315.
WHITE. BLACK.
Any move
PROBLEM NO. 2319.
By J. W. Abbott.
BLACK.
WHITE.
White to piny, nnd mate In four moves.
BRITISH CHESS CONGRESS.
Game played in the Master** Tournament between
Herr Von Baudklkiikn nnd Mr. Pollock.
(Irregular Opening.)
wniTE (Herr B.) black (Mr. P.)
. jn Q 4th
2. Q Kt to B 3rd
3. B to B Ith
4. P to K 3rd
6. Kt to B 3rd
Premature. He should have prevented
f Kt from occupying his
. .oKB 4th
P to Q 4th
PtoK 3rd
K Kt to B 3rd
K 4th by B to Q 3r
5.
6. P to Q R 3rd
7. P take* B
8. Kt to Q 2nd
B to Kt 5th
B takes Kt fch)
Kt to K 5th
J W ■
ought here to have la
lie •ippnrt unity to Ca?
ignores the gather
R to Kt sq
Kt to K 5th
Kt to Q B 3rd
the Queen's side d&n-
tliu K Hand then i
11 .
12. Kt to B 3rd
13. B to y 3rd
14. B takes Kt
All this Icavci
gerously weak.
14. B P takes B
15. Kt to K 6th Kt takes Kt
16. B takes Kt B to Q 2nd
17. Q to Kt 5th Q to B 2nd
18. Q R to Kt sq
Hi* effort* to draw heing frustrated,
and hi* onslaught exhausted,;i diversion
is sought on the Queen's think. Black
WiM hi* last chance of st
21. P
22. B to K 5th
23. Q lake* P
24. B to B 4th
P to K Kt 4th
B to Kt 4th
B to R 3rd
25. R to Kt 2nd
26. K to Q M |
27. B to Q 6th
Sheer desperation, J
Q R to B sq
Q to B 3rd
B to Q 6th
llength of Black's
in lead to
x change of
tbisc-
Bishops.
27. Q takes B
28. Q to K 5th y takes y
29. P takes Q K R takes P
30. R takes P Q R takes P
31. R to Kt 8th (ch) K to y 2nd,
And White resigns, Black ilmshing the
game In masterly style.
CHESS IN
Mr. J. O. Howard Taylor gives
WHITE (Mr. E. SA BLACK ( Mr. T.)
1. P to K 4th P to K 4th
2. B to y 3rd Kt to K B 3rd
3. Kt to K B 3rd Kt to Q B 3rd
4. P to y Kt 3rd B to Q B 4tli
5. B to Kt 2nd P to Q 3rd
6. y to K 2nd Kt to K R 4th
7. Kt to Q B 3rd
A receiver of such odds is presumably
unaoiuaiiited with the openings; but
White could have scarcely blocked him¬
self more t horoughly had he devoted hie
7. KttoKIUth
8. Q to K B sq P to K Kt 4th
9. I* to Kt 3rd Q B to K R 6th
lo. y to Kt sq Kt takes B(ch)
NORFOLK.
odds of Q R and move to Mr. E. S.
Mr. E. S.) black (Mr. T.)
:es Kt Q to KB 3rd
K 2nd y takes Kt (ch)
far has tiecn very tame.
. Black i.
prettily ; White** \
c forced, and
overed.
the odds are practically rc
13. K takes y KttoQ5th(ch)
14. K to K 3rd y B to K Kt 6th
15. P to K B 3rd Kt takes K B P
(din ch)
16. P to Q 4th P take* P (eh)
17. K to Q 3rd Kt takes y
18. Q R takes Kt P takes Kt
And the odds-giver wins, through
disparity of skill, in the end game.
The City of London Club Is now arranging another of Its gigantic tourna¬
ments, which will be commenced early In October. In addition to the usual
prizes, which will amount to about £40, Mr. Anger has this year presented
for competition a special prize of £5, and Mr. Mocatta a special prize of £4.
The annual meeting of secretaries of metropolitan ehcas clubs, to arrange
tho dates of matches for the ensuing season, will take place at Ollphant's,
Lndgato-clrcus, on Sept. 18, at seven o’clock.
The Zukertort Chess Club, which has been established under the
fostering care of Mr. Bird to “afford facilities to the working classes for the
cultivation of chess" 1 b giving effect to this object by bringing some of the
leading masters to meet Its members in friendly light. On Wednesday. Sent.5,
at the club-room, Mr. Gunsberg played twenty s iimltaneous games, of wnlch
ho won eighteen, drew one, and lost one. There was a large and encouraging
attendance, and other similar gatherings are being arranged, In one of
which Herr Von Bardeleben Is to give a blindfold exhibition. Whilst we
do not share the enthusiastic expectation of some of Its supporters of this
new mission to working men, we trust the club may have a long and
prosperous career. _
The east wing of the Star and Garter, at Richmond, com¬
prising banqueting and other rooms, was destroyed by fire on
Saturday, Sept 8.
OLD FAMILIAR FACES.
Some weeks ago, in a speeoh in the House of Commons, Sir
William Harcourt referred to the conduct of a certain person
as resembling that of Dogberry, in writing himself down an
ass. Now. every reader of Shakspeare knows that Dogberry
did nothing of the kind, since writing was not one of the worthy
constable's accomplishments ; but that which he really said
was: 44 O, that he ’’ (his companion. Verges) 44 were here to write
me down an ass ! " This looseness of quotation is, now-a-days,
only too common. One constantly secs the last line of .Milton s
44 Lycidas" : " To-morrow to fresh woods and pastures new
perverted into the vile tautology : 44 To-morrow to fresh fields
and pastures new ! 14 The other day I came across Pope's nil-
complimentary allusion to the fair sex, 44 Woman's at best a
contradiction still,” improved into 44 Woman 4 s at least.” How
often do yon find Butler's famous couplet correctly given 1 —
Compound for sins they are Inclined to,
By damning those they have no mind to.
This, indeed, is a favourite lay-figure with ready speakers and
easy writers, who dress it up in every variety of disguise.
Another quotation, almost as frequently distorted, is—
He that complies against his will
Is of his own opinion still;
which sometimes makes its appearance in the following form:—
Ho that's conrinceil against his will
Is of his own opinion still—
a very different thing ; and we may be sure that Bntler would
never have written so manifest an absurdity. Even such well-
known (and mildly insipid) lines as those of Dr. Watte—
Lot dogs dolight to bark and Pi to,
For God hath mado thorn so—
undergo the modifying process, and come out as—
Let dogs delight to bark and bite,
It is their nature to.
The saying ascribed to Fouche. who borrowed it, perhaps,
from Talleyrand— 44 It is a blander ; it is worse than a crime ;
it is a political fanlt,” has been ent down to, 44 It is not a crime
but a blander.” It would lie easy to multiply examples of the
andacions coolness with which—not in common parlance
only, bnt in grave discourse ; and not in leading articles only,
bat in works of matured pretension—even the most familiar
quotations are transposed, twisted, and tortured, until their
authors would find it as difficult to recognise them as mothers
do to recognise their children who have been kidnapped by
gipsies and transmogrified accordingly. (An image we adapt
from Sheridan, whoconveyed it from Churchill.) Yet, surely,
when we borrow from an author, the least we can do is to
preserve the article borrowed in its original condition. We
may be satisfied that it is what he wished and meant it to be,
and that he does not thank ns for any of onr al tcrations. We may
he equally satisfied that onr alterations will not be improve¬
ments. If he lends us his guineas, what ri^ht have we to
clip them 1
It is interesting to observe what are the essential points in
those quotations which have become "household words.”
Take such examples as— 44 Pity’s akin to love ; ” 44 We have
scotched the snake, not killed it;” “Virtue is her own
inward ; ” 44 He who fights and runs away, may live to fight
another day and we shall perceive that the primary
condition is Brevity. The words must be few, and so put
together as to be easy of remembrance. Then, if few, they
must be fit—that is, aptly chosen; conveying, without
surplusage, the exact meaning of the author. Here is an
example—
A heap of dust alone remains of thee :
'Tis ail thou art, nnd all the proud shall be i
In this couplet every word tell*, every word is the right word,
and the whole is the apt expression of what is, no donbt, a
common truth, bnt is so pat as to have all the force of novelty
and all the air of freshness. But this leads ns to the third
essential—that the truth, or the idea conveyed, shall be, as we
have said, 44 common ”—patent to everybody, intelligible to
everybody, and therefore accepted by everybody. In fact, a
phrase or passage obtains extended currency exactly in pro¬
portion to its uheimmett. Any recondite image or remote
inference would have no chance of acceptance. We do not
pet onr familiar quotations from Hobbes's 44 Leviathan ” or Sir
William Hamilton's 44 Discussions on Philosophy.” The multi-
tnde adopt a quotation, and make it their own, when it ex¬
presses for them, in a form which they can understand and
remember, their own sentiments on subjects connected with
their everyday life. On this principle one may explain
the popularity of snch quotations as Burns’s “Man’s in¬
humanity to man Makes countless thousands monrn”
(where, by-tlie-way, the alliteration helps to fix it in the
memory); or Longfellow’s 44 Still achieving, still pursuing, learn
to labour and to wait ” ; or Tennyson's 44 Kind hearts arc more
than coronets, And simple faith than Norman blood.” The
multitude have also an ear for poetical rhythm, and swiftly seize
upon a phrase which has a musical turn, or is graced by a
pretty image, or brightened by an antithesis ; as, for instance,
44 God made the country, and man made the town ’’ (Cowper) ;
44 He who ascends to mountain-tops shall find The loftiest
peaks most wrapped in clouds and snow ” (Byron) ; “ Coming
events cast their shadows before ” (Campbell); 44 Immodest
words admit of no defence, For want of decen'cy is want of
sense ” (Roscommon); 44 Full many a flower is born to blnsh
unseen ” (Gray)—and so on.
A story is told of a critic who, daring the recital of a new
poem by a yonng versifier, was observed to lift his hat at almost
every other line, and excused himself on the ground that he
always bowed to old acquaintances. The courtesy is one which
we might incessantly practise if we made a point of acknow¬
ledging all the veteran faces, worn and furrowed with age,
that greet ns in the guise of 44 Familiar Quotations.” Recently
a proposal was made, we think, to banish them from onr daily
speech and writing, on the ground that the world was weary of
their constant reappearance. We are not so sure of that! No
doubt one is somewhat sick of 44 Audi alteram partem.” and
44 Just as the twig is bent,” and many of the same class ; but,
on the other hand, not a few of our old friends appeal to onr
sympathies with their venerable air and kindly habit, no less
than with their reputed wit and wisdom. We have no patience
with the oold - blooded ingratitude which would thrust
strangers into their accustomed places. They have served us
well for years, and onr fathers, and onr fathers’ fathers ; shall
we turn them adrift into the bowling wastes of oblivion I
44 We have heard the chimes at midnight,” ” I had rather be
a dog and bay the moon,” 44 To err is human; to forgive,
divine'—let not the cynic think he will easily get rid of
these old familiar faces ! Like the poor, they are always
with ns. Besides, it is but an act of ordinary gratitude to
cherish the friends who have served our fathers and onr
grandfathers so faithfully; to respect them in their old age ;
and not to jeer at the rags and tatters which are due, after all,
to the freedom with which we have treated them. Even now]
when an author is gravelled for lack of matter, they come
readily at his call, while the reader is seldom an willing to receive
them with cordiality. y/, jj. J).-A-
THE It-MJSTHATED LONDON NEWS. Sept. 15, 1888 - 320
tvlu-iv ho tnilnl fur n.-alth
re- II..w ro-visito.l with lii*
: .. lot us h«jo Mint thoir
.t walk s" fill- with thrill, is
sti-i.lliii^r with thrir mint in
. i \ficotI ult ini tli.'ir rot ii. n
r ..f 1 mro :ui.l rush delight.
t
'
TUB TOURIST SEASON ■■ SETTLING THE DAY'S WALKING EXCURSION.
.
SEPT. 15, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
321
“THE OUT-PATIENT”
A Tale of a Dog.
REPRINTED PROM TITE3 “ PALL MALL GAZETTE,” IMZAP^CPT 31, 1888-
He prayeth best who loveth best
All creatures, great and small.
On Sunday morning, July 31,
1887, a hospital porter heard a
dog barking at the door; ho,
though a kindly man, thought
of his patients, and went to
drive the dog away. Instead
of finding one dog, ho found
three. Two white-and-tan fox-
terriers were standing up on the
top of the flight of stops, while
a long-haired collie lay beside
them, looking very sorrowful,
for he was sorely wounded, and
lay in a thick pool of blood.
The moment the good porter
showed his face the two terriers
bolted, leaving their lame com¬
rade at the door. At this
moment a medical student came
in, and he at once treated tho
collie as an ordinary patient.
On examination, it was found
that the dog .had an artery cut
on his right foreleg, with a
gaping wound three inches long.
The leg was dressed and bandaged, the haemorrhage was
arrested, and the dog lay outside the hospital on the grass for a couple
of hours, and then went away. Such is the story of Bob, a drover’s
collie. The friendly hospital was KING’S COLLEGE HOSPITAL,
and the touching incident made a great sensation at the time. While
some were sceptical, many were touched by the simple pathos of the
little drama. Mr. Yates Carrington, the eminent dog painter,
happened to read the incident in the papers, and at once went down
to the hospital to make inquiries. He was also struck by the kind
and intelligent sympathy for the distress of their comrade shown by
the fox-terriers. •“If it is true,” he said, “why should I not tell
the story on canvas ? ” He made his inquiries; Mr. Mosse Mac¬
donald, the secretary of the hospital, gave him every help ; the dogs
in the drama were discovered, and the result is the picture which
Mr. Carrington exhibits at the Academy this year.
Of this picture we were favoured with a private view. There
was the picture on its easel, occupying the place of honour in the cosy
studio, flanked by half-a-dozen other pictures of dogs—toy dogs,
terrier dogs, mongrel dogs—which Mr. Carrington loves to paint.
The famous Teufel had just left the platform on which he had been
sitting to his master, and Mr. Carrington told us how he painted
the “ Out-patient.” “ I read the story, set off at once to the
hospital, and Mr. Macdonald
kindly gave me every assist¬
ance. A thick patch of blood
was still on the hospital steps,
and starting from that we traced
it all round the back of the
hospital to a spot in Clement’s
I'nn, called Yates’s-court. In
the hoarding between tho court
and the enclosure of the Law
Courts there was a hole just
large enough to admit the dog.
Below the hole was a piece of
glass. This discovery, and tho
btate of the pavement, which
was like a slaughter-house, left
no doubt in our minds that this
was the scene of the ‘ tragedy.’
While we were talking, Mr.
Hutt, the bookseller, came out
and informed us that his terrier
was one of tho actors in tho
drama, and thus No. 1 rvas
secured. The second terrier
belonged to his brother. The
patient was the property of
a drover, who in driving his
cattle was frequently in tho
vicinity of the hospital. You
see the three dogs were evidently in the habit of meeting ono another,
for two lived close by the hospital, and the third often passed it. They
were playing together on the Sunday morning. The collie cut his foot,
and his little friends induced him to follow them to the out-patients’
door of the hospital. The interesting point to me was that the dogs
took their shortest cut through the various alleys past the back
entrance to the hospital to the front door, mind you. The conclusion
I came to was that the terrier had constantly seen patients carried in
that way. The end of it all was that I got the drover to lend me the
collie, and was also able to borrow the terriers. The collie was the
most intelligent dog sitter I ever had. ‘ Jack,’ one of the terriers,
did not at all approve of studio life, for on the fourth morning after
his arrival here my servant informed me at breakfast that he had
vanished. Little thinking that ‘Jack,’ who lived four i files away,
and had never been up in St. John’s Wood before, had been cute
enough to find his way through Marylebone and Holborn, I wired his
master, and received the reply that ‘Jack ’ arrived safely at 6.30 a.m.,
barking for admission in time for breakfast. You see the blood in
the picture,” said Mr. Carrington, pointing to the red splashes on the
door. “ To paint that part of the picture I sent to the butchers for
some, and dabbled the collie’s paw into it, but he would persist in
licking it off, and with evident relish.”
CANIS SUM: HUMANI NIL A ME ALIENUM PCTO.
From the Original, by the Celebrated Dog Painter, YATES CARRINGTON,
exhibited at the Royal Academy, London. Purchased by Messrs. PEARS.
This pathetic and interesting paiuting—of which a replica is to hang in the Hall of King’s College Hospital as a memento of the event—
has been bought by
Messrs. PEARS,
and can be seen, together with the celebrated Picture of “ Bubbles,” by Sir JOHN E. MILLAIS, Bart., R.A., on presentation of visiting-card,
in the Art Gallery, at their Offices, 71-75, NEW OXFORD-STREET, LONDON, W.C.
322
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 15, 1888
"NATIONAL EISTEDDFOD OF WALES.
At the Wrexham Eisteddfod, on Sept. 4. the opening day, the
great choral competition was the chief event of the morning.
Three choirs sang—the Wrexham Philharmonio Society, the
Carnarvon Choral Union, and the Birkenhead Cambrian Choral
Society. The adjudicators unanimously resolved that the first
prize of £1.">0 should be given to the Carnarvon Choral Union ;
and the Birkenhead choir took the second prize, value £20.
The prize of £20 offered for the best English essay on
the influence of Celtic genius on English literature was
divided between Mr. J. Jones, of London, and Mr. A. Lewis, of
Bala. The prize of £20 offered by the National Eisteddfod
Association for the beet critical essay on the works of Ceiriog
was secured by the Rev. Evan Lewis, Congregational minister,
of Hull. In the evening there was a concert, under the pre¬
sidency of Sir John Puleston, M.P.
Mr. Osborne Morgan, M.P., was one of the presidents on
the second day, and he gave an interesting address. Professor
Rhys took the chair at a meeting of the Cymmrodorion Society,
and Mr. Lewis Morris read a paper on the proposed University
for Wales. A resolution urging the Government to establish
a University organisation in the Principality was carried
unanimously. There was a choral competition for persons
under sixteen years of age, and prizes were awarded for this,
for an essay on the leading scientific discoveries during the
reign of her Majesty, for the best poem on the Sabbath in
Wales, for the best Welsh novel, and the be9t carved bardic
chair. In the evening Mendelssohn’s “ Elijah ” was performed :
and Miss Helen Gladstone presided at a meeting of the
Association for Promoting the Education of Girls in Wales.
Sir Watkin Williams Wynne presided on the third day.
The Rev. T. T. Jones was“ chaired ” as the successful bard who
had sent in the best ode. The Clwydian Male Voice Choir
from Ruthin was adjudged the male choral prize, the second
prize being gained by the Arvonic Choir from Carnarvon.
Other prizes for essays, &c., were decided, and meetings of
societies connected with, the occasion were held. A list of
subjects for competition at the Brecon Eisteddfod next year
was presented, among them being a prize of £100 for the best
landscape in oil or water-colours which takes in the town of
Brecon. This handsome prize was supplemented by £. r >0 for
the best landscape from any point south of the Usk. It was
decided to hold the Eisteddfod of 1890 at Bangor. At
night there was a miscellaneous concert in the Pavilion, the
Hon. George T. Kenyon, M.P., presiding. The principal
artistes were Madame Antoinette Sterling, Mrs. Glanffrwd
Thomas, Miss Annie Roberts. Mr. James Sauvage, and Mr.
Maldwyn Humphreys.
The Gorsedd which preceded the meeting on the fourth
day was rendered additionally interesting from the fact that
two ladies were among those invited into the bardic fraternity;
these were Madame Antoinette Sterling and Mrs. Mary Davies.
This was the.concluding daj'of the Eisteddfod, which is'stated to
have been the most successful ever held. Sir John Puleston, M.P.,
who presided, announced that when he was at Homburg lately,
the Prince of Wales desired him to express his regret at his
inability to attend the Eisteddfod, and to say that his Royal
Highness'hoped at some future Eisteddfod to have the pleasure
now denied him. At the conclusion of his address, he moved
that a vote of condolence should be sent to Mrs. Richard on
the death of her husband. This was unanimously agreed to.
The prize gold baton and the first prize of £o0 were won by
the'Newton Competitive Choir. Mr. T. E. Jacob took the £. r >0
prize for the best essay on Wales under Queen Victoria, and
Mr. L YV. Lewis £20 for the bcst/heroic poem. In the evening
Handel’s “ Messiah " was performed in the Pavilion.
The total sum received in admission fees amounted to
nearly £30i>0, and another £1000 was subscribed. This is
stated to be the largest sum ever taken at an Eisteddfod.
Sir John Pender had a private audience of the Sultan on
Sept. 8, and received from his Majesty the Grand Cordon of
the Medjidieh.
^Through the Foreign. Office the Board of Trade have
received.a binocular-glass and two silver medals and diplomas,
which have been awarded by the French Government to Captain
G. W.Xash, master, and'Messrs. A. Scott, and J. E. Burnside,
officers of the British steam-ship Stephanotis. in recognition of
their services to the shipwrecked crew of the French steam¬
ship Suez, which vessel was sunk, on Jan. 24 last, off Lisbon,
after having been in collision with, the German, steam -ship
Dittmarschen.
AN EAETHQUAKE IN NEW ZEALAND.
The earthquake felt in both the North and South Islands of
New Zealand, on Sept. 1. was not attended with any great
mischief, and the first reports concerning it were much exag¬
gerated. The spire of the Cathedral Church in the city of
Christchurch, the capital of the Canterbury Province, in the
South Island, was said to have been destroyed : bnt it was only
partially damaged. We are obliged to Mr. F. T. Haggard, of
Tunbridge Wells, for sending us a photograph of the Cathedral,
CATHEDRAL OF CHIUSTCHVRCH, NEW ZEALAND, THE SPIRE
QF WHICH WA8 DAMAGED BY AN EARTHQUAKE.
which is a handsome building, with nave, two aisles, tower
and spire, the transepts and permanent chancel being not yet
added to it. It was consecrated in 1881, but the diocese of
Christchurch was founded in 185G ; its first Bishop, the Right
Rev. H. J. Chitty Harper, D.D., was in 18(58 elected Primate
of New Zealand by the General Church Synod ; but there arc
Bishops of Auckland, YVellington, YVaiapu, Dunedin, and
Nelson. The earthquake shocks, five times repeated in half-
an-hour, alto damaged some chimneys in the city, but caused
no loss of life, and were scarcely more destructive than the
similar visitation in Essex, three or four years ago, and others
which have taken place in our own country.
The British Pharmaceutical Conference concluded at Bath
on Aug. 5. An invitation to visit Newcastle-on-Tyne next
year was accepted : and Mr. Charles Umney, of London, was
elected president for the year 1889.
The Trades Union Congress at Bradford concluded its pro¬
ceedings on Saturday, Sept. 8, when resolutions were adopted
condemning the Merchant Seamen’s Widows and Orphans
Pension Fund Bill, and taking exception to the interpretation
put upon the Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act by
Mr. Justice Stephens and Mr. Justice Hawkins. The debates
and resolutions and amendments on the many subjects about
which the congress was engaged throughout the week were of
interest all through ; the interest of the proceedings lying
mainly in the-information which they give us about the wants
and wishes of the working classes as we find them stated by the
representatives of their own choice. Dundee has been chosen
as the place of meeting next year.
HYDE PARK OK SUNDAY.
In the height of the fashionable London season, on a fine
Sunday afternoon of Jane or July, the scene in the park,
which our Artist has delineated, is one of considerable social
interest. This crowded promenade, in which ladies and gentle¬
men have a good chance of meeting their acquaintance, takes
place, weather permitting, with tolerable regularity at that
period of the j r ear. There is, at any rate, a breath of fresh air
to be got, with a little foliage, pleasant until it becomes dnsty
and sooty, and the view of a certain extent of grass, to say
nothing of the pretty flower-beds. Those who have secured
chairs may indulge in talk which easily fiuds its topics among
the passing groups and figures. Any gentleman who feels a
craving for his cigar will, of course, retire to a sufficient
distance from the ladies’ walk. Dignified English woman¬
hood is well represented in this assemblage of correctly-
behaved people, and few will object to such a harmless way of
passing one or two hoars on Sunday.
MUSIC.
THE HEREFORD FESTIVAL.
This celebration (the one hundred and sixty-fifth meeting of
the cathedral choirs of Hereford. Gloucester, and YVorccster,
held in yearly alternation at each city) closed on Sept. 14.
Having”already given details as to the object of these festivals,
and the arrangements made for that which has just taken place,
but brief record must now suffice, as most of the performances
occurred too late for present notice, and must be referred to
hereafter. The inaugural service in the cathedral included
the co-operation of the three cathedral choirs and other
choristers; and, in the morning, the delivery of a sermon special
to the occasion by the Rev. Canon Sir F. A. Gore Ouseley,
Bart. At the evening service, on the Sunday, a sacred cantata,
entitled “ Samuel,” was performed, in place of the anthem.
It is the composition of Dr. Langdon Colborne, organist of
Hereford Cathedral and conductor of the festival. It includes
narrative passages for a bass voice, solos for a treble, and
choral writing, with the association of a small string band.
The most effective portions were those for chorus, which in¬
cluded the introduction of several more or less familiar hymn-
tunes. Dr. Colborne has purposely aimed at simplicity rather
than elaborateness of style, with the object of rendering the
work widely available by parish choirs.
As at most of these Three Choir festivals, the first of the
oratorio performances in the cathedral (on Sept. 11) was
appropriated to ‘‘Elijah,” the principal solo vocalists in which
were Misses Anna YVilliams and Ambler, Madame Enriquez,
Mr. E. Lloyd, and Mr. Santley. Comment on such familiar
details would be superfluous. The evening of the same date
was devoted to the first concert in the Shi rehall, Sir Arthur
Sullivan’s dramatic cantata “The Golden Legend” having
been selected for the occasion, with Madame Albani, Miss II.
Wilson, Mr. E. Lloyd, and Mr. Brereton as chief solo vocalists.
No new compositions were commissioned for the festival, the
important specialties announced having been Mr. Coiven’s
“ Song of Thanksgiving,” composed for. and performed at, the
recent opening of the Melbourne Centennial Exhibition : and
the Rev. Sir F. A. Gore Ouseley’s oratorio, k- St. l’olycarp ” ; the
first-named work given for the first time in England, the
other having been seldom heard since its first production some
thirty years ago. These and other features of the festival
must be spoken of hereafter.
There is as yet nothing to record of London music beyond
the promenade performances at Covenfc-Garden Theatre, which
are folly maintaining the high character gained for them in
Mr. Thomas’9 previous five seasons. Large and enthusiastic
audiences are attracted nightly, the classical programmes on
Wednesday evenings being special features of each week. All
tastes, indeed, are amply provided for in each evening.
The next important revival of serial performances will be
that of the Saturday afternoon concerts at the Crystal Palace,
which will enter on their thirty-third season on Oct. lit.
The remaining important provincial festival of the year
will be that of Bristol, where the sixth triennial celebration
will be held (in the Colston Hall) on Oct. 1G and three follow¬
ing days.
An endeavour is being made (under the competent
direction of Dr. C. Swinnerton Heap) to establish festivals
at Hanley (Staffordshire), the initial experiment being fixed
for Oct. 11.
LIFE, FORTUNE, AND HAPPINESS.
Ring out false pride in place and blood,
The civic slander and the spite ;
Ring in the love of truth and right,
Ring in the common love of good.
Ring out old shapes of foul disease,
Ring out the narrowing lust of gold,
Ring out the thousand wars of old,
Ring in the thousand years of peace.
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SEPT. 15, 188S
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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A new Pamphlet of Prices, Illustrated with
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LICENSED APPRAISEES.
VALUATIONS MADE FOR PROBATE.
DIVISIONS OF FAMILY PLATE ARRANGED.
FOREIGN RUGS AND CARPETS
Of every Description, and in all Sizes, imported in Large Quantities by
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324
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 15, 1888
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated June 16, 1888) of the Right Hon. Henry
Richard, Baron Wolverton, late of Iwerne Minster, Dorset,
and No. 67, Lombard-street, who died on July 2 last at Coombe
Wood, Kingston-on-Thames, has just been proved by the
Hon. Pascoe Charles Glyn, the uncle, the executor, the value
of the personal estate exceeding £42,000. The testator devises
and bequeaths all his estate and hereditaments at Iwerne,
Dorset (subject to the life interest of the Right Hon. Georgiana
Julia Maria Baroness Wolverton. in such parts thereof as may
be in her occupation) to his brother, Frederic, together with
the furniture, plate, glass, pictures, carriages, horses, farm
stock, &c., in and about the mansion-house, and the medals,
swords, and decorations of their father, the late Admiral
Henry Carr Glyn; and £300 each to his housekeeper and
valet. The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves,
upon trnst, for his two sisters, Rose Riversdale Lady Norreys,
and Alice Coralie Glyn, for life, and at their death, to their
respective children as they shall appoint.
The will (dated Dec. 5, 1883), with a codicil (dated Oct. 1,
1886), of Mr. Benjamin Piercy, C.E., J.P., late of Marchwiel
Hall, Denbigh, and Drapers - gardens, E.C., who died on
March 24 last, was proved on Sept. 5 by Mrs. Sarah Piercy, the
widow. Francis George Whitwham, Edmund Bower Bernard,
and Evan Morris, the executors, the value of the personal
estate amounting to upwards of £324,000. The testator
beqneaths one tenth of what he may die possessed of over
£110,000 to such charitable institutions and objects as his
executors may determine, and at such times and in such
manner as they may think fit. The residue of his real and
personal estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay one fifth of the
income to his wife, for life, or during the time she shall
remain his widow ; and the remaining four fifths of income
between his children, his brother, Robert, and his sister, Jane.
At the death or second marriage of his wife, the capital and
income are left in equal shares between his children and his
said brother and sister ; but the shares of his children and his
brother are to be held in trust for them, for life, and at their
death to their respective children.
The will (dated Feb. 12, 1883) of Mr. Charles Joseph
Lambert, formerly of No. 3. Queen’s-street-place, Upper
Thomes-street, afterwards of No. 29, Park-lane, and late of
No. 1, Crosby-square, merchant, who died on July 11 last, was
proved on Aug. 16 by Mrs. Susan Lambert, the widow, and
John Alexander Weir, the executors, the value of the personal
estate exceeding £274,000. The testator bequeaths £60,000,
and all his pictures, bronzes, plate, furniture, horses and
carriages, to his wife, Mrs. Susan Lambert ; and £1000 to his
executor and partner, John Alexander Weir. The residue of
his real and personal estate he leaves, upon trust, during the
life of his wife to pay annuities of £300 to each of his
children and the surplus of the income thereof to his wife;
at her death, he leaves the capital sum between his children, in
such shares as his wife shall by deed or will appoint, and, in
default of such appointment, in equal shares.
The will (dated Jan. 26, 1877) of Miss Rachel Pinckard,
late of No. 23, Tavistock-square, who died on July 26 last, has
been proved by John Coles, one of the executors, the value of
the personal estate exceeding £53,000. The testatrix bequeaths
her leasehold house, with the furniture and effects therein, to
her niece Louisa Stebbing ; £1000 to Agnes Pinckard ; £150
to her executor, and various legacies and specific gifts to
friends and relatives. The residue of her real and personal
estate she leaves between her six nieces, Louisa Stebbing,
Anne Stebbing, Emiline Clongh, Amelia Coles, Clara Lathbury,
and Jane Slocock, in equal shares.
The will (dated April 3, 1883) and a codioil (dated Jan. 30,
1886) of Mrs. Julia Cave, formerly of Brook House, Sunbury,
but late of Boxwcll Court, Gloucester, who died on July 7,
were proved on Aug. 30, by Thomas Star my Cave, the son, and
Joseph Lancaster Wetherall, the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £30,000. Subject to a legacy of
£ 1000 to the eldest daughter who shall be living at home, for
the purpose of carrying on the management of the house, the
testatrix leaves all her property, upon trust, as to two tenths
thereof, for her son, Thomas Sturmy ; two tenths for her son
Herbert; and one tenth each for her daughters, Mrs. Emma
Henrietta de Carteret. Mrs. Catherine Louisa Hewitt, Mrs.
Louisa Johnson, Fanny Blanch Cave, Georgiana Cave, and Julia
Cave. She also declares that, during the life of her hnsband
and herself, certain sums of money have been advanced to
some of her children, and that such sums are to be taken into
account upon the distribution of her estate.
The will (dated Aug. 8, 1888) of Mr. Allen Fletcher, late
of No. 6, Lord Mayor’s-walk, York, who died on Aug. 19 last,
was proved on Aug. 29 by William Pnlleyn and William Hood,
the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding
£26,000. The testator bequeaths £25 each to the Wilberforce
School for the Blind, the York Bluecoat Boys’ School, the
York County Hospital, and the York Infirmary; his house,
No. 6, Lord Mayor's-walk, the furniture and effects therein,
and £100 to his wife, Mrs. Annie Fletcher; and other legacies.
The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves, upon
trust, for his wife, for life or widowhood (in the event of
her marrying again she is to have the income of £6000), and
subject thereto for his children, in equal shares.
The will (dated May 8, 1888) of Mr. John Beale, late of
Belle Vue, Eastern Villas-road, Southsea, Southampton, who
died on May 28 last, was proved on Sept. 3 by Henry Beale and
William Beale, the brothers, Mrs. Maria Beale, the widow, and
William Saunders Messiter McCallum, the executors, the value
of the personal estate amounting to upwards of £25,000. The
testator bequeaths all his furniture and effects and £200 to his
wife, and also the income of £10,000 daring her life or widow¬
hood ; £500 each to the London Hospital for Incurables and
the Cancer Hospital (London) ; £1000 to his nephew, Roland
Lang; £500 each to his godson. Methuen Wilson, Mrs. Hoff-
meister, and Edgar Hoffmeister ; and other legacies. The
residue of his property he leaves between his brothers, Henry,
Charles, and William, his sister Anna, Frederick Beale, and
Augustus Roper, share and share alike.
The will (dated Jan. 25, 1879) and a codicil (dated Aug. 7,
1888) of Mr. John Diplock. formerly of No. 94, Upper Tutee-
hill, and Ivy House, Clapham, but late of St. Germains, Honor
Oak-road, who died on Aug. 8 last, were proved on Sept. 4 by
Thomas Diplock, the son, and Elizabeth Diplock, the daughter,
the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding
£24,000. The testator bequeaths a legacy of £50 and an
annuity of £50 to his wife, Mrs. Hannah Diplock ; and gives
and devises very many freehold and leasehold houses round
London to his children. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves equally between his children. He also directs
that he is not to be buried for seven clear and whole days after
his decease or supposed decease.
The will (dated May 25, 1886) of Mrs. Emma Mary Ann
Maria Knowles, the widow of the late James Sheridan Knowles,
the well-known dramatist, formerly of No. 34, Southwick-
street, Cambridge-terrace, Hyde Park, but late of No. 29, North
Bank, Regent’s Park, who died on May 10 last, was proved on
Ang. 25 by Richard Brinsley Knowles; Emma Webb, the niece ;
and Heber Coghlan, the executors, the value of the personal
estate exceeding £5000. The testatrix bequeathe £1000 each
to the Pastors’ College in connection with the Metropolitan
Tabernacle, the Midnight Meeting Movement (Red Lion-
square), and the Stockwell Orphanage for Boys (Clapham-
road); £100 to the minister, deacons, and elders of Ardberg
Baptist Chapel (Rotlisay, Isle of Bute), for general purposes ;
£300, and all the manuscripts and writings and the interest
arising from the acting of the dramas of James Sheridan
Knowles, to Mary Knowles Rice ; £500 to her niece M rs. Emma
Webb, and other legacies and specific gifts. The residue
of her property she leaves to her said niece Emma Webb,
absolutely.
FRUIT-CULTURE FOR PROFIT.
A conference of fruit-growers was held at the Crystal Palace
on Friday, Sept. 7. Mr. F. T.Rivers read a paper on “Fruit-
Culture for Profit,” and advocated the adoption of means for
drying fruit in seasons when there is a glut. Other papers
were read on the packing, carriage, and marketing of fruit,
and on, the land-tenure of fruit-growers. As regards the
ioking and marketing of fruit, it was stated that the
renchman was far more careful than the English grower,
and; consequently, got a better price for his produce. It
was said, for instance, that strawberries sent from Cora wall
are often packed in ferns, which sweated the fruit and altered
its colour and taste. English fruit-growers, it was also
remarked, rarely troubled whether their frnit was bruised or
not, and many of them only picked their apples because they
were not ripe enough to be shaken off. In France the grower
always hand-picked his finest fruit, and, as he packed it care¬
fully, his mark became known, and he could always rely upon
a good price.
The conference was resumed on the 8fch, when Mr. D.
Tallerman read a paper on “ The Science of Fruit Distribu¬
tion,” in which he urged the importance of getting fruit to
market in good condition, and of distributing the supply so as
to bring the fruit to the consumers in the various large towns.
In discussing the subject, it was urged that land capable of
growing good fruit could be had at low rents. It was resolved
to establish an association of fruit-growers, for the promotion
of profitable fruit culture, and the improvement of the present
system of fruit distribution ; and the Executive Committee
was asked to make its first report on Oct. 11.
L the most perfect Emollient Milk fop
PRESERVING AND BEAUTIFYING
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No I,ady who values her complexion should over be
without it, a. It U Invaluable at all Season, for keeping
the SKIN SOFT and BLOOMING.
BEWARE OF INJURIOUS IMITATIONS.
“ BIETHAM ” is the only genuine.
Bottles, Is. and 2s. 6d., of all Chemists.
Free for 3d. oxtra by the Sole Makers,
M. BEETHAM and SON,
CHEMISTS, CHELTENHAM.
SCHWEITZER’S
COCOATINA.
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa or Chocolate Powder.
GUARANTEED EURE SOLUBLE COCOA .
Sold in 4 lb., i lb., and 1 lb. Tins.
BT CHEMISTS, GROCERS, Ac.
FASHIONS
FOR THE SEASON.
PETER ROBINSON’S COURT and FAMILY
A MOURNING WABRHOrSB.
QN^ RECEIPT erf LETTER ' or TELEGRAM
‘’Addrose—VET'ERltOBries! in’ Mourning Warchnusc'/liegcut-at.
INEXPENSIVE MOURNING, as well as the
x Hir'i—t Quiiii-.--. r in 1 :r -urHir,] I’KTKK ROBINSON,
|W 'Ui
riRENCH and ENGLISH DRESSMAKING at
CILKS. VELVETS, BROCADES, an immense
* ' stock of .Vow Goods, the latest productions, for Muntlosnnd
F .'i
/~\UR SPECIAL “ Good-Wearing ” MAKES of
V/ BLACK SILKS. A fresh delivery from “Como,- Si. lid.,
1 t
■r’ VEXING and DINNER DRESSES. A superior
fr .« I fl t fl in" |,orh variety, all very moderate in price, varying
MEW BLACK MATERIAL COSTUMES. A
beautiful variety of New Designs from 1J to 6 guincns.
il
1JEAUTIFUL FRENCH MILLINERY, entirely
-* 9 New find Novel.
TJETER ROBINSON, the COURT and GENERAL
*- MOURNING WAREHOUSE,
250 to aoj, URGENT - 8TU EET.
I PC-TCTD CfMVI 1 MOURNING warehouse, I
1 ■ C— 1 Eelv IVV Dill Ovl 1 ( REGENT-STREET, LONDON. I
■IMAN'S UNIVE RSAL EMBROCATIO N
Rheumatism?" LUMBAGO
I Prepared anly by ELL 1 MAN SONS&C^Slou&hEng,
The Hon. Sec. of a Local Centro of the N.C.U. writes : —
“ Jnnc 19. 1888.
“ A few weeks ago I went for n 24 hours’ ride on a
bicycle, and succeeded in covering 204 miles ; during the
Journcv 1 was advised by a friend to try your Embroed-
tlon, which I did, with a very good result.”
The Hon. See. Hartlepool Athletic Association writes
“ May 19,1888.
“With respect to your Universal Embrocation I may
say that some of the members of our Rovers’ Football
Club swear by It, and not only use it for sprains, con¬
tusions, Ac., but rub it all over the body after a match.”
THE MATRIMONIAL HERALD an
1 FASHIONABLE MARItJAOE GAZETTE i* the origini
and only recognised medium fur High-class Introduction
The largest and most successful Mutrimonial Agency in tl
■” Id. Price 3d.: in envelope, 4pL Address, KMTOl
a mb’s Conduit-street, Loudon. W.c.
BENSON’S
“FIELD”
ENGLISH KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER.
BENSON’S
LUDGATE.”
BENSON’S WATCHES
ARE THE BEST TIMEKEEPERS.
PURCHASERS IS AM, PARTS OF T1IK WORLD mint these IVutrhw under most trying eondltlons
testify to their strict IV accurate timekeeping <innllfies.
BENSON’S
LADY’S KEYLESS LEVER WATCH
Is now fitted with n Three-Quarter Plato Lever Movement.
Compound Balance. Jewelled throughout, and with strong
keyless action, thus making it the beet and cheapest Watch
ever m.tdo at the price, and far superior for strength and
tiniekoepinK to the Hwiaa Horizontal Welches wild hy all
other Firms. The Cases are Duct. gold, very —•* —"
made, either Hunting or Half-Hunt*-- —~*—
gratis! ° Price*£10'
£.1 15s.
r Hough Wear, with Btvgu
liorselmek, A-c.
ling lea, I nloalstt. Travellers, SmU'
HUNDRED# of TESTIMONIAL# from
In Hiintinc. Half-Hunting, or Cryttel a
£25 ; nr Silver. £18. _
t London Make, for
■ Wen, I nlunltt*. Trmrlleia. .Soldier*, si
i all parti
The Hnntin
d Mewl
Edit
. /:• n-
of the " Field " saysI
depended ou.-Field, March K, u
Watch a;
Anjr of these Watches sent free, al
dlparl
SOLE MAKER,
THE STEAM FACTORY: 62 and 04, LUDGATE-HILL, E.C. ;
Ami at 2s, ItOVAL EXCHANGE, E.C.; and 23, OLD BOND-STREET, W.
Excels all Others at the price for Accuracy and Value.
Dajruref.o-t.-THnKK-OlAHTKR PLATE ENGLISH LEVER
WATC1UPatent No. 465fi>, of BEST LONDON MAKE with chro¬
nometer balance, jewelled throughout,and Patear Protection from
dual and damp. Kerin hotter time tlmn.and in d»til>le tlie strength
*iyr Watch made. Made in Four fiiiesLadu*.
Gentlemen and 4outiiB (as Illustrated); Working Men generally |
and specially large and strong for Miner* and Railway Men in
extra strong Sterling Silver Crystal Glass Oases. £$ 5s.; 'or in its-Ct.
Gold Crystal Glais Cases, ,612 fog. Lady's Size, goTOa
SEPT, is, 1886
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
325
NEW MUSIC.
^HAPPELL and CO.'S POPULAR MUSIC.
IJEPITA. LECOCQ'S POPULAR OPERA.
1 Just produced at Toole's Theatre with the greatest
success after a run of seven hundred nights in the provinces.
Pianoforte Sc.Jre.as.net.
>. Psniu is a hig success ; and jsmij.Io who -wish to hear tunc-
ful music, replete with humorous and dramatic effects, ought
to Visit Toole’s Theat re."—Standard.
IJEPITA LANCERS.
X Arranged by Bucalossi. 2s. net.
tjepita waltz.
X Arranged by Ducalossi. 2 a. net.
CHappkll and Co.. 50. Now Bond-st root.
nHAPPELL and CO.’S PIANOFORTES,
V; UARMOKICM8. and AMERICAN organs. for Hire,
aiio. or on the Three-Years* System. New or Secondhand.
CHAPPELL and CO.’S IRON-FRAMED
om.lyl’KI‘1 ANfll'miTES, Manufactured ni|>r.Mlj for
CHOCOLAI
w&smiSm.
QHOCOLAT MENIERJn i lb. and i lb.
I.rXl.'HKOS, and SUPPER.
QHOCOLAT MENIER.-A warded Twenty-
„ phizk MEDALS.
Consumption annually
QHOCOLAT HENIER.
_ Bold Everywhere.
Paris,
^LoniL.n,^
MAPLE & CO.
^ABLE LINENS.
H’ABLE LINENS.
. During the Inng-coniin
11 ... depression in trade, many of
i Ace.
| T) RIGHTON.—Cheap First Class Day Tickets
London to Brighton every Weekday.
J.£ om faro> 12*. «d.. including Pullman-Car.
Cheap Half-Guinea Plrst Claus Day Tickets to Brighton.
Every Saturday from Victoria and London Bridge.
rh—IJW. 1 ™ B< ^ n iAduariumaod Boyal Pavilion.
Cheap First Class Day Tickets to Brighton every Sunday,
Prom Victoria at ia6a.m. and lil5p.ni. Pare, 10 *. *'
fTASTINGS, ST. LEONARDS, BEXHILL
and K AST MO L’RN K.—Cheat* Past Tr.iru >r.. rr u....ir
percentage under value.
_ HI_ orqans, from 6 gtitm_... _
Pronounced hy the highest judges to t>o superior ti
IB duality of tone. ILLUSTRATED LISTS, poat-f
Oiupprli. and Co..5o. New Bond-street.- and 15. I*t
^aH others
lultry, B.r.
T 7 RARDS’ PIANOS.—Messrs. ERARD, of
£j l*.Great Marllmrougli-atrcet, London.and la.ltuedn Mail,
Pari*, 3l»kere to her Majesty and the rrince and Princess of
Wales.CAUTION the Public that Pianoforte* are being Sold
hearing Hie mme of “Krard” which are uot of their manu¬
facture. F»r information a* to authenticity apply at is, Great
klarliKirutigh-st., where new l*iauo» can he obtained from 5ogs.
17RARDS’ PIANOS. — COTTAGES, from
Xj 50 guineas.
OBLIor km; from a5 guinoae.
GRANllS, from 125guineas.
38; Rebuilt, 1887.
M OORE and MOORE.—Pianos from Ifil gs.
to urn g«. Organs from 7 g*. to no g*. : Tbrco-Years'
JJROWN & pOLSON'S QORN p 1.0UR
IS A WORL D-WIDE NECESSARY.
pROWN & pOLSON’S QORX^pLOUR
Foil THE NURSERY.
- I n
T A S Sr v ^v n 7 c?ot„§ 1 Paris’;—shortest, cheapest route
which, being pure flax, will „ tll „
‘ ’. the last.^ The Cloths are mostly of
- ■* lid.; better duality,
l id.; cxira quality, lieTvt
r pABLE LINENS.
^ABLE LINENS.
ii. i'.
»y a* under:—
*. 86 Paris.
; as „
JJROWN A pOLSON'S f< 0 RN 77 LOUR 1
for the fam.lt TAPI.E. 1 j jtt’iSS!‘KfS?V2S!l^7!il£f , o}“.a c JrtSTii£il p,, «S£
JJROWN A pOLSON'S £J0RX pLOUU
FOR THE SICK-ROOM.
io and special occasions, and *1
certainly l»c seen. The prices mlT'lie found”but Tittle
than usually asked for good* of ordinary character.
TABLE LINENS.—Included in the stocks
Id certainly
<• tat ion*. A
II 45
ir ding-h on
qwciion. or write for samples
> ho effected by purchasing
pROWN St pOLSON’S QORN pLOUR
HAS A WORLD-WIDE REPUTATION. .
*---- or quotations. A great saving i
T“a^ato”, 1 ^ n „?„ F .,ui?i.L I nd TABLE LINENS.—The Stock, aluo include
hv s i" . Clian / B . ot rc.idci.ce forced on the ^ • iwr d..ten ; Dmiicr Vapkiiis, al! line llai. from «s. il«L
I t " cm
w' 1 .'!’.. . < ' rc . ullir ' Dirt her ]*art iciiiar*. from I tinrpTfVPO
swsmsbi iss ffii&ssES'i tsstass :; s HEETLN6S -
gHEETIXGS.
M
33. Groat Piilteiie.v-*trcct, London
»i.ii MEDAL INVENTIONS KXIIIIlirin
GOLD MKDAL SOCIETY OP ARTS. p
AN0P0BTN8 for SALE at from 23 to 230 l
PIANOFORTES for HIRE.
I B. CRAMER and CO., 207 and 209
•* • Regent-street.London. W.,havo a choice selection «>f
"(•»nr.l. of Itw SECONDHAND timml. Oblique, Cottage and
S-piaru PIANOPORTXS and PIANETTES, by the great
maker*, at exceptionally low prices; also Fifty Church
CliuiidHT, Cliniiccl. and Cabinet Organs, Harmonium*. and
American Organ., either for cash, hy oaay pay incuts, or oil
>f l ho mo
Med i terra
vegetar 10 ;
u^Knglam
wlncii nift
r t
AS A fl
lay. Moll
CASIO,
ed by the
.and ; the
re-flnish and hand-made
the only sen-lwi
the bank
A* a WINTER RESORT. .1
auiMiig the winter »ixii>>im on
on account of it* climate, it*
elegant pleadiire* it has to •>
L SILVER MEDAI. has 1
■n.I CO., for “general u«n«
..•’ Price-Lists free oi
and Moorgate-strcct.
pLEYEL, WOLFF, and CO.’S PIANOS. S T * ^ 0 T H A R D RAILWAY,
*• EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR SALE OR HIRE. \ ,, SWITZERLAND.
Illustrated Lists Free. t.Ti„ m ?* 1 dir ® ct *J r »l*‘d. picmres-im-. and delightful route to
8 ole Agency, 170 ,New Bond-etreet, XT. Express from Luo rne, to Milan m eight h.»iir*.
-- - Stn,\ . " i! ,e .v , *'V. Ny Railway, from Artli
^ station, of the Got hard line. Throiigh.gning Sleeping-tars
K 00 SECOND-HAND PIANOS for SALE. I
17 Returned from Hire.
vsponding Railway dtatiu
Hleepi
rjftfety ivriKes.
1 . and at Cooks'
OHEETINGS.
p MAPLE an,I I'O.'R stack ,,f
1 ri*ti, St’ijfcti,up,I Ikirn-lcr LINK
|,lam ni.,1 twillol L'l/rro.V SHKKTIMis, 1-. o.iw'coiiiTiicici'v l
1,n< T «« 1 , r "l ,, >F ™a„ialti low. H,.n«.kcc|. r.
■liccrt.r,. ,1.1 well 1,1 (Vl'lcm.li tftetr atni-c. Canrrn,
lWM.ur I" 01 ' 11 ' SRet la, very alruou, at in. ad.
J-JOUSEIIOLD LINENS.
pOVSEHOLD LINENS.
T INENS.—A Complete Set for £8 13s. 9d.,
Aj r in.i.hna >>r Rlanltct,. vmlta, TMI.Ie l.inen Slteeta. 4e..
niitaltle f.ir a In,. „( eiKlit ruuiu».-MAULIi and UU.,
Luuilun. Unn-, aud Smyrna.
T INENS.—A Complete Set for £17 3s.,
T INENS.—A Complete Set for £28 12s. Wd..
Cari»lo'uc* ,,W ,0r a L " l,!,e of lwc,vc rooms. See special
MAPLE & CO.
jyjAPLE and CO.—OIL PAINTINGS.
^JAPLE and CO—WATER COLOURS, j
QIL PAINTINGS by Known ARTISTS.
EXPRESS DAY SERVICE—Every Svcekday ;
, London —*
Victoria Station.
Monday, Bept. 17 li'si l a.m.
8SS8W,:S !!“ "
Thursday, „ a* 75
STuMiy, ::S IIS :
1 JAfilSirJSM"" tu l '," n ' * ,ul l«wV-U« Class, sad Class,
a i niiaiiie ror Return within one month .. £" 17 * rt 1.
Third Class Return Tickets (l»y the Night Service). 32 «.
nn A ih!.‘“ns‘® U g.^ t 1 />‘; ,,rn " u, di') , is Station lias i»ccn constructed
The Hrittany, Normandy, I*ans. and Rouen, splendid fast
JSS .** the passago between Newhaven
and Dieppe froqneotly in nl»«)ut 3 * hour*.
Train* run alongside Steamers at Newhaven and Dieppe.
« A L u ] I, . , “ n Drawing-Room Car will he run in the Special
Dny Tidal Tram each way between Victoria and Newhaven.
[?0R full particulars, see Time-Book, Tourist
P / 0 5 ram '" e »»<i Handbills, to ho obtained at Victoria,
London Bridge, or any other Station, and at the L.llowing
Draneh Olllce*. where Ticket* may alio. b e obtainedWest-
mi nf,w Office, ».Regcnt^ircus. Piccadilly, and a. Grand
and Co.dc'■ Imf^Vlirrrm! oXe 1,1 * S As * ncy ' s
(By Order) A. Haiii.k, Secreta ry and General Manager.
BAT EASTERN RAILWAY.
SEASIDE.
accelerated and PAST SERVICE of TRAINS is now
„...ng to YARMOUTH. Lowestoft,Clarion-on-Se*, Wmlton-
RjJ^^'UrtMldebiirgh, Felixstowe, Soiith-
.w»...--„rd*h f ailtn?i Fri<IV or 8 alunta J r *° Tuesday
HEAP DAY iVjp'toTHE SBASIDK.-ToClactnn-on-
‘ ixe.and Harwich. Daily, leaving Liver|K*»l-
m Sunday*, *.23 a.iu.on Monday*,and 7.aa.in.
Fuji Part icuinrs *ee Bills.
Wm. Bibt, General Manager.
G R
rum.in,-
on-Naze
wold. Hi
Ticki
Rea, WaTt'i
on other da?
For PiiJI I.
London, sept.,
T T A L I A N
West Brompton, Ea
HIS MAJESTY the KING of ITALY.
HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS^hoTttOWN PRINCE of ITALY.
IT A LI AN St V Li*fl l R E,‘ P A INTI NUS.** m| K KMifSTR IES.
At 4 and Kin. Daily, Wet «»r Dry.
ROME UNDER TIIK EMPEROR TITUS,
Dll I he " WILD WEST” ARENA.
Muguihceut Reproduction of tho
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
X ILLUMINATED GARDEN FETE EVERY EVENING.
Neapolitan Maudoliiusi* and Sorrento Singer*, daily.
\ 7 U L. 1 oAifC/.—of LONDON 1 . r r-o r, * ror, « -~ I PAIAILYUS by Knonm ARTISTS
A I ?" I,ES " BAIJ ' S —^Grand Hotel Europe. ! ' '
^ ■ ■:..^ ! 2“ PA,: ' T,S0Sn “-‘“■
■yyATER COLOURS by Known ARTISTS.
ITALIAN
-7- Admission to the K:
daily.
ff5R^J2aas,st®saMs D’spr.w' “■•«*■
gjSaB SSSgsr?
THESE PIANOS consist of Pianettes, ! UJENEVA.—Hotel and Pension Belle Yuc.
THOMAS OE TMAKS .ad CO.. Jt. ttakdr-Mr,^.. | — __ ^-JFASSArTMauy.frmmi.lor.
annual ! LJK^5^7;SSfSlSr
At-f£c’ U h p ’ blU'dratod Catalogues and Li»tj, j_ Ha emeu Fukuks, Proprietor*.
EXHIBITION.
ition.lt. Open io a.m. to 11 p,m.
l-NCKNT A. APPLIX, Secretary.
TRISH EXHIBITION, ~
QLYMPIA, KENSINGTON.
PRODUCTS and MANUFACTURES of IRELAND.
IRISH ARTS anil A NTIQUITIES.
0|>cn 9 a-m. to II p.m. Adrolarlon, ONE SniLUNO.
lUirnu..! m ... „ . ,. , , Eicnrsiona Iroiu all |«n»uf England, Ireland, Scotland,and
lYI APLE and CO.—Oil Paintings and Water " al,s -
r T i ‘-.'l"i‘ r * I'y Known anil Itidu g Arti.l” There arc now !
Y^ATER COLOURS by Rising ARTISTS.
S‘7* , ' l >’*’ 1 .. "f, 1 innm r.m* gailerio*. and are ..ffer^ at I EPIITHAH’S VOW, by Edwin Loni? RA
! THU OALLEIilES.IM, Now Rond-
T^JAPLE and CO.-English Chime CLOCKS, j * “ .. “ ..*
I0MA9 OETZMANN and Cu„ B, BakcMlrcet, London, W.
£ IW i PIANOS, £14; PIANOS, £ Hi.
"-I rrno 0 *'^.'.'^:."r^ '■'*'*“*
Thomas oetemann and
piAXOS »t NOMINAL PRICES - The
Thomas MtWV and to.,J7. Bnkrr-Mrncl. London, W.
X H °M AS OETZMANN and CO.,
__ »• RAKER-STREET. ’
D'US,„ and CO.’S PIANOS AND
Wetiou* to nJj Hale
warranty
,4.
guineas.
Claw 2.mfiunwia!' pi?!? i‘ 5 K,l,n,-a «- Ulft*s 7, 40 gmti
E.C, (E.t.l,fl,M",'^.a..^ ° <lul1 - "■ Fiaahury. wl «.
JPisVuR CREST and WHAT
*■-Hartm-.lana , '“ , 0 , *" lKI “™-«rMt(oirna' r ot
a?!7 (dfnr Bo,“if '•»
wKJ r *MFfiSarM.’iTSJASd'l!,* , 8 , ™P. *nd .M Vh.l
jy^APLE and CO.—Dining-room CLOCKS.
j^JAPLE and CO.—Drawing-room CLOCKS.
-W _ t.T, T ,.... , - .11 ■—ariawiug-room OAiUkrlVO.
Au A "s"’ s’ltiluZ'.J^fyarta' 0,0 .™nl! „m,t halnofa! I .ilr,anj. r “>,l5?d tS“.® ollCCtlo “ tU ' Kl "*doui. Clock, ill
and h£ »Il"n",lirD liupn'rlmm'ta'av*' c'm'l "!r\ '"linn. l Tj"o|.iece,»ill, l-.It inn.cd hue*.. TJ '«
light In .eory room. Residence of Enirli.l, Cli,i,,lain. llawn I UlJtr! -m wm Tin,f|,wee, with ninrhl.
8o"ir.cU."Sr,' t «rlJ u ‘nn‘ , .^ ,,, ‘ :cu '“ ,nu “' c * l '>'“ »'“* “■# HAInl A„„b' ean't Cluck/w^l, ala., .hollo. ,1,,’; ;; V, S
M ALVERN IMPERIAL HOTEL. — The 1
» f,otcl di.trict. Excellent aituntii.n.
Replete
ro»in«. Mpicnoui v:
wich Urine Baths.
c ii ry pendulum
More than lorn to select from, at prices from
guinea*. No such display in the world. Most *i,....., v
Complimentary, Wedding.aud Birthday Presents. The largest
A *-orriiieiit in England. Many of the Clock* on show arc very
beautiful, and mninbje for presentation. All are guaranteed.
Ati inspection invited.
COMPLIMENTARY PRESENTS.
■yyEDDING PRESENTS.
r.000 SILK UMBRELLAS. 2s. 6d. each, direct ’ ’
Sdk' r pAT ! t KPrra n n f f, C, " r '’Vi'-"i' l l."' " r «»»'•''’'“'n or Twill (’OMPLIMEXT A RY AND WEDDINl
and *,,,omIt^^M,ck».' I'nrccl Roa' r frce'f,. o t . l / l 3a y ,.a A “ I ^ I’UESENTH Iroin Ono Guinea to Aloa
IliS,taring" Ac?.''Se™r“l” ' donailf r'' rARKBufuiubrelhi i J^JAPLE and CO.—BRONZES.
Works, Broom Close. ShcOleld. I ^
ri^HE VALE OF TEARS.—DORE’S Last
l -* Great PICTURE, eoinideteda few day* before he died
NOWON VIEW at I lie Drill Ii G A LLEU Y. »No wBon d-*fri« ’
with Ins other g reat Picture*. Ten to Six Daily. One Shilling.’
WALKER'S CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES.
rediiced A iriecs sent*fri c on'a* ^lican J r , 1,tchcB a,,u Clocks at
nt jmi^^VALKKR^raj^lini’a nd flO. Regent-street.
o j (QHATTO and WINDUS’S NEW LIST.
*° ‘ NEW JULEft-VERNE-LIKE STORY OF ADVENTURE.
A STRANGE MANUSCRIPT FOUND IN A
COPPER CVUNDER. With n. Fi.ll-pngc Illustrations
by Gill«rt Gaul. Crown avo, cloth extra, 5*.
A VOLUME OF STARTLING DETECTIVE STORIES."
T HE MAN HUNTER. Stories from the
A Note-Book of a Detective. By DICK DONOVAN. Post
8 vo, iHum rated txiard*, 2s.; cloth, 2s. tid.
THE PASSENGER FROM SCOTLAND-
A YARD. By II. P. WOOD. Fourth and Cheaper Edition,
rjOLDEN HAIR—Robarc’s AUREOLINE
priMluces the beautiful guhleti colour so niucli admired.
Warranted iH-rfcetly barmle**. Price 5*. «d. ami io*. «d.. <.f nil
‘i 1 ‘"fi* * , . ,d UhemiHK tbrnugboiit the w..rld.
Agents, It. Hot ENDEN and SONS. .11 and 32, Uerncr*-s(. W.
stylos,
_...g pur-
ha* been
(JOCKLE’S
^NTIBILIOUS
P
TfAPLE and CO—BRONZES.
A magnificent show of Bronze*, in th
in ^^nlyciiromc, Ivory, Barliedi
made in this branch of industry?*
A I APLE and CO.-ORNAMENTAL CHINA.
Wf* III tin. Iliieiriminl will 1,0 found a Huperhcollection.
•hiding SaiKUtna,
’ will »>c found
d, Hungarian,
:tora wili And
. - . ..rice* that will
faviuiraidy With any other house in the world.
M A I LL and C<»., Toiienham-court-road, London; also at Pari* ,
I^OR M A IMIS’S SAKE ; A Tale of Love
t» ,! ln ^ D ?. n * mit «; 1 By GRANT ALLEN. Author of “The
Devil * Die, Ac. Cheaper Edition, crown avo, cloth extra,
of the v
I C. ii I port, berhy, Doulton. Wnreewl R CU|n ,
| Dresden and Vienna. Connoisseurs and coll
Va-e.*, Ac., of exouiKitc dial*- and colour, at
, ouupare favourably with any other house
* ‘ and CO., Toilenham-court-road, Londi
TN EXCHANGE FOR A SOUL; A Novel.
A By MARY L1NSKILL. Cheaper Edition, post svo. illus¬
trated hoards, it. ’* ’
rpHAT OTHER PERSON; A Novel. Br
A Mm. ALFRED HUNT. Cheaper Edition, post »vo. illu*-
t rated imards, 2 a.
nOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
^ FOR LIV
pOCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR BILE.
pOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR INDIGESTION.
POCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR HEARTBURN.
■pLORILINE. For the Teeth and Breath.
eienniVliS W. L i qu,d ^“HWceln the world : it thoroughly
ixtrfiallj’-decayed teeth from all i«rasites or living
r.Ti , " " 1 . l' cnri > ".limning a deligbt-
th ® ,,realh - The Fragrant Florilfne remove*
* ri,in F f . ro, r. a ,oul •t°m*ch or tobacco
smoke : being partly conii>osed of honey, soda, and extracts of
plan L*’ jt i« perfectly delicious to the taate,
rf V ld b y Chemists and Per/umor*
everywhere, at s*. ed. per Bottle.
TilBLE CHARACTERS ; Stndies of David,
Nelu miah, A c. lly the late CHARLES REA DK
D.C.L., Author of “ ll Is Never Too Late To Mend." Fc-|i m ol
. ^eathcrettcM*. __ [BfaWtlyJ
I’XrLK SAM AT HUMU Bv HAROLD
A 1 DRY DOES. With V) Illustrations. Post «vo, Hlus-
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r PHE HORSE AND HIS RIDER : An
f Anecdotic Medley. By “THORMANBY.' Cn.wn mvo.
cloth extra, e*. [Shortly.
London: Chatto and Wixdcb, Piccadilly, W.
]y EW AND POPULAR NOVELS;
THE YOUNGEST MISS GREEN. By F. W. ROBINSON.
^s^^ssssissS rn L^Pl K £?L l ^i c W'™ «■»»».
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TI T APLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special __
^'1 Appointment to her Majesty the ynccn. The repo- ^ MODERN DLLILAH. Bj VERB CLAVERING.
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Islington, Ac.—Totteuhaiu-court-road, London; Paris, and
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MAPLE <& CO.
pURNITURE for EXPORTATION.
H undreds of thousands of pounds’
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VISITORS as well as MERCHANTS are
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3 vol*.
NINETTE.
“ VtTa£J‘ Blue R*
Myll of ProYonce. By tho Author of
—-J Rose*," Ac. 1 roL, crown avo,6a.
idou: Huuar and Black*tt, Limited.
32 G
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
»EPT. It, 1888
I
THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION.
The annual meeting of the British Association for the Advance¬
ment of Science began on Sept. .*» at Bath with an address from
the president of the year, Sir Frederick Bramwell. In this ho
maintained that whatever contributions civil engineers have
made to past science by original research, they have by their
applications of scientific discoveries done much to advance
science, the discoveries in science and the applications of
science acting and reacting upon each other. In these ap¬
plications success had attended the civil engineer mainly
because of his attention to small things. The gradual intro¬
duction of prime movers to supplant the muscular power of
man or beast was described as the greatest feat in our civilis¬
ation since the introduction of printing by movable type. The
prodigies performed by the steam-engine were referred to ;
but Sir Frederick prophesied that its place would be taken by
some more economical form of heat-engine driven by com¬
bustion of gas or petrolenm vapour. The impulses given to
engineering by the improvement in the making of steel were
also dwelt upon.
The eight sections sat on the 6th, the beet attended being
Hi:.- "t Mechanical Science, where, after the opening addressby
Mr. Proece on ‘‘The Applications of Electricity to Mankind’s
Needs," Colonel Gourand described Edison’s phonograph, the
audience being greatly delighted with its reproduction of the
human voice in speech and song ; and Mr. Edmunds read a
paper on the graphophone. In the Economical Section Lord
B ram well's address, read by his brother, upheld the lahsrz
farm doctrine in political economy, and condemned legislative
intermeddling with property and contracts ; in the Geograph¬
ical Section Sir C. Warren treated on the means of extirpating
tho slave-trade in Africa ; in the Geological Section Professor
Boyd Dawkins spoke of the impossibility of measuring geo¬
logical time in years; Professor Tilden discoursed to tho
Chemical Section on the need of concentration and thorough¬
ness in study ; Mr. Thiselton Dyer addressed the Biological
Section on the rise of botany from an elegant accomplishment
to a serious study ; and Professor Fitzgerald addressed the
Physical Science Section.
On the 7th, Mr. G. W. Hastings, M.P., presided in the
Economic Section, whero Professor Sidgwick gave an
address on the current conceptions of State Socialism. Pro¬
fessor Foxwell read a paper on the tendency of competition to
result in monopoly, and said that all the most characteristic
tendencies of the age favoured the growth of monopoly. Mr.
B. Shaw treated of Social Democracy, and considered the
municipalisation of urban rents, the speedy nationalisation of
the land, and the abolition of the House of Lords to be fast
approaching. There was a long discussion. Sir John Lubbock
entertained a large audience in the Zoological Department
with accounts of the habits of solitary bees and wasps. In
tho Physiological Department, Professor Roy read a paper in
favour of wearing waist-belts and stays, which gave rise to an
animated discussion. Sir Charles Wilson again presided over
the Geographical Section, where some interesting papers were
read.—At night, Professor Ayrton gave a popular address on
the subject of the electrical transmission of power.
On Saturday, Sept. 8, the weather being fine and several
excursions having been arranged to places of interest,, tho
sections were somewhat thinly attended. In the Chemistry
•Section the report of the committee on chemical education was
presented and discussed at some length. In the Anthropo¬
logical Section the Rev. B. Danks and Rev. R. H Codrington
described the marriage customs of people in the Eastern
Archipelago and Polynesia. Sir-John Lubbock. MiP., discoursed
to working men in the prill Hall on the “ Mental Condition
and Ideas of the Savage Races.’’
The services at the Abbey and other principal churches
were all folly attended on Sunday. At the Abbey, the Rishop
of Sydney (i)r. Barry) preached in tho morning, and the Rev.
r>r. Tristram in the evening : at St Mary’s, Bathwick, the
Rev. Hayes Robinson : at St. Miohael’s, the Rev. T. J. Bonney,
Professor of Geology at the London University ; and the
Venerable Archdeacon Browne, of Madras ; tho Bishop of
Nelson, at St. Andrew's; and at tho Octagon Chapel, where for
many years the first Herschell was the organist, Prebendary
Davis, of Cullompton, was the preacher.
There was a great deal of activity shown in the sections on
Monday, the 10th. In the Geographical Section a paper was
read ori the condition of Central Africa, Bechnanaland, tho
Transvaal, the Cameroons, Tunis, and South Morocco. In the
course of the discussion, Sir Charles Wilson, Sir Francis do
Winton, and the Rev. John Mackenzie agreed from their
A f rican experiences in thinking that there is not yet any canse
for alarm respecting Stanley. In the Economio Section, the
variations in the monetary standards, the use of index num¬
bers. and the amount of gold and silver in use as money and in
the arts were discussed. In the Technical Science Section,
various new applications of electricity to lighting and to other
purposes were described. In the Anthropological Section, pre¬
historic commerce, the early races of Western Asia, and dis¬
coveries in Asia Minor, occupied attention.—During the after¬
noon a large party of the members of the Association were
taken over the new baths by Major Davis. These baths incor¬
porate all the portions of the old Roman work which lies
beneath them.—Professor Bonney lectured in the evening at
the Drill Hall, which was densely filled. He dealt with tho
structural characters of the gneissic and schistose rocks of the
Laurentian and Huronian systems of Canada, and of the pre-
Cambrian period of the British Isles.
The sections were very busy on the ) 1th, which practically
saw' the conclusion of the Association’s work. One of the best
attended sections was the Economic Science Section, where a
discussion took place on the leasehold system in our towns,
and considerable support was given to the enfranchisement,
project. The industrial education of women was also dis¬
cussed. Mr. Isaac Pitman was heard in support ol his views
on spoiling reform. The Physical Science and Mechanical
Sections discussed the question of lightning-rods. The Chemical
Section had before it the action of light on water colours.—In
the evening there was a soiree in the Assembly Room.
The General Committee met at the Guildhall on the 12th
to receive the report of the Committee of Recommendations,
and the conclnding meeting was held in the Assembly Rooms ;
the Mayor entertaining a large party in the evening.
Professor Flower, director of the Natural History Museum.
South Kensington, has been elected president of the Associa¬
tion for the meeting at Newcastle-on-Tvne, beginning on
Sept. 1 next year : and an invitation from Leeds to meet there
in 18‘J0 has been accepted.
EARL AXD COUNTESS FITZWILUAM’S GOLDEN WEDDING.
There were great rejoicings at Wentworth Woodhonse on
Monday, Sept. 11, in celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of
the wedding day of Earl and Countess Fitzwilliarn. A garden-
party was given, to which about two thousand invitations
were issued to the tenantry and leading residents in the dis¬
trict. In the afternoon there was a gathering in the marble
saloon, when a series of presentations were made to the noble
Earl and Countess. The tenantry and friends at Wentworth,
to the number of three hundred, presented to the Countess her
portrait, by Herkomer. and an illuminated address. Tho
followers of the Fitzwilliarn Hunt presented to his Lordship a
picture of a hunting group in Went worth Park ; in it are
portraits of the noble Earl, Ladies Alice and Albreda Fitz-
william, and the first and second huntsmen. Presentations
were also made by the Magistrates of the West Riding, tlie
past and present officers of the Yeomanry Cavalry, the Cor¬
poration of Peterborough, and the inhabitants of Malton.
Our last issue coutains Portraits of the Earl and Conntcss
Fitzwilliarn, a two-page Engraving of Wentworth Woodhonse,
with many smaller illustrations of the historic building, and a
representation of the Fitzwilliarn Hnnt picture.
At Doncaster on Sept. 11 the Duke of Beaufort’s Button
Park won the Great Yorkshire Handicap Plate, Mr. .1.
Charlton’s Treasurer being second, and Lord Durham’s Drizzle
third. Mr. C. Perkins's Chitabob won the Champagne Stakes,
Mr. C. Archer’s Frapotel the Fitzwilliarn Stakes, Mr. Lcy-
bonrne's Goldseeker the Doncaster Welter Plate, Sir R.
Jardine's Sweetbriar the Clumber Plate, Mr. Abington’s
Master Bill the Glasgow Plate, and the Duke of Westminster’s
Rydal had a walk over for the Filly Stakes. On Wednesday
Lord Calthorpe’sSeabrceze won the St. Leger Stakes, Chillington
being second, and Zanzibar third. Lord Penrhyn’s Noble
Chieftain won the Bradgnte Park Stokes, and Mr. Leybourne’s
Goldseeker the Cleveland Handicap.
MARRIAGE.
On .Sept. 5, at Sr. Mary's Episcopal Church. Glasgow, by the Rev. K. E.
Ridgeway, Vicar: Sydney Barnet Hopkins to Olive, daughter of tho late
Thoutiis'B. Johns an. Esq., both of Jnmaica, West Indies.
DEATH.
On Sept, o. at Bttekden. M:\jor-l b urnt] Crompton Stanstlcld, of Eslioli
Hall, Yeadon. aged iltty-three.
•o’ The charge for the insertion of IHrthe, Marriage*, and Deaths,
is Flee Shillings.
Every yard bears the name “ LOUIS,” and
the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
quality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
Bhould write for Samples of the New Shades
to THOS. WALLIS and CO., Holborn-circus,
London, E.C., who snpply all shades and all
I ■ qualities at most reasonable prices.
By
Special
Royal
Appointment,
LOUIS”
VELVETEEN
LADIES’ DRESSES.
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
SPEARMAN
AND
SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH.
EXQUISITE DRESS MATERIALS
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
ECTURE
ASTRONOMY, by Mr. R. A,
WITH PER
Biography of W. 6 . Grace,
Perfume
A Dream of
Loveliness
l»nnTllA!T.
“A TREATISE ON CRICKET,”
By Dr. W. G. GBACE.
Hr. Grace's splendid piny at Lord's in l lent lemon v,
Australians give# additional interest and value to this
the Standard Work.
Price ONE SHIELING. by post. Is. 2d.
Of all Bookseller*, Bookstall*, and Athletic Pe|/de.
IL1FFE A SON, 98, FLEET-STREET,K.C\
IN..
Tlie highest fiste. best qualities and cheapest
price*. In Pare lVool only.
Order* arc Carriage Paid ; and any length 1* cut.
These beautiful Goods nre supplied to Ladies
themselves, net through Agents or Drapers.
INTER RESIDENCE in the ENG A DINE
London
CONSCIENCE MONEY.—The Chancellor of
BUY DIRECT FROM
SPEARMAN and SPEARMAN,
PLYMOUTH, DEVON.
JAst of Publicutit
i tt-frer upon Applicatif
:i b 3 . '. ':i
HE ILLUSTRATED PENNY ALMANACK
Now Ready. Tenth Edition.
CoSTKSTrt : Symptoms of Dys-
pep.«i;i niul Indigestion : SjwIhI
Advice ns to Diet and Kegimon :
Diseases Sympathetic; Nous for
Dy«|*'|iM<\s: Beverages. Air,
and Ventilation ; Particulars of
numerous Dyspeptic f.'a*o&. .Sent
for one stamp.
Address : Publisher. 46, Holbom
Viaduct, London. K.C.
QHEQUE BANK (Limited). Established 1873.
marluldo
Hefuland
j^IIIRTS.—FORD’S EUREKA.
tlt l "tit™” piiitus ECiinK*?.!!!!
UHIUTS.—FORD’S EUREKA SHIRTS.
Special to Mrt'iiri’.
Illustrated Self-measure post-free.
EFT OFF CLOTHES purchased by Mr.
HUMAN HAIR : Why it Falls Off
NppolllllIK*
Everybody
AYLOR’S CIMOLITF
LD SHIRTS Rcfronted, AVnst and Collar
funded, flue linen, three fords.. *]. : Extra
'.v*. vnliliriTaHi l.-si'v iImm-Ii. U.rwrnrd r.~clj for
auTiiiKe paid.—11. HOKD and CO.. 41. Poultry, London._
J^GIDIUS.—The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
A Hint never shrink in waMung, not if wnshed l>»t times;
nlc, Soft MSI Ik. two for Jin.; Extra Quality, two for 27*.
iagc free. Write for Patterns and Rclf-tm-asure to
MADE WITH BOILING WATER.
TAYLOlt,
'OWLE'S PENNYROYAL and STEEL
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
dNCOl.
STIES I>«
FOnD »Dd
OLLOWAY’S PILLS and OINTMENT.
. The Pills purify the blood, correct nil disorder* of t be
r, stoninch, kidneys. :»n«l bowel*. The Ointment is nn
lied in the cure of Imd legs,old wound*.gout.rlieuinntiHi
GIDI US. - GENTLEMEN S UNDER-
I VKST8. summer and winter weight, 32 to 4 h inrhc-
pat terns free
the Sole
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
Catalogue* free on application.
BAYLISS, JONES, & BAYLISS,
WOLVERHAMPTON.
London 0«ce k Show-Rooms: 139k lit, CANNjN-ST E.C.
h Pleasure 10 u «
UNPINS
PURE CONCENTRATED
Mr. HKNP.Y
£ 70 , 000 .
JENNER & KNEWSTUB, LIMITED.
lwvc piirclMm d the entire Block of a Diamond Merchant
»nd Manufacturing Jeweller to the value of
SEVENTY THOUSAND POUNDS,
consisting of magnificent
STARS, TIARAS, NECKLACES, BRACELETS.
BROOCHES, SOLITAIRES,
EARRINGS, PENDANTS, §CARF PIN8,
GEM RINGS, &c.,
which they nre selling at TTALF-PR1«*E, thus affording an
unprecedented opportumt^for making ad vnntagcous
An inspection of this extremely cheap find very beautiful
collection is most respectfully incited.
JENNER fic KNEWSTUB,
to Her Majesty the Queen and T.U.H. the Prince ami
Princess of Wale*.
33, ST JAME88-STREET, and 66. JERMYH-STREET, S.W.
KROPP
complete.
Handle
Aak your Grocer for a Sample, gratis.
REAL GERMAN HOLLOW-GROUND
in nil Dealer*, or ^
•eeially ndap 1
Str Charles .[
digestive
At. 51. Frith*
■ MHIunre, Londi
ROBINSON and CLEAVER’S
CAMBRIC POCKET
HANDKERCHIEFS.
ROBINSON l CLEAVER’S LINEN
Constipation and Piles. The i
easiest to take. 40 in a phial. Pure
[ and do not grip*>i cr purge, bnfc by
action please nil who use them’.
1656. Standard Pill of the United
phials nt is. l*d. bold by nil Chet
by post.
Illustrated pnmphlet free. Br
46, Holbom Vinduct, London, E.C.
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
COLLAR.* : Ladles*i-fold, from *•.«. per
dot. (Jem s 4-fold, from 4*. 114. per dot.
CCPFS for Ladies. Gentlemen, nod
Children, from 4-. »I4. per out.
Price Lists nnd Samples, post-free.
ROBINSON l CLEAVER,BELFAST.
Samples and Price-Lists , post-free.
Jhildrru* ..IS | Hemstitched s.
Ladles . ■ •-* I] Ladies' .. - tt.j
ROBINSON l CLEAVER, BELFAST.
328
THE ILLUSTEATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 15, 1888
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
AUTUMN and TRAVELLING
DRESSES.
QLOAKS, COSTUMES, fte.
EMBROIDERED ROBES, in
Cjwhmcro, Cloth, &c. fromJEl 15 0
VELVET VELVETEENS, Coloured and
Black . per yard 0 1 6
All-Wool FRENCH CASHMERES and
MERINOS. per yard 0 111
COSTL'ME CLOTH, 43 In. wide, All Wool,
per yard 0 2 9
Kavy Blue YACHTING SERGE, All Wool,
very wide. per yard 0 I 0
•KTEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS,
^ from 42s. to 63s.
NEW Tlght-Flttlng ULSTERS, with Capes
from 52s. 6d. to £4
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, In New Designs
from 33s. Oil. to 6 5 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, New Patterns. In
Mackintosh .. .. from 17*. 6d. to 3 3 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, Lined Silk, Quilted,
and Trimmed Fur .. .. from 63s. to 9 9 0
KHIGHTcFTHEORDcROFLEOPOLDofBE LGIUM \x
*Y \ KNIBHTofTHELEBIOHofHONOUB / »
Light-Brown CopLivehOilI
THE PUREST, THE MOST PALATABLE, THE MOST DIGESTIBLE. AND THE MOST EFFICACIOUS
IN CONSUMPTION, THROAT A FFECTIONS, AND DEBIL ITY OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN.
SELECT MEDICAL OPINIONS
■REIGE, Serge, and Fancy-Cloth
" COSTUMES.fp.inJCl 5 8
Fine Habit-Cloth COSTUME3, nppllquA in
various designs, great novelty .. from 3 3 0
Cashmere COSTUMES, Trimmed Plain, Stripe,
and Chock Silk, or Velvet .. .. from 2 18 6
CHILDREN’S COSTUMES, in Real Devon¬
shire Serge.0 0 11
CHILDREN'S Silk and Faney COSTUMES,
from 0 18 11
CHILDRENS JERSEY COSTUMES (fifty
designs) .from 0 5 11
OILKS, SATINS, VELVETS, ftc.
W 200 Pieces Coloured Brocaded SATINS,
suitable for Tea-Gowns, very rich .. per yard £0 4 6
330 Pieces Rich Coloured FAILLE
FRANCAISE . i*or yard 0 4 II
Extra Rich BROCADES, suitable f.r Court
Trains and Bridal Wear .. per yard 0 7 11
PATTERNS and Illustrations
A post-free.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
UMBRELLAS*
[ S.FOX&^Limited I
Lr PATENTEES&S01E MANUFACTURERS 0FAIL?1
^STERLING IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FF
sJfolPE MAaS%^,
SAMUEL FOX & Co., LLmLted, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided Improvements (protected by
Letters Patent) which Rive increased
Stability and greater Neatness to tho
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
facture the Steel specially lor all
their frames and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferior
makes.
MELLIN'S
KOIt INFANTS AND INVALIDS.
FOOD.
The BEST REMEDY for INDIGESTION.
CAMOMILE PILLS
INDIGESTION.
See Testimonial, selected from hundreds
“ Croydon, 1885.
“ Having been a suffererfrom Indigestion
for many years, I am happy to say that /
have at last not only been relieved but
perfectly cured by using Norton's Pills,
and confidently recommend them to all
suffering from the same.
WlLKTXSOlf.”
For other Testimonials, see Monthly Magazines.
Bold Everywhere, price U, lfcL, 2*. 9d n and II*.
London : Printed and Published at tho Office,
Sir HENRY MARSH, Bart., M.B.,
Physician in Ordinary to the Queen in Ireland.
“Iconsider Dr. Db Jongh’r Light-Brown Cod-Liver
Oil to be a very pure Oil, not likely to create disgust, and
a therapeutic agent of great value.”
Dr. EDGAR SHEPPARD,
Professor of Psychological Medicine , King’s College.
“Dr. Dk Joxgh’x Light-Brown Cod-Liver Oil has the
mre excellence of being well borne and assimilated by
stomachs which reject the ordinary Oils.”
Sir G. DUNCAN GIBB, Bart., M.D.,
Physician to the Westminster Hospital.
“ The value of Dk. Dk Joxou’h Light-Brown Cod-Liver
Oil as a therapeutic agent in a number of diseases,
chiefly of an exhaustive character, has been admitted
by the world of medicine.”
Dr. SINCLAIR COCHILL,
Physician to the Hospital for Consumption , Ventnor.
“ In Tubercular and the various forms of Strumous
Disease, Dr. Db Jon on's Light-Brown Oil possesses
greater therapeutic efficacy than any other Cod-Liver Oil
with which I am acquainted.”
Sold ONLY in Capsuled Imperial Half-Pints, 2s. 6d.; Pints, 4s. 9d.; Quarts, 9s.; by ail Chemists and Druggists.
Sole Consignees ANSAR, HARFORD, &. CO., 210, High Holborn, London, W.C.
CAUTION.—Resist mercenary attempts to recommend or substitute Inferior kinds.
The Ball-Pointed Pena never scratch nor 'jU,
\ spurt; they hold more ink and last longer. At
spurt; they hold more Ink and Inst longer.
| Six Borts-fine, medium, broad-6d. and Is. per box.
_ The “Federation" Holders not only
(prevent the pen from blotting, but give n
Arm grip. Price 2d., 4d., and 6d.
Assorted Ror of 30 Pens for Is. Id., or with
ebony Hosier for Is, 6d.—of all Stationers ,
or post-free from
ORNfidrONf* GLASS
EDINBURGH
SAMUEL BROTHERS.
BOYS 1 SCHOOL
OUTFITS.
Messrs. SAMUEL
BROTHERS have
ready for Immediate
use a very large assort¬
ment of Boys' nnd
Youths’ Clothing.
They will also
be pleased to send,
upon application, pat¬
terns Of MATERIALS
for the wear of Gentle¬
men, Boys, or Ladies,
together with their
Catalogue of Fash¬
ions, containing about
300 Engravings. This
furnishes details of the
various departments,
with Price-Lists, Ac.,
and is a useful Guide
to Fashionable Cos-
,, -om/xxT ,» turae for Gentlemen,
ETON. Boys, ami Ladles.
Messrs. Samuel Brothers’ “Wear-Resisting” Fabrics
(Reg.) are especially adapted for BOYS’ HARD WEAR.
SAMUEL BROTHERS.
Merchant Tailors, Outfitters, &c.,
65 & 67, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C.
BENHAM & SONS
CHIMNEY-PIECES, STOVES, TILES,
COOKING APPARATUS, KITCHENERS,
LAUNDRIES, LIFTS, ENGINEERING,
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, ELECTRIC BELLS.
WIGMORE-STREET, LONDON.
TIME-CHECKINC
NO OVER-PAYMENTS.
NO ERRORS.
NO DISPUTES.
ABSOLUTE ACCURACY.
GREAT ECONOMY.
CHECKS OVERTIME WORKED. .
Indicating, Counting, and Clock- |
work mechanism a specialty. 4-1
HOW MANY DO YOU WAKT TO CHECK I H
INVENTIONS PERFECTED. ^
PATENTS OBTAINED.
LEWELLAN MACHINE CO., BBISTOI.
L \v. C A BRA HAMSaUftlffl list<?r! ’ M '
CAUTION.
Bender’s Food differs on-
tlTBly from any other Food
obtainable. When mixed
with warm milk It forms a
delicate nutritious cream, in
which tho curd is reduced to
the same flocculent digestible
condition In which It exists in
human milk, so that hard in¬
digestible masses cannot form
in tho stomach.
It may be had of Chemists,
Ac., everywhere, or will he
forwarded free by Panel
Post direct from the Manu¬
facturers.
EXTRACTS.
“Mr. Benger’s admirable
preparations."— Lancet.
“ We have given it in very
many cases with the most
marked benefit, patients fre¬
quently retaining It after
every other food had been
•rejected.”—- London Medical
Record.
“ Onr medical adviser
ordered your Food: the result
was wonderful. The little
fellow grew strong and fat,
and is now in a thriving con¬
dition—in fact the ‘ Flower of
the Flock.’Private Letter .
CORPULENCY.
Recipe and notes how to harmlessly, effectually, and
rapidly cure Obesity without semi-starvation dietary,
&c. "Sunday Times” says;—"Mr. Russell's aim is to
eradicate, to cure the disease, and that his treatment is
the true one seems beyond all doubt. The medicine ho
prescribes does not lower but builds up and tones the
system .” Book. 116 pages (8 stamps).
F. O. RUSSELL, Woburn House,
27, Store-street, Bedford-square, London, W.C.
NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE to July, 1888, now rsady.
"T HE G™TR?nFM™ B P ERI0I) ”
HONOURS, PAI1IS, 1A7A; SYPNH V,'MTS; MELBOURNE 1«»;
EXPRESS RIFLES.
HENRY OK METFORD
RIFLING
GREAT ACCURACY
Coventry Machinists’ Co., limited
BY SPECIAL APPOINTMENT TO H.R.H. THE PRINCE OP WALES.
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'XlUD LONDON NEWS, Sep 1
W ,:r
i ,'v; '
1. Mr. Justice Day.
2. The President, Sir James Hannen.
3. Mr. Justice A. L. Smith.
Mr. George Lewis, Solicitor to Mr. Parnell.
Mr. W. Graham, Counsel lor the Times.
Sir Charles Russell, QIC., Counsel lor Mr. Pa
Cunynghame, Secretary to the Commission.
T. Quinn, M.P.
C. 8. Parnell, M.P.
OPENING OF THE PARNELL COMMIS8IO:
380
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
Some purists (who live in the West-End of London) have
expressed their contempt for the panic in Whitechapel, and
their indignation at the interest that is excited there by half
a dozen murders,committed by some uncultured person. They
are confident that an essay by Ruskin. or a poem by Browning,
would not be receive! just notv by an East-End public with
half the satisfaction it would derive from some information
about this malefactor. Of course these highly-educated and
elegant-minded individuals are quite right. But it sometimes
strikes one that there are people in the world who have not
enough of human nature about them. This is especially
noticcablo in small literary folk, and still more so in amateur
artistic circles. They are full of sympathy, but with only printed
matter, chiefly in verse, and with doubtful works on canvas,
on which they will dilate by the hour. They have apparently
had no experience of life as it is whatever, and only a nodding
acquaintance even with vice. Their language is like a pro¬
longed stammer, which the sanguine listener expects will
culminate in something worth hearing, hut which never does.
Humour, the disinfectant of Coarseness, they do not possess,
so that everything which is not delicate is coarse to them ;
while their nervous organisation is so “ highly strung " that
everything which is tragic is morbid. There are moments
(•‘ when we 've had onr wine, and say d—oanters ") in which
one is tempted to think that the dreadful person who reads
the police reports with gusto and says, “ Well, for my part, I
confess I like a good murder,” is preferablo to these ornaments
of society.
The device adopted of late by a negro minister of introducing
dramatic effects into his discourse has, as one would naturally
expect, more of therevival" in it than of novelty; it is, in fact,
only another form of the old “ miracle play," but it doubtless
makes a great impression. The Prodigal Son appearing in
prepriii perttmd out of the forest must have given a point to a
discourse upon that parable beyond the reach of eloquence,
though his indecent clamour for the fatted calf (before a word
had been said about it in his hearing) might, to less simple
natures, have suggested collusion. Unhappily, this is a sort
of surprise which will not bear repetition: “ What would you
say, my brethren, if at this very moment there should emerge
from yonder forest, spiritless, ragged, and emaciated from his
djet of husks, the Prodigal Son himself 1 Why, goodness,
gracious, there he it!" may do for once and away, but it
would be on his first appearance only that the performer could
make a success. In the case under consideration the experi¬
ment was rather expensive, for the Prodigal's hunger was far
from feigned. We have had nothing so realistic in Church
services in England for many a day ; the last instance of the
kind was one in which a Methodist minister, wishing to con¬
vince his congregation of the actual personality of the Father
of Evil, suddenly produced a black man from the pulpit, like
a Jack-in-the-Box. The cITeet was tremendous, but unsatis¬
factory : a few hardened sceptics laughed, while the others,
and all the faithful, went into fits.
Is it possible what the Jlai/irag Press has been telling us
of the cost of getting a railway Bill through Parliament can
be correct? That the Parliamentary costs of the Brighton line
were £4SOt) a mile, the Manchester and Birmingham £5190,
and the Black wall £14.414! And this, when many lines,
under favourable circumstances, themselves cost but £10,000 a
mile. To whom do these immense sums go? Is it to the
solicitors ? The solicitor's bill of one line mentioned by the
paper in question (though I do not name it here, because,
though doubtless true, it has the appearance of a monstrous
libel) “ contained 10,000 folios, occupying twelve months in
taxation, and amounted to £248,000 !" The solicitors, of
course, lay the blame upon the barristers. “ You have no idea,
my dear Sir, of the fees exacted by counsel in these cases”; but
it is for the shareholders, and eventually the public, who have
to pay for it all. John Bull is known to be the most patient
of all beasts of burthen—next to the ass; but when one con¬
siders how long he has put up with this wasteful and useless
expenditure, it strikes one that he is the ass itself.
There is no one who has fallen so much of late years in
public estimation as “ the Noble Savage." I can remember the
time when, thanks mainly to Fenimore Cooper, he was at the
very top of the tree. Our philosophers used to point to him
ns (with some trifling drawbacks, such as his fancy for wearing
false hair with the scalp attached to it) a model for civilised
man. Onr poets idolised him ; at the least cross (such as a
decrease in their circulation), they threatened to exchange
their famished lodgings in Mayfair for a wigwam in the
wilderness ; “ I will wed some savage woman ; the shall rear
my dusky race!" Even from the pulpit we were told that we
might learn much from the simple virtues of the savage 1
Then the Red Man, as the Laureate tells us, laughed and
danced abont his tree ; now, he is “ the Red Man and still"—
played out, exploded ; those who know most about him even
use the expression “ bust up.” The bull's-eye of the explorer
has been brought to bear upon him ; and those who imagined
that, whatever record leapt to light, the noble savage never
conld be shamed, have had reason to alter their opinion. )Ve
have long, in fact, known him for a lying cruel thief, much less
fitted to point a moral than adorn a tale ; but till lately we did
believe that he hail the merit of being unconventional—a
virtue which, since very few of us possess it ourselves, we are
inclined to estimate at a fancy price. And now, from the joint
testimony of Sir John Lubbock and Mr. Tyler we learn that
the X. S. is a martyr to convention, swathed in it as his squaw
swathes bis infant, so that he can move neither hand nor foot.
" When wild in woods the noble savage ran ’’ is a time, it seems,
that, socially speaking, had no existence. He never did run
alone, untrammelled by his mother's apron-string or his
wife's. For when he was married, he was leas his own
master than even an Englishman. Until a son was born
to him, his mother-in-lnw—though be had to live in her house—
never spoke to him. No wonder the savage tribes are dying out!
Of course he remained childless. If we had this system here,
half the letters in the Daily Telegraph about the results of
matrimony would never have been written. Then again, if
he was so imprudent as to have children, he was not allowed
to claim relationship to them ; his heirs were his nephews
and nieces. The attention shown to married uncles nnder
these circumstances must have been much greater than is
experienced among ourselves. To myself, who once believed
in the N. S., it is painful to pursue these revelations of the
professors of anthropology concerning him. I would rather
have learnt that my old friend with the philosophic air and
the expressive “ ugh," had had no existence than that he was
fettered with the same bonds as we are, with even less oppor¬
tunities of escaping from them. A chief might leave his
wigwam occasionally on pretence of going to a “ palaver,” but
it could never have been so good as a club ; while for the
inferior “ braves ” there does not appear to have been even the
refuge of a public-house; they had “ fire-water ” (which it is
no wonder they cottoned to, as a relief from the convention¬
alities), but they must have drunk it at home or (very un¬
comfortably) on the war-path ; no light from the hospitable
windows of “The Stake and Scalping-knife" ever tempted
them to spend their evenings “ out.”
“ Odd and even ” is not a game to which the energies of
even our sporting population have been much directed, but
nnder the name of “Fanton”it has so taken the fancy—
and more than “ the Fancy,” for it pervades all classes—of the
Chinese nation that it is prohibited by the Government under
pain of death. A donble handful of copper coins under a bowl,
with a couple of chopsticks to rake them ont fonr at a time,
are the simple ingredients of this gambling game. The only
peculiarity of it is that the bankers are always “ naked to the
waist ”—which is unusual in financial establishments in this
conntry. At this “amusement," we are told, the losers stake
their homes, their wires, their children, and eventually them¬
selves—with a spit or a small-sword.
The method of this madness seems childish in the extreme,
but your true gambler in all countries thinks the simplest and
quickest way to wealth the best. He prefers poker to whist,
and baccarat to poker, and “ the putting the pot on ” some
insignificant event, to be settled instantly, to anything. The
backing one drop of rain upon the window at “ White's ” to
reach the bottom of it before another for a thousand pounds,
and the same sum laid against the recovery of the man in the
fit—with the stipulation that no doctor should be sent for—fall
under this head. Some people seem to live only to bet. The
Lord Mountford who blew out what he called his brains
(doubtless for a bet) in 1755, was said “ to have reduced his
natural affections to the doctrine of chances.” When asked,
after his daughter’s marriage, whether an heir to the estate
was not expected, he replied, “ I really don't know ; I have no
bet upon it.” The most humorous story, perhaps, next to that
of “ the Jumping Frog," and one which has the advantage of
being a true one, is that of the caterpillar owned by a noble¬
man of the Regency, which, placed in the centre of a soup-
plate, he backed at odds to make its way off it more quickly
than any other caterpillar. It had not more legs than its
fellows, but somehow it always ran faster, and was the cheapest
racer that ever man kept. It was not until his Lordship had
won many thousand pounds that it was discovered that he
used to warm the plate.
In the end, however, even that sagacious nobleman did .lot
come out of his gambling transactions with anything to the
good ; and it is very, very seldom that such people do. When
luck is with them on the green baize they flourish, of coarse,
like green bays ; but when they come to grief, they do so
utterly. It is only a Marshal Bliicher who—if all stories of
the Occupation are true—can lose at rongc-et-noir with the
serene security of haring the Bank of Paris behind him ; and it
is but a very few who retire upon their laurels, or the fruit of
them. Colonel Panton, whose name is still borne by a rather
unfashionable London street, was one of these exceptions. He
was the proprietor of the gaming-honse called Piccadilly Hall
at the time of the Restoration, and in one night won as many
thousands as purchased him an estate of above £1500 a year.
“ After this good fortune,” says an annalist of the day, “ he
had each an aversion to all manner of games that he would
never handle cards or dice again, but lived very handsomely
on his winnings to his dying day, which took place in 1681.”
The incident is headed, with some stretch of charity, “A
Reformed Gamester.”
It is always a satisfaction to a journalist to know that a
word he has dropped in season (or even “ ont of the season ”)
has done good. He may be mistaken, of course, in supposing
that what he has written has had anything to do with the
matter ; but if so he errs in good company. I notice that even
the Little Pedthigtim Chraniele and the JhitanswUl Gazette
always attribute whatever happens on the Continent, and even
in Central Asia, to “ the advice we ventured to offer to the
Powers ” (to my mind a charming word, “ the Powers ") “ a
week or two ago.” I may be excused, therefore, for modestly
drawing attention to the fact that the remonstrance I addressed
to suicides the other day in connection with their habit of
anathematising those they leave behind them has already had
a good effect. A young gentleman, crossed in love, who took
a dose of oxalic acid last week, but who subsequently, I am
glad to say, was recovered, like Mr. Jingle's Spanish adorer,
by the stomach-pump, left this last testament (as he thonght)
behind him, instead of the usual malediction. ... “ Tell her
I thought of her to the last. . . . She was quite right in
giving me up. for I was not good enough for her. Tell her
from me that I hope she will get some real good young man
who is worthy of her.” He has been remanded “ for the
Chaplain's advice" ; but he doesn't seem to need it. I hope he
will find some real good young woman—with no acid about
her—and be worthy of her.
OPENING OP THE PxVRNELL COMMISSION.
The Special Commission of judicial inquiry, created by the
Act of Parliament last Session, to investigate and report upon
the charges and allegations made against Mr. Parnell and
certain other members of Parliament, and other persons, in
the trial of an action for libel brought by Mr. Frank O'Donnell
against the proprietors of the Timet, was opened at the Royal
Coarts of Justice, in the Strand, on Monday, Sept. 17. The
Commissioners, the Right Hon. Sir James Hannen, Judge of
the Divorce Court, Mr. Justice Day, and Mr. Justice A. L.
Smith, three Judges of the High Court of Justice, were present,
with the secretary, Mr. Cunynghame, sitting in the Probate
Court. The counsel engaged in the case sat in two rows of
seats, while the rest of the floor was occupied by newspaper
reporters ; and persons admitted only by ticket formed the
general audience, in the jury-box and in the galleries, so that
there was no crowding. Sir Charles Russell, Q.C., M.P., and
Mr. Asquith were counsel for. Mr. Parnell and many other
Irish members of Parliament, whose solicitor was Mr. George
Lewis. In the absence of the Attorney-General, Mr. W. Graham
appeared as counsel for Mr. J. Walter, M.P., chief proprietor of
the Timet, and for Mr. Wright, printer of the Timet, instructed
by Mr. J. Soames, solicitor. Mr. G. Kebbel. solicitor, watched
the case on behalf of Mr. Moser, late Inspector of the Criminal
Investigation Department of the Metropolitan Police. Mr. C.
S. Parnell, M.P., Mr. T. P. O'Connor, M.P., Mr. Quinn, M.P.,
Mr. T. Gill, M.P., Dr. Fox, M.P., Mr. Arthur O’Connor, M.P.,
and Mr. H. Campbell, M.P., formerly Mr. Parnell's private
secretary, were present.
The President of the Royal Commissioners, Sir James
Hannen, briefly stated the authority and scope of the inquiry,
observing that they had all the powers vested in the High
Court of Justice for the trial of any action, and would call
before them any persons whom they might think able to throw
light on the truth or falsehood of the allegations that hod
been made ; but they would hear that day such applications,
with regard to procedure, as might be submitted to them by
the parties interested in this inquiry. The counsel then stated
who were the parties for whom they appeared.
Sir Charles Russell first asked which party would be
expected to begin opening the case; and Sir James Hannen
said it was the opinion of the Court that the counsel for Mr.
Walter and the Timet should open the case, and should tondev
evidence in support of the charges that they had made, to
which the counsel for Mr. Parnell and others should reply.
Sir Charles Russell then applied for an order to allow his
side to inspect the original letters alleged to have been written
by Mr. Parnell and by Mr. Patrick Egan, formerly treasurer of
the Irish Land League, and to obtain photographs of those
letters, which, as he was instructed, were forgeries. This was
agreed to by Mr. Graham for the proprietors of the Timet.
having the letters in their possession.
The next application was for a general “ order of dis¬
covery," compelling them to reveal by affidavit all the
documents of which they were, or had been, in possession,
bearing on the charges at issue. Mr. Graham contended that
the Commissioners had no power, by the Act of Parliament,
to make such a general order, as his clients were not litigant
parties to an action in this case. Sir Charles Russell and
Mr. Asquith, however, maintained the contrary, and quoted
decisions of the High Court of Justice to show that the
Judges had this power. Much was said also of notices which
had been given to Mr. Parnell, Mr. T. Harrington, M.P.,
Mr. Justin M'Carthy, M.P., Mr. Biggar, Mr. Quinn, and others,
that they would be required to make a full affidavit of all
documents in their possession, “relating to the matters in this
Commission,” or belonging to the Irish Land League or
National League. The Commissioners retired for three
quarters of an hour to consult upon this question. On their
return into 'court it was further discussed until luncheon-
time ; after which, the Judges having again taken their seats
on the bench, Sir James Hannen announced their decision.
They held that they had power to order the persons who now
appeared at this inquiry to make a full discovery of all docu¬
ments that might be of use in getting at the truth, and they
would direct Mr. Graham’s clients, the proprietors of the
Timet, to prepare a schedule of all the documents in their
possession, and to present it before the inquiry was to be
resumed.
Sir Charles Russell’s third request of the Court was to
order that the proprietors of the Timet should set forth what
were the charges and allegations, and against what persons,
they intended to stand by, and of what they mean t to bring
evidence. Mr. Graham endeavoured to avoid this demand by
pleading that it was the Land League organisation, not any
particular persons, as individuals, against which the charges
were made ; and that it was the object of the Commission to
discover the individuals who were personally implicated. After
much debate on this point, Sir James Hannen said that Mr.
Graham's clients would Ire expected to particularise the
oharges ; but if they failed to do so it would be the duty of
the Commissioners to gather the particulars for themselves.
Mr. Graham said that his clients would do their best to carry
out his Lordship's view, but it would necessarily be a work of
great labour, involving much consideration, to frame specific
charges against every individual who might be implicated.
It was arranged that the next sitting of the Court should
be on Monday. Oct. 22, and that these particulars of the charges
should be furnished a week before that date.
Two other applications were made by Sir Charles Russell;
the first was to allow the evidence of Mr. Patrick Egan to be
taken in America by commission, instead of obliging him to
come to England. He is engaged in business ns a corn-
merchant at Lincoln, in the State of Nebraska, and is a State
delegate for the Presidential election towards the close of this
year. The application was considered premature, as the Court
thought he might attend here in person at a later time. It
was also requested that the Court should order the release of
Mr. John Dillon, M.P., from his imprisonment at Dundalk, on
his giving bail and promisirg not to speak at public meetings.
The Court signified that an order to this effect, not insisting
on bail, should be issued three or four days before Oct. 22. to
which date the sitting of the Court is adjourned. Mr. Dillon
has already been unconditionally released, on account of ill-
health.
No fewer than 350 ladies entered for competition at a
Beauty Show at Spa.
A fire broke ont on Sept. 17 on a wharf at Cardiff, where a
large quantity of petroleum was stored. The fire raged with
great violence, and destroyed two landing-stages and three
warehouses.
The quinquennial festival of the Royal Albert Asylum for
Idiots and Imbeciles of the Northern Counties was held on
Sept. 17 at Lancaster. The occasion was utilised for the
opening of the Winmarleigh Recreation-hall. A recreation-
hall for large assemblies of tho patients, combining a suitable
and commodious hall for the associated entertainments as well
as a spacious play-room for the use of the girls and junior
boys in inclement weather, had long been regarded as essential
to the Bmooth and efficient working of the institution.
331
SEPT. 22, 1883
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(/Yom out* ourn Correspondent.')
Paris, Tuesday, Sept. 18.
The Republicans arc rejoicing over the success of the journey
of M. Carnot in Normandy, which is all the more important as
the Normans are prudent and conservative people, who do not
pive themselves away readily. From the many speeches made
by the local authorities in presence of M. Carnot it is to be
gathered that the Normans demand concentration of the
Republican forces against the attacks of Cmsarism and Dictator¬
ship and 1 the maintenance in France of a strong practical
Government. The re-opening of Parliament is fixed for
the beginning of October, and the idea is that M. Carnot
will hope to see the Floquet Cabinet overthrown early in
the Session, whereupon he will form an Opportunist
Ministry, obtain the dissolution of the Chamber and get the
general elections over well before the opening of the Universal
. Exhibition. M. Floquet, it appears, is rapidly approaching the
end of his tether, for, in matters of Ministers as in matters of
rulers, the French nation resembles a servant who is always
wanting to change masters, and no sooner has it a new master
than it begins to criticise, find fault, and finally ridicule.
M. Floquet has entered upon the phase of ridicule, and then,
ns people say, “ 11 est si peu Parisien.” And to be a Minister
in France a man must be a “ Parisian." What all this means
it would be bard to say ; bnt it is so, and probably will always
remain so. France is an easy prey—if there were only a man
strong enough to seize her.
In spite of the warm summer weather the theatres are all
reopening their doors, and the critics are being summoned
to judge the new pieces. The Odeon has opened with
an adaptation of Dostoievsky’s famous novel, “ Crime et
Chatiment." In this long book Dostoievsky presents with
prodigious subtlety the sentiments and sufferings of Russian
souls ravaged by Nihilist doctrines, and with minute
psychological analysis dissects the slender and manifold threads
by which these seeming madmen are still connected with
ordinary life and humanity. Unfortunately, it is impossible
to retain on the stage the many details of the novel,
and the consequence is that the characters appear wild,
improbable, and, therefore, uninteresting. The seven
tableaux of this sombre melodrama are curious; they
provoke the same sensations as a lugubrious waxwork show ;
but we do not feel any interest in the half-crazy student
Rodion, who preaches the doctrine of justifiable assassination,
carries out his doctrines on the person of an old money-lender,
apes Hamlet, feels remorse, and finally gives himself up for
punishment. M. Paul Mounet, however, has made an admir¬
able creation out of the student Rodion; his acting is very
fine, and suffices to classify him amongst the remarkable
contemporary French actors.
The French follow with great interest the news from
Afriea concerning Stanley, Emin Pasha, and the various
schemes of European occupation, the more so on account of
Cardinal Lavigerie’s anti-slavery campaign. At the request of
the Cardinal and of M. Goblet, the .Minister of Marine has
ordered all French war-ships in African waters to chase the
slave-ships, especially if they carry the French flag. There is
talk of organising a big volunteer military force, with a view
to a humanitarian expedition in Central Africa, and several
ardent Churchmen are trying to induce Cardinal Lavigerie to
issue an appeal for men and arms. Meanwhile, a Societe
Frauyaise Anti-Esclavagiste has been formed, with a number
of eminent public men as members of the council.
Germany, Denmark, Montenegro, Sweden, and Turkey are
at present the only European countries not represented at the
Universal Exhibition. According to the definitive calculations
now made, foreign countries will occupy at the Exhibition of
1389 more than 100,000 square metres of space—a larger area
than in 1878. The preparations are advancing rapidly, and
all kiuds of marvels are being prepared to attract all the
world to this World’s Fair next year. The Eiffel tower has
now reached more than half its projected elevation. A curious
detail: a manufactory has been established specially in order
to make paper-weights, candlesticks, medals, penholders, and
various “souvenirs" out of the waste bolts and fragments of
iron that are picked up at the base of the tower.
Last week Paris boasted seven centenarians, five women
and two men. By the death of Mdlle. Flore le Thuillier, in
her hundred and first year, this number is reduced to six. This
lady, who has been living for the last thirty years in the Rue
Chariot, was a favourite pupil of the botanist Linnmus, had
Jived in interesting literary and political society under the
tonsulate, the Empire, and the Restoration, and was altogether
a cultivated and distinguished person. In her younger davs
she placed a sum of fiOUOf. in a tontine of two thousand sub¬
scribers, and being the sole survivor during the past twenty-
hve years, Mdlle. le Thuillier was in receipt of an income of
more than £12 a day. For a long time this old lady had
suffered from heart disease.
M. Isidor, the Grand Rabbi of France, died last week at
e age of seventy-five. An Alsacian, a strong 1 orator, a man
ot great authority, and universally respected in France, 31.
“i^iT aS i»*. CC f of the oE Honour. He will be suc¬
ceeded by M. Zadok Kahn, Grand Rabbi of Paris.
On the occasion of the anniversary of the battle of Valmy, M.
i am Ueroulede, and about a thousand members of the Patriots’
^Sne, placed wreaths around the pedestal of the Belfort
ion at Paris. The patriots summed up their demands in two
phrases: Revision of the Treaty of Frankfort” and “Revision
th.» V>“ ion , of Versailles"; and gave their creed in
- —- oi Versailles ; r
three cries. “Vive 1’Alsace Lorraine
Vive la Republique! ”
“ Vive la France!
Two congresses were opened simultaneously at Venice on
oepc. to—one of literary men and artists, and the other of
meteorologists. Speeches of welcome were delivered by the
had J” 1 and it; was Announced that King Humbert
had consented to become the patron of the congress.
th» r e Q uee ndli“gent of Spain has signed a decree granting
■J? ®? lde “ FI «^® to the Duke of Edinburgh. The decree
Ml^^ftheOrfe'r 06 ° f ^ ale * 10 inTCSt the Duke with thc
nr,.i r l,! fle .v hs< ‘!' ce of the Ki “g, who was not well enough to be
orwifwi’k iL^ e S lon °* fche Netherlands .States-General was
fmm Prime Minister, Baron Mackay. The speech
NutWi 6 P 1 rone. a *ter announcing that the relations of the
pUvani dS w , foreign countries were of the most friendly
! P roc ^ed e d to state that the condition of the national
taxai^n satisfactory, and that no increase of
taxation would be necessary.
of *1 ^ >e ^ an the German field-manoeuvres of the corps
exmSL * and Arm y Corps, following up the
advance weelc * The Third Army Corps made an
wifch object of attacking the
Aftpr n w de f en(iin g force being the Regiments of the Guard,
in ylJ., engagement the attack was repulsed, the Emperor
com ? ia ? din ff the retreating troops. Favoured by a
-ogn m . nce °f the splendid weather, the sham-fighting was
on Sept. 18. The Emperor himself commanded the
Third Corps, and entrusted the conduct of the manoeuvres in
general to Field-Marshal Moltke's successor, Count Walder-
see. The sixty-first annual meeting of German scientists and
surgeons—an institution corresponding in some degree to the
British Association—met on Sept. 18 at Cologne.
The Emperor of Austria called upon the Prince of Wales
on Sept. 12. In the afternoon his Royal Highness, accom¬
panied by the Crown Prince Rudolph and the Archduke Otto,
witnessed the public festivities iu honour of the Imperial visit.
* ham l a «t was given in the evening at which the Prince
of Males, the Archdukes Charles Louis and Otto, the principal
military officers, and a number of other distinguished per¬
sonages were present. On the 13th the Emperor, accompanied
by the Prince of Wales, the Crown Prince, Archduke Otto, and
their suites, rode out to the mameuvres. The troops had been
on the ground since six o'clock. The General in command of
the 13th Army Corps, Baron Rarnberg, is conducting the
manoeuvres. The Prince of Wales rode beside the Emperor
from place to place all the morning. The Prince of Wales
arrived ut Godd! 16 on the loth with the Emperor, and went out
deer-stalking. Sunday was spent quietly. The Prince of
n ales, having abandoned his original intention of attending
the review near_ Godiillo, left I’esth on Sunday, late in the
afternoon, for Keszthely, on a visit to Connt and Countess
Tassilo Festetics. His Royal Highness took part on the 17th
to a hunt that his host had arranged in his honour.
The Prince had a splendid reception at Keszthely, the
whole town being gaily flagged, and the newly - bnilt
«i8tle of Count Festetics brilliantly illnminated for his
Royal Highness’s arrival, which took place at night.—
Tho Princess of Wales is still at Gmiinden. On the
13th the Duke and Duchess of Cumberland gave a soiree
dar.tanle at thc Villa Cumberland. Among the brilliant com¬
pany present were the Princess of Wales and her three
daughters, the Queen of Hanover, the Archdukes and Arch¬
duchesses Rainers and Karl Salvator, and the Duke and Duchess
of Wiirtemberg.
Czar an< * *' zar ‘ na , accompanied by the Czarewitch and
Grand Dukes George Alexaudrovitch, Vladimir Alexandrovitcb,
SELF-OllAFTEIl TREE IN THE NEW FOREST.
and Nicholas Nicnlaievitch. left Novaja Praga on Sept. 13
for Spala, in Russian Poland. The official announcement of
the betrothal of the Grand Duke Paul, who is the youngest
brother of the Czar, to the eldest daughter of the King of
Greece, will be made during the stay of his Imperial Highness
at Athens. A Russian Imperial ukase, dated in Joly. has been
promulgated on the 12th by which the Minister of Finance is
empowered to authorise the Imperial Bank of Russia to issue
credit notes as the necessities of the currency may require.
At Copenhagen on Sunday, Sept. 18, the christening took
place, according to the Lutheran rite, of the infant son of
Prince Waldetnar and Princess Marie, daughter of the Due
De Chartres. The child was horn on Ang. 13. The scene of
the ceremony was the Amalienborg Palace, and among the dis¬
tinguished people present were the King and Queen of Den¬
mark, the King of the Hellenes, and other members of the
Danish Royal family.
A telegram from St. Paul de Loanda states that Major
Barttelot was shot dead by his Manyema carriers on July 19.
Mr. Jameson is said to be at Stanley Falls arranging with
Tippoo Tib for a fresh expedition. Mr. Rose Troup, who, in
consequence of ill-health, had left Major Barttelot before the
latter was killed, expresses no uneasiness whatever as to the
success of Mr. Stanley. He rejects the suggestion of treason
on the part of Tippoo Tib.
On the reassembling of the Democratic State Convention of
Colorado in Denver, on Sept. 12, Mr. T. M. Patterson was nomi¬
nated Governor by acclamation. The New York Democratic
State Convention met on the same day at Buffalo. Governor
David Bennett Hill was renominated by acclamation. The
Republican State Convention of Massachusetts, held at Boston,
renominated Governor Ames. The national encampment of
the Grand Army of the Republic, in session at Columbns,
Ohio, have elected the Hon. William Warner, of Missouri,
Commander-in-Chief for the ensuing year.
Thc Ameer has reported to the Indian Government that his
troops have captured the Kancard Fort and many prisoners,
among whom is the father-in-law of Ishak Khan.
By a proclamation, dated Sept. 4, published in the Brisbane
Gazette, Qneen Victoria's sovereignty has been declared form¬
ally over British New Guinea.
TWO AUSTRALIAN GOVERNORS.
The Right Hon. Lord Carrington, G.C.M.G., Governor of the
Colony of New South Wales, is Charles Robert Carington,
third Baron Carrington, who was bora in 1843, was educated
at Eton and at Trinity College, Cambridge, held a Captain’s
commission in thc Royal Horse Guards, was M.P. for Wycombe
from 1865 to 1868, and succeeded to his father’s peerage in the
year last mentioned. The first Peer of this family was Mr.
Robert Smith, M.P., who was created Baron Carrington, of
Upton, Notts, in 1797 ; his son, the second Baron, in 1839,
assumed the name of Carington, by Royal license, instead of
Smith, and married a daughter of Lord Willoughby D’Eresby.
Lord Carrington is Joint Hereditary Lord Chamberlain, and
was aide-de-camp to the Prince of Wales daring his visit to
India, and has been a Captain in the Corps of Gentlemen-at-
Arms. He married, in 1878, Cecilia, daughter of Lord Suffield.
In 1885, his Lordship was appointed Governor of New South
Wales.
The Right Hon. Sir Henry Brongham Locb, G.C.M.G.,
K.C.B., Governor of the Colony of Victoria, was born in 1827.
son of Mr. James Loch, M.P., of Drylaw, Midlothian, and
began life as a midshipman in the Royal Navy, but soon
entered the military service of the East India Company, in the
Bengal Cavalry, became aide-de-camp to Lord Gongh in the
Sikh War, and was Adjutant of Skinner’s Horse. In 1854, he
was Bent, with the local rank of Major, on special service to
Turkey. He entered the Diplomatic Service, and accompanied
Lord Elgin’s Mission to China, where he was employed from
1857 to 1860; he was treacherously captured and crnelly ill-
treated by the Chinese, bnt performed important services in
negotiating the treaty of Pekin. He was private secretary to
Sir George Grey as Secretary of State for the Home Depart¬
ment in 1861. From 1863 to 1882 he was Lieutenant-Governor
of the Isle of Man, and in 1884 was appointed Governor of
Victoria. Sir Henry Loch married, in 1862, a daughter of
the Hon. Edward Ernest Villiers, a relative of the Earl of
Clarendon.
THE MAORI COLLEGE, NEW ZEALAND.
The Te Ante Maori College is located thirty miles south of
Napier, Hawke’s Bay, on the east ooast of the North Island of
New Zealand. It is an endowed institution, and consists of a
handsome and well-appointed block of buildings. Daring the
last few years the school has made great strides, and now ranks,
according to the reports of the Government Inspector, amongst
the best secondary schools of New Zealand. Its pupils are
drawn from all parts of the country, thc number now in resi¬
dence amounting to sixty-one. It educates np to the standard
of the matrionlation examination of the New Zealand Univer¬
sity. A considerable number of “old boys" have taken got.I
positions, and are proving that the Maori is not only capable
of receiving a high educational and social culture, bnt that
he can settle down to steady work, even of a decidedly seden¬
tary character. Three, at least, of the team of Maori footballers
now in onr midst received their education at the College, and
their memory is still green on its football ground. Mr. J.
Thornton is the head-master of the Te Ante College.
EXTRAORDINARY TREE, NEW FOREST.
A correspondent tells us that in the past summer, while on
a visit to Mr. W. Everett, J.P., near Lyndhurst, he was taken
for a walk into the depths of the New Forest, between
Lyndhnrst and Boldre Wood, and was shown there a singular
onriosity, in the shape of an accidental tree graft; of which,
having a photographic apparatus with him, he got a photo¬
graph, and it is represented in our Hlnstration. It is said that
a gale or cyclone mast have torn away a very large branch ;
when, in falling, the broken and smaller end of this branch
had evidently struck against the parent tree, had lacerated thc
bark, and had so grafted itself again to the trnnk, once more
to be nourished and kept alive by the sap of this tree, which
is a fine beech. The self-grafted offspring, reunited, is now in
full leaf and flourishing growth. To all appearance the
healed bark at the graft has been many years in this remark¬
able position. Onr correspondent is a medical gentleman, Mr.
T. W. Blake, of Bournemouth.
TECHNICAL INSTITUTES FOR NORTH LONDON.
A meeting was held at the Hackney Townhall on Sept. 17 fot
the purpose of promoting a scheme for providing North
London with technical and recreative institutes. It is pro¬
posed to appeal for £200,000, the Charity Commissioners
promising a similar amount, provided that this snm is raised,
to erect an institnte in each of the divisions of Finsbury,
Hackney, Islington, and St. Pancras. Sir Charles Russell said
that the object that they had met to promote was an eminently
desirable one. While a great deal had been done in this
country in recent years in the direction of helping elementary
education, practically nothing had been done by the State in
aid of technical education. All that had been left almost
entirely to private effort; and when he recollected the
contrast which that state of things presented when compared
with many Continental countries, he was bound to confess
that there remained a great deal to be done. The time was
when England, engaged in productive commercial pursuits,
could afford to neglect thc aids which modern time9 required,
and when, from her position, and from her command over
certain markets, she might be said to be without a rival in
productive enterprise. Bnt these conditions had greatly
changed in modern days, and if England was to maintain her
productive position in the world she must follow thc rest of
the world in the matter of technical and scientific training.
Such institutions as those referred to were greatly needed in
the four North London districts, which had a population of
one and a half millions, with a rateable valne of five millions,
and he hoped that they would unite and work till they had
succeeded, as South London had succeeded, in establishing
their technical schools. Resolutions were adopted approving
of the scheme and appointing local committees to put it into
operation.
for the purpose of discussing the adoption of an internatiou
system of longitudinal measurement. Among the twenty-fii
members present were representatives of Germany. Englan
France, and other European nations.
Sir Thomas Mcllwraith, the Premier and Colonial Treasnr
of Queensland, made his annual Budget statement in tl
Legislative Assembly on Sept. 12. Thc Minister announc,
that he expected a deficit of £135,000, bnt declared that it w;
not the intention of the Government to introduce a land ,
income tax, sinoe the proposed changes in the Customs’ tari
*i, he ren>OT « th e deficit and leave a snrplus ,
£i2,000. Fixed duties would be imposed whenever practicabl
and the a,l valorem duties would be raisetf to IS per cen
The Minister, m conclusion, declared that he looked to fntn
years to alleviate other taxation by means of an amended Lnn
Act. and expressed the belief that the finanoes of the colon
would shortly be in a sound condition-
THK ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sei-t.
1R8R.—332
THE NEW ITALIAN AMBASSADOR.
In selecting Count Di Robilant, a former Minister of
Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Italy, late Ambassador to
Vienna, and a member of the Italian .Senate, to be the Am-
bassador of King Humbert at the Court of Queen Victoria, the
Italian Government has paid a high compliment to Great
Britain ; for he is a statesman and a soldier, and one of the
most distinguished public men belonging to Italy. Carlo
Felico Count Di Robilant, a Lieutenant-General of the Italian
Army,* is a Piedmontese, having been bom at Turin in August,
182(5. At the age of thirteen, he entered fchfe Royal Military
College, and obtained his commission as sub-lieutenant six
years later. He fought in all the wars of Italian independence
against Austria, first in 1848, and in the following year ; when, at
the battle of Novara, he had his left hand shot off bv a cannon¬
ball. In 1833 he attained the rank of Captain of Artillery.
Having served with great distinction in the campaign of I8o9 f
he was gazetted a Major in the following year. In 1860 he
took part in the campaigns of Ancona and Central Italy, ana
he was also in the Austrian war of 1866. He was Presiden t of the
Commission for the delimitation of the Austro-Italian frontier
in 1867 and was then appointed Commandant of the Superior
Military College, a position he held till 1870. In 1871, Count
Di Robilant was sent as Special Envoy to the Court of Austria,
and was Ambassador there during many years. The Count
was nominated a member of the Italian Senate for life in 1883.
He became Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1885, an office which
he retained two years. Count Di Robilant has received every
distinction his country could bestow, such as the silver medals
"for valour” of Sommacampagna (1848), Novara (1849),
Cross of Savoy, the Grand Cross of the Crown of Italy, and the
Grand Cross of SS. Maurice and Lazarus, besides many decora¬
tions conferred by foreign Sovereigns. His wife, Countess
Di Robilant, is a daughter of Prince Edmond Clary-Aldnngen,
by his wife, Princes3 Elizabeth, n4e Countess Fiquelmont.
The Portrait is from a photograph by Montabone, of Turin.
COUNT DI ROBILANT,
THE NEW ITALIAN AMBASSADOR.
NOBLE’S HOSPITAL, ISLE OF MAN.
At Douglas, Isle of Man, on Sept. 4, the hospital erected by
Mr. H. B. Noble and his late wife, as a gift of public charity,
was formally delivered to the Lieutenant-Governor, Mr. Spencer
Walpole, as representing the island community. The building,
of which an Illustration is presented, has been constructed at a
cost of about £5000. from the designs of Messrs. Bleakley and
Cubbon, architects, of Birkenhead and Douglas. It is situated
in Windsor-road, an elevated position overlooking the sea. Its
external face is of red pressed brick with terra-cotta dressings
and half-timbered gables- The plan of the building is that of
two projecting pavilions, one to the right, the other to the left,
of the central block. This central block contains the adminis¬
trative offices, the medical and surgical officers’, matrons and
nurses’ apartments, the committee-room, and the operating
theatre. The wards for male patients are in one of the side
pavilions, and the female wards in the other, giving
accommodation for nearly thirty patients altogether.
The central hall and. staircase are handsome. Those who
attended the ceremony, headed by the Right Rev, Dr. Bardsley,
Bishop of Sodor and Man, with the Vicar-General, Deemster
Drinkwater, and members of the committee, walked in pro¬
cession from Villa Marina, Mr. Noble’s residence, to the
hospital, where that gentleman received them and the Lieu¬
tenant-Governor, who was accompanied by Mrs. Walpole.
After the singing of a hymn, reading a Psalm, and offering
prayer, the Bishop dedicated the new hospital to the glory of
God, for the relief of the sick poor; Mr. Noble handed over
the key, and a deed of conveyance of the building, to Governor
Walpole, who responded in a short speech, followed by the
Deemster (Judge of the Isle of Man) and the Vicar-General.
The building was afterwards opened for public inspection.
Mr. James L. Bowes, of the well-known firm of Messrs. J. L.
Bowes Brothers, has been appointed honorary Consul for
Japan at Liverpool.
TE AUTE MAORI COLLEGE, NEW ZEALAND.
PRESENTATION OF NOBLE’S HOSPITAL, ISLE OF MAN.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 22, 1888.—SS3
ACROSS TWO OCEANS : NEWCASTLE, JAMAICA, FROM THE MORTON D’OR8AY BRIDLE-PATH.
FBOM A SKETCH 11Y OUR SPECIAL AUTIST, ME. MELTON PKIOK.
334
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
MUSIC.
THE HEREFORD FESTIVAL..
Our previous notices of the one hundred and sixty-fifth meeting
of the cathedral ohoirs of Hereford, Gloucester, and Worcester,
have to be supplemented by remarks on performances which
occnrrod too late for record until now. The specialties of the
occasion were: Mr. Cowell's ‘ Song of Thanksgiving," pro¬
duced at the recent opening of the Melbourne Centennial
Exhibition, and Sir F. A. Gore Ouseley's oratorio, “ The Martyr-
dom of Sr.. Polycarp.”
Mr. Cowen's work is a setting of words taken from the
I salms, appropriate to the occasion. The music is scored for
chorus and orchestra, and consist* of three movements, one of
which is entirely choral, and affords a good contrast to the
other two, in which romewhat excessive use is made of tho
more demonstrative instruments. The general style is well
suited to the festive and jubilant purposes for which the work
was produced.
Sir F. A. Gore Ouseley’s composition is tho work of the
occupier of tho chair of music at the University of Oxford. His
knowledge of the art, theoretical and pract ical, has been success¬
fully manifested on many occasions by didactic writings,
lectures, and mnsical compositions. That noiv referred to was
produced as the exercise for his degree some thirty odd years
ago. It is a scholarly work, both scientific aud interesting in
style, contrapontal learning being successfully manifested
without pedantry. Several portions proved highly effective,
particularly the march, the tenor and baritone duct—finely
sung by Mr. Lloyd and Mr. Santley—“ Polycarp's Prayer" ; a
very pleasing trio—excellently rendered by Misses Anna
Wiljiams, Ambler, and H. Wilson— tr»r double chorus of
Christians and Pagans ; and the fina’ " Amen," also a double
chorus. In addition to the vocalists «.ready specified. Mr. C.
Hanks contributed some incidental passages. The two works
just referred to were performed on the third day of the
festival. Sept. 13 ; the previous morning having been
occupied by a selection from Handel's “Samson," with
additional accompaniments by Mr. E. Pront; and the late Sir
Sterndale Bennett’s sacred cantata, “The Woman of Samaria."
The selection from Handel’s noble work was not judiciously
made, and the performance was far from satisfactory, with the
exception of that of the solo vocalists—Madame Albani, Miss
Anna Williams, Madame Enriquez, Mr. E. Lloyd, Mr. Santley,
and Mr. Brereton. “The Woman of Samaria" (originally
produced at the Birmingham Festival of I8i»7)
is replete with grace and charm, if not altogether
reaching the height of the sublimo style. Its
great and undoubted merits should have secured
for it more frequent hearing than it has received,
and its revival at the Hereford Festival was a
welcome feature of the programme. It received
a far better rendering on the occasion now
referred to than the mutilated selection from
‘•Samson.” The solo vocalists in Bennett's
work were Misses Anna Williams and H. Wilson,
Mr. C. Banks, and Mr. Brereton. The sacred
performances in the cathedral, on the evening
of Sept. 12, included the first and second parts
of Haydn’s “Creation ’’ (with Madame Albani,
Mr. C. Ranks, and Mr. Santley as solo vocalists),
followed by Spohr’s cantata, “ God, Thon art
great" (soloists. Misses Anna Williams and H.
Wilson, Mr. C. Banks and Mr. Brereton) ; Schu¬
bert's “ Song of Miriam" (soloist, Miss Anna
Williams) having completed the evening's pro¬
gramme.
Cherubini’s Mass in D minor (one of the
grandest of his many grand productions) was
given on Thursday morning, Sept. 13, when the
compositions of Sir. Cowen and Sir F. A. Gore
Ouselcy (above referred to) were produced ;
between these latter having been placed Dr.
C. II. H. Parry's effective setting (for chorus
and orchestra) of Milton's ode, “ Blest pair of
Sirens," the composer having conducted. The
soloists in the mass were—Madame Albani.
Miss Ambler, Madame Enriquez, Mr. E. Lloyd, Mr. C. Banks,
and Mr. Santley.
Tho closing oratorio performance, the “ Messiah," in the
cathedral, on Sept 14, calls for only brief record. The soloists
named in the programme were Madame Albani, Misses Anna
Williams and H. Wilson, Mr. C. Banks, Mr. Santley, and Mr.
Brereton.
Tho miscellaneous concerts in the Shirehall on Sept. 11 and
13 included, on the first occasion, a performance of Sir Arthur
Sullivan's dramatic cantata. “ The Golden Legend " (as already
recorded by us). The composer conducted, and he and his
work were enthusiastically received. The second concert
comprised a varied selection of orchestral and vocal mnsic. to
which some of the principal solo # singers contributed, special
features having been the fine singing of the Leeds choristers
in several instances. A graceful gavotte and minuet, for
strings, by Mr. C. Lee Williams, was ranch appreciated. A
chamber concert on Friday evening, Sept. 14, closed the pro¬
ceedings of the festival week.
The general duties of conductor have been fulfilled by Dr.
Langdon Colborne, organist of Hereford Cathedral, Mr. Done,
of Worcester, having rendered good service at the organ, as did
Mr. C\ L. Williams (of Gloucester), as pianoforte accompanist,
and organist at the evening performance in the cathedral. The
co-operation of the excellent Leeds choristers was a valuable
feature on several occasions.
The Covent-Garden Promenade Concert* have now com¬
pleted five weeks of their seventh season under the lesseeship
of Mr. W. Freeman Thomas, whose arrangements this year
ure of unprecedented interest, and are being atteuded with a
corresponding amount of success. It is stated that the present
season of these concerts will terminate on Oct. 1 ; a scries of
performances of Ifcalian opera (under Signor Lamperti’s manage¬
ment) being arranged to begin on Oct. 13, closing on Nov. 10 ;
after which, the theatre will be required for the preparation of
Mr. Freeman Thomas's Christmas pantomime.
In London 2488 births and 1331 deaths were registered in
the weekending Sept. 15. Allowing for increase of population,
the births were 217. and the death's 77, below the average
numbers in the corresponding weeks of the last ten years. The
deaths included 27 from measles, 24 from scarlet fever, 18
from diphtheria, 31 from whooping-cough, 12 from enteric
fever. 1 from an undefined form of continued fever. 122 from
diarrhcea and dysentery, and 1 from choleraic diarrhoea. No
death from smallpox was registered. The deaths referred to
diseases of the respiratory organs were 184. exceeding the cor¬
rected average by 2. Different forms of violence caused til
deaths ; 4."i were the result of negligence or accident, among
which were H from fractures and contusions, 7 from burns
and scalds. ■"> from drowning, and 12 of infants under one year
of age from suffocation. Fifteeu cases of suicide were
Registered. .
NEWCASTLE, JAMAICA.
When Mr. Melton Prior, our Special Artist, was in the West
Indies, on his way from London to Melbourne “ Across Two
Oceans," he visited Jamaica, and went up to look at Newcastle,
the head-quarters of the British troops, which is about thirteen
miles from Kingston, up a high mountain. He writes the
following account of this trip “ I had to take an hour and a
half’s drive to Gordon-town, where a mountain pony is pro¬
vided for the rest of tho ascent. Tho barracks and officers’
quarters arc built on a lofty spur of tho Blue Mountains. Tho
site is undoubtedly healthy ; and the wife of Major Garnett,
whose guest I was, informed me that she quite liked the
place, and much preferred it to living in Kingston. It
is well that tho British soldier was sent up to this
salubrious height, but they say that some great person¬
age made a very large fortune by the purchase in one
instance, and the sale of it in the second, to the British Govern¬
ment. After passing Gordon-town, the way up is by a bridle¬
path. so narrow in parts that a pony making a false step would
quietly topple you over into a mountain torrent many hundred
feet below. There, is luxuriant foliage on all sides, and occa¬
sionally, through gaps in the trees, you obtr.iu a view of New¬
castle. perched up on high, even in the clouds, or so it appears.
There is a magnificent view of the surrounding country from
Major Garnett's house and the officers' mess. All species of
flowers grow here—violets and forget-me-nots, as well as tho
geranium and rose, in all their beauty. New potatoes and
vegetables of all kinds are brought to perfection. The Blue
Mountain trout abounds in the streams, and is ono of the great
delicacies of Jamaica. I should like to thank the officers of
the garrison of Newcastle for the hospitality with which they
treated me : and I was glad to see one of the finest sight* of
this island."
REFRESHMENT PAVILION, KEW GARDENS.
The propriety of allowing refreshments to be supplied to the
public in Kew Gardens has been debated for some years past,
and has been discussed in all the papers as a matter of public
interest and convenience. Recently official permission was
obtained by Mr. G. Ewens, of the Royal Albert Hall, for the
erection of a refreshment pavilion, and probably other
pavilions will shortly be erected in other parts of the gardens.
The structure, of which we give an Illustration, was designed
by Messrs. Gordon and Lowther, architects, of Finsbnry-circns,
who have also instructions for a proposed building under tho
trees, near the Diana pond in Bushey Park.
CONFERENCE OF GEOLOGISTS.
The fourth triennial Congress of geologists began its sittings
on Sept. 17 at the London University. In the evening, the
president, Professor Prestwicb, of Oxford, gave an address in
French. He expressed sincere regret that Professor Huxley,
the honorary president, was, through ill-health, unable to
welcome the foreign visitors, representing more than twenty
different countries. He proceeded to a critical review of the
work done at former congresses, and to suggest the paths
which should immediately be followed. At the first congress,
at Paris, in 1878, the fundamental questions of nomenclature
and classification of rocks were taken up, and the suggestion
of applying tho solar spectrum as the basis of colouring
geological maps was accepted. But the scale of red, blue,
and yellow was found to l>c too limited, and the scale had
to be very largely increased. One result of the Bologna
congress had been the giving of practical illustrations of the
seveuty-six signs and engravings of different colours by a map
of the Swiss mountains ; and on it was also inserted the con¬
ventional sign for indicating the inclinations of the strata, the
faults, the fossiliferons regions, tho water-springs — cold,
thermal, and mineral—the quarries and mines, Ac. : the result
beinga veritable hieroglyphic chapter of universal significance.
It had been decided to pnblish a geological map of Euro)>c. in
like manner, upon a scale of I- 1,300.000th; and the
execution was far advanced, under the direction of the com¬
mittee elected at the Berlin congress. The unification of
geological terms was in the hands of nine national com¬
mittees, eleven individual geologists of eminence also render¬
ing assistance. The object of their deliberations was to
reduce the various terms to be used to the expression of
definite objects. This group would be applied to the great rock
divisions—primary, secondary, tertiary. The sub-divisions
would lie called systems, as, the Silurian system. The minor
divisions would be series, as the Oolitic series, the terms ft age
and a**i*c being introduced for the smaller sub-divisions. In
like manner, in regard to time, the terms recognised would be
era, period, epoch, and age. In regard to the nomenclature of
fossil orgauio remains, the name which would be retained for
each species would be that under which it was first known, on
condition that it was then properly described ; bat no date
before the twelfth edition of Linmrns. 17fifi. would he recog¬
nised as to priority. The President and Mrs. Prestwich
afterwards held a reception in the library of the University.
The meetings follow each other daily, and afterwards a
series of excursions will be made to North Wales, West York¬
shire, the Isle of Wight, Bridlington, and other places.
There will also be receptions at Eton, Kew, the Natural
History Museum, the Geological, and other learned and
scientific societies.
THE COURT.
The Queen went out on the morning of Sept. 13. attended by
the Hon. Harriet Phippe ; and in the afternoon her Majesty,
accompanied by Princess Frederica and attended by Miss
Phipps, drove through Braemar and dow n by the Lion’s Face.
Princess Beatrice and Princess Alice of Hesse drove to Loch
Callater. The Earl of Fife arrived at the castle, and, as well ns
Viscount Cranbrook, had the honour of dining with the Queen.
On the morning of Sept. 14 the Queen went out, accompanied
by Princess Beatrice and Princess Alice of Hesse ; and in the
afternoon her Majesty drove with Princess Beatrice and Prin¬
cess Alice. Prince Albert Victor of Wales went out deer¬
stalking. The Queen went out on Saturday morning, Sept 15,
accompanied by Princess Beatrice ; and in the afternoon her
Majesty drove out with Princess Alice of Hesse. Princess
Beatrice, attended by Miss Cochrane, also drove. Sir Maurice
and Lady FitzGerald had luncheon at Balmoral Castle, and
were afterwards received by her Majesty. The Rev. Dr.
Macgregor arrived at the castle and had the honour of dining
with the Queen and Royal family. Divine service was per¬
formed at Balmoral Castle on Sunday morning. Sept. Hi, in the
presence of the Queen, the Royal family, and the Royal house¬
hold. The Rev. Dr. Macgregor, Minister of Sfc. Cuthbert’s,
Edinburgh, officiated. The Duchess of Albany and Prince
Albert of Schleswig-Holstein drove over from Birkhall and
attended Divine service at the castle and remained to luncheon.
The Rev. Dr. Macgregor had the honour of dining with the
Queen and Royal family. On the morning of Sept. 17 the
Queen went out, accompanied by Princess Beatrice, Princess
Alice of Hesse, and Prince Albert Victor of Wales ; and in the
afternoon her Majesty drove with Princess Frederica, attended
by the Dowager Lady Churchill, through Ballater. Princess
Beatrice, Princess Alice of Hesse, and Prince Albert Victor,
attended by Miss Minnie Cochrane, drove to the Falls of
Corriemulzie. The Duchess Dowager of Marlborough and
Lady Sarah Spencer Churchill lunched at the castle, and
afterwards had the honour of being received by her Majesty.
Earl Cadogan arrived as Minister in attendance, and had the
honour of dining with the Queen and the Royal family.
THE RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT AND POLISH INDUSTRY.
In the course of a recent report on the trade of Warsaw, Mr.
Grant, the British Consul-General there, refers to certain
measures of the Russian Government which will tell seriously
against Polish industry. Ever since 1815 the
immigration of foreigners to Poland for com¬
mercial and industrial purposes has been greatly
favoured by the Government. Various ukases
granted subsidies to immigrants, gave them
grants of public land selected by themselves,
supplied timber for building gratis, exempted
them perpetually from military service and
from the payment of taxes, and sometimes even
ordered grants of money to be made them. The
rising industries were also fostered by the
establishment of chambers of industry and a
bank. The industrial development or Poland
was, in consequence, very remarkable, especially
in the districts nearest to Germany. Suddenly,
in 1887, the policy of seventy-three years was
reversed ; foreigners were prohibited from ac¬
quiring land in any way, in Poland and the
Baltic provinces, and immigration was thus
stopped. Building, except by peasants, within
a mile and a quarter of the frontier is also
prohibited, and the owners are not allowed to
repair the existing buildings. In two govern¬
ment* alone, this order affects 193 factories.
Polish industries will also suffer by the applica¬
tion of an old law which has never before been
enforced in Poland—viz., that forbidding foreign
Jews to engage in trade without the consent
of three Ministers, and as this permission is
being systematically refused, foreign Jews arc
virtually excluded from taking partin the trade
and industry of Poland. A still greater danger
threatens in the proposed measures for protecting Russian
industries against those of Poland. If these are carried the
protective system will be applied, probably for the first time,
to the internal industry of the same State, for the purpose of
protecting one province against another. Polish cotton-mills
are already handicapped in their competition with Moscow by
imposing a higher duty on raw cotton imported by sea to that
imported by land. The effect has been to increase the cost of
raw material for the Polish spinners and to decrease it for
the Moscow ones, for the former must either pay the higher
freight or the higher duty. If they import by Germany they
must pay the higher freight, if by sea to Riga or Libau they
must pay the higher duty, the Moscow spinners being clear
gainers by the arrangement. These and other measures in
contemplation are attributed to the jealousy of the Moscow
manufacturers, who, at the last fair of Nijni Novgorod,
addressed a memorial to the Government asking for protection
against the Polish industries. The Polish cot ton-spinners
petitioned against the differential dalles, showing the dis¬
advantages under which it places them, but in vain.
FRENCH CENTENARIANS.
A paper was recently read before the French Academy of
Sciences by M. Emile Lavasseur on the “ Centenarians now
living in France." The first reports collected gave the number
of persons who had attained one hundred years and upwards
as 184, but on these being thoroughly sifted no less than 1<»1
were struck out, leaving eighty-three ; but even of these thero
were no fewer than sixty-seven who could not furnish adequate
proof of their reputed age. In sixteen cases, however,
authentic records of birth or baptism were found, including
that of a man born in Spain, and baptised Ang. 20, 177o. His
life was spent almost wholly in France. All the other
centenarians were reputed to be between loo and 105
years of age. with the exception of a widow claim¬
ing to be 112 years old. Of the eighty-tbree persons
said to be centenarians women formed a large majority, the
proportion being fifty-two women to 31 men. There were but
few married couples, six male and sixteen female celibates,
twenty-three widowers, and forty-one widows. One of the
latter was Madame Rostkowski, 103 years of age. She enjovs
a pension of flof. per month, allowed her by the French
Government in consideration of her late hnsband's military
services. More centenarians exist in the south-western Depart¬
ments than in the rest of the Republic, while the basin of the
Garonne— from the Pyrenees to the Pny-de-Dome—contains as
many as all the rest of France put together. M. I/ivasseur
finds that the chances of a person in the nineteenth century
reaching 100 years of age are one in 18,800.
Another very important addition has been made to tho
Navy by the launching at Portsmouth of the powerful twin-
screw cruiser Melpomene, six guns. 2350 tons, 9000-horse
power, which was commenced in October last.
NEW REFRESHMENT PAVILION, KEW CARDENS.
SEPT. 22, 1S88
335
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
FAINT-HEARTED READERS.
There was a tirue when men sat down to a book with the
patience and courage needed to bombard a well-fortified town.
They girded up their loins for the encounter, and read every
page of a black-letter folio without a moment's thonght of the
degenerate practioe of skipping. To treat an author thus
frivolously would be to show themselves unworthy scholars;
and it never occurred to these patient plodders to ask whether
in all instances the good gained was worth the hours consumed.
Charles Lamb, who dearly loved old books and old ways of
study, wrote in one of his letters“ I mean some day to
attack Caryl on ‘Job.’ six folios. Whatever any man can write
surely I may read l” This was the feeling of students in
earlier days, when to gain learning at all it was necessary to
dig deep, since there were no royal roads to knowledge, such
as " coaches." classes, free libraries, and the school-books whioh,
if we may credit the compilers, leave no difficulties unex¬
plained. If the food then provided was a little tough,
there was a compensatory power of digestion. Probably
there is no man living courageous enough to attack the
amazing works left behind him by “voluminous Prynnc."
But in his lifetime he hail readers—that Peter Heylin
was one of them Prynno found to his cost—and we know
too, that the public licenser, whose position must have
been as painful as that of a cemetery chaplain, was forced
to read his works. But now even the 1100 quarto pages of his
“Histriomastix,’' theeream of his life's labours, will, as Carlyle
says, “nevermore be read by mortal." A like comment may
be passed on many a work over which long nights of toil have
been spent. In the Puritan days, Englishmen appear to have
been endowed with a patience wellnigh superhuman. How
men endured seven hours, with a single break of one quarter,
spent in preaching and praying—and this by John Howe's
confession he sometimes inflicted upon his congregation—
is inconceivable to us; but the same power of prolonged
attention was demanded by the piouc writers of the period,
some of whose works are wellnigh interminable. There
was Baxter, who wrote the narrative of his life in folio
and who published more than one hundred books ; there was
Thomas Fuller, the wittiest and most original of divines, and
also one of the most voluminous authors in the language,
whose « orks may be said to form a small librarv ; there was
our English Chrysostom. Jeremy Taylor, whose hospitable
board, as Coleridge said, “groans under the weight and
multitude of viands"; and there was Milton, whose prose
works in English and Latin, weighty in bulk and power, con¬
tain passages unsurpassed for eloquence, and passages not a few
in which language is abused and Christian charity forgotten.
That there must have been in that age a good amount of iron
in the constitution of authors, readers, and publishers, goes
without saying.
Even tie lighter literature then in vogue would be deemed
by modern young ladies intolerably heavy. Is there one of
them that would dare to read Sidney's “ Arcadia," or the ten
volumes of the “Grand Cyrus"; or Lord Broghill's “ Par-
thenissa ”; or even Spenser's incomparable “ Faerie Queene " !
why. there are educated English women living—and, it
may be feared, men too—who have never read “ Paradise
Lost one of the world’s greatest poems ; and who, to descend
considerably in the poetical scale, are ignorant of Thomson's
Seasons, than which few poems, if any. won so much
admiration from yonths and maidens in the last century ; and
how greatly they admired “ Pamela ’’ and •• Clarissa Ha'rlowe,"
ana that exquisite prig “ Sir Charles Grandison." is a fact of
literary history. Sever was novelist so surrounded by female
uauerere and devotees as Richardson ; but now young ladies
prefer the dainty
them by Mr. He
the middle of the last century, Miss Talbc
of bine-stocking renown, said that si
es^v h, “ W “?‘ e heart on th « success of “ The Rambler.” A
but Dr ’ b ?’ ea *J' reading, if it is not easily writtei
• Johnson, the liveliest and wittiest of talkers, lost tJ
greater part, both of his wit and liveliness, when he took the
pen in hand. There is meat in “ The Rambler " both plentiful
and wholesome, but it is not for babes, and it is to be feared
t' la t even a Newnham or Girton scholar would reject it also.
Neither an essay nor a short sermon can always escape the
charge of dullness. Rogers relates that when Legge was made
“jSP ® x I or< i be had the folly to ask two wits. Canning
and Frere, to be present at his first sermon. “ Well," said he to
Canning, “ how did yon like it ? ” “ Why, I thought it rather
8 b°rt.’ “ Oh, yes; I am aware that it was short; bnt I was
afraid of being tedious.” “ Von were tedious."
Is it the hurry and excitement of life, the variety of
magazines and novels, and a growing love of amusement that
the modern reader so much less patient than his fore¬
fathers .’ or is it that he is generally content with being simply
a reader and not a student ? Literature, like tinned meats and
soups, is now sold in the most portable form possible. A man
will not read the greatest poets of his country or even the
most popular of living poets unless in selections. In earlier days,
when Young’s“Night Thoughts’* was read asapastime.it would
have needed little heroism to read the entire works of such fine
poets as Lord Tennyson, Mr. Coventry Patmore,and Mr. Matthew
Arnold; but now we profess to be satisfied with their
• Beauties ; as if it were possible to understand a poet’s full
scope and charm by reading him in fragments ! Such volumes
may be serviceable to the traveller who has little space in his
portmanteau, but the reader shows a strange lack of courage
who dallies with selections when he has access to a library.
Into all departments of literature the process of abridgment is
carried. The lat* George Henry Lewes encouraged a young
gentleman to attempt the astounding feat of reducing Bos¬
well ; and Lockhart’s .Scott has undergone the same treatment.
Lven tho Wayerley novels, works unsurpassed since Shakspeare
for imaginative power, for elevation of tone, and for the
sweetness and light that no English writer has possessed in
a larger measure than Scott, have been considered too solid
food for the fitful appetite of the modern novel-reader. He
can swallow without much difficulty a “ shilling dreadful ” ;
he can read after dinner, and when supported in an easy-chair,
the society papers; but a noble work of art. the interest of
which is not due to thrilling incidents and impossible adven¬
tures in every page, is a weariness to the flesh.
The passion for st rong sensations is a remarkable feature
of the time, and of late a new danger has invaded England,
against which Sir Theodore Martin has recently warned his
countrymen. The grossest literature of France, which repre¬
sents, as its chief exponent admits, the rottenness of Parisian
society, is now translated and scattered broadcast over England.
What toleration, Sir Theodore asks, should be shown to
Englishmen who make a trade of translating and propagating
this poisonous trash.’ and truly does he add that to keep works
of fiction of this class ont of the hands of their sons and
daughters ** must now cause many an anxious hour to English
parents.” Such fiction is easily road, but it is not easily for¬
gotten ; and the amusement of an honr may be the rnin of a
life. A taste for what is noble and of good report in literature
is, no doubt, the best antidote against this poison ; but the
faint-hearted reader has not enongh energy of purpose to gain
this taste. He reads simply to pass away the time, and, with¬
out any wish to go astray, is in danger of doing so from sheer
love of excitement. Simple and wholesome food no longer
suits him, and he longs for a new mental sensation, just as
Keats, eager for a new bodily one, coveied his tongue with
cayenne pepper, in order, as he said, to appreciate “ the de¬
licious coolness of claret in all its glory.” J. D.
“CAPTAIN SWIFT” AT THE HAYMARKET.
The romantic play of “Captain Swift,” by that clever young
Australian writer. Mr. C. Hnddon Chambers, has so quickly
secured public favour at the Haymarket Theatre that the
principal personages of this effective drama well merit
portrayal. The central figure in onr Illustration is the
supremely artistic actor-managcr, Mr. H. Beerbohm Tree, as
Mr. Wilding (the alias the quondam Australian bushranger.
Captain Swift, bears in England), inflicting chastisement on
the venomous servant, Marshall (Mr. Brookfield), for his
insulting references to the past life of Wilding. Captain
Swift, it will be remembered, is in a most trying position.
Guest of his new friend, Mr. Seabrook, at Fcrnshawe Park, he
has a double reason to banish his bushranging recollections.
He is in love with the gentle niece of Mr. Seabrook, Stella
Darbisher, who returns his affection : and he learns, to his
amazement, that he is the natural son of his hostess, Mrs.
Seabrook. The masterful way in which Wilding plucks this
love from his heart, and. at the prayer of his agitated mother,
quits the house, and all that makes life worth living, com¬
mands the warmest sympathy of the audience; and, when
the troubled outcast at last shoots himself to save his
mother's secret from being divulged, it is felt that the
motto of the piece is realised, however painfully, and that
“There is some soul of goodness in things evil.” As
that deeply - moved gentlewoman, Mrs. Seabrook, Lady
Monckton acts with emotional power in every phase ; her
anguish for the sin of her young days being as eloquently
expressed as her strong attachment for her fond husband
(Mr. Kemble) is feelingly conveyed. Lady Monckton could
not possibly have a betrer foil than Miss HoseLeclercq in the
adroitly enacted part of the cold-blooded woman of the world,
Lady Staunton. Mrs. Seabrook’s sister. Mrs. Tree has rarely,
if ever, been seen to such advantage. She is delightfully
natural as Stella Darbisher, beloved at one and the s-ime time
by the two half-brothers, Captain Swift and Harry Seabrook,
his jealons rival (Mr. Fuller Mellish). The influence of Mr.
Tree s example has had an excellent affect on Mr. Macklin, who
has never acted better than he does as the frank and good-hearted
young Queenslander. Mr. Gardiner, who recognises Wilding as
a bushranger assailant of his, Captain Swift, bnt is induced for
a sentimental reason to refrain from uninasking him, as he
indubitably would do in real life in common justice to his
host and hostess, particularly as he is betrothed to pretty
Mabel Seabrook (Miss Angela Cudraore). It remains to add
that Mr. Charles Allan infuses individuality into the part of
the Australian detective, Michael Ryan, who comes to England
to arrest Captain Swift, and finds a ready confederate in the
vindictive Marshall, of which rascally person Mr. Brookfield
has made quite a character-study.
The Portrait of the Emperor of Brazil is from a photograph
by M. Kama Blanc, of Paris; that of Lord Carrington,
Governor of New South Wales, from one by Messrs. Charle-
mont and Co., of Sydney; and that of Sir H. B. Loch,
Governor of Victoria, by Messrs. Foster and Martin, of Mel¬
bourne.
In the list of candidates for the vacant chair of chemistry
at Aberdeen University are the names of Dr. Snape, Aberyst-
with ; Professor Masson, Melbourne University ; Professor
.Tapp, South Kensington ; Dr. Hartley, Dublin ; Dr. Scott.
Durham ; and Dr. Senior, London. The salary attached to
the office is £1000 per annum, and the candidates are very
numerous.
MEMORIALS OF 34th CUMBERLAND
REGIMENT, CARLISLE.
An incidental consequence of the localising of regiments of
our army, by the territorial system, may be observed in
Cathedral and county towns of England. It is the placing of
regimental memorials in the Cathedrals, a very appropriate
custom where the regiment historically belongs to the county.
At Carlisle, now the home of the Border Regiment, comprising,
in its 1st and 2nd or Line battalions, the 34th Cumberland and
the 55th Westmorland Regiments, and embracing the whole of
the fine auxiliary battalions of these counties, the Dean and
Chapter have allotted a bay in the Cathedral, for the collection
of the‘old 34th, Cumberland, regimental memorials.
After the Crimean war, the battalion was stationed in
Edinburgh Castle, having halted, on its home journey up
country, at Carlisle. In memory of its late comrades, the
preparation of a beautiful marble monument was entrusted to
Sir John-Steel 1. But the outbreak of the Indian'Mutiny, in
1857, and the sudden dispatch of the 34th, which was the first
of those battalions specially sent to arrive in India, prevented
their seeing its erection in Carlisle Cathedral; and its com¬
pletion was kindly superintended by the late Sir George Scott-
Douglas, of Springwood, one of their old Captains. The
inscription beneath this graceful sculptured design records
the names of Captains Shiffner and Robinson, Lieutenants
F. R. Hurt, Hector Lawrence, H. D. Alt, W. Jerdan, It. J.
Brown Clayton, and Norman Ramsay, and enumerates thirteen
sergeants, eleven corporals, four drummers, and 289 private
Boldiers. who were killed in action, or died from the effect* of
labour in the trenches, during the Crimean campaigns. Ihe
tablet was erected by General Sir Thomas Macdougall Brisbane*.
Bart.G.C.B., G.C.H., Colonel of the regiment, and the surviving
comrades, in 1857. Two pairs of the regimental coloursi were
subsequently received, with befitting ceremony, by Dean Close,
to be deposited in the Cathedral. The death of General Lord
Airt-v, who had served in the 34th Regiment, and had been its
Colonel, was followed by that of their commanding officer.
Colonel Trevor Chapman, from cholera, at Dum-dum; and
Captain Archibald Balderson, Station Staff Officer, was killed
about the same time, while endeavouring to rescue those buried
MEMORIALS IN CARLISLE CATUE11RAL TO THE 34T1I REGIMENT.
in the landslip at Nynee Tal. The officers, past and present,
erected a noble window in Carlisle Cathedral to the metnory
of those lost during that tonr of foreign service. They have
also caused to be engraved, on a brass tablet, a duplicate of the
inscription in the Cawnpore Memorial Church, in memory of
Lieutenant Edward Jordan, Ensigns Applegnte and Grier,
several non-commissioned officers, and twenty-four privates]
killed in action at Cawnpore in November, 1857. The set of
colours borne by the regiment throughout the Crimean and
Indian campaigns are crossed above the moral monuments,
and, with the second pair, masking the front of the bay, the
arrangement is highly effective. Our Illustration is from a
photograph by Messrs. Wbaite, of Carlisle.
the compromise proposed by the masters, and have decided to
remove their tools from the mines. It is estimated that
upwards of £6000 in wages has already been lost to the district.
At a crowded Scottish Home-Rnle demonstration in
Glasgow on Sept. IS. Professor Hunter, M.P., the chairman
said whatever form Home Rule for Scotland took the Imperial
Parliament would remain supreme. At present the Scottish
members might as well be spending a holiday in Switzerland
for all Scotch business they were doing in Westminster,
Professor Blackie said he did not believe in centralisation or
in Londonisation, but in the nationality of the Scotch A
resolution was passed urging the establishment of a Legislature
in Scotland, with full control over all purely Scottish
questions.
In furtherance of the movement to celebrate the bicentenary
of the landing of Prince William of Orange in Torbay, a meet-
mg was held on Sept. 18 at Brixham, Devon, for tho purpose of
obtaining support from that town to the fund being raised for
a statue. Lord Chnrston presided, and it was stak'd that
about *400' of the £1000 required had already Cn prem^
Representatives of the Huguenot societies of London and the
Protestants of Hull supported the object of the meeting and
ThTel T "n 8 iS“ S< ^L n ' 1 ^ 8ini; th< ‘ action of the committee.
The event will be celebrated on Xov. fl, and it is proposed to
Prince UndS ° n Bnxha “ Bcach - nt the p l >ot where the
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
337
SEPT. 22, 1888
WOOLWICH ARSENAL: THE SHELL
FACTORY.
The Shell Factory at Woolwich Arsenal produces shells
, thirty-seven different measures, from the smallest,
nne inch in diameter, used instead of a bullet in the
Nordenfeldt machine-gun, up to the largest, of sixteen
and a quarter inches diameter, used for the great gun that
weighs a hundred and ten tons. All these shells are of the
cylindrical, conical-lieaded form ; no spherical shells are
now made at Woolwich, but the Arsenal will repair those of
that pattern which may have been handed over to the Artillery
Volunteers for their practice.' A shell of the largest size con¬
tains 8.1 lb. of gunpowder, which is
calculated to burst its steel wall or
case, two inches and a half thick j if
the shell were made of iron, instead of
steel, this charge would burst it four
inches thick. The scattering of the
fragments of the exploded shell is, of
course, the mode of its destructive
effect, not here considering the shrapnel
shell, which contains a large number
of bullets, to kill or wound many men
at a time. The shell is discharged like
a solid shot from a gun ; the gun-
charge to throw the largest shell that
is made at the Arsenal would be 800 lb.
of gunpowder, in the 110-ton great
gun, which can throw such a projectile
five miles. The apparatus for igniting
the charge of gunpowder contained
within the shell itself, and so causing
it to burst when it has reached the
enemy, is placed in the conical head of
the shell. It may either be a detonat¬
ing percussion cap, which acts by
striking against the first obstacle in
the flight of the shell, whether it be
the side of a ship, the wall of a fort,
or the hard ground; or it may be a
“ time fuse.” which is ignited by the
flauie of the gun at its discharge, and
which consists of a metal tube filled
with a slowly-burning composition, the
fire of which reaches the gunpowder
charge of the shell in a certain time,
not less than five seconds or more than
fifteen seconds, according to the range
of distance and other considerations.
The fuses are readily put on the shells
■when required for service ; in the head
of every shell is a brass fuse-hole, with
an internal conical screw, made so that
the fuse can be quickly screwed into
it; all the fuse-holes, of all kinds and
sizes of shells, are exactly alike, so that
any fuse can be applied to any shell,
which is a great practical convenience,
preventing the chance of any shells
being rendered useless by a mistake in
not having their proper fuses at hand.
As the shell, discharged from a rifled
gnn, is to have a rotatory movement,
like that of a rifle-ballet, the base or
hinder end of the shell is surrounded
with a ring -of copper, a softer metal,
which takes the groove from the rifled
calibre of the gun. There are shells
of the hardest steel, for penetrating
iron or steel plate armour ; but we
believe these are hot made in the Shell
Factory at Woolwich. It may be ob¬
served that the inside surface of every
shell is coated with a red lacquer,
which is a composition of resin nnd
other substances, and the utility of
which is more important than one
would suppose. When the projectilo
rushes forward through the gun, the
powder within the shell has such violent friction with the
inner surface of the shell that it might be prematurely
ignited by the heating of the steel surface, and so the shell
might burst even before leaving the gun, bursting the gnn
and all. Such accidents nre known to have formerly happened
with very disastrous effects. The inside coating of resinous
lacquer tends to prevent this heating from the friction of the
powder on the steel of the shell.
The shrapnel shell is of more complex construction It has
a powder-cup at the base, the hinder end of the cylinder, with
a separating diaphragm between the charge of gunpowder
there and the middle length ; a connecting-tube from the head
of the shell to the powder-charge, descends through the
centre of the cylinder, and the Bpaoe all round this tube is
filled with bullets; the upper end of the tube fits into a
socket in the conical head of the shell, where it communicates
with a time-
fuse; the
head is made
of Atlas
metal, and is
not designed
to pierce the
armour-plate
of Bhips, but
to pour out
the multi¬
tude of bul¬
lets. The fire
from the
fuse, of
oonrse, is
transmitted
by the con¬
necting tube
to the gun¬
powder in
the cup at
the baso of
the shell, and
the bullets
are shot for-
w a r d. A
shr a p n o1
shell of six
and a half
inches cali¬
bre will con¬
tain nearly
210 leaden
bullets, each
weighing
above an
ounce. The
largest shrap¬
nel shell, dis¬
charged by
the El swick
110-ton gun,
having a diameter of sixteen and a quarter inches, con¬
tains 2830 iron bullets, each weighing four ounces, the effect
of which must be terrible when poured amongst a body of
men, or in the interior of an enemy's ship. A shrapnel shell
made of cast iron will burst, like an ordinary shell, and
scatter its fragments; but a shrapnel shell of steel will
comes from the foundry, an apparatus is applied to its interior,
as shown in one of our Illustrations, to find whether its sides
are of perfectly uniform thickness ; if it were faulty in this
respect, it would twist irregularly, and might even break in
the gun. Any shell not answering this requirement is at
once condemned and returned to the foundry.
With reference to onr description and Illustrations of the
Torpedo Factory, which appeared last week, it should be
observed that the man who was shown gauging the tail of a
torpedo” applies his measurement not to the propeller flanges,
which are not yet fixed on, but to what may be called the tail
fins, as we likened the torpedo to a mechanical swimming fish.
In front of the double-screw propeller, which is the tail, are
four well-proportioned tail fins, on one pair of which are to
be fitted the vertical rudders, permanently adjusted to keep
the torpedo in a straight course directed to its object; on the
other pair are the horizontal rudders, acted on automatically
by a secret contrivance, and serving, when adjusted, to keep
the torpedo at the required depth below the surface of the
water.
The cost of manufacturing a Whitehead torpedo is roughly
estimated at about £300. It can travel through the water, by
its own locomotive power, a distance of probably one mile ; but
its velocity would diminish after a run of six hundred yards.
The maximum speed is twenty-seven knots or nautical mileB
an hour ; and six hundred yards may be taken as the practical
range, being the distance to which the torpedo would maintain
sufficient velocity to explode its gnn - cotton charge by the
impact of its detonator against the side of a ship.
We shall give further Illustrations of the manufactures in
the Royal Arsenal. ___
LIFE-BOAT SERVICES.
A meeting of the Royal National Life-Boat Institution was
held on Sept. 13 at its house, John-street, Adelphi; Sir Edward
Birkbeck, Bart., M.P., in the chair. Rewards amounting to
£208 were granted to the crews of life-boats belonging to the
institution for services rendered during the past month ; also
to the crews of shore-boats and others for saving life from
wrecks on our coasts. Payments amounting to £3842 were
ordered to be made on the 293 life-boat establishments of the
institution. Among the contributions recently received were
£2000 from the trustees of the late Mr. Edward Boustead, of
Clapham Park ; £1700 from the residuary legatees of the late
Sir Joseph Whitworth, being a further contribution towards
providing and permanently maintaining a life-boat to be
named the Joseph Whitworth ; and £700 from Mrs. Martin, of
Pershore, to defray the Rhyl new life-boat, to be named the
Jane Martin. New life-boats were sent daring the past month
to Ramsey, Wells, Dover, Jersey, Guernsey, Berwick-on-Tweed,
and New Brighton. _
At the recent conference at Harrogate of the industrial
department of the Girls' Friendly Society, under Mrs. Fawkes,
of Farnley Hall, Otley; Lady Louisa Lascelles; and Mrs.
Jerome Mercier, of Kemerton, it was decided to offer prizes at
only project its contents through the head. The bullets are
effective at a distance of from fifty to a hundred yards from
the shell, spreading from 10ft. to loft.
The Woolwich Shell Factory, as well as the foundry of the
Arsenal, is now working night and day, and issuing shells of
all sizes at the rate of ten thousand a week ; but at present, we
understand, about four thousand of them weekly made are those
of one-inch measure for the machine-guns. It will be under¬
stood that every shell has to be carefully tested ; and, when it
diocesan and branch festivals, to members, for the best butter,
cheese, and bread (plain and fancy), with the object of reviv¬
ing that practical part of a country-girl’s education which of
late haB been too much neglected, to the detriment of the
farming interest.
Before snmmer can be said to have propcily visited us.
giving merely a side-smile in passing, behold we are favoured
with Christmas and New-Year greetings, in the form of floral
cards, from the Religious Tract Society.
338
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
NOVELS.
TV Lhulsay*; A liomanrr of Scottish Life. By John K. Leys.
Three vols. (Chatto and Wind us).—It would seem that the
manners of rural life in Scotland, especially under the peculiar
religious influences of the Kirk, or the Free Kirk, or the
• IT. P. ” Connexion, artistically contrasted with less sharply
defined customs of the English* middle classes, afford a field of
social varieties in culture and growth suitable to the novelist’s
purpose. The family of Mr. Lindsay, of the Castle Farm,
Muirburn. somewhere in Clydesdale, being visited by a gentle¬
man from London, Mr. Hubert Blake, an amateur artist of
roving disposition, exhibits t hree strong individual characters—
the father, a strict Presbyterian of severe integrity, hut cold
and austere to his children ; one of the sons, named Alec, who
is ambitious of a liberal education and profession, but refuses
to become a Minister of the Kirk; and the beautiful daughter,
Margaret, whose romantic piety, nourished by tales of the
Covenanters and Martyrs, rejects the offered love of a generous
worldling too sceptical of the creed she has been taught.
There are two other young ladies, who are English, and
who have a fair share of mental accomplishments and
fashionable experiences. One is Miss Laura Mowbray, a
charming and rather daring flirt, who desires to marry
somebody likely to be rich : the other is Hubert Blake’s
cousin, Sophy Meredith, who lives quietly with her old uncle
at Highgate. When Alec Lindsay goes to Glasgow as a
University student, which must have been some twenty years
ago. the College being then in the old High-street buildings,
he calls on a wealthy relative, a Mr. James Lindsay of Dram-
leek, the owner of valuable oil-works; is invited to dinner
there, and meets Laura Mowbray, with whom he falls in love.
In a summer holiday sojourn at Arrochar, on Loch Long,
rowing her in a boat at evening, and assisting her in a perilous
climbing adventure on the Cobbler mountain, the heart of the
unsophisticated young man is irrecoverably lost. She, for her
part, though liking Alec Lindsay, has a shrewd eye to his
unworthy cousin, James Seinple, who is a confidential clerk in
the great oil - works business, expecting to succeed to its
managing partnership with a large fortune. Alec therefore
obtains no substantial encouragement, and. resolving to go to
the Bar at the end of his University studies, is admitted into
the office of a London firm of solicitors, Messrs. Hatchett,
Small, and Hatchett, in the neighbourhood of Gray’s Inn.
The managing clerk of this firm is a Scotchman, a Mr. Beattie,
of course s »mc years older than Alec, plausible, crafty, and dis¬
honest. who receives Alec with a show of friendly candour.
The law affairs of old Mr. Lindsay of Brumleck, a derni-
millionaire, are entrusted to these solicitors; that old gentleman,
being in ill-health, coming to consult a London physician, is
warned of approaching death. He has to make his will, and,
not caring to bestow a great inheritance on any of his kindred,
determines that the oil-works and all his business property
shall be sold, and that the Free Kirk of Scotland shall be
endowed with jE.UMMMK). There are legacies of £10,000 to his
sister. Miss Joan Lindsay, and to Alec’s father ; small legacies
to Margaret and to Laura Mowbray, who is living in his house
with his sister : and only the residue, estimated at £10,000, is
left to James Semple and Alec Lindsay, as residuary legatees
and executors of this will. Alec is employed by Mr. Hatchett,
at the testator's special request, to prepare the draft of the
will, and performs his task with scrupulous fidelity ; but the
senior clerk, Beattie, had previously taken the testator’s
instructions, and this man, being an artful rogue, communi¬
cating with James Semple, who is equally dishonest, contrives
an audacious though easy trick. He gets a drunken engrossing-
clerk to moke a false copy of the document, for signature,
omitting the word “ hundred,” so as to reduce the Free Kirk
bequest to five thousand pounds. There is no violent improb¬
ability in the manner in which the fraudulent substitution of
this copy for the true copy is effected by Semple, after
the reading over of the correct will aloud by Alec to
the bedridden and feeble testator, who is then induced
to sign the false will in the presence of two wit¬
nesses, Alec’s attention being called away by a pretended
messige from the office. Semple hod also taken care to steal
the draft prepare! by Alec, which was in the old gentleman’s
bed-room ; but in this he was obliged to ask the aid of Laura,
who was ignorant of his nefarious purpose. The effect of the
false will, obviously, would be to divide between James Semple
a id Alec Lindsay, as residuary legatees, nearly half a million
of money, deducting the specified legacies and bequests. Its
genuineness, however, is furiously denied, after the death of
the testator, by the llev. Mr. Mackenzie, a Free Kirk minister,
with whom the testator had conferred, and who had both seen
the original draft and heard the true will read over before its
signature. Alec Lindsay is therefore arrested on the charge
of fraudulent conspiracy to falsify the will, and is presently
brought to trial at the Central Criminal Court, where he is
about to lie found guilty, when Laura comes forward, of her
o.vn accord, to give evidence against Semple concerning the
draft; and the sudden reappearance of MacGowan, the en¬
grossing clerk, whom Beattie had shipped off, as he thought,
to Australia, completes the proof of Alec’s innocence. All
this is very well told, with n natural and probable concaten¬
ation of circumstances ; but, when the will is found to be
invalid, and the property has to be distributed among the next
of kin, it seems rather silly that Alec should decline his just
and lawful share. Nevertheless, he marries Laura ; while
Hubert Blake, his generous friend, makes Sophy Meredith
happy ; Margaret chooses a single life, and James Semple comes
to a miserable end.
The lilach Amur, « Tale of the Tiro Itosri i. By R. L.
Stevenson. One vol. (Cassell and Co.).—Few of our popular
writers of fiction have greater mastery of the mechanism of
plot and incident, or a more concise and effective style of
narrative, than the author of “Kidnapped” and “Treasure
Island.” In this historical romance, illustrating the troubled
domestic condition of England during the civil wars between
the rival factions of Vork and Lancaster, the main interest
belongs to a band of desperate outlaws, men driven wild by
the oppression of local tyrants, notably of a cruel and covetous
Knight. Sir Daniel Brackley, infesting the Tanstall Woods in
the East Riding of Yorkshire. The symbolic token of their
conspiracy for vengeance is the “Black Arrow,” with which
they constantly threaten the lives of Sir Daniel and his
accomplices in many wicked acts—Bennet Hatch, his right-
hand man ; Sir Oliver Oates, the parson, who is also a cunning
lawyer; and old Appleyard. a soldier of Agincourt, over
eighty years of age. Menacing papers signed “John Amend-
nil” nre found in the neighbourhood, hut the actual ring¬
leader is Ellis Duckworth, who has been robbed of his
home and property by Sir Daniel’s unjust machinations. The
former landlord, Sir Harry Shelton, died a violent death
under mysterious circumstances, and Sir Daniel and the parson
are suspected of having contrived his murder: but his only
son, young Richard Shelton, now emerging from boyhood, has
been made a ward of Sir Daniel, and has been kept ignorant
of the dire injnry that was done to him and to his parent.
In those times, as we know, the wardship of an orphan heir
or heiress, with the opportunity, sometimes, of appropriating
the revenue of an estate, was often purchased of the Crown by
unscrupulous Court favourites; and Sir Daniel has likewise
got hold of a young lady. Joanna Sedley, whom he has stolen,
in the disguise of a boy, from the custody of Lord Foxhara,
her other guardian. There is no doubt that powerful men in
the country, able to bring scores or hundreds of armed re¬
tainers to join either of the contending armies, could practise
these and worse crimes with impunity during the Wars of the
Roses ; and the contemporary existence of freebooting foresters,
at least in the North of England, not unlike the famous Robin
Hood and liis followers three centuries before, is also matter
of history. The period to which this tale must be ascribed is
in the winter preceding the battle of Towton, early in
14C> 1 ; and Sir Daniel Brackley. being
a shameless turn-coat, musters his
force of men-at-arms, billmon. spear¬
men, and archers, in the village of
Kettley, with the base intention <>f
joining whichever raav prove to be the
stronger party. While professedly an
adherent of King Henry VI.. he semis
secret messages to the Yorkists,
among whom the deformed but terrible
figure of young Richard Plant agonct.
shortly afterwards Duke of Gloucester,
and ultimately King Richard ill..
with his characteristic valour in fight,
his cunning, aud his merciless cruelty,
is forcibly portrayed. Young Richard
Shelton, commonly called •• Dick.”
presently discovering the villainy of
Sir Daniel, assists Joanna, )
mistakes at first for a boy 1
self, to escape through the
and forests, seeking a refuge
wood Abbey ; but she is n
and shut up in Sir Daniel
The outlaws welcome Dick S
the son of their former popi
lord, and beleaguer the mai
some days, in hopes of rnvt
plunder. After much confus.
ing and many incidental
adventures, dropping from w
ditches, running away, losing
scrambling to and fro, puttin
dress of a friar to enter tli
finding Joanna there, fa
deliver the captive maid, st.i
spy behind the arras, seizing
vessel and conducting an ati;
the sea, in all which an o!
soldier, and sometime friai
Lawless does useful srrvi<
seems to bo little nearer hi
Joanua, indeed, is about to lie
under compulsion, to l. -nl
a hateful old profligate, wbei
arrow strikes the bride : *«»m
the wedding pro¬
cession enters the
church. But a de¬
tachment of the
Yorkist army, led
by the fierce Rich¬
ard of Gloucester,
to whom Dick is >\\
sent by Lord Fox-
ham with valuable
military informa¬
tion, marches on
the Lancastrian
garrison of Shore-
by-on-Till. where
Sir Daniel, under
the Earl of Rising- ; 'T
ham, is still ob¬
ligee! to be on
service. Dick
Shelton is put in
command of an
important post,
fights with great
skill and bravery,
and earns the
honour of knighthood. .Inn
Sedley is sot free, and Jut v
ding with Sir Richard Slid
by the consent of Lord F<»xb
is joyfully solemnised in 11
wood A bbey. Sir Danicl 15 r;
ley falls by the • b
arrow” from the how of 1
Duckworth ; and one \v»
suppose that there was arm
black arrow reserved for
parson; bntDick intered* •<
him, and the league of vei
ance is dissolved. Homidd.
one kind and another, is fi b
fully abundant in this st<
and Dick’s poniard is 1 »u
employed, on many oivnsi
without the slightest renn
in perforating the
breasts of vulgar
clowns and serv¬
ing-men who stand
in his way. The
amount of blood¬
shed here, quite
apart from the
battles of “The
Two Roses.” exceeds that which is found in any of Mr. Rider
Haggard’s African romances. But there arc readers, probably,
who like plenty of that ingredient; stabbing, shooting, and
splitting skulls arc undeniable resources of literary sensation,
and it is always entertaining to describe the various manners
in which people are killed.
J/rtr llt the Xorrlixt. By J. W. Shcrcr. C.S.I. Two vols.
(Chapman and Hall).—It will not be expected of any critic
that the merits of Miss Helen Glare, as a " novelist,” should lie
estimated in a review of these volumes. From them we indeed
know nothing of the stories that she wrote anil published. The
present story, in which Helen figures less as an active or
passive heroine than as a friendly spectator of the doings and
sufferings of other persons, would lose nothing essential to its
plot if she had never attempted to write a novel. It would be
as complete, if she had contented herself with her first occu¬
pation of daily governess, until her rich uncle from Australia
provided the means of comfort for his widowed sister and his
niece. Helen’s two pupils, however, Julia and Margaret
Rathbone, the daughters of a prosperous and ambitious
barrister, undergo much more serious adventures than she
does herself in the way of lovemaking and marriage.
These are attended with disastrous results in the case
of Julia, but in Margaret’s case with a rather ludic¬
rous escapade, while Helen’s agency in these affairs is of
no real importance. The most amusing episode is that of the
Indian experienoesof Arthur Gencste, the young artist, who was
engaged as Court painter to the Maharajah of Madhopore. As
the mutual affection between Arthur and Helen, when they lived
with their two neighbourly mothers, respectively, at No. 9 and
No. 13 in the same street at Kensington, and often met at supper¬
time, never expressly declared itself on cither side, its apparent
quality is scarcely vivid and intense enough to become a sourceof
romantic interest. The only considerable endeavour to exhibit
the sustained passion of love, as powerfully influencing the
characters and conduct of any leading personages in this tale,
is in the quickly interrupted relations between Harry Beau¬
mont, or Lister, the rightful name which he resumes, and
Julia Rathbone. That unfortunate young lad}', being denied
her father’s consent to receive Harry as a suitor, because liis
stepfather hail been hanged for poisoning his wife and child,
forthwith allows herself to he disused of to a drunken and
reckless man of aristocratic family. Lord Gilbert Vnndeleur,
and then, having become his wife, listens to the seducing voice
of a more vicious profligate, Sir Eric Campbell, with whom
she agrees to elope from her husband. Harry Beaumont or
Lister, a young gentleman of high principles, the soul of
honour, generosity, and refined sensibility, ought, perhaps, to
be congratulated on his failure to win the hand of Julia. The
repulsive figure of Broughton Williams, a boorish blockhead
and drunkard some degrees more odious than Lord Gilbert.,
but with large pecuniary expectations, occupies a small space ;
and there is a grotesque audacity in the notion that he and
Margaret Rathbone, pretending to accept their marriage at
the behest of their elders, contrive, each separately and in¬
dependently, to run away on the wedding morning, and each
to marry somebody else. Helen Clare, certainly, in her original
function as governess of Julia and Margaret, could not be
prond of her pupils ; nor could she be very proud of either of
her lovers; while the value of her novels is problematical,
unless they are worth more than this one.
J
SEPT. 22. 1988
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
339
OBITUARY.
SIR EDMUND LACON, BART.
Sir Edmond Ilenry Knowles Lacon. M.A., third Baronet, of Great
Yarmouth, Norfolk, J.P. and D.L., died on
Sept. 8, at Ormesby House. He was born Aug. 14,
1807, the eldest son of Sir Edmund Knowles
Lacon, second Baronet, by Eliza Dixon, his
wife, eldest daughter and co-heir of Mr. Thomas
Beecroft.of Saxthorpe Hall. Norfolk, and grand¬
son of Sir Edmund Lacon (crented a Baronet in
1818), by Eliza, his wife, daughter and co-heir
of the Rev. Thomas Knowles, D.D., Prebendary
of Ely. He was educated at Eton and Emmanuel
College. Cambridge ; and served for a short time
in the Diplomatic Service. He succeeded to the
title in 1839, and in the following year married
Eliza Georgina, eldest daughter of Mr. James Esdaile Hammet,
of Lawn Cottage, Battersea, and had four sons and two
daughters. Sir Edmund sat in Parliament as M.P.
for Great Yarmouth, 1832, 1859, and 1883 ; and
of William, second Earl. She was born March 20, 1815, and
married. May 14.1833, the Rev. Henry Gray, Vicar of Almonds-
tmry. Gloucestershire, and was left a widow on Jane 5. 1884
in?84r !e!l * ed lady Wa8 raiSed 40 the rank ° f ““ Ear1 ' 8 daa 8 bu ' r
Rev. George Craig, M.A., late Rector of Aghanloo, in the
eight'^ Derry ’ °“ Sept ' ■*» at Fortrush, Antrim, aged eighty-
Mr. Richard Proctor, the well-known astronomer, at a
private hospital in New York, on Sept. 12, of yellow fever
contracted recently in Florida.
Helen, Lady Dunbar, widow of Captain Sir James Dunbar,
R.N first Baronet, of Boath. and daughter of Mr. James
Coull, M.D.. of Afthjfrove, Elgin, at 3. Richmond-ter race,
Tunbridge Wells, on Sept. 1, aged uinety-two.
Mr. Arthur Buchheim, M.A.. late scholar of New College,
Oxford, recently, in his twenty-ninth year. He was a yonng
mathematician of very great promise, and after having gone
for North Norfolk, 1868 to 188b. He was High
Steward of Great Yarmouth, Hon. Colonel 4th
Battalion Norfolk Regiment, and Norfolk Artillery
Volunteers. His eldest son, now Lieutenant-
Colonel Sir Edmund Broughton Knowles Lacon,
fourth Baronet, married, in 1878, Florence Amelia,
daughter of Morgan H. Foster, C.B., of Brickhill,
SIR C. R. ROWLEY, BART.
Sir Charles Robert Rowley, fourth Baronet of
TendringHall. in the county of Suffolk,
died on Sept. 8. He was born May 5,
18(H), the third son of Sir William
Rowley, second Baronet, by Susannah
Edith, his wife, youngest daughter of
Admiral Sir Robert Harlaud, and sue-
'sr I eeeded his brother as fourth Baronet
rfr-l on March 18, 1857. He was formerly
a Captain in the Grenadier Guards,
and was a Deputy-Lieutenant and
Justice of the Peace for Suffoik. He married.
Sept 14, 1830, the Hon. Maria Louisa Vnnneck,
only daughter of Joshua, s cond Lord Huntingfield,
and by her (who died March 111, 1878) leaves,
with other issue, a son, now Sir Joshna Thrllusson
Rowluy. fifth Baronet, who married, in 1887, the
Hon. Louisa Helena Brownlow, late Maid of
Honour to the Queen, third daughter of Charles,
second Lord Lorgan, K.P.
GENERAL WILLIAM INGLIS.
General William Inglis, C.B., late Royal Engineers, of Hilders-
ham Hall and Rickling Hall, in the county of Cambridge, died
at 1, Talbot-place, Blackheath, on Sept. 2. in his sixty-fourth
year. He was the eldest son of General Sir William Inglis.
K.C.B., by Margaret Mary, his wife, daughter of General
Raymond, of The Lee. Essex ; and entering the Array in 1840,
became General in 1881. He served in the Crimean campaign
in 1854-55, including the battles of Balaclava and Jnkermann,
the siege and fall of Sebastopol, the assault of the R<*dan. and
the expedition to Kinbourn. For his services he received the
Drimean and Turkish medals, and was made a Knight of the
Legion of Honour and the Fifth Class of the Medjidieh. The
decoration of C.H. was given to him in 18*57. General Inglis
married, in I860, Mary, daughter of Mr. Hector William Bower
Monro, of Edmondsham, Dorset, and Ewell Castle, Surrey, and
leaves issue, a son and a daughter.
GENERAL MORDEN CARTHEW.
General Morden Carthew. C.B.. late Madras Army, died at his
residence, Denton Lodge, Harleston, Norfolk, on Sept. 4. He
was born Oct. 25, 1804. the eldest son of the Rev. Morden
Carthew, Vicar of Mattishall, Norfolk, by Emily, his wife,
daughter of Mr. George Tweed Pyke. of Bay thorn Park. Essex,
and inherited the Woodbridge Abbey estate's from his grand¬
father, the Rev. Thomas Carthew. M.A., F.S.A., of Woodbridge
Abbey, which he subsequently sold to Mr. Peter
Carthew, whose son now possesses that property.
General Carthew entered the Indian Army in
1821, became Captain in 1830, Major in 1842,
Lieutenant-Colonel in 1848, Colonel in 1854,
Major-General in 1859, Lieutenant-General in
1870, and General in 1K77. He served in the
Goomsoor campaign in 1837 and in the Indian
Mutiny campaign in 1857-58 (medal). He was
made a C.B. in 1867. The deceased General
married, firstly, in 1827, Jemima Borland,
daughter of Mr. John Ewart of Romana ; and
secondly, in 1866, Mary, youngest daughter of
Mr. Roger Hnnter. of Liverpool, and widow of
the Rev. J. Clarke. Rural Dean and Rector of
Stretford. His eldest son is Mr. Morden Carthew-
Yorstoun, of East Tinwald, Dumfriesshire.
MAJOR-GENERAL STAN8FIELD-CROM f'TON.
Major-General William Henry Stansfield-Cromp-
ton, of Esholt Hall, and Azerley Hall. Yorkshire,
J.P. and D.L., died at his shooting-box at Buckdeu
Moors, near Skipton, on Sept. 6, in his fifty-
fourth year. He was the eldest son of the late
Mr. Joshua Samuel Crompton, of Azerley Hall,
formerly M.P. for Ripon, by Mary, his wife,
youngest daughter of Mr. Claude Alexander, of
Ballochmyle, and assurped the additional name
and armsof Stansfield on succeeding to the estates
of hiB uncle, Mr. William Rookes Crompton-
atansfield, of Esholt. He was educated at
Harrow, and entered the Army in 1854 ; he became
Laptam in 1856, Major in 1870, Lieutenant-Colonel in 1871,
th Major-General in 1882. He-served with
Highlanders in the Crimea, including the siege and
Ia J °J °® l)asto P 0 l» for which he received a medal, with clasp,
j Turki8h ®edal. He married, in 1858, Frances Elizabeth,
T . “fcoghter of Mr. John Dalton, of Fillingham Castle,
daughters antl ^ningford Hark, York; and leaves three
We have also to record the deaths of—
lie ? e of Mar and Nellie, on Sept 16. His Memoir will
** given in our next Number.
at M sE* 1 Mends, late of the 2nd West India Regiment,
‘ ’ ^“Pberd 8 Bush-green, aged eighty-seven.
J P nM! r 2i.®?£.’ c * 10ase ’ 0 f Pilmore Hall, oounty of Durham,
inirham 1883 > suddenly, at Dryderdale. near Wols-
■ngnum, on Sept. 2, aged sixty-six.
Howla »d Roberts, only son of Sir Randal
twenty-nine bCrta ’ Bart- ’ at Bournemouth, on Ang. 30, aged
SeDt"^ l? Uie Car pBne Gray, at 8, Templeton-plnce, S.W., on
worth'.e™! 6 ! T 8,8 third daughter of Henry Lord Glent-
’ ouu “oa of xelmoad, first Earl of Limerick, and sister
NAPOLEON'S VILLA AT ELBA, WITH TREE PLANTED BY HIM IN 1814.
through a brilliant University career, he contributed a number
of articles to various mathematical journals and read several
papers before the London Mathematical Society, of which he
was elected member only last year. Mr. A. Bncliheim was the
sou of Professor Buchheim, of King’s College, London.
Mr. Thomas Holt. lately a member of the Legislative
Council of New South Wales, suddenly, at Halcot, Bexley, on
Sept. (1, aged seventy-seven.
Mr. John Herbert Orpen, LL.D., barrister-at-law, of St.
Stephens-green. Dublin (the representative of the Orpen
family), at Philpotstown, comity of Meath, on Sept. 3, aged
eighty-two.
General Peter Thomas Cherry. Madras Army, at Hayward’s-
beatb, on Sept. 3, aged seventy-nine. He entered the Army in
182(1. and became full General in 1877. He served with the 1st
Madras Cavalry during the Coorg campaign, in 1834. and was
present at the siege and surrender of Bolourjee, in 1841.
NAPOLEON’S HOUSE AT ELBA.
The island of Elba, in the Mediterranean, off the coast of
Tuscany, was the appointed residence of the first Emperor
Napoleon, after his abdication at Fontainebleau, from May,
1814, to Feb. 26, 1815, when he escaped and returned to
NAPOLEOX’S VILLA, WITH MUSEUM BENEATH IT.
France. We present two Views of his house, and of the
building which has been erected below it, and which is
occupied as a museum of historical relics. The island is
opposite to Piombino, a strait five miles wide dividing it from
the mainland of Italy, and is abont eighteen miles long and
from six to ten miles broad—a small extent of dominion for
him who had been the conqueror of more than half Europe. It
is mountainous, the highest summit, the Monte della Capanna,
having an elevation of 3600 ft. The hills are planted with the
vine and olive; mulberries and other fruit are grown
abundantly, and there are fields of wheat and Indian corn.
The tunny fishery is profitable ; there are valuable iron mines,
worked ever since the early times of the Roman history,
and probably by the Carthaginians ; but the scarcity of fuel
makes it necessary to send the iron ore to he smelted in the
mainland. The population of the island exceeds twenty
thonsand. Porto Ferrajo, the chief town, on the north coast,
has a good harbour, and is strongly fortified, with two citadels
on the hills above the town. It is connected, by a road which
Napoleon made, with Porto Longone, on the east coast: the
other towns are Rio, Marciano, Campo, and Capo Liveri. Elba
formerly belonged to the Grand Dnchy of Tnscany, and now
belongs to the Kingdom of Italy. Onr Illustrations are from
photographs recently taken.
ABOUT NOISES.
Readers of Miss Austen will remember her remark in “ Per¬
suasion ” that all persons have their taste in noises as well as in
other matters, and that " sounds are quite innoxious or most
distressing by their sort rather than their quantity." This
delightful novelist illnstrates her assertion by adding that
when Lady Russell called on Mrs. Mnsgrove she found the
noise of that lady's children insupportable: hut that when
Lady Russell drove through the .’tracts of Bath, amidst the
heavy ramble of carts and drays and the bawling of milkmen
and newsmen, she made no complaint, since these were noises
which belonged to the pleasures of the place, and her spirits
rose under their influence.
Miss Ansten was right. There are noises which the most
sensitive person can bear with equanimity. A mother rejoices
in the shouts of her boys ; and the sound of a mountain Btream
is not so sweet to the mill-owner as the whirl of his machinery.
The demagogue can endure the loudest acclamations of the
crowd he addresses, the soldier on a battle-field is
-_not stunned by the thunder of artillery, and we
never heard of an engine-driver who disliked the
shriek of his whistle. In all barbarous tribes and
among the lower orders in a civilised country
noise seems to be loved for its own sake. They
cannot have too much of it, and on festive occa¬
sions he is the happiest man who makes the most
clatter. Custom, too, makes noise dear to some
men. Mr. Rnskin tells the story of a City merchant
who was not able to endure more than three days
in Venice owing to the silence of the streets : and
an essayist of the last century relates tha„ a
wealthy old lady took lodgings on Ludgate-hill
in order to be enlivened by the noise of that busy
thoroughfare. It may be admitted that on certain
occasions noise is of service. The stnmp orator,
when argument fails, understands the advantage
of a loud voice ; and, in days far later than those
alluded to by Butler, fists have done good service
in the pulpit. A triumphal procession unaccom¬
panied by music and huzzahs would lose half its
attraction, and how flat and stupidly dignified a
University Commemoration would be if the under¬
graduates were tongue-tied 1 On every occasion
that brings together a large number of people,
noise is inevitable, and the man must be over¬
sensitive whose nerves are irritated hy it. To the
lover, silence may be " the perfectest herald of
joy" ; but it is not so to the mob, who prefer to
show their happiness by shouting.
If we must admit that noise has its uses in the
world, there are few London residents who do not regard it as
one of the serious troubles of life. Civilisation, while it has
given ns more excitable nerves than our forefathers, has done
little towards soothing them. The sound of the scythe, which
so distressed poor Leech, is music when compared with the
mowing machine *, and the shrill whistle of the engine is an ill
exchange for the coachman’s horn. The constant slamming of
doors on suburban railway journeys is an intolerable nuisance
to the man of business who would fain read his newspaper in
peace; and the voices of the small boys upon the plat¬
forms do not discourse sweet music. Music, hy-the-way,
or what is popularly known by the name, is a fruitful sonree
of misery. The church bells ringing from a village steeple
awaken happy memories, but the dull tolling of a bell at all
hours of the day in a London suburb is not an aid to reflection
or to cheerfulness. We know what pain the street-organ in¬
flicted upon Babbage when he was making his intricate calcu¬
lations, and there are few men who have not suffered in a
less degree from that instrument of torture. The piano, too,
owing to the thin walls of modern houses, is a daily trial to
the man of letters cursed with a musical neighbour. If it is
his ill-luck to live in what is known as a quiet street, he may
cry in vain for peace. The organ-grinder loves a quiet street,
so does the costermonger, so does the psalm-singing beggar
who carries a squalling baby in his arms. There the muffin-
man's bell is heard, there the conjuror exhibits
his tricks, and there, to the joy of little people,
“ Punch ” sets np his show. There are squares
in Brighton, and in other fashionable watering
places, in which idleness is compulsory. One
discordant noise is followed in swift succession
by another, and the man who bad vainly hoped
to do some solid reading at the seaside is redneed
to a sensational novel.
The roar of vehicles in a busy thoroughfare
is less distressing to a sensitive ear than the
noise which comes with intermissions and may
be expected at any moment. Carlyle, who de¬
nounced in his vehement language “ mankind’s
brutish, bedlamitish creation of useless noises."
found his rest disturbed by a cock. He used
to say that it was not so much the actual
crowing of the cock in the early morning that
prevented sleep as the expectation that the bird
would crow. The monotonous sound of a water¬
fall or of a mountain river does not distract the
mind by day or prevent sleep at night; but all
tranquillity of mind and body is destroyed by
the coarse voices of hawkers and by the midnigh t
music of cats. It is said that in the old Dutch
taverns travellers were charged for the noise
they made. If the Government were able to tax
our street noises, what a splendid sum would be
added to the revenue of the country I
It is a happy thing for us that Nature, with
a few grand exceptions, performs her works in
silence. If there is the roar of the waves, the
crash of the tempest, and the mighty thunder of the avalanche,
there is far oftener the still, small voice. The morning dawns
on us in peaceful beauty, and the shadows of the evening fall
in peace, the moon and stars shed their light silently, the
flowers open and close without a sound. Even man. the great
noise-maker, is quiet in the supreme moments of life; ho
thinks in silence and in silenoe he dies. J. 1).
ThcRev.T. A. Nash, Rector of Lowestoft,has been appointed
an hon. Canon of Norwich Cathedral.
The cathedral church of St. Patrick, Armagh, which has
been closed for some months, was reopened on Sept. 15 by tho
Archbishop of Armagh.
The new Roman Catholic College at Tooting has been
opened for the reception of students. With tho exception of
Stonyhurst College, it is said to be one of the largest edu¬
cational establishments in this country connected with the
Roman Catholic Church. The building has been erected on
the Hill House estate, immediately adjoining Tooting Bec-
common. The mansion and estate, which cover an area of
nearly twenty acres, were purchased for the purposes of the
college for abont £ 13,000. The highest point on the estate
has ueeu selected for the college buildings.
340
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
Author or “ Dorothy Fon*T«n." ** Chilorrh or Uibror
-Th» Revolt or Mas," "Katharisr it kuisa," rtu,
CHAPTER XXII.
TUB DAY AFTER THK FIGHT.
WAS fivo o'clock
when I awoke next
morning. Though
the hour was so
early, I heard a
great trampling and
running about the
streets, and, looking
out of window, 1
,w a concourse of the
uvnspcople gathered
igether, listening to
le who spoke to them,
ut in the middle of
his speech they broke
away from him and ran
! 1 1 another speaker, and
and with such
ire clearly
news, the
saw some women weeping and cry*
ing. What had happened f Oh ! what had happened ? Then,
while I wns still dressing, there burst into the room Susan
Blake, herself but half dressed, her hair flying all abroad, the
comb in her hand.
"Rejoice!" she cried. "Oh! rejoice, and give thank*
unto the Is ml! What did we hear last night ? That the
Duke had but to shut the stable-doors and seize the troopers
in their beds. Look out of window. See the people running and
listening eagerly. Oh ! 'tis the crowning mercy that we have
looked for: the Lord hath blown and His enemies are scattered.
Remember the strange words we heard last night. What said
the unknown man ?—nay, he said it twice : ‘ Tho Duke had
but to lock the stable-doors.’ Nay, and yeBtcrday I saw, and
last night I heard, the screech-owl thrice—which was meantfor
the ruin of our enemies. Oh! Alice, Alice, this is a joyful
day!"
“ But look,” I said, "they have a downcast look; they run
about ns if distracted, and some are wringing their hands ”-
“ 'Tis with excess of joy,” she replied, looking out of the
window with me, though her hair was flying in the wind.
“ They are so surprised and so rejoiced that they cannot speak
or move.”
“ But there are women weeping and wailing: why do they
weep ? ’
" It is for those who arc killed. Needs mnst in every
great victory that some are killed—poor brave fellows!—and
some are wounded. Nay, my dear, thou hast three at least
at the camp, who are dear to thee; ahd God knows I have
many. Let ns pray that we do not have to weep like those
poor women.”
She was so earnest in her looks and words, and I myself so
Willing to believe, thnt I doubted no longer.
"Listen! oh! listen!” she cried, “never, never before
have bells rung a music so joyful to my heart.”
For now the bells of the great tower of St. Mary’s began to
ring. Clash, clash, clash, all together, as if they Were cracking
their throats with joy; and at the sound of the bells those men in
the street who seemed to me stupefied as by a heavy blow, put
up their hands to their ears and fled as if they could not bear
the noise, and the women who wept, wrung their hands, and
shrieked aloud in anguish, as if the joy of the chimes mocked
the sorrow of their hearts.
“ Poor creatures ! ” said Susan. “ From my heart I pity
them. But the victory is ours, and now it only remains to
offer up our humble prayers and praises to the Throue of all
mercy.
So we knelt and thanked God.
“O I-ord! we thank and bless Thee! O Lord! we
thank and bless Thee ! ” cried Susan, the tears of joy and
gratitude running down her cheeks.
Outside, the noise of hurrying feet and voices increased,
and more women shrieked, and still the joy-bells clashed and
clanged.
“O Lord! we thank Thee! O Xx>rd! wo bless Thee!
Susan repented on her knees, her voice broken with her joy
and triumph. ’Twas all that she could say.
1 declare that at that moment I had no more doubt of the
victory than I had of the sunshine. There could be no doubt.
The joy-bells were ringing: how should we know that the
Rev. Mr. Harte, the Vicar, caused them to be rung and not
our friends V There could be no manner of doubt. The people
running to and fro in the street had heard the news, and were
rushing to tell each other and to hear more—the women who
wept were mothers or wives of the slain. Again, we had
encouraged each other with assurances of our success, so that
we were already fully prepared to believe that it had come,
llad we not seen a splendid army, seven thousand strong,
march out of Taunton town, led by the bravest man and most
accomplished soldier in the English nation ? Was not the army
on the Lord’s side ? Were we not in a Protestant country ?
Were not the very regiments of the King Protestants K Why
go on ? And yet—oh ! sad to think!—even while we knelt and
prayed, the army was scattered like a cloud of summer gnats
by a shower and a breeze, and hundreds lay dead upon the
field, and a thousand men were prisoners ; and many were
already hanging in gemmaoes upon the gibbets, where they
remained till King William’s coming suffered them to be
taken down; and the rest were flying in every direction
hoping to escape.
“ O Lord ! we thank Thee ! O Lord! we bless Thee.”
While thus we prayed we heard the door below burst open,
and a tramping of a man’s boots; and Susan, hastily roiling
up her hair, ran down-stairs, followed by mother and myself.
There stood Burnaby. Thank God! one of our lad* was
safe out of the fight. His face and hands were black with
powder; his red coot, which had been so fine, was now
smirched with mud and stained with I know not what—marks
of weather, of mud, and of gunpowder: the right-hand side
was tom away: he had no hat upon his head, and a bloody
clout was tied about his forehead.
“ Baraaby ! ” I cried.
“ Captain Burnaby! ” cried Susan, clasping her bands.
“My son!” cried mother. “Oh! thou art wounded!
Quick, Alice, child—a basin of water, quick ! ”
“ Nay—’tis but a scratch,” he said; “ and there is no time
for nursing.”
'All llighli IltstrveJ
“When—where—how?” we all cried together, “was the
victory won ? Is the enemy cut to pieces? Is the war finished?”
“ Victory?” he repented, in his slow way—“what victory?
Give me a drink of eider, and if there is a morsel of victual in
the house ”-
1 hurried to bring him both cold meat and bread and a cup
hill of eider. He began to cat and drink.
“Why,” he said, talkiug between his mouthfuls, “if the
worst comes ’tis better to face it with a- Your health,
Madam” : he finished the cider. “Another cup. Sister, if yon
love me: 1 have neiiher eaten nor drunk since yesterday at
seven o'clock, or thereabouts.” He said no more until he had
cleared the dish of the gammon and left nothing but the bone.
This he dropped into his pocket. “When the provisions are
out,” he said wisely, “ there is good gnawing in the shank-
bone of a ham.” Then he drank up the rest of the cider and
looked around. “ Victory ? Did someone speak of victory ? ”
“ Yes—where was it ? Tell us quick! ”
“ Well, there was in some sort a victory. But the King
had it.”
“What mean you, Bamaby? The King had it?—what
King? ”
"Not King Monmouth. That King is riding away to find
some port and get some ship, I take it, which will carry him
back to Holland.”
“ Bamaby, what is it ? Oh! what is it? Tell us all.”
“All there is to toll, Sister, is that our army is clean cut to
pieces, and that those who are not killed or prisoners are
making off with what speed they may. As for me, I should
have thrown uway my coat and picked np some old duds and
got off to Bristol and so aboard ship and .m ay, but for Dad.”
“Bamaby,” cried my mother, ‘ what hath happened
to him? Where is he?”
“ I said, mother,” he replied very slowly, and looking in
her face strangely, “that I would look after him, didn’t 1?
Well, when wc marched out of Bridgwater at nightfall nothing
would serve but he must go too. I think he compared himself
with Moses who stood afar off and held up his arms. Never
was there any mnu more eager to get at the enemy than Dad.
If he lmd not been a minister, what a soldier he would have
made! ”
“Goon—quick, Bamaby.”
“ I can go, Sister, no quicker than I can. That is quite
sure.”
“Where is he, my son? ” asked my mother.
Bamaby jerked his thumb over his left shoulder.
“He is over there, and he is safe enough for the present.
Well, after the battle was over, and it was no use going on any
longer, Monmouth and Lord Grey having already mu
away”-
“ Run away ? Run away ? ”
“Run away. Sister. Aboard ship the Captain stands by
the crew to the last, and if they strike, he is prisoner with
them. Ashore, the General runs away and leaves his men to
find out when they will give over fighting. We fought until
there was no more ammunition, and then we ran with the rest.
Now, I had not gone far before I saw lying on the moor at my
Very feet the poor old Dad.”
“Oh!”
“ He was quite pale, and I thought he was dead. .So I was
nbout to leave him. when he opened his eyes. ‘ What cheer,
Dad?’ I asked. He said nothing; so I felt his pulse and
found him breathing. 1 But what cheer, Dad ? ’ I asked him
again. ‘ Get up if thou canst, and come with me.’ He
looked as if he understood me not, and he shut his eyes again.
Now, when you Tun away, the best tiling is turun as fast and to
run as far as you can. Yet I could not run with Dad lying
in the road half dead. So while I tried to think What to do,
because the murdering Dragoons were cutting ns down in all
directions, there came galloping past a pony harnessed to a
kind of go-cart, where, I suppose, there had been a barrel
or two of cider for the soldiers. The creature was mad with
the noise of the gutis, and I hud much ado to catch him and
hold the reins while I lifted Dad into the cart. When I had
done that, I ran by the side of the horse and drove him off the
road across the moor, which was rough going, but for dear
life one must endure much, to North Marton, where I struck
the road to Taunton, and brought him safe, so far.”
“ Take me to him, Bamaby,” said my mother. “Take
me to him.”
“ Wby, mother,” he said kindly, “ I know not if ’tis
wise. For, look you—if they eatcli ns, me they will hang
or shoot, though Dad they may let go, for he is sped already—
and for a tender heart like thine 'twould be a piteous sight to
see thy son hanging from a branch with a tight rope round his
neck and thy husliand dead on a hand-cart.”
“ Bamaby, take me to him '.—take me to him! ”
“Oh! Is it true? Is it true? Oh ! Captain Bamaby, is it
really true? Then, wliy are the bells a-ringing ?”
dash ! Clash! Clash! The bells rang out louder and
louder. One would have thought the whole town was re¬
joicing. Yet there were a thousand lads in the army belong¬
ing to Taunton town alone, and I knew not how many ever
came home again.
“They arc ringing,” said Bamaby, “because King
Monmouth's army is scattered and the rebellion is all oVer.
Well: we have had our chattec ami we are undone. Now' must
Wc sitig small again. Madam,” he said earnestly, addressing
Susan, “if I remember right, they were your hands Unit
carried the naked sword and the Bible?”
“ Sir, they were my hands. I am proud of that day.”
“ And they were your scholars who worked the flags and
gave them to the Duke that day when you walked in a
procession ?”
“ They were my scholars,” she said proudly.
“ Then, Madam, seeing that wc have, if all reports be true,
n damned unforgiving kind of King, my advice to you is to
follow my example and run. Hoist all sail. Madam, and fly to
some port—any port. Fly false colours. When hanging,
flogging, branding, and the like amusements set in, I think
they will remember the Maids of Taunton. That is my advice.
Madam.”
“Sir,” said Snsan, bravely, though her cheek grew pale
when he spoke of floggings and brandings, “I thank you.
Whither should I fly ? Needs must I stay here and bear
whatever affliction the Lord may lay upon me. And, since our
Protestant hero is defeated, methinks it matters little what
becomes of any of us.”
“Why,” Bamaby shook his head, “King Monmouth is
defeated, that is most true; but we who survive have got
ourselves to look after. Sister, get a basket and put into it
provisions.”
“ What will you have, Bamaby ? ”
“Everything that you can find. Cold bacon for choice,
and bread, and a bottle of drink if you have any, and—ail
you can lay hands npon. With your good leave, Madam.”
“ Oh ! Sir, take all—take all. I would to God that every¬
thing I have iu the world could be used for the succour of
these my friends ! ” And with that she began to weep and to
I filled a great bosket with all that there was in the house,
and he took it upon his arm. And then we went away with
many tears and fond farewells from this kind soul who had
done so much for the Cause, and was now about to pay so
heavy a penalty for her zeal.
Outside in the street the people recognised Bamaby for one
of Monmouth’s Captains, and pressed round him and asked him
a thousand questions, but he answered shortly.
“We were drubbed, I tell you. King Monmouth hath
run away. We have all run away. How should I know how
many are killed ? Every man who doth not wish to be hanged
had best run away and hide. The game is up—friend, we are
spell. What more can I say ? How do I know', in the Devil’s
name, whose fault it was ?’ How can I tell, Madam, if your
son is safe? If he is safe, make him creep into a hiding-
place ”—and so on to a hundred who crowded after him and
questioned him as to the nature and meaning of the defeat.
•Seeing that no more news could lie got from him, the people
left off following us, and wc got out of the town on the east
side, where the road leads to Ilminstcr; but it is a bad road
and little frequented.
Here Bamaby looked about him carefully to make sure
that no one was observing us, and then, finding that no one
was within sight, he tamed to the right down a grassy lane
between hedges.
“ ’Tis this way that I brought him,” he said. “ Poor old
Dad ! he can now move neither hand nor foot; and his legs
will no more be any use to him. Yet he seemed in no pnin,
though the jolting of the cart must have shaken him more
than a bit.”
The lane led into a field, and that field into another and
a smaller one, with a plantation of larches on two sides and a
brook shaded witli alders on a third side. In one comer was
a linney, with a thatched roof supported on wooden pillars in
front and closed in at back and sides. It was such a meadow
as is used for the pasture of cattle and the keeping of a bull.
At the entrance of this meadow Bamaby stopped and looked
about him with approbation.
“Here,” he said slowly, “is a hiding-place fit for King
Monmouth himself. A road unfrequented; the rustics all
gone off to the wars—though now, I doubt not, haring had
their bellyfull of fighting. I suppose there were once cattle
in the meadow, but they are either driven away by the Club¬
men for safety, or they have been stolen by the gipsies. No
troopers will this day come prying along this road, or if they
do search the wood, which is unlikely, they will not look in
the linney; here can we be snug until we make up our minds
what course is best.”
“ Bamaby,” I said, “ take us to my father without more
speech.”
“I have laid him,” he went on, “upon the bare ground
in the linney; but it is soft and dry lying, and the air is warm,
though last night it rained and was cold. He looks happy,
mother, and I doubt if he hath any feeling left in his limbs.
Once I saw a man shot in the backbone and never move
afterwards, but he lived for a bit. Here he is.”
Alas ! lying motionless on his back, liis head bare, his
white hair lying over his face, his eyes closed, his cheek white,
and no sign of life in him except that his breast gently
heaved, was my father. Then certain words which he had
uttered came back to my memory. “ What matters the end,”
were the words he said, “ if I have freedom of speech for a
single day?”
He had enjoyed that freedom for three weeks.
My mother threw herself on her knees beside him and
raised his head.
“Ah ! my heart,” she cried, “my dear heart, my husband,
have they killed thee ? Speak, my dear—speak if thou canst!
Art thou in pain ? Can we do aught to relieve thee ? Oh ! is
this the end of all ? ”
But my father made no reply. He opened his eyes, but
they did not move: he looked straight before him, but he saw
nothing.
And this, until the end, was the burden of all. He spoke
no word to show that he knew anyone, or that he Was in pain,
or that he desired anything. He neither ate nor drank, yet for
many weeks longer he continued to live.
CHAPTER XXIII.
IN HIDING.
Thus we began our miserable flight. Tlius, in silence, we sat
in the shade of the linney all the morning. Outside, the
blackbird warbled in the wood and the lark sang in the sky.
But we sat in silence, not daring so much as to ask eacli
other if those things were real or if we were dreaming a
dreadful dream. Still and motionless lay ray father’s body,
as if the body of a dead man. He felt no pain—of that I am
assured ; it makes me sick even to think that he might have
suffered pain from his wound; he had no sense at all of what
was going on. Yet once or twice during the long trance or
paralysis in which he had fallen, he opened his lips as if to speak.
And he breathed gently—so that he w-as not dead. Bamaby,
for his part, threw himself upon his face, and laying his
head upon his arm, fell asleep instantly. The place
was very quiet: at the end of the meadow was a brook,
and there wns n wood upon the other side; wc could
hear the prattling of the water over the pebbles; outside
the linney, n great elm-tree stretched out its branches; pre¬
sently I saw a squirrel sitting upon one and peering curiously
at us, not at all afraid, so still and motionless we were. 1
remember that I envied the squirrel. He took no thought
even for his daily bread. He went not forth to fight.
And the hedge-sparrows, no more afraid than if the
linney was empty, hopped into the place and began pick¬
ing about among the straw. And so the hours slowly
passed away, and by degrees I began to understand a little
better what had happened to us, for at the first shock one
could not perceive the extent of the disaster, and we were as in
a dream when we followed Bamaby out of the town. The
great and splendid army was destroyed; that gallant hero, the
Duke, wns in flight; those of the soldiers who were not killed or
taken prisoners were running hither mid thither trying to
escape; my father was wounded, stricken to death, ns it
seemed, and deprived of power to move, to feel, or to think.
While I considered this, I remembered again how he had
tuna'll his eyes from gazing into the sky, and asked me what
it mattered even if the end would be death to him and ruin
unto all of us? And I do firmly believe that at that
moment he had an actual vision of the end, and really
saw before his eyes the very things that were to come
to pass, and thnt he knew all along what the end
would be. Yet lie hail delivered his soul—why, then, he had
obtained his prayer—and by daily exhortation had doubtless
done much to keep up the spirit of those in the army who were
sober and godly men. Did he also, like Sir Christopher, have
another vision which should console and encourage him r Did
he see the time to follow when a greater than the Duke should
come and bring with him the deliverance of the country?
There are certain gracious words with which that vision closes
(the Inst which he did expound to usl, the vision, I mean, of
(he Basket of Summer Fruit. Did those words ring in his miiul
and comfort him even in the prospect of his own end ? Then
ray thoughts, which were swift and yet beyond my control,
THK ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 22, 1888 — 341
EnltEKTIKK.
BRAWN BY
I unit to the pony't* head. and Banmbit, joili-l Hu rarI. lifted it
"FOB FAITH AND FREEDOM.”—BY WALTER BESANT.
342
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
li ft him anil cousirtrml the case of Bnninby. lie hail been a
Captain in tile (iret n lii'Kiment; lie would be hanged, for
certain, if lie were eanglit. My sweetheart, my Robin, had
also la i n a ('aptain in the Duke's army. All the Duke’s officers
would be Imugcd if they were caught. Put perhaps Robin
was already dead - dead on the battlefield—his luce whit<>, his
hands stiff, blood upon him somewhere, und a cruel wound
upon his dear body ! l Hi, liobin! Yet I shed no tears.
11 umphrey, who had been one of the Duke’s ehyrurgeons, ho
would also be surely hanged if iie were caught. ’ Why—since
all would be hanged why not hang mother anil me as well,
ami so an end !
About noon Uamaby began to stir ; then he grunted mill
went to sleep again: presently he moved once more: then he
rolled over on his broad back and went to sleep again. It was
not until the sun was quite low that he awoke, sitting up sud¬
denly and looking nbout him with quick suspicion, as one who
hath liecn sleeping in the country of an enemy, or where wild
lleasts are found.
Then he sprang to his feet anil shook himself like u dog.
‘•Sister,” he said, “tlimi should-t have awakened me
earlier I have slept all the duv. Well; we are safe, so far."
Here he looked cautiously out of the linney towards the wood
and the road. "So far, I say, we an' safe. 1 take it we hail
best not wait until to-morrow, but budge to-night. For not
only will the troopers scour the country, but they will offer
rewards; and the gipsies—ay, and even the countryfolk—will
hasten to give intomiation out of their greedy hearts. Wo
must budge this very night.”
" Whither shall we go, Uamaby f”
He went on as if he had not heard my question.
" We shall certainly be safe here for to-night: but for to¬
morrow I doubt. Best not mil the chance. For to-day their
hands are full: they will be hanging the prisoners. Some they
will hang first and try nftcrwnrds : some they will try first anil
hang afterwards. What odd*, if tliev arc to be hanged in the
end ? The eider orchards never had such fruit as they will show
this autumn, if the King prove revengeful—as, to judge by his
s air face, he will be.”
Here lie cursed the King, his sour face, his works and ways,
his past, his present, and his future, in round language which
1 hope his wounded father did not hear.
" We must lie snug for a month or two somewhere, until
the unlucky Monmouth men will be suffered to return home
in peace. Ay ! ’twill be n month and more, I take it, before
the country will lie left quiet. A mouth and more—and Dad
not able to crawl! ”
“ Where shall wc be snug, Burnaby ? ”
“That, Sister, is wlmt I am trying to find out. Howto
lie snug with a couple of women and a womuleil mall who
cannot move 1- ’Twus madness of the poor old Dad to bring
thee to the camp, I'hild. For now we cannot—any of us—
part company, and if we stay together, ’twill maybe bring our
necks to the halter.”
“ Leave us. Burnaby," I said. “ Oh ! leave us to do what
we can for the poor sufferer, and save thyself.”
“T.i, ta, ta. Sister kiiowest not what thou suyest. Let
me consider. There may lie some way of safety. As for
provisions now : we have tin- basket full—enough for two days,
say—what the plague did Dad, the poor old mail, want with
women when lighting was on hand S’ When the fighting
is done, I grant you, women, with tile tobacco and punch, arc
much ill place. Those arc pretty songs, now, that l used to
sing about women and drink.”
” ltumnhv, is this a time to lie talking of such tilings ns
drink and singing”
"All times are good. Kevertlieless, all company is not
fitting: wherefore, Sis. tsav no more.”
"Burnaby, kiwwcst thou might of liobin? Or of Hum¬
phrey?”
"I know nothing. They may be dead; they limy he
wounded and prisoners : nmdi I fear, knowing the spirit of
the lads, that both arc killed. \av, I saw Humphrey before
the fight, and he spoke to me”- -
•• What did llnniphivv savf"
“ I aski' l Why lie hung Ids Ili ad and looked so glum, seeing
that we were at last, going forth to meet the King’s army.
This I said.. I knew Humphrey to lie a h d of mettle,
though Ids arm is thin and his body is crooked. • l go heavy,
Burnaby,’ lie said, speaking low lest, others should hear,
‘ because I si e plainly that, unless some signal success come to
us. this our business will end badly.’ Th, it lie begun to talk
about tlie thousands who were to have been raised all over the
country ; how lie himself had brought to the Duke promises of
support gathered nil the wav from London to Bradford Oreas,
and how his friends in Holland even promised both men and
mills: but none of these promises had been kept: how Dad
hud brought promises of support from ull the Nonconformists
of the West, but hardly any, save at Taunton, had come
forward : and hmv the unnv was melting mvny and no more
recruits coming in. And then he said that lie laid been
tin* means of bringing w> many to the Duke that if they
died their deaths would lie upon his conscience. And lie
spoke lovingly of Robin anil of tlicc, Sister. And so wo
parted, and 1 saw him no inure. As for what he said, I
minded it not a straw. Many a croaker turns out in the long
run to be brave in the fight. Doubtless he is dead: mid Robin,
too. Botli are dead. I take it, Sis, thou hast lost thy sweet¬
heart. Cry a little, my dear,” he added kindly; “ 'twill ease
the pain at thy heart. ’Tin natural for a woman to cry."
” I cannot cry, Burnaby: I wish I could. The tears rise
to my eyes, but my throat is dry.”
“ Try a prayer or two, Sister. ’Twos wont to comfort the
heart of my mother when she was in trouble.”
“A prayer? Brother, I have done nothing but pray since
this unfortunate rebellion begun. A prayer ? Oli, I cannot
pray ! If 1 were to pray now it would be as if iny words were
echoed back from a wall of solid rock. We were praying ull
yesterday; we made the Sabbath into a day of prayer without
leasing; and tlii morning, when jam opened the door, we were
praising and thanking Oixl for tlie nu rey of the great victory
bestowed upon us. And at that lime tlie poor brave men ”-•
“ They were brave enough to tlie end,” said Burnaby.
“Tlie' poor brave null lying cold and dead upon the
field (milling them, maybe. Robin ", and tlie prisoners luiddli il
together somewhere, "and men hanging already upon tile
gibbets. We were praising Coil—mill my father lying on the
ground stricken to death, and thou u fugitive, and ull of us
ruined! Prayer? How could I pray from such a pit of woo?"
“Child,” my mother lifted her pile face, “ in the darkest
hour pray without censing. Even il there happen a darker
hour than this, in everything liy prayer und supplication with
thanksgiving let your requests be mudo known -with thanks¬
giving, mv daughter.”
Alas ! I could not obey tlie npostolic order. ’Twos too
much for me. So we fell' into silence. When tile sun lmil
quite gone down Burnaby went forth cautiously. Presently
he runic buck.
"There is no one on tlie road,” he said. “We may now
go on our wav. Tlie air of Taunton is dangerous to us. It
hr i ds swift and fatal diseases. I have now resolved what to
do. I will lift uiy father upon the cart again and put iu the
ponv. Four or five miles sou’-west or thereabouts is Black
Down, which is a Xo-Mau's-Lan<l. Thither will we go and
hide in the combs, where no one ever comes, except the gipsies.
“ How shall we live, Bamaby ? ’’
“ That,” he said, “ we shall find out when we come to look
about us. There is provision for two days. The nights tire
warm. Wc shall find cover or make it witli brunches. There
is water in the brooks and dry wood to hum. There wc may,
perhaps, be safe.- When tlie country is quiet wc will make our
ivay across the hills to Bradford Oreas, where no one will
lunlest you, mid 1 t un go off to Bristol or Lyme, or wherever
there are ships to be found. When sailors are shipwrecked,
they do not begin by nsking wlmt they shall do on dry
land : they ask only to fet'l the stones beneath their feet. V 0
must think of nothing now but of a plate of safety."
“ llaniaby, are the open hills n proper place for a wounded
mull?”
“ Why, Child, for a choice between tlie bills and wlmt else
may happen if we stay here, give me tlie hills, even for a
wounded man. But, indeed "—lie whispered, so that my
mother should not hear him—“ he will die. Death ix written
oil his fate. 1 know not how long lie will live, lint he must
die. Never did any mail recover from such evil plight.”
He harnessed the pony to tlie curt, which was little more
than a couple of planks laid side by side, and laid fnther upon
them, just as lie had brought him from Taunton. My mother
mnde a kind of pillow for him, with grass tied up in her
kerchief, und io we hoped that lie would not feej the jogging
of tlie cart,
“ The stream,” said Burnaby, “comes down from the hills.
Let us follow its course upwards.”
It was a broad stream with a shallow bed, for the most part
flat and pebbly; and oil either side of the stream lay a strip of
soft turf, broad enough for tlie cart to run upon. So that, us
long as that lasted, we had very easy going ; my mother and I
walking mis oil each side, so as to steady tlie pillow and keep
the poor la nd upon it from pain. But whether we went easy,
i.r whether we went rough, that head made no sign of feeling
aught, and '.ay, just as ill tlie linney, as if dead.
I cannot tell how long we went on beside that stream.
'T was in a wild, uncultivated country; tlie ground ascended;
the stream became nai rower and swifter; prt M'iitly the friendly
strip of turf failed altogether, and thi ll we had trouble to keep
tlie cart from upsetting. I went to the puny's head, and
Baniabv, going behind tlie cart, lifted it over tlie rough planes,
mid sometimes carried his end of it. The night was chilly;
my feet were wet with splashing in tlie brook, nnd I was
growing faint with hunger, when Baniuby called a halt.
” We are now,” lie said, "at the head of tlie stream. In
half an hour, or thereabouts, it will lie break of day. I.t‘t us
rest. Mother, you must eat something. < 'nine, Sister, 't is late
for supper, and full early for breakfast. Take some meat and
bread and half a cup of eider.”
It is all 1 reuiembir of that night.
(To U owii/...i'll.)
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS.
The King of Italy, acting on the recommendations of the
Minister of Public Instruction, has issued a decree regulating
the manner in which Italy proposes to celebrate the fourth
centennial of the discovery of America by Columbus. This
will consist mainly in the publication of the collected works
of the great navigator, and of all tlie documents anil charts
which will throw any light upon liis life and voyages. This
will he accompanied by a biography of the works published in
Italy upon Columbus and the discovery of America from the
earliest period down to tho present time. The head of the
Royal Commission charged with the preparation of this edition
is Cesare Correnti, President of the Italian Historical Institute ;
and among its members are Signors Aninri, Cantu, and
Desimoni, and the Marquis Doria. An appropriation of
12.1KMI lire has been made to cover the expenses of this work,
which is now fairly undertaken for the first time. Various
editors have published portions ol tho writings of Columbus,
as Navarrete the account of his voyages, and Major liis letters ;
lint no one has yet enlleetiil all his writings into a single
edition, though an index to them was puli islieil in lsi',4.
Snttlll'At, AIMM.IANC. S Mill TI1K POOH.
In reply to a paragraph under tho above heading in onr issue
of Sept. S a correspondent.—who is a member of the council of
the Saturday Hospital Fund and of the Surgical Appliance
Committee—states that all eases that come before the com¬
mittee are inquired into, and if the applicant is not in a position
to pay for what he or she requires tlie appliance is given free
of cost. He cites an instance that occurred recently : A young
woman applied for an artificial arm. She stated she was a
general servant, had a sick mother and two young sisters to
support, and that she had no means of paying for the appliance.
The committee decided to give her an order on the surgical
appliance maker to get what was suitable for her. such appli¬
ance costing tlie committee £7 Its. Another case was that of
a poor girl, who was both blind and deaf. An ear-trumpet,
which cost 12s., was given her free. The correspondent states,
in conclusion, that any applicant applying to the Surgical
Appliance Committee with a subscriber's or collector's letter to
the Saturday Hospital Fund is not sent away because they have
no money to pay for what they require.
A rifle - match held at the Park Ranges, Tottenham,
resulted in Corporal Uotlion, London Rifle Brigade, being
declared champion shot of Middlesex for the year.
The Board of Trade have received through the Colonial
Office a binocular glass, which has been awarded by the
Canadian Government to Captain Zabala. master of the Spanish
steam-ship Espana, in recognition of his services to the ship¬
wrecked crew of the barque Billy Simpson, of Nova Scotia,
which vessel foundered in the China Sea on Sept. 12, 1SS7.
Lately there has been a great increase in the articles, rach
as lace, embroidery, underclothing, painting, knitting, wood¬
carving, Ac, sent over to the Old Irish Market Place, in the
Irish Exhibition, by poor peasants in Ireland. In most cases
this work is the senders' sole means of support, and it is most
desirable that it should not be returned to them unsold.
Visitors to the Irish Exhibition would lie giving material help
And encouragement to these poor peasants by making some
purchases, however small.
POSTAGE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
SEPTEMBER 22, 1KSS.
SuWnters will pica* 1 to not Jo? that of this works mt miter forwarded
abroad must te prepaid according to the following rates : To Canada,
United Suites of America, and tho whole "f Kui"}**, Thick Edith •>*,
; THIS 1-IMTioS. (hit- iVmii/. To Australia, ilrnzil.
Uajte of (ommI Hope. China <vi;l United States >. Jamaica. Mauritius, and
New Zealand. Thick Edith>n. Thirty na ; Tins Edition. One f'nnni.
To China (via Itriiill-I i. India, and Java. Thick Edition, Fouriifnce-
halfpninu: Thin Edition. Thnr-hulfiu-ure.
Newspaiient for foreign parts must bo posted within eight days of tho
date of publication, lr. es|iectlvc of tlie departure of tlie mails.
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
It was a misfortune for the British Association when the
Social Science Association “went under” and left all the
orocheteers and social sensation-makers adrift. 1 he discovery
by two pathologists that, after all, the stays which have been
banned by so many doctors are beneficent institutions, would
just have suited the Social Science Association. There wns
a flavour of science about it, while its conclusions were
“ social”—fit for newspaper discussion and gossip. The argu¬
ment of these learned defenders of stays was that compression
of the trunk causes the blood to pass more rapidly out of the
veins of tho part, and hence the vital fluid is, “ as long as tho
compression continues, available for the use of the other regions
of the body, for the brain, muscles, &c.” Women who are without
proper tone in those muscles which the stays are designed to
support, “are rather the rule than the exception amongst
the sex. We are, therefore, brought to conclude that
among women some form of waistbelt is very advan¬
tageous—be it from muscular weakness or from a desire
to obtain easily a condition of good mental and bodily activity.
This is rather obscure; it sounds as though the waist belt
were the ambitious character who wants to easily obtain
activity. However, it has unhappily been understood to mean
that two learned professors have found out that squeezing
yourself in is good for yon.
This is sad hearing. To anybody who has the least con¬
ception of the broken health, diminished general power, and
incapacity for the performance of the dearest womanly duties
that result from the use of stays, it is really painful to
hear such theories put forth as scientific facts. The grounds
on which they arc based arc surely inadequate. Temporary
pressure on the stomach of a dog no doubt did. as they say so,
increase for the time the volume of blood going to other parts
of the body; but to leap thence to a conclusion that this
would be a permanent result is not justified ; persistent com¬
pression would surely have exactly the opposite result’
Would the hounds run better well laced tip in corsets, ns onr
new mentors seem to infer.’ The heart beats faster,doubtless,
for the moment, when pressure is put on the stomach of the
dog, in a great effort to overcome the obstacle to tlie circula¬
tion ; but the ultimate tendency of such an obstacle being
continuously applied must needs lie to congest instead of to assist
the movement of the blood—just what so many women suffer
from because of their staj's. Then again the result of not fully
using the muscles of any part is to render them weak nnd
fatty and incapable ; so that to give constant artificial support
to the muscles about the waist tends directly to deprive those
muscles of their natural force, and to bring about the “ flaccid
condition ” which makes continued pressure necessary. Nature
knows her own business best, and where she has given elastic
and muscular structures, we may rely upon it that cages of
whalebone and steel are superfluous, and constriction and
pressures injurious. Diseased conditions need their appropriate
treatment, but conclusions cannot be drawn from the needs of
the sickly about what should be done by the healthy.
Stays are, nevertheless, necessary for many women, because
they have been rendered dependent on such artificial aid by
the habits of a whole life. Stays are necessary, too . so long as
heavy skirts arc worn depending from the waist; the stiff
busk throwing the chief weight round to the strong bones of
the hips cannot be dispensed with in that case. Anybody who
wants to give up stays must take care to simultaneously adopt
“ combinations,” and to hang the dress-skirt from the shoulders,
cither by buttoning it on to a jean or other firm petticoat-
bodice. or by the ladies’ braces, now sold by most outfitters.
The tide of dress reform sets, I think, too strongly for the
paper referred to. with its insufficient consideration of ante¬
cedents and its too liasty generalisations, to check progress.
Ill-considered enthusiasm for reform is still its greatest danger.
Any very interesting social event in early autumn, such as
the first night at the Hay market was. serves to bring home to one
how different a meaning has the saying “ town is empty ”
now from that which it bore fifty years ago. In these railroad
days, an occurrence of interest will always bring 1 nek many
whom it specially concerns, and on any given day there will
ahvavs be numbers of people just ** passing through ”—resting
at their own homes for a day and a night. There was little of
that sort of thing before railroads joined the ends of the land,
and gave us all the winged feet of the messenger of the gods.
In the early part of the century, my people, when they removed
from town to their country place in the North, were three days
on the journey, driving in the private carriage. Half the
furniture of the house, it seems, used to go too; curtains,
cushions, silver, china, knick-knacks of every description,
and even the old Colonel’s pet bedstead ami bedding-
nil travelled between tlie houses when the family moved.
But then, London, once forsaken, was not to he seen
again for at least six months. How different life
must have been in those days !—so different that we cannot
realise it, I expect. One gets a glimpse of it occasionally,
more by chance than by deliberation. The old inventory of
what was moved, and where the travellers spent three success¬
ive nights on a journey which now takes eight hours, was
one such flash of revelation to me. Another was when the
late eminent educationist, William Ellis, who was “ the age of
the century,” said to me casually in conversation: “ The
population of the kingdom has quadrupled since I was a boy."
An old lady whom I met a few days ago told me that she, as a
girl, went with some young friends to view as a curiosity, on
its stand in Piccadilly, the first hackney coach that ever
plied in the streets of London. It is such trifles as these,
contrasted with the way in which we now rush from
one crowded place to another, and in which “ town ” is never
really “empty,” that bring home to one the changed con¬
ditions of modern existence. I was not in London for the first
nightof “ Captain Swift” at the Haymarket, but one who was
there tolls me that, notwithstanding the season, there was
exactly the brilliant gathering customary to Mr. Tree’s “ first
nights ” ; and on the fourth night, when I enjoyed the per¬
formance, the house was as completely filled as though we
were in June.
Metropolitan Police Magistrates are nnder no obligation to
give gratis legal advice to applicants; but when they do so
their observations are so widely reported that it is of great
consequence that the impression conveyed should be correct.
A Magistrate has twice over informed a poor woman that she
lias no remedy against a husband who has deserted her and
then returned to her home and seized the furniture—which
she had bought out of her own earnings—selling her bed for
five shillings, and threatening to sell everything else. Now,
the fact is, that in such a case the poor woman has by law just
the same remedy as she would have against any absolutely
strange man who entered her house and stole her goods. She
lias a legal right to call a policeman and give the thief into
custody, or the Magistrate should issue a warrant for ms
arrest: and any person buying the goods from the husband,
knowing them to he the wife’s property (that is, to have been
bought by her own earnings since 1870), would be a receiver
of stolen goods. The law can do no more to protect the earn¬
ings and goods of i>oor wives from drunken and deserting
husbands. Florence Fenwick Milieu.
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1
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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SEPT. 22, 1888
FEMALE CLERKS AT THE TOST OFFICE.
It ig a very prevalent idea that the notion of employing female
clerks is a comparatively recent institution at the Post Office,
and that the late Mr. Fawcett was the first to attempt it. As
a matter of fact, however, the experiment was first made
seventeen years ago, shortly after the Government had
acquired the telegraphic system of the country. The first
germ of the idea was probably derived from the fact that
the old telegraph companies employed a large number of
young women to manipulate the instruments—-a system that
has been continued with great success by the Post Office. At
the present time 711) young women are employed in the great
galleries of the Central Telegraph Station at St. Martin’s-le-
Grand ; while if we take into account the number of those who
are engaged at the district offices and throughout the country
generally, the total is considerably over 1000 persons. The
Postmaster General, in his last published report, gives the
total number of female telegraphists, together with the counter¬
women employed for postal purposes, as 3121. It was not,
however, until the latter end of 1870 that Mr. Scudamore, who
was then the moving spirit of the Telegraph Department, con¬
ceived the idea of employing ladies upon aetual clerk-work. It
occurred to this enterprising official that a periodical examina¬
tion of the telegraph messages forwarded and delivered by the
Post Office, for the purpose of ascertaining whether they had
lieen correctly and promptly transmitted and delivered, and
whether the rules of the Department had been generally ob¬
served with regard to them, was rendered necessary for main¬
taining the efficiency of the service. It was obvious that in nn
undertaking like that of the telegraphs inefficiency of manage¬
ment would be certain sooner or later to result in loss of
business and revenue. People who receive messages that are
promptly transmitted and delivered, are accurately rendered,
and are dearly and distinctly written out. arc almost insensibly
tempted to send telegraphic messages. On the other hand, if
the telegrams are delayed, or are inaccurately rendered, or arc
unintelligible either from bad writing or bad transmitting, the
public are by no means disposed to trouble their friends with
similar annoyances. Mr. Scudamore fully appreciated these
matters, and he was, moreover, well aware that the people who
are annoyed are not always the ones to complain, and he very
rightly considered that something ought to be done for those
long-suffering people who sit down calmly under their griev¬
ances and never let the Department know what they have
endured. These are briefly the circumstances
which suggested the establishment in 1K71 of
what is now known as the Clearing House
Branch, and in electing to have a staff of female
clerks for the performance of the work to be
allotted to this new branch, Mr. Scudamore
seems to have been guided by the idea that, as
it would for the most part consist in fault¬
finding. it would be well within the capacity of
such clerks. Nor was he disappointed in his
anticipation, for the work was performed in a
highly satisfactory manner, and the operation
of the check thus instituted proved so salutary
that it led the telegraph clerks throughout the
country to pay attention to the rules of the
Department, to use their utmost exertions to
get the messages off promptly, to write out the
received messages carefully, and to expedite the
delivery of those messages to the best of their
ability.
This practical demonstration of the success
of female employment on purely clerical work
sopn led to the extension of the scheme, for it
was found that they could he entrusted with
work of a more important character, such as the
preparation of the accounts against all the
newspaper proprietors in the United Kingdom
who send telegrams without prepayment. The
work is of a somewhat intricate and difficult
nature, and was formerly performed by male
clerks ; the fact, therefore, that it has now for
many years past been successfully accomplished
by females is a weighty argument in favour of
their employment to a limited extent asclerks. In
dealing with the newspaper telegraph accounts,
and also those of the various Press asswia-
tions, these lady clerks have the handling of work that yields
to the Tost Office a revenue of nearly £114.<HK)a year. The
Clearing House Branch clerks have now also the prepara¬
tion of the accounts rendered against the Royal family,
Government Departments, Ac., for telegrams, and the examina¬
tion and checking of certain accounts between the railway
companies and the Post Office in connection with telegraphic
work, and so satisfactorily has this latter work been performed
that the auditors into whose hands the accounts subsequently
pass have been able to find but little or no fault.
The quantity and variety of work now’ performed at the
Clearing House necessitate, of course, the maintenance of
a considerable force of clerks, and the staff of that branch
now numbers 174 ladies in all. The branch, which is
under the control of the Receiver and Accountant General of
the Post Office, is directly governed by a sn|>erintenrienfc, who
receives a yearly salary on a scale from £210. rising by annual
increments of £15 to £400. There is also an assistant super¬
intendent, with a fixed salary of £2»K) a year. The general
staff comprises five principal clerks, whose salaries are from
£ 120 to £ 170. rising by £ 10 a year; twenty first-class clerks, with
salaries from £85,rising by £5 a year to £ 110;and 14 7 second-class
clerks, whose salaries are from £fi5, rising by £3 a year to £so.
It was, no doubt, the success that had been experienced in
the employment of female clerks at the Clearing House
Branch which induced the Post Office, on the establishment of
the Postal Order System in lSSl,to appoint a staff wholly com¬
posed of female clerks to perform the manifold duties arising
out of that service. The late Mr. Fawcett, when Postmaster
General, alluded with pardonable pride in some of his public
speeches to the efficient manner in which this work had been
performed. That it is of considerable magnitude may bo
gathered from the fact that the number of postal orders issued
in a year at the present time is at the rate of not less than
37,000,000 a year, amounting to something like £15,000.000.
It may be imagined that these orders have all to be examined
as they come in as paid, and to be credited to the respective
postmasters by whom they are )>aid ; that they have to be
sorted and put away in numerical order for reference as occa¬
sion may require ; and that there is a large amount of work
also in connection with the orders presented by bankers, in
supplying postmasters with sufficient stocks of orders, and in
attending to applications from the public respecting lost orders,
Ac., together with general correspondence arising out of the
postal order business. It is scarcely to be wondered at, there¬
fore, that the staff now employed npon that work is very large,
and numbers in all no less than 2‘.)4 {lersons. The higher esta¬
blishment of this branch comprises one superintendent, one
assistant superintendent, six principal clerks, thirty-one first-
class clerks, and 148 second-class clerks; while tho lower
establishment consists of a force of 107 female sorting clerks, who
are, of coarse, of an inferior rank, and are employed in sorting
and finally disposing of the orders. The major establishment
of clerks is paid on a scale precisely similar to that enumerated
in the case of the Clearing House Branch ; the sorting
clerks receive weekly wages of 12s., rising by Is. a week to 20s. a
week, except twelve, who rank on what is called the first-class
of female sorters, and receive 21s., rising by Is. fid. a week to
30s. a week. This branch, like the Clearing House Branch, is
under the control of the Receiver and Accountant General of
the Post Office.
Female labour has also been introduced with marked success
into the Savings Bank Department of the Post Office, dating
from 1875. The work performed in that department by these
clerks is of a varied, and in some cases difficult, character, and
its performance by lady clerks has been, as already stated, very
successful. In a very interesting pamphlet on the “ Employ¬
ment of Women in tho Public Service.” published by Lady
John Manners (now Duchess of Rutland), that lady remarks
that “ the public has been well served by ladies, to whom the
work has furnished an honouraMe independence.” The staff
now employed upon the work, which needs no detailed descrip¬
tion, as it can be readily imagined from the nature of the busi¬
ness that gives rise to it. is very large, and comprises both
higher and lower establishment clerks. Of the former, there
are a superintendent and assistant superintendent, eight
principal clerks, thirty-six first-class clerks, and 229 second-
class clerks. The latter comprises eight first-class sorters and
fifty-nine second-class sorters. In each case the scale of pay is
the same as that of the Clearing House and Postal Order
Branches.
It is not, perhaps, generally known that the greater part of
the Returned Letter Office is now manned, if such term may
be here used, by female clerks. The work of this office is alto¬
gether of a more simple character than that already alluded to,
and consists chiefly in retnrning to the senders the letters
which the Post Office is unable to deliver. The number of
letters and post-packets of all kinds dealt with in the Returned
Letter Office last year was 13,43fi.GOO. The work, of course, is
simple enough ; hut some of the clerks are employed on higher
class duties, such as endorsing inquiry papers referred to the
Returned Letter Office, and ledgering letters of small value,
concerning the disposal of which there can be no mistake. The
results of the experience of female labour at the Returned
Letter Office, which dates from 1873, have been very satisfactory.
The female clerks here have been found to be both quick
and accurate in the performance of their work, ami have com¬
pletely surpassed the expectations that were formed of them,
while they have proved themselves perfectly amenable to dis¬
cipline. The number of female clerks employed in the
Returned Letter Office is fifty. The superintendent receives
wages at the rate of 40s. a week, rising by 2s. every year to 5t)s.
a week ; the first-class clerks receive 2Ss.. rising by Is. fid. to 34s.
a week ; and the wages of the second-class commence at 14s. f
rising by Is. to 17s.. and thence by Is fid. to 27s. a week.
In addition to the female clerks already mentioned as being
employed at the Post Office, there is a certain number attached
to the account branches of the post offices at Edinburgh and
Dublin. At the former place there are at present nineteen
employed, of whom one is superintendent, receiving a salary
of £12o, rising by £10 annually to £170 a year. The re¬
mainder of the staff is divided into a first class and a second
class, the former receiving C 75, rising by £5 to £ loo a year, and
the latter £55, rising by £3 to £7oavcar. In Dublin there
are seventeen female clerks, who are apportioned in like
manner, and enjoy similar scales of pay as in Edinburgh.
The hours of attendance for female clerks in the Post-
Office are six daily, being from ten till four, with a half¬
holiday on Saturdays, and they are allowed an annual holiday
of one month. The female sorters do not fare quite so well.
They are required to attend eight hours daily—from nine till
five—and till two on Saturdays, whilst they are only allowed
an annual holiday of a fortnight, except those on the first
class, who receive three weeks.
It only remains to say a few words as to the mode of
admission for female clerks. Ac., to the post-office, which, ns
regards both classes—namely, female clerks and female
sorters—is by open competitive examination. In the latter
class the examination is comparatively easy, consisting of
reading and copying manuscript, handwriting, spelling,
arithmetic (first four rules, simple and compound), and
geography of the United Kingdom. Preliminary examinations
are held in the first four subjects, and candidates failing in
any one of them are disqualified from taking part in the
competition, which comprises, of course, all the five subjects
above named. Application for admission to attend an
examination must be made at such times and in the manner
prescribed by the Civil Service Commissioners, and a fee of
one shilling is required from every candidate attending the
examination. Tho limits of age are from fifteen to eighteen
years of age, and candidates must satisfy the Commissioners
that they are unmarried or widows, and that they arc
duly qualified both in respect of health and character.
Similar conditions apply to candidates for female clerk¬
ships ; but the limits of age are from eighteen to twenty
years, and tho examination is, of course, of a severer character ;
the subjects being arithmetic, English composition, geography,
and English history. The fee required of every candidate
attending a preliminary examination is Is.; and a further fee
of Is. fid. is required from every candidate attending a com¬
petitive examination. For the rest, it need only be added that
examinations for appointments as female clerks or femalo
sorters are held, as a rule, every half-year ; and that full par¬
ticulars as to the mode of admission, Ac., can be obtained on
application to the Civil Service Commission, Cannon-row,
Westminster. A. G. B.
SHESHOUAN.
Sheshouan is a town of the fanatical Berbers, situated on the
borders of the Riff country, in the northern part of Morocco.
So far os is known, it has only twice been visited by
Christians. The last time was in July of this year, when Mr.
W. B. Harris, a young Englishman, tontrived to reach the
town, and remained twenty-four hours within its walls. But the
suspicions of the natives were aroused, and Mr. Harris had to
fly from the town in the middle of the night; and, remaining
hidden during the day-time and travelling at nights, arrived
safely at Tetuan two days later. Mr. Harris visited Sheshouan
in the disguise of an Arab, accompanied bv an Arab hoy who
acted as guide. Our View of the place is from a sketch taken
by Mr. Harris on the spot.
ART NOTES.
The Hellenic Society has been well inspired in publishing,
separately, Miss J. E. Harrison's interesting summary of the
progress of archeology in Greece dnring tho past season. For
those not immediately connected with the studies for which
the various schools and museums have been established, the
chief interest lies in the number and variety of the art-
treasures which are being brought to light. For these, abundant
space has been or will be found in the two musenms in the
Acropolis, in the Central Museum in Athens, and in the pro¬
jected “ Antiquarinm ” for minor antiquities. At the same
time, a museum has been built at Syra for the reception of
treasures found in the islands—Delos excepted—and another
at Tripolitza, which will contain those from Mantineia,
Tegea, and the neighbourhood. The excavations in the
Acropolis, which will probably be brought to a close dnring
the ensuing season, have brought to light the walls of the old
house of Erechtheus, and the- foundations of
the Temple of Roma and Augustus, both lying
to the eastward of the Parthenon. The Erech-
theion, it seems, is now considered to have
originally extended over a large portion of tho
Acropolis, some portions of it having been
removed to make room for the buildings in tho
time of Pericles ; just as the site of some prehis¬
toric building hod previously been built overby
the Erechthcion. Amongst the sculptural frag¬
ments discovered, Miss Harrison refers especially
to the archaic figure of a priestess in a style
of dress hitherto unknown, and to the head of
a -Triton,” in which the colours—blue hair
and beard and green eyes—are vividly preserved.
In bronze work nothing has been unearthed
equalling in beauty and completeness the
Athene found last year to the north of the
Erechtheion: but a small Athene Promachos
about to hnrl her spear, and an archaic bronzo
of the Apollo type, with both arms extended,
deserve notice. The general works carried on
by the Greek Government have in view the
levelling up of the surface of the Acropolis to
its presumable height in the fifth century B.c.,
whilst the base will be freed from the accu¬
mulated debris of centuries ; and by next May
it is hoped that some idea of the form and
actual extent of the Acropolis rock may be
brought home distinctly to the ordinary
spectator.
Outside Athens the most important discovery
of the year is that of the Kabeiroi Temple at
Thespi®, about five miles from Thebes, by Dr.
WoltersandtheGerman Institute. The American
school has been still more fortunate in its ex¬
cavations of the buried city of Ricyon, and the still richer
results of their work at Dionuso, to the north-east of Pentelicus,
and the supposed site of the earliest temples raised to Apollo
and Dionysos when they first came to Attica. At Mantineia,
the French school has discovered the site of a temple
of Hera, together with a large number of bronzes and
terra - cottas ; and at Amorgos, one of the Cyclades, the
same body has been almost equally successful. Mycena?,
Tanagra, Eleusis. Epidaurus. and ^Egina, have all yielded,
though in a less degree, fresh testimony to their importance
in bygone times—and finally Dr. Rchlicmann has identified
the site of the present Christian church at Ccrigo with the
world-famous temple of the Cytherean Aphrodite, and that
learned German is convinced that the church has been almost
entirely constructed out of fragments of the temple.
Of the many thousands of tourists, English and French,
who make Dieppe the starting point or the limit of their
travels, only a score or two seem to think it worth while to
make a visit to Knvernien, a little village or township about
ten miles off. pleasantly situated on the right bank of the
Kaulne. It has, nevertheless, at various times attracted the
Attention of archeologists, and now has suddenly come into
notoriety by the discovery of a picture w hich M. Gervex, the
well-known Belgian artist, unhesitatingly ascribes to Roger
Van der Weyden. Envennen at some remote period was a
more important place than now appears. It can boast traces
of a “cainpo santo" dating from the Merovingian period, the
memories of a castle whence started some of the companions
of the Conqueror, and the ruins of a priory dedicated to
St. Lawrence. Its chnrch or abbey, built about 1415, seems
never to have been finished; but the interior contains some
wood-carving of extraordinary delicacy and merit. The pictures
on the walls, however, have never attracted any notice, and
it was generally supposed that they belonged to a much later
date than the abbey itself. M. Gervex, however, was struck
by “A Martyrdom of St. Sebastian,” which hung in perhaps
the most obscure corner of one of the side aisles. By degrees he
became convinced of the great artistic merit of the work; and
he at length discovered that Roger Van der Weyden had at one
period of his life taken refuge at the Priory of Enverineu. and
that he had introduced into this picture the portrait of the
Prior Turold (whence the English Thorolds.) in recognition of
the hospitality he had received. Van der Weyden diet! in 14G4,
so that this picture must have been transferred from the priory
at the time of its suppression in 1510, shortly before the
present church was commenced.
The legatees of Sir Joseph Whitworth, who have given
£10,000 to the Stockport Technical School, intend graining
£ 1000 to the new G iris' Industrial School just built at Stockport.
U J-i L-ip I GUI T.
ton woodville
*
2, 188$.— 345
SEPT. 22, 1838
346
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
A SPANISH BULL-FIGHT.
We had left Morocco, crossed the Straits, and arrived at the
Koval Hotel, Gibraltar, where we heard that we shonlii be
just in time to see a bull-fight in the Spanish town of
I,a Linea that same afternoon. We procured a vehicle, and
drove over the frontier to that place. On alighting in the
S.nare 1 saw the loveliest girl that I ever beheld, waiting
there with her duenna. In disputing with my driver5 who
demanded four times his proper fare, I had time to study my
Spanish beauty’s features. We had a walk of two miles to the
bull-ring through dirty streets decorated with flags overhead
and With holes underfoot. Banners were flying from the
roo's and draperies floating from the balconies ; on each side
of the way were tents and booths to supply the thirsty with
wine and" spirits, or the handsome and picturesque women
inrge fans on which scenes from the bull-fight, were
painted. The streets were crowded with carriages and foot-
passengers. the ladies being dressed in black satin or silk,
with black lace veils or mantillas floating from the tortoise¬
shell combs at the back of their heads, and every one of them
flirting an enormous fan. There was a large crowd outside
the bull ring when we arrived. From without, the building
looks like a huge amphitheatre, with ticket-offices and turn¬
stiles guarded bv gendarmes and soldiers with fixed bayonets
all round it. We paid two dollars apiece for our stalls—or,
rather, the seats in the best portion of the circle—and when
we got inside found that we were left entirely to our own
devices to obtain sitting room, for there were no attendants ;
and finally, as the place was quite full, we had to be content
with standing room.
The ring, as near as I could judge, was about sixty yards
across, and was surrounded by tiers of scats rising one above
another, like a Roman amphitheatre, and holding about six
thousand persons. The spectators are well protected from the
bull, as there is a double barricade all round the ring, with a
space between the two fences, in which tbe bull-fighters who
are not engaged in the ring stand and watch the performance
until it is their turn to enter the arena. Behind these men
sit Spanish ladies, row above row, some dressed in the latest
Parisian fashions, with exaggerated hats piled up with feathers
and bows—though most arc dressed in the more becoming
Spanish costume; old women and young women; gentlemen in
top hats and frock coats, and peasants in shirt-sleeves and
wideawake hats—the Spanish national costume being con
spicuous only by its absence ; English soldiers from Gibraltar,
looking very smart in their red, blue, and green uniforms and
white helmets, and forming a very appreciative part of the
nudienco ; and strong pickets of Spanish soldiers distributed
here and there among the people with loaded rifles and fixed
bayonets, to prevent any sudden disturbance or tumult. A
military band, which played extremely well, gave us the latest
airs from Europe. “ Africa begins at the Pyrenees," and we by
no means felt that we had arrived at the nineteenth century
civilisation even though we had crossed over from Morocco.
The great gates of the arena were thrown open, and the pro¬
cession of bull-fighters, both horse and foot, defiled into the
ring in a double line with due formality. Then an alguar.il,
mounted on a good horse, and dressed in a black inedueval
costume of the Philip IV. period, rode up to the Alcalde, and
asked him for the keys of the inclosure where the hull is kept.
This request having been granted, the algtmzil backed his
horse all across the arena and retired. Then the first bull was
let out. The animal trotted about with an astonished air, and
looking for a way of escape : he was by no menus frightened,
and seemed very fierce with his bushy tail stuck up on end,
and evidently thought himself fit to fight the whole world.
When the bull had shown himself, the gates on the right of
the bull's entrance opened, and four or five picadors entered
mounted on miserable broken-down screws. These wretched
horses had a bandage slanting over their faces across the right
eye, so that they might not see the bull charging upon them,
biit might stand, blindly and without a movement, to be
gored by the horns till they could no longer stand. The
picadors were seated on heavy and clnmsy black Moorish
saddles with high back and’ peak, and their legs were
cased in buff leather overalls lined with bars of steel
and lead, so that they might not be injured by the
bull's horns touching them instead of their horses. In
fact, they were so heavily accoutred that they conld
scarcely walk, and could not get up when thrown, so that
they would stand but a small chance of getting away from an
infuriated bull were it not for the assistance of their comrades
in the ring. Behind the picadors followed a number of dirty-
htoking rascals in shabby everyday European dress, whose
duty it is to prod the tottering horses into a walk with long
pointed sticks, to help dismounted horsemen to rise, to-
obliterate bloodstains with sand, and to do the dirty work of
the arena. They may be useful, but they are certainly not
ornamental. The horses on which the picadors are mounted
are only put up ns ninepins for the bull to knock down, and to
gratify the Spanish passion for blood. They are miserable
screws, generally broken down cab-horses from Gibraltar and
the country round. The poor starved things conld hardly
move under the weight of their riders, and were quile unable
to avoid the bull when he charged. The men behind thrashed
them and drove them on to meet the bull’s repeated charges ;
and it iB no exaggeration to say that the wretched brutes were
goaded into tottering towards the charging bull, stumbling
over their own entrails, as long as they could stand on their
feet. The sight was a sickening and disgusting one, and yet
well-dressed women gloated over and applauded it, and if at
least four or five horses were not supplied for each bull to gore
to death, joined with shrill screams in the cry of “ Caballo !
t'aballo!" for more victims to be driven up to the bull.
There is no *|>ort in it; the head of the picador's
spear is only about an inch long, and is merely intended
to enrage the bull, a circular stop being placed near the point
to prevent it entering too far. When a sufficient number of
horses have been killed, the picadors make their bow and with¬
draw. The chulos further enrage the bull by waving a red
flag in front, of him. and eluding him when he charges. Time
after time the hdll rushes at the red flag, to find nothing but
an impalpable foe ; but, some time ago. an English bull from
Gibraltar was brought into the ring and teased by thechnlos.
The first time he charged at the red flag ; but when the chulo
tried to deceive him again, he disregarded the flag and charged
the man. This was not playing fair according to Spanish
notions, and so tbe chulo declined to have anything to do
with a bull which was so intelligent as to butt at a man and
not to go blindly for the red flag. Before the matador
entered, the banderiileros played all sorts of tricks with the
bull to irritate him. One man took a banderilla in each hand
and faced the bull as he charged. Just as it seemed as if be
m nst be knocked over, the banderillero deftly stuck his weapons
one into each of the bull's shoulders, and the animal, on
feeling tbe prick, instantly stopped dead, leaving tbe daring
man unmoved and unhurt. Another trick sometimes done is
for a man to sit in a chair in the centre of the arena and await
the bull's charge, turning a somersault just in the nick of
time, and leaving thconraged animal to tumble over the empty
chair. Occasionally a chulo will take a leaping-pole in his hand
and face the bull, springing into the air when the animal
charges, and dropping down behind the bull after the pole has
been knocked out of his hands. This is a very pretty feat; but
a bull—probably the intelligent English one—has been known
to see through it, and, at the man’s second jump, to Btop short,
leaving him to descend ignominiously to the ground, and
seriously goring him before assistance could arrive.
Then, at last, when the bull hail been sufficiently tormented,
the matador entered the ring, sword in band. The matador is
the most important personage in the bull-ring, and is the
admired of all beholders. A celebrated matador is paid as
much as g300 a day for his performance, and always has to be
in strict training, though he looks rather fleshy to an English
eye. He enters the ring alone, armed only with his Toledo
blade, and with a red flag, about a yard square, over his arm.
The matador begins as a chulo. and, after proving himself an
expert toreador, is promoted to the post of bull-slayer. Though •
bull-fighting is looked upon as a very low-ca6te trade, yet a
successful matador becomes a huge favourite with all classes,
and is generally known by some endearing nickname, from tbe
place of his birth or from a personal peculiarity. The most
celebrated matadors of Spain were Joseph Delgado and
Francisco Montes. Joseph Delgado, who was known by the
nickname of “ Pepe Illo." was the favourite at the end of the
last century. He was a first-rate swordsman, and wrote abook
on bull-fighting, which is a text-book on the subject. He was
killed at Madrid, on May 11, 1801. On the morning of the
bull-fight he felt ill, and had a presentiment that he was
going to lose his life ; but be would not disappoint the public,
and so entered the ring, where he was gored to death by the
bull. Francisco Montes, who also wrote a book on his pro¬
fession, was known ns "The First Sword of Spain." After a
most successful career, he was severely wounded on July 21,
1850 ; but was rescued by his nephew, “ El Chiclanero," who
afterwards became as celebrated as Montes himself. Amongst
remarkable toreadors must be placed the woman who became a
matador and killed her bull, like a man, for love of the ring.
A story is told of a lawyer in Seville, named Mazantini, who was
in love with a beautiful girl in the city. Bat she was bo fond
of the bull-ring that she declared to her lover that she would
never marry him, or anyone else who had not killed a bull.
The lawyer was so in love that he threw tip his profession and
renito u., CMrunoit or krazil.
turned bull-figliter, and not ouly did he kill his bull but he
became one of the most celebrated matadors of the day. lie
became so rich and famous, and was so run after by women of
all ranks, that his head was quite turned; and when it was
intimated to him that now he was worthy to marry' his lady¬
love, he laughed at tbe idea ; for the girl, who was a great
match for a lawyer, was far too insignificant a person to be
looked at by a successful toreador. It is also said that an
English officer, who had sold out at Gibraltar for reasons of
his own, went into Spain and turned matador; but he soon
grew so successful at bis trade that be had to give it up, for
the Spaniards were jealous enough of his fame always to
leave him alone with the bull, and never to distract the animal's
attention, so that he knew that sooner or later he must be
killed.
The matador was armed with a very sharp sword about
three feet long, and carried a red cloak, with which he engaged
the bull. When the animal charged into his clank, he plunged
some ten inches of his blade into its shoulder. As the bull,
maddened by the pain, dashed furiously round the ring,
we could see the long keen sword gradually sinking
by its own weight into the flesh, but before it touched the
heart one of tbe chulos twisted his cloak round the hilt and
jerked the sword out. Then it was thrust in again, until the
bull was too weak to charge any more and lay down on the
sand very sick. Tbe poor brute refused to get up, and so his
death-blow was given in tbe nape of the neck with a short
heavy knife like a hunting-knife. This rather ignominious
death was inflicted as tbe bull would not face the matador a
third time; the succeeding animals were more courageous,
and charged the red flag up to the last, receiving the death-
thrust from the long keen sword just in front of the shoulder-
blade, amid the enthusiastic cheers and plaudits of the
sncctators. The people screamed themselves hoarse with
delight, and threw hats, caps, and cigars into the ring for the
toreador. The victor bowed his thanks all round, and, picking
up one of the cigars thrown him by his admirers, lighted it
out of compliment to the donor. It was easy to understand why
every Spanish boy wishes to be a toreador, and every Spanish
irl to have the king of the bull-ring for a lover. lie is the
ero of the hour, and even a King of Spain would cut a very
poor figure beside him.
When the bull has been killed, a team of mules, gaily
harnessed with bells, is driven in, the bull is dragged otit, and
the arena sprinkled with sawdust. The same is done with the
dead horses, and then the ceremony begins all over again. All
bulls do not take their badgering quietly ; some of them jump
over the barrier into the passage between the two fences. I
saw one bull do this no less than eight times, trying to escape
from the banderiileros, and lie down between the inner and
outer barriers. Then one of the great gates was thrown back,
so that it closed tbe circular passage and opened a way to the
ring. The bull was driven round until he came to the gate,
when, the pnth being blocked, he perforce re-entered the arena.
A bull-fight in Spain is n very ceremonious affair. It lasts
from two p.m. to six p.m. for two or three dayB, and on each
day some thirty horses are horribly gored to death, and about
six bulls slaughtered. The crowded audience sit watching
the butchery with breathless interest, every now and then
bnrsting into loud applause or laughter as some point rather
tickles their fancy, and all the time the venders of water and
sweetmeats wander about among the audience with their
monotonous cries. During the early part of the performance
tbe object is not to kill the bull, but to kill the horses; and
if any picador or other were officious enough to put an end to
the tormented animal he would get anything but praise from
the rough peasants, or from the dainty ladies shading their
delicate faces from the sun under their white parasols. The
women of the lower classes bring their babies and enjoy
every point of the performance, shouting and cheering their
favourite toreadors, or bowling abuse and insnlts at the bull ;
but the ladies, though they are just as keen after their amuse¬
ment, and appreciate juBt as much every display of skill
and dexterity made by the fighters in the ring, yet
generally contrive to hide with their fans the more pain¬
ful and disgusting incidents.of the combat. No doubt, in
the great cities, such as Seville, Madrid, Ronda, Granada,
and the like, where bull-fighting has its home, and where the
performance is carried out in the fullest and most ceremonious
manner, there may be more sport in the show. I have heard
of picadors being tossed by the bull and having their ribB and
legs broken, of chulos and banderiileros being caught and
gored in spite of their agility, and even of matadors finding
the bull more than a match for them. I am only concerned
with what I saw in the arena at La Linea, where none of the
men were injured, and where there was apparently very little
danger. But wherever and however the performance is con¬
ducted, whether there is danger to the toreadors or not, there
is still the same ghastly horror of trembling screws goaded on
blindfolded to meet the charges of the bull in order to gratify
a lust for blood that calls for the bull-ring to be turned into
n shambles or knacker's yard. In the early days of bull¬
fighting the combat was a real one from the beginning; if
horses were used they were good ones, and the horseman was
as anxious to preserve his mount from the horns as to guard
himself. Though bulls were killed in the ancient arenas
among the Romans, yet the present methods and procedure of
the bull-fight are modern, and are not derived from classical
times, but were in all probability devised by the Moors
of Spain. Originally the bull-fight was conducted solely
by gentlemen, who entered the arena armed only with
a short heavy spear about four feet long. This was
a terribly dangerous sport; but in spite of the thunders of
the Church it flourished, until the chivalrous habits of the
Spaniards began to die out, and after the accession of Philip V.
bull-fighting became unfashionable and professional, though
it was still patronised by all classes, as much as the prize-ring
used to be in England. Real bull-fights were presented only
on the occasion of some great Conrt ceremonial or rejoicing,
and the last that were held were at the marriage of the late
King Alfonso, eight or ten years ago.
When the Inst bull had been killed, the huge audience
broke up, and we drove home through the streets of La Linea
with a very motley Crowd. There were carriage-loads of
Spaniards in horrible imitations of the most ridiculous Paris
fashions, and toreadors in full costume going back to their
hotels amid the “ Vivas ! ” of their admirers; and jostling
along with the best of them came Tommy Atkins, lounging in
an open carriage, smoking a huge cigar, and altogether look¬
ing an awful swell. We were well satisfied at having
managed to see a Spanish bull-fight during our short stay at
Gibraltar, though I cannot say that any of us felt very desirous
of seeing another such spectacle. R" Cato.v Woodville.
THE EMPEROR OF BRAZIL,
The precarious health of the Emperor Pedro II. of Brazil,
while sojourning in Italy and other parts of the South of
Europe, has during some months of this year caused much
anxiety to bis many personal friends. His Majesty is as well
known in almost every European country, which be has often
visited, and in the United .States of America, as in his own do¬
minions, He is a man of frank and amiable character, and of
varied intellectual accomplishments, taking great interest in
science and in literature; and, though an excellent constitutional
Sovereign of the Brazilian nation, is quite a citizen of the
world. Don Pedro is sixty-two years of age, having been born
on Dec. 2, 1825, the son of the first Emperor of Brazil,
Pedro I., and of the Empress Leopoldina. an Archduchess of
Austria. He is a direct descendant, in the male line, of the
ancient Royal House of Braganza, which was elevated to the
throne of Portugal in 1640, when the Portuguese threw off
the yoke of Spain, and which, through the marriage of Queen
Donna Maria, restored to her rightful inheritance in 1834,
with a Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg, is represented by
her son, the reigning King Louis of Portugal. In 1807, when
the French had overrun Spain and Portugal, the Portuguese
Royal family took refuge in the great South American colony,
which was constituted a separate Kingdom by tbe Congress
of Vienna in 1815. The King of Portugal, John VI., returned
to Europe and reigned in his old kingdom, but his eldest son,
Don Pedro of Alcantara, chose rather to reign in Brazil, and
became Emperor there in 1822. He abdicated in 1831, and his
son, the present Emperor, being declared of age in 18 |o, was
crowned in the following year. The Emperor married in 1843
Princess Teresa, a daughter of King Francis I. of Naples. His
daughter is married to the fount D'Eu. one of the Princes of the
French Royal House of Orleans; and lie has three sons, the
eldest of whom, Pedro, heir to the Brazilian Crown, is nearly
thirteen years of age. 'The Constitution of Brazil is Parlia¬
mentary, with an elective Senate and Congress and responsible
Ministry, and with a Council of State nominated by the Emperor,
who has also the prerogative of selecting a senator from one
of three elected candidates, and that of temporarily with¬
holding his sanction from any legislative act whichlie dis¬
approves. The empire is of vast extent, and rich in natural
resources ; its population, of Portuguese, natives, and mixed
races, exceeds ten millions ; it has a yearly revenue of more
thnu twelve millions sterling, a national debt exceeding sixty
millions, and a respectable army and navy. Rio de Janeiro,
Babia, and Pernambuco, are the principal cities and commercial
ports of Brazil. The recent abolition of slavery is an act
which reflects great credit on the Emperor's Government.
The Lord Mayor has remitted to the Organising Committee
of the Imperial Institute £21,917 5s. 7d., being the amount
subscribed for the institute through the Mansion House Fund
since September, 18SI1. The question of establishing a com¬
mercial museum in the City remains in abeyance.
SEPT. 22. 18SS
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
347
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Oct. 5,1873) of Mr. William Johnstone Newall,
late of So. 33. South-street, Park-lane, and So. 122, Cannon-
street E.C., a partner m the firm of Messrs. M‘Calmont
Brothers and Co., who died on July 2fi, was proved on Sept, fi
liy Robert Stilling Newall, of Gateshead-upon-Tyne, the
brother and residuary legatee, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of .£257,000. The testator leaves all
his property to his said brother, absolutely.
The will (dated Sept. 1, 1884), with a codicil (doted Sept. 2,
1835), of Mr. Arthur Potts, J.P., late of Hoole Ilall. Hoole,
Chester, who died on April 10 last, was proved at the Chester
District Registry, by Mrs. Elizabeth Potts, the widow, Frederick
Potts, the brother, and William Rogers, the executors, the
value’ of the personal estate exceding £37.000. The testator
bequeaths £ 100 and his furniture and household effects to his
wife ; his plate, books, ohina, and pictures to his wife, during
life or widowhood, and, subject thereto, to his daughter, Edith ;
C100 to his sister. Annie Dixon ; £5(1 each to the Plemondestai
Parochial Day Schools and the Chester Female Home; and
other legacies. The residue of his real and personal estate he
leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life or widowhood, and at
her death or remarriage, upon further trust, for his. daughter,
Edith, and then to her children as she shall appoint, and, in
default of snch appointment, in such proportions that each
son shall receive twice as much as each daughter.
The will (dated April 4,1887), with a codicil (dated April 7,
1887), of Mr. Griffiths Lewis, late of Alltycham, Pontaidawe,
iilanguicke. Glamorgan, colliery proprietor, who died on
Sept. 13. 1887, was proved on Sept. 7 last by Mrs. Mary Ann
Hedley. the daughter, the Rev. John Charles Thomas, and the
Rev. Joseph Pollord Lewis, the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £2'.l,(l(KI. Subject to the legacies of
£2tW to his first daughter, £300 to his second, and £1000 to
his third daughters, the testator leaves his colliery called the
Primrose Colliery, at Pontaidawe. and all the remainder and
residue of his real and personal estate, upon trust, to pay the
income thereof to his three daughters—Mrs. Mary Ann Hedley,
Mrs. Anna Jeannette Thornier, and Mrs. Margaret Laura
Gwenllian Thomas for life, and at their death to their
respective children.
The will (dated Nov. 1!). 1887), with a codicil (dated June
12,1833). of John Harry Eyres Parker. J.P., Commander, R.N.,
late of Ware Park. Herts, who died on Aug. 14 last, was proved
on Sept. 5. by Francis Parker, Major Herbert Scott Gould
Miles, Lieut.-Colonel Sydney William Bell and William
Christopher Higgins Burne. the executors—the value of the
personal estate exceeding £27,non. The testator leaves his
mansion bouse and premises, called Ware Park, and all his
freehold, copyhold, and leasehold property, upon trust, for his
son Francis William, until ho shall attain the age of twenty-
five ; on his attaining that age he gives and devises all the
said lands and premises to him. with remainder to his first and
other sons according to seniority in tail. After (‘onfirming his
marriage settlement he bequeaths £5(81 to his wife, Mrs. Alice
Parker: £300(1 to his sister, Mrs. Sarah Bell; £200 to his
bailiff. George Piggott; and £15.(88). upon trust, for his
daughter, for life, and then for her children. The residue of
his property he leaves, upon trust, for his said son, Francis
William.
The will (dated July 17, 1888) of Colonel Reginald John
Manningham Bnller, late of the Grenadier Guards ami
Dilhorn Hall, Stafford, who died on Aug. 0 last, was proved on
Sept. 3 by William Morton Philips, the nephew, one of the
executors', the value of the personal estate exceeding £24,(((«>.
The testator leaves all his property, upon trust, to pay the
income thereof to his wife, Mrs. Marianne Henrietta Rullcr. for
life, and after her death he gives £5uuii each to his nieces,
Evelyn Mary Manningham Ilullcr. Adelaide Marion Manning-
ham Buller, and Lilian Manningham Bnller. and the ultimate
residue of his property to his nephew. Robert Edward Philips,
and his two nieces, Mrs. Evelyn Adelaide Lane, and Nina
Margaret Philips, in equal shares.
The will (dated Dec. Is, Issii). with a codicil (dated May In,
1838). of Mrs. Hannah Morland, late of Heath Lodge. ('roydnn,
widow, who died on July 1(1. was proved on Sept. Id bv Miss
Lucy Morlaml, the (laughter, and John Morland and Charles
Coleby Morland, the sons, the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £22,not). The testatrix gives all her
jewels and wearing apparel to her daughter. Lucy : her plate
and articles of vertu between her four children and stepson;
£11W) to her stepson, Thomas Morland; £2n<8> each to her
sons. John and Charles Coleby ; and a few other legacies. The
residue of her real and personal estate she leaves, as to one
fourth thereof, to each of her four children, John, Lucy,
Charles Coleby, and Mrs. Jane Kemp.
The will (dated Sept, fi, 1883), with three codicils (dated
Nov. 11, lHSit: and July 14 and 2(1. ISSS). of Mrs. Janet Barr,
late of Oak Villa, Riddlesdown Park-road, Ketiley, Surrey,
widow, who died on Aug. 5, was proved on Sept. 8 by Edward
Dadstvell, George Verney Hall, and Henry John Mead, the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £ 18,ono.
The testatrix bequeaths £10(8) to the National Life-Boat Insti¬
tution, to found a life-boat in memory of her Into husband,
John William Barr, and to bo called the “ John and Janet " ;
£ln» to the Catcrham Cottage Hospital (Oaterham Valley);
£.i(h) to Edward Dadswell; her house, Oak Villa, to her
nephew. James Hall; and other legacies. The residue of her
real and personal estate she leaves between her nephews and
nieces (except James Hall), the children of her brothers, James
and William Hall.
Council of University College. Dundee, have appointe
i i, atrlc * c f'^des, of Edinburgh, to be Professor of Botany
aad .Mr. Andrew Paterson, Lecturer at Owen's College, Mat:
Chester, to he Professor of Anatomy. These chairs were recentl
founded by the merchants of Dundee.
The Town Council of Dnndec, at tho suggestion of th
rrovost, have resolved to present the freedom of the bnrgh t
RRchie, President of the Local Government Board, i
ecogmtion of the ability and tact with which he bad Carrie
me bocal Government Bill through the House of Common;
Mr. Ritchie is a native of Dundee.
„,’'■k* fir9t firf in the works of the Belfast main-drainag
IT? 8 C J?‘ on S< T t - 12 by Mr. William M'Calmont, chaii
V,:" ot the Town Improvement Committee of Belfast. Th
, ‘ ■ r a: " Corporation, and the leading merchants of th
“-hteiided the ceremony. The work will be the moi
liolmr J, ltakl "lf cy er entered upon in Ireland, the outla
henig nearly £ 300 , 000 . ’
A(iinl liri i t r g ? ntl flower-show of the season at tho Roy;
thcan.,”’ was held on Sept. 12 and 13, und<
exhiliinL Ce8 ° f . t K e -' ,at ‘ on, ‘l Chrysanthemum Society. Th
of the noT.' Va ? he I d at a P ei '°d too early for any large displa
This r)ofi,.; lCU * r er fl °m which the society takes its nam
Splendid .S ncjr ’ h°" -c 'ver, was more than atoned for by th
prominent W ° f , da J ,llas and gladioli which formed th
collectionsl?n are i°f the ^’dbition, and by the miscellaneoi
cctions of noral beamy which were contributed.
« rightly nmkc o
’ of our rule - i-4
’ skill, but
is ; but, in
rtved with tlianks from J J'loroo and E
no.vs op Pitom.RM No. 3314 received
No. 2315 from B Holt, A Wheeler. .
A L Gaskin, J lt>der, E Holt, ll Met
, X l)e Moray jin -1 H.-i.vDet-sur.MeiKe
ic Lowry (.Helmut),ami 11 S 11 (lieu Rli
utioxh or Pnonr.KM No. 231 * receive
Howard A, Jnjmcr Junior. H Hilbc
lifom, Bernard Reynold-*. J D Tucker
, R H Brook-, HiikIi Hrook* (Leicester’
J Newman, W s < r lie Bid* ford ».:u
ation of Problem No. 2316.
in A La&skin. Ethel, and
On-kin, nnd J Ryder: of
A Wheeler : of So. 2317
1M. T <i (Ware). Frank
itg).
■ •in TO (Wnrel. E Holt,
rasella (I*nruO, Thomas
ids). K K II, It Wortcrs
,.. .V Hamilton Dell (Exeter),
t. Colonel R E PbilliiM, Percy
1. K to Kt 6th
2. Q lakes 1*
3. Mutt's accord litffly.
PROBLEM No. 2320.
By R W. La Motbk.
BLACK.
t the British <’1i.->
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Kt to K H 3nl
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j 3o. H lo If «;t>*
1’ take- P
11 take- It
t.i to K 3rd
<» Q Kf 3rd
R to K >.j
to Ki '.ml
Mr. J.O. Howard ’
si!ion; P to K It 3rd
r to n si|
R to if 2nd
It to K »ith (I'll)
It to H Hill fell)
i’ takes H
ll to K It 2nd,
oigns.
o K H 4th
to K It 3rd
o H Uh
6. if It take* K P. P
7. It to K Kt Mh
ft. Kt toi> |t 3rd
9. if to if 3rd
white ( Mr. T.i
12. It iks K It Ptcl
13. Kt to K U uh
This move, a- Mr
Mr
Tun lor
• \<K (Mr. F.)
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i takes i) V
caftiu
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to K It 3rd
o K 2nd
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11 . K to K s(j
15. B t4> K 11 5lh
(die. rii»
16. Kl to if 5th Tt to Q It 4th
17. Kl to K 7th(.ell) It takes Kt
in. Q takes Kt if to Q 3rd
P.i. Kt to K It5th P tog 11 Uh
2d. g to g sin ( eh> g takes g
21. Kt takes 11.
Mate.
whoso death has made such a trap in the ranks of
Nva-achiv-playerof no mean skill, and always took an
atimr to the game. Whl-t, perhaps, had more fnsclna-
>nnt of tin* mathematical reasoning involved In the
the opi>oilunitv thus afforded to his facile j»on of
id study ; but. as a mental recreation he proUildy put
vel. His |K*rlodieal, Kmnrluhjr, eontaim'd a “C’hei
u the heglniihig. ninl hv his writing;
• •me obligation to his i‘
is*pularisl
Column ”
Herr Itarleh hen gave his promised Blindfold
Chess t'hib. on tho evening of Sept. 12. when a lari,
and friends gathered to wluie-s the jx*iformaiiee.
for his opponents six fairly strong pi;
■ nsiderablo adv; 1
took It. The result was that h
creditable score. In one name, mate
others were played in almost c«|unlly
protracted. Mr. (Jitesr. th
distinguished visitor to t
simultaneous games.
*, at the Zukertort
trge attendance of nicudicrs
•e. The Getman master had
half of whom he gave the
e in such eases whilst from the others he
* and drew one of each set a very
* forced in twenty moves ; nud the
. ,., d style.although the tight whs more
amateur champion, will probably lie the next
* chtb, when he will play a large number of
The Queen has approved of the appointment of Captain
J. S. Hay, C.M.G., to be Governor of Sierra Leone, and of Mr.
Gilbert T. Carter to be Administrator of the Gambia.
Detailed reports respecting the cyclone which burst over
Cuba on Sept. 4 state that the damage done to the shipping
was the greatest ever known. Throughout the island all
communication except by boat is suspended.
Mrs. Charles Turner, of Liverpool, has placed at the dis¬
posal of the Archbishop of York £20,000 towards the creation
pf a fund for assisting with pensions the clergy of the diocese
who may have become unfit for the discharge of their dntics
through infirmity. Mrs. Turner made an equal gift to Liver¬
pool some timo ago for tho same benevolent purpose.
SCIENCE* JOTTINGS.
THE NIGHT-LIGIITS OF THE SEA.
It is a calm, clear night, this, on which the good ship Adelaide
lies at Parkeston Qnay, Harwich, blowing off her super¬
fluous energy in the shape of clouds of steam, while waiting
for the Rotterdam contingent of passengers, who are being
hurried down at sixty-miles-an-hour speed from Liverpool-
street. Presently, there is a flash of light seen now nnd then
along the fen-sides which mark the near approach to Harwich,
and with a muffled roar the great engine, followed by a goodly
array of carriages, comes to rest nnder the full glare of the
electric lights of the station. Then the carriage-doors ope)),
and the vehicles belch forth their crowds, who harry down
the wooden slope to the quay-side. Forward go the
passengers for the “Ankwork's package,” as Mrs. Gamp
named the prototype of the fine Antwerp steamer of to¬
day. The Rotterdam boat lies aft on the quay. As
I step on board and survey that crescent moon overhead,
which a short time before at Clnygate. in the garden of
Surrey, was a full orb, nnd, as I contemplate the still clouds
and the calm sea, I prophesy an even keel for the Adelaide on
her coming voyage to the land of dykes. In truth, it is a
lovely night; and when we have cost off our ropes and
hawsers, and go half-speed ahead round that curve in Harwich
Bay towards the open sea, one may well be excused if even a
rhapsody on the moonlit sea flowed from lip or pen. The
whole seascape is a nocturne in moonlight. The twinkling
lights of Harwich show np the darker background of
hill and church spire in true Rembrandt fashion. Out
in tho hay the yachts and ships sleep peacefully on tho
bosom of the deep, and the rayB of each twinkling lantern
rise and fall with the swell. Away beyond, in the sea
whither every dip of our paddles carries ns fast, there are
seen the light-ships, each with its twinkling eye that gleams
lnminous for a moment and then vanishes away with the
regularity of unvarying mechanism. The deck is still and
qniet, although there is noisy clatter of knives and forks in
the saloon below. On the steamer's bridge you can discern
three or four dark figures—those of our guides through the
deep. Soon things settle down to a still more monotonous
stale than before. Save for the throbs of the engines, and the
occasional rattle of the steam-steering gear, all is at rest, and
the good Bhip ploughs her way easily over the calm waters of
the sea.
One may sit on the paddle-box on this autumn night
revelling in the beauty of the seascape around. Far away the
light-ships continue their mechanical illumination of the deep;
but as you glance over the ship’s side into the sea yon
become aware that the lights of man's contriving are not the
only illuminations which meet the eye to-nigbt. Watch the
wares which spring into existence as the bow of the steamer
ploughs the main. A long crest of foam passes away at a
wide angle from the bow. and loses itself in the wash of the
paddles behind. What is that strange gleam of light which
ever and anon you sec tipping the foam-crest with a weird
effulgence and an uncanny gleam.’ As the moon passes
behind a cloud, and the night grows darker for the obscuring
of the Queen of Night, this strange light on the waves
literally gloWR with its fiery sheen. You are fortunate
to-night in that you can see this ‘‘ phosphorescence of
the sea,” as it is named, in all its splendour. Look how every
fleck of spray seems tinged with a radiance as of jewelled
kind. Flashes of lambent fire play among the foam, and now
and then a long ripple of flame plays along the whole course
of tho wave that rashes aft from the bow. Suppose you could
lift a bucket of water from the sea to-night, and that in your
deck-cabin yon had your miscroscoj* in full array, let ns
endeavour to see what such a scrutiny of the waves would tell
ns about the cause of the phosphorescence of the deep. The
water would be seen to he alive with animalcules, each the mere
fraction of an inch in length. Closely stndied, each animalcule—
the .Xuctiutra byname—iB in shape not nnlike a bean. It ia
enrved or convex on its outer margin, while on the inner side,
it is concave and deeply indented. On the hollowed side it
hears a single tentacle or “feeler,” which is in active move¬
ment. Of structure or organisation this Noctiluca possesses
lit tie or none. It is an animalcule belonging to one of the
lowest grades of animal life. 1 ts substance consists of that life-
matter of which, nnder the name of protoplasm, you have heard
so much in days gone by. It is a little living speck, and nothing
more. Here and there it seems to exhibit spaces and gaps in its
substance, and you may discover traces or beginnings of definite
tissues in the soft mass whereof it consists. This, then, is the
Noctiluca. which emphatically constitutes the “ night-light”
of the sea. Swarming in myriads in the waters of the ocean,
these animalcules, nnder favourable conditions of heat and
other phases relating to their vital activity, give forth the
strange weird gleam yon sec shooting along the crest of the
waves. Yon can recall Coleridge's lines with apt force, when
on this quiet night yon sit and watch the play of phos¬
phorescence on the sea :—
Beyond the slnidow of the ship. I watched the water-snakes;
They tneved in tracks of sldnlna while,
And when they neared the elfish tight
Kelt off In hoary Hakes.
Beyond the shadow of the ship, I watched their rich attire;
'Blue, glossy green, and velvet hlaek.
They coiled and swam, nnd every track
tVas a flash of golden fire.
IIow and why these and other animals exhibit a phos¬
phorescent light is a problem towards the solution of which
science has, at least, advanced within reasonable distance.
The Noctiluca is undoubtedly the cause of the diffused phos¬
phorescence of the sea. The myriads of animalcules give to the
ocean the appearance of a universal effulgence. But other
animals are solitarily phosphorescent. Jelly-fishes, and tlicir
neighbours, the “Venus's girdles,” show such a light. Some fishes
also possess phosphorescent qualities ; and, as regards insects,
oar familiar glow-worm has only to be named to call to mind
an analogous example of light-producing powers. The why and
wherefore of the phosphorescence lies in a nutshell. Yon have
only to hark back to a great and leading principle in
science to find the clue to the mystery. That one force of
Nature can be transformed into an equivalent of another
force, is plain language of science. Fire a bullet at a target.
When the bullet hits the mark its motion has become trans¬
formed into an equivalent of heat. Similarly out of motion
you may get electricity, and out of electrical motion of another
kind yon may get light. So is it with life and living structures.
So much of vitality, or life-force, goes to produce motion, nnd
so much in particular cases (that of our Noctiluca included)
to produce light. Justus by the discharge of its nerve-force
into its electrical organ, a species of skate produces electricity,
and gives you a powerful shock ; so yonr animalcule, trans¬
forming a modicum of its life-force in a special fashion, gives
yon “ the night-light of the sea.”
But it is time to draw rein to these thoughts. Here is the
light-ship close on onr starboard bow. “ To rest we repair,”
as the old song has it; yet the animalcules will not cense
their phosphorescence, even when the faint rays of the
morning have brightened more and more into the perfect
day. Andrew Wilson.
l'HE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sett. 22, 1888
<7 • 1 * gvf* •• s -r
ymm$-w
'Zxmsx* *'ik
* ^
I f
t3;l;I:-r^i:'--I 5j
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS; Sbit. 22, 1888.
350
SEPT. 22, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SKETCHES OF GLASTONBURY.
The ruins of Glastonbury Abbey, one of the places visited by
the excursions of mem¬
bers of the British Asso¬
ciation daring their
assembly at Bath, were
partly described in oar
last. We may give little
credit to the old
monkish legends of the
founding of the first
Christian Church in
Britain on this spot by
St. Joseph of Arima-
tham, with the at¬
tendant miracles of the
Holy Thorn, Joseph’s
blossoming staff : the
Holy Grail, or chalice
from which Christ had
drank at the Last
Sapper; the Holy Well,
some drops of which,
perhaps, turned red by
the impregnation of
the water with iron,
were said to be the
blood of our Saviour;
and other romantic
marvels of the “ages
of faith.” They concern
old riuBPLAS at HE a. he. true archaeology no
more than the fabled removal of the dying hero, King Arthur, by
the black-veiled women in the funeral barge on the lake, to the
sacred Isle of Avalon, or “ Avillion ” as Tennyson makes it,
which some would identify with Yniswytryn, the “ glasten ”
or grey-green island, amidst the floods and swamps of this
region in the sixth century of the Christian era. But the
antiquity of the local monastery, dating probably from the
mission of St. Augustine to the Saxons, and from the increase
of the kingdom of Wessex, is scarcely surpassed. It was
largely endowed by King Ilia, in 70S and 725 ; was the chosen
burial-place of the Kings Edmund the Elder, Edgar, and
Edmund Ironside ; the residence for a time of St. Patrick, St.
David of Wales, St. Dunstan, and other Archbishops of the
early Church in this country ; and grew up, in the Norman and
the Plantagenet reigns, to be one of the most important
English Abbeys. Henry II. was one of its great patrons, and
most of the existing architectural remains belong to his time,
or not much later; a fine specimen is seen in St. Joseph's
Chapel, with its semi - circular arched windows, adorned
with zigzag mouldings, the roses, crescents, and stars
in the spandrils of the springing arches, and the inter¬
laced round arches below rising from slender shafts. The
transept arches show a tendency to the pointed form of Early
English or Gothic. The Abbot’s house, with his kitchen,
described last week, and the refectory, great hall, and dormi¬
tory, which are demolished, were on a magnificent scale. It
appears that the Abbot, besides exercising a sumptuous
hospitality to guests visiting the Abbey, kept a sort of college
for the education of nearly three hundred sons of noblemen and
gentlemen. The social and political services rendered by this
great ecclesiastical community were of considerable importance.
Its possession of extensive lands was also beneficial to the
country, in the vast work of draining and cultivating the
Somersetshire marshes, and settling an industrious rural
population, which would hardly have been accomplished
under Barons and Knights and lay territorial proprietors.
At Meare, two miles and a half from Glastonbury, the
THAN SEPT, GLASTONBURY ABBEY.
Abbot had a manor-house, built at the beginning of the
thirteenth century, which still remains, though in a dilapi¬
dated state; near it is the old Fish-house, where the fish
abundantly canght in the “mere," or pool, were dried and
stored. We give a Sketch of the building, another of the
entrance to the Alms-houses and one of the old fireplace
in the manor - house at Meare. Returning to Glastonbury
Abbey, we note the Holy Well, a famous chalybeate spring,
of medicinal virtues, which fails not. in summer or winter,
to yield the uniform quantity of 23,000 gallons of water
daily, conveyed formerly to the Abbey by wooden pipes made
of the bored trunks of trees. This water is of proved efficacy
in the cure of scrofula, cancerous hnmonrs, eye-diseases and
deafness of certain kinds, and in the relief of asthmatic com¬
plaints. So lately as 1742, it was used by ten thousand
patients resoiting thither in the course of the year. It was
guarded of yore by some of the monks, living os anchorets in
a neighbouring hermitage, which was tbcuoo called the
“ Anchorage,” giving a name to the Anchor Inn, in the town of
Glastonbury. This we learn from a lecture recently delivered
by Mr. G. W. Wright to the local Antiquarian Society, under
the presidency of Mr. Alderman Bulleid, at the opening of the
permanent Museum of Antiquities, which has been established
with the aid of many gentlemen in that part of Somersetshire.
Among its patrons are the Bishop of Bath and Wells and the
Dean and Chapter of Wells, also the Right Rev. Bishop
Hobhouse and Mr. H. Hobhonse, M.P., the Mayor of Glaston¬
bury, the Mayor of Wells, Lord Arnndel of Ward our,
Admiral Sir A. Hood, and Mr. R. Neville, of Bulleigh Court.
A loan exhibition, at the Glastonbury Townhall, contained
many interesting relics, which included the pastoral staff
and episcopal ring of Savaricus, one of the two Bishops
of the See of Bath and Glastonbury ; the Chalice of the
Abbey Church; the Grace Cup, a large and richly-carved
oaken tankard of Saxon workmanship ; the Abbot's Chair, and
the other chair, from Wells, in which the last Abbot of Glaston¬
bury, Richard Whytyng, sat on his trial before the King’s Com¬
missioners, at the end of 1539, when he was condemned for high
treason. His only crime was that of refusing to surrender the
monastery to the King, for which he was cruelly hanged, with
two other monks, pn the Tor Hill at Glastonbury ; his head was
stuck up on the Abbey gate, and the four quarters of his body
were affixed to gates or buildings at Wells, Bath, Ilchester, and
Bridgewater. The watch belonging to this unfortunate Abbot
Whytyng was one of the relics shown in the Antiquarian
Exhibition. The Abbey buildings, with the church, were for
the most part destroyed by Royal order; the estates and
manors, in the time of Edward VI., were granted to the
Duke of Somerset, by whose attainder they soon reverted to
the Crown, and have since been distributed by sale among
different owners. Glastonbnry has, therefore, a remarkable
authentic history, independently of King Arthur and Joseph
of Arimathaea, and is a place worth visiting for the sake of its
associations with the former condition of England during
nearly a thousand years from the Saxon Kingdom of Wessex.
A SPITALFIELDS LODGING-HOUSE.
The licensed common lodging-houses of London are under
official inspection ; their managers are responsible for order
and decency, and for cleanliness and the observanceof sanitary
rules. The police may visit them at any hour of the
night, and sometimes will come there in search of persons
suspected of crime, for which reason it is more likely that
the fugitive criminal will seek a private lodging. Most
of the inmates are comparatively innocent vagrants, either
tramps who have wandered into London from the country,
perhaps seeking honest employment, or regular haunters
of the streets, beggars, idle loungers, and waiters for
odd jobs, runaways from irksome employment, deserters of
wives and children, and women deserted by their husbands,
with those who have no ties of home or kindred. Social waifs
and strays, the culpable and the unfortunate, some with a few
pence or shillings to keep them from day to day, others not
knowing where or how to get food on the morrow, others
hoping to find the abode of a friend whom they believe to be
living in this huge city, they are received indiscriminately,
paying from twopence to fourpence for a bed, and they behave
quietly, saying little to each other, taking their sleep as soundly
as if they were in
the grandest hotel.
The dreams that
visit poor weary
people, often hungry
people, in such a
dormitory, where the
beds cover all the
allotted space on the
floor of each room,
may be as bright and
sweet as were those
of happy youth in a
rural home of peace
and comfort, where
the morning sun¬
light, when it entered
the cottage window,
was accompanied
with the twittering
of birds and the
rustling of a fresh
soft breeze in the
summer leaves of
trees. As death,
which finally releases
the unhappy from
life’s troubles and
griefs, is said equally
to knock in due time
at the palace doors
and at the humblest
of human dwellings,
so does the kindly
boon of slumber, the
temporary oblivion of
present woes, “ sleep,
that knits up the
ravelled sleeve of
care, the death of
each day’s life, sore
labour’s bath, balm
of hurt minds,” con¬
descend to solace the
forlorn twopenny
bedfellows of a
Spitalfields lodging-
house. It is not,
however, in the sleep¬
ing attitude, which
no doubt would
make an interesting
picture, that our
Artist has sketched
the figures of a few
of these poor folk,
but awake in the
daylight, fully con¬
scious of their actual
position, some of
them painfully op¬
pressed with anxiety,
others tolerably in¬
different, being old customers of Fortune, relying on her con¬
tinued favours more than on their own deserts. One of the latter
class is the aged professional beggar, whose venerable visage, with
his ample white beard, might have qualified him to earn a fair
income in the painter's studio, os a model for saints and sages,
if the temptation of rum or gin, at inconvenient morning
hours, did not render him incapable of keeping an appoint¬
ment. Another is the perfectly contented philosopher who
lives on an allowance of ten shillings a week from his respect¬
able son-in-law, and who has realised the truth that ** man
wants but little here below,” only a suit of clothiug, warm
though shabby, a bit of something to eat, with a cup of
A YOUNG LONDONER.
coffee, and a “turn-in” at night. Very different is the
situation of the anxious mother, widowed or forsaken, with
her babe in arms and the hungry little boy at her
side; or the misguided and betrayed girl-mother, pondering
the last desperate chance of pursuing him who has brought
her to shame and sorrow. For these, indeed, there is still a
refuge in the workhouse, and they will do well to claim it
without hesitation. The puzzled and somewhat frightened
boy, who has evidently left his friends and repudiated his
A GIRL MOTHER.
bounden duty with a view to precocious independence, should
be narrowly watched by the police, and be consigned to a
Reformatory on his first positive transgression of the law.
Seven steamers arrived at Liverpool on the week ending
Sept. 15 with live stock and fresh meat from American and
Canadian ports, the total arrivals being 1495 cattle, 2081 sheep,
aud 4361 quarters of beef.
A. REGULAR CUSTOMER.
THE LONDON POOR: SKETCHES IN A COMMON LODGING-HOUSE IN SPITALFIELDS.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sew. 22, 1888.—352
The public mind has during oevoral weeks past been painfully
excited by the unsuccessful attempts of the police to discover
the perpetrator of repeated atrocious murders in the neigh¬
bourhood of Whitechapel and Spitalfields. Those who are well
acquainted with the Lint-End of London will not assent to the
unfavourable notion ol its general character and condition which
is often ignorantly expressed in conversation amon£ persons in
society remote from that part of the metropolis. \\ hitechapel,
Mile-end-road, stepney, How, and Bromley, form a manufactur¬
ing town district which will bear comparison with similar
abodes of the honest and industrious working classes in such
towns os Manchester and Leeds and other places of the north
of England. The wide and airy thoroughfares, frequented by
decent, orderly, and cheerful people, most of whom arc in
pretty constant and regular employment at various factories;
the neatness and comfort of their habitations, and^heir orderly
domestic and social life, may be an agreeable surprise to visitors.
To the north of Whitechapel, however, in Bethnal-green and
Spitalfields, where the decay of older industries has long
caused much of that quarter to be left for occupation by a
miserable class, renting single rooms in ill-built and dilapidated
tenement houses, there is a sad amount of wretchedness, and
probably of vice, concentrated within a small space — not
worse, certainly, than might have been found, n few
years ago, in the neighbourhood of Drury - lane or St,
Giles's, but less easily watched and kept back from break¬
ing out to the disturbance of respectable society. The
police force at the East - End of London is apparently
deficient in strength of numbers, considering the large ex¬
tent of its beats; and it has been suggested, also, that the
new system of frequently transferring the constables from
one quarter to another forbids them to acquire a precise know¬
ledge of places and people. This question may be referred to
official consideration ; and there is something to be said for the
institution of a small permanent detective staff, independent
of the street patrol, at every polioe-statiou in London.
‘
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SEPT. 22, 1888
P™ BOBIHSOK, LONDON NEWS
T ^— r — -- ^IDSMITHS- AUlANf
jewellers, watoh 11 !^’ AJV< ;
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A UTUMN and jRAVELLiN G I
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PATTERNS and Illustrations
post-free.
PETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
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Messrs. JOHN REDFERw — — ^ ^Val0S.
st-siSsSAKsia
Show unusual*,..,.•..!.» for Hie Aiumnn sSlou " Tile’ new Hat "- llml
Soaring and texture. r “° new materials
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COLLARS: Ladies'*.folt|,from S* lid
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Communicating with ’ ( .
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SPEARMAN
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j royal navy serges.
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Wuhnab R£CT FROM
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Every yard bears the name “LOUIS”
qu e ality e l 0f t h r e be y st y “I d g fr0m ^ " h ’*r« t
London EC a " d , C0 “ Holborn-circus,
qualities at m ’ 09t “ d aI1
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To securo this Article, please ask for
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PEEPAfiED ONLY AT ENO’S FEUIT SALT" WORKS, LONDON, S.E.
BY J. C. ENO’S PATENT.
354
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
A SCOTTISH RIVER.
The charm of rnnninff water is infinite. There is the constant
play of light and shade npon its changing sarfaces ; the rain¬
bow glint in the foam-bubbles that float, like fairy skiffs, along
each gliding wave ; the incessant variation of form, as tho
current shifts, slants, or eddies in its course ; the various
voices which mingle in one full harmony as it swirls beneath
a grassy bank, or chafes against a mossy boulder, slips round
a ferny promontory, or glides into a sheltered bay. There is
this —and more. There is the obvious analogy which it
suggests between the passing stream and the passing life ;
each coming—we know not whence, each flowing—we know
not whither; each chequered by swift alternations of darkness
and sunshine; each with its'shallows, its sandbanks, and
dangerous places ; each with its promise of future power and
performance; and each overarched by the radiant bine of
heaven. I have seen the most indifferent persons stand on the
hank of a great river and become steadied and sobered, as it
were, by the fullness of the message it conveyed to them—a
message received almost unconsciously, and yet not without
its effect even upon the idle mind. As for persons with
an imaginative temperament, I suppose nothing else in
nature appeals to them so strongly—touches so strenuously
tho keynote of passion and feeling — harmonises in so
subtle "a manner with their finer instincts and higher
impulses. That Shelley Bhotild compose the word-music of
his "Alastor” floating along the Thames at Bisham, and
Spenser weave the rich fancies of bis "Faerie Queene” by
" .Mu I la's stream,” and Burns sing his wood-notes wild on the
banks of “ bonnie Doon," seems to me natural enough : the
sweet singers found the accompaniment they needed for their
melodies in the flowing, flowing waters.
Hut here, in the heart of the Highlands, where the mountain-
torrent leaps from the rocky height in a clond of foam and
spray, so densely dazzling that one can hardly see through its
shining folds the brown flood ih its swift descent,-how the
sound of tho waters comes home to the soul! I know not
with what vague, indefinable suggestions—with what hints of
might and majestic force—with what thoughts of awe and
reverence—for 1 make no attempt to realise or distinguish
them : I prefer to lose myself in a kind of dream of wonder,
in which vague forms and Beenes blend with vague recollections
and vague imaginations—a dream which borrows something
from the roaring voices and something from the Iris-curves
of colour which wax and wane athwart the falling stream.
I am borne away to the tiny tarn amidst the purple heather,
where, surrounded by the mighty bulks of the thunder-smitten
mountains, their splintered crags and blackened precipices,
with no other companionship than that of the lonely eagle, it
wells out into light and life. I seo it forcing its way down many
a ragged declivity, and through thick close growths of moss
and heather ; then fretting and seething in the narrow gorges
wliich in times long past it cut deep into the solid granite. I
follow it as it storms through the wild, dark glens, gathering
up (he rains which ceaselessly moisten the brushwood knolls,
and the burns that tumble from the purple sides of the moor¬
land. until, with increased volume and velocity, it emerges
upon the open strath, where the small farmer grows his scanty
crops or pastures his little herd. Past a deserted sheiling or
two. built of reddish-tinted stone, and roofed with “ fog "—
which may have sheltered some stern-eyed Covenanter in the
days of religious trouble—nndor a rude one-arched bridge
which carries across it the unfrequented road, it strikes into
the cool shadeof a wood of birch and mountain-ash, until, seized
with a wild desire for tho peace and plenty of the rich low¬
land plains, it suddenly falls, a sheet of silver, over an
abrupt ledge of rock, and into a basin of rock, where it
seems to pause and. one might almost say, take breath—
for it is difficult to think of the rushing, plunging, clamorous
river as other than a creature endowed with life as well as
motion—to take breath (as well it may) before, in three
mighty strides or bounds, it carries its accumulated waters,
with a welter, as it were, of confused lights and shadow's, and
all manner of sounds—strident, vibratory, clanging, thunder¬
ous-over an incline of some two hundred feet in all, and
reaches the lower ground in a tumult of leaping columns of
spray and tossing wreaths of foam. What a freshness in the
air ! What a greenness in the surrounding coppice, w'hich
the spray mist bathes so unceasingly that, even in the hottest
summer noon, no tan aspen-leaf shrinks or shrivels ! In the
sunshine yonder triple cascade bursts into a glory of
broken, wavering, rainbow lights—delicate, luminous,magical—
which no words can describe ; while in the moonlight it
shimmers like a veil diaphanous, of pearly gauze, which Nature
has dropped over the radiant scene ; or it flutters like a white,
wan phantom or wraith, which may, perhaps, have given rise
to the story associated with it: how a fair young girl, betrayed
by her lover, sought forgetfulness in the still pool beneath the
overhanging thorns, and now appears, at each full moon, with
white raiments and wringing hands, to wail on the haunted
bank for him who never comes.
The traveller who follows the course of a Scottish river
comes continually upon enchanting surprises. For example,
it will take him first into the bosom of a deep glen, bounded
on each side by a range of serrated heights, the rough pro¬
jections of which, however, are half bidden by thick woods of
fir, while their lofty tops flush “ celestial rosy-red ” in the glow
of a September noon. Much, by-the-way, has been said and
written depreciatory of tho Scotch fir; but for my part I hold
it to be a handsome and striking tree, even as an individual ;
while in ample groups and clusters it produces an impression
little short, I think, of grandeur. So straitly here do the rocks
confine the brawling waters, that the narrow roadway scarce
finds room to follow up the windings of the glen : these rocks
are fantastically streaked and patched with moss and lichen,
and among them lightly spring the frail stalks of the delicate
blue harebell. Of each bold mountain mass towering above
you the peasant can tell you the Gaelic name, such as Struan-
na-Barin, Craig-an-Caillach, and Craig-na-Gaur—the Queen s
Promontory, the Old Woman's Rock, and the Rock of the
Goats—names the origin and associations of which have long
since been forgotten, but recalling a remote antiquity and a
social state which has disappeared before the march of civilisa¬
tion. When the river gets clear of the glen—the profound
stillness of which is broken only by the murmur of its waters—
it passes into a valley of softer and more pastoral formation ;
where the slopes, green with birch and larch, descend in gentle
undulations, and flocks of sheep arc nibbling the crisp, close,
fragrant herbage. Having ceased for a while its contention
with immovable crags, and tormenting itself no longer in
agonies of rapid and whirlpool, our stream pours onward with
a measured, even flow', like the rhythm of solemn music. The
mountains arc with it still, but have lost much of their
sternness, owing to the dark seas of fir which roll up into
the intervening hollows, and fill them with emerald waves of
foliage.
But now comes another change. Our river clangs and
clatters over its rocky bed like an onset of horses ; then dashes
through a long irregular avenue of green boughs, broadening
here into shining shallows, and deepening and darkening there
into silent pools, where the fishermen stand knee-deep, anxious
to fill the baskets that, ns yet, lie empty on the neighbouring
bank. At one point the river-channel has opened out too wide
for its modest current—except when, swollen with the winter
rains, our river rnns “ in spate "—and there you may sec the
bonny village girls, with bare white ankles, stepping deftly and
gracefully along the wave-worn stones which, stretching from
bank to bank, form quite a natural causeway. Thrifty house¬
wives, down by the waterside, lay out to dry and bleach in the
open air the piles of snowy linen which, with industrious
hands and toiling feet, they have vigorously cleansed. A
couple of urchins, with flax-white hair, ore watching the
gyrations of n paper boat in the eddies of the stream ; while,
near by, their sisters sit on the grassy brae, picking the gowans
to make wreaths and posies. A group of cattle have drawn
together under an old hawthorn, where they can ruminate, or
drink their fill, undisturbed : while, just beyond, a water-wag¬
tail, on restless wing, is hunting for its insect prey.
Our river, on leaving this bit of Arcady, swirls round the
front of a tall grim promontory, on the breezy open summit
of which stands a feudal fortalice, grey with tjhe antiquity of
five hundred years—a square keep, lofty and massive, with
corner turret and machicolated walls. Truly, there were
builders in those days I How solidly the tower seems rooted
to its rocky base, as if for centuries to come it could afford to
defy the assaults of Time! The ivy in luxnriant masses hangs
about its battlements ; straggling gilliflowers bend to the
breeze in many a chink and cranny ; at night the owl, from its
nest on the turret stair, repeats its doleful cry ; and the flitter-
mice skim and skurry in the grass-green courts and round
about the shattered portals. But with a slight effort of the
imagination it is easy to restore the castle to its whilom
splendour, to fill the windows with the light of cressets, to
rebuild the ramparts and replace at his post the watchful
warder—while, through the open gateway, the bright pro¬
cession issues of Queen and courtiers, knights and nobles, with
the pomp of banners and the sheen of spears.
Yet another picture. Standing on a bridge of medifeval
m.vsonry, you may see our river expand into a beautiful,
shining, glowing, gleaming loch, with waters clear as crystal,
transparent as that magic glass of old in which the poet-earl
saw bis fair Geraldine—cool with the snowsof far-off mountains,
and bright with the reflections of a firmament which is just
now all alive with sunshine. Away to the westward rolls a
grand array of dark pinnacles and spires and precipices of
granite, their sides purple with patches of heather, or flecked
with silver threads—the tiny rills which ooze out of unknown
recesses, and, after much tribulation, sigh and sob themselves
asleep in the bosom of the loch-like river. Eastward rises an
isolated pyramidal mass, which the earliest inhabitants of our
land, in times long past, regarded as a vast altar, sending up
from it their orisons to the Sun-god—the god of day, and
light, and life—the god which gave them all they valued
most—the god that, night and morning, touched the mountain-
tops with his finger of fire, and filled the earth with the
splendour of his presence. Finer inspiration for bis pencil
can no artist desire than the majesty of this tremendous
height, with the waters of the broad river trembling in its
shadow ; and, in the distance, peak towering above peak, and
mountain soaring above mountain—like so many gigantic steps
in a ladder which, like Jacob's, seems to lead up to the visions
and the mysteries of heaven.
If you ask for a scene of less grandeur, our Scottish river
shall wander with you among the green holms and the waving
fields of flax and barley, where the Bough of its placid current
is almost inaudible in the multitudinous murmur of the
humble-bees that bask in the “ honeyed flowerage" around.
Then it will frolic for a while in the rocky linns, and wind
past the old mill and mill-lade into a sweet grassy dell,
where the sheep-bell tinkles on bank and brae, and among
the broom and brackens the lintwhitc builds her nest,
and the sandpiper flits from stone to stone. Whitewashed
houses, straw-thatched, look down upon it from shelter¬
ing trees ; and the kirk-spire rises above the “ anld brigg ";
and on a knoll just beyond it stands the manse, with
creepers about its porch ; and, forgetful of its noble place
of birth among the mountains, and its wild career down crag
and precipioe, and its brawling and strife in savage glens, our
river, hushed and subdued, steals away in many a coil and
link to swell the basin of another river—a river of larger
course and fuller volume—which, in its turn, will pour the
tribute of its waters into a spacious estuary, and that estuary
will widen into the grey old sea. Thus the lives of individuals
are swallowed up in the larger life of the nations, and the life
of the nations melts away into the boundless eternity of the
Past. _ W. H. D.-A.
A young man named Charles Percy on Sept, lfi attempted
to Bhoot the Niagara Rapids in a small boat. The boat cap¬
sized directly after starting, and Percy was thought to be lost.
He, however, rose again, and, skillfully avoiding the obstruc¬
tions in the way, finally landed safely in the Devil's Pool,
having performed a feat never before accomplished.
Anglers are enjoying an extraordinarily successful season
in North Wales. On the Conway, Major Bennett, Mr. Black-
well, and other gentlemen have been killing five and six
salmon daily. A small party caught sixty-eight on the Lledr,
while a large number have been taken on the Conway. It is
the best season for many years.
At the lecture-hall at the Young Men’s Christian Associa¬
tion in Aldersgate, on Sept. 17, a meeting was held in view of
the departure to Canada of nearly a hundred girls from Dr.
Barnardo's Village Homes. Mr. Robert Paton occupied the
chair. Following an address by Captain Mandeville, Dr. Barn-
ardo explained that this was the fourth party sent out to
Canada this year, and the only party of girls. Twenty-three
of the girls are between six and twelve, the youngest is a girl
of six and the eldest twenty-two. Forty had been in the
Homes from one to three years, twenty-two under one year,
and thirty for three years. Thirty-nine were rescued from
positions of special danger. These all came from the Village
Home for Girls at Ilford, accommodating 1000 girls in
fifty separate cottages. The occupants were now being
sent out to Canada, after being trained for domestic service.
This batch makes :t21fi boys and girls who have been
sent to Canada by Dr. Bamardo. The bulk of Dr. Barnardo's
address was devoted to a defence of his plan of sending these
girls out to Canada while there is yet so large a demand for
domestic servants at home. He sliowed that it cost less to
send them to Canada than to keep them in this country.
A NEW DEPARTURE.
The* publisher* of one of the leading society papers of London have taken to analy*lng wine of the loading patent
medicine*, also to Invobligating their published testimonial*, with the re*lilt of creating quite a commotion among
certAln proprietor*. Injurious* effect* likely to follow the n*cof patent medicine*, published testimonial* given from
addresses which only exist in the mind of a clever writer in the company’s employ, are fully exposed. Suit* for
heavy damage* have been threatened by the proprietors of the remedies thus exposed. Injured innocence (nit* on
a bold front, but the publishers of the paper in question do not frighten cosily ; they have taken up a question of
riul Interest to the public, and they propose to turn on the fnll light of intelligent investigation. One most excellent
feature of this exposure is that the imbllc arc enabled to discriminate between worthies* nostrum* and those really
good remedies. The publishers evidently take this view of the question, for their last litres'igatInn is a most
flatterin'? one for the proprietors of that noted remedy St. Jacobs Oil. The following Is the re|*ort, headed—
-The Verdict of the People of Ism don on St. Jacob* Oil”:- Mr. William Howe*, civil engineer, 66, Red Lion-
sireet. High Ifolborn, W.C., was afflicted with rheumatism for twenty years. Sometime* bis hands swelled to twice
tiu-lr ntciral size; hi* Joints were so stiff that he could not walk, and his feet so sore that he could not
bear any weight on them. Nothing relieved hlui till he applied St. Jacobs OIL The result was
marvel Ion*. Before using the content* of two Itottles all pain left him, and he is now In perfect health.
Mr. r. H. Palmer, Secretary of the Conservative Defence Association and Overseer of the District of ftdlnglon,
anilFor a long time I have been a great sufferer from neuralgia In my face and head, nn.l rheumatism In my
lltnlM. After frying various remedies without obtaining relief, I procured a bottlo of St. Jacob* Oil, the use of
which completely removed every trace of pain.” Mr. Edward Peterson, electric light engineer, of 36, Wherstonc-
park, 1V.( ^ said“ There can be no two opinions respecting the value of tit. Jacobs Oil. I was completely use I up
with rheumatism in my arms and shoulders; a few goo 1 rubbing* with that famous Oil drove all pain away.” Mr.
Henry John Barlow, of 4, Staple’s Inn-buildings, Holborn Bars. W.C., said “ I had rheumatism in my feet and legs,
which became so bad that I was hardly able to walk. St. Jacobs Oil removed all tain nn.l completely cure 1 me.”
Mra. Wolf*borger. matron of Moore-strcet Home for Poor. Crippled, and Orplian Bov*, 17, Queen-street, Kdgware-
roai, said that Jacobs Oil has been used in the Home, and that it to powerful in relieving neuralgia and
general rheumatism." Mr. Charles Cartwright, of No. 7, Alfred-place, Bod ford-square, W.C., said “ Having for years
been a great sufferer from rheumatism in my limbs, I used St. Jacobs Oil, which cured me directly, after other
remedies had signally failed." Henry and Ann Bright, lion. Superintendents of the North London Home for Aged
Christian Blind Women, any that “St. Jacobs Oil has proved unfailing; that rheumatism and neuralgia have In
overy case been removed by using the Oil; and many old ladies, sonic of them ninety years old, instead of tossing
about in agony, now enjoy good nights’ rest through Its Influence." Mr. N. Pricc.of 14. Tnbcmarlc-square. Finsbury,
E.C., said : -“ My wrist, that I hail stralne 1 two years before, and which had given me pain without intermission,
yielded like magic to the application of St. Jacolw Oil." Mr. J. Clark, of 21. South Island-place, Brlxton-mail,
London, sold 44 Although I was not able to rise from a sitting jmsltion without the aid of arhnlr.l was able tostnndnnd
walk after the application of St. Jacob* Oil." Mr. J. Wilkinson. 88, Bcnthaiu-road, South Hackney, suffered from rheu¬
matism In his feet and legs for twenty years. The contents of one bottle of St. Jacobs Oil drove away all pain, and
brought about an effectual cure. Robert George Watts, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.S., of Albion House, Quadrant-rond. Canon*
bury, N.,sald : ** I cannot refrain from testifying to the very great efficacy of St. Jacob* Oil in all eases of chronic rheu¬
matism, sciatica, and nenralgia.’* The Rev. Edward Singleton. M.A., 30, Botimevue-rood, Ktmiiham, said " St.
Jacobs Oil removed all pain directly." The Rev. W. J. Caulfield Browne, M.A., Rector, KltUford Rectory, said : - My
parishioners, under my recommendation, n*e St. Jacobs Oil." Mr. K. J. Feuscy, Brixfon-risc. London, was treated
for sciatica by eminent medical gentlemen in private practice and in the Convalescents’ Homo, Bexhlll-on-the-Sen,
near London. He obtained no relief, but the content* of one bottlo of St. Jacobs Oil practically cured him. This
Journal concludes its article as follow*:—** It is a source of the greatest satisfaction to us. In conducting these
Investigations, to be able to report a medicine which Is so highly Indorsed os the above-mentioned. Since making
the above Investigation, we have learnt that St. Jacobs Oil has such a world-wide reputation that her Majesty’s
troop-ships, os well as the Cunard Line and other steamers, are never considered ready for sea nntil a supply of the
OH Is on board." Perhaps there Is no preparation in the world which enjoy* the same degree of success and popu¬
larity ns St. Jacobs Oil. Its sale far exceed* that of any other Proprietary Medicine, and exceeds by ton times that
of all other liniments and embrocations combined. Tills wonderful success rests on the solid foundation of merit
which St, Jacolw OH possesses, combined with original, dlgniflod, and systematic advertising, which hns always
characterised the announcements of the Proprietors. The name of St. Jacobs Oil has become a household word in
every civilised country in the world. The great success and popularity of the Oil have become the subject of comment
by almost the entire Press of the country. In many instances the lending articles of large and Influential inpers
have been devoted to the details of what seemed to be almost magical cure* effected by the use of St. Jacobs Dll In
local cases, coming under the immediate attention of the publishers, tst. Jacobs Oil is indorsed by statesmen. Ju Igcs,
the clergy, the medical profession, and people in every walk of life.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
THE TESTIMONY OF THE NIGHTINGALE THE LILY AND THE ROSE
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
begun to torment the young idea ; the days of Skeat’s “ Id.
plain and 2d. coloured ” sheets of “ characters ’’ designed for
use in the hoys’ portable theatre ; and oh ! how we delighted but
in the possession of a sheet of his glowing and graphic illus- yiel
trations of pirates!—who, I recollect, were always attired too,
in wide open jackets, striped vests, loose neckties, short blac
petticoats or kilts, high boots, a couple of cutlasses, and by a
twice as mnny pistols — truculent personages, whom to bear
make still more formidable of aspect, we invariably provided dom
with monstachios of tremendous length and eyebrows very and
thick and black ! Then there was a most delightfnl book—a inve
small octavo volume, I fancy—entitled “ Lives of the Pirates bogi
and Buccaneers,” with superb portraits of Kid, Tench, Morgan,
and other worthies, which, as oar tutors and guardians had
placed it (very unnecessarily) on their Index Expnrgatorivs,
we were compelled to read in secret, and to conceal carefully
in our lockers beneath a pile of the “ Eton Latin Grammar,”
Valpy’s “Delectus,” the “ Grades ad Parnassum,” Lindley
Murray’s “ English Grammar,” Enfield's “ Speaker," and similar
works of approved repute. Few boys, I suspect, escaped, in
those days, a touch of the pirate-fever . It ran through a school
like the measles. Happy they who lived near a pond or stream,
on which they could launch their trim “ Waterwitcbes ” and of old,
“ Ooeau Serpents,” each mounted with a couple of tiny
brass guns, loaded to the mouth with slate-pencil-dust I How
often would we lose ourselves in a noon-day dream of far¬
away palm-islands, where we reigned as pirate-chiefs,
with no end of “ sea-rovers ’’ always at onr beck and call! Our
tents were planted on green lawny slopes in front of the
sapphire sea, commanding a fine view of “ the offing ”—it was
indispensable, that “ oifing ” !—and of our pirate-schooners,
lying at anchor in sheltered bays, the blue waves “ kissing their
taffrails,” their tall masts standing erect like Norway pines,
every rope “ taut” and every “ sheet” hauled home, and their
grim mariners all on the alert to obey their dreaded com¬
mander if he should suddenly call them to action. On the hill
above was erected an imaginary fort, armed with cannon cap¬
tured from a Spanish galleon ; and beneath was sunk a deep
cave, wherein were stored the spoils of our victorious expeditions,
the entrance to this cave being known only to ourselves and
our trustiest followers, who were bound by a solemn oath to
secrecy. Well, those dreams were foolish enough, no doubt;
but they did no harm. Perhaps, indeed, the stimulus they
gave to the imagination was, on the whole, advantageous ; and
I believe that the boys who went most deeply into the sea-
rover line of business were by no means the worst scholars.
As we grew older, however, we boys found that the world
was too carefully partitioned out to permit of our seizing upon
an island anywhere for onr personal behoof. We learned, too,
that the romance of piracy (such as it was) had passed away ;
i.nu that the seas were too well patrolled for any repetition to
be possible of the exploits of the old filibusters. We came to
the conclusion that the race of pirates was extinct—a con¬
clusion which, however, a larger and wider knowledge of the
social state compelled- ” ' ’ " ' ~
Shylock tells us, “T
thieves and water-th
suddenly upon 3ome unsuspecting craft, to board it, scuttle it,
and sink it to the bottom—unfortunate craft which, if it had
ir voyage and reached a safe haven, might have
rafairreturn for its owner’s venture! In Society,
always on the prowl. They hoist, perhaps, the
ndal—as full of evil augury as any ever hoisted
■ a Montbars—and bringing their calumnies to
reak and defenceless, rest not until they have
»1 injury. Then there be the pirates of trade
uho molest the honest trader and prey upon his
■esource, who entrap the unwary, who get np
s and swindle the widow and the orphan out of
Pirates ? You cannot take up your daily paper
-„• upon the sad record of the sufferings they
have caused, the plunder they have carried off, the tall ships
which they have shattered into water-logged wrecks. When
I see the terrible mischief wrought by these social
pirates—these “ land-rats ”—who wage clandestine war against
woman’s honour and man’s reputation, who prey upon the
defenceless, and attack the weak and innocent, I wish that
onr laws dealt with them more severely, and that some of the
worst offenders might be gibbeted in chains, like the corsairs
warning to the whole pirate brood. For there is
no-“ romance ” about them or their doings—it is the ugliest,
meanest, coarsest prose. And I solemnly affirm that to compare
with the fraudulent speculator, the dishonest trader, the
slanderer, the corrupter of youth, and the social pest, such
straightforward, such open-and-above-boord adversaries as a
Lebasque, a Mansvelt, or a Morgan, is to fling an unmerited
reproach on the older and manlier race of—Pirates !
PIRATES.
When, as Lord Tennyson prettily sings, the breeze of a joyful
dawn blew free In the silken Bail of infanoy—(the poet's
infancy ” must be construed us synonymous with boyhood, for
an infant muling and puking in its nurse’s arms knows nothing,
and. if possible, cares less, obout “joyful dawns ” and the like)—
the present writer was greatly given, he confesses, to a sympa¬
thetic perusal of the stirring history of thr ' ” * L
I think, are—or. at ail events, in my timi
ndmirers of the old sea-rov
free life on the ocean wa
most cherished inclinations,
and the strong salt winds
pirates. Most boys,
were—enthusiastio
rers. There is something about a
ve which appeals strongly to their
They love the odour of the brine
_ _ _; the roll of shining waters; the
scream of passing sea-birds : the clang of breakers on the
iron rocks; or the snow-white line of foam on the coral
reef. The vision of a corsair bark, swift-winged as an
eagle, speeding “ o’er the glad waters of the dark blue
sea,” and suddenly swooping upon some rich argosy, or
desperately attacking some strong town on the shores ot El
Dorado, fascinates their imaginations. They are not great
moralists—the boys. Many a fair apple-orchard has wit¬
nessed to their lax interpretation of the laws of mevm and
tuum. They have been known to rifle mulberries even from
the trees on the Rector’s garden-lawn. They will pick filberts
under the nose of the lord of the manor himself, and poach
fearlessly iu streams as rigorously tabooed as any South Sea
island sanctuary. Therefore, the ethics of piracy trouble them
not. They have a kind of feeling, I think, that % maritime
life is outside the legislation marie by drowsy home-dwellers.
Why should Red Beard or Black Beard, Olonois or Captain
Kid, submit to the canons of morality formulated by land¬
lubbers who have never ventured a mile from shore ? The
question seems (to them) to involve an unanswerable argu¬
ment. As for the maiming and slaying in which even the
mildest-mannered of the pirates (like Byron's Don Lambro)
indulged pretty freely, I suppose that that “ love of blood,”
recently impnted by journalistic anthority as a fault to our
English race, induces the boys to regard it leniently. When
Black Beard runs a plank ont of a lee-scupper—I hope the
term is nautically correct—and compels his prisoners to step
it nimbly with the disagreeable certainty of tumbling into
the waves when they reach the end—what can a boy admirer
say but that it is the fortune of war ! If Spaniards were
foolish enough togodown to the sea in Bhips, with the certainty
of being caught by a Red Rover or a Yellow Buccaneer, they
must put up with the dismal consequences. Hurrah for the
black flog, aud down with skulking traders and all such small
deer!
I remember the eager interest with which we boys devoured
the pages of Cooper’s “ Waterwitch ” and “ Red Rover,” Scott's
“ Pirate,” aud Byron’s “ Corsair ” ; and how we chafed and
fretted because the glorious tales were all too brief ! How we
covered our slates and exercise-books with “ Skimmers of the
Sea ’’ and other piratical galleys of wonderful swiftness—all
very low in the water, all with very sharp prows and very big
sails, all with gilded figure-heads, and portentous flags
emblazoned each with a skull and cross-bones ! Those were
the days ante Jgamemnona —before “ freehand ” drawing had
Mr. William Redmond, M.P., has been convicted of inciting
the people to resist the Sheriff on the occasion of an eviction
at Coolroe, and a sentence of three months’ imprisonment, with¬
out hard labour, was pronounced. He said he did not intend
to appeal.
Her Majesty has approved the appointment of Sir Guy T.
Campbell, Bart., for the adjutancy of the 2nd City of London
Rifles, of which General Sir Frederick Roberts is honorary
Colonel, and Lieutenant-Colonel Cantlon the commanding
officer. Sir Guy Campbell served in the Afghan campaign.
At a meeting held in Birmingham on Sept. 14, the Mayor
presiding, a resolution pointing out the advantages of Cannock
Chase for the purposes of the national rifle competitions
was carried unanimously, and on the motion of Mr. Powell
Williams. M.P., an invitation in the name of Birmingham was
given to the National Rifle Association to hold their meeting
at that place.
The Winter Session of the Charterhouse Science and Art
Schools and Literary Institute will begin on Monday, Oet. 1,
1888, under the presidency of the Rev. Henry Swann, M.A.
During the late session upwards of 1000 students, mostly
elementary teachers, availed themselves of the privileges
afforded by this institution, and of this number nearly seven
hundred presented themselves for examination, and were
successful in obtaining a large number of class certificates
and also a fair number of honours certificates, awarded by the
Science and Art Department of South Kensington.
truth of the old Je
experience. In literati
j lying in wait to poui
What d'ye lack, my Mastered
What d'ye lack l
y e Ear lie Englyjhe Soape
Establyshed ioo Years,
Pears’ Soap jg ~
TEs^oh.iAil;7RoM Madanl'e Adelina Patti.
y/iamftmnrlJl in a tchUss for the hands
• . ■ . . “arid complexion; i
lESTlMONIAL VF0M ^ i l --^
"Ihave much plea sure in stating that Ihave used
yourSoapforsornittim.e andprefei'ittoanvp^othei
JL i/dl O Soap,
A Special Preparation fory e Complexion :
»™is ufed and recommended bye
MiJlref r Adelina Patti, Mif -
trefs Lillie Langtry, and
beauteous Ladyes.
Y e Soape is marvellous for improving
y e Complexyon, and for keepynge y e
handes inne nice ordere. Y e Proprie¬
tors of PEARS’ SOAP are y e makers
bye Royal Warraunt to y e |Jrttue Of
Testimonul/rom
Madame Marie Rflze M >
Vftd for preserving the eon dfflg fthn keepii
skin soft, free from, Redness <n) d
-ougknrss, and the .hands in nice
condition, it is the finest Soap in■
Urn world. ^
All y e Druggijls sell it.
SEPT. 22. 1888
NEW MUSIC.
TJfE
—_ i JVF 0 H y g
(WPPELL and C(VS POPULAR.MUSrc. j ^ °
IJEPITA. LECOCOS PnPTTr. a -- ' ?K
ILLUSTRATED LOND OIf NEWS
IJEPITA. LECOCQ'S POPULAR OPERA
•““«* niter a run niKbes in the provtapw'
to vieit Toole's Theatre."—Standard'.' 8 dra,llu[,c ,lff 'die, ought j
pEPITA LANCERS.
A Arnuigcd by Biicaloesi, 2a not
pEPITA WALTZ.
A Ai-ntnged by Bucatossl. **. «„.
CHAPggbt. and Co.. M. Now Bend-et'rect.
pHAPPELL and CO.'S PIANOFOTITua
.V «*n“ONIUMB,nnd A 1 IERICJ N OKB A H ,„ p T ^ S '
W.. or on th. Thrw-^r.'8,Ko. or ^cumlhTn?.'" ’
(UIAPPELL and CO.'S IRON-FRAMFn
OBLIQUE PIANOFORTES. Manilfncturnd ■“ “A.ilfiD
extreme climate*. from 35 0«uZ " .. . oxproeelj r„ r N ,
parte ef the Worll. • 1Mtl "iurtl»le from nil | _
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rove's eo tMiiiriSS'i
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W 11 ™, RESIDENCE in the ENGADINE I G“ KAT E A 8 TB BN RAILWaT
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l.-ATESTand PRBTTi'k'S ^VJlrt mr, tlm '
ltSI lAItlSaud ntlNDON FASHIONS.
MYRA GIVES AWAY
the following onormoue
'• vr-r'^n^RNs S „ U ^ EMENTS '
1.0 ^Cba .for a Sir, "[c,‘X®
* brciwred ui^PariaP 1 ' 0 ^ RED rA SIirON I'l.ATK, specially
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ALL SUBJECTS OR USE OR INTEREST TO WOMEN
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HIS MAJESTV P u'c K'rNG of ITAI.Y
„ Hon. President
l SHiRTs ,;r^,: 5 ^ KA shirts.
R. VOHD^U^I^II-Tn^'nd^^iSon.
Jr« B ^™„d“ d w po-- ! 2 L « ”r”
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It. PORI) and CO. II 1'inii.pp m 1,,|lMire *°
upwards «if loo HECONDHA-Vl ... ..... ... „
rii in.V'l,
American Origins, eiiuer
tlieir Three-Vears System
TXVEXTIOXS EXHIBITIOV tl
- - -> ultry, London'.^
L HTDIUS. — GENTLEMEN’S UNDER
n'^™^n<l p CO.’S PIANOS AND
{;rp' ,o,u to new p»m,",;i,!j! r ‘ ; r^TT^ : A ^ ,]utc «*•«
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368
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 22, 1888
THE PLAYHOUSES.
The pretty and pathetic story of Lesbia and her sparrow, told
originally by tho Latin poet Catullus, ie not wholly new to the
stage. It is certain that Rachel, tho great Frenoh actress,
played in a dramatised version of the tale called “ Le Moinean
de Lesbie.” and it has been thought that Mr. R. Davey has done
little more than translate the French play, in order to provide
the brief preliminary entertainment for the American artists
who ore now to be seen at the Lyceum Theatre. But this is
not the ease. Mr. Davey, in graceful language, has told the
story in his own fashion, and when in doubt has gone to the
fountain head— namely, the Poet Catullus himself. Lesbia, a
wealthy, gifted, and witty courtesan of Rome, has left her
exalted station, her position, influence, and innumerable
admirers, in order to gratify tho ambition and minister to the
whims of a fanciful and conceited poet. Poor woman, she has
done all that faithful companion can do to make her lover
happy. But his ambition must be gratified. He frets under
the silken chains of Lesbia’s unselfish devotion, so he needs
most abandon his mistress, in order to marry a wealthy old
widow, whose social influence may improve the fretful poet's
position The news of the desertion of Catullus bids
fair to break poor Lesbia’s heart; but she determines to
win the truant back by woman's artifice. She first pretends,
with tears in her eyes, that she does not care a straw for her
poet, and then she takes to weeping over the supposed loss of
the sparrow that Catullus has presented to her in their love-
days. The poet's vanity is tickled, and Catullus promises to
abandon the widow, who has been crnelly deserted and left in
the lurch at the altar, and return to Lesbia if she will only for¬
give him. In these days of irreverence, the mention of so
humble a bird as a sparrow seemed to tickle the Cockney part
of the audience. They had no mind for Catnllus or romance,
and could not associate a poet’s love-gift with the chirpy and
cheeky little denizen of onr house-tops. But the majority of
those assembled to see the little play were grateful for Mr.
Dav6y’s clever work, and gave the American artists all credit
for excellent intentions. Miss Beatrice Cameron would be an
actress of the first consequence if she could adequately convey
the various passions and emotions that even so small a
drama encompasses. She did her best, however ; and gave a
pretty, if not a very powerful or convincing,' rendering of the
loving Lesbia. But, somehow or other, the modern actor and
actress seem to be ill at ease when they are engaged in por¬
traying character other than that of the age in which they
live. A Catullian conceit of this kind does not appear to
harmonise with the American diotion. Bnt Mr. Mansfield has
done his best to give an entertainment in some way worthy of
the stage on which it was produced.
When the playgoing world returns to London again, or
when the patrons of the theatre pass through town on their
way to country houses and shooting-boxes, they will, no donbt,
find time to study, if not admire, that curious modern product
known as “ Dr, Jekyll and Mr. Hyde." It was unfortunate
for Mr. Mansfield that he was compelled by the action of
Bandmnnn to open at tho Lyceum a full month before he
originally intended. Angnst is not the best month in the
year to produce a play quite out of the ordinary category^ and
that appeals to the more observant and intellectual of sight¬
seers. However tnuoh the mere subject of such a drama may
startle or shook the sensitive, it is, unquestionably, a remark¬
able tour dr force on the part of a young actor —this
dual impersonation. Such a play can never amuse or edify
anybody, but the student of acting will find in Mr. Mans¬
field's realism much to astonish and to provoke admiration.
England, so far, has not taken to Mr. Lonis Stevenson's
morbid psychology so keenly as did onr American cousins.
They have no taste for the unadulterated horrible in
art. Bnt whilst expressing distaste for the play they have
not hesitated to award full praise to the actor. Unless
there is a sudden rush to see Dr. Jekyll and the ghastly
Hyde during the next few weeks Mr. Mansfield will produce
bis English version of Octave Feuillet's ■* Roman Parisien,” in
which he plays with rare art a horrible old man. After that
we may have the promised “ Nero,” or a revival of “ Prince Karl,"
in which Mr. Mansfield shows his powers as a linguist and a
vocalist, as well as an actor.
For the first time for many years past several theatres have
got the start of Old Drury in the honour of starting the autumn
dramatic season. But on Sept. 22, if all he well, Sir. Angnstua
Harris and Mr. Hamilton will give ns their long-promised
spectacular drama, founded on incidents connected with “ The
Armada.” According to the programme, there will be several
brilliant scenes, in addition to a realisation of the defeat of
the Spanish Armada under the celebrated old Admirals of
history. Seymour Lucas’s Academy picture of the historic
game of bowls on Plymouth Hoe will be realised ; and we are
to see “ good Queen Bess ” going in procession to St. Paul’s, to
give thanks after the victory. Mr. Leonard Boyne will make
his first appearance at Old Drury, and the cast is otherwise a
strong one. This is the first time that Mr. Harris has departed
from modern life in connection with his autumn dramas, and
it may be hoped that the experiment will prove successful.
This would open np a new field for historical drama, that
might prove of incalculable service. Mr. Chatterton, it may be
remembered, did very well at Drury with the dramas by
Andrew Hatliday founded on the historical novels of Sir Walter
Scott.—Sept. 21 has been fixed for the opening of the New
Court Theatre that was to have belonged to the late John
Clayton, but will now be identified with the names of Mrs.
John Wood and Mr. Arthur Chudleigh. The opening play is
to be Mr. Sidney Grundy’s version of “ Les Surprises du
Divorce,” called “ Mamma.” Considering the subject, an even
more effective title might have been found in the now popular
query “ Is Marriage a Failure ? ” Mr. Hare will play the
leading comic character that was so inimitably rendered at the
Royalty—in French—by Coquelin, as that popular actor will
not be wanted at his own new theatre. The Garrick, until
Christmas time.—On Sept. 24 alBO the Vaudeville will be re¬
opened by Mr. Thomas Thorne with a revival of Robert
Bnchanan's popular play “ Joseph's Sweetheart." So that in
a very few days’ time the season will be in fall swing again.
Mr. Willie Edouin has made still another attempt to restore
the shifting fortunes of the little Strand Theatre. He seems to
bea little nnwisein hisselection of plays,althonghhecommands
a clever company, of which his wife, Miss Alice Atherton, is first
lieutenant, Mr. Mark Melford's play, called “ Kleptomania,”
has in it a certain cleverness of construction and neatness in
form ; but if there really be such a form of madness, con¬
cerning which many doctors differ, it is a disease that should
inspire our pity rather than provoke onr laughter. It is always a
mistake to ridicule any affliction on the stage, for no one ever
knows what pain may be innocently caused to the casual
spectator. Madness in any form is not a thing to be laughed
at. And surely the well of inspiration from which burlesque
writers used to draw so freely is not so dry as to necessitate a
revival of H. J. Byron's “ Aladdin,” that was produced at tho
old Strand in April, 1861, and performed seven-and-twenty
years ago by that merry company consisting of Charlotte
Saunders, H. J. Turner, Fanny Josephs, Marie Wilton, John
Clarke, Kate Carson, Danvers, Nellie Bnfton, and Janies
Rogers. Mr. Edouin is amusing enough as the Widow
Twankay, and he receives excellent support from Miss
Atherton and Miss Susie Vaughan, a versatile and excellent
actress. But the manager of the Strand should call on such
veterans as Burnand or Robert Reece, or summon to his aid
the twin brethren Richard Henry, or Robert Martin, in order to
give us some fnn of a newer pattern than “ Aladdin." Playgoers
will not be pnt off with old lamps for new, even when they
were made originally by such a humourist as H. J. Byron.
The Queen has presented an engraving of herself bearing n
gracious inscription, signed by her Majesty, to Miss Emily
Faithfull, who has just completed the thirtieth year of her
work in promoting the educational and industrial interests of
women.
The marine painter Herr Salzmann, who accompanied the
German Emperor on his recent voyage to Russia, has received,
in recognition of the merits of his picture at this year's Exhi¬
bition, the highest distinction for artists—namely, the great
gold medal.
MARRIAGE.
On Sept 12, at Christ Church, 'Wellington, Salop, by the Eev. T. Owen,
Vicar, assisted by the Rev. T. L, Butler, M.A., Vicar of Adbaston, the Rev.
l)r. Bulllnger, vicar of Walthamstow, the Bev. & E. Vs US Vicar of
Madeley, and the Rev. James Dixon, cousin of the bride, William Parkin,
great-nephew end heir of the late George Moore, the philanthropist, to Lucy
Josephine Cranage, the only daughter of Dr. Cranage, of Wellington, Salop.
The charge for the insertion of Births, Marriages, anil Deaths,
is Five Shillings,
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OLLO WAY'S PILLS and OINTMENT.
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F. O. RUSSELL, Woburn House,
27, Store-street, Bedford-sqoare, London, W.C.
Dbordc
DVICE TO MOTHERS.—Are yon broken
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approval on recoipt of P.O.O.,and rtrait Lance returned if.<>n
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Address : Publisher, 46, Holborn
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mm
REGISTERED
IE UAL
TU.ANSMH
JIUO AD.
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1888.
vol. xcni,
GERMANY
CONGRATULATES
AUSTRALIA
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON XEWS
SEPT. 20. 18<S
2
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYS.
The reading of the last published Judicial statistics is calculated
t > astonish a good many people who have a general notion that
save “in exceptional cases, don’t you know, like this White¬
chapel business,” murders are pretty sure to be found out. I:
appears by the Government report that every year, exclusive of
infanticides (which are not so alarming to the adult reader),
there are no less than fifty undiscovered murders! Impunity
in some cases multiplies the offence (“ Yon sec how one black
sin brings on another. like little nigger pickaninny riding
pickaback upon him mother ”), and it is possible that two or
three of these murders may be committed by one criminal: but
even that deduct ion leaves a handsome average of forty murderers
per annum at largo. This disproves, for one thing, the com¬
fortable theory that the consciousness of *• the guilt of blood *’
is something that no man can rid of. and which renders life
insupportable ; and. indeed, the man who gives himself up for
a long undiscovered murder is almost never the man who lias
com mitred it. It is probable, therefore (since it is the well-
to-do who ofrenest escape justice), that all of us who mix
much in society number at least one murderer among our
acquaintance : and it will l>e an interesting exercise of the
fancy to guess who it is most likely to be.
The German Emperor has enacted that henceforth at the
Imperial dinners a German menu shall take the place of the
hitherto unavoidable French bill-of-fare. It is a patriotic act
in any ruler, hut especially so in one who reigns over a country
in which there is little (to speak of, and much less to write of)
to eat. I sincerely hope that this custom of calling national
dishes, at least, by their national names will be developed. In
England, where we have the best eatables that are to be found
anywhere, it is especially absurd to call our dishes by foreign
titles. If there must be a French menu, let it, at all events,
be provided by a French cook. Anything more ludicrous than
the aping of foreign names for the dishes that are set before us
at an English hotel is not to be conceived. As a rule, the more
pretentious are their carle*. the more abominable is their food.
Why cannot plain English be used to describe English fare ?
What in the sacred name of gastronomy is meant-by “ Aicyan
de boi'uf ” ? A friend pointed out to me, the other day, on the
carte of a great hotel at a health resort. “Demoiselle*
d’honueur”—a dainty which, though familiar enough to us
English, would he absolutely meaningless to a Frenchman. I
have never seen it done, but I believe hotel-keepers—and, for
that matter, hosts who ought to know much better—are quite
capable of setting before their guests a French rendering of
Devonshire cream and raspberry and currant tart—delicacies. I
am proud to say. indigenous to my native land, and about
which there is only one drawback : they are a little ** too yo*ut
for human nature's daily food.” As an honest man grows old,
the thing he gets to hate most is affectation ; and a French
menu prepared hv an English cook, out of English ingredients,
seems to me the very height of it.
A man war. given into custody, the other day, for attempt¬
ing to commit suicide from London Bridge. His defence was
that his hat blew over, and that he jumped into the river after
it ; and certainly, when he was picked up. half-drowned and
dripping, his first inquiry was after his hat. The Magistrate
thought it a very strange thing that he should risk his life for
an article of such little value; yet very likely, in walking to the
court himself that morning, his worship had stepped on to the wet
wooden pavement in front of a railway-van, rather than lose
one second of his time (which was of no sort of consequence)
by waiting till it had passed by. Even the wise man whose
motto is ” No risk, as the goose said when she stooped under
the barn-door.” is constantly making a fool of himself in this
way ; for the most calculating of men are, in such matters,
often the creatures of impulse. Comparison—the relative
value of one object to another—is a thing which, on the
instant, seldom presents itself to men, and not even when they
have time to think about it, to women. When the wit utters
his sarcasm that makes an enemy for life; when the Cit of
‘•fall habit” runs up the incline to save ten minutes by
catching the early train, they are both jumping after their
bats—and poor hats, too—off the river bridge.
At a watering-place in Somersetshire, where threepence is
charged in the local paper for the insertion of the word
*• Esquire” after the name of a visitor, I read that “in the
present weekly issue not a single individual has availed
himself of the privilege.” This is really very encouraging.
One would have expected that " Threepence more and up goes
the donkey ! " was a cry that on this occasion would certainly
have evoked that animal. One can hardly hope, however,
that such conduct indicates any decay of snobbism: I am
afraid it arises from the experience of the Jury List, in which
it is notorious that those who call themselves Esquire* are
(very properly, as having, presumably, not to work for their
bread) more often selected than those who do not aspire to
that ambitious title. Lists of visitors at “ health-resorts,” ns
watering-places are now called, form a literature of their
own: Mr. Brown adds “ of London ” to his name, as though
it were a territorial title. At a southern seaside place (it iva*.
it must he confessed. at rather a slack time) I once read among
tl'.e fashionable arrivals, ** Captain Jones and lady and baby.”
If Miss Kilmansegge had been a pauper, she would have
had a wooden leg instead of a gold one. and the world would
have lost a fine poem : but it is certain (except for the look of
the leg) that in that case she would have l>cen more comfort¬
able. The disadvantages of having even a wooden leg an*,
indeed, serious : but. as one would have imagined, obvious. It
i* clear that it is liable (like good Mr. Gamp’s) to get fast in
the water-plug*, and to Ik* carried off (with you on it) by so no
Newfoundland, who mistook it for another bit of wood for
which he is “ seeking ” ; half your ‘cure for a cold” (as Hood
drew it) is gone when you have only one leg to put in hot
water : you can never stand on tip-toe. nor. however necessary
may be caution and secrecy, enter a room without “ tapping” ;
the necessity, when sitting, of keeping it at right angles, like
a bayonet brought to the charge, must also be very incon¬
venient. But all these drawbacks are on the surface, though
you can scarcely call them skin deep. No one would have
imagined, had it not been disclosed in a debate among the
Guardians of the City of London Union, the other day, that a
wooden leg was liable to lie “ tampered with.” In the
flesh jokes have often been played on legs, hut surely not
in timber ! Where would be the fun of •• splashing ” a wooden
leg, or running a pin into the calf of it? and if “ tampering ”
doesn’t mean practical joking, what tfoe* it mean? The rest
of the story is simple enough, though by no means of every¬
day occurrence. A pauper applied to the Guardians to have
bis wooden leg repaired, an article which they had themselves
procured for him at the cost of fifty shillings. As the estimate
for “ repairs” reached this sum the “economic section ” of the
Board, not unnaturally, objected to this item. They proposed
that a pound should be paid for absolutely necessary expenses,
and so far they have my sympathy as a practical man ; but they
added this extraordinary *• rider ’’—that, in their opinion. “ no
alterations would have been required had not the leg been
* tampered with.’ ” I must have this explained if the
“economic section” wishes for my continued support. I
shrink from an alliance with persons who make these dark
allusions to a crime the very nature of which my intelligencs
is unable to grapple with. How ran you “ tamper with ” a
wooden leg ?_
The “ Merry, merry Swis; Boy ” has much to comfort him; it
is no wonder that he *• jodels,” and makes other noises indica¬
tive of happiness, and which he confidently believes to be
harmonious. His purse at the end of the season is heavy with
English and American money: the mountains, if not “ a
glorious heritage” to him, afford him a considerable income.
If he is good, we know that he is happy ; if he is not good,
and wants to commit a murder, there are cantons close at
hand in which the punishment of death has been abolished.
Moreover, in one of them at least, there are no taxes. “ Our
cash in hand,” says the Government of Unterwalden, “is
sufficient to provide for the public expenditure, and no taxes
will therefore be levied during the current year.” Imagine
the British Government making such an observation ! In an
admirable article on “ Taxation,” it was once observed of the
dying Englishman that, after being taxed all liis life, “lie
pours his medicine, which has paid 7 percent, into a spoon that
has paid 1.) per cent, flings himself back upon his chintz bed
which has paid 22 per cent, makes his will on an CS stamp,
and expires in the arms of an apothecary who has paid a license
of £li)0 for the privilege of killing him.” Its unparalleled
freedom from imposts has caused of late a great deal of
nonsense to be written about Switzerland. “ Look how admir¬
ably *hv manages ! Hoiv extremely limited arc her naval
expenses ! If we had the snmefoim of government, wo should
be governed with equal cheapness.” But the fact is. ii is a
great advantage to live in a country that nobody wants to
enter—far less to conquer—except in the summer months.
Switzerland is in the happy position of the crow, as described
by the author of “ Festus ”—
Oli ’ *tu ji*Hv M ilvn PUi- ili ■ mi :it Miifk crow,
l\.r no on«-both nil him wli. in. r h - p*.
It is known that Switzerland is not rich, and also that she is
exceedingly tough, s > nobody wants to eat her.
The question of “ Is Life worth living !” has given place to
the more sensible one of ‘-Is Life worth living long?” The
former, except to that small minority who were meditating
suicide, was a purely theoretic investigation : nothing could
come of it, even if it was answered to the general satisfaction,
of which there was no sign: hut. whether it is worth while,
by keeping one's temper, bathing in ice-cold water, abstinence
from tobacco^.guy other disagreeable device, to prolong our
three score years and ten to five score years is an inquiry that
has some practical interest. It svins pretty clear that if we
take trouble enough, and consent to do without many things
that seem essential to our comfort, it is as easy to live
a little longer as it is to make money. The same sort of
sacrifice is demanded in each case, but the advantage is
much more clear in the latter. If twenty-five years of health
and strength could be added to human life, then, indeed,
the discovery would be a boon to man ; but the modern advo¬
cates of longevity do not seem to hold forth any such expecta¬
tion. A little less rheumatism, a little less weakness, perhaps,
purchased by the lack of many enjoyments, is all that they
promise to the septuagenarian, who (like the ancient, not
modern, knight almost as witty as FalsiafF) would be ” buried
in a Gentry box.”
The apostle of this new faith, in urging its claims upon
humanity, inquires. “ Who knows how often, since the dawn of
modern science, the chill of death has palsied a hand that had
all but lifted the veil of the Isis in the Temple? Or in how
many thousand lives time alone would have solved all discords
into harmony ?” An elopient appeal enough, but how con¬
trary in v. sargunicnts to human experience! The septuagenarian
rarely, indeed, employs himself in the occupation indicated,
and if he docs -or in other words endeavours to pursue the
same path that led him to glory and t> fame in his maturity,
what a mess he generally makes of it! How often do we hear
it said. “ What a pity it is that this or that great man (politician,
poet, painter, or what you will) did not die ten years ago ! ”
Then as for longevity making harmonies of discords, can any¬
one acquainted with human nature believe that misunder¬
standings with our fellow creatures arc likely to be dissipated
by a few more years added to the sum of our lives ? Among
the moral attractions of old age can certainly not be reckoned
freedom from prejudice, ora readiness to makeallowancc for the
shortcomings of others • no man is so old and feeble but that he can
be stubborn in his own opinion ; he may be weak as regards
his cook-housekeeper, but he is generally resolute enough
(though often wrong) in the judgment ho has formed of hi?*,
relatives and belongings. The best and wisest of the grey¬
beards I have known have accepted their old age in patience,
but with none of that pretence of welcome that is to be found
in sermons and essays <lc >Vm eetute ; it is. at best, a bathos, and
I have noticed that the desire of abuormally prolonging it,
which some old persons entertain, is seldom shared by those
who have most to do with them.
the corin'.
Her Majesty has walked and taken drives daily in the neigh¬
bourhood of Balmoral. On Sept. l‘» the Duchess of Albany
dined with the Queen and Royal family. Earl Cadogan and
Sir Robert Collins were included in the Royal dinner-party,
and Lady Collins and the other ladies and gentlemen joined
the Royal circle in the evening. Prince Albert Victor of
Wales left the castle for York on the 20th. Earl Cadognn had
the honour of dining with the Queen and the Royal family.
On the 21st. Princess Frederica and Baron Von Pawel Rarnin-
ingen dined with the Queen and the Royal family ; Miss
Trotter and the other ladies and gentlemen joining the Royal
circle in the evening. Earl Cadogan had the honour of dining
with the Queen. Monsieur Johannes Wolff, violinist to the
King of the Netherlands, accompanied by Mr. Raphael Roche,
had the honour of playing before the Queen and the Royal
family. The Queen went out on the morning of the 22nd,
accompanied by Princess Beatrice and Princess Alice of Hesse;
and in the afternoon her Majesty drove with Princess Alice,
attended by the Dowager Lady Churchill, to Birkhall. to visit
the Duchess of Albany. Princess Beatrice also drove out. Earl
Cadogan had the honour of dining with the Queen and the
Royal family. Divine service was performed at the castle on
Sunday morning, the 2Jrd. in the presence of the Queen, the
Royal family, and the household. The Rev. A. Campbell
officiated. Earl Cadogan liad again the honour of dining
with the Queen and the Royal family. The Queen drove out
on the morning of the 21th, attended by the Hon. Harriet
Phipps, and afterwards went out. attended by the Dowager
Lady Churchill. In the afternoon her Majesty, accompanied
by Princess Alice of Hesse, and attended by the Dowager
Lady Churchill, drove out and honoured Sir Algernon and
Lady Borthwick with a visit at Invcrcauld. Prince Henry of
Bat ten berg, attended by Colonel Clerk, drove to Glen Muick,
and joined Mr. Mackenzie in a grouse drive. Earl Cadogan
and Lord Rowton, O.B., had the honour of dining with the
Queen and the Royal family.
The Queen’s reply to the address which was forwarded by
the Archbishops anil Bishops recently assembled at Lambeth
Palace on the subject of the rapid and continuous extension of
the Anglican Church throughout the British Empire and the
continent of America, during her Majesty’s reign, was pub¬
lished in a supplement to the Gazette on Saturday. Her
Majesty assures the prelates that it will ever be her anxious
duty to promote all measures which may tend to maintain and
extend the spirit of true rtdigion.
The Prince of Wales returned to Vienna on Saturday
morning. Sept. 22. from Hungary, having concluded his visit,
to Count- Fes'etics. He again alighted at the Grand Hotel,
in the evening his Royal Highness and the Crown Prince
Rudolph wore present at the Theater an der Wien, and
witnessed the comic opera of •• The Zigeunorharon.” The com¬
poser. llerr Johann Strauss, who conducted, was summoned to
the Royal box and congratulated upon hi* work. On Sunday.
Sept. 2J. the Prince, after attending Divine service at the British
Embassy, entertained at lunch at the Grand Hotel tlu* Crown
Prince Rudolph, the Archduke Otto, and several other dis¬
tinguished guests, among whom was Baron Hirsch. The
Prince, on Monday. Sept. 2-1, called upon his brother-in-law.
the King of Greece, at the Hotel Imperial. Vienna, and
then visited Professor Angeli’s Mudio. where he saw the
half - finished portrait of the German Emperor, and also
that just painted of Field-Marshal Moltke. '1 he Prince during
the day received General Lawton, the Minister of the United
States* He subsequently lunched at the British Embassy, and
in the evening, with the Crown Prince and several guests, dined
at Sadier’s Garten." in the Prater. Later in the evening the
two Princes visited the Theater an der Wien. On the 2.‘»th,
the Prince entertained the King of Greece at luncheon. In
the afternoon, the Archduke Wilhelm gave a dinner in honour
of the King of Greece and the Prince of Wales at his Palace
on the Ring Strasse. The Prince and the Crown Prince Rudolph
left in the evening for the chamois-hunting expedition near
Radmev. in Upper Styria.
The Princess of Wales, with her three daughters, ended her
visit to the Duchess of Cumberland at Gmiinden, oil Saturday,
the 22nd. arriving in London on the 2.)th : and next day the
Prince** and her daughters left Marlborough House for Aber-
geldie, where they will be joined by the Prince of Wales cn
his return from An.- trim
The Australian cricketers won the match on Sept. Hb with
the South of England, at Hastings, by nine wickets. Their
tour came to an end on the 22nd. when they beat Surrey, the
champion county, by thirty-four runs. Of the forty games
they played, they won nineteen, fourteen were lost, and seven
were left drawn.
Lord Hampden gave his annual address on agriculture at
Glvtido (Sussex) harvest-home recently. His Lordship said
that although the crops this year were uneven, there was a
better average than had been expected, considering the had
weather. In some respects agriculturists were better off this
year than Inst, notwithstanding the fine weather of Iss7. Then
liis shepherds com; lainod that, there was nothing in the fields
for the sheep to eat. while now they had so much they scarcely
knew what to do with it.
The archery season is fast drawing to a close as far as the
home counties are concerned. Mrs. Ainsworth, who recently
obtained again tlie National Bronze Medal for Lancashire, lias
won the Lady Champion badge for the season of the North
Lonsdale Archers. Mrs. H. Clarke taking the second badge.
Mis* Mary Win wood has obtained the silver challenge medal
of the Bath Archers. The contest for the silver challenge
badges for the highest aggregate score at four of the bow
meetings of the Vale of White Horse Archers has resulted
in the success of Mrs. Compton and Mr. T. T. S. Metcalfe.
Mrs. Tindal-Carill-Wondcy has entitled herself to the
champion distinction of the Kersal Archers for the best
score of the season, and also the champion belt of the Chenille
Archers ; Mr. Jepson taking the challenge cup and Mis*
Ilampson the unmarried Indies’ badge. The championship
medals of the Wyosidc Bowmen have been won by Mrs.
Crichton and Mr. Batriseombe : the club challenge medals of
the West Somerset Society by Miss E. Palmer and Mr. T.
Crump ; of the Culm Vale, bv Miss Sweet and Mr. Snow :
while the club badge for highest score with the Fakenhssn and
Dereham has been gained by Miss Norgate.
SEPT. 29, 1888
3G3
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From our otcn CorrenponiltntA
Paris, Tuesday, Sept. 23.
On the occasion of the unveiling of the statue of Baudin. the
oelebrated Republican martyr and victim of the coup d'etat,
the Minister of Public Works the otner day delivered an
important speech on the actual danger of the Republic and
the miserable comedy of Boulangism. The Minister of Public
Works would wish all Republicans, at the forthcoming
elections, to go to the poll with this word of order : “ The
enemy is Ciesarism—Le Ccaarisme. voila l’ennemi. What
matter who holds the flag 1 What matter the imperfections
of the edifice or the projects that may be formed for
rebuilding it ? These disagreements are forgotten in
faoe of the enemy.” Certainly it would be a great
blessing for the Repnblio if the political platform conld
be rid of the question of revision of the Constitution
which divides the Republicans against themselves, and must
keep them divided. This is why foreign observers declare
France to be ungovernable, whereas in reality there is no
country more governable—for n time, at leash The fact is
that the vast majority of Frenchmen have no opinions at all:
but they delight to read newspapers that proclaim advanced
views, because they find them piquant and amusing. This has
been the case from time immemorial. All the people who go
about reading Rochefort's articles and listening to revolu¬
tionary speeches are ready to accept any regime that will
give them order and security ; but the moment that regime
is established they will continue as usual to read oppos¬
ition newspapers, and be quite happy, whether the regime lie
Napoleon I., Louis Philippe, the Republic, Napoleon III., or
General Boulanger. General Boulanger's name has appealed to
a million electors “of various opinions." we are told. It
would be more correct to say “ of no opinions at all." The
“ brav General,” it appears, will cease to be “lost ” next week,
when he will return to the capital from his hiding-place,
wherever that may be, and resume his campaign against the
existing order of things. At the moment of the forthcoming
General Elections, in the beginning of 1K89, the General will
be a candidate in every Department in France—a move which
will cost some ten millions of francs ; but the Bonlangists do
not seem to be wanting in funds. One of the active spirits of
the party—a militant journalist—declared calmly, the other
day, that with liberty of the press, three thousand camelotn, or
newspaper-criers, and a few millions he was ready to accept
contracts for ohanging the Government of France in less than
a year. And the worst of it is that this is not altogether a
vain boast.
The theatres during the past week have kept the critics and
the “ first-nighters” busy, and though it cannot be said that
we have assisted at the birth of any great dramatic work, we
have seen two pieces which promise to be highly success¬
ful. The Gvmnase has begun its season with a comedy-vaude¬
ville. by MM. Blum and Toche. called •• Les Femmes Nerveuses,”
a most amusing fantaisie. The Renaissance has opened its
doors with an opdra-comique in three acts, “ Miette,” with
music by Audran. The score of this piece is really elegant and
charmingly melodious; out of the fifteen morceaux of the
piece there are eight or nine that will not be soon forgotten.
The chief role is held by a new diva, Mdlle. Aussourd
who is pretty and witty and a clever singer, likely soon to
become famous. The Comedie-Franeaise, in order to ratify the
classification of George Sand among the great dramatic writers
of France, has annexed to its repertory and revived with much
solemnity that author’s play •• Francois le Champi." Certainly we
listened with some pleasure to the harmonious periods which
George Sand puts into the mouths of her Berrv peasants ; but
these latter, it must be confessed, appear too idealised and too
goody-goody for our modern analytic and realistic tastes.
George Sand's plays have passed into the domain of rieux jru.
lbe Paris papers notice generally in moderate and dignified
terms the death or ex-Marshal Bazaine at Madrid. In the eyes
of every patriotic Frenchman, Bazaine ceased to exist the day
when he was condemned to death as a traitor to his country,
lne Bazaine who survived this condemnation, thanks to the
c.eroency of Marshal MacMahon, and thanks to his escape
from the He Sainte Marguerite, does not belong to bistorv.
Statuemania continues to rage in France. On Sunday at
Arcis-sur-Aube, a statue of Danton was unveiled, and
M. Lockroy, on behalf of the Government, took part in the
commemorative ceremony in honour of this contestable hero.
I f Danton has his statue, why should not Marat and Robespierre
be similarly honoured ?
French Academic art has just experienced a severe loss in
tne person of the painter Gustave Boulanger, who died
sudden y on Sept 21, at the age of sixty-four. A pupil of
Paul Delaroche, Pnx de Rome. Professor at the Ecole des
, 5 Arta and member of the Institute, Boulanger was an
ardent enemy of modernism and especially of impressionism
, art. Be himself painted scarcely anything but subjects
relating to the events and daily life of Imperial Rome. Out¬
side the Greeks and Romans he found few things worthy of
ms correct brush except occasionally an Arab or a portrait of
a Inend. Boulanger was a fine draughtsman.
P A*. 1 ’ Proposed to arrange the Fine Arts Section of the
nxmoition of 1889 in six sections, which will comprise a rctro-
!w?" e , ext! , ll ' ino " °f French art from 1789 to 1878, and a
■KcenMal exhibition ot French and foreign art from 1878 to
,* r sections of historical monuments, casts,
enamel, goldsmith's work, drawing, theatrical construction,
Kene-paintmg, machinery, and costume. The national porce-
Kir J ta P e ®“7 1 anti mosaic manufactories will he represented
b} specimens of their products from 1789 to 1889. T. C.
cJ h Z ea remarkable demonstration in Rome on
ait'Jii occasion being the celebration of the anniver-
sary of the entry-of Italian troops into that city. The Syndic
years from t , he , K ‘ n S- who said that daring eighteen
u: h P r <w*d that she was able to accomplish her
Jjf“,' ulsslon towards Italy and the civilised world.—His
mnnnm I^ 9 P r< ! sent the same day at the unveiling a
monument to Qumtino Sella at Biella. The ceremony was
P“? h . popolar enthusiasm.—The International
anttmr's Artistic Congress at Venice have decided that an
and prnJ K> Ei 1 ?u llt fBonld include the rights of translation.
tbe United Stotes ''' ouW
s J h * s P a ni«h Minister of Public Works inaugurated on
m ; ot tbe most important public works in Spain. The
“ t° construct for Bilbao an outside hartonr, or
known ,P° rt ’ at the entrance of the river Xervion, to be
theexisrin j P ° rtof Abra. The effect will be to supersede
onen to, S ? a "p roas fntrance to the river, produced by tbe
west < *P®S iaU y Coring the prevalence of north-
difficult **"“*!» . Bi , lbao one ot most dangerous and
aimcult ports on the Atlantic coast
BudgetfoM888JM* u'l'***** °, f F . inancc ha8 Prepared his
it IsMrnJoJi It shows a deficit of 13.000,0008., which,
yield frnTT’ be ’educed to 3,000,000 0. by an increased
*t the tmA *. at ! on arul various economies. The total deficit
be end ot >»*> is estimated at 23,000,000 fl., but the
Minister states that new loans can be avoided for a long time
in consequence of the abundance of money in the Treasury.
r lhe Emperor of Germany arrived at Potsdam on Sept. 22.
Un the 23rd the Emperor and Empress visited the new Casino
lor the officers of his Majesty's Body Guard Hussars, and
afterwards received a visit from the Empress Frederick. The
Emperor was present on the 24th at the inauguration of the
new club of the Hussars of the Guard. After giving audience
to rnnee Bismarck, who came from Friedrichsruh on purpose,
on the 2.>th, his Majesty proceeded to Detmold on a visit to
. a * r J nc ® Lippe-Detmold ; and the Empress, accom¬
panied by her children, left for Primkenau.—Public interest
7IIE LATE EAHL OF MAR AND KELLIE.
8er ** Obituary.”
continues to be greatly excited by the publication of the late
Emperor’s diary, from which it appears that he was the real
moving spirit in the foundation of the new empire. Some
doubts have, however, been expressed of the genuineness of
the diary.
THE LATE MR. R. A. TROCTOR.
The death of this eminent scientific astronomer, and popular
writer and lecturer on the facts of astronomy, took place on
Sept. 12, at New York, where he had arrived two days before
from his chosen home among' the orange-groves of Florida,
on his way to England. Mr. Richard Anthony Proctor was
a Londoner, born in Chelsea on March 25. 1881, and was
educated at private schools, at King's College, London,
and at King's College, Cambridge, where he was a wrangler
in mathematics, and took his degree of B.A. He was
for a short time a clerk in the London Joint Stock
Bank, but inherited a small independence, which he
lost in 18(17 by the Overend and Gurney failure. Having
been married several years, and having already written
astronomical papers for the Cumhitl Magazine, and pub¬
lished an important treatise on the planet Satnrn, which
appeared in 1803, Mr. Proctor resolved to earn an income by
literature descriptive of the interesting results of modern
THE LATE MR. K. A. MIOCTOR, ASTRONOMER.
astronomical research. In this department, both as an author
and as a lecturer, his abilities were snch as have rarely been
equalled ; his lectures, delivered from memory without the aid
of any written notes, were admirable compositions, perfectly
mcthcslical in arrangement, clear, concise and graceful in style,
and replete with exact particulars for which he never hesitated
a moment. They were eagerly listened to by his audiences all
over the United Kingdom, America, and Australia, while he
continued to write magazine articles and popular books, which
proved a literary success. “ Other Worlds than Oars,” *■ Orbs
around Us,” “ The Borderland of Science," Half-hoars with tbe
Stars,” and “ Light Science for Leisure Hours ; ” also “ Plane¬
tary Orbits,” “ Snn Views of the Earth,” and “ Constellation
Seasons,” are well known. He also performed much really
scientific work of research, producing a revised edition of the
great catalogue of stars, discussing the method of observing
the transit of Venus, examining the mathematics of astronomy,
and making observations in solar spectroscopy. He was elected
a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society in 18(18, and was
afterwards appointed honorary secretary and editor of its
“ Proceedings,” bnt soon resigned that office. He was an
honorary Fellow of King's College, London.
TIIR MELBOURNE EXHIBITION.
The grand International Exhibition at Melbourne, held in com.
memoration of the centenary of the settlement of Sydney
in ]78S ’ " h' 0 ' 1 "' as the commencement of
the Australian Colonies, has been partly described. Illustra¬
tion*, from sketches by our special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior
of its opening by Sir H. B. Loch, the Governor of Victoria!
accompanied by the other Governors of Australia. Tasmania
and New Zealand, have appeared in this Journal. The
rL ..",‘, on buddings, a great enlargement of those erected for
the Melbourne Exhibition of 1880, in Carlton-gardens. with
the architectural front to the south, but with the main
entrance from Nicholson-street, on the cast side, are intersected
from north to south by the “ Grand Avenue of Nations.” In
this Grand Avenne, a quarter of a mile long, passing down it
from the north end, are the entrances to the Courts, respect¬
ively. on the right hand side, of the United States of America,
Germany Aaistro-Hungary, Belgium. France,and Great Britain:
on the left hand side, those of Canada, New Zealand Qnoens-
land, South Australia, the large Court of Victoria, Tasmania,
and New South Wales. A dome of the building covers the
intersection of the Eastern and Western Avenues with lbe
Grand Avenue of Nations ; at the south end of which, passing
to the right a large compartment allotted to Lancashire maiiu ■
factures, are the great hall, the fernery, the nave and transept,
the grand dome, 200 ft. high, the State reception-rooms, and
the offices of the Exhibition Commissioners, with galleries,
courts, and various departments specially ornamental or
attractive. Here, in the east gallery of the nave, above tbe
concert-hall, is the German Trophy, which represents Germania
congratulating Australia on the attainment, of her centenarv :
and in the south gallery is the statue of Victory, which was
left by the Germans as a legacy to Victoria after the Exhi¬
bition of 1880. The British, French, German, Belgian, and
Victorian Art Galleries are in the balconies on the north and
south sides of the nave, in this part of the buildings. Pro¬
ceeding thence up tbe Grand Avenue of Nations, and passing
the Courts of Great Britain and France, on one hand, New
South Wales and Victoria on the other, and several foreign and
colonial courts, the visitor, approaching tbe north end,
reaches that of Germany, and the United States Conrt next it,
the entrances to which are shown in onr Illustrations. The
entrance to theGerman Conrt is through an immense arch, linug
with rich draperies, which leads directly into a saloon filled with
pianos, and some of these are continually being played. The
United States Court is distinguished by the stars painted on
columns, and by the name in large gold letters under the side
lights ; its front is oeonpied by Singer's sewing machines,
and Edison's phonographs attract much curiosity. Iu the
machinery annexe, at the north end, Great Britain, America,
and Germany divide the space between them ; the collection
of British machinery is said to be the most important ever
brought together. 'There is not very much ground outside the
buildings, or anything worthy of note except two portable
railways and the inevitable “ switch-back," now a popular
amusement at all Exhibitions. As a well-furnished and well-
ordered show of leading arts and industries, European,
American, and Australian, and of Colonial products, the
Melbourne Exhibition is tolerably complete.
The Natal Council has passed a resolution declaring that it
is undesirable, in existing circumstances, to consider the
question of the annexation of Znlnland to Natal.
The anniversary of the union between Bulgaria and
Eastern Koumelia has been celebrated with great rejoicing at
Sofia and the principal Ronmelian towns.
From Zanzibar we hear that there has been fighting at
Bngamoyo between the German colonists and the natives,
upwards of one hundred of the latter having been killed.
The Grand Duke and Grand Dnchcss Sergius and the Grand
Duke Paul of Russia were received by the Sultan on Sept. 25,
at Constantinople, his Majesty subsequently paying them a
visit at the Yildiz Chalet.
Souakim seems to be regularly invested by the rebel
Dervishes. Trenches have been dug, guns mounted, and
shells thrown into the town. A hot fire is kept up by
both sides, and the boldness of the insurgents seems to bo
increasing.
A singular affair is reported to have happened on tho
Southern Pacific Railway, in Texas, where a gang of robbers
stopped an express. An armed force on the train put tho
robbers to flight, and shot two of them : but by mistake they
also killed the engine-driver.
The Queen has conferred the Albert Medal of the Second
Class upon Lieutenant Pultcney Malcolm, 1th Ghoorka Regi¬
ment, in recognition of the conspicuous gallantry displayed hv
him on June 10,1887, in attempting to save tbe life of a comrade
who had fallen over a precipice, near Dalhousie, East India.
Colonel Graham has attacked the Thibetans in the Jelapla
Pass, and completely defeated them, capturing their camp. The
Thibetans lost four hundred killed and wounded. On the
British side Colonel Bromhead lost his right arm, and nine
Sepoys were wounded. Colonel Graham is now advancing
upon Rinckigong, in tbe Churnbi Valley, which is in Thibetan
territory.
A scheme for the promotion of evening educational classes
is being set on foot by the London Young Women's Christian
Association. There are over 110 branches of the Association
in London, and of these nearly forty arc institutes and homes.
Several of these institutes have held evening elasses for their
members, hut an endeavour is now being made to increase
the number and the efficiency of the classes, and so
bring them within reach of the large numbers of young
women not at present enrolled among the 15,000 members of
the London Y.W.C.A. The subjects to be taught will include
book-keeping, shorthand. French, music, dress-cutting and
draping, ambulance, housewifery, and cookery. The classes
will be open to all young women, the teaching will bo
thoroughly efficient, and the fees extremely moderate. A list
of institutes in all parts of London where these classes arc to
be held will be forwarded on application to the Secretary, 18a
Old Cavendish-street, W.
Tbe Portrait of the late Earl of Mar and Kellie, whose
death is noticed in onr Obituary, is from a photograph by
Messrs. Fradelle and Young, of Regent-street; and that of the
late Major Edmund Musgrave Barttelot, murdered ill Central
Africa by tbe mutineers of tbe Emin Pasha Relief Expedition,
is from a photograph by Mr. Marshall Wane, of Edinburgh!
The photograph of the late Mr. R. A. Proctor, copied in our
Portrait of him, is by Messrs. Elliott and Fry, of Baker-street.
Among our Illustrations of tho Chelmsford festivities at the
creation of the new Municipal Corporation for that town, we
give the Portraits of Mr. Frank Whitmore, architect, who is
nominated by the Charter to be the first Mayor and Alderman :
and of Mr. Arthur J. I-'urbank. solicitor, who is appointed
Town Clerk; both these arc from photographs by Mr. F.
Spalding, of Chelmsford. A scries of views of the ceremonies,
taken by Mr. F. E. Everard. photographer, of that town, bV-.
been received with much approval.
1. Front of tho Bellovuo Hotel ot Cadenabbia, on the Lake of Como.
3. Boots taking people from tho Hotel on board the Lake steamer.
3. Visitors leaving the Hotel door by a platform across the water to tho boats.
4. Arcades at Bollaglo flooded.
THE FLOODS IN NORTH ITALY.
THE MELBOURNE EXHIBITION: ENTRANCE TO THE GERMAN COURT.
THE MELBOURNE EXHIBITION : ENTRANCE TO THE UNITED STATES COURT.
THE FLOODS IN NORTH ITALY.
The romantic valleys on the Italian side of the Alps, especially
those about the Lake of Como and in the Italian Tyrol at the
head of the Lake of Garda, have been visited by extensive
floods, causing much inconvenience to September tourists, but
no real danger, and we believe no great amount of damage.
On the Lake of Como, so much frequented by English families,
the water rose obont ten feet, owing to incessant rains daring
four days, bat not to the height it reached on Sept. 2, 18211,
nor that of Oct. 6, 1868. though it exceeded by a few inches
the height it attained on May 29, 1810. By Sept. 1-1 it was
slowly receding, and should the weather continue fine, would
return to its usual level iu the course of a few days. Bellagio and
Cadenabbia, towns nearly opposite to each other at the entrance
to the south-western branch of the lake, which leads to Como
and to Milan, experienced the effects of the flood. At the
former place the lower floors of the smaller hotels were
invaded by the lake, but the large hotels and more recently
built ones are untouched. At Cadenabbia, the salons and
dining-hall at the Belle Vue hotel were partially submerged,
while the Hotel Britannia and the Hotel Belle He remained
completely free from all signs of the Inundation. Lieutenant-
Colonel T. B. Jervis, who was staying at the Hotel Belle Vue,
has favoured us with some photographs of the scenes he wit¬
nessed there. He says that, after the heavy thunderstorm and
rains on the night of Sept. 11, the sight of the rapidly rising
lake frightened the visitors, so that next morning abont eighty
persons left the hotel, and were taken off in boats, to which
they walked from the door over a platform of planks,
embarking on the steamers for Leceo or Como. One of our
Illustrations is that of the Arcades at Bellagio, where the
floods did a good deal of damage to the contents of the shops
for the sale of silks, rugs, and objects of art or curiosity. >\e
take this opportunity of noticing the latest descriptive
account of the various’ interesting places on the shores of the
Lake of Como, their beautiful scenery, antiquities, and his¬
torical associations. “ Como and Italian Lake-land, a volume
published by Messrs, \Y. H. Allen and Co., is the work of the
Rev. T. W. M. Lund, Chaplain to the School for the Blind at
Liverpool. It includes, moreover, the fullest and most exact
account of Milan with which we are acquainted.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sr.rr. 29, 1988.-361
1. Escort of Mm
2. The Emperor,
8 . Croatian Honveds in the Belo Forest.
5. Peasants in the Croatian national cost;
4. Triumphal Arch erected at Kreut
, awaiting the Emperor and the Print
id the Prince of W
d Croatian Peasants accompanying the Empei
Crown Prince, and the Prince of Wales, witness
THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN MILITARY MANCEUVRES AT BELOVAR, IN CROATIA.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 29, 1889
SKETCHES FROM “THE ARMADA” AT DRURY-LANE THEATRE.
SEE “riiiS PLATHOU
SEPT. 29, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
367
THE EMIN PASHA RELIEF EXPEDITION
UP THE CONGO AND ARUWIMI.
Readers of the articles which have from time to time appeared
under the above heading in T/ir Jlhixtmtu/ /.omlun Xt wt will
have been more or less prepared for startling incidents in the
history of the Emin Hey Expedition. The serious difficulties
that threatened the advance have been dwelt upon, but with
caution—my correspondent being under articles of agreement
with Mr. Stanley which neither he nor I would willingly dis¬
regard. Mr. Ward has forwarded to me sketches and notes,
portions of which I am privileged to publish in these columns,
the object being rather to illustrate some of the country through
which the expedition has passed, (ban to offer any special
references to its policy or management. The fatal disaster
which has befallen Major Harttelot is by many regarded as
indicative of the previous death of Stanley : but the fact of
the news of poor Hurt tclot's assassination travelling home so
quickly is rather encouraging than otherwise as touching the
fate of the famous journalistic explorer. " Ill news travels
apace ” even in Africa; and as long as there is no definite
intelligence of the death of Stanley, so long may we
continue to have not only good hope of his welfare but
of the ultimate success of his expedition. Stanley's career
is the best answer to the various rumours and reports
of his intentions in Central Africa. The latest announcement
is that he went out to found a new Empire, and intended to
proclaim himself Emperor. A New York correspondent says
Stanley offered him a position as one of his Ministers.
Mr. Stanley had probably been amusing himself in this
romantic suggestion. Those who saw him last on this side of
the Atlantic, and who are associated with him in his arduous
work, know well enough that his mission was the relief of
Emin Hey : and if lie has gone out of the prescribed route it is
under the pressure of circumstances over which he has had
no control.
The accompanying Illustrations are from drawings by my
Congo correspondent. Mr. Ward, made principally at Stanley
Falls and in the neighbourhood of the Aruwimi camp, so often
mentioned of late in connection with the expedition, and
which Major Ilarttelot broke up to follow his chief.
Hoiobo, which forms one of our first Illustrations, has
been mentioned in former notes. Its history is more
or less tragic. In connection with the present expe¬
dition it 1ms, however, a pacific and uneventful record.
It is the great centre of the ivory and cam-wood powder trade.
The native merchants do their business through agents at
.Stanley Pool. Holoho, during .Mr. Stanley's experience of it.
had been twice at war and twice burned to the ground.
Eventually, peace was established all round, and the station
has become more or less safe ; hut to secure outposts of this
importance, they ought to bo efficiently garrisoned. In a
district where, ns Stanley confesses, I lie most trivial incidents
will bring on a battle, an efficient garrison is needed at all times.
The Boioho country commences with tile picturesque little
village of Itimha, the tropical prettiness of which is artistically
suggested in Mr. Ward's Sketch. It is situated on a low hill,
thickly wooded. “ Then, as you sail up the river," savs Mr.
Stanley, “ village after village appears, in a nearly continuous
line, for about an hour, when the station (liolobo') comes into
view on the open higher ground behind the. narrow licit of tall
timber lining the riverside." The station is healthy : mid
some day, when Europeans have learnt Die diplomatic art of
managing the natives, tile district may develop into a tine
agricultural settlement. “ Imagine a strip of tint left hank of
the river, about twelve miles long, a thin line of large
umbrageous trees close to the water's islge. and a gently
sloping background of cleared country rising to about
thirty feet above the tallest tree. Just above the cent re
of this strip, on the open ground, is the station of
Holoho. consisting of a long mat-walled shed, a mud and
wattle kitchen, a mud-walled magazine with grass roofs, and
about seventy lints arranged in a square, on the outside of the
inner group of buildings. Above ting below it. close to the
water side, until banana and palm groves, arc sheltered about
fifteen villages. Seven of tbese-ltiiiil.a, Mimgolo. Biangiilii.
1.re m. Mongo. Malign. Yanibula. and [.ingenji—are below tim
siatiim. Eight are above, among which is Mbanga anil a few
villages of the Bammu tribe. These form what is called
liolobo."
It is hardly necessary to describe Stanley Falls and tile
river scenery. Hut the accompanying fresh Illustrations of
the locality are interesting. Tile (irawings were made in the
autumn of 1887. They are quite in keeping with the eloquent
accounts we have bad of the two main channels of the river
that are almost bridged at the falls. The stakes and nets in
the Illustrations below the falls are familiar objects of the
river, and mark the various cataracts. Most of the local
tribes are fishermen : the tremendous operations of the Wenya
people have been graphically chronicled hy Mr. Stanley, not
tue least interesting of whose latter chapters of •■The Congo
free State "is the history of Tippoo Tib's cunning dealings
with the hardy Wenya men, whereby lie was enabled to
navigate the river and establish himself at Stanley Falls.
1 he house of Tippoo Till is from a drawing made from the site
of the Stanley Falls station. Aug. *1, ISS7- In the Illustration
• i ' r ‘ A !u '^ s house at the falls we have n suggestion of
home in the construction of the high doorway and ample
windows,- and on the walls, I glean from his'letters, were
photographs of friends and reminiscences of Thr llhi*tratrd
Tippoo Tilt's personality, his wives anti retinue
nave been previously noted in these papers. Mr. Ward in one
Of his letters mentions, as a great surprise and a stroke of
genius .Stanley s treaty tvitJi Tippoo Tib. whose aid he regarded
as absolutely necessary to a successful issue of the expedition
at ttadelai. The difficulties of Stanley and his officers are.
possibly in some cases nevertheless increased by their alliance
until the Arabs, who have left behind them on all hands
rancorous memories among the natives of nearly every class.
As an example of the hostility which has to be met, the
allowing note, taken at random from Mr. Ward's diary
(prior to the date on which he joined the expedition) may ho
quoted ;—
-bill. 25. PS7. -I.ort .Mnni nm;.! for
t »'1U1 vv» 1,11 Ihe 21-t Inning ,
hnlS "'™ >'"■< kills l
M,J„« ^ ‘>1 t.,e lire,
■d,nVu" l ? C follo ' Ti . n f? M mch that Ward met the expedition,
t the late of which everybody is nmv painfullv anxious,
tue reader has long ago been able to form a good idea of the
n™ an a appearance of the army of soldiers and carriers
i me march in former extracts from the letters of my Congo
reel 8 ?° ndcnt . : ] ,ut the manuscript diary which T have
dent el r j CC!Ted contains memoranda of a picturesqne inci-
qB0U ;K ment ‘ 0Ile 'l which are worth more complete
.-‘'l 1 arrived from Europe, ami 1 heard nil about
1 iir'oi'iiinn h'"'b T' llt 'l b.viMliliiin.and .lolmnfirid m try and Join: M >
vorv <iniri.it- to Liikiuuru to procure carriers. We mtiled up
on u-irh a,J ° m tli<* nnrkei.w. Ingham then went down
mul I flatted from Luk with between 30U
men ou the Lad. On my way I heard, at .MBanJa Manuka, of Stanley's
arrival, and. pushing on, I met him two days after, near Mnira Mankenje,
on tlie N‘cfek<- St min side. 1 ilrsi of all saw four Soumalis carrying their
kit: then Stanley, mourned on a fine mule, its trappings shining in the
brlKht morning light ; Ix-hind him was a great, tall Somlanee soldier,
carrying Gordon Hcimeti’s yacht flag (American, with round yellow circle
and anchor). “And you are Mr. Ward, are you? Why. you have grown
somewhat since I saw you In London in ’81,” said Stan lev. dismounting, lie
offered mo a seat tq*>n a couple of the Sou malls' rolled blankets. We sat.
He handed me a cigar from a small silver case, which I afterwards
ascertained was the one given him by JUUl. the Prince of Wales upon the
occasion of his visit to Sandringham just previous to ids departure with this
exited Ition. . . . When we | tar ted <[ with my new duties ami mission) I pro¬
ceeded on past the caravan, which was composed of upwards of 7oo men. nnd
a more ini[>osing sight I think I never saw. All the men were fresh, having
only started two or three days, and they were all dressed in their character¬
istic costumes : Zanzibaris in their white Arab shirts reach lug to the knee,
with Just a little of their gaudy-coloured loin-cloth visible Iwlow It. boxes on
their heads, water-bottles siting over their shoulders, their gnus at their
backs ; Soudanese soldiers in their dark-blue great-coats nnd hoods, their
bayonets, cartridge-belts, and gnus and kit; Soumalis with their faiwv
waistcoats ami variegated loin-cloths; sections of the whale-boat carried
each by four men ; donkeys with pack-saddles nnd loads ; large-horned goals
with similar saddles nnd lends, ami hoes, shovels, and axes; the caravan
stretched away for three miles—a Hue snbject ior a j»ailiter; a most
unusual nnd strange sight on the Congo.
.Sat! events have happened since that gay cavalcade*niarched
through the African wilderness; and Mr. Ward’s diary of
18HS, to which I shall have occasion to refer in future articles,
contains notes of pestilence, privations, and war. In presence
of the doubts as to Stanley’s fate, the murder of Barttelot, the
death of Jameson (which will probably leave Ward in com¬
mand). one may be allowed to make such extracts therefrom as
throw light upon the earlier movements of the expedition and
the experiences of those whom Stanley has left as his rear¬
guard. Meanwhile, touching the remainder of this week’s
Illustrations, the examples of basket-work and pottery from
the Aruwimi river will, no doubt, surprise many readers who
are apt to couple an art instirfct and an eye for form and
colour only with a high type of civilisation. Everything
connected with the Aruwimi is just now of more than
common interest. It was here that .Stanley formed his last
camp prior to his disappearance; here Barttelot collected his
men and supplies to follow his chief. Aruwimi has had bad
and good omens for Stanley. lie had to storm the Aruwimi
village in 1K77 ; but in lssj lie was well received, and entered
into ceremonious blood brotherhood with the local chiefs.
Yambinga. Yambilia. Yamhua are all on the Aruwimi. and not
far from the camp where Ward served under Barttelot. The
native woman and child and the picturesque huts belong to
this locality. Mr. Stanley, on his visit to the Aruwimi in
l*s;t. mentions the new kind of hut noted by Ward.
“At Bondeh.” says Stanley, “we saw for the first time a
change in the architecture of the buildings. Many tall,
conical huts, of the candle-extingnisher type, were seen*rising
high above the well-known low ridge-roof style adopted along
the Congo, since, we left the Atlantic.”
In Ward's private notes to me I find, in the very early days
of JSS*. anxious memoranda about Stanley. As early as Jan*0
he writes at “ Yambinga Intrenched Camp, Aruwimi River.—
It seems very strange we have heard nothing of Stanley,
who was to have returned last November, ami we can only
account for this prolonged absence by supposing that he has
had to go a longer journey from Lake Albert N'yanza than he
previously anticipated. If anything has happened to him it
will he a had look out for the expedition ; anti I do not know
how the relief goods—merchandise and ammunition. 700
loads—will ever reach him. There appears to me to he some
motive in Tippoo Tib's delaying the Too men he promised. It
is hardly feasible his excuse that his men refused to carry our
h>ads on account of their weight. His authority certainly
ought to overcome any scruples of that sort, and, besides,
l!“:.oo is very good pay for his Manycma slaves. . . . There is
something at the bottom of it all which we shall perhaps
know all about la-fore long.”
Major Barttelot. it is said, fell *bv the hand of one of the
fierce Manycma tribe, many of whom he had engaged as carriers,
and in whose country Livingstone, had a narrow escape of
assassination. Ward mentions giving a knife and spear (which
had been given to him by :m Arab) to Jameson (whose death
is reported this week), about whom he writes .- •• Jameson is
an awfully good fellow—energetic, amusing, very clever in
many ways, and has exceedingly good taste. He is* one of the
bcs*\ fellows I ever met. or am likely to meet. His kind
attention to me during my attack of dysentery, probably saving
my life, I shall never forget." * J<\sKi*n Hatton.
The *■ Wanderings of a War Artist,” now publishing in the
A >>! ! fi»it Mil it ti rtf M/ujii :i nr. arc by Mr. Irving Montague,
formerly one of the special artists of this Journal. Mr.
Montague proposes to publish his recollections in hook form
when completed.
The concluding meeting of the International Geological
Congress was held on Sept. 22, at the London University.
Professor Prestwich. who presided, felicitated the members on
the results attained, and it was decided to hold the next
meeting (in istH) at Philadelphia. A hearty vote of thanks
was accorded for the hospitality which had been shown to tho
foreign members in London.
Many inquiries have been received by members of tho
“Society of the Japanese Residents in England” as to the
means of remitting contributions to those suffering from the
recent, eruption of the Mount Bandai Wakamatsu, Japan.
Arrangements have been made with the Yokohama Specie
Bank. *L Bishopsgate-street Within, K.C., that they will
transmit to the sufferers such contributions that may be sent
to them before Oct. in.
The central committee of the Glasgow City Bank Relief
Fund have disposed of the surplus of about* £Sih>D, after
providing annuities, at a cost of £ DO.000, for those who had
hitherto received pensions. This closes the largest fund that
has ever been raised in Scotland for a charitable purpose.
The sum subscribed amounted to upwards of £3i>0,000, which,
with added interest ot' £47.000. brought the total amount
distributed amongst the shareholders to £427,000.
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THE AUSTRIAN MILITARY MANOEUVRES.
The Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria, King of Hungary,
entertaining his Royal guest the Prince of Wales, conducted
him on Sept. 12 to Belovar, in Croatia, where he remained two
days, to witness some manoeuvres of a portion of the Austro-
Hungarian Army. The Imperial Crown Prince Rudolph, and
Archdukes Otto and William of Austria, accompanied his
Majesty and the Prince of Wales, who arrived from Buda-
Pesth, with the Hungarian Ministers, at the Krentz railway
station, anil were escorted in carriages to Belovar, preceded by
the Ban of Croatia, with a martial array of armed add mounted
Croatian peasants. The Prince of Wales, wearing his Austrian
Hussar uniform, sat with the Emperor in his carriage : his
personal suite consisted of Major-General Ellis. C.S.I., the Hon.
II. Tyrwhitt Wilson, Prince Louis Esterhazy, and Count Breda,
who is a Captain in the Austrian Army. Major-General Keith
Fraser, Military Attache, was also travelling with the Prince,
by the Emperor of Austria's special invitation.
On the next morning the manoeuvres were commenced.
The general idea was that a western force—consisting of the
Thirty-sixth Infantry Division and the Eighty-third Honved
Infantry Brigade, making in all twenty battalions and ten
squadrons, with eighteen guns—advancing from Agram to
Brod, had detached one column, which was to reach Belovar.
Meanwhile, an eastern force—consisting of the Seventh In¬
fantry Division, with the Eighty-second Honved Infantry
Brigade, in all seventeen battalions, six squadrons, and twenty
guns—was marching up from Bosnia to the Croatian capital,
and, with the advanced guard, reached the vicinity of Belovar.
The two advance columns were to come into contact, and to
fight for the strategical points defending the entrance to
Bosnia. During part of the morning the Emperor, the Princo
of Wales, and the Archdukes Rudolph, William, and Otto
remained on a plateau whence they could descry all the
manoBuvres. Presently they moved away, with six squadrons
of Uhlans and four of Ilonveds, or Landwehr Cavalry, to
repulse an attack of the enemy. The charges were brilliantly
executed ; and the Emperor, noticing tho Prince of Wales's
admiration, introduced General Von Henesbcrg, Inspector-
General of the Honved Cavalry, saying. “ This is the man to
whom we owe the efficiency of our Landwehr Cavalry.”
Towards noon his Royal Highness dismounted at Bulinac,
where four artillery batteries were stationed ; and he was
much interested in the rapid maiueuvring of the field-pieces.
From the moment when a battery rode up to its position to
that when the first shot was fired only 1 min. 48 sec. elapsed.
The manoeuvres were continued next day, Sept. 14, tho
Prince of Wales remaining on horseback till they were
finished. The quarters at Belovar occupied by his Royal
Highness were apartments on the first floor of the “ County
House.” the largest building in the town, while the Emperor
occupied the residence of the Lord Lieutenant of the county.
In the street of the town, two triumphal arches had been
erected, in welcome of the Emperor and his illustrious guest.
In front of one of these there was an official reception by the
Archduke Joseph, the popular Chief of the Hungarian and
Croatian Honveds, supported by all the Croatian and local
authorities, including Cardinal Michailovieli, whom the Em-
peror especially distinguished. The Prince of Wales accom¬
panied his Majesty to a popular fete at theneighbonving village,
where he saw the peasants, clad in white, enlivened by bright-
coloured scarfs and aprons, dancing the into to the melancholy
strains of the bagpipes and tamburn. He also spent some time
in the camp of the gipsies. In the evening the natives sur¬
prised the Imperial visitors with a finely-performed serenade
and a torchlight procession.
Our Illustrations are from Sketches by Mr. C. Drechsler.
CHELMSFORD AND ITS MUNICIPAL
CHARTER.
The ancient town of Chelmsford, with a population exceeding
ll.UOO, and with a rateable value of property to the amount
of £4I,8p,9, though it is the place for holding the Assizes and
the Quarter Sessions for Essex, and the head-quarters of the
County Police, has only now obtained incorporation as a
borough under the Municipal Corporations Act. We believe
that Oakham, in Rutland, a place oue-third the size of
Chelmsford, is the only other English county town in that
inferior position. At Chelmsford, the movement to get the
town incorporated was opposed by many of the largest rate¬
payers. hut an overwhelming majority of the inhabitant
householders signed the petition in favour of incorporation.
Ill February the Hon. T. II. W. Pelham held a three days'
inquiry, and on Aug. 15 Mr. Furbank, tho chief promoter of
th<! project, received a communication from the Privy
Council that the Queen had been pleased to grant the
charter. On Sept. 1!) a deputation of about twenty
townsmen journeyed to London to receive the charter.
They travelled back to Chelmsford in a saloon carriage
specially provided by the Great Eastern Railivny Company.
The town had been gaily decorated with mottoes, flags, and
greenery, and most of the inhabitants had turned out Tho
deputation was met at the railway-station by a procession
nearly half a mile in length. It included three bands of music,
Uiiil) school-children, two fire-engines and brigades. Volunteers,
friendly societies in regalia, with banners, the Essex troop of
Royal Suffolk Hussars, nnd the Mayors and other -members of
the Corporations of Colchester, West Ham, Maldon, Saffron
Walden, and other Essex towns. After parading the main
thoroughfares the procession returned to the Corn Exchange,
where Mr. Furbank read the charter amid enthusiastic cheers.
The National Anthem was then sung. In the evening a public
dinner was held at the Corn Exchange.
Tlie Rev. Dr. R. M. Comerford, of Monasterevan, has been
selected by the Pope to fill the position ol Coadjutor Bishop to
the Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin.
The dedication of a new reredos in terra-cotta, the gift of
Fir Henry Doulton. took place at the parish church of St.
Mary’s. Laudieth, adjoining the Archbishop’s Palace, in con¬
junction with the Harvest Festival, on Sept. 28. The Bishop
of Rochester preached. The design of the reredos is by Mr.
J. Oldrid Scott, architect.
During the last few years a great reformation of habits has
quietly taken place amongst seamen, fishermen, and barge¬
men. There have been Ufi.OdO pledges of total abstinence
taken bv them of the Missions to Seamen chaplains and
readers in nine years. But the Missions to Seamen has to
follow up this pledge-taking by endeavouring to provide
handsome mission-chnrclies, with comfortable institutes under
the same roof, for sailors ashore: mission-boats to board ships
at anchor; and Divine worship and reading matter for crews
at sea. so as to establish a brotherhood between the chaplains
and the abstaining seamen and others. An appeal is made for
supplies of disused hooks, pictures, and periodicals for outward-
bound ships : and for Barnsley " crash" bags to contain them.
They may be sent in boxes, hampers, or sacks, prepaid, to the
Missions to Seamen, 11, Buckiugham-street, Strand, London,
W.C.; or to the nearest chaplain.
THE ILLWTHATED LONDON NEWS, Skit. 29, 1888.—868
m
THE LATE MAJOR EDMUND MUSGRAYE BARTTELOT,
KILLED BY MY TINKERS, IN THE EMIN PASHA RELIEF EXPEDITION.
SUBAHDAR KISHAUBIR NAGAR KOTI,
BRAVE NATIVE OFFICER OF A OHOORKA REGIMENT.
A BRAVE NATIVE INDIAN OFFICER.
The lamented death of Major Battye and Captain H. B.
Brmston, of the Punjaub Infantry, who were killed on June IB
in a conflict with the revolted tribes of the Black Mountain,
on British territory, near the Oghi outpost beyond Abbottabadr
was noticed in this Joarn&l at the time. Farther accounts
showed that the Ghoorkas behaved with great bravery;
and the native officer, Subahdar Kishanbir, 1st Battalion
5th Ghoorkas, with heroic courage. It appears that on
approaching Chitabad heavy firing was opened on the
advanced guard, which was accompanied by Major Battye
and Captain Urmston. On its being reported that a havildar
with the rear-guard had been wounded Major Battye and
Captain Urmston Joined the rear and placed the wounded
man in & dandy. The fire now became very heavy, and Major
Battye ordered the Ghoorkas to retire on a village occupied by
the advanced guard. The jungle here was very thick, and,
while retiring, Captain Urmston was severely wounded with
an axe in the left shoulder. Shortly after this Subahdar
Kishanbir heard the bugler boy calling out for assistance, and
exclaiming that the Major was attacked. On rushing up the
Subahdar saw Major Battye, severely wounded, defending
himself. The Subahdar dashed in and drove his sword
with both hands through the chest of the assailant, who
dropped dead. Seizing Major Battye’s arm, Kishanbir led
him off, but after a few steps Major Battye fell. Large
numbers of tribesmen now surrounded the small party, cutting
off retreat in every direction, save down a precipitous ravine.
A dash was made upon Captain Urmston. The Subahdar
shouted, “ Fight bravely, my children; do not desert your
English officers ! If you must die, let some of these dogs die
with you ! ” The Sepoys fought stanchly together until Major
Battye and Captain Urmston were both dead. The Subahdar,
who had exhausted his rifle ammunition, discharged his
remaining revolver cartridges, and shouted, “ Both the officers
are dead ; now you may save your own lives ! ” He then, with
the two surviving Sepoys, jumped down the ravine, and
eventually managed to rejoin the main force. He was badly
wounded. A bullet had passed through his thigh, and he had
a gash on the head and a disabled arm. Nevertheless, he
insisted upon marching back with the force to recover the
bodies of Major Battye and Captain Urmston. The Sepoys
accordingly fought their way back, and eventually carried off
their dead, and succeeded in returning, late in the evening, to
Oghi Eort.
We are requested by Colonel H. B. Urmston, of Ardenlee,
Maidstone, father of the gallant officer bearing that name
whose loss is deplored, to publish the Portrait of Subahdar
Kishaubir Nagar Koti, who has nearly recovered from his
wounds, and is at present on sick leave at his home in Nepaul.
The Subahdar has already been three times decorated with the
Order of Merit for his conspicuous gallantry on different
occasions. The Portrait is from a photograph by Messrs. H.
Browning and Son, India.
With regard to Captain Urmston, there is a letter from
Colonel John Haughton bearing testimony to a singular act
of courage which he once performed alone, in passing among
enemies in the dark at night, through the craggy hills at
Bagh, when he was doing duty with the transport department
of General Tytler’s brigade, in the Z&imusht expedition of
December, 1878. He died a worthy death, falling in the act
of trying to save a wounded comrade.
Mr. Blane, M.P., was released on Sept. 24 from Londonderry
Jail, where he had been imprisoned for some time for offences
against the Crimes Act.—Two Roman Catholic priests have
been sentenced by Mr. M‘Leod at Arklow to six weeks' im¬
prisonment for inciting persons to join in an illegal conspiracy.
MUNICIPAL INCORPORATION OP CHELMSFORD : MR. FURBANK READING THE CHARTER AT THE TOWNHALL.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 29, 1888.-369
1. Bolnbo, on the Congo River.
* Looking up the Congo from the house of Shiek Mahorned-bln-Seld, at Stanley
_Fa.ll*. j. view from below Stanley Fall*.
L Babul n-Wn*ongoIo Tribe (Three Type*).
5. Village In Mahnmed-bin-Seld'* District. 6. Hut* at Yambina.
7. Our House ut Stanley Falls. 8. Native Woman of Aruwlnil Fall*.
9 . A and R. Palm-oil Pots, Yaiublna.
C. Pot containing Cam-wood and Olives, Articles of nn
Aruwlnil Native * Toilet; carried over the shoulder.
D. Bosket used for sifting Manioc Flour. Ac.
K. Bark-box used for preserving Manioc Flour, Ac.
F. Basket for Provision*.
10. Stanley Falls.
11. Native of the Aruwlnil Country.
12 . House* In row* : Five hours' march to Stanley Falls.
13. ltlniba.
14. House* of Tippoo Tib, Stanley Fall*.
THE EMIN PASHA RELIEF EXPEDITION IN CENTRAL AFRICA.—SEE PAGE 367.
SKETCHES MY MU. HEBBBBT WARD, A COMPANION OF MB. U. M. STANLEY.
370
TI1E ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 29, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
ACTHOU OF "noROTUV FoBOTKlt," "ClIII.WIRS OF (HOBOS"
“TB« ItRVGLT OF MAM," “KAT1IABISF ItHUlSA,” KTO.
CHAPTER XXIV.
THK CAMP IN THE COMB.
camping-place, when
1 awoke in the morn¬
ing, I found to be
m ar the head of a
most beautiful comb
or valley among the
Black Down Hills. I
knew it not at the
time, but it was not
far from that old
Roman stronghold
which we had passed
on our way to Taun¬
ton, called Ca tic
Hatch. The hills rose
steep on cither hand,
their slopes hidden
by trees. At our feet
the brook took its
rise in a green quag¬
mire. The birds were
singing, the sun was
already high, and the
air was warm, though
there was a fresh
breeze blowing. The
warmth and sweetness tilled my soul when I awoke, and I sat up
with joy, until suddenly I remembered why we were here, and
who were here with me. Then my heart sank like a lump of lead
in water. I looked around. My father lay just as he had been
lying all the day before, motionless, white of cheek, and as
one dead, save for the slight motion of his chest and the
twitching of,his nostril. As 1 looked at him in the clear morn¬
ing light, it was borne in upon me very strongly that he was
indeed dead, inasmuch as his soul seemed to have fled. He saw
nothing, he felt nothing. I f the flies crawled over his eyelids he
made no sigu of disturbance; yet he breathed, and from time
to time he murmured—-but as one that dreameth. Beside
him lay my mother sleeping, worn out by the fatigues of the
night. ’ Bamaby had spread his coat to rover her so that she
should not take cold, and he had piled a little heap of dead
leaves to make her u pillow. He was lying at her feet, head
on arm, sleeping heavily. What should be done, I wondered,
when next he woke ?
First I went down the comb a little way till the stream was
deep enough, and there I bathed my feet, which were swollen
and bruised by the long walk up the comb. Though it was in
the midst of so much misery, there was a pleasure of dabbling
my feet iu the cool water and afterwards of walking about
barefoot in the grass. I disturbed an adder which was sleeping
on a flat stone in the sun, and it lifted its venomous head and
hissed, but did not spring upon me. Then I washed my face
aud hands and made my hair as smooth as without a comb it
was possible. When I had done this I remembered that
perhaps my father might be thirsty, or, at least, able to drink,
though he seemed no more to feel hunger or thirst. So
1 filled the tin pannikin—it was Burnaby's—with water
and tried to pour a little into his mouth. He seemed to
swallow it, aud I gave him a little more until he would
swallow no more. Observe that he took no other nourish¬
ment than a little water, wine, or milk, or a few
dreiis of broth, until the end. So I covered his face with
a handkerchief to keep off the flics, aud left him. Then I
looked into the basket. All thflt there was iu it would not Ins
more than enough for Bamabv's breakfast, unless his appetite
should fail him by reason of fear; though, in truth, he had no
fear of being captured, or of anything else. There was in it n
piece of bacon, a large loaf of bread, a lump of cheese, a
bottle of cider; nothing more. When these provisions were
gone, what next ? Could we venture into the nearest village
and buy food, or to the first farm-house ? Then we might fall
straight into the jaws of the enemy, who were probably
running over the whole country in search of the fugitives.
Could we buy without money f Could we beg without arousing
suspicionsIf the people were well-inclined to tire Protestant
cause we might trust them. But how could we tell that ? So
iu my mind 1 turned over everything except the one thing
which might have proved our salvation, aud that you shall
hour directly. Also, which was a very strange thing, I quite
forgot that I had upon me, tied by a string round my waist
and well concealed, Bnmaby's bag of gold—two hundred and
fifty pieces. Thus there was money enough and to spare. I
discovered, next, that our pony had run away in the night. The
cart was there, but no pony to drag it. Well, it was not much;
but it seemed an additional burden to bear. I ventured a
little way up the valley, following a sheep - track which
mounted higher and higher. I saw no sign anywhere of man’s
presence; that, 1 take it. is marked in woods by circles of burnt
cinders, by trees felled, by bundles of broom or fern tied up,
or by shepherds’ huts. Here there was nothing at all; you
would have said that the place had never been visited by man.
Presently 1 came to a place where the woods ceased, the last
of the trees being much stunted and blown over from the
west; and then the top of the hill began, not a sharp pico or
point, but a great open plniu, flat, or swelling out here and there
with many of the little hillocks which people say are ancient
tombs. And no trees at all. but only bare turf, so that one
could sec a great way off. But there was no sign of man any¬
where ; no smoke in the comb at my feet; no shepherd on the
hill. At this juncture of our fortunes any stranger might be
an enemy; therefore I returned, but so far well pleased.
Bamuby was now awake, and was inspecting the basket of
provisions.
"Sister,” he said, “we must go upon half rations for
breakfast; but I hope, unless my skill fails, to bring you
something bettor for supper. The bread yon shall have, and
mother. The bacon tnuy keep till to-morrow. The cider you
had better keep against such times as you feel worn out and
want a cordial, though a glass of Nantz were better, if
Nantz grew in the woods.” He looked around as if to see
whether a miracle would not provide him with a flask of strong
drink, but, seeing none, shook his head.
" As for me,” he went on, “ 1 am a sailor, and I understand
how to forage. Therefore, yesterday, foreseeing that the pro¬
visions might give out, 1 dropped the shank of the ham into
UIV pocket, bow you shall see.”
' He produced this delieute morsel, and. sitting down, began
to gnaw and to bite into the bone with bis strong teeth, exactly
like a dog. This he continued, with every sign of satisfaction,
for a quarter of an hour or so, when he desisted, and replaced
the bone in liis pocket, ,
“ We throw away the bones,” he said. "Thedogs gnaw
•All JMvV* UtKrv.d.
them and devour them. Think you that it is for their amuse¬
ment 1“ Not so; but for the juices and the nourishment that
are in and around the bone ; for the marrow and for the meat
that still will stick in odd corners.” lie went down to the
stream with the pannikin and drank a cup ortwoof water to finish
what they call a horse’s meal—namely, the food first and the
water afterwards.
“ And now,” he added, “ I have breakfasted. It is true that
I am still hungry, but I have eaten enough to carry me on for
a while. Many a poor lad cast away on a desert shore would
find the shank of a ham a meal fit for a king; aye. and a meal
or two after that. I shall make a dinner presently off this
bone; and I shall still keep it against a time when there may
be no provision left.”
Then he looked about him, shading his eyes with his
hand. “Let us consider,” he said. “The troopers, I take
it, are riding along the roads. Whether they will ride
over these hills, I know not; but I think they will not,
because their horses cannot well get up these combs.
Certainly, if they do, it will not be by the way we came.
We are here, therefore, hidden away snug. Why should
we budge? Nowhere is there a more deserted part of the
country than Black Down, on whose side we are. And I
do not think, further, that we should find anywhere a safer
place to hide ourselves in than this comb, where, I dare to say,
no one comes, unless it be the gipsies or the broom-squires, all
tile year round. And now they are all laden with the spoil of
the army—for, after a battle, this gentry swoop down upon the
Held like the great birds wbieli I have seen abroad upon the
carcases of drowned beasts, and plunder the dead. Next they
must go into town in order to sell their booty; then they will
be fain to drink about till all is spent; so they will leave us
undisturbed. Therefore, eve will stay here, Sister. First, I
will go try the old tricks by which I did often in the old
time improve the fare at home. Next, I will devise some way
of making a more comfortable resting-place. Thank the Lord
for fine weather, so for.”
He was gone a couple of hours. During that time my
mother awoke. Her mind was broken by the suddenness of
this trouble, and she cared no more to speak, sitting still by the
side of her husband, and watching for any change m him. But
I persuaded her to take a little bread aud a cup of cider.
When Bamaby came back, he brought with him a black¬
bird, a thrush, and two wood-pigeons. He had not forgotten
the tricks of his boyhood, when he would often bring home a
rabbit, a hare, or a basket of trout. So that my chief terror,
that we might be forced to abandon our hiding-place through
sheer hunger, was removed. But Ilamaby was full of all kinds
of devices.
He then set to work with his great knife, cutting down a
quantity of green branches, which he laid out side by side,
with their leaves on, and then bound them together, cleverly
interlacing the smaller shoots and branches with each other, so
that he made a long kind of hurdle, about six feet high. This,
which by reason of the leaves was almost impervious to the
wind, he disposed round the trunks of three young trees
growing near each other. Thus he made a small three-cornered
inclosure. Again, he cut other and thicker branches, and laid
them over and across this hurdle, and cut turf which he placed
upon the branches, so that here was now a hut with u roof and
walls complete. Said 1 not that Bamaby was full of devices r
“ There,” he said, when all wasieady, “ is a house for you.
It will have to rain hard aud long before the water begins to
drop through the branches which make the roof aud the slabs
of turf. Well, ’t is a shelter. Not so comfortable as the old
cottage, perhaps, but nearly as commodious. If it is not a
palace, it will serve us to keep off the sun by day and the dew
by night.”
Next lie gathered a great quantity of dry fern, dead leaves,
and heather, nnd these lie disposed within the hut, so that
they made a thick and warm carpet or covering. Nay, at
night they even formed a covering for the feet and prevented
one from" feeling cold. When all was done, he lifted my
father gently and laid him with great tenderness upon this
carpet within the rude shelter.
“This shall be a warmer night for thee than the last,
Dad,” he said. “ There shall be no jolting of thy poor bones.
What, mother ? We can live here till the cold weather comes.
The wind will perhaps blow a bit through the leaves to-night,
but not much, und to-morrow I will see to that. Be easy in
your mind about the provisions ’’—Alas! my poor mother was
thinking of anything in the world except the provisions—
“ There are rabbits and birds in plenty; we can catch them and
cat them; bread we must do without when what we have is goue,
aud as for strong drink nnd tobacco”—he sighed heavily—
“ they will come again when better times are served out.”
In these labours 1 helped as much as I was able, and parti¬
cularly in twisting the branches together. And thus the
whole day passed, not tediously, und without any alarms, the
labour being cheered by the hopefulness of Barnaby’s honest
face. No one, to look at that face, could believe that he was
flying for his life, and would be hanged if he was caught.
After sunset we lit a fire, but n small oue only, and well hidden
by the woods, so that its light might not be seen from below.
Then Burnaby dcxtrously plucked and trussed the birds and
roasted them "in the embers, so that had my heart been at rest
1 should have had a most delicious supper. And I confess
that I did begin to pluck up a little courage, aud to hope that
we might yet escape, and that Robin might be living.
After supper my mother prayed, and I could join with more of
resignation and something of faith. Alas ! in times of trial
liow easily doth the Christian fall from faith I The day before,
prayer seemed to me a mockery; it was as if all prayer were
addressed to u deaf God, or to One who will not hear; for our
prayers had all been for safety and victory, and we were
suddenly answered with disaster and defeat.
After supper, Barnnby sat beside the embers and began to
talk in a low voice.
“ ’Twill be ir sorrowful barley-mow song this year,” he
said : “a dozen brave lads from Bradford alone will be dead.”
“ Not all dead, Bamaby ! Oil! not aU.' ”
“I know not. Some are prisoners, some are dead, some
are running away.” Then he begnu to sing iu a low voice,
“ Here’s a health to the barley-mow-
I remember, Sister, when I would run a mile to hear
that song, though my father flogged me for it in the morning.
’Tis the best song ever written.” He went on singing in a
kind of whisper—
'• We 'll drink it out of the nipperkin, hoys-
Robin—poor liobin I he is dead I—was a famous hand at
singing it; but Humphrey found the words too rustical.
Humphrey-—who is now dead, too !—was ever for fine words,
like Mr. Boscorel.
We'll drink it out of the jolly brown bowl-
“I think I see him now-poor Robin! Well; he is no more.
He used to laugh in all our faces while he sang it
We *11 drink it out o’ the river, my boys.
Here ’» a health to the haricy-mow 1
The river, the well, the pipe, the hogshead, the half-
Hngshead, the anker, the half-anker, the gallon, the
Pottle, the quart, tlio pint, the half-pint, the quarter-
1 ‘iot, tile nipperkin, the jolly brown bowl, my boys,
Here's a health to the larley-mow I ”
He trolled out the song in n melodious whisper. Oh!
Bamaby, how didst thou love good companionship with
singing nnd drinking I
“’Twill be lonely for thee, Sister, at Bradford when thou
dost return; Sir Christopher, I take it, will not long hold up
his head, and Madam will pine away for the loss of Robin, and
mother looks as if she would follow after, so white and wan is
she. If she would speak or complain or cry it would comfort
her, poor soul! ’Twos a sad day for her when she married
the poor old Dad. Poverty and hard work, aud now a cruel
end—poor mother! ”
“ Bamaby, you tear my heart! ”
“ Nay, Child, 'tis better to talk than to keep silence.
Better have your heart tom thun be choked with your pain.
Thou art like unto a man who hath n wounded leg, and if he
doth not consent to have it cut off, though the anguish be
sharp, he will presently bleed to death. Say to thyself
therefore, plain and clear, ‘ Robin is deud; I have lost my
sweetheart.’ ”
“ No—no—Bamuby—I cannot say those cruel words!
Oh! I cannot say them; 1 cannot feci that Robin is truly
dead! ”
“ Put the case that he is living. Then he is either a
prisoner or he is in hiding. If a prisoner, he is ns good as
dead: because the Duke’s officers and the gentlemen who joined
him, they will never forgive—that is quite certain. If I were
a prisoner I should feel my neck already tightened. If he is
not a prisoner, where is he to hide ?—whither betake himself ?
I can get sailors’ duds and go abroad before the mast; and ton
to one nobody will find me out, because, d ’ye see, I can talk
the sailors' language, and I know their manners and customs.
But, Robin—what is Robin to do, if he is alive? Aud this, I
say, is doubtful. Best say to thyself, ‘ I have lost my sweet¬
heart.’ So wilt thou all the sooner recover thy cheerfulness.”
“ Bamaby, you know not what yon say ! Alas! if my
Robin is dead—if roy boy is truly dead—then I ask for nothing
more than swift death—speedy death—to join him and be
with him! ”
“ If he escape he will make for Bradford Oreas and hide
in the Corton woods. That is quite certain. They always make
for home. I would that we were in that friendly place, so that
youeouldgolivc in the cottage and briugprovisions,with tobacco
and drink, to us unsuspected and unseen. When we have
rested here a while we will push across the hills and try to get
there by night; but it is a weary way to drag that wounded muu.
However”—he broke off and said earnestly—“makeup thy
mind, Child, to the worst. ’Tis as if a shipwrecked man should
hope that enough of the ship would flout to curry him homo
withal. Make up thy mind. We are all ruined aud lost—
all—all—all. Thy father is dying—thy lover is dead thiu art
thyself in great danger by reason of that affair at Taunton.
Everything being gone, turn round therefore and make thyself
as comfortable as possible. Wlmt will happen wc know not.
Therefore count every day of safety for gain, nnd every meal
for a respite.”
He was silent for a while, leaving me to think over what lie
had said. Here, indeed, was a philosopher. Things being all
lost, and our affairs in u desperate condition, we were to turn
round and make ourselves as comfortable as wc could.' This,
I suppose, is what sailors are wont to do ; certainly they are a
folk more exposed to misfortune than others, an l therefore,
perhaps, more ready to make the best of whatever happens.
“ Bamaby,” I said presently, “ how cun I turn round and
make myself comfortable?”
“The evening is still,” he said, without replying. “See,
there is a bat, and there another. If it were not for the
trouble in there ”—he pointed to the liut—" I should be easy
in my mind and contented. I could willingly live here a
twelvemonth. Why, compared with the lot of the poor deo ils
who must now be in prison, what is ours? They get the foul
and stinking Clink, with bad food, in the midst of wounded
men whose hurts are petrifying, with jail fever, and with the
whipping-post or the gallows to come. We breathe sweet air,
wc find sufficient food—to-morrow, if I know any of the signs,
thou slmlt taste a roasted hedgehog, dish fit for a king ! 1
found at the bottom of the comb a pot left by some gipsies:
tliou slialt have boiled sorrel aud mushrooms to thy supper. If
we stay here long enough there will be nuts and blackberries
nnd whortleberries. Pity, a thousand pities, there is not a drop
of drink.' 1 dream of punch and hipsy. Think npon what
remains, even if thou canst not bear to think of what is lost.
Hast ever seen a tall ship founder in the waves ? They close
over her as she sinks, and, in un iustant.it is as if that tall
ship with all her crew had never been in existence at all. The
army of Monmouth is scattered and ruined. VVell; it is, with
us, amidst these woods, just as if there had been tto army. It
has been a dream perhaps. Who can toll? Sometimes all the
past sce-s to have been a dream. It is all a dream—past and
future. There is no past and there is no future: aU is a
dream. But the present we have. Let us be content there¬
with.”
He spoke slowly and with measured accents, as one
.enchanted. Sometimes Bamaby was but a rough and rude
sailor. At other times, as these, he betrayed signs of his early
education aud spoke as one who thought.
“ It is ten years and more since last I breathed the air of
the hills. I knew not that I loved so much the woods and
valleys and the streams. Some day, if 1 survive this adventure,
I will build me a hut aud live here alone in the woods. Why,
if 1 were alone 1 should have an easy heart. If I were driven
out of oue place I could find another. I nra in no hurry to get
down among men and towns. Let us all stay here and be
happv. But there is Dad—who lives not, yet is not dead.
Sister, be thankful for thy safety in the woods, and think not
too much upon the dead.”
Wc lived in this manner, the weather being for the most
part fine aud warm, but with showers now und then, for a
fortnight or thereabouts, no one coming up the comb and
there being still no sign of man’s presence in the hills. Our
daily fare consisted of the wild birds snared by Bamaby, such
creatures as rabbits, hedgehogs, and the like, which lie caught
by ingenious ways, and trout from the brook, which he caught
with a twisted pin or by tickling them witli his hand. There
wore also mushrooms and edible leaves, such as the nettle,
wild sorrel, and the lika, of which he knew. These we boile i
and ate. He also plucked the half-ripe blackberries and boiled
them to make a sour drink, and one which, Bkc the cider loved
by our people, would grip his throat, because he could not
endure plain cold water. And he made out of the bones of
the birds a kind of thin broth for my father, of which he daily
swallowed a tcaspoouful or so. So that we fared well, if not
sumptuously. The bread, to be sure, which Bamaby left for
mother and me, was coining to the last crust, and I know not
how we should have got more without venturing into the nearest
village.
Now, as I talked every night with my brother, I found out
what a brave and simple soul it was—always cheerful mid
hopeful, talking always as if we were the most fortunate people
iu the world, instead "of the most miserable, and yet, by keep¬
ing the truth before me, preventing me from getting into
another Fool’s Paradise as to our safety and Robin’s escape
such as that into which I had fallen after the army marched out
T1IK ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Sept. 29, 1888.—371
DRAWN BY A. POllESTIEK.
" noun," I mill, «bnrarr I // no it go higher up I hr romti you icin erilaluly writ aitil mrti, who uhraya rob ami beat boyar
• FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM. -—BY WALTER BESAXT.
372
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 29, 1888
ot Tnuuton. 1 understand, now, that he wns always thinking
how to smoothe und soften things for us, so that we might not
go distracted with anxiety mid grief; finding work for me, talk¬
ing about other things—in short, the most thoughtful and affec¬
tionate brother in all the world. As for my mother, he could do
nothing to move her. She still sat beside her wounded husband,
watching all dnv long for any sign of consciousness or change.
Seeing that Barnaby was so good and gentle a creature, I
could not understand how it was that in the old days he used
to get a flogging most days for some offence or other, so that
1 had grown up to believe him a very wicked boy indeed. I
put this question to him one night.
11c put it aside for a while, replying in his own fashion.
" I remember Pad,” he said, “ before thou canst, Sister.
He was always thiu and tall, and he always stooped as he
walked, llut his hair, which now is white, was brown, and
fell in curls which he could not straighten. He was always
mighty grave ; no one, 1 am sure, ever saw him laugh ; I have
never seen him so much ns smile, except sometimes when he
dandled thee upon his knee, ami thou wouldst amuse him with
innocent prattle. All his life lie hath spent ill finding out the
way to llenven. He did find the way—I suppose he hath
truly discovered it—and a mighty thorny and difficult way it
is, so that I know not how any can succeed in reaching port
by suc h navigation. The devil of it is, that he believes there
is no other way: and he seemed never so linppy ns when he
lmd found another trap or pitfall to catch the unwary, and
send them straight to hell.
“ For my part,” Bainaby went on slowly, “ I could never
love such a life. Let others, if they will, find out rough and
craggy ways that lead to heaven. For my part, I am content to
jognloiigthe plain and smooth high-road with the rest of man¬
kind, though it brings us in the cud to a lower place, inhabited
by the baser sort. Well, I dare say I shall find mates there, mid
we will certainly make ourselves ns comfortable as tile place
allows. Let my father, therefore, find out what awaits him
in tlie other world : let me take what comes in this. Some
of it is sweet and some is bitter; sonic of it makes us
laugh and sing and dance; and some makes ns curse and
swear and bellow out, as when one is lashed to the hatches
and the eat falls on his naked back. Sometimes, Sister, I think
the miked negroes of the (iuiney Coast the happiest people in
world. l)o they trouble their heads about the way to heaven ?
Not they. Wluit comes they take, nnd they ask no more. Has
it made"Pad the happier to find out how few arc those who
will sit beside him when he hath his limp and crown? Not
so. He would have been happier if he had been a jolly plough-
boy whistling to his team, or a jolly sailor singing over his
pannikin of drink of a Saturday night. He tried to make me
follow in his footsteps; he flogged me daily in the hope of
making me take, like himself, to the trade of proving out of
the Holy Bible that most people are surely damned. Tile
more he flogged, the less I yearned after that trade; till at last
I resolved that, come what would, I would never thump a
pulpit like him in conventicle or church. Then, if you will
believe me. Sister, I grew tired of flogging, which, when it
comes every day, wearies a boy at fourteen or fifteen more than
yon would think. N ow, one day , while I was dancing to the pipe
and tabor with some of the village girls, os bad luck would
have it. Pad came by. * Child of Satan!' he roared, seizing me
by the ear, which I verily thought he would have pulled off.
Then to the girls, * Your laughter shall be turned into mourn¬
ing,’ nnd so lugged me home and sent me supperless to bed, with
the promise of such a flogging in the morning as should make
all previous floggings seem mere fleabitesor joyous ticklings in
comparison. This decided me. So in the dead of night I
crept softly down the stairs, cut myself a great hunch of
bread and cheese, and ran away and went to sea."
“ Xianiaby, was it well done—to run away ? ”
■ ‘ Well, Sister, ’t is done; nnd if it was ill done, ’t is by this
time, no doubt, forgotten. Now, remember, I blame not my
father. Before all things he would save my soul alive. That
was why he flogged me. He knew but one way, and along
that way he would drive me. So he flogged me the harder. 1
blame him not. Yet hod I remained he would doubtless be
flogging me still. Now, remember again, that ever since I
understood anything I have always been enraged to think upon
the monstrous oppression which silenced him and brought us
all to poverty, and made my mother, a gentlewomau born,
work her fingers to the bone, and caused me to choose between
being a beggarly scholar, driven to tench brats and endure
flouts nnd poverty, or to put on mi apron and learn a trade.
Wherefore, when I found that Monmouth was going to hoist
his flag, I came with him in older to strike a blow, and 1 hoped
a good blow, too, at the oppressors.”
“ Yon have struck that blow, Burnaby, and where ore we?”
He laughed.
“ We are in hiding. Some of the King’s troopers did I
make to bite the dust. They may hang me for it, if they will.
They will not bring those troopers back to life. Well-
Sister, I am sleepy. Good-night I ”
We might have continued this kind of life I know not how
much longer. Certainly, till thu cold nights came. The
weather continued fine nnd warm ; the hut kept off dews at
night; we lay warm among the heather and the ferns; Barnaby
found a sufficiency of food; my father grew no worse to out¬
ward seeming; and we seemed in safety.
Then an ill chance nnd my own foolishness marred all.
One day, in the afternoon, Barnaby being away looking
after his snares and gins, I heard, lower down the comb,
voices as of boys talking. This affrighted me terribly. The
voices seemed to be drawing nearer. Now, if the childreu
came up as high ns our encampment, they could not fail to see
the signs of habitation. There was the hut among the trees
and the irou pot standing among the grey embers of Inst
night's fire. The cart stood on one side. We could not possibly
remain hidden. If they should come up so far and find us, they
would certainly carry the report of us down to the village.
1 considered, therefore, what to do, nnd then ran quickly
dowu the comb, keeping among the trees so ns not to be seen.
After a little I discovered, a little way off, n couple of boys
about nine years of age. They were common village boys,
rosy-faced and wholesome; they carried a basket, and they
were slowly making their way up the stream, stopping now to
throw a stone nt a squirrel, and now to dam the running water,
mid now to find a nut or filbert ripe enough to be eaten. By the
basket which they carried I knew that they were come in search
of whortleberries, for which purpose they would have to get
quite to the end of the comb and the top of the hill.
Therefore, I stepped out of the wood and asked them
whence they came and whither they were going.
They told me in plain Somersetshire (the language
which I love, nnd would willingly have written this book in it,
but for the unfortunate people who cannot understand it) that
they were sent by their parents to get whortleberries, and that
they came from the little village of Corfe, two miles down the
valley. This was all they had to say, and they stared at me as
shyly as if they had never before encountered a stranger. I
clearly perceive now that I ought to have engaged them in
conversation nnd drawn them geutly down the valley iu the
direction of their village until we reached the first appearance
of u rood, when I could have bidden them farewell or scut
them up the hill by another comb. But 1 was so anxious that
they should not come up any higher that 1 committed a great
mistake, nnd warned them against going on.
“Boys,” 1 said, “beware! If you go higher up the comb
you will certainly meet wild men, who always rob and beat
boys ” ; here they trembled, though they had not a penny in
the world. “ Ay, boys.' nnd sometimes have been known to
murder them. Turn back—turn back—and come no farther.”
The boys were very much frightened, partly nt the
apparition of a stranger where they expected to find no one,
and partly at the news of wild nnd murderous men in a place
where they had never met with unyonc at nil, unless it might
have been a gipsy camp. After gazing at me stupidly for a
little while they "turned and ran away, as fast as their legs
could carry them, down the comb.
I watched them running, and when they were out of sight
I went bock again, still disquieted, because they might return.
When I told Barnaby iu the evening, he, too, was uneasy.
For, he said, the boys would spread abroad the report that
there were people iu the valley. What people could there be
but fugitives ?
“Sister,” he said, “to-morrow morning must we change
our quarters. On tlie other side of the hills looking south, or
to the east in Nerochc Forest, we may make another camp, and
be still more secluded. For to-night I think we are in snfety.”
What happened was exactly us Barunby thought. For the
lads ran home and told everybody that up in the comb there
were wild men who robbed and murdered people; that a Indy
had come out of the wood nnd warned them to go no further,
lest they should be robbed nnd murdered. They were certain
it was n lady, and not a country-woman ; nor was it a witch ;
nor a fairy "or elf, of whom there ore many on Black Down.
No; it was a lady.
This strange circumstance set the villagers a talking; they
talked about it at the inn, whither they nightly repaired.
Iu ordinary times they might have talked about it to their
hearts’ content and no harm done; but iu these times talk
wns dangerous. In every little village there arc one or two
whose wits are sharper than the rest, and, therefore,
they do instigate whatever mischief is done in that village.
At Corfe, tlie cobbler it was who did the mischief.
For he sat thinking while the others talked, and he presently
began to understand that there was more in this than
his fellows imagined. He knew the hills; there were no
wild men upon them who would rob and murder two simple
village boys. Gipsies there were, nnd broom-squires some¬
times, and hedge-tenners; but murderers of boys—none. And
who was this gentlewomau ? Then he guessed the whole truth:
there were people lying hidden in the comb; if people hidden,
they were Monmouth’s rebels. A reward would be given for
their capture. Find with this thought he grasped his cudgel
and walked off to the village of Orchard Portman, where, ns he
had heard, there was lying a company of Grenadiers tent out to
scour the country. He laid his information, and received the
promise of reward, lie got that reward, in short; but nothing
prospered with him afterwaids. His neighbours, who were all
for Monmouth, learned what he had done, and shunned him.
He grew moody; he fell into poverty, who had been a
thriving tradesman ; nnd he died iu a ditch. The judgments
of the Lord are sometimes swift and sometimes slew, yet they
are always sure. Who can forget the dreadlul end of Tom
Boilman, as he was called, the only wretch who could be
found to cut up the limbs of the hanged men nud dip them in
the cauldrons of pitch ? For he was struck dead by lightning—
an awful instance of the wrath of God '.
Early next morning, about five of the clock, I sat before
the hut in the shade. Barnaby was up nud had gone to look
at his snares. Suddenly I heard steps below, und the sound
as of weapons clashing against each other. Then u man came
into sight—n fellow he was with a leathern apron, who stood
gazing about him. There was no time for me to hide, because
he immediately saw me nud shouted to them behind to come
on quickly. ! hen a dozen soldiers, all armed, run out of the
wood and made for the hut.
“ Gentlemen,” I cried, running to meet them, “ whom seek
you?”
“ Who are you ? ” asked one, who seemed to be a Sergeant
over them. “ Why are you in hiding ? ”
Then a thought struck me. I know not if I was wise or
foolish.
“ Sir,” I replied, “ my father, it is true, wns with the Duke
of Monmouth. But he was wounded, and now lies dead in
this hut. You will suffer ns to bury our dead in pence.”
“ Dead, is he? That will we soon see.”
So saying, he entered the hut and looked nt the prostrate
form. He lifted one hand nnd let it drop. It fell like the
liund of one who is recently dead, lie bent over the body and
laid his hand upon the forehead. It wns cold ns death. The
lips were pale as wax, and tlie cheeks were white. He opened
an eye: there wns no expression or light in it.
“ Humph he said; “ lie seems dead. How did he come
here? ”
“My mother and I drove him here for safety iu yonder cart.
The pony hath run away.”
“That may be so; that may be so. He is dressed in a
cassock: what is his name ? ”
“He was Dr. Comfort Eykin, an ejected minister nnd
preacher in the Duke’s army.”
“ A prize, if he hud been alive! ” Then a sudden suspicion
seized him. He had iu his hand a drawn sword. He pointed it
ot the breast of the dead man. " I f he be truly dead,' ’ he said,
“another wound W’ill do him no harm. Wherefore”-he
made as if ho would drive the sword through my father's breast;
and my mother shrieked and threw herself across the body.
" So ! ” he said, with a horrid grin, “ I find that he is not
dead, hut only wounded. My lads, here is one of Monmouth’s
preachers; but he is sore wounded.”
“ Oh ! ” I cried, “ for the love of God suffer him to die in
peace! ”
“Ay, ay, lie shall die in peace, I promise you so much.
Mennwhilc, Madam, we will take better care of him in llmiuster
Jail than you can do here. The air is raw upon these
hills.” The fellow lmd a glib tongue nnd a mocking manner.
“ You have none of the comforts which n wounded man
requires. They are all to be found in llminstcr prison,
whither we shall carry him. There will he have nothing to
think about, with everything found for him. Madam, j-our
father will be well bestowed with us.”
At that moment I heard the footsteps of Barnaby crunch¬
ing among the brushwood.
“Fly! Barnaby, fly! ” Islirieked. " Tlie enemy is upon lis!”
He did not fly. He came running. He rushed upon tho
soldiers and hurled this man cue way and that man another,
swinging his long nrms like a pair of cudgels. Had lie had a
cudgel I believe he would have scut them all flying. But he
had nothing except his arms and his fists; and in a minute or
two the soldiers had surrounded him, each with a bayonet
pointed, and such a look in every man’s eye as meant murder
had Barnaby moved.
“ Surrender.' ” said the Sergeant.
Barnaby looked around leisurely.
“ Well,” he said, “ 1 suppose I must. As for my name, it
is Barnaby Eykin; and for my rank, I wns Captain in the
Green Begimcnt of the Duke’s valiant army."
“ Stop!” said the .Sergeant, drawing n paper from his pocket,
“ ‘ C'aptuiu Eykin,’ ” lie began to read, “ 1 lias been a sailor.
Bolls in his walk ; height, about five foot five ; very broad in
the shoulders; long in the arms; of great strength.’ ”
“That is so,” said Barnaby, complacently.
“ Bandy legs.”
“ Brother,” said Barnaby, “is that so writ?”
“ It is so. Captain.”
“ I did not think,” said Barnaby, “that tlie malignity of
the cueuiy would be carried so far. Bandy legs ! Y'et you
see—well-fall in, Sergeant; we are your prisoners. Bandy
legs.’ ”
(To be continued.)
FOB OCTOBER/.
2 10 33 i
1 1 (’ambridgo Michaclma*
1 , M begins
2 'll* Admiral Kcppel died, I7M 6 4 1 10 52 5 34
3 \V| TreMyirf Limerick, lffll 6 6 11 10 5 31
4 Ik | First KngUeli Biuli* printed, issi 6 8 11 28 5 29
5 F Jolm Slieeiishank.1 died, INS3 ,6 10,11 46 5 26
6 s I LouisPUlHippeimrn,ms 6 12 12 3,5 24
7 <§ 19th Sunday aft. Trinity g 13 12 20
8 M Italllc ot Torrci Vcdnw, 1S10 6 lo 12 36
9 Tc Dr. a. Kinds died, inn 6 17 12 52
10 W Oxford Mirli-tcltms Term bepim 6 18 13 8 5 15 Afli
11 ’111 r ?sr'»"' alc ‘ l0t ‘ Lo “ lu * 6 20 13 23 !
12 F I nr. A. a Hi'result tiled, ism j 6 21113 38 j;
13) S caoova (sculptor) died. less 6 23 13 52 '
14 4 20th Sunday aft. Tkimty 6 25 14 6 :
6 26 14 19
6 28 14 31|5 2
truyed, J e 29 14 43 1 5 0
6 31 14 55|4 58 5 3
6 33 15 54 56, 5 23
6 35 15 15 4
15 M I Murat executed, 1MJ
16 'll*) Lord Palmerston die J. 1M
17 \VJ 11 * U‘ rll * ,ucnl do
18 Hi St. Luke, Evangelist
19 P j Swift dik’d, 1745
20 S Air C. Wren born. 1«M
21 & ! 21stSunday aft. Tbinity 6 37 15 25 4 52
22 M I Lord Holland died, 1M0 ! 6 38 15 34 4 50
23 I'll* Earl of Dorhy died, ls&» I 6 40 15 42 4 48
24 W Chancer died, I4oo 1 6 42 15 49 , 4 46
25 Tk St. Crispin 0 43 15 56 4 41
26 F| Hogarth died, 17*4 6 43 16 2,4 42
27 S Captain Conk born. 172#. , 6 47 16 7 4 40 10 9
28 £ 22nd Sunday aft. Trinity 6 49 16 11 4 38 ; 11 15
29 M Allan Cunningham died. Its 13 I 6 51 16 15 4 37 I Morn.
30 11* Sheridan horn. 1751 6 .53 16 17 4 35 0 26
31 W Earl of Ro«*e died, Iftff 6 55 16 19 4 34 1 1 42
ASTRONOMICAL OCCURRENCES FOE OCTOBER.
The Moos will be to tho rtglit of Saturn on the morning of the 1st, She will
be near to both Venus and Mercury on the 7th, and near to Jupiter on the
Kih ; she Is near Man on the loth, and she iff near Saturn during the morn¬
ing hour* of the 29th, the Moon being to the right of the planet till about
4h tun., when the nearest approach will take place: after this the planet will
be to the right of the Moon. Her pluses or limes of change are : -
New Moon on the 5th at 34 minutes after 2 In the afternoon.
First Quarter „ 12th „ 29 „ 5 „ morning.
Full Moon „ 19th „ 9 „ 9 „ afternoon.
Last Quarter „ 28th 5G „ 1 „ morning.
She Is nearest the Earth on the 7th, and most distant from It on the
22nd.
Mkiittry sets on the 5th at 5h 58m p.m., or 30 minutes after sunset: on
the loth at 5h 14m p.m., or 29 minutes after the Sun nets ; on the 15th at
6h 31m p.m.. or 27 mluutes nfter sunset: on the »>th at 5h 15m p.m., or 21
minutes after the Hun Rets ; on the 26ili nt 4h 53m p.m , or 11 minutes after
sunset; on the 2»th at 4h 39m p.m., or 2 minutes after the Suu sets;
i nralrcP
Livcrpw
• 1 lb
nek.
M<«rn.
A flora.
10 -13
6 40
7
27
275
11 52;
8 8
8
45
276
0 19
9 17
9
41
277
1 3
10 6
10
28
278
1 46
10 50
11
11
279
2 24
11 29
11
49
280
3 3
—
0
8
281
3 451
0 28
0
49
282
4 28
1 10
1
32
283
5 11
1 53
2
14
284
6 1
2 .36
2
59
285
6 57
3 26
3
52
286
8 11
4 22
4
57
287
9 44
5 36
6
21
288
11 6
7 9
7
51
289
1 - 1
8 31
9
5
290
i 0 33
9 35
9
58
291
1 15
10 20
10
40
292
1 52
11 0
ii
17
293
2 22
11 32
ii
47
294
2 54
- 1
0
2
295
3 23
0 19
0
34.
296
i 3 54
0 48
1
4,
297
1 4 25
1 19
1
35
298
1 4 56
1 50
2
5
299
I 5 32
2 21
2
38
300
6 18
2 57
3
19
301
> 7 16
3 43
4
10
302
1 8 34
4 41
5
18
.•<03
) 10 1
5 59
6
45
301
1 11 12
7 26
8
4
305
1 the 8th; near Venae on the 8th, and in Inferior conjunction with the
Sun on the last day.
Vex un sets on the 1st at 6h 18m p.m., or 42 minutes after the Sun ; on
the 9th at 6h 4m p.m.. or 47 minutes after sunset; on the 19th nt 6h 51in p.ro.,
or 55 minutes after the Sun sets : and on the 31st at 5h 42m p.m.. or lh 8m,
after sunset. She Is nenr the Moon on the 7th ; is near Mercury <r~
and In descending node on the loth.
Marh set* on the 1st at 7h 67m p.in., on the 10th at 7h 44m p.m., oi
20th at 7h 34m p.m., atul on the 30ln at 7h 28m p.m. He Is n«
the loth.
JtciTKR seta on the 1st at 7h 35m p.m., or Hi 59m after sunset: on tho
8th at 7h 11m p.m.. or lh 52m nftor the Sun sets : on the IStliai Oh 38m p.m^
or lh 4om after sunset: nnd on the 2«th at 6h 5m p.m., or lh 2.matter
sunset. He is nenr the Moon on the 8lh. .
Sati'KX rises on the 1st at lh 7in n.in.. on the 9tli at < h 40m a.m . on the
19th at oh 5iu a.m.. aud on the 28th at llh 28in p.iu. He is near the Moon on
the 1st, and nguia on the 29th.
n the 9th,
ir the Moon oi
SEPT. 29, 1SSS
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS
373
MUSIC.
London mnsio has been well sustained by Mr. W. Freeman
Thomas's attractive Promenade Concerts at Covent-Gaiden
Theatre, the seventh season of which has been running a very
successful career since the opening night on Ang. H. The
programmes of each night have offered abundant materials for
the gratification of all varieties of tastes; while the special
classical nights—on Wednesdays—a • devoted, in the first
portion, to music of a more serious tone than that of which
the second part of the concert consists. Many of our
leading vocalists and several skilful instrumentalists havo
contributed brilliant solo performances, and Mr. Gwvllym
Crowe has continued to fulfil the office of conductor
with care and efficiency. His “Rose Queen Walt*,'’
with its effective choral adjuncts (supplied by Mr. Sted-
man's juvenile choristers), has continued to maintain the
success obtained on the opening night, already recorded. As
we have previously announced, the concerts will soon close,
and will bo followed by a series of Italian operatic perform¬
ances under the direction of Signor Lampcrti. These will last
until early in November, when the theatre will be required
for the preparations necessary for the Christmas pantomime
to be produced by Mr. Freeman Thomas.
The renowned Saturday afternoon concerts at tho Crystal
Palace will enter on their thirty-third season on Oct. IS, again
under the conductorship of Mr. August Manns. Ten concerts
will be given before Christmas, and ten afterwards : followed
by the benefit concert of Mr. Manns on April 20 . During tho
series, several interesting novelties will be produced, besides
important works of established celebrity; and vocal and in¬
strumental soloists will contribute to the programmes.
The Liverpool Philharmonic Society will enter on its
fiftieth season on Tuesday, Oct. 2, when the first of a series of
twelve concerts will lie given, conducted by Sir Charles Hallo,
with the co-operation of his fine orchestra. Many imjiortant
works (some given for the first time at these concerts) will be
included in the programmes. Eminent solo vocalists are
engaged, and pianoforte concertos will be contributed by Mis 3
Fanny Davies and Sir Charles Halle, and violin solos by
Madame Norman-Neruda (Lady Halle), Miss M. Soldat, and
Herr Ondricek.
The Russian National Opera Company will give six concerts
at the Royal Albert Hall, beginning on Oct. s. A numerous
chorus will perform selections from national operas and other
Russian compositions, and forty-eight pianists arc to play on
twenty-four pianofortes. Notwithstanding some past per¬
formances of Russian music in this country so little is still
known here of the compositions of that nationality that the
forthcoming performances can scarcely fail to prove highly
interesting.
Signor Tito Ricordi. the eminent music-publisher of Milan,
recently died at an advanced age. lie was the son of the
founder of the firm, Giovanni Ricordi. by whom and his suc¬
cessor the establishment was raised t> a height of great
importance and pros|»erity. their almost, innumerable pub¬
lications comprising a large number of .popular and classical
operas.
Aaother recent death of a musical celebrity was that of
Mrs. Segnin. formerly Miss t'hilde. a pupil of our Koval
Academy of Music. who married Mr. Edward Seguiu. a basso,
who gained deserved distinction both as an operatic and a
concert vocalist. His wife also obtained much success in both
those capacities.
BALDWIN'S BALLOON AND PARACHUTE.
On Thursday.Sept. 111. Professor Baldwin, the daring American
aeronaut, whose balloon and parachute performances have
attracted much attention, took his benefit at the Alexandra
Palace. Mr. II. \V. Hayward, the general manager of the
Alexandra Palace and Park Company, had arranged a very
attractive programme; bnt the chief* entertainment was. of
course, Professor Baldwin’s wonderful feat of ascending to an
immense height by means of a balloon and then descending
with his patent parachute. Tho ascent was made with a new
balloon containing about 12,000 ft. of gas, the parachute being
the same one that Mr. Baldwin hns always used at the
palace, with the addition of a sail, though this he did
net use. The arrangement was that the aeronaut should
ascend to an altitude of two miles before leaving the balloon
with his parachute, and that he should then demonstrate his
power of steering the parachute by landing at a point to bo
decided on beforehand by the committee of the Balloon
Society; but these details were not fully carried out. though
Professor Baldwin accomplished sufficient to show the remark¬
able capabilities of his invention and to beat the record in
parachute performances. The ascent was made from the
north park. A sharp wind was blowing at the lime, but
Professor Baldwin went up, as usual, in his shirt sleeves and
without a hat. sitting on a rope attached to the ring which
takes the place of a caron the balloon when used by him. He
was assisted by Mr. Farini in arranging the balloon. The
parachute was hanging from tho network of the balloon
as he ascended amid tho cheers of tho spectators. Tho
balloon speedily reached an altitude of between <>000 ft.
and 7ui)0 ft., as shown by a self-recording aneroid barometer
specially made for and presented to Professor Baldwin
by Messrs. Dollond and Co. When at that height Mr.
Baldwin found that the gas was escaping from the balloon
with such force, owing to the net work not being large enough,
that lie gave tip the idea of completing a two miles'ascent,
and thereupon dropped away from it with his parachute, in
lull view of the thousands of spectators in the palace grounds
and on the surrounding points of vantage. The balloon went
some distance higher in the air and then collapsed. Mean¬
while the aeronaut, travelling in a westerly direction, was
gracefully descending with his parachute at "an angle which
made his descent much longer, and landed in Coldfall-tvood,
Maswoll-lull, about a mile and a half from the spot where he
in !,ubs “l“ entl y Professor Baldwin appeared on the stage
pop 1 ° en ( ot tbe P alace > where he was greeted with
u . J, he foundation-stones of a memorial chapel to .Tolu
FnJn'I’w v.* f ?V nder °f Methodism, were laid on Sept. 20, a
WosIai i , blrtb P ,ace - Several prominent members of thi
’• esieyan body took part in the proceedings.
G„,'M." , b tln T. 0f - the Court ot Common Council was held a
trw/wn 1 0n I’V’?' 20 ’ tbe Lord Mayor presiding, when a con
for ty scalcd between ^ Corporation and Mr. W. Webste
»ridge e fo C r “ ° £ the 80Uthern a PP roach bb « Towe
the khLTT 1 C ° n F? ss ot the homoeopathic practitioners o:
Birrainfhnm '2* h ^ Id ’ Se P l - 20 - at th « Medical Institute
Were J/' P.f ce Brown (London) presiding. Paper;
Walter T p^n?V\^' bbs Blake, Dr. Compton Burnett, and Dr
the con fere ' ” » on ’ Af tor the luncheon it was decided tha
Dr. Bhmtit ° f nexb T ear s honld be held at Tunbridge Wells
Dr. Pope vice-president ^ ted P reaident for tho ensuing year, ant
CHESS.
TO COUKKSTON DENTS.
r far thi * d'lnrtinnit thould bt odd ref u,l to the Che** folitor.
<» iLiHltiirnL TI»o problem f<» which you refer *»•»•» inncci«ra»«' a*
sUHol. Tl.*’ Whitt* Kt at K 3rd umrkt to be a Ulaek'uE nd ho
notation ifi ven WMaauhjccttn tin* alteration. ’ 1**°
UniY Hook. - Ymir tmM-car.l has been duly forwarded.
A 1.1*11 You must look at Xo. 23!Hauflin,iu your key move is uronir.
in.h5SiSm: Y,,Wr *• bm c ‘*rrcct, and shows ruotigb to justify
L Dknam;K r 1 .—I’mblciu shall aj»|»*»r if it stands icit of examination.
J Iiojm) to pnl.lisli your last probh-n sliorrly.
r oni , .i!Li.7T l,c *r! ,r '' 1 U t . ,,e bc,u ’ r of tho if Quito
non mi Shill be publisbed. The second has. at least, one rcry (hth.us dual.
J ':**?*, Richestrr>.~ >V ( . ].iiblisli those most likely to interesr. the majority .if
onr rcider*. \mir criticism not wi Hist and iny, we tlnnk the mime a very flue one.
for »'*'«*>•*“ *■»*>
Contiwrr Sou tionk or Pnonr.Ku Xo m:, received from J W siutw(Momrcal),
a (Bomltny) aud_F llmtcr; of No. 23lfi from John V,
vans, and t\ w rurht . of No. sir from K Bolmstcdt,
u if ■*',*, •*'’• •• • • '•/from Dr Waltz »Heideim-rgi, IIev W'inflrM
™,l ESmuntl.), E St Julm Cram* j- Itiiltrr, w U
Sot.i-noxiov Pnom KM Xo. 2319 received from T. IVwwwren T> jrrw
SilSmiT' 11 H , ' rook *’ 11 w ortcriM.’aniiTbury).T Huberts,Jupiter
run, K Holm*
Solution of fkoblem Xo. 2317.
WHITE.
1. 0 to H 6th
2. Mates accordingly.
BLACK.
Any movo
PROBLEM Xo. 2321.
By A. Newman.
British rnr.ss roxfiUEss.
I between Mr. K. TlMHtol.D aibl Her
( Kiuii'n ftjirniiui.)
o K 2nd
o 0 3rd
o 0 M 3rd
I* tnkns 1»
P to K H 3 :t|
K to R h|
Kt to Q 2n«l P to K 3nl
K Kt to It 3rd It to K 3rd
l’;t>tles <(^ R) Pto^Ki lth
ittoV * r Hh B takes It
23. R to Kt 2nd
21. Kt to Kt 3rd P to K 5th
25. Ki uik.'s 1* q t', K nil
2d. Kt to Q 2nd
niL’Iy ex cm pi. llc.i.
g to K s« i
g to B 2nd
16. I* to It 5ih
IS. P to K Kt till Kt
j 31. H (Kt 2nd! to It It t:iki> P
•> n -tm
K 2nd
ii g 5th
35. It Cb Kt 6th telli.
K ]\ Ith
H 5th
g Hi It 2nd
We have reeelvrd from Mr. AV. Moivmi,
Sliilliiur t'iios Lib iti rv.” It enn.-kis of a Klee
Itrin.-li che.'S ('■mi.'iYvs; neutly j*rinted, ainl
ilhotrative di'.itframs. The eoiii|*iler has inki
whieli nill prove undid to aiiyouc wishing to
ina.-teiv etiLM/ed at, J trad for. i.
Jun.. Kook II. of “ M or pan’s
tlon of games from the late
I whh mi nm|i|e sujiply of
n some |mints with the work,
study the piny of the various
Now that the summer is over chess clubs arc bririnnltu? work again. Wo
have been asked to make i he followim; nmioimeements: -
The Anieihy>t rlu-s flub has commence i its meetintrs nt 110, nmreh-
sfrei i. Stoke Newington. The inemls is iin’lude some si roiiir local players,
an i the programme comprises a toiiruamem. mat< lie.- wtih other elubs aud
( \hibfiion play. The seer, tary is Mr. llix.
The Brixtnn f’hess Club eoiumeiiees its uii'etlmrs on Oct. I, at the club-
rooms, 322, Itrixtmi-ioad, S.W.
The sixth session of the Exeter Hall Chess Club will commence on Oct. 2.
Out of lsj frames played in 21 matches last session, 121 were won, 21 drawn,
and lo lost, only i matches were lost.
In the City of Loudon Club over one hundred mcndiers liave already
entered for the coming wittier tournament. Among the strong players
who are exported U» take jmrt in the contest are Messrs. Anger, Block,
('Implicit. Fenton, Hover. JlepjM ll. Hooke, Jacobs, Knight, laminnl, Loman,
Mo.’atta. Boss, Taylor, Vise, and Wooti.
Mr. Loman, rn pnssonf. has won Hie chief prize In the annual tourney of
the I Milch Chess Ast-ocintion. He had to compete against all their stnmgest
pl.vyers. and did not lose a single game.
The Athetceum Che.v. Club has just Issue ! its annual rc|mrt, from which
we learn that the juist \ciir has Ik'> ii one of the m»>i successful It hns yet
cxiu-.lenccd. Out of 15 matches played by its first team only 1 was
lost and I drawn, a score which gains the lirst place amongst Metropolitan
IomI chilis. In all 171 games were contested, of which 86 wore won, 40
drawn, and 45 were lost figures which, ns the re|iort remarks, “sjieak for
themselves.'’ Among the prominent individual players arc mentioned
Mr. E. Cfihbs, who only lost once in 9 matches, and Mr.' (J. L. Bnwiks, who,
for the third year in succession, took the Bronze Medal for the highest
score In the whole series of meetings. Much enterprise is shown In the
management of the club, which meets on Wednesday nnd Saturday evenings,
all the year round, at the Athenamm, C.imdcn*road‘ X.W,
The Committee of tho Itoyal Humane Society have had
under consideration an unusually large number of cases of
saving life, to a great extent due to the incidence of the
summer bathing-season, and have fonnd the degree of danger
incurred in seven instances sufficient to justify the award of
silver medals.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Xov. 12, 1870), with three codicils thereto,
of John Eiger, late of Lcwcs-crescent, Brighton, and Qneens-
gate, London, who died on Aug. 12 last, has been proved in the
Principal Registry by the testators surviving executors, viz.:—
his grandson, John Eiger, of 23, Argyll-road, Kensington,
and his nephew, Thomas G. E. Eiger, of Kempston, near
Bedford. An annuity of £.'>000 per annum, and legacy of
£1000, with life and other interests in testator’s town and
country residences and effects in favour of his late wife,
Catherine Eiger, having lapsed by her recent death, he con¬
firms the annuity of £2200 per annum to his daughter-in-law,
Sarah Elizabeth Eiger, widow of his only child, George Gwyn
Eiger, formerly of Lincoln’s Inn and Brickleh&mpton Hall,
near Pershore, J.P., in pursuance and satisfaction of the
arrangement made with her after her husband’s decease ; and
after bequests to executors, servants, and others, including
£3000 to his niece, Catherine, wife of Thomas Candy, the
testator leaves freehold ground-rents in and near Rutland-gate
nnd Ennismore-gardens, producing a present rental of about
£2000 per annum, to his grandson, John Eiger, in tail male,
to whom ho also gives £2.*>,000 and a share of his residuary
estate. The testator’s Bedford estates he leaves to his nephew,
Thomas G. E. Eiger, to whom he also gives the sum of £ 2000;
and the residue of his real and personal estate goes equally
between his six grandchildren on attaining twenty-five, but
with allowances for education and maintenance, at his
executors’ discretion, prior to attaining that age. The value
of his personalty is declared at £114,r>9‘».
The will (dated Aug. 25,1887), with a codicil (dated May 22,
1888), of Mr. Thomas Tyrwbitt-Drake, J.P., D.L., late of
No. 118, Eaton-squarc, and Sliardeloes, Amersham, Bucks, who
died on July 24 last, was proved on Sept. 10, by Guy Perceval
Tyrwbitt-Drake, the son, and William Frederick Ilicks-Be&ch,
the son-in-law. the executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £81,000. He bequeaths £1000, his
furniture and household effects at Eaton-square, his horses and
carriages at Shardeloes, and three racing cups, to his wife,
Mrs. Dorothy Emma Tyrwbitt-Drake; the testimonial presented
to him by the Oxfordshire Hunt, to his son, Thomas William
Tyrwhitt-Drake: and a legacyof £100 to his man-servant. The
residue of his real and personal estate he leaves between his
children (except his son Thomas William, who is well provided
for) and grandchildren, they taking the share their parents
would have taken if they had been alive.
The will (dated March 2, 1871), with a codicil (dated
July 8, 18SS), of Mr. Benjamin Worthy Horne, J.P., formerly
of St. John's College, Cambridge, but late of Highlands, Mere-
worth. Kent, who died on July 17, was proved on Sept. 13 by
Mrs. Emily Marion Horne, the widow, and the Rev. Edward
Larkin Horne and Henry Percy Horne, the brothers, the value
of the personal estate exceeding £23,000. Subject to the
bequest of £500 and his furniture, plate, glass, pictures, &c.. to
his wife, Mrs. Emily Marion Horne, the testator leaves all his
real and personal estate, upon trust, to pay the income thereof
to her for life, or so long as she shall continue his widow : but
in the event of her rc-inarriage, she is to receive an annjiity of
£400. On either of the above events taking place he leaves
£1000 London, Brighton, and South (’oast Railway Stock,
upon trust, to each of his nieces. Emily Mary Horne, Catherine
Mary Horne, and Beatrice Ethel Horne, for life, with a power
of appointment thereover, and the ultimate residue of his
property between his issue in equal shares.
The will (dated Nov. 3, 1888) of Frederick William Docker,
late of Scarsdale, The Avenue, Surbiton-hill, who died on
Aug. 7 last, was proved on .Sept, 13 by Frederick Charles
Docker, Edwin Docker, and Alfred Docker, the sons and
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £2(1,000.
The testator boqueaths £4o0 per annum, and the use for life
of his furniture, &c., to his wife, Mrs. Sophia Docker: and
£5 «m) each to his grandson, William Frederick Lloyd James,
and grand-daughter, Mary Ellen James. The residue of his
real and personal estate he leaves to his four children, Mrs.
Mary Anna Hobbs, Frederick Charles Docker, Edwin Docker,
and Alfred Docker, in equal shares.
The will (dated Nov. 13, 1875), with a codicil (dated
April 21, 1884), of the Rev. Adam Henderson Fairbairn.
formerly of Waltham St. Lawrence, near Twyford, Berks, but
late of The Rectory, Fawley, Bucks, who died on July 21 last,
was proved on Sept. (? by the Rev. Thomas Archibald Fuller
Maitland and the Rev. William Fairbairn La Trobe Bateinan,
the executors, the value of tbe personal estate exceeding
£2 »;.imx>. The testator bequeaths £100 and his household
furniture, horses, carriages, &c., to his wife, Mrs. Anna
Gertrude Fairbairn. and legacies to his executors. The residue
of his property he leaves, upon trust, to pay the income thereof
to his wife, for life, or so long as she shall remain his widow,
and subject thereto between all liis children in equal shares.
The Scotch Confirmation, under seal of the Office of the
Commissariot of Lanarkshire, of the general disposition and
settlements and codicils (dated, respectively, Sept. 14, ISso ;
Nov. 1, issii; and Jan. 7, 18SS) of Mr.Charles Edward Harris
Edmondstounc - Cranstoun, late of Covchon.se, Lcsmahagow
Lanarkshire, who died on June 13 last, granted to Mrs. Edith
Mary Jerningham Eduiondstonne-Cranstoun, the widow, the
executrix-nominatc, was resealed in London on Sept. 14 the
value of the personal estate in England and Scotland amounting
to upwards of £24,000.
The will (dated April 8, 1885) of Mr. Henry Mitcbison
Trewhitt, late of No. 31, Grande Rne, Boulogne-sur-Mer.
France, who died at Brighton on Aug. 2, was proved on Sept, 14
by William Anthony Mitchison.the uncle. andSaffery William
Johnson, the executors, the value of the personal estate
exceeding £13,000. The testator bequeaths £5ooo to his
cousin, Ada Monro ; and, subject thereto, leaves the residue of
his property, upon trust, to pay the income thereof to his
mother, for life ; on her death, upon farther trust, for his
stepfather, Gustave Horeau, for life; and then to his three
cousins, Richard Stovin Mitchison, Herbert Mitchison, and
Arthur Maw Mitchison.
Probate of the will of the late Right Hon. Sir John Rose
Bart., G.O.M.G., has been granted to the four executors named—^
viz., his three sons and Mr. T. W. Bishoff. The testator, after
giving sundry specific and trust legacies, leaves the residue of
his property, in trust, for his five children.
Private Griggs, with a total of 258 out of a possible 310
points, won the champion’s gold medal and challenge cup of
the London Rifle Brigade, fired for at Rainham on Sept. 20.
Mr. J. S. Hodson, secretary to the Printer's Pension, Alms¬
house, and Orphan Asylum Corporation, writes enumerating
the arguments in favour of the exemption of charities from
taxation. He points out, among other things, that most, of the
invested property of charitable institutions has been derived
from testamentary bequests, upon which a Parliamentary tax
of 10 per cent has been paid, and that the voluntary contri¬
butions of the wealthy and benevolent have formed ‘portions
of the income of the donors, upon which income-tax has been
previously levied.
mmm
The moment before ascending.
The Accent.
The Leap from the Balloon.
1. Filling the Balloon.
2. Farlnl fixing the Parachute.
3. Baldwin's farewell to hta wife before starting.
PROFESSOR BALDWIN AT THE ALEXA:
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, fctarr. SO, 1888.-370
OUR NATIONAL DF.FKNCKS.
370
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SErT. 29, 1S.SS
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Though we are in the midst of a burst of Indian summer, the
Bhorteninfr days warn us all too surely that the autumn la
upon us, and that we must begin to think of costumes for the
chilly weather that is near. It is the most sensible plan to
purchase one or two nice dresses for the cold weather quite
early in the autumn, becansc I hen the full beauty of the new
costume is displayed and its very first freshness is ful y
enjoyed before the cold winds compel us to cover it partially
or entirely with a mantle ; and withal we have the advantage
of the warmth which is bo needful when the treacherous chills
of autnmnal evenings are upon ns unawares, after days during
which the brightness of the sun made ns half suppose it to be
summer. There is certainly no lack of new and handsome
fabrics for this season, and the best London houses arc offering
certain decided novelties. Woollen materials arc, of course,
the most suitable ones for such gowns ; but amongst new
stuffB of that class there is the greatest variety of detail.
Leading goods, as the drapers call them, are bordered stuffs.
These are double-width materials, with a pattern in contrast¬
ing colours forming an edge all along one side only. The
width is sufficient to allow for the length of a skirt, so that when
made up in that manner the bordering will constitute, as it
were, a trimming round the edge of the draperies ; and it
will also. if cut off, servo to make a vest, panel, or revere.
Directoire polonaises made out of these materials arc arranged
to have the border down cither edge of the skirt of the coat
where it falls open, and also turned back as the shaped revere,
very broad towards the shoulder, of the bodice of the coat.
Another favourite way of using these fabrics, specially suit¬
able for tall and slender wearers, is to let the bordering come
down on one side of the entire length of tho figure, beginning
on the left shoulder, draped in full folds towards the waist,
and confined there by a buckle, and falling to the feet to
the right side. In this case, the other half of the bodice
is made perfectly plain and tight-fitting; the skirt is also
quite plain from the waist to the feet; it is simply arranged
in long, full folds, fuller at the back than at the sides, and
edged all round with the border. Long tablier draperies, with
tho border passing round, are also being used. With these, a
coat bodice that has a vest of the bonier on one half of it only,
from shoulder to bust, is to lie popular. These ouc-sided vests are
batanced by a series of narrow folds or draperies of the plain
material on the other side of the bust and continued down the
middle of the figure from the bust to the waist.
Another now material that promises to bo most fashionable
is woollen brocade, where large patterns are thrown up in a
slightly different tint from the plain ground. These make up
effectively as quite plain dresses; and two materials, or very
strongly-contrasted trimmings, have been so much used that
really a gown of one striking fabric alone, made without revere,
vest, or folds, has a distinction of its own. The wool brocades
are made also into mantles, for which they are very suitable.
Amazon and habit clothes, much braided, or trimmed as I
described a few weeks back with appliques of some contrasting
oolour in cloth, cut into patterns and stitched on with gold
thread, are also to be well worn. These dresses are commonly
deeply trimmed or braided round the bottom of the skirt in
front, and in this case panels are not employed ; loose fronted
bodices, with vest of trimming, or plain habit bodices with
simulated revere of braid or applique, are equally correct.
In long mantles, the Russian style carries all before it.
The distinguishing mark of this is a long loose front from neck
to feet, giving the mantle almost the appearance of a circular
cloak ;itis, however, in reality fitted closely to the figure beneath,
even having sleeves very often, and the ioose front is an addi¬
tion. Many of these mantles are put ot the neck into yokes ;
others arc gathered on the shoulder and at tho waist. The
newest idea is to have tho front wings quite sumptuously lined
and hanging loose from the side seams of the skirt of thecloak,
and to gather them np on the arm so that tho lining shows in
places. Tho shapes in short mantles present nothing new to
describe at present. We must wait a few weeks longer for
those. Short jackets, hanging loose from the throat, are in the
ascendant as yet.
The Education Commissioners, in their report recently issued,
advise that women shall he allowed to fill the office of sub¬
inspectors of schools. These officials arc the assistants, who
work under the inspector ; they are generally chosen from the
ranks of elementary schoolmasters, but the salary has been so
low hitherto that the more capable teachers have refused to
give up their posts in school to accept the worse-paid one of
sub-inspector. There is now a proposal made that the sub-
inspectors shall be eligible to proceed to the higher office of
full inspector, with its salary of from five to fifteen hundred
per annum ; but it does not appear that it is thought of ns
possible that a woman should be an inspector. Nevertheless,
it would be very desirable that there should be a certain
number of those superior officers of the educational department
of the female sex. There would be a much better chance of tho
special troubles and peculiar requirements of girls’ and infants’
schools being attended to if women had a share in their in¬
spection ; and teachers would be spared such an ordeal as I
onco saw undergone by half-a-dozen of them in an infant-
school, when a young University man hail them all gathered
round him while he showed them how they ought to hold their
kn itting-need les —though some, nt least, of those ladies had been
able to knit when their young mentor was still in his cradle.
It would he easy to find many cultivated and sympathetic
women, University gradrthtos and others, fit for the post
of Inspectress of Infants' and Girls’ Schools.
Jurists and students of psychology know that there is, as
a well-established fact, an epidemic contagion in crime. The
imitative instinct, which makes the lower minds among man¬
kind little more individually self-reliant than a flock of sheep,
acts in inciting to crimes, until a stronger impulse to resist¬
ance to the evil idea is gi\cn by the law. There has been a
terrible outburst, within tho last few months, of snch an
epidemic of crimes of violence toward women. What is tho
law doing to check it 1 Worse than nothing : the men who sit
in judgment on such crimes practically encourage them, and
are not, in their turn, punished by the public opinion of
their equals and their superiors for doing so. Only abonta
year ago, the Assistant-Jndge of the Middlesex Sessions
caused a temporary outburst of indignation by bis sentence of
six months’ imprisonment for a most vile and totally un¬
provoked attempt to murder a woman. Rut not only was he
left on the bench, but last week the same Judge received—
nominally from the gracious hands of the first lady of the
land—the honour of knighthood. Tims encouraged, Mr.
Justice Charles has this week sentenced to only nine months’
imprisonment a man who attempted to murder his wife with
a chopper; and on the same day a Scotch Judge was content
to give a sentence of ten years' penal servitude for the crime
of murder, which is nominally met by the fullest penalty of the
law, and which, in this ease, was accompanied by such
atrocities that a juryman fainted at the tale. How long is this
cruel and brutal acquiescence of “ learned gentlemen ” with
cruel and brutal crimes against the weaker half of society
to go on unchecked ? Flobe.vce Fexwick-Milleb.
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
TRANSFORMATIONS.
Down at Clavgatc. in Surrey, there is a cosy nook where a
warm welcome awaits the friends who come to spend a quiet
hour or two with the genial host of The Cottage. 1 he dining-
room opens on to a lawn, which has great firs ranked like a
row of sentinels along one side, and bays and rhododendrons
in clumps on the other side, shielding the grassy plot from
the field beyond. In front of you. as you sit ou the comfort¬
able lounge at the dining-room door, there is tho sweep of
verdure which, even in tho hottest of Bummer days, is green
and cool and refreshing to the sight. Here one gathers in
“ the harvest of a quiet eye” in plenty. There are two tamo
magpies which dance and hop up and down the lawn, and
there is “ Jack,” tho jackdaw, who, albeit a suspicious bud
and a knowing creature withal, has yet a kindly touch or two
in his composition. There has been a squalling match to-aav,
wherein the magpies and the jackdaw have fully and success¬
fully borne their respective parts. Things came to a head this
afternoon when a big dragonfly careered across the lawn, and
came within a hair’s-breadth of the gentleman magpie s nose.
Then, the insect flew off at a tangent and nearly fell a
victim to tho female representative of tho race, as slio
sat in placid contemplation of tho failure of her spouse
to secure the daintv morsel. Finally, the jackdaw mado
a dash at tho dragonfly, and missed it. These failures were
speedily celebrated in plaintive chorus. Mrs. Magpie was
the first to cease her song, and retired to her own
particular larder, which ia a hole in the ground,
whence she extricated pieces of bread which had been
carefully covered with turf and grass an hour or two before—
so true is it that in deep sorrow there is sometimes found
mnch consolation in the delights of the table. The jackdaw
hopped off to his own particular domain, and speedily consoled
himself with a nice worm, which possibly was more digestible
than tho dragonfly might have proved. Mr. Magpie, dis-
gnsted with the hollow and deceitful world, remained to brood
over his defeat, and the dragonfly continued its flight all un¬
harmed, and glorious in the purple sheen of its long, armoured
body.
That dragonfly is in itself a study you may not despise.
Primarily, it is a
very high type of
insect life; but
it sprang from a
lowly egg, laid
on the water-
weeds by the
parent - bei ng.
From this egg
came forth the
grub, in the gnise
I of an active,
crawling, jointed
body. T his larva
is wingless, and
fishlike breathes
the air entangled
in the water by
means of a kind
of gill-apparatns
it bears on its tail. It propels itself forward by the jets of
water which it ejects from its breathing-organs, and lives thns
a thoroughly aquatic life. Then it moults and changes
its skin, and with somowhat of growth becomes the
chrysalis. Here you see the same water-life and the Bame
activity. An apparatus of jaws is possessed by the young
dragonfly. The jaws seem harmless enough when they
lie folded on the head, but they are terrible things enough
when they are extended to snap up the nmvary larvae which
are co-tenants of the brook or pond with this dragonfly tyrant.
Thns time passes, and development proceeds. Then comes the
denouement of the dragonfly's early life. The chrysalis fixes
itself to some water-plant. There is a period of apparent
inactivity while within the chrysalis skin marvellous changes
are being wrought out. Then the old skin cracks and splits,
and there issues forth the winged insect, perfectly fitted for
its aerial existence, and exnlting in all the fullness of its new¬
born powers. You remember Tennyson’s lines in his “ Two
Voices” :—
To-day I saw tlio dragon-fly
Como from tho wells where ho did He.
DIUGO.VFI.V.
An Inner Impulse rent the veil
Of Ills old husk; from head to tail
Came out clear plates of Bapphiro mall.
Ho dried his wings; like gauze they grew;
Thro' crofts nnd pastures wot with dew
A firing flash of light ho flow.
There is the touch of a master-hand in these lines. Matthew
Arnold has taught us that the poet is only great when he is
true to nature. Tennyson teaches us a lesson in natural
history in the lines I have quoted, and he is a great poet
because he writes faithfully and truly as a student of the
nature whose interpreter he is.
Such is the history of the insect which the Claygate aviary,
in ita collective strength and dexterity, failed to conquer. It is a
different history, in truth, from that of the late butterflies
nnd moths you see still twittering among the flower-beds by
day and by night. In their history you begin with the grub,
which is a crawling, gormandising caterpillar, that cats till
it grows too big for its skin, and then moults and eats
again and changes its investment, and so on until it has
accumulated a Btore of nutriment or material sufficient for
the requirements of its transformations. Then comes the
butterfly’s chrysalis-stage. Here you see rest and quiescence.
It is inactive, and is thus unlike the dragonfly, with its
carnivorous chrysalis and its masked jaws. It spins a cocoon
or other investment, and finally comes forth from the cocoon,
breaking through that covering as if it were a veritable prison-
honse, and appearing as the winged insect of the sunlight and
the flowers. There is a marvellous difference betwixt tho
development of the dragonfly and the moth or butterfly, it is
true; but there are also likenesses and analogies to be discovered
beneath the apparent dissimilarities. The insect quits the egg
nt an earlier stage than do most higher animals. Those trans¬
formations you see passing under your eyes are not more
remarkable than tho changes which, in other animals, are
passed within the egg, ont of sight of all save the prying
scientist. No living thing comes to the perfection of its life
at “ one fell swoop.” In all there is transformation and change,
of greater or less importance. The shore crab you saw on the
beach a few days gone by began life as a tailed creature, with
two great “gig-lamps" of eyes, and a curious head-spine
(figured in our Illustration) that looked like the end of a
nightcap long drawn out. By-and-by, it settled down some¬
what from this free-swimming stage (that of the Zorn, as it
is called), developed eyes of respectable size, and a crablike
body. Still the tail remained, and in this state it resembled
its near-cousin the lobster (Fig. V). Last of all, the crab-tail
grew smaller, and iiltiinatoly became the “ parse ” which is
tucked up under the crab's body (e), that thns represents
its head and chest alone, while in the lobster tho tail
METAMORPHOSIS OF CHAP.
a. Voting form of crab, known as Zorn }* 'n:)ica ; b . more advance .i
stage of a (Jl fetfulopa ); c, advanced stage of K
remains to form an important part of the anatomy of llio
adult crustacean.
Throughout the whole of living nature, then, there is
transformation witnessed, as each life grows from its infancy
towards the perfection of its kind. Nothing is accomplished
suddenly. What seems to onr eves to be a hasty putting on of
new things in animal and plant developments, is in reality
only a shortening of a once lengthy method of growth. Tho
dragonfly is the type of all other kinds of lives in respect of
its development by degrees ; for in nature the race is not
always to the swift, nor tLc battle to those strong of arm.
_ A.ndbew Wilson.
OUIi NATIONAL DEFENCES.
It is expedient, no doubt, for tbe safety of our shores, that big
guns from Woolwich Arsenal should be mounted at coast forts
and batteries, and that artillerymen should be trained in their
use. Rut the infantry, small as well as big, form a part of our
national resources which innst always be of considerable
importance. A certain proportion of the English people being
in arms—we allude to the babies—there is reason to hope that
the intending foreign invader, whoever he may be, will think
twice abont the matter. Thousands of little boys, ere they
have reached their fifth birthday, announce a patriotic deter¬
mination to conquer every pcssible foe. In this valiant
resolution, it may usually be observed, they are faithfully
encouraged by their sisters, while their nurses are content to
forbid only snch actual exercises of precocious pugnacity as
might be dangerous to those of tender age. The sight of a
cannon, of a rifle or pistol, and much more of a real livo
soldier, arouses the Rritish lion, metaphorically, that lies
dormant in the breast of boyhood from earliest infancy ;
and mothers are sometimes troubled with anxious fears
lest the beloved urchin, when he grows to manly stature, take
a fancy to the military or naval career. It would be difficult
to keep snch thoughts ont of a child's head, if it were de¬
sirable ; for nearly all his learning of history, besides tho
names and dates of Kings and their reigns, consists of land
and sea battles ; and in the conversation of his elders, when¬
ever there are wars or rumours of wars, no subject is discussed
with equal zest. This may hereafter be regarded as a puerilo
disposition, a remnant of childishness in the slowly improving
race of mankind, who are to become so wise, sober, and rational,
that all international disputes will be settled without military
conflict. What will the boys be like then, if the men arc
converted to equity and gentleness, and there be no snch
playthings as swords and guns.' A time is promised, indeed,
when nation shall no more rise up against nation ; and there
may be a time when national interests and pretensions shall
be merged in tbe common welfare of humanity. As the world
is now, we are still compelled to look to “our national
defences,” and the youngest child born among us will not live
to see the end of this stern necessity, which is exemplified by
the great gun bidding defiance to a possible enemy on the
cliffs of our Channel shore.
Cardinal Manning, assisted by several other dignitaries of
the Roman Catholic Church, on Sept. 20 opened the new college
at Tooting, which has been erected in place of the old one at
Clapham.
Anew hospital, erected at a cost of about £10.000, was
formally opened at Great Yarmouth on Sept. 20. Sir James
Paget, the Mayor and Town Council, the members of the
Board of Guardians, the Earl of Orford, Sir E. Birkbeck, M.P.,
the friendly societies of the town, and a considerable number
of the local public took part in the proceedings, which com¬
menced with Divine service at the parish church. Thence a
procession was formed to the new hospital. The institution
was inaugurated by Sir J. Paget unlocking the front door of
the building with a silver-gilt key, banded to him for the
purpose. A tour of inspection was made round the hospital,
the south wing of which has been fitted up for immediate
use. A luncheon followed at the Townhall.
A retired Aust rian G overnment clerk who had for many years
lived the lifeof a recluse in one of the large barracklike houses
of suburban Vienna, died a few days ago, nnd in his will bo
bequeathed a considerable sum of money to one of his neigh¬
bours in the subjoined terras :—“ Up the second flight of stairs
there lives at door No. 03 a widow who has two daughters. I
leave a sum of 80,000 9. to the one who always nodded in snch
a friendly way when she met me.” At first there was great
rejoicing in the widow's home, bnt presently the two sisters
fell out as to which of them the old gentleman had left the
money. Both of them had nodded when they met him. and
both claimed the legacy. Legal proceedings are impending, but
the solicitors on either side are said to be inclined for a com¬
promise by dividing tho money in cqnal shares between the
two sisters.
The celebration of the tercentenary of the defeat of tlio
Spanish Armada was carried out at Hastings on Sept. 20. A
meeting was held in the Townhall, under the presidency of the
Mayor. Lord Brassey moved a resolution to the effect that tho
deeds of 1.388 deserved to be belt! in undying reverence, and
observed that tbe proceedings in connection with the celebra¬
tion bad not the object of conveying an affront to any foreign
Power or religious partv. At eight o'clock a torchlight proces¬
sion started from the fs.imarket, and proceeded along the sea¬
front to St, Leonards, the route being lined with thousands of
spectators. The procession was led by a party of coastguards in
boats festooned with fancy lights, drawn on cars by horses. Then
followed detachments of Naval Artillery Volunteers, also in
boata ; three batteries of Artillery Volunteers, with guns ;
two companies of the First Cinque Ports Volunteers;
the Charles Arkcoll life-boat and crew : and the local fire
brigade. Five bands attended the procession, and torches were
borne by one hundred fishermen in tanned frocks. At the
conclusion a feu-dr-juie was fired from the West-hill by the
Rifle Volunteers, and a display of fireworks, at the same spot,
wound up tho proceedings.
l
SEPT. 29, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
077
not suffice; there is also the
Enfield Factory, and special fac¬
tories at other places, besides
work done by contract; yet the
demands of our Army and Navy
for mechanical and material
instruments are scarcely met by
tho supply in time of peace, and
in war-time it might become
needful to make far greater
efforts, more especially in tho
Ordnance Department.
MUSICAL
PUBLICATIONS.
"Because I Love Thee” is tho
title of a song by Ernest Ford,
who has produced a very pleasing
piece in which sentimental Bad¬
ness is well expressed without
degenerating into mawkish com¬
monplace. Messrs. Chappell and
Co. are the publishers, as also of
“ Beauty's Eyes," by F. P. Tosti,
a setting of a love-song from the
experienced hand of Mr. F. E.
IVeatherly. The vocal part is
flowing nnd melodious, its un¬
affected simplicity being well
contrasted by the moving accom¬
paniment of triplets. An ad
libitum violin part is supplied to
enhance the general effect. “ ’Tis
for the Best” (also from Messrs.
Chappell) is a setting, by Mr. F.
Cellier, of lines by Mr. C. Bridg¬
man, in which religions senti¬
ment is well expressed, and this
has been successfully reflected in
Mr. Cellier’s music, which is
calculate! to produce much
effect without undue strain on
the vocalist—a merit that belongs
to the other vocal pieces above
referred to. “ The Day of Love "
(from the same publishers) is a
setting of lines by Thomas
Moore, by Mr. Hamish MacCunn,
who has recently attracted atten¬
tion by some highly characteristic
music, including important or¬
chestral and choral accessories.
The song now referred to affords
fresh evidence of the composer's
possession of an original train
of musical thought. The vocal
melody, which is extremely
simple, is well contrasted by the
peculiar rhythm of the accom¬
paniment. Messrs. Chappell and Co. have also
issued pianoforte arrangements from Lecocq'i
comic onera “Penito.''
career). A selection of the favourite themes has been arranged,
in effective and easy style, by W. Winterhottom ; a Fantasia,
comic opera “Pepita” (recently produced at derived from the same sources, having been produced by Mr!
-ooles Theatre after a successful provincial W. Smallwood, who has avoided difficulties, and has facilitated
even what is easy, by indicating the leading fingering.
The “ Diamond Music Books ”—issued by the same firm—
contain a large variety of pianoforte and vocal pieces, sacred
and secular, neatly engraved and printed, and issued at the
almost nominal price of sixpence each number.
Itoosey’s *• Instrumental Library ” (shilling series) haB now
reached a hundred numbers, and includes a large collection
of violin music—solo and duet, exerciseB, studies, and arrange¬
ments—forming a comprehensive and varied collection suited
to all tastes. The cornet, also, is provided for in the series
now referred to. others of Messrs, Boosey and Co.’s cheap pub¬
lications including a “ Banjo Albnm " containing arrangement
SHELL FACTORY,
WOOLWICH ARSENAL.
The manufacture of shells, of shrap¬
nel shells containing bullets, and of
Whitehead torpedoes, in the Royal
Arsenal at Woolwich, has been suf¬
ficiently described in the last two
Numbers of The HI net rated London
Xewt. The additional .Sketches, made
at the Rifled Shell Factory and at
the Foundry of the Arsenal, which
are presented this week, do not
require mnch further explanation.
Several of them represent the
stalwart figures of the men who
wield big hammers in the foundry,
and who deal with steel plates as
dextrously as a tailor can manipu¬
late broadcloth. This is nothing to
what is done in the Gun Factory,
with the great steam-hammer which
weighs forty tons, and the anvil
of which is mounted on an iron bed
or immense thickness, weighing
altogether 050 tons, with a bed of
timber and concrete below 30 ft.
deep ; the steam - hammer is used
to weld the double or treble coils of
steel together, in the bnilding-np
of a gun. The Ordnance Stores
f actories, to which our attention is
at present directed, are of vast extent
and of interesting variety, including,
Besides those already noticed, the
Laboratory, containing five hundred
lathes, with the Chemical Depart¬
ment, where so much is done with
gunpowder nnd gun-cotton ; the
cartridge factories both for cannon
small-arms; the sheds in
waich detonating apparatus, fuses,
Percussion caps are manu-
isctnred; the " lead-squirting room ”
and bullet factory, the rocket
lactory; and the special appliances
for making all kinds of military
ammunition. There is also the gun-
eamage factory, with its carpentry
. tlIn oer, its numerous forges of
shops, and wheel-
prtfhi? 8h ? ps ‘ The pattern-room
model? 1 mterestin f? collection of
and Photographs,
auph^te S0f ". hi ° h are le nt to the
8tations ffi< Tho n t d P 8 T° forei sa
ammmfif - • testln » of guns and
proof 1 w? 11 ' I8 , conducted at the
at 4 t S ‘ n ! Me open ground east
pied bv 8 P ace occu-
“toiesof ? dlfferent factories and
is tLl ‘ v 81 ? men “ establishment
Mom ra \ un,lred ami fifty acres,
often 5?“, tCn , tho ' mrKi hands are
employed in various works at
CLEANING OUT A SHELL.
TIIK ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Si
artistic and gracious touch which distinguishes most of Mr.
Co wen's productions, and will please both singers and hearers.
“First in the Fight" is a song, by F. Bevun, of a stirring
martial character, well suited to a singer possessed of de¬
clamatory power. “A Garden of Memories ’ is a graceful song
by M. Watson, who has produced some musical strains that are
sentimental without being commonplace, and will be welcome
alike to vocalists and audiences. "As Once We Met” is
the title of n song by Mr. E. Bucalossi, who has here
produced a vocal piece of a melodious and gracious
character that can scarcely fnil to please both in execution
and audition. All the songs just referred to arc published
by Meenra. B. Cocks and Co., as are the following “ Tfe Will
Forgive,” an impressive sacred piece by F. L. Moir ; and “ Long
Ago," by E. Birch, a pleasing vocal duet, in which the voices
(soprano and contralto) are very effectively displayed, in
association and alternation. “Ellaliue” (from the same
SEPT. 29, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
379
NEW BOOKS.
Ulysses; or, Scenes and Studio in Many Lands. By W.
Gifford Palgrave (Macmillan and Co.).—it is not, in the
present age, so rare a personal distinction to have resided or
travelled in different countries of Europe, Asia, Africa, and
America, that an author of descriptive essays should claim for
his peculiar prototype the wily wanderer of the Homeric
legend, who escaped the magic of Circe, the fatal song of the
Sirens, and the kitchen of Polyphemus. But Mr. Gifford
Palgrave has seen many cities of mankind and observed their
manners and humours ; while his official experiences, in the
consular and diplomatic services, and his missions of an
earlier date, in Syria and Palestine, as an agent of the Jesuit
Order, and in Arabia, on a special errand of inquiry patronised
by the late French Emperor, have made him more intimately
acquainted than the ordinary globe-trotter ” can be with
non-European nations. He is an attractive and engaging
writer, whose style, ns well as his tone of sentiment and con¬
templative mood, often reminds us of Mr. Froude : and this
volume, containing articles mostly reprinted from the
magazines of ten or fifteen years past, is welcome as
agreeable reading. The views that it presents, however,
of the condition of some parts of the world, though
doubtless based on accurate detailed observation at the
time, require now to be accepted with large modification
from our knowledge of subsequent changes. We can no longer
speak of " the unchanging East,” when vast Asiatic regions,
from the shores of the Euxine and the Caspian to the islands
of Japan, are rapidly undergoing a political and social trans¬
formation far more complete than is witnessed in modern
Europe. The advance of Russian conquest and Russian
civilisation, now triumphant at Samarcaiul and Bokhara, on
the one hand, and the eager adoption of European arts and
habits by the Japanese, with the hastening decay of tho
Mohammedan Empires in Western Asia, promise soon to
obliterate much that was distinctive of Oriental life. A certain
almost ]>athetic interest therefore belongs to Mr. Palgravc's
sketches of secluded rustic communities under Turkish rule,
in Anatolia or Asia Minor, or in Gurgistnn.a corner of Georgia
which in 1897 and 1871 was not yet annexed to Russia ; and
there is a flavour of departing Eastern romance in his Arabian
story of " Alkamali's Cave," which he gathered from native
reciters during his sojourn in Nejd. The significance which
lie found in Siamese Buddhism, w'hen he visited the famous
shrine of Phra-Bat, and that of the ancient religion of
Japan, called "Shinto," which appeared to him more salutary
than the sacerdotal doctrine and practice of the Buddhists,
may still command thoughtful study among other themes of
historical and critical investigation with regard to com¬
parative theology, which occupy some philosophical minds.
Leaving all that, with the comments of the learned and
travelled author who has been initiated into tho mysteries of
so many religions, unknown to Ulysses or to Homer, we are
greatly pleased with his account of Hong-Kong, a noble
modern creation of British commercial enterprise and admin¬
istrative government, and regret that his chapter-title, " The
Three Cities," has not been justifies! by adding the promised
descriptions of Macao and Canton. The Japanese city of Kioto
has been more fully described in several other hooks, and .Mr.
Palgrave has more to say of the Mikado, not as he is now,
an actually ruling Emperor, but in the days of his enforced
seclusion, as a gentle, venerable figure of sacred hereditary
Sovereignty, dwelling amidst a loyal and contented people.
In the nearer East, returning to the shores of the Black Sea,
where the author, from 1887 to 1873. held the post of Consul
at Trebizoud, his excursion to the Greek monastery of
Silmelas, a singular mountain stronghold of ancient eccle¬
siastical traditions, may be followed with interest; hnt
there is little fresh in his account of the ruins of
the Egyptian Thebes, Karnae and Luxor. His " West Indian
Memories,” too, comprising some notice of the French islands,
Martinique and Guadeloupe, and the narrative of an expedition
to the Grande Soufriere and boiling lake in Dominica, are the
description of places that have been visited by others besides
"Ulysses.” Nevertheless, all that lie writes is sufficiently
entertaining and substantially instructive. From the Far
East, where he treats of “Malay Life in tho Philippines." to
the River Plate and Paraguay, where he is now resident
British Minister, Mr. Palgrave has everywhere collected rich
stores of diverse knowledge, which have been digested by a
reflecting mind, and which are here presented in a graceful
literary form, worth a score of the books of slipshod writing
and the trivial or silly anecdotes that some travellers make
haste to prink
Twenty-fire Tears in a Waggon, in the Gold Regions of
Africa. By Andrew A. Anderson. Two vols. (Chapman and
Hall).—A large amount of geographical information con¬
cerning the inland regions of Sooth Africa, north of the Cape
Colony and north-west of Natal and the Transvaal, is contained
in these volumes ; but the narrative of travel, the accounts of
dealings with Boers and other settlers or squatters, and with
various Kaffir tribes, and probably also the hunting experiences,
seem to belong to a period before the changes that have altered
* j ® oudition of affairs. Mr! Anderson began his extensive
and discursive waggon-journeys in ISiif). starting from Natal
across the Drakensberg into the Orange River country, which
he found very monotonous; in 18(54 he explored the Transvaal
ana Gnqualand West, now the Diamond Fields : afterwards
ne traversed Bechuanaland, which was then known to few
except the missionaries, and crossed the Kalahara Desert west¬
ward ; m 1872 he went far into the interior, visiting Lake
-vgami and the Zambesi, and reached the southern tributaries
tne Congo ; on a different occasion he travelled over Great
aamaquaiand, Damaraland, and Ovampoland, the western
countries of South Africa beyond the Kalahara Desert. These
tnnwn 16 ! mentioned, which are still comparatively little
German rcc ? ntl J been spoken of as a possible sphere of
devrint- 00 ”?^ 011 * 1 or colonial enterprise ; and Mr. Anderson's
wH!?i° “em seems calculated to be of more utility than
thoutb v u 0f , thc past state of thing* in the Transvaal.
Seog?ai>h‘v‘ S a a i U1 * dant al , ul cxact noticcs of the physical
Kra ^'ography, the soil and climate, and the
ofr™ C Sand .f ea o ar -. animals, plants, and minerals
NamaonaKnd f n“'! th Afn ? a have an abiding value. Great
S Atlantic n Ch e ” ds 420 mile8 al0 "g the shore of the
fish Bay and 1 rf 1 "’ fr<,m t the 0ran 8 e River mouth to Wall-
German ’po 83 cs^ion lt! d COaSt °/ which 18 An £ ,a Pequena, a new
"’a™ andXT’ does not ap P ear to he a pleasant country,
coast , 8 ?™ e /ven in the highlands, while the
aanuTriy tarren P °f lan „ d - fifty mi,es wide the sea. is
and in the kloof. Z^' " 0< ! d 8 ro "' B only on the river-hanks
iron ores, wMch wil/hlX 1 . b > Ut t !' ere are co I'Por. lead, and
the north is Dam ",V al,lable when thc .v are worked. To
ary of Benguek wvX’ eJttondin " to the Portuguese bound-
tbe natives^?,’K ! e SC f m3 , to be a rather better country, as
also irnn «•« ’ - 18 mucn copper, lead, and
the interior TcsOvamno! n0 S n ^ m8 ' Behind this country, in
of South Central Afrim °?t of the most beautiful parts
ral Africa, with picturesque mountains, lovely
open glades, well-wooded districts, a rich soil for com, and a
dry and healthy climate." This might be worth looking after,
in connection with the British Protectorate of Bechuanaland,
which approaches it from the south ; but Mr. Anderson says
that Ovampoland is at present no country for emigration,
being extensively occupied by “ too many uncivilised native*,
who are averse to whites living in that country.” These poor
" Ovalieros,” as they are called, have, nevertheless, the character
of being friendly, honest, and hospitable, nlthongh no mission
stations exist among them. The author recommends the
making of a good road from Wallfish Bay to Lake Ngami, the
establishment of British sovereignty north and south of
" allfish Bay, and measures to encourage trade with the interior
of South Central Africa. There is a good deal to be learned
from this book, partly written from his direct observations,
partly compiled, as we suppose, from other works on the
subject.
Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century. From
the MSS. of John Ramsay, Esq., of Ochtertyre. Two vols.
(W. Blackwood and Sons).—This series of contemporary bio¬
graphical memoirs, followed in the second volume by some
essays, of much historical value, on the social and economic
conditions of Scotland after the Jacobite Rebellion of 1745,
may be esteemed an important contribution to our studies of
the past. The author, who was born in 173(5 and died in 1814,
was a friend of Sir Walter Scott, lived the life of a discreet
and quiet country gentleman, cultivated the best society of
his time, reflected wisely on his personal observations, and
wrote the clear, elegant, unaffected English prose style of
Home and Robertson, which was perhaps as good as any
written in our own age. His papers, now edited with care and
fidelity by Mr. Alexander Allardyce, author of the biography
of Admiral Lord Keith, constitute a substantial work, con¬
nected by the affinity of its subjects, which fully merits
preservation as a standard literary authority, and should be
placed on the library shelf after Dr. John Hill Burton’s
excellent History, along with some publications of the
Grampian Club and with the useful compilations of Messrs.
William and Robert Chambers. They will serve, besides,
for those old-fashioned lovers of the best of the Waverley
Novels who appreciate Scott’s genuine vein of humour
in Ins delineation of Scottish characters and manners ns
he actually saw them—a source of imaginative interest that
will outlive the puerilities of chivalrous romance—to recog¬
nise the truth with which Scott drew from nature in his most
lifelike portraits of men not less typical of different classes
than distinctly individual persons. It is of the Baron of
Bradwardine. Oldbuck of Monkbarus, Lawyer Pleydell, Dandie
Dinmont. Bailie Nicol Jarvie, and other eighteenth-century
characters that we are apt to think, not of Ivanhoe, Marmion,
or Quentin Durward. as the real living figures in Scott's
imaginative creations. We only wish that he had been allowed
by the taste of his readers to employ more of his genius in
depicting what lay immediately around him ; for the robust
vigour of the Scottish national temperament, and the circum¬
stances of his age and country, presented an abundance of
dramatic subject*. Mr. Ramsay of Ochtertyre was not a great
literary humourist, but a diligent and conscientious memor¬
ialist, and a judicious, friendly, veracious commentator on
social and domestic affairs. During his residence at Edin¬
burgh, by constant personal intercourse, and after 17(50, when
lie withdrew to the management of his rural estate, by con¬
tinued private correspondence and visiting, he kept tip an
acquaintance with the eminent lawyers, University professors,
and clergymen of the Established Kirk ; and he learnt much
of their predecessors. Duncan Forbes of Uulloden, President
of the Court of Session at the political crisis of 1745 ; Dnnilns
of Aniiston : Baron Kennedy ; Lord J usticc Clerk Erskine; Lord
President Craigie : Lord Prestongrango ; Lord Pitfour; Lord
Auchinleck (Boswell’s father ); and Lord Karnes, the acute and
ingenious philosophical writer, appear in this gallery as orna¬
ments of the Bench of Judges. Lord Monboddo, with his ver¬
satile cleverness and his eccentric whims, and Lord Hailes, the
accomplished scholar and zealous antiquary, with several other
notable men of the lawyer class, are hero introduced. Among
the men of literary note we find Adam Smith, Dr. Thomas
Reid. Dr. Gregory. Dr. George Campbell. Macphersou, and
Beattie, several principals and professors of different Scottish
Universities, and several preachers or theologians in the Kirk
ministry. But the general descriptions of the state of Scot¬
land a century and a half ago, the popular feeling towards
the government of the Hanoverian Kings, the aspects of town
and country, the state of agriculture, the relations between
lairds and tenants and peasants, the old local and family
customs, the habits of the gentry and their ladies, the fashions
of dress, of dwelling, of diet, and of drink, may prove more
interesting to the ordinary reader. These Ramsay remini¬
scences arc highly acceptable, making a very good book of its
kind.
Chronicles of Row-street Cel in-Office. By Percy Fitz¬
gerald, F.S.A. Two vols. (Chapman and Hall).—The old
building, nearly opposite the Covent-Garden Opera Theatre,
recently demolished to erect a more commodious police-court,
had many curious associations with London social history.
These volumes, the work of a practised literary compiler, are
filled with anecdotes of the Bow-street police magistrates,
from Henry Fielding, the great English humourist and
novelist, who occupied the bench from 1749 to 1753, and
Sir John Fielding, his half-brother, who succeeded him, down
to Sir James Ingham of our own day ; also, the Bow-street
•• Runners,” detective officers, and pursuers of criminals,
including the famous Townsend, who died in 1832, and who
■was a diverting character of strong originality; and the
former police patrol, which was under the special direction of
the Bow-street office, before the creation of the Metropolitan
l\olice. In the second volume, bringing down the chronicles
of notable inquiries conducted at Bow-street to a recent date,
there is a much less degree of local flavour ; and such well-
remembered events as the blowing-up of the Cierkemvcll
prison wall, in ]SH7, and the later dynamite conspiracy ; the
conviction of Slade, the fraudulent "Medium” : and several
different forgeries, swindles, and bank robberies, are narrated
on tbeir own score. I liese transactions would perhaps be not
less worthy of remembrance apart from the manner of
their investigation at Bow-street aB the Chief Office for
the Metropolis ; but the peculiar domestic characteristics of
the ancient system there, under a singular administrative
household or family of police officials, which did good service
in the reigns of George III. and George IV., have a particular
unique interest, deserving of antiquarian record. Henry
Fielding, a name that will not be effaced from the list of
ornaments of English literature, performed in 1753 the arduous
task of breaking up a formidable organisation of gangs of
housebreakers, street robbers, and occasional murderers, who
had grown to be the terror of London. Sir John Fielding,
though a blind man, exercised his office with the greatest
ability and practical success ; his plan, originally devised by
Henry Fielding, was that of harrying and driving out the
known habitual criminals from all their local haunts and
places of meeting, and circulating the “ hue and ory ” for the
arrest of highwaymen. It was ho who also projected the
horse-patrol for the safety of the roads around London, which
Sir Richard Ford permanently organised in 1805, employing
fifty-four retired cavalry soldiers, with six inspectors. In 1821,
the day and night patrol of the London streets was performed
by a force of about eighty men, in addition to the old
“ Charlies’’or night watchmen. But the most characteristic
feature of the establishment was that of the “ Bow-street
Runners,” whose sagacity and alacrity might bear comparison,
perhaps, with the modern Detective Branch, thongli TownBend is
suspected by the author of this book to have been “ something
of a impostor.” He seems, indeed, to have been a vain
chatterer and boaster, flattered by the injudicious familiarity
with which persons of the highest rank, the Royal Prince*
and the nobility, sometimes the King himself, would treat him
when in personal attendance upon them ; he was canning,
impudent, and greedy of fees and presents, by which he
amassed £20.000. Some of the anecdotes told of his bold and
pert sayings are quite in the vein of tho privileged Court
jesters in Shakspeare, bnt it is probable that he never said them
to the exalted personages with whom he affected to be on such
easy terras. Vickery, Sayer, Macmanus, Armstrong, Ruthven,
Bishop, and Keys, are enumerated among the skilful and
courageous detective officers who contrived the discovery or
apprehension of noted criminals in the early part of this
century. George Ruthven, who died in 1844, landlord of the
One Tun Tavern in Chandos-street, was the captor of Thistle-
wood, the Cato-street conspirator, and of Thurtell, the murderer,
and the detector of extensive bank robberies and forgeries; he
was, indeed, considered the most efficient of the Bow-street
“ Runners.” Portraits of the two Fieldings. and of Sir
Richard Birnie, an eminent police magistrate, of Townsend the
" Runner,” and other persons, views of old buildings, and other
illustrative woodcuts, are given in these entertaining volumes.
The subject is of a popular nature, and is treated in an un¬
objectionable manner, hut there is not much originality in the
work.
The Henry lrring Shahsjicarr. Vol. IV. (Blackie and
Son).—Critical revision and annotation still find employment,
and publishers display their enterprise, in completing the
presentment of the greatest dramatic poet's works, aided by
ail that English scholarship can do for their elucidation.
This publication, which has reached its fourth volume, iB the
joint work of Mr. Henry Irving, the most eminent Shakspeare
actor and manager of Shakspeare’* plays on the stage now
living, and of Mr. Frank A. Marshall, the executive literary
editor, aided by several competent scholars, among whom are
Mr. A. Wilson Verity, Mr. Arthur Symons, Mr. P. Z. Round,
and Mr. P. A..Daniel, while assistance has been also received
from Dr. F. j. Furnivall. Mr. llalliwell-Phillips, and other
high Shaks[iearean authorities. Mr. Irving, in his prefatory
essay on " Shakspeare as a Playwright,” pointed out that the
mighty genius of the poet would be most fully appreciated by
regarding his plays as intended to he acted ; they should
he studied in the light of the explicit directions, and
further in that of the implied stage directions contained
in the text, and with regard to many points of gesture
or by-plav among the actors; moreover, as the words are
intended to be spoken aloud, the "dramatic rhythm," agreeable
to the sentiment or passion expressed, lias to he noted, as well
as the sense and the metre. With these re juircineiits skil¬
fully attended to, the use of the present edition should supersede
every other in the viva voce recitation of the plays, as well as
in the private social practice of reading aloud by members of
a party, each taking his or her part, or in single reading aloud,
as in preparing for a stage performance. For the mere literary
student, nevertheless, who seeks the most complete knowledge
of the text, its corruptions and its corrections or proposed
emendations, and of the numerous allusions and citations that
occur in it, witli the explanation of phrases either obsolete or
equivocal in meaning, this edition will prove ns serviceable ns
another ; very brief notes to the purpose are put at the foot of
each page, while there are notes of more elaborate discussion
following each play. In order to guide the viva voce reader,
whether at home or on a platform, who must omit somu
passages and rearrange others, to bring his recital within
tolerable limits, the pieces which can be left out without
detriment to the story or action of the play are set between
brackets. Each play has a threefold introduction—firstly,
treating of its literary history, the sources of the plot
and any part of the dialogue, and the printed editions;
secondly, the history of its stage representations ; and
thirdly, original comment and critical analysis, not quoting
the opinions of former critics. The time supposed to bo
occupied in the development of the story through the
five acts of the play is carefully specified. With all these
abundant helps, among which is that of small maps, very use¬
ful in the historical plays, besides a variety of illustrative
engravings, the "Henry Irving Shakspeare” is a work of great
practical utility. The volumes, published at regular intervals,
are not expensive for a work of so much labour and research!
The fourth volume contains the plays of “ King Henry V.."
“ Merry Wives of Windsor,” “ Much Ado About Nothing,” “ As
You Like It,” and “Twelfth Night” ; and four more volumes
are yet to come.
WHALING IN THE SOLENT.
The great whale which was caught off the Isle of Wight
on Friday, Sept. 21, was successfully landed next day at
Sea View. It has been inspected by crowds of people.
The dimensions of the whale are as follows: — Length,
40 ft.; circumference, 20 ft.; estimated weight, 10 tons;
length of mouth from point to top of jaw, 7 ft.; length of
fins, 4 ft. each ; width of tail, 8 ft. Great difficulty was ex¬
perienced in landing the huge creature. Some stout ropes
having been lashed round the tail, eight boats began to pull
away, and by dint of great exertions eventually brought the
whale to shore. In order to kill it some fifty or sixty shots were
fired into its body by the coastguard and others, and the blood
that flowed from the wounds dyed the water for a considerable
distance. There is some appearance on the body of the whale
of having come smartly into collision with a vessel. The
whale made an effort to pass under the archway of f'ea
View Pier, but without success. Its vitality, however, was ™
great that when a hawser was put round his tail, after gun¬
shot wounds had apparently taken deadly effect, the whale
made a sudden plunge, and quite overpowered the numerous
boats engaged in towing. During the chase the excitement on
shore became very great, as it looked as though the huge
creature would escape. At one moment it was gradually
making way in the direction of Ryde. When off Spring Vale
the animal stuck on a sand-bank, and the combined effect of
the bullets and exhaustion soon completed the capture. Large
numbers of people visited Sea View, paying for admission to
see the whale. The carcass is to be sold.
Resolutions were adopted at a public meeting of the in¬
habitants of Berkshire and adjoining counties, held at Newbury
on Sept. 20, in favour of the selection of the Berkshire Downs
at Churn for the future annual meetings of the National Rifle
Association.
fiaBl
LONDON NEWS, Sept. 29, 1888.
lffifZm0~ ! ‘r00'''
tkt !<Mi^Uor3.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Skit. 29, 1888.— 381
3S2 __
THE PLAYHOUSES.
. Augustus Harris ha* made a move in the rfcbt direction.
Will, ailinirahlo met. ami carefully seeing his way beforehand,
lie has managed to shake off the clinging attentions of modern
melodrama, a flashy and bedizened consort, and to devote him¬
self and his personal energy to a more edifying alliance,
heroes,
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON N EWS
SEPT. 29, 1888
Mi
improbable
chapel i
the "
fictioi
. .. ^ The
.v.seTf”sacrifice/ and the heroines
negation; the flashy Jews and White-
o... romances of the bar and the tap-room :
plain and twopence coloured ” style of dramatic
th.v was raised info unworthy prominence by capital,
scenic devie s. and the prestige of the “national theatre”
have all been passed over this year in favour of a nobler
subject and a far more ambitious style of art. Calling to his
side Mr. Henry Hamilton, one of our most earnest literary
workers for the stage : claiming the assistance of such autho¬
rities on costume—particularly of the Elizabethan period—as
Mr. Seymour Lucas, the Hon. Lewis Wingfield, and the
enthusiastic I'll*. Wilhelm : using the full scope of the
magnificent Prury-Lane stage for panorama, pageant, and
procession, we are presented with a series of stage pictures
illustrating the Armada period, the scare in England, the rival
powers of Elizabeth and Philip, and the contrast between our
insular dawn of freedom and Spain's degradation in connection
with the Inquisition. As presented on the first night, the new
drama was not without its faults. It was too long, too diffuse.
Overweighted with extraneous and unnecessary matter, the story
was lost in the mass of decoration. The drama could not
stand against the vigorous assault of the archaeologist: but, for
all that, now that the ship has been lightened b.v throwing
r.ome ballast overboard, “The Armada” will stand forth as one
of the most conspicuous and encouraging achievements of the
successful reign of Mr. Augustus Harris at Dru^-Lane. The
interest of the drama is pretty equally divided between
]>atriotism and romance. The reader of history and the
student of romance will be equally satisfied. We see Queen
Elizabeth not as she might have been, but as she was—a
made-up, red-wigged. powerful woman of eight-and-fifty,
prejudiced and patriotic, listless and apathetic at one moment,
vigorous and domineering at another. We see the Court of
good Queen Bess at Greenwich realised so far as history and
existing pictures of the time permit us to do so, with stately -
minuets, carefully-selected phraseology, and the statesmen
of the peri oil accurately reproduced. Scenes that have
now passed away and are never to be restored to us are
presented with gratifying accuracy. The corn-fields of old
England; the quiet homely provincial life of old Ply¬
mouth; the village of Charing,, with its old cross, in the
days of the London apprentices; the cathedral of Old
St. Paul's, before fire destroyed the metropolitan church
and Gothic architecture gave way to the Classic design
of Sir Christopher Wren ; the English people i n the habit in
which they lived in agricultural England, in provincial Eng¬
land, in Court and cottage, on high days and holidays;—surely
these things are more stimulating and are more lasting for
good than houses on fire, railway accidents, murders in back
parlours, ship scuttlings, and the realised horrors that distress
and agitate our daily life i
Not, indeed, that there is any lack of excitement in the
new drama. The attack on the Spanish Armada off Calais by
the English fire-ships, the firing of a good old-fashioned
broadside, the manoeuvring of the unwieldy war-vessels, the
cheering, the shouting, the hand-to-hand fighting, and the
expenditure of gunpowder, must interest a generation familiar
alone with a scientific navy and armaments of a vastly dif¬
ferent pattern. It is something to be able to place on the
stage, and to interest an audience with, one of the most
realistic representations of one of the grandest achievements
recorded in English history. But this is not all. The more
romantic side of the story deals with the rescue of a young
English girl by her manly lover from the clutches of a dis¬
solute .Spaniard, who has denounced her to the Inquisition, and
this leads us to the examination of that curious misconception
and form of human error that, treated with care and good taste,
need not necessarily shock susceptibilities or arouse any deplor¬
able religious animosity. Whatever faith wemayhold, weeannot,
unfortunately, blot out every chapter of recorded history ; and
though these scenes of torture, horror, and mistaken bigotry
deal with the Inquisition and the Spanish auto-da-fe—though
a Protestant maiden is led to tho stake to be burned as a
heretic and a sorceress—though the imagination is stimulated
with cowled monks and friar inquisitors, and chanted
“ Misereres,” and all the mockery of martyrdom as practised
in a Christian country, it may still be urged that there was
another side of the picture. The new faith retaliated with
bitter vengeance, and the old croud saw its martyrs for
conscience sake as well as the new* The good taste that has
distinguished these historical pictims cannot he too highly
praised ; whilst simply as accessories to drama, such scenes os
the rescue of the condemned woman by her lover are the most
eloquent and stirring that the new drama affords. In a certain
sense, the battle on board the pirate Vixen, when the hero
elects to save his country before tho woman of his heart, tho
breaking up of the mummery of the Inquisition with the
broadswords of the English sailors, and the processional
pageant that escorts Queen Elizabeth to St. Paul's Cathedral
to give thanks to God after a great victory—which, by-the-
w.iy, was supposed to be due far more to the elements
and the interposition of Providence than to actual prow ess-
will linger longer on the memory than even the vaunted
sea - picture of the defeat of the Spanish Armada. In
such plays of pageantry and scenic splendonr at DruO-Lano
acting as an art plays a subordinate_part. All its subtlety and
refinement are lost on a stage peopled with an army of super-
numeraries and dedicated to din. It would rcqunc lungs of
leather to shout louder than the din of carpenters and scene-
shifters. Congoffiicntlv, Miss Winifred Emery can do little
more than look pretty and engaging : Mr. Leonard Boyne (lues
all he can do when he is passionate and energetic, llie one is
a graceful heroine, the other a picturesque hero. 1 bey both
did their work loyally and well; but assistance of a more
practically useful kind was given by Mr. Harry Nichoils as
tho indispensable comic man, who gives to his Elizabethan
jokes a decidedly modern flavour and a nineteenth century
point to his archaisms ; and by Miss Ada Ncilson. who gave a
remarkably accurate and vigorous picture of the “ Virgin
Queen.” Miss Edith Bruce. Miss Kate James, Mr. Beaumont,
and others may be congratulated on their successful en¬
deavours ; but liie play, as a play, will stand on its scenic and
pictorial merits. The ambitious ode spoken by Miss Maud
Milton, and the tableau representing the historic game of
bowls on Plymouth Hoe. aft<»r the picture by Seymour Lucas,
will probably be sacrificed to get the play over by eleven ;
but there will be plenty left to amuse and edify an audience
not wholly slaves to frivolity and ingrained vulgarity.
Something must be done, and done quickly too, to check
the spirit of reckless discourtesy that distinguishes the first
nights of new plays in London. Rudeness prevailed at Drury-
Lane on Saturday ; still grosser rudeness was observed at the
new Court Theatre in London. At Drury the “yahoos”
vented their spleen because Queen Elizabeth dared to wear a
farthingale, and spontaneously said “Amen” when God was
asked to bless her health and enterprise. At the Court Theatre
no considerations of courtesy or good taste were permitted to
weigh against the innate selfishness of the modern “ cad ” who
presumes to criticise modern plays. Unfortunately there is
no other word for him. He is disturbed on getting to his seat;
he considers that the pit is not large enough or the pit entranco
is too small; he has been upset; his vanity has not been tickled ;
he has paid his two shillings, and he wants two guineas'
worth of room—so he begins to yell and cat-call. He won't
allow comfort to any human soul. A manageress may be
anxious, an actress may be nervous, great enterprises may be
at stake— what does it matter to the combative “ cad ” ! He
has to make himself heard and felt. He did it with a
vengeance on the occasion of the opening of the new Court
Theatre: he hissed and howled, until very shame silenced
him, merely because the architect of the new playhouse had
not satisfied his requirements. When will the stalls and
boxes arise and cry down this boisterous bumptiousness ’
When will decent people be heard in the chivalrous defence of
powerless actors in antagonism to the rowdyism that threatens
to wreck property and to discredit art.’ The new theatre is an
elegant little playhouse: all was done that could possibly be
done to make the playgoer comfortable; and yet the personal
popularity of Mrs. John Wood and the presence of Mr. Hare
were not allowed to weigh against the annoyance of a rush
down a pit staircase on a crowded night and on the occasion of
opening a new theatre. The programme offered was extremely
interesting. Mr. Charles Thomas wrote a new comedietta
called “ Heriniuc ” that brought into prominence Miss
Florence Wood, a young actress of strong individuality
and uncommon promise; a girl of education who has style,
distinction, and power. The majority of young actresses
now-a-days are weak and pulseless. They are feeble, and
possess the intelligence of the ordinary shop-girl—worth j f
creatures, no doubt, but with no nerve or stamina. Miss
Florence Wood strikes ns. at the outset, as a girl of no
ordinary intelligence, and as a young actress of very remark¬
able individuality. To sec her s and unmoved, with a
sarcastic smile on her lips, when the pit showered on her
unoffending shoulders their impudent sneers was a bit of
acting worth remembering. The little play passed off as
well as it could after so stormy a prologue, and then came
Mr. Grundy's version of the funny French farce “ Lcs Sur¬
prises du Divorce." Somehow or other the play in the process
of translation had lost colour. It went flatter than it should
have done : it had not been well rehearsed ; or, if it had, some
of the company had forgotten their instructions. Mr. Hare
was admirable enough, and so was Mrs. John Wood. The
comic despair of the one and the eccentric indifference of the
other prevented collapse; but “Mamma" must be played
quicker and with far more spirit if it is to run as long as the
Court farces that helped to make the name of Pinero. By-thc-
way. Mr. Pinero is to write the next play at the new Court
Theatre when Mr. Hare has packed up and gone off to manage
his own theatre at Charing-cross.
There are great events in the immediate future. Mr.
Mansfield will play next Monday at the Lyceum in “ A Parisian
Romance.” On Tuesday the Globe Theatre will start a new
career with “ The Monk's Room.’’ a play that is reported to have
failed twice, and very distinctly, at matinees. Meanwhile, the
clever “Mikado” is being acted for the last nights at the
Savoy, and all the company are hard at work on the new
opera by Mr. W. S. Gilbert and Sir Arthur Sullivan, which
will be the talk of all London in a few days’ time.
OBITUARY.
THE EARL OF MAH ANT) KELLIE.
The Rb*ht Hon. Walter Henry Erskine, M.A., Earl of Mar and
° Kellie, a Repre¬
sentative Peer of
Scotland. Premier
Viscount of Scot¬
land, died sud¬
denly, at Alloa, on
Sept. lfl. He was
born Dec. 17,1839,
the eldest son of
Walter Coningsby,
twelfth Earl of
Kellie, C.B., by
Elise, his wife,
daughter of
Colonel Youngson,
of Bowscar, Cumberland ; was educated at Eton, and graduated
at the University of Oxford. He married. Oct. 14. WX Mary
Anne, eldest daughter of Mr. William Forbes, of Mcdwyn. and
had three sons and six daughters. He succeeded to the Earldom
of Kellie in 1872. and prosecuted successfully his father's
claim to the earldom of Mar. This decision of the Lords led
to great controversy, which ended in the Earl of Kellie being
allowed the earldom of 15<»:>, and Mr. Goodeve Erskine, now
Earl of Mar, confirmed in the more ancient earldom—a title
so honourably associated with the Scottish annals.
LORD CRAIGHILL.
The Hon. Lord Craighill (John Millar), a member of the
College of Justice, died at his residence, Ainslee-place, Edin¬
burgh, on Sept. 22. He was son of Mr. John Hepburn Millar,
of Glasgow, merchant, and received his education at Glasgow
and Edinburgh. He was called to the Bar in 1842 ; twjce
filled the office of Solicitor-General—viz., in 1867 and 1874 ;
in the latter year he was raised to the Bench.
MAJOR BARTTELOT.
Major Edmund Musgravc Barttelot, of the Royal Fusiliers,
was treacherously assassinated, on July 19. in Central Africa,
by the Manyeraa carriers provided by 'J ippoo Tib, when in
command of an expedition in search of Stanley, and for the
relief of Emin Pasha. This lamented officer was youngest son
of Sir Walter B. Barttelot, Bart., C.B., M.P., of Stopham,
Sussex, by Harriet, his first wife, daughter of Sir Christopher
Musgrave, Bart, of Edenhall. He was born in 18.19, and
educated at Rugby and Sandhurst. At the time of his lar-
barous murder he was Major 1st Battalion Royal Fusiliers.
He served in the Afghan War, 1879-80 (medal and clasp); in
the Egyptian Campaign, 1882 (medal and clasp); and in the
Souakim Expedition.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Sir Henry Anthony Farrington. Bart., on Sept. 19, aged
seventy-seven. His memoir will be given in our next issue.
Alderman Henry Scrase, J.P.. at his residence, Highwarc
Bassett, Southampton, on Sept. IS, aged seventy-nine.
The Rev. Frederick A. S. Pendleton. Rector of St. Sampson,
Guernsey, and formerly British Chaplain at Monte Video and
at Florence, on Sept. 13.
Mr. Charles Brooke-Hunt, J.P. and D.L. for the county of
Gloucester, on Sept. 19, at Merton Grange, Slough, iu bis
ninety-fifth year.
Alexander Cook. R.X.. Commander H.M.S. Duke of Welling¬
ton. flag-ship at Portsmouth, eldest surviving son of the late
Mr. Alexander Shank Cook, Advocate-Sheriff of Ross and
Cromarty, on Sept. 18, at Elm Hursr, Southsea.
%* We are happy to be able to state, on the very best
authority, that General William Inglis. C.B.. of Hildcrshain
Hall, Cambridge, whose death was announced in our last
issue, is alive and well : and we much regret, that the report
of his death should have appeared in our coluinus.
The annual conference of the Evangelical Alliance British
Organisation began in Plymouth, on Sept. 2.1, with a con¬
versazione. which was followed by a largely-attended public
meeting, presided over by the Bishop of Exeter.
'Jhe race for the valuable Lancashire Plate at Manchester
on Sept. 22 resulted in the victory of Lord Call hones Sea¬
breeze. who defeated the Duke of Portland's Ayrshire by three
parts of a length, Baron Scliickler's LeSancy being third.—'1 he
Newmarket First October Meeting opened on Sept. 2.1 in some¬
what dull weather, and with a poor attendance. The Duke of
Westminster won the All-aged Trial Plate with Dornoch. Mr.
L. De Rothschild the Selling Plate with Kettn, the Duke of
Portland the Buckenham Stakes with Donovan and the Great
Foal Stakes with Ayrshire. Mr. J, Hammond the First Niusery
Plate with Laureate. Lord Rodney the Maiden Plate with
Claribellc, and the Duke of Beaufort the Thirty-ninth Trien¬
nial with Rove d’Or : and Prince Soltykoff’s Gold walked ever
for the Boscawen Stakes. On Sept. 26, the Duke of West¬
minster won the Zetland Stakes with Rydal ; the succeeding
Sweepstakes fell to Simonia : and the Granby Stakes to Cedar.
In the chief race of the day. Wise Man was fiist, Sandal
second, and Maiden Belle third.
BIBUSH KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER.
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! ’sTEAM y #X8TOftY : 82 and 64, LUDGATE-HILL, E.C.;
And u W, ROYAL liXCUANOE, B.C.; anil S3, OLD BOND-STREET, W.
SolTcrystal Olaas Cases, £12 129. Lady's Sue, £10 10*.
SEPT- 29, 188*
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
383
w fSE PERFECTION OF TOUCH and TONE.”
WIGMORE ST
LONDON.W.
r' BRINSMEAD WORKS
s LONDON. N. W. /
384
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SEPT. 29, 1888
A VISIT TO THESSALY.
A. visit to the most interesting points in Thessaly is no longer
a matter of difficulty, owing to the comfortable steamers
whioh constantly ply between the Pirajnsand Volo, and the rail¬
way service which connects the latter town with the interior.
Tolerable hotel accommodation also can be obtained at Yolo
and Larissa ; and brigands—the bugbear of former times—are
as seldom met as centaurs. Larissa has been under Greek rule
for only seven years, and, in its badly-made streets, Oriental
houses, and numerous minarets, still retains the characteristics
of a Turkish town. The Turks are now rapidly leaving, and
the population is said to have fallen from 20,000 to about
7000. The tall, needle-like minarets are nearly all that remain
of the mosques, which once numbered about thirty. The ruins
of these buildings and of numerous deserted Turkish houses
give a very weird and dreary aspect to the rambling streets,
an effect heightened by the barred and grated windows,
which here and there top the bare walls of the prison¬
like residences that remain. Many of the houses are low,
especially in the neighbourhood of the bazaar, and their
humble proportions are still further dwarfed by the towering
minarets. The town, however, notwithstanding its numerous
ruins, seems to be entering on a fresh life. New and good
streets are being made, and it is likely that a few years will
see a great change in the aspect of the place. Leake describes
Larissa as the most Ottoman town in Greece to the southward
of Saloniki ; and at the time of his visit its Turkish.masters
were specially notorious for their insolence. A .Turk is now
seldom seen : the champions of .the Prophbt will not live
where they cannot rule. Twelve hours suffice for the visit
by carriage to Ternpe, even if one goes to the village of
Laspochori at the far end of the vale and visits the bridge
over the river beyond the guard-house ; but, if time is limited,
little will be missed by making the rustic cafe under the
plane-tree the limit of theexcursion, and so saving quite an hour.
We left Larissa at six o'clock on a beautiful morning
last April, and were glad we had not started at an earlier
hour, as the sun, though already hot, had not yet dispersed
the mists which rose from the low ground we had to drive
over, and which chilled ns to the bone. Makrychori and
some other villages, formerly occupied by Turks, are visible
from the road, near which also lie some old Moslem
cemeteries. The appearance of the latter is singularly
desolate. They are not fenced in, but stand on the
open plain as monuments of a regime which, happily
alike for visitors and residents, is at an end. The tombs are
marked by rough upright stones, very rudely shaped, and, so
far as I saw, without inscriptions. The graves are not tilled
in with earth, but are covered with boards, over which a thin
layer of clay is spread. It is necessary to walk among them
with caution, as in some cases the wood has rotted away, and
the graves have hecorae open pitfalls. The vale proper begins
at the village of Baba, where we arrived after three hours’
drive, and made a short stay to visit a carious old mosque, the
interior of which has been turned into a burying-place. The
road now passes Ambelakia, named from its vines; the fresh
fountain Kryologon, and the ruins of a media-val castle, which
derives its name. “The Fair Ones Tower,’’ from a legend
recorded in the Klephtic ballads. We reached Laspochori—
i.e., ’’ mndtown ”—about eleven o'clock, and then retraced our
steps to the cafe mentioned above. Having lunched and
drank coffee ii la Turqut in the nsual frail and tiny caps, we
spent a couple of hours enjoying oar delightful surroundings
and listening to the nightingales, who did not share the
ancient shepherds’ scruples about disturbing Pan's noontide
slumbers. We did not see any serpents, but there were many
beautiful green lizards, and occasionally an eagle was seen
floating high above the rocks that towered over our heads.
There has been no small conflict of opinion as to whether
the leading characteristic of the vale of Temfie is savage
grandeur or sylvan beauty. Livy describes it as “a defile,
the rocks on both sides of which are so perpendicular
as to cause dizziness both in the mind and eyes of those
who look down from the precipice. Their terror is also
increased by the depth and roar of the Fenens rushing through
the midst of the valley.’’ Modern travellers, while admitting
that Livy's account is, in some respects, inaccurate, and that
his description of the Penens is singularly unsuitable to this
part of its course, yet agree with him in representing the
general impression produced by Lykostomo—i.e., the “Wolf's
Mouth,’’ as the valley is now called—to be one of gloom and
terror. The poets, however, draw a very different picture of
the spot. Homer calls the Penens “ the silver-eddying,” and
to Horace, Virgil, and Catullus the vale was the ideal of
woodland beauty. Nor are the verse-writers alone in taking
this view, for JElian, in his “Varia Historia,” has given one of
the most glowing and enthusiastic descriptions we possess of
the valley. Variations of season or weather may, perhaps,
account for the widely divergent impressions which different
visitors have carried away. Holland, who regards the
vale as an abode of gloom, paid his visit at the end
of November, and expressly says that the weather was wet
and cold. It was my happy lot to see this “feast for the
eyes,” as vL'lian calls it, in early summer, under a cloudless
sky and bright sun. The ruggedness of the. rocks was con¬
cealed or relieved by the rich foliage. The ground was gay
with flowers; the air fragrant with their perfume. The
plane-trees furnished delightful shade by the banks of the
gently-gliding stream. Innumerable birds filled the woods
with their song. As the day wore on we reluctantly took oar
leave, turning our backs on the richly-wooded vale, and again
passing the old Turkish cemeteries, whose dreary and desolate
situation was the only part of the journey suggestive of
gloom.
No spot in Thessaly is more calculated to impress a visitor
than Kalabaka, the quaint picturesqueness of whose rook
monasteries is absolutely unique. Above the slope on which
the village lies, great cliffs, towering to a height of several
bund red feet, stand like isolated columns, and present the appear¬
ance of having been severed from one another by the action of
the sea. The monasteries which crown these heightsareveritable
eyries, and can now be approached only by ladders attached to
the face of the rock, or by nets or baskets, which the monks
haul up with a windlass. How the ascent was mude in the first
instance is an unsolved mystery. The district was sometimes
called Stagns—i.e.,- the Place of Saints" ; sometimes Metoora—
i.e., “ the Elevated "—aooording as it was desired to emphasise
the piety of the monks or the security of their retreat. Most
of the monasteries were founded in the fourteenth and fifteenth
centuries, and must have been invaluable as places of refuse
when the country was in a disturbed state. They at one time
numbered twenty-three, but now only seven are occupied.
Curzou saw manuscripts at two or three of the monasteries ;
but, at present, Meteoron, as the principal monastery is called!
par exccllettoe, appears to be the only one which has a library
of any importance. The monks are very hospitable, and not
only entertain the visitor by day, but are also willing to
snpply sleeping accommodation. St. Stephen's is, perhaps the
best monastery at which to pass the night. C. H. k.
Mr. E. J. Physiek, sculptor, has erected a handsome
sculptured memorial in Sicilian marble at Long Melford
Suffolk, in memory of Hyde Parker, of the 8th King’s
Regiment, eldest son of Sir W. Parker, Bart., of Melford Hall.
The Southend Local Board have sealed a contract with
Messrs. Arrol Brothers, of Glasgow, for the construction of a
new pier, which is to take the place of the present wooden
structure. The amount of Messrs. Arrol’s tender is £13,484,
this being exclusive of the superstructures and the tramway!
whioh will be tendered for separately, the total cost being
estimated at £60,000.
The seventh annual show of the Royal Windsor and Slough
Poultry, Pigeon, Rabbit, and Cage Bird Association, which is
under the patronage of PrineeChristian, Viscount Curzon, M.P.,
Mr. R. Richardson-Gardner, M.P., and others, has been held
in the Home Park, opposite Windsor Castle, and has been
attended by a large number of visitors. It comprised 1441
handsome specimens, arranged in 124 classes, and includes a
fine collection of cats. Prizes to the value of about £2(10 were
awarded to the successful competitors.
THE MAKUrAOTVaiHO
GOLDSMITHS’ & SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY,
show-Room S : 112, REGENT-STREET, LONDON, W.
Supply the Public direct at Manufacturers’ Cash Prices, saving Purchasers from 25 to 50 per Cent.
gOLID SILVER.—The largest
and choicest Stock in London. Many of
cannot be obtained elsewhere.
WEDDING PRESENTS.—
Special attention is devoted to the pro¬
duction of elegant ami inexjiensive novelties,
which are arranged in special cases for the
convenience of ‘customers. Every article is
marked In plain llgures for «wh without dis¬
count. Intending purchasers should pay a visit
of Inspection before deriding' elsewhere, and are
assured of not being Importuned to purchase.
QHRISTENING PRESENTS.
BIRTHDAY PRESENTS.
MESS PLATE, of a Military
M diameter, specially designed to order.
Figures or grou(»i introducing the uniform of
any rein'menc modelled In the highest stylo of
an. Regiments returning from abroad supplied
with complete ouiliu of table plate. Old plate
done up as new.
PRESENTATION PLATE.— A
M magnificent .-lock of high-class plate, com¬
prising Tea and Coffee Services. Centre-Fleces,
I>essert-Stand*, Candelabra, Race Cups, Bowls.
Tankards, Beakers, Jugs, Sic., at prices from £1
to £1 imu. Social ami original designs by the
Company's own artists prepared free of charge
for committees and others.
flAUTION.—The Company re-
^ grot to find that many of their Designs arc
being copied In a very Inferior quality, charged
at higher prices, and inserted In a similar form
of advertisement, which is calculated to mislead
the public.
Thev 1 *>g in notifr that their only London
retail address Is 112. kEGEN'T-STRKET, W.
“A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS.
We know of no enterprise of recent
years which has been crowned with greater
success than the Goldsmiths’ and Silversmiths’
Comjsiny, of 112, Kegent-stiwt, who. Just seven
years ago, opened their show-rooms to place the
productions of their workshops direct before ibe
public, thus saving purchaser* the numerous
intermediate profits which arc obtained by
‘middle-men' ou high-class goods. Such 1ms
been the appreciation by the public that the
Company have now the largest buslne?* in
England, and are quite supplanting the old-
fashloncd bon** that pride theirne/rc* upon
having been retubllshed so many* decades, but
have litterlv/afle I to keep |«icc with the times,
and find it inijswribio to depart from their Jong-
rredit system, entailing bad debt*, for which cash
buyers hove to coniijrnsaf:*.’* Court Journal.
GOLDSMITHS' AND
Solid Silver Two-Hendlo Challenge Cop,
beautifully fluted, complete, with plintb,
£13, £15, £20, £25, £30.
THE QUEEN ANNE SERVICE.
or Tea and ColTco Service, four pieces, £23 15». t ug,
^-^nT^^ttcn, „sh Eating £g £ for
Beet Electroplated _ . . J. REGE NT-STRE ET.
■pLECTRO-PLATE.—The Goods
Manufactured by the Company are trebly
plated with pure Silver on the tlnt-at Nickel
tSilver, are unsurpassed for durability, and arc
equal In design and linlsli to Solid Sliver.
Although the prices in till* Department are
lower than charged by Stores and Furnishing
Ironmongers, the quality 1* immeasurably
sujierior.
OPOONS AND FORKS.—Trebly
° plated with pure Silver on the finest hard
white Nickel Silver. Socially recommended
for hard wear. Thousands of testimonials .re¬
ceived from customers who have thorough y
tested their durability and excellence, solid
Silver Spoons and Forks, 6s. 3d. per ounce.
TABLE CUTLERY.—with best
A double re Unci Shear Sled Blades uul flue
ESS
and Forks, Asparagus Servers, 1 art Severs,
A PPROBATION.— Selected
tfiMESESS
reference or deposit.
fimiNTRY CUSTOMERS have
C° t V,,,:,ul 1 this “™'‘“ London
SS£^-
ithfulness under where the-selec-
a member of the C 01 ”!*”*- " v ,. e iy upon
SSHf 5 a*.***
Selection were made.
TESTIMONIALS^The^nnmerons
-L recommendations fftyoU red b y
LSS/of’tit&ufuctura,
nLD PLATE taken in Exohang 0
O or Bought for Cash. _
M ED ALS.-A warded Seven^^^o,
SILVERSMITHS' COMPANY, 112,
sent - _
CATALOGUE POST-FREE.
SEPT. 29, 1888
NEW MUSIC.
pEPITA, at TOOLE'S THEATRE.
A Just, produced with enormous success, after
^ =s .™™.,., | a»Jas!!33Sts
l ,EP,Ti SSII»°, liE 0PE " i I
• Pci ? iMi , i 8 »bigiiucc^ 8 ;R^lpe..VloVaowi S h»f>hoapt,,nd.- I d hoCa - 0| *® n ^ tl. 8 V«,r. 0(1 Tn-•
lUVBTBATEL LONlWN NEWS
! G LASG0W International EXHIBI^T;---
Pianoforte ficore, 3s. net.
• • Pci»ita' isa big success; anil people who wish to hear tunc,
fill music, replete with humorous ami dramatic iff ct« «». Jiir
to visit Toole’s Theatre."—Standard. » ougl,t
TJEPITA WALTZ and LANCERS.
A Arranged hy BUCALOSSI. 2s.net.
TJEPITA QUADRILLE.
A ^Arranged hy CHARLES COOTB. 2
On—Her ' ’ fiL I K «CK. an .l A KT
Ireland to rtconaiid
The Rest 1
d’hote? bn'thinne^ldi^Sy:^^
| ~ ENE V~— ~__ IdAiwoxstKux, Propr.
1
New Bond-street.
pHAPPELL and CO.'S PIANOFORTES
\J HARMONIUMS, and AMERICAN ORGANS for ini.’
S U». or on tile Throe-tears’ Sjetcm. New or Secondhand. ’
YUIAPPELL and CO.’S IRON-F RAiyn ;p
OULIQUK PIANOFORTJSS, Manufuctiired .rpres.lv
lift™,'?llie'wonli ,r “"' 35 aul,,eM - Teslinmnlale from oil |
CHAPPELL and CO.’S STUDENTS' 1 M 0 N
V / ... Oct.. fr.un Id .. ’ I.,,.,. .
pHAPPELL and CO.’S NEW 7 ORGAN •
t i H r »™ ! ,.„ ,,0 ca,.c.«H. r ,, r . M11 ,.i! ;i~^
pLOUGH and WARREN’S CELEBRATED '
VI AMERICAN ORGANS. from 6 .
Prunmiuccl t.y the highest Judges to Uo s.ii«nor to all .• V . ’ r " 1
m quality of tone. IL L USTH AT KD LISTS lUi-fVeY V U ' m '
CiiAt TKi.t. and Co.. 5". New B md-sirci t and 15. Poultry, R.r. V., i
J^OVE'S GOLDEN^HREAm! LINDSAY '
T OVE’S GOLDEN DREAM (LINDSAY :
Iv I.KNNOVI. _ Tt,i« rllArmmu e-.mr s' N,V ,o u,5 ' ’ " ' I:
Sl’SF.TTA FUSS at COVENT - UAH DEN PIi im-vi.m n '" , " 1 -'' >•<’ " , ,
CONCERTS, and all her engagement* this sca«.i.i Wj? "• ’ • *» "f i-
‘""S, 1 " l-l'nlar; and will -
in<«»t prouano necoine a rure thin season. It ih .me ,,r n„. , 1
nrerty iiitlo m..r-eU of wt,u h .me lines not me in . i .'rl • i
S irtlunuptoiiAhire cniardian -I.oNi.ox Mim,- pr„ i , ‘" 1 ’ ' tn-
Co m PAX V (l.imue.ll jl, <lr. at .Mt rii„, r , ..cb -treer, W.' “ >U , V' 1
h] ^ A R DS’ PI AN OS. —Messrs. ERARD of
rV 'H.Jireat Marlliorough-street. London,and 13 Kueiln Vmi
P »ri«, M.ikers to her Majesty and the Priiice an. Pr,, 7
Wales. CAUTION the Public that Pianofortes are l.emg'sni‘,i
boariDg the name of “ Erartl ” which are not of their?..?,
failure. For information n» to autl.eriticity niu.lv n is
Mai lliorongli-8t., where uew Pianos enn be ohrainod from 5o^.
rnARDS’ PIANOS. — COTTAGES, f rom
30 guineas.
Sn ^r,,|ll 85
UK A mis, from m guineas.
lig giiSSB Sfa
^ L YuMnuTimf E ;„ c E ™ t< fi! s . and
ruo.ua Ok-*5(io
- _ Oaukeu EuV.uk, Proprietor.
HSSIWiSftaiwp:
the whole 1 “tvlnu’V K ji ,r80al above ..
v “if?--- ^ ^
r "i UK Medical A-Kcts " (Churchijf
HjO,gl| , „ K .
R L
%P5Mvwu=»SSS
" it.I.lAK M. OuutPGHAU. „ . „
Neci etary. **■ II kih.ky.
■--- General Manager.
I It Ll,L? E . rlw J, ? H I B I T I 0 x,
i-»ri tor,tor ” ,d West Kcu.iNKttm. ’
HIS -M.UESTv'rKiXtl iTALy,
HIS ROYAL HlfMvJil! n, . rr<,s " ,ent :
o^~^ Srn,yCE " ,TA, T -
,, J0U ‘ N n - WHITLEY. Kso
I _ Preaident ofth.,. Roceijtiun committee
t. T .3^pk. vr ^
!_
, N EXHIBITION
-tKNf A. APPI.IN, Secretary.
385
' passSSSSSagpKt^
ssss?ssassr
Ecu," Victoria .t l'A«Zm .^P,l, B t r ‘«^"^0;Buudur,
] >AltJS. r .SHORTEST, CHEAPEST ROUTF
Mon.. otii^^T- ^
Timsday, „ ■ 3 ,J ^ u * m> « so a.in. g
TUnrS?' ;; 4 ^ ” JO 40 " jo £ "
o " '? ;; J 7 ‘ JJ 12 iom‘tit.
in ‘ l "* 1| c , K ruesd:iy?Oct?V& 0 Ul11 contlnuw ninning uptoa'nd
J^Op.m.,and London
’lass, 2nd Class.
- Night Sernce)’ X?h 1 *'
m. and Rouen, splendid fast
a/hou®? l ' Vecn Is ' ewUa ' , ’»
J^OR full pa
•wbaven and Dieppe
I be run in the F-
■lorm and New ha
the Special
S. sro Time-Book. Tourist
'i .Stat',' , : 't Vic.ria.
n , t > ! following
.1 . I,c '•'■tallied : -U’oe[.
' if- l V’ a ' ,l,!v . »wid a. Or;,nd
ITALIA
. Adiiiieai. 11 in i
Founded, «sw { uanum, wtiT.
TVTCORE and MOORE.-Pianoa from lfil es
-L'A- to 108 ge. Organs from 7 gs. to wi gs • Tine*
System, from 109. fld. per Month, or Cash. Lim- ' e ‘' ears
lot and 105 . DibIh ijisgate-wuli 1 nLoiidi
Railway,!
■) T - 6 0THARD ,
..
"in Dsiend to Milan Hal'cioTv- .‘.’’'Fh-gmug Sleejiing-Car
.a ".Police ^-vSSJS''S[;
OF brazil
■uwau 1 (racing -K.in a,, : ,ho ->' e »r-rniiiid
Z h XLj*''W™k ?g<»od 8 summer
THE highlands
T- . RAX-ATORIL-Jf,
Her alike
by the n
church.
Inland, bracing, zSnfl
hern Temperate >
change of rcsid
11 England
JRISH EXHIBITION.
QLYMPIA, KENSINGTON
g„,u.TcA'UJl-it
I Ltceum-Th^atr^ITi^:
,n
» Ageno, Cornhill;
■_ ■ > '“ I K S ' ' rc,nr> General Manager.
Vu.. E ! ! m,.,, I ' MP l K,£I -\L HOTEL. - The
*■ ’<■'■ wiiii .1.- , u'-tnrf. Rtecllent sunarmn
i‘f'ato sitting:
I laths
• ji 1 line silting
u Range. Special Droit-
_ la migei' r s ‘ o J 1 ,'° r; “ e
1) tl(-H bulbs! ~
A NT - B00Z C Kd T S0r WEE8 '
»“ISSS|l HOLLAND.
A Jf.'uun^u'ru'i^"WtantM’tn rood
lnd I '.hip Bulbs and Plants and ^ V 0 , ^ ct,on of N «w,
tu..3.Cross-lane. London,R.c.
'f Agents. M EKTENS*a"
Ros-oitice"(Mr. .
11 in-1'
, Every Eu
mp. Terms, in*. 1
JOHN BROAD WOOD and S
gold jm®
GOLD, MEDAL SOCIETY
,vn "'R T KS for SALE at from w t, ;
PIANOFORTES for HIRE
SONS,
1885.
*30 k 11 mens.
W H ,f T V0 /« YOUR CREST and WHAT I ?!
0Dr.LSTo.vs i"n,i"c rnnC~ -""’ 1 ~
" i»is e *? l # r i , * e8 i , tmcedl The correct
pifiisuv ! Off
- - • 1 pwfi
net, »,’Vho b»‘" im™ imfiiimi.7X,KL
heraldic cob
’rest engrai o<I'fi
~ --seals and dies, kb s«l iif!,,J V !.i«,l V ndcd- Grest engrrn od on
T B. ckamer and co.. 2 „ 7 on(1 •■»■•
UI-M-A r.m^f V.^ i s-'i)7i <1 AKD , a’ranu? oi'un.Tcutfw"!,,','] I G UL BET0N'S GUINEA BOX f
S-lUftrc PIAN0F0UTK8 liml PIANETTE-t l.r i.i* ’ RTATIOXKIIT-. Rciim ,.r n L A . P 0 X of
makers, at exceptionally low prices- also cifn- V 1 1 Btri "'re«i with Cre-r ()r a.i.itaq. v ,ici ^ 1,1,1 5nn Envebo..K
Auu'nS S“" ce1, ",\" 1 C f"" et HRrm.m,„ni and 1 ITaV, 1 . 1 ' - *- , W.-«I ( 1,„k iSS •“VltJt'.’on'’carll" 1 ’ 7 wn . m "«
«•» mrnientJE. or 22 I Z L A?K SJJ'H !”-
H E „nn ( i v A J„i;,? r S„ YPT 1 A \ H ALL.—An
of ‘SRI-:.’ IIERCAT'S liii-r '*,1 Jl "' rac 't*‘t the Mystery
' ’•'" ' • I";;i i 'I. i.inge I,,. \i , . , , " ' *' = , ”« r » ' ■ ' ’ :• ■ I, ; Ins
Dig v.,e:tl Oil., I,. ..‘,1 , 7",'I't 'CK, -ill, | til- (| -11-1,1.
---~.d K -f • - .IONchm \.\.
.7
. vi'i,i,r,TON t .i
t. Martui'g-lanei
c H 0 c O L A T
Diam^ Pnrp nl , rT t fri!i‘ ,n . d q "?. ,lty ai,d ""'derate pneo of AMSTERDAM
and ilmwSiVieL ‘Pplication.-Uegent-Mreei, W , | EXHID1TION, jggs.
. Ten t.
dulling.
iLLfc
(IBS
iM.Newlhn.
T«l t V P A “ nF 0UTiAR^5iFl^
— Lll,rc ’ lp n tohu Daily. Onesliiflmg.
M E N I E U
Awa rdod
the
GRAND _ ..
---I_DIPLOMA OF HONOUR rilTri , VT _„.' ~-
as™-1
_ Aueiicy, iro. New Uoiid-Htroet. "W. __PcciJcm.
- nsK ' T Uaueoui). Secrctucr
tjOO SECOND-HAND PIANOS f n , site' I --- i-cncheox,, uj scprsR. v
I-i.is free. Vm.-kiffjfJ.'.'ilSySpm *"' 1
THOMAS OBTZMANX and CTL, w. iULKVm. L..u.l,.u «-
j^'-’ ftANOS; £16 PIANOS ; £ 18 PIANOS I
K-inu npidl^ ^.!w! P ‘jSoBrtLw S !i l i?Jnt S [, , , h0,e ’""
s "«feKSIC[S
of the
£ 2 l BR0ADW00D GRAND.—Full Grand
Pianoforte, suitutiio fora c|,„r„i «„ r i.7,. ™ : “ a
tssS&&&P^t>siiiih!5
E-Pi-'SIcu p neacnittivo Ljbu free of me
THOMASOKTZMA.YXandCa
(JHOCOLAT MENIER.
_Sold Evervwhei
tiHIRTS.—FORD’S EUREKA.
Gpnflei*uT , n C lr" Hf H ci ' f -' ct fitting ma.ie ''_n
. TRrZE MEDALS.
Cnnsiimptifiii .-mi,nr,]|.
eXCCl-ds L'fl.lWlO.IM) 11,.
Exhibition
■'“■iu'i lunri Hreeident.
J: ' v and popular""novels.
: r a , rnM ^ e Story. Br \Y. OLA RK”
>f The \\ reck of the droKVenor," *c. '
r lml'JI,}'!™*' lly '-KITH DKRWENT, '
THE HINDOO PENS,
^1 film ■ ■ ■ ■ "
_____ Nos. 1, 3, and 3,
-T H DIAGON AL POINTS
We commend them to theirlivimt name..fee, -
2347 Newspapers reoommend~these''pe n ns'
66. and Is. pcrBoj. SoM hT aU Statloncrs
MACNIVEN 7 CAMERON
WAVERLEY WORKS, EDINBURGH '
WORTH et CIE.,
artistes en corsets.
1 Till-: Y
the"/)
THK'/l'miE
SHIR 155 —FORD’S EUREKA^ SHIRTS.
( ) L I> fHIRTS Refronted. Wrist and Collar
Kne,t5* : i7,rc.'-", e n!;,'u-’, r ,h'- r i. R ,]' 1 ', c . r "’ r ' 7fl - Kxcra
. .. " u f- 37 . Baker-atr cel. London, w. I 7f_ CHrr,a E c l»id.—It. EOttU and coN>, Poi't/rj/Loml!;,]!"'
£ J P. E ^it^uram?^/E G, ” I n V l S ;T Th k e onl y FBANNEL SHIRTS
Sa-jggs g/t:.:: 7 ': ’"' ; ' ' *“ w “ K ’”-' ~ ‘ w
Sssssl!f='“”=" : “
Jjlr^iiWif - Molly Bawn,"
tlKCUMSTANCES. By HARRY
AH. By VERE CLAVERIXO.
London : HfittaT and Blackktt. Limited.
iw?7.dr K n-?" N - P i W «r«'AL WOItK.
' Pi ce <>J -Uj^luding Large Presentation
THI'i WORLD OF ADVENTURE Each
■ ' '.‘I-A I I HI-; (IF
LANDER. Svuk
-MOIH’RN DELILAH.
Part I., i
(’aknkm. and CompanV’i'l
I of fieri,
id yet
li. Ludgafe-hill. London
-ting
mfSV’o 1 o°^ii” rn ^ and
't as silk.t
U.FOI
M 17 GENTLEMEN’S' UNDER-
chest; Pants to nia'r ui?V) 1 n! v, l, ". Er .." C iM l ‘? t .°. 4 ’ s inches
tiie Imlf-doz'
I Maki
- ; Half-ili
-‘c from the Sole
1^’wJJ XE S and G°-’ S PIANOS ANI)
SlHkor^; fro !u 44 ^ u/no:! V\TpS
M); pure has crof J i„I?i lway retl,rn f » p c will|!irefi nr ed n
THE “PAttKEn- UMBRELLA (IlKOISTKUKW.
PATBOXISEI) BY ROYALTY.
i°“ S 5* UMBRELLAS, 2e. fid. each, direct
ttilh p VH K f t"’i l i I f M 1 ' 1 " r ’T-, r "V'r' ° r '’'“"I nr T«,ll
k. ‘Uthtiih Hollow ribbed frames; beautifully carved
"iinted sticks. Parcel V
- Hold in twelve ill..n ’
fivering, &c.. neatly
B rown & poisoN-s
-- ,s A "'ouLn-wriiE necessary.'*’
B R0Wn & pOLSON’8 r<oitx |7 loi;b
___ por the nur sery. r
pROWX Sc pOLSON’S ("^OrFItloUR
Brown & poLsoN-s yxorn i^lour
•-. yoit Tnr; bick-hoom. ■*-
Hroi .'m Cl ■»sc . fill cm
(JOCKLE’S
Ij i st °rii ifl^ Te j r i " F ‘‘ raG ' 11 ' -
—J. B. PARKER, UuibreMa
COLVeTmystfrtFJ': 'T f’V-.’ I on wZtoT’’ "“' iU “ rS nna Fo,
k » / 1 7„7?,' N I _ 134 ’ NEW FOND-STREET. LONDON, W.
TrarkSl*• ” U " th Kfiitk *ii>. and ’'Traced'™'' “
Jam
imit a i
blit o|
Edition). -
•already been
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*i1d,i-Klu'.VvvofS,.;,u t au' i ^
London: Ki.mpkin, Makbiiai.i. and
Kdinburgh ; Mknzikn and Co.
Now ready, at- all Libraries, l vol crown nvo Rs,
London. Spexi eh Blackett. 35, fit. Bride-street,E.C.
ROBINSON and CLEAVER S
CAMBRIC POCKET
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piLLS.
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___ FOB LI
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^ WITHOUT CCTTINB,
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INDIGESTION : ITS CAUSES AND CURE
^ By JOHN II. CLARKE, M.D.
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Now ready,
I 'PHE ILLUSTRATED PENNY ALMANACK
i lKw9, Gonraining Numerous Engravings from the
I r.r.rsTUATKD London Nkwh ; Tables of Stamps, iSte? and
enscs: Eclipses, Reniarkuhle Events. Post-OfTIce Rnru.
m ’-rh.V ip£ r .m t -J!? n r ,y . 0 . f l ’ r ! c ^.' 1 au ' 1 interesting inform.
»n. I ho Trade su iplied by G. Vickrrh Anscl-cnurr / 1-»)
t —I n . A V ■ 11 . t- : <j|d Utility, LuitUou. '
and
QOCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS
FOR INDI
r I'IIE MATRIMONIAL HERALD
X EASB'ONABLE MARRIAGE GAZETTE lit the o
FOR INDIGESTION.
COCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS
HOIt hea
_POIt HEARTBURN.
’“►sagBssaggs i
I The | 'Vr.L i"trodllClfiinS.
Ilii argi>t and most successful Marnmonial Agencvint-lif
,- 1 r, lcc ^ 3,1: . in envelope, -ijd. Address, Ennoni
4U, Lamb s Conduit-street, Loudon, W.C. •
TTALUABLE DISCOVERY for the HAIR.
, rnwr hair i* turning grey, or white, or falling «,fr ;
restore m every ScGrJy or WhdeHair to its originaTcolmir’
without leaving the disagreeable sine! I of most “ Restorers '*
/h !'L n r k AVi Je i',I r c J inrmiDScIy Beautiful,as well as promoOrg
S 8 iKS,d lf r fie talr nn bald snots, where the glands are
not deenjed. The Mexican Jtnir Bcnewer’’ Is sold by
Chemists and Perfumers every where, at 3s. 6d. per ffottlc. *
Is the most perfect Emollient HUE for
PRESERVING AND BEAUTIFYING
THE SKIN EVER PRODUCED.
It soon remiere it Soft, Smooth, nnd White : entirely
removes and prevents all
ROUGHNESS, REDNESS, SUNBURN, TAN, lc„
and preserves the skis from the effects of the
SUN, WIND, or HARD WATER
more effectually than any other preparation.
No Lady who values her comple.vlnu should over bo
without it, as It is Invaluable at all Seasons for kecDine
the SKIN SOFT and BLOOMING P 8
BEWARE OF INJURIOUS IMITATIONS.
"BEETHAM" ia tlie only genuine.
Bottles, Is. and Zs. 6d„ of all Chemists.
Free for 3d. extra by the Sole Makers
M. BEETHAM and SON,
CHEMISTS, CHELTENHAM.
386
the illustrated London news
SEPT. 20, 1888
SPINNEY.
A HE lads and lasses come
here in the summer
evenings to tell that old,
i old tale which is ever
J new; bat there ore
~ ' v / * many hours in the day,
- ind many days in the
' year, when the spinney
is as absolute a solitude
as Candide himself
- -could have desired.
There are noble
old oaks about it,
and some Btately
beeches, contrasted
by the lithe grace¬
fulness of thesilver
birch ; and the paths wind through thick, clustering brambles,
where the blackberries arc ripening as fast as premature fingers
will permit ; and you may find some clumps of bracken which
already begin to show the influence of the coming Autumn.
From a rising ground on the north yon look down into a deep
valley, lined with lawny slopes, and freely sprinkled with
time-old trees—trees of patrician bearing, not like the young
upstarts which flaunt about our suburban gardens and
avenues—trees strong in the strength of years, and throwing
out their lusty branches with a fine air of freedom and
independence, and maintaining an erectness of stature which
speaks of the vigour of maturity. At the bottom of the valley
neitles a tiny lake, or pool, which at one end reflects the
snadovs of a portion of the wood, but elsewhere lies open to
the siriles of Heaven, and on clear, bright days does its best to
absorb as much of the sunshine and the azure as its limited
compass will hold. Some pleasant-looking mansions are scat¬
tered up and down the sides of the valley ; not so many as
to detract from its picturesqueness of aspect, and yet in
sufficient number to invest the scene with a certain homeliness
of character ; while, in one direction, a tall spire lifts itself
above a group of environing trees, fixing the eye as a land¬
mark. On the eastern horizon looms a vast cloud, which
indicates the neighbourhood of a mighty city ; and sometimes,
when the wind disperses it for a while, you get glimpses of
towers and roofs and domes, and the sun strikes upon surfaces
which reflect its rays with power ; and farther south, on a
wooded ridge, rise towers and arches of glass, belonging, one
might think, to some fabric of magical creation. The inter¬
vening space, broken by gentle undulations, is filled in with
masses of foliage and colonies of houses, to which the distance
happily lends a softened outline and subdued colouring ; and
church towers and spires are dotted here, there, and every¬
where, for without them no English landscape—to use the
phrase of the auctioneer—would be complete.
From all these signs and evidences of multitudinous life we
return into the solitariness of the spinney. We cannot wholly
shut out the neighbouring world, it is true, for the swift,
sudden rush of passing trains breaks constantly upon the ear ;
but I am not sure that this is not one of the greatest charms of
the spot—that it is so near to, and yet in a sense so far from,
the sweeping currents of everyday activity. The scream of
the engine does not silence the modest song of the chiffchaff,
or the sweeter strain of the linnet; and butterflies whisk to and
fro, and bees buzz about among the briers ; though you may
hear now and again the chink of the bricklayers trowel from
some new bniUlings in the road below. I think the solitude
that is most precious, and certainly most "W* 1 ! 1 ®’o'
solitude that lies just outside the hum of men—the solitude that
we can abandon at a moment s notice—tbe solitude that is relieved
by echoes of near-at-hand humanity. T here we are alone, and
yet not alone ; we enjoy the pleasures of solitude, ami escape
its pains. In this unfrequented spinney I am as much lord of
all 1 survey as was Alexander Selkirk on his lone island in the
pathless wilds of the Pacific; bnt, more fortunate than he I am
Iiotoppressod by the terrors of solitnde, because in a half-a-dozen
minutes lean happily restore myself to social life and com-
pan ’!°he music of the birds now grows feebler every day. The
fullness and freshness of the spring, the ripeness and strength
of the summer, are gone. A robin has perched on a bough of
vonder chestnut, and sits and watches me with black bemly
eves, bnt is ns silent as the maiden in the fairy tale before the
prince appeared who woke her into life and speech. A black-
bird creeps through yonder tangle of bush and briar ; but ho,
too, reposes on his past fame as a sweet singer. The chaffinches
still call to one another, though their time of silence is fast
approaching; and snatches of a thrush’s song drop through the
air like golden Bpray : but, compared with its 11 consort" of
happy voices in the vernal dawns and noons, the spinney is
now as hashed and still as the poet’s “ banquet-hall deserted,”
when the lights are fled and the garlands dead, and the merry¬
makers make merry in it no more. Oh ! for the joyous days of
Jane, when the blackbirds piped high up among the green
branches of the oak, which are now so loaded with acorns;
and the tit built her nest and warbled in the blackthorn ; and
the mavis carolled in the leafy ash; and the willow-wren sang
his dainty song amid the leafy coverts ; and all the spinney re¬
sounded with the various melodies, which crossed and recrossed
one another like the eddies of a stream—or the different parts
of a fugue by some great master—until the separate strains
gradually melted into one another, and formed a continuous
flood of harmony.
The birds are going, and so are the flowers. The children,
in the chill autumnal days, are hard put to it to make np their
posies. A few delicate blue-bells are left to us, and the
yellow petals of the crowfoot have not wholly vanished;
golden elecampane still grows freely, and the purple heath
spreads in glorious patches over the common. There are
happy hedges where the late honeysuckle flowers, and snnny
fields are yellow with the rag-wort, and tnfts of golden broom
line the steep banks in far-away lanes ; but here, in the
spinney, we have no such old familiar faces. Though as yet
the foliage of oak and chestnut and birch has but just felt the
touch of Autumn’s Angers, the flowers have passed away with
the warm noons and the early sunshine ; and the children, if
they find their way into the spinney, must be content with
blackberrying or acorn-gathering to exhaust their exuberant
activity. Or they may gather the arrow-shaped bryony-leaves,
and twist them into a wreath which even Beauty might be
proud to wear ; and the tall yellow fronds of the brake-fern,
or the feathery grasses which are now so plentiful, shall help
them in their pretty pastimes.
Yes ; the wild flowers have faded out of the spinney, and
are dying in the hedge-rows ; the grass on the leas has lost its
look of freshness; a few leaves have begun to drop on the
outskirts of the wood. The ivy flutters on the wall; the rich
pears tumble from tbe bending bongh; the twittering
swallows are making ready for their flight to warmer lands;
and while we are still waiting for the summer that this year
has cheated ns so sorely, the presence of the antumn is oomtng
fast upon us. We see its burning touch on the green leafage,
which it covers with tiny spots of yellow, and will soon
kindle into a thousand rare magical tints and shades ; we feel
its breath in the chill airs that blow at early morn and again
as day draws in ; we know that it folds itself round with the
dense mists that gather now over valley and meadow, and
steal np the hills almost to their snmmit. All the sights and
sounds of the country warn us September is swiftly gliding
by, as that the antumn will soon assert its power of decay in
lane and field, in garden and orchard, among the pastnres,
and—in the spinney. _ W. D.-A.
Lord and Lady Londonderry opened on Sept. 25 a new
wing and hospital wards at the Meath Hospital and County
Dublin Infirmary, which were built with money bequeathed
by two gentlemen named Barber and Bnry.
Harvest home was celebrated on Sept. 25 at the Philan¬
thropic Society’s Farm School, Kcdhill. The society is a
hundred years old this year, and claims to have been the first
to deal with juvenile crime in a hopeful, systematic way.
Ludgate-hill is again attractive with a display of Civic
pnrple and fine linen, for Messrs. Samuel Brothers are again
exhibiting gorgeous costumes, this time for the retainers of
Mr. Alderman Gray, Sheriff-elect.
An Exhibition of Pictures was opened on Sept. 24 in the
Wolverhampton Art Gallery by the Mayor. The loans include
one of Landseer's works, sent by the Queen, from Buckingham
Palace, and exhibits from the Xational and Liverpool and
Manchester Corporation Galleries.
The Walsall Science and Art Institute was opened on
Sept. 24 by the borough member, Sir Charles Forster, Bart.,
amid great rejoicings. The Earl of Bradford gave the site,
and the cost of the structure (£5500) has been met by the aid
of Government grants, amounting to abont £1300.
The council of the National Rifle Association met on
Sept. 25 to consider the relative merits of the Berkshire and
Cannock Chase sites for the new Wimbledon. It was resolved
to defer a decision on the question, to give further time for
inquiry as to obtaining a site nearer the metropolis, and to ask
the Government to assist the Association in the matter.
A meeting of the City Commission of Sew ers was held at
Guildhall on Sept. 25, Mr. H. Pannell presiding. A letter waB
read from the City Architect, stating that the whole of the
property on the east side of Duke-street, Aldgate, had been
rebnilt to the new line of frontage, and that the Commissioners
might therefore take possession of the ground between the
old and new line of frontage, for the purpose of widening and
repairing it. The finanoe committee recommended that this
should be done, and the court agreed accordingly.
The Registrar-General reports that 2483 births and 1298
deaths were registered in London during the week ending
Sept. 22. Allowing for increase of population, the births
were 248. and the deaths 109, below the overage numbers in
the corresponding weeks of the last ten years. The deaths
included 32 from measles, 20 from scarlet fever, 24 from
diphtheria, 22 from whooping-cough, 11 from enteric fever,
78 from diarrhoea and dysentery, and 4 from cholera and
choleraic diarrhoea. The deaths referred to diseases of the
respiratory organs, which had been 130, 148, and 184 in the
three preceding weeks, declined to 179, being 21 below the cor¬
rected average. Different forms of violence caused B9 deaths.
In Greater London 3247 births and 1829 deaths were registered.
MAPLE’S FURNISHING STORES are
— the largest in the world, and one of the Fights of
London. Acres of show-rooms. The highest class of furni¬
ture, carpet*, and curtain materials. Novelties every day
from all parts of the globe. Haifa century’s reputation,
MAPLE and CO., Timber Merchants and
direct importers of the finest Woods, Manufacturers
of Dining-Room and other Furniture by steam power and
Improved machinery. Tottenham-court-road. Factories:
Beaumont - place. Euston-road ; Southampton - buildings ;
Llverpool-road; Park-street, Islington; <fcc.
.E CENT’S EASY CHAIR,
ii Persian design and colourings, mounted
on velvet, £5 10s.
SUITES.
MAPLE and CO., Manufacturers of
DINING-BOOM FURNITURE. The largest Assort¬
ment to clHKise from, os well as the best jxis-sible value.
Three inure honscs have Just been added to this important
department. Half a century's reputation.
MAPLE and CO.’S NEW SPECIMEN
DINING-ROOMS,decorated and fully appointed with
furniture In pollard oak, brown oak, Chippendale mahogany,
nstlijne curved oak, American walnut, and other wood*, are
now open to the public, and should be seen by all Intending
purcha-wa.
'THESE ROOMS are not only helpfal as
showing the effect of the furniture when arranged in an
apartment, but also most suggestive as regards decorative
treatment, as well os a guide to the entire cost of furnishing
In any selected style.
MAPLE L CO
TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD, LONDON, W.
THK LARGEST AND MOOT CONVENIENT
FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENT
IN THE WORLD.
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
Appointment to her Majesty the Queen. The Bystem
of business Is ns established fifty years ago— nnmely, small
profit* on large returns for net cash. Acres of show-rooms
for the display of first-class manufactured furniture.
M APLE ; S
JNDIAN CARPETS.
TNDIAN CARPETS AT
* IMPORTERS* PRICES.—MAPLE and CO. receive
all the Finest Qualities of INDIAN CARPETS direct
from their Agents, and sell them at Importers’ Prices,
thus saving “buyers of Indian Carpoia at least two
TURKEY CARPETS.
A TURKEY CARPET is, above
»I1 other*, the most mutable tor the Dining-rocm,
-...-•- -■* —■- w -uhe eff'jT'-
^ „ , T ui * key carpets at
MAPLE and CO. have also a great A importers' prices, m.um.k »n.i co. »re not
A number of really flue Indian Oarj-eta, measuring only the Largest Importers of TURKEY CARPETS,
about n ft. by »ft., which they are .. Bering at tin* low hut .having a Branch House at Smyrna, with Agency at
THE SEVILLE SUITE IN
exercise close supervision over the whole proc
manufacture which is the only way that excelle
colouring and workmanship can be guaranteed. I„ .
way, Maple ami Co. save Turkey Carpel buyers at least
two intermediate profits.
flJAPLE and CO.-PARQUETERIE
MAPLE and CO.-PARQUETERIE
■**** FLOORING for Dining, Billiard, or Smoking
Rooms; also for Ball-rooms, Public Halls, Vestibule*, as
well aa for surrounds to central carpets. Maple and Co.
are now allowing all the New Designs and Combinations
of Wood at Greatly Reduced Prices.
SADDLEBAGS AND .VELVET.
THE SEVILLE LADY’S EASY CHAIR,
In Saddlebags of rich Persian design and colourings, mounted
on velvet, £3 15b.
DINING-ROOM FURNITURE.
MAPLE and CO. devote special attention
* to Ml' j»roDiction of hlgh-cla** DINING-ROOM
Ft’RNITl*M2 that will .-fiord permanent witlsfactlnn in
wear. The numerous recommendations with which Messrs.
Af.iplc an l To. have been favoured by cu-tomem who have
used the furniture for years is a pleasing testimony to the
excellence of the articles.
MAPLE and CO.-DINING-ROOM
M srfTKN.—The LICHFIELD SUITE. In solid oak.
walnut, or mahogany, consisting of six small and two elbow
chain* In lent her, dining table with patent screw, also Early
English tdlebiar.l with plate glass back; and fitted with
ceilirct, 1G gnlncm.
MAPLE and CO.-DINING-ROOM
“ SUITES. -Tho STAFFORD SUITE, comprising six
Wtnll chairs, I wo easy chairs fn leather, tclescniw 'lining
fable, sideboard with plate glass hock and ccllnrot, and dinner
waggon. In light nr dark oak, walnut or ash ; \ l: ry substantial
In character: 23 guineas.
JUJRNITURE FOR EXPORTATION.
VISITORS as well as MERCHANTS are
V INVITED to INSPECT the larged FURBISHING
ESTABLISHMENT In the world. Hundreds of Thousands
of Pound*’ worth of Furniture, Bedstead?, Carpets, Curtain?,
6c., all ready for immediate shipment. Having largo space, all
mod* are necked on the nremlses bv exnerlencod rackers —
o insure
THE SEVILLE SETTEE, Persian Design and Coverings, mounted on velvet, £7 10s.
MAPLE and OO., Upholsterers by TTUNDREDS of THOUSANDS of
Special Appointment to Her Majesty the Queen. POUNDS' WORTH of Manufactured GOODS
regulation on»lf a century. Factories: neauiiiom- ready f«ir immediate deli"““" *
MAPLE & CO., London, Paris, Smyrna, & 134, Calle Florida, Buenos Ayres.
THE SEVILLE
In Saddlebags of rich
BED-ROOM
500 IN STOCK.
MAPLE and CO-BED-ROOM SUITES.
The WHITBY SUITE, In solid aah or walnut,
consisting of wardrobe with plate-glass door, toilet table
with gloss affixed, waahslnnd with marble top and till back,
jsjrteatal cupboard, and three chairs, £10 16s. Illustration
MAPLE and OO.—BED-ROOM SUITES.
XX The SCARBOROUGH SUITE. In solid ash or walnut.
Including wardrobe with platc-glats doors, and new-shaped
washstand. £12 15s.; or, with ljedstc.nl and spring bedding,
£17 10s. Designs and full particulars free.
JjJAPLE and CO.-BEDSTEADS.
MAPLE and CO. have seldom less than
Ten Thousand BEDSTEADS in stock, comprising
gome 800 various patterns, In sizes from 2 ft. 6 in. to b J t. 6 In.
wide, ready for immediate delivery-on the day of purchase,
if desired. The disappointment and delay incident ttvchoosing
from designs only, where but a limited stock Is kept. Is thus
POSTAL ORDER DEPARTMENT.
A Messrs. MAPLE and CO. beg respectfully to state that
this department is now so organised that they are fu ~y pre¬
pared to execute and supply any article that oanwmnn ja
required in Furnishing, at the same pnee. If not lass, than
any other house in England. Patterns Bent and quotation*
given free of charge.
SEPT. 29. 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
387
Van Houten’S
PURE
Soluble
Cocoa
BEST iN »
GOES FARTHEST.
easily digested,—made instantly.
LANCET. —" Delicate aroma.”— “ PURE and unmixed.”
BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. — “It is admirable.”
“Flavour is perfect” and “so PURE.”
HEALTH.-' PURITY is beyond question."
“ONCE USED, ALWAYS USED.”
o. J. VAN HOUTEN & ZOON, WEESP, HOLLAND.
BENHAM & SONS
CHIMNEY-PIECES, STOVES, TILES,
COOKING APPARATUS, KITCHENERS,
LAUNDRIES, LIFTS, ENGINEERING,
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, ELECTRIC BELLS,
WIGMORE-STREET, LONDON.
PERMIAN PLANISHED
POINTED PENS.
make thei
k irf P the... ..
If.B.—The IjmIIm* Pattern, So. 1203, price 1».
per Box of Ton Down.
Price Is. per Bos, or 3s. per Gross.
SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS.
WHOLESALE: HOLBORN VIADUCT, LDKDON.
IMPORTANT TO Mi LEAVING HOME FOR A CHANGE.
“Among the most useful medicines that have been introduced within the last century is ENOS
4 FRUIT SALT.' There is no doubt that where it has been taken in the earliest stage of a disease,
it has, in many instances, prevented what would otherwise have been a severe illness. The effect of
ENO’S ‘ FRUIT SALT’ upon a disordered and feverish condition of the system is marvellous. As
a nursery medicine the * FRUIT SALT' is invaluable; instead of children disliking it, they look
upon it rather in the light of a luxury. As a gentle aperient and a corrective in cases of any sort of
over-indulgence in eating or drinking, ENO’S ‘ FRUIT SALT’ is all that is needful to restore
freshness and vigour. In cases of Nervous Headache and Debility it is especially useful, and should he
taken in all cases where persons suffer from a sluggish condition of the Liver .”—Young Lady's Journal.
PREPARED ONLY AT ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT” WORKS, LONDON, S.E.,
BY J. C. ENOS PATENT.
Butler s Musical Instruments
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
Violins.
Violoncellos.
Guitars.
Banj os.
Harmoniums.
Pianos.
Cor n ots.
\ Band Instruments.
Musical Boxes.
Plutes.
Concertinas.
Brums.
Melodious.
G. BUTLER,
r 29, HAYMARKET, LONDON.
Illustrated Price-List (Sixty Pages) post-free.
MADE WITH BOILING WATER.
EPPS’S
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
COCOA
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
‘‘O’CONNELL” MONUMENT WHISKY (IRISH).
“WALLACE” MONUMENT WHISKY (SCOTCH).
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TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW
:V.i(t
OUH NOTE BOOK,
BY JAMES PAYN.
The life of any man. as it was really lived, would, it has been
well said, be the most interesting reading in the world; it
would, perhaps, not be “ family reading ” ; I can fancy, in
some cases (Though not, I trust, in my own), that there might
be a thought, just here and there, which would be hetter
relegated to an appendix than published in the body of the
work. And. next 10 an autobiography of this class, it now
appears that a Diary is the most popular of publications. It
is supposed that this form of literature is composed every
night, with the same regularity (or jierhaps even greater)
with which the author says his prayers ; that nothing of con¬
sequence is omitted, and nothing set down in malice: and
that the fact of the graces of composition being absent is
itself an evidence of the genuineness of the work. I have
known some eminent diarists whose observations have been
recorded in volumes with a locked clasp, and which have
strained the curiosity of their families to the uttermost, but
without exciting mine. I have noticed them at their dreadful
trade, and made a “mem." myself of how the thing is done ;
and the method does not inspire confidence. In the first place,
they are all tired of the business. Having been at it so long, and
boasted of it to others (•* This minute and trustworthy record of
events extending over a period of fifty years, Sir, cannot but
have its value when I shall have passed away," Ac.), they
don't like to give it up ; but the enthusiasm with which they
first set about it, and bought the books and ruled the lines,
has passed away. Of course, they no more expected
any immediate return for their labours than one does
from planting an oak; but the oak can grow of itself
and the diary can't; they find the continual ministration
to its wants intolerable, and then they don't continue them.
Xo ; there are immense intervals, after which they write it up
to date. I've seen them at it. I know by the expression of
their faces as they chew the top of their pen all their little
difficulties. “ Was it Tuesday or Friday !- Hanged if I can
remember I And was it Jack or the Bishop who told the story
about the girl and the seraphine : it sounds like Jack, but
then what does he know about seraphines ! Was it a seraphine,
by-the-by, ora seraphim. 1 or, by Jingo, wasn't it, after all,
a semaphore.’ That's the worst of not putting things down
at once." But it’s not the worst; there are often half-a-
ilozen blank days, and every one of these has to be filled up
with occurrences—by the imagination. Whenever I see a
diary produced in a Court of Law I feci the same sense of
incredulity as when an expert in handwriting (or, indeed, in
anything else) is ushered into the witness-box. It is no
wonder that History has such a bad name, when we remember
that she is the natural offspring of Diaries.
A new argument against an undue prolongation of our
days comes from that “ bruve," hut, as it would seem from the
context, slightly impolite country, “ little Wales." There is
living, near Swansea, a lady who has contrived to reach, even
under our unimproved conditions of existence, the respectable
age of 108 (she is “ ill receipt of parish relief,” but that is an
accident which seems to happen to nine centenarians out of
ten). “ She can distinguish vessels, easily, four or five miles
out to sea." If she can do this, she must, in her youth, have
been nearsighted, and establishes n statement made by oculists
that as near-sighted people grow older their sight improves ;
it has not done so in my case, but I now perceive that I have
only to wait long enough. At 113 this lady will he, doubt¬
less, able to read the vessels' names, and exchange signals with
them with her pocket-handkerchief. So far the advocates of
longevity can boast of their example ; but she has a daughter,
a young creature of 87. who comes to see her at the work-
lionse, doubtless (being Welsh) in a hat even taller than
those in the modern fashion. A fellow-countryman of hers,
we are told, met this maiden the other day. and asked her (as
in the ballads) whither she was going. “ I am going to see
my mother, Sir,” she said (“ Sir, she said," probably repeated).
“ Oh, yes, I dare say," replied the rude Welshman : “ a likely
story. You with a mother olive yah! ” and so on. If this is
the sort of treatment which our daughters, in the flower of
their age, are likely to meet with, until people get used to our
being centenarians, it certainly seems another reason why we
should remain as we are.
I am sorry to see that even a cyclist now and then gets into
trouble. The advocates of this admirable form of exercise would
fain persuade us that its effect is so wholesome as to render
any curvature in the path of rectitude impossible; but Black
Care finds room to sit even behind the bicycle. The last
peccadillo committed by a disciple of the wheel was humorous,
but had the drawback of being at the expense of one of his own
profession. Hawks should not pick out hawks' ceil. Scene: a
desolate moor with rainfall. Jinimati* prrmnrr: champion
cyclist, riding priceless two-wheeled steed (with money on it)
from London to York; and Samaritan sitting on mile stone. A
screw gets loose, and cyclist falls; all, he thinks, is lost
(including his bets and honour), when Samaritan comes to the
rescue. He “ knows something of bicycles," he says, and has a
miniature screw-driver in his pocket. He mends what is amiss
and mounts the machine “ just to see if it is all right." Alas,
he “mounts and rides away " at lit) miles an hour—the full
velocity of the machine. In answer to the wild despairing
cry for restitution, lie shrieks back either " I will see you at
York " or “ I will see you at York finf ~—the victim is not sure
which, and I am afraid it does not much matter.
I have not yet been tosoc“The Spanish Armada'—lam told
an admirable spectacle—at Prury-Lane, tint one of the adver¬
tisements of it is very attractive. It informs ns that the
Inquisition ‘existed more as a State tribunal than an eccles¬
iastical court," and that “ Pontiff after Pontiff " issued several
balls protesting against it. They were, however, only Spanish
bolls, issued not in mercy to heretics, but in jealousy of the
Crown, who claimed to appoint the inquisitors. “ Pontiff after
Pontiff"—beginning with one misnamed ••Innocent," whosetin
motion the holy office against the unhappy Albigenses—
approved and consecrated it. What is the use of attempting
to whitewash the wickedness of the Post by seven-and-six-
penny advertisements in the daily papers ? Twenty years ago
or so, on the occasion of representing the Massacre of fit.
Bartholomew upon the stage, it was similarly stated that the
Pope of the period had exceedingly disapproved of the event,
and only struck a medal to commemorate it from esthetic
motives or for fun. Who is so foolish as to be imposed upon
by this sort of rubbish Of course it was not the Catholics
only who, nnder pretence of religion and doing good to those
who differed from them, indulged themselves in these
ferocities. Calvin did not burn Servetns—as a schoolboy puts
his dormouse too near the fire—in a well-meaning attempt to
do him good. Cruel natures infuriated by opposition have
shown themselves the same in all ages, and in all creeds.
Why should we seek apologies for the ruffianism of the Past
because it hypocritically wore the garb of religion And,
above all. whom are they supposed to please ■ It was gravely
asserted during the late tercentenary of the Armada, that our
Court had communicated with that of Spain to disclaim any
intention of wounding her national susceptibilities; but these
daily apologies to Sextus XIV. (obit 1184) for a stage scene at
Drury-Lane in 1888 are much more humorous. They have
ceased now ; but again I ask, Whom terre they meant to
please.'
The teetotallers are very strong in storiqs ; where the
apostles of other sects preach sermons, they tell anecdotes—all,
of course, proving the ruin that comes from touching so much
as a drop of brandy, and the “ bitters ” that always accompany
a glass of sherry even thongh you have not ordered them.
Here are a couple of temperance stories which, I believe, are
as new as stories can reasonably be expected to be. A certain
Canon, warm and something more for “ the cause," was almost
driven out of his mind this summer by watching the calm
enjoyment with which a strange divine in the coffee-room of
his hotel was getting through his bottle of port. It would
have been horrible in a layman, but that one of his own cloth
should thus deliberately poison himself, and with such evident
contentment, was intolerable. If it had been a pint bottle he
could have stood it, but it was a quart bottle, and the way the
man held his glass up to the candle to see whether the wine
was - moving itself aright," brought the Canon's righteous
indignation up to boiling-point. At last he could not stand it,
or rather sit it out. any longer. He was a kindly-hearted man,
and perhaps did not altogether despair of the poor fellow's
future ; or, perhaps, he wished to express a somewhat “ larger
hope " than expectation warranted ; hut, at all events, point¬
ing to the bine ribbon at liis bntton-liole, he exclaimed, " Ah,
Sir, you 11 lie one of us yet" " Xot a hit of it," was the curt
(and wholly unexpected) rejoinder ; “ never was drunk in my
life, Sir!" _
A friend of mine was asked to dinner the other day by an
excellent fellow, who was not only a teetotaller, bat enjoyed a
still higher moral position as a vegetarian. My friend accepted
the invitation with some alarm, but he was a man who recog¬
nised virtue in everybody, anil cared little for creature comforts.
Unlike some persons of his strong opinions the other recol¬
lected that he was a host first and a vegetarian afterwards,
and had provided fleslimeat for his guest. It was not good
meat; in fact, it was exceedingly bail, hut it was meat, and
my friend was thankful for it. “ I have some wine, too,"
observed tjie host, graciously; “ foreign wine." My friend did
not much like that word “ foreign, which he had hoped would
have been superfluous, but he expressed his satisfaction that
his own weakness for a glass had been thus consulted. Then
he tasted it—took, in fact, a good gulp at it. “ It was never
fermented," observed the host boastfully. “Then, begad, Sir,
it's been fermenting ever since," exclaimed my unfortunate
friend, and he is not well yrr.
It is difficult for those who are wine-drinkers to understand
the views of their friends as to liquor. Long before the
teetotal days an instance of this was chronicled by Barham (I
think, in his “Life of Hook"). A man who liked his glass was
accustomed at long intervals to visit a friend who was a
water-drinker ; on one occasion a very fine bottle of port was
produced for him, on which he pronounced a due eulogium.
A year after, he called again, but was treated very differently ;
the wine set before him was so vile indeed that he complained
of it. “Now, that only Bhows," exclaimed his host triumphantly,
"what affectation there is in you wine-drinkers. Twelve
months ago you praised the wine I gave you, and now yon
abuse it: yet, as it happens—for I know no topers but your¬
self—it s the very same identical bottle that I opened for you
when you were here last."
A gentleman has written from Ojee—which is not a post
town, but a hitherto unknown island in the South Seas—to tell
his friends that he is there with only two companions—ship¬
wrecked like himself in 1858—and badly off for clothing. The
letter was composed four years ago, ready to be sent should
opportunity offer, so that by this time he must be still more
nnfashionably attired. It is asked, not without reason, why
he didn't come home himself by the whaler that brought his
letter ; but the fact is when you have been a “ castaway " for
thirty years the profession “grows upon you." It is not
generally known that when Alexander Selkirk returned
home alter his prolonged residence in Jnan Fernandez he
found the excitement and dissipation of Largo much too
much for him. After that touching recognition by his mother
in church (at which he appeared in gold lace) he seems to
have soon got tired of the sensation his arrival created. So far
as the charms of his society were concerned, he might just, as
well never have come home, for his friends saw nothing of
him ; lie went out early in the morning, with provisions for
r s
the day. and picnicked, all by himself, in desolate spots;
and in the evening went straight to bed without so much as
saying “ Good night" to .anybody. His chief amusement was
the teaching a couple of cats to dance. He constructed a cave
in his fathers garden where he used to sit looking out to sea
and ejaculating “ What a fool I was to have come back to
Largo ; I wish I was on my island again,” till his friends
began to wish it too. He was not, however, quite so “insular”
as he appeared, for one fine day he eloped with a young
woman, “ leaving his sea-chest and clothes behind him ” ; and
twelve years afterwards another young person, purporting to
be his widow, appeared at Largo, claimed them and “ad¬
ministered to his estate.”
TIIE COURT.
Her Majesty, who is still at Balmoral, in good health, takes
walks and drives nearly every day. The Princess of Wales,
with Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud, and Prince Albert
Victor of Wales, who arrived at Abergeldic oil Sept. 27, visited
the Queen in the afternoon. The Marquis of Ilartington and
Earl Cadogan had the honour of dining with the Queen
and the Royal family. In the afternoon of the 2Mh her
Majesty drove with Princess Alice of Hesse to Abergeldic,
and visited the Princess of Wales. Prince Henry of Bat¬
ten berg, attended by Colonel Clarke, went to Invercauld
and joined Sir Algernon Borthwick in a grouse-drive.
Madame Albani Gye had the honour of singing before the
Queen and the Royal family on the 29th; the Duchess of
Albany and Princess Frederica were present. Prince Henry
of Battenberg joined Prince Albert Victor of Wales at Glen
Muick in a drive which Mr. Mackenzie had for black game.
Divine service was performed at Balmoral Castle on Sunday
morning, the 30th, in the presence of the Queen, the Royal
family, and the Royal household. The Rev. A. Wallace
Williamson, of St. Cuthbert's, Edinburgh, officiated. The
Princess of Wales, with Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud,
and Prince Albert Victor of Wales, visited the Queen and
remained to luncheon. The Rev. A. Wallace Williamson had
the honour of dining with the Queen and the Royal family.
On Monday, Oct. 1, Princesses Louise, Victoria, .and Maud of
Wales, as well Princess Frederica of Hanover, visited her
Majesty.
The Prince of Wales left Vienna on Sept. 28 for Pestii.
where he arrived in the evening, and was received at the
railway station by Mr. Barrington, the British Consul-General.
On the morning of the 29th his Royal Highness received
Professor Vambery. with whom he had a long conversation.
The Prince then took a drive through the streets of the town,
visited the Art Exhibition and Commercial Museum, and wit¬
nessed performances in the People's Theatre and Royal Opera
House, winding up the evening by a visit to the National
Casino. On the 30th the Prince dined at the National Casino,
where his portrait, by Angeli, was unveiled in presence of
numerous members of the Hungarian aristocracy. IIis
Royal Highness arrived on Oct. 1 at Miskolcz. in Hungary,
where he reviewed the Hussar regiment of which he is
honorary Colonel. A hearty and enthusiastic welcome was
accorded to the Prince by the spectators, who thronged the
route. At two o'clock the civil authorities came to the hotel
to pay their respects to his Royal Highness, who, through
Count Apponyi, conveyed to them his most cordial thanks for
the brilliant reception accorded to him at Miskolcz. The Prince
drove off at four o'clock in the afternoon to attend some races
organised by the corps of officers. Next (lay his Royal High¬
ness returned to Pesth, and left in the afternoon for Bucharest.
General Sir Henry Ponsonby, on behalf of the Queen and
Royal family, and Colonel Clarke, on behalf of the Prince of
Wales, were present on Sept. 28 at the funeral of Mrs. Hull,
who was for many years in the service of her Majesty
as nurse. _
In response to an appeal from the Bishop of London, the
Mercers’ Company have granted £2<>2 Pis. to the Corporation
of the Church House.
The Metropolitan Board of Works have resolved to prepare
a concise history of the work of the Board from its establish¬
ment to the present time.
A stained glass window, which has been placed in Man¬
chester Cathedral in memory of General Gordon, and was un¬
veiled on Sept. 29, is the gift of Mr. C. J. Schofield to the Dean
and Chapter ; and is the work of Messrs. Wilson and White-
house, 3, Vernon-place, Bloomsbury-square.
The will (dated Aug. 24, 1887) of the Right Hon. Margaret
Anne, Baroness Audley, late of No. 17), Gloucester-square,
widow of the late Right Hon. George Edward, Baron Audley,
who died on Aug. 22 last, was proved on Sept. 29 by George
Bickersteth Hudson, the nephew, Sir Charles Nicholson, Bart.,
and Rowland Nevitt Bennett, jun., the executors, the value of
the personal estate exceeding £ 134,000. The testatrix bequeaths
£3000 each to the Hon. Mary Ihicknessc Tonchetand the Hon.
Emily Thicknesse Touchet; £2300 each to Agnes Mary Ford
Beckingsale and Isabella Mary Hudson ; £3000 and her case of
diamond, emerald, and ruby rings to her friend Lady Nicholson :
£300 each to St. Mary’s Hospital (Paddington) and the London
Orphan Asylum (Watford) ; £20.000 and her house and
stables, Gloucester - square, with the furniture and effects
therein, to her nephew. George Bickersteth Hudson ; £15,000
to her nephew, George Frederick Hudson ; all her pictures and
prints to her brother, the Rev. Thomas Dawson Hudson, with
a request that he will not sell them, but remove them to his
house, Frogmore Hall, Herts; and numerous other legacies.
The residue of her real and personal estate she leaves to her
said brother, the Rev. Thomas Dawson Hudson, absolutely.
The will (dated July 14, 187(1), with two codicils (dated
March 10,1880. and July 0, 1888), of .Sir John Hardy, Bart.. J.P.,
late of Dunstall Hall, Stafford, and formerly of No. 7, Carlton
House-terrace, who (lied on July 9 last, was proved on Sept. 28
by Sir Reginald Hardy, Bart., Gerald Holbeck Hardy, and
Lawrence Hardy, the sons and executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £1,033.482. The
testator, after stating that, by an indenture of settlement, his
mansion house. Dunstall Hall, and certain landsand messuages in
Stafford, are. subject to his life interest, settled on his son Regin¬
ald, for life, with remainder to his first and other sons, success¬
ively in tail male, with divers remainders over, leaves all his other
freehold and copyhold lands and hereditaments in the county
of Stafford and elsewhere, and all his pictures and statuary,
upon the like trusts and conditions as contained in the said
indenture. He gives all his shares and interest in the Low
Moor Company and all the funds comprised in his marriage
settlement (his wife, Lady Laura Hardy, having predecens. il
him) to his three sons, and £20,000 to his son Gerald. The
residue of his real and personal estate he leaves as to two-fifths
thereof, upon trust, for his son Reginald for life, and then to his
children as he shall appoint; one fifth each to his two sons
Gerald Holbeck and Lawrence, upon the like trusts ; and the
remaining one fifth between his said three sons.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE WAR ON THE SIKKIM FRONTIER
OF THIBET.
4. rapid and effective success lias attended the resumption of
military operations by the British Indian Government against
the hostile forces of Thibet on the Sikkim frontier. The petty
native State of Sikkim, which is situated in the Himalayas,
above three hundred miles almost due north of Calcutta,
having the Darjeeling district of Bengal, with a well-known
sanitary station, to the sonth of it. is bounded on its north and
east sides bv Thibet. Sikkim is a rugged mountainous region,
sixty-six miles long from north to south and fifty-two mileB
broad.With a population much less than 100,000. ruled by a
native Rajah, who is in feudal dependence on the British
Indian Empire, receiving a grant of £1100 a year, nominally
as compensation for his cession of Darjeeling many
years ago. He seems, however, to own a divided allegi¬
ance, haying a territory in the Chumbi valley, which is
claimed as a dependency of Thibet, and receiving from the
Lamas of Thibet an additional pension of £200 a year, while
his summer residence is in Chumbi, and his winter residence
at Tumlong, in Sikkim. A mountain range, from 1.3,000 ft.
"to 17.000 ft. high, running from north-west to south-east,
separates the Sikkim from the Chumbi territory, and is
crossed by the Chola Pass, the Nathula and Yakla, the Jalapla
orJvelapla Passes, and the Pembiringo Pass : the two passes
last’named, with the Kupup valley below them, afford
the nearest rentes of advance from Gnatong, in Sikkim,
which is the base of British military
operations. The line of the Thibetan
frontier on the east of Sikkim,
where it divides that State from
the Chumbi Valley, has always been
well known and understood ; con- }
sequentlv, the erection of the fort ^
at Lingtu. on the direct line of road ^
between Darjeeling and Lhassa, at
a distance of only forty miles from .
the former town, was an act which T
it was impossible to tolerate. The _1—
present hostilities can only result I
in the expulsion of the Thilietans I
from the Chumbi territory, which j
juts down between Sikkim and
Bhotan. Chumbi is a village where
the Rajah of Sikkim has a small /
summer palace with a handsomely /
gilt roof. About fifteen miles to the ,\ II ,
north, along a very easy road, i9 a A^ atv
frontier fort called Phari or Pari- - jjg
jong, where there are usually three
Chinese officials and thirty mounted 7 '
soldiers; the fort is 1300 paces /
round, and the walls are of rubble ,
stone, IKlft. high. These are the
two principal places in the valley. ‘ }
TheChumbi Valley is theonly point / >
where our territory comes into —■ i l,
direct contact with that of Thibet, j
and if the result of the present
quarrel be to establish rather more i
satisfactory relations between
Ilritish India and Thilset, the main
trade route of the future will doubt- "X i
less lie through the valley. Whether
our military operations will be ex-
tended beyond it, must depend in
great measure on the attitude of
the Thibetan Government; bnt in X 1 v
whatever treaty may be arranged j h
hereafter, due regard will doubtless ! j
be had to the trade of the future. f 'q-
Thibet has long been a coveted •
market to the Assam planters, but 1 '■
the difficulties raised by the Lamas i
have prevented any exchange of tJ-» y wCg
our tea against the wool which is • '
their staple product. \
The repulse of the Thibetan \ '
attack on the British position at \ '
Gnatong, which took place on v ^
liay 2;1, will bo in the recollection -y \
of our readers. Since that date, \
“Fort Graham,” named from the '
commanding officer, has been erected
on the site of the camp before exist- \
ing at Gnatong. It is li.iiis.i ft. 1 i
above the sea-level, and is. we I .
believe, the only military work ever I
yet constructed at such an altitude. |
Its walls are composed of strong j l
stockade work, loop-holed about I
S ft. above the ground. ’The huts I
inside, built of rough logs and
planks, are mostly bullet-proof. >k:
The main entrance is by the Lingtu
gateway, defended by two mountain guns ; other guns, placed
on the north front near the flagstaff, command the valley in
which is the intrenched camp occupied by reinforcements
lately arrived, consisting of the head-quarters battalion of the
Derbyshire Regiment and the second battalion of the 1st
Ghoorkas. The whole work of constructing this fort, which
may be regarded as impregnable by the Thibetans, has been
executed by the 32nd Pioneers and two companies of the
Derbyshire Regiment, with materials got from the forests
“ a l COTt ' r the surrounding hills.
The British field-force, under the command of Colonel
Graham, has now driven the Thibetans far away from all the
trontier passes, capturing their fortified positions shown in the
sketches which we have engraved this week. On Sept. 2.'>
tolonel Graham pursued the enemy to Rinchin-gaon, or
mchmgmg, and next day advanced to Chumbi, while the
ihibetans, completely routed, had fled to Pari and Bhotan.
me Rajah of Sikkim had also fled from Chnmbi. and was sup¬
posed to have taken refuge in Thibet. Colonel Graham's force
bis returned by the Jalapla Pass to Gnatong.
In addition to the Sketches with which we are favoured
"J one or two of the officers of the Sikkim field - force at
Gnatong, we have been permitted to copy, from Vol. III. of
' roceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, the views
of the Chola Pass, the Yakla Pass, and the Jalapla Pass, drawn
JT ■ ir Richard Temple and presented to the Society with a
paper which he read there. The second volume of Sir Richard
empies interesting “Journals in Hyderabad, Kashmir.
Septra],” published last year by Messrs. IV. H.
j n . a t . may be consulted with advantage for its exact
nption of Sikkim, aided by very good maps. One of the
T,cT n0 " present shows in the distance, looking west-
VmL- e .? 09 Himalayan mountain summit of Kinchinjunga
L . e ' vr ' tton “ Knnchanjanga which is 3B.1.V; ft.
r® ; out Mount Everest, or Gaurisankar, rises to 20,000 ft.,
being the loftiest mountain on earth. Chnmalari, which is
with Kanchanjanga. also marked in oar Map, has a height of
23,<!30 ft. The official orthography of names of several places,
in the .Map we have copied, slightly differs from common
newspaper usage ; thus we read •• Darjiling ” instead of “ Dar¬
jeeling”: and “Jelnpla” is more strictly notified as "the
Jyelap La”; the word “la” being, in Thibet tho ordinary
term for “ pass,” as in the “ Cho-la,” or water-pass, and the
“Yak-la,” which is the pass of that useful beast of burthen,
the Yak. ___
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(from our own Correspondent.)
Paris, Tuesday, Oct. 2.
In the political world the most complete disorder prevails. In
view of the opening of Parliament, fixed for Oct. 15, the
Deputies are beginning to return to Paris, and to exchange
views in the lobbies of the Chamber. The Deputies of the
Governmental majority seem particularly alarmed both on
account of the discontent to lie remarked in the provinces and
on account of the little confidence placed by the masses in the
Premier, M. Floquet. Minister Goblet, in a speech made
recently in Picardy, and now mnch commented upon, has not
hesitated to declare that all is going wrong in Franco, and to
depict in the most sombre terms the progress of the
Boulangist faction : - Yes, a faction.” said M. Goblet, “for
there is no question here of party or of programme; there
/ \ %
ERR
captain, a machinist, and a sterner. What is to be done with
this boat, how she is to be armed, what services she may
render from the military point of view, are questions that have
to be determined. At present, the experiments being made
are to test the navigability of the boat, and to see what
improvements can be made in the construction.
The theatrical season begins, as usual, with revivals of last
summer's successes, or with successes of years ago. One would
think, indeed, to judge from an inspection of the playbills,
that the dramatic activity of France is diminishing, and her
vaunted superiority in this department no longer a reality.
The Francois, for instance, can do no better than revive Georges
Sand’s “ Francois le Champi ” : the Chatelet has just served up
an old “ Cenmillon ” in new dresses ; the Porte Saint-Martin
is playing the “ Tour de Xesle,” and about to revive tho
“ Conrrier de Lyon ” ; the Vaudeville, the Varietes, the Folies
Dramatiqnes, tho Menus Plaisirs have no new thing to offer.
The Ambign, it is true, has produced this week a commonplace
melodrama, full of tears and emotion, called “ Roger la Ilonte ”:
but this is simply the dramatisation of a fcuilleton novel pub¬
lished by the Prtit Journal. Where are the new pieces.’
Where are Messieurs les auteurs dramatiques
In view of the approaching Exhibition the Prefect of
Police is preparing to clean the streets of Paris—I mean to
clean them morally. The first steps have been the arrest of a
few hundred horrible creatures of both sexes who have for
months infested the boulevards night and day, and the publi¬
cation of a decree prohibiting the venders of newspapers and
broadsheets to cry anything but the
simple title of their wares.
- ! Still in view of this wonderful
| Exhibition, MM. Alfred Stevens and
| Henri Gervex, the distinguished
I painters, are at work on a panorama
of the history of the century, 1780-
1889, commencing with Louis XVI.
T / 1 and Mirabeau. and ending with
/ Victor Hugo and President Carnot.
/ ' The Queen-Regent of Spain and
Jj , 1 the members of the Royal family
«?/ ' arrived at Madrid on Oet. 2 from
/ '' ban Sebastian.
, L.4 ™ - 1 The ceremony which is con-
( ”, sidered as the filial one of the
\ \ Pope's Jubilee year was performed
> ^ \ oil Sunday, Kept. 30, at St. Peter's,
/ > i ! at Rome, in the presence of an im-
~i I mense assemblage of pilgrims and
\j£ others. Both on entering and depart-
i [ ing, Leo. XIII. was greeted with
// ' loud cheers.
// ' | The meeting of the International
/ j > Commercial Law Congress lias been
j / * (£_ i held at Brussels; a considerable
/•' , I number of English, French. Ameri-
- I can. Spanish. German. Russian.
V m i —?■ I Italian, and even Japanese delegates
! . , attending. Questions connected
„ I ; UZ with bills of exchange and maritime
j ^ , j conflicts were discussed.
The Emperor of Germany arrived
/ s O ' at Stuttgart on the evening of
' / \ \ Sept. 27. and was receives! at the
/ \ -^ - railway station by King Louis and
V . A \ J" all the Princes of the House of
V-j-riaV '**" \ Wilrtemberg. The Emperor and the
I . \ t-s ,' King drove, amid tlie acclamations
- ' . V ' of the people, to the Royal Castle.
' -_$ . ' where his Imperial Majesty' was
I ' * received by the Queen and the
\ Princesses. The streets leading
\ from the station to the castle were
■ V brilliantly illuminated in honour of
J. ’ the Emperor’s visit. Next day the
\\ Emperor was entertained at a State
| banquet, his Majesty’s health being
A (j proposed in cordial terms by the
J? a King of Wiirtemberg. In reply,
•/ / l the Emperor expressed the pleasure
!l it gave him to visit Wiirtemberg, a
,'\ country that enjoyed such great
ll \ prosperity and that had given to
I Germany so many famous rulers,
i, i His Majesty arrived at Constance
( ' s' I | late on the night of Sept 28. and
_ I \ . I was received by the Grand Duke of
I 1 v R V Baden. The Royal jiarty went by
Y special steamer to the Island of
, Mainau, the shores of the lake being
, brilliantly illuminated. The Em-
peror reached Munich on the cven-
loN-riEU or Thibet. ing of Oct. 1, amid the firing of a
Royal salute, and was received at
lerely a per- the railway station by the Prince Regent and the members
such political of the Bavarian Royal house, the Ministers, the principal
rs think of the future of France when they
which faction she will belong to-morrow !
i be had, what alliances hoped for, when no
officers of the Army, and other notabilities. Leaving
Munich on the 2nd, his Imperial Majesty entered Vienna
next morning, where he was received with a stately cere¬
monial. Early on Oct. 1 the Empress Frederick, with her
security can he offered .' ” This is all true enough, and the daughters, left Potsdam for Kiel, where her son, Prince
fact that a Republican Minister has the courage to admit the Henry, lives, and where an^ English squadron is at present
alarming progress of Boulangism is a proof how great the anchored. She arrived at Kiel at nine in the evening, and
danger is. In the immediate future of France one sees nothing drove to the palace. There was no official reception. Her
but the inevitable triumph of Boulanger. Even the Comte de Majesty has sent a portrait of her late Consort to the English
Paris is obliged to admit this, since he orders his partisans and Jockey Club, of which he had been a member since the vear
loyal subjects to go to the next electoral battle under Boulanger's 1881.—Prince Bismarck has obtained the Emperor's consent to
flag. Even his worst enemies would not attribute to the Comte prosecute the publishers of the Emperor Frederick’s diary, on
de Paris the foolish thought that Boulanger, dictator of France, the ground of the revelation of State secrets. Professor
will immediately offer his own black charger to Philip VII. and Dr. Geffcken, the contributor of the extracts to the
proclaim him King a la Monk. Pat de danger! “Vive Deutsche Itundsehau; is in custody, and has undergone an
Boulanger !” does not mean “ Vive Philippe VII!” or “Vive examination. '
Xapoleon IV ! ” It means “ Hurrah for something new ! ’’ On the occasion of the opening of a park in the snburhs of
The Journal Offieiel having published a decree reorganising Vienna on Sept. 30 by the Emperor Francis Joseph, his Majesty
the school of aerostation at Chalais, the press haB begun to said that the barrier separating Vienna from its suburbs
call for legislation concerning this new means of locomotion. should be removed as soon as possible. The Emperor s promise
Great curiosity has been excited by the announcement of was received with general enthusiasm.—The Empress of
the trials of the new submarine boat, Le Gymnote, now Austria returned to Schonbrunn on the 3uth after her yachting
being made in the harbour of Toulon. This boat has been excursion among the Greek islands. Her Majesty has
designed after the ideas of the famous engineer, Dapuy de rented a villa for three months at Gaturion, in the island of
Lome, by M. Zede and Captain Krebs, who has, it appears. Corfu.
solved the problem of balloon motors and steering apparatus. Prince Christian, the eldest son of the CrewtHprinc^Sid
The boat—ft. long and lift, in diameter—is described as a Crown Princess of Denmark, came of age on Sent. 2il. T]„,
huge Whitehead torpedo, having a displacement of thirty tons. King has appointed him a Lieutenant in the Roval Life Guards" 1
sol veil the problem of balloon motors and steering apparatus. Prince Christian, the eldest son of the CrowtHprinc^SU
The boat—."><•. ft. long and il ft. in diameter—is described as a Crown Princess of Denmark, came of age on Sept ->ii The
huge Whitehead torpedo, having a displacement of thirty tons, King has appointed him a Lieutenant in the Royal Life Guards"
and nn estimated sped under water of nine to ten knots. The and conferred on him the Order of the Elephant, the highest
electric motor, of .V,-horse power, drives the screw directly, Danish Order. The King of the Hellenes has presented the
ny gearing, at the rate of two hundred evolutions
Prince with the Grand Cr
l little less than two tons. The crew consists of i
ldin-Desmazurcs accumu- The Scandinavian and Intel
hagen was officially closed on Oct. 2.
f the Order of the Saviour.—
tioual Exhibition in Cope®.
the Jalaph
the Jnlapla I’
THE YAKLA PAB6 AND LAKE.
1 K K I M FRONTIER
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oot. 6, 1888.—S93
ft. Mftjuia tMr. Jutuesou's boy).
tt. Carved Tobacco-Bowl, bought from Sc Urn’s Manyemaa.
7. A Corner in the Camp at Yamfriya.
8. Fallldi-bln-An.
y. N alive of Diva, iKtwtru lumim.u uiid the River Congo.
10. Kativo Pottery, Aruwlml Rapids.
11. Shore, with Fishing-Canoes, at Yahsuta, Congo River.
12. Native Utensils, Aruwlml Rapids, Llmbayo. 13. Bas&ot.
1. Cannibal Scene In Village near Nawlbu's Camp on the Aniwlini.
2. YawaiuU one hour's canoe voyage abuvo Yahsuta, on the Congo.
3. Fanylmha, an Arab Slave Owner.
4. Onr Promenade, looking up the River from the Camp.
THE EMIN PASHA RELIEF EXPEDITION:
1JY MR. H. WARD, A COMPANION OF MR. H. M. STANLEY.
THIS ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. i!. I
THE EMIN PASHA RELIEF EXPEDITION
UP THE CONGO AND ARUWIMI.
Mr. Ward has often assured meof the existence of cannibalism
in certain Central African districts. I>ast year he forwurded
to me four sets of cannibal knives and forks. They were en¬
graved in The Illustrated London Xt ws. In a general way he
has referred to this subject ns one about which there was no
longer reason for doubt. Mr. Stanley himself had not been alto¬
gether explicit in his evidence one way or the other, although
the alleged Soko or chimpanzee skulls which he sent to Pro¬
fessor Huxley, ns his readers will remember, turned out to be
human. Whatever they were, the natives of the village where
Stanley found them confessed they had eaten the bodies, which
they called “ Wajimi meat.’* It is only quite recently that the
truth has come out. Stanley suspected it. He offered large
rewards for a specimen of a‘’Soko” alive or dead. He saw*
plenty of skulls of the creature, but could procure no other
evidence. This was at a village above Stanley Falls. It is
now pretty well understood that these trophies must have been
the remains of human beings. Cannibalism exists in the
great basin of the Congo, on sundry of its tributaries, and was
active in the neighbourhood of the camp at Aruwimi. In
a special letter from Mr. Ward lately received, he gives me not
only some startling details of cannibalism on the Aruwimi
river, but an illustration of the ghastly business drawn on the
spot. On Sunday, Feb. 26, 1888, he says “ I went this
morning to Nassibu's Camp, which is situated abont an hour’s
march from onr camp on the Falls (Aruwimi). He received
me with much ceremony, and, at my request, drummed to the
natives, who were in two clearings at the back of his camp.
A number came, and went through the usual demonstrations
of surprise at seeing a white man. Among them were about
a dozen young women, with pleasing countenances and beauti¬
fully-moulded limbs. They would have been worthy models
for a sculptor. I selected a man as a model for myself, but it
was very difficult to induce him to stand still while I sketched
him. I then started for their village with Majnta, Mr. Jameson's
hoy. carrying ray bag. and Fida. a native woman who has been
with the Arabs some time, to interpret from Swahili into the
native language.
” Almost the first man I saw was carrying four lumps of
human flesh (with the skin on) on a stick, and through Fida
I found that they had killed a man this morning and had
divided the flesh. She took me over to a house where some
half-dozen men were squatting, and showed me more meat on
sticks in front of a fire; it was frizzling and the yellow fat
was dripping from it. whilst all around was a strong odour
which reminded me of the smell given out by grilled elephant
meat. It was not yet the general meal-time, they told me. but
one or two of the natives cut off pieces of the frizzling flesh
and ate it and laughed at Majnta, who, being disgusted, held
his nose and backed into the bush. I spoke with the natives
through Fida, and they told me from what parts the meat was
cut. One tall, sturdy native was quietly leaning against a
tree and picking off pieces of flesh from a thigh bone with
great relish. Other dainty joints were grilling at the fire. I
send you a sketch of the scene, and some day shall hope to
tell you all the horrible details of the cannibal habits and
customs which prevail in this strange country.”
The accompanying Illustrations are of more individual
than typical interest. No. 3 is an Arab slave-owner ; No. 5 is
Majuta (Jameson's boy); and No. 9 is a native of Diva, a
village between Yambuya and the Congo River. The miserable
looking wretch (No. 8) is a grim suggestion of the condition
of the native warriors and carriers at the camp in the early
days of the present year. The white men struggled through
their privations, as they always do, more successfully than
t heir dark companions. Says Ward, in a letter dated Feb. 18 :—
” I went to Selim’s camp to-day, and they told me that two
more of their men (Arabs) had been caught and eaten by the
natives, whose village they had raided and burnt some weeks
ago. This will probably make Selim angry, as he went with
Barttclot much against his will, and only left a few men and
his women. This eternal waiting is awful—waiting for what
never comes ! Day after day pas>es ; we see no fresh faces, we
hear no news. Many of our men are daily growing thinner
a ml weaker, and are dying off. Poor wretches! they lie out in the
sun. on the dusty ground, most of them with only a narrow strip
of dirty loin-cloth : and all the livelong day they stare into
vacancy, and at night gaze at a bit of fire. It was a pitiable
sight, a few days ago, to see an emaciated skeleton crawl, with
t he aid of a stick, after a corpse that was being carried on a polo
for interment. He staggered along, poor chap, and squatted
down alongside the newly-made grave and watched the pro¬
ceedings with large round sunken eyes, knowing that it would
only be a matter of a few days and he himself would be a dead
man. He told me in a husky voice. ‘ Amekwa rapiki angu ’
(he was mv friend). Another j>oor fellow is a mass of bones,
yet persists in doing his work, and every evening staggers into
camp, lie has been told to lay up. and that his manioc shall
lie provided for him, but he refuses, and in replying to my
sympathetic remark that he was very thin, he said * Yes, only
a short time more, master.’ Death is written in his face, and
just as plainly in the faces of many others in this camp.
Almost as many lives. I fear, will be lost in this philanthropic
mission as there are lives of Emin Bey’s people to save.”
Ward diies not say positively that Tippoo Tib is chiefly to
blame for this, but he has continually referred to the suspicious
nature of his delay in supplying the men he had undertaken
to provide. On Jan. 18 he writes : “ Selim-bin-Mahomed, who
has hitherto been most pleasant and agreeable, is now beginning
to get * touchy.* Evidently we shall never get the 700 men
Tippoo Tib promised us.” In another of his letters, dated Feb. s.
lie seems to forecast poor Barttelot’s fate. “ To-day,” he
writes. - I am orderly officer. An old empty cartridge-box
was picket! tip in the river (Aruwimi) to-day; it was much
broken and sodden ; it must have been floating down the
river for a very long distance. Selim-bin-Mahomcd told me
this morning that Bungari, the escaped prisoner, had told him,
preparatory to escaping, that his life was not worth living,
inarching up and down in the hot sun all day, and that he
knew he would lie shot when caught, and that he intended
shooting Barttclot dead before he would be captured.”
The Sketch (No. 4) of the Aruwimi near the camp was
made after a botanising trip with poor Jameson, whose death
bv fever is one of the latest known calamities of the ex¬
pedition. “ This picture." he writes. " I have done in Indian
ink, but it is very uncomfortable painting out-of-doors; this
is one of our hottest days, and there are swarms of black sand¬
flies which draw blood whenever they attack one.” In January
he writes in regard to the Sketch (No. 4) of a corner of our
‘•Intrenched Camp, Yambuya. Aruwimi River.” that it is
picturesque but dull, and wretched with waiting and hoping
for orders to move. “The weather fine,” he writes, *‘ river very
low. Massibu, an Arab of Tippoo Tib’s, visited us, bringing
some Stanley Falls rice and a goat. He told ns an absurd
yarn of Abdullah having seen Stanley. Jameson continues
collecting birds and painting them. We sketched the second
rapids from below the camp. We have not sufficient medicine,
and very little food. The Zanzibaris and Soudanese are
suffering seriously, and there are many deaths.”
“ The carved wood tobacco-bowl ” (No. 0), he writes, “ I of the best-known men in the colony. Having been elected, in
bought from one of Selim’s Manyemas. The bowl is con¬
structed on the back of some legendary animal—half leopard,
half elephant. On this day of the tobacco-bowl (March 3)
one of Selim's head Arabs is*below with twenty tusks of ivory.
Bonny has seen some Arabs from Abdullah’s camp, sixteen
THE RIGHT REV. FRANCIS JAYNE, THE NEW BISHOI* OF CHESTER.
days above. They say they will bring us back the two men
who deserted from Stanley some months ago. This awful delay
of news from Stanley bodes misfortune, and we are all com¬
pelled to conclude that he has met with trouble and is in
difficulties—if not worse. A brave, skilful, and determined
man. & hero, one hopes and hopes he may be safe and well.”
The unknown difficulties which Mr. Stanley must have
encountered are sufficiently demonstrated by the' known diffi¬
culties which have beset his followers in a region which had
become familiar to them, and under the express cognisance of
Stanley’s Arab ally, Tippoo Tib. If this gentleman and his
officers have been so remiss in the fulfilment of their under¬
takings almost within easy reach of settled Congo stations,
what may have happened to Stanlej’ in the wilderness is full
of painful possibilities. Major Barttelot lost his life in
endeavouring to organiso a party to follow his leader. Mr.
Jameson has succumbed to fever, probably induced by anxiety
and worry in the same direction. In one of Ward’s letters,
dated early in the year, he states, with a sympathetic expres¬
sion of regret, that both Jameson and Barttclot look very ill.
The obstacles in the path of an advance towards Wadelai must
lie enormous. The dangers, while they have in some respects
l>een reduced by the Arab alliance, have in other ways been
increased by it. The Arabs harass the natives, and plunder
them of ivory and slaves. The natives everywhere seek
reprisals on the Arabs: it must be a difficult thing for the
native mind to discriminate between Stanley’s people and
their Arab allies.
Up to date there is still no news of Stanley. It is
beginning to be felt that it will be impossible for anything
like efficient aid to be sent ont either to him or to Emin Bey.
except under the active direction of the Government, and with
a sufficient and carefully officered force. Joseph Hatton.
THE LATE HON. THOMAS HOLT.
This gentleman, who died on Sept. 5, at his residence, Halcot.
near Bexley, Kent, formerly held high political office in New
THE LATE HON. THOMAS HOLT,
Formerly Finance Mliibtcr of New South Woles.
South Wales. He was born in 1811, at Harbury, in Yorkshire,
and at an early age entered the business carried on by his
father, who was a wool-stapler. After spending several years
in different parts of the Continent, he went to Australia, in
1842, and there settled. During a residence of forty years in
New South Wales, he amassed a large fortune, and became one
1856, as member for Hanley Borough, he was. on the intro¬
duction of responsible government, appointed Colonial Treasurer
in the Donaldson Administration. He continued a member of
the Assembly until 1868, and two years later received a seat in
the Legislative Council. Six years ago, he returned to Eng¬
land, and has during that period devoted all the leisure that a
lingering illness allowed him, with large pecuniary gifts, to
works of charity and benevolence. His remains were interred
in Abney Park Cemetery, in the presence of Sir Saul Samuel
and other representatives of the colony ; but the most striking
feature of the scene was the presence of the poor from all
parts of Loudon to testify to the loss they had sustained.
Our Portrait is from a photograph by Messrs. Fradelle and
Young, Regent-street.
THE NEW BISHOP OF CHESTER.
We lately announced that Government had nominated to the
See of Chester the Rev. Canon Francis John Jayne, who
since 1886 has been the Vicar of Leeds in succession to the
Rev. Dr. Gotfc, transferred to the Deanery of Worcester. The
See of Chester was rendered vacant by the translation of Dr.
Stubbs to the See of Oxford. The Vicar of Leeds will have
spent but a short time among the people of that town, where
he has won popularity and esteem. Born in or about 1844, he
was educated at Wadham College. Oxford, of which he was a
scholar. He took a first class in Moderations, and a first class
in Liter® Humaniores and in Law and History in 1868, in
which year he was elected a Fellow of Jesus College. He was
Senior Hall Houghton Greek Testament Prizeman in 1870.
He was ordained in 1871, and was tutor of Keble College till
1878, and then was appointed Principal of St. David’s College,
Lampeter, lie was Whitehall Preacher in 1875-77, aud Select
Preacher at Oxford in 1884.
The Portrait is from a photograph by Mr. Heslcp Woods,
of Leeds.
ART MAGAZINES.
The Art Journal for October opens with a descriptive article,
one of a series by Mr. Joseph Hatton, on provincial clubs ;
Liverpool being this month the selected town. Mr. Marcus
B. Huish continues his interesting “ Notes on Japan and its
Art-Wares." Lacquerwork is the subject of this paper, which
is profusely illustrated with examples of this wonderful art-
industry. The Swiss painter Arnold Bocklin furnishes the
subject of an article by Miss H. Zimmern. The Alpine
Republic has never been counted among art-producing nat ions,
jet she has at least this one son of whom she may well be
proud. Born at Basel in 1827, Bocklin has resided in and
studied at most of the great art-centres—Diisseldorf, Brussels.
Paris, and Rome—and has painted many pictures remarkable
for their originalitj’ and imaginative power. The frontispiece
to this issue is an etching of Mr. Briton Riviere’s clever
picture, “ Spilt Milk.”
The October number of the Magazine of A rt contains an
extremely interesting paper by Mr. Lewis Wingfield on “Art
in the Theatre.” Few persons have more knowledge of, and
experience in, the difficult art of costume-designing for the
6tage than Mr. Wingfield, who has arranged the dresses for
some of the most successfully-mounted London performances.
A monograph by Mr. H. Spielman accompanies a fine engraving
of a portrait by himself of the late Frank Holl, R.A., whose
recent death, while still in the prime of his life and his art,
has caused such a blank in the ranks of the English Academy.
Mr. Walter Crane contributes another article on the art of
design, treating this month of relief expressed in “The
Language of Lines.” The examples given by the writer,
drawn by himself, are. as alwaj's, charming. Mr. W. J Loftie
holds out great promise of pleasure to come in his forth¬
coming volume “ Kensington, Picturesque and Historical
for in his paper in this periodical, entitled “ Kensington Fifty
Y’ears Ago," not only do we benefit by the learning and
research employed in the compilation of the coming work,
but we are permitted to see many of the sketches of Old and
New Kensington which will illustrate it.
Lord Brassev has been presented at Norman hurst Court
with a testimonial subscribed for by inhabitants of Hastings,
without regard to party, in recognition of his twentj*-four
years’ association with the borough, his eighteen years’ service
as Parliamentary representative, and his munificence towards
churches, schools, chapels, and other useful institutions. Tl.e
presentation took the form of a portrait of Lord Brassey by
the late Frank Holl, a valuable sextant, and an illuminated
address and album containing the names of the subscribers.
A banquet was given on Sept. 29 bj* the Italian colonj' and
exhibitors at the Italian Exhibition to Mr. J. R. Whitley and
Colonel J. T. North, respectively the Director-General and
President of the Reception Committee. Replying to the toast
of his health, Mr. Whitley said that during the five months
the Exhibition had been opened, 1,258,000 persons had visited
it, and the exhibits had proved the immense resources of
United Italy. He expressed a strong conviction that a second
Italian Exhibition next year would meet with every encourage¬
ment from Italian exhibitors.
The artisans’ classes at the Roj*al Victoria Hall reopened on
Monday, Oct. l,and comprise arithmetic, physiology, physio¬
graphy, shorthand, chemistry, astronomj*, English literature,
mechanics, machine drawing, electricity, See., many of the
classes being in connection with the Science and Art Depart¬
ment. On the 2nd. after a lecture entitled “Science in the
Saucepan,” by Professor Carlton Lambert, the certificates gamed
by the students last session were presented by Sir P. Magnus.
The winter series of ballnd and operatic concerts at the aliove
hall commenced on the 4th with a ballad concert, when Madame
Antoinette Sterling, Miss Hilda Coward, and Messrs. Cbilley.
Thnrley Beale, and Egbert Roberts sang and Mr. John Child
recited.
Half the financial year 1888-9 has now expired, and the
revenue receipts thus far strengthen the prospect of a surplus
considerably in excess of the estimates made six months ago.
The revenue returns for the quarter just ended show the
following items of increase, as compared with the correspond¬
ing period of last year .-—Customs, £137,000 ; stamps, £50,000 :
Post Office, £100,000, telegraph service, £25,000; miscell¬
aneous. £84,312 ; total. £396.312. The departments in which
there has been a decrease are the following :—Excise. £ 10,000 ;
house dutj\ £10.000; property and income tax, £160,000;
interest on purchase money of Suez Canal shares, Ac., £756;
total, £180,756. The net increase on the quarter is £215,556.
The comparison of the half-year with the corresponding period
of last year shows a net increase of £480,589; the items of
increase are £233,000 from Customs. £20,000 from excise.
£350,000 from stamps, £250,000 from the Post Office, £40.000
from the telegraph service, £20,000 from Crown lands, and
£218,345 from miscellaneous. The decreases in the half-yearly
comparison arc £25.000 from house duty, £625,000 from
property and income-tax, and £ 756 from interest on purchase
money of Suez Canal shares, Ac.
MS
X
OCT. 0, 1838
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
305
COALING THE STEAMER, JAMAICA.
Our Special Artist. Mr. Melton Prior, contributes a Sketch of
the scene that- he witnessed o-.i the arrival of the Royal .Mail
Steam -Packet Company's vessel at the port of Kingston.
Jamaica. His comment on the mode of operations is vigoronsl v
severe, and may help to procure some amendment; so we
publish it just as he wrote it
•• I think I may safely say that the manner of coaling
steamers in Kingston. Jamaica, is uniq ue: and I know that I share
the feeling of every official, resident, and passenger, when I sav
that the sooner it is done away with, and a better system is
introduced, the better it will be for all. As at present per¬
formed. it is a disgrace to Jamaica : and it is astounding that
an English colony can put up with such a barbarous practice.
As soon as a steamer is sighted, negro men and women, who
are engaged all the year round at this occupation, are collected ;
and the moment the ship is moored to the lauding-wliarf.
stages are run aboard, and these black human tivo-leggcd
animals arc at once set to work coaling the ship. It is needless
to sav that there are 70 per cent of women to the men, who are
generally too lazy to do any work at all. The work is carried
on utterly regardless of the comfort of the passengers, or their
sufferings from the coal-dust, which penetrates every ereviec
of the ship, and settles on every exposed part of the human
body. Passengers, ladies as well as men, as they land, have to
pass through the most ghastly clouds of coal-dust: and daring
the tedious waiting at the Custom House they are still
eavcloped in this black mist of carbon, till they eventually
arrive at the hotel, more resembling the negroes than white
ladies and gentlemen. The wind invariably blows from one
quarter, and it is utterly impossible to avoid this torture. The
coaling-women s dresses are tucked np to the knees, and the
dirtier and older the dress the better. While filling their baskets
from the enormous stack of coal, and transporting it on board,
they indulge in ribald songs and the coarsest of language, fortu¬
nately in such broken English that it is not easily understood by
the newly-arrived passengers. Nevertheless I have heard many
English ladies and gentlemen condemn the whole scene as an
outrage on decency, and offensive to those who are bound to
travel by the Royal Hail steam-ships. It is very seldom that
a ship is coaled without some of these female barbarians
quarrelling, and eventually settling their dispute by tucking
up their sleeves, and engaging in wlmt looks
like a woman prize-fight, the blood flowing
freely after a very short encounter. When I
have expressed my opinion to those in charge.
I have been told that it is the only wav to
get the work done; but I have (teen ships
coaled in most parts of the world, and never
with so little regard to decency or convenience."
“A HELPING HAND.”
The Coloured Picture given as an Extra Supplement to this
a umber of our Journal is an out-of-door scene, under the
bright sky of a southern clime in the Mediterranean ; but the
occupation of these two children, in their light and airy
costume enjoying the glowing sunshine on a garden terrace, is
identical with the occasional easy task of many English little
girls and boys, sitting by the winter fireside in snug rooms at
home. Few of us cannot remember, some time in our infancy,
being asked by a mother or sister to hold a skein of thread for
unwinding : and the sensations of increasing weariness in the
rigid muscles of the arms, and of the relaxing hold of the skein
on the steady hands, as its threads drew near their termination,
abide as physical impressions after half a lifetime. It is an
excellent lesson of patience, and the faithful performance of
this little office is always deserving of a kiss of approval.
THE ST. CATHERINE’S ELECTRIC LIGHT.
The light-house, now in full working order, on St. Catherine's
Point, Isle of \\ ight. shows an electric light equal in illuminat¬
ing power to rather more than candles. Every half
minute, as the light revolves, a mighty flash of five seconds’
duration sweeps around the sea, and is visible at the distance of
forty-two miles. A commodious engine-room has been added
to the establishment, containing three steam engines of
twelve-horse power each, and two magneto-electric machines
of the Pe Meritens type. Two of the engines are to work
for lighting purposes, though only one is used, in connection
with one of the machines, iu clear weather. The third engine
is to work the double-toned fog-horn, which has been greatly
increased in power. In the lantern, carbons of very large sec¬
tional area, not circular^but fluted, are used, and the optical
apparatus is of sixteen sides or panels. As a precaution
against breakdown, everything is in duplicate at least, with an
oil light in reserve as well. An experienced engineer, Mr.
Millet-t, has taken the place of principal, supported by a com-
jK?tent staff of assistant light-keepers. Mr. Millett served in
the Crimean and Baltic naval operations, and was ten years in
the Italian navy.
The only other light-houses on the coast of England at
which the light is produced by means of electricity are Souter
oak hiding
the hand of
as to satisfy
BIRD GROUPS AT THE NATURAL
HISTORY MUSEUM.
Wo present an Illustration of the latest ami
largest addition to the instructive series of
groups of British birds, which attracts so many
visitors to the Natural History Museum in
Cromwell-road. These groups are intended to
show the nesting habits of our birds, and in¬
clude generally both the parents — some in
their breeding dress : others sharing the in¬
evitable duty of bird family cares; the rest
with eggs or young, and as much of the
surroundings of the nest as can be retained in
a glass case of suitable size. In mounting these
groups, imagination is not allowed to play any
part; but if the natural surroundings cannot
be preserved iuta<*t as a whole, such parts as
are perishable, like leaves or flowers, are faith¬
fully copied and reproduced from nature. The
tree-mallow, with the puffin group, the sea-
poppies in the tern-case, the bough of evergreen
the nest of the blackbird, arc masterpieces from
Messrs. Mintorn, of Soho-squarc, so true to nature
the most, exacting botanist.
A wall-case in the pavilion of tho Bird Gallery. -I ft. l>.‘ in.
long. S ft. I! in. high, and 4 ft. deep, has been devoted to a small
piece of the bird-life of the Bass Rock, one of the most cele¬
brated stations on the east coast of Scorland, to which every
spring countless multitudes of sea-birds resort for the purpose
of breeding.
The position chosen for this group is a representation of
two shelves, high up on the precipitous face of the rock,
which are tenanted by two kinds of birds, tiie ijnwer by the
gannet or solan goose, the tipper by the guillemot. Necessity
has taught these birds to live together sociably and in jieace.
On the snort lower shelf five pairs of gaunets have found
room for their nests; in one place may lie seen the old bird
on tho nest, patiently attending to her single white egg : in
another, the young gannet is on the point of emerging from
the shell: in a third, the nestling, about a week old, is having
its appetite satisfied, while two youngsters, of more advanced
age, have been able to exchange their beds, which will require
the washing of many a drenching shower, for a secure, clean,
and sunny corner of the shelf. The guillemots occupy the
upper shelf: they also do not mind how closely they are
packed if there be only room for tlieir large egg. which
is coloured and spotted in many patterns, and which they lay-
on the baro rock, and inenbate in a more or less upright
position. A pair of kittiwakes, on the left side of the
case, add not a little to the charm of this group. They
have built, with some skill, their soft nest of seaweed and
lichens, on a small platform of projecting rock, scarcely the
width of two hands. The female is sitting on her eggs ; the
mate is watching for her from another projection close by.
The Bass Rock case is one of a nnmber of cases now being
set up under the direction of Dr. A. Gunther, F.ll.S., who is at
the head of the Zoological Department at the Museum, which
are quite works of art in form and composition, as well as in
general truth to nature, and are far in advance of any¬
thing of the kind we have had before. For the successful
execution of this group, the authorities of the Museum arc
chiefly indebted to Mr. Edward Bidwell, who, in the first place,
obtained a series of photographs of the nesting-places and
breeding birds, and who also presented nearly all t he specimens,
from one of the photographs Miss E. C. Woodward made a
small model, in clay, of the portion of the cliff selected, which
was skilfully copied by the modeller attached to the Geological
Department.
ST. CATHEItlNE POINT El ECTUIC LIOHTHOl.SE, ISLE OF WIGHT.
Point, on the coast of Durham, between the mouths of the
Tyne and the Wear; the South Foreland, where the two lights
so well known to passengers across the Straits of Dover, were
established a very long time ago, for the then three-fold purpose
of leading clear of the Goodwin Sands, through the Downs and
up and down the English Channel: and at the Lizard, on the
Cornish coast, where two more lights mark the southernmost
headland of that part of the Channel. The present St.
Catherine’s .light is ten times more powerful than the best of
them, the one on Souter Point. Jt is the most intensely bril¬
liant light in existence on our shores.
The restoration of the church of Cwmamman, South Wales,
being completed, the parishioners have presented ail east
window, from the studio of Mr. Taylor, of Berners-street.
In St. Mary's Scottish Episcopal Church, Glasgow, on
Sept. 20, Canon Harrison, of St. James's, Bury St. Edmunds,
was consecrated Bishop of Glasgow by the Primate of Scotland.
All the Scottish Bishops and several English Bishops, includ¬
ing the Bishops of Ely and Durham, assisted at the ceremony,
and the sermon was preached by the Bishop of Iowa. There
was a large congregation.
THE PLAYHOUSES.
That infinitely droll little comedian Mr. Peniey is making
everyone laugh over his quaint performance in “ Uncles and
Aunts'" at the Comedy, a theatre that is invariably patronised
by the playgoers who cannot enjoy the theatre thoroughly
unless it is preceded by a good dinner at the club. Plays that
begin at nine o'clock suit these good people thoroughly well,
and at present they are undecided whether to secure a stall to
see Mr. Peniey in the Haymarket or Mrs. John Wood and
Mr. Hare down in Sloanc-square. But whether a course or so
is sacrificed or not. it is imperative that visitors to the Comedy
should be in time to see Mr. Cecil Raleigh's vigorous and
clever play " The Spy.” There is enough material here for a
four-act drama, a happy mixture of bright comedy and grim
pathos; but the author has cleverly boiled it down into ail
hour’s entertainment that rivets the attention and excites the
spectator. It is as difficult to write a good one-act drama as a
startling short story. It looks easy enough, but there's the
rub. There is nothing mawkish or melodramatic about •* The
Spy," and for once in a way a modern dramatist has touched
the true chord of human interest. And there is still another
recommendation : the little play is well acted, and an
actress of whom no great things were expected has suddenly
come to the front. Miss Vane Featherstone has had her
chance, and grasped it firmly. Hitherto known only as a
pretty girl usefully employed in light comedy, she has sud¬
denly proved herself to be an exceptionally clever actress of
wide range, ns earnest in licr sentiment as she is gay and
intelligent in her comedy. She plays the heroine in Mr. Cecil
Raleigh's little play admirably, and her success comes at the
right moment, when everyone was beginning to despair about
the coming actress. Miss Featherstone certainly ought to be
employed in better work than the frivolous wives and
daughters of farcical comedy. She has been hidden for some
time, and now that she has been discovered, the best use should
be made of her talent.
•• Festina lente ” is a motto that has not been carefully
taken to heart by Mr. Richard Mansfield. He received a
courteous welcome and fair encouragement when he appeared
as the revolting monster Hyde in the very unpalatable drama
founded on Louis Stevenson's novel. It was confessed at the
time that the part of Dr. Jekyl, which, after all, was the true
acting test, could not compare with the groaning, mumbling,
and gesticulating Hyde ; and those who looked deeply into the
matter could not quite how if was that a young actor,
intelligent enough, but evidently of limited resource, could,
iu so short a time, bave obtained such an enormous
popularity in America. There was naturally an interest to see
Mr. Mansfield in another character, particularly as the old
Baron I)c Chevrial, in the “ Parisian Romance.” This was the
character that first made Mr. Mansfield notorious. One day
he suddenly found himself a star instead of a stock actor,
because he had given a vivid, minute, and realistic rendering
of the debauched old Parisian nobleman, a Sir Harcourt
Courtley of the latter part of the nineteenth century. His per¬
formance was said to be a surprise in art. Unfortunately, in
London it is looked at as no surprise at all. It is a leering
and offensive old gentleman, adorned with most of the
exaggerated tricks that made the wretch Hyde so very
objectionable. He can quite understand that the constant
playing of this man-monster has unbalanced Mr. Mansfield's
nice sense of art. Already he develops tricks and manoeuvres,
and forces his effects instead of suggesting them. The constant
falsetto, the wagging of the lower jaw, the mumbling maimer,
are cases in point. Nearly every detail is too highly coloured,
and the actor seems incapable of concealing his art.
That Mr. Mansfield is clever, daring, and observant cannot
be doubted. Bat. he has ns much to learn as to unlearn :
and certainly he is not strong enongh as an actor,
or finished enough as an artist, to come over here to
play the monsters of modem fiction at one of our most
important theatres, and with an indifferent American company.
All talent is welcome in England, bnt Mr. Mansfield is not
powerful enough as a star. We have seen in this country
Lafont, St. Germain, Got, and Regnier; we have claimed iu
similar kind of parts such strong actors of genius as Robson,
George Belmore, and Dominic Murray ; we have seen old men
played by William Farrcn, Alfred Bishop,and John Hare: but
it would be as sensible for either of these last, with Arthur
Cecil throwu in, to star in America, as for Mr. Mansfield to do
so here. In time to come, no doubt, he may be a great actor ;
bat at. present his art may be better explained as elaborate
artifice. It is unfinished, crude, and requires discretion and
discipline. It was an unfortunate mistake also to exhibit Mr.
Mansfield's company in a purely Parisian play, requiring style
and a grand manner. At the best, Octave Feuillet's '■ Roman
Parisien”is not a good play. Its sentiment is exaggerated :
its construction feeble ; its interest slight. To make matters
worse, it has been translated into inflated, silly, and "penny-
journal” language, and has been handed over
1 1 the tender mercies of interpreters, who are
doubtless very deserving people, but wholly
deficient in manner. Mr. Mansfield, who is an
excellent vocalist, would be well advised to try
•• Prince Karl.” The public, in these days of
aggravated horrors, show no disposition to take
delight in fiends like Hyde, or gross sensualists
l.ke this French Baron. We don’t want to see
innocent gentlemen done to death on the stage
by men-monsters; or the exhibition, however
clever, of a blasphemous death by a paralytic
seizure.
The diversity of opinion shown by critics
in the case of Mr. Richard Mansfield s acting
and of "The Monk's Room,” a new sombre
drama, written by a Mr. John Lart and pro¬
duced at the Globe, is a little startling. Some
people consider Mr. Mansfield a genius ; others
a clever entertainer. Some hold that Mr. Lart
has written a powerful play ; others that he
has wasted bis time over useless and morbid
material. But surely it will be conceded that
" The Monk's Room ” is a well-acted drama.
At last Mr. Willard has got out of the stereo¬
typed groove and widened the field of his art.
He can play the passionate lover as well as the
cynical villain. Mr. Hermann Vezin has seldom
acted better than as the grim old Socialist
whose god is humanity : and Miss Alma Murray
is evidently delighted with her artistic companions, and ably
seconds their efforts. The subject of ‘‘The Monk's Room"
may not be very cheerful, but, in its way and of its school, a
better acted play is not to be fonnd in London. It deserves
the attention of students of the art of acting.
Mr. and Mrs. Kendal, on the occasion of their benefit at
Manchester on Sept. 28, produced a new and original comedy
of strong interest by Mr. A. W. Pinero. It is called " 'Die
Weaker Sex,” and in its humorous scenes satirises the move¬
ment for granting the franchise to women, and amiably
laughs at the strong-minded female who makes speeches
and indulges in eccentric costume. Mr. Righton lias
been specially engaged for a funny little member of
Parliament under petticoat government, and makes every
clever line tell that be has to deliver. But, of course,
there is a serious side to the play. Mrs. Kendal is
seen at her very best as a proud, passionate, and deeply-
loving widow, who finds, to her horror, that her daughter has
engaged herself to the only man to whom the mother isdeeplv
attached. This powerful and sympathetic actress pours the
whole strength of her talent on the hopes, the fears, the dis¬
appointment and anguish of Lady Vivash ; but we fear that,
unless a bold alteration is made in the present deneftment, the
play will not prove acceptable in London. We shall see.
Meanwhile, it is an undeniably clever play, and it is excel¬
lently acted. Mr. Kendal, Miss Olga Brandon, Miss Fanny
Brongh, and Mr. Denison, all distinguish themselves in it: anil
it has been received with enthusiasm by Manchester
audiences.
The theatrical event of the week—unfortunately too late
in it to be described—was, of coarse, the production of the
new comic opera at the Savoy by Mr. W. S. Gilbert and Sir
Arthur Snllivan. Mr. Gilbert was at the last moment over-
rnled by his partners. He wanted to call the opera "The
Beefeater,” but it w-as held that in America they would not
understand the word and its proper significance. It was
argued that “Beefeater” would simply be taken for a nick¬
name for John Bull and not a Royal sideboard-man (buffetier).
So " The Yeoman of the Guard ” was substituted instead, for
this is the strict military term for a Tower Beefeater, who, by
the way, used to stand under the Royal box when the Queeii
used to go to opera or theatre in state. It was whispered in
advance that the play is in a far more serious vein than
usual, and treads upon the confines of grand opera. It
is sure to be amusing and wholesome ; and may Mr. Gilbert
have in store for us pages of jokes, and Sir Arthur Sullivan a
budget of melodies, that will keep the girls at the piano for
months to come ! We have waited long for a bright successor
to the “ Mikado" and to “ Ruddygore,” and it is pleasant to
think that the winter evenings will be brightened with the
last song and the choicest chorus from the “Yeoman of the
Guard."
So far the autumn plays have succeeded admirablv. Thtv
have been taming money away from Drury-Laue. where •• The
Armada” is going splendidly. Unluckily, Mr. Leonard
Boyne met with an accident: but both the authors are
actors, and Mr. Henry Hamilton, without a moment -, hesita-
elev rly Ut °' 1 ^ VyT)i “ and played the part very
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 0, 18S8.—397
BIRDS ON THE BASS ROCK.
Df TMK NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM, SOUTH 1
398
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 6, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BKSANT,
CHAPTER XXV.
ILMINSTER CLINK.
Tf CAN I tell—oh ! bow
y rim I sit clown to tell
J in cold blond the story
m < « r tmr °f uR thiit followed?
arT Some parts of it for
very pity I must pass
- over. All that has been
tolcl or written of the
Bloody Assize is most true,
mid yet not half thut
happened can be told.
There are things, I mean, which
the historian cannot, for the
sake of pity, decency, and eon.
idi ration for living people, re-
h.t , even if he hath seen them.
You who read the printed page
learn how in one place so many
hanged; in another plain so
i . how some were hung in gem-
so that at every cross-road
was a frightful gibbet with a
man on it; how some died of
■ i en ded prisons, and some of
Judge Jeffreys rode from town
t" town followed In gangs of miserable prisoners
driven uiier him to -land their trial in towns
where they would be known ; liow the wretched
sufferers were drawn nucl quartered and their limbs seethed in
pitch and stuck up over the whole country ; how the women
and boys of tender years were flogged through market,
towns -you, I say, who read these things on the cold page
presently (even if you he a stickler for the Right Divine,
and hold rebellion as a mortal sin) feel your blood to boil
with righteous wrath. The hand of the Lord was afterwards
heavy upon those who ordered these things; nay, at the
very time (this is a most remarkable Judgment and one little
known) when this inhuman Judge was thundering at his
victims—so that some went mad and even dropped down dead
with fear—he was himself, as Humphrey hath assured me,
suffering the most horrible pain from a Sire disease: so that
the terrors of his voice and of his fiery eyes were partly due to
the agony of his disease, and he was enduring all through that
Assize, in his own body, pangs greater than any that he
ordered! As for his miserable end, and the fate that overtook
his master, that we know; and candid souls cannot but eon-
fess that here were truly Judgments of God, visible for all to
Bee and acknowledge. But no pen can truly depict what the
eye saw and the ear heard during that terrible time. And,
think you, if it was a terrible and a wretched time for those
who had no relations among the rebels, and only looked on
and saw these bloody executions and heard the lamentations
of the poor women who lost their lovers or their husbands,
what must it have been for me, and those like me, whose
friends and all whom they loved—yea, all, all!—were over¬
whelmed in one common ruin and expected noticing but
death ?
Our own misery I cannot truly set forth. Sometimes the
memory of it comes back to me, and it is as if long afterwards
one should feel again the sharpness of the surgeon's knife.
Oh ! since I must write down what happened, let me be brief.
And you who read it, if you find the words cold where you
would have looked for fire ; if you find no tears where there
should have been weeping and wailing, remember that in the
mere writing have been shed again (but these you cannot see)
the tears which belonged to that time, and in the writing have
been renewed (but these you emmot hear) the sobbings and
wailings and terrors of that dreadful autumn.
The soldiers belonged to a company of Grenadiers of Tre-
lawny's Regiment, stationed at Ilminstcr, whither they carried
the prisoners. First they handcuffed Baruaby, but on his
giving his parole not to escape, they let him go free; and he
proved useful in the handling of the cart on which my un¬
happy father lay. And though the soldiers’ tulk was ribald,
their jests unseemly, and their cursing and swearing seemed
verily to invite the wrath of God, yet they proved honest
fellows in the main. They offered no rudeness to us, nor
did they object to our going with the prisoners; nay,
they even gave us bread and meat and cider from
their own provisions when they halted for dinner at
noon. Barnaby walked sometimes with the soldiers, and
sometimes with us ; with them he talked fre ly, and as if he
were their comrade and not their prisoner: with us he put m a
word of encouragement or consolation, such as “ Sfother, we
shall find a way out of this coil yet” ; or “Sister, we shall
cheat Tom Hangman. 1 -ook not so gloomy upon it”; or,
again, he reminded us that may a shipwrecked sailor gets safe
ashore, and that where there are so many they cannot hung all.
” Would the King," he asked, “ hang up the whole county of
Somerset ?” But he had already told me too much. In his
heart 1 knew he hud small hope of escape; yet he preserved
liia cheerfulness, and walked towards Ins prison (to outward
seeming; as insensible of fear and with as unconcerned a
countenance as if he were going to a banquet or a wedding.
This cheerfulness of his was due to a happy confidence in the
ordering of things rather than to insensibility. A sailor sees
nu n die in many ways, yet himself remains alive. This gives
him something of the disposition of the Oriental, who accepts
his fate with outward unconcern, whatever it may be. Perhaps
(I know not, there may have been in his mind that religious
Assurance of which he had told me. Did Barnaby at this period,
when death was very near unto him, really believe that there
was one religion for landsmen and another for sailors—one
way to h-aven for ministers, another for seamen? Indeed, I
cannot tell; yet how otherwise account for his courage and
cheerfulness at all times—even in the very presence of death ?
“ Brother,” he asked the Sergeant, “ we have been lying
hid for a fortnight, and have heard no news. Tell me how go
the hangings?”
“ Why, Captain,” the fellow replied with a grill, “ in this
respect there is little for the rebels to complain of. They
ought to be satisfied, so fur, with the attentions paid to them.
!s>rd Feverslmm hanged twenty odd to begin with. Captain
Adlan and three others are trussed up in chains for their
greater honour; and, in order to put the rest in good heart,
one of them ran a race with a horse, being promised his life if
he should win. When he had beaten the horse, his Lordship,
who was ever a merry man, ordered him to be hanged just to
laugh at him. And hanged he was.”
“Ay,” said Barnaby, “thus do the Indians in America
torture their prisoners first and kill them afterwards.”
” There are two hundred prisoners lying in Weston Zoyland
church," the Sergeant went on ; “ they would have been
hanged too, but the Bishop interfered. Now they ure waiting
• AU Hifhu Rum*.
to be tried. Lord! what signifies trial, except to give them
longer rope ? ”
” Ay, ay ; and how go things in Bridgwater and Taunton ?"
“ From Weston to Bridgwater there is a line of gibbets
already ; iu Taunton, twenty, I believe, have swung—twenty,
at least. The drums beat, the fifes played, and tin- trumpets
sounded, and Colonel Kirke drank to the health of every
man (such was lib condescension 1) before lie was turned oft.
'Twould have done your heart good, Captain, only to see the
brave show.”
“ Ay, ay," said Barnaby, unmoved ; “ very like, very like.
Perhaps I shall have the opportunity of pluying first part iu
anot her brave show if all goes well. Hath the Duke escaped ? "
” We heard yesterday that he is taken somewhere near the
New Forest. So that he will before long lay his lovely bead
upon the block. Captain, your friends have brought their
pigs to u pretty market.”
“They have. Brother; they have,” replied Iiarnaby, still
with unmoved countenance. “ Y'et muny u mnu hath recovered
from worse straits than these.”
I listened with sinking heart. Much I longed to ask if the
Sergeant knew aught of Robin; but I refrained, lest merely to
name him might put the soldiers on the look-out for him,
should he, happily, be iu hiding.
Next the Sergeant told us (whieh terrified me greatly) that
there was no part of the country where they were not scouring
for fugitives ; that they were greatly assisted by the clergy,
who, he said, were red-hot for King James ; that the men were
found hiding, as we had hidden, in linueys, in hedges, in bams,
in woods; that they were captured by treachery—by inform¬
ation laid, and even, most cruel thing of all, by watching and
following the men’s sweethearts who were found taking food
to them. He said also that, at the present rate, they would
have to enlarge their prisons to admit ten times their number,
for they were haling into them not only the men who had
followed Monmouth, but also those who had helped him with
money, arms, or men. The Sergeant was a brutal fellow, yet
there was about him something of good nature and even of
compassion for the men he had captured. But he seemed to
take delight iu speaking of the sufferings of the unfortunate
prisoners. The soldiers, he told us, were greatly enraged
towards the rebels—not, I suppose-, on account of their rebel¬
lion, because three years later they themse-lvcs showed how
skin-deep was their loyalty, but because the rustics, whom
they thought contemptible, had surprised and nearly beaten
them. And this roused in them the spirit of revenge.
“Captain,” said the Sergeant, ”'tis pity that so lusty a
gentleman os thou shouldst die. Hast thou no friends at
Court? No? Nor any who would speak for thee? ’Tis pity.
Yet a man can die but once. With such a thick neck as thine,
bespeak, if so much grace be accorded thee, a long rope and
a high gallows. Else, when it comes to the quartering ”—he
stopped and shook lus head—“ but there—I wish you well out
of it, Captain.”
In the evening, just before sunset, we arrived at Ilminster,
after a sad and weary march of ten miles, at least; but we
could not leave the prisoners until we knew how and where
they were bestowed ; and during all this time my mother, who
commonly walked not abroad from one Sabbath to the next,
was possessed with such a spirit that she seemed to feel no
weariness. When we rode all night in older to join the Duke
she complained not; when we rode painfully across the hills
to Taunton she murmured not; nor when we carried our
wouuded man up the rough and steep comb; no, nor on this
day, when she walked beside her liusband's head, careful
lest the motion of the cart should cause him pain. But he
felt nothing, poor soul! He would feel nothing any more.
Ilminster is a goodly town, rich and prosperous with its
spinners and weavers. This evening, however, there was no
one in the streets except the troopers, who swaggered up and
down or sat drinking at the tavern door. There is a broad
open place before the market, which stands upon great
stone pillars. Outside the market is the Clink, Whither the
soldiers were taking their prisoners. The troopers paid not
the least heed to our mournful little procession—a wouuded
man ; a prisoner iu searlet and lace, but the cloth tattered and
stained and the luce tom. They were only two more men ou
their way to death. What doth a soldier care for the sight of
a man about to die?
“Mother,” said Barnaby, when we drew near the Prison
gates, “come not within. I will do all that 1 can for
him. Go now and find a decent lodging, and Sister, hark
ye, the lads iu our army were rough, but they were as lambs
compared with these swaggering troopers. Keep snug, there¬
fore, and venture not far abroad.”
I whispered iu his car that I had his bag of money safe,
so that he could have whatever he wanted if that could be
bought. Then the Prison gates were closed, and we stood
without.
It would have been hard indeed if the wife and daughter
of Dr. Comfort Eykin could not find a lodging among godly
people, of whom there are always many in every town of
Somerset. AVe presently obtained a room in the house of one
Martha Prior, widow of the learned and pious Joshua Prior,
whilom preacher and ejected minister. Her ease was as hard
as our own. This poor woman had two sons only, and both had
gone to join the Duke: one already risen to he a Master Serge-
maker, and one a Draper, of the town. Of her sons she could
hear no news at all: whether they were alive or dead. If they
were already dead, or if they should be hanged, she would
have no means of support, and so must starve or eat the bread
of charity. (I learned afterwards that she never did hear any¬
thing of them, so that it is certain that they must have been
killed on the battle-field or cut down by the dragoons in trying
to escape. But the poor soul survived not long their loss.)"
The church of Ilminster stands upon a rising ground; on
the north of the church is the grammar school, and on the other
three sides are houses of the better sort, of which Mrs. Prior had
one. The place, which surrounds the churchyard, and hath no
inn or ale-house in it, is quiet and retired. The soldiers came
not thither, except once or twice, with orders to search the houses
(and with a private resolution to drink everything that they
might lay their hands upon). so that, for two poor women in our
miserable circumstances, we could not huve a more quiet
lodging.
Despite our troubles, I slept so well that night that it was
jiast seven in the morning when I awoke. The needs of
the body do sometimes overcome the cares of the spirit. For
a whole fortnight had we been making our beds on the
heather, and, therefore, without taking off our clothes; and
that day we bad walked ten miles, at least, with the soldiers,
so that I slept without moving or waking all the night. In
the morning I dressed quickly and hurried to the jail, not
knowing whether I might be admitted or should be allowed
speech of Barnaby. Outside the gate, however, I found a
crowd of people going into the prison and coming out of it.
Some of them, women like ourselves, were weeping—they were
those whose brothe rs or lovers, husbands or sons, were iii those
gloomy walls. Others there were who brought, for such of the
prisoners as had money to buy them, eggs, butter, white bread,
chickens, fruit, and all kinds of provisions; some brought
wine, eider, and ale; some, tobacco. The warders who stood
at the gates made no opposition to those who would enter. I
pressed in with u beating heart, prepared for a scene of the
most dreadful repentance and gloomy forebodings. What I
saw was quite otherwise-.
Tlu- gates of the prison opened upon a courtyard, not very
big, where the people were selling their waves, and some of the
prisoners were walking about, and sonic were chaffering with
llu- women who had the baskets. On the right hand side of
the yard was the Clink itself; on the left hand were houses
for the warders or officers of the prison. In general a single
warder, constable, or hcadborough is enough for a town
such as Ilminster, to keep the peace of the prison, which is for
the most part empty, save when they enforce some new Act
against Nonconformists and fill it with them or with Quakers.
Now, however, so great was the press that, instead of two,
there were a dozen guards, and, while a stout cudgel hud
always been weapon enough, now every man went armed with
pike and cutlass to keep order and prevent escapes. Six of
them occupied the gate-house ; other six were within, in a sort
of guard-house, where they slept on the left hand of the court.
The ground floor of the Clink we found to be a large
room, at least forty feet each side in bigness. On one side of
it was a great fireplace, where, though it was the mouth of
July, there was burning a great fire of Welsh coal, partly for
cooking purposes, because all that the prisoners ate was cookc d
at this fire ; and partly because n great file kept continually
burning sweetens the air, and wards off jail fever. On another
side was a long table and several benches. Thick wooden
pillars supported the joists of the rooms above; the windows
were heavily barred, but the shutters had been taken clown, and
there was no glass in them. Iu spite of fire and open windows,
the place was stifling, and smelt most horrible. Never have 1
breathed so foul an air. There lived in this room about eighty
prisoners (later on the numbers were doubled); some were
smoking tohac-eo and drinking eider or ale; some were frying
pieces of incut or smoked herrings over the fire ; and the
tobacco, the ale, the wine, tin; cooking, and the people them¬
selves—nearly all country lads, unwashed, who had slept since
Sedgemoor, at least, iu the same clothes without once changing—
made so foul an air that jail fever, putrid throats, and small¬
pox (all of which afterwards broke out) should have beeu
expected sooner.
They were all talking, laughing, and even singing, so that,
in addition to the noisome stench of the place, there was such
a din as one may hear at Sherborne Fair of an evening. 1
expected, as I have said, a gloomy silence with the rattling
of chains, the groans of those who looked for death, and,
perhaps, a godly repentance visible upon every countenance.
Vet they were all laughing, except a few who sat retired and
who were wounded. I say that they were all laughiug. They
had nothing to expect but death, or at the best to be horribly
flogged, to be transported, to be fined, branded, and ruined.
Y'et they laughed ! What means this hardness and indifference
in men ? Could they not think of the women they had left at
home ? I warrant that none of them were laughing.
Among them—a pipe of tobacco in his Ups and a mug of
strong ale before him on the table, his hat flung backwards—
sat Barnaby, his face showing, apparently, complete satis¬
faction with his lot.
When he saw us at the door, he rose and came to meet us.
“AVelcome,” he said. “This is one of the places where
King Monmouth’s men are to receive the honour due to them.
Courage, gentle hearts. Be not cast down. Everywhere the
prisons are full, and more are brought in every day. Our very
numbers are our safety. They cannot hang us aU. And
hark! ” here he whispered, “ Sister, we now know that Colonel
Kirke hath been selhng pardons at ten pounds, twenty pounds,
and thirty pounds apiec e. YVherefore we are well assured that
somehow or other we shall be able to buy our release. Thera
are plenty besides Colonel Kirke who wiU sell a prisoner his
freedom.”
“ Where is your father ? ” asked my mother.
“He is bestowed above, where it is quieter, except for the
groaning of the wouuded. Go up-stairs, and von will find him.
And there is a surprise for you, besides. Y'ou will find with
him one you little expect to see.”
“ Oh ! Barnaby, iB there new misery for me ? Is Robin a
prisoner? ”
“ Robin is not here, Sis; and as for misery, why, that is as
you take it. To be sure the man above is in prison, but no
harm will happen to him. Why should it ? He did not go out
with Monmouth’s men. But go up-stairs—go up-stairs— and see
for yourselves.”
CHAPTER XXVI.
SIR CHRISTOPHER.
I know not whom I expected to find in consequence of
Bamaby’s words, as we went up the dark and dirty stairs
which let to the upper room. Robin was not a prisoner.
Why—then—but 1 know not what 1 thought, all being strange
auddreadful.
At the top of the stairs we found ourselves in a room of the
same size as the lower chamber, but not so high, and darker,
being a gloomy place indeed, insomuch that it was not for
some minutes that one could plainly discern tilings. It was
lighted by a low, long window, set very close with thick bars,
the shutters thrown open to that all the light and air possible
to he admitted might come in. It had a great fireplace, but
there was no fire burning, and the air of the room struck raw,
though outside it was a warm and sunny day. The roof was
supported, as in the room below, by means of thick square
pillars, studded with great nails set close together, for what
purpose I know not. Every part of the woodwork in the room
was in the same way stuck full of nails. On the floor lay half
a score mattresses, the property of those who could afford
to pay the warders an exorbitant fee for the luxury. At
Ilminster, as, I am told, at Newgate, the chief prison of the
country, the same custom obtains of exacting heavy fees from
the poor wretches clapped into ward. It is, I suppose, no sin
to rob the criminal, the debtor, the traitor, or the rebel. For
those who had nothing to pay there were only a few bundle*
of straw, and on these were lying half a dozen wretches, whose
white faces and glazed eyes showed that they would iudei d
cheat Tom the Hangman', though not in the way that Barnaby
hoped. These were wounded either in the Sedgemoor fight or
iu their attempt to escape.
My father lay on a pullet bed. His face showed not the
least change; liis eyes were closed, and you would have
thought him dead ; and beside him, also on a pallet, sat, to
my astonishment, none other than Sir Christopher himself.
He rose and came to meet us, smiling sadly.
“ Madam,” he said, taking my mother's hand, “ we meet
iu a doleful place, and we are, indeed, in wretched plight.
I cannot bid you welcome; I cannot say that l am glad to see
you. There is nothing that I can sar of conifoit or of hope,
except, which you know already, that we are always in the
hands of the Lord.”
“Sir Christopher,” said my mother, “it was kind and
neighbourly in you to come. But you were always his best
friend. Look at his poor white face !" she only thought upon
her husband. “Y'ou would think him dead! More than a
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 6, 1888.
V
400
OCT. fi, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
fortnight he high lain thus- motionless. I think lie feels no
pain. Husband, if thou enlist linn- me. make some sign - if it
be but to oih -11 one eye: No!” she cried. " I lav alter dav
liave I thus entreated him mul ho makes no answer! lie
neither sees nor heirs! Vet he doth not die: wherefore 1
think that he may yet rerover speech and sit up again, and
presently, perhaps, walk about, and address himself again
unto his studies.”
She waited not for any answer, but knelt down beside him
and poured some drops of milk into the month of the si, k
man. .Sir Christopher looked at her mournfully and shook his
head.
Then he turned to me, and kissed me without saving a
word.
" <>h ! Sir,” I cried, ” how could you know that my father
would be brought unto this place f AVith what goodness of
heart have von come to our help ! "
" Nay, Child,” he replied gravely, “ I came because I had
no choice but to come, l.ike your father aud your brother,
Alice, I am a prisoner.”
” You, Sir? Von a prisoner? Whv, you were not with the
Huke.”
“That is most true. And yet a prisoner. Why, after the
news of Sedgcmoor fight I looked for nothing else.' They tried
to nrrest Mr. Speke, but he has fled; they have loeked up Mr.
Pridcuux, of Ford Al.bev ; Mr. Trenelia'rd lias retired aeross
the seas. Why should they pass me over ? Nay. there were
abundant proofs of my zeal for the Duke. My grandson aud
my grandnephew had joined the rebels. Your father and
brother rode over to Lvme on my horses : with my grandson
rode off a dozen lads of the village. Wliat more could they
want ? Moreover, I am an old soldier of Cord Essex's armv;
and, to finish, they found in the window-seat a com- of
Monmouth’S Declaration-which, indeed, I had forgotten',’or 1
might have destroyed it.”
“Alas! alas ! ” 1 cried, wringing my hands. “ Your Honour,
n prisoner! ”
Since the Sergeant spoke to Bnmnby about the interest of
friends, I had been thinking that Sir Christopher, whose power
and interest, I fondly thought, must be eipiul to those of any
laird in the land, would interpose to save us all. And lie was
now a prisoner himself, involved in the common ruin ! One
who stands upon a bridge and sees with terror the last support
carried away by the raging Hood feels such despair as fell upon
my soul.
’ ”(th ! Sir,” I cried again. “It is Cine upon I.inc-Woe
upon Woe! ”
lie took mv hand in his, and held it tenderly.
" Mv child,” he said, " to an old man of seveuf v-fivo what
doth it'matter whether he die in hi* bed cut Whether he 'be
upon a scaffold? Through the pains of death, as through a
gate, we enter upon our rest.”
“It is dreadful! ” I cried again. ” I cannot endure it ! ’
“The shame mid ignominy of this dentil,” he said, “1
shall, I trust, regard lightly.' We have struck a blow for
Freedom aud for Faith. Well: we have been suffered to
fail. The time hath not yet come. Yet, in the end, others
shall carry on the Cause, and Religion shall prevail. Shall we
murmur who have been Hod's instruments? ”
“ Alas ! alas! " I cried again.
“To me, sweet child, it is not terrible to contemplate my
end. But it is sad to think of thee, and of thy grave anil
bitter loss. Hast thou heard news of ltobin and of
Humphrey ? ”
“ Oh, Sir!—are they, also, in prison—they are here ? ”
“No; but I have news of them. I have a letter brought
to me but yesterday. Read it, my child, read it.”
He pulled the letter out of his pocket and gave if to me.
Then I read aloud, aud thus it ran:—
“ Honoured Sir aud Grandfather,
“lam writing this letter from the Prison of Exeter, where,
with Humphrey and about two hundred or more of our poor
fellows, I am laid by the heels, and shall so continue until we
shall all be tried.
“ It is rumoured that Lord Jeffreys will comedown to trvus,
and wc are assured by report that the King shows himself re¬
vengeful, and is determined that there shall be no merry shown.
After Sedgcmoor light they hanged, as you will have heard,
many of the prisoners at Weston Znylnnd, lit Bridgwater, and
at Taunton, without trial. If the King continue in this dis¬
position it is very certain that, though the common sort may
lie forgiven, the gentlemen and those who were officers in tin-
rebel army will certainly not escape. Therefore 1 have no
hope but to conclude my life upon the gallows—a thing which,
I confess, 1 had never looked to do. But I hope to meet my
fntc with eournge and resignation.
“ Humphrey is with me, and it is some comfort (though I
know not why) that wo shall stand or fall together: for if I
was a Captain in the army he was a Chyrurgcon. That he
was also ti secret agent of the exiles, and that he stirred up
the Duke’s friends on his way from London to Sherborne, Unit
they know not, or it would certainly go hard with him. Wind
do I say? Since they will hang him, things cannot very well
go harder.
“When the fight was over, and the Duke and laird Grey
fled, there was nothing left but to escape as best we might.
I hope that some of the Bradford lads will make their way
home in safety : they stood their ground and fought valiantly.
Nav, if we hall been'able to arm all who volunteered and would
have enlisted, and if our men laid all shown such a spirit as
your valiant lads of Bradford (Jrcas, then, I say, the enemy
must have been flit to pieces.
•• When we had no choice left but to run, I took the road to
Bridgwater, intending to ride back to that place, where, per¬
haps, our forces might be rallied. But this proved Impel, -s.
There I found, however, Humphrey, and we resolved Halt the
safest plan would Is- to ride bv way of Tin niton and Ex. ter,
leaving la-hind us the great body of the King's army, and s,i
escape to London if possible, where wc should certainly iiud
hiding-places in plenty until the pursuit should be at an
end. Our plan was to travel along bvwavs and bridle¬
paths, and that liy liigld only, haling by day in barns,
linneys. null the like. We had money for the. charge* of our
journey, Humphrey would truvcl us a physician returning to
London from the West as soon ns we had gotten out of the in¬
surgents’ country; I was to be his servant. Thus we arranged
the mutter in our minds, uiul already I thought that we wen-
safe, and in hiding somewhere in London, or across the sea* in
the I-ow Countries again.
“ Well, to make short my story, we got no further than
Exeter, where wc were betrayed by a rascal countryman who
recognised us, caused us to be arrested, and swore to us.
Thereupon wc were clapped into jail, where we now lie.
“Hon'd Sir: Humphrey. I am sorry to write, is much
ca*t down, not because he dreads death, which he doth not,
anymore than to lie upon hi* bed; but because In-bulb, la¬
sers, drawn so iniiuv to tla ir ruin. He numbers me among
those : though, indeed, it wa* none of his doing, but by my own
free will, that I entered «gon this bii-im-ss. which, contrary to
reasonable cspectuti. belli turned nut so ill Win r- luiv.
dear Sir, since there i* no one in the world whose opinion and
counsel Humphrey so greatly considers as your own, I pray
von, of your goodness, send him some words of consolation
and cheer.”
‘•That will I, right readily,” said Sir Chrlstoplu-r. “At
least the poor lad cannot accuse himself of dragging me into
tin-Clink.”
“I hear," continued Robin’s letter, “that my mother
hath gone with .Mr. Boscorel to London, to learn if aught can
be done for u.«. If she do not return before we are finished,
bid her think kindlv of Humphrey and not to lav these things
to his charge. As for mv dear girl, mv Alice, I hear nothing of
her. Miss Blake, who led the Maids when they gave the Hags
to the Duke, is, 1 hear, clapped into prison. Alice is not
spoken of. I Hill grcntlv perturbed in spirit concerning her,
and I would gladly, if that might be compassed, have speech
with her before I die. I fear she will grieve and weep ; but
not more than 1 myself at leaving litr. poor maid! I hear,
also, nothing concerning her father, who was red hot for the
Cause, and therefore, I fear, will not be passed over or for¬
gotten. Nor do I hear aught of Burnaby, who, 1 hope, hath
escaped on shipboard, as lie said that he should do if things
went ajar. Where ore they all ? The roads are covered with
rough men, and it is not fit. for such as Alice and her mother to
lie travelling. I hope that they have returned in safety to Brad¬
ford Oreas. and that my old master. Dr. Eykin, hath forgotten
his zeal for the Protestant Duke, and is already seated again
among his books. If that is so, tell Alice, Honoured Kir, that there
is no hour of the dav or night but I think of her continually ;
that the chief pang of mv approaching fate is the thought that
I shall leave Iter in sorrow, and that 1 cannot say or do any¬
thing to stay her sorrow. Comfort her I cannot, save with
words which will route better from the saintly lips of her father.
I again pray thee to assure her of my faithful love. Tell her
that the recollection of her sweet face and steadfast eyes fills
me with so great a longing that 1 would fain die at once so as
to bring nearer the moment when we shall be able to sit
together in heaven. My life hath been glorified, if I may
say so in humility, by her presence in my heart, which drove
away all common and unclean things. Of such strength is
cartiilv love. Nay, I could not, I now perceive, be happy even
with the jovs of heaven if she were not by my side. Where is
she, my heart, my love ? Pray God, she is in" safety.
“ And now, Sir, I have no move to stty. The prison is a hot
and recking place ; at night it is hard to bear the foulness and
the stem'll of it. Humphrey says that we may shortly expect,
some jail fever or smallpox" to break out among us, in wliieh
ease the work of the Judges may be lightened. The good
people of this ancient city are in no way afraid of the King’s
vindictiveness, but send"in of rinir bounty (piantity of pro¬
visions—fruit, eggs, fresh meat, salted meat, ale, and eider—
every day for the poor prisoners, Wliieh shows which way tlieir
opinions' do lean, even although the clergy are against us.
Honoured Kir, 1 am sure and certain that the miscarriage of
our enterprise was caused bv the conduct of those who hud us
in hand. In a year or two there shall be seen (but not by us)
multilist uprising ; under another leader with another end.
"So no more. I send to tliee. dear and Honoured Sir, my
bouuden duty and my grateful thanks for all that 1 owe to
your tender care and affection. Play my mother, for me, to
mourn no more for me titan is becoming to one of her piety
and virtue.
“Aina! it is thinking upon her, and upon my poor lost
Alice, that my heart is wcllnigh tom in pieces. But (tell
Humphrey) through no fault— no—through no fault of his.
“ From thy dutiful and obedient grandson,—R. C.”
I read tliis all‘through. Then I folded up the letter and
returned it to Kir Christopher. As lie took it,, the tears came
into his dear find venerable eyes and rolled down liis cheeks.
"My dear -my dear,” he said, "it is laird to bear. Every¬
one will) is dear to thee will go ; there is alt end of all; unless
some way, of which we know nothing, be opened unto us.”
“ Why,” I said, “ if we were all dead and buric.l, and our
souls together iu heaven ”-
“ Patience, mv dear,” said the old mail.
“ Oh ! must tl'iev all die—all ? My heart will burst! Oil !
Kir, will not one suffice for nil ? Will they not take me mitt
hang me, and let the rest go free ? ”
“ Child,” he took mv hand between his own, “God knows
that if one life would suffice for all it should be mine. Nav, I
would willingly die ten times over to save thv Robin for tin e.
He is not dead yet, however. Nor is he sentenced. There me
so many involved that we may hope for a large measure of
mercy. Nnv, more, llis mother hath gone to London, ns lie
says iu his letter, with my son-in-law, Philip Boscorel, to sec
if aught rail be dime, even to the selling of my whole estate, to
procure the enlargement of the Imvs. I know not if auvtliing
can be dime, but be assured l'li'ilip Boscorel will leave no
stone unturned.”
“ Oh ! can money buy a pardon ? 1 have two hundred gold
pieces. They are Bamaby’s”-
“Then, my dear, they must be used to buy pardon for
Bumabv and thv father—though 1 doubt whether any pardon
need be bought for one who is brought so low.”
Beside the bed mv mother sat crouched, watching his white
face as she had dnne'all dav long in our hiding-place. 1 think
she heeded nothing that went on around her, being wrapped iu
her hopes mid pravers for the wounded titan.
Then Kir Christopher kissed me gently on the forehead.
“ They say the King is unforgiving, my dear. P.xpeet not,
therefore, anything. Say to thyself, every morning, that all
must die. To know the' worst brings with it something of
eons ilulion. Robin must die, Humphrey inu.-t die, your
brother Barmibv miisl die. visit® hither-but lie is well-
nigh dead already— mid I li'iveclf, nil must die upon the
scaffold if we e-r ape this noisome jail. In thinking flii*,
remember who will lie left. Mv dear, if thou art as a
willow and v.-t a maiden. I charge tin e solemnly that Hum
found finite own private griefs mid minister to Hio e who will
have nolle 1ml tliee to help them. Live not lor tlivself lmt to
console and solace those who. like thvsclt bereaved, will need
thv tender cares.”
.M
The preachers on Sunday mornings at ten o'clock at Vest -
minster Alilicy during October are :—On Sunday, the 7th. tlie
Rev. Edwin Price. Minor Canon : Sunday, the i 1th, the Hon.
and Rev. E. Carr Glyn. Vicar of Kensington : Sunday, the 21st,
the Rev. Professor Bonne.v, F.R.S. ; Sunday, the JSth.the Itcv.
I>r. Trontbeck. Canon Duckworth, as Canon in Residence,
preaches each Sunday afternoon at three o’clock.
POSTACE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
OCTOBER fi. isss.
Siihsrrilxn’.- will iiR-hh 1 l«' that cnpW <*f lhi* wcckV nunibor forward
aLrmul must hi* prepaid acror.liiii: to the following liitts : To Canada,
rutinl state.* of America, amt till' whole of Kurojie. TllUK Edition.
TirnjH no -itniffu ,nnj ; Tmx Edition, u,„ /*, ,11,11. To Australia. I 5 mz.ll,
Chjk* of lion- 1 Hope. China i via I'nited .him:lien, Mauritius, ami
New Zealand. T11 f» K Edition, 7V»/•*< /-,h.v ; Thin Edition. Oar /*<#;«//.
To China < via Hi iii li-i \ India, and Java. TllW'K Edition, Fowjh iu* -
N'*’.v*p„p. i> fi.i- foi'ei.'i, part* uui-t he j-Med wiihiu enrht days of the
dale of pithheaiioti, lrivsifctivc of lbc*<6 nurturi of the mail?.
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
OUR MONTHLY LOOK ROUND.
As most of my readers are aware, certain plants—and certain
animals as well, for that matter—possess extraordinary powers
of survival after being dried and desiccated. The - Rose of
Jericho” illustrates such a case of physiological revival, after
drying, under the application of water: and one of the
Kelaginella tribe, known as the “ Resurrection plant,” has long
been famous for like properties. Jn a dry atmosphere it curls
np into a ball-like form, while in moist surroundings it expands.
In the “ Rose of Jericho ” the curling up of the plant appears
useful as a protection to the seeds under conditions unfavour¬
able to their vitality. The plant in its curled condition is blown
along by the wind, and the seeds are in this way dispersed
over the earth's surface. The •• Resurrection plant," however,
simply preserves a high vitality through the conservation of its
moisture in its contracted shape. M. Da Sablon has enabled
us to understand more clearly than before, the mechanism of
snch plant-movements. In the upper parts of the steins, the
plant possesses a layer of strong cells, possessing very thick
walls. Inside these cells is contained living matter or
protoplasm, which, by tho thickness of the cell-walls, is pro¬
tected from injurious changes of temperature. When dryness
supervenes, these thick cells contract much more rapidly and
strongly than the cells below, with the result that the plant-
structures of which they form part are made to curl up in the
familiar fashion. Safely protected in the cells, the living
protoplasm resists the drying influences ; and when moisture
gains access to its cells, the “ Resurrection plant ” assumes its
natural shape.-
My friend Dr. B. W. Richardson has been experimenting
on certain interesting patients with reference to the action of
certain drugs on their constitution. The patients in question
were the curious little fresb-water jelly-fishes which inhabit
the warm water of the tropical tank in the Royal Botanic
Gardens, Regent's Park. These jelly-fishes were discovered in
1880 by Mr. Sowerby, and represent the first of their lace
which have been found inhabiting fresh water. The biggest
specimens measure about lialf-an-inch in diameter ; and those
of my readers who may be interested in the history of these
curious Medusae may be referred to tlic account given of them
by Mr. Sowerby and by my respected teacher, the veteran
Professor Allman.
Dr. Richardson, struck by tlie fact that these jelly-fishes
present us with the simplest stage of development of nervous
and muscular systems, proposed to note the effect upon them
of active medicinal substances. It seems a -‘ far cry ” from a
small jelly-fish to a man ; hut the acts of the former, in a close
measure, resemble those actions which, iu man, are performed
independently of the will. Hence Dr. Richardson proposed to
discover, perchance, by experiment on tho Medusa-, the effects
produced on hnmau involuntary fibres by the administration
of the drugs employed in the case of the jelly-fishes. Some of
his results are extremely interesting. Chloroform acts on tho
Medusa as on man. There is preliminary excitement, then a
convulsive stage, then insensibility, and finally, if the experi¬
ment is pnrsnetl further, death. Chloroform seems to act first
of all, not on the brain, but on the nerves and centres
regulating involuntary movements. A substance called
nitrita of amyl (now largely used for tho relief of certain
forms of heart disease) also seems, alike in man aud in
Medusa-, to act primarily upon the nerves controlling such
involuntary actions as those of heart, lungs, ,kc. Ether, well-
known as an abolisher of consciousness, appeared, curiously
enough, to exercise but little effect on the jelly-fishes. You
can, in fact, make one of these little Medusa: insensible with
ether, and in a few hours it recovers and swims about as lively
as ever. These experiments demonstrate that even the gela¬
tinous frame of a jelly-fish shows its own and distinctive
peculiarities with reference to the action of drugs.
Few of my readers, save those whose tastes or professions
lead them directly into the heart of science-stndies, probably
possess any notion of what has of late years been done in the
investigation of extinct and fossil forms of quadruped life. The
late British Association meeting recalls to mind the researches
in which, notably. Professors Marsh, Cope, and Leidv, of
America, have been engaged for years past in this matter of
the fossil mammals. To-day. quadrupeds appear to be arranged
liy Nature in very distinct and characteristic groups. The
Zoological Society's Gardens, in fact, illustrate this remark to
the full. Camels'elephants, lions, rhinoceroses, giraffes, horses,
dogs, deer, and so on, represent distinct orders of the
quadruped class. Yet what seems clear enough in tlic
constitution of living quadrupeds, is much altered when
we place their fossil and extinct neighbours in re¬
lation to them. The extinct mammals which American
science has unearthed mostly unite in themselves the
characters of two or more of the living orders. If we could
obtain a perfect series of the fossil quadrupeds, therefore, it
would seem as though they would serve in a very striking
fashion to join and link together the groups of living quad¬
rupeds which, regarded bv us to-dav, appear to be so thoroughly
distinct and diverse in character. '
Tlic storyteller of the present day is certainly becoming
more ami more scientific in his plots and treatment of liis
details. One can hardlv open a volume of fiction iiow-a-ila.' s
without discovering that the author lias selected some scien¬
tific fact or problem as the keynote of his theme. The late
Hugh IVinwnv. in his Called Back." was one of the first
to Utilise science as a basis for fiction. In his ease mental
phvsiolngv. in the shape of the effects of shock in abolishing
and in restoring the memory, served as Hie central point nt
the romance just named. Later writers have drawn still more
largely on the field of medical science. In a recent tale the
incident of a physician who succeeds, by some as yet unheard
of powers, in uniting the head and frame of a guillotined
criminal, is made to do duty with ghastly lmt graphic elicit..
Those who delight in the more pleasant romance of science,
made notable by Jules Verne, may be recommended to read a
new volume entitled " A Strange Manuscript found in a Copper
Cylinder.” The author's description of extinct geological
monsters as they might have appeared in the flesh arc accurate
and interesting in the extreme.
The odours given off by various animals are often of n
notable kind, 'i here is a cuttle-fish which emits a strong odour
of musk, and certain species of alligators resemble the cuttle¬
fish in this respect. The musk-deer, of course, will be recalled
to mind with its scent-ponch : while the skunk is fnnlr
nrinrriM in tlie way of disagreeable secretions. Ihe latest
addition to this field of researcit is Professor Meldola sdiseovety
that a male moth f Ifrrminin) secretes a substance in its trout
legs, which is apparently similar to the artificial essenc -of
jargonelle pear. This curious fact is paralleled by the recital
tluit some Kouth American male butterflies emit the scent ot
vanilla. A-ndiiuw Wilson.
dttrtu*
7 power*
“R«e of
nl,»fte,
e of the
1m long
fe it curls
t«VMKll
“*Ppe»i»
nnfarrar.
oi» blown
■.ii*petsrf
however,
itionof if,
u eniblul
lonism of
stems. He
Wry thick
mutter or
Us, is pre¬
en linens
wspidlv and
tie plnni.
1 «pin the
the living
m moistnre
Menmesiu
*rimeiiting
he action of
in question
lich inhibit
jal Botnnic
inootertilin
f their iu*
Tbe biggest
•; and those
ory of these
ven of them
the veteran
! jelly-fishes
t of nervous
upon them
cry" from a
cr, in a close
•e performs!
proposed to
e, the effects
Iministration
i acts on the
nent. then a
f theesperi-
i; to act first
and centres
once called
;f of certain
man and in
foiling such
I Ether, well-
W, curiously
[lishes. Von
Lsutns lively
In the pi’la-
I distinctive
| profs s'i'io
|s. pmliabij
Klimc in lb'
Id life. The
!i«d‘
■Tapp;
“logical
t J
of >
clour
oitle
-ailed
front
c;iJ
cital
it of
EARLY ANNALS OF THE AUSTRALIAN
COLONIES.
On entering the city of Melbourne, with its tunny miles of
broad, well-paved streets, its handsome rows of shops, stately
banks, and large public buildings, its far-stretching suburbs,
railways and tramways, its crowded reads and footpaths, its
liar hours, wharves, and shipping, its world-wide commerce and
never-ceasing traffic, the stranger is filled with wonder. Is it
possible, he asks himself, that here, where all that society
can demand, with every luxury that science can design, or art
construct, is abundantly provided, only a single generation has
come and gone since these long upsweeping hills were grass-
grown and forest-clad, peopled by a few scattered tribes of
wandering, restless, half-starved, lazy, dirty, naked savages,
homeless, and miserably degraded by superstitions terrors,
distrust, and fear?
How this great Australian city grew from what it was to
what it is, through what phases of infancy and insignificance,
and despite what drawbacks, difficulties, and dangers, is a most
interesting story, although its years are so few. But .t is a
story that intensifies the pride of its present greatness, and
makes us marvel the more. What it was about forty years
since may still be seen, over and over again, in varions parts of
the colonies, in obscure townships, where a few little wooden
cottages are dotted about here and there, amidst huts and
hovels, few and far apart, where the brood, empty streets, all
duly planned and named, run at right angles, roughly fenced
in with posts and rails, but not otherwise distinguishable from
bush or forest.
Melbourne is the younger sister of Sydney, whom she has
qnickly outgrown ; but it is seemly that the representatives
of all the Australian colonies, and of Tasmania and Sew
Zealand, should have assembled in 1888, at Melbourne, to
commemorate, by the opening of the International Exhibition,
In the meantime settlements had been
formed at Hobart Town, in Van Diemen’s
Land, now called Tasmania; in West
Australia, np the Swan River, by Captain
Stirling and others; in Moreton Bay, on
the coast north of New South Wales, now
styled Queensland: at Adelaide, South
Australia, and at Port Philip. A11 these
settlements ultimately became separate
colonies, independent of New South Wales.
The commencement of colonial prosperity,
in the mother colony, was due to the intro¬
duction of the merino breed of sheep by
Sly. John Macarthur, in Governor King’s
time, for the prodnetion of the finest
wool. This attracted settlers with capital,
the old class of “ squatters," to whom large
tracts of land were allotted for pasture,
and to whom the convicts were bound in
service. This system was continued more
than forty years, under the New South
Wales Government, and its effects on the
agrarian condition of some parts of
Australia have scarcely yet been entirely
removed. Under Governor Sir Charles
Fitzroy, from 18111 to 1855, the free citizens
of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania,
and Sonth Australia carried on a successful
agitation to put an end to the transporta¬
tion of convicts into these colonics; while
the land laws have been made favourable
to the easy purchase of small freeholds I y
agricultural immigrants, putting an ci d
to the old “ squatter " system.
The history of New South Wales, which I
_ is the early history of I
■ Australian colonisation, is I
lull of stirring incidents
mid vieissitndesof fortune.
Not the least interesting
I part of such history, with
I reference to all the Ans- I
Indian colonies, is that of
the adventurous cxplnreis
of vast inland regions ; I
such men as Wentworth, I
I Lawson, and Blaxland,
Oxh-y and Hamilton
Hume. Unveil and Cun¬
ningham (the botanist),
Sturt. Barker. Mitchell.
(irey. Eyre. I.eicldiart.
Burke and Wills. Gritnis,
11: ant. and ■ -i hers. Jt was I
by the journey of Hume
I and Hovell overland from
I New South Wales, in 1824, and subsequently
by those of Major Mitchell, from 1831 to
I 183(1. that the fine, country at first named
I "Australia Felix,” the inland part of the
I present Colony of Victoria, was made known.
I The shore of Port Phillip, indeed, had been
long before visited, and an abortive attempt
I had been made to establish a penal station
there; hut the actual opening of a settlement in
the Port Phillip district fell to Messrs. Henry,
who came over to Portland from Tasmania
in 1834 Ollier pastoralists speedily followed ;
ami Bateman, a nativeof Paramatta, and John
1’a-eoc Fawkner. became the pioneers of trade
I between rite new district ami Sydney. Captain
Eon-dale was appointed first resident Mngis-
I tr.it, in Isild. Mr. Charles Joseph Latrolie
succeeded Captain Lonsdale iu and had
I the honour of conducting the affairs of the
new settlement during the stages of rapid
Mi' e ei'errory of the expedition which brought m
Phillip ati<l the first settlers of New South Wales]
Jan. 2d. 1783. and then and there proclaimed tile stJ
Brit tin. hoisting her Hag. reading the Royal proclai
a salute of small arms, to which the ships responded
ami commencing ihe career of a new empire.
It is worthy of remark that a French exploring expedition sailed
into the same waters a few hours after, just in time to hear the British
cheers and guns. This was on board two of the finest frigates in the
French service. La Ilmtssole and L'Astrolalie. sent out bv Louis XVf.
tinder the command of a great maritime discoverer, the Comte tie l.a
Pcronse, to whose memory, near thn brass plate which indicates where
Captain Cook first landed, the gilt-topped monument seen iu our Sketch
has been erected at Botany Bay.
As soon as the proclamation was made, the convicts were lamb'd
and set to work hewing down trees and clearing away undergrowth,
raising huts, and making roads. Captain Phillip came prepared with
armed men ready to supper.- disobedience and disorder. He came with
horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs ; with plants or seeds of coffee, cocoa,
cotton, banana, apple, orange, lemon, guava, tamarind ; with vine, fig-
tree, sugar-cane, bamboo, and varions kinds of grain. The Governor
guarded the natives against the brutality of Euro]ieans as carefully
as he guarded his men against wrong-doing. He was. in short, ail
that a Governor should be; vet, in his time, Sydney was merely a
place of penal servitude, and its official name was scarcely recognised
at home, where people commonly talked of being transported to
‘■Botany Bay.” When he left, in 17112. the population did not exceed
3500 souls.
He was succeeded by Captain John Hunter, another navi oil v>r ;
the third Governor was Captain Philip King. R.X., from 1800 to 1808 ;
and the fourth was Captain Bligh. R.X.. commander of H.M.S. Bounty
in the famous mutiny, who3e colonial administration was abruptly ent
short by a revolt of the free settlers and militia in 1808. From that
period, the Governorship of Netv South Wales was bestowed on dis¬
tinguished soldiers: Colonel Lachlan Macquarie, in 1810 ; Major-General
Sir Thomas Brisbane, in 1821; Lieutenant-General Sir Ralph Darling,
in 1823 ; Major-General Sir Richard Bourke, in 1831 ; and Major-General
Sir George Gipps, in 1838, all ruling with somewhat of autocratic
power ; but from 1824 with a nominee Legislative Council, until, in
1842. a Constitution was granted to New Sonth Wales, with an elective
Legislature.
growth which led to its independence in 1851. when his
office of Superintendent was enlarged to the higher rank of
Lieutenant-Governor, to correspond with the expansion of
Port Phillip district into the colony of Victoria.
The discovery of gold, in July, 4851, in the Bathurst and
Wellington districts of New Sonth Wales, and within a few
months, also in Victoria, on the Ballarat hills, and at Clunes,
Bendigo, Mount Alexander, and the Ovens, completely revo¬
lutionised Australia. It is not our purpose, on this occasion,
to speak of “ the New Era ” which then began for onr Southern
Colonies, and the results of which are shown iu the great
cities of Melbourne and Sydney, and at Adelaide, Brisbane,
and other Australian capitals or chief towns, also in New
Zealand, at Auckland, Dunedin, Wellington, and Christchurch.
The official statistician now estimates the population of the
Australasian Colonies (on Deo. 31, 1887) as follows:—New
South Wales, 1,044,000 (approximately) ; Victoria, 1,035,943;
New Zealand, 603,787 (exclusive of 41,828 Maoris) ; Queens¬
land, 359,059; South Australia, 315,000; Tasmania, 140,711;
and Western Australia, 44,532, making a grand total of
3,513.032 souls. Here is a new English-
speaking nation, already three millions and a
half of people, and probably destined to grow
to thiity millions in the next century, occupy¬
ing a Southern Dominion which actually com¬
prises all the lands enjoying a temperate
climate between the Indian Ocean and tho
South Pacific Ocean.
When timid and imperfectly informed
persons in England hint a fear that some of
our Southern colonies may be overwhelmed by
their public debts, it should be replied that
these debts, nnlike those of any European
State, represent not past military expenditure,
but the cost of constructing many thousands
of miles of well-planned railways and good
useful roads, with harbour works and irriga¬
tion works in some of the colonies ; and that
the present value of the railways, which are
State property, already opened for traffic and
paying their working expenses, added to the
tncreasec value which they have given to the
reserves of public lands still on sale, would at
(his moment suffice to pay off all the colonial
debts. This is certainly true of New Zealand
as well as of New South Wales and Victoria,
whose public credit should therefore stand
higher than that of any nation in Continental
Europe. The Colonial Legislatures, with the
ardent snpport of these democratic comr
mnmties, have so far realised the truest
ami wisest aims of national policy, that
all the burthens of tax or loan which
they lay on the country are for the immediate
benefit of the people. There is no community
in the Old or the New World-this is the
noblest proof of civilisation-in which the
State does so much for the education of the
young. The New Zealand Governmentactuallv
pays £4 a head for the schooling of every
child; \ictoria pays £^ 7s. 8d. a head in
State education expenses; New South Males
and South Australia make also provision, on
the most liberal scale, for this great object of
soctal improvement. The schooling is every¬
where public, free of charge to parents,
entirely separate from the religious denomina-
tione, and school attendance is obligatory hy
law on all children in these colonies, i/the
quality of the instruction, the colonial public
schools will at least bear comparison with In.
established by the School Boards in England'-
and there ,s no lack of Colleges and Uni'
versities for higher education. The noble
motto of New South Males, "Advance An*
tralia ! haB been met with a practical resDonsa
in the working of free institutions. P
402.—THE lLLUSTUAXKD U)A’W- V • v£ *^ " '
SKETCHES IN MOROCCO : A CHAIN 0
PRAWN BT C - ' >
prisoners from a rebel tribe.
404
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. G, 1389
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
The latest " craze " is ladies' cricket, which has taken possession
or the public fancy very suddenly, anil bids fair to become ns
commonplace as ladies' tennis. From all parts of the country
come the reports of matches, and married women ns well ns
single ones are numbered amongst the players. As conducted
at present, ladies'cricket is little more than n farce; for the
men are required to bat with broomsticks nnd bowl left-handed,
and nevertheless often manage to win. But of course the
ladies Who play are still novices, for the fashion is yet of mils! -
room grow li. It began with a company of actresses, captained
by little Ill s Nnrreys. Suddenly, the idea “caught on.'’ nnd
now all over the country the end'of the cricket season is being
marked by ladies' matches. It remains to be seen whether
they will in- revived next spring. If so. they nmst be played
more rationally: the left-handed broomsticks are amusing
while novel, hut are a condescension which would soon fatiguo
and hore the superior beings who grant it. Tennis is not
less violent anil golf is not less fatiguing than cricket; and
tennis ami golf are both commonly and well played by women
of position ami refinement. So it is quite possible that ladies’
cricket is destined next season to be fashionable.
Dress is an obstacle to women rivalling men in such games.
Onlv by wearing a gymnastic or a shooting costume does a
ladv conic to realise how' much her movements arc hampered
in her usual dress. A very remarkable document, however,
addressed by a large number of American ladies to the ladies
of Japan. shows that women arc everywhere concerning them¬
selves about the inconveniences of female dress—thongh, un¬
fortunately, nobody appears able to invent anything mnch
better, fhe American ladies have been moved to address
their Japanese sisters by the announcement that the
Ktupivss of Japan has decided that European Court
gowns shall he worn at her State receptions ; and it is
therefore probable that onr dress will he generally adopted
in Japan. The American ladies beg their Japanese sisters to
pause before exchanging their loose and artistic national
costume for our “ ungraceful, inconvenient, and unhealthy
fashions." They write because they desire “ that Japanese
ladies may he made aware of the dangers in adopting the
foreign dress, ami that they may considor that what they are
about to do would affect not only their own health but that of
their sons and daughters." This note is signed by a number
of American authoresses, lady doctors, and other distinguished
women, including the President's wife, Mrs. Cleveland, and
the widow of the late President Garfield. What poor creatures
we must be to retain a garb with which we are so dissatisfied !
How is it that we cannot think of anything much better! A
tv: min Millie. De Valsayre recently petitioned the French
Chamber for permission to wear trousers, and has received an
official reply that there are no sumptuary laws on the statnte-
hook, anil that she may wear any costume she pleases. But
Millie. De Valsayre did not at once adopt some costume after
her own mind. She only weakly applied to Worth to design
her a dress on the essential basis of bifnreation. That monarch
of Wii/fiins scornfully declined the order. No wonder; Worth
cannot bear even the ordinary English tailor-made gown, in
which he avers that ladies look like stable-boys!
The Oetolier number of the II nman’t World is, I find, the
one which completes the first year under Mr. Oscar Wilde’s
editorship. The publishers, in announcing that henceforth
the magazine will he enlarged, point with justifiable pride to
the names of the contributors to this volume, and state very
trnly that such an array of valuable papers from the pens of
eminent women has never before appeared in any magazine.”
This number is not the least interesting of the year, containing
as it does a paper on “ Women in Pompeii,” by Edith
Marget ; an interesting sketch of part of old Paris
aud its associations, by A. Mary F. Robinson (who, lry-the-
way. has recently married a Professor of the College de
France, ami gone to live in the city she knows so well) ; two
essays on employments for educated girls—elementary school
teaching and dressmaking ; and a defence of German women,
by Miss Friederichs, the clever foreign sub-editor of the
/\i!l Moll (htrrtte, who reads seven languages, and is one of
the most capable “ interviewers " on the press. Then there are
the fashion articles, always well written there; and last, I
may mention a paper from my own pen on “A Woman’s
Friendship"—that which existed between Mary. Queen of
Scots and Mary Seton. the only one of her “four Maries” who
remained single, and who was constant in devotion to
her Queen throughout her weary imprisonment. There is a
charming illustration to the article, a copy of an old miniature
painting of the Maries. I am only disappointed that there
was not added an engraving from the Windsor miniature of
the Queen of Scots herself, an authentic portrait.
Considering how great is the fame of the beauty of Mary
Stuart, and hmv high was the position that she filled as Qneen
of France and Scotland, it is surprising that genuine and
satisfactory portraits of her are so rare. Prince Labanoff, a
Russian gentleman who early in the present century devoted
a Urge part of his life and fortune to the study and com¬
memoration of that fascinating personality, made a list of all
the so-calleil portraits of Mary which he could discover to bo
ill existence. He concluded that only a very small number so
named were genuine, and had been done by painters who had
seen their model. The keeper of the National Portrait
Gallery is more sanguine. In some interesting and learned
communications which he recently made to the Tlmrt. ho
enumerated a number of pictures now in various situations
which 1m believes to he genuine portraits of the Qneen of
Neni s. But anybody who can contentedly sec the name of
that beautiful woman labelled on the hideous and impossible
caricatures which disfigure the National Portrait Gallery as
likenesses of Mary, must he easily satisfied with evidence of
authenticity. Indeed, scruples on this point have lately visited
the authorities of the gallery, and they have decided to re¬
christen one of the canvases after Mary of Loraine. the mother
„r Mary Stuart. Them is one admirable portrait of the
Queen of Scuts, known as “ the Morton portrait,” which has
Ilrs-endod in an unbroken chain from the noble to whom the
Queen herself gave it; and there are a few others which may
1,0 genuine, though poor. But the Windsor miniature (one
of that line collect ion made by generations of our Mon a roll s,
which was so carefully arranged under the orders of iho
Prince Consort) vies with the face on the sculptured tomb
in Weslmiusler Abbey for charm, interest, and evident
1 rut liftilni'ss. Both that miniature and the statue wore
received bv James I. ns his mother's portrait. Tie, of
emirT", roti'lil not judge them himself. He never saw her
after he was a young halie: the well-known engraving
from a picture by Znccliero. showing the Queen with her hand
in the head of her lit lie son. is necessarily apocryphal, as arc
S . many other pretended portraits of her. But though James
did not. know what his mother was like, he had around him
many of her attendants and friends who did, and there is
evidence that he took considerable pains to have the statue on
the tomb made a fair portrait. The Windsor miniature is very
like the face on the monument; and both have a look of
mingled sweetness and authoritative wisdom that is very
attractive. Florence Fenwick-Milleb.
CHESS.
TO CURB KSPIiN DENTS.
si. f.’i.i l.Hi*k t.i qu li. iiiui iIn'i
.Mtm*.whirli *h»ll li»\o •In*' Mlcncmii.
■■I |»r«lih , w* for fun her roinuleraluin. Of Iho
;» uliitit*o, !■} I. It fo i) 41 h.
IT from H Ift* mI,
k’3iu from A W
Solution of i’noni.KM No. 23M.
WHITE. HI. AUK.
1. Kt to Kt 3rd K tnk<> Kt
2. K to K s«| (ch) K mows
3. Either B mates accordingly.
If Black pla.v l. !• tnk«*-« Kl.theii *.*. It my fit h tch>: if I. K to K fit It, then 5. Kt to
ft K<i (dii : if B takes Kl,then B to y tith it'll); iiu«l if It in K 7tli, i lieu *.'. Kt to
PROBLEM No. 2322.
By B. 0. laws.
BLACK.
White to play, and mate in throe moves.
white tMr. I..)
1. P to K *tl»
2. K t to K B 3rd
3. Kt to B 3rd
4. B to B 4th
5. P to Q 3rd
9. ('astlcs (K R)
10. Kt to R 2nd
11. P to K 3rd
P to Q 4th
B Hikes Kt
1* to y Kt uh
K R to K s< |
P to Q Mh
Kt to K 2nd
It takes B
Q to i) 3rd
P to Kt till
Kt to B
Kt, to Kt 3rd
Kt-to R 5th
o K B 3rd
BRITISH C HESS CONGRESS,
t played between Alters. I.EK and Brit
.(Mr. B.)
P to K till
Kt to y 1$ 3rd
I* to K Kt 3rd
B to Kt 2nd
Kt to B 3rd
P to y 3rd
P to K U 3rd
y to K 2nd
P to K Kt 4th
B to Q 2nd
Kt to Q s<i
B to B 5th
Kt to Q 2nd
1* to y K 3rd
Kt to K 2nd
Kt to B sq
Kuo Kt 3rd
Rto B 3rd
Kt to K 2nd
.. It 41
. tlii'it K i* lake* B, K
h. Ac.
Pt
28. P to B 5th P t ikes P
29. B takes P trh) K to Kt sq
3n. B to K 3rd It to R sq
31. K R to y B 2nd Rtoysq
32. y to Kt 3rd K to R 2nd
33. Kt to It ollj
d» n r.t
: B takes Kt. K 1’ t
H. 1* to Kt 5th
17. P takes P
M. P takes P
Ell. It to y It sq
40. It to R 7th
41. P to y 7th
42. y lakes Q,
P to B 3rd
It P takes P
K to It sq
:<Mr. TU
o K ith
o K B 4th
o K 2nd
e plnyol betwe -n Mr. Bird and Ilcrr Weiss
(KiuTs /lis/io/w (imubil.)
BLACK t Herr W. > > w II1TE t M r. B. > HI.
P to K 4th j II. y to Ki 3rd Ki
uk (ITerrW.)
lo B 3rd
to K 5tl)
Lakes It (eh)
17. Kt takes Kt
C. Kt L
Ilia, k
yarn :»t
ytoil5th(ih) |
O i) 3rd
O It 3rd
to K 2nd
22. P takes Kt (eh) K t;
23. Bloy 7th (diseh) K t<
! 21. y to It 7llt
•f his
O It Ith V to B 3rd ! 25. U to Q sq
to B 3rd Kt to y 2nd 2.i. y takes ft (eh)
o y 2nd y to R 3rd 27. IF to y till!
Iioiihl have fa Midi wlulo he had 2*. y takes P (Hi) .... ,
l*or»»iiitj. 29. y to H (ith (HiI It to Kt 2nd
n takes B
K to B sq
K to Kt 2nd
y to R (th
K to It sq
I 3o. p to R tith, nnd wins.
In the City of London Chess Club the winter season will lie inaiifrnrute.l
bva blindfold exhibition, which will lie Riven bv Mr.Blaeklmnie on Mondav,
(let. 8. Mr. Lord will l»e teller. Admission to two the exhibition will be
free to all members of the Huh and their friends.
The North London Chess Club has issued Its list of enpraffements for the
ensuing season. Matches have been arranged with all the leading local
Hubs, besides which a tournament, con lined to members, will commence on
Oct. 25.
AMONG THE IIOP-PICIvERS.
The bright face of the morning is veiled by a silvery autumnal
mist that hangs over the valley, hides the view of the quarried
hill in the distance, with its crown of fir-trees, darkens the
village street below, and seems to give a damp wbeezy tone to
the old bell of the older church, to-day devoted to rural
marriage festival. The earth is overflowing with fruitful¬
ness that has come too late for man’s benefit: and there is the
moist odour of decay in the field and orchard where (he apples
hang yet nnreddened and the Kentish cobs aro still green with
sap. Too much rain and too little sunshine have worked sad
havoc among the Kentish farmers this year. From the other
side of the hedge rises in nnintolligiblo tangle the chatter of
the hop-pickers. They, poor people, are the heaviest sufferers
by the freak of weather that has blighted the bine, shrunk the
golden tassels, and lightened the harvest upon which the
county of Kent depends in a great measure for its prosperity.
“ On the farm yonder.” says an old man who speaks with
the broad Kentish burr in his voice, and has known all the hop¬
gardens in the neighbourhood for the last thirty years, “ they
are picking from forty to fifty pockets a day less than Inst
year, and that was reckoned a bad year by the good pickers."
“ Could we see the pickers at work ? ”
“ Of course ; they ’ll be delighted to see you, Sirs ; but I
expect they '11 come and want to wipe your hoots with a
handfnl of hop-leaves; that is the way they indicate that
Btrangcrs who visit the garden must pay their footing.”
The old man does not pronounce all the letters of his words
exactly as they are written, hut it is better to spell them as
he would have spelt them, had he spent more of his earlier
years in the school-room and less in the hop and fruit gardens.
A short walk down a country lane—where the hedgerow is
sweet with late bramble-bloom and ripening blackberry, where
fern and wild-strawberry plant flourish without touch of
human finger, where from bush to bush the busy spider spins
his delicate weh on which, this morning, the dew has left a
silvery film with pearl drops here and there—(how many a
milliner in the fashionable West-End would pay its weight in
diamond-dust for such delicate sparkling lacework !)—brings
us to the entrance of the hop-garden. The bailiff, on his little
pony, meets us at the gate.
“ Ah! Sirs,” he says, “ this aint the year yon should come
down to see the pickers ; hops aiut hops as they used to be;
ask Mr. Perkins, there.”
Mr. Perkins is the local schoolmaster, who finds employment
for his nntumn holiday in taking the management of the garden
while it is in the hands of the pickers. His familiarity with
rales of routine and discipline, his habit of authority, and
his general intelligence well qualify him for such a post.
Nothing is so powerful in the government of the ignorant
classes, from which the hop-pickers as a rale come, as
knowledge; and the schoolmaster has little difficulty in
keeping under control the five hundred men. women, and
children now gathered together in this—one of the largest
hop-gardens in Kent.
“ Many pickers, this year,” he tells us, “ did not come
down from London; the railway companies discontinued
their Rpecial cheap trains earlier than usual on account of the
had season. The owners have met the people very fairly.
We are paying the pickers at the rate of four bushels a
shilling, taking the good with the bad, although in ordinary
years they will pick six, seven, and even eight bushels for a
shilling, and earn even more than they can now.”
“ Are they a troublesome set of people
“Not at all. Of course we get all sorts, but, as a rule,
they are sober and industrious. They regard the hop-picking
season as both a time of holiday and profit. Families come
down entire ; even the babies are brought. Look at that little
fellow there asleep under an umbrella; he is lying on a bag
of hops, and, as no doubt you know, there is nothing like a
hop-pillow to promote good sound sleep."
The babies are all over the place—some asleep, others
playing ; while the older children are made useful, and have
to help their parents. Families, as a rule, work all together ;
the bop-garden being divided for the purpose of picking into
sets, so many hills—that is, groups of vines as they grow
on the poles—constituting a set. Each company has a leader
or binman, whose duty it is to pull up the poles, hold up
“the bags to be measured and loaded, and do any general work
that is required. This binman is paid a weekly wage by the
manager, while the pickers are paid by the cashier according
to the number of bushels they pick. Each picker has a hook.
Sometimes there are three measurings a day, sometimes less.
Three days a week are called “subbing" days, when the
pickers are allowed to draw something on account from the
cashier; but it speaks mnch for the frugality of many of
those engaged that they leave their earnings until the end of
the time, and are then able to carry home a lamp sum.
While we are getting onr information from the manager
the artist who accompanies ns is busy sketching any bits of
character that come within his observation. His proceedings
are watched with acute interest by the poor people. “He's
drawed my twins,” we hear a proud mother confide to her
friend at the next bin, who, probably, feels quite a pang of
envy because she has no twins to be drawn.
“ And where do these poor folk sleep and live when their
labour is over ? ” we ask.
“ Of course, the accommodation is not wonderfully gooil,
but it is much better than it used to be. The owners of the
gardens have erected sheds with good brick-walls and sound
roofs for them to sleep in, nnd they have conveniences for
cooking and washing.”
On a distant hedge we can see the family wash, or, rather,
several family washes ; and a later examination revealed the
fact that many of the experienced pickers are able to supple¬
ment the comforts offered them. Needless to say, they could
not afford to pay for, nor would they probably appreciate the
advantages of, a modern hotel; hut the best of the families
display many evidences of a knowledge of domestic economy
in the arrangements of their primitive larder, and the dis¬
position of the straw anil sacks that form their bed and bed-
linen. Nevertheless, the low. dirty, dark, unventilated sheds,
with their grease and smoked stained walls, with their vermin
anil fotil odours, seem hardly fit habitation for cattle. The
majority of dogs are better housed; but no doubt it may lie
thought by some that dogs are of more account than hop-
pickers.
“ And do none of the local authorities concern themselves
about the health and well-being of all these people ’ ”
” As a rule they slum them ; many go away during the hop¬
picking time. Some chnroll society in London sends down a
missionary, who preaches to those who will hear him ; he is a
very nice gentleman, and seems to get on well with the people,
hut his funds are limited, anil he cannot give them mnch
material assistance. I think most of them would rather see
that lady over there," and he points to a corner of the field
where a little trap is standing, and several great plum-cakes
are being cat up into square pieces weighing about half-a
pound each.
What is this ? It docs not take ns long to discover the
answer. A little lady, a well-known and highly esteemed
OCT. 6, 1888
405
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
member of a somewhat despised profession—that is, of the
?„„ e _bas found a novel way of spending a holiday. She has
nome down among these poor hard-working people against
vhom Nature this year has with seeming cruelty combined all
her forces, and with a kind word to the mothers and a giant
piece of good cake for every child she has made glad many
° ''■UMay God Almighty bless the people 1 this is real charity !”
T hear an old Irishwoman say with thankful reverence. It is,
indeed a pretty sight. This generous act and the sweet
erraciousness that accompanies it will have more influence
San twenty sermons on hearts made hard and sceptical by
adversity and the bitterness of life’s struggle. A sense of all
that is best and purest in the world falls upon the field ; the
oath and vulgar jest are silenced—every face betokens pleasure.
And where did these children learn their good manners ? It
was only the youngest and wildest that the mothers had to
renrove with “ Say 1 thank-yon,’ baby !" or •• What do you say
to* the lady. Bobby ? ” The “ Thank-you’s ” rose naturally to
the When the hops are measured from the bins into which they
are picked they are placed in “ pokes." and carried in the long,
lumbering wains to the white capped " oast-house." This is
probably a corruption of " roast-house," for here the hops are
dried over a fire of smokeless coal and sulphur. They are
then packed into pockets, being trodden tightly in by a peculiar
process, then weighed, and sent off to the hop warehouses in
Southwark^ t j, e field, our eyes gladdened and our brain
drowsy and dreamy with the subtle fragrance that is breathed
from every amber cluster. The pickers are preparing for
luncheon ; from a cart pieces of fried fish and other provisions
are being retailed at prices that would astonish some diners-
ont in town; while as we pass the pleasant village inn, we
observe that in one of its windows, gay with geraniums and
other bright flowers, is exhibited a ticket which announces
“ Hot dinners, 3d.”
“Ah, yes, Sir." says a picker who follows the direction of
onr eyes, “ but threepence means a bushel, and a bushel takes
a lot of picking this year." H. L.
CHANGING HOUSES.
If three removes are as bad as a fire—and proverbs, we know,
always apeak the truth—the man who frequently changes his
residence must be considerably out of pocket. And he must
be a man of admirable disposition if the irritations a change
of house involves do not put him out of temper. For days,
and often for weeks together, everything lie most wants’ is
sure to be missing, and he lives in perpetual disorder and dis¬
comfort. llis “womenkind" probably enjoy the excitement
and the novel kind of house-work. They have much to do,
and like doing it; he has much to endure, and has not even a
den into which he can escape from the distraction. For the
so-called “study" is sure to l>c the room into which all super¬
fluous boxes, litter, and furniture are placed, in order, as the
servants declare, to be out of the way. How ardently the
master of the house wishes that he could be out of the way
also!
No one probably ever yet took possession of a new house
without having to spend at least twice as much upon alter¬
ations as he had anticipated. However careful his calculations
he might have spam! himself the trouble of making them, for
they are certain to be wrong. The faculty of discovering new
wants is never so largely developed as at a crisis like this.
For a time the purse-bearer demurs and questions; Imt ere
long be discovers that this is vain, and nothing remains for
him but to wonder and to pay. W ell, resignation is a virtue,
and that, at least, he may have the credit of exercising.
It takes a long time to make a house a home. The rooms
in which we have lived and loved and suffered are not without
their memories ; they become a part of our life, ami in a new
abode there is that sense of strangeness, at times almost of
desolateness, which the traveller feels on the first night of his
arrival in a foreign city. He scarcely knows how to describe his
feelings, but is conscious of a restlessness like that of the dog
which turns round and round npon the hearthrug before set! ling
to sleep. It is difficult to leave an old home for a new one with¬
out feeling that the continuity of life has been broken. Another
leaf is turned over, and by this change we seem to be nearer
the end of the book and the “ finis" written on the last page.
And if, as may happen, we are wholly free from sentiment of
this kind, there is always the suspicion, especially in what is
pertinently styled a “ builder's house.” that something wrong
will be discovered. Even surveyors are known to have been
bribed ; and one has heard before now of a plumber without
conscience. We know the faults of an old residence by heart,
and by degrees grow fairly reconciled to them : they are like
blemishes in the face of a friend. When we change houses, how¬
ever, it is with a view to some advantage: and the fear lest we
may lose more than we gain is one of the fretting cares
familiar to new tenants.
We make life more difficult by imaginary wants, and burden
our houses with useless lumber. For any real service or plea¬
sure it affords us, many a carefully-packed ornament or piece
of furniture might as well be thrown away. And the folly
of accumulation is never so evident as when we attempt to
readjust our baggage in a new residence. There are folk who
treat old furniture with the constancy due to old friends. No
matter how ugly or inconvenient it may be, they cannot bo
induced to part with it, and will cherish a cumbersome wardrobe
or table with the reverence felt by a bibliomaniac for the
first folio of Shakspeare. There is something, perhaps, respect¬
able iu this regard for the chairs and sofas upon which we
have sat in bygone years : but it may be carrier! to a ridiculous
extent. If our grandfather left behind him a bedstead as
large as the Great Bed of Ware, that is scarcely a reason why
we should burden our house with such an incumbrance,
ret I know one lady so warmly attached to family furniture
as to take a much larger house than she needed in order to
make room for it; and another so devoted to the memory of a
;>ng deceased relation as to allow the house in which lie had
lived to fall into decay. Dust, cobwebs, and rats occupy the
rooms which the impious hand of man must not touch ; and
“8™ of this revered relative would not recognise the home
which is kept sacred to his memory.
It is well for ns, perhaps, in taking possession of a house
nearing on it the stamp of years, that we are ignorant of its
past history. Many a sad tragedy is enacted of which the
World knows nothing ; many a tale of defeated hopes might
1,0 , ne( > to if there were tongues in walls. For the most
part, among ordinary people, life goes on, to all outward
ppearancc, with monotonous regularity ; but could we see
oeneath the surface, we should find that few families escape
altogether from calamities which mark as with a red cross the
°Tr ° f •! . °? se8 * n which they were suffered.
» tjOPpdy, it is enough for us to know the present condition
it... .if.’ " e “ ave ne >ther the wish nor the power to read
1 I 1 ?' there, was once a skeleton in the closet it
‘J’°iyd lt . was carried away by the last inmates with the
i->vot the furniture. What we have to do on taking possession
is to resolve. as far os lies in onr power, to convert the honse
into a home, and to fill it with fragrant memories. And to do
that depends upon character far more than upon surroundings
One bright happy lace, one unselfish nature, will fill a house,
we know not how, with sweetness and light: and in every
room a shadow will be cast when there is a want of sympathy
and affection in the family circle. A noble-hearted woman
said that in living to serve others she had a home within; and
doubtless such service, done lovingly, as in the great Task¬
master s eye, will make a home of any house, no maiter how
mean and ugly may be its outward appearance. J. D.
EARL FITZ WILLI AM, K.G.
The celebration of the “golden wedding-day” of Earl and
Coantcss Fitzwilliam, on Sept. 1(1. was noticed in our Journal,
following the publication of our Illustrations of his Lordship’s
seat, Wentworth Woodhonse, near Rotherham, Yorkshire.
Among the gifts and testimonials of esteem presented to Lord
and Lady Fitzwilliam on this occasion, the officers and retired
officers of the 1st West York Yeomanry Cavalry gave his Lord-
ship a silver equestrian statuette, representing himself as their
Colonel, in full uniform, wearing the star and ribbon of the
Order of the Garter, and the Queen’s Jubilee Medal, also the
aignillettes worn by him as special Aide-de-Camp to the Queen,
the badges of Colonel being shown on the shoulder-knots. His
Lordship is mounted on his favourite charger. The Owl. The
statuette is on an ebony plinth, with a shield at each side,
hearing inscriptions. The ornaments at the ends show the
Earl's monogram, motto, and coronet, at one end. and the
budge of tbe Regiment at the other. Tint likeness of the Earl
is very good indeed, ami tbe whole work is exquisitely finished,
every detail being shown both in the uniform and ill the
trappings of the horse. The total height, is 21 in. The work
was executed by Messrs. James Dixon and Sons, of Sheffield.
SKETCHES IN MOROCCO.
The series of Illustrations drawn by Mr. R. Caton Woodville,
with the accompanying narrative and descriptive account
written by Mr. W. B. Harris, when they travelled with the
British Minister on a “Visit to the Conrt of Morocco," pre¬
sented a vivid and accurate delineation of those aspects of
the country, and of native manners and customs, which the
Sultan's Government would not seek to conceal from European
observation. A darker picture is that which is exhibited in
the Engraving of a Sketch by a Belgian artist. M. Gabriel
Nicolet, who travelled last June for some days in the
Sultan's camp, when his Imperial Majesty went to visit
the Mohammedan shrines of Muley Ishmael and Edris-
el - Kebir, the latter situated in the Zerhonn moun¬
tains, five hours’ journey from Mekincz. after the suc¬
cessful termination of a military expedition to put down
some insurgent tribes. This Sketch represents a chain of
prisoners from the Beni M’guild tribe ; and our Correspondent
says that when a trilie of rebels is beaten by the Sultan’s army,
a certain number of men are taken to the prisons of the chief
town of the empire, especially to Fez. Mekincz. or Morocco
city. They are all bound together by a long, heavy chain
passing through the strong iron collar which is fastened to the
neck of each man : and they are thus marched off. a long and
cruel journey. Soon, many of these wretches fall, worn ont
by the heat, hunger and thirst, and disease ; and they have to
be left on the road. As the exact number of prisoners has to
lie brought to the town, the heads of those who cannot follow
are cut off. salted, and put into puck-baskets, carried by a mule
or a small horse. This execution is done by one of the soldiers,
the Kaid and his escort being present. The interior of the
country is in a state of rebellion, which will probably soon
excite general attention._
The Mayor of Nottingham on Sept. 28 opened the new
Townhall, which has been erected there at a cost of JE 70.00*1.
It is a handsome stone building, in the style of the French
Renaissance, ennobled by Classical treatment, and has been
erected from the plans of Messrs. Verity and Hunt, of London.
It contains two commodious courts of justice, a police station
and cells, a largo fire station, and suites of rooms for the town-
clerk and the bovongh engineer. Tile Mayor opened the
principal door in tbe main front with a golden key, and after
dedicating the building to the use of the town.' unveilei a
portrait of Alderman Barber, chairman of the building com¬
mittee, in recognition of his public services. Subsequently
Alderman Barber was entertained at a public banquet.
WILLS AND REQUESTS.
The will (dated May 10. 1870) and four codicils (dated June 0
1879 ; April H and Dec. 19. 1881, and Feb. 7), 1887) of Mr
Henry Brace, late of Mayfield, Walsall. Stafford, who died on
May 13 last, have been proved at the Lichfield District Registry,
by Frank Addison Brace, the son, Thomas Addison Nogns, and
Frederic Fuhrmann Clarke, the executors, tbe value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £21’,8,000. The testator
bequeaths £ 1000 to the Vicar of Walsall, Tor or towards the
stipend of a curate ; £.">00 to the said Vicar for the restoration
of Walsall Church ; £300 to the Vicar of Walsall Wood for
parochial and pastoral purposes; £500 each to the Walsall
Cottage Hospital and the Wolverhampton Orphan Asvium ;
£250 each to the St. Matthew’s Infant School (Walsall) and
the Walsall Blnecoat School ; £1000. all his furniture, pictures,
plate, Ac, an annuity of £1«00, and the use, for life, of his
dwelling-house, gardens, and pleasure-grounds at Mayfield, to
his wife, Mrs. Eliza Brace; all his shares in the companies of
Henry Brace and Co., Limited, the Cannock and Rugelcv
Colliery Company, the Randwell Park Colliery Company, and
J. Russell and Co., Limited, to his son. Frank Addison Brace ;
£7500 and £40,000 to Lis daughter Ellen Jane Brace ; ami
£40.000 to his daughter, Edith Mary Brace, such sums to be
held in trust for them, for life, with a power of appointment
thereover, bnt no income is to ho paid, in respect of one moiety
of the two sums of £40,(WO till the death of testator's wife :
and legacies to his executors. The residue of his real anil
personal estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay the income thereof
to his son, Frank Addison Brace, during the life of Mrs. Eliza
Brace, his widow, and on her death, as to the capital as well as
the income, to his said son absolutely.
The will (dated Ang. IS, 1887) of Mr. James Charles Itenvy,
late of Fairleigh, Alleyn Park, West Dulwich, and Monkwell-
street, Silver-street, E.C., manufacturer, who dial on Aug. hi,
was proved on .Sept. 20 by James Godwin and Edward Powell,
the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding
£27,000. The testator gives and devises his house at Stroud-
green to his daughter Mrs. Elizabeth Mary Eaton: his house
at Camberwell to his daughter Miss Emily Isabella Ilenry ;
£300 to Robert Dowsett; and his house, Femleigh. with the
contents thereof, to his wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Mary Henry. The
residue of his real and personal estate he leaves between his
wife and two daughters, in equal shares.
The will (dated Jan. 7, 1885) of George Thompson Greain,
M.D., late of Mixbury Honse, Eastbourne, physician accoucheur
to the Princess of Wales, and who also attended the present
Dowager Empress Frederick at Potsdam, who died on July 20
last, was proved on Sept. 25 by Dame Ellen Emily Gooch, the
widow, and sole executrix, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £27,IKK). The testator gives and
bequeaths numerous legacies and annuities to his relatives and
servants, and leaves the residue of his property to his wife
absolutely.
The will (dated June 8, 1879) of Mr. Leopold Kchwabo,
formerly of the city of Manchester, tint late of No. 3. Buck¬
ingham-crescent, Victoria Park, Riisholmc. merchant, who died
on June. 13,has been proved in the Manchester District Registry
by Henry Albert Sehwabe, the son. one of the executors, the
value of the personal estate exceeding £27,000. The testator
confirms the settlement made on his daughter, Emma Susanne
Scliwabe, and bequeaths her £100 : his household furniture
and £2ii(( to his wife, Mrs. Emma Frances Kehwaltc. and the
income, for life, of all his City of Manchester Consolidated
Stock ami the shares in the St. Paolo Railway : subject to such
life interest, he gives the said stock and shares between bis sous
Henry Albert and Charles Leopold and bis daughter Emma
Susanne. The residue of his real and personal estate be leaves
to his son Henry Albert. He states thnt the reason bis other
son, Charles Leopold, does not share in the residue, is that lie lias
made advances to him daring bis lifetime.
The will (dated Feb. fi, 1883), with a codicil (dated July 2,
1887) , of Mr. William Thomas White, late of Kingston-on-
Ilnll and Lambert House, Hedon, York, merchant, who died
on April 12 last, was proved on Ang. 15 by Charles Hargitt
Johnson and Arthur Rollit. the executors, tbe value of the
personal estate exceeding £25,1X10. The testator bequeaths his
furniture and effects, carriages, and horses to his wife, Mrs.
Ellen White, and devises his freehold house and premises in
Beverley-road, Hull, to his soil, William Lambert White. The
residue of his real and personal estate he leaves, npon trust,
for his wife, for life, and at her death to his son, William
Lambert, absolutely.
The will (dated Ang. 14,1885), with a codicil (dated Ang. 7,
1888) , of Mr. Henry Richard, M.P., late of No. 22, Bolton-
gardens, Kensington, who died at Treborth, Bangor, on Aug. 21
last, was proved on Sept. 25 by Mrs. Augusta Matilda Richard,
the widow, and Alfred James Shepheard, the executors, the
value of the personal estate exceeding £12.000. The testator
beqneaths £200 and his furniture, household effects, carriages,
and horses to his wife; £200 and all his interest in the farm
called Wernfaur to his niece Mary Evans; £500 to his niece
Magdalen Evans; £200 each to Mary Morris, Alina Williams,
and the Rev. Ilenry Morris : and other legacies to relatives.
The residue of his property he leaves, upon trust, for his wife,
for life. At her decease he gives £100 each to the University
College of Wales (at Abervstwith), tbe University College of
South Wales (at Cardiff), and the University College of North
Wales (at Bangor); £200 to the Society for the Promotion of
Permanent and Universal Peace (commonly called the Peace
Preservation Society); £400 to his said niece Mary Evans:
and £1500 to his niece Magdalen Evans; and the ultimate
residue he leaves, as to one half thereof, for the children of
his late sister Mary Morris, and the other half for the children
of his late sister Hannah Evans.
J.P., D.L., late of Gnunsby Hall, Lincoln and Aberia, Pemlivn-
Dendraeth, Merionethshire, who died on Feb. (i, was prov, d
on Sept. 24 by George Henry Caton Haigh, J.P., the son. me
of the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding
£ 12,00(1. The testator charges his set tled estates with the n-n"
>ucnt of £90,0110 for the purposes set. forth in a certain
indenture, and also with the payment of a jointure of Ch-io
per annum to his wife. Mrs. Emma Jane Adelaide Haigh • and
there are other provisions for the benefit of his wife’ anil
children. The Cadeby Hall estate and other property in Lin-
colnshire are to go according to the trusts of the real estate
declared in said indenture. The residue of his nronertv
leaves to his said son. 1 1 ■'
Embassy at Rome, has been appointed her Majesty’s Mmistei!
Resident and Consul-General in Chili.
Messrs. W. Collins and Co., of London and Glasgow have
brought out, thus early, some serviceable diaries—cotniuereiaf
scribbling, portable, and handy—for the year 1889. ’
The Bishop of Rochester opened a new church, on M >s
m the parish of Holy Trinity. Blackheath-hill. erected in the
Ravensbonrne Recreation Ground, Greenwich. The site v
given by the Rev. G. F. Whidborne. !
OCT. 6, 1883
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
407
SKETCHES IN JERSEY.
The fair and pleasant isles off the coast of Normandy, which
are the only remnant of that ancient Duchy still attached to
the Crown of England, and which never belonged to the
Kingdom of France, are a favourite summer resort of English
tourists. Guernsey and Jersey, the largest of these ” Channel
Islands,” are like pieces of South Devon for soft rural beauty
of inland scenery, and for the picturesque aspect of their
coast; in the latter respect, however, the rooks and cliffs of
Sark, and even Alderney, present the wildest and most remark¬
able features. Jersey, twenty-five miles to the south of Guernsey,
is a fertile garden of the useful vegetables that come to our
London market, produoingat least 50,000 tonsof potatoes yearly.
Its climate is delightful ; its chief town, St. Helier, has a
thriving trade, and many handsome buildings; it is a pleasant
residence, and there are easy excursions, by road or rail, to the
inviting places on the shore all round the island. In Grouville
Bay He the Martello Towers known as Forts Henry and
William, the Seymonr Tower being about two miles off the
coast, near the spot where the French landed in 1781. The
eastern railway terminus, Gorey, a fishing village, possessing a
fair harbour, pier, and hotel, was at one time the head¬
quarters of the oyster fishery. Its principal attraction is the
picturesque ivy-mantled fortress of Mont Orgueil Castle, built
upon a rock. Portions of the old stronghold are supposed to
have existed on the wellnigh perpendicular and wave-washed
headland since the days of the Romans, but it mostly dates
from the twelfth century, and was long the chief seat of
Government. Daring one of its many sieges it successfully
withstood an attack by Da Guesclin. who commanded 100,000
troops. St. George's Chapel, the Roman Well, and the stairs
by which King Charles II. is said to have escaped from
pursuit, and the dungeons where was confined William
Prynne of Puritan memory, are interesting remains.
Another brief railway journey is that by St. Anbin's,
reaching its termination at Corbiire. The route is almost
identical with that viewed- from the deck of the steamer on
her approach to St. Ilelicr’s Harbour, its most attractive
features being at St. Breladc's Bay, with the tiny coves of
Beau Port and Bonilly Port, and the wild rocks and cliffB of
the Corbicre. On the north coast are the beautiful bay of
Bonne Nnit, Boulev Bay, and the bay of Itozel. Near the
latter are some Druidical remains, and the jutting promon¬
tories of Le Couperon and La Coupe Point. The most eompre-
hensive prospect of Jersey is obtained from Prince's Tower,
an ancient structure, on an artificial mound of considerable
height, surrounded by pleasure-gardens and other attractions
for picnic-parties ; it is within three miles of St. Helier, and
the road thence passes Government House and Five Oaks for
the Troglodyte Caves. Among oar Artist's sketches, besides
views of some of the places mentioned, is that of the people
collecting sea-weed, here called “ vraick,” which is either used
for manure, or is calcined to produce kelp or barilla.
EMIGRANTS’ INFORMATION OFFICE.
This quarter's circulars—relating to Canada, the Australasian
and South African Colonies—have just been issued by this
office, under the supervision of the Colonial Office ; and a
poster, giving a summary, is exhibited in every post offiee.
Queensland grants free passages to female servants and selected
unmarried agricultural labourers. Western Australia and
Queensland grant assisted passages, and the two former and
natal nominated passages at reduced rates—mainly to female
servants and agriculturists. Farmers with capital, and female
servants, will find openings in all the Colonies ; and agri¬
cultural in Canada (in the summer months), New
South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, Tasmania, and some dis¬
tricts of New Zealand ; while mechanics are only in demand
f ew localities, as in Melbourne for those connected
with the building trades. Intending emigrants are invited to
ms h n °® oe as 40 t!le arran t'<’men63 (if any) which are
mace by Colonial Governments, and in some cases by private
committees and individuals in the Colonies, for the reception
Sau assistance of emigrants on landing. The committee wish
» urge the need of careful selection in the case of emigrants,
THAT TROUBLESOME PUPPY.
and of providing those who go out with money to keep them
on arrival.
The circulars may be obtained, free of coat, from tbe office,
31. Broadway, Westminster. S.W. ; and ten separate Handbooks,
with maps, for each Colony, at Id. each, post-free, or, bound
together, at Is. fid. _ *
INDIAN VERSUS CHINESE OPIUM.
The Commissioner of Customs at Hankow, in his report on the
trade of that place for the past year, discusses the conditions
and probable result of the contest between Indian and native-
grown opium in Chinese markets. He thinks that Chinese
taxation is by no means the chief thing to be taken into
account in prognosticating the future of the Indian opium
trade. On all aides he is told that, while opium consumption
is increasing in western China, the use of the Indian drug is
becoming more and more confined to the rich and the old.
The smokers of the young generation, brought up on the
native drug, are accustomed to its flavour. The superiority
of tbe Indian is either unknown to them, or they do
not care to pay for it. The total abolition of Chinese
taxes would not bring Indian opium to the price of the
native, even if China were to handicap home-grown opium by
imposing on it heavier duties than it now pays, India, no
doubt, can for years produce opium of better quality, but its
relative superiority tends to grow less and less each year.
The serious point appears to the Commissioner to be that
quality is beginning to count for less and price for more in the
competition. At the present moment, supposing all the duty
and transit dues now paid on Indian opium to be removed
and placed on native opinm in addition to what it already
bears, the opinm of Honan, which is nearly as good as Patna
could be bought in Hankow for about £8 a pioul of 133 1-3 lb!
less than the Indian opium. Such a thing as prepared opium
boiled exclusively from Indian raw material without an
admixture of the native drug can now hardly be found in the
market.
The Kidderminster Town Council have appointed the Earl
of Dudley Lord High Steward of the borough, he having
intimated his willingness to accept the office. The late Earl
of Dudley held the office for many years.
«U
CiTT-y Ui.,''^
W e 9> - -&
OCT. 6, 1888
409
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THE HINDOO PEWS.
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BY CHEMISTS, GROCERS, Ac.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
t REDFERN.
LADIES’ TAILOR
To H.R.H. The Princess of Wales.
havc^ow o?* ??? N RE;D . FBRN a . nd SONS beg to announce that they
collection of original designs of Out-door Gowns! Coats. Wrn'ns an*? ikST^hfir
r X » Messrs. JOHN REDFERN and SONS beg to announce that thei
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|~S££ OOWRTB. Of [L pretty Diagonal Cloth, handsomely Braldort.
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JACKETS . .New and pretty shapes, l'lnln, or beautifully Braided.
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WaNTLES and WRAPS. Many charming Models, lor Travelling, Carriage, and Evening Wear.
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Address—PETER ROBINSON, Mourning Warehouse, Hcgent-st.
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T11E 1L L l T »S T11A T KI> LON 1) 0 N N E W S
OCT. fl, JS88
1
MAGAZINES FOR OCTOBER.
Xi fifteenth Century.— The pretentious futility, in general, of
ordinary attempts, even by travelled mid well-read English¬
men, to* forecast the political destinies of France, is once more
illustrated by Mr. Frederick Marshall, who preaches the
impending ruin of that country from democratic action. He
may learn, however, from Madame Blaze de Bury’a article, in
Blackwood, that Paris is not France, and that the rural voters
do not mean to allow their country to be ruined. Earl
Forteacue considers that the territorial extent and population
assigned to the rule of the new London County Council is too
large ; he would give the parts of London south of the Thames
to a separate County Council. A description is given, not the
first we have read, of the “ Chatauqna Reading Circle,” a
widespread corresponding society for literary and scientific
studies, all over America, with a yearly Congress at Chat-
auqua. near the New York shore of Lake Erie. The claims of
Wagners musical, poetic,and dramatic art. and of bis aesthetic
philosophy, are contemptuously derided by Mr. J. F. Row-
botham. Those of the old English dramatist John Marston,
the rival of Ben Jonson, are largely discussed by Mr. Algernon
Swinburne. Prince Kropotkin advocates the organisation of
labour in model industrial villages. Professor St. George
Mivart deals with an inquiry of theological ethics. The
experience of the late Naval Manoeuvres is examined by
Admiral Sir J. C. Colomb. M.P. English tobacco-growing,
leprosy in India, and the exorcism ef devils, are subjects taken
in band.
Contemporary Review. —In an article styled “The Liberal
Creed," Mr. R. B. Haldane, M.P.. propounds State action for
the benefit of the labouring classes, provision for their higher
education, and improvement of their dwellings, partly by a
more equitable application of existing endowments, partly by
graduated taxation of property, especially of property aug¬
mented in value by the increase of population—these measures
he propounds for the adoption of the Liberal Party. Professor
Max Muller, with reference to his lectures on “ The Science of
Thought." cites many of his philosophical “ predecessors " who
remarked the simultaneity of the formation of thoughts with
that of words or names, called by him ** the identity of language
and thought ” : his logic seems at fault when he assumes that
the impossibility of existing apart makes two things identical.
Mr. Andrew Lang fights against an anonymous literary
censor in defence of Mr. Rider Haggard's romances. The
continuation of Sir M. E. Grant Duffs recollections of a
sojourn in Syria inclndes his impressions of Nazareth and the
Lake of Tiberias. “Among the North Sea Trawlers," by Mr.
James Rnnciman. is an interesting description of the life and
work of our hardy fishermen and sraacksmen. with a strong
independent testimony to the great benefits of tho religious
mission, described more fully in Mr. E. J. Mather's book.
“ Nor'ard of the Dogger," and of the floating hospital and
dispensary connected with it. A second paper, by Principal
Donaldson, on the position of women in ancient Rome, treats
chiefly of matrimonial relations, and of the morals and
manners affecting that side of life. Mr. Antonio Gallengn,
ever a political pessimist, contemplates the probability of a
fierce quarrel and war between France and Italy.
Xational Review.—Dio analysis, by Mr. Arthur Banmann.
M.P.. of the report of the House of Lords Committee on the
sweating system in certain London manufacturing industries,
will be serviceable to those who cannot get at, or cannot get
through, a bulky Bluebook. “.Some Literary Idolatries " is a
protest, by Mr. W. Watson, against the recent outburst of
apparently concerted eulogies of Elizabethan dramatists other
than Shaicspeare. “ A Chat about Woodcock " should ph ase
naturalists and old-fashioned sportsmen. The rather nebulous
possibilities of a grand era for English opera are next discussed.
Mr. E. J. Norris. M.P.. furnishes precise historical details of the
ad ministration of .St Katharine's Hospital, founded by Matilda,
Queen of King Stephen, and removed, with a singular trans¬
formation, from the site of St. Katharine's Dock to Regent’s Park.
There is a review of the biography of an Indian military hero.
Sir Herbert Edwardes ; an interesting description, by a Spanish
lady novelist, of the peasant women of Galicia ; a report of
the late gathering of University Local Examination students
and their teachers at Oxford ; a philosophical and archaeo¬
logical inquiry, by Mr. Gerald Massey, concerning primitive
religious myths and the “totems" or heraldic tribal emblems,
in animal forms, of savage mankind : ami an article by Com¬
mander V. L. Cameron. R.N.. on the atrocious slave-trade
cruelties in Central Africa, to suppress which he demands a
British protectorate from Lake Nyassa northward to Lake
Albert Nyanza.
Fortnightly Renew. —More from Mr. Swinburne about Ben
Jonson ; ho proves it easier to make Jonson the author of
Bacon’s Essays, than Bacon the author of Shukspearc's Plays.
I)r. G. II. Savage. Medical Superintendent of Bethlem Hospital,
contributes a valuable treatise on “Homicidal Mania." Mr.
H. n. Johnston supplies a very useful account of British East
Africa, the territory of the new Chartered Company. The
Rev. Canon Taylor, writing again of the failure of missionary
enterprise; Mr. J. Addington Synionds, on the Memoirs of
Gozzi; Mr. Henry James, on those of the brothers Goncourt :
Mrs. Lynn Lvnton, on “The Irresponsibilities of Genius" ; and
Sir G. Baden-Powell. on “ mosquito" naval defences—are con¬
tributors of special ability on these topics.
Macmillan'* Magazine.—"Sir. Bret Hartecontinues “ Creasy,"
and Mr. Walter Paton concludes “Gaston de Latour." An
historical account of John Brown, the Abolitionist hero, and a
narrative of editorial experiences in Tennessee, servo to illus¬
trate some phases of American publio life. Miss Cartwright's
study of the career of George Savile. Marquis of Halifax,
should be attractive to readers of Macaulay s History. There
is an article on Shakspeare metaphors and other phrases used
unawares in ordinary language, and one or two other pieces of
fair quality.
English Illustrated. —A new Italian story by Mr. F. Marion
Crawford, “ .Sant' Ilario," is a sequel to “ Saracinesca " Another
storv now commenced. “The House of the Wolf,” is one of
France in the time of the Hnguenots and the League. Mr.
Swinburne's lyrical poem, “ Olive," is fine verbal music.
Blackwood'* Magazine. —A disgusting story, “ Aut Diabolus
aut Nihil "—that of a secret conclave of depraved Parisians,
adepts of the spirit-medium conjuring trickery, who evoked
and worshipped the personal Devil—occupies the first place in
this magazine. We can entirely commend, on the con¬
trary. Mr. T. E. Kebbel s sound and judicious article on the
English agricultural labourer ; Colonel T. Pilkington White's
historical account of the Ordnance Surveys of Great Britain
and Ireland ; and Madame Blaze De Biiry’s discriminating
comments on the attitude of French democracy. A review of
the works of Maurice Jokai, the great Hungarian novelist, is
of some literary interest.
Murray'* Magazine.— There is no end to the responsive
criticism of some* recent criticisms of American institutions and
manners ; as Mr. Theodore Roosevelt had something to say
in answer to Mr. Matthew Arnold, so Mr Andrew Lang has
something to say in answer to Mr. Roosevelt. A personal
memoir of the late Dean Bnrgon. and some remarks on the
hindrances to parochial church work, are furnished by clergy¬
men evidently well conversant with the subjects. The story of
“ The Reproach of Anncsley," by the author of “ The Silence
of Dean Maitland." and that of “ Quin Lough," an Irish story,
by the Hon. Emily Lawless, are continued : while one, called
“ A Good Old Family," is commenced. Historical notes on the
progress of music in England, and an examination of the
German system of instruction in industrial art, are both very
useful.
Longman * Magazine. —Pleasing reminiscences, by the Rev.
Canon Butler, of a visit to the Lakes in 1814. and of walks and
talks with Wordsworth, Hartley Coleridge, Arthur Clough, and
Matthew Arnold, form the most attractive part of the con¬
tents, after the chapters of fiction, added by their writers to
•• A Dangerous Catspaw," and to the tale of Austrian Jews
called “ Orthodox.” There is another short story ; a discourse
of gentle moralising by •* A.K.H.B.." called “ That Longest Day":
and a literary protest, by Mr Archibald Ballantyne, against
the pedantic affectation of antique forms and phrases of the
English language.
Time. —The professional ways and work of the architect
are described by Mr. Basil Champneys. who enters also into a
discussion of the prospects of that art and profession. Mr. A.
Sonnenschein’s observations on the injurious effects of the
system of examinations on teaching and learning are entitled
t» serious attention. 3Irs. Power O'Donogbue proceeds with
her entertaining account of a tour in Wicklow. There is
more of “ Kophctua XIII.," by Mr. Julian Corbett.
<lentletnan's Magazine. —A continuation of the story of
“Mrs. Beresford" is followed by Mr. J. Theodore Bent's
account of a Greek rustic wedding in the Isle of Telos : the
Rev. S. Baring Gould's historical notice of the impostor Baron
Munchausen, a criminal adventurer in North Germany, about
the beginning of the eighteenth century, whose* marvellous
boastful tales Ijequeathed his name, as a type of lying
travellers, to the famous romance published in 1785: and
several other articles of merit. Not the least in value is that
on “ Guthram. Dane-King, and the Danes at Barking," by Mr.
F. T. Norris, who deserves the thanks of London and Essex
antiquaries for his diligent study of the origin of a remark¬
able earthwork, still bearing witness to the Danish complete
occupation of that part of the country, in the ninth century
of the Christian era.
('anthill. —The stories of “French Janet" and “A Life's
Morning " proceed with added chapters. “A Coach Drive at
the Lakes," from Rydal to Thirlmerc. awakens pleasant re¬
collections. The slang corruptions of our common English,
by the quaint rough humour of reckless Western men, are
exposed in an essay on “The Great American Language.”
There are “Sketches of Indian Life," and a strange tale.
“The Phantom Piquet," curreut at a regimental mess-table
in India.
lielgraria. —This magazine is filled with tolerably enter¬
taining stories; those of “ Undercurrents,” by the author of
“ Phyllis." and “ The Blackhall Ghosts." by Miss Tytler, are
continued ; and two short ones, “ A Summer Hotel Fate ” and
“ Fish Lake " have their scenes laid in America.
Temple liar. —Miss Jessie Fothergill brings “ From Moor
Isles" near its conclusion, and Mr. W. E. Norris approaches
that of “ The Rogue." The second part of a good essay on
Montaigne, and an agreeable notice of contemporary British
diplomatists, are the best articles outside the due allowance
of fiction.
liar/nr 4 Monthly. —An instructive account of the Limoges
porcelain manufacture is furnished by Mr. Theodore Child, our
own Paris Correspondent, with numerous engravings. The
history of newspaper enterprise in the Western States of
America is accompanied with memoirs and portraits of many
local editors. There is a lively description of the carnival at
Kfc. Pierre, in the French West Indian island of Martinique.
Mr. Pennell, the American artist, and his wife, who writes so
well, presents sad views of the condition of the peasantry in
the outer Hebrides. The exact and minutely detailed account
of St. Louis, on the Mississippi, and of Kansas City, shows .a
marvellously rapid and complete development of American
social life. The illustrations of old English ballads, by Messrs.
E. A. Abbey and A. Parsons, are well imagined, but their
execution is not equally good. Mr. Black's story, “In Far
Lochaber," and the tales by Mr. W. D Howells and Miss
Woolson, satisfy the taste for fiction.
The Century. —The frontispiece is a portrait of the Into
Miss Emma Lazarus, of New York, a Jewish young lady,
whose genius as a poet was long since recognised by our own
literary criticism, and of whose untimely death we heard with
much regret. “An English Deer-park " is one of the care¬
ful. but not the loss graceful, descriptive studies of our
rural scenery, in which the late Mr. Richard Jefferies was
unsurpassed.’ Mr. Iheodore Roosevelt portrays in strong
colours the outrageous characters and lawlees conduct of the
Western frontier men on the edge of the prairies towards the
Rocky Mountains, a quarter of a century ago. The report, by
Mr. George Kennan, of his personal inspection of the Russian
system of penal transportation to Siberia, particularly of the
Tomsk depot for forwarding convict prisoners, reveals shocking
misery from neglect in the superior administration. Those
who are carious about modern improvements in the apparatus
of military wholesale homicide will find here the most accurate
description of machine-guns—the Gatling, the Gardner, the
Maxim, the Hotchkiss, which threaten to supersede infantry
battalions in the field ; and the dynamite shell gun, with
pneumatic or compressed air-power to shoot forth the shell,
which may possibly be adapted for coast batteries and forts.
The history of the American Civil War is continued, and there
are several tales and essays throwing light on the domestic
affairs of the United States.
Scribner* Magazine —“Problems in American Politics”
especially that of discontinuing the inordinate tariff protection
allowed to American manufacturers, that of encouraging a
revival of American ship-building and mercantile marine, and
that of restricting the electoral franchise to native Americans,
are discussed by Mr. Hugh MCulloch, whose authority should
be of considerable weight. Another question of urgent import¬
ance. the traffic management of the United States railways, is
only incidentally brought to view in the personal notices of
some of the leading directors of that powerful administration.
Lighter subjects are presented to the reader, with copious
woodcut illustration, in the curious particulars of stage-
machinery at the Opera-house, and in Mr Lester Wallack’s
agreeable reminiscences of a long theatrical career, with
pleasing anecdotes of the late Mr Charles Mathews. The
treatise on the construction of Egyptian temples, with fine
engravings of the ruins of Karnak, Luxor, and Philo;, is a
sound piece of archeological study.
The annual meeting of the National Association of Poor-
law Officers was hold on Saturday, in the board-room of the
Board of Guardians at Southampton. Mr. Clay, clerk to the
Shoreditch Guardians, presided, and delegates were present
representing the 20,000 officers engaged in the administration
of the Poor Laws throughout the country. Resolutions were
passed pledging the association to take steps to ensure the
insertion of clauses in the Local Government Act. giving Poor-
law officers of all grades the right to superannuation. It was
arranged that a memorial to this effect should be presented to
the Local Government Board, and that all boards of guardiaus
should be asked to support the project.
THE AUTHOR OF “MADAME MIDAS.”
i* Hume, whose |>nrtraU acroinimnics thin notire In the in
.>author of
. .... of the Mill more promising tale “ Madame
by tho Haimotn Cab Publishing Company. Ludgate-
Mr. Fe. . _ .
-The MvMerv of a !h
Midas," issued a few w - .. c . ___
hill, K.C. Mr. Hmnc in a young man in hi* third decade only, alwunding In .
spirit*, full of vigour, and uii indefatigable worker. Ho was Inirn In Scotland : but
III* first recollectlou* an- of New Zealand, whither he wu* taken while yet only an
Infnnt. HI* youthful day* were >|«ont in preparing for the Australian bar, and with
this object he took hi* degree at Dunclin I’liivcrsity. and became «|iiulillo<l for legal
practice. He early evinced a strong inclination for literary pursuit-.and -non made
a name for himself a* dramatic critic, reviewer, writer of essay* mid short tales |o
well-known Australian Journal*. Ills ilr»l serious effort, however, in fiction \va*
“The Mystery of a Hansom Cab” which was published In MNlaairno Itt OcloU r,
petti, and re|Hibli*hcd in this country with unparalleled success in November of last
Like many a first production of a young author in the line of sustained fiction
Mr. Ilmnc hod little encouragement from the publisher* to whom lie originally *uh*
mine l the mnnttxcript of “ The Mystery of n Hansom Cub." A Mvllmnnio firm of
first rank declared that if Mr. Hume (rttbllsficd it at his own risk, which he might
do, tliev would not be able to dispose of &uo copies in twelve month*. This wn*
anything but encouraging to the young author. Itut the publisher* were wrong,
a* result* proved, much, evidently, to lliolr chagrin. They lost the sale of the ina-t
popular book of modern time*. The manuscript qnltc accidentally got into the
hnn l.s of u ynuug enterprising publisher, Mr. K. Trlschler. who quickly perceived
that the Pile wan one of startling novelty, and contained all the element* of
mere**. In seven day* after It* publication not only 5<»U but Soon copies wen;
sold lu Melbourne. A second and. again, a third cdiiiou quickly followed. Until in
three month* 25 .non copies were disposed of, n circulation unexampled in the history
of tie* colony. Mr. Ifutue’* conquest did not end then*. His publisher boldly struck
out for other field*, and in December Inst he reproduced the work in till* country
with a measure of sucre** that more than Justified Id* adventurous tqieciibiilon. for
in Ira* than Mx month* considerably more than 3MO.UU0 volumes of Mr. lluine *
marvellous story wen* In the hands o'f the British public-a success so startling a*
to astonish oar bookseller* and even the publishers themselves. Person* were found
everywhere eagerly devouring the realistic sensational tale of Mclbmir
rail, or river the unpretending little volume was ever present, in t
pipahrlrv still prevails, for several thousand copies a week are sold ci
After such a triumph with •• The Mystery of u Hansom Cab" li v
silent. It was anxiously doubted whether he could follow up his vlcto... . ... ,...
Increased, power. The public had not long to watt before being satisfied ns to Mr. llmucV fertlllV .
the versatility of hi* genius. Hi* new story, *• Ma larne Midas/' I* a considerable advance on hi* former novel, in
literary composition, variety of incident, und subtlety of plot. Character* arc more fully «lcvcl«pel, the back¬
ground more firm ami well defined, ami the principal figure* more (mworfulljr llninel and more perfect In detail
Ilian in hi* earlier work. Of course, there t* a mystery to ln« unravelled, and the tale L throughout highly sen-n-
tional nil ( realistic. Tho scene is again laid In Australia, (hi* lime principally in tin gnld-th M- at Ballarat. and
In rsiD'Uittm. tho largest town In the colouy of Victoria devoted to gold-mining. J ltc viv id ph tuns of Australian
life an I land-cape arc of peculiar Interest. There 1* scarcely a family In the British l-h * tb it ha- not .-nine
member or friend la one of our Australian colonic*. The whole population is chiefly romp »>c4 of our own flesli
and blood—men with like passions with ourselves speaking the same language and reading the same literature.
.ltd ii
n in n
s of the in
t important dc|>eiidcnclra of oi
.* w *.the forrtnsteof Mr. Hume's powers ns a novelist In
“The Mvsterv of a Hansom Cab" that hi* second effort, “Madame Midas.” would l*e
eagerly sought for by novel reader* on Hits side of the Equator; but n bale almost
beyond the dream* of avarice wn* not anticipated. Such, however, ha* been the
experience. In eight week* ISh.ohi copies have been sold. The press has been
almost unanimous in it* approval of the Pile so full of mystery. Imagination, and
humour, and the novel-residing public has hailed the work with acclamation. It 1*
a book Hint young and old of both scxra read with pleasure and profit: it amuse*
while It Instruct* the **" * .. * **“ ' jggjgg
personally. The churn
Vandeloup. I* a villain
... <t despicable kind, Madame Mida
•hlJe Kilty is pretty but frail. Yet there I* no impurity, no
• million now-a-dnys in popular novel*. It lead* to a hate
t lovabh
suggestive indet—----„- rr —.
off evil-doing, and the “wages of sin” an- prominently set forth in the final chapter.
Although the jiersons portrayal are, on the whole, of very questionable character,
“ Madame Midas " is jicrfccily healthy In tone, but entirely free from obtrusive moral¬
ising. As a proof of the truthfulness tonntureof Mr. Hume's writings, lit* worthy of
note that none appreciate him more than those who inhabit the regions where all
hi* character* nre supposed lo move, and have their being. He I* a prophet In the
heart of his own country ; his countrymen have a faith In him and Ills works. One
tlriii alone ordered 25,into copies for the supply of the Australian trade Indore a page
of •• Madame Mida* " was published, and “ repeat” order* have already been received
by cable. Indeed, if Mr. Fergus Hume continue* to write such Interesting and
thrilling tales as "The Mystery ot a Hansom Cab," and especially “Madame Mldns”
hi* render* at home and abroad will not fail to appreciate him at his worth.
Australians will certainly set a high price u|»ori him; for not only Is he a faithful
delineator of Australian life, but also a faithful exponent of hi* countrymen's view*,
their aim* and aspirations, as evidenced In hi* Hyiiqwthy with the rrcldirislr
question in the introduction of Ynud.donp.an escaped convict from the French |«cual
settlement of New Caledonia, who jsdlute* society In a neighbouring English colony,
‘abject Is of Imperial ns well as Colonial Interest, and claims t
•social life. Whether ti.iv.il
nc companion'* or stranger*
ii at the present time.
h unlikely .Mr. Hume would t
orlhlly. and display cqua
sidcratlon of
be shot furthe
lain* are not so scarce even In Australia
sum's* of Mr. Hume* novels t* greatly due
>nal kind. At the same lime, the p '
politician* and diplomatist.-. The refuse of Parisian Jails sho. ld
from our young, vigorous colony than New Caledonia. Hogues
a* to require fresh importation* from perfidious France,
to hi* having hit tho |iopular taste for fic tion of a realistic and
*f the (Mission for such literature has been the appearance
of late year* of consummate master* in writing tales of weird realism. This i* a disadvantage to a young nil tin
11 lea Is to compnrUou* which are generally »lions u ■ the new novelist. When* there arc so many giants, a man
of medium stature apjicar* small, und I* likely to lie overlooked. To nttnict attention he must be n giant lilinself.
Mr. Hume's predecessor* in the particular domain hohjtoenterclupon have boennuiny.and he ho* living
d. by writing a work hko
_ . .. ... .. are no symptoms of any
me time to come : and It will not be surprising to find that at tho end of ono year from
•pies will have been sold. The tax upon printer and publishers to supply an almost
but Incm-lng. To the publisher* there is certainly great credit due for *’
decrease in the demand for
date of publication 1.009,000
insatiable demand U not le*«... . .... ,-....... ...... _____.__
than in popularising Mr. Hume's famous tale-. When a writer of genius meet* with then enterprising publishers
a- “ The Hansom Cab Publishing Company,” great things can be done. It i* to be hoped that the public may soon
witness a repetition of their achievement*, lu ieed. It i» an ojien secret that Mr. Hurac 1* engaged on another
novel of Australian life, which will be Issued at the end of the year. If It provee to be equal la merit to “ Madaiuo
Mida*,’’ the public will be abundantly satisfied with his performance
3 best place t
where a choi
ng marked in
412
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OOT. 8, 1888
MUSIC.
•■CARINA" AT THE OPERA COMIQCK.
Long known as one of the most gifted composers of the Royal
Academy of Music. Madame Julia Woolf is fortunate to have
hail her‘tuneful comic opera of “Carina”—libretto and lyrics
by Mr. E. L. Blanchard and Mr. Cunningham Bridgman—pro¬
ducer! in the most brilliant manner by the management of the
Opera Combine, and staged by so supremely skilful a stage
manager as Mr. Charles Harris. “ Carina" was brought out
with unmistakable success on the Twenty-seventh of Sept¬
ember. It proved a most attractive musical entertain¬
ment. Difficult wonld it have been to have found a more
charming Carina than Miss Camille Darville, personally
exceedingly captivating, and a really accomplished songstress
and piquante actress. Carina is the beauty of Barcelona, which
Spanish port appears about the period of the opera, early in
the last century, to have abounded in beauties, to judge from
the comely female representatives of “ Carina.” A graceful,
hlue-c.ved blonde, with a merry smile and sweet voice, Carina
is destined by her worldly-minded guardian and uncle, General
Bobadillo, to wed an opulent Cuban merchant ; but she
chances infinitely to prefer her handsome young sweet¬
heart, Don Felix, whose, confidential servant, Cedrillo,
assumes the guise of her Havannah suitor in order to
further the suit of his master. Through this ruse, General
Bobadillo is outwitted, Don Felix gains thd hand of Carina,
and Cedrillo pairs off with Carina's lively maid, Zara. Such,
in brief, is the plot, which moves briskly to the tune of
enlivening music, done justice to by the efficient orchestra
conducted by Mr. Auguste Van Biene. The three pretty
daughters of the innkeeper, Ella, Vena, and Zeta, are the first
to win approval by their riir acting and singing. The
melodious opening ballad of Don Felix (Mr. Durward Lely),
“ Within the Halls of Memory,” well deserved its encore; and
his quaint “ Twelve o'clock ” duet with the General (Mr. G. H.
S naze lie) was likewise well received. Quite a triumph in its way
for Mr. Charles Harris was the encored Chorus of Duennas, rich
in the humorous “ business ” for the invention of which he is
noted. The grotesque action and steps of the General's three
servants, headed by Mr. Charles Collette as Patricho, gained
the encore for Bobadillo’s song of lamentation. The first song
of Carina, “ So brightly gleams at dawn of day,” one of
Mr. Blanchard's most poetical lyrics, was sung by Miss
Darville with exquisite sweetness and expression, and was
heartily redemanded. With equal favour was the Carina
and Don Felix duet of “I am waiting, timidly waiting”
greeted. And the animated finale to the first act (wherein
Don Felix makes love to Carina through the open lid
of his rival's strong box) formed a bright and mirthful
picture. The last act vied with the first in lustrous beauty of
costume. The incidental divertissement, arranged by Mr.
John D'Auban, afforded scope for that dainty danseuse, Miss
Alice Lethbridge. Spirit-stirring was the duet “What nerves
the arm when danger near," sung by Carina and Don Felix ;
and walts-inspiring was Zara's gipsy Bong, “Let the little
Moorish maiden.” The delightfully fresh voice of Miss
Darville was heard to signal advantage in “The Hoop
of Gold.” Indeed, the songs of this captivating vocalist
proved the most charming features of “Carina.” The
opera was throughout well acted by Miss Camille Darville,
Mr. G. H. Snazelle, Miss Josephine Findlay, Madame Ada
Doree. Mr. Charles Collette, Mr. E. D. Ward, and Miss Flora
Wilmot, Miss Jessica Dene, and Miss Blanche Murray. The
costumes, designed by M. Wilhelm, were triumphs of
harmonious colouring, and reflected credit on Madame
Auguste, Alias, and Miss Fisher.
M r. Freeman Thomas's Promenade Concerts at Covent-Garden
Theatre have continued to supply attractive musical perform¬
ances, at a time when London music is suspended from its
usual activity. At a recent “ classical ” night, Madame Scalchi,
Miss A. Whitacre, and Mr. E. Lloyd were the vocalists ; and
Miss Dora Bright, the esteemed pianist, made her first
appearance at these concerts this season. This lady per¬
formed, with excellent effect, her own clever pianoforte
concerto—a composition which has recently elicited de¬
served commendation when it was likewise worthily inter¬
preted by herself. The concert now specially referred
to also included Mr. Carrodus's fine rendering of the
“ Allegro ” from Beethoven’s violin concerto; in addition to
which the classical selection included effective orchestral
performances of Weber's overture to “ Oberon,” the entr'acte
from Gounod's “ Romeo et Juliette,” and Hermann Goetz's
symphony in F. Mr. Gwyllym Crowe conducted as usual.
On Oct. 8 the Russian National Opera Company will begin
a series of concerts at the Royal Albert Hall; the programmes
including selections from Rubinstein's opera “The Demon,”
Glinka's “ Life for the Czar,” and Tschaikowski’s “Mazeppa ” ;
and other compositions. Three hundred selected performers,
including forty-eight lady pianists (playing on twenty-four
pianos), will contribute to the general effect.
Occasional operatic performances have been successfully
continued at the Alexandra Palace, under the direction of Mr.
Valentine Smith, and conducted by Mr. W. Carter. A version
of Bellini's “ La Sonnambula " was given on Sept. 29.
Among the important provincial musical arrangements is
the tour of Mr. Santley, under the direction of Mr. N. Vert,
beginning at Eastbourne, on Sept. 29, and followed by con¬
certs, during the first week of October, at Tunbridge Wells,
St. Leonards, Folkestone, Reigate, Southsea, and Bournemouth ;
other concerts being announced for subsequent weeks.
On October 11, as previously announced, a festival per¬
formance is to take place at Hanley, under the direction of
Dr. Swinnerton Heap, of Birmingham. The notion of a
festival for North Staffordshire was first mooted in 1887, at a
meeting of various choral societies of the district, the result
having been the decision to hold a one-day festival in the new
Victoria Hall, Hanley, the proceeds to be devoted to the benefit
of the North Staffordshire Infirmary, and the Burslem,
Longton, and Leek Cottage Hospitals—institutions of the
district which are eminently deserving of all possible
support. Unlike some of our provincial festivals, that
now referred to will not rely on donations or col¬
lections, it being anticipated that effective performances
given in so capacious a building as the Hanley Townhall—
capable of holding about 2500 persons—should prove suf¬
ficiently remunerative to answer the desired purpose. It is to
be hoped that the result of the forthcoming tentative experi¬
ment may be so successful as to lead to more extensive
arrangements, and still greater money results for the charities
on future occasions. The prospectus of the one day’s festival at
Hanley, on Oct. 11, is of good promise. In the morning
“ Elijah ” will be performed; and in the evening a mis¬
cellaneous concert will be given, among many interesting
features in the programme being a movement of Beethoven’s
violin concerto rendered by Mr. J. T. Carrodus, a new concert
overture by Mr. A. Ashton, and a scena from Dr. S. Heap's
cantata “ The Maid of Astolat," sung by Mr. E. Lloyd.
EXHIBITION OP THE PHOTOGRAPHIC
SOCIETY.
On Oct. 1, the annual exhibition of the Photographic Society
of Great Britain was opened to the public at the gaUeriee of
the Royal Sooiety of Painters in Water-Colours in Pall-mall.
In spite of the experiment which the society has this year
made in holding their exhibition without awarding any medal
or prize, as they had been wont to do in former years, there
does not seem to be any apparent falling off either in the
amount or quality of the work on view. Without undertaking
any special criticism of the various technical processes em¬
ployed, we will confine ourselves rather to the consideration
of the work more from an artistic point of view. It is,
however, worth notice that the Platinotype process, which is
so well suited for landscape and out-of-door work generally,
seems to increase in favour with photographers, both nmateur
and professional, as the numerous examples in the present
exhibition testify. In fact, the predominance of landscape is
a distinct characteristic of this year's show, and although
there is no great increase of really artistic work, yet many of
the landscapes attain to a degree of excellence that deserves
high praise.
The most striking feature of this year's display is un¬
doubtedly the fine Beries of photographs of the ruined city of
Palmyra, in the Syrian Desert, taken by Mr. Horace Gridley.
Mr. Gridley, who spared no expense or trouble to accomplish
his purpose, is, we believe, the first who has ever taken photo¬
graphs of these magnificent ruins, and the results that he has
obtained, besides possessing a great archaeological value, are
splendid specimens of photographic art, and afford abundant
proof of the skill and discrimination with which he is able to
manipulate his camera.
Among the most artistic productions in the exhibition we
would include a series of ten pictures, by J. Gale (Nos. 73-88
inclusive), which are well worth examination. No. 73, “ Off
to Work ” ; No. 75, “A Sussex Drift-way ” ; No. 80, “The Path
of the Hills”; and Nos. 81, 82, and 83, are really first-claBs
work. On the opposite wall to Mr. Gridley's exhibit, near the
door, hang two landscapes (Nos. 13 and 14), by H. Tolley,
which are worthy of notice; and further along on the same
wall are three remarkably powerful studies—" In the Castle
Garth, Newcastle” (No. 28)—by Lyddell Sawyer.
No. 37. “ Spring-time—Otterton Park,” is a good example
of the suitability of the Platinotype process for reproducing
the complicated details of foliage. Mr. Frank Sutcliffe sends
a large contribution of out-of-door subjects of great merit.
There are, as usual, some excellent photographs of yachts,
although the number is smaller than in former years, while
mountain and river scenes abound — Captain Abney and
G. S. Edwards send some good examples of the latter style of
subject, principally Alpine views.
We are glad to notice that the predilection for life-size
portraits—which are seldom at all satisfactory—seems to be
dying out. Several well-known firms, however, send examples
of a more suitable size.
Mr. W. K. Burton, who contributes several interesting
photographs, has a frame of views of Mount Bandai, in Japan,
taken very soon after the recent eruption there. The examples
which the Autotype Company exhibit show no falling off
from the high state of excellence that its work has reached.
The Roman Catholic Bishop of Southwark has opened the
new Bchools for junior boys at Beaumont College, Old Windsor.
Dr. Laville’s Liqueur
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414
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 6, 1838
OBITUARY.
LORD 8 A C K V I L h E.
The Right Honourable Mortimer Sackrilie- West. Lord Sackville,
of Knole, Kent, died
on Oct. 1, at Knole.
Sevenoaks. He was
bom Sept. 22, 1820,
the third son of
George John, fifth
Earl Delawarr, by
Lady Elizabeth
Sackville, his wife,
daughter and
heiress of John
Frederick, Duke of
Dorset. This lady
was created, in 1864,
Baroness Bnckhurst. with a peculiar limitation. At her death,
in 1870, her son, the nobleman whose death we record, assumed,
erroneously, the title of Buckharst; but was himself raised to
the Peerage, as Baron Sackville, in 1876. He married, first,
Jan. 14, 1847, Fanny Charlotte, daughter of Major-General
Dickson, C.B., of Beenham, Berks, which lady died Jan. 10.
1870; and secondly, on June 12, 1873, Elizabeth, second
daughter of Mr. Charles W. Faber, of Norfchaw House, Herts.
Dying without issue, ho is succeeded, under the limitation of
the second patent, by his brother, the Hon. Sir Lionel Sackville
Sackville-West, K.C.M.G., Ambassador at Washington.
SIR HENRY ANTHONY FARRINGTON, BART.
Sir Henry Anthony Farrington, Bart., died on Sept. 19, at
Gosford House, Ottery St. Mary, Devon, aged
seventy-seven. He was eldest sou of Sir Henry
Maturin Farrington, second Baronet, by Jane,
his third wife, daughter of Mr. Roger Curry.
He succeeded his father, Oct. 4, 1834, and
married, May 16. 1833, Frances Elizabeth,
eldest daughter of the Rev. J. Warren, D.D., of
Port view. Devon. His eldest son and successor
is Sir William Hicks Farrington, fifth Baronet,
M.D., born in 1838, and married, Dec. 7, 1870,
to Amy Florence, youngest daughter of Mr.
Alexander Glendinning.
MR. GAMBIER PARRY.
Mr. Thomas Gambier Parry, of Highnam Court, in the county
of Gloucester, M.A., J.P. and D.L., High Sheriff 1850, died on
Sept. 28. He was born Feb. 22, 1816, only son of Mr. Richard
Parry, of Banstead, Surrey, Governor of Bencoolen, by his
wife, Mary Gambier. He was educated at Eton and Trinity
College, Cambridge, and gained much repute as a disciple of
art; he was author of several works on the subject. lie
married, first. 183*1, Anna Maria Isabella, second daughter of
Mr. Henry Fynes Clinton, of Welwyn, Herts, cousin of the
Duke of Newcastle; and secondly. 1851, Ethelinda. daughter
of the Ven. Rev. F. Lear. D.D., late Dean of Salisbury. He
had issue by each. His eldest surviving son is Charles Hubert
Hastings Parry, the composer.
Earl Fortescue distributed the prizes at the Devon County
School, West Buckland.
Lord Hartington was on Oct. 2 presented with the freedom
of the burgh of Nairn.
Mr. Alderman Whitehead has been elected Lord Mayor of
London for the coming year.
Mr. Henry Irving was entertained at a banquet by the
Edinburgh Pen and Pencil Club, on Oct. 2.
The Church Congress was opened on Oct. 2. at Manchester,
with an address from the Bishop of the diocese to an audience
of 4000 persons in the Free Trade Hall.
Addresses were given on Oct. 1 on the opening of several
of the medical schools in connection with the metropolitan
hospitals.
Lord Moncrieff, who presides over the Second Division of
the Court of Session at Edinburgh, has resigned his appoint¬
ment. The patronage of the chair lies with the Lord Advocate.
The town of Penang is to be lighted with 600 of the Defries
patent pneumatic street-lamps of thirty-candle power, similar
to those successfully in use to light the town of Erith and
several other towns.
Mr. and Mrs. German Reed's Entertainment will reopen for
the autumn season on Monday evening, Oct. 8, with “Wanted—
an Heir,'’ by Malcolm Watson, music by Alfred J. Caldicott;
and an entirely new musical sketch by Mr. Corney Grain.
The legatees of the late Sir Joseph Whitworth have offered
to the authorities of Owen’s College. Manchester, a site for a
hospital, £35,000 towards the cost of erecting and furnishing
it. and £1000 a year towards its maintenance, without impos¬
ing any conditions.
•St. Dunstan’s College, situate at Catford Bridge, was
formally opened on Oct. 1. The institution has been estab¬
lished under a scheme of the Charity Commissioners, to
provide education of a high order, and in accordance with
modern requirements, for 400 boys.
Mr. Boehm’s statue of Lord Shaftesbury, which is placed
in Westminster Abbey near the western door, was unveiled on
Oct. I by Baroness Bnrdett-Coutts. A preliminary meeting
was held in the Jerusalem Chamber. Canon Duckworth, in
the absence of the Dean, presided ; and there were present the
Earl of Shaftesbury, Baroness Burdett-Coutts. Mr. Bnrdett-
Coutts. Lord and Lady Sherbrooke. Lady Hatherton, and many
other friends and admirers of the late Earl.
The first exhibition of the Arts and Crafts Society was
opened on Oct. I at the new gallery in Regent - street.
Among the promoters of the movement are Mr. Walter Crane
Mr. Burne-Jones, and Mr. William Morris, the object being to
bring before the public the work of the actual designer and
craftsman, as distinguished from the mere vendor or middle¬
man. The exhibition is full of interest.
The autumnal assembly of the Baptist Union of Great
Britain and Ireland began in Huddersfield on Oct. 1, and was
continued until the 5th. The delegates were received at the
Townhall by Mr. Alderman Joseph Brooke, the Mayor ; and
the Rev. John Haslam, President of the Yorkshire Association
of Baptist Churches, welcomed the delegates.
The Birkbeck Literary and Scientific Institution opened its
sixty-sixth session on Monday. Oct. 1. Nearly 200 classes
meet weekly in commercial and technical subjects, mathe¬
matics, natural, applied, and mental science, languages,history,
literature, art. music, law, &c. Special classes are arranged
for University, Civil Service, and other examinations. The
classes are open to both sexes.
The Registrar-General reports that in London 2395 births
and 1314 deaths were registered in the week ending Sept. 29.
Allowing for increase of population, the births were 325, and
the deaths 94, below the average numbers in the corresponding
weeks of the last ten years. The deaths included 30 from
measles, 22 from scarlet fever, 27 from diphtheria, 13 from
whooping-cough, 13 from enteric fever, 77 from diarrhoea and
dysentery. The deaths referred to diseases of the respiratory
organs rose to 213. but were 11 belovv the corrected average.
Different forms of violence caused 01 deaths.
MARRIAGES.
On. Sept. 26. nt St. John’s Church. C’otchlll, Cumberland, by the Rev. H.
Slater, M.A., Vicar of Bvwell St. Andrew, Northumberland, as*l>t<xl by the
Rev. .J. Howard, Vicar of the parish, and the Rev. R. Duncan, M.A., Vicar of
St. Jnmet>'P ( Whitehaven, Robert Hodgson, only son of Thomas Hor-
roeks, Ksq.. J.P.. of Eden Brows, Cnnilierlnnd. to Margaret, eldest daughter
of the late Robert Thoinlinson. Esq., of Carleton. and niece of John
Thomllnson, E*q., of Knplcthwaltc, Cumberland. No cards.
On Sept. 27. at Holy Trinity Church. Kilburn, by the Rev. Reginald
Pearce, Francis Robinson, of Great Yarmouth, to Mary Ann, elder daughter
of John Faith, of Kilburn.
DEATH.
In Meraorlani. In loving memory of I^eopoldlna Margaret Rnncan,thc
beloved daughter of the Chevalier K. Biletta, who died Sept. 28, 1883.
«* 0 » The charge for the insertion of Births, Marriages, ami Deaths,
is Five Shillings.
PARIS-SHORTEST. CHEAPEST ROUTE.
A Vui NF.WHAVJSX. DfBt'PK, and ROUKN.
EXPRESS DAY SERVICE—Every Weekday a* ondcr:-
Wedneaday, .’ 10
Tli
Tina Express Day Sen ice will
including Tuesday.Oct. 16 only.
X1UH l‘ 8KHY Icfc.—Leaving Victoria 7.50 pan., and Londor
Bridge h ]«.m. every Week-day and Sunday.
FARESLondon to Paris and Iwck—1st Clan*. 2nd Claw
A i nilahle for Return within one month .. £‘> if*. . £2 in.
Tlnrd Class Return Tickets (by the Night Sen ice), 32s.
The Brittany. Normandy, Paris. and Rouen, splendid fan
poddlc-stearner*, accomplish the passage between Ncwhaior
and DiepiH* fmiiientli in about 3| hour*.
id Dir)
nOll full particulars, nee Bills, to be obtained
A nt Victoria, London Bridge, or any other Station, mid
UHIRTS-FORDS EUREKA.
" The moat perfect fitting made."—Observer.
Gentlemen desirous of purchasing Shirts of t be l>r*t qualif v,
•Mould try FORD S EUREKA. »*.. 40*., 4.»«. half-dozen.
CHIRTS.—FORD’S EUREKA SHIRTS.
Special to Mmmire.
Illustrated Self-measure post-free.
TL FORI) and CO., 41. P oultry. Loudon.
/ )U> SHIRTS Refronted. Wrist and Collar
v' Dandl'd, tine linen, three for ft*.; Superior, 7s. 6tl.; Extra
Fine, 9*. Send three iuot less) with cash. Returned ready for
use carriage fold.—R. FORD and L'O.,41, Poultry, London.
/ 17'GIDIUS.-Tho only FLANNEL SHIRTS
J.sJ that never shrink in washing, not if washed ion times.;
Elastic, soft as silk, tiro tor Sis.: Extra Quality , two for 27*. 1
Carnage free. Write for Patterns and Self-measuro to
R. FORD and CO.. 41, Poultry. London.
ZpGIDI US. - GENTLEMEN S UNDER- ]
J.1J VESTS, ■iiiiuiier mid winter weight, 32 to 4* inches
:; Pant -
it'll; Pant*
ie half-dozi
Pan (*, a*. «d. r
■f-dozm. Self-
*,lt. FORI) am
m free from the S.
I. Poultry. L
J^LORILIXE. For the Teeth and Breath.
delight*- I
cleanse* partially-decayed teeth from a
animalciif®, leaving them pearly white,
Oil fragrance to the breath. The Fragn
instantly ail odour* a ruing from a fati
.. . ...*..1 of honey.
BRISTOL SIXTH TRIENNIAL MUSICAL
FESTIVAL HI T. Hi. 17. 1-. 1". Ink*.
Porn morning (•ONCF.RTrt:—•* Elijah," •• Fourth Mae*."
•• Chi'i iirmii." *' Ho*e of Mwron," " Walpitrgi* Night." "Golden
Legend." " Messiah."
THREE EVENING CONCERTS. Including " Jphigenin,"
Gluck; " Romeo and Juliet," li«‘i lu>*. &r.
Me*lame* Alban:. Anna William*. Trebolli, Pntry, Belle
Cole ; MeEdward Ll-qd, C. Rank*. Wntkin Mill*.
M. Wot luck, and Sant ley.
Conductor, Sir CHARLES HALLR.
Ticket Office. Colston Hall.
Special Railway Arrangement a, see Programmes.
IfRMiY Cookr. Hon. See.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION,
-1- West Brompton,Earl'a-Court.nnd West Kensington.
Patron :
HIS MAJESTY the KING of ITALY.
Hon. President:
HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS the CROWN PltlXOE of ITALY.
Director-General:
JOHN R. WHITLEY, F.*q.
President of tho Reception Committee:
Colonel J. T. NORTH.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
A THR GREAT SUCCESS OF l*>*
TDK EXHIBITION OF THE YEAR.
ITALIAN SCULPTURE. PAINTINGS, and INDUSTRIES.
ROME 1' N DE It Tl117* K MI*f!R(>! 1 NT V s.
On the “ WILD WEST" ARENA.
noMAN coliseum'.
1 YCECM THEATRE.—Sole Lessee.
U Mr. HENRY IRVING.
EVERY EVENING nt *.45, MATINEE, Saturday at 2.
Mr. RICHARD MANSFIELD a*
The BARON CHKVItlAL III
A V A RISI A N ROMAN O E,
Play in Five Act*, by M. Octave Feuillet. Preceded at 7.4.1 by
LESIIIA. Ch^iril Comedy in One Act, by Mr. Richard Dave}.
Lc*iiiii, Mi.*8 Beatrice Cameron.
Box-office (Mr. J. Hurcn Open Daily front IO (o 5.
ITALIAN EXHIBIT! O N.
A ILLUMINATED GARDEN FETE EVERY EVENING.
I EPHTHAHS VOW, by Edwin Long, R.A.
“ Jeplilhah'* Return," "On the Mountains," and “The
Martyr”—ON VIEW, with bin celebrated “Anno Domini,"
“Zeu xi*nt ('rotmm," ,tc„at TH E G ALLEHIES, 1C8, New Bomi-
Birtet. Ten to Six. One Shilling.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.)
A Admission to the Exhibition, 1*. Open 10 n.m. to 11 p.m.
daily. ViM KNT A. APPUX, Secretary. {
THE YALE OF TEARS—DORE’S Last
A Great PICTURE, completed a few day* before he died
NOW ON VIEW at the DOR EG A LLEBY.33. New Bond-street.
with his other great Picture*. Ten to Six Daily. One Shilling.
THE NEW GALLERY. Regent-street. I
A arts AND CRAFTS I NHIBITION SOCIETY.—Tlie
first Exhibition is NOW OPEN, Admission l*.-W A l.TKIl
Crank. President. Ernest Kadkoud, Secretary.
TRISH EXHIBITION.
OLYMPIA, KENSINGTON.
THE GREATEST SUCCESS.
A 1)M LSSHiN, ON e’sHILL 1 \g!"’
Four Military Band*. Tin* Sh un Fight, A-r.
ILLUMINATIONS and FIREWORKS Every Kveimur.
C'J.OLDEN HAIR.—Robare's AUREOLINE
1 Va produces the beautiful golden colour *o wnrh admired.
Warranted perfectly harm less. Price 5*. 0<l. and m*. sd., of all
i principal Perfumers and C’lieinmte throughout the world.
Agents, R. HOVKNDEN and SONS, 31 and 32, lierncrs-ai., W.
TJ ERCAT. — EGYPTIAN RALL. — Twice
1 X Daily at Three and Eight.the ASTOUNDING MYSTERY
of “SHE," HKRCAT'S latest and greatest invention; hi*
Vent nlo.juial unit Magical Melange, and the (.‘Hanning Vocal
Quartet* of the Celebrated S.stera JONG HM AN. Admission
LJOLLOWAY’S PILLS and OINTMENT.
The Pills parity the blood, correct nil disorder* of the
liver, stomach, kidneys, and bowels. The Ointment is un¬
rivalled in the cure of hud legs.old wmiuds.Koiit.rliciiinatmili.
WTALKERS CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES.
* ▼ An Illustrated Catalogue of Watches and Clocks at
reduced price* sent free on application to
JOHN WALKEIl. 77, Conilnll; and 230, Regent-Street.
TOWLE’S PENNYROYAL and STEEL
PILLS for FEMALES. Sold in Boxes, 1*. Ijd.nnd ■_•*. t<d..
VALUABLE DISCOVERY for the HAIR.
“ If your hair is turning grey, or white, or falling off
use "The Mexican Hair Rencxver.” for it will positively
restore in c\ ery case (.'r. y or White Hnir to it* original colour,
without leaving the disagreeable smell of most " Restorers."
It makes the hair clnirn:iiu:ly beautiful, a* well as promoting
the growth of t lie hair on bald spots, where the glands arc
not decayed. "The Mexican Hair Kenewer" is sold by
Chemist sand Perfumer* ei cry where, at 3*. 8d. i»er Bottle.
TYIABETES MELLITUS (Zuckerhamruhr)
A.’ Thoroughly Cured. Warranted through thousands of
*u<’rr"tnl 11 ■ a; ui. ii;s.-ml Ml] pan.’ui.'lnr.*, w ith 2U-. fee.
to Dir. 1IILAV, Cbenmitr. (Saxony).
the LINCOLN and .MIDLANDCOUNTIES DRUG ( (>..Lincoln, j
yi//en & Hanburys j
Castor Oil
Tasteless. Pure. Active. j
Sold everywhere at 6d., 1/, 1/9 Si 3/.
“ It possesses all the advantages claimed for !
it."' -Lancet.
IMPORTANT WORK ON INDIA.
At all Libraries, l vol., crown m o. price 7*. fld., Illustrated,
A N INDIAN OLIO. By Lieutenant-
Ak General E. F. BURTON (of the Madras Staff Corps'.
Author of " Reminiscences of Sport in India," Ac.
NUDA VERITAS
i Hard as Stone I
j AniMAcsOaicHT m l/cmc/r.C/vcs |
them Appetite & keeps them in health.
■' F1K
“Give* the animals *nlt In it
Avoids the dirt, diw, ami
it evil* of the use of Hook Suit.”
Price, complete with Bracket, 2s.
Extra Rollers. 8d. each.
, SADDLERS, IRONMONGERS, < ORN DEAL!
LONDON, S .E.
THE SECRET OF SUCCESS III
“A new invention is brought before the public, and commands success. A score
of abominable imitations are immediately introduced by the unscrupulous, who, in
copying the original closely enough to deceive the public, and }X‘t not so exactly
as to infringe upon legal rights, exercise an ingenuity that, employed in an original
channel, could not fail to secure reputation and profit.”— Adams.
CAUTION. Examine each Bottle, and see that the Capsule is marked ENO S
FRUIT SALT. Without it you have been imposed on by worthless
imitations. Sold by all Chemists.
Prepared only at ENO’S “FRUIT SALT" WORKS, LONDON, S.E., BV J. C. ENO’S PATENT.
, my Masten
} e lack ?
fEarlie Englyjhe Soape
Establyshed ioo Years,
Fears' Soap *«*-’*>
gP ^Vy.^ t es -1 ni o m i a J 7 f r 6 m M ad a me Adelina Patti
"thove found i t : mwte(dess Cor the hands"
--and complexionp
TtSVIMOMJAl. FROM
Mrs Lah^try. -• -’ r f\
"Iturn vtuchplensure in slating thatIhave used " ^
\mrSoap for some time and prefer ictoamrn other” xis
A Special Preparation fory e Complexion :
Sj||®H||s ufed and recommended bye
Mif r ef r Adelina Patti , Mif
trefs Lillie Langtry , and
^ ^ othere beauteous Ladyes.
Y e Soape is marvellous for improving
y e Complexyon, and for keepynge y e
handes inne nice ordere. Y e Proprie¬
tors of PEARS’ SOAP are y e makers
bye Royal Warraunt to y e |Jrtnte of
dadame Marie RozEMaplescS^^^^T '
\&J dor preserving the conifxtefibn he pun
shin soft, free from Redness an d
glr roughness, and the hands in nice '*
ffih- condition it is the finest Soap in
SlPt the Mvrld.
O’CONNELL ” MONUMENT WHISKY (IRISH),
"WALLACE" MONUMENT WHISKY (SCOTCH),
THE “BAILYHOOLEY” WHISKY (IRISH),
ROBINSON and CLEAVER'S
MADE WITH
CAMBRIC POCKET
HANDKERCHIEFS.
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
ROBINSON X. CLEAVER, BELFAST.
extracts’
COLD MEDAL AWARDED
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
,«k INTERNATIONAL
I tViHE ALTH EXHIBIT ION,
^Pleasure to us f
marked benefit, patients fre-
qnently retaining ft after
every other food had been
rejected.”—.London Medical
Grinding
KROPP
e<llcal a
Food:the
Guaranteed by the use of HUNT’S FAMILY
PILLS. Large numbers of people in robust health
can testify to the truth of this assertion, having
regulated themselves entirely by these Pills for
over 50 years. One pill will invariably relieve,
and a little perseverance radically cure, either a
Torpid Liver, Costiveness, Indigestion, Pains in
the Back or Head, Influenza or Feverish Cold,
Rheumatism, Lumbago, Flatulency, or Giddiness.
they restore: brightness to the eye,
CLEARNESS TO THE COMPLEXION, SHARP¬
NESS TO THE INTELLECT, AND ENERGY TO
BOTH MIND AND BODY. To Ladies they are
invaluable. Sold everywhere, in boxes, Is. lid.
and 2s. 9d. Wholesale Agents, WILCOX and Co.,
239, Oxford-street, London. Post-free.
REAL GERMAN HOLLOW-GROUND
onderful.
grew’ str
MOTTERSHEAD & CO. (S. Pai
MANCHESTER
MAPPIN & WEBB,
U*ai.UrAOTtr«ER3,
Supply the Public at Warehouse Prices.
•tv&Hanfe
^ Perfected’’
Cod Liter Oil
TOLL SIZE ANTIQUE FLUTED TEA Atm
COFFEE SERVICE
Sterling Silver, M «.., ElMro ^
WEDDING PRESENTS, TESTIMONIAL PUte.
iurtiiiut diets.
I U.WSTRATED CATALOGUE POST-FREE,
' a ,_ oxf °RD- s treet, w-
ND *-Sw
bynin
lit I-l
propor
ilusbie
Z>
OCT. IS, 1888 ■
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE CHANCERY LANE SAFE DEPOSIT
■ _____ . simmuon 1 A aBRATTfATinNAT.SAFF.nl
A GREAT NATIONAL SAFEGUARD.
QIJANCERY-T.ANK SAFE DKmsifT
A NECESSITY OF Tl!K TIME.
QUA NCERY-LANE SAFE IK70SIT.
A GREAT NATIONAL SAFEGUARD,
CHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
/\ NECESSITY OF THE TIME.
QHANGERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
GREAT NATIONAL SAFEGUARD,
g HANOERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
NECESSITY OF THE TIME.
QHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
^ GREAT NATIONAL SAFEGUARD.
QHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
A -NECESSITY~OT
QHANCEKY-LANE
iAFE DEPOSIT
[CEKY-LANE 8 AFEOtI-u.SH. | .~ . „ O n *
Annual Rent of Safe, 1 to 5 Guineas; Annual Rent of Strong Rooms, from 8 Guineas,
MlSrY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT | FULL CONFIDENCE of its ABILITY to | |NROAI)S of THIE VES, and from | pEO PLE j»rfijnow_ COMPELLED U
__— E " a rA<, -‘ —- CEKVE ITS PATRONS in all ITS DESTRUCTION by FIRE, ™ S EEK O THER MEANS of
DESTRUCTION
SERVE ITS PATRONS in all ITS
SECOND to NONE as
REGARDS SAFETY and
PROTECTION for their WEALTH.
THE TIME HAS GONE BY WHEN
OBLIGED TO LAY OUT
DEPARTMENTS with the BEST of itsKIXD.
.called
|_ARGE SUMS OF MONEY
RURGLAR-PROOF safes.
gEFORE the ERA of
QONVENIENCeT ami HAS the
ADVANTAGE of BEING
LOCALLY SITUATED.
|T PLAt'Es r ITSELF BEFORE the
prill.1C with the
PRIVATE SAFES !
QWN HOUSE or
111 FI' l'l JlJNDthe way to I QFFICE can be CO
Wrong-boxes, and | absolutely tri
;, and Telephone Rooms Free of Charge.
DEPOSIT COMPANIES,
S AFE _
gVERY PERSON SEEKING a
" pLACE WHERE HIS
VALUABLES WOULD BE SAFE from the
Prospectus and Card to View post-free on application.
before the
61 and 62, CHANCERY-LANE, LONDON
ROBINSON l CLEAVER’S LINEN
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
L* dips’ S-fold,
BOYS’ SCHOOL
OUTFITS.
LTFFS: For Ladies, Gentlemen, ai
Children, from &a. 114. per doa.
Price-List$ and Samples, post-free.
Messrs. SAMUEL
BROTHERS have
ready for Immediate
use a very large assort¬
ment of Boys’ and
Youths* Clothing.
They will also
he pleased to send,
upon application, pat¬
terns of MATERIALS
for the wear of Gentle¬
men, Boys, or Ladles,
together with their
new Illustrated
Catalogue of Fash¬
ions, containing about
300 Engravings. Tills
furnlslies details of the
various departments,
with Price-Lists, Ac.,
and is -a useful Guide
to Fashionable Cos-
ROBINSON l CLEAVER, BELFAST,
CORPULENCY
43EAUX.
iotes how to harmlessly, effectually, and
. Obesity without semi-starvation dietary,
‘‘Sunday Times” says;—“Mr. Russell’s aim is to
dirate, to 'cure the disease, and that his treatment is
true one seems beyond all doubt. The medicine lie
scribes does not lower but builds up and tones the
tern." Book, 116 pages (8 stamps).
F. C. BUSSELL, Woburn House,
Store-street. Bedford-square, London, w .C,
Recipe and
rapidly cun
BRIDAL
ASTHMA, CHRONIC BRONCHITIS,
BRONCHITIC ASTHMA, HAY FEVER, and INFLUENZA.
Harrison Weir, Esq., writes:—“I not «»nly use the Ozone
Paper myself, but T recommend it v . ..
with as the best remedy for their com
Dr. Woodward. Worcester, writes^-
fhavo° ried, ana (iiubcI Hie mme with
patients." _ . „
28. «d. and 4s. 6d. of ^
wuhhAbe Postal Union.
K. HUGGINS, Chemist, 199, Strand, LONDON.
Paper than anything
gard to ray asthmatic
Chemists;
country'
LOUIS”
VELVETEEN
UMBRELLAS,
“ETON.” Boys, and Ladles.
Messrx. Samuel Brothers* “ Wcftr-Re.-lnting " Fabrics
1 Keg.) are especially adapted for BOYS* HARD WEAR.
SAMUEL BROTHERS,
Merchant Tailors, Outfitters, &c„
65 & 67, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C,
y "see thisTnameison
EVERT UMBRELLA FRAME YOUBUY
S.FOX &'C?Limited
’PATENTEES&SOLE MANUFACTURERS OFAIL;
^CTERLING IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FRM^
S)ierlal A|ii»liuiiie:it.
LADIES’ DRESSES
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
PEARMAN
-ft-lTD
SPEARMAN
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided improvements (protected by
Letters Patent) which give increased
Stability and greater Neatness to tho
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
facture the Steel specially lor all
their frames and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferior
makes.
EXQUISITE DRESS MATERIALS
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
The highest taste, best qualities and cheapest
prices. In Pure Wool only.
Carriage Paid ; and any length Is cut.
Orders
These beautiful Goods are supplied to
lemselves. not through Agents or Drapers.
BUY DIRECT FROM
SPEARMAN and SPEARMAN.
PLYMOUTH. DEVON.
PURE CONCENTRATED
this Article, please ask for
>ure Concentrated Cocoa.”
iR. OX’S ELIXIR DENTIFRICE, composed
only of Vegetable and Balsamic Ingredients, is tin*
best Tooth-Wash extant. It removes tartar, and
its constant use contributes greatly to the )>re-
servatlon of the Teeth. It is invaluable to sninki rs
Of Chemists. U. »d. per Bottle; or post-free f <r 3-*.
from the Agents, F. NEWBERY and 80X8,
1, King Ed ward-street, E.C.
The ‘Perfumed Kealm.s of glora,
■Mir (hart,
Fair Flora, the Goddess of Flowers, one
Hnd summoned her legions around ;
Ami thus she addressed them in aweet,
■My wishes letecho resound;
'Tit* my wish to distil from each beaut if
That peopa from the dew-spangled set
The choicest, the sweetest, the richest i
And such as arc fit for a Queen."
Then the beautiful rose raised its sweet
And the violet crept from its bed ;
The jessamine, sweetbriar. lavender, to.
Their fragrance around her now shod.
“ .Vow list,” said fair Flora ; and.waving
For^hubhllngaloft Som aArtrauffof tl
Cama gushing the sweet “ FLORILIN
KINAHAN’S
mellow tones
PREPARED
CALIFORNIAN
BORAX.
WHISKY
her Laud,
Certain I HARNESS’! Cure.
ELECTRQPATHIC BELTj
Sciatica. J
THE tlOCSKHOr.n THKASUTIK."
Antiseptic —Marvellous Purifier
Arrester of Decay—Preserver.
FLORILINE
FOR THE TEETH AND BREATH
Is the beet Liquid Dentifrice.
Cleanses the Teeth,
Hardens the Gums,
And purifies the Breath.
Preserves the Teeth by
Removing immsitos. and
Renders them pearly white.
Price 2s. od. per Bottle, la case.
Of all Chemists and Perfumers.
FOR PERSONAL AND
DOMESTIC USES.
Market Street,
HleclropatHi
»tua. After
Safe — Agreeable
Absolutely Pure.
unrameed to generate a mild continuous current of
toctricity. which speedily cures all Disorders of the
erves, stomach. Liver and Kidneys. Thousands of
■ - n ■•ampliiw A Ailvieeffeeoa
ii»l>lir;t(ion loMr.C. I*. If n raw*ftys*
■>£ Meet "tutu, the IlflUepy to. I.itl.
-n "nvrnan c»T*'- 0N0CIN ' w -
)2i OXFORD
all to«tlHy. If PQMlblr. nr write nloace ,
THE ANGLO-AMERICAN DRUG CO. (Limited),
33, FA BRING DON-ROAD, LONDON.
*t„ wnn ram. traiiu hark (rroi*.).
Bold by all Grocers aud Dealers iu Household RcqitMta
PATENT BORAX COMPANY,
Manufacturers. Works: BIRMINGHAM.
198. Strand, aforceald.—S aturday
Printed and Published at the Oilier,
id, In tho Parish nf fit. Cl
Danes, In the Co
y , October a, 1888 .
THE MAORI FOOTBALL TEAM i FIRST MATCH AT RICHMOND, OCT. 3—AGAINST THE SURREY CLUB.
No. 2582.— yol. xcm.
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1888.
■118
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. is, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN
A medical paper furnishes us with the interesting information
of hoiv a collection for charitable purposes is made up from
a concert audience of about persons. There were found
in the bags J sovereigns, 4 half-sovereigns, tin florins, 1.10
shillings, tin.l sixpences, 'till threepenny-pieces, (1714 pennies,
and 2224 halfpennies. It has been found by experience that
in book-buying (which is the reason tvhy there are so many
two-shilling novels) a florin is the largest sum which the
ordinary railway passenger parts with easily ; in charity, it
seems, the coin is much smaller. Indeed, it is rather sur¬
prising to observe, in chnrch-going families of means, how
very small a sunt is generally provided beforehand when a
sermon " for the lienelit ” of something or other has been
announced on the previous Sunday. Of course, however, there
are exceptions to this economical practice. I remember a
friend of mine, constant in his attendance at what used to
be a famous “high church” place of worship in Knights-
liridge, being ns’ted in church, in ray presence, by a total
stranger to lend him his address-card and also a five-pound
note for the collector. My friend complied; and after
church I ventured to point ont to him that he had
been a little imprudent. It would have been easy enough
to pretend to put something into that highly-ornamented
velvet bag, and then to withdraw it; moreover, the charitable
gentleman need not have been so eager with his handsome
subscription, but might have sent his cheque the next day.
My friend admitted the cogency of my remarks, and I (being
very young at the time) congratulated myself not a little
upon my superior intelligence and forethought. Only, by the
first post next morning my friend got his money. Both these
gentlemen were what, of course, would be called in the Great
llcpiiblic ‘-champion churchgoers"; but there are many
benighted persons whose only notion of orthodoxy is a sub¬
scription, not to the Thirty-nine Articles, but to the plate.
There is a pleasant American story of a storm at sea, when
matters had become so serious that the skipper requested any¬
one acquainted with such matters to conduct a prayer-meeting
in the chief cabin. Either through ignorance or modesty,
everyone declined this office; but one gentleman, anxious to
do something, however slight, in the direction indicated,
observed that though preaching was out of his line, he would
willingly “ mako a ( W-Iection.”
It is an unfortunate peculiarity of the more combative of
oar philanthropists, and especially of those who have been
called (not without some justice) Anti-everything-arians. that
they seldom trouble themselves to study the nature of the
subject they assail. They may he right enough in their views,
but when they give their reasons for entertaining them they
often show quite a curious ignorance of the matter in
question anil of those who practise what is found fault
with. The teetotaller, for example (as if he had not work
enough on his hands without making enemies outside the ring
of spirit-drinkers), almost always falls foul of tobacco as
being an incentive to intoxication ; a statement which, to those
acquainted with the subject, does not bold bis favourite
beverage—water. The habitual smoker hardly ever drinks,
and tobacco has done more to banish wine from our
dinner - tables than all the arguments that have been
directed against it. This ignorance is caused, probably, by
extreme virtue; the teetotaller knows nothing about "the
poison pipe" and its contents; but the display of it
weakens his cause. The Bishop and the Chancellor of Carlisle
have recently been denouncing gambling, and with; great pro¬
priety : for, next to drink, it is, perhaps, the vice that causes
the most widespread misery. But (what is not surprising,
perhaps, in a Bishop and a diocesan Chancellor) they do not
seem very well acquainted with what they denounce. They
contend that its immorality consists in the fact that
money passes from one man to another with a dead
loss to one, and an unreasonable gain to another.” This
may be said of “threepenny whist” (and even that great
moralist, Dr. Johnson, express'd his contempt for playing at
cards “ for nothing," as being a sheer waste of time) or of a
bet of a pair of gloves with a lady. No person of common-
sense would call this “gambling," anymore than speculating in
a raffle, which the Bishop admits he has done—though with an
unsatisfactory result. The simple fact is that the proper
definition of gambling is, playing for more than we can afford.
Penny points at whist may be gambling in a very poor man,
and pound points not be gambling in a rich one. When the
game ceases to be an amusement from the size of the stake, and
the stake, and not the game, is the attraction, then, and then
only, gambling begins. The next greatest gamblers to the book¬
makers on the turf, and the City clerks and small tradesmen
who are ruined by them and led into crime, are often our
bankers and merchant princes, who, though they never bet a
shilling, "hack their own opinion” in their “operations"
with a freedom rarely seen at Doncaster or Ascot; their
success in this is t-'rmed “ commercial enterprise."
The “ Man Hunter " is a story-book which should in these
days, when we are all man (or monster) hnnting, have a phe-
noiuinil circulation. It purports to narrate the actual experi-
e ice of a police detective, and is rather a good hook of its kind ;
but as one re ids about, the hard nnts he had to crack, it cannot
hut strike o in how very much harder is this terrible nut in
Whitechapel. I am not one of those who cry shame upon the
police bemuse they have failed to discover what half the
intelligence (and all the fully) of London has failed to dis¬
close. By the time this- words are read it is possible the
mystery may be solved, and at least one-tenth of one’s acqnaint-
nnce will lie telling us how they had predicted and even written
(private) letters to the Home Office about it, from the very
first; but at present even the most keen-sighted of us arc all in
the dark, and yet we expect that our policemen should know
all about it as though the darkness were physical, aud they
must needs throw light upon it because they carry a lantern.
For my part, I have reason to be impressed with the sagacity
of the force with respect to this very matter. On the
day after the last massacre, a friend and myself agreed
to visit its scenes ; such expeditions are not at all
in onr line, aud I may say without vanity that though
one individual may perhaps be discovered (in episcopal
costume) as respectable-looking as either of us, there are not
two persons in the world who, together, could be pronounced
more respectable, or less likely to be found on any such errand.
Yet this is what happened. Having taken a ticket by the
1'ndergrouud to Aldgate, we inquired of a police inspector on
the platform whether the next train went thither—that and
nothing more ; and this is what he replied : “ Yes, gentlemen ;
aud when you get there yon will turn to the right, for Mitre-
square, and to the left along the Commercial-road for Berner-
street." Mr. Herbert Spencer himself could not have ex¬
hibited a greater talent for mental analysis; it would have
been unnecessary (in the ridiculous supposition of either of us
having been "disorderly”) for that Inspector to have drawn
his truncheon ; he might have knocked both of ns down with
a feather.
What adds a grain of disgust to the mountain of horror
excited by these crimes, is that, even if the wretch be caught,
he will he probably found to be mad, and therefore will cheat
the gallows, (If not mad. by-the-by. I wonder what the nnti-
punishment-of-death gentlemen will say to him ! It will be
rather a crucial test of "abolitionist” opinion.) Curiously
enough, in the only ease that can be said to be any sort of
parallel to it, that of Renwick Williams (nicknamed " The
Monster "), the criminal also escaped justice. //<• went about
with a large knife slashing women—not only, however, in poor
neighbourhoods like Whitechapel—and produced a panic in
the whole sex. Being at last caught in the very act, in
St. James’s-street, he was tried on a number of charges ; lint,
though capitally convicted, only suffered, for reasons best
known to Father Antic the Law, two years’ imprisonment for
three of them.
It is said that when the need for leadership, whether
intellectual or otherwise, arises, the leader appears with it—
that when the honr comes we always find the man ; but in
this case we have certainly not found the man. It must also
be admitted that no one has as yet shown himself “ keen to
track Suggestion to her inmost cell ” in the attempt to find
him. On the other hand, what is wanting in quality has been
amply made up in quantity ; never were there so many sug¬
gestions to “ the proper quarter.” mr such wild ones. Occur¬
rences which seize the public imagination, as was seen in the
Tichborne trial, prove, perhaps more than anything else,
Carlyle’s famous dictum as to what our population is
“ mostly ” composed of. In a single day’s voluntary con¬
tributions towards the solution of this mystery I notice no
less than twenty theories, all of which might have emanated
from ('olney Hatch. The general impression seems to be that
the murderer is a high-class religious enthusiast—of course it
may he so ; but I hope he will not, as usual, found a sect—
and the most popular remedy' is the employment of blood¬
hounds. Imagine a bloodhound, starting on this inquiry a week
after the event, restrained with difficulty by two policemen,
and followed and surrounded by certainly not less than twenty
thousand persons attracted by that gratuitous spectacle ! We
must go to poetry—" The Questing Beast"—for a parallel to that
sanguine and persevering animal. One gentleman writes : •• I
have seen boarliounds, not remarkable for hunting powers, carry
scent up Regent-street and l’ortland-place, in the early' morn¬
ing, in cither’SI or’82.” This is, to me, as great a mystery
as the murders. What dries it mean How did they " curry
scentIn scent-bottles, perhaps, round their necks, as the
St. Bernard dogs carry brandy. Another writes that blood¬
hounds are not necessary; "bassets and dachshunds, from
Germany, would be equally' efficacious." This I quite believe,
even though I have been hitherto under the impression that
a basset was a fish. If it he so, they might hunt in couples—
the dachshund on the pavement and the basset in the gutter.
“ The error is." observes this Correspondent, 11 that scent is
necessarily a foot scent. ... It depends more on the will-of-
the-wisp scent than the hounds.” This, again, is entirely
beyond my limited intelligence ; but the writer has hit upon
a good name for his own as well as the other theories.
They are all will-of-the-wisps, leading us, if they emit light
at all, upon a fruitless errand.
In gratitude to an old literary favourite, I mas: protest
against one gentleman’s theory who compares this Whitechapel
ruffian to A irk ,\f thr Word*, " the brutal hero of an old Indian
story.” He was not at all brutal, hut one of the mildest of
men, till the massacre of wife and little children by Red
Indians drove him frantic with rage against that merciless
race. It was not " a blind revenge," but a very intelligible
antipathy', always directed against murderers of the worst
type, and very much applauded by the youthful reader.
“Possibly,” writes this most amazing of all “our corre¬
spondents.” "the Whitechapel fiend may have read the story of
1 Nick of the Woods,’ and made it his model.” If so. he must
be mad indeed. It is jus' as likely that he was inspired by
“The Heir of Rcdcliffe.”
The correspondence of the Versailles printer who was
unexpectedly left a million of money the other day by a
Transatlantic relative—or who said he had been left it—must
be well worth printing. 11c has disappeared, and fortunately
someone has taken upon himself to open the letters addressed
to him. Everyone in the civilised world who wants a little
money, and is not much troubled by the sense of obligation,
seems to have applied to him: "Tinker, tailor, soldier, sailor,
gentleman, apothecary, plonghboy, thief"—the last named
class particularly numerous, though trading under other titles.
No less than eight hundred letters, we are told,emanated from
the fair sex. One of them goes so far as to say that “ she doats
on compositors”; another addressed her envelope to “ M.
Allamaher of Versailles, the Impersonation of Virtue
Rewarded ” ; and another, with audacious frankness, “ To the
Heir of Five Million Dollars.” To the world at large such a
correspondence must seem incredible ; but anyone who has
occupied a position which by any stretch of fancy can be con¬
sidered pnblic will have little difficulty in belie ring in it. It
is not necessary to have five millions of dollars to be supposed
to hold one’s property in trust for more or less deserving
objects ; while the interest evinced by total strangers in one’s
circumstances, opinions, habits, and even the state of one’s liver
would be complimentary (if one did not know better) in the
highest degree. A letter which, in my humble capacity of British
novelist. I had once the honour to receive from the other side
of the world had reference to the organ above mentioned.
“ Dear Sir,—1 perceive by the papers that you are indisposed,
and Idon’t wonder at it,considering the life you lead." [This was
a serious allegation, and from a total stranger, many thousand
miles away, rather alarming. However, the next sentence
reassured me.] “Yon don’t take enough exorcise. What’s
the matter with you is yonr liver. Take my advice, or you
will repent it. Dig in yonr garden an hour before breakfast,
and two hours before dinner. Use a three-pronged fork, not a
spade, and throw the mould well over yonr shoulders. I
remain, yonr Sincere Well-wisher.” Xothing could be
more considerate ; bat the writer was, of course, unaware of
the circumstances of my position. I have not got a garden,
nor even a three-pronged fork ; all my forks (except the
carving ones) are fonr-pronged.
THE MAORI FOOTBALL TEAM.
The manly English game of football is practised with spirit
in Xeiv Zealand not only by the Colonists and their sons of
our own race, but by some of the new civilised generation of
Maoris, among whom, in the North Island, many are educated
in schools and colleges, adopt English fashions of dress, enter
into business as farmers, sheep-owners, managers of saw-mills,
and in other trades or industries, possess a fair share of pro¬
perty, ride and drive good horses, attend the races, and enjoy
the amusements to which our own countrymen are partial
wherever they reside. In the New Zealand team of football-
players, however, now on a visit to England, there is a
mixture of the two races, colonial and native : and their
names, English, Scotch, Irish, and Maori, are W. Warbriok,
D. Gage, M’Cansland. Madigan, Keogh, Goldsmith, Elliott,
Wynyard, Ellison, Webster, Maynard, Lee, Anderson, Taiaroa,
and Karauria. They are dressed in black knickerbockers
and jerseys, which in the case of the Maoris, with their
dn9ky hue of face mid hands, gives them a rather sombre
aspect; but they are all men of fine growth, well knit and
well proportioned, and are skilled adepts in all points of the
game. When not playing, the Maoris wear certain mats and
articles of their native costume at their public appearances.
On Wednesday, Oct. 3, they came to Richmond for the first
time, in order to play a match with the Surrey Club, beginning
at half-past three ia the afternoon. The Surrey men who con¬
tended with them were members of different clubs in Surrey—
namely. Messrs. F. B. Hannen (Harlequins). A. B. Whitehead
(Old Leysians), C. Jordan (Guy’s Hospital), C. J. Prime (Guy’s
Hospital), W. It. M. Leake (Cambridge University), J. H.
Bryant (Guy’s Hospital), R. Allport (Clapham Rovers), X. F.
Henderson (London Scottish), A. Allport (Guy’s Hospital), W.
P. Carpmael (Blackheath), J. H. Dewhurst (Richmond), T. A.
Forde (St. Thomas’s Hospital). J. Gould (Old Leysians), T. W.
Lambert (St. Thomas's Hospital), and C. C. Moxon (St. Thomas’s
Hospital). The umpires were Messrs. €. Williams and F. W.
Bnrnard; the referee, Mr. Rowland Hill. The game was
played with great spirit and perseverance, but the New
Zealanders, after a while, got the advantage by their greater
collective weight and strength ; and when, finally, " time ” was
run out, and " no side ” was called, they left off the winners by
one goal, and a " try” to a try. Their play is considered to be
of high excellence ; and on Saturday, Oot. (1, playing at
Northampton against the picked men of that county, they were
again victorious, scoring two goals and four tries to nothing.
Sir Charles Warren's report to the Home Secretary on the
Metropolitan Police for 1SS7, shows that, while a consider¬
able increase had been made in the number of the officers
daring that year, there had been a slight decrease in the
strength of the men. The Commissioner has come to the con¬
clusion that there is great need for a very considerable
augmentation.
A large four-light stained glass window with elaborate
tracery has been -placed in the north transept of the parish
church of Burley, near Leeds. The window has been placed
by Mr. J. II. Denton in memory of his wife, who was a most
active worker among the poor of the congregation. The
artists are Messrs. Mayer and Co., who also, a short time ago,
filled the window in the north-west aisle.
The first public pleasure-boat to be driven hv electrical
power on the River Thames was launched on Oct. 8. It is
til.) ft. long, and designed to carry eighty passengers, with a
mean draught of 22 in. The electrical machinery and storage
being placed below the deck fore and aft, leaves a clear ran
the whole length of the boat for passengers. In the middle
is a handsomely fitted cabin with dining table, &c.
The Duke of Cambridge, accompanied by a brilliant staff,
made an inspection, on Oct. 4, of the troops of all arms
stationed at Aldershott. and witnessed some attack operations
which were hastily organised for the occasion.—At Portsmouth
on Oct. <i, in the presence of thousands of spectators, the Dnke
presented new colours to the Border Regiment, and in the
course of a spirited address recalled his own associations with
the old .1.1th.
Mr. Marshall, forty-seven years of age, while suffering, it
is said, from an attack of delirium tremens, threw himself
into the sea from the deck of the steamer Ionic, hound for New
Zealand, while the vessel was lying in Plymouth Sound ; and
Mr. E. It. M’Kinstrv, R.X.R., the second officer of the Ionic,
jnmpcd into the water after him, and in spite of the man's
resistance, succeeded in saving his life. Mr. M’Kinstry was
londly cheered for his gallant act.
We have received from Messrs. Swan Sonnensohein and Co.
four numbers of n publication entitled “Our Celebrities,” each
number containing three photographs, by J. Walery, of Regent-
street, of persons of note in politics, literature, art,and society,
with monographs by Mr. L. Engel. Among the portraits we
may mention a9 particularly good those of Sir Frederick
Leighton, P.R.A.: Mr. George Lewis, the well-known lawyer,
and Sir Morell Mackenzie, whose name is at present on so
many lips. “ Onr Celebrities ” will be welcomed by those who
desire a more intimate acquaintance with the habits and
appearanoe of onr great men.
OCT. 13, 1«88
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
419
THE PLAYHOUSES.
After considerable and unprecedented delay the Savoy
management permitted the public to know what name
had been fixed on for the new comic opera. It had been
rumoured that the subject had something to do with the
Tower and execntious in the days of Henry Till., and that the
daughter of a Tower warder had fallen in love with a political
nrisoner, and the grand chorus was to consist of Beefeaters in
their gorgeous mediaeval apparel, and that, warned by recent
experience. Mr. Gilbert had resolved to give ns a serious
libretto. So one fine morning, within a few hours of the first
uerformance. it was announced that ‘-The Yeomen of the
Guard ; or The Merryman and his Maid ” would be the title of
the last contribution to Savoy comic literature. In a very few
hours the result was known, and spread far and wide all over
London. An emphatic success was secured. There was no
doubt about that. Number after number was heartily encored.
The excitement of the house never flagged. No doubt everyone
present was prejudiced in favour of the authors of so many
delightful works, and they were inclined to overemphasise
their enthusiasm; but when all was said anddone no one could
doubt that the union of these two brilliant minds had
resulted in one more fanciful work, ingenious in idea,
delightful in melody, soothing to the senses, and harmless
in every scene and de'tail. This is a recommendation that is
often lost sight of when the Gilbert-Snllivan operas are
critically examined. These careful and conscientious artists
have ever given us an innocuous and wholesome entertain¬
ment absolutely devoid of offence. To the Savoy, people
can turn without fear, and lead there the young and
old alike. The young will not be awakened into curiosity,
nor will the old be shocked with levity These Savoy operas
have travelled all over the civilised world, their jokes have
been quoted, their songs have been sung in drawing-room,
parlour, and humble cabin : yet never yet have words been con¬
strued in an evil sense, or music defiled with that false excite¬
ment and sensuous allurement, that can do as much harm as
the most suggestive words that were ever written. In de¬
grading his art the musician is often quite as much at fault
as the poet; but to the honour
of Sir Arthur Sullivan it must
be said that he has elevated
everything that he has touched.
Wild and extravagant as have
been Mr. Gilbert's jests, the
musician has invested them with
a fancv peculiarly his own, and
there will be possibly only one
regret in connection with “ The
Yeomen of the Guard,” and that
is that, Mr. Gilbert has not cast
his “ Bab Ballad " manner wholly
away and resolved to work up to
Sir Arthur's high aims and
imaginative fancies. Mr. Gilbert
has been guilty of a compromise.
He has not abandoned his theory
of surprise, nor has he come out
altogether in a new suit of rai¬
ment, In the new book there is
an evident trace of the old Gilbert
still. He cannot divest himself
of his accustomed manners even
in deference to Sir Arthur Sulli¬
van's mute but silent appeal.
One would have thought that
the author of " Broken Hearts,”
of “ Charity," of “ Gretchen,”
and many another work, could
have been serious for more than
five minutes together. Bat it is
only in his lyrics that he has
surpassed himself, and that he is
found superior to anything he
has ever attempted before. One,
at least, of his songs is a poem
snch as a Herrick, a Lovelace, or
a Waller might have written. It
is perfect in form and beautiful
in fancy:—
Is life a thorn ?
Then court it not a whit;
Man Is well done with it.
8non as he a born.
Ho should all means essay
To put tho plngnc away.
Such a lyric as that—and there are plenty of the same pattern in
Mr. Gilbert's book—does not belong to the nineteenth century.
It is an imitation, and an admirable imitation, of the songs
and love-lays of the period when Queen Elizabeth's lovers
scratched odes in her honour with diamond rings on the Tower
window-panes. It Mr. Gilbert can take the pains to write such
verses as these, he can certainly look about him and some day
give us a book relatively as good as Sir Arthur Sullivan’s mnsic.
This he has not done. We feel the discrepancy. The musician
seems struggling to rise superior to Gilbertian jingles and
jokes; but it is only at odd times that his companion will
allow him to soar. It is after all immaterial from what source
Mr. Gilbert has derived his inspiration. If his new book were as
good as 44 Don Ciesar de Kazan,” or even that of the “ Mariiana ”
that was founded on it, no one would justly complain. In
parts it is exquisitely finished; in parts it is feeble and
commonplace. His verses were never better; but his
subject-matter is often thin. He seems to struggle not to
repeat himself, but breaks down in the attempt to be
original. Still, for all that, this latest oi)era marks the
recognised necessity of a change. The 44 Dab Ballad ” days
are over. They have been worn down to the last hair.
Mr. Gilbert is wise not to attempt to force them any more
on public attention in the form of comic opera. But
he would be wiser still if he could see that be has
a giant at his side who will no longer be forced into the narrow
channels of Mr. Gilbert’s ingenious conceits. Sir Arthur
^ullivan has shown, times out of number, what he can do with
hw partner s muse. He has decked it out in gorgeous apparel.
:{® has covered it with the garlands of musical fancy, and made
the jesters and the clowns possible by means of imagination,
l he musician now stands firm to his ground, and asks fora loftier
subject ; and Mr. Gilbert will give it when he is persuaded—
as he should be persuaded—that the time has come for him to
put b>9 shoulder to the wheel. No one can hear this new
opera without a profound sense of satisfaction. Tho melodies
a\ not be so "catchy ” as of old. but the dignity of the score
most impressive. It is tho kind of opera that cannot be
ppreciated at a sitting. Wo must hear it again and again in
oraer to appreciate it. It is only by the tbonghtleBs and the
gar that such music should be condemned, because the
*>y ® n v find » on® air that he can go home whistling
mn j anHe the bandmaster, the quadrille-seller, and the valse-
A a 1088 where to turn for a convenient subject. Sir
aruiur Sullivan has not written for the music-shop, the
promenade, or the ball-room ; but he has thrown into his score
* ex f >er * ence ’ bis faultless taste, and his curious knowledge
or the styles of past periods. There is not one bar that is not
interesting, and in "The Yeomen of the Guard” the com-
poser has done himself ample justice. Next time he will insist
on a book that will lift his muse even higher and higher to
success In a word, then, in "The Yeomen of the Guard”
^ir Arthur Sullivan has given us his best music and Mr.
Gilbert infinitely his best lyrics The book alone is trivial
and, in certain respects unworthy of both
a v®?*,*! 1 8cr ' 0U ® cri ticism apart, the new Savoy opera is a
i wr cnt crlainmcnt. The splendid stage picture of the
old lower of Londou, the brilliant costumes of the scarlet
Beefeaters, the dresses, accurate to a girdle and a button, of
the gallants and apprentices of London in the days of Henry
VIII., the groupings, and the perfect order of the viiKc-ni-
*cenr, would attract attention even if the new story were
thinner than it really is. Good taste and stage discipline can
do no more in these realistic and extravagant days. The com¬
pany, that has hail some new recruits added to it. has seldom
worked better together. The good services of Mr. Rutland
Barrington have been lost to this popular theatre, where he
has been well known for many a long year ; but his place is
admirably filled by Mr. Denny, a young comedian who made
the acting success of the evening. Few' who remember Mr.
Denny as the stolid policeman in Mr. Pinero’s “ Dandy Dick ”
had any idea that he is the possessor of an excellent voice,
and could be safely used for comic opera. His performance of
the jailer in "The Yeomen of the Guard ” is an admirable and
conscientious rendering of a difficult character. Mr. Denny
is an admirable foil to the quaint funniments of Mr.
George Grosstuith, the jester, who does his utmost to lighten
and brighten tho text. Mr Conrtice Pounds hns not only a
sweet tenor voice, but he acts without that wooden self-con¬
sciousness that belongs to operatic tenors in general. A tenor
in a dramatic sense is only another name for pardonable
stupidity. But Mr. Pounds does not bring to the Btage the
airs and affectations of the concert-room. He is cast for a
sentimental gallant of a past era, and he well represents the
man he is intended to be. Both Mr. Denny and Mr. Conrtice
THE QUEEN’S BUCK HOUNDS.
The Royal pack at Windsor, for the season now approaching
has plenty of sport in Btorc, as there are no less than sixteen
of last years stags now in Swindley Paddock, with the dozen
deer captured recently in Windsor Great Park, not forgetting
the one that was left out lying in Stoke Park, the seat of Mr.
W ilberforcc-Bryant. ’I here is every prospect of Mr. John
Harvey (the newly-appointed huntsman) opening a brilliant
season ; at any rat;, he will be more successful than Mr.
Frank Goodall, who hns just retired, was last season. The
forest runs will be continued through the month of October,
the meets being every Tuesday and Friday at the Royal Hotel,
Ascot Heath, each day at ten o’clock, previous to the regular
hunting season, which will not be before the first Tuesday in
November. On Tuesday, Oct. 2, they commenced forest-hunt¬
ing. Although the morning was dull there was a capital field
out. Mr. Harvey, with his whips, Cumings, Bartlett, and
Strickland, all well nionnted. trotted over with the hounds
from the Royal Kennels, where a number of sporting gentle¬
men and regular followers of the Queen's had assembled,
amongst whom were many of the Guards' officers from Windsor.
Shortly after ten o’clock a move was made to the Swindiey
Paddock, Windsor Forest, where a fine deer was let loose, anil
went away in excellent style towards Wokingham. It then
doubled over a nice bit of hunting country right away to Surly
Hall, by the side of the Thames, which it crossed near Windsor
Racecourse, and w’as taken at Cippingham Farm, near Slough,
after a first-class run. Everybody seemed to enjoy the day's
sport. _
OBITUARY.
THE RIGHT HON. SIR HENRY KEATING.
The Right Hon. Sir Henry Singer Keating. P.C.. LL.D., died
on Oct. 1. He was born in 1804, the third son of the late
Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Sheehy Keating, K.C.B., Colonel
83rd Foot ; was educated at Trinity College, Dublin ; called to
the Bar at the Inner Temple in 1832, and made a Queen’s
Counsel in 1849. He went the Oxford Circuit, and became
M.P. for Reading, 1852 to 1851) He filled the office of Solicitor-
General 1857, 1858, and 1859. and
in the latter year succeeded Mr.
Justice Crowder as one of the
Justices of the Court of Common
Pleas. He married, in 1843,
Gertrude Marianne, daughter of
Major-General Evans. R.A., and
was left a widower in 1804. Sir
Henry enjoyed the respect and
esteem of his judicial confreres.
His learning was considerable,
used habitually without ostenta¬
tion, and his gentle and courteous
nature made him a universal
favourite.
SIR A. ML’SGRAVE.
Sir Anthony Musgrave. Governor
of Queensland, died at Brisbane,
suddenly, on Oct. 9. His Ex¬
cellency, who wan the third son
of the late Dr. A. Musgrave,
Treasurer of Antigua, was born
in 1828. He was appointed
Treasurer of Antigua in 1854,
Administrator of Nevis in 1800,
Lieutenant-Governor of St. Vin¬
cent 1802, and of Natal in 1872.
In 1804 he became Governor of
Newfoundland, and was made
Governor of British Columbia in
1809. Sir Anthony went to South
Australia in 1873 to occupy the
position of Governor there, and
in 1870 held a similar post in
Jamaica. He had been Governor
of Queensland since 1883. Sir
Anthony was twice married.
My life ninsi
I might lmv<
Another morn l
CATCHING DEER IN WINDSOR TAJIK FOR THE QUEEN’S PUCK HOUNDS.
Pounds are a great acquisition to the company. Miss Ulmar
has never to our recollection sung or acted so well. Her voice
has improved in quality, and her dramatic rendering of the
wedding scene was admirable. Many could have wished that
Miss Rosina Brand ram had a better part, or, at least, one song
to enable her to show her taste and finish in simple
vocalisation. Mr. Temple is as useful as ever, and the chorus
is the finest that has been assembled at the Savoy for some
considerable time. In fact, only the very critical will find
fault. The musician will be more than delighted with all he
hears: the mere playgoer will find it difficult to complain;
the lover of delicate and dainty verse w ill be loud in praise of
Mr. Gilbert’s lyrics ; and the opera will grow upon the public
ear. Few who have seen it once will hesitate to seize an early
occasion for hearing it again.
Some interesting dramatic events are looming in the future.
Mr. Rutland Barrington opens the St. James's Theatre with "The
Dean and his Daughter.” dramatised by Mr. Sidney Grundy,
from the novel by Mr. Philips ; Miss Caroline Hill, Miss Olga
Nethersole, and Mr. Lewis Waller will be in the cast. On the
following u’eek the new Shaftesbury-Avenue Theatre will be
opened with a grand performance of " As You Like It.” cast
with great care. Miss Wallis will be Rosalind : Miss Annie
Rose, Celia: Mr. Arthur Stirling. Jaques; and Mr. Forbes
Robertson. Orlando. Great pains will be taken with the music
and the general scenery. The new theatre is a very large one.
and will hold about 3000 persons. It is isolated, and can be
emptied by innumerable doors in three minutes.
Captain Albers, of the Hamburg-American Company's
steam-ship Wielnnd. has been made a Chevalier of the
Dannebrog by the King of Denmark, for saving the lives of
the passengers and crew of the Thingvalla, Avhich foundered
recently, after collision with the Geiser near New York.
The late Mr. Octavius Morgan, Lord Tredegar's nncle, who
sat in Parliament for Monmouthshire for nearly fifty years,
has bequeathed his collection of clocks and watches to the
British Museum. There are between sixty and seventy clocks,
many of them of great value.
An account of fish seized daring the month of September
by the fish-meters apj»ointed by the Fishmongers’ Company at
and near Billingsgate Market and on board boats lying off that
place shows that the total quantity of fish condemned was
59 tons 10 cwt. This included whelks, 9 tons. 2 cwt.; whiting,
23 tons 5 cwt.; mussels. 8 tons 13 cwt.: periwinkles. 5 tons
8 cwt. 3 qr.; haddocks, 3 tons 1 cwt.; shrimps, 3 tons 0 cwt.
3qr. : sprat*, 1 ton ; and herrings, 1 ton 7 cwt. The weight
of fish deliverer! at and near Billingsgate Market during tho
month was 13,368 tons.
We have also to record the
deaths of—
Colonel Spencer Rimington, late Bombay »Staff Corps, at
Ealing, on Sept. 19.
Mr. Lewis Holland Thomas, of Caerffunon, Merionethshire,
J.P., on Sept. 28, aged seventy-six.
Captain John Sumner Eaton, late of the Royal Navy, at
Ryde, Isle of Wight, on Sept. 27, aged forty-eight.
Major-General Charles Pulley, late Madras Army, at
Shanklin, Isle of Wight, on Sept. 28. aged sixty-four.
Mr. John Leighton Wade Dennett, of Woodraancote Place
Henfield, Sussex, on Sept. 29, in his forty-seventh year.
Rev. Andrew Veitcb, late Rector of South Ferriby, Lin¬
colnshire, at Harrogate, on Sept. 27. in his seventy-sixth year.
Mr. John Arthur Locke, of North Moor House. Somerset, on
Oct. 2, aged seventy-three. He was educated at Eton, and was
a Magistrate for Devon and Somerset.
Mr. Bartholomew Charles Gidley, M.A., suddenly, at his
residence, Hoopern House, near Exeter, on Oct. 1. aged forty-
nine. He was for fourteen years Town Clerk of Exeter. J
Mr. George Stovin Venables. Q.C., on Oct. 6, at his residence
m Curzon-strcet. He was called to the Bar at the Inner
Temple in 1836, and took silk in 1863. He had been for many
years a Bencher of his Inn. J
Major-General Antonio Mattel, C.M.G., late Royal Malta
Fencible Artillery, at bis residence in Slierna, Maltn.on Sent 17
a ? ed eighty-four. He was son of Mr. Francis Mattei and
entered the Army in 1823, from which he retired in 1877
. Hon. Mrs. William Byron (Mary), youngest daughter
of the Rev. John Bnrnside, of Lnmcoto Honse Notts late
Rector of Pinmtree. and wife tfi the Hon. and Rev. William
Byron, M.A.. nncle of the present Lord Byron, at 17, Portland-
place, on Oct. 2, aged fifty-seven.
r„,ni ent T n i^- ne ^ C1 l arl<?9 xx Preeton MoIon r- staff
Corps on Sept 2,. at Tenby. He was the third son of the late
Rev. Weldon Moiony, Rector of Huuleckncy, county Carlow
and married in 18»o. Rosa Elizabeth, elder daughter of Ste
Ihornns Fetherston, fourth Baronet. b 1 ft r
Admiral Augustus Henry Ingram, on Oct S, at 10 Chil
worth-street. \\ estlwuinc-torrace, in the eighty-fifth
lus age. He entered the Navy as cadet in 1891 of
his Lieutenant's commission in The rame yeir ’ K
ascended the throne. He served in the lar-ship Bloldi ns
-.a a~L»
undergone complete restoration. 1 038 Itt!Cnt, ) r
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 13, 1888.—420
THE HEW Ol'EHA, "THE YEOMEN OF THE GUARD," AT THE SAVOY THEATRE.
THE J-tATHOVSEg.
TUE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct 13, 1888.
421
OUTCASTS SLEEPING IN SHEDS IS WHITECHAPEL.
J
HOMELESS.
A SUSPICIOUS CHABACTEB.
WITH THE VIGILANCE COMMITTEE IN THE EAST-END.
422
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 13, 1888
PAKISTAN SAYINGS ANI) DOINGS.
[From our oic/i Correspondent.)
Paris, Tuesday, Oct. 9.
President Carnot has been making another triumphal progress
through hia dominions, this time honouring Lyons with his
presence. Now, Lyons is an independent Republican centre,
where all opinions, even the most advanced, have their repre¬
sentatives—noisy representatives, too—ready to catch every
war cry and word of order. Nevertheless, at Lj’ons, just as at
Bordeaux and in Normandy, nobody says anything to President
Carnot about the revision of the Constitution, but everybody
says a great deal about local, industrial, commercial, and
agricultural interests, and about the necessity of peace, stability,
and steady labour. There is reason to believe that such is
the true sentiment of the serious and laborious majority
of Frenchmen. The cry of revision is that of the would-
be disturbers of public order; it is the cry of the Extreme
Left of the Chamber, raised purely in the interests of a Parlia¬
mentary and press campaign : it is the cry of the Boulangists.
Such being the case, is it not astonishing to sec M. Floquet—
who is at the head of the Cabinet, and who assumes
to be a statesman — joining in this revisionist clamour,
hurrying on the movement, and depriving the legislative
machine of its last counterpoise? 51. Floquet thus lays him¬
self open to charges of neglect of his duty towards his party
and towards his country, and his fall becomes surer every day."
To make his situation still worse, M. Floquet has conceived
the very inopportune idea of a decree obliging all foreigners
residing or intending to reside on French territory to make a
declaration at the police bureaux, and state their origin
and means of existence, with documents to prove their
identity. In France this decree has been most severely and
unanimously blamed as being contrary to the spirit of French
liberty and hospitality : it is also pronounced to be illegal,
inapplicable, and useless, and its revocation by the Chamber
is foretold to be inevitable. Meanwhile, since Oct. 4 the
Prefecture of Police has been receiving the declarations of
strangers at the rate of about four hundred a day ; and, apart
from the waste of time, the ordeal is not very terrible.
Travellers, tourists, and passing visitors to France are not
required to make any declaration ; the decree, however, is
silent as to the period of time during which a man may be
considered to be a “ passing visitor.” That this decree is
useless seems to be quite clear ; that it is undignified and
inopportune on the eve of the Universal Exhibition, and
months after the German measures concerning Alsace-Lorraine,
is also evident. That the Chamber will revoke the decree
may be hoped. The number of foreigners resident in France
amounts, according to recent, statistics, to 1,100,000, of whom
8*1,000 are English. 51. Floquet’s decree is supposed
to be directed against the Belgian and Italian work¬
men who abound in the French labour marketbut,
as has been pointed out by several, these foreign
workmen are chiefly employed in work which the
French workmen refuse.
The cold weather has Bet in here, and the begin¬
ning of winter has been notified to the observer of
minute details by two phenomena—the appearance
of furs iu the Allee des Acacias, and the return of
the Savoyards, who are now tranquilly roasting
chestnuts in their familiar portable ovens at every
street corner. A final and conclusive proof that the
holidays are over is the fact that the terrible
Boulanger has emerged from his summer hiding-
place and resumed his cynical campaign. “We
have no need of a political platform or programme,”
he said to an interviewer, the other day ; “ we have
only to keep quiet and to take advantage of the
mistakes of the Government.”
The theatres continue to revive old pieces, as if
there were really a diminution of creative euergy in
the dramatic world. At the Varictos we have a
revival of Offenbach’s “ Barbe-Blene,” with Jeanne
Granier in the role created by Schneider more than
twenty years ago. At the Porte Saint-Martin, the
old, old “Courrier de Lyon” has reappeared on the
bill, with Panlin Menier in the role of Choppard,
which he created, likewise, more than twenty years ago. Old
as it is, the “ Courrier de Lyon,” with Paulin Menier, is one
of the plays best worth seeing.
Paris has recently been gifted with a new public school for
girls—the third, called Lycee Molidre, and situated at Passy
These lycees, of which the idea dates only from 1880, are very
popular, thanks to their healthy and joyous construction, and
thanks also to their practical and unpretentious programme
of study. The pupils, all oat-students or day-boarders, aged
from seven to seventeen, are taught morality, French language,
literature, and history, general history and geography, natural
history, physics, chemistry, arithmetic, drawing, vocal music,
one modern language, English or German, gymnastics, and
practical dressmaking. The cost of this course of study is
£10 a year for the pupil from seven to twelve, £14 for the
pupils from twelve to seventeen years of age, and £84 for the
day-boarders. Each of these lycecs has from sixteen to twenty
professors, nearly all women. The new Lycee Moliere has cost
the Government to build £80.000.
The newspaper statistics of Paris inform us that at the
beginning of the present year there existed 1048 periodical
publications, comprising 94 political journals, 56 literary.
66 illustrated, lf» diplomatic or economic. 17 assurance,
68 Catholic. 21 Protestant, 2 Israelite, 24 Freemasonry, 27
military, 25 sporting, 146 financial, 85 commercial, 20 thea¬
trical, 84 legal, and 60 fashion journals. The reviews comprised
88 political and literary, 134 medical, 128 fine arts, engineer,
ing, and technology. 71 scientific, 72 pedagogic, 34 civil
service and administration, 43 agriculture and horticulture,
82 bibliography. In 1887 there were created 493 new period¬
ical publications, of which 243 perished before the end of the
year.
Through the death of Gustave Boulanger there is a vacancy
at the Institut de France in the fine-arts section. The candi¬
dates arc the painters Henner, Jean Paul Laurens, Carolus*
Duran, Lefevre, and Puvis de Chavannes. T. C.
The King of Portugal arrived on Oct. 7 at Barcelona,
where he stayed for a few days ; his Majesty afterwards visit¬
ing Madrid.
A banquet in hononr of Mr. De Keyser, the Lord 5Iayor of
London, was given on Oct. 9 in the Townhall, Brussels.
Among those present were the Belgian 5Iinister of Public
Works and Lord Vivian, the British Minister in Belgium.
The Czar and Czarina have received several deputations
from the Caucasian tribes, and have made several excursions
to surrounding districts. Their 5Iajesties have paid a visit to
Batourn. being present at the ceremony of laying the founda¬
tion-stone of a new orthodox cathedral. They afterwards left
for Tiflis.—The Grand Duke and Grand Duchess Sergius and
the Grand Duke Paul of Russia and suite have arrived at
Beyrout, and are travelling in Syria, the arrangements being
under the superintendence of Mr. T. A. Cook.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
ft will be remembered that we published the Portrait of
Captain H. B. Urmston. of the 6th Pnnjanb Infantry, who was
killed, with Major Battvc. of the 5th Ghoorkas, on Jane 18, in
the Agror valley, near the Oghi outpost beyond Abbotabad, in
a conflict with the revolted Akhalzai tribe of the Black
Killed on the BliU'k Mountain, North-west Frontier of India.
Mountain. Abbotabad is the frontier military station in the
Hazara district, which is situated to the north of Rawul Pindi,
in the Punjaub. and to the east of Peshawur. The mountain
range overlooking this district, and called “ the Black
Mountain," is infested by fanatical and hostile tribes, whose
incursions have often given some trouble to the British
Indian Government. An expedition to punish the enemy,
commanded by General M'Queen, set forth in the first days
of October ; the first column to move up the Kairkat Ridge
and on to Chittabut; the second column to Barachar and
Bampur Gali, throwing out a regiment to Nimla, and thus
connecting itself with General M'Queen, commanding the
third column, which would move up the Sumbalbnt spur, and
thence across the ridge to Seri. The fourth, or river column,
the objective of which was Kotkai, advanced eight miles
COLONEL THOMAS GRAHAM, H.A.,
Commanding the Sikkim Force in the War with Thibet.
algng the Indus, driving off the enemy from the intervening
ridge with shells, and the enemy lost five killed. On
Oct. 5 the first three columns occupied the ridge and
the fourth seized Kotkai. The first column lost two
men killed and two wounded ; the third column lost five
wounded. The fourth met with the severest opposition. After
the Royal Irish Regiment had carried the enemy's position,
about two miles from Kotkai, some Ghazi fanatics delivered a
counter-charge, but were -repulsed and killed to a man.
Captain Beley, D.S.O., of the staff (a most promising officer),
one native officer, two privates of the Royal Irish Regiment,
and one Sepoy were killed ; and Captain Radford, Lieutenant
Cleevc, eleven European privates, and one Sepoy were wounded.
The enemy’s loss amounted to about 200. The advance of the
third column was delayed by the non-arrival of the baggage.
Colonel Crookshank, C.B., commanding the fourth, or river,
column, was wounded on the 5th while making a recon¬
naissance. On the 9th, the first colnmn was five miles to the
north of Chittabut, while the third column had burnt the
enemy's villages on the western side of the mountains.
The Portrait of Captain Beley, of the 25th Bengnl Light
Infantry, appears on this page. Charles Harold Hepworth
Beley, a near relative of the Rev. C. Beley, Vicar of Manning-
tree, Essex, was educated at Blundell’s School, Tiverton, in
Devonshire; as a boy he was always bright and cheery, fall of
pluck and animal spirits, but thoroughly steady and reliable.
He was one of the most promising young officers of the Indian
Army, had served in the Afghan War, taking part in I ho
famous march from Cabul to Candahar, and iu the battle of
Candahar. when he was mentioned in despatches. He had passed
the Staff College, and had certificates of proficiency in Pushtu
(the language of the Afghans), Panjaubi, and Russian. He was
for some time attached to the Indian Intelligence Department,
where his attainments were fully recognised both by Sir Charles
MacGregor and Sir Frederick Roberts. He accompanied Sir
Frederick Roberts to Mandalay, and was in 1887 appointed
Deputy Assistant Qnartermaster-General in the Pnnjaub
Frontier Force. A private letter received from him at the time
says, “ Am I not lucky to get the post 1 It suits me admirably,
and General M'Queen iB a first-rate man to serve under. ’ He
was busily engaged, amongst other things, in sorting a collec¬
tion of General MacGregor's papers, when he was posted to
the Black Mountain Expedition.
Colonel A. C. W. Crookshank, C.B., who has been seveiely
wounded, served many years at army headquarters. and since
May, 1887, has been in command of the 34th Pioneers. He
commands a column of the Hazara Expeditionary Force.
Colonel Crookshank served in the Jowaki Expedition and in
the Afghan War, for which he was made a brevet Lieutenant-
Colonel.
In connection with the affair of June 18, when Captain
Urmston and Major Bntfcve were killed, the name of the brave
native officer, a Subahdar of a Ghoorka regiment, who be¬
haved with conspicuous gallantry on that occasion, was
incorrectly spelt in our notice accompanying his Portrait. It
should have been printed “ Kishenbir Nagarkoti.’’ For this
correction, and for other interesting information,
we are indebted to Colonel W. T. Stuart, of Balmoral
Lodge, a retired officer of the Bengal Staff Corps,
who was military interpreter to the Sappers and
Miners during sixteen years, and held important
posts on the staff in the Afghan Campaign.
THE SIKKIM FIELD-FORCE.
Some account of the hostilities which have arisen
between the Government of British India and the
singularly sequestered nation of Thibet, on the
mountain frontier of Sikkim, to the north of Dar¬
jeeling and Bhotan, within a few hundred miles
of Calcutta, has been given in this Journal. The
officer commanding the field-force engaged in these
operations, Brigadier-General Graham, who has
returned to the new fort of Gnatong, in Sikkim,
after his advance with little opposition into the
Chumbi volley, merits further notice, and we are
enabled this week to present a Portrait of him.
Colonel Thomas Graham, of the Royal Artillery, is
the youngest surviving son of the late General
Joseph Graham, of the Bengal Army. He entered
the Service in the year 1858. He served on the
North-west Frontier at the last Black Mountain
Campaign, for which he has the medal; and
throughout the Afghan Campaign, including the
capture of Cabul and the march to Candahar, receiving the
medal and bronze cross. He has recently served in Bnrmah,
whence he had hardly returned when he was selected for the
command of the Sikkim Expeditionary Force. He is brother
of Vice-Admiral Graham, R.N., now residing at Kingston,
Surrey.
OUTCASTS AT THE EAST-END.
The repeated horrible murders and mntilations of the dead,
perpetrated in the dark nooks and corners of a wretched
quarter in the vicinity of Whitechapel and Spitalfields, with
the failure of the police either to detect the criminal or to
guard against the commission of theBe atrocities, hove excited
much alarm. Various suggestions have been offered in the
correspondence of the daily newspapers, or submitted to Sir
Charles Warren, the Chief Commissioner of Police ; and it has
even been proposed that the keen scent of bloodhounds should
be employed to track the retreating path of the murderer. A
local •• Vigilance Committee" has been formed to watch the
neighbourhood of low lodging-houses, and the lonely courts
and alleys, where the miserable female victims of the in¬
describable cruelties that have shocked the public mind nro
stated to have been accustomed nightly to resort. One of our
Artists, having accompanied such an exploration of the dismal
haunts of a degraded class of the city population, amongst
whom, it may bo charitably hoped, not a few are comparatively
innocent of crime or vice, presents Sketches of the figures and
groups that he has seen, which, in any case, must appeal to
humane feelings of regret and earnest desire to check the
downward course of so many of our fellow-creatures in the
foal places of great and mighty Loudon.
The Chapel Royal, St. James’s Palace, which has been
closed for several weeks, will be reopened on Sunday, Oct. 14.
A Papal Bull has reached Dublin, appointing the Very
Rev. Michael Comcrford, Monasterevan, Coadjutor Bishop of
Kildare and Leighlin.
The King of the Hellenes, accompanied by the Crown
Prince of Denmark, arrived on Oct. 8 at Athens, where they
were heartily welcomed by the inhabitants.
A reconnaissance in force was made at Sonakim on Oct.A-
The Egyptians lost two men killed and twenty-five wonnded.
It is believed that the enemy suffered severely.
On Oct. 9 the thirteenth annual show of the British Dairy
Farmers' Association was commenced at the Agricultural Hate
Islington, and was a decided success. Her Majesty carried off
two first-class prizes.
A shelter capable of accommodating three hundred homeless
waifs was opened on Oct. 8 at 39, Mile End-road, Whitechapel.
This is an important addition to the vast system of chantame
relief for which the Hast End of London is becoming quite as
remarkable as for its poveity.
MAP OF THE BLACK MOUNTAIN, HAZAKA DISTRICT, NORTH-WEST FRONTIER OF INDIA.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
423
EMIN PASHA RELIEF EXPEDITION
UP THE CONGO AND ARUWIMI.
This present contribution of notes and Illustrations of a
deeply - interesting subject brings us up to the time when
Mr Herbert Ward came down to the coast with news and
despatches for the London chiefs of the Emin Bey Expedition.
On Feb 4 this year, at the Arnwimi Camp, he writes:
“Jameson’s’third anniversary of his marriage. We were not
able to do much in the celebration line. The Arabs started
firine at early dawn, and then set on fire the village they
attacked. It was a pretty, if sad, sight to see the place burn-
inz • I have sketched it (No. 1) for you. The Arabs killed
eieht men. and brought in the head of one who must have
been a fine fellow. Jameson and I sketched it, and we
shall pickle, salt, and preserve it, so that the head can be
mounted. Another head they lost—dropped it in the river,
The unhappy natives in hundreds took to their canoes and
made for up-stream, but are being slaughtered by the Arabs,
who occupy on island in the midst of almost impassable rapids."
Looking over Ward's letters and notes at about this date, I
am increasingly impressed with the difficulties Major Barttelot
had to surmount in the management of his camp. The scarcity
of food and the demoralisation of a long-delayed advance,
together with the slave-hunting raids of neighbouring Arabs,
made the maintenance of discipline less easy as it became
more important. Mr. Stanley's military officer in command at
Aruwimi seems to have been forced into severely punishing his
insubordinate followers. " Bangari ” writes Ward, “ who stole
some goat-meat, and who had 200 lashes with a chicotle, and
who has to parade daily in heavy chains for punishment, has
groan tired of it, and succeeded in getting away with his
guard's gun and twelve rounds of ammunition. He is a very
hardened scoundrel, and I should not be surprised if he has
concealed himself near by in the forest, so as to have a shot at
one of us as we walk up and down in the evening outside the
fort. A search-party is being sent out after him."
The Arabs in their raids do not have it all their own way.
They fall now and then, and after the fighting are used to
furnish forth cannibalistic feasts. Providence, however, is
most frequently, it would seem, on their side. There are no
incidents more" pathetic in the history of slave-dealing than
the inhuman huntings and burnings, and human captures
of the Arabs in Central Africa. But once in a way
the slave - catchers meet with their deserts. “ Feb. 5,
Sunday,” Ward writes : “ This morning seme of the
raiders came down from up - river, with news of a
defeat of ten of their number, cut to pieces by the
natives, who sought refuge in their canoes above
the rapids. Selim and his men started off, some
by the bank and some in canoes, to continue their
awful work up-river ; they returned in the even¬
ing, having only killed two natives.” On the
next day Selim informed Ward that the natives,
200 and more, had escaped in the darkness down
the river. Two canoes had not got away, and he
was able to kill two of their occupants. Arriving
at the spot where his ten men had fallen, he
found their fingers tied in strings to the scrub of
the river-bank, and some cooking-pots containing
portions of their limbs and bones. Selim's men
were of the Manyema tribe, referred to in pre¬
vious notes. It was a Manyema, according to
the telegrams, who shot Barttelot. The Illus¬
tration No. 11 is a portrait of one of Tippoo
Tib's slave-catchers. I gather, here and there,
in the letters from Ward, suggestions something
in the nature of surprise at the delay of the
advance on the ground that the Manyema
men, having taken Barttelot and the rest on
to a given point, might have raided and hunted
in new ground, and, no doubt, have obtained
much spoil of slaves and ivory. All the more
does this, by inference, lay the blame of the
delay on Tippoo Tib, who could, one cannot help
thinking, have compelled a forward march with¬
in a reasonable time. Major Barttelot wen ton, at
last, beset with many unexpected difficulties.
The horrors of the Arab slave-trade have been described
with a powerful and sympathetic pen by Stanley in all his
books on the Congo. It was his first revelations in this direc¬
tion that stimulated General Gordon's desire to go to the Congo
country and “serve with and under” Stanley. MyfriendWard
frequently refers to the ghastly trade in his letters, and one of
his latest drawings (No. IB) gives gruesome and pathetic point
to the subject. “ There are many slave women," Ward says, “ with
the Manyema people.” The entire country seems to be more or
less in a continual ferment of warlike trouble, largely the
result of the Arab raids. There are tribal wars, of course;
but the diplomatic skill and kindly influences of capable and
experienced Englishmen would, "in many cases, be able to
make peace and, in time, to establish friendship on mutual
conditions of self-interest. That there are millions of natives
in Central Africa capable of the ameliorating influences of
civilisation has been sufficiently shown by Livingstone, Speke,
Grant, Stanley, and others; and the Illustrations of what may
almost be called their art industries show that many of the tribes
possess both instinct and capacity of a high order in this direc¬
tion. I have in my possession many very remarkable examples
of Congo carpentry, basketwork, wood-carving, and pottery.
Some of them were illustrated in my first series of papers
founded upon the letters of my Congo correspondent. The
page of pictures in this week's Illustrated London Krvet
gives further and very notable examples of native work, chiefly
from the Aruwimi and in the neighbourhood of the camp
where Stanley left his followers to collect fresh supplies and
men. Even the bloodthirsty Manyemas, it appears, are
adepts in weaving, and one pauses to remark that their
ferocity has been stimulated by their Arab associations. Free
from Arab attack, they, more or less, pay for this immunity
from persecution by becoming persecutors and murderers on
their own account: they carry on an active slave-hunting
business for the Arabs. “I send yon,” says Ward (Feb. 25), “ a
Bketeh of a Manyema making grass-cloth (No. 7), showiug the
hand-loom process. This Manyema was one of my visitors,
and he and others were much amused with a jumping-jack I
had made out of cardboard "
During the first few weeks of March, Ward appears to have
occupied most of his leisure (“and how we all hate this
nothmg-to-do, and want to get on,” he says) in securing
^Ples of “native utensils, chairs, pots, jars, Ac.” many of
which are engraved in the Illustrations accompanying these
present notes. Among them it is curious to note a pair of
lemon-squeezers ” (Group 13), used for pressing tho juice
irom the mtfingiifi fruit, which is. about 3 inches long, has a
thick scarlet skin, is transparent, and has black seeds. A
toilet-case” is another notable suggestion of civilisation, not
to mention a aalt-strainer, and many pieces of daintily decorated
pottery (If). The curious knife (shaped rather like tho head
?' a large hornbill) was 19 inches long down to the goat-horn
nandle; itsgreatestwidth 1GJ inches from pointto point. Itcame
rom a native tribo somewhere on the Congo above Mouungeri. A
Soudanese sergeant told Ward that he had seen the same kind
of knife among a tribe in the Soudan and that the weapon is
“ thrown somewhat on the principle of the boomerang.” The
Babulu knife taken from a village two hours below Yambuya,
on the Aruwimi, by the Arabs, is no doubt purely an agri¬
cultural or jungle implement. The bowl (No. 15) was bought
by Ward from the Manyema men at Yambuya, Feb. 2, 1888.
It is 8 inches long and 8 inches wide, and is carved from a
solid piece of soft wood.
On March 24 Major Barttelot decided to send Ward to the
coast with despatches and cable messages for the committee in
London. “ I am to start in five days,” Ward writes to me in notes
and letters which he himself carried to the coast with his official
despatches. On this same March 24 he writes:—“ Barttelot
returned from the Falls, Jameson gone to Kanongo. Both
have been very ill at the Falls, and, indeed, Barttelot looks
awfully bad; very sorry for him." Five days later, Ward started,
and made a remarkably quick journey to Boma, where hearrived
April 28. His adventures by the way were numerous and occasion¬
ally full of peril, one incident of which is suggested (No. 10) in a
sketch-reminiscence of the N'lonibo River. Bangala. In a
letter posted to me at the end of his journey be has a sod note
of reflection :—“ What fatality there seems to be connected
with all the Europeans who have had to go to the Falls I—1st,
Bruny shot himself; 2nd, a Belgian officer died on bis way
up; 3rd, Werter, who went home very ill; 4th, Deane, who
underwent awful perils ; 5th, Dubois, who was drowned ; tith,
Vanderwelde, who died the other day at Leopoldville, en ronte
for the Falls: 7th, Spelmann, his companion, got sick and
had to go home to save his life ; 8th, Amelot, who died on
his way to Zanzibar.”
Since Ward jotted down these sorrowful notes, bis friend
Deane (who came out of a quiet retreat to shake hands
with him en route to the coast) has died : Barttelot has
been assassinated; and bis genial, clever comrade Jameson has
succumbed to fever, brought on, no doubt, by anxiety, scarcity
of food, and hard work. Joseph Hatton.
THE PEOPLE’S PALACE TECHNICAL
SCHOOLS.
We gladly hail a fresh occasion to congratulate Sir Edmund
Hay Currie and the other Beaumont Trustees—among whom
are Mr. Spencer Charrington, M.P., the Rev. S. A. Barnett, Mr.
Walter Besant, Mr. T. Dyer Edwardcs, the Hon. C. W. Fre¬
mantle, Mr. Henry Green, Mr. E. S. Norris, M.P., the Rev.
Harry Jones, Mr. S. Montagu, M.P., Mr. Albert Spicer, and
several grades, and book-keeping; while for a sound general
education, and for language and literature, there are writing
classes, with the addition of Pitman’s shorthand, grammar
and composition, elocution, Shakspeare, French and German,
each with a special department of commercial correspondence,
and classes of preparation for the Civil Service examinations,
and for matriculation at the London University. It cannot
be denied that a diligent course of study in a few of these
general, literary, science and art classes, judiciously pro¬
portioned, might give a far better education than is to be
obtained for £200 a year at certain great public schools
resorted to by tho sons of gentlemen and noblemen : the
schoolmaster is now at the East-End, and the West-End
must keep up with the improving standard of popular in¬
struction. There are music classes, also, in which singing,
elementary, advanced, and choral, is taught; the pianoforte,
the violin," and the instruments of an orchestra, and those of a
military band in concert. The special classes for females only
are occupied with plain needlework, garment-making, dress¬
making, millinery, art needlework, and cookery ; and there is
a separate class for Jewesses. Besides the above classes,
forming what may be styled the People's Palace College, there
is a day school of technical and handicraft preparatory teach¬
ing for boys, twelve years of age, who have passed the Fifth
Standard in any elementary school. We would draw public
attention to a neat little volume, compiled by Mr. Robert
Mitchell, the “ Calendar and Syllabus" of the People's Palace
Technical Schools, published by Messrs. Thomas Ponlter and
Sons, which may be had also at the office of the People's
Palace in Mile End-road. It seta forth with minute exactness
all the details of school construction and subsequent examina¬
tion, and the subjects of popular lectures to be delivered in
the coming winter. This volume contains a series of plans of
the apartments in the different floors of the new buildings
erected for the Technical Schools, on the east side of the
Queen's Hall. They do much credit to the architect of the
People’s Palace, Mr. E. R. Robson, of Palace-chambers, Bridge-
street, "Westminster, who also designed the Queen's Hall and
the Library. The cost of the buildings hitherto erected by the
Beaumont Trustees has been paid ; but an appeal is made
for additional funds to complete the whole scheme of the
People's Palace. _
TILTING AT THE RING.
The picture by Mr. Louis Gnnnis, called “A Moment of
Interest,” which represents a trooper on horseback, displaying
his skill, at a roadside inn, in the feat of tilting at the ring, is
a work of considerable merit. It has this year
won the prize given, by the late Mr. Cressy, for
the best study for a picture, to be competed for
by the members of the Lambeth Sketching Club.
The artist is to be congratulated on a success
which was deserved, as Sir. Seymour Lucas,
A.R.A., kindly acted as judge. ,
NEW TECHNICAL SCHOOLS AT THE PEOPLE’S PALACE, MILE END-HOAD.
Mr. F. Young—on the progress of this noble institution. In
addition to the grand Queen's Hall and Concert-room, the Art
Gallery and Exhibitions, the admirable Library and reading-
rooms,"the Gymnasium, the swimming-bath, the various classes
for instruction and clubs for recreation freely organised in
connection with the People's Palace, its founders have, by the
liberality of the Drapers' Company, been enabled to establish
Technical Schools, where thousands in that populous district
will be able to improve their minds and perfect themselves in
arts, sciences, and handicrafts. The formal ceremony of
opening tho new schools was performed on Oct. 5, by
the Master (Mr. J. II. Daniell), assisted by the Wardens
and Court of Assistants of the Company. I he object
of the school is to develop a hoy’s whole faculties by
means of a systematic course of technical and manual train¬
ing. It is not intended to teach a trade, but simply to provide
for each boy an education for both head and hand. The in¬
struction that will be imparted is not of a theoretical cha¬
racter only, but will be accompanied by daily systematic
practice in the school workshops, five in number, which are
well fitted with benches, iron and wood-turning lathes, drilling
and planing machines, and other needful tools and appliances.
There are nine class-rooms, which are well ventilated and
lighted, in which instruction can be received in the various
handicrafts at the rate of fid. per week, or 5s. a quarter. In
addition to these there is the lecture theatre, which will be
utilised every evening throughout the winter months. A
special feature of the schools is the photographic studio, where
every branch of the art will be taught. The schools will be
equal to the wants of 5000 evening students in the present
winter session, which began on Monday, Oct. 8. The classes
are open to both sexes and all ages.
The following enumeration of the subjects taught will
show, better than further general remarks, the wide scope and
diversity of instruction. The Industrial, or practical trade
classes, are those of tailors’ cutting, upholstery, cutting and
drapery, cabinet-making, plumbing, filing, fitting, turning,
pattern-making, moulding, carpentry and joinery, plumbing,
wood-carving, hand-rail and staircase work, boot and shoe¬
making, mechanical engineering, tool and instrument making,
electrical engineering, laboratory, printing, etching, photo¬
graphy, telegraphy, metal-chasing and repousse work. The
Science classes teach mathematics, in two stages, plane and
solid geometry, theoretical mechanics, elementary and ad¬
vanced, physics, sound, light, and heat, inorganic chemistry,
theoretic and practical, magnetism and electricity, steam
and the steam-engine, building construction and drawing,
machine construction and drawing. The Art and Design
classes are those of freehand and model drawing, per¬
spective drawing, geometrical drawing, and drawing from
the antique, decorative designing, modelling in clay, wood¬
carving, chasing, and etching. The geometry class is
open at half-fee to students of any other science, art, or
technical classes. The commercial classes teach arithmetic of
«DISCRETION THE BETTER PART
OF VALOUR.”
The humorous representation of animals in a
mood of excitement is one of Mr. Briton Riviere's
special gifts of talent. This little girl, as the
nursery proverb says, is too timid “ to say Bo to
a goose”; and she may well be terrified by the
fierce attack of half-a-dozen of those strong
birds, each nearly as big as herself, angrily
hissing and menacing with their formidable
beaks her plump and naked legs. The cause of
their displeasure seems to have been some indis¬
cretion of her pet dog, which has no doubt been
chasing them, and barking at them, in the adja¬
cent field, where the grave elders of the flock
are seen awaiting the infliction of a judicial
sentence of severe punishment on the canine
offender. We cannot deny that the affectionate
child has acted bravely in snatching up her
favourite to carry him away to a place of safety.
She is unfortunately not tall enough to reach the
latch of the door; but it is to be hoped that somebody,
aroused by the clamour of the geese, will open the door to her
from within.
The old Theatre Royal, Dundee (which had been renovated
and was to be opened on Monday, Oct. 8), was destroyed by
fire on the morning of Oct. G.
Mr. Corney Grain’s new musical sketch, at St. George’s
Hall, advertised for production on Monday, Oct. 8, has been
unavoidably postponed to Monday, Oct. 15.
Mr. Alderman Whitehead, the Lord Mayor-Elect, has stated
that, while he desires that the procession on Nov. 9 shall be
worthy of the Corporation, he is.opposed to circus displays,
“ which neither accord with his tastes nor with the dignity of
the City." Should the cost be less than usual he proposes to
give the surplus to the poor.
The Governors of Christ's Hospital have given notice that
daring the month of October they are prepared to pay 700
pensions of £10 each to blind persons. Persons who have
never occupied a higher position in life than labourers or
journeymen, or domestic and menial servants, or who have
been common beggars, or who have at any time received
parish relief, will not be eligible for the benefits of the charity.
The autumnal meetings of the Congregational Union of
England and Wales were opened at Nottingham on Oct. 8 by a
devotional service conducted in Castle-gate Chapel by the
Rev. T. Morley Wright, of Lewisham. A sermon was preached
by Dr. Elmslic. About a thousand ministers and delegates
have attended the meetings extending over the week. Delegates
have been entertained by the Mayor, who on the 12th unveiled
the statue of the late Mr. Samuel Morley in the town.
The Goldsmiths’ Company have made a proposal to the
Charity Commissioners for the fonndation and endowment of
an Industrial and Recreative Institute at New-cross. From
the snrplus of the City charities it is intended that the Com¬
missioners shall set apart £2500 a year, to which the Company
will add an endowment of a similar amount. Subject to tl.o
approval of Parliament, the Commissioners have accepted the
scheme. Mr. Spicer estimates the value of the Company’s
gift at £85,000. r
The Registrar-General’s returns for the week ending Oct. G
show that in London 2413 births and 1352 deaths were
registered. Allowing for increase of population, the births
were 300, and the deaths 106, below tho average numbers in
the corresponding weeks of the last ten years. The deaths
included 39 from measles, 24 from scnrlet fever, 35 from
diphtheria, 5 from whooping-oougb, 1 from tvphus. 8 from
enteric fever, 72 from diarrhoea and dysentery. Deaths referred
to diseases of the respiratory organs, which hail increased in
the five preceding weeks from 130 to 213, further rose last
week to 239, but were 11 below the corrected average. Eight
cases of suicide were registered.
TITE ILI.USTHATEI) LONPOX NEWS, Oct. 13, 1888. 424
'C by the Arab slave-raiders.
rn monkey-skin hat, streaked with jmtehes
of light yellow).
j. Native chairs on the Aruwlmi Rapids (Babulu's): A. 18 inches long,
soft wood. light colour. B. 18 Inches square, hard red wood. C. 16
Inches square, light soft wood. D. 9 Inches diameter.
imp. 6. Hite of Old Stanley Falls
6. Juna Makengeza, our cook. 7. Grass-cloth-
8. Staghorn-fern on tree at Yatubtiya camp.
10. Hostile natives. N'lombo lUvor. Bangnla (Ward
11. Kalctna, of Bangn. near Nyangwe fone of Tlp|ioo Tib*
12. Fish of Upper Congo, resembling elephant Osh of Lov
IS. E. Babuln knife. V. Adze, 6 inches long. *3. Native knl/e,
19 inches long. H. Strainer, 4-Inch high, used In salt-
making. I. Lemon-squeezer used for pressing ratQng&Q.
II. Native pottery, Aruwlmi Rapids.
15. Bowl bought from Manyema men at Yumbuya.
16. Slaves (Jed together.
EMIN PASHA
KLIKF EXPEDITION UP THE CONGO AND ARUWIMI.
T
l
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 13, 1888.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 13. 1SSS
420.
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
A mini or * IH>rothy Furhtkb" ”uhi lurk* or Gibeo*,”
-Tiib nr voi.t or Max." -Katharine Regina," etc.
CHAPTER XXVII.
BKFURK THE ASSIZE.
we sat down and
waited. ’Twas all
that we could do.
Day after day we
went to the prison,
where my mother
.-at by my father,
whose condition
never changed in
the least, being
always that of oue
who slept, or, if his
ryes were open, was
unconscious, and,
t hough he might
utter a few rambling
words, had no com¬
mand of liis mind
or of his speech.
Wherefore we hoped
i that he suffered
nothing. “’Twas a
musket ball had
- r ruck, ’ ’ the surgeon
• k bone bet ween 11 ic
.vlinvbjr his powers
, —Vj motion mid of thought were sus-
' pended. ' I know not whether
anyone attempted to remove the
bail, or whether it was lodged there
at all, because 1 am ignorant of such matters; and to me,
whether he had been struck in the buck or no, it was to my
mind sure and certain that the ixiril had granted my father's
earnest prayer that he should again be permitted to deliver
openly the message that was upon his soul; nay, had given
him three weeks of continual and faithful preaching, the fruits
of which, could we perceive them, should be abundant. That
prayer grauted, the Lord, 1 thought, was calling him to rest.
Therefore, I looked for no improvement.
Oue other letter came from Robin, inclosing one for me, with
which (because I could not leave my mother at such a time) I
was forc'd to stay my soul, as the lover in the Canticle stayeth
his soul with apples. I have that letter still; it hath been
with me always: it lay hanging from my neck in the little
leathern bag in which 1 carried the Duke’s ring; I read it
again and again, until 1 knew it by heart; yet still I read it
again, because even to look at my lover’s writing had in it
something of comfort even when things were at their worst, and
Egyptian darkness lay upon my soul. But this letter I cannot
endure to copy out or suffer others to read it, because it was
written for mine own eye in such a time of trouble. “ Oh! my
love! ” he said. “Oh, my Under heart! ” and then a hun¬
dred prayers for my happiness, and tears for my tears, and
hopes for the future (which would be not the earthly life but
the future reserved by merciful Heaven for those who have been
called and chosen). As for the sharp and puinful passage by
which we must travel from this world to the next, Robin bade
me take no thought of thnt at all. hut to think of him either
as my lover walking with me ns of old beside the stream at home,
or as a spirit waiting for me to join him in the heavenly choir.
And so ending with as many farewells (the letter being written
when he expected the Judges to arrive and the Assize
to begin) as showed his tender iove for me. No—l cannot
write down this letter for the eyes of all to read. There are
things which must be kept hidden in our own hearts; and,
without doubt, every woman to whom good fortune hath given
a lover such as Robin, with a heart as fond and a pen as ready
(though he could never, like Humphrey, write sweet verses)
hath received an epistle or two like unto mine for its love and
tenderness, but (l hope) without the sadness of impending
death.
It wus four weeks after we were brought to llmiuster that
the news came to us of the coming trials. There were live
Judges—but the world knows but of one, munely, (ieorge,
Lord Jeffreys, Chief Justice of England—and now, indeed, we
iH'gan to understand the true misery of our situation. For
everyone knew the character of the Judge, who, though a
young mail still, was already tin; terror alike of prisoners,
witnesses, and juries. It promised to be a black and bloody
Assize indeed, since this man was to he the Judge.
The aspect of the prison by this time was changed. The
songs and merriment, the horseplay, and loud laughter by
which the men had at first endeavoured to keep up their
hearts were gone. The country lads pined and languished in
confinement; their cheeks grew pale and their eyes heavy.
Then, the prison was so crowded that there was barely room
for all to lie at night, and the yard was too small for all to
walk therein by day. In the morning, though they opened all
the shutters, the air was so foul that iu going into it from the
open, oue felt sick and giddy, and was sometimes fain to run
out and drink cold water. Oh ! the terrible place for an old
man such as Sir Christopher! Yet he endured without
murmuring the foulness and the hardness, comforting the
sick, still reproving blasphemies, and setting an example of
cheerfulness. The wounded men ull died. I believe; which, as
the event proved, was lucky for them. It would have saved
the rest much suffering had they all died as well. And to
think that this was only one of many prisons thus crowded
with poor captives! At Wells, Philip’s Norton, Shepton
Mallet, Bath, Bridgwater, Taunton, Hchester, Somertou, Lung-
port. Bristol, and Exeter, there was a like assemblage o£ poor
wretches thus awaiting their trials.
I saiil that there was now little singing. There was, how¬
ever, drinking enough, and more than enough. They drank
to drown their sorrows, and to forget the horrid place in which
they lay and the future which awaited them. When they were
drunk, they would bellow some of their old songs; but the
bawling of a drunkard will not communicate to his companions
the same joy as the music of a merry heart.
While we were expecting to hear that the Judge hud
arrived ut Salisbury c the fever broke out in the prison of
llmiuster. At Wells they were afflicted with the small-
,iox, hut at Uminster it was jail-fever which fell upon the
jajor prisoners. Everybody hath heard of this terrible dis¬
order, which is communicated hv those who have it to those
who go among them—namely, to the warders and turnkeys,
and even to the judges and the juries. < In the first day after
it brake out—which was with an extraordinary virulence- four
poor men died and were buried the next morning. After this,
no day |Hissed but there were funerals nt the churchyard, and
the mounds of their graves—the grave* of these poor country,
lucu who thought to light the buttles of the Loul—stood side
•Ml U)llt CMtrKj.
by side in n long row, growing continually longer. IV e—that
is. good Mrs. Prior and myself- sat at the window and watched
the funerals, praying for the safety of those we loved.
So great was the fear of infection in the town that no one
was henceforth allowed within the prison, nor were the warders
allowed to come out of it. This was a sad order for me,
because my mother chose to remain within the prison, finding
a garret at the house of the Chief Constable, and I could no
longer visit that good old man. Sir Christopher, whose only
pleasure left had been to converse with me daily, and, as I
now understand, by the refreshment the society of youth
brings to age, to lighten the tedium of his imprisonment.
Henceforth, therefore, I went to the prison-door every
morning and sent in my basket of provisions, but was not
suffered to enter: and though I could have speech with my
mother or with Baniaby, they were on oue side the bars and 1
on the other.
It was at this time that I made the acquaintance of Mr.
George Penne. This creature—a villain, as I afterwards dis¬
covered, of the deepest dye—was to external appearance a
grave and sober merchant. He was dressed in brown cloth
and laced shirt, and carried a gohl-lieaded stick in his hand. He
came to llmiuster about the end of August or the beginning of
September, and began to inquire particularly into the names
and the circumstances of the prisoners, pretending (such was
his craftiness) a great tenderness for their welfare. He did
the same thing, we heard afterwards, wherever the Monmouth
prisoiici-s were confined. At llmiuster, the fever being iu the
jail, lie did not venture within, but stood outside and asked of
any who seemed to know, who were the prisoners within, nnd
what were their circumstances.
He accosted me one morning when 1 wits standing at the
wicket waiting for my basket to be taken in.
“Madam,” lie said, “you are doubtless a friend of some
poor prisoner. Your father or your brother may unhappily be
lying within r”
Now I was grown somewhat cautious by this time. Where¬
fore, fearing some kind of snare or trap, I replied gravely, that
such, indeed, might be the case.
“Then, Madam,” he said, speaking iu a soft voice and
looking full of compassion, “ if that be so, suffer me, I pray
you, to wish him a happy deliverance ; and this, indeed, from
the bottom of my heart.”
“Sir,” I said, moved by the earnestness of his manner, “ I
know not who you may be, but 1 thank you. Such a wish, I
hope, will not procure you the reward of a prison. Sir, 1
wish you a good day.”
So he bowed and left me, and passed on.
But next day I found him in the same place. And his
eyes were more filled with compassion than before and his voice
was softer.
“ I cannot sleep. Madam,” lie said, “for thinking of these
poor prisoners; I hear that uniong them is none other than
Sir Christopher Challis, u gentleman of great esteem and well
stricken in years. And there is also the pious and learned—
but most unfortunate—Dr. Comfort Eykin, who rode with the
army nnd preached daily, nud is now, I hear, grievously
wounded and bedridden.”
“Sir,” I said, “I)r. Comfort Eykin is my father. It is
most true that he is a prisoner, and that he is wounded.”
He heaved a deep sigli and wiped a tear from his eyes.
“ It is now certain,” he said, “ that I su'd Jeffreys will
come down to conduct the trials. Nay, it is reported that
he has already arrived at Salisbury, breathing fire and revenge,
nud that he hath with him four other Judges mid a troop of
horse. What they will do with so many prisoners 1 know
not. 1 fear that it will go hand with all; but. as happens in
such eases, those who have money, and know how to spend it,
may speedily get their liberty.”
How are they to spend 'it ” ”
“ Why, Madam, it is not indeed to be looked for that you
should kuow. But when the time comes for the trial, should
I, as will very likely happen, be in the way, send for me, and
whatever the sentence 1 warrant we shall find a way to ’scape
it—even if it be a sentence of death. Send for me—my
name is George Penne, and Iui well-known merchant of
Bristol.”
It was then that Barnaby came to the other side of the
wicket. We could talk, but could not touch each other.
“All is well, Sis,” he said; “Dad is neither better nor
worse, and Sir Christopher is hearty, though the prison is
like the ’tween decks of a ship with Yellow Jack aboard—just
as sweet and pleasant for the air and just as merry for the
crew.”
“ Barnaby,” I said, “ the Judges are now at Salisbury.”
“Av, av; I thought they would have been there before.
We shall lie tried, they tell me, at Wells, which it is thought
will be takeu after other towns. Si there is still a tidy length
of rope. Sis, this continual smoking of tobacco to keep off
infection doth keep u body dry. Cider will serve, but let it
be a runlet, at least.”
“He called you ‘Sister.’ Madam,” said Mr. Penne,
curiously, “Have you brother as well as father in this
placet”
“ Allis ! Sir, 1 have not only my father, my mother, and
uiy brother in this place, but my father-in-law (as I hoped
soon to cull hint); and in Exeter Jail is my lover and his
cousin. Oh ! Sir. if you mean honestly ’’-'
•• Madamlie laid his hand upon his breast—“I assure
you I am all honesty. I have no other thought, I swear to
you, than to save, if possible, the lives of these poor men.”
He walked with me to my lodging, and I there told him
not only concerning our own people, but ulso all that I knew
of the prisoners iu this jail—they were for the most part poor
and humble mcu. He made notes in a book .which caused me
some misgivings; but he assured me again and again that all
he desired was to save their lives. Anil I limv understand that
lie Spoke the truth indeed, but not the whole truth.
“ Your brother, for instance,” he said. “Oh.' Madam,
'twere a thousand pities that so brave a young man, so stout
withal, should be hanged, drawn, and quartered. And your
lover at Exeter, doubtless a tall and proper youth; anil the
other whom you have named, Dr. Humphrey Challis, and your
grandfather (as I hope he will be) Sir Christopher; mid your
own father—why. Madam,” he grew quite warm upon it,’ “ if
you will but furnish some honest merchant—1 say not myself,
because I know not yet if you would trust me—but some honest
merchant with, the necessary moneys. I will engage thnt thev
shall all be saved from hanging. ’ To be sure, these are all
captain* and officers, and to get their absolute pardon will be
a great matter—perhaps above your means. Yet, Sir
Christopher hath a good estate, I am told.”
This George Penne was, it is true, a Bristol merchant,
engaged in the West India trade; that is to say, he bought
sugar and tobacco, and had shares in ships which sailed to and
from Bristol and the West Indies, anil sometimes made
voyages to the Guinea Coast for negroes. But, iu common
with many Bristol merchants, he had another trade, and a
very profitable trade it is, namely, what is called kidnapping:
that is, buying or otherwise securing criminals who have been
pardon; d or reprieved on condition of going to the plantations.
They sell these wretches for u turn of yeurs to the phuxters,
and make a great profit by the transaction. And, foreseeing
that there would presently be a rare abundance of sueli
prisoners, the honest Mr. George Penile was going from prison
to prison finding out what persons of substance there were
who would willingly pay for their sentence to be thus mitigated.
In the event, thougli things were not ordered exactly a* lie
coaid have wished, this worthy man (his true worth you shall
presently hear) made a pretty penny, as the saying is, out
of the prisoners. What he made out of us, mid by what lies,
you shall learn; but, by ill-fortune for him, lie gat not the
fingering of the great sums which he hoped of us.
And now the news—from Winchester first, and from Dor¬
chester afterwards—filled the hearts of all with a dismay
which it is beyond all power of words to tell. For if an ancient
lady of good repute (though the widow of a regicide), such a
woman as Lady Lisle, seventy years of age, could be con¬
demned to be burned—and was, in fait, beheaded—for no
greater offence tliau harbouring two rebels, herself ignorant
of who they were or whence they come, what could any hope
who had actually borne arms r And, again, at Dorchester,
thirty who pleaded not guilty were found guilty and con¬
demned to be hanged, anil nearly three hundred who pleaded
guilty were sentenced to be hanged at the same time. It
was not an idle threat intended to terrify the rest, because
thirteen of the number were executed * on the following
Monday and eighty afterwards. Among those who were
first hanged were many whom we knew. The aged nnd pious
Sir. Sampson Larke, the Baptist Slinistcr of Lynn, for instance,
was one; Colonel Holmes (whom the King had actually
pardoned) was another; and young Sir. Hewling—whose ease
was like that of Robin. This terrible news caused great
despondency and choking in the prison, where also the fever
daily curried off one or two.
Oh! my poor heart fell, and I almost lost the power of
prayer, when I heard that from Dorchester the Judge was
riding in great state, driving his prisoners before him to
Exeter, where there were two hundred waiting their trial.
And among them jRobin—Alas ! alas!—my Robin!
CHAPTER XXVIII.
BENJAMIN.
It was the evening of September the Sixteenth, about nine of
the clock. I was sitting alone in my lodging. Down-stairs I
heard the voice of the poor widow, Mrs. Prior, who had
received us. She was praying aloud with some godly friends
lor the safety of her sous. These young men, as I have said,
were never more heard of, and were therefore already, doubt¬
less, past praying for. I, who ought to have been praying
with them, held Robin's last letter in my hands. I knew it by
heart; but I must still be reading it again nnd again; think¬
ing it was his voice which wus indeed speaking to me, trying
to feel his presence near me, to iiear his breath, to see his very
eyes. In the night, waking or sleeping, I still would hear him
calling to me aloud. “My heart ! my life ! my love! ” lie
would cry. I heard him, I Bay, quite plainly. By special
luerey and grace this power was acconled to me; because
i have no doubt that in his mind, while lying in his
noisome prison, lie did turn his thoughts, yea, and the
yearnings of his fund heart, to the maid he loved. But
itow tin; merciless J udge who hail sentenced three hundred men
to one common doom—three hundred men!—was such a
sentence ever known t —hnd left Dorchester, and was already,
perhaps, at Exeter. ()h .’—perhaps Robin had by this time
stuuil his trial; what place was left for prayer f For if the
poor, ignorant elowtis were condemned to death, how much
more tin; gentlemen, the officers of Monmouth's army!
Perhaps lie was already executed—my lover, my boy, my
Robin !—taken out and hanged, and now a cold and senseless
corpse ! Then the'wailings and prayers of the poor woman
below, added to the distraction of these thoughts, made tne
feel as if I was indeed losing my senses. At this time, it was
blow upon blow—line upon line. The sky was black—the
Heavens were deaf. Is there—can there be—a more miserable
thing than to feel that the very Heavens are deaf ? The mercy
of the Lord—His kindly hearkening to our cries and prayers—
these we believe as we look for the light of day and the warmth
of the sun. Nay, this belief is the very breath of our life ; so
that there is none but the most hardened and abandoned sinner
who doth not still feel that he hath in the Lord a Father as well
as a Judge. To lose that belief—’twere better to be a lump of
senseless clay. The greatest misery of the lost soul, even
greater than his continual torment of fire, and his never-ending
thirst, and the gnawing of remorse, must be to feel that the
Heavens are deaf to his prayers—deaf for over and for ever!
At this time, my prayers were all for safety. “ Safety,
Good Lonl! give them safety! Save them from the executioner!
Give them safety! ” Thus, us Baruaby said, tile shipwrecked
mariner clinging to the mast asks not lora green, pleasant, and
fertile shore, but for laud—only for land. 1 sat there, musing
sadly, the Bible on the table and a lighted caudle. I read not
iu the Bible, but listened to the wailing of the poor soul below,
und looked at the churchyard without, the moonlight falling
upon thelresh mounds which covered the graves of the poor
dead prisoners. Suddenly I heard a voice—a load and harsh
voice—and footsteps. I knew both footsteps and voice, and I
sprang to my feet trembling, because I was certain Hint some
new disaster had befallen us.
Then the steps mounted the stairs: the door wus opened,
and Benjamin—none other than Benjamin—appeared. What
did lie hen;:- He was so big, with so red a face, that liis
presence seemed to fill the room. And with him—w hat did
this mean !-—came Madam herself, who I thought to have been
at Exeter. Alas ! her eyes were red with weeping; her cheeks
were thin and wasted with sorrow ; her lips were trembling.
“Alice,” she cried, holding out her hands, “ Child, these
terrible things are done and yet we live ! Alas ! we live !
Are our hearts made of stone that we still live 'r As for me, 1
cannot die, though l lose all—all-uU ! ” ,
“Dear Madam, what hath happened t More misery.
More disasterOil! teli me !—toll me!”
“ Oh ! my dear, they have been tried—they have been tried
and they are condemned to die—both Robin—my son Robin—
nnd with him Humphrey, who dragged him into the business
und alone ought to suffer for both. But there is now no
justice iu the fond. No—no more justice can be had. Else
Humphrey should have suffered for all.”
There was something strange in her eyes—she did not look
like a mother robbed of her children ; she gazed upon me as it
there was something else upon her mind. As if the con¬
demnation of her son was not enough !
“ Robin will be hanged,” she went on. “ He hath been
tlxe only comfort of my life since my husband was taken from
me, when he was left an infant in my amis. Robin will be
hanged like any common gipsy caught stealing a sheep, lie
will be hanged) and drawn and quartered, and those goodly
limbs of his will be stuck upon poles for all to see ! ”
Truly 1 looked for nothing less. Barnaby bade me look for
nothing less than this; but at the news 1 fell into a swoon, bo
one who kuoweth beforehand that he is to feel the surgeon *
knife, and thinks to endure the agony without a cry, is luiu to
shriek and *. roam when the moment comes.
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 13, 1888.
A. FORESTIER.
DRAWN
!t«j7 when. I i cos standing at the wicket waiting for my basket to be ta 1
JTe accosted
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.”—BY WALTER BESANT.
428
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
\\hen I recovered I was pitting at the open window,
Slndam applying a wet doth to my forehead.
“Have no fear,” Benjamin was saving. “She will do
what you command her, so only that he may go free."
" Is thereno way hut that:- ” she asked.
“ None i " Aud then he swore a great oath.
My eyes Ix'ing open and my sense returned, I perceived
that Mrs. Prior was also in the room. And I wonder'd (in such
moments the mind fiuds relief in trifles) that Benjamin’s fueo
should have grown so red aud his cheeks so fat.
Thou hast been in a swoon, my dear," said Madam.
But Ti» past.”
“ Why is Benjamin here?” I asked.
He looked at Madam, who east down her eyes, I knew
not why.
" Benjamin is now our only friend,” she replied, without
looking up. “ It is out of his kindness—yes—his kindness of
heart that he hath come.”
“ I do not understand. If Robin is to die what kindness
can he show- ”
“ Tell her, Benjamin,” said Madam, “ tell her of the trials
at Exeter.”
"His Lordship came to Exeter," Benjamin began, “on
the evening of September the Thirteenth, escorted by many
country gentlemen and a troop of horse. I had the honour of
riding with him. The trials began the day before yesterdnv,
the Fourteenth.”
“ Pray, good Sir,” asked the poor woman who had lost her
son, “ did you observe my boys among the prisoners 1 ”
“ How the devil should I know your boys? ” he replied,
turning upon her roughly, so that she asked no more ques-
tions. “If they were rebels they deserve hanging "—here
she shrieked aloud, and fled the room. “The trials began with
two fellows who pleaded ‘Not guilty,’ but were"quickly
proved to have been in arms, and were condemned to death,
one of them being sent out to instant execution. The rest
who were brought up that day—among whom were Robin and
Humphrey— pleaded ’Guilty,’ being partly terrified and
partly persuaded that it wus their only chance of escape. So
they, too, were condemned—two hundred and forty in all—
every mail Jack of them, to be hanged, drawn, and quartered,
and their limbs to be afterwards stuck on poles for the greater
terror of evildoers he said these words with such a fire in
his eyes, and in such n dreadful threatening voice, as made me
tremble. “ Then they were all taken back to jail, where they
will lie until the day of execution, aud the I,ord have mercy
upon their souls ! ”
The terrible Judge Jeffreys himself could not look more
terrible than Ben jamin when he uttered the prayer with which
a sentence to death is concluded.
“ Benjamin, were you in the court to see and hear the c< n-
dcmnutioii of your own cousins 1 ’’
"I was. I sat iu the body of the court, in the place
reserved for counsel.”
“ Could you say nothing that would help them ? ”
“Nothing. Not a word from anyone could help them.
Consider—one of them was an officer, and one a surgeon, in
the army. The ignorant rustics whom they led may some of
them escape, but the officers can look for no mercy.”
“Madam,” I cried, “I must see Robin before lie dies;
though, God knows, there are those here who want my services
daily. Yet I must see Robin. He will not die easy unless he
can see me and kiss me once.”
Madam made no reply.
“For a week,” said Benjamin, “they are safe. I do not
think they will be executed for a week, nt least. But it is not
wise to reckon on a reprieve even for an hour; the Judge may
at any time order their execution.”
“ I will go to-morrow.”
“ That will be seen,” said Benjamin.
“My dear,” said Madam, “my nephew Benjamin is a
friend of the Judge, Lord Jeffreys.”
“ Say rather a follower and admirer of that great, learned,
and religions man. One who is yet but a member of the Outer
Bur must not assume the style and title of friend to a man
whose next step must be the Woolsack.”
Heavens ! He called the inhuman wretch who had sentenced
an innocent old woman of seventy to be burned alive, and five
hundred persons to be hanged, and one knows not how many
to be inhumanly flogged—great and religious!
“ If interest c an save any,” Madam said softly, “ Benjamin
can command that interest, and he is on the side of mercy,
especially where his cousins are concerned.”
I now observed that Madam, who had not formerly been
wont to regard her nephew with much affection, behaved
towards him with the greatest respect and submission.
“Malum,” he replied, “you know the goodness of my
heart. What m in c an do shall he done by me, not only for
Robin, but for the otheis who are involved with him in common
ruin. But there are conditions with which I have taken pains
to acquaint you.”
Madam sighed heavily, and looked as if she would speak,
but refrained ; and I saw the tears rolling down her cheeks.
“What conditions, Benjaminf” I asked him. “Con¬
ditions for trying to save your own cousins and your own
grandfather! ConditionsV Why, you should be moving
Heaven and Earth for them instead of making conditions.”
“ It needs not so much exertion,” lie replied, with an
unbecoming grin. “ First, Alice, I must owu. Child, that the
two years or thereabouts since I saw thee last have added
greatly to thy charms ; at which I rejoice.”
“ Oh ! what have my charms to do with the business ? ”
“ Much; as thou wilt presently discover. But let me remind
you both that there threaten—-nay, there are actually overhang¬
ing -disasters, tile like of which never happen save in time of
civil war and of rebellion. My grandfather is in prison, and
will be tried oil a charge of sending men and horses to join
Monmouth. Nay ; the Duke’s Proclamation was found in his
house: he will be certainly condemned and his estates
confiscated. So there will be nil end of as old a family as
lives in Somerset. Then there is thy father, Child, who was
Preacher to the army, and did make mischief in stirring up the
fanatical zeal of many. Think you that he can escaper Then
there is thy brother, Bamaby, who was such a fool ns to
meddle in what concerned him not, and now will hang therefor.
What can we expect ? Are men to go unpunished who thus
rebel against the Lord’s Anointed ? Is treason—rank treason —
the setting up of a Pretender Prince (who is now lying head¬
less in his coffin) as the rightful heir, to be forgiven ? We
must not look for it. Alas ! Madam, had I been with you
instead of that conceited, fanatical, crookback Humphrey,
whom I did ever detest, none of these things should have
happened.”
“ Humphrey,” I said, “has more worth m one finger than
you iu all vonr great ImkIv, Benjamin.”
" My dear, my dear, do not anger Benjamin! Oh ! do not
anger our only friend ! ”
“She may say wlmt she pleases. My tune will com-.
Listen, then. They must all be hanged unless I can succeed
in getting them pardoned." . .
.■ jj liy —but-forgive myruleness, Benjamin: they are
your own cousins—it is your own grandfather. What need of
conditions f Oh ! wliat does this moan ? Arc you a man of
flesh and blood r ”
“My conditions, Child,’’—why did ho laugh ? T will
assure you that such is truly the nature of my composition.
“If money is wanted I thought of my bag of gold and
of Mr. Penile*s hints---“how much will suffice? ”
“ I know not. If it comes to buying them off, more
thousands than could be raised on the Bradford Oreas estates.
Put money out of mind.”
“Then, Benjamin, save them if thou const.
“ Ilis Lordship knows that 1 lmve near relations concerned
in the Rebellion. Yet, he assured me if his own brothers were
among the prisoners he would hang them all.”
“ Xav, then, Benjamin ; I sav no more. Tell me what are
these conditions, and, if we can grant or contrive them, we
will comply.” I had no thought of what was meant by his
conditions, nor did I even guess until the morning, when
Madam told me. “ Oh ! Madam, is there anything in the
world—anything that wc would not do to save them?”
Madam looked at me with so much pity in her eyes that I
wondered. It was pity for me and not for her son that I read
in that look. Why did she pity me?
I understood not.
“ My dear,” sli:* said, “ there are times when women are
called upon to make sacrifices which they never thought to
make, which seem impossible to be even asked-”
“ Oh ! there are no sacrifices which we would not gladly
make. What can Benjamin require that we should not gladly
do for him ? Xav, lie is Robin’s cousin, and your nephew, and
»Sir Christopher's grandson. He will, if need be, joiu us in
making these sacrifices.”
“ l will,” said Benjamin—again, why did he laugh?—“I
will join you in making one sacrifice at least, with a willing
heart.”
“ 1 will tell her to-morrow,” said Madam. “ No, I cannot
tell her to-night. Let us first rest. Go, Sir ; leave us to our
sorrow. 11 may be that we may yet think the sacrifice too great
even for the lives and the safety of those we love. Go, 8ir,
for to-night, mid return to-morrow.”
“ Surely, Child,” said Madam presently, when he was
gone, and wc were alone, “ we are the most unhappy women
in the world.”
" Nay,” I replied. “ There have been other women before
us who have been ruined and widowed by civil wars and
rebellions. If it be any comfort to think that others have
suffered like ourselves, then we may comfort ourselves. But
the thought brings no consolation to me.”
“llagar,” said Madam, “was a miserable woman because
she was cast out by the man she loved, even the father of her
son; but she saved her son. Rachel was unhappy until the
Lord gave her a sou. Jephthulfs daughter was unhappy—my
dear, there is no case except hers which may bo compared
with ours—and Jephthuh’s daughter was lmppy in one circum¬
stance: that she was permitted to die. Ah f happy girl, she
died! That was all her sacrifice- to die for the sake of her
father ! But what is ours ? ”
So she spoke in riddles or dark savings, of which I
understood nothing. Nevertheless, before* lying down, I did
solemnly and, in her pres -m e and hearing, aloud, upon my
knees, offer unto Almighty God myself—my very life—if so
that Robin could be saved. And then, with lighter heart than
I had known for long, I lay down and slept.
At midnight, or thereabouts. Madam woke me up.
“ Child,” she said, “ 1 cannot sleep. Tell me truly: is there
nothing that thou wouldcst refuse for Robin’s sake? ”
“ Nothing, verily ! All, Madam, can you doubt it?”
“ Even if it were a sacrifice of which he would not
approve ? ”
“ Believe me. Madam, there is nothing that I would not do
for Robin’s safety.”
“Child, if we were living iu the days of persecution
wouldcst thou hear the Mass and adopt the Catholic religion
to save thy lover’s life ? ”
“Oh, Madam, the Lord will never try us above our
strength ! ”
“ Sleep, my child, sleep ; and pray that, as thy temptation,
so may be thy strength ! ”
New colours were presented on Oct. 4 to the 1st Battalion
Royal Warwick Regiment by Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar,
Commander of the Forces in Ireland.
The Rifle Championship of the Westminster Volunteers
lias been won this year by Captain G. D. Rose, who takes
the gold badge : the silver badge being won by Sergeant
Wilson, and the bronze by Private C. F. Lowe.
An open scholarship in natural science, of the value of 125
guineas, has been awarded to Mr. E. M. Hainworth, and one of
the value of ,C*»u to Mr. Edwin Smith, 'lhese gentlemen were
students attending the preliminary scientific classes held at
St. Thomas’s Medical School.
At the annual festival of the Otter Swimming Club the
Secretary presented, on behalf of the Royal Humane Society, a
bronze medal to Algernon Sidney Graves, the grandson of Mr.
Henry Graves, the art-publisher of Pall-mail, for having
assisted in saving life from drowning in a very rough sea at
Ventnor on Aug. 28. Sidney Graves is only fifteen, and is the
youngest member of the Otter Club.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer will preside and give an
address, on Oct. 15. at the first lecture of a course of eleven
on ** Early English Literature, 1 * to be given at Gresham Col¬
lege. in connection with the London Society for the Extension
of University Teaching. The society has also arranged for
forty-two courses of lectures in various branches of Science,
History, Literature, and Art, to he delivered during the coming
term at several centres in and near London.
Professor Baldwin, the aeronaut, met with a narrow escape
at the Alexandra Palace on Oct. 4. The wind, being gusty,
swayed the balloon into dangerous proximity to some trees,
and* Mr. Baldwin was compelled to jump off just as it was
rising, sustaining a slight sprain to one of his wrists.—At a
meeting of the Middlesex Magistrates, on the same day, the
application for a license for the Alexandra Palace was ad¬
journed for a week, the chairman, Sir Francis Morley, making
some comments upon the dangerous character of Professor
Baldwin’s performance.
POSTACE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
OCTOBER 13, lfi-iS.
Suhsrriluvs will plow in notice that copies of this week's number forwarded
nhmii'l mu-1 l*o prepaid accorillntr to the following rates : -To Canada,
l ulled States of Amorim, and the whole of Kurojic. Thick Edition,
Ticojh //'mn/i; Til IN Edition. h»c /V«n*/. To Australia. Dra/.if,
Ciix* of <itr> | llojx\ China tvid Unite J States*. Jamaica. Mauritius, and
New Zealand. Thick Edition, Thin/mm; TillX Edition, (hie Tvnny.
To China ivi.i llrin-lh-h. India, and Java. Thick Edition, f oui-junce-
h i fi* mi'f: Thin Edition. Thrcc-hulfpence.
Xuwsjnpcni for foreign pu ts must he'posted within eight days of tho
date of publication. Irreqwctivc of the departure of the malls.
OLD-FASHIONED OCTOBER.
The title of this paper is by no meaira a mere fiiftm dr purler,
but accentuates a difference. In some remote and quiet
counties, rich in pasture, woodland, and villages of most placid
life, an October exists which is, for the lover of field sports,
and rural sights and sounds, essentially the same m some
respects as that which our grandfathers enjoyed while
Trafalgar was being fonght and won. October has ever had a
special charm for the English ear—its old ale, its pheasant, its
silvery grayling, which is so much less known than other
members of the mlmonitltr, its sound of hound and horn, and
the fullness of its autumn fruitage—all these associations have
made the keen, bright days and starlight nights of the month,
whoso air, if it be a dry one, is, cliampagnelike, a general
favourite. Farmer, shooter, angler, courser, and tourist, alike
love October. But none more than he who enjoys an old-
fashioned October, and on its opening day pursues the
wild pheasants as was done in that Trafalgar October—
for ever after to be memorable. And we venture to
Bay that he who has not shot wild pheasants in the
early part of the month has never ’mown what real
partridge-shooting is.
This is a sweeping assertion in face of the fact that fashion
so rules even the breechloader now that many men think it
“ bad form” to shoot pheasants till November and December—
and then for the Bake of making a bag which shall be
enormous. Therefore, it follows that, according (o our view,
there are many who have not known what real pheasant-
shooting is. Consider for a moment the diverse scenes. Tho
fashionable battne takes place in the short winter days in
copses bare of loaf aud amid a wilderness of branches waving
skeleton-like in rides cut for the purpose, to which the shooler,
as a mere machine, is confined, and last and worst of all, with
the absence of dogs.
Now scan the other picture. Our grandfathers thought
the First of October a day of days, and one most fitted to
begin tho shooting of the pheasant. Try it, and sec from
the surroundings how good their taste was. It is a
bright October morning, the keen air sweet with turf-reek
from the cottages, the dew sparkles on the grass, the copses
are thick with leafage — which the modern fashionable
shooter detests, but which to the simpler taste of the
old-fashioned one is admirably in consonance with ilio
day. Every tint and shade of autumnal beauty in decay
is there in exquisite combination and gradation; and as the
woods themselves, in such shooting as we purpose to-day, are
not to be explored, the leafage so obnoxious to the battne-man
need not offend our susceptibilities or interfere with the line
of fire. In the clear air the rooks diving and tumbling, the
starlings wheeling and turning, a sheet of swift wings, be¬
token the season. The gardens of the cottages- load the air
with fragrance, for in these quiet, old-world regions the old-
world gardens still exist unvexed by modern utilitarianism.
Stocks, wallflowers, mignonette, and lavender commingle their
odours in unstudied profusion, and the hedges blaze with hips
and haws, with briony, and here and there blush with the last
pale wild roses. Around, a Virgilian quiet broods over the
farming life. Steam puffs and frets not here, but the ancient
ways go on placidly as for centuries.
And now the outskirts of the heat are reached, and your
host slips the brace of clever spaniels who supply the place
of the noisy beaters. No yard-reared pheasants are here
counted by dozens, whistled to be fed by the keeper, and
turned into the woods just long enough to give them an
idea of wild life. Every bird here lias been hatched in
the mother's self-made nest in the spinney, amid ferns
and hazels ; lias foraged for itself since chickcnliood, and
taken its chance as to stoat, weasel, and l'ox's enmity. Wild
birds, they have grown strong on the wing, beautiful in
plumage, rocketers in flight, and thinking mulling of going a
mile off to another manor if disturbed. A11 the better for leal
sport. These broad double hedgerows, studded with great elms
and oaks, are like that historic one in which unhappy Monmouth
lay hiding; in such places they are small domains of themselves.
No beaters could be of any use here ; and there is no chance of
picking shots or of hot corners. But vou and your host stand
on the opposite sides. By him stands', alert and attentive hut
quiet and watchful, the old retriever, who in tho battne
would be voted on impertinent nuisance. The eager spaniels,
loosed by their attendant—some honest rustic who enjoys the
sport as much as they—rash into the brambles, their long
ears tearing against the prickles without in any way daunting
their high courage. The twigs crack, leaves rustle, the eager
scamper and panting of the dogs ate alone heard, till a clioius
of shrill yelps announces something is on foot and close before
them. Not to appear directly : such hedge bottoms are verit¬
able fastnesses, and once in them a wild cock pheasant is
canning as a fox. But the spaniels press him hard.
You and your host slowly advance abreast: the eager
dogs, mad with excitement, continually give tongue, till,
where the thinner vegetation makes the concealment less
good, there is a sndden heart-shaking, to borrow De Quinccy's
word; whirr! and a magnificent old cock pheasant, fol¬
lowed by a brace of obedient hens, rises in bis full splendour
of wing. Ho shoots straight up in the air, tops the young
oaks, and goes off like a steam-engine across country. Now
test your shooting ! A sovereign to a penny the first barrel
misses, for what nerves are proof against the first bird of the
season—and so it is. But the second, more deliberately
fired, does the trick, and the beautiful victim drops like
a plummet among the hazel bushes. A wave of your
host's hand sends the old retriever in. and lie knows bis
work. A few minutes’ expectation, and ho returns, pride in bis
honest countenance, and the unruffled pheasant, in his tender
mouth, and yon exchange reciprocal congratulations over the
first pheasant of the season. So onwards. Round the hedge¬
rows lies the scene ; the little spaniels, never tiring, twisting
round every stub and tree, and passing nothing. More wild
pheasants are found. Some fall, some go off to far distant
copses, becoming, ungrudged, in this unsophisticated region, the
property pro tern, of other landowners. Rabbits poji out and are
bagged. A big hare—rather scarce since the Act—canters out
of a grass tuft and is cleverly stopped. Leisurely enjoyment
outside the woods makes up for any amount of drilled shooting
inside them, though the number of slain he in modern eyes
ridiculous. Then comes the luncheon, under the hedge, of some
simple fare which needs no raised j>ie or champagne. Sylvan
viands of modest pretension, washed down with real old October
such as is still brewed here and there.and specially litre where
lies your beat, arc followed by that soothing and incomparable
pipe which every shooter and angler knows as the after-
luncheon one, unique of its kind. Tho scream of jay and coo
of stockdove from the recesses of the unentered wood and the
sweep of the wind through the hazels which screen your
repose beneath a giant oak, alone ate heard for the half-hours
rest. Then follows the afternoon's work, as tho shadows
lengthen and the outlying pheasants wander into tho stubbles
under the copse hedges. And the afternoon hours are of tlic
pleasantest as the shadows lengthen, for th ofni* or qnr rmutra*
order of the day makes up the unfailing delight of a quiet old-
fashioned October.
F
Fern-tre
famWJS
pictures;
tin' kanj
ii 1 -' l!
scenes o
ferns a:
an! mw
shaF f ^
twistsl
«t aU.A-’i
prc-wt.i.
abatit a
bonrnf*.
afc’w.iini!
np
Sirfo;
is i
"A !':••■-
Th- k,
’•I Orp,"
at h
- ■
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
unverified in one single particular by independent testimony,
what, it may be asked, has science to say about the matter
at all ? I reply, a good deal that serves to pub such stories
in their proper place. First of all, there is never any proof
offered that the rock or clay was solid. The animal is never
seen until the rock is broken up or the clay disintegrated ;
hence it is a pure assumption to allege that the animal
was immured in a solid formation.
A story was once submitted to me in
which it was recounted that, after a
rock was blasted in a quarry, a lively
frog was found hopping about among
the debris. Instantly arose the cry of
“ A frog in the solid rock! ”—that is to
say. because the animal, disturbed by the
explosion, had appeared among the rock
^ fragments, the workmen concluded that
it must have come out of the rock, and
from nowhere else. Again, I sr
is not evidence. It is a piece oi
gratuitous assumption. We kno'
frogs and toads can live, under ri
conditions, for lengthy periods of
more of this anon.
Hut I can appeal to direct c\
which vitiates entirely the *' toad-
rock ” stories. Dean Buck land, ti
in his day by like narratives, cat
|B l<si>.*> two blocks of stone to be prepared
S-) ns to contain twelve cells each. The
e lls were 12in. deep by 5in. diameter
Climbin'
>f sheer
>w that
•igorous
l-the-
ubled
unoving
VICTOR
million of English people, had been take
limous in liking it better been immure
impressed testimony an,
it of a bed of clay
it had
i bare
rhich, presum:
limit that on
lifted in assui
:toria, are to
fr. Anthony Trollope was ;
>f their cheerful prosperity
in the daily lives of the c
y wear, in the food which
\ in the education of their <
rt of the people." Though i
»t would b
at the ordinary law
particular, could be
animal
forth-
itimony
UpICT-l
?rvers
have split the rock or clay asunder and f<
or frog embedded therein. Nothing le
in the shape of evidence can possibly
mind, when the issue, to science, a’
momentous character.
The other points in 3Ir. Patterson's
brief criticism. His description applies
torpor. You may see toads and frogs in
winter by the dozen in any locality they
thin body, the shut mouth (by-the-way tl
given to gaping much), and the glass
familiar to every naturalist in a toad whi
bum n
reater
accural
of such
narrative will bear a m
simply to a state of N
E TOAD IN THE ROCK,
f a recent date appeared, under the title of
Toad." the following communication signed
hisfcor
quent.
receiving air and food, and is tin
its domicile. Then the apparently
and out leaps the toad—credited '
from
a prehistoric
creature, but
in reality only
the friend and
companion of
those which
A meeting
the London
:llool Hoard
chairman,
made his an¬
nual state¬
ment, showing
that the two
notable f e a -
ture&of the .ad¬
ministration of
the present
board were the
steady and con-
' i'U'ii i.ii
Oct. H at a
L meeting held
W in the Shill-
ington - street
Board School,Battersea, to celebrate the opening of a new
wing, by which additional accommodation for BOO chi Idren
has been pro Tided. There is now room in these schools
for 1B0U children, which, the chairman said, was the
l»r< un¬
its bones, I will guarantee that if Mr. Patterson will feel his toad—I presume
it is still in the flesh, either as a h ring animal or preserved among “ the wine
of the country "—he will soon discover that it has a skeleton. Possibly
bony development has not proceeded in a thoroughly natural fashion in the
animal for reasons connected with absence of food ; but bones it must have,
otherwise it would not be a toad.
; only the If science utterly rejects the foolishness of the ordinary newspaper story,
with the repeated as heard from the lips of ignorant and often superstitious workmen,
Mor¬
atory
Edwards b
432
OCT. 13. 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
BLACKBURRY ISO.
The children never (?ro«v old. Whatever changes the Intel-
Ivotail expansion of the ages may bring about in youth ami
manhood, the childhood of the nineteenth century remains,
in all essentials, the childhood of the centuries preceding it—
just os bnovant and adventurous, as simple and as sportive.
The bramble is a. dear to the children now as it. was to the
Tudor or the Stuart children ; and no sooner do it- berries
bee in to ripen with the autumn suns and absorb their cha¬
racteristic flavour from the autumn mists, than the little folk
swarm ont into the lanes to forage among the hedges—seek-
in' the sunniest places, where the fruit always matures the
soonest and grows the largest—or they spread over the furry
common, or force their way, heedless of torn garments and
snatched fingers, into the shaws, holts, coppices, or thickets,
where, it is true, the fruit is not so plentiful nor so ripe as in
the more open ground, but is ever so much more palatable on
account of the difficulty experienced in securing it. Yon
mar hear their shouts and laughter afar oif-as spontaneous
ami as jovous as the shoots and laughter in which you yourself
boro your share right heartily some thirty, or forty, or—shall
we suv '—fifty years agone. Therefore, I say, the children never
grow'old. They are what they have ever been ; though the
Public School' Primer has dispossessed the Eton Latin
Grammar and the “High School" risen on the ruins of the
old •• Academv ” and '• Seminary for Young Ladies." All the
brand-new educational systems have left the spirit of child-
ho id unaffected—as you may assure yourself if yon will follow
in the st qw of the children when they go a-blnckbcrrving.
There is a fine catholicity about the blackberry which com¬
mends it to me hugely. The peach and the ncetarine are not
for all —not even in “ tins ” ! The mnngosteen is still harder
of accu is. and the Inscions dorian one only reads of in the pages
of Mr. Wallace: but tho blackberry, like the poor, is always
with ns. It is specially the fruit of the poor. There is no tax
njion it—no charge ; the broad bosom of Nature yields it
unstintedly and ubiquitously, so that round about our manu¬
facturing towns yon will see the hollow-checked, sad-eyed off¬
spring of the slums ever on the watch for the earliest berries,
which, indeed, in their haste, they hardly allow to ripen. But,
if specially the fruit of the poor, it is also everybody’s
fruit; Dives and Lazarus touch hands over the black¬
berry ! Observe, that to enjoy it wisely, you must feast
upon it when freshly gathered—fresh picked from the
thornv and involved stems on which it grows in such
reckless profusion that hundreds and thousands never come
t> maturity. 'Tis best with the dew upon it—the dew
of the cool October morning, when the rising snn gently
brushes away the first light footprints of the autumnal frost.
There are abandoned creatures, I believe, who make this most
admirable frnit into jam; just as there are people who will
bounds; on thoir grandmother's—or, for the matter of that,
on their mother's—grave. The blackberry, however, before all
things is an opi n-airfruit, and he who would taste it aright,
should cat it where and when it is plucked. That it should be
boiled np, or boiled down—which is it .’—with sugar, deprivod
of its natural savour, and reduced to the level of the currant
or the gooseberry, is a degradation unworthy of the fruit
which, 1 doubt not, often refreshed Robin Hood and his merry
men in the glades of Sherwood, and moistened the laughing
lips of the boy Shakspeare in the green fields of Avon.
Consider, too, the “reserve of force" which lies in this tiny,
snn-purpled fruit. Why, like the magic carpet in tho old
fairy story, it can carry you over the wide tracts of the past
to the bold, blithe days of boyhood—“ere yon were old, all,
woeful ere !"—when, as one of a merry company, you rose
betimes, in a mood of natural gaiety, and tramped it merrily
up and down tho green, green lanes, where the first-fallen
leaves, shining with diamond dew-drops, strewed the sward all
about, and the cobwebs sparkled in the sun. and the thistle¬
down fluttered to and fro, and the rime still clung—like a
network of silver—to the windward odges of the deep ruts
ploughed by the wheels of the harvest-wain. Autumn comes
as of old, mid with it tho blackberry ; but never again come
those fresh young energies, that elasticity of spirit, that
boundlessness of hope, that fond ambition, which then
crowded a life of action into every hour ! Hut shall we not
Is! grateful to the modest little low-born berry which recalls
for us the joys of that unequalled time !
Something of the lively interest—I had almost said affec¬
tion—with which wc regaid the blackberry may bo due,
perhaps, to the fact that it is the last offspring of the fruitful
year—its latest-born. Tho spoils of the orchard and tho
garden have all been collected ; the wild raspberry, the cloud¬
berry. and the dewberry—which arc all members, like the
Tii’fituble, of the great Rosacea family—have sunk into the dust;
but still in its angular, prickly, and convoluted spray, which
trails hither and thither in the very abandonment of license,
lingers the hardy fruit of the bramble. It is one of the signs of
the waning seasons. Sloe, bnllace, and crab have had theirday;
but among the old grey hawthorns and the furze, among tho
yellowing hazels and the wildwood, the blackberries still
tempt the fingers of the wayfarer ; and, mayhap, even a tuft
or two of the satiny, roselike’ blossoms are loitering in beech-
shaded hollows and’ nnthought-of nooks, where the pools lie
dark and silent. The hop-gronnds have been dcs]>oiled of
their capricious produce ; and the tall poles which, a few
weeks ago, were ns gay with the garlanded bines as an
admiral's mast with pennons, lie in dull heaps in the corners
of the fields. The foliage of the woods betrays the presence
of the autumn. Tho oak is fast assuming its rich tints of
burnished bronze; the orange of the beech glows in sunny
masses : the “keys" of the ash rattle in the lightest breeze ;
the pale yellow leaves of the elm are falling fast; and the
lindens are nearly bare already. But the long wreaths of the
bramble are still fresh and vigorous.
With much winnowing of wings, and loud, twittering cries,
tho swallows gathered some weeks ago by pool and stream,
to settle among themselves the order of their going, and the
hour of their departure, on their league-long journey to the
genial regions of the South ; but a few stragglers are tarrying
with us yet; and yesterday I saw a couple in hot pursuit of
prey, unconscious, apparently, of the near approach of winter.
Molt of .the singing-birds have left us, and the redwing and
the fieldfare have come to take their places. With “ treble
soft," the familiar redbreast whistles from the garden-croft;
the blackbird and the thrush have not deserted ns wholly ;
while in tho hedge you may find, perhaps, the rare crested
wren—“ that shadow of a bird,” as White of Selborne calls it.
Yes ; there is no mistaking the presence of the autumn. The
wind comes up in little gusts, Which make themselves felt
by sudden showers of leaves dropping fast around ns—leaves
yellow and red, and bronze and ruddy brown, and scarlet
brown and brownish yellow—leaves spotted, streaked, and
tinted—leaves of every hue and shade, ns if Nature had been
trying upon them her pencils dipped in magical colours. The
odour sent np from all this fallen foliage is peculiar, but not
nnpleasint ; if yon penetrate into a coppice, yon are sensible
of it immediately. But there is a stronger odour from tho
fungi whioh now' in blackborry time, thrive in our woods and
orchards and meadows, rivalling the leaves in variety of oolouring
and surpassing them in variety of shape and in size, from
the slender scarlet thread or bright yellow filament on some
decaying stump to the broad bold agaric, twelve inches in dia¬
meter. in the heart of the wood-where, for aught I know,
Titania and her fairies use it as their hospitable board on
nights of sylvan revelry. There are pearlv-white fungi, and
fungi striped with brown, and fungi dipped in rose-bloom;
there are reddish-yellow gingery mushrooms and snowy tnnsh-
rooms (these grow under the trees1; there are fungi shaped like
the moon when near her full, and fungi which remind one of
a balloon ; in short, the diversity is almost endless in what
Cowpcr calls “ the fungous fruits of earth.”
To the children, as with song and shont they tear through
wild tangles of brier, brionv, and bitter-sweet, in search of the
coveted berries, all these; sights and sounds will be as to tlio
blind and deaf: for childhood is not perceptive, but keeps its
gaze fixed on the one aim and object that for the time con¬
centrates its desires. Not so should it be with their elders ;
though there are men and women (God help them !) who will
travel from Dan to Beersheba, and in the vanity of their
ignorance, pronounce that all is barren. And there arc others
ivhogo about the world dismally wringing their hands, sighing
over lost illusions and the weariness of life, and refusing to
sec the bright and consoling things around them. Ab, if they
would but go a-blackberryiug ! In mid-autumn there are often
days when the sun kindles in tho air a warmth like that of
summer ; when the dome of blue overhead is not stained in its
purity by a single cloud : when the soft mist hanging about
tho hills and the woodlands seems to blend earth and
sky together in a vision of delight; when the warble
of tho late-lingering chiff-chaff may still be heard in
the lane, and the chirp of the sparrows in tho stubble-fields,
and in the mossy apple-tree the thrush again takes up his
parable. On such a day it is good to throw the burden of tho
world off one’s shoulders, lay hold of one’s staff, and, like tho
children, go a-blackberrying. The signs and voices of tho
autumn arc multiplying around us. it is true; bnt keep your
eyes on the alert and your heart open and you will see many
beautiful gifts of Nature and receive her inspiring influences.
Tho wild bank, with its tufts of furze and clumps of ricli-
berricd thorn, tho flowers, mostly yellow, that still bloom
among the grasses ; tho hedgerows wreathed with bramble in
every variety of purplish red—these, and a hundred other
curious, wonderful, charming, or lovely object', invite examina¬
tion. Nature is never barren, never silent, not oven in tho
declining days of sober-snited Autumn. There are birds on
the wing, life and health in the breeze, a green growth still in
unfrequented byways, tho sward still springs to tho feet—as
you will find, my friend, if, like the children, yon will go
a-blaokbcrrying. _ TV. H. D.-A.
NEW SURREY CHAPEL.
Old Surrey Chapel, a conspicuous octagonal building in Black-
friars-road, is familiar to most Londoners. Its history is
NEW SIBBET CHAPEL AND SCHOOL, BLACKPBIABS-BOAD.
associated with the famous ministry of the Rev. Rowland
Hill during half a century, and, since that, with the Rev.
James Sherman and the Rev. Newman Hall, whose congrega¬
tion,being unable toget the lease renewed on terms convenient
to them, latterly erected their handsome Christ Church in
Westminster Bridge-road, a mile away. The chapel was handed
over to the Primitive Methodists, and the work of founding
and organising a church was entrusted to the Rev. Benjamin
Senior, whose labours have been successful. The old building
has, for some years past, been given up to its owners, and has
been converted into a warehouse for mochine-manufactnrers.
A “New Surrey Chapel," of which we give an Illustration, has
been erected on a very good site in Blackfriars-road, only forty
yards distant from the old chapel. It is nearly the largest,
and is considered the handsomest, of the chapels belonging to
the Primitive Methodists. The architect is Mr. James Weir, of
9, Victoria-chambers, Westminster. The interior is so arranged
that the minister in the pulpit has his congregation com¬
pactly around him; the wide oval gallery narrowing, behind
the pulpit, into two rows of seats for the choir, with a corner
left for the organ. The decoration of the pulpit, white and
gilded, is in harmony with that of the gallery front.
The large latticed windows are filled with tinted glass.
The ceiling is divided artistically into geometrical squares.
Tho pews ore wide apart, and have wide seats and sloping
backs. There are sittings for 700, which can be increased to a
thousand. Below the chapel, a lecture-hall, with a good
platform, will accommodate 400. On each floor are convenient
rooms—a church parlour for social meetings, pastor’s and
stewards’ vestries, a large room for the meetings of the com¬
mittee of conference, a Sunday-school library, and caretaker's
rooms. £4000 of the £12,000 the site and building have cost
yet remain to be raised, and it is hoped that the chapel will not
be hampered by debt.
The Bank of England has advanced its rate of discount to
5 per cent. So high a rate has not been iu force since January
of last year.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Jan. 11, 18(55), with a codicil (dated Dec. 11,
1880). of General Lord Alfred Paget, for many years Chief
Equerry and Clerk Marshal to the Queen, and M.P. for Lich¬
field from 1837 to 18(55, late of No. 50, Queen Anne-street. who
died on Aug. 24 last, was proved on Oct. 1 by the Earl of
Listowel. Frederick Cox, William Vivian, and Thomas Henry
Bolton, the executors, the value of the personal estate exceed¬
ing £107,000. The testator bequeaths £1000, all stocks and
shares standing in her name or in their joint names, his house¬
hold furniture and effects, and the use, for life, of hi9 pictures
and plate, to his wife, Lady Alfred Paget, and other legacies.
The residue of his property he leaves, upon trust, to pay the
income thereof to his wife, for life, and at her death he gives
£ 10,000 each to his daughters, Evelyn, Amy, Alberta, Alico
Alexandra, Violet, and Guinevere ; £5000 each to his sons,
Arthur, Alfred, George, Gerald, Sydney, and Almeric ; and the
ultimate residue between his children, with the exception of
his eldest son, who under his marriage settlement inherits liis
real estate, and his third son, who is otherwise provided for.
The will (dated July 12, 1887) of the Rev. Robert Colby,
late of Ansford Rectory, Somerset, who died on July 20 last,
was proved on Sept. 20 by John Donald George Higgon. one of
tho executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to
upwards of £107,000. The testator gives £1000, and an
annuity of £1000, to his wife, Mrs. Jane Colby, and a further
sum of £500 per year upon the death of his brother's widow ;
£40(» each to Archibald and Colin Edward Boyd ; £200 each to
his cousins, Anna Colby. Cordelia Colby, Maria Colby, md John
Colby ; and a legacy to his executor. The residue of his pro¬
perty, including his estates in the counties of Cardigan, Pem¬
broke. and Carmarthen, he leaves to his son, Captain John
Vaughan Colby, absolutely.
The will (dated Jan. 14, 1888) of Mr. Walter Holland. J.P.,
late of Rose Hill, Worcester, proprietor of the Vulcan Iron¬
works, and twice Mayor of the city of Worcester, who died cn
July 2x8 last, was proved on Sept. 12 at tho Worcester District
Registry by Mrs. Mary Holland, the widow, William Griffiths,
and Jacob Wait, the execators, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £1(>4,(MJ0. The testator bequeaths
£12.000 and the gold watch presented to him by the West
Midland Provident Association to his son Walter; £10.000
each to his children, Mrs. Charlotte Alice Smith, Mrs. Mary
Jane Cock. Hubert Holland, William John Holland,and Allred
Valentine Holland ; £1000 to his grandson Walter Smith, and
£250 to each of his other grandchildren ; £500 to Jacob Wait;
£350 to William Griffiths ; and numerous other legacies to
relatives and servants. He gives and devises his freehold
messuage known as Rose Hill, with the outbuildings, gardens,
and pleasure grounds, the furniture, plate, Ac., therein,
carriages and horses, and £25,(XK) to his wife, Mrs. Mary
Holland, absolutely. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves between his children in equal shares.
The will (dated April (5, 1883) of Mr. Henry Charles
Churchman, late of Paget House, Ipswich, tobacco manu¬
facturer, who died on Aug. 7, has been proved by Heury Eadc
Churchman, the son, Frank Turner and William Turner, the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £54,000.
The testator gives £200, all his furniture and household
effects, the use, for life, of Paget House, and an annuity of
£700 to his wife. Mrs. Mary Anna Churchman. Subject
thereto he leaves all his property to his four children, Ilenry
Eade. Mrs. Ellen Elizabeth Turner, William Alfred, and Arthur
Charles, in eqnal shares, his sons William and Arthur to have
the option of purchasing his business at Ipswich, the goodwill
thereof not to be taken into account.
The will (dated May 13, 1888) of the Hon. and Rev. William
Whitworth Chctwynd Talbot, B.A., one of the sons of the
second Earl Talbot, late of The Rectory, Hatfield. Herts, who
diet! on July 3 last, was proved on Oct. 3 by the Hon. Eleanor
Julia Talbot, the widow and sole executrix, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £3(5,000. The testator bequeaths bis
“ Poli Synopsis Commentatorum,” in five vols.. to Lord William
Cecil ; and a small souvenir or memento to each of his grand¬
children and to his grandniece, Muriel Talbot. He desires to
express his gratitude and thanks to Lord and Lady Salisbury
and Lord and Lady Shrewsbury for the great acts of kindness
received from them. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves to his wife, absolutely.
The will of Mr. William Mitchell, late of No. 1(5. Carl ton-
hill, St. John's Wood, who died on Sept. 1, was proved on
Sept. 2(5 by Mr. James MacLellan Mitchell, the nephew, and
Mr. Thomas Homans Cooke, the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £13,000. The testator bequeaths £50
each to the** Homes of Hope,” for the restoration of fallen women
and the protection of friendless young women, the Metropolitan
Drinking-Fountain and Cattle-Trough Association, the Royal
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and the
Victoria-street Society in connection with the International
Society for the Total Suppression of Vivisection ; £5(10, and
the iucome of a sum of £2(>00, to his niece, Anna Jacques ; and
oilier legacies. The residne of his real and personal estate he
leaves to his nephew, James MacLellan Mitchell, absolutely.
A BULGARIAN PEASANT WOMAN.
The picture by a German artist, Paul Thumann, which is re¬
produced in onr Engraving, is the portrait of a handsertne
woman of the laborious rustic class, who was met with among
a troop of her hardworking countrywomen, travelling in com¬
pany on the road from Bulgaria and Servia to the commercial
seaport and city of Salonica, as hundreds of them do every
summer, in quest of employment and wages. These women,
poor as they are, inured to the rudest toil, and living on the
simplest food, contrive to indulge their natural taste for dress
with a graceful costume, the materials of which, however, arc
not inordinately costly. She wears a white robe of coarse linen,
with sleeves of elegant shape embroidered by her own skilful
needle, with a broad sash of green cloth tied round her waist, from
which hangs an apron of deep crimson, fringed at the bottom ;
a narrow, sleeveless jacket, striped with bright colours, is put
over her shoulders, leaving the bosom open ; the head-dress is
a gay kerchief, to which arc fastened several coins of glittering
copper, or perhaps of silver. This fashion of attire, lor which
she owes nothing to the milliner and dressmaker, having pur¬
chased the materials, which are of durable stuff, at the nearest
village fair, is well adapted to set off the robust beauty of
her foco and figure ; the brown complexion, the snnburnt
face, neck, and breast, freely exposed to the summer air,
the large, dark eyes, and the classic features, which are
frequently admired in the female youth of that nation.
M. Emile de Laveleye, in his instructive book on “The Balkan
Peninsula," an English translation of which was recently
published by Mr. T. Fisher Unwin, repeatedly notices the
beauty of some of the Bulgarian women, especially among
the population of the south-eastern districts, towards the
Macedonian frontier. The great majority of the inhabitants
of Macedonia, still left under Turkish rule, are of the same
fine race, and are members of the Eastern Christian Church.
They arc intensely desirous of independent self-government.
OCT. 13, 1888
433
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Everybody interested in artistic decoration, or, indeed, in art
at all in the wider sense and not in the limited one of painted
pictures, should make a point ot seeing, it possible, the Arts
and Crafts .Society's exhibition at the New Gallery. It
includes designs as well as finished work, and all classes of
decorative materials aud objects are amongst the collection.
There is a quantity of very beautiful needlework, designed
(amongst other things) for curtains, table-covers, screens,
panels, portieres, and grand-piano tops. Mrs. Walter Crane
appears to be an embroideress of rare skill; there are several
beautiful pieces of her work : one being a series of panels in
an ebonised cabinet designed by Mr. Crane, r.nl another a
couple of pretty and quaint wall-pockets. There are also all
manner of sumptuous and beautiful woven and printed
materials, from art-muslins to velvets, and from curtain-stuffs
to carpets; beaten and engraved brass, copper, and iron work ;
glass, tiles, and mosaics; book-illustrations and bindings ; and
cartoons and designs for stained glass, frescoes, wall-papers,
and tapestries.
There is a good deal of decorative work (amongst it a
grand-piano top) “ in gesso.” This consists of a raised device
in a solid substance, which is, it appears, composed of plaster
of Paris, glue, and cotton-wool. This stuff, being worked in
while soft, is modelled to the design, and can either be white
(as it is all over this particular piano) or coloured to taste.
There is a large casket—-it is called a *• cassone,” after the
marriage coffers of ancient Italian custom — almost big
enough for a tomb, and executed “in gesso,” by Mr. Burne-
Jones; the bulk of this is gilded, with a certain relief in
colour—the subject being the mystic tree in the garden of
the Hesperides, with the dragon encircling the trnnk, and the
guardian women standing round. There are many other
specimens of this work, but that of Mr. Burne-Jones holds the
attention no less by the brilliant appearance given it by the
gilding and by its size than by its more “artistic merits.”
“Gesso" has many of the qualities of fresco painting, while
at the same time it can be applied to movable panels, friezes.
Ac. It must be most interesting work to do, and is not, I
understand, difficult, though in this, as in everything else,
artistic capacity must reveal its existence. Some of the gesso
work looks very like Japanese leather paper.
The theory of the exhibition is that only by the intro¬
duction of the personal element of art into craftsmanship—the
individual feeling of responsibility in the craftsman, and the
varying, living influence of the hand and brain of the worker_
can decorative work be made truly artistic. The modern plan
(on which sweating is based) of calling articles, whether it be
of clothing or of furniture and decoration, by the name of some
tradesman, who has absolutely nothing to dowith the workman¬
ship, but is only the middleman between producer and purchaser,
and of concealing behind him the true artist and craftsman!
is chavged by the promoters of the society with causing
slovenly work and deterioration of design. Certainly, this
exhibition cannot but be to the seeing eye a most impressive
lesson in that painstaking about work" which the society
desires to foster. The careful, detailed perfection of much of
what has been judged worthy a place here is so obviously the
result of conscientious, unstinted, and protracted pains that the
hasty and impatient can hardly fail to perceive the lesson. The
sort of work shown is of a kind to display particularly the
evidence of effort. This is very striking (to single out one
where nearly all might be spoken of) in the cartoons
by Mr. Bnrne-Jones. That great artist's oil-painting
impresses by its colour and by its beauty of design;
but here, without such distractions, in the plain black
and white, one sees more clearly the serious care and
strenuous effort which has given the perfection to the work.
The trouble of drawing with perfect accuracy countless circles
aud squares to represent the wood-carving above the throne of
David in a “ A Design for Windows” (No. 170), the labour of
making an infinite number of tiny strokes to represent the
carving on certain coffers aud frames that stand round the
King s feet, is so easily to lie appreciated in these cartoons
that one feels as though one had received a revelation of the
meaning of “ To labour is to pray.” There is here a reverence
for truth and a struggle after perfectness that mean moral
rather than merely intellectual qualities.
I doubt not that the promoters of the exhibition are right
when they say that it is precisely a moral stimulus that is
wanting when the most faithful and loving work is ascribed,
not to the artist, but only to the man who sells the com¬
pleted article to the public. However, what I want to refer to
specially is the lesson which such evidence of painstaking on
the part of successful and eminent men should convey to
beginners in any art, and especially to women. I do not think
that careless finish and slap-dash haste and incompleteness
are essentially part of the feminine nature. Quite on the
contrary ; when women have the conviction of its being their
duty to be careful and thorough, they are surpassingly patient
and painstaking, as so much old lace and old embroidery exist
to prove. But I do think that our domestic training is not
conducive to such qualities : first one trivial task to perform,
then another, no leal rest and no real settling down to deep
ami intense labour all day long, is the story of a house¬
mother s existence. The faculty of “sticking at” one
piece of work, and lavishing thought and patience on it, is
not developed, but diminished, by such an everyday series of
small and incessant distractions as women have in their homes,
let one who would do good work in any art runst somehow
find the time and the power for concentration and slow,
earnest labour.
’e not in ^e art9 °l painting or decoration alone
that, whenever we are able to observe the efforts of a
master, we find them to be based on painstaking and patience.
In literature it is so. emphatically. Neverdid anything appear
more like a gift of Nature than Macaulay's fluent style. Yet
in the British Museum may be seen sheets of his manuscript,
interlined and corrected and re-written with unwearied industry,
there is yet preserved in an Italian museum a piece of paper
on which Ariosto wrote one of his finest stanzas with sixteen
variations of word and phrase. Dickens's notes and memoranda
prove his unwearying effort after accuracy and finish. Jane
Austen ended “ Persuasion ’’ in three different methods ; while
Hawthorne was found to have written in no fewer than five
different wavs one chapter of the novel that he left unfinished.
“If I fail, it will not be because I have shrank from
labour. I have worked at poetry—it has not been with me
reverie, but art. As the physician and lawyer work at their
several professions, so have I, and so do I apply to mine.”
These are the words of the greatest of English poetesses, as
quoted in “The Life of Mrs. Browning,” by John H. Ingram,
just published in the “ Eminent Women Series." What a
contrast to the girls who scribble novels as fast as their
hands can write, or dash off poems between afternoon tea and
dinner, and consider it a token of literary jealousy if their
works are not accepted by editors and praised by critics ! I
sm compelled to say that of the young authoresses who
v?- ^ rom t * rBe 1,0 t ' rae sought my opinion on their first
Published work, tho majority sent hopelessly slovenly per¬
formances. Flobe.nce Fe.vwick-M jller.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Cononunicationr for thin department eh add be nddreeerd to the Cheer Editor.
.' V '7 A . P'" 111 ' 1 "."' bsavily cnciiiiUhtciI win, i»c<v» ... lava, u a
rSS’T"?. '"“"T-» Uimci.lt kw-min c. Tour wtutiun is suui.lc luttic eunme.
b tart uuotlicr.aiul employ fewer piece*.
B Wjjr jg.jjj Jfgmg* true; Problem No. sajj admit* of a
E hUlo ■ °Nl 1 ? 1 hj - ! 8 ?'u,Ktf "e.*™ dc,ecUvc5 So * 1 hy h R t0 B *><L nr
H KHKWAim. TUc iliro e-move problem i* «oo may <f solution. TUc ot her in clever
yourcct'fy tfn" flSwV‘° aIClj adm,li of * 8CCond *»!«'«■ h > »• * t*> Kt 3rd. Can
J !,n * *51® «VI” 110 >OUnd ; ,kcre 19 n ° ,n ,te “* y° U MlffgMl.
solution in utir present Number. *
quire.
»r present Number.
31 Am t n K.—Any work on the frame will contain the matter y.
Delta.—M any t banks for name, which in extremely we I com a
Sl i^ K t ,,LT, “ Wc have complied with your request. Your s.
duticn
B l.c
the author’*
ot Loaccom-
■ived Iron
Wheeler, J O
auks, J Dixoti, K n N II (l.hcriHiolL llerrwnnl.
r Alpha. 1) M'Cot. Mrt Kelly,
|, "J^n. Klui. | f"tth. w St Curn«. K F A.r K P.
:»ir.K5 uuitcr &( > Smvm, U oB a “ d } 0 " Wi “ dl5C °'
tived, with thank*, from B G law*. F Healey, and J P Taylor.
•TloVK nr Pnoni.KM No. 2317 rrccitp.l from C R nratiIley.Moore
. , ,, , , *f N". 23IH ..E Bolin Si Pill (Herne), and U E P: of No.
A Wheeler.and Joseph T Pullen ; of No. -330from
v n n ' Th,J Hatfu.M, H S H 1Hen UUyil.lmgJ, D T (Ben Uhyddiunh
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i it u rte H'avklram. J J.MV. M l). <Hli.-fllH.IM; T Pouell, K l...u.lnn. Dr K sr
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AJhiuir, T T (Tottcndyei. Howard A. J I'ond, E Luca*, and Martin Folwcll.
Solution op Problem No. 8319.
. Jhitk. BLACK.
1. Kt to R 3rd Kt to Kt 3rd
8 . B to R 4th K to y sth
3. Q to K 4th (eh*S K toko Kt, or tuovoa
l. B to Kt *q. or tnkf's P. Mate.
P ' K ,l> mWia-Q.o ummx
PROBLEM No. 8323.
By Godfrey Hkatbcotb.
CIIE8.4 IN SCOTLAND.
Gnitic i.layrd In the ma)or toimmmont of tho SrottMi Clioss Association
last July bctwotdi Mr. G. E. RahbiKK ami CapLiln Mai KEN/iK.
(ItUf/ leOJHZ.)
white (Mr. B.> buck(C apt M.) j w hite (Mr. B )
1. P U. K 4 111 P to K Hh 23.
2. Ki to K B 3rd Kt to y B 3nl 24. Kt to K 2nd
3. B to Kt 5th Kt to B 3rd
as tics
Kl taken P
7. U Likes Kt (ch> B to K 2nd
8. B l» y 3nl
Kt t<> Rliilwn* played here by Steini
win. must bate carefully Attnly.-n! f
rcAimrce* «»f the jmsiti.m. Mr. Itur'.i
m Black l a ki
ie B with Kt.
9. Kt to B 3rd
10. y to B 3rd
11. H to K 3rd
12. P to Q Kt 3rd
13. B to It 4th
I I. B takes Kt <eh) H lakes it
15. B to H 3rd P to Q till
16 Q R to K
White ha* mnnaifcd
hi tter dcvclopill
rarities
P to K B 4th
B to B 3rd
I* to K Kt 3rd
Kt to B 2nd
R 3rd
B to Q 2nd
17. K R to K 2nd K to Kt 2nd
18. Kl to Kt »q
Fen rim; O in R 41 li. f. .Unwed by ntakci
Kt. The in..'
Paw n(
.y ad i a
b' thi
P to Kt 3rd
Withnvicwtoabuttin?"Ut the Uislinp.
19. B to y 6th Q R to B mi
20. B to K 5th B Likes B
21. K takes B y to B 3rd
sexchamo
One.
’ Plo
nlhst-.iidini
id I II
25. P to R 4th
26. Kt to B 3nl
27. Kt to K 5th
28. V Likes I*
P to B Sth
P takes P
P tokos P
y to y s.|
K y to B 3rd B to B 4th
>. P to B 3rd K to H 2nd
An error, n i.lcnrly ; a* thereby \V1
31. R to K Hh
32. U to K 5th
33. It to K sth
31. y It takes R
White threaten*
35. Q It to K 5th
35. y It to K r,th
37. It to K 5th
38. P to Q 5lli
The J*..
far. the
.play - ho l«
Q to Q 4th
Q to y 2nd
R takes Kt
Q to y 4lh
u push i lie Pawn,
y to Q 3rd
y to y 4th
y to y 2nd
w one, < t flifflculty
e move in tlie text
•r llki.'k.-Mtdco-,.
I 38. p uikta P
39. Q to Q 4th
| White should have adopted tho
to It Sth I chi. K to Kl 2nd , best): 4». O to
O 4t h. It to it .Ird ; 41. It to K sih. and
diawM by |icriN-iual check.
39. tt to Q B aq
Honks, bnl
«l nueioti*.
ftck'a Pat
1 Q for t
» looked t
etter, followed h
40. Q takes R
11. Q take# P U to Q 2nd
43. y to Kt 5th
And Black niamuycil, by attacking
exposed Kititr. t«» exchange tho p;
Mid win through hi* extra Pawn
Onoen's side. Though Mr. Barbicr
l<y ilie uame, he played with great
Against Ins dangerous antagonist.
We are requested to announce that the Commissioners of
her Majesty's Works and Public Bnildings intend to distribute
this autumn among the working classes and the poor in¬
habitants of London tho surplus bedding-ont plants in Hyde
and the Regent's Parks, and in tho Royal Gardens, Kew, and
the Pleasure Gardens, Hampton Court. It the clergy, Bchool
committees, and others interested will make application to the
superintendent of the park nearest to their respective, parishes,
or to the Director Of tho Royal Gardens, Kew, or to the
Superintendent of Hampton Court Gardens, in the cases of
persons residing in those neighbourhoods, they will receive
early intimation of the number of plants that can be allotted
to each applicant, and of the time and manner of their
distribution.
A TEA-TASTER IN CHINA.
The amusing Sketches, by Mr. II. W. G. Haytcr, of Shanghai,
which appear in a page of onr Engravings, represent some
incidents of the ordinary life and business of one of the agents
of British commerce in on article which perhaps contributes
more to the honschold comfort of English families than all
other foreign commodities, except wheat and flesh-meat, and
which is first in importance among Chinese exports to Great
Britain, altogether reaching a yearly value of nine or ten
millions sterling. The English mercantile agent, whose
special mission is that of tasting, pricing, and buying the
teas suitable for our market, is soen on board the steam-ship
approaching the end of his long voyage ; next, on the morn¬
ing of his first day in China, aroused at six o'clock by
the native servant boy, who brings a cup of the refresh¬
ing beverage to his bedside, aud who has filled his bath
with cold water; then we see him in conference with
a plump and spectacled Chinese vendor of leas, whose
samples arc tasted, but not swallowed, from cups of the
steaming infusion. Onr friend offers a moderate price,
reckoned in the Chineso money of “ taels,” which the China¬
man, one of tho shrewdest of bargainers, will decline as in¬
sufficient, with “ Ki-yah ! truly nocan ; my wantchee 55 taelce;
Kee-hing ! ” in a mixture of “ pigeon ” or “ business " English
with Chinese ejaculations, declaring that he wants fifty-five
taels as the lowest possible price. The chests are supposed
each to contain a certain weight of tea. and when sold
are brought to be weighed in the buyer's presence, while
the Chinaman, anxious to create a favourable opinion of his
honesty, repeats the assuring remark, “ You catchee cliancee this
time.” meaning that his customer is very fortunate in getting
each an ample quantity for his money. The laborious coolies,
each ladeu with a couple of tea-chcsts suspended from the
ends of a bamboo-pole laid over his shoulder, march in pro¬
cession to the “ go-down ” or wharf, and deliver this
merchandise to the boatmen who take it on board the steam¬
ship. On the eve of the ship's departure from the port, onr
English friend is bard at work in his office, as the clock shows,
until hnlf-an-honr after midnight, finishing his letters for the
homeward mail, and reporting to his employers in London the
particulars of his recent transactions. Such is the bnsincss
life of many of onr countrymen residing at Shanghai, relieved,
however, by social hospitalities and amusements congenial to
Englishmen, and practicable in a commercial colony where
the climate is tolerable and wits are sharpened by active
vigilance in the affairs of trade. The native precesses
of manufacturing teas of various qualities, from tie leaves
of different varieties of the plant, grown in the districts
specially favonrablc to their cultivation, with the distinctions,
not merely of " black " and “green." but of many sorts and
subjected to peculiar manipulation, are worthy of study.
They were described, twenty years ago, in an instructive book
written by Mr. Robert Fortune, a scientific botauist sent by
onr Indian Government, in the East India Company's time, to
procure seeds of tea and skilled Chinese manufacturers for the
Assam plantations. Since that period, the tea produce of
Assam ami other Indian.provinces has attained a yearly valno
of «S.7«0,owt, and that of Ceylon, rapidly superseding coffee,
is increasing at a great rate ; we may expect also that Queens¬
land and Northern Australia will hereafter become tea-growing
colonies, with the aid of ChineBe or Hindoo labour, to a con¬
siderable extent.
The freedom of the city of Dublin has been conferred upon
Cardinal Moran.
Miss Driver, of Tittcnhurst, Snnninghill, has given £1000
to the Royal Holloway College, Egbam, as a fund for prizes.
The Marquis of Ripon, at a crowded meeting in the Roch¬
dale Townhall on Oct. 4, distributed the prizeB to the science
and art students who bad been successful in the examinations.
Lady Penrhyn opened, on Oct. 3, the new hall of residence
for lady students at the University College of North Wales, at
Bangor. Accommodation is provided for forty students.
The Leeds Permanent Fine-Art Gallery, which forms a
portion of the municipal bnildings erected hy the Corporation
at a cost of £180,(WO, was opened on Oct. 3 by the Mayor, in
the presence of the members of the Town Council, several
Bishops, and members of Parliament, and tho majority of
Mayors representing the West Riding of Yorkshire.
A return of the numbers, nationalities, and destinations of
emigrants who left the United Kingdom in September h:;s
been issued from the commercial department of the Board of
Trade ; 38.1.86 emigrants left these shores during the month,
ns compared with 43,402 in 1887. The total for the last nine
months was 336,042, as against 325,765 in the corresponding
period last year.
Lord Harrington was, on Oct. 3, presented with the freedom
of the bnrgh of Inverness, “ in recognition of his long and
eminent services to the State.” In the evening, the youngest
bnrgess addressed a great gathering of Liberal Unionists in
the Free Assembly Hall, which is capable of containing 3500
persons, and was crowded in every part. He dealt mainly
with the position of the Liberal Unionist party—first by way
of vindication from the assaults of the Gladstonians, and
afterwards from a more positive and constructive standpoint.
At St. Paul's Cathedral on Sunday, Oct. 7, the Rev. Pre¬
bendary Hodson preached in the morning, and the Rev.
W. ,T. S. Simpson, Curate of Christ Church, Albany-street,
in the evening. The following will be the preachers for the
rest of the month : Mornings—on the 14th, the Rev. Minor
Canon Coward; 21st, the Rev. Prebendavy Moore; 28th.
the Rev. W. J. Hall. Evenings—14th, the Rev. II. L. Paget!
Vicar of St. Pancras ; 21st, the Rev. G. W. Dent, Principal
of St. Mark's College, Chelsea ; 28th, the Rev. W. A. Mobeily.
Vicar of the Church of the Ascension, Blacklienth. The Arch¬
deacon of London is the Canon in Residence for the mouth.
The School of Art Wood-Carving, City and Guilds’
Institute, Exhibition - road, South Kensington, has been
reopened after the usnal summer vacation, and we are roqnested
to state that one or two of the free studentships in the evening
classes maintained by means of funds granted to the school bv
the Institute are vacant. To bring the benefits of the school
within the reach of artisans a remission of half-fees for the
evening class is made to artisan students connected with tho
wood-carving trade. Forms of application for the free student¬
ships and any further particulars relating to the school may¬
be obtained from the manager.
The following scholarships and prizes were distribnted at
St. George's Hospital by Professor Humphry, of Cambridge, on
Oct. 1 : £125 scholarship, to Mr. R. G. Turner; £65 scholar¬
ship. to Mr. J. S. Edkins ; £50 scholarship, to Mr. C. S. Bern-;
William Brown £100 exhibition, to Mr. A. II. Ward; tiic
Brackenbnry prize in medicine, to Mr. B. V. Sortain ; the
Brackenbury prize in surgery and the Brodie prize in clinical
surgery, to Mr. H. Higgins ; the Acland prize in clinical
medicine, to Mr. W. M. Davidson ; Sir Charles Clarke'B prize,
to Mr. C. Truman ; the Johnson prize in anatomy, to
Mr. R. M. H. Walford; general proficienoy prizes, to Messrs.
H. S. Barkworth and R. M. H. Walford.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct 13, 1888.— 434
A TKA-TASTKR'8 LIKK AND WORK IN CHINA.
—r—
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
135
THE BISHOP OF MANCHESTER’S
PASTORAL STAFF.
The pastoral staff presented to the Bishop of Manchester by
the clergy and laity of the diocese is formed of a shaft of
irory. relieved by mounts of silver richly embossed, gilded,
and embellished with sixty-eight precious stones. The shaft
terminates in a capital of silver
ornamented with foliage, surmounted
by eight enamelled medallions re¬
presenting the Four Evangelists, with
the Sacred Monogram, the Cross, and
Alpha and Omega. Above is a series
of turrets or pinnacles, enriched
with enamels, each pinnacle termi¬
nating with a jewel. The shaft is
continued and falls over to form the
crook. The outer edge of the shaft
is decorated with silver crockets or
foliage, secured by silver bands enriched with
gems. The inside curve of the shaft encircles a
carved ivory group representing “The Good
Shepherd.” The staff, for design and workman¬
ship. reflects great credit upon Messrs. Thomason
and Co., of Manchester.
NEW BOOKS.
77/r Mapleson Memoirs, 1S4S In 1SSS. Two vols.
(Remington and Co.).—The manifest decline of
Italian Opera permits us to review the past
incidents of its management and performance, in
the series of fashionable entertainments re¬
membered by the elders of this generation, with
cool historical interest. Colonel James Henry
Mapleson—his military rank, as commander of a
regiment of Volunteers, may here be recognised
once for all—relates his varied experiences as
lessee and manager, both in England and in the
United States, with an engaging air of frankness,
and with a good-humoured vivacity that isalivnys
amusing. Having been trained in the Royal
Academy of Music, and in the Conservatorio of
Milan, both as a violinist and as a vocalist, the
loss of his voice, which w-as a promising tenor,
induced him to resort to the business of an agent
for the musical profession. In 1858 he gave his
services as manager to an Italian Opera Company
formed by Mr. E. T. Smith at Drury-Lane
Theatre; and in 1861. when that omnivorous
“entrepreneur” was obliged to quit these specu¬
lations, Mr. Mapleson took the Lyceum on his
own account; but soon obtained from Lord
Dudley a lease of Her Majesty’s Theatre, which
he opened in 18H2. His company then included
Mademoiselle Titiens, a great lyric and dramatic
artist. Giuglini the tenor, Albani, Trob'elli, M.
Gassier, and Siguor delle Sedie, with Anliti as
conductor. He narrowly missed securing Adelina ‘
Patti, “a little lady from America," who had
just arrived ; she was captured by Mr. Frederick
Gye. for the Royal Italian Opera, Covent-Garden,
by the timely loan of £.'id. being then actually in
need of money. The first experiment at the
Lyceum resulted in a loss of £ Ison. The eminent
artists we have named were zealous and industri¬
ous; sometimes, after performing such an opera
as the "Huguenots." “Lucrezia Borgia." or
'• Norma." they would sup together at midnight,
and then rehearse the " Ballo in Maschero."
from half-past one in the morning till long
hours after daylight! Of Mademoiselle Titiens,
especially, whoso professional conduct was most
honourable, and who was a brave, generous
woman, Mr. Mapleson speaks in the highest
terms. Signor Gittglini’s childish petulance and
vehement caprices occasioned much trouble ; and
many ridiculous stories are told of him. By an
unlucky accident, one night in playing “ Norma,”
Titiens, as the Druid priestess, threw hack her
drumstick, with which she struck the gong, so as
to hit Giuglini on the nose ; and he swore that
he would never play “ Pollio” with her again.
These whims and tricks of Giuglini, which fill
some pages of this narrative, were, however,
surpassed in vexatious absurdity by those of
Masini, in 1878, and of another tenor. Ruvelli. in sXjj
Mr. Mapleson's American tour of 1882. It should j|
not be inferred that any psychological cause, *
even peculiar to the Italian race, disposes tenors ‘ fob tbk’ 1
to behave unreasonably more than baritones; ^'■HrsTm.
for Mario was the most obliging and agreeable
of men ; lmthe was a thorough Italian gentleman. We should
rather say that Italians of low birth, and ill-educated, are of all
mankind the most quickly spoilt by (lersonal success in a public
calling; though in pecuniary greediness, and in apparent un¬
faithfulness to contracts, some ladies not of Italian birth have
far outdone the priroa donnas from the classic land of songsters.
With MadameGrisi, whose goodness in such respects is grate¬
fully acknowledged. Mr. Mapleson was associated only in 1S6«.
at tke close of her admirable career. His introduction of
Hiristine Nilsson to the London audience, in 1867, was an
event of much importance ; hut lie found her "somewhat
exacting” in after years. The great disaster that befell him
December, 18117, by the conflagration of Her Majesty's
Iheatre, causing him a loss of ibbJ.iMHl on properties which
he was arranging the day before to insure, would have
crashed a less energetic and courageous man. But he re¬
opened at Drury-Lane in the following season; and in
the autumn, by a temporary compact with Mr. Gye, who
then considered the rivalry of the two houses likely to be
ruinous to both, had the use of the “Royal Italian ” building
in Covent-Garden, with Costa in the orchestra. The season of
18HH yielded a joint clear profit of £36,000, from Mr. Maple¬
son s share of which, however, £3000 must he deducted for
insurance and rates. They soon disagreed, as to the terms of
a proposed continuance of partnership, when Her Majesty’s
Iheatre was rebuilt; and Mr. Gye was involved in litigation,
>oth with Lord Dudley and with Colonel Brownlow-Knox,
concerning the two leading houses. We do not care to make
any remark on the statements of Mr. Mapleson, which are
temperately, even drily, set forth, concerning Mr. Gve’a
repeated acts of hostility down to 1877; it is possible that
something might have tieen said on the other side. A wider
new Of action, with more exciting adventures, is presented by
us American operatic tours, the first of which began in
October, 1878, with Madame Etelka Gerster for prima donna,
giving 164 performances of opera and forty-seven concerts,
, westward as far as Chicago and Cincinnati. In the
renewing year, after the London season, he again went to the
timed States, and his prima donna was Marimou, who won
high favour at New York and Boston, till her voice snddenly
failed. The fatigues of long travelling in America seem
to have tried the ladies most severely; and there were also
trials of temper among them, in some instances, from pro¬
fessional jealousy carried to extreme lengths. Hereby hang
several amusing little stories. Mr. Mapleson's American
triumphs in 1881, 1882, and 1883, especially in the Grand
Opera Festivals at Cincinnati, were the culminating success of
his management; and the overwhelming popular enthusiasm
is forcibly described. He was then acting, conjointly with
Mr. Ernest Gye. for the directors of the Royal Italian Opera
Company of London. He was opposed at New York by Mr.
Abbey, the lessee of the new Metropolitan Opera-house, from
which competition, it appears, came the enormous price that
was subsequently jiaid for the services of Madame Patti. No
singer had ever before received £1000 a night, which was first
offered to her by Mr. Abbey, hacked by the millionaire
Vanderbilt. Mr. Mapleson thought fit to promise as much,
while Madame Nilsson was content with £300 a night.
Whether any individual human talent or accomplishment can
ever be worth such an extravagant hire, let the world consider
at leisure. The London directors would not ratify the engage¬
ment to pay those terms : anil Mr. Mapleson. supported hv the
stockholders of the New York Academy of .Music, had to'biud
himself to do so. From I8s:l to 1887.. his relations with
Madame Patti, during a series of marvellously popular per¬
formances all over America, were magnificent hut not profit¬
able to himself; and. without reference to personal interests,
it can scarcely he wished, for the sake of true art. that such
an example had proved successful. Madame Patti, at this
time, would attend no rehearsals, in which Titiens and other
great artists had been punctually diligent. Not disparaging
the attractions of this very expensive vocalist, or the competent
judgment of her sincere admirers, it may lie suggested that
American providers of stage novelties have a shrewd insight
into the weak points for attack on the purses of the vulgar rich,
a class largely prevailing in the great cities of the United States.
Every device of newspaper interviewing and incessant reporting
was employed to advertise the prodigious costliness of Patti’s
appearances : discussion of the pecuniary negotiations was
kept up for weeks by journalists set on to promote the intended
“ boom ; ” the price of her dresses, of her saloon railway
carriage, with its decorations and furniture, and even her hotel
hills, stimulated that characteristic American sentiment, the
glory of spending more money than any other people do. It
supplies the want of true taste in the United States, and is the
national substitute for a genuine appreciation of the exalted,
the beautiful, and the harmonious, in which Mr. Matthew
Arnold found the American mind sadly wanting. When
the reporters had interviewed Patti " in her gorgeous
palace car,” and had noted the items of various expenses
totalling many thousands of dollars, the victory of her
Western campaign was assured in advance; that is the
American secret of a public success. With some understand¬
ing of the circumstances, we read Mr. Mapleson’s narrative of
the extraordinary doings at San Francisco, where the streets
were blocked, all through the night, with people crowding to
lie first at the sale of tickets next morning ; where seats in
the dress circle were bought at £4 to £10 each : where the
top gallery was invaded by men dropping in from holes
broken in the roof; and the receipts for one performance were
nearly £3000. besides which the purchasers of boxes could sell
them at an immense premium. Hut Mr. Mapleson lost money,
in that tour, at the rate of £1200 a week, and his property
was repeatedly in the clutches of the Sheriffs for manifold
debts. Nevertheless, the farewell visit of Patti to America, in
18871. with a Grand Ojieratie Festival at Chicago, realised a
net profit of £30,000. In 18811, not having Patti with him.
the American expedition proved a disastrous failure ; and his
retreat from California, encumbered with a hundred and sixty
helpless followers, whose personal baggage was often detained
for hotel-bills, is a tale of thrilling adventure. Without dwell¬
ing on particulars of more recent date, we cordially wish Mr.
Mapleson, in future, as much prosperity as he can fairly earn,
while thanking him for a pleasant account of his labours and
fortunes in the past.
The Mr,nation of Ilalpl, liar,Mot. By William Minto.
Three vols. (Macmillan).—To do full justice to the special
merits of this hook it should be considered not so much as a
novel or romance, but as an exposition of English history and
tiie state of society five centuries ago. It presents, with some
admixture of imaginative fiction, a very good account of the
notable insurrection of the peasantry. led by Wat Tyler, the
famous Man of Kent: John Ball, the clerical demagogue of
Cambridge: Jack Straw, and others, who besieged London for
several days in June. 1381, when the Tower was stormed, the
Duke of Lancaster's Palace in the Savoy was burnt, and Arch¬
bishop Sudbury, the Lord High Chancellor, was put to death.
The hero of the story. Ralph Hardelot. iB a kinsman of that
unpopular prelate and Minister of State ; and his brother
Reginald is in the confidential service of the Archbishop.
Bnt Ralph, a scholar and soldier, having been educated
at Cambridge, and having served a year or two in the
French wars, became one of the disciples of Wycliffe, and
then put on the russet garb of those zealous lay mission¬
aries. called “ Wycliffe's poor priests,” who went about
England preaching a new era of religious, moral, and
social reform. He is not, however, legally or ecclesiastic¬
ally hound to celibacy ; and the early mutual attach¬
ment, between this young man and Clara Roos, with whom
he was brought up ns a hoy in the family of Sir John
Cavendish, guardian also to this girl, is the "only feature of
the story that concerns the tender passion. Clam, being an
orphan heiress, was forced into a marriage, never consum¬
mated, with a ruffianly knight. Sir Richard Kainham. from
whom she escaped on the wedding-day. and took refuge in
Daftford Priory. The immediate action of the present nar¬
rative liegins with a journey on horseback through Essex, by
way of the town of Sudbury, where the populace are rising in
anger to oppose the new poll-tax. Two strangers, disguised
as Flemish merchants, one calling himself Simon d’Ypres, but
whose real name is John Kirby, and who is a chief manager of
the political conspiracy, are there quietly watching events.
Ralph Hardelot is invited to join their party on the road to
Stourbridge fair. In passing Sturmere Castle, the stronghold
of Sir Richard Rainham. who is a privileged highway robber,
these travellers are attacked and plundered ; and Ralph, whom
the brutal tyrant especially hates as the lover of Clara, is oast
into a dungeon. To our surprise, not less than to his. Clara is
found there in the dark, half mad with terror; she has
been captured by Sir Richard’s emissaries, while taking the
air outside Dartfonl Priory in Kent, has been carried off to
Sturmere, and is apparently consigned to a lingering death in
the dungeon, along with her unlucky lover. We do not
remember any precedent for this fantastic method of marital
vengeance in other romantic tales : but we have often read
something very like Ralph’s feat of overpowering and tying
up the wicked lord of the castle, followed by the deliverance
of Ralph and Clara when Wat Tyler's band of insurgents easily
break into the castle hv a sndden assault. Professor Minto,
indeed, cannot describe this kind of exploit and adventure so
well as Mr. R. L. Stevenson does in “ The Black Arrow," or
Sir Walter Scott in"Ivanhoe.” Delivered, anyhow, from his
first dire peril, Ralph seekB the King, Richard II., then a
generous boy of fifteen, sojourning at Castle Hedingham in
that neighbourhood; frankly and faithfully declaring the
grievances of the peasants, who are oppressed by serfdom and
illegal exactions under their local tyrants, he is authorised to
go forth and promise redress in the King's name. This pro¬
ceeding, his " Mediation,” is loyally undertaken by Ralph Hard¬
elot, and he goes on to the great Fair at Stourbridge, the descrip¬
tion of which is the bestchapterin the book. He addresses the
people there, urging them to abstain from violence, but is mis-
reported by malignant spies, and is again imprisoned, this t ime
by the Sheriff of Cambridge. It should be mentioned that helms
already, in the King's presence at Castle Hedingham, credit¬
ably passed through “the ordeal of battle ” in a formal tilting-
match with his enemy, Sir Richard Rainham, who disgraces
himself by foul behaviour in the combat. Meanwhile, Clara
becomes lady-in-waiting to the King’s mother, the widow of
the Black Prince, a wise and amiable lady, with whom she
lives at the Wardrobe in Blackfriars, London. She exerts her¬
self successfully to convince the Princess and yonng Richard
of the innocence of Ralph Hardelot; he is released from
prison, but goes to warn the Archbishop of impending danger
from the popular wrath, and is not only contemned, but is n
third time imprisoned at Lambeth. The formidable insur¬
rection. for which the feeble Government in the minority of
Richard II. was utterly unprepared, breaks out in the third
volume. It is narrated with historical fidelity ; the simul¬
taneous well-organised march of the Kentish men and the
Essex men to London : the encampment of Wat Tyler on Black-
heath, while Jack Straw's force encamped on Hampstead-
lieath ; the alarm and confusion prevailing in London, King
Richard's attempt to parley with the leaders on board the
Royal barge at Rotherhitbe, his subsequent interview with
them at Mile-End, the irruption of the mob into the Tower, the
murder of the Archbishop and other high officials, and the scenes
of outrage in the City streets, are described with no exagger¬
ation. It is evidently the author's deliberate opinion that all
these atrocious outrages were perpetrated by the town rabble,
without the assent or knowledge of Wat Tyler and the other
leaders of the rustic host outside the walls of London ; and lie
sympathises with the latter as honest men preferring just and
moderate demands. He also believes yonng King Richard to
have acted in perfect good faith ; but surely it cannot be
supposed that the entire abolition of serfdom, a complete
change in the whole system of feudal law, could be
effected with validity by any King’s mere proclamation.
The final catastrophe, the last day’s meeting at Smith-
field, the killing of Wat Tyler by the Lord Mayor.
Sir William Walworth, and the dispersing of the terrified
peasantry, might have been related with better dramatic
effect. In that concluding scene of turmoil. Ralph Hardelot.
the martyr of loyal and Christian patriotism, falls by the cruel
hand of his old enemy Rainham, bnt his death is instantly
avenged ; and Clara, when she hears of it, dies in a moment of
a broken heart. The author has not written a good romance,
for it is wanting in likelihood and artistic shape. But he has
treated an important passage of real history with much
originality, and with an accurate stndy of the circumstances
known to have existed at the time. It may be advantageously
compared with Mr. C. Edmund Maurice's account, in his
" English Popular Leaders of the Middle Ages.”
SKETCHES IN BORNEO.
The British naval sqnadron on the China station, nnder the
command of Vice-Admiral Sir Nowell Salmon, V.C.. K.C.B.,
was cruising in March last off the coasts of Borneo. That large
island, 850 miles long and 600 miles broad, situated in the
Equatorial region, iu the centre of the Malay Archipelago,
having Sumatra and Java for its neighbours to the west and
south, and the Philippines to the north-east, has not yet been
thoroughly explored. Its northern parts, however, from
Sarawak, where Sir James Brooke, the first “ Rajah Brooke.”
formed an English settlement forty or fifty years ago. when
the Malay pirates were subdued by the aid of Admiral Keppel.
to the small British colony of Labuan, established by our
Government in 1847, and to the north-eastern peninsula, called
Sabah, now occupied by the British North Borneo Company
under their charter of 1881. with the ports and harbours of
Sandakan, Kudat, Gaya Bay. and Ambong Bay—ate tolerably
familiar to our maritime trade. The ruling Malay race in (he
greater portionof this northern region. beiiigMohamniedans.own
the sovereignty of the Sultan of Brunei, whoin ls77agreed. fora
certain pecuniary revenue to be paid yearl v. to grant the terri¬
tories now occupied by the British North Borneo Company, and
this arrangement was ratified by our Government four years
afterwards, together with one of a similar nature which had
been concluded with the Sultan of Sulu, on the eastern coast. The
Dutch Government has formed settlements in the southern
and western parts of Borneo, which are administered iu con¬
nection with Java : but the interior, with its primitive tribes
of natives, called Muruts. Dusuns, or Ida’an, chiefly of the
Dvak race, is pretty much left to itself.
The town of Brunei, where the Sultan resides, is situated
at the head of the Gulf of Labuan, only thirty miles from the
little island of Labuan, with its British official residents and is
regularly visited by steamers from Singapore. The inhabitants
of the town, numbering 12.000, are Malays, with some Dyaks.
and there are no Europeans living there. Our correspondent, the
Rev.O Donnell Ross Lewin, naval chaplain to H.M.S. Audacious
who has favoured us with Sketches of Borneo, describes Brunei
as a town actually built in the water, the houses being erected
on piles. It stands in the estuary of a river, and can lie
approached only by small vessels. The Sultan's palace is
entered by a ladder. The Sultan is a stont old Malay, of a
reddish-brown complexion. He wore a bine jacket, a’veri-
large girdle, with an ornamental creese stuck in it; a sarong
or short gown, and white trousers. His velvet cap was worked
with gold embroidery to resemble a crown. His Prime
Minister attended him. The Admiral was introduced by the
Governor of Labuan, Mr. Hamilton. The English guests
afterwards sat at a long table, and cigars of huge size were
handed to them with very sweet coffee.
Sarawak is now governed by the nephew of the original
Rajah Brooke (Sir James Brooke). It is the most prosperous
State in Borneo, having a revenue in excess of expenditure
It appears to be well and wisely governed, and the Rajah's
soldiers are well drilled. Tho old Malay cannon at Sarawak
are very carious. One is double-barrelled; another has the
figure of a man at the breech, and that of a dog at the
muzzle. On the steep hill-sides the natives use notched tree-
trunks to ascend and descend ; and as some of these are often
broken, and with no supports, walking down becomes rather
risky, as it appears in one of the Sketches.
A three-light window, from the studio of Mr. Taylor, of
Berners-street, has been erected in the church of Furneaux-
Polham. Hertfordshire, with the surplus fund, on the occasion
of the Jubilee of her Majesty.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Out. 13, 1888 —436
I. Lhrllt-botuc at the Entrance to the Sarawak River. 3. A Street in Brunch t. One of Ka|ah Bmnkea Soldlcra at Sarawak.
S. Cowing down a Jungle Path In Borneo. S. The Snltan of Brunei Receiving Vice-Admiral Sir Sowell Salmon and Olllccni of the Squadroll.
SKETCHES IN BORNEO : VISIT OF THE BRITISH NAVAL SQUADRON TO BRUNEI.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
437
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Price in Silver.£6 16 C - Gold .£17 17
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In Pearls. £7 7s. In Brilliants, £25.
In Rubies and Diamonds, £ia
Fine Brilliant Star, forming
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438
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. IS, 1888
ARTS AND CRAFTS EXHIBITION.
It is greatly to be regretted that the managers of this im¬
portant exhibition should have allowed it to be opened pre¬
maturely. In every way. and in the interest of exhibitors
and visitors, a fortnight’s delay would have added to its
attractions without compromising its success. Even now
many vacant spaces arc to be found on the walls, and the
catalogue is in need of careful revision. Moreover, as a first
venture in a new direction it would have been more prudent to
have awaited the return to town of those who set the fashion
even in exhibition-going—and more especially in the case of
an exhibition which appeals almost exclusively to the fashion¬
able and would-be taste dictators of the country.
Having said this much, we willingly pass on to speak in a
very different tone of the contents of the New Gallery, which,
for a brief period, passes under the management of Mr. Walter
Crane. Mr. William Morris, and Mr. Cobden-Sanderson, The
aim proposed by the society of which these gentlemen are the
guiding spirits is to bring into greater prominence the per¬
sonal element ” of our industrial system. In other words, they
wish to show how much of the undoubted advance in taste
and workmanship which modern house-decoration displays is
due to the individual workman : and they believe that a fuller
recognition of the craftsman will tend more than anything to
raise handicrafts to the level of true art. We have no desire
to dispute this hopeful anticipation, but the
first survey of the exhibits on the present
occasion suggests rather a struggle between
two conflicting influences in the designers’
minds, than that harmony between art and
craft which it is the aim of Mr. Walter Crane’s
society to establish. In other words, there is
too patent an effort on the part of the majority
of the artists to produce what they regard as
useful, and an equal effort on the part of the
craftsmen to disguise, under a decorative ex¬
terior, the direct purpose of their work. Designs
for stained glass or mural decorations do not
come under limitations of this sort, and con-
se ]uently the works contributed by Mr. Burne-
Jones, Mr. Holiday. Mr. Ford-Madox Browne,
and Mr. Walter Crane do not suffer from the
conflicting influences. Of the first-named artist
the most important works are the cartoons for
two windows for St. Philip's Church, Birming¬
ham— ‘ The Crucifixion” (181) and “The
Nativity” (173). We place them in this order
because the former work seems to show the
artist at his best, although in the treatment of
the Saviour’s birth he has been able to give
fuller play to fancy and imagination—a group
of angels above guiding the steps of the shep¬
herds to the grotto beneath, where another
group watches over the new-born child. In
the still larger and more complicated work,
“ David's Exhortation to Solomon " (170). the Bhrivdled King
is not a pleasant subject for contemplation ; whilst Solomon is
represented as far too boyish to wield the sceptre and the sword
in a kingdom beset by foes on all sides ; but the group of girls
who stand round the foot of the throne is conceived with Mr.
Burne-Jones’s consummate skill, and arranged with exquisite
grace. Mr. Holiday's designs for the Cavendish Memorial
(1(53 and 164, 167 and 168) are fine renderings of the Passion,
and are as strongly marked by dignity and pathos as the plaster
bas-relief, “Jacob’s Ladder ” (1 (>'>), is by delicacy and refineruen t.
In the same category of successful works we must mention
Mr. Walter Crane's sketches for a painted frieze, illustrating
Longfellow’s story of “The Skeleton in Armour” (11)4), in
which the artist has an admirable opportunity for the display of
his real genius in the invention of imaginary beasts : and Mr.
Selwyn Image's crayon designs for glass windows, “Raphael ”
and “ Michael ” (210), of which the latter shows the greater
power The Century Guild of Artists is represented by some
spirited designs by Mr. B. Creswick, of which the “ Village
Smith” (193) series is perhaps the most characteristic ; but
without knowing whether these casts in high - relief are
intended for indoor or outdoor ornament, it is difficult
to say how far they are adaptable to our climate.
Amongst the other objects of interest in the North
Gallery—to which we confine our remarks on the present
occasion—is a “ Cassone in Gesso ’’ (229), with a design by Mr.
Burne-Jones, “ The Garden of theHesperides.” This chest, which
is made after the Italian fashion of the sixteenth century, is
ablazo with gold, and bears on its surface in low relief a long¬
necked hideous monster twining ronnd the mystic tree, and
taking food from a bowl which a very modern-looking, self-
possessed young lady holds in her hands. In Mr. Spencer
Stanhope’s Hanging Cupboard ” (230) the colours are even
more brilliant, and the contrast of the blue dresses of the
girls with the green foliage above them is somewhat startling.
In much more refined style are Mr. Walter Crane's frieze
panel “St. George and the Dragon” (239), Mr. Hey wood
Sumner’s painted Gesso panel “Judith” (243), and Miss
Faulkner’s piano of green-stained wood, decorated in Gesso with
gold and silver arabesques—Gesso, it may be explained, is com¬
posed of plaster of Paris, glue, and cotton wool, and is admirably
suited for decorations in relief, whether in colour or gilded.
In our next notice we shall refer to the metal and glass
work, the pottery, and the bookbinding, and to various textiles,
of which there is a very remarkable display Meanwhile, we
cordially echo the regrets expressed by Mr. Walter Crane in his
admirable preface to the catalogue, that a large number of the
manufacturers of artistic products have refused to take part
in the present exhibition in consequence of the conditii i
imposed by the society that the name of the responsible
designer or artificer should l»e furnished, in order that the
credit due to him should be fairly and fully recognised.
ST. DUNSTAN’S COLLEGE, CATFORD.
Under the scheme approved by the Charity Commissioners,
part of the funds belonging to the parish authorities of St.
Dunstan-in-the-East, in the City of London, were directed to
be applied to founding a school for the education of 400 boj'S.
The appointed Governors of this school are Alderman and
Sheriff Gray: Mr. A. J. Capel ; the Rev. J. L. Ross, Rector of
the parish ; Sir Reginald Hanson : Sir Owen Roberts ; the Hon.
and Rev. Augustus Legge and the Rev. R. Rhodes Bristow, of
Lewisham ; and Messrs. R. B. Portal. W. Marten Smith, W. J.
Thompson, F. H. Mitchell. G. C. Edwards, H. Spicer, and W. R.
Portal, gentlemen connected with the parish of St. Dnnstan.
A large and well-arranged group of buildings, with school¬
rooms, dormitories, masters’ residences, and chapel, has been
erected at Catford-bridge, adjacent to Lewisham, in one of the
most improving and prosperous suburban districts of Kent.
The architect is Mr. E. N. Clifton, of 7, East India-avenue,
City. We present a View of these buildings, which were
formally opened by Sir Henry Roscoe, M.P., assisted by Mr.
Alderman and Sheriff Gray, and the other Governors, on
Monday, Oct. 1, in the presence of the Bishop of Rochester ; the
Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University : Sir George Young,
Charity Commissioner; and the Master of the Clotinvorkers’
Company. This college will accommodate sixty boarders and
above three hundred day-scholars ; the whole will be under the
head master, Mr. C. M. Stuart, M.A. (non-resident) ; two house
masters (resident), Mr. R. P. Roscveare and Mr. H. A. I\
Sawyer; and Messrs. Allpress and Pugh (assistants). It will
provide a modern education suitable for boys entering upon
commercial, technical, and professional pursuits, special atten¬
tion being paid to natural science, modern languages, and
drawing. The college has been fitted with laboratories and
workshops, arranged with the latest approved appliances, and
twelve acres of ground have been laid out for school games.
Under the title of “ The Emperor's Diary,” Messrs. Routledgo
and Sons publish in a shilling volume the diary attributed to
the late Emperor Frederick, concerning which there has been
so much discussion. Prince Bismarck's memorandum in regard
to it is also given.
During the quarter ending Sept. 30, as appears from Lloyd's
returns, there was an immense increase in the number and
tonnage of vessels in coarse of construction in the shipbuild¬
ing yards of this kingdom. The comparison is favourable
whether applied to the immediately preceding quarter or to
the corresponding period of last year.
Information has been received in Newcastle that the Wiggins
Expedition that went out from the Tyne in July last, with a
view of opening up a trade between this country and Siberia,
has been a failure. The Labrador reached Vardoe early in
August and proceeded on her journey through the Kara Sea.
This year there has been an unusual quantity of ice in the
straits ; and a telegram, dated Oct. 3. states that the Labrador
has returned to Vardoe, without having reached Yenesei,
bringing with her four shipwrecked crews from the Kara Sea.
THE COURT.
On the morning of Oct. 5 the Queen drove out, accompanied
by Princess Alice of Hesse. Her Majesty again drove
out in the afternoon, accompanied by Princess Alice of
Hesse and attended by the Hon. Evelyn Moore. Lord
Rowton arrived at the castle, and, with Visconnt Cross,
had the honour of being invited to dine with the Queen
and the Royal family. In the evening the Queen, with the
Princess of Wales and the Duchess of Albany, witnessed a
representation of tableaux vivants, in which Prince and
Princess Henry of Batbenberg, Prince Albert Victor and Prin¬
cesses Lonise, Victoria, and Maud of Wales, Princess Frederica.
Baroness von Pawel Rammingen, Princess Alice of Hesse, Prin
cess Margaret and Prince Arthur of Connaught, together wit/
members of the Royal household and other ladies and gentle
men, took part. The following had the honour of being
invited :—Sir Algernon and Lady Borthwick. Sir Dighton and
Lady Probyn. Lady and Miss Cochrane, Miss Knollys, Fraulein
Von Riedel, Miss Trotter, the Earl of Fife (who was unavoid¬
ably prevented from coming), the Rev. Archibald and Mrs.
Campbell, Madame Albani-Gye and Mr. Gye, Mr. and Mrs.
Allan Mackenzie, Mdlle. La Jeunesse, Viscount Cross, Lord
Rowton, Sir Robert Collins, and Mr. Walter Campbell. The
Queen went out on the morning of the 6th, attended by the
Dowager Marchioness of Ely ; and in the afternoon her
Majesty drove out, attended by Lady Ampthill.
Prince Albert Victor and Princesses Louise,
I Victoria, and Maud of Wales lunched with the
Queen and the Ro3’al family. The Duchess of
Albany dined with her Majesty. Fraulein Von
Riedel, Visconnt Cross, and Lord Rowton had
the honour of being invited. In the evening,
the Queen, with the Princess of Wales and the
Duchess of Albany, witnessed a continuation of
the tableaux vivants, in which the same members
of the Royal family, members of the Royal
household, and other ladies and gentlemen, took
part. The following had the honour of being
invited:—Sir Algernon and Lady Borthwick,
Sir Dighton and Lady Probyn, Lady and Miss
Cochrane, Miss Knollys, Fraulein Von Riedel,
Miss Trotter, the Earl of Fife, the Rev. Archi¬
bald and Mrs. Campell, Colonel and Mrs. Russell,
Madame Albani-Gye and Mr. Gye, Mr. and Mrs.
Allan Mackenzie, Mdlle. La Jeunesse, Visconnt
Cross, Lord Rowton, Sir Robert Collins, the
Rev. Professor Story, D.D., and Mr. Walter
Campbell. On both evenings the music was
furnished by Mr. M‘Farland'8 band from the
Aberdeen Theatre, and by Mr. Adlington. The
servants, tenants, and gillies of the Queen's
Balmoral, Abergeldie, and Birkhall estates were
present on each occasion. Divine service was
performed on Sunday morning, the 7th, in the
presence of the Queen, the Royal family,
and the Royal household. The Rev. Professor Story,
D.D., of the Glasgow University, one of her Majesty’s
chaplains, officiated. The Princess of Wale9, Prince Albert
Victor, and Princesses Lonise, Victoria, and Maude of
Wales, attended by Sir Dighton Probyn and Miss Knollys.
drove over from Abergeldie and attended. In the afternoon
the Queen drove out, accompanied by Princess Beatrice, and
attended by Lady Ampthill, and visited Princess Frederica at
Abergeldie Mains. Viscount Cross, Lord Rowton. and the
Rev. Dr. Story had the honour of dining with the Queen and
the Royal family. The Queen went out on Monday morning,
the 8th, attended by the Dowager Marchioness of Ely ; and in
the afternoon her Majesty, accompanied by Princess Alice of
Hesse, drove to the Glassalt Shiel. Captain Arthur W. Moore,
R.N., had the honour of being received by the Queen. Princess
Frederica and Baron von Pawel Rammingen dined with the
Queen and the Royal family ; and Viscount Cross and Lord
Rowton had the honour of being invited.
The Prince of Wales met with a magnificent reception at
Bucharest on Oct. 4, the whole town being ni fete. King
Charles welcomed his Royal Highness in the most cordial
manner, and conducted him to the palace. At the Castle of
Pelesh the Queen of Roumania organised a series of brilliant
fetes in honour of the Prince’s visit. The Prince of Wales has
been disappointed in his hunting expedition, the dry weather
having caused the bears to retreat to the upper recesses of the
mountains.
The Duchess of Edinburgh arrived at Rome on Oct. 7 with
her children, and was received at the railway station by Baron
Mayendorff and Mr. Kennedy, the Charges d'Affaires to Russia
and England respectively.
Mr. J. H. A. Macdonald, the Lord Advocate, has received
the appointment of Lord Justice Clerk, in succession to Lord
Moncrieff; and it is announced that Mr. J. P. B. Robertson,
the present Solicitor-General, will succeed Mr. Macdonald.
On Oct. 8 the President (the Marquis of Bristol) and
Council of the British Dairy Farmers’ Association entertained
about one hundred gentlemen at the Freemasons’ Tavern, in
connection with the thirteenth annual Dairy Show. The chair
was filled by Mr. Walter S. B. McLaren, M.P.
ST. DUNSTAN’S COLLEGE, CATFORD-BRIDGE, LEWISHAM.
“T)Y a thorough knowledge of the natural laws which govern the operations of digestion
-FI and nutrition, and by a careful application of the tine properties of well-selected Cocoa,
Mr. Epps has provided our breakfast tables with a delicately-flavoured beverage which may save
us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the judicious use of such articles of diet that
EPPS’S (£3iSgSSa) COCOA
a constitution may he gradually built up until strong enough to resist every tendency to disease.
Hundreds of subtle maladies are floating around us ready to attack wherever there is a weak
point We may escape many a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure blood
and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service Gazette.
439
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
COPIES OF THE ABOVE PICTURE. SUITABLE FOR FRAMING, MAY BE IIAI) GRATIS AND POST-FREE BY SENDING ADDRESS TO ELLIMAN, SONS, & CO., SLOUGH, ENGLAND.
440
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 13. 1888
MUSIC.
Symptoms of reviving innsical activity arc now appearing ;
among the mast important being the resumption of the
Crystal Palace Saturday afternoon concerts, which enter on
their thirty-third series on Oct. 13. A performance of
• Carmen ' 1 by Mr. Augustus Harris’s Royal Italian Opera
Company, was given at the Crystal Palace on Saturday after¬
noon, Oct IS, when Mdlle. Holla sustained the title-character
with much success. Signor D’Andrade as the Toreador, and
Madame Unuermeister, Signori Runcio, De Vaschetti, and
Ciarnpi, and others contributed to the general effect; sudden
changes in other portions of the cast having been made in
consequence of the indisposition of Madamo Trebelli and Miss
Mocintyre.
The performances of the Russian National Opera Company
at the Royal Albert Hall—to which wc have previously drawn
attention—began on Oct. 8. The vocal performers (the
choristers habited in picturesque national costume) gave a
selection which was not exclusively Russian : having, however,
included selections from Glinka's opera, “ Life for the Czar,”
which has been given in an Italian version at our Covent-
Garden opera-house. Other Russian pieces were comprised in
the programme, which, however, was of a somewhat mixed
character. In addition to choral music, solos were effectively
sung by Madamo Olga Pouskowa, and MM. Yinogradoff and
Lu biraoff. Resides the band, twenty-four pianofortes were
employed, played on by forty-eight young ladies, who
executed two pieces. The performances were ably con¬
ducted by Mr. J. Traffi. The well-trained company has re¬
cently been heard to greater advantage in stage representations
in some of our provincial towns, and it is to be regretted that
their London appearances should not be made under similar
theatrical surroundings. The last concert was announced for
Oct. 13.
Madame De Liana (pianist) gave a concert atTrince’s Hall
on Oct. 8, with an interesting programme, including her own
performances in concerted and solo pieces ; and other features.
The inaugural address of the new session of Trinity College,
London, was announced to be delivered by the Rev. H. G.
Bonavia Hunt, on Oct, 9, the same date having been fixed for
the students' concert.
We have previously drawn attention to the arrangements
made for the one day’s festival at Hanley,on Oct. 11, conducted
by Dr. C. Swinnerton Heap, of Birmingham.
The recurrence of the Bristol Triennial Festival (the sixth
occasion) will take place on Oct. IG and three following days.
The programme does not offer any absolute novelty, bat
several grand works of permanent interest will be given, all the
performances taking place in the Colston Hall. The first
morning (the Tuesday) will be devoted to ** Elijah,” the
evening concert of the same date including a selection
from Gluck's “Ipbigenie en Tauride,” Schumann’s Piano¬
forte Concerto in A minor, and other items. On the
following morning. Cherubini’s fourth mass (in C) and Dr.
Mackenzie’s dramatic cantata “The Rose of Sharon” will be
given, Berlioz’s “Romeo and Juliet” symphony, and a mis¬
cellaneous selection being included in the programme of the
evening concert. The morning of Oct. 18 will be appropriated
to Sir Arthur Sullivan’s dramatic cantata “The Golden
Legend,” and Mendelssohn’s “ Walpurgis-Night” music; the
following evening's concert including Beethoven's pastoral
symphony, other orchestral works, pianoforte solos, and vocal
pieces. The festival will terminate on Friday morning,
Oct. 19, with a performance of "The Messiah.” The orchestra
will be the fine band organised by Sir Charles Hall<$, who will
be the conductor and pianist. The original list of solo vocalists
comprised the names of Madamo Albani, Miss Anna Williams,
Mesdames Patey, Trebelli, and Belle Cole, Mr. E. Lloyd, Mr. 0.
Banks, Mr. Santley, Mr. W. Mills, and Mr. M. Worlock : but it
is feared that illness will prevent Madame Trebelli from
appearing.
Mr. William Carter will begin a new series of eight
concerts at the Royal Albert Hall on Oct. 31; the co-operation
of his well-trained choir being again an important feature.
Mr. Freeman Thomas's Promenade Concerts at Covent-Gardcn
Theatre will close (with his benefit) on Oct. 15, after an
especially successful season ; a result fully merited by the
general excellence of the performances, and the varied
attractions of the programmes.
The eighteenth season of the Royal Albert Hall Choral
Society, conducted by Mr. Barnby, will open on Nov. 7 under
its altered title of the "Royal Choral Society.” The opening
performances will consist of Mozart's “ Requiem” and Rossini’s
" Stabat Mater.” Two more concerts will be given this year—
on Nov. *28 and Dec. 15—and the remaining seven on Jan. 1
and 16, Feb. 2 and 20, March (> and 30, and April 19. Some of
our most eminent solo vocalists are engaged, and a band and
chorus of about a thousand performers will give effect to
works by past and present masters, among these being Mr.
Cowen’s oratorio, “ Ruth " ; an oratorio entitled “ Lucifer,” by
M. Benoit; and Signor Maneinelli’s “Isaias.” Mr. W. Hodge
has been appointed organist on the retirement of Sir John
Stainer.
The Monday Popular Concerts will open their thirty-first
season on Nov. 12.
Those excellent orchestral performances, the London
.Symphony Concei ts at St. James's Hall, will be resumed with
the first concert of a new scries, on Nov. 20, conducted by Mr.
Ilcnschel, as before.
A new series of Ballad Concerts will begin towards the
latter end of November.
Another important accession to London music will be the
renewal of Novello’s Oratorio Concerts, which will begin their
new season, at St. James's Hall, on Dec. 6 (conducted, as before,
by Dr. Mackenzie), with Dr. Parry’s “ Judith.” Engagements
have been made with several eminent solo vocalists.
Among the suburban musical institutions that are preparing
for renewed activity, the Finsbury Choral Association (con¬
ducted by Mr. C. J. Dale) will open its tenth season with the
first of four concerts, on Nov. 22 ; and the Highbury Phil¬
harmonic Society (conducted by Mr. G. H. Betjemann) will
begin its eleventh season on Nov. 26.—The South London
Choral Association has issued the prospectus of its twenty-
first season. Classes for instruction in various branches
of music and public concerts are included in the scheme;
Mr. L. C. Venables being principal of the educational
department and conductor of the performances. Among the
works to be given, this year and next, are Mr. Gaul’s “ Ruth”
and a selection of part-songs; Sir John Stainer's “ St. Mary
Magdalen”; Gadc's cantata “The Crusaders”; Handel’s
“Messiah” (a Christmas performance on Dec. 21), “Israel
in Egypt;” and at St. James's Hall on Good Friday
Rossini’s “ Stabat Mater,” and a selection from oratorios._
Eastern London will be well supplied with mnsical perform¬
ances by the Borough of Hackney Choral Association, con¬
ducted by Mr. E. Prout, and the Bow and Bromley Institute.
The first-named institution will give four concerts (beginning
on Nov. 19) in the Shoreditch Townhall, where Handel’s
“Joshua,” Haydn's “Seasons,” Mendelssohn's “St. Paul,”
Brahms's “German Requiem,” and Schubert’s “Rosamunde”
music will be given during the series : tlie scheme of the other
association including Haydn’s “Creation,” miscellaneous con¬
certs, and organ recitals.
Among forthcoming provincial arrangements the Black-
bnrn Philharmonic Society announces three conceits, le¬
ginning on Nov. 7 ; when Sir Arthur .Sullivan's dramatic cantata
“The Golden Legend” will be performed; and the Bourne¬
mouth Philharmonic Society will give an afternoon and an
evening performance of Dr. Mackenzie's oratorio “ The Rose
of Sharon ” on Nov. 21.
Provincial tours will he made by Mr. Santley and Mr. and
Mrs. Hcnschel daring October and November; pianoforte
recitals by Madame Essipoff in November ; and performances
by the Heckmann quartet party, in November and December,
being arranged for.
Professor John Ella (who died recently aged nearly oighty-
six) began his musical career, when very young, as a violinist
at the opera-house in the ITaynmrket, then called the King's
Theatre. He became widely known as founder and director of
the Mnsical Union, which for many years furnished instru¬
mental performances of a very high class, in which many of
the most distinguished artists were first heard iu this country.
Professor Ella was also known as a lecturer on music, was a
member of several mnsical societies, and had the personal
acquaintance erf some of the most eminent composers and
performers of his time.
The movement to collect funds for the erection of a
memorial in the new cemetery at Evere, Brussels, over the
remains of the officers and men who fell in the Waterloo
Campaign has resulted in the collection of £2400. of which
the Government have contributed £500. The fund is closed.
The first meeting of the council of the Sanitary Institute,
which has recently been incorporated, was held at the Parkes
Museum on Oct. 5. Sir Douglas Galton was unanimously
appointed chairman of the council, and Mr. G. J. Symons the
registrar. The institute is founded to carry on the objects of
the Amalgamated Sanitary Institute of Great Britain and the
Parkes Museum, and it was decided to hold the institute’s first
examination for local survej’ors and inspectors of nuisances on
Nov. 8 and 9. A programme of lectures for the winter session
is in course of preparation. A letter was read from the Charity
Commissioners saying that they considered that the new
institute was likely to prove a powerful means for thediffusion
of sanitary knowledge, and promising to grant facilities to the
institute to deliver lectures in the various buildings which the
Commissioners proposed to establish in different parts of London.
D R
PAST-CHAIRS—HAMPTON and SONS’ SHELL CHAIR
XJ (AS 1LLUSTRATEDi,registered, in Sateen, from £3 15s.
Easy-Cbair*. from 37*. <W. Sofa* ami Couches, from 7<m.
Can!. Centre. Writing. Occasional, and Coffee Tables In great rariety.
TWING-ROOM and LIBRARY FURNITURE.
I J sideboard*, new designs. from £6 15*. Easy-Cliaim, in Morocco (AS ILLUft-
TRATKD), jC.'i lo-._ Heading Arm. and Slope,JITn. Od. pwinK-Clmir*
from Wninn-TaMc*.
ITAMPTON and SONS invite an inspects
XI Stork of scr . .^. --
i, from aw.
_ P of their New
stork of SORB BN® for this season, which are not only an exceedingly flno
men*, hut are cheaper oven than hut season, especially Japanese Screens.
ilEENS. —4-fold Japanese, hand-painted on paper, with
- cloth MDh.lfk. 4-FptD GOLD BM-
IRl) JAl'AN'BSK 8CHRKN8 (AS JLI.t'STIl
cloth )«ck«, &fU
of rich *ilk and void
high,
duality
roldered Screens
ID. on Mack sf
; and li
richer
and colouring*, from o*. to £SX
GCREENS.—New high relief leather paper 4-fold Screens.
as illustrated, sunk panels, brocaded borders, and decorated cloth backs.
Oft. high, from »*.
JAPANESE CABINETS, carved sh tan wood, rich gold-
lacquered decoration, inlaid carved ivory and pearl in relief. Several very
fine specimens, from £11 10 s.
f\LD CHINESE BLUE and WHITE WARE.—Very rare
\ J old specimens, at exceptionally low prices. Tnitan Ware.-A new shipment
of this novel decorative ware, in rich blended colourings and new forms.
A rtistic standard adjustable lamps, new
and special designs, with improved self-extinguishing hurners. A splendid
assortment in wrotight-iron and copper, brass and copper, and all polished brass,
from 65a, 07s. 6d.,fiSa6d., A8 ILLUSTRATED, in great vnnety, to £». ’
Table and Suspension Lamp*, fitted with all the latest improvements. A choice
selection of Lace Lamp-Shades, in newest design* and shapes, from 6a. fid.
"RLACK a BRASS FENDERS & SET of IRONS, from 10s. 6d.
* f Brass Fenders and Set Fire Brasses, from 25*.
Wro^^lron C^urbs^for Resta, and Sets of irons, from 75s.
Coal-Scuttles, Japanned, art colours', from is. 9d.
HAMPTON A SONS, Pall-mall East, Charing-cross, London, S.W.
AMPTON and SONS’ BED-ROOM FURNITURE.
■yyillTE ENAMELLED SUITES from 3i Guineas to
nvel-rail, and chairs. £& las. 6d.
J ARGE BED-ROOM SUITES, in new woods, with G ft.
wardrolic with bevelled-edgo, silverod plate-glass to centre door, from £ 17 id*.
JRON FRENCH BEDSTEADS, fitted with double wire-woven
spring mattresses, wool mattress, bolster, and feather pillow, 30s. 6d.
TOR ASS FRENCH BEDSTEADS, fitted with double wire-
U woven spring mattress, hair mattress, feather bolster, and pillow, wo*.
"[JEDDING, manufactured on the premises from the purest
-1-X materials, at tho lowest possible prices. Bedding purified and remade.
Works: 43, Belvedere-road.
OCT. 13, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
441
new music.
P EPITA, at TOOLE'S THEATRE.
j„„t produced with euormou* success, after a run of
monistic* in ilia provinces.
OEPITA. LECOCQ S POPULAR OPERA.
■** pianoforte Score,'3s. iipt.
.. • Ponira’ isa big surccd* ; and people who wish to hear tmie-
f„l iniilie, replete with humoron- and dramatic effects, ought
«... tiia.ii i o."—Standard.
j Visit Toolo’s Theatre."—Standard.
DEPITA WALTZ and LANCERS.
L Arranged by BUCALOSSI. 2s. net.
[XEPITA QUADRILLE.
[ Arranged by CHARLES COOTS. 2s.net.
CnAPPKLf. and Co„ SO. New Bond-street.
/CHAPPELL and CO.’S PIANOFORTES,
1/ HARMONIUMS, and AMERICAN ORGANS, for Hire,
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piIAPPELL and CO.’S NEW ORGAN
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OELLE ETOILE VALSE.
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T>ELLE ETOILE VALSE. By Bonheur.
I> Played l.y all the finest Bands
I
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Price as. net.
A POMPADOLTR. A Court Dance.
I By BOGGETTL
"Suggestive of the stately minnet.*’
W.
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M ,e " ,atic 1°^ 116 o^Songs, Duets,Pianoforte Music,
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gHE WALKS IN BEAUTY. Hope Temple.
SHE WALKA^Ijt ^EA L’TY. 1 ®'HOPE TEMPLE.
THE LIFTED VEIL. “ J.’ Barnby.
-*■ Popular Song.
_ . Words by F. E. Weatherly.
Published in two keys, E flat and G.
YOU ASK ME WHY I LOVE.
j- New Snn s hr LAWRENCE KELLIE.
YOU ASK ME WHY 1 LOVE.
In F, Compass C to G.
T OVE. Theo Marzials.
New Duet.
LOVE. THEO MARZIALS.
Published in two keys, F aud G.
JJOSE QUEEN WALTZ. A. G. Crowe.
Performed at lh?ProS"de Concert..
F “rl! " ct v " cal Plrt '» r Children.
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Wbecler a 81>cclaI Cover ' with a drawing l.y E. J. j
M ETZLER’S RED ALBUM No. 1. i
a orrvt, CONTAINING NINE SONGS.
THi? wy l niw'stWG " ■' A.,luringTThomas. |
THE VICAR’S DAUGHTER ” ....
A DREAM OF HE-
SUNSHINE FAIR
A DOW ONLY
•V r.KT DHEAMI.J
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. Henry S
THE WILLOW
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A DREAM OK HEAVEN
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A During the long-continued depression in trade, many of
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have bought out for cash, oti most exceptional terms, an
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H^ABLE LINENS.—The cases are now being
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whiclL be mg purc^
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rpABLE LINENS.
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r PABLE LINENS.—Amongst the stocks are
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XT A CONTAINING EIGHT SONGS.
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IMPROVED SPECTACLES, scientifically
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INVENTIONS KXHiniTION, 1885.
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A7 rort bile.
£21 BROADWOOD GRAND.—Full Grand
wen at rmr» rl . su 1 ta 1110 a Choral Society. Should bo
Daeknyi fCatalogues free; and all Pianos
^assiSE .°srw s «*•*«»«**
pOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
yj FOR INDIGESTION.
£ 2 ?nc 2 ^m^P'“^ W<>0d Cotta ^ e Piano,
■ftinci" St * 1*“* fr /""’ ivor Y keys, metallic plate,
«rwt PurToSaUi it **** Dcscn i ltive ^i*u free of tho
TnoSIAsOra.tlANN ana CO.'S, S7, Bakcr-.trcel, London, tv.
POCKLES ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR HEARTBURN.
£ 4 r,aum G ^ A - XD (costdouble). Genuine.
■lirongiom I ’ l *"'> r orio. ocla've., triclionl
nimat tuomas OET7.ilANN and CO.’S, Baior-Airemt, tv.
I ) A 0 oi M 1 'U X o and C0 -’ s PIANOS AND
lv.rloVu tonSw^ S^.f^'^rdocoa^d.-At.solule Sal.
E “'
SKt’iiKlSsliS JiSiSSISSSSSBISSt
A inert can ()r g'iiig'*r, v S 8,45 guineas.
HUTCH BULBS.
A~r DIRECT FROM THE GROWERS.
A NT. ROOZEN and SON,
II NURSERYMEN,
OVERVEEN. NEAR HAARLEM, HOLLAND.
Intending purchasers of Dutch Bulbs arc invited to read
Aut. Koozen and Son's Catalogue lor l«8H. and see the large
saving effected by dealing direct with the Grower. The Cata¬
logue. containing details of their Immense Collection of Now,
Rare, and Fine Bulbs and Plants, and particulars a* to Free
Delivery, will he sent, post-free, on application to them or to
their Agent*. MBRTBN8 and CO.,3, Cross-lane, London, E.C.
A DVICE TO MOTHERS.—Are you broken
-TX- in your rest hy a sick child, suffering with the pain of
cutting teeth ? Go at once to a chemist and get a bottle of
Mrs. WINSLOW’S SOOTHING SYRUP. It will relieve the
M U p 8 rHs in 1KJXES ~ 3Iessr «- NICOLE
CHANGEABLE MtU l toA [ T H1> ^nv n PERFECT INTEIt-
Maunfart J T J r * S .?^. L COX, n ( which they are Hie Side
Writ, “■ K '‘- ^
poor sufferer immediately ; it is perfectly harm loss; it pro¬
duce* natural, quiet sleep by relieving the child from pain ;
and tho little cherub awakes *' as bright a* a button." Be sure
and ask for Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup, and see that
“Curtis and Perkin*, New York anil London," is on the outside
wmnjier. No mot her should be without it. Bold by all Medicine
Dealers, at is. l|d.
. piles upon piles of DAMASK NAPKINS, as follows:
I Fish Napkins, from 2 s. 2 d. i*er dozen-, Breakfast ditto, from
I -is. 8d. per dozen ; Dinner Nankins, all fine flax, from os. lid.
per dozen ; extra large French size, Os. lid. per dozen. These
goods will be found of remarkably good value, and are sure to
please in use.
j^HEETINGS.
gHEETINGS.
I CHEETINGS.
O MAPLE and CO.’S Stock of pure-flnUh and hand-made
I Irish, Scotch, and Barnsley LINEN SHEETINGS, as well as
I plain mid twilled COTTON SHEETINGS, is now completely
assorted, and prices arc ruling unusually low. Housekeepers
would therefore do well to replenish their stores. Patterns
I free. A special quality Cotton Sheets, very strong, at 6s. ed.
per pair.
J-JOUSEHOLD LINENS.
JJOUSEHOLD LINENS.
T INENS.—A Complete Set for £8 13s. 9d.,
Al c insisting of Blankets,guilts, Table Linen. Sheets, Ac.,
suitable f >r a house of eight rooms.—MAPLE and CO.,
London, Paris, aud Smyrna.
T INENS.—A Complete Set for £17 3s.,
mutable for a house of ten rooms. See special
Catalogue, -MAPLE and CO., Tuttcnham-court-road.
L
Calalogi
MAPLE & CO.
TyjAPLE and CO.—OIL PAINTINGS.
jyjAPLE and CO—WATER COLOURS.
QIL PAINTINGS by Known ARTISTS.
QIL PAINTINGS by Rising ARTISTS.
■^TATER COLOURS by Known ARTISTS.
■yyATER COLOURS by Rising ARTISTS.
"Vf APLE and CO.—Oil Paintings and Water
i-TX colours by Known and Rising Artists. These are now
displayed in one of the numerous galleries, and are offered at
purely commercial profits. An inspection is solicited. AH
gmuU marked in plain figures, a system as established fifty
lyjAPLE and CO.—English Chime CLOCKS.
j^JAPLE and CO.—Dining-room CLOCKS.
jyjAPLE and CO.—Drawing-room CLOCKS.
The Largest and best Collection in the Kingdom. Clocks in
specially-designed Cases. s. d.
A handsome Marble Timepiece,with gilt incised lines .. 22 6
A very handsome Marble Timepiece, with marble
An Elegant t'lock^wit h glass shade, to go 400 day# .. 70 0
A Real Bronze Gilt Clock, with mercury pendulum ..WO
' More than lftno to select from, at prices from 5s. to 100
guineas. No such display in the world. Most suitable for
Complimentary. Wedding, and Birthday Presents. The largest
Assortment in England. Many of the Clocks on show are very
beautiful.and suitable for presentation. All are guaranteed.
An inspection invited.
COMPLIMENTARY PRESENTS.
^TEDDING PRESENTS.
EXPRESS DAY SERVICE—Ever} Weekday as u'udcr:—
London Bridge
Victoria Station. Station. Paris.
Dep.
Tueadag,
i« a> „
This Express Day Service will continue lunatng up to and
including Tuesday, Oct. 10 only.
NIGHT SERVICE.—Leaving Victoria 7A0 p.tu., and London
Bridge H p.ra. every Week-day and Sunday.
FARES:—London to Paris and liack—1st Class, 2nd Class.
Available for Return within one month .. £2 17s. . £2 18.
Third Class Return Tickets (by the Night Service). 32s.
The Brittany, Normandy, Paris, and llouen. splendid fast
paddle-steamers, accomplish the passage between Newhatcn
and Dieppe frequently in about 34 hours.
Trains run alongside Steamers at Xcwhavon and Dieppe.
L-OR full particulars, see Bills, to be obtained
X at Victoria, London Bridge, or any other Station, and
at the following Branch Offices, where Tickets may also be
obtained West-End General Offices, 28 , Regent-circus, Picca¬
dilly, aud 8. Grand Hotel Buildings, Trafalgar-suuare; Hay s
Agency, Cornhill; and Cook’s Ludgiilo-circus Office.
(By Order) A. Sabi,b. Secretary and General Manager.
RRIST0L SIXTH TRIENNIAL MUSICAL
AJ FESTIVAL.
OCT. 16, 17, 16, IB, lWL
Patron—Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen.
President—H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh, K.G.
COLSTON HALL. OCT. 16, 17, 16, 1»,
FOUR MORNING CONCERTS.
ELIJAH—Mendelssohn.
ROSE OF SHARON-Mackenzio,
FOURTH 31 ASS—Cherubini.
GOLDEN LEGEND—Sir A. Sullivan.
WALPURGIS NIGHT—Mendelssohn.
MESSIAH—Handel.
THREE EVENING CONCERTS,
Including Act 1 IPHIGKNIA IN TAURIS-Gluck; Piano¬
forte Concerto A minor—Schumann; Two Legende*, No*. 9
and 10 . Op. 55—Dvorak; ROMEO AND JULIET, Dramatic
Symphony — BERLIOZ; Overture, “ Euryanthe ’’ — Wotior;
Ballet Music from " Polyeucte"-Gounod ; F’ostoralvSj niidiony—
Beethoven : "Traume" (Study for Orchestra)- Wagner;
Introduction aud Closing Scene from “ Tristan urul Isolde"—
AVngner " ; “ Lustepiel Overture"—Smetana; Orchestral Suite
in D—Dvorak ; auciYocal Selections, &c.
Ma.laine ALBAN I.
Miss ANNA WILLIAMS. MADAME PATEY.
Madame TREBELLI.
Madame BELLE COLE. Mr. CHARLES BANKS.
Mr. EDWARD LLOYD.
Mr. WATK1N MILLS. Mr. MONTAGUE WORLOCK.
Mr. 8ANTLEY.
Sir CHARLES HALLE’S HAND of «5 PERFOR3IKRB.
Choruv—The Bristol Festival Choir <3rf) Voices).
Conductor-Sir CHARLES HALLE.
All applications for Tickets should lie accompanied by a
renuniu&uce ; cheques. &c., mado payable to Sir Gsonog W.
Edwabdm, Treasurer.
Detailed Programmes, with Special Railway Arrangements,
now ready at the Ticket-Office, Colston Hall, Bristol.
Henry Cooke, Hon. Sec.
M o N
E CAB
..yMYU DTP^PT.
stay, Monte Carlo, adjacent to Monaco, if
charming, and interesting of spots o
—....a-cuost. The Principality has a tropical
veizediti'm, i.q t In: siin.uior lo-iil is alu.i.v.- lempm-d lo l lie
>iuUe, and
a-breezea. The beach is covered with the softest s.
rs the same amiisciiients ns the
There is. perlinps.no town in the world that can comjvaro in
the beauty of its position with Monte Carlo,or in its special
fascinat ions and attractions— not only by t lie favoured climate
aii'l In the no 1 1 hilt -••••iieiy, but a:-. b> Mir lacilii ie« ..f every
kind for relief m cases of illness or disease, or for the
restoration <»f health.
As a WINTER RESORT, Monaco occupies the first place
among the winter stations on the 3Iediterranean sea-border,
on account of its climate, its numerous Hiiractions, aud the
elegant pleasures it has to offer 10 us guests, which make
a * ’ ' • - - • - mtic world, the sjmt
ik-; in short, Monaco
l to-day the rendezvous of tl
only thirty-two hours from Loudon and forty minutes from
OT. GOTHARD RAILWAY,
SWITZliRDXND.
Tho most direct, rapid, picturesque,and delightful route to
Italy, Express from Lucerne to 3!iinn in eight hours.
Excursions to the Rigi by Aiountnin Railway, from Arth
r P HE HIGHLANDS OF BRAZIL
SANATORIUM, in one of the finest all-ihe-year-ronml
climates known. Inland, bracing, ?3noft. above sea-level,
just within tlic Souilicrn Teniiierate Zone; good gumtuer
Circular, with further imrticulare, from
\j 11 .%U 1 .an •? ji, 1 ,(am Joxkh, Esq., 39, Drury-buildtngs. Liver¬
pool ; or Arthuu E. Jonks. The Sanatormni, S. Paulo. Brazil,
A IX-LES-BAINS.—Grand Hotel Europe.
One of the most renowned aud best conducted in Europe.
Patronised by Royal Family. 300 sunny chambers. Refined
table. Large garden*; lawn-teame.—B rusascok, Proprietor.
TVIEPPE.— Hotel Royal, facing the sea.
4' Superior first-dag* house, worthily reconun ended.
Nearest the sea. the casino, and bathing csdiblislinient. Table
d’hdte. Open all the year. Laukonnkux, Propr.
T U C E R N E.— Hotels Sehweizerhof and
AA Lucernerhof, An extra floor and two new lifts added
WINTER RESIDENCE in the ENGADINE.
▼ ▼ The Mnloja Kursaal (Gooo ft. above sea-level), open for
the whole Winter. New ice rink and sun gallery, Milanese
skating, tobogganing, and sleighing.
..a" (Churchill).
jyjAPLE and CO-BRONZES.
■\/f APLE and CO.-BRONZES.
A magnificent show of Bronzes, in the newest styles,
in Polychrome, Ivory, Bnrkedienne, *c. lntendiBg rur-
chascra should inspect «uue. as a great advance has been
APLE and CO.-ORNAMENTAL CHINA.
-*»X in tlu« Driwrim mt will »>e found a 8in>crl» collect ion.
gathered froin^ail parts of the world, including Satsum^
Dro-'.lei! 'nn.r VicVinal’'C.'.i:‘’!rX' a«*c''lico!*«»”' wil?^*1*^
M Al\l.K .um! i : (). , l T ot lenlramVou r ur!Sd ,*Lutid 0 n\ also at Paris
MAPLE & CO.
JpURNITURE for EXPORTATION.
H undreds of thousands of pounds’
worth of manufactured GOODS ready for immediate
delivery. All goods marked in plain figures for net cash—a
system established fifty year*.
VISITORS as well as MERCHANTS are
▼ INVITED to inspect the LARGEST FURNISHING
ESTABLISHMBNT in the WORLD. Hundred# of thousands
of pounds’worth of Furniture, Bedstead*, Carpets.Curtains,
ic.,all rrndy for immediate shipment. Having large since,
all good* are racked on the preniineB hy experienced packers;
very essential when goods are for exportation to insure safe
deli very. The reputation of half a century.
3IAPLB and CO., Tottcnhuiu-court-road, London; also at
Paris and Smyrna.
M APLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
Appointment to her Majesty tho Queen. The repu¬
tation nf half a century. Factories r Beatimoni-pVacc. Euston¬
road : SoutlKuupton-huiIding* ; Li verpool-roaxl; Park-street,
l<liugton, &c.—Totteoluiu-uourt-rwd, Lomluu ; Puns, and
Smyrna.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION,
J- West Brompton, Earl’s-Court, and West Keusingtou,
Fat von:
HIS MAJESTY the KING of ITALY.
Hon. President:
HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS the CROWN PRINCE of ITALY.
Director-General :
JOHN R. WHITLliY. Esq.
President of the Reception Committee:
_ Colonel J. T. NORTH.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
THE GREAT SUCCESS OF 18**.
THE EXHIBITION OF THE YEAR.
ITALIAN SCULPTURE, PAINTINGS, aud INDUSTRIES.
At -1 and H p.m. Daily, Wet or Dry.
'-'IK UNDER THE EMPEROR TIT!
On the “ WILD W EST ” ARENA.
Magnificent Reproduction of tho
ROMAN COLISEUM.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
L ILLUMINATED GARDEN FETE EVERY EVENING.
Neapolitan Mandolinista daily.
ITALIAN EXHIBITION.
L Admission to the Exhibition, Oiien 10 n.m. to 11 p. 111 .
ally. Vixcbst A. Ai'pLijt, Secretary.
[ R I S H EXHIBIT! ON,
L OLYMPIA. KENSINGTON.
TII E GREATEST 8UCCEBS.
Oiicu liaily from u 11 .n 1 . till 11 p.m.
A DM ISS ION, ON E SII11.LI NG.
Four Military Bands. The Sham Fight.
ILLUMINATIONS and FIREWORKS Every Evening.
VALUABLE DISCOVERY for the HAIR.
* If y-'iir lull r i> ninmu: -f-; <-r nr fulling . rr,
use “The Mexican Hair Renewer.” for it will positively
rest ore in every cast* Grey or W'hitcHairiiritaot’iBinnl colour,
without leaving the disagreeable much of umut “ Restorers.’*
It iiiakoa the hair charmingly beautiful. a« well as ]>rotnoting
Mu* growth of the hair on laid atmts, where the glands aro
not dcciyod. “The Mexican Hair Reucwer" is sold by
CUoim«i«and Perfumer* every where, at 8*. 6d. per Buttle.
442
OCT. 13, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE RECESS.
The return of Lord Salisbury from Nice to Hatfield on the
Sixth of October signalises the commencement in earnest of
the autumn campaign. Whilst the Prime Minister, strengthened
by his long holiday in France, was girding on his armour, to
be ready at a fitting moment to join in the fray, his Lordship
may well have proceeded leisurely. The noble Marquis knew
the Ministerial cause had just been championed by two of his
doughtiest colleagues, Mr. Balfour and Lord Hartington, who
continues to support the Ministry so stanchly that he might
consistently accept a seat in the Cabinet itself.
The war of words has shown that oar Parliamentary
gladiators are quite os keen in debate, in retort, and in
the art of delaying reform outside St. Stephen’s, as they are
within its walls. Cui bonn? might be asked after each speech.
Neither Mr. Balfour’s lively defence in Glasgow of his Irish
administration, nor the Marquis of Hartington’s resolute
stand in Inverness at the beginning of October against
Gladstonian Home Rule for Ireland, contributed one atom
to the solution of the Irish Difficulty. The Leader of
the Liberal Unionist party is content to act as buttress
to the Salisbury Government, as he still regards the alliance
as the most effective obstacle to the triumph of Mr. Parnell
in Ireland. Bub this policy does not hold out any hope of the
removal of the existing deadlock.
Precisely the same rigid attitude is adopted by Mr. Glad¬
stone and his lieutenants on their side. From Mr. Herbert
Gladstone at Leeds on the Sixth of October came nothing
newer than wholesale denunciation of Mr. Balfour and all his
works in Ireland. Similarly, speaking at Newtown, Mont¬
gomeryshire, on the Eighth, Mr* John Morley, who was
enthusiastically received, indulged in animated criticism of the
“Coercion" practised in vain by Mr. Balfour, and also
coquetted with Home Rule for Wales. Mr. Morley renewed
the attack tho following day, at the Newtown meeting
of the Welsh National Council, whose members will
in future bestir themselves more actively in the House
of Commons. Addressing the Manchester meeting of the
United Kingdom Alliance, the same day, Sir William
Harcourt confined himself to the appropriate topic of Local
Option ; but Sir George Trevelyan, in Hull, returned to the
thrice-told tale of Mr. Balfour’s alleged rule of iron in Ireland—
a theme on which Mr. William O'Brien also naturally waxed
eloquent at Blaenau, Featiniog. There was a more statesman¬
like tone in the Earl of Rosebery’s admirable speech at Leeds on
the Ninth of October in favour of a separate legislative body
for purely Irish affairs. But the distinguishing feature of the
speeches of both parties is that there is no approximation of
views whatever. Settlement of a vexed question seems as far
off as ever. Nor does anyone expect 31 r. Gladstone, when he
delivers battle to the Liberal Unionists at their Birmingham
head -quarters on the Fifth of November, to mend matters in
the least with respect to the Irish Question.
Lord Salisbury’s Government, meantime, as Mr. W. H.
Smith declared in an effective and pointed speech at Gloucester,
on the Eighth of October, will rest contented with maintaining
the integrity of the United Kingdom, with the solid aid of the
Liberal Unionists, and with passing through Parliament such
serviceable Acts as that which has so greatly reformed the
municipal administration of the Metropolis and of the counties.
The Church Congress, which was opened at Manchester on
Oct. 2, with an address from the Bishop of the diocese to an
audience of 4000 persons, in the Free Trade Hall, continued
its meetings daily.—Among the subjects discussed at the second
meeting were the raissionsof theChurchof England inthe United
States and our Colonies, Philosophic Doubt and Agnosticism,
and the Burial Laws, and in the evening the Mayor, Sir J.
Harwood, held a conversazione in the Townhall, which was
numerously attended.—The principal subjects discussed on the
third day had reference to the desirability of revising the
Prayer Book, the bearing of Democracy on Church life and
work, the influence of the reserved-seat system upon attend¬
ance at church, and the future of voluntary elementary
schools.—Interest was well sustained during the concluding
day ; the morning at the principal meeting being devoted to
Christian service, and the afternoon to Church finance. In tho
sections the increase of the episcopate, the religious life for
men, eschatology, and lay help were the topics considered.
BIRTH.
On Sept. 27, at Wall field, Stand, Manchester, the wife of Edgar AVatkln,
MARRIAGE.
On Oct. 3, at Central Hill Chapel, Upper Norwood, by the Rev. S. A.
Tipple, Arthur, eldest son of Joseph Leetc, Esq., South Norwood Park, to
Lilian Frances, second daughter of Henry Hodsoll Heath, Esq., J.P.. The
Hylands. Upper Norwood.
DEATH.
On Oct. 5, at Park Hall, Mansfield, Francis Hall, Esq., J.P., in his 83nl
year.
•*° The charge for the insertion of Births, Marriages, and Deaths,
Five Shillings.
THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION.
At the monthly meeting of the Royal National Life-Boat
Institution, held on Thursday, Oct. 11, at its honse, John-
street, Adelphi, rewards amounting to £77 were granted to
the crews of life-boats belonging to the institution for ser¬
vices rendered during September. The VVinterton No. 2 life¬
boat rescued the crew, consisting of seven men, of the brig
Catherine, of Whitby, which was waterlogged and sank during
a whole gale from the N.N.W. and a very heavy soa; the
Peterhead life-boat rendered assistance to the stranded fishing-
boat Aurora, of Pittallie, during a strong E.N.E. wind and
misty weather; the Lianddwyn life-boat rendered assistance
to the schooner George, of Liverpool, which was in
danger during a fresh gale from the N.W. and squally
weather ; and the Llanddulas life-boat assisted the distressed
ss. Tolfaen, of Liverpool. Payments amounting to £5523 were
ordered to be made on the 293 life-boat establishments of the
institution. Among the contributions recently received were
£300 from the Misses Macrae, balance of their gift for the
Southport new life-boat; £100 additional from Mrs. E. A.
Symes, Bangor ; and £4 13s., collected at the harvest festival
at Aldringham, Suffolk, per the Rev. J. C. Stewart Mathias.
New life-boats have been sent during September to Milford
Haven, Mevagissey, and Porthdinllaen.
Mr. Mackenzie, the representative of the British East
African Association, has had an audience of the Sultan of
Zanzibar, who has signed the concession which has been
granted to the association.
On the opening day of the Newmarket Second October
Meeting Braw Lass won the Trial Plate, Peck o’ Pepper the
Visitors’ Plate, Paloma the Second October Nursery Stakes,
Red Palmer the First Welter Handicap, El Dorado the
Ulearwell Stakes, Poem the Hundred Guinea Plate, Noble
Chieftain the Cadogan Plate, and Ormuz the Post Produce
Stakes.—On Oct. 9 the Cesarewitch was contested by twenty-
three runners, of whom Mr. M. P. Aumont’s Tendbreuse was
first, Mr. G. Lambert’s Mill Stream second. 3fr. Warren de la
Rue’s Trayles third, and 31 r. C. Perkins’s Matin Bell fourth.
The Heath Stakes fell to Master Mason, the Maiden Plate to
Blue Peter, the Stand Nursery Plate to Lady Barefoot, the
Selling Plate to Dartmouth, the Flying Welter Handicap to
The Tyke, the Severals Plate to Gulbeyaz, and the Royal
Stakes to Ossory. On the 10th the Middle Park Plate was
won by the Duke of Portland’s Donovan ; Mr. Rose’s Gulliver
being second, and Mr. Blanc’s Clover third.
JLLUSTRATED J^ONDON ^LMANACK
rOR 18SD.
SIX PICTURES IN CHROMO.
ILLUSTRATED THROUGHOUT.
In Pictorial Cover. Price ONE SHILLING; Postage,
T\v«>)t«.'iic<'- Uni f m'tniy.
Published at the Office *.
I^ROWN & pOLSON’S QORN pLOUR
18 A WORLD-WIDE NF.CKS3A RY.
JJBOWN & pOLSON’S QORN pLOUR
FOR THE NUHRERY.
pROWN & pOLSON’S QORN pLOUR
FOR THE FAMILY TADI.B.
pROWN & pOLSON’S £JORN pLOUR
_ FOR TffE 81CK-ROOM.
pROWN & pOLSON’S £JORN pLOUR
__ HAS A WORLD-WIDE R EPUTATION.
ROWLANDS’
KALYDOR
ROWLANDS’
KALYDOR.
_KALYDOR.
Butlers Musical Instruments
OF EVERT DESCRIPTION.
TO-DAY (Saturday) at Two,and TO-NIGHT at Eight.
Mr. RICHARD MANSFIELD as
Tho BARON CHEVRIAL In
A PARISIAN ROMANCE,
riay in Five Acts, by M. Octavo Feuillct.
lux-office (Mr. J. Hurst) Open Daily from Ten to Fi
L 1 N LARGED TONSILS CURABLE
U WITHOUT CUTTING.
By GEORGE MOORE, M.D.
London : James Epps ami Co.. 170, Piccadilly.
/CHEQUE BANK, Limited, Established 1873.
i V .- 1 Ureat convenience to travellers. Cheques cashed every-
. ‘ i-i»lacc, Pall-mall; 3. Georgo-yurd, Loiu-
MAPPIN & WEBB’S ^“5t!B55!"
ILLUSTRATED BAG CATALOGUE (No. 2) POST-FREE.
OXFORD-STREET, W.; POULTRY rsss^), CITY, LONDON.
BENHAM d SONS
CHIMNEY-PIECES, STOVES, TILES,
COOKING APPARATUS, KITCHENERS,
r-^o!l DRIES ’ LIFTS ’ engineering,
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, ELECTRIC BELLS.
WIGMOR E-STREE T, LONDON.
A DA M S’S THE OLDEST AND
Furniture
Polis h
“THE QUEEN”
Dcr *23 n iS83 lTlltl0n ' n , ' ocoraInc,ulin S It*
Sold bu Grocers, Ironmongers, Cabinetmakers,
Oilmen, &c.
VALLEY-R OAD , SHEFFIELD.
M M M - --Maiutfactory, VALLEY-ROAD, SHEFFIELD.
MILK.
gABTIhd. mHQp^ nr) n IP|<,Ww A ^ il> THROAT lttt.
WHAT IS YOUR CREST aad WHAT
» ▼ IS YOUR MOTTO?-Send name and county to
UULLRTON’8 Heraldic Olfice. Painting in heraldic colour*.
74. «d. Podigreea traced. The correct colours for liveries.
Tho arms of hnsbaml and wife Mended. Crest engraved on
seals and dies, 8s. fid. Rook jilatos engraved in ancient and
modern styles.—25, Cr&nbourn-street, w.c.
ftULLETON'S GUINEA BOX of
STATIONERY—a Ream of Taper and 500 Envelopes
stamped with Crest or Address. No charge for engraving
ateel dies. Wedding and Invitation Card*. A CARD
PLATE and fifty best Cards, Printed, 2s. 8d., pout-free. t«y
T. CULI.KTON,Seal Engraver, 25, Cranbourn-strect (corner of
SC. Martin's-ianc), W.C.
P 1IOCOL AT M E N I E R.
DIPLOMA OP HONOUR.
pHOCOLAT MENIER in A lb. and i lb.
VJ TAG NETS.
LUNCHEON, nml SUPPMI.
QIIOCOLAT MENIER.—A warded Twenty-
Pit TZR HI
“ sumption f
:ceds 2tj/»x
QHOCOLAT MENIER. Paris,
New* York.
Sold Everywhere.
I pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-stT
AUTUMN and TRAVELLING
DRESSES.
£JL0AKS, COSTUMES, &c.
EMBROIDERED ROBES, in
AJ Cashmere, Cloth, Ac.from f 1 15 0
VELVET VELVETEEN'S, Coloured mid
Black . per yard 0 1 6
All-Wool FRENCH CASHMERES'and
MERINOS. i>er vard 0 1 11
COSTUME CLOTH, S3 In. wide, All Wool,
lwr Yard 0 3 9
Navy Bine YACHTING SERGE, All Wool,
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MEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS,
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NEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS, with Capes
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TRAVELLING CLOAKS, New Patterns, in
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TJEIGE, Serge, and Fancy-Cloth
** COSTUMES.from £1 5 6
Fine Habit-Cloth COSTUMES, nppllqmK in
various designs, great novelty .. from 3 3 0
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and Check Silk, or Velvet .. .. from 2 18 6
CHILDRENS COSTUMES, In Real Devon¬
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CHILDREN’S Silk and Fancy COSTUMES,
from 0 18 11
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OILKS, SATINS, VELVETS, &c.
200 Pieces Coloured Brocaded SATINS.
Itable for Tea-Got
Pieces Rich
FRANCA ISB _ __
Extra Rich BROCADES, suitable for Court
Traina and Bridal Wear .. per yard <
PATTERNS and Illustrations
^ ]KJ8trfrce.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
THE ILLUSTE ATED LONDON NEWS
443
TIN LIKE SILVER.
MAKES MARBLE WHITE.
Cleans and Polishes Everything.
MAKES
f’flD'DP'D TTTrci nnrn
Sold by Grocers, Ironmongers, and Chemists Everywhere. If not obtainable near you, send 4d. in stamps
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c. “Sunday Times" gays “Mr. Russell’s aim
adicate, to cure the disease, and that his treatnu
ic true one seems beyond all doubt. The medlcii
■escribes docs not lower but builds up anil tom
istem." Book, 116 paRes (8 stnmpe).
F. 0. RUSSELL, Woburn House,
\ Store-street, Bedford-square, London, T
glycerine
cmmlm.
Is the most perfect Emollient Milk for
PRESERVING AND BEAUTIFYING
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No Lady who values her complexion should ever ho
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the SKIN SOFT and BLOOMING.
BEWARE OF INJURIOUS IMITATIONS.
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CORSETS and SUPPORTING STAYS, for tic-
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444
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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TIimo are worn In a thinner texture
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UMBRELLAS,
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KNIGHT OF TH E LEGION OF HONOUR
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SELECT MEDICAL OPINIONS.
Sir HENRY MARSH. Bart., M.D.,
Physician in Ordinary to the Quern in Treland.
| “ I consider Dr. De Jokuii’a Light-Brown Cod-Liver
Oil to be a very- pure Oil, not likely to create disgust, and
a therapeutic agent of great value.”
Dr. EDGAR SHEPPARD,
Professor of Psychological Medicine, King's College.
“Da. Dr Jomoij’h Tight-Brown Cod-Liver Oil has the
| ate excellence of being well borne and assimilated by
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Sir G. DUNCAN GIBB, Bart., M.D.,
Physician to the Westminster Hospital
“ The value of Dr. De Jongii's Light-Brown Cod-Liver
Oil as a therapeutic agent in a number of diseases,
chiefly of an exhaustive character, has been admitted
by the world of medicin e.”
Dr. SINCLAIR COGHXLL,
Physician to the Hospital for Consumption , Ventnor.
“ In' Tubercular and the various forms of Strumous
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greater therapeutic efficacy than any other Cod-Liver Oil
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S.FOX& i C?Limited
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^STERLING IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FF
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Sold ONIY m Capsuled Imperial Half-Pint., 2s. 8d.; Pints, 4s. 9d.: hearts, 9s.; b, aU Chemist, and BnwUta.
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Regent-street, Nos. 256 to 262.
T^RENCH and ENGLISH DRESSMAKING at
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CILKS, VELVETS, BROCADES, an immense
O stock of New Goods, the latest productions, for Mantles and
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N ew black material costumes, a
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"OEAUTIFUL FRENCH MILLINERY, entirely
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The BEST REMEDY fob INDIGESTION.
CAMOMILE PILLS
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INDIGESTION.
Sec Testimonial, selected from hundreds
“ Croydon, 1885.
“Having been a sufferer from Indigestion
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“J. Wilkinson."
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to -yr: rifled barrel'. io to 28 boro shot for < r brass
Bond six stamp* ft.r Catnlogue of (Sttns. It lie*. hihI llev
the largest .Stock in the Trade, lo G. E. LEW
i 3J & 33. Lower Loveday-street, Birmingham, h
•hells.
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iar
THE
if
LOUIS”
VELVETEEN.
Every yard bears the name “LOUIS,” and
the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
quality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
should write for Samples of the New Shades
to THOS. IVALLIS and CO., Holborn-circns,
London, E.C., who supply all shades and all
qualities at most reasonable prices.
Positive! you red by
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They also relieve Dis¬
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es. The smallest and
phial. Purely Vegetable,
I easiest to take. 40 in a p
dim
S U Standard Pill of the United States. _
phials at Is. lid- bold b y * 11 Chemists, or sent
1 bJ lMust,rated pamphlet free. British Depot,
40, Holborn Vraducfc, London, E.G.
rpAYLOR’S CIMOLITE is the only
1 thorou.hly liftrml.B. SKIN POWI)Em Pj''' ) l'a^ein,y^nn
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emincnt^Bkin^Domor^.• ^^jake^treeri _
fMMEP/fim £5^15,000
18 NEW BOND SIW.
This Food should be tried wherever other nourishment has not proved entirely satisfactory,
it Is already Cooked-Requires neither boiling nor straining-Is made In a minute.
tAllen & Hanburys'
Infanta Food
A nutriment peculiarly adapted to the digestive organs of Young Children, supplying all that to
formation of tlrm llesh and bone. Surprisingly beneficial results have attended tlie use of this Food, which needs
onlv to be tried to be permanently adopted.
ElEOTROPftTHUi RUT
1^*5’. Ailments
' 'X*t
tU'ghfi ap-pti
T ’’ ’ ?!.. Uw and k ! ' ““"ten rf tho
J flVCnan nv LONDBM UI
. rruou vi urni m-su anu none, surprisingly beneficial results nave ottenueu uieuseui . .
I,v to he tried to be permanently adopted.
Hodleal Testimony *„d full direction. occonipany each Tin. Price 0d_ 1 b„ 8»., 6«„ nnd 10.., everywhere,
\VALKERS CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES.
“'‘' l C,Ml "
JOlni WALKER. 77, Oorkillli" Mud 23;
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I TYINNEFORD’S
" Th« best remedy f<>
llcatlacho. Gout, and l
1 dclicalc constitutions, la
FLUID MAGNESIA
Acidity of the Stomach. Heartburn
SIMPLY
A pure OIL '■
.. . JMA1NS POV*
ap Tire 60-M PER
-EC.sa.Rrev
mci.eioKS—
CHEAP COMMOBITIE8
csoat.it chakokd A,
_CP PURE OIL.
EVERYONE SHOULD TRY
PERRYIAN PLANISHED
POINTED PENS.
N.B.—The l.mlie* - Pattern. Xo. liOS.price la-
per Box of Two Dozen.
Price Is. per Box, or 3s. per Gross.
SOLD BY ALL STATIONERY
Wholesale.- HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON.
„,.„yV Hao«T
ah pfSPEW,
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- ••• ' ^
' v -.-aa=^',
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OCTOBER 20, 1888.
TWO
XD THE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA HUNTING AT MURZSTEG
TYRIA : CLOSE OF A DAY’S SPORT.
Emperor William II. King Humbert.
Prince of Naplei
Prince Henry of P
Duke of Aosta. Duke of Gcn<
THE KING OF ITALY GREETING THE GERMAN EMPEROR AT THE RAILWAY STATION ON HIS ARRIVAL IN ROME.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
446
OUR NOTE BOOK,
BY JAMES PAYN.
There has lately been some painful discussion about tho
refusal of a pension to the widow- of a man of undoubted
genius. Questions wholly apart from the merits of the case
have been imported into it; but if some unnecessarily hard
things have been said of those who shut their ears to what
was generally held to be a justifiable appeal, there is little
that can be put down to their credit. What has caused most
dissatisfaction, however, is the conviction that, of late years,
Literature, Science, and Art have been deprived of the very
small provision that is annually made for their professors by
persons who have no claim to it, and who also stand in no
such need of help. To the widows of distinguished soldiers
no one would grudge a fitting maintenance, bnt it should not
be drawn from a source intended for quite other recipients;
and still less, however much the aristocracy in the abstract
may have done for us, should the relatives of its scions (them-
Belves often utterly unknown to fame) have two or three
hundred a-year given to them for maintaining extra man-
servants, while the men of Science, of Letters, or of Art have
not a third of that dole from a fund that was intended for
them only. It is not a question of politics, for Liberal and
Tory Governments have alike sinned in this respect. The
sympathy of Premiers from Lord Palmerston's time, who
con'd “ see no difference between the cases of Poet Close and
that of Poet Burns, except in degree,” to tho present day, have
been singularly wanting to the Arts and Sciences.
It was not bo at one time, as is made apparent from Mr,
Montague s late memoir of Sir Bobert Peel. That statesman
who bore the character of “coldness.” and had certainly not
the facnlty of attracting personal attachment possessed by
some of his successors, was always mindful of men of letters,
and did not misdirect the slender stream of benefits intended
for their needs to alien channels. The names of Airey,
of Somerville, of Southey, of Sharon Turner, of James
Montgomery, and of Crabbe (to whom he gave a living)
will be always pleasantly associated with him ; and it is to be
noticed that in no case did he offer them a less snm than £ 150
per annum. To Hood’s widow, indeed, he gave only £100,
but it was the sum which ho was asked to give, and the
manner of presenting it must have seemed to the poet's
sensitive spirit to doable its value. He wrote from his death¬
bed, in great poverty, to beg that the pension in question
should be settled on his wife after his demise, and Peel, being
at Brighton on the Sunday, sent him the required promise by
special messenger, so that the sick man should learn the good
news a day earlier. There is no record of this in the Peel memoir,
whioh is a pity, since it is so admirably characteristic. Hood's
letter of thanks is, of course, delightful; he hopes Peel will
set it against the next instance of political ingratitude. “ As
for me, I am," he writes, “ so totally unconnected with party
that my favourite theory of government is an angel from
heaven and a despotism."
A great French eritie has been placing on record his views
of cruelty, and a still greater English one (if I recognise his
Boman—and Grecian—hand) has been commenting on them.
They are neither of them in favour of cruelty, which, con¬
sidering their profession, is very creditable to them ; hut the
former states his hatred of it to be so extreme that he “ cannot
be cruel even to the cruel." If he means that he prefers some¬
one else instead of himself to hang them, I sympathise with
nim ; but if he means that he would nob have them hanged at
all, I differ from him. There is a vaulting Philanthropy that
overleaps itself and falls on the other side, and in its hatred
of brutality encourages the Brutal. I have no doubt that there
are people who would find excuses for Mary's'Chancellor, who,
history tells us, incensed by the obstinacy of Anne Askew,
cast off his mantle, and, “ plying the rack with his own
hands, almost tore her asunder ” : but such apologists while
imagining themselves charitable are in reality Gallons. More¬
over, really tender-hearted persons are often ignorant of the
worst attributes of human nature. Without at all agreeing
with Dr. Bain, in his recent assertion that tho sentiment
of Malignity is universal, it is much more wide-spread
than is imagined. I remember a speech made by Michael
Davitt, much to his honour, denouiffeing in the most
scathing terms the practice, then only too prevalent, of tho
mutilation of dumb animals, which was listened to by a largo
audience without a single expression of sympathy. About tho
Bame time a “ Lady " wrote a letter, and got a newspaper to
publish it, pointing out that there were still cows with
their tails on. The existence of such persons would probably
be incredible to the French critic, who could not read tho
martyrdoms in the “Lives of the Saints” without his heart
seeming to be “ crushed in a vice ’; but “shut the book, and
dared not open it again.”
The English critic, with the remembrance, no doubt, in his
mind of how he had himself occasionally disembowelled an
author—though with as much tenderness and much more grace
than old Isaak treated his worm—denounces this as a sign of
weakness, and then goes on to inquire whether we have gained
much, or even have not lost more than we have gained, by the
discontinuance of torture for the extraction of evidence, and of
the good old customs of ball-baiting, badger-drawing, and cock-
fighting. “ Does not all onr loathing of the Terrible arise," he
asks, “ from the failure of the national nerve .’" I answer,
“No. In the whole history of oar nation I do not believe
nobler or more disinterested acts of heroism are recorded than
have happened within the last half-century.” Moreover, I
venture to differ from him in his bringing forward, apparently
ns evidence of brutality, such an incident as that of Walter
Scott making one of a party to see Burke banged. Why should
he not have made sure with his own eyes of the extinction of
one of the most crnel wretches that ever disgraced human form
What sentiment of tenderness or pity could such a spectacle
have evokedOur critic cannot imagine any man of letters
in the present day attending a similar spectacle. Yet Charles
Dickens, one of the kindest hearted of men, went to see an
execution. I feel this rather a personal matter, for I myself
went—in the interests of literature, of course, and not like your
Lord Tom Noddy, but still I went— to see the Malay crew of
the Flowery Land hanged at Newgate; they had thrown their
captain and officers (with whom they had no fanlt to find) into
the sea, and pelted them as they were drowning with cham¬
pagne bottles. Two of the mildest of these ruffians had been
reprieved, of whom the Sheriff told me this story : “ When tho
Governor came to break the news to them, expecting the usual
expressions of gratitude and penitence, one of them observed,
• Since Antonio is to bo put away, I hope you will let me havo
his shoes, as they exactly fit me.’" I trust my nature is not
brutal, but I cannot say that the spectacle of Antonio and tho
rest being removed from the world deeply affected me. I am
now too old for sensational experiences, but I believe I could
still see the Whitechapel murderer hanged, without one
tributary tear.
Mr. Furness, though he makes such excellent fun of
portrait-painters, seems to take the art himself more seriously
than most people. From my own experience of it, I havo
always thought that it was more serious for the sitter than for
the painter ; but this is not, it seems, at all the case. *■ To
paint a man rightly,” he says, “ you should live with him as a
Japanese artist lives with the flower he sketches, and watch
him when utterly unconscious.” This reminds me of a still
more sesthetic person, who has informed us that “ to properly
paint a tree it is necessary that we should become a tree ”—
with, I suppose, a bark. It does not 6eem to have occurred to
Mr. Furness that it is not everybody who could stand a portrait-
painter always at his elbow looking out for characteristic ex¬
pressions. For my part, if I am to believe a distinguished
artist who once did me the honour of painting me, I lose, after
a sitting of five minutes, all resemblance to humanity. “My
good Sir,” he used to remonstrate, “ you are completely gone:
you have no face 1 ” As to watching me “ when I was utterly
unconscious,” if that was the opportunity he desired, he had
plenty of them. If his price was high, on the other hand, I
cost him a good deal in cigarettes, coffee, and liqueurs-
restoratives.
At the Church Congress it was objected by a Divine, who,
unless very unselfish, must look : forward to being a Bishop,
that-candidates for Confirmation are apt to put a great deal of
grease on their heads, to the inconvenience of the officiating
Prelate. It is not, of coarse, an agreeable custom, bnt it is
well intended ; in the country especially, young people would
as soon think of attending church in their workaday clothes
as without some capillary ointment, though it may not be a
capillary attraction to others. The rite in question, albeit
imperfectly understood, and even prized as a remedy
for other than spiritual complaints, is thought highly of by
the agricultural class. I once saw a Berkshire cart<r boy
insist upon its being conferred upon him, in spite of the most
strenuous ecclesiastical opposition. As he was making his
way to join the kneeling line, the Bishop's chaplain stopped
him, with silvery voice—“Stay, my lad ; you have been Con¬
firmed already.” “No, I hasn’t.” “But indeed I think you
have.” To make sure he went up to the Bishop, who thought
he remembered the boy's face. “Yes, my lad, you are mis¬
taken ; his Lordship says he has already Confirmed you.” “Ea
lies, ’ was the confident reply ; and, indeed, so far as it was
possible for a Bishop to be in error, it turned out that his
Lordship was so. In old times it was not bear's grease that the
Fathers of the Church objected to, but false hair. “ If you
will riot fling away your false hair, as hateful to Heaven,” says
Tcrtullian, “cannot I make it hateful to yourselves by remind¬
ing you that the false hair you wear may have come from the
head of one already damned I ” Clemens of Alexandria was
more judicious, if less vehement, in his denunciation :—“When
you kneel to receive the blessing, my brethren, you must be
good enough to remember that the benediction remains on the
wig, and does not pass through to the wearer.” Perhaps there
was a trade in wigs that had been blessed !
It was not concerning false but grey hair that Russell of
the Sr of.'man made his famous saying. A contemporary had
remarked to him that, though it was true he was growing grey,
he had not grown bald, as Rnssell had done. “ That's true, ’
admitted the latter, “my hair preferred death to dishonour.”
Of course there may be too much of a good thing ; but it
is generally admitted that partial baldness gives the appear¬
ance of intelligence. In a recent description of the great
swindler Allmayer, I read that he had “ that slight tendency to
baldness which often goes with elegant manners.” I am afraid
this observation was caused by some confusion in the writer's
mind between elegant manners and “polish.” A head on the
road to baldness may he rough enough, but when it has
reached maturity—when its proprietor brushes it with his hat
on, for instance, which is a sure sign—italmost always presents
a smooth and brilliant surface, on which the eye lights yet
does not linger, bnt, like " the bird, o’er lusfcrons woodland ”
slides away. But as for temper, if elegant manners have
anything to do with that, I confess that I have no con¬
fidence in baldness. On the stage, too, which is supposed to
hold the mirror up to Nature, the most irascible of grumpy
uncles, the most peppery of Indian Colonels, are always
bald. It is not generally known that baldness lends
itself to caricature of a very peculiar kind. I was once
staying in a country honsc, where an eminent portrait-painter,
the late Sir George Ilayter, came down to paint the host and
hostess. One evening, after dinner, the Knight, who was a
hnmonrist in his way, persuaded a good-natured fellow-guest,
who was very bald, to submit himself to his pencil. On the
back of his head he drew a human countenance, whioh what
hair there was there set off charmingly as whiskers. He became
literally a doable-faoed man ; and when wo pat his coat on
hindside before, and led him into the drawing-room backwards,
OCT. 20, 1888
he made a more striking impression on the ladies than he had
ever done before, that is. previously.
A clergyman who took np the case of Father Damiens, the
priest who in ministering to tho lepers has become a leper
himself, has written to the papers to complain bow small have
been the sums subscribed by the class which calls itself
“ Society.” He is surprised at this, be says, because ho has so
constantly heard rich people express their opinion that the
poor leper priest was the “ greatest saint living.” This, how¬
ever, he ought to have known, is a very different thing from
their subscribing to him. The simplicity of this good clergy¬
man is, indeed, almost as touching us his appeal itself. “Society
so-called,” he writes, “subscribed almost nil, bnt bigotry wes
entirely absent" (by which he means that it was present
enough bnt gave no contributions) ; “ both these facts are
instructive.” Certainly they are, but only to one who has
never studied human nature. Whenever I see one of those severe
leading articles against money given in charity I welcome it,
for it bestows happiness on the greatest number—the people
that never give anything to anybody, and are delighted to
find their parsimony defended. “ Among the people who in
the sixth century,” writes a well-known philosopher, “were
converted to the Christian faith were two tribes called the
Lazi and the Zani. Methinks it would have been better if
they had been left unconverted, for they have multiplied
prodigiously.” _
THE GERMAN EMPEROR IN ROME.
The grandest and happiest features of the marvellons political
transformation of Continental Europe, in the last thirty years,
are the creation of Italian national unity and independence,
and that of German national unity ; but not less happily, and
by an equally satisfactory recognition of the ancient rights of
the Hungarian nation, the Austrian Empire, at whose expense,
as it seemed in 1859 and in 1886, both those ohanges were
accomplished by force of arms, when they had failed to bo
effected by mere popular insurrection in 1848, has assumed a
sounder and juster basis, allowing the Sovereign of Austria
and of Hungary, as a liberal and constitutional ruler,
to be the friend and ally both of the kingdom of Italy
and of the King of Prussia, holding the office of
German Emperor. This relative situation of the principal
Monarchies and leading nations of Central Europe, between
the Baltic and the Adriatic, is the main security for the general
peace ; and there could be no more agreeable token of it than
the visits of the Emperor William II., within a few day s, suc¬
cessively to the Emperor Francis Joseph at Vienna, and to King
Humbert I. at Rome, welcomed in both instances, not only by
sincere personal courtesies, but also by cordial expressions of
public goodwill, which prove that the Austrians and other
South Germans, the Hungarians and other subjects of Francis
Joseph, are fully reconciled to the accomplishment of German
unity, and of Italian freedom and independence.
The arrival of the German Emperor in the city of Rome—
where German Princes, on their election to the supreme
dignity, that of King of the Homans and Emperor of the
Holy Roman Empire, used to receive consecration at the hands
of the Pope—was an event of great historical interest. His
Majesty came from Austria (from Neuberg, in Styria), and
was not the less welcome in the capital of Italy. It was on
Thursday. Oct. 11, at ten minutes past, four in the afternoon,
that the special railway-train brought him into the station on
the Piazza dei Termini, accompanied by Prince Henry of
Prussia, and attended by Count Herbert Bismarck. General
Liebonau, Count Solnts, and other German Staff or Court
officials. The Emperor wore the uniform of tho Prussian Red
Hussars, with the collar of the Italian Royal Order of the
Annunziata. On the platform of the railway-station, where a
pavilion had been erected, stood the King of Italy, in full
uniform and wearing several German Orders, with the Prince
of Naples, Crown Prince of Italy, the Duke of Aosta and tho
Duke of Genoa. Signor Crispi (the Italian Prime Minister),
the Prefect of the province of Rome, the Syndic or Mayor of
the city, and General Pallavieini di Priola, commanding the
Ninth Army Corps, with some of the Italian Court officials.
King Humbert eagerly pressed forward to shake hands with
the Emperor William as he alighted from the train ; the guard
of honour saluted ; the military bands outside played the
German National Anthem ; and the cheers of a vast assemblage
of people on the Piazza, where the members of various clubs
and guilds were ranged about their banners, mingled with
bursts of music from every side.
After the two Sovereigns had mutually introduced to each
other a few of the persons in their company, they took their
seats together in an open carriage of State, drawn by six
horses. It had an escort of Cuirassiers, under the military
commander in Rome, and was followed by ten other carriages,
the first of which conveyed the Prince of Naples and Prince
Henry of Prussia ; the second, the Dukes of Aosta and Genoa ;
the third, Signor Crispi, Count Herbert Bismarck, and the two
German officers in attendance. Our correspondent in Rome
furnishes, besides a Sketch of the scene at the railway station,
one of the scene in tho Via Nazionnle when their Royal and
Imperial Majesties passed on their way to the Quirinal Palace.
There, having entered, the German Emperor was received by
the Grand Master of the Ceremonies, and was conducted to the
reception saloon, where Queen Margherita of Italy awaited
him, with the ladies of her Court. After a courteous
greeting from his Royal hostess, the Court dignitaries,
the Ministers of State, the Knights of the Order of the Annun¬
ziata, the President of the Italian Senate, and the President of
the Italian Chamber of Deputies, were presented to his Im¬
perial Majestv, who conversed with the Minister of War,
General Bertole Viale, and Admiral Brin, the Minister of
Marine. The Emperor then gave his arm to the Queen, and,
with the King of Italy and the Royal Princes, showed himself
on the central balcony, in sight of fifty thousand people, who
greeted him with enthusiastic cheering. At six o'clock hts
Majestv came out and paid visits to the Duke and Duchess of
Aosta, and the Dnke and Duchess of Genoa. The King and
Queen gave a family banquet.
On the next day. Oct. 12, the Emperor went to luncheon at
the Palazzo Capranica, the residence of the Prussian Diplo¬
matic Envoy to the Pope, who had invited Cardinal Rampolla.
the Pontifical Secretary of State, Cardinal Von Hohcnlohe, and
two Monsignori of the Papal Court to meet bis Majesty ; after
which, in a German State equipage, he went to the Vatican
Palace on a visit to Pope Leo XIII. The Emperor was received
by the Papal Court and household with every mark of atten¬
tion, and had a private interview with his Holiness ; he was
.afterwards conducted through the Vatican Galleries of Art,
and visited the Pontifical Secretary of State.
The Emperor and the King of Italy, on the 13th. witnessed
a review of troops of the Italian army at Centocelle; on the
15th his Majesty viewed the rains of ancient Rome ; and next
day, accompanied by King Humbert, proceeded to Naples.
fl
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OCT. 20, 1883
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE rL AY HOUSES.
The great popularity of Mr. Rutland Barrington as an actor
was sufficiently proved by the reception awarded to him on his
assuming the management of the St. James's Theatre. The
public has not forgotten his good services in many a comic
opera at the Savoy Theatre, or how closely he lias been identi¬
fied with the unbroken run of success obtained by the great
triumvirate of Gilbert. Sullivan, and Carte. It required some
courage to sever from old friends and associations and to
abandon modern opera for still more modern comedy; it needed
even greater confidence t> follow such a successful manage¬
ment as that identified with the names of Mr. and Mrs. Kendal
and Mr. John Hare. Mr. Rutland Barrington evidently belongs
to the new school. He is all for progressive liberalism in art.
He hates convention, and is opposed to dramatic dogma. Call¬
ing to his assistance a powerful mind like that of Mr. Sidney
Grundy and a popular novelist like Mr. F. C. Philips, he gives
them carte hlanehr, and bids them fire away at what others call
prejudice, but some are still inclined to consider common-
sense. The result is “The Dean's Daughter," a play that, with
all its cleverness, cannot be pronounced an agreeable or
satisfying work—a protest against the old-fashioned theory
that people go to the play for pleasure rather than surprise";
a work that, with its extraordinary characters, its unusual
views, its smart cynicism, and its boldness of utterance may
possibly delight the radical section of the dramatic community,
but will as certainly be received with amazement by such as
study life as a whole and not by its exceptions. To select a
Dean of the Established Church of England as a type of all
that is degraded, base, mean and contemptible in manhood, to
choose a dignitary of this kind to illustrate selfishness,
cowardice, hypocrisy, and unnatural conduct in what purports
to be a serious play, is, in our humble opinion, as utterly untrue
to life as it is wholly false to art. In his inverted studies, in
his topsy-turvy dramas, in his daring deeds in saving exactly
wbat is not. and in putting vicious sentiments into virtuous
mouths, or vice versa, we can all laugh with Mr. IV. S. Gilbert,
He means to deal in extravagance and he does so. But it is as
false to nature, as wholly untrue to common experience, as
utterly opposed to-general opinion to select the soberest of
clergymen as an example of positively abnormal turpitude as
it wonld be boldly to paint an English Catholic priest as an
example of viciousness, or an English rabbi as a type of all
that is uncharitable, irreligious, and mean in man. On the
stage we cannot make the exception the rule. It will not do.
There are exceptions to every rule, and the accepted rule is
that the priest is blameless, the rabbi devout and
earnest, the English clergyman a man of upright character
and sober life. In a comic play we may laugh when
a Dean befuddles himself with whisky and water, when
he is brutal and inhuman to his children, when he con¬
nives at their dishonour, when he denounces their depravity
before assembled society, and when his education, his training,
his taste, and his refinement only seem to accentuate his
natural depravity. But when the Dean, who is of all clergy¬
men the most respected and discreet, is put up ns the villain of
a serious play, the contrast to all that is noble and pure in
human nature, the archetype of the most degraded features in
human nature—well, the few may applaud this kind of
cynicism as extremely clever, but the many will, we fear, only
recognise it as very foolish. We arc aware that the new school
has many earnest advocates. An earnest endeavour is being
made to free the stage from the fetters of conventionality and
from the errors of commonplace. We arc frequently told that
a spade ought to be called a spade. There are cries for the
deposition of the upholders of goody-goody, for the extinction
of grandmotherly critics, and so onand there may he much
to be said in favour of advance anil enlightenment. ’ The stage
has seen extraordinary changes in a dozen years, l’lavs are now
passed, and things are now said on the stage, that would not be
tolerated, say, twenty years ago. All this is natural. The radical
dramatist cannot complain of any very violent restriction to t he
practice of his new-fangled theories. He writes what plavs he
likes, and says pretty much what he cares to say. There never
yet was a more liberal licenser than Mr. E. F. S. Pigott. But
the question is whether in hi .r own inti nat the dramatic
iconoclast is not going too far. Plavs that leave a nastv taste
in the mouth never have, and we trust never will, find "favour
with the vast majority. At the theatre we like to sec life
painted better than it is. and not worse. If there is to be any
exaggeration, let it be on the side of virtue, not of vice. There
would be little purpose in following the details of this most
unpleasant story. The authors may lie congratulated on their
skilful manipulation of a novel sufficiently well known, and.
from their own point of view, on some smart and telling
dialogue. We see a clergyman selling his daughter and
bartering her comfort for worldly preferment; we sec him
hurrying her to destruction at the moment he could save her ;
we observe him cruel enough to shut his ears to her cries, and
callous enough to denounce her for the infamy lie has caused ;
we are presented with the picture of a lonelv woman struggling
to resist temptation, and with her only woman friend tempt¬
ing her to her fall. Much that is clever is contrasted with
much more that is callous and crude. The picture of the
degraded Dean may be a new one ; the sketch of the vicious
Russian Count is as old as the very hills of cheap transpontine
drama. In a word, it is an unpleasant play, view it how we
will. r r
Mr. Rutland Barrington can only attack the Dean in a half-
hearted manner. He dare not play him as a melodramatic
villain, so he slightly suggests a trace of the old Gilbertian
humour. He makes us laugh at the old scoundrel : not
mss him. There is so much exaggeration in what he
says and does that we cannot dissociate him from farce,
the actor showed remarkable tact with a character as
difficult to personate as to understand. Another ex¬
tremely difficult character, a callow lordling, was us excell- .
ently acted as it was understood by Mr. Avnesworth, a new
actor, but one of great promise. Miss Olga Xethersole, a
clever girl who will do great things one day if she studies
ana is not spoiled, was awarded a reception that a Rachel or
a uernbardt might have envied. We could see in the perform¬
ance much rough power, but little subtlety. One love scene—
e very best moment in the play—she understood as little as
her eompanion. Mr. Lewis Waller, who had. however, a diffi-
cult task to perform. Miss Xethersole has certainly as yet
no sympathy with the natnral school ; but her trapedv airs
seemed to snit her enthusiastic admirers. With two perform-
? fc no fault whatever could be found, namely :
be diplomatist of Mr. John Beauchamp, an admirably-finished
smeh of character, and the French waiting-maid of Miss
airolles; ami Miss Caroline Hill easily delivered the cynical
terances of the female Mephistopheles, Mrs*. Fortescue,
aiurea magnificently, but injudiciously, as we believe is the
custom on the American stage, to which Miss Hill has been
evoted for many years. But Miss Hill cannot have been as
ong away from England as to forget how English ladies drees
ac country houses before luncheon. She has heard, no doubt, of
nor-made dresses which would be more suitable for visits to
e vicarage than gowns that would look startling at a Botanic
cte. But the modern tendency is to overdress and over¬
decorate. It is not realism that we see, bnt excess. The plav
is beautifully mounted, but many of the scenes are out of
character The seedy bankrupt Devonshire Vicar could not
have lived in a house full of furniture, spick-and-span restored,
that would be the envy of a Wardour-strcet dealer. There is
not a sign of poverty about the place. When next *•Caste" is
revived, the Polly Eccles’ home in Stangate will be represented
by a baronial hall. But it is all applauded—dress, decoration,
acting, and all — by the young gentlemen who sway our
dramatic destinies and decide for us disputed questions of taste.
I he old French Abb6 Constantin is certainly a more
loveable and human a person than the St. James s Dean. He is
surrounded by good, pure people, and he is well worth studying
at the French Plays in Dean-street, Soho. A clever version in
dramatic form is presented of Ludovic Halevy’s delightful
i an d the main character is rendered to perfection by
i k&tontaine, an actor of the old school, who was once a
celebrated member of the Comedie Fran<?aise. Anything more
perfect than Lafontaine's old French parish priest has not been
seen since Lafont left the stage. And the play is wholly de¬
lightful. We contemplate pure scenes, and mix with delightful
people. Our sympathies are aroused; our better feelings
are awakened. The unselfishness of men and women
is given us as a theme for reflection, and not their
meanness ; we think men nobler and women purer for
ench plavs, and we candidly own that to us this gives more
pleasure, more genuine delight than wearying ourselves over
scenes of depravity, debauchery, and idle conduct. The good
priest who lives for his poor and longs for the time when he
can rest from his labours, the charitable woman who brings
sunshine into the village, the young soldier who is brave
enough to defend a woman's honour, the girl who confesses
that she is ready to endow devotion with her worldly goods—
ore these not pleasanter companions than drunken Deans and
scandal-loving widows and rapacious Counts and the whole of
the disreputable army of vicious and irreligious people ? At
any rate, people can take their choice. When they feel stifled
with the oppressive heat of u The Dean’s Daughter” they can
breathe the wholesome atmosphere of “ L’Abbe Constantin.”
COLONEL A. C. CROOKSHANK, C.B.
Colonel Arthur Chichester Crookshank. C.B, of the Bengal
Staff Corps, who was severely wounded, on Oct. fi, in a recon¬
naissance at Kotkai, in the Black Mountain Expedition, is the
COLONEL A. C. CKOOKSHANK, C.B.
Wounded In the Black Mountain Expedition.
eldest son of the late Captain Chichester Crookshank (.list
King's Own), and grandson of the late Colonel Chichester
Crookshank (33rd Duke’s Own), a distinguished Peninsular
officer. He joined the 33th Regiment (Royal Sussex), as an
Ensign, in 1839, and since that date has been employed con¬
tinuously in India. HescrvedintheJowaki Expedition of 1877-8,
against the Afreedees, and was in the various actions in the
Rori Valley. for which he has the medal and clasp. Heserved
also in the Afghan War from 1878 to 1880, in the operations in
Southern Afghanistan, the advance on the Helmund, and the
reconnaissance of Thnl-Chotiali. In Northern Afghanistan he
commanded the 32nd Pnnjaub Pioneers in the occupation of
the Jellalabnd Valley, and at the action of Meozinn ; he was
mentioned in despatches, and obtained the medal, with the
brevet rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He was for some time
Military Secretary to Lord Lytton, when Viceroy of India, and
for several years one of the Secretaries in the M ilitary Depart¬
ment. For services rendered in the latter capacity he was
made a Companion of the Military Division of the Rath. The
34th Pnnjanb Pioneers, of which he is Commandant, is a new
regiment, recently raised by him for the Indian Government.
Colonel Crookshank commands the river column of the Black
Mountain Expedition. The Portrait is from a photograph by
Mr. Bassano, Old Bond-street.
The Queen has approved of the appointment of the Lord
Advocate, the Right Hon. J. H. A. Macdonald, Q.C, C.B., to
the office of Lord Justice Clerk in Scotland, vacant by the
resignation of Lord Moncrieff.
The statue of General Gordon, which was voted by the
Honse of Commons in 1883. has now been completed, and
placed in the position selected for it in the centre of Trafalgar-
square. It was uncovered on Oct. It!, bnt, as in the cases of
the neighbonring monuments to Sir Charles Napier and Sir
Henry Havelock, without any formal ceremony. The statne
is the work of Mr. Homo Thornycroft, A.R.A.
The Brighton Race Stand Trustees have made a handsome
present to the town. For some time past negotiations have
proceeded between the Marquis of Bristol and the Corporation
for the purpose of purchasing the Tenantry Down, which
comprises the raceconrse. This has been completed at a cost
of £3000, and the Race Stand Trustees have sent a cheque for
the purchase-money, so that they might have the satisfaction
of banding the Corporation the valuable property for the
benefit and enjoyment of the inhabitants.
THE IMPERIAL HUNTING PARTY IN
AUSTRIA.
The visits of the German Emperor William, of the King of
Saxony, and of the Prince of Wales, to the Emperor Francis
Joseph of Austria, during the mouth of October, have been
varied by exenrsions to different mountain and forest regions
of Croatia, Styria, and Hungary, for the sake of hunting or
shooting large game, the chamois or the bear : unluckily, the
game was not always to be found, and the weather did not
often favonr these Imperial and Royal sportsmen. On Oct. 5,
leaving the Palace of SchiSnbrunn, near Vienna, and travelling
by railway, the Emperor of Anstria, the German Emperor, the
King of Saxony, Crown Prince Rudolph, Prince' Leopold of
Bavaria, and Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany, with their suites,
went to Nenberg in Styria, a romantic neighbourhood, where
the chamois find shelter among precipitous rocks. In one of
the most lonely valleys of the district, which is rarely visited by
tourists, near the little village of M iirzsteg, stands in the shade
of a large pine forest the Imperial hnnting-box which during a
fewdays was in habited by the illustrious sportsmen. It isa pretty
structure of red brick, and contains a dining-room, a reading-
room, and a number of small bed-rooms. The entrance-hall is
profusely decorated with antlers and stuffed animals, and the
alpenstocks leaning in the corners remind the visitor that for
shooting over the Imperial preserves near Miirzsteg these
mountaineering implements are indispensable. The German
Emperor has often been shooting there in former years with
the Crown Prince Rndolph. Far away from the hunting-box,
at a place which ordinary tourists can only reach on mules, is a
little hnt of refuge, where the sportsman overtaken by the night
may find shelter, and rest on a bed of straw in a blanket. The
furniture is of the simplest kind. On a table lies a visitors’
book, which, among other inscriptions, contains the following
entry by the Empress of Austria :—“ Elizabeth, Sept. !G, 1883.
On the mountains there is freedom"—this is a quotation from
the poet Schiller. _
THE tSLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
The military operations under command of General M'Quecn,
against the Akazais. Hassanzais, and other hostile tribes of the
Black Mountain, adjacent to the Hazara district in the north
of the Pttnjanb, began in the first week of October. The Black
Mountain range is about thirty miles long, with an average
breadth of ten miles, and an average height of 8000 feet above
sea-level. It is a long crest rnnning at a little distance east of
the Indns, from near Darhand or Derbund on the south, to
where the river takes a sharp turn eastward on the north,
flowing through a deep gorge with lofty precipitous banks.
The ridge is in general more rounded than sharp, sends up high
peaks at intervals, is crossed here and there by deep passes,
and shoots out great spnrs east and west, with deep narrow
glens lying between them, in which are the villages of the
tribes. The hillsides ore for the most part rocky and stony.
When uncultivated, the lower slopes are covered with
thorny bnshes and grass ; further np, forest replaces
these, and the whole of the npper portion of the spnrs
and crest is thickly wooded. Along the crest frequent open
glades occur in the forest, which, with the exposed slopes of
higher peaks, are covered with short grass. The Indus in
thiB part is deep and rapid, from 70 yards to 150 yards wide,
and crossed at eleven different points by ferries, the boats
accommodating from twenty to thirty passengers. The
natives also cross the river at nearly every point on inflated
skins, which they can do with rapidity and in great numbers.
The climate of the Black Mountain is fine in spring, summer,
and autumn, bnt severe in the winter, when snow falls in
sufficient quantity to stop communications over the crests.
Kotkai, where the severe fighting was on Oot. fi, lies on the
Indus, between mountain spars, about fifteen miles north from
Darhand. It was destroyed in the expedition of 1852-3. Oghi,
where we have maintained an outpost for some time—an
attack on which led to the present expedition—is about fifteen
miles east of Kotkai, lying in a mountain region with peaks
rising to a height of 18,000 ft. It is the starting point of
three of the columns which form the present expedition.
We are indebted to Major-General G. N. Cave (Retired), for
two Sketches of the scenery of the Black Mountain, drawn by
him when he served there in the campaign of 1808. One
represents the position of Derbnnd (Darhand) on the Indus,
fifty miles higher up the river than Attock ; it was at Darhand
that the river column of the present expedition, under Colonel
Crookshank, assembled to advance to Kotkai. The other
Sketch is that of the approach to Oghi. in the Agror valley,
from Abbotabad. Starting from Oghi, the other three columns
ascendtd the range from the east side. Colonel Sym’s column
went np the Koongali Spur ; Colonel Sunderland's column up
the Sambul Put Spur, and reached the crest of the range;
while another column, under Colonel Haly, took a different
route. These columns have advanced over the Black Mountain,
under the command of General Channer. Several villages
have been burnt, and the tribes are preparing to submit.
General Galbraith commands the troops on the Indns.
The Hassanzais reside on both sides of the Indus, those on
the Black Mountain side occupying the southern portion of
its western slopes. They are divided into ten sub-divisions,
and can command about 1500 fighting men ; some of their
neighbours wonld no doubt he willing to send contingents.
Every' man possesses his sword and shield, and there are said
to be 1100 matchlocks in the tribe. They both manufacture
swords and import them, and know how to make gunpowder.
They are independent of supplies from British territory, and
though at fend among themselves, can unite against a common
attack. To the north and east of the Hassanzais are the
Akazais, their near relations, who muster 500 fighting men,
and command the help of other tribes living on their territory.
To the north of these again are the Chagarzais, also Yusufzai
Pathans; those on the Black Mountain side of the Indus are
able to muster 2300 fighting men. These are the principal
tribes with whom we have immediately to deal.
The Queen has approved of the appointment of the Rev.
FranciB Pigou, D.D., Vicar of Halifax, to the deanery of
Chichester, vacant by the death of the Very Rev. J.1V. Bnrgon.
On Oct. 13 the Maori football-players met the Moseley Club
on the latter’s ground, and after some rough but spirited play
the visitors suffered their first defeat, being beaten by two goals
to a goal and a try.—The Canadian football team played their
first match in London on the same day, having the Swifts as
their opponents. There was some excellent play, and the
result was a draw of two goals each.
In London 2588 births and 1530 deaths were registered,
during the week ending Oct. 13. Allowing for increase of
population, the births were 122 below, while the deaths ex¬
ceeded by 13. the average numbers in the corresponding weeks
of the last ten years. The deaths included 50 from measles.
30 from scarlet fever, 20 from diphtheria, 18 from whooping-
cough, 13 from enteric fever, 1 from an undefined form of
continued fever, 43 from diarrhoea and dysentery, 2 from
cholera, and not one from small-pox or from typhus in
Greater London 3438 births and 18‘.tG deaths were registered.
THE ILLUSTRATED LON DUX NEWS, Oct. 20, 1888.-41$
MTROACH TO pRHI, FROM ABBOTABAD, HAZARA,
VALLEY OF THE INDUS. HAZARA, THE BLACK MOUNTAIN IN THE DISTANCE.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION: SKETCHES BY MAJOR GENERAL G. N. CAVE.
BY COLONEL V. J. CRAMER ROBERTS.
The Himalayan mountain territory and small native State of
Sikkim, adjacent to Darjeeling- and Bliotan, on the north¬
eastern frontier of India, was recently' described as the scene
of military operations conducted by Colonel Thomas Graham,
Brigadier-General, to repress the Thibetan incursions. It was
explained that the Rajah of Sikkim, whose feudal allegiance
is divided between the British Imperial Government and the
'r-L-L ma or Ba< hlhist ecclesiastical sovereign of Thibet, has
1 1 tube tan residence at Chumbi, on the farther side of the
frontier mountain range, and a Sikkim capital at Tumlong.
it * a r e Moored by Colonel C. J. Cramer Roberts with a few
Sketches of Tumlong and the peculiar establishments main¬
tained there, which have some interest from their Thibetan
origin nud character, and of which he writes to us as follows:—
*. aru 'o n ?, on the occasion of my visiting the capital of
Sikkim, a few years back. I was much surprised to find a
mere scattered collection of Lamaseries or Buddhist monas¬
teries on the hillside; among which the Rajah's palace was
distinguished by a copper-gilt cupola on the top of its heavy
thatched roof. It was surrounded by a more pretentions mud-
wall. enclosing the servants' or lay brothers’ dormitories, the
stables, and outbuildings. The main building consisted of the
usual two-storeyet temple, the lower apartment forming a
strange combination for devotional and secular purposes, as
prayers and receptions are equally carried on here by the
Rajah and his head Lamas. The upper room was almost a
duplicate of the one below, except that it formed also a
library, in which every volume of their sacred books had a
pigeon-hole to itself. The rest of the building consisted of
dark passages and small dormitories, redolent of strange and
powerful smells. I was fortunate in getting the Head Lama
of one of the leading monasteries to have his portrait sketched,
to which he willingly consented, on the distinct understand¬
ing he should be drawn in the attitude of prayer or blessing,
being most particular that all his fingers were correctly repre¬
sented, and that his acolytes or heralds should also be drawn in
their picturesque caps and vestments, blowing conches,by which
the faithful Buddhist far away on the mountain-side is reminded
of the hour of prayer. Occasionally they exchange these sea-
conches for human thigh-bones, which arc equally adapted as
trumpets, and can be heard at a great distance. The last
Sketch of this series represents the great cane suspension-
bridge over the Teesta river, which on its way collects most of
the tributary streams ever rushing down from the great glaciers
of the Kinchinjunga range, and is even here a powerful stream,
sweeping down everything before it—boulders, giant forest-
trees—in its headlong course. This fragile fabric of u bridge,
which appears as if the very winds conld blow it away, is the
only means of commnnication that the natives of this part of
the country possess. It consists chiefly of tough wattles or small
bamboos, closely interlaced, and capable of supporting two or
throe ordinary coolies with good heavy loads on their buckB.
But these bridges require a cool bead to cross over them, ns
tho footway is seldom more than six inches wide: in fact, were
it not for the slender bamboo handrails, it would require the
nerve of a Blondin to venture on snob a spider-webbed concern,
swayed about by the breeze over the torrent roaring below.
450
'THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OfJT. 20, 1888
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From our own Correspondent.)
Paris, Tuesday, Oct. 16.
The political circns has reopened with a revival of the old
pantomime of overthrowing the Cabinet. This time the Cabinet
won, but the battle produced two important results—firstly,
the official recognition of the necessity of revising the Con¬
stitution : and, secondly, the abdication and disappearance of,
the Left Centre, or Moderate Republican party. Hitherto the
cry of revision has been simply a subjects of manifestations
both in and out of Parliament; now it has acquired a sort of
official consecration, since it is the Prime Minister in person
who demands the modification of the Constitution of 1875, makes
it a Cabinet question, and obtains on the issue of confidence a
majority of 307 votes, against 181. M. Floquet's project of re¬
vision. about which we are likely to hear much comment for
months to come, consists in an improvement of the present Con¬
stitution : a Chamber of Representatives elected by direct
universal suffrage and renewable by thirds every two years,
thus avoiding dissolution and adjournment; a Senate elected
by universal suffrage of two degrees, renewable by thirds
every two years, and having control over the general body of
laws ; Ministers appointed by the President of the Republic
for a period of two years, responsible before the Chamber, and
capable of being maintained in their functions by the Presi¬
dent ; a Conseil d’Etat appointed by the Chamber and the
Senate to exercise a consulting and judicial role.
In reality, the situation amounts to this: the Moderate
Republicans are opposed to revision because they think it
will be the ruin of the Republic ; in the course of the debate
these Moderate men raised their voices, whereupon Floquet
thundered, and the Moderates and the Opportunists joined
hands with the Radicals, and voted for the Radical Cabinet,
preferring to sacrifice the Republic rather than to sacrifice
Floquet. The question of revision having now been posed by
the Cabinet, it remains to be seen whether the present Chamber
has sufficient authority to revise the Constitution.
The presence of General Boulanger at the Chamber, and the
passage of his carriage as he came and went, attracted crowds
of manifestants, and necessitated the bringing out of a large
force of police. There were reports current that bomb9 were
to be thrown at the General. These demonstrations of
enthusiasm, these triumphal promenades through Paris, have
aH air of being not quite spontaneous. On the other hand, it
is regrettable that circnlation should be interrupted every
time the General goes to the Chamber.
On the last day of the present month, Mdlle. Marcelle
Boulanger, eldest daughter of the irrepressible “ brav’ g(»n£ral,”
will be married to Captain Driaut. formerly her father’s aide-
de-camp. The Boulangists are, of course, planning a grand
manifestation on the occasion, with their new war-cries of “Vivo
Boulanger! ” and “ A bas les volenrs 1 ” the thieves referred
to being the anti-Boulangist Deputies.
At the intersection of the Avenue de Messine and of the
Boulevard Haussmann there has been erected a pedestal
surmounted by a bronze figure. On one face of the pedestal
are the words “ William Shakespeare,” and on the other,
“ Presented to the City of Paris by William Knighton.” The
statue is a very poor production ; the pedestal is paltry; the
gift is uncalled for and not welcome to the Parisians; the
whole affair is mediocre, as was amply proved by the cere¬
mony of the inauguration, at which the abstention of the
literary element was remarkable. The Academy refused to
have anything to do with the matter ; and the only man who
could be found to write some occasional verses, which were
recited by M. Mounet Sully, was a miserable mediocrity, M.de
Bornier. As for the donor of the statue, Mr. Knighton, a name
quite unknown to fame, it appears that he lives in the
vicinity of the Avenue de Messine. and possesses a super¬
abundance of wealth. These titles are not sufficient to excuse
him for having inflicted upon the Parisians this fifth-rate
monument of a poet whom they do not understand.
M. Erailc Zola’s new novel, * Le Reve," has just been pub¬
lished, and promises to have a greater success even than his
most successful novels, for the simple reason that it is utterly
unlike them, except so far as the questions of grand conception
and literary art are concerned. There is not a page, not a line,
not a word in “ Le Reve” which may not be read by the
purest maiden ; it is an exquisite, graceful, and touching
story—an idyll of virgin love in a framework of absolntc
purity and innocence, related by a prose poet of rare powers.
In the amusements of Paris the novelties are an opera,
“Jocelyn,” by Benjamin Godard, represented with small
THE LORD MAYOR OF LONDON (ALDERMAN POLYDORE DE KEYSER) AT BRUSSELS.
success at the Theatre Lyrique. One of the authors of the
libretto of this piece is Victor Capoui, the celebrated tenor,
who also sings the leading role. Unfortunately. Capoui is no
longer young and handsome, and his voice cannot be said to
exist now-a-days, so that Capottl on the stage as a tenor is a
sad spectacle. At tho Eden Thdatre the old fairy piece “ Le
Pied de Mouton ” has been revived and made the pretext for a
series of splendid ballets. Finally, the Nouveau Cirque has
reopened with a pantomime, “ Lulu,” and a number of acrobatic
and equestrian attractions. The programme of winter amuse¬
ments is thus complete and Paris hopes that the foreign
visiters will continue to come in spite of stupid decrees and
police vexations.
The painter Eugene Feyen-Perrin died suddenly of paralysis
on Oct. 14, at the age of fifty-nine. Chevalier of the Legion
of Honour, bearer of the three medals which the hierarchy of
the Salon awards, member of the jury and a constant exhibitor,
Feyen-Perrin was, nevertheless, by no means a great artist.
His best work is a combination of genre and marine, like the
- Cancale Fisherwomen,” in tho Luxembourg Museum. Leon
Longepied died, at the age of thirty-nine. He obtained a
first-class medal and the Prix du Salon in 1882 ; his group,
“ Immortality,” figures in the Luxembourg. 1- L.
LORD MAYOR OF LONDON IN BRUSSELS.
The Right Hon. Alderman Polydore De Keyset-, this year Lord
Mayor of London, is a native of Belgium ; and in revisiting his
birthplace, Termondo. and more recently in the capital city,
where the International Exhibition has attracted many English
visitors, our Lord Mayor has enjoyed the hearty congratulations
of the Belgian people. On Tuesday, Oct a banquet was
given in his honour, in the Gothic hall of the Hotel de Ville,
by the burgomasters, aldermen, and councillors of Belgian
cities and towns, whom the Lord Mayor entertained in London
last May. The principal guests were the Lord Mayor and the
Lady Mayoress, cx-Kheriff and Mrs. Davies, ex-Sheriff and
Miss Higgs. Lord Vivian, the Belgian Minister of Public
Works, and Mr. Soulsbv, the Lord Mayor's secretary. The
Monday brought with it a change of no small importance
to the trading interests of Hamburg. On that day the city
made a dual surrender of its old historical privilege as a free
port, and will henceforth be included, by its own consent, in
the general German Zollverein.
British section, and to the services which the Lord ^ a J or »
who was * an honour to both Belgium and England.’ had
rendered to the Exhibition. The Lord Mayor returned thanks,
in the name of the Corporation of London, for the honour
done him in Brussels, Dendermonde, and Ghent.
A brilliant audience assembled at the Opera at night, for
the gala performance of “Faust” in honour of the Lord
Mayor, who, with his party, occupied the central box, wincn
was beautifully decorated. The orchestra played “God save
the Queen,” amid great enthusiasm. ,
An address has been sent to the Lord Mayor by the
presidents, vice-presidents, and jurors who represented the
British Empire at the Brussels Exhibition (Messrs. Oldham
rumhnrc v.Ttneh Fmmpvsnn. Deverell. Wadsworth,Kendrick.
Burgomaster of Brussels first proposed the health of Queen
Victoria and the King and Queen of the Belgians. He next
drank to the health of the Lord Mayor, whom the Belgians
were proud to see occupying his high position, of the Lady
Mavoress. and of the ex-Shcriffs.
T Next day, Oct. 10, the Lord Mayor and the ex-Sheriffs were
received at’the Exhibition by the Executive Committee and
the English Commissioners, and visited all the sections. After¬
wards a lunch was given in the Salle de Fete. Next to
If. Sonz^e, President of the Exhibition, sat the Lord Mayor :
the United States Minister, the Belgian Minister of Public
Works, the Roumanian Minister, and the Burgomaster and
Aldermen of Brussels were present. M. Souzee proposed
the health of the King, the Queen, and the Royal family, and
of Queen Victoria. He referred to the splendid success of the
tfrinsn umpire no me diuswis .
Chambers, E. Bush, Emmerson, Deverell, Wadsworth, KendncK.
Pyne, MacNaught, Kent, Delacre, and Ladec), in which they
express to him, as the president of the British Committee,
their appreciation of the services rendered by Mr. Lee-Uapty
as British Commissioner-General. While nearly all the otne
sections in the Exhibition have been subsidised by tneur
respective Governments, Mr. Lee-Bapty has, at his own per¬
sonal expense and without any hope of remuneration, carnea
out the work of his department in such a manner as to niaKe
the section contrast favourably with all the other courts, llte
British was the only section which was completed at the open¬
ing of the Exhibition. _
The church Bartou-le-Cley, Beds, has received a beautiful
three-light east window from the stulios of Messrs. D*a.
and Co.
OCT. 20, 18S8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE COURT.
The Qneen. dnring her stay in Scotland, has enjoyed excellent
health. It is stated that tho Conrt will leave Balmoral for
Windsor about Nov. 14. On the afternoon of Oct. 10 her
Majesty, accompanied by Princess Frederica, and attended by
Lady Ampthill. drove to Mar Lodge, and honoured the Earl
of Fife with a visit. Princess Alice of Hesse took leave of
her Majcstv, and left the castle, for Germany. Prince and
Princess Henry of Battenberg accompanied the Princess
to Ballater station. Viscount Cross had tho honour of
dining with the Queen and the Royal family. On the
following morning the Queen, accompanied by Princess
Beatrice, went out . and her Majesty, with Priucess Beatrice,
Prince Arthur and Princess Margaret of Connaught, drove to
Birkhall in tho afternoon to visit her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Albany. Viscount Cross hud again tho honour of
dining with the Queen and Royal family. On tho morning of
the 12th the Queen went out with Princess Beatrice: and in
the afternoon her Majesty, accompanied by Princess Beatrice
and attended by Lady Ampthill, drove through Bailator to
Panuanioh Wells. The Princess of Wales, with Princesses
Louisa, Victoria, and Maud of Wales, dined with the Qneen.
Sir Dighton Probyn, in attendance on her Royal Highness the
"princess of Wales, and Viscount Cross had the honour of being
invited. The Qneen went out on the morning of the 13th, accom¬
panied by Princess Beatrice. The Dnchess of Albany, with the
young Duke and Princess Alice of Albany, visited her Majesty,
and remained at Balmoral Castle to luncheon. In the afternoon
the Qneen, with the Princess of Wales, Princess Beatrice, and
Princesses LonUe and Mand of Wales, drove out. The Very
Rev. James Cameron Lees, D.D., Dean of the Thistle and of tho
Chapel Royal, Chaplaiu to the Queen, arrived at the castle.
Visoonnt Cross and the Very Rev. Dr. Lees had the honour of
dining with the Queen and the Royal family. Divine service
was performed at Balmoral Castle on Sunday morning, the 14th,
in the presence of the Queen and Royal family and the Royal
household. The Very Rev. James Cameron Lees, D.D., Dean
of the Thistle and of tho Chapel Royal, Chaplain to .the Qneen,
officiated. The Princess of Wales. Prince Albert Victor, and
Princesses Louise and Maud of Wales, attended by Sir Dighton
and Lady Probyn and Miss Knollys, drove from Abergeldie
and attended Divine service at the castle. Their Royal High¬
nesses afterwards came over, and Inncbed with the Qneen.
Prince and Princess Henry of Battenberg lunched at Abergeldie
Mains. In the afternoon her Majesty drove to Abergeldie,
accompanied by Princess Beatrice and attended by Lady
Ampthill, and visited the Princess of Wales. The Earl of
Fife. K.T., arrived at Balmoral Castle, and. with Visoonnt Cross
and the Very Rev. Dr. Cameron Lees, had the honour of dining
with the Queen and Royal family in the evening. The Queen
went out on the morning of the lath with Princess Beatrice; and
in the afternoon her Majesty drove out. acoompanied by Princess
Beatrice, and attended by Lady Ampthill and the Dowager
Marchioness of Ely. Viscount Cross and the Very Rev. Dr.
Cameron Lees had the honour of dining with the Queen and
tho Royal family. The Earl of Fife has left the castle.
The Prince of Wales and the Crown Prince Rudolph
returned to Vienna on Oct. 12 from Transylvania; and in tho
evening witnessed, with the Emperor and other members of
the Imperial family, the last performance in the Old Barg
Theatre. On the 13th the Prince of Wales gave a luncheon at
451
the Grand Hotel, the guests nfc which included Sir A. Paget,
the British Ambassador, and Lady Paget. Mr. E. Phipps. First
Secretary of Embassy, General Keith Fraser, the Military
Attache, and Mrs. Fraser, the members of his Royal Highness’s
suite, and the Austrian officers in attendance on the Prince. At
three o'clock the Prince proceeded to Laxenburg, to be present
at a dinner given in his honour by the Crown Prince Rudolph
and the Crown Princess. In the course of the afternoon
cards were left on his Royal Highness by the King of
Servia and the Archdukes Charles Louis and Ferdinand.
On the 14th the Prince of W'ales was the guest of the Emperor,
who entertained him, together with King Milan, at the Hof-
burg, at Vienna. After the Court dinner the Emperor and his
guests drove to the new Burg Theatre, to attend the first per¬
formance. On Sunday, the 13th, the Prince of Wales visited
the International Exhibition of Amateur Photographers. His
Royal Highness remained nearly an hour, and greatly com¬
mended tbe English section. The Prince was present for a
few minutes at the soiree given at the Grand Hotel, Vienna,
by the Intendnnt-General of the Conrt theatres. The Prince
of Wales slept in a saloon-carriage at the Southern Railway
Station at night, and left early on the 15th with the Crown
Prince for Neuberg. in Styria, returning to Vienna in the even-
ing. The Prince received a farewell visit from the Emperor
of Austria on the Ifitb, and left Vienna for Paris by ihe Orient
express at five o’clock. Crown Prince Rudolph attended at
the station to wish his Royal Highness “Good-bye." There
were also present Sir Augustus and Lady Paget, the members
of the Embassy, and Mr. Gustav Nathan, Consul-General. His
Royal Highness has left a sum of money with the Ambassador
for distribution among tbe charities of Vienna and Bada-Pesth.
SCENE FROil THE NEW COMEDY OF " MAMMA" AT THE COURT THEATRE.
DETECTIVE POLICE 151.00IMOt'XUS.
Sir Charles Warren, the Chief Commission m- of tin- Metro¬
politan Police, on Tuesday, Oct. !l. witnessed in the park a
private trial of two bloodhounds, the property of Mr Edwin
Brough, of Wyndyate, near Scarborough. That gentleman
natl been communicated with by the Metropolitan Police us to
tho utility of employing bloodhounds to truck criminals, and
came to London, bringing with him the fine animals named
Champion Barnahy and Burgho. Burgho is nearly two years
younger than his kennel companion lie is a blaek-and-tan
powerful, well-formed, and well-grown ; his head measures
Mr V a ! 0n ? th - and hft >-s one of tire fastest hounds
Mf. Brongh has ever bred. Burgho lias been trained
irotn a pappy to hn nt .. the olcan 8ho e "-that is to
f °‘ lo ' v a th ? trail of a man whose shoes have not
affiseerTan',! 6 '] T a " y way b - v the application of blood or
Si hr r u a strongly-marked trail. Barnahy has
uatll h^ wi y t "f ht; bHt , his traini "S ' vas ,10t commenced
aconatel L tn,eIv , C . mo,ltIls old - The hounds have been
ailvantasro i working together, which is a considerable
vKwfckC* *' rr Bro,, » h sfated that Bis
paante, f n ,. “ " th ® bo , ands ,s 08 folI °" s : —When they are
about 100 vards fi to ? 0 ? th8 ? ld ’ he & ives them short runs of
encourage the vomgT" W,th gl ™ and " p wi '.d. T °
them J noiShfe n?n d0gS ’ cve , r - vthl "S is made as easy for
always someone whm?«. n, *Z " lora they are going to run is
the puppies before h* tbey kn0 £; and he caresses and fondles
him start and the Bt “ rta - , The do ? 9 are allowed to see
possible and con wal^'i? rry of si = ht as Thickly as
the exact Tbe trainer ’ who “ ust
the line and ’ las taken, puts the puppies on
follow np the trail DaL** ^Bem by voice and gesture to
litter, perhaps all of the lke y at first that some of the
peinaps all of them, will not put their noses down or
•ed ot them .
uu me tr:
them along until they reach the man, and lie reward's tho_.
with some dainty. This is repeated, until very soon tile
hounds know what is required of them, and ollce started on
tire trail work for themselves. The difficulties are gradually
increased, hut not until they are twelve months old can the
animals be taught to go across country. Eventually, they can
he trained to cross roads and brooks, and when they are at
fault, say by overrunning the line, they will make their
own casts and recover the track. Mr. Brough tried Barnahy
and Burgho in Regents Park early on Monday morn¬
ing, Oct. S. The ground was thickly coated with hoar
frost, but they did their work well, successfully track¬
ing for nearly a mile a young man, who was given about
fifteen minutes start. They were tried again in Hyde Park
at night, when it was dark, and the dogs were hunted on
a leash. They were again successful in performing their task.
At seven o'clock next morning a trial took place before Sir
Charles Warren, when half a dozen runs were made. Sir
Charles Warren in two instances acting as the hunted man. In
every instance the dogs hunted persons who were complete
strangers to them, and occasionally the trail would be crossed
When this happened the hounds were temporarily cheeked,
but either one or the other would pick up the trail again. In
one of the longest courses the honnds were checked at half
the distance; Bnrgho van back, but Bamabv. making a fresh
cast forward, recovered the trail and ran the quarry home.
Ihe hound did this entirely unaided by his master. In con¬
sequence of the coldness of the scent, the honnds worked very
slowly, bnt they demonstrated the possibility of tracking
complete strangers on whose trail they had been. laid.
'■ IMA JIM A,
at hie a Pi w COURT.
Mr George Short, solicitor, assistant to tho late Town
Uerk, has been appointed Town Clerk of Exeter.
Mrs. John Wood has secured a diverting, if not wholly pleasant
opening piece for the new Court Theatre in Mr. Sydney
Grundy s smart English version of the amusing French
comedy, “ Les Surprises dn Divorce.” This new May might
suitably have been entitled, to paraphrase a recent newspaper
controversy -Is Divorce a Failure?” so palpably does it
demonstrate that complications and relationships of the most
awkward nature may possibly arise from the process of
untying and retying the matrimonial knot. How con¬
fusion becomes worse confounded in the family circles
Mrs. John Wood invades as the ruthless “Mamma’’-in¬
law, Mrs. Jannaway, is indicated in our Artist's Illustration of
Mamma. Mrs. Jannaway. formerly a star of the ballet, first
drives her son-in-law, Jack Pontifex, into such a rage that he
gladly welcomes divorce from his wife to rid himself of Mrs. J.’s
reign of terror. Jack re-enters the married state only to find
he is again related to the redoubtable Mrs. Jannaway in¬
asmuch as that lady’s divorced daughter espouses hm’new
father-in-law, Miles Henniker ! Much merriment is provoked
by a snceesaion of eomplieaUois and perplexing situations of
the typesketched Here theastonisbed dramatis personas are Mis!
John Wood herself, Mr. Charles Groves, and Mr. John Hare in
the parts of Mrs Jannaway, Uncle Cochrane, and troubled
M Ck a Tn ntl r X i " h ? n lb ' 13 added that Mc ' Jot n Hare and
Mr Arthur Cecil are humorous m the extreme as Jack Pontitex
and the well-preserved beau Miles Henniker ; that Mr Erie
Lewis makes a good character-study of the susceptible Tom
Shadbolt; and that both Miss Filippi and Miss Annie Hughes
are captivating as Jack's first and second wives, enough jswid
to indicate it may be some time yet before Mr. Pinero’s new
comedy is required for the new little playhouse adjoining
Unghter qUar<; btotlon ' Tho ncw Court '‘^htly resounds with
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 20, 1888 — 488
I. KKNNUIOTOif, EXHIBITED L\ THE BOYAL ACADEMY.
<>.' '1. 21, ] KS
L r >t
THE ILLTJ STRATET) LONDON NEWS
MOW HOOKS.
S,ms Urt ir a : Hit Lite and Jhrolhetions. written by Himself
(Simpkin, Marshall, and Cn.).—This eminent vocal artist,
who during- forty-live years has enjoyed more celebrity than
any other Englishman in his profession, should command our
serious attention in expressing any decided opinions with
regard to the prospects of musical entertainments, especially
of the opera and of the oratorio, which just now seem in this
country to he rather uncertain. His hook, which is far from
being a complete autobiography, though it relates many
detached anecdotes of his long anil successful public career,
does not give so much light on those subjects as might be
desired. Hut some of his incidental remarks confirm the
views recentlv set forth bv Mr. Sutherland Edwards
and by .Mr. Mapleson concerning the baneful effects, in
operatic representation, of inordinate favour bestowed on
the -prima donna." It came to such a pass that the
combined execution of a musical drama, in which both
the singing anti the acting oi the several leading parts
ought to be of justly proportioned excellence and im¬
portance, bearing a vital relation to one another, and to be in
harmony with the general design of the whole composition, is
sacrificed to a single female vocalist, monopolising attention
for the display of her individual talent, Madame Patti's voice
might be worth paying for. in America, at the rate of nearly
half a dollar for every note that it tittered ; but if little care
was taken, and if the manager could no longer afford, to bring
upon the stage, with such a soprano, corresponding voices and
figures of adequate distinction in the tenor, baritone, bass,
and secondary female parts, there was not an effective repre¬
sentation. The opera is a concerted play, as well in the
musical ns in the dramatic sense; and the singing of every
air and chorus, and every passage of recitative, should be con¬
sidered as having an organic relation to all the other music,
from first to last; so, in acting a play of Shakspeare's, every
scene, every sjteech or piece of dialogue, every movement or
gesture, should be studied as bearing on the whole action. It
is confessed that the lyric theatre, at least in England, has of
late years been prevented, by causes which need not again be
specified, from complying with this essential condition of its
noble artistic mission. We fear that the remedy cannot be
supplied without a reform of the public taste which as yet
makes no signs of its approach. Mr. Sims Reeves, as a great
tenor, an accomplished musician, and in former times admired
for his interpretation of dramatic music on the stage, is
entiLled to record his protest against the existing custom in
operatic performance. It is to lie hoped that he wiil deal more
largely with this question in a second volume which he intends
to publish next year. 11c must not take it amiss that
we cannot, from a literary point of view, award much
praise to the volume he lias put before us. There are
chapters in which he simply notes the particulars of his chief
engagements. These extend from lsil'.l. when, in his eighteenth
year, he first appeared on the stage at Newcastle-on-Tyne, and
through his early experinces at Drury-Lane, at the La Scala
Theatre at Milan, again at Drury-Lane with M. Jullien's com¬
pany. in December. 1st7, anti in oratorio at Exeter Hall, after¬
wards at Iler Majesty's Theatre under Mr. Lnmlev, and in 1849
at t'ovent-Clardcn.also in Paris at the Theatre ties Italiens. and
here again in Macf.arren s English opera of “ Robin Hood."
We are told likewise of liis services to the Sacred Harmonic
Society, and to the Handel Festivals at the Crystal Palace, and
of some later incidents. Those who can personally remember
the entire course of his performances in London, and his recep¬
tion in other large towns of the United Kingdom, may not un¬
willingly read once more, in these pages, extracts from the public
journals of the day, appreciating Ill's merits with enlogy that
was scarcely beyond his desert. These notices, however, do not
materially contribute to the information required for a
thorough understanding of the history of musical art in
England during the past forty or fifty years. They are un¬
happily intermixed, not with details of his private life, which
the judicious reader certainly would not expect, but with
sketchy little tales, apparently of a fictitious character, only
fit for the Penny Weekly Sarelettr. Mr. Sims Reeves, like
many other excellent persons, who are clever and have proved
their masterly skill in their own profession, indulges the
whim of writing stories for public reading, but with a crude¬
ness of conception, an ineffective resort to sensational topics,
in a tone of sentimentalism that is not impressive, and in the
stale, worn-out verbiage of a second-hand romantic style,
which no cultivated mind can endure. “A Park Record,”
‘ An Astral Double," “ The Bishop's Daughter." “ A Railway
Tragedy.” "A Political Vivien." -Willard O'Neill.” " Norah
Leslie," "A Star of Bethlehem," "The Ring.” and one or two
more of such fantastic talcs, were not worth printing any¬
where ; and their omission from the autobiography of Mr.
Sims Reeves would he a great improvement.
The Life and Ad renin res of III muml Kean. Tragedian. By
,T. Fitzgerald Molloy. Two vols. (Ward and Downey).—The
criticism of theatrical performances, anti the average standard
of taste and judgment in a London audience, in the early part
of the nineteenth century, would appear to have been quite as
good as it is now. When such writers as liazlitt, Coleridge,
anti Charles Lamb were devoting much of their study to
appreciate the excellence of dramatic representations, while in
the pit of Drnry-Lanc or Covent-Garden the front benches
were often filled with men of education and cultivated minds,
belonging to the professional and mercantile classes, the merits
of an actor might perhaps he as justly estimated as at the present
d iv. 1 1 was*in those days, from the beginning of the year 1X14,
continuing about ten years, that Edmund Kean was hailed as
the greatest of impersonators of Shakspeare's tragic characters ;
anti we arc disposed to believe in the truth of this verdict. Not
that he was the greatest of all actors of Shakspeare; for that
dignity was awarded to Garrick in a preceding age of highlv-
rclined criticism, and Garrick's versatility had the widest
range over the diverse moods and phases of human character.
Edmund Kean was no humourist, but an absolute tragedian of
extraordinary power and depth, whose "Richard III.,"
"Macbeth." ■"Othello." and "Sir Giles Overreach" have
perhaps never been surpassed, though one can scarcely believe
in him asa representative of the balancing, wavering resolve of
"Hamlet." in expressing the persistency of intense passion
ami ruthless ambition, and the reaction of despair hurrying
■ its victim to death, lie seems to have been unequalled. This
personal biography, though not a work of remarkable insight
or literary finish, has great interest ns the narrative of an
adventurous life—a very sail story, at the end. for Kean was
disgracedand prematurely destroyed bv the conse indices of his
gross misconduct—and as affording lively views of the kinti
of society in which he lived, with the figures of other
notablo actors anil actresses, managers, and patrons of
the drama, from eighty to sixty years ago. The child¬
hood of Edmund Kean, born in 1787. the illegitimate son
of an obscure actress, Nance Carey, ami brought tip by the
kindness of Miss Tidswell and Sirs. Clarke, who encouraged
his precocious genius, is related in a sympathetic manner, with
a certain foretaste of the moral and social perils that must
beset his future life. With a frank, ardent, generous and
aspiring temper, he probably inherited a tendency to intoxica¬
tion. and liability to fits of violence from offended pride, and
to wild impulses defying social restraints ; yet he was affec¬
tionate, confiding, and generally benevolent, and had a high
sense of honour. The early struggles, the sudden rise to fame
and prosperity, the ruiuons errors, and the melancholy fall of
snch a man, hurled at last by his own infatuation from the
summit of fortune and renown, present on instructive theme
of contemplation. In his sixteenth year, in 181H1, he first joined
a regular theatrical company, and wandered about England,
Wales, and Ireland, precariously earning a wretched pittance,
with a young wife and children to support. He was at length
engaged by Elliston, at what is now called the Olympic
Theatre, for three guineas a week ; but having, through
the friendly efforts of the Rev. Dr. Drury, head-master of
Harrow School, obtained a much better engagement at Drury-
Lmc. with a salary of eight guineas, he broke his promise to
Elliston. His performance as Shylock. on Jan. 26, 1814, was
declared by Hazlitt, in the Morning Chronielr. to be " the first
gleam of genius breaking over the gloom of the stage." Kean
had. in its utmost force, the keenness—no pun intended—bnt
the intense significance of purpose, the vehemence of feeling,
that John Kemble lacked, with ail his statuesque dignity.
Public opinion was stormed by the spontaneous, heartfelt
applause of his audience ; the Drury-Lane treasury received
£4921 for fourteen nights of his Shylock ; anti the managing
committee of amateurs, with just liberality, instantly raised
his salary to £20 a week. His Richard III., produced in
February, was not less applauded ; the Examiner, probably
Leigh Hunt, described it as “a piece of noble poetry ex¬
pressed by action.” Among the Drury-Lane committee, with
the Earl of Essex, Mr. Douglas Kinnaird, and Mr. Whitbread,
M.P., was Lord Byron, who wrote of Kean in his
diary, “ By Jove 1 he is a sonl, he is a man ; life, nature, truth,
without exaggeration or diminution." Byron, till he again
went abroad, made efforts to draw this great actor into a
personal intimacy ; their minds were congenial, and, if Kean
had had the breeding and manners of a gentleman, they might
have become intimate friends. The strong dramatic capabil¬
ities of some characters in Byron's plays, to which the stage
has never yet done justice, might have been exhibited by
Kean. But Kean unhappily preferred low society, and was
shy, dull, and rudely negligent in meeting persons of rank and
fashion. He ran away from select dinner-parties arranged for
his sake, and drank to excess with noisy revellers in disorderly
clubs and taverns. There is a glimpse of such a meeting, “ the
Wolves," at the Coal Hole, in Fountain-court, Strand, for
which he would abruptly leave the supper company of peers,
gentlemen.-and scholars, while he shunned the drawing-rooms
of -admiring ladies. In the account of his theatrical con¬
temporaries at this period, Mr. Fitzgerald Molloy introduces
several famous personages; Kemble and his far more gifted
sister, Mrs. Siddons; tho precocious juvenile actor, Master
Betty, who had, however, been withdrawn from the stage a
few years before ; Elliston, tho comedian, a manager of com¬
manding impudence and of unscrupulous audacity, but a man
of considerable talent; Miss O'Neill, whose appearance as Juliet
was irresist i bly charming; and J unius Brutus Booth, the imitator
of Kean, ultimately a settler in America, whose descendant
was the author of a great political tragedy in recent history.
The characters, performances, and private fortunes of all these
notable members of the profession are well described ; and so
ore the early experiences of Macready, who first came before a
London audience in September, 1816, at Covent-Garden Theatre,
after several years of great success in the provinces. Some of
us, who can remember Macready on the stage, as well as
Phelps, and who recognise their great services to dramatic
art, and tlieir excellence in certain parts—those snstained by
Phelps being especially characteristic—will yet scarcely com¬
pare them with Edmund Kean in originality of genius. The
decline of Drury-Lane, owing to mismanagement by its com¬
mittee. and to the feeble administration of Stephen Kemble,
threw it into the hands of Elliston, whose rash experiments
soon ended in ruin. Kean went to America, and there, in the
winter of 1820, won immediate success, but gave bitter offence
at Boston by refusing to act when he happened to have a
scanty audience. On his return to London next year, he was
conducted to Drury-Lane by a grand procession of carriages,
and enjoyed, for a brief period, the highest honours and
largest emoluments of an actor’s career. His income rose to
£10,000 a year, but he indulged in the most prodigal ex¬
travagance, and his arrogance was unbounded. In 1827>,
the exposure of a disgraceful moral trespass, by a suit
which was brought against him for his intrigue with
the wife of a London Alderman, enabled his rivals and
enemies to organise a sort of conspiracy with the aim of
driving him from the stage. Riotous demonstrations were
got np at Drury-Lane and at some provincial theatres ; and in
his visit to America, the same year, the scenes at New York,
Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore were still more violent.
Kean, who had already been separated from his faithful wife,
and had renounced his son Charles, then a lad of sixteen, for¬
bidding him to become an actor, was now completely demoral¬
ised ; symptoms of insanity were apparent in his demeanour.
One of his freaks in America was that of adopting the name
and costume of an Indian savage chief, and he made himself
ridiculous in many other ways. In 1827 he was again in
England, and was re-engaged at Drury-Lane, but with body
and mind fatally injured by habits of intemperance, so that he
lost the power of memory, and sometimes broke down in stage
performance. He lingered on, however, until May, 1833, in
slow decline, physical and mental, held the lesseeship of the
Richmond theatre, and on rare occasions played in London, but
wak only the wreck of what he had once been. It is satis¬
factory to observe that he was finally reconciled to his wife and
son ; and that in his last appearance, two months before his
death, in “ Othello ” at Coven t-Gardcn, Edmund Kean acted
with Charles Kean, who belongs to the time of our own
recollection. “ O God. I am dying—speak to them, Charles ! ”
broke from Othello's lips in the third act of the tragedy, and
were the last words uttered by this great tragedian on the
public stage.
Knight s Pietorial Shaksprrr. New Library Edition. Six
vols. (J. S. Virtue and Co.).—One of the most grateful recol¬
lections of our childhood is that of the monthly arrival of
" Parts " of the " Pictorial Shaksperc,” by which, and by the
“Pictorial History of England," the late Mr. Charles Knight
provided English families with reading best calculated to kindlo
a lifelong interest in the annals, the speech, and the literature
of their own country. We have felt much pleasure at the re¬
production of this excellent work, the concluding volume of
which is now published by tile firm of Messrs. J. S. Virtue and
Co., Limited, with all the old and familiar engravings, mostly
designed by the late Mr. William Harvey, but many by W. II.
Prior. G. F. Sargent, and H. Anelay, and some by T. Creswick,
J. R. Planchc. Eairholt. Poynter. and others. Apart from the
question of more or less successful nttempts by an illustrative
nrtist to depict the ideal figures, groups, and actions of dramatic
poetry—a practice which may often disturb and embarrass,
rather than assist, the reader's imagination—there is much
utility in the subordinate delineation of accessories, oostume,
buildings, furniture, utensils, anil weapons, views of placts,
towns, streets, and the interior of houses, castles, churches’
battle-fields, and authentic portraits. It was a great merit of
Mr. Charles Knight's publications that he first made abundant
use of these moans of illustrating the text of Shakspeare, os
well as the narrative of English history compiled under his
direction ; and it had a good effect in supplying a thousand
visible links of association between the actual scenes and
incidents of past national life and the conceptions of our chief
national poet. The minute and systematic investigations of
the text of Shakspeare, and of all Elizabethan literature, which
have been proceeding for some thirty venrs, may very probably
have lessened the value of Mr. Knight's labours as a scholarly
critic of the authenticity and purport of dubiouB phrases, the
arrangement of words and syllables, the punctuation, or the
rhythm and the verse. Great additions have also been made
to the collection of materials for explanatory comment, and
for exhibiting the manner in which Shakspeare's con¬
temporaries or predecessors, and foreign or ancient authors,
may have treated the same topics of fiction or reality, and may
sometimes have chanced on similar fancies or reflections. As
a branch of learning, which may even be carried to the excess
of pedantry, this sort of collateral study of Shakspeare has
been enormously developed since Charles Knight's time ; but
his notes and commentaries are still worthy of attention. In
any case, the “ Pietorial Shaksperc ” is a very pleasant ono
to rend. It consists of the •’Comedies," in two volumes ; the
“ Historical Plays,” in two volumes ; " Tragedies " and “ Poems,"
in one voinmc; and in the Inst volume, " Doubtful Plays,"
those of “ Titns Andronicus,” “ Pericles," and " The Two Noblo
Kinsmen,” with others which have been ascribed to Shakspeare ;
also with Mr. Knight's “History of Opinion on the Writings
of Shakspeare,” and some notice of the study of our great poet
in Germany and France.
“WIDOWED AND FATHERLESS.”
It is a touching Beene of domestic life, under the depressing
influence of an untimely bereavement, that is represented in
this picture, which some of our readers may have noticed at
the Royal Academy Exhibition. The death of the husband
and father has left this woman and her two girls, one of
them stricken with disease, in the straits of poverty ; and we
observe the scanty furniture of their attie-room, their humble
attire, and the careworn look of the widow's face, as she stops
for a moment in plying her industrious needle, to glance with
tender anxiety at her suffering child. The latter, indeed, may
only have closed her eyes, as some do, under the stress of
pain, or may have dropped into brief slumber, guarded
by sisterly affection. The family history must be a sad one ;
yet there "will remain to these mourners, in future months or
years, let ns hope, the chances of a return of ordinary homo
comforts; bnt in any case, the reflection that they have not
failed in love and duty to each other, in the trials which they
now endure.
REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS IN PARIS.
The Government of the French Republic, by a simple admin¬
istrative decree, has recently ordered that all foreigners who
take up their settled residence in France, or who intend stay¬
ing a long time in that country, shall undergo compulsory
registration. This rule has long prevailed in most other great
Continental States of Europe. It will not be enforced on
those who merely visit Paris for pleasure or business, or mere
tourists, or sojourners at snch places as Boulogne or Dieppe
in tho summer, or at Pau or Biarritz, or Nice or Cannes, or
Aix-les-Bains, at any time of the year. The order seems
intended as a precaution against tho continuous operations of
cosmopolitan agents of the Communist and Anarchist factions,
and may perhaps only be made applicable through special
instructions to the Prefects of Departments in which large
cities and manufacturing towns arc situated, liable to become
the scenes of subversive conspiracies or commotions. Paris and
Lyons are named in the decree of President Carnot, which was
signed on Oct. 2, and is accompanied by a report from M. Floquct.
Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior, recommending
the adoption of this measure. Every foreigner not legally
domiciled in France, who intends to reside there, iiiust now,
within fifteen days of his arrival, present himself, if in Paris,
to the Prefecture of Police, and, in other parts of the country,
at the Mairie of the parish, to make a declaration of his name
and those of his father and mother, his nationality, the place
and date of his birth, the place where he last resided, his pro¬
fession or trade or means of subsistence, and the names and
ages of his wife and children accompanying him in France.
We can well remember that, some thirty years ago. an English¬
man staying for one night at an hotel in nil Italian city was
obliged to furnish the landlord of the hotel with all tins
information to be reported to tho police; this was in Turin,
the capital of the free kingdom of Sardinia, in 1S.>7. In Paris,
however, where passports have of late years not been required,
the new regulation has caused a little uneasiness among the
numerous Belgian, German, and Italian immigrants. \\ e refer
to our Artist's Sketches of the scenes and individual figtms
daily describing themselves at the Prefecture of Police. They
exhibit an odd collection of specimens of foreign nationalities,
and a variety of classes and characters, over which it may be
needful to exercise dne supervision. No fee is imposed on
applicants for this registration.
What a medley the Parisian population is may be judged
from the classification of one day's registrations Germans,
321 ; Americans, 53 ; English, 111 ; Argentines, 2 ; Austrians,
101 ; Belgians,510 ; Brazilians, 5 ; Bulgarians,:! ; Chilians. 2 ;
Colombians, 6 ; Danes. 7 ; Egyptian. 1 ; Spaniards, 24 ; Greeks,
5; Dutchmen. 66; Italians, 320; Japanese, 3; Luxem-
burgers, 139; Moor, 1 ; Norwegians, 4; Peruvians. 2; Rou¬
manians, IS; Russians, 108; Servian, 1 : Swedes, 14 : Swiss,
438 ; Turks, 14 ; Uruguayan, 1 ; and native of Dahomey, 1.
A fountain, presented by Mr. John Ail’d. M.P.. to the
Queen's Park, Kilburn, was opened on Oct. 11 in t-lie presence of
members of the Corporation of the City of London, by whom
the park is maintained.
The church of St. Stephen, HouubIow, has received an
addition to its stained glass, of two windows, from the studio
of Mr. Taylor, representing St. Thomas and St. James, studies
from Leonardo Da Vinci’s picture of " The Last Supper.”
POSTACE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
OCTOBER 20, 1888.
Subscribers will lease In notice that copies of this week's number rnwardetl
abroad must be prefiald according to the following nucs : t .
United States of America, and the whole of Europe, 'I .
Ttrojtenee-h «f/j tenny; Thin Kimth .
Oa|*c of (ioo,| Hope. Chinn (via United St
ilia. Brazil.
Jamaica, Mattritius. and
su'w Zealand ThiVk Kmtion, Threepence; Tins KMTinx. One l’** tiny.
To China (via Hhndisl). India, and Java. TuiCK EMTIO*, fouiyftitc-
halfpenny; Tins Editios, Thrte-halfpence.
Newspapers for foreign ]>art* must be posted within eight days of the
date of publication, Irrespective of the departure of the mails.
THE iLLUbTii AT Ei»
4o 5
REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS IN PARIS AT THE PREFECTURE OF POLICE.
456
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 20, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
CHAPTER XXIX.
WHAT CONDITIONS?
tin’ morning I awoke
with a lighter heart
tlum I had known for
n long time. Benjn-
luin was going to
release onr prisoui n !
I should go to meet
Robin at the gate of
his prison. All would
be well, except that
my father would never
recover. We should
return to the village and
everything would go on a •
before. Oh ! poor fond
wretch! how was I de¬
luded ! and, oh ! miserable
tiny that ended with such
shame and sadness, yet began
with so much hope !
Madam was already
dressed. She was sitting at
the window looking into the
churchyard. She had been
^ crying. Alas! how many wo¬
men in Somersetshire were
then weeping all day long!
we now have hope. We must not
to have at last n little
“ Madam,” I said, 1
weep und lament any more. ..... ... _, v ... ...... .. ..
hope—when we have lived so long in despair—it makes one
breathe again. Benjamin will save onr prisoners for us. Oh!
after all, it is Benjamin who will help us. We did not use
to love Benjamin, because he was rude and masterful and
wanted everything for himself and would never give up any¬
thing. Yet, you see, he had, after all, n good heart." Madam
groaned. ‘‘And he cannot forget, though lie followeth not
his grandfather’s opinions, that he is his Honour's grandson—
the son of his only daughter—and your nephew, nnl first
cousin to Robin, and second cousin once removed to Humphrey
and Burnaby ; playfellows of old. Why, these are ties which
bind him as if with ropes ! He needs must bestir himself to
save their lives. And since he says that he can save them, of
course he must have bestirred himself to some purpose. Weep
no more, dear Madam , your son will be restored to us ! We
shall be happy again—thanks to Benjamin ! ”
‘‘Child,” she replied, “ my heart is broken! It is broken, I
say! Oh, to be lying dead and at pca-e in yonder churchyard !
Never before did 1 think that it must be a happy thing to be
dead aud at rest, and to feel nothing and to know nothing ! ”
“ But, Madam, the dead are not in their graves. There
lie only the bodies. Their souls are above.”
“ Then they still think and remember. Oh! can a time
ever come when things can be forgotten ? Will the dead ever
cease to reproach themselves ? ”
She wrung her hands in an ecstacy of grief, though I
knew not what should move her so. Indeed, she was commonly
n woman of sober and contained disposition, entirely governed
both in her temper and her words. What was in her mind
that she should accuse herself K Then, while I was dressing,
she went on talking, being still full of this strong passion.
“ I shall have my boy back again,” she said. “Yes; he
will come back to me. And what will he say to me when I
tell him all ? Yet I mini have him back. Oh ! to think of the
hangman tying the rope about his neck”—she shuddered and
trembled—" and afterwards the cruel knife “—she clasped her
hands aud could not say the words—“I see the comely limbs
of my boy. Oh! the thought tears my heart—it tears me
through and through. I cannot think of anything else day
or night. And yet in the prison he is so patient and so cheer¬
ful. I marvel that men can be so patient with this dreadful
death before them.” She broke out again into auothcr passion
of sobbing and crying. Then she became calmer, and tried to
speak of things less dreadful.
“When first I visited my boy in prison,” she said,
“ Humphrey came humbly to ask my pardon. Poor lad! I
have hud hard thoughts of him. 1t is certain that he was in
the plot from the beginning. Yet had he not gone so far,
should we have sat down when the rising began ? But he doth
still accuse himself of rashness aud calls himself the cause of
all our misfortunes. He fell upon his knees, in the sight of
nil, to ask forgiveness, saying that it was he und none other
who had brought ruin upon us all. Then Robin begged me to
raise him up and comfort him, which I did, putting aside my
hard thoughts and telling him that, being such stubborn
Protestants, our lads could not choose but join the Duke
Whether he advised it or whether he did not. Nay, I told him
that Robin would have dragged him willy nilly. And so I
kissed him, aud Robin took him by the hand and solemnly
assured him that his grandfather had no such thought in his
mind.”
“ Nay,” I said, “ my father and Barnaby would certainly
hnve joined the Duke, Humphrey or not. Never were any men
more eager for rebellion,”
“ I have been to London.” she went on. “ 'Tis a long
Journey and I effected nothing; for the mind of the King, 1
was assured, is harder than the nether millstone. My brother-
in-law, Philip Boscorel, went with me, and I left him there. But
1 have no hope that he will be able to help us, hiB old friends
being much scattered and many of them dead, and some hostile
to the Court and in ill-favour. So I returned, seeing that, if
1 could not save my bou I could be with him until he died.
The day before yesterday he was tried-if you call that a trial
When hundreds together plead guilty and are all alike sentenced
to death.”
“ Have you seen him since the trial P ”
“ I went to the prison as soon as they were brought
back from court. Some of the people—for they were all
condemned to death—every one—were crying and lamenting.
And there were many women among them—their wives or their
mothers—and these were shrieking and wringing their hands;
so that it was a terrible spectacle. But some of the men called
for drink, and began to carouse, so that they might drown the
thought of impending death. My dear, I never thought to
look upon a scene so full of horror. As for onr own bovs, Robin
was patient and even cheerful; and Humphrey, leading us to
the most quiet spot in that dreadful place, exhorted us to lose
no time in weeping or vain laments, but to cheer and console
our hearts with the thought that death—even violent death—
is but a brief pang and life is but a short passage, and that
heaven awaits us beyond. Humphrey should have been a godly
minister, such is the natural piety and goodness of his heart.
Bo he spoke of the liappy meeting in that place of blessedness
Where earthly love would be purged of its grossness, and our
*AU Right* Retervd.
souls shall be so glorified that we shall each admire the beauty
and the excellence of the other. Then Robin talked of thee, my
dear, and sent thee a loving message, bidding thee grieve for
him, but not without hope - aud that a sure and certain hope—
of meeting again. There arc other things he bade me tell
thee; but now 1 tonnot!—oh, I must not! ”
“ Nay, Madam ; but if they arc words t’.iat he wished me to
hear”-
“ Why, they were of his constant love aud-and—no, I can¬
not tell them! ”
“ Well,” I said, “ fret not thy poor heart with thinking any
more of the prison; for Benjamin will surely save him, and
then we shall love Benjamin all ox.r lives.”
“ He will, perhaps, save him. And yet ”—slic turned her
head—“oh. how can 1 tell Aer.'—we shall shed many more
tears. How can I tell her f How call I tell her.'”
Bo she broke off again, but presently recovered and went
on tulking. In time of great trouble the mind wanders back¬
wards and forwards, and though one talks still, it is dis-
jointedly. So she went back to the prison.
“The boys have been well, though the prison is full and
the air is foul. Yet there hath been ns yet no fever, for
which they are thankful. They hud no money, the soldiers
who tock them prisoners having robbed them of their
money, and, indeed, stripped them as well to their shirts,
telling them that shirts were good enough to be hanged in.
Yet the people of Exeter have treated the prisoners with great
humanity, bringing them doily food aud drink, so that there
has been nothing lacking. The time, however, doth hang
upon hands in n place where there is nothing to do all
day but to think of the past and to dread the future. One
poor prisoner, 1 was told, had gone distracted with the terror
of this thought. Child, every day that I visited my son,
while he talked with me, always cheerful and smiling, my
mind turned continually to the scaffold und the gibbet.”
Then she returned to the old subject from which she
could in no way escape. “ 1 saw the hangman. I saw my
son hanging to" the shameful tree-oh! my son ! my son !—
till I could bear it no longer and would hurry away from
the prison and walk about the town over the fields —yea, all
night long—to escape the dreadful thought. Oh ! to be "blessed
with such a son and to have him torn from my nrnts for
such a death ! If lie had been killed upon the field of battle
'twould hnve been easier to bear. But now he dies daily—
he dies a thousand deaths in my mind. My child ! ’’—she
turned again to the churchyard “ the rooks are cawing in
their nests; the sparrows and the robins hop among the graves;
the dead hear notliil g; all their troubles are over, all their
sins arc forgiven.”
I comforted her as well ns I could. Indeed, I understood
not at all what she meant, thinking that perhaps all her
trouble had caused her to be in that frame of mind when a
woman doth not know whether to laugh or to cry. And then,
taking my basket, I sallied forth to provide the day’s pro¬
visions for my prisoners.
“ Barnaby,” I said, when he came to the wicket, “ I have
good news for thee.”
“ What good news ? That I am to be flogged once a year
in every market-town in Somersetshire, as will happen to
young Tutchin?”
“No, no-not that kind of news. But freedom, Brother;
hope for freedom.”
He laughed. “ Who is to give us freedom ? ”
“ Benjamin hath found a way for the enlargement of all.”
“ Ben Boscorel? What ? will he stir finger for the sake of
anybody ? Then, Bis, if I remember Ben aright there will be
something for himself. But if it is upon Ben that we are to
rely we are truly well sped. On B.'n, quotha ! ”
“ My Brother, he told me so himself.”
“ Ware hawks. Sister. If Ben is at one end of the rope
and the hangman at the other, I think 1 know who will be
stronger. Well, Child, believe Ben if thou wilt. Thy father
looks strange this morning: be opened his eyes and seemed to
know me. I wonder if there is a change. 'Tis wonderful how
he lasts. There are six men sickened since yesterday of t ie
fever: three of them brought in last week are already dead.
As for the saiging that we used to hear, it is all over, and if the
men get drunk they are dumb drunk. Sir Chvistophi r looks
but poorly this morning. I hope he will not take the fever.
He staggered when he arose, which is a bad sign.”
“ Tell mother, Barnaby, what Bcujumiu hath undertaken
to do.”
“ Nay, that shall 1 not, because, look you, I believe it not.
There is some trick or lie at the bottom, unless Ben hath
repented and changed his disposition, which used to be two
parts wolf, one part bear, and the rest fox. If there were
anything left it was serpent. Well, Sister, I am no grumbler,
but I expect this job to be over in a fortnight or so, when they
say the Wells Assizes will be held. Then we shall all be
swinging, and I only hope that we may carry with us into the
court such a breath "of jail fever ns shall lay the Judge himself
upon his back aud end his days. In the next world he will
meet the men whom he has sentenced, aud it will fare worse
for him in their hands than with fifty thousand devils.”
So he took a drink of the beer, and departed within the
prison. And for many months I saw him no more.
On my way home f met Benjamin.
“ Hath Madam told you yet of my conditions?” he asked
eagerly.
“Not yet; she will doubtless tell me presently. Oh! what
matter for the conditions ? It can only be something good for
us, contrived by your kind heart. Ben. I have told Barnaby,
who will not believe in our good fortune.”
“It is, indeed, something very good for you, Alice, as
you will find. Come with me mid wnlk in the meadows
beyond the reach of this doleful place, where the air reeks
with jail fever and all day long they are reading the Funer.il
Service.”
So he led me out upon the sloping sides of a hill, where
we walked a while upon the grass very pleasantly, my mind
being now at rest.
“ You have heard of nothing,” he said, “of late, but of
the Rebellion and its consequences. Let us talk about
London.”
So he discoursed concerning his own profession aud his
prospects, which, he said, were better than those of any other
young lawyer, in his own opinion. “For my practice,” he
said: "I already have one which gives me an income far
beyond my wants, which are simple. Give me plain fare, and
for the evening a bottle or two of good wine, with tobacco,
and friends who love a cheerful glass. I ask no more. My
course lies clear before me: I shall become a King's Counsel;
I shall be made a Judge: presently, I shall become Lord
Chancellor. What did I tell thee. Child, long ago? Well,
that time lias now arrived.”
Still I was so foolish, being so happy, that I could not
understand what he meant.
“ I am sure, Benjamin,” I said, “ that we at home shall
ever rejoice and be proud of your success. Nobody will be
more happy to hear of it than Robin and I.”
Here he turned very red aud muttered something.
“ You find your happiness in courts and clubs and
London,” I went on; “as for Robin and myself, we shall
find ours in the peaceful place which we have always decided
to have.”
“What the Devil!” he cried; “she will not tell you
the conditions? She came with me for no other pur¬
pose. I have borne with her company all the way from
Exeter for this only. Go back to her, and ask what it is!
Go back, I say, and make her tell! What ? am I to take all
this trouble for nothing?”
His face became purple with Budden rage; his eyes grew
swiftly fierce, and he roared and bawled at me. Why, what
had 1 said ?
“ Benjamin,” I cried, “ what is the matter? How have I
angered you ?' ’
“Go back!” he roared again. “Tell her that if I
presently come and find thee still in ignorance’t will be the
worse for all.' Tell her that / say it. 'T will else be worse
for all! ”
CHAPTER XXX.
A SLIGHT THING AT THE BE8T.
So I left Benjamin, much frightened, and marvelling, both
at his violent passion aud at the message which he sent to
Madam.
She was waiting for me at the lodging.
“Madam,” I said, “I have seen Benjamin. He is very
angry. He bade me go home and ask you concerning his con¬
ditions. We must not anger our best friend, dear Madam.”
She rose from her chair and lagan to walk about, wringing
her bauds as if torn by some violent emotion.
“ Oh ! my child,” she cried; “ Alice, come to my arms—if
it is for the last time—my daughter. More than ever mine,
though I must never call "thee daughter.”
She held me in her arms, kissing me tenderly. “ My dear,
we agreed that no sacrifice could be too great for the safety of
our boy. Yes, we agreed to that. I ,ct us kiss each other before
we do a thing alter which we can never kiss each other again.
No, never again.”
“ Why not again. Madam ? ”
“Oh,” she pushed me from her, “it is now eight of the
clock; he will be here at ten ! 1 promised I would, tell thee
before he came ! Aud all is in readiness.”
“ For what. Madam? ”
Why, even then I guessed not her meaning, though I
might have done so; but I never thought that so great a
wickedness was possible!
“No sacrifice should be too great for us!” she cried,
clasping her head with her hands and looking wildly about.
“None too great! Not even the sacrifice of my own son’s
love—no; not that! Why, let us think of the sacrifices men
make for their country, lor their religion. Abraham was
ready to offer his sou, Isaac; Jephthah sacrificed his daughter;
King Mesial slew his eldest sou for a burnt offering. Thousands
of men die every year in battle for tlicir country. What have
we to offer ? If we give ourselves it is but a slight thing that
we offer at the best.”
“Surely, Madam,” I cried, “you know that we would
willingly die for the sake of Robin ! "
“Yes, Child; to die—to die were nothing. It is to live—
we must live—for Robin.”
“ I understand not, Madam.”
“ Listen then—for the time presses, aud if he arrives and
find that I have not broken the thing to thee, he will perhaps
ride back to Exeter in a rage. When I left my son after tne
trial, being very wretched and without hope, I found Benjamin
waiting for me at the prison gates. He walked with me to my
lodging, mid on the way lie talked of what was in my mind.
First, he said, that for the better sort there was little hope,
seeing that the King was revengeful and the Judge most
wrathful, and in a mood which allowed of no mercy. There¬
fore, it would be best to dismiss all hopes of pardon or of
safety either to these two or to the prisoners of llminstcr.
Now, when he had said this a great many times, we being now
arrived at my lodging, he told me that there was, in my case,
a way out of the trouble—and one way only: that if we con¬
sented to follow that way, which, lie said, would do no manner
of harm to either of us or to our prisoners, he would undertake
and faithfully engage to secure the safety of all our prisoners.
I prayed him to point out this way, and after much entreaty,
he consented.”
“What is the way?” I asked, having not the least
suspicion. And yet the look iu her eyes should have told me
what was coming.
“Is it true, Child, that long ago you were betrothed to
Benjamin ? ”
“ No, Madam. That is most untrue.”
“ He says that when you wore quite a little child he
informed you of his intention to marry you and none but you.”
“ Why, that is true, indeed.” And now 1 began to under¬
stand the way that was proposed ; and my heart sank within
me. “ That is true. But to tell a child such a thing is not a
betrothal.”
“ He says that only three or four years ago he renewed
that assurance.”
“ So he did; but T gave him no manner of encouragement.”
“ He says that he promised to roturu and marry you when
he had arrived at some practice, and that he engaged to
become Lord Chancellor and mnke you a Peeress of the
Realm.”
“ All that he said, and more. Y'et did I never give him the
least encouragement, but quite the contrary, for always have
I feared mid disliked Benjamin. Never at any time was it
possible for me to think of him in that way. That he knows,
and cannot pretend otherwise. Madam, doth Benjamin wish
evil to Robin because 1 am betrothed to him?”
“ lie also says, in his rude way—Benjamin was always a
rude and coarse boy—that lie had warned you, long ago, that
if anyone else come in his way he would break the head of
that man.”
“ Yes; I remember, now, that he threatened some violence.”
“ My dear”—Madam took my hand— “ his time of revenge
is come, lie says that lie has the life of the man whom you
love in liis own hands; and he will, he swears, break his head
for him, and so keep the promise made to you by tying the rope
round his neck, lly dear, Benjamin has always been stubborn
and obstiuatc from his birth. Stubborn and obstinate was he as
a boy; stubborn and obstinate is he now. He cares for nobody
in the world except himself; he has no heart; he lias no tender¬
ness ; lie has no scruples; if lie wants a tiling, he wiU trample on
all the world to get it, aud break all the laws of God. I know
wliat manner of life he leads. He is the friend and companion
of the dreadful Judge who goctli about like a raging lion.
Every night do they drink together until they are speechless
and cannot stand. Their delight it is to drink, and smoke
tobacco, with unseemly jests und ribald songs which would
disgrace the playhouse’or the country fair. Oh! ’t is the life
of a hog that he delights in! Yet, for all that, he is, like his
noble friend, full of ambition. Nothing will do but he must
rise in the world. Therefore, he works hard at his pro¬
fession—and ’ ’-
“ Madam—the condition !—what is the condition ? For
ul barred the way,
Boseorel stood before hi
FOB FAITH ANI) FREEDOM."—BY WALTER BESANT.
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS
OCT. 20, 1888
I ob
Heaven's sake tell m - quickly ! Is it:—is it:-—oil! no—no—
no Anything but thati "
“My chihl-my daughter”—she laid her hand upon my
head. “ It is that condition—that, and none other. Oh i
lay dear, it is laid upon thee to save us!—it is to bo thy work
alone—and by such a sacrifice as, 1 think, no woman ever yet
had to make ' Nav, perhaps it is better not to make it, after
idi. Let all die together, and let us live out our allotted lives
ill sorrow. 1 thought of it sill night, and it : earned better so¬
li tier even that thou ivert lviug in thv grave. His condition 1
Hhl he must be a d vil thus to biirter for the lives of his
grandfather and his cousin s-no human being, surely, would
do such a thing: the condition, mv dear, is that thou must
marry him- now : this very morning—mid this once done, he
will at once take such steps—I know not what they may be,
hut I take it that his friend the Judge will grant him the
favour—such steps, 1 say, as will release unto us all our
At first I made no answer.
"If not,” she aided after a while, “they shall till lie
surely hanged.”
I remained silent. It is not easy at such a moment to
collect one's thoughts and understand what tilings mean. I
asked her presently if there was no other way.
“ None." she said : “ there was no other way.”
“ What shall I do ? What shall I do ? ” 1 asked. “ God,
it seems, hath granted mv ilailv prayer ; but how ? Oh ! wlmt
shall I do ?”
“ Think of wlmt thou hast in thy power.”
“ Hut to main- him -to m irrv lieiijainin—oh ! to marry
him: How should 1 live? How should I look the world in
the fare t”
“ -My dear, there nre many other unhappy wives. There
are other husbands brutal anil selfish: there are other men ns
wicked as mv nephew. Thou wilt swear in church to love,
honour, and obey him. Thy love is already hate ; thy honour
is contempt; thy obedience'will be the obedience of a slave.
Yet death eometli at length, even to a slave and to the harsh
task-master.”
•■Uhl Mad mi. miserable indeed is the lot of those whose
only friend is death.”
She w u silent, leaving me to think of tills terrible
con 1 ton.
•‘ Wa it would Itobin say ? What would Humphrey say ?
Nay, w l it would his Honour himself say? ”
'•• Why, Child,” she replied, with a kind of lnugli, “ it
needs not a wizard to tell what they would say. For one and
all, they would rather go to the gallows than buy tlieir lives at
such a price. Thy brother llnruaby would mount the ladder
with a cheerful heart rather than sell liis sister to buy his life.
Tint w.- know already. Nay, we know more. For Itobin will
li ver forgive liis mother who suffered thee to do such a thing.
So shall 1 lose what 1 value more than life—the love of my
only son. Yet would I buy liis life at such a price. My
dear, if you lose your lover 1 lose my soil. Yet we will
save him, whether lie will or uo.” She took my hands anil
pressed them iu her own. “ My dear, it will be worse for me
than for you. Y'ou will liuve a" husband, it is true, whom you
will loathe; yet you will not see him, perhaps, for half the
day at least; and, perhaps, he will leave thee to thyself for
the other half, llut for me, I shall have to endure the loss of
my son’s affections all my life, because I am very sure and
certain that lie cun never forgive me. Think, my dear 1 Shall
they all die';— all 1—think of father and brother, and of your
motherl—or will you willingly endure a life of misery with
this man for husband iu order that they may live?”
“ till. Madam,” I said, “ as for the misery—any other kind
of misery 1 would willingly endure: hut’ it is marriage—
marriage’! Yet who am I that I should choose my sacrifice?
Oh. if good works were of any avail, then would the way to
heaven he opened wide for me by such all net mid such a life !
Oh, what will Itobin say of me’? Wlmt will he think of me?
Will he curse me and loathe me for being able to do this tiling ?
Should I doit? Isitiight? Doth God command it ? Y’ettosuvc
tlieir dear lives—only to s. t them free—to send that good old
Ilian back to his liom’i—to suffer my father to die in peace !—I
mast do it—I must do it 1 Yet Itobin could never forgive me.
(Ih lie told me that betrothal was a sacrament. I have sworn
to be his. Yet, to save his life, l cannot hesitate. If it is wrong, I
iruv that itobin will forgive me. Tell him—oh, tell him that it>is
who am to die instead of him. Perhaps the torn! will suffer
me to die quicklv. Tell him that 1 loved him, and only him ;
that I would rather have died; that for his life alone I would
not have done this thing, because lie would not have suffered
it. Hut it is for all—it is for nil 1 Oh : lie must forgive me 1
Some day you will send me a message of forgiveness from him.
llut I must, go nwuv and live in London, .far from all of yon ;
never to see him or any one of you again-not even my own
mother. 11 is too shameful n thing to do. And you will tell
liis Honour, who hath always loved me and would willingly
have called me his ginud-daughter. It was not that I loved
not itobin—God kuoweth that; bat for all—for him and
Itobin mid all-to save liis grev hairs from the gallows, anil to
send him hack to his home, ('ill ! tell him that ”-
“ Mv dear—mv dear,” she r. plied, but could say no more.
Then for a while we sat ill silence, with heating hearts.
“ I mu to purchase the lives of live honest null,” I' sai l
pns.'iitly, " bv my own dishonour. 1 know very well (lint it
is by niv dishonour and mv sill that their lives are to bo
bought. ' It doth not save me from, dishonour that I am first
to stand in the church and hc.mnvried according to the I’rayer-
Hook. Nav, does it not make the sill greater mill the. dis¬
honour more certain that I shall tir-t swear wlmt I cannot
ever prrform-to love mid honour that mail? ”
•• Yes. girl- ves!" said Madam. “ llut the sin is mine
more than yours’ Oh ! let me hear the sin upon myself."
“ You cannot, it is mv sin umi iny dishonour; liny, it is a
most dreadful wicked thing that I am to do. It is all the sins
ill one: 1 do lint honour iny parents ill thus dishonouring
myself; I kill myself-the woman that my Itobin loved; I
steal the outward form which belonged to Itobin and give it to
another: I live ill a kind of adultery. It is truly a terrible
sill in the sight of Heaven. Yet 1 will do it!—1 must do it 1
I love him so that 1 eannot let him die; rather let me be
overwhelmed with shame mid reproach if only he can live 1 ”
"Said I not, mv dear, that we two could ucicr kiss each
other again ? When two men have conspired together to
commit a crime they con-nrt no more together, it is said, but
go apart uiid loathe’inch other. So it is now with us.”
So 1 promised to do this tiling. The temptation was beyi n 1
mv strength. Yet had I possessed more faith I should have
refused. And then great, indeed, would have been my reward.
Alas ! how was 1 punished for my want of faith ! Well, it was
t„ save my lover. Ixive makes us strong for evil as a ell us
strong for good.
Aiul all the time, to think that we never inquired or proved
his promises '. To think Hint we n v. r thought of doubting or
lit asking how lie. n voting hurristir. should la- nl l • to save the
lives of four active rcl.cN, mi l one who had been zealous ill the
cause .’ That two worn a should have been so simple is now
astonishing.
When the clock struck ten I saw Benjamin walking across
the churchyard. It was part of the brutal nature of the man
that he should walk upon the graves, even those newly-made
and not covered up with turf. He swung his great burly
form, and linked i p at the window with a grin which made
Madam tremble und shrink back. Hut for me, I was not
moved by the sight of him, for now I was stiong iu resolution.
Suppose one who hath made up her mind to go to the stake
for her religion, ns would doubtless have happened unto many
had King .fames been allowed to continue in his course, do
you think that such a woman would begin to tremble at the
sight of her executioner? Not so. She would arise and go
forth to meet him, with pale face, perhaps (because the agony
is sharp) but with a steady eye. Henjuiniu opened the door,
and stood looking from one to the other.
“ Well,” lie said to Madam, roughly, “you have by this
time told her the condition? ”
“ I have told her—alas 1 I hnve told her, and already I
repent me that I have told her.”
” Doth she consent?”
“ She does. It shall be as you desire.”
“Ha!” Benjamin drew a long breath. “Said I not,
Sweetheart"—he turned to me—“that I would break tile
head of any who came between us? What? Have I not
broken the’head of my cousin when I take away his girl?
Very well, then. And that to good purpose. Very well, then.
It remains to carry out the condition.”
" The condition.” I said, “I understand to be this. If I
become your wife, Bcnjmniu, you knowing full well that I love
another man mid mu already promised to him ”-
“Tu—ta—tu!” he said. “That you are promised to
another man matters not one straw. That you love another
man I care nothing. What! I promise, Sweetheart, that I
will soon make thee forget that other man. And as for loving
any other man after marrying me, that, d’ ye sec, my pretty,
will be impossible, Oh 1 thou shalt be the fondest wife in the
Three Kingdoms.”
“Nay; if such a thing cannot move your heart, I sny
no more. If I marry you, then all our prisoners will be
enlarged ? ”
“ I swear”—lie used a great round oath, very horrid from
the lips of a Christian mail — " I swear that, if 3 'ou marry me,
the three—Itobin, Humphrey, and Burnaby—shall all save' their
lives. And ns for Sir Christopher and my father, they also
shall be enlarged. Can 1 sny aught in addition ? ”
I suspected no deceit. I understood, and so did Madam,
that this promise meant the full and free forgiveness of all.
Yet there was something of mockery in his eyes, which should
have made us suspicions. But I, for one, was young and
ignorant, and Ma lum was country-bred and truthful.
“ Benjamin," I cried, falling on my knees before him,
" think what it is you ask 1 Think what a wicked tiling you
would hnve me do!—to bri nk my vows, wlio am promised to
your cousin 1 And would you' leave your grandfather to
perish all for a wliim about n silly girl ? Benjamin, you nre
playing witli us. Y'ou cannot—you could not sell the lives—
the very lives of your mother,'father, anil your ciusius for
such a price ns this.’ The play has gone far enough, Benjamin.
Tell us that it is over, and tlmt yon never meant to be taken
Beriously, and we will forgive you flic anguish you luiyc
caused us.”
“Get up,” he said, “get up, I sny, mid stop this folly.”
He then began to curse anil to swear. “ Flaying, is it? You
shall quickly discover that it is no pluy, but serious enough to
please you all, Puritans though you lie. Playing 1 Get up, l
say, and have done.”
“ Then,” I said, “ there is not in the whole world a more
inhuman monster than yourself.”
“ Oh 1 my dear—my dear, do not anger him 1” cried Madam.
“All is fair in love, my pritty.” said Benjamin witli a
grin. “ Before marriage call me what yi u pleas. —inhuman
monster—anything that you please. After marriage, my wife
will have to sing a different tune.”
“ Oh 1 Benjamin, treat her kindly,” Madam cried.
“ 1 mean not otherwise. Kindnc.- s is my linture. I am too
kind for my own interests. Obedience 1 expa t, nnd goad
temper and u civil tongue, with such respect ns i< due to one
who intends to be Lord Chancellor. Come, Child, uo more
hard words. Thou shalt be the happiest woman. I say, in the
world. Wlmt ? Monmouth's Rebellion was only contrived to
make thy happiness. Instead of a dull country-house thou
shalt have a house iu London ; instead of the meadows, thou
shnlt have the parks ; instead of skylarks, the singers at the
playhouse : in due course thou shalt be my lady ”--
“Oh 1 stop—stop : I must marry you since you make me,
but the partner in your ambitions will’ I never be.”
“My dear,” Madam whispered, “speak him fair. Be
humble to him. ltcmeinber he la Ids in his hands the lives
of aH.”
“ Yes,” Benjamin overheard her. “ The lives of all. The
man wlio dares to take my girl from me—mine—deserves to
die. Yet so element, so forgiving, so generous am I, that 1 am
ready to purilon him. ile shall actually save his life. If, there¬
fore, it is true that (before marriage) you love that man mul
are promised to him. come to church w.th me, out of your great
love to him, in ord< r to save Ids life ; blit if you love him not,
then you can love me, mi 1, therefore, can come to please your¬
self, willv-nillv. What! am I to be thwarted in such a
trifle? Willy-nilly, I say, I will marry tliee. Come -we
waste the time.”
lie seined my wrist as if lie would have dragged me towards
the door.
“ Benjamin,” cried Madam, “ be merciful 1 she is but a
girl, mid she loves my poor boy-be merciful 1 Oh 1 it is not
yet too late.” She snatched me from his grasp und stood
hetweiii us, her amis outstretched. “ It is net too late; they
may die and we will go in sorrow, lmt not iu shame. They
liny <1 e. Go! murdirer of thy kith and kill. Go, send thy
grandfather to die upon the scaffold; but, at least leave us iii
peace.”
“ No. Madam,” I said. “ With your permission, if there
be no other way, I will save their lives.”
“ Well, then,” Benjamin said sulkily, “ there must be an
end of this talk and no further delay ; else, by the Lord.' I
know not what may happen. Will Tom Boilmau delay to
prepare liis cauldron of hot pitch ? If ivc wait much longer,
Itobin"s nrms and legs will be seething in (hat broth ! Doth
the Judge delay with his warrant? Already he signs it—
already they are putting up the gibbet on which he will hang !
Come.' 1 sny.”
Benjamin was sure of his prey, I suppose, because we found
the i'll rgyiuun waiting for ns in the church, ready willi sur¬
plice and book. The clerk was standing beside him, also with
his hook, open at the Service for Murringe. YVhilc they read
tile service Madam threw herself prostrate on the communion
Steps, hur head in her hands, ns one wlio suffers the last ex¬
tremities of remorse und despair for s!n too grievous to be ever
forgiven. Let us hope that sometimes we may judge ourselves
more harshly than Heaven itself dotli judge i’s.
The clerk gave me away, and was tile only witness of the
marring.' beside that poor distai-li':’. mother.
’Twns a strange wedding. There lmd been no banns put
up: the bride was pale and trembling; the bridegroom was
gloomy; the only other person present wept upon her knees
while tlie parson read through his ordered prayer and psalm
and exhortation ; there was no sign of rejoicing.
“ So,” said Benjamin, when all was over. “ Now, thou art
my wife. They sliull not be bunged therefor. Come, wife,
we will this day ride to Exeter, where thou shalt thyself buir
the joyful news of thy mnrriage nnd tlieir safety to my
cousins. They will own that I nni a loving and a careful
cousin.”
lie led me, thus talking, out of church. Now, as wc left the
churchyard, there passed through the gates - oli! baleful
omen !—four men carrying between them a bier. Upon it was
the body of another poor prisoner, ch ad of jail fever. 1 think
that even the hard heart of Benjamin—now uiy husband !—
oh! merciful Heavens! he was iny husband!-’quailed, nnd
was touched with fear at meeting "this most sure nnd certain
Bign of coming woe, for lie muttered something iu his teeth and
cursed the bearers aloud for not choosing anotlu r time.
My husband, then—I must needs call him my husband—
told me, brutally, that I must ride with him to Exeter, where
I should myself bear the joyful news of their safety to liis
cousins. I did not take that journey, nor did I bear the news,
nor did I ever after that moment set eyes upon him again,
nor did I ever sjcik to him again. His wife I r. mnined, I
suppose, because 1 was joined to him in church. But 1 never
saw him after that morning. And the muon why you shall
now hear.
At the door of our lodging, which was, you know, hard ly
the church, stood Mr. Boscorel himself.
“Wlmt means this?” he asked, with looks troubled anil
confused. “What doth it mean, Benjamin? YYhat ln.th
happened, in the name of God? ”
“Six,” said Benjamin. “Y’ou know my character. Y'ou
will acknowledge that l am not one of those who are easily
turned from their purpose. Truly, the occasion is not favour¬
able for a wedding, but yet I present to you my newly-married
wife.”
“ Thu wife! Child, hr thy hm-band? Why. thou art
betrothed to Robin ! Hath the world gone crazy i I)o I hear
aright? Is tliis-tliis—this—a time to be marrying? Hn.-t
tliou not heard ? Hast thou not heard, I niv ? ”
“ Brother-in-law,” said Madam. "It is to save the liws
of all that this is done.”
“‘To save the lives of all?’” Mr. Boscorel repented.
“Why—why—hath not Benjamin then, told what hath
happened, nnd what hath been done ? ”
“ No, Sir, I have not,” said liis sou. “ I had other fisli to
fry.”
‘ “Not told them? Is it possible?’’
“Benjamin hath promte 1 to save all their lives if this
child would mnrry him. To save their lives hath Alice con¬
sented, nnd I with her. He will save them through his gnat
friendship with Judge Jeffreys.”
“ Benjamin to save tlieir lives ? Sirrah ”—he turned to his
son with great wrath iu his face—‘ ‘ wlmt villainy is this ? Thou
hast promised to rave tlieir lives? YVhat villainy, I sny.
is this ? Sister-in-law, did he not tell you what hath been
done ? ”
He has told us nothing. Oh .' is there new misery?”
“ Child”—Mr. Boscorel spoke with the tears running down
his clunks—“ thou art betrayed—alas! most cruelly and foully
betrayed. My son—would to God that I hud died before I
should say so—is a villain ! For, first, the lives of these young
men are already saved, and he hath known it for a week and
more. Learn, then, that, with the help of certain friends, I
have used such interest at Court that for these three I have
received the promise of safety. Y’et they will not be pardoned.
They are given, among other prisoners, to the courtiers and
the ladies-in-waiting. One Mr. Jerome Nipho hath received
and entered on his list the names of Itobin and Humphrey
Cliu'l s nnd Barnaby Eykin; they will be sold by him, and
transported to Jamaica or elsewhere for n firm of years.”
“ They were already saved ! ” cried Madam. “ He knew,
then, when they were tried und sentenced, that tlie.'r lives were
already spared. Oh’, child! poor child! Oh! Alice!-Oli!
iny daughter !—what misery have we brought upon tliee ! ”
B: ujiiiuiu said nothing. Oil liis face lay a scowl of obstinacy.
As for me. I was clinging to Madam’s arm. This man was
my husband—nnd Robin was already saved—and by Eos and
villainy lie hud cheated us !
“They were already saved,” Mr. Boscorel continued.
“ Benjamin knew it—I sent him a letter, that he might tell
his cousins. My son—alas !—I say again, my only son—my
only son—my son is a villain ! ”
•• No one shall take my girl,” said Benjamin, sullenly.
“ Wlmt ? All is fair in love.”
“ lie has not told you, either, what hath happened in the
prison ? '1 hou hadst speech, 1 hear, with Barnaby, early this
morning, Child. The other prisoners he lowered his voice
and folded his hands, as in prayer—“ they have since been
enlarged.”
“ llmv ? ” Madam asked. “ Is Sir Christopher free ? ”
“ He hath received liis freedom—from One who never fails
to set poor prisoners free. My father-in-law fell dead in the
courtyard at nine o’clock this morning—weep not for him.
But Child, there is lunch more; about that same time thy
father breathed liis last, lie, too. is dead; he, too, hath liis
freedom. Benjamin knew of this as well, Alice, my child ”—
the kindly tears of compassion rolled down his fnce. “ I hnve
loved tliee always, my dear; and it is my son who hath
wrought this wickedness—my own son—my only son ”-lie
shook his cane in Benjamin’s face. “ Oil! villain,” lie cried ;
“ Oil i villain ! ”
Benjamin made no reply ; hutlii face was black and his
eyes obstinate.
’’ There is yet more - oh ! there is more. Alas ! my child,
there is more. Thou hast lost thy mother as well. For at the
sight of her husband’s death, liis poor, patient wife could no
longer bear the trouble, but she, too, fell dead—of a brokm
heart: yea, she fell dead upon his dead body—the Lord
showed her this great and crowning mercy—so that they
all died together. This, too, Benjamin knew. Oh ! villain!
lillnin!”
Benjamin heard unmoved, except that Iris scowl grew
blacker.
“Go,” his father continued, “I load thee not, my son,
with a father’s curse. Thy wickedness is so great that tliy
punishment will be exemplary. The judgments of God
descend upon the most hardened. Get thee gone out of my
sight. Let me never more behold thee until thou hast felt the
intolerable pangs of remorse. G ct thee hence, I sny! Begone i ”
“I go not,” said Benjamin, “ without my loving wife. I
budge not, I say, without my tender and loving wife. Come,
niy dear.”
He advanced with outstretched hands, but I broke away
and tied shrieking. As I ran, Sir. Boscorel stood before his
son and buried the way, raising his right hand.
“ Back, boy i Back i ” he said, solemnly. “ Back, I sny!
Befi r • tliou readiest tliy most unhappy wife, first shalt thou
pass over tliy father’s body ! ”
(To It continued.)
OCT. 20, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
BY THE DOWIE DENS O' YARROW.
The sunshine of late autumn falls warmly in the inn doorway
here and on the road in front; and the sky, despite the ominous
darkness of last night, is all but clear of cloud. No sound of rude
traffic breaks upon the pastoral stillness of the spot. Only the
river below, murmuring over its pebbles, seems recounting to
itself the old-world memories of the banks between which it
runs. Though it is not yet nine o'clock, yonder blithe lass in
shepherd-tartan plaid, and with a basket on her arm, singing
to herself as she comes up the road, has been down to Yarrow
Feus already. She turns across the bridge twenty yards off,
oil her wav, says the landlady, to Hogg's Farm of Altrive
Lake. It lies only a few miles off, and the same road leads
on through the hills to the ruined keep of Tushielaw on
the Ettrick—a pleasant forenoon's ramble. It would surely be
a mistake to pass through the most storied valley of the North
without making a pilgrimage to the home of its sweet singer.
A word, then, to •• mine hostess," ns to fare later on, a moment
to pocket some temporary provender, and then away after yon
gentle pioneer.
Hogg had dedicated his “ Queen's Wake " to the Duchess of
Bucclench, and she on her deathbed besought her husband to
“ remember her poor poet.” The Duke accordingly bestowed
the little farm of Altrive Lake upon Hogg for life, without
reut or fee : and, grateful to his patron, the Ettrick Shepherd
eame to live on the spot in ISIS. Here, in 1819, he brought
his lady wife, to make it “ the dearest spot on earth to him " ;
here he reared the “ flowers of the forest," as he called his
children ; and here, in 1835, he died, three years after Sir Walter
Scott. A thousand times, one cannot help remembering,
mnst the kind-eyed poet have strolled down this road, carrying
in his heart, as Christopher North averred, the dream of
Kilmeny. or. as is perhaps more likely, with the smile wreath¬
ing his lip at some remembered word of wife or child. Certain
it is that upon many a morning he gathered inspiration
from these quiet hills. A thousand times he has betaken him¬
self. rod in hand, and in the company of some chosen guest, to
angle in the rushing Yarrow; and as often has he returned
at night with heavy basket, to instal bis tired friend
by the genial hearth at Altrive. For Hogg, with the narrow
estate of a yeoman, hud the hospitable heart of a prince.
All day might be spent lingering here amid the scenes of
old Border memories—the ruined keep of Tushielaw on Ettrick
bank, where, on a summer day in 1529. James V. executed
swift, sharp justice by hanging the reiver Adam Scott over
his own gate; Ettrick Kirk, where Thomas Boston spent the
years of his ministry, writing the once famous " Fourfold
State," “The Crook in the Lot," and other books, and where,
far from the haunts of busy men. he raised himself to be one
of the greatest scholars and theologians of his day ; and
Ettrick Kirkyard. where, close by the vault of the Seotts of
Thirlstane, lie the remains of James Hogg and of his quondam
hostess, Tibbie Shiels. But the countryside by Yarrow Water
remains to be traversed yet. and already the boors are wear-
Below the Cordon Inn on 1
meat of one of the Ettrick SI
Mount Benger farm. In the fni
speak with high hope of bis i
teasing of the place tied a mi
dragged upon him till his last
was. like his master Burns, t
windows of the house the river
village of Yarrow itself; and
side stands the monn-
I s many misfortunes—
Nodes" he is made to
venture here : but the
olume to the
t of Border
hr renowned
song-land, lies the scene of the fatal combat so far renowned
iu minstrelsy.
Hamilton of Bangour wove the story into his beautiful
and tender lines “ Pil ing the birks on the braes of Yarrow,"
and Allan Ramsay into his well-known "Busk ye. busk ye,
my bouuie, bonnie bride " ; but it is the name of the ancient
ballad attached to the spot which is best known, and which
will ever remain in the heart of the North a synonym for
Annan's Treat (or more probably Annan-street). to the west
of Yarrow Kirk, is the spot pointed out by tradition as the
scene of the light. Here, as far as the details and the names
of the combatants can be made out, Walter Scott, third son of
Robert of Thirlstane, was waylaid and slain by his brother-in-
law, John Seott, of Tushielaw. It appears that they were to
have met alone ; but the young bridegroom, on riding up the
strath, found himself confronted by nine enemies. Despite
such odds, however, he seems to have made a gallant stand ;—
Four has be hurt ami live lias slain,
tin the bloody braes o' Yarrow;
Till a coward knight came him behind
And ran his body thorough.
Tradition has it that the fend had been caused by the lady's
father allotting her a dowry larger than her grasping brother
could approve. The ballad, on the other hand, makes the irate
brother allege, as his pretext for quarrel, that some slight had
been offered to his sister. The lady's grief over her fallen
lover, hotvover, makes the former the more probable source of
enmity *.—
She kissed lits eho.-k, she knimed his hnir,
She sewche.l his wounds all thorough ;
She kissed them till her ll|» grew ru I,
On Uio dowte dens o' Yarrow.
Such is the pitiful story of the place as told by tradition and
song—the story to which, most of all, perhaps, the quiet little
valley owes its fame. A still more ancient, if less known,
interest, however, exists about this spot: for the great stones
standing here are not, as locally supposed, memorials of the
oonllict celebrated in the ballad. Previous to 1808 the ground
was a low waste moor, with some twenty large cairns upon it,
in which, when opened, were found some heaps of fine yellow
dust and the head of an antique spear. About three hundred
yards farther to the west, when the strath was being
broken in by the plough, a large fiat stone was laid bare.
It contained h Latin inscription, rudely engraved, and
under it were discovered human bones and ashes. This
blook of greywacke is the famous Yarrow Stone, and the
lettering upon it is said to be the only known inscription of
the Cambrian Celts, who once held all Scotland south of the
Forth. The first part of the lettering has been made out as
"Hie memoria Cetiloi and an ingenious critic lately, by
comparing the chronicles of Bede and Tighemai, discovered in
the spot the Denisesbarn, and, according to Nennius, the
Catscaul (the latter name remains transposed in “ Catslack "
burn close by), where in C32 A.D., in a great battle of rival
races. Cation, King of the Britons, was defeated and slain by
Oswald, King of the Angles of Northumbria. Following this
clue the same critic suggests, as the complete rendering of the
inscription, “This stone is in memory of Cetilon and his son,
Princes and Imperators of Dumnogeiiium." By this rendering,
he concludes. “ the Cetilon of the Yarrow Stone would be
proved to be the Cadwalla of Bede and of the Saxon Chronicle,
who was a more crnel and bitter enemy to the Angles than
Arthnr." A strange and terrible chapter of history to be
turned up by the share of a peaceful plough !
Memories of many centuries, however, gather thickly in
the little valley. At all times the Borderland lias felt the
stirring of the nation's tides, and the legends of Yarrow form a
fair index to the history of the country at large. Thus, beside
the relics of medimval and prehistoric times, the history of the
Covenanting straggle might be read by the light of its asso¬
ciations here. The manse of Yarrow Kirk, at hand, was the
dwelling of John Brenner, the Mess John of a well-known
ballad. One of the curates thrust upon the people by the
prelatie acts of Charles II., he is famous as having played the
unworthy part of spy upon his flock. By means of a certain
' strange gaunt woman ” he was wont to’furnish the Govern¬
ment with tidings of conventicles about to be held among the
hills, and in this way betrayed the lives of many of the people
among whom he was placed, until at last they shot him through
his own parlour window.
Point after point as the valley descends strikes a chord of
old-world interest. After passing, perched among the trees on
the rivers opposite bank, the village of Yarrowford, with its
lights twinkling through the dusk, its pleasant sound of
voices, and the tinkle of the village smithy, the road plunges
into the darkness under the heavy woods' of Hangingshaw.
Here, where the air is rich already with the night-scents,
stands the ruined stronghold of the Outlaw Murray, prince of
the Ishmaelites of the Border, whose famous “ sang," or ballad,
Scott says, has been popular for ages in Selkirkshire. Swift
and dark, and with deep, cool gurgle, the river runs here below
its bridge. A lonely and eerie spot it is at such an hour in the
heart of the dark, still woods-the haunt, it well might be, of
the ghosts of old marauders, booted and spurred. Yonder
carriage lights, coming down under the trees in the blackness,
might easily be the bright, flaming eyes of some devouring
dragon, so weird are the place's memories. Somewhere on the
south bank below rises “ the shattered front of Newark's
towers,” reminiscent of James II. and of “ the bold Buccleuch ”
and its courtyard stained with tho blood of the Royalist
prisoners slain there by the Covenanters after Philiphaugh.
Though the shrub springs now upon its broken wall, to the
fancy the place is peopled yet, by the wizard touch of Scott
with dame and squire and knight intent upon that heroic " Lav"
chanted by the last of the minstrels. And the wanderer to¬
day about the spot may come upon a little mount, fir-clad,
that seems waiting for its story. Said to have been part of
the ancient garden of the castle, tradition rans that there the
Outlaw Murray was slain by one of the Seotts. Carterhangh,
the wexxly tongue of laiul below, where Yarrow and Ettrick
■‘rush into each other's arms," is the spot where Tamlane
according to the ballad which bears his name, was freed from
enchantment by tho “ fair Janet.” Here, they say—
And here, on Hallowe'en, she set the pails of water and milk
with which to break the spell cast about her lover by the fairy
queen. That, it is said, was the last appearance of 'the fairy-
folk to mortal eyes, though on the grass are still pointed out
the rings traced by their starlight revels.
Born amid such romantic and weird surroundings at the
quiet farm-house of Foulshiels, close by. it is small marvel
that Mungo Park was attracted to the adventurous life of an
African explorer.
One more point of interest remains—the wood-hung battle¬
field of Philiphaugh. now the park about the seat of the
Outlaw Murray's descendant. Here, by Leslev's surprise and
defeat of Montrose, in ltilj, the cause of the First Charles was
lost in .Scotland. By some strange oversight Montrose had
left his infantry encamped on the field, while he himself with
the cavalry quartered in Selkirk, a mile away. Lesley, coming
up at dawn from Melrose, seized the opportunitv. and cut tho
Royalist foot to pieces before the horse could’come to their
assistance ; and dire and effectual was the work done here by
the Covenanting broadswords on that misty September
morning!
Presently, the lights of Selkirk appear, begemming, like
fireflies, the darkness of the opposite hillside : and there, after
the long day s ramble among the storied scenes of this quiet
Border valley, will be found rest and refreshment amid the
comforts of " mine inn." y. E.-T.
LORD BRASSEY AND HASTINGS.
The Municipal Corporation of Hastings has presented Lord
Brassey, formerly M.P. for Hastings, and a liberal benefactor
of that town, with the honorary freedom of the borough. The
Ma
-- . . ^
ARTS AND CRAFTS EXHIBITION.
SECOND NOTK’E,
Textile fabrics are but sparsely represented in the Exhibition
owing, probably, to the unwillingness of manufacturers to
allow the names of their workmen and designers to appear A
Hammersmith Carpet (50), designed by Mr. William Morris
and executed at his works, is one of tho most satisfactory
specimens of the kind, and has at least more originality than
Mr. J. A Heaton's Axminster Carpet (37). of which the chief
interest lies in its clever imitation of old Persian work. In
purely handwork there is. however, greater varict v ; and one
cannot fail to admire Mrs.Cranes Frieze fora Mantle Valance
(20). worked in cotton on black merino: and the Hanging
Memoranda Pockets (29 and Ho), worked in wool and crewels on
canvas. •• Art in tho House," as it is often euphemistically called
lias not uufrequently an irritating effect upon those who watch
the laborious patience with which some ladies execute certain
pyrotechnic patterns under the impression that they are
achieving arabesques of the most correct design. Such patient
Penelopes will learn much of the limits of needlework from
Mrs. Heatons embroideries in "tram” silk (11 and Ifi) Mrs.
Margaret Ashworth's Design for a Piano-Cover (20) in twilled
linen, and Miss Una Taylor's (19) and Miss M. Buckle's (21)
panels in silk and satin respectively. We should not leave
this branch of the exhibition without mentioning a very in¬
teresting specimen of printed cotton hanging (93) bv Mr J
Lattimer—very delicate in colour and bold in design, although
we scarcely think the snbjeet," Wheatear in Clover." altogether
suitable for wall decomri— ...• ■
as to the possible combinatioi
Of wall - papers there
Woollams in many instances
own ground. The former li
designer of no common skil
paper and "Picotec” (91) fri
In too many instances, howev
and a host of others, are teni]
“ patterny." There are few Ei
ation, whilst we are still more doubtful
lination in Nature.
there is a very fair show, Messrs,
dances rivalling Messrs. Morris on tlieir
rmer firm has iu Mr. Geo. C. Haite a
on skill and taste: his "Orchid" (93)
91) frieze being especially noteworthy,
however, both Messrs. Woollams, Morris,
re tempted to make their wallpapers too
few English houses now where pictures
ceremony of presentation took place on Monday, Oct. 15, in
the School of Art building at Claremont, which was the
munificent gift of Lord Brassey to the town. Tlie Mayor.
Councillor Stubbs, afterwards entertained his Lordship and
the members and officials of the Corporation with a banquet
at the Queen's Hotel. The doonment setting forth the re¬
solution of the Council, passed on Ang. 18, to confer the
freedom of the borough on Lord Brassey, was placed in a
casket of solid silver, manufactured to order of Mr. E. Dobell,
jeweller, of Robertson-street, Hastings, of which we give an
Illustration. It is surmounted by the arms and crest of Lord
Brassey, in silver and enamel, with his Lordship's motto,
“ Art!uit ttrpe, mctu nun/piavi." On the front of the case are
the borough arms, also in silver and enamel, with Lord
Brassey's monogram, surrounded by oak and laurel wreaths.
Introduced in the wreath, from which the borough shield pro¬
trudes, are anchors and tridents, symbolical of the British
Navy. At each corner, the box is supported by a silver pillar,
on which is a lion rampant gilt, and below is a silver dolphin.
On the opposite side is a wreathed inscription, to the following
effect:—“ Presented to the Right' Hon. Lord Brassey, K.C.B.,
by the Corporation of the Borough of Hastings, Oot. 15. 1888.”
The size of the casket is considerable, and its weight is abont
seventy ounces. It is inclosed in a largo case, lined with light
blue satin.
or engravings are not hung; and the primary object of a wall-
paper should be to set off what is displayed as an object of
value or interest. Such a wall-decoration as that of “ Wood-
notes ” (69) designed by Mr. Walter Crane, and printed in
coloured flocks on flock ground, is sufficient of itself to make a
room took furnished ; and one is at a loss to guess what place
it could adorn m an ordinary English house. The embossed
leather-papers, of which we owe the introduction to the
Japanese, are now fully equalled by our home menu-
lectures. Of such there are some excellent specimens,
designed by Mr. ,T. D. Sodding (i;:f and (14), Mr. Walter
Crane ((id and (iT).and others of which the painting and printing
are, in most instances, due to Mr. Metford Warner The
generous rivalry between Mr. W. Morris and Messrs. De Morgan
in the production of tiles and other pottcryQs’sfen to groat
aolvantage m this exhibition ; but we are fcfl&tf.-to snv that
nothing from the former comes up to the spleildid display of
red-lustre pottery (103) which Messrs. De Morgan contribute
among many other pleasant works. On the other hand we
cannot but think that the Chimnevpiecc (53) designed by this
firm is heavy and meaningless, whilst the blue tiles with which
it is ornamented are so overcoloured as to.ivfider a retreat to
such a fireside eornera penance rather thau'a'Measure. To Mr
A. Benson belongs the double credit '6t combining the
artist and the craftsman in a common aim, and of prodneing
work which is at once useful, tasteful, and beautiful. Nothing
could be simpler in its design, more practical in its uses, or
more ornamental in its appearance than the Ash Sideboard
(99), and, what is more astonishing, it stands almost alone
in an exhibition where one would have expected such work
to abound. It is. however, in metal-work that Mr. Benson
most displays lus originality and delicate fancy. By his
revival of an old art of combining brass and copper in his
designs he has achieved a special reputation ; but when one
looks more carefully at such works as the Fountain in
the Entrance-hall (283), and the Pendant (lid) and Stand¬
ard (lb) Lamps, we sec how much of the beauty
'* „ e „ t ? »fUstic modelling and proportions. The Tovnbee
Hall School Guild of Handicraft exhibit several interest¬
ing copper plaques in repousse work; and Mr Walter
Crane, who seems as “ polytechnic ” ns Mr. Hubert Herkomer
is also an exhibitor of works in brass and copper. Messrs!
Langden and Co., Messrs. Thomas Godrey, Mr. J. W. Oddie are
also among those who show how widely the taste for metal-
work, chased and hammered, is reviving amongst us. Although
there are a few specimens of the wrought-iron work of Messrs
Robinson and Robson, Messrs. Powell, Messrs. Starkie Gardner'
and Messrs. Longden, the display hardly comes np to our ex-'
pectations. Of late years especially, this industry has been
pursued with considerable activity, and its results, as seen in
various exhibitions, have been most creditable to our work¬
men. Another year, we should like to see a more special
feature made of this thoroughly national art-industry The
sacrifice of usefulness to ornament shows itself even more
strongly in bookbinding than elsewhere.
If it were the habit amongst Englishmen to use bound books
os decorations as is the case in France, or if onroouutrymen were
in the habit of forming libraries of fifteen, twenty, or thirty
volumes as our neighbours do, oue could understand the object
of edition* de lure bound in the most recherche style. With tho
majority of Englishmen books are bought to be used and even
used in a rough homely fashion, seated before the fire or lying
heumth the trees. For such readers the exquisite bindings of
Mr. Cobden Sanderson, M. Roger de Coverlev. Messrs. Riviere
Mr. Edward tV atson have no meaning. If. however, weare con tent
to look at bindings as works of art, reverently and through a
glass, we are able to render justice to such exquisite skill and
taste as are displayed in such works as Mr. Cobden Sanderson's
Memoir of D. Macmillan,' “ Unto this Last," " The Revolt of
Islam. "LoveisEnougb,and a volume of Keats', which are per¬
fect gems of morocco binding worked and tooled bv hand Mr
Edward Watson's specimens (117) of hand-coloured calf have
a more solid appearance, but they are not less admirably
finished ; whilst the gems of Messrs. Riviere's collection are
two oopies of the “ Marriage of Cupid and Psyche" (118 120)
in two shades of green morocco elaborately hand-tooled. ’
There are many other objects which well deserve a detailed
notice, but we must break off here, expressing, however our
gratitude to the Arts and Crafts Society for its successful
effort to bring before the public in so striking a way the
artistic side of British industry.
The group of Shakspearian Btatuary which Lord Ronald
Gower has presented to Stratford-on-Avon as a mcmoiial to
Shakspeare, was nnveiled on Oct. 10 by Lady Hodgson, the
wife of the Mayor, in the presence of a distinguished assembly.
The Orient Company announce that they will dispatch
their large, fnll-powered steam-ship Garonne from Tilbury
Docks, London, on Nov. 15 for a five weeks’ cruise, visiting
Lisbon, Gibraltar, Algiers, Palermo, Naples. Leghorn, Genoa,
Nioe. for Riviera, Malaga, and other places, returning to
London on Deo. 22. The Garonne is fitted with the clectiio
light, hot and cold baths, Ac., and carries a surgeon.
460.-TUE illustrated lc»w>' LW
THE SULTAN OF MOROCCO’S RETURN TO MEQL t: lj( ^
deawn BT ^
^ItKDQK NEWS, Oci. 20, 1888.— 461
#*' EZ FR OM HIS PILGRIMAGE TO MULEY EDRIS.
Mco “T.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
402
Till: LADIES' FOLIMN.
As iho autumn fashion* tlvolant tlicmsolvcs. it becomes
apparent. nntivitlistaiidiiiff prophecies to the contrary, that tin)
peril#! of sacrifice of the feathered tribe is not over. Whips or
stuffed lords are used as trimmiups on almost all millinery,
lamp ostrich feathers are. however. seen on some of the newest
hats. The crowns of these hats are very low, and the brims
verv wide, and l ent about to suit the face. The full lonp
feathers surround the crown, the curly fronds of additional
tips clustering licoominply up above the face, while one nice
thick end of the lonpest feather hangs down behind, falling
on the neck in the pioinresqu" style of a Vandyke cavalier's
liat. A note" of the Directoire styles of costume which are
st ill so* popular is to have something hanging from the charean
at the hack. Such a drooping addition is becoming to many
types or face, and tit.' soft HnlHiiess of feathers is particularly
si, ; f a r more pleasing than the two ends of handsome ribhon
wliich are alternatively used in the same way.
1 limners again, as well as hats, have low crowns (though
the trimming on them is still placed rather high) and broad,
tall brims. I lie brims are often completely covered outside
with feathers matching the shape in colour ; a sort of short,
much-curled feather trimming being made on purpose for this
use Inside, the brims are lined with velvet, even when the
bonnet itself is of felt.. The idling may be put in with full
folds, and then suffices for the trimming of under the brim ;
or it mav be laid on quite plain, and a bow of ribbon, o tiny
ostrich rip. or a little bird will then he added to rest on the
fiont hair. In either ease, the outside trimming of the
bonnet rises high ill front, so as to show to some extent
above the tall brim. There is a decided tendency to trim the.
backs of bonnets more than has been usual for some time. A
couple of birds’ wings, or of bows lined with some brilliant
colour, will come from the back of the shape, along either side
of the crown, to meet in front the high cluster of trimmings,
the upstanding loops of ribbon, the wings, the osprey or bird-of-
paradisc iloating tail aigrettes, as the case may lie. Strings or
no strings is a matter of taste, but they decidedly add to the
protection afforded liv the headgear to the face and ears; it is
t here'ore sensible to use them for the winter, and there are few
fan s other than those still in their first bloom, that are not
improved liv living fi lmed in some becoming tint. Velvet and
satin reversible ribbon has returned to favour, moire and fancy
ribbons having grown common. Black and green is a favourite
contrast • and black and brown, once the acme of bad taste, is
now quite “ the thing.'’ Of course, in winter red is always
fashionable: the prevailing tone of the popular hue for the
con,in„ season is a somewhat bright yet brownish one, not? far
removed from cliaudron.
The latest fanev is that the bonnet should match the
mantle rather than the gown, if there is a diversity of colour
between thus- portions of the attire. Ill the case of the
popular lone coats which almost conceal the dress this
arrangement is obviously most desirable; and even short
mantles are without exception, made with long flat ends in
front so that the materials of which they are composed are
much in evidence. Mantles which cover the whole dress arc
much more •• possible ” this season than ever before, as they
arc now made in the lieht and yet warm brocaded woollens
in place of the heavy cloths and plushes under the burden of
which it was difficult to walk. Matelasso and cloth velour are
heavier than brocaded wool, but still areemlurable. These figured
fabrics are decidedly the most fashionable and the newest for
mantle*, lmt black and seal plush short jackets and clonks
seem to lie selling very largely. Feather trimming and rich
passementerie, either beaded or composed of bullion, are pre¬
ferred to fur as garniture for fancy materials. For girls, short
eoat.s carry the dav. and arc nearly always made loose-
fronted. either opening over a fitting vest of fur or contrasting
material, or else •• ilatteuherg " shape, buttoning on the left
shoulder! and hanging loose thence, but cut off to a point in
the middle.
The eighteenth volume of that interesting undertaking
“The Eminent Women Series ’ of biographies, has just been
issued. It is a “ Life." from the pen of Mr. John H. Ingram,
of Mrs Elizabeth Barrett Browning, the one great woman-poet
of ini-land. None other of her sex since Sappho has attained
to t he' fame of Mrs. Browning amongst fvoets. She stands not
with the moderately eminent, the second rank, of versc-
writers—with sweet Mrs. llemans. sedate Joanna Baillie,
passionate Mrs. Norton, sentimental " L. E. L.," or earnest
Adelaide Anne l’roctor. Far beyond these, and claiming
fellowship with the first, the masters of her art, and powerful
tintake her claim allowed as just by critics of the sterner
sex, while vet her verse palpitates with a woman's heart, and
her feininiiiitv is even aggressively displayed in reference and
allusion—Elizabeth Browning matches with Tennyson, with
Coleridge, wiih the pnct-huxbaii(l whose name she hears, with,
in a word, the verv greatest |ioets of her own era. She had
classical culture rare for a woman at the time of her youth, yet
she lived amid the early stirrings of that “ woman movement ’’
wliich has aroused so many women to give forth their best,
and has encouraged so many to s|ieak with their own voices.
From this fortunate combination of external circumstances,
in less than from inherent genius, came the greatness of Mrs.
Browning s achievements, so far beyond those of her sweet-
singing but feeble predecessors. .She was. perhaps, the first
woman to express for poetry what Charlotte Bronte so passion¬
ately urged for prose—that there cannot be a feminine and a
masculine standard of excellence. It took great women like
these to throw away the apparent prop and the protection of a
critical chivalry that, after all, as they said, was only an
elegant cloak for contempt of weakness. Bot having discarded
such a lower standard, they were hound to work towards the
highest levels of art ; and well they both justified their
temerity. “ I, who love my art. would never wish it lowered
to suit niv stature," cried Elizabeth Browning : and,
again, she protested against “That praise which men give
women when they praise a hook, not as mere work, but
as mere woman s' work, expressing that comparative re¬
spect which means the absolute scorn." It was not such
applause that she sought; and as she placed her standard,
It is a strange circumstance that nothing worth calling
a biography of Mrs. Browning has ever appeared before
.Mr. Ingrams work. This has licen mainly due to the
objection made by Mr. Browning to sncli a work being
undertaken. But what reason there has boon for the objec¬
tion it is impossible to guess. The “ Life " is admirably done
now—perfect in taste, and vivid and interesting in a high
degree. Yet this is due more to the skill with which the
biographer has marshalled small details, and to the sweetness
and charm of the woman as revealed in all her letters
here printed and her sayings here recorded, than it is
to the variety of incident in the life itself. There can
seldom have been an existence more purely intellectual and
emotional, and less one of action. It wasasmuch without external
incident as a lUc can he—bodily illness, literary work, marriage
at thirty-seven, motherhood—there is the entire tale in a para¬
graph. ' Iielicite health from her early girlhood kept Mrs.
Browning a prisjner to her room, secluded from the world, and
therefore from all the teaching as well as from the suffering of
mixing in life. Doubtless something was lost by this to her art
mid to her powers ; but what she might have gained by wider ex¬
periences and more variisl study of mankind would have been
more than compensated by the loss of the invalid’s leisure, which
brought with it opportunities both for rare mental culture
and for steady uninterrupted work. Her letters are delightful
reading; and hc gain from the book the impression of a
singularly sweet and noble soul, and learn to add reverence for
the almost perfect woman to that warm admiration for thegreat
literary artist and the inspired poet that everyone capable of
judging poetry already feels.— Fobence Fe.nwick-Miller.
THE ECCENTRICITIES OF CRITICISM.
Critics of literature should be the most modest of men, for the
errors made ill criticism, often by very able writers, are passing
strange. Again and again it has happened that the finest works
of a century have been disparaged, while hooks of ephemeral
value have'received the praise due to a country’s classics.
Sometimes tho blunders made have been simply due to incom¬
petence, sometimes to prejudice ; and it may be added, that a
man of great genins has to make his public, and that origin¬
ality needs time to he recognised. Personal acquaintance
may be also unfavourable to just criticism. A man who walks
about the streets in a shabby coat, drinks heavily, like Porson,
and imitates Sheridan in borrowing money and forgetting to
repay it. does not prepossess us in his favour. Like Gold¬
smith's Ned Purdon, he may be “a bookseller’s hack,” and the
critic who writes at ease in a comfortable study is in danger
of despising his ability, because he is out at elbows. Genius
is rarely clothed in purple, yet we are sometimes apt to think
that it is despicable in fu9tian.
A score of prejudices stand in the way of a just estimate
of authors, even when a critic labours to be honest; but all the
reasons we have stated put together do but partially explain
the aberrations of literary criticism. A book is sometimes
disliked and discredited just as a man is disliked for no
definite cause—
F do not love tl>eo. Doctor Fill,
The reiuwm why I cannot tcJJ;
But this nlonc 1 know frill well
1 do not love thee. Doctor Fell.
This is unreasonable, of coarse; but human nature is un-
reasonable, and critics are but men. I wonder how many of
the judgments passed upon contemporary authors will be
ratified fifty years hence! The critical rashness that was
taken for wit at the beginning of the century is not yet
extinct, though we have no living critic, perhaps, of Lord
Jeffrey's weight and cleverness to give credence to error.
Happily. Bentley's saying is a true one that no author was
ever written out of reputation lint by himself, and there is
comfort for every neglected writer, though it may not be in
all cases well founded, when he remembers the way in which
some of the greatest men of letters have been treated.
And now, before giving some striking illustrations of
critical error or incapacity, let me say that the misjudgments
of criticism afford no proof whatever that the art is a vain
one. As well might you say that the mistakes of the medical
profession prove the uselessness of doctors, or that an in¬
conclusive argument shows the fallacy of logic. Like all
other arts, criticism may become debased and ignoble; bnt,
if it be, what Matthew Arnold has well defined it, “a dis¬
interested endeavour to learn and propagate the best that is
known and thought in the world.” it cannot be a vain pursuit,
and may be exercised—to qnote the same author, himself one
of the most masterly of critics—with “a joyful sense of
creative activity.”
An error of criticism at one time far too prominent is,
happily, no longer in vogue. Milton's comments, in some of
his prose writings, are as cruel as they are unjust; so are the
brutal criticisms of Pope's arch-enemy, John Dennis; so,
frequently, are Pope's own satires on books and men ; so, too,
are Drvden's ; but then, satire seldom goes hand-in-hand with
justice! and would miss the mark if it did not exaggerate. The
critics who flourished at the beginning of this century had not
the excuse of satirists for the brusqueness and personality of
their literary reviews. Their language was blunt, and more
than blunt; for they were not always content to call a spade
a spade. Critics, now-a-days, know better ; they do their spirit¬
ing gently, and, when finding fault, imitate Bottom,and “roar
you as gently as any sucking dove.” Their sting, however, is
none tho less severe; for it is possible to express contempt in
the mildest language.
The modern critic is. in more than one respect, in advance
of his predecessors. Hc is more reverent, more ready to
acknowledge that genius is not to he gauged by pedantic
rules, more willing to learn before he attempts to teach.
No one could now write of Shakspeare’s sonnets ns
Stecvens wrote of them, or of “ Lycidas ” as Johnson wrote of
it. And yet in spite of the larger views which enable us to
judge of imaginative art through the emotions as well as by
the intellect, the eccentricities of criticism are still numerous
and startling.
One of the latest hooks I have opened is “The Corre¬
spondence of Sir Heur.v Taylor.” In that pleasant volume
tho poet affirms that il9 per cent of what Burns wrote is
worthless, and he adds : “ I think nothing that he wrote
was of such excellence as to found a poet's fame. Perhaps
if hc had written nothing but his best pieces I should think
more highly of him. and with less liability to error ; hut no
man's best lies buried under more of worse, worser. and worsest.”
Doubtless much rubbish has been shovelled into the works of
Burns by the folly of his editors ; but Sir Henry's estimate of
one of the most genuine poets that ever lived—a poet whose
very life-blood is in his songs—betrays a curions defect of
vision. I suppose that poets, like smaller men, find it difficult
to estimate work for which they have themselves no aptitude.
Wordsworth cared little for Pope, called Voltaire dull, and
declared in an oblivious moment that Shelley had as much
imagination as a pint pot. Byron'said that Cowper was no
poet; and Landor apparently found Spenser wearisome, for in
some lines addressed to Wordsworth be says :—
Thee, gentle Sjienser fondly lo 1,
But me hc mostly sent to bed.
The vagaries of criticism are manifold. Was it not Hobbes
who told Davenant that his “ Gondibert ” would last as long
as the ‘‘Iliad*'.' didn't Horace Walpole call Darwin’s
*• Botanic Garden ” •* the most delicious poem upon earth ”?
and was it not Alexander Smith, a writer with literary
instincts, who made the astounding statement that Jane
Austen was deficient in humour? It is a comfort to the
ordinary critic who has only sincerity, knowledge, and
perhaps some love to guide him, to know that poets and men of
genins are as likely to blunder or to differ as ordinary writers.
Mr. Lowell, for example, has said that the ‘‘Faerie Qneene,”
which, by-the-way, John Wesley recommended to his divinity
students, has a purity of thrice-bolted snow ; but Dean
Church, on the contrary, considers that, however innocently
sonic of Spenser’s scenes were produced, it is not easy to dwell
upon them innocently now. The critical fallibility of a great
oct. so, ms
writer was, however, never exemplified more strikingly than
in Carlyle s estimate of Sir Walter Scott, and in his amazing
depreciation of Charles Lamb. It was with pitying contempt
that he wrote of the wealthiest imaginative writer since
Shakspeare as “the novel-wright of his time, its favourite
child, and therefore an almost worthless one”: it must have
been with something like malignancy that he made his cruel
comments oil Lamb. And yet of all English writers these
two are among the dearest and the most justly honoured.
Only the other day Mr. Sidney Colvin gave a curious illus¬
tration of the different judgment passed by two distinguished
poets upon a famous lyric of Keats, llis “La Belle Dame
sans Merci ” is, in the opinion of Mr. Coventry Patmore,
“probably the very finest lyric in the English language."
Mr. Matthew Arnold, on the other hand, writing some
tim$ before his death to Mr. Colvin, said, “The value you
attach to ‘La Belle Dame sans Merci’ is to me simply
amazing.” Mr. Arnold was one of the sanest of literary critics,
yet he sometimes failed egregiously. I have no sympathy
with the extravagant opinions expressed of Shelley by some of
that poet’s blatant admirers; but his exquisite genius as a
lyric poet is incontestable: and it was surely fatuous of Mr.
Arnold to doubt whether Shelley’s essays and letters “ will
not resist the wear and tear of time better, and finally come to
stand higher, than his poetry.” Much of .Shelley's Verse will
go, probably, and may deserve to go—already we can dispense
with his “ Witch of Atlas ”—but is it possible to believe that
such pure essence of song as “ The Skylark ” the “ Ode to the
West Wind,” the “ Invocation to the Spirit of Delight,” ami
his divine love lyrics will ever be relegated to tho upper shelf
which holds our dead poets ? That such a heresy would excite
Mr. Swinburne’s righteous anger might have been anticipated,
for to him the memory of Shelley is almost as sacred as that
of Victor Hugo; but in doing battle for Shelley against the
perverse estimate of Arnold, Mr. Swinburne shows his own
want of comprehensiveness by denying the gift of poetic < r
creative imagination to Lord Byron, and by placing him, in
this respect, upon a level with Southey, giving Southey the
credit—which is reasonable enough—of writing incomparably
better English.
The truth is that a critic blessed with genius cannot always
judge of poetry impartially. Either by the aid of imagination
he gives to it a beauty that does not. exist, or, to use a (.’ole-
ridgean phrase, it does not “find” him, and, in either case,
readers are apt to be startled by a paradoxical opinion. The
eccentricities of criticism are inevitable, bnt it goes on its way
rejoicing in spite of them ; and other things being equal, he is
the wisest critic who lays to heart the maxim of Dryden—that
they mistake the nature of criticism who think its chief
business is to find fault. J. D.
THE SULTAN OF MOROCCO.
In Morocco the performance of a pilgrimage to the sacred places,
to ask the Moslem Saints’ intercession for protection in warlike
undertakings, is considered an act of duty and piety in the ruler.
This year the Sultan went from Mequinex to the Marabout of
Sidi Bouskri, to the mausoleum of Medjebouf, to the mosque
and tomb of Muley Ismael, to the Marabout of Sidi Aissa, and,
lastly, to the “ Saiouet” of Muley Edris, the burial-place of a
famous apostle of the Mussulman religion in Morocco, who died
at the end of the eighth century of the Christian era. The
last-named place of pilgrimage, the most important of all, is
situated in the Zerhoun mountains, fi\c hours’ ride from
Mequinez. The Sultan started during the night in state, with
all his Court and a large display of troops. lie came back to
the city in the middle of next day. At the city gate thousands
of people were waiting his Majesty’s arrival. Many of them,
when he arrived, made their way through the soldiers,
rushing forward and throwing themselves at his horse's feet,
to beg him to listen to their grievances, or to hand him letters
asking for justice. A French artist, M. Gabriel Nicolet, sends
us a Sketch of this exciting scene.
SAVINGS BANKS.
A fresh return of Savings Banks, other than the Post Office
Savings Bank, has been issued, by which we learn that on
Nov. 20. 1887, the total amount due to depositors was
£47,202,222. The number of the banks was 400. and the num¬
ber of officers employed The monthly return, dated
Oct. <», showed that there has been a reduction of about a
million sterling in the deposits in non-Gnvernment savings
banks since November 1887. The Post Office deposits now
exceed the deposits in the other savings banks by I2 .imk>. 000,
and the total shown this month to be deposited in all the
savings banks of the kingdom is £ 104.282,."08. an increase of
4 per cent for the year. An abstract at tho end of the return
shows that over £3.000.000 sterling were transferred to the
Post Office Savings Bank up to Nov. 20. 1887, besides which it
is estimated that £300.4 SO was also paid in cash by depositors
in closed savings banks to the Post Office Savings Bank. Thus
the rate of accumulation is satisfactory, and it also appears that
the saving public are discriminating between the banks
guaranteed by Government and non-guaranteed banks.
The Queen has forwarded her annual subscription of £50
to the Army and Navy Pensioners’ Employment Society, of
which her Majesty is patron.
At the licensing session of the Middlesex Magistrates on
Oct. 11 the question of Professor Baldwin’s parachute feat at
the Alexandra Palace was again discussed. Mr. Baldwin was
examined at some length, and ultimately the license was
renewed.—An application for a music license in the grounds
of Olympia was refused, mainly on the ground of the noise of
switchback railways, toboggan slides, and rifle galleries being
an annoyance to the neighbourhood.
Lord Herschell, presiding at a meeting of the Organising
Committee of the Imperial Institute, on Oct. 11. reported that,
as the result of a conference with the principal Chambers of
Commerce and technical associations of the kingdom, it had
been ascertained that there was a general consensus of opinion
among these bodies in favour of the establishment of a
Department of Commercial Intelligence. The report was
unanimously approved.
It was unanimously resolved, at a largely-attended con¬
ference held at the Crystal Palace on Oct. 11. to form an
association of British fruit-growers, and the meeting further
decided to invite the Duke of Bedford to become president.
The annual fruit and vegetable show has been held in the
north nave. The season has not been altogether favourable
for the development of fruit, yet the exhibits were of very
fine quality. In the vegetable department the exhibits were
unusually fine. — The National Apple and Pear Conference
arranged for the display of collections and specimens and the
discussion of questions pertaining to the prodnotion, distribu¬
tion, and improvement of hardy fruits, was opened on Oct. K»
and continued throughout the week in the gardens of the
Royal Horticultural Society, Chiswick. The order of pro¬
cedure included a [cries of conferences on sub joe Is of the first
import .lice.
Tt-
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
463
OCT 20, 1883
CRUISE OF H.M.8. RUBY. '
THE SOUTHERN ARCHIPELAGO OP SOUTH AMERICA.
The large island of Tierra del Fnego, the " Land of Fire." as it
was called by early Spanish or Portuguese navigators who saw
its volcanoes flaming in the distance, lies to the south of
Patagonia at the extremity of the American continent, with
smaller islands around it, one of which is known to all
mariners from the Pacific to the Atlantic ocean by the name
of Cape Horn : another is Staten Island. Readers of the " Life
of Darwin" have lately had their memories refreshed concerning
tin voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, fifty years ago, under command
of Captain Fitzroy, R.N., accompanied by the great naturalist,
then in his youth, and the observations that Darwin made on
the shores of Tierra del Faego, of which he gave an account in
his first published book. That ship gave her name to the
"Beagle Channel”; and a recent cruise to this channel in
II.M.S. Ruby, to visit the Tierra del Fnego Mission, has given
opportunities for a few sketches, by Mr. Herbert Canton.
Surgeon, R.N., of the strange region and its inhabitants.
After leaving the Falkland Islands, the first port of call
was St. John's Harbour, in Staten Island. This island, which
belongs to the Argentine or River Plate Government, is at
the eastern entrance to the Straits of Le Maire. It presents
t) the eve a rugged ami fantastic appearance, with pinnacled
mountains, often snow-capped, rising abruptly to n height of
over Hi U ft., but the lower land covered with dense forests
to the water's edge, making a avild and picturesque scene.
The only inhabitants of this lonely spot are some taventy
or more persons, chiefly English and Norwegian sailors, under
an Argentine officer, avhose duty it is to attend to the light¬
house, situated at the western entrance of the harbour, and to
make periodical visits round the island, generally after a
storm, in search of shipwrecked crews. These people, who are
very industrious, have made a clearing, and formed a small
but comfortable settlement at the head of the bay. A path
about half a mile long connects it with the light-house, which
may be said to be the only walk in the whole island. The
sailors told some aavfnl tales of shipwreck, and how they
had picked up crews, after many days of terrible suffering and
exposure. Two unfortunate vessels, the Colorado and the
Dunorjig, were wrecked last year on this island. The sur¬
vivors fell in with one another, at the western end of the island,
whilst attempting to reach the light-house, some twenty miles
distant. Then one half of them set forth in an open boat,
while the others endeavoured to cross the mountains. The
boat's crew, however, was never again heard of ; and the other
party was picked up, some months afterwards, in an exhausted
condition. They had utterly failed in their endeavour to reach
the settlement, hindered by the dense forests and precipitous
mountain ranges.
We present a View of the Beagle Channel, with snow¬
capped mountains on each hand, and dense gloomy forests
down to the sea, bnt in many places opening into lovely
parklike scenery. The channel, which varies from two to
three miles in breadth, is interspersed with numerous treeless
islands, covered with emerald-green pastare-like herbage.
These, and the panoramic views constantly opened up along
the shore, with the varied tints of the dense foliage, wen
delightful to sec.
"Shortly after anchoring,” writes Mr. Herbert Canton,
"we wera soon surrounded by native canoes—frail, leaky-
looking craft, male simply of pieces of bark sewn together,
over a rough frame, with whalebone. These were paddled each
by two or more women, who. in spite of the inclement
iveither, wore bnt scanty clothing. They squatted at the
bottom of the boat, presenting a very miserable appearance.
They employed themselves in bailing oat the leaky craft, and
endeavoured to warm themselves from a small, smoky fire
burning at the bottom of the boat. Some of the men ventured
on board ship to look round and pick up what they could,
clothing especially being in great demand. It is a curious fact
tint nearly all the women, bnt only a few of the men, are
able to swim, so that when a canoe is upset, which is not un-
freinent in these stormy latitudes, the women generally reach
the shore, whilst the men are invariably drowned.
"The i'ahgan. or canoe Indian, is a s piare-built, miserable-
looking figure, stunted in growth, with coarse, straight, black
hair, with dark eyes, obliquely set, and with a dirty-looking
coppjr-colonred skin. He usually spends a considerable part
of his time in his canoe, hunting for sells and sea-birds, which
If spears with great ease and skill. Hu builds h i wigwam
near the water's edge wherever shell-fish abound, his food
principally consisting of these and of blubber, whenever a
whale chances to be washed up. But he seldom remains any
1 lagth of time in one place ; for when the supply of shell-fish
is exhausted, he migrates to another spot, so that along tin
shore of the channel many piles of shells may be seen, which
at one time or another surrounded a wigwam.
" The Ona tribe are a much finer race of men. who inhabit
the northern part of Tierra del Fnego. They are supposed to
lie descended from the Patigonian Indians, aiid. like them, arc
brave and warlike. Their food consists of the flush of the
htanaco, the chief animal of the chase, the skin of which is
used as a kind of mantle for their shoulders, anil forms part of
the covering of their wigwams. This tribe almost exclusively
tis3 the bow and arrow for warlike purposes and in pur¬
suit of game. The native wigwam resembles, in size and
slupj, an ordinary haycock, with a hole in the roof through
which the smoke escapes. It is made of branches of trees,
stuck into the ground and covered with tofts of grass and
rushes. Even this rude shelter some do not possess, but are
With digging a hole in the ground, n few feet deep,
sufficient to cover their bodies. In the centre of the wigwam
a fire is always burning, round which the whole family splat.
>Ve visits! several wigwams, and seldom heard them converse
amongst themselves ; but, when they did speak, their voices
sounded very harsh and discordant. In Darwin's * Voyage of
the Beagle ' he says ; ‘ Captain Cook has compared it to a man
clearing his throat; but certainly no European ever cleared
with so many hoarse, guttural, and clicking sounds.'
" 0 ishooia. the headquarters of the Fuegian mission,
Under the able superintendence of Bishop Sterling, is pict tr-
ar |a °'y surrounded by lofty mountains, the snowy peak of
Muunt Darwin towering in the distance. On landing, we were
agreeably surprised at finding such a snug little colony, with
il> well-made wooden houses, and gardens adjoining, proving
the industry and ability of the civilised Fuegian. The church,
sen oo I-no use, and orphanage were visited. At the orphanage
we were shown some twenty healthy-looking. neatly-dressed
orphan girls, under the benevolent care and management of
he matron, Mrs. Hemmings. These children had been rescued
Irom misery and destitution, in various parts of this wild
country, tobe taught Christianity and to become useful house-
, t 1,0 3’ 3 are placed under training at Keppel Island
tralkland Islands) when quite young; they are taught
Lngnsh, to read and write their own langnnge, carpentering
ns other occupations, to fit them to be useful settlers on re-
urning to their own country. I was conducted at this place
yjosnooia) on a shooting trip by a grandson of the original
p®! nJ , Button. >t will bo remembered, was taken to
•raigtaaj by Captain Fitzroy and was brought back again in
the Beagle. Ho was particularly proud of his parentage, and
was certainly the most intelligent Fuegian I had spoken with.
"The last place touched at was Banner Cove, where still
remain traces of the sad fateof Allen Gardner, late Commander
B N., the original founder of the South American Mission ; who,
with liis companions, perished in September, 1851, of hunger
and privation, at Spauiard Harbour, Tierra del Fucgo. Their
bodies or skeletons, after some fruitless efforts, were found in
January, 1852, by H.M.S. Dido, and were then reverently com¬
mitted to the grave on the scene of their terrible sufferings,
borne with noble fortitude. That the Mission has done an im¬
mense amount of good anyone can see who may visit this country.
The difference between the civilised and the uncivilised
Fuegian is very striking, especially in their behaviour to ship¬
wrecked crews, who in former years were tortured and killed ;
whereas now they are treated with kindness, and are conducted
toplaeesof refuge. Indeed, such was the fear that shipwrecked
mariners formerly had of the savage islanders here, that some
have killed themselves rather than fall into their hands."
Me are much indebted to Surgeon Canton for this very
interesting description of remote shores and people rarely
visited ; and for the use of his sketches and photographs,
furnishing the Illustrations that appear on another page It
is long since we received any snob precise account from that
singular region of the Far Sonth ill the westera hemisphere.
AN OLD UMBRELLA.
IIY lias no poet com¬
memorated in im¬
mortal verso that
most faithful of
friends, the Um¬
brella ? Bards have
sung with more or
less of tlio trui
“ lyric cry "—an ex¬
quisite phrase, which
I borrow from the
new criticism—their
sofas and their old
arm-chairs, their old
clocks on the stairs
and their time-pieces,
their old firesides,
their bid wines, and
their old wives (in
about equal terms of
rapture !) ; but they
have left the old
umbrella to the dis¬
paragement of the
cvnicand the ridicule
of the humourist. It
is time to protest
.against this in jusliee,
and to rehabilitate the victim of a selfish ingratitude. The
umbrella, aseverybody knows, comes of a fine antiquity; counts
more centuries of honour than the Guelph or the Ilapsburg_
in fact, was borne aloft by sturdy arms long before Athens had
reared her Areopagus, or Rome thrown its iron embrace round a
silenced world. Ill the East it invested its possessor with the
power and pomp of royalty—to wit. the golden umbrella of
the King of Ashnntoe- anil was for ages an object of terror
to thousands of trembling mortals 1 Having an aversion
to “ruddy gore,” I know little of the new African school
of fiction or travel (I do not pretend to determine
"which is which”); bnt I fancy n pretty story might be
made of a gallant young Englishman, equipped with one of
Fox's Paragons, dropping down suddenly into tho midst
of a tribe of African savages, and there and then being
acknowledged as King in virtue of bis umbrella The reader
knows, of course, that the Greeks, in their processions, carried
a sk indeion over the head of their liberal god. Dionysos ; and
that the patrician women of the Eternal City shaded their
charms with an umbrarulum when they appeared in the
theatre. He knows the old tradition that the umbrella came
into London early in the eighteenth century, and some fifty
years later was popularised by the courageous persistency of
Jonas Hanway. But it was certainly familiar here at a much
earlier date, as references to it occur in Ben Jonson, in
Drayton, and in Beaumont and Fletcher. On this head, how¬
ever, 1 say no more. Enough to have reminded the reader
that the umbrella, even if considered historically, is to be
regarded with the reverence we English pride ourselves on
reserving for things of high descent and ancient pedigree.
But it is on moral grounds I stand up for the umbrella,
whicb has so often stood np for mo. With what fidelity it
serves its owner, alike in sunshine and ill lain; sheltering
Amelia's complexion from a too ardent sun, and her mantle
from a too hasty shower 1 Then, how true a friend it proves
to the man who uses it well! How many a snow-storm it
enables him to face ! How many a gale it helps him to buffet!
How firmly it stays his steps down a rapid incline. 1 Your
umbrella is no mere fair-weather acquaintance ; it sticks fast
to you in adverse circumstances, and is sometimes blown
" inside out" in the energy of it* efforts on your behalf. I
confess I have but a poor opinion of a man who thinks lightly
of such services as these. I should suspect him to be fit for
treason.stratagems, and spoils. For what more would he have?
What more has he a right to demand ? And yet. when bis old
companion begins to show the results of the wear and tear of
its active existence—when its poor ribs are bent and battered,
and perhaps even broken by the stress of its experiences;
when the gloss has departed from the silk epidermis that once
shone so brilliantly ; and the once natty brass ferrule is worn
ti a s'urap—the man has the baseness to fling it aside con¬
tumelious!}-, to let it moulder in sonic cobwebbed nook, or to
hand it over to his valet, who probably disposes of it to some
second-hand dealer, and then—but its after-fate is too painful
to dwell upon ! One could hardly believe men capable of such
ingratitude, if it were not for the pathetic examples that force
themselves upon one’s notice daily.
A right-minded and true-hearted gentleman, with a just
conception of what the moral law requires, and a lively sense of
the duty he owes towards all who render him faithful service,
will act in no such heartless and disgraceful fashion. He will
bethink him of the old motto, Xoblrm oblige ! He will re¬
member the claims of old companionship. The worn and
tattered staff—now as ragged ns the emblem of the famous
king-making Earl of Warwick—was with him, he recollects,in
the vigour of its youth, that grey morning in October when lie
was overtaken by the mists among the rugged precipices of
Morvcn and, bnt for it* opportune aid, would hare slip|>ed
down headlong into an unsuspected ravine. It accom¬
panied him np the Nile to the sacred island of Phil®,
and supported his steps over the sandy wastes of Lnxor. It
was with him when he visited the picturesque eyries of
the Engadine. and he clasped it firmly in his hand when
he trudged through the gardens and vineyards of Pro¬
vence. In less ambitions excursions it has never failed
him. Does he not recall the saloon-deck of the Cotnml a. the
cosy comer behind the paddle-box, the sudden pelt of rain as
the pleasnre-ship steamed through the Kyles of Bute, and the
picture of himself— and met her— sheltered beneath its concave
roof ! Oh, never was Cleopatra happier under the silken
canopy of her barge upon the Cydnus than h e—and the —
under that old umbrella ! And that night, too.at the Lyceum,
when the family carriage was missing, and again the welcome
shower descended, and once more the old umbrella warded tho
raindrops off a fair girlish head, as he— anil the —walked
homeward, rejoicing! Its grateful owner, as memory yields
these and other touching reminiscences, vows it shall hold an
honoured place among his heirlooms and trophies until the end
of the British Empire and—of Time.
There is much character in an umbrella ; that is to say, it
assumes to some extent the character of the man who owns it.
In the janitor's cage at a great exhibition you will sometimes
see a whole collection of umbractila, and will find it interesting
to stndy their idiosyncrasies. The sturdy, the defiant, the
aggressive, the susceptible, the retiring, the insinnating—all
are there 1 Remember Mr. Brown’s umbrella in Bulwer
Lytton’s " Disowned ”—it was a jiart of the man ; and
Micawbcr's umbrella in “David Copperfield ;" and Quilp's in
“The Old Cariosity Shop”—ivhat individuality in each I
Some of my middle-aged readers may not have forgotten
Adelphi )Vright's umbrella in " Paul Pry.” Was ever
anything more provokingly inquisitive? It seemed to
partake of the curiosity of its master—thrust itself in
before him everywhere—poked its ferrnlo into everybody's
business. This leads me to the obvions remark that the stage
as yet has done little with, or for, what should be a n.cst
effective property. If Mr. Vincent Crummies relied on a pump
as the foundation of a domestic drama, how much more might
be made of the umbrella, treated realistically ! Or, again,
what a subject it would supply for a “ shilling shocker ” !
What tragedies it may have witnessed, whut scenes of anger,
jealousy, revenge Or it might be treated in the Dr. Jokvll
and Mr. Hyde manner ; for no donbt ail umbrella dors stem
possessed of a second self when exposed to the violence of a
north-easter. A good deal, it is clear, remains to te done w ith
the umbrella.
Bnt with your own umbrella, most gentle reader, thcic ,'s
only one thing to be done— hep it W. II. D.-A.
The French Consul at Leghorn in a recent report states that tl e
coral industry has long flourished in Italy,it*chief centres being
Naples, Genoa, and Leghorn, but in recent years it has been
declining. The price, which in 188.1 was 800?. per kilogramme
for wrought coral, fell to 600f. in 1884, 400f. in 1885. and was
down to 2IK>r. in 1886 and 1887. 'lhe export from Leghorn,
which was valued at l],298,4l)0f. in 1S83. amounted only to
S.I04,600f. in 1886, while in quantity the exports increased in
these years by ton per cent. There was a little improvement
in 1887, but this is not believed to have been permanent. The
great fall in price, which is milling the industry in Leghorn, is
attributed to the large supplies which come from Sciacca, in
Sicily, and it is believed tbut these are dne to some kind of
submarine disturbance having put the coral where it is now
obtained. Raw coral of medium qnality has fallen in price
from inf. per kilogramme to 3f., and even less. The Consul
himself saw poor Sciocca coral sold for f>0 centimes the kilo¬
gramme. Ten years ago this would have cost about 8f. The
Hir st flourishing year for the coral industry w as 1880, when
the 8'dacca reef was discovered. The greater part of the coral
manufactured in Leghorn is sent to Russian Polaud, Finland,
Russia, the Balkan Peninsnln, Asia, and Africa. From the most
ancient times every country has had its favourite shapes. In
spile of the universal fall in prices, the best worked coral is
still dear. A perfect piece, of dark colour, about the size of a
pigeon's egg, is still worth 80of. to lOOOf.; ton rears ago it
would have cost IGOOf. to 1800f. Special pieces mch as this
are chiefly nsed to decorate the caps of mandarins or the
turbans of wealthy Mussulmans. The red, whitish, and
generally the light colours are less prized than the dark
ones. The export to some countries has declined, because
coral is now less used for nionev than it was ; but still
considerable quantities are sent to Abyssinia, the Congo
India. Ceylon, the Cape, Siberia, Japan, and China. The
merchants themselves cannot, tell how coral is used in all
these countries. It is believed that it is used to decorate
arrows, lances, Ac., and also that tho bodies of imi ortant
peisons are adorned with it after death. I'.asants in Central
Italy at one tune used it to ornament their persons, because
they knew that it could easily be turned into money when
necessary; but now they do not buy it with this idea
since the fall in prices has been so great. Many houses in
Leghorn m the trade are already shut up. Ten thousand
w omen were employed in the industry, nearly nil of whom
work at home; the number now is about half of this. Yet
nearly doable lhe quantity is now exported than in 1882 but
it is of inferior qnality and receives less handwork ’ No
machines are used, nor are there any mechanical processes*in
connection with the manufacture. The women give the re¬
quired forms to the pieces by hand. The women get from
•d. to lad. per day. In Europe coral is in little demand • it
seems to have a special suitability for barbarous and scini-
civthsed peoples.
The Bishop of Marlborough has been presented with a silver
salver and candlestick, subscribed for by the clergy and laity
of the diocese of Exeter as a token of their regard and esteem
on lus resigning the Archdeaconry of Totncs. The presenta¬
tion was made at the palace by the Bishop of Exeter.
Mr. Ritchie, president of the Local Government Board
was presented with the freedom of the Burgh of Dundee on
Oct 13, and, tn reply, he acknowledged the assistance which
lie had received from men of all parties during the passage of
the Local Government Bill through the House of Commons
He hoped that the members of the new councils would be
elected irrespective of party feeling.
rr ™ V, hester Po,i ®e-Court the Chairman of the Bench, Mr
H. W. Brown, has presented Dr. The!wall, of Farndon. with
the Royal Humane Society’s medal for conspicuous conrage
in saving life. Oil Aug. 28 a man flung himself into tho Dee
when it was in flood. Dr. Thelwall was passing, and jumped
into the river and brought the man ashore in ail unconscious
condition. He then set to work to restore animation, and
eventually succeeded.
Mr. H. C. Burdett, Secretary to the Share and Loan Depart¬
ment, Stock Exchange, has issued a table which exhibits the
state of the National Debt now that Conversion has been com¬
pleted. From this it appears that the existing New Two-and-
Three-Quarters per Cent Consols amount to £514.313.570 and
that there is £42,464,052 Old Consols and Reduced Three per
Cents outstanding. As regards these unconverted remainders,
the Chancellor of the Exchequer gave notice in Jnly last that
at the end of twelve months from date they would be paid off
when and how it pleased him, in amounts of not less than
£500,006 at a time.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 20, 1888.—464
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 20, 1888.—465
1
THE TWIN-SCREW BATTLE-SHIP HERO.
OCT. 20, ISfM
•It'ili
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
H..M.S. HKUO.
Tht* twin-sorew lir.ttle-sbip H*»ro. recently added to the \avv,
i* of the Gonquoror type. She is built of steel, and carries a
single turret 1*1* ft. in diameter. In this turret are mounted
two 15-ton breech-loading* guns. She has also four six-inch
guns, on sponsons, twelve quick-firing, and several machine
guns. The armour-plating is 12 in. thick on the sides, and
’.4 in. o:i the turret. The dimensions of the ship are—length,
27o fr. ; beam. 5S ft. : di-placement. iJ'Joo tons. She has engines
of iWno-horse power, which give her a speed of between fifteen
and sixteen knots an hour. The bunkers will carry B2o tons
of coal, which, at a ten-kftot speed, will carry her over 5ooi!
miles. During the recent mamenvres the Hero was attached
to Admiral Trvnn's squadron. She will now take up her
position at Portsmouth as tender to the Excellent. This ship
was constructed, at <’hat-ham. with greater celerity than any
other ironclad, either in private or public yards. There has
been a saving of £2i».DOO over the cost of her sister-ship, tlie
Conqueror, which was two years and eight months in hand,
whilst the Hero has been turned out in eighteen months and
six days. Another vess.d of the class of belted cruisers, the
immortalitc, is to be shortly commenced.
MUSIC.
As already intimat *d. the thirty-third series of Saturday after¬
noon concerts at the Crystal Palace was inaugurated on Oct. lit.
The programmer comprised Mozarts overture to *■ Die Zauhcr-
fldte” and licethoven's First Symphony (in C major), and two
pieces given for the first time at these concerts. These were
an overture. by Mr. Hannah MacCunn, entitled “The Doivic
Dens o’ Yarrow ” ; and Espaiia,” a rhapsody, by M.Chabrier.
The overture (which had been previously heard elsewhere)
is the production of a young Scottish musician, who
has recently attracted much attention by several com¬
positions evidencing great aptitude for the command of
orchestral variety and dramatic effect.. The work now referred
to gives further proof thereof, and it met with an enthusiastic
reception. The rhapsodj' is reflective of the national character
implied liy its title, and may have to be spoken of again when
better placed than at the end of the concert. Another instru¬
mental piece in the programme referred to was Liszt’s
elaborate, eccentric, and difficult pianoforte concerto in E Hat,
which received a highly skilful interpretation from Mr. Fritz
llartvigson. In this and in the orchestral pieces, the hand,
conducted by Mr. Manns, maintained its reputation. Vocal
pieces were contributed by Mdllc. (Intubogi.
Mr. Freeman Thomas's Promenade Concerts at Covent-
Garden Theatre closed—as we have previously intimated—on
Oct. 15, with a special performance for his benefit. At the
last, of the classical nights during the previous week Mrs.
Put-on Cook (who. as Miss Linda Scates, was a distinguished
pianoforte student of the Royal Academy of Music) played
Weber's Concert*! lick with sound taste and judgment; and
Mr. llernard Carrodus (son of the eminent violinist) executed
two solo pieces by Wieniawski with special effect. Madame
Belle Cole and Mr. II. Piercy were the vocalists, and the pro¬
gramme included sterling orchestral music worthily rendered.
The little theatre in Great Queen-street, Hoi horn (formerly
called the *• Novelty ’’ and now entitled the " Jodrell ”). was
announced to reopen with performances by the Russian
National Opera Company. The concerts recently given by
the company at the Royal Albert Hall have been noticed by
us. In their new venture they have the advantages (before
wanting) of dramatic action and scenic surroundings; although
the locale chosen is of very limited capacity for the presenta¬
tion of grand opera. Of* the performances wc must speak
hereafter.
The arrangements for the sn-e tiled festival at Hanley on
Ocf, II—a tentative experiment with a view to more extensive
operations in future—have already been given by us in detail.
Madame Adelina Patti recently gave a concert at Swansea,
for the benefit of the hospital there and of the poor around
her cattle of Craig-y-nos; this occasion having been one of
several on which the great primn-donnn has exercised her
rare gifts for similar benevolent purposes. Her own in¬
comparable performances, and the co-operation of other
eminent artists, combined to realise an attractive and varied
programme.
THE BRISTOL FESTIVAL.
Wc have previously given details of the arrangements for this
event, which closed on Oct. lib These celebrations are of
comparatively recent institution, this having been the sixth
triennial occasion. As with the older established festivals
(those of the three cathedral cities of Hereford, Gloucester,
and Worcester : and of Birmingham), the Bristol performances
are given with a benevolent purpos" ; in this instance, in aid
of important local medical institutions hv which large benefits
are bestowed oil the many in need of them in the locality and
neighbourhood. Bristol has not. as yet. greatly distinguished
irs-lf. as Birmingham has. in the production of grand works
especially commissioned for the festival : but, ou the oth.-r
hand, the programmes include many important compositions,
sacred and secular, and the means for their interpretation arc
of adequale extent ami efficiency.
As we have already given particulars of the arrangements
for the festival which closed on Oct. lit, but little remains now
to be said beyond recording its commencement, when the
programme for the morning consisted of “ Elijah,” that of the
evening miscellaneous concert, having comprised many interest¬
ing vocal and instrumental pieces, among them having been a
selection from Gluck’s opera. “Iphigcnie en Tail ride,” and
Schumann’s pianoforte concerto in A minor, played by Sir
Charles Halle.
The performance* generally must he referred to hereafter,
when brief notice will suffice, the works performed, although
strong in interest and variety, having all been more or less
familiar. _
At Charing crr-s Hospital medical school, the scholarship
of fifty guineas open to students of the Universities of Oxford
and Cambridge has been awarded to Mr. Albert Carling, of St.
John's College. Cambridge. The culm lire scholarship of
loo guineas has been award is 1 to Mr. William Escombe, and
that of fifty guineas to Mr. Percy J. Probyn.
Conferences attended by members of the National Associa¬
tion of Ceitifled Reformatory and Industrial Schools have been
held in the lecture-room of the Society of Arts. Adelphi. to
consider the provisions of the Reformatory and Industrial
Schools Bills introduced into the House of Lords by the
Government, a number of amendments being suggested.
Alderman Turney, the May* r of Nottingham, uiiveihd on
Oct. 12 a statue of the late .Mr. Samuel Morley. which has
been erected at the top of Market street. Nottingham, by
public subscription. The inscription reads ;—"Samuel Morley.
member of Parliament, merchant, philanthropist, friend.
s<H’ial reformer. Christian citizen.” The Mayor cntertaiui d
the delegates to the Congregational Union to breakfast before
the ceremony, and then a procession was formed to the
stat ic. Ten thousand persons were present.
CIIKSS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Solution of Puoulfji No. 2320.
1. KitnQtith Any move
2. Malls accordingly.
PROBLEM NO. 232*.
By M us. T. B. Rowi. sn.
BLACK.
White to piny, and mate in two mores.
The Kh Mfhtinir Prnhh-m umrney has result el as follows:—For
mite in ihrce iuo\<“-: First prize, t». ,1. Slater: second, K. J. Cooper. For
iii.il>* in two moves; First prize. T. Taverner: A. Bolus. The
Kdiuioii oontt .-I riidod in a 11>* bi'iwu-n three Itnr* for each prize.
\\Y lEve In-I'Ov (tie pn«M.*m- wliirli h*»*iiiv I tirs1 honours
Whit*': K at g R 2nd. g at g It 1th. U at Q U 4th, Kt» al K till an l K R
K;h. I’ at K It i»ih.
lU.u l;: K at K B f.tli, IV al K Kt 6tli and g B 6th.
While to play, an 1 mate In tine • moves.
K at K R 2ml. Q at Q It 7ih, It at K fltli. Kt at Qfilh. it at K R
Kill. IS at g It 2nd and g It Mil.
/t tirk: K ai g Mb, Kts at g Kt 3rd and g Kt 5th, P at Q It 7th.
White to play, and mail- in two moves.
Mr. (J. .1, Slater, whose we have jttst reeorde i. nniionnees for
eiiiy pnMIcntion a eoi!.--nmi of problems, under the title of •• Slater’s
Selected Star.-." Mr. Slater’.- merit.- a.- a roni|s*M-r are so well known that
I he work ointht to m««*t wiili a great demand, equ-rially as a la rire pro¬
portion of the problems will Ik- those that have won prize.- in various
roni|ieiit:oiis. An intiodiietioii llln-tratlve of probh-m eoni|Misiiion Is also
promise 1, in whieli the subject Is io In* dealt with on an entirely new basis.
on Monday, Ori. s, Mr. J. II. Blaekbnrne playol rUrln simultaneous
blitidf.d I yatiles against tile same number of liiendieiv of the City of
London fiie-s Cltth. (Vnnnienrini; shortly after six piny mntinned, save
for a brief interval at nine p.m., till the hist game ended at 11.3 ). when Mr.
Bliekhnrne aehieved. without :ip|iarent fatigue, the font of winning live
games and drawing thiee. The attendanee was large, and the result
revive! with mm’h applause. On the Friday preeedimz. Mr. Blaekbttme
gave an exhibition of simultaneous play over the board, when he won
eVhtcen ironies. drew two, and lo-i none.
An o|en han Neap tournament Is nimounee! to eoinmenee at Simeon's
mi Nov. 1. About twenty entries are expected, ineludlmr isubject toenirage-
III Ills! J. H. Blaekba ne, Von Banleti-lieu. C. Muller. F. L**e. W II. K.
Pollock, mnI II. E. Bird. Mr. Henley, of Simpson s, is h»n. tn-isurer, ai;tl
the comjiany head the list with a Mib.-erlption. Ail further information can
lw ohtaitied. either i***r.-onal)y orhv letter, of the lion, secretary. Mr. Bird.
We liare received the sixth annual report- of the Brighton Chess Club,
whirh deals with a siimuluiiy successful your , not one of Its lnter-elub
uiatche.- having Ikcii lost. Tin* championship Cup was again taken hy Mr.
II. W. Butler, and the Handicap Cup by Mr. T. Smith. Altogether the club
seems to bo of considerable strength, and Its prosperity si>eaks well for the
enenty of its executive.
The fourteenth annual mceilmrof (he Manchester Athemvnm Chess Club
was ru-ld on Oct. 2, when the commit tie's report and the trea-urers areotitit
wen* presented, and both prove 1 of a most sal Is fact orv order. There arc
ntsnit I to member- on the books, and a full programme of engagements was
got through with marke I se.ee**->. Mr. C. A. I Hist won tin* ojieti handicap,
and the prizes of the junior handicap were divided after a second tie. A new
proirraimne. of much interest, has been arranged.
Wm have also r<*'*« ived refNirts of the chess chibs at Hanley, Battersea,
and Ph'iimmli. w hich tell the same tale of progress and pros] orlry. and
N*ar striking evidem,. of the marked interr-sl in the game which is now
shown in all parts of the country.
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seticxri: jottings.
THE FALL OF TIIE LEAF.
Tlic time of the polden reapinc" is over, anil the tints of (lie
autumn season already dick the fnee of the land. It is a
peaceful time, this autumnal period—to my mind the most
peaceful of the year. Spring is. in itself, a time of natural
bustle and preparation. All is activity in the world of plant-
life. The sap is maturing, and its products arc bursting forth
in the shape of swelling bud and expanding leaf. Summer is
also a season of unrest. Naiure has much to do in the ‘‘rosy
time of the year.” After the leaf comes the flower, and it is a
great and important business this, of spreading petals, of
issuing invitations to the insects, of fertilisation, and of fore¬
shadowing the fruit. Winter is all gloom and chill. Plant-
life has either died out, or has gone to sleep beneath the snow.
But for the hardy evergreens, there is no sign of vitality on the
earth. .So these three seasons are neither restful nor show the
great virtue of patient quiescence. But, with autumn, how
different things seem. Now you have the repose of N'nture,
and the mellow rest of the year. Activity is over, and you
have come to the time of quiet fullness. Seed-time and ripening
have passed away, and reaping-time itself has just gone by.
As you sit on the lawn this autumn evening the spirit of rest
sinks into your heart and mind ; the world is almost lulled to
sleep, hut li flood of memories, mostly grave, rushes across the
vista of your past. The rooks have gone to sleep earlier than
nsual this eveuing, and only a very late swift or swallow dis¬
turbs the evening air with the light whirr of its wings. Our
lives repeat the seasons in their changing years : but the time
when the tints deepen and the rich browns and purples replace
the green hues of the summer days, brings all its own delight
in the sweet “ harvest of a quiet eye.”
There is not a leaf round or about us to-night, save those of
the evergreens, which does not speak of the waning of the life
of the year. Primarily, think of a leaf and its uses. Between,
twodclicate skins you find enclosed a multitude of the micro¬
scopic hags or sacs wc name cells. On the upper side of the
leaf these ceils arc long, and placed close together. From
their resemblance to the arrangements of the slabs in n close
paling, these upper cells form what is known ns the *• palisade "
layer. They are full of the green colouring matter which
botanists know as chlorophyll. This, indeed, is why the upper
side of a leaf is coloured of a darker green line than its under
surface. You have more chlorophyll above than below. It is
leaf-colour, not sunlight, which makes the difference yon have
noted. Below this upper and close layer of cells you find a
second layer. There the cells arc loosely set together. Between
them there are numerous gaps and spaces, and you can see, in a
microscopic study of a leaf, that many of these spaces open on
the under surface of the leaf in curious little apertures, called
ttumntn. Existing hy thousands on the under surface of
leaves (there are more than a million on that lime-tree's leaf)
each of these little mouths is really an opening bounded by
two half-moon-shaped cells—the “ guard cells.'’ These months
close iindry weather, but open in damp weather to allow the
excess of moisture to escape from the plant. They are inti¬
mately connected, you observe, with the life and nutrition of
the plant, and. in truth, the whole leaf is part and parcel of
the plant's digestive economy.
But enough of leaf-structure. I merely dip into plant-
anatomy to give you an idea of the complex nature of the
foliage ; and you will be the better able to realise the magni¬
tude of the fall of the leaf when you know what a leaf
really is. For a week or two past you have been watching
the changing hues of the foliage ; these changes are the signs
of true death. The water which, absorbed by the roots, is
carried up to the leaves to play its part in the plant's nourish¬
ment, contains minerals dissolved therein. This mineral
matter remains behind : it chokes and clogs the vessels and
cells of the leaf until, iu the autumn-time, the leaf becomes
cut off from all sources of nutritive supply. When leaves fall
and decay you note that they must return to the soil the
minerals stolen from it by the roots of the plant. By its death
the leaf therefore returns, like the animal itself, to the matter
whence it arose. Then, puri /iiikxii. come those change s in
colour which precede the death of the foliage. You see the
yellow of the birch and the willow : here and there you behold
the red tint of that climbing vine: ami the wood beyond is
varied enough in its autumnal dress. How these tints are pro¬
duced is, perchance, not yet quite a matter of hnianical
certaintv. The green colour becomes cbemieallv acted upon,
and it may be that it is resolved into other substances aftcrall.
But here, as elsewhere, that we call decay is only change. You
cannot destroy matter, you only change and alter its form.
Nature herself teaches 11s the same wholesome lesson. That
dead leaf, which will shortly decompose and vanish away,
preaches nevertheless, when we know its history, the great
truth that it has not been annihilated, but that its matter in
fresh combinations will contribute to the welfare of the foliage
with which the warmth of next spring will deck the trees.
Then the leaf falls. In some trees, leaves persist for
years. That Scotch fir may keep its leaves for four or live
years : in other firs, they are saiii to remain for ten or twelve
years. But these are dry. solid leaves, and stand somewhat
outside the category of those whose fall is heralded by the
lengthening nights. Think of vonr leaf when it was displayed
in all the glory of its full development, with broad green
blade and lusty stalk. That stalk is a direct continuation of
stem or branch. Into its substance, and tlience into the leaf,
pass the vessels or fibres which become the ‘•veins;* When
autumn approaches, however, you observe a change to occur in
the hitherto strong attachment between leaf and branch. As
animal structures decay and wax old, as hones become more
brittle and as blood-vessels develop rigid walls in place of
their former elastic boundaries, so wo have observed the leaf to
become clogged with mineral matter. Then succeed changes
of more intricate nature. Between the stalk of the leaf and
the branch on which it is borne, a layer or two of cells is
found to become affected by the stoppage of the leaf's food-
supply. In this lnycr the cells become disintegrated ; they
undergo dissolution, and thus come to constitute a kind
of barrier-line between the leaf-stalk and the branch.
It is the old story this, of - the little rift within the lute. "
which by-and-by will silence the harmony of Nature's vital
activities. Next., this process of disconnection deepens.
The cells and fibres of the leaf-stalk begin to decay at the
barrier - lino which has been marked out from within.
A faint mark shows where the leaf and the branch will
part company. In some leaves, indeed, you may see this
line of disjunction early enough in the season. Then, on each
side of the line within, at the joining of leaf-stalk and
branch, the cells become hardened. The stalk then gives
way. the dead leaf flutters to the ground, and only a scar—
but a scar that is healed in truth—remains to mark the
place where once grew the living item of the tree-economy.
Even in her measures for the separation of tree and leaf,
Nature shows a kimllv phase. There is no rudeness, harshness,
or severity, but only a mild process of gradual separation and
almost invisible decay when the leaf falls and flutters to the
ground. Axdkew WTusox.
OCT. 20, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
467
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
Th? will (dated Jnly 7, 1884). with a codicil (dated Nov. 15
1887), of the late 31 r. Charles Markham, J.P.. of Tapton House’
Chesterfield, Derbyshire, who died on An g. 3) last, has been’
proved in the Principal Registry by the executors—H. W. K.
Markham, the nephew, Mrs. Rosa Markham, the widow, and
Charles Paxton Markham and Arthur Basil Markham, the
sons, the value of the personal estate being sworn under
£233,IKK). The testator gives legacies of £500 each to his
widow and his nephew and executor, H. W. K. Markham,
and devises his house and grounds at Tapton. and the whole of
the effects therein, to his widow, 31 rs. Rosa Markham, for her
life, and after her decease to his son C. P. 31arkham, subject to a
charge of £6000 on their marriage settlement. The testator
further directs the sura of £55,000 to be set aside and invested
for his widow, for her life; two sums of £20,000 each for his two
daughters, Geraldine and Violet; and £6000 to his sister, Mrs.
Mary Lovell. The residue of his estate is directed to bo
divided in equal shares bofcwccn his two sons, above mentioned,
C. P. Markham and A. B. Markham.
The Scotch Confirmation, under the seal of the Commissary
Court of Elgin and Nairn, of the last will and testament
(date! Nov. 30, 1887) of Lady Anne Pitcairn Gordon-Cumming,
late of Alfcyre and Gordonstown, in the county of Elgin, who
died on Aug. 18 last, granted to Sir William Gordon Gordon-
Cumming, Bart, and Walter Frederick Campbell Gordon-
Cumming. the executors nominate, was resealed in London on
Oct. 8, the value of the personal estate in Engloud and
Scotland exceeding £14,000.
The Scotch Confirmation, under the seal of the Commissary
Court of Elgin and Nairn, of the trust disposition and settle¬
ment (dated Feb. 21, 1877) of the Ut. Hon. James Ogilvie
Grant, Earl of Seafield, M.P. for Elgin and Nairn from 1868
to 1874. late of Mayne, Elgin; N.B..and No. 61, Onslow-gardens,
granted to Major-General Frederick William Edward Forestier
Walker, the accepting executor nominate, was resealed in
London on Oct. 11. the value of the personal estate in England
and Scotland exceeding £1800.
The will (as contained in paper writings marked A. B, C,
D, E. and F) of Mr. William
James Scarlett, of No. 200,
Queen’s - gate, and Scheraore
House. Giglia, Argyll, who died
on July HI last, was proved on
Oct. 8 by Thomas Roland Scarlett
and Harry Scarlett, the brothers,
Thomas Yate Benyon.and Richard
James Streatfield, the executors,
the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £ 142 J KM).
The testator leaves £lu.ooo, upon
trust, for each of his younger
children ; £5'H> to each executor;
£3oo to his sister. Annie; and
all his late wife's jewellery be¬
tween his daughters. He devises
his Scotch estates, upon trust, for
his eldest son and the heirs male
of liis body. The residue of his
property goes to his son who shall
first attain the age of twentr-one.
The will (dated May 19, *1886)
of Mr. John Ralph Engledue, late
of No. 3, Durham-villas. Kensing¬
ton. who died on J ulv 10 last, was
proved on Oct. 10 by Lewis John
Martin Mason and '1 homas Threl-
fnll. two of the executors, power
being reserved to John Simson,
the other executor, to come in and
prove ; the value of the personal
estate amounting to over £1)5,000.
The testator, after making pecu¬
niary and other bequests, leaves
the residue of his real and personal
estate, upon trust, for his six
children, in equal shares.
The will (dated Nov. 1, 1877)
of Mr. Charles Wetherell Wardle,
late of Linton Spring, Spofforth,
Yorkshire, engineer, who died on
July 2 last, has been proved in
the Wakefield District Registry
hv E<1 wi n Wanile, t he son .William
Henry Leather, and George Hind
Nelson, the executors, the value of the personal estate amount¬
ing to upwards of £72,000. The testator bequeaths £500, the
use. for life, of his house, with the gardens, stables, and the
furniture, plate, 4;e.. therein, and au annuity of £2000 to his
wife, Mrs. Anne Eliza Wardle; and £lo.oo0 each to his
daughters, 31 rs. Alice Mary Piccoli, Mrs. Adelaide Eliza
Sanderson, 31 rs. Fanny 3Iaria Smith, Mrs. Clara Richardson,
and Harriet Emily Wardle. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves to his son, Edwin Wardle, absolutely.
The will (dated Jan. 7, 1888) and a codicil (dated July 11),
188s) of the Countess Isabella Jane English (Contessa Romana),
late of No. 8, Ulster-terrace. Rege nt’s Park, and Dun Esk.
leignmomh, who died on Sept. 2 last, were proved on Oct. 0
by the Rev. James Shepherd, Austin John King, and James
larfitt.tbe executors, the. value of the personal estate exceeding
£47,000. The testatrix bequeaths £3000 to the Prior Park
College, near Bath, and a further sum of £2000 to found a
theological chair ; £1000 each to the Seminary of St. Thomas.
Hammersmith, the Superior of St. Charles's College, St.
Charles’-square, and the Superior of the St. Scholastica at
Iran Esk; £100 each to the Suf eriors of the Franciscans at
Stratford and Portobello-road, the Sisters of Mercy, Blandford-
*quare, and the Poor Clares at Notting-hill; £1000 to Janus
jmJuIa* to ^ a8t ‘ n Joseph King, £5000 and an additional
T u t< l > carr 3 r on her house for twelve months after her death,
to the Rev. James Shepherd ; the original likeness of his
Holiness Pins Nono to Cardinal Manning ; and very numerous
legacies t° relatives, servants, and Roman Catholic institutions,
i „ residue of her property she leaves to the Prior Fark
College, for the benefit thereof.
The will (dated Jane 3. 1884), with three codicils (dated
Uct. 2.> 1884, and June 28 and Oct 22, 1886). of Miss Hannah
a 1 !- a ’ lato k'°' 4, Louisa-terrace, Exmouth, Devon,
vrno died on Aug. 14, was proved on Oct. 8 by Henry Rivington
Hill, the brother, John Park Sweetland. the nephew, and I ho
Kev. Benjamin Fuller James, the executors, the valnc of the
personal estate exceeding £45,000. The testatrix givis her
If™;®® 9 ® contents to her niece Elizabeth Mary Hill ;
~ 1 V W her brother, Henry; £ 100 each to her other executors;
and numerous small legacies to relatives and servants. The
residue of her real and personal estate she loaves, as to ono
alf thereof, to her brother, Henry ; and the other half to lier
w*™. Ed'vaid Maddox Sweetland and John Park Rweet-
anu, and her nieoe Sarah Matilda Greenfell, her said nicco to
nave £ 1000 more than her nephews.
The will (dated Oct. 26, 1879). with a codicil (dated
Juno 12, 1884), of Mr. Richard Micklethwait, J.P.. late of
Ardsley House, Barnsley, Yorkshire, who died on July 9 last,
was proved at the Wakefield District Registry in September
by Richard Micklethwait Stansfeld, one of the executors, tho
valne of the personal estate exceeding £34,000. The testator
charges his “ Ardsley settled estates," with the payment of
£8000 each to his younger sons and £3000 each to his
daughters. He devises his “ unsettled Ardsley estates ” to his
son, Richard Key Micklethwait, for life, with remainder
to his first and other sons, according to seniority in tail male,
but charged with tho payment of £10,000 as portions for his
daughters ; and certain other lands and premises in Yorkshire
he leaves to his other sons, John Leonard and George Whitley,
but charged with the payment of £300 per annum to his wife,
in addition to her jointure of £300. His household furniture
he leaves to his wife, for life, and also the sum of £1000 ; and
there are other legacies. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves to his son who shall first attain the age of
twenty-one.
The will (dated Oct. IS, 1887) of Mr. William Chalker, late
of Bello V ne House, Newbridge Hill, Weston, near Hath, who
died on Aug. 23 last, was proved on Oct. 8 by Mrs. Sophia
Chalker, the widow, and William John Cbalker, Henry
Chalkcr, and Charles Chalker, the sons, the executors, the
value of the personal estate- exceeding £33,000. The testator
bequeaths £ loo. the use, for life, of one of his messuages, and
his household furniture, plate, horses and carriages, and an
annuity of £300 to his wife ; subject thereto, he leaves all his
property between his children. William John, Henry, Charles,
Sophia, and Elizabeth, in equal shares, but all sums advanced
to them daring his life is to be brought into hotchpot.
AMBULANCE-WORK FOR COAL-MINERS.
The recent Act of Parliament for regulating the management
of mines, which came into force at the beginning of this year,
contains a very important clanse making provision for the
better care of the unfortunate miners who get injured in many
ways happening every day. It is now compulsory on mine-
owners to have in every colliery a supply of bandages, splints,
and tourniquets, ready for application to the injured, with a
stretcher or ambulance on which the patient may be carried.
The former mode of removing the injured was by an ordinary
colliery cart, and no means were previously nsed to relieve
suffering by steadying a broken limb with splints and bandages.
By each rough treatment, a simple injury was too often con¬
verted into one of a much more serious character, attended by
a much longer period of suffering, and frequently by death.
The St. John Ambulance Association anticipated tho
coming into force of this Act by sending its able represent¬
ative. Surgeon-Major Hutton, to organise classes throughout
the mining counties. In the North of England, the work
was speedily taken up by Mr. Waynman Dixon, of
Middlcsborough ; Dr. Alfred Mantle, M.ll., of Stanley, in
Durham : and other gentlemen ; and, in a comparatively short
time, hundreds of miners, after attending a course of lectures
and passing the necessary examination, received certificates of
competency to render “ first aid " to the injured.
As the outcome of so many classes being formed and cer¬
tificates granted, the largest review and demonstration of
ambulance work ever witnessed in this country took place on
Saturday, Sept. 29. in Beamish Park (eight miles from
Durham), the seat of M r. T. Duncombe Eden. A more pic¬
turesque spot, or one better adapted for snch a gathering,
could scarcely be fonnd than this park, which by the kindness
of Mr. Eden was granted for the occasion. Three hundred
miners, weaving the badges of the Association, walked four
abreast, each class preceded by two men carrying the stretcher,
the procession being beaded by the South Derwent Colliery
Band, with a detachment of ambulance members of the
County Constabulary. The whole of the exercises and drills
were carried out under the direction of Snrgeon-Major Hatton
and Dr. Mantle. The first part was the nse of the tri¬
angular bandage. Professor Esmarch's three-cornered bandage,
which can lie tied in no fewer than thirty-two different ways,
and can be nsed for any injury to the hnman frame. Snrgeon-
Major Ilntton advises the miners, wherever they go, to have
their pocket-handkerchiefs made on this triangular pattern.
The next portion of the programme consisted of the various
modes of carrying the injured, first with, aiid then without,
stretchers. Then camoan exposition of Captain Shaw's method
of carrying persons out of burning buildings; tho rescuer
throws the person rescued over his shoulder or back in any
position, but always in such a way as to leave one arm free for
the rescuer to use in hanging to a ladder or other object. The
method of restoring persons suffocated in burning buildings or
from foul air in mines was next shown. Thercare two methods of
doing this, one known as the Sylvester and the other as the
Marshall-Hall system. The Board of Trade, however, in a
recent order, adopted the Sylvester system, which is the one
now generally practised. The next exercise was that of the
restoration of the apparently drowned by the Marshall-Hall
system. Then a loud report was beard, which was supposed
to have been a pit explosion, and men with the following
injuries were immediately attended to:—(I) broken thigh ; (2)
broken leg below knee ; (3) injured head and ribs; (4) injured
spine: (5) wounded thigh, artery, and broken thigh; (6)
wounded arm, artery, and broken collar-bone; (7) wounded
artery below knee. A second explosion followed shortly after
to give the remainder of the classes an opportunity of showing
their skill. Several of Messrs. Atkinson and Philipson's (of
Newcastle) wheel-litters were used. This concluded the drill.
The men who had taken part in the demonstration and the
visitors drew near the lawn, and were addressed by several
gentlemen, among them Mr. John Graham, the comity
Coroner, who bore testimony to the benefits of ambulance
instruction.
BLACK-BUCK SHOOTING IN INDIA.
Indian antelopes are pretty, graceful animals, standing at cut
as high as an English sheep. The buck is very handsome : a
good specimen will be jet-black on his back and liaif-way
down his sides, while the under part of his body is snowy
white. His horns are spiral and slender; sometimes they are
widely spread, and sometimes close together; they are sup¬
posed to be most perfect when they approach the form of an
equilateral triangle. We are told that the best horn on record
mcasnres about 28 inches. 1 he females, which have no boms,
are of a delicate fawn colour.
Shooting black-buck, though perhaps not a very exciting
sport, is not bad fnn. When they have been much hunted and
fired at, they get very wild, and can only be approached by
stratagem. Oue plan is to make a native lead your horse
round the antelope, in a gradually
decreasing circle, while you walk
on the outer side of the horse.
When you get close enough, you
lie down ; and the horse walks
on a little way, to enable you to
fire.
Our correspondent, whese
sketches are engraved on another
page, was one day stalking black-
lmck in this manner, when liis
horse, rather objecting to he nsed
ns •' cover," suddenly turned and
kicked his owner with both heels,
Bending him and his rifle, which
was at full cock, spinning round
the same centre. Luckily, the
rifle did not go off; but, of course,
the buck did.
Riding down a wounded bnck
is considered by some to be ex¬
cellent sport. The first buck that
our correspondent ever got was
killed in this way. A rifle-shot
had broken the buck's hind-leg at
the hock ; but he went away on
three legs. The sportsman then
seised a hog-spear, mounted his
horse, which had been trained to
pig-sticking, and rode after the
crippled animal, a chase of about
four hours, through a rough
country with small patches of
jungle, till the buck was speared.
When the indigo • plant is
about 2 ft. high, the antelopes
will often allow persons to ap¬
proach very near them before
they move; then you have to
shoot them running, or rather
jumping, which is very pretty.
Our correspondent has often tried
to approach them in natives’
bullock - carts. They take no
notice of the cart so long as it
proceeds along the usual road ;
but the instant it leaves the wonted track they smell a
rat, and arc off. A fine herd of antelopes is a grand sight; the
does often number a hundred or more : there are usually two
or three young bucks, and a grand old one, coal-black, who
walks last of the herd.
The Town Council of Leeds have unanimously resolved to
purchase, if possible, Kirkstall Abbey, at a cost of £6000.
Mrs. Henderson, for many years housekeeper to her Majesty
died on Oct. 13 at Windsor Castle, of bronchitis. The deceased’
was attended by Sir William Jenner.
The Irish Poplin Manufactory, at 31, College-green. Dublin
have obtained another large order from the Queen of Italy for
their excellent fabrics. J
At Trinity College, Cambridge University, the four vacant
fellowships have been bestowed upon the’following gentle¬
men. all of whom were formerly scholars of the college • (1)
Mr. Hugh Vibart Macnaghten, B.A., Craven Scholar, 1883.
Chancellor's Medallist and First-class Classic. 1883 • C>) Mr
Arthur Fenton Hort, B.A., First Division of Classical Tripos]
Taft I.. 1883. and First-class of Part II., 1886 ; (3) Mr. Henry
Bury. It.A.. First-class Natural Science Tripos. 1883 ; (1( Jir
Alfred Cardew Dixon, B.A., Senior Wrangler, 1886, aiid First-
class, Division I., of Mathematical Tripos (final), 1887._At
Queen s College the following scholars of the college have
been elected into vacant fellowships(l) Robert Hatch
Kennett, B.A., Senior in the Semitic Languages Tripos. 1886
Tyrwhitt Hebrew Scholar, 1887, Mason Prize for Biblical
Hebrew, 1887; (2) William Stanley Mclsome, B.A.. First-class
Natural Sciences Tripos, Part I., June, 1886, and First-class
Natural Sciences Tripos, Part II., June, 1887. for Physiologv.
At the same meeting Francis Giffnrd Ploistowe, B.A., was
awarded an Exhibition of £20.—At Oxford the following gentle¬
men have been elected to Classical Exhibitions at Worcester
College : Mr. Frank Eric Charles Drew, of Leamington College-
Mr. Richard St. John Vavasour,of Rossall School; Mr. Morrice
A1 fred Edwards, of King's College School, Loudon : J! r. Herbert
Joseph Tiffen. of Malvern College. The scholarships at Lady
Margaret's Hall have been awarded in the following order :_
(1) Miss Pemberton (classics); (2) Miss Mary Hollings
(modem history). A prize of £10 has been given to Miss
Cayley for distinction in modern languages. Tho Right Rev.
Richard Durnford. D.D., Bishop of Chichester, has been elected
to an Honorary Fellowship at Magdalen College.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 20, 1888.—468
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470
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 20, 1888
THE TREATMENT OF TOE LATE EMPEROR FREDERICK.
The publication of Sir Morell Mackenzies book, entitled "Tho
Fatal Illness of Frederick the Noble." giving hisacconntof the
malady and the medical or surgical treatment of the late
German Emperor, from May. 1**7, to the death of the illus.
trious patieut in June this year, arouses a bitter professional
controversy, the merits of which cannot hastily be judged by
unlearned persons, anti which ought nowise to be prejudiced,
on either side, by partiality to English or to German pro^
feasor* of the healing science and art. Professor Von Berg-
maun. who is accused of having, on April 12, in the presence
of .Sir Morell Mackenzie and Mr. Hovell, grossly mismanaged
the operation of inserting a new cannula into the wind-pipe,
misdirecting its course, and forcing it through the soft tissues
in front of the trachea, inflicting thereby severe torture and
causing a wound followed by copious bleeding, flatly denies
this accusation. He appeals to the evidence of the post¬
mortem made eight weeks afterwards, with Professor Virchow's
report npon it, which showed no signs of inflammation in the
cellular tissues between the trachea and the sternum, or
breast-bone; and to Professor Virchow’s opinion that the
inflammation of the lungs, which was the immediate cause
of death, had begun not longer than two weeks before the
patient died, “ probably not more than six or seven days.” On
the other hand, there is a note in the late Emperor s hand¬
writing. delivered by his Majesty three days before his death
to Sir Morell Mackenzie, in which he refers to an occasion
when, as he says. “ Bergraann ill-treated me.” This note does
not appear in Sir Morell Mackenzie's book, but a photograph
of it has been taken, and a facsimile of it has been published,
without Sir 3!orell Mackenzie's knowledge or consent, in the
British Medical Journal. Sir Morell Mackenzie further states
that the Emperor expressed to him a hope that Professor
Bergmann would not be allowed to perform any more
operations on liim. With regard to the earlier disputes
between himself and the German physicians mid surgeons,
concerning the diagnosis of the malady and the expediency
of a cutting operation, and the searing or burning treat¬
ment then resorted to by Professor Gerhardt, the observations
of Sir Morell Mackenzie will be duly considered by professional
men all over Europe. In the meantime, the sale of his book
has been prohibited by the police authorities in Berlin, Leipsic,
and other cities of Germany, and thousands of copies of the
German translation have been seized and confiscated ; but
large extracts had already found their way into the German
newspapers. The publication in England, on the other hand,
of a translation of t.he official statements made by the German
physicians and surgeons was hindered by an intimation that
proceedings for libel would be taken here if these statements
were injurious to the character of Sir Morell Mackenzie. The
most essential parts, however, are given in the Times review
of Sir Morell Mackenzie’s book.
An order has been issued by the Education Department
fixing the triennial election of the School Board for London for
Monday, Nov. 26, and appointing as returning officer Sir
Thomas Chambers, Q.C., Recorder of the City of London, or his
deputy. The School Board will consist of fifty-five members.
MARRIAGES.
A fashionable company assembled at St. Paul’s Church,
Knightsbridge, on Oct. 10, to witness the marriage of Mr.
William Crndock-Hartopp, second son of the late Sir John
Cradock-Hartopp, of Four Oaks Park, Warwickshire, and
Aston, Flamvilie, Leicestershire, with Miss Janet Spicer,
youngest daughter of the late Mr. John William Gooch Spicer,
of Spye Park, Wilts. The service was fully choral.
On the same day Feltwell, in Norfolk, was quite gay on the
occasion of the marriage of Mr. T. Fowell Victor Bnxton,
eldest son of Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, Bart., with Miss
Annie Matilda O’Borke, daughter of the Rector of that parish.
The marriage took place on Oct. 11, at St. Paul's Churcli,
Knightsbridge, of Captain F. Fetherstonhaugh, A.D.C. (the
Cameronians), with Miss Beatrice Glyn, youngest daughter of
the late Hon. St. Leger Glyn.
At St. Mary Abbott’s, Kensington, on the same day, the
marriage of Sir Joseph Dodge Weston, of Dorset House, Clifton,
with Miss A. Beloe, youngest daughter of the late Mr. C. P.
Beloe, Clifton, was solemnised.
The marriage of Mr. Francis Newdigate to the lion.
Elizabeth Lncia Bagob, youngest daughter of the late Lord
Bagot and sister to the present Peer, was solemnised on the
13th, at St. Paul’s Church, Knightsbridge, before a large and
aristocratic congregation. Loni Bn got gave his sister away.
The bridesmaids were—The Hon. Katta Bagot, sister of the
bride : the Misses Agar Ellis (two), Miss SybelBass, Miss Mary
Newdigate, and Miss Chandos Leigh.
THE GROSVENOR CLUB,
135, NEW BOND-ST., W.
Thi* Club, which i» proprietary and im a non-political basis, numbers 1100
members. It contains the usual Club-Rooms, has been recently redecorated, and
is lighted throughout by means of Electricity. To meet the espouses of further
proposed improvements, by an infur of members, the Committee has resolved
to temporarily suspend the entranc- fee.
Members hare free admission to the Galleries dnnny the Exhibition.
Ill members hare the privilege of subscribing to the large Circulating Library,
fort hr use of their families, at a reduced rate Forjading in the (tub boohs
tvr supplied free of expense to members. The Club liefunice Ltbianj is
' r llM«l\L fi Smoki«9 and other Concerts have been successfully inaugurated.
The long association of the Gnmrnor Gallery with art should rendei this
Club attract ire to artists as well as to profess,anal, literary, scientific, and
other gentlemen. r.uincas for town. Three Guineas for country
NOVELTIES IN JEWELLERY.
ie Brilliant Diniiion.l I ...
from £15 in &% «»r lla.r-Pm, rrom £13 to £*«.
30-4, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON.
S. SAINSBURY’S
P 'S"S”’ LAVENDER
.. * WATER,
Lavender Flowers and most choice and
delicate scents.
VERY LASTING.
176 Ss 177, STRAND, LONDON.
ay Bookstalls and generally throughout the country.
and 6 k.; post-free, 2d. extra. In rent Cases, wittl
3s. to I*»s. Od.; post-free, 3d. extra.
At the Rat
s. Gd.. 2 . 8»., 4 s. Od.,
ffjr Presents, from
, from O i
49 <i every do weT that
breathe) a fragr-nee.
SWEET scents
loxotis opoponax I
franoipahni... psidium
Slay be obtained.
Of any Chemist or
r O tt . Perfumer. \
I&SSSSEgsSffiSSS
tsmt&ss&Fms
tbe ffrowtn oi \, The Mexican am 6d. i»er Bottle.
ROBINSON and CLEAVER’S
CAMBRIC POCKET
HANDKERCHIEFS.
Samples and Price-Lists, post-free.
_ROBINS ON k'cLE ft VER, BELFAST.
Dr. Laville’s Liqueur
— (perfectly harmless),
THE UNFAILING
SPECIFIC
FOR CURE OF
_& RHEUMATISM.
“A single bottle sufficient for two to three months’
ticatment.^ everywhere ; or free by post (as well
as the Pamphlet) of the Agents,
ROBERTS & CO., 76, New Bond-street, London.
n* 'fJSJ-**':: :: 1S5;
.• IS.*-
.:: I
•• :: e '..uttsros.
repfern ,
LADIES’ TAILOR
To H R H The Princess of Wales,
WINTE R SEA SON.
v 1 T
L.O COATS, ULSTERS, CondatLrt»tf and WhUAH
. Ihitlne in their largr V'« pur.TrlnniMd; together with 01
} LONDON, W.
p 7 NEW BOND-STRE , CBOSS _ STEEET , »^che»i«.
MANTLES, WRAps
HATS.
11
Good Complexion!
and Nice Hands!
N OTHING adds so much to personal attractions as a bright, clear
complexion, and a soft skin. Without them the handsomest ano
most regular features are but coldly impressive, whilst with them the
plainest become attractive; and yet there is no advantage so easily secured-
The regular use of a properly prepared Soap is one of the chief means; bui
the Public have not the requisite knowledge of the manufacture of Soap to
guide them to a proper selection, so a pretty box, a pretty colour, or an
agreeable perfume too frequently outweighs the more important consideration;
viz.: the Composition of the Soap itself, and thus many a good complexion
is spoiled which would be enhanced by proper care._
A most Eminent Authority on the Shin,
Professor Sir Erasmus IDilson, RR.$. f
Writes in the JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS MEDICINE :—
"mHE use of a good Soap la oertainly calculated to preserve the Skin In
A “ health, to maintain its complexion and tone, and prevent its falling
“ into wrinkles. PEARS is a name engraven on the memory of the
“ oldest Inhabitant; and PEARS’ Transparent SOAP la an article of the
“ nicest and most careful manufacture, and one of the most refreshing
“ and agreeable of balms for the Skin.” _
T O persons whose skin is delicate or sensitive to changes in the weather
winter or summer, PEARS’ TRANSPARENT SOAP is invaluable,
as, on account of its emollient, non-irritant character, Redness, Roughness
and Chopping are prevented, and a clear appearance and soft velvety condition
maintained, and a good, healthful and attractive complexion ensured. Its agree¬
able and lasting perfume, beautiful appearance, and soothing properties,
commend it as the greatest luxury and most elegant adjunct to the toilet
Testimonial from
Oladame Adelina Patti.
“ -r HAVE found PEARS' SOAP matchless tor the Hands and Complexion."
Transparent
LaudyaiGJii\
SOAP. I ‘
TABLETS & BALLS : t
i. each. Larger Sizes, Is. 6d. and 2s. 6d. ^
[The 2s. 6d. Tablet Is perfumed with Otto of Roses.)
A smaller Tablet (unscented) is sold at 6d.
> Transparent
SPECTACLES. !
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA’S
WITH FINEST BRAZILIAN PEBBLES,
OR THE PUREST GLASS.
Carefully adapted la any sight , a Register of which
is kept for future reference.
_ Every yard bears the name “ LOUIS." and
(( I A II | A II the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
| | 1 I I I V 11 qnality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
L y I Q should write for Samples of the New Shades
to THOS. WALLIS and CO.. HoLborn-circas,
\/ L I II C TIT L |U London, E.C., who supply all shades and all
VLLf L I Lulls qualities at most reasonable prices.
FASHIONS FOR THE SEASON.
THE BEAUTY OF THE SKIN
ENHANCED BY
POUDRE D’AMOUR.
PREPARED BY PICARD FRERES.
OPTICIANS TO HER MAJESTY.
HOLBORN VIADUCT, EC.
Brunches: 45, tO UN HILL: lit, REGENT-STREET.
Photwrephic Studio: CRYSTAL PALACE.
Illustrated Price-Lists free to all parts of
THE HINDOO PENS,
i Nos. 1,2, and 3,
|WITH DIAGONAL POINTS.
! 2347 Newspapers recommend these Pei
6d. and Is. per Box. Sold by all Stationers.
TEETER ROBINSON'S COURT and FAMILY
\N RECEIPT of LETTER or TELEGRAM
INEXPENSIVE MOURNING, as well as the
I llii'heAt Qnalilww, ran I*p supplied Uy PET Kit ROBINSON,
upon advantageous terms, to Vann In*.*. flood tilting Dressmaker®
niv scut to all parta of Kitglnmi wit It a full asairtiticitl of good®,
uml (<■ lake unkw>. nuiiit-du? ,dy mi r<* -m) *1 "f I •'tier m trlugnun.
Regent-street, Nos. 250 to 202.
TTRENCH and ENGLISH DRESSMAKING at
Jl very moderate c liar pod.
UILICS, VELVETS. BROCADES, an immense
O stock nf Now troods, the latest prwluetious, for Mantles ami
Drp-<jo^. Patterns free.
/ >UR SPECIAL “ Good-Wearing ” MAKES of
yj BI.At-K SILKS. A frodi delivery frmu “Como," 3 j. lid.,
4 *. tkl., 5s. fhi., to 10s. Oil. Patterns free.
17 VENT NO and DINNER DRESSES. A superior
JL and superb variety, all very moderate in price, varying
from l to 10 guineas.
VEW BLACK MATERIAL COSTUMES. A
beautiful variety of New Designs from 1} to 6 guineas.
BEAUTIFUL FRENCH MILLINERY, entirely I
A A New ami Novel. |
I JETER ROBINSON, the COURT and GENERAL
1 MC1JHNI1TI! WABEHOrSK,_ ’
E lUMAN'S UNIVERSAL EMBROCATIO N
[iRHEUMATIShTlJUMBAGO ||
MACNIVEN & CAMERON
] WAVERLEY WORKS, EDINBURGH. |
“ O’CONNELL” MONUMENT WHISKY (IRISH).
“WALLACE” MONUMENT WHISKY (SCOTCH).
THE “BALLYHOOLEY” WHISKY (IRISH).
P ETER ROBINSON REGENT-STREET, LONDON. |
WESTERHAM HILL-CLIMBING COMPETITION WON
ON A WHIPPET SAFETY BICYCLE, aug. i8, ibss.
In the C° m P elition - held b y the Catford C J° Un g Club
V'jV up this Hill, Mr. W. Chater Lea, of the Nortb-road C. C„
won on a WHIPPET, beating the second man by 23.1-5th
secotid3 - 0i,t ot fitteen com P etitor9 ’ on ’y ttve succeeded
t in riding the hill at all, out of which the FIRST and
THIRD rode WHIPPETS.
^ . manufacturers,
I LINLEY & BIGGS, 29, Clerkenwell-road, London.
^I^Bruises^^st colds J/u
USqriThrqat ftp,C olo-stiffness l l «*11
Prepared only by HUMAN SONSaC?Slouthtnt
The Championship Team of the Finchley Harriers
sente
“ Aug. IT, 1883.
“ Cross-country runners In particular derive grunt
benellt by using ElUmnn’a Embrocation previous to
taking part in Inng-dlatanco races, as it protects thorn
from colds and chills.”_
The Horn Sec. Tower R. and A. 0. .writes
“ Aug. 29.1888.
“ Your Embrocation is always used by us. especially
after and before a rowing race, as afior a hard tussle
your Embrocation soon restores the arms, which after
the race generally feel quite useless.”
THE ANNUAL RING IN TREES.
In the course of his last report, the chief of the forestry
section of the Agricultural Department of the United States,
referring to the annual rings in trees, asserts that these exist
as Buch in all timber grown in the temperate zone. Their
structure is so different in different groups of timber that
from their appearance alone the quality of the timber may be
judged to some extent. For this purpose the absolute width
of the rings, the regularity in width from year to year, and
the proportion of spring wood to autumn wood must be taken
into account. Spring wood is characterised by less substantial
elements, the vessels of thin-walled cells being in greater
abundance, while autumn wood is formed of cells with
thicker walls, which appear darker in colour. In conifers
and deciduous trees the annual rings are very distinct,
while in trees like the birch, linden, and maple the dis¬
tinction is not so marked, because the vessels are more
evenly distributer!. Sometimes the gradual change in
appearance of the annual ring from spring to autumn
wood, which is due to the difference in its component
elements, is interrupted in such a manner that a more or less
pronounced layer of autumn wood can apparently be recog¬
nised, which again gradually changes to spring or summer
wood, and then finishes with regular autumn wood. This
irregularity may occur even more than once in the same ring,
and this has led to the notion that the annual rings are not a
true indication of age ; but the double or counterfeit rings
can be distinguished by a practised eye with the aid of a mag¬
nifying glass. These irregularities are due to some inter¬
ruptions of the functions of the tree, caused by defoliation,
extreme climatic condition, or sudden changes of temperature.
The breadth of the ring depends on the length of the period
of vegetation ; also when the soil is deep and rich, and light
has much influence on the tree, the rings will be broader. The
amount of light and the consequent development of foliage is
perhaps the most powerful factor in wood formations, and it
is upon the proper use of this that the forester depends for his
means of regulating the development and quantity of his crop.
Sir Thomas Chambers, Q.C., Recorder of London, has been
appointed by the Local Government Board returning officer
for the first election of county councillors for the adminis¬
trative county of London.
The Commander-in-Chief inspected the troops at Shorn-
cliffe on Oct. 13, and afterwards complimented Colonel
Sir Baker Russell, the Camp Commandant, on the efficiency
and smart appearance of the men.
The Church of the Holy Redeemer, Ex mouth-street. Clerk-
enwell, was consecrated on Oct. 13 by the Bishop of London.
The site, which has been given by the Marquis of Northampton,
was formerly occupied by Spa-fields Chapel, a place of worship
belonging to the sect founded by the Countess of Huntingdon.
The new church is built in the Italian Renaissance style. The
Incumbent is the Rev. E. V. Eyre, who has carried on the
mission of the Holy Redeemer for eight years, and the new
district comprises a population of 7001) persons, mostly of the
poorer class. The Bishop of London, in addition to performing
the Consecration Service, preached and celebrated the Holy
Communion.—On the same day the church of St. Barnabas,
which has been erected at a cost of about £1(5,000, towards
which £11,000 has already been contributed, was opened at
Tunbridge Wells, the sermon being preached by the Archbishop
of Canterbury.
THE SHIPPING TRADE OF BRITISH INDIA.
According to the new Indian Statistical Abstract, the eLipping-
trade of India in the last ten years has increased in tonnage
by more than a quarter, having amounted to 5,754,379 tons
entered and cleared in 1878, against 7,172,193 tons in 1887.
The increase has taken place wholly in British and foreign
shipping, British Indian and native craft having decreased
considerably. The figures for the trade through the Suez
Canal show a marvellous increase since 1872. In that year the
number of vessels entered and cleared from and to foreign ports
from India by the Canal was 420, with an aggregate tonnage
of 464.198; in 1877 the figures had increased to 1040 vessels
and 1,518,690 tons, while in 1887 they were 1671 vessels and
2,946,650 tons. Since 1877, therefore, the Indian traffic through
the Canal has increased fourfold in tho number of vessels and
more than sixfold in the amount of tonnage.
Under the decision of the arbitrators, the Congregational
Colleges at Rotherham and Airedale are to be amalgamated,
the college at Airedale alone to be continued, under tho
designation of the “ United Yorkshire College.”
The annual show of chrysanthemums in the Inner Temple
Gardens has, by the permission of the treasurer and benchers,
been thrown open to the public, over 900 plants being on view,
of which about seventeen are new varieties.
According to a Parliamentary paper containing the returns
of pauperism to the end of last July, the number of paupers
in England and Wales steadily decreased from 796,363 in the
first week of March to 698,761 in the last week of July.
In every one of those weeks there was a diminution in the
number.
AMMONIAPHONE.(
HARNESS
PATENT.
INVALUABLE TO CLERGYMEN, VOCALISTS, AND PUBLIC SPEAKERS
Price 21s., post-free
WILL LAST A LIFETIME
FOR ASTHMA, BRONCHITIS,
CONSUMPTION,
PULMONARY AFFECTIONS.
FOR STRENGTHENING
AND
ENRICHING THE VOICE.
Note Address i
52, OXFORD-STREET, W,
Dr. EUGENE CRONIN, Old Manor House, Claph
)tmnon,
THE PEERLESS “QUEEN OF SONG
setory, Surrey,
V M \H »N I
THE AMMONIAPHONE,
CALL and TEST the Ammoniaphone,
free of charge, and you
will find it gives immediate relief.
SEND FOR PAMPHLET
AND COPIES OF TESTIMONIALS.
Uml and recant metaled by thousand*,
H.K.H. the Prince of Wales. Rei
H.R.H. the Princes* of Wales. Roi
H.R.H. Prince** Louise. Re\
Lady 8. Mncuainara. Hoi
Lady Archibald Campbell. Rei
Lady Mocfarren. Rci
Right Han. W. E. Gladstone. Rei
Colonel Mnplcson. Hei
Colonel Trench Nearer it. Re<
Captain Douglas Herbert. Ma
Dr. Logan. Mr
Dr. H. Lo Caron. Ma
The /allotting are Extract* from the many thousand* reeci
RECOGNISED Br THE PROFESSION.
“ Most useful."—Dr. A. 8 . Kennedy, L.R.C.P.
“Recommend it to my patients."—Dr. Wm. Cairns Wi
HMAND
ASTHMA.
Bath.
BRONCHITIS.
lecoiuc much strong.
Signori
If by magic.”- H. M. Richie, Ee
RELAXED THROATS
Mrs. LANGTRY writes a* follows;
'*[ fln.i the AMMONIAPHONE gives a rtchncs
roun.lno** to the voice, aud Is invaluable In coses of hoarse
ABST.IUS: BRONCHIAL AND PULMONARY AFFECTIONS.
INVALUABLE FOR THROAT AND CHEST AFFECTIONS.
astonished ni
tre. Islington.
CONSUMPTION.
Uadame ADELINA
PATTI write:
South
TT7-HAT IS THE AMMONIAPHONE
YV In th.‘ n.iir-o <•( a him: <l<-(Tli’tive mlich-, " T
Times" sa.vs :—“Tho AMMONIAPHONE is one
tho most remarkable inventions of the day." It Is a tu
about 25 in. long, constructed of a *|>erl;il]y prepared no
corrosive metal, with handles having patent spring valve
It Is charged with a chemical com]xmnd, combined so ns
resemble In effect that which Is produced by the soft bain
air of the Italian Peninsula when inhaled Into the lungs
hence the term—Artificial Air.
nphlct, entitled “HISTORY
A M MON IA PHON E,” showing
edlately relieved, anil promptly
personnil:
Reduced facsimile of the .< inmonl»pho:it > . C? Actual length, 15 inches. ____
--1-_ -..-srffcr . jc-r-, ORDER ONE TO-OAT.
T— You will And It Invaluable for Throat and ( host Affections.
THE AMMONIAPHONE (Harness' Patent) will be sent free by post to any part of the United Kingdom on receipt of a Postal Order or Cheque f.r 21s. (crossed “ London and County Bank ”). Address :
The Medical Battery Co., Ltd., 52, OXFORD-ST., LONDON, W. (rat c S™c E .)
imonlnpho:
Yon will Hod it Invaluable for the Voire and I.
h BENSON’S WATCHES Sgi
jj are the best timekeepers.
^ PURCHASERS IS AI.L PARTS OK THE WORLD lining these Hatches umler most trying conditions
testify to their strictly accurate timekeeping qualities.
BENSON’S ytf?'
LADY'S KEYLESS LEVER WATCH / - V
BENSON’S
LUDGATE.
BENSON’S
" FIELD ”
THE STEAM FACTORY: 62 and 64, LUDGATE-HILL, E.C.
And at M, ROYAL KXCHAHOE, K.C.; aud IS, OLD BONISSTRRRT, W.
mg Watch
OCT. 20, 1588
NEW MUSIC.
jyj E T Z L E R end C O. ’ S LIST,
musto.
M1 -I -AL^IHSTK CM3NT8.
L
the
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
Mi's re.
. i:-sn
MUSIC.
, A WHENCE KELLIE’S SONG ALBUM,
TEN > NK w n soNGS.
• k Od. n
• S8.0d.n
• 3s. oa. n
■ 3s. od. n
• 'Ml. IJ
an *i. w son
1 rice 4s. nel.
J^AWRENCE KELLIE’S SONGS.
YOU ASK MR WHY I LOVE .. . ,
SHE DWELT AMONG THE UNTRODDEN W a vh S 8, I H !*
THINK NOT OR IT. SWEET OnS! SO .. Y .® 5 g}'
^LFRED CELLIER’S SONGS.
THERE ONCE WAS A TIMbTmY Dinriwa
O LOVE THAT'S TRUK 7 * 7. RL,NG
THE KING’S JESTER .. .. ” ”
QIRO PINSUTTS SONGS.
HMVSS- ••
THE WARRIOU [[
J L. MOLLOY’S SONGS.
MASKS AND FACES ..
MISTRESS IT.LE .. .. • 2s-M.net
SWEET LAVENDER .. .. ;; "" 5f Jd” Det
METZLER’S VIOLINand PIANO MUSIC.
w5S A WW ® (a ToUre) . 2# . Od. net!
It EVE CHARMANT (B. Tuiiral.2s. Orl.'net'
BALLET MUSIC “LA REIVE liie oi „ . 2s - **!■ uct.
rA.JKWiiBSa
aa-S:
LA COLO A! BE ENTR'ACTE (RToura) *! " % Jj' "«'■
TJETZLER’S RED ALBUM.
Kach nuiiijp^ cmitai ns tbUt/ ™win posit inna.
M™S p rt v7'; s .7^7, r ™™ATic
JASON “^IIAMLIN America* Organs,
jyJASON .nd^AML^A^ Organs.
jyjASOV ^ b HAMLIX American Organs.
bOjTISCH PIANOFORTES
31 E ™oER'.S ORGANO-PIANO.
ft**
V r£°i n ETiTlFLuiii;
^’E W MU SIC.
BOOSEY SONGS :
'swa^asswssf; .
n ^ » rx w ‘ lh in*nicr.wVuc®cS- mcnadec “ n cort»,
jyjARZIALS,—NEVER LAUGH AT LOVE
river.
Sss^Sa-
JJ EH REND—THE OLD WHERRY
T OHR p 7" ■£“ a<ll ‘ ,ll<! v,llcri„.
BooSTiTTO.TlOTSiraM I 5““*S2SEJLJ^.
H 0PE TEMPLE.-AN OLD GARDEN ' ! ”
H 0PE TEMPLE.-MY LADY'S BOWER !
H 0PE TEMPLE.-A MOTHER'S LOVE. 1
STEPHEN ADAMS-THEY ALL LOVE
STEPHEN ADAMS.—THE STAR OF
CtTPP«™ . “S’-hlbhem. hlAR 0F
NEW MUSIC.
W. SONGS
SlEffllip.
A SK N0T - Maude Valerie White's
,. «n« flncst So ntt
A l*nlli»UB success"
P '"*i.5Sf™» F.Hof.
(Couipwer .. BMt
I HE ^n^H^ T. Hutchinson's
-r- 0 ,1 cl'- Liatg free.
473
l » 8 ”' E » Bn® ? N ‘
Return Tickets?K,note l, l Slllpi ’,"' Ch.-iso*. ? c .
“IIIhly'sca*!.u^mkins*'
Full inn ii DrawinffJX Cars ?'{'"| d Bri ff Im, n . '
On i he iLuiw ay?!!
i iiiiiiuin Drawing-,
r‘! .'HSl u‘l %»«%"• fos„ ennnVii
--^i llwayB ln ,l10 ^"Itliern and Midland nisi.
Brighton.
S TEPHEN 600dwin
3JARZIALS—THE RIVER OF YEARS.
Tivo SMcimen .vffiEK*!™?* "? J ' B>n>br.
-- Wr nn u co..-j5.-K^ ,a; r "”‘'-p-
VIOLIN GEMS '
VIOLIN GEMS
An,lame (•a„a,„; E ' l ,a' (r “ , 1 , ] " u V„.
JS.i. <V, a“ ,n * hj L»r/n l,r San'„"i''
I ccau, Han«er. Puli* 2 s iui # ff ,in,le l :
rncc 28.6d.net, full i m ,9i c
RcMcnt-st rcet.
II. con ruins 13 pieces- I
i'S?.'',, 1 ;; liM-M"
and Elvei
0 rtn n nip I a n o |' ‘a s P ,' j'c ffect °o f P O i?'fi,’ ^ ? f, f 1 '?, 1,1,1 Bear flic
.. »<e'y -r M. com hi iiruion ig t•unahle 1 JI -rV oi,l,p >-
>*h wonderful iin enrion (the c uriniio /i ?,! t The v .» l,, o
b. [uu ii.si.iy aSis?
- CO.-8 f MUSICAL
.F.TT,N(.S |; ^ ^
y o, tun r s. Pt.ttt u 1 c
2ITHEItsf DltlUM VIOLONcBL LOo 1 BANJOS, GUITARs]
METZLER and
f r M ‘ vs TRUMENT 8 and F
for Military. Brass, and Dri
n!!^r,?r Che r r, ‘ 8 * T " v Inutriu
Dtscriptive list gent yist-fret. - - -
METZLER and CO.,
«, ORKAT MARLBORQUBH^TREET . LONDON.
pEPiTA, at TOOLE'S THEATRE
;i»ni«h“,SK'^vh.cea e ° or, “' , "‘ ulccc "' * Ua * ru » »'
JOEPITA. LECOCQ’S POPULAR OPERA
Pianofop ° rC ’ 5s ’ 11,11 '
fill i.i.i;:,7S!r i ;, S :';iL-;i:i, Wlsl1 filiiArtnnr.
>■ O't Toole’s TIiMire.-'^'i^X j 1 llra,llatlc ‘ttocw, o.urlR
JJE PIT A WALTZ and LANCERS.
Arn, "« l '1 »y BCCALOS3I. !s. nel.
pEPITA QUADRILLE.
__ 'ZnV'tf^TSon&St.
C^5SSS„«t C0 ' s PIANOFORTES
ii l , „ fc0 iP J j7 , 'h?* , mT B Meh5y
SnIJivnn. Priccas'Sil
-Looser iuu _,B.._ao, Resenl-strect
£ , 0„ |i] BROADW o OD GRAND P JAX0
| 00111,1 All, “[J 1 * for a School, wm
i fcs* 1 "t I'lannsat * De8c,, t* t, 'o Lists sent free of iff
THOAUSOKT ZMANN.nOCQ .s, ,, Bsl, f ., (r ce t - - -
£20 BR0ADW00D GRAND^i-TT
K,S, ’Stiff™*,* oiffiSte”.--
B ELLE Bonheur.
«ith .t. erc?.o« 1,e e n „r£« ,^" ds
Iji co “ »—>
| TiM*SSwSf t ?L* Si , .!r. ip 1 ""<*£
QT MMEs's 3 ^ JWE,kg *»h.
S T - J Do,“^f'L ln ^°-BOOKS. Is. eaeh
l-’ull music sizt*. Post-free n ? ro 1>,n8,l . li *
L '«t of Content s free. w * ,ciL
W. MORLEY and CO., 127, Regent-st., W.
-- 22!L*«fL»«£.iHNoVB':,E ra , t . W .
H6te] E -
Utron.sed by Royal rSSu? aoo * 1 S?5t c 2P du ^* ed *■ Eiircfpe.
.-e.L, t „ e „ ardotll .
i^j^4" l '^ E A>' E ^'*r»« h 1 ^ ei “ rhof nn(I
l ooms ; no charge for ShiTn^'or 5erv& i8 mo
— ---IIAUsKit FREBI8, Proprietors.
— .. . uu wainnti Din nets .
iSIflBEi
SV^S* 1 ' 10 " Br,d “° «'»*?». Ki 'ilru'S' i;::s d ’"L
SSS@aa*ssg»s
; ,b.,M,,M7t“v,co,ri“ C Jc
I lie foJJmvintr *'
'^'-A^cnc? Cun.'hwT
i <bc wrjsj^ .,..., L .„,
Icnid. Piiow-shocinif sksit m® n ? ■, anrt Briery.'MilMnc
30. SftSMTOfi
0 r_
in Hale of
Cottage Piano,
cJ,e ' dr| w , ‘ r, » 7.«t™ff2i" r o} ,l M 1 0 0 '
I^U SIIBTZMANN a „ d CO.'S, ,.
£ 2 f .?I R .^ EW ? 0E „ pottage piano.
THOM AS,iLTZA,AN.V. U qc,l7 UT&rV,M„ dnBi
FIANa
wain,it.,,,,,,,1 x “.■""!•; “w .»r„hiuii«n
and CO.’S PINAOS AND
M 0 N T E C A 1- T
For B ,7? ^SUMMBRnESORT. U “
o« r ™*£r , .m 72S
.f£? tat,on '*ei 1,10 summer bent m * ias a tropical
., c "«' ot IbeRtoi^S"^”};?
: !5 r ifs i js;r 1 ^,sj 15 ^ ,V mt ra " - in
. |
ifis ?».: as a —£■?-.*»
..
(By OrdSri UdB *i c ^ ,rc,,B omc ®- ' -oFcncy, Corn hi II •
I ---^SAitLK^Sccretarjr midGoneial Manager
( HATTO and WINDUSS NEW LIST.
! XPOIRB.
pLAYERS AND PLAYWRIGHTS YhaVE
Am,ms JOHN COLEMAN. U
1 ar^'S ss»-
J H b® wai L t?:r bman? IC w-1 RD JEFF KRIES.
Ml"l Mi. -ill,,.N UIJ‘ ' " Uij I'botn.LflMjil, | t
TNPpptY 77^ ™»M-l-iKOA^-*.vri'UK K ~
I%?S,i^^ R 1P ;ATION. By JAMES
HVO, Cloth ex tra, as. ,id. 5 1 rosj • f h «»]»or Kduion, crown
i nE n? land
g3«,p..eh offers*
Vcneti
There is, jierb'i
the beauty of it.
fusel ".it |, ,|m and
be liiviiu,
r relief i
•1 health.
elegant j "^a
“tocmtic w
Imrdcr,
mnl the
b m.iko
Cla
• ..... ColtAgo i''am!l P S O-mnV. 0 ?! 11, '>'A"™Iy , .‘'’Sy
'I;- 18 - 1 5.30 guineas. I (
ii's.l.t the heat Makers.fr,
''■- rim railway rctuni fare
iiiieriH^jSln'
PHAPPEU -S mZ . . I aa«f i 11 '
1 ^HAT M CREST and WHAT
^'V'T*, U "" 1 ° a ’- fro,,, oil ; CBLLEloNTs 0 H,' t m ,J' l 7 J 1 ;,? c ' 0 - Kf d ti
|‘*o" s, sj gtntiei
C H |'ux,77‘ L an<1 °0-'S STUDENTS'
-: : _1 ftm Oc la vea, f r om 10 guineas,
Y , AI S«i“i 0?°:* KEW ORGAN CJ ULLETON'S GUINEA BOX
—- °" ll,r '' l fro "'".V?„M!’SK- 0 ; Jn™.s' F J rtr . s ™ l„ x „
jtJT. gothard Railway
filly" "e?, delightful route to’
climates known, in’land i 5° Sl?5*/• »lMhe-jear-iniiiid
31,sl wifbin the Soutlicrn Te mil y i/ 0 '^ sen-lci cl,
iK"v. r no «h«.„ , ":rs!j„iss ! ,ssa i
T^KHS'^Sir ALIEN.
tin<• rest of ovoryuneVii,,^t.' k'i j , . .,!■■" "‘ IwW ll.o
!if“
T^^^..^osT^; r B;sA^,i
A strange^manuscript found in a
ever pubhihcd Mr .
Tickets a
»r Alimrit E. Jon
. . . . 1 U ,,,r8 ,or Dvcriee.
,, . c “icnucu. Crest engraved on
im-«fre 0 cVwc VOd m nncioat and
p'^^u'J'^WAftRBNTbb.EBRATED
I'rnniMiiicQil Uy || 10 I. «l cst Ind^e'.'r° "■ 2 -*° Hmncaa.
oll,or8
---- Wctr Uo iiil-atroet: and is. Poultry, B.C.
J 0II ‘Y , E Ap?, AI>W 00D und SONS,
1',ALOIS'Sffl *»■«-.
oais ami dio8 ll,8,,a,lJ * l ' <1 w ‘* c
imUcrn sty laa.-£, CranIfoilru-8trect Tv^c!
.3uj''rS7? S Ju:, i ;7 7 spv* r L"' r .,„.7
• to,-I 1 ,1,0,. wlmi.uj • rc ,^' vit ?;: nl'n/no for .'iiBruving’
St. MumHviiu'e “vx! e Cr ’ !i ' Ltutibouru-stroel fcoroer of
0.y«,
D? a 'l Office—A tick la ml.
,b ' v‘‘mT,,,,, P1 l x ? t 7r^ sr3 - erard, of
pnuBUlo u'.Hje
--- y ———1^0 ne " CiUl ' L ‘ “I'laincd froni .•logs.
JjJRARDS' PIANOS. - COTTAGES^ from
nnr.rQDEsffnuTsi i
r—--- RRANllH . from Ltigmiiciu fSOCKLE'S
J ^ JJRINSMEAD and jgONS’
'lln»ni-o??,SV r K* L feoiCED pricks.
w i«in,>rv-r^of:L e ,in"S: l 'ti, ai tld "'
VOfiDn aotnuu, leaf. -T
.i' d, ^n,ljn CO, 207 and 209,
77S2:si;iSL3^7SH
r . BRANCHES ANI) AHFVCtFQ
l! Fnf-^SuviTI ev'ukn 0 ’ • Mcll ’ uUr,,e ' Newcastle, and Sydney.
ea'tS.
V»■ teas fai-eitu.M.K „„ BIIV v
Ruler Haggard.”—Society He^bi
r J HE MAN HUNTER.
ExopL.'"" 10 ” “U D on‘tmS 0 g VA s J , orio8 .. _ Mal]rll , 5tcr
0,<,c ' ccmc
A borbe-lovehT —
I T he horse and his 'rider R
IsSiilwii&flSI “JJaSffiS* 8 '*—*--
I r2=fifsSS|“S3S?=
' WARD ; LOCK ppo?, d c7,?^ NEW serial
_ Pn >»Wrtn»o» Iio»l-frco on npplieu tiou.
r»rt I.. re»dy l Oct T "0 I iXoi ^Tn T h ' SIXp KIfCK EACH,
pvp, , v ™' *• 17° he coiuplcied ituibmit 20 r n r|. )
p-N GLAND S BATTLES BY SEA AND
The PulilluheiTimvo Krm*Sli™!ri™hl™"-
Ot the cainjuiignu |,y wbiclj »i,.V {L!*, " fc tllc notnldc ctrnts
up, conveyed in an in teres ting fnii -[ndM’.V^n 1 *?,' ,lC ‘ n
With Part j. will il l.’i 1 'l«^lJ 1c.
.. PRESENTATION PI at^J KU UltATIS a
•TH.
. r .
.’ rp, uriiry-iiuildmi
>. i no sanatomiin. 9. Paul
- -—.■ ■ J - . .. Brazil.
A U T U M N TOUR IN thI-
: folLliotvprod
cM t '^]S?lS E ^iSi!ont > ihi i. , ,gi,E cctri , c Lightt Hot Hn,f
jMKscngers strictly limited ° 1,lgl,l8t oriler - Number of
mnu- terms. tW lana ’ Au9lr,,,,v * and F, i« on”tlie most favourable
^NTIBILIOUS
piLLS.
PJOCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS
_KOI
rjOCKLE'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
_ F(J
Manager^W'S ,,nf ° un wiU hc curried.
Co.. Fciiclinrcb^avpmfe < p'c C °‘’ Axi>ER8 ox, Axdkrbon, and
JTALIAN EXHIBITIONS 1 :
| pAST WEEKS.
JjAST WEEKS.
I Went Bron,wonfEur|-ACe,!«,L R £ t k.L^oS K ’
HIS MAJESTY the KING of ITALY
H.s ROYAL HIOHNEBs'lImTTtOVVN PRINCE of ITALY.
JOHN^R? WHITLEY, E»q
rro'Wo^n, th,, Rocv|,.innco„„„i,t.e :
QODS GLORIOUS CREATION • or tla
(•rrii an W'?),* *?' %]'}■ ^ .TnuUnU fro„m,e
Ml Ns HI' LL. F K<r ' ,,ao » J - .. ""
."’I FULLY I LLP
.isher"/^ • U LA
« miners
ta' le Knig.ioi'm^'fp!
v liatex or <|nni ter of
its cliim.tc, he wS flnil'if inYbisv
FOR LIVER.
I T A
Miigmnront RepnolucHon of tho
bka t ti'kplly ill
t The jinh|
« K EN™\1S™ original
th'iv 1 - 1 :;! 1 ,lpw «ml cheap issue «.f
• Fh dig an nrcmiur of t|,,
ami tne AnimaJnud Vrg,-.
ccessary to com mend tho
■''iifflcr it today that
"uy reek inforiinit ion
no nud n in iw, work.
ppeennen Copy, post-free. 7d.
FOR BILE.
QOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
__ • __TOR INDIGESTION.
®^«S ra ^s&r,BsSiV
QOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
__ FOR HEARTBURN.
“T HERE IS UNQUESTIONABLY” no
TTALIAN EX HIB ITin v
JTALIAN EXHIBITION/ A " rUS '^- '
J^AST WEEKS.
Jp.ST WEEKS.
W77P' S CR YSTAL CASE WATCHES.
ii»cc3M »S t ^^lffiikuoJ?n‘ cl, “ aud Cl0ck8 «
JOHN WALKER, 77, Corokill; and 390, Regent-etreet.
p»r. L, rei?y
T HE LAND OF THE BIBLE : Its Holy
PROFUSELY 'PGGSTRATEjV w'Tl'r&Ars AND WOOD
I This well-known work m t!S2fc lftl ., ,
Ipssfs
asssgfiS!:
_f-Qi'^Mi^YrAUh', Lot'K.^audV'tufSallsiuirj'-.g'juiiir E.f.
Just published, 3s. 6d., post-free
rpUMOURS OF THE BREAST, AND THEIR
1 --%TMEN^ANDCLRE^^,? E r ElR
J. Epps and Co., iro, Piccadilly ; and ^Tb'rSeedle-sfrect.
Is., post-free,
£JOLD-CATCHING, COLD-PREVENTJNG,
, , . By JOHN H. CLARKE. M.D.
E, ' , ' 8 ““ CO " “• I - I ircJltl,le ohlO'6lreet; and
THE ILLUSTRATED
OBITUARY.
LORD SKATON.
The Right Hon. James Col borne, second Baron Seaton, of
Seaton,^Devon, died on
Ltm -il Field-Marshal Sir John
ik ^°li >orne . who took the
|^rr ^— an-k$Jte*V^| m08t prominent part,
I [jf ^gyg«^ ra Bi I after Wellington, in the
■ 111 wvwyvj SB j victory of Waterloo, and
■ fjt maVk I became eventually Lord
<l fl /iVJvwvJ ISO J I Seat <3n. The nobleman
|| UJB I whose death we record
enfce red the Army in
^a^sZ/aZ 1834, and attained the
rank of General in 1881.
lie was Aide-de-Camp to his father during the Canadian Re¬
bellion,and was Military Secretary in Ireland from 1855 to I860.
He married, Feb. 12, 1851, Charlotte, daughter and co-heiress
of Ulysses, last Lord Downes, and was left a widower in 1863.
His eldest son and successor, Reginald John Upton, now third
Lord Seaton, was born in 1854, and married, in 1887, Elizabeth
Beatrice, daughter of Sir Francis Fuller Elliott Drake, Bart.,
of Nutwell Coart, Devon.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Lady Margaret Maconochie Wei wood, widow of Allan
A. Maconochie Wei wood, of Meadowbank and Garoock, on
Oct. 11, at 13, Grosvenor-crescent, Edinburgh. She was youngest
daughter of the ninth Earl of Stair, was born in 1828, and
married April 27, 1839.
Lord Moont-Temple, at his residence, on Oct. 16. His
memoir will be given next week.
?.Ir. Francis Hall, of Park Hall, Notts, J.P. and D.L., High
Sheriff iii 1846, on Oct. 3, in his ejghty-third year.
Mr. Joseph M. Levy, one of the chief proprietors of the
Daily Telegraph, on Oct. 12, in his seventy-seventh year. His
portrait will be given in our next issue.
Lady James Murray (Elizabeth Marjory), widow of Lord
James Murray, of Otterbourn Hall. Northumberland, and
daughter of Mr. George Fairholme, of Greenknowe, on Oct. 11.
Major-General Charles James Hope-Johnstone. late Royal
Artillery, on Oct. 6. He was born in 1833, son of Captain
Charles James Hope-Johnstone, R.X., a descendant of the first
Earl of llopetoun.
Mr. Matthew Anderson, for many years Crown Solicitor of
Dublin, at his residence in that city, at an advanced age, on
Oct. 12. He had charge of all important State prosecutions
for the past thirty years.
Mr. Goschen presided at Gresham College on Oct. 13 at a
meeting in connection with the Society for the Extension of
University Teaching. That society, he said, was practically
carrying into effect the idea of Sir T. Gresham in founding
that college, and he believed it had made some advance in
solving the problem how higher education, such as is obtained
at the Universities, can be acquired by busy men and women
simultaneously with pursuing their business in life. He hoped
the Royal Commission which was now sitting would devise a
scheme by which this college would be made a part of some
great scheme of university teaching for the Metropolis.
At a county meeting, convened by the Lord Lieutenant of
Devon, and held at the Castle of Exeter on Oct. 15, it was
decided to rebuild the cathedral orgau. The estimated cost is
£3000, half of which sum has been promised.
A meeting in connection with the opening of n Horticultural
and Technical College, at Swanley, Kent, took place at the
college on Oct. 15. Accommodation has been provided for
about a hundred students, who will have every facility for
acquiring a knowledge of scientific horticulture. Letters of
sympathy were read from Mr. Gladstone and other gentlemen.
The German Emperors visit to Rome, of which particular
are given in another column, fitly crowned bis tour. On
Oct. 16 the Emperor and King Humbert, accompanied by
Prince Henry of Prussia and the Dukes of Aosta and Genoa,
arrived at Naples, where a naval review was given in honour
of the Imperial visit.—The Empress Frederick presided, on
the 16th, at Berlin, over a meeting of the committee for the
relief of the sufferers by the recent inundations in Germany.
Measures have been taken to prevent floods in the future.
P OUR N EJV NOVELS.
THE ROGUE. By W. E. NORRIS, Author
A of “Majorand Minor." &c. Svol*.
THE LADIES’GALLERY. Bv Mrs. PRAED
A and Mr. MCCARTHY. M.P. 3 vols.
I^ROM MOOR ISLES. By JESSIE
A KOTHEIlOILL, Anthor of Kith and Kin," Ac. 3 vol*.
THE STORY OF CHARLES STRANGE.
A ny Mr«. HENRY WOOD. Author of “East Lvnne.’’
J^EW AND POPULAR NOVELS.
HUGH ERRINGTON. ~b7 GERTRUDE FORPE.
Author of "In I be Old Palazzo," “ Driven Before the
THK YOUNGEST MISS GREEN. By F. W. ROBINSON,
Author of “ Grand mot her'* Money." Ac. 3 vols.
THK DAUGHTEH OF DIVES. By LKITH DERWENT,
THE DUCHESS. By the Author of “Molly Hawn,"
" Phi Ilia," Ac. 1 vol.. crown Hvo,fl*.
A CREATURE OF CIRCUMSTANCES. By HARRY
Price 2*. «d., doth gilt,
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I IKE AND UNLIKE : A Novel. By the
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“ . . . ‘ Like ami Unlike’ i* )>v far the moat effective of Miss
Brudduu's atones "—Morning Paper.
London: Simpkix, Marshall, and Co.
glMS REEVES : His Life. By HIMSELF.
VIMS REEVES : His Life. By HIMSELF.
O “The famous tenor’s hook is full of interest,”—Dramatic
Itev low.
“Mr. Sima Reoves ia an admir&hlo narrator.”—Morning
Advertiser.
“Hi* name is familiar to the Jlpi as household words.”—
Observer.
UIMS REEVES : His Life. By HIMSELF.
“The gifted «rti*t can scarcely fail to interest the
many legion* of Ilia admirers."—Kunihiy Time*.
“ The anecdote* nre highly dramatic. - '—Entr’acte.
London Mi mc I’i iii.ishixo Company (Limited),
it, tire,it Marlborough-*! reel. W.
THE MATRIMONIAL HERALD and
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The largeu and most successful Matrimonial Agency in the
World. Prico 3d.; in envelope, 440. Address, Editor.
«•». Lamb's Conduit-street. Loudon. W.c.
By Dr. BARR MEADOWS, physician (20 years) to the National
Institution for Diseases of the Skin. Post-free 13 sunups.
TERRORS OF II0MQ50PATHY.
■n-J London : (J. Kill, I3f. Westminster Bridge-road.
Eleventh Edition, is.; post-tree, 12 sumps,
THE HUMAN HAIR : Why it Falls Off
A or Turns Grey, and the Remedy. By PROFESSOR
HARLEY PARKER. Published by E. Mills, 21, Claverton-
/JOLDEN HAIR—Ro bare’s AUREOLINE
produces tlie beautiful golden colour so much admired.
Warranted perfectly harmless. Price 5*. fid. ami KV. 6d., of all
ROBINSON & CLEAVER’S LINEN
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
Children, from A*. Hit. per uo*.
V/JV Pritr-Llsl* and Samples,
ROBINSON l CLEAVER, BELFAST.
'MADE WITH BOILING WATER.
piCTURESQUE AUSTRALASIA. 1
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CASSELL’S PICTURESQUE
1 AUSTRALASIA. A Delineation by Pen and Pencil of
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j and Ru«h, throughout t lie* Colonu-* of Australia. Now Zealand.
Tasmania, and the adjacent Maiuls. By EDWAHD K.
1 MORRIS, M.A., Oxford, Professor of English, &c., in the
Melbourne University, assisted by Eminent ^Writers in the
EXHIBITION, 18(53. GRAND
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QOLVED MYSTERIES; Or, Revelations of
O a City Detective. By JAMES M’GOVAN, Author of
“Brought to Buy” iltth Edition). “Hunted Down *' «]3r h
Kdttion). “Strange Clues" (loih Edition), and "Traced and
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exceeds 26 .um.ooo Ih.
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imitated, but approached by none; no mere sensationalist,
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London: Simpkin, Mak.siiai. 1,, and Co,
Edinburgh: MKXZiEs and Co.
CHIRTS— FORDS EUREKA.
O ** Tho most ]>erfcct lit ting made.’’—Observer.
Gentlemen desirous of purchasing Shirts of the best quality,
should try FORD’S EUREKA.3o*., 40*., half-dozen.
IMPORTANT WORK ON INDI A.
At all Libraries, 1 vol,, crown svo, price 7s. fid., Illustrated,
AN INDIAN OLIO. Bv Lieutenant-
CHIRTS.—FORD'S EUREKA SHIRTS.
O Special to Measure.
Illustrated Self-mca«urp imst-free.
R. FOR l> and t’O.. 4). poultry. London.
> v General E, F. BURTON (of llm Madras Staff Corps).
Author of “ Reminiscences of Kport in India,” &c.
London iSpknckh Blackett, Successor to J. and R. Maxwell,
A5, St. Bride-street. K.C.
fYLD SHIRTS Refronted, Wrist and Collar
Banded, fine linen, three for 6*.; Superior. 7*. fid.; Extra
1 Fine,9*. Send three (not lean) with cash. Returned ready fur
Ready Oct. 29,
JLLUSTRA.TED £0ND0N J^LMANACK
FOR 1M.
SIX PICTURES IN CHROMO.
1.—TOM TITS.
Zf^GIDIUS—'The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
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Elastic, soft as si Ik. two for 2|s. ; Extm Quality, two for 27s.
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IL FORD and CO.,41, Poultry.London.
X-DOICOTIIV.
6.—THE CAPTIVE.
5.—MICH A ELM AS GEESE.
l. w \ iting f«» i; I-! \ n i:i;.
,U' G IDI US. — GENTLEMENS UNDER-
a I J VESTS, summer and wmtor weight. 32 to 4s inches
V»f“Duration of .Mo/mlight-High-wator Tnlde—FcsHvaD,
Seasons,Terms. Symbols, &c. -Astronomical Occurrences
for J.-ssu Eclipv* Ac.
By JAS. GLAISHER, E*.[.. F ILS. &c.
Useful Statistic* for Reference throughout the Year—
National Income and Expenditure—Government Offices—
Postal Information—Stamps. Duties, and Licenses—Public
Act* imused during l***—Notable Occurrence*. Event*, and
Obituary during I**"-*—Hospitals nu d 1'huritive of London.
By JABEZ HtMiG. E*<i.
ILLUSTRATED THROUGHOUT.
In Pictorial Cover.
Price ONE SHILLING; Postage,Twopence-lTnlfpcnn.v.
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Maker!. Jt. FOR jV and ClV!'il. Toil It ry.' IJond' in. *' ' ’ I "
rPOWYN, NORTH WALES.-TO BE LET.
1 fur three nr six iimni!.*, m. utirartn c VILLA RESI¬
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!lousc P |.MX , . , &r a W.u throe or fourhor^c*'. t hree^n.m.te^w'n'lk
fr-.m th. b/Mcb „r rnijw.y Fur/uitl.ei jnrticiilara
apply MORRIS JAMES. Tuwyii.
Just published, price Is.; by i>ost. la. 2d.,
A WORLD IN WHITE, and Other Poems.
By LIN DON MEADOWS. Author of “ Tho Adventures
of Man nee Drutiiore, Royal Man ties." Ac.
William Kidoway, psu, Piccadilly,London, W.
NEW LEGITIMATE TEACHING METHOD.
rj ILHAM’S KEYBOARD INSTRUCTOR.
YX Patented throughout the World. Trice 2s. 6d.;
Post-free, 2*. lkl.
HOW TO l’LAY TITF. PIANO. ORGAN, OR HARMONIUM 1
In the slmrtest time and easiest ami simple*t manner. I
Wai.tkk Kcott^ 21, 'V^rwicdc-liin^Limdon ;
THE “PARKER” UMBRELLA (Rkoisteueu).
PATRONISED BY ROYALTY.
COOO SILK UMBRELLAS, 2s. fid. each, direct
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Silk. PARKER’S hollow rihbed frames; bountifully carved
and mounted stick?. Parcel Ptn»t free, 2*. >1. (or 3fi stamp.*).
15,00ft sold in twelve months. Li*t ami Te*timnmala free.
Rc-covering, Ac., neatly done.—J. B. PARKER, Umbrella
Work*, Il room Close, SJieffield*
11IABETES MELLITUS (Zuckerhamruhr)
nr Tluiroiiglily enrol. Warnmt i"l through ili'iisaiul- of
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Adams'S the °^ir AND
Pi idmiti idp “ the ^ ueen ”
| IJ | \ IXI I 1 II | \ r" Feels no hesluitlon in recommending Ite use —
1 V ' 1 Dec. 22, 1883.
| ~) n . ^ 1 | Sold by Grocers, Jronmonpers, Cabinetmakers,
1 U L 1 W II a Ma y cfactout: VALLEY-ROAD, SHEFFIELD.
IMPROVED SPECTACLES, scientifically
BONIWTRKKf W ^AURANCE. Oculist Optician, 1A, OLD
p B RADCLIFFE, Esq., M.D., Consulting
vy# Physician, Westminster Hospital, writesYour
SPECTACLES are highly appreciated by ine.and nre a gnut
improvement on my old ones. No contrivance could po=sib|y
Bint better.’’—To Mr. II. LAVKAXCR. Oculist-Optician.
jA.OId Bond-street. W.; and «, Poultry, E.C. Pamphlet free.
W SEDGWICK SAUNDERS, Esq., Medical
" ▼ • Officer of Health to the City of London, writes:—
“The GLASSES you have made for me nre a great success,
and afford more comfort than I bnvo ever liad.“—T.» Mr. H.
LAPKaNCE. Oculist-Optician, 1A, Old Boml-strect. W.; and
6, Poultry, E.C. Pamphlet on the Sight free.
1EPHTHAH S VOW, by Edwin Long, R.A.
“ Jephrhub's Return,“On the Mountains," and "The
Martyr’’—ON VIEW, with his celebrated “Anno Domini."
“ Zeuxis ntCrolona,” A’C.,at THE GALLERIES, 168,New Bond-
etreet. Ten to Six. One Shilling.
THE VALE OF TEARS.—DORE’S Last
-l Great PICTURE, completed n few days before he died.
NOW ON VIEW at the DORR GALLERY. Si. Sew Boml-strect,
with his other great Pictures. Ten to Six Daily. One Shilling.
THE NEW GALLERY, Regent - street.
JL ARTS AND CRAFTS EXHIBITION SOOIETY.-The
first Exhibition is NOW OPEN, Admission 1 *.—Walt Kit
C it as h. President. Enx&tr Raiifouv, Secretary.
T YCEUM THE ATRE.—Sole Lessee,
Mr. HENRY IRVING.
TO-NIGHT (Saturday) at Nine.
Mr. RICHARD MANSFIELD as
DR. JF.KYLL and MR. HYDE.
Preceded at Eight by LESRIA.
Box-office (Mr. J. Hurst) Open Daily from Ten to Five.
VITREMAINIE (Stained Windows). By
' tin*'niipie process WINDOWS ||1R> be quickly ami richly
decorated at small cost. I Hum rated Guido, Is., post-free.
WILLIAM BARNARD. I!». Edgwarc-road, London.
A DVICE TO MOTHERS. — Are you broken
m your rest by a sick child, suffering with the pain of
X^LORILINE. For the Teeth and Breath.
-A is the best Liquid Dentifrice in the world : it thoroughly
-demises part ialf>-decayed t.-.-t Li fr.ou nil para*’to* nr being
1_TOLLOWAY'S PILLS and OINTMENT.
aA The rills purify (lie blood, correct all disorders of the
liver, stomach, kidneys, mid bowels. The Ointment is.un¬
rivalled in the cure of bad legs,old wonnds.gont,rheumatism.
rpOWLE'S PENNYROYAL and STEEL
A PILLS for FEMALES. Sold in Boxes, la.IJiL and 2«.Ud..
of all chemists. Sint anywhere «»n receipt of IS or 31 stamps by
the LINCOLN and M1DLANDCO CNTI EH DRUG CO.,Lincoln.
ROWLANDS’
ODONTO
E P P S’S
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
COCOA
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
NUDA VERITAS
original colour. Uju*e* growth ou
NUDA VERITA8. for twenty-
two year* acknowledge*! to bo
an (tenor to all other Hair lb-
SCOTT’S EMULSION
OF PURE COD LIVER OIL
I With Hypophosphites of Lime and Soda.
PALAT ABLE AS MILK.
The only preparation of COD 1.1Vl;If @11, that can bo takon readily and tolerated for a Inns time.
as a'hembdy fob consu mption, bronchitis. scRnm.iini i mil tiiim.
A> V.MIA. C KSKHAI. BHIIH.IIV. < <>l <■![•. AMI TH HO AT A PFKCTI OS S,~nml nil
WASTING HI suit OCHS or < Illl.imr-S OK .11)11x1 It i> ninrvellmi* in it* re-nlts.
Prescribed and endorsed bv the best Physicians.
SOLD BY ALB CHEMISTS AT 2/6 AND 4/6.
Is the best
TOOTH POWDER ;
whitens the Teeth
and prevents decay;
contains no acid or
gritty substances.
Buy only
ROWLANDS’
O DONT O.
Sold everywhere.
* AMATEUR
, FRET WORKERS
I should, before ordering olyewherft
" ^,1 two staraiB for on lllurtrauH
II Price-List of Wood Patterns, Saws,
y Frames, CMmps, Ac.
, B. STEEL & WOOD,
^ MaiUi/octitrera end Importer*,
k7 1. ll UUtK'AN, LO.vnON, EC.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
AUTUMN and WINTER
JX NOVELTIES.
QILKS, DRESSES, MANTLES,
U COSTUMES, to.
OOO Pieces FAILLE FRANCAISE,
V per yard, 3 a lid.. 4s. lid., 5s. lid. 80 shades to
select from.
800 Pieces real CHINA SILKS, per yard, Is. 6d.,
Is lid., 2s. 6J.. in all new Art colouring*.
SEAL and OTTER MANTLE PLUSHES, per yard,
6s. lid. to 15 a id.
New BROCADED SILKS and SATINS, specially
made for dinner, promenade, and Coart wear.
600 Pieces extra rich STRIPED SATIN and VELVET,
per yard, 2s. lid., 3s. lid.. 4s. lid.
300 pieces extra cheap Black SATIN M E R VS, specially
recommended, per yard. &. lid.
O50 Boxes Velvet - Velveteens,
V coloured and black, per yard. Is. 6d.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JHOLSON s | y- 1 n
“ Good Taste with Esonomy.” I ||
NICHOLSOlVa
“ Good Taste with Eaonomy.”
JjpA Wholesale City Prices.
THE CHOICEST and CHEAPEST
Wy STOCKS OF DRESS FABRICS,
SILKS, and VELVETS.
wliilS.k\ /' : V77.//.VS ;
MHBBk 100 ILLUSTRATIONS of Costumes,
y\ Jackets, Mantles, and Ball Dresses,
POST-FREE.
>/' I ' r, 'i l I"' y " kv
" coloured and black, per yard. Is. 6d.
450 Boxes VELVET-VELVETEENS, extra wide and
tc;t rich, per yard. 2« 91.. 3s. 9d.
30) Pieces fine FRENCH CASHMERES, per yard,
la lid., 2s. 6d.
230 Pieces FRENCH MERINOS, per yard. If. 9d.
All-Wool CASIMIllS. -ha,l,-. jht yard. rtj.l., Is.
ALASKA SEAL MANTLE CLOTH, 64 In. wide, per
yard, 9s. 9d. to 46s.
3000 new AUTUMN SKIRTINGS, 2 b. 6d. to 10s.6d.cach.
TUEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS.
A" from 42s. to £3 3 0
NEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS, with Capes
from 52s. 6d. to £4 4 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS from 33s. 6d. to 6 5 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, Lined SUk, Quilted,
and Trimmed Fur .. .. from 63s. to 9 9 o I
PLUSH JACKETS, Loose or Tight Fittlug,
from 42s. to 5 5 0
■REIGE, Serge, and Fancy-Cloth
■A* COSTUMES.from £l 5 6 >
Fine Habit-Cloth COSTUMES, applique, lu
various designs, great novelty.3 3 0
Cashmere COSTUMES, Trimmtxl, Plain, Stripe,
and Check Silk, or Velvet .2 18 6
CHILDREN’S COSTUMES, Real Devonshire
Serge.0 6 11
CHILDREN’S Silk ami Fancy COSTUMES .. 0 18 11
CHILDREN'S JERSEY - COSTUMES,50designs 0 6 11
PATTERNS and Illustrations
post-free.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-Bt.
BROWH’S PATEST
‘DERMATHISTIC’
CORSET,
. PRICE 5f. lid.
WEARS BETTER THAN ANY
OTHER.
f||f PJl DRESSMATER,ALS '
ifnBll for all Season} and all
||! from 6d. to 2». Hid. per yard.
DELPHIXA, £t 5s. M. EVENING MATERIALS.
Made in Scorch Yoh m MOURNING MATERIALS.
French F.».,K-. and vVc urn CALICOES.
Cloth*, richly braided by LINENS.
K;; nr r'; ,, ' n ^ matcml for 8HEITING8.
'The All-Wool. FLANNELS.
He a r'ffe wamultcil^an dye Pattern Free.
D. NICHOLSON l CO.,
50 to 54, ST. PAUL’S-CHUECHYARD, LONDON.
LADIES’ DRESSES.
NEW PATTERNS FREE.
SPEARMAN
-A. IN-r>
SPEARMAN,
p 5 x j -3Tm:otttp3: .
EXQUISITE DRESS MATERIALS
ROYAL NAVY SERGES.
The highest taste, best qualities, and cheapest
prices. In Pure Wool only.
Orders are Carriage Paid ; and any length la cut.
These beautiful Goods are supplied to Ladies
themselves, not through Agents or Drapers.
BUY DIRECT FROM
SPEARMAN add SPEARMAN.
PLYMOUTH, DEVON.
BY SPECIAL APPOINTMENT TO H. M. THE QUEEN.
EDMONDS, ORR, & CO.,
t ladies' and Juvenile Outfitters,
Tailors, and Hosiers,
47, NISM8RE-ST., CAVENDISH-SQ.,
H Y GIEHIC DSDER WEAR
Specialties in Slender Waist Com-
binatitms and Undemats. Higher Low
Necked, Long or 8hort Sleeves.
o; ili8 Trawseaoi, Lsyettsi, MUlineij, Ac.
_ PATEST. Pnco- Lmn on Application.
UNEQUALLED FOR
INFANTS, CHILDREN, & INVALIDS.
SCOTTY,
° at-f lov^
Hlnki. ff n Mr PlrMtoMi »« Awards.
•SN'T Reeowimended bj the Medical Profession. '
„ Sold Ini all Grcrrr, and Chemist,.
. -jhker^.an.ftrott.filasgow.Manelie.ter.ftl^nJ.in. j
^Nothhig^can^bc bettor. The Swanbill Silk Elastic Belt is
1 The Swan bill Belt I re™ ni'mcnd to all young mothers, fn
lothin^tend^toftg^nwm.a!.somuch rts the loss of ftjninie r
Natural maiden form, even though the mother of a hug
■tuiily. —Madame Kcliild's Journal,
semi .Size of Waist, with P.O.O. on 179. Sloane-strcei
Uustnited Belt and Corset Key i*>st-frec.
ADDLEY BOURNE,
j LADIES' WAREHOUSE,
III, SLOANE-STREET, BELUU1VIA Hate of neesdllljl.
Long Li Ft*
Guaranteed by the nse of HUNT'S FAMILY
FILLS. Large numbers of people in robust health
can testify to the truth of this assertion, having
regulated themselves entirely by these Pills for
over 50 years. One pill will invariably relieve,
and a little perseverance radically cure, either a
Torpid Liver, Costiveness, Indigestion, Fains in
the Back or Head, Influenza or Feverish Cold, I
Rheumatism, Lumbago, Flatulency, or Giddiness. I
THEY RESTORE BRIGHTNESS TO THE EYE, j
CLEARNESS TO THE COMPLEXION, SHARP- I
NESS TO THE INTELLECT, AND ENERGY TO
BOTH MIND AND BODY. To Ladies they sre |
invaluable. Sold everywhere, in boxes, Is. lid.
and 2s. 9d. Wholesale Agents, WILCOX and Co., I
239, Oxford-street, London. Post-free.
RoOnd
S/yrtafure^of w
’cess and popularity of St. Jacobs Oil hap
article* of largo and Influential Jeters have been devoted
to the details of what seem to be almost magical cures
effected by the use of St. Jacobs Oil in local caws,
coming under the immediate attention of the publishers.
St. Jacobs Oil is endorsed by Statesmen, Judges, the
Clergy, tlie Medical Profession, as well as by people
j in every walk of life.
The curative powers of SL Jacobs Oil are simply mar¬
vellous. It is wholly an outward application. It
conquers pain quickly and surely. It acts like magic.
It penetrates to the seat of the disease. It cures oven
when everything else 1ms failed. It has cured thousands
of eases of rheumatism and neuralgia which had resisted
treatment for the greater part of a lifetime. It has
cured people who have boon crippled with pain for more
than twenty years. After tlie most thorough and
practical test. Sc. Jacobs Oil has received Six Gold Medals
at different International Exhibitions for Its marvellous
!»wcr to conquer pain. It is used extensively in the
leading Hospitals and Dispensaries of the metropolis ^and
provincial cities, and also on board her Majesty’s Troop¬
ships and the Cnnard .Steam-ship Conq»any’s Fleet. Put
up in white wrappers for human use (the Oil is also sold
In yellow wrappers with such ingredients added as are
l>aiticulavly adapted for use on horses, cattle, and dogs),
price 2s. 6d, per Bottle, of all denle-.s in Medicine through¬
out the world ; or sent, post-free, by the Proprietors,
The Charles A. Vogefcv Coni pony, 45, Farrlugdon-foad,
London, EX',
r p IT R O A T
DISEASES.-
BROWN’S
ful in Anterior foi
bronchitis, asthma
the cure of coughs,
catarrh, or any jrrita
colds, hparsene-s,
tho throat, are no
Is. lid. per Box. Pi
imported, and sold
t up in tho form of n
n this country at
lozenge, it is i bo
and strengthening the roico in the world.
JJROWN'S
BRONCHIAL
Cure Coughs.
TROCHES
JJR0WNS
BRONCHIAL
TROCHES
gROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
Cure Hoarseness.
’TROCHES
gROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
Cure Bronchitis.
TROCHES
J^ROAVNS
BRONCHIAL
Cure Astli nm.
TROCHES
gROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
Cure Catnrrii.
TROCHES
JgROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
TROCHES
TAROWN’S
i 9 Sold by
BRONCHIAL
TROCHES.
always at hand to be used os
public speakers will find then
render articulation wouderfu
' 01Y
T>ROWN\S BRONCHIAL TROCHES
U Relieve the Hacking Cough in Consumption.
TJROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES
A* Cure Irritation in the Throat.
“OROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES,
9~9 For Public Speakers.
TAROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES,
-»I for Singers,
| ---
I lAROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
-* * Used by everybody.
I XMIOWNS BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
A 9 Sold l>y all Medicine Dealers.
j JJROWN S s BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
TJROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES
u arc wrfcctlj- safe.
j JJROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES
B ROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES,
Sulil In all part, of Ilia I’mlod State*.
JJBOWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
JJROWN’S s 1 BRONCHIAL TROCHES^
JJROWNS BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
TJROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
Sold In Pans.
j-JROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
UROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES.
Prepared by John I. Brown and St>n*, Boston, United Slutc:.
jgROWNS BRONCHIAL TROCHES
J^ROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
TROCHES
gROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
TROCHES
J^ROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
Cure Hoarseness.
TROCHES
JJROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
Cure Bronchitis.
TROCHES
! J^ROWN'S
BRONCHIAL
TROCHES
J^ROWN'S
BRONCHIAL
Cure Catarrh.
TROCHES
JJROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
hire Soreness of the Throat.
TROCHES
' J^ROWN’S
BRONCHIAL
for Irritation of the Throat.
TROCHES
ITROWN’S
j ’ or COUGH I
con am oo »P™ni
BRONCHIAL
.OZENOES. They are very
TROCHES
I'lcnsnnt to jnXo,
ii n”-cou' l! rC poo * 1c v^Vn^
V^iT-T
liacklnx oough°Bh!
oufd try Diem aumetv t hey'a
reTsafcam! ntTe
remedy. Brown
's Bronchial Troches for
1 ulmoncry and
OCX. 20, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE CHANCERY LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
A GREAT NATIONAL SAFEGUARD.
QII AXC'ER Y-LANli SAFE DEPOSIT.
NECESSITY OF THE TIME.
qITanceuyTAne safe deposit.
I A great national safeguard.
QHANCERY-LANE - SAFE "DEPOSIT.''
I fa NECESSITY OF THE TIME.
| QHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
A GREAT NATIONAL SAFEGUARD.
QHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT._
A~ NECESSITY OF THE TIME.
QHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
A GREAT NATIONAL SAFE GUARD.
OHANCKRY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
A NECESSITY bF _ THE~"TIMK
QHANCERY-LANE SAFE DEPOSIT.
SECOND to NIInFm - -- S™ VE ITS PATRONS in nil ITS DESTRUCTION by TO
■REGARDS~SAFETFa5d'-“ QEPAltTilENTSwitli theBEST of its KIND. QBLIGED TO LAY Ol
QONVENIENCE, and HAS the gEFQKE the ERA of _ [_ ARGE SUMS OF MO
ADVANTAGE of BEING — S AFE DEPOSIT COMPANIES, gURGLAR-PROOF SA1
|_OC A LI. VS IT (! A T E D. ~ gVERY PERSON SEEKING a _ |T WAS NOT LONG, h
It - PLACEsHTSELf^EFORE the 1 ' pLACE WHERE HIS ' "gXPERIENCEDTHIEF
pCULlC witlfthe VALUABLES WOULD BE SAFE from the gNTEli THESE STRO:
Prospectus and Card to View post-free on application. Writing, Waiting, and
and 62, CHANCERY-LANE,
| NROADS of THIEVES, nnd from
PEOPLE arc now COMPELLED to
DESTRUCTION by FIRE, wns
SEEK OTHER MEANS of
QBLIGED TO LAY OUT
PROTECTION for their WEALTH.
LARGE SUMS OF MONEY in so-called
THE TIME HAS GONE BY Vt HEN
gURGLAR-PROOF SAFES.
PRIVATE SAFES IN ONE’S
|T WAS NOT LONG, however, before the
gXPER IENCK D T111EF FOUND tile way to
gNTEIt THESE STRONCLBOXES, and
OWN HOUSE or
0FFICE can be CONSIDERED
Absolutely trustworthy
ThCTIUPUT”
Rma
CHANCERY-LANE, LONDON,
GOLDSMITHS’ ALLIANCE
w.c.
Price 16 a 6 d. —with loll Leather Cued Cord
nowly-lnvouuxi Perfect Achromatic Combination Glasses
are imule In accordance with the directions of the Tech¬
nical Artillery Commission Office of Poitiers (France),
and render the “ MLIPUT " equal if not superior to all
tho large and cumbersome glasses generally used in the
Army. Travelling, Theatres, Races, Ac. 50.000 in uac nil
over Europe. Thousands of best testimonials.
E. KRAUSS AC CO.,
60, ITAYMARKET, S.W.
PAWS—I, AVENUE DE I.A KEPCBLIQUE.
ED. PINAUD
PAmS^B-deStrasIonrg
I’s Celebrated Perfumes
| Violet of Parma I Theod ra
Ixo a Breo nl | Aida
I’S quinine wateF
MXORA SOAP
(LIMITED),
Late A. B. SAVORY' and SONS,
SILVER AND BEST SILVER-PLATED MANUFACTURERS,
— - • n & 12 ,CORNHILL, LONDON,E.G.
P . (Opposite the Bank of England.)
A1CESTER PATTERN.
| Massive Silver Bowl, richly chased, gilt inside,
on ebonized plinth, to hold 9 pints ... £20
Larger size, ditto, 13 pints . 25 1
SPOONS & PORKS.
TEA & COFFEE SERVICES.
WAITERS & TRAYS.
CLARET JUGS & GOBLETS.
CRUET & BREAKFAST FRAMES.
INKSTANDS, CANDLESTICKS, &c.
|P? A new Pamphlet of Prices, Illnstrated with
over 500 Engravings, will be forwarded, post-
free, on application.
LICENSED APPRAISERS.
20 0 0 VALUATIONS MADE FOR PROBATE.
25 10 0 DIVISIONS OF FAMILY PLATE ARRANGED.
C O D - L I V E R
n VMIM LIQUID MALT, forms a valuable adjunct to Cod-Liver Oil, being not only a highK-
D Y IN I 1^1 _ concentrated and nutritions Food.-but a powerful aid to the digestion of all starchy and
* farinaceous matters, rendering them easy of assimilation by the most enfeebled invalid.
Bynis, being liquid, is entirely free from the Inconvenient treacle-like consistence of ordinary Malt Extract; it to
very i»alateble, and jAssesses the nutritive and peptic properties of malt in iK3i’fcctiou. It Is a valuable aliment in
I Consumption and Wasting Diseases, lit Bottles, at Is. lid. each.
o I L.
KINAHAN’S
LL
WHISKY.
SCHWEITZER’S
COCOATINA.
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa or Chocolate Powder.
GUARANTEED PURE SOLUBLE COCOA.
Sold in ilb., Jib., and 1 lb. Tins.
BY CHEMISTS, GROCERS, &c.
MUSGRAVE’S Patent
“ULSTER” STOVES
arc the mist Perfect and Reliable Heaters made.
SAMUEL BROTHERS.
BOYS' SCHOOL
OUTFITS.
SAMUEL BROTHERS,
I Merchant Tailors, Outfitters, &c.,
65 & 67, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C. | makes.
N E ST L E’S
FOOD
\J 4 \sALW 0 N 4
Perfume
A Dream of
Loveliness
toym pYi 1^
Lon d on.
4.§j(s)
MELLIN’S
FOR INFANTS AND INVALIDS.
FOOD.
UMBRELLAS.
■ 5 NAME IS ON
.A FRAMEYOUBUY s> l
?JC9Limited
MANUFACTURERS OFfllLM
MENTS IN UMBRELLA FRAMtyB
3FMAR*5^jaBi
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided Improvements (protected by
Letters Patent) which give increased
Stability and greater Neatness to the
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
facture the Steel specially lor all
their frames and are thus ablo to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferior
NIMROD'S
CURE-ASTHMA
Established nearly quarter of a century.
Proscrili.-d I'T the Medical Facility thronphoat the world,
ft Is used <vs on inhalation, and without any after bad
AmoSTlhc thousands of testimonials the following will
“ T1 ’» cMiior” 1 "' 1 '-‘LordEeaconefleld
“ I have tried every remedy ever **''*
“ Thi.!. ' Iwllc °-s^ifforeujMackenzie.
„ I CUKE is the
1 ""'^Oliver Wendell Holmes.
Trial .ample, tree 15 post. J. 1 '
BORAX
EXTRACT OF
SOAP.
QUEEN'S PATENT FOR UTILITY.
“ The Great Dirt Ex¬
tractor-Perfection.”
Packets, One Fenny each
and upwards.
IB0RA1
Now Ready. Tenth Edition. |
Contrkt* Symptoms of Dys-
pcjwln and Indigestion ; Sj^clnl
AUvlCf as to Did ami Koglinon ;
Disown* Sympathetic; Notes for
Dyspeptics: Beverages, Air,
and Ventilation ; Particulars of
numerous Dyspeptic Cases. Sent
for one stamp.
Address : Publisher, 46, Holborn
Viaduct, Loudon, E.C.
AN ENTIRE DIET FOR INFANTS.
. Supplies all tho elements necessary for the complete nourish¬
ip , \J ment and growth of the human frame.
V% Nestle’s Food, being partly composed of milk, is complete
ami entire in itself, and requires simply the addition of water
to make it instantly ready for use. It is not merely an auxiliary,
like other Infants’ Foods, which require milk to be added in
Recommended by the highest medical authorities as the
J ^cistcjxd ^ nearest equivalent to Mother’s Milk.
SOLD BY ALL GROCERS
SOAP DEALERS. trade mabk Cukod.).
PATENT BORAX COMPANY,
Manufacturers. Works; BIRMINGHAM.
'TiAVT.OR'S CIMOLITE is the only
Viaduct, Loudon, E.C. j Pamphlet, with Medical Testimonial., sent, post-free, on application to H. NESTLE, 0, Snow-hill, London, E.C. |
LOMIWX : Printed and Published at thp Offloe, 198, strand, in the Parish pt St. Clement Danos, In tho County ot Middlesex, by Ikghjui Brothers, 198, Stvan,
I'AYLOIi’S CIMOLITE
A- thoroughly harmless SKIN POW DEB.
tiicri«ncc«l rin*nusi,iuul constnntly proven
m incur Skin Doctors. Post-frpc. Semi 14 or
TAYLOR, Chemist, 13, Baker-street, I
OCT. 27, 1S8S
47S THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMKS PAYN.
A well-known Profess.>r of the henling art hns been giving a
lecture to medical youth upon the value of attention. Many,
he says, who plead their “ bad memory ” as an excuse for
ignorance, do so on false grounds ; they liavo not forgotten,
but. through inattention, have never learnt. This is admir¬
ably true, and what he go?s on to say about the same fault
when they have ceased to be medical students and have become
practitioners is. doubtless, true also—only to us Laymen much
more alarming. It seems that it is by no means uncommon
for our medical adviser to visit us with a preoccupied mind ;
while we are telling him about our symptoms, and eloquent
upon the size and colour of our great toe, he may be thinking
about the next Derby, or the hue of the new dado in his
dining-room. This, says the Professor, is very dangerous—
that is. for the doctor, of course. *• All men are thought-
readers. and our patients more so than any others.” It is not
necessary for the doctor to mechanically murmur “ It ought
to be green,'* to convince an intelligent patient that he is not
thinking about his toe. Again, what is called “a nervous
operator" remarks the Professor, “ is simply one who cannot
bring his attention to bear upon a difficulty that suddenly
arises.” Instead of cutting one’s leg off, for example, the lilt
of some grand old song. I suppose, beloved in infancy, may
vaguely float inti his mind, and his knife become, as it were,
a tuning-fork. Doing under chloroform, the patient would,
of course, be unconscious of this distraction of the surgeon's
mind : but it is just possible it might interfere with the
success of the operation.
If the Professor were not as honest as he is scientific he
might have given us some hints as to the simulation of atten¬
tion, which would be invaluable to his fellow-creatures,
whether they belong to the medical profession or otherwise.
How difficult it is to listen to a liore with any semblance of
interest, however important it may be for us to do so ! He may
be the father of the girl we want to marry, or we may owe him
money, or he may be the editor of the magazine to which we
wish to contribute, and yet as he bores on and on we arc con¬
scious that our eyes are growing lack-lustre, and reveal tho
palsy that is attacking our vitals. If this good Professor
would give us something to make us look bright and pleased
under an infliction of this kind for twenty minutes at a stretch,
that would be a prescription, indeed. Somebody advertises his
pills, “ No more disease or death ; well worth five shillings
a box ”; but pills that could bo conscientiously trade-
marked, **No more necessity for counterfeiting attention”
would be worth any money. They would have to be taken on
the sly, of course, as people take dinner-pills; but who would
have scruples about duplicity when under the harrow of an
art critic or a china maniac ? Even Emperors experience the
need of some anodyne (or, rather, anaesthetic) of this kind.
The most amusing incident in the late progress of tho
Emperor of Germany is the account of his being shown the
objects of art and antiquity (for which he doesn't care six¬
pence) in the Museum and Basilica at Home. The poor young
fellow, we are told, rushed through the halls and through the
church, repeating always, “I shall return ; I shall return,” in
a loud voice ; but adding to himself softly, we may be sure,
“ Not if I know it,” or “ If I do I’m a Dutchman”—or, more
probably, '* a Frenchman.” The alternative suggestion that he
meant. “ I shall return ami take them ” (as another Emperor
did who had a greater turn for bric-i-brac) offered by a
cynical friend is one I am thankful to say that could never
have entered into my head.
Everyone (l hope) remembers how the vulgar persons who
ventured to express a doubt that because a thing was written
in Greek and two or three thousand years ago, it was not on
that -account necessarily worth reading, were put to the rout
by the publication of a volume called “ Greek Wit”: a striking
example indeed of how a very small thing can put some
people down. The quotations were all assigned to their
proper author (including the oft cited “ Ibid ”) so that the
most ignorant of us learnt to whom he was indebted for each
sparkling sally. Sometimes, qnite a galaxy of great names
were included in a single illustration, when the brilliancy of
the story was, of coarse, proportionably dazzling. As, for
example: “ Antagoras the poet was cooking a conger eel, and
holding the pan himself, when Antigonns came behind him
and asked, 4 Do von suppose Homer, when be was writing
Agamemnon’s deeds, cooked a conger?’ ‘Sir,’ replied the
other, ‘do you suppose Agamemnon, the doer of such deeds,
troubled himself to inquire whether any of his men
cooked congers in camp ) ’ ” Of course, “Greek Wit” ic
not always of this side-splitting description. Human
nature could not have stood it, but must have burst blood-
vessels in its mirth ; some of the humour is quite of a material
kind (though full of philosophy), and—to compare great things
with small—has an affinity with onr humble “ practical
jokes." Alcibiades, having bought a remarkably handsome dog
for a large sum, cut off its tail. “ This I do,” said he, “ that
the Athenians may talk about it. and not concern themselves
with any other acts of mine.” Even a person who has not
received a classical education will be able to appreciate the
vigorous drollery of the above anecdote ; but there are other
stories in the collection of much greater subtlety, the fun-
aroma of which perhaps demands for its conveyance the
unrivalled faculty of expression of the Greek aorist. For
example : *• Philip once gave a favourite a horse that had been
badly wounded. The man sold him. and on being asked some
t ime afterwards bv the generous Monarch ; Where's your horse ?'
he replied. “ He is sold of his wound.’ ” Admirable as this is, as it
stands, something seems to have escaped in translation. The
following, however, one of the many charming stories from
Plutarch, is jHM'fectly intelligible (and only to think that it
might have been burnt or mislaid, like the Sibylline Books
and other works of antiquity, and never come down to us!) :—
“Alcibiades, going to school, asked for Homer's ‘ Iliad.’ * We
don't keep Homer here,’ said the schoolmaster. Alcibiades
knocked him down, and went on.” To extract more beauties
from “ Greek Wit” would be to rob the dead—or, rather, the
Immortals. There are positively none in the collection
(which seems exhaustive) much inferior to those I have
ventured to quote.
been deterred—which they have lamented at our manu¬
factory—from adopting the only means of safely by iron
coffins, by interested persons stating they would not be received
at the burial-grounds. We are informed at the Bishop of
London’s Office they cannot be refused.” I think that “ which
they have lamented at onr manufactory ”—their going to the
wholesale offices of the company to do it—is a pretty touch.
Having performed this good office to classical wit—so far
as the Greek prose writers were concerned—the English editor
has now favoured the nnlearned public with selections from
the Greek comic poets. We read how everybody (who it any¬
body) roars over the Westminster Play (“ The Frogs,” you
know, and so on—not “ The Boys and the Frogs,” but the other),
and why, says this good fellow to himself, should not the poor
people who have been brought up in the “ modern ” schools,
and even commercial academies, learn to appreciate what their
betters enjoy so ? Everyone has heard of Menander, but only
a favoured few have hitherto been in a position to relish his
amazing wit:—
That wine of yours to queer sensations leads,
I thought this morning I had got four heads.
This, it is true, is the very best of the poet’s witticisms, but
how excellent! And, of course, how new ! These authors
were not like the miserable wits of to-day, who can never hit
on anything novel; they had all the world (of subjects)
before them where to choose, so that (if a word of detraction
is permissible) their complete success is not, perhaps, after all,
so wonderful. Long before the Daily Telegraph exploited tho
topic, Menander wrote of wedlock :—
Marriage, if truth be told (of this be *ure),
An evil Is—but ono wo must endure.
What must have enhanced the charm of these ancient utter¬
ances is that they are almost all longer in Greek—the linked
sweetness more drawn out—than they are in English. Many
persons I trust, for his name is in the Scriptures, have heard
of Philemon; but that was not the Philemon who wrote the
following epigram :—
“ Hall, father! ’’ when a crab was served, Aygrrhlus said; and rather
Than such a prlzo should wasted be, preferred to eat his father.
This witticism, with which I conclude, reminds one of what
Cheirisophus said to his patron Dionysius when asked why he
laughed at a joke, when he was too far off to catch it. “ Well,
I saw you laughing at it, and trusted to you for the joke being
a good one.” Similarly, we have now and then to trust to the
English editor for the goodness of his Greek jokes. There is
no question, as I understand, among scholars but that he has
rendered them admirably. And notwithstanding our boasted
march of intellect, and all the rest of it, I doubt whether the
contents of either volume can be mnch surpassed by the wit of
the first Shakspearean clown in any travelling circus in the
United Kingdom. If the Wisdom of the ancient Greeks is on a
par with their Wit, or anything like it-but the English Editor
has probably got that in hand by this time, and I will not
anticipate the treat he must needs have in store for us !
If the horror of the Whitechapel murders shonld have the
effect, as I am in some slender hope it may have, of calling
public attention to the growing brutality of our roughs, they
will not have happened in vain. Onr Judges and our Magis¬
trates have so persistently shut their eyes to it, or treated it as
a natural outgrowth of poverty and vice, that the whole com¬
munity—save those who suffered from it—were beginning to
take the same view. Only here and there has astonishment
been expressed that, while crimes against property have been
punished with rigour, those which make the lives of thousands
of women and children intolerable, and death their only
sanctuary, meet with comparative impunity. The moan
of the mother, the cry of the children, goes up to
Heaven in vain. Nothing short of murder seems to rouse
Justice from her apathy—a sort of Justice nearly allied
in its partiality to what used to be called “ Justices’
Justice,” and so dull that she does not recognise a noxious
weed till it grows to its full height. Even so early a lesson as
Hogarth's “ Stages of Cruelty” seems to have been forgotten,
if she ever learnt it. She is shocked at a murder like that at
Tunbridge Wells, for instance, when a man has a bullet put in
his head and is dead in an instant; but to the slow torture of
innocent and helpless persons at the hands of miscreants ten
times worse than murderers, she blinks (I had almost said
“ winks ”), and mnrmurs, “ Forty shillings, or a month.” A
young ruffian is standing in the street, and a cat “ rubs itself
affectionately against bis legs” ; whereupon he seizes it, throws
it thirty feet in the air, and laughs to see it come down with
its spine broken. Another fiend burns a lame pony with a hot
poker to make it “ travel ” faster. If the punishment for these
acts seems adequate—three weeks’ imprisonment in the one case
and a month in the other—it only shows how callous (not¬
withstanding its milk-and-water fears of brutalising those
who are brutes already) the public mind has become
to such crimes. I am ignorant enough. Heaven knows, but I
do claim to know something of human naturo : and in letting
these villains off with so light a punishment. I maintain the
law has practically said, “ It is nothing to me that you should
grow up bad fathers, bad husbands, and bad citizens ; it will be
time for me to take you in hand when yon have murd 'red
somebody.” One is almost tempted to add (save that it is the
law rather than its administrators which is to blame)
that it would be only poetical justice if they selected such
Justices for their victims.
We have had some curious information dug up lately as to
the prices that used to be paid for subjects for dissection ; but
the advertising enterprise of the body-snatching days has been
strangely neglected. Here is a notice from a public company,
started not so much, ns usual. “ to supply an obvious void ” as
to prevent a void only too likely to take place in the family
sarcophagus. “ Body-stealing has commenced. The dissecting
lectures will require more than two hundred bodies every week
to be dragged from the wood coffins. Several persons have
A correspondent, touched by my reference the other week to
“ Nick of the Woods,” inquires after “ Horse-Shoe Robinson,”
another favourite of his boyhood, as of mine. I fancy we
mast have been both indebted for it to The Novel News¬
paper, a work which attracted my attention at that epoch more,
perhaps, than it shonld have done. A year or two ago, when
publishers thought to make their fortunes by selling books for
sixpence—as authors have since thought to do by selling them
for a shilling—“ Horse-Shoe Robinson ” made its appearance.
I bought it at once, as I always do buy any literary favourite of
my schooldays, to see whether I have quite outgrown them : if
the terrible situations, or the perilous adventures, have still
their charms—“ If it be I, as I do hope it be ”—I am gratified ;
if not, I attribute the change to the fastidiousness of
a too-cultured intelligence. I do not like to think the
fault can lie in the books that once seemed so delight¬
ful. I confess, however, I found “ Horse-Shoe Robinson ” dull.
This was not at all the case with another and much
more widely known American favourite that I happened,
after forty years of absence, to come across the other day,
Cooper’s “Pathfinder.” It had not only all the interest
of old, bat a merit I had never suspected in it, and which
I fancy few readers have recognised: an original spring
of humour. “ Pathfinder,” who is not only the best shot but
the greatest moralist in the settlement, is explaining to “ Cap **
how right it is to be honest and jnst in our dealings even with
Indians. “Once I came suddenly upon a camp of six
Mingoes asleep in the woods with their guns and horns piled
in such a manner that I could have got the whole of them
without waking a miscreant of them all. If the *' Serpent ’
had been there he would have had their scalps at his girdle
in less time than it takes me to tell you.... But a white man
can no more attack an unarmed than a sleeping inimy. No, no;
I did myself, and my colour, and my religion too, greater justice.
I waited till their nap was over, and they well on their war-path
again : and by ambushing them here and flanking them there,
I peppered the blackguards bo intrinsically” (Pathfinder
occasionally caught a fine word from his associates, and used
it a little vaguely) “ that only one ever got back to his village,
and he came into his wigwam limping. Luckily, as it turned
oat, the great Delaware had only halted to jerk some venison,
and was following on my trail; and when he got up he had
five of the scoundrel's scalps hanging where they ought to be ;
so. yon see, nothing was lost by doing right, either in the way
of honour or in that of profit.” This is surely true humour,
and (what seems rather carious now-a-days) though written
by an American author it has nothing in common with
American humour.
THE EMPRESS FREDERICK^
The illustrious lady, recently widowed, who has our cordial
and respectful sympathy—the Empress Frederick of Germany
and Queen of Prussia, Princes* Royal of Great Britain—laid
the foundation-stone of a Mausoleum for her lamented husband
on Thursday, Oct. 18. which was his birthday. Its site is in
the Royal Park of Sans Souci at Potsdam, behind the
Friedenskirche, where his funeral took place in June, in a spot
shaded by fine oak and beech trees. There will be a circular
building, 2."> ft. in diameter, with a rotunda above, surmounted
by a high cupola, lantern, and gilt cross. Her Majesty had
that morning, at the palace, received a deputation from the
Berlin Municipality with an address of condolence. In per¬
forming the ceremony in the park, she was accompanied by
the Hereditary Prince and Princess of Meiningdn, the three
yonnger Princesses her daughters. Princess Frederick Charles
and Prince Leopold, the Crown Prince of Greece, Count
Seckendorf, and her Ladies-in-Waiting. As the stone was
lowered, the 12»ith Psalm was sung by the choir. Short
addresses were delivered by the Rev. Dr. Wind el and the Rev.
Dr. Pcrsius, Court Chaplains, followed by singing a hymn.
RUSSIAN OPERA.
The performances of the Russian National Opera Company at
the little theatre formerly called the Novelty, and now entitled
the Jodrcll, have already been briefly referred to in antici¬
pation. The opening of the series was announced for Oct. 17,
and then suddenly postponed to Oct. 18; having again been
deferred to the following Monday, Oct. 22. The production of
Rubinstein’s opera, “ The Demon ”—a work of the grand
romantic class, requiring elaborate stage effects and scenic
splendour—would have been a questionable step under any
circumstances in a tiny theatre best adapted for vaudevilles
and pieces of a similar description ; and as the opera jnst
named has been given in an Italian version at our Covent-
Garden opera house with great solo vocalists and especial stage
and scenic advantages, the recent experiment on a much
smaller scale was somewhat risky. It is gratifying, therefore,
to be able to record that the experiment met with* an
amount of success that will probably be enhanced when
the performances become better known to the public.
The representation of “The Demon” now referred to in¬
cluded a masterly performance, both vocally and dramatic¬
ally. of the title - character by M. Winogrndow, a young
baritone whose declamation and op tion Merc alike admirable.
Mdlle. lvanowa sang agreeably, if not- very powerfully, ns the
Angel of Light, as did Mdlle. Wieber, as Tamara ; and M.
Jumaschcw, as Prince Sinodal, in the little tenor music
assigned to that character ; the part of Prince Gudnl having
been efficiently maintained by M. Weisshoff. The choral
passages were excellently rendered by ‘‘he. Moscow choir, and
a select orchestra did its best with the elaborate and difficult
instrumentation of the score. Signor Trnffi conducted ably.
A memorial statue of Sir Hngh Owen, late Secretary of the
Local Government Board, was unveiled at Carnarvon on Oct- 22
in the presence of a large and representative assembly.
The Bishop of Pretoria has again sailed for his distant
diocese. He has taken with him a set of plans for his cathedral
of St. Albans, designed by Mr. William White, FJ3.A.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
PARISIAN SAVINGS AND DOINGS.
(jVom Bur oten Correspondent.)
Paris, Tuesday, Ocfc. 28.
The political record of the week is an inextricable labyrinth
of financial complications. The Budget of 1880 has come on
for discussion, and. like the Budgets of 1888 and 1887, it has
to struggle against a terrible deficit. The Republic outlives
its income, year in and year out, to the tune of some four
hundred millions, and within ten years hns borrowed about
four milliards. The discussion seems likely to centre on the
enormity of this deficit, which, in view of the forthcoming
elections, the Republicans will try to conceal and the Conserv¬
atives to expose, all of which will tell in favour of Boulanger
of first rank. The fourth lino was formed by a number of
second-rate ironclads, transport, and service vessels.
The 0 |K.*rations for the launch were begun as soon as the
Emperor and the Royal party had arrived. The Bishop of
( ristellaraare, in full caiioniculs. attended by his clergy, pro¬
nounced a benediction on the great ship: the christening with
a bottle of Italian wine was duly effected; and then the
Re Cm her to began her descent into the water amid tumultuous
cheering from thousands of spectators, the Emperor taking off
his hat and waving it in salutation.
When the ceremony was finished, the two Monarchs
went on board the Royal yacht Favoia, where they were
received by Admiral Acton. After the Royal party had
partaken of luncheon, the Savoia weighed anchor and put
•IAZZA l»E
TKUME,
ARRIVAL AT THE QUIKINAL PALACE, ROME.
Sketch by our Special Artist.
Sketch by our Special X
of all arms by the Emperor and King at Centocelle,
hare been a brilliant success. TV
known to members of the Roman
metres distant from Rome. The
the ground so early as five o’clock,
positions were taken up in good order,
drove np, followed by the Duchess of Ao
At half-past ten the Emperor
the gronnd. The Emperor woi
the Imperial Guards, with a
Grand Cordon of the Military Ordi
had conferred on him the day before
rode a magnificent black horse. I
uniform of an Italian General, was on
charger. The two Sovereigns, foil*
hundred officers, among whom were
rode at a gallop to the Royal stand.
Queen, with whom the Emperor exchanged a few \
hands played the German National Anthem
Sovereigns first came on the ground, and afte
Italian Royal March.
The review commenced immediately. The En
the King, passed slowly along the lints, inspectin',
with keen attention. They then took up posit
Queen’s right for the march past. The force <
Carabineers. Grenadiers. Regiments of the Line,
Foot and Horse Artillery, Alpine troops. Mount a
on the backs of mules, and Lancers, being tlioroi
sentative of the Italian army. The Bersaglieri
a run, keeping the lino admirably ; and the tri
gallop past of the Field Artillery were splendidly
left wheel being afterwards made as if the meii,
guns were a solid inass. The Emperor was much |
the appearance of the Alpine
were light-haired, like the C
ad ini re< j the Bersaglieri. and a
out, that pace, observing at tl
think the German soldiers we;
to maintain such a speed.
In the evening * '
Majesties attended
where they could witness the succeeding and the malcontents. To make their electoral prospects worse
the Ministers have revived the hated question of an income-
tax, to be levied independently of the existing taxes, which
apply to various kinds of revenue. There is every probability
that the Chamber will reject the Ministerial Bill, which
decidedly opens a door for spying of all kinds.
The event of the day about which there is most talk is the
publication of another violent anti-Semitic pamphlet of five
hundred pages, by M. Edouard Drumont. author of 44 La France
Juivc.” The present work, called “ La Fin d'nn Monde,” is a
social and psychological study of the different classes of
French society since the Revolution—the aristocracy, the
middle classes, the people, the world of politics, finance,
law. Socialism. &c. — the whole from the point of
view of a militant Catholic, whose mania it is to see
Jews everywhere. M. Drumont depicts modern France os
being full of rottenness and corruption—a decadent nation,
devoured and dominated by the Jews and the Freemasons, who
are masters of its finances, its commerce, its justice, and its
government. The only remedy, he thinks, would be the re¬
vision of the Revolution for the advantage of all; and. in order
to accomplish this, he proposes to arrest some three hundred
persons, Jews or Christians by birth, but who have acquired
their wealth by the Jewish system —that is to say, by specu¬
lation and financial operations—and to force these persons to
restore to the tuition the millions which they have managed
to monopolise. Although M. Drumont makes frequent appeals
to violence and bloodshed, he considers that this Revolution
could be made peacefully by resorting to the methods of the
Middle Ages and of the old Monarchy—namely, the convocation
of a Chamber of Justice.
The Chamber of Deputies nominated to-day a Commission
to report finally on the projected maritime canal between
Paris and Rouen, one of the most important Bills that the
present Legislature has had to consider. The object of making
Paris a seaport is to enable it to get possession of the transit
business which now goes through Antwerp. The maritime canal.
by facilitating the provisioning and defence of
__ Paris, would have great strategic importance. The
projected canal would be 112 miles long, twenty
feet deep, and half as broad again ns the Suez
• | Canal. There is a strong movement in favour of
/I the creation of this canal, of which the estimated
v _ . I H cost is £4.800,000. T he Paris Seaport Company
! asks no State subvention ; and nmongst the
l/f I politicians it is believed that the Bill will be
e camp of Centocelle. well evolutions.
Hunt, is about seven kilo- All the shi
began to arrive on passed to the i
fore eight all the Naples. Neai
Queen Margherita movement, ar
past the Envoi
and the King came on on the right
i the white uniform of and Affonduti
silver helmet, and the Sparviero, and
■ of Savoy, which the King Etna, Bausan
ilis Imperial Majesty the screw de
King Humbert, in the torpedo cruis<
i a handsome bright bay rest of the ft
owed by a staff of two to the Savoia.
twelve Italian Generals, The speet.i
where they saluted the most imposing
■rest in]
me day, their
given by the
y of Rome, at the
German Emperor..
or to the Pope, at the
have mentioned, was
„ - the recognition of his
Majesty being the guest of the King of Italy,
with whom his Holiness still refuses to entertain
courteous and neighbourly relations, denying
the right of the Italian nation to make Rome
its political capital. The Emperor therefore
went, in a German State carriage, with German
attendants, from the residence of the German
Envoy accredited to the Pontifical Court The
scenes in the
the Vatican
Sketches.
At Naph
j Tuileries gardens and the Champs Ely sees, ter¬
minating at one end with the Arc de Triomphe
and at the other with the Gambelta monument.
| This perspective is certainly grandiose, but
the contrast of its two extreme points,
Napoleon I. and Gambetta, is curious, not to sav
comic. The space is to be converted into a
garden. It is suggested, however, that a vast
winter garden, a democratic Crystal Palace,
might be built there for the joy of the children,
who could play there in the cold months, while
their parents listen, as usual, to the military
rband.
M. Paschal Grousset, taking advantage of
experience gained in England, has been
making a journalistic campaign in Lr Tnnp*
in favour of physical education and athletic
sports. The consequence is the formation of a
Ligue Nationalc de l'Education Physique, pre¬
sided over by M. Berth el ot, of the Academies of Science and of
Medicine, and the projected foundation at Paris of an Ecole
Normale des Jeux Scolaires by means of private stibscriptioris.
The matter is attracting much attention, and strong pro¬
pagandist efforts arc being made.
The Municipal Council decided last December to erect a
monument to Danton at the corner of the Boulevard Faint
Germain and the Rue de l’Ecolede Medicine, near the former
dwelling of the famous member of the Convention. A rancour*
was opened, and no less than seventy French sculptors have
sent in models, which are now on exhibition at the Hotel de
Villc. To the execution of the model finally selected, the
Municipal Council has devoted the sum of 00,000 f. T. C.
At Naples, on the Tuesday following, the IsHP V*
Emperor and the King of Italy were .greeted
with immense demonstrations of popular en-
thusiasm. They went next day to Castellamare.
on the shore of the Bay of Naples, where are ^ eJA
Vf'T dock ? in which the latest addition to
, 'talian Navy, the great ship Rc Umberto.
has been built. This ship, one of the largest
war-ships in the world, is 4<Hl ft. long, 76 ft. 9in. ^3SdM
broad, draws 28 ft. 8 in. of water, and has a dis-
Placement of 18,298 tons ; she has noside armour,
o it the deck nrnionr, curving up from below
the water-line. i s of steel plate, and slie is
exrrle nt ° , ' vator -tijtlit compartments : she
i r I ' 11 ' 10 ', 1 Armstrong guns of seventeen-inch calibre,
__ 0,1 t "'° barbettes defended by very strong armour,
• many smaller gnus; she has twin-screw propellers, with
-n gre ?. t power ' *° att »ie a speed of eighteen knots an
dimension! 6 *“ a " d the Lepant0 are » hi l'» (,f «l““l
Dnwf A pe 5° r ’ t J h< L Kin *’ Prince Henry of Prussia, and the
readV for Vi * an<1 °. enoa ’ °» reaching (’astellamare. found all
[he luv dmwn reOCptl f ° n ,T he Ita 'i a » Fleet was at anchor in
land was* lil. F, m fo ’, Ir ! lnos facing the shore. Nearest the
boats win, j"® ° f borpedo-boats, next lay some more torpedo-
intw ^I'^ch-vessels and one erniser. and behind them.
imbekto
CASTEI.
summit of the Capitol an immense star in a pure white light,
symholising the Hope of Italy.
Next morning the Emperor and the King witnessed some
mameuvres by the Third Regiment of Bersaglieri. on the
parade-ground of the Cavalry Barracks, the German Emperor
having expressed a great desire to see more of their peculiar
mode of marching. At three o’clock the Emperor left Rome,
pnssing to the station by the King’s side. They were heartily
cheered. The Emperor travelled direct to Berlin.
The Queen has approved the appointment of Mr. Gnrndas
Bauerjee. Pleader of the High Court at Calcutta, to be a
J udge of that Court,
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, 0
SKETCHES
.RRIVINO AT THE VATICAN: SKETCHES IN THE CROWD.
THE EMPEROR AND THE KING OF ITALY AT THE REVIEW AT CENTOCELLE, R]
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
Casanova, Italian artists, from the Italian Exhibition. In
the front of the building are the lending and reference
libraries, the ladies' reading-room, and the Commissioners’
room, on the first floor ; the remainder being occupied by Mr.
II. Burns, the librarian. There are seven thousand volnmea
of books.
(i E11M AN EMIN T A S H A RELIEF EXPEDITION.
The apprehended failure of Mr. H. M. Stanley’s expedition to
relieve Emin Pasha, who is a German physician and man of
science, from his embarrassed position on the Upper Nile, has
caused the Germans to subscribe ample funds to send out a
new expedition, the Commander of which is to be Dr. Carl
Peters. He is thirty-two years of age, a native of Neuhans, on
the Elbe, and was educated at Ilfeld, and at Gottingen.
Tubingen, and Berlin, studying law, history, geography, and
national economy : and graduating in the Berlin University.
From 18S1 to 1HS4, Dr. Peters resided in England, gaining a
thorough knowledge of the history and state of our Colonies.
Having returned home, he obtained, with the support of
Prince Bismarck, an Imperial charter, under which he formed
the German East African Company, of which he was elected
President. He dispatched sundry expeditions to East Africa,
in order to take jKissession of the territory opposite Zanzibar.
In September, IKSfi, Dr. Peters convened at Berlin the first
German Colonial Congress. In the following spring, he went
to Zanzibar with his executive staff, and concluded a treaty
with the late Saltan Said Burghash. Since his return to
Europe, Dr. Peters has initiated in Germany the movement for
a relief expedition to aid his countryman, Emin Paslm, and is
President of the committee. He is also presiding Director of
the German East African Company, Chairman of the German
East African Plantation Company, joint President, with Prince
llohenlohe, of the German Colonial Society, and President of
the General German Colonial Alliance. He is author of several
works on colonisation. Lieutenant Wissmann, the well-known
African traveller, will be associated with Dr. Peters in the
oommand of the German Emin Pasha Relief Expedition.
STATUE OF SHAKSPEARE.
Shakspeare presented to the city of Paris
hton, vice-president of the International
is erected at the junction of the Avennc
3 Boulevard Haussmann. The sculptor,
i represented our great dramatic poet in an
with a cloak hanging over his left arm.
posture. An ornamental stone pedestal
At the unveiling ceremony, on Sunday,
?re made by Mr. Knighton. M. Darlot,
is Municipal Council, and M. Mozi^res, a
THE PARIS
The bronze statue of
by Mr. William Knig
Literary Association,
do Messina with th<
M. Paul Fournier, has
Elizabethan costume, 1
and in a meditative ]
supports the statue. -
Oct. 14, speeches wei
President of the Parii
OBITUARY.
LORD MOUNT-TEMPLE.
William Francis Cowper-Temple, Baton Mount-
.be second son
he fifth E
Amelia, his wife,
daughter of Vis¬
count Melbourne.
He was educated
at Eton, and was
formerly Brevet -
Horse Guards. ' ”
He sat in the House of Commons for Hertford, 1834 to 1868,
and for South Hampshire, 18(i8 to 1880, holding at various
periods several Ministerial appointments—viz., a Lord of the
Admiralty, 1816 to IS.'*2 ; Under-Secretary of State, 1853;
President of the Board of Health and Vice-President of the
Educational Department, 1853 to 1858 ; Vice-President of the
Board of Trade and Paymaster-General, 1859 to 1860; and
Chief Commissioner of Public Works, 1860 to 1866. 11c was
private secretary to Lord Melbourne when Premier, and was
sworn of the Privy Council in 1855. He assumed, by Royal
license in 1860, the additional surname and arms of Temple
on succeeding to the estate of his stepfather, Viscount
Palmerston ; and was created a Peer in 1880. He married,
first, June 24, 1843, Harriet Alicia, daughter of Mr. Daniel
Gurney, of North Runcton, Norfolk, which lady died in the
August following; and secondly, Nov. 22, 1848. Gcorgiana,
daughter of Admiral J. R. D. Tollemache. As Lord Mount-
Temple has died without issue, the title becomes extinct.
Oar Portrait of the late Lord Mount-Temple is from a
photograph by Mr. Samuel A. Walker, of 230, Regent-street.
THE DOWAGEIl DUCHESS OF HAMILTON.
Princess Mary of Baden, widow of the eleventh Duke of
Hamilton and eighth Duke of Brandon, died on Oct. 18. Her
Grace was born Oct. 11, 1817, the younger daughter of Charles
Louis Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden, by his wife, Princess
Stephanie, Vicomtcsse de Beauharnais, adopted daughter of
the Emperor Napoleon I. The issue of the marringe con¬
sisted of two sons and one daughter—viz.. William Alexander
Louis Stephen, the present Dnke of Hamilton and Brandon ;
Lord Charles George Archibald Douglas Hamilton, who
died in 1886 ; and Lady Mary Victoria, married, first, to
Prince Albert of Monaco, Dnke of Valentinois, and secondly
to Connt Tassilo Festetics.
THE LATE MR. JOSEPH LEVY.
The death of Mr. J. M. Levy, one of the chief proprietors and
managers of the Daily Trlegraph, not, indeed, from its founda¬
tion, but from the early period at which it was pat on a footing
that rendered it a most successful London newspaper, took
place on Oct. 12, at his seaside residence, Florence Cottage,
Ramsgate, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. He was
born in London, in 1812, and was partly educated at Bruce
Castle School, Tottenham, the well-known establishment of
Mr. Hill, father of Sir Rowland Hill, where the late Right
Hon. W. E. Forster and other sons of the Nonconformist
families, several of them destined to public eminence, received
their education. Mr. Levy finished his education in Germany,
and engaged in commercial business. He was an esteemed
member of the Jewish Commnnity in England, a steadfast
Liberal, and a man of enlightened views ; and he took mnch
interest in musical and dramatic art, while his private virtues
were known to his family and many personal friends. His
funeral, in the Ball’s Pond Cemetery, performed by the Rev. A.
Lowy, was attended by Mr. Edward Lawson, Mr. H. W. Lawson,
M.P.,Sir Edwin Arnold, and the members of the Daily Telegraph
editorial staff.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
The military expedition commanded by General M’Qneen in
the hill country on the Hazara frontier of the Punjaub seems,
within ten days of its starting for the Black Mountain, to have
effected the complete defeat of the Hasanzais and the Akozais.
These hostile tribes have been summoned to pay a fine in money,
and to surrender the leaders of the attack on Major Battye's
detachment of the Punjaub Frontier Force at midsummer last.
Their villages and the towers of their chiefs have been destroyed
to enforce submission. Some fighting took place on Oct. 10,
when a force which had crossed the Indus to reconnoitre
Palosi was on its return march. The fourth column was still
advancing northward, and occupied Kunhar on Oct. 11, having
ont a road through the forest. We have received from Captaii
Francis C. Carter, of the Northumberland Fusiliers, with the
first column, a sketch of the view of the Black Mountain
looking west from the Bagrwan post, near Dilbori, where this
portion of the Hazara Field-Force was on Sept. 27. The highest
peak, in the centre of the background, is that of Chittabut,
which was reached by General MQueen in the first week of
October.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Connt di Robilant, Italian Ambassador at the Cem-t of St.
James, at the Embassy in London, on Oct. 17, ngeu sixty-two.
The Rev. Thomas Agar Holland, Rector of Poynings,
suddenly on Oct. 18. in the eighty-sixth year of his age.
Captain H. V. Pennefather, late of 22nd and 41st Regiments,
at Pietermaritzburg, Natal, Sonth Africa, on Ang. 9, aged
fifty-nine years.
Mr. J. W. De Longueville Giffard, Judge of the Exeter
County Court, and brother of the Lord Chancellor, on Oct. 23,
at his residence near Exeter. He was appointed Judge of the
Huddersfield circuit in March, 1873, and was transferred to
Exeter a few years ago.
•BARE
member of the French Academy, and former lecturer at the
Sorbonne on English literature. Several other persons of note,
among whom were the Belgian and the Chinese Ambassador,
were also present. The. study of Shakspeare in France has not
been despised or neglected during the past half-century, as it
was in the times of Boilean and of Voltaire, having been
favoured by the influence of the French romantic school and
of Victor Hugo. The translation of Shakspeare by Francois
Hugo is considered to have some merit.
COLONEL SIR B. P. BROMnEAD.
Sir Benjamin P. Bromhead, Bart., Lieutenant-Colonel Bengal
Staff Corps, and Commandant of the 32nd Pioneers, who lost
his right hand in the action with the Thibetans, saw service
in Afghanistan, where he took part in both the Bazar Valley
expeditions, comes of a family of soldiers. He is brother of
Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Bromhead, commanding 2nd
Battalion Sonth Wales Borderers ; of Major Gonville Brom¬
head. V.C., of the same regiment, whose heroic defence of
Rorke’s Drift after the massacre of Isandhvana, in conjunction
with Lieutenant Chard, will ever be one of the
brightest pages in our Army annals; and of
<(f>- the late Captain Edward Bromhead, of the 4th
A'ilsL. King’s Own, who served in the Crimea, and
died in Bnrmah, Their father. Sir Edward
wSdSteg, Gonville Bromhead, Bart., was a Peninsular
and Waterloo'officer, who led the forlorn hopo
at Cambrai, and was present., then a Major, at
the capture of Paris ; while their grandfather,
the son of a gallant officer who had been at
Louisbnrg, and with Wolfe at Quebec, dis-
tinguished himself in the North American
campaigns, and obtained a taronctcy for bis
services. Other members of the family have
been noted for their prowess.
PETROLEUM-SHIP EXPLOSION AT CALAIS.
An alarming disaster, by which four persons were killed, took
place on Tuesday, Oct. 16, at seven o'clock in the evening, in
the dock basin at Calais. A vessel of 1100 tons, called the
Ville de Calais, which had brought a cargo of petroleum from
America, blew up from an explosion of petro¬
leum gas, and was broken into two pieces ; the
fore part continued burning all night. The
cargo of oil had been discharged, as the ship
was to leave the port next day, but the wood-
work partitions were saturated with that liquid, /XdUpo Sri
which bad generated an immense quantity of
inflammable gas ; and this, mixing with the
air, became highly explosive, and was ignited [sfflfcggv
by some accident. The sound was tremendous ; l‘tr§©WiW'
houses in that part of the town were shaken
as by an earthquake, and hundreds of windows
were shattered by the concussion of the air.
Huge beams, spars, and other frngme;
the vessel were hurled to a great dii
The second officer, Lieutenant C’linqun
Gravelines; the third engineer, a Breton
Kervouasou; a sailor named Derrier
another, lost their lives by this disaster. C
Blondel, who was lying down in his cabi
Souvignou, the chief engineer, and one c
other persons on board, were unhurt, b
stoker had a leg broken. Several ships
dock
THE FULHAM FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY.
The Bishop of London, on Saturday. Oct. 20, opened the new
building erected, at a cost of £6000, by the Commissioners
appointed under the Act of Parliament to carry out the vote
I MARRIAGES.
Mr. Robert Piercy, eldest son of the late Mr.
Piercy, of Marchwiel Hall, Denbighshire, was
recently married to Margberita Alliata Vagli-
onti, only daughter of the Connt and Countess
Alliata Vaglienti, of the Palazzo Scotto, Pisa.
The chnrch of St. Mary, Weldon, Northamp¬
tonshire. was crowded on Oct. 17 by a fashion¬
able assembly to witness the marriage of Mr.
Charles Verc Gunning, of the 68th (Durham)
Light Infantry, son of Sir George Gnnning,
Bart., of Horton, with Miss Ethel Beatrice
Finch-Hatton, daughter of the Rev. W. R.
Fincli-Hatton. Rector of Weldon. The brides-
fe) maids were the Misses Finch-Hatton (the bride s
sisters), the Misses Gunning (the bridegrooms
sisters), Miss Mand Oxenden, Miss Monckton,
and Miss S. Pratt. The best man was Mr. G. C.
of the 68th (Durham) Light Infantry, and Master
ibinson officiated as page.
marriage of Dr. Edward Stewart and Lady Philippa
Howard took place on Oct 18 at St. John's Church.
Ghyll. The bride was given away by her brother, the
f Norfolk, and was attended by her sister. Lady
t Howard, and Miss Stewart, Bister of the bridegroom,
ismaids. Among those present were the Dnke or
, Lady Mary Howard, Lord and Lady Edmund Taibct.
ies Hope, and Dr. Pasteur, who was the best mc3
losion
The Fishmongers’ Company have given
£250 to the funds of the National Sea Fisheries
Protection Association.
Great Western Raihva,
despatch of a special t
at 8.53 a.tn. on Saturday, Oct. 27, for the con¬
veyance of passengers to be embarked by the
Orient, leaving Plymonth the same afternoon for Gibralt
Naples. Suez, Albany, Adelaide, Melbourne, and Sydney.
The new school-room at the High School for Girls,
Bromley, Kent, was opened on Oct. 22 by the Archbishop
Canterbury. Sir John nnd Lady Lubbock being present.
The Marchioness of Salisbury has given another proof
her sympathy with women's work by opening the premi
taken, in Brook-street, by Miss Charlotte Robinson (Homc-A
Decorator to her Majesty) for the decorative work done in 1
London and Manchester stndioa
'imipsrr
OCT.
1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
483
THE LATE LORD SHAFTESBURY.
Baroness Burdett-Coutts, on Oot. 7, unveiled the statue of
the late Earl of Shaftesbury, which has been placed in West¬
minster Abbey, near the western door. The statue is the work
of Mr. Boehm, R.A., and was executed from a bust by the same
artist which was finished from life a few years before Lord
Shaftesbury’s death. He is represented in the robes of the
Garter, with his hands clasped in front. The statue is about
ST.VTVE or THE LATE EARL OF SKAFTBSBtttV IN WESTMINSTER
8 ft. 6 in. high, and is placed upon a marble pedestal, which
bears the inscription :— 11 Anthony Ashley Cooper, seventh Earl
of Shaftesbury, K.G. Bom April 28, 1801 ; died Oct. 1, 188.1.
Endeared to his countrymen by a long life in the cause of the
helpless and suffering. Love. Serve.” The last two words
are the family motto of the Shaftesbnrys. It is also intended
to erect another memorial, probably in Piccadilly-circus. in the
shape of a bronze drinking-fountain, which has been designed
THE PARNELL COMMISSION.
The Special Commissioners appointed to investigate the
charges against the Parnellite members proceeded with their
inquiry on Monday, Oct. 22. Little public interest was mani¬
fested in the proceedings or the personages engaged or concerned
in the inquiry. When Sir J. Hannen, the President, and Justices
Day and Smith took their seats, only a few of the members
implicated in the charges besides Mr. Parnell were present,
and tbe Court was not full; but the attendance increased
during the day. Counsel for Mr. Parnell applied at the out¬
set for an order for the release from prison of Mr. W. Redmond,
M.P. The Commissioners consented to order his release on his
undertaking to take no part in public proceedings during his
release. These conditions being refused, no order was made.
The Attorney-General, in opening the case for the Time*, said
he alleged that the acts which he should prove were done in
furtherance of a concerted and preconceived conspiracy, with
definite objects and aims, and with the knowledge or idea that
the only way in which the organisation could do its work was
by the commission of crimes. He proceeded to show the con¬
nection of individuals with various organisations, beginning with
the formation of the Land League after the collapse of the
Fenian movement, and Btated that Mr. Parnell and others
implicated in the charges were connected with the League,
which derived its support from those in America who advo¬
cated dynamite and assassination. He read extracts from
intimidating speeches made by members of the League, which
were followed by murders and outrages, and had not finished
this branch of the case when the Court adjourned. The
Attorney-General, continuing his statement next day, re¬
viewed the operations of the Land League between 1879
and 1882 in the counties of Kerry, Mayo, Cork, and
Clare, with a view of showing that the institution of
local branches and the holding of meetings at which violent
speeches were made invariably resulted in murders and other
outrages, as well as in intimidation and boycotting. The
beads of the League were cognisant of the acts of their agents,
and found the money for carrying on the organisation of
crime. Some documents had come into the possession of the
Timet which would be produced to establish that contention.
As to the letters alleged to have been written by Mr. Parnell,
every information would be given to the Court as to their source.
Impartial persons had had the opportunity of comparing
them with undoubtedly genuine autographs of Mr. Parnell,
and declared that they were in the same handwriting.
Mr. Parnell came into court at the time the Attorney-
General was referring to the letters which are alleged to have
been written by him. The proceedings were continued on
the 24th, when there was a considerable discussion about
certain documents in a box marked “A,” which it was ultimately
agreed on should be handed over to the Commissioners to
decide whether they were material to the inquiry or not.
After a few more words the Attorney-General then resumed
his address.
THE CANADIAN SHOEBURYNESS.
The Dominion Artillery Association of Canada, in September,
held its annual meeting on Orleans Island, in the River
St. Lawrence, near Quebec. It may be called *' the Canadian
Shoeburyness,” and will be interesting to our Artillery
Volunteers in England. Captain Imlah, of the Regiment of
Canadian Artillery in Quebec Citadel, took some photographs,
whioh have been sent us by Captain R. X. Rutherford. The
meeting, which was a complete success, was attended by
batteries from the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia,
New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. Some of the
detachments had travelled over 800 miles to be present. It
was expected that an English and a Scotch team would have
been present; bat this is hoped for next year. The last English
team that came out for the meeting was in 1884. The
Canadians sent a detachment to England in 1880.
TRAFALGAR-SQUARE STATUE OF GORDON.
The National Monument, for which money was voted by
Parliament, in honour of the late Major-General Charles
George Gordon, C.B., the hero of China and of Khartoum, is
erected in the middle of Trafalgar-square. It is a bronze
colossal statue, 10ft. Gin. high, standing on a pedestal of
Derbyshire limestone, which is nearly 20 ft. high, with two
granite steps. Mr. Hamo Thornycroft, R.A., the sculptor, has
STATUE OF THE LATE GENERAL C. G. GORDON IN TRAFALGAR-
SQUARE.
produced an effective figure, looking perhaps more robust and
athletic than Gordon seemed when living : the hero stands,
bareheaded, in undress military uniform, with his left foot
resting on a shattered cannon ; a Bible is in his left hand,
which also supports the head in an attitude of deep thought.
A short cane, which he was accustomed to carry even on the
battle-field, is under his
arm. Tbe bronze was cast
by Mr. A. Gilbert, A.It.A., and it is also hoped that funds will
be forthcoming for the establishment of a seaside or country
home for poor and convalescent children.
The Queen has conferred the dignity of a Marquisate on
the Viceroy of India under the title of Marquis of Dufferin
and Ava.
The Prince of Wales has appointed Colonel Robert X. Fitz-
hardinge Kingscote, C.B., Receiver-General of the Duchy of
Cornwall, vice the late Right Hon. Sir John Rose, Bart.
by Mr. Moore, of Thames
Ditton. The decorations of
the pedestal were partly
designed by Mr. Alfred
Waterhouse, R.A.; but Mr.
Thornycroft has inserted
four bronze panels with
graceful figures of the
cardinal Virtues, Fortitude
and Faith, Justice and
Charity, to which the cha¬
racter of Gordon owed so
much of its moral attrac¬
tiveness. Tbe monument
was unveiled, on Tuesday,
Oct. 16, by the Right Hon.
D. Plunket, First Commis¬
sioner of Works.
Lieut. Cooper, R.N., has
been killed off the Zanzibar
coast in an encounter with
an Arab slave-dhow.
■
S CANADIAN SHOEBURYNESS : MEETING OF THE DOMINION ARTILLERY ASSOCIATION AT ORLEANS ISLAND, NEAR QURBB0.
484
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 27, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM/
BY WALTER BESANT,
THE VISION OF CONSOLATION.
wmy is
■ ...'v ss*' ran no fast, being
' ' ; ll then young and
| strong, that li.li-
kHJffir janiiu, I am sure,
f ],'■ could not have over-
N? taken me had he
it, 1 .P-.\ ■ tried, because he was
'O.. -55 IT? X"V/£\' Vi V already gross of body
I I • B.i mid sli rt of breath
r C v — Ml in consequence of
(r ^ \ 4 his tippling. I have
I ‘ V \ 'V e since heard that ho
IA K®>, \ did not follow me,
llor did ho ''“te to
\ erf a> ^ push aside his father.
■ ^ But he laughed and
. ' -. ii< 1, “ L< t her mu ; let her run.
- I warrant 1 shall find her and
hark,” thinking, I
that 1 had run from
him ns a girl in play runs from
ipanions. I ran also so long, fear
r / lnnhn-r me strength, that the sun was
rar/tk>^ getting even into the afternoon before 1
\ ! * l:r■.<i t t<.p oked round from time
a! fdjr i*' 1 time, but saw no one following me. Ido
• ml 1,ot mn ' i |, l** r l , y w hat rood, track, or path, I
1 went: pasture fields and plantations I re-
o, y\,y *** member ; twice I crosx da stream on stepping-
stones, once I saw before me a village with n
church-tower; but this I avoided for fear of the people. When I
ventured to stop, I was in a truly wild and desolate country—
our county of Somerset hath in it many such wild places, given
over to forests, fern, and heather. Presently I remembered
the phtc •, though one forest is much like another, and I knew
that 1 had been in this part before, on that day when we rode
from Lyme to Taunton, and uguin on the day when we walked
prisoners with the soldiers to llmiuster. I was on the Black
Down Hill ngain.
When, therefore, I understood where I was, I began to recover
a little from the first horror which had driven me to fly like
one possessed of an evil spirit; and seeing that no one was in
pursuit. I began to collect my senses and to ask myself whither
I was going, and what I should do. I was then near that ancient
inclosure called Castle Hatch, from whose’walls one looks
down upon the broad vale of Taunton Dean. In the distance,
1 thought 1 could discern the great towerof St. Mary’s Church :
but perhaps that was only my imagination. I eat down,
therefore, upon the turf under these ancient walls, and set
myself to consider my condition, which was indeed forlorn.
First, 1 had no friends or protectors left in the whole
world, because after what I had done I could never look upon
Kobin or even Humphrey again ; nor could I importune
Madam, because she would not anger her sou (I represented
him in my mind as most unforgiving); nor could I seek the
help of Mr. Boscorel, because that might help his son to find
me out, and everybody knows that a husband may command
the obedience of iiis wife. And Sir Christopher was dead, and
my father was dead, and my mother was dead, and 1 could
not even weep beside their coffins or follow their bodies to the
grave. A woman without friends in this world is like unto a
traveller in n sandy desert without a bottle of water.
Vet was I so far better than some of these poor friendless
creatures, because I hod, concealed upon me, a bug containing
all the money which Burnaby had given me—two hundred and
fifty gold pieces—save a little which we had expended ait
Taunton and llmiuster. This is a great sum, and by its help
1 could, I thought with satisfaction, live for a long time,
perhaps nil my life, if I could find some safe retreat nmong
godly people.
No friends? Why, there was Susan Blake of Taunton ; she
who walked with \ihe Maids when they gave Monmouth the
Bible, the sword, and the flaigs. I resolved that 1 would go to
her and tell her all that had happened. Out of her kindness
she would take me in and help me to find some safe hiding-
place and perhaps some honest way of living, so ns to save his
money against Bantaby’s return from the Plantations.
Then I thought I would find out the valley where we had
lived for a fortnight, and rest for one night in the hut, and in
the early morning before daybreak walk down the comb and
so into Taunton while as yet the town was still sleeping. And
this I did. 11 was very easy to find the head of the comb and
the source of the stream, where we had made our encampment.
Close by. beneath the trees, was Bamaby’s hut: no one had
been there to disturb or destroy it; but the lcnves upon the
boughs which formal its sides were now dead. Within it the
fern and the heath which hod formed my bod were still dry.
Outside, the pot hung over the black embers of our last fire ;
and, to my great joy, in the basket which had contained our
provisions I found a large crust of bread. It was, to be sure,
dry and hard; but I dipped it in the running water of the
stream and made my supper with it. For dessert I had black¬
berries, which were bv this time ripe, and are nowhere bigger or
sweeter than on Black Down. There were also filberts and
nuts, now ripe, of which I gather^ a quantity, so that I had
breakfast provided for me, as well os supper.
When I lmd done this, I was so tired and my head was so
giddy with the terror of the day, that I lay down upon the fern
in the hut and there fell fast asleep, and so continued until far
into the night.
Now, in my sleep a strange thing happened untome. For
my own part, I account it nothing less than a Vision granted
unto me bv nicrev and special grace of Heaven. Those who
road of it may rail it wliat they please. It was in this wise.
Then* appeared before m.v sleeping eyes (but they seemed wide
open , as it were, a broad and open campaign; presently there
mine ninningnerosstheplaiii in great terror, shrieking and hold¬
ing her hands aloft, a girl, whose face at first I could not see.
She run in thin lmste and terrible anguish of fear because then*
followed after lcra troop of dogs, burking and yelping. Behind
the (logs rode on horseback one whose fnee 1 saw not any more
thnn that of the girl. He cursed and swore (I knew the voice.
but could not fell, being in a dream, to whom it belonged), and
cracked a horrid whip and encouraged the dogs, lashing the
laggards. In his eves (though his face was in some kind of
shadow) there was such a look ns I remembered in Benjamin's
when he put the ring upon my finger—a look of resolute and
hungry wickedness, which made me tremble and shake.
Now. as I looked, the dogs still gained upon her who ran,
and yelped as if in a few moments they would spriug upon
her and tear her flesh from her bones. Then suddenly,
between her who ran and those who pursued, there arose an
*AU Reserved.
awful form. He was clad in white and in liis hand he bore a
sword, and he turned upon that hunter a face filled with
wrath. Lightnings shot from his eyes and a cloud of thunder
lay upon his brow. At the sight of that face the dogs stoppt*d
in their running, cowered, and fell dead. And at the dread¬
ful aspect of that face the hunter’s horse fell headlong, and his
rider, falling also with a shriek of terror, broke his neck, and so
lay prostrate and dead. Then this dreadful minister of (iod’s
wrath turned from him to the flying figure, and lo ! his face
was now transformed; his eyes became soft and full of love;
he smiled graciously; a crown of glory was upon his head;
white robes flowed downward to his feet; liis fiery sword
was a palm branch: he was the Angel of Consolation.
“ Have no more fear,” he said, “ though the waves of the sea
rise up against thee and the winds threaten to drown thee in
the deep. Among the ungodly and the violent thou shult be
safe; in all times of peril the Lord will uphold thee; earthly
joy shall be thine. Be steadfast unto the end.”
And then I looked again, those blessed words ringing in
my cars; nnd behold ! I saw then, which I had not seen before,
that the fl.ving figure was none other than myself; that he who
cruelly hunted after with the dogs and the whip was none
other than my husband; and that the Angel of Wrath, who
became the Angel of Consolation, was none other than my father
himself! But he was glorified ! Oh! the face was his face—
that anyone could see; but it was changed into something—
I know not what—so far brighter and sweeter than the
earthly face that I marvelled ! Then the Vision disappeared,
nnd I nwoke.
So bright and clear had it been that I se emed to see it still
though I was sitting up with my eyes open aud it was night.
Then it slowly vanished. Henceforth, however, 1 was assured
of two things: first, that no harm would happen unto me, but
that I should be protected from the malice of my enemies,
whatever they might design (indeed, I had but one enemy—
to wit, the man who had that morning sworn to love and
cherish me) ; and next, that I had seen with mortal eyes what,
indeed, hath been vouchsafed to few, the actual spiritual
body—the glorified body, like to the earthly but changed—
with which the souls of the Elect are clothed.
So I Brose now without the least fear. It was night; but
in the East there showed the first grey of the dawn, and the
birds were already beginning to twitter as if they were
dreaming of the day. The wind was fresh, and I was
lightly clad, but the splendour of the Vision made me forget
the cold. Oh ! I hnd received a Voice from henven! How
could I henceforth fear anything? Nay, there was no room
even for grief, though those’terrible things had fallen upon me,
and I was now alone and friendless, and the world is full of
ungodly men.
It must have been about half-past four in the morning.
It grew light quickly, so that not only the trees became visible,
but the black depths between them changed into glades and
underwood, and 1 could see my way down the comb beside
the stream. Then, without waiting for the sun to rise (which
he presently did in great warmth and splendour), 1 started,
hoping to get into Taunton before the people were up and the
streets became crowded. But I did not know the distance,
which must have been seven miles nt least, because it was
nearly eight o’clock when I reached the town, having followed
the course of the stream through three villages, which I have
since learned must have been those of Pit minster, Troll, and
Wilton.
It was market day, and the streets were full of country
people-some of them farmers with bags of com in their
hands, going to the corn-market, nnd some with carts full of
fresh fruit and other things. Their fares were heavy and sad,
and they talked in whispers, as if they were afraid. They
had, indeed, good cause for fear; for the prison held over five
hundred unfortunate men waiting for their trial, and the
terrible Judge was already on his way with his carts filled with
more prisoners rumbling after him. Already Colonel Kirke
had caused 1 know not how many to be hanged, and the reports
of what had been done at Dorchester and Exeter sufficiently
prepared the minds of the wretched prisoners nt Taunton for
what was about to be done there. Among them was the
unfortunate Captain llueker, the Serge-Maker, who had looked
for a peerage, and was now to receive a halter. There was
also among them that poor man, Mr. Simon Hamlyn, who was
hanged only for riding into Taunton in order to dissuade his
son from joining Monmouth. This the Mayor of Taunton
pointed out to the bloodthirsty Judge: but in vain. The whole
five hundred prisoners were, in the end, sentenced to death ;
nnd one hundred and forty-five ac tually suffeied, to the great
indignation of those who looked on, even of the King's party.
Nay, at one of the executions, when nineteen were hanged at
the same time, aud a great fire was made so that the sufferers
might actually see before their death the fire that was to bum
their bowels, the very soldiers wept, saying that it was so sad a ,
thing they scarce knew how to bear it. Three years later, the
hard heart of the King met with its proper punishment.
The soldiers were among the crowd, some leaning against
bulkheads, some drinking at the ale-lionses, some haggling for
the fruit; some were also exerc ising upon C'astle Green. They
looked good-natured, nnd showed in their faces none of the
cruelty and rage which belonged to their officers. But what
a doleful change from the time when Monmouth’s soldiers
filled the town, nnd all hearts were full of joy and every face
shone with happiness ! What a change, indeed !
As I passed among the crowd, one caught me by the arm.
It was a little old woman, her face all wrinkled and puckered.
She was sitting on a stool beside a great basket full of apples
and plums, and a short pipe of tobacco within her lips.
“ Mistress,” she whispered, taking the pipe from her
mouth. “ Thou wort with the Maids the day of the Flags: I
remember thy pretty face. What dost thou here abroad
among the people ? The air of Taunton town is unwholesome !
There may be others who will remember tliec as well as I.
Take an old woman’s advice, and get thee gone. How fares
it with thy father, the worthy Dr. F.vkin ? ”
“ Alas! ” 1 said, “ he died in llmiuster Jail.”
“ ’Tis pity. But he was old nnd pious : lie hath gone to
Glory. Whithorn-ill those poor lads in the Clink go when they
are hanged ? Get thee gone, get thee gone ! The air is already
foul with dead men’s bodies : they tell strange stories of what
hath been clone bywomcn for the safety of their brothers. Get
tliec gone, pretty maid, lest something worse than prison
hnppcn io tliec. And Judge Jeffreys is coming hither like
the Devil, having much wrath.”
1 could not tell her that nothing would happen to me
because I was protected by a Heavenly Guard.
"I was in the town forty years agonc,” the old woman
went on, “when Blake defended it and we were wellnigh
starved. But never have I seen such things os have been done
here since the Duke was routed. Get thee gone!—haste away,
ns from the mouth of Hell!—got thee gone, poor child! ”
So I left her nnd went on my way, hanging my head, in
hopes that no one else would recognise me. Fortunately, no
one did, though I saw many faces which I had seen in the
town before. They were then tossing their caps and shouting
for Monmouth, but were now gloomily whispering, as if every
man feared that his own turn would come next. Over the
great gateway of the Castle was stuck up a high row of heads
arms, nnd legs of rebels blackened with pitch—a horrid sight!
Unto this end had come those brave fellows who went forth to
dethrone the King. No one noticed or accosted me, and I
arrived safely at Susan’s house. The door seemed shut, but
when I pushed I found that it was open—the loc k having been
broken from its fastening. Bnmaby did that, I remembered.
I went in, shutting it after me. No doubt Susan was with her
children in the school-room. Strange that she should not
repair her lock, and that at a time when the town was full of
soldiers, who always carry with them their riotous aud lawless
followers. ’Twas unlike her orderly housekeeping.
There was no one in the back parlour, where Susan
commonly took her meals and conducted the morning and
evening prayers. The dishes were on the table, as if of last
night’s supper or yesterday’s dinner. This was, also, unlike a
tidy housewife. I opened the door of the front parlour.
Though it was already past the hour for school, there were no
children in the room ; the lesson-books and copying-books and
slates lay about the floor. What did this untidy litter mean ?
Then I went up-stairs and into the bed-rooms, of which there
were three—namely, two on the floor above, and one a garret.
No one was in them, and the beds hud not been made. There
remained only the kitchen. No one was there. The house
was quite empty ; I observed also that the garden, which was
wont to be kept with the greatest neatness, now looked
neglected: the ripe plums were dropping from the branches
trained upon the wall; the apples lay upon the grass; the
flower-beds were cumbered with weeds; grass grew in the
walks; the lawn, which hnd been so neat and trim, was
covered with long grass.
What had happened ? Where was Susan ? Then I seemed
to hear her voice above chanting God for the victory, ns she
haddonowhen Burnaby burst in upon us; and metliought X heard
her singing a hymn with the children, ns she hnd done while we
all eat embroidering the Flags. Oh .' the pretty Flags.’ Aud
oh! the pretty sight of the innocents in white nnd blue
carrying those Flags ! The house was filled with the sounds
of bygone happiness. Hnd I stayed another moment I am
certain that I should have seen the ghosts of those who filled
the rooms in the happy days when the army was in the town.
Bui I did not stay. Not knowing what to do or whither to
fly, 1 ran quickly out of the house, thinking only to get away
from the mournful silence of the empty and deserted rooms.
Then, as I stepped into the street, 1 met, face to face, none
oilier than Mr. George l'cmne, the kind-hearted gentleman
who had compassionated the prisoners at Ilininster.
CHAPTER XXXII.
THE MAN OP SAMARIA.
“’Tis no other than the Fair Maid of llmiuster!” said
Sir. Penne, with surprise. "Madam, with submission, is it
safe-is it prudent—for one who walked with the Maids of
Taunton on a certain memorable duy, to venture openly into
the streets of this city at such a time? Judge Jeffreys doth
approach to hold his Court. Tliy friends are in prison or in
hiding. The Maids are scattered nil.”
“ I sought shelter,” I said, “ at the house of Susan Blake,
the schoolmistress.”
“How? You have not heard then ? Miss Susan Blake is
dead.”
“ She is dead ? ”
“Slie died in Dorchester Jail, whither she was sent, being
specially exempted from any pardon. ’Twas fever carried her
off. She is dead. Alas ! the waste of good lives! She might
have bought her freedom after a while, and then-
bat—well, ’tis useless to lament these mishaps.”
“Alas! alas!” I cried, wringing my hands. “Then am
I in evil plight, indeed! All, all are dead !—all my friends are
“ Madam,” he replied very kindly, “ not all your friends,
if I may say so. I have, I assure you, a most compassionate
heart. I bleed for the sufferings of others; I cannot rest
until I have brought relief. This is mv way. Oh ! I take not
credit to myself therefore. It is that I am so constituted; I
am not proud or uplifted on this account. Only tell me your
case, entrust your safety to me. You may do so safely, if yon
reflect for one moment, because—see—one word from me and
you would be taken to prison by yon worthy clergyman, who
is none other than the Rev. Mr. Walter Unite, the Rector of
Taunton. No one is more active against the rebels, and he
would rejoice in committing thee on the charge of having been
among the Maids. A word from me would, I say, cause you
to he hauled to jail; but, observe, I do not speak that worn—
God forbid that I should speak that word! ”
“ Oh, Sir! ” I said, “ this goodness overwhelms me.”
“ Then, Madam, for greater privacy, let ns go back into
the house and converse there.”
So we went back into the empty house and sat in the
back parlour.
“As for the nature of your trouble, Madam,” he began,
“ I hope you have no dear brothers or cousins among those
poor fellows in Taunton Jail.”
“ No, Sir: my only brother is at Ilminster, and my cousins
are far away in New England.”
“ That is well. One who, like myself, is of a compassionate
disposition, cannot but bewail the grievous waste in jail-
fever, smallpox, scarlet fever, or putrid throat (to sny nothing
of the hatigings) which now daily happens in the prison.
What cloth it avail to hang nnd quarter a man, when he might
be usefully set to work upon his Majesty’s plantations ? It is
a most sinful and foolish waste, I say ”—he spoke with great
sincerity and warmth—“ and a robbing of the pockets of
honest merchants.”
“ Indeed, Sir,” I said, “your words prove the goodness of
your heart.”
“ Let my deeds, rather than my words, prove that. How
fare the prisoners with whom you are most concerned f ”
“Alas! Sir Christopher is dead; and my father hath also
died of his wound.”
“So?—indeed? More waste! They are dead. More
waste! But one was old: had Sir Christopher been sent to
the plantations, his value would have been but small, though,
indeed, a ransom—but lie is dead ; and your father, being
wounded—but they nre dead, and so no more need be said.
There are, however, others, if 1 remember aright ? ”
“ There is my brother, in Ilminster Prison, and ”-—-
“ Yes : the two young gentlemen—Chnllis is their name—
in Exeter. J have seen them and conversed with them.
Strong young men, especially one of them. ’Tis sad, indeed,
to think that they may be cut off in the very bloom of their
age when they would command so high a price in Jamaica or
Barbadoes. I ventured to beg before their trial that they
would immediately begin to use whatever interest they might
bo able to command in order to get their sentence (which was
certain) commuted. Many will be suffered to go abroad—why
not these young gentlemen ? But they have no interest, they
assured me; and therefore I fear that they will die. 'Tis most
sad. They cannot hang all—that is quite true; but then these
young gentlemen were officers in the army, and therefore an
example will be made of them il they have no interest at Court.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct.
IRESTIER.
DRAWN
little old woman, with a short pipe of tobacco toithin her Ups.
As l passed among the crowd, one caught
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.”—BY WALTER BESANT.
__
486
'TEE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 27,
** Well, Sir," I told liim, pleased to find him of such a
kindly and thoughtful disposition, “ you will bo glad to hour
that they are already pardoned, and have been presented by
the King to a gentleman at Court.”
“Aha! Haycst thou so!'” His eyes glittered, and hr
rubbed his hands. “This is, indeed, joyful nows. One of
them, Mr. Ilobin Clmllis, is a goodly lnd, like to whom there
are few sent out to the plantations. He will certainly fetch a
good price. The other. Mr. Humphrey, who is somewhat
. rooked, will go for less. Who hath obtained the gift of these
young gentlemen ?”
*' It is n person named Mr. Xipho.”
“Mr. .lerome Xipho. 1 know him well. He is a good
Cntholii—I mean a Papist—and is much about tho Court. He
is lucky in having had mnny prisoners given to him. And
now. Madam, I hope you will command my services.”
“ In what way, Sir? ”
“ In this way. I am, ns I have told you ”—here he wagged
his head and winked both .yi s, and laughed pleasantly—“ one
of those foolish busybodics who love to be still doing good to
their fellow-creatures. To do good is my whole delight. Un¬
fortunately the opportunities are rare of conferring exemplary-
benefit upon my fellow-men. But here the way seems
clear.”
He rubbed bis hands nnd laughed again, repeating that the
way was clear before him, so that I believed myself fortunate
in falling in with so virtuous a person.
“ Oh, Sir; ” I cried, “ would that the whole world would
so live and so act! ”
“Truly if it did, wo should have the prisons cleared.
Thoie should be no more throwing away of good lives in
hanging; no more waste of stout fellows nnd lusty wenches
by fever and smallpox. All should go to the plantations—
all. Now, Madam, to our business, which is the advantage of
these young gentlemen. Know, therefore, that Mr. Jerome
Xipho, with all those who have received presents of prisoners,
straightway sells them to persons who engage to transport
them across the seas to his Majesty's plantations in Jamaica,
Virginia, or elsewhere. There they are bound to work for a
certain term of years. Call it not work, however,” he added,
quickly; “say rather that they are invited every day to
exercise themselves in the cotton and the sugar fields. The
climate is delightful; the sky is seldom clouded; there are
never any frosts or snows; it is always summer; the fruits are
delicious ; they have a kind of spirit distilled from the sugar-
canes which is said to he finer and more wholesome than the
best Nnntz; the food is palatable nnd plentiful, though plain.
The masters or employers (call them rather friends) are gen¬
tlemen of the highest humanity, and the society is composed
of sober merchant*, wealthy' planters, and gentlemen, like
your brother, who have had the misfortune to differ in opinions
from the Government,”
“Why, Sir,” I said, “I have always understood that the
transported prisoners are treated with the greatest inhumanity;
forced to work in heat such a. we never experience, driven with
the lash, and half starved, so that none ever come back.”
He shook his head gently. "Sie now,” he said, “how
prejudices arise! Who could have thought that the planta¬
tions should be thus regarded ? ’Tis true that there are estates
cultivated by convicts of another kind -1 mean robbers, high¬
waymen, petty thieves, and the like. Bristol doth every year
send away a'shipload at least of such. Nay ; ’tis reported
that rather than hang murderers nnd the like the Bristol mer¬
chants buy them of the magistrates: but this is out of the
kindness of their hearts. Madam,” he thrust his hand into
his bosom and looked me in the face, “ I myself am sometimes
engaged in that trade. I myself buy these unhappy prisoners
nnd send them to estates where, I know, they will be treated
with the greatest kindness. Do I look like a dishonest man,
Madam ? As for my name it is George Penile, and I am known
to every man of credit in Bristol. Do I talk like one who would
make money out of Ids neighbours’ sufferings? Xay, if that
is so, let us pnrt at once and say no more. Madam, your
humid! servant-no harm is done: your humble servant,
Madam." He put bis hut under his arm, and made as if he
would go: but I begged him to remain, nud to ndvise me
further in the matter.
Thou I asked him if transported persons ever came home
again.
“Surely,” he replied, “some of them come home laden
with gold. Some, possessed of places both of honour and of
profit, who return to visit tlieir friends, and then go biu-k to
the new country. It is a very Eldorado, or land of gold, to
those who are willing to work ; nnd for those who have money
and choose to buy exemption from work, it is only an agree -
able residence in cheerful society for a certain term of years.
Have you, by chance. Madam, any friends who can influence
Mr. Jerome Xipho?”
“ No, Sir: I have none.”
“Then will I myself communicate with that gentlemen.
Understand, Madam, that 1 shall have to pay him so much a
head for every piismer; that I shall be engaged to place
every limn on board ship; that the prisoners will then be
taken across the seas and again sold. But in the case of those
who have money, a ransom can be procured, by means of
which they will not have to work.”
So far, lie had spoken in the belief that I was at Tmintou
on my brother’s business, or that of my friends. I told him,
therefore, that certain events had occurred which would pre¬
vent me from seeing the prisoners at Exeter. And because I
could not forbear from weeping while I spoke, he very earnestly
begged me to inform him fully in every particular as to my
history, adding that his benevolence was not confined to the
unhappy case of prisoners, but that it was ready to be ex¬
tended in any other direction that happy chance might offer.
Therefore, being, as you have seen, so friendless and so
ignorant, and so fearful of falling into my husband’s hands,
and, at tile same time, so grateful to this good man for bis
kindly offers (indeed, I took liim for an instrument provided
bv Heaven for tile safety promised in my Vision of the night)
that I told him everything exactly, concealing nothing. Xay,
I even told him of the bag of gold which I had tied round my
waist -a thing which I had hitherto concealed, because the
money was not mine, but Barnaby’s. But I told it to Mr.
1’enne.
While I relnted my history he interrupted me by frequent
ejaculations, showing his abhorrence of the wickedness with
which Bcnjnmin compassed his design, and when I finished, lie
lu-ld up his hands in amazement.
“GoodGod!” hecried. “ That such a wretch should live
That he should be allowed still to cumber the earth ! AVhat
punishment wi iv fitting for this devil in tiie shape of man ?
Madam, your case is, indeed, one that would move the heart of
Nero himself. Wlmt is to be done? ”
"Xay—that I know not. For if I go back to our village
It • will find me there; and if I find out some hiding-place he
will seek me out and find me; I shall never know rest or peace
again. For of one thing am I resolved—I will die—yea—I will,
indeed, die—before I will become his wife more than I am at
present.”
“ T cannot but commend that resolution, Madam. But, to
be plain with you, there is no place in the world more unsafe
for you than Tamlon at this time. Therefore, if you please,
I will ride with you to Bristol without delay.”
“Kir, I cannot nsk this sacrifice of your business.”
“My business lies at Bristol. I can do no nim-e here
until Judge Jeffreys hath got through liis hangings, of
which I fear there limy be many, and so more sinful wnstc of
good convicts. Let us, therefore, hasten uwuy us quickly as
may be; as for what shall be done afterwards, that we will
consider ou the way.”
Did ever a woman in misfortune meet with so good a mall ?
The Samaritan himself was not of better heart.
Well, to be brief, half nu hour afterwards we mounted nnd
rode to Bristol, by way of Bridgwater (this town was even
more melancholy than" Taunton), taking three days; the
weather being now wet and rainy, so that the ways were
bad. Now, as we rode along—Mr. l’enne and I—side by side,
and his servant behind, armed with a blunderbuss, our con¬
versation was grave, turning chiefly on the imprudence of the
people in following Monmouth, when they should have waited
for the gentry to lead the way. I found my companion (whom
I held to be my benefactor) sober in manners and in con¬
versation ; no drunkard: no user of profane oaths ; and towards
me, a woman whom he had (so to say) ill His own powi r, he
behaved always with the greatest ceremony and politeness.
So that I hoped to have found in this gpod man a true
protector.
When we reached Bristol he told me that for my better
safety lie would lodge mo apart from liis own bouse ; nnd so
took'me to a house in Broad-street, near St. John’s Gate,
where there was a most respectable old lady of grave aspect,
though red in the cheeks.
“ I have brought you, Madam,” lie said, “ to the house of
a lady whose virtue and piety are well known.”
“ Sir,” said the old lady, “ this house is well known for the
piety of those who use it. And everybody knows that you are
all goodness.”
“No,” said Mr. Ponne; “no man is good. We can but
try our best. In this house, however, Madam, you will be safe.
1 beg and implore you not at present to stir abroad, for
reasons which you very well know. This good woman has
three or four daughters ill the house, who are sometimes, I
believe, merry”-
“ Sir, said the old lady, “ children will be foolish."
“True—true,” be replied laughing. “Take care, then,
that they molest not Madam.”
“No, Sir; they shall not.”
“ Then, Madam, for the moment I leave you. Best and he
easy in your mind. I have, I think, contrived a plan which
will answer your ease perfectly.”
In the evening he returned and sent me word, very cere¬
moniously, that he desired the favour of a conversation witli
me. As if there could be anything in the world that I desired
more!
“ Madam,” he said, “ I have considered carefully your case,
and I can find but one advice to give.”
“ What is it, Sir ? "
“ We might," he went on, “ find a lodging for you in some
quiet Welsh town across the Channel. At Chepstow, for
instance, or at Newport, yon might find a home for a while.
But. the country being greatly inflamed with dissensions, there
would everywhere be the danger of some fanatical busybody
inquiring into your history—whence you fame, why you left
your friends—and so forth. And, again, in every town there
are women (saving your presence. Madam) whose tongues
tittle-tattle all day long. Short work they make of a stranger.
So that I see not much safety in a small town. Then, again,
you might find a farm-house where they would receive you;
but your case is not that you wish to lie hidden for a time,
ns one implicated in the Monmouth business. Not so; you
desire to be hidden all your life, or for tile whole life of the
man w-ho, if he finds you, may compel you to live with him,
and to live for—how long ? Sixty years, perhaps, in a dull
and dirty farm-house, among rude boors, would be intolerable
to n person of your manners and accomplishments ”
“ Then, Sir, in the name of Heaven”—for I 1 o-on to be
wearied with this lengthy setting up of plans only to pull them
down again,—“ whnt shall I do ? ”
“ You might go to London. At first I thought that
London offered the best hope of safe retreat. There are parts
of London where the gentlemen of the robe are never seen, and
where you might be safe. Thus, about the eastern parts of
the City there arc never any lawyers at all. There you might
be safe. But yet—it would be a perpetual risk. Your face,
Madam, if I may say so, is one which will not be quickly for¬
gotten when it hath once been seen—you would be persecuted
by would- be lovers ; you would go in continual terror, know¬
ing that one you fear was living only a mile away from you.
Y'ou would have to make up some story, to. maintain which
would be troublesome; and presently the time would come
when you would have no more money. AVhat, then, would
you do?”
“Pray, Sir, if you can, toll me what you think I should do,
since there are so many tilings that I cannot do.”
“ Madam, I am going to submit to you a plan which seems
to me at once the safest and the best. You have, you tell me,
cousins in the town of Boston, which is in New England.”
“ Yes. I have heard my father speak of his cousins.”
‘ 1 1 have myself visited that place, and have beard mention
of certain Eykins ns gentlemen of substance and reputation.
I propose, Madam, that you should go to these cousins, and
seek a home among them.”
“ Leave England ? You would have me leave this country
and go across the ocean to America ? ”
“ That is my advice. Nay, Madam”—he assumed a most
serious manner—“ do not reject this ndvice suddenly; sleep
upon it. You are not going among strangers, but among
your own people, by whom the name of your pious and
learned father is doubtless held in great honour. You are
going from a life (at best) of danger and continual care to a
place where you will be certainly free from persecution.
Madam, sleep upon it.”
(To be continued.)
Mrs. A. M. Herbert has borne the entire cost of rebuilding
the church at Upper Helmsley, Yorkshire, and has placed a
set of bells in the tower os a memento of the Queen's Jubilee.
Lord Aveland, in reply to a request from the labourers of
Edenham. Lincolnshire, has granted them 25-acre allotments,
at a rental of 25s. an acre, including rates.
The scholarships offered by the Council of Newnhom College
for competition in the Cambridge Higher Local Examination,
held in June last, have been awarded ns follows :—The Wink-
worth Scholarship, to Miss Windsor, Manchester High School;
the Goldsmiths’ Scholarship, to Miss M’Aulay, Scarborough ;
the Clothworkers' Scholarship, to Miss Hall, Blackburn ; the
Drapers' Scholarship, to Miss Reddan, Notting-hill High
School j and the Cobden Scholarship, to Miss Latter, Downham
Market. Scholarships have also been awarded to Miss Tabor,
Newnham College, and to Miss Vernon, Manchester High
School.
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C-A-LElsriDAi-I^ POE- ItTO'VIEnVIIIBIEIR,.
OCT.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
4S7
isss
THE LEEDS FIXE A TIT GALLERY.
The new Fine Art Gallbry erected by the Municipal Corpor¬
ation of Leeds was opened by the Mayor of that great manu¬
facturing town, Alderman Searr, on Wednesday, Oct. 8, an
event upon which the townspeople may be fairly congratulated.
This addition to their flourishing public institutions has been
the work, during two years past, of a special committee of the
Town Council, whose zealous and active chairman is Colonel
Harding, while Councillors Ambler and Tweedale have been
useful members. The Free Library, supported by a special
rate, affording a surplus of £$0<J a year, as it was largely
stocked with books. £ UK) a year was to be set apart for interest
on the fund raised to erect an Art Gallery, and there will be
£ 40 U a year for its working expenses; but £ a 171 of the
Queen's Jubilee Fund last year has been devoted to this object.
An Art Exhibition is now opened, the profits of which will
also be applied to the purchase of pictures and sculpture and
other works of art.
We give some Illustrations, from photographs by Mr. T. D.
Nettleton, of the interior of tho Art Gallery, which forms part
of the Leeds " Municipal Buildings," adjacent to the Townliall,
with their principal front in Calverley-street. The main
block of those buildings, constructed between 1878 mid 1SS),
in the Italian Renaissance style, from designs by Mr. George
Corson, architect, of Leeds, contains mnst of the administrative
offices of the town, and the central library, reading-room, and
news-room. The library, for reference and lending, consists
already of forty thousand volumes. The former reading-room,
a noble apartment on the ground-floor, is now converted into
a sculpture gallery, and an additional building, of which the
architect is Mr. W. II. Thorp, of Albion-street, Leeds, has been
erected at a cost not much exceeding £9000. This is entered
from the sculpture gallery, which is 80 ft. long and 40 ft. wide,
divided into nave and aisles by an arcade of six arches, resting
on twelve pillars of polished granite, the ceiling decorated
with coloured mosaic, and the walls covered with embossed
diaper tiles of a greyish-green tint. Having windows only on
the south side, it is proposed to use the electric light to show
the sculpture in this gallery. The first apartment of the
new building is the Queen's Room, a beautiful rectangular
apartment with arches crossing its corners, which give the roof
an octagonal character, with coved ceiling and lantern, and
with clerestory lights through arcades with classic moulded
pilasters ; it has a fine frieze, designed by Mr. Thorp, and carried
out by Mr. J. W. Appleyard, with panels bearing the names of
Hogarth. Reynolds. Gainsborough, and Turner, Past Grand
Masters of the English school of painting. All the new rooms
funning the Art Gallery are lighted from the roof, and their
walls are coloured in maroon, of dead texture, which shows off
the pictures and their gilt frames to the best effect, and which
contrasts agreeably with the ivory white of the ceilings and
lanterns. Most of the pictures will be placed on the walls of
the four fine rooms on the upper floor. This is reached by a
nohlo double staircase, at the bottom of which rise two Ionic
pillars where the inner balustrades commence, and two massive
Doric pillars aiding to support the upper staircase and the
lantern above. The Central C'onrt, lighted from the roof, is
sarroanded with a lofty Doric arcade, with low segmental
arches ; and this arcade is used as a museum, except one
portion screened off as a new reading-room. On the upper
walls of the Central Court are studies for mosaics, from the
old masters; in the centre is a pretty fountain of Bitrtnantof ts
faience, with a pleasing collection of plants. Mr. George
Birkett is curator of the Art Gallery.
The opening ceremony was attended by the Marquis of
Ripon, the Bishop of Ripon, Mr. W. Beckett, M.P.. Mr. J.
Barren, M.P.. Sir Edward Baines, Sir Philip Cunliffe Owen,
Director of the South Kensington Museum, and the eminent
artist. Profeiwor llerkomer, founder of the School of Art at
Bnshey, near Watford ; besides the Lord Mayor of York and
the Mayors of thirteen other towns in Yorkshire.
There has been an extension of the Homes for Working
Girl* in Queen’s-road, Bayswater, which were founded ten
year* ago.
The Duchess of Westminster, on Oct. 17. presented the
prizes at the annual exhibition of tho Cheshire Dairy
Association, and also distributed the certificates awarded to
the pupils of the Cheshire Dairy Institute.
....
■t. 3. Vestibule an I Staircase. 4. North Room. «. Ai-rule In Central Court, with Fountain.
MUNICIPAL ART GALLERY AND MUSEUM, LEEDS.
the CARPET MARKET AT CAIRO.
The part of Cairo which most completely retains it* oM
characteristics as a Moslem city—Asiatic rather than African
characteristics—and which <1 1 tiers greatly in the aspect of its
buildings ami inhabitant* from the modern half-European
quarter—is situated towards the eastern wall, between tho
gate called the Bab-el-Fntuh and the citadel, a mile or two
from the banks of tho Nile. Here is a line of si reets. called
in different parts the Sonk-el-Nasin, or Coppersmiths' Bazaar,
the Ghoriyeh. and the Snkkariyeh, or Sugar Market, crossed
by another, the Muskye, with numerous by streets, alleys, and
courts, many of which are occupied by particular classes of
tradesmen. The Gemaliyeh, which is the north - eastern
tfl "’hnlesale commerce, .ami the great Klian-
el-Mialily, where the Red Sea trade is accommodated, occupy
a good deal of space ; there is also a separate market for goods
from the Soudan, bnt this trade has of late rears been much
diminished. The principal kinds of retail shopkeeping find
taotr allotted places in markets composed oF narrow
anes or alleys, where on the ground - floor of almost
r'y house, with its large arched door way of massive
tone, the front apartment is a shop, open all day. hut closed
uy heavy wooden doors at night, and without any shop-
inuows. Divans and benches at the entrance.and within the
* °P’ customers to lounge there, and to inspect the
gomis offered for sale. Such is the carpet-shop, of which our
Artist made a sketch, where two European ladies and a gentle-
an who can speak Arabic, while their dragoman stands aside,
and the ladies' female attendant sits closely veiled behind
tnem, are examining a carpet held np for them to see, and are
turning to the shrewd-looking bearded an 1 turbaned master
of the shop, ns he explains to them bis reasons for asking a
very moderate price. The progress of their bargaining is
attentively watched by the dealer's friends waiting outside,
who may even presume to put iu a word in his favour, and
may expect their reward in the event of his concluding a
profitable sale. It is much the same in the armourers' bazaar,
where fine sc i tin * tars ami silver-mounted pistols, or muskets
with inlaid ivory ornamental stocks, and other weapons of a
decorative style, nre to he purchased by curious collectors;
also in the street of silversmiths nml jewellers, in the bnzaarof
booksellers and collectors of manuscripts, and among the shops
and stalls of other branches of trade.
The Duchess of Albany has become a patroness of the
Bethnal-green Free Library.
A portrait of the late Sir Barrow Ellis has been unveiled in
the Council Hoorn of Jews* College, Taviatock-sqnare, of which
institution he had been chairman nntil his death last year.
Mr. Corncy Grain has produced yet another of the musical
sketches which have for so long formed tho most attractive
portion of the programme at St. George’s Hall. Tho subject
of Mr. Grain's new sketch is ** John Boll Abroad"—a fitting
sequel to its predecessor. ** Mossoo in London.” In ‘’John
Bnll Abroad" Mr. Grain describes, in his own quaintly
unctuous way, his impressions and experiences daring a visit
to the Italian lakes, keeping his audience in a simmer of
laughter throughout. Mr. Grain’s portion of the evening's
entertainment is preceded by Mr. Watson’s familiar comic
operetta -Tally-Ho,” in which Mr. Alfred German Reed,
snpportcd by his well • known company, is as thoroughly
amusing as ever.
EARLY NAVIGATORS.
The sailing of a toy boat on any pond is a fascinating employ¬
ment for youngsters. There is a mvstery in the uncertain
movements of the diminutive vessel between two elements
the air and the water, of which their unscientific minds have
the vaguest notions ; and. ns they are ignorant both of the art
of setting the sails and that of adjusting the rodder, not the
slightest idea of controlling tho course of the voyage, after
giving one push at the moment of launching, can possibly he
entertained. A child has indeed been observed, in frantic
anxiety, blowing with all the force of his small lungs to send
a favourable gale to his ship ten yards off the shore ; and wo
have seen a boy throwing stones to assist the progress of his
boat, which thereupon reeled in the eddy caused by the sink¬
ing pebble, turned round, and presently came home on a
different tack. Where all sides of the poiid arc easily access¬
ible. and there are no weeds, the children may feel tolerably
sure of welcoming the return of their adventurous craft to
land, in one direction or another ; and they are qnite indif¬
ferent to the chance of a port, having no cargo of merchandise
or mails and passengers to deliver. This interesting play does
not always meet with parental approval, and we should scarcely
be inclined to permit itt on deep water, in the absence of older
persons whose prndcnce and vigilance can be trusted. Bnt
there are many shallow ponds, with low shores, where it can
be safely practised, and wet feet may be the only real danger.
Tho fish condemned daring September at and near Billings¬
gate Market, and on board boats lying off that place, amounted
to 59 tons 10 cwt. The weight of fish delivered at that market
daring the month was 13,308 tong.
tTHE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Opt. 27, 1888.— 488
TILE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 27, 1888 — 489
ENGLISH
HOMES.—No. XVI. COBHAM HALL.
IJpifl
1. The Entrance-tiatc. S. The Entrance, Shle View. 3. The Right Wing, from the Private Garden*.
490
OCT. 27. 188S
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
ENGLISH
No. XVI.
'<$> 0 Hut m
homes.
i a 1I.
&
I N the north-western part of Kent—about half-way between
the carious old town of Gravesend, with its houses
slipping downhill into the river, and the immense mass
of dingy brick-and-mortar known as Chatham, Rochester,
and Stroud—stands Cobham Hall, the famous scat of an
ancient Kentish family.
The great houses of Kent are interesting in their nnlike-
ness. l’enshurst is a castle still, with its mighty hall five
centuries old ; Knole is a congeries of countless picturesque old
rooms ; the family histories of both have their flavour of
romance, are studded with famous or notorious names. Cobham
wears its antiquity with a difference. The house is great and
stately, but its main interest is to be found in its galleries of
wonderful pictures. The history is that of an important
English family—not of the very highest fame, like the
Stanleys or the Cecils—but of a substantial influence, the
leader'of its county, sending every generation or so a great
statesman to help to lead the nation : a family which held its
place, estates and honours descending without a break from
father to child, for some four hundred years.
Such a history, of a line unbroken from the days of John
till those of James II., has a completeness, a continuity perhaps
unrivalled ; and they were sturdy English nobles, the Lords of
Cobham — warriors and statesmen, living long and living
vigorously, marrying their three or five times, leaving their
families of fourteen or so, ruling thoir neighbours and adding
to their lands. We have the records of their rise, of their long
anil on the whole little varied prosperity, of their decline
and somewhat swift extinction. In Holinshed and many
other of our old hooks of history, their doings are told ; and, in
the village that bears their name, the most complete and re¬
markable series of brasses to be found in England preserves
for all churchgoers their features and their dates.
The family seems to have taken its name from the village,
where in the twelfth century Serlo de Cobham held some
property. His son Henry—said to have been one of the
Crusaders who fought in the siege of Acre in 1131—obtained a
grant of the manors of Cobham and Shorne from a Norman
soldier known as William, Knight of the Four Seas
(“ Quatremere”). Henry was Lieutenant of Dover Castle, and
died in the year 1225, leaving—as in the good old stories of “ once
upon a time" people always did—three sons to succeed him :
John, known as the Elder, Henry " of Roundall" (in Shorne),
and Reginald or Rcinold “ of Allington ” ; for the eldest son
very properly made a division of the estates with his brothers.
John reigned in Cobham for a full quarter of a century,
apparently a prosperous gentleman—old records show him to
have been Keeper of Rochester Castle, Sheriff of Kent, a
Justice Itinerant (as wore his two brothers), and a Justice of
the Common Pleas ; and moreover he added to his estates the
manors of Cowling and West Chalk. He was twice married,
and, like his father, left three sons.
John “ the Younger" succeeded his father, and soon took a
leading part in county politics. From 1258 to 1201 he was
Sheriff of Kent; and in 1264 he aided Simon De Montfort at
the siege of Rochester in the Barons’ War. As one often sees
in the history of the Cobhams, there was little rancour in
these English civil wars. Within three years of this (un-
successful) siege, the King had made his defeated opponent
one of his Justices, both Itinerant and of the Common Pleas;
and the next Monarch, Edward L, not only made him a
Scrjeant-at-Law, and, a little later, a Baron of the Exchequer,
but, actually appointed him, for life. Constable of that very
Rochester Castle which he had tried to take from Henry III.—
and which his executors, oddly enough, objected to deliver up
to the Bishop of London. It is interesting to note that his
yearly allowance for his expenses as Jnstice Itinerant was £40 ;
and that the sturdy old gentleman marched to Scotland
with the King against William Wallace when he was close
upon his seventieth year. The army had, however, to return
to England for want of provisions ; and it is very likely that
the hardships of the war hastened John de Cobham's end.
nis eldest son and successor, Henry "the Younger” (so
called to distinguish him from his father's brother, Henry "le
Uncle,” of Roundall) also fonght in Scotland: and was
knighted, with three others of the family, at the siege of
Carlnveroek. Henry was forty years old when his father
died ; he was tho eldest son by that first wife. Joan de Septvans.
whose memory is perpetuated by the earliest “ brass " in the
chanoel of Cobham Church. Its inscription runs thus, iu its
old rhyming French
OAME JONE DE KOBEHAM GIST ISI
DEVS DE SA ALME EIT MERCI
Kl KE PVR LE ALME PRIERA
QVARANTE JOVRS DE PARDOVN AVERA.
“ For her soul whoever prays, Shall have pardon forty days "—
a common promise of indulgence at that time.
This Henry the Younger was the first to bear the title of
Lord of Cobham, by which he was summoned to Parliament
in 1313; he became one of the most noted of hie house, in
his long and busy life of seventy-nine years. Constable (like
his father and his son) of the castle and city of Rochester,
Constable of Dover and Canterbury Castles, Governor of the
castle and honour of Tunbridge, Warden of the Cinque Ports,
" Guardian of all tbe lands forfeited by the King's enemies in
Kent, Surrey, and Sussex," he hod many duties and many
prisoners to look after. The most famous of the latter was
Queen Elizabeth of Scotland, wife of Robert Bruce, and
ancestress of those Lords of Darnley who, eenturiCB later, cams
to bear rule at Cobham.
When the famous Order of the Templars was prosecuted
and dissolved, Henry Lord Cobham was appointed custodian
of their lands in Surrey and Sussex. He was a Justice, tco.
and a tried soldier; summoned to take his part against the
Scotch; to raise troops and march to join the King against tho
Earl of Lancaster, at Coventry ; to lead tbe Kentish detach¬
ment in a projected war with France ; and, later, to block the
shores of the Thames to prevent a landing of the French.
He died in 1339, at Stoke-under-Hamden, in Somerset.
John, his eldest son and the next Baron, had already—eeven-
and-twenty years before—served as a Knight of the Shire. In
those practical days, a member of Parliament was not expected
to serve his country for nothing, and John received £26 16s.
for his expenses in attending tbe House for sixty-seven days.
Like his forbears, John the third was a distinguished man
in his way—which was not so mnch the way of law, like that
of John the second, nor of the keeping of castles, like the
second Henry’s, bat a naval way : he was indeed Admiral of
the King’s fleetfrom the month of the Thames westward ”—
a title which to our ears savours somewhat of burlesque.
He was a brave soldier, too—made a Knight-banneret for
service in the field—and a gentleman of great hospitality, if we
may judge from the expression, cert ays viandour (shall we say
“ courteous dinner-giver ” !) on the brass, in some respects
unique, which preserves his memory. The wayfarer in Cobham
Church is asked to pray for the soul of the good Knight who
“ overcame his last enemies ” on the morrow of St. Matthew,
1354 :—
Veils qo passes Jev entonr
Prior, pur lolmo le enrtays vinnrtonr
Qe Johan (le Cublmm nuolt n noun
Ploux lny face uerray pnrdonn
Qc trcnum lendenmvn de sclnt Mathl
I.c pufsaunt otrle a demurer one [)„
Kn lan <!«] grace Mil C C C t qalro
Ces meads mortals fist abatre.
Next comes John, third Baron, and last of this line ; the
best remembered of the Cobhams. “ John the Founder ’’ he
was called, because he founded that ancient and picturesque
college which, in the pretty village of Cobham, is still
the most interesting thing, as it stands back behind the
church, with its curious high chimneys, dull-red roof, and ivy-
covered walls, yellow-grey with extreme old age. It is not a
college now, but a hospital, whose ancient pensioners have
something of the weather-worn look of those crumbling walla
which shelter them.
Cobham Church was greatly rebuilt and adorned by this
“ pious Founder ” : who, moreover, built Cowling Castle, not
far off, "for the defence of the country,” and joined with
Sir Robert Knollys in the construction of Rochester Bridge.
A liberal-minded, patriotic, and a brave and independent man ;
too upright to hope for the favour of Kings. Gower, the poet
(one of whose executors he was), described him, in the
jingling Latin verse of the day :—
Unus crat dignus, patlens, plus alquo benlgnus,
Provldcns, et Justus, morum vlrtutl rnbnstus
Non erat obliques, regul sod vorus amicus
Hunc rox odlvlt, In quo bona talla solvit
Ut dlcnnt mine, ilomlnus Cobham (ult illc.
Daring a life of, at all events, over four score and ten
years—for he died at least seventy-four years after his
marriage—he was constantly employed for the good of his
country. Indeed, for many years he seems to have spent most
of his time in France, either as a warrior or as a Commissioner
to treat for peace. In the very year in which he succeeded his
father, 1355, it seems most likely that he was in France (where
a very energetic little war waB just going on), since we find
him paying his wife’s father-in-law. Hugh, Earl of Devonshire,
£15 fis. 8d. for her board and lodging for a year. Such pay¬
ment hardly tallies with ourideas of theold English hospitality
of a princely family in those days ; but there is the Earl's
receipt, in antiquated French, for “ quynste liures sys south, V
oyct deniers pur le soiourn. ft aultres necessaries Margaret, de
Cubcham n're fyllc sa campaigns” (” our daughter, his wife ”).
That same year he was summoned to Parliament as Baron
of Cobham, and four years later made one of the brilliant army
whose successful expedition into France, under Edward. Ilf.
himself, was terminated the following autumn by the Treaty
of Bretigny. By this treaty King John of France, at that time
oar prisoner, was allowed to return home, the Dukes of Orleans,
Anjou, Berry, and Bourbon becoming hostages; but in 1363
the Duke of Anjou and others broke their knightly parole—
another shock to the reader who had faith iu those chivalrous
days—Lord Cobham was sent to Calais as our King’s repre¬
sentative, and King John had to return to his captivity.
Fighting in France and Scotland—and bravely, for he was
made a banneret—defending our coasts against the French,
and oftentimes an Ambassador to France, Sir John of
Cobham passed many years of an active and honoured life. He
was a much-trusted public servant; was placed on Committees
“ to inquire into the expenses of the King's household.” “ to
investigate tbe complaints of piracy on the high seas,” and
many others ; and was appointed to confer with tho Commons
on the grant of the franchise and the manumission of villeins.
So far. so good. Bnt in the tenth year of the reign of the
foolish young King, Richard II., he was chosen as one of the
fourteen Lords, 11 Governors of the Realm,” to inquire into
the abuses which, later on, made possible the rebellion of
Henry Bolingbrokc. In 1388, the Commons impeached the
King’s Chancellor, the Archbishop of York, De Vere, “ Duke of
Ireland,” and others ; and t.he venerable John de Cobham was
one of the Lords Appellants. On the day fixed for their meet¬
ing, however—as Mr. Waller tells us in has very fall account of
"The Lords of Cobham”("ArehrcolograCantiana, vol.xi.V-.
"an armed ambuscade was placed at tho mews under the
command of Nicholas Brembre, Lord Mayor of London to
waylay then, on (heir route to Westminster. Being duly
warned, they avoided the snare, and then demanded a safe-
conduct under the King's own hand.”
Whan the time came, it appeared that the Lords Appellants
had a very comprehensive idea of their duties, and no inten¬
tion to shrink from carrying them out. None of the accused
put in an appearance ; but the Barons declared at length their
charges against them, and dung their gloves, as gages of their
readiness to support these charges in person against the
defendants, upon the floor of the House, before the King.
Meanwhile, one of tho accused. Sir Robert Tresillian, was
arrested, in disguise, within the Abbey precincts, and brought
before the Lords. He was by no means loth to decide the
matter in single combat; but—despite the aforesaid bravery
of his judges—this was not allowed. Both he and Sir Nicholas
Brembre were drawn on hurdles to Tyburn and executed.
But when the King for a while got the upper hand again—
by tampering with the elections, it is said—he lost no time in
taking his revenge upon those subjects who had made him
submit to such humiliation. Even the walls of a monastery
did not protect the good Lord Cobham. Though he bad taken
refuge with the Carthusians, and renounced the world, he was
dragged forth, sent to the Tower, tried, and doomed to death :
the statesman of eighty was to be hanged, drawn, and quartered,
and his estates confiscated to the Crown. Bnt even Richard
did not dare to carry ont this sentence. Lord Cobham was
banished to Jersey, and there remained till Henry Bolingbroke
overthrew the King, against whom one of the heaviest charges
was his treatment of the 41 Lords Appellants.” The last public
act of John the Founder’s life was the signing of the entail of
the Crown upon the sons of Henry IV.
The great statesman of Cobham left no child to succeed him.
His daughter Joan, who was married to Sir John de la Pole,
died some twenty years before her father; and as she again
left no male heir, her daughter inherited the estate—a second
Joan, whose husbands were, for their time, the Lords of
Cobham.
I say husbands, for she had five. They were all Knights—
Sir Robert, Sir Reginald, Sir Nicholas, Sir John, and again Sir
John. Sir Robert Hemenhale, of a good Norfolk house,
married her when she was quite a girl. There was one child,
a boy, who died in infancy ; and Sir Robert went to rest in
Westminster Abbey in 1391. Joan was still under age when
she married Sir Reginald Braybrooke, a man of distinguished
family ; and this union lasted for about a dozen years. Sir
Reginald fought in Ireland in 1399, and died abroad, in Hol¬
land, in 1405. There were two sons and a daughter of this
marriage ; but it is curious how about this time there was
fated to be no male heir to Cobham. Though the Lady Joan
had (as appears by her brass in the church) ten children in
all—only the last marriage being childless—yet one girl alone
survived her parents ; and Joan the grand-daughter, like Joan
the daughter and Joan the mother, was heiress to the lands of
Cobham.
Not more than a year after Sir Reginald Braybrooke's
death his widow wedded one Sir Nicholas Hawberk, of whom
little is known but that be was of no great family, but was a
proper man of his hands, overthrowing, “ horse and man,” one
Cookebome, Esquire, of Scotland, in the jousts at Smithfield,
in 1393. He was a widower when he married Joan. She was
a widow again in a year or little more.
Three months after the death of Sir Nicholas, “John the
Founder” died, and the thrice-wedded Joan succeeded him as
ruler at Cobham. So wealthy a lady as she had now become
was not likely to remain unwooed ; and in about a year she
married the most famous of her husbands—Sir John Oldcastle,
whom some historians make a hero, and others the prototype
of Falstaff. This latter charge, however, Shakspeare distinctly
denies—“ Oldcastle died a martyr, and this is not the man ”—
and there seems no reason that we should not take the highest
estimate of his character.
That he was a brave warrior there is no question ; and his
attitude as a protector of Lollards is little likely to do him
harm in these days. In his own, however, it brought him to
death. He was tried for heresy, excommunicated—which
involved all the consequences of the more modern boycotting—
and sent to the Tower. Hence, however, he escaped, and fled
to Wales. A thousand marks were offered for his capture,
dead or alive ; he eluded pursuit for four years ; but was then
taken (grievously wounded), again condemned for heresy, and—
on Christmas Day, 1417, in the presence of an immense crowd
of orthodox holiday-makers—drawn on a hurdle through the
city, and. in the new place of execution, at the gate of
St. Giles’s Hospital, “ hung, and burnt hanging.”
Joan’s fifth husband—Sir John Harpenden. of tbe old Hert¬
fordshire family—distinguished himself chiefly by outliving
his wife four and twenty years. Joan was, indeed, despite
her many marriages,
by no means a very
old woman when, in
1354, she died : as far
as one can make out,
only about sixty or
sixty-one. The b
tiful bri
to her
memory gives her a
somewhat stately
figure; its inscription,
curiously enough,
only describes her as
the 4 * wife of Sir Regi¬
nald Rraybrooke.”
Joan the tbiril
married a Somerset¬
shire gentleman.
Thomas Brooke, who
was in Parliament as
Knight of the Shire
for Dorset, and after¬
wards for Somerset,
and who received tho
dignity of knighthood
about 1420. He died
before the Lady Joan,
leaving a family of
fourteen children;
and his eldest son,
Edward, was sum¬
moned to Parliament
by tbe title of Lord
Cobham—which had
ENTRANCE-DOOll, 1C70.
RH.... been in abeyance for thirty-two
years, since the time of Oldcastle. Sir Edward fought in the
wars of the Roses and on the winning side—for though ho
married the daughter of the Lancastrian Lord Audley, he was
a trusted friend of Richard, Duke of York, and (with John
Bogenhall) commanded the Kentish forces in. the battle of
Northampton.
His son John, the next Baron, led the Royal forces to
victory at the battle of Blackheath—which peaceful suburb is
OCT. 27, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
491
yhardly to be imagined ns a battlefield—and the commander us to the Large Dining-Room, where hang some of the finest library Bhonld be. It ii
is his grandfather, the Lord Audtey jnst portraits
named, who was captured and afterwards beheaded. Yet The room is fine, quiet, simply furnished ; with woodwork and comforting ;'and the colouring is warm and (shall I say ?')
when Henry of Lancaster came to the throne Lord Cobham of a soft brown, a brown ceiling fretted with gold, and much British, dotted and broken up into spaces of red, and green,
seems to have had no groat difficulty iu obtaining his friend- brightness of white marble—a statue at the end of the room, and brown, and cream-colour, glimmering with mirrors, with
ship and his confidence, for the King employed him as an marble arches, a kind of marble fountain by the long, small- family portraits looking down from the walls. Lord Darnley’s
Ambassador to Flanders. paned window, and (over the blazing fire of logs, piled on the grandfather—a good picture by Phillips—hangs in state above
The sixth Baron, Thomas, son of John, was a distinguished massive firedogs) a high ohimneypiece, of marbles, black and the qnnint china on the chimneypiece ; and there are two pretty
soldier, and high in favour with Henry YIII. We find him white. This reaches to the ceiling, and in its midst stands up pictures of the Queen,as a childnnd a young woman, by Fowler,
attending the King at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, and a statue of Pomona—white against a black background—with Yet the famons rooms at Cobham—famous for their priee-
rery pretty room—or pair of r
rather, divided by little pillars, with two fireplaces, cheery
ike Kin.
J 8 ’ brontii
I 1 to decide ft,
oresid braea,
“d&iryicWi
3 executed.
eiiumliguiK
el<*t no timet,
ltd nude tio
of a monastaj
fHe had taken
ke world, ke
waned to deni-
’U.andquartered
“t even Sicbmd
ori Cobham wu
enry Bolingbmke
hearint (harp
1 The list putii,
g of the entail <d
d to succeed him
John de la Pole
and is she spit
> estate-a second
ne, the Lmds rf
ere all Knights—
hn. and agnia Sit
i it or folk hws,
ercTOonechiti,
: went to rest ii
under age At
ci distinguished
dozen years. St
1 abroad, in Hd.
daughter of this
is time there si*
gh the lad; Jan
during the visit of the Emperor Charles V. to
England ; he was one of the twelve Barons who
tried the unhappy Duke of Buckingham ; and
was a Commissioner for the levying of taxes in
the county of Kent. These taxes were both
illegal and oppressive—four shillings in the ponnd
for the clergy, three - and - fourpence for the
laity—and Lord Cobham’s action shows that he,
like the rest of the waning nobility, had lost,
under the Tndors, the old sturdy independence
of the great Barons.
His eldest son died in his lifetime, and the
second, George, became his heir. George was
made a Knight of the Garter by Henry VIII.,
and was the Lord Deputy of Calais. He was cast
into prison by Mary, on suspicion of sharing the
rebellion of Wyatt; thongh he had opposed
Wyatt’s entrance to his castle of Cowling.
With the next Baron, William, the fortunes
of the House of Cobham stood high, before their
final fall. He was a favourite of Elizabeth, and
during a Royal progress in Kent entertained her
at Cobham—where is a room called by her name,
perhaps on no very high authority. He was
employed os an ambassador, was made Knight
of the Garter and a member of the Privy Council,
and, like so many of his family, was Warden of
the Cinque Ports, and Governor of Dover Castle.
He endowed a new College on the site of that
built by John the Founder, and died in 1596.
To him succeeded the weakest and worst of
the Cobhams : Henry Brooke, whose confession—■
of a conspiracy against the Cecils—mined the
noble Raleigh. For this confession Henry re¬
ceived a pardon; but, with a characteristic
mealiness of cruelty. James I. had the three
Lords—Cobham, Markham, and Grey—who were
doomed to death, actually brought to the block
and shrived by the priest before their pardon
was announced.
All Lord Cobham's possessions were seized by
the King, and he was himself confined to the
Tower "daring his Majesty's pleasure." "The
miserable man was almost starved.’’ says Weldon,
“ had nota trencher-scraper, some time his servant
at Court, relieved him with scraps ! ’’
He died in 1619, without issue. His brother,
George Brooke, succeeded, was beheaded as a cons
left a son who was made a Knight of the Bath ; b
line became extinct in 1651. with the death of Sir .T
made Baron of Cobham in the twentieth year of Cl
So disappeared a great and representative Eng
and the history of the late.r Lords of Cobham n
hriefty told. James II. granted the estates to b
Lodowick Stuart, Duke of Lenox ; from him the,
for some four generations, then passed to a cousi
nrl fourth Earls of Dari
ards some portions, rel
irm to ISIS the third
ley added (or. as re-
uilt-) tlio “Kitchen-
pper part of the H.
of the house was entirely remodelled, and
very greatly improved in comfort and con¬
venience.
The finest view of Cobham Hall is, I think,
from the near end of the great avenue, which
was the ancient and noble approach to it. Here
two sides of the house are seen—the south, long
and lovv, of red brick like all the rest, varied
and broken up with turrets, mullioned windows,
high chimneys, and cnpola-tower, .and overlook¬
ing a little plain with stone-walled ponds and
fountain; and the west front, with its great
open quadrangle—if so Irish a figure may be
admitted—formed by the stately Elizabethan wingt
more Classic centre. The warm red of the walls
against the trim grass and gravel at their feet; it
in the north wing by the great grey Tudor doorway,
less contents — are of course the Picture
Gallery and the Portrait Gallery. From the
* \\\ - p V t aJ» 1 Music-Room one goes to them up the grand
/. hi* staircase—built of stone, cold, white, and broad,
X' the above^re the arms of Lenox, with the
^ %Vl®i f •motto, Ax-ant D'Arnley; and greatgame-pictures
- ’ I'M IS if Hi the long Picture Gallery the ceiling is
S^TII \ i&Mil ) i‘rS painted like the blue sky, but with a red border ;
V-wt 1.1/ £ . vO** and the walls are red. There are four fireplaces,
SkltaJlScl f \y\jn ’ 1 ~ 1$ v ' of which the chief one is magnificently carved
V,—, ^ ti me of S. OtUw J
reminded (by a conscientious steward) of his
5 Ir : ' either upon som newe Chynmey piece, or upon
’ 1 A-" Among the painters at Cobham. the great
■ ' master is Titian: and to some minds his finest
■ C )— " ' jHrra&SI f WBKmmmEl,' - aV j .vl.'i'A'/ If" picture will be the one first seen—a glorious
j /■ . kfijti MB # ' i,(fl. .< 1/ I, portrait of Ariosto. The poet stands, his arms
wearing a plain, grey, heavy dress ; and
iSvil-Z I l M (l( J in the dark voluptuous beauty of his lace one
seems to^read the man’s whole charncri^
^ themost magnificent gallery-pictures in Europe,”
OLD TREE IN the PARK says Mr. F. G. Stephens, in his interesting paper
on the masterpieces at Cobham—is that which
great vases to the right and left; and a curious picture of shows ns Thomyris, Queen of the Massaget®, cauBing the
Moses striking the rock is outlined nn the black marble. head of Cyras to be plunged into avessel of blood. The picture
Among the most interesting portraits arc the Mary Stuart, is ail strength and freshness, with a curious realism in the
painted after her death, the execution shown in the back- faces and figures of the lookers-on.
ground ; the Charles f. of My tens, with a face so noble that A companion-picture, for its strength, is the gloomy and
critics think it must lie someone else; the fourth Duke of splendid " Death of Regulns,” by Salvator Rosa. The unlucky
Lenox (by Vandyke), bis Stand on the head of bis faithful dog; Roman is being vigorously rolled down-hill, and the whole
and the charming "Lady Frances Cole"—a lovely child—by scene is alive with action.
Reynolds, said to be the last picture he finished. Then there are other Titians ; a jolly little Rubens, of
When these, and many more, have been long studied, we Cupids : a curious Carlo Dolei—a picture within a picture, the
may go—in half a dozen steps —to the room which was called inner one being a very large portrait of their founder which
by George IV. the finest he had ever seen. This is the lofty the Virgin is handing down to the Dominicans. And—in that
and brilliant Music-room, all flashing with white marble and room adjoining this Gallery, which is called, on no known
gold tracery, light and rich, after the fashion of Louis Quinze. authority. Queen Elizabeth's — are fonr most curiotts and
l! is thirry-two foor in height, and at its ends are two galleries. valuable allegorical pictures by Paolo Veronese,
upheld ijv yellow pillars of scagliola. Along the balustrade of The Portrait Gallery is a long, low, narrow* corridor of pale
the organ gallery is jusr one lino of roil—a crimson velvet grey-green, overlooking the plain buildings of the great
cushion, there placed at the suggestion of Sir Edwin Landseer servants’ quadrangle ; along its western side one sees the faces
to add colour to the room To the height of one storey the of almost all the greatest men of our history. Here is
walls arc entirely of white veined marble; from the ceiling— Shakspeare, and a very smooth, uninteresting person the
designed hy ftiigo J ones, rich with the arms and monograms, in painter has made him ; while not far off is the presentment of
gob! on white, of Dukes of Lenox—there hangs a round gilded Sir Philip Sidney, hy just as much rougher than one has
chandelier; and over the carved marble mantelpiece is the usually seen him. Locke's troubled, curious face is here ; and
great Vandyke which shows us Lords John and Bernard Dryden, dismal, sleepy, and feminine. Several of the great
Stuart—young •• bucks ” of that day—brave in their blue and men of the period when (as Thackeray says) all the great
men were fat, are shown in their fullest fat¬
ness : the blue-cheeked, half-shaven Steele ; the
plnmp and piglike Swift; the substantial
Bolingbroke ; with, as the necessary exception,
Pope’s thin fretful face. Perhaps the face and
forehead which strike one as the finest in all
the gallery—solid, intellectual, manly—are those
of Betterton, the great actor; and another big,
powerful bead is that of Sir Hugh Myddelton,
who holds a picture of the New River. Royal
people—Mary Stuart, Elizabeth, Catherine of
Russia—there are, of course, in abundance.
Of the private rooms of Cobham I have not
space to speak: of the charming gardens, the
beautiful park, a very few words must be enough.
Not thirty years ago, much of the private
grounds—which, by-the-way, cover fifty-five
acres—was a wilderness, but since that time
they have been laid ont carefully and with taste.
Of the old avenues many have'been cut down,
but the Grand Avenue is still as magnificent a
one as can be seen, with its four parallel rows,
1100 yards in length, of glorious limes.
The gate at the further end of this avenue is
now closed to the public : on which slender
foundation is built the legend that the stately
walk is never used but at the funeral of an
owner of Cobham — a story which Charles
Dickens was not ashamed to tell to Cyrus Field,
who trustfully printed it!
In the private grounds stands the pretty
chalet, given to Dickens by Fechter, in which
the. great novelist wrote most of his later books.
This is a little two-storey building of wood, the
old tree after A storm. npper room being fitted up as a study, with
hangings of the curious pea-green that Dickens
amber satin, shadowed by no foreboding of their early deaths loved. His family asked their father's old neighbour, the Earl
in battle for their King. of Daraley, to place it in his garden.
The room is further brightened, as all such rooms should The park contains 700 acres, and is seven or eight miles
be, with mirrors : and at its western end four windows above round. There are fine sweeps of hill, sometimes bare, some-
and four below look ont towards the lawn. times studded with great trees, standing single and in groups.
Between this Mnsic-Room and the Library comes the There are woods, too, of noble trees, often knee-deep in
Vestibule, a kind of bondoir or snuggery : a quaint and happy bracken : a grand ash. whose gigantic widespread roots tell of
amber satin, shadowed by no foreboding of their early deaths loved. Hisfi
in battle for their King. of Damley, ti
The room is further brightened, as all such rooms should The park
be, with mirrors : and at its western end four windows above round. Ther
work, bnilt by William Lord Cobham of two hundred tons of and four below look ont towards the lawn. times studded with great trees, standing single and in groups,
stone from Caen, and bearing the date 1591, and the inscrip- Between this Mnsic-Room and the Library comes the There are woods, too, of noble trees, often knee-deep in
tion Deo Opt. Max. Vestibule, a kind of bondoir or snuggery ; a quaint and happy bracken : a grand ash, whose gigantic widespread roots tell of
The chief entrance to the honse is rather curiously placed, little place in green and white, divided by an arch and pillars, a century of growth ; immense sturdy oaks, and beautiful
under an archway in a long covered corridor, projecting north- behind which, in the dim background, is a ronnd divan of elms; fine old pollard chestnuts, and many noble ruins of
wards from the middle of the north side (a continuation of Turkish luxuriance. Tall, grey-green vases adorn the little great trees, blown down in recent gales—for there has been
the cross bar of the H, one might say). Passing inwards np chamber : and a French window opens into the great quad- rough work of late years—where the green, broken trunk lies
the long Gothic entrance hall, beneath the arms of Elizabeth, rangle. just where, it is said, was formerly the grand entrance on the ground, and the dry hulk stands desolate,
and by the ancient fireplace, on which is blazoned the coat of to the honse (whence the room’s name of Vestibule). The most famons tree of Cobham is, of course, the great
William Brooke, Lord Cobham, a turning to the right brings Then comes the Library, delightful, homely, cosy, as a chestnut known as the Four Sisters, one of whose stems was
492.—THE ILLUSTRATED LOS** '
ENGLISH HO * 1
HALL, THE SEAT T
COBHAM
r.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
1888
401
OCT. 27,
unfortunately blown down in April. IS.-*7. Of tlii« Lord
Darnley kindly sends the following account:—
“ This venerable relic of sylvan antiquity, although con*
sisting of four distinct stems, had. until closely examined, the
appearance of a single tree. It was probably the second
Spanish chestnut-tree in this country in ftoint of size, the
celebrated Tortworth chestnut being the first. The measure¬
ment of the latter is given by Strutt as being fifty-two feet at
five feet from the ground : that of the Four Sisters, twenty-
nine feet at three feet and thirty-three feet at twelve feet from
the ground.”
By the public path from Rochester—trodden by the im¬
mortal feet of Pickwick and his companions, on their way to
join the disconsolate Tupman at the Cobhara Leather Bottle—
there stands high up, as a landmark, a Mausoleum, which may
In* described as a Greek temple with a pyramid at top. Rumour
says that it has never been used, as there was a difficulty about
its consecration ; and. further, that in it abides a hermit—
indeed, the Earl of Darnley has often received applications for
the post- Need it he said that the rumour is as wrong as usual !
From many points of the park one has a distant glimpse,
across a wide slope of grass, of . the long line of the great
avenue, looking, through the haze of a winter day, like the
dark battalions of an army on the march. Over the hillsides
are dotted the small black and white Shetland cattle, with
their ronghish coats, no two marked alike; among the trees
glance the great herds of deer ; little rabbits dart and dip
about: and the rooks caw. ns they come in their long line over
the great red house, which stands back, half-hidden by the
ancient trees, where the long avenno ends. Edward Rose.
Mrsic.
THE BRISTOL FESTIVAL.
The sixth of these triennial celebrations terminated on Oct. Iff.
The opening performance of “ Elijah ” (already briefly referred
to) included, as principal vocalists, Madame Albani, Miss
Anna Williams, Madame Pntey, Mr. E. Lloyd, and Mr. Santley.
The selection from Gluck's opera “ Iphigcnie en Tauride ”
(given at the evening concert of the same date) was an
interesting example of the noble simplicity of style by which
the composer redeemed the opera stage of his time from the
prevailing Italian frivolities and inanities. Madame Alhani’s
fine delivery of the soprano fiortion was an admirable feature
of the performance. Her coadjutors were Miss M. Ganc. Mr.
W. Mills, and Mr. W. Thomas. As previously said, another
specialty of this programme was Sir Charles Halles artistic
rendering of Schumann's Pianoforte Concerto in A minor. The
concert also comprised interesting vocal and orchestral pieces
that do not call for specific mention.
The morning performances of the other days of the festival
week included Cherubini’s fine fourth Mass (in C), followed
• by Dr. Mackenzie’s dramatic cantata "The Rose of Sharon.”
The principal soloists in the Mass were Madame Albani,
Madame Belle Cole, Mr. E. Lloyd, Mr. C. Banks, and Mr.
Santley, those in the cantata having been Mesdames
Albani and Belle Cole, Mr. Lloyd and Mr. Santley, and Mr.
Worlock. Mendelssohn’s “Walpurgis Night” music (soloists,
Madame Belle Cole, Mr. E. Lloyd, and Mr. Santley) and Sir
Arthur Sullivan’s dramatic cantata “The Golden Legend”
(with Mndaine Albani, Madame Belle Cole, Mr. E. Lloyd,
Mr. Santley. and Mr. W. Thomas as solo vocalists) formed the
morning programme of Oct. 18 ; “The Messiah” having closed
the festival on Oct. 19. The solo vocalists on this last occasion
were Miss Anna Williams, Madame Patey, Mr. E. Lloyd, Mr.
Santley, and Mr. Worlock.
The second of the evening concerts opened with Berlioz’s
dramatic symphony ” Romeo and Juliet”—a work that com¬
prises much beautiful and effective music, together with some
of that eccentricity which colours most of the composer’s
works. The solo vocalists were Madame Belle Cole, Mr. C.
Banks, and Mr. W. Mills. Miscellaneous orchestral and vocal
pieces completed this programme. The last of the evening
concerts—on Oct. 18—comprised some effective orchestral and
vocal performances of pieces too familiar to call for specific
mention. It is much to be regretted that the continued indis¬
position of Madame Trebelli hindered her from fulfilling her
engagement at the Bristol Festival, where she was readily
replaced by Madame Belle Cole.
Sir Charles Halles fine band, with himself as conductor, a
powerful and well-trained chorus, and the eminent solo singers
already named, have combined to realise performances mostly
worthy of the standard classical works of which the pro¬
grammes have chiefly consisted. Mr. Rootliam, as chorus-
master, and Mr. Riseley, as organist, have rendered efficient
services to the festival proceedings.
The opening of the thirty-third series of the Crystal Palace
Saturday afternoon concerts on Oct. 13 was duly recorded by
us. At the second concert of the series, on Oct. 20 , the pro¬
gramme comprised two works, given for the first time here—a
symphony (No. 2) by Herr Goldmark, and a “ Concerto
Roinantiqne ” for violin, by M. Benjamin Godard. The sym¬
phony is a work of a similar class to one by the same com-
entitled " A Country Wedding,” that has been given at
the!*.* concerts and elsewhere with much success. The second
symphony contains much effective writing, especially in the
earlier portions, and may well find a second hearing. The
violin piece contains many passages affording scope for
-executive display, which were brilliantly rendered by M.
Johannes Wolff. Other portions of the concert require no
mention beyond stating that vocal silos were successfully
rendered by Madame Vallcria and Mr. Braxton Smith.
Mr. William Carter will give the first of a new scries of
grand concerts at the Royal Albert Hall on Oct. HI, with a
Scotch festival.
Mr. W. Nicholl is to begin a new scries of his interesting
chamber concerts at Princes’ Hall on Nov. 1, when a varied
and attractive programme of vocal and instrumental music
will be offered.
Dr. Latham delivered the annual Harveian oration at the
Royal College of Physiciaus on Oct. 18.
Sir Edward Watkin, Bart., M.P., was on Oct. IS presented
with an address from the electors of the Parliamentary
borough of llythe, on the occasion of his departure for India.
The Lord Mayor entertained at the Mansion House on
Oct. 17 a large number of the Mayors and Provosts of England,
Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
A deputation representing the ratepayers of Kensington
waited upon Mr. James Hey wood at his residence. Palace-
gardens, on Oct 2 d. to present him with a bust of himself,
executed in white Carrara marble, by Mr. Adams Acton, in
acknowledgment of hi* gift of a library, which is to form a
nucleus for the new Free Library in Kensington.
The Wax-Chandlers’ Company have enriched their hall in
Gnsham-street with a stained-glass window containing their
arms, granted in the time of Richard III., surrounded by
those of members of the Coart. The whole has been carrier!
out by Mr. Taylor, of Berners-street, under the direction of
Mr. Horatio Gregory, clerk of the Company.
CHESS.
TO roUUKSPOSDKXTS.
rmiimmiifflliiiw for this department should
.1 II l)i..v kiu kmc.— Many thanks for llm iruim
K w I* <Wjna-.pi.-HfM over for warn of
llKiiKiVAfin.—TlM-rc )m« Iwimi mtnio rnufii-mi
*' in slnll In
» do
unrked for inwrii-m. if *otind.
evcrallj thin
r tUe ]»rol>l
wt Soi.CTioXH or Pitom.EM No. £131 received from .1 W Kliaw < Munrnvil),
Vivilr. and J Itntti-r; of No. 2322 from J tiitfc, A W Hamilton Cell. Alpha,
mu. J Urydcn, 11 llej nolds, J tl llankin. quidnunc. and W II 1) (Wolmru*.
ot Som'tionk or Pro m. km No. 3333 rren veil from Hr reward. B Wry nolds.
rm kor (I.eediO. Howard A, K <'a«t*lla (Paris'. Martin F, Daw n. A Ncwimin, E
•y, W iiilluT. Jupiter Junior, 0.1 Vosl»\ K Phillip*, J Brjdmi, II FN It ink*,
Winfield Cooler. Pfitrrhouw* Julia Short (Exeter), T U i H'an-i. T Huberts
■kiir*yi. Dr Oimlav Wall* (Heidelberg, Mr* Kelly. I) Mrt’oy (Ualwnyl, W S
fllHil i, K Louden, R Wort it* (Canterbury). Columbu*. W II Haillem, U II
k-, I. De*»ncc .. Ur K St, E Lucas Percy Ewell, an I J Ihx.ui iColchcstci ).
Solution of Problem No. 2321.
WHITE. BLACK.
1. B to K 2nd P takoo P
2. Kt to Kt 3rd K takes Kt
3. Kt Mates.
ii!T0U8C(>rrc-pjudcnt5 point out n nolution in two mo\c < hy 1. Kt to II 6th.
PROBLEM No. 2323.
By L. Df.sasgks.
BLACK.
white (Mr. G.) black (Mr.O.j
1. P to K 4th P to K 3rd
2. P to y ith P to y B 3rd
3.1’tuKH 4th V to y ith
4. P to K 5th Kt to y K 3rd
If 11 takei Kt Black answer.* with y to
R 4th tdi
5. Kt to K B 3rd Kt to B 2nd
6. B toy 3rd P to y Kt 3rd
88 CONGRESS.
smiuim an 1 the Rov. J. Owf.n
Defence.)
HiTKfUr.G)
BLACK (Mr. 0.1
Kt take- y I*
Kt (y 4th) to
Kt 5th
it pro
i do
8. P to y Kt 3rd P to Q R 4th
9. y to K 2ll l P to y K 3rd
10. B to Kt 2nd B to y Kt 2nd
11. Ktoltsq y toy 2nd
12. y Kt to y 2nd Kt to K 2nd
13. y k to y mi
IH.-iek* imiiic i«* Mritnir only inapprni
it ti t
I'ppot
of 1
adiniMldc jii'l
injre «f* Pan I
of the weaknc a* of hia
21. Kt to y eth (ch ) K to Kt m|
22. Kt takes Kt I* takes Kt
-- . ... . takes Kt
23. Kt takes 1* B to B 4th
24. Kt takes K R
25. Kt take* P
26. B takes Kt P
27. B to K 4th
28. P to y R 3rd
_ . y 5th
P takes Kt
Kt to Kt 5th
B to y B .<H
P toy ctli
Kt to U 7th
Mr. Blacktmmo, who Is now starring the provinces, gave nn exhibition
of his skill at Trowbridge on the evenings of Oct. 10 and 11. On the ilrst
night he played thirty-six simultaneous games, of which he onlv lost two
and drew three, winning the rest ; and the following evening, when meeting
eight opixments,blindfold, he won six. drew one, and lost one. His pro¬
gramme includes visits to Birmingham. Manchester, and Luton. On Nov. 3
he gives a blindfold performance at the British Chess Chili.
At the Dover Chess Club, on Oet. 15. Mr. Bird plaved twenty simultaneous
panics, of which he won seventeen, drew two. and* lost- one* Some of the
!tv!e * Wt,C Vtl * V ,K ‘‘ n ^ {ovce 1 *>.r the single player in characteristic
The match between the Atbcmv.im and North Lon Ion Chess Clubs,
played at the rooms of the latter on Oct. 11, re.-nltcd In a victory for the
Athcmcum team by 9.J games to 5$.
‘The Chess-Play it’s Pocket-Book and Manual of the <)i ten lugs." hr
.lame- Mortimer i Wyman and Sons). Chess-phivers of nil classes ought to
lx> grateful to Mr. Mortimer for thl- excellent little work, which is s *
s.mple in Men that the wonder is no one has over thought of It lief on*.
Wiihina compass p-rmittitur the book to he easily slipped Into n brenst-
pocket, the author has managed to give the first ten moves of sixty-one
different ojienitigs. including such novelties ns the Pierce and the two
Black mar gambits, whilst an ap|K-ndix provides further analyses of the
leading attacks. The volume is. in fact, nn exhaustive compendium of the
labours of all the analysts, and contains ns much real instruction In
the owning* ns one ten times its size. There arc, of course, no notes ;
but by nti ingenious code of signs, the value of different lines of
1'la.v. «rnf particular moves, is as fully indicated as in nnv of the ordinary
text iKN.ks. in each ease the criticism is Mr. Mortimers own; but his
proved merits ns a player necessarily comumud resjiect for his Judgment ns
« commentator. We already owe to him some interesting variations in the
most itnpular line* of play ; hut we consider that in this manual he has done
sttii more for the game. So far as our examination has gone, we have
discovered no defects of any kind, and great care has evidently Iteen taken
rohirne is daintily got tip, nnd its price (one shilling)
ot obtai
The tenth annual Brewers’, Mineral Water Manufacturers’
an<l Allied Trades' Exhibition was opened at the Agricultural
Hall, Islington, on Oct. 22, and continued till the 27th.
The Board of Trade have received two silver medals and
their diplomas, which have been awarded by the French Govern¬
ment to Mr. William Garson. second mate, and John Neill,
seaman, of the British steam-ship Richmond, in recognition of
their services to the passengers and crew of the French vessel
Vi lie de Victoria, which foundered in Lisbon Harbour on
Dee. 21,1880.
S C I E N C E J OTTING S.
OYSTERS.
That window in the oyster-shop has always had a strange
fascination for me, and I never contemplate the bivalves in
its tanks withont a sigh of regret that so much in the way of
complex anatomy should glide over the human throat without
exciting even a quiver to mark its sense of the social barbarity
to which it has been subjected. It is curious, too, to note bow
different are the feelings with which we of these islands
regard two nearly-related molluscs—the oyster and the suail.
For the former we pay down cheerfully our two-nnd-six or
tbrec-and- 8 ix per dozen on Mrs. Driver's counter, while the
dainty, vegetable - feeding snail (costing us, as imported,
nothing like such prices) is eschewed as a Continental
culinary and gastronomic eccentricity. I snpposc it always
will be so in the matter of our food. We are terribly insular,
in a dietetic sense. I do not aspire to the free ideas of
John Chinaman, who despises nothing which is edible, and
to whom a rat or a dog may come with equal relish as does his
trepang or bird’s nest (for soup) ; but I do contend
we might enlarge our daily bill - of - fare with great
advantage to health and pocket alike. In my many, jour-
neyings to and fro over the surface of the earth it is my
lot to sojourn frequently at hotels. I find the British waiter
hns invented a shibboleth which in the matter of breakfast is
repeated over the length and breadth of the land. Inquire
what there may be ready to offer you for the first meal of the
day, and you are answered at hotel No. 1, “ C hop-fish-steak-
ham-and-eggs, Sir ! ” At hotel No. 2 it is, “ Fish-ch op-steak -
ham-and-eggx, Sir ! ” At No. 3 it varies like the same old
chimes—“Steak-fish-chop-ham-and-eggs, Sir!”—and so on,
from Land’s End to John o’Groat’s, the refrain ceaseth never.
What this plaint of mine has to do with oysters may not, I
confess, he apparent all at once; but my logical position is,
luckily, secure. I contend that, as wc have gone out of our
(edible) way, ages ago, to devour the mollusc, we should pro¬
gress a little further on the same (dietetic) lines. Why not
enlarge and extend the British bill-of-fare ? Here is a topic
for my friend Mr. Payn. The oyster must have been “ a great
departure ” in its time. Imagine the attitude of the solid and
eminently respectable Britisher who first swallowed an oyster.
It was, in truth, a great feat; it led to a great innovation in
food delicacies, and I trust it may be repeated in the case of
many of the products of marine zoology as yet limited to the
aquarium. The late Mr. Gosse used to rolatc how once upon
a time he cooked and ate a sea-anemone. In the days of my
youth, fired with a strong emulation to imitate my masters in
science, I went and did likewise. The experiment was not a
success. The anemone was tough, and it wanted a nice Sauce
Holland aixr, say, to make one fancy it was only cod-fish after
all. Unfortunately I had to cook the animal myself (the head
of the kitchen in those days refused to “ mess about,” ns she
put it, with “ such filthy things ”), and there were no directions
in any of the estimable manuals of the culinary art at
my command whereby I might be guided in my attempts
in food-reform. Later on I may “return to my anemone”;
but it will be rather in a literary than in a culinary
sense, I fear. You get nice fresh cuttlefish on tbo
Mediterranean borders, and it tastes like nicely-done tripe.
Everybody hns had (or thinks he has enjoyed) frogs’ hind legs
in Paris : but “ you can never be sure,” as the comic song has
it, unless you go to the Halles Centrales and buy your frogs
nicely skewered on those little bits of wood, each looking for
all the world like a monkey on a stick. Anyhow, I always
take mine oyster as a proof that once upon a time we did make
a step in the direction of a fuller menu : and when one thinks
of the endless reiteration of the “ beef, pork, mutton,” and of
the “ chop-fish-steak-ham-and-eggs. Sir ! ” I can only hope
(without being a Sybarite) that when we next enlarge our
dietary I may be there to'see—and to partake likewise.
Our oyster is designated, somewhat unfeelingly, I confess,
in natural history text-books, “ a headless bivalve.” Whether
it ever possessed a head or not, the sequel doth not show. I
can certainly hie back, if 3011 will, in oyster-history, and
trace for you its development; but even in its early days there
is no appearance of a head. Hence it is an inferior creature
in this sense to your snail or whelk, which not only possesses
a head, but contrives to see a good deal of the world in the
course of its somewhat laboured peregrinations.
The oysters lying in Mrs. Driver’s tank this morning are
gaping widely enough. You might almost think they brd
died in the night; but when you tap the shell ever so lightly
you notice how it closes with a somewhat leisurely but highly
determined motion. Now, this observation proves two things to
the inquiring mind. It shows, first of all, that the bivalvo
exhibits a quick appreciation of the “ tapping at its garden-
gate ’’; in other words, it is provided with a very distinct
nervous system. Then, secondly, you observe that it pos¬
sesses a powerful muscle wherewith*the shell is closed. lxxik
at the empty valve or shell from which you have just removed its
tenant. You see the oval impression on the valve showing where
the muscle was attached, and you note on the other and com¬
panion valve, the neighbour* impression. Between the two
valves of the shell, then, there stretches this strong band of
muscular fibres ; so strong that it requires the deft hand of
the oyster-opener to detach them. This muscle which closes
the valves and keeps them shut is called the "adductor ”; and
while our oyster has but one, the mussels themselves possess
two. It is a voluntary muscle this of the oyster, and
quite as much at the command of the animal as your
own biceps is placed tinder your behest. But the ad¬
ductor muscle of the oyster is not an organ which is
frequently in use. If the shell is closed by its action,
how, you inquire, are the valves opened ! Look once again
at the empty shell. You observe at its beak or apex tLo
remains of a brownish substance. That is the "ligament” of
the shell. It is an elastic Viand, which is put on the stretch
when the shell is closed by the adductor muscle. If that
muscle relaxes, you see what will happen. The elastic
ligament will come into play, and by that elasticity will keep
the shell open. Now, as an open shell is the oyster's natural
condition, we can see in this contrivance a saving of power.
The shell is kept unclosed by the purely elastic and mechanical
action of the ligament. The oyster has no need to bother
itself over this duty. But it is when the more unusual work
of closing the shell has to he accomplished that the vital and
muscular act comes into play. Then the muscle acts, and
“shuts up shop,” so to speak, without delay. Nature is always
economical in her distribution of power, and our oyster is kept
gaping without the expenditure of any vital activity.
1 may not linger to-day to tell you of the gills of the oyster
(otherwise the “ beard ”), with their countless cilia, which
waft in currents of water .perpetually for food and breathing,
and ns perpetually sweep out these currents laden with the
waste of the molluscan body. But perchance I have said
enough to convince you that the oyster-shop exhibits many
interesting problems in science in the contents of its tanks;
and to suggest that, as oysters contribute largely to the
material nutrition of mankind, they may also be found not
less wholesome when regarded from an intellectual i>oint of
view. Andrew Wilson.
1888.— 495
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 27,
ENGLISH HOMES. —No. XVI. COBHAM HALL.
uf the (larilcn!*. showing i!ic Pmnuranlentinn Bri.lgo between the Ho* ’ r.nl 0.miens.
3. Corner View, from the Entrance.
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct. 27, 1888.—496
THE BLUE LION DEBATING CLUB.
The old-fashioned tavern in Bnstle-street, which anciently
displayed for its sign the painting of a ferocious King of
Beasts, fabulously called bine, rampant in a scarlet field, as
true to Nature as the ideas and speeches of some tavern
debating clubs are true to fact and common-sense—retains
two of its founders when those great demagogues were most
admired. Below them, on a little raised platform, with a
little separate table, is an arm-chair, now occupied by Mr.
Soggins, who presides over the feast of reason and the flow of
soul, but does not contribnte to either. His flow pours down
his silent throat; reason to his stomach is an indigestible
feast. He is a second-hand furniture dealer in Bag-lane, with
based on despotic tyranny, consecrated by hypocrisy, and
bearing the fruits of moral anarchy, servility, and wide¬
spread misery, shall forthwith be superseded by arrangements
more conducive to the progress of mankind. Proposed by Mr.
Sadfacc.”
The rising of Mr. Sadface, one of the most frequent and
lengthy speakers of this society, is but faintly cheered, or
“ Mr. Chairman , the learned opener of the debate hag
told us that ”-
merely its name as the Blue Lion, with its license to sell wines
and spirits and malt liquors, and with a respectable sort of
custom. Passing through the bar, where glasses clink merrily
on the broad zinc-covered counter, behind which a potman
and two barmaids ply the brass-handled engines that pump
up streams of refreshing liquids from the cellar, you may, if
yon have nothing better to do, at eight or nine o’clock on a
Monday evening, find an odd kind of mutual amusement going
on. to which listeners are freely welcome, though only members
no particular family call to spend his evenings at home. The
landlord of the Blue Lion is an old friend of his, and Mr.
Soggins gets his brnndy-and-water free of cost. Every half-
hour the rap of a hammer is sounded, and you may observe the
Chairman looking at the clock; this happens regularly from
half-past eight till eleven. He does not look at the waiter,
but the waiter understands this glance at the clock as a signal,
and instantly brings to the Chairman's little table another
“ six of brandy." with a fresh jug of hot water. The Chairman
is armed, as we have noticed, with a handy wooden hammer
of cylindrical shape, with which he knocks to enforce order.
When his fifth glass of brandy-and-water is nearly finished,
he knocks very decisively, and calls out, “ Time ! gentlemen !
Time ! ”
This is all that Mr. Soggins, the Chairman, has to do;
rather is not cheered at all, but is saluted by a slight rapping
of spoons on the table. With a visage bearing the dismal
expression of a convicted criminal just awaiting his sentence
to be hanged, his stream of oratory, in forced monotonous
utterance like the tones of a cow's-horn, begins and proceeds
for nearly five-and-twenty minutes. Among the forty or fifty
members present, some are furtively chatting with each other,
some are loudly giving their orders for “Scotch” or “ Irish,”
brandy, gin, or “ bitter ; ” some are busily filling and lighting
their pipes, while several, being near the door, escape with a
sly wink into the bar, promising to return directly. Mr. Sad¬
face, absorbed in the recollection of a train of tremendous
thoughts and terrible phrases, to which he has previously
devoted long hours of solitary study, glares at the wall-space
between the two pictures above the Chairman’s head, unob-
of a recognised society take an active part in the performance.
The visitor, however, will soon bo courteously asked by a Blue
Lion waiter to mention what he prefers in the way of stimu¬
lating drink ; and, if he likes also to smoke, will be encouraged
by neighbouring examples.
The large inner room, entered from the bar through swing-
doors, has a divan of green leather seating at the upper end
and along two sides, except at the ample fireplace; and there
are tables, marked with many a dint and stain by the setting
down and spilling of thousands of pots, jugs, and tumblers, or
the burning ashes of thousands of pipes and cigars. The wall
at the upper end is adorned with portraits of John Wilkes and
Tom Paine, which attest the historic boast that the Blue Lion
Debating Club has existed a hundred years, being the gift of
except that, when he takes his seat, at half-past eight, and
gets his first glass, he rises and says. •• Gentlemen. Mr. White. - '
or “Mr. Black,” or “Mr. Brown," “will address you on the
question of which he has given notice." The question, or
abstract proposition, or assertion of “policy," to be debated,
with the name of its propounder, written on a sheet of paper,
has been publicly set on view in the bar-window of the Blue
Lion, during four days of the preceding week. Anybody
stopping for a moment in Bustle-street might have read the
following :—
“ That the present crisis in the affairs of the human race
imperatively demands the total and immediate abolition of
the existing system in all its ramifications, social, political,
religious, industrial, and commercial; and that institutions
"But, gentlemen , let vs be serious" -
servant of the demeanour of his audience. He is an attorney’s
copying clerk, and a furious philosophic reformer. His speech
is a convincing exposition of the notorious rottenness of all
that is established—legal, traditional, or customary—in this
and every other so-called civilised nation. Church and State,
Law and Gospel, the Court, the House of Lords, the Bench of
Bishops, the Bench of Judges, Landed Estate and Trade
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Oct, 27, 1888.- 4!>7
e and Credit, all Corporations, all officials, all capital, there would be no trade and no wages : what would interrupted the speaker, and a voice at the lower end of
vho seek gain by trade or investment of money, become of the working classes then? “Property, in fact, the room, beginning timidly in subdued tones, was beard
s the crafty enemies and robbers of the working gentlemen, supports and provides for all." trolling the notes of an old rollicking chorus, “ For we always
Chairman, I denounce,” he exclaims with a But Mr. Baekstead has an inveterate personal antagonist, are so jolly oh—Slap, bang, here we are again, what jolly
; and he stands still denouncing— Mr. Trounce, one of the People's Grievances’ Reform dogs are we!"
hairman's hammer is heard ; for it is nine Association, who is the next speaker. He attacks the manage- The whole assembly, within three minutes, had assumed a
Chairman is going to signal for his second ment of local and parochial business, and declares that it is convivial aspect j fresh orders were shouted to the waiters;
3 a clattering of pots and a tinkling of spoons in
loud chattering of tongues in many sociable groups
ing talkers, brief snatches of song from different
and a growing cloud of tobacco-smoke filling the hall
. Amidst this festive turmoil, the figure of Mr. James
one of the most punctual attendants of the club, was
rising with a written paper in his left hand, while
manipulated a double eyeglass. He feebly uttered
ving syllables :—
•e was one subject, Mr. Chairman, that—er—er—I—
tinubtletsi full of
of laugh
quarters,
of debate.
Priggins,
discerned
bis right
the follov
“Ther
glass of brandy. Then
and to him rises Mr. I
has, with his wife's money, bought
dated old dwelling-houses in Mugf
a year of weekly rents out of t
crowding those squalid abodes of f
course, a member of the Select ^
Sadface indignantly sits down
tead. a retired tax-collector, wt
of the dilap
matter
Lions ami three
quarters sterling - _ jJSfcfijSf—
is yearly paid by
the British tax-
payer among
iUegil ^
spring of that base and profligate Monarch, King -aw
Charles IT. “ It is downright robbery, gentlemen— l " A ylh ff& f
When so much vehemence and portentous gravity \ Vi
seem to have fatigued tho company, they are /.iUsTl r,
relieved by the bland jocosity of Mr. Felix Smoothers. / . Jf', if If .
He is a personal friend of Mr. Sadface, and sits v> v$>Wj3M||iLL7'. {f!tii
with him all day at an opposite desk in the same YJ jf firil'i 1 wf “8
office. “ I deeply regret,” he says, “ that I have ft y CitlilBwF 1 "^ ) i. / fla j " .1
come here too late this evening, and have missed IX . V Jim * • Jlf
the rich treat you have all enjoyed in hearing my flg. • ^ C . f. , Ml j
honourable and learned friend's brilliant exposition, fjZmj iiUhVbr' 4 .ill* J •
set off, as I can fancy, by the flashes of wit, the >l\v- ‘ ii {' Q ' r '^^ er
genial glow of humorous pleasantry, the soft touches yjf, *
of delicate irony, the charming graces of a refined 81 s 11
and captivating eloquence, that we appreciate in “Time! gentlemen! Time!" J '
his frequent discourses. Mr. Sadfaoe, gentlemen, is
blessed with a temperament of airy cheerfulness. There he But the Chairman saw, at that moment, the bottom of his
sits, with a glass only of water before him, as you observe, fifth glass of brandy-and-wator. He drained its last drop,
sufficiently exhilarated by the internal radiance of his delight- and put down the glass. He lifted the official hammer, ex-
fnl imagination ; we, less gifted minds, are fain to imbibe a claiming “ Time! gentlemen ! Time ! ” The hammer fell
slight inspiration of hopeful benevolence through the medium with such force that fifty glasses jingled on the tables. Mr.
of whisky or brandy or whatever it may chance to be. Soggins left the chair, and the Blue Lion Debating Club
But, gentlemen, let us be serious ”—— Cries of “ No, no I ’’ presently went home to bed.
“ There wtu me mi hjeet, Mr. Chairman , that — er — er —
I — er—would like to mention—er — er — er — one other
matter that — er—er ”-
practised debater. “ Mr. Chairman," he says, “ the learn<
opener of the debate has told ns that "—property is robber;
but Mr. Baekstead can prove that it is not; for if there wei
no property, nobody could get anything; if there were r
rents, there would be no houses to live in ; if there were r
wedded state is to be one of p<*&49 or discord. And it is amusing
to see the quietest of the maids drop two nuts side by side
into a red corner of the coal, blushing at the guesses made by
her merry companions, but shyly whispering to herself, “ This
is Patey and this is me" and watching with bashful eager¬
ness as the two take fire together. Puff Alas for her hopes,
joor child ! “ Patey ” has shot away from her side ; and the
lot tears are woefully near her eyes as she notices that he has
settled down to burn by the nut of her neighbour. May
her sorrows, sweet lass, never have darker cause than this
imaginary presage of losing a fickle lover !
And now. by way of supper, a mighty platter of “ champed "
potatoes is planed upon the table—a pile mountain-high, in
which are hidden somewhere a ring, a sixpence, a thimble, and
A button. The lamps are pnfc oat. each person is armed with
A spoon, and in the unoertain light of the glowing fire the
mystic procession moves round the table in single file. Each
one ns ho passes the platter takes a spoonful of potatoes, and
he or she who finds the ring U fated to be first married. T1 p
sixpence is an augury of wealth, and the finding of the thimble
or button is. according to the sex of the finder, an indication
that he or she will marry a maiden spouse or will die single.
Rut, listen ! There is a sudden loud knocking at the door.
It heralds the time-honoured visitation of the Guizards, a
earpmony annually renewed by each succeeding generation of
rilUge hoys. In they stalk, got np in grotesque improvisa¬
tions of mumming costume, and each armed with a wooden
*word, and carrying a ghostly lantern hollowed out of a giant
turnip. “ Ham comes in Galoshin," as that individual himself
informs thaoornpany—being doubtless the traditional represen¬
tative of some forgotten Templar Knight: and presently he is
engaged in a sanguinary hand-to-hand encounter with another
irooden-sworried champion apon the floor. Many are the bold
words that are said and the doughty deeds that are done ; and
through the whole performance one may see. as Scott re¬
marked in n note to Mnrmion, traces of the ancient monkish
plays and the revels of the medieval Lord of Misrule. At the
O ld the players are contented with a reward of apples and nuts,
and a share in their elders' merriment.
Tubs full of water are placed on the floor, and dozens of
red-cheeked apples set swimming in them ; and immediately a
wild scene of revel ensues as all and sundry, men and maids, on
their knees, seek to snatch the floating apples with their teeth.
Many an unexpected ducking is got. and shrieks of laughter greet
each mishap and each ineffectual effort to secure a prize. Then
there is a wild game of blindman’s buff, led off by Galoshin him¬
self. who turns out, now that his burnt cork and whiskers have
been washed off. to be one of the younger men of the house,
and the soul of all the fun. And from the sly fashion in
which he avoids other quarry and keeps hemming one rosy
little maid into corners, compelling her to spring shrieking
over settles and chairs, it may be gathered that the knowing
fellow is no more blinded than he wishes himself to be.
And so the night goes on, a night of whole-hearted and
innocent mirth—enough to prove that the spirit of old-
fashioned revelry is by no means dead, and that, for at least
one night in the year, the young blood of Lowland and Lothian
still can wake as much and as joyous merriment as ever did
its progenitors a hundred years ago. G. E.-T.
Lady Shelley, accompanied by Sir Percy Shelley, on Oct. 17,
started an engine which drove in a pile in connection with a
new pier to be erected at Boscombe, about a mile and a half to
the eastward of the present Bournemouth pier. The new pier,
t*ie first portion of which will be 400 ft. long, is to be completed
before the next summer season, and will cost £6000.
In Edinburgh, on Oct. 17, the Marquis of Iluntly’a Aber¬
deenshire estates were for sale in eight lots. The upset price
was over a quarter of a million pounds sterling. The only
sale effected was the estate of Dess, which sold at the upset
price of £18,000. The far-famed deer forest of Glentanar. and
Birso Forest, with fine grouse-shooting, .were unsold. Dam-
barrow estate, in Forfarshire, fetched £16,600.
A ROYAL ENTERTAINMENT IN HAWAII.
The island kingdom of Hawaii, formerly called the Sandwich
Islands, in the middle of the North Pacific Ocean, has made
considerable progress in civilisation since Captain Cook was
killed there a hundred years ago. Its position, in the high¬
way of commercial navigation between San Francisco and
China and New Zealand, secures to it an increasing amount of
intercourse with the most prosperous nations of the world.
The natives, who are probably of a race akin to the Maoris of
New Zealand, have been converted to the profession of
Christianity by American missions, and there are numerous
churches and schools. The King, who not long ago visited
Europe, is a Constitutional monarch, and his habits of life are
quite European. In August last, when two British ships of
the Pacific Squadron. H.M.S. Hyacinth and H.M.S. Espiegle,
were in the harbour of Honolulu, with two of the United
States Navy, the Vandalia and the Dolphin, his Majesty
gave an entertainment to the officers of these ships.
Our Illustration is from a sketch by Lieutenant A. W.
Smith-Dorrien. R.N., of H.M.S. Espiegle. The feast took
place in a tent made out of flags and palm-leaves. All
the guests were decorated with garlands of flowers, in
accordance with the pretty custom of the country. The table
was covered with ferns, and most of the delicacies were care¬
fully wrapped in green leaves. There was both seaweed and
raw cuttle-fish on the table, and ipany other luxuries. The
guests at table were fanned by women holding great feather
fans. After the feast a native dance, called a “ houlah-houlah '
was given in the garden. This scene is represented in the
smaller Engraving. His Majesty is standing in front.with a
wine-glass, while a few natives with guitars and banjoes are
playing and singing Hawaian music. In the distance is the
band, which played at intervals, and behind the dancers are
some natives climbing up cocoanut-trees for a prize. In the
foreground are native Princesses and naval officers, served with
champagne by a waiter.
498
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 27, 1888
HALLOWMAS EVE.
“ The good old oustoms of the country are passing away.”
No speech, perhaps, is oftener heard than this when, over
the walnuts and the wine about Christmastime or Hallowe'en,
the talk has turned upon the subject of old-fashioned festivi¬
ties. And the sentiment seldom fails to evoke a sigh of regret,
and to awake recollections of frolic mirth enjoyed in lighter-
hearted days. But while there is, without doubt, truth in the
remark, happily it is not altogether trne. The portly old
gentleman who animadverts upon the subject is generally too
apt to take for granted that, because for some decades he hrs
ceased to share in these festal sports, the sports themselves
have ceased to be observed. If, however, the speaker were
to return upon such a night as All Hallow’s Eve to the village
where perchance his youthful years were passed, he might
find that the quaint and merry customs he laments do not
altogether belong to the golden dusk of long-forgotten days.
Though he himself has grown older and graver, the great heaifc
of the world has remained ever young ; and ever still, as the
traditional occasions come round, there breaks forth amid its
long-accustomed scenes the ancient madcap carnival of mirth.
Not. indeed, quite as in bygone times is this festival of
Hallowe'en now observed. The witches no longer, as in days
of yore, are believed to hold their revels then upon the green¬
sward, and something of the ancient superstition which
otherwise lent awe to the eve of All Saints' Day has been dis¬
pelled by modern education. But enough remains of uncanny
feeling to lend interest to the more mysterious proceedings of
the night: and the spirit of simple enjoyment may be trusted
to keep alive for its own sake most of the mirth-giving
functions of the feast. An institution which took its
origin probably from some strange rite of far-back pagan
times, and which has managed to survive countless changes of
thought, and, like a rolling snowball, to incorporate in itself
traces of the Crusades, of the Mediaeval Church mysteries or
miracle plays, and of later witchcraft and elfin superstitions,
must have a strong hold somewhere upon human nature, and
is not likely to disappear quite at once even before the blast
of the steam-engine and the roll of the printing-press.
If one wishes to know how lads and lasses spent their
Hallowe'en in Ayrshire a hundred years ago, he has but to
read the famous description of the occasion written by the
glowing peasant-pen of Burns; and cold indeed must be his
imagination if he does not catch from that description some¬
thing of the madcap frolic of the night. In these lines he
may hear the timid lasses li skirl” as their sweethearts sur¬
prise them pulling the fateful corn-stalks ; he may watch
Jamie Fleck secretly sowing hia handful of hemp-seed, and
waiting for the image of his destined true-love to appear
behind him in the act of harrowing it; he may see Meg in the
empty barn, weighing her ** weehts o' naething," and likewise
waiting for her true-love's presentment; and he may laugh at
the mishap befalling the wanton widow as she dips her left
sleeve in the rivulet at the meeting of three lairds’ lands.
But one must not think that these time-honoured frolics are
all unpractised now.
Let him step into some great farm-kitchen of the Lothians,
with its red fire roaring up the chimney, its plate-racks gleam¬
ing on the walls, and dressers, tables, and chairs clean as
scrubbing can make them, and he will find, in practice, bits of
traditional folklore and traits of human nature equally worthy
of the poet's pen.
The place for the moment is empty, the lamps shining
from their bright tin sconces on the walls upon unoccupied
wooden settles and chairs; for lads and lasses together have
betaken themselves to pull each his particular prophetic stock
in the kailyard at hand. But presently, with shouts of
laughter, they come streaming in out of the darkness ; and
shrieks of merriment greet the discovery of the fortune which
has befallen individual members of the company. For, accord¬
ing as the stock lighted on in the dark turns out to be straight
or crooked, and its taste sweet or bitter, so the appearance and
disposition of its possessor's future mate will be ; and according
as earth has clung to the nptorn root or not will the pocket9
of the future pair be well-filled or the reverse. A merry party
these men and maidens make, bringing in with them as they
enter a breeze of the cool night air. and a breath of the sweet,
fresh-smelling earth. And from the flaming cheeks and
sparkling eyes of at least one of the laughing girls it is to be
doubted that she has met outside with somewhat warmer and
more certain assurance of the personality of her future
partner in life than is likely to be afforded by her stock of
curly kail.
Another method of divination, however, presently engrosses
all attention indoors. Three bowls are set out on the hearth—
one full of clean water, one muddy, and the remaining vessel
empty. One after another each lad and lass is blindfolded, the
position of the bowls is changed in thimble-rigging fashion,
and he or she is led forward and invited to place a hand in one.
According as the dish chosen proves dirty, clean, or empty will
the inquirer of the Fates marry a widow or a maid, or remain
a bachelor ; and shrieks of merriment are occasioned by the
appropriate mishaps which befall the most confident.
Then there is the burning of nut3 to be done in the great
kitchen-fire—a method of discovering whether the future
WITH
to be obtained at
store, and effecting
id Mounting Workshops. CJcrkcnwetl, in Direct Coin
GOLDSMITHS' AKD SILVERSMITHS’ COMPAN'
Jeweller
TjISORDERED STOMACH AND BILIOUS ATTACKS.—A Gentleman writes: “Dec. 27, 1887.—After twelve months’experience of the value of the ‘VEGETABLE MOTO,’
I unhesitatingly recommend their use in preference to any other medicine, more particularly in bilious attacks ; their action is so gentle, and vet so effective, that nothin" equals them in my
opinion. They have never failed to give the wisbed-for relief. I take them at any hour, and frequently in conjunction with a small glass of EXO’S ‘ FRUIT SALT.’—Yours gratefully,
■tirBST INDIJES. To Mr. J. C. Eno, London.—“ Please send me further supply of your ‘VEGETABLE MOTO’ to the value of the P.O. inclosed (eight shillings). The first small
parcel came fully up to what is written of them.—St. Kilts, West Indies, Oct. 11, 1887.” THE SAME CORRESPONDENT, in ordering a further supply of the “ VEGETABLE MOTO,”
-1T7-E3T INDIES. To Mr. J. C. Eno, London.—“ Please send me further supply of your ‘VEGETABLE MOTO’ to the value of the P.O. inclosed (eight shillings). T
parcel came fully up to what is written of them.—St. Kitts, West Indies, Oct. 11, 1887.” THE SAME CORRESPONDENT, in ordering a further supply of the “ VEGETAL
in July, 1888, writes as follows : “ I cannot help telling you that the ‘ MOTO ’ is a valuable addition to your ‘ FRUIT SALT,’ and ought to be as generally known as the latter.”
ENO’S “ VEGETABLE KOTO," of all Chemists, price Is. Xld.| post-free, Is. 3d.
ENO’S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, POMEROY-STREET, NEW CROSS-ROAD, LONDON, S.E.
GOLDSMITHS’ AND SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY,
Show-Rooms: 112, REGENT-STREET, LONDON, W. ( 8
Supply the Public Direot at Manufacturers' Cash Prices, saving Purchasers from 26 to 60 per cent.
THE COMPANY
SUPPCY THE PUBLIC DIRECT
With Good* of their own Manufacture at a minimum
profit for cash ; all intermediate profits are thereby
avoided, and
THE PURCHASER
IS PLACED IN DIRECT
COMMUNICATION
THE PRODUCER.
A Sating Tarying from 25 to 50
per cent.
CATALOGUE
Containing over Five Hundred beautifully
Illustrated Designs,
«r«U and Post-free to all parts of the World.
0AUTION.—The Company regret
to find that many of their design* are being
copied la a very inferior quality, chnrged at higher
price*, and Inserted In a similar form of advertise¬
ment, which I* calculated to mislead the public.
They beg to notify that their only London retail
address is Ilf, REGENT-STREET, W.
“A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS.”
“We know of no enterprise of recoDt year*
which lias been crowned with greater success than
the Goldsmiths’ and Silversmiths* Company, of
113, Regent-street, who eight years ago opened
their show-rooms to place the productions of their
workshops direct before the public, thus saving
purchasers the numerous intermediate profits which
ore obtained by * middlemen ’ on high-class goods.
Such lias been the appreciation by the public that
the Company have now the largest business In
England, and are quite supplanting the old-fashloncd
house* that pride themselves upon having been
established so many decades, bnt have utterly failed
to keep pace with tho times, and find it impossible
10 'h-’Port from their long credit system, entailing
had debts, for which cash buyers have to com¬
pensate."—court Journal.
HIGH-CLASS JEWELLERY.
The Stock of BRACELETS, BROOCHES,
EARRINGS, NECKLETS, <fcc„ is tho largest and
choicest In London, and contains designs of raro
beauty and excellence not to be obtained elsewhere,
an Inspection of which is respectfully invited.
DIAMOND ORNAMENTS.—A
magnificent assortment of Rings, Stars, Sprays,
Files, Necklaces, <fcc., composed of the finest White
Diamonds, mounted in special and original designs,
and sold direct to the public at merchants’ cash
prices.
JJOVELTIES. — A succession of
Novelties by the Company’s own artists and
designers is constantly being produced to anticipate
the requirements of purchoscre.
BRIDAL PRESENTS.—Special
attention is devoted to the production of
elegant and Inexpensive novelties suitable for
Bridesmaids’ Presents. Original designs and
estimates prepared free of charge.
REDDING PRESENTS.
COMPLIMENTARY PRESENTS.
APPROBATION.—Selected parcels
of goods forwarded to tho country on ap¬
proval when desired. Correspondents not being
customers should send a London reference or
deposit.
(JOUNTRY CUSTOMERS have
through this means the advantage of being
supplied direct from an Immense London stock,
containing all the latest novelties, and which are
not obtainable In provincial towns.
QLD JEWELLERY, Diamonds,
and Plate taken iu exchange or bought for
cash.
TESTIMONIALS.—The numerous
recommendations with which the Goldsmiths’
Company have been favoured by customers 1* a
pleasing testimony to the excellence and durability
of their manufactures.
JJEDALS.—Awarded Seven Gold
and Prise Medals and the Legion of Honour, the
highest distinction conferred on any firm.
SOLD BYT ALL CHEMISTS.
PREPARED ONLY AT ENO’S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, LONDON, S.E., BY J. C. ENO’S PATENT.
I IS THE CONSTANT SYLLABLE TICKING
■ FROM THE CLOCK OF TIME.
NOW! ZS THE WATCHWORD OF THE WISE. NOW! IS ON THE BANNER OP THE PRUDENT.
M n VA/ I ' IrOW CAW CHANGE the TRICKLING STREAM BUT TO-MORROW TOU MAY HAVE THE
v W J raging torrent to contend with.
JN THE BATTLE OF THIS LIFE ENO’S “ FRUIT SALT ” is an imperative hygienic need, or necessary adjunct. It keepB the
blood pure, prevents fevers and acute inflammatory diseases, removes the injnrions effects of stimulants, narcotics, such as alcohol, tobacco,
t a. coffee, by natural means ; thus restores the nervous system to its normal condition, by preventing the great danger of poisoned blood and
over-cerebral activity, sleeplessness, irritability, worry, &c.
DON’T GO TO SEA WITHOUT A BOTTLE OF ENO’S “FRUIT SALT.”—“ From a Town in British Guiana, South America.—
J. C. Eno, EBq., London.—Sir,—After two years’ trial of yonr excellent ‘ FRUIT SALT,’ I can safely say that it has saved me much misery
from colonial fevers, indigestion, and impaired appetite, to which I have been subject daring eleven years’ residence in the tropics. It is
invaluable to travellers as a preventive of sea sickness, and a relief from the other ailments of life aboard ship ; and for myself I would as soon
thmk of going a voyage without my tooth-brush os my bottle of ENO’S ‘FRUIT SALT.’ With ordinary care it does not get hard and caked as
other effervescent pre]»mtions do in warm and humid climates, and this is greatly in its favour.—I am, Sir, yours respectfully, W. J. B.”
JJEAD WINDS AND HEAVY SEA CROSSING “THE BAY.”—” I have recently returned from a trip in a P. k 0. Company's
ship, and consider it a duty incumbent upon me to make known to you that, daring a nautical career extending over a period of thirty
y.-nrs, I have been invariably a sufferer from sea-sickness, more or less, according to the weather ; but on the last occasion, I am happy to say
i i though we experienced strong head winds and heavy sea crossing ‘ The Bay’), I entirely escaped: and this I attribute to my having
provided myself with ENO’S ‘FRUIT SALT,’which I can most conscientiously recommend to all who maybe similarly afflicted, whoso
business or pleasure may cause them to ' go down to the Bea in ships.’—I am. Sir, yours faithfully, A Purser."
-p.UROPE, ASIA, AFRICA, AMERICA, AUSTRALIA.—Important to all Travellers.—“ Please send me half a dozen bottles of ENO’S
‘FRUIT’ SALT.’ I have tried ENOS ‘ FRUIT SALT' in America, India, Egypt, and on the Continent for almost every complaint, fever
‘ 1 luded, with the most satisfactory results. I can strongly recommend it to all Travellers ; in fact, I am never without it.—Yours faithfully,
An Anglo-Indian Official, June 26, 1878.”
“ I used my ‘ FRUIT SALT’ freely in my last severe attack of fever, and I have every reason to say it saved my life.—J. C. Eno."
CAUTION, A-ramlnc each Bottle, and tee the Capsule is marked "(NO’S ‘FRUIT SAIT.’ 1 ' Without it you have been imposed an by a leorthleee imitation.
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
BAYLISS, JONES, l BAYLISS, WOLVERHAMPTON.
Union Show-Rooms: 130 A141, CANNON-STREET, E.C.
BENHAM & SONS
CHIMNEY-PIECES, STOVES, TILES,
COOKING APPARATUS, KITCHENERS,
LAUNDRIES, LIFTS, ENGINEERING,
ELECTRIC LIGHTING, ELECTRIC BELLS.
WIGMORE-STREET, LONDON.
MELLIN’S
FOB INFANTS AND INVALIDS.
FOOD.
500
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
daughters, Margaret and Elizabeth ; £1300 to his niece, Annie
Whyte; £1500 to his nephew Robert Whyte; £1000 to his
nephew George Whyte ; £000 to John Whyte ; £500 to William
Whyte ; £1500 to Mrs. Charlotte Wilhelmina Whyte ; £300 to
each executor, and other legacies to relatives. The residue of
bis real and personal estate he leaves to his niece and god¬
child, Mrs. Charlotte Wilhelmina Whyte.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (as contained in writings markod B and A), with a
codicil, of Mr. Edward Young, J.P., late of Thornleigh. Iiich-
inond-hill, Bournemouth, who died on Ang. 31, at Hoylake,
Cheshire, was proved on Oct. 17 by Mrs. Betsey Young, the
widow, Reginald Young, the son, Mrs. Mary Field, tho
daughter, anil the Rev. Reginald Gunnery, the executors, the
valueof the personal estate amounting to upwards of £110,000.
The testator be jueaths £ 100 each to the Church Missionary
Society, the Church Pastoral Aid Society, the Bible Society,
and the Liverpool Scripture-Readers’ Society ; £500, all his
household furniture, plate, &c., consumable stores, horses, and
carriages to his wife ; £100 each to his nieces, Emma Barrow
and Elizabeth Woodward : £50 to each executor: annuities of
£30 each to his sisters Mary Woodward, Anne Young, and
Elizabeth Woods ; and specific gifts of pictures by Sir Joshua
Reynolds, and others, to his children. The residue of his real
and personal estate he leaves os to one eleventh thereof to
each of his children by his former wife—viz., Mrs. Emelyn
Drury, Mrs. Mary Field, Mrs. Dora Edmonds, the Rev. Vincent
Young. Sydney Young, and Reginald Young—and the remain¬
ing five elevenths, upon trust, for his wife, for life, and on her
decease to her five children, in equal shares.
The will (dated April 18, 1873). with four codicils (dated
April (I, 1882 ; Sept. 23, 1884 ; and Jan. 5 and 20, 1888), of Mr.
James Easton, formerly of No. 37, Norfolk-square, Hyde Park,
but late of No. 44, Prince’s-gardens, a member of the firm of
Easton and Anderson, civil engineers, of Whitehall-place and
Erith. who died on Aug. 28. was proved on Oct. 17 by John
Easton, M.D. (the brother), John Edward Compton Bracebridge,
and Charles Thomas Arnold, the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £91,000. The
testator be jueaths £3000 to each of his children ; annuities of
£100 each to bis sisters-in-law Louisa, Mary, and Margaret
during the life of their uncle John Chambers ; and £500 and
his household furniture, plate, jewels, See., to his wife, Mrs.
Anne Devonshire Easton. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life; but in the
event of her again marrying she is to receive an annuity of
£ Vk), and subject thereto for his children in equal shares.
The will (dated Oct. 7, 1881) of Mr. George Bramwell, late
of 73, Chester-square, Pimlico, who died on Sept. 15 lost, was
proved on Oct. 13 by Miss Emma Bramwell and Miss Cecilia
Bramwell, the daughters and executrixes, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £57,000. The testator
states that he has made settlements on his four children,
George, Blanche, Mrs. Alice Mary Rae, and Mrs. Frances
Rawdon, and under the powers contained in his marriage
settlement, assigned to the trustees of the settlements of Mrs.
Rae and Mrs. Rawdon (subject to the life interest of his wife)
two fifths of the funds therein named. He bequeaths, sub¬
ject as aforesaid, the remaining three fifths of the said funds,
and also his leasehold house, and the furniture, plate, Ac.,
therein, to his two daughters, Emma and Cecilia ; an annuity
of £14() to his daughter Agnes, and £250 to his wife, Mrs.
Mary Spark Bramwell. The residue of his real and personal
estates he leaves between his said two daughters, Emma and
Cecilia, but charged with any amounts he may have, during
his lifetime, covenanted to pay to his other children.
The will (dated Oct. 11, 1886) of Mr. Thomas Christopher
Burrow, late of Bnckstoue House, near Barton, Westmorland,
who died on June 14 last, was proved in the Lancaster District
Registry, on Sept. 4, by Robert Carlyle, the surviving executor,
the value of the personal estate exceeding £46,000. The
testator devises part of his real estate, including his residence,
upon trust, for his sister, for life, and then to Anne Burrow ;
and the other part thereof, upon trust, for Robert Sanders
Bateson, and at his death to Mary Brooks. He bequeaths
£ 1000 each to Mary Ann Wishart, Mary Wishart, Elizabeth
Wishart, Anne Moses, Isabella Carlyle, William Carlyle, Mary
Brooks, and the Rev. William De Bomville ; and £500 each to
Robert Sanders Bateson and the widow of Anthony Bateson.
The residue of his property he leaves to the above-mentioned
legatees in proportion to their legacies.
The will (dated March 4, 1885), with four codicils (dated
March 31 and June 6,1885 ; June 25, 1886 ; and July 12, 1887),
of Mr. Philip Richard Falkner, late of Upton Hall, Upton,
Nottinghamshire, who died on May 19, was proved on Oct. 16
by Evelyn Sherard Falkner, the son. the Rev. William James
Peacock, Sir William Henry Houldsivorth, Bart., and Lucas
Brodhurst. the executors, the value of the personal estate ex¬
ceeding £41,o00. The testator gives £50 each to the British
and Foreign Bible Society and the Church Missionary Society;
and large legacies to his children (in addition to settlements
made on them in his lifetime), clerks, and servants. He
devises his Manor of North Scarle, Lincolnshire, with the
mines, minerals, chief rents, cottages, See., and his mansion at
Newark-npon-Trent, to his son Evelyn Sherard Falkner. The
residue of his property he leaves, as to two twentieths, to his
daughter Jane Houldsworth Browne ; six twentieths to his
son Evelyn ; seven twentieths to his son Alfred Sydney ; four
twentieths between his daughter Margaret Ann Peacock and
her husband, the Rev. William James Peacock ; and the
remaining one twentieth to Lucas Brodhurst.
The will (dated June 24, 1885) of Mr. John Joseph
Reynolds, J.P., late of No. 14. Dorset-sqnare and Hereford, who
died on Aug. i? last, at The Shafberg. in the Salzkammergut
District, Austria, was proved on Oct. 15 . by Mrs. Maria
Reynolds, the widow, and Mr. Charles Hardwick, the executors,
the value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of
£34,000. The testator bequeaths £100 each to Anne Hard¬
wick, Charles Hardwick, and Emma Hardwick ; £50 each to
Alice Reynolds and William Allen ; and all his furniture and
household effects to his wife. The residue of his re.al and
personal estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay £420 per annum
to his wife so long as she shall remain his widow, or until his
youngest child attains the age of twenty-one; and, upon
farther trust, out of the remainder of the income to educate
and maintain his children. On the coming of age of his
yonngest child he gives to his wife, in lieu of the annual pay¬
ment, a sum of £6000 if unmarried, and £3000 if married;
and the ultimate residue to his children, in equal shares.
The will (dated Jan. 24, 1883), with two codicils (dated
May 21, 1883 ; and Jan. 14, 1887), of Mr. William Adam, late
of No. 3, Tenterden-sfcreefc, Hanover-square, who died on
July 27 last, at Forfar, was proved on Oct. 11 by Robert
Whyte, the nephew, and James Guthrie, the executors, the
value of the personal estate exceeding £29.000. The testator
bequeaths £500 each to St. George's Hospital (Hyde Park-
comer), King’s College Hospital, the Middlesex Hospital, St.
Mary’s Hospital (Paddington), and Charing-Cross Hospital;
£600 to the Hospital for Incurables (Putney) ; £400 to the
Association for the General Welfare of the Blind : £300 each
to the Hospital for Epilepsy and Paralysis (Regent's Park),
St. Thomas's Hospital, the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat
(Golden-square), the infirmary at Forfar, and the Cancer
Hospital (Brompfcon) ; £200 to St. John’s Episcopal Church
(Forfar) ; £ 1000 each to his sister, Margaret Whyte, and her
ART NOTES.
At the Hanover Gallery (47, New Bond - street) Messrs.
Hollender and Cremetti have brought together a more than
usually interesting collection of cabinet pictnres, chiefly by
artists of the French school. As they do not limit themselves
to the works painted within the last year or two, we are
enabled to judge of the French school in a catholic spirit, and
to contrast the widely different aims of men like Corot, Diaz,
Roy bet, J. F. Millet, and of that talented lady, Rosa Bonheur!
From her we have the well-known “ Troupeau de MoutonB,”
with its strong effects of light and shadow—a characteristic
work in all respects, and more attractive than Millet’s
“ D6nicheurs ”—peasants or poachers knocking down from
their roosting-places the birds suddenly awakened by blazing
torches. The lady who paints under the name of A. Brandeis
sends a number of clever miniature studies of Venice, of which
we may say that the smallest are invariably the best; and Mr.
Gilbert Manger is almost as fertile in his productions of
sylvan and riverside sketches in the valley of the Seine.
Amongst the other exhibitors may be named Messrs. De Haas,
Th. Weber, Madrazo, A. Stevens, Lybaerb (his “ Caligula ” is
a masterpiece of colour), Mellery, and Backhuysen, who in¬
herits more than the name of his possible ancestor.
Miss Dora Noyes, who has already gained notice by her
pictures, chiefly of peasant life, at the Royal Academy, the
Institute, and elsewhere, has just completed a set of paintings
for the reredos for St. Lake’s Church, in the Uxbridge-road.
The lateral panels exhibit the Nativity and the Iload to
Calvary, respectively ; and the centre, which is flanked by two
figures of St. Luke, as the physician and the artist, represents
the Lamb, bearing a red-cross banner, surrounded by angels
and cherubs. In the figure of the Virgin-Mother, Miss Noyes
has been especially successful ; and into the treatment
of the two scenes — the morning and evening of the
Saviour’s life — she has infused a spirit of poetry and
sentiment which is deserving of high praise. The more con¬
ventional figures of the cherubs, on a gold ground, have pre¬
sented difficulties to an artist who has wished to avoid a slavish
imitation of Fra Angelico, and it must be admitted that Mis9
Noyes has acquitted herself with credit. The competition was
open to the public, and the trustees of St. Luke’s Church are to
be congratulated on the selection they made. The reredos will
be placed in the church in the course of the week.
The Home for Crippled Boys, Kensington, has received
£250 from the executors of the late Miss Louisa McKellar.
Mi*. S. D. Muttlebury, of the third Trinity Boat Club, has
been elected president of the Cambridge Boat Clnb, which office
he held last spring.
Mr. Henry Irving, on Oct. 17, laid the memorial-stone of
the new Theatre Royal, Bolton, in the place of the old building,
which was destroyed in January last by an incendiary fire.
Subsequently the visitor was entertained at a public banquet,
and, in responding to the toast of his health, spoke of the
services which the drama had rendered to humanity.
TyrAPLE and CO., Manufacturers of
I H \ I N'li-IK >( »\I I'TItMTCUK. I ll,* Imi-, ,1 i-
ino:it to choose from, as well as the bo*t possible? value.
Throe more houses have Just been Added to tills important
depirtinent. Half a century's reputation.
MAPLE and CO.’S NEW SPECIMEN
DI MM; in n ».\|>..I,.;,n i fniiy appointed with
furniture In pollard oak, brown oak, Chip|*endnle mahogany,
antique carved oak, American walnut, and other woods, are
now open to the public, ami should be seen by all intending
purchasers.
fpHESE ROOMS are not only helpful as
showing the effect of the furniture when arranged in an
apartment, but nlso most suggestive as regards decorative
treatment, as well as a guide to the entire cost of furnishing
In any selected style.
MAPLE L CO
T0TTENHAM-C0URT-R0AD, LONDON, W.
THE LARGEST AND MOST CONVENIENT
FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENT
IN THE WORLD.
THE SEVILLE LADY’S EASY CHAIR,
In Saddlebags of rich Persian design and colourings, mounted
on velvet, JE3 l*s.
DINING-ROOM FURNITURE.
TVTAPLE and GO. devote special attention
i" i In- production of high-class DINING-ROOM
FURNITURE that will nffonl permanent satisfaction In
wear. The numerous recommendation* with Which Messrs.
Maple an l Co, have been favoured by customers who have
used tho furniture for year* Is a pleasing testimony to the
excellence of the articles.
MAPLE and CO.-DIN ING-ROOM
M SI/ITK8. -The LlCHKIKhD SUITE. In solid oak,
walnut, or mahogany, consisting of six small and two elbow
chairs In leather, dining table with patent screw, also Karly
Kiigllsh sideboard with plate glass back; and fitted with
cellaret, 18 guineas.
MAPLE and CO.-DINING-ROOM
"*■ sriTKS.—The STAFFORD SUITE, comprising six
small chain*, two easy chairs In leather, telescope dining
table. •Mel‘".ird with plate glass back anil cellaret, ami dinner
waggon. In light or dark oak, walnut or ash; vory substantial
In character; 23 guineas.
FURNITURE for exportation.
yriSITORS as well as MERCHANTS are
* INVITED M INSPECT Ihc largest FURNISHING
ESTABLISHMENT In the world. Hundred* of Thousand*
of l-nnnibr worth of Knrnllnrr, Bedsteads. Cnnwt*. Pur mins,
Icc.. >11 ready for Immediate shipment. Having largo space, all
ifoo 1. nre packed on the premises by experienced jiackers—
eery contlal when good* ace lor cx|»rtatlnn so »» uj lino re
ate dellrery. The repntatkiu of half a century.
INDIAN CARPETS.
INDIAN CARPETS AT
IMPORTERS* PRICES.—MAPI,E Ml. receive
All the Fin,'At QlMlitic* of INDIAN PAR PETS duel I
TVTAPLE and CO. have also a great
iiiimlicr of really flue Indian » ;iri*<*ilin-ii-mimr
about 13ft. )»y 9ft., which they arc ntferitiK at the low
price of 7 guinea-*, as well n- a varied su^orum-m uf
other ttm-sat proportionate priot-t*.
PERSIAN CARPETS AT
* IMPORTERS'PKM’KS, -All t)«**(-to>odi*nre l-murl.t
by 3MPLK and CO.'S Agents in Pi-rsia. and sold'at,
Importer*' Prices, thus saving purchasers of Persian
Carpets at least two Intermediate profits.
TO BUYERS of ORIENTAL
PAIiPETS.-MAPLE an,I CO. nlTer . xe.-i.t i.mnl
TURKEY CARPETS.
Jy TURKEY CARPET is, above
the ir*> Mt iKste mill roiiifortuhlc eircnin*lancoa of it*
TURKEY CARPETS AT
• nl) ill. Ijiroct Inii.irtir- ,.f TtRKEV CARPET*.
]yjAPLE and CO.- PARQUETERIE
]\JAPLEand CO -PARQUETERIE
THE SEVILLE SUITE IN SADDLEBAGS AND VELVET.
JiUS Siiiii,, Persian Design and Coverings, mounted on
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by TTUNDREDS of THOUSANDS of
p * Vai, ' ,y il*'^ ,lron ' ^ FOUND** WORTH of Manufactured GOODS
M naif »century. Fact'
MAPLE & CO., London, Paris, Smyrna, & 134, Calle Florida, Bnenos Ayres.
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
* LA Ah« dntment to her Majesty the Queen. The system
of business Ih as established fifty years ago—namely, small
profit- on large returns for net cash. Acres of show-rooms
for the display of firat-class manufactured furniture.
MAPLE’S FURNISHING STORES are
,ATA the largest in the world, and one of the sights of
London. Acres of show-rooms. The highest cluss of furni¬
ture, carpets, ami curtain materials. Novelties every day
from ;ilI par!.- "f tin* uluho. Haifa century's; reputation.
TVTAPLE and CO., Timber Merchants and
■ L, ‘ L direct ini|Hirn-is nf the linr-t Wood.', .M.iiml.i' ii ,ji j-
of Dining-Room and other Furniture by steam i*>wer mid
improved machinery. Tottenham - court - toad. Factories:
Heaumont - place. Kuatoii-roiul : Southampton - buildings ;
me SLVILLE CENT.’S LAST CHAIR,
In Saddlebags of rich Fenian design anil colonrings, mounted
on velvet, £6 10s.
BED-ROOM SUITES.
500 IN STOCK.
MAPLE and CO.-BED-ROOM SUITES.
The WHITBY SUITE, In si,lid ash or walnut,
consisting of wardrobe with plate-glass door, toilet tab 0
with gloss affixed, washsRUKl with nim ble top and tilo back,
pedestal cupbonrd, nnd three chutes, £10 15s. Illnstratlon
MAPLE and CO.—BED-ROOM SUITES.
The .SCARBOROUGH SUITE, in solid ash or walnut,
including wardrobe with platc-glfu* doors, and new-shaped
withstand, £12 15s.; or. with bedstead and spring bedding,
£1710s. Designs and full particulars tree.
MAPLE and CO.—BEDSTEADS.
MAPLE and CO. have seldom less than
Ton Thousand BEDSTEADS in stock, comprising
some 600 various patterns, In Blzes from Sft. 6 In. to 6 It. 6 In.
wide, ready for immediate dellrery—on the day of ptirenare,
it desired. The disappointment azid delay incident to choosing
from designs only, where but a limited stock is kept, is thus
avoided. __
POSTAL ORDER DEPARTMENT.
* Messrs. MAPLE and CO. beg respectfully to state that
this department la now so organised that they are f ,jJ, y pre¬
pared to execute and supply any article that can jtosxlbl v be
required In Furnishing, at the same price. If not less, than
any other house in England. JPattcms sent and quotations
given free of charge.
OCT. 27, 1SSS
THE ILLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
501
corn/
Vti<ynie£c7rw*i tfunfe/ tAooto
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 27, 1888
daughters, Margaret and Elizabeth ; £1300 to bis niece, Annie
Whyte; £1500 to his nephew Robert Whyte; £I000 to his
nephew George Whyte ; £600 to John Whyte ; £500 to William
Whyte ; £1500 to Mrs. Charlotte Wilhelmina Whyte; £300 to
each executor, and other legacies to relatives. The residue of
his real and personal estate he leaves to his niece and god¬
child, Mrs. Charlotte Wilhelmina Whyte.
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (as contained in writings marked B and A), with a
codicil, of Mr. Edward Young, J.P., late of Thornleigh. Rteh-
raond-hill, Bournemouth, who died on Aug. 31, at Hoylake.
Cheshire, was proved on Oct. 17 by Mrs. Betsey Young, the
widow, Reginald Yonng, the son, Mrs. Mary Field, tho
daughter, and the Rev. Reginald Gunnery, the executors, the
value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of £ 110,000.
The testator bequeaths £ 100 each to the Church Missionary
Society, the Church Pastoral Aid Society, the Bible Society,
and the Liverpool Scripture-Readers’ Society ; £500, all his
household furniture, plate, &a, consnmable stores, horses, and
carriages to his wife ; £100 each to hia nieces, Emma Barrow
and Elizabeth Woodward : £50 to each executor ; annuities of
£30 each to his sisters Mary Woodward, Anne Young, and
Elizabeth Woods ; and specific gifts of pictures by Sir Joshua
Reynolds, and others, to his children. The residue of his real
and personal estate he leaves as to one eleventh thereof to
each of his children by his former wife—viz., Mrs. Emelyn
Drury, Mrs. Mary Field, Mrs. Dora Edmonds, the Rev. Vincent
Young, Sydney Young, and Reginald Young—and the remain¬
ing five elevenths, upon trust, for his wife, for life, and on her
decease to her five children, in equal shares.
The will (dated April 18, 1873), with four codicils (dated
April 6, 1882 ; Sept. 23, 1884 ; and Jan. 5 and 20, 1888), of Mr.
James Easton, formerly of No. 37, Norfolk-sqnare, Hyde Park,
but late of No. 44, Prince’s-gardens, a member of the firm of
Easton and Anderson, civil engineers, of Whibehall-place and
Erith. who died on Aug. 28. was proved on Oct. 17 by John
Easton. M.D. (the brother), John Edward Compton Braccbridge,
and Charles Thomas Arnold, the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £91,000. The
tdstator bejueaths £3000 to each of his children ; annuities of
£100 each to his sisters-in-law Louisa, Mary, and Margaret
during the life of their uncle John Chambers ; and £500 and
his household furniture, plate, jewels, &c., to his wife, Mrs.
Anne Devonshire Easton. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life ; but in the
event of her again marrying she is to receive an annuity of
£ ’>')J, and subject thereto for his children in equal shares.
The will (dated Oct. 7, 1881) of Mr. George Bramwell, late
of 73, Chester-square. Pimlico, who died on Sept. 15 last, was
proved on Oct. 13 by Miss Emma Bramwell and Miss Cecilia
Bramwell, the daughters and executrixes, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £57,000. The testator
states that he has made settlements on his four children,
George, Blanche, Mrs. Alice Mary Rae, and Mrs. Frances
Rawdon, and nnder the powers contained in his marriage
settlement, assigned to the trustees of the settlements of Mrs.
Rae and Mrs. Rawdon (subject to the life interest of his wife)
two fifths of the funds therein named. He bequeaths, sub¬
ject as aforesaid, the remaining three fifths of the said funds,
and also his leasehold house, and the furniture, plate, &c.,
therein, to his two daughters, Emma and Cecilia; an annuity
of £140 to his daughter Agnes, and £250 to his wife, Mrs.
Mary Spark Bramwell. The residue of his real and personal
estates he leaves between his said two daughters, Emma and
Cecilia, but charged with any amounts he may have, during
his lifetime, covenanted to pay to his other children.
The will (dated Oct. 11, 1886) of Mr. Thomas Christopher
Burrow, late of Buckstone House, near Burton, Westmorland,
who died on June 14 last, was proved in the Lancaster District
Registry, on Sept. 4, by Robert Carlyle, the surviving executor,
the value of the personal estate exceeding £40,000. The
testator devises pari of his real estate, including his residence,
upon trust, for his sister, for li fe, and then to Anne Burrow ;
and the other part thereof, upon trust, for Robert Sanders
Bateson, and at his death to Mary Brooks. He bequeaths
£1000 each to Mary Ann Wishart, Mary Wishart, Elizabeth
Wishart, Anne Moses, Isabella Carlyle, William Carlyle, Mary
Brooks, and the Rev. William De Bomville ; and £500 each to
Robert Sanders Bateson and the widow of Anthony Bateson.
The residue of his property he leaves to the above-mentioned
legatees in proportion to their legacies.
The will (dated March 4. 1885), with four codicils (dated
March 31 and June 6,1885 ; Juno 25,1886 ; and July 12, 1887),
of Mr. Philip Richard Falkner, late of Upton Hall, Upton,
Nottinghamshire, who died on May 19, was proved on Oct. 16
by Evelyn Sherard Falkner, the son. the Rev. William James
Peacock. Sir William Henry Ilouldsworth, Bart., and Lucas
Brodhurst, the executors, the value of the personal estate ex¬
ceeding £41,000. The testator gives £50 each to the British
and Foreign Bible Society and the Church Missionary Society;
and large legacies to his children (in addition to settlements
made on them in his lifetime), clerks, and servants. He
devises his Manor of North Scarle, Lincolnshire, with the
mines, minerals, chief rents, cottages, 6c c., and his mansion at
Newark-upon-Trent, to his son Evelyn Sherard Falkner. The
residue of his property he leaves, as to two twentieths, to his
daughter Jane Houldsworth Browne; six twentieths to his
son "Evelyn ; seven twentieths to his son Alfred Sydney ; four
twentieths between his daughter Margaret Ann Peacock and
her husband, the Rev. William James Peacock ; and the
remaining one twentieth to Lucas Brodhurst.
The will (dated June 24, 1885) of Mr. John Joseph
Reynolds, J.P., late of No. 14, Dorset-square and Hereford, who
died on Aug. 17 last, at The Shafberg, in the Salzkammergut
District, Austria, was proved on Oct. 15 by Mrs. Maria
Reynolds, the widow, and Mr. Charles Hardwick, the executors,
the value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of
£34,000. The testator bequeaths £100 each to Anne Hard¬
wick, Charles Hardwick, and Emma Hardwick ; £50 each to
Alice Reynolds and William Allen ; and all his furniture and
household effects to his wife. The residue of his real and
personal estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay £420 per annum
to his wife so long as she shall remain his widow, or until his
youngest child attains the age of twenty-one; and, upon
further trust, out of the remainder of the income to educate
and maintain his children. On the coming of age of his
youngest child he gives to his wife, in lieu of the annual pay¬
ment, a sum of £6000 if unmarried, and £3000 if married ;
and the ultimate residue to his children, in equal shares.
The will (dated Jan. 24, 1883), with two codicils (dated
May 21, 1883 ; ahd Jan. 14, 1887), of Mr. William Adam, late
of No. 3, Tenterden-sbreet, Hanover-square, who died on
July 27 last, at Forfar, was proved on Oct. 11 by Robert
Whyte, the nephew, and James Guthrie, the executors, the
value of the personal estate exceeding £29,000. The testator
bequeaths £500 each to St. George’s Hospital (Hyde Park-
corner), King's College Hospital, the Middlesex Hospital, St.
Mary’s Hospital (Paddington), and Charing-Cross Hospital;
£600 to the Hospital for Incnrables (Putney) ; £400 to the
Association for the General Welfare of the Blind ; £300 each
to the Hospital for Epilepsy and Paralysis (Regent’s Park),
St. Thomas's Hospital, the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat
(Golden-square), the infirmary at Forfar, and the Cancer
Hospital (Brompton) ; £200 to St. John's Episcopal Church
(Forfar) ; £ LOCK) each to his sister, Margaret Whyte, and her
ART NOTES.
At the Hanover Gallery (47, New Bond - street) Messrs.
Hollender and Cremetti have brought together a more than
usually interesting collection of cabinet pictures, chiefly by
artists of the French school. As they do not limit themselves
to the works painted within the last year or two, we are
enabled to judge of the French school in a catholic spirit, and
to contrast the widely different aims of men like Corot, Diaz,
Roybet, J. F. Millet, and of that talented lady, Rosa Bonheur.
From her we have the well-known “ Troupeau de Moutons;’
with its strong effects of light and shadow—a characteristic
work in all respects, and more attractive than Millet’s
“ Dcnicheurs ”—peasants or poachers knocking down from
their roosting-places the birds suddenly awakened by blazing
torches. The lady who paints under the name of A. Brandeis
sends a number of clever miniature studies of Venice, of which
we may say that the smallest are invariably the best; and Mr.
Gilbert Monger is almost as fertile in his productions of
sylvan and riverside sketches in the valley of the Seine.
Amongst the other exhibitors may be named Messrs. De Haas,
Th. Weber, Madrazo, A. Stevens, Lybaert (his “ Caligula ” is
a masterpiece of colour), Mellery, and Backhuysen, who in¬
herits more than the name of his possible ancestor.
Miss Dora Noyes, who has already gained notice by her
ictures, chiefly of peasant life, at the Royal Academy, the
nstitufce, and elsewhere, has just completed a set of paintings
for the reredos for St. Luke's Church, in the Uxbridge-road.
The lateral panels exhibit the Nativity and the Road to
Calvary, respectively ; and the centre, which is flanked by two
figures of St. Luke, as the physician and the artist, represents
the Lamb, bearing a red-cross banner, surrounded by angels
and cherubs. In the figure of the Virgin-Mother, Miss Noyes
has been especially successful ; and into the treatment
of the two scenes — the morning and evening of the
Saviour’s life — she has infused a spirit of poetry and
sentiment which is deserving of high praise. The more con¬
ventional figures of the cherubs, on a gold ground, have pre¬
sented difficulties to an artist who has wished to avoid a slavish
imitation of Fra Angelico, and it must be admitted that Miss
Noyes has acquitted herself with credit. The competition was
open to the public, and the trustees of St. Luke’s Church are to
be congratulated on the selection they made. The reredos will
be placed in the church in the coarse of the week.
The Home for Crippled Boys, Kensington, has received
£250 from the executors of the late Miss Louisa McKellar.
Mi'. S. D. Muttlebury, of the third Trinity Boat Club, has
been elected president of the Cambridge Boat Club, which office
he held last spring.
Mr. Henry Irving, on Oct. 17, laid the memorial-stone of
the new Theatre Royal, Bolton, in the place of the old building,
which was destroyed in January last by an incendiary fire.
Subsequently the visitor was entertained at a public banquet,
and, in responding to the toast of his health, spoke of the
services which the drama had rendered to humanity.
THE SEVILLE SETTEE, Persian Design and Coverings, mounted on velvet, £7 10s.
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
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la Saddlebags of rich Persian design and colourings, mounted
on velvet, £3 15s.
DINING-ROOM FURNITURE,
MAPLE and CO. devote special attention
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MAPLE and CO.-DI NING-ROOM
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JiURNITURE FOR EXPORTATION.
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MAPLE & CO., London, Paris, Smyrna, & 134, Calle Florida, Buenos Ayres.
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BED-ROOM SUITES.
500 IN STOCK.
MAPLE and CO.-BED-ROOM SUITES.
“ The W1UTBY Sl'ITK. In «.1M nsh or walnut,
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pedestal cupboard, and three chair*, £10 15s. Illustration
MAPLE and CO.-BED-ROOM SUITES.
X The .SCARBOROUGH SUITE. In nolid nsh or walnut,
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JJAPLE and CO.—BEDSTEADS.
Ten Thousand BEDSTEADS in stock, com pr is I
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POSTAL ORDER DEPARTMENT
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MAPLE and CO., Manufacturers of
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MAPLE and CO. have also a great
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PERSIAN CARPETS AT
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TO BUYERS of ORIENTAL
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THE SEVILLE SUITE IN SADDLEBAGS AND VELVET.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
501
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
502
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Lord Monnfc-Temple’s decease is a great loss to many of the
more gentle charities and humane “ movements ” of the day.
He was always found ready, in company with his now bereaved
lady, to give aid of any kind to attempts to help the suffering
and oppressed. I have not seen in any obituary notice of him
a mention of the fact that the medical education of women
owes its present legal position mainly to Lord Mount-Temple,
who, when he was in the House of Commons, got an Act passed
making it permissible for any examination for a recognised
degree to be thrown open to women, at the option of the
governing bodies granting diplomas. This was rendered
necessary by the decision of the highest Scotch Conrt that the
Sonatus of the University of Edinburgh had no power to admit
women to sit for medical degrees. It was known that some
out of the seventeen doors to the medical profession would be
immediately opened to women if it were once declared to be
legal for the authorities to admit female students, so that a
Permissive Bill would bo, and in fact turned out to be, all that
was required. In this action Lord Mount-Temple was influenced
no le<s by the belief that female doctors would often be a boon
to suffering womanhood than by a desire to give women a free
coarse in life.
His Lordship himself had the advantage (I know that ho
held it so) of being related to women of more than common
distinction and excellence. He was the son of the famous
Lady Palmerston by her first husband, Earl Cowper: and Lady
Mount-Temple is reverenced for her goodness by all who have
the honour of her acquaintance. 11 makes a great difference
to a man of naturally fine disposition when the women belong¬
ing to him are singularly admirablo for wisdom or goodness,
or for moral and intellectual qualities combined.
How do ladies put on their watches now l Amongst the
little changes of fashion that are readily noted by people “ in
the movement,” butare perplexing to those who live quiet lives,
such a little matter as this comes in. The newest of all new
notions in this regard is the outcome of the Directoire fashions
in dress. For the coats and bodices made in that now familiar
and popular style, a watch-pocket, and even a watch tucked
into the bodice, are impossible. The proper thing, therefore,
is to have a tiny pocket put in the skirt, quite near to
the front, but towards the left side, and as high up towards
the waist-band as the short vest will allow. The watch
being snugly placed therein, a short chain hangs over
outside, just as it did from the gentlemen’s fob-pockets
in olden days. At the end of the few inches of gold
chain is either a jewelled or engraved ball of the same
precious metal, or a little cluster of seals and trinkets on a
ring. Similar short chains are used for the wearing of a
watch with an ordinary bodice, only then the timepiece
nestles between two of the fastenings of the dress, and allows
the tiny chainlet to hang its inch or two of length and its
jewelled ball over the bodice. Watch wristlets of leather or
bracelets of gold and silver, enclosing the timepiece in the
centre, are a good deal worn, too.
Another new fashion. There prevails in town just now a
modern and approved method of shaking hands, the which
if you are ignorant of, you receive a sort of electric shock on
greeting by an initiate. This silly salntation a la mode is
achieved by elevating the right elbow ns high in the
air os possible and delivering the one or two short
abrupt shakes which alone are then convenient as near the
level of the chin as may be. Only remember, if your hand
is opposite your chin your elbow must be as high as your ear !
This amiable and elegant vagary of fashion does not, of
course, commend itself to the elder and the more highly-
placed fraction of society. It is simply one of those shib¬
boleths, like the talking of a peculiar and ever-changing
slang, and wearing of “ the newest things out” as rigidly as
though they were a uniform, by which a certain large but
rather feeble-minded class of folk strive to obtain and to
confer a sort of distinction that they are well aware their
own social and personal merits will not award to them. It is
the kind of persons who a couple of years ago spoke of
"swells” and now always talk of “smart people”; who call
their dresses “ frockB ” one season and “ gowns” the next; who
scarify their chins with “ masher” collars, or who (if of the
other sex) wear “ the colour of the year,” however unsuited to
their complexions ; w hose hair is smooth and dark when they
are twenty years old, and becomes fair and crimpled when
they are tw'enty-five, or the other way round, according as
“ the style ” may be—this large class of social sheep it is who
arc indulging in the latest fashion in handshakes.
Mrs. Frances Hodgson Burnett has sailed for the land of
her adoption : for such America is, she being by birth and
bringing-up English ; by marriage and residence American.
The day before she sailed, the presentation was made to her of
an address from her brother and sister novelists, to which I
referred when it was in embryo. The address was signed by
nearly a hundred authors. It thanked her for the protection
which she had secured for novelists, preventing a waiter’s plot
and language being turned into a drama without his consent;
and these pretty words were accompanied by a gift of a
OCT. 27, 188$
diamond bracelet. Mrs. Burnett, in her reply, hod the tact
and good sense to recognise that the whole affair, though
graceful and justifiable enough, was really an instance of the
truth of the severe prophecy—“ Men shall speak well of thee
if thou doest good unto thyself.” She says that she was
encouraged in her legal struggle to prohibit the representation
of a pirated version of “Little Lord Fauntleroy” by the
reflection that even if she failed she would have drawn
attention to that grievance of novelists : “ but to have been
allowed to aid through success, and to receive such a generous
tribute of sympathy, is to be fortunate indeed.”
The private view on Oct. 20 of the Pastel Exhibition at the
Grosvenor Gallery showed that, though the fashionable world
still does not think fit to show its presence in town, literary
and artistic London is quite full. The most striking figure nt
the private view was Mrs. Bernard-Beere, who looked perfectly
charming in a grey faille frangaise Directoire coat, with
white silk front and cut-steel buttons, and a big brend-
brimmed hat almost covered with white and grey plumes, and
having one of the new long white feather boas hanging from
the back and twisted two or three times round the throat. A
pretty costume was of black silk with epaulettes of alternate
gold and jet fringes, and a band of trimming to match passing
right across the shoulders back and front—quite an old fashion
revived. Cloth dresses were the most general wear. Lady
artists are excellently represented on the walls, pastel draw¬
ing, which is done with coloured chalk used dry, appearing to
suit them. Mrs. Jopling has one of her fine frank women's
heads, Miss Hilda Montalba a capital study of a middle-aged
lady, and Miss Elizabeth Armstrong some good country figures
and scenes. The most remarkable contributions from
a woman, however, are several works by Mdlle. Anna
Belinska —strong and individual and realistic to a degree.
This lady had a striking painting at the Academy two years
ago. which attracted the attention of many good judges by
its force and realism, tbongh it was the reverse of lovely. Every¬
body interested in female art should look at Mdlle. Beliin-ka’s
pastels. Florence Fenwick-Miller.
Sir Arthur Sullivan gave the presidential address and pre¬
sented the prizes, in connection with the Birmingham and
Midland Institute, on Oct.19. He took “Music” as his subject.
The Bishop of Bedford has acknowledged the receipt of
£100 3s. from Mr. Richard Mansfield, being the result of the
benefit given at the Lyceum Theatre on Oct. 19 in aid of the
Home and Refuge Fond.
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503
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OCT. 27. 1888
504
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE (JROSVENOR GALLERY.
The exhibition with which Sir Coutts Lindsay proposes to fill
up the interval between now and the date of the ordinary
winter exhibition has at all events the merit of novelty. No¬
thing of the sort has, we believe, been attempted before in this
country ; and we may congratulate both the manager of, and
contributors to, the present exhibition on the ease and rapidity
with which they have adopted and revived a branch of art
which, except in a few hands, has in this country at least
fallen into neglect. The limits of pastel-painting, if we may
use the term, leave little room for anything more than the
display of certain technical skill, which we gather comes
almost naturally, though in different degrees, to every painter in
oils or water-colours. Further than the production of a certain
surface it seems difficult to go—and consequently the pictures,
chiefly portraits, must be wanting in dramatic expression.
The art of the “ pastellistes," a recognised body in French
art, is so little known in this country, that we may be excused
if we briefly refer to its history—of which we hasten to add
very little is known with certainty; for whilst some
authorities refer it back to the ancient Egyptians, others
assort, with no less confidence, that it was never practised, as a
recognised form of art, until the early part of the last century.
Pastels hold a sort of middle place between drawings
and painted pictures. They are executed with coloured
pencils on rough paper, and occasionally on specially prepared
canvas. Three sorts of pencils are usually employed by artists
in this work—hard and medium ones for the outline and more
strongly-marked traits ; and soft ones, of which the chalk is
crumbled and spread with the finger, so that the result is, in
fact, nothing more than a light coating of coloured dust,
which adheres more or less to the paper. The perishable
nature of all pastels has been recognised by artists of all times
and in all countries, and many attempts have been made to
fix their work ; and in Italy paper is specially prepared with
marble powder rubbed into the surface, which has the quality
of attaching the ebalk subsequently applied. In spite, how¬
ever, of the difficulties which would seem to stand in the way
of making pastels permanent, there are numerous collections
of the highest interest both in this country and on the
Continent. At Castle Howard, at Windsor, and at Wilton
House are to be found specimens which certainly date from
the sixteenth century, and in many cases the colours are
fresh and the likenesses well preserved. Most of these works
are attributed to French artists, but there is little doubt that
Holbein also worked with this medium. Historically, how¬
ever. the invention of pastel-painting is attributed by most
authorities to the Germans—the honour being divided
between two ladies of Dantzig, Madame Vernerin and Frau-
lein Hcid, and Herr Thiele, of Erfurt, all of whom lived
in the first half of the eighteenth century. The Louvre
contains some portraits of the kind which go back to
the times of Charles IX., although it was not until after the
accession of Louis XV. that the pastellistes became fashion¬
able, and were songht after by the ladies of the Court who
desired to sit for their portraits. Amongst the artists of that
time Maurice Quentin de la Tour was the most noteworthy,
and after him may bo mentioned Vivien, Liotard, Russel-
Xattier, Vigee, Grenzc, and others. Amongst the Italians the
works of the Venetian lady Rosalba Camera are the most
sought after by amateurs ; and those of Lnndberg among the
Germans. Amongst the modern artists in this style are Fless,
Bouquet, Riesener, Vidal, &c. ; and among contemporaries we
may mention Madame de Leomenil, M. Perrogis, M. Steuben,
and Mdlle. Ailain.
Of these pastellistes there are no specimens at the Gros-
venor Gallery ; but, for all that, the French school is strongly
represented in both its realistic and impressionist phases,
although, as Frenchmen, they will scarcely be gratified at
the attention and well-deserved admiration which Mr. Otto
Scholderer’s “ Master Victor” (38) will obtain—a delightful boy
in a Cavalier suit standing firmly on his little legs, and looking
every inch a boy of force and character. If we compare this
with M. J. E. Blanche’s most effective work, the portrait of
Donna Olga Caracciolo (21) in a brown frock and white spotted
pinafore—the stiffness of which is a parody rather than a
triumph of realism—we must feel that the less affected school
of which Herr Scholderer is a disciple produces the pleasanter
impression. In absolute technique, possibly M. Blanche is far
above all other competitors. His portrait of Mdlle. Bartet (52)
shows what he can achieve with simple black and white, and, it
must be added, what the lady also—well known as an actress—
can do with very simple materials. It is, at the same time,
disfigured by the repetition of the same curves throughout the
whole of the drapery ; and by the still greater fault of making
the lady in all respects subordinate to her clothes. With
another portrait (153), a young lady in a painfully ugly pink
dress, the same fault cannot be found. M. Machard is another
recognised master in pastels amongst onr neighbours, and he
excels in flesh colour, with a slight exaggeration of its green
reflections, as seen in his‘• Juno” (28) and “Soap Bubbles”
(20), where the figure, however, is admirable in pose. It
requires a long apprenticeship to foreign art—and, we may
add, to foreign climate—to appreciate M. P. Roll’s not very
elegant nor gracefully-proportioned nymphs “ Resting” (44)
and “Bathing” (60) ; and we honestly confess our in¬
ability to discover wherein the heanty of such work resides.
We infinitely prefer M. Dubufe’s portrait of a lady (23) in
black, where the surface of the flesh is produced with far
greater regard to truth, and is far more complimentary to
the lady ; and in his other smaller work, a study of a boy’s
head (14). the colour is stronger and the expression of character
more strongly marked. M. Emile Levy’s portrait of his daughter
(25), and that, apparently, of his wife (90), and of Madame D.
(249); Madame Louise Abbema’s portrait of M. Paul Mantz
(163), Theodore Roussel's admirable “ Pierrot ” (174), a true
harmony in white, are amongst the best figure pictures
of the foreign school. The impressionists — who, for the
most part, are brought together in the East Gallery—
must be judged by another standard ; but their principal
exponent, Mr. P. Helleu, is not seen at his best in his “Spanish
Lady ” (148), clever though it be, or by the “ Young Lady ”
(150) in evening dress. Of the more intricate difficulties
which landscapes and groups offer to the pastellist we have some
very interesting examples—especially “The Sunset” (75) and
“ Le Rocher du Dombier ” (77), by M. Pointelin ; M. Monte-
nard’s “ Road in the South of France ” (22), and M. Ldon
Lhermitfce’s “Confirmation Day” (6), Mr. J. L. Brown's
“Battle-field” (73), strewn with dead horses, and his less
gruesome “Hunting-Scene” (167). We should not, perhaps,
quit the French school without mentioning the name of
Mdlle. Anna Belinska, whose numerous works show a very
decided individuality, which, in many cases, has no sympathy
with French art. She is always firm and vigorous, and some¬
times as uncompromising in colour as in pose.
Another lady, who is well represented in this exhi¬
bition, Miss Elizabeth Armstrong, also belongs to two
schools. In sentiment she is thoroughly English, but in
her treatment of colour she is ultra-French, as seen in “One,
two, three, and away we go ” (43), a band of merry children in
full sunlight playing in the fields; and again in the “ Maids in the
Garden hanging out the Clothes ” (58). In these and other works
Miss Armstrong pushes pastel-work to such an extreme that
we are inclined to ask why they were not painted in oils, which
would have given her far more freedom, and permitted greater
finish ? But amongst the English exhibitors Mr. George
Clausen deserves almost, if not quite, the foremost place. In
“ The Harrow ” (39), although too obviously a reminiscence
of F. J. Millet, there is a delicacy of touch combined with an
honest rendering of nature, which stamps it as a true work of
art; and we meet these characteristics again in his “ Child’s
Portrait ” (178) and the “ Girl’s Head ” (210). It is difficult to
fix accurately Mr. Hubert Vos’s nationality, but he has settled
himself amongst us, and we are only too glad to welcome so
accomplished an artist. His skill in rendering attractive the
somewhat attenuated Mdlle. De Staal (12) shows no less
cleverness than his thoroughly French rendering of such pre¬
eminently English scenery as is to be found in the neigh¬
bourhood of Porlock (36). Mr. Vos has also two “political”
pastel “Home Rulers” (139) and “ In * Dreamland” (233),
which will attract notice. Mr. W. Llewellyn’s “Waiting” (37),
a lady dressed for a walk in a green dress against a green back¬
ground, is tecs chic, and the success which the artist has
achieved justifies his boldness ; and with it we may compare
Mr. Jacomb Hood’s “ Lady Artist ” (57) and Mr. George Hare’s
portrait of Madame H. (65), both of which show great
refinement as well as deftness in manipulation. Mr. Whistler
and Mr. Holman Hunt, essentially different in their use
of pastel, belong to an older school of w orkers; but
we scarcely think the latter’s portrait of Mr. T. Coombe (78)
will provoke admiration, for it lacks that quality of colour in
which Mr. Holman Hunt excels. Mr. Whistler is as delicate
as ever in his little bits of Venice, of which, by-the-way, we
seem to have seen some at his own exhibition a year or two
back. If this be so, it is only fair to say that they have not
deteriorated by keeping ; and if they are fresh fruit from his
store, we can honestly compliment him on maintaining his high
position amongst contemporary “ pastellistes.” Mr. Solomon
I. Solomon’s full-length portrait of Miss Ethel Wright (72),
which occupies one of the places of honour in the large
gallery, in spite of its cleverness, betrays too much effort to
obtain a simple result, and. like Mr. J. J. Shannon, he seems to
have taken to this style of work almost en depit de Ini-mem e.
In fact, when we look through the catalogue and recognise
the familiar names of those who have achieved a reputation
in oils and water colours, without once, so far as the public
knows, suspecting their own talent for pastel, one is inclined
to be a little sceptical of the spontaneity of much of their work.
In time, doubtless, we shall see the English school take its
place, and possibly it will distinguish itself by some special
features; but at present the artists in pastel, for the most part,
are imitators of the French, or simply bring to their easel the
ideas and aims which inspired them when at work in oils or
water colours. We do not say this in any depreciation of the
exhibition or of its object. Many of those who Bend works are
deserving of high praise, and amongst such we may name Mr.
W. E. F. Britten, Mrs. Stokes, Miss E. M. Osborne, Miss Florence
Small, and others. It is, perhaps, needless to add that Mr.
William Stott, of Oldham, finds in pastel-work an admirable
means of filling his frames with wide expanse of sand and
water ; but the result is hardly more attractive, to the initiated,
than in his more ordinary medium. In conclusion, we should
say one word of commendation for the admirable hanging of
the rooms. M. Deschamps has shown not only judgment, but
excellent taste, in the grouping of English and French artists ;
and, whilst keeping in view the general effect, he has managed
to do full justice to the claims of individual works.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OCT. 27, 1888
THE PLAYHOUSES.
On Saturday, Oct. 20, a new theatre was opened, and, luckily,
without any mishap. The iwiint was dry, the staircases suited,
nobody bail got wet outaide—for the very good reason that the
night was uncommonly fine—no rights had been abused, and
no privileges taken away : and the success of the new Shaftes¬
bury Theatre was acknowledged without one dissentient voice.
The* pit was so large and excellent; the architectural arrange¬
ments and improvement* so good, thanks to clever Mr. Phipps :
the refreshments, served by the management itself, of snch good
quality, that it would have been ungracious indeed to bait an
author, to groan at an iron curtain, or to attack the defence¬
less. All went off with flying colours, so far as the manage¬
ment was concerned ; and though the entertainment itself was
a little tedious and lasted until close upon midnight, there
was a cheer still left for that excellent Lancashire man. Mr.
Lancaster, who was cordially summoned, and brought on
smiling by his charming wife, Miss Wallis. The play selected
was ** As You Like It,” the one particular poem by Shakspeare
that requires, not only an intelligent direction.but a guiding hand
and brain not wholly destituteof poetry, imagination, and fancy.
Something more than smart dresses, silks and satins, gorgeous
foresters and elaborate courtiers is needed to do justice to
"As You Like It.” We want first the heart and soul—the
breathing spirit of the play. In a certain sense this can be
supplied by an intelligent director: the poetic weakness of
the company can he in a measure concealed by the scene-
painter and decorator. For instance, one can conceive how
" As Yon Like It” would ho presented at the Lycenm with
Mr. Hawes Craven to revel on the woodland pictures, with
Mr. Irving to direct—and oh! if it were possible to play not
Touchstone but Juqucs—and, best of all. with Miss Ellen Terry
ns Rosalind. That, of course, would be something like an
ideal revival; hut we must not banish the play from the stage
because it is not always presented as the mind can picture it.
In this instance, however, most unfortunately, very few en¬
gaged in the preparation of the play scein to understand the
dominant idea of the poem : they, one and all, get away
from Shakspeare and the text ns far as they possibly
can. The scene - painter considers that the wild carol of
an English springtime is to he depressed with the fading
leaves and intense melancholy of autumn ; ho makes
Rosalind and Orlando wander under beech-trees whose
yellow leaves are scattered on the ground ; the designer of
costumes, being an Italian, naturally goes as far away from
England and English characteristic dresses as he possibly can.
We all desire to get back to Shakspeare'* day and the English
woods of Warwickshire; to imagine this fantastic scene rs
Shakspeare imagined it; but the decorator, with his dresses,
drives ns away from England as far as possible, and
arrests the imagination. An incongruous mixture is the
result. Wo have foresters who look like court cards, and
peasants the least picturesque ever presented ; and castles of
modeln design, surrounded by the newest Hampton-Court
rihbou beds ; and old Adam issuing from a modern villa that
might have been built yesterday at Biixton or Balham. It
will be said that these are very small matters : on the contrary,
they are most important things when an attempt is made to
stimulate the imagination, and to suggest an atmosphere of
poetry. Some may consider it a very insignificant thing
whether or not Thebe or Silvius look pretty or ugly. It is
apparently the object of the decorator to make them hideous.
He swathes them in clothes and oppresses them with bandages.
Thebe looks as if she had just come from a day’s washing ;
and Silvias appears to be attired for an Arctic expedition. They
have so many wraps on them—poor creatures !—that they can
scarce! v waddle. I’hebe looks. thanks to the clever designer, five
times her age; and Silvias might be, apart from his young voice,-
a veritable Methuselah. Now. here we maintain that the sup¬
posed realism, or scheme of design, or whatever it may be,
positively destroys the pleasure of the play, and is as inimical
to the success of the actor. The idea of the poet is to make
Phebe and Silvias a pretty pastoral pair. They ought to be
romantic and charming. Far better see them dressed up as
Dresden china shepherd or shepherdess, than bundled on to the
stage in woollen stuff and padded calves. The best actors in
the world cannot nfctcr poetical sentiments when they look
ridiculous. To the retort that the swains and maids in Shak-
speare’s day did not look romantic, wc may reply nor did the
foresters look so uncommonly smart. If it be worth while to
make a forester picturesque, who blows ** the lusty, lusty horn.”
why on earth not extend the same favour to the very characters
in the play whose every utterance teems with poetry? It
would appear as if the style of the poem to l:e illustrated is
the last thing considered by the illustrator. As it turned
out. the best performances were those of Miss Wallis as
Rosalind and Mr. Arthur Stirling as Jaques. Both these
artists understood how to deliver the text of Shakspeare. Both
were distinct and audible. Both have studied the play, and
made the most of every lino intrusted to them. This was
not the general rule. Mr. Forbes Robertson made Orlando a
flippant young gentleman who sneered at love and treated
Rosalind with insolent disdain—a petulant boy, who was
positively bored and disgusted with the attentions of his
inamorata. This may be a new reading, but is scarcely a de¬
fensible one : and it is not recorded that it was adopted by the
same actor on other memorable occasions. The Touchstone of
Mr. Mackintosh was a painstaking, conscientious performance,
but quite barren of t'ic requisite called " humour.” Mr. William
Farren as old Adam did not succeed in touching the emotions of
his audience: Miss Annie Rose made a pretty Telia : and Mr.
Seymour .lackson sang with some effect several Shakspearean
and non-Shakspearonn songs in the character of Amiens. The
elocutionary failures in the play were really quite remarkable.
They displayed an utter inability to produce the voice or to do
justice to the text. In the dull history of modern elocution on
the stage it is not conceivable that the beautiful lines allotted to
Oliver were ever so nnintelligently spoken. We sometimes
wonder why Shakspeare is not more attractive. The reason is
that the modern actor docs not take the trouble to read the
text or understand it. How can we appreciate Shakspeare if
wc cannot hear the speeches that he has put into the mouths
of the players ?
THE COURT.
The Queen, accompanied by Princess Beatrice, went to Aber-
gcldie on Oct. 17, and took leave of the Princess of Wales,
who, with Prince Albert Victor and the three Princesses, left
for the south shortly afterwards. Her Majesty, again accom¬
panied by Princess Beatrice, drove in the afternoon toBrnemar,
and honoured Lady Cochrane with a visit at Kimiroehit. The
Marquis of Lansdowne had the honour of dining with the
Queen and the Royal family. On the 18th her Majesty went
out with Prince and Princess Henr of Battenbcrg; and in
the afternoon her Majesty drove out. accompanied by Princess
Frederica. The Marquis of Lansdowne kissed hands on bis
appointment ns Viceroy of India, and took leave of the Queen.
On the 19th her Majesty, with Princess Beatrice and Princess
Frederica, drove to the Olassalt Shiel, where they were joined
by the Duchess of Albany, attended by Fraulein Von Riedel.
The Queen and Princess Beatrice went out from Balmoral on
the morning of the 20th ; and in the afternoon her Majesty
drove out, accompanied by Princess Beatrice. Mr. Ritchie,
Minister-in-Attendance, had the honour of dining with the
Queen and Royal family. On Sunday morning, the 21st, her
Majesty, with Prince and Princess Henry of Bnttcnberg and
Princess Frederica, with Baron Von P-r.el Rammingen, was
present at Divine service at the parish church of Cratbie. The
Communion was dispensed. Mr. Ritchie dined with the Queen
and the Royal family. Major-General Sir John M’Neill
arrived at the castle on the 22nd, and, with Mr. Ritchie, had
the honour of dining with the Royal family.
The Princess of Wales, accompanied by Princesses Louise,
Victorin, and Maud, arrived at Marlborough Honse on Oct. 18
from Abcrgcldie Castle. Next evening the Princess and her
three daughters witnessed the performance of “ The Yeomen
of the Guard’’ at the Savoy Theatre On Sunday morning,
the 21st, the Princess of Wales, accompanied by Princesses
Louise, Victoria, and Maud, was present at Divine service.
The Prince arrived at Marlborough House early on the morn¬
ing of Monday, the 22nd, from Paris. The Duke of Cambridge
visited the Prince and Princess of Walts. In ibe evening
their Royal Highnesses witnessed the performance of - I,'Abbe
Constantin ” at the Royalty Theatre. Lieutenant-General Sir
Dighton Probyn represented the Prince and Princess at tho
funeral service which was held for the late Italian Ambassador
(General Count di Robilantj at tho Roman Catholic Church in
Wara-ick-street, Regent-street, lhe Prince of Wales travelled
to Newmarket on the 21th to witness the contest for the
Cambridgeshire Stokes.
Prince Albert Victor of Wales fulfilled a series of public
engagements, on Oct. 20, at Manchester, where he was the
guest of the Corporation. He was first presented with a loyal
address from the citizens, and was subsequently entertained at
luncheon in the Townhall. Afterwards hiB Royal Highness
opened a public recreation-ground at Rusholme, laid the
foundation-stone of a new wing of the Ancoats Hospital, and
opened a new club for working lads. On the 22nd his Royal
Highness shot over the Ashley estates, and next day hunted
with the North Cheshire hounds.
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J^AST DAY. OCT. 31.
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE.—Gosnell V. Durrant—On Jan. 28, 1887, Mr. Justice Chitty
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WESTERHAM HILL-CLIMBING COMPETITION WON
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—_ In the Competition, held by the Catford Cycling Club
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510 THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
“ Clericus Dubitans.” a correspondent of the Sjudatoc, to
which all cases of conscience seem naturally to come as to a
Father Confessor, is seriously exercised in his mind as to the
morality, or otherwise, of sixpenny whist; and he has been
taken to task by a writer in another journal for having any
doubt of its wickedness. The divine is very properly dead
against playing for points “ unnecessarily high,” but cannot
divorce his mind from the conviction that unless people play
for something they “don't try "—not having sufficient motive
for any exertion ; and, in a word, that whist for nothing,
though, of course, very moral, is apt to be very bad. Like the
wine which the rich but thrifty host put before his guest,
with the encomium that it was honest wine, it is “ poor but
honest.” To this the journalist cynically rejoins that “ Clericus
Dnbitnns ” seems to be of opinion that nothing is done well
unless there'is a little money upon it. I am unfortunately
not “Clericus " (for though so many people find themselves in
holes, it is only a few who are in the hole that just suits
them) ; but I think “ Clericus " is right in this matter, with
very little “ Dubitans ” about it. It is my experience that
work of all kinds is better done when it is paid for. We
all know what a lawyer's opinion is worth when it is
got for nothing; I believe that dentists who write “ Teeth
extracted gratuitously between ten and two” over their doors
are not spoken of by their patients with the gratitude one
would expect; and though I may have dreamt it, I think I
have occasionally seen the doings of the Great Unpaid con¬
trasted unfavourably with those of our stipendiaries. Breathes
there, again, an editor in all England who can lay his hand
npon his heart and speak highly of that “Amateur Con¬
tributor,” who prefaces his dreadful MS. with the statement
that he seeks no pecuniary remuneration for it? And,
surely, anyone who has ever belonged to a club, must be aware
that a committee does not look into matters with the same
keen eye for economy that belongs to the paid housekeeper-
There are, of course, some exceptions : honorary secretaries of
charitable associations, for example, who do their duty man¬
fully ; while the admirable journalist who derides the notion
of anything being worse done for “ love ” than “ money ’ no
doubt would scorn remuneration for his articles; but, speaking
of men and not angels, my opinion is that they do do
things better, from whist upwards or (not to be rude to the
noble science) downwards, for their having “ a little money
upon it.” _
A correspondent of Xotc* anil Queries is perplexed by the
chronology of “ Pickwick " ; but probably not bo much as was
the author himself. Hedated the commencement of his fiction in
182”, with a light heart, without reflecting that as the serial it¬
self began in 1830, there was not time enough allowed for the
development of the story. The circumstance is not at all
surprising, nor does it the least detract from the reality of the
composition. For my part, I can hardly fix a date for any
occurrence in my life, and yet I suppose I must have lived,
though I may have failed to “flourish." Moreover, the author
of “ Pickwick ” was a very young man, and, with all his genius,
had, of course, no knowledge of the art of writing fiction,
though in later years he grew to be the most careful story¬
teller of his time, and took great precautions to ensure accuracy.
Nothing, indeed, annoyed him more—for “ whatever is worth
doing is worth doing well ” was his favourite proverb—than to
be proved incorrect even in the smallest matter. For that reason
I always forboro during his lifetime to point out his mistake
in setting down Cleopatra and the Major to piquet, at
Brighton, and then making them play ficarto instead ; one
would almost think, but for his known ignoranceof cards, that he
could not resist making Cleopatra ask her admirer to “ propose.”
The truth is, every novel has plenty of errors of inconsistency, of
misdating, and of misnaming ; it is scarcely possible, indeed,
that it should be otherwise, if the story is artistically written,
and has its characters, each in halves, as it were, the one part
being drawn from real life and the other from the imagina¬
tion. Fortunately, the gentlemen who read the stories sub¬
mitted to their criticism—though it may not be true that they
only “ cut the leaves and smell the paper-knife ”—do not
give a very particular attention to them, or they would
more often find us tripping. Sometimes an admirer
will write to his novelist to inquire why Angelina in
the first volume has golden hair, and in the third
(instead of a change to grey, which would seem reasonable
enough) “ tresses dark as the raven's wing.” The poor story¬
teller gets out of his hobble as best he can (probably by
another story) ; but if he told the truth his explanation would
be simple enough. The person he is describing under the veil
of fiction has black hair ; he makes it golden, and generally
pictures to himself his creation in the hue it owes to his
artistic bands; but on some particular occasion, his mind,
though he is writing of her presentment, reverts to the
original, and he paints her in her natural colours.
In the recent anecdotal biography of Mr. Toole there is a
pleasant note upon theatrical orders from which one gathers
that some people imagine with difficulty- the existence of an
individual who would not take advantage of an order for the
theatre if he.could get one. Charles Mathews, it is related,
was once at a country inn, where, struck by the civility of
“ the Boots,” he gave him an order for the theatre where he
was playing. The next day, he asked him how he liked the
play ; to which “ the Boots ” answered rather dubiously. “ Ob.
well enough ; but who's to pay mo for my time” To
have seen Mathews or Mr. Toole can scarcely, of course,
he called lost time; but that everybody wants to be
amused is rather a doubtful dogma; while to suppose
that everybody finds amusement where liis fellow-creatures
find it is certainly an error. “ The Lady of Lyons" is
said to be a most popnlar play, but so far from hungering for
an order for it, I should require at least ten pounds —and my
expenses there and back—to see it out. Musical entertain¬
ments are thought to bo very charming by some people ; but
others, like myself, have literally not the sense for them ; I
am, unfortunately, growing deaf. I must confess, however,
that when I had my full hearing they were still more un¬
attractive to me. I could not expect, of course, to have got for
listening the same sums that Mr. Sims Reeves got for singing,
but I should have wanted a good deal of money. A large clas9
of persons, I am told, even like lectures; it is impossible to
account for some people’s tastes ; but, for my part, I can¬
not conceive an intelligent being hurrying over his dinner,
and smoking one pipe instead of two afterwards, in order
to attend a lecture without some handsome “ compensation
for disturbance." We are all too apt to think that what we
like ourselves ether people must like ; but the idea of a “ ticket
for the platform " (let the ” platform ” be what it will) being a
privilege to be struggled for, seems to push this social error to
ito extreme verge. To be asked, if one is not a sportsman, to
pay a country visit in November is also rather “ a large order”
(though not of course a theatrical one) ; no doubt it would be
an unusual thing for the would-be host to enclose a cheque in
three figures along with his invitation, but it is a thing that
ought to be done, and until it is done many persons, in the
role of invited guest, will continue to say with that un¬
theatrical Boots, •• Who is to pay me for my time ?"
Miss Edna Lyall, the authoress, is enviable for many reasons,
and not the least of them that, writing—as she does—under a
nom-de-plumc , her “ double,” though apparently eccentrio and
certainly unorthodox, seems to confine her depredations upon
the individuality of her original to the isle of Ceylon. Miss
Lyall's publishers are very indignant upon her account,
whereas they ought in reality to be astonished at the moder¬
ation of this impersonator of their client. Everyone who
writes a book “ By the Author of ” something or other, instead
of in his (or her) proper person, is wellnigh certain to have
this compliment—a much more sincere form of flattery than
mere imitation—paid to his success in literature. Everyone
knows about George Eliot's double, and, indeed, the chance
she gave him, by pretending to be of his own sex, was an
irresistible temptation ; but the fact is, it is a very common
offence, and arises almost naturally from the system of anonym¬
ous authorship. To a person with a literary turn, but without
a literary gilt, it is the easiest way of securing a reputation—
an ephemeral one, it is only too probable ; but how ephemeral
is fame itself! How many more writers for the Times there
are in the world than are known in Printing House-square 1
How many more contributors to Punch than his dog Toby
(who never forgets a face) can recognise ! I have seen articles
appropriated before now (not innocently, alas! but un¬
consciously) in the very presence of their owners. To say “I
am • S. G. O.' or * X.,' ” is only to mount one round higher on
the ladder of impudence. What is much worse than this is
when not Vanity but Impecuniousness is the motive of the
impersonation — when the anonymous author of that very
successful poem “ Heart-Throbs," or of that fine philosophical
work on the Moral Emotions, finds himself asking for
money of strangers and running up bills, with gin and beer in
them, at country inns by proxy. This little mischance may
happening I have reason to know, to the best of authors.
I don't know Whether tne author of “ Robbery Under
Arms” is an Australian, but certainly, except by Charles
Reade (who, by-the-by, had never been in Australia), life in the
under-world has never been so well described. Rolf Bolder-
wood (as the writer calls himself) might very well have hit
upon a better name for his story ; and, indeed, “ The Bush¬
ranger ” would have seemed ready to his hand; but what
is the main point, after all, it is a good story. There is
adventure enough in it to serve for half a dozen ordinary
novels, and the interest never flags. The writer has little
literary skill; but in these days, when we are so overdone
with “ art" and “ style,” his straightforward way of telling
things is by no means unwelcome. One has seen his high¬
born hero-highwayman “ Starlight" and his matchless steed
before, but not for these many years, and one is very willing
to renew their acquaintance.
If some people take too much pains to associate themselves
familiarly with men of letters, “ because of advantage,” others,
it seems, take too little. That most good-natured of authors,
Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, tells us that he has really thought
it his duty to refuse a lady's application for an autograph who
has addressed him as “ Miss Oliver Holmes.” The existence of
such an individual will seem incredible to those who do not
know the amateur autograph - hunter, but not to those who
do. Of course there is no reason why an illiterate person
should not have made such a mistake ; but the wonder is that
anyone who felt sufficient interest in the author to want his
handwriting should have done so. Yet it constantly happens.
Charles Reade had almost as many gushing correspondents
who addressed him as “ Read ” or “ Reed ” as by his true
name ; and not seldom he was “ Sir Charles Reid.” It
must have been difficult even for a born fool to spell Dickens's
name wrong; yet even ho had admirers who preferred
to use two “ k's ” instead of the “ ck.” I remember a dreadful
story of a very pretty young lady coming to show herself to
him, as Dolly Varden on her way to a fancy ball; and the
painful fact being disclosed during their brief conversation
that she had not the least idea from what book of his (or
anybody's) the character was taken. The saddest experience
of the want of knowledge of one's own subject I ever re¬
member, was the rapturously applauded song of a young lady
in which the line occurred “ Thou who so gently walkest over
me." It was encored, so I felt I could not be.mistaken in the
words, and ventured to inquire their meaning of the fair song¬
stress. She said she thought it was plain enough, and that
she had never had such an inquiry addressed to her, though
she had sting it scores of times. “ Don't you think it would
sound better " I said (I thought the “ sound " might move her,
which the sense would obviously never do), “if you said
1 watchest'.’ ” “ If yon like," she replied good-naturedly ;
• watchest,' or ‘ walkest,’ what can it matter .’"
It is probable that no one has had so many bird’s-eye views
of his native land as Mr. William Green, the champion Steeple
Jack. He has repaired no less than fifty-three towers or
spires, from that of Salisbury Cathedral, 404 ft. high, to that
of Whittlesea, 280 ft. What, an authority he must be on
“ Picturesque England ”; though his line of business lies
rather in the other direction, for I read that he has built 530
chimneys, which probably raise their stately heads and raven
tresses in the manufacturing districts. Like his father before
him, he is also an aeronaut, and took his first flight under the
paternal care, from York to Wolverhampton, when eleven years
old. He must know a deal more of “ high latitudes ” than the
Marquis of Dufferin and Ava, though he probably never wrote
“ letters ” about them. What is very curious, when he is not
in the clouds, he is a Government diver—he recovered ten
of the bodies after the Tay Bridge disaster—and goes to the
bottom of things as well as the top of them ; and yet I don't
find his name among “ Men of the Time.” His hardest
piece of work, we are told, was the setting right of a
chimney 280 ft. high (with a diameter of 70 ft. at the base
and only 8 ft. at the summit) which had got 34 ft. out of
the perpendicular. It was accomplished, we are vaguely told,
“ very expeditiously by Bcrew-jacks and cutting out; ” but
what “ cutting out expedition ” was ever to be compared with
this for danger and audacity 1 He is, of course, quite above
all sectarian prejudices, and is just now repairing a Roman
Catholic Cathedral spire at Plymouth. I am not very fond
of going out to dinner, but I would not decline an invitation
which had in its corner “ To meet Mr. William Green.” How
much more interesting he would be than the generality of
elevated persons! _
THE COURT.
The Duchess of Albany, who had received the sad intelligence
of the death of her mother, the Princess of Waldeck and Pyr-
mont, drove over from Birkhall on the morning of Oct. 27,
and, having taken leave of her Majesty and the Royal family,
left for Germany. The Prince of Wales arrived at the castle
at one o'clock. A guard of honour of the Queen’s Own Cameron
Highlanders, under the command of Captain Davidson, was
mounted at the Ballater Station. Colonel the Hon. Henry
Byng, Equerry-in-Waiting, attended his Royal Highness from
Ballater. Her Majesty drove in the afternoon, attended by the
Countess of Erroll and Miss M'Neill. The Rev. J. Mitford
Mitchell. Minister of the West Church, Aberdeen, arrived at
the castle. The Right Hon. C. T. Ritchie and Major-General
Sir C. Teesdale, in attendance on the Prince of Wales, had the
honour of being included in the Royal dinner-party. Divine
service was performed at Balmoral Castle on Sunday morning,
the 28th, in the presence of the Queen, the Royal family, and
tho Royal household. The Rev. J. Mitford Mitchell, Minister
of the West Church, Aberdeen, one of her Majesty's Chaplains,
officiated. Princess Frederica and Baron Pawel Rammingen
dined with the Queen-and the Royal family. Mr. Ritchie, the
Rev. J. Mitford Mitchell, and Major-General Sir C. Teesdale
had the honour of being invited. On Monday morning, the
2!>th, the Queen went out, accompanied by Princess Beatrice;
and her Majesty drove in the afternoon, attended by the
Countess of Erroll, the Hon. Ethel Cadogan, and Miss M'Neill.
The Prince of Wales, attended by Major-General Sir Christopher
Teesdale, left the castle for Marlborough House. Prince and
Princess Henry of Battenberg accompanied the Prince to
Ballater, where a guard of honour of the Queen’s Own
Cameron Highlanders, under the command of Captain David¬
son, was mounted at the station. The Right Hon. C. T.
Ritchie and Mr. Allan Mackenzie had the honour of dining
with the Queen and the Royal family.
The Prince of Wales, attended by Major-General Sir
C. Teesdale, left Marlborough House on Oct. 26 for Balmoral
on a visit to the Queen, and returned to town on tbc
Both, 'ihc Princess of Wales, with Princesses Louise,
Victoria, and Maud—attended by Miss Knollys, Mdllc.
Vauthier, Franlein Noedel, and Lieutenant-General Sir D. M.
Probyn—arrived at Sandringham on the 27th by Great
Eastern Railway from Marlborough House, for the winter
season. Her Royal Highness and her three daughters, together
with the ladies and gentlemen of the household, were present
at Divine service at Sandringham parish church on Sunday
morning, the 28th. The Rev. F. Hervey, Domestic Chaplain
to the Prince of Wales, Chaplain to the Queen, and Rector of
Sandringham, officiated and preached.
The Dnclicss of Connaught has attended a course of nursing
lectures with a St. John Ambulance class at Poona. India, and
has passed a very satisfactory examination. Her Royal High¬
ness obtained the “first aid ” certificate some weeks previously.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
The military expedition, under General M'Queen, against the
hostile tribes of the Black Mountain, on the frontier of tho
Hazara district, north of the Punjaub, seems to have nearly
finished its work, and was expected to return to the Oghi
Fort, near Abbotabad, in the first week of November, having
occupied just ono month in this campaign. The Akozais, the
tribe who began hostilities last June, paid the fine imposed
upon them by Oct. 27. It was the intention of the general
commanding to proceed to Thakot and explore the whole
district- The Thakotis number 1500 fighting men. General
Sir Frederick Roberts, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian
Army, arrived at headquarters of the expedition and in¬
spected the force there. He went on to visit General Channcr
at Maidan, and inspected his brigade. The Khyber levies,
with their chief. Major Adam Khan, have proved, by their
wonderful activity, more than a match for the enemy in the
harassing guerrilla warfare of the tribesmen, entirely discon¬
certing the ambuscades. Colonel Crookshank, who was
wounded in the fighting on Oct. 4, has died.
The first and reserve columns of the Black Mountain
Expedition, advancing northwards, have already reached
Thakot, beyond the northern spurs of the mountain. No
opposition is offered by the tribes. The other columns continue
to hold their positions.
Our Illustration is a view of the post beyond Bagrwan, at
the foot of the Black Mountain, which was occupied by tlic
Northumberland Fusiliers at an early stage of the expedition.
It is from a sketch by Captain F. C. Carter.
Prince Ferdinand opened the Bulgarian Sobranje on Oct. - i.
and congratulated the country on the fact that the cause ol
Bulgaria was daily growing stronger.
NOV. 3, 18S8
THE ILLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
511
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
S2rfU3
Hrsr)
ersaile
nz. ’.be
a:r;«:
K-pbtt
xuA
vx to
Ooncral Boulanger has been banqueted by the revisionist com-
mittees ot the arrondisseraents of Pans. The ceremony was
crowded enthusiastic, and uninterrupted by dissident cries,
fio-htin" revolver shots, or other disagreeable incidents. The
General made a speech, was applauded by a thousand people,
and escorted home in triumph by a considerable crowd. It
mav be remarked that the General spoke with singular con¬
fidence • he seems convinced of his strength ; he is evidently
sure that he has only to stretch out his arm in order to reach
the coveted prize. Nevertheless, with all his protestations of
Republicanism, we cannot yet say that the pretender has
clearly expounded his programme ; he still remains vague,
Sphinx-like, and fascinating. One important point to be
noted is the scarification by the General of M. Floqnet’s
proieot for the revision of the Constitution, and his
severe ridiculing of the Cabinet, which hoped to confiscate
to its own advantage the popularity of General Boulanger
simply bv adopting a Revisionist platform. Tims, M. Floquet
is abandoned by the extreme Left, scoffed at by the Boulangist,
and left in the lurch with a stillborn Bill in his arms, and no
^Political matters are in more than their usual state of con¬
fusion, whioh all turns to the advantage of General Boulanger,
whocarefully preserves his character of a new and untried broom.
The Income Tax Bill irritates all classes—commercial people
and worldlings alike. The Cabinet and the Chamber are becom¬
ing more and more unpopular. The era of petty measures is be¬
ginning. Thus, Police orders have been issued for seizing
and confiscating certain Boulangist pictures, portraits, and
caricatures of the General, in which he is represented
vanquishing the Chamber and putting the Deputies to flight.
Propagandist pictures of the Comte de Paris and Victor
Napoleon are likewise being seized. Instructions have also
been issued by the Minister of the Interior concerning the
swarms of Boulangist song-singers who have recently spread
all over France and penetrated even into the remote com¬
munes with songs of an insulting nature about the President
of the Republic. On the occasion of the marriage of tbe
General’s daughter, Mdlle. Marcello Boulanger, to Captain
Driant this morning, at tbe church of .Saint Pierre de Chaillot,
an unnecessary display of police force attracted to the ceremony
more attention than it deserved. As the General has often
said, he has only to wait and to take advantage of the mistakes
of his adversaries.
Speeches on financial questions are not often attractive.
We may therefore note that of M. Jules Roche, the reporter of
the Budget of 1889, who depicted in striking terms the
physiognomy which the events of 1870 have given to Europe.
M. Roche contrasted the need and the power that all nations
have at the present day of developing their well-being and
their morality with the fatality which compels them to live,
as iu the Middle Ages, in an immense intrenched camp. The
consequence is that the prodigies of modern science, instead
of serving the advancement of civilisation, cause it to retro¬
grade to the times of barbarism. Speaking of the extraordinary
Budget, M. Roche explained that for several years to come
France will have to spend a hundred million francs a year in
order to put her defences in such a condition as the progress
of artillery and fortification demands.
The hastily-elaborated decree, in virtue of which foreigners
residing in France are required to register themselves at the
Prefecture of Police, has received an additional clause, by
which the time for inscription is prolonged until Jan. 1.
Another recent decree, prohibiting the admission of foreign
officers to study in the French military schools, is severely
criticised by the press, because it will put au end to the growth
of French influence in many minor States, who will hence¬
forward send their officers to school in Germany. The case of
Roumania is cited in particular.
A Frenchman, M. Jules Iinbs, has. it appears, invented a
new system of elevated cable railways, which will enable us to
go from Paris to Calais in one hour, to Marseilles in two hours,
and to St. Petersburg in eight hours. The car or boat will be
very long and spindle-shaped, and capable of carrying* 150 to
200 passengers. This new method of travelling at a speed of
250 miles an hour will be applicable only to long distances, or
to a minimum of sixty miles. Experiments are to be made
shortly in the environs of Paris.
The right of levying a tax of three sons for an arm-chair
and one sou for a plain chair in the public promenades and
gardens of Paris will be put up to auction shortly. The npset
price for the period of four years from January, 1889. to
January, 1893^ is 45,000f. The city of Paris furnishes a
minimum of 6700 chairs, which the lessee has to keep in good
order.
Zola's new and reputedly chaste novel *• Le Reve ” is being
transformed into an opera by M. Gallet, the librettist, and M.
a pupil °* Massenet,—A new operetta by Letcrrier
Vftnloo, with music by Lacome, called ** La Gardeuse
dOies," has been produced with some success at the Folies
Dramatiques. It is an absurd libretto in the style of •• Girofle-
Girofla, ’ but the music has many pleasing morccaus .—'The
famous old ship La Belle Poule, which brought back the
remains of Napoleon I. from St. Helena in 1840, is now being
broken up at Toulon. T. C.
The Emperor William, with a large suite, left Berlin on
Uct. 2o for Blankenburg, in the Harz, to shoot with the Prince-
Kegent of Brunswick, returning on the following day. The
Emperor has ordered his Foreign Office to convey‘to the
Governments of the countries which he recently visited his
tbanks for the reception accorded to him. His Majesty
received, on the 27th, the Municipal Deputation, which offered
nim a welcome on his return. In commemoration of his
journey they propose to erect a fountain on the Schloss Platz.
,^ 8 Majesty visited Hamburg, and was cordially
i. by the P® 0 ^- He dr0T © through the streets to the
pst where a stone was to be placed to commemorate the in¬
corporation of the city in the German Customs Union. An
auaress of welcome was read, and his Majesty then laid the
K He afterwards inspected the ports. In the afternoon
e emperor was entertained at a banquet, and in tbe evening
rioh a CI M lll “ minated '• his Majesty proceeding to Fried-
erC L he "** the ff Qesfc of Prince Bismarck nntil
Of r ea the l mp ® ror returned to Potsdam.—The decree
ha^L fi9Cat, ° n ? n 3 Si r Morell Mackenzies book in Germany
t 8a8 Pended. There has been a great fire at the small
rendered Immetess^’ ^ 1500 p€r50nS havin * bera
on Ort! 2 S U ^rLi t 8 bo°n tDgal and the Dnke of Oporto left Vienna
f . B ^‘°gi Ge ” r 8 e ’ ; n opening the Greek Chamber, on Oct. 27,
he f ^ tl . 0n ¥ tbc P r °.S re ? s made V nation since
and alsrt nf Constitution twenty-five years ago;
of I h T € , mg able t0 announce the betrothal of the Duke
oi Sparta to Princess Sophie of Prussia.
of 0f ? ervia bas pronounced the dissolution
01 the marriage of King Milan and Queen Natalie.
THE LATE SIR HUGH OWEN.
The death, seven years ago, of Sir Hugh Owen, formerly Chief
Clerk of the Poor Law Board, from which office he retired in
1872, was much regretted by his fellow-countrymen in Wales,
to whom he had rendered great services by promoting institu¬
tions of popular education. He had also, during his residence
in London, as a leading member of the British and Foreign
School Society, and for three years a member of the London
School Board, gained public esteem, and had taken an active
part in religious and philanthropic efforts. In Wales, he gave
valuable assistance to the establishment of the University
College at Aberystwith, and the Bangor Normal College for
Teachers, also the Cambrian Association for the Deaf and
Dnmb, while he wns a zealous patron of the Eisteddfod and
other national institutions.
The erection of a monument to commemorate the regard
in which Sir Hugh Owen was held by Welshmen lias been pro¬
moted by a committee whose chairman is Lord Aberdare ; ami
on Monday. Oct. 22, a statue was unveiled in the town of
Carnarvon by the Hon. Mrs. Wynne Jones, his Lordship's
daughter, wife of the Vicar of Carnarvon. The present Sir
Hugh Owen, K.C. B., Permanent Secretary to tbe Local
Government Board, was among the company. Sir John
Puleston, M.P.. presided, and Mr. Lewis Morris, Captain
Verney, and others spoke. The Aberystwith, Bangor, and
Cardiff Colleges were represented, and other Welsh in¬
stitutions. A procession was formed in Carnarvon Cns‘.lc,
comprising the magistrates and gentry of the district,
Mayors of towns in North Wales, representatives of the
Welsh colleges and of societies with which Sir Hugh Owen
was connected, local Volunteers, friendly societies, and school¬
children. The statue, which is in bronze, is the work of Mr.
Milo Griffith, and had been provided by public subscription,
STATUE OF THE LATE SIH HUGH OWEN AT CARNABVON.
the cost of the pedestal being defrayed by local subscriptions.
On behalf of the subscribers, Sir J. Puleston presented
tbe statue to the Mayor of Carnarvon. The ceremony
of unveiling was performed by Mrs. Wynne-Jones, and the
people, led by Mr. David Jones and the band, sang an old
Welsh air.
The statue is placed in a well-chosen position in the great
square of Carnarvon, and stands out well against the castle.
The inscription upon the statue runs as follows :—
“.Sir Hugh Owen, horn 1804, died 1881. Erected by &
grateful nation.”
All the representatives of the Powers met at the Porte on
Oct. 30 and signed the Suez Canal Convention.
Lord Justice Clerk M*Donald was on Oct. 30 installed in
the Court of Session, Edinburgh, as Lord Kinsburgh. The
Lord Advocate and the Solicitor-General also presented their
commissions.
At the Chester Diocesan Conference on Oct. 30, an address,
signed by 382 clergy and 895 churchwardens and lay repre¬
sentatives of the diocese, was presented to Dr. Stubbs, on his
translation to the See of Oxford. The Duke of Westminster
made the presentation.
The Czar and Czarina and the Imperial family arrived at
Sebastopol on Oct. 28, and continued their journey to Gatschina
in the afternoon. Among those who greeted their Majesties
on their arrival was a special Envoy from the Sultan of
Turkey. An accident to the train in which the Czar was
travelling on the 29th is reported from St. Petersburg. The
second engine ran off the line, dragging with it four
carriages. No member of the Imperial family or suite was
injured.—The Russian Grand Dukes Paul and Sergius and tbe
Grand Duchess Sergius left Cairo on Oct. 26 for Alexandria,
whence they started for Athens, in order to attend the festivities
in celebration of King George's accession.—There was a special
religious service on the 25th at St, Petersburg to celebrate the
fiftieth anniversary of the entrance of M. De Giers into the
public service. A grand reception was held at the Foreign
Office, where the heads of the Embassies and Legations pre¬
sented M. De Giers with a gold inkstand.
THE DEPOSED GERMAN HANSE TOWNS,
HAMBURG AND BREMEN.
The German Emperor visited the city of Hamburg on Monday,
Oct. 29. It is with a half-feeling of regret that one hears of
the closing of Hamburg and Bremen as free ports. In a few
years the name of the Hanseatic League will sound os qnaintly
as that of the Vehm-Gericht. We shall think of the “ League ”
as of some half-mystic medieval institution, suggestive of secret
guilds, of burghers' feasts, of stout-hearted citizens throwing
down the gage to monarchs and nobles. Bnt the life of Hamburg
and Bremen is not likely to die ont with the spirit of historical
romance, as has been the case with old Ghent and Bruges.
On a bright winter or antnmn morning, if you are standing
on the deck of either of those famous liners, the Penguin or
the Mavis, yon will be struck by the busy aspect of tbe broad
and flowing Elbe. Ocean-linerB sweep proudly along, throw¬
ing up their after-wash on banks that are not so well kept as
those of the “ lazy Scheldt.” Smaller craft, too, from Antwerp.
Rotterdam, the Thames, Grimsby, and even Liverpool, bear
yon company. Some rather clumsy fishing-boats, lers gaily
painted and less quaint in form than those of the Dutch Maas,
tack to and fro. But the Elbe has a charm of its own, pos¬
sessed neither by the Maas nor by the Scheldt. The richly-
wooded hills rising within view remind you. oddly enough, of the
Bosphorus, mingled with a dash of the Upper Thames. On
these heights are many pleasant villas of the rich Hamburg
merchants. Leaving them behind, you soon find your way
into the docks by the Kaiser Quay. On a bright, sunshiny day,
the view of Hamburg from the river will be a surprise.
Although much of the old city has been Bwept away, still, in
the neighbourhood of the quays, there remains a good deal
that is picturesque. Great peaked-roofed houses, with numerous
windows glittering in the sun, overlook the broad canals and
the lesser waterways that are not too suggestive of a perfect
system of sanitation. The copper spires, too, of the' churches,
having tamed to a brilliant green, add to tbe ohcery aspect of
the town. Yet, after all, Hamburg, despite its new Bonded
Stores—which rival'anything of the kind in England—has no
architectural magnificence. Even the much talked-of new
Post-Office is nothing to boast of greatly. As to the collection
of pictures at the Museum, perhaps the less said abont them
the better. This remark does not apply to the five rooms of
good paintings by the best English masters, presented to
Hamburg by a wealthy citizen of great commercial renown.
Hamburg, in one respect, is almost unrivalled. Our View
of the “ Aister ” Lake, surrounded by Us boulevards and hand¬
some buildings, imperfectly represents its aspect. The
British tourist, standing on the steps of Streit's, cannot fail
to be struck with the beauty of this city lake. 'Hie Jung-
fernstieg Quay, too, is spoilt by no dingy, clumsy craft
moored against it. Only pretty little steamers take their pas¬
sengers to the suburtis and pleasure gardens on the banks of
the Aister. At nighttime these small craft darting to and
fro in different directions, with their gaily-lit cabin windows,
add a curious charm to the scene. Indeed the best sights in
Hamburg are far from being the regulation shows of a great
city. In public buildings it is poor indeed; but it affords rich
opportunities for strolling about and seeing the place. Though
guide-books have little to say about it, take, for instance, the
quaint old street of ‘‘Bei den Hiitten” ; walk through it on a
fine moonlight night, and the spirit of the Middle Ages is all
around yon. The pleasures of modem Hamburg also are
not to be despised. St. Pauli, with its Bier Gartens and its
perpetual fair of cheap shows, is well worth looking at, it
only to pay a visit to the “ Grotto,” an arrangement of cork
rockery, waterfalls, and electric lights, of its kind perhaps
unequalled. But what will be the future of the old city, now
that its historic “ freedom ” is at an endThe natives of
Hamburg are emigrating year by year, and the Prussians are
coming in. As a matter of fact, there are not above 150,COO
bom Hambnrgians in the city. When the Municipality is swept
away. Hamburg will become as much a part of Prussia proper
as Berlin itself; tbe streets will be filled with bine uniforms
and clanking sabres, and the rule of pipeclay and drill-sergeant
will utterly banish the old sentiment of civic pride and civic
good-fellowship.
We next proceed to Bremen, the qnaint, clean, pretty town,
where, standing by the crumbling Iioiandssaule and looking
towards the Rathhaus—if one is not thinking of a lunch in the
Rathskeller—one is struck by the brisk, busy aspect of the
market-place and its crowd of peasant dealers. The Bremen
people, indeed, seem to be cheery, contented folk ; and despite
their cigar grievance with the German Chancellor, lake,
perhaps, a little more kindly to the blnecoats than the Ham¬
burg people do. Immediately after the late war, strict orders
were given to all Prussian officers to make themselves as
agreeable to the citizens as possible. Etiquette was even to be
waived in favour of the citizens. Duty calls were thus ordered
to be paid tirat by the military to the civilians. The result of
this is that many marriages have taken place between the
well-dowered daughters of Bremen and the aristocratic, but
not so wealthy, military *• Vons.” In the pretty gardens, laid
out seventy years ago on the site of the old’ fortifications,
beside the lake, and within sight of the odd-looking
windmill, Prussian bluecont and Bremen bonnet may¬
be seen side by side. The young men of the city
take very readily to military service, which they make
an excuse for a few years’ comfortable frolic with as good an
allowance ns an indulgent father can he expected to supplv.
Stern parents, however, do not always see the situation in this
light, retaining many of their old prejudices against the
Prussians. But, whatever political sentiment may be felt,
it apparently has no saddening effect upon the bright cheeriniss
of the city. Sauntering along, or taking tbe tram-car down
the Oberstrasse, a more lively crowd of business people one
conld not wish to see. If, however, you want a more sombre
experience, you cannot do better than pay a visit to the famous
Bleikeller beneath the Dom. This cellar is remarkable for its
power of preserving everything from decay that is placed
within its gloomy walls. The collection of remains here is of
a varied character, including those of a defunct English
Countess (at least, so the guide tells you), and those of
favourite dogs and cats. On emerging from this place you
can take a stroll through the gardens, and, paying a visit to
the Rathskeller, gaze at the mighty cask of the “Twelve
Apostles’' and other works of art, finishing with a regulation
Bremen lunch of oysters, lampreys, “ beefsteak," and Rhein-
wein. Bremen is well worth a visit, though no longer a Free
Town of the Hanseatic League.
The Executive Committee of the Prince’s Cinderellas
announce the advent of the sixth series of these successful
and high-class dances, which for the past five years have been
held on behalf of tbe Chelsea Hospital for Women at the
Prince's Hall, Piccadilly. These dances begin at eight and
terminate as the clock strikes twelve. The committee intend
to cancel all vouchers given in previous seasons, so that both
old as well as new subscribers will have to obtain vouchers for
introduction to the forthcoming series. Several new features
are to be introduced this year. Further particulars may be
had from the secretary at the 1.capital in the Fulham-road.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 3, 1888.—512
VIEW OP HAMBURG.
TflK AI.^TKH, IHM1H JMi.
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ill • Si: if Trrr. "if
THE SCUUTTISO, BREMEN.
llAtmi-US UUKMI.
SERVANT-MAID, HAMBURG.
MILKMAN OP HAMBURG.
A VU5RLAND BEAUTY.
SCULPTURE OF BACCHUS, AT THE RATHSKELLER. BREMEN.
TOE KAISER QUAY, HAMBURG.
riHE BRIGADE MAN, U VMBURG,
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, No'
2. The Administrator
THE BRITISH ADMINISTRATOR OF BECHUANALAND HOLDING A COURT OF INQUIRY ON THE CROCODILE RIVER.
NOV. 3. 1333
514
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NEW CHURCH IN CLERKENWELL. BRITISH PROTECTORATE IN SOUTH AFRICA.
There is some really admirable criticism scattered abont Dr. The nc>v Church of the Holy Redeemer, Exmouth-street, The accompanying Sketches show the progress of the British
Westland Mnrston'., Lely and scholarly description of “ Recent Clerkenwell, of which we give two Illustrations is interesting protectorate m tropical South Africa to the north of Bechnana-
Actors" For instance in commenting on Mrs. Glover—who from an art point of view as being, with the exception of the land. In 1884 we took under our protection hhama s country,
is contrasted with excellent skill with Mrs. Stirling in the Oratory at Brompton, the only specimen of Italian or English up to the 2Lnd parallel of south latitude. Last year, we
character of Mrs. Malaprop, giving both the benefit of their Renaissance church architecture erected in the metropolis since limited this protection, on the north side of the Crocodile
stvtoand characteristics in imerpreting a character that some the days of Sir Christopher \\ ren In plan the church is river, tois line running north from where the Maclontse river
think “* pin vs itself "-onr author comments on the essential cruciform, with nave aisles, but the transepts are shallow pro- enters.the Crocodile lhc Boers were not slow to take advantage
difference between success in tragedy and comedy. " In review- jections that do not rise above the roof of the aisles. The nave
THE PLAYHOUSES.
> some really admirable criticism scattered about Dr.
and scholarly d<
l commenting c
ing a number of performers,” observes Dr.
Marston, ‘ whose merits are often alike in
everything but degree, it becomes difficult to
apply epithets which have not lost something'
of their force by repetition. To say simply
that Mrs. Glover's main excellence was her
truth to nature, though no doubt literally
correct, would hardly tell anything. Edmund
Kean for instance, Macready, the Kembles were
of course generally true to the passions and
characters they represented. But this truthful¬
ness can only be general in tragedy, which
represents the essential feelings men have in
common, nnd rejects everything that savours of
mere peculiarity. In comedy, however, which
represents the idiosyncrasies of persons, and the
modes in which men differ, the expression of
vivid personality is often one of the highest
merits." The absolute truth of this last state¬
ment, ns applied to the highest form of comedy,
is very striking when one comes to consider
such a performance as that of the French actor
Lafontaine in the play called “ Un Fils de
Famillc." Few comedies that have been written
during the last forty years have boasted so
many able interpreters, whether we consider
the "original French or the various English
adaptations. Lafontaine was the original
martinet Colonel, a part subsequently played
with remarkable skill by Benjamin Webster,
John Ryder, and John Hare. Itressant was the
original young Lancer, a part subsequently taken
by Leigh Murray, David Fisher.nnd W. H. Kendal. Add tothese
names Robert Kceley as the trumpeter nnd Mrs. W. H. Kendal
as the heroine, and it may bo taken for granted that the comedy
has lost nothing at the hands of its interpreters. And yet, as we
see Lafontaine now. and as we have seen him more than once
in the same part of the same play, he seems to stand head and
shoulders above his followers and imitators. The last
time that Lafontaine played the old Colonel in the “ Fils de
Famille " was very shortly before H.R.H. the Prince of Wales
was attacked with typhoid fever. We remember him to have
been present at the French Plays to see Lafontaine, at the
St. James's Theatre, immediately before the Prince's illness. No
actor is better able, by slight and delicate touches, to “ express
the idiosyncrasies of persons and the modes in which men
differ." It is difficult to believe that it is the same
man who is playing I.'Abbc Constantin and the old Colonel
Deshayes. Both men are essentially different in temperament;
both are distinct types of idiosyncrasies or marked differences
in temperament.
Lafontaine's Colonel shows himself in his true colours
five minutes after he has stepped on the stage—an old
gentleman who has not forgotten the gallantry of his
youth : a strict disciplinarian who seldom neglects to observe
the manners of a gentleman ; a man testy, polite, severe, cour¬
teous, quick to resent an insult, and equally quick to forgive
an injury. The scene at the piano is inimitable. The old
Colonel, who is fooled to the top of his bent by an adulatory
sister, has been asked to sing a song in order to ingratiate
himself with a pretty widow. Though of a certain age, he
possesses the remnant of a pretty voice and a style of
singing foreign to the nature of a younger
school. His rival with the widow is a young
fellow full of chaff and frivolity, who has
escaped from the ranks of the Colonel's regi¬
ment and is meeting him on a common plat¬
form. The Colonel all through this excellently-
played scene shows his sensitiveness and
apprehension. He thinks he has seen the young
fellow before, but does not know where it
was ; he sniffs warfare afar off : ho is desirous
to pick a quarrel, but too polite to do so
without a cause. The change from hectoring
nttack to polite retraction was admirably done,
and from first to last it was a specimen of the
highest comedy skill. Mr. Hare's Colonel
Daunt.excellent idea as it was, seemed cast iu a
wholly different mould. Both are as good and
as distinctly apart as the Mrs. Malaprop of
Mrs. Glover and of Mrs. Stirling. The school of
the highest acting of comedy is almost extinct
in France. Brcssant and Lafont are no more ;
Delaunay has retired from the Franpais : Bouffe
is just dead, and Regnier very few can remember
well: at this juncture no time should be lost
in seeing Lafontaine, one of the last of the
old school of actors, whose Abbe Constantin
and Colonel are a revelation of fine comedy skill.
The visitors to Drury-Lane Theatre have
now an opportunity of seeing arranged in the
grand salon one of the most perfect and ex¬
tensive collections of Elizabethan relics that
have ever been brought together in this country.
'I he Plymouth collection in the summer was
lair enough; but this is infinitely better.
Collectors and connoisseurs of old armour,
admirers of old books and pictures, all who
are learned in iron chests and bric-a-brac of
every degree, will probably thoroughly enjoy
the entr'actes when “ The Armada " is going on,
nnd will pause in wonder and horror before the
steel torture-chair, which is the sensational gem
in the thousands of objects secured by Mr.
Augustus Hnrris. ‘ The Armada." by-the-way.
is going as well as ever : and Mr. Leonard
Bovne has returned to work again after a long
and severe illness.
Before this week has passed oway we shall have seen the
promised new burlesque “ Faust up to Date," at the Gaiety by
Mr. George R. Sims and Mr. Henry Pettitt; a new ballet at
the Empire; and “ Xadgy," the new comic opera at the
Avenue, where Arthur Roberta is the hero of the entertain¬
ment. Next week we shall be more serious, for will it not be
November? and the first important event will be Mr. Pettitt's
drama, “ Hands Across the Sea ” at the Prinoess's.
The Bishop Of Rochester, spooking at Sion College, said all
that the Voluntary schools demanded was justioe; those
sohools were the life of Christian thought and prinoiple to the
people of England.
NEW CllVttCH OK THE HOLT BEDEF.MER, F.XMOL'TII-STUKKT, CLERKENWELL.
and chancel, about 150 ft. in length, are of uniform height,
and are vaulted throughout. The width of the interior is 36 ft.
Of the four bays which will compose the building when com¬
plete, only three are at present finished. The easternmost
bay forms the choir, and against the temporary wall has a
lofty baldachino, about 40 ft. in height, standing upon marble
columns. There is some excellent carving, thongh simple in
design, oil the capitals of the pillars ; and the general effect is
light and at the same time impressive. The architect, Mr.
J. D. Sedding, of 447, Oxford-street, may be congratulated on
his design, which not only pleases the eye, but is more sug¬
gestive of the purpose of the building than the Countess of
Huntingdon's chapel, on the site of which the Chnrch of the
Holy Redeemer now stands. The site was given by the Marquis
of Northampton, and the cost of the building is abont £7000.
CAMP-BAGGAGE ELEPHANTS IN BURMAH.
To change quarters in Upper Burmah, to relieve a post, or to
make even a short march, is often attended by some worries
and anxieties about the conveyance of baggage. Of the means
of transport there is frequently a choice, as carts, mnles, ponies,
and coolies are employed in this service, according to circum¬
stances : and the elephant is also requisitioned for duty, espe¬
cially in and about the neighbourhood of Mandalay, where the
stud of the deposed King Thcebaw was added to the animals of
the Transport Department. Picking his way with carefnl
tread along the slippery roads, or np the mountain paths of the
Shan Hills, the intelligent and hard-working beast conveys on
his capacious back 8fX) lb. or 1000 lb. weight of baggage ; and,
of this concession to make a route through to Matabeleland,
where they, too, are intent on Mashona gold!
They placed a pont on the Crocodile river, and
sent Mr. Grobler as their Consul to Lobengulo.
He passed by this pont, and entered Khama's
territory between the Maclontse and Shashi
rivers, violating thereby the British protectorate.
The Matabele King refnsed to receive him ; and
Grobler returned by the same ronte, but was
stopped by Khanta's men for going through his
country without leave, and by a route that
Khama will not recognise, while the trade route
through his town is free to all. Then ensued
the fight in which Grobler and three of bis
party were wonoded (Grobler has since died),
and seven of the Bamangwato were wounded.
This affray took place well within the protecto¬
rate. At the same time, another fight was going
on at the pont, of which Francis and Chapman,
with an armed party of Boers, had taken advan¬
tage to cross from the Transvaal, with a waggon
laden with arms and ammunition, intent cn
getting to Matabeleland, to induce Lobengulo to
support them against Khama about a concession
in the disputed territory between the Macloutoe
and Shashi rivers. This party attacked Khama's
men, but ultimately recrossed the river with
their waggons.
To inquire into the disputed facts or conflict¬
ing stories put forward by the parties. Sir
Sidney Shippard, K.C.M.G., the Administrator of
British Bechuanaland, was commissioned to hold
an inquiry on the spot. This inquiry was attended
by delegates from the Transvaal—General Joubert and Mr.
H. Pretorius, with their secretary, and two German officers of
the Transvaal Artillery. On the other side, Khama, chief of
the Bamangwato, was present with his brother Selechwe, and
the Rev. Mr. Hepbnrn, a well-known missionary who has long
resided in Khama's dominions. Sir Sidney Shippard had
travelled up along the north bank of the Crocodile, ns far as
Baines’ Drift, where the pont is placed, with an escort of
fifty mounted police under Major Goold Adams. He was
attended by Mr. Ashburnham, secretary to the Administrator
of Bechuanaland ; Major Goold Adams and Lieutenant
Lockner, of the Bechuanaland Border Police, were also present
at the Court of Inquiry. Onr Illustration, from a sketch by
Mr. E. A. Maund, shows the scene at a sitting of this Court,
with most of the gentlemen seated on boxes, as there are few
chairs in that part of the country. Many witnesses gave
their evidence, some in Dutch, and some in the Sechnana lan¬
guage, interpreters being employed. The evidence will be re¬
ferred to the consideration of the Crown lawyers. Another
Sketch is that of the British Commissioner’s camp, situated in
the bush or forest on the banks of the Crocodile river, where
the Union Jack was hoisted above Sir Sidney Shippnrd's tent.
The flag of the Transvaal Republic was hoisted on the opposite
side. Khama was enoamped near with about 4000 men, of
whom 300 were horsemen.
THE SPEAKER ON EDUCATIONAL EXAMINATIONS.
The Speaker presided at the annual prize distribution of Port¬
land Wesleyan School, Leamington, on Oct. 29, and delivered
an address on the sacrifice of education to
examinations. The great subject of education
was (he said) at this moment exciting an un¬
usual amount of attention in the country. It
threatened, even before long, to become a burn¬
ing question. It was a very curious thing that
this subject of education had been so long
before the country. If any gentleman would go
to the House of Commons and ask to see the
Journals of that Honse he wonld find that the
very earliest entry there was that of a Bill
introduced in 1547, entitled‘‘A Bill for the
Bringing-up of Poor Men's Children." From
that day to this they had had vast changes,
certainly, in the educational system, but it was
only recently that there had been anything like
a national system of education. Public
attention had been called in a leading review to
the question of these examinations. About a
month ago he was furnished with a document
asking for his adhesion by signature to a series
of statements to the effect that there were too
many examinations, and that examinations were
killing education. Prize-winning is a noble
ambition, but that ambition in itself might
degenerate into a downright vice. There was
in the sporting world a person known by the
name of the “pot-hunter.” So it was with
some boys and girls who were encouraged by
their friends—held up as models by the school
in which they received their training. There
was, however, grave danger in the system.
Were these prizes ends or were they means 1 If
they were means to something else, well and
good ; let them be taken and enjoyed, and let
those who win them get a proper meed of
honour. What he disputed and deprecated was
the habit of going in for prizes alone. Com¬
plaints were being made now that they were
spread all over the country that the examina¬
tions were becoming too rigid, too systematised,
and that they did not allow the play of in¬
dividual minds to prove themselves, and the
result was that they did not always get the best
boys or girls for their examinations. He was
at the journey's end. kneels obediently at the word of command
of the mahout, a preliminary, os he well knowB, to bisenits or
chupatties, the reward of his day's labour. Our Illustration is
from a sketch by Lieutenant A. E. Congdon, of the 2nd
Battalion Royal Munster Fusiliers at Maymyo, Upper Burmah.
Ia recognition of his pablic services during the past year
the Qnecn lias conferred the honour of knighthood on Mr.
De Keyser, the retiring Lord Mayor.
The old Crimean colours of the 2nd Battalion Border
Regiment (formerly the 55th) have been deposited in Kendal
parish charch, the regiment having recently been presented
with new colours by the Duke of Cambridge.
asking for the abolition of competition or
the abolition of examination. That was impossible under the
English system, unless they reverted to pure patronage and
favour, which none of them wished to do. It was impossible
to believe that the questions put to children in schools and
yonng men entering public offices were exactly those which
were best fitted to show they had profited by their education.
There was a class of persons who played into the examiners
hands, and he was sorry to say tho examiners played into
their hands. It was known what kind of examination was to
be held ; and a class of people known as crammers crammed
boys up for this special examination, and the result was an
artificial system throughout. The examinations should and must
be sensible examinations, and snch as to elioit the whole mental
calibre of the boy, and to detect and defeat a system of cramming.
THE GERMAN EMPEROR IN ITALY.
Some account has been given of the visit of the Emperor
William II. to the King of Italy, and his Majesty’s sojourn at
Rome, and for two days at Naples, between Oct. 11 and
Oct. 10, with the military review at Centoeelle. the naval
review and launch of a great war-ship at Castellamare, and
other interesting spectacles provided for his entertainment.
The arrival of the King and his Imperial gnest at Naples,
on Oct. IB. was greeted with enthusiastic popular acclamations.
Their Majesties, accompanied by Prince Henry of Prussia and
the Dukes of Aosta and Genoa, were received at the railway-
station by the Mayor of Naples and the civil and military
authorities. The Royal party drove to the palace through the
Strada Carriers, the Via Grande, the Strada Foria, the Corso
Garibaldi, and the Via di Toledo, which is now called Via
Roma. The Emperor and the King were everywhere received
with the utmost enthusiasm by the crowds in the streets. The
cortege was followed'by the Workmen’s Associations from the
suburbs, headed by bands of music, as well as by the Fisher¬
men's Company, in picturesque costumes. The Piazza del
Plebiscite, in front of the Royal Palace, was crammed with
spectators. On the appearance of the Emperor’s carriage the
applauss became deafening, and continued as the Royal party
entered the palace, the cries of “ Long live the Emperor,” and
‘ Long live the King,” being incessant. The Emperor and
King Humbert, with the Royal Princes, shortly afterwards
appeared on the balcony, when the«cclamations of the people
were renewed with increased vigour.
Very soon after his arrival the Emperor went out with the
King to visit the Museum, where Signor Botticelli, the
Minister of Public Instruction, was waiting to conduct their
Majesties through the building and point out the principal
objects of interest. The visit lasted an hour and a half, during
which the Emperor conversed with the Ministers and Generals
in attendance. In the evening the Piazza del Plebiscite, on
one side of which the palace stands, was lighted up in very
effective style. While a band played a serenade in front of the
palace, the Emperor and King Humbert came ont on the
balcony and remained several minutes in view of the people.
At Rome, on the 18th, in the evening, after the return of
their Majesties from Naples, the Emperor, Prince Henry, the
King and Queen, and several members of tbe Italian Royal
family went to the Palatine to view the illumination of the
Coliseum, the Forum, and other monuments of the ancient
city. The display of fireworks thrown np from the interior
of the Colisenm, and casting, as they rose above its stupendous
walls, a vivid glare of light on the ruins of Imperial Roma
was, indeed, a strange and marvellous exhibition.
THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION.
The sittings of the three judicial Commissioners, Sir James
Hannen, Mr. Justice Day, and Mr. Justice A. L. Smith,
appointed under an Act of Parliament to inquire concerning
the charges and allegations set forth by the Timet, and by the
Counsel for its proprietor in tbe trial of “ O’Donnell v.
Walter,” against Mr. Parnell and many Irish members of
Parliament and others connected with the Land League and
the National League, were resumed on Tuesday, Oct. 30, in the
Probate Court,, Royal Courts of Justice. The Attorney-General,
Sir Richard Webster, the leading Counsel for the Timet, had
finished hie speech on Friday, the 2Bth, having gone through
all the matters of which he was prepared to bring evidence.
The other Counsel on that side were Sir Henry James, Q.C.,
Mr. Mnrphy, Q.C.,and Mr. W.Graham, of the English Bar,and
Mr. John Atkinson, Q.C., and Mr. Ronau of the Irish Bar.
Mr. Parnell was represented by Sir C. Russell, Q.C., and Mr.
Asqnith ; and tbe other members of Parliament against whom
charges have been brought by Mr. R. T. Reid, Q.C., Mr. F.
Lockwood, Q.C., Mr. Lionel Hart. Mr. A. O'Connor, and Mr.
A. Russell, of the English Bar, and Mr. T. Harrington, of the
Irish Bar. Mr. Hammond (solicitor) represented Mr. Chance.
Mr. Biggar and Mr. Davitt appeared in person. Sir Walter
Phillimore and Mr. Fitzgerald appeared for the Hibernian
Bank, and Mr. Wheeler, Q.C., for tbe National Bank. The
first business on Tuesday, the 30th, was to decide on an
application to enforce the order to produce the books of these
banks for inspection of the National League banking accounts,
as well as the cheques and other documents concerning thoBe
accounts. The Court resolved to enforce this order. The
Attorney - General then called his first witness, Bernard
O'Malley, a head-eonstable of the Irish Constabulary, to give
evidence of speeches made in July, 1880, at Milltown Malbay,
Clare, by Thomas Brennan, J. W. Nntly, and others, and in
Galway, a few months later, by Mr. Matthew Harris, Patrick
Gordon, and others, inciting the people to fight, and threaten¬
ing the landlords with violence. Evidence of the same kind
was given by another head-conBtable named Irwin, and the
Court adjourned for the day.
The fonr-light west window of the south aisle of Ruabon
Church, North Wales, has been recently filled by the Dowager
Lady Williams Wynn with some finely-painted glass to the
memory of her late husband, Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, the
sixth Baronet, who died at Wynnstay in 1881. Messrs. Ward
and Hughes, of London, arc tbe artists.
!f
*
t
1
On the fiitle of the Breakwater towards the sea.
Opening Ceremony at the Llght-home. . v ' te “ along the Brmkwater, from the Light-house.
’HE BIGHT HON. W. H. SMITH OPENING THE SOUTH GARE BREAKWATER, AT THE MOUTH OF THE TEES, NEAR MIDDLESBROUGH.
}
NEW BREAKWATER AT MOUTH OF THE
TEES.
A public wotk of much importance to the commerce of
Stoekton-upon-Tees, and the coal and iron districts of Middles¬
brough and Cleveland,has just been completed. On Thursday,
Oct. 25, the Right Hon. W. H. Smith, 51.P.. First Lord of her
Majesty's Treasury, formally opened the South Gare Break¬
water at the month of the Tees, which has been constructed at
a net cost of £250,000. The improvement of that river reflects
great credit npon the Tees Conservancy Commissioners, con¬
sisting of Sir Joseph Whitwell Pease, 5LP., the chairman, and
several other gentlemen largely interested in the industries of
the district. Fifty years ago, Middlesbrough was a lonely
hamlet, amidst a waste of marshes, sandbanks, and waters of
the Tees estuary. The disoovery of the Cleveland ironstone,
the works of Messrs. Bolckow and Vaughan, established
between 1840 and 1850, and since greatly extended,
and more recently the working of rock salt, have
brought a large industrial population, supported by
capital to the amount of several millions sterling. The
river has been greatly improved to meet the growing require¬
ments of the iron and other trades. Miles of training walls
and great breakwaters have been formed of millions of tons of
slag, the waste product from the blast furnaces; and the wide
estuary between Redcar and Seaton Snook lias heen converted
'“to, a spacious harbour of refuge, guarded by a corps of
Marine Engineers, famished with the most scientific electrical
WIPjhances. t Vessels from all parts of the world come to
Middlesbrough and find every accommodation in the docks,
ine borough has now a population of 75.000. and there are
signs of further extension on every side. In 1852 the Tees Con¬
servancy Commission was formed and took the management
ol the river, having for their engineer Mr John Fowler, who
died very recently. Before they began operations there were
three, and sometimes four, channels in the estuary, all very
shallow, and, owing to the shifting sand-banks, subject
to be frequently changed. The Commissioners selected tbe
south channel, and by dikes and dredging n u le it safe and
easily navigable. From Stockton Bridge to the month of the
river twenty miles of low-water training walls have been
erected for the purpose of confining the channel to one course,
increasing the volume of water and its scouring power. By
dredging in the bed of the river its depth from Stockton down¬
wards has been increased. The total quantity dredged since
1854 has been about 22,700,000 tons, of which 2,120,750 tons
were dredged last year. Several projections have been cut
off. and the portion cut between Stockton and Newport has
been widened. Dangerous reefs have been removed by
blasting, and fourteen miles of high-water embankments
have been constructed. About 2600 acres of land have
been reclaimed, of which over 1000 acres have been
sold. Graving and ship docks have also been built by tbe
Commissioners. The most important, difficult, and costly
work undertaken by the Commissioners was the breakwaters,
the object of which, by fixing the sandbank, was to improve
the passage over the bar and the channel of the river, while it
would form a harbour of refuge in stormy weather. It was
pointed out that by using the waste slag from the blast
furnaces in the district the breakwaters might be constructed
at a much less cost than of stone. Plans were prepared by Mr.
Fowler, and it was resolved to proceed with the work, the
Pnblio Works Loan Commissioners lending the Tecs Con¬
servancy £80,000 with whioh to commence operations. The
work was carried on under great difficulties, as heavy storms
destroyed it from time to time. In 1873 it was resolved to
protect the slag with concrete, adding greatly to the
cost; bnt this appeared to be the only way in which the
violence of the waves could be checked, heavy seas sometimes
carrying nwny ns much as 100 feet of slag from one side of the
embankment. A circle of concrete blocks, weighing each from
10 tons to 300 tons, protects the toe of the end of the break¬
water, upon which has been erected a light-house with an iron
shaft. There is a wrought-iron lantern, with a revolving
heliophotal apparatus of the fourth order, and the focal piano
of tbo light is 35 ft, abovo the level of the sen. The total
length of the South Gare Breakwater is about two miles and a
half. In 1863 the depth at the bar at low-water was 34 ft,,
and now it is lil ft. The construction of the North Gare
Breakwater was begun about seven years ago, and is making
satisfactory progress.
The death is announced of the Dowager Maharanee of
Indore. The Maharanee left the seals to the next senior
dowager, and, previous to her death, informed the British
Resident about the future succession, and also sent a telegram
to the Viceroy.
• The late Mr. H, S. Leifchild, a sculptor of mnch talent,
left in his studio, at 13. Kirkstall-road. close to the railway-
station nt Streatham-hill, some works deserving the attention
of those interested in ideal sculpture. These may be inspected
by visitors during the next few weeks, and collectors or
connoisseurs of snch works of art should avail themselves of
the opportunity. Examples of Mr. Leifchild's style, from the
beginning to the end of his career, will be found in tbe studio.
They include the marble statue (heroic size) of the Greek
poetess Erinna. which was exhibited in the Royal Academy in
1864. and which has been purchased to be presented to Hollo¬
way College ; also the grand figureof *• Opportunity,” exhibited
iu 1882 ; and many others, some of which are to bo placed iu
the art galleries of the Castle Museum at Nottingham.
Hiw#
■pi
#Bffei
!moss
THE ILLUsTKATED LOxVDOM NEWS.'Kov. 4, 1888.
J. Illumination of the CoHaeom at Rom®. S. The Emperor and the King ot Italy passing through tho- Via Boma (formerly the Toledo) al
VISIT OF THE CEBMAN EMPEBOtt TO BOMB AND NAPLES.
Ha Roma (formerly the Toledo) at Noplea. 3. Illumination of the Piazza del Plebiscite ot Napl**.
ED AT THE BOYAL UNITED SERVICE INSTITUTION.
618
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 8, 1888
THE NEW WAR GAME, “ POLEMOS.”
Professional and amateur students of the art of modern
military tactics have recently had introduced to their notice a
new game, invented by Dr. D. C. B. Griffith, of Brighton,
which seems both interesting and instructive. Differing con¬
siderably from the “Kriegspiel” and other games of this kind,
it is well adapted to represent, within a limited area, any kind
of field-manccnvrcg in which a complete regiment is the recog¬
nised unit. The game is played on a cloth 10 ft. by 5 ft.,
divided into squares, each representing a distance of 400 yards,
and can be set out on an ordinary dining-table. The opposing
forces arc represented'by an equal number of regiments and
batteries of artillery, each distinguished by its
uniform and arms. The field of operations can
be varied by the addition, in any form, of hills,
rivers, redoubts, lines of intrenchment, and
buildings -the possession of which may con¬
stitute the special object of attack or defence,
or the winning-point of the game. Well-defined
rules, which are quite consistent with lill the
general principles of warfare, determine the
mode of advance (front or flank) of each
regiment, in column or line, the time and space
covered in a move, the delay caused by obstacles,
and other point*. Chance has no place in the
game : the winning-point can be determined by
mutual consent in any position, and no umpire
is needed. A full description of the game can
be obtained from Mr. Roles, 32, Duke-street,
Brighton. It obtained a prize medal at the
International Inventions Exhibition of 1885.
For a right understanding of this war-game,
a critical position of which is shown in our
Illustration, we must give a short description of
whut is taking place.
The tract of undulating country represented
on the map or key-plan is about five miles by
seven. Its chief feature is an impassable river,
winding from left to right, between three hills
from 600 to 8(8) ft. in height. The river is
crossed by a bridge at B, and by another,
several miles lower down its course, at C.
The opposing forces engaged are, roughly
speaking, about 10,000 men of all arms on either
side. They are here respectively distinguished
on the table by flags with diagonal divisions of black and
white, for the attacking force ; and by flags displaying three
periwndicular divisions, black, white, and shaded, for the
defending force. On the key-plan, the squares of the defend¬
ing force are black.
A town is supposed to be well away to the extreme left of
the battle-field ; the object of the defending force is to cover
this town from a hostile force known to be about fifteen miles
distant to the right, and to be rapidly advancing to the attack.
This attacking force is reported to be divided. About one third
of it is on the left hank, or further side, of the river, and is
composed of one regiment of cavalry and three battalions of
infantry. The main body is on the right bank, or near side,
of the river, and consists of the staff, two batteries of artillery
(of six guns each), one regiment of cavalry, and five battalions
of infantry. Both divisions are making for the bridge at C,
in order to effect a junction there.
The defending force, for their part, send forward one
battery of artillery (six guns), one regiment of cavalry, aud
two battalions of infantry, to occupy the hill marked No. 1,
on the left, or further bank of the river. On the right, or near
bank, one battalion of infantry is ordered to occupy the hill
marked No. 3, and to entrench itself there; and is accom¬
panied by the staff, which takes up a commanding position on
the top of the hill. The main body, consisting of one battery
of artillery (six guns), one regiment of cavalry, and five
battalions of infantry, meantime advances, and occnpies the
hill marked No. 2, and the plain to the right of it.
From its higher ground the defending force descries the
enemy marching to capture the Bridge C. Orders are imme¬
diately given for the simultaneous advance of the troops on
both sides of the river, from Hills 1 and 2, and from the plain
to the right of Hill 2 ; in order to prevent, if possible, the
seizure of Bridge C, and the consequent amalgamation of the
hostile force.
The batteries and cavalry on both sides are soon in action ;
but the infantry of the attacking force, getting
up to the support of their cavalry and artillery
before the infantry of the defending force can
come up on their side, after a sharp skirmish
drive the defenders back, and they eventually
retreat to their former positions on Hill 2 and
the adjacent plain, where they at once commence
entrenching themselves.
The assailants, having thus gained possession
of Bridge C. proceed to throw up entrenchments
for its protection on the right bank of the
river and opposite Hill 2. When safely en¬
trenched, a battery is despatched over the bridge
to the assistance of their hard-pressed troops on
the left bank. Thus reinforced, these are now
enabled likewise to drive back the weaker force
in front of them to Hill 1. The battery, the
cavalry, and one battalion of infantry attack
this hill in front, while the other two battalions
of iufautry succeed in working round to the far
side of the hill, and attack it in flank. The
defenders, being thus outflanked and out¬
numbered, are compelled to retire ; they retreat
over Bridge B, which they blow up, losing
severely while doing this under a heavy fire
from the hostile battery, which gains the summit
of Hill 1.
The Hill 1 being thus captured, and that
side of the river being cleared of the defenders,
the staff proceeds to take up its position there ;
the attacking infantry push on some distance up
the river and begin throwing a pontoon-bridge
at A, and the cavalry are sent back over Bridge C to strengthen
the main body of the assailants, now in its torn hard pressed.
For, in the meantime, the defenders on and about Hill 2,
.observing that the force in front of them is weakened by the
before-mentioned withdrawal over the river of one battery,
nnd by the loss of the support of the troops which have gone
forward to attack Hill 1, once more advance to the assault; but
the enemy, being entrenched, succeed in repuLsing them, though
only after a close and severe struggle, in which they are for some
time in the greatest jeopardy, and the defenders again fall
back upon their old positions on and about Hill 2. It will be
remembered that the left wing of the defenders' troops driven
over Bridge B (which they blew up) consisted of one battery of
artillery (now reduced to throe guns), one regiment of cavalry,
and two battalions of infantry, now considerably weakened.
These are now ordered to take up the following positions. The
battery advances down the river in the valley between Hills 2
a:ul, although weak, attempts again to engage the
enemy's battery posted on Hill 1. The cavalry ride over Hill 3
to cover the flank of the infantry on the plain below Hill 2.
The two battalions march up the river to the rear, and
endeavour to check the crossing of the river by the three hostile
battalions over the Pontoon-Bridge A. nnd to preserve their
communications with the town. It is this particular crisis in
the game which was sketched by our Artist, and is represented
in our Illustration.
The snbscqnent denofiment and finale are as follow :—The
enemy’s battery on Hill 1 silences the defending battery in the
valley between Hills 2 and 3. Descending to the river-bank, it
then’begins to fire across the river upon the flank of the
defenders' troops, occupying Hill 3. This manoeuvre compels
the retirement of the two battalions in the extreme rear,
closely pursued by the three hostile battalions, which have
forced a passage over the Pontoon-Bridge A, and thus severed
the defenders' communications. The Hill 3 being thus made
untenable by the combined rear (infantry) and flank (artillery)
attack, is captured and occupied ; and the defenders are driven
into the valley between Hills 2 and 3, where they become
exposed to an enfilading fire from the battery on the other
side of the river, which, in order to reach them, takes up a
fresh position lower down. The main body of the enemy,
lying before Hill 2, observing that Hill 3 is now held by its own
battalions, at once advances from its intrenchmeuts and makes
a general attack upon the defenders, on Hill 2 and the out-
lying plain. The defenders, being thus surrounded, being
exposed to three fires, and having lost their line of communi¬
cations with the town in their rear, have no alternative but to
surrender, to escape annihilation.
PLANTING IN BRITISH NORTH BORNEO.
The last British consular report from British North Borneo
describes the progress which is being made there in the
introduction of new plants. Last year pepper appeared for
the first time among the exports, and much is expected in
future from it. It is a remunerative crop, and is rapidly
extending in the Bundoo district, where there is such a large
infusion of Chinese blood that the people may almost be said
to belong to that thriving and industrious race. In the
neighbourhood of Sandaknn Bay a British company is planting
Manila hemp and pineapples for the fibre. The same company
is also proceeding with the cultivation of Liberian coffee and
pepper, and coffee estates are being laid out elsewhere. It
is purposed shortly to give attention to indiarubber and
rattans. Both of these plants are indigenous, growing wild in
the forests, so that there can be no donbt of the suitability of
the country for their production, while, owing to their growing
under natural forest shade, their cultivation will not be
attended with the expenses incident to the opening and
maintenance of ordinary estates. During 1887 applications
for 278,335 acres of land were received by the Commissioner
of Lands, 218,000 by Dutch and about 00,000 acres by English
planters or companies.
The preachers at Westminster Abbey for November are :—
Sunday, 4th, at ten a.m., in choir, the Rev. J. H. Cheadle,
Minor Canon ; at three p.m., in choir. Canon Prothero.
Sunday, 11th, at ten a.m., in choir, the Bishop of Bedford ; at
three p.m., in choir, Canon Prothero. Sunday, 18th. at ten a.m.,
in choir. Canon Maclure, Vicar of Rochdale ; at three p.m., in
choir. Archdeacon Farrar. Sunday, 25th, at ten a.m., in choir,
Canon M'Cormick, Vicar of Hull ; at three p.m., in choir,
Archdeacon Farrar. Thursday, 1st, All Saints, at three p.m.,
in choir, the Dean of Windsor. Friday. 30th, St. Andrew, at
three p.m., in choir, the Rev. S. Flood Jones, Precentor.
THE OUTBREAK IN ZULULAND.
The suppression of the brief outbreak of native warfare in
Zululand, by the prompt action of the small British military
force nnder command of Lieutenant-General Smyth, has been
related in oar Journal. It was successfully accomplished in
the months of July and Angnst, when the insurgent chiefs,
members of the family of the late famous King Cetewayo,
were forced one after another to surrender. These persons
were Diniznlu. a son of Cetewayo, claiming to succeed him in
the Royal authority, and his three uncles, N’Dabuko, Somkeli,
and Tsingana. each of whom was the leader of several thousand
warriors of the former Zulu army. They had given credit to
a rumour last year that the British sovereignty
or protectorate over Zululand was about to be
withdrawn. Instead of this, Zululand was, in
August, 1887, formally annexed to the British
Empire. The disappointed partisans of a
restored native Kingdom then began to attack
Usibepn, a chief loyal to the British
authority ; and in June last there w'ere
gathering hosts of enemies in several parts
of the country. Dinizulu assembled a consider¬
able force of Usufus in the Cesa Bush, which is in
the north-west corner of Zululand, near the
frontier of the New Boer Republic. Tsingana
established himself in a strong position on the
Hlopekuln mountain ; while Somkeli retired to
his favourite stronghold of Donka-donka, amidst
the Bwamps and morasses adjacent to the great
St. Lncia lagoon, on the sea-coast. The police-
station of Umsindusi, on the Lower Umvolosi.
fifty miles north-east of Etshowe, in charge of
Mr. Pretorius, Assistant-Commissioner of the
Coast District, was closely besieged until
July 8, when it was relieved by Major M‘Kean,
with 160 of his Inniskilling Dragoons, a company
of the Inniskilling Fusiliers, and a company
of the North Staffordshire Regiment, aided by
John Dunn, the well-known “Zulu English¬
man, M with his “ impi" of 2000 natives, and
by 2<K) mounted Basutos. There was very little
fighting. The General in command then
established a line of military posts across the
country from Etshowe, the basis of operations, a
place noted for Colonel Pearson’s stout defence of
it during the Cetewayo war of 1879, to the advanced head-
uarters of his field-force at N’tonjaneni, of which we gave an
llnstration. A fort, named Fort M‘Kean, overlooking the
Umsindusi valley, was rapidly constructed, aud was left with
a sufficient garrison, while the mounted troops, divided into
three parties, were Bent by different routes through the in¬
surgent districts, where they soon broke up all large bodies of
the enemy. We have been favoured by Mr. Joshua A. Nunn,
F.R.G.S., veterinary Burgeon, of the Army Veterinary Depart¬
ment, with the two .Sketches now published. One is that of
the stronghold of Somkeli in the marshes towards St. Lucia
Bay ; the other is that of Indwandwa, in the north of Znlu-
land, where Usibepn was attacked by Dinizulu, and nearly all
the men of his tribe were slaughtered, which was the occasion
of the late war.
MUSIC.
The performances of the National Russian Opera Company at
the “ Jodrell” (late the “ Novelty”) theatre, have consisted of
repetitions of Rubinstein's opera”The Demon,” the produc¬
tion of which on the opening night of Oct. 22 has already
been noticed by us. The dramatic and vocal excellence of
M. Winogradow in the title-character has continued to be a
special feature in the representations of Rubinstein’s opera;
and it is to be hoped that the theatrical performances of the
company will be attended with a success that may compensate
for the unsatisfactory results of the previous concerts given
at the Royal Albert Hall. It is said that M. Winogradow has
been engaged by Mr. Augustus Harris for five years in associ¬
ation with his forthcoming Italian Opera seasons.
The third of the new series of Saturday Afternoon Concerts
at the Crystal Palace took place on Oct. 27, when the pro¬
gramme comprised several special features. Absolute novel¬
ties were a “ Benedictns,” by Dr. Mackenzie, and an “ Offertoire,”
for organ, by Mr. J. F. Barnett. The first-named piece is for
violins, with accompaniment of wind instru¬
ments. and contains some charmingly melodious
writing, replete with graceful expression. It is
an adaptation and amplification of one of a set
of pieces for violin and pianoforte by the same
composer. Mr. Barnett's organ piece was in¬
tended for performance at the recent Birmingham
Festival. It is in an appropriate style of calm
placidity, and gained deserved applause. It was
ably rendered by the composer. Herr Grieg's
concert-overture, ** In Autumn ” (given at the
Birmingham Festival last August) ; and an
effective scena, At the cloister-gate,” for two
female voices, female chorus, orchestra, and
organ (by the same composer), were features in
the concert now referred to, which likewise
included Mendelssohn s ** Hymn of Praise," the
solo vocalists in which were Misses Anna
Williams and M. Curran and Mr. Lloyd—the
ladies having been the soloists in Herr Grieg's
scena, and the gentleman having contributed
the “Preislied" from Wagner's “Die Meister-
singer.”
Mr. William Carter has begun a new series
of his grand festival concerts at the Royal
Albert Hall, the opening performance of which
was of a Scottish character in celebration of
Hallowe'en.
An important addition will be made to
mnsical activity on Nov. 7, when the institution
hitherto known as the Royal Albert Hall Choral
Society will enter on its eighteenth season
under the chauged title of the “ Royal Choral Society.” The
gigantic choir trained and conducted by Mr. Barnby has long
ago attained special eminence by the excellence of its per¬
formances, and these will again be heard in Mozart's
“ Requiem ” and Rossini's “ Stabat Mater ” on Nov. 7.
The recent provincial tour of the Marie Rose Opera Com¬
pany has been attended with such special success that arrange¬
ments have l>een made by Mr. N. Vert for another series of
performances, to be given in Scotland and Ireland as well as
in England, commencing early in January. These per¬
formances will not change the date of Madame Marie Roze’s
departure for her projected tour in Australia, America, 4cc.
Mr. Pritchard Morgan has been elected member of Parlia¬
ment for Merthyr Tydfil, in the place of the late Mr. Henry
Richard. He polled 714y votes, against 4956 given to Mr.
Griffiths.
VALLEY OF T1IE lMVoLOSI, Zl LL LAN1), LOOKING TOWAK VS SOMKBLl’S STRONGHOLD
AND ST. LUCIA BAY.
NOV. 3, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON HEWS
619
BY DERBYSHIRE STREAMS.
THE VALE OF THE DERWENT.
Away ronder to the north the moorland stretches for miles in
shadow ; but down here in the vale of the Woodlands the sun¬
light is* peeping. touching 1 the waters of the Derwent with
silvery tints, glistening the wet breasts of the moss-grown
stones against which the river's spray is ever tossing, and form¬
ing delicate often-changing traceries on pasture and rougher
hillside—a graceful fretwork of foliage reflected by this shaft
of sunlight as it moves through the woods. The leaves, flecked
with gold and brown and ruddier hues, are gently fluttered by
how, with strange caprice, it has been coquetting with the
willows and rushes, and endeavouring to tie itself into a knot
ever since it glided beneath the bridge at llakewell, and
danced over the weirs in its path. It is a smiling, pleasant,
sylvan vale through which the Wye flows from the pleasant
market-town, past Haddon Hall, until lost in the Derwent at
Rowsley.
There are many worshippers of Haddon, the grey hall by
the riverside in which the King of the Peak revelled with his
friends and kicked his retainers. It is a real relic of the past,
with its banqueting-ball and minstrels’ gallery; and wain¬
scot ted ball-room, in which many a proud dame has tripped
with courtly grace. But if you have the poetic temperament,
the time to set' Haddon is at night, when yon have grassed
your last grayling below the little bridge at the evening rise,
and are free to watch the mists in their autumn manoeuvres—
how silently and adroitly they mass under their phantom
leader, and sweep majestically over the country side in fan¬
tastic formation 1 Suddenly the mist squadrons are routed by
the breeze, and the valley is bathed in a silvery light that
etherialises the old hall. Then you can almost imagine you
bear the sound of the harp ami the rustle of brocade as
the fair ladies dance, and the whisper amid the yews on the
terrace—and that the hurrying figures yonder on the white
road are t lie forms of John Manners and Dorothy Vernon, the
runaway lovers.
At Haddon yon get the romance of history ; in Miller's
Da'c the romance of Nature ! The Wye—born in the darkness
of Poole’s Hole, and curbed at Buxton to make tiny lakes in
the gardens—hums tunefully about its own liberty as it leaps
ami eddies through Miller’s Dale. Its waters break, pure
white, against stubborn rock ; or gently flow, like molten
silver, over smooth boulder: or tumble foam-tipped on
stony bed, making joyous cadence in their riot; or swirl
beyond the current into some tiny inlet to lap the drooping
flowers. The stream goes through a wild glen. Limestone
crags hem in “the murmuring waters” and the rough path
by the Wye. The great, high, grotesquely-shaped crags
are always with you. Here, there is a rustic bridge : there, a
grass-grown dell. In that cleft of the limestone the dark-
green moss is sheltering. Yonder is a tangle of trailing foliage
and bracken mossed thickly. The trees cluster in nook and
on slope, and the daring foliage creeps about the breast and
brow of nearly every crag.
'1 lie sprite of autumn has touched the dale, mingling w ith
the white and grey of the limestone the brilliant, but fleeting,
glory of a myriad fading leaves. And in the midst of this
russet and golden glow towers Chee Tor—lifts its bead proudly
above the rushing stream, and its mighty form is almost as
bare as on the day, centuries ago, when the earth moved in
volcanic unrest, and parted the crag from its mate, that stands
disconsolately across the brook trying in vain to hide its
ashen face with trailing verdure.
ART NOTES.
It is to the lasting honour of University College, London, that
it was the first teaching body which opened its portals to
women anxious to take their place as bread-winners. The
example given by the Senate in Gower-street has been followed
in all other seats of learning, and it is now within the reach
of women to finish their education where and how they think
fit. A harder trial of their faith in woman’s rights to reap the
fruits of her labour now awaits the decision of the same body.
The Chair of Archeology is now vacant by the resignation of
Sir Charles Newton, and amongst the candidates pne of
the west wind, reminded that there is a limit to life, and they
fall to die in rich clusters, whispering as they go of the love¬
liness of the Ashopton glen.
With light knapsack, and lighter rod. you wander by the
river-side, skirt the base of Win hi 11 and the village of Hathers-
age. noted as the burial-place of Robin Hood’s giantlike
friend, Little John, and as the locality in which Charlotte
Bronte’s heroine, “Jane Eyre.” sprang into literary being.
The stream grows wider. dee|**r. and really attains the dignity
of a river as it flows sedately through the wide-sweeping valley
fringed by the high ridge of Froggatt Edge.
There is no prettier part of the Derwent’s course than this
in the whole of its fifty miles’ wandering, from its source on
the Yorkshire border to the county town. Whether viewed
from the timeworn bridge at Grindleford. or the doorway of
the Chequers’ Inn. it i« a delightful picture of fertile country,
that seems in the sunshine to be clasped by a broad belt of
silver—a picture of grey-stone homesteads and orchards and
far-stretching pastures, sloped and bordered by rich woods,
and fringed by great rocks and ”a wilderness of heath.”
The vale of the Derwent has a charm beyond its own beauty.
It is the threshold, as it were, to much that is curious, and not
a little that is historic. Castleton, with its strange caves and
subterranean streams, is not far away ; and Stoney Middleton,
with its dark gritstone cottages clinging to the crags, ami its
legend of “The Lover’s Leap.” lies round the bend from Stoke
Hall. While a little further away is Eyam, one of the
quaintest villages of the Peak, with its memories of the piteous
Plague, and its stories of heroism at that grievous time.
Along a quiet country road—almost, a lane—getting glimpses
nowand then of the coy river, you have reached the village of
Baslow, a well-known holiday lmunt with the workers of
Lancashire and Yorkshire. Go over the bridge,
by the homely cottages, aud on the narrow
path into Ohatsworth Park. The Derwent
there is not difficult to wade, nor is fishing a
mere tradition. But it is impossible to con¬
centrate your thoughts entirely on the river,
there is so much to see on its hanks—the great
house, rich in sculpture, painting, ami litera¬
ture. shining white ami golden in the sunlight;
the moat-rimmed, ivy-wreathed bower close
hv, associated with the.captivity of the Scottish
Queen ; the arcadian village of Edensor, with
its cosy houses and pretty gardens, ami simple
grave in the churchyard, around which
gathered six years ago much that was dt *
tingnished in English political and social life,
after the tragedy in Phumix Park. Xutw.th-
sta ruling this sad memory you think the
Cavendish, domain a paradise.especially as you
stroll through the gardens, along broad terrace,
or narrow, shadowed path, by fountain and
cascade, by tropical vegetation and familiar
flowers, and the famous tree that., like a
modern hypocrite, can turn on its tears at
will. But, after all. Ohatsworth is seen at its
best from the wooded ridge that gives foot¬
hold to the hunting-tower and leads you by
moss-grown steps and winding ways to forest
depths. The picturesque stateliness of the
scene from the ridge prompts the thought
that the old Duke (famous for his dignified
bearing and grandeur at the St. Petersburg
Court) must have stamped the place with “ the Devonshire
manner.”
ALONG THE WYE.
The Derwent flows by many a noted haunt after leaving
Ohatsworth. Through Darlev Dale, within a stone’s-throw of
the ancient yew-tree; at the base of High Tor, at Matlock ;
|J”} r I^ a Hurst—Florence Nightingale’s old house ; and by
Helper, the nail-makers’ workshop and factory of hosiery, to
Herby, the thriving county town ; but at Itowsley we must
oreak away from the river, and saunter by another Derbv-
J" ,re stream—the Wye. It is a winsome rivulet. It frolics
nrough the Haddon pastures, joyously embracing the brook
tlint comes tumbling down Latkill Dale, and hos a fine
story to tell the foam-flcckuJ waters from the upland, of
IN POVK DALE.
Miller’s Dale and its solitude are now far behind you. What
a quiet hamlet is Harrington, at which you have slept
through the stormy night, undisturbed by the wind and rain !
The morning is radiant. Down yonder, in the tree-shadowed
depths of Beresford Dale, Charles Cotton’s fishing-house and
the winding Dove are in a dazzle of sunlight. You will
never—though sorrow, privation, and despair may fleck your
life—forget this stroll by the river that Izaak Walton loved.
There arc people who suy that Dove Dale is gaunt and un¬
interesting. But you admire the bend of the stream, and the
great, grim crags that stand half-clad, not a bit ashamed of
their grotesque shape, just as if they were scorning their critics.
The sunshine tries to oust the gloom from the greystone caves.
The firs look less sombre in its beams. The dale is bright
w ith the fitful colour of autumn foliage. The butterfly lingers
in the genial solitude. The swallow skims the water sadly,
loth to depart, yet conscious that it is time for his southern
flight. The grayling, gleaming with purple and silver, rises
unsuspectingly, with his tapering snout pointed to the surface
of the stream. There is harmony in the life and colour all
around you. Even the sedges seem to be moviug with rhythm
to the sweet voice of the Dove.
At “ The Straits,” the narrowest part of the dale, there will
soon be the roar and spray-leap of the winter's torrent; but
the river, in the few pleasant sunlit days that yet remain
to os, ripples through a scene of exceeding beauty. Watching
the golden shafts of light play on crag and frothing water, and
cleft in which lichen and fern are hiding, you think how lovely
is this “Sweet pass of the Dove, ’mid rock, river, and dingle”;
and are scarcely surprised that Rousseau declared he would rather
live in a rabbit-warren here than in the finest room in town.
You are back in the city now, in the whirl of commerce, or
striving for fame, or, maybe, struggling for bread ; but neither
toil nor care nor bitterest regret will ever blur the memory of
your autumn saunter “ By Derbyshire Streams.” J. P.
Intelligence received from Alaska reports that thirteen
whalers are icebound to the north of Behring's Straits, and the
position of the ships, which have crews of over five hundred
persons, is considered hopeless.
Mr. W. H, Smith has issued a circular to the supporters of
the Government announcing the reassembling of Parliament
on Nov. fi. and earnestly requesting their attendance on that
date and during the remainder of the Session.
the most prominent is Miss J. E. Harrison, whose qualifi¬
cations are generally recognised. Such as donbt her
powers as a lecturer can judge for themselves at this moment
from the course of lectures she is now giving on the
“ Monuments of Ancient Athens” at the South Kensington
Museum. The only other competitor of repute whose name is
mentioned in connection with the vacant chair is that of Mr.
Stuart Poole. It is difficult, however, to believe that, the
Trustees of the British Museum, who practically oblige!
Mr. Sidney Colvin to give up his Slade Professorship, will
allow Mr. Poole to hold the chair of Arclncology in connection
with his present post of Keeper of the Coins at the British
Museum. It is unlikely, moreover, that they would be willing
to he the first to fly in the face of the Royal Commission pre¬
sided over by Sir M. White Ridley, which has just reported so
strongly against Civil servants holding offices outside the
service.
Some of the smaller exhibitions which at this season open
to the public deserve a few words of passing notice ; but they
will be altogether oat of proportion to the interest which some
of these collections may afford. At the Fine Arts Society
(14#, New Bond-street) are to be seen 120 water-colours by
various artists, whose works are usually to be seen only at the
Old Society or at the Institute. The story goes that the
Committees of those bodies expressly forbade under severe
penalties any of their respective supporters to contribute to
this show ; but the warning has been unheeded, to judge from
the interesting specimens of works sent by Messrs. Alfred
Hunt. Albert Goodwin. W. L. Wyllie, Herbert Marshall, and
Charles Gregory ; by Mesdamcs Allingham and Cecil Lawson,
and by Misses Kate Sadler and Anna Alma-Tadema, but the
flowers iu water-colours, by these latter, are somewhat unduly
tried by their rapprochement with **M. Fantin
La tour's ” oils.
Messrs. Dowdeswells (1 60, New Bond-street)
have a pleasant little collection of water-colour
drawings illustrative of “ Our Country and
our Countryfolk,” by Mr. Arthur Hopkins and
Mr. C. Robertson. From South Devon to the
east coast of Yorkshire the two artists have
journeyed, like Dr. Syntax, in search of the
picturesque; and it cannot be said that the
journeyings have been fruitless. We are occa¬
sionally reminded of Walker and Mason by the
one, and of Mrs. Allingham by the other ; but
there are many connoisseurs who will think
that there is no harm in perpetuating, at the
loss of originality, two such excellent schools
of English art.
Messrs. Boimsod, Valadon (Goupil Gallery,
116. New Bond-street) have a small hut very
choice collection of the French paymtjiste* olf
the best period. Troyou, Theod. Rousseau. the
elder Daubigny, Corot, and Courbet show’ to
what elevation of poetry landscai>e-painting
can rise. Do such works serve no other
purpose than the raising of a standard which
is flouted and sneered at by the next genera¬
tion ? Such is a fair question to ask as we
turn from this collection to the Continental
Gallery (145, New Bond-street), where may be
seen a certain number, not perhaps the best,
but fairly typical works of the modern French
school of realism. Unquestionably there is
force, almost amounting to brutality, in such works as Realier-
Dumas’ “ Bonaparte,” as a young man picking up the besmirched
mantle of Royalty ; in Govsky’s treatment of the gruesome
story of Kosioraavoff ; in Cousin’s “ Breton Procession ” ; or
Friant’s “Scullers of the Meurthe.” The qualities which dis¬
tinguish these painters have as little in common with their own
countrymen of the last generation as they have with English
art of the present time, aud honestly we cannot wish to see
their method adopted by our countrymen.
“ Professor ” Higgins, an Englishman, successfully imitated
Mr. Baldwin’s aeronautical feat on Oct. 27 by descending
from a balloon by means of a parachute.
ls**S
■carriage t
522
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 8, 1888
wis formerly conn n'-d in that religion. Therefore, he thinks
Iris fortune is at the llooil. Hut what is to be clone, Madam r ”
" Indeed, Sir. I know not.”
He considered a while. His face was rough and coloured
like a ripe plum with the wind and the sun ; but he looked
honest aud lie did not, like Mr. l’ennc, pretend to shed tears
over my misfortunes.
“Those who join rebellions,” he said, but not unkindly,
“ generally find themselves out in their reckoning in the end.
What the deuce have gentlewomen to do with the pulling
down of Kings ! I warrant, now, you thought you were doing
a grand thing, and so you must needs go walking with those
pretty fools the Maids of Taunton! Well; 'tis past praying
for. George? lVnne is such a villain that kcel-lmaling is too
good for him. Flogged through the fleet at Spithead he
should be. Mndnm, I am not one who favours rebels; yet
you cannot sleep and mess with the scum down yonder.
’Twnuld be worse than inhuman—their talk and their manners
would kill you. There is a cabin aft which you can have.
The furniture is mean, but it will be your own while you are
aboard You shall mess at my table if you will so honour
me. You shall have the liberty of the quarter-deck.
I will also find for you, if I can, among the women
aboard, one somewhat less villainous than the rest, who shall
Ik- your grumeta, ns the Spaniards soy—your servant, that is—
to keep your enbin clean and do your bidding. When we make
llarbadoes there is no help for it, but you must go ashore with
the rest and take your chance.”
This was truly generous of the Captain, and I thanked him
with all my heart. He proved as good as his word, for though
he was a hard man, who duly maintained discipline, flogging
Ids prisoners with rigour, he treated me during the whole
voyage with kindness and pity, never forgetting daily to curse
the name of George l’enne and drink to his confusion.
The voyage lasted six weeks. At first we had rough
weather with heavy seas and rolling waves. Happily, I was
not made sick by the motion of the ship, and could always
stand upon the deck aud look at the waves (a spectuele, to my
mind, the grandest in the whole world). But, X fear, then;
was much suffering among the poor wretches—my fellow
prisoners. They were huddled and crowded together below
the deck ; they' were all seasick ; there was no doctor to
relieve their sufferings, nor were there any medicines for those
who wen- ill. Fever presently broke out among them, so that
we buried nine in the first fortnight of our voyage. After this,
the weather growing warm and the sen moderating, the sick
mended rapidly, and soon all were well again.
I used to stand upon the quarter-deck and look at them
gathered in the waist below. Never had I seen stteh a com¬
pany. They came, I heard, principally from London, which
is tin; rendezvous or head-quarters of all the rogues in the
country. They wen' all in rags—had anyone among them
possessed n decent coat it would have been snatched from his
back tile very first day ; they were dirty from the beginning;
many of them had cuts and wounds on "their heads gotten in
their fights and quarrels, and these wore bound about with
old clouts; their faces were not fresh-coloured and rosy, like
the faces of our honest country lads, but pale and sometimes
covered with rod blotches, caused by their evil lives and their
hard drinking; on their foreheads was clearly set the seal of
Satan. Never did I behold wickedness so manifestly stamped
upon the human countenance. They were like monkeys for
their knavish and thievish tricks. They stole everything that they
rould lay hands upon : pieces of rope, the sailors’ knives when
theveonldget them, even the marlinspikesif they were left about.
When they were caught and flogged they would make the ship
terrible with their shrieks, being cowards as prodigious as they
were thieves. They lay about all day ragged and dirty on
deck, in the place assigned to them, stupidly sleeping or else
silent and dampish, except for some of the young fellows who
gambled with cards—I know not for what stakes—and
quarrelled over the game and fought. It was an amusement
among the sailors to make these lads fight on the forecastle,
promising a pannikin of rum to the victor. For this miserable
prize they would fight with the greatest fury and desperation,
even bitiiig one another in their rage, while the sailors elnpped
their hands and encouraged them. 1’ity it is that the common
sort do still delight themselves with sport so brutal. On shore
these fellows would be rejoicing in cock-fights and bull-
baitings : on board they baited the prisoners.
There were among the prisoners twenty or thirty women,
the sweepings of the Bristol streets. They, too, would fight
as readily as the men, until the Captain forbade it under penalty
of a flogging. These women were to the full as wicked us the
men ; nay, their language was worse, insomuch that the very
sailors would stand aghast to hear the blasphemies they uttered
and would even remonstrate with them, saying, “ Nan,” or
“Foil”—they were all Polls and Nans—“’tis enough to
cause the ship to be struck with lightning ! Give over, now!
Wilt sink the ship's company with your foul tongue? ” But
the promise of a flogging kept them from fighting. Men, I
think, will brave anything for a moment’s gratification; but
not even the most hardened woman will willingly risk the pain
of the whip.
The Captain told me that of these convicts, of whom every
year whole shiploads are taken to Virginia, to Jamaica, and to
Barbadoes, not one in a hundred ever returns. “ For,” lie said,
“ thy work exacted from them is so severe, with so much ex¬
posure to a burning sun, and the fare is so hard, that they fall
into fevers anil calentures. And, besides the dangers from the
heat and the bad food, there is a drink called rum, or arrack,
which is distilled from the juice of the sugar-cane, and another
drink called ‘ mobbie,’ distilled from potatoes, which inflames
their blood and causes many to die before their time. More¬
over, the laws are harsh, and there is too much flogging and
branding and hanging. So that some fall into despair and, in
that condition of mind, die under the first illness which seizes
on them.”
“ Captain,” I said, “you forget that I am nlso to become
one of thc-e [>oor wretches.”
The Captain swore lustily that, on his return, he would
Seek out the villain Penuc and break his neck for him. Then
he assured me that the difference between myself and the
common herd would be immediately recognised"; that a rebel
is not a thief, and must not be so treated; and that I had
nothing to fear—nay, that he himself would say what he could
in my favour. But lie entreated me w ith the utmost vehemence
to send home an account of where I was, and what I was
enduring, to such of my friends as might have cither money to
relieve me from servitude or interest to procure a pardon.
Alas ! I had no triends. Mr. Boscorel, I knew full well, would
move heaven and earth to help me. But he could not do that
without his son finding out where I was; and this thought so
moved me that I implored the Captain to tell no one who I
was, or what was my history; and, for greater persuasion, I
revealed to him those parts of my history which I had hitherto
concealed, namely my marriage and the reason of that rash
step and my flight.
“Madam," he said, “I would that I had the power of
revenging these foul wrongs. For them, I swear, I would
kidnap both Mr. George Penno and Mr. Benjamin Boscorel;
and, look you, I would make them mess with the scum and
the sweepings whom we carry for’ard; and I would sell them
to the most inhuman of the planters, hv whom they would ho
daily beaten and cuffed aud Hogged; or, bitter still, would
cause them to be sold at Havana to the Spaniards, where they
would be employed, as are the English prisoners commonly by
that cruel people, namely, in fetching water under negro
overseers. I leave you to imagine how long they would live,
and what terrible treatment they would receive.”
So it was certain that I was going to a place where I must
look for very little mercy, unless I could buy it; and where the
white seivant was regarded us worth so many years of work;
not so much as a negro, because he doth sooner sink under the
hardships of his lot, while the negro continues frolick and
lusty, and marries and has children, even though he has to
toil all day in the sun, nnd is flogged continually to make him
work witli the greater heart.
Among the women on board was a young woman, not more
than eighteen or thereabout, who was called Deb. She had
no other name. Her birthplace she knew not; but she had
runabout the country with some tinkers, whose languageshesaid
is called “ Shelta ” by those people. This she could still talk.
They sold her in Bristol; after which her history is one which,
I learn, is common in towns. When the Captain bade her
come to the cabin, and ordered her to obey me in whatsoever
I commanded, she looked stupidly at him, shrinking from him
if he moved, as if she was accustomed (which was, indeed, the
case) to be beaten at every word. I made her first clean her¬
self and wash her clothes. This done, she slept in my cabin;
and, as the Captain promised, became my servant. At first
she was not only afraid of ill-treatment, hut she would
wilfully lie ; she purloined things and hid them: she told me
so many tales of her past life, all of them different, that
.1 could believe none. Yet when she presently found out
that I was not going to beat lier, and that the Captain did
never offer to cuff or kick her (which the poor wretch
expected) she left off telling falsehoods and became as handy,
obliging, nnd useful a creature as one could desire. She was
a great, strapping girl, black-eyed and with black hair, as
strong as any man, and a good-looking creature as well, to
those who like groat women.
This Deb, when, I say, she ceased to l>c afraid of me, began
to tell me her true history, which was, I suppose, only
remarkable because she seemed not to know that it was
shameful nnd wicked. She lived, ns the people among whom
she had been brought up lived, without the least sense or
knowledge of God: indeed, no heathen savage could be more
without religion than the tinkers nnd gipsies on the road.
They have no knowledge at all: they are bom; they live;
they die ; they are buried in a hedgeside, and are forgotten.
It was surprising to me to find that any woman could grow up
in a Christian country so ignorant and so unoared for. In the
end, as you shall hear, she showed every mark of penitence
and fell "into a godly and pious life.
My Captain continued in the same kindness towards me
throughout the voyage- suffering me to mess at his table,
where the provisions were plain hut wholesome, and encouraging
me to talk to him, seeming to take pleasure in my simple con¬
versation. In the mornings when, with a fair wind and full
sail, the ship ploughed through the water, while the sun was
hot overhead, he would make me a seat with a pillow in the
shade, and would then entreat me to tell him about the
rebellion and our flight to Black Down. Or he would
encourage me in serious talk (though his own conversation
with his sailors was over-much garnished with profane, oaths),
listening with grave face. And sometimes he would ask me
questions about the village of Bradford Oreas, my mother and
her wheel. Sir Christopher and the Rector, showing a wonderful
interest in everything Mint I told him. It was strange to sec
how this man. hard as he was with the prisoners (whom it was
necessary .to terrify, otherwise they might mutiny) could be so
gentle towards me, a stranger, nnd a costly one too, because
he was at the expense of maintaining me for'tile whole voyage,
nnd the whole time being of good mftnners. never rude or
rough, or offering the least freedom or familiarity—a thing
which a woman in my defenceless position naturally fears. He
could not have shown more respect unto a Queen. The I-ord
will surely reward him therefor.
One evening nt sunset, when we had been at sea six weeks,
he came to me as I was sitting on the quarter-deck and pointed
to what seemed a cloud in the west. ” 'Tis the island of Bar¬
badoes,” lie said. “ To-morrow, if this wind keeps fair, we
shall make the Port of St. Michael’s, which some call the
Bridge, and then, Mndnm, alas .' ’’—lie fetched a dopp sigh—
“ I must put you ashore nnd part with the sweetest companion
that over sailed across the ocean.”
He said no more, but left me as if he had other things to
say but stifled them. Presently the sun went down nnd dark¬
ness fell upon the waters; the 'wind also fell and the sea was
smooth, so that there was n great silence. “To-morrow," I
thought, “ we shall reach the port, and I shall be landed witli
these wretches and sent, perhaps, to toil in the fields.” But
yet my soul was upheld by the vision which had been granted
to me upon the Black Down Hills, and I feared nothing. This
I can say without boasting, because I had such weighty
reasons for the faith that was in me.
The Captain presently came back to me.
“ Madam.” lie said, “ suffer me to open my mind to you.”
“Sir,” I told him, “ there is nothing which I could refuse
you, saving my honour.”
“ I must confess,” he said, “ I have been tom in twain for
love of you, Madam, ever since you did me the honour to mess
at my table. Nav, hear me out. And I have been minded a
thousand times to assure you first that your marriage is no
marriage, and that von have not indeed any husband at all;
next, that since you ran never go back to your old sweetheart,
’tis better to find another who would protect and cherish you ;
and thirdly, that I am ready—nv ! and longing—now to he¬
roine your husband and protector, and to love you with all my
heart and soul.”
“Sir.” I' said. "I thank you for telling me this, which
indeed I did not suspect. But I am (nlas! as you know)
already married—even though my marriage he no true one—
and can never forget tile love which I still must bear to my
old sweetheart. Wherefore, I may not listen to any talk
of love.”
“ If,” ho replied, “you were a woman after the common
pattern you would right gladly cast aside the chains of this
marringe ceremony. But, Madam, you are a saint. There¬
fore, I refrained.” He sighed. “I confess that I have been
dragged ns by chains to lay myself at your feet. Well; that
must not be.” He sighed again. “ Yet I would save you.
Madam, from the dangers of this place. The merchants and
planters do, for the most part, though gentlemen of good
birth, lead debauched and ungodly lives, and I fear that,
though they may spare you the hardships of the field, they
may offer you other and worse indignities.”
I answered in the words of David: “ The Lord hath de¬
livered me out of the paw of the lion, nnd out of the paw of
the boar; He will deliver me out of the hand of the
Philistines.”
“ Nay; but there is a way: you need not land at all. It
ia but a scratch of the pen, and I will enter your name among
those who died upon the voyage. There will be no more
inquiry, any more than after the other names, and then I can
carry yon back witli me to the Port of London, whither I am
bound after taking in my cargo.”
For a space 1 was sorely tempted. Then I reflected. It
would-be, I remembered, by consenting to the Captain’s
treachery towards his employers, nothing less, that I could
escape this lot.
“No, Sir,” I said; “I thank you from my heart for all
your kindness and for your forbearance; but we may not con¬
sent together unto this sin. Again, I thank you ; but I must
suffer what is laid upon me.”
He knelt nt my feet and kissed my hands, saying nothing
more; nnd presently I went to my enbin, and so ended my
first voyage across the great Atlantic Ocean. In the morning,
when I awoke, we were beating off Carlisle Bay, and I felt like
unto one of those Christian martyrs, of whom I have read,
whom they were about to lead forth and cast unto the lions.
[Tohe continued.)
THE LAND OF NOD.
There's a beautiful Land that the Children know,
Where it's Summer the whole year round ;
Where chocolate-drops, and balls and tops,
Lie thick on the grassy ground;
Where the trees grow torts and Banbnry hearts,
And bnll’s-eyes pop from the pod.
And yon never do wrong the whole day long—
They call it the Land of Nod I
When the clock strikes eight, and each cnrly pate
Lies low on the pillow white;
When the small monse squeaks and the wainscot creaks,
And the shadows dance in the moonlight-streaks,
And the star-lamps jewel the Night;
When the soft lids close on the ripe check's rose,
And the tiny feet that trod
The nursery floor are heard no more—
Hurrah for the Land of Nod I
There they play in the puddles and steal from the stores.
They juggle with matches and knives;
And they poke ttttrh jokes at the grown-up folks,
Who daren't say “ Don’t ” for their lives I
All the persons who teach are deprived of speech,
And whipped with a pickled rod,
And fed upon Dates, through dark dnngeon-grates,
In the beautiful Land of Nod I
When the dock strikes eight, and each curly pats
Lies low in the darkened room ;
When the small mouse squeaks ami the wainscot creaks
And the shadows dance in the moonlight-streaks,
And the cricket chirps tlivongh the gloom ’,
When the soft lids close on the ripe cheek's rose,
And the tiny feet that trod
The nursery floor are heard no more—
Hurrah "for the Land of Nod !
All the doar old dollies are mended there
That were broken in days that have flown ;
All the kittens that died in their early pride
To beautiful cats have grown ;
All the pleasures upset by the wind and the wet
Smile out in the sunshine broad ;
And the meaning of “ dour ” not a youngster knows,
In the wonderful Land of Nod !
When the clock strikes eight, and each curly pate
Lies low on the dainty bed ;
When the small monse squeaks and the wainscot creak ;.
And the shadows dance in the moonlight-streaks,
And the dull fire's core glows red ;
When the soft lids close on the ripe cheek’s rose
And the tiny-feet that tr6d
The nursery floor are heard no more—
Hurrah for the Land of Nod 1
And it’s O ! for the dreams of the old, old days
That have fled for ever and aye !
For I wateh and weep, ns the dull dawns creep
Up the cold grey cliffs of the sky.
Could mine eyelids close on that blest repose,
Would the hearts that lie under the sod
Rise to greet the glad sound of my feet and beat
On my heart—in the Land of Nod ?
When the clock strikes eight, and each curly pate
Lies low in the curtain's shade ;
When the small monse squeaks and the wainscot croaks.
And the shadows dance in the moonlight-streaks,
And the hearth-sparks glimmer and fade ;
When the soft lids close on the ripe cheek’s rose,
And the tiny feet that trod
The nursery floor are heard no more—
Hurrah for the Land of Nod ! Clo. Graves.
The students of the Royal Female School of Art, Qneen-
sqnare, Bloomsbury, held a soiree on Oct. 29.
The Bishop of Carlisle on Oct. 23 reopened the parish
church at Sattorthwaito, which has been extensively restored,
and a handsome oak reredos has been added by Mr. Ainslie, M.P.
The church dates back to 1337.
Mrs. Charles Tomer, of Liverpool, has given £20.000
towards the formation of a fund for pensioning Incumbents in
the diocese of York who feel themselves incapacitated from
further duty. The same lady had previously bestowed a like
gift for the diocese of Liverpool.—Lord Grimthorpe has offered
£30(10 towards the promotion of a scheme for procuring a
Bishop of Beverley as a Suffragan Bishop of York.
The outturn of the coffee crop in Coorg for the season
1888-89 is estimated at 3180 tons ; the average annual exports
for the last ten years having been 4300 tons. The Commis¬
sioner of Coorg writes :—“The total area of coffee plantations.
European and native, is 80,389 acres, of which 39,124 acres
are actually planted. Of this area 33,141 acres are held by
Europeans, and forecast returns have been furnished for tbo
bulk of these estates. The native holdings comprise 23.983,
for the greater portion of which no returns are obtainable.
The present forecast has been based, as far as practicable, on
the returns furnished, and for the rest a rough estimate has
been framed, giving a total of 5180 tons.”
POSTACE FOR FOREIGN PARTS THIS WEEK.
NOVEMBER 3, 1888.
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NOV. 8, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
523
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THE REVOLUTION OF 1 688.
A BICENTENARY RETROSPECT.
The expulsion of James II. was a necessity, both in the
interests of Protestantism and in those of good government.
He was an embodiment of the most reactionary ideas of the
Stuart dynasty. Before he came to the throne, his cruel treat¬
ment of the Scotch Covenanters, during hie administration of
the affairs of Scotland, showed what the people had to expect
when the reins of government fell into his hands. Succeeding
his brother in February, 1085, his reign was arbitrary from
the beginning, and the Parliament he called was one of the
most servile in English history. He suppressed with little
difficulty Argyll’s invasion of Scotland and Monmouth’s in¬
vasion of England, but the insurgents were visited with most
vindictive punishments. James then set himself system¬
atically to work to achieve two ends—the overthrow ‘of the
Constitutional system of England, and the restoration of the
Catholic religion. Strangely did he misread the temper of his
people in these foolish undertakings. England had thrown off
the yoke of Rome under the Tudors, and was never more to be
in bondage to the Vatican; while the unfortunate history of
his father should have taught James that Constitutional
liberty had been permanently won for the British race by
Pym, Hampden, Cromwell, and the other great patriots of the
stirring period of the Civil War.
Gravely and profoundly interesting are those episodes in
our history which the present memorable year recalls. Thev
were swift and they were dramatic, four brief years being
sufficient to bring to a conclusion James’s inglorious career.
He began his attempts to coerce the nation by requiring his
pliable Parliament to repeal the Habeas Corpus Act and the
Test Act. Now, these two great statutes wore regarded as tlio
bulwarks of the popular safely, and they wore as much prized
by the Tories as by all other subjects of the Crown,
except the Roman Catholics. Parliament, therefore, though
generally obedient, declined ill tins matter to bend to
the King’s will; neither did it regard with favour .1 ames’s
effort to establish a great standing army. Even the much
more popular Charles II. had been unable to effect this. But
the contest was viry severe. Not only were new regiments
levied, but the King gave commissions to Roman Catholic
officers, which step was a distinct violation oi the Test Act. The
panic that seized upon the liutinn was reflected in the Council
Board ; and Lord President Halifax, who condemned his
Sovereign’s policy, was dismissed from his office. The Com¬
mons upon this ceased to be subservient to the Sovereign, and
the disaffection spread to the House of Lords. The Govern¬
ment sustained two defeats, and in a fit of Royal anger the
offending legislators were summoned to the bar, and dismissed
to their homes, Nov. 20, 11585.
In everything, James was badly advised; for it was not dif¬
ficult to find counsellors who readily encouraged his head¬
strong policy. England prided herself upon her independence
in foreign affairs; but James was the paid servant of Ixmis XIV.
of France, and was most superst.itiouslv devoted to the Pope.
His first favourite was Father Edward ’l'etre, who found it an
easy task in religious questions to keep the Monarch in leading-
strings. Then, in home affairs, liis principal advisers were the
avaricious pervert, Sunderland, whose new-found Papist zeal
enabled him to step into the chair of Halifax ; Lord Costle-
maine, the husband of an infamous woman ; and the Karl of
Tyreonuell, whose chief characteristic was a want of veracity.
Alter proroguing Parliament from time to time, James ulti-
tnatelv dissolved it, being determined to govern without Con¬
stitutional means. He first endeavoured to use the Established
Church against the Dissenters; but, discovering that the
Episcopalians would not give him their aid, he sought to gain
the Dissenters. A systematic regime of illegality began by the
setting in motion of" two great engines of tyranny. The first
of these was the exercise of the dispensing power on the part
of the King, bv which Roman Catholics were placed in offic e
in defiance of the law ; and the second was the ecclesiastical
supremacy, which took a new shape in the constitution of a
High Commission Court, consisting of six persons, presided
over bv the notorious Lord Chancellor Jeffreys. So great was
the hold which Romanism had obtained over James that he
dismissed the two brothers of his first wife—Lawrence Hyde,
Earl of Rochester, who hud become Lord High Treasurer, and
Henry Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, the I/rrd Lieutenant of Ire¬
land. Lawrence Hyde was one of the principal founders of the
Higli Church Tory party, and he declined to give up his
Protestantism to maintain his high office.
James’s most sensational act at this juncture was the issue
of his First Declaration of Indulgence, dated April 4, 1687.
Without authority of Parliament, he abolished by his own
hand all those penal laws and tests which had long pressed
heavily upon the Dissenters. When he ordained that no
religious test should in iuture debar any man from the civil or
the military service, and likewise forbade the disturbance of
religious meetings, the act at first sight seemed one of a
tolerant liberality ; yet it was not that James liked the Dis¬
senters, but that he loved the Papists more. The gift of
religious freedom, in fact, divided the Dissenters into two
camps. On the one side were men like Bun van, Baxter, and
Howe, who distrusted the King and his policy; while on the
other were men like the distinguished Quaker William Penn,
who highly lauded the Indulgence. l’enn hail immense
influence over James; saw him as often as he wished; and held
(says Ranke, the most confidential conversations with him for
hours together at Whitehall, and also at Windsor, where he
took a house in the neighbourhood of the castle. On July 2
the King dissolved Parliament, stating to the Papal Nuncio as
his reason for this measure that it would not otherwise be pos¬
sible to frustrate the intrigues of the Prince of Orange, and to
rend nsunder the bond which had been formed between him
and the members of the Church of England. Next day there
was a gorgeous procession at Windsor, in which the Nuncio,
as the representative of the Papal power to which James had
bowed the neck of England, was the most imposing figure.
The Universities were next assailed, the King, through his
High Commissioners, trampling upon their privileges. The
Cambridge Senate received the. Royal command in February,
1687, to confer the degree of Master of Arts on Alban Francis,
a Benedictine monk. The Senate replied that they would
gladly do so if he would take the oaths ; but this he declined
to do. Vice-Chancellor Pechell and eight members of the
Senate (including the celebrated Isaac Newton) were sum¬
moned to Westminster to answer for tlieir contumacy, and,
after being soundly rated by Jeffreys, the Vice-Chancellor was
suspended from office. Still more violent was the action taken
at Oxford. The Presidency of Magdalen, one of the wealthiest
and most famous of the colleges, having become vacant. James
commanded the Fellows to elect one Farmer, a Roman
Catholic and a profligate, who was disqualified both by the
law of the land and the arrangements of the founder. The
Fellows would have none of him, but elected John Hough,
instead. The King then commanded them to elect Parker,
Bishop of Oxford; but all his efforts and those of William
Penn to persuade them were fruitless. The old Fellows were
consequently pjeeted, and Roman Catholic successors appointed
in tlieir place. By this means the King had now secured three
important colleges for the Catholics—viz., University, Christ
Church, and Magdalen. Papal pressure also began to be felt
elsewhere.
Janies, in order to show that he was not to be deterred
from his purpose, next published his Second Declaration of
Indulgence ; but, as it fell very flat, he issued an order in
Council, on May 4,1688, directing the ministers of all churches
anil chapels in the kingdom to rend it from their pulpits. On
hearing the news, a number of Bishops proceeded to the capital,
and at an assembly held at Lambeth Palace on May 18, a petition
was drawn up setting forth that the Sovereign bad no right to
dispense with laws in matters of the Church. The King was
furious when this petition was presented to him. The docu¬
ment afterwards got into general circulation, andjames, acting
mainly on the advice of Jeffreys, ordered the prelates to be
arraigned for libel in the Court of King’s Bench. The trial
of the Seven Bishops caused the utmost excitement in London,
and, indeed, throughout the country. A serious technical
question arose as to the publication of the libel; but this was
decided against the Bishops by the evidence of Lord Sunder¬
land, who proved publication. On the weightier matter of the
character of the petition, two of the Judges pronounced it a
libel, and the remaining two declared it to be no libel. The
case went to the jury, who were locked up all night. Next
morning a verdict of “Not Guilty’’ was returned, and the
popular enthusiasm knew no hounds. The news was quickly
carried into the country, and James heard the shouts of
triumph at Hounslow. ‘ As he was riding from the camp
there, he heard a gnat noise behind him. “AVliat is thntV”
he asked. “ It is nothing,” was the reply; “ only the soldiers
are glad that the Bishops are acquitted.” “Do you call that
nothing!” exclaimed the King. But his defeat only brought
out. tiie old Stuart obstinacy in him, and to the Spanish
Ambassndor, who counselled moderation, he said, “ I will
lose all or win all.”
He was in a fairway to do the former, for he had now
alienated all classes of his subjects. One of his last
acts was to endeavour to supply tile place of the English
troops, whose temper proved unserviceable for his purposes, by
draughts from the Catholic army which Tyrconnril had raised
in Ireland. This was so mad a step that even the Roman
Catholic Beers at the Council table protested against.it, and
the ballad of " Lillibnllero,” an attack on the Irish recruits
and Tyreonuell’s Government, was soon heard throughout the
length and breadth of England. The disaffection was at its
height when a sou wtis bom to the King, l’opular rumour at
once pronounced this to be an imposture. Five years had
passed since Mary of Modena was last announced to be preg¬
nant, anil many now asserted that the child ushered into the
world as the l’rinee of Wales and heir to the throne was not
the Koval offspring at all. In any case, the news completely
overthrew tile hopes of English Protestants, and correspond¬
ingly raised those of the Roman Catholics. The general
expectation of a Protestant succession became null and void
on the appearance of an heir to the throne who would, doubt¬
less, be educated in the Catholic religion.
The crisis thus became acute, and the best friends of the
Constitution, sinking for the time their political differences,
banded themselves together to gave the country. On June 30
a letter was dispatched to the Prince of Orange inviting him
to come over. This historical document was signed by seven
of the most influential men in England. First, there was
Panbv, one of the principal founders of the combination of
the aristocracy and of Kpiscopalianism with the King’s Govern¬
ment under Charles II., and one of the originators of the
Tory party. Thin there was the Earl of Devonshire, a
leading Whig, who answered for the Nonconformists, who
were satisfied with William's promise to secure them toleration.
Compton, Bishop of London, who hail a leading hand in
drawing up the invitation, was the third signatory. Then
there were Shrewsbury and Lumlcy, two recent converts from
the Catholic faith, who now spoke in the name of the great
body of zealous Protestants ; and, finally, there were Edward
Russell, cousin of l.ord Russell, and Henry Sidney, brother of
Algernon Sidney, whose antipathy to tyranny and love of
patriotism were in all men’s mouths. Many others were privy
to the invitation, and certain individuals contributed £30,000
towards the preparations for tin- undertaking. The letter was
carried to the Hague by Herbert, a popular British seaman,
who had lost his command for refusing to vote against thetest.
The invitation to William of I (range was from every point
of view justifiable. English freedom and English Protestantism
wore imperilled, and as a struggle with James was inevitable,
it was desirable to obtain the aid of the only Protestant Prince
who had a right to the throne after its actual occupant.
Moreover, James was in league with the natural enemies of
England, and, if he had succeeded in subduing the people to
his will, there would have been a close and slavish alliance
with France, which would have been ignominious to England
and menacing to the Protestant interests of Europe. James’s
defeat would mean also the freedom of the Continent from
French supremacy. But it was necessary, now that the blow
was to be struck, that the intervention should be rigorous and
decisive; and the Prince of Orange was requested to land with
an army strong enough to justify those who had called upon
him to rise to arms. William had some powerful friends on
the Continent. There was Marshal Schomberg, who had
been a servant of France, but who now expressed a wish
to see the Prince and Princess well established in England;
he had long discerned that .Tamos IT. was making himself
impossible as a ruler. For the success of the Prince and
Princess of Orange, Schomberg said, ‘ ‘ 1 would sacrifice every¬
thing ; it would give me great satisfaction if we ever found
ourselves together on occasions on which we could do them
service.” Then there was the great Elector of Brandenburg,
whose last words, “ London, Amsterdam "—uttered as he died,
on April 29, 1688—sufficiently testified to the ideas which
occupied and engrossed his mind.
Holland agreed to the expedition—as, indeed, it could not
well do otherwise, for its own interests were bound up in
William’s success. Having gained the assent of the Statcs-
General, the Prince, as Admiral and Captain-General, used
every effort to gather a fleet and a sufficient force, ostensibly
as a means of defence against the English fleet, which now
appeared in the Channel, while the new Elector of Branden¬
burg engaged to supply the place of the absent Dutch forces
by lending the States 9000 men. In England, William’s
cause soon made great progress, and many nobles went out
to him at the Hague. The Earl of Shrewsbury took with him
the substantial donation of £2000 towards the expenses of the
expedition, and he was followed by the sons of Lords Win¬
chester, Danby, and Peterborough, and by a well-known High
Churchman, Lord Macclesfield. Danby. Devonshire, and
Lumley prepared for a rising in the North of England. The
Enrl of Sunderland, still James’s chief counsellor, discovered
William’s preparations, and promised to reveal all the secrets
of his Royal master on the-promiseof a pardon for his despicable
crimes. As for James himself, he still fancied his position
secure, for he imagined that the Prince of Orange would be
deterred from aiding any revolt in England by the threat of a
French attack on Holland.
But when the King at length awoke from his dream and
found to his dismay that war preparations were actually going
forward, and that the storm was about to break over his head,
irresolution seized upon him, and he gave way to panic.
Diplomacy and concession were resorted to in order to heal the
breach between the Monarch and hissubjects. Against the Prince
of Orange’s demands, as he understood them, he instituted a
temporising action. He was convinced that the best means for
resisting the Prince of Orange lay in depriving him of the
support of the Episcopalian party by doing justice to its
demands. A union with the Tory party and the party of the
Church was what he now aimed at when it was too late ; and
he sought to win assent for his piaus from the coming Parlia¬
ment by an abandonment of his recent policy. He issued a Pro¬
clamation with the obj ect of restoring things-to the same footing
as when lie succeeded to the Crown ; and he relaxed some of
the most stringent of those fetters which pressed upon freedom
of conscience. Then he mnde overtures to the Bishops, and in an
interviewhehadwith them declared that he wished to learn from
them what was necessary in order to secure religion in the realm;
he would grant everything that was compatible with his prerog¬
ative. The Bishops were moderate in their requests, only
demnndingat once the abolition of the Ecclesiastical Commission,
the immediate filling up of the vacant Episcopal Sees, the dis¬
continuance of the administration of so-called Vicars Apostolic,
the removal of Roman Catholic schools, and the restoration of
the Protestant Fellows at Magdalen College. James dis¬
solved the Ecclesiastical Commission, and Lord Chancellor
Jeffrevs went into the City to restore the charters, being
solemnly received at Temple Bar. Magistrates who had been
driven from office were replaced, and the franchises were
restored to the towns. The Bishop of Winchester was dis¬
patched to Oxford to reorganise Magdalen College in accord¬
ance with its statutes, and Catholic chapels and Jesuit schools
were ordered to be closed.
No doubt James thought he was proceeding admirably
with his policy of pacification; but concessions which are Hie
result of fear and despair are apt to he distrusted, and there
was destined to be written on all his efforts— “Too Intel”
Sunderland advised him to call a Parliament instantly; hut
the King knew that in the existing temper of the people a
Parliament would declare against him, and, reproaching Sun¬
derland with want of firmness and spirit, he dismissed him
from office. Scarcely had the disgraced Minister left White¬
hall before the Declaration of the Prince of Orange reached
England. This historical manifesto recited all the wrongs and
misgovemment under which the English people had recently
suffered, and demanded the removal of grievances and the
calling of a free Parliament which should establish English
freedom and religion on a sure basis. The Declaration pro¬
mised toleration to Protestant Nonconformists, with freedom
of conscience to Catholics ; and it remitted the question of the
legitimacy of the Prince of Wales and the settlement of the
succession, to Parliament. James was deeply wounded by the
doubts thrown on the legitimacy of the Prince, for he had only
just produced at a solemn assembly of the Peers, who were
then in London, proofs of the Prince’s birth which were of a
satisfactory nature to unbiassed minds. Then he was much
disturbed by the assertion that William of Orange had been
invited to engage in his undertaking by spiritual aud temporal
Peers. While he thought it possible this might be an empty
boast, he obtainecTa repudiation of it from Nobles aud Bishops ;
but he proceeded further to require the Bishops publicly to
declare their abhorrence of William’s undertaking. This
would manifestly have been a great point gained in his favour,
but the Bishops replied that they must consult the Peers :—
“ They had no mind to make a declaration under their hands,
except the temporal Lords would join with them.” The King's
pride was offended, and he told the prelates that, if they were
not inclined to support him as he requested, he must, stand
upon his own feet and rely upon his arms. This was the
crucial point of the struggle.
On his side, the Prince of Orange was supported by two
classes of English clergymen. There were those, like Ferguson,
who desired to invest the undertaking with the aspect of a
thoroughgoing ecclesiastical and political transformation;
while there were others, like the historian Burnet., who earnestly
deprecated any quarrel with the English Church, in which
the Prince of Orange had many of his best supporters; and
these views were supported by Shrewsbury, Russell, and Sidney.
Anxious not to repel the Dissenters, they yet wished most of all
to place the Church of England under an obligation. There
was a strong desire to maintain the interests of the Church in
opposition to the Catholics, and William relied largely upon
this feeling. Even many who were not Churchmen perceived
the wisdom of this. Protestantism, to put the matter into a
nutshell, underlay the whole struggle; but there was to be no
oppression of the Catholics.
William of Orange, hoisting his flag, which displayed the
arms of Nassau and of England, put to sea on Nov. 1, 1688, at
Helvoetsluys. The Prince himself embarked on board the
frigate Brill, whose flag displayed the inscription “ For the
Protestant religion, and for a Free Parliament.” There were
thirteen ships of war of more than thirty guns each, and a
number of smaller vessels, bearing together about 14,000 men.
William sailed with the full sympathy of his wife. While
regretting tile necessity for opposing and overthrowing the
policy of her father, the King of England, her feelings and
aspirations went entirely with her husband. It was expected
that the English fleet would give battle in the Channel, but
James’s commander, Lord Dartmouth, was not strong enough
52 fi
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. ft. 1888
to do this, and ho received orders only to harass the enemy.
But even this was not feasible ; so William's fleet, after being
detained by ill winds and beaten back on its first venture by
a violent storm, made its way flown the Channel, and on
Nov. 5—the anniversary of Gunpowder Plot—safely landed at
Torbay, in Devonshire. As William's coming had been un¬
expected in the west, no great landownor went out to meet
him, and the invasion wore at first a singularly quiet aspect.
But in the course of a week the nobles and squires joined the
Prince in great numbers, and Plymouth declared for him.
Macaulay furnishes a graphic picture of the entry of the
invading army into Exeter. Bishop Lamplugh, as soon as he
heard of the landing at Torbay, fled in terror to London. The
Magistrates of Exeter were for King James, but the bulk of
the inhabitants were for the Prince. The Magistrates ordered
the gates to be shut ; but when Ix>rd Mordaunt threatened
to punish further resistance with death, they were opened
again, William arrived on the 9th, and made his entry into
the city. It was a memorable day for Exeter. “ From the
West Gate to the Cathedral Close",” observes the Whig his¬
torian, “ the pressing and shouting on each side was such as
reminded Londoners of the crowds on Lord Mayor’s Day. The
houses were gaily decorated. Doors, windows, balconies, and
roofs were thronged with gazers. . . . The Dutch army, com¬
posed of men who had been born in various climates, and had
served under various standards, presented an aspect at once
grotesque, gorgeous, and terrible to islanders who had, in
general, a very indistinct notion of foreign countries. First
rode Macclesfield, at the head of two hundred gentlemen,
mostly of English blood, glittering in helmets and cuirasses
and mounted on Flemish war-horses. Each was attended by
a negro, brought from the sugar plantations on the coast of
Guiana. Then, with drawn broadswords, came a squadron of
Swedish horsemen, in black armour and fur cloaks. Next,
surrounded by a goodly company of gentlemen and pages, was
borne aloft the Prince’s banner. On its broad folds the crowds
which covered the roofs and filled the windows read
with delight that memorable inscription, ‘The Protestant
lieligion and the Liberties of England.’ But the acclamations
redoubled when, attended by forty running footmen, the
Prince himself appeared, armed on back and breast, wearing
a white plume, and mounted on a white charger. With how
martial an air he curbed his horse, how thoughtful and com¬
manding was the expression of his ample forehead and falcon
eye, may still be seen on the canvas of Kneller. Once those,
grave features relaxed into a Bmile. It was when an ancient
woman, perhaps one of the zealous Puritans, who, through
twenty-eight years of persecution, hhd waited with firm faith
for the consolation of Israel—perhaps the mother of some
rebel who had perished in the carnage of Sedgemoor, or in the
more fearful carnage of the Bloody Circuit—broke from the
crowd, rushed through the drawn swords and curvetting horses,
touched the hand of the deliverer, and cried out that now she
was happy. Near to the Prince was one who divided with him
the gaze of the multitude. That, men said, was the great
Count Schomberg, the first soldier in Europe since Turcnue
and Condo were gone; the man whose genius and valour had
saved the Portuguese Monarchy on the field of Montes Claros;
the man who had earned u still higher glory by resigning the
truncheon of a Marshal of France for the sake of the true
religion. It was not forgotten that the two heroes who, indis¬
solubly united by their common Protestantism, were entering
Exeter together, had twelve years before been opposed to each
other under the walls of Maastricht, and that the energy of the
young Prince had not then been found a match for the cool
science of the veteran who now rode in friendship bv his side.
Then came a long column of the whiskered infantry of
Switzerland, distinguished in all (he Continental wars of
two centuries by pre-eminent valour and discipline, but never
till that week seen on English ground. And then marched a
succession of bands designated, as was the fashion of that age,
after their leaders —Bentinek, Solmes, Ginkell, Talmash, and
Mackay. With peculiar pleasure Englishmen might look on
one gallant regiment which still bore the name of the honoured
and lamented Ossory. The effect of the spectacle was
heightened by the recollection of more than one renowned
event in which the warriors now pouring through the West
Gate had borne a share.” In one respect William’s army was
honourably distinguished from many other invading forces.
Pillage and outrage were effectually discountenanced, and the
troops were required to treat all classes with civility. ‘ ‘ Those
who had formed thoir notions of an army from the" conduct of
Kirke and his Lambs "—during the” Jeffreys’ Reign of
Terror—“were amazed to see soldiers who never swore at a
landlady or took an egg without paying for it. In return for
this moderation the people furnished the troops with provisions
in great abundance and at reasonable prices.”
In Exeter Cathedral a solemn service was performed in
honour of the safe arrival of the Prince, William going
thither in military State. The Dean, like the Bishop, had
taken to flight, and the Canons absented themselves from
their stalls; but Bishop Burnet read out the Declaration, and
at the close cried in a lond voice, “God save the Prince of
Orange!” Many voices fervently answered, “Amen.” A
manifestation of feeling in favour of William now rapidly set
in. Men of rank began to join his standard; and the first
Peer of the realm who made his appearance at the quarters
of the Prince of Orange was the Earl of Abingdon, who had
previously been a supporter of arbitrary government, and a
true friend to James at the time of the Exclusion Bill. But,
like many others, the dread of Popery had driven him into
opposition and rebellion. Lord Cornbury, eldest son of the
Eaiiof Clarendon, next deserted the King ; and when James
heard the tidings, he turned away from his untested meal and
retired to hi* closet. The Queen and her ladies broke out into
tears and loud cries of sorrow over the news; for where could
the Royal cause find support if those who might hnvc been
expected to cling to it to the last thus abandoned it c The
Bishops and a number of temporal Peers petitioned the King to
call a free Parliament, and to open negotiations with the Prince
of Orange;. James, still not understanding that everything
was sinking under biro, was furious, and swore that the first
messenger who arrived from the Dutch with flags of truce
should be dismissed without an answer, while the second should
be hanged. •
In a violent temper, James set out for Salisbury, leaving
behind a Council of five Lords to represent him in London. To
two of these, Preston nnd Godolphin, no objection could be
taken: but two of the others were Pnpists ; while the fifth was
JeJTrevs, unquestionably the most unpopular nnd the best-hated
man in England. Disastrous nows followed the King. The
bond of the Seymours joined William : nnd the Earl of Bath,
who commanded at 1’lymouth, placed himself and his troops
nt the Prince's service. All the south-west was now in
William's favour. In the north, Danby conducted a great
rising. Peers and gentry (locked to his standard at York, and
from that city he marched on Nottingham and united his forces
with those of Devonshire, tvho had mustered at Derby many
great Lords of the midland and eastern counties. Churchill
and Grafton deserted to William: the former stating that,
while ho owed everything to the Royal favour, he could not
conseicntio'irly draw his sword against the Protestant cause.
The King’s camp at Salisbury broke up in confusion, and
James proceeded to Andover. He was accompanied by his
son-in-law, I’rince George, and by the Duke of Ormond—both,
however, conspirators against him. Prince George unwittingly
furnished the humour of these stirring times. Ho was
extremely stupid, nnd whenever any news was told him he
would exclaim, in French, ‘ ‘ Est-il possible ? ” As soon as he
learnt that Churchill nnd Grafton were missing, the ejaculation
was forthcoming, nnd when it was reported from Warminster
that Kirke was no longer faithful to the King, he again
exclaimed, “ Est-il possible ? ” Charles II. once said, “ I have
tried Prince George sober, and 1 have tried him drunk ; and,
drunk or sober, there is nothing in him.” But “ Est-il pos¬
sible ” nnd Ormond had sufficient sense of what was good for
them to leave the King before it was too Into, and after James had
retired to rest on the evening succeeding his arrival at Andover,
they mounted their horses and rode off, accompanied by the
eldest son of the Duke of Uucensberry, a nobleman who was
the recognised head of the Scotch Presbyterians. James was
not so moved by the news of Prince George’s defection as
might have been expected. “What!” he said, “is ‘Est-il
possible' gone, too? After all, a good trooper would have been a
greater loss.” He was more enraged against Churchill, and
immediately set off for London. Before he arrived there,
Princess Anne had fled from Whitehall. Fearful of her
father’s vengeance, nnd moved by her idolatrous affection for
her favourite. Lady Churchillj her resolution was soon taken.
“I will jump out of the window,” she cried, “rather than be
found here by my father! ” Accordingly, at dead of night,
the Princess and her friend stole down the back stairs in
dressing-gown and slippers. They gained the street, nnd
entered a hackney coach that was in waiting. The coach was
guarded by Compton, Bishop of London, tile Princess’s old
tutor, and by the accomplished Lord Dorset. Resting for the
night nt the Bishop’s palace in Aklersgatc-street, next day
the fugitives were safely conveyed to Dorset’s mansion in
Eppiug Forest. Thence she went to Nottingham, Bishop
Compton assuming for the time a militant character and taking
command of her escort, ill a buff coat and jack-boots, w ith a
sword nt his side and pistols in his holster. The flight of the
Princess caused great consternation at Whitehall. When the
King arrived there in the evening, this last affliction caused
him to exclaim: “ God help me! My own children have
forsaken me! ’ ’
James held n Council of his Lords. He was advised to
negotiate, to announce the redress of national grievances, and
JAMES II. LEAVING WHITEHALL WITH THE CHEAT PEAL.
to pardon those over whom he had really no longer any power.
In a burst of indignation he exclaimed: “ I cannot do it:
I must make examples—Churchill, above all; Churchill, whom
I raised so high. He, and lie alone, has done all this. He lias
corrupted my army: he has corrupted my child. He would
have put me into the hands of the Prince of Orange but for
God's special providence. My Lords, you are strangely anxious
for the safety of traitors. None of you troubles himself about
my safety.” Deluded Monarch, he still could not see that it
was his own conduct which laid precipitated events, and caused
them to take a turn that neither Churchill nor anyone else
could withstand. The King, nevertheless, did so far submit
to counsel as to resolve to call a Parliament, and appoint
Commissioners to treat with William. A Proclamation was
also issued granting a free pardon to all rebels, and declaring
them eligible for service In Parlia,..cnt. But the negotiation
was a feint, as James had no intention of yielding anything,
and he told the French Ambassador that he was merely gaining
time to ship o If his wife and the 1 rince of Wales, and to
secure that symbol of Kingly authority, the Great Seal. When
these things were done, then he, too, would leave England,
and take refuge either in Ireland or Scotland, or at the French
Court.
But Lord Dartmouth, who was still in command of the
Royal fleet, having learnt that the negotiation, the amnesty,
and the Parliament were all a fraud, was naturally wroth at
being deceived. He declared that, while he would risk his
life in defence of the Throne, he would be no party to trans¬
porting the Prince of Wales into France. Meanwhile, events
marched rapidly. Great agitation arose in London, and there
were risings in various parts of the country-. Newcastle de¬
clared for Protestantism and a Free Parliament, and the King’s
statue was hulled into the Tyne; Hull followed Newcastle;
the Duke of Norfolk secured Norwich ; Bristol opened its
gates to Shrewsbury: and Oxford enthusiastically greeted
land Lovelace, who had been released by the people of
Gloucester after his capture by the Royal droops. William
of Orange advanced to Salisbury, where he was joined by the
Earls of Clarendon and Oxford, and other nobles, who’ hnd
hitherto been regarded as ardent Royalists. The invader
marched to Hungerford, where he arrived oil Dee. 5. Negotia¬
tions were hero opened with the King's Commissioners. The
Prince's demands were put in writing and handed to Halifax.
At a dinner at Littlecote, Halifax inquired of Burnet, “ What
is it that yon want ? Do you wish to get the Kingfinto your
own power? ” “ Not at all,** replied Burnet, “ we would not
do the least harm to his person.” “And if he were to go
away? ” continued Halifax. “There is nothing, said Burnet,
“ so much to be wished.”
Flight was the great solution of the difficulty favoured by
the Whigs. At Whitehall James was busy about the safety of
the Queen and the Prince of Wales. He confided them to the
care of the Count of Lauzun, telling him that everything must
be risked to carry them into France. Lauzun courageously
accepted the task, and, with the aid of his friend Saint Victor,
a gentleman of Provence, he conveyed the Queen and her
little son in a skiff to Lambeth. Thence they went by
coach to Gravesend, where they embarked in a yacht which
they found waiting for them, nnd which had on board Lord
Powis and his wife. On Dec. 10 James learnt that the Royal
fugitives were safely on their way to France, and at the same
time lie received unexpectedly favourable proposals from
the Commissioners at Hungerford. Instead of accepting them,
however, he made preparations for flight, observing to his few
remaining friends that Parliament would force on him con¬
cessions which he could not endure, while flight would enable
him to return and regain his throne with the assistance of
French forces.
Early on the morning of the 11th, James quietly disappeared
through a secretpnssage at Whitehall, bearing the Great Seal in
his hand. Sir Edward Hales was waiting for him with a
hackney coach, in which he was conveyed to Millbank. Cross¬
ing the Thames in a small wherry, he threw the Great Seal
into tlie riTcr, from which it was accidentally recovered months
afterwards. The King landed nt Vnnxhall, and made his way
to tlie Isle of Sheppey, where n hoy was in readiness to convey
him to France. Intense excitement ensued in London when
the flight became known. The actual Sovereign of England
had departed, and the Prince of Orange had not arrived. It
was n curious interregnum. Riots broke out in the Metropolis,
and the Spanish Ambassador’s house was sacked. The Lords
met at Whitehall, and by tv kind of Provisional Government
endeavoured to preserve order. The infamous Jeffreys was
arrested in the disguise of a common Bailor at an ale-house ill
Wnpping. He was conveyed to the Tower, whole his life wits
destined to close in a fearful manner, but one righteously
retributive for his diabolical actions. What is called by the
historians on “Irish night” next succeeded in London, the
whole city being thrown into a state of terror. But although
much property was destroyed, not a single Roman Catholic lost
his life, though tlie prejudice against the Irish Papists was
exceedingly strong.
The King, during this exciting time, did not get away to
France ns he hoped. He was detained near Sheerness by some
fishermen, who suspected him to be a Jesuit. When his
identity was discovered, he threatened and implored by turns
to be allowed to go. “ Let me go,” he exclaimed; “getmea
boat. The Prince of Orange is hunting for my life. If you
do not let me fly now, it will be too late. My blood will be
on your heads. He that is not with me is against me.” But
a troop of Life Guards brought James back in safety to
Loudon. William was now at Windsor. He could offer no
further terms to the King, whose only plan was to make a
second and more successful attempt to escape. Some of the
Tories, like Clarendon and Rochester, now hoped that things
would blow over in James’s favour. The Prince of Orange
had done good service in overthrowing the King’s design to
establish a Catholic despotism; but this being achieved, there
was no reason to fear that a reconciliation could not be effected
between James and the new Tory Parliament that was to be
summoned. But Halifax, perhaps the most far - sighted
statesman of the times, had himself abandoned these hopes.
He saw that the Revolution was practically accomplished, and
he “ pressed upon William the impossibility of carrying out a
new system of Government with such a Sovereign as James.”
The Whigs, of course, took the same view, and the Prince
was also brought to see that the time for compromise had
passed, and that the fallen Monarch must depart.
One thing was clear: there could not be a King James at
Whitehall and a King William at St. James’s. Something
must be done with the former. There was a consultation of
Peers at Windsor, nnd it was decided that James must be sent
out of London. It would be hard to depose him if he remained,
and still more dangerous to keep him a prisoner. The Dutch
troops now occupied Whitehall, and three English Lords—
Halifax, Shrewsbury, and Delamere—delivered to the King a
message to the effect that the Prince, of Orange would be at
Westminster in a few hours, and that his Majesty would do
well to set out for Havre before ton the next morning. On Dec.
18, the King, who seemed paralysed by untoward circumstances,
set out for Rochester instead, and while his barge made its
way with difficulty down the river, which was somewhat
rough, the Prince's troops poured into London. Notwith¬
standing the severe weather, a great crowd assembled near
Albemarle House nnd St. James’s to welcome the Prince, and
all were adorned with an orange ribbon.
The Prince of Orange duly arrived at St. James’s, accom¬
panied by Schomberg. He had succeeded in his enterprise, but
now began his Constitutional difficulties. Was he to assume the
Crown by right of conquest, and then as King send out writs
summoning a Parliament? This was what several eminent
lawyers advised him to do, but there were obstacles in the
wav; so he decided upon calling together the Lords and the
surviving members of the Parliaments of Charles I. They
were appointed to meet at St. James’s on Dec. 21, and about
seventy attended. Before the assembly proceeded to business,
a number of Royalists made one last effort to restore James.
They sent assurances to him at Rochester that if even now,
at the eleventh hour, he would abandon those designs abhorrent
to his people, they would strenuously defend his interests.
But James was so overcome by fears of personal danger
that he was not able mentally to take in the situation. All
he felt was that it was at his peril if he remained in
England; so on the morning of Feb. 23 he embarked for
France. His flight discomfited the Royalists, but in an equal
degree rejoiced the Whigs.
The Revolution was now practically complete, for the
most serious difficulty had been removed by the departure of
the King. The two assemblies of Peers and Commoners
requested William to take upon himself the provisional govern¬
ment of the kingdom, and to issue circular letters inviting the
electors of ever)' town and county to send up representatives
to a Convention Parliament, which was to meet bn Jan. 22,
1689. WiBiam pursued a tolerant policy, and would permit
no interference with the elections. But, in truth, the people
were so favourable to him, and had been so long waiting for
this appeal to their suffrages, that no kind of coercion was
needed on behalf of his cause. The City of London elected
four great merchants, all zealous Whigs, and other towns
imitated the example of the capital—the result being
that a large majority of the shires and boroughs returned
Whig members to the new Parliament. _
James arrived at St. Germains, where he was received by
the French King, and England began to.adapt herself to the
new condition of things. But the Convention Parliament was
far from being harmonious in its early sittings. The Commons
declared the throne to be vacant" in consequence of tlie
conduct and the virtual abdication of James; but the IBirds,
while admitting that James had ceased to be King, denied that
the throne could be vacant, and affirmed that the Sovereignty
was HOW vested in hi" daughter Mary. Nevertheless, William
NOV S, 1SS8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
527
declined to be Regent, or. as he said, “Gentleman-usher to his
w if c ”- and Mary relum'd tmiccept the Crown save in con junction
with her husband. The difficulties were finally set at rest
bv the decision of the Houses that William and Mary should
bo acknowledged as joint Sovereigns, but that the actual
administration should rest with William alone. The new
King and Queen were proclaimed by the Convention Parliament
on Feb. 13, lt>89.
One great legislative, net remained to be achieved before the
maud results of the Revolution could be said to be finally
Secured. The famous Declaration of Rights was drawn up by a
Parliamentary Committee, and adopted by both Houses. This
Important instrument recapitulated the misgovemment of
James, his abdication, and the resolve of the Lords and
Commons to assert the rights and liberties of English subjec ts;
it condemned ns illegal the Ecclesiastical Commission and
James's resolve to raise an ainiy without Parliamentary
sanction; it denied the right of any King to suspend or
dispense with laws, or to exact money without the consent of
Parliament; it asserted the rights of petition and of the free
choice of Parliamentary representatives, and demanded a pure
and merciful administration of justice; it claimed liberty of
debate for both Houses, demanded securities for the exercise
of the Protestant religion, and bound the new Sovereign to
maintain that religion as well as tin; laws nnd liberties of the
nation ; and it concluded by declaring the Prince and Princess
of Orange King nnd Queen of England. The Declaration of
Rights was accepted by William and Mary, nnd from their
accession may be said to date the great paramount authority
of the Commons of England. Limitations were placed upon
the power of the Crown, and the renl government of England
henceforth lay in the hands of the people. Of all revolutions
that the world has seen, there has never been one which,
with so little bloodshed, achieved such great aud enduring
results ns the Protestant Revolution of 1<>H«.
_ <1 . Barnett Smith.
NOVELS.
The T.adit*' Gallery. By Mrs. Campbell Praed and Justin
McCarthy, M.P. Three vols. (Bentley).—Combined authorship,
even between two practised novel-writers, is apt to injure the
harmony of aesthetic impression that should prevail in a work
of high literary art. This is the more to bo regretted when
the main design is conceived and wrought out, in all essential
passages of action and movements of feeling, by an author of
such vivid and powerful dranmtio imagination as Mrs. Camp¬
bell Praed. Supposing, as we are inclined to do. that the
portions of this novel contributed by Mr. Justin McCarthy are
the comparatively trivial and insignificant descriptions of the
precincts of the House of ( 'ominous, ami the fantastic mis-
aesoription of the notorious riots in Trafnlpar-square. it seems
to us that the omission of those chapters would render Mrs.
Campbell Praed's story one of the finest we have lately read.
It would not then he entitled “ The Ladies' Gallery : " and so
much the better, for it is really no picture of the lives and
labours of Members of Parliament, or of the instructed sym¬
pathies of their lady friends with the contests of political
ambition. If Mr. Richard Ransom, a young Australian
millionaire, utterly a stranger in Europe and ignorant both
of public business and of English concerns, had the vanity to
tell Mrs. Florence, whom he met on his way hither from
Melbourne, that he shonld at once get into the House aud
would give her the first seat he could procure in the gallery,
he was then behaving very unlike the modest and genuine
hero represented in the more important parts of this story.
The incident can only have been put in for the sake of giving
to the novel a catching title which bears no relation whatever
to its true subject, and which was certainly far from being
needful or expedient to recommend a work of romantic
fiction otherwise distinguished by great and rare merits. Its
true interest, we are happy to assure the reader, may vet lx*
enjoyed profoundly in spite of these blots and de acements. as
it is folly developed with the quiet strength of artistic genius,
with evenness ami simplicity of style, and with an unfailing
grasp of the dramatic intention controlling a few vital
changes in the relative situations of the chief actors. Its
commonplace London newspaper anecdotes to which we have
referred, is a sad mistake between the joint authors. The
sincerity of genius ought also to guard such an author os she
here proves herself against ironically depreciating her own art
by introducing the useless figure of Miss Philippa Dell : a lady
novelist who practises flirtations with different men for the
purpose of utilising her experiences in fiction to lie paid for by
the booksellers, and who sets down in her note-book as material
for *• copy ” the tenderest or the painfullest things she hears
among her friends. There is a grotesq ne unreality .too. i n the man¬
ners of that amiable old couple, Sir Anthony and Lady Strange,
living at the banking-house in Lombard-6treefc; and young
Tony's language is that of an excessively silly and vulgar boy.
not at all amusing. As for the final catastrophe in Trafalgar-
square. where Ransom and Binbian Joe, who together have
five millions sterling in their pockets, appear as champions of
the starving London poor, and Binbian is shot dead—we can
only say that it. is a shame to spoil a noble story by appending
such a gross absurdity at the end. It would have l>een easy
to devise another way for Binbian to die in performing an act
of self-devotion ; as it would have been easy to choose a better
place than “ The Ladies’ Gallery ” for one of the most critical
moments in the revelation of the central fact of this story.
Xotwithstanding the blemishes that have been pointed out, we
must declare it to be a good novel, almost a great one, and
we can decidedly recommend it to oar readers.
From Moor By Jessie Fothergill. Three vols. (R.
Bentley and Son).—The readers of Miss FothergilTs new story
will find it abundantly engaging and interesting ; but its main
concern is far removed from the few people belonging to
“ Moor Isles.” That rather misleading name, instead of de¬
noting a maritime situation, has by some perverted pronunci¬
ation of a local dialect word been given to an old farm-house
among the inland hills between Lancashire and Yorkshire.
In that neighbourhood, where old-fashioned rustic life still
abides the admixture of a rather uncultured social clement
from the residences of thriving district manufacturers, the
ruinous infatuation of Brian Holgate, and the unselfish con¬
stancy of Alice Ormerod. might afford sufficient motives for a
pathetic tale. Up to a certain point, their history is developed
with considerable effect, hut its spring of interest is soon dried
up by the exposure of Brian's contemptible moral weakness:
and, though Alice presents a noble womanly fignre, her action
in the story has no important result. The person whose
youthful affections and experiences command most attention
is lues Grey, an orphan girl, brought up from infancy under
the generous protection of the eminent professional vocalist,
Felix Arkwright, known as M. Felix in Paris and other foreign
cities. Her mother, the widow of a young English gentleman
who had been disinherited for marrying her. failed as a public
singer and died in poverty; upon which Felix kindly undertook
the care of the child. The characters and the behaviour of
Mr. Felix and of his confidential friend. Madame Reichardt,
an English lady of great benevolence and of high accomplish¬
ments. the widow of a German merchant at Irkford (evidently
Manchester), are represented in the most pleasing light. They
are perfectly consistent; and such rare examples of unaffected
goodness, allied with tact and discretion, and with true refine¬
ment of taste and manners, are very possibly to be met with
in the actual world. As both these congenial allies in well-doing
are within the marriageable age between thirty and forty, and
are in constant correspondence, besides occasional visits, one
is inclined to bojH* that they will make a suitable match : but
the demands of romance are preferred by allowing Ines Grey,
when siie grows up to womanhood, to feel an affection warmer
than gratitude for her wise and faithful guardian. Becoming,
as she presently does become, the r :al heroine of the story,
Ines relates the most essential portion of it in chapters sup¬
posed to be written by herself, which have little connection
with the affairs of the unfortunate dwellers at Moor Isles.
Upon one occasion, indeed, when Mr. Felix, Mrs. Iieichardt,
ami Miss Grey, accept Brian Holgatc's invitation to spend an
afternoon in his moorland home, where Alice Ormerod helps to
entertain them, some links of mutual esteem are formed, which
do not afterwards bind the separate fortunes of these parties
closely together: Brian, an enthusiast about music, but acareless
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
OTTR MONTHLY LOOK ROUND.
The old proverb about the hardships encountered by a fish out
of water, might, of course, be paralleled by the case of a man
in the sea. But just as there are fishes which (like the climb¬
ing perch of India and others) can live for prolonged periods
outside the medium in which they naturally exist, so it would
api>enr there are variations and degrees in the length of time
which humanity can remain under water. M. Lacassagne has
been studying this latter point of lato, his chief subject being a
celebrated diver. This man, it was alleged, eonld remain
under water for 4 min. 14 sec., which, it must be confessed.is a
great advance in duration over the period commonly believed
to prove fatal to a completely immersed person. The study of
this man revealed certain interesting and important points.
Ill the first place, he expelled all the air from his lungs—that
is all the air which breathing can expel from the lungs, for
there always remains in the longs an amonnt over and above
that which can be exhaled in the deepest expiration—then lie
filled his lungs as completely as possible, and dived. While in
the water, he swallowed about a litre of the fluid, a litre being
nearly (1*76) two • ints. On emerging from the water.it is
said he “ snorted " frequently, while his face was congested,
his heart-beats slow and feeble, and his eyes flushed.
M. Lacassagne observed that this diver, in the course of
his deep inspirations previous to his immersion, really
swallowed a large amount of air; while, when under the
water, he swallowed saliva, or the fluid of the mouth. During
immersion, also, the movements of breathing proceeded at a
regular rate of twenty to the minnte: the cavities of the
chest and abdomen diminishing proportionately in size. The
explanation of the ability to remain below water for snch a
prolonged period appears to rest on the fact that the man's
pharynx (the cavity which intervenes between the month and
throat) acts as a reservoir of air. The air is drawn, it is
supposed, from the stomach into the cavity first named, and
is thence inhaled into the lnngs. The faculty of successful
diving would thus appear to rest upon a power of swallowing
air in the first instance, this swallowed air serving as a
store upon which the lnngs may and do draw when the diver
is below water. It wonld be interesting to learn what phy¬
siologists have to say to this theory of diving ; but I am
reminded that in certain fishes which can remain ont. of water
for a length of time there exists a storehouse for water in the
head. In other fishes, which 9eem actually to require in part
to breathe air like onrselves from the atmosphere, and which
perish if kept below water, the pharynx serves as a cavity
wherein air is contained. The latter fishes in this respect
resemble M. Lacassagne's diver in their possessing an aerial
reservoir on whose stores they may draw for the vital snpply.
The “omnipresent germ" is, day by day, extending its
range of action. The latest information to hand regarding
the work of bacilli, as the germs are named, and their neigh¬
bours. is to the effect that the phosphorescent light of certain
animals is really a consequence of the action of these germs.
There is a shell-fish called the Pholas, which burrows in rocks
by means of its shells : nnd in this animal, M. Raphael Dnbois
tells us he has discovered a bacillus or germ, which, through
the chemical changes it produces in the animal tissues, evolves
the phosphorescent gleam. Some phosphorated substance
being oxidised, to put. the matter chemically, by the germ-
action. we get the strange weird light of the sea produced.
There is another point in this explanation worth recording,
because it favours the views of the anthor I have jnst quoted.
Phosphorescence is known to be frequently associated with
decay of animal tissues. Now, decay really means the pulling
to pieces of the dead animal by germ-action ; and if this
notion be correct, we are at no loss in such a case to connect
the phosphorescence with a likely cause. Again, the germ-
origin of these lightsof the sea may serve to remove some of the
difficulties which naturalists havo felt in accounting for the
utility and causes of the strange gleaming in animals whoso
deep-sea habits place them far beyond the influence of light.
subject is the position of an honourable man who, having idler, never recognisesthe true worthof Alice, who loves him and * * * *
contracted under circumstances of extreme peril and hardship would save him ; but he falls a victim to the seductions of One of the premonitions of earthquake has long been alleged
an intimate friendship with another man, being indebted to Lnev lSarrnclongh, the wickedest little flirt in the country; to exist in the disturbed temper of the animal creation in'i he
him for thrice saving his life, when they were destitute takes to drink and gambling with her brother.Jim and with neighbourhood of the affected area. Professor Milne, whose
wanderers in the Bush of North Queensland, and for sharing the artful schemer, Dick Law ; finally, loses all his money in observations on earthquakes are so numerous and interesting,
with him a discovery of gold that suddenly enriched them both. the wild game of “ poker," and goes to America by the assist- says that animals are more widely affected during earthquakes
a few years later meets at the Falls of Niagara a woman supposed ance of Mr. Felix. We do not care much about him ; and the than we have hitherto supposed. Not only do domestic animals
by him to be a widow ; he loves her instantly with a first and concluding information that he has mended his life, and has exhibit consternation, bnt fishes experience what appears to he
final, fatal love, and she, though firmly rejecting and resisting found a new home and a wife in the United States, leaves great alarm. In ISHii, at Tokio, in Japan, the cats tried to
his suit, nevertheless, in a moment of apparent danger, at the ns only content to know that he is never to become the escape from houses, foxes barked, and horses tried to break
impending collision of their ship with another steamer, husband of Alice. With regard to the other group of loose from their stables. Before earthquakes began, pheasants
involuntarily betravs her affection for him when death seems characters, their relations to each other excite lively and have screamed, and ponies threatened n stampede. Birds hide
close at hand. This’woman. Mrs. Florence, accompanied by hor agreeable sympathy, of which Ines is naturally the their heads beneath their wings, as if apprehensive of coming
brother Anthony Strange, is also on her way from Australia; centre. Among the best scenes are those of her being danger. In Calabria, the sand-eels left their burrows, and
and she is the wife of the man now calling himself Joseph presented to her haughty grandfather, old Mr. Grey, and came to the top of the sand in multitudes. Probably, as Mr.
Binbian, the trusty comrade, sworn friend, and gold-mining to her cousins, Maurice and Maud, at the Kirkfence (Leeds) Milne remarks, animals are highly sensitive to the slight pre-
partner of Richard Ransom, who knew that his friend was an Musical Festival ; and her subsequent meeting with Maurice monitory tremors which herald the greater shock. When we
escaped convict, and that heir,id been guiltv of embezzling some at ati evening party in London. She has been educated with consider how much more extensive and delicate than our own
money of Government; that he had formerly been a gambler. the highest intellectual advantages nnder learned professors. senses those of many lower animals are, we cease to wonder at
drunkard, and profligate husband ; but who had seen, daring a »d ' 9 a scholar of the Oriental languages, Persian and such examples of their sensitiveness. A dog's sense of smell,
five years of close companionship! the sincerity of his moral Sanscrit, intending to earn hor own livelihood by teach- for instance, must; transcend immensely onr own olfactory
reformation. Ransom does not know the name that his friend >ng or literary work. Resenting the former harsh sense, and open up to the animal, worlds of odonrs and im-
had borne in another Australian colony—Queensland is a long conduct of her grandfather towards her own parents, pressions all unknown to bis master,
way from Melbourne—before he was condemned to imprison- and the long neglect of herself by all her paternal kindred, * * * * *
ment, and got away into the wild region where thev first met; she declines the offer of a home with the Greys, who are a Great activity now reigns in onr educational departments
where one shared with the other, dying of thirst, his last drop rich and aristocratic family ; and she of course refuses the hand everywhere. The winter sessions and autumnal terms arc
of water; one nursed the other for weeks in fever; one of Cousin Maurice, being half-unconscionsly in love with Mr. in full swing, and from onr Universities downwards to
plungedintoaraging torrent to save the other from drown- Felix. The admirable self-denying arrangement made by her the night-classes for working-lads, the busy work of gaining
ing ; one received in his own hotly a spear hurled by murderous kind benefactor to wean her from this suspected attachment to knowledge proceeds apace. One cannot avoid the thonght that
savages at the other; and where the profits of a marvellous himself, of which he thinks it wonld not be right to take with this wide diffusion of knowledge, the world, while it
find of gold were faithfully shared between them. Snrei.v, in advantage, is ultimately defeated. After leaving her two years grows wiser, must grow better likewise. I am afraid, how-
such a situation there are elements of romance, of heroic under the care of Madame Prcnat in London, neither seeing her ever, that until we succeed in acquiring “ culture,” as the
tragedy, of that mysterious game of cross purposes between nor writing to her during that time, Mr. Felix at leugth method of applying our knowledge to making life happier and
Fate or Fortune or Providence and the highest resolves perceives, when Mrs. Reichardt and Ines join him in his healthier, we shall not reap the fall benefit of all our
and noblest emotions of the human heart, which makes American tour, that the girl's heart is fairly and irretrievably educational activity. I know of no word which has been
the Drama, in any form — even in a prose narrative of given to him ; and then, putting aside his needless scruples,he more roundly anil soundly abnsed than this same term
common folk of our own days— incomparably the most inter- at length obeys the prompting of his own heart by marrying “culture." Matthew Arnold's definition of it strikes me as
csting kind of literature? These three persons Ransom his Ines after all. with the sincere approval of Mrs. Reichardt. being admirably succinct. Knowledge comes, bnt culture
partner “ Binbian Joe"— a name taken from the Binbian All this part of the story comes to an end very happily, and even lingers — to parody the Laureate's lines; in truth, the
Range, where they found the gold—and this man's lost wife with an intimation that “ Moor Isles ” is a place to be revisited “ wisdom ” of the poet is much the same thing as the “ culture "
Berenice, who * hates and loathes the memory of her now and then ; bnt with a lonely prospect for Alice Ormerod, of the philosopher. Let ns get knowledge by all means-
brief and wretched married life, are the principal characters. who was deserving of a better fate. without it man would relapse into the savage state—bnt in all
And they are all noble, each in his or her own wav ; for she, Broke a Wings, by Avery Macalpine (Chatto and Windns), car educational aspirations let ns strive after the culture that
dreading no evil so ranch as that of again meeting her has- is a one-volume work by the anthor of “Teresa Itasca,” and applies knowledge to its useful ends. Culture is only the
band, never thinks, except in one moment of frantic despair, has all the charm of lifelike characterisation and vivid successful utilisation of knowledge in the aim of increasing
and as a refuge from that horror, that she can give herself to description which marked the previous book. Ronen, in human happiness, after all. Let ns be careful that, amidst all
the man she loves ; while Joe, purified of every low habit and which most of the incidentsof this interesting story of French onr acquirements, we at least learn the high art of putting onr
passion by intense suffering, and exulted by his brotherly life occurred, is graphically described. The talc is romantic knowledge to useful ends.
friendship with Uansom, never thinks of the chance of finding to the verge of sensationalism ; yet it is thoroughly wholesome, * * * * *
her except for atonement and pardon, bnt like Enoch Arden, Us ohief theme being the passionate, self-sacrificing love of a I have received from various correspondents accounts of
prefers that she shall believe him’dead, so that she maybe mother for her daughter, who is under training for a tlatuntiw ; frogs and toads “ in solid rocks," corroborative of the views
free. Such is the theme which Mrs. Campbell Praed has while the other characters are drawn with dramatic power, expressed by me in “ Science Jottings " for Oct. 13. Bnt the
treated in a tale of so much imaginative force, refinement of The narrative is picturesque, and the style everywhere graceful toad in the rock " is such a venerable institntion that I doubt
feeling, and moral beauty that to label it with that silly title. and frequently poetical. Some illustrations by W. J. Hennessy whether any criticism of a scientific kind can dispose of him.
“The Ladies’ Gallery," and to mix up with it the mere adorn the work. People dearly love their superstitions. A.ndbkw Wilson.
IN THE TIME OF THE EMPIRE.
The fashion of Parisian female dress, in the last years of the
eighteenth century and at the beginning of this century,
under the Directory of the French Republic and under the
Consulate and Empire of Napoleon Buonaparte, affected a
kind of simplicity which seemed to denote a reaction from
the pompous attire customary under the old Monarchy. At
first there was a rage for imitating the classical Greek
and Homan costumes, with no waist, but a long loose
garment fastened by a brooch at one shoulder; this was
superseded by the short-waisted white frock of the “ ingenue ”
or ** jeune fille," with arms bare, except when a long silk
mitten was drawn up beyond the elbow of the left arm,
while the head was covered with a huge Leghorn bonnet, sur¬
mounted by a wreath of flowers. This innocent-looking dress,
which is represented in the picture by an Italian artist, was
acLually worn for some lima not only by girls, but also by
ladies who perhaps were not so young as they hod been, and
who practised the airs of
jnvenile sprightliness and
tenderness until they had
passed middle age. It is so
disagreeable t> think of be¬
ginning to grow old.
NEW BOOKS.
Lift of Lon/ Stmt fort! /),
Jtnh‘1 ifft’y K./L By Stanley
Lane Poole. Two voU (Long¬
mans).— The biography of
that eminent diplomatist and
statesman, who daring nearly
half a century bore an active
part in British policy, and ill
the East of Europe had great
influence over its affairs, can¬
not fail to l>e of much his¬
torical interest. His com¬
mandin'/ personality, as well
'as the deference long paid to
his wishes and opinions, whieh
rose to its height at the time
of the Crimean War, make
him almost ns great a figure
as some of the rulers of con¬
siderable Stales. It is ques¬
tionable whether he could
have attained much authority
at home, or the rank of Prime
Minister, in any case, as
a Parliamentary statesman.
Though an able councillor
and a masterly administrator,
he. perhaps, lacked the sym¬
pathetic insight, ns he lacked
the peculiar experience, need¬
ful for success in popular
government. His public-
spirited uprightness, with his
extraordinary force of pur¬
pose, secured the assent of Lord
Palmerston and other political
leaders to liisown views, whitdi
ho undoubtedly believed to lie
in this year l***s. may tliiuk,
ns some did in !v»l, that the
policy of playing guardian
and tutor to the Turkish
Empire was not the true
English poliev. and that, very
little good has come of the
immense sacrifices we have
made for its sake. Yet we
hold the memory of Sjr.Nrrat-
ford Canning. Lord St rat fori
I)e Redcliffe. in sufficient
esteem to greet Mr. Stanley
Lane Poole's " Life ” of him
with real satisfaction, which
is enhanced by the perusal of
a work so good in literary
composition, so well arranged,
and so full of exact inform¬
ation, characteristic anec¬
dotes, and valuable details
concerning momentous trans¬
actions. Stratford Canning,
nephew to the Right lion.
George Canning, but only
seventeen years his junior,
was horn in 1786. in the City
of London, the son of a not
very successful merchant, was
brought up by his widowed
mother at Wansteod. was
educated at Eton and partly
at King’s College. Cambridge,
was placed in the Foreign
Office by his uncle’s influence,
was sent to Copenhagen, and
soon afterwards to Constanti¬
nople, as Secretary of a Lega¬
tion, and in 1810, nt the age
of twenty-three, was acting
as Minister Plenipotentiary
to the Porte, then lieset
with Russian and French
intrigues in the midst of our great war with Napoleon I.
His biographer candidly observes that this ca*y and rapid
advancement in the diplomatist’s career accounts for his
“exceeding masterfulness’’—-which some have called high¬
handed arrogance and occasional insubordination—his want
of the faculty of “getting on with others”; his im¬
patient, menacing temper, and a disposition to lie suspicious
which came from the nest of intrigues that surrounded him at
Constantinople. These faults in an English statesman at home
would have been fatal to high political nsefulness : but there
are some indisoriruinating admirers of “ the Great Eltchi ” w ho
seem to regard them as the best qualifications for a British
Minister dealing with Turkey and Rnssia. Most readers of the
biography, who are likety to be somewhat acquainted with the
history of our foreign affairs from 1824 to 1858, will have
formed an opinion long ago upon the manner in which “ the
Eastern Question ’’ was handled. This may even be extended
to the events of 1878, under the Beaconsfield Administration :
but happily, in the present situation of Enrope. it is not of
urgent practical need to correct any misapprehensions that
may have l»oon entertained on that score. Ten years ago,
thirty years ago, sixty or seventy years ago—what is it all to us
now but past history, worth studying, of oourse, for example
and instruction, but with no imperative bearing on the actual
interests and duties of this time ? These two volumes, apart
from the concerns of the Turkish Empire, of Greece, of
Navarino, of Asia Minor, of Syria, of Egypt, of “ tbe
Danubian Principalities,” of Servia, of Montenegro, of the
Unkiar Skelessi and other Treaties, of the Czar Nicholas and
Prince Meutchikoff, of the result of the Crimean War. the
Haiti Humayouu, the manifold breakings and patchings of
the rotten Imperial garment of Ottoman rule, contain much
that will interest readers who have given all that up as a bad
job. The brilliant figure of George Canning is naturally pro-
nun. mt m some chapters of tin* first volume. His generous
sympathy with struggling nationalities of old renown was
effectually proved, during his Ministry, by his friendly efforts
nt Europeau intervention on behalf of Greece. These had
the zealous co-operation of Stratford Canning, in Constantin¬
ople, from 1826 to 1832 ; and we are inclined to regard
them as the brightest achievement of both the Cannings,
from first to last. Stratford Canning, however, was not
Minister in Turkey, but. in the Cnited States of America,
from 18-2H to 1823. when he privately wrote. » I wish with all
my soul that the Greeks were put in possession 'if their whole
patrimony, and that the Sultan were driven bag and baggage
into the heart of Asia ”; much the same wish that Mr.
Gladstone expressed in favour of the Bulgarians eleven years
ago ! It lias never, indeed, been possible for any English
statesman. Conservative or Liberal, to entertain a feeling of
positive hostility to the cause of national independence in the
countries under Turkish rule ; hut some of our statesmen have
too often thought fit to postpone such claims to their chief
object, that of thwarting Russian influence among the popu¬
lations attached to the Greek and other Eastern Chnrches.
Leaving, once more, the not very agreeable consideration of
such topics, and the costly errors of our foreign policy which
are not likely to be repeated, we commend Mr. Stanley Lane
Poole’s work as a piece of history, as a biography, and as the
narrative of a great and dignified Englishman's public and
private life. It has some domestic and personal interest. Sir
Stratford Canning sat many years in the House of Commons,
and as Lord Stratford De Redcliffe many years in the House of
Lords, dying in 1880, a “ Grand Old Man,” at the age of ninety-
three. He was certainly deserving of a book to be written
about him, and here is a good one.
The Long White Mountain. By H. E. M. James (Long¬
mans).—Manchuria is not unknown to us, but few travellers have
explored it. Mr. H. E. M. James, of the Bombay Civil Service,
has lately spent his holidays in a seven months’ journey in that
country, the result of which is now published in this volume,
and is full of fresh and interesting matter. Its chief feature
is the exploration, for the first time, of the Ch’ang-Pai-Shan,
which is the Chinese for the“ Long," or “ Old ” White Mountain.
The present dynasty w-hich rules in China is Mnncbu ; its
ancestors come from the region of this mountain, and
there is a fabulous legend w-hich ascribes their first origin
to it; so to them it is very sacred, and it presents us with
an instance of a mountain being a kiblah, or shrine,
towards which prayer is offered. The Emperor Kanghi
visited Kirin in 1682, and when he came in sight of
the mountain he alighted from bis horse, and bowed
thrice by way of salutation.
The present Military Gover¬
nor of the district has once
a year to perform a ceremony
of praying, looking to this
sacred mountain of the dyn¬
asty. It was supposed to be
of great height, and that its
whiteness was from the
eternal snow on its summit;
Mr. Jaides's exploration gives
us now the real account of it.
The mountain is only about
8<HM) ft. high ; it is, no doubt,
covered with snow in winter,
nud a few patches were seen
in the clefts, but the colour
is that of the rock, which is
pumice-stone. The top is an
old volcano, and the crater is
formed of this pumice-stone,
standing up in jagged peaks
and perpendicular sides, in
the centre of which, in the
old crater, is a pellucid pool
of deep blue water, about six
or seven miles in circum¬
ference. 'Ibis is the Lung-
Wan - Tan, or the “ Dragon
Prince's Pool." 'Ihc visitors
could not descend the steep
sides of t he crumbling puinicc-
sioue. but Lieutenant Young-
husbund managed to a>eend
the top of the highest peak.
Amongst the principal towns
visited were Moukden, Kirin,
Tsitsihnr, Sansing. Xingtu,
nml Hun-(h’un, which arc
described, as well as the rivers
nnd roads, with the munuers
and customs of the various
race* to be found in Man¬
churia. Mr. .lamrs was
accompanied by Mr. II. Ful-
ford. of the Chinese *on?nlar
Service, and by Lieutenant
Younghusbnnd. of the King’s
Dragoon Guards, who has
since returned to India by
way of Mongolia, the great
desert of Gobi, to Kashgar
and Yarkand, and got safely
into Kashmir bv wav at the
M iistagb Pass, the crossing of
which has been already re¬
lated before the Ron al Geo-
graphical Society.
t.'hs ,<f U,u,hm Ufr.
By Iicvemlra X. lias. B.A.
(Chapman awl Hall).- It will
tell people in Eli fill ml what a
great change has taken place
in India, and how far nur
language lias progressed in
that eomitrv. when we note
liovv many’have learned to
speak and Write English, and
the large minders of the
edtientioll. Il i» even more
significant to find that many
itig million, and pn (lacing
I.ks. There are learned
author, in India, snch ns Dr.
linji'iniraltihi Mina, who has
wrilicn a unrulier of winks ill
Ehglisl. Indian literature
and areha ology. He is only
one of many aulliors. and
few will dissent from the
hope that the number of
these native Indian scholars
may increase. Devendrn X.
lias has lately contributed
n number of Sketches df
Hindoo life to the daily
papers, anti one of them,
rather longer than the others,
had the honour of appearing in the pages of the Mmtrr»tk
I’nilurij. These have now been published in a volume ; and
they give a very good account of the everyday life and customs
of the natives of India. The sketches arc evidently written to
be popular in this country, and to attain this the author has
avoided almost all Hindostanee words and phrases. Perhaps
he has carried his abstinence of reference to Indian
ideas a little too far. For example, his. account of the
“ A'ogee •' would not have suffered, if he had just
hinted that the practice of these ascetics was founded
on the Yoga Philosophy, which dates back to a remote
period ; and that a celebrated aathor, known as Patanjali, bits
left a work on the subject as old as 2nd B.c. Xor would it have
interfered with the spirit of his purpose had he told us that
one Vatsyayana wrote a book, about 1800 years ago, on which
the domestic and social life of the Hindoos is moulded, as it
teaches the science of life. The author of “Sketches of
Hindoo Life " evidently writes from his own experience, and
this gives a value to his descriptions. The whole is very fresh,
and the work is a contribution to our knowledge of the daily
existence of the people of India, a subject on which we have
not as yet many books of authority to refer to.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 3, 1888.-529
1. Bridge over Pond, Ea»t Park Estate.
S. View of Hgbgate from lower side of the East He
Hampstead, looking over the late Brickfields.
3 Parliament Hill from Hlghgote Ponds, Mllllleld-Lano.
4 . Wooded Della. East Park Estate.
8 . Old Tree In the East Park Estate.
6. Stile In Parliament Hill Fields.
7. View towards the Vole of Health, from the late Brickfields.
8. View of Hlghgate and Caen Wood from East Park Estate.
THE NEW EXTENSION OP HAMPSTEAD-HEATH : THE EAST PARK ESTATE AND PARLIAMENT HILL FIELDS.
530
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 3, 1888
THUN.
Than is just the place for anyone who, tired of the noise and
racket of London life, seeks simplicity and the calm enjoy¬
ment of beautiful walks amidst the most delightful scenery.
Of coarse it does not boast the rugged grandeur of glaciers
and snow-capped mountains, such as we meet with more in the
heart of Switzerland ; but in its quiet beauty of river, lake,
and wooded bills, with the loftier heights of the Kiger, the
Munch, and the Juugfrau in the distance, it is not to lie
surpassed.
The little town itself is charmingly situated on the river
Aare. about three-quarters of a mile from the point where it
issues from the Lake of Thun, and is quite a typical Swiss
town. Many of the houses are very old, for the most
part built of wood, and often curiously carved, with great over¬
hanging eaves, high gables, and queer-shaped roofs of many-
coloured tiles and numerous pinnacles. There are two or three
quaint old covered wooden bridges across the river, which is
extremely rapid and of the deepest blue-green hue ; it is said,
too, that its waters are excessively cold, but of this I cannot
speak from experience.
The main street of Thnn is very curious. Xo two houses
in it are alike, and the effect of the different styles, fancifully
adorned fronts, and diversity of colouring, is most picturesque.
A row of shops, generally rather inferior ones, or snch as are
used for the sale of very homely articles, project in front of
the houses on the ground-floor, the footway being made over
their flat roofs, and in front of the better class of shops. An
arcade, such as is often met with in old Swiss and German towns,
extends part of the way above this footpath. I constantly found
mvself descending into the roadway in order to have a good
look at the lower sho|>s, many of which contained a great deal,
of copper-ware, some of the vessels being made in shapes
quite strange to our eyes, while in others were odd-looking
tubs and wooden utensils of every description, homespun
linens, Ac., all interesting to a stranger's eye. This walking
in the roadway is, however, not always pleasant, as it is not
very broad, and though the amount of traffic is not very
great, some of the vehicles are extremely clumsy and unwieldy,
and the driving is most promiscuous, so that I had to keep a
pretty sharp look out.
Thnn. for the most part, is bnilt on the steep side of a hill ;
the church, the schools, and many of the houses being at a
very considerable height above the river. It is, in fact, quite
a pilgrimage up to the church, the usual way of reaching it
being up a flight of between two and three hundred Wooden
steps, roofed in almost to the top, and forming a most qnaint
and carious approach. The last part of the ascent is made bj
a flight of stone steps between walls with gardens on the
other side, and when I was there some vegetable-marrow
plants hail been trained across from side to side, and formed
quite a pretty green bower, while huge yellow marrows hung
down over the heads of the passers-by. Hung, Isay—but one
came down on the steps with a crash the instant after I had
passed, ami its size and weight were quite enough to make me
thankful it did not come down npon my head. The result,
if nothing worse, must have been a headache for the rest of
that day.
A little turret is built out at each comer of the church¬
yard. each commanding a most exquisite view of the lovely
valley (the Aare here divides itself into two branches), with the
impetuous river hurrying along through the most verdant
meadows, the wooded sides of the Stockhorn. the sterner
Niesen, the triple peaks of the llliimlis-alp, and the distant
snow-capped Jungfrau : or, again, of the quaint-looking town
below us, the castellated villas in their beautiful gardens that
seemed to rise out or the water, and. a little further on, the
glittering lake shut in by lofty mountains. All this make; a
veritable feast for the eyes that one would never tire of. The
curious olti square tower with a pinnacled turret at each
corner—part of the former castle of Zahringen-Thyburg—
stands a little higher up than the church, the views from it
being almost identical with those just described.
Thun seems a very busy little place. One of its principal
trades consists of porcelain, the manufacture of which is
carried on at Heimbnrg, a village a little way out of the town.
I paid a visit to these porcelain works, and was much in¬
terested in what I saw. The [lottery is madaby men. who also
attend to the baking of it; but almost the whole of the
painting, and of the fine stencil-work one sees on much of it,
is the work of girls, who execute the designs entirely accord¬
ing to their own fancy. The “Thnn ware," as it is called, is
of several kinds : some, very fine, and of exquisite shades
of colonr, and with a dull surface, is considered the best, and
is fashioned into elegant vases of classical shapes; another
sort, the ground of which is often black, while the embossed
pattern npon it is painted in bright tints of blue, red, and
yellow, is made upon the models of vessels found by Dr.
Schliemann in his recent excavations : while a third, less
costly kind, is generally glazed on the surface.
Coppersmiths and bellfounders also form an important
part of the manufactnring population of Thun. Hells of every
description, from the weighty and sonorous church-bell to the
tiny tinkling things which the Swiss are so fond of placing
about their harness, are made here ; and we were told that
cow-bells, as well as bells for sheep and goats, so universally
hung.round the necks of all these animals in Switzerland, are
made in greater numbers at Thun than in any other place ;
while large quantities of them are yearly exported to America
and several other countries. .
Thau is also the great market for the Gruybre cheeses,
which are chiefly made in the neighbouring •* Sira men fchal.”
and hundreds of which are brought to the great cheese fair
held there from time to time. One of these fairs took place
while I was there. It was amusing to see the rough-and-
ready way in which the cheeses, varying in size from the
circumference of a moderate-sized cart-wheel to that of an
infant's perambulator, were brought into the town on the rude
waggons of the country, generally drawn by oxen, and then
rolled and tumbled about like so many logs of wood, till they
are placed on open stalls along the street. Of course, intend¬
ing purchasers were freely invited to taste of these, as well as
of the various other sorts of cheeses (some of very drciinl
aroma, to say the least o( it!) displayed, while the vendors
tried to outdo one another in shouting the praises of their own
especial dairy. The Gruyire cheeses are not. as is generally
supposed in'England, made entirely of goats' milk—the best,
at least, being composed of a mixture of goats' and cows’
milk. Many of them are made during the short summer
when the flocks and herds are grazing on the “ Senncn." or
heights, whence the cheeses are bronght down to the valleys
on the backs of stalwart young men, as is shown in our
Illustration. Tho frame in which the cheese is placed
resembles a glazier’s frame somewhat, though much narrower,
and is fastened by straps round the shoulders. A portion of
the woman's head-dress is made of black laoe or gauze,
stiffened, and in Borne instances even held up by wires. It is
attached to the back part of the head-gear.
There are charming drives to be had around Thun. and. for
those who do not mind going uphill, most delightful walks.
I mnst eon tent myself with mentioning one or two of the
hlt An”instinctive feeling always leads me to try and get
high up wherever I am. and this had already induced me to
establish myself at a nice, quiet hotel a good way up the hill¬
side. whence I conld overlook the town. Still. I wanted to
get higher : »o, on starting out for my first walk, I naturally
turned mv face upwards.
The path led at first past two or three pretty little villas,
just then the abode of English residents, and on by cosy-
looking chalets, inhabited by well-to-do peasants, standing in
gardens gay with bright autumn flowers of every hue. fore¬
most among them being zinnias and asters of various shades,
and shaded by pear and walnut trees bowed down with their
load of fruit. The stillness was broken only by the hutn of
innumerable bees that were busy among the heather and
wild thyme at my feet, varied by the occasional chirp of a
grasshomier or the buzz of mosquitoes. It was very hot, and
I was not sorrv when I reached the shade of the beech and
pine woods which clothe the Griisisberg. Here it was cooler,
and I wandered up and up. stopping ever and anon to
contemplate the exquisite views that continually presented
themselves at some opening marie at a salient point, till I
reached the Rabeufluh. nearly 4000 ft. above the lake. This
spot commands a wide pros|>ect of the rich, fertile valley
nearly as far as Berne, in the one direction, of the lake of
Thun, backed by the Stockhorn, the Niesen, Blumlis-alp. and
the far-away .Jungfrau in the other.
Having rested a while and enjoyed to the full the beauty of
the scenery, I set out on my return, which was more easily
accomplished than the ascent had been. I followed the path
by which l had gone up till l reached a sign-post with
* ; Kohlerenschlucht” on it, and as I thought ** schlucht ” (or
ravine) sounded promising, I took the direction in which it
pointed.
Descending rapidly, the path now led through a lovely
wood carpeted with the softest mosses of many sorts, into
which my foot sank at every step, while on all sides were ferns
of most luxuriant growth, among which the English maiden¬
hair and the Asplenium Rathunmraria were conspicuous.
Fungi, too. abounded, some of them of very curious shapes,
ami nearly all of brilliant hues. Tiny rills and miniature
ejiseiules clear as civstal and cold as ioe, came tumbling over
the rocks at every turn, all hurrying down to join their waters
with those of the Htinibach, a small mountain stream, which
here forces its way through a deep, rocky ravine, where it
makes several waterfalls, one or two of them of considerable
height and volume. One, the largest, if I remember rightly,
was very picturesque, and seemed to have taken the form of
a huge ostrich-feather. Following the conrse of this stream,
which I crossed and recrossed by little rustic bridges, and
passing by three or four poor cottages on its very brink. I
soon came to the hainlet of Kohleren, and found myself on the
Goldiwyl road, within a couple of miles of Thun.* This road,
running parallel with the Aare. from which it is only
separated by the width of a meadow , is pleasantly shaded by
great walnut-trees, now laden with fruit: while the pastures
on the other side were thickly sprinkled with autumn crocuses.
As I neared the town my attention was drawn to two or three
of the handsomest wooden houses I have seen in .Switzerland.
Both the colour of the wood and the richness of the carving
were very remarkable, and one or two had not merely a »/<>///>,
which is often seen on the front of Swiss dwellings, bat a
whole poem, or several verses of a psalm, cut in large letters
on them—words expressing some patriotic or, still more often,
some pious sentiment.
Space forbids, or I should tell of other delightfnl walks I
took in this pretty neighbourhood, the remembrance of which
must ever be of the pleasantest. L. T. M.
The Duke of Westminster has been appointed Lord Lieu¬
tenant of the newly-created county of London.
An exhibition of Elizabethan relics connected with the
Armada Tercentenary is held in the Grand .Saloon of Drnry-
Lane Theatre. It was opened by the Earl of Wincbilsea and
Nottingham.
At an influential meeting held at Plymouth it was deter¬
mined to invite the Royal Agricultural Society to hold its
annual meeting in !8‘><> in that town, and upwards of £2000
was subscribed in the room.
The Hon. W. H. B. Portman on Oct. 25 opened the Victoria
Jubilee Nursing Institute, which has been erected and endowed
at Taunton, at a cost of £1<MX>«». The institute adjoins the
Taunton and Somerset Hospital, whlwh was erected as a
memorial of the Jubilee of George III. The scheme of en¬
larging the usefulness of this institution has been promoted
by Dr. Edward Liddon ; and on an appeal being made for sub¬
scriptions, an anonymous donor gave £5000. Tbt? whole of the
sum desired has been raised. The architect was Mx Houghton
Spencer, of Taunton.
THE EXTENSION OF HAMPSTEAD HEATH.
All Londoners may congratulate themselves on the completion
of a business which has, during three or four years past,
engaged the active efforts of many public-spirited persons, and
which has been brought to a successful result, securing in
perpetuity for the enjoyment and recreation of the people a
large addition to the open ground of Hampstead Heath, under
the official care of the Mctropolitan Board of Works, in future of
the new London County Council. It may indeed be considered
that this addition was necessary to preserve the advantages
hitherto derived from the common use of the East Heath, the
part extending from near the railway-station at South-End
green to the Vale of Health and the Spaniards Road.
That portion of the heath, which is frequented more than
any other by holiday folk of the working classes, fronts to¬
wards Highgate a beautiful rising ground, known as the
Parliament Hill Fields, with the noble woods of Lord
Mansfield's park to the left hand, and to the right hand an
elevated knoll, commanding a vast panoramic view which
embraces nearly the whole of London, with the Surrey DownB,
Shooter s Hill in Kent, and the hills in Essex beyond Waltham¬
stow and Wanstead closing the prospect. The neorer views
from the Parliament Hill Fields are certainly more beautiful
than any others within ten miles of London. There is Caen or
Ken Wood, the park of Lord Mansfield, covering a long ridge
of high ground with a thick belt of magnificent foliage; there
is the open eastern side of the picturesque little town of
Hampstead, ascending the brow of the East Heath to the Flag¬
staff summit near Jack Straw's Castle, below which, in a
deep grassy hollow, the quaint hamlet called “The Vale of
Health ” is marked by a tall castellated building, which was
designed for a grand hotel, and the npper part or which has
an imposing effect. But the most delightful view is across the
Highgate Ponds, and over the still rural hedges of Millfield-
lane, to the West Hill of Highgate, which from Swain's-lane,
the quiet, tree-shaded avenue to Highgate Cemetery, rises
steeply to the summit crowned by Highgate Church, and is
clothed with foliage bv Holly Lodge Park, the residence
of Lady Burdette Coutte. and by the groves and shrubberies
of the villas in Fitzroy Park. The purchase from Lord
Mansfield of these Parliament Hill fields, with the remnant
of the Gospel Oak fields, a lower piece of level ground
adjacent to the railway, admirably suitable for cricket, foot¬
ball, and lawn-tennis, is an acquisition of the greatest value.
They would otherwise, probably, at no distant time, have been
covered with houses, like all the land between Kentish Town
and Holloway, which we can remember to have been open
fields. The enormous increase of population in those districts
of North London which arc not within an easy distance either
of Regent's Park or of Finsbury Park, makes the opening of
the Parliament Hill fields an event likely to contribute to the
health and happiness of vast numbers of families ; we have
only now to urge that those fields should be rendered more
accessible, from Kentish Town, by constructing an inexpensive
foot-bridge over the North London Railway near the Gospel
Oak Station, to save walking nearly a mile round.
It has been observed, however, that the hitherto existing
attractions of the East Heath at Hampstead, to which wo
uow return, would have been liable to entire destruction,
if the recent extension had not been effected at the
present time. This can be readily explained with a little
attention to the topography. The lower edge of the
East Heath is bounded for the most part by a deep ravine,
anciently the channel of a stream of which the water is now
collected in the Hampstead Ponds. On the opposite bank of
this ravine, almost the entire slope of the rising gronnd, up to
the Parliament Hill Fields, forms the East Park estate, part
of the large Hampstead property of Sir Spencer Maryon
Wilson. Many years ago, in the time of his predecessor. Sir
Thomas Maryon Wilson, there was a plan of building houses
along the whole length of this strip of land ; a terrace road,
now abandoned and grass-grown, was made ready to be lined
with rows of trim villas, which would have completely shut
out every view of rural nature from that side of Hampstead
Heath. This plan was happily not carried into effect; but a
large portion of the ground, as it consisted of good brick-clay,
was leased to a brick-maker, who held it until about two years
ago, and by whom it was cut down, chopped, and carved in a
manner utterly destructive of its natural form, which was that
of a hill gracefully swelling with a fine outline, while the very
pretty avenue of trees, at the public footpath from Hampstead
to Highgate, was ruthlessly despoiled. The mischief can never
be repaired ; hut since the East Park estate, as well as the
Parliament Hill Fields, is now purchased on public account, and
the ugly traces of clay-cutting and brick-making may be partly
veiled by the springing-np of wild grass and brambles, we
hope that in time a rough natural thicket will hide the
unsightly disfigurement of the once beautiful hillside. If
trees were planted there which would grow to a large size,
flourishing as they would do in that sheltered situation, our
children or grandchildren would find it a oharming strip of
woodland ; bat we do not expect that the Metropolitan Board
of Works—beg pardon, the London County Council—will go to
such an expense. At any rate, the gronnd is saved from the
house-builders, to whom it was actually offered for sale last
year or the year before ; and this means no less than the
saving of Hampstead East Heath from the deprivation of any
natural pleasantness that it has been deemed to possess. It
was bad enough, in years long past, to have allowed the
erection of the South Hill Park houses at one end, and of the
misplaced cluster of odd buildings in the Vale of Health, at
the other, by which the eastward view is fatally interrupted,
and the succession of soft landscape outlines, that charmed
the eye of many a poet and many an artist, has been
irretrievably spoilt.
To the north-west of the land called the East Park estate,
adjacent to that romantic side-path, overhung by trees, which
descends skirting the edge of the heath, from the corner by
“The Elms," not far from Erskine House in the Spaniards
Road, another piece of land, in itself perhaps the most beau¬
tiful, has been obtained by the recent arrangements. It is of
small extent, bnt the intimate charm of its scenery, which is
due to the meadow-ground falling info dells and sequestered
hollows, adorned with varioifs damps of trees, lias remained
intact; few public or private parks can boast of a lovelier
spot. This ground has never been accessible to unprivileged
feet, but it conld be admired by looking over the fence. Our
Artist. Mr. W. H. J. Boot, a resident at Hampstead, has devoted
to its features a due share of his attention, while he has, in
other Sketches, delineated the lesser bridge in the East Park
estate ; the view from the bottom of the East Heath looking
towards Highgate; the familiar stile at the entrance to the
Parliament Hill Fields; and the view of Parliament Hill from
the Highgate Ponds, close to Millfield-lane. looking m the south¬
west direction. The opposite spires of Highgate and of t hnsi
Church, Hampstead, are seen, rising amidst trees, from one
point of view on the East Park estate. Those well iicqnamteu
with the neighbonrhood will anticipate our admission to
these Sketches do not comprise all that has been won for P""* 1 ®
pleasure ; but we may take another opportunity of sl owing
what Loudon has gained by the Hampstead Heath Extension.
NOV. 8, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
631
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated March 17. 1883), with three codicils (dated
Feb. 20, 1886; May 19, 1887 ; and Feb. 24, 1888), of Mr.
Uichard Elliston Phillips Balston, late of Thornhills, Maid¬
stone, who died on Sept. 22 last, was proved on Oct. 19 by
Thomas Balston (the brother), Richard James Balston (the
son), and Robert Lake Cobb, the executors, the value of the
Jiersonal estate amounting to upwards of £343,000. The
testator gives and devises his piece of land in Clad stone-road,
Maidstone, upon trust, either to the Ecclesiastical Com¬
missioners, in or towards the payment or endowment of the
Vicar or perpetual Curate of St. Paul's, Maidstone ; or for the
erection of a chnrch, chapel, or elementary schools : £3000 to
the Vicar and churchwardens of St. Paul’s, Maidstone, upon
trust, to pay the income to the Vicar for his own use: and
£2000 Three per Cent Consolidated Stock to the said Vicar and
churchwardens, upon trust, to apply the income in or towards
payment of the stipend of a second Curate, and when there is
no such second Curate, for the good of the poor. The good¬
will, machinery, and capital of his business of a paper maker
at Springfield, together with the mills, warehouses, dwelling-
houses, and lands he leaves to his son, Richard James Balston
but charged with the payment of an annuity of £40ibj for his
son William Edward Balston. He devises his two messuages at
Thornhills, with the gardens and premises, to his daughter,
Mary Mansfield Balston. and also bequeaths to her his plate,
glass, furniture, pictures, carriages and horses ; £590 to his
niece. Mary Mansfield: £ 11>im to hisgod-dnnghter, Mary Mans¬
field Cobb ; £10i>n to Edward Prentice ; £150 to each executor,
and other legacies to friends and servants. The residue of his
real and jiersonal estate he leaves as to one third each to his
son William Edward and liis daughters Mary Mansfield and
Mrs. Catherine Letitia Whitehead.
The will (dated June IS. 1879) of Mr. Robert Roskell, late
of Park House. Fulham, and New Bond-street, one of the firm
of Hunt and Roskell, jewellers, who died on July 22 last, was
proved on Oct. 24 by Allan Roskell and Charles John Roskell,
the sons, and Philip Witham, the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £277,(811). The
testator, under certain covenants contained in two indentures
of settlement, gives £10,1810 to the trustees of the marriage
settlement of his sou Nicholas Robert Roskell : £75iii> to the
trustees of the marriage settlement of his daughter Mary. Lady
Codrington : £.'>o00 each to his sons. Charles John. Nicholas
Robert, and Richard ; £10.ono. upon trust, for his son Charles,
and then to his children ; £ l.'i.ouo, upon like trusts, for his son
Nicholas Robert: £7500 to his daughter, Lady Codrington. for
life, and then to her children; .., upon trust, for his
grandson. William Robert Codrington ; £500 and an annuity
of £10UU, and the use. for life, of his house, furniture, horses,
Jte., to his wife. Mrs. Mary Roskell ; £2(81 each to his nephews,
John and James Kendal; and legacies to servants ami executors.
The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves, upon
trust, for his sons Nicholas Charles and Allan, in equal shares,
for their respective lives, and then for their children.
Letters of Administration of the personal estate of Miss
Mary Catherine Ann Myers, late of No. 4. Tilnev-street, Park-
lane, who dii*d on Sept. 24 last, a spinster, without parent,
brother or sister, uncle or aunt, nephew or niece, anil intestate!
were on Oct. 15 grunted to the Most Hon. William. Marquis of
Abergavenny. K.G.,of Fridge Castle. I'rant. Sussex, the lawful
cousin-german, and one of the next-of-kin, the value thereof
amounting to upwnids of £109.410.
The will (dated Ang. 6, 1885) of Miss Emily Coates, late of
Upper Terrace Lodge, Hampstead, who died! on Sept. 2(1, at
Looe, Cornwall, was proved oil Oct. 22. by Miss Marian Julia
James, the sole executrix, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £S3.(iiki. The testatrix bequeaths
£2(1(81 each to her cousins. Mrs. Flora Elizabeth Robinson and
Mrs. Eleanor Kathriue Miller; £5(84 to the London Domestic
Mission Society, having stations at Spiialfiehlsand St. Luke's ;
and £200 to the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals. The residue of her real and personal estate she
leaves to her friend, Miss Marian Julia James, for her own use
and benefit.
The will (dated March (1.1888), withaeodicil (dated March 13,
1838), of Mr. Tlionus Holt, formerly of New South Wales, and
a member of the Legislative Council of that colony, lmt late
of Haloot, Bexley, who died on Sept. (!. was proved on Oct. 19
by Mrs. Sophia Johanna Charlotte Holt, the widow, Joseph
Edwin Crawford Munro. and Alice Sophia Ellen Holt, Annie
Isabella Holt, and Emmeline Augusta Holt, the daughters, the
executors. The value of the personal estate in England exceeds
£37.0(81. the bulk of the testator's properrv being in Australia.
The testator bequeaths £1500 and the use of his house and
furniture, an annuity of £150 for life, two annuities of £850
and £2500 daring widowhood only, and a further annuity of
£150 in the event of her marrying again, to his wife. Mrs.
Sophia Johanna Charlotte Holt£ lo.ooo each to his daughters
Alice Sophia Ellen, Annie Isabella, and Emmeline Augusta;
and legacies to his executors. He gives and devises his estate
called " Arthursleigh,” in Australia, to his sun Arthur William
for life, with remainder over to liis first and ot her sons in
seniority in tail male ; his estate called •• Sutherland " to his son
Frederick Samuel Ellis, with a like remainder ; and his l’itt-
street Property," Sydney, between his three sous and three
daughters, in equal shares : but these devises are conditional
upon the payment of part of the annuities to liis wife. The
residue of his property, both in England and Australia, he
leaves between his three sons, in equal share s.
The will (dated Feb. 28. 1871). with two codicils (data
feb. 28. 1871, and July 7, 1882), of Mrs. Harriet Langf'on
u t0 j'- Iate ot The Convent. Kingsgate, Isle of Thanet, Kent
who died on Sept. 21, was proved on Oct. 19 bv Thoma
william Oliver, R.N., the nephew, Alexander Forties Tweedi.
and Richard Walter Tweedie, the executors, the value of tli
personal estate exceeding £29,000. The testatrix bequeath
£1000 to her sister, Mrs. Charlotte King: £1(881 to Hear
Oliver; £7000, upon, trust, for Thomas Langford Oliver, fo
life, and then to his children ; her leasehold estate at Reusing
ton to Henry Horace Powell Cotton ; £50 each to the poor o
the parish of St. Peter's, Isle of Thanet. and the |«irisl
schools; £25 for the schools at Broadstairs under the super
intenaence of the Vicar; 200 guineas to each of her executors
and numerous other legacies to relatives and servants. Th
residue of her property she leaves to her nephew, Thoma
™“Imm Oliver, absolutely.
. The Scotch Confirmation, under the seal of the Commissai io
v i. r *' trust > disposition, and settlement (date
teb. Id, 1887.) of Mr. James Johnstone, J.P., D.L., M.P. for th
county of Clackmannan from 1851 to 1857, late of Alvt
Stirling, and Hangingshaw. Selkirk, who died on Feb. 2-5
granted to Fletcher Norton Menzies and Robert Blaehfor
oiansneld, the accepting executors nominate, was resealed i:
oontion on Oct. 17, the value of the personal estate in Euglan
and Scotland exceeding £7000.
The Newark Town Council have elected Mr. F. B. Foottit,
so icitor, as Coroner for the borongh in place of Mr. W. Wallis,
solicitor, who has mysteriously disappeared from Newark.
CHESS.
Communication• for thlt department thonld be oddreated to the Chet* Editor.
W »i? 1 “ A „ YT .° x : _N ’"- i* enough: hot. the dincovery of other#, when
tlu> exist, ishowH more careful anaiyaiit of the {tomioTi.
C W W i Plymouth).—'Thanks for game, which shall have attention.
Mas W j Haiku. Your inference is wrong, hut your judgment is right. The
the “glut" of two. move
next, wc will jirint the
is from winch v
jmhlished o
«-r is correct ; the matter, unfortunately, po*ec*i>c8 no
KB8.--y to B 4th will not solve No. S3S1 I’ to K 3rd
ihunks from J W Pylon. \V Ulcatc. Mr* W J Bmrd.nml
? 1“uOin .km No. 23: , o received from K J Bohnstcdt ; «>f
‘ H ”•>. na from* 1 Ft' * * .....
tours of Wcddr - Hotel.
Puom.BM Nn. v.T.'i received from ,
<-hown<Bright■
ook i It ea
i. J 1) T
J lti*<
} Boy
i. IVterhoii
viim:.
1. P takin I*
2. g to Kt 2nd (oil)
h -J‘«!' . Ku *'" '• 1, ‘ ^‘U«e«..t Dixon iC.ilrheatcV), K I'tuli'i*!
It Vi .Tiers n Htitcrl.nr> i, t; V*,Hrei.two.N|>. K Fo ld tSnr-
n>. iii- i.i.r.*ke, WiImiu tiinimtc-on Satid*«. Martin F. Mrs
.Dilin short iKxel. n. K J Winter \Yo.sl. .1 Hci*.
Iientch 1 ; T(* iV\are>. J T I'ulli'ii, It F N lUulcs, F. Louden.
!.liTf/moi N,K«7 0 ‘ Ur V 81 * " 11 (i J ^' caU * Daue
Solution of Phoiileu No. 2322.
1. P to y 3rd, then S. Q to
PROBLEM No. 2326.
By J. Pierck, M.A.
An Intortst
III. A K K, i
Mr. Knidi
CHESS BY CORRESPONDENCE,
game }>ln> e 1 In Mr. F riw»r*« Ton me v, botween Mr. J. H.
H)»uhamjiion, ntul Mr. (f. VV. I.Knnox,' of Cardiff. Nolen by
u-niTK (Mr. B.) m, U K ( Mr. L.)
1. P t/> K 4th P to K Ith
2. KKt toll 3rd Q Kt in It 3rd
3. P to 0 P Hikes P
4. Kt takes P R to O B 4th
5. R to K 3rd 0 to R 3rd
6. P In 0 H 3rd K Kt lo K 2nd
7. Q to 0 2nd P to 0 U 3rd
Rl.ick may also Castle herewith jHirfect
safety.
8. P to K B 4th P to Q 3rd
9.0 to K B 2nd B to 0 2nd
10. Kt to R 2nd Castles ty R)
(Scotch It ambit.)
The
reply b
11. B to K 2nd
12. Kt to y 2nd
13. Kt take> B
14. P to B 6th
15. Castles <0 Kj
16. g R to K sq
One of eight nlmnlia)
rs far prefer
- Il.i.ut the
«• K Kt 4th
to K 4th
o 11 5th
i»! VVYheY'lt!' 1
21. Kt to 0 fdh (eh) H lilk. - Kt
22. 0 to K 4th 0 to H Hth tch)
23. y to Kt m| y take.- y tch>,
BLINDFOLD CHESS.
is games j.layed by Mr. BL\< Kia itNK at Trowbridge.
(Mr. Uliiekburnt)
1. P Di K Ith
2. 0 Kt to it 3rd
*. Kt takes P
*. II takes p
i. il m )i ith (<
1’ to y H 3rd
P takes P
1* to y 3rd
(Mr. Hluekhumc). (No. 7 Board).
12. y takes B
13. R to B 7th (eh) K to Kt 3rd
K Kt ith
HtU
P to K K 3rd
K takes Kt
B to K 2nd
K to Kl2nd
B takes P
ith
15. y to y 3rd (Oh) K to K ith
16. It to P. Mil Rtttkt
17. y takes 11 (ch) B to h
Di. B to It 7th <rh) K to U 5t)i
19. P to Kt 3rd teh) K m it ah
I 2o. y to B hj (eh j K takes P
21. y to B 2nd <eh) K to K 6th
1 22 . y to R 2nd.
I Mate.
In addition fo the linportnnr fort hcoming English work on the openings to
whieh we allude I some time ago, another treatise on the same subject la
announced by Mr. Stoinitz. Some novelties of treatment nw promised, tln>
chief «>f whieh is an explanation of the principles mi whieh each lmrtleular
analysis is ba>el. If the author's intentions are fully carried out, the b<H»k
will rank as tin- best of bs kind yet juibllshed. and we hope nothing will
prevent the existed eoniplcfion of the mantiseript by the end of the year.
A work from so eminent an e.\|>onent of the game as Mr. Stolnitz will create
ns much stir in chess circle* a» that caused by the lira apjiearancc of Mr.
Stsiiinton's " Hamlbook '' in ISIS.
The Windsor Chess Club, under the presidency of the Hon. and Rev.
Cation Courtenay, hn.« commenced its winter progranime. Meet tugs will lie
hold every Thursday at Layton's Rooms from three to twelve p.m.,and some
of the l.oudoii masters are exjHwUid to lx 1 prewnt occasionally.
A nmieh Ix-tween the Hampstead and Somerset Hoti*>c Chess Clulw,
jilayed on Oct. 22, resulted in the victory of the latter team by six games to
Mr. Gunsherg visited the East London Chess Club, Mile-End-road, on
Oct. 20, and gave an exhibition of simultaneous play In the Lecture Hall of
the People's Palace. Min ting 24 opponents, ho won 19, lost 2, and drew 3.
Messrs. H. Cudmore and W. H. Pul linger were his successful antagonists.
Mr. Alderman Whitehead, Lord Mayor-Elect, ha« been
presented to the Lord Chancellor, in accordance with custom,
and has received her Majesty’s approval of the choice of the
citizens.
THE DENISON GOLD-MINES, ALGOMA,
UPPER CANADA.
Our Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, who was sent to Aus¬
tralia from England “Across Two Oceans,” travelled by a
somewhat indirect and lingering route: after visiting the
West Indies, and making sketches of the Panama Canal works,
our Illustrations of which have been published, he proceeded
to New York, and thence to Montreal, with the purpose of
crossing the North American Continent by the Canadian
Pacific Railway. This purpose was accomplished, with par¬
ticular facilities allowed him for seeing and sketching the
most interesting places along that line, from Ottawa by Lake
Nipissing, and north of Lake Superior, to Manitoba, to the
North-West prairie-lands, to Calgarry and Banff, on the Row
River, thence over the Rocky Mountains and through the high¬
lands and forests of British Columbia, to the Pacific coast.
We shall present to oar readers an interesting series of Illus¬
trations of the main line ; but there is a branch line, running
120 miles in a south-west direction, from the Sudhurv Junction
by Spanish River to Algoma, at the head of Lake ITuron. by
which Mr. Prior went to see th.< new Canadian gold-fields,
situated in the township of Den.son, not more than twenty-
two miles along the Algoma line. The gold-mines there have
already become so famous that our Illustrations of this
subject may be worth giving apart from those of the main
ronte to the Great West ; and our Special Artist was enabled,
by the assistance of the consulting engineer, Mr. Charles
Dobson, to obtain precise information.
The “ Tough and Ranger ” gold - mine, henceforth to
be called “ The Vermilion,” which is expected to be one of the
richest anywhere, but which is certainly remunerative to its
fortunate owners, was discovered in the summer of 1SS7 by
Mr. Ranger, a French Canadian of much experience, furnished
with an outfit of necessary stores and appliances by Mr. Robert
Tough, and employed on the terms of sharing the proceeds of
any successful find he could make. Gold was found on a plot
of land which Mr. Tough purchased ; and the first portion of
the claim was sold to Mr. Duncan, now Vice-President of the
Vermilion Mine Company. Several American capitalists
at Chicago and New York joined in forming the company,
and operations were commencetL which have so far been very
successful. Our Special Artist, accompanied by Mr. Dobson,
after alighting from the railway freight-train which conveyed
them from Sudbury, had to walk three miles, in pouring rain,
through forest and swamp, along a path which was often so
deep in mire that they could only get on by walking on the
fallen trunks of trees. We give the remainder of the
description in Mr. Prior's own words:—
“The country all round, for miles and miles, has been
ravaged by fire ; and only the stumps ami sticks of spruce and
fir trees remain. The Vermilion Mining Company have put up
a few shanties and a house, and are now sinking shafts and
crushing the quartz, still on quite a small scale : but the whole
township of Denison, so rich in gold, will soon be full of
stamping and crushing mills ; and no doubt a town will spring
up in this wild and burnt forest wilderness. Everything is
very primitive at present; the shaft is about thirtv-two Feet
deep, and only two men can work at a time, filling a bucket,
which is then carried over to the crushing-machine, and for
washing. Extraordinary finds of gold are made; and verv
rich specimens of ore are constantly brought up. I chanced
to arrive just at such a time, and made a sketch of the experts
examining a fine piece of quartz.
“ So great is the excitement about this particular district
that people of all classes are flocking to the spot. Men who
have bought lot* in the township are to he seen and heard of
all over the place. I met a great banker, an alderman of
Toronto, and an independent gentleman, travelling with an
expert, to find out if their property had any gold npon
it; and I made a sketch of the party of prospectors starting
on? m i? 10 ! ^ an £ er Lode hut in search of the precious metal.
They had seven miles to walk through a burnt forest, with
impedimenta at every step ; and I only hope they will have
returned perfectly satisfied with their land purchase.”
THE MARQUIS OF LONDONDERRY AT SEAHAM
HARBOUR.
The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland paid a visit to Seaham Har¬
bour, on Oct. 27, to fulfil, with the Marchioness, some im-
portent duties. His Lordship has had erected a magnificent
new drill-hall for the 2nd Durham Artillery Volunteers, of
which he is the Colonel-Commandant, in succession to his
father. Preceded by the band, sixty strong, his Lordship led
the brigade to the \ icarage Field, where an iuqtvction took
place. They afterwards marched to the new Londonderry
Drill-hall, which Lady Londonderry declared open. The
Marquis of Londonderry, the Hon. Lieutenant-Colonel Lord
Herbert Vane-Tempest. Lady Helen Vane-Tempest, Colonel
Halkey, inspecting officer of the district, and a number of the
gentry of the neighbourhood were also present. Lady London¬
derry also presented the prizes won by the brigade in its regi¬
mental competition and at Shoeburyness and the Scottish camp.
The Marquis, addressing those present, said the opening of
the new hall marked an epoch in the history of the 2nd
Durham Artillery Volunteers. He need hardly say that the
reason for their deserting their old quarters was the increase,
belli rapid and marvellous, in the numbers of the regiment.
Ill 18(iu the number of men forming the 2nd Durham Artillery
Volunteers comprised four batteries and 204 men, who were at
tiie review held by her Majesty in Hyde Park. In 1880 the
strength of the regiment bad increased to 788 ; and in 1888 it
was 925. He was also glad to recognise their skill in repository
ill'll, and their soldierly and military bearing in the field. The
reports of the inspecting officers for many years had been
most satisfactory. This was, no doubt, due to the zeal
energy, and perseverance with which they had espoused the
cause of the Volunteer movement. They must also feel it was
their duty as a regiment to be progressive, and he trusted they
would in the future manifest the same zeal, energy, and per¬
severance in discharging their duties that they had hitherto
done. Major Warham having handed to his Lordship a silver
salver, and purse containing £65, subscribed by the officers and
men of the regiment, the Marquis of Londonderry presented
the silver salver and parse of gold to Adjutant-Major R. Hard-
castle on his retiring from service under the terms of the Act
of Parliament, he having been seventeen yearn Adjutant of the
regiment. His Lordship attributed much of the success of the
regiment to the ability and untiring zeal of Major Hardcastle.
Major Hardcastle briefly acknowledged the presentation.
An anonymous donor has forwarded £500 to the fund for
maintaining the cruising hospital-ships of the Mission to
Deep-Sea Fishermen.
Mr. John Walker, of Cheltenham, has given £5000 to
endow a canonr.v in Gloucester Cathedral, to be permanently
associated with the office of diocesan missioner, and to form a
memorial of the late Mr. Gambier Parry, of Higham, the
painter of Gloncester and Ely Cathedrals and Tewkesbury
Abbey.
I. View of tho Tough an t Ranger Min<
l Mining Proepectorw on their Journey
2. The tame Swamp, on th© Rood to the Ranger Mine. 3. Entrance to the Shaft, Tough and Ranger Mine.
5 . Stamping-Mill for Crushing the Gold-bearing Quartz. 6. Washing and Testing the “Tailings." 7 . Examining a Fine Nugget Just fonn
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hy r, r 'r\\\y \^
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kov. 3 , 1 883 THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS _£fi
MAPPIN & WEBB’S PRESENTS
NOV. 3, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
AUTUMN EXHIBITIONS.
The adjoining galleries of Mr. McLean and Messrs. Tooth,
which, in friendly rivalry, usually open on the same day, have
not this year, departed from the time-honoured custom. As
the'managers of both galleries are recognised adepts in cater¬
ing for the varying taste of the public, it is interesting to
stndy their points of contact and divergence. Both galleries
show a marked predominance of works by foreign artists. At
Messrs. Tooth’s, scarcely more than one third of the JoO
exhibited works bear the names of English painters ; whilst
at Mr McLean’s smaller exhibition the disproportion is still
greater It may be said that British artists have elsewhere
abundant opportunities of showing their work, and that they
are satisfied with the publicity thus obtained ; but it is worthy
of notice that the two dealers who are regarded as the most
experienced and astute in the trade should thus interpret
public feeling in art.
Mr McLean’s piers de resistance (ne always has one, at
least, in his bill-of-fare) is Mdllc. Rosa Bonhenr's latest work,
“ Pasturage in the Pyrenees ” (29), a mountain-top bright with
Alpine roses, on which stands a magnificent rough-haired bull,
surrounded by his somewhat numerous family of cows and
calves. In her rendering of animals Rosa Bonheur stands
almost alone amongst foreign artists, and it is enough to say
that in the present work she 3hows no signs of falling powers :
whilst in the distant landscape, fringed with snow-touched
mountains, she strikes a note of poetry which has too often
been absent from her powerful but somewhat prosaic inspira¬
tions. It is interesting to contrast Rosa Bonheur s work with
that of another past master in the craft, E. Van Marcke, whose
“Dutch Pasture Land" (17) is, in its treatment, as far re¬
moved from the French lady's as the Pyrenean mountains are
from the polders of Holland. If there be those who prefer
the realism of the latter, wo oan find no canse for quarrel, for
Van Marcke, in his own line, is as distinctive and praise¬
worthy ns Rosa Bonheur. Amongst the other foreign
pictures, Julius Znber's “ In Love ” (14) shows that the artist
can do something besides Egyptian cafes, and can throw
into Western life not a little of that mingled sentiment and
humour which distinguished his studies in the streetsof Cairo.
Senor Barhndo's “ First Communion ” (18) ought to be studied
in conjunction with Senor Gallegos’ “ Baptism,” in Messrs.
Tooth's exhibition ; for both are the results of Fortuny’s
teaching or example. In both we have the same crowd of
prelates, richlv dressed men and women, with clouds of muslin
floating in alfdireotions, and in both we have the same minate
study of details, the Bame carefully-finished backgrounds which
destroy all sense of repose. From each of these pictures, at
least three might be carved without violence to the whole; and
we venture to think that in each case the sections would give
a fairer idea of each artist's technical skill and sense of colour.
Herr Neubert’s “Approaching Storm” (33) and “A Fine
Evening ” (41) are very much like half-a-dozen other works
he has produced every year for some time past. Herr MaxTodt,
Herr Poetzelberger, and Mons. Clays are, as usual, distinguish¬
able by careful work without much imagination.
Amongst the English artists Mr. J. B. Bnrgess’s “ Imperti¬
nent Students of Salamanca" (15) is a happy return to a style
in which he earned his spurs many years ago; and although
he may not hope to catch, like John Philip, the richer tones of
Spanish colour, he has a keener sense of Spanish humonr,
which is not, even in these days, devoid of a certain stateliness.
The fault of this picture, in our eyes, is the undue importance
given to the brazier at which the girls are warming their feet.
It occupies the centre of a rather large canvas, and draws
away the eye from the laughing girls, the scandalised duenna,
and the enterprising young students who have forced their
wav into the house. In Mr. J. W. Godward, whose single
work at Burlington House last summer passed almost un¬
noticed, Mr. McLean has discovered an artist who has studied
Alma Tadema to some purpose. In “The Tiff" (22) and
in “Waiting for the Dance" (25) the painter's object
has been apparently to show, in the first place, his
delicate sense of colour—especially in the single figure
of the standing girl; and secondly, his marvellous dex¬
terity in reproducing Mr. Alma Tadema's rendering of
marble, leopard's skin, and bronze-work. In time, we hope,
Mr. Godward will trust a little more to his own imagination,
hud a little less to Mr. Tadema's ; bnt meanwhile he will, doubt¬
less, find considerable profit by bringing his work to this high
level of technical skill. Mr. Burton Barber is never at a loss
for a fresh combination of his chubby child and patient fox-
terrier. The present arrangement, “ Trying " (21), shows with
what more-than-hutnan sweetness the dog submits to be
dressed in Dolly’s clothes, and how thoroughly he seems to
enter into the child's game without losing sense of his own
dignity. He seems to wish to convey that he is qnite aware
that when he likes he can be a much better companion to the
child than her doll or her nurse, or even her elder sister. Mr.
Peter Graham's “Banks of a Scotch Loch” (11) is painted
with his usual dash ; but it is sad to find in L. B. Hurts
“ Cloudy Day in Glen Sligaohan" (39) a reproduction of so
many of Mr. Graham's mannerisms with less of his skill.
In Messrs. Tooth's galleries the honours may be said to be
more equally divided between our own and foreign artists—
Frank Hoil, L. Deutsch, and Dagnan-Bouveret. The now well-
known picture, “Besieged" (124), by the first-named, was
painted in the rare intervals of leisure he could snatch from
portrait-painting, and represents another episode in the Idyll
of Suffering." which he never lived to complete. The mother,
whose husband is perhaps a prisoner in Germany, or fighting
in the snow on the frontier, has just come bock to her two
children with a scanty scrap of food, and, sick with fear and
apprehension at the prospect for the morrow, seems aboft to
abandon as useless the struggle for life. M. Dagnan s
“ Pardon ’’ (56) is a fine bit of realistic work, representing one
of those quaint Breton customs, where men and women, old and
young, make the circuit of the church or cloisters, sometimes
on their knees imploring in a low melancholy dirge pardon
for the faults of their seemingly uncheqnered lives. Herr
Dentsch’s “La Jeune Favorite" (90) is chiefly noteworthy
for its Bubducd colour, and for tho powerful painting of
the four eunuchs in white dresses, who salute the new
favourite as she enters the private apartments of lier lord.
The attendant, in yellow silk, who guards the doorway is also
a clever bit of painting ; whilst the almost childlike figure of
the girl is not without a certain pathetic interest. Mr. L.
Raven Hill is. if we mistake not, like Mr. Ridgvvay Knight, ail
American by birth and a French artist by education. Both of
them are seen here to advantage, the former in “A Littlo
Gipsy” (30), a child surrounded by fallen leaves, and the
latter in his Salon work “Left in Charge’’ (118), a bit of
Seine scenery soft and delicate in colour, though showing,
perhaps, too much imitative work to attract sufficient notice
from the Parisian public. M. Leon Lhermitte in “ La Yeillcc "
(129) shows a more joyous side of Breton life, and de¬
picts the custom of many a village where the women, to
save fire and light, assemble in one another's cottages
to pass tho long winter's evenings—spinning and winding
their wool in merry companionship. Here, as at Mr. McLean’s,
are to be found specimens of Mr. Burton Barber's work
“ Mischief" (12), and of Mr. Godward’s “Ianthe” (23), show¬
ing how both dealers recognise the current of popular taste.
Of Senor Gallegos’ “ Baptism " (74) we have already spoken ;
but we may add that, in addition to many other points in
common with Senor Barbudo's work, it would seem as if, in
many cases, the same models had sat to both artists. In strong
contrast with all this foreign work or work modified by foreign
influence, are two pictures, “ Sympathy ” (64) and “ Little Lord
Fanntleroy " (122), by Mr. G. B. O’Neill, which seem to carry
ns back forty years in English art. Simple and direct in
intention and treatment, they belong to a school of which we
regret to see the almost total disappearance, even whilst
admitting the progress our painters have made, and the good
they have learned from their neighbours on all sides. Among
the remaining works, which will repay an extra amount of
attention, are Eugdne De Blaas' “ C’est lui ” (1); Mr. David
Farquharson's “Glen Muick” (4) and “Lochnagar " (104), a
very remarkable bit of landscape; M. Julien Dupre H “Hay¬
time ” (44) ; Charles Meissonier's “ Improvisatore" (95), in
reality a man with a hurdy-gurdy ; Mr. John Philip's “ New
Ballad” (117), painted in 1883 ; and several typical works by
Mauve, Artz, Israels, amongst the foreigners ; and by Messrs.
Leader, T. Collier, and Heywood Hardy amongst our own
fellow-countrymen. _
DUAL NOVEMBER.
November has a twin aspect of which each phase is utterly
unlike. Hence comes the complete dissimilarity, not to bo
found of any other month in the year, which exists between
the portraiture of November by the urban and rural pen
respectively. In description, a London November is usually
found as a clear proof of the conventional Frenchman's sup¬
posed idea of the month as one promoting general suicide from
Waterloo Bridge. And it must be confessed that even the
most determined lover of the sweet shady side of Pall-mall,
who contemns all rural dwellers as
Crawling from window to window to sec
A goose on a common, a crow on a tree,
finds his admiration of town much strained when subjected
to the test of this particular month. The too common experience
of fog, thick, nauseous, and gloomy, which insinuates itself
everywhere in combination with slushy, greasy, gloomy streets,
which even when the early lamps are lighted merely gains a
twinkle of light here and there through the mephitic vapour
wreaths of “ London particular,” the rasping air and biting wind,
the general chilliness, dampness, darkness, and ill-temper ;
the constant performances among all one's friends and
acquaintances on “ the light catarrh ” ; the short dayB and
long nights, when the enterprising burglar once more demon¬
strates how admirable is our system of allowing the night
police to announce their progress half a mile off by the regu¬
lation boots : the whole aspect of London under a vast canopy
of foul-smelling fog, which fills the most carefully warmed
room in a most insinuating but effective manner—all these
things make a picture of the month which too frequently
proves the correctness of Hood's famous lines on November.
And as snch is the experience of the town writer, what wonder
that in the list of months this one has achieved a reputation
of the gloomiest ? Can anything be found attractive in its
name ? may well be asked. Yet, on the same day and within
half an hour, you shall see the dual aspect in brilliant con¬
trast—the self-same day, which lours so grimly and depress-
ingly over London, shall, within a few miles out of the
metropolitan boundaries, be a picture which is full of charms.
Take the train, and run a few miles in whichever direction
you will out of town limits—start from the farthest suburb
to the edge of the nearest really rural district—why it is like the
pantomime transformation from the Cave of Dullness to the
Realm of Sunshine! Behind lies London, as you gaze, a
blurred, huge mass seen through a grimiest robe of foul black
or yellow vapour, with fantastic images here and there, mag¬
nified through the fog. You are but a few miles out, yet
round you is the other aspect of the month — the rural
November. Bare and leafless, indeed, are the trees ; but behind
them is a background of azure sky, and through their inter¬
lacing tracery of boughs the winter sun gleams on every twig.
“The v air bites shrewdly,” it is true; but the clammy
rawness of the mephitic fog you have left behind; the
keenness is bracing, and the blood circulates anew under it.
Look round, and confess that the most inveterate prejudices
which have been fostered by town-limners of the month must
melt before the scene. Glance at the cottages where some
.hardy flowers still brave the winter, and notice how rich and
beautiful in tint, from bright to dark green and deep crimson,
is the Virginia creeper, which so generally clusters round the
wall, and enwreathes door and window. Is there woodland near i
It is likely the woodman’s axe is heard ; for the felling of timber,
copse, and underwood, is part of the work of the time. In the bare
brown fields where the wild November partridges, splendid in
condition, where you can get a shot, whirr up a hundred yards
before the gun, the clink of the plough-horses’ harness is
heard, and the hovering cloud of rooks, with, perhaps, a bevy
of sea-gulls from the nearest coast mingling with them,
attests the progress of the plough. In the turnip-fields, kept
for the purpose, the sheep penned in are feeding, and the cattle
stand in the straw-yards lazily munching from the troughs.
Cold though the sweeping winds that scatter the carpet of
leaves lying thick in the copses and ditches, the sun is gleam¬
ing, the air is clear, and all the sights and sounds of active,
rural life are in full evidence around, while -the workers feel
none of the sickly depression which characterises those of
‘London who are breathing, coughing, and sneezing fog in
every direction. In some places, where apples and pears
abound, the pider-press is at work on the inclosed green in
front of the farm-house; while, where the root-crops arc
ample and valuable—and stock-raising rice wheat-raising
makes them annually more so — the harvesting of swedes
and mangolds is busily going on. Be the air keen — “a
nipping and an eager air”—yet all is blithe activity. Yet
you are only a few miles out of London, which this self¬
same morning is groaning gloomily against murky November.
Nor is it only in farm-life that the maligned month has its
charms. The shooter ranges the fields pretty sure, if birds are
scarce and wild, to have a chance of finding a woodcock, and
certainly snipe ; while if pools or streams lie in his way it is
even betting that some scattered individuals of the duck race
will rise with heart-stirring quack and flapping of wings to
dart swift as an arrow upwind, presenting as thrilling a target
for the chokebore as can well be wished. Of horse and hound
we say nothing, for who knows not the exciting glimpse in the
course of a brisk November walk of pink as the field stream
away in the distance, and the maddening music of the pack as
they flash across the fallows, the woodlands echoing their cry !
To the honest angler, who thinks Izaak Walton greatest of
English men, the month has its own particular charm, for it
is the special feeding time of the pike—“the tyrant of the
watery main ”—who finds his appetite keen in proportion to
the air, and trolling or spinning, despite wet lines and freezing
fingers, is at its best in this month. Wild as is the aspect of the
month, with winds roaring many a time and oft through the
woods, while leaves fly in clouds and twigs fall in crowds—
was not the greatest storm ever known in England that
tremendous one of Nov. 27, 1703, when in Kent alone 250,000
trees were blown down ?—wild, we say, as sometimes the
aspects of the month, the wayfarer who has eyes, and uses
them, often sees sights not seen in tamer times. High aloft,
for instance, if you be near the sea, may you now and again
hear the echoing “ hank, hank ! ”—wild trumpet-cry of the
wild geese —and see that curious wedge-formation of theirs as
they cleave the air with their strong pinions. Far oftencr
will you behold the Indian file of the wild ducks going at
express speed, or, turning by some field, start a huge bevy of
fieldfares or a vast cloud of starlings, which wheel and turn
like an animated sheet of glossy feathers. In the woodlands
you shall see the stock-dove, far rarer and less known than
the ordinary wood-pigeon, which arrives this month from more
northern regions, being one of the latest birds, of passage.
And in the fields, if haply you be not above stndying the
ground beneath your feet, you shall see one of the most
curious of sights if investigation of a specimen be made—a
mole’s nest. The moles this month make the nests in which
they intend to pass the winter and in the spring to deposit
their young ; they are of larger size than the ordinary mole¬
hill, and lined with grass and leaves. But this is only one of
the interesting things which make the li harvest of a quiet eye,”
and prove how much there is to charm in the rural phase of
the aspect of November. F. G. W.
Earl Dudley (with the Countess, his mother) paid a visit
to "Worcester cn Oct. 29 to receive an address from the Mayor
and Corporation of that city on the attainment of his majority.
The occasion was made a public holiday, the bells of the prin¬
cipal churches were rung, and flags floated in the chief streets.
SCENES AND INCIDENTS ON BOARD A CDNARDER
FROM LIVERPOOL TO NEW YORK.
Of nil tho great Atlantic steam-ship Hues the Canard still stands without a rival in popularity. Its steamers arc not
only the fastest, but excel all in comfort and general attendance. Life on board one of those floating palnees Is not,
as some mny suppose, one of dull routine, but full of Incidents; acquaintances are quickly made, friendships are
established of which many Interesting talcs are told iu after years. A late United States Consul at one of tho
English ports relates the following :—** On my last voyage from England, on one of the C’unard steamers, I noticed one
morning, after a few days out of port, a young man hobbling about on the upper deck, supported by crutches, and
seeming to move with extreme difficulty and no little pain. He was well-dressed, and of exceedingly*handsome
countenance ; but his limbs were emaciated and his face sallow, which bore traces of long suffering. As he seemed
to have no attendant or companion, ho at once attracted my sympathies, and I went up to him as ho leaned against
the baffrall looking out on tho forming track which tho steamer was making. • Excuse me, my young friend,' I said,
touching him gently on the shonidor, * you appear to be hardly able or strong enough to trust yourself unattended
on an ocean voyage; but If you require any assistance I shall be glad to help you.' * You are very kind,' he replied,
in a weak voice, ‘but I require no present aid beyond my crutches, which enable me to pass from my state-room up
here to get the benefit of the sunshine an 1 the sea breeze.' 'You have been a great sufferer, no doubt,' 1 said; ‘and
1 Judge that you have been afflicted with rheumatism, whose prevalence and Intensity seem to be on an alarming
Increase both In England and America ?' * You are right,' he answered : ‘ I have been its victim for two years, ai
after fading to tin 1 relief from nn licit skill, have lately tried tho springs of Carlsbad and Vichy: but they huvo
dooo me no good, and 1 am now on my return home to Missouri to die. I suppose. I shall be content
If life is s]tan* l me to reach my mother's presence. She is a widow, and 1 am her only child.' There
was a pathos In this speech whlc'i aff *r. id mi profoundly, and awakened In me a deeper sympathy than 1 had felt,
before 1 had no words to answer him, aud stood silently beside him, watching the snowy wake of tho ship. While
thus standing, my thoughts reverted to a child—a ton-year old boy—of a neighbour of mine, residing near
my Consulato residence, who had been cured of a stubborn case of rheumatism by the use of St. Jacobs Oil, and I
remembered the steward of tho ship had told me tho day before that he had cured himself of a very severe attack of the
gout in New York, Just before his last voyage, by the use of the remedy. I at once left my young friend and went
below to And the steward. I not only found him off duty, but discovered that he had a bottle of the Oil in hi*
locker, which ho had carried across the ocean in case of another attack. He readily parted with It on my repre¬
sentation, and, hurrying up again, I soon persuaded the young man to allow me to take him to his berth and apply
the remedy. After doing so, I covered him up snugly in bed, and requested him not to get up nntil I should sec
him again. That evening r returned to his state-room and found him sleeping peacefully and breathing gently. I
roused him, and inquired how he felt. * Llko a new man,' he answered, with a grateful smile. * 1 feel no pain, and
am able to stretch my limbs without difficulty. I think 111 get up.’ 1 No, don’t get up to-night,' I said; ‘but let
me rub you again with the Oil, and In the morntng*you will be much better able to go above.' I then applied the
Oil, again rubbing his knees, ankles, and arms thoroughly, until he said he felt as If he had a mustanl-poultioe all
over his body. I then left him? The next morning, when I went up on deck, I found my patient waiting for me
with a smiling face, and without his crutches. I don't think I ever felt so happy in my life. To make a long story
short, I attomlcd him closely during the rest of our voyage—fomo four days—applying the Oil every night, and
guarding him against too ranch exposure to the fresh and damp spring breezes; and on landing at New York he
was able, without assistance, to mount the hotel onralbns and go to the Astor House. I called on him two days later,
and found him actually engaged in packlug hfs trunk, preparatory to starting for his home that evening. With a
grateful smile he welcomed me, and pointing to n box carefully done up in thick brown paper, he said ' That is a
dozen bottles of St Jacobs Oil, which I have Just purchased from Hndnut, the chemist across the way, and I am
taking them home to show my good mother what has saved her son’s life and restored him to her In health. If you
should ever visit Sedalln. in Missouri, I will show you a bottle of St. Jacobs Oil enshrined in a silver and gold
casket, which we shall keep as an ornament, ns well as a memento of our mooting on the Cunnrd steamer.’ We
parted,after an hour's pleasant cbnt, with mutual goodwill and esteem, aud a few weeks afterwards 1 received a
letter from him telling me he was’ iu perfect health, and containing many graceful expressions of his affectionate
regards,"
NOV. 3. 1831
the ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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536
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 3, 1888
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
The little season of London is beginning-that season which
runs from about November to Easter, preceding the full season,
between May and July. The parties of that winter dcmt-iattOH
, ,, interesting than those more formal ones which
X usier tiTe 'They are less crowded, and the people
““ ‘ re there are more certain to know cacb other because
TJEFtb not’-g^l'fom^rgive 0
sidered sufficient. The days when the daughters of the house
i -j *ha!r “ 1-iippcs ” and their vouncf lady friends, after much
5Sr obia«y; when Stokes, though dull
and unfmportant, was askeil to endless partiM because he sang
a comic song, and Jenkins because he °" e “
and Browning—those days are over. Now, it may be little
entertainment^that is given to supplement the conversation ;
but what is provided must be good, and that usually means
professional.^ The problem for all hostesses is, therefore how
to get something fresh and something « n P“f« :
poor or the mean ones amongst them, how to get that some
thin«r cheaply. The professional musicians and readers
frequently find it hard to avoid being almost forced to give
their really valuable services for naught misociety ,,<nA some
of the richest people are the most stingy in this matter.
1 Mr. GeorgeGrossmith tells how he once met such an
attempt on him from a very great lady. He was invited to
dinner, and it was intimated by the gentleman bringing the
invitation that he would be expected
which the artist mentioned his fee. “ Oh Lady Dash thought
if yon came to dinner yon would not think of asking a fee
said the emissary. Mr. Grossmith replied that he could not
possibly eat and 7 drink more than half-a-guineaB worth, and
that his fee was much more ; bnt if the lady liked, that charge
for his dinner might be deducted 1 Improving on this, on
eminent pianist. who had dined out one evening last season,
™s met after dinner at the drawing-room door by his hostess,
7h0 said, graciously bnt firmly, pointing to the music-stool:
"No“yiur place is there The outraged German cae.tro
forthwith fumbled a sovereign out of h ! 8 ®" d
declared, “I vill pay for mine dinner. The lady, of coarse,
refusing to take the coin-though in principle she had de¬
manded* it_he trundled off down-stairs, seized his hat, and
departed, handing the piece of gold, as he left, to the footmau
who opened the street-door. An eminent ladysinger of my
acquaintance has elevated her meek aiid ebedurn‘ "i*
the position of a dragon to guard her from such imposition.
When her hostess says sweetly, ‘-Oh ! Madame So-and-So^will
vou oblige us with just one of your beautiful songs ^ the
prima-donna replies, “ I should lore to-I love singing in a
Srawing-room; but Mr. Smith would be so angry, he positively
will not let me use my voice on my free nights . Many
good-natured professional artists still “oblige under such
circumstances; but when the host is a neh man, it is really
discreditable for him to allow such a tax to be levied on a
gnest in return for his meat and drink.
A vonng lady whose semi-religions novels have been
Very successful in certain oircles, has had to issue a
protest against the assumption of her pen-name by some
impostor, who has been doing all manner of tricks under
the designation of “Edna Lyall." It may be <»“e con¬
solation to the young writer to reflect that m™ Harriet
this annoyance she is in first-rate company. When Harriet
Martineau was at the height of her fame;? dn i nk f t“
used to give that name for hers when called on in the police-
court to answer for her disorderliness. George Eliots earlier
books were claimed by one Liggins, a Methodist parson , and
an innocent country friend wrote, in all seriousness, to the
real author about the characteristics of the sham one A
deputation of Dissenting ministers went over to ask him to
write for the Eclectic, and they found him washing his slop-
basin at the pump. ... One of tnem said that he inspired
them with a reverence that made any impertinent question
impossible. He calls himself ‘ George Eliot It is strange to
hear the Wcttmiiutcr Review doubting whether he is a woman
when here he is so well known ! ” A similar experience befell
the Bronte sisters, who had to divest themselves of their
psendonymity as “ The Brothers Bell ” because a certain person
stated that they were one, and that that one was a man. As to the
impudent claims of impostors to have written poems which
they hove only copied out, the instances of that sort of trick
are “The m Llfe and Letters of Mrs. Shelley,” the wife of the
famous poet, is a forthcoming work that promises to be
of great interest Shelley’s wife was the daughter of
Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft. She was herself as
clever and uncommon a woman as such a parentage should
have made her. “ Frankenstein,” her singular novel, has
passed into a classical place in English literature. Her
first connection with Shelley was not free from blame ; bnt
daring her long life as his widow she held an unblemished
position, and her son. Sir Percy Shelley, who has authorised
and aided the writing of the “ Life,” feels with all justice that
by telling the truth about her he is rendering homage to the
memory of a mother to whom he was devoted.
An effort is being made to induce some well-known ladies
to stand for election to the London County Council. The
effort seems to me futile, as It appears clear that women are
excluded from seats in that body by the Act of Parliament,
though female householders are entitled to vote at the
elections. When the measure was passing through the Honse
of Commons an appeal was made to me to raise the question
of the eligibility of women for membership of the Councils,
and I declined to trouble about it on the ground that women
are evidently not ready yet for taking up such offices. The
membership of the London School Board, which is open to
women, is peculiarly a duty which many of them ought to
undertake, for the sake of the girls in the schools and the
female teachers. Yet. amongst all the women of means and
leisure in London, scarcely any are found willing to pnt their
hands to this work. The nominations for the next election
mnst be made by Nov. 2, and I hear of only some half-dozen
ladies as possible candidates for the whole of the Metropolis.
In the sense of having any chance of election, indeed,
perhaps even some of those who are named are impossible.
The electors will not return persons who hold the most im¬
practicable and mischievons Socialistic views, or persons who
do not appear to have any qualification of ability or educa¬
tional experience, merely because those persons are women ;
nor ought they to do so. It is not to the advantage of the
girls or the female teachers, or of education generally, to have
either a foolish or an unconscientions woman made a member
of the School Board. But there are very many ladies who
hove proved their suitability for the work, whether by their
experience on local management committees for the schools,
by general philanthropic or public services, or by their
writings or other intellectual records. While womanhood
should not be counted as alone a sufficient qualification to
satisfy the electors, it should at least be considered as a great
additional recommendation for one representative in each
division, if a lady candidate otherwise suitable can be found.
There are many such ladies ; but it is difficult io induce them
to undergo the trouble and to meet the considerable cost of a
public election. The money is, indeed, a great obstacle in
many eases. Mr. E. N. Bnxton told the House of Commons
Committee on Cumulative Toting that each of his School
Board elections had cost him £700. This was extravagance,
though ; for my three elections to the London School Board cost
only between one hundred nnd one hundred and fifty pounds
each ; but this amount, I think, muBt be counted as the
minimum cost of “ running to win.” Printing and advertis¬
ing to address 60,000 or more electors will absorb nearly all
that money, services as canvassers and secretaries and the
use of many school-rooms and halls being freely given by
supporters and friends to a popular candidate.
Florence Fenwick-Milleb.
Mr. Parnell’s action, in the Scottish Court of Session against
the Times , came before Lord Kinnear on Oct. 27, when the
question of jurisdiction was discussed, and after considerable
argument the matter was sent to the procedure roll.
The annual summary of British contributions to foreign
mission work, just completed by Canon Scott Robertson, shows
that for the financial year of 1837 the sum voluntarily given
thereto in the British Isles was £1,228,759. Of this total, the
sum of £461,236 was given through Church of England
societies ; £187,043 through joint societies of Churchmen and
Nonconformists ; £367,115 through Nonconformist societies in
England and Wales ; £202,940 through Scotch and Irish
Presbyterian societies ; and £ 10,420 through Homan Catholic
societies.
The Printers’ Almshouses at Wood-green were the scene of
an interesting gathering on Oet. 27, the occasion being their
inspection by the Lord Mayor, Mr. Alderman and Sheriff Gray,
and Mr. Sheriff Newton. The visitors were conducted round
the buildings, with the appearance nnd general arrangements
of which much satisfaction was expressed. A complete tonr
having been made, the party adjourned to the board-room,
where a meeting was held, the business consisting of a
proposition to raiBe the sum of £5000 for the purpose of
erecting and endowing on the ground now vacant another set
of buildings sufficient to accommodate four more families of
pensioners. The proposal met with general approval, and it
was resolved that a petition be presented to the Corporation of
London on the subject. The Lord Mai or, on behalf of himself
and Sheriffs, promised to contribute to the object 100 guineas.
Other sums were announced during the afternoon, including
one of £1000 from an anonymous friend of the local visitor,
Mr. W. H. Collingridge.—The Lord Mayor and Sheriffs also
inspected the Fishmongers' and Poulterers’ Asylum, which
are adjacent.
ears’
I have found if
matchless for the
hands and complexion
_ 'N&zzt,
Good Complexion!
and Nice Hands!
N OTHING adds so much to personal attractions as a bright, clear
complexion, and a soft skin. Without them the handsomest and
most regular features are but coldly impressive, whilst with them the
plainest become attractive; and yet there is no advantage so easily secured.
|The regular use of a properly prepared Soap is one of the chief means; but
the Public have not the requisite knowledge of the manufacture of Soap to
guide them to a proper selection, so a pretty box, a pretty colour, or an
agreeable perfume too frequently outweighs the more important consideration,
viz. : the Composition of the Soap itself, and thus many a good complexion
is spoiled which would be enhanced by proper care.
for preserving the Complexion, keeping the skin soft, free from
redness and roughness, and the hands in nice condition, it is the
finest Soap in the world.
J&t/hr&A
A most Eminent Authority on the Skin ,
Professor Sir Erasmus UJilson, RR.$.,
Writes in the Journal of Cutaneous Medicine
‘rpHE use of a good Soap Is certainly calculated to preserve the Skin In
“health, to maintain its complexion and tone, and prevent its falling
“ into wrinkles. PEARS is a name engraven on the memory of the
“ oldest inhabitant; and PEARS' Transparent SOAP is an article of the
“ nicest and most careful manufacture, and one of the most refreshing
“ and agreeable of balms for the Skin."_
IrpO persons whose skin is delicate or sensitive to changes in the weather
winter or summer, PEARS’ TRANSPARENT SOAP is invaluable,]
' as, on account of its emollient, non-irritant character, Redness, Roughness
and Chapping are prevented\ and a dear appearance and soft velvety condition
maintained, and a good, healthful and attractive complexion ensured. Its agree¬
able and lasting perfume, beautiful appearance, and soothing properties,
commend it as the greatest luxury and most elegant adjunct to the toilet
Testimonial from
IDadame Adelina Patti.
’J HA VC found PEARS' SOAP matchless for the Hands and Complexion.”
PEARS' f tablets & BALLS: j PEARS’
Transparent^ Is - each - Lar e er sizes, is. 6d. and 2 s. 6d. f Transparent
nAip I <[The 2s. 6d. Tablet is perfumed with Otto of Roses!) ( CftlP
UUAl ■ * l A smaller Tablet (unscented'l is sold at 6d. J UvAl •
NOV. 3, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
537
NE W MU SIC.
M BTZLER’S NEW THEMATIC
CATALOG IT E.
NEW SONUS.
NEW DUETS.
NEW PIANOFORTE COMPOSITIONS.
NEW VIOLIN AND PIANO MUSIC.
NEW DANCE MUSIC.
This Catalogue (72 page?) gives a clear description of each
c imposition, with the commas, diameter, an«l a portion of
the word* and melodies. I mending purchasers can, therefore,
form a correct opinion of what will suit them.
Scot gratis and post-free.
T AWRENCE KELLIE S SONG ALBUM,
JU Containing TEN NEW SONGS. 4s.net.
T AWRENCE KELLIE’S NEW SONG.
U “.YOU ASK ME WHY I LOVE." 2». net.
Sung with great success by Mr. C. Hayden Coffin.
ARTHUR CECIL’S NEW SONG.
A “THREE DAYS OP LOVE.”
Words by Clement 8eott.
JOSEPH BARNBY’S NEW SONG.
O “THE LIFTED VEIL”
Words by P. K. Weatherly.
\TEW CHILDREN’S BOOK OF SONGS.
XI “ PLEASE SING ME A SONG."
Words by Mary Ctiater and Ellis Walton.
Music by li. B. ADDISON.
M ]
No. i contains :-’
A SONG OP SPA !>.. ..
THE WILLOW SONG .. .. Artlmrr
THE VlCAlt'S DAUGHTER .. firo Pm
A DREAM OP HEAVEN .. .. Henry S
SUNSHINE PAIR
ROSE SOFTLY BLOOMING
A SHADOW ONLY --
SWEET DREAMI.A
BANISH SORROW.F. Clay.
COMPLETE-PRICE ONE SHILLING,
No 3 contain* Eight Song*.
No. 3 contain* Eight Piano Composition*.
No. 4 contains Violin and Piano Music.
7V/T ASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
ILL THE or KEN'S MODEL.
Bupplicd to her Majesty the Queen.
IVJASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
XtJL The celebrated LISZT MODEL.
Supplied to II.LM. the Kmpre*.* Eugenio.
Tho Portable Organ for Mission Work.
TI/fASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
1*A The THREK-MANUAL ORGAN.
Now Model Style, skt"' for Suiid’*)? Schools.
Ttf ASON and HAMLIN American Organs.
■ILL Prices Xu to X-fio. Literal discount for cash.
ASON and HAMLIN PIANOS,
ill new principle.
COTTAGE PIANOS. GRAND PIANOS.
New Illustrated Catalogue sent gratis and uo*r-fi
pONISCH PIANOFORTES.
AY The New Upriliht Model. Tlie New
The New Upright Gran
METZLER'S ORGANO-PIANO.
1"L Intending Purrha«er? of Pianoforte* should hear the
Boudoir Grand.
NEW MUSIC,
and CO.’S NE
Be. , tm so.
GTEPHEN ADAMS.—MONA.
^ 8ung t>y Mr. Edward Lloyd at the Promenade Concerts
with immense success.
]yjARZIALS.—NEVER LAUGH AT LOVE.
aTARZIALS.—BY THE SHINING RIVER.
Sung by Madame Antoinette Sterling.
XJ OPE TEMPLE.—IN SWEET SEPTEMBER.
A-L Sung by Madame Clara Samuel I, Mr. Henry' Guy,
Mr. Orlando Hurley, Ac.
T3EHREND.—THE OLD WHERRY.
„ 8"n» It Madame Valierla.
L° HR --
F. N._MARGARITA.’
--“ Mr. Kdward Idojd,
., 3U0, Regent-atrcet.
J^OOSEY and CO.’S POPULAR SONGS.
JJOPE TEMPLE.—AN OLD GARDEN.
JJOPE TEMPLE.—MY LADY’S BOWER.
JJOPE TEMPLE—A MOTHER’S LOVE.
GTEPHEN ADAMS.-THEY ALL LOVE
JACK.
GTEPHEN ADAMS.-THE STAR OF
BETHLEHEM.
gTEPHEN ADAMS. — THE GOODWIN
jyjARZIALS.—THE RIVER OF YEARS.
"IVY OLLOY.—LOVE'S OLD SWEET SONG.
*^ ch net -Boohky and Co., a> 6, Regent-street.
NEW NUMBERS OP
T^HE CHORALIST. Price Id. each.
Tw.'. E ,,ur : p » rt s " n ?* J - **»■»**•
Two Specimen Number? i»o?r-frce for one stamp.
_ Boohey and Co., at'.. Regent-street.
VIOLIN GEMS.
▼ Classical and Popular Violin and Piano Music.
» ol. I. contains II piece* . Four Movements from Beethoven**
ho timas and Ins celebrate.I Romance in F: Rondo from
I>n**ck * Sonata: Andante and Cnii/ntietia from Quartet,
'*• Mendelssohn; Cavatina by llaff : Largo by flatidel ;
hanson du Berccau, Hauser. Price 2*. 61. not, full music
Boosey and Co.. 295, Regent-street.
ted. Full Desc
yiOLIN GEMS.
▼ Vol. II. contains 13 piece*: Bohemian Girl Fantasia,
Papini; t hree Marches by Mendelssohn. Gluck, and Si«>hr;
Minuet, B..eeherim : Melodv. Rubinstein : La Berceuse
'THOMAaS OETZMANN and CO.’S ANNUAL
Tond.m’Mea m j ir " | **d fr.*m Hire at the end of the
and Knrd. very cheap. Illustrated t'*aralogue.« I post-free. * ’
THOMAS OETZMANN ami CO., ”7, IL.kci-st reel. London. W.
NEW MUSIC.
Ask your Musicseller for
MORLEY and CO.’S NEW SONGS
Worth
Singiug.
NOT. Maude Valerie White's
Last and finest Song.
“ A brilliant success.”
r rHE RIPPLE OF THE RIVER. F. Moir’s
-1- Last and prertiost Hong
(Com 1 xiser of “Best of All"*.
w.
A SK
WARD, LOCK, and CO.’S NEW SERIAL
» T PUBLICATIONS.
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ENGLAND’S BATTLES BY SEA AND
J-i LAND.
(Comjioser of “ Ket
'J'HE
A RIBBON AND A FLOWER. Bamby’s
Last and most beautiful Song.
Key* for all voices. . 2*. each. Lists free.
TJELLE ETOILE VALSE.
“ The prettiest valse ever written.”
TJELLE ETOILE VALSE. By Bonheur.
-U Played by all the finest Bands
with the greatest enthusiasm. 2s.
r A POMPADOUR. (A Court Dance.)
A* By BOGGETTL
! SSfWtJy® of \ lie stately minuet.
is of the a
in.” is. fid.
NEW SERIES OP ONE SHILLING BOOKS.
JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS.
Contain the (test and prettiest songs.
13 Books, now ready.
JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS. Is. each.
B*...k I. contains new song* by ciro Pinsuti.
Full music size. Post-free 13 stamps each.
List of Cun tents free.
The Publishers have great pleasure in announcing a Re-
Issue. in a cheap and attractive form, of the valuable work,
“ENGLAND'S BATTLES BY SEA AND LAND,” which will
1»e found replete with information alwut tho notable events
of the campaigns by which the British power has been built
up, conveyed in an interesting, full, and intelligible style.
With Part I. will lie PRESENTED GRATIS a
PRESENTATION PLATE, representing
“THE DECISIVE CHARGE OP THE LIFE-GU ARDS
AT WATERLOO,”
Prom the celebrated Picture by LukeClennel.
Specimen Copy of Part J., with Plate, post-free, 7d.
RB-ISSUE IN SIXPENNY MONTHLY PARTS.
l*art 1. now ready. (Complete in I« Parts.)
Cl OD’S GLORIOUS CREATION ; or, Tho
VJ Wonder* of Land, Sea, and Sky. Translated from the
German by J. MINSKULL.
BEAUTIFULLY ILLUSTRATED WITH ORIGINAL
HIGH-CLASS ENGRAVINGS.
The publisher* feel, in announcing a new and cheap issue of
'*GOD’S GLORIOUS CREATION,” giving an account of the
wonder* of the Earth, Sea, and Sky, that it is scarcely neres-
aary to commend the work to a large section of the public.
Suffice it to say that whatever quarter of the globe the reader
may seek information aliout as to it* surface, its seas, its ritei*,
its animals, its plnnts, us climate, he will find it iu this wot k.
Specimen Copy, post-free. 7d.
MORLEY and CO., 127, Regen t-st., W. ' B
^ IN SIXPENNY MONTHLY PARTS.
Part I. now ready. (To be completed in about 10 Parts),
IPHE LAND OF THE BIBLE : Its Holy
Sites and Sacred Story.
PROPUSELY ILLUSTRATED WITH MAPS AND WOOD
ENGRAVINGS.
This well-known work is woven into a Connected Narrative
of Bible Events, with EXPLANATORY DKSCRIITIo: '
. of the U .
] with the Jews,
t Kin]i
of il
L YCEUM THEATRE—Sole Lessee,
Mr. HKNItY HIVING.
Mf- H 1 C II A II II MANSFIELD.
EIEHT EVENING nt FRINGE KARL. Mr. Richard 1
cb * n “ , * r - r™** l
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ruction, will find this
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NEW WORK ON MODERN NURSING.
Just ready, crown gvo, wrapper, is. ; cloth, 2i.,
NURSES AND THE WORK THEY
HAVE TO DO. By H. C. O'NEILL and EDITH A.
The Subjects treated include Our Nurses, and tho Work
they have to I)o ; The Ideal Nurse; Niirsi"- «■« - »•«*• »-• •
Amateur Nursing; The Patient and what i»
o™
: Symptoms', and how
observe them ; Method
A IX
Ot
LES-BAINS.—Grand Hotel Europe. !
One of the most renowned and liest conducted in Europe. 1
Patronised by Royal Family. 300 sunny chambers. Refined ^ TT a mm A , T Tr ,_
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he i/anks of theRbiuc-Theatre,Concerts,
2 vols., demy 8vo,24«.; and at every Library,
PLAYERS AND PLAYWRIGHTS I HAVE
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Cheap Edition, crown fivo, cloth, as. 6d.. with a new Preface,
TJERR PAULUS : His Rise. His Grentnew,
1 A and His Fall. By WALTEIi BE8ANT, Author of ” All
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ONDAY POPULAR CONCERTS. ST.
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Sirau*. ami Pi.itti. Vocalist, Mi.** Liza Lehmann. Areniii-
panisr. Mr. Kme*t Ford. C niuiirnee at Stall*, 7*. »«1. ;
iLaleony. 3*.: Aflmi**iou, is. SiUscript ion to Stall?, Xi3*. for
UATURDAY POPULAR CONCERTS. ST.
O .1 \MK'n'S HALL.-First (‘..nrert of the *ca*on «n
Third Edition, crown hvo, cloth extra. 5 *.,
A STRANGE MANUSCRIPT FOUND IN A
COPPER CYLINDER.
With 19 Fitlbpago Illustrations by Gilbert Gaul.
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edly clever."—Perthshire Advertiser.
Just ready, Cbca)>er Edition, Illustrated boards, 2s.,
rvBD STORIES RE TOLD : Famous
Murder*, Wrecks. Conspiracies. Riots, Forgeries, Duel.*,
Fires, Ac. By WALTER THORNBURY.
> AY A FTK.lt.VO'i
Founded. 1H3H ; Rebuilt, 1H87.
MOORE and MOORE—Pianos from 16* ss.
±11- 10 108 gs. Organs from 7 g.«. to m gs. ; Tltree-Yeara*
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W a nd lo5. Bishopsgaie-within, Loudon, E.C.
J B. CRAMER and CO., 207 and 209,
• Regent-street.London. W.,have a choice selection of
upwards of loo SECONDHAND Grand. Obli.pie, Cottage, and
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American Organs, either for cash, by easy payments, or on
their Three-Years’System.
INVENTIONS EXHIBITION—The
- . MEDAL has been awarded to J. B. CRAMER
•?« C( ?,’ L n ? se*>*'r*l good quality and moderate price ot
sm”Moor^iVe*tr free on *PPRcation.—Regent-street, W.,
rV’ALMAINE and CO.’S PIANOS AND
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American Organs, by the best Makers, from 4.J guineas up to
railway return fare will be refunded to
an> purchaser of an Instrument exceeding 16 guineas whose
,'T'I u ."? unles of London.- 91, Finslniry-pav e-
tnent, E.u. (bstaMishcd 108 Years*.
ir Charles Halle. MM. L. Hies*",
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CHIRTS—FORD'S EUREKA SHIRTS.
O “ The most perfect fitting made."—Observer.
Gentlemen de*ir<m* of purchasing Shirt? of the best quality
Should try FORDS EUREKA^ao*., 4«**., 45?. half-ilozen.
QHIRTS—FORD’S EUREKA SHIRTS.
O Special to Measure.
Illustrated Self-measure post-free.
R. FORD ami CO.. 41. Poultry, London._
0 L E
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Banded, fine linen, three for 6a.: Superior, 7*. fid.; Extra
Fine,9*. Send three (not lea?) with ca?li. Returned ready for
use carnage paid.—R. FORD and CO., 41. Poultry, London.
,T?GIDIUS.—The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
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Elastic, soft as silk.two for 21*.; Extra Quality, two for 27?.
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a^GIDIUS.— GENTLEMEN’S UNDER-
XFJ VESTS, summer and winter weight, 32 to 48 inches
chest; Pants to match, 32 to » waist. Ve?t? 4s. 6d. to «s. 9d.
each; Pants.5s.9d. i«» 8«.«d.; Half-Hose, 58 «d.,7R.6d. 9s.fid.,
the half-dozen. Self-measure and pattern? free from the Sole
Makers, R, FORD and CO., 41, Poultry, London.
it to-day the rendezvous of tin
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Monte Carlo enjoy a perpetual
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THE HIGHLANDS OF BRAZIL
A SANATORIUM, in one of the finest all-tbe-year-round
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AUTUMN TOUR IN THE
MEDITERRANEAN.
The Orient Company will dispatch their large, full-powered
Sicam-*bii> GAllONNK. 3*76 toil* register. »<»>-)ior*c |*iw«r,
from TILBURY DOCKS, London, on NOV. 15. for a Five
Weeks’ Cruise, visiting Lisbon, Tangier, Gibraltar. Algiers,
Palermo, Naples, Civit-t Yecchia for Rome, Leghorn, Genoa.
Nice, for Rinera. Malaga. Ac..arriving in London on Pec. 22.
The GARONNE is tilted with the Electric Light. Ho
r PHE MAN HUNTER.
A By DICK DONOVAN.
Post 8vo. illustrated boards, 2s.; cloth
" Enthralling in their interest .’’-Scotsman.
!?. 6d.,
A BOOK FOR ALL HORSE-LOVERS.
Crown gvo, cloth extra, 6s.
THE HORSE AND HIS RIDER. By
A "THORMANBY."
“ Every page is pleasant reading, and the work will be laid
down with regret that there is not more.”—Time*.
London: (*n atto and Wxxnra. Piccadilly, W.
THE MATRIMONIAL HERALD and
A FASHIONABLE MARRIAGE GAZETTE i* the original
and only recognised medium for High-class Introductions.
The largest and most successful Matrimonial A gene v in the
World- Price 3d.; in envelope, 4*d. Address, fiuiToii.
40. Lamb’s Conduit-street. London. W.c.
ROUGHS, COLDS, ASTHMA,
gRONCHITIS, and NEURALGIA.
'old Baths, Ac. Chi
of the highest order. Nunilwr of
An experienced Surgeon will be carried.
Manager? : F. Ghkkn and Co., A^dkbson, AXDKItsox, and
Co.. Fencliurch-aveniie, E.C.
For Terms and other particular? apply to the latter firm; or
to West-End Agent?, Grindlay and Co., 55, Parliament-*!.,8.W.
D R. J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
CIILORODYNE.—Vice-Chancellor Sir W. Page Wood
1 stated publicly in Court that Dr. J. Collis Browne was un-
, doubteuly the inventor of Chlorodyne; that the whole story
; of the defendant Freeman was deliberately untrue, and be
I regrettecMU) say it had been sworn to.-See the ’’Times,'
D R. J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
CHLORODYNE.—The Right Hon. Earl Russell coimuii-
1 nicated to the College of Physicians and J. T. Davenimrt that
i ho had received information to the effect that tho only retm-il-
1 of any service in cholera was Chlorodyne.—Boo “Lancet,
Dec. 31.1863.
T AYLOR’S CIMOLITE,
OR PREPARED WHITE FULLERS EARTH.
Is the only reliable and thoroughly harmless SKIN
POWDER. It i? prepared by an experienced Chemist, and
under it* Latin name of “Terra Ciuiolia" i? constantly pro¬
scribed by the most eminent Derimilologi«te. and wan ,
e*iieeially recommended by the late Sir Erasmus Wilson,
F.It.S.,and by the late Dr. Tilbury Fox. For general use it i? 1
simply invaluable, and tar superior toGIvrerine or any grea«y
compound. It i? the Best Dusting-Powder for Infants.
Formerly used in the Nurserioa of her Majesty the Qneen, tho ,
Princes? of Wales, tlio Duchess of Teck. Ac., and now ex-
tensively employed in the Nurseries of her Imperial Majesty I
t lie Empress of Russia, the Duchess of Edinburgh, our own 1
Royal Princesses and Duchesses, H.K.M. the Duchess of ,
Ciimlicrlaiid,and most of the Aristocracy. Recommended by ,
the faculty. The eminent physician. Dr. Routli. says.—“I ,
feel I cannot too highly recommend it.” “ I cannot afford to ;
bo without it."—Dr. Bainbridge. A lady writesHere, ra I
India, for ' Prickly Heat.’ I found it worth a guinea a toa-
Bpoonful.” Post-free. Send llor3«i>enny stamp*.
Ask for “ Taylor’s Cimolite.” See that tho Trade Mark, Name
and Address, are on ©very Parcel, and do not ho persuaded to
take imitation?.
Introduced Into medical practice and prepared by
JOHN TAYLOR, Chemist, 13, B*ker-street, London, W.
D R J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
CHLORODYNE.—Extract from the “Medical Time*."
Jan. 13, 1866:—“ le prescriluil by scores of orthodox practi-
.. ' ’* - * *e thus singularly popular
D r. j. COLLIS BROWNE’S
CHLORODYNE is the l>est and most certain remedy in
C-mgha, Colds, Asthma, Consumption,Neuralgia, Rhoumniiiiu,
T> T \
D r. j. COLLIS BROWNE’S
CHLORODYNE.—CAUTION.—None genuine willimit t lie
words " Dr. J.Colli? Browne'*Chlorodyne ” on the Government
stamp. Overwhelming medical testimony accomimnie* each
Bottle. 8ole Manufacturer. J. T. DAVENPORT. 33. Great
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 3, 1888
538
OBITUARY.
SIR EDMUND ARTHUR WALLER. BART.
Sir Edmond Arthur Waller, fifth Baronet, of Newport, in the
county of Tipperary, died at St. Heliera, Jersey,
on Oct. 22. Ho was born March 1C, 1846, the
only son of Sir Edmund Waller, fourth Baronet,
by Rebecca, his second wife, youngest daughter
of Mr. Arthur Guinness, of Beaumont, in the
county of Dublin, and sister of Sir Benjamin
Lee Guinness, first Baronet, and succeeded to
the title on the death of his fnther, March 9,
1831. He was educated at Eton, and served for
some years in the 84th Foot. He married,
firstly, March 4, 1889, Annie, daughter of Mr.
George Parsons, which lady died Dec. 27,1876,
and secondly. Sept. 2, 1878, Jessie Marian, •
daughter of tho late Mr. Henry James Pnrbrook, of Brighton,
but left no issue. He is succeeded by his uncle, now Sir
Charles Waller, sixth Baronet, who married, in 1830, Marin,
daughter of Sir. Nicholas Burgher, of New York, and has
three sons and five daughters.
81.1 JOHN WALLIS ALEXANDER, BART.
Sir John Wallis Alexander, fourth Baronet of Belcamp, in the
, county of Dublin, died at his residence, 27,
Eaton-square, S.W., on Oct. 23, after a long
illness. He was born Oct. 1, 1800, the second
son of Sir Robert Alexander, second Baronet,
by Eliza, his wife, daughter and heiress of
Mr. John Wallis, and succeeded his brother
March 31, 1873. He married, first, May 18,
1858, Lady Lepel Charlotte Phipps, youngest
daughter of Henry, first Earl of Muigrave, and
sister of Constantine, first Marquis of Normanby
(she died Jan. 29, 1869) ; and seoondly, Aug. 22,
1877, Mary Kathleen, second daughter of the
Rev. John Dreaper, of Manchester, bnt had no
issue. The baronetcy, created Dec. 11, 1809, has consequently
devolved on his cousin, Sir William Ferdinand Alexander,
fifth Baronet, who was born Oct. 15, 1845, and married,
Nov. 27, 1884, Edith, second daughter of Mr. George Heriot La
Fargue, of Bosworth Hall, Leicestershire.
GENERAL SIR EDMUND HAYTHORNE.
General Sir Edmund Haythorne. K.C.B., Colonel 1st Battalion
Hampshire Regiment, died at Silchester House, near Reading,
on Oct. 18. He was born in 1818, the son of the late Mr. John
Haythorne, of Hill Honse, in the county of Gloucester, and
was educated at Sandhurst. He entered the Army in 1837,
became Captain in 1844, Major in 1849, Lieutenant-Colonel and
Colonel in 1854, Major-General in 1868, Lieutenant-General in
1877, and General in 1879. He served with distinction in the
China War, 1841; in the Pnnjaub Campaign, 1848-49; was
present at tho forcing of the Kohat Pass, under Sir Charles
Napier, 1850 ; and at the siege and fall of Sebastopol, 1855.
He received for his gallantry four medals with clasps, fifth
class of the Medjidieh, and the Turkish medal, and was several
times mentioned in despatches. He was made K.C.B. in 1873.
The distinguisned General married, in 1862, Eliza, daughter of
Mr. J. Thomas. _
We have also to record the deaths of—
Mr. Thomas Chaudos Leigh Benedict, on Oct. 22, uged
seventy-five.
Captain Robert Charles Whyte, R.N., at Instow, North
Devon, on Oct. 18, aged seventy-five.
The Rev. Thomas Boston Wilkinson, M.A., Rector of East
Hailing, Norfolk, since 1829, on Oct. 15, aged ninety.
Mary, Lady Soame, widow of Sir Peter Buckwovth Heame-
Soame, seventh Baronet, and daughter of Mr. William
Bradshaw, at 7, Tregnnter-road, on Oct. 17, aged eighty-eight.
Major-General Allan Hamilton Graham, late Royal Artil¬
lery, at Graham House, Malvern Wells, on Oct 22, aged
seventy-one.
The Rev. William Bousfield, M.A., late Fellow of Lincoln
College, Oxford, and for thirty-five years Rector of Cnblington,
Backs, at Aylesbury, on Oot. 21, aged seventy.
Colonel Arthnr Chichester Crookshank, C.B., of wonnds
received in the skirmish at Kotkai recently. A portrait of
the Colonel, with'a memoir, was given in our issne for Oct 20.
The Rev. James Fleming, on Oct. 27, at Troon, in his
ninety-sixth year, and the seventieth year of his ministry.
Associated with Dr. Chalmers he had written a number of
works on Church affairs.
Mr. Heriry Digby Sheffield, at Jacksonville, Florida, on
Oct, 22, aged fifty-five. He was the second son of Sir Robert
Sheffield, fourth Baronet, by Julia, bis wife, daughter of Sir
John Newbolt, Chief Justice of Madras.
Mr. Robert Charles Catling, F.S.I., of Needham Hall,
Cambridgeshire, on Oct 13, aged seventy-six. He was a J.P.
and D.L. for Cambridge, High Sheriff for that county in 1880,
and Captain, 5th Cambridgeshire Rifle Volunteers.
Mr. John Walter De Longueville Giffard, M.A., Judge of
Exeter County Courts, after three days' illness, on Oct. 23. He
was the eldest son of Mr. Stanley Lees Giffard, LL.D.. and
brother of Hardinge Stanley, first Lord Halsbury. Lord Chan¬
cellor of Great Britain.
Captain Charles Harold Beley, D.S.O., 25th Pnnjaub Native
Infantry, killed in action while serving with the Black
Mountain Expedition, India, on Oct 5, aged thirty-three. A
memoir and portrait of Captain Beley appeared in onr issue
for Oct 13.
Mr, John Harward Jessop, of Marlfield, Cabinteely, in the
county of Dublin, J.P., High Sheriff of Longford in 1853, at
Weymouth-street, Portland-place, of inflammation of the
lungs, on Oct 18, aged sixty-five. He was the only son of the
Rev. Robert Jessop, Rector of Kilglass, by Catherine, his wife,
daughter of Sir Thomas Fetherston, Bart
Mr. William Wallace Rodger Cunliffe, of Hadlow Castle,
Kent, after a short illness, on Oct. 23, aged forty-one. He was
the eldest son of Mr. Robert Rodger, of Hadlow Castle, J.P.,
and assumed in 1887 the additional name of Cunliffe, under
the will of his maternal grandfather.
Captain Thomas Fraser Sandeman, of Stodham, Hants, J.P.,
late 73rd Regiment, on Oot. 18, in his eigbty-seoond year.
Lady Brownlow Cecil (Charlotte Aloxandrina Mabella),
wife of Lord Brownlow Montagn Cecil, brother of the present
Marquis of Exeter, and daughter of Mr. Edward Thompson
Carry, British Consnl at OBtend, at Dover on Oct. 17, aged
sixty-three.
Lieutenant-Colonal Henry John Peet, Bengal Infantry,
Deputy-Commissioner at Assam, on Sept. 21 at Calcutta, aged
forty-six. He entered the Army in 1860, and became Lien-
tenant-Colonel in 1886. He served with the Bhootan Expe¬
dition in 1864-65, and was present at the recapture of
Dewangiri (medal with clasp).-
Major Thomas Bayley Graves, late Royal Welsh Fusiliers,
nt 3, Burwood-place, Hyde Park, on Oct. 14. He entered the
Army in 18G2, became Captain in 1874, and Honorary Major
in 1882. He embarked for the Gold Coast with his regiment
and served in the Ashautee War in 1874, including the Battle
of Amoafnl and the capture of Coomassie, for which he was
several times mentioned in despatches, and received a medal
with clasp. _
Vice-Admiral Sir W. Graham has been appointed Presi¬
dent of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, in the room of
Vice-Admiral Sir T. Brandreth.
The Rev. H. W. Webb-Peploe, at the morning and evening
services at St. Paul's Church, Onslow-Bquare, on Sunday, Oct. 28,
brought before his congregation the claims of the Consumption
Hospital, Brompton, and urged upon his hearers that the
institution was in their own parish, and it was their duty and
privilege to give it their liberal support. There had been
about 38,000 in-patiente and abont 350,000 out-patients under
treatment for periods of a few weeks to several months. The
letters, which through the kindness of the congregation were
placed in his hands, were extremely valuable to the many poor
sufferers who applied to him. Mr. Webb-Peploe impressed
upon his hearers the great importance of annual subscriptions,
and alluded, in eloquent and feeling terms, to the great benefits
conferred by the hospital. The Rev. A. B. G. Lillingston also
preached in the afternoon in aid of the charity. The collections
amounted to £103 5s. 5d.,including several annual subscriptions.
BIRTHS.
On Oct. 23, at Norman Honse, First Tower, Jersey, the wile of N. R.
Pogsou, C.I.K., Government Astronomer, Madras, of a daughter.
On Oct. 27, nt South CoUingham, Newark, the wife ot Charles Constable
Curtis, of n son.
DEATH.
On Oct. 8, at Springfield House, St. Christopher. West Indies, the Hon.
Charles Monroe Ehlrldgv, President of St. Chrlstopher-Nevls, aged sixty-
three.
The charge for the insertion, of Births , Marriages, and Deaths,
is Five Shillings.
ENDLESS AMUSEMENT DOR ONE SHILLING.
ENGLISH DOLLS FOR ENGLAND’S DAUGHTERS. MARVELLOUS TOYS FOR THE MONEY.
(Protected by Royal Letters Patent.)
Miss Dollie Daisie Dimple-
EVERYBODY IS PLEASED WITH
THIS WONDERFUL
SHILLING’S - WORTH.
20,000 SOLD LAST SEASON.
Samples of many thousands of
unsolicited Testimonials
“The Countess op Aberdeen is
charmed with the new Toys brought oat
by Messrs. Hlnde, and begs that flfty
assorted specimens of th« new Toys may
be sent addressed to tho care of Miss
Lnmsdcn,Children's Hospital,Aberdeen;
fifteen to tlie Cripples’ Nursery, Regent's
Park, London; twelve to the care of
MU* Bain, Ivy Cottage, Mothltck, Aber¬
deenshire ; and twenty-three to the care
of Mrs. Greenhalgh, Haddo House
Cottage Hospital, Tarves, Aberdeenshire.
Oct. 2, u«r
“ Fern Lodge, Heme Bay, Kent.
a Sept. 22,1888.
“ Dear Sir,—I am very glad to see by
* The Lady* that you have issued more
of your charming Toys. * The Dimples *
I ordered from you some time ago gave
universal satisfaction. Please to send
the Three Toys In a package. A P.O.
for 3s. 8d. Is enclosed.
“ Yours faithfully,
H T. DAWSON (Captain)."
“288, Strand,
" Sept. 27, 1888.
“ Please send, addressed to Editor of
• Family Doctor,’ one ’ Dimple Villa,*
they are most Interesting to children on
n bed of sickness. Is. 4d. stamps cn-
cloycd."
AND HER TRUNK OF SMART CLOTHES,
AM. TO TAKE ON AND OPP.
PRETTY CALICO FROCKS and HATS in the latest fashions, to suit all occasions and all seasons.
PETTICOATS, BODICES, TIPPETS, SKIRTS, APRONS, CORSETS, anil a great variety of underclothing,
all to take on and off, and many other pretty things only to be found in a
properly appointed Dolly's outfit. Together with a little Book all
about Miss Dimple’s Birthday and early History.
Beautiful Designs and Colours. The dress
materials are of durable, iiiglily-glazed cloth.
The Doll with Trunk and Contents (upwards of £0
Articles), securely racked, sent carriage paid to any
part of England, Ireland, Scotland, or Wales, for is. 4d.
(per Postal Order preferred), from
HINDES LONDON SAMPLE-ROOM:
la, CITY-ROAD, LOUDON, EX.
COMPANION TOY SO-DOLUS DAISIE DIMPLE."
QUITE NEW THIS SEASON.
SAILOR BOY DOlrl"
ROMPING, ROLLICKING RODERICK,
With his Sea Chest, 8 In. by 3 in.
Containing three Suits of Clothes, five Hats, all to take on ami off.
A SLOOP. “THE PINAFORE,” Bin. long, wiiti sails, rudder,
crew, cargo, small boat, oars, ic., and a well-written Booklet, called
“He would be a Sailor ," by Mrs. Hayes.
The whole Toy comprising upwards of SIXTY ARTICLES,
the like of which has never before been seen for
ONE SHILLING.
4d. Extra for Packing and Carriage.
HINDE’S NEW PATENT.
A Beautiful Doll’s House
For ONE SHILLING.
A real Doll’s House with rooms, frontage, 1 ft. 4 In. The Drawing¬
room is 8 in. wide bv 10 in. long, and very lofty, 11 in. high. A most
attractive double-fronted Residence, known as “Dimple Villa.
Imitation Red Brick and Stone Facings, Bay Windows, green
/J Venetian Blinds, &c. A practical house to put furniture in. law
It Toy is sure to he a favourite with little girls, and all old friends or
/I "Dollie Daisie Dimple." It is quite a large Doll's House, and
takes the place of a Doll’s House usually oostlng ten times tne
money. Price ONE SHILLING complete.
GIVEN AWAY,
with a score of brightly-coloured Illustrations for the Children, sent
gratis and post-free to applicants.
The Three Toys, One Shilling each, may be had of all important Toy Houses in the World. The GIRL SOLI, One Shilling; the BOY DOLL, One Shilling; and the DOLL’S HOUSE, complete.
Cne Shilling, and 4d. extra on each article for packing and postage; 0d. on two articles, and 8d. on the three, to any address in the United Kingdom or Continent. Cash by Postal Note preferred.
Applicants should write very distinctly their Postal Address. Last year several hundred toys were returned by the Post Office “address not known.”
HINGE’S LONDON SAMPLE-ROOM, 1a, CITY-ROAD, LONDON, E.C.
Though found quite unnecessary, the Patentees still adhere to their practice of Money willingly returned if any dissatisfaction. Drapers will
And these Toys an attractive Christinas Novelty.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SPECTACLES.
539
WITH FINEST BRAZILIAN PEBBLES,
OR THE PUREST GLASS.
Carefully adapted to any sight, a Register of which
is kept for future reference.
OPTICIANS TO HER MAJESTY.
HOLBORN VIADUCT, EC.
Branches: 45, COBXHILL; 122, KEOKNT-STREKT.
Photographic Studio: CRYSTAL PALACE.
Telephone, Mo. 4SK2. Teleprnpfale .1
r *** : “ Negrrttl, Load
ROWLANDS’
ODONTO
Is the best
TOOTH POWDER;
whitens the Teeth
and prevents decay;
contains no acid or
gritty substances.
Buy only
ROWLANDS'
ODONTO.
Sold everywhere.
QLASGOW INI ERSATIOSAL
i At hays op
FAMOUS iSO POPTLAR
EXHIBITION OF INDUSTRY.
Tn.!UMPHxHT 8 S®5iia AHDAIlT
Advertising,
T IjoK cklv ick.Vhe^w" ami' , tSo S W^Y-?r!!•v ,1 pen.• ,
THE HINDOO PENS,|
Nos. 1, 2, and 3,
WITH DIAGONAL POINTS. |
“ They are a treasure.”— Standard.
2347 Newspapers recommend these Pens. |
6d. and is. per Box. Sold by all Stationers.
MACNIVEN & CAMERON,!
WAVERLEY WORKS, EDINBURGH.
NUDA VERITAS
restores grey or faded Uair to its
original colour. Causes grow th mi
bald spots,
t w BTUDA r VEKITASf^fnr t wen t y-
Biiperior to all other Hair Ite-
storers. Bloat effectual, harmles.-,
old it
all
MADE WITH BOILING WATER
EPPS’S
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
COCOA
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
Now Ready. Tenth Edition.
Contexts —Symptoms of Dys¬
pepsia and Indigestion ; Special
Advice as to Diet and Hegimen ;
Diseases Sympathetic; Notes for
Dyspeptics; Beverages, Air,
and Ventilation ; Particulars of
numerous Dyspeptic Cast's. Sent
for one stamp.
Address: Publisher,46,Holborn
Viaduct, London. E.C.
GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN RAZORS.
ARBENZ’S Celebrated
1
L
MANDARIN RAZORS,
With fully Warranted Interchangeable 'Blades,
n r ,r-L ,no *L re . liabl e. easlest. nndwheapest high-class
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sS-
A.RNELL, INQUIRY
\-TED LONDON NEWS, N
mission ers
SITTING AT THE ROYAL COURTS OF JUSTICE,
-i-j •«. lift
542
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 10. IS8S
OUR NOTE BOOK,
BY JAMES PAYN.
A number of eminent persons have been denouncing com¬
petitive examinations, and most offensive things they doubtless
are, especially to those who have to pass them, I confess
that, without being deeply impressed with the intelligence of
the young gentlemen I have had the pleasure to meet who
win the prizes, I am amazed at the information which they
temporarily carry about with them ; even those who are
beaten seem to be miracles of learning ; and when they show
me their examination-papers there is not a question which
(in their own phraseology) would not “utterly stump” me.
If my own time were to come over again, I feel that not a
messengership—far less a civil appointment in the land of the
pagoda-tree—would bo within my educational grasp. But
then, somehow, something, which is not vanity but common-
sense, tells me that ns a boy I was not such an utter fool,
though I knew none of these things ; and a similar conviction
is borne in upon most persons who have made their way in
the world, without one-tenth of the “ ologiea ” that are now
necessary at starting. At a time when persons of great literary
distinction were pressing upon the attention of young persons
their Hundred (1 had almost written their hundredwvv'y/if, for
they seemed to be selected for their ponderosity) Best Books, I
ventured to remark that it was possible to educate people be¬
yond their wits ; and this, it seems, has now been accomplished.
Our youths are absolutely “ stodged ’* with dates and facts and
book-lumber of all kinds. If you ask a boy at any crammer s
how many hours his classical or mathematical nose is kept to
the grindstone, his answer throws the slavery revealed by the
Factory Act into the shade; whereas everyone acquainted
with intellectual toil is aware that no real benefit, but the
reverse, is derived from “ overtime” work : nothing comes
of it but mist and muddle.
On the other hand, it cannot be denied that competitive
examinations have, on the whole, given us more competent
public servants; there is not so much shirking of work in
our Government offices as there used to be; not so many
“ Queen s hard bargains ” ; and especially it is certain young
men take a greater pride in their professions, and more
interest in them, than they did in the days of patronage and
purchase. Moreover, the other side will doubtless have their
word to say. I remember one who has had a vast experience
of military education telling me that the cry about the
physical inferiority of candidates for the army under the
present system is simply the clamour raised by the dullards
(or their friends) who have failed to pass. “ If you choose to
add raising weights with their teeth,” he said, “ to the present
tests, I will back the lads who win in the other subjects to
make the most marks in that too.” He illustrated, if I re¬
member right, his contention that the physical and intellectual
powers on the whole went hand in hand, by the fact that
the youth of the scientific corps (i.e., at Woolwich Academy),
though inferior in numbers to the cadets at Sandhurst, held
their own with them and something more, at cricket and foot¬
ball. What seems to me would be a great improvement in our
competitive training is to make it less a mattir of drudgery
and slogging, and more an exercise of the intellectual faculties ;
it is not easy to make a young gentleman learn, bnt the
process for making him think has not os yet been discovered.
If a Royal Commission can do it, I shall believe in the Divine
Right of Kings ; but at all events, let us try something ; there
must surely be some middle course bet ween cramming our boys
like chickens, and letting things slide.
If, as at home, the abdication of a head-master at the
Antipodes means extra holidays, the public schoolboy in
New Zealand must bo having a high time. In the seven
oldest schools in the colony no less than twenty-two head
masters have thrown up the reins of office, or had them
snatched from them by their “ governing committee,” in as
many years. The Post (not the Morning Post, but a Welling¬
ton paper) gives the items of this very unfashionable
intelligence so many “ Worried to death," so many “ Badgered
into resigning.” so many “Driven away,” and so on. One,
it is pleasant ta find, “ Still survives, but sorely baited.” This
is certainly not the way public schoolmasters are treated in
the old country, and to the mathematical mind, if to no
other, it may afford some satisfaction as tending to restore the
balance. Thes? unfortunate gentlemen, we are told, were
*• nearly all ohos?n by first-rate men at home, on the ground
of special fitness for their posts, and from a long list of
candidates.” It would have been better for them to have
failed in obtaining these Antipodean prizes. The fault 6eems
ta lie in divided government. I once had a friend who edited
a magazine conducted by a committee of divines, and his
experience was not encouraging. They objected to everything
except the articles they wrote themselves, and which they
insisted on his inserting. lie was a lean man ; but in six
months he lost more than a stone in weight, and would
doubtless have been a living skeleton had he not thrown up
his appointment. But the case of these unhappy New Zealand
schoolmasters seems far harder.
In Mr. Shaw Lofevre’s interesting paper in the Xinrtccnth
Century on the “ Public Buildings of London,” he insists on
the necessity of “ relieving the pressure which has arisen from
crowding Westminster Abbey with monuments.” He called
attention to the fact, he tells us, six years ago, “during which
no fewer than eighteen statues, busts, and monuments have
joen added.” One a year seems to be the amount of bust (or
otherwise) required by public opinion, but three times this
allowance has been awarded t> deceased claimants. It is now
proposed to add a monumental chapel—an annexe, which if
not the rose shall be near the rose—by pulling down certain
houses on the north side of Old Palace-yard.
Tli's is as it should be, and let us make haste about
enlarging the National Walhalla sd that there may be room
and verge enough when our time comes to be put there. It
is not a case where “ business ” can be “ carried on during the
alterations.” There is “ snug lying in the Abbey,” but it is
too snug: there might be written over its doors what is so
constantly seen over those of our omnibuses—“ Full inside.” It
is not a question of “ Si momentum requiris, Sir-come-spy-9ec ” ;
there are only too many monuments, and no standing place
for another, nor even a niche in the wall for one’s tablet.
It is not a matter of choice ns it was in St. Paul’s, where
the poet warns us against inartistic monumental neighbour¬
hoods :—
It ?hnnM not be there, nor nearer the floor,
Where Die Man nn«l tlic Angel have got Sir John Moare,
And are quietly letting him down through the floor,
and so on. In Westminster there is really no room for anybody,
whether in eligible situations or not. It is not egotism—for I
don’t care where they put me, unless it’s in a draught, and I
dare say even that won’t matter, only it is so difficult to get rid
of a life-long prejudice—but a sincere desire that much more
eminent persons may find a resting-place suitablj to their
merits that causes me to add my feeble voice to this cry of
“ Enlarge the Abbey!” We are told, on good authority, that
“not more than fifteen or twenty burials, at most.” can
possibly now' take place there; and when we consider the
uncertainty of life—in the case of some of us who are
getting on in years one might pat it even a little stronger—
there is evidently not an hour to lose in providing the
necessary accommodation. Of course, as a temporary measure,
one could be embalmed, and wait; but literary persons, at all
events, have no money to spend in luxuries of this kind.
There was a time when a great man, on the eve of a great
deed, could exclaim, “Westminster Abbey ora Peerage !” with¬
out evoking a smile from his contemporaries. But the area of
aspiration is now more limited; nobody wants to be a Peer
(or, at least, ho says he doesn’t), and, in any case, we arc told
that the Peerage is played out. In a few more years there
will be nothing but Westminster Abbey for the reward of
genius. It will never, I hope, be contemplated to take people
out of it in order to make room for more worthy claimants ;
the idea of a committee sitting upon the merits of Departed
Worth, and deciding which of them is to go, is too painful to
dwell upon ; there is therefore clearly nothing for it but to
enlarge the Abbey. _
The Jews seem thankful for small mercies. In one of their
organs the opinions of one Emperor and a King regarding
them are quoted this week with much apparent satisfaction.
In a recent conversation between the young Emperor William
and King Humbert, the former is said to have observed, “The
Jews arc an intelligent element, and I am not prejudiced
against them in particular ” ; to which his Majesty of Italy
replies, “ I think as you do. Good and bad individuals are to
bo found in every religious denomination." This is not the
sort of praise to which one would apply the epithet “ fulsome.”
but, when one considers who arc the speakers, I suppose little
more could be expected of them. With the Emperor of Russia,
on the other hand, the Caucasian race (as might have been
expected from his geographical position) have distinctly
scored. The love of religious freedom is not, however, the
leading feature of some of his subjects ; and a young Jew,
though he had distinguished himself in scholarship, was
refused admission the other day into the University of Kieff
on account of his creed. Upon this “he took the extreme
step ’’ (and so it seems, indeed ; good Heavens !) of telegraph¬
ing to the Czar, and petitioning for his good offices. In a few
days he received a message from the Rector of the Uiliversity
that he was admitted into its orthodox bosom. This is, so far,
satisfactory ; bub it would be interesting to learn how this
young Hebrew scholar has been welcomed by his brother-
students, and whether University life at Kieff has the charms
for him which it would have at Oxford or Cambridge.
At the Grand Masonic Lodge of Scotland at its last
quarterly (and Edinburgh) meeting, a most terrible outrage
was brought to the notice of the authorities. Three “ brethren”
had been so forgetful of their vows as to introduce two
members of the other sox to hear, and “partially through a
closed door” to behold, the proceedings of a certain lodge
“ when tyled in the third degree.” The expression is a little
vague to the outsider, and reminds one of the locking and
“double locking” the door, a superfluous caution peculiar to
novelists ; but it no doubt signifies some apartment thoroughly
roofed in, and intended to exclude spectators. These audacious
persons, however, we are informed, actually “ broke the tvling,”
so that an opportunity for inspection must have been afforded
similar to that of a skylight. For my part, I know nothingof
these mysteries except from report; but what I exceedingly
resent is that these sacrilegious persons have been only
punished with “expulsion” from the order, and “special
censure.” One had reasonably looked forward, from all one
has ever heard of Freemasonry, to some penalty (“humorous
and lingering ” as Mr. Gilbert terms it) like boiling oil, or the
being put to death to slow music (the bagpipes would hardly
have been too bad for them) at the very least. Humanity is
all very well, but it is terrible to be thus deprived of our illu¬
sions. There is still a chance, of course, that the offenders
may mysteriously disappear, when we shall be nt liberty to
hope for the worst; but to find that, for introducing females
to the secrets of Masonry, offenders are only expelled (as
they might be from an anti-tobacco club for smoking a cigar¬
ette) is a blow from which the lovers of legend and believers
in the Vengeance (with a big V) of a violated cult will not
easily recover. As for the ladies, who seem to have escaped
(thanks, I suppose, to their nationality) scot free, I tremble to
think wliAt, under an older regime, might have been their fate.
Everyone knows the story of the inquisitive female who shut
herself up in a cupboard in a room where Freomasous were to
meet and was discovered (through sneezing) before she heard
anything worth speaking of, and nevertheless—well, it is
almost too horrible to relate—was on pain of death herself
sworn a Mason, but without the secret being confided to her—
a refinement of cruelty that, so far as we know, though he
was very cruel to women, never entered into the brain of
Torquemada himself.
Some people are always complaining that they have been
born before their time, with what seems to their friends
very little reason. But I wish I could have my life at a
public school over again, not so much with the object of bein'*-
a better boy, as because, at one of them at least, it is no
longer necessary to learn Greek. Mr. Welldon (a capital
name), the Head-Master of Harrow, has come to the con¬
clusion that boys who may be expected to advance enough to
profit by Greek literature, will know quite as much about it
at eighteen if they learn it at fourteen as though they
had begun it earlier; while the immense majority, “ who
never get beyond stnmbling through the Iliad with
the help of a crib and a lexicon,” had very much
better not begin it at all, but give their attention to
something more useful. Here is common-sense at last in
a classical seminary. But in the mean time what have I,
and thousands like me, “ kept from the playground often¬
times upon no ground whatever,” suffered from what I am
afraid we used to call “ that beastly language ” ! and how can
we ever obtain compensation? The hours of sunshine spent
in looking out its filthy roots, which we might have passed in
the open air, or in reading story-books ; the headaches, the
vertigos, its irregular verbs engendered ; the consonantless
shrieking (those much-admired ‘‘cries of females without”)
in its terrible plays—I protest, when I think of them, 1 hate it
with a hate that I have never been able to develop against
a fellow-creature who has injured me ! It is wrong to speak
of the dead with such bitterness, but not of a dead language.
THE COURT.
The Queen, who is in good health at Balmoral, went out on the
morning of Nov. 1 with Princess Beatrice. Her Majesty,
accompanied by the Princess, drove in the afternoon. Sir
Algernon and Miss Borthwick lunched at the castle, and Miss
Borthwick afterwards had the honour of being received by the
Queen. Princess Frederica and Baron Pawel-Rammingen
dined with the Queen and the Royal family. Miss Trotter, in
attendance on Princess Frederica, the Rev. A. Campbell, and
Captain Davidson, commanding the Guard at Ballater, hod the
honour of being invited. Lieutenant M*Kerrell and Lieutenant
Wolrige-Gordon dined at the castle, and were received by the
Queen in the evening. On the morning of the 2nd the
Queen went out, attended by the Hon. Marie Adeane. In
the afternoon her Majesty drove with Princess Beatrice
and Princess Frederica. Prince Henry of Battenberg left
the castle for London. Prince Arthur and Princess Margaret
of Connaught took leave of her Majesty, and left for London
on their way to India. The Queen went out, with Princess
Beatrice, on the 3rd. In the afternoon her Majesty drove out,
attended by the Dowager Duchess of Roxburghe and the
Hon. Marie Adeane. Princess Frederica and Baron Pawel-
Rammingen dined with the Queen. Lord Knutsford, who arrived •
at the castle as Minister in attendance, had the honour of
being included in the Queen's dinner-party. Divine service
was performed at the castle on Sunday morning, the 4th, in
the presence of the Queen, Princess Beatrice, and the Royal
household. The Rev. A. Campbell officiated. In the afternoon
her Majesty and Princess Beatrice visited Princess Frederica
at Abergeldie Mains. The Queen and Princess Beatrice went
out on Monday morning, the 5th, attended by the Dowager
Duchess of Roxburghe ; and in the afternoon her Majesty and
the Princess drove out, attended by Miss M‘Neill. Princess
Frederica and Baron Von Pawel-Rammingen dined with the
Queen, and Lord Knutsford had the honour of being invited.
The Prince of Wales, attended by General Sir Charles
Teesdale and Sir Francis Knollys, arrived at Sandringham on
Friday night, Nov. 2, for the winter season. Prince Albert
Victor, attended by Captain Holford, arrived at Sandringham
next day. The Prince and Princess, with Prince Albeit
Victor, and Princesses Louise, Victoria, and Maud, attended
by the ladies and gentlemen of the household, were present at
Divine service at the church of St. Mary Magdalene on the
morning of Sunday, Nov. 4. The Rev. F. Hervey, M.A.. Rector
of Sandringham. Domestic Chaplain to the Prince and Princess
of Wales, and Chaplain to the Queen, officiated. The Prince
and Princess have accepted an invitation, forwarded through
Dr. James Williams, the late Mayor of Brecon, to attend the
National Eisteddfod at Brecon in 1883.—Prince Albert Victor
has been granted long leave of absence from his military
duties, and leaves London for Copenhagen, to represent the
Prince and Princess of Wales at the celebrations in honour of
the twenty-fifth anniversary of the accession of the King of
Denmark to the throne.
Princess Louise on Nov. 5 visited Newcastle, and opened
the Durham College of Science. An enthusiastic welcome was
accorded her Royal Highness, on whose behalf the Marquis of
Lome acknowledged two addresses presented to her, first by
the Corporation and afterwards by the Council of the College.
Prince Arthur Patrick and Princess Margaret of Con¬
naught left Charing-cross by the Continental express-train, on
Nov. G, for India, to join their parents.
Prince Christian, who has been spending the vacation on
the Continent, returned on Nov. 4 to Cumberland Lodge,
Windsor Great Park, from Germany.
THE RUSSIAN ARMY.
Some of the Vienna papers have lately circulated alarming
reports that preparations are being made in the West Russian
provinces, close to the German and Austrian frontiers, for tiie
arrival of considerable numbers of troops, which are to be
transferred from the interior of Russia to those frontier
provinces. On the other hand, it was understood months ago
that the division from the Caucasus, frequently mentioned
last spring, would reach the Western frontier late in the
autumn ; and a recent communication from Sfc. Petersburg
refutes as completely incorrect the statement concerning the
alleged movement of the CAncasos Division in the direction of
the western frontier of Russia. It is added that no such
orders have been received by the division referred to ; and that
the movements of troops which are taking place nre merely
connected with concentration which was carried out in the
camps of exercise lately held, and which is now discontinued,
the manoeuvres having terminated. We have received, how¬
ever, from our own correspondent, sketches made by M. Baruch
at Kiev, showing a certain degree of activity in military pre¬
parations. One is that of the Russian conscripts assembling
at the Kiev depot, to receive their arms and uniforms ; the
other is that of a review of mounted Cossacks of the Caucasus,
previously to their farther march westward, the precise
destination of which is not yet known.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
s for which the Land Leagnc nns
el on the other side, Sir Charles Bussell,
wood, objected to this evidence as not
tb Mr. Farnell and tho other persons
Judges held it to lie admissible. John
Galway, a tenant of nine or ten acres,
was pulled out of his bed at night, and
or scraped with a board in which nails
THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION.
The Special Commissioners, Sir James Hannen, Mr. Justice
Day. and Mr. Justice A. L. Smith, holding the Court of
judicial inquiry concerning the charges and allegations set
forth by the Times against Mr. Parnell and other Irish mem¬
bers of Parliament connected with the Irish Land League and
the Irish National League during eight or nine years past,
have continued their sittings at the Itoyal Courts of Justice in
the Strand. The proceedings on Tuesday, Oct. SO, which was
the sixth day of sitting, Wednesday, and Thursday, Xov. 1.
were enlivened by some characteristic incidents, as the wit¬
nesses called by the Attorney-General, Sir Richard Webster,
who was, with Sir Henry James and Mr. Murphy, leading
counsel for the Timm, were cross-examined by Sir Charles
Russell, counsel for Mr. Parnell, and by Mr. T. Healy, Mr.
Davitt, and others, who appeared for themselves or for clients
on the Parnellite side. The first witnesses belonged to the class
of official reporters of speeches made in Ireland at the League
meetings ; they were head-constables or other officers of the
■ I submit, my Lin'd, that you bare no jurisdiction ."
were fixed, because he had taken a bit of land. Mrs. Dempsey
related the murder of her husband, in May, 1881 ; and Mrs.
Connors, another widow, told a similar sad story. Acts of
malicious damage to property, and the practice of boycotting,
from 1880 to 1887. were proved by landowners and county
magistrates. The Court adjourned to the next day.
Royal Irish Constabulary, who could take notes in shorthand,
and who were sometimes called upon to compare their notes with
the reports published in the newspapers of the time. Mr.
Healy. at the beginning of this course of evidence, declared
that he had read the reports of his own speeches as they
appeared in the freeman!t Journal; he added, “I admit
having made them, and I am proud of them.'' At the sitting
on Wednesday, Oct. 31, Captain W. II. O'Shea, formerly a
A Witness reading Speeches.
writing. The eighth day's Bitting was chiefly occupied with
further reports of Land League meetings and speeches. The
Court then adjourned to Tuesday, Nov. G, when Mr. Albert
Chester Ivos, special correspondent of the New York Herald ,
who in December, 1879, had long conversations with Mr.
Parnell on board an Atlantic steamer, produced his report of
those conversations, as published at the time. They chiefly
related to the distress then prevailing in Ireland, for the relief
of which the New York Herald gave £20,000, and raised a
subscription fund of nearly £30,000 ; but Mr. Parnell explained
the plan and objects of the Land League, on which he was
going to lectnre i n America, and said that there was nothing
secret or illegal in its proceedings. He remarked, however :
“A trne revolutionary movement in Ireland should, in my
opinion, partake of both a constitutional and an illegal
character. It should be both an open and a secret organisation,
using the constitution for its oivn purposes, hut nlso taking
advantage of its secret combination.' 1 Mr. Parnell said that
his own party was constitutional, and that he would not
belong to any illegal body. The Attorney-General next put
in the certificate of registration, in July. 1881, of L'nited
Ireland , proving that Mr. Parnell and Mr. Patrick Egan
were the principal proprietors of that newspaper, each holding
237 shares. Evidence of the perpetration of agrarian outrages,
from May, 1880, was then produced; the Attorney-General
undertaking t) show that, these outrages were connected with
the local branches of the Land League, or with the speeches
I admit haring made them, and am proud of the
iii
SIKKIM EXPEDITION : BRIGADIER-
ACCIDENT TO THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA’S TRAIN ON THE AZOV RAILWAY.
FROM A SKETCH
EYE-WITNESS.
THE 1L L US'! RATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 10, 1S8S
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(.Fit)in our otcn Corrrtpomltnl.)
_ . . Paris, Tuesday Nor. G.
This is a week ot mu** celrhrr*, Prado is being tried at Paris
.u “Hi" F ha ™ bi K£ Rt Constantino, and lx>th enses interest
Ine public deeply. Prado is accused of having assassinated a
woman named Mario Agaetan in IKsr, ; he is the hero of the
mystery of the Hdo Catimartin, a sort of second Pranzini a
man of energy and violence, who 1ms been all over the world,
exercised all sorts of trades, and lost all scruples while
acquiring all vices. Prado is a brute, a predestined criminal,
and a consummate comedian. Yesterday, the first day of the
trial, he astounded Judges and pnblic alike by the prodigious
energy of his defence, by the force of his savage eloquence,
by the vehemence of his attacks upon his Judges. In truth,
it was not the Bench that directed the proceedings ; it was
the bold adventurer cal led Prado, whose antecedents, history,
and real name arc veiled in mystery ; who questioned aiid
cross-questioned his Judges and talked and gesticulated to his
heart h content, for nothing could resist his vigorous di ter¬
mination. The case of Henri Chambige is still more mysterious
and strange : it is a drama of passion in which the role of the
victim—a charming lady of thirty—remains unexplained and
provocative of contradictory hypotheses. In January. 1888,
a young man of twenty—Henri Chambige—entered a villa
near Constantine with a young woman, Madame Grille.
Two hours later four shots were heard. The door was
forced, and the young woman was found laid on a bed
which had not been disordered, with two bullets in her
head and a bunch of violets on her breast. The young mail
lay on the floor bleeding with wounds from the" other two
, halls, llenri Chambige was a law student, who had written a
novel, and had literary aspirations. He also possesses singular
hypnotic power, and figures as a subject iu one of Paul
Margiierittes books. Madame Grille was a lady above reproach.
What can be the key of this mystery ’ Whatever it may be,
the victim and the hero are not commonplace.
The great event of the theatrical week has been the pro¬
duction of •• Pepa,” a new piece by MM. Meilhac and Ganderax,
ut the I’omedie Franqaise. The piece is rather a vaudeville
than a comedy, although it contains many clever notes of the
manners and ways of those Hispano-American people of
wealth and leisure whom the Parisians call rastaowem r. At
the same time the principal subject of the piece is the
situation of a divorced couple who determine to get remarried
together after thinking for a moment of contracting each
a new and independent union. It is easy to pick holes in
" Pepa,” and to demonstrate that it is an inferior piece; never¬
theless the dialogue is so sprightly, and some or the scenes arc so
clever, that it constitutes a most agreeable spectacle, especially
as it is played to perfection by Mdlle. Febvre, Feraudy.
Lebargy, and Mesdames Heicheraherg and Bartet. “Pepa” is
a piece to see and to bo seen only at the Corned ie Fran^aisc.
If it were played by other actors it would be null.
At the very interesting semi-private Theatre Libre a drama
called “ Rolande.“ by M. Louis De Gramont, lias created quite
a sensation in the literary world, both on account of the
remarkable talent displayed by the author and of the extreme
audacity of the subject, which turns on the irresponsible
depravity of a man of the type of Baron Hulot, in Balzac’s
“ Cousine Bette.” In the way of realism on the stage this is
the strongest and at the same time the most vehemently un¬
compromising thing we have yet seen, far beyond anything
that Zola or Daudet bare risked in their revolutionary pieces.
In accordance with the touching Parisian custom, the first
two days of November were devoted to visiting the various
cemeteries of the capital, on the occasion of the Fete of the
Dead, as it is called. The number of persons who visited the
ten cemeteries of the capital amounted to more than 200,000.
Tho municipal statistics show that during 1887 there were
51,514 burials at Paris, and that the city treasury received
nearly a million francs in funeral taxes and nearly 2| millions
for the sale of burying-ground in the cemeteries. It-appears
that the number of non-religious burials is decreasing. In
18H7 they were 11.000, as compared with 11,200 in 1882.
A terrible explosion of fire-damp in a mine at Campagnac,
Department of the Aveyron, has killed forty-eight miners and
injured three.—M. Maurice Richard, one of the most respected
and influential representatives of the Bonapartist camp, died
this week at the age of fifty-six. M. Richard entered political
life in 18»>3. and was Minister of Fine Arts in the Ollivier
Cabinet in 1800.—The Eiffel tower has reached the height of
178 metres. The remaining 122 mitres will lie finished next
January at the rate of 11 metros a week.—Paris is full of
Royal and noble visitors. The Russian Grand Dukes Nicolas,
Alexis, and Wladimir may be seen breakfasting every morning
in a well-known restaurant in the Avenue de l’Opern, and
other members of the Russian Imperial family have taken up
winter quarters in the south of France. T. C.
The celebration of the Royal Jubilee at Athens began on
Oct. 31 with a State procession to the cathedral. King George
and the Duke of Sparta were on horseback, while the other
members of the Royal family and the English, Russian, and
Danish guests drove in Court carriages. On the arrival of the
Royal party a “Te Deum” was sung, at the conclusion of
which a salute of lul guns was fired. Both iu going and
returning from the cathedral the King was loudly cheered by
the vast crowd which bad assembled. The Athens Exhibition
was opened on Nov. 1 by the King, who was accompanied by
Queen Olga and all the members of the Royal family, as well
as by the Royal guests now staying here. The ceremony was
conducted with much pomp, and the Exhibition affords
evidence of the great development and progress of the indus¬
trial arts in Greece. The Royal fetes concluded on the 3rd
with a general illumination at Athens and a display of fire¬
works. King George hns conferred the Order of the Grand
Cross on the Envoys who have brought him congratulations
from foreign Courts. The King and Queen and the members
of the Royal family, together with a number of other guests,
were entertained at luncheon on the 5th by the Duke of Edin¬
burgh on board the Alexandra, the flag-ship of the Mediter¬
ranean Sqnadron. The Duke left with the squadron for Malta
on the 7th ; bafc the Duchess and Prince George of Wales
remained as guests of the Greek Court for a few days longer.
The Czar and Czarina returned on Nov. 4 to St. Petersburg,
the streets of which were gaily decorated. Their Majesties
were enthusiastically cheered bv vast crowds. It is bow
officially announced that, in the accident which occurred to his
train, the Czar was injured on the foot and the Czarina in the
hand, but they were not prevented from going about to attend
to those who had received more serious injuries.—A telegram
received at St. Petersburg announces the death of the famous
Russian explorer. General Prjevalsky.
General Benjamin Harrison has been elected President
of the United States by a large majority over President
Cleveland.
A cyclone took place recently in the Madras Presidency. A
steamer carrying coolies was disabled, five of the coolies being
killed and several seriously injured. A train of twenty-two
carriages was blown off the line, the engine alone remaining.
THE LATE SIR EDMUND 1IAYTHORNE.
General Sir Edmund Haythorne. K.C.B., who died on Oct. 18
nt Silchester House, near Reading, was educated at Sand¬
hurst, and entered the Army in 1837 as Ensign in the 98th
Regiment. He was with the expedition to the north of China
in 1842. including the operations in the Yang-tse-Kiang. the
attack-and capture of Cbin-kiang-foo, and the operations
l»efore Nankin. He served as Brigade-Major to the Chusan
Field-Force, and under Brigadier-General Campbell, from
July. 1843, until the island was given up to the Chinese
authorities. In India, he acted as Aide-de-Cnmp to .Sir
Colin Campbell, commanding the third division of the
army iu the Sikh War of 1848-9, and was present at the
passage of the Chenab and the battles of Sadoolapore,
Chillianwallah, and Goozerafc. and in the pursuit of tho
Afghans to the Khyher Pass. In 1850, as Major, command¬
ing flank companies of the 98th Regiment, he was present at
tho forcing of the Kohat Pass, under Sir Charles Napier.
During this service he commanded a detached column for the
reduction of two villages and towers. In 1851, as Aide-de-
camp to Sir Colin Campbell, he was present at the operations
against the Momutid tribe on the North-West Frontier. In 1855
he proceeded to the Crimea with drafts anil took command of
the 1st Battalion Royal Regiment at the siege of Sebastopol,
afterwards serving as Assistant Adjutant-General of the
Highland Division until the evacuation of the Crimea. In
1859. when in command of the garrison of Hong-Kong, he was
Chief of the Staff of the army for service in the north of China,
and had the sole responsibility of the organisation of this force
until the arrival of Lieutenant-General Sir Hope Grant. The
rank of K.C.B. was conferred on him in 1873. His services, which
had several times been mentioned in despatches, were specially
recognised by Lord Herbert. Secretary of State for War, in
proposing a vote of thanks to the troops in the House of Lords.
He was Adjutant-General of the British forces in India from
May, 18G0. to February, 18G3, when he became Adjutant-General
of the Array, which office he held till November. 18G5 ; and
was instrumental in carrying out the reorganisation nnd
amalgamation of the Indian Army, which was effected during
that period. His name is several times mentioned in the “ Life
of Lord Clyde,” who had great esteem and affection for him.
Several of his comrades-in-arms attended his funeral, amongst
whom were General Sir Donald Stewart, Bart., General Sir
Martin Dillon, K.C.B.. and General Raven kill, R.A.
THE MONTROSE MEMORIAL, EDINBURGH.
This monument lias been erected in the cathedral of St.
Giles. at Edinburgh, in memory of the “Great Marquis of
Montrose," who was executed on May 21, 1050. The Gian
THF. MONTROSE MEMORIAL IN ST. GILES'S CHURCH, EOINHCHOH.
Graham and their friends have subscribed the money for
the memorial, which cost JG1 loo. Dr. Rowand Anderson,
F.R.I.B.A., was the designer of the work ; and Messrs. J. and
W. B. Rhind, of St. Helen's, Canibridgc-street, Edinburgh,
were the sculptors. Their recumbent figure, in white marble,
of the Marqnis in armour, and bearing a bronze sword grasped
in his right hand, forms a dignified composition, resting on a
black marble bier which tises from the sarcophagus, mounted
on a pedestal. The central panel of the frieze of the sarco¬
phagus is thus inscribed :—
Sc.uter my ashes, strew them tn the air,
Lent, since Thml knowesl where all these atoms are;
I'm ho,«Inl Thou-u recover ouee my .lust.
Anil continent Thou'it raiso lue with the just.
The principal feature of the design is a semi-circular arch,
deeply recessed, and flanked by two Corinthian pillars in black
and gold marble, with alabaster bases and caps. The wreaths
in the middle of the columns are also of alabaster. These
piers carry a frieze, entablature, and cornice, crowned by boys
supporting shields over the columns. Floral wreaths and
panels enrich the frieze. Rising over the cornice in the middle
is a central panel within a columned and pedimented niche,
quartered with the full coat of the Graham arms. The arched
recess behind the monument proper is divided into three
panels, formed with nlabaster mouldings, with a sculptured
inscription in the centre compartment. Tho width of the
composition is it ft., and the height 1.; ft. The style chosen is
the Renaissance of the seventeenth century.
The directors of the Gaslight and Coke Company have
resolved from and after Jan. 1 next to reduce the price of gas
to private consumers on the north side of the Thames to
2s. (id. per loot) cubic feet for common gas, and to 3s. Id. per
1000 cubic feet for cannel gas.
Amongst the passengers by the British and African Com¬
pany's steamer Calabar, which left the Mersey on Nov. 3 for
the West Coast of Africa, was Bishop Crowther. Well known
on the coast for his missionary and other work, principally in
the Niger district. Bishop Crowther, who is an African
native, is aa octogenarian.
THE RAILWAY ACCIDENT TO THE CZAR.
A Russian officer, who was an eye-witness of the perilons
accident on the Azov Railway, between Tnranovkn and Borki
on Oct. 29. by which the lives of the Emperor Alexander III.'
and the Empress were greatly endangered, sends ns a Sketch
of the Imperial train breaking up and falling off the embank¬
ment, It happened at noon, when the train was approaching
the Borki station. The train was drawn by two engines, and
was composed of several carriages, besides the Imperial saloon
carriage, which was of massive construction. There is a steep
incline, down which tile Imperial train travelled at a moderate
pace : but it seems certain that the disaster was due to the bad
state of tho line. Tie railway officials had superficially
repaired the line, instead of replacing some worn rails by new
ones, and the existing rails were not strong enough to support
the weight of the locomotives and large saloon carriages. It
was the carriage in which the Minister of Roads waB
travelling that ran off the line. The Czar and Czarina
and all their children, except the Grand Duchess Olga, were
in the Imperial saloon-carriage. The Emperor was jnst abont
to take coffee, which had been handed to him by a footman.
The latter was killed, likewise the dog, which was lying at
his Majesty’s feet. The flooring of the carriage collapsed, and
all the occupants were precipitated on to the ground. Fortun¬
ately, the train stopped immediately, its speed being only
about twenty-six miles an hour. The Grand Duchess Olga,
who happened to be in the next carriage, which was over¬
turned, was thrown out to a distance of several yards without
being hurt. Tears stood in the Czar's eyes when he found his
entire family were safe. He and the Empress lost no time in
helping the wounded. The Director of the Caucasian Rail¬
ways, JI. Alennikoff, who was to have been dismissed on acccunt
of the disaster, is reported to have shot himself in his office,
leaving a letter addressed to the Emperor Alexander. The
persons killed were Captain Uresch, Staff-Captain in the
courier service, a physician, a secretary, and another
official, two couriers, a’ chamber Cossack, a Chasseur, five
railway servants, and six soldiers of the Railway Battalion.
Eighteen other persons were injured. Baron Stjemval, Chief
Inspector of Railways, received a severe shock. The Emperor
has ordered provision to be made for the families of these
killed and injured. Their Majesties continued their journey
next day, arriving at Charkov on Oct. 31, where they visited
the patients in the hospital ; thence proceeding to Moscow,
nnd reaching Gatchina, their home near ,St. Petersburg, in
safety. _ _
THE SIKKIM EXPEDITION.
The brief history of the expedition successfully conducted by
Colonel W. Graham (Brigadier-General) from the Sikkim
territory in the Himalayas, north of Darjeeling, over the lofty
mountain passes of tho Thibet frontier to Chuinbi, has been
brought to a satisfactory conclusion. The hostile Thibetans
were speedily driven from those passes, at Tukola and Nitnla,
at Jalapla and Pemberingo, in about a week's marching and
fighting, towards the end of September : nnd, little shew of
defence being offered at Rinchingong. on the eastern side of
the mountain range, Chnmbi. the Thibetan residence of the
Rajah of Sikkim, was speedily occupied. The force then
returned to Gnatong. tho newly-constructed fort in Sikkim,
where the Rajah—who had not been hostile, but had been
under apparent compulsion as a vassal of the Lamas of
Thibet, though he owes equal allegiance to the British
Indian Government — soon arrived to declare bis loyalty;
and the Chinese Envoys in Thibet undertook to bring the
Lamas to terms of peace and amity. The fighting on
Sept. 23, when General Graham attacked the enemy's position,
defended by 7000 or 8000 men behind a wall, on the Tukola
Bulge, was the principal engagement. Four guns, three com¬
panies of the Derbyshire, and most of the Glioorkas formed
the left wing, where the main attack was intended. Colonel
Sir Benjamin Bromhead, Bart., with 300 Pioneers, formed the
centre : and the remainder of the Pioneers, with their two
gnus and G Company of the Derbyshire, the right wing. It
was a stiff climb up the hill. The Pioneers and Ghoorkns
behaved capitally, and it was a very pretty sight to see them
advancing. The Thibetans, however, did not wait until they
got to close quarters, hut abandoned the wall and fled across
the open towards the Ximla Ridge. The pursuit w?s carried
on as far as the Ximla Ridge ; the road was strewn with killed
and wounded, shot down ns they were running away. Colonel
Sir B. Bromhead. armed only with a walking-stick, jumped off
his pony and called on two Thibetans to surrender. Instead
of doing so they attacked him with swords, nearly severing
his right wrist, and slashing his right arm and leg. The baud
has been amputated at the wrist, and the elbow joint of the
right arm has been taken ont. This gallant officer, whose
Portrait wo give, served with high credit in the Afghan
War. and has been, since 18s.->, a Lieutenant - Colonel oil
tho Bengal Staff Corps, and in command of the 32nd
Bengal Native Infantry. He is the fonrth Baronet of
an ancient family, tho Bromheads of Thurlby Hall, Lincoln¬
shire. near Newark ; bis father was a Waterloo officer, and his
grandfather, Sir Gonville Bromhead. was a Lieutenant-General.
Major Bromhead, of “Rorkes Drift,” the hero of a famous
incident in the Znlu War of 1879, is his younger brother.
The photographs taken recently in Sikkim, which are
copied in onr Illustrations, have some interest; one represents
General Graham with several of his officers seated, and with
men of the Royal Artillery standing behind ; the other is a
view of Gnatong. _
Messrs. Marion and Co., of Soho-sqnare, have jnst brought
out a new band or detective photo-camera invented by McKellen.
The novel feature of this ingenious instrument is that tho
user can, at the very moment of taking the picture, see exactly
what he is going to get. Thus all disappointment or error is
avoided.
Another valuable addition has been made to the effective
strength of the Royal Navy by the completion for sea of the
new armour-plated’cruiser Tmmortalito. She has a displace¬
ment of 5000 tons, and is armed with two 22-ton guns, tell
5-ton guns, sixteen quick-firing gnus, and Whitehead torpedo-
tubes. The Immortality is one of the fastest armed cruisers
afloat, having attained a speed of 19’5 knots per hour at her
trial off Sheerness.
In compliment to Baron Henry De Worms for his
endeavours to abolish the foreign sugar-bounty system, ho
was recently entertained by the sugar-trade of Greenock in tho
Townhall Saloon, Provost Binnie, of Gonrock, presiding. In
the evening of the same day a pnblic meeting was held in the
Townhall, w hen a handsome casket was presented to tho l’aroti
by the Corporation. On the front of the casket is a view of
the Mnnicipal Bnildings. with arms and monogram of Baron
De Worms ; on the back is a view of sngar-refining by the
vacuum-pan, and of a sugar-cane mill; and on the ends are
views of Custom Honse Quay and Prince's Pier. The casket
was manufactured by Messrs. R. and W. Sorley. of Glasgow ;
who also made the cylinder containing an address from tLe
working-men of Greenock, presented at the same meeting.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
547
THE SILENT MEMBER.
With the Marquis of Salisbury smiling like Father Christmas
as he entered the House of Lords, red despatch-box under his
arm, the Ministry may be said to have resumed their Par¬
liamentary labours cheerfully enough on Tuesday, the Sixth
of November. There was the customary ripple of self-
satisfaction round the plump cherubic face of the Lord
Chancellor. With Lord Cross and Lord Cranbrook (fresh from
unveiling the white marble statue of the late Earl of Iddes-
leigh in the Central Hall of the Houses of Parliament), the
Duke of Rutland and Earl C'adogan, and one or two other
Ministers on the Ministerial bench near the Prime Minister,
thoGovernment put a bold front to the Opposition. Deserted
and lonely, indeed, looked the shadowy figure of Earl Gran¬
ville in the centre of the front Opposition bench. Their
Lordships, having met, found there was little business to
detain them, an l arranged to meet for the remainder of the
Session on Tuesdays only.
Lord Salisbury adroitly and discreatly avoided comment on
Lord Sackvillc’s slip by briefly referring Lord Granville to the
papers on this diplomatic storm in a tea-enp. The noble
Marquis spoke out boldly regarding the question of joint action
wi h Germany on the east coast of Africa. The Earl of
llarrowby seemed desirous that the ill odour incurred by the
German settlers in their conflicts with the natives should not
extend to Englishmen ; and the Bishop of Carlisle hoped that
any contemplated action on the part of the Government would
not injuriously affect the University Mission in that quarter
of Africa. Lord Salisbury pretty soon showed that he was in
fine voice. He spoke with accustomed clearness of style and
distinctness of delivery. It was with a view to firmly
grapple with the reviving Slave Trade, and to extinguish that
deplorable traffic, he explained, that her Majesty’s Government
had decided to join hands with Germany in a strong endeavour
to suppress it, the co-operation of England being limited to
naval action. It is to be hoped, however, that in the event of
any collateral advantages being within reach, the German
*• elephant ” will not leave the English “ whale ” in the lurch.
Mr. Gladstone, conspicuous by his absence from the front
Opposition bench of the House of Commons on the Sixth of
November, was nevertheless more prominently before the
public than any other statesman. The right hon. gentleman,
hale, erect, and hearty, lightly bore the weight of his seventy-
eight years, and set out with Mrs. Gladstone from Hawarden
Castle, the previous day. to pay his promised visit to Birm¬
ingham. Mr. Gladstone, who met with an enthusiastic
THE DURHAM COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
AT NEWCASTLE.
Her Royal Highness Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lome, on
Monday, Nov. 5, visited Newcastle-upon-Tyne, to open the first-
erected portion of a building for the Durham College of Science.
This institution, representing the faculties of science and
engineering in the University of Durham, is designed for the
educational service of the North of England—comprising
Northumberland and Durham, Cumberland, most of West¬
morland, and the Cleveland district. It is established at New¬
castle. as the commercial centre of the mining and manu¬
facturing district, and in a convenient local situation between
that of the University Colleges at Leeds, Manchester, and
Liverpool, to the south and south-west, and that of Edinburgh
and Glasgow, to the north and north-west. It is an incorporated
body, with numerous Governors and a Council, of which the
Warden of Durham University, the Very Rev. Dean Lake, is
President; Lord Armstrong. Sir Lowthian Bell, and other
well-known persons, are members of the Council. The College
provides teaching in literary and classical studies for the
Arts Faculty of the University, as well as complete courses
of instruction in mathematics, physics, chemistry, electricity,
mechanics, geology, natural history, mining, engineering,
metallurgy, and some branches of technical instruction, but not
to supersede workshop training in the use of tools. Its students
will alone be eligible to the science degrees of the University
and diplomas in engineering. The Principal of the college is
Dr. W. Garnett. Professor of Mathematics. The accommoda¬
tion in the buildings of the Institute and Coal Trade Cham¬
bers, at the Wood Memorial Hall, and in the College of
Medicine, has been found very inadequate. A plot of six acres
was therefore obtained, at Lax’s-gardens, near the end of North-
umberland-street, between Barrns Bridge and Castle Leazes,
towards Jesmond, within three-quarters of a mile of the
Central Railway Station. Two acres of this land are to be
occupied by the college premises, while the remainder will
have a high commercial value. Mr. Robert J. Johnson, of
Newcastle, is the architect of the buildings, which have been
carefully designed after inspecting, with the Principal and
other professors, many colleges of the same kind. The wing
that lias already been built, at a cost of £23.000, is about one-
third of the intended buildings. Externally, it is of the
English Jacobean style of architecture, partaking in some
features of the Tudor style : the front towards the Leazes will
be rather more ornate, with a row of pilasters, tall hay-
windows surmounted by gables, and a triple-arched portico,
THE PLAYHOUSES.
It was scarcely to be expected that there would bo no regrets,
no comparisons, or sighs, remembering what has been when
the Gaiety reopened for its annual burlesque season. I lay goers
are loyal as a body, they stick fast to their old friends, and it
was not surprising that Miss E. Farren should be sorely missed,
since she was absent from her accustomed post for the first
time for twenty rears. Think of that! Miss Farren
helped to open the 'Gaiety in the year IMW, and here she
has been dancing, singing, and winning new admirers ever
since. Mr. George Edwardes, like a careful manager,
did his utmost to provide a pleasant party. He couJd
not give us the sparkle of a Farren, or the humour of
a Leslie, or the grace of a Sylvia Grey or Letty Lind ; but
he gave “ the boys ” instead Miss Florence St.John, the very best
singer on the lighter operatic stage, and an excellent actress
into the bargain. He promoted the energetic Mr. Lonnen to
the first comedian’s place. He showed us one of the prettiest
and neatest burlesque actresses of recent times in Miss Jennie
M'Nulty, who abjures the vulgarities and coarse methods of the
modern music-hall school, and reminds one of the departed days
of Marie Wilton and her Strand companions. And what with
Mr. Stone, a new-comer called Fanny Robina. and three or four
clever girls who will dance themselves into favour some day,
a very fair compromise was made. The subject of the bur¬
lesque was as old as the hills. Mr. George R. Sims and Mr.
Henry Pettitt played a safe card with the eternal Faust. It,
at any rate, saved the audience the trouble of unravelling (he
mystery of the story ; the danger was that if it was proved
that the Gaiety “boys" knew the Frankenstein legend too little
there was just the chance that they might know that of “ Faust ”
too well. But both authors are experienced in stagecraft.
It would be difficult for them to make a mistake. Mr. Sims
can rhyme as well as Orlando, Rosalind, Touchstone, and
Autolycns combined. Versification is with him a natural
gift: and if some regrets are expressed that the story
of “Faust” is played very low down—to the life of bar¬
maids and bookmakers—it may be presumed that so
experienced an author has studied and understands his
audience. The young gentlemen in the stalls who stand up
and shriek like the wildest and most untutored gallery bo>a
at Drury-Lane at pantomime time, and who, disguised in
evening dress, imitate the manners of the cheery lads in shirt¬
sleeves, have clearly no wish for an entertainment of a very
advanced kind. Gretchen as a barmaid, and a running fire of
sporting slang, are good enough for such patrons of the play. So
the burlesque went as well as was expected.
llLAl'K MOl'STAIN EXPEDITION : MANAKI DANA, WHERE THE ENEMY MADE THEIR FIRST STAND.
CHARGE OF XORTIll MHEULAND FI SILIKK8 AND 3RD SIKHS DOWN THE LFNDIIA SPUR.
reception from the populace that thronged the streets, opened
his oratorical campaign the same day in the Birmingham
Townhall. and struck a sympathetic keynote when he heartily
expressed the hope that Mr. John Bright would soon be enabled
to rise from his bed of sickness, and be restored to health and
vigour. With a dialectical skill unimpaired by his great age,
Mr. Gladstone on this occasion, and in his subsequent speeches
to various large audiences in Birmingham, pleaded for Irish
Horae Rule. He touched on other reforms ; but that was the
burden of his argument: Ireland ; Ireland ; always Ireland.
The Right Hon. Arthur Wellesley Peel, the Speaker, was,
happily, in good health when he took the Chair on the Sixth
of November, the day the Commons reassembled for the winter
session. There was a thin attendance of members ; but many
familiar faces, imbued with health, were to be seen. The Recess
had evidently braced Mr. W. H. Smith and Mr. Goschen, Mr.
Henry Matthews and Mr. Edward Stanhope. Lord George Hamil¬
ton and Sir Michael Hicks-Beach. Mr. Ritchie and Mr. Raikes.
Sir Richard Webster alone, when he stole in from the Parnell
Commission, and joined his colleagues on the Treasury bench,
looked pale and worn. In pallor. Sir Charles Russell almost
equalled Sir Rickard on the front Opposition bench, whereon
were presently to be also noted the Marquis of Harrington,
flanked by Mr. C. R. Spencer instead of Mr. Joseph Chamberlain
(away on a connubial trip to America, on <///): Sir William
Harcourt, beaming from Birmingham, Mr. Arnold Morlev. and
Mr. Stansfeld. It was pleasant to see Lord Randolph
Churchill, Mr. Hanbury. Lord Charles Beresford, Mr.
Dillwyn, Mr. Henry Laboucberc, and Mr. Bradlaugh like¬
wise in tbeir places. Mr. II. W. Cross having taken
ms seat as the new member for the West Derby Division of
Liverpool, the Speaker read letters announcing the imprison¬
ment in Ireland of Mr. O’Kelly and Messrs. W. and J. Red¬
mond. The First Lord of the Treasury then so far resolved
himself into a counterfeit presentment of Oliver Twist that
be asked for “more” in the shape of “Supply.” In C'om-
?*?* var * ous members of the Ministry and of the Opposition
had full opportunity of demonstrating the benefits they had
derived from their holidays, and defended and criticised the
estimates with ability. And thus wags the world of
Parliament.
I may add that the Prime Minister lost no time in laying
° n ^7u ^ V 5 T a Pers referring to the Sackville incident;
ana that the Report of the Royal Commission on the Metro¬
politan Board of Works censures Mr. Fowler and Mr. Saunders
tor the malpractices revealed : but, at the same time, recog¬
nises the valuable services the Board, as a whole, had rendered
to London. Neither the deponent nor anyone else knows
wneu the Parnell Commission will be in a position to deliver
their report.
and a tower. The present block of buildings contain the
physical laboratory, the electricity testing-room and prepara¬
tion-room, the lecture-theatre for physics and mathematics,
an advanced lecture-room, and various subsidiary apartments,
constructed on the most advantageous plan.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
The news to the end of October from the expedition against
the hostile league of tribes in the mountains above Hazara, on
the northern frontier of the Punjaub, shows that nearly all of
them had been forced to submit, and to pay the fines imposed
upon them. On the 2$tb, a detachment under General Channec
entered Thakot. The road was less difficult than had been
anticipated, and there was no opposition, keeping the promise
made by the mountaineers to their Moollah: so the British
force only paraded through the villages, the pipers of the
Sea forth Highlanders (Ross-shire Buffs, the Duke of Albany’s)
leading. They encamped at Dora, the first village on the
return journey, belonging to a river tribe of Tliakotees living
near the Indus, here about 130 yards broad. Sharp firing was
opened in the afternoon behind some rocks. Next day the force
returned to Serai, as previously arranged, after burning Dora
and destroying with guns the town on the opposite side of the
river, to punish the unprovoked attack. The rear-guard was
followed up by the enemy. On the 30th, the detachment
retired farther* rejoining the column at Maidan, preparatory to
an advance against the Aliwals, unless their submission bo
made by Nov. 13. But this tribe has sent a deputation to
General M'Qneen asking for peace, and the expedition began
to return on Nov. 5.
We have received from Captain F. C. Carter, field intelli¬
gence officer with the first column of the Hazara Field-Force,
some further Sketches, which we now present ; one is that
of the men of the 2nd Battalion Northumberland Fusiliers,
numbering about sixty, and forty men of the 3rd Sikhs,
on Oct. 6, charging the enemy down the Lundba spur of
the mountain, after the capture of Doda. The enemy, who
numbered about 300, skirmished in splendid style after
their charge was repulsed. They lost twelve killed and
about thirty wounded. The loss on our side was two
wounded. “ One of our gallant foes,” says Captain Carter,
“ met his death by a Martini - Henry bullet in thq act
of trying to carry off a wounded comrade under fire.”
The other Sketch is that of the hillock at JIanaki Dana,
where the enemy made their first stand ; to the left-
hand, in the background, the Chittabut Peak rises 0000 ft.
high ; to the right, along the ridge of hills, the enemy are
seen advancing from Bilandkote and Trund. They were dis¬
lodged from this position by shell fire.
“THE MONK’S ROOM.”
When the theatre-goer is sated with a round of thrilling
melodrama, diverting farcical comedy, and more or less comic
opera and burlesque, a welcome change of dramatic diet may
lie found at the Globe Theatre. Though the menu may l»e
drawn up on somewhat old-fashioned lines, there is a “grip,”
there's a power in Mr. John Lart’s ragout of “The Monk’s
Boom ” that is eminently satisfying to the palate. This
weird play has the advantage of being enacted by an exceed¬
ingly strong company, including that admirable artist,
Mr. E. S. Willard, Mr. Hermann Vezin, Miss Alma Murray,
Miss Marion Lea. and Mr. Ivan Watson. These form the
effective closing tableau onr Artist has chosen for Illustration.
It is a tragic story that is set forth in “The Monk's Room.”
Returning to this gloomy, mystic chamber after many years
of absence abroad. Sir Darrell Erne (Mr. Willard) 90011 realises
that, in the words of Hood (quoted in the playbill) :—
O’er sill there hung n duulow tuul n fear;
A sense of mystery the spirit ilannteil,
Ami Halil, an plain n« whisper In the car.
The place w haunted I
It is haunted indeed ! In an old oak chest here Sir Darrell's
grandfather had deposited a woman he had murdered, an
ancient servitor. .Tabes Knlp, alone shoring the dead secret;
and the legend goes, according to lngnbrions Jobes, that the
tragedy may be repeated. Left alone with this comforting
assurance. Sir Darrell Erne is in no mood to be confronted in
this dismal room with the evil genius of his life, the wife
who had Btriveu to betray him, a Russian Nihilist beauty by
the name of Clotilde (Miss Marion Lea). They quarrel. .She
snatches up the knife that had been murderously used by
Sir Darrell's respected relative. In the struggle Clotilde un¬
wittingly stabs herself. Obviously, no hnndier place than the
aforesaid oaken chest ns a hiding-place for her body. Clotilde
is no sooner dropped therein than a change takes p’lacc in the
ancestral portrait above, and Sir Darrell stands aghast at tho
sight of what he believes to be the reproving look on “ the
Monk's" face sternly regarding him. Now, the key of the
play is that Sir Darrell iB persecuted by an inflexible Nihilist,
Conrad Lazanski (Mr. H. Vezin), the confederate of Clotilde ;
and that this Lazanski uses the secret he knows Sir Darrell
would guard from the world to wreck his connubial happiness,
break the heart of his faithful young wife (Miss Alma Murray \
and thus complete his revenge. The scene depicted shows how
the wily conspirator is defeated in the end by the opportune
appearance of a Russian nobleman, Connt Zoroff (Mr. Ivan
Watson) in company with Clotilde, who survived her injuries,
and who turns ont to have been married before she was
espoused to Sir Darrell. Whilst Lazanski falls to tho ground,
dying from heart disease. Sir Darrell Erne and his yonng wife
learn with relief that tbeir clouds have rolled by at last.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 10, 1888.—548
THE DURHAM COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.
Lady and Sir Darrell Erne
(Mies Alma Murray and Mr. Willard).
Conrad Lnzanskl
(Mr. Hermann Verin).
Clotfldr and Count /.oroff
(Miss Marlon Len and Mr. Iran Wauon).
SCENE FROM "THE MONK’S ROOM” AT THE GLOBE THEATRE.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 10, 1888 .—340
550
NOV. 10, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEIVs
MAGAZINES FOR NOVEMBER.
Ninitrrnth Century —The nlloi?o»l baneful effects of com-
|>etitive prize cram examinations on education at schools and
colleges and at the Universities have elicited an argument¬
ative protest, filling five pages, with fourteen pages of signa¬
tures, many being those of eminent physicians and surgeons :
with a pel i'tion to the Qtiwn fora Itoynl ( 'ommissiem of Inquiry,
and a request that the authorities of Oxford and t'amhridge and
other Universities, anil the head-masters of public and endotved
schools, may also set on font an inquiry into this subject.
Professor Max Miiller. Professor K. A. Freeman, ami Mr.
Frederic Harrison contribute forcible statements of their
opinions ndverse to the present examination system. In
opposition to another educational project or tendency of tins
day. that of giving technical instruction in specific trades and
industries in the popular schools. Lord Armstrong lias written
a second paper, replying to sir Lyon Playfair. The tveent
progress of architectural design with reference to the public;
buildings at Westminster is reviewed by Mr. Shaw Lefevre.
‘•A Scheme for the Unemployed." put forward by the
Rev. S. A. Barnett, of lVhiteeha|K>l, is that of sending
destitute able-bodied men. who cannot get work in Loudon,
to labour for some months on a training-fa: m. established
and managed by the Poor-Law guardians, with a view to
agricultural emigration. Mr. lltsdfioiio furnishes to the
student of English history a miiniie analysis of Queen Eliza¬
beth'* acts of legislation and administration regarding the
Church Establishment : but his eoneluding hint, that this
part of onr national institutions may perhaps he assailable
enough." is calculated to rouse lush political alarms. Mr.
•• Montague Crackrnthorpe." a gentleman not seeking to disguise
his identity, recommends the complete amalgamation of Con¬
servatives and Harrington Liberals in it solid I nionist party.
The other articles are by Mr. I!. E. Prothero. on the late
Emperor Frederick and "the New Herman)-:" by Iiaron
Ferdinand Rothschild, on the memoirs of a Comte tie Briennc.
who saw much of Cardinal Mazarin and of the early part of
the reign of Louis XIV. : by I»r. Villicrs Hanford, a reply to
certain rude attacks on Wagner, the musical and dramatic
composer: and l.v Mr. W. L. liees. a friend of the deposeti
King Malietoa. of Samoa, bringing grievous accusations against
the official agents of the Herman Empire m their conduct
towards that unfortunate native monarch. Certainly, if the
French had an .-where in the Pacific islands behaved with such
apparent treac'herv and high-handed violence, we should have
heard loud expressions of indignation: but "one man may-
steal a horse, while another may not look over the hedge.
Contrm/roro n/ It,,nor .-The published fragments of the
late Emperor Frederick's diary, written by him when Crown
Prince of Prus-ia during the Frem-h war. are examined by
Mr. Archibald Forbes, with a view to disprove the notion that
he was the originator of the project of the Herman Empire,
which Mr. Forbes believes, we think rightly, to have been a
cherished idea of the Crown Prince's father. King William,
from the beginning of his reign in Prussia, confirmed by the
victory over Austria in I*i'i. Dr. R. W. Dale's impressions of
Australia, which he recently visited on behalf of the Con¬
gregational Union, are verv bright and pleasant. The report
of the Commission on Elementary Education is discussed by
the Rev. Canon Gregory, with a moderate restatement of the
claims of schools established by voluntary efforts in which
there is definite religious teaching. Sir Robert Ball, an eminent
Dublin professor of astronomical and physical science, de¬
scribes the tremendous volcanic eruption of Krakatoa, in the
Straits of Sunda. five years ago. “The Religious Novel," by
the Very Rev. Dr. Randall Davidson, Dean of Windsor, is a
tardy and not very effective deprecation of “ Robert Elsmere.”
Mr. Ailiert Shaw explains the financial and political position
of the tariff question in the United States. A weighty,
learned, and comprehensive essay by the Rev. Principal
Fairbairn. dealing with a vital theme of theological history,
“ The Genesis of the Puritan Ideal," will command the atten¬
tion of earnest thinkers on religious questions. The account
which Mr. J. Theodore Bent gives us of a Turkish gentleman,
Hamdi Bey, Director of the Museum at Constantinople, a man
of European education, an artist and an enthusiastic archteo-
logist, has a piquant air of novelty, in contrast with common
notions of the hidebound Turkish mind. If anybody still
wants materials for the dreary controversy on the Irish Land
Question, the statistical labours of Archbishop Walsh may
serve a political purpose.
National 1/rrinr .—Remedies for the evils of the “sweating
system " in the manual industries of the East-End of London
are discussed by Mr. Arthur Baumann. M.P., who advocates
restrictions on foreign immigrants, factory inspection of all
workshops, and sanitary regulations, which by transferring
much of the work to country villages, would relieve the
pressure in London. Mr. James Munro discourses of deer¬
shooting in Scotland. The sectarian violence of some Welsh
newspapers is complained of by Mr. Edmund Vincent. A
French estimate of Lord Randolph Churchill is translated
from the /fi rm- dm lhux Mondm. Two medical men. Dr.
Roy and Mr. Adami, jointly defend the wearing of stays and
waist-belts, in the paper read before the British Association and
here printed. The Rev. Dr. F. U. Lee relates the history
of aid given in England to the exiled F'rench clergy. Mr. W.
Seton Karr censnres the Indian Government of Lord Ripon for
its dealings with grants for ecclesiastical purposes. ‘-The
Oratory of the House of Commons " is rather feebly satirised
by Mr. C. W. Radcliffe-Cooke. M.P., whose parliamentary ex¬
perience is not very old. Mr. E. Salmon enlarges on the benefit
that might be gained by making the theatre an instrument of
good moral teaching for the people. The revenue and expendi¬
ture of the University of Cambridge are analysed by the Rev.
Professor H. F. Browne, who has met persons in society
marvellously ignorant of this matter, one believing that the
Universities and Colleges have about £31X1 a year of revenue
for each undergraduate ! but what was said may have been
misunderstood.
Fortnightly Jlrrirtr .—No question concerning the admin¬
istration of onr national affairs is now more urgent than
“What our Navy should be.’” Three high authorities,
Admiral Sir Thomas Symonds, Admiral Sir Geoffrey Phipps
Hornby, and Admiral Lord Alcester, here deliver their testi¬
mony, declaring that, in case of war, we could neither blockade
the French [torts nor protect our maritime trade; that we
need thirty new ironclads, 2f>0 more fast cruisers, and a
large number of smaller vessels, with 3000 more sailors
and as many Royal Marine Artillery, and great enlargement of
naval docks. Meantime, let us avoid quarrelling with France.
The Rev. Canon Taylor follows np his criticism of the manage¬
ment of the Church Missionary Society by contrasting the
scale of its financial expenditure, and the work done for it,
with the vastly greater efficiency of the results obtained by
the Universities Mission to Central Africa at a much smaller
cost. “Where is Stanley.’” is the question on which Mr. II.
H. Johnston, who has been tip the Congo with Stanley, writes
in a hopeful strain, believing that Stanley has for months past
been sojourning with Emin Pasha, and suggesting the likeli¬
hood of his returning westward through Darfur and
employments to
animals have be,
kitchen fnrm-pit
i-arts. as smi-ge
Wadai to the Niger. Mr. William Morris discourses
Oil the revival of artistic handicraft as an element of social
reform. Lord Compton relates a visit to the ruins of 1 aliuvra.
dwelling on the romantic history of g:ieen Zenobia s fall. I he
actual performances of British official skill and integrity in
the internal improvement of Egypt since 1*s:t are precisely
indicated bv an anonymous m iter. Mr. * redone Harrison s
earnest and'reverent explanation of the religious sentimen ts
which he finds compatible with the Positivist mode of thought
cannot hut enhance our personal esteem for him. though
readers who commend his spirit may still consider his views
to he erroneous or inadequate to solve the problem of the
spiritual life. The recent severe criticism of Mr. Rider
1 laggard's romances is smartly vindicated hv its writer against
the’'” ipse dixit" of Mr. Andrew Lang.
ftlneh wood's Magazine. —The story of “A Stiff-necked
Generation" reaches its thir’tv-third chanter: we shall soon
read it in three volumes. Mrs. Oliphunt is evidently the
author of "On the Dark Mountains." a solemn and pathetic
religious prose-poem, in which “The Little Pilgrim ’ is again
hit ith! need. A memoir, or the review of a biography, of the
late Major-General Sir Charles MacGregor does ample justice
to his merits as a good soldier and practical adviser of military
affairs on the Indian frontier. The admin is r ration and dis¬
cipline of female convict, prisons, described by an official
visitor, but in a spirit of sympathetic compassion, are the
subject of an article called “Scenes from a Si but World."
Mr. W. W. Story’s poem, “The Death of Antony." is the
imaginary address of the dying Roman to Cleopatra : but it
is not. an excellent specimen of poetry. “ Professions for Dogs
is a curious title: but Miss C. F. Gordon-Cumining justifies
its use bv her account of the different special crafts and
hich the various kinds of those useful
trained : as hunters, as house-guards, as
as shepherds’ assistants, as drawers of
s. as military sentinels, as carriers of
... of criminals, and in the police service.
“ On the Wallaby Track " is. of course, a tale of adventures in
the Australian Rush. An interesting study of antiquarian
topography is presented in Mr. John Russell's description of
the “ ('atrail.’’ or Piets’ Wark Ditch, running from Gala
Water, on Tweed.-ide. to Peel Fell on the Cheviots, and
supposed to have been constructed by the Piets after the
Roman garrison withdrew from Britain early in the fifth
century. Then? is a review of Mrs. Oliphant’s " Life of the
late Principal Tulloeh."
Murray's Maya:inr .—Sir Charles Warren, the Commissioner
of Metropolitan Police, rather haughtily lectures the in¬
habitants of London, and especially the London Press, on
their alternate needless panics at the failure to detect the
perpetrators of hideous crimes, and apprehensions of some
defect in the existing police organisation, contrasted with fits
of applause for the occ sional examples of signal bravery and
loyalty characteristic of policemen as a class of public
servants. These sentiments, however, may be reconciled more
easily than he seems to think by considering, as many do. that
the defect to be remedied lies in the defective staff or
in its methods of procedure: and his minute detail of
the legal powers and ordinary duties of his force, much of
which had been set forth in the “Manual" of Mr. Howard
Vincent with equal precision, does not furnish all the inform¬
ation that we desire on that part of the subject. The author
of “The Silence of Dean Maitland” continues “ The Reproach
of Annesley.” Mr. F. L. Moir. one of the managers of the
African Lakes Company, pleads for British help to fight the
slave-trading Arabs and their marauding native allies, whose
atrocious cruelties have been abundantly exposed. ” Beer town-
upon-Trent,” we need hardly say. is Burton, and here is a
striking description of the great beer manufacture of that
town. Mr. A. M. Wakefield, relating the early history of
English music, treats of the old carols. There is a short, tale,
“An Unexpected Visit" : several chapters of another. “A Good
Old Family” ; and a wise little moral essay on Hesiod's very
true saying, that “ the half is more than the whole."
Macmillans Magazine. —Mr. Bret Harte's " Oressv ” is con¬
tinued ; and Mr \V. Clark Russell commences “Marooned."
which sailors’ word, signifying the situation of being put
ashore on a desolate island by pirates or mutineers, promises
to be verified in the experiences of the gentleman embarking
on board a sailing-brig to escort a young lady from London to
Rio Janeiro. Mr. Arthur Benson’s study of the poet Gray, and
a lively critical essay on historical romances and poems, have
some literary interest. “Seas and Rivers" will attract the
sentimental lover of Nature. The description of Mount
Pentelicus and Marathon, and Greek peasant life, has an
agreeable freshness.
Longman's Magazine .— Chapters are added to Mr. D.
Christie Murray’s tale, “A Dangerous Catspaw." A scheme to
supersede “payment by results" in Government aid of
elementary schools is expounded by Mr. J. If. Yoxall. Messrs.
Walter Pollock and Brander Matthews combine to producer
short tale called “Mated by Magic." Miss May Kendall's
“Barbara" is a tenderly humorous picture of the mental
vagaries of some academical young ladies bewildered with
“higher education.” Frogs and herrings are described*by
competent naturalists.
77 me.— Church-work .and church-workers are discussed by
the Rev. Harry Jones, a well-known London clergyman. There
are strictures on a recent article by Mr. George Moore con¬
cerning the habits of actors and actresses. Mr. Henry Jephson
recommends Ireland for the sport of grouse-shooting. Two
young ladies, not too young but “ in their twenties.” have
enjoyed a walking tour in Derbyshire. “ A Forgotten Corner
of England.” which is the peninsula of Selsey. in West Sussex,
is agreeably described. “The Novelists of the Restoration."
including Mrs. Manley and Mrs. Aphra Bohn, may betallowed
a very small niche in literary history. “ Kophctua XIII."
approaches its conclusion.
English Illustrated Magazine. —Mr. H. Hyland's designs to
illustrate the “ Morte d’Arthur," with the analytic commentary
on that old romance, and Mr. A. M'Cormick’s sketches of
antiquated buildings in Southwark associated with Dickens's
stories, will engage the reader’s notice. “The House of the
Wolf,” an historical romance of the French Huguenots, and
Mr. F. Marion Crawford's Roman story, “ Sant' Ilario,” are
continued.
Cornhill Magazine .—“French Janet” and “ A Life’s Morn¬
ing ” are proceeding ; there is also a short tale. “ Chaloner's
Best Man.” “ A Coach Drive at the Lakes,” iR a title neeiling
no explanation. The Notes by a Naturalist ” are those of an
autumn ramble over the hills of West Surrey.
Gentleman's Magazine .—“ Shakspeare without End,” by
Mr. II. Schiitz Wilson, is a gathering of a few personal details
from the researches of Mr Halliwell-Phillipps. The useful
St. John Ambulance Association is compared with the
Crusading Order—that of Jerusalem, Cyprus, Rhodes, and
Malta—from which it takes its name. The Rev. S. Baring
Gould relates the tragical murder of Winekelmann, the
learned German art-critic, by a robber's hand at Trieste
in 17fi'. Mr. Alexander 0. Ewald revives the reminiscences
of irregular marriages in the Fleet Prison. The great
English novelist, Henry Fielding, had a sister, Sarah Fielding,
of whose contriluuions to that kind of literature we lentn
something from Miss Clementina Block. Dr. A. H. Japp
supplies an instructive treatise on quinine and the chinchona
plant.
Temple liar. —We have already reviewed “From Yoor
Isles." Mr. W. E. Norris is near putting an end to ”’lhe
Rogue,” and “ The Ugly Miss Lorrimer ” has come to her end.
There arc several brief tales here; an article on New York:
one on Montserrat, in the West Indies, and one on the mud-
bath establishment of Franzensbad, in Bohemia.
Jlelgraria. —This magazine is filled with stories, including
the latter chapters of “ Undercurrents," by the author of
“ Phyllis ’’ and " Molly Bawn ” ; and Miss Sarah Tytier's
“ Black hall Ghosts.”
H'.owrtw'x World .—This elegant magazine for ladies, edited
by Mr. Oscar Wilde, maintains its pretensions as a journal of
taste and fashion and feminine charities; but it may be doubted
whether an article on Guy de Maupassant is quite in place.
Mrs. Eliot-James writes of “ Shopping in London"; Mrs.
Fawcett, of “Women's Suffrage”; and Lady Wilde, of Irish
peasant tales. Ostrich-rearing in South Africa, featlier-fans,
embroidery, liair-dressing, and housewifery are treated by
different writers. There are many good engravings.
The Theatre. — Mr. Clement Scott’s monthly review of
dramatic and musical entertainments has a serviceable function
to perform. It is adorned with photographs of Miss Edith
Woodworth and Mr. Richard Mansfield. The editor writes a
feeling personal memoir of the late Mr. J. M. Levy ; there is
also an account of Talma, the great French tragedian, who
died in 182*1.
The Century. —We are glad that American readers of this
excellent magazine should have so good an account of the
City Companies or Guilds of London, written by Dr. Norman
Moore, warden of Bartholomew’s Hospital, with illustrations
by Mr. Joseph Pennell, an American artist. A ]>oitrait of
Lord Nelson, the frontispiece to this number, accompanies the
publication of twenty-four private letters, never before printed,
which he wrote to Admiral Sir Thomas Troubridge from the
Baltic in 1801. before and after the bombardment of Copen¬
hagen. The Rev. Dr. Robinson’s topographical dissertation on
the probable site of Calvary is based on the views of Mr.
Fisher Howe, so long ago as 1871, confirmed by later examin¬
ations. The descriptions ot Russian convict prisons in Siberia,
and the history of the American Civil War, are continued.
Harper's Monthly. —Some of the wood-engravings arc
exquisitely fine in execution. The scenery of the Lower St.
Lawrence is described in the first article. Mr. Theodore Child
gives an account of the museum of the history of Paris, in the
Hotel Carnavalet, once the residence of Madame De Ftvigne.
Elk-hunting in the Rocky Mountains, the Tagus with 41.*
Portuguese boats and boatmen, the Bench and Bar at >tw
Orleans, and the New York Real Estate Exchange, are topics
sufficiently wide apart. Mr. .and Mrs. Pennell end their
“Journey to the Hebrides" by going round to the cast, const
of Scotland.
Serihner's Magazine. —In his estimate of the late Matthew
Arnold’s literary work. Mr. Augustine Birrell shows not an
unfriendly spirit, but he disparages, more than sufficiently,
the merits of that accomplished master of free-thinking
criticism, while doing justice to his poetry. The late General
Sheridan's narrative of his observations as a witness ef tl.c
German military exploits from Gravelotte to 8edan is of some
historical value ; it is accompanied by a good portrait of ilmt
distinguished soldier. The everyday life and labours of rm'l-
road men in the United States are described in an articb
furnished with nineteen special illustrations. Mr. R. L.
Stevenson contributes the first chapter of a new Scottish
story, “The Master of Ballantrne." and reminiscences of lfe
own youthful experiences at Wick, as pupil to an engineer.
. “SAUCE FOR THE GOOSE.”
One is tempted now and then to provoke the anger of pedantic
etymologists by wantonly hazarding a suggested derivation of
some word that one knows to be more than questionable : it
may serve as a sort of pun. which is no inapt weapon of
defence against those who are too serious about trifles. Let
this be the apology /or boldly declaring that “sauce” and
“souse " are just the same; and that to pour a bucketful of
cold water over a living bird is a similar .operation to the
introduction of a spoonful of savoury condiment into the dish
or the dinner-plate containing a portion of its flesh. The
proper “ sauce ” for goose—not the human goose, who is often
saucy enough by nature—may be determined by gastronomic
art or science ; we prefer apple-sauce, but that is a matter of
opinion, not of “ reason," like the “ roasting of eggs.” If any¬
body were minded deliberately to eat gander, instead of goose,
as some have been reported to eat bull-beef—it isto he hoped with
plenty of mustard—the precepts of natural equity, as between
the sexes, would recommend the application of the same kind
of sauce to which the goose is accustomed, or rather to which,
more strictly speaking, she has to look for her final beatifica¬
tion and consecration to the human feast. But we are assured
by a knowing poet—the author of the “Essay on Man," who
might with equal wit and wisdom have written an “ Essay on
Goose." treating these subjects with much philosophic analogy
from a moralist's point of view—that the feathered biped of
the farmyard has no idea of serving or being served, with or
without any sauce, for the gluttonous repast of that silly race,
the “ two-legged animals without feathers," wh<5 take the
trouble to feed her and to fatten her as long as she lives:—
While Man exeliilms. 11 See. all thlnirs for uiy uw!"
We shall not pretend—being neither Pope nor moral philo¬
sopher—to decide whether the goose or the man is the greater
goose, when it comes to that extreme of artificial epicurism, the
manufacture and consumption of a “pate de foie gras,"
one of the foolishest things invented since the Roman s
dish of nightingales' tongues. All that need be said in
excuse for Sim Meeks, an Englishman of the seventeenth
century, to judge from his costume, who is detected in the act
of ducking a goose, or at least drenching one with the water
from his ready pail, stands already patent in the humorous
artist's drawing. This honest fellow keeps a stall of kitchen
vegetables, the innocent produce of industrious gardening,
which he is anxious to protect from the rapacious beaks ol
immoral and unmannerly customers of the poultry persuasion,
mere Communists and Anarchists, rebelling against both
Episcopalian and Presbyterian doctrine—a sort of Anabaptist
professors of universal license, odious to sober Roundheads in
the time of the Commonwealth. So he lifts his bucket, with
the approval of his faithful partner, and gives them a cooling
‘souse,” which will admonish them to behave more prudently,
and bv which, though less than “ immersion," something more
than -'sprinkling," the original sin of their nature may tor a
time be chastened, if not, effectually subdued. This goose,^at
any rate, will not say of England, with the Frenchman, * vvnac
a country, to have five hundred religions, and only one sauce .
nov. 10 , ms
THE ILLUSTRATED LOUDON NEWS
551
lhe method and practice of professional instruction for artists
in Paris may now be considered the most efficacious, for
intelligent and industrious students, to be found in any
European city ; and the high degree of technical skill, by
which a number of French painters are distinguished, proves
the general excellence of their training. At the same time,
Sir J, E. Millais, on a recent occasion, gave a warning to
some of our own art-students against being led too far in the
direction of Parisian discipleship. '• There is among us,” he
said, a band of young men who, though English, persist in
painting with a broken French accent, all of them much
alike, and seemingly content to lose their identity in their
imitation of French masters, whom they arc constitutionally
unable to copy with justice either to themselves, or to their
models.” It may be true that the legitimate function of art-
schools is that of teaching the processes, and not the effects, of
art; but the learning of processes is the very advantage
to be gained by the custom, frequent among notable French
artists, of admitting pnpils to their studios and allowing these
to see them at work. The practice of attempting to copy great
and admired works in the public Galleries may be commend¬
able at a certain stage of the artist's education ; and the noble
collections in the Louvre, perhaps more abundantly than our
own National Gallery, present examples suitable to form the
style of a modern painter. It is one thing to learn the history
of Art; another to acquire practically, by experiment, somo
knowledge oE the means by which its finest effects have been
produced, and of the extent to which these means are still
available for the uses of the present day. Descending, how¬
ever, from these serious considerations, we have merely to
notice the constant attendance of students at the Louvre ;
especially the devoted zeal of the lady students, who belong to
various nationalities, and who come armed with their palettes,
bundles of brushes, and mahlsticks, in a rather formidable
array. They are so terribly in earnest, and have so little time
to spare—many of them being dependent on scanty and pre¬
carious earnings—that small heed is taken of the niceties of
feminine dress, and coquetry is banished from their deport¬
ment ; but we nevertheless applaud their industrious toil.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 10, 1888
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESAKT,
CHAPTER XXXV.
THE WHITE SLAVE.
HEN we dropped
Anchor in the port
or rood of Carlisle
Bay we were
boarded by a 1111m-
SK ber of gentlemen,
a) who welcomed the
E' Captain, asked him
. the news, and
drank with him.
I meantime kept
my cabin, knowing
» that i must shortly come
forth; and presently I
heard the boatswain’s
pipe, and the order to all
i he prisoners to come on deck.
Then one knocked softly at my
door. 11 was the Captain.
" Madam,” he said, with a
troubled voice, “it is not too
late. SutVi r me, I pray you, to
enter your name as one of those
/si ft'lSsrtn) 'vhnrii.-ii on the voyage. It is no
t - er great ih.ption; the villain
-ianiVte — p, mu will alone be hurt by it;
and I sue.tr to take you home,
and to place you until better
times with honest and Godfearing people in London.”
“Oh! Sir!” I replied, “tempt me not, I pray you. Let
me go forth and take my place among the rest.”
He entreated me again, but finding that he could not
prevail, he suffered me to come out. Yet, such w r os his kind¬
ness to the last that he would not place me with the rest, but
caused his men to give me a chair on the quarter-deck. Then
I saw that we were all to be sold. The prisoners were drawn
up standing in lines, one behind the other, the men on one
side and the women on the other. The hardships of the voyage
had brought them so low that, what with their rags and dirt, -
and their dull scowls and savage faces, and their tliiu, pule
cheeks, they presented a forbidding appearance indeed.
Three or four gentlemen (they were, I found, planters of
the island) were examining them, ordering them to lift up their
arms, stretch out their legs, open their mouths, and, in short,
treating them like so many cattle; at which the women laughed
with ribald words, but the men looked as if they would
willingly, if they dared, take revenge.
" Faugh !" cried one of the planters. “ Here is a goodly
collection indeed ! The island is like to become the dust-lieap
of Great Britain, where ail the rubbish may be shot. Captain,
how long before these bags of bones will drop to pieces r Well,
sweet ladies and fuir gentlemen ”—lie made a mock bow to the
prisoners—“ you are welcome. After the voyage, a little
exercise will do you good. You will find the air of the fields
wholesome ; and the gentlewomen, I assure you, will discover
that the drivers and overseers will willingly oblige any who
want to dance witli a skipping-rope.”
There were now twenty or thirty gentlemen, all of them
merchants and planters, on board, and a man stepped forward
with a book and pencil in hand, who was, 1 perceived, tho
salesman.
“ Gentlemen,” he said, “ this parcel of servants ” (he called
them a parcel, as if they were a bale of dry goods) “ is con¬
signed to my care by Mr. George l’enne, of Bristol, their
owner. They are partly from that city and partly from
Loudon, though shipped at the port of Bristol. A tedious
voyage, following after a long imprisonment in Newgate and
Bridewell, hath, it is true, somewhat reduced them. But there
are among them, as you will find on examination, many lusty
fellows and stout wenches, and I doubt not that what you buy
to-day will hereafter prove good bargains. They are to be sold
without reserve, and to the highest bidder. Robert Ball"- be
read the first name on the list—“ Robert Bull, shoplifter. Stand
forth. Robert Hull.”
There arose from the deck where he had b. en lying a poor
wretch who looked as if he could hardly stand, wasted with
fever and privation, his eyes hollow (yet they looked full of
wicked cunning . The planters shook their heads.
“Come, gentlemen,” said the salesman, “we must not
judge by appearances. He is at present, no doubt, weak, but
not. so weak as he looks. I warrant a smart cut or two of the
whip would show another man. Who bids for Robert Bull '■ ”
He was sold after a little parley for the sum of five pounds.
Then the speaker called another, naming his offence as a
qualification. No pillory could be more shameful. Yet the
men looked dogged and the women laughed.
The sale lasted for three or four hours, the prisoners being
knocked down, as they say, for various sinus, the greatest
price being given for those women who were young and strong.
The reason, I hove been told, is that the womeu make better
servants, endure the heat more .patiently, do not commonly
drink the Btrong spirit which destroys the men, and, though
they are not so strong, do more work.
Last of all, the man culled my name. “ Alice Eykin,
Rebel. Stand forth, Alice Eykin, Rebel.”
” Do not go down among them,” said the Captain. “ I.ct
them see at once that yours is no common case. Stand here.”
He led me to the top of the bidder or steps which they call
the companion—leading from the waist to the quarter-deck.
“Madam,” he said, “it will be best to throw back your
hood.”
This I did. and so stood before them all bareheaded.
(>h ! ye who are women of gentle nurture, think of such
a thing ns this: to stand exposed to the curious gaze of rough
and ribald men; to be bought and sold like a horse or an ox
nt the fair! At first my eyes swam and I saw nothing, and
should have fallen but that the Captain placed his hand upon
my arm, and so I was steadied. Then my sight cleared, and I
could look down upon the faces of the men below. There was
no place whither I could tty and hide. It wonld be more
sham iful still fbecause it might make them laughl to burst
into tears. Why, I thought, why had I not accepted the
Captain’s offer and suffered my name to be entered as one of
those who had died on the voyage and been buried in the sea ?
Down in the waist the gentlemen gazed, and gasped in
astonishment. It was no new thing for the planters to buy
political prisoners. Oliver Cromwell sent over a shipload of
Irishmen first, and another shipload of those engaged in the
rising of Penruddoek and Grove (among them were gentlemen,
divines, nnd officers, of whom a few yet survived on the
island). But as yet no gentlewoman at all had been sent out
forpoliti al reasons. Wherefore. I suppose, they looked so
•AU RigkU /7. tfrved.
amazed, nnd gazed first nt me and then nt one another nnd
then gasped for breath.
“ Alice Eykin, gentlemen,” said the salesman, who had a
tongue which, as they say, ran upon wheels, “is n young
gentlewoman, the daughter, I uni informed, of the Rev.
Comfort Eykin, Doctor of Divinity, deceased, formerly Rector
of Bradford Oreas, in the county of Somerset, and some time
Fellow of his college at Oxford, a very learned Divine. She
hath had the misfortune to have taken part in the Monmouth
Rebellion, and was one of those Maids of Taunton who gave the
Duke his Flags, as you have heard by the latest advices.
Therefore, she is sent abroad for a term of ten years.
Gentlemen, there can be no doubt that ber relations will not
endure that this young lady—as beautiful as she is unfor¬
tunate, and as tender ns she is beautiful—should be exposed
to the same hard treatment ns the rogues and thieves whom
you have just had put up for sale. They will, I am privately
assured”—I heard this statement with amazement—“gladly
purchase her freedom, after which, unless she is permitted to
return, the society of our Colony will rejoice in the residence
among them of one so lovely and so accomplished. Meantime,
she must be sold like the rest.”
“ Did Monmouth make war with women for his followers? ”
asked a gentleman of graver aspect than most. “ I, for one,
will have no part or share in such •traffic. Are English gentle¬
women, because their friends are rebels, to be sent, into the
fields with the negroes ? ”
“ Your wife would be jealous,” said another, and then they
all laughed.
I understood not until afterwards that the buying and
selling of such a person as I appeared to be is a kind of
gambling. That is to say, the buyer hopes to get his profit,
not by any work that his servant should do, but by the ransom
that his friends at home should offer. And so they began to
bid, with jokes rude and unseemly, and much laughter, while
I stood before them still bareheaded.
“Ten pounds,” one began; “Twelve,” cried another;
“Fifteen,” said a third; and so on, the price continually
rising, and the salesman with honeyed tongue continually
declaring that my friends (as he very well knew) would consent
to give any ransom—any—so only that 1 was set free from
servitude: until, for sixty pounds, no one offering a higher
price, I was sold to one whose appearance I liked the least of
any. He was a gross, fat man, with puffed cheeks and short
neck, who had bought already about twenty of the servants.
“ Be easy,” he said, to one who asked him how he looked
to get his money back. “ It Is not for twice sixty pounds that
I will consent to let her go. What is twice sixty pounds for a
lovely piece like this ? ”
Then the Captain, who had stood beside me, saying-nothing,
interfered.
“ Madam,” he said, “ you eon put up youi hood again.
And harkee, Sir,” he spoke to the planter, “remember that
this is a pious and virtuous gentlewoman, and ’’—here he swore
mound oath—“if I hear when I make this port again that
you have offered her the least freedom—you shall answer to me
for it. Gentlemen all,” he went on, “1 verily believe that
you will shortly have the greatest windfall that hath ever
happened to you, compared with which the Salisbury Kising*was
but a flea-bite. For the trials of the Monmouth rebels were
already begun when 1 left the port of Bristol, and though the
Judges ure sentencing all alike to death, they cannot hang
them all—therefore his Majesty's plantations, and Barbadoes
in particular, will not only have whole cargoes of stout and
able-bodied servants, compared with whom these poor rogues
are like so many worthless weeds; but there will also be
many gentlemen, and perhups gentlewomen—like Madam
here—whose freedom will be bought of you. So that I
earnestly advise nnd entreat you not to treat them cruelly,
but with gentleness and forbearance, whereby you will be the
gainers in the end, and will make their friends the readier to
find the price of ransom. Moreover, you must remember that
though gentlemen may be flogged at whipping-posts, and
bent over the head with canes, as is your habit with servants
both black and white, when the time of their deliverance
arrives they will be no longer slaves but gentlemen again, and
able once more to stand upon the point of honour and to run
you through the body, ns you will richly deserve, for your
barbarity. And in the same way any gentlewomen who may be
sent here have brothers and cousins who will be ready to
perform the same net of kindness on their behalf. Remember
that very carefully, gentlemen, if you please.”
The Captain spoke to all the gentlemen present, but in the
Inst words lie addressed himself particularly unto my new
master. It was a warning likely to be very serviceable, the
planters being one and all notoriously addicted to beating and
whipping their servants. And I have no doubt that these
words did a great deal towards assuring for the unfortunate
gentlemen who presently arrived such consideration and good
treatment as they would not otherwise have received.
The island of Barbadoes, as many people know, is one of the
Caribby Islands. It is, as to size, a small place, not more
than twenty miles in length by fifteen in breadth, but in
population it is a very considerable place indeed, for it is said
to have as many people in it as the City of Bristol. It is com¬
pletely settled, and of the former inhabitants not one is left.
They were the people called Indians or Cnribs, and how they
perished I know not. The island hath four ports, of which the
principal is that of St. Michael or the Bridge, or Bridgetown, in
Carlisle Bay. The heat by day is very great, and there is no
winter, but summer ull the year round. There is, however, a
cool breeze from the sea which moderates the heat. A great
number of vessels call here every year (there is said to be one
every day, but this I cannot believe). They bring to the
island all kinds of European manufactures, and take away
with them cargoes of Muscovada sugar, cotton, ginger, and
logwood. The island hath its shores covered with plantations,
being (the people say) already more thickly cultivated than
any part of England, with fewer waste places, commons, and
the like. The fruits which grow here are plentiful and
delicious—such as the pineapple, the pappau, tne guava, the
bonnnnow, and the like—but they arc not for the servants and
the slaves. The fertility of the country is truly astonishing;
and the air, though full of moisture, whereby knives and tools
of all kinds quickly rust and spoil, is considered more healthy
than that of anv other West Indian island. But, for the poor
creatures who have to toil in the hot sun, the air is full of
fatigue nnd thirst; it is laden with fevers, calentures, and
sunstrokes. Death is always in their midst; mid after death,
whatever awaits them, cannot, l think, be much worse than
their condition on the island.
After the sale was finished, the Captain bade me farewell,
with tears in his eyes, and we were taken into boats and con¬
veyed ashore, I, for my part, sitting beside my purchaser,
who addressed uo word at all to me. I was, however, pleased
to find that mining the people whom he hail bought was the
girl Deb, who had been my maid (if a woman who is a convict
may have a maid who is a sister-convict). When we landed,
we walked from the quay or landing-place to a great building
like a barn, which is called a barraeoon, in which are lodged
the negro slaves nnd servauts before they go to their masters.
But at tills time it was empty. Hither came presently a certain
important person in a great wig and a black coat, followed by
two negro beadles, and carrying a long cane or stick. After
commanding silence, this officer read to ns in a loud voice
those laws of the colony which concern servants, and especially
those who, like ourselves, are transported for various offences
1 forget what these laws were; but they seemed to be of ii
cruel and vindictive nature, and all ended with flogging and
extension of flic term of service. I remember, for instance—
because the thought of escape from a place in the middle of
the ocean seemed to me mad—that, by the law, if anyone
should be caught endeavouring to run away, he should be
first flogged and then made to serve three years after his
term was expired; and that no ship was allowed to trade with
the island or to put in for water, unless the captain had
given security with two inhabitants of the island in the sum
of £2000 sterling not to curry off any servant without the
owner’s consent.
When these laws had been read, the officer proceeded,
further, to inform us that those who were thus sent out were
sent to work as a punishment; that the work would be hard,
not light; and that those who shirked their work, or were
negligent in their work, would be reminded of their duties in
the manner common to Plantations; that if they tried to run
away they would most certainly be t aught, because the island
was but small; and that win n they were caught, not only
would their term of years be increased, but that they would
most certainly receive a dreadful number of lashes. He added,
further, that as nothing would be gained by malingering,
sulking, or laziness, so, on the other hand, our lot might be
lightened by cheerfulness, honesty, and zeal. A more surly, ill-
conditioned crew I think he must lim e never before harangued.
They listened, and on most faces [ read the determination to
do no more work than was forced from them. Thin is, 1 have
learned, how the plantation servants do commonly begin ; but
the most stubborn spirit is not proof against the lash mid
starvation. Therefore, before many days they arc ns active
and as zealous as can be desired, and the white men, even in
the fields, will do double the work that can be got out of the
black.
Then this officer went away, followed by his beadles, who
cast eyes of regret upon us, as if longing to stay and exercise
their wands of office upon the prisoners' backs. This done,
we were ordered to march out. My master’s horse was wait¬
ing for him, led by a negro; and two of his overseers, also
mounted and carrying whips in their hands, waited Iris com¬
mands. He spoke with them a few minutes, and then rode
away.
They brought a long cart with a kind of tilt to it, drawn
by two asses (here they call them nssenegoes), and invited me
courteously to get into it. It was loaded with cases and boxes,
and a negro walked beside the beasts. Then we set out upon
our march. First walked the twenty servants—men and
women—newly bought by the master: after them, or at their
side, rode the overseers, roughly calling on the laggards to
quicken their pace, and cracking their whips horribly. Then
came the cart in which I sat. The sun was high in the
heavens, for.it was not more than three of the clock; the road
was white and covered with dust; nnd the distance wus about
six or seven miles, and we went slowly, so that it was already
nigh unto sunset when we arrived at the master's estate.
Thus was I, a gentlewoman born, sold in the Island of
Barbadoes for a slave. Sixty pounds the price I fetched. Oh !
even now, when it is all passed long since, I remember still
with shame how I stood upon the quarter-deck, my hood
thrown back, while all those men gazed upon me, and passed
their ribald jests, and cried out the money they wonld give
for me!
CHAPTER XXXVI.
THE FIRST DAY OF SERVITUDE.
Thus began my captivity. Thus I began to sit beside the
waters of Babyion, more wretched than the daughters of Zion,
because they wept together, while I wrpt alone. 1 looked for
no release or escape until the Lord should mercifully please to
call me away by opening the Gate of Death. For even if I
were released—if by living out the ten years of servitude I
could claim my freedom, of what use would it be to me?
Whither could I fly ? where hide myself ? Yet you shnll hear,
if you will read, how a way, terrible at first and full of peril,
was unexpectedly opened, and in wliat strange manner was
wrought my deliverance.
We arrived at our new master’s estate—which was. as I
have said, about seven miles from the port—towards sundown.
We were inarched (rather, driven) to a kind of village, consist¬
ing of a double row of huts or cottages, forming a broad street,
in the middle of which there were planted a large number of
the fruit-trees named here bonanows (they are a kind of
plantain). The green fruit was hanging in clusters, as yet
unripe; but the leaves, which are also the branches, being for
the most part blown into long shreds, or rags, by the wind,
had an untidy appearance. The cottages looked more like
pigsties for size and shape ; they were built of sticks, withs,
and plantain-leaves both for sides nnd for root. Chimneys
had they none, nor windows ; some of them had no door, but
nil opening only. Thus arc housed the servants and slaves of
u plantation. The furniture within is such as the occupants
contrive. Sometimes there is a hammock or a pallet with
grass mats and rugs; there arc some simple platters and
basins, in each hut there are two, three, or four occupants.
Here let me in brief make nu end of describing the build¬
ings on this estate, which were, I suppose, like those of every
other. If you were to draw a great square, in which to lay
down or figure the buildings, you would have in one comer
the street or village of the people; next to the village lies the
great pond which serves for drinking-water as well as for
washing. The negroes are fond of swimming and bathing
in it, and they say that the water is not fouled thereby, which
1 can not understand. In the opposite comer you must
place the Ingenio, or house where the sugar - canes are
brought to be crushed and ground, and the sugar is made.
There are all kinds of machines, with great wheels, small
wheels, cogs, gutters for running Ihe juice, and contrivances
which I cannot remember. Some of the Ingenios are worked
by a wind-mill, others by horses and nssenegoes. There is in
every one a still where they make that fiery spirit which they
cull “kill-devil.” Near the Ingenio are the stables, where there
are horses, oxen, assenegoes, and the curious beast spoken of
in Holy Writ called the camel. It hath been brought here
from Africa, and is much used for carrying the sugar. The
open space around the Ingenio is generally covered ana
strewed with trash, which is the crushed stalk of the enue. Jt
always gives forth a sour smell (as if fermenting), which 1
cannot think to be wholesome. In the fourth comer is the
planter’s house. Considering that these people sometimes
grow so rich that they come home and buy great estates, it is
wonderful that they should consent to live in houses so mean
and paltry. They are of wood, with roofs so low that one can
hardly stand upright in them ; and the people ore so afraid of
the cool wind which blows from the east that they have
neither doors nor windows on that side ; but will have them all
towards the west, whence cometh tho chief heat of the sun
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nor. 10, 1888.—553
rnmmm
DRAWN RT A. rOHESTIER.
“Afucfom" he unit I, "it irVl be U»t to thro# bark your hootf." Thif f dirt, awl m tto&l before them aM barrheailnl.
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM."—BY WALTER BKSANT.
G54
NOV. 10, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
namely, the afternoon heat. Their furniture is rude, and they
hare neither tapestry, nor wainscoted walls, nor any kind of
ornament. Yet they live alwars in the preatest luxury, eatinp
and drill kin# of the best. Some of the houses inv mast, r’s
among them—hove an open verandah (as they call it: in
Sonn rsetsliire we should cull it a linney) running round tlire .•
sides of the house, with coarse canvas curtains which can he
let down so as to keep out the sun. or diawn up to admit the
nir. Hut their way of living- though they eat and drink of
the best is rude, even eompured with that of our farmers at
home; and a thriving tradesman, sav, of Taunton, would
scorn to live in such a house us eonten'teth a wealthy pfcnttr
of llarhad.K-s. behind the house was a spacious . aixhti. ill
which grew all kinds of fruits and vegetables, and all round
the buildings on every side stretched th. broad liclds of sugar-
canes. which, wlnui tiicv are in their flower or blossom of grey
and Silver, wave in the wind more beautifully than even a Held
of barley in Kiighmd.
On the approach of our party and the voices of the over¬
seers, u gentlewoman iso, at least, she setnied'i (nine out of
the house and stand upon the verandah, shading her eves and
looking at the gang of wretches. She was dressed s f i. ndidiv
Hi a silken gown and flowered petticoat, as if she was a very
great lady, indeed ; over her head lay a kerchief of rich black
lace; round hi r neck was » gold chain; when she slowly
descended the steps of the verandah and walked towaids ua'l
observed that .-lie was of a daiVo- skin tliiin is customary to
find at home: it was. indeed, •somewnat like the skill of t lie
gipsy people ; her features were ptrniglit and regular; her
hair was quite Min k . lier eves wr-o ,-ibo black, and large,
shaped like almonds. (hi her wrists wen heavy gold bracelets,
mid her lingers were loaded with lings. She seemed about
thirty veals of age. She was a woman of tall and fine presence,
and sh • stood and niovid as if she was a Queen. She presently
came forth from the verandah and walked across the yard
towards us.
“ hot me look at them-your new hatch,” she said, speak¬
ing languidly, and with an accent somewhut foreign. " flow
many are there r Where do they conic from - Who is this one,
for instance ? ” .She took the girl named Deb bv the chili, and
looked at her as if sin were some animal to be sold in the
market. " A stout wench, truly What was she over there - ”
'I he overseer read the name and the crimes of the prisoner.
Minium : this was the only name by which 1 knew her) pushed
her away disdainfully
" Well,” she said, “she will find companions enough here.
I hope she will work without the whip. Hark ye, girl.” she
added with, I think, kindly intent, “ it goes still" to my heart
when 1 hear that the women have been trounced; but the
work must be done. Hemcinber thatAnd wlio are those—
and those? ” She pointed with contempt to the poor creatures
covered with dirt and dust, and in the ragged, miserable
clothes they had worn all the voyage. “Street sweepings:
rogues and thieves all. Let them know," she said grandly,
“ Wliut awaits those who skulk and those who thieve. Aiid
whom have we herel"—she turned tome—“ Is this some flue
city madam fresii from bridewell i”
“This prisoner,” said the overseer, "is described as a
rebel in the late Monmouth rising.”
“A rebel? Truly?” she asked with curiosity. "Were
Monmouth’s soldiers women? We heard by the last, ship
»om tiling of this. Madam. I know not why you must needs
become a rebel; but this, look you, is no place for gentle¬
women to sit down and fold them arms."
“ Madam," I replied, “ I look for nothing less tlinn to
work, being now a convict (though I was never tried) and
condemned -1 know not by whom—to transportation in his
Majesty's Plantations.”
“ Let me look at your hands,” she said sharply. “Why,
of what use are these little fingers ? They have never done
any work. And your face-prithee, turn back your liood." I
obeyed, and her eyes suddenly softened. Indeed. I looked
not for this sign of compassion, and my own tears began to
How “’Tis a slmnte ! ” she cried. “’Tis a burning shame
to Send so young u woman and a gentlewoman, awl one with
such a face—to the Plantations .' Have they no bowels? Child,
who put thee aboard the ship ? ”
“ I was brought on hoard by one Mr. Penne, who deceived
me, promising that I should be" taken to New Kngland, where I
have cousins.”
“We will speak of this presently. Meantime—since we
must by the law find you some work to do-can you sew ? ”
“ Yes, Madam, 1 cult perform any kind of needlework, from
plain sewing to embroidery ”
“ Wliut mean they," she cried again, “ by sending a help¬
less girl alone with sueli a crew ? The very .Spaniards of whom
they talk so much would blush for su’eli barbarity. Well,
they would -end her to a convent where the good Nulls would
treat lier kindly Madam, or Miss, thou art isniglit, and the
master may not, by law, release you. Hut there is a wav of
which we will talk presently Meanwhile, thou canst sit in
the sewing-room, where we may find thee work.”
1 thanked lier. She would have said more ; but there came
forth from the lionse, with staggering step, the man who had
bought us. He bad now put off liis wig and his scarlet coat,
and wore a white dressing-gown and a linen nightcap. He
had in his hand a whip, which he cracked as lie walked.
“Child,” said Madam, quickly, “pull down vour hood.
Hide your face. He hath been drinking, and at 'such times
he is dangerous. Let him never set eyes upon thee save when
he is sober.”
He came rolling and st iggering, and yet not so drunk but
lie could speak, though his voice was thick
“ Oho !” lie cried. " Here are the new servants. Stand
up, every mail and woman. Stand np, l say!” Here he
cracked liis whip, and they obeyed, trembling" But Madam
placed herself in front of me. “ Let me look at ye.” He
walked along the line, calling the unhappy creatures vile and
foul names. () shatui .' thus to mock their misery ! “ Wluit! ”
he cried. “ You think you have come to a country where
there is nothing to do but lie on your backs and cut turtle mill
drink mobbie? What! You shull find oit vour mistake.”
Here he cracked his whip again. “ You shall work all day in
the field, not because yon like it, but hccium ' you must Tor
vour food, it shall be loblollie, and for vour drink, water from
the pond. What, I say ! Those who skulk shall learn that
the Newgate ‘eat’ is tender compared with her brother of
Itarbadois Tremble, therefore, vc devils all ; tremble : ”
They trembled visibly All were now subdued Those of
them who swaggered—the dare-devil reckless blades when
first we sailed, were now transformed into cowardly, trembling
wretches, ail half-starved, and some reduced with fevers, with
no tnore spirit left than enabled them still to curse and swear.
The feeblest of mortals, th lowest of human wretches, 1ms still
left so much strength and will that he can sink liis immortal
soul lower still—a terrible power, truly
Tlien Minium drew me aside gently, and led me to n place
like a barb, when- many women, white and black, sut sewing,
and a great quantity of little black babies and naked childri u
played ill k nit under their charge. The white women were sad
uini -il. nt: the blin ks. I saw with surprise, were all chattering
anil l.mgliliig. The uegio is happy, if he have enough to cat
and drink, whether he be slave or free. Madam sat down upon a
bench, and caused me to sit la side lier.
“ Tell me," she said kindlv, “what this means. When did
women begin to rebel ? It men arc such fools ns to go forth
r.ml fight, let them : but for women ”— —
" Indeed," I told lier, ” I did not tight.”
Then nothing Would do but I must tell her all. from flic
beginning—my mum*, my family, and my history. But 1 toltl
lit r nothing about mv marriage.
* So.” .she mid. ; *ymt have lost father, mother, brothers,
lover, and friends by this pretty bushier**. And all because
they will not suffer tlu* King to worship in bis own way. Well,
*tis hard for you. To be plain, it nmv be harder than you
think, or I c an help. Von have been bought for sixty pounds,
and that not for nnv profit that your work will bring to the
estate, bec ause* >uc h*as you arc- but a loss and a burde n ; but
only in the hope that your friends will pay a great sum for
ransom.”
“ Madam, I have indeed no friends left who can do this
for me.”
‘‘If so, it is indeed unfortunate. For presently the master
will look for letters on your behalf, and if none come I know
not what he may thre aten or wlmt he may do. lint think-
try to find someone. Consider, your lot here must be hard at
best: where as, if you are released, you can live* where* you
please : you may e*ve*n marry whom you please*, because*
beautiful young gentlewomen like* yourself are* scarce indeed
in llarbadoes. ’Tis Christian charity to set you five, lfe-
nie-mbe r. Child, that money will do here what 1 suppose it will
do anywhere*—all are slaves to money. You have six months
be fore you in which to write to your friends anel to rec eive an
answer. If in that time nothing comes, I tell thee again,
C hild, that I know not what will happen. As for the life in
the fie*lds, it would kill tliee in a week.”
‘‘Perhaps, if the Lord so wills,” I replied helplessly,
” that may be best. Friends have I none now, nor any whom I
c ould ask for help—save the Lord alone. I will ask for work
in the fields.”
‘* Perhaps he? may forget thee,” she said—meaning the
master. ‘‘Hut, no; a man who hath once seen thy face will
never forge t the*e. My dear, he told me when he came home
that he had bought a woman whose b auty would set the island
in flames. Pray Heaven, lie c ome* not near thee when he* is in
liquor. Hide that face, Child. Hide that face. Let him
never see thee. Oh .' there are dangers worse than labour in
the fields—worse than whip of overseer! ” She sprang to her
fe et, and clasped her hands : ‘‘ You talk of the Lord’s will!
What hath the Lord to do with this place-' Here is nothing
but debauchery mid drinking, cruelty and greed. Why have
they sent here a woman who prays r ”
Then she sat down again and took my hand.
“ Tender maid,” she said, “ thy face is exactly such as the
face of a certain Saint—’tis in a pic ture.which hangs in the
chapel of the convent where the good Nuns brought me up long
ago, before I came to this place—long ago. Yes, I forget the
name of the Saint: thou hast her face. She stood, in the
picture, surrounded by soldiers who had re*d hair, and looked
like devils—Knglish devils, the Nuns said. Her eyes were raised
to Heaven, and slu^ prayed. But what was done unto her I
know not, be*e uuse there was no other picture. Xow she sits
upon a throne in the presence of the Mother of God.”
The tears stood in her great black eyes—1 take it that she
was thinking of the days whim she* was young.
“ Well, we? must ke ep thee out of ‘his way. While he is
sober, he listens to reason, and thinks continually upon his
estate and his gains. Wlie*n he is drunk no one can hold him,
and reason is lost on him.”
She presently brought me* a mane-het of white* bread nuel a
glass of Madciia wine*, and then told me that she* would give
me the best cottage that the estate* possessed, anel for my
better protec tion, another woman to share it with me. I
thanked her again, and asked that I might have the girl called
Deb, which she* readily granted.
And so my first day of servitude ended in thus happily
finding a protector. As for the* cottage, it was a poor tiling*;
but it had a door, and a window with a shutter. r l he furniture
was a pallet with two thic k rugs mid nothing more. t My e*on-
dition was desperate*, indee d ; but vet. lmd 1 considered,* I had
been, so far, most mercifully protected 1 was shippe d as
ft convict (it is true*) by a tivae-herous villain, but on
the ship I found a compassionate ( aptain, who saved mo from
the company among whom I must otherwise have? dwelt. I
was sold to a drunken and greedy planter ; but 1 found a com¬
passionate woman who promised to do what she could; and I
had for my companion the woman who had become a most
faithful maid to me upon the voyage*, and who still continued
in her fidelity and her love. Gre ater mercies yet —and also
greater troubles—were in store, as you shall see.*
The Registrar - General’s quarterly return of marriages,
births, and deaths has been issued. It states that the popu¬
lation of the United Kingdom iu the middle of 1888 is
estimated at 37,440,505 persons ; that of England and Wales
at 28,028.804. of Scotland at 4,034.150. and of Ireland at
4.777.545. In the United Kingdom, 270,720 births and 130.821
deaths were registered in the three months ending Sept. 30.
1888, The natural increase of population was. therefore.
130.800. The registered number of persons married in the
quarter ending Juno 30, 1888, was 124,020. The birth-rate in
the United Kingdom in the third quarter of 1888 was 28 7,
and the death-rate 14 8 per looo. The marriage-rate in the
second quarter of 1888 was 13 4 per 1000.
ILLUSTRATED J^OXDOX ^LMANACK F0R 1*80.
SIX PICTURES IX CHROMO.
I.—TOM TITS. | 4.—THK CAPTIVE.
a-DoSSrifv l)IMlB AHT8, I oee.sk. ..
Monthly (.
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•Unary during 1nC-m-H<»-»i>ii il* ;ind e'?li.iritn-« uf London. HyjJUjk
l*ric<* ONE SHII.LINCI: PoMam*,
t tin* OIBci* of TlIK Il.l.lri/ffA
P<ift 1 -Oflhv Order-*, kc., Pa>aKU* I
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MATRIMONY.
I think it was the 77we* newspaper—then sole monarch of the
journalistic world now so Republican—which started, in years
gone by. the “ silly season ” discussions of matters interesting
to the public at large by that public itself. Xow a younger
rival has made itself chief master of the secret, of “ tapping the
reservoir.” as it has been well called, of middle-class feeling
and opinion : and provides, in the letters it publishes, in¬
valuable documents for the social history of the England of
our time.
Its discussion this year has been perhaps the most note¬
worthy yet started : fnlfto the brim of signs and self-revelations
of the times. Probably a good many of the letters are not
genuine—the roar of those ** young lions.” as they used to be
called, is often to be recognised : but great numbers of these
confessions, complaints, outbursts of ill-temper or of conceit,
are as real ns they can be : and some, let us hope, of the
records of happiness—though I think that, as a rule, when a
man has a happy home he does not blow a trumpet to
proclaim the fact.
And how curious it all is : how like Le Sage’s story, in
which the Devil on Two Sticks” shows his hero the world of
Paris—with the roofs off. Here we see nagging wives, drink¬
ing husbands, lonely bachelors—and British newspaper-renders
of to-day, and the editors who provide reading for their tastes.
This*is almost the most instructive part of it. Has anyone
noticed that there are many among these letters which a
British editor of even ten years ago would not have dared to
publish at all .* Cautiously beginning with a wholesale on¬
slaught on this Mrs. Mona Onird, whom they have so suddenly
made famous, the adroit managers of the discussion have
found themselves able to publish, unrebuked, letters advocat¬
ing what we may call experimental matrimony, and letters
describing at first hand experiments therein—doubtless in¬
structive and valuable, but in no way sanctioned by Church
or Law.
And Mrs. Grundy has not arisen and torn the Daily
Trlrgraph to pieces ! What does it mean ? Is she sleeping l
or is she still on a journey—perhaps to Boulogne, and other
places where things shocking are but the sights of the
country, and as such to be stared at ! Or may we hope that she
is at last growing old ami toothless, and that the forgotten
virtue of telling the truth may be expected to ‘’come in ” next
season, or the season after /
If this were so indeed there might be hopes of improve¬
ment in many things—and in matrimony not least. These letters
in the main confirm what is, I think, the judgment of most
men whose views are not too strongly biassed by personal ex¬
perience : that misery in marriage is more often caused by an
apparent lack of money than by anything else (except drink).
And, if Mrs. Grundy do but lose her power, the sensible
minority who are happy with only money enough to pay for food,
warmth (of shelter and clothing), and education, will gain a
great following; and much nagging, many lies, and many
tears will be saved. Moreover, more men and women would
marry ; and so would come a great addition to the world's
stock of happiness.
For here is a point, which has been curiously overlooked by
every writer on this question. Even though, as I am inclined
to think, marriages are now happier than ever they were—
because the woman is taking her fair place in the household—
yet, year by year, marriage is more and more a failure.
This is no paradox, but a mere arithmetical truth. For, if
every marriage in England were a perfectly happy one, but
only one per cent of the adult population got married, I
think it would be admitted that matrimony as an institution
had broken down—had, indeed, ceased to be a regular
*' institution ” altogether.
And we of the middle-class^are going that way. and going
quickly. Xearly every working-man has his wife—and so
have a good many working-boys ; anel the aristocracy seem to
marry early and often. But, though statistics could hardly
prove whether marriage is a failure in the case of the married,
I think they would show clearly enough that it fails to attract
as large a proportion of the mielelle-class as it did a century or
half a century ago. Look at the immense number of
unmarried men of thirty—and think what that means in
spinsters!
Perhaps' as far as this reluctance to marry is caused by
lack of money to keep up appearances, it may tend to
disappear with the decay of Mrs. Grundy—and. indeed. I think
she is beginning to dodder a little ; but that is not all. People
are getting cautious, in the world’s old age : boys escape Inter
from their parents' control, and have often passed the first
period of hasty impulse before they are really their own
masters. And then, they think, and sigh, and hesitate : and
youth goes by, anel eve?u middle-age; and they remain alone*,
unloved. The old ties break, as years roll on. anel new ones are
not formed. It is sad. after all. Even looking at a “ jolly old
bachelor” of fifty—before the last loneliness has set in—one
cannot help thinking of the prayer of Victor Hugo : that he,
and those he loved, and even his enemies “ triumphant in
wrongdoing,” might never see—
I/t'te* sans fli'tirs verinclllos.
La «up* sans oLcaux. In ruche sans a Miles,
Ea Dials*>n sans .iifant*.
Only, what is to be done/ Schemes, visions, theories of
Utopia, come to very little: whatever is done in this
matter, as in most other matters, will, in the main, do itself ;
but in time, no doubt, something will be done. Matrimony
has known many forms, during the lifetime of this elderly
planet, and will know many more. The Hebrews were strongly
in favour of a plurality of wives, and it is noteworthy that the
wis st of them had most: King Solomon rejoiced in seven
hundred—a number which seems to have excited, some wonder
even then.
But the serious objection to his proceedings was that many
of these ladies, though highly eligible on social grounds (for
they were Princesses, all of them) were foreigners, belonging
to the* heathen nations across the borders. This was as directly
against the laws of the Hebrews as marrying any member of
one’s own tribe was with some other primitive peoples. Even
so, in our own time and country, it is not at all the thing to
marry jour own sister, your mother-in-law. or even your
grandmother: while in polite circles in (I think) the South
Sea Islands, the crime of wedding any but a very near relation
indeed is one hardly to be alluded to before ladies.
Xow-a-days in England yon can marry when you like, or
not at all; it is only the dissolution of partnership which is
difficult. But in Greece, by the laws of Lycnrgus. criminal
proceedings might be taken against you if you married too
late or unsuitably—or. of course, if you were a hardened
offender anel did not marry at all. And in Rome—where a
Roman citizen could only legally marry the daughter of a
Roman citizen—the idea of a complete personal unity of
husband and wife was acted upon so strictly, that the mere
dissent of either party (when formally expressed) could dis¬
solve the marriage. Indeed, one may pretty safely say that,
whatever system has been devised by Mrs. Mona Caird as a
substitute for modern matrimony, the one thing certain about x
it is that it will be no novelty E. R.
NOV. 10. 1888
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS
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ACROSS THE FURKA PASS.
It was on a warm sunny morning in the third week of
September that I started from Martigrty to visit the Rhone
glacier and cross the Furka Pass. Several people had hinted
to me that it was too late in the year for the expedition. but I
had not been able to accomplish it earlier, and as it was one to
which I had long looked forward. I was determined to carry
it out, if possible; nor was I in any way disappointed at the
result.
The first part of the journey, from Martigny to Brieg, a
distance of about forty-five miles, was by the railway which
traverses the lower and least interesting part of the Rhone
Valley, much of which shows unmistakable traces of repealed
inundations, though there is much that is romantic and even
grand. Lofty mountains, some clothed with forests, but
mostly hare and rugged.enclo.se the valley on both sides, snow¬
capped |>eaks being occasionally seen in the distance, while the
aspect of several of the small towns and villages, with their
ruined castles and ancient houses, is decidedly picturesque.
Especially noteworthy is Sion, the capital of the canton of
Valais, with its old Roman towers and walls, which give it the
appearance of being strongly fortified.
From Brieg the journey was made by carriage. The road,
at first nearly level, runs for some distance along a green and
fertile tract of country, passing by one or two prosperous-
looking villages, after which it ascends rather steeply through
a narrow ravine, down which the Rhone rushes wildly over its
rocky bed : then crossing two or three wooden bridges, whence
lovely views are obtained, reaches Lax. the point from which
travellers generally start to ascend the Kggisehhorn. After
passing Fiesch the character of the country becomes somewhat
different, the road here traversing a wide, pastoral valley in which
the people were busily endeavouring to get their crops housed.
By far the greater part of the land here is utilised for
feeding cattle, the pasture being of the same rich description
and vivid green a» elsewhere in Switzerland, the cows literally
standing far above their hoofs in the lush growth. No wonder
that the animals themselves are so sleek, and the milk they
yield so sweet and creamy. Here and there were little, sorrv-
looking (latches of corn being cut. as it seemed to me before it
was anything like ripe; but the poor ]H.*ople were, no doubt,
anxious to get it in. for the weather often changes suddenly in
these high regions, and they knew that if it once broke their
chance of harvesting would be gone. Men
and women were working together, the latter
taking their full share of the labour, cutting
both corn and fodder and putting it into the
large hempen sheets which they spread on the
ground for the purpose, and then tie up by the
four corners, after which they often carry the
heavy bundles on their backs or heads for a
considerable distance, not infrequently up or
down the side of some steep incline. The work
is considerably easier when the bundles have
to be brought downhill instead of being carried
up. as a vigorous kick, rightly administered,
will often set them rolling for a long way.
We next passed through a succession of
villages so near to each other that they almost
joined—so close, in fact, that I was rather
surprised to find each of them possessing not
only a church, hut also a mortuary chapel.
This is rendered necessary by the scanty
accommodation afforded in the houses, which
are very poor at this part (and mostly built on
piles, with the double purpose of protecting
them from the floods caused by the inciting
snow in spring, as well as from the rats which
abound), far more space in them being devoted
to the cattle and the stores than to the human
occupants; besides which, the windows arc
small and few, the idea in this region, whi le
winter is so rigorous, being rather to exclude
than to admit the outer air.
The churches hereabouts struck me as ugly,
high-shouldered-looking buildings, with little
slits of windows very high tip in them : all
had one—several, three or four—small metal
pinnacles. I must call them for want of a
better word. Of course, no one would expect
the churches in such a remote district to be
otherwise than plain ; but these were as desolate-looking
in the interior as they were outside, the altars and chapels
being as hideous and trumpery as the shrines we so fre¬
quently passed on the road, where the representations of the
Saviour and the Virgin Mary were so grotesque as to be almost
repulsive. Munster is the last of this series of villages, and by
far the largest; and. while the horses rested, we ( aid a visit
to the church, the largest in the valley, and one which is
regarded by the people somewhat in the* light of a cathedral.
It is certainly more decorated than any of the others, and
can boast of some stained glass; but this is of an
ultra-modern type, and I could not see much to admire.
The porch is ndorued with some horribly realistic frescoes.
The view from the churchyard is. however, well worthy of
note, commanding the wide valley we had just traversed, with
range u|>on range of mountains in the background. Most of
the graves had a simple wooden cross at the head, and nearly
all a stone, mortar-like vessel beside it. I supposed this was in¬
tended for holy water, though I hail never before seen them thus
placed, and my conjecture was confirmed by a peasant woman
and her daughter who came up at the moment, bringing with
them a friend, who I afterwards learnt belonged to the
neighbouring canton of Unterwalden. The elder woman had
evidently been very good-looking in her youth, and her eyes
were still handsome and expressive; but hard work and
poor food soon leave their traces upon these villagers,
and the women look old very early. She replied to my
questions about life in this out-of-the-way place with¬
out any complaint, yet a half melancholy tone pervaded
her words and aspect—a tone that I also observed among the
men. This woman told me that they had quite enough to do
to get in their crops during the short summer; but when 1
asked if they did not find the winter long, she quickly
answered that there was more than work for all hands ; the
men and boys tending the cows and cutting and carving wood,
the women minding their household duties, spinning their
thread, weaving it into material and afterwards making it into
garments. “ Besides which there are always the stockings to
* cni V’ 8 he added, as if this were conclusive. Her patois was
much easier to understand than that of many of the people
'Y 1 ™ 1 whom I talked, but she seemed to think it strange that I
should be English, as I told her I was, and yet able to speak
Herman, and she finished by expressing her surprise that so
many foreigners should come to her country. “ where there was
so little to see.” The rushing river, glorious mountains, and
other natural beauties, among which she had always lived,
*® re Homing in her eyes, so true is the old adage that
familiarity breeds contempt.”
After passing through Ulrichcn, a rather dismal-looking
piaoe, where we saw a priest haranguing his flock in the
street, and one or two ot^er villages still higher up the
valley, the road began to wind steeply up the mountain-side,
at first between (line-woods, the scent of which was delicious]
till at length we seemed to get above the region of trees and
found ourselves climbing the wild and narrow gorge down
which the Rhone forces its way. It was a grand scene, but so
lonely and desolate-looking as to make us feel almost glad to
have overtaken another party of travellers whose destination
was the same as our own—viz., the Rhone Glacier Hotel. Our
driver had been walking for a long time beside the patient
horses that toiled steadily on, only now and then stopping to
rest for a minute or two at one of the many bends in the road
which sometimes almost overhang the yawning depths below,
while at other places the mighty rocks looked as if they
would fall and bury us beneath them, while the river roared
and thundered over huge boulders hundreds of feet below. I
was getting very cold by this time, and was not sorry when
the man remounted, saying. “ We shall be there in five
minutes ! ” Another turning, and the mighty glacier lay
before us.
It was a wonderful sight, never to be forgotten, filling the
soul with reverent awe. There was no need for words ; it
would have seemed like sacrilege to spoak in the presence of
such a scene. So grand, so pure, so silent, the vast field of ice
rose before us like a huge frozen torrent, and as I looked the
words of the poet came into my mind —
Vo icy falls! Ye that from the mountain's brow
Ai1«*w’n cnnniVMt* ravines slojie amain
Torrents, inethinks. that henr«l the mitrluy Voire,
An.l Ktujiijoi ui nnee, nmiti their inmlUest ultimo-!
Motionless torrents! silent mianirts !
Who inaile von glorious ns the irau* of heaven
Beneath the keen full moon V Who ha<le the sun
Clothe you with rainbows - / Who with Urlnjr flowers
Of loveliest blue irarlaiiils at your feel ?
0«h| ! let the torrents, like a shout of nations.
Answer; ami let the lee-plaln» crho-Uotl!
But I have lingered so long over this first part of my
journey as to leave myself hut short space to speak of the
remainder of the ascent, ami it is a long way from the Rhone
glacier to the top of the Furka Pass.
Starting by eight o'clock the next morning, we soon found
ourselves winding up steeper gradients than any we had yet
asceudod. and now it was, as we neared the top of the glacier,
that we gained some idea of its great extent, its actual length
from top to bottom being no less than six miles, rising iu a
VXTEHWALDE
series of terraces of colossal ice-pillars one above another.
The glacier loses none of its grandeur iu the daylight, though
it set i miil less appalling. Goats were browsing at its very
brink, and some cows. too. were making the best of the coarse
grass which grew close to its edge, climbing aliout the almost
perpendicular declivities that looked as if they could scarcely
afford a foothold to any living creature.
A toilsome ascent of more than two hours brought ns to
the top of the pass, nearly Sfiooft. high, and here we paused to
take a last view of the magnificent scene we were leaving.
The glacier had long ago disappeared from sight, hidden by
the shoulder of the Gnlenstock. over which we had just come ;
hut the whole of the Upper Rhone Valley stretched before us,
inclosed on all sides by ranges of lofty mountains: the Fin-
steraarhorn and the Eggischhorn prominent in the front, the
snow-clad (leaks of the Schreekhorn. the Jungfrau, the Breit-
horn. and even the far-distant Mduch and Wetterhorn rising
clear and distinct behind them ; while the glittering points of
the Weisshorn and the Matterhorn completed the picture on
the other side. It was a view of marvellous beauty and
grandeur, one that our driver told us we were unusually
fortunate in obtaining, as it was seldom so clear as then.
Once over the pass the scene was a very different one as
we rapidly descended the windings of the road.
Below and before us lay the Urserenthal. watered by the
clear, green Reuss. which flows rapidly between lovely pastures,
ever and anon being fed by fresh streams from the mountains
on both sides. Soon we passed Hos|ienthal, where the road
from the St. Gothard joins ours, and hurrying on through
Andermatt, which stands in the midst of fertile meadows, we
soon reached the fearful defile of the Schollenen. crossed
the far-famed Devils Bridge, and were at Gbschenen, ready
for the train that was to carry us away from this region
of loveliness. _ L. T. M.
The Bishop of Marlborough on Nov. 1 consecrated the new
church of the Holy Cross in Cromer-street, King’s-cross.
The representatives of the Universities Mission to East
Africa have been officially informal that, in view of active
operations to be begun by her Majesty's Government against
the slave-traders on the Zanzibar Coast, it is desirable that
all Europeans should be at once withdrawn from stations on
the mainland.
The private chapel attached to St. Saviour's Hospital for
Diseases of Women iu Osnaburg-street, Regent’s Park, was on
Nov. 2 reopened with an impressive service. The building
had been closed for some four months for the work of fitting
no the carved oak interior which the treasurer of the in-.i-
tutlou, Mr. Edward Howley Palm or. jirosontkl in June last.
THE COURT OF THE SULTAN OF MOROCCO.
At Meqninez, one of the three capitals of Morocco, where the
Sultan was residing before he started on his expedition this year
against the revolted trite of the Beni M'Guild, all the business
of State affairs was then transacted in one of the numerous
courtyards, surrounded by high walls, built by Christian slaves
during the reign of Mnley Ismael. The bare uniformity of
these walls, only broken by some large gateways oiiening into
other courtyards, is a most characteristic feature of the archi¬
tecture at Mequities. •] he courts form a never-ending maze
of gigantic buildings. During the few weeks previous to the
moving of the Moorish army, the Maghzen, as it is called was
the scene of many picturesque assemblies. Those which' our
Artist has chosen to represent include the Minister's Court
with some faithful tribes bringing their contingent to be
armed and equipped for the .Sultan’s military service. Others
are soliciting to have some old quarrel forgiven, and are pro¬
bably receiving an order to be sent to prison. The proud
Minister and Court official, wrapped in his supreme dignity
and in a white muslin “ hiiik," sits perched on a fat mule, anil
is hurrying, with a touch of his sharp stirrup-spur, to escape
the kissing of the ragged snppliants. The entrance to the
Saltan's pavilion is shown in another Sketch, with the people
outside waiting for whatever may be decided, whether good or
evil, behind the thick walls of the inner dwelling, the
temporary abode of that despotic potentate on whose will their
fate depends.
MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS.
“Yes. I love you” is the title of a song by F. L. Moir, in which
protestations of affection are expressed in smooth melodious
phrases that lie well for any voice of ordinary compass. A
good variety of rhythm is given by changes of tempo from
three-four to six-eight. Another love-song, hat in a more
playful style, is that by Theo Marzials, entitled, “ Never laugh
at love.’’ The quaint humour of the lines (by Mike Beverly)
is well reflected in the vocal strains, which are bright and
piquant without being flippant. Both the songs just named
are issued by Messrs. Boosey and Co., from whom also we have
“ Margarita,” a very pleasing song, with nn expressive and
flowing melody by F. N. Luhr ; “In sweet September,” a
ballad by Hope Temple, which is simple and unaffected in
style without being commonplace ; and “ How dear thou art
to me," a song, by Lovett King, in which ex¬
pressive sentiment is successfully realised in
smooth vocal strains that effectively alternate
between six-eight and three-foar tempo.
From among publications by W. Morley and
Co. we may specify the following: “The Bell
Rock," an effective song in the declamatory-
style, with good suggestions of ocean storms
and dangers, composed by J. L. Roeckel; “A
Ribbon and a Flower.” a setting by Joseph
Barnby of some graceful lines of a pathetic
kind by Mary Mark Lemon. Mr. Barnby's
music is, as it should be, unaffected in style,
yet capable of thoroughly realising the senti¬
ment of the words, and demanding from the
singer' earnest expression rather than any ex¬
ceptional skill or vocal compass. “Ask not”
and “ The Ripple of the River ” (also from
Messrs. W. Morley and Co.) are songs by,
respectively, Maude Valeric White and Frank
L. Moir. The first is a very effective piece,
which, although presenting small difficulty, has
occasional passages somewhat more florid than
is usual in the ordinary run of songs. The
accompaniment is well written, and the piece
altogether is above the common average. Mr.
Moir's song is of a serious cast, bnt is neither
dull nor uninteresting. The solemnity of the
opening and incidental phrases in the minor
key is well contrasted by the alternate use of
the major key with a more florid accompani¬
ment. It is altogether a masicianly and
effective song.
“ Love’s Thorn ” is a song by Tito Mattei.
who has enhanced the effect of a melody of
expressive simplicity by on accompaniment of
a varied character, comprising some rich
harmonic treatment, yet offering no consider¬
able difficulties. Messrs. Patey and Willis are the publishers ;
as also of “ Our dear old Home,” words and music by SI.
Watson—an unpretentious yet pleasing song, with some good
contrasts of key. “ The Crown of Love," by F. X. Liihr, and
“ Who was it ! ’’ by J. L. Roeckel, are songs also issued by
Messrs. Patey and Willis. The first is a good specimen of the
sentimental style ; the other is in a lighter vein, with some
effective reiterations of a piquant phrase in the accompani¬
ment. Both songs, in their different styles, will be welcome
in drawing-room circles.
MARRIAGES.
Major-General Sir Henry Eivart. K.C.B., Eqnerry to the
Queen, and the Hon. Evelyn Clementina Henthcote-Driun-
mond-Willoughby, eldest daughter of Lord and Lady Aveland.
were married on Nov. 3 at St. Paul's Church, Knightsbridge.
Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck, the Dnke of Teck,
and Princess Victoria were among the congregation. The
bridegroom -was attended by Lord Henry Vane-Tempest as
test man. The six bridesmaids were the Hon. Margaret.
Hon. Nina. Hon. Cecilie, Hon. Alice, and Hon. May Adelaide
H.-D.-Willonghby, sisters of the bride, and Miss Ewart, niece
of tile bridegroom. The bride's youngest brother, the Hon.
Peter Robert H.-D.-Willoughby, was also in attendance in a
white satin costume copied from a print of Charles Edward as
a child. The bride was accompanied by her father, who led
her to the altar and afterwards gave her away. The bridal
presents were numerous, and included, from Princess Mary
Adelaide and the Duke of Teck, a gold fichu brooch, with
sapphire centre and pearl at each end. Sir Henry received from
the Queen a white marble bust of her Majesty on an alabaster
pedestal. The Prince of Wales presented the General with
a silver-gilt mounted cut-glass claret jug, iu case.
The marriage of Mr.Hulse.M.P, for Salisbury, eldest son of
Sir Edward Hnlse. Bart., with Miss Lawson, only daughter of
Mr. Lawson, of Hall Bam. Beaconsfield, was solemnised on
Nov. 1 in the parish church, Beaconsfield. Mr. Lawson gave
his daughter away. Captain Douglas Dawson (Coldstream
Guards) was the bridegroom's best man. The bridesmaids
were Miss Goetz and Miss Evelyn Goetz, cousins, and Miss
Dorothy Lawson, niece of the bride; Miss Maitland-Crichton
niece of the bridegroom ; Miss Hylda Marshall, Miss Berens’
and Miss Genevieve Harvey ; and there were two pages
Masters David and Henry Maitland-Crichton, nephews of tho
bridegroom. The presents numbered over four hundred.
The Home for Crippled Boys. Kensington, has received a
gift of £ 1000 from the trustees of the residne of the estate of
the late Mr. Edward Boostead, of Clapham-park.
Ktfc- LONDON NEWS, N
to TRIBE ASKI]
IG FOR PARDON.
3. ENTRANCE TO THE SULTAN
COURT OF THE SULTAN OF MOROCCO.
NOV. 10, 1888
558
TEE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
A RAINY DAY.
For hoars past the rain has been falling, nntil every leaf and
spray has become dripping wet. and the whole atmosphere
saturated with vapour. There has been no stirring outside the
domicile to-day. Not even an invitation from a friend (in
waterproofs') to fish eels in the brook could tempt me out of
my snuggerr. where, deep in " Robert Elsinore." I have been
passing the hours of the morning. True, eels will and do bite
in wet weather more readily than other denizens of the brook.
jHtrhaps, and there is good fun (from an angler's point of view)
to l>e got ont of a nice two-feet, lively member of that ser¬
pentlike race of fishes. But the charms of an enthralling book
and the genial warmth of the first fire of the season are together
aullieient temptations to remain indoors. There is no sign of a
clearing vet. Mr. l'iscator is yonder in the meadow whipping
the stream. The macadamised rond in front of the snuggery
has been washed almost bare of its dust and debris, and the
side-channels overflow with the downpour from the clouds.
Looking at that road, one sees something suggestive of
bigger things than raindrops, and mightier currents than the
streams of the pathway. Observe how. between the imbedded
stones of the road, the water-drops gradually collect to
form rills. Note again, how the little rills unite to make
streams. See how rill joins rill, until quite a respectable
current, ns to size, runs into the channel of the overflowing
gutter. The gutter itself is made and formed by such rills.
The road is, indeed, the “ catchment basin " of the rivers, which
its gutters represent. If vou were to draw a map of that rood,
its rills, rivulets, and gutters, you would imitate clearly and
closely the chart of every big river you know. For, in truth,
the biggest river differs only in kind, and not in degree, from
the rill on the road. It is fed and nurtured by its streams,
exactly as that gutter is fed before your eyes to-day. There is
a whole lesson in physical geology spread out before us this
rainy dav, in the shape of that soaking roadway ; and from
sraail things at home to great things abroad is but a step,
which the scientific use of the imagination will bridge over
easily enough.
Look again at the rills in the road, and note the work they
are accomplishing in the small arena they occupy. For see,
how the rond is washed hare by the rain, its dust-particles
having been swept away to the gutters at the sides. This is
the first work of the rill and the river alike. Each cuts out a
channel for itself—the river through the land, on a big scale;
the rill between the stones, on a small one. Again, each is a
carrier and transporter of the debris which it detaches from
the land. The sodden and dirty water of the gutters is the
result of the sweeping away of the things of the earth by the
rills. If vou take up a tumbler of that gutter-water, and allow its
sediment to settle, you will find it is one-half mud. Multiply
your one tumbler-full of such debris by the thousands that
have flowed along the roadways to-day, and you may estimate
how great must be the amount of solid matter which a rainy
day disposes of. in that it sends all its material first to the rills,
then to the gutters, and finally to the brooks and the rivers
themselves.
Turn your thoughts next to the rivers of the world. The
same action meets your mental gaze that you see in that road¬
way. The river is an eater-away, an eroder, of the land : and
it is likewise a transporter of the materials it steals from the
solid earth. Be it slow or be it rapid in its course, its action
is essentially the same in character. When you come to
multiply the daily wear and tear of the river by its yearly
work, the amount of material it is seen to carry down to the
sea is found to exceed belief. Think of what the Amazon, and
the Mississippi and Missouri, tlie Danube. Volga. Rhine. Rhone,
and even our own Thames must accomplish in this work of
earth-wear day by day ! Millions of tons of matter are
removed from the land, from mountain-peak and valley
alike, and carried to lake or sea : just as the rills on the road
ponr their burden into the gutter beyond. There is no cessation
to this action. It is perennial, incessant, everlasting, as a
world-phenomenon, and will continue until this orb of ours
becomes a waterless, dried-np cinder of a globe like the moon
itself. This action of running water is. in truth, a serious
thing, speaking geologically. For the tendency of every rill
and river is to wear down the land-surfaces through which
it flows to the level of the sea. If you open a geological text¬
book, you will find the rate at which each river performs
this work of earth-sculpture duly chronicled. It is not the
least interesting part of the history of running water, how¬
ever, to find that, on a miniature scale, the rain-rills in the
rond are doing their best to emulate the work of their greater
neighbours of the valleys and the plains.
You have seen how the rills of the road cut out their
channels through the interstices of the stones, and shape
their course according to the obstacles they encounter in their
journeys to the gutter. Each rill is like your winding river.
With a spice of philosophy, it goes round what it cannot
sweep away. This is the case with many a stream you know
which meanders through flat lands, without the flood and
force necessary to carve out a straight course ami to sweep all
before it. The Thames in its flat-lands, or the “ sweet winding
Devon ” of the north, whereof Burns sings, illustrate rivers
which wind in a sinuous course because they have not the
force necessary to sweep away the obstacles which oppose
them. But when you read of the doings of such a river
as the Rio Colorado of the West, your respect for the work of
running water increases vastly in extent. The Colorado river,
in part of its course, runs through rocky defiles, or “ canons,"
of immense depth. These canons measure in some parts more
than a mile in depth, and extend for many miles as the
natural coarse of the river. Now, it is provable that the river
itself has actnally made these canons. It has slowly, but
surely, through the long ages, cut and carved its way down¬
wards throngh the rock, nntil it has found a channel a mile
deep from the surface. Geologists will tell you that this river
has been a successful sculptor of the earth, because its waters
carry just a sufficiency of sand to eat ont, as does a file, the
hard substance of the rocks. This is river-action on a great
and grand scale, it is true ; but nevertheless it leads us back¬
wards, by simple enough steps and gradations, to these rills
of the roadway and to the gutters by the side of the street.
One word more before you draw the blinds and shut ont
the dismal prospect and the dripping rain. All is not waste
in this action of running water. The material torn from the
land is not lost to the world ; it is only changed in its form
and uses. Deposited in lakes and seas by the rivers, it will
form the matter front which new rocks will he constructed.
Nay, even to-day many a river filling up its lake is a land-
maker, just as yon see that drain yonder has become choked
with the debris of the rills. The Mississippi has. for cen¬
turies. been making new land at its delta out of the debris
of the old. To-morrow, you may seo how the water-borne
material has been deposited at the drain-mouth in the rond,
as it is being laid down everywhere in the world's history by
the rivers that thieve and steal from the land with one hand,
and give back their spoil with the other. Such are the lessons
which are taught ns by a rainy day. Andrew Wilson.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
for that tU ftnrtmmt xhoiiid If. addrewd I
K nnt ouKht
[M'rplnliic, lliauk*
Thank* for t
Always glad tn Uear from
ii.—Your |»r«>Mcni i« <|iiitc iinitiiclligilile to u*. Bishops do
, nor matt'as yuceiu*.
Much Obliged. It shall duly apiicar if correct.
at ion with the author on the
-V to y mi will not solve Xo. : 1’ to K 3rd
ION OK PltoUl.fcM No. 2323.
1. K to It 4th
2. Pto Q Ith (oil)
3. y or B Matos.
If Black play 1. K tn y 3rd. tli
P to B 5tll
K moves
if 1. Kt to O Kt 7th, then
tch), Ac.
PROBLEM NO. 2327.
By J. Paul Taylor.
BLACK.
White to play, and mau* In two moves.
grai
Mr. Blaeklmnie. in continuation of 1
the Midland Jnsiimu*, Bin:
On the first uhrht lie played
.f local ph
ltd w
l. three of the
remainder Mug hot. and the other drawn. The blindfold r
again:-! eight picked men. in which lie .-cored four wins against one defeat
mid three draws. On the 25th he played twelve of the St. (ieorge s, Birm¬
ingham. drawing one game, and winning all the others, doing on to
Manchester, he met t wen tv-c wo members of the Alhemetnn Club thereon
Friday, Oet.2G. and defeated sixteen of them, losing with four, and drawing
against two. lie play.- at Burton-ori-Tront on Nov. 6 and 7.
The annual match between the Manchester and Liverpool clubs rook
place at the rooms of the former on Saturday, Oct. 27. Llvcnmol had
everything Its own wav, winning 6 games, drawing 3,-and losing 1: the only
winner for Manchester being Mr. F>. V. Mills, lately a leading Metropolitan
amateur and ex-Champion of Scotland.
The great tournament of the City of London Chess Club began on
Monday, Oct. 22, and has proved highly attractive to Us members. The
room where the contest is held is crowded with coinjietitors. as many as
thirty Ixuirds being in play together. Amongst the winners so far are the
names of Messrs. Jacobs, Yyso, and Ross ; but several well-known amateurs
bad not taken their jwrt in the first round at the date of the secretary's last
communication.
Those who wish, for use or for pleasure, to keep a record of any game,
position, or problem that may attract them, will find the“ Bristol and Clifton
Che.-.- Recorder ” of much assistance. It takes the form of a n»ie-l>ook. and
Is lined and figured for luo games, with the Useful addition of ns many blank
diagrams for whatever purimse they may Ik- needed. Messrs. Taylor, Sons,
ami Hawkins, of the Times awl Minor, Bristol, are the publishers, and the
price is the now fashionable sum of one shilling.
The Athcnanim Chess Club, at its own rooms, beat the Ludgate-circus
team by games to C£.
For the “ Chessplayers’ Annual and Club Directory, 18*9." the authors,
Mr. and'Mrs. T. B. Rowland. 9. Victoria-terrace, Clnntarf, Dublin. Invite the
following iwrtlculars of chess dubs 1 Town, club name, year established,
place of meeting, time, number of members, annual subscription, laws,
president, bon. secretary.
The Amethyst Chess Club commenced their second season at their rooms,
Church-street.’ Stoke Newington, on Saturday. Oct. 27; Mr. Stevens, a
prominent menilier of the City of London and North London Chess
Clubs, was the visitor, and played simultaneously fifteen games, winning
nine and losing five.
A match lx-tween the North London and London Banks Clubs was
played on Oct. 30, and resulted In a victory for the former bv seven games to
live.
A nmteh was played at the Plymouth Chess Club on Oct. 29 between the
married and single ineinliers ; nnd, after a close con test, resulted in a victory
for the latter by 5J games to 4$.
We have received the seventeenth annual rcjiort of the Bristol and
Clifton Chess Club, from which we learn that the club has Iwmdited by an
unusually large accession of memlicrs, and much activity has been shown in
bringing’to a successful issue the various contests in which the dub has been
engaged. Mr. If. L. Leonard wins the champion cup, having defeated Mr. X.
Kodden. the la.-t year’s holder. Mr. A. T. Perry takes the chief prize In
the handicap, and Mr. H. R. Griffith the Junior cup. At the annual general
meeting Mr. W. Tribe was. by a large majority, elected president and.
unanimously, bon. treasurer for the year. A vote of thanks was accorded
to Mr. N. Fed do n, the retiring president, for his services during the post
two years.
A niAtch has been arranged between Mr. Steinitz nnd Herr Tschigorln,
the Russian champion, to be played in America early next year.
Several important football matches took place on Nov. 3.
At the Rectory Field the London Scottish defeated Black-
heath by three goals and a try to a try ; Bradford defeated
Richmond on the ground of the latter by two tries to nothing;
and at Newcastle a match between the Maoris and a local
team was drawn.
Lord Emly, Vice-Chancellor of the Royal University of _
Ireland, has conferred degrees on the successful candidates at
the recent examinations, including Miss Letitia Walkington,
M.A.. as Bachelor of Laws, and Miss Margaret Johnston and
Miss Mary Rol>ertson ns Masters of Arts, with honours in
experimental science. Fourteen ladies took bachelors degrees
in arts, with honours, one of them gaining a scholarship.
NOVELS.
Hartas Maturin. By H. F. Lester. Three vols. (R. Bentley
and Son).—It has lately been estimated, with regard to
quantity, that one-third of the present a.verage Bnpply of
novels would suffice for the actual demand ; and. with regard
to quality, that two-thirds of those now published are not
worth even the blank paper on which the u copy ” was written,
much less the reams of other paper on which the hundreds of
booksellers copies are printed. Why they are written, printed,
and published the reviewer has no business to inquire : but it
becomes his unwelcome duty, now and then, to show why they
should uot be read by sensible persons, whom he would help
to avoid the disgust that he has been obliged to suffer for their
sake. It is not, however, against the feeble and insipid, the
trivial and vulgar, or even the sensual and licentious tales,
which some authors present as pictures of domestic and social
life, that a warning is most needed. Du In ess can be left to its
own lack of attraction : while indelicacy soon betrays itself to
the aversion of readers endowed with average good taste.
Among other objectionable kinds of bad novels are those which
cater for a morbid appetite to pry into supernatural mys:cries
by the lurid light of a hideous crime, glaring upward from
the nether region, and raising phantoms of superstition, in
some form of so-called “spiritualism,” where simple moral
and religious consciousness ought alone to be invoked. This
unwholesome tendency is the worst fault of “Hartas Maturin’*:
but, in the present confused and excited state of popular
opinion with regard to theological and metaphysical questions,
any novelist who propounds a startling theory of the future
life, different from that usually entertained by the orthodox,
may reckon upon gaining a certain amount of attention. Wc
are not called upon here to discuss that psychological specula¬
tion, or to deny the doctrine of its singular mystic prophet, a
Mr. Bastian, residing sometimes in Whitechapel, sometimes in
a lonely cottage on Leith Hill, near Dorking, a worker of
miracles and a saintly apostle. He maintains that it is con¬
sistent with the true Christian revelation. Il appears to he a
modification of the very ancient creed of metempsychosis,
taught by Asiatic philosophers centuries before Christ, and
reported by Pythagoras and other Greek sages, hut rejecting
the extreme of the transmigration of human souls into souls of
beasts. Anyone, learned or unlearned, who thinks himself at
liberty to exercise his imagination in conceiving possible modes
of existence for the individual spirit after quitting a mortal
body, may, without general censure—so far as we know, even
without ecclesiastical censure—accept the idea of its passing
through a succession of other human lives. This is supposed
to he a way of continuing its spiritual discipline here on
earth, perhaps through many generations, until the undefined
period of its final destination. But we do protest
against using such an idea, which must be, whether true
or false, of vast importance to religion and morality—and
to human happiness in the sacred affections of mutual love
and friendship—as a mere piece of literary machinery for the
fantastic novelist in a trumpery work of fiction. Dr. Hartas
Maturin has murdered his first wife ; and immediately on her
death, the soul of this woman has become the soul of a new¬
born female infant belonging to another family. This babe
grows up to be a very sweet and beautiful girl of seventeen ; the
murderer, a clever, "handsome, rich, and distinguished man of
forty, is about to take this girl for his second wife. But she.
being thrown into a trance, has a vision in which she seems
to herself to be the first wife, and experiences in her dream all
the circumstances and sensations that really attended the
murder ; and she thereby becomes a witness to the crime.
What a monstrous story ! What good can it do anybody
to read such wild nonsense? The belief in a transmission
of the spirit through successive mortal lives is rendered
utterly intolerable by adding to it the capacity, in any
mental phase, of recollecting the outward experiences of
another former life ; and the imaginary exercise of that
faculty would open the way to impostures and delusions
fatal to the peace of society. Its supposition is even more
pernicious than the contemptible tricks of the spirit-mediums
and the infatuated credulity of their dupes ; for the rapping
and writing communications to these from the disembodied
spirits do not meddle so much with past affairs. The author
of “ Hartas Maturin ” can have had no reprehensible intention :
and we will only point out the inconsiderateness, not to sav
the impropriety, of employing this notion to concoct an idle
romance. Other faults of the tale are excusable as failures of
conception or of execution. The herd of third-rate novelists,
in their imitative run after each other on the same notable
incident, resemble a flock of sheep jumping the same
way over a ditch or stile. Ever so many of them have
lately presented to us, with slight variations, the wicked
scientific member of the medical profession, a vivisec-
tionist of course, who poisons several of his family and
friends. Mr. Grant Allen took his turn, the other day, in this
just and discreet line of fiction ; and a pretty mess he made
of it. not doing much harm, we hope, to the funds of the
Middlesex Hospital, or to University College. As for Dr.
Maturin, if any discerning reader should spend time on the
perusal of his nefarious career, it will be apparent that all the
actions related #f him, as a man of consummate ability and
remorseless selfishness, are precisely the things he would
not have done. If he wanted to be elected M.P. for a metro¬
politan district, and to spend £.">000 in procuring his election,
there are many lawful ways of buying local influence far
more efficaciously than by a donation of that sum towards the
purchase of a public park. If he wanted £5000 for any pur¬
pose, being the husband of a lady with £100,000, of which
fortune he had the reversion, he could have raised it with no
great difficulty. His wife being greatly admired in society,
and he being esteemed an admirable husband, while their
beautiful house was frequented by the leading families in tlie
borough for which he was candidate, it could not serve his
ambition to put her to death. As she was fond and proud of
him, and he did not wish to marry any other woman till
seventeen years afterwards, one does not see the motive he had
for killing* her, by which he incurred the direst suspicions on
the part of her uncle and of her most intimate lady friend.
He was living in affluence on the interest of her fortune,
and did not want to spend the principal. After succeeding in
his Parliamentary ambition, and gaining high political office,
he remains a cheerless widower till he is captivated by the
charms of a penniless young girl—not what might be expected
of Hartas Maturin ! Finally, when NettaVane, having preter-
naturally remembered, by the mystic effect of “ reincarnation,
how cruelly her predecessor was murdered with a suffocating
gas, refuses to become the second Mrs. Maturin. this atrocious,
cold-blooded egotist behaves like a raging madman. Having
walked all night from London to Dorking, for the purpose of
shooting the Prophet Bastian, he goes to sleep in the cottage,
which catches fire, and he is burnt to death. So much for
Hartas Maturin, the most unreal creation of a rather clumsy,
but very audacious writer of fiction. There are. however,
descriptive passages which merit a word of praise ; the scenery
around Leith Hill is vividly and truthfully pictured ; and the
sojourn of the Vane family in the Greek island of Mytilene : i
an agreeable idyll, with strong local colouring.
TTIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
559
THE -
ZEPHYR” SYSTEM OF PROPULSION
FOR LAUNCHES.
NOV. 10, 1899
THE NEW LORD MAYOR AND SHERIFFS.
The new Lord Mayor of London, Mr. Alderman Whitehead, of
Highfield House. Cafcford Bridge, Kent, was bom in 1834, at
Appleby, Westmoreland. He was educated at the Appleby
Grammar School. Early in life he entered into the Bradford
trade, and came to London in 18f>0. Having retired from
business, he was elected in 1882 Alderman for the Ward of
Cheap, and in 1884-5 served the office of Sheriff of London
and Middlesex. He has been chairman of the visiting Justices
of Holloway Prison, and is one of the visitors of the City of
London Asylum, and on the committee of Christ’s Hospital
and Emmanuel Schools, also of St. Bartholomew’s, Bethlehem,
and other hospitals. He is a governor of Queen Anne's
Bounty, and a past-mister of the Fanmakers’ Company ; one
of the bepntv-Lieut mants for the City of London, a Justice
of the Peace for Kent and Westmoreland, and a Deputy-Lieu-
ten ant of the county. Kc is a Knight Commander of the Servian
Order of Takovo, and a Knight Officer of the Belgian Order of
Leopold. He is on the board of management of the Commercial
Travellers’ Schools, a trustee of the Rowland Hill Benevoleut
Fund for Aged and Distressed Post-Office Servants, and a
member of the council and committee of distribution of the
Hospital Sunday Fnnd, He is a member of the Devonshire
and City Liberal Clubs, being oil the committee and political
council of the latter. In 1880 he was unanimously invited by
his party to come forward for West Kent, but declined at that
time to stand. In 1885. and again in 1880, he was induced to
contest the northern division of Westmoreland, but met with
defoafc at the hands of the Hon. William Lowthcr. He is an
extensive traveller, having visited most countries of Europe,
the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. In 1800 he
married Mercy Matilda, fourth daughter of the late Mr.
Thomas Hinds, of Bank House. St. Neots. Their family consists
of four sons and two daughters.
Mr. Alderman and Sheriff Gray was born at Stockton-
on-Tees in 1820. His father was then head-master of the
Grammar School of that town. When the son was but six
years of age his parents came to London, and he was educated
at the Royal Asylum of St. Anne’s Society. On leaving school,
be entered the office of a colonial broker in Mincing-lane.
Mr. Gray has heen successful in business, and is now senior
partner in the firm of Messrs. Anderson, Fairley, and Gray.
In 1881 he was elected to the Court of Common Council for
Tower Ward, and two years later he became an Alderman.
He is a member of the following committees : Epping Forest,
Law and City Courts, and City School : also a governor of the
Royal Hospitals. He is a member of the General Produce
Brokers’ Association, the committee of Mincing-lane Bene¬
volent Fnnd, and the committee for the Reformation of Boys
on board the Cornwall and the Tower Ward Schools, and a
director of the London and Lancashire Fire Insurance Company.
Mr. Sheriff Newton, who was born in the year 1849. at
Hull, began his commercial career at Burton-on-Trent. Later,
he entered into partnership with his brother, the late Captain
Newton, whose business of shipowner was then extended to
London. Mr. Newton is engaged in other commercial enter¬
prises, being proprietor of the business of H. Love and Co.,
Borough. He is also a director of two or three financial
companies.
At the last meeting of the British, Association, the President,
Sir Frederick Bramwell, drew attention to the probability of
a great change in obtaining motive power. He referred to a
new method of propulsion introduced by Messrs. Yarrow and
Co., of Poplar, in which a volatile spirit instead of water is
used for obtaining an expansive vapour. Up to the present
time, Messrs. Yarrow and Co. have only adapted the plan to
steam-launches. In these it has proved a very marked success,
so that for small powers it may take the place of steam. The
system may here be briefly described. The whole of the
machinery is placed at the stern ; it consists of an engine of
very simple and special construction and a generator. This
generator, which produces the spirit vapour, is placed close to
the engine, and is very compact and light. Jt comprises a
coil of copper pipe, surrounded by a casing, within which the
spirit is made to circulate continuously ; in its passage it is
converted, by means of a relatively small amount of heat, into
vapour, which passes to the motor and drives it. just as steam
drives an ordinary engine. This motor is connected to a
shaft and a screw, ns usual, which propels the boat. The
heat is obtained from a flame produced from either spirit
or ordinary petroleum. The engine is started by simply
making a few strokes with a pump and applying a lighted
match to the burner, and in three minutes the vaporised
spirit in the coil shows a pressure of from GO lb. to 70 lb. on
the square inch, and then the boat is ready to get under
weigh at full speed. The spirit, after having passed through
The Engine ani Generator of Spirit-Vapour.
LAUNCH PROPELLED ON THE “ ZEFHYR ” SYSTEM.—13LILT BY MESSRS. YARROW AND CO„ POPLAR.
the engine and done its work, is condensed, and issues forth in
a liquid state into a tank placed in the bow. It is then
pumped back into the generator, re-evaporated, and again
condensed ; the same process being carried on continuously.
Consequently! there is absolutely no waste, the same spirit being
used over and over again. After the boat is started, the entire
machinery is automatic, requiring no attention whatever, nor
any skilled engineer to look after it, so that one man, if the
steering-wheel is placed near the machinery, can take entire
management of the boat with perfect convenience to himself.
A small handle is fitted, by which the engines can be started,
stopped, and reversed. As will be seen from our Illustration,
owing to the machinery being placed quite aft, it leaves the
entire central portion of the boat available for passenger
accommodation, which position in an ordinary steam-launch is
occupied by the machinery. The reason why the engine and
generator can be placed at the stern is on account of their
small weight; and as evidence of the lightness of the whole
arrangement, it may be stated that a launch 30 ft. in length
weighs only a ton : and one 21 ft. long, 10 cwt., which is about
half the weight of a steam-launch of the same size and power.
We would add that the whole arrangement is free from dirt or
smoke, no coal being taken on board for the furnace.
ART MAGAZINES.
Magazi/ie of Art for November opens with a paper by
a a Co8mo Monkhouse on the work of Mr. Alfred Gilbert,
A.R.A., one of the pioneers of the new school of English
sculpture, influenced muoh by Donatello and other Florentine
Bculptors of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries Mr. Frith,
R.A., contributes another of his* tersely expressed protests
against the artistic fads of the day, and inveighs with re¬
newed vigour against his bete-noir , impressionism. in“ Realism
versus Sloppiness.” Mrs. Pennell, in her paper on “ Wells
ana its Cathedral,” with its obarming illustrations by C. E.
Mallons and Joseph Pennell, cannot fail to interest her readers
in the quaint historic old town she describes so picturesquely.
Mr. William M. Rossetti has written a dese option of the various
sketches and portraits of his celebrated brother. Dante Gabriel
Rossetti, now extant, some of which are reproduced for this
article.
The opening paper in the Art Journal for the current
month is one continued from the October number on "A
Modern Private Collection "—that, namely, of Mr. Humphrey
Roberts, of Kensington ; among the examples reproduced are
a drawing by Mr. A. W. Hunt, Mr. Albert Moore's “King¬
cups,” and Mr. Alma Tndema’s “ On the Stairs.” Mr. Edwards
Roberts’ experiences in “ The American Wonderland," as he
calls the marvellous Yellowstone Park district, are also
continued from the last issue. Mr. Marcus B. Hnish con¬
tributes more •* Notes on Japan and its Art Wares”; and
Mr. Joseph Hatton another paper on “ Provincial Clubs,” this
month of Manchester and Leeds. One of the most interesting
articles is that by Mr. Claude Phillips on the great Alsatian
painter, Jean Jacques Henner.
The AH Annual, or yearly extra number of the Art
Journal, for 18SS is some account of the life and work of Mr.
J. C. Hook. R.A., by Mr, F. G. Stephens. The eminent marine-
painter has already been several times the subject of biography,
but such is the popularity of the artist that any facts relative
to his life and works cannot fail to be of interest. Althoagh
now best known as a painter of sea and rocks and boats, Mr.
Hook began his professional career as a portrait-pain ter. and
executed many figure subjects exhibited in the Royal Academy
and elsewhere, of which several are reproduced in the Art
Journal. One of the most beautiful of the pictures repro¬
duced is “ The Mirror of the Seamew ; or. The Gulls’ Toilet,”
in the possession of Sir Johu Millais, the artist’s intimate
friend, and is purely a picture of sea and rocks. This annual
will be welcomed gladly by all who have heen carried out of
dusty London to fresh sea-breezes by Mr. Hook’s wonderful
seascapes on the walls of the Academy.
The fourth monthly publication, by Messrs. Sampson Low
and Co., of Artistic Japan, a journal conducted by Mr. S. Bing,
With the assistance of many English and French connoisseurs,
the English edition being in charge of Mr. Marcus B. Huish.
has an elegant and attractive appearance. It is technical,
descriptive, and illustrative, rather than historical, the leading
article being a treatise, by L. Falize, on the Japanese methods
of decorating bronze and other metal with coloured enamel.
The next writer will be M. Edmond de Goncourt. There are
eight separate plates, on thick paper, representing curious and
beautiful ornamental designs of native art.
The fourth number of The Salon, a monthly review of
“art, fashion, music, and the drama,” contains several
engravings of pictures, “ The Trial of Constance of Beverley,”
“ '1 he Morning Hymn at an Orphanage,” and views at Chnts-
worth. There is much brief and summary comment on topics
of the day belonging to these departments, a short tale, “The
Comedian’s Tragedy," and a review of the memoirs of Mr.
Sims Reeves.
Lady De Keyser, the Lady Mayoress, has been presented
with a diamond bracelet and earrings by the Court of Common
Council, in remembrance of her courtesy and kindness at the
Mansion House during the mayoralty of her husband.
A ballad or operatic-tableau concert will be given each
Thursday during November at the Royal Victoria Hall,
Waterloo Bridge-road ; a science-lecture each Tuesday ; and
variety entertainments on Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday.
The Earl of Yarborough’s Hounds commenced the hunting
season on Nov. 1, when the meet was at Brocklesby. j he
Master gave the customary hunt breakfast, which was largely
attended.—Colonel J. T. North, of Eltham, has taken over the
duties of Master of the Mid-Kent Staghounds. On Oct. 31.
Colonel North entertained the hunt at breakfast at Farningham,
and a field of 500 horsemen took part in the openiug run.
The fourth annual exhibition of ancient art needlework,
curious old brocades, and laces is open at the Art Galleries of
Howell and James (Limited), Regent-street. The exhibition
is interesting, not only on account of the rarity of such
antique specimens of weaving and embroidery as have been
brought together in this collection, but also as showing the
beauty and thoroughness of the work done in ancient Persia
Indio, and Turkey.
Tltrv. HIPI88ING, ONTARIO: TBOUT LAKE, NEAR NORTH BAT.
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY: SKETCHES BY OUR SPECIAL ARTIST, MR MELTON PRIOR.
562
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 10, 1883
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.
Wo present this week, ns promised, the first of a series of
Sketches made by our Special Artist. Mr. Melton Prior, to
furnish Illustrations of a grand and important work accom¬
plished by public enterprise in the greatest of the British
Colonies, an achievement that is destined to have political and
commercial results, as we confidently hoj»e, most beneficial to
the whole of the British Empire, and by which not only the
national possession of a very large portion of North America
is rendered more secure, but our intercourse with the farthest
countries of Asia, with Japan and China and the East Indian
Archipelago, and possibly hereafter with Australasia, obtains
a new route. “Across Two Oceans." with the intervening
breadth of the American Continent entirely traversed by
railways over lands under British sovereignty in the vast
territories of the Canadian Dominion. It is henceforth
impossible -even if, by a hostile combination of Eurojiean
Powers which is not likely ever to arise in force superior to
that of our own navy in the Mediterranean, the Suez Canal
were to be closed agaiusi us. and if the safety of the Cape
route were also compromised it has become impossible for all
the Powers of Europe to deprive England of direct access to
the East, since Canada has made for us a road through the
Far West to the Far East, by which a belt of steam-
traffic. on sea and land, under the Briiish flag, binds
together the Old World and the New. In our own temperate
latitudes, from London to Montreal, from Montreal to Van¬
couver. from Vancouver to the nearest islands of Eastern Asia,
crossing 22o deg. of longitude, this region or I m per ini dominion
and maritime supremacy is given to he held by Englishmen ;
and it will be our own fault, whatever may bo the disposition
of any foreign nations, if we do not keep the Empire and the
facilities of trade that England enjoys at the present time.
This is the grand consideration’ from a British point of
view, in estimating the Imperial value of the Canadian Pacific
Railway ; hut, with regard also to the spread and growth of
that magnificent colony, until a late period not one bat several
colonies and remote settlements, now joined by
a Federal Government with institutions as free
as those of the United States Republic, the lino
of railway is actually proving what it was
designed to be—the mighty instrument of agri¬
cultural, commercial, and industrial enterprise.
It is rapidly covering “ the Great Lone Land."
the ancient hunting and trapping-ground of
Indians and of the Hudson's Bay Company's
fur trade, the - Red River " and the thousand
miles of prairie, the Rocky Mountains, and the
rugged highlands and forests of British
Columbia, and the creeks and inlets of its Pacific
coast, with a robust and energetic civilisation.
For Canada is already so much of a nation,
with her five millions of people of vigorous
European race, accustomed to manage their own
affairs, that she does not wait for help from
England, for labour or capital—though she will
pay well for both—and she certainly does not
want Imperial guidance, counsel, or credit, in
this huge task of filling np the empty places
of half a continent with farms and villages ancl
towns, abodes of thriving industry and comfort¬
able homes. The Canadian nation, we expect,
will be twenty or thirty millions before Old
England is half a century older ; and every
Colonist feels sore of the capabilities of that
vast country , whos? geography is on such a
scale that the British islands might be dropped
into one of its lakes. We take no account,
indeed, of the greater part, about two-thirds,
of the territorial extent of “ British America "
which is. on the whole, nearly as large ns all
Europe, and as large as the United States ; but,
setting aside the northern regions. Canada
possesses more thnn a million square miles of
territory favoured with a climate fit for the
habitation of onr countrymen and for agri¬
cultural industry. The soil and the climate
are better os you go west, and arc better than
in many fmrta of the United States lying some
degrees farther to the south. In mineral wealth,
including cool as well as useful and precious
metals, Canada is abundantly endowed, while her
forests and her fisheries are most valuable
possessions; her manufactures and her shipping exceed those
of any country with the same population. 'Ihere is ample
justification, then, for the estimate that we form of the
Canadian future : to which reference is here made only as the
prospect, from n colonial point of view, attending the com¬
pletion of the Canadian Pacific Railway. It is a line mode by
the Canadians f<*r their own benefit, not expressly for the
advantage of British Imperial policy, strategy, or commerce ;
and it is quite unlike the line sometimes talked of from North
to South Australia, for it runs through fertile plains, and
through a mountainous region which is rich in valuable
minerals, and near great navigable rivers ancl lakes, which
cannot fail to support a great traffic and a large population.
There are about 13,000 miles of railway in Canada at the
present time. Every place of any importance has its one or
more railway-stations. The three principal systems are the
Canadian Pacific (4310 miles). Grand Trank (2600 miles), and
the Intercolonial (1190 miles). The remainder of the mileage
is made np of smaller lines in the various provinces. The
Dominion and Local Governments and municipalities have
contributed, in one way or another, a fourth part of the cost.
The number of passengers carried in 1SH7 was 10.(598,(538, and
tho freight is pnt down as I <5.35'5.335 tons. There is no country
in the world bettor served by railways than Canada.
The Canadian Pacific Railway is now in operation to the
Pacific Ocean, and the rapidity and energy displayed in its
construction deserve special mention. Until 18s l. the line was
bring built, by the Government ; but in that year the work
was undertaken by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company,
the contract requiring its completion in ten years. It was,
however, finished in Decemlier. 1SS.1—nearly six years before
the stipulated time ; and it is one of the greatest, engineering
achievements of modern times. It is the shortest of the three
great trans continental lines, the distance from Montreal to
Vancouver Mug (500 miles less than from Saw York to San
Francisco. By the Canadian Pacific Railway, too. New York.
Bo-ton. and Portland are brought within from 3t*i to loo miles
nearer the Pacific coast bv rail than formerly; and the dis¬
tance from Liverpool to Japan and Chinn, via the Canadian
line, is shortened by about loon miles. 1 he construction of
this railway and the Intercolonial Railway has cost Canada
about £24.000.000, equal to an annual burden of nearly
£1,000.000, and about 18,000,000 acres of land. The
Canadian Confederation may be considered as having lx*cn
consolidated by means of this railway. Each province has
now communication with the others and with the seaboard,
and iu consequence a great impetus will be given to trade and
commerce. Eastern Canada has long had railway facilities,
but Manitoba, the North - West, and particularly British
Columbia, have until recently remained more or less isolates!,
and therefore practically undeveloped. The railway, however,
now brings this state of things to an end. Besides, it has
opened up a large tract of fertile land in Manitoba and tho
North-West, unencumbered with timber, ready for the plough,
and considered to lie the largest wheat-field in the world. This
tract of land is at least 900 miles long and 300 miles wide, or an
area of over 200,000,000acres, all more or less suitable for agri¬
cultural purposes, for the raising of wheat and other crops, and
the breeding of cattle ; and its population is rapidly growing.
Without the railway the country must have remained an
“illimitable wilderness." With it there is afforded the
prospect of bright and happy homes for a large number of
inhabitants, increased markets for local and British products,
and a new era of prosperity for the Dominion. Branch lines
have already been made in different parts of the North-West,
and more are projected. Charters have been granted for a
railway between Manitoba and Hudson's Bay. in anticipation of
the shorter route through the Hudson Straits to the Atlantic
Ocean being available for a sufficient time each year for com¬
mercial purposes. Not only have the people of Manitoba con¬
nection with the Pacific Ocean and with Eastern Canada
through British territory, and access to the great, lakes, but
there are also two lines running to the United States boundary,
joining there the American system of railways. Coal has
been discovered in large quantities along the line of the railway ;
mines are being worked, coal is now sold at all the railway
stations at. a reasonable price, and dependence has no longer to
lie placed upon the supply from the United States.
Montreal, a city of 1(50,000 people, at the head of the
navigation of the St. Lawrence, is practically an Atlantic
Ocean port for large ships, though nearly six hundred miles
from the open sea ; though in winter the Lower St. Lawrence
is closed by ice, Montreal is always accessible by railway either
from Halifax, in Nova Scotia, by the Intercolonial line, or
from Portland. Boston, or New York. While the Canadian
Pacific Railway Company has a line to Quebec and others into
BRANDON, MANITOBA, WITH GRAIN* ELEVATORS.
the maritime provinces, the eastern terminus of this great
railway is at present at Montreal. Here are located its
extensive shops for locomotive and car building and repairing.
Here is its grain elevator of 600.000 bushels capacity, which
the export trade over its lines had soon outgrown,
so that a second and third of eqnal size and capacity
have been required. r lhe admirable terminal facilities
are so arranged that the steamer or ship can take
in grain and move other cargo at the same time, and
the elevator charges are reduced to but one cent a bushel.
At Montreal are the grand passenger station and the general
offices for the company ; while at Lnchiue, above the city, the
railway company have constructed a second great bridge
across the St. Lawrence. This bridge, to connect the Canadian
Pacific lines on both sides of the river, is about 8.500 ft. long,
a single-tracked truss bridge, built on seventeen stone piers
and abutments, and elevated (»0 ft. above high water.
By the Canadian Pacific Railway wc will commence the
journey np the great tributary valley of the Ottawa from
Montreal to the city of Ottawa, the Dominion capital, and
beyond to the west. From Montreal to Vancouver is a distance
of 21HK5 miles. Our Special Artist writes as follows :—
“ At Montreal I called at the offices of the Canadian Pacific
Railway Company, and was introduced to the manager. Mr.
Van Horne, who at once became interested in the object of mv
visit—namely, to obtaiu passes and all information I could get
for my sketching tour across from the Atlantic to the Pacific,
by the most northern railway-line on the American Continent.
I need hardly say that Mr. Van Horne did everything in his
power to assist me : and as he is the ruling authority of this
vast railway system, it was easily accomplished. 1 said good¬
bye to him with hearty thanks, bring provided with passes
and letters of introduction to all the principal officers of the
company I was likely to meet on the road.
*• Having engaged my berth in the sleeping-car. nnd seen
my luggage duly labelled, I started on one of the finest trips
across a vast continent that any traveller could desire.
“The first station of any importance wc stopped at was
North Bay. where wc arrived at half-past nine iu the morn¬
ing. North Bay is a bustling little town on the romantic
shores of Lake Nipissing. It has a population of KJoo
people, with four churches and eight hotels, the only really
good one being the Pacific Hotel, under the management of
Mr. Mackie, where every politeness is shown to .you and
arrangements made for shooting or fishing-parties. Five years
ago the spot on which the town stands was a virgin forest,
and it was only b.y the Canadian Pacific Railway coming
through and putting up a few sheds for the navvies, with a
store to supply the workmen, that this place was started,
which soon developed into a small town. A speculative firm
of Americans, Messrs. J. and W. Murray, purchased the
surrounding land four years ago, and the town land almost
entirely belongs to them. Buildings are still being put tip
and roads are being mode, and there is no doubt that from its
peculiar position on the main line, North Bay will, in a very
short time, become one of the most flourishing and important
of these towns.
*• The Nipissing district is said to be one of the very finest
for sport. There is moose-hunting—those animals weighing
from 500 lb. to 20001b. ; there are red deer, black bear, hares,
partridges, wild ducks, and wild geese. The best fishing is to
lie had about four and a half miles out, at a charming
spot known as Trout Lake. Here, in the season, which
commences on June 1. sportsmen of the rod or line
are to he seen in parties—some from England, as well as
from the United States and Canada. Here the speckled
trout is to he caught, weighing from half a pound to two
pounds and a half ; ancl salmon trout from JO lb. to 30 lb. A
lady last season caught a magnificent specimen weighing 351b.
It is quite a sportsman's headquarters at Trout Lake. At a
house owned by two brothers named Jessop, the elder. Dick
Jessop, supplies boats, dogs, gnides, fishing-tackle, tents,
cooking utensils, and all necessary equipment for shooting or
fishing ; and for a party of five or six, will do the whole thing
for four dollars a day. and labour, the party providing their
own provisions and extra luxuries. There is a road cut through
the forest to Trout Lake ; and the view on arrival is charming
beyond description. I think a row on the lake to Four Mile
Bay is alone worth the journey. Many settlers on the shore
are to be seen clearing the ground and building houses. I am
bound to own I was delighted with my visit to Mr. Jesspp's
fishing resort, and I made two Sketches of the spot, also a
small view of the principal street in the town of North Bay.
Unfortunately, on the return drive, the rain came down
unmercifully, which put an end to my sketching. A Canadian
buck-board carriage is not one of the most comfortable at any
time, but in rain is simply horrible. It is a
framework with four wheels and a board fixed
across for you to sit on, which cannot be very
luxurious, though it makes easy running for
the horse : and I was not sorry when the hotel
came in sight, and, later on, when I heard the
sound, of the train that was to take me on to
Sudbury, another very young town on the
Canadian Pacific Railroad."
Sudbury Junction, where the branch line
commences which passes by the Denison gold¬
mines to Algoma, Lake Huron, opposite Mani-
toulin Island, and to the Sault Ste. Marie, the
rapids by which Lake Superior discharges its
surplus waters into Lake Huron and Lake
Michigan, was mentioned in onr last. 'Ihe
main line of railway proceeds westward, reach¬
ing the north shore of Lake Superior at Heron
Bay, and keeping along the shore to Port
Arthur, in Thunder Bay. where it plunges into
the region of forests, rocks, rivers, nnd small
lakes, between Lake Superior and Manitoba ;
the region which was traversed with much toil,
chiefly in canoes, by the Red River Military
Expedition of 1870, under command of tho
present Lord Wolseley. The city of Winnipeg,
on the site of the old “Red River Settlement."
to the south of Lake Winnipeg, 1423 miles from
Montreal, is reached on the morning of the
third day ; this city is the flourishing capital of
Manitoba, a province containing already some
120,000 people, with the best land for agricultural
occupation. In this province, far on the line,
is the new town of Brandon, with 4500 inhabi¬
tants, a great wheat-market for the Manitoba
farmers, of which our Special Artist supplies a
View, with another Sketch of the warehouse
for corn, and its shaft called a “ grain elevator,"
through which the corn is pumped up. like a
liquid, from the waggons below to the topmost
floor—the contrivance now much in use at the
centres of the American corn trade. Beyond
Manitoba, the great prairie provinces of
Assincboia and Alberta, respectively occupying
the region of the South Saskatchewan and that
nearer to the Rocky Mountains, with the Bow
River and other large streams, extend more than a thousand
miles; and to the north of Alberta is the territory of
Athabasca, hitherto unoccupied, but which is described as
equally promising, the climate being really less severe than
that of Eastern Canada. The places along the line. Qu'Appelle,
Regina. Moosejaw. Medicine Hat, and Calgary, which are small
towns of "rising importance—Regina is the political capital of
its territory—need not detain us at present, except to stop at
Calgary, a very pretty little town, situated in a broad valley,
between the Bow and Elbow rivers, overlooked by the white
peaks of the Rocky Mountains. To this place, and to Banff, a
little farther on. wc shall be called again by the next batch
of our Speeial Artist's Sketches.
Lord Northbrook has built a new church on his estate at
Stratton, in memory of his mother.
A new portable vapour bath, known as Mezzetti's* 4 Victoria"
Bath, is now in use in many of the London hospitals. By means
of a spirit lamp, a kettle of water is rapidly heated, and when
the water is boiling the patient can take a seat inside the
frame and waterproof cover and prepare for the enjoyment of
a most delicious vapour bath. The Victoria Bath may be
obtained from all the principal ironmongers, as well as from
the sole manufacturers, Messrs. Maxime and Co., 150, Old-
street, London, E.C.
Mr. G. E. Lewis, of 32 and 33, Lower Loveday-street,
Birmingham, has shown us his new. light, treble-grip gun,
which he has named “The Ariel." Mr. Lewis is known rs
the maker of “The Gun of the Period." which has taken
honours wherever shown. The gun we saw. though a 12-bore,
weighed only 54 lh.. and this lightness is obtained without any
sacrifice of strength ; in fact, though the action is shorter and
narrower than an ordinary 20 - bore gun it is absolutely
stronger, and this strength is obtained by the use of a new
pattern of bar or front-action locks, which Mr. Lewis is using.
Sportsmen will understand this when we Ray that the main¬
springs and all the internal work of the lock are behind the
hammer, only the lock-plate itself being let into the body, which
leaves the latter much stronger than usual. This gun, in its
finished state, has passed through the ordeal of proof, tho
charge of which is more than double that used in a 12-borc
cartridge. To gentlemen no longer able or willing to carry a
7 or 74 II). gun. or for hot climates, where weight tells, these
light guns are indeed a boon. The maker guarantees it as
being equal to all the charges of nitro compounds—i.e.,
Schnltze E.C. and J.B., that may be used, as well as with the
ordinary black powder.
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564
NOV. 10, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
INSTITUTE OF PAINTERS IN OIL-COLOURS.
The Council must doubly be congratulated on the present
exhibition. The number of the pictures is considerably
reduced, and the quality proportionately raised. English
qrnre pointing is liable to certain definite and apparently
ineradicable faults—the chief being a persistent effort to tell a
large story in a small canvas; but English landscape art is
every year adapting itself more and more successfully to the
cabinet or easel pictures which attraot the majority of the
purchasing public.
On the present occasion we shall limit our remarks to the
contents of the Central Gallery ; but it is fair to say that this
preference is without any disparagement to the other rooms,
in which, perhaps, the most distinctive works are to be found.
Beginning with the President's single work, “ Maud and May ”
(2;i0). the daughters of Mr. Meredith Crosse, we fear that Sir
J. D. Linton’s admirers will be somewhat hardly pressed to
find satisfaction in this arrangement in red. The two young
girls are represented as musicians—the one in profile at the
piano, and the other in full face with her violin in her lap.
In the modelling of both figures Sir J. Linton seems to have
been equally unfortunate, and the result, if accepted seriously,
might be regarded as highly prejudicial to the girls’ success in
life. Of course, in every technical detail—in the stuff of the
dresses, the gilt leather of the screen, the rich colours of the
tapeslryT—Sir J. D. Linton shows his unrivalled skill and
power. There is far more poetry and imagination in Mr.
F. D. Millet's "Tender Chord" (299), although the girl who
stands at the side of the mnsliu-onrtained window is not in
herself a bit more beautiful than the President's sitters. But
Mr. Millet has made a charming picture of the girl, the notes
of whose guitar have awakened in her mind the memory of some
past happiness. Another clever and sympathetic study is Mr.
C. E. riimpton's “ Despondent" (333), a girl with her violin lying
almost unheeded in her lap. The face is full of feeling as
well of expression, and the whole pictnre is pitched in
harmony. Of the other single figures which attract notice
are Mr. R. Arnold’s “ Xorah " (217), Mr. Yeend King's “ May
and Marguerite” (372), Mr. George Morton's “Fortune-
Teller'' (375), and Mr. W. M. Wyllies study (398) of a
man in fancy dress ; bat it is only the two first-named whose
work shows each year evidence of increasing skill, who will
add to their repntation on the present occasion. Mr. Alma
Tadema's study (387) of two Roman girls “at home” in
the dayB of the Cajsars is not overcrowded with classical
knowledge and effect. The red-haired girl who is reclining on
a sofa listening to the budget of news brought by her dark¬
haired friend is charming and delightful in every respect; and
there is thrown over the little scene a subdued colour and soft¬
ness to which Mr. Tadema does not always treat us. Thefigureof
the girl whose book is turned towards the spectator does not
please ns so much, the flesh, muscles, and drapery being too much
“ bunched ” to be graceful. Mr. Blair Leighton's “ Au Revoir ”
(288), a lady descending an elaborate staircase in a simple
courtyard, and Mr. G. L. Seymour’s “ Eastern Potentate" (293),
owe their attraction to their surroundings ; and, in like
manner, Miss Miriam J. Davis’s “ Hiding ” is well worthy of
notice on account of its delicate colouring.
The more distinctly genre works are, as is usual at the
Institute, marked by a certain sense of humour. Mr. Fred.
Roe's “ Mutual Suspicion ” (227) Ib a cleverly-painted variation,
though somewhat hot in colour, of the old story of the dubious
guest in the days of highwaymen ; hut whether the gentleman
who is warming himself in the ingle-nook is thief or thief-
taker is left to the spectator s fancy. Mr. ChevalUer Taylor a
“ House of Cards ” (239) is a trifle too grey in its light and too
black in its shadows ; whilst Mr. Stanhope Forbes spoils
one's complete enjoyment of “The Fishermans Reading-
Room ” (241) by the incongruity of the lighted lamp and
bright day-illumined window in the background. This group
of literary politicians is nevertheless admirable and full of
character, though, perhaps, a trifle less strong in contrast
than Mr. J. H. Lorimer’s “Fisherman’s Strong Cove (272),
where we have a similar scheme worked out even more boldly.
In this case we are almost disposed to think that the reflected
light on the bladders which hang from the roof of the fishers
cave-hut is too bright, and almost overbalances the bib of
open sea and sky that one sees through the open door in the
distance. In a very different key and full of bright sunshine
is Mr. David Carr's “Sunday Dinner" (340). Like the two
before-named works, it bears witness to the seaside ex¬
perience of the artist, who has caught without exagger¬
ation the self-importance and contentment of the little
fisherboy, who is bringing home the baked dinner for
the Sunday meal. The setting of the figure is, however,
the best part of Mr. Carr's picture, and shows how fully he
can enter into the brighter side of humble life, where toil has
not brought everything to dull, faded hues. Mr. Fred.
Morgan's “Tired Gleaners” (313) occupies a sort of middle
place between Mr. Carr’s work and that of a popular French
School of Art. The more humorous phase of genre painting
is well represented by Mr. Dendy Sadler’s “ Corked ” (323), a
questionable bottle of port wine offered by a country client to
the family lawyer. The pair are seated in a pleasant garden,
ready, perhaps', to enjoy the gossip of the neighbourhood,
when the unpleasing thought is brought home to the visitor
that it is unnecessary to prolong his stay. Mr. Frank Dadd’s
“Awaiting Sentence” (265) is bright in colonr in spite of
the awful fate impending over the youthful apple-stealer,
who, apparently, is brought before his own grandfather, from
whom thedespoiled farmer is seeking justice. Mr. Watson Nicoll
sends a good pendant in “ Forbidden Fruit ” (276). but here the
merit is in the painting of the foliage rather than in the
attitude of the maranders. Mr. J.C. Dollman’s “ Vols. I., II.,
and III.” (357) represents three young ladies on a bench at
various stages of an exciting novel; and indifference, interest,
and excitement are cleverly depicted in the three faces. Mr.
John White's little family group (360) happily recalls the
lines of Cowper’s “Task” :—
’Tie pleasant through the loopholes of retreat
To peep at such a world; to see the Btlr
Of the groat Babel, ami not feel the crowd—
To hear the roar she sends through all gates
At a safe distance!
Mr. .Seymour Lucas’s “Original Sketch for St Paul’s” (404)
is, we presume, a study for a larger picture; for. although
painted with the care he gives to his best work, the subject
more properly belongs to historical painting, representing, as
it does. Wren and his critics discussing the plans of the
cathedral.
In landscape work, the Institute is generally well provided,
and this year is no exception. Mr. Alfred Parsons' “Still
Waters” (319) is a charming little backwater, overhung
by bright, sun-touched foliage, which stands apart from the
rest of the landscape work. Scarcely less attractive, though
in a wholly different style, are Mr. Fred. Cotman’s “ Flooded
Glebe” (240). Mr. Geo. Cheater’s “Old Rickyard” (249), Mr.
Homer Watsons “Lowland Burn” (242), and Mr. Half-
wright’s “Norfolk Marsh” (235), in all of which some very
distinctive painting is displayed. Of almcst equal merit are Mr.
Herbert Snell’s “ Autnmn ” (253), Mr. Claude Hayes’ “ After the.
Floods ” (261), Mr. H. C. Fox’s “ October Afternoon ” (263), Mr.
A. Helcke s “ Study of Heather” (321) and “ A Bright October
Day ” (330), both rich in colour, though the sandy background
of the latter is a little too pronounced. Mr. Alfred Eart's
“ Bree Day ” (346), Mr. C. H. Poingdestre’s “ Marble Mountains
of Carrara” (356), and Mrs. Alfred Williams’ “Evening after
Rain ” (.399), all show a touch and appreciation of Nature, and
give confidence in the future of English landscape painting.
The leading American etchers have at length agreed upon
a step which, we trust, will lead to the removal of some inter¬
national grievances, and will at the same time give to etching
that place in art which it occupies in European countries. The
Society of American Etchers not only proposes to hold annual
exhibitions, bnt further to protect the works of its members
by a system of stamping, analogous to the printsellers’ stamp
in this country ; to limit the editions of each work, and thus
to give guarantees alike to the artist and the purchaser. The
officers elected for the ensuing year are Mr. Thomas Moran,
president; Mr. C. T. Turner, secretary ; and Mr. Fred Dielman,
treasurer. The society has its offices at 19, East Sixteenth-
street, New York City, U.S.A.
The first of Miss J. E. Harrison’s course of lectures
on “The Temples and Cults of Ancient Athens” was
delivered, on Nov. 2, to a crowded audience, in the theatre
of the South Kensington Museum. By means of views and
diagrams, Miss Harrison showed the growth of the Acropolis
and the building of new temples out of the materials and
on the fonndations of older ones. Of the original form
of worship practised by the oldest inhabitants of Attica
we shall probably learn very little; but, as Miss Harrison
showed, the slight traces discoverable amongst the debris point
to an early recognition of Cecrops as the founder of the Attic
race ; and his connection with Gaia, the Earth-Goddess, would
seem to suggest that the Athenians were content to refer their
origin no further back.
A memorial window has been placed in St. Luke’s Church,
Maidenhead, in memory of the late Admiral Sir A. Cooper-Key.
The window contains a representation of “ Christ instructing
from a ship the mnltitnde on the shore.”
Lord Arthur Hill, M.P., in recognition of his efforts to
secure the success of the Irish Exhibition, has been presented
with a service of plate by the exhibitors.—There is to be a
Winter Exhibition at Olympia. The main features are to be
manufactures and industries, art galleries, a fair of all nations,
promenade concerts, and a children’s pantomime.
The results of the American observations of the last transit
of Venus, in 1882, have been tabulated and summarised by Pro¬
fessor Harkness. Ten stations of observation had been estab¬
lished in the United States, and 1472 photographs of the transit
had been taken. The mean of the results gives the parallax as
8*847 min.—that is, the mean distance of the earth from the
sun is about 92,315,000 statute miles.
The medallions of the Queen on the Jubilee Memorial
Clock-Tower at Weymouth were on Oct. 31 unveiled by the
Mayor (Alderman John Groves), in the presence of the Earl
of IIChester (Lord Lieutenant of the county), Mr. Troyte
Bullock (High Sheriff of Dorset), Colonel Ham! ro, M.P. for
South Dorset, and a large concourse of the leading inhabitants
of the town and county.
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TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 10, 1883
5GG
MUSIC.
The performances of the National Russian Opera Company at
the “ Jodrell ” (late “Novelty”) Theatre have continued to
consist of repetitions of Rubinstein's opera “ The Demon," the
production of which on the opening night, Oct. 22, was duly
noticed bv us. The fine singing and acting of M. Winagradow
in the title-character has been, throughout, the chief feature
in the representations of the opera.
Mr. William Carter's concert at the Royal Albert Hall, in
celebration of Hallowe'en (already briefly referred to),brooght
forward Miss Josephine Simon, a young vocalist from San
Francisco, who made her first appearance here, and met with a
very favourable reception. She possesses a soprano voice of
very good quality, which will be heard to greater advantage
when her style is more matured. Mr. Sims Reeves and other
eminent vocalists contributed to the concert, which included
some effective part-singing by Mr. Carter's excellent choir,
some skilful vrolin-playing by Herr Johannes Wolff, and other
items. The programme was, appropriately, chiefly of a Scotch
character.
We have previously alluded to the opening of a new series
of concerts of the Royal Albert Hall Choral Society (now
called the “ Royal Choral Society”) with Mozart's “Requiem ’’
and Rossini’s “ Stabat Mater," the performances of which must
be further spoken of hereafter.
The competition for the “ Lady Jenkinson Prize" of £5 (for
the best performance of a pianoforte sonata of Beethoven)
took place, at the Guildhall School of Music, on Nov. 1, when
it was awarded to Kate Augusta Davies. There were twenty
competitors.
Four of the new series of Saturday afternoon concerts at
the Crystal Palace have now taken place. At the latest, on
Nov. 3, a new “Festal" symphony, by Mr. H. Gadsbv, was
performed for the first time. Orchestral works by the same
composer Had previously been brought forward at these concerts
with considerable success. That now referred to is the most
important and the be>t of Mr. Gadsby’s productions. It con¬
sists of the full complement of movements, in most of which
the jubilant style appropriately prevails, the intermediate
“ Adagio " being chiefly characterised by melodious grace. The
working out of the details of each movement is very skilful,
and the instrumentation full of effective variety. The sym¬
phony was so favourably received that it will, doubtless, soon
be heard again. The instrumental programme of the day
included some graceful dances by Schubert (for stringed
instruments), ballet music by M. Saint-Raens, and Mdlle.
Janotha’s fine pianoforte playing in Mendelssohn’s first con¬
certo. and a “scherzo” by Chopin. The vocalist was Mdlle.
Pouiily, who was favourably received on her first appearance
here. The violin obbligato to one of her songs wa9 well
played by Miss M. Douglas. The Promenade Concerts given
on Thursday and Saturday evenings at the Crystal Palace have
been rendered so attractive as to prove widely welcome to the
large neighbouring public.
London musical activity will receive an important and
powerful impulse on Nov. 12 by the resumption of the Monday
Popular Concerts at St, James's Hall. The inauguration of
the thirty-first season of these excellent performances will
bring gladness to the multitudes who throng to them in just
appreciation of the high and pure musical influences which
they subserve. The opening concert, which will be of strong
and sterling interest, will include the co-operation of Madame
Neruda (Lady Halle), and MM. L. Ries, Straus, and Piatti
in the string quartet; Miss Fanny Davies as solo pianist, and
Miss Liza Lehmann os vocalist. The first of the Saturday
afternoon performances will take place on Nov. 17, when Sir
Charles Halid will be the solo pianist.
Mr. Isidore De Lara will give vocal recitals, to take place
at Stein way Hall, on the afternoons of Nov. 13 and 27 ; and
Herr Waldetnar Meyer announces two important orchestral
concerts, to take place at St. James's Hall, on the evenings of
Nov. 22 and Dec. 12. Herr Meyer is a skilful violinist,
who has studied under Herr Joachim and gained eminence
abroad, and, recently, in this country.
The London Ballad Concerts will be resumed, for the
twenty-third season, at St. James's Hall, on the evening of
Nov. 21. Several eminent vocalists will contribute to the pro¬
gramme, which will also comprise violin performances by
Madame Ndruda (Lady Halle).
It is gratifying to hoar of the recovery of Madame Trebelli
from her recent severe illness.
The Royal Society of Musicians will celebrate its 150th
anniversary on Thursday evening, Nov. 29, by a grand per¬
formance of Handel’s “ Messiah ” in Westminster Abbey.
Madame Albani, Madame Patey. and other eminent artists will
be the soloists, and there will be a full band and chorus con¬
ducted by Dr. Bridge, organist of the Abbey. The occasion
will be one of high and special interest, it being the first per¬
formance of the “ Messiah ” in the Abbey since that of 1834,
when it was given, also for the benefit of the society named
above, by command of King William IV.; another point of
interest being the fact that Handel was a member and large
benefactor of the Royal Society of Musicians. It is to be
hoped that the coming performance will result in substantial
money aid to an institution that renders great service in the
support of decayed musicians, their widows and orphans, and
this by a system of unobtrusive and economical self-manage¬
ment that has few parallels.
The eminent music-publishing firm of Ricordi, of Milan,
London, and elsewhere, has lately acquired the important
copyrights and other trade interests of F. Lucca, of Milan,
who has retired from business. By this means, the already
vast number of valuable publications comprised in the
catalogue of Messrs. Ricordi has been very greatly increased.
During October, according to the Board of Trade returns,
23.478 emigrants of British origin left our shores, of whom
16,583 were English. 2325 Scotch, and 4570 Irish ; 15,781 went
to the United States, 2010 to British North America, and 3059
to Australasia. The total nnmbers in October, 1887, were
16,214 English, 2387 Scotch, and 5040 Irish, who went to the
above-named places in about the same proportions.
MARRIAGE.
On Sopt.. 27, at the honfe of the bride's father, by the Iter. G. A. S. A<lums,
Kn/rlish Chaplain at Rosario, Frederick W. Whiting, fourth ton of the Into
Captain Georjrp W. Whiting. R.N., to Anna Gateoinbo, eldest daughter of
•T. Frederick Norman, or Sanrn Fe, Argentine Republic, and grand-daughter
of the late John F. Norman, of Stnplegrovc, Somerset.
DEATH.
On Oct. 31, William James Malet Temple-Barrow, Esq., of Clyde House.
Twickenham, and of Southwell, Notts, the eldest sou o? the late Captain
C. I. Barrow, of Southwell, Notts, aged 36.
Tfie charge for the insertion of Births, Marriages, and Deaths,
' is Five Shillings.
OBITUARY.
r.ORU NEW BOROUGH.
Sir Spencer Balkeley Wynn, third Baron Ncwborongli in the
- Peerage of Ireland,
and fourth Baronet
of England, died on
Nor. 1. aged eighty-
fire. Ho was second
son of Sir Thomas
Wynn, third Baronet,
first Lord New.
borough, by Maria
Stella Petronilla, his
second wife, and sne-
oeeded to the family
honours at the death
of his elder brother, in
1832. He married. May 10. 1834, Frances Maria, eldest
daughter of the Rer. Walter De Winton, of Hay Castle
Breconshire, and by her (who died on Nor. 18, 183?) he had
several children. The eldest son. the Hon. Thomas John Wynn,
dying in the lifetime of his father, the title devolves on his
eldest son, William Charles, now fonrth Lord Newborongh
who is in minority, haring been born in 1873. The late
Lord's daughter, Isabella Elizabeth, is married to Rowland
Viscount Hill. ■ A very carious and interesting story attaches
to Maria Stella, Lady Newborongh, which is fully narrated in
Sir Bernard Burke's “ Vicissitudes of Families.”
SIR BENJAMIN CHAPMAN, PART.
Sir Benjamin James Chapman, fourth Bart., of Kiilna Castle
Westmeath ; Lord Lientenant and Custos Rotu-
“* lornm of that county, died on Nor. 3. He a-ns
born on Feb. 9, 1810, the second son of Sir
Thomas Chapman, second Bart., by Margate 1 ,
rer - —I bis wife, daughter of Mr. James Fetherston, of
(y) | Bracklin Castle, and succeeded to the title and
extensive estates of the family at the death of
his brother in 1832. From 1841 to 1847, be
sat in Parliament on the Liberal interest for
the connty of Westmeath. He married, in 1849,
Maria, daughter of Mr. Richard Steel Fether-
stonbangh, and had two sons and one daughter.
The elder son, now Sir Montagu Richard Chap-
mau, fifth Bart., of Kiilna Castle, was born on Feb. 22, 1833.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Sir Lewis Whineop Jarvis, on Nov. 2, at his residence,
Middleton Towers, King’s Lynn, after a prolonged illness, in
his seventy-second year.
The Kev. George Cooper, M.A., R.N., at his residence,
Fairfield, Liverpool, on Oct. 23, aged eighty-five years. He
was senior naral instructor and chaplain, haring entered the
service in 1835. He served on the flag-Bhip Blenheim at the
taking of the forts of Bocca Tigris and the capture of Amoy
and Chin-bae in 1841, and received the Chinese war medal
for meritorious services.
_ Count Van Bylandt, the Netherlands Minister to the Court
of St. James, who was specially instructed to attend the
bicentenary celebration of the landing of the Prince of Orange,
on Nov. 5 laid the foundation-stone for a statue of the Prince,
to be erected on the beach at Brixham, Devon. There was a
large concourse of spectators.
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OILKS, DRESSES, MANTLES,
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Boo Pieces real CHINA SILKS, per yard, Is. 6d.,
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SEAL nnd OTTER MANTLE FLUSHES, per yard,
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New BROCADED SILKS and SATINS, specially
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600 Pieces extra rich STRIPED SATIN and VELVET,
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450 Boxes VELVET-VELVETEENS, extra wide and
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3(H) Pieces fine FRENCH CASHMERES, per yard.
Is. lid.. 2s. 6d.
230 Pieces FRENCH MERINOS, tier yard. Is. 9d.
All-Wool CASIMIRS, «> shades, per yard. 9id., is.
ALASKA SEAL MANTLE CLOTH, 54 In. wide, per
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3000 new AUTUMN SKIRTINGS.2s.6d.to 10s.6d.each.
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NEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS, with Capes
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TRAVELLING CLOAKS from 33 b. 6d. to 5 5 0
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CHILDREN’S COSTUMES, Real Devonshire
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CHILDREN’S Silk nnd Fancy COSTUMES .. 0 18 11
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
a will fdsvtwl Aug. 2, 18X3), with three codicils (dated
r. 28, 1385, and April 12 and Ang. 16. 1888), of Mr. George
■ nor Cent Annnitie*, and all his Railway shares, the trust* contained
;th the exception of those of the Baltimore and become void.
pany), upon trust, to pay £230 per annum for The will (dated Sept. 3'
will as to his business having 1
William Potter, Into of Bonrnemouth, and of Messrs. Cassell,
Fetter, and Co., Ludgate-hill, who died on Sept. 16 last, was
proved on Nov. 1 by the Rev. William Dixon liaise Fetter, the
son. Arthur Fetter'the brother, Theodore Albert Mitchell, and
William Parren, the executors, the value of the personal
estate amounting to upwards of £520,000. The testator
bequeaths £50 to the Church Missionary Society; £20 each to
Mrs. Fegan's Boys’ Home (Southwark-street), the North Devon
Potomac Company), upon trnst, to
two years to his two nephews, hi
annual payment of £10 each durin
the residue of the income to his sa
at her death, upon further trust, a
Stock and the Two and a Half per C<
The testator testament appoint among hi:
»ay £250 per annum for The will (dated Sept. 30, 1887), with two codicils (dated
executors, and then an March 3 and Aug. 18, 1888), of Mr. William Freer Scholfield,
r his daughter’s life, and i a te of No. 55, Onslow-gardens, South Kensington, who died
d daughter, for life : and ou Oct. 10, was proved on Oct. 25 by the Rev. Charles Richard
to the Board of Works Scholfield, the son and sole executor, the value of the personal
ts. as she shall by will or estate being sworn to exceed £74,000. The testator bequeaths
kin ; and as to the Rail- a u his wines and consumable stores, the use and enjoyment,
way Securities as she shall appoint generally. The residue of f or life, of his household furniture and domestic effects, and
his property he 1<
uity of £1200 to his wife, Mrs. Mary Champio
Infirmary and the North Devon Dispensary at BarnsUple, Sfc Mary , g H ospitol .'and £4000’to the British
London Hospital, Guy’s Hospital, the Middlesex Hospital, and field: annuities of £100 to his cousin Emma Hindly and
the British and Foreign Bible Society, the Religions Tract
Society of Scotland, the Asylum for Idiots at Earlswood, the
Home for Incurables at Putney, the Printers’ Pension, Alms¬
house, and Orphan Asylum, the Newsvendors’ Benevolent and
Provident Institution,"the Booksellers’ Benevolent Institution,
the Newspaper Press Fund. Dr. Barnardo’s Home, and the
Orphanage at Stockwell founded by Mr. Spurgeon ; £500 each to
his sister. Charlotte, and his friend, Thomas Dixon Galpin ; £250
to his brother Edwin ; £50 each to the children of his brothers
Edwin and Arthur, £350 each to Theodore Albert Mitchell and
William Parren, an annuity of £250 and 150 shares in Cassell
and Co., Ld. to his brother Arthur, and legacies to friends,
servants, and others. He devises the advowson and perpetual
right of presentation to the rectory and church of St.
Leonard, Exeter, to the Rev. James Frederick Sheldon, and
his estate called Down Grange, Basingstoke, to his son William
Dixon Halse Petter. He gives his wife £1500, his house at
Bournemouth for life, and an annuity of £2500 during widow¬
hood, to be redneed to £750 in the cventof her again marrying.
The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves between
his children, William, Horace, Clara, Lillie, and Gertrude, the
shares of his daughters and son Horace to be held in trust for
j r ?j Bible Society, if the residue shall be sufficient, and the ultimate
Liras 6 residue, if any, to his daughter.
i an( i The will and codicil of Mr. George Stovin Venables, Q.C.,
ition late of Mitre-court, Temple, and Llysdinan Hall, Brecon, who
l the died on Oot. r '» 'rere proved on Nov. 1 by the Rev. Richard
to Lister Venables, the brother, Franklin Lushington. and Row-
£050 land George Venables, the executors, the value of the personal
thera estate exceeding £146,000. The testator bequeaths £2000 to
1 and Franklin Lushington, £200 to Rowland George Venables, £500
in'"Cassell to the Rev. Herbert Venables, and many other legacies and
to friends annuities. The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves
etuai to his brother, the Rev. Richard Lister Venables,
f St. The will (dated March 3, 1885), with a codicil (dated
and May 4, 1888).-of Mr. Arthur Littledale, formerly of Fullford,
lliam The Park, Cheltenham, but late of East Cliff House, Bournc-
se at mouth, who died on Sept. 2, was proved on Oct. 27 by the Rev.
to the British and Foreign £30 to Anne Headley; and legacies to servants. The residue
11 be sufficient, and the ultimate 0 f his real and personal estate he leaves to his son, the Rev.
Charles Richard Scholfield, for his own use and benefit.
George Stovin Venables, Q.C., The will (dated 1887), and a codicil (dated April 6,1888),
Llysdinan Hall, Brecon, who 0 f ^[ r John Archibald Tryon, late of Stamford, Lincoln, who
n Nov. 1 by the Rev. Richard died on June 24 last, were proved on Oct. 30, by Daniel John
ranklin Lushington, and Row- Evans, Joseph Phillips, and Edward Worsfold Mowll, the
rotors, the value of the personal executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £19,000.
he testator bequeaths £2000 to The testator bequeaths £2000 to Daniel John Evans ; £1000
Rowland George Venables, £500 each to Joseph Phillips and Edward Worsfold Mowll ; £5000
and many other legacies and to t fi e g on> Mrs. Clementina Tryon, wife of Admiral George
:al and personal estate he leaves Tryon ; £5000, npon trust, to pay the income to Miss Macleod,
a Lister Venables. for jjf e; £500 to Thomas Peter Greenwood; £500 to his groom,
1885), with a codicil (dated and other legacies. The residue of his real and personal estate he
ittledale, formerly of Fullford, leaves between the daughters of Lieut.-Colonel Tryon and
e of East Cliff House, Bourne- Richard Tryon, share and share alike.
is proved on Oct. 27 by the Rev. T he will (dated Dec. 2, 1881), with a codicil (dated Aug. 5,
Charles Edward Littledale and Captain Henry Charles Little- ig86), of Mrs. Elizabeth Antrobus, late of No. 72, Coronatioi
dale, the sons and executors, the valne of the personal estate
exceeding £143,000. The testator gives all his moveable
property and live and dead stock at his mansion house, £ 1000,
and an annuity of £1200 to his wife, Mrs. Emily Denton Little-
and at their death to their children as they shall dale; £5000 to each of his daughters, Mrs. Georgiana Emily
respectively appoint. Tottenham and Mrs. Henrietta Julia Makgill, for their own
The will (dated July 7, 1888) of Mr. John Griffith, late of separate use ; and £200 to each executor. The residue of his
No. 6, Hanover-terrace, Regent's Park, and formerly of Fins- real and personal estate he leaves to his five sons, Charles
bury-place, who died on Sept. 21, was proved on Oct. 25 by Edward, Henry Arthur, Fletcher CastelL Hungerford, Herbert
Samuel Clewin Griffith and Daniel Clewin Griffith, the Charles Thornton, and Frank Loftus. in equal shares,
nephews, and Miss Mary Anne Harconrt Griffith, the daughter, The will (dated May 7, 1886) of Mr. Herbert Glendining
the executorB, the value of the personal estate amounting to Bainbridge. formerly of Leamington, but late of Malvern Hall,
upwards of £178,000. The testator bequeaths £1500 each to Solihull, Warwickshire, who died on Aug. 29 last, was proved
Susanna Bateman Tindall and Florence Rosalie Laming ; on Oct. 25 by Herbert William Bainbridge, the son, William
£4000 to Bateman Harconrt; £3000 to Elizabeth Harcourt; Maunsell Reeves, Arthur Torriano Rickards, and Mrs. Rose
£1000, and about £5800 stock of the Gas Ligt tand Coke Com- Bainbridge, the widow, the executors, the value of the personal
pany and the Imperial and Continental Gas Company, to be estate amounting to over £85.000. The testator bequeaths
divided between his nieces, Mrs. Fanny Norman, Mary Anne £1000, and all his furniture, plate, glasc, &c., to his wife, Mrs.
Griffith, and Susanna Clewin Griffith ; £1500, on trust, for the Rose Bainbridge ; and £200 to William Maunsell Reeves. 'The
children of John Clewin Griffith ; £2500 to Elizabeth residue of his real and personal estate he leaves, upon trust,
Cookson Bowyer ; £3500 and his house in Upper Bedford- to pay the income thereof to his wife, for life or widowhood,
place to Samuel Clewin Griffith; £3500 and his houses in she paying each of his sons who have attained twenty-one
Woburn - square and Torrington - square to Daniel Clewin £200 per annum ; but, in the event of her remarriage, she is
Griffith; and many other legacies. He gives £30,000 to receive a fixed annuity of £3iH). Subject thereto the whole
Metropolitan Board of Works Stock. £22.000 of the Two of his property is to be divided between his children in certain
road, Bristol, widow, who died on Sept. 21, was proved on
Oct. 27 by Christian Philip Sachs, John Goode, and Henry
Havard, the executors, the value of the personal estate
exceeding £11,000. The testatrix bequeaths £1100 South
Indian Railway Stock to her nephew Henry Havard; £1200
Scinde Railway Stock, upon trust, for her brother, Charles
Havard, for life; £1762 Annuities, upon trust, for George
Havard; £1300 Madras Railway Stock, upon trust, for
Edward Havard, for life, and then, npon further trust, for
Louisa, his wife; £1500 Bombay and Baroda Railway Stock
to his sister Sophia Sachs, npon trust, for her life; and on their
respective deaths to the children of Edward Havard. The
residue of her property she leaves between Henry, George, and
Elizabeth Havard.
The testator bequeaths The command of the 1st Battalion Durham Light Infantry
riasc. &c. to his wife Mrs. bas been bestowed on Colonel Russell Upcher, who served
iam Maunsell Reeves.’ 'The with distinction in the Zulu war.
state he leaves, upon trust, By permission of the authorities of the British Museum,
rife, for life or widowhood. Mr. W. St. Chad Boscawen, the Aseyriologist, has begun a
have attained twenty-one special series of lectures on the history and antiquities of
, of her remarriage, she is ancient Babylonia. The subject of the present series is the
Subject thereto the whole Creation, Paradise, and Deluge legend. The lectures are sup-
een his children in certain pleraented, as usual, by a series of explanatory gallery tours.
Van Houten’S
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NOV. 10. 1888
TyjOKE
NEW MUSIC.
tosti's vkw songs.
AND MORE.
»?“ r u" r M ” ,r '
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
, we ’'T r VA rT E xr^ H ' TE S • VE ' V *»*
' ELL G U? yB %°n RE MOVING.
BECAUSE I LOVE THEE
F ORTH THE WINE.
OFLOVE.’“ U ° 8t “ rtU “ ,a -
Words by T. Moore.
NEW p. »osf, USIC -
pASTORELLA. Waltz.
piCK-A-BACK. Polka.
SUMMER NIGHT e m_ I MTOICH. Waltz. | --
L)REAM CTHEr°WaT“'
c^peu. Pou,try, e.c.
S°
pOUR
DAY
NEW MUSIC.
[ METZLE ?pb 8 ^ n CCESSPUL
I Aiitomou. SlcrllanKVmS"^*; F ** fl *'nn
Com-
MAPLE & 00.
TABLE linens.
j table linens.
I '5 t«*. many o
I raa^W'WiSsaH 1 '"" 4 -
A p “ r .
_A Su,
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NE -syi
are now be .
of n suhRt»iiii«i Lv—comprise a large variety of CLOTHS
-- --- 1 lu < x ouirry, e.c
parta of the World, ° ulneM - Teatlmoniais from mil |
’ring Thor
v 1
A SONG OP sp* iv '
IS® WALLOW SONG ' ” T ”‘ ,r, ug Tin
rK.asrcg heIvIs 14 ' 1 ;; ™r,' 1
ISKPeiSJFA ?#’ EN - - «<nry.Ki.
r&w&Etr* 1 ™ ■■ %»r u *"“«
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Music.
, which, Swt5f , purS*2S er w?i t i l?L ® v '«n;day* famiiy use, an
Srndinm. tj| * the last. The T'iIIm..”* reUin their
| ) extra liiutj’iJi 1 ti. ar,i '- ,ro ” *■ M.; bott'oTSmy!
TABLE linens,
table linens.
stocks are
Sea
—Included in the stocks
^it P Md*^)ro| l inetors° , e^^^i^.^* ,8,t ^ a ^ l,8 ^®^'s^^Mieoel
S£ - t3ss'^i^|a°. i ;i!S
569
i UU^f^nHsr-
1 Through hookings m nriiri.?,« # een I -." , idon mi<| Brighton
I Brighton, _ * om Bri »hion (Ceutral Station; or West
j SUNDAY. - First
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“ * " (Centra, stall,m, S^^'rS'Vti
w
S T.
S T -
S T '
A CASKET °P VOCAL GE3I8 FOR l«
, “ORLEY -d o CO.S s NEW SERIES of
JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS ' 1 UC
•■..cMnKt&ta'ber?"
ssfn»iSAs& •■ ■• ■• cm°p,r:;!:
Someone's Sweetheart “ ” £"■<» Ptnsuti.
~ JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS ’
The Outpost .. .. '■ •* y |,,, i>as Hutchinson.
The Watchman *’ “ ‘ lr >* Fm-juti.
T. JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS ' 11 -
KSyrS”" 1 “aSw on!J'.
WALTZ. Mrs.
rforraed at d^PraJELi.. r
MAEJORffiWA^TTW^ir
__ Pl*>ed eve ry wiiere. UC gft net
_ The Quadrille of the 2 ? U n c d t rille - |
lyjETZLER’S CHRISTMAS ALBUM OF
May (1st .'ereV V. i-,,ii’,p w’ r ,', ta, ?. , 1 nK ~
■ F. H. (
S T -
~ JAMES’S SONG.BOOKS.““ HU ' C
■*■ N ew Hum,
The Merry Old Mi
Turning the Tat/
Cleverly Caught
is Diehl.
auo merry V1U
Turning the Tahlca
m -... .aj, uaiaicott.
_ Henry Poniot.
■■ JAMES’S SONG-BOOKs'° rai,,Ck '
A Vision ° k 5 ’ Popu,a ’ r Songs worth Singing
Only Then.Henry Pnntec.
iSsfe*. :: gar"
JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS. ' 0 " 1 ”-
By tiled i.hor Door I! ” ”
mgptU - ;:
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-yyEDDING and BIRTHDAY PRESENTS
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Eleventh Edition, la.; post-tree, 12stamps
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570
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 10, 188S
TIIB LA PIES’ COLUMN.
For evening wear in the winter season it is very desirable to
have a bodice which protects the chest fairly well. The fullest
of full dress undeniably exacts the scantiest of scant shoulder
and arm coverings. But occasions exacting such toilettes are
very rare at this season of the year, and the ever-growing
tendency amongst us to independence of judgment about our
costume and to oliedience to the dictates of common sense can
have its way. It is much less risky to have a bodice cut down
only in front than both back and front. It is less than half as
dangerous, because it is easy to protect the front of the chest
momentarily on perceiving or passing through a draught, by
raising the fan or the hand, or turning the back (if covered)
in the direction of the danger ; but it is not possible to thus
counteract the insidious effect of draught when the shoulders
are unprotected. The lungs arc as close to the surface and as
prone to receive a chill at the back of the shoulders as they
are at the chest. The moral is, that in winter a bodice cut
low at the back should never be worn when it can bo helped.
One place in which it is certainly not compulsory—and
equally certainly not wise—to wear fully low dresses, is at
the theatre. These are most draughty edifices, especially near
the stage in the stalls. Frenchwomen wear high though
smart bodices to the theatre, as a rule. An attempt was made
recently in England by a few u omen of position to bring the
handsome and richly-trimmed tea-gowns, which are so generally
used for home dinner dresses, into use for the theatre. The more
elaborate tea-gowns, indeed, differ in no respect but a slight
looseness in the fit from the Princess robes which were so
fashionable a few years ago. However, the movement has
not yet succeeded. But the short “ tea-jackets,” as we call
them—in Paris they are confessedly theatre bodices—worn
with a nice skirt, are quite fit for opera or for small party wear.
They are in every sense bodices, only differing from ordinary
costume bodies in being smarter than a walking or morning-
dress could possibly be. and yet not at all cat down at the
throat, or deprived of a large portion of their sleeves, ns
even demi-toilette gowns generally are. In a “ tea-jacket ” the
back and sides fit the figure closely, but the front is usually
loose, though held in to the waist by a belt, or by a few
stitches on to the fitted lining.
Such a jacket was worn, and looked well, in a box at the
Empire Theatre on the first night of the new ballet. It was
of red plush, with Direetoire revers of Bilk in the same shade,
the different sheen of the two materials giving needful variety;
the vest was of white lace gathered in slightly to the waist, but,
nevertheless, falling easily; the collar was covered with lace,
and closed with a diamond fichu-pin. Another, which I
inspected recently at a French dressmaker's, was of gold satin
brocaded in Oriental tints, in which red predominated : a very
handsome material. This was cut with a has jue barely reach¬
ing below the waist, even at the extreme back ; and a vest
(which did not quite reach the waist) of finely-pleated
plain gold silk, was held in to the fignre by a folded
"Empire” sash of red silk. The inevitable three buttons
of old silver decorated the loose edge of the bodice where it
met the vest on either side, and above them revers turned
back, faced with red silk, the extreme points of these coming
right over the arm. The favourite copper-red, which is this
season to be called " terra-cotta” (quite a different hue from
the terra-cotta of two years ago), made up well with a dark-
blue plush, the latter forming an edging down either side of the
fronts, and also a collar, and about half the sleeves, which were
slashed out irregularly with the terra-cotta drawn through, so
as to have quite a moyen-ige effect; while the back and sides,
and the vest folded across from either shoulder towards the
waist, were all of the soft terra-cotta silk merveillenx. Such
bodices go particularly well with plain black lace or dark-
coloured silk skirts, especially if a wide moire or faille sash
matching the bodies in tint be added. Snch costumes are
eminently suitable, not only for the theatre but also for a small
evening party, or for an at home or quiet and friendly dinner.
The newest of all new things is in veils. They are more
like the quaint “ falls ” that onr grandmothers wore than like
anything we have ever donned. The veil, of lace or point
d'esprit net, fits quite round the hat, or the high brim of the
bonnet, and falls loosely over the whole face; just beneath
the chin, it is provided with a running-string of narrow
ribbon, which ties round the throat, so that the bottom of the
veil formsa full frill or collarette of lace! The small, light veils
so long worn are, it appears, to be practically superseded by
longer and loosely-hanging ones; indeed, the broad-brimmed hats
and high-peaked bonnets now fashionable almost demand that
change. Bnt the eccentric arrangement of a throatlet affixed
is another matter. It is very fashionable in Paris, and the
London shopkeepers say that these veils are already selling
very rapidly here.
Emigration is so easy and simple a method of disposing of
surplus population that it is difficult to convince some people
that it does not settle the whole question of poverty. But in a
new land, men come face to face with the primal conditions of
existence. There they learn, however here they may ignore or
deny, that capital is needed, as well as labonr. for the production
of all articles of necessity and use. There they learn that the
arts and refinements of life are luxuries obtained only at
the price of previous saving of wealth. It is of no
use to put human beings down on new soil without the
means of cultivating it, and without the will and the
ability to do the hard manual labour that is the basis of the
social superstructure everywhere. In Australia, in New Zealand,
in the far west of America, everywhere the same truth is
found—that it is not all men and women that will find a subsist¬
ence there, bnt that it is labourers of either sex in the prime of
their productive powers, possessed of health and strength and
willingness to do the hard and coarse work of life for whom
alone there is room. This specially applies to women.
Lady Carrington, the wife of the Governor-General of New
South Wales, has just written over to warn educated women
against going to that colony, unless they are prepared to do
servants' work. Mrs. Steadman Aldis, wife of the Professor,
sent a similar warning from Auckland some time ago.
Even domestic servants find that they must work far harder,
and do much rougher and more miscellaneous duties, than
the better class of servants are asked or will agree to
undertake here. They go over thinking they can’t do washing,
they can't clean boots and windows, and so on ; but they soon
discover that such objections prevent their getting places at
all, although their wages will be higher than at home when
they do get into situations. English women who hnve to
support themselves should know that this is the state of the
case, according to responsible testimony; and hence that we
cannot look to emigration as a perfect panacea for our
" over-womaned” difficulty.
The ladies nominated as candidates for the London School
Board are only seven in number—far from a due proportion of
the fifty-two members, even if all the women candidates were to
be elected. They are—Mrs. Ashton Dilke (W. Lambeth), a lady
of mnch ability; Mrs. Evans (Westminster), who has an ex¬
cellent record ns a Guardian for the Strand Union ; Mrs.
Augusta Webster (Chelsea), who has been a member of the
Board for six years, and who is an eminent literary woman, of
gracioos bearing and excellent temper; Miss Davenport-lUlI
(City), already for nine years a member ; Mrs. Hicks (Mary-
lebone) and Mrs. Besant (Tower Hamlets), both Socialists;
and Mrs. Maitland (Marylebone), who comes before the public
for the first time. Florence Fenwick-Milleb.
A meeting of the Mansion House Committee in connection
with the Metropolitan Exhibition of the Itoyal Agricultural
Society next year was held on Nov. 5, when it was announced
that £3200, in addition to £2000 collected at Windsor, had
been received towards the required fnnd of £20,000.
In recognition of his pnblic services during the last three
years, a complimentary dinner was given on Nov. E, by
members of the London School Board, to the Rev. Joseph R.
Diggle, M.A., the chairman. The gathering took place at the
Whitehall Rooms of the Hotel Miitropole, and was presMed
over by Sir Richard Temple, M.P., the vice-chairman.
A large deputation of the inhabitants of the Ward of
Farringdon Without waited on the Lady Mayoress (Lady
De Keyser) at the Mansion House on Nov. 5 in order to
present to her a full-length portrait of her husband, the Lord
Mayor, as an expression of their esteem and their appreciation
of the manner in which the duties of the Mayoralty have been
carried out during the year. The presentation was made on
the part of the subscribers by Mr. Deputy Walter.
The retirement of Dr. G. H. Savage, M.D., from the office
of Resident Physician and Medical Superintendent of Bethiem
Hospital, to commence private practice in London ns a con¬
sulting physician for mental disease, has given occasion to a
signal demonstration of esteem for his character and services.
On Friday, Nov. 2, he was entertained at the Cafe Royal by
the past and present principal officers and resident students of
the hospital and others, including the treasurer, Major Cope¬
land (author of the interesting “ History of Bridewell.” which
we lately noticed) ; Dr. Hack Tuke, joint-editor with Dr.
Savage of the Journal of Mental Science; Dr. F. Taylor,
Professor Stewart, of the Royal College of Surgeons ; and
Dr. Miokley. Superintendent Physician of St. Luke's Hospital.
Dr. Percy Smith, who succeeds Dr. Savage at Bethiem,
was in the chair. A testimonial gift, consisting of a large
silver bowl and a pair of candelabra, manufactured by Mr. G.
Lambert, of Coventry-street, was presented to Dr. Savage, with
an illuminated address, declaring high appreciation of his
exceptional ability and scientific attainments, and of bis
energetic and judicious administration, by which steady pro¬
gress has been effected in the rational and humane treatment
of the patients. He entered Bethiem Hospital, with full
medical qualifications, as a student in 1811(1, became one of the
resident medical officers in 1872, and has been Superintendent
Physician since 1878. He is author of the valuable "Manual
of Insanity.” The toast of the evening was proposed by Dr.
Miokley, and that of “Prosperity to Bethiem Hospital” by
Dr. Beach, to which the treasurer responded. Mr. G. II.
Haydon, the oldest in continuous service of the officers of tho
hospital, after bearing his testimony to its admirable manage¬
ment under Dr. Savage, proposed the health of Dr. Percy
Smith, who has been three years assistant medical officer, after
a distinguished career at St. Thomas’s Hospital, and who is
now in charge of Bethiem as Resident Physician.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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All ROAD.
VOL. XCIII.
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 1
AND TINTED
THE NEW PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, GENERAL HARRISON,
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 17,
674
OUR NOTE BOOK,
BY JAMES PAYN.
There arc three ladies in America who make a profession of
teaching whist. If there were but a fourth—for one cannot
imagine any lady playing '‘dummy"—they would form the
most charming rubber in the world. But of course these
blessings to civilisation arc scattered over the United States,
like missionaries: only, instead of forming congregations,
they *' establish whist-centres." I hope also they have another
institution in common with missionary enterprise—that of
“ making a collection " ; for the labourer in every field is
worthy of his hire. Wo learn from the Milwaukee Sentinel
that that town rejoices in the presence of the most eminent of
these three lady professors. The Milwaukee young women, of
whom no less than 1113 arc or have been her pupils, are as dis¬
tinguished in this branch of science as arc our own Girton and
Newnham girls in other branches. Their “ head”—to use the
term employed in “ The Princess " for the lady who occupied a
somewhat similar position—has written treatises on whist, wo
are told, “ for several railroad companies for issuance in book
form." It would therefore seem that these students are so
eager to attain proficiency that they even play in the trains.
This is diligence imitts!; and it is humiliating to reflect that
if they followed this wholesome and delightful pursuit in our
own country, they might be taken up, under a bye-law, and
prosecuted as card-sharpers. I noticed, only last week, an
indignant letter from some morose traveller on the Brighton
railway demanding to know why this law was not enforced,
and the whist-players—the spectacle of whose simple enjoy¬
ment had stirred his bile—were not thrown into dungeons.
But in Milwaukee—rather a faster place, one would think,
than its name suggests—there is Liberty, though no licenso
(unless I have been misinformed) for spirituous liquors. What
I would like to read, even more than this professor’s treatises,
would be her educational experiences.
I have tried to teach young ladies whist myself—of course
I played (and I venture to hope there was reciprocity in the
stake) for love—but with rather unsuccessful results. They
did not say, as I once heard a well-known philosopher observe,
when compelled to make up a rubber—“ I protest, at starting,
against any inference being drawn by my partner from any
card I may happen to playbht it was evidently on that
understanding that they proceeded. Unlike him, however,
they always professed to know the game : “ We are not scien¬
tific players, you know, as we want to become; but we have
family whist at home.” “ Do your people play the penul¬
timate J" I once inquired of one of them. “ Not that I know
of," she answered (very sweetly, bnt with some of that
‘ amazement" which is so deprecated in the marriage ser¬
vice). “Sophie plays the piano, and Jnlia the harp; but
none of us play the penultimate.” It was one of my chief
difficulties that I could not prevent my pupils' thoughts from
straying from the matter in hand into distant spheres. I
canid never make them perceive the conventional invitation
for trumps. *• You didn't notice my ask-for-trumps ?" I would
sometimes delicately observe, when all had been lost throngh
that neglect. My fair partners would only smile (which,
however. I need not say was recompense enough for me) and
shake their pretty heads ; one of them replied, “ I never heard
you." My best pupil used to boast that she could “ always see
a ‘ picture-petcr';" but she couldn't. As for asking for trumps
themselves, to give you an idea of how they grasped, the mean¬
ing of it—not that they were stupid (they were as sharp as
needles, only some other magnet than the game of whist was
always attracting them)—one of them once said to me, “ Why
should I have asked; I had plenty of them.’ ” In Milwankee—
whose whist club is, we are told, the largest in the West—its
lady professor may not have had these difficulties to overcome;
or, ns is very probable, she was much sharper with her pupils
than I ever dared, or wished, to be ; bnt her experience with
them would lie very interesting, and, for once, a novel con¬
tribution to the great female educational movement.
“Justice to Jurymen” would not be a bad cry to go to the
country with—and also the'town. There is, very properly,
much sympathy expressed for the unemployed, but very little
for this unhappy class, who arc employed but don't want to
be. They are summoned in the most violent and offensive
terms that the Law can devise, though (becausein this case she
is not paid for tediousness) in unusually curt ones, and with a
vague threat ("whereof fail not") to conclude with. The
affair is so managed that the greatest possible inconvenience
is inflicted ; there is no name on the summons to indicate to
whom you arc to state that you arc dangerously ill, while
“ personal attendance ' to explain your reason for exemption to
the Court is absolutely insisted upon. If one had an infectious
disorder, it would be a great temptation to accede to this
proposal, and “give it" the Court. If you do go, you are
hustled by ushers, and kept “cooling your heels," and much move
delicate portions of your frame, in draughts, and told “ to
wait,” or that you arc not wanted to-day, but most come to¬
morrow, ami all this with an impertinence of manner that
only belongs (with the exception, perhnps, of an underling in
a Government office) to a myrmidon of the law. If, on the
other hand, yon are one of the Elect, you have by no means the
groat advantages ascribed to persons in that condition. Yon
will be shut up in a box without a lid to it, and have, perhaps,
to listen for many days to arguments about the right
of way through some moor or wood, where nobody in his
censes, one would think, would ever want to go, and in which
it is impossible to take the faintest interest—and all for
twenty-one shillings by way of recompense. The jury system
may lie a necessity, for all I know ; bnt the victims who are
sacrificed to it, and are the only persons concerned, from the J udgo
to the doorkeeper, who are not decently remunerated for their
services, should at least be t rested with civility and shielded from
discomfort. It is not a personal matter, for, thank Heaven 1 I
have an infirmity which releases me from this obligation; I am
pleading for my fellow-creatures to whom this public service is
made so abhorrent that—worse than soldiers who maim them¬
selves to escape the military yoke—some of them will even
pretend to have neither creed nor morals in order to evade it.
And now—last grain that breaks the camel's back—a Judge
has decreed that the consolations of literature (even through¬
out a right-of-way case) must be denied to jurymen. Once in
'the box, they are to be spared not one syllable of forensic
eloquence—the opening of the counsel, the contests between
himself and his learned friend on the other side, the badgering
of the witnesses, the summing-up of the Judge. To look at a
newspaper is pronounced to be contempt of Court. Well, per¬
haps there is something to be said against newspapers : the
newspaper has speeches in it, and may produce somnolency;
but would there be any harm in a juryman who is getting
vertigo from a right-of-way case, to refresh himself with a
pocket novel and then to vote with bis foreman or tho
majority, whichever seems to promise the quickest way out of
his trouble.’ I notice—if I may say as much without disrespect
to any Commission, Parliamentary or otherwise—that when
Judges themselves have to act as jurymen they don’t seem to
like it.
A great poet has told us that in his boyhood be was
under the mistaken impression that the tree-tops were“closo
against the sky," and that when he came to maturity “ it
gave him little joy ” to know that he was farther off from
heaven than when he was a boy. It onght (by analogy) to
give general satisfaction that the sun has been discovered to
be nearer us than we thought it was. By establishing ten
stations of observation in the United States, and taking 1472
photographs of the transit of Venus,an American astronomer has
found that the parallax is 8847 minutes. She must go much
faster than a mile a minute, since the total result of our distance
from the great luminary is thus proved to be 92,385,000
miles. Previous British calculation added erroneously 130,000
miles to these figures—a circumstance which was, no doubt,
mado use of in the late Irish vote for the Presidency, as
evidencing onr desire to keep the democracy os much as
possible in the dark.
In these days of doubt as to the failure or success of mar¬
riage, a late matrimonial event at Barnet between two
“ parties " of an age to know tbeir own minds and with a pro¬
longed experience of the subject in question, has a peculiar
attraction and significance. The proportion of their years to
one another was exactly what is recommended by the highest
authorities, the gentleman being Beventy-six and the lady
seventy-one; and notwithstanding that they bad been dependent
on one another’s society for half their lifetime they had never
complained of ennui at home. On the other hand, they had
applied for and obtained “ out-door relief," which .was the
cause of their interesting case being made public. This grant
in aid was objected to by certain of the parish guardians, on
account of their never having been bound together by what
an eloquent female writer has termed “ the golden chain of
matrimonial slavery," with which it was therefore decided
they should be, even thus tardily, at once united. As they were
unhappily without the means of giving the usual dejefiner, or
even providing one for themselves, one of the workhouse
authorities kindly undertook to supply a wedding-cake, and
another provided a carriage and pair (let ns hope with favours)
to transport the happy pair to church. An immense congre¬
gation witnessed the ceremony, which went off without a hitch
save for the absence of a ring, which was, however, ingeni¬
ously furnished from a pew curtain. The result of this some¬
what unusual alliance will be watched by all those interested
in this much-debated question with curiosity. Whatever
happens amiss can, at least, never be set down to the ordinary
causes of recklessness and precipitancy, or disregard of tho
advice of friends.
The S/ieetati’r has a correspondent in New Zealand who
sends it a charming aneedote this week of a young Maori's
sacrifice to vanity. Someone had given him a pair of boots :
but finding them too short, and being unable to force them on,
he sliced off his big toes with a hatchet, to harmonise with
the length of the other ones, applied some juice of the flax
plant ( I’hurmium lunar) — the giving the botanical name"
strikes one as a very pretty touch in such a story—to stop
the bleeding, and wore the boots till they (not the boots,
but his toes) were healed. No donbt, in a male, such vanity
is rare ; but I know many a Mary here at home (the name is
spelt a little differently, and the sex is feminine, bnt the charac¬
ter is identical) who endnres similar torments every day of
her life, not only in her “ tootsicums" (as she calls her feet,
which are not quite so diminutive as she would have them
to be), but in much more vital portions of her dainty frame.
To one who is acquainted with the structure of the human
body the sight of her waspish waist arouses the tenderest pity ;
one is inclined—though, of course, one never docs, or hardly
ever—to put one's arm (twice) round it and murmur; “ How
can you, can you do sol” To poke fun at the poor New
Zealand dude, who, at least, has his Phnnnium tenar, while
Buch things are being done at home, “ in the best circles,” without
any such mitigation, is surely to strain at a gnat and swallow
a camel.
Literature is but a poor calling, so far as its profits aro
concerned, to any of its professors, but least of all to those
whose mission is to make science popular. A few—a very
few—scientific men of reputation may command a sale
among the rich and learned for great works of a corresponding
bulk and price ; but those whose humble, but not less useful,
task is to teach the secrets of science to the crowd must do so
by means of cheap books; am! “ the crowd," compared with the
public that welcome a lighter kind of literature, is not a large
one. If the education of their fellow-creatures is not, like
virtue, its own reward, its remuneration is still very small;
and those who arc benefited by it owe them something beside
gratitude. The late Mr. R. A. Proctor, the astronomer, is an
example of this ill-rewarded class. A petition, I read, has been
signed by many distinguished persons in favour of his widow
and six children for a Government pension. If there is any
pretence remaining of devoting the proceeds of the national
bounty to those for whom it was designed, hero is snrely a
claim that should not be disregarded. The total resources of
Mr. Proctor's family are said to be but £150. What a mockery
it is to call a man a “ popular writer," when with all his toil
and pains, and an unquestioned economy, such a pittance is all
that he can leave behind him 1
NEW PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
The contest between the “Democratic" and the “Republican"
parties, in the United States of America, for the election of
delegates of the several States, in proportion to the numbers
of the population in each State, to choose the President of tho
Union for the next four years, has resulted in the victory of
the “ Republican " party, whose candidate, General Benjamin
Harrison, will therefore be elected instead of Mr. Grover
Cleveland, and will be installed in office early next year.
Benjamin Harrison was born in August. 1.333. at North Bend,
on the Ohio, and was educated at Cary’s Academy, Walnut
Hills, Cincinnati, and at the Miami University at Oxford,
after which he studied law at Cincinnati two years. At
the age of twenty he married Miss Carrie L. Scott, daughter
of the Rev. ,T. W. Scott, of Oxford. Ohio, and has two
children. In 1854 narrison removed to Indianapolis, where
he began his work in politics. In 1860 he was elected
reporter of the Supreme Court of Indiana. In 1862, when
the Union armies had met with reverses in the South,
he obtained a Lieutenant's commission, went into camp
with Company A of the 70th Indiana Regiment, and in less
than thirty days led to the front a regiment of 1000 fighting
men. During the Atlanta campaign General Harrison took
the place of General Butterfield as Brigade Commander. In
the fall of 1864 General Harrison was re-elected reporter of
the Indiana Supreme Court; in the same year he became a
member of a law firm : and was elected Governor of Indiana
in 1880. In January, 1881, General Harrison was elected to
the United States Senate, and his term of six years as Senator
of the United States established his reputation as a sonnd
statesman and a powerful debater. He is an advocate of Civil
Service reform.
THE EX-MAYOR OF CARDIFF.
Sir Morgan Morgan, the ex-Mayor of Cardiff, was on Tuesday,
Nov. 6, presented with his portrait, accompanied with a silver
dinner-service, subscribed for by numerous friends and fellow-
townsmen, in recognition of his many good qualities and
efficient services as Chief Magistrate of the borough, as well
as of the liberal hospitality which characterised his tenure of
office last year. The subscriptions amounted to upwards of
£1000. and the presentation was made at the Townhall by the
Mayor, Alderman Jacobs, in the presence of a large assembly
of ladies and gentlemen. Cardiff is one of the most flourishing
towns in the empire, and its population has increased since
the last census was taken from 86,(810 to upwards of
130,000. A knowledge of this fact was probably one of tho
circumstances which induced Lord Salisbury to recommend her
Majesty to confer upon the ex-Mayor the honour of knight¬
hood, in commemoration of the Jubilee year, and the dis¬
tinction thus worthily bestowed gave great satisfaction, not
only in Cardiff, but throughout the Principality. Sir Morgan
Morgan, who practises ns a solicitor, is descended from an old
Carmarthenshire family, and it is not a little singular that his
brother, Colonel Morgan, now fills the offices of the Mayor of
the borough and High Sheriff of the county of Brecon—a
combination of distinctions to which Mr. Justice Matthew
made a graceful allusion in charging the Grand Jury at the
last assizes. The Portrait of Sir Morgan Morgan is by Mr. B.
F. Marks, of Fitzroy-square, London.
DISASTER AT MONTREUX, SWITZERLAND,
Many English tonrists know the charming Swiss Riviera at
the head of the Lake of Geneva. They have viewed with
delight the shady, flowery gardens of Clarens, with its bright
bine-clad slopes, so dear to Ronssean, the noble sweep of the
bine lake, the crags and fir-woods of Nayo and Jaman, with
their scenery “beautiful as a dream," the shining snows of
the Dcntdn Midi in the background, and the stately city of
palatial hotels that has risen along the lake at Vernex and
Montrcux, extending to the historic walls of Chillon. They
will be sorry to learn that this favourite abode, on this
smiling Bhore, has been suddenly exposed to dire devastation,
and has narrowly escaped destruction on the Clarens-Vernex
side. Among recent improvements in this district, besides the
cable-rail up to the pretty village of Glion, on the hill imme¬
diately overhanging Montrcux, is an electric tramway from
Vevey, through Montrcux, to Chillon. Giving life to the
whole region with its cheery horn, and by night with its
bright red and green lights, this line has been a great con¬
venience to visitors, and is a pleasing evidence of the progressive
spirit of Switzerland.
On an eminence directly above the west end of Montrcux,
and opposite Glion, at an elevation of about 700 ft. above the
lake, is the little village of Sonzier, where the Electric Com¬
pany has established a reservoir providing the water power to
work the dynamos of the companj\ The reservoir was sur¬
rounded by solid walls of limestone, protected outside by a
substantial earthwork : but it appears that certain misgivings
were entertained latterly respecting the solidity of the struc¬
ture, and the official commissioned to inspect it reported it to
be somewhat insecure, especially if overfilled. Whether or not
this contingency occurred is at present undetermined ; but
on the dismal morning of Nov. 6, in the darkness of
five o'clock, a sudden, rushing, thundering noise was
heard, and down came the waters of the reservoir, breaking
down all barriers, ploughing up broad spaces of vineyard,
snapping aged walnut-trees, slicing their way through inter¬
vening cottages and hamlets, shaking down solid walls,
tossing the nnhappy residents out of their beds and burying
them under earth, stones, and mud, three metres deep.
Sweeping down some of the main thoroughfares of Montreux,
it poured into the lake, narrowly shaving the well-known
Hotel du Cygne and the German Protestant church. When
our Correspondent visited the scene of this disaster he was
impressed with the wonderful escape the town had made. But for
the railway, which was itself covered with rubble and mud.
and for some massive intervening walls, which diverted the
raging waters, all the front houses of Montreux to the west
might have been demolished in an instant.
The authorities seem to have exerted themselves laudably
to repair the disaster. The railway was rapidly restored for
traffic, and masses of large stones, gravel, and mud were carted
from the main streot; bnt there are still great piles of stones,
broughtdown by this water avalanche, while many of tho gutted
houses threaten speedy collapse, if not promptly removed.
1
?
NOV. 17, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LOXDOX XEWS
SKETCHES AT A FREE LIBRARY.
MUSIC.
An important addition has been made to musical activity in
London by the resumption of the Monday Popular Concerts,
which entered on their thirty-first season on Nov. 12.
The large attendance at St. James's Hall proved—as on
jnany former occasions—the strong hold which these per¬
formances have taken on the London musical public. Their
recurrence is as anxiously expected as their temporary cess¬
ation is widely regretted. In the midst of much that is
me. etnoious in London music, these concerts serve as wholesomo
correctives, by excellent performances of works by the great
masters in a form of composition free from all admixture
of the fid captandum rulgu*. In addition to com posit ions
that have taken rank as classics, the programmes occasionally
offer examples of contemporary productions, so as to afford
opportunities for judging of the progress, or otherwise, of
creative musical power. In recent seasons the introduction of
novelties has, wisely, been somewhat restricted—but few of
these being found to stand the test of repetition ; while tho
number of established masterpieces that will bear unlimited
rehearing is almost beyond reckoning. The programme of the
opening night of tho new season was of sterling interest.
Beethoven’s Third Rasonmowski Quartet, led by Madame
Nernda (Lady Halle), in association with Mr. L. Rics,
Herr Straus, and Signor Fiatti, and Schumann's pianoforte
trio in D minor, respectively opened and closed the concert;
the other instrumental pieces of the evening having included
three charming movements by Dr. A. C. Mackenzie (from his
Op. 37) for violin, with pianoforte accompaniment. Miss
Fanny Davies was the solo pianist, her chief performance
having been in Beethoven's series of variations in E flat,
in a theme from his ‘•Eroica" symphony. These were very
artistically rendered by the young lady pianist, who also
sustained the principal part in Schumann’s trio. The names
of the executants in each case sufficiently indicate the merits
of the performances. The vocalist was Miss Liza Lehmann,
who sang Bach's air, “ Willst du Mein Ilerz” and two songs
of her own composition, with much refinement.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Not. 1
SIB MORGAN MORGAN, EX-MAYOR OP CARDIFF
•MARSHAL EARL OP. LUCAN.
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY
J.EY, PROM BANFF
CAPTURED EAST AFRICAN
_
THE ACCIDENT TO THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA'S TRAIN ON THE AZOV RAILWAY.—FROM PHI
)TOGRAPHS.
■
m. h ‘ , • aM ./ . • i'fflM
,'A\ ' '
578
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 17, 1888
THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION.
Onr Artist has ramie further Sketches in the Court of Inquiry
held by the three Judges, Sir James Ilannen. Mr. Justice Day,
and Mr. Justice A. L. Smith, the Special Commissioners
appointed under an Act of Parliament to investigate the
“ charges and allegations " set forth by the Time* against Mr.
Parnell and other Irish members of Parliament connected
with the Irish Land League and the Irish National League.
The proceedings on Thursday and Friday, Nov. 8 and
Nov. 9. were of painful interest, from the appearance as
witnesses of several widows whose husbands were murdered
by the “Moonlighters” and other agents of the system
of agrarian terrorism, and whoso sad tales were heard with
deep sympathy. One was Mrs. J. II. Blake, of Rathville,
near Loughrea, Cal way, wife of the agent of Lord Clanricarde,
killed in her presence on Juno 29. 1882 ; she described how
three shots were fired, wounding hersdf and a servant, and
killing Mr. Blake, on the car. and how he lay dead on the
road, weltering in his blood, while the people refused to help
her. The portraits of three other victims’ widows, Mrs.
Connors and Mrs. Dempsey, whose cases have been noticed,
and Mrs. Lyden, whoso case was again referred to in the
examinations of other witnesses on Tuesday, Nov. 18, will bo
found among our Sketches; Lyden was shot, by order of a
Land League meeting, for herding cattle on a farm from
which a tenant had been evicted. We have not space to
describe the evidence given by the numerous witnesses,
including three “ boycotted ” landlords, a sergeant and several
constables of the Royal Irish Constabulary, and some farmers
and labourers, who had acted with the Land Leaguers or the
Fenians, besides Mr. Chester Ives, the special correspondent of
the Xew York Herald , who was mentioned last week.
THE RAILWAY ACCIDENT TO THE
EMPEROR OF RUSSIA.
The accident that occurred on Oct. 29, near Borki, in South
Russia, to the Imperial special train My which the Emperor and
Empress, with their children, were travelling homeward from
the provinces around the Sea of Azov, was related last week.
It occasioned the loss of nearly a dozen lives, and thirty or
forty persons were seriously injured, but their Imperial
Majesties and the members of their family were unhurt. Two
farther Illustrations of this disaster are now presented. One
is a view of several of the carriages fallen over the left-hand
side of the embankment, with a piece of the rail twisted into
a sharp curve and lifted above the bed of the railway. The
carriages seen in this Sketch are those of Baron Possiet, the
Minister of " Ways and Communications ” (including railways),
the van conveying workmen and materials for repairs to the
train, if needful; the van containing the electric light appa¬
ratus for the train, with some of the luggage : these carriages
preceded the two engines, which were placed together in the
middle of the train. One of the engines, decorated with
branches of trees and wreaths of foliage, is seen in this
Sketch, thrown off the rails, with an engine-tender
behind it. The remaining portion of the train is delineated
in the second Sketch; it begins with the other engine and
tender ; there is a van with electric wires, a locksmith's work¬
shop van, a travelling kitchen, a buffet for refreshments, a
dining-saloon (in which the Emperor and Empress were at the
time), and last caine the saloon carriage for the Imperial
Princes and Princesses, the saloon carriage for the Emperor
and Empress, and one for the Czarewitch. Some of these
carriages, it will be seen, were thrown off the rails, and partly
down the embankment, while others continued in their right
position, which may have been owing to their weight. They
did not get lifted on the top of each other, as happens so often
in these disasters. But there is no doubt that the rails, which
were in bad repair, gave way at-first under the carriage of the
Minister of State who was officially responsible for the
management of all the railways in Russia ; and Baron
Possiet, as well ns the director of this particular line, has
incurred the penalty of dismissal. The Emperor and Empress
exerted themselves personally on the spot, with great zeal and
tenderness, in the relief of their unfortunate fellow-pas¬
sengers maimed or crushed by this accident; and their
Majesties have taken care to provide for those left destitute
among the families of the persons killed.
A LITERARY LODGE OF FREEMASONS.
On Thursday. Nov. 8. being the festival of the “ Quatuor
f.’oronati,” or Four Holy Frowned Martyrs, in the Roman
Calendar, the lodge of that name, under the registry of the
Grand Lodge of England, met at Freemasons’ Hall, for the
purpose of installing the new Master and inducting the other
office-bearers. The Master-elect, who was Mr. William Simp¬
son, the well-known Special Artist of The JHu*trated London
Xnr*. was duly placed in the chair of King Solomon, by the
retiring Master, Mr. It. F. Gould, and afterwards invested his
subordinate officers. The lodge of the “Quatuor Coronati.**
which takes its name from the legendary saints of the build¬
ing trades, was established in 1884 : but owing to its first
Master. Sir Charles Warren, having been sent to South Africa
on military duty at the close of that year, the actual com¬
mencement of its Masonic labours only dates from January,
18S»;. The object of the founders was to provide a centre and
bond of union for students of Freemasonry, and its progress
has already far outstripped the modest expectations of the
little band of authors and artists, for whose fraternal asso¬
ciation it was cal led into existence. At the end of the first
year of real work it was decided to establish, under the name
of the "Correspondence Circle,” a literary society, in close and
intimate connection with the lodge. The numbers of the
association have increased from 155 to nearly 450 in the past
twelvemonth. No persons are admitted to the full member¬
ship of the lodge without a literary or an artistic qualification,
hut this restriction does not extend to the outer or “ corre¬
spondence” circle. Papers are read at all the meetings, which
are printed in the •‘Transactions” of the lodge. The “Quatuor
Coronati ” have an admirable treasurer in Mr. Walter Besant,
and Mr. G. W. Speth is the indefatigable secretary.
Miss Amelia B. Edwards has been lecturing on Ancient
Egypt in the Midlands, in the North of England, and in
Scotland.
Mr. John Boyd has been elected Lord Provost of Edinburgh,
in room of Sir Thomas Clerk, who retired at the close of the
three years term of office. Mr. Boyd has been a member of
the Council for about twenty-five years, and has filled the
offices of bailie and treasurer.
The Glasgow International Exhibition was dosed on Satur¬
day, Nov. lo, the total number of visitors on the closing day
being 117,901. Since the Exhibition was opened, on May 8,
by the Prince and Princess of Wales, the visitors have numbered
five million and three-quarters. A sum of £120.000 was taken
at the gates, besid<s £45.000 drawn from season-tickets. There
is a surplus of £ 40 .ooo. which will probably be usod for
promoting art and science in Glasgow.
“ MANY A SLIP BETWEEN THE CUP AND
THE LIP.”
The experience of most of us has often confirmed the truth of
this proverb among the various unforeseen accidents besetting
all hnman plans and hopes. It is not uncommon to see the
simplest and most innocent purposes suddenly disappointed,
and frequently by the unjust intervention of marauders or
defrauders seizing* that which is just about to be rightfully
bestowed on another. This is the temporary misfortune of the
child's favourite dog, with his saucer of milk rrbich is un¬
happily broken, and its contents greedily lapped up by two
canine intruders, leaving the child, as well as the bereaved pet
Doggy, to mourn over its loss. 'J hey have not sufficient
courage or strength to drive away those unlicensed devourers
of the spilt milk, which might otherwise serve the turn in
spite of the rnin of the saucer. The child may, perhaps, bo
also in some fear of disgrace, on returning to the house, for
carelessness in the use of a fragile vessel which was of greater
value than the milk. But it is to be ho]>ed that the kitchen or
dairy store can yet supply a fresh allowance, under safer
guardianship, to satisfy the lawful wants of the dog for which
this customary benefit was properly intended.
OBITUARY.
THE EARL OF LUCAN.
Field Marshal Sir George Charles Bingham, third Earl of
Lncan,Baron Lucan
of Castlebar, and a
Baronet of Nova
Scotia. Colonel 1st
Life Guards, Lord
Lieutenant of Mayo,
a Representative
Peer, died Nov. 10,
in his eighty-ninth
year. lie was eldest
son of Richard,
second Earl, by Lady
Elizabeth Belasyse,
his wife, daughter
and co-heir of the last Earl of Fauconberg. He entered the
Army in 1816, and attained the rank of Major-General in 1851.
In the Crimean War he commanded the Cavalry Brigade, and
received several distinctions, viz.: Medal with four clasps,
the Grand Cross of the Bath, the Legion of Honour, the
Medjidieh, &c. He became Lieutenant-General in 1858, General
in 1865, and Field Marshal in 1887. His Lordship married,
June 29. 1829, Lady Anne Brudenell, daughter of the sixth
Earl of Cardigan, and by her (who died April 2, 1877) had
issue, two sons and four daughters. The eldest son, George,
Lord Bingham (born in 1830, and married to Lady Cecilia
Catherine, youngest daughter of the fifth Duke of Richmond,
K.G.), succeeds as fourth Earl of Lucan.
Wc give a Portrait of the late Earl of Lucan, from a photo¬
graph by Messrs. Maull and Fox.
MR. COMPTON FERRERS.
Mr. Compton Gerard Ferrers, male representative of the great
house of Ferrers, and senior coheir of the barony of Ferrers of
Chartlev. died on Nov. <5 at 78, Cadogan-place. He was born,
May 12. 1818 . the third son of the late Mr. Edward Ferrers, of
Baddesley Clinton, in the county of Warwick, by Lady Harriet
Anne, his wife, Rccond daughter, and eventual coheiress of
George, second Marquis Townshend and sixteenth Lord Ferrers
of Chartley. He succeeded his brother, Marmion Edward
Ferrers, of Baddesley Clinton, in 1884.
HON. MRS. CAULFEILD.
Hon. Annette Caulfeild, younger daughter of Richard, third
Lord Castlemaine, and wife of Colonel James Alfred Caulfeild,
of Drumcairne, county Tyrone, Comptroller of the Household
of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, died at Dublin Castle on
Nov. 10. The death of this estimable lady is deeply deplored.
Her marriage was on Feb. 2, 1858, and its issue one daughter,
Constance Elizabeth, now Countess of Ranfurly.
We have also to record the deaths of—
The Rev. James Campbell Home, A.M.. for forty years
Vicar of Rawcliffe, Lancashire, recently, at Chester.
Mr. Arthur Willmore, landscape engraver, on Nov. 3, aged
seventy-four. He was one of the last and best of our line-
engravers. _
The Palestine Exploration Fund Committee have just
received the sum of £5u0, left to them by the will of the late
Robert Mackay Smith, Esq., of 4, Bellevue-crescent, Edinburgh.
Two stained glass windows (executed by Warrington and
Co.) have been placed in Lancaster parish church as a memorial
to the late Mr. J. P. Chamberlain Starkie.
The Royal Geographical Society opened their winter session
on Nov. 12. when Mr. H. II. Johnston, Vice-Consul for the Oil
Rivers District, read a paper on the Niger Delt’, which was
illustrated by numerous dissolving views.
At a conference of the National Fruit-Growers’ League,
held in the Memorial Hall, Farringdon-street, on Nov. 12, a
resolution was unanimously adopted calling upon the Govern¬
ment to give facilities for the establishment of small fruit
gardens.
Two important meetings were held on Nov. 12 in the East
of London—one at the Limehouse Townhall, presided over by
the Archbishop of York ; and the other at St. Bartholomew’*
Hall, Dalston Junction, under the presidency of the Arch¬
bishop of Canterbury—in support of the missions of East
London. r lhe necessity of increased activity in religious work
among the poor of the district, and the importance of enlisting
lay assistance were strongly urged by the various speakers,
who included, as well as the two Archbishops, the Bishops of
Wakefield and Bedford.
An important addition is about to be made to the biblio¬
graphy of wood-engraving by Mr. W. J. Linton, who is pre¬
paring a work to be entitled “ The Masters of Wood-Engraving,”
and which purposes to occupy new ground. While giving an
ample account of the books in which wood-engraving has
been used, and carefully sifting old judgments through
technical knowledge, it also undertakes a history of the art by
exhibiting the choicest works from the earliest times. To
accomplish this purpose the Library and Print-room of the
British Museum have been thoroughly searched for the purest
impressions, from which photographs have been taken for re¬
production by the best facsimile processes. To these will be
added copies from unique proofs in the author’s possession, the
whole forming a collection hitherto unattempted. It will be
limited to an edition of 500 copies, signed and numbered,
issued to subscribers only. A further edition, on larger paper,
of 100 copies, will include such large works as Diirer’s
“Triumphal Car of Maximilian.” As Mr. Linton is himself
one of the “Masters of Wood-Engraving,” and also an accom¬
plished author, the work cannot fail to be of the highest value
and interest.
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY: BANFF.
Our description of the line which crosses the whole breadth of
North America, from the Atlantic ports to the Pacific, within
British territory, left off at Calgary, of which new town «
Sketch by onr Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, was published
last week, along with those of other places, in Manitoba, and
on Lake Nipissing, in the long journey westward from Ottawa
and from Montreal. The next place deserving of notice after
Calgary, is Banff, situated on the eastern side of the Rocky
Mountains and forming tlio station for the Canadian National
Park. This place abounds in medicinal springs, and in
addition to the cottages and small hostelrics that now exist
the railway company is building a very largo and well-
appointed hotel, wdiich will offer first-class accommodation.
The National Park is 200 square miles in extent, embraces
every variety of scenery, and is made accessible by numerous
roads and bridle-paths, constructed by the Government at large
expense. The rivers and lakes arc full of fish, and the forests
of game. The average altitude of the valley, which fills most
of the park, is 4500 feet, and roads have been built northward
to Devil's Lake, a very deep piece of water, hemmed in by
precipitous cliffs, and by the Devil's Head, an immense and
abrupt peak, so lofty as lo be seen far out upon the eastern
plains, towering above all the other mountains in its neigh¬
bourhood.
Banff is 4200 ft. above the sea, but nestled among moun¬
tains rising over 5000 ft. above the hotel, often with Bnow on
their summits and far down the sides of the deep gorges. The
sanitarium is on the bank of the Bow River, a stream over
400 ft. wide, of crystal clearness, slightly whitened by glacier
water. This river under the hotel breaks through walls of
rock 200 ft. high, forming a succession of cascades or rapids
(10 ft. in fall, within 140 yards. The views of the snow-clad
monntains, the .river, the cascades, and whirling pool below
makes the situation of the hotel one of the finest ever seen.
Trout abound in the river of all angling sizes. A lake-trout
was brought in from Devil's Lake, twelve miles off, weighing
forty-three pounds. We shall give several Illustrations of the
Hot Springs and Sanitarium at Banff.
CAPTURE OF SLAVE-DHOWS NEAR ADEN.
The Arab slave trade on the East Coast of Africa is now
exciting the attention of several European Governments. Wo
are indebted to Mr. Herbert E. Dudley for a Sketch of a scene
at Aden, consequent on the activity of a British cruiser, II.M.S.
Osprey, sloop, Commander E. Gissing. On Sept. 15, while on a
cruise, the Osprey sighted Mocha, and boarded a small dhow
that had been sent from Assub Bay by the Italians to Mocha,
for frnit. She then stood up the coast to the north until
night, when she tamed round and came down slowly, at a
distance of about eight miles from the land. At daybreak next
morning, the Osprey sighted three dhows ahead, and immedi¬
ately went in pursuit of them. On getting within range, a gun
was fired from the sloop as a signal to the dhows to stop and
submit to examination. No notice was taken of this ; but
the dhows crowded on more sail and endeavoured to
escape. A well-aimed shot at the mast of the largest of the
three dhows speedily brought her up. By this time the other
two dhows were nearly a mile ahead and widely separated, so
that the capture of both was by no means easy. Bat a fortu¬
nate shot through the sail of the nearest resulted in her soon
being made a prisoner ; then the Osprey went in pursuit of the
third dhow, and eventually captured her. Taking the last two
in tow, her Majesty's sloop steamed back to the first of the
dhows. On search being made it was found that the three dhows
contained over two hundred slaves, male and female, the larger
proportion being Christians from Abyssinia. The prizes were
toived to Aden, where the vessels were condemned and the
slaves were taken charge of by the authorities.
The Duke of Wellington has consented to become a vice-
president of the Royal Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital.
On the evening of Nov. 10 the first through express-train
from Paris arrived at Constantinople.
An exhibition of the iron and metal trades is open at the
Agricultural Hall, Islington.
Sir Charles Warren has resigned the Chief Commissioner-
ship of the Metropolitan Police, to which he was appointed in
March, 18.80, in succession to Sir Edmund Henderson.
During October the officers of the Fishmongers’ Company
seized and destroyed at Billingsgate and on board boats lying
off that place 70 tons 0 cwt. of fish as unfit for human food.
Lord Lytton, who was elected abont a year ago to the Office
of Lord Rector of Glasgow University, delivered his rectorial
address on Nov. 9. The subject was the principles of action
with which Diplomacy was concerned, and his Lordship said
that never within his recollection had the peace of Europe
been maintained under conditions more onerous than those
which now imposed upon its leading States an unrelaxed
development of the machinery of war. Five Continental
Powers maintained 12,000,000 of fighting men. costing annually
112,000,000 sterling. War was, therefore, sudden and gigantic,
having decisive and far-reaching results. Therefore our safety
depended upon prudent moderation in our international
relations.
The resumption of Mr. John Boosey’s “London Ballad
Concerts' 1 at St. James's Hall, on Nov. 21, will be welcome to
the many who appreciate excellent performances of vocal
music—solo and choral—interspersed with violin or pianoforte
pieces, rendered by eminent artists.
The 0 |iening concert of the Royal Choral Society at the
Royal Albert Hall (the inauguration of the eighteenth season
of the institution originally known as the Royal Albert Hall
Choral Society) has already been briefly mentioned.' Mozart's
sacred masterpiece, the expiring effort of his genins, the im¬
mortal “ Requiem,’’ and Rossini's “ Stabat Mater,” were, as
already said, the works performed on the occasion referred to.
It would be scarcely possible to find two compositions, each a
production of high genius, more opposite in style and treat¬
ment. Elevated sublimity is the prevailing characteristic of
Mozart's work, while the other is conceived in a more florid
style of Invariant melody in consonance with the most
sensuous nature of the surroundings of the Roman Catholio
service, to which, indeed, both compositions belong. The
vocalists at the concert now referred to were, in the “ Requiem,”
Madame Albani, Madame Kcalchi, Mr. E. Lloyd, and Signor
Del Puente; the first and third of whom were especially
efficient; the same praise being due to the same artists for
their performance in the “Stabat,” the co-operation of
Madame Scalchi in which—particularly her share with
Madame Albani, in the duet “ Quisesthomo”—having resulted
in a remarkably fine rendering, oa both parts, of that beautiful
movement. Another specialty was the magnifioent singing of
Mr. E. Lloyd in the tenor solo, “Cnjus animam." Mr. R.
Hilton was very efficient in the bass music of the “ Stabat.
The choral performances throughout the evening were of the
same exceptionally high character as heretofore. Mr. Barnby
conducted, and Mr. W. Hodge presided ably at the organ.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
1. Whlto, a roinblo Witness. 3. Constable Walsh. R.I.C. 5. District-Inspector Bell. 7. Con Hague:-. 0. Dominick Barry, R.I.C.
3. Constable Bolgen, It.I.C. 4. Captain Plankett. 6. Magistrate Burke. 3. The “New York Herald."
SKETCHES AT THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION COURT: SOME OF THE WITNESSES.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov 17, 1888 — 580
I. Mr. Mb, a Boycotted Landlord. t. Pal Small. 7. Kerrigan. «. John Rafferty. 1J. Mrs Connors j 14. Bridget Kerrigan.
J. Mr. Bntterill, another Boye.itted Landlord. 4. Mike Cories*. 8. Mr. Lambert, another Boycotted Id. Connolly. 13. Mrs. Dempsey J victims' Widows. 18. Tom Connalr.
S. Sergeant Kidd, R.LC. 8. Mike Leonard. Landlord. 14. Sergeant Butler, R.LC. It. Mm. Lydcu J
SKETCHES AT THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION COURT : SOME Oi THE WITNESSES.
m
5S2
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 17, 1858
OUR DESERTED VILLAGE.
Cooped op in London, with the dull, dead leasee drifting: about
the melancholy squares ; with no kindly sun putting in on
appearance until long after midday ; with a dense canopy of grey
mist overhead anil the wood pavement greasy with black mud
underfoot, how should anyone know of the turquoisc-blue sky.
of the exhilarating atmosphere, of the quiet, waveless sea. t lie
leaves, the flowers, and the delicious ns;fulness that prevail
in our deserted villageNo ; we are not at the Riviera, or in
Devonshire, or in the Isle of Wight: it is not, even mid¬
summer, or mid - autumn, and we have long since passed
the little summer of St. Martin : but here I am, on a lovely
November morning, sitting writing at an open window—the
sun shining brilliantly, the sea sparkling, the birds singing in
the green plantation bordering the cliff over the way. the
place surely one of the healthiest in all England—the distance
an easy two hours from Holhorn Viaduct. You will never
believe it when I tell yon that onr deserted village is within a
stone's throw of merry Margate ; that it nestles down in a
secluded comer of the Island of Tbanet; and that now. just
because the season is over, because the accepted holiday-time
is past—though spring never gave such soft breezes, or sum¬
mer such sun, or autumn such beauty of foliage—the place
is as silent as the grave, the cliffs are as deserted as the
Island of Sark, and the streets as empty as those of ancient
Sandwich round the corner of this whitc-cliffed const. Never
yet this year has the sea been warmer or more tempting
to the bather; the grass on the lawns of hotels and
bungalows is as smooth and undisturbed still as if it had
been gone over religiously by the garden-roller; but the tennis-
nets have been taken up ami the players have gone home. The
weather is far more suitable for cricket now than it ever was
in the past disastrous summer, with its storms and torrents of
rain ; and the boys, if they had their own way, would soon
pitch the wickets again in tho green fields and grassy
commons, and reserve football and hockey for the winter of
the future, when there is a grip of frost in the air and the cast
wind has some bluster in it.
A sense of life and exhilaration pervades the place. A sunny
s nile comes into the pale wan faceof the invalid, who is wheeled
out every morning to enjoy the sunshine among the arbutus
and laurustinus that have been planted in warm dells on the
sea-front; the girls—a few of them are still left—toss aside
their furs and capes and boas with disgust, and loathing, as
they settle down in easy corners, in glass shelters, or oi exp< so l
benches to enjoy the companionship of an interesting novel
or a lady's newspaper; and only to-day. as I was pottering
about the pretty shojw that abound at the seaside, a youngster
rashed past mo at full speed, racing like a young greyhound,
so overflowing with the delicious air and the sense of life that
he shouted to himself as he passed by, By Jove, isn't this
bracing ! ” Luckily, onr celebrated Mr. Jackson, the dandy
horseman who wears a white hat and a rose in his button-hole
in honour of this exemplary autumn, docs not close his stables
or curtail his establishment because November has come and :t
is currently supposed that the gaiety of the year is over. Not
a bit of it. He docs not follow the lead of the bathing-
machine proprietors, or the boatmen, or the owner of the sea
and swimming baths ; he takes his cue from tho sunshine and
the glorious winter weather, and personally provides the only
excitement that is now known in our village. If the men do
not think it worth while to come down and follow the Thanct
harriers, and honestly think it is too hot for hunting when an
overcoat is an incumbrance, the girls are ready to trot over to
Minster, or make headway for Herne Bay or the Reculvers,
or gallop past the pretty farm-houses on the road to the
romantic Villo of Sarre : and there is always a smart ilog-cart
ora light, buggy ready for an expedition, should anyone want
it., to visit distant Canterbury, lunch at the Rose Inn. an 1 so
borne in the lovely light of a primrose and orange sunset.
If you have not guessed where our village is. or what it is,
or all about it, you may just as well know. Founded some
ie us ago by a celebrated doctor, this neighbour of the most
rollicking seaside resort in all England, as much a stranger to
jetties, and halh-hy-the-sea, and sing-songs and music-ball
freedom and such-like fun ns cne place can be from another,
ns pretty ns a child's box of Dutch toys, and os soothing as
Clovellv, this charming hamlet known as “ Westgatc-on-Sea "
is surely tho haven of rest for those who work with the brain
and desire occasionally to purge the lungs from tlie smoke
nnd tho dirt that life in modern London inevitably provides
them with in black abundance. I have seen U'Wtgatc grow
and grow from n row of bungalows into the compact little
colony that now fronts the healthiest sea-board thas can lie
found - round about the islands." Long before Wcstgate was
the place it now is—long before Royal Academicians came
down here to build studios in a north light that makes them
chuckle over their friends whn pride themselves on the purity
of Hampstead, Kensington, Campden Hill, and St. John's Wood ;
long before great men of science, astronomers, and authorities
learned on that heavenly body, the sun, left Wimbledon
and London in despair, and chose Wcstgate ns a fining
spot to put np their big telescopes and puisne their observa¬
tions without an intervening obstacle of foul fog and coal
smoke, I knew something of the origin of " bungalow-land";
hut the wildest enthusiasts who knew Wcstgate, then in its
primitive state, could scarcely have believed that the idea of
its founders would have liecn so faithfally followed even to
completion. Why is it that I am always so reminded of a
child's box of toys when I wander about this pretty collection
of fantastic villas, white wooden balconies, olive-green barge-
hoards. fanciful finials. and odd graceful architectural devices
with which Westgatc abounds.’ Out of Holland there is snrel.v
in cleaner place in the wide world. The balconies nnd gates
and red tiles and white window-sashes look as if they were
carefully washed with sonp-and-watcr every morning. The
shops might have been constructed for an elaborate doll's-
house. An edict seems to have gone forth that no inhabitant
may leave scraps of paper blowing about the white streets
under pain of banishment. All the wandering leaves are
a.vept np so ns not to make any litter on the spotless roads.
And now, to make all complete, they have planted a doll's-
shrubbery, with ornamental paths, and undulating dells, and
in-and-out corners, and leafy surprises, where it will be warm
nnd sheltered in mid-winter.even if the north-east wind blows
hurricanes hard over the village of villas. .
Westgatc. like every other seaside resort, has its times and
its seasons. Summer sends up its prices to extravagant sums :
winter reduces them to zero. Bnt how is it. I wonder, that
people who can afford to he luxurious pack up their traps and
nre off to the sanitary-doubtful Riviera—with its wearisome
journey, its false fashion.nnd itsoccasionally murderous winds —
when, on such a past October, and at the beginning of such a
lovely November, they can find, but two hours' from Loudon,
warm blue mornings, mellow and vellmv afternoons, and soft
purple nights, that cheer the depressed, and give animal ion to
the most jaded spirit.’ In the morning, a bath of sunshine ;
in the afternoon, a ramble among the homesteads ; at night, a
rest that can only be obtained when the roar of restless London
is mile* away, and nothing is heanl but the low music of ever¬
lasting waves upon the sandy shoreC. S.
“AFTER THE BATTLE.'*
The war between France and Germany, eighteen years ago,
left memories of stirring actions, and of sadness, of death, of
suffering, and of desolation, in so many hearts of both nations,
that it is natural still to meet with the works of foreign
painters representing scenes occasioned by that great military
contest. A pathetic effect is that rendered by M. Michel, in
tho picture of a quiet woodland nook in the grounds of a
rural mansion, where a dead soldier lies, alone and unheeded,
having been slain in one of the pursuing skirmishes that ore
apt to follow a desperate defeat, the body of troops to which he
belonged having been scattered for miles over the country, and
some of them, in all likelihood, slaughtered or left wounded
ou the roads or in the fields. Warlike pride may be rebuked
by the sight of such a'pitiful relic of mortality, abandoned
in the silent evening hour, when the fury of 'combat
has passed ; a thought of sympathy may be given to his
parents and friends in a distant village, who will long be
awaiting news of one whom they loved. They will, in all
likelihood, never receive an exact account of the manner and
the place in which he fell ; only that his comrades lost sight
of him. and that his fate could scarcely be doubtful. Such
sorrowful examples are to be multiplied by tens of thousands
in a campaign of a few weeks : the sum of them, added to the
huge carnage of celebrated battle-fields, makes np the tale of
reputed glory, to the renown of Princes, Statesmen, and
Generals, to the misery of the people, and to the exhaustion
of the resources of peaceful industry by the cost of immense
armies maintained for political rivalry and ambition.
LOUD MAYOR’S DAY.
The Civic procession, on the installation of the Lord Mayor,
was this year of small proportions, and there was less crowding
in the streets than usual. His Lordship was presented by the
Recorder to the Lord Chief Justice, Mr. Justice Cave, and Mr.
Justice Grantham. Lord Coleridge heartily welcomed Alder¬
man Whitehead, the new Chief Magistrate of London, in the
name of the Judges. The Lord Chief Justice remarked that
the Courts of Law and the Courts of the City of London had
been legally severed ; but he expressed an earnest hope that
the good feeling which had so long subsisted between the
Judges and the Corporation would remain as firm and
unbroken as ever.
Lord Salisbury was the principal speaker at the banquet
which was given at the Guildhall in the evening. After
remarking that Parliament had been compelled to sit on Lord
Mayors Day for the finishing of its ordinary business, he
alluded to the approaching elections to the County Councils, a
great experiment, which could only be successful by the
leaders of the community bringing labour and intelligence to
the work. With respect to foreign affairs, there was not, on
the surface, much to notice. AH those who were charged with
the duty of ruling in Europe had an earnest desire to keep the
peace. A European war was a terrible hazard, and there was a
general impression that in the midst of so much preparation as
was exhibited on the Continent, England must not remain
unprepared.
Some 3000 of the poorest inhabitants of Whitechapel were,
through the generosity of the Lord Mayor (Mr. Alderman
Whitehead) and several influential residents at the East-End,
invited to the Great Assembly Hall, Mile End-road, where they
were liberally regaled with a meat tea. and where a mis-
c.dlaneous entertainment had been provided for them. The
Lord Mayor sent C100 towards defraying the cost, while Mr.
Sheriff Newton contributed £30.
HEALTH OF THE* PORT OF LONDON.
A report upon the sanitary condition of the Port of London
<11ring the six months ending June 30, 1KSS, has recently been
presented to tho Corporation by Dr. Collingridge, the medical
officer of health for the port. During the half-year 9<>93
vessels have been visited, and of these M324 carried the British
flag : the next nationality in point of numbers being the
Scandinavian, with a total of 4*22. By far the larger
number of these vessels were found to be in a satisfactory
smitary condition, and in only (>7fi, or f»9 per cent, was it
necessary to order cleansing to be carried out. The report con¬
tains a detailed account of an outbreak of scarlet fever on
the London School Board training-ship Shaftesbury (during
which sixteen cases were removed therefrom to the Port Sani¬
tary Hospital), and suggests some important precautionary
measures for the future health of the ship. Dr. Collingridge
calls attention to the imperfect hospital provision sit. Graves¬
end. ‘* The existing wards, excellently constructed as they
are. do not give sufficient accommodation for the separa¬
tion of different varieties of disease.” He urges that it is
wrong to place smallpox under the same roof as any other
disease, and that it is absolutely necessary that another ward
should be erected at a safe distance, to be used for smallpox
patients only. The total amount of mutton condemned
during the half-year amounts to 73.3') 1 stone, being 14 per
cent of the whole importation through the docks. Of
beef, only 312 sides were condemned ; 371 canal-boats have
been inspected, and these, although registered for a population
of 1313, carried only 932 persons on board. The report makes
mention of improvements made in the sanitary condition of
Canvey Island, and attention is called to the need of a good
artesian well for public nse. During the half-year the Port
Sanitary Hospital received twenty-three cases.
Mr. J. Broughton Edge has been appointed Judge of
County Courts. Circuit No. 3S. in Devonshire.
The Archbishop of Canterbury has become a benefactor of
the Clergy Pensions Institution, Mowbray House, by con¬
tributing £100 to the Augmentation Fund.—Ler.l Grimthorpe,
Mr. W. II. Smith. M.P.. and Mr. Henry Ilucks Gibbs have
made similar contributions.
At the weekly meeting of the Metropolitan Board of Works
on Nov. 9. Lord Alagheramornc was. for the last time, elected
chairman of the board, and said he would do his best to hand
over the government of the metropolis to the new County
Council with their organisation in good working order.
The first meeting of the Royal Botanic Society since the
recess was held on Nov. H> ; Mr. J. P. Gassiott. vice-president,
i i the chair. Among other exhibits upon the table were
plants of ahrt/x jirmifonix, the so-called “ weather -plant.’
The secretary, in explaining the action of the plant, said he
could not do better than quote the late Michael Faraday, who.
<1 iiring a lecture on “ Table-turn»ng.” remarked that"effects
noticed were incorrectly attributed to a certain cause. Thus
tho movement of the table was ascribed to some mesmeric
influence rather than to the unconscious mechanical act of
the operators : and thus the action of the weather-plant was
put down to atmospheric or other influences at a distance of
time or place, rather than to that of the immediate habitat in
which the plant might be at the moment. The behaviour of
the weather-plants in the society's gardens varied at one and
the same time according to the special conditions under which
they were growing.
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Children's hospitals appeal to the best feelings of charity.
With regard to them, there can be no question of whether the
sufferers should not have provided in health for their own
lionr of need, no fear of encouraging future improvidence,
no suggestion that their illness comes from their own sins or
follies. The patient eyes of a helpless child in pain are t*• j
most touching sight that can meet one’s gaze in this world
full of sorrow. No skill or care avails always to cure the
pang, a* alas ! we learn in our own homes by the sight of our
own loved little ones in sickness. But cure is sometimes, and
alleviation is generally, within the reach of the healing art;
and how sad it is to think of thousands of little ones pining
in pain in wretched homes for want of that aid !
The Children’s Hospital in Great Ormond-streefc, London,
has gained in funds by a special effort made in connection
with the Queen’s Jubilee. A children’s fund was raised, to be
applied, under her Mnjtsty's sanction, to the purpose of build¬
ing a new wing. The sum of £(>000 was subscribed, and it is
to be hoped that a considerable addition to this has been made
by the happy thought of the Doll Show lor its benefit. Tho
show was held on Nov. 9 in a tent placed on the piece of
ground designed for the new wing. Princess Frederica attended
to distribute the prizes, and there was a large company.
Dolls had been sent to the exhibition from the far ends of
the civilised earth—given for the benefit of the charity by
kind-hearted persons, for the prizes were few. and the exhibits
were all on sale for the benefit of tbe hospital. From France,
Germany. Italv. and America contributions had arrived. A
great many dolls (according to an amusing essay by the
hon. secretary of the show, Mr. S. Whitford, jun.) are
manufactured in ^Germany, the eyes, however, coming from
Birmingham, where orders are sometimes received for
£300 worth of eyes at once. The sum spent on preparing
these tcys is indeed very large; the material used for
dresses alone in one district of Germany, where all the peasant
women work at this business, is calculated at £lf>,000 annually.
Some of the dolls in the show were very original. The first
prize was given to an old lady for a most complete doll’s
wardrobe. There was an Arabian bedstead of considerable
size, hung with dimity, and dressed with frilled pillow-cases
and spotless white sheets and counterpane ; even the night¬
dress case was not forgotten. Inside the lied reposed dolly, in
full toilrttf dc nuit. Around hung her dresses. There was
her party dress, or demi-toilette, with front of white lace
insertion run through with red ribbons and red silk pleated
back, red shoes, Suoae gloves, and long white cashmere opera
mantle, trimmed with swan’sdown. There was a full ball-
dress of pale pink gauze, and there was a walking dress of
blue cashmere, with a brown cloth jacket, a fur boa, and a
black straw hat trimmed with brown gauze and ivy ; a parasol,
a jewel-box, and varions articles of underclothing. This com¬
plete trousseau naturally carried off the palm. Another prize
(loll was dressed as a country carter, with a properly made
linen smock frock, grey knitted wool stockings, and regular
‘"clod-hopper” boots of leather, laced. The nurses’ com¬
petition was for dolls dressed in the various hospital uni¬
forms. and very neat and pretty many of them looked. A
little girl of eleven, Miss Phipps, won the children’s prize for
a Bohemian peasant, in red dress and black satin apron ; and
two other prizes went to dolls all in white, one as a baby in long
embroidered clothes and the other as one of about three.
There were much more original dolls than these on some of
the stalls, however. There was an admirable eighteenth-
century courtier.dressed entirely in knitted silk garments, which
were formed with such perfection that the richest of materials
could not have surpassed it in effect. He had a long-tailed
brown coat with big and curiously-shaped revers, and trimmed
round the fronts with a band of gold braid; a long-flapped
yellow vest embroidered in flowers with green silk; brown
*• smalls” and stockings, a black three-cornered hat, and a
white tie-wig. A curious couple were “ Darby and Joan,”
made almost entirely of cotton wool. The faces were of this
stuff, and it proved curiously capable of imitating the lines
and texture of aged flesh. Joan’s mob cap, white shawl with
black bands, white apron, and black gown wore all of the same
stuff, the knitting and the pins in her hands alone being
of any other material, and Darby was similarly constructed.
A genuine big brown sabot formed a nest for “the old woman
who lived in a shoe”; a window was cut in the front
of the toe. and children clustered on the ledge thereof; a
wooden ladder went up inside from the heel, and swarmed
with tiny youngsters ; and a tiny doll even looked out of the
chinnier. A Robinson Crusoe was there, all in white fur. cap
included ; and a black lady near him was clothed in the
brightest of Arabian cottons. Some expensive musical and
moving dolls were very handsome. Perhaps the best was one
very smartly dressed in brocaded silk, with pink silk gathered
front, and holding a basket, the lid of which she slowly lifted
from time to time as her clockwork moved, when up from out
of the basket rose and peeped in the most natural fashion the
head of a tiny white dog, who crouched down again as the lid
slowly descended once more. A French Marquis, in dove-
coloured and pink silk, actually smoked away a cigarette,
which he put to and removed from his lips regularly, humming
a tune the while. A model Queen Elizabeth and a large com¬
plement of brides and ladies in Court dress were mixed with
more ordinary costumes.
Princess Frederica performed her part in the ceremony
with much dignity and grace. She is very tall and distinguished-
looking. though unpretending in manner. She was quietly
bnt well dressed, in a black cashmere gown with moire Direc-
toire sides, and a black lace tablier. over which fell a jet girdle
from the heavily-jetted fitting undervest or plastron of a black
plush mantle. * which was further trimmed with skunk.
H.R.H.’s bonnet was of red gathered crepe, with aigrette of
black Chantilly and black and red osprey, and red strings
fastened with diamond pins. A diamond swallow brooch was
also pinned into the back of the bonnet. A little boy patient
presented the Princess with a bouquet, and the prize winners
were then called up by the Secretary of the hospital to receive
their awards, after which JI.R.II. inspected the stalls.
It is curious to see how rapidly fashions spread, and how
easy it soon becomes to obtain articles demanded by its decrees
that a short time before wore unprocurable. The Directoirc
style of dress carries all before it at present. Every noticeably
handsome costume s>en is made according to it. The beautiful
big buttons which it requires are, therefore, now to be obtained
readily ; cut steel and fancy silver are most popular, but enamel
and cloth inlaid with silver are also coming into nse. and raofcher-
n'-pearl, like old coachman's buttons, suits light materials.
Feather boas are another novelty which has been quickly
adopted. They are composed of what is called •* clipped ostrich
leather,” which also constitutes a very fashionable edging for
mantles. They look like what they are: undressed ostrich
feathers with the tips of the fronds clipped. Bands of this kind
of trimming encircle hats, whether beneath or above the brim,
and occasionally tho boa is allowed to take its rise at the back
of the hat, thence being coiled two or three times round the
throat. These articles are not expensive—under a guinea each
for the best quality. Florence Fenwick-Miller.
NOV. 17, 1SS3
583
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
CURIOUS INCIDENT OF STAG-HUNTING.
The Sketch by Lieutenant C. M. Gomme, R.H.A.. represents
an incident which happened last season while the Ward Union
Hounds were going to the plaoe where the stag had just been
uncarted. A hare crossed the rood in front of the pack, fol¬
lowed by a couple of greyhounds in close pursuit. The hounds,
astonished at the novelty of the situation, first turned to look
at the hare, and then started off in pursuit of the greyhounds;
but thoy were quickly called to order by the huntsman, whoat
once brought them round, and laid them on the line of the
stag in a very masterly manner.
ON THE PLEASURES OF BEING POOR.
In his charming essay on “ Old China,” Charles Lamb repre¬
sents his “cousin Bridget” (the umbra or eidolon which
stands for his sister Mary) as lamenting, in their latter days
of competence, the good old times when they were not so rich,
but, she is sure, considerably happier. 11 A purchase," she says,
‘■is but a purchase now that we have money enough and to
spare. Formerly it used to be a triumph. When we coveted
a cheap luxury (and oh, how much ado I had to get yon to
consent in those times !) we were used to have a debate two or
three days before, and to weigh the^iir and apainut, and think
what we might spare it out of, and what saving we could hit
upon that should be an equivalent.” Theso be words of
wisdom. I, for one. am often inclined to think that the poor
do not know when they are well off. They are too much given,
I fear, to unchristianly feelings of envy, malice, and unoharit-
ableness, because Dives rides in his carriage, and the wife of
Dives gets her dresses from Worth ; too much given to hanker
after riches, though the divine and the moralist are always
insisting on their inadequacy to make a man happy. They do
not realise the pleasures of being poor—of course I do not
mean poor with the poverty that starves in the street and dies
in the workhouse, but poor as our wealthy neighbours count
those unfortunates whose yearly income lies within a modest
three hundred—poor, that is, with the poverty of thousands
and tens of thousands in this England of ours, who, neverthe¬
less, are not inscribed on any paupers’ list, hut pay rates and
taxes, and present a decent face to the world.
One may be allowed to doubt whether the rich ever enjoy
anything—even their riches. To value a thing sincerely you
must first have experienced the want of it, and'must hove
mode some sacrifice to get it; when all the good things of life
are poured out at your feet without any personal effort of
your own, it is surely impossible to feel any pleasure in their
ownership. Tis when your means are as limited as a Gascon's
modesty, when yon most prune here and pinch there before
you enn venture on the smallest purchase beyond your daily
regulated expenditure, that you begiu to appreciate the joy of
possession. Kisses given cheaply are held lightly. The school¬
boy who, with the self-denial of a Stoic, saves up a penny a
week to buy a fearful pocket-knife—with six blades, a cork¬
screw, a corn-cutter, a button-hook, and a gimlet—learns to
look upon it with a joy as intense as the young mother feels
when first handling her new-born babe—with a joy unknown
to the man who bids hundreds of pounds for a (ime-worn
Elzevir, and Bcribbles in payment a cheque upon his hanker.
Here, then, is one of the pleasures of being poor. Almost
everything yon acquire brings with it a high satisfaction,
because it has been acquired slowly and painfully; and,
recalling the efforts you have made of self-denial, patience,
and perseverance, you naturally invest the acquisition with
the reflected glory of these most admirable virtues.
Let us suppose that you take a saunter down Regent-street,
closely examining the shops as yon pass along. What a world
of speculation immediately opens before you ! That diamond
parure—how it would become your Kate! That Liberty
silk—just the colour for her mother ! That edition of Tenny¬
son in morocco—how Alice would revel in it! Well, every¬
thing lies at your disposal (in imagination). All the contents
of all the glittering windows are yours—for the time being ;
and you may decide to give away this to one friend and that
to another with an entirely liberal hand—you have no occa¬
sion to stint yonr gifts when they cost yon nothing : or you
may compare them in quality and price with any standard
you choose to set up—there is no possible let or hindrance :
you are monarch of all you survey. And the best of it is, that
yon may occupy exactly the same position, and enjoy the same
feast of imagination, to-morrow, and the day after, and every
day ; whereas your rich man can but bny once the thing ho
covets, and there’s an end. Who does not see that tbo
advantage lies with you, my friend 7 Day after day you
enjoy the pleasures of imagination—of antieii ation you
renew them as often as yon look in the shop-windows ; yon
see everything in a succession of new lights ; yon can change
at will the disposal or distribution of your imaginary gifts,
rnd all this without once putting your hand into yonr pocket.
Lucky man ! Even Crcstts could hardly buy up all the warts
THK HUNTING SEASON: AN INCIDENT WITH THE WAP.D UNION HOUNDS.
in the shops of Regent-street or Bond-street—yet they are
yours to do as you like with—to plan imaginary surprises
with them for those you love, to expend them in the myriad
ways yonr fertile fancy may suggest.
Meanwhile, you are under no anxiety about their custody.
All that responsibility is obligingly taken off yonr shoulders
by the tradesmen who profess to be their proprietors or
vendors. According to the old Latin proverb, the penniless
traveller (ra cuus viator ) sings before the thief ; and yon may
sing the newest song by Stephen Adams or from the last Savoy
opera without fear of burglar, cracksman, magsman or garotter
The “ gross inefficiency ” of the London police, the defective
intelligence of Scotland-yard, the hopeless incapacity of the
Home Office—so eloquently demonstrated by the Morning
Jupiter and the Eeening Juno —shall lot move you even to a
momentary spasm. You need no “ Griffiths’ Safe," no “ Chubb’s
Looks," no electric alarms, no loaded revolvers—you are
“ vacuus,” happy man ! and may sleep the sleep ot the just.
The diamonds and the Liberty silks, the gold plate and the
exquisite crystal, the Oriental curtains and the Japanese rases—
others are diligently guarding them, and they will all be on
show again to-morrow for your behoof. Such, my friend, is
the advantage of being poor.
Again : to quote one of those adages which combine ■' the
w isdom of many and the wit of one,” you can't eat your cake
and have it. When a thing is once your own, the pleasure of
anticipating its possession ceases. Croesus buys the diamond
parure, and it no longer interests him. Yon don’t—and have
the luxury of daily speculation as to what you will do with it
when—yes, when —but as the sentence never completes itself
you are provided with what is virtually an inexhaustible
source of enjoyment 1 I believe the philosophers have decided
that the pleasures of anticipation far surpass those of realis¬
ation. When a man is born rich, or—as brewer, contractor,
money-lender, company-projector, and the like—has made
himself rich, I can't for the life of me see wbnt more he can
br or do. He may grow richer, hut the process lias no novelty
in it; whereas your poor man has always something to wait
for and look forward to—has always the diversion that is to
be got out of inventing channels for tho expenditure of his
riches if he ever possess them : and can invariably rely upon
the resources of his imagination—for which ho cannot be too
thankful, since, when it fails ns—
tVe know not where Is that Promethean torch
That can its light Illumine.
It may seem, at first sight, to count against the poor man
that he has no stately mansion or fair demesne ot his own ;
but then, you see, he can do what he likes with his neighbour's,
lie can (in imagination) put in a bow-window where tho
builder has inserted a square one, or add to the dignity of the
elevation by a (supposititious) row of Corinthian pillars or an
(idea!) architrave. He may plant an imaginary shrubbery
where Lucullus has laid out a lawn, and construct a sunny
terrace where Croesus has built a range of • Wing, He can
move Timon’s villa (in fancy) to another site, and raise a
luxurious summer - palace on the vacated ground. This
imaginary kind of architecture costs nothing, and pleases
immensely. He is free, moreover, to traverse noble parks—
where the trees spread their leafy bonghs to protect him from
the ardent noon, and the lake shines like a mirror to enchant
his gaze, and the deer lift their antlered pride to move his
admiration—with the knowledge that he is muon better off
than their owners; for they cost him neither headache nor
heartache—not a tremor of anxiety, notatwinge of conscience.
“ The misery of those that are born great' " cries Webster's
Duchess of Malfi. “ The happiness of those that live poor !"
say r.
For no hungry relatives hunt you down to wheedle or bully
you into giving them of your substance; no expectant heir
calculates on the possible result of your next ‘‘chill ” or latest
“fad” in patent nostrums; no philanthropists undermine
your happiness with proposals for regenerating humanity (at
your expense) : obsequious greed fawns not upon yon, nor’does
fulsome servility disgust you with yonr fellow-men. Scandal
leaves you alone ; gossip does not trifle with your name and
fame; no “ interviewer ” drags out of you your secret
weaknesses. Mis true that at church you are shown into
the draughtiest seat, that the churchwarden eyes you
with apathy and the pew-opener with suspicion; but then,
“the, plate” passes yon by, or if you drop into it a
“ drachma,” there are none to comment upon the smallness
of your alms. When you desire the pleasures of reading,
there are free libraries at your command. If you wish
for an evening with the Dramatio Muse, you can hear in
the gallery as well os in the stalls, or some kind friend may
send yon “ an order.” Are you athirst for the Freemasonry of
NatureThere are green lanes and breezy commons and leafy
valleys which will admit yon without fees or rites of initiation.
The truth is, the world belongs much more to the poor man
than to the rich ; and the former holds h is much larger share of
it with a freedom from tribulation which tho latter must su rely
envy. He can say with Horace, “ Mea Virtule me involvo, pro-
bamque Pauperism sine dote qtuoro," and it is good for him to
be able to say it. So that if the reader will but consider tho
snbjeet seriously and comprehensively, balancing advantages
(plus) against disadvantages (mint), I have a conviction that
he will acknowledge the wisdom of the American millionaire,
who rece:.tly expressed his determination “ not to die rich ” •
though, by-the-way, I hare not heard that Mr. Carnegie is as
sensible as one would wish him to he of “ the pleasures of
being poor! ” _ W. H. D.-A.
The Marquis of Salisbury has been elected High Steward
of Great Yarmouth, in succession to the late Sir E. H. E,
Lacon, Bart.
584
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
Author on * Dorothy roiuTss," - chilusks or Oinzos."
“TUK RKVOLTOr MaS.“ " KaTIIAUISB RKU1SA," BTC.
CHAPTER XXXVII.
BY THE WATERS OF BABYLON.
v HITS delivered from
the slavery of the
fields, 1 begun to
work, an unprofitable
servant, among those
wliuniadeund mended
. the garments of the
servants and negroes.
On an estate so large
as this there is always
plenty to be done by
the sempstresses and
needlewomeu. Thus,
to every woman is
given by the year
four smocks, two
petticoats, and four
coifs, besides shoes
which are brought
from England by the
lit in the house have, in
n, ms -mm k- and three waistcoats. To
ii an i ll. n -i\ shirts ; and to every man
mu III a rug or gown of thick stuff to
i-a-i iilimii ill. in win u they come home hot, so
that they may not catch cold—a thing which
throws many into a fever. All these things
have to be made and mended on the estate.
As for the children, the little blncks, they run about with¬
out clothing, their black skin sufficing. The women who are
engaged upon the work of sowing are commonly those of the
white servants, who arc not strong enough for the weeding and
hoeing in the fields, or are old and past hard work. Yet
the stuff of which the smockB and shirts are made is so
coarse that it tore the skin from my fingers, which, when
Madam saw, she brought me fine work—namely, for herself.
She was also so good as to provide me with a change of clothes,
of which I stood sadly in need, and excused my wearing the
dress of the other women. I hope that I am not fond of fine
apparel, more than becomes a modest woman, but I confess
that the thought of wearing this livery of servitude, this coarse
and common 'In s. of smock, petticoat, and coif, all of rough
and thick Btuff, like canvas, with a pair of shoes and no
stockings, filled my very soul with dismay. None of the many
acts of kindness shown me by Madam was more gratefully
received thau her present of clothes—not coarse and Tough to
the skin, nor ugly and common, befitting prisoners and
criminals, but soft and pleasant to wear and fit for the heat of
the climate. ’Twus no great hardship, certainly, to rise early
and to sit all day with needle and thread in a great room well
aired. The company, to be sure, was not what one would
have chosen; nor was the language of the poor creatures who
sot with me—prison and Bridewell birds, or negro slaves—such
as my poor mother would have desired her daughter to hear.
The food was coarse ; but I was often at the house (when
the master was away), and there Madam would constantly give
me something from her own table, a dish of chocolato (rightly
called the Indian nectar) made so thick and strong that a
spoon stands upright in it, or n glass of Madeira, if my cheeks
looked paler than ordinary. In this country the great heat of
the air seems to suck out and devour the heat of the body, so
that those of European birth, if they arc not nourished on
generous diet, presently fall into a decline or wasting away,
as is continually seen in the case of white servants, both men
and women, who die early, and seldom last more than five or
six Years.
Briefly, Madam seemed to take great pleasure in my con¬
versation, and would either seek me in the work-room or
would have me to the house asking questions as to my former
life. For herself, I learned that she was born in Cuba and
hiul been brought up by nuns in a convent; but how or why
she came to this place 1 knew not, nor did I ask. Other
gentlewomen of the island I never saw, and I think there
were none who visited her. Nor did she show kindness to the
women servants (except to myself), treating them all, as is the
fashion in that country, as if they were so many black negroes,
not condescending to more than a word ora command; and if
this were disobeyed, they knew very well what to expect from
her. But to me she continued thronghout to be kind and
gracious, thinking always how she could lighten my lot.
In this employment, therefore, I continued with such con-
teutment as may be imagined, which was rather a forced
resignation to the will of the Lord than a cheerful heart.
Hut I confi'ss that I looked upon the lot of the other women with
horror, and was thankful indeed tliat I was spared the miseries
of those who go forth to the fields. They begin at six in the
morning and work until eleven, when they eoine home to
dinner: at one o’clock they go out again and return at sunset,
which, in this country, is nearly always about half-past six.
But let no one think that work in the fields at Barbadoes may
be compared with work in the fields at home; for in England
there are cloudy skies and cold wintry days in plenty, but in
Barbatloes, save when the rain falls in prodigious quantities,
tile skies have no clouds, but are char blue all the year
round: the sun bums with a heat intolerable, so that the
eves are wellnigh blinded, the bead aches, the limbs fail,
and but for fear of the lash the wretched toiler would
lie down in the nearest shade. And a terrible thirst
(all this was told me by the girl Deb) seises the throat,
all day long, which nothing can assuage but rest. For
the least skulking the whip is laid on; and if there be
a word of impatience or murmuring, it is called stark
mutiny, for which the miserable convict, man or woman, is
tied up and flogged with a barbarity which would be incredible
to any were it not for the memory of certain flogging in our
own country. Besides the lash they have also the pillory and
the stocks, and the overseers carry in addition to their whip a
heavy eanc, with which they constantly belabour the slaves
both’whitc and black. I say “slaves,” because the white servants
are nothing less, save that the negroes are far better off and
receive infinitely better treatment than the poor white ereatures.
Indeed, the negro being the absolute property of his master,
both he and his children, to ill-treat him is like the wanton
destruction of cattle on a farm; whereas there is no reason in
making the convicts last out more than the ten years of their
servitude or even so long, because many of them are such poor
creatures when they arrive, and so reduced by the miseries of the
voyage, uud so exhausted by the hard labour to which
they are put that they bring no profit to the master,
but quickly fall ill and die like rotten sheep. Like rotten
sheep, I 'say, they die, without a word of Christian
exhortation ; "and like brute creatures who have no world to
•J» Hightl Rttirnd,
come are they buried in the ground! Again, the food served
out to these poor people is not such ns should be given to
white people in a hot climate. There is nothing but water to
drink and that drawn from ponds, because in llarbndoes there
are few springs or rivers. It is true that the old hands, who
have learned now to manage, contrive to make plantain wine,
and get, by hook or by crook, mobbie (which is a strong drink
made from potatoes), or kill-devil, which is the new spirit
distilled from sugar. Then, for solid food, the servants are
allowed five pounds of salt beef for each person every week,
and this so hard and stringy that no boiling will make it soft
enough for the teeth. Sometimes, instead of the beef, they
have as much salt fish, for the most part stinking ; with this a
portion of ground Indian corn, which is mode into a kind of
porridge and called loblollie. This is the staple of the food,
and there are no rustics at home who do not live better and
have more nourishing food.
I do not deny that the convicts are for the most part a
most horrid crew, who deserve to suffer if any men ever did ;
but it was sad to see how the faces of the people were pinched
with hunger and wasted with the daily fatigues, and how their
hollow eyes were full of despair. Whatever their sins may
have been, they were at least made in God’s own image: no
criminal, however wicked, should have been used with such
barbarity as was wreaked upon the people of this estate. The
overseers were chosen (being themselves also convicts) for
their hardness of heart. Nay, did they show the least kind¬
ness towards the poor ereatures whom they drove they would
themselves be forced to lay down the whip of office and to join
the gang of those who toiled. And over them was the master,
jealous to exact the last ounce of strength from the creatures
whom he had bought. Did the good people of Bristol who
buy the sugar and molasses and tobacco of the Indies know or
understand the tears of despair and the sweat of agony which
are forced with every pound of sugar, they would abhor the
trade which makes them rich.
The companion of my sleeping-hut, the girl Deb, was a
great, strapping wench, who bade fair to outlast her ten years
of servitude, even under the treatment to which, with the rest,
she was daily subjected. And partly because she was strong
and active, partly beeatise she had a certain kind of beauty
(the kind which belongs to the rustic, and is accompanied by
good-humour and laughter), she would perhaps have done well,
as some of the women do, and ended by marrying an overseer,
hut for events which presently happened. Yet, strong as she
was, there was no evening when she did not return worn out
with fatigue, her cheeks burning, her limbs weary, yet happy
because- she had one more day escaped the lash, and had the
night before her in which to rest. If it is worth noting, the
women were from the outset the most willing workers, and the
most eager to satisfy their taskmasters; the men, on the other
hand, went sullen and downcast, thinking only how to escape
the overseer's whip, and going through the work with angry
a ml revengeful eyes. I think that some great mutiny might
hnve happened upon this estate—some wild revenge—so
desperate were these poor creatures and so horrible were the
scourgings they endured, and the shrieks and curses which
they uttered. Let me not speak of these things.
There ore other things which make residence in Barbadoes,
even to the wealthy, full of annoyaners and irritations. The
place is filled with cockroaches, great spiders, horrid scorpions,
centipedes, and lizards. There are ants which swarm every¬
where and there are clonds of flies, and at night there are
moskeetor and merrywings, which by their bites have been
known to drive new-comers into fever, or else into a kind of
madness.
In the evenings after supper there reigned o melancholy
silence in the village, the people for the most part taking rest
with weary limbs. Sometimes there would be a quarrel, with
horrid oaths and curses and perhaps some fighting; but these
occasions were rare.
From the house there came often the noise of singing,
drinking, and loud talking when other planters would ride
over for a drinking bout. There was also sometimes to be
heard the music of the theorbo, upon which Madam played
very sweetly, singing Spanish Bongs: so that it seemed a pity
for music so sweet to be thrown away upon this selfish crevv.
It made me think of Humphrey, and of the sweet and lioly
thoughts which he woul.l put into rhymes, and then fit the
rhymes with music which seemed to breathe those very
thoughts. Alas ! In the village of Bradford Orcas there would
be now silence and desolation'. The good old Squire dead, iny
father dead, the young men sent to the Plantations, no one
left at all but the Rector and Madam his sister-in-law, and I,
alas! a slave. Perchance at that moment the Rector might
be slowly drawing his bow across the strings of his violoncello
thinking of those who formerly played with him ; or perhaps
he would be sorrowfully taking out his eases and gazing for a
little consolation upon the figures of his goddesses and his
nymphs. Only to think of the place, and of those who once
lived there, tore my poor heart to pieces.
One evening, when there was a great noise and talking at
the house, while we were sitting upon our beds with no other
light than that of the moon, Madam herself came to the
cottage.
“Child,” shesaid, “nothingwill do but that the gentle¬
men must see thy beauty. Nay, no harm shall happen while
I am there: so much they know. But he hath so bragged
about thy beauty and tlie great price he will demand for
ransom that the rest are mad to see thee. I swear that not
the least rudeness shall be offered thee. They are drinking, it
is true: but they are not yet drunk. Come! ”
So I arose and followed her. First, she took me to
her own room, where she took off iny hood and threw over
me a long white lace mantilla, whieh covered my head and fell
over my shoulders and below the waist.
She sighed as she looked at me.
“ Poor innocent!” she said. “If money could buy tlmt
face, there is not a man in the room but would give all he
hath and count it gain. Canst thou play or sing ? ”
I told her that. I had some knowledge of the theorbo,
Therefore she brought me hers, and bade me sing to the
gentlemen and then retire quickly. So I followed her into
the living or keeping room, where a dozen gentlemen were
sitting round the table. A bowl of punch was on the table,
mid every man had his glass before him, and a pipe of tobacco
in his hand. Some of their faces were flushed with wine.
“Gentlemen,” said Madam, “ our prisoner hath consented
to sing one song to you, after whieh she will ask permission to
bid you good-night.”
So they all clapped their hands and rapped the table, and
I. being indeed terrified, but knowing very well that to show
fear would he the worst thing I could do, touched the strings and
began my song. 1 sang the song which Humphrey made, and
winch he sang to the officers at Taunton when the Duke was
there.
When I finished, I gave back the theorbo to Madam,
curtseyed to the gentlemen, and quickly stepped back to
Madam’s room, while they all bellowed mid applauded and
roared for me to come back again. But I put on my bond and
slipped out to the cottage, where I lay down beside Deb, and
quickly fell asleep. (It is a great happiness, in these hot
NOV. 17, 1888
latitudes, that, when a new-comer hath once got over the
trouble of the merrywings, he falleth asleep the moment he
lies down, and so sleeps through the whole night.)
But in the morning Madam came to see me while I was
sewing.
“Well, Child,” she said, laughing, “thou hast gotten a
lover who swears that he will soon have thee out of this hell,”
“ A lover ! ” I cried. “ Nay !—that may God forbid ! ”
“’Tis true. Young Mr. Anstiss it is. While thou wast
singing he gazed on thy pretty face and listened as one
enchanted. I wonder—but no !—thou hast no eyes for such
things. And when thou wast gone lie offered the master four
times the sum he paid for thee—yea, four times— or six
times—saying that he meant honourably, and that if any man
dared to whisper anything to the contrary he would cut his
throat.”
“ Alas! Madam. I must never marry—cither this Mr.
Anstiss or any other.”
“Tut—tut. This is foolish maid’s nonsense. Grnpted
you have lost your old lover, there arc plenty more. Suppose
he hath lost his old sweetheart, there arc plenty more—as I
doubt not he hath already proved. Mr. Anstiss is a very
pretty young gentleman; but the master would not listen,
saying that he waited for the lady’s friends.”
And so passed six weeks, or thereabouts, for the only count
of time I kept wus from Sunday to Sunday. On that day we
rested; the negroes, who arc no better than heathens, danced.
The white servants lay about in the shade, mid drank what
they could ; in one cottage only on that godless estate were
prayers offered.
And then happened that great event which, in the end,
proved to be a change in my whole life, and brought happiness
out of misery, and joy out of suffering, though at fir.-t it
seemed only a dreadful addition to my trouble. Thus is the
course of things ordered for us, and thus the greatest blessings
follow upon the most threatening juncture. What this was I
will tell in a few words.
It was about the third week in September when I embarked,
and about the third week in November when the ship made
her port. Therefore, I take it that it was one day about the
beginning of the year 1686, when Madam came to the work¬
room and told me that a ship had arrived carrying a cargo of
two hundred rebels and more, sent out to work upon the
limitations, like myself, for the term of ten years. She also
told me that tlie master ivas gone to the Bridge in order to
buy some of them. Not, she said, that he winited more hands;
but he expected that there ivould be among them persons of
quality, who would be glad to buy their freedom. He still,
she told me, looked to make a great profit out ot myself, mid
was thinking to sell me, unless my friends in England speedily
sent proposals for my ransom, to the young planter who was
in love with me. This did not displease me. I have not
thought it necessary to tell how Mr. Anstiss came often to
the estate, and continually devised schemes for looking at me,
going to tlie Ingcnio, whence lie could see those who sat
in the work-room, and even sending me letters, vowing the
greatest extravagance of passion—I say X was not displeased,
because there was in this young gentleman's face a
certain goodness of disposition clearly marked; so that even
if I became his property I thought 1 might persuade him to
relinquish thoughts of love, even if I had to trust myself
entirely to his honour and tell him all. But, as you shall
hear, this project of the master’s was brought to naught.
As for the rebels, I was curious to see them. Some I
might recognise ; to sonic I might perhaps be of a little use at
the outset in guarding them against dangers. I did not fear,
or think it likely, that there would beany among them whom I
might know or who might know me. Yet the thing whieh I
lea, t suspected, and the least feared—a tiling which one would
have thought so unlikely as to make the event a miracle- nay,
call it rather the merciful ordering of all—tlmt tiling, I say,
actually happened.
The newly-bought servants arrived at about five in the
evening.
1 looked out of the work-room to see them. Why, I seemed
to know their faces—all their faces! They were our brave
West Country lads, whom I had last seen marching gallantly
nut of Taunton town to victory and glory (as they believed).
Now—pale with the miseries of the voyage, thin with bad
food and disease, hollow-cheeked and hollow-eyed, in rags
and dirt, barefooted, covered with dust, grimy "for want of
washing, their beards grown all over their faces—with hanging
heads, stood these poor fellows. There were thirty of them;
some had thrown themselves on the ground, as if in the last
extremity of fatigue; some stood with the patience that one
sees in brute beasts who are waiting to be killed; and in a
group together stood three—oh ! merciful Heaven! was this
misery also added to my cup?—they were Robin, Bamabv,
and Humphrey ! Robin’s fare, heavy and pale, betrayed tlie
sorrow of his soul. He stood as one who neither careth for
nor regardeth anything. My heart fell like lead to witness
the despair which was visible in his attitude, in his eyes, in his
brow. But Barnaby showed still a cheerful countenance and
looked about him, as if he was arriving a welcome guest
instead of a slave.
“ You know any of them, Child?” Madam asked.
“Oh ! Madam,’"’ I cried ; “ they are my friends—they are
my friends. Oh ! help them—help them ! ”
“ How can I help them ? ” she replied eoldly. “ They are
rebels, and they are justly punished. Let them write home
for money if they have friends, and so they can be ransomed.
To make them write tlie more movingly, the master hath
resolved to send them all to work in the fields. ‘ The harder
they work,’ lie says, * the more they will desire to lie free
again.' ”
In the fields! Oh! Robin— my poor Robin!
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
HUMPHREY'S NARRATIVE.
With these words—“ Oh! Robin ! Robin! ”—the history, as
set down in my Mistress’s handwriting, suddenly comes to an
end. The words are fitting, because her whole heart was full
of Robin, and though at this time it seemed to the poor creature
a sin still to nourish affection for her old sweetheart, l am
sure—nay, l have it on her own confession—that there was
never an hour in the waking day when Robin was not in her
mind, though between herself and her former lover stood the
dreadful figure of her husband. I suppose that, although she
began this work with the design to complete it, she had not the
courage, even when years lmd passed away and much earthly
happiness lmd been her reward, to write down the passages
whieh follow. Wherefore (and for another reason—namely,
a confession which must be made by myself before I die)
I have taken upon myself to finish that part of Alice
Eykin’s history whieh relates to the Monmouth rising amt
its unhappy consequences. Yon have read how (thanks to my
inexperience and ignorance of conspiracies, and belief in men s
promises) we were reduced to the lowest point of disgrace and
poverty. Alice did not tell, because till ufterwards she did not
know, tlmt on Sir Christopher’s death his estate was declared
confiscated, and presently bestowed upon Benjamin by favour
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 17, 1888.—585
586
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 17, 1688
of Lord Jeffreys; so thut lie whose nnihition it was to become
Lord Chancellor was already (which he had not expected) the
Lord of the Manor of Bradford ((reas. But of this hereafter.
I have called her my Mistress. Truly, all my life she hath
been to me more thou was ever Laura to 1'etvmch, or cvi n
Beatrice to tile great Florentine. The ancients represented
every virtue by a Goddess, a Grace, or a Nymph. Nay, the
Arts were nlso feminine (yet subject to the informing influence
of the other sex, as the Muses had Apollo for their director and
chief). To my mind every generous sentiment, every worthy
thought, all things that arc gracious, all things that lift my soul
above the common herd, belong not to me, but to my Mistress.
In my youth it was she who encouraged me to the practice
of those arts by which the soul is borne heavenwards—I mean
the arts of poetry and of music: it was she who listened
patiently when 1 would still be prating of myself, aud en¬
couraged the ambitions which had already seized my soul. So
that if I turned a set of verses smoothly, it was to Alice that I
gave them, and for her that 1 wrote them. When we played
heavenly music together, the thoughts inspired by the strain
were like the Italian painter's vision of the angelB which attend
the Virgin—1 mean that, sweet and holy ns the angels are, they
fall far short of the holiness and sweetness of her whom they
honour. So, whatever my thoughts or my ambitions, amidst
them all I saw continually the face of Alice, always filled with
candour and with sweetness. Thut quality which enables a
woman to think always about others, and never ubout herself,
was given to Alice in large and plenteous measure. If she
talked with me, her soul was all mine. If she was waiting
on Madam, or upon Sir Christopher, or upon the Rector,
or on her own mother, she knew their inmost thoughts and
divined all their wants. Nay, long afterwards, in the
daily exercise of work and study, at the I'niversitv of
Oxford, in the foreign schools 'of Montpellier, I'ndua,
and Leyden, it was Alice who, though fnraway, encouraged me.
I could no longer hear her voice ; but her steadfast eyes re¬
mained in my mind like twin stars that dwell in heaven. Til's
is a wondrous power given to a few women, that they should
become as it were angels sent from heiven, lent to the earth
a while, in order to fill men’s minds with worthy thoughts, and
to lead them in the heavenly way. The Romish Church holds
that the age of miracles hath never passed; which 1 do also
believe, but not in the sense taught by that Church. Saints
there are among us still, who daily work miracles, turning
earthly clay into the jasper aud the precious nimble of
Again, the great poet Milton hath represented his virtuous
lady unharmed among the. rabble rout of Cornua, protected
by her virtue alone, l’ity that he hath not also shown a young
man led by that sweet lady, encouraged, warned, and guarded
along that narrow way, beset with quag and pitfall, along
which he must walk who would willingly climb to higher place !
And all this apart from earthly love, as in the case of those
two Italian poets.
More, I confess, I would have had, and presumptuously
longed for it—nay, even prayed for it with such yeanlings
and longings as seemed to tear my very heart asunder. But
tliis was denied to me.
In September, 1085, tea weeks after the fl .lit of Sedgcmoor,
we, being by that time well tired of Exeter Prison, were
tried by Lord Jeffreys. It was no true trial, for we were all
a lvised to plead guilty, upon which the Judge bellowed and
roared at us, abusing us in such language os I never thought
to hear from the bench, and finally sentenced us all to death.
(A great deal has been said of this roaring of the Judge, but
I am willing to excuse it in great measure, on the ground of
the disease from which he was then suffering. I myself, who
had heard that he was thus afflicted, saw the drops of agony
upon his forehead, and knew that if he was not bawling at us
he must have been roaring on his own account.) So we were
marched back to prison and began to prepare for the last
ceremony, which is, I think, needlessly horrible and barbarous.
To cut a man open while he is still living is a thing
not practised even by the savage Turk. At this gloomy
time my cousin Robin set a noble example of fortitude
which greatly encouraged the rest of us. Nor would he ever
suffer me to reproach myself (as I was continually tempted to
do) with having been the cause of the ruin which had fallen
upon the whole of our unfortunate house. Nay, lie went further,
and insisted, and would have it, that hud I remuined in
Holland he himself would have joined the Duke, aud that I
was in no way to blame as an inciter to this unfortunate act.
We knew by tins time that .Sir Christopher had been arrested
and conveyed to Ilminstcr Jail, aud that with him were
Dr. Eykin, grievously wounded, and Barunby ; and that Alice,
with her mother, was also at llminster. Mr. Boscorel, for
his part, wo< gone to London in order to exert whatever
interest he might possess on behalf of all. With him went
Madam, Robin’s mother; but she returned before the trial,
much dejected, so that we were not encouraged to hope for
anything from that quarter. Madam began to build some
hopes at this time from Benjamin, because he, who had
accompanied the Judges from fsilidon, was the boon com¬
panion every night of Lord Jeffreys himself. But it is
one tiling to be permitted to drink and sing with n
great man nt night, and another thing to procure of him
the pardon of rebels (and those not the common sort,
but lenders and captaius). That Benjamin would attempt to
save us, I did not doubt; because in common decency and
humanity he must needs try to save his grandfather and his
cousins. But that he would effect unytliing—that, indeed. I
doubted. Whether he did make an attempt, I know not. H •
came not to the prison, nor did he make any sign that he
knew we were among the prisoners. Whnt he contrived, the
plot which lie laid, aud the villainy with which he carried it
out, you have already read. Well, I shall have much more to
sav about Benjamin. For the moment, let him pass.
1 say, then, that we were lying in Exeter Jail expecting to
be called out for execution at any hour. We were sitting in
the courtyard on the stone bench with gloomy hearts.
“ Robin—Humphrey—lads both !" cried a voice we knew.
It was the Rector, Mr. Boscorel himself, who called us.
“ Courage, lads! ” he cried (yet looked himself as mournful
as man can look). “ I bring you good news—I have this day
ridden from llminster (there is other news not so g o ’,) —
good news, I say: for you shall live, and not die ! I have so far
succeeded that the lives are spared of Robin Challis, Capta'u
in the Rebel Cavalry ; Baraaby Eykin, Captain of the Green
Regiment; nnd Humphrey Challis, Chyrorgeon to the Duke.
Yet must you go to the Plantations—poor lads.’—there to stay
for ten long years. Well, we will hope to get your pardon nnd
freedom long before that time is over. Yet you must, per¬
force, sail across the sens.”
“lad,” cried Robin, catching my hand, “cease to tear
thy heart with reproaches I See ! none of us will die, nfterall.”
“Ou tho scaffold, none,” said Mr. Boscorel. “On the
scaffold, none," he repeated.
“And what saith my grandfather, Sir':” Robin asked.
“ He is ulso enlarged, I hope, nt last. And how is the learned
Dr. Eykin t nnd Alice—my Alice—where is she f ”
“Young men," said the Rector, “prepare for tidings of
the worst— yes; of the very worst. Cruel news I bring to
you, boys; and for myself ”—he hung his head—“ cruel news,
shameful news I ”
Alas! you know already what he had to tell us. Worse
t'um the death of thut good old man, Sir Christopher; worse
than the death of the unfortunate Dr. Eykin and his mucli-
tiicd wife; there was the news of Alice’s marriage and of her
flight, and at hearing this we looked nt each other in dismay,
and Robin sprang to his feet and cried aloud for vengeance
upon the villain who hod done this thing.
“It is my own son,” said Mr. Boscorel: “yet spare him
not! He deserves all that you can call him, and more.
Shameful news I laid to tell you. Where the poor child hath
found a retreat or how she fares. I know not. Robin, ask me
not to curse my own sou-what is done will bringit* punish¬
ment in due time. Doubt it not. But of punishment we
need not speak. If there were any way—any way possible-
out of it! Bat there is none. 11 is a fatal blow. Death itself
alone can release her. Consider, Humphrey, consider; you are
not so distracted as your cousin. Consider, 1 say, that unhappy
girl is Benjamin's ‘lawful wife. If he can find her, he may
compel her to live with him. She is his lawful wife, I say. It
is a case in which there is no remedy; it is a wickedness for
which there is no help, until one of the twain shall die."
There was indeed no help or remedy possible. I will not
tell of the madness which fell upon Robin nt tliis news, nor of
the distracted things he said, nor how he wept for Alice at one
moment and the next cursed the author of this wickedness.
There was no remedy. Yet Mr. Boscorel solemnly promised to
seek out the poor innoceut girl, fore e.l to break" her vows for
the one reason which could excuse her—uniuelv, to save the
lives of all. h.- loved.
“They were saved already," Mr. Bosccr.l added. “He
knew that they were saved. He had seeu me; lie had the
news that 1 brought from London ; he knew it; and lie lied
unto her! There is no single particular in which his wicked¬
ness cun be excused or defended. Yet, I say, curses are of no
avail. The Hand of God is heavy upon all sinners, and will
f resently fall upon my unhnppy son—I pray that before that
laud shall fall his heart may be touched with repentance.”
But Robin fell into a melancholy from which it was im¬
possible to arouse him. He who, while death upon the
scaffold seemed certain, was cheerful and brave, now, when his
life was spared, sat heavy and gloomy, speaking to no one; or
if he spoke, then ill words of rage and impatience.
Mr. Boscorel remained ut Exeter, visiting us daily until the
time came when we were removed. He brought with him one
day n smooth-tongued gentleman in sober attire who was,
he told us, a West Indian merchant of Bristol, named George
Penne. (You have read, and know already, how great a
villain was this mail.)
“Thisgentleman," said Mr. Boscorel, “is able and willing,
for certain considerations, to assist you in your exile. You
have been given (among mauy others) by the King to one
Mr. Jerome Niplio, who hath sold all liis convicts to this
gcutleman. Iu his turn, he is under bonds to ship you
for the Plantations, where you will be sold again to the
planters.”
“Sirs,” Mr. Penne looked from one to the other of us with
compassionate eyes, " I have heard your melancholy case, and
it will be to my great hnppine.-s if I may be able in'any way to
soften the rigours of your exile. Be it known to you that I
have correspondents in Jamaica, Barbadoes, and Virginia, aud
that for certain sums of money these—my friends—will readily
undertake to make your servitude one merely in name. In
other words, as I have already informed his Reverence, I have
bought you iu the hope of being useful to you (I wish I could
thus buy all unhappy prisoners), mid I can, on paying my
friends what they demand, secure to you freedom from labour,
subject only to the condition of remaining abroad until your
term is expired, or your friends at home have procured your
pardon.”
“ As for the price, Humphrey,” said Sir. Boscorel, “ that
shall be my care. It is nearly ceitain that Sir Christopher's
estates will be confiscated, seeing that he died iu prison under
the charge of high treason, though he was never tried. There¬
fore we must not look to his lands for any help. What this
gentleman proposes is, however, so great a thing that we
must not hesitate to accept liis offer gratefully.”
“ I must have,” said Mr. Penne, “seventy pounds for each
prisouep I hear that there is a third young gentleman of
your party now in the same trouble at llminster; I shall
therefore ask for two hundred guineas—two hundred guineas
in all. It is not a large sum in order to secure freedom.
Those who cannot obtain this relief have to work in the fields
or iu the mills under the hot sun of the Spanish Main ; they
are subject to the whip of the overseer; they have wretched
food; they are worse treated than the negroes, because the
latter are slaves for life and the former for ten years only.
Bv paying two hundred guinea.' only you will all be enabled
to live at your ease. Meanwhile, your friends at home will be
constantly endeavouring to procure your pardon. I myself,
though but a simple merchant of Bristol City, can boast some
influence, which I will most readily exert to the utmost ill
your behalf”-
“ Say no more. Sir,” said Mr. Boscorel, interrupting him ;
“ the bargain is concluded. These young gentlemen shall
not be subjected to any servitude; I will pay you two hundred
guineas.”
“ I would. Sir"—Mr. Penne laid his hand, which was
large-, white, aud soft, the hand of a liar and a traitor, upon
his treacherous heart—“ I would to Heaven, Sir," he said,
“ that I could undertake this service for less. If my corre¬
spondents were men of tender hearts, the business should cost
you noil dug nt all. But they are men of business: they say
that they live not abroad for pleasure, but for profit; they
cannot forego any advantage that may offer. As for me, this
job brings mo no profit. 1’pen my honour, gentlemen, profit
from such a source I should despise: every guinea that you
give me will be placed to the ctedit of my correspondents, who
will, I am assured, turn a pretty penny by the ransom of the
prisoners. But thnt we cannot help. And as for me - I say it
boldly in the presence of this learned nnd pious clergyman—I
am rielily rewarded with the satisfaction of doing a generous
thing. That is enough, I hope, for any honest man.”
The fellow looked so benevolent, and smiled with so much
compassion, that it was impossible to doubt his word. Besides,
Mr. Boscorel had learned many things during the journey to
Ixnidon; among others that it would be possible to buy
immunity from labour for the convicts. Therefore, he
hesitated not, but gave him what he demanded, taking in
return a paper, which was to be shown to Mr. Pcnne’s corre¬
spondents, in which he acknowledged the receipt of the money,
and demanded in return a release from actual servitude. This
paper I put carefully iu my pocket with my note-book, and
my case of instruments.
It was, so far as my ’memory serves me, about six weeks
nftcr our pardon was received when we heard that we were to
be marched to Bristol, there to be shipped for some port
or other across the oceun. At Taunton we were joined
by a hundred poor fellows os fortunate as ourselves: and
nt Bridgwater by twenty more, whose lives had been bought
by Colonel Kirke. Fortunate we esteemed ourselves; for
everywhere the roads were lined with legs, heads, trunks, and
arms, boiled aud blackened ill pitch, stuck up for tile terror of
the couutry. Well; you shall judge how fortunate we were.
When we reached Bristol, we found Mr. Penile upon the
Quay, with some other merchants. He changed colour when
lie saw us; but quickly ran to meet us, and whispered that we
were on no account to betray liis goodness ill the matter of
ransom, otherwise it might be the undoing of us all, anil
perhaps cause his own imprisonment. He also told me that
the ship was bound for Barbadoes, and we should hnvc to mess
with the other prisoners ou the voyage, but thnt it would alt
l e made up to us when we arrived. He further added that lie
had requested his correspondents to cutertnin us until money
should arrive from England, and to become our bunkers for all
that we should want. And with that lie clasped my baud
tenderly, and with a “ God be wi’ ye ! ” he left us, and wo
saw him no more.
{To be continued. 1
Sir John Hardy Thursby, of Orincrod House, Burnley, who
was High Sheriff of Lancashire in the Jubilee year, has pre¬
sented to the town of Burnley twenty-eight acres of land near
the centre of the town as the site for a public park, 'i) ;
value of the land is estimated at over £25,000.
A fine picture of “ The Ascension," the work of Mr. Cave
Thomas, who has been occupied with it two or three years, has
been placed above the altar in Christ Church, Stafford-strect.
Marylebone. 'ilie artist, who has treated this religious theme
somewhat iu the manner of Raffaelle’s “Transfiguration,"
represents the Saviour's figure in the upper part of the picture,
rising above a golden cloud, below which are the Apostles,
grouped around a rook at Bethany, St. Peter and St. John
foremost; Christ is surrounded by angels, with wings of
iridescent hues. The picture, which is of large size, 15 ft.
high aud 8 ft. G in. wide, is much admired as a work of art.
Mr. Cave ThomaB also painted the lunette picture in this
church, and the twelve heads of the Apostles at the Russian
Church in YVelbeck-street.
Her Majesty's surveying-ship Egeria, under the command
of Captain P. Aldrich, R.N., has, during a recent sounding
cruise and search for reported banks to the south of the
Friendly Islands, obtained two very deep soundings of 42115
fathoms and 4430 fathoms, equal to five English miles, re¬
spectively, the latter in latitude 24 deg. 37min. 8., longitude
175 deg. 8 min. W., the other about twelve miles to the south¬
ward. These depths are more than 1000 fathoms greater than
any before obtained in the Southern Hemisphere, and are only
surpassed, as far as is yet known, in three spots in the world-
one of 4G55 fathoms off the north-east coast of Japan, found
by the United States steam-ship Tnscarora ; one of 4475
fathoms south of the Ladrone Islands, by the Challenger; nnd
one of 45G1 fathoms north of Porto Rico, by the United States
ship Blake. Captain Aldrich's soundings were obtained with
a Lucas sounding machine and galvanised wire. The deeper
one occupied three hours, and was obtained in a considerably-
confused sea, a specimen of the bottom being successfully
recovered. Temperature of the bottom, 33-7 deg. Fahr.
Heady December 3 ,
OUR CHRISTMAS NUMBER
COMPLETE STORY by D. CHRISTIE MURRAY,
Entitled “ PAUL JONES’S ALIAS,”
Illustrated by A. FOREST IE It.
“TWO CHRISTMA8 EVES.” By MASON JACKSON.
ILLUSTRATION:* by G. D. LESLIE, R.A., A. FORESTIKR, STANLEY BERKELEY,
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Printed in the Finest Style of Chromo-Lithography:
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JLLUSTRATED J^ONDON ^LMANACK FOR 1889.
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THE CHILDREN’S ANNUAL,
FATHER, CHRISTMAS,
cossumsn or a
CHILDREN'S STORY, entitled “ The Golden Horseshoes."
By HORACE LENNARD. Illustrated by OEOItQE CRUIKSHANK.
Superbly Printed on Superfine Paper.
WITH A PRESENTATION PICTURE,
Entitled “RED HIDING HOOD.”
Painted by G. Hillyjrd SWINSTBAD, and accepted for Exhibition by tho
Royal Academy.
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POSTACE FOR FOREICN PARTS THIS WEEK.
NOVEMBER 17, 1888.
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Sov.
l ^ me Jr
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" fcit M,«ad» f
'"W. Buralor, ,|, t
“W£e
1 Mobile park. 'I|.
' *°* <>f Kr. Cart
“ or three years, hai
l " :4 T rril fioosa,e m ,
1 fMisfijjnntioi;
[ J' art °f l he pict« re
I are the Aptotic
V ter and SUoba
'7 ,* uil w »n?« of
large «i», 13ft.
1 as a work of art
,f *’ picture in this
>'iw at the Uussiaa
1 ader the commaa-j
a recent soundiae
» the south of the
vmndingp of 42c
English miles. *
'“do- S.. longitude
fnile« to the south-
ithoros greater than
sphere, and are only
•pots in the world—
st of Japan, fonnd
rora: one of ■lir.i
he Challenger; and
y the United States
vere obtained with
wire. The deeper
in s considerably.
Wing snecessfulij
7 deg. Fahr.
DUMBER
'IE MURRAY,
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
&81
■ L,
MAS,
seshoes-"
hi-ikshamc.
NOVELS.
In Far Lochaber. By William Black. Three vols. (Sampson
Low and Co.).—Word-painting of romantic landscape, of sea-
views and cloud-views, of mountain, moor, and wood, of loch
and river, and the varied atmospheric effects of sunlight in
the changeful, rainy climate of the West Highland shores, is
practised by this anthor with continued success. He keeps
also a fair stock of the different types of Scottish life and
character—from the Lowland townsfolk, farmers, and Kirk
elders or ministers, to the chivalrous leirds of ancient lineage,
usually retired military men from India, who are, perhaps, a
survival of the Waverley period, with their gillies and other
retainers of the primitive Celtic race, speaking a quaint and
scanty dialect of English and plenty of native Gaelic. These
materials afford piquant contrasts of social condition and
behaviour, which Mr. Black can exhibit with humorous
effect; while he is enabled, by the steam-boat and railway
travelling of the modern West Highland tourists' route, to
shift the scenes with much ease and convenience. It is not,
in these days, "a far cry to Lochiel" : and “ Far Lochaber,”
the adjacent district north of Ben Nevis. has been rendered very
accessible. Fort William and its neighbourhood, where Alison
Blair goes to stay with her aunts and nncle and cousins, suit
the purposes of the novelist. A girl may incantiously embark on
the loch in a small sailing-skiff with a reckless and stnpid boy,
and may be saved from capsizing in a squall by the gallant
dexterity of Captain Macdonnell. The chief utility of the
mountain-path is to lead her into perils, those of being caught
in n thunder-storm, or lost in a fog on the verge of a precipice,
or even—as in another recent novel—spraining her ankle, so
that the desirable young geutleman may help her in distress,
and may wrap her up in his own coat. Such adventures,
besides admitting of picturesque description, are good narrative
business, serving to make the hero and heroine feel that they
belong to one another. It is a fine healthy way of bringing
about the union of hearts, instead of the mutnal exchange of
sentimental reflections, or the comparison of drawing-room
and ball-room experiences, attending the intimacy of some
other young persons. Neither Alison norLudovick Macdonnell
is much addicted to morbid self-introspection ; and their com¬
panions. her Cousin Flora and Cousin Hugh, arc high-spirited,
active, cheerful, and delightful. Their parents, Dr. and Mrs.
Munro, are very kind ; but tho most amusing person in the
family is Aunt Gilchrist, a fiery little Scotchwoman with the
warmest heart, the sharpest tongne, and tho
most innocent fits of petulance or rage
when suffering from peripheral neuralgia,
but who is an angel of goodness to Alison,
and endows her with a sufficient fortune.
All this is pleasant ; and the cruel tricks
of the sly and malicious Johnny, the boy-
fiend of the village, arc somewhat atoned
by his devotion to Alison's service; but Far
Lochaber is not the homo of her birth. She
is the daughter of a gloomy and fanatical
Free Kirk minister in a dismal, smoky,
grimy, manufacturing town of Lanarkshire,
where a hideous, brutal elder, Mr. Cowan,
and his cunning wife, are /scheming to get
her married to their son James, an idiotic
candidate for the minjptry. Tho worst
of Alison's difficulties is that her noble
Lndovick, a frank ami manly young fellow,
heir to his father’s modest lairdship at Oyre.
is a Roman Catholic like his Highland
ancestry, and thereby fearfully obnoxious to
all her Free Kirk folk. ThiB situation pre¬
sents, in a mollified form, the same domestic
problem as that of “A Daughter of Heth."
We are not aware that the dread and dislike
of Romanism prevailing among Scotch
Presbyterians are more acrimonious in the
Free Kirk than among the - U. P.'s ” or the
adherents to the Establishment in that
country. Alison Blair, though at Kirk o’
Shields a dutiful assistant to her father,
and so demnre there in her behaviour that
her lively cousin has nicknamed her "Miss
Dimity Puritan." does not bore her High¬
land friends with theological controversy. In
fact, she does not object to play cards, to dance
in chambers near Gray’s Inn, bnt afterwards the Paris corre¬
spondent of a daily newspaper, ultimately the lucky holder
of an easy and well-paid Government office, and the happy
husband of a bright young lady named Clara, tells us what
happened to Walter Pole. That gentleman, before Denham
knew him, was rasli enough to contract a secret marriage with
a certain Adelaide, a half-Frenchwoman, of violent temper and
bold manners, profligate in her conduct, and with a tasto for
drink. He separated from her.aftera month or two; but allowed
her a part of his income, while he went into society as a sup¬
posed bachelor. His introduction to a family named Delamere,
keeping up an establishment of fastidious gentility in South
Kensington, leads to distressing trials of a mutual affection
which cannot he legitimately indulged. Mr. Delamere, an
elderly widower, is finely portrayed, with much of the humour
of Dickens, as a sort of esthetic Pecksniff, an eloquent but
hollow and empty lecturer on the moral teachings of Art and
Beauty, and a collector of pictures, statuary, Japanese ware,
and Old Worcester china. His relative and disciple, Sebastian
Dolmer Jones, is an arrant coxcomb, whose affectations are
still more ridiculous, and Pole, a very manly fellow, regards
them both with civil contempt; but Mary Delamere, a sensible,
graceful, noble-minded young woman, makes too deep an
impression on bis heart. Though he, being sternly upright
and honourable, never thinks of showing his love, and for
some time avoids visiting the house, Mary is in love with him,
which is soon detected by her friend Clara Grantley. Pole and
Denham are together in a house-boat up the Thames, about
the time of the Henley Regatta, when Pole's secret boeomes
known to his companion by a meeting with the fierce
and vindictive Adelaide. A caricature figure is that of her
unscrupulous ally, one Goldsmith, a Jewish solicitor and
money-lender, who presently concocis a scheme to extort
money from Pole. The unexpected deaths of several persons
have left Walter Pole next heir to a peerage and estates in
Devonshire worth £20,000 a-ycar. Goldsmith, aware of this
and of the declining health of old Lord Wolborough, brings to
Pole a certificate of the death of his wife Adelaide, and of her
burial in Kensal-green Cemetery. These documents have
been obtained by falsely giving her name, “ Adelaide Pole," to
a woman run over by a cab in the street, who died in St.
Bartholomew's Hospital. The intention of the conspirators is
to allow Walter Pole to contract a bigamous marriage with
Miss Delamere ; and. when he is rich, as he will soon be, to
plunder him hy threats of exposure. Their wicked design
LA MANDOLINATA.
The title means only a piece of music played on a mandolin
the mandolin is an Italian variety of the guitar, as the banjo I
an American variety, ascribed to the music-loving negroes o
the Sou them States, whose characteristic performances wen
copied long ago, with a higher degree of artistic refinement
hy our old popular favourites, the Ethiopian Serenades anc
Christy Minstrels The Southern gift of spontaneous song
which Nature has bestowed, with the frequent endowment ol
a fine voice, on the people of the Neapolitan provinces, thou"*
not in every district, obtains a suitable accompanying instru¬
ment in the mandolin. This vies with the Welsh or the Irish
harp, if not of equal fame as a national symbol, in it«
association with the lyric strains which arc cherished foi
ages in the memory of an imaginative race—the emotional
essence of past experience, more profound than that of
any recorded history, in the lives of preceding generations.
ISew songs and new tunes, indeed, may from time to time bo
invented, or rather inspired, by the unfailing sentiments of
love, regret, and pity, the tender wishes, the ardent long¬
ings, the youthful desires, the romantic hopes or dreams,
the sad incidents of separation, of inconstancy, and of
untimely death, which always and everywhere, among man¬
kind, draw forth the utterance of natural feeling. The heart
itself is an instrument which manhood and womanhood, at
the susceptible period of life, must ever carry about with
them, and which is played upon, just in the same way, by
striving affections, as it was a thousand years ago—as when
Catullus warbled his devotion to Lesbia; as in the isles of
Greece, “ where burning Sappho loved and sang”; as it was.
no doubt, from the days of Adam and Eve, in the ever-renewed
mutual relations of the human family. Imaginative emotion
will find vent in poetry and music; and some little skill in
these arts arises among the savage tribes of Africa or Polynesia,
ns well as in the ancient cultured civilisation of Europe. It
is ‘‘ the one touch of Nature that makes the whole world
kin and this Italian lady in the picture, gracefully performing
her sweet “ Mandolinata,” is doing the same that thousands
of her sisters are doing, with strings more or less attuned to
perfect melody, in different regions of the globe.
FOX-HUNT TESTIMONIAL.
A testimonial was presented to Sir Bache Canard, Bart., of
Ncvill Holt, Market Ilarborough, Leicestershire, on Nov. 1,
which is regarded with much interest in
fox-hunting circles. The members of Sir
Bache Canard's Hunt subscribed to make
him a gift that should testify their appre¬
ciation of the manner in which he has
hunted the South Leicestershire country
during the past ten years. It was decided
by the contributors that the testimonial
should take the form of a life-size fox, to
be produced in the highest style of art, and
to be cast in solid silver. The commission
was intrusted to Mr. Rowland Ward, F.Z.S.,
of Piccadilly, who modelled the fox from
life, representing the attitude just as reynanl
is drawing across an opening from covert
to covert, and on tho alert, as though in
recognition of some suspicious sound rr
incident. The original model has been cast
in solid silver, 511) ounces of the valuable
metal being used. The figure has the merit
of strong truthfulness to nature, and the
work has a degree of artistic power which
renders it superior to ordinary productions
of the silversmith.
TESTIMONIAL FRESENTET TO SIR J1ACHE CUNAKD, BART., BY THE MEMBERS OF HIS Ht
MARKET HARliOROUOHj LEICESTERSHIRE.
. . nd sing and
enjoy all innocent fun. She has, indeed, like several eminent
literary Agnostics of this day. had her orthodox creed unac¬
countably sapped by “ a patient study ” of Paley and Butler, who
would be surprised to know, in the present uneasy age, what an
amount of scepticism their arguments are said to have pro¬
duced. Dismissing these questions, which Mr. Black, a novelist
of much tact, only touches very lightly, we observe
that the stern and cruel opposition of the Free Kirk
persuasion to Alison's Lochaber love is the mainspring
of his interesting story. It arrives at a forcible situation
hy the peculiar facilities for love-matches through the .Scott¬
ish process of legal marriage ; Alison being of full age, she
and Ludovick go one morning, with two witnesses, to tho
office of the Sheriff Depute, and sign a declaration, which is
duly registered, and they are husband and wife. But a
peremptory summons from her father calls her back
that very day to Kirk o’ Shields, where she is treated
in a manner that we can hardly understand. Why should
she consent to be handed over to Mrs. Cowan, taken away
to Portobello, near Edinburgh, and kept a close prisoner
until her lover, who is now her lawful husband, recaptures
the helpless victim/ Such an outrage might have been
supposed impossible in the case of a young woman of in¬
dependent spirit. Mr. Black seems, indeed, better acquainted
with the laws of Scotland than we can pretend to be; and we
learn something from his account of the conference with an
Edinburgh lawyer. It appears that a husband so married
can do no more to vindicate his rights than to sue his
wife for a decision whether the contract of marriage is
to be adhered to; and, when he could not discover her
abode to serve notice of action upon her, the Court might
be asked to summon her father, as a party to the con¬
cealment of her abode. The Rev. Mr. Blair would go to
prison for contempt of Court if he obstinately stuck to the
conspiracy ; but Ludovick is dissuaded from so harsh a pro¬
secution. Fortunately, by the sharpness of the boy Johnny,
and by putting James Cowan, the booby divinity student, in
terror for his precious life, the search for Mrs. Ludovick
Macdonnell is at length successful, and she is carried off by
the man of her choice. The tale hereby comes to a happy
euding, saddened only by the early death of her sister Agnes,
a consumptive, delicate girl, addicted to fond spiritualistic
dreams, whose short life was never cheered by a visit to Far
Lochaber.”
The Weaker Vestel. By D. Christie Murray. Three vols.
(Macmillan and Co.).—This novel is one of those stories in
which the troubles and efforts of the principal personages are
related by a confidential friend and helper, writing in his own
person. The second-best man, John Denham, living at first
makes some approach to success; for Walter Pole, believing
himself free, and kindly encouraged by old Lord Wolborough,
after revealing the fact of his former unhappy marriage,
is regularly engaged to Mary Delamere. But John Den¬
ham, engaged about the same time to Clara, accidentally
sees Adelaide in Paris, recognises the unworthy wife of
his friend, the woman supposed to have died three or four
months before, and hastens to London with this terrible
intelligence. It is borne with great fortitude by Mary
and by Walter Pole; there is no scene, but letters are ex¬
changed at the breaking off of the engagement. He compels
Goldsmith, by terror of a horsewhipping, as well as by
menaces of criminal prosecution, to confess the infamous
trick that has been practised on him. Then, having come
into the title and fortune expected, he, now Lord Wolborough,
offers his wife £5000 a year, on condition of her never molest¬
ing him again ; he travels abroad, and gambles prodigiously,
losing £12,<J(>0 at ecarte in one sitting. In the meantime,
Denham and Clara are happily settled, while Mr. Delamere's
pretensions are destroyed by a host of creditors ; he sells off
his art-treasures, and meanly borrows money of Lord Wol-
borough, to the indignation of Mary, who quits her father to
join a sisterhood of lady nurses. The least probable incident
of the story ensues, which is that the abandoned Adelaide,
Lady Wolborough, preferring her revenge to the £5000 a year
for life that is offered her, after getting a short enjoyment of
luxurj'aud pride by using her husband’s name, insists on living
in his house; which being denied, she refuses to touch his
splendid allowance, sinking into the most squalid destitution.
This is incredible, but it serves to inflict upon her the dire
retribution which she is considered to deserve ; being actually
knocked down by a street vehicle, like the poor woman who
died in the hospital, and suffering extreme misery, in one of
the vilest slums of London, with an incurable injury to the
spine, till she is rescued by “Sister Constance,” Miss Delamere,
with the aid of John Denham and a beneficent Dr. Mason.
INTERNATIONAL TRADES CONGRESS
On Nov 10 the concluding sitting of this
congress was held in St. Andrew's Hall—
Mr G Shipton presiding, and M. Anseelc
(Ghent) acting as foreign chairman. Messrs,
llroadhurst, Burt, Fenwick, Crawford, and
Abraham were present. After a long dis¬
cussion, taken partin by several English ar.d
foreign delegates, the following resolution
was carried by four nationalities to two and
passed : but the voting of the English delegates was, for the
resolution, 11; against it. 31:—“This Congress is of opinion that,
owing to the concentration of capital, and the relative weakness
of trades’ anions in proportion to the number of workers,
it is impossible to further reduce the hours of labour without
the aid of the State ; and that in every case eight hours per day
should be the maximum number of hours worked.” On the
motion of Mr. Burt, M.P.. seconded by Mr. J. Wilson (Durham),
it was Tesolved that—“Seeing that the huge armaments main
tained by the Governments of Europe constitute a standing
menace to the peace of the world, and impose terrible financial
burdens on the industrial classes, this Congress recommends
the democracy to give a mandate to their representatives
to substitute the principle of arbitration for war in the
settlements of disputes between Governments.” — Mies
Simcox (London) moved, and M. Keiifer (Paris) seconded, a
resolution, which was carried, “ regretting the absence from
the Congress of any representatives of German, Austrian, or
Russian trade unions ” ; and desiring to convey to the workers
of those countries “ the profound sympathy of the delegates
with the difficulties against which they had to contend.” It
was announced that the next International Congress would
be held in Paris in 1889, and the Congress closed with a
few valedictory words addressed by the president to the foreign
delegates.
A concert, with a full programme, is announced to be
given at the IIolborn Townhall on Nov. 28 in aid of the funds
of the Machine Battery Tower Hamlets Rifle Brigade.
A species of bottle-nosed whale, with her calf, was captured
on Nov. 10 by the fishermen in Ballycotton Bnv. The whale
measured 29 ft., its girth being 19 ft.
In opening the new drill-hall of the 2nd City of Loudon
Rifles, which has been erected in Farriugdon-road, the Duke
of Cambridge said no man had a stronger feeling for the
The wretched woman, however, remains for some time ignorant Volunteers than he had, and nothing that he could do to support
that Sister Constance is Mary Delamere, whom she had never its interests and efficiency should be wanting.—At the Rainham
before seen, but for whom she has conceived an intense hatred. Ranges, Essex, on Nov. 10, the prominent rifle shots of the City
When, at length, she is allowed—being not far from a dying of London Volunteer Regiments competed for the Gold Badge
condition—to go down to Wolborough Court, and to call herself of the City of London Rifle Association and the rifle champion-
its mistress, there are several passionate and pathetic scenes, ship. Some excellent scores were made. The competition was
ending with an almost tacit act of forgiveness, described with
mueh power, and without any gushing excess in the language
of emotion. It is scarcely needful to add that Mary Delamere,
who had once been ironically called by her own father “ the
weaker vessel,” being a woman of far stronger moral nature
thau any man, finally becomes the wife of Walter, Lord Woi-
borongb, and the story closes with a serene prospect of domestic
love and peace.
decided by an aggregate of two “shoots” at Queen's First
Stage distances, one in the spring and the other on Nov. 10.
At the close of the coutest Sergeant J. J. Keliher, of the
London Rifle Brigade, was declared the winner with the fine
aggregate of 183 points—IK) and 93. The Silver Badge was
taken by Sergeant Tayton. London Rifle Brigade, with 180 (90
and 90), and the Bronze Badge by Private JElkington, London
Rifle Brigade, 17/ (91 and 86).
588.-THE ILLUSTRATED LONDOK HE^ S > 1
A3ST33 0LI
PBAWS BV C. tmai,
-450N NEWS, Nor. 17, 1888.- 589
KlEtiEI*
500
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
ttoV. 17, 1888
HIGHLAND INDUSTRIES.
There can be no doubt that the modern Fair Trade move¬
ment owes its origin as much to the fear of centralisation ami
its effects as it does to the calculations of mere economic profit
and loss. Many who have not studied the political merits of
Free Trade versus Fair Trade are yet sufficiently satisfied rhnt
it is ruinous for a country to fellow its rural population to
decay for lack of profitable employment. They perceive that
ill? first essential of a nation's welfare is the physical health
and strength of its individual units. Such health ami
strength obviously depend largely upon the preservation of a
prosperous peasantry. The fate of other countries in which the
population was allowed to become altogether urban rises before
thoughtful eyes ; hence many are ready to give countenance to
any movement which promises to restore prosperity to orr
rural industries. While it may be true that wheat can bo got
from America at a cheaper rate than it can be grown in Britain,
such thinkers argue that the doubtful gaiu to the nation's
pocket means a certain loss to the national health ; and they
would prefer to pay a trifle more for their loaf in order to seo
a larger population thrive in the country district).
Students of (esthetics, again, do not cease to express their
regret at the decay of ancient handicrafts in consequence of
the increase of machine manufacture. They point to the
pottery of Greece and Etruria and to the brass-work of
Hindustan, all hand-made, And all, even the humblest article,
bearing the individual grace bom of loving artist fingers; and
they compare these with tho uncouth pots and the tasteless
mouldings turned out by the gross by modem machinery. As
the slightest sketch by the human band contains an interest
not to be found in the finest photograph, the apostles of
culture argue that much of the picturesque charm of life has
been lost in substituting for human handwork the monotonous
philistinism of machinery products; and they would be glad to
welcome any prospect of return to the more individualistic
methods of bygone days. To people of taste the grey cathedral,
growth of long and patient labour, and bearing in window
mullion and in column capital the thoughtful handwork of
individual men, naturally appears fairer and better than the
spick and span new chapel turned out to pattern by steam
machinery. And in tho same way the carven platter of
ancient use is preferred to the coarse and gaudy crockery
which has taken its place.
6 The social economist, too, is beginning to look askance on
tho vaunted advantages gained by means of the labour-saving
apparatus of modern invention. While relieving multitudes
from painful toil, this new forde, Steam, he is beginning to
perceive, has not relieved these multitudes from the necessity
of toiling, but has merely taken from them the means of live¬
lihood. The weaving, for instance, which once afforded
employment and daily bread to many a prosperous village
throughout the land, is now performed by steam-power in the
hands of a very few capitalists. The power of steam, the
social economist contends, has been a benefit, not to the work¬
ing population at large, but to the few individuals who have
succeeded in securing its monopoly ; and he begins to regard a
return to more primitive methods of production as the only
effective means of lessening the great and ominous multitudes
of our unemployed. It would be better, he considers, to have
fewer fortunes made by wholesale manufacturers, if by such
means the country could be covered again with small handi¬
craftsmen, each happy in the perfection and tho reward of
his work.
And there can be no doubt that in many departments the
production of the individual craftsman is immensely superior
to the work turned out by crank and piston. The keen and
true steel blades hammered on tho anvil of Andrea Ferrara
were something very different from the baj’onete which bent
double against Arab ribs in the Soudan ; and everyone knows
by experience how the shaggy tweeds woven in the cottage
hand-looms of the island of Harris outwear the steam-mado
cloths of Yorkshire. For the sake of common honesty and
simple economy, therefore, the revival of rural industries is an
object greatly to be desired.
A return, however, to tho fiscal laws of forty years
ago is not within the horizon of practical politics. A tax
u|»on corn would mean an immediate rise in the price of
bread, while the consequent general rise in wages would bo
less perceptible and much slower in arriving—a state of affairs
which no Government would be bold enough to face. En¬
couragement to the strengthening of peasant population by
this means most, therefore, for long be laid aside as hopeless.
Equally impractic.ahleappc.ars the direct crusade of Aestheticism
and the higher socialism against the employment of steam. A
great institution is not likely to disappear simply because it
disagrees with the sentiments of a few theorists. What is
desirable, therefore, both for reasons of taste and of economics,
is the discovery and encouragement of rural means of liveli¬
hood which will not be affected, as agriculture has been, by
foreign importation, and which will be able to hold their own
against the competing powers of machinery. Some of these
means, possible to crofter and cottar, have already been
pointed out—such as the keeping of bees, the breeding of
fowls and rabbits, and the growing of flowers and fruiit. And
recently public notice has been drawn to further possibilities in
the same direction by tho exhibition of home-made goods in the
Townhall of Inverness.
The movement of which this is the outcome, inaugurated
some four years ago by the Duchess of Sutherland and the
Marchioness of Stafford, has already attained conspicuous
success, and promises to result in a revival of many of the
ancient home-industries of the Highlands. Goods spun,
woven, and knitted by crofters’ wives and daughters from
the fleeces of their own sheep are there to be seen ; while
spinning-wheels, picture-frames, baskets, fishing-rods, aiul
pieces of rustic furniture indicate possibilities of remune¬
rative employment for more than the mere leisure hours
of the crofters themselves. Some idea may be bad of the
benefit which might accrue from the development of such
domestic industries, from the fact that last year, the second of
the exhibition, the sum of £1.*»0 was earned in this way by one
parish alone, containing a population of little over 1200.
Many productions, those bordering upon the arts for
instance, such as wood-carving, are, it should be remembered,
impossible to machinery, and are therefore in no fear of being
undersold bv that competitor : while other home-made goods,
like the Harris tweeds and Shetland shawls, by their intrinsic
beatify, durability, and excellence, can well bold their own
against all comers. Even were these goods unable to make
their way into the open market, it should be kept in mind that
a hnndrod-and-fifty years ago the Highland communities were
all but self-contained, manufacturing, each for itself, nearly
the whole of the materials necessary for life ; and there are
many good reasons to be advanced for a return, in some
degree, to these simple methods of provision. By the revival
or the old Highland industries much may be done in the near
future to render many a forsiken village once more prosperous
i nil populous ; and already the happy result of the movement
inaugurated among these northern glens affords proof that
attention has been successfully directed to the subject.—G. E.-T.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
C 'muiuniralinnt for this de)Kirtme*t thould be addrrwd to the Ckftt Editor.
II M I'uidkai x.—- Wo like t lie iranit* and lim e marked It tor insertion *1 e*rlin»i
<>l»|»>rtuini>. Til
i- iiitavuidAiilr.
Till: Ml to Kt *q.,r toKirtli;
iver for yourself.
nti*fociory. For Inutnnce. if
ei; 3, either Kt or g can mate.
. The dt'iiuauda on our
n. Holland).-1. R t
Kt 4th. K
O K 4th, II
» I*si Kt take* D (i
iml «•
kV I * Y III
3. Kt or II
onumi ion. If Black defend* by P take* 1*.
UMNl plain Initial- for
«I one* for Black, we could I hen g
w Btup i.r.—T our problem contain* many neat idea*, and shall he published in
K K K.—Vo* i flrsl move is sufllcleot, if riglit. Tire solution you give of No. sax is
t Solution* or Tnoni.KM No. sei received from O B He yet t (Middle
INilaha); of No. £133 from jourpb T Pullen tl.-nnce*toni s of No. SIJI fron
lluirhe* Morris iC*nliff>, A <; Hiupit, and Clwrle* "
I. A w, Voonliyn (Holland I. K W Kn«>r (Card
li Itiv«>r, Hr limn
Walt* <Hei.
l <Sheffield 1," I* C (The
t (Sheffield), Jupiter
, Paul Von
,!. I)«-ai
..»**< WhH
Hamilton
(Rider). J Hall. Dawn. A Newman, Dr F St. Pcidhouse. J Dixon (C.dcheateri
G V i Brentwood), WiJ*.«i» (Grange-on-Sands). Columbus. Mra Kelly (I.ifton), H G
Tm kcr (PoniyiwHil), B L Ni-betr, H F N Hank-*. Dane John, II World - * (Cnirer-
hurj >, J D Tucker < I,ec*ls), J Gastrin (Reima), Thomaa Chown. W II Itailleie,
T lloliert*. B Louden. .Inmc« Sage, V S.CliolweH, Dr Wally. (Heidelberg), Bhad-
forth, Alpha, A G Bagot, E Phillip*. G J Veale, J Cuad.and Percy Kwctb
Solution of Problem No. 2324.
WniTK. BLACK.
1. B to Q 4th Any move
2. Mates accordingly.
PROBLEM NO. 2328.
By Hereward.
BLACK.
WHITE.
White to piny, and mate In four moves.
CHESS BY CORRESPONDENCE.
A well-con test o; I mine between Messrs. G. B. Fkaskk, of Dundee, and Mr.
ti. F. Darby, of Dublin, played in the correspondence tourney orgauhcJ
by Mr. Fnucr.
(SteinUt Gambit.)
wniTK (Mr. F.)
1. Ptn K 4th
2. g Kt to B 3rd
3. P to K B 4th
:o Q 4th
5. K to K 2nd
6 . K Kt to B 3rd
A move introduced by Mr.
_.(Mr. B.)
P to K 4th
Q Kt t« D 3rd
1* takes P
Q to K 6th (ch)
P to Q 4th
lain
•inpul«ory Adopt'"
i of Mr. Mac
i Hot A P
by rciaob.... -... ...... ..
reply of g to K 2nd icli'.
G. II to K Kt 6th
1 f ni irk had now played 0 to K 2nd.
Ill-lead of the text move. Wild
pirc-1 to leave the i»ei*ien truck
mine with Ptn K 6th, wind
fa rly glial game.
7. P takes P Castles
8 . QD takes P B taken
Itl dt might, we think. It"
check, here, with It *
9 . K takes B
10. 1* to K Kt 3rd
11. K to Kt 2nd
14. Bin K 3rd
15. R takes Kt P
10 . n takes R P
Perhaps an imprudent c»|*u
, with more effect.
g to K R 3rd
Kt tk*g Pich)
P to K It 4th
I* to K Kt 3rd
gto Kt 2nd
Ki to K 3r.l
1* to g B 4lh
then White's proper at
take* B.
29. K R to R 2n 1
30. K U to K 2nd
31. Q to K B 7th
32. It jo K 6th
well 1 * 01160 .
g to Q 2nd
P takes P
Q to g B SCI
ibuled in
32.
ie of the
31. g to K Kt 7tli
31. Kt to K B 3rd
36. g to g 4 th r
36. H to K 11 sq
The Pawn cannot, of
It to K B sq
P to Q 6th
B to B 5th
r to g 7th
without I os
36.
37. It to K B N|
M. g to K 4lh
39. Kttnke* P
40. Kt takes R
41. K to Kt so.
42. g to Kt 6th
The only move I
K R to It 4th
K K to R -Ith
B to g B 2nd
i maintain the hold.
17. B takes g Kt
17.
idmnpc. which odds t
18. Kt to K 4th
13. P to g B 4tll
20. Kt to g B 5ill
21. gto K B 3rd
22. g R U> K hi
23. P to g Kt 4lh
Threatening the deadly
P takes B
B to K 4th
P to K B 4th
Q K t4* K Kt sq
g to K K 2nd
B to g 3rd
P to K B 6th
) of Kt t.
ii. KtioK4th B to K 4th
25. P to K R 4th
^ A Itazanloii* looking rejoinder:^
26. B to K Kt 4tb
27. B takes Kt
*8. Kt to Kt All)
Kt to K B4th
K to Ktw|
g takes B
DkiQB 2nd
n to K B tM|
H to Kts4|
g to K B sq
B to g sq
g to B 2nd
B takes It
_ It to K *q
J. g to K 6th (eh) KtoRw,
60. g to Q 6th g to K B 3rd
61. P to K R 5th P to g H 3nl
52. P to K R 6th g to g R 6th
63. K to Kt 2nd g to K 8th
54. gto g 8th (eh) K to It 2u I
66 . g log 4tl» (eh)
All tho* ending is played on both sides
65.
.56. P to K It 7th
57. K takes I*
58. K to B 4lh
69. K to Kt 5th
K to R sq
g to K 7th (ch)
g to K 8th (eh)
g to B 8th (eh)
g to K Kt 7th
(ch)
R to Bnq
o K R sq.then 61. g
gto Ki Till (ch); 63. 6 to U41 h.Utakesg ■
61. Kt takes g. K take* g; do. K to II Ttu,
Efforts, which we hope to so > successful, are being made to arrange a
match between Lancashire and Yorkshire. The stimulus given to the
latter county by the Bradford Congress makes it probable that the break¬
down of the negotiations which happened last year will not be repentcJ on
this occasion.
A selection of game* played In tho Masters* Tournament of the llrndford
Congress has Just been Issued from the office of the UrWuli ('hr** Mwiazhir.
The value of the book entirely centres in the copious notes bv Mr W. If.
Pollock Rp|«nded to each game, many of them suggestive of the brtllinncv
so frequent in his piny. The work done here raise's him Into the verv front
rank of analysts, anil a study of It will be of the greatest service to everyone
who seeks to improve hi- own style of play.
A »w*w chess Hub has been started at lloniton, and meets at the Dolphin
Hotel every Friday evening; Mr* Sydney Mcymott is hnn. sec.
The City of London Club tournament l» now steadily progressing nt. tho
rate of a round per week. In the leading section Mr. Loman stands lirst
rlnsely followed by Messrs. Block and Rosa. Ill I ho second and third sec¬
tions tho leaders arv Mc?>ra. SUM. ScrraUUcr. Hemic 1L Smith. Couulaud
Jones, Nelson, Evans, oni Uirtcbuunn. *
THE BELLES-LETTRES.
In the volumes of agreeable autobiographical reminiscences
w hich Voltaire is pleased to call his“ Commentaire Historique,”
that admirable wit observes, with respect to his abortive effort
to study law, that his inclination for poetry was greatly
strengthened by his disgust at the mode in which jurisprudence
was taught in.the law schools; and he adds: “This alone
sufficed to turn me aside to the cultivation of the belt ex-let t rex."
Recalling this passage to my mind the other day, I could not
help lamenting the decay into which the btllex-lettrex have
fallen, the disrespect with which they are treated by a restless
and impatient generation, and the unhappy prominence given
to pnrsuits which have net the same sterling qualities of dis¬
tinction and excellence to recommend them. Yon may see men
of undoubted respectability taking to the study of history, and
cackling, like a hen over her first egg, if they find in the yellow
manuscripts of some spiteful foreign emissary a statement
which reflects on the virtue of Queen Bess, or if they unearth
the gratifying fact that their pet hero was born, let us say, on
a Monday morning, whereas all previous scribes had represented
him ns coming into the world on Monday evening ! And there
arc others who call themselves scientists, and compile elaborate
disquisitions on the ova of the sea-weed, or discourse on cycles
and epicycles and the equilibrium of worlds; but none, so fares
I can see, get any nearer than their ancesters got to a solution
of the two great mysteries of the “ Whence ’’ and tho
“ Whither.” And there are unhappy wights who make a study
of politics, of political economy, of the Sugar Bonnties, and
the irrepressible Irish Question, and grow red in the face over
tithes, rent-charges, ground-rents, perpetual pensions, and
similar affairs, going down to their graves before their time,
done to death by interminable talk and ponderous blncbooks.
There are others—deadly enemies to their species—who
concoct sensational or “realistic” novels, and give feeble¬
minded persons the shivers with lurid pictures of mnrder and
mystery in African deserts or Hansom cabs or railway trains ;
heaping horror upon horror, tb the giants of old heaped
relion upon Ossa, until the shuddering intellect reels, staggers,
and falls beneath the damnable burden that is pressed upon
it! Ob, my friends, what a relief to escape from all these
conspiracies against one's peace of mind,and to find a pleasant
and secure refuge in the blessed haven of the brllex-tt tt rex !
Wise in their day and place were onr ancestors—in the
eighteenth century, par rremplc — when, with abundant
leisure at their command, undisturbed by the iniquities of
psychological research or the worry of social problems, and
free from the incubus of the fiction of the shambles and the
dissecting-room, they sought the terrace i' the sunshine, or
the oriel that opened on Brown's latest creation in landscape-
gardening, crossed one well - shaped leg over the other,
smoothed down their ruffles, and abandoned themselves to the
fascination of old Montaigne’s shrewd gossip or Cowley's
scholarly reflections. They bod also—Incky men!—their
Tatlrrt and their Spectator*; the urbane humour of Fteelc,
and the refined suavity of Addison. I wonder, hy-tbe-wav,
whether the author of “ Sir Roger de Covirley ” is much read
noiv-a-days. Yet what a fascination there is in his easy
Btyle and his graceful way of putting things ! Y'our modern
essayist cannot affirm that two and two make fonr without a
preliminary flourish of fireworks. Like soda-water, indeed, all
the sparkle and effervescence are in his initial paragraphs—
the residuum is so flat and savourless as mortally to offend
tho palate. In the old bellex-leitn •* you meet with no such
tour* <!e force. There are no rockets—but, then, there are no
sticks. Look at Addison's delightful paper on the “ Uses to
which One can turn One's Enemies.” A writer of to day
would begin with erudite references to Corsican vendettas or
Japanese feuds, and fatigue the ingenuous reader at the outset
with his ingenious surprises ; but Addison starts with os
pleasant an amble as that of a well-trained palfrey “ I havo
been very often tempted to write invectives upon those who
have detracted from my works or spoken in derogation of my
person ; but I look upon it as a particular happiness that I
have always hindered my resentments from proceeding to this
extremity. I once had gone through half, but found so many
motions of humanity rising in me towards the persons whom
I had severely treated that I threw it into the fire without
finishing it." And so he goes on, in the same light and airy
fashion, leading yon easily up to the moral he wishes to im¬
press upon yon, while yon feel inexpressibly soothed by the
melodious flow of a stream so pellucid and so Bweet.
In the same mood, though with more glitter of antithesis
and pomp of imagery, wrote Hazlitt and De Quinccy ; and. in
our own time, though with greater incisivencss, Matthew
Arnold. I presume to recommend these humane critics to tho
intelligent person whose gorge rises at “ detective" stories.and
whose intellectual industry is not equal to the study of the
Cyclopaedia. For myself, J would rather read the critical
essays of a Jeffrey or a Macaulay, with all their alleged
“ want of insight,” than those of Tinto or Verdigris, with their
sham raptures, their egotistical rhetoric, and their insufferable-
air of superiority. Ye Gods ! how these men rat Milton on
the head, put Dryden through his paces, and sneer at the
author of “ ChildeHarold ” ! I prefer hx gram/* xeigttevrx of
literature, who behaved to each other—and to their readers—
with snch high-bred courtesy and so much old-world grace, to
the swashbucklers who think of nothing but thrnst and
parry, and count their imaginary victims like so many
Bobodils.
The great charm of the hellex-lettrex I take to be their
geniality, their sanity, their refinement. They refresh one
with their reasonable views of life, their blandly hnmorous
comments on men and things, their polite estimates of authors
and their hooks, their prevailing atmosphere of light and
sweetness. James Russell Lowell, in his delightful essays
“My Study Windows"; Holmes, in “The Antocrat of tho
Breakfast-table”; Helps, in “ Friends in Council ”; and Henry
Taylor, in his “ Notes From Life "—these excellent writers
perpetuate the best traditions of the bcllex-lcttrcx. Go back to
an earlier generation, and yon will find much that is happily in
accordance with their temper in Conversation Sharpe s “ Essays
in Prose and Verse." The elder Disraeli is now much de¬
rided by the orthodox historical inquirer, whose dread fnl
mission it is to “ reverse the verdicts of history ” ; lint
you may pass an hour by the winter fireside over the chatty
pages of his “ Cariosities of Literature,” and be none tlie worse
for it. Go further back still, and what better companionship
can you desire than my Lord Shaftesbury's “Characteristics'
I am speaking here of English writers only ; if I crossed tho
Channel. I should find in tho be! lex-let t rex an almost in-
cxhanstitrle field of survey. The sum of it all iB that, if yon
wish for n sound mind and a clear conscience—if yon would
enjoy the precions possession of tranquillity and contentment—
if yon would secure the love and confidence of your wife, your
children, and your mother-in-law—if yon would sleep the sleep
of innocence, nnvexed by grisly phantoms from the realms ot
tho Sensational —if yon would live as blameless a life ns
llomcr s Ethiopians or SirThomas Malory's “ King Arthur' —
you will shun the temptations with which designing publishers
snrround you, and give yourself up to the pure and whoUsome
pleasures of the belUs.UUnx,
NOV. 17, 188S
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
591
NEW BOOKS.
Reminiscences of J. L. Toole. Related by Himself, and Chron¬
icled by Joseph Hatton. Two vols. (Harst and Blackett).—
The eminent comedian, and generally sympathetic and agree¬
able actor, whose sayings and doings, public and private, arc
Boswellised by a knowing personal friend in these two
volumes, is an established popular favourite and a gentleman
deservedly enjoying high social esteem. There is no anecdote
here told of him that will at all diminish the regard in which
he has long been bold, not only as an ornament to the London
stage and an example of the respectability of his profession,
but as a worthy and amiable man. Yet we can hardly say
that much has been added by this book to the information
possessed by ordinary playgoers, and by those accustomed to
hear or read of current theatrical affairs daring the
past thirty years. Mr. Toole’s position as a dramatic
artist is to a certain degree unique and independent; it
lias been attained more by the individual impersonation
of new comic characters, which owed their original creation
as much to him as to the writers of the plays, than
by improving on the interpretation of old parts which had
gathered a traditional record of former performances. It is
different with such an actor as Mr. Irving, whose thoughtful
original renderings of Shakspcare cannot escape being im¬
plicitly compared with those of an imposing procession of
famous actors, and even being judged with reference to old
critical standards. The same remark might apply to comedians
of the old school, within the memory of this generation,
dealing with the still abiding conceptions of authors like
Goldsmith, Sheridan, and Colman. Whatever is good in modern
dramatic art is no doubt capable of being studied analytically
by some commentator with sufficient insight into the essentials,
motives, and complex workings of the infinitely diversified
play of feelings in human nature. The study of thes» in
comedy, and even in farce, may be as profound, and is certainly
as difficult, as in heroic or romantic tragedy : but our critical
literature has made little provision for it, and Mr. Hatton’s
undertaking is not so ambitious. He does not attempt to show
why or how Mr. Toole is a great actor in his own line of
characters; or in what special qualities Mr. Toole, on
the stage, differs from Mr. Buckstone or Mr. Charles Mathews
and several other comedians within oar remembrance. But he
draws the portrait of Mr. Toole, fairly and pleasantly, without
excessive gushing eulogy, as a clever, diligent, and sncc<ssful
member of the theatrical profession, who has borne his merited
success with discreet modesty, and whose genial temperament,
with his relish of harmless fun, makes him a delightful
companion. We hope that many successful meu in other
professions arc equally good fellows; and it is possible that
many whose business is not funny can amuse their private
acquaintance with jokes and droll little stories quite equal
to those reported of Mr. Toole. The practical jokes,
iudeed, though innocent and honest tricks of their kind,
were now and then performed at the expense of strangers
with a freedom scarcely permitted to merry gentlemen in
the ordinary walks of life: but Mr. Sothern was as bad as
Mr. Toole in slapping the back of an unknown old man dining
at a chop-house and calling him “George." This and several
other stories have already been printed in some English and
American papers, which Mr. Hatton explains ; but not a few
of his readers may agree with us ill wishing that they
had never been printed. It must, however, be allowed that,
professional actors, who undergo the severe mental strain of
artificially sustaining fictitious parts every working night of
their lives, are more in need than other men are of permission
to give vent to their natural high spirits in sudden out¬
bursts of queer demeanour,or in extemporised mystifications.
They are apparently, like sitters in a congregation in
sermon-time, or like people listening to a long trial in a
court of law. often disposal to laugh, iu spite of their sober
judgment, at the very smallest hints of the ludicrous ; for
roost of the jokes, outside the theatre, which are stated to
have caused such great divert-ion to Mr. Toole and his
comrades, would provoke but a feeble smile in common
conversation. Although Mr. Toole, in private life, breathes
the air of pleasantry, no comedian that ever enraptured
an audience can possibly be such a genuine humourist off
the stage, as he is in his artistic performance; nor can
any tragedian, at home or at liis club, be so grand and
sublime. It is, therefore, no wonder if Mr. Hatton's collec¬
tion of drolleries, which might be called Toolcries. be found
to contain much that is of an extremely mild -quality,
and that would scarcely l>e presented, apart from Mr. Toole's
memoirs, as select specimens of wit and humour. The
book is amusing, nevertheless, by its consistent exhibition
of a sprightly, kindly, and vivacious character, accompanied
by others, his equals or superiors in talent and in public
distinction, with whom he has always lived on terms of
cordial friendship. Mr. John Lawrence Toole, a son, ns
every Londoner is aware, of the late City Toastmaster,
was born iu March, 1832, in St. Mary Axe ; he began life
as clerk in a wine-merchant’s office, bub saw plays at the
Bast-End theatres, and joined an amateur dramatic club,
where he showed talents that won the notice of Mr. Charles
Dillon, and gained him an engagement at Dublin in
1852. lie was afterwards at the Edinburgh Theatre, under
Mr. Robert Wyudhain; but in September, 1856, came to
London and played at the Lyceum with Mr. Dilloti in
“Belphegor.” In 1851, he was engaged by Mr. Benjamin
Webster for the Adelphi, when W r right retired ; and Webster,
a great actor and great manager, probably contributed much
to perfect Toole as a dramatic artist. Paul Bedford, too, was
there, and Toole's frequent association with him must have
developed his genius for fun. One of his greatest original
successes was in the Caleb Plummer of the dramatised version
of Dickens’ “ Cricket on the Hearth,” produced at the Adelphi in
1862 ; it proved that Toole was not merely a comic actor, but
a genuine sympathetic humourist, thoroughly in the vein of
Dickens at his best. We have often wished that we had more
of Dickens adapted for the stage, with Toole for his congenial
interpreter. He was afterwards at the Queen’s Theatre, with
Mr. Alfred Wigan, the company including Mr. Henry Irving ;
and in 1861) went to the Gaiety, where he played with Phelps and
Charles Mathews. In Mr. H. J. Byron’s interesting domestic
drama, “ Dearer than Life,” Mr. Toole gave another proof of
his real power in the serions, natural, simple representation of
human feeling, in the part of Michael Garner. The half-
pathetic, half-comic part of the Cheap Jack in “ Uncle Dick's
Darling,” produced in 1861), was also written for him by Mr.
Byron ; but the inspiration was evidently that of Dickens.
Toole was born for this interesting and instructive line of
dramatic work, not for mere farcical effects, however clever
and successful he may be in them. He now rose to high dis¬
tinction ; and in 1874, on his going to America, received the
signal compliment of a public banquet, presided over by Lord
Rosebery, followed by another at Birmingham, with Mr.
George Dawson in the chair. The account of his later doings
is given in a discursive and incidental manner, in detached
fragments here and there scattered through the second volume,
in reports of talk between himself and Mr. Hatton during an
excursion to Jo rk and Whitby, intermixed with descriptions
of places, with reprints of speeches and newspaper articles, and
with various personal and social reminiscences : but the
regular playgoer who is attached to Mr. Toole can supply
the missing links. In 1879 the Folly Theatre, in King
William - street, Charing - cross, became Mr. Toole's honse,
which has been officially styled “Toole’s Theatre” since 1882.
Everybody knows it well: no one likes it better than his
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, who has occasionally
had Mr. Toole as his guest at Saudringham. 'Ibis
is a going concern, and we hope it will go on, with Mr. Toole
in full force, to the end of the nineteenth century. It is un¬
necessary here to dwell on the merits of the chief plays, “ A
Fool and his Money,” “ Not such a Fool .as he Looks,” “ The
Upper Crust,” “The Birthplace of Podgers,” *• Trying a
Magistrate,” the burlesque of “ Claudian,” “ The Butler,” and
“The Don,” with which Mr. Toole is identified. Mr. Hatton’s
minute inventory of the furniture and adornments of Mr.
Toole’s dressing-room at the theatre, and of his house some¬
where near Piccadilly, can be jet more easily dispensed with,
liis book is, nevertheless, rather entertaining ; and its contents
are so mixed that every reader who has ever cared for any
particular actor or actress in our times will find some cherished
“reminiscence ” awakened by its perusal. Macready. Phelps,
.Sheridan Knowles. Buckstonc. Mathews, Robson, Webster,
Iveeley, Wright. Paul Bedford, Fechtcr, G. V. Brooke, Sothern.
Irving. Miss Ellen Tcrrj\ Mrs. Kendal, and Mrs. Bancroft,
with others not forgotten, arc brought into these sketches of
the theatrical world. Their portraits ornament many pages,
and must always be pleasant for those to see to whom their
living faces were familiar on the stage, which has lost the
great majority of them, j-cars and years ago.
The second part of Mrs. Charles Iletley’s IS'atiec Flower* of
-Yen? Zealand (Sampson Low. Marston, ar.d Co.) folly sustains
the well-deserved credit obtained by the first part. In this
number the most attractive plants depicted are some of the rates
(Metrosideros). the handsomest of the climbing New Zealand
plants. The white ratt is confined to the northern part of
the North Island, where it is often seen clinging to the trunks
of the Kauri pine and other large forest trees. The shrubs
classified under the name of Senecio form an important family
in the New Zealand flora, and the flowers of some of the
varieties are extremely beautiful, especially that named after
Dr. Hector, and discovered by him in the province of Nelson.
The large proportion of white-flowered plants in New Zealand
cannot fail to attract attention, but it does not enter into the
scope of Mrs. Hetley’s catalogue to discuss the cansc. The
illustrations are in the best style of modern chromo-litho¬
graphy, and do honour to the printers and publishers.
THE POLYTECHNIC YOUNG MEN’S
CHRISTIAN INSTITUTE.
It is a long distance across London from east to west—from
Mile-End-road to Upper Itegent-street—and there are certain
obvious differences between that noble popular institution,
the People’s Palace,
the People’s College
the. Polytechnic Young
Women’s) Christian
essential objects are
equally deserving of
ngrneies yet estab-
personal iinprov
for many thousands
vast, city. London
which may also be called
of Arts and Sciences, and
Men’s (and Young
Institute ; but tbeir
the same, and they are
applause as the grandest
lished for social and
and healthy enjoyment
of the youth of this
contains a greater
ifif# p
WML m
O.V THE PARALLEL BARS.
nnraber, and a greater diversity of classes and characters,
than any other city in the world ever contained, of young
persons above the ordinary school age who are employed in
various ways, who have their free hoars of leisure, and whose
chief want has been that of opporthnities for the true
education which is combined with recreation of mind and
body—the only true education for adults, in general; system¬
atic exercises, both intellectual and physical; the pursuit of
knowledge, itself a great delight; the acquirement of skill,
which is even more delightful; and the comradeship, in study
and in sport, of their fellow-collegians, learning from the same
instructors, and playing in the same clubs. These secular
benefits, with the means of obtaining n higher culture and
more complete than seemed until lately within the range of
possibility for those not born to the advantages of fortune, are
now provided for adolescence, in the lower middle classes and
in the working classes, by perfectly organised institutions on a
magnificent scale, which are about to be multiplied in other
parts of London.
To provide technical and scientific instruction in the useful
arts, accompanied with actual workshop teaching and practice,
in harmony with ordinary trade customs of apprenticeship
and employment, is an object successfully combined with
advanced general education.
The Young Men's Christian Institutes, of which there are
many in London and its suburbs, have contributed greatly to
the general movement, and are. while professedly seeking to
associate brood religious principles with full self-culture and
innocent diversion, conducted in no spirit of bigotry, and cer¬
tainly in no ascetic spirit. They prove, in the most practical
manner, by actual performance, that Christianity, rightly
understood, ia oenaistent with every wholesome form of
social pleasure and with every personal predilection for any
kind of study or taste or mental exertion, and for any
bodily exercise, athletic or graceful, conducive to “ a sound
mind in a sound body.” These objects, without the
slightest pretension to impose a test of religious belief on its
members, are strenuously maintained by the great institution
in Regent-street. It owes its present prosperity to one bene¬
factor. Mr. Quintin Hogg, who has for years past been spending
on it not only very large sums of money, out of his own purse,
but also continuous labour, thought, and care, inspired solely
by seal for human welfare from the highest Christian motives.
This gentleman (we henceforth borrow an article from the
Timet of April 23 in the present year), the youngest son of the
late Sir James Weir Ilogg, once Chairman of the East India
Company, and brother of Lord Magheramorne, is the head of
a firm of merchants in Rood-lane, and for twenty-fonr yeais—•
in fact, ever since lie left Eton—he has devoted his days to Mb
business and almost every one of his evenings to work among
the boys and young men of London. At first ho started with a
ragged-school in the Drury-lane district, which, after a while,
was changed in toa working boys* home. In 1873 there was added
to this an institute founded “ for the purpose of endeavour¬
ing to withdraw elder boys from evil surroundings." It
was in Endell-streef. midway between Drury-lane and Seven
Dials, that this institute was first opened, and shortly after¬
words it was transferred to Long-acre, occnpying part of
the building formerly the Queen's 1 lieatre. Six or seven years
ago. the old Polytechnic Institution, associated in our memory
with recollections of the diving-bell and Professor Pepper,
ceased to exist, and the building came into the market.
Mr. Quintin Hogg came forward and bought it, paying for it,
and for the cost of enlarging it and fitting it up, over £00,000.
In its new quarters, it became a great social club for young
lads of the artisan class, a great institnte of technical
education, a day school for middle-class boys; and its advan¬
tages were extended this year by the addition of another
large honse a few doors off for the accommodation of young
women. Mr. Hogg not long ago took Merton Ilall, Wimbledon,
with about twenty-seven acres of land attached, and this
ground is now turned into one of the finest playgrounds
in England. Every Saturday afternoon in summer hundreds
of the lads are employed ill playing cricket or lawn tennis,
undone of Mr. Hogg’s principal lieutenants is Mr. J. E. K.
Studd, a cricketer of Cambridge fame. The success of the
Polytechnic Christian Institute has been astonishing. More
than 10,000 boys and young men have their names on its
books, and already the second house has 800 young women
upon its list, most of them the sisters or the friends of the
members of the institnte. The cost of maintenance amounts
to between £14.000 and £15,000 a year, the receipts from fees
to about £9000, and the deficit, which thus amounts to between
£5000 and £6000 a year, has been till now entirely met by
Mr. Quintin Hogg. He has, roughly speaking, spent £100.000
upon his scheme, and he cannot continue much longer to
meet the large deficit in the same way. His desire is to find
help which shall enable the institnte to be placed upon a
permanent footing. The Commissioners of City Charities have
undertaken to give the Polytechnic an endowment of £2500
a year on two conditions:—(1) That he should obtain a
long lease of his premises ; (2) that he should raise a sum
of £35,no0 by private subscriptions. The trustees of the
Portland estate have given Mr. Hogg a formal promise of
a ninety-nine years' lease. Mr. Hogg has already appealed
to various friends of his own, and has succeeded in raising
about £18.000. Mr. W. M. Campbell—Mr. Hogg's partner,
and a Governor of the Bank of England—has given £ 10.001);
Messrs. J. A. Denny and E. M. Denny, £1000 each: Mr.
Gurney Shepherd, £ 1000 ; and an anonymous friend, £2000.
There still remains, however, about £17.000 to be raised.
Mr. Ilogg feels constrained to appeal to the public to save
this flourishing and most useful institution.
The Polytechnic Institute is remarkable for the elaborate
system of technical instruction which is open to its members.
They are admitted on payment of a subscription of 3s. per
quarter, which entitles them to the free use of the library,
social rooms, and gymnasiums, and admission to all the
entertainments ; while for the technical classes small fees
5 have to be paid. The classes are of two kinds, science
and art classes, which are held in connexion with the
:; Department at South Kensington ; and industrial classes.
[> which are more or less related to the City and Guilds of
■ London Institute of Technical Instruction, and to the
London Trades Council. The industrial classes, again, are
subdivided into classes of mechanics and into “ practical
trade classes ” for apprentices and yonng workmen, and it
is these last which are the special feature of the institute.
Among them we find classes for various branebrs of
engineering, for cabinet-making and carpentry, including
such subordinate departments as the making of staircases
and hand-railing ; we find classes in wood and stone carving,
in tailor's cutting, in Bign-writing, and in practical watch
and clock making; classes in carriage-building, in
printing, in land surveying and levelling, in plumbing,
and in toolmaking, and many other trades. In all
these oases it is a condition that no one is to be admitted
who is not already engaged, say as an apprentice,
in the trade. In the engineering-room, where there is
machinery worked by a central gas-engine, a dozen
young men may be seen forming a screw, or adapting some
ronghly-east bolt to the required purpose, and the room
is full of iron lathes and other small moohines, every detail
of which has been made and finished on the spot by the
boys.
Ihe variety of other classes is very great, including English
grammar and literature, geography and history, arithmetic
and mathematics. Latin, Greek, French, and German, chemistry
and natural philosophy, and drawing. It should be stated
that the fees for the classes vary from 2s. fid. to 10s. fid. per
quarter to members of the institnte, non-members being
allowed to attend on payment of an increased fee. Mr. H. J.
Spooner lectures on geometry and machine-drawing, Mr. L. J.
Bntler on carriage-building, Mr. Andrew Clark. F.R.C.S., on
first aid to the injured, Mr. Ilasluck on elocution, Mr. Herr¬
mann on watch and clock making, Messrs. Horton and Wilson
on shorthand-writing, Mr. H. L. Ramsay on sign-writing, Mr.
George Scarman on upholstery, cutting, and draping, Messrs.
Charles Mitchell and Young on building construction.
Mr. H. W. Richards on brick-cutting ; and in the ladies’
department-, Mrs. Elliot Scrivener on dressmaking and dress-
entting. The results are shown by the success of the Polytechnic
pupils in the different technical examinations. The system
has been highly commended by the London Trades Council,
and hy two Royal Commissions of Inquiry.
The visitor to the Polytechnic, any weekday evening, will
find every room occupied by numbers of lads and young men,
from seventeen years old upwards, either harmlessly amusing
themselves or studying in class. There is a refreshment
and reading room, where Borne boys arc having tea or
sapper, some are reading the newspapers, some are play¬
ing chess or draughts. One great room in the summer
is a swimming-bath; in the other seasons of the year,
comfortably carpeted and arranged with chairs and
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 17, 1888.—592
TilK GYMNASIUM OK T1IK POLYTECHNIC CHRISTIAN' INSTITUTE, REGENT-STREET.
table*, it i* the chief reading-room. In another room
we find a debating society. In a hall where the chemical
lectures used to be delivered, and where now Mr. Hogg holds
his Snnday services and classes, a number of youths are going
through military drill. In the larger hall, the gymnastic
instructor is taking his class through their exercises. Nearly
a hundred lad* are there, most of them in flannels, and are
forgetting the workshop and the counter in the physical
delight of exercise. The gymnasium, in which our Artist
made his Sketches, is under the direction of Colour-Sergeant
Elliott,, late of the Scot* Guards. There are squad and mass
exercises every evening ; and instruction is given in single¬
stick, fencing, handling the dumb-bells and Indian club, and
the bar-bell, exercises on the horizontal bar, the parallel bars,
with the rings, on the trapeze, and in other ways. The girls’
gymnasium is open on Tuesdays and Thursdays to members of
the Yonng Women’s Branch of the institute," which is located
at 1.7, Langham-place, and is open every evening, except
Sunday. The Polytechnic swimming-bath is also reserved one
night in the week for the female members of the institute,
who have admission to the lectures, concerts, and entertain¬
ments, and the privilege of joining any of the classes at
greatly reduced fees, while many suitable classes are held for
young women only.
Among the various societies for young men connected with
the Polytechnic are the Debating Society or “ Parliament, the
Athletic Club at Merton, the Cycling Club, the ‘ Eamblere
for pedestrian excursions, the Harriers who meet at « niesue ,
the Company of Rifle Volunteers (4th Middlesex or West
London), the Volunteer Artillery Battery (No. 7 ot J 5 ,,y),
of London), the Medical Staff Corps, the Military .
Orchestral Society, the Choir and Choral Society, the Chess *
Draughts Club, the Sketching Club, the German boejety, toe
French Society, the Engineering Society, and the Electrics
Society, besides a Total Abstinence Society, and the Utfisuau
Workers' Union.”
mmio
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 17, 1888.
CLASS).
MUSICAL DRILL (Y<
DRILL POR LITTLE GIRL8.
THE GYMNASIUM OF THE POLYTECHNIC CHRISTIAN INSTITUTE: CLASSES FOR YOUNG WOMEN AND GIRLS.
NOY. 17, 1888
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
594 _
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
BUILDERS IN THE SAND.
Tho near approach of the winter season is heralded this
morning by the chill east wind and the thin ice which
coats the pools left by the receding tide a few hours gone by.
To-day we are strolling along a sandy flat of Scottish sea-
ooosr, not far removed from that engineering triumph, the
Forth Bridge itself. Pleasant memories of bygone days
revive in the mind when we approach the “ Shell-bed as
tho sandy stretch is termed. One constant feature of the beach
has won for it the familiar “Ferry” name. The sea-line at
high-water mark is always indicated by a clear, glistening line
of shells, whole and broken alike, torn from the sandy depths
below, and brought up by the play of the waves. I presume
the tides and currents of the bay cast up the shells on tho
beach and favour the formation of this unbroken and
uniform line of shell-debris. Beyond this high-water mark
j'ou come upon the sand-dunes of the coast. The tough grasses
which find a homo and habitation in the sand bind the loose
wind-blown particles together, and thus aid in the work of land-
making. The “ Shell-bed ” on the Firth of Forth reminds me
of a pleasant prospect in scenes far removed from this Scottish
estuary. Away in Devonshire, and stretching from Dawlish
towards Exeter, is such another sandy beach as that which lies
before us this winter morning. Only, the Devonshire coast
wants that background of pines that stands out so prominently
against tho light brown of tho sand. But for the funereal
setting of its firs and pines, and for the hills of Fife in
the foreground, the Dawlish prospect might be regarded
ns being closely imitated on these northern shores.
We descend from the shelly ridge towards the lower con¬
fines of the beach. In a moment or two, we find ourselves
amid the damp sand which, cut into
miniature valleys by the rills from the
land, betokens the recent ebb of the
sea. A8 we walk over the yielding
sand we see the burrows of the Sul eng.
or “ razor-shells,” whose cast-off pro¬
ducts litter the shore at the high-
water line. Your “razor-shell” is a
skilful barrower, and by means of his
fleshy foot contrives to mine swiftly
and effectively below the surface of
the sand, so that pursuit and capture,
save by means of the fisherman's iron
hook, is a sheer impossibility. As we
traverse the beach nearer still to the
sja, we notice the debris thrown out
by the worms, which, after airing
themselves amid the waves when the
tide is in. turn tail and tunnel down¬
wards. They are, in reality, living
tunnel-makers, for they pass the sand
through their bodies as they work
below, and hence you see the internal
casts of their digestive systems in the
familiar “ sand-worms,” or coils, which
litter the shore. These are the fairy
ropes ” of tho children. The old legend
of Michael Scott, wizard par excellence,
tells us how, having engaged the Evil
pig i. thiu;dell.v and its 9 no as a servant, he found it a condi-
tube. tion of his own safety to keep liis
diabolical servitor fully employed. Tho
proverbial mischief into which idle hands are said to fall,
was therefore averted by Michael the Wizard setting his
fiend to weave ropes out of tho sea-sand ; and the futile labours
of his Satanic Majesty, odds the legend, arc to be seen after
every receding tide.
There, in the distance, is a fisherman digging in the sand
for bait. When you look into his can you sec a wriggling mass
of green and brown worms, each with a big thickened head and
a narrower body. This is
the lobworm, dear to the
hearts of sea-fishers. Along
the sides of its body you
see the gills existing in the
shape of curious tufts,
which are really complex
loop* of blood - vessels,
wherein the impurities of
worm-organisation are got
l id of, and its blood puri¬
fied by exposure to the
oxygen of the sea. But
the “ lob ” is not an archi¬
tect in any sense. Scan
the sand around you. and
notice that, rising from
its smooth surface, your
eye can detect numberless
feathery-like tufts. You
borrow the fisherman’s
spade, and remove at one
operation half-a-dozen or
more of these tufts. Then
when you single them out
from among the mass with
your fingers you see that
each tuft is really the top
of a tube, and that inside
this tube dwells a worm-
tenant which is doing its
best to escape into tho
sand by the lower end of
its dwelling-place. This is the Te re bell a. a worm which
ranks among the most common of all the architects of
the sand. Look at the tube closely (Fig. 1). It9 composi¬
tion is varied enough. It consists of a series of odds
and ends in the way of particles, and the heterogeneous
materials of the tube account for the rugged appearance of
the structure. The balk of this worm’s house is built
of grains of sand, but you also note how it has
seized upon pieces of broken shells, and even minute pebbles
as building-stones. These materials are all duly glued
together by means of a natural marine cement, which resists
the action of the water, and defies the damp to disintegrate
the tenement of the Tercbella. The tuft at the top of the
tube, which is modelled in sand, is really the outer invest¬
ment or oovering of the gills and feelers which the head of
the worm bears. The gills are plume-like, and the feelers, or
tentacles, aot as purveyors in the commissariat department.
They sweep food-particles into the mouth, and possibly
filter from tho sea or sand around the matters neces-
pjmr for thi, 1 nutrition of the worm-frame.
But in our shovelful of sand there are worm-tubes of another
description. Yon now disinter a tube of smoother and more
regular aspect than those of the Terebella. This second tnbe
is composed of sand particles alone, cemented together to form
Asymmetrical structure.which impresses ns by contrast with
the rougher build of the Tcrebella’s dwelling-place. Tho
smooth tube (Fig. 2) is the abode of the SahVa, another
familiar worm-architect of our sandy shores. I know or
nothing more beantifnl than the plnme-hke gills of the
Sabella-worm. They spring from its head-extremity, to¬
gether with its feelers, in curved array and present us with
truly feathery sprays, wherein the blood of the animal courses
in closely-placed vital streams, to be exposed to the air con¬
tained in the native water of the worm. Extremely sensitive
are these gills and tentacles, ns you may demonstrate in the case
of yet another worm-architect. On this stone I have picked
up is a hard, dense tube of carbonate of lime, or, in plain
language, hard chalk. This is the Serpulas habitation. I
place the stone and.its tube in this rock pool. In a moment
you see the beautiful gill-plumes to be protruded from the
tube, and to wave backwards and forwards in the water. This
is the respiratory or breathing-play of these animals, and the
slightest touch sends the gills into tho tube. Worm sus¬
ceptibilities have been offended by the prying curiosity of
humanity, and a natural plug (which is merely a thick¬
ened tentacle) closes up the mouth of the Serpula - tube
until such time as its denizen, recovering from its fright,
once more spreads its gill-plumes abroad in the pellucid pool.
The worm-architects teach us a lesson in “ habit” as applied
to living nature. Each species adheres to its own way of life
and materials—the Terebella to its shells and particles ; the
Sabella to its sand alone : and the Scrpula to its limy invest¬
ment. There is “more than meets the eye” in these per¬
sistent and regular building-habits—more, perchance, than the
mind can explain as things are. But at least we may discover
that what we call “ habit ” in anything, is but a name for the
regular repetition of ways, tendencies, and methods, which, at
first of chance character, have become stereotyped to form
the fixed history of living things. Andrew Wilson.
WOODLAND HARVESTS.
Y»hen the cultivated produce of the earth has been garnered,
nnd the harvest in the general acceptation of the word is over,
man thinks but little, comparatively, of what is left to be
scattered to the four winds of heaven. The crops from field
and garden, orchard and vineyard, occupy so much of his
attention that he is too apt to disregard that aftermath, as it
were, of wild beauty and utility which often carries a distinct
souvenir of summer far into the autumn and early winter.
He is indifferent to the quality and quantity of the provender
which may be found by the furred and feathered denizens of
the countryside, and stored up so cunningly in their myriad
ingenious little homes. Except by the philosopher, the
naturalist, the artist, or kindred spirits, the later untended
products of hedgerow and coppice, breezy common amJ forest
glade, appear to be of little worth. Nor arc they, perhaps,
financially speaking ; but. happily, wc are"not nil financiers, in
the commercial sense, and the woodland harvests possess such
infinite charms, not only for the eye but for the heart,
that it i9 no wonder the autumn, bo it early or late,
always calls up a tender, sympathetic emotion in the
human mind. Few are wholly insensible to its influence; bnfc,
nevertheless, it claims scarcely more than a passing glance
from the majority, and perhaps a sigh for the departed glories
of long days and bright skies. Those, however, who know
how better to value Nature’s meanest gifts and beauties, find
interminable pleasure in what is set before them in the fall.
Not, of course, thet one underrates the importance of good
yields of com and root crops, for “out of nothing cometh
nothing,” and if the kindly fruits of the earth fail to appear
in due season in fair abundance, the whole nation suffers, from
high to low. When disastrous years in this respect occur we
feel how dependent life is upon tho outcome of man’s industry
o:i the soil. Albeit he does not live by bread alone, yet when
that is taken from him and, as it weio, ho has to subsist upon
the husks, he may bo excused for that deep anxiety in the
matter of harvest which now and then blinds him to the
attractions of tho gorgeous spectacle remaining in the fields
and woods when his principal work there for the time being
is finished. But, given an easy mind on the vital question,
and let his skill and farmcraffc but be answered by an average
reward, he should then be ready to welcome the woodland
harvests in a calm and appreciative moed.
Who, to wit. can behold the wealth of berry beauty decking
the coverts nnd the lanes in October without delight ? Prom°
inent among the rest, the rowan-trees are ablaze with colour,
and the clusters of tho little coral beads mingling with the
greenery as it pales and yellows, reddens or purples, make a
series of pictures which, -in Nature's gallery, claim and
receive posts of honour ; for. be it remembered, this is the
period for the annual exhibition of her artistic treasures. Her
show is second to none in merit: skilled alike in the execution
of the finest details and breadth of general effect, it dazzles
and entrances. Look again, for instance, at that study of the
wayward bramble fringing the pathway up the slope ! What
an example is it of graceful line in its carves and involutions !
There can be no fitter herbage for a wild foreground than the
tangled complications of the blackberry-bnsb, cither growing
alone or mingling with the russet fronds of the common
bracken. Its sprays and shoots carry the eye, without an
effort, through the intricacies of grass, and across the broken,
tufted, gravelly bank. How it wanders, at its own sweet will,
hither and thither ; and what a rich promise of sweet juices is
afforded by its fruit! The tones taken on by these pro¬
ductions from their tiny formation out of the pink and creamy
blossom up to their full maturity turn them into very jewels
as they sparkle in the sunlight amongst the variegated leafage.
It is a sort of casket and depository, a concentration of the
riches of this harvest, for assuredly no item in it is gathered
with greater zest.
The hips and haws may seem at first equally as worthy of
solicitude. Judged 1 fy their smooth, ruddy, and shining coats,
they might be thought to offer as succulent a flavour as the
blackberry ; but. save for the birds, we fear they must take a
second place, except in point of beauty. The contribution
granted by the wild rose to the woodland harvest makes up in
show what ir lacks in flavour, resembling in this many of
Pomona's highly cultivated gifts. Autumn is a grand artist,
a stupendous colourist, and tinges with her magic brush
all growths so cunningly, that experience alone dispels
the idea that everything in the shape of a berry must
be edible. Then, besides those succulent blackberries afore¬
said, there is more fruity produce from the wild orchard,
all of which belong legitimately to the woodland har¬
vest-time. There is the wild strawberry asserting itself
with the justifiable pride of its gar den-sheltered brother ;
the crab-apple, suggesting in many a sunny spot that
wo have been put back to the time of the white-heart
cherry; the sloe by the same token reminding as of a
crippled crop of late damsons; and since it seems impossible
altogether to exclude the thought that these good aud
pretty things are nice to eat, we pass on by a natural sequence
to the nuts, from the tiny wild hazel up to the graceful
fringed filbert-clusters on to the sumptuous walnut and chestnut.
The beauty of every one of these is undeniable, and, at least lo
youthful palates, unquestionable in the matter of taste. Bat
we are not here considering the grosser side of the feast; it is
rather the banquet for the eye and mind to dwell on that is
in our thoughts. Nor would ww particularise from tLo
botanist’s point of view each specimen of the berry tribe, for
their number is infinite, and no one much more lovely in
aspect than another, though not a few are deadly enough
in. their loveliness. The commonest and most conspicuous
often yield equal, if not greater, attractions, to the appre¬
ciative gaze than the curious and rare. As an example,
is it possible to conceive a more exquisitely perfect
natural untended growth than the acorn ? its design
absolutely seems to be without a flaw, and little wonder
is there that it should have inspired poets from time
immemorial with pretty fancies. Could fairies be provided
with a more deftly-chased specimen of sylvan art out of which
to quoff their draughts of morning dew than the acorn cap?
What chalice better suited to grace the festive gatherings of
Oberon and Titnnia's fairy trains' 'lhe delicacy of its
colouring, too, will vie with the workmanship of its chiselling
nnd embossments, 'ihat faint tinge of bronze, which partially
creeping across ils sunny-most side, seem9 to gild tie
prominent elevations of its repousse work whilst leaving the
silvery-greenish tones in the depths of its intricacies untouched,
makes it appear to be constructed of the richest ore. And
further, when we remember what mighty strength and
utility is symbolised in that smooth and polished egg-shaped
kernel, we do not envy the man who can stoop to gather a
ripened acorn from the ground among the fallen leaves with¬
out some thought of the treasure he is storing, a treasure ns
beautiful ns it is full of meaning. Inferior to this gem of the
w oodlands as is, of course, the Leech-mast, it must not be over¬
looked, and if not always a very conspicuous feature wriien
hangingonits parent bough, it nevertheless duly plnjs its
part in the harvest of the later autumn.
But it is the leafage after all—the sprays of fern and
bramble, the flags and manv-hued grasses, the quaintly-shaped
red-brown tendrils and twisting climbing plants, ivy, mistletoe,
what not—which go to the completion of this eye festival of
the woodlands. 'Ihe pretty fashion, fortunately, has spread
of adorning our rooms and tables with vases and flower--
stands filled with trailing and clnstering examples of w ild
growths of every description. The esthetic taste of the
time has led to the recognition that, at least for the
inhabitants of populous cities, the untended garden of Nature
may be drawn upon for decorative pnipcscs with even a
larger success than the formal lawn, fl< wer-Leds or borders,
conservatory or hot-house. Not that meadow, grove, or thicket
will compare exactly* in their flower-shows with the purely
horticultural displays of autumn : they will never, at any
season, perhaps, do this. Still, it is not that the stubble-(kid,
hedgerow, brake, and spinney are devoid of floral garniture
Plenty of wild flowers and blossoms here and there remain to
spangle and begem tho deepening or paling mellow of the
dying foliage : but Nature means their place in the galaxy of
beauty to be taken by their fruit, the berries ; for in the main
she has the happy artisiic knack of deepening all her tones
and shades of colour with the declining year, thus enrich¬
ing. step by step, her w hole aspect, even, as one may say. up to
her very death ; even until the first keen frost sweeps each
bough and twig clean of the last remnauts of its summer garb,
leaving naught but the—
Baro ruin’d choirs, where late the swoct birds sang.
W. W. F.
Sir Lowthian Bell, F.R.S., has been appointed vice-chairman
of the Organising Committee of the Imperial Institute in the
place of the late Sir John Rose.
The members of the Honourable Artillery Company have
decided to place themselves under the Volunteer Act. accepting
the assurance of the Prince of Wales that their ancient
privileges and precedence would be maintained.
Colonel the Hon. Paul Methuen, C.B., C.M.G., of the Scots
Guards, who commanded the Bechuanaland Field-Force in
188.’), has been selected for the post of Adjutant-General in
South Africa, under Lieutenant-General Smyth, in command
of the forces there.
The Queen has approved of the foliowring Colonial
appointments :—The Earl of Onslow to be Governor of New
Zealand, on the retirement of Lieutenant-General Sir W.
Jervois ; Sir Henry Arthur Blake. Governor of Newfoundland,
to be Governor of Queensland ; Sir Terence O’Brien, Governor
,of Heligoland, to be Governor of Newfoundland ; Mr. Arthur
Cecil Stuart Barkley, Chief Commissioner of the Seychelles
Islands, to be Governor of Heligoland ; Mr. William Frederick
Haynes Smith, Attorney-General of British Guiana, to be
Governor of the Leeward Islands.
At St. John’s College, Cambridge, William Nicholas Roso-
veare, B.A., Edward Hamilton Acton. B.A.. Frederick William
Hill, B.A., Thomas Darlington, B.A., and Henry Frederick
Baker, B.A.,have been elected into fellowship. Dr. Glaishcr,
Professor Thomson, and Dr. Gaskell have been elected repre¬
sentative members of the General Board of Studies for four
years, from Jan. 1,1880.—The Right Rev. William Stubbs, D.D.,
Bishop Designate of Oxford, baa been elected to an honorary
fellowship in Oriel College. Mr. William Paton Ker. M.A., of
All Souls', has been elected to a fellowship in that college.
At the Brompton Hospital, the first entertainment of the
twenty-second annual season took place on Nov. f>, under tho
direction of Mdlle. Alice Roselli. An excellent programme of
ransic and recitations was provided and well carried out by
Mdlle. Alice Roselli, Miss Blanche Remvick, Madame Isabel
Fassett, Mr. William Nicboll. Mr. Bavett, Mr. Gilbert Camp¬
bell, Mr. Meade, Miss Bessie Byrne, Miss Mary Carmichael, and
Mr. Lazarus, with Mr. Henry Bird ns accompanist. There were
many encores most kindly acceded to, but we have only space
to mention the charming duo “ When daisies pied,” by Mdlle.
Alice Roselli and Mr. Lazarus, and “I'm a Roamer.” by Mr.
Gilbert Campbell.
The French Minister of Marine and the Colonies has
issued a statement showing the actual condition of the French
colonies. The total area of these colonies (Algeria and Tunis
not being included) is given at 2,000,000 square kilometres,
and the population 22,000,000, not including the Congo
region. As to the commercial relations of these colonies with
the mother country, Martinique and Guadeloupe are those
which do the most business. Each of tbcm sends 17,000,000
francs'-worth of merchandise to France. French India comes
next with l«,000,000f. ; then follow St. Pierre and Miquelon
with 15,000,000, mostly cod and cod-liver oil; Senegal, 14.000,000;
Reunion, 10,000,000 ; Guiana, 5 000,000 ; and all the other colo¬
nies about 8,000,000. Algeria and Tunis are not included in this ;
if their exports to France are added they would bring the total
up to 100,000,000f. If, besides, the exports of French colonies
to other countries be taken account of, it would bring the
total value of French colonial exports np to a sum of
227,000,OOOf. A notlier 200,000,000f. represent the total import b
of the French colonie3, so that the entire trade of the French
colonial empire amounts to about 18.000.000 sterling, just
about equal to the value of the trade between Great Britain
and Canada.
TOE PLUME-LIKE GILLS.
NOV 17, 18SS
TEE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
595
“tjy a thorough knowledge of the natural laws which govern the operations of digestion
-L) and nutrition, and by a careful application of the fine properties of well-selected Cocoa,
Mr. Epps has provided our breakfast tables with a delicately-flavoured beverage which may save
us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the judicious use of such articles of diet that
GRATEFUL,
COMFORTING
COCOA
a constitution may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist every tendency to disease.
Hundreds of subtle maladies are floating around us ready to attack wherever there is a weak
point. We may escape many a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure blood
and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service Gazette.
TUB NBW SCR KW Bl
W*tch with*mt increruiin
Bimploat, aud w<wi
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A VERY LARGE SELECTION of PRETTY
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O UR SPECIAL “ Good-Wearing ” MAKES of
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LIVENING and DINNER DRESSES. A superior
fn"f *”o io U,,< ineaI ar,ttJ ’ 4,1 very ,u 'denito in price, varying
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beautiful variety of New Designs from ]) to o guineas.
gEAUTIFUL FRENCH MILLINERY, entirely
I JETER ROBINSON, the COURT and GENERAL
A Momcjisii wa nKiroiMK,
mm
SMBROCATIONB
) wine, in All-Wool.
or Mack Dunuuriifl
>, warranted faet dye,
DRESS MATERIALS, I
for all Season) and all I
Climates,
from 6d. to 2s. UM. per yard.
CALICOES.
LIKENS.
SHEETINGS.
FLANNELS.
Pattern* Fret.
D. NICHOLSON l CO.,
I DCTCD DADIMCAM 1 mourning warehouse,
. !r C. I Qrv rxvDIliOvIs I regent-street, London.
“r*cd In my stables, with tho most wvtbsfr.ctory
rcsiilto.” Charles W. Baggk,
Master of Duhallon Hounds.
ELLIMAN’S ROYAL EMBROCATION.
Sold by Chemists nnd Saddler*. Price s*.,2s. M.,Sa. «d.
Pn p^ed only by ELLIMAN, 80M8, A CO., Sl ough, Enfr.
EllimanTs Universal Embrocation.
Rheumatism.
Lumbaco. .
| i Sprains.
REDFERN,
; W If AD IE S* TAILOR
* . To H.R.H. The Princess of Wales.
WmMr V ._ ___ __
WINTER SEASON.
GOWNS,
50 to £4, ST. PAUL'S-CHURCHYARB, LONDON.
& R03IN30U l CLEAVER'S LINEN
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
OOLLA ns : Ladies’ >.fold. from 3«. tt-l. i cr
CUFFS : For I Julies, Gentlemen, • am.
Children, from &». lie. per dux.
Price-Lists anti Samples, post-free.
ROBINSON & CLEAVER, BELFAST.
COATS.
MANTLES,
WRAPS,
Mown. RKDFF.RX are now exhibiting in their largo Now Show-Rooms in Cornlnlt-street nnd Bond-street a
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26 and 27, CONDUIT-STREET, |
Communicating with LONDON W
27, NEW BOND-STREET, ) f
co-WES, PARIS, EIW VC El, and 57, CROSS-STREET, MANCHESTER.
Patternt of X avert Materialt and Latent Slutchei poit-frce.
WmA
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Stiffness £/12
Prepared only by EWMAN.SONS*C° Sloug[
696
THE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS nov. 17 , im
WILLS AND DEQUESTS.
The will (dated March 5, 1886) of Mr. Alfred Backhouse. J.P.,
late of Pilmore Hall, Darlington, and Dryderdnle, Wolsing-
Irwn, who died on Sept. 2. was proved on Oct. 24 by Edmund
Backhouse, Edward Backhouse Mounsey, and James Edward
Backhouse, the executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £370,000. The testator bequeaths
£5000, the nse, for life, of his household furniture and effects,
and an annuity of £8000 to his wife. Mrs. Rachel Backhouse ;
£.'*000 each to Thomas Edward Mounsey, Ada Mounsey, Eliza¬
beth Mounscv. and John Wilfred Monnsey ; £ 1000 to each
executor ; £ fo00 each to the British and Foreign Bible Society
and the Darlington Hospital and Dispensary ; an annuity of
£ 150 to his brother-in-law, William Mounsey ; and £20,000 to
his nephew Edward Backhouse Mounsey—but this sum is not
to be paid till after the death of testator’s wife. He gives,
devises, and bequeaths all his colliery property, as to one half
thereof, to his nephews and nieces. Thomas William Back¬
house, John Edward Backhouse. Arthur Backhouse,and Mary
Agnes Backhouse; and as to the other half thereof, to his
nephews and nieces, Edward Backhouse Mounsey, John Wilfred
Mounsey, Lucy Elizabeth Mounsey, Anna P. Monnsey, and
Mary Emma Mounsey ; certain freehold, leasehold, and copy-
hold lands and premises in the counties of Durham and York,
to his wife, for life, and then to his nephew James Edward
Backhouse ; and other real estate in the said counties to his
nephew Edward Backhouse Mounsey. The residue of his real
and personal estate he leaves, as to one moiety thereof, between
Thomas William Backhouse, John Edward Backhouse. Arthur
Backhouse, and Mary Agnes Backhouse ; and the remaining
moiety between Edward Backhouse Mounsey, John Wilfred
Mounsey. Lucy Elizabeth Mounsey, Anna P. Mounsey, and
Mary Emma Mounsey.
The will (dated March 22, 1888) of the Hon. Mrs. Mary
Byron, wife of the Hon. and Rev. William Byron, late of
No. 17, Portland-place, who died on Oct. 2, was proved on
Nov. 6 by the Hon. and Rev. Augustus Byron, Edward Thorn¬
ton, and John Watson, the executors, the value of the personal
estate amounting to upwards of £126,000. The testatrix, after
reciting sundry indentures of settlement, devises all her lands
and premises in Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire upon trust for
her sister. Anne Adelaide Burnside, for life, and then to her
stepson, George Anson Byron ; and all premises at Radcliffe-
on-Trcnt, and all property comprised in the second “ Realty
Settlement” to her sister, absolutely. She bequeaths £47,000,
with the option of an annuity of £2000 in the place thereof,
to her husband ; £3000, upon trust, for her nephew, William
Elliott Burnside; £200 per annum during the life of her
husband, and at his death £10,000, to the trustees of the
settlement of her stepdaughter, Edith Mary Noel ; and other
legacies. The residue of her property she leaves to her said
sister, Anne Adelaide Burnside.
The will (dated Nov. 11, 1887), with a codicil (dated May 3,
1888), of Mr. John Edward Bartlett, D.L., J.P., late of Peverel
Court, Stone, Aylesbury, who died on Aug. 1. at Buxton, was
proved in the District Registry of Oxford, on Sept. 26, by Mj-s.
Sarah Emily Bartlett, the widow, Frederick Napier, the Rev.
John Llewellyn Roberts, and Henry Hearn, the executors, the
value of the personal estate exceeding £102,000. 'The testator
gives the Kirkland Family Plate ” and certain jewels to his
daughter, Sybilla Mackenzie Kirkland Bartlett; £600, all his
furniture, plate, pictures, Ac., and Peverel Court to his wife,
Mrs. Sarah Emily Bartlett; £100 to each executor; £10,000
each to his song Edward Noel Napier Bartlett, John Francis,
Charles Frederick, and Alfred James ; £9000 each to his
daughters Lilian Emily and Florence Mary ; £6000 to his
daughter Sybilla, and also all the money and securities stand¬
ing to the account of the “ John Edward Bartlett Trust Fund ”
at the Aylesbury Branch of the Bucks and Oxon Bank ; but
one half only of these sums is to be paid during the life of
his wife. He devises the advowson of Spratton, Northampton,
to his son Edward ; also certain lands and hereditaments in
Buckinghamshire between him and his sons John and Alfred ;
and all his lands in the county of Salop to his son Charles.
The residue of his property he leaves, upon trust, to pay such
a sum as will, with the income of certain property which his
wife is entitled to for life, make up £2000 per annum ; and
the ultimate residue to his wife absolutely.
The will (dated Dec. 14, 1863), with a codicil (dated
April 27, 1868). of Mr. John Newman, D.L., J.P., late of
Brand's House, Hughenden, Buckinghamshire, who died on
Aug. 17, was proved on Oct. 13, in the District Registry at
Oxford, by Henry Williams and Samuel Newman, the son, the
executors' the value of the personal estate being sworn to
exceed £101,000. The testator leaves all his property, both
real and personal, unto his five children, Samuel, Frederick,
William Henry, Mrs. Mary Anne D’Arcy, and Mrs. Elizabeth
Williams, in equal shares, as tenants in common ; but any
sums advanced to them in his lifetime are to be brought into
hotchpot.
The will (dated Nov. 13, 1885) of Mr. Robert Crossley, late
of Arden House, Halifax, Yorkshire, who died on Sept. 20, was
proved on Nov. 2 by James Nicholl and John Leach, the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £26,000.
The testator bequeaths £500 to his grandson, Robert Wallis
Crossley ; certain shares in coal mines to his daughter-in-law,
Mary Alice Crossley, and to Robert Wallis Crosslej': £25 to each
executor; and other legacies. The residue of bia property
he leaves, upon trust, to pay the jointure mentioned in his
marriage settlement to his wife, and the residue of the income
to his three daughters, Sarah Jane Crossley, Mrs. Lois Wainman,
and Mrs. Martha Elizabeth Kirk by, or the survivor of them ;
and upon the death of the survivor of them, as to the capital
as well as the income, as the survivor shall appoint, with the
exception of certain premises in Waterhonse-street and Crossley-
street, Halifax, which he gives to his said grandson, Robert
Wallis Crossley.
The will (dated Oct. 23, 1876), with three codicils (dated
March 10, 1878; Jan. 12 and Sept. 26, 1886), of Ernest Louis
Henri Hyacinthe Arrighi De Casanova, Due de Padoue, an
ex-Minister of the late Imperial Government, late of No. 16,
Place des Etats-Unis, Paris, and of Corsica, who died on March 28
last, was proved on Nov. 2 by Marie Marguerite Adela Burat,
Duchesse de Padoue, the lawful widow, the value of the
personal estate in England exceeding £24,000. The testator
states that, Providence having refused him a son, he desires
expressly that his title should be transmitted to his grandson,
Ernest De Caraman, to whom he gives, by way of preciput
and extra portion, all his property in Corsica, 30,000f. in the
even t of the title being revived in his favour, nnd all his souvenirs
of the Imperial family ; and he desires him to carry on the
traditions of the family, and to remain the protector of his
relatives, especially those with the name of Arrighi De
Casanova. He bequeaths an annuity of 25,000f. to his wife,
for life or widowhood, but in the event of her marrying again
she is only to receive the sum secured to her by her marriage
settlement; BO.OOOf. to Captain Ernest Arrighi De Casanova ;
lO.OOOf. to Joseph Arrighi De Casanova ; 10,000f. to Pierre
Ernest Guelfucci; I0,000f. each to his grandson and grand¬
daughter, Charles aud Elizabeth De Caraman, and legacies to
his servants. The testator does not name any executor or
residuary legatee.
The will (dated Sept. 11, 1885) of Mr. Arthur Ditchfield,
late of No. 12, Taviton-street, G-ordon-square, who died on
Sept. 14, was proved on Nov. 5 by John Lewis Roget, the sole
executor, the value of the personal estate exceeding £23,000.
The testator bequeaths his etchings after Charles Jacque and
his lithographs by French artists to the trustees of the British
Museum, for the benefit of the nation ; and certain of his oil
and water-colour paintings by celebrated artists to the trustees
of the National Collection at the South Kensington Museum.
He gives £1000 each to the Artists’ Orphan Fund and the
Artists’ General Benevolent Institution, and specific gifts aud
annuities to relatives. The residue of his property he leaves to
his sister, Mrs. Frances Roget.
The will (dated May 1, 1886) pf Mrs. Emily Cnno, formerly
of No. 25, East Cliff, Dover, but late of No. 6, Dalberg-road,
Brixton, who died on Sept. 27, was proved on Nov. 1 by the
Hon. John William Mansfield and Charles Thomas Arnold, the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £17,000.
Subject to a gift of £ 100 to the Hon. Mr. Mansfield, the testatrix
leaves all her property to Henry Mansfield Cuno, her adopted son.
The will (dated June 24, 1886) of General Morden Carthevv,
C.B., late of Denton Lodge, Harleston, Norfolk, who died on
Sept. 4, was proved on Oct. 23, at the District Registry,
Norwich, by Mrs. Mary Carthew, the widow, and Morden
Carthew-Yorstoun, the son, the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £9000. The testator gives £200
and all his household furniture to his wife ; and legacies to
servants. The residue of his property he leaves, upon trust,
for his wife, for life, and on her decease as to £1000, upon
trust, for his daughter Mrs. Emily Jane Dashwood ; the in¬
come of £2000 to his daughter Mary till she marries, and then
she is to receive £10 00; £2000 to his son Ewart; and the
ultimate residue between his daughters, Mrs. Jemima Fanny
Ruton and Mrs. Rigg, and hie daughter-in-law, Mrs. Matilda
Carthew.
Mr. Thomas Lewis, Principal Clerk of the Pay Office,
Supreme Court, has been appointed Deputy-Assistant Pay¬
master-General for Supreme Court business, in place of the
late Mr. G. E. Skinner.
At a meeting of the Royal National Life-Boat Institution,
held on Thursday, Nov. 8, its silver medal and a copy of the
vote, inscribed on vellum, were voted to Mr. J. O. Williams,
honorary secretary of the Holyhead branch, in acknowledge¬
ment of his valuable services for many years in the New
Brighton, Milford, and Fishguard life-boats, in addition to
assisting in other ways to save life from shipwreck. Rewards
amounting to £240 were granted to the crews of life-boats
belonging to the institution, and those of shore-boats for
saving life from shipwrecks on our coasts. Payments amount¬
ing to £1404 were made on the 293 life-boat establishments of
the institution. Among the contributions recently received
were £4 17s. 9d., proceeds of the sale of a newspaper on board
the R.M.S. Coptic, per Mr. W. J. Rae ; £2 10s. 6d., offertory
after Harvest Festival at West London School, Ashford, per
the Rev. Hugh J. Flynn, D.D., Chaplain ; and 15s., proceeds of
a concert given by the boys and girls of the National School,
Leigh, Reigate, per Mr. J. R. Goodchild, head-master. Reports
were read from the district inspectors of life-boats on their
recent visits to life-boat stations.
MAPPIN & WEBB’S ”=r PRESENTS.
Electro-Silver on Nickel Breakfast Diah,
verts into 8 tlislica by uimply removing thermr
Solid Silt
Beat EU-i
Knives i
Tw.1 Sf.Tl.mr silv.r Kscalloy BvtterBhelU nnd Knives ‘omMch.
in Morocco Ctue, £i 15s. One Shell and Knife in Case, £t M*
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE POST-FREE
TO ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD.
Fluted Solid Silver Table
Lamp, on marble plinth,
height, lain., £« 8a.
4 Dot” Muffineer,
Electro-Silver,
2 s.
Sterling Silver,
10 s. 6d.
MJLPPIN and Wkbb’s Fitted Plate Chests.
8 PECIAL LISTS AND ESTIMATES F£EE.
Two paire Stag-Handle Carvers
Cut-G.ass Inkstand, Solid Silver
Mounts and Pen Bests,
richly chased.
Marble Bnso • ■ •• ®
Onyx Ease .. • • 6 15 0
Regd. Scuttle Sugar Basin
Solid Silver J
Best Electro ..£1 *
Electro-Silver Sugar Bowl and
Sifter, 18a.
Y.v. Any '«!' I aiKJ
158. OXFORD-ST., LONDON, W.
"IT . M10.. ~
Factories and Show-Rooms! 34, King-sL, Covent-gard.n,
Full-SUeAn^uoFlntodTe.^,
8MrlInK Silver ■■
18, POULTRY. LONDON, E.C.
NOV. 17, 1SSS
597
FOREIGN RUGS AND CARPETS
Of every Description, and in all Sizes, imported in Large Quantities by
TRELOAR St. SONS, 68, 69, Si, 70, Ludgate Hill, London, E.C.
KURDESTAN CARPETS. 21s. eacli; about 3 yards long, 5 ft. wide.
KURD RUGS, 6s. 6d. each.
flr - The Silent Member,” seepage 60S, InMtute 0/Painter, M OiU, page 600.
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
STREETER & CO., Goldsmiths,
IMPORTERS OF PRECIOUS STONES, PEARLS, AND GEMS,
E W BOND-STREET, LONDO 3\T, W.
THE ONLY JEWELLERS WHOSE STOCK CONSISTS OF ONE UNIFORM QUALITY OF GOLD-VIZ. 18 -CARAT.
STREETERS’
DIAMOND ORNAMENTS,
, Y w 1
From 10 Guineas to 10,000 Guineas,
Cannot be surpassed for elegance of design, j, |
quality of workmanship, and perfect setting.
They are all London made, and the
Brilliants are white and properly cut. 'C
STREETERS’
RUBIES and SAPPHIRES,
Direct from the Burmah Mines, thus
enabling the Public to buy these Stones
at first hand.
PEARLS
PEARLS
~Of the finest quality direct from their own
Pearling Fleet.
WORKS BY “PRECIOUS STONES AND GEMS.” “GREAT DIAMONDS OP THE WORLD.” I “PEARLS AND PEARLING LIFE.”
Illustrated. 4th Edition. 2nd Edition. Illustrated. Just Out.
r. Edwin W, Streeter, f.r.g.s., m.a.i. n „th, i,.— 2 n, I noth, i 2s . W f, 2 , 8 .
i
NOV. 17, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NE“\
THE SILENT MEMBER.
The eloquent Home Rule advocacy of Mr. Gladstone at Birming¬
ham has made no impression upon the Prime Minister or
the Marquis of Hartington, whoso firm alliance in support of
Liberal Unionist principles and the present Unionist Govern¬
ment has been cemented by frequent interviews and by their
appearance together at the noteworthy Nonconformist banquet
given in their honour as joint Leaders of the Conservative
and Liberal Unionist party. Lord Salisbury has mean¬
time found legislative business slack in the House of
Lords. A Tuesday's sitting has sufficed the Lords each week.
As an instance of'the ease with which ticklish questions may
be dealt with when a Conservative Ministry is in power, it
mav be mentioned that the Oaths Bill, fostered by Earl
Spencer on the Thirteenth of November, was read a second
time without opposition from the Government bench.
The Home Secretary was the chief Ministerial actor in the
House of Commons on the Twelfth of November. There is in
the Parliamentary manner of Mr. Henry Matthews, as he
approaches the table with the studied grace of a ;c»«o
premier not in his first youth, and employs action and
gestures which might have been taught by the late Mr.
John Ryder, of histrionic fame, something that suggests
experience in amateur theatricals. The right hon. genUe-
man certainly had a dramatio point to make at the
sitting in question, lie announced the resignation by Sir
Charles IVarren of the arduous post of Chief Commis¬
sioner of Police ; the resignation of the gallant officer being
directlv due. as the Home Secretary stated the following day,
to the ’official remonstrance addressed to him on the publica¬
tion of the article on police administration ta Murray>
Maijit:i/ir. A duly qualified civilian would be the fittest
successor of Sir Charles Warren.
Mr. Gladstone's reappearance as Leader of the Opposition
on the Thirteenth of November was the signal for the
customary salvo of cheers from the Home Rulers. There
was a lively discussion on Mr. Jennings's motion for a reduc¬
tion of £500 in the vote of £153.315 for the Supreme
Court of Judicature. The complaint is at the Royal
Courts of Justice that the staff is undermanned. But,
in his zeal for economy in national expenditure, Jlr.
Jennings laboured to show that the utmost extravagance
existed and that sinecures abounded. Lord Randolph Churchill
(who thinks “ lawyers are paid live or six times as pinch for
their services as laymen ’’) vigorously supported his hench¬
man With good reason did the noble Lord animadvert on
the absence of the great majority of members whilst important
votes were under consideration, and he warmly inveighed against
what he alleged to be the extravagant expenditure described
by the hon. member for Stockport. Mr. Labonchere spoke
to the same effect. Sir Richard Webster and Mr. VV. H. Smith
lifted their voices in favour of the existing state of things, as
is the invariable custom of Ministers on such occasions, which¬
ever Party happens to be in power. But the vote was only
saved by a majority of nineteen—148 against 129 votes—Mr.
Gladstone and most of the Opposition voting with Mr. Jennings.
The Tory - Democratic group of members (of whom Lord
Randolph Churchill is chief) will undoubtedly strengthen
their position in the country by this resolute advocacy of
public economy. _
BIRTH.
On Nov 8 the wifo o( Patrick Henderson, her Majesty's Consul at Cadiz,
daughter. DEATH .
On Oct. 31, at her residence,«. Barklmm-tormce, Ann Hewett, aged 86,
widow of the late Captain H’llllom Hewett, R.N.
•-» The charge for the insertion of Births, Sfarrtages, and Deaths,
is Ft re Shillings.
THE COURT.
Divine service was performed at Balmoral Castle on Sunday
morning, Nov. 11, in the presence of the Queen, Princess
Beatrice, and the Royal household. Her Majesty, who is in
good health, has taken walks and drives nearly every day. It
has been officially annonneed that the Court is to arrive at
Windsor on the morning of Friday, Nov. 16.
Nov. 9 was the forty-seventh anniversary of the Prince of
Wales's birthday, and the event was commemorated at Sand¬
ringham by a dinner to the labourers and artisans and by a
ball in the evening. The Prince and Princess, accompanied by
Prince Albert Victor and the three Princesses, were present at
Divine service on Sunday morning. Nov. 11, at the church of
St. Mary Magdalene, in the park, the ladies and gentlemen of
the household being in attendance. The Prince left Sandring¬
ham on the 12th by special train for Derby. He has been the
guest of Lord and Lady Hindlip, and daring the Derby races
was present at them each day. The Princess, accompanied by
Prince Albert Victor, left Charing-cross Station for Dover in the
evening en route for Copenhagen, to be present at the twenty-
fifth anniversary of the accession to the throne of her father,
the King of Denmark _
Madrid has been much agitated by large bodies of students
and workmen making hostile demonstrations against Sefior
Canovas.
The new Canadian Ecclesiastical College, in Rome, was
inaugurated on Nov. 11 by a splendid fete and a banquet, at
which the Cardinal-Vicar presided.
At the Hotel Mont Dote, Bournemouth, a new wing, a
winter garden, and an extensive covered lawn-tennis court,
have been opened in connection with the hotel. The cost of
these elaborate additions is from £20,000 to £30,000.
I have found it
matchless for the ^
hands and complexion \
9>
Since using Pears’
^ Soap i have discarded
all others.
— toe,. •« -
For preserving the Complexion, keeping the skin soft, free from
redness and roughness, and the hands in nice condition, it is the
finest Soap in the world. (7 O a
Good Complexion!
and Nice Hands!
N OTHING adds so much to personal attractions as a bright, cleai
complexion, and a soft skin. Without them the handsomest and
most regular features are but coldly impressive, whilst with them the
plainest become attractive; and yet there is no advantage so easily secured
The regular use of a properly prepared Soap is one of the chief means; bui
the Public have not the requisite knowledge of the manufacture of Soap to
guide them to a proper selection, so a pretty box, a pretty colour, or an
agreeable perfume too frequently outweighs the more important consideration,
viz. : the Composition of the Soap itself and thus many a good complexion
is spoiled which would be enhanced by proper care.
A most Eminent Authority on the Skin,
Professor Sir Erasmus UJilson, RRS.»
Writes in the Journal of Cutaneous Medicine:—
“rpHE use of a good Soap Is certainly calculated to preserve the Skin In
A “health, to maintain its complexion and tons, and prevent its falling
“ into wrinkles. PEARS is a name engraven on the memory of the
“ oldest inhabitant; and PEARS' Transparent SOAP is an article of the
" nicest and most careful manufacture, and one of the most refreshing
“ and agreeable of balms for the Skin.”
T O persons whose skin is delicate or sensitive to changes in the weather,
winter or summer, PEARS* TRANSPARENT SOAP is invaluable,
as, on account of its emollient, non-irritant character. Redness, Roughness
and Chopping are prevented, and a dear appearance and soft velvety condition
maintained, and a good, healthful and attractive complexion ensured. Its agree¬
able and lasting perfume, beautiful appearance, and soothing properties,
commend it as the greatest luxury and most elegant adjunct to the toilet
Testimonial from
Uladame Adelina Patti.
“ J HAVE found PEARS' SOAP matchless for the Hands and Complexion.”
PEARS’ f tablets & balls: \ PEARS’
Transparent^ ls>each - Lar s er Sizes > ls - 6d - and 2s - 6d - \Transparent
n n « n j (The 2s. 6d. Tablet Is perfumed with Otto of Roses.) I CAjtT)
bUAr i v A smaller Tablet (unscented) is sold at 6d. J OUnli
Simula Irj rOIIU'S Bl'ltKKA, >»■, 41*. tatf-do ren.
UHIRTS. FORD'S EUREKA SHIRTS.
O S|vt‘cinl to Menaurr.
Illustrated 8elf-nie*«i>ro post-free.
n. roll II and CO., 'll. Poultry, London.
QHIRT 8.—FORD’8 EUKEK A DRESS
KJ SHIRTS.
Sixteen different sue*. In the Pincjt Linen.
ta ad., 7 *. ed., vs. o.i.
SHIRTS.—FORD'S NEW RIBBED PIQUE
In Si*teen Site*. S-. «ri . «<. *1. each.
Kucti in a Boi.by Parcel l‘o*i free.
FORD and CO., 41, Poultry, Loudon.
ALD SHIRTS Refrontol. Wriat and Collar
Handed, fine linen, three for it*.Superior, Cd. ; Extra
1HOCOLAT MENIER
Q1IOCOLAT MEN IER.—A warded Twenfcj-
PRIZE MEDALS.
Consumption annually
__exceed* ‘.’ 6,1 oo.ooo j i».
'UOCOLAT MENIER.
7 l 7 >GimU 3 .— The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
. SA that nttrer .brink In wa*li(nv. mntf wisliad iwitlmee.-.
I VV HAT IS YOUR CREST and WHAT
IS YOUR MOTTO!-Send Mine and county to
THE JEWEL REPUTATION. By Mrs.
A AYLMER WOWING.
VAN. By L. B. WALFORD, Author of
-L" - Mr. Smith,” “ Tlie Baby’s Grandmother.” &c.
Loudon: Si’Encku Hi.aukrtt(S uccessor loj .anu R.Maxwcll),
i-,. St. Bride-street, E.c.
II. i;I DEE II \GGARIFS !tSW STORY.
Now ready, Os. clotli, with Sixteen lull-page Illustrations,
AIR MEESON’S WILL. By the Author of
1YX. “ She,” “ Dawn,” “ The Witch's Head,” &c.
BY THE AUTHOR OF “DAME DURDEN."
Cheap Edition. Picture boifcrds,2s., cloth gilt,as. W. ; postage 4d..
1 ' tORINNA. By “ RITA,” Author of “ Two
yy Bad Bluo Eyes.'’ “ Darby and Joan,” *c.
flPFxeim Black ktt, Successor to J. and R. Maxwell,
_ as. St. Bride-street. K.C. _
THE HIGHLANDS OF BRAZIL
A SANATORIUM, in one of the 8ne»t all-ilie-jear-round
B ank of new Zealand
(Incorporated by Act of General Assembly, July
^GJMDIUS.- GEXTLEMEVf-
pULLETON’S GUINEA BOX of
V STATIONERY-a Ream of Paper and fino Enreb.}.«>»,
tamped w.tb Crest or Address. No cl
'eel dies. Wedding and Invitation
’!,ATK end fifty b.-st Cirri*, Printed,
. CPI.I.ETON,Seel Rngniror,tt.Cranbo
i. M&rtiu’a-lanoL tV,t ,
lUtloV'cnrds!^ ‘a^CAK# I
noted, 3s. *1., post-free, by I
Cranbouru-street (corner of
tnteMsn favourite fair-weather ocean trip. Terms, li». to
il'.JTL.'w 1 , 1 !'.. undi'j. "„ ith f™..,
ool; vr ABTUUtt K. Jonks,’ Tbeba&atorioitt, EL Pauio^Brnxri!
Capital Subsenbed ! £ ljoo,
> Liability of Shareholder;
Head Onice—Auckland
In New Zealand—Auckland, Blenheim, ChriM church, Du"-
e.lin, InvercargiII. Napier,Nelson, NewI’lymout li. Picton. Wti-
i 1 inirtnn, and at v? < >1 he r t o wns and places t hr mi ghoutt he m « -
i This Dank grants Drafts on all its Branches rind7
and transacts every description of l»ankiuff basineMConu«ct<Hl
with New Zealand, Australia, and Fiji on the most fat omul M
W TbJkondoa Olllce RF.CEI VF.S F1XBI) DEPOSITS.Jt»»wj
Uliwnnto. m m and pariicular, nt wliich <»« 1* Merrin" 1 *”
application. T. G. poKroKU., Acun« Wsaagcr.
j No. 1, queen Victoria-street, Mansion House,«.« __
A CCIDENTS all the Year Round.— Prov«e
A agninst t hem )>y Policy of t he RA1LWA Y PA88EJ>aM «
ASSURANCE COMPANY. Hon. Kvelyn Ashley. Cha*^ ‘
Animal Income, £24*,ox). I n vetted Capital and Reffcnor"'.
£275 ooo Compensation paid for mow gSn.1
Sottfemcnt of'claim*. “westSntl Omco: 0r ""t j VUYft-c
ings.W.c. Head Office, 64, Corn hi 1 1, E.C.-Willi am J.vu».wv
MISS Bit ADDON’S NEW C H H ISTil AS ANN UAL
Now ready, prico Is. Illuatmted with W
by J. B. Part ridge, P. H. Townsend, W. Parkinson, w»d
THE MISLETOE BOUGH,
A “ Tho Uarxcst, ihc Bust, the Mo*t Papplar
LvnJoa. siarxia, H*'uaa*u.. and oo.
Nov. J 7 , 1SS3
NEW MUSIC.
M ETZLER “nd CO.’S LIST
SIX MEZZO-SOPRANO SONGS. 2 s.each net.
Popular Composers.
you ASK ME WHY I LOVE T b-
X Q Words by Effle Shani * Kelll e.
S«ng by Miss Lucille S--..--
•N BEAUT!
Words by Byron.
Cominsa B to K
A
mTrnnT , Sllnsr ,,J M'liedocb AlonciiolT
I C*il
s™ T u aE^
Cumiaua u to F ' 1
^JLLJ^UPSTEATED LONDON NEWS
new music.
B ° os '’ r
new music.
G99
SJSl.Ssst.r ■ M A1!/ ‘ iAL ' s -">’-EVER laugh at love
SHE WALKS Temple. ^JHE SHINING
A SUMMER ^ "A. . I
S T - JAlSSS ^ 1
^^^assssHivEKi
Someone's Sweet heart
_ ' Wins ADDRESS-” KXCKLSUS,- LONDON
■tir utAdt 0P VOCAL °*ms fob i«. I ^REDBRICK SPENCER,
W ' "«»** S™» - SHARE DEALER.
r»m 7 T,E.A-„ Mr - 0 ri -”'S" Ha”;;: k “»■,
REHREXD-THE old WHERRY
T OIIR. P Vancr"" 11 ®^
F - N.-MARGARITA
„ ....„,. —-----“T , " w ’ Kegent-street.
W HEX B OOSEY - oa^wmirsisi
lhvan -! H 0PE temple,-aVold garden
jyjETZLER'S RED ALBUM. I H° PE TEMPLE.-MY LADY-« m „d
H 0PE TEMPLE.-A MOTHER’S LOVE
L.MLaiiiAsii Vml m anai«iHnnf.,rt“ £,n„s,Ti l ,.“ sllu ’" !,i Su -< GTEPUPV in...
METZLER’S R ED ALBUM No , £! ADAM fcJ HET AEE LOVE
asongoTb?ai? ,kg wrNE HO ? tS8 * ' i STEPHEN AD 4 \fS -twp
™K wai.OW s 6 \(- •' Adormg Thoma-s. ' ° DRt 5 b,»« B STAR OF
*****••*""- •• **«-*-■ (STEPHEN ADAMS^-THE GOODWIN
JH K WIL 1.6W SONG 1
da riJHTKii
EStagFiMy* 1 **
• COMPLETE—PjiICE* ONE sjiffijio.
a. Goring Thomas
Arthur Sullivan.
i iro Pinauti.
Honry .Smart.
£‘S;L'.'
Bcrilmld* Tours,
i Uwckcl.
SANDS ***** WUiiWIN
jyjARZIALS. THE RIVER OF YEARS
M^^-love-s; old sweet song.
-— * lta *■ 2a5 - Regeat-stroot.
SONGS FOR ~CHILDRiT—” pi ■ I-
t* e ^P^
cb.M™,,.- suitable C hnatmaa nrcacnt Tw „J r W“| 5™,^' »™m lw J. a.m^'
N E 7„ VI pLlFl^-yn N0 A 1 - 8KV " nd
—■.none, sweetheart .. . Pro pll!",', 1 ’
S T - JA MES'S SONG-BOOKS.
First in tto k.m ”*” or Bnriton^sunga.
Old Messmates U .Z! 1 ® 0, Bonbeur.
Thr(i ll ,]M,s t .. .Tliumas Hmrb.uson
The Watch man .Ciro Pinsuti.
S T - ™'^NG-BOO^:’ h1 —'
wT2taK£' liB ®“ to 'w» :: hcS/SK-
S T - JAMES’S SONG-BOOKs”** I1,ltc,llnso ”■
CtorwlF caught .. .: ;; Arar^pSSSg-
S T - JA ^ E fS S 0 NG-B 00 KS ,Or<,I,iCk '
A Vision k *• p °P ,,lar s °ns* worth Singing
Only Then’ ” Henry f*ontot.
Srt ur -
S T - ™-S SONG-BOOKS.
When Night is fiSkc"? 1 * So,, » s w 23J_ 8 1 j]W.*ng.
Somebody .. *• •• Kdward Land.
By ihe Abbey Door !! i! - ‘ te} ,h l § l $'‘ af -
A Garland Pair * ” Bert hold Ton r?.
W. HORLEY and CO., 127 , M Regent-st., W.
N°-l 68 ’ FENCHURCH-STREET. LONDON,
o^BKAsa^ysssi
* tf vo» 1 !hl. 0 ffn”nV Sim « ^£ 2 ."?“ L’
have nw^teS^fronr'nlv'^iIlo J,: " M,RO,,le 1 '" lit-
Enormous nroDu .r» ..rVL r J , coninieuttoii*niM.
information. SrS S 'h/® swuinir eminU
at mg. " lrcd ‘no momaut of oj*r-
£S commands jCm,, stock.
a;»i
£73
£100
fall! ;;
tan
<£KS :
W i ‘ l1 il” '"M™ 1 1 'Hlii'llty wtativor 1
M
L 0
ll 0SE a. a. c re «.
-- - “ v '"« - a 'i ilegent- 8 tree
- —-
8 bum I
. . Price
QUEEN WALTZ. ..
JVnll Vocal Obbligato.
ROSE QUEEN WALTZ A r o
Prl W
- _ rrice.a.net. \oi-a|p. rt a,j.
JLTETZLER and CO„
Importers of the Colobrated
M ASOlV an '' HAMLIN ORGANS
^ _ t-hea|*e*t Because Bo^f
J)R. STAINER’S TUTOR
Specially wmten f,,, u R ,, c . 0r 8 .. n) .
jyjASON and HAMLIN ORGANS
Prices from £s.
^Iason a „d‘ hamun" punos
RONISCH PIANOS^ 1 " 0 '"” ‘"""'.'
Mu.ieal Tone, Pe r f t .,.t T „„ ch _
nRGANO-PIANOS.
.. . New invention
xsssg&L
yiOLIN GEMS.
! v
, Be Dcriot. i'rico od lm
BuohVy ui
•T^-n.ieJ, Edelweiss and
Mm'ic J, 1 -- ’ arran 8 cd by
--— - _nr-.rro.-t.
v N T j<; CAR
Tho AdiHiniatration of tbc Society of the
I * r ~*
THEATRICAL REPRESENTATIONS 1888 - 9 -
JANCAItr.
T"0Stlay.8U]iS, l , , |^, J - 13Ul
Tuesday, Wnd-RaturJay. wth.
^r^fe«g«str
liulaer
JHOMAS 0 OKTZMA“J 1 ' 1 ._ al ‘. '>«<>? I
M r i
_ O-'S Ureal Sale of J
I
I i i "»''’ i ”^», d ^a l ,bco, s . ; , aikcr . g , r „, ^
METZLER ai
ta original r
i iVetzmasis 1 .Sjc'o.";
p E R n r A u y.
v' S |"(’ ,! ’v 13I ” 1 ;-
Mcaaibur.i l>cb„itiorri'cn”'L'cr’.'oa'^Kgnu-e
Tuesday, . T »t b—.Sat urday. ut h.
Bra.lan.1,
«icurs Delmjnerriore, Soulacroix. Degrnvo
iTTerrn 1 r. 1 , 1 . 1 ,T Sal "'•.Inv. io.h.
Mm .m.eV r l \ K ,,fcll LES.
'•• Great .Marl'lai l |
, -T.Jhikcr-street, London. V
ROVE'S GOLDEN DREAM WALTZ. "
niMumie r mes-Devries;
' ‘’iipuy, Soulnrroix, Deprave
Tucadny loi h -Sniiinlu. 23 rd
Mesdona, , ‘ , V Ol ; KTT0 *
ill!? Bonlaml ;
Ul * iJ "im.', Soiilacruix, Dei;rave.
i.fs nn ailov 1 !' 1 '-»
. .Mesd.'tines Dc
Messieurs Dcla-iiierr
MARCH
u’lacroia, Ihmland.
nil Hie Exhibition
and Military Part
"lu vtii m orcrwiielining a
lomenado Concerts, 4c. i*-..
^i.oary carts now reHny --- -
..
»•!'' StaK LI.ND.SAfY
" j
_ 1 Mutical Box (Registered), liv wliirii**/vo l J nt «Tchsngealdc
I BS DR A
Messieurs Dcla'.ji
Tliursday
M. sd.tmc - in,,,,.
No. 6, lK»Sl!ft
Ely-Plaire. London. E
K VII.LAR8.
I”. Bouinnd :
■""lacroix, Bouinnd.
urday, wh.
r Co “ l " ricr. 8 mlarroiz •
^REDBRICK'SPENCER’S ^^ '
QUIDE FOR SPECULATORS GRATIS.
QUIDE FOR SPECULATORS GRATIS.
G mDE F0R SPECULATORS GRATIS.
M Y A*™* and FORECASTS of the
mu.t l;Ub!la* tta “ *by advice
l, a l" e *‘' c, ! la S News." Jan. 20, irm M c a . r w ,.
1 Iiblishefi by a M^ OI Predpr!rb G B i,,e fl>r ' Spnculatora/
chi.rcb-st reel, E.C. This l.ulj^‘imog®‘‘con'tai.w’s^mL'
I dealingslliidfVn 1 "iiSlifi.m*^nli- McI F K *dwniro
fellrs on r » ccs an « d div ‘dondn Sid fo^thT Imt n?J
I ^?.')® r H'|ien^c^'ri\mJ“ d ' DK Euff,is * 1 and
ISfaSS-iSfefSir
Sr’^SfS’jfejrS-ii
H o j wme'fobm, t0 , act ™ h '» ,S
elmrch-stivet^lc!" f U,a laat c »»cular to im, Ken-
A b under
.Kncc'SSTJS';, .'' 3 '"F "t a
giving the leading quotations 8CUt dai,y f,ce -
FREDERICK SPENCER advised He
C^?f c “*,HWOMTO» A when tlloy v,^.- „
porarr ii'ep(»itl ! “ 1K1 ' I ’ ru ”‘ of wit b XIoTenp
[(■’REDERICK SPENCPn i - >
F^KSsS^y
——, al Price,. rndcba R J. X L H c 0 miliS; l ' H1TY
F o EE ?b CE n, P f; N ' CKR ’ S 0ffices are fitted
&To. T “,£ ,K “ ULT, "^“M" , *’h d c^S
Frederick spencer’s
it Marlitoroughist/•*!
arming new hong.
Boxes repaired.
Estab.
T , * I HAItMIN-,; NEW HOMI.
J{E ARTS’ EASE. By VIOLET FAIRFIELD.
- ' 1 .. ... w,, l ln d , yi , ' 1 il r ^T 1 ^ 0 . t8,,mn .-
THE BRIGHT ON 8 E A S O V
^i.o Tvfi?^"7,';',T,’ I r: . l , ; , ;,' r , 1 ; i'”,; ■;>--*™ bhr.,? * •
Bernrn Tickets, London III uf'uhr I l K - , i II,t Ar
W “ 1 '" »n.l
ikinps tr/finghron fnmi'
vav« m the Northern i
, 3 , Hol'horn-viad'uct.
•odfiu :i u<l b'i ighrim.
n'l.rinc-'/j^l ""' L , UrL ^ ll,n(
id Midland Districts.
! G UIDE for SPECULATORS GRATIS,
j (JUIDE for SPECULATORS GRATIS.
! G UIDE for SPECULATORS GRATIS.
Since Each £inshows a
grSfigBA.ia*i..iSl..
|^fSS55*-.>«4 - is!:: i£ 'i
BRIGHTON EVERY WEEK - DAY—a :
lr.-rurn Trl! p7 : . ( M ,| '|iD- , '.' ; .i l ,„g r, | , !"-,K ■ -riH M ».■».' p,„ . OltDIN AIIV (HIxI eJit’
a,,y Tn “” '■ Wbl^'ATJ, &;,S'«'wc« ' ri '"" wnc "
8n,.n K M8 , u "^ ! "“^. N ;»Rn <’f villa viooza. ,« "
|OHN IJRTvenfirin ll,u ‘" ,M1 "' lal KMubuiom
*' F .“nd 8 0NS ’ j Bnaht,m. - .Accra. SUI.ODI or Wc«
trlzztriZ’j ;: T ;:;;' v; vkry Sunday. - Fi ret
- In, J>>. and * >, \\ ignmre-atruet, London, W. | ^'Ijog -it <-_lnI'JiamTn", e fKS «aiU 1 “ ,a IV” 1 -
F?d'v r ^;,r:, PIA ';' 0S ' : ' rc ‘ isl ' B - ERARO- of
Wni 1 *! .Mu jo*ty iimf' u.'o'lVmr r 1 ,!.?! , . { ".°.. , L c -;'! ni 'j
. |
r °BPS DE BALLET
8SX
i'aallr.-i
lg* ’
11‘> I ■• Safne
5 » .. ttij .
• £103 i:
£43 i
£17 10
i=:s.A.v;:;YS.
■•earing
fact urc. K,»r
Marlburungh-
FRAUDS' PIANOS. - COTTAGES, from
- _. so guineas.
- ”iSigaffla r
F DN a„l? P ^ DWOOD nnd SONS,
-_ PiANQFonTKg for in ne! ”* t; " llle “-
M 0 1 ?i E e Rad o 1 .M 00 RE.-Pi a nos from HiJ gs
Sjatein, f r .m, b»s iri n^ V 1 " 01 ! 1 7 »"• ll > 60 gs. • T ,n™ v«?„.
»..q lb, .^"s- '
^Glass Chcnji iraius r
Bright cl
»«> the rcnuwnec
THE “TIR AUX~PIGEONS
’IENT ard modeh.v 1 Jt^REDERICK SPENCER,
^Va"yp n cr'Kr , ifS“ ,i " ? - g T0CK “ d SHARE DEALER,
-15 imp. 50 fran
--
]y 0 . 155 , FENCHURCH-STREET, LONDON
T WAvn tr a .... ac '.
Brighton (Cent..., . . . „ y
i'.'.I v *cloria, incliiding I'l/lVmnii-r
Reap Kare
ailablc for return (F
, reuiruing rroiu
Train. Special
aide for return i FirVt*(’in'«Vi'i!v , I. , *i, ‘ ",i'"'a'M'ar, 12s, aU
Brighton ((Vntial .Stat ion i or wlit^BHghton 11 531,10 dft ’
EIS:=«S«
DWA E.C. ’
: d0 Mo'itAin. An object of art, witb
""Kbof MrlinS 1 V "" Plllr,lnn - Anobjoct of
““KSaAPl’S-.^M* Hnlfort. An object
poule of 50 franes. ” ““
t. with
jiuile of so francs.
* ol !.' ?*• 1>rix Moncorge. An object of art, with
. hi 111.111,1,1 ii.aii<i i j.
^London Bridge
frun/ Vi to ret urn
•jnd 1 1.10a.i",. f Jllmgat ^hipliam Jujici ; J i m» uIe’of A1 !'fno^^’ ITIX ‘
calling at ( CrosncM. 500 francs added
>. Prix fiayoli, 500 franca added
same day,
d"ti—First
A<iuarium
i lass Half-a-G,lines
nnd the Royal Pavilion.
F^^HI/RTEST CHEapest route!
h! enni.ling the hni<i»r tA
n . lmiile of 50 francs!
S it urday, J„ n . 5, | W
^mle nf ^'francs.
-poulo
‘ ‘"arfwrifi 0, ,0 ’ f ' r,x Scat,,n - wo francs added to a poule of
Saturday Jan. 12 Prix SMin» .
poule of so fraucs" SaInt ‘ Trn 10r - SOO francs added to a
GRAXDn'NT^EllNATfoSfAL CONCOUE 8 E,
““fte’i.WiaSS?"' *»Su,« added to .
I 1 , N " I,Q , of J " nn franc”? -
1
•jeet of
, TourT»? t’ t FitAyt’E, Italy, swiTzp-ltLA v
Pb crampp ^ . I iuuitt l S£Sa ,, ff.i?"5 , l a ; d »!»•>» to;v..r- So Wr&EJ,V„ e ,S? Mc,r, °- An ■>'■!«« *
-= a^rage^S.( '■. ' 't..■.."(.-. ; .
A. Sable, Secretary mnl General Manager,
jMjrmncsai
Friday, Jan. ]k.
i An ol.jcc* -
1 l:r i a . r.
ro loofiwucs entrance.
n!,'. l i rt !lV.’ dH P- l9 - Grand Prix du Casino.
t auil 211,000 francs added to 200 francs
^ • SSg?s^Sw:i j
Le E Y .™ 1 , P tJJ° n •Y',r The I \ 0T KNC
piniios ' p-f, Spheral good Giialitv ami / ^R£MEIl I ’ FOG? W
WWKS? ,,M - I i'MiJ’t «>: A!!
T0 , D0 R^‘ A BLACK
..■■■■■I.. JH,
- Ib^te^S L 4 r , 5 i;ArF 4 l S 1 , ™‘w S '"F‘o?
Sar#«Jr«S|
SS^H^ISlMiiES. Ka 8 *«gK 8 Et«teSM
~fes«;S3 ««rfs:EH V“®SH mkoveeV te a. ha.vI
Engagements to bu mlfiV.^-Ari Vx. nf' '^ncs entrance.
i L ’J u ^ 5 . R d 7 c 5 S, t Sl^SMf^ _ «^
I fsiSsss.’assK, s£s : "=«
I _ __ IIap 8 bu Fit sues, Proprietor*.
S T - 6 0 T ha u d r a! l wTy,
w?.»Ll R i? 1 ' rcuan<l ninny of my
tips. '* ' w wuo ouarkably well by following my
. I Sff J '" Ww bar'c’*en Almoi't‘more
of Brt, with ! ]yf AXY operators ask “how it is my tips are
of nn, witb sass,?sfflE2?^',n2-SSjfcS?
operations in any St,»ck nnifi i i.„ 8 n ° v £ r «<lvi*e
ami calmly studied fit *S 0 ?J \ 'u fnr?SlU U, ^ ,,y
Sss ssar* " ,y *ia™ aas
I AT IfJ m ° m ? nt iave a client on my
"=
I "how 8 ! 1 ^ dSfiiS" ° >Kn ‘ m
r.Uiirci.’Jitb bit iinan^Hinfted^ncomc^nrc K' rr
| HI' rucb urge entiilili.Liiienti, L-i> V" f*L 1 ’ 1
iuimiUSit’rf'toN^
gPECIAL ADVANTAGES of DEALING
missions—a very great cotishicrithm k '*
profits. 1 lb ™ 1 nohinit to the amount of iheir
A ' Si'cSSK $i£S 1 5iJ* UUo "* 1 >'><«» ‘f li tter.
& , fn" r ^rt C icu‘b.?i" lrt pric « , “'> iminedinlciy wire
o. I oiien sbrciiUtil e accounte from I per cent, cover
T HAVE issue<J a ver y carefully compiled
* 2 j’ 1 «ytlad“ Guide to SncciiUlor./whichiillio
b«l.li« 0 cd'"f„SS“rd 1 ,ta “
Ijoeonimenib. gg «oc t
aooo 2
£.Vro
1 B l ,
=-=,- ZZT’ -, F REDERICK sfencer,
T A-^Sy^UR of the GRANDE CHARTREUSE 1 A
into Pbiiiic favonr'on^ii'retm'ni u 'f l1 ** I ^J^^ome eri nbmh S T0CK Bnd SH ABE DEALER,
... ...
■ xvu^uw or tiie GKANDE CHARTREUSE 1
:sSSS??S»S S TO
BiWteKtaustSSi^tiTa t N M:i. 2 fESSb,!Sf ■«
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
f.00
THE INSTHTTE OF PAINTERS IN OJI.S.
.SECOND NOTICE.
'Hie West Gallery contains some of the most distinctive works
in the exhibition, although the distinction aimed at does not
always soar very high. Mr. J. J. Shannon's star has risen very
rapidly, bnt not in any way out of comparison with his
deserts. He has an appreciative eye. a ready hand, and a
sense of beauty both of form and colour; but his admirers
will do well to rest content with the display of those qualities.
His two works, Mrs. White (lo) and "Rose Pink” (53), dis¬
play his powers and his shortcomings in a very marked way.
The former, which is only a portrait in hustr, is brilliant and
full of life; but it has a suggestion of vulgarity, which, by-
the-way, is not now-a-days considered a very serious draw¬
back to a pretty woman. ” Rose Pink ” is a more ambitious
work—a seated full-length figure of a lady prepared for a
walk, but so arranged that the artist evidently considers her
dress more interesting than her face. If we are to have portraits
which force themselves upon the attention, and which would
never be the quiet, unobtrusive companions of our solitude,
we honestly confess our preference for such works as Mr. T. B.
Kenuiugton's portrait of Madame G. (98) and Mr. Solomon J.
Solomon's Mrs. Ernest Lowy(U6) in tbeir black dresses, which
serve as a foil to bring out the brilliancy of the flesh-tones and
to give vivacity to the face. There are two other portraits also
in this gallery which are well deserving of attention : those of
Baron Gcvers (147) and of the Comte de Saint-Genys (156),
both by Mr. Hubert Vos, who betrays, perhaps involuntarily,
his Dutch origin in his direct treatment and subdued
colour. Amongst the figure-subjects Mr. John Reid’s “Our
Fisher-Folk ” (154), a group of Cornish fishermen and their
belongings, is an instance of strong drawing and bright
colour; but, whilst admitting its cleverness, one cannot bnt
feel that it aims at something almost too dramatic than such
n group would naturally suggest, whilst it is too essentially
prosaic to move one’s inner feelings. On the other hand,
M. Fantin-Latour's renderings of scenes from two of Wagner's
operas, the “Rheingold” (121) and “Siegfried” (175), are
amongst the best attempts at imaginative painting in this
room. The figure of Brunhilda, in the former, is most
delicately conceived, and the poet’s idea of the maidens
doom is depicted with full appreciation of the main idea.
M. Fantin’s mastery of colour U becoming more noticeable,
and he now treats himself and his admirers to a somewhat
more extended palette. Mr. Horace Fisher’s “Pigeons’ Break¬
fast" (1) is a bright scene which may be assigned to an Italian
village where the costumes are bright, the streets narrow, and
the sun dazzling. These ingredients are well mixed by Mr.
Fisher, who produces them with a pleasant result; but, in
spite of costume and sunshine, the figures of the girls are not
so bright and piquant as that of Miss Alba Stefani (18) as
depicted by Mr. Melton Fisher. Into his “Between Whiles"
(139)—illustrating the duties of the serving brothers in a
monastery—Mr. Dendy Sadler manages to throw a good deal
of humour and character by means of strong painting ; whilst
Mr. Edgar Giberne, in his “ Little Bo-peep ” (31), has a similar
aim in view, but relies upon far slighter materials. In land¬
scapes the Institute is generally fairly well provided, and,
although we miss one or two well-known names, their places
are supplied by new - coiners eager to attract public notice.
Mr. George Wetherbee's “Autumn" (43) is a simple treat¬
ment of a woman carrying faggots, conceived in the French
spirit of Jules Breton. The colour and sentiment of this
poor toiler, whose summer seems to have been so short,
are alike admirable, although somewhat sad. Very different
thoughts are suggested by Mr. Ernest Parton’s “ Dreary Doy”
(29), full of light and rest among the trees, of which the
leaves do not obscure the brightness. This isquite Mr. Parton’s
best work, less complicated in arrangement and colour, and
more definite in conception than his “ Home Amongst the
Trees” (427), or his tangled study of “Lilies and Rushes”
(576), which, nevertheless, have the charm of recalling sonny
days spent amid the backwaters of the Thames. Mr. Helcke’s
“ Evening” (91) goes back to a somewhat sadder view of the
field and sedgeland across which the “ swinked ” toilers are
slowly wending their homeward way. Almost as much praise
is due to Mr. David Murray’s "Eventide” (102), which shows
a very distinct effort to get free of the mannerism of much of
his recent work. These evening shades have also inspired
Mr. Fred. Cotman with an excellent treatment of “ St. Ives ”
(158)—that of Huntingdonshire, not Cornwall — and is
especially interesting as affording comparison with Mr. Robert
W« Allan's very fine rendering of the Dutch town of “ Middel-
bnrg ” (148), as well as with that of another town amid the flats
—“ Sandwich ” (167), as depicted by Mr. T. Pyne. To these should
be added Mr. Aumonier's “ Sussex Lane ’’ (189), with its horses
going to the pound; Mr. Adrian Stokes' “On the Cornish
Towans ” (86) ; and Mr. Sidney Moore’s exceedingly delicote
work, both in figure and landscape, “ In dewy morn she came
this way ” (72).
East Gallery will not detain us long, although some of
the pictures are quite above the ordinary average of these
exhibitions. No two artists are more distinct in method and
purpose than are Mr. John Burr and the Hon. John Collier ;
and it is, therefore, curious to see what each sends as a typical
Btudy. “An Artist’s Model” (474) by the first named is a
clever, but somewhat laborious, handling of an old woman in
a poke-bonnet, whose age-worn face makes for her a fortune
amongst artists of Mr. Faed's following. Mr. Collier's study
(487) is that of a young girl with a profusion of fair hair
falling over her bare shoulders, which should have afforded the
artist the opportunity of practically applying the theory of paint¬
ing of which heisoneof the recent professors. But in this face, as
in the portrait of Mrs. Alfred Eckersley (443), he seems to have
fallen away from that brilliancy and transparency which marked
some of his earlier works. We are not sure if we do not
refer Mr. Herman Herkomer's portrait of Miss Margaret,
ex-Blake (577) as a work ; bnt it must he taken into account
that the latter has aimed rather at showing strength of
character than mere facial beauty and elegance in his
picture. Miss B. M. Latham's study (568), although obviously
only a beginner’s work, shows no little promise in the
arrangement of drapery and case of attitude. The colour is a
trifle cold, and we are left in doubt as to what the artist's
capacities are in rendering the face, which in this case is
only suggested in the gloom. Whilst willing to hope that in
his “ Salome ’’ (587) Mr. E. A. Storey has given play to his
imagination, it is rather too realistic in its treatment to take a
place beside such ideals as Mr. Henry Stock’s “ Sin Piercing the
Heart of Love ’’ (590), which hangs close by. The figure of
the thorn-crowned j’onth in an nneasy choir conveys very
obscurely the artist's meaning as explained in tbe text: but
even more difficult is it to understand by what circuitons
route the dart of the cruel monster is to reach the heart of the
snffercr. Mr. Stock in his other imaginative work, “ A Soul
Contemplating the Grass of the Field” (462), represents a
young child picking ox-eyed daisies. There is more pathos
and direct appeal to sentiment in such a work as Mrs. Arthur
Hacker’s “ Children's Prayer ’’ (537) at the side of their peasant
NOV. 17, 1888
mother; but Mr. Phil Morris's “ Rose on the Thorn ” (550),
whilst displaying a certain technical ability, reminds one too
forcibly of an unnatural union of Tissot and Mason. A
young girl swinging under a may - tree, surrounded by
“ dappled hinds,” sneh as we have seen before, is Mr.
Morris's work. The landscape-painters in this room, as
in the other, seem to have found the evening effects
this year more attractive than any other. Mr. Alfred
East’s “ Evening after a Storm ” (426), with its purple tints
upon the sea, is a somewhat artificial study, and hardly so
attractive as his “ Moonrise ” (540)—a subject which, in spite
of the difficulties it presents to the colourist, also tempts Mr.
Alexander Harrison (567), and is even more powerfully handled
by Mr. Arthur Severn (468) in his stqdy of “ Ilex-trees.”
There is plenty of atmosphere and movement in Mr. Edwin
Hayes’ “ Fishing Fleet off Granton ” (477), which is quite the
best sea-piece in the exhibition ; though for richness of colour
and fanciful resource Mr. Stuart Lloyd’s “Lobster-Fishers”
(469) will obtain perhaps more admiration. We should also
mention Mr. C. E. Johnson's “ Wintry Wind ” (422), Mr.
James Webb's “Sunshine and Showers” (521). Mr. Alexander
Harrison’s “Purple and Gold” (504), Mr. Keeley llalswelle's
“Autumn Tints” (531), and Mr. Frank Walton’s “Padstow
Point” (582), as works of no little merit, and showing some effort
to break away from the ordinary style of their respective artists.
Mr. Daniel O’Connell French, Q.C., of the Northern Cironit,
has been elected a Bencher of tbe Honourable Society of the
Middle Temple, in succession to the late Mr. James Anderson,
Q.C., one of the Official Referees. Mr. French was called to
the Bar at the Middle Temple in 1872, and was created a
Queen’s Counsel in 1885.
The Company of Clothworkers have resolved to contribute
£2500 towards the North London Technical Institutes, to be
apportioned thus :—£2000 towards an institute in Islington,
where the Company have a considerable estate as trustees of
the Packington Charity as well as in their own corporate
right; and £500 towards one in Hackney, where they also
possess property, limited, however, to specific charitable trusts.
Persons desirous of seeing chrysanthemums in their prime
should hasten to see the excellent show in the Inner Temple
Gardens, now open to the public.—The November show of
chrysanthemums, primulas, fruit, and vegetables in connection
with the National Chrysanthemum Society recently held at
the Aquarium, was the largest and most attractive exhibition
ever held under the auspices of the society.—The annual
chrysanthemum shows hold a prominent place among the
regular attractions of the Crystal Palace, and a fine display
was recently exhibited there.
Dr. Frithjof Nansen’s daring attempt to cross Greenland
from east to west on Bnow-shoes has proved successful. A
letter from Mr. Sverdrup, who accompanied Dr. Nansen, has
been received. The writer says :—“The journey from the east
coast to Godtliaab took forty-six days. Landing on the east
coast was difficult, owing to the ice-packing and the strong
current. Worked twelve days before reaching land. Landed
sixty miles further south than calculated. Travelling on the
inland ice in the direction of Christianshaab commenced on
Aug. IS. Having arrived at a height of 7500 ft., a snowstorm
from the north forced us to make for Godthaab. Greatest
height reached, 10,000 ft.; thermometer, 40.50 deg. Arriving
at a fjord, a boat was built partly of the tent-canvas, in which
Nansen and the writer rowed to Godthaab, where we arrived
after four days’ rowing.”
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»0V. 17, 1883
HEADING THE POLL BY 212 VOTES
(From u Modern Truth”)
Competition
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publishers of jJ , : hi,v '^ ^ circulation , n t u/o m n ^t 1 ' m< \r $ e JJnited
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i.'0 I Bow’s Liniment...
Berry Davis’s Pain Killer . 4
ir ,i , ,, '" "■ B) | Cuticura ... . d
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St. Jacobs Oil
KUnuan’s Embrocation.’.'.'
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lm ‘ ,llon ' than double t
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it success rests „
( l tin- iUiimniji
►' nivili.scd country
11 popularity of f
r*omitir>-; in mn
to ibe fl,-tails
,™ei '’".pK ? ™mment by almost the entire press
,;;; fT£OASt»SZ SIS !&?
>r,
taie,sea which only exist in the mind nf ■
1 M-osed Suits for heavy damages have bee'
'<ed. Injured innocence™?. c! u, bet .
riri-htai etiiyftieyTai'ff£“V ”
. Tied Li,
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»f 36, Whetstone-park, W.C.. said:—‘‘There ca h * U8e ° which completely removed t
trace of pain.’’
;“HE£"S 3 ^
St. Jacobs Oil removed all pain' and Lm li, 1 Buddings, Holbom Burs, W.r -aid I ™' 1 was completely used i
— .^SSS^STL ,w ™ PPW mJ aph : - - *•» — - « -... ^
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ladies some of them ninety ik old instead of by , usm ? tht ‘ oi l, and many old
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had strained tivoy'ea'rs KSiZ-S^n" 7 ' Baid M >’ wrist, that I
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not aw; to “f Although I was
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On removed all pain'dln»tly. : ’ M ' A '’ 3 °’ I!o,lr] ‘evue-road, Strcatham, said:- ”,St. Jacobs
P 8 ” Mr'* E^l'' '^e'' ”' y reran Iimendat ion ,^use St ^Jacobs 00"*“* ^
gentlemen in private practice "and to ti'ie'c'".' v'? ? ,lpat< ,' ll J ur s( 'iatica by eminent medical
London, He obtained no relief 1 " "7 ( Home ,’ Bexhill-on-the-Sea, near
practically cured him. ’ “ 1 tbt L01ite,lts of °“e bottle of St. Jacobs Oil
Lewishaiu, ""ay B •'^'have'tounii^st well-know-n bicycle-rider, of 16, High-street,
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«der it a splendid article ^ 88 1 «»*
Vlub, 18, Carlyle-road, Handsworth,
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well as all persons suffering irompain.’’ 11 recommendi “X your uil to football-players, as
faction to^^craductinu’^here’^vertigatr 8 ‘L® 80Hrce of tIle P Te8test satis-
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llie Oil is also sold in yello/'wmn™« Compnny. -Ep Itorringdon-road, Lfrndon, E.C1.
adapted for use on horses cmtle mtol ‘ ‘tMv 1,1 fi Tpdltn,s added as are particularly
have never used St. Jacobi , the ? sbould bt aa T of our readers who
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greatest merit of any Cplation for onlnrH J* ? be most ''alued and possesses the
J P" paration lor outward appheatien ever offered to the public.
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MURSES (MAL E).—The Hamilton
Association for Providing Trained Male Nurses.22. South
A ml ley-street, J.d>ndon, W., supplies Experienced Male Attend-
! ants, with Hospital Training, for medical,surgical, and mental
Dr. Laville’s Liqueur
A (perfectly harmless)<
f 1 THE UNFAILING
hfl T «* - r i p Sf cific
UUUI & RHEUMATISM.
“A elnglo bottle sufficient for two to throe months’
treatment."
Price 95 ., everywhere : or free by post (as well
___ n « the Pamphlet) of the Agents,
ROBERTS & CO., 76, New Bond-street, London.
0 Now Ready. Tenth Edition.
Contents -.-Symptoms of Dvs-
m>sla and Indigestion .• Special
Advice as to Diet and Regimen;
Diseases Sympathetic; Notes for
Dyspeptics; Beverages, Air,
and Ventilation ; Particulars of
BtimcrousDyspcptlcCases. Sent
Address: Publisher,48,Holborn
Viaduct, London, E.C.
Every yard bears the name “ LOUIS,’ and
the wear o! every yard, from the cheapest
quality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
should write for Samples of the New Shades
to THOS. WALLIS and CO., Holborn-circns,
London, E.C., who supply all shades and all
qualities at most reasonable prices.
Y-OLDS CURED BY
O R. DUNBAR’S ALKARAM. or
Anti-Catarrh Smelling Buttle.
^LKARAM. (-OLDS.
^LKARAM. (-OLDS.
^LKARAM. (-OLDS.
I F inhaled on the first symptoms, ALKARAM
will at once arrest them, find cure severe case* in half an
hour. 8old by allCbemists.2s. W.a Boitlo. Address, Dr. Dunbar,
care of Messrs. F. Ncwbery and Sons, 1, King Kdward-si.. E.C.
TOWLE’S PENNYROYAL and STEEL
A PILL8 tor FEMALKS. Sold ill BoJM.IA 1|S. «U'I »■
nt all chemirtA Sunt rnivwti.ro on l ecmiit of is or SI .uiiiirst,,-
1 lie LIN COLN lin'l Jt I 111 , ANT) OUSTl hri till ni^O., tin rota.
TbINNEFORD’S FLUID MAGNESIA.
The best remedy for Acidity of tbo Stomach, Henri burn,
Headache. Gout, an.l Indigestion, and rafest aperient for
delicate c onstitution*. Indies and children. Of all C’heniisi s.
fTOLLOWAY’S' PILLS and OINTMENT.
II The Pill-i purify the blood, correct all disorders of the
TAYLOR'S CIMOLITE is the only
*- thormislily liurmlo.. SK1H rnwnBR. rtrp.rrrtl.irM
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
G03
NOV. 17, 18S3
peter ROBINSON, oif,n-,t. [ NOVELTIES IN JEWELLERY.
TUIN and WINTER
NOVELTIES.
CILKS, DRESSES, MANTLES,
O _ COSTUMES, Ac.
O00 Pieces FAILLE FRANCAISE,
per yard, 3s. lid.. 4s. lid., 5s. lid. 80 shades to
RClect from.
800 Pieces real CHINA SILKS, per yard, Is. 6d.,
Is. lid., 2s. 6d.. in all new Art colouring*.
SEAL and OTTER MANTLE PLUSHES, per yanl,
6s lid. to IBs. 6d.
New BROCADED SILKS and SATINS, specially
made for dinner, promenade, and Court wear.
600 Pieces extra rich STRIPED SATIN and VELVET,
per vard, 2s. 1 Id., 3s. lid., * * *
050 Boxes Velvet - Velveteens,
colon roil and black, per ynrd. Is. 6d.
450 Boxes VELVET-VELVETEENS, extra wide and
very rich, per yard. 2* 9d.. 3s. 9d.
300 Pieces flue FRENCH CASHMERES, per yanl.
Is. lid.. 2s. 6d.
230 Pieces FRENCH MERINOS, per yard. Is. 9d.
All-Wool CASIMIR8, PO shades, per yanl, 9j<l.. Is.
ALASKA SEAL MANTLE CLOTH, Min. wide, per
yanl, 9s. 9d. to 45s.
3 )00 new AUTUMN SKIRTINGS, 2s.6d. to 10s.6d.cach.
VEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS,
i-" from 42s. to £3 3 0
NEW Tight-Fitting ULSTERS, with Capes
from 62s. 6*1. to £4 4 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS from 33s. 6d. to 5 5 0
TRAVELLING CLOAKS, Lined Silk, Quilted,
and Trimmed Fur .. from 63s. to 9 9 0
PLUSH JACKETS, Loose or Tight Fitting,
from 42s. to 5 5 0
TJEIGE, Serge, and Fancy-Cloth
•D COSTUMES.from £1 5 6
Fine Habit-Cloth COSTUMES, appllqud, in
various designs, great novelty.3 3 0
Cashmere COSTUMES, Trimmed, Plain, Stripe,
and Check Silk, or Velvet .2 18 6
CHILDREN’S COSTUMES, Real Devonshire
Sergo .. .. .. •• •• •• ..0611
CHILDREN’S Silk and Fancy COSTUMES .. 0 18 11
CHILDREN S JERSEY COSTUMES,50designs 0 5 11
PATTERNS and Illustrations
JL post-free.
TiJEW BOOK OF LATEST
U FASHIONS.
The above is now ready, c<
Novelties lu nil Departments, a
gratis on application.
Repairs quickly
executed. Boxes
and directions
post-free. Old
Cold , Ac., ex¬
changed.
The New Watch Bracelet,
Silver, £4 4«.; Gold, £t> 9.<.
ustotnors’ own Watches fitted,
Silver, 33*.; Gold, 758.
Gold and Pearl 1H88 Bracelet, £3
Flexible or Stiff Curb Bracelet.
Gold, from ai*.
Platinum and Gold, from 50?.
An Illustrated Cata¬
logue of Novelties
post-free.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
GODWIN 8c SON,
CAUTION.
Bexger’s Food differs en¬
tirely from any other Food
obtainable. When mixed
with warm milk It forms a
delicate nutritious cream. In
which the curd Is reduced to
the same flocculent digestible
condition in which It exists in
human milk, so that hard In¬
digestible masses cannot form
in the stomach.
It may be had of Chemists.
Ac., everywhere, or will be
forwarded free by Parcel
Post direct from the Manu¬
facturers.
“O’CONNELL” MONUMENT WHISKY (IRISH).
“WALLACE” MONUMENT WHISKY (SCOTCH).
THE “ BALLYHOOLEY ” WHISKY (IRISH),
Wholesale and Export of J. * J. VICKERS k Co., Ltd.,
LONDON and DUBLIN.
CORPULENCY.
Recipe and notes how to harmlessly, effectually, and
rapidly cure Obesity wilhout semi-starvation dietary,
Ac. “Sunday Times” says:—“Mr. Russell's aim is to
eradicate, to cure the disease, and that his treatment Is
the true one seems beyond all doubt. The medicine he
proscribes does not loirer but builds up and tones the
system." Book. 116 pages (8 stomps).
F. C. RUSSELL, Woburn Hous©,
27, Store-street, Bedford-square, London, W C.
BY SPECIAL APPOINTMENT TO H.M. THE QUEEN.
| EDMONDS, ORR, & CO.,
Ladies’ and Juvenile Outfitters,
Tailors, and Hosiers,
47, W16MQRE-ST., CAVENDISH-SQ-,
LONDON, W.
HYGIENIC UNDERWEAR
(FATE CTRL).
Specialties in Slender Waist Com¬
binations and Underveets. High or Low
Necked. Long or Short Sleeves.
These nro woven in a thinner texture
nt llie waist where the body is protected
by tlie Corset, thus .improving j( the
Wool, Tamil's aC Wool, Natural Woof.
Fine Brilliant Diamond Brooch
Hair-Pin, from £10 to.?, to £jO.
304, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON.
(Exactly opposite First avp.nue Hotel.) Estd. ujol
EXTRACTS.
"Mr. Benger’s admirable
preparations.”— Lancet.
“ We have given It In very
many cases with the most
marked benefit, patients fre¬
quently retaining It after
every other food had been
rejected .”—London Medical
Record.
“ Onr medical adviser
ordered your Food: the result
was wonderful. The llttlo
fellow grew strong and fat,
and Is now In a thriving con¬
dition—In fact the ‘ Flower of
the Flock.’ "—Private Letter.
ED. PINAUD
PARIS,37,B d deStrasboiiTg
ED.PINAUD ' 8
s QUININE WATER
The world renowned hair
tonic: prevents the hair from
_ falling off. _
IXORA SOAP
GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN RAZORS.
ARBENZ’S Celebrated
MANDARIN RAZORS,
With folly Warranted Interchangeable Blades.
Arc the l>e«t, most reliable, easiest, and rhea post ldfflwlnsa
Razor* known: and show the greatest advancement in tbo
art of Ra/or-making yet attained. Innumerable testimonials
(filed for inspection! prove shaving with them to he “Most
comfortable/' ■•Pleasant." ** A boon/' “ Rcmat kably easy,"
“ Luxurious/' and that they “ give satisfaction where, before,
a small fortune has I wen spent in trying to obtain a good
razor." Price. 4s. ad. for one; x*. the ser of four : tf.Gd. the
set of seven. Extra blades, 1*. 3d. each. May l>c had of
Dealers at above prices, in London,of Messrs. PEHILY Si CO.,
Limited, Holhorn Viadum ; or T. A. ARBENZ, 107 and 1W,
Great Clnrles-strect. Itmnuigham, introducer of the Gent ink
NEW TOYS! NEW
Dl? Iff Iftojtstn’s Uopl Writers patent
HINDES POPULAR
TOYS!! NEW TOYS!!!
Capital presents that Children neuir tire of.
ILLING TOYS!
SURPRISING NOVELTIES!! MARVELLOUSLY CHEAP!!! Providing Lasting and Instructive Amusement to Children of all
THE ORIGINAL TOY!
MISS DOLLIE DAISIE DIMPLE
Greatly improved, more attractive than ever.
Miss Dollle Dnlsic Dimple, Dressed in her Best Walking Costume, with her
T tvclllng Trunk full of Fine Clothes—pretty Frocks of cloth-lined vellum, in
brilliant colours, and Hats, in the latest fashions, to suit all occasions and all
seasons. Petticoat*. Bodices, Tippets, Skirts. Aprons, Corsets, and a great
variety of Under-clothing, all to tnk« on and off, nnd many other pretty things
only to be found In n properly appointed Dolly’s (hitlit. Together with a
llttic Book nil about Miss Dollle Datsic Dimple’s Birthday anti early History.
Upwards of fifty articles in ready-made Travelling Trunk
Complete, ONE SHILLING.
41. EXTRA Foil P.U'KIXG A.XD CARRIAGE.
COMPANION TOY TO “ IHU.LIE DAISIE DIMPLE."
QUITE NEW THIS SEASON.
A SAILOR BOY DOLL.
ROMPING, ROLLICKING RODERICK,
With his Sea Chest, 8 In. by 3 In.
Containing three Suits of Clothes, five Hats, all to take on ami off. /
SLOOP, “THE PINAFORE,” 8in. long, with sails, rudder, crew, cargo
small bout, oars, Sic., and a well-written Booklet, called “He would be a
Sailor," by Mr*. Hayes.
The whole Toy comprising upwards of SIXTY ARTICLES, the like
of which has never before been seen for
ONE SHILLING.
4d. Extra for Packing and Carriage.
GIVEN AWAY,
A beautifully Illuminated Toy-Book, twelve pages, largo size, with a score n
brightly-coloured Illustration* for the Children, sent gratis and post-free L
applicants.
Samples of many thousands of unsolicited
Testimonials .—
HINDE’S NEW PATENT.
A Beautiful Doll’s Hous©
For ONE SHILLING.
A real Doll's Honsc with rooms, frontage, 1 ft. 4 In. The
“ Oct. S, 1 88. j Drawing-room is 8 In. wide by 10 In. long, ana very lofty, 11 in.
" The Counters of Aberdeen Is charmed with the new Toys brought A m0 st attractive double-fronted Residence, known as
out by Messrs. Hlnde, and begs that fifty nssorted specimens of the new Toys vii.la." Imitation Red Brick and Stone Facings,
Ab^leen^M^n^the^i^tat^Nhraerx^RugenUB^ark,^London ? twelve U» | Bay Windows, Green Venetian Blinds, Bright Colours. Ac. A
the care of Mbs Bain, Iw Cottage, Methllck. Aberdeenshire ; and twenty- | practical two-roomed house to put furniture in. The Interior
three to the care of Mrs. Greenhalgh, Haddo House Cottage Hospital, Tarves, j (lecorat lons all In the modern style, Dados, Bright Wall Papers,
Aberdeenshire.” Ac £ an ^ taken to pieces and packed flat for transit ~~
“ Banister's Hall-avenue, Southampton.
“ Sept. 28, 1838.
“ Please send to the above address 1 A Sailor Boy ’ Doll, with his Chest, a
if it gives only one half the pleasure ‘ Dollle Daislo Dimple ’ did to my Eva a
Daisy, it will be a shilling well laid out.
“From William Borough Hill.’
The Three Toys, One Shilling each, may be had of all important Toy Houses in the World. The GIEL DOLL, One
Shilling; the BOY DOLL, One Shilling ; and the DOLL'S HOUSE, complete. One Shilling,and 4d. Mftra“
packing and postage; 6d. extra on two articles, and 8d. on the three, to any address m United Ktogd wnor C ontinent. j Cash
by Postal Note preferred. Applicants should write very distinctly their PoBtal Address. Last year several hnndred toys
were returned by the Post Office “ address not known."
storage, nnd can be rebuilt in a few seconds. This Toy is sure
to bo a favonrlte with littlo girls, and all old friends of
■■ Do li.ie Daisie Dimple." It Is qnite a largo Doll's House.
I and takes the place of a Doll's House usually costing ten times
1 the monev. Trice ONE SHILLING complete.
were returned by the Post Office address not known. _ .. T mWTt/YV
HINDES LONDON SAMPLE ROOM, la, CITY-
Though found quite unnecessary, the Patentees still adhere to their practice of Money Willingly Returned any s
604
THE iLLUSTRATEH LONDON NEWS
NOV. 17, 1888
Fries 16 a
6 d— with itft Leather CaitiCoril
The “MLIPt'T" is a very useful Ifgrht, bat_„
vest-pocket Field and Opera Glass, rts particular and
newly-invented Perfect Achromatic Combination Glasses
are made In accordance with the directions ot the Tech-
nlottl Artillery Commission Office of Poitiers (France),
and render the “ LILIPUT ” equal if not dujterior to nil
the large and cumbersome glasses generally used In the
Army. Travelling, Theatres, Races, Ac. 50,'iXK) In use all
over Europe. Thousands of best testimonials.
E. KRATJSS A C CO.,
80, HAYMARKET, S.W.
_Pants t. AVK.Vri: PE LA RBPDBMQtnS.
ASTHMA, CHRONIC BRONCHITIS,
BRONCHITIC ASTHMA, HA? FEVER, and INFLUENZA.
„Harrison Weir, Esq., writesr-'T not only use the Ozone
P*I**r myself, but I recommend it to all Asthmatics I meet
with as the best remedy for their complaint.”
Dr. Woodward, Worcester, writes [ have derived more
permanent benefit from tilting your Ozone Paper than anything
I have tried, and found the same with regard to my asthmatic
2-. yd, and 4«. ed. per Bor, of all Chemists; or from the
Proprietor for the amount in stamps or P.O.O. to any country
within the Postal Union.
K. Ill) (i<« I NS, Chemist, 199. Strand, LONDON.
Perfume
A Drea m of
Loveliness
if
London.
xy tsirw
HEW ILLDSTBATID CATALOGUE to July, 1888, uow really.
“THE rj.UN OF THE PERIOD.”
A VA Tiadi MARK. J- liROU.
HnsontR . runs. ws. S
DIPLOMA .V MBI> 1I..SV hSEV.toto, 5,
»XD CALCCTtA, 1«SM. Jf
QOUGHS, COLDS, ASTHMA,
gRONCHITIS, and NEURALGIA.
D U. J. C 0 L L I S
Ctll.OnOOVKB.-Vic-.Cliaiicrll
iUted imhlicly in Court that fir. J.
ioubtedly the inventor of Chlorod; in
>f the defendant Freeman was delili
regretted to say it had boou sworn
BROWNE’S
0 the •’
J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
7 CHI.ORODYNE.—The* Right Hon. Enrl Ruuell eoinmu-
:ated to tin-College of Physicians and J. T. IMrenport that
had received information to the effect that the only remedy
any service in cholera was Uhlorodyne.—Sco •'Lancet.’
D r J. COLLIS I
CHLOHODYNK.—Eunice fri.m tin-
Jan. 12, 1R66:—“ Is prescribe! by scores o
tinners. Of course, it would not bo thus
did it not supply a want and fill a place.”
D
R. J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
CHT.ORODYNE is the best and most certain remedy in
ighs. Colds. Asthma. Consumption, Neuralgia. Rheumatism,
TAR. J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
fr 7 CRLOItODYNE is a certain cure In Cholera, Dysentery.
Diarrhoea, Ac.
D R. J. COLLIS BROWNES
.('HLORODTNF,.—CAUTION -None genuine without the
words" Dr. J.Collie Brownc’sChlorodyno”on tho Government
stamp. Overwhelming medical testimony accompanies each
Dottle. Sole Mannfacnirer t J. T, DAVENPORT, 33, (treat
- -London. Sold in Bottles, is. i|d.
1*1.. 4
. «d„ at
l 11s.
UMBRELLAS;
SPECTACLES.
ZAMBIA’S
WITH FINEST BRAZILIAN PEBBLES,
OR THE PUREST GLASS.
Carefully adapted to any sight, a Register of which
is kept for future reference.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided improvements (protected by
Letters Patent) which give increased
Stability and greater Neatness to the
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
facture the Steel specially lor all
their frames and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferior
makes.
WESTERHAM HILL-CLIMBING COMPETITION WON
ON A WHIPPET SAFETY BICYCLE, m.nmt.
In the Competition, held by the Catford Cycling Club
up this Hill, Mr. W. Chater Lea, of the North-road C. C.,
won on a WHIPPET, beating the second man by 23 l-5th
seconds. Out of fifteen competitors, only five succeeded
in riding the hill at all, out of which the FIRST and
THIRD rode WHIPPETS,
TWA VTTTPAr , T , rTT?TPT?C!
LINLEY & B IGGS, 29, Clerkenwell-road, London.
OPTICIANS TO HER MAJESTY.
H0LB0RN VIADUCT, E.C.
| Branches: 45, CORNHILL; 122. REGKXT-STREET.
Photographic Studio: CRYSTAL PA LACK
Illustrated Price-Lists fVee to all parts f
the world.
•(ephonc. So. Oa*3. Trligraphlc AiMrrtt : »* Seg
aktnfcCfeaas
Gecta
paution.
^ They aro slm
ADAMS'S
Furniture
Polish.
I A n I F q should avoid the Cheap Thus
LHU I L O now being boIU a. genuine.
They aro simply the refuse of the Chinese markets, and are
Injurious anti tasteless.
DAKIN & CO., Established 1844, one of the
I.AROEST TEA HOJTESS IS THE WORLD,
supply ONLY PURE TEAS, COFFEES, &c„
of UNSURPASSED QUALITY, and
GUARANTEE a DIRECT SAVING in Prices.
Number One, St. Paul'a-churchyard, & Oxford-circus.
SEND FOR PRICE-LIST, and compare with what you
are now paying.
ALL SAMPLES POST-FREE.
DAKIN & CO.,
Offices k Warehouses, CARTER-LANE, E.C.
THE
OLDEST
BEST.
AND
THE QUEEN”
Fools no hesitation in recommending its use.—
Doc. 22, 1883.
Sold by Grocers, Ironmongers, Cabinetmakers,
Oilmen. <£c.
Mam F.vcToitY: VALLEY-ROAD, SHEFFIELD.
Ct E LEWIS'S TREBLE GRIP, combined
mkoJsSIVi ttT l "r, d L"vkin*,t'i«-kiair,a»d A,no-
tnnttc Bnu-ty fMt, turbo imist jtprfcrr wpaimn e\«r placed in
tbe luituldof (do n|w>rrsiuaii. The ..j*eiungof this gun cock* it
?S?.» »»*E« i h S«m^; r *A "Ilmm vVf J
ltiflea, from 13 guineas. “ fbc (inn “.If tile Pen A'," whwvSr
■howii, lias alwa>« taken honour*. Why buy from Dealers
».m n J 0 , Ua,n ,m,f tUv l‘ rirp lD»m the Maker? Am-
HIMRODS
CURE i ASTHMA
Established nearly quarter of a century.
1 by th« Medical Faculty throughout th« world.
“ ““ ~ou without any after bad
It b u**l u ao InhaiatloD*
effect*.
Among the thonaaod* of t«
be read with in-
** Th« only relict
1 could ret-" .. " If I had known
—Lord BeaconBfield
JlaUteiMMMb).
■ HIMROU-8 CUR? u7bi In ikirti “It
.toJi.w-Emily Faithful).
Thu lean excellent r medr ft.r nsthmn."
,, , —Sir Morell Mackenzie.
(In bli clinical lecture a* thu London Uorbital and
Madioal College).
" I hare naod all r*iw4l«-HIMnOD , S CURE fa the
beat. It never fal'ed. ,H _
, -Oliver Wendell Holmes.
Trial eampTee free hr port. In Tlnx at 4a M,
Brllfah Depot—4fi, llolWn \laducf, Iv«n<lon.
Dd aUo of h'vwbrry * f^nn. llarclae A Son, Lynch A
KINAHAN’S
LL
WHISKY.
, |IvRkvs§-
it°h bnxih ®* reqalr ^‘ A pp I,ed '
I With Sponge auacnea to
cort Oir®. a brilliant polish .•
equal to patent lcather.toBoots,
SCOTT'S EMITLSM
With Hypopho fphites^f^LL ^^ny^da
PALATABLE AS Mil w
The only preparation of COD LIVER OIL thm U t u ■
- A * A WWWKPY FOB £or a ,on « time.
£v™.k. ^Kv E «Ar»inriTi7v-r^
H Ajl.SO IIIHOK PERM OF 4.'HI I. Ilf KM ...
SOLD 4y6.
ROUGHNESS, REDNESS, CHAPS, &c.,
13 ALMOST MAGICAL,
and by its use THE SKIN in rendered
SOFT, SMOOTH, AND WHITE,
DRUG
ig lie;
rKI’LLV C
If u
hr, ir will in
r Dane
(KSDING.
rfeetly llarmlru.
■'aEETHAM S " is the only genuine.
BEWARE OF INJURIOUS IMITATIONS.
Bottles, Is., 2s. 6d., of all Chemists and Perfumers.
M. BF.F.THAM and SON, ChemlatH. CHELTENHAM.
BLAIR’S
GOUT
AND
RHEUMATIC
PILLS.
The GREAT REMEDY
for .GOUT, RHEUM¬
ATISM, SCIATICA,
LUMBAGO,
and NEURALGIA.
The acute pain is quickly
relieved, and cured In a
few days by this celebrated
Medicine.
These Pills, which arc
perfectly harmless, require
no restraint of diet dnhnp
their use, and are certain to
prevent the disease attack¬
ing any vital part. Sold by
nil Chemists at Is. I$d. and
POWELL’S
BALSAM
OF
ANISEED,
THE SUREST COUGH MEDICINE.
TRY IT.
Persons who suffer from a Chronic
F i.AMM.vroitY Condition of the mucous membra
jx*ri(xlioally assuming an acute mqiect, la the form
cough, Catarrh, Bronchitis, and Asthma, ^
Und PowellTi Balsam ok Axisekd a friend imlc
■sold by all Chemists throughout tho World, Is. lid. i
2s. 3d. per Bottle. See Trade Mark—"Lion, Not, f
Mouse.” Established 70 years.
KROPP. RAZOR
| Certain I HARNESS’| Cure.
ELECTR0PATH1C BELT l
Ladies’ Ailments
|.|lli,|il,li<l * Aalvln- rn-p
Only Allure,,.
LONDON, W.
152, OXFORD STtaScrifci
I < iilll<>.<li,,.ir|)u!.>iblu.iirwriteaf pare
1.OXD0K: Printed and Pubmheil »t tho omcc, 198, Stnuul, in the Pariah of St. Ptoment ^
_ 0 St - CtemtIlt U “ Q5> ' °>« County of Uiddlesex, by Lvoiiam Buutuuhs, m, Strand,
nforesaiil.—B atubdai, Novbmdkk ir, less.
THERES MANY A SLIP BETWEEN THE CUP AND THE LIP.
J3v flivieRE, fi-A-
I
A Fenian Witness.
Witnesses,
Wit Tie.
Lady Mount m or rc
v Vyu
H'
ra \(*ri' ySOk yfi' ill
p*jl
\wBrm%% SB
COG
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 24, 1888
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
In the New York Snpreme Court the question of “ IVh.lt's in
a name” has been settled—and quite rightly—in a contrary
sense to that of Shakspeare's reply to it. A roso by any other
name may smell as sweet, but a literary work does not sell so
well signed by an ordinary name as one which has that of a
popular author below it. Such a fortunate person, it seems,
in America, is one .Mr. Halsey, who adopted for his pseudonym
the title of “ Old Sleuth.” accompanied by a woodcut of an
ancient countryman intended to represent a detective in
disguise. This addition is a novelty in letters. If I had
to begin my own time again I should dearly like to bo
pictorially represented. Nothing characteristic of my present
appearance would, 1 fear, prove very attractive. It would bo
(nlinoet,) ridiculous to adopt Phmbus Apollo, or even Hyacinth
“ with nymphs "—as the picture catalogues hare it—for my
literary trade-mark. The very best I can think of would bo
an ancient citizen (certainly not countryman) fi with gout
flying about him," and even that has a touch of Kensal-green,
or, at all events, of the New-road, in it. However, Mr. Halsey
was very well satisfied with his “ Old Sleuth," and, moreover,
so pleased his readers that an enterprising publisher thought
it worth while to issue a whole volume of “ Old Sleuth"
stories (written by somebody else) without his leave or license.
It is good to read the remarks of the Chief Justice upon this
“ high-handed outrage " (not in Utica but in the Empire City
itself), and satisfactory to find that acts of literary piracy
committed by one citizen upon another ore not looked on in
tho United States in the same light ns when committed on
aliens. There are, it seems, the germs of justice there, though
it cannot Ire said to grow with the celerity of mustard seed,
so as to overshadow the earth.
The times in which we are told our young men shall see
visions, and our old men dream dreams, have (as might
naturally he expected) been anticipated by a female scientist
of renown, hailing from the Great Republic. Anna Bonus
Kingsford, M.D.. of Paris, President of the Hermetic Society—
an unknown institution to me, but presumably one that objects
to too much ventilation ; in which case it has my sympathy—
and author of " The Perfect Way in Diet,” has been publishing
her dreams. In her role of 11 Medical Man ” (or whatever may
be its female synonym) she is, of course, free to dream ns
much as she likes; but in the character of story-teller, in
which she also appears, I think it a grievance which
affects the whole literary profession. Our work is hard enough
as it is, without our having to contend with a rival who has
only to go to sleep to produce romances. It is an attribute
that turns the whole question of literary production topsy¬
turvy. “ A little more Blumber, a little more folding of the
hands to sleep," used to be destruction to it: but the longer
Dr. Anna Bonus Kingsford sleeps, the more work she produces.
The old injury to labour caused by the introduction of
machinery sinks into insignificance compared with this
amazing gift of hers. She considers that her "abstinence
from flesh meats during the last fifteen years" lias something
to do with it. I hope she will remain under that conviction ;
for, considering wbat she dreams under the influence of “ butter,
cheese, eggs, and milk’only, I tremble to think what tremendous
stories—throwing Messrs. StevenBon and Haggard altogether
into the shade—she would turn out if she took to pork chops
for supper. Even now she can dream pretty much os she likes by
altering her habitat. In her own residence (thank Heaven !)
she confesses that she does not possess this power in its
highest perfection, the situation being “ too flat and humid" ;
but when she goes to Paris or Switzerland “ the necessary mag¬
netic or psychic tension " never fails to exert itself; before
many weeks have elapsed her " diary is once more rich with
the record of her nightly visions,” and then she begins to send
them to the magazines. As to Terse, like Coleridge, she has
never been able to write a complete poem out of dreamland ;
her memory always fails her after a certain amount of
rhymes, “ however luminous and recent was the impression
on her mind." This I exceedingly regret. I wish she could
produce whole epics which would occupy her entire slumbers,
and leave no time for the stories which she dreams with such
fatal facility, and which handicap to such cruel disadvantage
her fellow-labourers in the field of fiction. In her recently
published “ Dreams and Dream Stories " there are no less than
thirty-two of them. I trust this gifted lady is now at home,
and will remain there.
A good deal of dreaming has been done by scientific persons,
but always when they have been awake. The only example I
can call to mind of a real dream coming to anything practical,
In cither art or science, was that which happened to Dr.
L'hladin, the inventor of the ouphon. The harmonica was the
popular instrument in his time, by which sounds were pro¬
duced by rubbing glass tubes in a straight line with a wet
finger; and he felt confident that a better music conld be
obtained by rubbing them circularly. For years he cogitated
how to make this improvement, bnt without success. “ On
Juno 2," however. “ 178!), being tired with walking, he went
to sloop in his arm-chair, and scarcely hod he closed his eyes
when tho image of just such an instrument as he wished for
seemed to present itself before him, and he awoke as if he had
been struck by an electric shock." He made at once a series
of experiments on the lines thus suggested to him, which
resulted in the production of the euphon, which cat out the
harmonica altogether.
“The Weather-Plant and the Earthquake” has now become
a froquent newspaper heading, and reminds one of the titles
of the old fables, or those to be found in Mr. Bumand's
shunning version of “ Sandford and Merton." It is not a
fnlilc. of course ; but I notice that the weather-plant has got
into the second stage of scientific repute. In the first, a
novelty of this kind is always described as one of the greatest
discoveries of tho age; in the second, it is decidedly less
extraordinary; and in the third, it is no discovery at all, bnt
was very well known (under another name) to our grand¬
mothers. It is now asserted that the prescience of this interest¬
ing plant is uninfluenced by the atmosphere at any distance of
time or place, and merely arises from " the immediate habitat
in which it may be at the moment." It might, in fact—after
all the crowing about it—be almost called a weather-cock.
Still—to be just—how similar is the conduct of this depreciated
vegetable to that of the animal Mon ! He is affected by wbat
is near to him, but not at oil by things remote—not even
by earthquakes : and hie “behaviour varies ”—(if he dwells in
a glass-house, like tho weather-plant, for instance, he dares
not throw stones)—“according to the special conditions in
which he lives."
The case of Michael Brnnnagan and Peter Murphy, aged
respectively forty-four and twenty-one at tittime of their trial,
but imprisoned for the last nino years (as it would seem)
unjustly, promises to be a ratter celebre. No one who has had
the misfortune to be in the jury-box—a situation only less,
deplorable than that of being in the dock—at any criminal
trial will probably have failed to hear the Judge remark that
" circumstantial evidence is really more to be depended upon
than direct, because all suspicion of malice is excluded, Ac." The
observation iscertainlynotnew,butitisquitetruc. The proverb
“Murder will out" is almost universally accepted; but there
are a hundred murders undiscovered for two wrongful con¬
victions upon circumstantial evidence. They are very rare
indeed, and when it is attempted to give instances—just as
people exclaim “Pitt” or “Kean” to illustrate the fable of
hereditary genius—everyone cries “Jonathan Bradford,” and
generally stops there.
The gentleman who lay drunk in the street with his sword
beside him, which another, quarrelling with a friend, snatched
up, and passing it through his body left it there and took to
his heels, is another favourite illustration. The famous case
before Lord Justice Dwyer, where the foreman of the jury
saves the prisoner from the gallows by starving out the other
eleven because he happens to be the man who committed the
murder (a justifiable bomicido, though it didn’t look like it)
himself, is another. The details are most dramatic. The
Judge’s warning to the jury that unless they found the prisoner
guilty “ the blood of the murdered man would lie at their
doors" ; the prisoner’s averment that ho had no witnesses, and
his observation, on acquittal, “ You sec, my Lord, that God
and a good conscience are the best witnesses" ; and the
subsequent statement of the true state of tho case, by the
foreman to the Judge, in confidence, are most interesting
reading. Again, the son who was hanged, for the murder of his
father with a hammer, chiefly on the evidence of his foot¬
prints, which were really those of his sister, who had worn
his shoes for that very purpose, and was tho homicide herself.
And, finally, the terrible miscarriage of justice in the case of
William Shaw, over whose felon's grave in Edinburgh “ a pair
of colours ’’ was ordered to be waved by a repentant Magis¬
tracy in token of his innocence, and “ to make reparation to
his memory and his surviving relations."
When one has called to mind these incidents—all of long
ago—there only remain a few more to add to them from the
whole annals of crime. But when a mistake has been made, and
supposing it can be remedied—and in these days, so far as I
can gather, only one case has been irremediable—it certainly
seems monstrous if nothing but “the Queen's pardon "(as if
it were the Victoria Cross 1) is given to tho unhappy victim of
judicial error. Would that recompense you, most innocent
reader, or me, for nine years of wrongful punishment and
exclusion from all human joys—down to tobacco 1 I trow not.
The public pay for a good many legal mistakes with mar¬
vellously little grumbling, and they ought to pay for a mistake
of this kind handsomely, and without grumbling at all.
A Lord Mayor’s feast is a great spectacle, and should not be
missed by anyone who has the opportunity of partaking of it,
and to whom the varieties of human life are interesting; bnt
ns a dinner—well, some of us have had better ones. It is,
indeed, impossible that a really good dinner can be provided
for 800 persons—which I read was the number of guests enter¬
tained at the Guildhall on the last Lord Mayor’s day—or for
400, or perhaps even for 100. “ The more the merrier, the
fewer the better cheer," is a proverb, the former part of which
is very questionable, but the latter undeniably true. For good
cheer and good talk eight is, in fact, tho greatest number of
our fellow-creatnres that should be set down to any dinner-
table. But the bill-of-farc at tho Mansion House is interesting
in itself from the mere magnitude of it: “ 700 quarts of turtle
soup, 100 turkeys, 250 fowls, 200 dishes of game,” and so on.
Also the exceptional paucity of some things (doubtless for
culinary reasons), such as “ two turbot,” which, as a provision
for S00 guests, seems to trench upon the miraculous. Funniest
of all, though there are “ 50 pine-apples and 250 lb. of gropes,”
there are no nuts. Can no one guess why ? Well, then, I will
tell yon. The oracking of nuts disturbs the after-dinner oratory.
The accusations of the wholesome literature societies against
“ highwayman stories ” are, no doubt, well founded, though I
think they arc exaggerated. The natures that are attracted by
the violent delights of robbery and manslaughter are not
imaginative, nor given to literature of any kind. Stories which
treat of actual vice, though disgusting to cultured minds, are
very attractive (however well-meaning folk may maunder to
the contrary) to coarse ones; but crime, in my opinion, is
under very small obligations to letters. It ought, of coarse, to
be under none at all; but the steps taken by tho societies in
question to prevent it are, to say the truth, not calculated to
effect their object. The “ pure literature” they furnish is'of
such a very milk-and-watery character that, so far from winning
readers from their pabulum of lawless peril, it attracts no one.
One is almost tempted to say of it what the poet sang of the
aesthetic lover of sunflowers, that "if bo's oontent with a
vegetable love, it will certainly not do for me ! " It is surely
possible to bo moral, and yet not so deadly dull, 'i he same
difficulty seems to obstruct the success of the teetotallers.
They exclaim, “ No alcohol 1 ” but the drinks they offer in
place of it are all of them more or less sickly and distasteful,
and too much like “ the excellent substitutes for butter at
breakfast.” If a drink conld be concocted with no spirit in it,
but which was really attractive to the palate, half the tem¬
perance battle would be won. Why is not a reward offered for
its discovery 1 Similarly, why do not the pure literature
societies, instead of 'producing stories which remind one of the
immortal parody upon Hans Christian Andersen (“ And lo, in
the morning, the foot of the peasant had trodden on the flower
that the child had planted upon his mother's ancle's grave ”),
get Mr. Stevenson, or somebody (No, my cynical friend; “ Terms
will not be sent on application to supply them with Btorics
for the masses that shall be pure as snow, but not so soft and
cold, and with a fine flavour of adventure in them l
THE COURT.
The Queen, accompanied by Princess Beatrice with Prince
Alexander Albert and the infant Princess of Battenberg, and
Princess Alice and the young Duke of Albany, arrived at
Windsor Castle on Nov. 16 from Balmoral. The Queen held a
Council on tho 17th at Windsor Castle. The Ministers attend¬
ing included Lord Cranbrook and Lord Lathom, with Mr.
Lennox Peel, the Clerk of the Council. The Queen and Princess
Beatrice drove out in the afternoon, attended by the Dowager
Duchess of Roxburghe, and honoured the Dowager Lady
Churchill with a visit, at Coppins, near Ivcr. The Marquis
and Marchioness of Salisbury arrived at Windsor Castle, and
had the honour of dining with her Majesty. The Hon. Lady
Biddulph had the honour of being invited. Lord Salisbury
had an audience of the Queen after dinner. On Sunday morn¬
ing, the 18th. her Majesty and the Royal family, and the
members of the Royal household, attended Divine service in the
private chapel. The Very Rev. the Dean of Windsor officiated.
The Qnecn left Windsor CaBtle on the morning of the 19th,
accompanied by Princess Louise and Prince and Princess
Henry of Battenberg, and proceeded by train to Port Victoria,
where her Majesty went on board the Victoria and Albert
yacht to receive the Empress Frederick and the Imperial Prin¬
cesses. The Queen and Prince of Wales, with the Empress
Frederick and the Imperial Princesses, then proceeded by
train to Windsor and drove to the castle. The Empress
Frederick and her three youngest daughters left Berlin early
on the previous day for Flushing. The Emperor William
accompanied his mother to the station, where he took a very
cordial and affectionate leave of her. The Daily Telegraph's
correspondent says :—“ The parting between mother and son
was of the warmest description. Kaiser William kissed his
Imperial mother’s hand as be received her on the platform,
arid then her cheeks no less than five times. Their Majesties
repeatedly embraced one another before the train started."
The Empress and her three daughters reached Flushing shortly
after ten at night, and immediately embarked on board the
British Royal yacht Victoria and Albert, which had arrived,
with the Prince of Wales on board, in tho morning. The
vessel left at twenty minutes past eleven for Port Victoria.
We give on another page a Portrait of the Empress Frederick
and an Illustration of the landing of her Imperial Majesty at
Port Victoria.
The Prince of Wales concluded his visit to Derbyshire on
Nov. 15. In the morning his Royal Highness, accompanied
by Lord Hindlip, left Doveridge Hall for Burton-on-Trent for
the purpose of inspecting Messrs. Allsopp s brewery. The
Prince was loyally received in Burton. He then proceeded to
Derby, and joined the 2.50 train for London. The Prince,
accompanied by Prince George (who had arrived from Athens
in the morning), left Marlborough House on Saturday evening,
the 17th, and embarked at Port Victoria for Flushing, to meet
the Empress Frederick.—The Princess of Wales, Prince Albert
Victor, and Princess Victoria of Wales arrived, at Copenhagen
on the 14th. to take part in the Jubilee festivities. They were re¬
ceived at the rail way-station by the Queen of Denmark, the Crown
Princess, Princess Marie, and the Czarewitch. The members
of the British Legation and Baron Mohrenheim were also pre¬
sent. The festivities at Copenhagen were brought to a close by a
ball held in the Casino on Tuesday evening, the 19th. The
guests numbered about 1000, and included the Ministers, the
members of the Diplomatic Body, all the principal officials,
and the elite of Copenhagen society. At ten o’clock the Royal
family and their illustrious gnests entered the ball-room, tho
Prinoess of Wales being conducted by the Czarewitch, and
Princess Victoria of Wales by the Crown Prince of Denmark.
After an overture by the orchestra the King opened the ball
with the Princess of Wales.
The annual return of the London Scottish Volunteers for
18.98 shows that under the altered conditions of the capitation
grant the corps possesses 776 officers and men earning the full
allowance of 85s. a year. The Queen’s Westminster have 852,
the London Rifle Brigade 672, the Artists 756, the Post-Office
799, the London Irish 816, and the Inns of Court 219. All the
returns, with the exception of the Irish, are below those of
last year, when the easier musketry terms were in force.
The latest wonder of Regent-street is the sign of the “ Arts
and Crafts Exhibition Society," which hangs from a splendid
pole over the rather obscure entrance to the New Gallery. It
will be recognised at once as the work of the president. Walter
Crane. A winged figure, upon one side, the Society’s Evangel,
heralds the union of Art and Craft. On the other, the Artist
and Craftsman (the two being so slightly distinguished as to
avoid all possibility of offence to the latter) strike hands
upon a vow of friendship. The Exhibition closes on Dec. 1.
The author of “ Hartas Maturin,” a novel reviewed by us on
Nov. 10, asks us to correct an “error”—we should rather say.
a misapprehension of his purpose—which could only have
arisen from the obscure and equivocal construction of the
story. Our summary description of the central point of the
imaginary situation was this :—“ Dr. Maturin has murdered
his first wife ; and immediately on her death, the soul of tins
woman has become the soul of a new-born female infant,
belonging to another family.” The novelist, Mr. H. F. Lester,
tells us now that he did not speak of this transmigration of
souls “ as a fact.” Nor did he sponk of the murder of tho
doctor’s wife “ as a fact ”; it is all imagination, of course,
alike the natural and the supernatural incident*. But the
vision by which the young lady, eighteen years afterwards,
experiences what happened to her predecessor, is related in the
manner of ordinary narrative ; and the reader is supplied, by
an eloquent Spiritualist prophet, with a theory of “ re-incarna¬
tion,” to explain how and why sho had suoh a vision or second-
sight. Mr. Lester says, “ A scientific explanation of the even ts
in the book is also given " ; but wo have failed to find it. and do
not understand how any supposed incidents which arc not
facts, but mere fancies, can ever be scientifically explained.
NOV. 24, 1888
TDE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW-S
607
THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION.
The Court of Inquiry held by Sir James Hannan, Mr. Justice
Day, and Mr. Justice Smith, the Judges under the Special Com¬
mission appointed to examine the charges of the Times against
Mr. Parnell and other members of the House of Commons,
associated with the Irish Land League and the Irish National
League, has continued its sittings at the Royal Courts of
Justice. The Attorney-General, Sir Richard Webster, and Sir
Henry James have called more witnesses, and they have been
cross-examined by Sir Charles Russeli, Mr. Lockwood, and
other Counsel, and by Mr. T. Harrington, Mr. Davitt, and Mr.
Biggar, who appear in person. At the sitting on Friday,
Nov. IB, the proofs of murders and other crimes and outrages
in Galway being exhausted for the present, the Court pro¬
ceeded to investigate those which were perpetrated in Kerry.
One of the witnesses from Galway was Lady Mountmorres,
widow of the unfortunate nobleman who was cruelly murdered
on Sept. 25, 1880, in the neighbourhood of his residence, Ebor
Hall, near Cong, owing to the machinations, as is alleged, of the
Clonbur branch of the Land League. Her Ladyship’s Portrait
is given among our Artist's Sketches in Court, which present
also those of some other Galway witnesses, average types of
the farmers and peasantry, and of the process-servers and Irish
Constabulary. The circumstantial narratives of cruel murders
by shooting, and of midnight visits to lonely farm-houses,
where the tenants were dragged from their beds, savagely
kicked and beaten, and usually shot in the legs, for disobeying
the orders of the Land League, have a horrible sameness, these
outrages being apparently regulated by a set of rules, or “ Plan
of Campaign,” which prevailed over wide districts of the
country. Those who were shot in the legs had, in some in¬
stances, to have a limb amputated, and were maimed for life.
On Tnesday, Nov. 20, in the Kerry examinations, one witness
was Miss Lizzie Curtin, daughter of the unfortunate tenant of
Castle Farm, near Tralee, who was killed on the night of
Nov. 13, 1885 ; she described also the inhuman persecution
since endured by herself and her sisters. In addition to Galway
and Kerry, five other counties of Ireland, where crimes and
outrages have prevailed, are to be made the snbject of inquiry.
THE ALBERT HALL, JEYPORE, INDIA.
This noble edifice has been built for the Maharajah of Jeypore,
entirely under the superintendence and from the designs of
Colonel Swinton Jacob, R.A., having been the work of many
years. It is of white marble, and the exterior and interior
pillars, walls, and screens arc enriched with carvings of
marvellous beauty. It is worthy of note that every piece of
carving is different and unique, and that for each carving a
number of various designs were modelled of full size, so as to
judge of the effect when completed, and the most beautiful of
them were then selected to be sculptured in the pure white
marble by the intelligent native workmen. For years past a
band of draughtsmen have been employed in making designs
for this purpose from the carvings of most exquisite art which
adorn the famous architectural monuments of India, those of
Delhi having yielded by far the richest store of examples.
Many recent travellers in Rajpootann have admired these
designs, which, now that the scaffoldings are down, stand
revealed in all their beauty; also the white marble domes
which crown the ball, giving it a peculiarly Oriental effect.
The opening ceremonial took place when the Political Agent,
Colonel Walton, went down in State from Mount Abu to
invest the Maharajah with the insignia of the Grand Cross of
the Star of India, and ail the city of Jeypore was en f6te. A
grand Durbar was held in the new Albert Hall; and next day
there was a State dinner in the principal hall of the building,
followed by an elaborate nantch, with the electric light, and
by a grand display of fireworks in the pretty gardens in front
of the building. The road from the Residency to the city, for
a mile aod a half, was illuminated by yellow Chinese lanterns,
hanging from the trees, looking juBt like pendant golden
fruits ; while all the terraces and prominent parts of the
Albert Hall were gaily ornamented with tulip-shaped illumin¬
ated paper lanterns. The whole was like a scene out of fairy¬
land ; and a lady visitor has sent us a photograph of the
building.
THE NEW DEAN OF CHICHESTER.
The Tory Rev. Francis Pigou, D.D.. who has succeeded Dr. J.
5V. Bnrgon in the deanery of Chichester, was educated at
Trinity College, Dublin, and was ordained in 1856. He has
been Vicar of Halifax, Yorkshire, and Rural Dean, since 1875,
and held an honorary canonry in the Chapter of Ripon
Cathedral; he was also one of the Queen's Chaplains, and
Chaplain to the 2nd West York Yeomanry Cavalry and to the
RiBe Volunteers. He is the author of several volumes of
sermons and theological treatises, the most recent being “ A
Manual of Confirmation."
Mr. Beecham, the well-known proprietor of Beecham's
Pills, has issned this year a Christmas annual, one of the most
extraordinary penny publications ever issned. Tales by first-
class anthers like “ Ouidn," Jessie Fothergill, George R. Sims,
R. E. Francillon, R. M. Ballantyne, G. Monville Fenn, and
others, appear ; and a new quadrille is given.
OPENING OF THE NEW ALBERT HALL, AT JEYPORE, INDIA.
THE SILENT MEMBER,
rhe joint action of England and Germany in a strong endeavour
to suppress the Slave-trade in East African waters did not
escape comment when the House of Lords met on Tnesday, the
Twentieth of November. There was no absolute necessity to
refer to it. The Prime Minister so clearly and amply ex¬
plained this international arrangement, in reply to Lord
Harrowby’s thoughtfal interpellation, at the reopening of the
Session, that there was really nothing to add. But Earl
Granville felt it due to his position as Leader of the Opposition
in the Lords to hint that all was not smooth sailing
with regard to the negotiations with France as to
the right of search—a point on which Lord Salisbury
returned a satisfactory answer. Then, again, the Earl
of Danraven, his zeal unexhausted in the “ Sweating ”
Commission, deemed it incumbent on him to practically repeat
the warning note to Lord Harrowby respecting the possible
danger of military operations in East Africa. In his admir¬
ably lucid and cogent style, Lord Salisbury convinced their
Lordships that this country would confine itself to naval
operations in East African waters.
Beneath the apparently placid demeanour of cherubic
Baron Halsbury there lurks a pugilistic force of character
which induced the Lord Chancellor, on this same Twentieth of
November, to rise and lustily defend himself from the
accusations of nepotism brought against him in the
Commons by Lord Randolph Churchill, in the debate
on the Court of Judicature vote. With respect to the general
question of the administration of the Royal Coarts of Justice,
it may here be said that, though some sinecures may exist, the
undoubted services rendered to the public by the efficient staff,
and rendered, too, with a readiness and politeness that might
well be emulated in other Civil Service offices, have not re¬
ceived their due meed of recognition in Parliament. Lord
Halsbury Had no difficulty in furnishing a common-sense
reason for his appointments ; and Lord Esher and Lord Cole-
«idge loyally supported the Lord Chanoellor.
The illness of Mr. Bright and Mr. Arthur Balfour has occa¬
sioned anxiety and regret; but, happily, good reports as to the
progress of both right hon. gentlemen were forthcoming when
we went to press. The death of Colonel Duncan, one of the
most estimable of Conservative members, has been generally
deplored.
The absence of Mr. Balfour during the debate on the five
millions vote (regrettable though the cause was) undeniably
denuded the discussion of some of its anticipated vivacity, for
it deprived Mr. Gladstone of the excitement and baiting
requisite for a thoroughly lively retort. But it was soon
evident that Mr. Gladstone retained all his old power of
drawing a full House. For the first time this autumn the
House of Commons was full on Monday, the Nineteenth of
November. Peers and strangers crowded their respective
galleries. The gallery facing the Opposition side was lined
with hon. members, whose gaze was fixed npon the pale,
deeply-lined resolute face of the veteran Leader, who, within a
twelvemonth of his eightieth year, is still in the possession of the
best of health, mental and physical, and whose eloquent voice
was never clearer than it was that afternoon. Fresh from his
Paddington panegyric of the Ministry and all its works, and
not discomfited in the least by Mr. Smith's response that the
Public Prosecutor would not commence criminal action against
the unmasked offenders of the Metropolitan Board of Works,
Lord Randolph Churchill snugly curled himself up and
industriously curled his moustache in his corner seat behind
the Treasury bench. The Marquis of Hartington, hat drawn
down over his head, as usual, was driven by Sir George
Trevelyan to the very verge of the front Opposition bench.
Mr. Labouchere, Mr. Bradlaugb, and a strong gathering of
Irish members were among the most expectant of Mr. Glad¬
stone's large andience. It devolved npon the Solicitor-
General for Ireland to introduce the Bill to facilitate
the purchase of land in Ireland by increasing the grant applic¬
able for that purpose by five millions sterling. Mr. Gladstone,
wjio expressed his regret at Mr. Balfour's nbBenoe and at its
cause, was in his best vein. The gist of his amendment was
that, in lieu of granting the £5,000,000, the Land Courts
should be empowered to “ reduce or cancel the arrears of rent
found to be excessive, after the example of the legislation
recently and beneficially applied to crofters' holdings in Scot¬
land." Mr. Gladstone’s energy was extraordinary, his delivery
exceptionally forcible. In the course of a long speech (to which
,JIr. Goschen had no difficulty in replying in a cogent and
logical argument), Mr. Gladstone ironically twitted Lord
Hartington with his alliance with Lord Salisbury, and
roused the enthusiasm of the Homo Rulers by his earnest
appeal to the Government to avert “the lamentable
sufferings caused by recent evictions." The most notable
feature of the second and concluding night's discussion was
the smart triangular duel between the Marquis of Hartington,
on the one side, and Mr. Dillon and Mr. John Morley on the
other. In the division, with the aid of its Liberal Unionist
wing, the Government scored a majority of 84—330 against
246 votes.
The Christmas Number of our illustrated contemporaries
have made their appearance. The Lady's Pictorial contains
a story by Mr. Oscar Wilde, “The Young King." with designs
by Mr. J. Bernard Partridge : “ Glenlogie," by Helen Mathers ;
“ For Whose Sake ’ ” by John Strange Winter ; and other
tales, by Mrs. Edward Kennard and Ella Hepworth Dixon; with
verses by Mr. Clement Scott. The coloured picture, “ Lady¬
love," is a copy of a beautiful painting by V. Carcos ; and
Louis Wain supplies n party of cats ou a merry-go-round.
“ Holly Leaves,” the Christmas publication of the Illustratid
Sporting and Dramatic Notes, presents much literary enter¬
tainment, and is accompanied by a coloured picture after
Sir J. E. Millais' “ Pnnchinella." Messrs. Cassell's Christmas
annual, called “ Yuletide,” carries with it a large oil-colour
print of the well-known picture, “At Last,” by Mr. Arthur
Stocks, with two smaller pictures, by Thomas Boys, and a
school-room of cats, “ Miss Tabby’s Academy,” by Loais Wain.
The Pictorial World Christmas Number has a large snpple-
rnent printed in oil-colours, entitled “Shall I carry yon J"
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, N
THE EARL OF ONSLOW, K.C.M.G.
ALFRED EARLE, D.D.
ZEALAND.
THE NEW BISHOP OF GUILDFORD.
rhc Right Rev. Alfred Earle, D.D., who has been appointed a
•oa.lji.tor to the Bishop of London (with the title ot Bishop
,f Gnikirord), and also Rector of St. Michael a, Cornhill, was
slucated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford, where he obtained atusby
icholorship; he was ordained in 1858 by the Bishop of Salts*
jury (Dr. Hamilton). His first curacy was that of bt.
Edmund's, Salisbury ; in 1863 he was instituted to the
rectory of Monckton Farleigh, Milts, and in 18(i5 to the
vicarage of West AWington, Devonshire. He was appointed a
Prebendary of Exeter and Archdeacon of Totnes in 1872, and
Examining Chaplain to the Bishop of Exeter in 1879. In 1885
he was momoted to a canonry in Exeter Cathedral.
;t was
iny of Onslow in 1716: the first
lyor of London in 1649, and th
erred upon him at the restoration o
jf this family, in the eighteenth c<
shed in Parliamentary life and Minister!
ipeaker of the House of Commons from
nit Lord On-low was educated at Eton,
Jxford, succeeded to the Peerage in 1
minted a Lord-in-Waiting of the Queer
cried to a daughter of the late Lord Gat
Idren, the eldest, Lord Cranley, being tv
THE EARL OF ONSLOW
The Colony of New Zealand has certainly c
probably no disposition, to object, like the Austn
of Queensland, to the recent nomination of a
behalf of her Majesty the Queen. Lord Onslow
since February, 1887, the useful post of Unde
State for the Colonies in the Administration of L<
and that department has been conducted by h
Knutsford. and by himself, in a manner ver
to our Colonial fellow - subjects. The Rig
William Hillier Onslow, Bart., Knight of
and St. George, fourth Earl of OnBlow, was 1
1853, son of George Augustus Cranley, who
of the Hon. Thomas Cranley, second son
Viscount Cranley and Earl of Onslow ; he is
nephew to his immediate predecessor, Ai
third Earl of Onslow, who died without st
issue in 1870. The earldom was created
ial offices, and
1727 to 1761.
and at Christ
The annual Chi
veil tour through parts of
inecs, and Bengal, prior to
asion.
W. L. Abingdon.
(Mr. Henry Neville and Minn Mary Rorke).
SCENE FROM “ HA$*D8 ACR088 THE SEA
SAFE IN A HUSBAND'S KEEPING 1
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 24, 1888 —COO
J1AIDAN, TUB STRONGHOLD OP THE HOSTILE TRIBES, DESTROYED BY THE FOURTH COLUMN, OCT. 13.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION: SKETCHES BY CAPTAIN R. S. MACLEOD, FOURTH COLUMN HAZARA FIELD-FORCE.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
LIEUTENANT
,'SSEX IlEOIMEXT (T11IUD COLUMN UAZABA FIELD-POBCE),
NOV. 24, 188S
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
Cll
THE PLAYHOUSES.
Mr. George Manville Fenn. indefatigable and industrious man,
who has been steadily working these twenty-five years past on
journals and novels and plays, and who, so far aB we know, has
never written one line or sentiment that he or anyone else
would regret, finds in Mr. J. H. Darnley a pleasant partner. They
succeeded well enough with “The Barrister ’: they have suc¬
ceeded even better with “ The Balloon," a wild specimen of hearty,
wholesome, and good-humoured extravagance that happily
will bring the authors of it fame, credit, and capital. The new-
farcical play has been tried at a matinee at Terry's Theatre,
and it made the audience laugh so heartily one dull November
afternoon that it is pretty sure to be put up at some good
theatre and with a capital cast. It would suit Mr. Charles
Wyndham or Mr. Charles Hawtrey ; for the leading character,
a young doctor who thinks he has accidentally poisoned his
prospective mother-in-law, is a rattling part, containing some
admirably-written speeches. At the matinee Mr. Charles
Glenney, Mr. Charles Groves, Miss Gabrielle Goldney, Miss
Susie Vaughan, and Miss Florence Wood all did well, and the
play only wants a little expansion to fit it into an evening pro¬
gramme. The best of it is that honest fun is here associated
with innocent intention. Playgoers must get sick of the married
man who goes on the spree, becomes an amateur rake, and
returns repentant to the bosom of his family. Farcical
comedies require a new motive and fresh treatment, and both
Mr. Fenn and Mr. Darnley have proved that they can be bright
and amusing without having recourse to rank stupidity or
low vulgarity.
Whilst on this subject it may be well to revert to a senseless
farce called “That Telegram," recently produced at the Globe,
which illustrates the want of respect for the stage and its
mission shown by Borne irresponsible authors. Mr. Sapte,
junior, thinks it funny to show us a self-indulgent, conceited
prig, who deceives the wife who loves him, and chuckles at
the idea of carrying on a clandestine correspondence with an
abandoned woman. That a thorough-paced scoundrel can
hoodwink the woman who trusts him and not be found ont is
the humorous idea of Mr. Sapte’s farce. In point of fact there
is no fun in it whatever. lie takes the vulgar exceptions of
accepted morality and placards them as the truth. He does
»o t hold the mirror up to Nature, but a cracked looking-glass
up to vicionsness. His moral is : “ Go it, you boys : deceive,
cheat, and break hearts, but do not be found out! Tell a lie
and stick to it." Now, in the opinion of many people all this is
not funny but exactly the reverse. To chaff at sin on the stage
is to condone cruelty. No one objects to strayings from the path
of virtue on the stage as illustrations of modern life; it would
be ridiculous to write farces or any plays whatever if nobody
erred : but it is inconceivably vicious when the gay dogs do
not repent, or when the deceived women do not forgive. To
quote Shakspeare as a precedent for the new school of drama¬
tists who paint life, not as it is, but as they distort it, is a
piece of impertinence. It is not nature to be gratuitously
offensive and cruel to good women : and to make it ont fnnny
to deceive and not to be found out, is to distort nature. It
is argued that no serious moral exists in farce. Rubbish !
Whatever we put before the public, farce or tragedy, travels
to the mind and leaves there an impression, good or evil. Is
it, after all, a clever thing to tell young rakes how they may
easily deceive their wives and go scatheless—in fact, how
funny it is to trick a confiding woman ? But, in this case, the
farce is as ill-written as it is low-toned.
Surely it is not taking too high a ground to protect the
singe as far as possible from the corrnption of vulgarity
that is creeping into its very soul.’ We do not want all the
thoughtful people to leave the theatre and band it over
to unprincipled smartness or unadulterated rowdiness. At
the Strand, for instance, has been produced a burlesque
wholly indefensible in tone and idea. It is considered
funny there to caricature existing turf characters on the
stage, and to turn Mr. C. H. Fox, M. Alias, and Mr.
Clarkson, the wig-makers and costumiers, into the Gilrays
and Rowlandsons and ** H. B.'s ” of our time. There is
such a fever of personality abroad that society is asked
to go to the play in order to see the members of the Jockey
Club and various celebrities on the tnrf " taken off " behind
the footlights. Once start this idea, and there will be no end
to it. The stage will become an illustrated daily newspaper.
Is this what the dramatic reformers demand when they
clamour for actuality and realism? The theatre is bear¬
garden enough already without introducing there political
animosity and social strife. We go to the play to be amused,
not to abuse our neighbours ; to get out of the world, not into
it again. Imagination is the gift that the theatre should
stimulate ; not reality. Caricatures we can see enough of in
the comic and personal papers without turning public men into
stage puppets. Luckily for the dignity of the stage the buries pie
called “ Atalanta ” was a pronounced failure, and the indig¬
nation of the audience has caused a thorough change of
policy. In justice to Mr. Lewis Wingfield it should be said
that be was not responsible for the hideous combination of
modern sportsman and Greek swell, the racing attire and the
petticoat. He was overruled, and now that he has his way the
characters in the last act will be sensibly altered. But after
all, is taste really so low as the authors of "Atalanta” would
have ns believe? Do we go to the play to have onr ears
tortured with such barbarous Cockney rhymes as “ Atalanta "
and “ canter,” “ Atalanta ” and “ instant- r," *• Atalanta ” and
“ banter,” and such like atrocities, at which the B.vrons and Tal-
fotirds ami Broughs and Reeces would have shuddered and re¬
belled. What “r" sound can be found in the Greek “ Atalanta,”
except in the ears of a Cockney writer ? We may jnst as well
have “ yaas " for yes. or any other barbarism. Or do we go to
the play to hear music murdered and an old Greek legend mis¬
applied? Poor Miss Marie Linden, miserable Mr. F. Wyatt, un¬
happy Miss Alma Stanley, to be connected with such deplorable
childishness ! Of all sad sights, perhaps the saddest is to see
clever artists paid to perpetrate inconceivable folly.
Asa relief, we have had a very respectable, and in many re¬
spects creditable, version of “The Lady of Lyons” at the new
Shaftesbury Theatre, where, on the first night, the iron curtain
refused to budge an inch, and necessitated the prompt dis¬
missal of the audience. Mr. Forbes Robertson gave a highly
intelligent rendering of Claude Melnotte ; and Miss Wallis was
refreshing, after a series of milk-and-water, powerless Paulines.
The audience woke up, as if from a lethargic dose, when Miss
Wallis began to act. For the last few years we have been
whispering and dawdling on the stage, not acting. What
would the modern playgoer say if he could suddenly see an
Adelaide Neilson ? How he would open his eyes and stare with
astonishment 1
. A notice of “ Hands Across the Sea," and an Illustration of
a scene in it, are given in another part of this Paper.
Our Portrait of the late Sir Richard Baggallay is from
a photograph by Mr. G. Jerrard, of Claudct's Studio. That
of Lord Onslow is from one by Messrs. James Russell and
Sons, of 17, Baker-street, who furnished also those of the new
Bishop of Guildford and the new Dean of Chichester.
f OBITUARY.
THE EARL OF DEVON.
The Right Hon. William Reginald Courtenay, twelfth Earl
of Devon, and a
Baronet, P.C., D.C.L.,
died on Nov. 18, at
Powderham Castle.
He was born April 15,
1807, and succeeded
at his father's decease,
in 1859, to the repre¬
sentation of one of
the most illustrious
families in Enrope.
His Lordship sat in
the House of Com¬
mons as M.P. for
South Devon from 1841 to 1849, was Secretary to the Poor Law
Board from 1852 to 1858, Chancellor of the Dnchy of Lancaster
from 1866 to 1867, and President of the Poor Law Board from
18fi7 to 1868. He married, Dec. 27, 1830, Lady Elizabeth
Fortescne, daughter of Hugh, first Earl Fortcseue, K.G., and
by her (who died Jan. 27, 1867) had issue, three sons and one
daughter, Viscountess Halifax. The only survivor, Edward
Baldwin, Lord Courtenay, formerly M.P. for Exeter and East
Devon, now thirteenth Earl of Devon, was born May 7, 1836,
and is unmarried. The late Lord was educated at Westminster
and Christ Church, Oxford, and was a Chairman of Quarter
Sessions for Devonshire.
RIGHT HON. SIR RICHARD BAGGALLAY.
The Right Hon Sir Richard Baggallay. Knight, P.C., M.A.,
Lord Justice of Appeal, died on Nov. 13, aged seventy-two.
He was the eldest son of Mr. Richard Baggallay, of King-
thorpe House, Upper Tooting, and was educated at Caius
College, Cambridge. He commenced his forensic career in
1843, when he was called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn, and soon
obtained extensive practice. In 1861 he became Q.C., was
THE LATE SIB KI< 1IAU 1 BAGGALLAY.
Solicitor-General in 1868 to 1874, Attorney-General in
1874-5, and Lord Justice of Appeal from 1868 to 1885. The
honour of knighthood was conferred on him on his appoint¬
ment as Solicitor-General in 1868. Sir Richard married,
Feb. 25, 1847, Marianne, youngest daughter of the late Mr.
Henry Charles Lacy, M.P., of Withdean Hall, Sussex, and
leaves a large family.
BARONESS WILLOVGHBY D'F.RESBY.
The Right Hon. Clementina Elizabeth, Baroness Willoughby
D'Eresby (in her own
right), who died at
Grimsthorpe Castle, in
the county of Lincoln,
on Nov. 13, was born
Sept. 2, 1809, the
eldest daughter of
Peter Robert, nine¬
teenth Baron Wil¬
loughby D' Eresby
(which title was
created by writ,
July 26, 1313), by
Clementina Sarah, his wife, daughter and sole heiress of
James Drummond, first Lord Perth, and succeeded to the
barony of Willoughby D'Eresby, the abeyance of which was
terminated in her favour by Royal letters patent in 1871.
Her Ladyship married, Oct. 8, 1827, Sir Gilbert John Heath-
cote, Bart., afterward Lord Aveland. and leaves by him (wbo
died Sept. 6, 1867) one son and two daughters (the eldest,
Clementina, was married, in 1869, to Admiral Sir George
Tryon, K.C.B.). The only son, Gilbert Henry. Lord Aveland,
now twenty-second Baron Willoughby D'Eresby, married, in
1863, Lady Evelyn Elizabeth Gordon, second daughter of the
tenth Marquis of Huntly, and has fonr sons and six daughters.
VISCOCNT PORTMAN.
The Right Hon. Edward Berkeley Portman, M.A., first
Visconnt, and
Baron Portman, of
Orchard Portman,
Somerset, in the
Peerage of the
United Kingdom,
died at his seat,
Bryanston House,
near Blandford,
Dorset, on Nov. 19,
after a short illness,
in his ninetieth
year. He was born,
July 9, 1799, the
eldest son of Mr.
Edward Berkeley Portman, of Bryanston and of Orohard
Portman, by Lucy, his first wife, danghter of the Rev. Thomas
MarT^ J j n 27 ’ i 837 ’“ d ad v »nced to a viscouutcy
March 28.18,3. The deceased nobleman wa 8 educated at Eton
and at Christ Church, Oxford (B.A., 1821; M.A., 1826) and
represented Dorsetshire in Parliament in the Liberal inti-rest
1823 to 1832 ; and Marylebone. 1833. He was Lord Warden of
the Stannaries in Cornwall and Devon ; a Justice of the Peace
for Middlesex, Somerset, and Dorset; and Lord Lieutenant of
Somerset, 1840 to 1864. His Lordship married, Jnne 16 1827
Emma, third danghter of Henry, second Earl of Ifarewood’
and leaves by her (who died Feb. 8. 1865) three sons and one
daughter. His eldest son. William Henry, now second Viscount
Portman, M.P. for Dorset 1857 to 1885, married, in 1855
Mary Selina Charlotte, danghter of William Charles, Viscount
Milton, and has a large family.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
Two officers with the Hazara Field-Force employed during the
month of October in subduing the hostile league of highland
tribes among the mountains above the left bank of the Upper
Indus, on the northern frontier of the Puujanb. have sent
home Sketches which are this week published in our Journal.
The whole force, under the chief command of General
M'Quecn, was divided into four separate columns, which
advanced into the hill country by different routes, as we have
already explained with reference to our former Illustrations.
The Fourth Column marched up the banks of tbe Indus;
and Captain R. S. Macleod, of the 29th Punjaub Infantry,
contributes tbe Sketches of part of their operations. Tbe
first scene is that of the action near Kotkai, on Oct. 4, at the
very beginning of tbe campaign ; when that village, perched
on the rock shown in his Sketch, was captured by the
men of bis own regiment, who had ascended the high
ground seen to the right hand, forcing the pound and the
loopholed walls held by the enemy, till they reached the
terraced fields, surrounded by rocks and bushes, on the summit
of the ridge commanding Kotkai. They were supported, below,
by tbe fire of Gatling guns, and of the 34th Bengal Pioneers
and the Royal Irish Regiment. On the opposite side, to the
left hand in this view, beyond the rooky ravine through which
the river here flows in deep rapids, some of the enemy appear
firing from the high river-bank. Captain Macleod’s second
Sketch represents the fortified village of Maidan, the strong¬
hold of the hostile fanatics, blown up on Oct. 13 by tbe Fourth
Column of troops, the place having been abandoned by the
enemy on the approach of the British force. After blowing
np the front bastions and gate, the village was entered and set
on fire ; the mine threw np an immense shower of stones, with
a huge cloud of dust. The troops lying down amidst tbe
stones in the foreground are the Royal Irish, the 4th Punjaub
Infantry, the Royal Artillery and 34th Pioneers, and the 29th
Punjaub Infantry. The ground in front of the village was
intersected with low stone walls, crossing each other to form
small enclosures, like tbe squares on a chessboard, and scattered
over with large round stones.
The operations of the Third Column are illustrated, on
another page, by the Sketches of Lieutenant W. J. L. Beynon,
of the Royal Sussex Regiment, which have been forwarded to
us by his father. General Beynon. The following is an extract
from Lieutenant Beynon's letter, dated Oct. 10 :—
“ We have been making roads and raids in all directions.
Having made a road through the woods to a certain point, we
leave a picquet there, and descend on to some village, which
we promptly burn, and then retire to tbe camp. It is during
these retirements that we generally lose most men, as the
natives are awfully good at following up, and can take
advantage of every cover. One sees no one, but the ballets go
over one's head, and you hear the report within, perhaps, fifty
yards of yon. I got fired at from about twenty yards off, the
sparks from the discharge falling within a few feet of me. I
found that the top of my head was showing above the sky¬
line, in a space made by two males having moved apart.
How the fellow did not bit me I cannot make out. I managed
at night to get shelter in a sort of cow-slied. There are no
side walls, and there is great danger of sliding down the
‘ khud ’; but we are better off than other fellows, who have bad
to make shelves for themselves on the side of the bill. The
whole side of the hill is cut up into shelves by the men, who
lie in rows ; and so they go to bed."
It seems that these two columns of troops were not very
far apart on Oct. 13 ; for, in the first of Lieutenant Beynon's
Sketches, we observe Colonel Sunderland's staff-officers, among
the ruins of a tower, burnt the day before, above the village
of Abu, watching the conflagration at Maidan, in the valley
below. There are two or three Illustrations of tbe affair of
Oct. 5 on the Samalbnt spur of tbe Black Monntaiu ; in one
of them, n halt after the fight, appear several men of the 7S(h
Highlanders, forming General M'Quecn's escort; in another,
men on the rocks are signalling with flags to announce the
news to the camp near Oghi. The position of General Channels
entrenched camp and surrounding regimental encampments at
tbe loot of the mountains, with the village of Kulikka, is
shown in another Sketch; half-way np the mountain-side
within view is the spot where Major Battye and Captain H. B.
Urmston were killed in the skirmish of last May or June. In
the remaining Sketches, Lieutenant Beynon drolly illustrates
Ihe peculiar sleeping accommodation of bis party, as men¬
tioned in his letters, the men lying on shelves of earth cut by
themselves iu the steep hillside.
We shall give Illustrations next week of the visit of the
Prince of Wales to Messrs. Allsopp’s Brewery at Burton-on-
Trent.
At St. George's Hall, Langham-place, on Monday, Nov. 26,
Messrs. Reed and Grain will produce a new piece, entitled
“ The Bo'sun’s Mate," written by Walter Browne, tbe music by
Alfred J. Caldicott.
Entertainments are given weekly at the Brompton Hospital,
greatly to the delight of the inmates. The one provided on
Tuesday, Nov. 13, was by Miss May Woolgar Mellon (the
clever daughter of a gifted mother), assisted by several
friends ; and consisted of scenes from “ My Sweetheart," and
the comedietta of “ My Milliner's Bill,” in both of which Miss
Mellon acted and sang with charming effect, her companion in
eaoh piece being Mr. Sidney Paget,'who proved himself a worthy
partner. In the first piece a very little girl, Ivy Glassby, mado
a pretty little “boy,” and efforts of the trio called forth
repeated rounds of applause. Some cxoellent singing and
recitations were given by Mr. Sidney Herbcrte-Basing and Mr.
E. V. Wright; and the Misses Gray added to the enjoyment of
the audience by their finished pianoforte playing.—The enter¬
tainment on Tuesday evening, the 20th, was given by Madame
Dnkas, and consisted of an excellent selection of mnsic by
that talented lady, and various members of her “Ladies'
Choir," assisted by Mr. Richard Hope, with Mr. Walter Van
Noorden ns condnctor. The programme included—" I'm but
a simple Peasant Maid,” brilliantly sung by Madame Dukas
“Sing. Sweet Bird " was given by Miss Julia Dunhall; as was
“ A Wee Wifie " by Miss Emily Farmer. There were several
encores.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 24, 1888 —612
LANDING OF THE EMPRESS FREDERICK AT TORT VICTORIA, ON MONDAY, NOV. 19.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 24, 1888.—G13
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY HOTEL AT BANFF.
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY : SKETCHES BY OUK SPECIAL ARTIST. MR. MELTON PRIOR.
NOV. 24, 1888
614
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY:
BANFF AND BRITISH COLUMBIA.
Oar series of Illustrations of the magnificent work completed
under the auspices of the Dominion of Canada, by which n
continuous line of railway traffic is established from the
Atlantic to the Pacific ocean ports, was brought on last week
to Banff, on the banks of the Bow River, close to the Rocky
Mountains and to the frontier of the province of British
Columbia. 23+2 miles west of Montreal. Banff is situated in a
district of romantic and picturesque mountain, river, and lake
scenery, of great extent, reserved for the “ Canadian
National Park " ; nnd it is the site of medicinal hot
springs, charged with sulphur and iron and salts of
great healing efficacy for many bodily ailments.
These springs arise in the Snlphur Mountain, which
is 4500 ft. in height; the flow of water is about
1 , 200.000 gallons a day, and its temperature at the
source is 115 deg. Fahrenheit.
The Banff Sanitarium, under the charge of Dr.
B. G. Brett, M.D., Medical Director, is a large
building of three storeys, beautifully situated, which
has comfortable rooms, attentive servants, well-
furnished tables, and broad piazzas, with agreeable
walks in the grounds, provision for cricket, lawn-
tennis, and other games, and delightful rides and
drives in the neighbourhood. Its site being 5400 ft.
above the sea-level, the air is pure and bracing,
while the mountains afford shelter from cold or
rough winds, and there is almost an entire absence
of clouds or mists.
The Canadian Pacific Railway Hotel at Banff
contains more than two hundred rooms, with ice-
cold mountain-spring water throughout the house
and bath-houses supplied from the upper hot spring
brought down 800 ft. in iron pipes. Several hundred
feet below this spring are two others, within a
hundred feet of each other. One is in a cave, or
grotto, about 25 ft. in diameter, with a vaulted
dome. It is entered by a tunnel a hundred feet
long, and lighted by a natural opening at the
apex, about two feet by three. In the grotto is a
swimming-bath, surrounded by pretty stalactites,
with water about 5 ft. deep boiling up from the
sandy bottom ; temperature, 95 deg. Cold water
pours from one of the shell-shaped stalactites in
sufficient quantity to make a cold shower. A hundred feet
from this is another large pool, 20 ft. across, about the same
size, and, being in the open air, the warm water can be seen
boiling up through the sands. Both this and the cave springs
have streams flowing from them as large as a first-class fire-
engine could pump. The cave spring discharges at its outlet
without colouring the soil along the rivulet; while the other
makes a deposit as white as lime. This deposit is a magnesiate
of lime, impregnated with iron and sulphur.
The mineral waters differ from each other, not only in the
temperature of the waters, but also in their chemical com¬
position. The temperature of the different springs varies
from 85 deg. to 125 deg. Fahrenheit. They have proved of
the most striking benefit to those suffering from various
forma of rheumatic affections, scrofulous tumours and skin
diseases, malarial poisoning of long standing, anaemia, and
the troubles which have their seat in weakness of constitution
or general debility. By allaying muscular and nervous
irritability through their soothing influences on the peripheral
nerves, sciatica and other neuralgias are greatly benefited.
Owing to the saline qualities of some of the springs, certain
complaints of the kidneys and liver, renal and biliary calculi,
dashed to atoms below. We look down from the rail way, clinging
to the mountain-side, upon the river valley, which here, suddenly
widening, holds between the dark pine-clad mountains a
mirror-like sheet of water, reflecting each peak and cliff
with the most startling effect.” Some distance beyond is the
wide, forest-covered valley of the Columbia River, with the
mountains of the Selkirk Range, to be illustrated in the next
Sketches by our Special Artist.
British Columbia (including Vancouver, Queen Charlotte,
and other islands along the coast) is that portion of Caniula
which looks oat on the Pacific Ocean. It is the only British
territory on the western or Pacific Ocean side of the North
American continent. There is abundant proof of the existence
of great mineral wealth in British Columbia. Gold, coal,
silver, iron, copper, galena, mercury, platinum, antimony,
bismnth, molybdenum, plumbago, mica, and other minerals
have been discovered in different parts of the province ; copper
being very widely distributed. The rich valley of the Lower
Fraser, or New Westminster district, is the largest compact
agricultural district. It is on the mainland shore, opposite
the south-eastern portion of Vancouver Island. The surface
of the lower part of the valley is little above the sea-level.
This is the only large tract of choice agricultural land, on the
mainland of the North Pacific slope, that lies actually
upon the ocean, with a shipping port in its midst. A
navigable river cuts it through, which is sheltered at its
mouth. The Canadian Pacific Railway, as already said, runs
through the district. The river is fall of salmon and other
food-fish. and the district abounds with game. The delta
lands and the clay loams can hardly be equalled for strength
and richness, yielding great yields with comparatively careless
cultivation. Much also of the interior is good farming land,
and some highland districts afford very fine pasturage. The
SKETCHES IN MOROCCO.
The military expedition performed this year by the Sultan of
Morocco for the subjugation of the rebellious tribes in the
mountain country of the interior has been repeatedly noticed.
A French artist. M. Gabriel Nicolet, who accompanied the
expedition some days, and who saw the reception of the Sultan
at Mequinez after his return, and when he visited certain
famous Mussulman shrines to give thanks for his success, has
furnished several drawings illustrative of those remarkable
scenes. The one now presented is that of a portion of the
Saltan’s army marching up the rocky pass of the
Oued (Wady) MJouia, beneath the high mountain
called the Djebel Tsougfc, near which a fierce battle
was fought witlx the warriors of the Aitchouknmns
tribe, and the troops of his Higliness were in some
peril of defeat.
In the provinces of Morocco nearer to the sea-
coast. and usually accessible with entire safety to
European visitors from Tangiers, the sports of wild-
boar hunting, and of shooting quail, plover, nnd
wild ducks, are enjoyed without interruption. We
Lave received from an English artist and tourist,
Mr. A. H. Kerens, of London, the Sketches that
appear on another page. He started from Tangiers,
with three friends, on a hunting and shooting ex¬
cursion. They encamped first at Shurfa Bulaishish,
where the horses and mules were tethered, the
tents were pitched, and the party made themselves
comfortable, while their Arab servants duly engaged
in evening prayer. Dinner was prepared by their
skilful cook, a black man, and they dined and
rested well. On the morrow they went to look for
the wild boar. An enraged beast of that kind, when
found and approached by the sportsmen, made a
furious charge, but was effectually stopped by a
shot from the Artist’s rifle. On their return to the
encampment, our friends were much inconvenienced
by a tropical downpour of rain. Another day was
employed in the pursuit of feathered game. Our
correspondent rode a long way through the marsh¬
land, intent on making a good bag; he found
plenty of duck and teal, but getting over such bad
ground was a tedious experience. Plover were
abundant on the plain ; and he managed, by driving
them up the wind, to bag several dozen of these
birds. After the day’s sport, and resting an hour or two in
camp, he book a quiet nocturnal stroll, and got a sight of a
family of porcupines feeding together, which he was careful
not to alarm or disturb.
The Lord Mayor has become President of the Thames
Church Mission.—The Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress have
consented to their names being added to the list of the general
committee of the Irish Distressed Ladies’ Fund, and contribu¬
tions on behalf of the fund will be received at the Mansion
House.
The fourth great terrier show (in conjunction with the Fox
Terrier Club) has been held in Sb. Stephen’s Hall, Westminster,
adjacent to the Royal Aquarinm, and there were upwards of
1000 entries, embracing terriers of all classes or denomina¬
tions. the whole exhibition being arranged and conducted by
Mr. Charles Cruft. The Grand Challenge Cup has been gained
by Mr. A. H. Clarke, of Nottingham.
Mr, W. Crookes, F.R.S, has presented to the Department of
Science and Art a collection of sixty-eight radiometers and
similar instruments for permanent exhibition in the science
galleries at the South Kensington Museum. They illustrate
SOURCE OF HOT SPRINGS AT BANFF.
Sketch by our Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior.
LOWER HOT SPRINGS AND BATHS,
and catarrhal affections of various mucous membranes, are
successfully treated.
The railway passes up the valley of the Bow River, from
Banff, ascending the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains
range, and entering the province of British Columbia, which
is part of the Dominion of Canada. Passing the Summit
Station, just a mile above the level of the sea. with three
small green lakes in rocky recesses, it proceeds through the
Kicking Horse Pass; here the streams begin to flow westward
to the Pacific Ocean. “ Ten miles beyond the summit of the
pass,” Bays a descriptive writer, “ we round the base of Mount
Stephen, a stupendous mountain rising directly from the rail¬
way to a height of more than 8000 ft., holding on one of its
shoulders, almost over our heads, a glacier whose shining green
ioe, 500 ft. thick, is slowly crawling over the edge of a sheer
precipice of dizzy height, from which falling fragments of ice are
BANFF. SANITAE
Sketches by our Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior.
climate of British Columbia, in general, is mnch more temperate
than the climate of any part of Canada lying east of the
Rocky Mountains. Behring's Straits, between America and
Asia, are so narrow and shallow that not much of the icy
Arctic current flows along the British Columbia coast. The
Rocky Mountains, in British Columbia, trending north¬
westerly, keep off the cold north winds. Other causes of
the temperate climate are the existence of a warm ocean
current in the Pacific Ocean, which flows towards the coast;
the prevalent warm south-westerly winds from that ocean,
which blow over the country ; and also the north and south
direction of the principal valleys, up which warm air from the
south is drawn. The forests yield a vast supply of timber,
and the fisheries are of great value. The population of British
Columbia is now about eighty thousand ; its capital is Victoria,
in Vancouver Island.
M, UPPER HOT SPRINGS, BANFF.
the steps by which Mr. Crookes was led to the construction of
the radiometer, and to the production of motion and
phosphorescence by streams of electrified molecules in high
vacua. Many of the instruments are of great historical interest.
Inanimate pigeon shooting when introduced into this
country was rather pooh-poohed, then tolerated, and now bids
fair to become quite a popular amusement. Messrs. Cogswell
and Harrison, of New Bond-street and the Strand, London,
have lately brought out a new trap, the “ Swiftsure,” which
throws a composition pigeon or saucer in a variety of ways—
in fact, it may be considered as the finest thing of the kind
yet introduced. The “Swiftsure” was pitted against the
American at the Royal Artillery Club. Woolwich, the non.
secretary reporting thus: — “The ‘Swiftsure’ was excellent
and superior to the American : the former trap threw tne
pigeons much farther and better.”
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 24, i888
616
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
AUTYinu or “ Dorothy Forbtrr.” *'Children or flimos"
** The Rkyoi.t or Mas." *K\tharise Regina.” etc.
CHAPTER XXXIX.
v wns n numerous com-
I pany gathered to¬
gether on the deck
of the ship. My
their dress they were
country lads; by their
pale cheeks they were
prison birds, like our¬
selves; bytheirdismnl
faces they were, also,
: like ourselves, rebels
condemned to the
| Plantations. Alas !
I how many of these
poor fellows have re¬
turned to their homes,
and how many lie in
' the graves of Jamaica,
Virginia, and Marba-
does ? As for prepnr-
n- for a voyage, not one
- could make any, either
•lathes or of provisions,
iv was not among the
>le company so much as a
; nay, there was not even
ci - were already bristling
horribly with the beards which before long
made us look like so many Hcydues.
Among them I presently discerned, to my great surprise and
joy. none other than Mnrnnby. His coat of scarlet was now so
ragged and stained that neither colour nor original shape could
be discerned, his ruffles and cravat of lace were gone, and the
scarlet sash which had formerly carried his hanger was gone
also. In a word, he was in rugs and covered with the dust of
the road. Vet his jolly c ountenance showed a satisfaction
which contrasted greatly with the dejection of his companions.
He sniffed the scent of tar and ropes with a joy which was
visible to all, nnd he contemplated the ship and. her rigging
with the air of one who is at home.
Then he saw us and shouted to us while he made his way
roughly through the rest.
“What cheer, ho! Humphrey, brave lad of boluses?”
never did any man grasp the hand of friend with greater
vigour. “ This is better, 1 say, than the nccursed prison, where
one got never a breath of fresh air. Here one begins to smell
salt water and tarred rope, which is a downright wholesome
smell. Already I feel hearty again. I would willingly drink
a tankard or two of black beer. What, Robin, what ? We are
not going to be hanged after all. Lift up thy head, there¬
fore : is this a time for looking glum ? We shall live to hang
Judge Jeffreys yet '.—what? Thy looks are but poorly, lad. Is it
the prison or is it thy disappointment ? That villain, Benjamin !
Hark ye, Robin,’’—some men’s faces look black when they
threaten but Bamaby’s grew brooder, ns if the contemplation o'f
revenge made him the happier—“Hark ye, this is my busi¬
ness. No one shall interfere with me in this. Benjamin is my
affair. No one but I myself must kill Benjamin; not you,
Humphrey, because he is your cousin; nor you, Robin, because
you must not kill Alice’s husband even to get bnek your own
sweetheart." Burnaby spoke wisdom here; in spite of Robin’s
vows he could not get Alice for himself by killing her husband,
unworthy though he was. “Benjamin,” he went on, “may
call her wife, but if he seek to make her his wife, if I know
Sis aright, he will meet his match. As for her safety, I am
certain that she is safe. For why:- Wherever there are folks
of her religious kidney, there will she find friends. Cheer
up, Robin ! Soon or late I will kill this fine husband of hers.”
But Robin shook his head.
Bnmaby then asked if I knew whither we were bound. I
told him liarbadoes, according to the information given me by
Mr. Penue.
“ Why,” said Barnaby rubbing his hands, “ this is brave
news, indeed. There is no place I would sooner choose. ’Tis
a small islaud, to begin with: give me a small island, so that
the sea runneth all round about and is everywhere within easy
reach. Where there is the sea there are boats; where there
are boats there are the means of escape. Cheer up, my lads!
i know the Spanish Main right well. Give me a tight boat, I
care not how small, and a keg of water, and I will sail her
anywhere. Ha ! we are bound to Barbadocs, are we ? This is
truly brave news ! ”
1 asked him, nest, what kind of place it was ?
“ It is a hot place,” he replied. “ A man is always thirsty,
and then’ is plenty to drink except wntcr, which is said to be
scarce. But the merchants and the planters want none. They
have wine of the best, of Spain and of France and of Madeira.
Cider and strong ale they import from England. And drinks
they make in the country —perino and niolihie—I remember—
grippo and plantain wine and kill-devil, ’l’is a rare country
for drink, and many there be who die of too much. Hold up
thy head, Robin; we will drink damnation to Benjamin yet.
But ’tis I who shall kill him. Courage, I say. What ? Our
turn will come ! ”
I told him, then, what had been done with Mr. George
Penne—namely, the ransom bought by the Rector for us all,
nnd the letter which I carried to Mr. Penne’s correspondent.
“ Why,” he said, with some discontent, “ we shall not be
long upon the island after all, and perhaps the money might
have Ihch better bestowed. But’t was kindly done of the
Rector. As for the banishment, I value it not one farthing.
One place is as good as another; and, for my own part, I love
the West Indies. We shall have our choice among them aU,
because, where there are boats and the open sea, a man can
go whithersoever pleaseth him best. The voyage out "—he
glanced round him—“will, I fear, be choking work the
nitions will be short, there will be neither drink nor tobncco,
and at nights we shaU lie close. A more melancholy company
I uerer saw. Patience, my lads; our turn will come."
Well, ’t was a special mercy that we had with us one man,
at least, who preserved his eWerfulness, for the rest of the
company were ns melancholy as King jnines himself could
have desired. Indeed, to look back upon the voyage is to
recall the most miserable time that can he imagined. First of
all, ns I have said, we were wholly unprepared for a voyage,
having nothing at all with ns. Then we had bad weather at
the outset, which not only made our people ill, but caused the
biscuit to he mostly spoiled, so that before the end of the voyage
a few peas with the sweepings of the biscuit-room, and some¬
times a little tough beef, was all our diet, and for drink
nothing, not so much as a pannikin of beer, but water, and
that turbid, and not too much of it.
As for m«. I kept my health chiefly by the method common
> physicians—namely, by watching the symptoms of
•AU Httku tO«o*<l.
others. But mostly was I concerned with the condition of
Robin. For the poor lad, taking so much to heart the dreadful
villainy which had been practised upon Alice, never once held
up his head, nnd would talk and think of nothing else but of
that poor maid.
• ‘ Where is she ? ’ ’ he asked a hundred times. 1 ‘ Where lmtli
she found a shelter and a hiding-place ? How shall she escape
the villain who will now do what he pleases since we are out
of his way ? And no help for her—not any until she die, or
until he dies ! And we cannot even send her a letter to con¬
sole her poor heart! Humphrey, it drives me mad to think
that every day carries ns further from her. If I could but be
with her"to protect her against her husband! Humphrey,
Barnaby said well; I could not get her back to me over the
dead body of her husband. But to protect her-to stand
between her and the man she hath sworn to obey ! ”
There is no more dangerous condition of the mind than
that which we call despair. It is, I take it, a disease, and that
of the most dangerous kind. I have observed many men in
that condition. With some, the devil enters into them, find¬
ing all the doors open and unguarded; nay, he even receives a
warm welcome. With others it is as if the body itself was
left without its armour—a cheerful and hopeful mind being
certainly mi armour' against disease, capable of warding off
many of those invisible arrows which arc always flying about
the air and striking us down with fevers, agues, calentures, and
other pains and grievous diseases.
I marvel that more of the men on hom'd were not sick; for,
to begin with, the water soon became thick nnd swarmed with
wriggling creatures difficult to avoid in drinking; nnd then,
though during the day we were allowed to be on deck (where the
air was fresh even if the sun was hot), at night we were terribly
crowded below, and lay too close for health or for comfort.
However, we finally made Carlisle Bay and the port of ,St.
Michael’s or the Bridge. And I must say this for Barnaby,
that he maintained throughout the whole voyage his cheerful¬
ness, and that he never ceased to make his plans for escape,
drawing on a paper, which he procured, a rough chart of the
Spanish Main, with ns many islands as he could remember. Of
these there are hundreds, some desolate and safe for fugitives,
some with neither water nor green trees, and some with springs
and woods, wild fruit, laud turtles on the shore, fish in tile sea,
and everything that man can desire.
We made the land, after I know not how many weeks, one
day in the forenoon.
“ Barbadocs,” said Barnaby, pointing to n bttle cloud far
away on the horizon. “ Well; of this job I am wellnigh sick.
To-morrow, if the wind holds, we shall have sailed round the
island, and shall beat up for Carlisle Bay. Well, it is lucky
for us that we have this letter of Mr. Penne’s. We will go—"l
know the place well—to the sign of the Rock and Turtle, kept
by old Mother Rosemary, if she lives still, or, if she be dead, by
one of her daughters—she had fifty daughters, at least, ail
buxom mulatto girls. There will we put off these filthy rags,
have a wash in a tub of fresh water, get shaven, and then with
smooth chins and clean shirts we will sit down to a dinner such
us the old woman knows how to make, a potato-pudding and
Scots collops with Rhenish wine, and afterwards a cool cup of
beveridge, which is nothing in the world but squeezed limes,
with sugar and water, fit for such a womanly stomach ns
yours, Doctor. With this, and a pipe of tobacco, and perhaps
a song and (when your Worship hath gone to bed) a dance
from one of the girls—I say, my lad, with this I shall be
ready to forget Sedgemoor and to forgive Judge Jeffreys. When
we are tired of Barbadocs, we will take boat and sail away. I
know one island, at least, where they care nothing for King
Janies. Thither will we go, my lad."
Well; wlnit we found at our port, and how we fared, was
not quite as Barnaby expected and hoped, as you shall hear.
Bat 1 must admire the cunning of the mail Penne, who not
only look from Alice—poor child .'—all her brother’s money,
amounting to two hundred and fifty pounds or thereabouts
(which you have read), on the pretext of bestowing it for the
advantage of all, but also received two hundred guineas from
Mr. lioscorel on the same pretence. This made in all four
hundred and fifty pounds. And not one penny—not a single
penny—of this great sum did the man spend upon the purpose
for which it wns given him.
You have heard how the merchants nnd planters came
aboard the ships which put in with servants and slaves, and
how these are put for sale, one at a time. As was the sale
described by Alice, just such was ours: though, I take it.
our lads were not so miserable a company as were those on board
her ship. Pale of cheek they looked, and dejected, and some
were sick with various disorders, caused by the confinement of
the prison or the sufferings of the voyage. They put us up
one after the other, and we were sold. I forget what I myself
fetched, and indeed it matters not, save that many jests "were
passed at our expense, and that when one was put up—as
Robin, for instance—who had been a Captain in the rebel
army, the salesman was eloquent in praise of his rich and
illustrious family who would never endure that this unfortu¬
nate man should continue in servitude. But Barnaby put his
tongue in his cheek and laughed.
When the sale was concluded, we were bundled into boats
and token ashore to the barren oon, of which you have heard
from Alice. Here the same officer as read to her party the laws
concerning servants and their duties, and the punishments
which await transgressors, read them also to ourselves.
“ Faith,” Burnaby whispered, “ there will be gnat scoring
of backs before many days are done, unless their bark is worse
than their bite.”
This business dispatched, I thought it was time to present
my letter. Therefore 1 stepped forward, and informed the officer
who, by reason of his gown nnd wig and the beadles who were
with him, I judged to be some law vet-, that, with my cousin and
another, I held a"letter which should hold us free from servitude.
“ Ay, ay,” he said. “ Where is that letter ? ”
So I gave it to him. ’Twas addressed to one Jonathan
Polwliele, nnd enjoined him to receive the three prisoners,
named Humphrey Chnllis. Robin Challis, nnd Barnaby Evkin,
to pay for them such sums as would reasonably be required to
redeem them from servitude, nnd to advance them such moneys
as they would want at the outset for maintenance, the whole
to be accounted for in Mr. Jonathan Pol whole's next despatches
to his obedient, much obliged servant, G. P.
" Sir,” said the officer, when he had read the letter
through, “this epistle is addressed to one Jonathan Polwliele.
There is no merchant or planter of that name on the whole
island.”
He gave me back the letter. “ If this,” he said, “ is all
you have to show, there is no reason why you and your friends
should not march with the rest.”
Truly, we had nothing else to show. Not only was there
no one named Polwhele on the island, but there never had
been anyone of that name. Therefore it wns plain that we
had been tricked, and that the man George Penne was a
villain. Alas! poor Barnaby! Where now were his cool
cups and his pipe of tobacco ? Then the officer beckoned to a
gentleman—a sober and grave person—standing near, and
spoke to him.
“ Geutlcmeu,” said the merchant, “ permit me to read this
letter. So, it is the handwriting of Mr. George Penne, which
1 know well. There is here some strange mistake. The letter
is addressed to Mr. Jonathan Polwhele; but there is no one
of that name in the place. I am myself Mr. Penne’s corre¬
spondent ill this island. My name, gentlemen, is Sefton, not
Polwhele.”
“ Sir,” I said, “do yon know Mr. PenneP”
‘* 1 have never seen him. He consigns to my care, once
or twice a year, a cargo of transported servants, being rogues
and thieves sent here, instead of to the gallows. He ships
them to my care, I say, as he hath shipped the company
arrived this morning; nnd 1 sell them for him, taking for my
share a percentage, as agreed upon, and remitting to him the
balance in sugar and tobacco.”
“ Is there no letter from him P”
“ There is a letter in which he advises me of so many
rebels consigned to me, in order to be sold. Some among them,
he says, were Captains and officers in Monmouth’s army, and
some are of good family, among whom he especially "names
Robin and Humphrey Challis. But there is not a word about
ransom.”
“Sir,” I said, knowing nothing as yet of Alice and her
money, “ two hundred guineas have been paid to Mr. Penne
by the Rev. Philip Boseorel, Rector of Bradford Orcas, in the
county of Somerset, for our ransom.”
“ Nothing is said of this,” he replied gravely. “ Plainly,
gentlemen, without despatches from Mr. Penne I cannot act
for yon. You have a letter. It is written by that gentleman ;
it is addressed to Mr. Polwhele; it says nothing about Bnr-
badoes, nnd would seive for Jamaica or for Virginia. So great
a sum as two hundred guineas cannot have been forgotten. 1
exhort you, therefore, to patience until other letters arrive. Why,
two hundred guineas would have gone far to redeem you all
three, and to maintain you for a great while. Gentlemen, I
am grieved for you, because there is, for the present, no help for
it, but that you must go with the planter who hath bought
you, and obey his orders. I will, however, send to Mr. Penne
an account of this charge, and I would advise that you lose no
time in writing to your friends at home.”
“ Heart up, lad ! ” cried Barnaby, for I turned faint upon
this terrible discovery and would have fallen but he held me
up. “Patience! our turn will come.”
“Write that letter,” said the merchant again. “Write
that letter quickly, so that, it may go with the next vessel.
Otherwise, the work is hard, and the heat is great.” So lie
turned and left us.
“ Courage, mail! ” said Barnaby. “ To every dog liis day.
If now, for five minutes only I could have my thumb on
Mr. l’eune's windpipe and my fingers round his neck ! And
I thought to spend the evening joyfully at Mother Rosemary’s!
Courage, lad! I have seen already,” he whispered, “ a dozen
boats in the bay, any one of which will serve our turn,”
But Robin paid no heed, whatever happened. He stood up
when liis name was called, and was sold without showing
any emotion. When we found that we had been tricked he
seemed as if he neither heard nor regarded.
When all was ready we were matched, twenty in number,
along a white and dusty road, to our estate. By great good
fortune—rather by Providence—we were all bought by the same
master. He was, it is true, a bad man; but to be bought all
together was a happiness which we could not expect. He
bought us all because he understood that we belonged to the
same family (and that one of position), in the hope of receiving
substantial ransom. This man rode with us, accompanied by
two overseers (these were themselves under the same sentence)
who crocked their whips continually, and cursed us if we
lagged. Their bark was worse, we afterwards found, than
their bite; for it was only in the master’s presence that they
behaved thus brutishly, and in order to curry favour with him
and to prevent being reduced again to the rank of those who
served ill the field. There was no doubt, from the very outset,
that we were afflicted with a master whose like, I would hope,
is not to be found upon the island of Barbadocs. Briefly, lie
was one whose appearance, voice, and manner, all alike pro-
clniraed him openly to all the world as a drunkard, a profli¬
gate, and a blasphemer. A drunkard he was of that kind who
are seldom wholly drunk and yet are never sober; who begin
the day with n glass and go on taking more glasses all day¬
long, with small ale for breakfast, strong ale nnd Madeira for
dinner, a tankard in the afternoon, and for supper more strong
ale nnd Madeira; and before bed another tankard. As for
compassion, or tenderness, or any of the virtues which a mun
who holds other meu in slavery ought to possess, he had none
of them.
Let me speak of him with no more bitterness than is
necessary. We have, I think, all forgiven him, and he hath
long since gone to a place where he can do no more harm to
any, but awaiteth judgment—perhaps, in the sure and certain
hope of which the" funeral service speaks—but this is open to
doubt.
When we were arrived at the estate, the Mast.r dis¬
mounted, gave his horse to a negro, nnd ordered us to be drawn
up in line.
He then made a short speech. He said that he had bought
ns, rebels and villains as we were, and that he meant to get
his money's worth out of us or he would cut us all to pieces:
other things he told us, which I pass over because they were
but repetitions of this assurance. He then proceeded to
examine us in detail. M’heu he came to me lie cursed and
swore because he said he had been made to pay for a sound,
proper man, and had got a crookback for his bargain. 1 told
him that, with submission, he might find the crro';back,
who wa, a physician, a more profitable bargain than many a
stronger mail."
“ What ?” he roared. “ Thou art a physician, eh ? Wouldst
slink out of the field-work and sit idle among bottles and
boluses ? John ”—he turned to one of the overseers—" pay
particular attention, I commaud thee, to this learned physi¬
cian. If he so much as turn round in his work make his
shoulders smart,”
“ Ay, ay. Sir,” said the overseer.
“ And what art thou, Sirrah ? ” He turned next to Barnaby.
“Another learned physician, no doubt-or a Divine, a Bishop
likely, or a Dean at the least ? ”
“ As for what 1 wns,” said Barnaby, “ that is neither here
nor there. For what lam? I suppose I um your servant for
ten years, or until our pardons are sent us.”
“ Thou art an impudent dog, 1 dare swear,” returned the
master. “ I remember, now. Thou wast a Captain in the rebel
army, once a sailor. Well, take care, lest thou taste the cat.
“ Gentlemen who are made to taste the eat,” said Barnaby,
“ are apt to remember the taste of it when their time is up.
“What?” he cried. “ You dure to threaten ? Take that—
and that! ” and so began to belabour him about the head, I
trembled lest Barnaby should return the blows. But he did
not. He only held up his arm to protect his head, and
presently, when the master desisted, he shook himself like
a dog. , „
“ I promise you I shall remember the taste of that wood,
he said quietly. . .
The master looked as if he would renew the cudgelling, but
thought better of it.
TUE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 24, 1888.—617
618
NOV. 24, 1888
THE JLtTTRTUATED LONDON NE
Then, without more violence, we wi re e.-rigned our quarters.
A cottage or hut was given to us. We were served with
a hammock and a rug each: a pannikin, basin, spoon and
platter for each; a Monmouth cap; two shirts, common and
conrse; two pairs of canvas breeches, and n pair of shoes for
crch so that we looked for all the world like the fellows who
live by loading and unloading the ships in the port of Bristol.
Vet the change after the long voyage was grateful. They
served us next with some of the stuff they call loblollie, and
thi n the night fell and we lay down in our hammocks, which
were certainly softer than the planks of the ship, and then fell
fast asleep in spite of the humming and the biting of the
merrywings, and so slept till the break of day.
CHAPTER XL.
WITH T H K HOF,.
Before it was daylight we were aroused by the discordant clang
of a bell; work was about to begin.
In these latitudes there is little twilight; the day begins as
it ends, with a kind of suddenness. 1 arose, being thus
summoned, and looked out. Long rays of light were shooting
up the sky from the east, and, though the stars were still
visible, the day was fast breaking. In a few moments it
became already so light that I could see across the yard—
or what the Italians would call the piazza - with its rugged
bonannow - leaves, the figures of our fellow slaves moving
about the huts, and hear their voices. Alas ! sad and melan¬
choly arc the voices of those who work upon his Majesty’s
Plantations. Two old impresses went about among the new¬
comers carrying a buckctfull of their yellow mess, which they
distributed among us, and giving us to understand that this
bond of yellow porridge, or loblollie, made out of Indinn
com, was all we should have before dinner. They also gave us
to understand in their broken English, which i- far worse than
the jargon talked by some of our country people, that we
should have to prepare our own mi als for the future, and that
they would show us how to make this delectable mess.
“Eat it,” said Bamaby; “a pig is better fed at home.
Eat it, Robin, lest thou faint in the sun. Perhaps there will
be something better for dinner. Heigho! only to think of
Mother Rosemary’s, where I thought to lie last night!
Patience, lads ! ”
One would not seem to dwell too long on the simple fare of
convicts, therefore I will say, once for all, that our rations
consisted of nothing at all but the Indian meal and of salt
beef or salt fish. The old hands and the negro slaves know
how to improve their fare in many ways, and humane masters
will give their servants quantities’ of the fruits such as
grow lief in great abundance - as plantains, lemons, lymes,
honannmvs, guavas, and the like. And many of the black
slaves have small gardens behind their huts, where they grow
onions, yams, potatoes, and other tilings which they cultivate
on Sundays. They are all great thieves also, stealing, when¬
ever they can, poultry, eggs, and fruit, so that they grow fat
and sleek, while the white servants daily grow more meagre,
and fall into diseases by reason of the poorness of their food.
Then, as to drink, there arc many kinds of drink (apart from the
wines of Spain, Portugal, Canary, Madeira, and Prance) made in
the country itself, such as mobbie, which is a fermented liquor of
potatoes ; and pernio, from the liquor of chewed enssavy root;
punch, which is water and sugar left to work for ten days;
rum, which is distilled in every Ingenio, and is a spirit ns strong
as brandy, anil said to be more wholesome. Those who have been
long in the island, even the servants, though without a penny,
know how and where to get these drinks; and since there is
no consoler, to the common sort, so good as strong drink, those
who are able to drink every day of these things become some¬
what reconciled to their lot,
“ Come out, ye dogs of rebels and traitors!” It was the
loud and lmrsli’ voice of the master himself, who thus dis¬
turbed us at our breakfast. "1'iviis his custom thus to rise
enrlv, and to witness the beginning of the day's work. And
’twits his kindly nature which impelled him thus to welcome
and encourage l’lis ucwly-lHiiight slaves. ” Come out, I say !
Ye shall now show of what stuff ye are made. Instead of
pulling down your luwful King, ye shall pull up your lawful
master and make him rich. If ye never did a day’s work in
your lives, ye shall now learn the how by the must. Come
forth, 1 say, ye lazy, guzzling skulkers!"
“Av, av,” said Bamaby, leisurely scraping his bowl, “we
are like, indeed, to be overfed here." He rolled sailor fashion
out of the hut.
“ Bamaby,” I said, “ for God's sake say nothing to anger
the master! There is no help but in patience and in hope.”
So we. too, went forth. The master, redfaced as he was,
looked as if he had been drinking already.
“So,” heeried, “here is the learned physician. Your health,
Doctor. And here is the gnllant Captain, who was once a
sailor. The airof the fields. Captain, will remind you, perchance,
of the quarter-deck. This young gentleman looks so gallant
and gav that I warrant he will ply the hoe with a light and
froliek heart. Your healths, gentlemen. Hark ye now. You
are come of a good stock, I hear. Therefore have I bought
you at a great price, looking to get my money back and more.
Some planters would suffer you to lie at your ease cockered up
with bonavist mid Madeira till the money comes. As for me,
I shall now show you what you will continue to do, unless the
money comes. Therefore you will at once, 1 doubt not, ask
for paper and pen and presently write. Sixty pounds a-piece,
entlemcn- not otic penny less—will purchnsc your freedom,
'ill then, the fields. And no difference between white and
black; but one whip for both.”
We made no reply, but took the hoes which were given out
to us and marched with the rest of the melancholy troop.
There were as many blacks as whites. We were divided
into gnngs; with ever)- gang a driver armed with a whip;
and over all the overseers, who, by their severity, showed
their zeal for the master. The condition of slavery hath in it
something devilish, both for those who are slaves and those
who are masters. The former it drives into despair, and fills
with cunning, dishonesty, treachery, and revenge. Why, the
black slaves have been kin iwn to rise in rebellion, and while they
liad the power have iiillicted tortures unheard-of upon their
masters. The latter it makes cruel and unfeeling ; it tempts
them continuallv to sills of all kinds; it puts into tlieir power
the lives, the bodies—nay. tile very souls—of the poor folk whom
tliev buy. I do maintain, and conceal not my opinion, that
no man ought, in a Christian country, to be a slave except for
a term of years, and then for punishment. I have been my¬
self a slave, and I know the misery and the injustice of the
condition. But it is idle to hope that the planters will abandon
this means of cultivating tlieir estates, and it is certain that in
hot countries no man will work except by compulsion.
The whip enrried by the driver is u dreadful instrument,
long, thick, and strongly plaited, with a short handle. It is
coiled and slnng round the shoulders when it is not being used
to terrify or to punish, aud I know well that its loud crock
produces upon the mind a sensation of fear and of horror such
os the thunder of artillery or the sight of the enemy charging
could never cause even to a coward. The fellows are also
extremely dextrous in the use of it: they can inttict a
punishment not worse than the flogging of a schoolboy; or,
with no greater outward show of strength, they will cut and
gash the flesh like a Russian executioner with the cruel instru¬
ment which they call the knout.
For slight offences, such as laziness or carelessness m the
field, the former is administered; but for serious offences, the
latter. One sad execution (I cannot call it less) I myself
witnessed. What the poor wretch had done I know not, but
1 can never forget his piercing shrieks as the whip cut into
the bleeding flesh. This is not punishment; it is savage
and revengeful cruelty. Yet the master and the overseers
looked on with callous eyes.
They marched us to n field about half a mile from our
village "or camp, and there, drawing us up in line, set
us to work. Our task was with the hoe, to dig ont. square
holes, each of the same depth and size, in which the sugar
canes are planted, a small niece of old cane being laid in each.
These holes are cut with regularity and exactness, in long
lines and equally distant from each other. It is the driver's
business to keep ail at work at the same rate of progress, so
that no one should lag behind, no one should stop to rest or
breathe, no one should do less than his neighbours. The poor
wretches with bent bodies streaming with their exertions,
speedily liecome afflicted with a burning thirst; tlieir legs
tremble ; their backs grow stiff and aelie ; their whole bodies
become full of pain ; and yet they may not rest nor stand
upright to breathe a while, nor stop to drink, until the driver
calls a halt. From time to time the negroes—men and women
alike—were dragged out of the ranks aud laid on the ground,
three or lour at a time, to receive lashes for not making the holes
deep enough or fust enough. At home, one can daily see the
poor creatures flogged in Bridewell; every day there are
rogues tied to the cart-wheel and flogged wellnigli to
death ; but a ploughman is not Hogged for the badness
of his furrow, nor is a cobbler flogged because lie maketh
bis sboon ill. And our men do not shriek and scream so
wildly ns the negroes, who are an ignorant people and have
never learned the least self-restraint. It was horrid also to
see how tlieir bodies were scarred with the marks of old
floggings and branded with letters to show by whom they had
been bought. As for our poor fellows, who had been brave
recruits in Monmouth’s army, they trembled at the sight and
worked all the harder; yet some of them with the tears in
their eyes, to think that they should be brought to such a
dismal'fate and to held with these poor, ignorant, black
people.
’T was the design of the master to set us to the very liar;lest
work from the beginning, so that we should be lie more
anxious to get remission of our pains. For it must not be
supposed that all the work on the estate was so hard and
irksome as that with the hoe—which is generally kept for the
strongest and hardest of the negroes, men and women, There
are many other employments; some are put to weed the canes,
acme to" fell wood, some to cleave it, some to attend the
Ingenio, the boiling-liouse, the still-house, the curing-house;
some to cut the maize, some to gather provisions, of bonavist,
maize, vams, potatoes, cassavy, and the like. Some for the
smith’s’ forge; some to attend to the oxen and sheep; some to
tile camels and ussinegoes, and the like; so that had the
master pleased he might have set us to work better fitted to
English gentlemen. Well, his greediness and cruelty were
defeated, as you shall presently see. As for the domestic economy
of the estate, there were on it 500 acres ot land, of which 200
were planted with sugar, 80 for pasture, 120 for wood, 00 lor
tobacco, 5 for ginger, and as many for cotton wool, and 70
for provisions—viz., corn, potatoes, plantains, cassavy, aud
bonavist—with a few for fruit. There were ninety-six negroes,
two or three Indian women with their children, and twenty-
eight Christian servants, of whom we were three.
At eleven o’clock we were marched back to dinner. At
one we went out again, the sun being at this time of the
day very fierce, though January is the coldest month in the
year. \\’e worked till six o’clock in the evening, when we
returned.
" This,” said Robin, with a groan, “ is what we have now
to do every day for ten years.”
“Heart up, lads!” said Bamaby; “our time will conic.
Give me time to turn round, as a body may say. Why, the
harbour is full of boats. Let me gel to the port and look
round a bit. If we had any money now—but that is past
praying for. Courage and patience! Doctor, you hoe too
fast.: no one looks for zeal. Follow the example of the black
fellows, who think all day long how they shall get off with us
little work as possible. As for their lush, 1 doubt whether
they dare to lav it about us, though they may talk. Because
you sec, even if we do not escape, we shall some time or other,
through the Rector's efforts, get a pardon, and then we arc
gentlemen again ; and when that moment arrives, 1 will make
this master of oura tight, willy-nilly, and 1 will kill him, d’ye
see, before 1 go home lo kill Benjamin.”
He then went on to discourse (either with the hope of raising
onr spirits or because it cheered his mind just to set them
forth) upon his plans for the means of escape.
“A boat,” he said, "1 can seize. There are many which
would serve our purpose. But a boat without victuals would
be of little use. One would not be accused of stealing, yet we
may have to break into the store and take therefrom some beef
or biscuit. But where to store our victuals r %Ve may have a
voyage of three or four hundred knots before us. That is
nothing for a tight little bout when the hurricane season is
over. We have no compass either—I must lay hands upon a
compass. The first Saturday night I will make for the port
and cast about. Lift up your head, Robin. Why, man, all bod
times pass if only one hath patience.”
It was this very working in the field by which the master
thought to drive us into despair, which caused in the long run
our deliverance, and that in the most unexpected manner.
I To be continued.}
Mr. Richard Arthur Bosanquet, youngest son of the late
Mr. Samuel Richard Bosanquet, of’Dingestow Court, Mon¬
mouth, and Ruth Rivers Thompson, eldest daughter of
Sir A. Rivers Thompson, K.C.S.I.. late Lieutenant-Governor of
Bengal, were married on Nov. 15 at St. Jude’s, South
Kensington. Mr. V. F. Courthope accompanied the bride¬
groom as best man. The bride was given away by her father.
There were seven bridesmaids—Misses Dora, Rachel, and Bertha
Rivers Thompson, sisters of the bride ; and Miss Bosanquet,
Miss Lloyd, and Misses Ethel and Lilian Bosanquet. nieces of
the bridegroom.
Science teaches ns that salt meat has considerably leas
nutritive power than fresh meat. The same principle applies
in a higher degree to liquid extracts of meat, or so-called
beef-tea, or bouillons. According to analysis bv Dr. Rudolf
Sendtner, published by the Royal Analytical" Institute of
Munich, most of these liquid extracts contain only a very
small proportion of real extract of meat, but an enormous
quantity of salt; and Dr. Sendtner obtained as n result that
the Liebig Company's extract of meat contains no added salt,
and, consequently, that beef-tea made from this company's
extract is of great nutritive value.
<4
“HIS FIRST VISIT TO THE FLOCK."
The sweet little stranger, the most innocent of human lamb*,
whom the sheep are looking at with natural surprise, has been
carried to the field by the shepherd’s wife, bringing perhaps
her husband’s dinner. Laid on the grass and carefully wrapped
up in shawls, guarded by the faithful dog who is the trusty
and familiar friend of the flock, this tender babe will slumber
in safety, and the fresh air will do him good. We are told, by
the title of the picture, that it is “ his first visit,” and he is
scarcely yet old enough to notice the difference between sheep
and dog. Happy is the child whose infant experiences are
those of pastoral life, not of street gutters, rattling wheels, a
chimney-smoke sky, a din of coarse, brawling voices, and the
sordid strife of town ! This picture, by Mr. S. G. Carter, was
much admired at the Institute of Painters in Oil Colours' last
exhibition. ______
The official returns of the Queen’s Edinburgh Rifle Brigade
for the year which closed on Oct. 31, show that the corps has
the large number of 2404 officers and men on the roll, of whom
2380 are effioients. The total of officers and sergeants earning
the extra capitation grant is 212, and 32 officers haVe passed in
tactics.
The three-days’ military fete at the Royal Aquarium—the
proceeds of which go towards the erection of a drill-hall for
the 2nd London Rifle Volunteers—was brought to a conclusion
on Saturday evening, Nov. 17, in the presence of a large
audience. In the various competitions, such as boxing, fencing,
tugs-of-war, both volunteers and regulars took part; and the
concluding item in a long programme was a display of mimic
warfare. This gave great satisfaction.
Miss Grace Hawthorne has kindly given permission for a
ticket benefit at the Royal Princess's Theatre for all morning
and evening performances from Monday, Nov. 19, to Friday,
Nov. 3o, on behalf of the Christ Church East London Half¬
penny Dinners. All tickets bought direct of Mrs. Priscilla Jay,
Christ Churoh Vicarage, Watney-street, E., will benefit the
charity. Last year over 40,000 dinners were provided for
X131 12s. r«l., including all working expenses and a new cooker.
The Copley medal of the Royal Society has this year been
awarded to Professor Huxley, in recognition of his investi¬
gations into the morphology and histology of vertebrate and
invertebrate animals, and for his services to biological soienoe
in general during many past years ; the Rumford medal is to
be given to Professor Tacchini, renowned for his researches
in solar physics ; and the Davy medal to Mr. Crookes, fof his
researches on the electric discharge in high vacua.
Mr. Arnold Morley, M.P., presided over a large gathering
at the Lambeth Baths on Nov. 17, when the twenty-seventh
series of winter meetings was opened. He expressed his sym¬
pathy with a movement the object of which was the recreation
and social amelioration of the people. He was glad to observe
in .South London a general desire to establish free libraries,
polvtechnie institutions, jieopie's parks, and picture galleries.
Mr. Causton, M.P., Mr. W. A. M’Arthur, Mr. J. H. Raper, and
Mr. G. Howlett also addressed the meeting.
Ready December J,
OUR CHRISTMAS NUMBER
COMPLETE STORY by D. CHRISTIE MURRAY,
Entitled “ PAUL JONES’S ALIAS’,"
llluntratetl by A. FORESSTIER.
“TWO CHRISTMAS EVES." By MASON JACKSON.
Illustrations by G. D. Leslie, U.A., A. Forestier, Stanley Berkeley,
LIR’IKN Davis, K. Hoi-kins, A. Quinton,
W. Wekkbs, G. p. J.uomh-Hoou, Louis Wain, and others.
THREE PRESENTATION PICTURES IN COLOURS,
Printed in the, Finret Style of Chroma-Lithography:
A DAUGHTER OF KYK. By L. W.lLLKB.
A HUNTING WE WILL GO. li.v C. T. OAKLAND.
CHARMING KATE. By FLOllEXCK GllAVIEK.
VERS S3 TO THE ILLUSTRATIONS. By JOHN LASH LATEY.
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THE CHILDREN’S ANNUAL,
FATHER CHRISTMAS,
CHILDREN'S STORY, entitled “ The Golden Horseshoes.”
By HORACE LKXNARD. Illustrated by GEORGE CRUIKSHANK.
Superbly Printed on Superfine Paper.
WITH A PRESENTATION PICTURE,
Entitled “RED RIDING HOOD.”
Fainted by G. Hill yard Swlwstead, and accepted for Exhibition by the
Koyal Academy.
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NOV. 24, 1S8*
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
619
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
WINTER LIFE.
Now that the “ sere and yellow " season is almost on the wane,
life in the fields appears to be settling down into it* winter
moods and tenses. Bare fields and naked branches will soon
be the normal state of things out-of-doors, and onlv the ever¬
greens will remain to remind ns of the rosy time of year. The
puzzle of life includes among its many details the considera¬
tion of the manner in which plants which do not die down
after a single season's life, contrive to husband their vital
resources, and to survive through winters cold until the neat
spring colls forth their energies anew. From a thought such
as this, one’s mind careers forth to moke further inquiries
about animals that seem to repose during the cold season
in that state of life to which learned folk apply the
term ‘-hibernation.” The cold season is the zero-time of
vitality. When we think of the results which winter
naturally brings to Life's children, we may gain some idea
of the effects upon this “ fine old world of ours ” of
glacial epochs and ice ages, which, after all, were but winters
on a big, if somewhat erratic, scale. Seasonal variations, to
use an apt term of science, mean much, or everything, to
animals and plants. Cold and heat are Nature's chief con¬
ditions. under which all her children live and flourish or
contrariwise, succumb and perish. Life in one phase may be
extinguished by cold ; the advent of winter is the death-
warrant for many animals and plants. Others, again, have
learned to tide over the cold and the snow. They-have acquired
a more determined vitality than their less robust and more
transient neighbours, and they contrive to hnsband resources
and to eke out subsistence until the warmer days bring them
once again into their safe havens. The difference between
living things which are annuals, to use the gardener’s term
and those which are perennial, to my mind, merely expresses
the result of some fortunate habit or other on the part of the
temporary and persistent organisms respectively. Once upon
a time, they contrived to tide over the cold season, in twos
and threes, and by virtue of transmitted vigour, have come
to number their days in years, in place of months.
What is true of plants holds good of animals also. A
juvenile friend of mine, who, like most children, is a most
pertinent questioner about Nature's wavs and works, asked me
lately, as a person likely to know. " Where do the flies go to in
winter.’" I am afraid my somewhat evasive reply-disappointed
niv interrogator, and invested him with a certain amount of
disrespect for the universality and completeness of scientific
knowledge, which I trust he will amend and correct as
the days pass over his head. In truth, he might as
well have asked me “Where all the pins go to."’ in
?r?L f ?o- a8 tlle !' OSBit> ility of an accurate reply is concerned,
that flies must hibernate somewhere and somehow is evident
Knowing that fW ricum cx r/'ro, as old Redi put it three
hundred years ago, is a rule of Natnre which seems to want
Jhe proverbial exception, one most presume, logically,
that the flies of each year transmit their likeness onwards to
the next. You cannot, on the clear principle of /> nihi/o
get a fresh crop of flies out of nothing. Therefore,
either parent insect* or preserved eggs (in a zoological sense)
must see each winter and spring out and over, and must wake
up into active life in the summer, when the social nuisances
buzz about our ears, tickle our noses, scratch onr furniture
with their tongues, anil drown themselves in the cream bv
ivav of adding insult to injury. I read the other dav of some
prying tinman being who, in the coarse of an investigation in
his housetops, came upon crowds of lethargic flies clustered on
the ratters of hisdomicile. Doubtless, these were the survivors
of the fly-paper, spider, and towel-crusades of summer. There
j s , n '» r< : in s, "'b a discovery than meets the eye. Instinct,
blind, it may be. but all the more unerring on that account,
led these belated flics to hide themselves in a place where their
winter slumbers were unlikely to he disturbed. Save when a
cistern has tobecleaned ont (aduty which,unfortunately. Pater¬
familias is not given to regard at all as a necessity for health)
humanity, unlike the cats, rarely ventures towards the tiles. The
winter sleep of the flies is undisturbed. Comatose as a drugged
man, the fly adheres to the rafters, and snores all through the
cold. Life dies down, but is not extinguished. Then, when
the warm weather arrives, fly-anatomy receives a physiological
fillip. The heart begins to beat more quickly, and'flv-nature
awakes to the notion that “thingsare getting lively." as the
boys say. Then hunger asserts its universal sway. Cautiously,
one by one, we can imagine the half-frozen flies thawing
themselves in the sunshine. We know how they do apjiear
at first, by twos and threes, and how they gradually increase
m numerical strength by leaps and starts. And so, in a week
or two, the rafters will be deserted, and the beginnings of a
fresh summer-pojiulation will make their advent from the
croji of eggs that has been deposited and developed with ail
the industry inherent in the reviving colony.
Science may lead ns. by aid of parallels, a little nearer still
towards this problem of habit as influencing the successful
tiding over of life’s hard tiroes and seasons. For one thing,
we know of many instances and examples of living things
surviving the extremes of heat and cold. There are germs
you may boil for lengthened periods, but which revive and
multiply when they cool down. There are plants which
flourish m dreary Arctic wastes amid perpetual ice and snow.
All we seem to require for recovery from untoward conditions,
!JVi C fashionable physician puts it to his gouty patient, is
hlasticity of constitution ’’: and it is not to be denied that some
animals and plants fully illustrate this desirable constitutional
quality. There is a group of animalcules, for example, known
as the Rot ifpra, or “ wheel-animalcules.” They were first made
known to science by old Leeuwenhoek, a Dutchman, who was
among the first to take to grinding microscope-lenses. He
found them in the debris of the gntters on his house-roof, and
iigured their *• wheels.” from which the animalcules derive
their name. These “ wheels” do not revolve, however, but are
simply discs fringed with vibrating threads or cilia, and by
their aid the animalcules swim freely in their native
waters. Experiment has shown us that these wheel-
bearers possess an “ elasticity of constitution ” to be
admired and envied. You can dry them up from the micro¬
scope-slide on which they are careering in all their
activity. You may keep them for weeks, months, or even
years in this desiccated state, dried and parched as mummies :
yet. upon.the application of a little moisture, they resume all
the functions of life with renewed vigour. Now, a wheel-
^alcule is much more than a speck of protoplasm. It is a
highly-organised animal, with nerves, digestive apparatus,
and so forth, all complete. In what state or condition it exists
as the dried atom, I know not. Science calls this state one of
“dormant vitality” ; but that, of course, is a mere name, and
explains nothing. Yet the case of the “ wheel-bearers ” teaches
us a lesson regarding life at large. Somehow or other they
have succeeded in resisting heat and cold, dryness, and other
conditions injurious to life at large. Their higher and lower
neighbours, who live on through winters to succeeding springs
and summers, have only imitated the “ wheel-hearers ” afar off,
in that they resist the chill which sends countless numbers of
their fellows to their graves. Andrew Wilson.
CHE8S.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Com muni rot ions for this department should be addressed to the Chess Editor.
W Hkrtzmax (A he rdar *).—Your pm»*l«in i« neat, Inn very elementary in nle*. it
is it |h.*ii ion of n lyi>e as old ns tlie hills.
Mrs w j Rai it d.—F urther examination of yonr proWem leads us to think it
scarcely doci you justice. We should like that in three moves in excluuce.
W Parsons.— In both problem* White's play is what we would call * brutal." Rlack
limiio resource* le dins to other interesting mating positions, and White just
cornea out what h« threatens.
Db Law iS hefflehn.-Thanks for problem, which shall receivo due attention.
Dr RotrUMnroHTH (Birmingham!.— No ; Black replies by 1. P to K 3rd.
Likctrnaxt-Colokrl Lora ink.—.!. Wade. Tavj stock-street, Co vent-garden, W.C.
B W La Moth* (New York).—Mati^ t batiks for corrected diagram. Tbo other was
re bad D‘
nndergi ___
Blair 11 cochbanb.-i. q to R Mb.
K B Schwann.-A pply to D. Nutt, strand, w
J Dk n Larpkxt.-I. There is no rust near
l exhaustively examined it
uuneraf inn. 3. It is not approved
irahfy impresses
Bbbxaiwi it kynoi.dk. -a casual insja-ction of your problem fat.. .
us, and it is marked for further examination with a \ icw to putdiemtion.
<i .1 si.atkr.—T hey are very acceptable, and shall have early publicity.
‘Z™ cbt'ai matter *n* >s to press SO early that question*
requiring a reply one week should roach the oHIcc not liter than eight days before.
Co ',"‘• TI “C‘ »» P»on,..» N„ SB, received .. «• v„i, BererhomH
n piii/or S . vv^n < .^re. U !. r ?* J '., of f N "’ Jr 0 ," 1 E* her Hurt on, J OHankin,
Lieiiienarir-Cnboinl Lotwine (NeweaMlo-on-T>ne*. J (i llankin.'w H Reetl'tLiver-
tKM.h, John t. (.rant, TO (Ware), W R Haiublin, Bernard Reynolds, w Yon
Beverhomit, and Joseph T Pullen.
Bernard Re) n< dds. c K P. Rev Leonard Matson I Bedford), U T (Busbeyl, Petcr-
l ii"u ’ K R Blindt, John G Grant. W II Heed tl.iver|N»d>. J J B
illHlItnghtiry), J IlalL W R Itaillem. Julia Short, W J (Vietoria). A w Hamilton
V , U 11 v N Banks, Dane John. J Blarkie. Dawn. « Harris,
l.icot -t ni Lonune. Purer Kwen, H S It iBusbey), R H Brooks. Columbus,
. r L . i or-ttands). J Hepworth Shaw. Thomas Chown. EANislietl,
Jo-rp b T I ullrn. J G llankin. Mary Coxens Hardy. Maurice It Pit/.manner, A W
nr i”. 1 * eli « J Ve.xle, J Dixon (Colchester), E iucas,
l)r. Law (Sheffield), Blair H Cochrane, and Bontchcr i Bourne find'.
Solution of problem No. 2325.
WHITE. BLACK.
1. Q to R 6th KtoB 3rd
2. Kt to K 4th (ch) K to K 4th
8. Q to q 5th. Mate.
a - 1 , b R, ? r , k , « h , V ’’Q V «li (dll; if 1 . Kt takes q. then 2. Kt to
"ichi i ' * ** K ,0 V 2n,, «'benAqioqMli ; and i. P to K ant, then 2 . q takes
WHITE.
White to piny, and mnte in three moves.
CHESS AT CLIFTON.
The following skirmish was placed between Mr.PRYDBAITXand Mr. Roorne.
< i'irnna Gamt.i
BLACK (Mr. B.) I WHITE (Mr. P.» BLACK (Mr. B.)
P to K ith i 12. y to B 3rd
“ «» q B 3rd
white (Mr. P.)
1. P to K 4th
2. Kt toy B 3rd
3. P to B 4th
4. Kt to B 3rd
6. P toy 4th
H to q B 4th is
5.
6. P to Q 5th
7. B takes P
8. B Likes Kt P
A bad square *..r
P takiN I*
o K Kt 4th
(lack, and he
I 12.
Q takes R (ch)
y take* R
Kt to y B 3rd
Kt to K 3rd
B lakes B
13. K to Q 2nd
me usual ; 14. B takes y
P to Kt Ath 15. Kilo Kt 5th
P takes Kt ilfi. BtoQB lth
P takes I* |I7. Kt lakes B (eh) K to y *q
y Ki to K 2nd I 18. y to R (Ith (ch > K to B 2nd
he Kt, shutting m.th ,9 - Kt to Kt 5th <ch) K to Kt 3rd
». Q to Q 6th PtoQR 4th
9. P to Q bill P takes P Black might still have made some ffirht
10. B takes QP y to Kt 3rd by H to q **. If, then, q take* K Kt,
Another useless move. Kt to Kt 3rd is p Q 4th - p p . B 3rd, Ac.
the natural and correct play. [21. Q takes Kt P to Q 3rd
11. K K to B *i Q takes Kt P I White mates In three moves.
CHESS IN HERTFORDSHIRE.
Game played at Ware, between Mr. F. X. Braund and another Amateur.
(\fiu to Gambit.)
BLACK
( Anmtenr.)
P to K 4th
P take* I*
P U> K Kt 4th
P to Kt 5th
P takes Kt
y to B3rd
1. P to K 4th
2. P to K B 4th
3. Kt to KB 3rd
4. B to B 4th
5. Castles
6. Q takes P
7. P to Q 3rd
The Russian attack.
7. P to Q 4th
8. B takes Q P P to B 3rd
9. B to Kt 3rd B to y 3rd
B to K 3rd is the correct move.
10. Kt to B 3rd B to K 3rd
1). Stakes P B takes y B
12. Q takes B Q takes Q
13. R takes Q Kt to Q 2nd
B talers B is preferable, followed by
Kt to K 2nd. Castles, and Kt to q 2nd.
14. P to Q 4th B takes B
15. R P takes B P to Q R 3rd
16. Q R to K B sq Castles
Giving tip a P to no purpose.
17. R takes P Kt to R 3rd
18. K R to B 4th Q R to B sq
19. P to Q Kt 4th
20. K takes R
21. P to K Kt 3rd
K takes R
K to B sq
Kt to B 2nd
23. R takes R
24. Kt to K 4th
25. P to B 3rd
26. K to B 2nd
> more than a match
Kt to Q sq
Kt takes R
Q Kt to K 3rd
P to R 3rd
Kt to Kt 4th
cry weak; White haa it all his o
way n
27. Kt takes Kt
28. K to R 3rd
29. K to Kt 4th
30. P to R 4th
31. P takes P
32. P to R 5th
33. K to B 5th
34. P to B 4th
35. P to Q 6th
36. P takes P
37. P takes P
38. K to B 4th
39. K to K 4th
40. K to Q 4th
41. K to B 4th
42. P to K 6th
43. K to Kt 5th,
and wins.
P takes Kt
Kt to K 3rd
K to Q 2nd
P takes P
K to K 2nd
P to Kt 3rd
Kt to Q sq
Kt to B 2nd
P takes P
P to R 4th
P takes P
Kt to R 3rd
Kt to B 2nd
Kt to K 3rd
Kt toKt Ath
K to Q 3rd
On Saturday, Nov. 17. Mr. Blockburne gave a blindfold performance
the British Chess Club, engaging simultaneously eight of Ita members. \
Blackbume waa In good form, and succeeded in winning five games ai
drawing three.
An extensive show of foreign and British cage-birds has
been held at the People’s Palace in Mile End-road.
In reply to the request of Lord Knatsford, the Acting-
Governor of Queensland, Sir Arthur H. Palmer, has telegraphed
an explanation of the grounds of the objection entertained by
the Colonial Government to the Appointment of Sir H. A. Blalce.
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Very touching and yet dignified are the words with which the
Empress Frederick prefaces the newly-pnblished record of her
husband's career, which has been pre|>ared, at her request, by
Mr. Rennell Rodd. At the moment of the landing on onr
shores, probably for a protracted stay, of that Roval danghter
of the Queen who, thirty years ago, left England as a bride,
toere appears this touching record, in which, without one
word of complaint for her lot, the widowed lady all uncon¬
sciously calls npen the sympathies of her own people:—
• 1 hose in humbler walks of life who are denied many of the
blessings enjoyed by the rich, to whose lot fall the so-called
good things of this world, are often apt to imagine that their
bnrden is the hardest to bear, that struggles, and pains, and
tears are only for them. These, perhaps, will think differently
when they read. . . . They will be able to enter in some
degree into the depths of regret and disappointment felt by a
Ruler who loved his people at being unable to carry
out the long-cherished plans for their welfare that he
had so mnch at heart. . . . Grief and jiain come alike to all;
broken hearts are to be found in palaces as well as in cottages,
and the bond of brotherhood seems strongest when love and
pity unite all hearts." Ala* ! that in the mysterious arrange¬
ments of this world of trial it is precisely that “ depth of regret
and disappointment" which has befallen the noble writer of
these touching words! The Empress refers to her husband,
for whom all disappointment and sense of loss are over now.
Must we not, in that bond of sisterhood which she claims, feel
sorrow for the disappointment of her whose generous ideals
and hopes have ever been apparent, and to whom the
larger opportunities of the highest station in a realm are
Mosed for ever ? Because of her sex, Empress Victoria has
doubly missed that power—her younger brother taking her
place on one throne, her son on another ; and a rare character
and high moral and intellectual culture seem to be brought to
naught. So in the palace as in the humbler home, opjror-
tnnities evade a woman's hand ; and, from Royal ladies down¬
wards. many of ns must feel with Madame Pe .Stael when she
uttered that mournful saying—“Of all the faculties born in
me, the only one that has been exercised to the full is that of
sorrow! ”
The time is now here when women ratepayers will he
called on to exercise their most important franchise in London
and in various other large towns in which School Hoards were
elected immediately after the passing of the Education Act.
The School Boards, whether from the point of view of the
functions they discharge or the money they expend, are very
important representative bodies, and every woman who has a
vote should regard it as a duty to give Borne attention to
returning suitable persons to be members of those Boards.
Of coarse, where there is a lady candidate, the voters of her
own sex will give special attention to her qualifications, aud
vote for her if they find no reason against doing so in her
personality or opinions.
It is a curious circumstance that while the /sidy’*
Pictorial can always be relied upon to consider justly
the wider interests of the sex which it represents, another
sixpenny “ladies' paper” appears to think that it commends
itself to it* readers by frequently assuring them of their
stupidity, incomjtetence, and inconsiderable value. Last
week an article in that journal declared that the exercise
of the school suffrage by women in America proved that the
female voters cared for nothing but theological disputes, and
tried to destroy religious liberty. At home, however, we have
had sufficient experience of women's voting for School Boards to
know the faisity of such a suggestion; for though, when
religious questions are njipermost, women as well as men
naturally vote in accordance with their individual convictions,
there has been no ground whatever for the supposition that
the women voters have, as a class, used their power under
clerical dictation. This week, that same journal declares that
“a very considerable proportion of the women who have been
elected on previous Boards have been wordy spouters"—a
statement as untrue to fact as it is vulgar in phraseology.
The Duke of Arg.vle mentioned the other day that the late
Lord Lawrence told him that one of the good points of the
ladies on the Board over which he presided was that “ they did
not talk as mnch as the men ” ; and, as a fact, it so happens
that the irrepressible and incessant talkers of that Board have
throughout been of what is supposed to be the more taciturn
sex ! A reference to the fairly full reports of the Board
meetings which appear week by week in the School Board
Chronicle would indubitably prove this fact to demonstration ;
but, of course, I speak from personal knowledge. A record
was once, kept of the speaking of perhaps the most verbose
member of the Board at a committee, and it was fonnd that he
joined in the debates four times as often as all the four
ladies present pnt toget her—a sixteen-woman power of speech !
At the same time, nearly all the ladies who have been members
have been capable of speaking very well, and, when occasion
demanded, of prodneing great effect by their speeches, which,
of coarse, is a very desirable power, inasmuch as members
meet in the board and in the committees in order to discuss
questions and so infinence each other's votes.
Now is the time when nimble fingers may be set to work
to make dainty little gifts for Christmas "and New-Year's
offerings. The dolls’ dresses described in this column last
week would afford hint* to mammas and aunties for novelties
for the little ones. The modern tendency to scatter decorative
trifles about onr rooms affords opportunity for gifts to house¬
wives, while little nick-nacks for personal use can be made
for gentlemen. For instance, either a cushion for the study
easy-chair, a boot cupboard for the dressing-room, made of
plain deal enamelled and then painted, a hanging case to hold
the shaving materials, or an embroidered loose cover for a
book would be a nice gift for a young lady to present as the
work of her own hands to her husband or father.
A very comfortable cushion for a weary head to rest upon
while the evening paper or an interesting book beguiles the
busy brain from thoughts of the day’s work, is shaped like a
melon. It is made by catting out half-a-dozen pieoes of silk,
satin, or cretonne into a long oval shape, and rnnning them
together with a piping of some contrasting colour or a
flat piece of ribbon covering the join hetween each section ; at
the end the pieces narrow enough to all meet and join, beneath
a large full “ cabbage" bow of ribbon or oord matching the
trimming. The stuffing can be feathers, “ mill-puff " (bought
at the upholsterer’s), or paper torn up very small. Such head-
cushions should not be too fully stuffed ; it is a good plan to
try them under your own head, and fill as mnch a* is com¬
fortable. (Bv-tbe-way, if the intended nser pomades his hair,
a loose pinafore-cover of artistio muslin that will wash is
advisable.) The hanging case for shaving materials is a
single shelf about a foot long, procured from the oar-
penter, and neatly covered in plnsh, with a strip of plush
strengthened by American leather forming a back to nail
on the wall. A loose plush pocket at either end hongs
down from the shelf, one end taking brush and comb, the
other a folding mirror; while the soap-dish and razor-case
incidental to the interesting toilet operation in view stand on
the shelf. Florence Fenwick-Miller.
mm
the ILLUSTKATKI* LUX DUN NEWS, Not. 21, 188S.— 621
I
nc THE EXHIBITION OF THE 1NSTITFTE OF PAINTERS
TTIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 24, 1888
G22
RAMSGATE AND THE ISLE OF THANET
AS A WINTER RESORT.
For the last two or three rears I have been going to write this
article; hut I have put it off. from time to time, in order to be
quite oertain that I was not yielding to a sudden impulse, the
result of which might lie to mislead those whom I particularly
hoped to benefit. I had long considered Ramsgate as one of
the finest winter seaside resorts, for a certain class of
jiersons, to be found within a measurable distance of London.
It is not everyone who can afford to spend their time and
money in wintering abroad : yet there are many “ whom
Providence has not blessed with affluence ” (as an old form of
advertisement used to put it), but for whose happiness—that
is, for whose health (which is very nearly the same thing)—
the purest air is essential ; while for their business, which
must be attended to “ first,” in order that they may take their
pleasure *• afterwards,” proximity to, or residence in, London
for the greater part of the week is absolutely necessary. For
those who like to take London with them wherever they go,
there is Brighton always handy ; but neither Brighton air nor
Brighton life agrees with everybody, though for a number of
busy people the advantages it has to offer are considerable.
Residence at Brighton means a repetition of town life,
more or less, only with better air to enable yon to continue
the round of gaiety and festivity, ('hacun a son gout, and this,
according to the schoolboy’s translation with which we are
all familiar, reminds me that even for a certain variety of
gouty persons Ramsgate is an excellent place in the winter.
Some folk like to talk about “going out of England for
the winter.” These can be accommodated at Ramsgate, which,
being in the Isle of Thanet, may be spoken of as not in England
any more than arc the Isle of Wight, the Isle of Man, or
the Reilly Islands. And it has one great advantage over
these islands, that you can get to it from London without
any chance of an unpleasant sea-jiassage. The River Stour
kindly makes Ramsgate an island, and the new Local Govern¬
ment Bill has given Thanet as much Home Rule as it wants for
the present, though the people of Ramsgate are still a down¬
trodden and oppressed race, who only wait their opportunity
to rebel against the tyranny of sleepy old Sandwich and throw
off the yoke of the Sandwich-men for ever. Not a license
can be granted, scarcely a wrong can be remedied, little, in fact,
can be effected for the benefit of Ramsgate, without the
express sanction of Sandwich ! And what is Sandwich ?—a
dear old Anglo-Dutch place, quiet as an oyster in its bed,
where two men in a street make a crowd, and where ancient
mansions with ancient gardens and old fruit-trees can be obtained
for that very equivocal price known as “ an old song.” Anyone
who “cannot sing the old song” will not find himself
welcomed aR a purchaser at Sandwich. But it is a Cinque
Port, it is a curiosity, its Townhall is remarkable for its
genuine Elizabethan decorations, and among the many attrac¬
tions which the Isle of Thanet has to offer to its visitors is the
novelty of one of the best golf-grounds in England, which is
to be found on the three or four miles' stretch of sandy flats
between Sandwich and Deal. Already golf is bringing enthu¬
siastic players from all quarters to wake up Sleepy Sandwich.
Real Ramsgate weather—which means a glorious morning
with a west wind or a sonth-west, or even a mild east wind with
a little north in it—from which shelter is easily attainable —
or a south wind with a delicate touch of east, just to remind
ns that we are only mortal, commences in September, and, with
an interval of uncertainty abont February and March, lasts
right up to the middle of May ; and of all the months. October,
November, Deopmber, January, and April, are the best.
Rain is not frequent at Ramsgate : this corner of Thanet
esca|>es it, to a great extent. When it does rain, it makes np
for former parsimony,and corae6 down handsomely. Directly
the rain is over the promenades aredry,and, if still “ spitting,”
you can put on any old waterproof and walk dry shod on East or
West Cliff. The air is so pure that, in the rain, you will get
your “ whet" for your appetite before dinner. Now and again
there is a very heavy fall of snow, when the aspect of the
piers and harbour is most picturesque, and the air is crisp and
bracing. In the town the snow-clearers are at work within an
hoar of the cessation of the snowfall, and the traffic in the
streets is never inconveniently impeded. The drainage is most
satisfactory, water is abundant, and its quality excellent.
Every day in 44 typical Ramsgate weather ” the residents
might join in the opening chorus of “ Masaniello” :—“ Behold !
Behold 1 how brightly breaks the morning ! ” with perfect
truth. So they can at Westgate. only they’ll have to
dance and clap their hands as well. On these mornings,
the colour of the sea is as bright a bine as that of the
Mediterranean, and the rippling waves glitter in the
golden sunlight. I have frequently been disappointed
with the colour of the Mediterranean; but, not expecting
so much fromthe Channel, I have never been disappointed with
the sea at Ramsgate. And then, what variety ! What changes
in the scene are effected by the clond-shifters ! For the invalid
there are the promenades of the West and East Cliff, the
Marina, the East and West Pier, and round about the harbour,
always amusing, with its shipping in the outer and inner basin,
the different yachts, the foreign fishing-boats, the picturesque
costumes of sailors of many nationalities on the quay there is
the bnstling life of a seaport town in miniature, and the view
of Ramsgate from the end of either pier is of a quaint irregu¬
larly built town, which for the most part has preferred to
remain old-fashioned and comfortable, and has very little to
show on its sea-front, at all events, of the work of the cheap
and vnlgar villa builder. There are plenty of comfortable old-
fashioned hosfcelries, which like to call themselves hotels, but
are 44 inns; ” and on the East Cliff is the now' well-known
Granville Hotel, 44 all of the modern type,” with every
luxury and comfort, its billiard-rooms, reading-rooms, lawn-
tennis courts, and baths of every description. Excellent resi¬
dences, too, with and without stabling, which, aR Ramsgate,
thank Heaven ! is never likely to become fashionable, can be
obtained for the winter months at very reasonable prices. It is
a bit of a sporting place, is Ramsgate, and provides its due
contingent to the Thanet Harriers, a well-hunted pack that gives
the youthful sportsman plenty of amusement, and provides
for the middle-aged heavy-weight a good excuse for pound¬
ing about over the fields, and getting a good two hours and
a half gallop in the morning between early breakfast and
lanch-time. And what a oountry to ride over, when, late
in October and through November and December, so many of
tho fields are bare and, by the kind permission of the farmers,
yon can ride more or less straight for two or three miles, and
this without blowing your horse up-hill or bringing him on
his nose down-hill, and where there is no more formidable
obstruction that an occasional sheep-hurdle, which yon needn't
Lake unless you like, as there U generally a longer aud a
safer route —you have to beware of “ roots ’—which skirts the
hurdles and still keeps you within touch of the hounds. For
health few things are better thnn a gallop with Ambrose
Collard and the Thanet Harriers between eleven and two on
a fine w inter morning in typical Ramsgate weather.
The harriers offer the resident or the visitor a grand chance
of seeing the island. Among their meets are Sea Mark,
Sarre, and Birchington. which is next door to Westgate;
yet, oddly enough, the name of Westgate is not on any sign¬
post that I've ever come across, and they are well off for
sign-posts in the island. Why ignore Westgate ? Is it that
Westgate is jnst a bit too modern and fashionable for Thanet,
and Thanet hasn't quite accustomed itself to the novelty ?
At all events, the name of Westgate is not written up on
any indicating arm. but, instead, you will read “ Garlinge,”
which is the name of the old village hidden away behind
Westgate, of which the latter is only in reality a department;
and the traveller unacquainted with the locality may des¬
pairingly relinquish his search for Westgate. under the im-
ression that it may have disappeared into the sea. The
arriers meet at Acol. Ilengrove, Minster, Cliff’s End and Man¬
sion, the two last-mentioned places being within easy walking
distance of Ramsgate. Sometimes they go so far afield as
w'hat is called the Herne country, which is towards Herne Bay.
Here, of course, the visitor may expect to meet Herne the
Hunter, but I have never heard of his being out with the pock.
The pedestrian can have a good time, and the cyclist a
famous turn of it, as there are few better roads for wheels
than those which take yon around by Sarre and Canterbury
and back by Wingham and the picturesque little villages
through which- you can pass between Sarre and Ash. after
crossing the River Stour at Grove Ferry, and, after Ash, to
Sandwich, and so along the Sandwich flats back to Ramsgate.
And all so interesting ! Whether you are anxious to discover
the exact spot where Julius Csesar waded in the sea like an
early shrimper, or where a Roman contingent put in at
Whitstable and astonished the natives, or if yon wish
to dispute with the Pegwellians as to whether the hand¬
some cross they have erected in a field belonging to Lord
Granville actually marks the exact place where St. Angustine—
having recovered from his voyage and safely landed with his
missionary clergy from Rome—advanced to meet the heathen
Saxon King aud his Christian Queen ; or if, as an archeologist,
you are interested in Richborough Castle, in the old Roman camp,
or in the old churches—and those of Ash and Minster are, I
believe, among the oldest in England—or whether you be a
geologist, or naturalist, you will find plenty to occupy your
attention in tne coarse of any walk in and about the Isle of
Thanet. There is, perhaps, a dearth of trees in the island,
but you enjoy them more when you do see them for
this very reason; and yet at Quex, at Cleeve Court, at
West Cliff (Mr. Warre's property), Manston, and notably
at Minster, where the lanes are shady avenues under
big trees, at Stone, at East Cliff (the late Sir Moses Monte-
fiore’s, now in the possession of Mr. Montefiore Sebag), at
Cliff's End (now taken by Dr. Cottle, I believe, who has
prescribed this for himself), and many other places, there
is a large variety of very fine trees, and when out riding yon
will come on clumpB of firs in most unlikely places;
while for fruit and vegetables, both in quality and quantity,
few places are better supplied than Ramsgate. Apropos of
Pegwell, let no one boast of a knowledge of shrimps until he
has had them fresh, and freshly potted, from Pegwell. Then, as
to excursions, the rover is free ” to choose; and the union of
the London. Chatham, and Dover and South-Eastern systems
on the west affords plenty of opportunities for exploring Deal,
Sandwich, and St. Margaret's Bay, en route to Dover. The line,
after leaving St. Lawrence, runs through this pay* Hollandais
between Minster and Sandwich, quite a Dutch picture of
meadow, plain, sea, wind-mills, with the onion-crowned tower
of a Sandwich church in the distance. Then after Deal the
scenery changes, gradually undulating and here and there
wooded, finishing with a triumphal curve of the railway¬
line which skirts Dover and affords a picturesque view
of the town, castle, and sea. From Dover to Shorncliffe
the railway passe* tinder Shakspeare’s Cliff—here take breath,
and get a little inspiration from the genius loci —and along
by the seashore for the greater part of the way, a delightful
run. From Shorncliffe to Hythe is about twenty minutes’
drive, and Hythe well repays a visit. By one train in the day,
alter et ret our, you can go to Shorncliffe and back, from Rams¬
gate, without changing carriages, and this allows you four
hours at Shorncliffe, which will include the above-mentioned
visit to Hythe. 44 If I were not Alexander 1 would be
Diogenes.” If I were not at Ramsgate I shonld choose
Hythe. Of course, even Ramsgate is not Paradise for every¬
one. Consult your physician—several of them, if yon like—
only, if yon do so.ontof a spirit of fairness, include *Dr. Hicks,
the doyen, I believe, of the Ramsgate doctors—the “ Dean of
the Faculty ”—and don’t forget the eminent practitioner whose
sensible article in the Fortnightly, on 44 The wear and tear of
London life,” attracted considerable attention, and who, I rather
fancy, will have a few words to say in favour of Ramsgate, in
certain cases, a* a winter resort. Much may be said on behalf
of Westgate, Birchington, and Margate, and generally of
the Isle of Thanet, at various seasons. Mr. Norman Lockyer
informs me that, away from “The Rockies.” there is no
such clear atmosphere at night as at Westgate, where
he has built his observatory. He tells me also that
during the most severe winter, the temperature at West-
gate was always sixteen degrees above that of London.
Westgate faces the north : therefore, as he himself put it to
me, Ramsgate must be still warmer. Ramsgate* suits some ;
Margate others : Westgate another set; and Broadstairs, betwixt
and between, suits a lot of people in what is called “ the season.”
Those who are unable to visit the seacoast of Thanet in the
winter will do so in the summer, when Westgate is the
aristocratic resort, being entirely free from cheap “ trippers.”
If I were a moderately - endowed Crtrsus, I would rather
possess an estate at Ramsgate on the West Cliff, with wood,
lawn, garden, and a beautiful view of the sea (the exact
spot was picked out years ago by Wei by Pngin, and is
still vacant—O the lucky chance!) than be fixed to any
other part of England ; and, failing thi*, I would lie some¬
where in the island—say, in the neighbourhood of Qnex,
which sounds rather like Central Africa—thorough country,
with plenty of fine old timber, open fields, winter galloping
to your heart’s content, and within an easy walk, or eusier
drive, of Westgate Station and of most of the principal places
in the island.
How about sea-fogs.’ Well, our sea-fogs are better than
any other sea-fogs, and at Ramsgate, I’ll answer for it, there’s no
coal smoke in them. Sometimes the sea-fogs confine themselves
to the sea and draw the line, very clearly defined, at the coast.
At other times, sea-fog comes ashore. Then beware ! Light the
fires, close the windows, and prepare to receive sen-tog, roila
I'enncmi! Yet he is generally an early visitor, and will have
come and gone before yon are up even for an early breakfast;
and the late breakfaster, at half-past nine or ten, will hardly
know that the sea-fog has been there, unless he walks oat on to
the lawn. Be-ready to meet sea-fog. respect your enemy, don’t
underrate him, and you will oonqner.
As a rule, after an early morning sea-fog in October, which
will occur when there has not been any rain for some time,
the sun comes out, illumines the scene, the “ganzes” are
cleared off, and, after the mysterious prologue, the beautiful
day drama begins, and probably the second act, about midday,
will be a scorcher. Venetian blinds down, windows open, sun¬
shades necessary, exercise delightful ; the flies, suddenly
revived, as bnzzy as ever, insects hamming and all alive O !
until just on four o’clock, when, as the sun goes to bed. so
you must take the hint and retire to your fireside, to read,
write, study, and with a little after-dinner sociability, spend
some of the pleasantest evenings of the whole year. Dense
white mists in the island are rare, but twice within ten years
I have lost my way in one, four miles away from Ramsgate.
Ramsgate does not offer you a town-life, but restand refresh¬
ment. There is no fashionable parade ; yon can dress as you
like and do as you like ; it is a country life and a seaside life,
and those who are fortunate enough to possess a house with a
garden such as the unique Gothic “ Grange,” built and laid out
by the celebrated Welby Pugin, to whose master hand is also
due the adjacent Catholic Church of St. Augustine, a perfect
model of pure Gothic, or West Cliff Lodge, the residence of
Captain Ilammond. are, to my mind, especially if their work
as well as their pleasure keeps them at Ramsgate, of all
mortals roost enviable.
Birohington-on-Sea, to judge by its name, ought to be
entirely devoted to schools ; but it isn’t, it is all Bungalows.
Westgate is chiefly a summer resort — a charming place, a
fashionable place, but in winter somewhat bleak, for it faces
north, as also does Margate. But Ramsgate faces south, and
there are parts fronting the sea. sheltered from the north,
and partially from the east wind (I speak from personal
experience), which, in certain cases, and uncertain ones,
too, are, during the winter months, an excellent substi¬
tute for the Riviera or St. Moritz. And to some persons, to be
sent to St. Moritz, or any other winter resort abroad, wonld be
simply banishment, as “home-sickness” would neutralise
the effect of the driest and purest air and most equable
climate. I have no interest in cracking up Ramsgate : on
the contrary, there is nothing to be gained by overcrowding,
bat I like to write in praise of a place which has done me and
mine so much good ; and then, I feel perfectly sure that,
unless Ramsgate totally changes its character in every way,
it never can become a merely fashionable seaside lounge.
It is seventy-five miles from town, so it can’t be reached in
an hour ; but it can be reached in exactly two hours by the
“ Granville Express,” on the London, Chatham, and Dover line,
which has the advantage over tho South-Eastern in running to
Ramsgate os its terminus (the South Eastern only looking in
and turning back again to go on to Margate,—poor taste, in ray
humble opinion) and also in having its station right on the
sands, so that the jaded visitor from London can be refreshed
immediately on his arrival with a full view of the sea, instead
of being landed at the back of the town, unable to tell what
the place is like nntil he has gone right through the main
thoroughfare to get at what he longs for—“ The sea, the sea,
the open sea! ” The business man whose family is residing
here can get down in two hoars on Saturday afternoon all the
year round, and if he doesn’t mind rising early on Monday
morning — should stem necessity require his presence in
London—he can leave at eight o’clock a.m. by the L. C. & D.
line, and be in his office by half-past ten. If he can take
from Saturday till Tuesday, or better, from Friday till Tuesday,
he will have two days for riding or walking, and on every
other Monday, from October to February, there is a meet of
the Thanet Harriers, which will shake him up, and give him
health and strength to bear the fog and fnss of London life.
In the Bnrnmer there is & capital Sunday morning train at
half-past ten, which, after setting down at Heme Bay, West-
gate, Margate, and Broadstairs, arrives at half-past twelve, and
in the winter the eleven a.m.“ boat express” from Victoria drops
passengers for Ramsgate at Faversham, where there is a train in
waiting that picks them npand lands them in Ramsgate at one
sharp—sharp as one’s appetite for lunch—and you ’ve all the
afternoon before you, which, in winter, means a good walk
from two till four, and inhaling pure air all day and night too.
The nights are usually lovely, and often comparatively warm.
There are excellent schools. Church of England and Dissenting,
Roman Catholic College for Boys and Convent School for
Girls, which information will be of use to families contem¬
plating residence and to those who want an excuse to run
down and see their boys and girls at school; and from what I
see of them all out walking, I should say the pupils are the
very embodiment of health. I most add that there are first-
rate boys' schools at Margate.
Of course, those in feeble health most be careful how they
parcel out their day, for the duration of the sun-warmth
in winter is limited to the time between eleven and three;
and after three, unless in very exceptional weather, it is better
to remain indoors. When patients go to a foreign watering-
place they take with them an introduction to a doctor who
knows the climate and who will prescribe certain treatment.
London physicians are just beginning to find out Ramsgate as
a winter resort. It is the old story of Xaaman the Syrian. The
waters of far. far away are to work miracles; but what is
well within reach is a “well” to be let alone, and, being
within reasonable means, it is despised. “ If the Prophet
had told thee to do some great thing ’’- Yes, the old story.
But when he says, “ i ry Ramsgate; only be circumspect and
take advice fro m those who know the place thoroughly,” then
the jiat.ient. who looks forward to the excitements of change
of living, of language, and society, foresees only dullness at so
old-fashioned a place as Ramsgate, with which, it may be, he
is totally unacquainted, confounding it with the August season
of cheap-trippers, donkey-boys, and the humours of Frith’s
picture “ On the Sand*,” turn* up his nose at the idea, and makes
for the Riviera, where he catches a chill, or for St. Moritz, in
reaching which place he takes cold on the road, and after¬
wards regret* most heartily that he did not for once and
ever give np foreign cooking, excitement, and novelty for
wholesome living, quiet, good air, exercise, and the golden rule
of early to bed and fairly early (according to health and
strength) to rise, and so get double the benefit for half
the money, at this old-fashioned, homely wintering place
called Ramsgate. By-the-way, there is a good club and plenty
of “ Society," especially County society, for residents or visitors
who cannot live without that sort of thing. Bnt for those wno
have had enough of “ Society ” in London and elsewhere, a good
library like Fnller’s, a clnb which provides all the papers and
where there is a quiet game of whist or billiards every afternoon
and evening, are distractions quite sufficient to make life pass
pleasantly enough, even for those whose forced visits to London
are angelic—i.e., few and far between. 'Think, too, how much
reading may be done down here daring the winter ! How fin¬
able is the daylight to an artist! As regards visits to London,
to go there and back with six honrs for business in town is easy
enough ; but what Ramsgate is not provided with is a train at
half-past four, to land one in London at half-past six, in time
for dressing and dinner. The absenoe of this may. from one point
of view, be a blessing; but, as a great convenience, it would be
a boon to those who have not absolutely forsworn London
life. 8o much for bachelors and family men ; the ladies
will soon discover amusement. I have incidentally mentioned
Ash as being well worth a visit Before going there read
J. R. Planches “ A Comer of Kent," which pretty well exhausts
the subject. To those who, like myself, have to be up
London half the week for work, three days out of th®
at Ramsgate are simply the elixir vita. Eureka! " Is ^
worth living in the winter in England ? ” “ Yes,” I reply. »
Ramsgate.” F. C. BUBNAND.
NOV. 24. W
THE ILLUSTRATED
LONDON NEWS
{?AnS5ATE
v « —
. f- :~i « j j -
1 'T-r* !>.'(*,1 ■
THE II.LL'MTUATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 24, 18H8.—G24
A PALATIAL OFFICE.
JIK\V lll'ILDIXtiS OF MESSRS. A. AND F. 1’KAfiS.
IX SEW OXFORD-STREET.
Having passed through many phases of publicity, largely
assisted by pictorial art, the limitless enterprise of Messrs. A.
and F. Pears—which entered a perpetually extending renais¬
sance when a fresh access of energy was directed, some years
ago. to the enlargement of the Isleworth factory—has now-
reached the highest grade of artistic advertising in one of the
grandest architectural works that signalised in London the
Jubilee Year of Queen Victoria. In the completion of the
sumptuous premises which now add a welcome adornment to
New Oxford-street, the proprietors of Pears’ soap may also he
stid to anticipate the centenary of their own useful and, in a
commensurate degree, successful establishment, which dates,
u * we are reminded by an inscription on the facia of the new
edifice, from 1789. The
colossal proportions of this
modern manufacture! en¬
terprise have been attained,
no doubt, by a persistent
course of advertising, in
which art to be nn adept
a man requires genius ; and
that the tact shown in the
conduct of this immense
business, being as energetic
ns it is refined, is capable
of taking infinite pains,
and is therefore, according
to tlrn best definition of
the word that ever was
given, grain* in its most
practical manifestation, no
one who has observed the
system of publicity pur¬
sued in advertising Pears'
soap will venture to deny.
That excellence of some
kind is primarily requisite
in the thing to be success¬
fully advertised, all ex¬
perience has shown to be
an incontrovertible propo¬
sition. Before any system
of advertising was adopted.
Pears' soap had, by pre¬
eminence of detergent and
cosmetic qualities, gained
an extensive notoriety for
itself; and its earliest
advertisements, properly
so-called, were unsought
and gratuitous. Physicians
versed in the pathology of
cutaneous disorders, among
the first of these voluntary
witnesses being Erasmus
Wilson, tendered such evi¬
dence as would have almost
sufficiently advertised ns
well as certified the medical
virtnes of Pears' soap for
all time. This, indeed,
would have ensured a wide
celebrity among beads of
families, officers of hospi¬
tals. and the whole medical
profession. Moreover, it is
now near uiKin half a cen¬
tury since one of the
genial authors of the " lion
Gaultier Ballads '' hit, upon
the humorous fancy of
ascribing, in one of the
prettiest and wittiest of
thoseemanations of delicate
fun, the softness of Helen's
rounded arms of snow to
Pears' transparent soap, a
secret casket filled with the
fragrant tablets being dis¬
covered by the searching
eyes of Paris in the bower
of the faithless fair, who
accounts for her possession
of the treasure by de¬
claring it to have been a
gift from Venus. Poetical
liveliness and a sportive
fancy having thus aided
the advancement which the
real merit uf this dainty
merchandise had so far
made for itself, it remnined
for the art of the painter,
encouraged by the acumen
of the connoisseur, to do
tho rest, with such help
as capital, enterprise, and
mechanical skill can afford.
Aud this, let the snecrcrs
say. if they will, is adver¬
tising. Art is advertising,
Messrs. Pears will doubtless
allow ; for it would lie
vain to deny that Signor
Focoardi's comical piece of pictorial sculpture, “ Yon Dirty
Boy.” one of the gems of the Paris Exhibition of 1878, is an
advertisement. Truly it is one of an illustrious processional
galaxy, wherein Sir John Millais' lovely child-picture,
*• Bubbles,” holds a bright, conspicuous place. Acquired at a
princely price, this lastnamed masterpiece has lately been
reproduced by the agency of consummate skill in colour¬
printing. and the result splendidly justifies the lead taken
by Messrs. Pears in artistic advertising, which many have
followed, though none have succeeded in passing or pven in
catching them np. So, then, it may and will be saiiLAhat the
palatial building in New Oxford-street is an advertisement—
the most magnificent within the scope of legitimacy—bat an
advertisement nevertheless, in spirit and effect.
The new edifice has been raised under the super¬
intendence and in accordance with the design of Mr.
William B. Cathcrwood, H7, flower-street, the architect to
Messrs. A. and F. Pears, the builders being Messrs. Holland
and Hannon. of Duke-street, Bloomsbury. The front presents
a noble elevation of Italian character, in which the main
structural materials strike the view with a pleasing effect, of
w»ll-bariiiuiiiaed solidity. They are, in fact. Portland stone
and small Dutch rod bricks, beautifully laid in five courses to
tho foot. Each of the massive lower stone piers is based on
grey Aberdeen granite. The tint is varied where Aberdeen
granite is elsewhere employed. For instance, the pillars
of the portico, a finely carried feature of the building,
are pink, as are someof the supports and details in the super¬
structure. This blending of hues throughout aids the fulfil¬
ment of a manifestly dignified intention. So much for the
exterior of the new building, which being at once nn office, a
warehouse, and a trophy, is equally utilitarian and ornamental,
as being designed to please both the eye of business and the
eye of taste, not disdaining even the policy of spectacular
additions a cl ra/ita nil uni rii>gn*; bnt so dainty, bo refined, and
so original, that the r algn* may feel flattered at being cap-
tured with so delicate a skill. We may now pass in at the
portico, observing first that this handsome entrance is a
walnut lobby with doable doors folding back on either side,
decorated with carved panels of bronze and ebony. In front
of these doors, which when not put to their use of closing the
portal, fold on the exquisitely neat brickwork—as close and
fine as if it were of the Holbein jicriod, and reminding one of
the famous specimens at Hampton Court—arc wrought-irun
gates of dwarf height, us serving to guard the doors when
thrown back for a clear passage. Above the low gates, aud
matching them in the praiseworthy workmanship which endows
with artistic validity all the adornments of the building, is a
wronght-iron grill or ornamental grating ; and this method
of filling an open space is used for each unglazed light, flanked
by red granite pillars with grey bases on either side the portico.
We have now entered a sumptuous atrium, that wants but a
sprinkling of rose-leaves to suggest a picture of Roman
magnificence worthy thceye and hand of an Alma Tndenm. This
hall or vestibule, Pompeian in general character, t hough of neces¬
sity modified to meet the practical requirements of its modern
purpose, is the work of Mr. C. E. Birch, painter, of 19, Bloomsbury-
strect, who has successfully soughtmodelsof classicauthority for
all his bronxes. marbles, mosaics, and other accessories ; and has,
moreover, applied to the realisation of a subsidiary structure,
effectively worked into his design, the prevalent form and
features of a hemicvcle which is in a suburb of Herculaneum,
just outside the city, and in a street leading thoreto. The
street is known as the Street of Tombs. Messrs. Pears' idea
of decorating the vestibule, which is a remarkable feature of
these new premises, is the appropriate distribution of antique
statuary, mingled with such modern works of sculpture as
follow in expression the forms or mythic ideas of antiquity.
That the hall should in a manner symbolise the happy union
of soap aud water was a contingency to be looked for as a
thing of course. Hence it occurs that the salient object on
which Mr. C. E. Birch has exercised great consideration and
elaborate skill of inventive design is a sunken bath placed
with reference to the Pompeian character of the atrium—that
is to say, so little removed from the centre as to come within
the site where the impluvium would be if, instead of being a
covered chamber, the hall or vestibule were the interior court
of a dwelling in the bnried city, where Roman luxury
invoked the arts of Greece and other lands. In such case
the sunken bath or tauk, instead of being covered by a ceiling’
would be open to catch the
rain-water from the com-
plnvium above, as illus¬
trated in the Pompeian
Court at the Crystal Palace.
This, sunken bath is so
effectively floored with a
1 ustronsaqna-tintcd mosaic,
by Messrs. Rnst and Co.,
of 290, Wandsworth-road,
in accordance with the de¬
sign, and under the direc¬
tion of Mr. Birch, that it
communicates the desired
tinge of pure, translucent
blue to the water with
which this ornamental bath
or fonntain is supplied, and
in which, in true antique
fashion, gold-fish disport
themselves. Hollowed in
the marble wall at the bead
of this bath is the liemi-
cycle, a coved niche, like¬
wise lined with mosaic, and
occupied with a marble
replica of Thorwaldssen's
Venus, holding the apple
awarded her by King
Priam's shepherd-son. To
:i fanciful view, the small
sphere poised in the taper¬
ing fingers of the goddess
might be a ball of Pears'
soap. Another type of
Venus, the Medicean, stands
opposite the hemicycle or
rather on one side a door
which immediately faces
i bat exquisite restoration
of ancient grandeur, and
corresponds in form and
character therewith,as like¬
wise with three other doors,
making, with the hemi-
cycle, a symmetrical four-
sided arrangement, east,
west, north, and south.
The restoration of the
hemicycle very faithfully
and usefully illustrates, in
i he precision of its elegance,
down to the minutest de¬
tails. thechanged conditions
of the Greek architecture
when subordinated to the
luxurious requirements of
Imperial Rome. Metal¬
work of a rich and elaborate
character largely assists in
the decoration of the vesti¬
bule. the ceiling and walls
of which arc adapted from
the house of Lucretius and
other houses. The bronzes
chiefly noticeable are the
standards supporting in¬
candescent lights, the hang¬
ing boats likewise tearing
lucerntu which, though
copied from the ancient
lamps fed with oil. are lit
by electricity, in obedience
to the exacting demands of
a scientific civilisation.
These and the bronze orna¬
ments of the doors, as also
the marble-topped open¬
work pedestals which, serv¬
ing in addition, as warmers,
form the bases of tripidal
standards or candlesticks
for electric lighting, are
taken from objects that,
having been dug up from
sites of ancient buildings,
arc deposited in the public
museums of London and
Naples. They have been
executed to thedesign of Mr.
Birch, by Mr. \V. Shrivell,
of Castle-street. Endell-street, who has also furnished the
wrought-iron balconies, window-grills, bronze fanlight grill,
and column-caps, and bases in the front elevation. The pave¬
ment is partly of figured marble, and partly of mosaic, ti e
patterns being those usually remarked in that class of mosaic
work termed by the Romans " opus musivtim." being composed
of small cubesof coloured glass or enamel, the same as notice¬
able in the floor of the bath. This beautiful method of mosaic-
paving was. anciently, distinguished by name from the
“opus lithostrotnm,” or ordinary pavement of a Roman causc-
way.
From its surroundings and peculiar contour, the hemi¬
cycle runs some risk of being designated a temple, though
this it certainly is not, bnt rather a sheltered seat, which,
in its original situation, though here adapted as a niche for the
accommodation of a statue, would have been an alcoved bench
byvthe wayBide, much frequented by lovers. Beyond the batli,
which is a little towards the right as we enter, springs a stair¬
case of the beantiful Fiore di Pesca marble, of which material,
now very rare, the pedestals to the columns and pilasters of
Grande Antique Cipollino, which are exceedingly handsome,
are also made. The marble used for the carved face of tbe
hemicycle. for the balnstrading of the staircase, and for the
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Nov. 24, 1888.—625
doorways. three in number, is Italian onyx, which has an
ivory-tinted ground, and pink veins deepening to pnrplo.
All the marble-work in the vestibule is carved to the drawings
of Mr. Birch, by Mr. James Houghton, of Great Portland-street.
An inspection of the vestibule thns elaborately designed
and fittxl will bo but preliminary to an examination of the
entire building, adapted to the many requirements of a vast
place of business. Having ascended the lower flight of marble
Bteps, the visitor proceeds up the staircase leading to the first
floor, on which are situate tbo counting-house and rooms
adjoining. But, while yet below stairs, we shall have observed
that a ware-room at the back of the vestibule is partitioned
from it by a screen of glared mahogany. The counting-house,
or office, "on the first-floor, of large capacity, resembles that
of a bank or insurance office, and is arranged for the accom¬
modation of forty-two clerks, besides the heads of departments,
who have their desks in open compartments in the several angles
of the room. The employment of typewriters, mechanically
perfect, supersedes in great measure the use of "Gillott and
Goosequill,” manual calligraphy being reserved for signatures
alone. A system of intercommunication is here organised
which employs various modern resources. Each chief, that
is to say, can draw the attention of another by touching
one of the ivory buttons ranged beside him. Having thus
placed himself in communication with whomsoever he desires
to confer, he has but to select the proper speaking-tube
from a row nt his right hand. From the counting-house, and
from the lobby by which it is approached, admission is
found to the handsome snite of rooms occupied by a member of
the firm, who by an elaboration of the same appliances as
those provided to his office-staff, can, without quitting his
chair, place himself in communication with any of their
number. His sanctum sanctorum lies beyond a waiting-room, in
which latter the visitor may have leisure to admire several
original works of art, composing a gallery familiarised to the
public by reproductions employer! in mural advertising. Ex¬
amples of these are arrayed in the advertising department,
which lies beyond the counting-house at the rear. The
several apartments in communication with the large office on
the first floor, but of a more private character, have the aspect
of rooms in a modern mansion, combining the most recent and
most ingenious devices for the insurance of comfort and the
economy of time, with the chaste elegance of decoration indica¬
tive of the pure domestic architecture introduced by the
brothers Robert and James Adam, whose noble efforts helped
so prominently in dragging the art of the eighteenth century
out of the mire. Though these brothers—whose relationship
gave significance to the name of their line work, the terrace
overlooking the Thames, called the Adelphi—preceded by more
than half a century the revival which we see in its advanced
development on the ground floor of Messrs. Pears’ new build¬
ing, that is to say in the marble entrance hall, it may be urged
that both the styles which really met in the accommodation of
Greek and Roman architecture were in the ornamental design
of modern periods combined by the Flaxman and Wedgwood
school with the classicism of the Brothers Adam. There is
consequently no anomaly in the blending of domestic decora¬
tion, such as we find in the upper rooms at Messrs. Pears’, with
the severely learned antiquity exemplified with bo splendid
and accurate a reference to Roman pomp in the vestibule. On
our way up to the first floor, opportunity will be found of
observing that the Pompeian decoration of the vestibule is con¬
tinued in the painting of the walls. Onoe reached, the office
or counting-house affords much to admire in the perfection of
its electrical and other appointments, which, ns regards the
communications between heads of departments, are the work
of Mr. Julius Sax, 108, Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury. The
arrangement of the upper floors affords convincing evidence
that the personal comfort of everyone employed on the estab¬
lishment has been carefully considered. The installation of
the electric light upon the Thomson-llouston and incandescent
systems throughout the premises is by Messrs. Laing, Wharton,
and Down, of New Bond-street; and" the hydrants throughout
the building are by Messrs. Merry weather and Sous, Long-acre.
These offices may well be designated one of the great sights of
London as well os one of its adornments.
All have, in truth, brought their highest faculties of know¬
ledge, tact, and skill to bear with united energy and un¬
remitting patience on the design and completion of this truly
palatial structure — a monument of commercial enterprise
unrivalled in any part of the world. An architectural staff and
an army corps of artificers have followed the commands of a
competent general, whose triumph they are well entitled to
share. The magnificent building we now see, in the place of a
capacious bnt plain structure which was appropriated to the
business of co-operative stores, is the sun or centre of a system
apparently planned with a view to demonstrate the policy of
advertising without stint or bound, in all cases where the merit
of the thing to be advertised is transcendant of its kind. Of what
use to the world, it may be asked, would be the greatest boons
MESSRS. PEARS’ BUSINESS OFFICES, NEW OXFORD-STREET: THE ENTRANCE HALL.
ever extended to its universal, everyday services if to the
world they should remain unknown .’ It has been said, and
truly said, that the excellence of Pears’ soap, its salubrity,
its pure and beneficial cosmetic qualities were perceived
by a discerning minority in the early days of its manu¬
facture. Of this there ’ can be no doubt; but if to the
majority — to the world at large — the thing was com¬
paratively unknown, all its acknowledged superiority, certified
and emphasised by the few, availed it little. To the multi¬
plicity of “• men and cities ” far exceeding the number of
those known to Ulysses—to the capitals of friendly countries
and of rising colonies in every quarter of the globe—the value
of this often imitated but nevertheless inimitable product
required to be made fully known. Had not this been done, had
not the worth of Pears’ soap been extensively and continually
proclaimed, there might never have been justification for any
such edifice as that which has arisen to beautify one of the
leading thoroughfares in the Metropolis of the world. To
Messrs. A. and F. Pears the credit of haring elevated advertising
to a high level of pictorial art has long been due. To this they
will now have added the crowning honour of having raised it
to a foremost rank of architecture.
ART NOTES.
The Dudley Gallery Art Society, which holds its exhibitions
at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, does not make that rapid
advance in favour amongst artists which one might have
anticipated. Mr. Walter Severn is a capable President, and the
Council includes a certain number of good men and true, who
may be trusted to act fairly towards exhibitors. Under these
circumstances, the wonder is that the average of the paintings
exhibited is not higher. Mr. Carlile Macartney sends half-a-
dozen landscapes and views, in which his sympathy with sea
aud sky is to be seen in such works as ’• The Sunset over the
Sea” (127) and “ The Incoming Tide " (10(1) ; whilst another
artist of the same name, Mr. ,S. P. Macartney, contributes some
clever, though rather cold, specimens of Swiss (80) and
Cornish (123) scenery. Mr. A. Helcke.bas two fine bits of
colouring, " A Midsummer Evening " (115) and “An Autumn
Morning’’ (142). Mr. Audley Mackworth sends a bold, but
somewhat crude, attempt to represent “Steel Forging" (131).
Mr. Edgar Giberne shows greater versatility and scope than
usual; his portrait of Mrs. Giberne (16) is very refined and
delicate in tone, whilst his “ Kelp Gatherers” (25) are broadly
painted, and with a fine sense of colour. The animal painters
at the Dudley are fairly well represented by Miss Moody’s
“ Love's Young Dream and Love's Awaking " (71). the story
of a kitten anil puppy ; and by Miss Dora Carpenter's “ Dress
Rehearsal" (46), in which an almost aristocratic Toby is being
got ready for the performance of Punch, and seems to be fully
cognisant of his fall in the world. Miss Carpenter's other
picture, "Give Me a Penny. Please” (5), also shows a
sympathy with dog-life as well as some skill in representing
it on canvas.
At the Gainsborough Gallery (25, Old Bond-street) there is
on view what the Berlin people may fitly describe as a
"colossal" picture. It represents the late Emperor Frederick III.
lying in state, surrounded by a group chosen from among the
best known of those who were admitted to the sad ceremony.
The interest of a picture of this description lies rather in its
subject than its execution, the painter's art being limited to
making the scene as little ghastly and the grouping as effective
as possible. The dead Emperor, lying in his uncovered coffin,
looks peaceful after his long struggle for life. By the side the
widowed Empress kneels, dressed in deep mourning, and, im¬
mediately behind stands her son on whom the cares of the great
Empire have fallen. Behind him are ranged Prince Bismarck,
Count von Moltke, General von Blumenthal, and General
von Pape, in their various uniforms ; Moltke's face alone
showing any sign of deep feeling. On the other side of the
coffin are the Court Chaplains, reciting the prayers of the
Church, but forming a by no means impressive group. The
picture will doubtless attract a considerable number of persons,
for whom such lugubrious sights have a sort of fascination ;
but the subject as treated seems to us to invade too much the
sanctity of sorrow at such a moment. The artists who have
co-operated in the work are Herren Hirscb, Aglita. Vieweg, and
Schmidt. All of whom occupy a recognised position in con¬
temporary German art.
Six numbers have now appeared of Mr. M. B. Huish's
English edition of Japanrur Art (Sampson Low, Marston, and
Co.), and we are therefore in a better position to judge of the
scope and aim of this publication. The promise of the earlier
numbers has been well sustained ; in fact, the October part
contains, under the title of a “ Travelling Writing Set,” by
M. Edmond de Goncourt, the story of the forty-seven Ronins,
Japanese heroes who sacrificed their lives for their lord. But
it is not so much for tales of Old Japan that we commend this
publication to our readers os for the remarkable and liberal
supply of plates illustrative of Japanese art in all its
branches. We should be glad to think that “ Japanese
Art" was to be found in every Mechanics' Institute,
public library, or reading-room where workmen meet together,
for its effects upon our industrial arts might be most advan¬
tageous. We are not blind admirers of everything Japanese,
simply because it comes from Japan, but because we recognise
in Japanese art, combined with sense of proportion and a love
of Nature, that quality of imagination and inventiveness
which are too often absent from the products of English
manufactures. In these illustrations the workers in metal
and wood, the designers of textile and decorative goods, will
find an inexhanstible store-house of suggestions and fancies
which might with advantage be allowed to leaven our often
too prosaic and solid work.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 24, 1888
626
JAMESTOWN, ST. HELENA.
The island of St. Helena, in the South Atlantic Ocean, nearly
sixteen degrees south of the Equator, and distant some 1200
miles from the African coast, has an historical renown from
being the abode of Napoleon in his captivity until his death,
in 1821. It was discovered by the Portuguese navigators in
1501, and was afterwards held by that nation and next by the
Dutch: but has belonged to England since 1763.
For a long time its administration was iutrusbed
to the East India Company. The present
Governor is Mr. W. Grey-Wilson, who has per¬
mitted us to publish a View of the Government
House, from a photograph by Mr. Benjamin
Grant. This fine mansion is usually called Plant¬
ation House, as in the East India Company's
days the grounds were cultivated for the
Company by a large gang of slaves. Chinese
labourers were afterwards employed in the
grounds and gardens, which contain a great
variety of trees, plants, and shrubs belonging
to the semi-tropical or to the temperate zone,
with English flowers blooming in perfection.
The situation is very healthy and pleasant,
1960 ft. above the sea-level, and commanding
views, inland, of the main ridge of hills
rnnning east and west across the island, which
is only ten miles long and five or six miles
broad. Diana's Peak rises to the height of
2700 ft. The fertile valleys and wooded hills
of the infceriof present more agreeable scenery
than the wall of lofty cliffs snrrounding the
island. We give a View also of Jamestown,
taken from an elevation of 600 ft. on the road
leading to Napoleon’s tomb ; and the Cathedral
Church, rebuilt in 1852, is shown behind the
Governor’s house. St. Helena has lately been ap¬
pointed a coaling-station for steam-ships, instead
of Ascension : and the construction of four new
batteries of heavy guns, in addition to the de¬
fences of Jamestown, has been nearly completed.
NEW BOOKS.
The Unknown Horn of Africa : an Exploration
from Berbers to the Leopard River. By F. L.
James, M.A., F.R.G.S, (G. Philip and Son).—
The map of Africa, which often comes before the
mind’s eye without the troableof openingan Atlas,
shows an eastward projection of triangular shape, between
the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden, outside the entrance
to Uhe Red Sea, below the 11th and 12th degree of latitude,
and extending southward nearly to the equator. This region,
which is called Somali Land, bordering westward on the
country of the Gallas, beyond Abyssinia and Shoa, approaches
farther down the sea-coast towards the lands of the various
Wasuahili nations, heretofore connected with the dominion of
Zanzibar, and recently comprised in the schemes of the British
and German East African Companies. The Somali port of
Berbera, just opposite Aden, has become a British dependency ;
but many European travellers have failed to get into the
interior, or rather, we lament to say. have not been able to get
out of it alive. The Italian expeditions of Sacconi and Porro,
in 1883 and 1885, ended in the massacre of their leaders and
followers, while Haggenmacher and others met with obstacles
that prevented their adding much to our knowledge of the
country. The author of this volume, and of another book,
“The Wild Tribes of the Soudan,” which we noticed on
its publication, was one of a party of gentlemen, consisting
of himself and his brother, Mr. W. D. James, Mr. D. Percy
Aylmer, and Mr. E. Lorfc Phillips, who had previously
travelled in the southern part of the .Soudan beyond Kassala,
and were joined this time by Mr. J. Godfrey Thrupp, a surgeon
of South African experience. Mr. F. L. James was at Berbera
in March, 1884, and then made inquiries with a view to his
project of a journey inland almost due south, at least as far
as the large river called the Webbe Shebeyli, or the Leopard
River, the outlet of which is known to Zanzibar traders. Iu
November of that year, the whole party having assembled at
Aden, where they were received with much kindness by the
Resident, General Blair, V.C., and by Mrs. Blair,
they began to make arrangements for the ex¬
pedition. In this design, at that time, they
were encouraged by Major Hunter, C.B., the
British Consul for the Somali coast, while Mr.
Walsh, then newly-appointed British Agept at
Berbera, expressed his hearty good wishes for
their success, though he disapproved of their
buying or hiring camels from certain local tribes.
Mr. James and his companions, however, relying
on the advice of an intelligent and trnstwortb.>
Somali headsman from Aden, named Dual la
Idrees, who spoke English and had been with
Stanley on the Congo, engaged from among those
tribes, at Berbera, in December, a train of sixty
camels, with a sufficient number of men, and
five women to serve as cooks, tent-keepers, or
“ lady-helps.” They were led by their chief.
Mohammed Addah. with a lieutenant named
Abdeelah. It is evident, throughout the nar¬
rative, that the intrigues of other Somali chiefs
and tribes, not far from Berbera, who were
jealous of the lucrative employment given to
those preferred by Dualla and by Mr. James,
caused all the annoyance and hostility which were
encountered in this expedition. The actual
position of the travellers, and the probability
of their being attacked and slaughtered by the
natives of the interior, were so falsely repre¬
sented by those men at Berbera to the official
agents of the British Government, that Lord
Granville, on Dec. 30, telegraphed orders to stop
Mr. James's party. Bat Mr. James's party were
already on their way, far beyond the Berbera
jurisdiction, and chose to go on at their own risk,
having incurred much trouble and expense, and
Ming sure that Major Hunter had either been
deceived by some misrepresentations or had
changed his mind without due cause. The expe¬
dition must be pronounced successful, as they
were not greatly delayed anywhere; reaching
the Webbe Shebeyli, near Barri, on Feb. 18. after a toil¬
some journey of fifty-nine days from Berbera, crossing the
dreadful desert of the Hand, where the camels had no
water for thirteen days. The Englishmen rode ponies or
mules. But there seems to have been real danger of a
sanguinary conflict with a large army of the Dollol and
Ougosa Elmi tribes at Gerloguby, in the Ogadayn
country ; and it was averted rather*by the terror of fire-
arrn«. with which those people were utterly unacquainted, than
by the actual superiority of the Englishmen and their followers
in defensive fighting-force. We can hardly believe that so
small a party, with their rifles, carbines, shot-guns, and
revolvers, which only a few of them had been trained to use
effectively, would have long been able to hold a “ zereeba ” of
mimosa fence against several thousand spearmen like the
Zulus or the warriors of the Soudan. Mr. James and his
comrades, while they met threatening demonstrations with
unflinching courage, did nothing to provoke hostility even in
JAMESTOWN, ST. HELENA.
Ogadayn ; and in other parts of Somali Land, with Sultan Owd
at Burao, on the river called the Tug Dayr. and with the
Hawiyah Sultan at Barri, where the people on the banks of
the Webbe Shebeyli appear to be of a settled and pacific dis¬
position, their intercourse was frieudly and agreeable. It is
probable that the best way of approaching that district, in the
heart and centre of Somali Land, would not be from the Berbera
coast, bnfc from Madisha or Magadoxo, carrying portable boats
to ascend the great river. The climate there, indeed, is
pestilential at some times of the year, after the floods; but
there must be plenty of big game, which was scarce on the
desert route, elephant, lion, hippopotamus, crocodile, and
rhinoceros ; and one would rather avoid running the gauntlet
of the treacherous northern tribes. Th^se travellers came
back safely by a different route, through Harradiggit, arriving
at Berbera on April 15, and all is well that ends well. The
volume contains many beautiful illustrations, from drawings
and photographs, and fine coloured plates representing birds,
of which, and other matters of natural* history, there is a
scientific account.
The Eulogy of Richard Jefferies. By Walter Besant (Ohatto
and Windus).—Among the most deservedly popular authors we
have at the present day. one of the vvholesomest, brightest, and
mo9t engaging of the band of living English novelists, Mr.
Besant is further distinguished by his chivalrous loyalty to the
literary profession, and his discernment of its true interests.
In various personal efforts and discussions, rejecting the
appeals to a vague Bentiment of ideal claims on public
indulgence which might become as disparaging to real merit
as the ancient customs of private patronage, he has en¬
deavoured to show the way towards conciliating the individual
OOVBBKMBNT HOUSE, BT. HELENA.
welfare of competent and diligent writers for the general
book-market with the strictly commercial principles of the
publishers’ business. At the same time, he is not less zealous
in his desire that literary talent, which is of different kinds,
should be guided and trained and encouraged in the special
direction, for each writer, most suitable to particular capacities
and opportunities, so as better to serve the reading world, and
so as to save the waste of time and labour that results in
necessary disappointment. All whose duty it is, for the pur¬
pose of recording or noticing the vast multitude of new
publications, to examine them in a spirit of honest criticism
will certainly agree in considering that many worthless books’
especially of fiction, are the mistaken work of persons likely to
be well able to produce good and useful books of some other
kind. We could mention several of the worst novels, romances
narrative and dramatic poems,and attemptsat fancy or humour’
that have appeared in our times, written by men of high intel¬
lectual eminence, scholars and professors of great academical or
philosophical accomplishments, statesmen, diplo¬
matists, orators, lawyers, and military com-*
manders, whose mental powers, applied to their
own proper studies, raised them to positions of
influence and jnst renown. And so it is among
those who make writing their sole occupation.
The mere faculty of correct and graceful ex¬
pression is a very common acquirement, and
the improvement of general education should
Jiereaf ter bring it within the reach of everybody
who will take pains to learn it. Style is mainly
the natural outcome of clear and ‘forcible and
harmonious thought; but such thought., whether
it be imaginative or logical, or confined to the
historical or descriptive statement of facts, must
be the fruit of well-digested information, accu¬
rate observation, or personal experience ; and Mr.
Besant constancy tells us, very truly, that this is
the case with novelists and humourists—we
would add, with poets—as it is with every writer
of a scientific treatise or a work of history. In
the volume now before us, which is a generous
and sympathetic, a wise and truthful, account
of the short life and unequal performances of a
man of rare, almost unique genius, the late
Richard Jefferies, the finest of English prose
authors on the aspects of rural nature, Mr.
Besant abundantly illustrates the above remark.
Jefferies was one whose native talents of observ¬
ation. meditation, and description, applied to all
things he saw, animated, or vegetating, or mere
physical effectB, in the fields, the hills, and the
woods, the air and clouds, or the sea, were never
surpassed by any writer—not by Wordsworth,
not by Ruskin. not by the American. Thoreau—
and were unapproached by the German Jean
Paul, or by Rousseau, in their eloquent panegyrics
of Nature. He attempted to compose novels.
If those crude and feeble tales, which his
siucere admirers have perused with regret, had
ever contained the slightest evidence of
dramatic power to make the imaginary persons feel,
speak, and act like real human beings, or any mastery
over plot and incidents, or any movements of life-like
tempers and humours in mutual action, or acquaintance with
the habits of society, Mr. Besant would gladly claim Jefferies
as a brother novelist, and would render am pie justice to faculties
so like hig own. But it is no such thing ; and we must confess
the utter failure of Jefferies’ attempts in that line ; of the
forgotten “ Scarlet Shawl,” “ Restless Human Hearts,” and
“ World’s End,” with the weakness of the narrative parts of
several of his later works—after extracting the descriptions of
nature from “ Bevis.” “ Wood Magic,” “ After London,” and
u Amaryllis at the Fair.” When some judicious editor shall
have extracted all these wonderfnl and truthful passages, re¬
jecting all the inadequate efforts of fiction, a volume will be
compiled worthy to accompany those better writings of Jefferies
which we already possess. These are destined, we believe, to a
literary immortality, so long as readers of our language care
for the scenes most characteristic of the South of England, for
the meadows, hedge-rows, and copses, the downs, the pieces
of old forests, the streams and pools, the pastures and corn¬
fields, the farm-houses and cottages, the village churches, and
for every plant, tree, or weed, or blade of grass, every wild
animal, bird, or insect that inhabits our native land. They
who have emigrated to America or Australia do care for these
English country sights ; and their children will care for them,
if Londoners and other townsfolk in Great Britain should
become indifferent to them. We, therefore, doubt nob
that “The Gamekeeper at Home,” “The Amateur Poacher,"
“ Wild Life in a Southern County,” “ Round about a
Great Estate,” “ Nature near London,” “ Life of the
Fields,” and “ The Open Air,” will delight many
readers of future generations, as well in the
United States and in the British Colonies as here,
along with “ White’s Selborne,” which lacks the
vein of idyllic poetry and the profoundly medi¬
tative sentiment of Jefferies. The biographical
portion of Mr. Besant’s volume might be con¬
densed into a short paragraph, but is sufficiently
detailed, and is inspired by the kindest feelings
of personal regard for one whom he never met,
but whose writings he had . long admired.
Richard Jefferies, born in November, 1848, the
son of a farmer at Coate, near Swindon, was a
local newspaper reporter, with fair literary
ambition, whose early publications, as we have
seen, were not of the kind in which he was
qualified to attain success. In 1877, he removed
to near London, and began to write, in the Pall
Mall Gazette , the Standard , and the St. James's
Gazette, his incomparable descriptions of rural
scenes, and produced volumes which were pub¬
lished till 1880 by Messrs. Smith and Elder,
but latterly by Messrs. Cassell, Sampson Low.
Chatto and Windus. Longman, and other firms.
He also wrote in Longman's and other magazines;
he wrote “ The Pageant of Summer ; ” and Mr.
Besant, giving a large portion of that noble
prose-poem, rightly declares, “ I know nothing
in the English language finer, whether for the
sustained style, or for the elevation of thought
which fills it.” The author lived in his last
years at several places in Surrey and Sussex,
being never much of a traveller, and worked
industriously to support a wife and two children ;
but was, daring five years or more, tormented
and exhausted by a painful disease, which
finally, in August, 1887, put an end to his life.
In a village churchyard near Worthing, “in
gentlest, sweet, soft, sunny rain, he was borne
along the path to his grave in the grass.” ®
feel sure that his works, or the better part of
them, will 'long sni-vive his career of severe toil and struggle,
which Mr. Besant has related in a manner to be highly
approved and to be received with sympathy by the lovers of
Nature, and of Literature os the interpreter of Nature.
The Duke of Richmond and Gordon has resolved to grant
from the rents for 1888 the same abatements to his tenants
generally as were given from the rents of last year—namely,
25 per cent in the Ilnntly and Glenlivet districts, and 20 per
cent in the Fochabers district.
NOV. 24, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
627
'Hr--
MAPLE and 00., Manufacturers of
xx DINING-ROOM FURNITURE. The largest assort¬
ment to choose from, as well as the best possible value.
Three more houses have Just been added to this important
department. Half a century’s reputation.
ATAPLE and CO.’S NEW SPECIMEN
DINING-ROOMS, decorated and fully appointed with
furniture in pollanl oak. brown oak, Chip|>endalc mahogany,
antique carved ouk, American walnut, and other woods, are
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purchasers.
'T’HESE ROOMS are not only helpful as
showing the efTect of the furniture when arranged in an
apartment, but also most suggestive as regards decorative
treatment, as well as a guide to the entire coat of furnishing
In anv selected stvle.
MAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by Special
x Appointment to her Majesty the Queen. The system
of business is os established fifty years ago—namely, small
profits on large returns for net cash. Acres of show-rooms
for the display of first-class manufactured furniture.
MAPLE’S FURNISHING STORES a:e
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from all parts of the globe. Haifa century's reputation.
MAPLE and 00., Timber Merchants and
x,x direct importers of the finest Woods, Manufacturers
of Dining-Room and other Furniture by steam power and
improved machinery. Tottenham-court-road. Factories:
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THE SEVILLE SUITE IN SADDLEBAGS AND VELVET.
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consisting of wardrobe with plate-glass door, toilet table
with gloss affixed, w&shstand with marble top and tile back,
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MAPLE and CO—BED-ROOM SUITES.
x The SCARBOROUGH SUITE, In solid ash or walnut.
Including wardrobe with plate-gloss doors, and new-shaped
wnshstand, £12 15s.; or, with bedstead and spring bedding,
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628
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 24, 3888
ART EXHIBITIONS.
At the Burlington Fine Arts Club (K, Savile-row) there is
to be seen, by the kind courtesy of the committee, an exceedingly
interesting collection of works by John Sell Cotman, perhaps
the last survivor of the once famous Norwich School. It was
not, however, ns an oil-painter like the two Cromes, Starke,
and others, that Cotman has earned distinction. He remained
throughout his career almost wholly a water-colour artist,
and his occasional excursions into oil-painting will add nothing
to his fame. At the same time, Cotman was not only a painter
by profession but an architect by instinct; and if in his later
years he turned more to imaginative work, it can scarcely be
held that his reputation is due to that period of his career,
although, strangely enough, in his earliest work here ex¬
hibited, “A Backwater in Park” (1), attributed to the year
1708, he nt that time was attracted chiefly by water and
foliage. If this date be correct it coincides with the year in
which, at the age of sixteen, Cotman left his father's house at
Norwich and came to London ; and it may thus be regarded as
the one specimen still recognisable of his own untutored
pencil. His earlier works show how quickly he fell under the
influence of Girtin, and in such works as the noble “View
of Durham” (4), with the castle and cathedral hanging
over the then bright and rushing river, we find that all
his efforts were directed towards composition and drawing.
The colour is in every sense subordinate to the rest of the
work ; and this is also the case in the view “ On the Greta ”
(7), which, unless we are mistaken, shows almost as it
now stands the well-known posting house, 44 The Morritt
Arms," little changed to-day externally from what it was
seventy years ago. In the busy scene of 44 Norwich Market¬
place ” (13), in 1805, we can trace Cotman’s greater confidence
in himself, not only in arrangement but in the use of colour ;
but even here the long nave of St. Peter’s Church and the
row of picturesque houses in bright sunlight have evidently
more attractions for him than the groups of stalls and
market-people with which the foreground is crowded. We
should not omit to notice in this picture—one of the
most striking in the exhibition—the care and knowledge
with which Cotman treats his horses and cattle. In
spite of his London life and training, he conld still take
interest in things pertaining to tho country ; and now and
again similar touches of Nature appear in what would other¬
wise he little more than architectural studies. Passing by
‘•St. Luke’s Chapel'’ (20) at the north-east corner of Nor¬
wich Cathedral, and “ Ely Cathedral ” (22), as seen
from what is now known as the Park, we pass on to
a very simple study of a 44 Draining Mill ” (25) in the
Lincolnshire Fens, which seems to mark a turning-point in
Cotmans career. It gives almost the first suggestion of
pure landscape painting, of which two more complete
instances are to be found in “Bishopgate Bridge. Nor¬
wich ” (26), from the river bank, and “ Mousehold Heath ”
(31), which, although painted as early as 1810, shows that be
was already beginning to feel Turner's influence in the use of
colour. Possibly it was the same influence which induced him
to try his hand at sea-painting, of which the 44 Boats off Yar¬
mouth” (37) and a sebuyt in full sail “Off the Dutch Coast”
(41) are conspicuons examples of Cotman’s power to render
water in motion. His visit to Normandy stimulated his love
of architecture still more, and with it a love of details,always
subordinated to the general effect. The view of 44 Mont St.
Michel ” (43) as approached from Pontorson is a very remark¬
able study of aerial effect, and must rank very high among
the artist’s works. In such works as “ The Hotel de Ville,
Ghent” (51). “Malines” (57), and others, the love for Gothic
buildings and architectural effect is again prominent; but
when he comes back to England we find—as in the “ Fratu-
linghara Castle” (56) and. in a less degree, in the “ Rochester
Castle ” (50)—his love of Nature once more dominant. In the
latter, moreover, we trace the tendency, which increases in
later years, to employ bright and positive colours to depict
effects which were only strong by comparison, and of which
the importance would by any other artist of equal eminence
have been reduced in works of so small dimensions. This
tendency, which can only be attributed to Turner’s influence,
became more and more marked as time went on, until it
reaches a climax in such works as “ The Blue Afternoon ” (63),
painted in 1831.
One of the most attractive works in the whole series is the
scene on the Avon, near Bristol, described as 44 Blasting St.
Vincent's Rock ” (76), and it throws a curious light on
Cotman’s habits, as well as on his powers, to find that this
picture was made, not from Nature, but from a sketch by the late
Rev. J. Balwer. of which the original is here exhibited.
Another interesting picture is that of 44 Charing-cross with
Charles I.’s Statue ” (83), which, however, suggests that the
artist was sadly cramped, and endeavoured to get too much on
to his paper by narrowing the distances between old North¬
umberland House and the Golden-cross Hotel.
In addition to the water-colours, there is a fine collection
of Cotman’s drawings in black and white—in pencil, sepia,
chalk, &c. Among those especially noteworthy are 44 A Wreck
off Yarmouth” (102), 44 A View of Norwich” (109) from
the river near St. Anne’s Staithe, and 4, A Moonlight Scene”
(114) representing a storm at sea, with a fishing-boat
on the crest of a wave. Altogether, the exhibition is very
illustrative of the artistic career of one who will always hold
high rank among English water - colour painters, and the
committee of the Burlington Fine-Arts Club are to be con¬
gratulated on the success of their efforts to bring a painter’s
life, as shown in his works, before the public.
Mr. Mendoza's Exhibition of “ Black and White ” at the St.
James's Gallery (King-street, St. James's), is now the only dis¬
play of the kind, unless exception be made in favour of there/note
room at Burlington House, so seldom entered by those who
throng to see the pictures. The St. James’s Gallery, oil the
present occasion, shows very fairly the wide range of method
and medium admissible under the term “ black and white ”—
from Mr. James Webb's sea-pieces in oils to Mr. Lamotte's
specimen of a pure line engraving, “A Daughter of Eve”
(90), and even Miss E. A. Cooper's very careful and finely-
finished drawing, in xauguin y entitled “ Friends ” (28). Of
children’s portraits, however, the palm is borne away by Mrs.
Alice Bach's portrait-study (49), a face in which childish
moulding of feature is preserved with a very considerable
touch of character. Miss Cohen also sends a delicately-painted
somewhat pensive face (81), and Mr. Alma-Tadema a finely-
drawn profile-study (99). Animal drawing is represented bv
Mr. S. T. Dadd’s ‘ Our Noble Ancestor” (179), a litter of
terrier puppies viewing fheir stuffed progenitor with mingled
awe and contempt; and Mr. Caldwell’s “Distinguished
Foreigner” (103), an aristocratic black poodle being received
by his English friends, and the same artist’s 44 Litigation ” (11),
kittens and puppies struggling for a bone with considerable
vigour. In landscape work the exhibition is particularly well
furnished. Mr. Nelson Drummond would, perhaps, achieve
more marked effect if he were less versatile ; but, in any case,
his 44 Incense-Breathing Morn ” (194), in every sense an im¬
aginative work, deserves high praise, as does his 44 Misty Morn ”
(10) on one of the reaches of the Thames. Miss J. R. Thomas’s
44 Canal at Bruges ” (188) is an even more striking instance of
how a spot can be poetised without loss to its reality. There
is in such a work far more of the hazy atmosphere of the Low
Countries than in Mr. Barraud’s “Belfry of Ghent” (111), or
even Mr. A. Webb’s 44 Dordrecht ” (6)—finely drawn ns is this
last-named. Among the other attractions of this Httle exhi¬
bition may be mentioned Mr. R. F. Hensman’s 44 Alone” (17)
and Miss Wyman’s “Gaslight Study” (31)—the former a
seated and the latter a standing female figure having much in
common; Mr. C. Whymper's 44 Grouse - driving ” (18); Mr.
Appleton’s mezzo-tint of Fanny Kemble (58) from Sir T.
Lawrence’s sketch; Mrs. Tadema’s two studies from her
picture (98); Sir F. Leighton’s pencil sketches (110 and 138),
both studies of old men's heads ; a head (116) in India ink by
Mr. James Hay liar ; Miss Anna Alma-Tadema’s minutely-
accurate 41 Harebells ” (150); Mr. G. S. Walter’s spirited sea-
piece “On the Edge of the Goodwins” (175); Mr. Clough
Bromley’s etchings, of which that of 44 Goring on the Thames ”
(203) is the brighter and more successful ; Miss M. Gemmell’s
portrait of Mrs. W. Cnnard (195) and Mr. C. J. Fox’s study of
South Coast scenery (212), in which the trees and foliage of the
foreground are especially well executed.
Messrs. Alexander Baird and Son, of Kelvinbridge, Glasgow,
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greeting cards of chaste design. •
The Board of Trade have received through the Foreign
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOV. 24, 1888
“HANDS ACROSS THE SEA. 1 *
Wo sometimes laugh at French dramatists for their ludicrous
ignorance of English Rfe, manners, and customs. Although
we are only separated from Paris by a short journey, the
Englishman on the stage is still invariably represented with
weeping whiskers and a Scotch plaid suit. Englishwomen are
represented as coarse, vulgar, and badly dressed ; and it is not
too much to say that, so far as our domestic life is concerned,
tho Japanese know more about us than the average educated
Frenchman. But, on the other hand, how foreigners must
laugh at us, if ever they trouble to study our stage or look at.
our modern plays ! Clever and observant men like Mr. Sidney
Grundy, Mr. Henry Pettitt, and many more seem to be under
the impression that the foreigner—be he Russian or French¬
man—possbsses a deadly influence with women. Granted a
woman of unimpeachable character and blameless life—a
virtuous wife, a good mother—she has only to be left alone
with a man with a foreign accent in order to be insulted with
vulgar protestations of affection and treated to scenes of violence.
The stage foreigner, as presented to the gaze of admiring
Englishmen, is an individual who is always in dress clothes, and
is perpetually bribing ladies’-maids to admit him into my lady's
chamber after dark, when he is not expected, and is certainly not
wanted. Many years ago, in two plays, Sardou made use of
this scene of violence towards an innocent woman. He used
it in “Nos Intimes ” ( “ Peril ”), and he used it in the “ Maison
Neuve.” But in both cases the wife, though innocent, had
been extremely imprudent, and at least suggested to a very
vain man that his attentions, if offered, would not be wholly
displeasing. This, in fact, is the very essence of the situation,
which has wholly escaped the attention of the English
dramatists who annex it. It is enough for them that the wife
is innocent, and that she is within an approachable distance
of some convenient French windows. Put any average
Englishwoman in Paris, and whether introduced or not to her
aggressor, she is sure, sooner or later, to be attacked by a
foreigner in evening dress, who considers that, if she is the
rabbit he is the snake, and that he can assuredly fix her with
his glassy eye and fascinate her in five minutes. One would
have thought that such situations would have been reserved
for the cheap literature devoured by emancipated school-girls
and hysterical waiting-maids; but they occur so often on
the modern stage that it is worth while calling attention to
them, in the hope that in the future some motive may be dis¬
covered for these nocturnal acts of violence. Scarcely, how¬
ever, have we recovered from the shock of Mr. Sidney Grundy’s
Russian, in “The Dean’s Daughter,” when we find his
partner, Mr. Pettitt, giving us another foreigner of the same
pattern—this time a Frenchman—in “Hands Across the Sea.”
A young English lady, happily married, who has a positive
detestation for flirtation, and who seldom leaves her husband’s
side, is “ marked down,” as it were, by one of these determined
creatures. Unless the man is a born fool, he must know that
his efforts to captivate would in this instance be absolutely
useless; but it is enough for him that his victim is within
reach. “ Once on board the lugger ! ” used to be the cry of
the old transpontine villain. ** Once within the French
windows !” is the echo of the modern stage villain. Of course,
improbable or not, it leads up to the well-worn catastrophe.
“ You shall love me!” “I won’t! Leave the house!” “I
shan't! You don’t know what devotion means !” “I don’t
want to!” Then over go the tables and chairs, down goes
the bell-rope and enter the infuriated husband, who saves his
fainting darling when her strength is almost spent! From
that instant the rest of the play is all plain-sailing. Ihe
husband assaults the villain, and they snarl at one another.
A few minutes after, the French villain is found murdered, and
the crime is at once fastened on the innocent husband, who is
known to have a deadly hatred of the murdered man. Will
it be believed that Mr. Pettitt has actually used this
motive again, and successfully ? It has been done at the
Adelphi scores of times; it has been done at Drury-Lane; it
has been done by innumerable authors at the Princess's : but
up it comes again, smiling, in the new Australian drama that
is a verv bright, well-arranged and successful one, but when
examined will be found to have very little colonial flavour
about it, unless local colour is given by an old settler who
continually—in the warmth of his heart—shouts out: “ Ad¬
vance, Australia ! ” Mr. Pettitt knows more about the
building up of a play than most of his companions. He has
in him, very strongly, the dramatic faculty. The pity of it is
that he does not take a little more trouble, and write a play
that would be really worthy of his unquestionable talent.
One scene in the new drama is as well arranged and dramat¬
ically effective as anything that Mr. Pettitt has ever done ;
but it is comparatively wasted here. We allude to the meeting
of husband and wife on board ship-rthe husband a rescued
convict, the wife a passenger—both dying to speak to one
another, but both compelled to silence. An author who could
suddenly stumble on a scene like that ought to write a better
play than “Hands Across the Sea.” But the answer will be—
What does it matter ? As much money is made by bad plays
as by good plays ; the stalest effects are the safest; rubbish, as
some call it, has a mercantile value ; and cheap melodramatic
audiences are not so mighty particular. With such reasoning the
critic has, naturally, no sympathy whatever. It may be true
or it may be false ; all he desires is that a clever man should
show his muscle and not shirk any encounter. Scores of
dramatists could not write a play of real artistic value if they
were paid for it. They can botch and patch and re-arrange,
but they cannot create. We believe Mr. Pettitt can, if he only
tries, do much better work than is found in these hurriedly
prepared dramas for an ill-stocked market. But he turns
back contentedly to the farmer’s daughter pursued by the
graceless villain, to the ridiculous foreigner who thinks that
every innocent woman will fall at his feet, and to the innocent
man discovered on his enemy’s corpse. With these he rings
the changes, and the public applaud him. There is no better
melodramatic actor even now after these long years of service
than Mr. Henry Neville. Old Time has passed him by. He is
still young, active, interesting, and enthusiastic, and the author
is lucky who has such a willing worker to aid him. Mr. Neville
never sulks with his part, or puts obstacles in the way, or hinders
the dramatic scheme in which he is concerned. Invariably he
gives his best work, and his influence is both wholesome
and inspiriting. Conscientious also, very pleasant, and ever
earnest is Miss Mary Rorke, who is one of our popular actresses
who is constantly improving. She does not go back : sbe
advances. Mr. E. W. Garden and Miss Webster are excellent
in a couple of not very well written or conceived comedy
characters ; and good service was done in minor characters by
Mr. Julian Cross, Mr. Abingdon, Mr. Bucklaw, and Mr. Edmund
Gurney. The best and most ambitious acting, however, was
shown by Mr. R. Pateman, whose death-scene, though pain¬
fully realistic, was extremely clever. It has been urged, on
behalf of Mr. Pettitt, that the most extravagant incidents
in this drama were derived from actual life and a story
in itself so extraordinary that it was not believed, even
in Paris. That may be so. But the extravagant accidents
in life do not always make the best dramas. Things on the
stage need not always be probable, bat they must be possible
to the intelligence and understanding of the ordinary
spectator. Mr. Grundy’s Dean may have existed somewhere or
other ; but he is not typical of the ordinary sober dignitary
of the Established Church. There was once a Bishop who
was a thorough-paced scoundrel; but to represent a Bishop as
a blackguard would be a dramatic absurdity.
Mr. G. W. Taylor has offered the sum of £50,000 .to found
a Congregational college affiliated to the Melbourne University,
the offer being dependent on a similar amount being subscribed
by the colony.
The Countess of Meath, at a drawingroom held by Mrs.
Goodhart at Canterbury on Nov. 17, gave an address which
resulted in the formation of another branch of the Children's
Ministering League. Mainly through the exertions of Lady
Meath, there are now established in various parts of the world
500 branches of the league, with a membership of 15,000.
Application has been made to Mr. Justice Chitty, in the
Chancery Division, for the distribution cf the late Rev. William
Wight's estate among the next-of-kin. By his will, which
has been declared void, Mr. Wight provided for the establish¬
ment of a “ College of Social and Domestic Science for
Ladies” on novel and eccentric lines. His Lordship made a
decree as requested.
The Lord Mayor presided on Nov. 19 at the annual meeting
of the Working Lads’ Institute, Whitechapel, and, in moving
the adoption of the report, said he felt that it was an admir¬
able institution, and he was glad to see that the educational
process going on included shorthand and French. Prizes for
progress at the evening classes were afterwards distributed,
and a swimming-cup, presented by the Lord Mayor, was
awarded. The building is now complete, it having been com¬
menced five years ago. The second wing consists of a large
swimming-bath, a gymnasium, and a lecture hall.
The twelfth annual distribution of prizes to pupil-teachers
connected with the Westminster Teachers’ Association took
place on Nov. 17, at the Westminster Townhall, nnder the
presidency of Mr. Burdett-Coutts, M.P. There were also
present on the platform the Duchess of Teck and Princess
Victoria of Teck, Baroness Burdett-Coutts, and the Rev.
J. Diggle (the chairman of the School Board). The prizes,
about forty in number, were distributed by the Duchess of
Teck. They consisted of handsomely-bound books and various
valuable articles, and. were awarded for religious knowledge,
needlework, French, drawing, and general knowledge.
A concert in aid of the funds of Princess Frederica’s Con¬
valescent Home was given on Nov. 16 at Prince’s Hall, nnder
the patronage of Princess Christian and Princess Frederica.
The report of the committee states the object of the home to bo
tlie providing of fresh air, rest, and good food for poor married
vvomen, with their infants, who, after the birth of their
children, are in want of care and comfort. Patients of all
nationalities and religious denominations are admitted; and
during the period of three weeks, which they stay in the
Home, clothing of every description is found for both mother
and child. The committee earnestly request donations and
subscriptions to enable them to carry on the good work. The
conceit was well attended.
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finest White Diamonds, mounted In 8}>ecial and
original designs, and sold direct to the public
at merchants' cash prices.
QAPPHIRES from Ceylon, but
^ with London cutting, mounted alone, or
with Diamonds, in a great variety of ornaments.
FJOVELTIES.—A succession of
Novelties b.r tlio Cnrmnny's o«-n arttnu
and designers is constantly being produced to
anticipate the requirements of purchasers.
rjASH PRICES.—The Company,
conducting tlielr business both in buying
and selling for cash, arc enabled to offer pur¬
chasers great advantages over the usual credit
houses. All goods aro marked in plain figures
for cash without discount.
A PP ROB ATION.-Selected
**■*■ parcels of goods forwarded to the country
on approval when desired. Corresfiondentg,
not being customers, should send a London
reference or deposit.
COUNTRY CUSTOMERS have,
v through this means, the advantage of
being supplied direct from an Immense London
stock, containing all tho latest novelties, and
which are not obtainable in provincial towns.
fJOI.ONIAL AND FOREIGN
Orders executed with the utmost care and
faithfulness tinder the immediate supervision
of a member of the Company. Where the selec¬
tion is left to the firm, customers may rely upon
good taste and discretion being used, and the
prices being exactly the same as if a personal
selection were made.
TESTIMONIALS.—The numerous
x recommendations with which the Gold¬
smiths’ Company have been favoured by cus-
tomers, Is a pleasing testimony to the excellence
and durability of their manufactures.
OLD JEWELLERY, Diamonds,
and Plate taken hi exchango or bought
for cash.
MEDALS.— Awarded Seven Gold
* LTA and Prize Medals and the Legion of
Honour, a special distinction confer red on tuts
Firm for tho excellenoo of their manufacture*.
C ATALOGUE, containing
thousands of designs, beautifully
GOLDSMITHS' AND SILVERSMITHS' COMPANY, 112, REGENT-STREET. CATALOGUE POST-FREE.
NOV. 24, 1888
NEW MUSIC.
T he yeomen^of'tiie GUARD. I
x>uu;tiossij .. .. -- v«*.uij,'OU liv p.
B ' ; »™ »mS, 2 ’- “• "«■
*■■> .* js ' w - a '-
^ —— ^ rdSBUffian.-.- :: 22 .jm.jjj. :
7oo nights in tbei»r.!vmie,. norino,,s M'cecss, after a run of
pEPITA. LECOCQ'S POPULAR OPERA.
■“Pepin.- i, „ |,f*;"'■«« »«’«,
P 0 LAXCERS.
pEPITA QUADBILLE ” 0 '-
_ ArrnnKr " I* CHARLES t-OOTE. ...
jVJORE AXD T " MORE."' S " y<:s ' '
pEAUTY^ l, E5s 4: ~" i ' ,K,,r - ]
MAUDE VALERIE WHITES spiv n„v, I
^O WE’LL GO NO MORE A-RoVlNG. '
D ;7 s *s^r.- I
pECAl/SE I LOVE THEE
Immense micros., sung Hi C n ivl.ere
iiajiish M-cr.vv ’
pOUR FORTH THE WINE
PAY of LOVII 1,1,11 1,lack ' t ‘-
WorJs by r. Moore.
_ FRKDKRIC CLIKFE.
r PHE BUFFOON'.
A WurtU l.y E<1
E'lwnrd Oxenf-mi.
**. CITALO.SSI.
r t *• Bl't'ALOWi.
f.A ZI^GARA.
„ ft|>at>i»Ii Giinv Snni»
SmiK witli iiniHcn.N- |'.v
NEW DA S'l’E MI-SR- '
I>astorella. '•
piCK-A-BACK^Poiko
■W.E-'KEI) CEI.I.IITI k ‘
RUMMER night IN .JM‘x rc „. Walt*.
D REAM CTHEX V ''Sf
A C0/S PIANOFORTE^
8 “»- nr „„ Tlirce-Veirs-Jjme,',, 1 . 1 "^. “!, .' ; '. XS - Hire.
NEW MUSIC.
JV'JETZLER and CO.
JVpTZLER and CO.
ESTABLISHED OVER loo YEARS
]N[EW SONGS.
N EW duets.
]\ T EW PART-SONGS.
N EW DANCE MUSIC.
N E ' V PIANOFORTE music
N ew vi °lin and piano music
I POPULAR TUTORS for
E VEKY instrument.
N EW anthems.
j N ew services.
I N EW cantatas.
j ]\JETZLERS red ALBUM, 1».
1 M EY n EER m S. s ,™EMATIC CATALOGUE
I ]V[ETZLER and CO * ' OST ' 1 ' ,1EE -
| MASON and HAMLIN* ORGANS.
MASON and HAMLIN PIANOS
POXISCH PIANOS.
QRGANO-PLANOS.
MUSTEL organs.
Alexandre harmoniums.
yiOLINS and all other
8 tr inged INSTRUMENTS.
QORNETS and all other
pRASS INSTRUMENTS
CLARIONETS and all other
PEED INSTRUMENTS.
T°Y INSTRUMENTS for the '
631
O. .he Railways j„ nSgagiB'
loteiiiiSr
cnlllBgatVuJbE.
from Ilnehrnn
Tr».n .he same JkfT'^SSPt&^Si
W M Dp““ 5 OyOCAL OEMS FOR „. I aIso and Lo~nd™ BnJg”
MORLEY and CO ’S \PW Q 1 ?Dtv?o • Return Ticket* London'roTt* { t ® n * , i>g'uin, Chelsea ,&c
' ■hssssbs F
8 T - JAMES ’S SONG-BOOKS. '
» gSRsa
S T - J AMES;S SONG-BOOKS.
First In the F..M a ‘ ss or awfiono songs.
ffisypBSa..*
S T ' r ««■» WBbo^
S T - JAMES ; S SONG.BOOKs"‘‘ fl '" C ‘‘'” >0n -
Tlio Merry .Km,, Ncw Huimyrou, Song.,
j£eri?&jK' ,M ;; ;; ;;
S T ' JAI ^ k E : s 's song-books' 01 JD,ck '
A V| gi „? , . , ? k ■'■. Po P“'-w Sims, worn, Singing.
Only Then .Henry Pontot.
S T - JA » E S’S S0NG-B00Kr MUr ^
“ ^«' tc - So T”a*>rvj:js
S^WSSsSn^ :: :: ::
»,iSffl P ffi.;r imhlinhed.”
’ CaC '-' V - Mt>l ‘ I Kr »»■> Cn-. C i-T, Itegenl-m w.
si«i!
Pm 11 man Drawing."
*••>!« Vicroria to BriKh
Bn gin on (Central Stat
Clicap Pare from victoria inrh.Hi,
JI*!W» ?».r return SUStbjSZlft"
t nil 8
■n)»r WcatVightl
,;| ris*.,
EMt Croydon“ doU Br,(l<f0 al »nd 12 «A“n'. 0 S 1 ifS^St
i'EPll£ f (CVn?rill'’Sf HX urn , h J » n l' Tram same day
I ~r ---— “ u u > lS7 ’ Bcg ent-sr.. W.
•**•* »»»d dies, 8». e»] d JLk . ’ 1 c u d e d. Croat engraved'on
' ^r n ,tyi,..L M .^ n y;,;;;J n ne;e..en ?? ,.d *;; d .ss
Siiyn
PROWN A pOLSON^ ^ORFpLOUR
-- IS A WQRI .DAVipg NeI'ESSART.
PROWN A p0LS0N ; r™rpi^i
__ F0P the nursery, 1
All the |.rine,|«l |,l,ce, ti inroromf ° ljoWer lu ' '
M
j ■^^''^~ A ~r^ EE 0N^S~p(5RN — CtLOUR
j pROWN A pOLSON S nORN~pLOUR
TOY SYMPHONTFS- — t* ,e
AUTOMATIC INSTRUMENTS ‘ P 0LS °N’S (JORN pLQUR
^ A WORLD-WIDE MPhitti..™
CHAPPELL amrcoT15^nTsj= 1 A^ 0114 ™ INSTRUMENTS.
N E - ILLUSTRATED (^.vtalogUES sent I (J
- —- M ETZLER and CO
1 i-. oreat mahi.iioi
r,| 0 iiitflicst i'ndir..rt r.. ,0 2 ' VI
-- 1.-,. I'mUtry. K.r
pOVES GOLDEN DREAM WALTzT j
B.v THEO
J!'« W:,l (< e ; ' 1 l n ' ,r ' r 7 ! , Tl». m..«t .
Pci r-n-i.-i 'mi,, tui*l iho
ail Hi,- KNtni.,1 :il „. I IHI.C nf
U Lo!\no n "' v '•■ »•!>. ’ *' c> m i. Band
_ A i. uic:,i j\I.Vri■ mI r.'.ML-[ v 1 **’ ,M * 1 ed),
M"?.^siii(f"'ijxDSAy
dnriinrHK.4-.,T„ 11Uf ’»«. ;L'm .- s Dream,"
... * “ ' Hi >*n'PtiHi
pLEm”'' WOLFF “"TT" - -
i g ewil * t »»■ «•«
: pianos, a«r : !--- w»sa»/Snv,p. B
_HAS^a WORLILWIDE HEDl'TATION
C H 0 c O L A T M E sTFi;
r AMSTRnDAM
AMHTRnnAM
EXHIBITION’, IR83.
Awarded
the
(Bv oii«r I ; lUlga i c S irci,fl Office >8 Agcncj > Comluli .
~_Secretary and General Slanngrr.
0 N T E PA ~t> r
The Administration of the Society of the L °*
THEATRICAL REPRESENTAT I0 NS, 1888-9-
JANUARY. ’
Turoduy.mh^,,^,,^
Me«ien^fflXS:^!S ; ; Degravc
Mesdamea Same. Vailiant-rnniiipU^.
Meesieura Ih-rnn, D. g’S'vtZnmnd!
.Tuemley.anh.
F K B R U A R Y.
SnI'mIay. 2nd.
Tuesday, Sfh-fet unlay, 9th.
Messie^aEl 1 ^^^ Ilouland;
Messieurs Dnjmy, Soidacrora,’Degrarc •
Tueminy.imh-Sninrog,.,^. '
Mesm::!:r^ F i;^Vrmi. Dnnund,
PRIZE MEDALS.
£"i.Te C ^^ Ml c OTTAGE PIANO.' ' -- —
: C H0C0LAT menier.
--8oldJ^ ver y where.
S HI ?T;S,-FORDS EUREKA~SHIRTS~
Oentlenien.lem’m'V.Jpp mmle."-ol,«ervcr.
should try Fords KUiISka, IJ** Ss^Ss^/f. J*® 1 *
Jott age'
' riASOKDIITU.ii,
> . fullest ClllnJaiss of ,
yam. Omi XAT ij»m « K i„. pr
THOMA S OKTZMANXa
ml Case, n<
..ics.iam- 2' < .’! , ^ T T9
Messieurs
Mes.ieuVn'VE^'S'';^
MARCH.
M EE ten E |f?Xf , ' 5 * ndV 1 ' I ' I '*®8-
Mcimme
Thuredny.nh ^t urtlyKh
Tuesday, isth-ftatunlay, i«th.
u Mar
i.-L.In,
J ° 11 <-roup 3 ,A D W 0 0 D and SONS
“ 0, iS,S [ fe*ffi®EW.VSv'Kw .... S ’
PIANUFUUTKS f/,r !
? exiiiiiitimn, less
l)h HIT... j SH -
50 Kinneas.
M°°® E MOORR-pimo. from IS J I MUSICAL BOXES.-Mes™,
;v. ,«a
W ED DING and BIRTHDAY PRESENTS
RODRIGUES', 42, PICCADILLY.
i FOR THE WPTTrvo __
pin _ T.’DT»Trr~7; iiKet-streei. ahoiUdtry KURD’S KUlltKA?i5Jl ir 5S-?*^
&S^S^-SS^ ! S»“W.-F0»D' S • EUREKA”'SHIRTS
' r^TtsaiTr 1 ;'' ■!—;
I -fir--'-,IvA'.yA'H-’AAyy'A?’. y , r- n . t ' S niRT ^-F'ir(D.s .vrw "ribbed pique
, ^SSV^SSS’ 1
„ „ ’ mano'.v,
Meseicurffi^X^
ias a ' '
-re.,,£“p»IStS !nA „ ET
•e-Years"
. .... to authenticity applynt 18, Ureat 1
‘ "ed from 50gs.
Nicole Fibres I 0 L G ‘SHIRTS Refronted, Wrist and Collar
r,r[" f c '’ n “ < '* l,lc i Tine t^ Sili” 1,l " !n - ,llr '-1 Superior “ nd Ext
•' “ »» >- "-.eurnugo Kl^Wfur
A]T, I ,m;o' r 7hn^,„^^, 1 EE n A NNEL SHIRTS
Elastic, soft as silk.two f!" ?K Kin o f unshed 100 times.;
THE “ TIR AUX PIGEONS "
Marlin
- —.. - - ..y, oiuameu from 30 ks.
RRARDS' PIANOS. - COTTAGES,^from
_ guineue.
----wttAMJs, from 12a guineas.
JOHN pRINSMEAD~and CONS’
pianoportbs !
‘} 1( • « i feet ion Tour'll *i» mi* m i of the f ott-iur A'ith 1
Horizontal t;rand. U> ln,,L! ' u,1 d Durahility of the
»-■ Vjiid a'wSS^|g* s
isliiiiSiSi’
D’ttl *„ CO-’S’ PIANOS AND '
K5" n "J. IMrtu .^. rhfp , '' , T c r i ; l ';:'"' l!, “ ,, .-A' , » Rule
E “ y ■
"tent, e.c. CBiiablwied S tai° n """' '
-iStfssswaia .
lEWF* 1 ?”?*?**
UASKSOF?
1®“"- |’env»}<S5 K?# 8 -
sSsl" snis
IIrmW.'SS&r
Llorf-M'R CASK.S ‘ I '.ii^.'lFK BUXKS.
And M ANDEJ-KOA?
VIENNESE, and PARISIAN NOvSE.TIKSJ’n
' r 4 l if< imiaks.
,V. N .^ * CIO A R CASER.
v TS IV SILVER,
)f ENGLISH. •
_ • r *na co., 41, Poult ry. London.
JE Vimnimr UEXTLEMEN'S under!
Chest; Pants to match.3"to a^'wRiaf' ‘V tn , 4H incite*
T, ‘ , 'l.* S . p "I*'' C "V 1 ^ r fran'ro. n '''’ i " no - An oh i cct «t *«. ndded
''phiU- nt (j fnj'ri* An uhjvc of nrt, ndd c d to n
,1 d0 An olijccl of nrt, will,
’"mule of sufmJS. 1 Va ” An object of >rt, wm,
„ jmuie’of > s l 'i , f“n r Pr ' x H * ,fcr d- An objecl of art, inch
**•?• ?l. I’rix Moncorgo. An object of —
imiilnnfaofrinc"* ..
... Prl1 500 tnuua ndded l
QOCKLE’S
^NTIBILIOUS
i nr w fn.net. .. “® f ™nes ndded to a pm
I 10 ’ Pm 9cal011 - *» francs added Ion imulo
*“KSAia£ ta “■M^'vler. m franc, added t„
piLLS.
TRAVELLING DRESSING BA.GS
A Morocro, with Halbumrkcd Sterling Silver Fittings, j --- -
’ ,8 -’ £1 ° 1 i M " £]r >’ A30, to £50. I COCKLES ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
P 0 for™rolT,.vf. EBU “® at RODRIGUES', !--ron liver.
, C ° CgLE ’ S ANTIBIM °US PILLS.
^7 ODRIGUES’ M O N ft ft R A\r
held 2 to 24 Ponraits 1 . 0 ™ 000 ’ . 21_ FOR BILK.
KnamVa«KS,r T 4^ N “ s ni^, M S ’
I ---™aEST,ON.
1 C 0CKI - E ’ S ^BILIOUS PILLS.
wkddi ng cards ■' J s. jmUir kst c a n ns. I — ---- for hea
a VISITINti^l pi^^;^i , 5 d KS<iS! j lS! :
»f 50 francs.’
»r*day, Jan.
50 francs.
turday. Jan. 12 , Pri*
l>oule of 50 francs. — ...
M a
jmuie o*f”lmfra™ nde 1> “ u, ° ll ' ps ""' ’ **> francs added to a
-S■'(frjui'.-’('ad■ ’]r.(to \ (>!’Tejp'r.,/ n object of art and
Friday, Jan. Is-nd^^^&d Ml rtl , c „ iD0 .
u-mesoay. Jan. 16. p r
3i"0 francs added ti
,d . a >'. J»n. is. and K.,
, ?n“r?ife' 01 * rl a “ (1 =".™ fran«‘addrt to* jwYr'a'nro
dp iec. art
“SS’l'JS'fS'nV*- Pril An object 0 ,
Friday, Jan. 25 : Saturday, .Tan. 26; and Monday Ian
* - iepi A a” kS? fS,?. 1 ^ V5S” - -
aS^SSIS~..~
^ aa5 iS5^g-..».-~
IIIEARTBCRN.
ahury-jiai c .
■tS' a ! A®™.,™,y^OSJSUft-A"^" broken
RODRIGUES'. 42 ^PICCADILLY, LONDON.
C ?BEQU E 2ay ot; n imited - Established 1873. "^es^as'i'SghTniVtmUo < /^’'iS
L e Eate „!f or S'EweUerhof and
nwinSf no'Si'iS?for nghting 0 !,"' srogiro." '" rl ’'' K ' 1
-- H -'i'siiu Fnanrs. Proprietors.
GT. GOT HARD RAIL WAY
Tbs oio.f A[r . SWITZERLAND. A *’
i-.iy ,n Ex‘,?re.'. cI « d &sr;;r' a d „ d, ,' a, eL r '-!!‘ a «■>
m
C32
TEE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NOY. 24, 1888
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Feb. 21, 1882) of Mr. Thomas Harrison, J.P.,
late of West Hill, Stalybridge, Lancashire, who died on
Aug. 12, at Llandudno, was proved on Oct. Id at the Man¬
chester District Registry by Tom Harrop Sidebottam. James
Sidebotfcam, William Sidebottam, Adam Dngdale, and William
Harrison, the eon, the executors, the value of the personal
estate being sworn to exceed £110,000. The testator bequeaths
£15,000 to his daughter, Mrs. Am; Agnes Dugdnle; and
£10,000 to his daughter, Mary Emily Ilarrison, upon trust, to
pay the income thereof to them, for life, and at their death, as
to the capital as well as the income, to their respective
children as they shall appoint. The residue of his real and
personal estate he leaves to his son, William Harrison,
absolutely.
The will (dated May 28, 1888) of Mr. Thomas Best, late of
Liverpool and Highlce, Druids’-cross-road, Wavertree, near
Liverpool, merchant, who died on July 13 last, was proved on
Nov. 7 by William Rodger, Henry Rush ton, and John Graham
Rodger, the executors, the value of the personal estate amount¬
ing to upwards of £94.000. The testator bequeaths all his
furniture, plate, carriages, horses, wines, &c., and the income
of £50.000 to his wife, Mrs. Caroline Augusta Best, for life,
and at her death the sum of £50,000 is to be equally divided
between his three sisters, Baroness Jessie Wallace Von
Podewils. Mrs. Agnes Elizabeth Fair, and Mrs. Annie Kirby ;
£4000, upon trust, for each of his said sisters, for life, and
then to their children; and annuities of £200 each to his
brother, James Rodger Best, and his wife, Henrietta Best.
The residue of his real and personal estate is to follow the
same trusts as the sum of £50,000 before mentioned.
The will (dated March 31, 1880) of Mr. William Eschanzier,
late of Gibraltar, who died on Aug. 27 last, at Barcelona, Spain,
was proved on Nov. 10, by Anthony John Terry and William
Eschauzior, the nephew, the executors, the value of the per¬
sonal estate exceeding £02.000. The testator gives 5000 dollars
each to the Superioress of the Hermanos de la Cruz and the
Hermanitas de los Pobres, in Seville; 30,000 dollars, his house
in Seville, and all his furniture and effects, to his nephew
William Eschanzier; 20,000 dollars each to his nephews,
Edward, Francis, Ambrose, and Louis ; 25,000 dollars each to
his nieces, Mary and Rosary; 10,000 dollars for distribution
among the poor of Seville and Havannah ; 10,000 dollars to
Anthony John Terry; and numerous other legacies and
annuities. The residue of his property he leaves, as to five
one-hundredths, to the Vicar Apostolic of Gibraltar, for building
and maintaining Roman Catholic churches in Gibraltar;
sixty-five one-hundredths to the trustees of the will of John
Gnvino, for Gavino’s Asylnm; and thirty one-hundredths
among certain Roman Catholic charities in Gibraltar.
The will (dated Oct. 2?, 188!" of Mrs. Frances Jane Bond, late
of No. 24, Devonshire-place, W.,widow, who died on Oct. 11 last,
was proved on Nov. 8 by Edward Bourchier Savile and Charles
Cornelius Savile, the nephew, the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £44,000. The testatrix bequeaths
£5000 to her brother, Charles George Martin O’Callaghan;
£3000 to her nephew, Henry Tyrone Savile ; and £2000 each to
the six other children of her late sister, Mrs. Mary Savile ;
£10,000 to her niece, Frances Eleanor Savile, and all her
jewels and trinkets; £200 each to her brothers-in-luw, Edward
Bourchier Savile and Henry Bourchier Osborne Savile ; £50 to
the Welbeck-street Infirmary, and £300 to her maid. The
residue of her real and personal estate she leaves between her
nephews and nieces, the children of her late sister Mrs. Mary
Savile.
The will (dated July 21, 1888) of Colonel Arthur Swann
Howard Lowe, late of Gosfield Hall, Essex, who died on Aug. 12
last, was proved on Oct. 5 by Arthur Courtauld Willoughby
Lowe, the son, one of the executors, the value of the personal
estate exceeding £26,000. The testator leaves his old family
diamond ring to his wife, Mrs. Louisa Ruth Lowe, for life, then
to his son Arthur, with remainder as an heirloom to the tenant
for life of Gosfield Hall. All the rest* and remainder of his
property he leaves, upon trust, for his wife, for life or widow¬
hood, she allowing his two sons £1000 per annnm each, and on
her death or remarriage the residue is to go to his two sons, as
she shall by deed or will appoint, and in default thereof he
gives £(>0,000 to his son Edward Aubrey Courtauld Lowe, and
the ultimate residue to his son Arthur Courtauld Willoughby
Lowe.
The will (dated Oct. 19, 1886) of Mr. Thomas Parr Perry,
late of Lympston. Devon, who died on Sept. 30 last, was proved
on Nov. 10 by George Knox Whitehead, the nephew, and Mrs.
Sophia Whitehead, the executors, the value of the personal
estate exceeding £25,000. The testator bequeaths to the
Clergy Orphar. Corporation, whose schools are at Canterbury
and St. John’s Wood, all the money standing in his name in
the Three per Cent Consolidated Annuities ; £200 to Mrs.
Clementina Dent; £100 each to Flora Pierce and her sisters,
Mary and Annette; and his house called Brook Cottage, with
the furniture and contents thereof, to his nephew, George
Knox Whitehead. The residue of his property he leaves, upon
trnst, for his said nephew and Sophia, his wife, and, on their
deaths, to their children.
The will (dated May 16, 1888) of Lady Alexandrian
Charlotte Mabella Cecil, wife of Lord Brownlow Thomas
Montague Cecil, late of Marine Parade, Dover, who died on
Oct. 17, was proved on Nov. 13 by Lord Brownlow Cecil, the
sole executor, the value of the personal estate exceeding £7000.
The testatrix bequeaths certain stocks and shares, upon trust,
for her husband, for life, and at his death she gives £300 each
to Margaret Boult, Margaret Bainbrigge, Grace May, Maria
Evans, Laura Gillespie, and Nathalie Cumont; £350 each to
her god-daughters Lady Laura Cecil, Edith Bainbrigge, and
Cecil Cassels; £50 to the Church Missionary Society ; £25
each to the Mission to Deep Sea Fishermen, the National Life-
Boat Institution, and the Girls’ Orphanage, Northampton;
£50 to the Sailors’ Orphan Girls’ Home. Hampstead ; £19 each
to the Cripples’ Home, Regent’s Park, and the Colonial and
Continental Church Society ; £10 each to the Dover Hospital,
the Christ Church Mission Church, Dover, and the Soldiers’
Home, Dover; and £f> to the East Cliff Mission, Dover, and
other legacies ; and the remainder: of such stocks and shares
between Lady Laura Cecil, Edith Bainbrigge, and Cecil Cassels,
The residue of her property she leaves to her husband.
His Excellency the Viceroy of India and the Marchioness
of Lansdowne left London on Nov. 10 for Brindisi, where they
joined the mail-steamer for Bombay.
During Thursday night, Nov. 15, and the following morn¬
ing, a severe gale prevailed over Scotland, the north of England,
and Ireland, causing great damage to shipping and loss of life
amongst seamen. Inland, considerable damage to property was
caused at Glasgow, Edinburgh, and other places.
Cardinal Lavigerie has written to Cardinal Manning, a
member of the committee of the British and Foreign Anti-
Slavery Society, expressing high regard for the society, and
enclosing for it, out of the Pope's bounty, an order on Paris for
50,000 f. (£ 1975).
The Countess of Aberdeen presided on Saturday, Nov. 17,
at a meeting consisting chiefly of ladies, held at Mr. P. W.
Bunting’s, 11, Endsleigh-gardens, to discuss the election of
women to county councils. Lady Aberdeen urged that women
had been of much use on boards of guardians and that they
ought to sit on the councils. Resolutions in support Pf the
candidature of Lady Sandhurst and Mi9S Cobden were passed
and for the appointment of a committee.
INVALIDS’
TEMPERATURE
ALARM
INDICATOR
SILVER KEYLESS
AMERICAN' STIFFENED
EACH.
PERRY and Co’s SPORTING WATCHES.
A (.entletimn'A Keyless Action Goltl Sportim? Watch; l* line
MERICAN WADI HAM WATCHES.
Silver freiit 2. ; Sold from £3 3s.
iERRY and Co.’s SOLID MARBLE CLOCKS,
INSTEAD OF A QUILL,
THE FLYING SCOTCHMAN PEN.
IRRY and Co’s CAr^ET WOOD BRACKET
PERRY
PERRY & CO,
STEEL PEN
MAKERS,
18 to 20, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON
stfwt, freest pen we ever need ."—Quetn.
and Is. per Box, at all Stationers.
Box, of all kinds, Is. Id. by post.
By
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Appointment.
SPEARMAN'S SERGES.
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CORPULENCY
rotes how to harmlessly, effectually, and
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r Times" says:— M Mr. Russell's aim is to
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coma beyond ail doubt. The medicine he
st not lower but builds up and tones the
MAPPIN & WEBB’S
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THIS WONDERFUL MEDICINE
s«irir;r d "“u„ A „T' d r d Speoiflo for 3101
NOV. 24, 189?
The ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
BEECHAM’S PILLS HAVE THE LARGEST SALE OP ANY PATENT MEDICINE IN THE WORLD.
631
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
KOV. 24, 1888
. MUSIC.
Mr. llenachel inaugurated, on Nov. 20, a new series (the third)
of his excellent “ London Symphony Concerts ” at St. James s
Hall. These performances give a special musical importance
to our London winter season, particularly in the absence of any
opera, and the discontinuance (as usual at this period) of the
Promenade Concerts. M r. Henschel’s first programme was of
strong and varied interest, and consisted entirely of instru¬
mental music, the widespread taste for which is now sufficient to
gain acceptance for selections limited to that class of composi¬
tions. The chief feature of the opening concert was Beethoven’s
seventh symphony (in A), the only novelty announced having
been a “Suite” by Grieg, from the music to Ibsen’s dramatic
poem, “ Peer Gynt.” The several movements of this work are.
respectively, entitled: “In the Morning,” “The Death of
Ases,” “ Anitra’s Dance,” and "In the Hall of the Mountain
King.” Of the merits of the music there will, we believe, be
another opportunity before long of speaking, when the work
may be more favourably placed than at the end of a sufficiently-
long programme.
The first of the two concerts at which Madame Patti was
announced to appear before her departure for a tour in South
Amerioa was given at the Albert Hall on Nov. 20. Nearly
every seat in the spacious building was occnpied, and there
was an excellent entertainment, Madame Patti having
for coadjutors Madame Patey (who replaced Madame Tre-
belli), Mr. Edward Lloyd, Signor Foli, Miss Nettie
Carpenter (violin), with Mr. Ganz conducting a full orchestra.
The extremely familiar programmes offer nothing calling for
detailed comment. It will, therefore, suffice to say that the
prima donna was, as usual, in excellent voice. Messrs. Lloyd
and Foli, Miss Carpenter, and an orchestra under Mr. Ganz.
likewise took part in the proceedings. On such an occasion,
the interest, of course, was almost entirely centred in Madame
Patti herself, who was accorded a most enthusiastic leave-
taking.
Mr. John Boosey’s London Ballad Concerts at St. James's
Hall were resumed on Wednesday evening, Nov. 21, when a
varied and attractive programme was prepared.
We have already recorded the opening of the thirty-first
series of the Popular Concerts at St. James’s Hall on the
evening of Nov. 12. The first of the Saturday afternoon per¬
formances took place on Nov. 17, when Sir Charles Halle
appeared as pianist, his solo performances having been in
Chopin’s “ Nocturne ” in E major from Op. 62 and his “ Bar¬
carolle ” in F sharp major, which were rendered with that
refinement of style for which the pianist has long been
eminent. He and Lad}' Halle (Madame Neruda) were worthily
associated in an appreciative * performance of Brahms’s duet
sonata in A (Op. 100) ; the lady violinist and MM. Ries, Straus,
Gibson and Piatti having rendered Mendelssohn's string quintet
in B flat (Op. 87) with fine effect. Sir Charles and Lady Halid
and Signor Piatti contributed to the performance of the closing
piece of the day, Beethoven’s pianoforte trio in D major (from
Op. 70). More or less familiar vocal pieces were well sung by
Miss L. Lehmann, accompanied by Mr. Frantzen. At the
second evening concert of the series, on Nov. 10, Lady
Halle (Madame Neruda) was again the leading violinist,
the occasion having brought back Mdlle. Janotha as
solo pianist. Miss Elsa was the vocalist, and Dr. Engel the
accompanist.
The sixth of the present series of Saturday afternoon con¬
certs at the Crystal Palace took place on Nov. 17, when Sir
Arthur Sullivan’s dramatic cantata, “ The Golden Legend,” was
performed; its many repetitions since its first production at
the Leeds Festival of 1886 proving the strong and sustained
attraction which it possesses, alike for metropolitan and pro¬
vincial audiences. The solo vocalists on the recent occasion now
referred to were Miss Emily Spada, Madame Belle Cole, Mr.
E. Lloyd, Mr. B. Foote, and Mr. A. Black, all of whom were
efficient in their respective degrees. The lady first named
appeared in sudden replacement of Madame Noidica, who was
to have sung, but was unavoidably detained by her American
engagement.
DEATHS.
On Nov. 8,18f8, at Woolwich, Licwt.-Col. Ernest Henry Mannlnphnm-
BuJler, commanding 2nd Battalion little brigade, voungcut son of the laio
.Sir Edward Manning! a n-Buller, Bart., of Dilhorne, Staffordshire, ngeil 49.
On Oct. 18, at 32, St. Petcrsburg-placc, Bayewatcr. of plcuro-nnc union la,
Jane Christiana (Janet), second daughter of the late Alexander Thorn, Esq
formerly Acting Deputy-Inspector-General of Hospitals, Bombay, and
Mauritius.'—Indian and New Zealand papers please copy.
The charge for the insertion of Birth a, Marriages, and Deaths
is Five Shillings. ’
MUDIE’S SELECT LIBRARY,
Limited, 9
30 to 34, NEW 0XF0BD-STREET, LONDON.
Subscriptions opened at any date for all parts of the
United Kingdom. Prospectuses Postage Free.
Surplus Copies of all the Best Books on Sale at greatly
Beduccd Prices.
Parcels Shipped at lowest rates to all parts of the world.
Lists Postage Free.
I YCEUM THEATRE.—Sole Lessee,
44 Mr. HENRY IRriNO.
... . _ Mr. R I 0 H A 11 D MANSFIELD.
* V *RT EVENING U ».4S, PRINCE KARL. List Nteht,.
r. Ric-liiml M_Prlncc_KsrI,_lil* original character.
10 GLOBE
YALYMPIA.—The WINTER EXHIBITION.
IieartHt ninl ventilated throughout. Lighted by Blec-
Iricitv on 1 ho latent approved principle. A (IIIAND CHRIST-
MAS FA I It of nil Nation*, with Special Al true lions, will be
held on DEC. I to FEB. 33, In*#.
pHRISTMAS FAIR-TOY-MAKERS and
oL 7 J.i’V.'.lMPDRTKRS(Englishand Foreign) will he allotted
in 1**1 positions. PROMENADE CONCERTS.
THE MESSIAH, CHRISTMAS EVE. Orchestra of seventy
- performers. Chorus of am. Full particulars will he duly
announced. Prospectus and applications for etwee of Secre¬
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Price 16 s
6 e —with loll Leather Can 4 Cord
very useful, light, but strong
AND I
THE LARGEST SHOW OF FAT CATTLE EVER HELD IN
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Tho FORTIETH GREAT ANNUAL EXHIBITION of FAT I
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Monday, Dec. 3,5s.: Tuesday, Dec. i. 1*.: Wednesday. Dec. 5,
mn p«?e!^»tei?Vraia^»^S l mii»r^wciaf ArraV mfmnitV’sVe
the lull eniNCMicLts ;il,i] Ihr IijJJ* ■ >f Ihr V;i ion! - ( '< illl l' III If-, 1
NOTICE.
I?DWARD STANFORD begs to announce his
# REMOVAL
from 55, Clmring-cross, and 13 and l», Lnng-ncrc, to
M and 37. COCKSPUR-STREKT. C’HAHING-CROSS, S.W I
Twenty Hours westwards from ins former bouse in
OUTLINE OP EDWARD STANFORD’S BUSINESS.
The “LILIPCT u» u .. L ,
vest-pocket Field nnd Opera Glass. Its particular.
newly-invented Perfect AchromaticConibinatlon Glasses
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E. KRAUSS CO.,
60, HAYMARKET, S.W.
Paris—4. AVENUE DE LA REPUBLIQUE.
I V ITREMArxIE (Stained Windows). - By
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i --at small cost. Illustrated Guido, Is , post-free.
AASL BARNARD, 119, Edgware-road, London.
| ELUMAN’S UN 1 VERS AL_£MBR OCAT 10 N]
IIRheumatisW" lumbago. )’
SPRAINS.
EAU de SUEZ
Vaccine de la Bouche.
The only Dentifrice whtch
has solved the problem of
how to preserve the Teeth,
nnd Is therefore the onlv den¬
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nnd permanently puts a stop
to tfic Toothache, ensuring
* TEETH. ^
London Depot: WILCOX and CO., 239, Oxford-.treet; and all principal Chemists in United Kingdom and Continent
Paris Depot: PHARMACIA BERAL, 14, Rue de la Paix.-Explanatory Notice# sent free on demand by all Depositor*
ADDRESS OF M . SUEZ, 9, RUBDB PROXY, PARIS.
Admiralty Chart*.
m-Maps.
Military Book*.
Ordnance Map*.
I*iilo*ime Fund Public.
Pamphlets.
Passport*.
Period ical*.
Physical Map*,
school Book*.
liiSk;
ifunl’s stock of Maps and .Book* a
.11
Lithography.
Edward ....v- ... ,
the leading publications of oilier publisher*, as.„.
in his own catalogue*. A special feature is mado of Main
published abroad by Foreign Governments and Publisher*.
London: EpWAItll BTA* •»««*•»
20 and 27, Cockspur-streel, Chai
' *- •— the Ordnauce Surve
(^OLDEN HAIH.—Robares AUREOLINE
I V-A produce* the beautiful golden colour aa Hindi admired,
i vv-- ranleJ jHTfcctly harmless. Price5s. M. and 10*. 6d., of all
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its. It. HOVENDF.N and SONS, 31 and 33 ; Berners
ROWLANDS’
EALYDOR
UMBRELLAS.
u England and
^Sole Agent for the C
On Nov. 36, (Sixpence), New 8<
THE CORNHILL
A DECEMBER, Containing
X.—XII.—CONCERNING SHEEP.....
MAN.-NOT SEEK BUT SINGER.—COUNTRY DANCES.—
. --"’*• .... . — ■ A LIFE’S MORNING, by the
i." Sic. (concluded). 1
u»d Co.. 15, Waterloo-plncc.
MAGAZINE for
FRENCH JANET, Chap*.
■.-Till: 'IT III. II '.Ai.ll-.ll
1 PIRATICAL F.S.
One Shilling, pust-frei
INDIGESTION: ITS CAUSES AND CURE.
1 By JOHN H. CLARKE, M.D.
J. Errs and Co.. 17o, Piccadilly ; and 4*. Thread needle-street.
One Shilling, post-free,
TVTOSE AND THROAT DISEASES.
i-v By GEORGE MOORE, M.D.
J. Err* And Co., HO, Piccadilly ; nnd 4*, Thread needle-street.
Just pubhahed, 3s.8d„ post-free,
TUMOURS OF THE BREAST, AND THEIR
A TREATMENT AND CUBE BY MEDICINES.
By J.COMPrON BURNETT. M.D.
J. Epp# and Co., iro, Piccadilly j arid 4S, Threadneedlc-fitrect.
T IQUEUR of the GRANDE CHARTREUSE.
1J This delici< its Liqueur, which has lately come so much
Into public favour on m e .nut of its « -' ‘ -
aiding Digestion and preventing Dyap
all ilie principal Wine and Spirit Merc
Sole Consignee -W. DOYLE, 35, Crult
wonderful properties of
and GLASS,and fewer still give so much tor so little !
TlFRBD t B. m pS^RC l B,3B,' Lndgate-bill. (Established 1700.)
Special Lis
“4 SIMPLE FACT ABOUT”
A KEATING’S COUGH LOZENGES. Ask throughout
the world, in any country that can >»e named, you will And them
largely sold. There is absolutely no remedy that is so speedy
In giving relief, ho certain to cure and yet the most delicate
can take them. One Lozenge gives case. Sold in )3jd. Tins.
VITRSBS (SI A L E).—The Hamilton
-i -y Association for Providing Trained Male Nurses, 23, South
A uil ley-street, London, W., supplies Experienced Male Attend¬
ants, with Hospital Training, for medicsl.surgic.il, and mental
eases in town or country. r«c term* and particulars apply to
the Medical Superintendent ae above.
S.F 0 X&IC 9 LIMITED
^PATENTEES &S01E MANUFACTURERS OFALL?
^STERLING IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FR
■_e«,TW.i?i
gJ??-AOE MARV^s
SAMDEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
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Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
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ation for the Skin ; it
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Bottles. 4 0.
Half Bottles, 2 3.
ROWLANDS’
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perfectly, and are jar
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have tried. -SiyiutL, MARIK ROZE.
PATENT
DIAGONAL SEAM CORSET. I
Will not split in the Seam* nor tear
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Perfect Comfort,Guaranteed Wear 1
Beware of worthies* imitation*
Every genuine Y & N Corset i
stamped “ Y Si N Patent Diagona
THREE GOLD MEDALS
Draper# and Ladies’ Outfitter#.
.... .For the«e symptom# u«#
JUJUBES. In contact with th# gland#
excited by the act of inching, (he
j*Me confection* tuscomei actively
..Tin* I*. 11*1., labelled ’’ Janie# Eppa and Cik,
Motumupathic Cbauuxta, Lon.o.n. ‘
e*iufh ami affecting t»i
EPPS’S GLYCERINE J
a» tin* moment they an. .....
glycerine in the** agreeable
gOZODONT. tho Fragrant Liquid Dentifrice, la a
hotatPcal proimration of wondrous efficacy in Preserving
and Beautifying the Teeth, Rescuing them from Decay, and
rendering them n« White aa AJalxutcr. It ie a Toilet Luxury'
of which alt should avail themselves. The unpleasant odour
communicated to the breath by catarrh, bad teeth, 4c., 1#
entirely obviated by this fragrant and aalUUry antiseptic.
Price ax fid. Sold eron w bere.
JEWSBURY Sc BROWN’S |
ORIGINAL AND ONLY GENUINE
Oriental
Tooth
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H £§£• X CtO tu
All Perfumers &
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aod 2 *. a<L Pot#.
ESTABLISHED 17‘)8.
"BRUISES'
11 SORETHROATfrotfcQLD-^TIFFNESS
| Pre pared anly by EIL1MAN SORSa.C ; SloutMflt|
“ Athletes from the Athletic Clubs have written r
asking how it is that after mjr performance I do not I
exhibit the signs of fatigue that they uMialljdo, and *
can only answer—Don't you keep ’ KHImnn’s Krribn
cation'? If not T should advise von to do so, ns it n<
only relievos pain but It strengthens vour nerved an
muscles.”— Victorina. —April 27, isst*."
“I can truly say that I owe my success in the 100 I
Yards Flat Race at Hnverill, Inst August, to Elllman’s ,
Kmbrocatlon, as four days previous to the race 1 unfar- ,
tunately sprained my ankle; after several applications, |
the swelling gradually subsided, which enabled me to j
put my shoe on with considerable ease, with the result .
mentioned.—T. A. Castle, ltose Cottage. Scretchworth, ,
Newmarket, March 10, 1888.’*
BATH SALT,
FOR SALT WATER BATHS,
| PREPARED with SEA WATER.
OGXLVIE Sc, SON,
Sea-Salt W orks, NORTH SHIELDS.
“O’CONNELL” MONUMENT WHISKY (IRISH).
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Now Ready. Tenth Edition.
Contents Symptoms of Dys¬
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Advice ns io Diet nnd Kegitnen ;
Diseases Sympathetic; Notes for
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nnd Ventilation ; Particulars of
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tor ono siai))|>.
Address : Publfhher,46, Holborn
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ED, PINAUDl
PARIS,37. B d de Stra. < -botirg j
■H PJNAIin’ 8 CeltliatedPeites f
. JU.l UtllUU VioletolParma 1 Tfepd ra
El) rninipMssu
UJJ.I IliaUU tonic: prevouts th«
WATER
THE PRICE OF PURE OIL.
POWELL’S
BALSAM
OF
ANISEED,
THE SUREST COUGH MEDICINE.
TRY IT.
Persons who suffer from * Chronic In¬
flammatory Condition of the mucous membrane,
periodically assuming an acute aspect, in the form of
Cough, Catarrh, Bronchitis, and Asthma, will
find Powell s Balsam of Aniseed a friend indeed.
Sold by all Chemists throughout the World, Is. l$d. nnd
2 b. 3d. per Bottle. Soo Trade Mark—“Lion, Net, and
Mouse." Established 70 years.
nov. 24, 1833 THE ILLUSTRATED LO NDON NEWS
throat diseases. —bbo wirs RnTirR’Q IffiKirAT IW«5TRITMENTS NICHOLSON’S
A BRONCHIAL TROCHES, which have proved so success- -DUillllild luUMLAL III 31 JlU JULJM IO Qood Ta3tG With Economy.”
ful in America for the cure of coughs, colds, hoarseness, ^ OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. —^ Wholesale City Prices.
bronchitis, asthma, catarrh, or any irritation or soreness of Violins. _ v THE CHOICEST and CHEAPEST
the throat, ore now imported, and sold in this country at &B& Violoncellos. U STOCKS OF DRESS FABRICS,
a. Ijd. per Box. Put up in tbo form of a lozenge, it is tho FT n£nU>\. JffL SILKS, and VELVETS.
Host convaait'Df, plwmani, safe. ftD«l .lire remody tor ejeariag J Harmonium.. MB l!| PATTRRSS PRES.
.ml streaktbooinp the voice m tbo world. Jk. Plano. Mgk\ , m rT.r.IIUTRATIOIfS ef Coelome.,
- -- - SMt Cornets. Jackets, Monties, .nd Ball Dresses,
RROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES B *” d Instruments, 1 posT-FBEE.
t> Care const.. 1NHV MU ®i < £ 1 ®°* e ®- MW! //. Order. \
old in this country at I
of a lozenge, it is tho
ire remedy for clearing I
gROWN’S
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gROWN’S
gROWN’S
gROWN’S
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Violins.
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TROCHES Dlustrated Price-List (Sixty Pages) post-free.
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rROCHES I ife. HANDKERCHIEFS. I
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the Hacking Congli in C
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nsumption.
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'lire Irritation in the Thr
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old by all Mediciue Dealer
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the affected tarts, and g
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f the throat and
boost i 111 mediate
il Troches. The 1
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those who orertax the voice, they are useful in relieving an I
irritated throat, and will render articulation easy. Sold by
all Medicine Dealers, at 1*. Ijd. per Box.
B ROW ^, na
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11 part* of tho L'ntted gta
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iSIOW ABROAD
rERAL P08T-0PPICB POB THAN!
TWO
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
C38
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES FAYN.
I confess that Russian novels generally fail to interest me.
The characters in them appear to he less of flesh and blood
than of wood -and of a very hard kind of wood ; and even the
initial difficulty of mastering their names I find considerable.
I am sure I should have felt the inconvenience of associating
with a voting person whose name was in fourteen syllables.
How could one have whispered it. when circumstances de*
mandifl secrecy/ And how much time it would have wasted
that might have been better spent 3 That sesquipedalian
patronymic, her surname, she could, of course, have exchanged
for my brief one ; but her Christian name would have been
alien to the tongue of love. I feel the same obstacle in the
endeavour to interest ravself in the heroine of a Russian novel.
I dislike all foreign names—if we had a really “strong
Government” they would not be permitted anywhere—but, in
the country of the Czar they are intolerable. Even Count
Tolstoi's genius as a story-teller has. on this account (and some
others), failed to greatly attract me ; and now it seems, if we
are to tiriiere one who has recently “ interviewed ” him, he is
going to still further test the fidelity of his admirers by
writing a novel “ exposing the illusion of romantic love.” The
heroine, while retaining for us English readers her poly¬
syllabic disadvantages, will not bo allowed to adore her lieloved
object, hut only to feel for him the attraction which is “ born
of identity of sentiment, similarity of ideal, and the friendship
of the soul.” This is what vulgar people, when wishing to
describe something very delicate hut rather insipid, call “ veal
without bacon.” But the Count means to go much farther
than the exposing an illusion. His object, he says, will be “ to
fill the reader with horror at the results of entertaining
romantic love at all.” I do not think he will succeed ; but he
is not the first who has attempted the same sort of thing. Jean
Pierre Camus, Bishop of Bel lay, wrote stories “to inspire
horror and disgust of love.” “ 1 should like to sec them,” says
Southey, rather drily (in his “Commonplace Book”); but
though, perhaps, the greediest reader in the world, he could
never get hold of the interesting volume.
A gentleman is in trouble with respect to a charge of
conspiring with another gentleman to obtain a little money
under false pretences. The matter is suhjmlicr, and, of course, I
have not a word to say against one who may be as innocent as
the driven snow. But the evidence for the prosecution is most
noteworthy. The accused is alleged to have represented him¬
self. by advertisement, as an agent for the stage. He had a
conqwuiy on hand(“ Jones and Co., of Wales”) and places in
it to fill, for which (as was natural enough) he expected
premiums. Theatrical aspirants, male and female, apply to
him in shoals. They make appointments with him, and
rehearse their parts. One applicant is a Roderigo, another is
a Jessica. He is nothing if he is not critical, and is so good
as to underscore the lines they ought to emphasise. Some of
them are as “promising” as the agent himself—sucking
Irvings and building 3fiss Terrvs. They exert themselves in
these private performances to the uttermost in a 1 it tie parlour
in .Sussex-street. S.W. But as it is now. alas ! alleged, solely
for the delectation of the accused. Their artistic host is
declared not to have been a theatrical agent at all, hut only a
collector of premiums. There never was—in the form, at
least, of a dramatic company—a *• Jones and Co., of Wales.”
Science assures us that force is never lost, and though I often
fail to understand her I am the last person to contradict her.
Supposing, therefore, the story of the prosecution is a correct
one. what has become of all those histrionic exhibitions—the
fury of Othello, the wit of Falstaff, the pathos of Desdernona .’
To act to empty boxes must be bad enough, but to simulate
the noblest emotions of the human heart, for the sole benefit
of a gentleman who is simulating a theatrical agent, must be
dis'ivs.Mjig, indeed.
I am not as a rule enamoured of sea-stories ; there is a
monotony about the ocean which seems to affect not only
those who make their business in great waters, but those who
write about it afterwards. Whoever has taken a long voyage
with the same companions gets uncommonly tired of ninc-
tenths of them ; and the same thing happens to me with the
characters of a nautical novel. When a master of the craft (l
am not. of course, alluding to the ship's captain) takes the
matter in hand, the result, however, is different, and Captain
Marryat and Mr. Clark Russell can make even sea-stories
attractive. It is not wonderful that both should have taken
in hand so tempting a subject as “ The Phantom Ship.” With
Marryat's novel of that name wo have most of us made
acquaintance ; it is not written upon his usual lines, nor can
it be called a great success ; hut it is a powerful story. Mr.
Clark Russell's recent hook, “ The Death Ship,” with which it
is interesting to compare it. is something much more than
this. If the proverbial jealousy of persons in the same way of
business would permit me I should describe it as a work of
genius. “ If it is not genius ” (to pilfer a saying from a dying
man). “ it is its cousin german ! ” But why the Vanderdecken
should the author have killed Imogene ? Had I known of his
murderous intention when he first introduced her to me he
would have lost a reader, and I an enthralling story.
A native of Honolulu having been condemned to death for
murder, has chosen to accept the alternative, offered him by
science, of being inoculated for leprosy, and has caught it.
The Government will, probably, “catch it” too, for having
permitted the experiment^ hut surely not upon good grounds?
The question does not go on all fours at all with that of
vivisection. In this case there is no compulsion in the matter.
It was desirable that it should be proved whether leprosy was
contagious or not. and the criminal gladly ran his chance. So
far os I know, there has been no instance of a similar
alternative being offered to a mail sentenced to death since the
two criminals in Edinburgh were put iuto what they were told
were beds in which men had died of cholera—but where, in
fact, nothing of the kind had occurred—to prove the effect of
fancy in producing disease. One of them—presumably the
one that had the most imagination—developed the cholera,
and the other was not ’* a penny the worse.” I suppose moat
people in Honolulu, or elsewhere, would rather be vaccinated
for anything than be hanged, not exoepfcing even one of
our own anti-vaccination agitators. If the operation did not
“ take ” he would be all right, and if it did and he perished, as
he had always said he should, he would prove his theory.
If there is nothing new under the sun, it was at least made
certain, the other day, that the “Complete Letter-Writer” is
not quite so complete as it was supposed to be. The best
< difions, I believe, contain samples appropriate to every cir¬
cumstance of human life, inclusive of how to express oneself
on breaking off our engagement with the young person we had
promised to marry. But this, though performed with the
greatest delicacy, was not accomplished on such lofty grounds
ns it has been of late in real life. A very religious young man,
indeed, has composed the following appeal (for his own use) :—
“ Dear Susan and Christian Sister,—I feel with regards marry¬
ing you, Susan, which is a very great responsibility on your
part, and also on mine, which I find was too hasty; but the
Lord will forgive me, and I trust you will — won’t you,
Susan? ... I have been putting your love with mine from
time to time, and find yours has been a great deal stronger
than mine.” He also offers his Christian Sister the sum of
eight pounds not to proceed with the action for breach of
promise. I wonder whether this is the sort of affection which
Count Tolstoi proposes to substitute for “romantic love”?
There is a great deal of the piety about it which he so de¬
siderates, though it i3 hardly what one would call 44 natural
piety.”__
Another action at law illustrative of the same subject
occurred almost simultaneously at Westminster. In this case,
however, the young gentleman was the injured person, and
sought to recover of the lady who hail jilted him certain
marriage gifts, mostly in the ironmongery line, though she
spoke of them generally as “ sticks.” “ I will see you,” said
she to the once beloved object—well, we will not use her words,
but she went “ the whole length of the expression,” as the
phrase goes (though, indeed, it is a very brief one), “ before I
will part with a stick.” With that inconsistency which belongs
to her charming sex, while clinging to these objects of personal
property with a pertinacity that would seem to prove their value,
she nevertheless maintained that her swain had bought them
all in “ job lots ” at sixpence each. The whole affair as a love-
match may be said to have “ gone off,” and with a very un¬
pleasant odour. And yet, though there was decidedly less of
the religious element than in the former case, there was quite
as little of that romance about it which the Count finds so
objectionable, and to be the real cause of all the failures in
matrimony.
I read that one of the evil results of the cold summer is
that oysters have not grown fat. To judge by the price put
upon them, however, I should think the fishmongers have.
For my part, I don't care one threepenny-bit (which is what
the best “ natives ” now cost apiece) whether these bivalves
arc fat or lean : they are beyond my means. “ If they be uofc
food for me. What care I how fat they be / ” to alter a little
what Sir John Suckling wrote of another kind of dainty.
There is (or, alas! was) a sort of exhilaration derived from
many oysters similar to that given by champagne, which,
however, I have known to be taken with them. The last
great ovster-feast I remember. I partook of at a public supper-
room in the company of an old gourmand well known at the
clubs, but whom nobody suspected of wearing a wig. After
six dozen of them—feeling, I suppose, the need of taking
something or another off before renewed exertions—he took
off his head-covering and hung it, to my “ hushed amaze,”
on the peg at the end of the partition that separated us from
the next box. He never spoke of this imprudence to me, then
or afterwards, but tacitly trusted to my honour not to reveal
it during his lifetime; and I did not abuse his confidence.
The whole expense—of the oysters—on that occasion was not
more than a sovereign. The author of the “ Physiologie du
Gout” tells us he once attempted to give his friend Lapeste,
who was passionately fond of these esculents, what he pro¬
tested he had never had—•• enough of them ” ; but when his
guest had eaten thirty-two dozen the host grew impatient and
ordered dinner. Those hart (Voeuvre*, at present prises, would
have cost him £4 Ifis.
A talented young friend sends me a sonnet from the
French—not generally a very acceptable sort of goods; but
this particular sample is not only meritorious in itself, but
very significant of the friendliness and charity with which
“our lively neighbours” regard any annexation of territory
made by perfidious Albion. The author of the poem is, I
understand, a certain Count Borelli. formerly Colonel of the
Legion Etrangdre which served in Tonquin, so that he ought
to understand the subject
ON DUTY IN BCR VAR.
They Iwule me jro. I went, alert ami tray,
I*a«*t lotus Uel.ls ami river banks new draw'd
Ami ll'hers ll>hlng a mini lake—ail rest.
My hoMlers marc lie. I until the close of <lav,
Then near, from mu the bamboos whore it lav.
IV«|»<1 a hlirh-pi'ife.l |wir*la‘* xihlH er-nt ;
Bright parrots where each had built its nest.
On mat-thatrlicl rots that smiled nbmn the way.
Oreat fan-leaved piiins swaved idly in the breeze;
While, dnninu' from the medlar's shade profound,
A brilliant pltreon mounted, eirellnn round ;
The litrhi fruit iflonmel gold iimorifr the trees.
Below the cactus llatnM. and *011 midst these
The village slept [ burnt it to the ground.
The last sentence has certainly all the charm attributed to the
Unexpected.
In mv last “ Notes ” I wrote somewhat playfully of the
late volume published by Dr. Anna Kingsford, under the
mistaken impression that its authoress was still living. I
ought, of course, to have known better; but in the book itself
I found no hint of its being a posthumous work, and thereby
fell into an error which I regret no less because it was a
natural one.
THE COURT.
The Empress Frederick and her daughters remain the guests
of the Queen at Windsor Castle, whence they occasionally make
excursions in the Great Park and country around the palace.
On Nov. 21 the Empress received a a address from the Mayor
and Corporation of Windsor. The deputation was introduced
to her Imperial Majesty’s presence by Count Seckendorff. The
Marquis of Lome arrived at the castle. Mdlle. Faber du Faur
and Mdlle. De Perpigna dined with her Majesty and the Royal
family ; and the ladies and gentlemen of the household joined
the Royal circle in the evening. The Queen went ont with the
Empress Frederick and Princess Louise (Marchioness of Lome)
and Princesses Sophie and Margaret of Prussia. Princess
Louise (Marchioness of Lome) and the Marquis of Lome left
the castle. The German Ambassador also left. Admiral Sir
Alexander Milne and Major Edye were received by the
Queen on the 22nd. They presented her Majesty with the
Jubilee offering of the Navy and Royal Marines, cons'sting of
models of the Britannia and the Victoria—the former a typical
line-of-hattle-ship when the Queen ascended the throne, and
the latter the most recently constructed armour-clad battle¬
ship at the time of the Jubilee. Her Majesty expressed her
admiration of these beautiful gifts, and of the workmanship
they displayed. Other gifts were subsequently accepted. The
Queen drove out in the afternoon, accompanied bj' the
Empress Frederick and Princesses Sophie and Margaret of
Prussia. The Duchess of Teck and Princess Frederica of
Hanover (Baroness Von Pawel Rammingen) visited her
Majesty. Sir Robert Collins arrived at the castle, and had
the honour of dining with the Queen and the Royal family.
Baron Reischach had the honour of being invited. The Queen
drove out in the afternoon of the 23rd. accompanied by the
Empress Frederick and Princess Beatrice ai.d Princess "Mar¬
garet ; and her Majesty went out with the Empress Frederick
on the morning of the 24th. The Queen received, as a
gift from Field - Marshal the Duke of Cambridge, a marine
bust of himself, sculptured by Mr. George G. Adams, F.S.A.,
who had the honour of submitting it to her Majesty's inspec¬
tion. In the afternoon the Queen drove out, accompanied by
the Empress Frederick. Mr. and Mrs. Goschen arrived at the
castle, and had the honour of dining with their Majesties and
the Royal family. Baron Reischach had the honour of l»eing
invited. Her Majesty and the Empress Frederick, with the
Royal family and the members of the Royal household,
attended Divine service in the private chapel at Windsor on
Sunday morning, the 25th. The Dean of Windsor officiated,
assisted by the Very Rev. C. J. Vaughan, D.D.. Dean of
Llandaff and Master of the Temple, who afterwards preached
the sermon. The Queen drove out in the afternoon, accom¬
panied by Princess Victoria of Prussia. Princess Christian
of Schleswig-Holstein, with Princesses Victoria and Louise of
Schleswig-Holstein, visited her Majesty. The Right Hon.
G. J. Goschen and Mrs. Goschen and Count Seckendorff had
the honour of dining with the Queen and the Royal family.
On the 2bth the Queen drove in her pony-carriage, accom¬
panied by the Empress Frederick, and proceeded to the drive
in the vicinity of George IV.’s Gateway, whence, sheltered by
the ornamental shrubbery, the party witnessed some interest¬
ing feats of military dexterity performed by the Queen’s
Indian Equerry. Her Majesty received intelligence of the
safe arrival of her grandchildren. Princess Margaret and
Prince Arthur of Connaught, at Bombay, where they were
met by the Duke and Duchess of Connaught. The new
Anstrian Ambassador (Count Deyra), the Chilian Minister, the
Nicaraguan Minister, and the Marquis of Salisbury, K.G.,arrived
at the castle. The Marquis of Salisbury lied an audience of her
Majesty. The Anstrian Ambassador was introduced to the
Queen, and presented his credentials, as Ambassador, to her
Majesty. The Chilian Minister (Don Carlos Antunez) and the
Nicaragnan Minister (Dr. Adan Cardenas) were respectively
introduced, by the Marquis of Salisbury, to her Majesty, upon
appointment as Ministers to the Queen's Court. On the 27th
the Queen, accompanied by the Empress Frederick, travelled
to town from Windsor Castle, in order to pay a visit of con¬
dolence to the family of the late Duchess of Sutherland at
Stafford House. Accompanied by her daughters, and attended
by the suite, the Empress Frederick left the castle in the
afternoon and walked through the principal streets of Windsor
to Eton College, whence her Imperial Majesty and party
subsequently returned to the palace.
The Princess of Wales, with Prince Albert Victor and her
daughters, left Copenhagen on the evening of Nov. 22 by
special train for Korsoh en route to England, via Fyen,
Jutland, and Germany. King Christian, the Queen, and the
Danish Princes and Princesses, accompanied their visitors to
the Copenhagen railway terminus, where the Danisli Ministeis.
the Corps Diplomatique, the Court dignitaries, and local
authorities were assembled. After taking a cordial farewell
of her parents and relatives, the Princess, with her family,
entered the train, and left amidst the cheers of the assemblage.
The streets leading from the palace to the terminus, the
public buildings and squares, and the railway terminus were
splendidly illuminated. The Princess, accompanied by Prince
Albert Victor and Princess Victoria, arrived at 31arlborough
House on the 24th from Denmark. Their Royal Highnesses pro¬
ceeded to Sandringham in the afternoon. On Sunday, the
25th, the Prince and Princess, Prince Albert Victor, and Prince
George, with Princesses Louise. Victoria, and Maud, were
present at Divine service in the morning at the Church of St.
Mary Magdalene, Sandringham Park. The Rev. F. Hervey,
Rector of Sandringham, and Domestic Chaplain to the Prince
and Princess, officiated, assisted by the Rev. J. N. Dalton,
Canon of Windsor, who preached the sermon. On the 2fith
the Comte and Comtesse de Paris and Princess Hdlene arrived
at Sandringham on a visit to the Prince and Princess. The
Duke of Cambridge also arrived at Sandringham. The Prince
of Wales, Princes Albert Victor and George, the Comte de Paris,
the Duke of Cambridge, and other guests have commenced
shooting.
Prince and Princess Christian have returned to Cumberland
Lodge from Germany.
Lord Brassey has presented a beautiful service of com¬
munion plate for use in the Savoy Chapel in memory of Lady
Brassey, who was formally years a member of the congregation.
By the accidental mistake of one photograph for another
we last week described the portrait of the Rev. G. H. Sumner.
D.D., late Archdeacon and Canon of Winchester, the new
Rishop of Guildford, as that of the Rev. Alfred Earle, late
Archdeacon of Tofcnes and Canon of Exeter, whose appoint¬
ment to a suffragan bishopric in the diocese of London was at
first announced in connection with the title of “ Bishop of
Guildford.” bat who is to bear the new title of “ Bishop of
Marlborough.”
DEC. 1, 1888
THE ILLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
THE LATE EARL OF DEVON.
fhe death of this nobleman, who was personally held in mnch
esteem and had filled offices of public usefulness, was recorded
in the ‘•Obituary" last week. The Right Hon. William
Reginald Courtenay, of Powderbam Castle, near Exeter, was
born in 1807, eldest son of the tenth Earl of Devon, and of
one of the most ancient noble families in England. An
ancestor of this family, among the ^rusaders, was elevated to
the throne of the Eastern empire at Constantinople. They
long exercised great m-reditary influence in the county of
Devon, but this has from various causes declined. The
late Earl was educated at Christ Church College, Oxford,
where he gained a fellowship; he served as one of the
inspectors of the Poor Law Board, and in 1852 was appointed
by Lord Aberdeen’s Government to the secretaryship of that
department, ne was. as Lord Courtenay, M.P. for South
Devon from 1841 to 1849, acting with the Peelite party as a
Liberal-Conservative, in 1859, he succeeded to the peerage;
in 1888, joining Lord Derby’s Government, be became Chan¬
cellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and afterwards President of
the Poor Law Board. He long performed, with much care
and diligence, the functions of Chairman of the Quarter
Sessions for Devon shire, and a statue was erected to his
honour in the city of Exeter. His Lordship married a daughter
of the late Earl Fortescue, and has left a son to succeed to the
earldom. The Portrait is from a photograph by Messrs.
Fradelle and Young._
NEW WELSH PRESBYTERIAN CHAPEL.
The Welsh Presbyterian congregation, whose pastor is the Rev.
R. E. Morris, formerly worshipping in Nassau-street, Soho,
whither they emigrated from Jewin-crescent, City of London,
some thirty-five years ago. have erected a new chapel in
Charing-cross-road, Shaftesbury-a venue, on a site of a boat
44<K) superficial feet. The greater part is occupied by the
chapel, the front of which is towards Charing-cross-road. In
plan this building is cruciform, the central space being
covered by a dome, and the arms by pointed vaults. Beneath
the dome, and in the crown of it. are ornamental arcades
pierced with numerons windows, casting a flood of light down
into the middle of the chapel. This arrangement naturally
results, on the exterior, in an octagonal lantern-tower, about
30 ft. in diameter. In the centre of the tower a ventilating
shaft is carried up, with an arrangement for exhansting the
air from the building, while fresh air is supplied by a number
of Tobin ventilators in different parts of the building. The
chapel seats about 500 : and there is a provision for a futnro
gallery behind the pulpit, which will give space for a good
organ and thirty additional sittings.
Under the chapel is a school-room or lecture-hall which
will seat from 350 to 400 persons. Communicating with this
are various class-rooms and offices, and a kitchen, with the
necessary appliances for tea-meetings. These last occupy the
basement storey of that part of the building which has a
frontage towards Shaftesbury-avenue. This, which only joins
the chapel by a passage on each floor, is treated as a distinct
feature in the design. The ground floor is taken up with the
minister's and deacons’ vestries, the main entrance from the
avenue, two staircases, and a ladies’ room with lavatory
adjoining. The first-floor contains a reading-room and library,
and the floor above has a large and well-lighted room, divisible
into two. to be used for such purposes as may be decided upon
hereafter by the church. The upper floor and the attic form
a house for the caretaker.
The chapel is faced externally with hammer-dressed York¬
shire stone ; the architectural details are in Ancaster stone.
The interior is lined with light-red Fareham bricks, with
dressings of Ruabon bricks and of Uorsham stone. The style
of the building is the later Romanesque, such as prevailed
towards the end of the twelfth century : and the work is
carried out everywhere in a thoroughly substantial and per¬
manent manner. The architect is Mr. James Uubitt; Messrs.
Peto Brothers are the builders.
CRYSTAL PALACE PIGEON, POULTRY,
AND RABBIT SHOW.
The twentieth yearly National Show of these fancy birds and
beasts, including eavies or guinea-pigs, was held at the Crystal
Palace from Monday, Nov. 19, to the following Thursday.
The aggregate number of living creatures exhibited was i;s 15.
or nearly 500 more than the show of last year, while the
varieties and sub-varieties of breeds and curiosities of cross¬
ings have so increased that the classes have risen from 437 in
1887 to 480 in 18*8. This shows how subtle are the differenc< s
between the many families and groups of pigeons, cocks and
hens, and rabbits. Some of them are natural groups, othe:s
are the artificial result of close, scientific, and experimental
breeding study of minute peculiarities of structure, size,
colour, and habits. Of poultry, there are the Spanish, the
Cochins, the Brahmas, the Hondans, the Hamburgbs. the Polish,
the Dorkings, the French, the Bantams, the Game, theMinorcas,
the Malays, the Andalusians, the Leghorns, the Black Javas and
Orpingtons, the Wyandottes, and several others ; besides ducks,
geese, and turkeys. The pigeons comprise pouters, carriers,
tumblers, fantails, turbits, barbs, dragons, Norwich croppers.
Antwerps, Jacobins, trumpeters, nuns, runts, ruffs, frills,
blondinettes and satinettes, and sundry toy varieties ; to which
magpies were added. Among the rabbits, only mentioning the
"Belgian hares," were lop-ears, Dutch. Angoras, Himalayans,
Flemish giants, fawn-coloured, silver, silver-grey, silver-brown,
and silver-cream ; while the eavies included Peruvian guinea-
pigs, Abyssinian, tortoise-shell, black and white, short-haired
and long-haired; some of which, and some of the fantail
pigeons, are represented in our Artist's Sketches. About thirty
judges were employed to decide the merits of candidates for
prizes in the many classes of poultry, pigeons, rabbits, and
th® mere lists of their awards and commendations
would fill several columns. Mr. J. Jennings and Mr. J. E.
Aldred were the judges of rabbits, which were exhibited to
the number of 427 ; Mr. Kempster Knight was the judge of
guinea-pigs. Some of the finest poultry was sold at high prices.
. 6 append lists of the pigeons,'and of the rabbits and
guinea-pigs, which appear in the Sketches on another page,
t hey are here numbered in the order iu which they stand from
the left to the right-hand side of the page, not including those
in the upper Engraving, of which we give no special list
Pioboxs.
1. Mr. W. Stevenson'a White Fantail, oock.
I' H 1 **’ £ Lovcrridge’s While Fan Lull, hen.
3. Mr*. H.. Chapman** Fantail hen (3rd prize).
k’ S , nt f' lfTc ‘’f s,lver BIuo Turblt (l»t prize).
J* J! B,ue 1 ,ed 0*t prize and Cnp).
7 W.fWvenwnVwhite and black hen Fantails (1st ai
7. Mr. J. Moores White Fantail hen (2nd prize).
md 2nd prizes).
Babbits and Ouinba-Pios.
J* Si'* w female Peruvian Guinea-pi# (1st prize, Medal)
*• w r W Bead’s Peruvian Guinea-pig, female. U
JJ r ' i « Ravenor '» Peruvian Guinea-pig.
i Mr , Humphrey', Flemish Gtant Buck Rabbit (tot prtoe, Cup).
6 Mr w r n Tortnbw-ihell Cuvy (2nd prize),
e. Jir. w. c. O. Elliss Peruvian Gtunea-pig. r
WMJSH PIUtSBYTtHIAS CHAI'KL IX SUAJ'TSbPt'KY-AVBNUE.
THE PLAYHOUSES.
It in the fashion
times, to visit the sins of theP“ y “! Iy L bad playing, if «
tnnate author. If a scene drags P _ thoroughly mieunder-
cbnracter is assumed hy romeone hopelessly floundering
stands it, if actors and actresses.ref^nd hopelessly n _ ^
about and casting appealing g . t bad casting, insiif-
the stern censors in the pit catcall and cry thonirht that there
wBl^me ‘‘^anthor-'baHi'ng 0 " '•.‘USSri
some
Sr Sy* j^.«!7SS2?
3SS3W:&B5EKS
that it might well have been selected ™ ■
Toole, and his clever little company; butL’^Mr^Vshtey-
nnfortunate east the little play goes a to piece* “'^lder-
otberwise an excellent actor-is wholly nsmted to the A ne
man • he plays it as light comedy instead of strong character.
The two oW soldiers who made one audience cry makes anothe
audience langh when the characters are taken by Mr. frank
Kinghome and Mr. W. H. Pennington. A bright tng^nne, who
could be played to perfection by an aotrws like Mj , ^
Brough, is turned into a smart Yankee “ gal who i terlann
her conversation with American faceti® that “ n " d
they were borrowed from the amusement corner or * »miiy
,,ai» r With the exception of Mr. Royce t arleton who has
a*Stead on his shoulders, and Miss Gabr.elle Ooidn^ who
bids fair to be an excellent comedy actress, thero is scarcely
one in the cast who even approximately approaches the author ,
idea. The consequence is that the play falls to pieces, and the
author's work is condemned instead of his, or the ;
want of judgment in collecting people to play otowoters for
which thev are ill suited, either physically or mentally.
According 'to our present system, actors and «ct r esses aie
tanght to go on the stage, and play themselves, whilst they
recite words written by other people. They seldom d J' ea " 1 ° f
disguising their own personality for the pnrpose of the play,
which is one of the provinces of the actor. \\hy are they
called actors ! They certainly do not act anything or become
anybody. They are simply Mr. So-and-So in another wig or
Miss So-and-So in another gown. It is quite right to condemn
“The Alderman,” and “A White Lie "also, for the matter of
that, as played at the Jodrell Theatre, bnt not because they are
bad plays, or could not be made good ones. They should be
condemned because the acting displayed in them is quite
beneath what the public has a right to expect at a high-priced
theatre. It is a perfect farce to charge West-End prices for
common provincial goods. If theatres like the Jodrell are
ever to succeed the prices should be reduced 50 per cent. It is
difficult to believe that tbe company at the Jodrell can cost so
much as to necessitate the same charges as are made at the
Lyceum, the Haymarket, or the Court.
Another instance of conspicuous bad playing is found in
Mr. Jocelyn Brandon's English version of Dandet s “ L'ArlC-
sienne.” It is so easy to slirng the shoulders and talk of
“ rubbish,"and say that “the public will not stand this sort of
thing." when the play has had no chance given it of success.
This delightful play, thanks to good acting and Bizet's en¬
chanting music, has more than once been brilliantly successful
in Paris. But there it was finely acted and beautifully done.
We do not say this simply because it is a French play, for many
French plays are execrably performed. But we do maintain
that if the passionate mother had been played by Mrs. Kendal,
and if the romance had been realised by snch a stage-manager
as Mr. Hare, if tbe acting bad been forcible and tbe direction
capable, a very different tale might have been told. But
because “The Love that Kills” is badly cast, badly acted,
badly directed, and clumsily misunderstood by almost every¬
one concerned, the tvhole weight of the failure is put
on the wrong shoulders. Mr. Jocelyn Brandon has done
his work well enough; it is not his fault. We do not
believe at all in the introduction of the fatal Arlesian
woman. The whole dramatic idea, the whole beauty of the
play, vanishes when she appears. But young authors have to
yield to vulgar prejndice. The pople who influence them show
that they know about as much of poetry as of Greek ‘roots.
There is little nse in pointing ont the individual instances of
bad playing in this pretty play. The poetic key was never
once touched. The whole thing was ont of tunc, and no
patching or pieceing conld make it better.
Mr. Alfred Calmonr's “Widow Winsome,” produced and
excellently played at a Criterion matin&s, is a graceful and
pretty fancy enough, bnt is, we fear, too delicate in structure
and scarcely original enough in idea to bear the tossing of a
modern tide of criticism. The angry father, who protects his
daughters honour, and, at the same time, induces her to
marry for money ; the yonng spark, who is reformed to
virtuous ways and a decent life by the sight of an angel
face; the innocent maiden, who feels that by means of her
purity she can have influence over a handsome gallant who
is recklessly going to the dogs ; the prond lady of fashion
who makes open ad vances to a handsome youth, and who proved
the truth of the old adage, “ Hell has no fury like a woman
scorned ; —all these have figured before in many a well-
known and well-worn comedy, so that Mr. Calmour’s Dlav
sounds more like an echo of what has been than a promire
”®y “ nd startling-some fresh thought, some
original idea. We discard old oomedy, not because it is un¬
interesting, but because it is ineffective; and, truth to tell Mr
S"'iv r ,r pla £. leaTe8 ns exactly where we were before he w’rote
the Widow Winsome. He had the advantage of a strong oast
and some excellent ptayers-the ripe old comedy m™ne r o f
Miss Laura Linden were of the greatest advantage to the amhc d
Sir SK?
outburst of passionate acting, as good a* J 1Ul n
done. There was nothin-
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEW
AT THE CRYSTAL PALACE.
mmm i :
jf Wales turning on the water and malt for
3 . Clock Tower.
THE PRINCE .OF WALES AT ALLSOPP’S BREWERY, BURTON-ON-TRENT.
G42
THE ILLUST11ATED LONDON NEWS
THIS PRINCE OF WALES AT ALLSOPP’S
BREWERY.
His Royal Highness tlr. Prince of Wales, from Monday,
Not. 12' (o Thur day. the 13th was the guest of Lord and
Lady Hindlip, at Dovoriu. t Hall, near Uttoxeter. Lord
Hindlip. formerly Mr. S. C. Allsopp. M I*, for Taunton, is the
head of the great firm of Messrs. Samuel Allsopp and Sons,
brewers, of Hu r ton-on-Trent. The Prince of \\ ales ended his
visit to I love ridge Hall by going to Burton, with his host and
hostess and several friends—the Duchess of Manchester. Earl
Dudley. Ladv Randolph Churchill, Lady Florence Duucombe,
Count' Kinsky, and Mr. Sassoon being of the party—to see the
famous brewery. General Teesdale attended his Royal High¬
ness. At the Uttoxeter railway station, from which they
travelled to Burton by a special train, six hundred school¬
children were assembled on the platform to sing “God bless
the Prince of Wales .' " At Burton, where the train arrived at
noon, the Mayor of that town, Councillor Harrison, with the
Mayoress, met his Royal Highness; but no address from
the Municipality was presented. The Chief Constable of
Staffordshire, the Hon. Captain G. A. Anson, was also
present. Several directors of the great brewing firm (which
is a Limited Liability Company) — namely, the Hon.
George Allsopp. M.P., Captain H. Townshend, Mr. J. T.
Poys’r, and Mr. J. C. Grinling — received their visitors at
the railway station, and they all walked to the brewery, a few
hundred yards distant. Flags were displayed over the prin¬
cipal buildings in the town, and the church bells were set
ringing ; the people in the street, and on the railway bridge,
greeted his Royal Highness with cheers ; but it was not a
formal public visit to the borough of Burton-on-Trent.
The privileged visitors and others in the brewery offices
were made aware of the Prince’s arrival by vigorous cheering
from without, and the explosion of a hundred and one fog
signals, given as a “ brewery salute," in the adjoining yard.
Almost immediately afterwards, his Royal Highness was
received at the entrance to the offices by the officials of the
company—Mr. J. Ogden, the secretory,and Councillor Auty, who
were presented to the Prince by the Hon. George Allsopp. The
tour of inspection was at once entered npon, those in attendance
upon his Royal Highness including the directors and the
officials of the company already referred to, Councillor Stirk
(head-brewer), Mr. T. C. Martin, Mr. Wood (cashier), Mr. E.
Grinling, Mr. Starey (malting department), Mr. Strachan
(engineer), Mr. H. G. Anderson, and Captain the Hon. G.
Anson. The Hon. Percy Allsopp, M.P., another of the
directors, was prevented from joining the party through, we
regret to say, ill-health, and it is feared that his illness is of
such a nature that his absence from England for a month or
two will be rendered necessary. Leaving the offices by the
rear, and passing through the racking-room, the party proi
ceeded along the yard to No. 13 malting - room, where Mr.
Poyser explained to his Royal Highness the details of the
withering process which the grain was then undergoing,
and after an examination of the room in which the barley
is screened, a move was made, under the guidance of the head-
brewer, Councillor Stirk—who from this part took over the
duties of guide—to the mash-room, in which were located eight
tuns, each containing somethinglike DSO quarters. Here a brief
hut exceedingly interesting ceremony took place. His Royal
Highness, approaching the masb-tun, commenced a breiv of
pale ale by turning on the water and the malt. After the
mashing apparatns had lieen duly inspected, a move was
made to the wort-coppers — the warm atmosphere of
which department induced his Royal Highness to divest
himself of his ulster. In this department there are ten
receptacles, each of which is capable of containing a hundred
barrels. Returning through the mash-room, the grinding
mills, of which in the particular room visited there are two,
each of which grinds 25 quarters per hour, next received
attention, and his Royal Highness compared the ground malt
with that which was about to undergo the grinding process.
Retracing their steps, the party crossed the bridge, passed
through the fermenting-room, and gained the “ round ” room
(where, it was pointed out, the “ rounds," about 200 in number,
hold each 120 barrels), and then, taking a glance at the coolers
and refrigerators, desoended into union-room " A.” His Royal
Highness had meantime, with the assistance of the Hon. George
Allsopp. made some additional investigations into the oper¬
ation of brewing. The Prince, together with the other members
of the party, having satisfied his curiosity over the
barm - tub, traversed the bridge again, and arrived at
union-room “ B,” which contains more than 1400 casks.
Proceeding by way of the centre stairs, the hop-room wsb
reached, and here some time was spent in an examination of
something like 2000 bales and pockets of magnificent hops,
his Royal Highness especially making a minute inspection of
the valuable growth. At length the racking-room was
regained, and by means of an iron staircase the company
descended to the stores, with their contents of 30,000 barrels.
The hydraulic hoists, bv which the barrels are conveyed to
the loading stage above, and vice-versa, demanded a little
attention, and the party were then escorted to the western end
of the stores. Here a table had been deposited, and on it
dainty morsels of cheese, crisp celery, and small loaves and
biscuits were displayed, while sample glasses of various
kinds of ale were handed round, these being drawn by Mr.
Booth, ale storekeeper. The Prince partook of a glass of
bitter eight months old, sampled a portion of the ale which
was brewed specially for Captain Sir George Nares for nse in
the Arctic expedition fifteen years ago, and tasted some double
stout three months old. With the bitter ale his Roynl Highness
appeared particularly pleased, and his approbation found ex¬
pression in the remark, addressed to the Duchess of Manchester,
'■ This is delicious ! ” while the ale of a greater age also came
in for a share of the Royal favour. The distinguished
visitors enjoyed with evident relish this novel interval in
the morning's proceedings, sampling the various brews with
the keen sense of connoisseurs; and it is matter for con¬
gratulation. not less for Messrs. Samuel Allsopp and Sons,
Limited, than for the town at large, that the ales were in the
condition which is best described as “ the pink of perfection.”
The Royal inspection of the brewery was now at an end. It
occupied fully an hour and a half, but notwithstanding the
fatigue which " doing" an enormous brewery like that of
Messrs. Samuel Allsopp and Sons must necessarily involve, his
Roynl Highness did not experience the slightest inconvenience.
His interest in the brewery never for a moment waned, and as
each department was entered he manifested a keen desire to
be made acquainted with ite every detail. Between three
and four thousand of the general pnblio were admitted
by 'ticket to the brewery premises, and during his pro¬
gress from room to room the Prince was cheered again
and again, while from the workpeople and stuff similar
demonstrations of loyalty proceeded all along the route, ns
it were ; his Boyal Highness's reception inside the brewery
was, in fact, as cordial and enthusiastic as it wns outside,
and he repeatedly returned the salutations. The public
wera distributed in seotioos throughout the buildings, and
tkw every facility was afforded for a glimpse of the Heir
Apparent. Upon leaving the stores the Prince was conducted
up the spiral staircase to the board-room, and, with the other
visitors, entertained at luncheon by Lord Hindlip. The table,
of a horseshoe form, was adorned with valuable plate and
beautiful floral decorations. The inside edges were bordered
with miniature ferns, and from the floor in the centre roee a
group of graceful palms, whose sombre hues were here and
there relieved by the delicate bloom of the arnm lily. Imme¬
diately opposite his Royal Highness reposed, on a piece
of prettily-designed electro-plate, a charming bouquet com¬
posed largely of Roman hyacinths intertwined with ferns,
and down the table on each side beautifully - arranged
bouquet*, palms, ferns, and orange-trees were judici¬
ously disposed. The fireplace was for the occasion turned
into a miniature conservatory—palms and maidenhair ferns,
primulas and begonias, being freely distributed thereabout;
while over the mantelpiece hung a splendid painting of his
Royal Highness, represented as the Grand Master of Masons in
England. Immediately over the entrance to the board-room,
on the inner side, was an artistically-arranged crescent of flags,
and the doors were hung with rioh tapestry. Mr. J. T. Voyser’s
office, which closely adjoins the board-room, had been fitted up
in an elegant manner as a ladies' boudoir. The furniture was
of the Queen Anne pattern, and was upholstered in rioh
crimson velvet. It was also furnished with arras hangings, a
beautiful Indian screen, and a choice overmantel, while a
magnificent'bouquet rested on an occasional-table. The corridor
by which the boudoir is approached was made gay with a
number of small shrubs. The Hon. George Allsopp placed his
private room at the disposal of the Prince.
Perhaps one of the most pleasant incident* in the scene
within the brewery occurred just as his Royal Highness was
preparing to leave. A number of the staff and employes had
gathered in the offices near the principal entrance, and sang
“ God bless the Prince of Wales,” Mr. J. Tomlinson taking the
eolo, and the chorus being rendered in the heartiest manner
possible by all present. The Prince passed out during this
interesting manifestation of loyalty, and appeared much im¬
pressed by it. The arrangements for the inspection of the
brewery were made by Councillor Stirk, while the plant* for
the Prince’s room were supplied by Mr. H. Barker, Horninglow-
cross.
There was again a large crowd of people on the railway
bridge ns the Prince returned to the station, and when the
train started for Derby, with the saloon carriage to be transferred
there to a Midland Railway train for London,” brewery salntee ”
of fog signals were fired, in Messrs. Allsopp’s brewery. His
Royal Highness, in taking leave of Lord and Lady Hindlip,
and of the Hon. George Allsopp, again expressed his satis¬
faction at having inspected the great establishment which is
renowned all over the world.
THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSIO
TheJudicial Commisaiou appointed to investigate the “ cl_,
and allegations” set forth in the Time » against Mr. Part_
and other*Irish members of the Land League and the National
League held further sittings
at the Royal Courts of
Justice on Wednesday. Nov.
21, on Thuxsday and Friday,
and several days in the
following week. The Judges
are Sir James Hannen, Mr.
Justice Day, and Mr. Jostioe
A. L. Smith. The first
business on the Wednesday
was to pass sentence on Mr.
Edward Harrington, M.P.,
who ia proprietor of a
local newspaper, the Kerry
Sentinel , for an act of con-
, tempt of Court brought
under the notice of the
\ Judges by the Attorney-
General on the day before.
This wns the publication, on
Nov. 14. of an article in
which the Jndges were said
I to be “ showing the measles
■ now," and were accused of
“ manifest prejudice," “ evi-
SulHvan, a Proeett-Server.
There has been an excited sitting in the French Chamber,
owing to M. Wilson, the son-in-law of M. Grfivy, resuming a
seat he had not oconpied for nearly a year. The members
generally manifested their objection to M. Wilson’s presence,
and the excitement was increased when the adjournment of
the Chamber was moved. The sitting was subsequently eus-
pended. and the President left the chair ; bnt on his resuming
it, three-quarters of an hour afterwards. AT Wilson was still in
hiB seat, and the discussion of the Budget was proceeded with.
The Emperor William opened the German Reichstag on
Nov. 22. His tone was confident as to the preservation of
peace, and he alluded with satisfaction to the English union
with him to suppress the African slave trade. The Reichstag
have elected the Conservative Deputy Herr von Levetzow its
President, the National Liberal Dr. Buhl First Vice-President,
and the Imperialist Baron von Unruhe-Boinst Second Vice-
President. The Emperor, on the 24th, entertained his princely
guests at supper in the Old Palace, Berlin ; and on Sunday,
the 25th. their Majesties attended a memorial service in the
Garrison Churoh in this city. Archduke Ferdinand d'Este has
taken his departure for Vienna. On the 26th the Emperor
received the President and Vice-Presidents of the Reichstag.
His Majesty is suffering from a slight cold.
M. Hertenstein, President of the Swiss Confederation, died
on Nov. 27 from the effects of a surgical operation.
St. Petersburg was splendidly decorated on Nov. 26 in
honour of the Czarina's birthday. A family breakfast was
given at the Anitchkoff Palace ; bnt only the Danish Minister
and his family were invited.—On the same day the King and
Queen of the Hellenes, accompanied by the Duke of Sparta,
Princess Alexandra, and the Grand Duke Paul of Russia, were
present at a celebration of the “ Te Deum” in the Russian
church, at Athens, in commemoration of the birthday of the
Empress of Russia. Their Majesties subsequently lunched
with the Russian Minister.
A banqnet was given by the Sultan in the Yildiz Palaceon
Nov. 26 in honour of Sir William White, British Ambassador.
The Hon. Michael Herbert, British Charge d’Affaires at
Washington, married, on Nov. 27, Miss Belle Wilson, daughter
of Mr. Richard Wilson, at St. Bartholomew’s Church, New
York. There were a thousand invitations, and a brilliant
gathering. Mr. Arthur Herbert was the bridegroom’s best
man.—The Bcnlling-race between Teemer and O'Connor for
£ 1000 took place on the Potomac River, over a course of a mile
and a half and return, on Nov. 24, O’Connor winning by ten
lengths.
Mr. Russell Lowell, ex-American Plenipotentiary for Eng¬
land, left Liverpool for New York on Nov. 22, in the Cunard
steamer Pavonia.
Colonel R. N. F. Kingscote represented the Prince of Wales
at the funeral, on Nov. 24, of Viscount Portman.
The Bishop of London has opened a bnilding erected in
Old Nichol-street, Shoreditch, to Berve as churoh, mission-room,
and club for that densely-populated district.
Sentence of five years’ penal servitude has been passed at
the Newcastle Assizes npon Charles Richardson and George
Egdell. who pleaded guilty to a burglary at Edlingbam Vioar-
age in 1879, for which two men—Brannigan and Murphy—
have wrongly suffered nearly ten years’ penal servitude.
The Lord Chancellor on Nov. 28 unveiled the marble bust
to the memory of the late Sir George Jesse!, Master of the
Rolls, erected on a pedestal close to one of the columns out¬
side the Lord Chief Justice of England’s Court in the Royal
Courts of Justice.
Mr. Walter Browne's little play called, “The Bo’snn's
Mate," at St. George's Hall, is not quite up to the level of
what is usually expected at the German Reed entertainment.
Thin, invertebrate, and amateurish, it is,no doubt, a creditable
effort for a first attempt; the old-fashioned dresses pleased the
eye. and Mr. Caldicott’s music is pretty enough; but the
capital little company has to labour to get a laugh, and tho
love-story dramatically illustrated is not very new or amusing.
However. Mr. German Reed, Miss Fanny Holland, Miss Kate
Tully. Mr. Ernest Laws, and Mr. Walter Browne, the author,
work with a will, sing brightly, dance cheerfully, and Mr.
Forney Grain comes on at the right minute to make the people
roar with laughter with his sketoh of “John Bull Abroad.”
dent bias,” unfairness, browbeating of witnesses, and per¬
mitting the police to swear falsely without reproof ; and it was
added, “The Commission is the creature of the Government
and the Timet' conspirators." It was stated next day by Mr.
R. T. Reid, the Counsel for Mr. Edward Harrington, that
his client had refused to follow his advice or to offer
any apology ; and Mr. Edward Harrington, when called on
by the Court, replied that he had nothing to say, and
that he would accept the responsibility. The Judges then
retired for ten minutes’ consultation : and, on their return
into conrt, the President, Sir James Hannen. said that,
althongh personally they would have been inclined to pass
over mere insults addressed to themselves, it was their painful
duty to impose a punishment for such a serious contempt of
their authority, and he therefore sentenced Mr. Edward
Harrington to pay a fine of £500 to the Queen.
The examination of witnesses in support of the allegations
made by the Timet against the Land League and the National
League, in “Parnellism and Crime," was continued by the
Attorney-General. Sir Henry James, and Mr. Atkinson ; and
they were cross-examined by Sir Charles Rnssell, Mr. Lock-
wood, Mr. Reid. Mr. T. Harrington, and sometimes by Mr.
Davitt and Mr. Biggar. One of the witnesses on the Tuesday
and Wednesday was Miss Lizzie Cnrtin, now post-mistress at
Wicklow, but who was living with her father and mother at
Castle Farm, in Kerry, in November, 1885, when her father
was killed in fighting
with a gang of Moon¬
lighters who attacked
his honso. This young
lady and her sister,
MissNora Cnrtin, with
their brother George,
bravely struggled with
the dastardly assail¬
ants, and afterwards ^
gave evidence at the
trial, for which the
whole family were
boycotted and exposed
to crnel iusnlt and
persecution. The ap¬
pearance of Lizzie
Curtin and George
Cnrtin before the
Commissioners of In¬
quiry therefore excited
no little interest among the audience; our Artist has
sketched their portraits, and likewise that of Miss Nora Fitz-
maurice, of Ahabeg, Lixnaw, in Kerry, who described the
murder of her father, on Jan. 27, 1887. when she was with
him going on a car to Listowell fair. Her father was
murdered because he had taken a portion of land from which
her uncle had been evicted, and he had been denounced by a
resolution of the Lixnaw branch of the Land League published
in the Kerry Sentinel. After her father's death, when Miss
Fitzmaurice went to chnrch. fifty or sixty of the congregation
walked out, and she was afraid to go to church any more—the
same treatment that Miss Cnrtin and her sister had endured.
The evidence of Mr. Maurice Leonard, a Justice of the Peace,
agent for Lord Kenmare’s estates in Kerry, and formerly
assistant to Mr. S. M. Hussey, the most extensive land-agent
in that part of Ireland, occupied considerable time on
Wednesday and Thursday. It was of some importance as
proving the intimidation exercised by the Land League
over tenants who were not only quite able, hut very willing
and anxious, to pay their rents, and who frequently wrote
letters to the agent begging that the rent might be paid
secretly, and that he should pretend to be taking legal pro¬
ceedings against them, as if they had not paid, so as to deceive
the Land League, of which they were in terror for their lives.
A district inspector of police, Mr. Huggins, produced a
number of ferocious threatening letters and placards, in which
notice was given that particular persons, who disobeyed the
orders of the League, would be shot by “ Captain Moonlight,"
and there was a long list of actual outrages in Kerry. Mr.
Teahan, of Tralee, cattle-dealer and hotel-keeper, a shrewd,
hard-headed, indomitable man, who had made money at the
mines in South Africa, gave an amusing account of his own
oonflict with the Land League. The inquiry was resumed on
Tuesday, Nov. 27, which was the twentieth eitting, and it will
probably not be finished by the end of the year.
A League Witneet.
Mr. Monro, C.B., has been appointed Chief Commissioner of
the Metropolitan Polioe.
Mr. Frank Whittaker Bush, Q.C., has been elected a Bencher
of Lincoln's Inn, in place of the late Mr. E. Bazalgette, Q.C.
Lord Brassey opened a Mid-London Exhibition of Art and
Manufactures on Nov. 27 in the lecture-hall of the Congre¬
gational Church, City-road.
The bulletin on Tuesday night, Nov. 27, regarding the con¬
dition of Mr. Bright was of a favourable character. The
doctors reported an improvement in the state of the lnng, and
an accession to the general strength, while the constitutional
complaint wns somewhat better.
An Exhibition of Women’s Art Industries and Inventions
was opened on Nov. 26 at Hastings by Mrs. Lucas Shadwell. m
the absence of Viscountess Hampden, who was prevented from
undertaking the ceremony by a domestic bereavement.
Viscount Hampden, wbo is Lord Lieutenant of the county,
gave au address
?/& j
Royal Irish Constabulary.
re expressed my views to Mr. Harrington, who does not accept th
‘Ut the responsibility of anything that appears in my paper.**
len t# advtoo humility.
ie* Hannon, about to deliver Judgment.
Harrington's
CONTEMPT OP COURT: MR. EDWARD HARRINGTON, M.P., FINED £600.
SKETCHES IN COURT.
616
DEC. J,
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JAPAN, COREA, AND RUSSIAN TARTARY.
The political rumour of n Russian Protectorate being about to
bo established over the Kingdom of Corea, which vvas formerly
under nominal dependence on the Chinese Empire, but has long
resisted foreign intrusion, adds somewhat to the interest of
onr Sketches of the coasts of that peninsula and of Russian
Tartar.v. and of Yesso. the most northerly large island belong¬
ing to Japan. These Sketches were made by Lieutenant G. A.
Cox. R.M.L.I.. on board H.M.S. Cordelia, a ship of the British
naval squadron on the China station, during its northern cruise
this year. Thes piadron.consisting of the Jmpcriense, Leander.
Cordelia. Sapphire. Constance, Heroine, Mntitie. Swift. Linnet,
Wanderer. Alacrity, and Porpoise, is seen in one Sketch lying
in the harbour of llnkodadi, or Hakodate, which is one of the
Treaty Ports of Japan, on the south coast of the island of
Yesso' but is of diminished commercial importance. A few
miles distant from Hakodadi, across the Tsugaru Strait, on the
shore of Niphon or Hondo, the largest Japanese island, is the
little port and town of Awomon, noted for the manufacture
and sale of a peculiar sort of rough lacquer-ware, something
of a curiosity. The chief town of Yesso, on the west coast
fronting the Russian maritime provinces of Asia, is Sapporo,
or Satznporo, up a river that flows into the Ishikari Bay ; and
the seaport for this town is Oterrauni. sometimes written
Otaru. which is now connected with the city by a short
single line of railway. A view of the head of the bay at
Oterrauni. with a grotesque signalling apparatus of wooden
posts and beams, on which some words of the Japanese
language are inscribed, is given in one of the Sketches. The
Russian Asiatic mainland coast is about 250 miles distant; it
is geographically a portion of Eastern Tartary, and contains,
besides the fortified naval port of Vladivostock and the Amur
River, the nearer harbours of Castries Bay, Port Lazareff, Olga
Hay, Peter the Great’s Bay. and Possiet Harbour. The large
island of Saghalien, to the north of Japan, has been annexed
to the Russian Empire, whoso dominions southward border
also on Corea, including nearly all the mainland opposite to
the Japanese islands.
NEW BOOKS.
f'i'rrrapottdenrr of Daniel O' Connell. Edited by W. J. Fitz¬
patrick. Two vols. (Murray).—In the present situation of
Irish politics, those who have felt called upon to form some
opinion with regard to the manner in which the Home Rule
agitation has been conducted, during the past eight or nine
years, should find the contents of these volumes interesting
arid instructive. The elders among ns can personally' remember
the efforts of that great Irishman, unquestionably an earnest
patriot and a champion of civil and religious liberty, who first
raised the banner of Repeal of the Union, and whose prose¬
cution and imprisonment, in 1K44, excited much popular
sympathy. The feeling then entertained concerning Daniel
O’Connell by many English Liberals who did not think his
main object either desirable or practicable, and who may not.
if still living, have altered their view of that question, was
not entirely derived from admiration of his energy and com¬
manding genius. It was, in a great measure, from their
approbation of the humane, the peaceable and law-abiding
spirit in which he had carried on a purely political struggle
of enormous force, and his resolute avoidance of everything
likely to occasion the perpetration of outrages and acts
of violence, or to incite the peasantry to a social war
of classes. Daniel O’Connell, in this sense, consistently
displayed a loyalty to the permanent interests of civil¬
ised and Christian society, which was perhaps due as much
to the natural benevolence of his heart, and to his sincere
religious sentiments as a devout member of the Catholic
Church, ns it was to his sagacious perception of the best way
to serve his cause. With reference to agrarian outrages, com¬
mitted in 1833 by the gangs of " Whitefeet,” who resembled
tho "Moonlighters" and followers of "Rory of the Hills"
lately infesting some parts of Ireland, we find him writing to
a Dublin journalist: " Give a caution to the atrocions White-
feet- They have played the game which the enemies of Ireland
wished them to play. The execration of every good or honest
man is upon their crimes ; the vengeance of God will sooner
or later be executed upon ’ their wickedness—the last and
worst of those villainous miscreants who have given strength
to the enemies, and weakened the friends, of Ireland. But
still I do not despair of my country." Again, towards the
height of the contest, he wrote : “ There can be only one way
of stopping Repeal—namely, by involving it in any breach of
the peace or violation of the law ;’’ and his latest public act,
in December, 184(1, was to insist on excluding from the Repeal
Association men who would not disclaim the idea of resorting
to physical force. This example is deserving of remembrance;
and the present collection of his private letters will, on the
whole, not only enhance the esteem for O’Connell's personal
character, which was admirable in the private relations of
family and friendship, but also confirm a high estimate of his
rat e ability as a politician, notably of his tact and discernment
of fitting means. His integrity cannot be doubted except on
the supposition that he did not believe Repeal to be an
attainable end, and that he wilfully practised a delusion
to extract money from his misguided countrymen. But he
evidently did believe in the success of his endeavours, and
hoped to fulfil his promises. He might be excused for so
large an expectation, because he had succeeded marvellously
in the tasks of obtaining Catholic Emancipation, some reduction
of the Irish Church Establishment, a Reform of the Irish
Corporations, and the relief of Irish tenants from the burden
of tithes, against the most vehement opposition from parties
in Ireland, but with the assistance of the English Liberal
Party. These were just and reasonable demands ; and it was
for the sake of the two last-mentioned practical reforms that
O'Connell, from 1334 to 1341, lent his support to Lord Mel¬
bourne's Ministry, putting so long in abeyance, but never
disavowing, his original and ultimate purpose, the Repeal of
the Union. In the collection of his private letters, mostly
addressed to the late Mr. Patrick Vincent Fitzpatrick, his
confidential friend in Dublin and treasurer of the funds
subscribed to maintain those political efforts, we find nothing
to justify the imputation of mercenary motives. O'Conncli,
born in 1773, was in middle life when he gave up a professional
practioe worth nearly £4(31(4 a year to devote himself to
politics ; he was put to enormous expense in contested elections,
and in tho trial of election petitions; he refused offices of
dignity and emolument, Buch as the Mastership of the
Rolls : and though he received personal assistance from
the offerings of the people, as Grattan did from the Irish
Parliament, and Cobden from the Anti-l’orn-law League,
it is certain that his pecuniary sacrifices were larger than any
such compensation. The perusal of these letters, especially of
his frank and unstudied communications to private friends,
allows the reader to believe in his substantial integrity, and in
the sincerity of bis public action ; and though, in dealing with
the Whigs of the Melbourne period—for he was in direct hos¬
tility to Lord Grey—there was an admixture of diplomatic
craftiness, he caunot lie said to have liehaved treacherously or
deceitfully towards them. Mr. W. J. Fitzpatrick, the editor
of this correspondence, and the author of a biography
of Bishop Doyle and a book on the state of Ire¬
land before the Union, does not pretend here to narrate
the history of O'ConnelTs life and times, hut merely inserts
brief notices of important events, and provides, in the
foot-notes of the pages, sufficient particulars concerning the
many Irishmen, hardly known by name to us in England, who
are incidentally mentioned in the letters. We presume that
the editor is not a relative of Mr. P. V. Fitzpatrick, as there
are several different families of that name; bnt he has per¬
formed his task with much care and diligence, having had the
materials entrusted to him by the families of those to whom
O’Connell was in the habit of writing, some of whom were
persons of high rank and character. The collection is a valu¬
able addition to our knowledge of those times, and to our
acquaintance with a great man, whom one is even inclined to
regard as a good man. allowing for the conditions of stormy
struggle in which he lived and laboured, and for the ideas by
which he was prompted to unsuccessful action.
The Holy Placet of Jerusalem. By Professor Hayter Lewis
(Murray).—The author is Emeritus Professor of Architecture
in University College, and one of the executive committee of the
Palestine Exploration Fund. He has made repeated visits to
Jerusalem, and may be considered one of the first " experts ”
on all questions relating to the archaeology of the Holy City.
The subjects principally treated npon are the Dome of the
Rock, the Aksa. the Golden Gate, the Holy Sepulchre, Siloam,
and Jeremiah's Grotto. A special interest has lately been
felt with regard to Jeremiah’s Grotto, which is just outside of
the Damascus Gate. Those who are doubtful about the
authenticity of the present Holy Sepulchre are inclined to
believe that the real place of the crucifixion was on the knoll
over the Grotto of Jeremiah. General Gordon believed in
this as the true site, and Major Condor is an advocate
for the same view. Professor Hayter Lewis thinks that
there is as yet no reason for renouncing the old site.
The greater part of his book is devoted to the Dome
of the Rock, and the various theories connected with it. On
this, as well as on all the subjects dealt with, the very latest
information and discoveries are brought forward. It is not
only a work of learned research by a competent authority, but
is, at the same time, from the collection of data, a most useful
treatise on the archeology of Jerusalem. It is beautifully
illustrated, principally with subjects which bear on the
questions of architecture.
Plymouth Armada Heroes: The Hawkitu Family. By
Mary VV. S. Hawkins (\V. Brendon and Son, Plymouth).—
Last July or August, in our comments on the tercentenary
celebration, at Plymouth, of the defeat of the Spanish
Armada, we suggested that the people of that town, who
have erected a statue of Sir Francis Drake on the Hoe, should
do equal honour to the memory of their worthy fellow-
townsman, Sir John Hawkins, a sailor and sea-warrior of
merit scarcely less than Drake, and one whose part in that
great historical victory was quite as important. Miss Mary
Wise Savery Hawkins, of Harford Hall. Buckfastleigh. Devon,
a lineal descendant, as Bhown by the pedigree annexed to this
volume, from Sir John Hawkins and his son. Sir Richard
Hawkius, who also fought against the Armada, and who
was subsequently captured by the Spaniards, on the South
American coast, and kept nine years a prisoner, has com¬
piled a book that we wanted. Englishmen at this day
can have no better reading than the biographical memoirs
of a family, not merely a single person, though he was
most eminent on that signal occasion, whose services during
the sixteenth century, and for some years later, contributed
to the strength and independence of this country, and laid the
foundations of its maritime power and its commercial pro¬
sperity. It was. all that time, ft Plymouth family, holding the
most considerable looal position. William Hawkins, merchant
and shipowner, who sent out probably the earliest English
expedition to the Southern Seas, and who personally made
three voyages to Brazil, was twice Mayor of Plymouth in the
reign of Henry VIII., and represented the borough in Par¬
liament. His two sons—the eldest, Captain William Hawkins,
“ Governor ’’ of Plymouth, builder of the fortifications of that
port, and one of the most active naval commanders — the
second, Admiral Sir John Hawkins. Treasurer and Comptroller
of Queen Elizabeth's Navy—also held the office of Mayor, and
Sir John sat for Plymouth in the House of Commons ; and
Sir Richard Hawkins, after his return from the Spanish
captivity, was M.P. for the borough two years, and Mayor in
1004. These claims on local remembrance appear sufficient to
entitle the worthies of the Hawkins family to some peculiar
token of regard at Plymouth, though we are not aware that any
of their descendants are now residing in the town. Theirclaim
on national regard is undeniable, and imparts to the handsome
volume before us, though not issued by a London publisher, a
degree of wide public interest that must be promptly acknow¬
ledged ; but in doing justice to Sir John Hawkins, his brother
William, and his sou Richard, who were all in the great
Channel fightof 1338, we would not disparage the performances
of Drake. It is, however, to be observed that, from 1573 until
after the defeatof the Armada. Sir John Hawkins was charged
with administrative duties similar to those of our Lords of the
Admiralty ; and that the construction and equipment of her
Majesty’s fleet, composing the most powerful part of the force
commanded by Lord Howard of Effingham, had been the work
of Sir John Hawkins, who also held, as well as Drake and
Frobisher, a Vice-Admiral’s command of one squadron in the
actual engagements. After a week spent in manceuvring and
fighting from near the Eddystone up to Calais, the reserve
force, under Lord Henry Seymour and Sir William Winter
as Admirals, joined Howard of Effingham, the Lord High
Admiral, and brought indispensable assistance. No one
commander is entitled to the main credit of the achieve¬
ment, but Hawkins deserves as much credit as any
other. The exploits of Drake, however, at other times
and on other seas and coasts, may be reputed more
brilliant than those of his contemporaries, striking as these
manifold feats of skilful seamanship and warlike prowess
were, and unsurpassed in the naval glories of any other nation.
We. should like, if there were space, to repeat in detail all that
is related in this book of the brave deeds of John and Richard
Hawkins, beforeand after the mighty conflict with the Armada;
to review also the diligent labours and prudent official manage¬
ment of John Hawkins at the Queen's dockyards, and at the
naval ports of England ; to notice their constant efforts of
local usefulness at Plymouth, and the incidents of their
domestic life. These interesting particulars will be found in
the work compiled by the lady who has the honour to bear
their name; and she further tells us of a third William
Hawkins, nephew to Sir John and consin to Sir Richard, an
indefatigable sailor and traveller in the time of James I.,
regarded by her as the true founder of our Indian Empire. He
landed at Surat, in August. 16(48, with a commission to establish
an English factory, the Portuguese being already there: he
visited the Court of the Great Mogul, the Emperor
Jebanghir, at Agra, married a Christian Armenian young
lady there, and stayed about three yenrs. Dying on the
voyage home, this William Hawkins' left a brief account
of the Mogul Court, whioh is curious reading ; but we peruse
with still greater interest that given by Richard Hawkins
of hie adventures on the coasts of Peru and Chili in
1594. The greatest of the family. Sir John Hawkins, died in
1595, at sea, off Porto Rico, having served his country forty-
three years. Of him, in this volume, we have three portraits ;
the frontispiece, a photographic reproduction of an oil-paint¬
ing, whioh is in the possession of Mr. Christopher Stuart
Hawkins, father of the author ; secondly, that of a beautiful
bust, in basso relievo on ivory, belonging to the Rev. It. D.
Hawkins, and thirdly, that of a miniature painted by Peter
Oliver, to which is attached the jewel given to the Admiral by
Queen Elizabeth, with a lock of her hair ; this miniature and
jewel are now the property of Lady Rosebery. The volume
contains other illustrations, and is bound in white, with a
broad red cross, the Royal Arms, and the initial letters “ E.R.,"
for the Queen whom these valiant Plymouth gentlemen serv, d
in her time of need so well. The late Rear-Admiral Abral am
Mills Hawkins, who died in 1857, had done good service in the
French war, and he was grandfather of the lady to whom wo
are indebted for this acceptable book.
n.r. 1S87 : A Ramble in British Columbia. By J. A. Lees
and W. J. Clntterbuck (Longmans).—It is a mild chronological
joke, but it suggests a startling promise of very remote
archa-ological information, to play with two initial letters and
last year's a.d. number, as the lively authors of this volume
do in its title-page, which presents, however, a more accept¬
able recommendation—namely, that Messrs. Lees and Clutler-
buck are the identical "Two of Them," who narrated, once
upon a time, the entertaining travels of “Three in Norway."
British Columbia, the most westerly province of the vast
Dominion of Canada, beyond the prairies and the Rocky
Mountain range, some 3500 miles from the Atlantic sea¬
ports. has of late been rendered accessible by the Canadian
Pacific Railway, and is a country of interest "unsurpassed in
North America for its grand and romantic highland scenery.
The part of it which last year was traversed, as we read,
by three English gentlemen here calling each other “ Jim,"
“Cardie," and “The Skipper,” is quite off the railway line,
being situated to the south of the Kicking Horse Pass, where
the railway, from the east, makes its entrance into British
Columbia. It is the great valley between the Rocky Mountains
and the Selkirk Mountains, containing tho sources and upper
streams of the Columbia River, which begins here by flowing
in a north-west direction, and of the Kootenay Ri ver, which
begins, not less remarkably, with a southward course; for,
when these rivers get past the Selkirk range, it is curious to
observe, each river has changed its direction to the reverse ;
and the Kootenay is there flowing towards the north, into the
lake which it forms, while the Columbia is there flowing due
south. The southerly bend of the Kootenay enters the United
States’ territory at the 49th degree of latitude, and even
approaches near to the line of the Northern Pacific Railway
on the shore of Pend d'Oreille Lake ; but the better portion of
the places described in this book are within the Canadian
Dominion. They comprise, besides the Upper Kootenay, two
of its highland tributaries, the Elk River, namely, and the
Mooyie, which joins it above the Kootenay Lake ; also, in the
opposite quarter, to the north, the upper course of the Columbia
River is followed to where it meets the view of railway
passengers on the Canadian Pacific line. These topographical
details, aided by reference to the map, are sufficient for the
reader to understand what is the subject of “ B.C. 1837.’’
Round about Few Zealand. By E. W. Payton (Chapman
and Hall).—The unique peculiarity of New Zealand in
geographical position, and in physical conditions and natural
history, not to speak of the Maori race, must always make it a
separate subject of study, entirely apart from our Australian
Colonies. In those conditions, which are eminently agreeable
and favourable to English settlers. New Zealand is", of course,
what it was ten or twenty years ago; but colonial progress is
rapidly effecting great changes in social and economic stai istics,
in railways, harbonrs. and towns, in farming and trade, and in
many affairs of public and private life. Hence it is really
useful that a new book should be published, at tolerably fre¬
quent intervals, describing tbe more recent aspects of each of
the principal British Colonies; and Mr. Payton, who passed
three or four years in wandering about New Zealand, from his
arrival in 1383, should give us serviceable information. A
large part of his volume, indeed, is occupied by descriptions of
the aqueous volcanic region ; the hot sulphuretted springs of
Ohinemutu, and the famous cascades and silica terraces of
Rotomahana. since destroyed by the Tarawera eruption ; also
the wild shores of Lake Taupo, and the interior of “the
King Country." All this has been repeatedly put before us by
other visitors and writers—for example, by Mr. Kerry Nicholls,
whose account of such matters is extremely precise ; but Mr.
Payton adds the report of an inspection of Tarawera and
Rotomahana after the eruption. We look more eagerly, how¬
ever. for something new and important concerning the cities
of Dunedin Christchurch, Wellington, and Auckland, with the
social and commercial life of which they are the centres, and
the agricultural, pastoral, and mineral resources of the colony.
It is with disappointment that we lay down the book, having
• failed to obtain from it any considerable addition to our pre¬
vious knowledge; yet there are doubtless many readers to
whom it will be interesting, and tho illustrations have some
merit.
By-Ways in Book-Land. By W. Davenport Adams (Elliot
Stock).—One of our contributors lately commented with
genial humour, and with some truth of observation, on the
decline of the ancient taste for the “Belles-Lettres,” both
prose and verse. It cannot be denied that many readers now
seem to value books for what can be got out of them, whether
knowledge of events, of people and things, or trains of
argument and fresh views, or objects of imaginative interest;
but not so much for the graceful manner and style of ex¬
pression. This difference is the same with that between the
man who eats his dinner that be may not starve or be hungry,
but may keep up and increase his strength, and the epicure
who relishes fine meat and cookery. We are more hungry,
and less dainty. Bnt there still remain among us not a few
amateurs of exquisite literature for its own sake; and this
little volume is one of the most recent, one of the neatest and
aptest, manifestations of that turn of mind. It contains
nearly thirty short essays on literary subjects, beginning with
the pleasure of using the paper-knife in cutting open the
pages of a new volume ; and there is one. too, on “ the outsides
of books." The insides, however, and the inmost characteristic
qualities, of some old favourites, especially the poets, the
dramatists, the idvllists, the wits and humourists, and the
dealers in sportive fancies, are handled with delicate critical
appreciation. There is even something yet to be said about
Kbakspeare—namely. about his patriotic love of England: and
something also of "Don Quixote”—the English reception of
that book, and certain parodies or imitations of it in English-
“ Elections in Literature," “ The Praise of Thames," “ The
Season in Song." “ The Recess in Rhyme," “ Peers and Poetry,
and “Parson Poets" arc titles of'mueh promise, which is
fulfilled by the brief chapters so designated in this pleasant
collection.
trying p
Fleet 08 Haltodwli, Yesso.
3. Port LnaareB, Corea.
2. Awomon, Japan.
1. Oterraunal Bay. Y
648
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
Dec. i, ii
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
r Von* Tito,"
Mas.' ' Katii
. v. n liard-hip Hut the place permitt
In tlv cv, nt, limc. vcr, as you shall he
CHArrEB XLI.
N CONDITIONS.
servitude endured for
n week, during which
wo were driven forth
daily with the negroes
to the hardest and
\ most intolerable toil,
the master's inten¬
tion being so to dis¬
gust us with the life
ns to make us write the most
urgent letters to our friends
at home; since, as wo told
him. two hundred guineas
hud been already paid on our
m 11 <unt (though none of the
motley was used for the
purpose), he supposed that
• hundred could easily be
rcfoiv, while those of the new
• u , ri common country luds
I ttgenio, or the enring-
ivork is sheltered from
ire made to endure
■rmitted.
xir,
. „.s disappointed und his
cruelty made of none avail.
In fact, the thing I had foreseen quickly
came to pass. When a man's mind lies in a lethargy of despair,
his body, no longer fortified by a cheerful disposition, pre¬
sently falls into any disease which is lurking in the air. Diseases
of all kinds may be likened unto wild beasts: invisible, always
on the prowl, seeking whom they may devour. The young
fall victims to some, the weak to others; drunkards and
gluttons to others : the old to others ; and the lethargic, again,
to others. It was not surprising to me, therefore, when
ltohin, coming home one evening, fell to shivering aud
shaking, chattering with his teeth, and showing every external
sign of cold, though the evening was still warm, and the sun
hud that day been more than commonly hot. Also, he turned
away from his food, und would eat nothing. Therefore, as
there was nothing we could give him. we covered him with our
rugs; and he presently fell asleep. But in the morning, when
we awoke, behold .' liobin was in a high fever: his hands and
head burning hot, his cheek flushed ri d. his eyes rolling and
his brain wandering. I went forth and culled the overseer to
come and look nt him. At first he cursed and swore 1 , saying
that the man was malingering (that is to say, pretending to be
sick, in order to nvoid work); that, if he was a negro instead
of a gentleman, a few cuts with his lash should shortly bring
him to his senses; that, for his part, he liked not this mixing
of gentlemen with negroes; amt that, finally, 1 must go ami
bring forth my sick man or take it upon myself to face the
master, who would probably drive him afield with the stick.
“Sir,” I said, “what the master may do I know not.
Murder may be done by any who are 1 wicked enough. For
my part, I am a physician, and I tell you that to make this
mim go forth to work will be murder. But indeed lie is light¬
headed. and with a thousand lashes you could not make him
understand or obey.”
Well, he grumbled, lint he followed me into the hut.
“The man hath had a sunstroke," he said. “ I wonder
that any of you have escaped. Well, we can carry him to the
sick-house, where lie will die. When a new hand is taken this
way he always dies.”
“Perhaps he will not die,” I said, “if he is properly
treated. If he is given nothing but this diet of loblollie and
salt beef, and nothing to drink but the foul water if the pond,
and no other doctor than an ignorant old negress, he will
surely die.”
“(fund Lord, mnu! ” said the fellow, staring “ Wliat the
devil dost expect in this country 1- It is the master's loss, not
mine. I lurry him b tween you to the sick-house.”
So we carried ltobiu to the sick-house.
At home we should account it a barn, being a great place
with a thatched roof, the windows open without shutter or
lattice, the door breaking away from its hinges. Within there
was a black lying on a pallet, groaning most piteously. The
poor wretch, fur something that he had done, I know i
wliat, had his flesh cut to pieces with the whip. '■
was an old negre ss mumbling and mouthing.
We laid liobin on onothcr pallet, and covered him with
» rug.
"Nmv, man,” said the overseer, “leave him there, and
come forth to your work.”
“.Nav,” I sail, “lie must not be left. 1 am a physician,
and I must stay beside him.”
“If he were your son I would not suffer you to stay with
him.”
“ Man ’ ” I cried. “ Hast thou no pity f ”
“Pity!” The fellow grinned. "Pit}'! quotha. Pity!
Is this a”place for pity! Why, if I showed any pity I should
be working la-side you in the fields. It is because I have no
pity that 1 am overseer. Look here”—he showed me his
left hand, which had been branded with a rcd-liot iron.
“This was done in Newgate seven years ago aud more.
Three years mure l have to serve. That done, 1 may begin
to show some pitv. Not before. Pity is scarce among the
drivers of Bnrbado s. As well usk the beadle for pity when
he flogs a prentice.”
“ Let me go to the master, then.”
“ Best uot; best not. Let this mail die and keep thyself
alive. The morning is the worst time for the master, because
last night’s drink is still in his head. Likely as not you will
but make the sick man's case and your own worse. I«eave him
in the sick-house, and come bock to him in the evening.”
The man spoke with some compassion in his eyes. Just
then, however, a negro boy came running from the house and
spoke to the overseer.
“ Why," he said, “ nothing could be more pat. You can
speak to the master, if you please. He is in pain, mid Madam
s uds for Dr Humphrey Chailis. (}o, Doctor. If you cure
him, you will be a lucky man. If you cannot cure him. the
Lord*have merry upon you! Whereas, if you suffer him to
die,” he added, with a grin and a whisper, “ every man on the
estate will fall down mid worship you. Let him die ! Damn
him ! Let him die !"
I followed the boy, who took me to that part of the house
which fronts the west and north. It was a mean house of
wood, low and small, considering how wealthy a man was the
master of it. on three sides, however, there was built out a kind
I’uyytn, us the Italians call it, but of wood instead of murble,
•AU RigkU Rurmd.
With him
forming a cloister or open chamber, outside the house. They
call it a verandah, and part of it they hang with mats made of
gross, so us to keep it shaded in the afternoon and evening,
when the sun is in the west. The boy brought me to this place,
pointed to a choir where the master sat, and then ran away as
quickly as lie could.
It was easy to understand why he ran away, because the
master at this moment sprang out of his chair aud began to
stamp up aud down the verandah roaring aud cursing. 11c
was clad in a white linen dressing-gown mid a great linen
nightcap tied round his head. On a small table beside him
stood a bottle of beer, newly opened, and a silver tankard.
When he saw me he began to swear at me for my deluy in
coming, though I had not lost a moment.
“ Mir,” 1 said, “ if you will cease roiling and blaspheming
I will examine into your malady. Otherwise 1 will do nothing
for you.”
“ What ? ” he cried. “ You dare to make conditions with
me, yon dog, you ! ”
“ Fair words,” I said. “ Fair words. I am your servant,
to work on your plantation as you may command. I am not
your physician, and I promise you, Mir, upon the honour of a
gentleman, and without using the Macrod Name which is so
often on your lips, that if you continue to rail at me I will
suffer you to die rather than stir a little finger in your
help.”
“Suffer the physician to examine the place,” said a
woman’s voice. “ What helps it to curse aud to swear?”
The voice came from a hammock swinging at the end of the
verandah. It was made, I observed, of a kind of coarse grass
loosely woven.
The man sat down and sulkily bade me find a remedy for
the pain which he was enduring. So I consented, and ex¬
amined his upper jaw, where I soon found >ut the cause of his
pain in a good-sizeil tumour formed over the fungs of u
grinder. Such a thing causes agony even to a person of cool
blood, but to a man whose veins are inflamed with strong
drink, the pain of it is maddening.
“ Yon have got a tumour,” I told him. “ It has been
forming for some (lays. It has now nearly, or quite, reached
its head. It began about tbe time when you were cursing and
insulting certain unfortunate gentlemen, who are, for the time,
under your power. Take it, therefore, as a Divine judgment
upon you for your cruelty and insolence.”
lie glared at me but said nothing, the hope of relief causing
him to receive this admonition with patience, if not in good
part. Besides, my finger was still upon the spot, and if I so
much as pressed gently I could cause him agony unspeakable.
Truly, the power of the physician is great.
“ The pain,” I told him, “is already grown almost intoler¬
able. But it will be much greater in a few hours unless some¬
thing is done. It is now like unto a little ball of red-hot fire
in your jaw, in an hour or two it will seem as if the whole of
your face was a burning fiery furnace , your cheek will swell
out until your left eye is closed, your tortures, which now
make you bawl, will then make you scream, you now walk
about und stamp ; you will then lie down on your back and
kick. No negro slave ever suffered half so much under your
accursed lash as you will suffer under this tumour—unless
something is done.”
“ Doctor,” it was again the woman’s voice from the
hammock, “ you have frightened him enough."
“Strong drink,” I went on, poiuting to the tankard,
“ will only make you worse. It inflames your blood raid adds
fuel to the raging fire. Unless something is done the pain
will lie followed by delirium ; that by fever, aud the fever by
death. Mir, are you prepared for death ? ”
He turned horribly pale raid gasped.
“ Do something for me!" lie said. “ Do something for me,
and that without more words ! ”
“ Nay . but 1 will first make a bargain with you. There
is in tlie sick-house a gentleman, my cousin—liobin Chailis by
name—one of the newly-arrived rebels, and your servant. He
is lying sick unto death of a sunstroke and fever caused by
your hellish cruelty in sending him out to work on the fields
with the negroes instead if putting him to light labour in the
Ingenio or elsewhere. I say, his sickness is caused by rour own
devilish barbarity Wherefore I will do nothing for you at all
do you hear r Nothing! nothing!—unless I am set free to do all
I can for him. Yea; and I must have for him such cordials and
generous diet as the place can afford, otherwise I will not stir
a finger to help you. Otherwise—endure the torments of the
damned. rave in madness and in fever. Die and go to your
own place. I will uot help you. Me that is my last word."
Upon this I really thought that the man had gone stark,
staring mad. For, at the impudence of a mere servant
(though a gentleman of far better family than his own) daring
to make conditions witli him, he became* purple in the cheeks,
and seizing his great stick which lay on the table, he began
belabouring me with all his might about the head and
shoulders. But 1 caught up a chair and used it for a shield
while he capered about, striking wildly and swearing most
horribly.
At this moment the lady who was iu the hammock
stepped out of it and walked towards us slowly, like a Queen.
She was without any doubt the most beautiful woman 1 had
ever seen. She was dressed in a kind of dressing-gown of
flowered silk, which covered her from head to foot; her
head was adorned with the most lovely glossy black ringlets ;
a heavy gold chain lay round her neck, and a chain
of gold with pearls was twined iu her hair, so that it looked
like a coronet; her fingers were covered with rings, and got I
bracelets hung upon her bare white arms: but she wore man's
shoes to protect her feet from the chigoes. Her figure was tall
and full, her face inclined to the Spanish, being full aud yet
regular, with large bluck eyes. Though I was fighting with a
madman, I could not resist the wish that I could paint her.
and I plainly perceived that she was one of that race which is
called quadroon, being most likely the daughter of a mulatto
woman und a white father. This was evident by the character
of her skin, which hud in it wliat the Italians callthe mori„/,;:a,
and by a certain dark hue under the eyes.
“ Why,” she said, speaking to the master as if he had been
a petulant school-boy, “you only make yourself worse by all
this fire and tury. Sit down, and lay aside your stick. And you,
Sir"—she addressed herself to me—“you may be a great
physician, and at home a gentleman; * but here you are a
servant, and therefore you are bound to help your muster in all
you can without first making conditions.”
“ I know too well,” 1 replied. “ He bought me as Ills
servant, but not as his physician. I will not heal him without
my fee; and my fee is that my sick cousin be attended to with
humanity.”
“ Take him away ! ” cried the master, beside himself with
rage. “Clap him in the stocks! 1st him sit there all day
loug in the sun ! He shall have nothing to eat or to drink !
In the evening he shall be flogged ! If it was the Duke of
Monmouth himself, he should be tied up and flogged ! Where
the devil are the servants? ”
A peat hulking negro came running.
“ ' ou have now,” I told him quietly, “ permitted yourself
to be inflamed with violent rage. The pain will therefore more
rapidly increase. When it becomes intolerable, you will be
glad to send for me.”
The negro dragged me away (but I made no resistance)
and led me to the courtyard, where stood the stocks and a
whipping-post. He pointed to the latter witli a horrid grin,
and then luid me fast in the former. Fortunately, he left me
my hat, otherwise the hot sun would have made an end of me.
I was, however, quite easy in my mind. 1 knew that this poor
wretch, who already suffered so horribly, would before lon»
feel in that jaw of his, as it were, a ball of fire. He would
drink, iu order to deaden the pain , but the wine would onle
niake the agony more horrible. Then he would be forced to
send for me.
This, in fact, was exactly what he did.
I sat in those ubomimiblc stocks for no more than an hour
Then Madam herself came to me, followed by the negro fellow
who had locked my heels in those two holes.
“He is now much worse,” she said, “lie is now iu
pain that cannot be endured. Canst thou truly relieve his
suffering? ”
“ Certainly I can. Bnt on conditions. My cousin will die
if he is neglected. Suffer me to minister to his needs. Give
him what I want for him and I will cure your 1 did not
know whether I might say “your liusbnnd,” so I changed
the words into—“my master. After that I will cheerfully
endure again his accursed cruelty of the fields.”
She bade the negro unlock the bar.
“ Come,” she said. “ Let us hear no more about anv
bargains. I will see to it that you are able to attend to your
cousin. Nay, there is un unfortunate young gentlewoman
here, a rebel, and a servant like yourself—for the last week she
doth nothing but weep for the misfortunes of her friends_
meaning you and your company. I will ask her to nurse the
sick man. She will desire nothing better, being a most
tender-hearted woman. And as for you, it will be easy
for yon to look after your cousin and your master nt the
same time.”
“Then, Madam,” I replied, “take me to him, and I will
speedily do all I can to relieve him.”
I found my patient in a condition of mind and body most
dangerous. I wondered that he had not already fallen into a
fit, so great was his wrath and so dreadful his pain. He rolled
his eyes; his checks were purple ; lie clenched his fists; lie
would have gnashed his teeth but for the pain in his jaws.
“ Make yourself easy,” said Madam. “ ’I'llis learned phy¬
sician will cause your pain to cease. I have talked with him
and put him into a better mind.”
The master shook his head as much as to say that a bet 1 a r
mind would hardly be arrived at without tlie assistance of the
whipping-post; but the emergency of the case prevented that
indulgence. Briefly, therefore, 1 took out my lancet and
pierced the place, which instantly relieved the pain. Then 1
placed him in bed, bled him copiously, and forbade his takiug
anything stronger than small-beer. Freedom from pain uud
exhaustion presently caused him to fall into u deep aiul
tranquil sleep. After all this was done I was anxious to
see Robin.
“ Mudam,” I said, “ I have now done all I can. He will
awake at noon, I dare say. Give him a little broth, but not
much. There is danger" of fever. You had better call me
again when lie awakes. Warn him solemnly that rage, revenge,
cursing, and beating must be all postponed until such time as
he is stronger. I go to visit my cousin in the sick-house,
where I await your commands.”
“Sir,” she said courteously, “I cannot sufficiently thank
your skill and zeal. You will find the nurse of whom I spoke
in tlie sick-house with your cousin. She took with her some
cordial, and will tell me what else you order for your patient.
I hope your cousin may recover. But, indeed”—she
stopped and sighed.
“ You would say, Madam, that it would be better for him
and for us all to die. Perlmps so. But we must not choose to
die, but rather strive to lire as more in accordance with the
Word of God.”
"The white servautahnve been hitherto the common rogues
raid thieves and sweepings of your English streets,” she said.
“Sturdy rogues are they all, who fear naught but the lush,
and have nothing of tenderness left but tender skins. They
rob and steal; they will not work, save by compulsion; they
are far worse than the negroes for laziness and drunkenness.
1 know not why they are sent out, or why tlie planters buy
them, when the" blacks do so much better serve their turn, aud
they can without reproach beat and flog the negroes, whi'c to
llog and beat the whites is by some accounted cruel.”
“All this, Madam, is doubtless true; but my friendsare uot
the sweepings of the street.”
“ No, but you are treated as if you were. It is a new thing
havinggentlemen among the servants, aud the planters are uot
yet accustomed to them. They are a masterful and a wilful
folk, the planters of Barbados; from childhood upwards they
have their own way, and brook not opposition. Y'ou have situ
into what a madness of wrath you threw the master by your
opposition. Believe me. Sir, the place is uot wholesome for
you and for your friends. The master looks to get a profit
not from your labour, but by your ransom. Sir”—she looked
me very earnestly ill the face—" if you have friends nt home—
if you have any friends at all—entreat them—command them—
immediately to send money for your ransom. It will not cost
them much. If you do not gut the money you will most
assuredly die, with the hard work and the fierce suu. All
the white servants die exc ept the very strongest and lustiest.
Whether they work in the fields, or in the gardeu, or in the
Ingenio, or in the stables, they die. They cannot endure the
hot sun and tlie hard fare. They presently catch a fever, or a
calenture, or a cramp, and so they flic. 'This young gentle¬
woman who is now with your cousin will presently fall into
melancholy and die. There is no help for her, or for you—
believe me, Sir—there is no hope for any of you but to get
your freedom.” She broke off here, and never at any other
time spoke to me again upon this subject.
In three weeks' time, indeed, we were to regain our freedom,
but not in the way Madam imagined.
Before I go on to tell of the wonderful surprise which
awaited me I must say that there was, after this day, no
more question about field-work for me. In this island,
there was, at the moment when we arrived, a great scarcity
of physicians, nay, there were none properly qualified
to call themselves physicians, though a few quacks: the
sick servants on tlie estates were attended by the
negresses, some of whom have, I confess, a wonderful
knowledge of herbs—in which respect they may he likened to
our countrywomen, who, for fevers, agues, toothache, aud the
like, are as good as any physicians in the world. It was,
therefore, speedily rumoured abroad that there was a physician
upon my master’s estate, whereupon there was immediately a
great demand for liis services, and henceforth I went daily,
with the master’s consent, to visit the sick people on the
neighbouring estates—nay. I was even called upon by his
Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor himself, Mr. Steed, to treat
him for a complaint from which lie suffered. And I not only
gave advice and medicines, but I also received my fee just as
If I bud been practising in London. But the fees went to my
'0KE8TIKB.
hear
WALTER BESANT,
and freedom.
-J
r
650
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
master, who took them nil, and offered me no better diet
than before, That, however, mattered little, been ise tvliere-
ever I went I asked for, and always received, food of a
more generous kind and a glass or two of wine, so that 1
fared well and kept my health during the short time that we
remained upon the island. I had also to thank Madam for
many a glass of Madeira, dish of choeolata, plate of fruit, and
other things not only for my patient Robin, but also for
myself, and lor another, of whom I have now to speuk.
When, therefore, the master was at length free from pain
and in a comfortable sleep, I left him, with Madam’s per¬
mission, and sought the sick-house in a most melancholy mood,
because I believed that liobiu would surely die whatever 1
should do. And I confess that, having had but little
experience of sunstroke and the kiud of fever which followeth
upon it, and having no books to consultand no medicine at band,
I knew not well what I could do for him. And the boasted
skill of the physician, one must confess, availeth little against
a disease which hath once laid hold upon a man. ’Tis better
for him so to order the lives of his patients while they are well
as to prevent disease, just as those who dwell beside an unruly
river (as 1 have seen upon the great river Rhone) build up a
high levee, or bank, over which the flood cannot pass.
In the siek-house the floor was of earth without boards;
there was no other furniture but two or three wooden pallets,
on each a coarse mattress with a rug; and all was horribly
filthy, unwashed, and foul. Beside the pallet where Robin lay
there knelt, praying, a woman with her head in her hands.
Heavens 1 there was, then, in this dark and heathenish place
one woman who still remembered her Maker!
Robin was awake. His restless eyes rolled about; bis
hands clutched uneAsily at his blanket; and he was talking.
Ahn the poor brain, disordered and wandering, carried him
back to the old village. He was at home again in imagination,
though we were so far away. Yea ; he had crossed the broad
Atlantic, and was back in fair Somerset, among the orchards
and the hills. And only to hear him talk, the tears rolled down
my cheeks.
“Alice,” he said. Alas! he thought that he was again
with the sweet companion of his youth. “ Alice; the nuts are
ripe in the woods. We will to-morrow take a basket and go
gather them. Benjamin shall not come to spoil sport. Besides,
he would want to eat. them all himself. Humphrey shall come,
and you, and I. That will be enough.”
Then his thoughts changed again. “Oh! my dear,” he
said—in a moment he had passed over ten years, and was now
with his mistress, a child no longer. “ My dear, thou hast so
sweet a face. Nowhere in the whole world is there so sweet a
face. I have always loved thy face; not a day but it has been
in my mind—always my love, my sweetheart, my soul, my
life. My dear, we will never leave the country ; we want no
grandeur of rank, and state, and town; we will always
continue here. Old age shall find us lovers still. Death can¬
not part us, oh! my dear, save for a little while—and then
sweet heaven will unite ns again to love each other for ever,
and for ever”-
“ Oh ! Robin ! Robin! Robin ! ”
I knew that voice. Oh! Heavens! was I dreaming ?
Was I, too, wandering? Were we all back in .Somerset?
For the voice was none other than the voice of Alice herself !
CHAPTER XLII.
ALICE.
“Alice ! ” I cried.
She rose from her knees and turned to meet me. Her
face was pale; her eyes were heavy and they were full of tears.
“ Alice! ”
“ I saw you when you came here, a week ago,” she said.
“Oh ! Humphrey, I saw you, and I wns ashamed to let you
know that I was here.”
“Ashamed? My dear, ashamedf But how—why—what
dost, thou here ? ”
“How could I meet Robin’s eyes after what I had done ! ”
“It was done for him, and for his mother, and for all of
us. Poor child, there is no reason, indeed, to be ashamed.”
“ And now 1 meet him and he is in a fever, and his mind
wandera; he knows me not.”
“ He is sorely stricken, Alice; I know not how the disease
may end; mind and body are sick alike. For the mind I can
do nothing; for the body I can do but little: yet with clean¬
liness and good food we may help him to mend. But tell me.
Child, in the name of Heaven, how earnest thou in this place?”
But before anything she would attend to the sick man.
And presently she brought half-a-dozen negresses, who cleaned
and swept the place, and sheets were fetched and a linen shirt,
in which we dressed our patient, with such other things as we
could devise for his eomfort. Then I bathed his head with
cold water, continually changing his bandages so as to keep
him cool: and I took some blood from him, but not much,
because he was greatly reduced by bad food and hard work.
When he was a little easier we talked. But Heavens! to
think of the villainy which had worked its will upon this poor
child ! As if it was not enough that she should be forced to
fly from a man who had so strangely betrayed her, and as if
it was not enough that she should be robbed of all her money—
bnt she must also be put on board, falsely aud treacherously,
as one, like ourselves, sentenced to ten years’ servitude on the
Plantations I For, indeed, I knew aud was quite certain that
none of the Maids of Taunton were thus sent abroad. It was
notorious, before we were sent away, that, with the exception
of Busan Blake, who died of jail-fever at Dorchester, all the
Maids were given to the Queen’s ladies, and by them suffered
to go free on the payment by their parents of thirty or forty
pounds apiece. And as for Alice, she was a stranger in the
place, and it was not known thatBhe had joined that unfortu¬
nate procession. So that if ever a man was kidnapper and
villain, that man was George Penne.
It behoves a physician to keep his mind under all circum¬
stances calm aud composed. He must not suffer himself to
be carried away by passion, by rage, hatred, or even anxiety.
Yet, i confess that my mind was clean distracted by the
discovery that Alice herself was with us, a prisoner like our¬
selves ; i was, 1 say, distracted, nor could 1 tell what to think
of this event and its consequences. For, to begin with, the
poor child was near those who would protect her. But what
kind of protection could be given by such helpless slaves?
Then was she beyond her husband’s reach , he would not, it
was quite certain, get possession of her at this vast distance.
So fur she was safe. But then the master, who looked to
muke a profit by her, as he looked to make a profit by us-
through the ransom of her friends! She had no friends to
ransom her. There was but one, the Rector, and he, was her
husbaud’s father. The time would come when the avarice of
the muster would make him do or threaten something bar¬
barous towards her. Then she had found favour with Madam,
this beautiful mulatto woman, whom Alice innocently suppe wed
to be the master’s wife. And there was the young planter,
who wished to buy her with the honourable intention of marry¬
ing her. In short, I knew not what to think or to ray, because
atone moment it seemed as if it was the most Providential
thing in the world that Alice should have been brought here,
nnd the next moment ib-scemcd as if her presence only mag-
nified our evils.
“ Nay,” she said, when I opened my mind to her, ” seeing
that the world is so large, what but a special ruling of Providence
could have brought us all to this same island, out of the whole
multitude of isles—nnd then again to this same estate out of
so many r Humphrey, your faith was wont to be stronger. I
believe—nay, 1 nm quite sure—that it was for the strengthening
and help oF all alike that this hath been ordained. First, it
enables me to nurse my poor Robin—mine, alas ! no longer!
Yet must I still love him as long as I have a heart, to beat.”
“ Love him always. Child,” I said. ” This is no sin to love
t lie companion of thy childhood, thy sweetheart, from whom
thou wnst torn by the most wicked treachery ”—but could say
no more, because the contemplation of that sweet face, now so
mournful, yet so patient, made my voice to choke and my eyes
to fill with tears. Said I not that a physician must still keep
his mind free from all emotion ?
All that day I conversed with her. We agreed that for the
present she should neither acknowledge nor conceal the truth
from Madam, upon whose good-will was now placed all our
hopes. That is to say, if Madam questioned her she was to
acknowledge that we were her former friends; but if Madam
neither suspected anything, nor asked her anything, she
should keep the matter to herself. She told me during this
day all that had happened unto her since I saw her last, when
we* marched out of Taunton. Among other things I heard of
the woman called Deb, who was now working in the cane-
fields (she was one of a company whose duty it was to weed
the canes). In the evening this woman, when the people
returned, came to the sick-house. She was a great strapping
woman, stronger than most men. She was dressed, like all the
women on the estate, in a smock and petticoat, with a thick
coif to keep off the sun, and a pair of strong shoes.
She came to help her mistress, as she fondly called Alice.
She wanted to sit up and watch the sick man, so that her
mistress might go to sleep. But Alice refused. Then this
faithful creature rolled herself up in her rug and laid herself
at the door, so that no one should go in or out without stepping
over her. And so she fell asleep.
Then we began our night-watch, and talked in whispers
sitting by the bedside of the fevered man. Presently, I forgot
the wretchedness of our condition, the place where we were,
our hopeless, helpless lot, our anxieties and our fears, in the
joy and happiness of once more conversing with my mistress.
She spoke to me after the manner of the old days, but with
more seriousness, about the marvellous workings of the Lord
among His people; and presently we began to talk of the music
which we loved to play, and how the sweet concord and
harmony of the notes lifted up the soul; and of pic tures and
painting, and Mr. Boscorel’s drawings and my own poor
attempts, and my studies in the schools of medicine, and so
forth, as if my life was, indeed, but just beginning, and,
instead of the Monmouth cap, and the canvas breeches, aud
common shirt, I was once more arrayed in velvet with a
physician’s wig and a goldheaded cane.
Lastly she prayed, entreating merciful Heaven to bestow
health of mind and enlargement of body to the sick man upon
the bed, nnd her brother, and her dear friend (meaning myself),
and to all poor sufferers for religion ; and she asked that, as it
had been permitted that she should be taken from her earthly
lover by treachery, so it might now be granted to her to lav
down her life for his, so that he might go free and she die in
his place.
Through the open window I saw the four stars which make
the constellation they call the “ Cruseroes,” being like a cross
fixed in the heavens. The night was still, and there was no
sound save the shrill noise of the cigala, which is here as shrill
as in Padua. Slave and master, bondman and free, were all
asleep save in this house, where Robin rolled his heavy head,
and murmured without ceasing, and Alice communed with h
God. Surely, surely, I thought, here was no room for doubt?
This my mistress had been brought here by the Hand of God
Himself, to be as an angel or messenger of Iiis own, for our
help and succour—haply for our spiritual help alone, seeing
that no longer was there any help from man.
(To be continued.)
NEW TALE BY Mil. RIDER HAGGARD.
The first Instalment of a New Serial Story , of absorbing
interest, entitled Cleopatra (being an Account of the
Fall and Vengeance of Harmachis, the Royal Egyptian , as
set forth by his own hand), written by H. Rider Haggard
expressly for this Paper, will be given in the Number for
Jan. 5, 1889, beginning a New Volume.
Ready December 3,
OUR CHRISTMAS NUMBER
combistikg or a
COMPLETE STORY by D. CHRISTIE MURRAY,
Entitled “ PAUL JONES’S ALIAS,"
Itlustrlted by A. FOBXSTIBR.
“TWO CHRISTMAS EYES." By MASON JACKSON.
ILLUSTRATIONS by O. D. LESLIE, R.A., A. VOREST1ER, STANLEY BERXELEY,
THREE PRESENTATION PICTURES IN COLOURS,
Printed in the Finest Style of Chromo-Lithography:
A DAUGHTER OF EYE. By L. WALLER.
A HUNTING WE WILL GO. By C. T. Garland.
CHARMING KATE. By Florence Gravier.
VERSES TO THE ILLUSTRATIONS. By JOHN LASH LATEY.
ONE SHILLING ; Inland Parcel Post, Threepence.
Ingram Brothers, 198, Strand, W.C., London.
Now Beady,
JLLUSTRATED J^ONDON ^LMANACK FOR 1889.
SIX PICTURES IN CHROMO.
ILLUSTRATED THROUGHOUT.
In Pictorial Cover.
Price ONE SHILLING; Postage, Twopence-Half|<enny.
Published at the omce of Thk Illustrated London News, lfls, Strand,
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Now Publishing,
THE CHILDREN’S ANNUAL,
W&TWmM CHRISTMAS,
CONSISTING OF A
CHILDREN’S STORY, entitled “ The Golden Horseshoes."
By HORACE LENNARD. Illustrated by GEORGE CRUIK8HANK.
Superbly Printed on Superfine Paper.
WITH A PRESENTATION PICTURE,
Entitled “RED RIDING HOOD.”
Painted by G. Hilltard Swinstsad, and accepted lor Exhibition by the
Royal Academy.
ONE SHILLING ; Inland Parcel Post, Threepence.
Ingram Brothers, 198, Strand, W.C., London.
a^.x-.Eisrr)-A.Ky fob December.
—
-rax
FESTIVAL, OCCURRRNCB8,
HISTORICAL NOTR8, BTC.
i!
"■
Rises.
sir
Sets.
II. M.
l
s
Princess of Wales born, 1844
7
45
10 34
3 52
2
£
1st Sunday in Advent
7
47
10 11
3 52
3
M
Samuel Crompton born, 1768
7
48
9 47
3 51
4 Tb
Pretender at Derby, U43
7
50
9 22
3 50
5
w
Mozart died, 179J
7
52
8 67
3 50
6
111
St. Nicholas
7 53
8 31
3 50
7
F
Marshal Ney shot, 1813
7
54
8 5
3 50
8
s
Conception of Virgin Maty
7
55
7 38
3 49
9
St
2xd Sunday in Advent
7
56
7 11
3 49
10
M
Royal Academy founded, 1708
7
57
6 44
3 49
11
'lb
St. Martin
7
58
6 16
3 49
12 ! \V
Fall of Plevna, 1877
7
59
5 48
3 50
13
'Ik
Thomas Wright, F.S.A., died, 1877
8
0
5 19
3 50
14
F
Prince Albert died, lcdl
8
1
4 60
3 50
15
s
I tank Walton died. 1683
8
2
4 21
3 50
16
3rd Sunday in Advent
8
2
3 52
3 51
17
>1
Oxford Michaelmas Term ends
8
3
3 23
3 51
18 Tb
Wesley born, 1706
8
4
2 53
3 51
19 W
Cambridge Michaelmas Term ends
8
5
2 23
3 51
20 Ht
Napoleon III. elected President,
8
5
1 54
3 52
21
F
St. Thomas. JSSSBSU
8
6
1 24
3 52
22
S
Pcrcov.il shot. 1788
8
6
0 54
3 53
23 5
4th Sunday in Advent
8
7
'H'T
3 53
24
Hugh Miller diod,i8M
8
7
0 6
3 54
25 Tb
Christmas Day
8
7
0 36
3 55
26
w
Bank Holiday. Boxing Day
8
7
1 6
3 56
27
Tk
St. John, Evangelist
8
8
1 35
28
F
Innocents' Pay
8
8
2 5
3 58
29
S
W. E. Gladstone horn, 1809
8
8
2 34
3 58
30
1st Sund. apt. Christmas
8
8
3 3
3 58
31IM
| Silvester
8
8
3 32
3 59
DURATION OF MOON LIGHT.
London
Bridge,
j Liverpool Dock.
is , | lor %r
j
n. m.
—
! 11 55
—
8 53
9 20
1 336
! 0 19
0 43
9 44
10 8
1 337
18
1 31
110 33
1 10 56
338
1 56
2 19
11 21
11 44
339
2 44
3 7
—
0 9
340
3 32
3 56
0 32
0 57
341
| 4 22
4 46
1 21
1 47
342
5 10
5 35
a in
2 35
343
6 1
6 28
3 0
3 26
1 344
6 57
7 26
j 3 53
1 4 22
, 345
7 57
8 29
1 4 51
5 22
| 346
! 9 4
9 42
5 54
6 29
| 347
10 16
10 47
1 7 7
7 41
348
11 17
111 44
8 12
8 42
349
_
0 8
9 9
i 9 33
350
0 31
0 51
9 56
10 16
351
1 1 12
1 30
1 10 37
j 10 55
| 352
1 1 49
2 7
111 14
11 32
353
| 2 23
2 41
11 48,
—
354
2 58
3 14
0 6
1 0 23
355
3 31
3 48
1 0 39
0 56
j 356
4 7
4 26
I 1 13
1 32
357
I 4 43
5 1
1 51
2 8
358
5 21
5 43
! 2 26
2 48
j 359
6 6
6 31
3 8
3 31
360
6 58
7 26
3 56
4 23
361
7 56
8 27
4 51
5 21
362
9 2
9 39
1 5 52 1
6 27
363
10 12
10 45
1 7 4
7 37
364
jll 19
11 51
8 10
8 44
365
1 —
1 0 20
| 9 161
9 45
| 366
ASTRONOMICA.L OCCURRENCES FOR DECEMBER.
The Moos is near Mercury on the morning of the 2nd. She is nenr Jupiter
on the 3rd ; she Is near Venus on the evening of the 5th ; nnd very near
Mars on the evening of the 6th. She Is near Saturn during the night hours
of the 22n<l, and morning hours of the 23rd, being to the left of the planet
the whole night. The planet will be on the meridian or due sooth at
22 minutes after 3h on the morning of the 23rd, and the Moon 21 minutes
later, and she Is near J n pi ter on the 31st. Her phases or times of change aro
New Moon on the 3rd at 6 minutes after in the morning.
First Quarter M loth „ 46 „ 6 „ „
Full Moon „ 18th „ 41 „ ll> „ „
Last Quarter „ 26th 0 „ 6
She is nearest the Earth on the 3rd, tho most distant from it on the 16th,
and nearest again on the 31st.
Mkkcuiiy rises on the 6th at Ch 4lm a.m., or fh 11m before sunrise; on
the loth at 71i 6m a.m.. or 60 minutes before the Sun rises; on tho 15th at
7h 29 a.ni.,or 33 minutes before sunrise; on the 20th at 7h 60m n.m., or
16 minutes before the Sun rises; on the 22nd at 7h 68m a.m., or 8 minutes
before sunris?. Ho sets on the 28th at 3h 34m p.m., or 21 minutes before
sunset; and on the 31st at 3h 53m p.m., or 6 minutes before the ton eeu
He is near the Moon on the 2nd ; In descending n^e on the Win , is near
Jupiter on the 17th ; at greatest distance from the Sun on tho 20th, and in
superior conjunction with the Sun on the 28th. . . on the
Venus sets on the 1st at 6h 12m p.m., on the 8th at 6h 29m pjn, on
18th at 6h 68m p.m., on the 28th at 7h 3Um p.m., and on the Slat at /U
p.m. She la near tho Moon on the 6rh.
MARS sets on the 1st at 7h 29m p.m., on the 9th at 7h 88m ^
29th at 7h 46m p.m., and on the 31st at 7h 47m p.m. Ho is at U»e leoti
distance from the Sun on the 3rd, and near the Moon on the6th.
Jupiter sets on tie 1st at 4h 16m p.m.. or 24 minutes at
the 8th at 3h 64m p.m.. or five minutes after sunset. He rises on the 8tn at
rh 54iu run., or 1 minute before snnnM; on the 18th at Th 2mi a m
37 minutes before tho sun rlsus ; on the 28th nt 6h 58m a.m„ or in
before the San rises, and on the 31»t at eh 43 m a.m., orlb lOmbolore
sunrise. He is near the Monti on the 3rd; in conjunction with the Son on
the 8th. and near the Moon main on the last day
Saturn rises on the 1st at »h 19m p.mvon the 7 th at. miWI™
the 17th nt 8h 16m p.xi. on the 37th at 7h 31m p.m„ and on the Slat at
7h 17m p.m. He Is near the Moon on the 32nd.
DEC. 1, 1888
THE ILLTTSTKATED LONDON
NEWS
655
I. MIDDLE TEMI-LE
SKETCHES IN THE TEMPLE.
Will nob the time soon arrive for the Council of Legal Education, or some newly constituted authority,
to assume the title, dignity, and powers of an English University of Law, in which the Honourable
Societies of the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple, of Lincoln’s Inn and Gray’s Inn, shall be
Colleges, possessing as they do large endowments. Governing Benchers, ample means of professional
teaching, valuable scholarships in trust, noble precincts and buildings, with claims of historical
antiquity and of past service equal to those of the Colleges of Oxford and Cambridge ? In effect,
but not in title and dignity, this University may be considered to exist and to exercise some of its
functions, though the organisation of its teaching department is actually less complete than it was
GOLDSMITH'S TOMB, TEMPLE CHUHCKYAKD.
interesting literary and personal associations, connected with the lives and the works of
many illustrious Englishmen who dwelt in their chambers, and paced their quiet courts
and pleasant gardens, or sallied forth inU Fleet-street or the Strand, on their way to Court
or to City, amidst the bustle of former generations.
It was in the reign of King Edward I_.. the religious Order of Knights Templars having
been abolished by the Pope, that their former abode was leased to the students and pro¬
fessors of the common law. who then removed from several of the “hoepitia curia,” or
hostels, previously occupied by them in Holborn. The Temple precinct, extending from
Fleet-street to the Thames, and from Whitefriars to Essex House in the Strand, had been
bestowed on the Templars by Ilenry II.. having been part of the grounds of the ancient
Royal Palace of Bridewell. The monastery of the Knights Templars, renowned for their
valour in the Crusades, the heroes of Jaffa and Jerusalem, of Gaza and Ascalon, of Tiberias,
of Acre and Mount Carmel, of Syria and F,gypt, and the Lords of Cyprus, was a splendid
residence, for the Order was immensely rich. They built the Temple Church in 1185, that
is to say. the existing Round Church, through which the quadrangular Gothic edifice, built
in 124U, is now entered. It is one of four Round Churches in England, the* others being
three or four centuries ago, wheu the students residing in the Inns received systematic instruction,
and were exercised in ** moots,” or debates of nice legal problems, while they could obtain authorised
tutors, instead of becoming, as now, the private pupils of counsel in chamber practice. We do not
know but that it may hereafter seem good to revive part of the ancient methods, and to entrust the
“ Inns of Court ” with more direct superintendence of the studies, in addition to their faculty of
admitting members at the customary “ calls to the Bar.” Leaving the propriety and expediency of
such measures to the wisest heads of that useful profession, and to the Legislature which will at any
time be inclined to give effect to their recommendations, we present a few Sketches of “ the Temple.”
or rather the two Temples, as we have done with Lincoln’s Inn and Gray's Inn, looking at them only
from a lay visitors point of view, as picturesque features of London scenery, and as places full of
CLOIBTEiUJ, INN EH TEMPLE-
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Dec. 1, 1888 -656
at Cambridge. .Vorthampton, ami Maplestead in Essex, imitat-
iug the form of that of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem. Tlio
interior is surrounded by an arcade of Early English archea,
with a aeries of heads, which have been restored. On the
paved floor arc the mail-clad effigies, not of Knights Templars,
but of “ Associates ’* of the Order, who were buried under¬
neath these tombs ; one is Geoffrey De Magnaville, Earl of
Essex, who died in 1144. and who took an active part in the
done as readily os you now take a cab in the street. Brick
Court is passed to the right, and some quaint old houses to the
left, with the entrance to the courts of the Inner Temple. The
Hall of the Middle Temple, bnilt in the early part of Queen
Elizabeth's reign, from 1562 to 1574, under the superintendence
of Mr. Edward Plowden, the Treasurer, is one of the finest
edifices of its kind. The interior, nobly proportioned, 100 ft.
long, 40 ft. wide, and 47 ft. high, has a roof of dark oak. richly
carved, and windows emblazoned with the arms of dis¬
tinguished members of this Society; it is adorned with a
beautiful screen of carved oak, erected in 1575, at the lower
end. and with Vandyke’s fine portrait of Charles I. on horse¬
back, with other portraits of seventeenth-century Kings and
Queens, and with a collection of armonr. It is interesting to
remember that Shakspearc's “Twelfth Night” was acted in
until they broke into a laugh against the basin's ___
vanished." So we have a charming idyll even among ‘ t
smoky shrubs, ’ as Dickens calls them, “ the slow vegetation of
Fountain Court," the chirping sparrows bred in Temple chinks
and crannies, the grimy old houses and the worn flagstones,
the dry and dusty channels of the law. “ Old love-letters,"
he says, “shut up in iron boxes, among heaps of family papers,
in the neighbouring offices, might have stirred and fluttered
with a moment's recollection of their ancient tender¬
ness." os Ruth met her lover there. Chaucer was a student of
the Temple ; Cowper, Charles Lamb, Thackeray, Tennyson
dwelt in its chambers : but here is a fairer present. Will the
Hon. Society of the Middle Temple allow the readers of
Dickens to set a white marble statue of sweet Ruth Pinch
at the brink of the fountain ? We do not think they will,
THE TEMPLE CHURCH.
NJ. 2, tlllKK-tOlUT, MIDDLE TEMPLE, WHERE OLIVER GOLDSMITH DIED.
civil war against King Stephen : another is snpposed to be
William Marshal. Earl of Pembroke, Protector of the Kingdom
in the minority of Henry III., with two of his sons, one of
whom defeated the Welsh Prince Llewellyn, and married tho
King's sister ; there is also the monument of Gilbert. Lord De
Ron. who died in 1245. Mnny of the monuments of eminent
lawyers have been removed from the lower part of the church
to the triforium ; ami there are some outside the church,
among which i* that of Oliver Goldsmith, who died April if,
1774. at No. 2. Brick Court, Middle Temple, where he lived iu
this hall before Queen Elizabeth on Feb. 2, 1601, when Shak-
sfieare was, no doubt, present, if he was not one of the
performers.
Beyond the Hall, to the west, arc Fountain Court and
Gnrdeti Court, and the Middle Temple Library, opened in
1861 by the Prince of Wales. The fountain has of late been
somewhat altered, but has existed nearly two hundred years,
and is a favourite with many persons of literary taste, not
only for its pleasantness and gracefulness, but also for the
frequent mention of it by esteemed authors. Iiickens, in
•* Martin Chuzzlewit." makes it the place where Tom Pinch
was accustomed to meet his sister Ruth, “ the brightest and
purest-hearted little woman in the world," and where that
though Shakspeare has been in their Hall, where the repre¬
sentative of his Viola hns spoken tho maidenly words :—
By Innocence I swear, and by my youth,
1 Imvc nuu heart, one Inborn, and one truth.
Of the Inner Temple, which is more extensivo and which
boasts grander new buildings for chambers, with a much
larger garden, and a new Hall of good architectural style,
much could be said if wo hod space to print it here.
The old Hall, used until the present century, was tho
Refectory of the Knights Templars’ Monastery ; King John
and King Henry IIL had dined in that hall. The cloisters,
destroyed by a fire in 1678, were rebuilt from a design by Sir
Christopher Wren ; upon which occasion, says Roger North, in
THE FOUNTAIN, MIDDLE TEMPL
rooms over those of Blackstone. author of the “Commentaries,"
and was often visited there by Dr. Johnson, Edmund Bnrke,
and Sir Joshua Reynolds.
The Middle Temple, to the west of the Inner Temple, is
entered, from near Temple Bar. by the Middle Temple-lane, at
the bottom of which, formerly, were the Temple Water-stairs,
to take u wherrj for conveyance ou the river, which was then
good fellow John Westlock had the good fortune to find
her lingering in a happy hour. “ Softly the whispering water
broke and fell, and roguishly the dimples twinkled and
sparkled on it* sunny face, as he stole upon her footsteps. O
foolish, panting, timid little heart!— why did she feign to be
unconscious of his coming J Merrily the fountain leaped
and danced, and the smiling dimples expandod more and more,
his “Life of Lord Keeper Guildford." the students were
reproved for neglect of the good old enstom of “ walking in
evenings there, and putting cases." We occasionally see ono
or two of those yonng gentlemen passing through the cloisters,
but have not overheard them discussing abstract questions of
law. as they were expected to do in former times; and tho
“ Moots " are now kept np only at Gray's Inn.
LOOP, BRITISH COLUMBIA.
abtist, mb. melton
,acikb house
THE SELKIBK MOUNTAIN KANGE,
SKETCHES
CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 1,
COS
CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY: BRITISH
COLUMBIA.
Our Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, in choosing' subjects for
his Sketches of the long railway lino from Montreal to Van¬
couver, nearly three thousand miles, has preferred the wild
and romantic’highlaml scenery of British Columbia to the vast
plains that extend from !Vinni|)eg to the foot of the Rocky
Mountains. One view of .Mount Stephen, the highest
summit of this range in Canadian latitudes, named from Sir
(ieorgo .Stephen. President of the Canadian Pacific Railway
Company, was presented in our last publication. Another
view, from the eastern side, is now put before our readers. The
rail way station called Stephen is .'>2‘,fb f t. above the sea-level, and
here the waters begin to flotv in two opposite directions : the
streams running eastward having to join either the Athabasca or
the Saskatchewan, and the latter finally to be discharged into
1/tke Winnipeg anti Hudson's Bay ; while those of the westward
slope meet with the Columbia River, the Fraser River, or the
Thompson River, whose issue is in the Pacific Ocean. Mount
Stephen rises sopift. above the railway.
Passing from Stephen down the tremendous ravine of the
Kicking Horse, with a gradient of 23b ft. to the mile, the
Columbia River is reached and crossed, and behind its valley
rises another jagged and formidable range, the Selkirks, which
are the second of the four mountain ranges that separate the
plains from the Pacifio Ocean. The ascent of the Selkirks is
begun by a gradually-rising line along the sides of the high
embankments which inclose the beautiful valley of the Beaver
River. The engineering to bring the line from the vale to the
heights is admirable. A bridge 1'Jiu.i ft. in length is crossed
in one place : in another, a trestle 2!»o ft. above a mighty
torrent sweeps for 7.1't ft. in a graceful carve; at every
minute the train passes over some splendid structure which
resists or overleaps the force of mountain floods and
avalanches. For miles one sees new bridges, and, in the
gulch far below them the wrecks of splintered wood and
twisted iron which show where slides of rock and ice destroyed
the line in the winter before the points of danger had been
learned. Now, huge bulwarks of rock and timber, sheds and
tunnels insure the prevention of another such mischief. The
summit reached, we see prodigious mountains rising a mile in
sheer ascent beside the track, and at Rogers we pass two lines
of snow-clad peaks, of which that on the right incloses a vast
amphitheatre whose walls rise !)nim feet above the valley, and
inclose a glacier of shining green, blue, and white, with
which none in Switzerland is to be compared in size and
beauty. Down the western slope the train runs by an
imposing system of loops, which, coiling the track about
as if it were a pile of rope, stretches nearly seven miles
to gain two miles in distance and a few hundred feet
in elevation. "The scenery now,” says a writer, "is grand
beyond the power of language to paint. One glacier forms
upon another. To our right we pass the summit, and two
miles on reach Glacier House, a beautiful Swiss chalet, in front
of which are beautiful fountains throwing up icy streams. Here,
apparently a few hundred yards away to our left, is a monster
glacier with its foot not far above the level of the road. With
a glass, n-e see mighty fissures cracking its surface. It bends
over the mountain like a falling curtain. We are told it is
a mile and a half wide, nine miles long, and utiO feet deep.
Mount Sir Donald is watching its slow descent. Far above the
snow, his peak, shaped like a diamond drill, pierces the blue
skv over (i(KKi feet above us. We have to bend our heads back
to look upon his pinnacle. They give us a half-hour to look,
and eat a first-rate lunch.''_
The Duchess of Albany has become patroness of the Sanitary
Institute.
The sale by auction of the steamer Great Eastern was con¬
cluded at New Ferry, Liverpool, on Nov. 24. The auction
occupied five days, and, generally speaking, fair prices were
obtained, the total receipts being .H.W.UUO. The vessel was
purchased by the venders for £16,IKHI.
The north transept of Salisbury Cathedral has received the
addition to its stained glass of a window from the studio of
Mr. Taylor, of Berners-street, the gift, of Mrs. Middleton, in
memory of her husband —A stained window of five lights, sur¬
mounted by a rose, has been recently placed in. the parish
church of Long Crendon, Bucks. The window is the gift of
Mr. Herbert Dodwell. and has been erected in memory of his
mother, at a cost of .CfAi.
A statue of the Queen-Empress in marble, intended to be
pi iooiI in Government House. Singapore, has just been com¬
pleted by Edward Geflowski. the well-known Polish sculptor. The
figure is above lifesize. and is the result of a commission in-
tnistcd to him by the Secretary of State for the Colonies. The
money was subscribed by the Chinese residents in Singapore,
to commemorate the Jubilee of her Majesty. The statue has
attracted many admiring visitors to the Colonial Office, where
it is now being exhibited. The Queen wears her State robes,
with the usual insignia of Royalty : and the likeness is at once
pleasing and dignified. Asslic stands with the orb in one hand
and the sceptre in the other, she conveys fully to the spectator
the idea of the Queen-Empress. Medallion portraits of the
Prince and Princess of Wales occupy the sides of the pedestal.
The trustees of the People's Palace, with the view of
spreading an interest in the question of technical education,
organised two conversaziones, the first of which was held on
Nov. 24. The programme included, besides gymnastic displays
in the gymnasium and a concert in the Queen's Hall, an exhi¬
bition in the new technical schools, which were recently built,
by the Drapers' Company. All the different departments of
tile schools were open for inspection, and the boys of the
technical day school were to be seen by visitors at work at the
bench, vice, lathe. 4cc. Experiments were also performed by
the boys in the chemical and electrical laboratories, and boys
were to be seen at work on various kinds of drawing, wood¬
carving, and modelling. Many hundreds visited the Palace on
Saturday evening, and great interest was displayed in the
various departments.
General Franklin and Mr. Somerville P. Tuck, the American
Commissioners to the Paris Exposition of ISS'.t, have issued
a special circular to American artists at home and abroad.
Applicants for space are desired to fill out the blanks
accompanying the circulars, and to return them at once
to the Commission at 1, Broadway. New York city.
Only works of art executed since 1S7H can be admitted :
and copies, even in a different medium, will not be re¬
ceived. Artists residing in the United States must have
their exhibits in New York by Fell. lb. ]ss;t. Exhibi¬
tors residing in Europe must have their exhibits at Paris
by March 2". lssn. A jury of artists will lie chosen toexatnine
and pass upon the works submitted. This jury will include,
so far as possible, representatives of the four classes of ex¬
hibitors, painters, sculptors, architects, and engravers. One
section of this jury will sit in New York, and the other in
Paris ; their decisions will he subject to revision by the Com¬
mission. The names and addresses nr the agents appointed to
receive exhibits ; u New York and Paris will be made known
hereafter.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Comrowntotfion* for tfcfe department thould be addrttted to the Che** Editor.
R T> K (81. Andrew*).—Your quMtioa shall be Answered next week. We have i
t that the double mate in main play w
had ti
fatal
. It it
Dklta.—T here *f
liuuiliiO, As sc
ich\ K ill
r IcoowintrJy a
► r in y
mted ii
r game ^
ci any problem »
... „. ... ."Indian Amateur” (Muz
seventh move. White can continue—« V tnk
I, mate. Have you not omitted something ?
Nkwuan.—N o. 1 can bo siilvod in two moves by 1. Q to R 5th (ch). No. 2 is much .
■■ Kvsstso SxwB-yMsnchc.terV-TtluilM tor the regularity uitli
attempted except, n gainst
411 »ii ask a)
warded.
isound. and is u <..v> v -—,. r .—
e treatise on the game, which will explain the
y. We stall be glad t o bear from you a*
r. but rather too ea
.—Next week.
;cived with thanks from J Pierce, J Amygdalis, and W Parsons,
t '< iic« Kt'T Solutions or Pttour.BM No. 232*1 received from HS H (Bushev), John
* Mixirar (Boulogne), J Brydcn (Wimbledon). H S B (Sbootcr’s-htll). PIMTho
Hague), UHBrooks, Charles Ethcrington, and C E P ; of No. 2327, from E J Winter
Wood, W J Cross, A A Harris iChiswick). Quidnunc iBusliey), A S (The Hague),
Herbert Taylor, !»r Y St, W K Payne, Mark Tuylor ((Irav.-send), W P Welch,
W It Hat-ton, Cuggeslial! Chess Club, J Brydcn. H K Maxted (Hoo Minstei).
J Osmond, A H Mole. VV H I> (Woburn), w R, P C, A N Tongue (Finchley i,and
James Marquis.
Co ukrot Solutions op Proulkm No. 232* received from R Wortcrs (Cnntcr-
lmrv), F. Phillips, W H Reed (Liverpool), W Von Beverhoudt. E Casella (Pari-),
Jupiter Junior. Howard A, T II Wilson (Grangi'-ovcr-Sands), Charles Woriall,
I» McCoy (Galway), John S Monrat (Boulogne). Julia Short (Exeter), « .) VeaJe,
W ft Haillcni, Dr Gustav Waltz (H ci d cl berg), W F I’ayne, E J Winter Wood,
Rev Win Held Cooper, Lieutenant-Colonel Waane (Newcastle), W H Hay ton.
Dane John. A Newman, Dawn, J Brydon J Dixon, Bernard Reynolds. II IN
Banks. Maurice R Fitzmaurice, Pakclm, J P Moon, K Louden, E H Schwann. T G
(Ware). Aliquts(Biixron), T Roberts. Dr F St. E Lucas, Start forth, J D Tucker
(Leeds).C K P, James Sage. C S, R H Brooks, W E Cartwright, W Ileitzmauu,
L Dcsangos, Martin F, J Coad, and Mra. Kelly.
Solution of Problem No. 2326.
WHITE. BLACK.
1. Q to B 4tb Any move
2 . B to Kt 8th Any move
3. Mates. -
PROBLEM No. 2330.
By W. T. Pierce.
BLACK.
White to piny, and mate in two moves.
CHESS IN SCOTLAND.
Offhand skirmish at the Dundee Chess Club between Mown
(i. B. Phaser and John Kennedy.
(Vienna Opening.)
white (Mr. P.)
1. I* to K 4th
2.0 Kt to B 3rd
3. I* to K B 4th
4. Kt to Q 5th
ic inve
BLACK (Mr. K.)
P to K 4th
Q Kt to B 3rd
P takes P
.veliy.
Us soundness, hon
able.
4. Q to R 5th (ch)
5. K to K 2nd B to Q B 4th
Black, apparently, would get a safer
■Tamo by Kt to O :.th ieh»: «. K 3rd,
(t to K 3rd ; 7. Kt to K B3rd. Vto ll4(h;
4th, P t
6. Kt to K B 3rd
7. K to Q 3rd
8. K to U 3rd
9. Q‘ takes Kt
in. K to Kt 3rd
11. V tail R 3rd
12. P to 0 B 3rd
A brief exauiinati
that the capture of
Q to B 7th (ch)
Kt to K 4th (ch)
K takes Kt
Q to Q 5th (eh)
P to Q Kt 4th
B to Q Kt 2nd
WHITE (Mr. P.)
12.
13. K to R 2nd
14. P to il 4th
15. P tokos Q B
16. Q B takes P
17. Q takes B
18 . Q to K B 3rd
19. P to Q Kt 3rd
20. P to Q R 4th
21. P to Q Kt 4th
The winn
21 .
22. P takes P
23. K to Kt 3rd
24. y
BLACK (Mr. K.)
Q to R 5th (ch)
Castles
Q B takes Kt(ch)
B to Q 3rd
B takes B
Kt to K B 3rd
P to y 3rd
Q to R 4th
P to y R 3rd
Q to Kt 3rd
P takes P
o Kt 2nd
B 5th (eta) Kto Ktsq
More chanros are afforded by inter-
25. It to R 5th Q Dikes P (ch)
26. Q takes Q Kt takes y
27. B takes P K to Kt 2nd
28. K R to Q R uq,
and wlnB.
BLINDFOLD CHESS.
One of eight games played simultaneously atthe British Chess Club on Nov. 17.
(Centre Gambit.)
WHITE BLACK
. (Mr. Blaekbnme). (Mr. Michael).
16. 0 takes R B takes y
17. R takes y B takes Kt
18 . It to y 7th B to Kt 5th
i j 19. K takes P K to B si)
.** Pnwn might have been
(Mr. Blnckhumc).
1. P to K 4th
2. P to y 4th
3. y takes P
4. Q to K 3rd
5. B to y 2nd
«. R to y 3rd
7. Kt t.i K B 3rd
H. B mkes B
9. y Kt toy 2nd
in. P to y li 3rd
(Mr. Michael).
P I** K 4th
P takes P
Kt to y B 3rd
B to Kt 5th (eh)
y to K 2nd
Kt to K B 3rd
P to y 4th
i\ takes 11 (ch)
rustles
Q to Q 3rd
12. K K to K s.j
13. Kt take? P
14. B takes Kt
15. QHtiiQsn
P t:ik-*s ]*
Kt takes Kt
B to K B 4th
It takes B
ied by R t«
20. R takes P
21. U takes R
22. P to B 3rd
23. It to B 7th
24. P to Q Kt 4th
25. R to Kt 7th
26. R to Kt 5th
27. R to B 5th
28. K to B 2nd
29. P to y U 3rd
30. B P takes P
31. K to K 3rd
32. P to R 4th,
and the game
R to K so
K takes R
B to 11 sq
B to y 2nd
K to y sq
K to K sq
K to B 2nd
K to Kt 3rd
P to Q R 4th
P takes P
P to K Kt 3rd
P to 11 4th
was drawn.
*• Vademeeuni der Komhinntinns— Praxis.*’ Leipzig, Von Adolf Roomier.—
This H a collection of 120 endings from actual play, comprising examples
from nearly all the great masters. Most of them arc familiar brilliancies,
but they are here usefully brought together, and the volume should take a
place in every chess library. Some deficiencies, of course, are inevitable ;
hut we think Mr. Mason might have been letter represented, and Mr.
Pollock's ending against Mr. Lee in Simpson's Handicap ought certainly to
have hail a place.
A new chess club has been started at Salisbury under the presidency of
Dr. Contes, which it is h*q>cd may prove attractive to players In the city
ami neighbourhood. Though the'club Is a small one it reckons among it’s
members two ox-PresMeuU of the Oxford University Chess Club. The
secretary is Mr. Woo lrow.
Another chess column Inis commenced In the pages of a new contempo¬
rary, called /n/ormution. _
Sir Algernon Borthwick. M.P., presented the prizes of the
West London Rifles at the head-quarters at Kensington, on
Nov. 24.
Mr. Samuel Pope. Q.C., Recorder of Bolton, has been elected
Treasurer of the lion. Society of the Middle Temple, in
succession to Sir Henry James, Q.C., M.P.
ASPIRATIONS.
In the early years of life the most joyous moments, perhaps, are
those spent in day-dreams of the future. A young man is full
of hopes stimulating to action. Difficulties only serve to
strengthen his resolution. He does not mean to be daunted,
scorns the word “ impossible,” and not even what Beattie calls
the “ unconquerable bar ” of poverty checks his generous
enthusiasm. “What man has done man may do” is his motto,
and there are even moments when he is not without a secret
hope that he may do more. He will build up the fortunes of
his family, paint like Turner, write poetry like Tennyson, lead
an army to victory with the swift certainty of Marlborough,
or move the world by his persuasive oratory. On the drudges
who are content to earn their daily bread, to live and love, to
die and be forgotten, the ambitions youth looks with something
like contempt. He at least is resolved not to form one of the
common herd, whose names never appear in print, save in the
list of bankrupts or, finally, among the deaths in the Time*:
Mrs. Browning, in her “ Rhapsody of Life's Progress,” hns
powerfully described the youthful enthusiasm which overrides
all obstacles, and accounts no action impossible :—
And we run with the stag, and we leap with the horse.
And we Kwlm with the flah ihrongh the broad water-course;
And we strike with the falcon and hunt with the hound.
And the joy that Is in n» flies out with a wound.
Then we act to a purpose—we spring up erect :
We will umc the wild mouths of the wilderness steeds;
We will plough up the sens in the shijw double-decked,
We will build the great cities and do the groat deeds.
Aspirations such as these are frequently lost when a young
man has to face the dull realities of life. What room is left
for them when from morning until night he has to toil at a
profession, or sit upon a high stool in a city office 1 By degrees
the bright vision fades, he learns how to run in an official
rut, and—
Custom lies upon him with a weight.
Heavy as frost, and deep almost as life.
But there are men—have we not all known them?—whom
circumstances cannot conquer; they seem urged onwards by
an irresistible force, and such men the world gazes at with
wonder, and calls “ heroes.” It is possible, of course, that this
intense vitality, which moves on to its mark with a magnificent
disregard of obstructions, may be far from praiseworthy. It
may override morality ; it may, as in the case of the First
Napoleon, prove a frightful and desolating scourge ; it may
give birth to fatal counsels, as in the case of Strafford and of
“ poor, grey, old, little Land.” With its direction for good or
evil I have nothing to do just now : what I want to point out
is, how the aspirations of a man possessed with a great purpose
will sweep him along with the strength of a strong current.
He cannot linger on his course : he must conquer or die. We
see this as strongly in men like Luther and Columbus,
like Livingstone and Gordon, as in Julius Caesar or in
Oliver Cromwell. To this spirit we owe all our great dis¬
coveries. It was this that sent Sir John Franklin to the
“ White North.” It is this which has caused Stanley to dis¬
appear—let us hope not for ever !—in the heart of Africa. To
aspirations after some far-off good, and the results they may
not live to realise, we owe the self-sacrifice of the missionary
and of the philanthropist. These men are resolved that some¬
thing shall be gained from life before life ends—some good
deeds done, some fruitful seed sown: and they feel as Hamlet
felt when he exclaimed—
What Is a man.
If his chief good and market of his time
Be but to sleep and feed ? A beast—no more.
Sure, He that, made us with such largo discourse,
Iiooking before and after, gave us not
That capability and godliko reason
To fust in us unused V
There are, it is to be feared, thousands of people who know
nothing of that capability ; who never exercise that godlike
reason. They do the day’s work with the regularity of a
machine : they eat, they sleep, they marry, they die; and, if
thinking is a proof of life, cannot be said to have lived at all.
There is no one so greatly to be pitied as the man or woman
who is without aspirations. Better to strive and fail—yes!
to strive fifty times and to fail as often—than to live without-
an aim. Then, at least, you are conscious of having done your
utmost; and if the victory is denied to you, the w holesome
strength that comes from effort will save you from fainting in
the field. But if success should come, who, in this overpayment
of delight, will grudge the toil that has won it? And defeat
itself sometimes means victory. That is what it meant when
Sir John Moore died at Corunna ; when Nelson died at Tra¬
falgar ; when Milton, in blindness and poverty, was left alone
with his high imaginings ; when Scott, in old age, with the
loss of wealth, the death of his wife, and a deadly disease to
fight against, showed, as he could never show before, the
nobility of his nature ; when Lincoln fell by the hand of au
assassin ; when Gordon, to the discredit of his country, died at
the post of duty.
There are vocations in life in which success can be secured
by sheer plodding, and without the high ambition I have
attempted to describe. Fortunes may be won without it, but
what man ever prospered in love, in the acquisition of know¬
ledge, in statesmanship, or in literature who was not goaded
onwards by his aspirations ? It is easy to descant upon the
evils of ambition, and to say with Wolsey that “ by that sin
fell the angels”; easy, too, is it to describe the blessings of
content—which are neither few nor small; but ambition may
be in the highest degree honourable, and content may, in some
cases, indicate stupidity.
Probably no man is daily conscious of the aspirations
which, in reality, mould his conduct. He is the creature of
habit, and often goes on his way without knowing it. His
feet move Btill towards the goal, though his eye may not
see it, and I suppose there are few moments in life more
delightful than the moments in which a long-cherished object
is realised. It was at Rome, in 1764, that the idea of writing
his great work entered the mind of Gibbon. “ It was,” he
writes, “on the day, or, rather, the night of June 27„ 1787,
between the hours of eleven and twelve, that I wrote the last
lines of the last page in a summer-house in my. garden.
After laying down my pen I took several turns in a here ran,
or covered walk of acacias, which commands a prospect of
the country, the lake and the mountains. The air was
temperate, the sky was serene ; the silver orb of the moon was
reflected from the waters, and all Nature was silent. I will
not dissemble the first emotion of joy on the recovery of my
freedom, and, perhaps, the establishment of my fame. But
my pride was booh humbled, and a sober melancholy was
spread over my mind by the idea that I had taken an ever¬
lasting leave of an old and agreeable companion, and that
whatsoever might be the future date of my history, the life or
the historian must be short and precarious.”
How natural was Gibbon’s joy on this fulfilment of a great
aspiration ! how natural, too, his sadness on feeling that his
vocation was gone, and that life was swiftly going! Alas .
our noblest aspirations often fail to satisfy when they are
attained, and in the very moment of victory we feel that the
best prizes earth has to bestow are not free from vanity ana
vexation of spirit I
*»*”»>»»»» r£
fess^jSli®
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
eou
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Communicating irith
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THE ILLtTSTEATED LONDON NEWS
O I! ITU Alt V.
(JKVKRAI. SIR CIIARI.KS KLMCK.
General Sir Charles Henry Hllice. G.C.It.. late Adjutant-General
to the Forces, died suddenly, at Brook House. Bury St.
Kdraunds, on Xor. I2. He was horn in IK23, the second son of
General Robert Ellice, and nephew of the Right Hon. Edward
Ellice, of Invergnrry. in the county of Inverness, M I*, for
Coventry. He was educated at Sandhurst, and he entered the
Army in ISM, became Captain in 1845, Major in 1849, Lieu¬
tenant-Colonel in lSjl. Colonel in 1 *'■ 1, Major-General in
1 -Id. Lieutenant-General in IS El. and General in ls77. He
was Colonel 1st Battalion Berkshire Regiment. IK74 to 1884 ;
and of the 1st and 2nd Battalions South Wales Borderers. IKS!
to ISS.-i. The distinguished General served with the Cold¬
stream Guards in Canada, 184<i to IS4•>; on the North-West
Frontier of India, 1855 to 1856: and in the Indian Mutiny.
1V,7 to 1 859. He commanded the troops at the defeat of the
Jhelnm mutineers in 1 S.'S7, when he was dangerously wounded,
having had his horse killed under him. For his services he
received two medals with clasps, and the decoration of C.B.
He was made K.C.B. in 1873. and G.C.B. in 1882. He com¬
manded the South-Eastern District, 18(13 to 18(18 ; was Quarter¬
master-General at head-quarters. 1871 to 187(1; and Adjutant-
General of the Forces, 187(1 to 1882. Sir Charles married, in
18(12, Louisa Caroline, elder daughter of Mr. William Henry
Lambton, of Biddick-hili, Durham, brother of John George,
first Earl of Durham.
SIR RONALD F. THOMSON.
Sir Ronald Ferguson Thomson. G.C.M.G., C.I.E., lately Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of
Persia, died at The Hall, Dulwich, on Nov. 15, aged fifty-eight.
He entered the Diplomatic service as Attache at Teheran in
1848 ; was acting Consul and in charge of mission there in
1859, attended the Persian Ambassador to England in 18(10.
Appointed Oriental Secretary at Teheran in 18112. and Secretary
of Legation in 18(13; was in attendance upon the Shah during
liia Majesty's visit to England in 1873, and was Envoy Extra¬
ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Persia
and Consul-General at Teheran from 1879 to 1888. He was
made a K.C.M.G. in 1884, G.C.M.G. in 1888, and C.I.E. in 1880.
Sir Ronald was the only son of the late Mr. David Thomson,
of Orkie, Fifeshire.
COLONEL DUNCAN, M.P.
Colonel Francis Duncan, C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., M.P. for Finsbury
(Holborn Division), died at his residence, The Common,
Woolwich, on Nov. 16. He was born in 1836, the son of the
late Mr. John Duncan, was educated at Aberdeen University
(M.A. in honours, 1855 ; Hon. D.C.L., King's College, Canada,
1861 : Hon. LL.D., Aberdeen, 1874 ; Hon. D.C.L., Durham, 1882),
entered the Royal Artillery in 1855, became Captain 1864,
Major 1874, Lieutenant-Colonel 1,981, and Colonel 1885, and
was Instructor in the School of Gunnery 1877 to 1882. He
served with distinction with the Egyptian Army 1883 to 1885
(third class Osmanieh), and in the Nile Expedition (men¬
tioned in despatches, medal, and bronze star). He represented
the Hoiborn Division in Parliament since 1885 as a Conserva¬
tive Colonel Duncan was made a C.B. in 1885.
We have also to reoord the deaths of—
Sir David William Barclay, Bart., on Nov. 23, in his 85th
year. His memoir will appear in oar next issue.
Miss Fanny Macanlay, after a few days’ illness, at Brighton,
on Nov. 10, aged eighty. She was the only surviving sister of
Thomas Babington. Lord Macaulay, the distisgnished states¬
man, orator, historian, and poet.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Aston, late 10th Bombay Native
Infantry, on Nov. 13. aged eighty-four.
The Rev. William Lyster Cartwright, M.A., Vicar of
Brockenhurst. suddenly, on Nov. 4. aged fifty-two.
Major-General Clande Maiet Ducat, late Bombay Staff
Corps. atCharmont. near Dorset, on Nov. 11, aged fifty-five.
The Yen. John Hodgson lies, M.A.. Archdeacon of Stafford,
and Canon Residentiary of Lichfield, on Nov. 13. aged sixty-one.
Captain George Bay ly, Elder Brother of Trinity House, at
8, Kempsholt-road, S.W., on Nov. 13, in his eighty-third year.
Lieutenant-Colonel Granville William Puget, late of the
34 th (the Border) Regiment, on Nov. 17, at 46, Redcliffe-sqnare.
Lientenant-Colonel Trevor Goff, on Nov. 17, at Everton
Grange, Lymington.
The Rev. George Frederick Fessey, M.A., at his residence,
5. Glenfall-terrace. Cheltenham, on Nov. 11, aged eighty-one.
He was formerly Vicar of Redditch and Rural Dean.
Mrs. Ireland, suddenly, at her residence, Sandford-place,
Cheltenham, on Nov. 18. She was the daughter of the late Sir
William Earle Welby, Bart., and widow of the late Mr. Thomas
James Ireland.
The Rev. Richard Okes, D.D., Provost of King’s College,
Cambridge, at the Provost’s Lodge, on Nov. 25, in his ninety-
first year. The deceased gentleman, who graduated in Classics
in 1822, was appointed Provost of King’s in 1850. A year
later he served the office of Vice-Chancellor.
Maria Lady Mansel, on Nov. 18, at her residence, Wrotham
Heath House. Kent, aged eighty-one. She was the widow of
Sir John Bell William Mansel, Bart., of Wrotham Heath. Kent,
and Masteilo. Carmarthenshire, and sister of the late Sir Henry
Dymoke, of Scrivelsby. Hereditary Champion of England.
Major-General John Mitchell, late Royal Marines, at The
Mount, Totnes, near Devon, on Nov. 9. in his eightieth year.
He entered the Army in 1827, and attained the rank of Major-
General in 1864. He served with his regiment in the Crimean
War of 1855, and also at the surrender of Kinbonrn (medal
with clasp and Turkish medal).
Mr. John William Jameson, at his residence, Ardmore,
Booterstown, in the county of Dublin, on Nov. 7, aged forty-
two. He was the eldest son of Mr. James Jameson, of Delvin
Lodge, Balbriggan. in the county of Dublin, and Glencormack,
in the county of Wicklow, by Lucy, his wife, daughter of Mr.
William Cairnes. of Stameen. in the county of Meath.
Mr. David Souter-Robertson, of Lawhead. in the county of
Lanark, of Wbitehill, in the county of Linlithgow, and of
Cookstone, in the county of Forfar, on Nov. 10, aged eighty-
six. He was educated at Edinburgh, and was a Justice of the
Peace for Lanarkshire. Buteshire, Forfarshire, and Linlithgow¬
shire, and a Deputy-Lieutenant for the two former counties.
Mr. William Maccall, who died Nov. 19. at Bexley Heath,
aged seventy-six. was author of “The Elements of Indi¬
vidualism.” and other treatises of religions philosophy, and of
many works, especially in modern literary biography and
criticism, treating of eminent French. German, and Italian
writers. He was a personal friend of Carlyle.
The Rev. Peter Edward Boissier, M.A., recently, at Cliffon,
near Bristol, in the ninety-eighth year of his age. He took his
Bachelor’s degree at Christ Church, Oxford, in 1812, when he
obtained a third class in the then newly-founded Classical
Honour Schools, his name appearing side by side with those of
the late Lords Bathurst, De La Warr, and Ellenborongh, and
the late Mr. Justice Coleridge. From 1835 down to 1859 Mr.
Boissier held the incumbency of St. Peter's, Malvern Wells, of
which he was also the founder at a time when the establish¬
ment of new district churches was neither common nor easy.
Captain John Ward, R.N., on Nov. 12, at Round Oak.
Greenham, Newbury. He served in the Baltic in command of
H.M.S. gnn-boat Hind, and in the Pembroke on the Hatwich
station. He married, in 1853, Annie Hnskisson, daughter of
Sir Roger Therry, a Judge of the Supreme Court of Sydney,
New South Wales.
Major Purcell O'Gorman, who represented Waterford city
in Parliament tip to 1879, at his residence, Springfield, in the
county of Kilkenny, on Nov. 24, after a short illness. The
gallant Major, whose gigantic figure and marked individuality
made him a notable person in the House of Commons, was in
his seventieth year. He previously served in the 90th Light
Infantry, and gained distinction during the Crimean Campaign.
Major-General Charles Elphinstone Rennie, late Essex
Regiment (44th). at The Barons, Twickenham, suddenly, on
Nov. II, in his forty-ninth year. He entered the Army in
1858, and became Major-General (honorary) in 1885. He
served in the campaign of 1860 in the north of China,
including the action of Sinho, and the storm and capture of
the Takn Forts (medal with clasp).
Lady Vere Catlierina Louisa Cameron, at 22, Eccleston-
square, on Nov. 15, aged eighty-five. She was the third
daughter of the Hon. George Vere Hobart, by Janet, his second
wife, daughter of Colonel Alexander Maclean, and was half-
sister of the fifth, and sixth Earls of Buckinghamshire. Her
Ladyship married, in 1832. Mr. Donald Cameron of Lochiel,
but was left a widow in 1859.
Colonel William Henry Charles Wellesley, eldest surviving
son of the Hon. and Rev. Gerald Valerian Wellesley, D.D., by
Emily Mary, his wife, eldest daughter of Charles, first Earl
Cadogan, and nephew of Arthur, the first and great Duke of
Wellington, Iv.G., recently, aged seventy-five. His services in
the Army extended over fifty years, of which twenty-sevenyears
were spent in active service in the Crimea and in India.
Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Henry Manningham Boiler,
commanding second battalion Rifle Brigade at Woolwich, on
Nov. 9. aged forty-nine. He wns the youngest son of Sir
Edward Manningham Buller, first Baronet of Dilhorne,
Staffordshire (brother of John, first Lord Chnrston), by Mary
Anne his wife, daughter and heiress of Major-General Coote
Manningham.entered the Army in 1855,and became Lieutenant-
Colonel in 1885. He served in the Znlu War of 1879, and also
served under Sir Evelyn Wood in the Boer War of 1881. He
was three times mentioned in despatches and received a medal
with clasp. _
The Lord Mayor presided on Nov. 22 at the annual dis¬
tribution of prizes at the Birkbeck Institute. The Earl of
Northbrook, president of the institution, presented the prizes.
“Benson’s Bond-street Novelties” is the title of a unique
little book jnst issued by Mr. Benson, of Old Bond-street. All
wishing to have a souvenir of the season should write for a
copy of this little book, which is issued gratis.
Mr. A. Goring Thomas will publish before Christmas,
through Messrs. J. B. Cramer and Co., an albnm of twelve
new English songs—ten solos and two duets—each separately
dedicated to a well-known singer. The words throughout are
by Mr. Harold Boulton, co-editor of “ Songs of the North."
PIESSE & LUBIN
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662
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Fashions in hair-dressing are changing. The fringe is no
longer trfie great featnre of the coiffure. Indeed, it has to n
considerable extent departed altogether, only a few stray curly
rings of tresses falling along the top of the forehead, jnst to
soften the effect. Eren this is frequently dispensed with; women
with intellectual foreheads, and who do not mind risking
looking a little severe, turn the hair straight up, not straining
it off the forehead, but prettily rolling it over a pad just above
the roots. Many faces are best suited by a style, whether of
hair-dressing or of head-covering, whioh goes nearly straight
up above the face ; a slope rising by degrees, like a small
hillock from the brow to the middle of the head, is
rarelv becoming. In trying that style of turning up the hair,
therefore, it should be borne in mind that the front roll should
not be set too far back on the head. After drawing the front
hair back over the pad, the end of that hair and the back hair
twisted together can be arranged in a few coils, or turned
over pads to make rolls, on the top of the head; or for a young
woman with plenty of hair it can be combed backwards and
dressed a la Catogan. For this, all the hair is plaited in one
thick loose coil, theend of which is turned up once against the top
part of the plait, so that it reaches the nape of the neck, where
the two portions of the plait are seon- 3d together, either by a
proper slide of tortoiseshell or of jet or of steel, or else by a tie
of narrow ribbon, or a bow of velvet. The latter must be black
for outdoor wear, bub may be white or coloured for evening dress.
For an “ Empire” evening gown, there is a distinctive sort
of coiffure : a few curls fall on the forehead, the hair is thence
drawn flat to the extreme top point or back of the crown, and
there is formed into a large doable bow, or close, high cluster
of loops. A flat bandeau of gold, or of velvet with a diamond
star on it, can then be laid across the head ; or a tiara may
be worn ; or a string of pearls may be twisted along the base
of the bow of hair, or a small half-wreath of flowers can be
placed in the same situation.
Hair-dressing and head-gear have always a natural relation.
These new fashions in coiffures are all particularly suited to
the new styles of chapeaux. Hats and bonnets both have
flat crowns, so that there is small room within them for the
top twists and frizzles of the style of doing the hair that is
departing. Bnt while the crowns of the newest bonnets rest
almost flat on the head, the brims are high and open, and the
front roll of hair looks well beneath them. The Catogan is
particularly suitable for the broad-brimmed hate with the
crowns covered with feathers that are now most fashionable.
The Empire evening gowns are specially fitted for the dis¬
play of fine brocades, and accordingly there is a good supply
of those beautiful fabrics in the market. The short bodice,
with the broad sash, placing the waist only a few inches below
the arm-pits, and the perfectly straight petticoat descending
thence to the ground, demands an exceptionally rich and hand¬
some material, without which the style looks “ skimpy.”
There is an interesting exhibition of brocades now open at
3, Bruton-street, from which it appears that English manu¬
facturers are making a most commendable effort to meet
the demand in this direction. The gallery contains specimens of
antique brocades, some being actually in the form of dresses.
One has a white ground dotted over with baskets of many-
coloured flowers, and this is made up as a sacque, and trimmed
round the bottom with a narrow ruche of pink silk, all faded
and frayed and ancient-looking, while the rich brocade itself
looks quite fresh still. Side by side with these old fabrics
there are specimens of modern productions, a large proportion of
which are made inSpitalfields. One of these is an exquisite silver
brocade, very much like that worn by the Princess of \\ ales
at the Jubilee service ; and there are others so full of colour
without glare that Burne-Jones might paiut from them. The
texture is firm and solid—what one might call important —and
yet soft; and altogether, the Spitalfields firm which has manu¬
factured these fine fabrics deserves to succeed.
There is a peculiar beauty, a softness and harmony, in the
old specimens, produced partly by mere efflux of time, toning
and mellowing tints, but partly also by the costly character
of the material. This is an age when cheapness is glorified.
But fine silks can never be low-priced : and cheap ones can,
therefore, never be fine. It is to be hoped that the revival of
the beautiful brocade patterns and styles of a hundred years
ago will not be checked by the springing into existence of
vulgar printed imitations. Certainly, anyone who wants an
Empire gown should be prepared to pay a proper price for a
fabric suitable for the style. The Empress Josephine, it is
recorded, was most extravagant in dress : no wonder, when
there were such temptations as old brocades in her day !
For ball dresses there are many new thin materials. Plain
nets are superseded by striped ones, some of the stripes being
lacelike, and others with a rather coarse-barred pattern. Net,
black or white, dotted all oyer with coloured chenille, makes
an effective dress with a satin bodice of the same tint as the
spots. The fashion of having a silk or satin bodice with a
thin and airy confection in the way of skirt is still in full
vogue, and I learn that at the recent county ball at Sand¬
ringham this style was almost universally adopted by the
younger women. Flowers are very much used on ball skirts,
trails being carried across the fronts, and epaulettes or
shoulder-straps are formed of the same kind of blossoms.
Charity is women’s special province, and, according to their
meins, most of them strive to occupy it. The pupils of the
Scientific Dress-Cutting Association have formed a Dorcas
Society amongst themselves for the benefit of the Children’s
Hospital, and from fifty to a hundred young ladies give two
hours of an evening once a week, after taking their dress¬
making lessons, to manufacturing simple and useful little
garments with that end in view. Miss Grace Hawthorne’s
matinees of “ The Love that Kills ” all this week have been for
the benefit of Mrs. Jay’s halfpenny dinners in the East-End ;
and a portion of the profits of the highly-successful evening
production “ Hands Across the Sea ” have been given by the
generous manageress to the same object. Mrs. Jay has been
a model of economy in her dinner scheme, as she has provided
over 40,000 dinners at a cost of considerably less than a penny
each, though it exceeded the halfpenny charged to the diners,
who were mostly very poor children.
The Local Government Board should call in Mrs. Jay's assist¬
ance, as it appears that the gentlemen of that body have come
signally to grief over a cooking recipe for which they have
made themselves responsible. According to the Shields Daily
Nevys, that masterful central bureau has issued to the
guardians the following recipe for workhouse soup -.—Quantity
of each ingredient for a gallon: beef, 16 oz.; bones, 24 oz. ;
barley, 8oz.; split peas, 8 oz.; oatmeal, 8oz. j onions, 8oz.;
carrots, 16 oz. The guardians are under the impression that
they are bound to follow this recipe without
but the result of doing so is to produce “ a masJ<5^t^nB
consistence as dense as the department. It is a con- ^
glomerate the only aim of which appears to be that, if anoihor
‘ work’us boy ’ falls into the copper, he may stick on the sur¬
face.” Such errors are sure occasionally to occnr with an
exclusively masculine management of what are really dome alio
affairs. Paid female officials should help in the administration
of State charity, as unpaid workers of that sex do in so much
private charity. Florence Fenwick-Milleh.
The Mercers’ Company have given a donation of 100 guineas
to the Vauxhall Park committee.
The Lord Mayor and Sheriffs and a distinguished company
were entertained on Nov. 26 at dinner in the Saddlers’ Hall,
Cheapside, by the Company of Plumbers.
A terrible storm visited the whole of the Atlantic seaboard
on Nov. 25, blocking railway and telegraphic communications,
and causing great damage by land and sea.
Mr. Joseph Bowles, stationer, of George-street, Mansion
House, has been unanimously elected as the new representative
in the Court of Common Council of the ward of Walbrook, in
the place of Mr. Samuel Ward, who has become disqualified.
The Duchess of Sutherland died on Nov. 26 at Stafford
House. The deceased lady, Anne, Countess of Cromartie in
her own right, and only child of the late Mr. John Hay
Mackenzie, was married to the Duke of Sutherland in 1849. A
memoir of her Grace will appear in onr next issue.
At the meeting of the Royal Botanic Society on Nov. 24, it
was stated by the Secretary that, owing to the nnusual warmth
during the month (nearly five degrees above the mean for
the last seven years), several of our early spring flowers, such
as primroses and cowslips, were in bloom in the gardens.
The first ordinary general meeting of the Sanitary Institute
was held on Nov. 22, Sir Douglas Galton, K.C.B., F.R.S., in the
chair. The council reported the successful commencement of
the institute, nearly 500 members and associates had been
enrolled, and the institute had before it a large field of useful
work. The Duke of Northumberland was elected as president
of the institute, and Inspector-General R. Lawson, LL.D.. was
chosen treasurer.
The Birmingham Cattle and Poultry Show, which holds its
fortieth annual show on Deo. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6, has received
the largest entry of cattle on record. '1 he Herefords particu¬
larly furnish a grand display, and in this section will be found
the strongest class, numerically, in the whole show. Short¬
horns and Devons are well up to the average, and the classes
for Scots and crosses, owing to the improved classification, are
well patronised by feeders from the North. With the excep-
. tion of Shropshires, there is not a strong display of sheep :
but some extraordinary pens of lambs are entered, both for the
butchers’ prizes and the society’s. A large and excellent entry
of pigs of all sorts is secured. The show of poultry is again
on a very large scale, there being 250 game cocks and over one
hundred pens of turkeys. There is an excellent entry from
the Royal farms at Windsor and Sandringham, and also excel¬
lent competition for the butchers’ prizes, which in the cuttle
are almost the strongest class.
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18 NEW BOND SIW.
NOVELTIES IN JEWELLERY.
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A GOOD FUR-LINED OVERCOAT
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BrssjWSf!
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THE TESTIMONY OF THE NIGHTINGALE THE LILY AND THE ROSE
A Special Preparation fory e Complexion:
H s ufed and recommended bye
Mifirefs Adelina Patti , Mif-
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Y e Soape is marvellous for improving
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ICSTINONuu J-ROM - V , ■
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w.-seo the "Tm
D T
J. COLLIS BROWNE'S
U.ORODYNE.-Tlic night Hon. Earl Russoll conmni.
o the College of Physicians and J. T. Davenport that
iceivtxl information m the effect that the only rein, dy
T)R J. COLLIS BROWNES
* 7 CHr.ORODYNK.—Extntrt from the "Medical Times,"
Jan. 13, 1806:—“ Is prescribed by scores of orthodox pracii-
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D R. J. COLLIS BROW
CHI.ORODYNE is the best and most certain re
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D*
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. T. T. DAVENPORT, 23, Great
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pETER
ROBINSON, Oxford-at.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. I, 1888
664
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated Aug. 11, 1886) of John Joseph Jones, J.P.,
D.L., late of Abberley Hall, Stoarport, Worcester who died on
Aug. 6, at Carlsbad, was proved on Nov. 21 by William Jones
and James Jones, the brothers and executors, the valne of the
personal estate in the United Kingdom amounting to upwards
of £247,000. The testator devise9 his estates at Oldham,
Lancashire, to his eldest son, with remainder to his other sons,
in seniority, with remainder to his brother William. He
bequeaths *2000 and his household furniture, carriages and
horses, to his wife, Mrs. Sarah Amelia Jones, and, during her
life or widowhood, the use of his plate, jewels, paintings, and
articles of virth, and an annuity of £5000 ; on her remarriage
the said annuity is to be reduced to £1000, and on her death
the jewels, plate, Ac., are to be sold, and the proceeds given to
his nieces, the daughters of his brothers William and James :
and £ 10,000 to his brother James. The residue of his real and
personal estate he leaves to his children ; bnt in default of
children to his brothers William and Janies, in equal shares.
The will (dated Oct. 17, 1887) of the Right Hon. Sir Henry
Singer Keating, P.C., LL.D., formerly M.P. for Reading, and a
Judge of the Queen's Bench, late of No. 11, Prince's-gardens,
Kensington, who died on Oct. 1 at St. Leonards, was proved on
Nov. 9 by Henry Sheehy Keating, the son and sole executor,
the value of the personal estate being sworn to exceed £84,000.
The testator bequeaths £ 1500 to his niece Agnes Keating ;
£1000 to his niece Geraldine Keating; £500 to bis cousin,
Rear-Admiral 3Iorgan Singer; £100 each to his godson
Egerton Phillimorc, the Hon. Hugh Gough, and his cousins
William Keating, Henry Keating, and Kathleen Thornhill ;
and legacies to servants. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves to his son, Henry Sheehy, absolutely.
The will (dated March 13, 1870), with three codicils (dated
Nov. ft, 1881 ; March 12, 1884 ; and Sept. 6, 1886), of
Mr. Charles Octavius Swinnerton Morgan, J.P., D.L., F.R.S.,
and M.P. for Monmouthshire from 1840 to 1874, late of The
Friars, Newport, Monmouthshire, who died on Aug. ft last, was
proved on Nov. 14 By Henry Salisbury Milman, the nephew,
and Sir George Ferdinand Radzivil Walker. Bart., the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £08,000.
The testator bequeaths £2000 to Radzivil Walker; £1500 to
Ivor Walker; £1000 each to Clarence, Devereux, Charles,
Roland, and Charles Evelyn Walker; £1000 to General
Gustavos Milman ; £500 each to Henry Salusbury Milman,
Colonel Everard Milman. Colonel George Milman, and Angela
and Jemima Milman ; £200 each to Hugh Owen. Colonel John
Owen, William Owen, and Angelina Owen ; £300 to liis niece,
the Countess of Hereford ; £750 to Sir George Walker ; £200
to the Newport Corporation for the support of a Free Library
or a School of Arts and Science ; £100 each to the Newport
Infirmary and the Llandaff Church Extension Fund ; and all
his shares and interest in the Monmouth Railway and Canal
Company, upon trust, for his niece, Lady Walker, for life, and
then to her son, Radzivil Walker. He charges all his interest
in the Tredegar Wharf Company with the payment of
annuities of £250 each to Henry Salusbury Milman, General
Gustavus Milman, Colonel Everard Milman, and Angela and
Jemima Milman ; and £150 each to Hugh Owen, Colonel John
Owen, William Owen, Angelina Owen, and Sir George Walker,
for life, then to his wife. Lady Walker, and on her death to
their son, Ferdinand Walker. He gives all his wonderful
collection of watches, clocks, dials, Papal and other large
rings, Chamberlain's keys, and china to the British Museum ;
and legacies and specific gifts to his relatives, pie residue of
his property he leaves to his nephew, Henry Salnsbnry Milman.
The Scotch Confirmation, under the seal of the Commissanot
of the county of Edinburgh, of the trust disposition and settle¬
ment (dated April 12, 1884) of John Millar, Lord CraighiU,
J.P., one of the Senators of the College of Justice, late of No. 3,
Ainslie-place, Edinburgh, who died on Sept. 22, granted to
Robert Lee, James Arthur Crichton, John Hepburn Millar (the
son), and Elizabeth Constance Millar (the daughter), the
executors nominate, was rescaled in London on Nov. 1A the
value of the personal estate in England and Scotland exceeding
£55,000. t
The will (dated July 5,1878), with a codicil (dated July 20,
1882). of Mr. John Moss Lawrence, late of No. 3<, Belsize-
nvenue, who died on Oct. 19, was proved on Nov. 20 by Mrs
Emily Lawrence, the widow, and Laurie Asher Lawrence and
Arthur Moss Lawrence, the sons, the executors, the value of
the personal estate amounting to upwards of £o 1,000. Iho
testator bequeaths £900, his house, with the furniture and
contents, and an annuity of £1800 to his wife ; £50 each to
the Board of Guardians for the Relief of Jewish Poor and the
Jews’ Hospital and Orphan Asylum (Norwood) ; and nineteen
guineas each to the Metropolitan Free Hospital, the Jews
Blind Asylum, the London Hospital, King’s College Hospital,
the Jews’ Aged Needy Society, the Association for the Oral
Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb, the Jews’ Deaf and Dumb
Home, the New Hospital for Women (Marylebone-road), and
to the Synagogue at which he is a seatholder at the time of
his death. The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves
between his children.
The will (dated Dec. 8, 1880). with two codicils (dated
Nov. 4, 1884. and May 5, 1885). of Mrs. Elizabeth Moulton,
la to of Kingston House, Bradford, Wilts, who died on June 11,
was proved on Nov. 17 by Horatio Moulton and John Moulton,
the sons and executors, the value of the personal estate
amounting to upwards of £43,000. The testatrix bequeaths
£5000, upon trust, for her daughter, Mrs. Catherine Denham,
for life, and then to her children : £1000 each to her grand¬
daughters, Susan and Clara Moulton, Kate Elizabeth Rnle,
and Henrietta Knnhardt; specific gifts of jewels to relatives ;
and legacies to servants. The residue of her property she
leaves between her sons, Horatio and John Moulton.
The will (dated Aug. 9, 1879) of Miss Emma Carpue, late
of No. 8 a, Manchester-sqaare, who died on Aug. 3, was proved
on Nov. 14 by Sharon Grote Turner, the surviving executor,
the value of the personal estate exceeding £40,000. The
testatrix leaves all her property to her sisters Anna Augusta
and Sophia, or to the survivor of them ; bnt in the event of
both of them predeceasing her, which appears to have hap¬
pened, then she bequeaths £6500 to St. George's Hospital, at
which her father, Joseph Constantine Carpue, was a pupil;
certain stocks and shares to the Rev. Thomas Barge and Miss
Barge; £1000 each to Mary and Emily Turner, and her house,
No. 8A, Manchester-square, with the furniture and contents ;
and £500 to her executor, Mr. Tamer. The residue of her
property she leaves in equal shares between the following
charities—viz., the Margate Sea-Bathing Infirmary, the Royal
Free Hospital (Gray’s-inn-road), the Shipwrecked Fishermen
and Mariners' Benevolent Society, the Society for the Relief of
Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, the Chnrch Missionary
Society, the London City Mission, and the British and Foreign
Bible Society.
The will (dated Jnne 1, 1885) of Miss Caroline Webber,
late of Sparrow Herne, Bnshey, Herts, who died on Sept. 8,
was proved on Nov. 15 by Robert Webber Monro, Robert Bryan
Webber, and Reginald Herbert Blyth, the executors, the value
of the personal estate exceeding £25,000. The testatrix
bequeaths certain stocks, upon trust, for the children of her
brother Henry and Lucy, his wife ; and, subject thereto, she
leaves all her property, upon trust, for her sister, Laura
Webber, for life, and, on her decease, the residue is to follow
the same trusts as are contained in the will of her late brother,
George. _
A JOURNEY TO THE ATLAS MOUNTAINS.
In the absence of General R. Strachey, president of the Royal
Geographical Society, General Sir C. P. Beauchamp Walker
occupied the chair on Nov. 26 at a well-attended meeting bold
in the theatre of the London University, Burlington-gardens.
The paper read was by Mr. Joseph Thomson, mid was de¬
scriptive of a journey made to the Atlas Mountains in Southern
Morocco in the early part of the present year. Except for the
explorations of Sir Joseph Hooker and his companion, Mr. Ball,
little was known of the geographical features and geological
structure of the Atlas, all attempts made hitherto to break
down the barrier of Moorish fanaticism, snspicion, and official
obstruction having met with very slight success. It was
with a wide field for his exploring instincts that Mr. Thomson,
accompanied by Mr. Harold Crichton-Browne, started from
England last Match on his voyage of discovery. Almost from
the outset the travellers experienced the same difficulties and dis¬
couragements that had befallen their predecessors in the way of
official obstruction and suspicion, their progress being continu¬
ally barred. Other troubles, from treacherousservantsand guides,
were severely felt,and it was not until May 7 that the little party
of five men left Mogador and plunged straight into the interior.
Demnat was reached after an arduous journey, and their first
explorations of the mountains took place there, without the
knowledge of the Kaid. At Demnat Mr. Thomson had the good
fortune to find a reliable Jewish interpreter, with whose assist¬
ance the party succeeded in reaching the district of the Tetula,
in the very heart of the Atlas range. Here the explorers
reached the summit of the Tizi-n-Teluet, a height of nearly
9000 ft., commanding a magnificent view. They looked in
vain, however, for the Auti-Atlas. After further explor¬
ations in this district, Mr. Thomson and his companions
were placed in confinement by the Kaid of Glauwa.
Escaping after some days, the little party met even worse
dangers in the shape of a body of armed mountaineers, who
came very near to terminating the expedition by shooting Mr.
Thomson and his followers. Obliged to retrace their steps,
the explorers went towards Amsmiz, and succeeded in getting
away to the mountains without further opposition. In this
neighbourhood many valuable explorations were made, but
again an unfriendly Kaid prevented full snccess from
crowning the travellers’ efforts. Many exciting adventures
befel him in his further explorations, but in the end Mr.
Thomson succeeded in reaching his destination and climbing
the highest peak of the range, 12,500 ft. above the sea.
Ultimately Mr. Thomson managed to penetrate as far as the
most westerly extension of the Atlas range, and returned to
England, having, in the face of enormous difficulties, suc¬
ceeded in still further elucidating, the geographical features
of a range of mountains second to none in Europe or Africa in
length and average elevation.—A cordial vote of thanks was
accorded to Mr. Thomson for his valuable paper.
njr ACTURiwa
GOLDSMITHS’ & SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY,
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FiM Diamond Horse-Shoe and Crop Bracelet, in Case, £13 10a. iftc world.
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SAPPHIRES from Ceylon,
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JJOVELTIES—A succession
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n ASH PRICE S.— The
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A PPROBATION. — Selected
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COUNTRY CUSTOMERS
V “' ii:tv*' t)ir< m’ltIi ! hi- iikjns, the advan¬
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pjOLONIAL AND FOREIGN
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Whore the selection Is left to the lirui,
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TESTIMONIALS. -The
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0LD JEWELLERY, Dia-
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TVTEDALS.—Awarded Seven
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(CATALOGUE, containing
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COTTAO E
With
HEARTS’ EASE. By VIOLET FAIRFIELD.
“ All effr.Mne In11 ]!{*'’* 1 '.'i* * o
JOHN JptlNsMEAD and" ICONS’
It ,:t i V: 'T:o N ki "T' it' T K N .‘ - N rK '’lAXo-,
THE ARGOSY.
'■ xnn nrnr nv k.h n.-,<■,
i liM^/jKKVKLTAX.
*' h |ii \!t*!rit\.in. H *' r,,ar,es w - Woml, F.Rfl
k ^nns^Ms^itS^ Mr
!*. HTSMANI) to wife.
I A SNOWDRIFT.
. V./, \ \ J ' 7, DI amoniis.
«”!»' .‘^fI, , ' KS ST «Sfi*. By Mr... Henry
__ l< >> k\ ami Son. «. New niirlirnttun-gtrert. w.
M A c M « a ^ i ni;
rrtRssv. n, n..i li',',,,.
c.Ci'.'I.^.S'^-niER IS MADE. By at
VS'ft, r B > "• ».ek,it
stxnn.iiiu.l.'.TTi Jl > ‘'C.irg,. tuiniil.nr).
'Nil KM. I. <\n. Bv H i; Keene
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nai e iniended my last h-Icut ions «li " |, i,”,,, " ,i:r “
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ilrtat Wr.ri rn ....' ItyF*.’ |V<J " y-'-i
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FREDERICK SPENCER,
gTOCK and SHARE DEALER,
N°- 133 ’ EENCHURCH-STREET, LONDON,
T “IVE HAD Kt -
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rn I F Fvr:'r? XK ,U N,m>: " riiifk
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H'-ary id i t-.I*'.V' , ,n V I '>• Hl :; " , 1 I|,,C li inlni’r.
. ' , •y ,l 'I" wr *
W. Hi so >m'c Gardner, Hugh
-•wM-d. Stanley J. Wcyiran,
'■^Hirr.and R. Owen Allsopp.
d Co., London.
I *be
elienis hate done rviuaikaldj ttril lofnJjV.w mi'i/ H '' V
ill'-nSj't?” hrrn ‘Wcilimrly f
M AXY ^
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public
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the Office
C I M OUT E.
and 2n!).
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Class 2o »nmean, n,,, t 4. !! 1 • ( bi«s .. in guineas,
Ainerican Organs, i.v ri, r I** , ( Ihw m.o iruinenii.
loo gmnea«. N.n -Tim _. rU ' < r !- from 4) guineas frt
meat, E.c. lEeMiiiisheu na Vem»/. < ’ n ' k ’ 1,,_ 1 '‘»» l 'ury-i«, c :
C^™ A « .iiRMfJit ^PMAN-8
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H R 0 N C H I T IS AND ASTHMA
1 I ’!> MimiiK. M.D A ’
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__Kle'eil", B,"l,o„.,». ;
1 HE t, RUJ , [ANT IIAIR : Wh . v >t Falls OIT
uAn^/WS,!®
.I..S.".^E,er, 1 ,i 1 , l y,|„MB 1 |n.,.si ,,l c ■ ...li’-- s,-,
i
ERRORS OF H 0 M (E O P A T H Y.
I Lond on : (,. Him., 151. Westminster Rndire-road. j
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throat fro.7birs r ^l?.n^V7-\U , rv)^L: ,, VA‘iry f*T all eon,
SPECIAL ADVANTAGES'''of '"DEALING
'• , ‘7.!!'».<l» n '"’. »•« e linllicr, elienls l,y Irnnsin i in»
r business with n
2. I do not
.butter retnedy in the whole world forali
,', r 11 ." U " I,I<!S Oinn KEATINK S LOZENlJE.S-i' nv
: :: Z \ w:l ***i , 'crexceed theanmiint < i,
iirnSh hCr ° 18 “ ul "" il •>’ "■eai,m„„i „f ilinr
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S - VlrilUVnimin!';?^ 1 ' 1 ,,nCC! '' ln ' 1 i'emediiilclynire
& I i*l>en riiecul&tive necnuul, from ] jicr eeiit r , „,.,.
T HAVE issuetl a very carefully comniled
bo r !<■:,«,1 ■„ f.irward n e, ft™""- 1 *>“«
•£»b Commands fmn stock
|S ISS! '
A't ■■ X 7 *n ’
* 10 ° ■, Elliem .,
FREDERICK SPENCER,
gTOCK and SHARE DEALER,
NJO. 155. FENCHURCH-ST., LONDON EC
wire address—- e.xcei.si ; s.-London! ' '
I
606
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 1, 1888
The Marqt;
THE SILENT MEMBER.
s of Salisbury's campaign in the heart of Mid-
conrteous occupant of that office as to the Queensland dif-
licultT Lord Knutaford, in replying, admitted that, owing
o objections on the part of Queensland, Sir Henry Blake
would not proceed now to the colony as Governor. But the
Secretary for the Colonies compensated Sir Henry Blake to the
host of his ability by passing a warm enlogium on
his hi<rh character, and upon his services as Governor of
Newfoundland—a cordial tribute which the Earl of Derby
emphatically indorsed. Their Lordships then gave themselves
up to legislation, and passed through committee the Irish
Municipal Funds Bill and the Parliamentary Oaths Bill, which
was accepted by the Primate in an admirable speech, in the
coarse of which he parenthetically alluded to the deep anxiety
irenerallv felt as to the condition of Mr. John Bright.
Mr. \V. H. Smith, in the Lower Honse, has had to fight the
Home-Rule party step by step over the Irish Land Purchase
Bill. Mr. Parnell, cool and incisive as ever, opened tire on
the Twenty-second of November against the measure. The
wan-faced and fair-bearded Home-Rule Leader, it is true.
agreed with the principle of the Bill, but reiterated the claim
that arrears should be dealt with Lord Randolph Churchill,
in a manner of speaking, ran with the hare and hunted with
the hounds, for the noble Lord gained the cheers of the Irish
members whilst condemning the Bill with faint praise, and
saved his Party-oonsistency by voting for it on the plea that it
was “only a little one." Mr. Goschen half promised that
arrears would be grappled with by the Ministry. In the
division, the Government majority was redneed to 75.
Mr. Balfour had sufficiently recovered from his cold to
resume his seat on the Treasury bench, on Monday the
Twenty-sixth of November, when a regrettable circumstance
happened in the lobby. An over-zealons member of the
Irish constabulary, Jeremiah Sullivan, appears to have had
the audacity to penetrate to this sanctum to serve Mr. David
Sheehy, the member for South Gal way, with a writ '1 he breach
of decorum was at once resented by Mr. Sheehy, who re-entered
the House, and rose from the Home-Rnle benches to protest
against the strange proceeding. Not only Mr. Bradlaugh, but
also Lord Randolph Churchill’s stalwart henchman. Mr.
Hanburv. energetically supported the hon. member in his re¬
monstrance. Mr. Balfour deplored the occurrence, but his
explanations did not allay the excitement. Mr. Courtney left
the chair in Committee on the Irish Land-Purchase Bill; and
the Speaker was recalled, at the suggestion of Mr. John Morley.
And the ruffled feelings of the House were eventually calmed
by the appointment of a Committee of Inquiry into the case,
at the instigation of Mr. Smith. “ Surtont, point de z&le ! ” is
not unlikely to be Mr. Balfour’s admonition to those
responsible for the contretemps.
The Marquis of Hartington will welcome the return of Mr.
Joseph Chamberlain to his side—if the happy bridegroom be so
unwise as to forsake honeymoon delights for the turmoil of
politics. Lord Hartlngton’s steadfast clinging to his corner
seat on the front Opposition bench when he is in full sym¬
pathy with the Government still subjects him to reproaches
from the Home Rulers. Ere he returned to Hawarden Mr.
Gladstone himself indulged in a jibe at the expense of his
former distinguished colleague; and during the Sheehy con¬
troversy Mr. Labouchere followed his leader’s example with
characteristic readiness and sangfroid. Happily, that ** hard-
headedness ” which Mr. Bright commended in him steels the
noble Lord in the performance of his uncongenial part.
MARRIAGE.
On Nov. 21. at the Cathedral, Lincoln, by the Lord Bishop of the ’ Jlocese,
assisted by the Very Rev. the Dean and the Rev. C. C. Ellison, uncle of the
bride, Michael Stocks, only son of Major Stocks, of Wood hall, Norfolk,
Upper Shlbclen Hall, Yorkshire, and 26, Kutland-gate, to Charlotte Amelia,
elder daughter of Colonel Ellison, of Boultham HaU. Lincoln, and
23, Queen's-gate.
DEATH.
On Nov. IS, at Marseilles, Alice, wife of Patrick Henderson, her Majesty’s
Consul at Cadi*.
The charge for the insertion of Births, Marriages, and Deaths
is Five Shi!lings.
LOCK, and C O.’S
BR1AL PUBLICATTON& .
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ENTIRELY NEW AND REVISED EDITION OF
M RS. BRETON’S HOUSEHOLD
MANAGEMENT. Completing the 4»fith Thousand.
Pri c 7* fid.,strongly bound; or in Sixpenny Monthly Parts
(Part I. now ready). Greatly extended and enlarged, recom¬
put'd throughout and improved in every way. _
THE PRINCIPAL NEW FEATURE* IN THE
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MENT include—
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1 NK W KN111; a V INi;^.
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MANAGEMENT includes
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M 1
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contains
MILA BE ETON'S BOOK OF HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT.
The* New and Greatly Improved Edition of this,
r |’HE BEST COOKERYBOOK in the WORLD,
Domestic Economy and Modern Cookery, and comprises about
SEVENTEEN HUNDRED PAGES.
THOUSANDS OF RECIPES AND INSTRUCTIONS.
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THE NEW AND GREATLY IMPROVED EDITION OF
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MANAGEMENT, in addition to giving Thousands of
ery 7uW r :..::"“"
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ivecipes for every km
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PURE
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BEST a™
GOES FARTHEST.
EASILY DIGESTED.—TCASE INSTANTLY.
LANCET.-' Delicate aroma.”—" PURE and unmixed.”
BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. — “ It is admirable.” —
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HEALTH . —" PURITY is beyond question.”
“ONCE USED, ALWAYS USED.”
r YCEUM T H E A T R E.—Sole Lessee,
■Li Mr. HENRY IRVING.
Mr. RICHARD MANSFIELD.
TO-NIGHT at 8.4' PRINCE KARL. Last Night of Mr.
Richard Mansfield's .‘*n*on at the Lyceum Theatre. Pre¬
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GLOBE
DECEMBER I. 8, 4, 0, and fl.
THE LARGEST SHOW OF FAT CATTLE EVER HELD II
BIRMINGHAM,
The GREAT SHOW takes place in BINGLEY HALL.
Admission: This Day (Saturday). Dec.], log.; on Mondny,
5s.; oh Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, is.
For Excursion Trains see the Companies’ bills.
^MITHFIBLD CLUB CATTLE SHOW,
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[ q'HE NINETY-FIRST ANNUAL SHOW
| oZ Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, ImplomMkte, Roots, Mond'j,
C. J. VAN HOTJTEN
WEESP, HOLLAND.
of' Chlldr.n, &c., with Legal Mrnmnimta,
tnt of other useful Infoimatiou counccied
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MRS. BKETON’S HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT.
IN SIXPENNY MONTHLY PARTS.
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THROUGH THE LONG NIGHT. Br Mrs. E. LYNN
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HUGH * ERRING TON. By GERTRUDE FORDE,
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SKA-SHOllK t Third Edition. With Notes and au Appendix
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> A R I
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L AUSANNE—Hotel Gibbon, View of Lake
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Gibbon wrote his Decline and Fall of the Homan Empire,
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electric light, hot and cold bathe, &c. Cuisine of the highest
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NOTICE.
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M and 27, COCKSP V It-STREKT, CHARING4 ROSS, &W.,
Twenty Doors westwards from his former house m
Charing-cross.
OUTLINE OF EDWARD STANFORD'S BUSINESS .
| London—Majis.
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T^Uecollection. as
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In the finest Linen. 6s. fid., 7s. fid., us. fid.
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670
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OUR NOTE BOOK
RY JAMES PATN.
for Lola Montez, Dr. Okes wm credited with these appropriate
A very interesting speenlntion has been raised by a writer in
Lippincott'i Magazine as to whether, upon the whole, Criticism
has been of adrantage to Literature, and even (I write it with
fear and trembling, and a sense of blasphemy) whether it is
really of any value at all. Indeed, it is at the latter conclusion
that this audacious being has apparently arrived, though ho
was once a critic himself. The spectacle can only be paralleled
by that of a divine divesting himself of his “orders,” and
becoming not only a layman but an antagonist of Holy Writ.
The collection he has mode of the judgments (sentences of
death in fact) passed by the “ hebdomadal (and other) con-
ferrers of immortality ” upon Carlyle, Wordsworth, Shelley,
Dickens, Tennyson, and many more great names in literature,
sounds to modern cars, it must be confessed, exceedingly ludi¬
crous. TheconSdence with which they were uttered—ns though
no Court of Appeal existed—and the pompousness of their stylo
immensely heighten their humour. Instead of killing Keats as
the Quarterly was fabled to do, it ought, ns it now strikes us,
to have tiokled his sense of fun; but then wo arc regarding
the matter from a different standpoint and at a greater dis¬
tance off than ho was, and he was not, as now, standing on a
pinnacle. He was certainly annoyed by it. as Byron was by
the barbs of the Edinburgh. Even in the last generation wc
find Thackeray irritated by the bolts of the “Thunderer,” and
even writing to the editor of a magazine to know why the
deuce he didn't take that notice of his works which their
merits demanded. To us it seems amazing that the “ We's ”
should have had such power. The question pot by the writer
in Lippinrott is. “ Did they exercise it for good l" and he
answers it, as I have said, in the negative.
A light and graceful hand in the Daily Mews has contro¬
verted this opinion, or, at all events, has very happily
instanced the advantages which have flowed to authors—
notably, to Tennyson, from what that poet terms “ thf
indolent reviewer.” It would be hard if the flail of criticism
has not occasionally thrashed out the corn to some purpose •
and a triumph for homoeopathy, indeed, if its “chaff” only
evoked chaff. But the matter must be looked at all round, and
especially with regard to the motives of criticism. Has its
object, on the whole, been to improve, or merely to exalt
itself at the expense of the author, or even to give him pain ?
The fond mother, the poet tells us, “ only to be kind," takes
her offspring on her knee and “gives him several slaps
behind." It hurts her (as the schoolmasters falsely aver of
their punishments) more than it hurts him. Docs anybody
believe it harts the critic 7 The vast majority of reviews of
hooks, I am afraid, have been written to make an attractive—
i.e., Blushing—article; the writers have practised vivisection,
not in the interests of science, but in their own ; the public
has discovered it, and that is why much of their power has
departed from them. It is also a great deal easier to detect
blemishes than beauties ; a critic at once kindly and acute is
one of the noblest works of Providenoe—but rather rare; his
praise is termed by his fellow-labourers in the vineyard, “ log¬
rolling ” ; they mistake the grape for the walnut, tree, and
think it is the bettor for beating. For myself, it would be
ingratitude indeed did I not acknowledge the generosity of
critics ; I have been treated by the whole fraternity (with oik
or two base exceptions) as well (almost) os I deserve ; but,
speaking generally, I think they are less inclined to look for
the rising sun of genius than for the spots in it.
Tliis was certainly the case in old times. A friend of min?,
who is probably the best authority on such subjects in Eng¬
land, had, for a certain reason (besides his sins, which arc
insignificant), to rend through the whole quarterly literature
of the century. He fonnd it very dry and very bitter. More¬
over, what should please the modern reviewer (and I love to
please him), he told me that, with the exception of certain
writers, such as most of ns are acquainted with, the authors of
these lucubrations wrote such stuff as would not be accepted
now by any periodical which has a reputation to lose. I have
no doubt of the truth of his statement; but it seems odd
enough that those dead-and-gonc critics should be pronounced
so worthless, whereas, as we arc so constantly told by their
descendants of to-day, our dead-and-gone authors should be
the only ones worth reading.
“The sort of critic I most detest," wrote one who is now
beyond the rc&oh of criticism, “ is not the malignant one, who,
ns a natural child of Satan, does his father's behests in a
dutiful and hereditary way ; but the one who calls himself my
friend, and is compelled by high principle and his professional
duty to write of my work (‘with great personal unwilling-
ness') something unpleasant. Why on earth (save that he
wants his blood-money) should it be necessary for him, since
he cannot speak of it civilly, to speak of itatall 7 It is possible,
of course, that an individual may be so built up of wisdom
and justice that it is impossible for him to keep silence even to
oblige a friend ; but this presupposes on angel, and I have
generally found that the only association with principle and
duty that this sort of person ever had in his life is the pretext
they thus afford him for writing an offensive review of his
friend."
What a host of friends, if he followed the advice of Dr.
Johnson— “to makorriends of young men when wc ourselves
grow old”—must (ho venerable Provost of King's College
havo left behind him! To die at ninety-one is to have had
two lives J though one indeed far better worth the living than
tho other, When I knew him, I was a small boy at Eton, and
he the master of the Lower School. He was a very kindly
man. though with an appearance of great dignity, and had a
great reputation for epigram. When the King of Bavaria had to
vacate his tbron-, partly in coneequenoc of his tender regard
Thus spoke Bavaria's classic Xing,
When forced to cut and run •
“ Pack lip mv trunks, and take my place,
o I am done,"
The Doctor's admiration for Greek was each that he was
reported to express himself in that language on occasions
that did not seem to demand it, and to deprecate the custom of
throwing stones as “ lithobaUizing.” My brother had been
his pupil, and on my first arrival at Eton, though he was not my
tutor, he was so good as to ask me to breakfast. Burns’s
feelings on being invited to “dinner with a lord” were nothing
to mine on the reception of this invitation. I would have
given all my pocket-money for the term to have evaded so
great an honour. I went, of course, nevertheless; and though
very much suppressed, did justice to a very excellent enter¬
tainment. If a boy can't eat he must be in a bad way
indeed. Even of a love-sick one it is recorded—
Seared Ik. of course, my heart; but unsubdued
e and shall be my appetite for food.
When the repast wa9 over, however, I felt the necessity of
relaxing the mind, and it being a fine sunshiny morning, took
my seat at my window, and with mirror in hand, proceeded to
dazzle tho various passengers that crossed the bridge from
Windsor, immediately opposite. One very portly one gave me
great amusement, and not until, shading his eyes with his hand,
I perceived him coming straight to my “dame’s” house, did I
dream of danger. I was always very near-sighted, and only when
he came quite close did I recognise my host of the morning,
Dr. Okes. Was ever modest youth placed in so undesirable a
position ? I draw a veil over what ensued, simply because I
don’t remember it; I waaso desperately frightened. “ O lola ! ”
I said to myself, and knew no more. Perhaps the good Doctor
saw that I had received punishment enough, but at all events
I was not punished except by that terrible interview. What
was also very kind of him, I thought: he never asked me to
breakfast again. This escapade happened nearly half a
century ago, since which I have never dazzled anybody
(doubtless on account of it), but I shall always entertain a
tender feeling for Dr. Richard Okes.
I always thought that one of the great advantages of the
chessboard as compared with the card-table was that in the
former case money was never staked upon the result of the
contest. The interest of the game was such, I was told, that
there was no necessity to increase it by the prospect of
pecuniary aggrandisement; and, indeed, there was a sorb of
divinity supposed to hedge the game—as it does the King
himself at it, who can’t be held in check—which puts such
vulgar and debasing considerations out of the question. But,
if the Pall Mall Gazette is to be believed, we shall have to get
rid of this illusion. In Russia, it says, there is a lady whose
father having lost his fortune by gambling at chess has
devoted herself to getting it back again by the same means,
and succeeded. She did not play for a shilling a game, like
the gentlemen of old at “ Simpson’s.” but for stakes that were
worth winning Moreover, she has found “a ma v e’ with
similar proclivities, and husband and wife are ready to play
anybody for what they like. What is very satisfactory, there
can be no possibility of unfairness, for chess can be only
played “ on the square.”
The Conversations of the Great Duke with Lord Stanhope,
to which the world has been so tardily permitted to listen, are
admirable reading. Without quite endorsing the Laureate’s
view of our national hero—that no record that has leapt to
light has been to his disadvantage—he has stood the Bhocks of
time far better than is customary with our departed great
onc9 ; much better, for instance, than his rival Nelson. His
opinions may havo been wbat are now called “ narrow,” but
there was nothing small about himself. Brief and curt as he
was by speech and letter, there was invariably matter in what
he said or wrote ; and, above all, he was always natural and
himself. He detested humbug, and expressed himself with a
frankness that, compared with the diplomatic utterances of
those with whom he mingled, must have been most refreshing.
What a trial it must have been to him when his contemptible
Monarch, half out of “ what he called his mind,” used to ask
his corroboration of his sacred person having been actually in
danger at Waterloo. (“ Was it not so, Arthur ? ” “ I have
often heard your Majesty say eo.”) The late Lord Clarendon used
to relate a charming story of his first interview with the
Duke, which I do not remember to have seen in print. It
was when the Liberals were in power and Clarendon in office.
As the youngest member of the Ministry, he was selected to
inform his Grace of the determination they had come to of
giving up the body of Napoleon to the French, and he wrote to
request an interview. “ F. M. the Duke, &c.,” wrote in his usual
style, and named an hour at which he would receive him at
Apsley House. He was ushered into a little room with nothing
but two chairs in it, and as the clock struck the Duke entered,
nodded, and took one of them. Clarendon explained to him
that, considering the association of his Grace with Napoleon,
tho Ministry had thought it only right to inform him of what
they proposed to do, and expressed his hope that the French
would appreciate the courtesy of the act. “ They won’t.” said
the Dnke ; “ they will only think you are afraid of them ; ai d.
in the words of my late honoured friend the Duke of Rich¬
mond, I don’t care ‘ two tivopenny damns ’ if they do. Good
morning ! ” If he had spoken for an hour he could not havo
expressed himself more clearly ; but what to my mind is most
noteworthy—supposing his opinion of the French of that date
to be correct—was his contempt for a policy of conciliation
when nothing could come of it. Oar modern system is to
attempt to conciliate everybody, bat more especially those who
bully and bluster, under the mistaken idea that wc are thereby
making friends._
What a rage there is for “ good short stories ” ! Tho prices
that are given for them (chiefly by the Trans-Atlantic press,
however) is just now unexampled. I see it generally stated
DEC. 8, 1888
that our storytellers must bo “coining money” even at a
greater rate than usual (which is almost one-fifth of the speed
of any other profession). Tho coin is, indeed, mode quickly
euongh, but, from the nature of things, the gain is transitory.
It is only reasonable that the commodity required should fetch
a high price, for—unless in the chance instance of a writer having
a “ plot ” in his mind which will suit a short narrative, and
not a long one—ho has generally to sacrifice to its composition
material which, with, proper treatment, would make a novel.
Ibis is thccliiof objection, from the novelist’s point of view, to
a short story Moreover, it requires characters—with no space to
spread themselves in—and emotions, and “situations,” and
catastrophes, all in a nutshell. The labour is that of miniature
painting, which, whatever is pain for it, can hardly be re¬
munerative. And when it is done it is done for. After
appearing iu the magazine^ or newspaper, there is no publica¬
tion for the short story in volume form, save in the company of
a score of similar productions, and when it is so produced tlio
book is not remunerative. The libraries do not look with
favour npon such collections of short stories. This is curious,
when wc hear so many people expressing their preference for
short stories over long oneB ; but so it is, and this is “ the long
and short” of the whole question.
THE MORTON LECTURE AT THE ROYAL
COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND.
Two .years ago, a gentleman well known in connection with
the philanthropic work of this metropolis, Mr. J. T. Morton,
offered to provide funds for the institution of a Lectureship on
cancer and cancerous diseases in the Roj’al College of Surgeons.
The offer was accepted and Sir James Paget was requested to
deliver the first lecture last year This he published and
dedicated to Mr. Morton “with sincere respect for liis bene¬
volence and generosity ; and expressed the hope which he
believed the founder entertained, that this lectureship might
lead co some practical utility, perhaps oven to the finding of a
method for the prevention or the cure of these diseases.” 'J he
second annual lecture on this important subject was delivered
on Thu rsday, Nov. 21), in the theatre of the col lege, by Sir .Spencer
Wells, who commenced his lecture by remarking that no body
of men conld be more anxious to assist in the attainment
of the philanthropic desire of Mr. Morton than the members
of the Royal College of Surgeons, and no one of those whom ho
had the honour of addressing needed to be reminded of the
almost overwhelming importance of tho subject, cancerous
diseases being as heartrending to the surgeon as they were
mysterious and terrible to the public. An additional reason
for urging the importance of the study at the present moment
is found in the fact that, notwithstanding the great advance
of sanitary science, and the prolongation of the average length
of human life—in spite of the shortening of the duration and
the lowering of the mortality of some diseases, the prevention
almost the stamping out) of others—cancerous diseases, so far
rom being less prevalent or less fatal, are increasing among us.
The increase in the number of deaths from cancer at the present
time, and has been for many years past, is far greater than the
proportional increase of population. The Registrar-General’s
report bears otit this statement in every particular. Carefully
recorded statistics show thatthe numbenof deaths from cancer in
England increased from 7245 in 18(il to 17,113 in 1887. In
Scotland and Ireland tho proportional increase was almost
equally great; in the former, with a smaller population than
the latter, there were some 200 moro deaths from cancer, tho
mortality reaching tho highest percentage in Edinburgh.
Singularly enough, and contrary to a widespread belief, there was
seen to be a higher death-rate among males than among females.
The fact that these diseases destroy their victims during the
moat active and useful periods of life surely adds to the
greater importance of studying their causes. When we learn
more of the history of cancer, more of its invasion into the
human frame, Ac., then we may hope to be able to avoid or
prevent, perhaps, even cure the disease. It is, then, observed
Sir Spencer, “ for surgeons to consider their duty as surgeons in
rolation to cancerous diseases in general, whether they could
be checked, their surgical or medical treatment improved, and so
forth.” He concluded his very practical discourse by pointing out
the danger of inadequate, unnecessary, and heroic-measures, and
compared the results obtained by so-called remedies of a secret
character with the more solid work achieved by scientific
surgeons. The Presidenfc-of tho College, Mr. Savory, occupied
the chair, and he was welljsupported by Sir James Paget, Sir
W. MacCormac. Sir Joseph Fay re r, Mr. Bryant, Mr. Hulke,
Mr. Hutchinson. Mr. Willett, Mr. Sibley, Mr. Jabcz Hogg. Mr.
Heath. Mr. Sidney Jones, Mr. Doran, and a very appreciating
and numerous body of the members of the college.
The Mercers’ Company have given one hundred guineas to
tho Augmentation Fund of the Clergy Pensions Institution,
Mowbray House.
The Marquis of Hnntly opened an exhibition of painting
and statuary in Aberdeen on Dec. 3, and, in an address on
Scotch painters and their patrons, referred to the origin and
progress of pictorial art in .Scotland. His Lordship claimed
that a meeting in Edinburgh in 1720 of some seventeen artists
and amateurs laid the foundation-stone of a Scotch school of
painting, that meeting being the first systematic effort for the
furtherance of art., and as such was entitled to be considered
the precursor of the Royal Scottish Academy.
The inaugural meeting of the Arts Congress, which lias
been held in Liverpool, took place on Monday, Dec. 3 Sir
James Picton presiding over a brilliant assemblage. Sir
Frederick Leighton, the president, gave an eloquent address on
the needs and aim? of the congress, speaking of the necessity
of art for tho national greatness and of the want of cultivation
among the English people as a rule, pointing out how much
could be effected *by such a congress in the interchange of
ideas to remedy existing deficiencies. The various sections of
the congress began their sittings next morning.
Accompanied by the Lady Mayoress, the Sheriffs and Under-
Sheriffs of London and Middlesex, and many other distinguished
visitors, the Lord Mayor presided on Dec. 1 at the annual
distribution of prizes to the City of London Rifle Volunteer
Brigade hold at the Crystal Palace. The proceedings were
opened by Colonel Lord E. Pelhara-Clinton, iu command ot
the brigade, who referred to the patriotic intention of the
Lord Mayor to raise, if possible, a fund of £100,000 to
thoroughly equip the metropolitan Volunteers. The prizes
were presented by the Lady Mnyoress, the principal recipients
lieing Private Grigga (best shot in the brigade) and Major
Earl Waldegrave.—A conference of commanding Volunteer
officers took place at the Mansion House on the 3rd for too
purpose of discussing means to perfect the equipment oi
Volunteers, so that they may bo ready for service at tfcc
briefest notice. J**
DEC. 8, I8S8
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS 671
THE COURT.
The Queen and the Empress Frederick and several members of
the Royal family travelled from Windsor to town on Nov. 29,
and paid a series of visits. The Empress Frederick, Princesses
Sophie and Margaret of Prussia, and Prince Christian visited
Mr. Boehm’s studio at Fulham, in order to inspect the model
for the bust of the Emperor Frederick, which is to be sent to
Windsor Castle. The bust represents tho late Emperor as he
appeared at the Jubilee last year. On arriving at Paddington
the Queen proceeded to Kensington Palace, and visited Princess
Louise, where her Majesty was joined by the Empress Frederick.
The Queen, the Empress, and Princess Beatrice likewise
visited Mrs. Thnrston, who had been head nnrse to the Royal
farailv for many years. Their Majesties afterwards visited
the Duchess of Cambridge at St. James's Palace, and
returned to Windsor Castle at half - past seven o’clock.
Her Imperial Majesty, accompanied by Princess Beatrice,
visited the Royal Tapestry Works on the 30th, Prince and
Princess Henry of Baltenberg. accompanied by Princesses
Victoria, Sophie, and Margaret of Prussia, were present at a
special service, held in the evening, at Westminster Abbey, at
which “ The Messiah " was performed. Count and Countess
Karolyi arrived at the castle, and had the honour of being
received by the Queen and the Empress Frederick. Princess
Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, with Prince Albert of
Schleswig-Holstein, visited her Majesty and the Empress
Frederick. Baron Reischach bad the honour of dining with
the Queen, the Empress, and the Royal family. The Queen
drove out on Saturday afternoon, Dec. 1.accompanied by Princess
Beatrice and Princesses Soph ie and Mnrgaretof Prussia. Princess
Louise and the Marquis of Lome, K.T., arrived at Windsor
Castle. Earl and Countess Sydney and the Bishop of Ripon also
arrived, and had the honour of dining with the Queen and the
Royal family. The Dnke and Duchess de Sermoneta arrived
at Windsor Castle in the afternoon, and had the honour of
being received by the Empress Frederick. The Duchess of
Manchester was also received by the Empress Frederick, and
afterwards by the Queen. The Queen and the Empress, with
the Royal family and the members of the Royal household,
attended Divine service in the private chapel at Windsor on
Sunday morning, the 2nd. The Bishop of Ripon, assisted by
the Dean of Windsor, officiated -, and the Bishop of Ripon
preached. The Queen drove out in the afternooD, accom¬
panied by Princess Louise (Marchioness of Lome). Earl and
Count. iss Sydney, the Bishop of Ripon, and Count Seckendorif
had the honour of dining with her Majesty and the Royal
family. Prineess Louise (Marehioness of Lome), Earl and
Countess Sydney, and the Bishop of Ripon. who have been
on a visit to the Queen, left Windsor for London on the 3rd.
The Queen went out with the Empress Frederick and Princess
Beatrice. The Due de Nemours and the Due d’Aumale visited
her Majesty and remained to luncheon. The Queen drove out
in the afternoon accompanied by Princess Beatrice and
Princess Margaret of Prussia. Prince and Princess Christian
of Schleswig-Holstein, with Princesses Victoria and Louise of
Schleswig-Holstein, dined with her Majesty. The Queen went
out on the 4th with Princess Beatrice anil Princesses Sophie
and Margaret of Prussia. Her Majesty conferred the honour
of knighthood upon Mr. Peter Henry Edlin. Q.O.. Assistant
Judge, Middlesex Sessions, and Mr. Polydore De Keyser, late
Lord Mayor of London.
The Princess of Wales's birthday was kept on Saturday,
Dee. 1, at Sandringham with the usual rejoicings. The annual
tenants’ ball was given the previous evening, the whole of the
guests at Sandringham as well as the Royal family being
present. On Saturday afternoon, in the large room at the
Royal mews, all the children of the Sandringham, West
Newton, and Wolferton Schools had their annual tea as usual
on the birthday. The Prince and Princess of Wales, with
Prince Albert Victor, Prince George, Princesses Louise, Victoria,
and Maud, and the Duke of Cambridge, accompanied by the
guests at Sandringham, were present at Divine service at the
church of St. Mary Magdalene on Sunday morning, the 2nd.
The Rev. F. Hervey, Rector of S uulringhani, officiated, and the
Rev. Canon Duckworth preached. The Duke of Cambridge
left Sandringham. The Comte and Comtesse de Paris and
Princess Helene left Sandringham on the 3rd, having terminated
their visit to the Prince and Princess. T'tie Prince left Sand¬
ringham for London in order to preside next day at a meeting
of the Duchy of Cornwall. In the evening he went to the
Comedy Theatre. On the 5th the Prince went on a visit to
Mr. Tyssen Amherst. M.P.. and Mrs. Amherst, at Didlington
Hall, Norfolk. The Princess and her three daughters remain
during the week at Sandringham.
Prinoess Lonise attended a conversazione on Dec. 1 at the
Athenatum, Ilighbury-park, to inaugurate the North London
branch of the Recreative Evening Schools Association.
On the same day the annual distribution of the late Lady
Peek's prizes at the National Orphan Home, Ham-common,
was made bv Princess Mary Adelaide, who was accompanied
by Prinoess Victoria of Teck. The Earl of Wemyss (chairman
of the committee), the Countess of Wemyss, Lady Elcho, and
Lady Whittaker Ellis were among those present.
Mr. Justice Wills has been appointed as the Judge for
England nnder the Railway and Canal Traffic Act of the
present year ; Lord Trayner. one of the Judges of the Court of
Session, has been appointed for Scotland ; and Mr. Justice
Murphy for Ireland.
The new School Board for London held their first meeting
on Dec. 4. The only business transacted was the election of a
chairman and vice-chairman. The Rev. J. Diggle was re¬
elected by a majority of eight ; and Dr. Gladstone was chosen
vice-chairman in place of Sir Richard Temple, M.P.
A great disappointment awaited the audience who visited
St. James's Hall on Dec. 3, to hear the Monday Popular
Concert, from Madame Neruda (Lady Halid) being a sufferer
from severe cold, and unable to take part in the concert. A
competent substitute was, however, found in M. Straus, and
Mozart's famous clarionet quintetfc in A major was ably led
by that experienced musician.
A rich Masonic window, from the studio of Mr. Taylor, of
Berners-street, has been placed in the church of Hinton-Martell,
Dorsetshire, in memory of Mr. Henry Charles Bart, the gift of
his brother Freemasons. Thesubject is " The Good Samaritan."
with the emblems of the craft in the ornamental surround¬
ings.—In St. Mark's Church, Coburg-road, Old Kent-road, on
Deo. 1. a new stained-glass window, the gift of Miss Thrupp,
was publicly unveiled.
The marriage of Mr. John O. Thursby, son of Sir John
Thursby, of Omerod. to Miss EUa Crosse, younger daughter of
Ccdbnel Thomas and Lady Mary CrosBe, was solemnised on
Nov. 28 at St. Peter's, Eaton-square, before a large and fashion¬
able congregation. The bride was conducted to the altar by her
father. The bridesmaids were Miss Crosse (sister of the bride),
the Misses Garnett (cousins), Miss Sybil Hooper, MiBS Thursby
and Miss Mary Thursby (sisters of the bridegroom). Miss
Margorie Garnett acted as train-bearer. Mr. Powuey, of the
Guards, attended the bridegroom as best man.
MIRAGE ON THE STEPPES OF ASIA.
A Russian Artist, who has contributed to our Journal several
other Views of the peenliar landscape scenery of the Steppes
of Central Asia, here represents the curious phenomenon of
mirage which has often been observed on extensive dry plains
in other parts of the world. It takes place only when the
atmosphere is perfectly still, and when the surface of the
round has been long heated by the direct rays of the snn.
'he lower strata of air become so rarefied by the heat, parting
with all moisture, as to form waves or masses with enter
curved lines, bending upwards to the sky ; and the rays of
light from any distant object, around or above, are refracted
by these curves—sometimes easting on the ground an image
of the clouds, which looks like pools of water; sometimes
throwing laterally, as in this instance, very distinct images of
neighbouring rocks, or even of moving figures, which seem to
hover just above the ground. An army has occasionally been
startled by the apparent nearness of another body of troops ;
or a caravan marching across the desert is met by the reflec¬
tion of itself crossing the horizon in an opposite direction. A
town or fort, with all its buildings, may be discerned seem¬
ingly in a position ten or twelve miles from its real situation;
and it is said that people on the cliffs at Hastings once saw, in
a calm sea, the coast of France, with all its bays and inlets,
brought very near to the English shore. These varied effects
on sea and land, due to an inversion of the more or less dense
layers of the atmosphere, and to the consequent distortion of
the rays of light, are not unfrequent on the Steppes during the
great heats of summer.
ANTIQUITIES OF TENEDOS.
The small island of Tenedos. off the coast of Asia Minor, just
opposite the shore of the famous plain of Troy, is mentioned
by Virgil, in the “rEneid," as the gathering-place of the
Part of a Marble Throne (Phoenician) with Figures probably of the
Horned Dngon and Aslnrte.
Grecian fleet preparing for the return home: and it has more
than once, in our own times, witnessed the British fleet
anchoring in Besika Bay, and there waiting orders to enter
the Strait of the Dardanelles. We are favoured by the Rev.
B. S. Tucker, R.N., Naval Chaplain to Q.M.S. Sultan, with two
drawings recently made by him, representing antique
sculptures of some artistic and historic interest, which he saw
in a visit to the island. They lie in a courtyard adjacent to a
Greek church in Tenedos. Both were dug out of the Band at
the landing-place of that port, having evidently served as
ballast to some Turkish caique. They are of white marble :
one evidently formed part of a throne ; it would seem to bo
Phoenician in origin. Mr. Tucker suggests that the figures re¬
present Dagon, horned, as an emblem of power ; and Astarte,
with a fish in her hand, sitting on the bend of Dagon’s tail.
The other is an early Christian font on which a device in laurel
encircles the cross, emblematic of the triumph of Christianity.
Both these objects are well worthy of a niche in the British
Museum.
The annual presentation of prizes to the 2nd Volunteer
Battalion Royal Fusiliers, by Mrs. Robert W. Uoutledge, will be
made oa Dee. 13, at St. James's Hall. Viscount Wolseley,
the Hon. Colonel ; Lord Abinger, commanding the West
London Volunteer Brigade, and Generals Sir R. Gipps and
Lyon Fremantle will be amongst those present.
At Birmingham, on Deo. 1, the fortieth annual fat cattle show
commenced, the show of cattle being the largest held there,
and the quality remarkably fine. The Queen has taken four
first prizes, four second prizes, and one high commendation.
The President’s prize and the Elkington Challenge Cup were
awarded to Mr. George Wilkin for a two-year-old steer, as the
best animal in the cattle classes.—The National Dog Show
opened on Dec. 3 in Curzon Hall, with an unprecedented entry
of 1243 animals, many of them of high quality.
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From our own Correspondent.)
Paris, Monday, Dec. 3.
If tho Parisians could only read the foreign newspapers,
especially the London dailies, with those wonderful head¬
lines due to the perspicacity of snb-editois, they would bo
astounded at the events that are taking place among6t them,
and to which they pay no heed. The present times are doul t-
less confused and tumultuous ; Borne people drink openly to
tho fall of the present regime; Communist Generals, like
Cluseiet, are candidates for the deputation : a man whoue dis¬
grace was thought to bo complete, like Wilson, returns calmly
to the scene of action and begins to play a role that terrifies his
less cynical colleagues; Floquet dreams vaguely'of a coup-
d'dtat, but instead of taking the thing tragically everybody
laughs at the comicality of snoha scheme. Meanwhile the anni¬
versary of Dec. 2 comes round. There is talk of transferring
Baudin's remains to the Pantheon ; and the Municipal Council,
in order to affirm its existence as the chief pillar of the
Republic, decides to manifest. Very good, says the Govern¬
ment : manifest—under our patronage and protection. And so it
was. TMte|^bwts and great preparations were made. Vast
f !'»t on foot. The garrison of Paris were
cimliii^^^Hj83*q5!('kK. The timid were warned to keep
their street-fighting. Committees, groups,
sni-ier banners and flags prepared, and a
Sunday, when tbe great day
rose, u^| did not trouble their heads
about ; ■ ■ i. but went to the races in
n';n-''-i'B% »Rw did not exceed 15.000 to
wa# to have lined the
1 nor enthusiastic, ami the
cMT.-ee lugubrious as a funeral
processing •.* .ne *u«.. "“»®®^*<Lsscd without disorder—so
much thetirtter—but instcau -v nd protestation of
Republicanism it was rather a manife" 1 Vf indifference an-}—
ennui. Now-a-days, even the poli<V, ai themselves arc
getting siek of politics. All this is, ot course, only the pro¬
logue ; the real play will begin in 1889, when the peasants
intervene in the elections and either confirm the Republic, or
go over to Monarchism or to Boulangism.
The great event of the week at the theatres has been the
appearance of Madame Patti at the Opera in Gounod’s “ Romeo
et Juliette.” The audience was, perhaps, A little prejudiced
against Patti at the beginning on account of her neglect of
Paris during the prime of her talent. However, they did not
Bulk long over their pleasure, and warmly applauded the dir a,
though it must be confessed that the real hero of the evening
was rather the tenor, Jean de Reszke, than Adelina Patti.
These Patti performances are the occasion of a considerable
scandal, owing to an understanding arrived at between the
managers of the Opera and the ticket speculators. The box-
office has hitherto not been opened at all.
The Institute of France has filled up two vacancies by tho
election of the Yicomte Eugfene Melchior De Vogiie to the
French Academy, and of M. Gustave Moreau to the Academy
of Fine Arts. M. De Vogiie has been the apostle of the modern
Russian novelists in France, introducing ns by essays, studies,
and translations to the spirit of Tolstoi, Dostoievsky, and the
Slav novelists of hntnan suffering. M. Gustave Moreau is the
visionary and unique painter of “ H61ene," “ Galathee,"
“ Herodiade,” “King David,” “CEdipns"; the painter ot
myths, of hieratic figures animated by the human dream.
M. Moreau is truly a unique painter, and destined to remain
such, for his art is too complex, too literary, too intellectual,
too symbolic to ever influence widely either artists or general
public.
A Polish lady, Mdlle. Andzia De Wolska, supported by a
committee of ladies, amongst whom are Marechale Canrobert
and Lady Caithness, is founding in Paris a permanent inter¬
national library of women's works—that is to say, cf books in
all classes of literature written by women. Mdlle. De Wolska
asks aid from the public, and especially from authoresses of
all nations. Those who wish to learn further detail? aboas
her interesting project may address her directly at 5’J, Ra :
Jacob, PariB.
The cause of physical education is rapidly gainic j ground
in Paris. The latest move is a project elaborated by ;be archi¬
tect Charles Gamier for converting the now deserted site of
the Tuileries Palace into a sort of athletic arena, with tracks
for foot-races, tennis-courts, cricket-pitches, ball-lawns, ic.
The great difficulty that the promoters of athletics seem to
find is the want of initiative of the French boy : he does not
know how to play at anything.
Louis XV. and Louis XVI. fashions are now quite out cf
fashion ; no more paniers and tabliers, no more Pompadonrism.
The Directory even scarcely survives at all. The grand this
is the stiffness and pseudo-classical simplicity of the Empi re ;
truth pure and unadorned ; high waists, plain corsage, plain
skirts, the simplest trimmings confined to the hen s. For
evening costumes, dieottetage in a point, very small natural
coiffure without any postiches. Velvet is a fashionable
material for all sorts of toilettes. The head-dress is to be a
small capote without strings ; round the neck a long boa ; the
outer garment a short velvet jacket or a long tight-fitting
redingote of velvet, very plain. In order to jitear these Em pi re
garments with grace it is desirable to be thin, very thin. Tbe
ideal of an Empire toilette is pure lines. T, C.
The session of the Spanish Cortes was opened on Nov. 30
by Senor Sagasta, tbe Premier, who read the Decree of Con¬
vocation in both Houses. There was no Speech from the
Throne. The Chamber of Deputies subsequently re-elected
Senor Martos as President by a majority of 160 votes.
The Federal Council of Berlin has assented to the new
Commercial treaty between Switzerland and the German
Empire.
The German Emperor and Empress gave a State dinner on
Nov. 30 in hononr of the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess
Vladimir. Tho Dowager Grand Duchess Maria and Duke
John of Mecklenburg.Rchwerin, and Counts Muravieff and
Bismarck were among the invited guests.
The fortieth anniversary of the accession of the Emperor-
King Francis Joseph was on Deo. 2 celebrated throughout
Austria and Hungary. Special services were held in most of
the churches. His Majesty, who passed tbe day with the
Empress at the Castle of Miramare, having requested that no
public demonstration should take place, the money which
wonld otherwise have been spent in festivities has been
devoted to charitable objects. Their Majesties returned to
Vienna on the 3rd. Congratulatory telegrams have been
received from all the European Sovereigns.
The Session of the United States Congress was opened at
Washington on Dec. 3. President Cleveland’s Message strongly
reiterates his former views about reducing surplus taxation
and reforming the tariff. He says there is no existing subject
of dispute with any foreign Power not susceptible of satis¬
factory adjustment by frank diplomatic treatment.
MU. MONRO. C
SUTHERL
THE LATE SIR RONALD THOMSON, G.C.M.G.
COMMISSION Eli
METROPOLITAN POLICE.
OBITU
BRITISH
THE NEW COMMISSIONER OF POLICE.
Mr. James Monro, C.B., has been appointed to succeed Sir
JJiarles W arren as Commissioner of Metropolitan Police. He
is a son of the late Mr. George Monro, solicitor, of Edinburgh,
and is just fifty years of age. He entered the Indian Civil
Service in IS.>, ami held both judicial and executive appoint-
ments hihng the posts of magistrate and collector, secretary
to the Board of lievenue, District and Sessions Judge. Sub,
sequent )y he became Inspector-General of Police in Bengal.
tm»fc force nninhering upwards of 20,000 men, under European
officers, until, five 3ears afterwards, he was appointed Com¬
missioner of the Presidency Division. On several occasions
Mr. Monro received the thanks of the Bengal Government for
his services \\ hen Mr. Howard Vincent retired from his
position at the head of the Criminal Investigation Depart-
raent. Mr. Monro, under the new name of Assistant-Com¬
missioner (Mr. Vincent was Director) was appointed to take
hi* place. His recent resignation of this position was much
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Dec. 8. 1888.
DEC. 8, 1888
'I HE ILLUSTRATE!) LONDON NEWS
674
TH13 PLAYHOUSES.
Mr W. S. Gilbert tells a story in his new and original four-act
drama called “ Brantinghame Hall ” that probably reads better
on paper than it looks on the stage. There was certainly con¬
siderable disappointment when thecnrtain fell on the last act;
although long before that time all interest had been exhausted
nnd all hope of a brilliant success was gone. The fault of the
»,l a v is one almost inseparable from Mr. Gilbert’s system of
work and view of human nature. He seems determined not
to see men and women as they really are, but ns they might be
under certain given conditions. He takes the exceptional cir¬
cumstances of life, and thinks they are dramatic because they
form an abnormal growth on our civilisation. It is little use
to argue with Mr. Gilbert, because on certain points ho suffers
from colour blindness. He insists upon the actual converse of
w-bat is generally accepted : he glories in contradiction and a
perverse treatment of the simplest circumstances of life.
Take, for instance, his new heroine, Ruth Redmayne. Now,
here is a girl brought up and reared in the Australian busb,
with a father who is a convict, with companions who are rude
stockmen, a girl edacated in an atmosphere of freedom, not to
sav coarseness, and yet Mr. Gilbert would seriously ask us to
believe that such a girl frames her phraseology not on what she
hears about her, but on what she reads in her family bible!
The dramatist does not prepare ns for such an astounding
surprise; nay, he spoils his own idea of it, and hinders oar
faith in our guide and instructor. Had he at once wanted to
show the simplicity of Ruth’s life and her guilelessness, to
impress npon us the fact that she dwelt in the “ forest
primeval,” and was to lie an Australian Evangeline, he would
not surely have started his drama on row, riot, the fighting of
bullies, and the quarrelling of rough, uncouth fel'^ws. The very
keynote that the author desires to Idened by his
own contradictoriness. Mr. Gil K ■,***■*■* girl brought
up in such surroundings—th f a convict, whose
curs are daily soiled with the conversation of swearing stock-
men—would talk 1 ke a perambulating Old Testament, and
frame every thought on her best book— 41 Holy Writ ’;
common-sense says that the girl would do nothing of the
kind, for she does*not happen to pass her days with Quakers,
Puritans, or Plymouth Brethren, but with semi-savages. There
is a further objection. If Mr. Gilbert elected to make his
heroine talk in this quaint and curious fashion, should he not
at least have explained his reason to
his audience in order to have warned
them what to expect.’ Bat it is posi¬
tively startling after Mr. Dick Somers
and his rowdy companions have had a
*• set to,” and Ruth’s lovers have
quarrelled and almost come to blows in
the most ordinary 44 you’re another”
fashion, and when everyone is modern
to a fault, to hear Ruth adopting the
lingo of the Pilgrim Fathers and
preaching out her platitudes as if she
were another Hester Prynne or Dorothy
Drucc. At the close of the first act
the majority of the audience were com¬
pletely befogged over this peculiar
phraseology. “ Why does Ruth Red¬
mayne talk in that fashion ? ” nnxiously
asked the curious. “Oh, don’t yon
know l" was the answer. “ Gilbert has
explained it all to an interviewer on
the Pall Mill Gazette /” Well, that
is all very well; but a dramatist, as
a rule, makes his explanations to his
audience.
There is another point, of more
serious moment. The great effect of
the play, on which so much is built
and .all depends, is a surprise so ex¬
aggerated that it does not commend
itself as feasible to an audience. Ruth
Redmayne, from the outset, is a very
estimable young person. There is not
a shadow or taint of suspicion about
her character. Butter would not melt
in her mouth—and she looks it. No
sine person with the slightest study of
physiognomy could put her down as a vulgar adventuress.
She is the incarnation of all the virtues. Before leaving
Australia Ruth marries a Peer’s son, in the presence of
credible witnesses, the ceremony being performed by a reputable
clergyman. Her husband makes a handsome will in her favour,
and is then drowned at sea. Hearing of her husband’s death,
Ruth starts for England with the laudable ambition of
becoming reconciled to her husband’s father and of redeeming
a mortgage on the old Peer’s property with the money that
her husband has left to her—a most desirable and natural
proceeding. A scoundrel who once loved Ruth has a mortgage
on the property ; so when the hononrable woman desires that
her inherited money shall be of some valne, she finds her-
solf met with extraordinary objections nil round. Lord
Saxmundham refuses Ruth’s offe- because he is os obstinate
as he is proud. Ralph Crampton refuses to allow the
morfcg.igo to be redeemed with Ruth’s money — which
he could not do. There is only one loophole for escape, and
that i9 for Ruth to marry the detested Ralph. This she
positively refuses to do ; but,driven into a corner, she resolves
to tell a false story of her own shame and infamy merely
to transfer her money to her father-in-law. The thing is wholly
improbable and unnatural, and Mr. Gilbert sees it as clearly as
anybody, for he makes a common-sense spectator very
fairly observe that Ruth is doing no one any very particular
favour by lending her own money on mortgage. She has
money to invest, and here she has a very good investment.
There was no need for her to deny her truth, fame, and good
name in order to open the eye® of an obstinate old nobleman,
and to crush an enemy who quotes bad law in order to frighten
an antagonist. Now, this is a very weak foundation on which
to build a play. No one is deceived by Ruth Redmayne’s net of
self-soorifiec. Not a human being believes in it. The audience
quickly sees that the characters surrounding her do not believe
her transparent renunciation of Bclf. Even if there were no
marriage certificate or will in existence to prove conclusively
that the girl was uttering a pious falsehood her very looks
would belie her. Saints do not suddenly and impetuously
become sinners in this fashion. With this surprise the
author has let off his only important firework. It faints,
fizzles, and it goes out. There is no more to be done ;
and when it is found in the last act that the drowned hero
and husband comes to life again in a very ordinary and
common-plaoo fashion it cannot be surprising that the play,
from whioh so mach had been expected, was fonnd to he
nnre.isonable and unattractive. It is not at all impossible
that Roth Redmayne should act as she docs in this play ; bat
it is in the highest degreo improbable without a far stronger
motive than is here shown. An author who desires to catch
us in the toils of a surprise should carefully, and with artistic
subtlety, lead up to it.
PARTRIDGE-SHOOTING IN NORFOLK.
There has been much controversy of late among the critics of
sport on the relative merits of ‘ driving,’’ as against shooting
over dogs. In former days, when long stubble formed covert
for the crouching partridges, the services of pointers and
setters were necessary to find the birds ; but now. a well-
directed “ drive ” affords many more shots than were to be got
by the old-fashioned method. Another innovation is that of
ladies wielding the smooth-bore. We. leave our readers to
form their own conclusions as to the propriety of this practice,
as well as to consult their own predilection in the matter of
driving or finding their game. In either case, with regard to
the general principle, if we remember the authentic accounts
of Royal and noble hunting-parties in English deer-parks in
the Tudor and Plantagenet reigns, there is some precedent for
applying similar customs to the killing of partridges or
pheasants. For the deer were usually driven by a host of
beaters : while the Queen, the Princesses, and the ladies of the
Court did not disdain to exercise their skill in archery at the
expense of those gentle beasts; as wo see the Princess, in
Shakspeare’s play of “ Love’s Labour’s Lost,” taking her stand
for this ladylike pastime :—
Thou forcatcr, my frieud, when? is the bush
That wc must stand and play the murderer In ?
Forester— Hereby, upon the oclpe of yonder coppice;
A stand where you may make the fairest shoot.
Prikcess— I thank my beauty, I nra fair that shoot,
And thereupon. thou speak'st, the fairest shot.
But come, the bow ! Now, mercy would not kill.
So shooting well may be accounted HI.
Thus will I save my credit in the shoot;
Not wounding, pity would not let me do't;
If wounding, then it was to show my skill,
That more for praise, than purpose, sought to kill.
THE BAUDIN MONUMENT IN PARIS.
In the perpetration of that act of treachery and ruthless
violence by which Lonis Napoleon Bonaparte, sworn President
of the French Republic, on Dec. 2, 1851. usurped despotic
power, the soldiery under the command of General St. Arnaud
met with some unavailing resistance. Barricades were thrown
up against them in the streets of Paris ; there was a little
fighting, and a great deal of massacre. Several members of
the Legislative Assembly joined personally in the combat.
One of these, M. Baudin, was killed fighting in the Faubourg
TOMB O? BAVDIN.
St. Antoine *, and a monument to his honour, which has now-
been erected over his tomb in the Cemetery of Montmartre,
was unveiled on Sanday, Dec. 2, the thirty-seventh anni¬
versary of his death. Oar Paris Correspondent’s letter gives
some account of the proceedings. It is a recumbent statue of the
slain political martyr, laid on drapery which falls in heavy
folds over the pedestal. There- is an inscription on a shield as
follows “ To Alphonse Baudin, Representative of the people,
killed while defending justice and law, Dec. 2, 1851. His
fellow-citizens, 1872.” The last-mentioned date is that of the
resolution to provide this monument, which was adopted a
year or two after the restoration of the French Republic.
M. Aimd Millet is the sculptor by whom this monument was
designed ; there is also to be a monument in the Panthdon.
In our description of Messrs. Pears’ new buildings in
Oxford-street, it should have been stated that the mosaic was
laid by Messrs. Diespeker and Co., of 40, Holborn Viaduct.
Last year 15.300 lb. of smuggled tobacco were seized and
burned in what is known as “ The Queen’s Pipe,” the valne
being £4200. exclusive of duty.
Mr. H. Graves, the captain of Derby School, who had the
honour of presenting a Latin address to the Prince of Wales on
the occasion of the late Royal visit, has been elected to a
Classical Open Exhibition at Bullied College, Oxford.
Sir Algernon Borthwick, M.P., took the chair on DecJ^ at
the annual dinner of the Peterboro’ Benevolent Society. The
sum of £115 was collected in the room, and the proceedings
were of a most successful character.
The Duke of Devonshire has issued a circnlar to his Irish
tenantry, informing them that he has decided to grant an
abatement of 20 per cent in their rents now payable. He gave
a redaction of 25| per cent last year, and 274 per cent the year
previous.
A special entertainment, under the direction of Mr. and
Mrs. Davies, is annonneed for Monday, Dec. 10. at St. Andrew’s
Hall. Newman-streefc, to provide the poor of St. Pancrns with
Christmas dinners. Many ladies and gentlemen have offered
their services, and there is a good programme.
Owing to ill-health, Sir Thomas M‘Il\vraith, the Queens¬
land Premier, has resigned the offices of Chief Secretary and
Colonial Treasurer, retaining, however, the position of Vice-
President of the Executive Council. He has left Brisbane on a
trip to China and Japan, which will probably extend over fonr
months. The party leadership will now be assumed by the
Hon. B. D. More head, the Colonial Secretary, who will also
discharge the da ties of Premier and Chief Secretary. The
Hon. W. Pattison, who bus previously been a member of tho
Cabinet without portfolio, will be Colonial Treasurer.
THE SILENT MEMBER.
London has in December rarely been so lively, from a social
point of view, as it is now. Honourable members may, not
unnaturally, sigh for a sunny in lieu of an inky sky, the
badgered Leader of the House being particularly deserving of
commiseration. But, whilst Parliament sits, West-End trades¬
men rob their hands with glee, and theatrical managers
running ephemeral pieces fairly rejoice, and, in some cases,
“ ride the high horse,” unapprehensive of the “ killing frost”
that will possibly arrive for some when Parliament prorogues.
The week that opened in the Commons with the cool attempt
of Jeremiah Sullivan to serve a writ in the Lobby on coy Mr.
Sheehy ended, not inappropriately, in a farcical scene or two.
On the penultimate night of November, the debate on the third
reading of the Irish Land Purchase Bill was interrupted by an
unusually exciting episode. A baseless rumour spread from
bench to bench among the Liberals and Irish Home Rulers that
Lord Compton had won the Holborn Election ; and load cheers
burst forth, and were renewed again and again. The halloo was
premature, to say the least of it. The late Colonel Duncan's seat
was gained by a majority of 9155 by the Conservative and
Unionist candidate, Mr. Gainsford Bruce, Q.C., and when the
true report reached the Treasury bench, Mr. Smith and the
Ministerialists made the glass roof vibrate with their cheers.
A Saturday sitting was necessary on the First of December,
and that dramatic demagogue, Mr. Robert Gallnigad Bontine
Cunninghame Graham, was ordered by the Speaker to with¬
draw from the House for the use of a decidedly un-Parlia-
mentary expression.
The House of Lords—lucky in having to meet only on
Tuesdays during this extra Session—quickly passed the Par¬
liamentary Oaths Bill on the Fourth of December ; that
measare being in the capable hands of Earl Spencer, who has,
by-the-way, the credit or otherwise of having converted Earl
Granville to Home Rule, and whose platform oratory is un¬
questionably increasing his influence as a Liberal leader.
In the hushed chamber of the Peers, Lord Ashbourne, the
vigorous father of the Irish Land Purchase Bill, experienced
bub a faint subdued measure of the stern opposition offered to
the conditions of the Five Millions loan in the Commons. The
noble and learned Lord, whose grey hair offers a singular con¬
trast to his hale and hearty appearance, has a breezy style of
speaking that is very prepossessing. Lord Ashbourne's recom¬
mendations of this measure of amelior¬
ation, really only an extension of the
Ashbourne Act. were met by the Earl
of Aberdeen and Earl Spencer with
the earnest pleas for Irish tenants in
arrears strenuously urged by Mr. Glad¬
stone and Mr. Parnell in the Lower
House. The Bill was read the second
time, however, by the Lords without
division.
The Earl of Onslow (whose urbanity,
tact, and deep interest in our Colonial
Empire should make him a most accept¬
able Governor of New Zealand) has an
efficient successor as Parliamentary
►Secretary to the Board of Trade in Lord
Balfour of Burleigh, who is said to
have declined the Governorship of
Queensland for family reasons. Not the
least of the Marquis of Salisbury’s high
qualifications for the Premiership is his
happy knack of selecting able Ministers
from the increasing circle of rising
young statesmen.
'lhe Soudan difficulty inherited by
the present Government from their pre¬
decessors in office threatens to be os
perilous to this Ministry as it was to
the Gladstone Administration. That
extremely zealous and energetic Liberal
debater and Home-Rule advocate, Mr.
John Morley, approaches this compli¬
cated Egyptian problem with a clear
conscience. He joined Mr. John Bright
in deploring and condemning British
intervention in Egypt. Mr. Morley
had, accordingly, a moral right to riso
from the midst of his Gladstonian colleagnes, on the First
of December, to warmly deprecate the projected new expedition
to Souakim, with its probable result of a fresh series
of massacres in the vicinity of that beleaguered seaport.
Sir James Fergusson, Mr. Edward Stanhope, and Mr. \V. II.
Smith answered that it was necessary to send the military rein¬
forcements for the protection of the population of Sounkim ; but
theGovcmment had to endure rear and flank attacks from Lord
Charles Beresford and Lord Randolph Churchill. As it was,
there was but the small Ministerial majority of 35 against Mr.
John Morley. Encouraged presumably by the smallness of
this majority, and strengthened by his strong aversion to all
Soudan expeditions and Egyptian entanglements, Lord
Randolph Churchill on the Fourth of December took the
unusual step of moving the adjournment as a prac¬
tical protest against the inadequacy of sending a single
British battalion to Souakim, especially against the advice
of the Home military authorities. 31 r. Stanhope replied
that our military authorities in Egypt had sanctioned
the coarse adopted. But Lord Randolph Churchill was sup¬
ported by Sir William Harcourt and Mr. Gladstone (who had
returned to town the previous day to strongly attack the Irish
administration of Mr. Balfour) ; and, although Lord Harring¬
ton stanchly defended the Government, Ministers could only
count a majority of 42—sign of breakers ahead for the Ministry.
The Borough of Birmingham and the Bnrgh of Dundee
have been raised to the rank of cities.
The Research, a surveying vessel, was launched at Chatham
Dockyard on Dec. 4, with engines and boilers on board. She is
to be employed first in making a new survey of tho English
Channel and the Scilly Islands.
Punch'* Alntanacft, garnished with the lively wit of Mr.
F. C. Burnnnd, presents a dainty dish of artistic humour by
the deservedly popular comic artists of Punch , the chief
cartoon, “New London,” being an admirable example of Mr.
John Tenniel’s refined, finished, and characterfull style.
The entertainment at the Brompton Hospital on Tuesday,
Dec. 4, consisted of Sullivan's “ Cox and Box,” well performed
by Messrs. Charleton, Freeman, and Lendon, to the great enjoy¬
ment of the patients. The entertainment on the 11th will be
under the direction of Mrs. Fraser, with an excellent pro¬
gramme.
On Dec. 4, the first Tuesday in Advent, the annual perform¬
ance of Spohr's oratorio “The Last Judgment” was given in
St. Paul's Cathedral, at a special evening service. The solos
and choruses were snng by the ordinary choir, accompanied
by a small band, without the organ, which was only used for
the other portions of the service. Dr. Martin, the organist of
the cathedral, conducted. There was an enormous congregation.
DEC. 8, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
675
>
A
THE VOLCANIC REGION OF HAWAII.
Wa have again to speak of that interesting gronp of islands,
half-way across the Pacific Ocean from the western coast of
Mexico to the Chinese Archipelago, »n the 20th degree of
latitude north of the Equator, which forms the native
Kingdom of Hawaii. The name belongs to the whole of the
small notion, now dwindled to 70,000, inhabiting the larger
island, Hawaii proper, the island of Oahn, which contains
the capital and well-known commercial port of Honolulu, and
the islands of Maui, Molokai, Lanai, Kauai, and Nihan, with
many smaller isles of no account. These were formerly called
the Sandwich Islands—after their discovery by Captain Cook,
who met his death by the spear of a savage at Hawaii, the
name being spelt-‘Owhyhee " in old books of geography and
travel. Since 1819, the ruling class of natives have pro¬
fessed Christianity, and some progress has been made in
civilisation. King Kalakaua, and Queen Kapiolani, and
the ex-Queen Emma, who are educated persons and have
travelled in Europe, are no strangers to good English society.
The Anglo-American colony at Honolulu, including mission¬
aries and teachers of every Protestant religious denomination,
enjoys the Royal favour and exercises a beneficial influence.
Rut our purpose just now is especially to present a few Illus¬
trations of the amazing natural phenomena of volcanic action
in the mountain region of the island of Hawaii, which is not
usually visited by those who sojourn for a few days at
Honoluln. For these Illustrations wo are indebted to Mr.
:Scott B. Wilson, a scientific and practical botanist and
naturalist, well known to the Zoological Society of London,
we believe, and to the Natural History Musenm; who, in
September and Ootober, 1887, explored the great volcano of
Kilanea, and took a series of photographic views. He sent us
also views of the neighbourhood of Honoluln, with several
specimens of the peculiar Tegetation, the algaroba, the bread-
frnit-tree, and the “ Dianella ensifolia,” belonging to these
islands, and portraits of the Hawaiian native people.
The best description of the volcanic region of Hawaii is to
he found in Miss C. F. Gordon-Cumming’s book, “Firo-
Fountains," published in two volnmes by Messrs. W. Black¬
wood and Sons in 1883—a work of great interest, written in a
vigorous and agreeable style, and containing valnable inform¬
ation concerning the principal islands, the kingdom and its
inhabitants, and their manners and customs, as well as these
wonders of nature. The mountains, of which the highest
summit. Manna Lon, has an elevation of 14,000 ft, are
approached by a very gradual ascent from the seashore at
Hilo, a journey of thirty miles. Passing through a belt of
tropical forest, and a tract of coarse grassy downs, with occa¬
sional swamps, one comes upon a great rocky plain intersected
by hardened streams of black lava, the huge blocks of which
are strewn about the country for many miles. At an elevation
of 4000 ft. lies the immense active crater of Kilanea, the
largest in the world. It is a hnge sunken pit, nine miles in
circamference, the walls of which, 600 ft. deep, are precipitous,
and the bottom, of a bluish grey colour, is a floor of hot lava ; in
its centre is the Lake of Fire, colled Halemouman, enclosed by
a circle of high crags, ever and again changing their shapes as
fresh masses of molten lava are thrown np from beneath. This,
however, is often concealed by the dense iloud; of steam con¬
tinually arising it is only by the aid of a favourable wind that,
from some point or other, a distinot view of the crater may be
obtained. The abyss, of unknown depth, is filled with flames
or waves of fire, which at night east an awful reflection on the
clonda of vapour; but this is only at the time of an active
eruption. There are times when the fire recedes into the earth,
and Miss Gordon-Cumming, with her gnides and companions,
was then able to desoend into the pit, and to walk oyer the
ridges and billows of lava-crust, to elimb the inner circle of
crags, and to look down into the crater, where she saw only
Bteam and smoke, with frequent jets and flashes of bluish fire,
and a sort of fire-spray—now white, now glowing red, now
yellow—licking the sides of the rocks. The continual alterna¬
tions in the internal condition and in the aspect of Hale-
maumau. and likewise of Manna Hna-lei-lei, which has twenty
craters — one a mile in circumference, the others much
smaller — are to be remembered in comparing the accounts
of different travellers. A crater usually finishes by form¬
ing a perforated cone of lava which rises from the
bottom of its pit, and which may he 500 ft. high. Miss
Gordon-Cumming, on a second visit to Halemaumau, saw the
new formation of many Bach cones and domes, a new lake and
new rivers of liquid lava, where she bad been able to walk in
safety not many days before. The other celebrated volcano,
Mauna Loa, with its crater, which is called Mokua-weo-weo,
near the summit, differs considerably from Kilanea, and is not
ala-ays in action ; but its notable eruptions from 1789 to 1877,
of which.on historical account has been compiled by the Rev.
Titns Coan, especially the great eruption of 1868, and the later
tremendous outburst in 1880 and 1881, are famous enough.
FIXING TELEGttAPHIC WIRES ON TREES IN THE FOREST OF LUBLIN, RUSSIA.
RUSSIAN MILITARY TELEGRAPHS.
Tlie Vienna newspapers continne their reports of considerable
movements of Russian troops from the Charkow military
district to those of Kiev and Moscow, and theuco to the
western frontiers. Our correspondent, the Artist who fur¬
nishes a Sketch of Russian field-telegraph operations, recently
travelled from Lublin, in Russian Poland, to Robrowinski and
Schelekov, on the borders of Galicia, and found the woods nrar
the last-mentioned place occupied by eleven reserve battalions,
extending to Kaluschin. It was here that he saw a section
company of one of the “ parks ” of field-telegraph laying
the line through the forest. They made nse of the
trees growing along the line, to fix the wires to them,
and only erected poles on the open ground where no
trees were growing. The space included in the triangle
between KiJnstautinov. Kazatin, and Ncmerinka, confronting
Lemberg, would constitute the most likely strategic base for
an advance on Anstria, as the base of an advance into Rou-
niania would be tbe position between Kishineff and Bender,
ine Russian Army possesses seventeen parks of field-telegraph,
each in two sections, with sixty-nine kilometres of wire.
. are kept at Akerman, near Odessa : three at Shitomir,
in the province of Kiev, and others at Warsaw, at Liitlin, and
at Robrowinski. The present concentration of troops in the
military districts of Wilna. Warsaw, and Kiev, provides a large
lorce ready for operations in case of war with Germany and
d' t “ Ut we hop ® that the Pe ace o£ Europe will not be
The Board of Trade have received, through the Foreign
umco, a silver medal and diploma which have been awarded
to Captain Vincent James, of the schooner Myvamvy. of Port
natal, for his services in rescuing the crew of the Italian brig
rapa Kissetto, in the Atlantic Ocean, on May 23 last.
ROYAL INSTITUTION.
The following are the lecture arrangements before Easter :—
Professor Dewar, six lectures (adapted to a juvenile auditory)
on “Clouds and Clondland" ; Professor G. J. Romanes, twelve
lectures, constituting the second part o r a course, on u Before
and After Darwin (The Evidences of Organic Evolution and
the Theory of Natnral Selection) " ; Professor J. W. Jndd,
four lectures on “The Metamorphoses of Minerals”;
Dr. Sidney Martin, four lectures on " The PoisononB
Action of Albuminoid Bodies, including those formed in
Digestion ” ; Professor J. H. Middleton, four lectures on
“ Houses and their Decoration from the Classical to the
Media-v-al Period ’’ ; Professor Ernst Pauer, four lectures
on “ The Characters of the Great Composers and the
Characteristics of their Works" (with illustrations on the
pianoforte) ; and eight lectures by the Right Hon. Lord
Rayleigh, on “Experimental Optics" (Polarization ; the Wave
Theory). The Friday evening meetings will begin on Jan. 25,
when a discourse will be given by Professor G. H. Darwin ;
succeeding discourses will probably be given by Professor
W. C. McIntosh. Sir William Thomson, Professor A. W. Rucker,
Mr. Harold Crichton Browne, Professor Oliver Lodge, Professor
Archibald Geikie. the Rev. Alfred Ainger, the Right Hon. Lord
Rayleigh, and other gentlemen.
The authorities of Milan Cathedral, on the recommenda¬
tion of an international jury, have selected the design of
Signor Brentano, of Milan, for the rebuilding of the west
fapade. Thirteen other competitors have been awarded prizes
from 4000 fr. to 2000 fr. Of these, Mr. D. Brade, of Kendal, is
the only English competitor.
Santa Clans has taken up his abode for the Christmas
Holidays at Olympia, the vast arena of which is completely
filled with an enormous bazaar. The receptions of fair little
Dollie Daisie Dimple in the centre of Hinde’s English toy
exhibits, and the gaily-costumed girls who preside at the
stalls; the Irish Village for the sale of the tasteful woollen
and other work by Irish peasants, organised for the Countess
of Aberdeen by Mr. J. S. Wood ; and the Oriental cafe and
lounge are among the most attractive features of the bazaar
proper. A hand enlivens the proceedings, and in the evening
promenade concerts take place : whilst the.entertainments are
diversified by marionette and minstrelsy performances.
Messrs. De la Rue’s publications are happy combinations of
beauty and use. Their pocket-books and diaries for 1889 are
as tasteful as ever and are brimful of useful every-day
information.
The Craven Fellowship at Oxford for the present year has
been awarded to Mr. Henry Arthur Tubbs, B.A:, of Pembroke
College. The fellowship is tenable for two years, with an
annual stipend of £200. Mr. William Henry Hadow. M.A.,
assistant tutor and lecturer at Worcester College, has been
elected to an official (tutorial) fellowship.
Among the Christmas and New-Year cards and dainty
books just issued may be noted, for their Bpecial excellence, tjio
art-novelties of Messrs. Prang and Co., of Boston, U.S.A., pub¬
lished by Mr. Arthur Ackermann, of Regent-street; those of
Messrs. Castell Brothers, of Warwick-lane and Paternoster-
square; of Messrs. Raphael Tuck and Sons, of Coleman-street
and Paris and New York ; of Mr. Harding, of Piccadilly,
whose produetionr are chiefly devoted to British sports end
pastimes : of Messrs. Marcus Ward and Co., of London, Bel¬
fast, and New York; and of Messrs. John Walker and Co., of
Farringdon House, Warwick-lane—the latter firm publishing
also “The Goodehild Family at Home,” an amusing gams
for children. Mr. Tom Smith and Co., famed for their Christ¬
mas crackers, have produced some striking novelties, specially
prepared for the ensning festive season.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Due. 8. 1888 — 676
678
DEC. 3, 1SSS
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
i'liK ROYAL SOCIETY OF PAINTERS IN
WATER-COLOURS.
It is only by oonrtcsy that the winter exhibition at this
(fallory can be reganleil r.s one of " sketches and studies.” The
majority of the works aro finished pictures ; and the most
important " studies " are those of Sir Frederick Leighton, Mr.
Hurne-Jones, and Mr. Poyntcr. in which water-colours play
no part. With this reservation, wo must admit that tho
exhibition is a very go >d one. and that the general level of tho
works is above, rather than below, the usual average. It may
or may not bo regarded as a reproach to the members of the
•• old Society ” that they continue to abound in the vein
in which they made their reputation. We mnst remember,
too, that water-c ilonr painting is subjected to narrower
limitations than oil-painting, and that a master of bis art
is to bo tested rather by the powers which ho exhibits
in liij treatment than by attempts to invade tho
domain of others. Thus we know instinctively that
in an exhibition of the “ Old Society ’’ wo shall meet
with Mr. Alfred Hunt’s poetic rendering of Nature, by
Mr. Stacey Marks’s humorous drawing of character, or Mr.
Charles Robertson’s realistic treatment fcf Oriental life. Of
each and all those we have abnndantb^tanees on the present
oce ision, and find no reason toc^ipfflmeitlier of tho “ cooks or
tlie viands." It is. matter whether the “ Old
Society " dow^^gfirtWoonnich jealousy of younger men, and
whether t some fear of its perishing from inanition
in the ^pfrimThccatise the managers of tho present will not
attrac Jhiue brilliant recruits. The danger which awaits a
•■ Ilrjfc Society" is that, being closed agninst external in¬
flu and being helpless in its efforts to direct contemporary
nrjjf I taste, it trill awake some day to find it too late to renew
elutions or to act in sympathy with the outer world.
Foremost among the pictures in point of size as well as
importance is Mr. ilnrne-Joncs’s "Caritas” (3fi), a striking
application of water colours, and by the help of body-colour
and other expedients producing a surface which obliges one to
ask in what it differs from tho results of oil-painting. Tho
subject, that of a young and beautiful mother nursing two
children, whilst four others find refuge in tho folds of her
ample dress, is admirably snited to Mr. Bnrne-Joucs’s alt. Ho
has canght with no slight success the touch of those early
painters who, delighting in symbolism, yet remained
‘•humanists" ; and it is the essentially time typo of woman¬
hood here portrayed which constitutes tho picture’s chief
cimrm. Its colour is subdued throughout, with a suggestion
of warmth in tho red dress, and of comfort in tho ample
fokls of tho dark cloak. Tho children are charming modern
renderings of Raffaelle’s cherubs; and, although tho
linos are hero and there hard, in the case of the most
prominent of tho children clinging to tho woman’s skirt,
the left leg is not only distorted but disproportioned to its
companion ; whilst in one of the nnrsed children the leg is
stiff and lifeless. Tho various studies, chiefly in black and
white, by Mr. Burne-Jones and Sir F. Leighton, which occupy
nearly the whole of the end of tho room, ore especially useful
as throwing light upon tho different ways in which the
President of the Royal Academy and the chief of the eclectics
compose their works. In almost every figure from the former’s
pencil the idea is conveyed that he has kept before his eyes tho
Bolid figure—whether in life or model; whilst Mr. Burne-Jones
has sought bis types through mere surface studies oa paper,
and that having once caught thoexpression he desired he worked
from his drawing to his picture. In fnct, we see in Sir F.
Leighton the full appreciation of the artist for the sculptor’s
work, and the belief that it is through sonlpture that painting
become.) real. Mr. Poyntcr suggests a third method—that of
the advanced drawing-book stylo—which, doubtless, produces
great accuracy of measurement, but seldom excites admir¬
ation.
In a series of ten works Mr. Alfred Ilnnt shows his striking
power of translating Xatnre in her many moods. In tho little
study of “Mont St. Michel” (6) wo have only the winding
steps which lead down to a cottage door painted with a
daintiness and delicacy which Mrs. Allingham might envy;
in “Whitby Smoko” (76) we have one of those studies of
atmosphere of which Mr. Hunt has long shown himself tho
master, of which a still finer example with larger effects is to
be found in his " Whitby from the Sands ” (92) under the pale
moonlight; whilst “Robin Hood’s Bay "(172) affords him a wide
expanse of sea with the jutting headland rising cold and bleak
out of tho silver sea. Iu his “Schloss Elz” (188), nestling
under the lea of a high hill, we liavo a delicate study of
foliage ; and in the “ Way to the Maelstrom ” (196) and from
“The East Pier" (203) the wash of the angry waters is ren-
dored with more energy and movement than wo are accus¬
tomed to find in Mr. Hunt’s work. Mr. Albert Goodall is
scarcely less numerously represented, and in nearly all we see
his wonderful resonrnes iu dealing with clouds and sunlight.
His three most distinctive works are "Pilatus" (33), from its
base, near Stnnstadt; a richly-coloured view of “ Lucca ’’
(1.73). and a grand study of storm-clouds over tho picturesque
“ City of Durham ” (1ST). Mr. Thorne Waite is still as much
at home as ever on the Sussex Downs, producing aerial effects
which few can rival ; but in “ Dividing tho Flock ’’ (22) and
the “ Hampshire Cornfield ” (239) there is too marker! a ten¬
dency to see al! Nature in one yellow tone. Miss Clara
Montalba marks a new departure in her views of Sweden, and
finds in its pale skies subjects well suited toiler style. The first
of the series, “A Swedish Fishing-Village" (78), is a some¬
what daring attempt, and must only ho regarded as a sort of
introductory vignette to her views of “ The Royal Palace at
Stockholm” (IKS). “ Jlarstraml " ( 3'in mi an autumn day.and
“Tho Distant View of Stockholm" (181)—as seen from tho
sea. Tho weak point of Miss Montalba’s work is a certain
monotony in composition— each scene being built up. as it were,
Oil the same scaffolding. It is, therefore, with sincere pleasure
that we see her breaking away, now and then, in such works
as the study of “The Autumn Woods near Naas” (II 1 ') and in
the “ Rough Weather off Marstraml ” (112). where the waves
aro lieating on tho granite headland. Air. Stnocy Marks,
although always painstaking and generally humorous, is
scarcely up to his nsnal lovcl; even “The Casket" (321)—a
min in a buff jerkin and red cap. intent upon tho con¬
tents of tho box be is rifting:—shows more industry than
imagination. Mr. Glindoni, a far itifcrior artist; in a
technical sense, is more likely to hit popular taste by
his ‘*8olo" (19) —*a man laboriously blowing a bassoon—
mid by bis -Height of Fashion" (If), a Indy of the last
century evidently enjoying her clothes. Mr. Charles Robertson,
who is one of the latest ami most promising recruits of the
Old Society, is strongly represented ; but, in spite of his well-
intended English landscapes, one turns with greater satis¬
faction to such highly-finished, brilliantly-coloured studies of
Eastern life as - The Bazaar at Cairo" (119), and the still
moro beautiful “ Harem Door” (209). half hidden amongst the
bright poppies. Amongst the old favourites who show no
falling off in their powers must ho mentioned Mr. William
Colliugwoml. Mrs. Allingham. Mr. William Callow. Mr. Walter
Field. Mr. S. P. Jackson, Mr. Wilmofc Pilsbnry, Mr. Cuthbert
Rigby, Mr. Eyre Walker, and 31r. J. D. Watson ; but their
work calls for no social notice, although it bears witness to
the high standard water-colour painting sustained by the Old
Society. Amongst those who arc less numerously represented,
but whose works deserve, for that reason perhaps, greater
attention, should bo mentioned 3Ir. Matthew Hale. Mr. Tom
Lloyd, Mr. David Murray, Miss Constance Phillott, and 3!iss
Edith Martincau. Many well-known names—those of Mr.
George Boyce, Mr. Carl Iloag, Mr. J. W. North, and others—
arc absent, but those who arc represented well sustain tho
reputation of the society; and the public, at all events, will
have no reason to complain that finished works form the bulk
of the exhibition instead of “ sketches and studies.”
At Messrs. Tooth’s galleries (o and 6, Haymarket) a collec¬
tion of pictures and studies by Mr. Richard Beavis now fills
the outer room. These works are the results of three years’
wanderings in Spain and Portugal, and it must be admitted
that the artist has turned his time to good account. From
Belem Castle, at the mouth of the Tagus, to Barcelona, on the
far-distant cast coast, Mr. Beavis has jogged pleasantly along,
picking up bits of quaint customs, of bold scenery, and of
picturesque antiquities. He has caught with great skill the
bright skies, the graceful inhabitants, .and the arid soil of the
Peninsula; and his views of Cordova, Valencia, Cadiz, and
Malaga will revive pleasant recollections in the minds of
those who have had the good fortune to visit these spots, and
may serve to give a more accurate idea of what Spain really
appears to travellers than the descriptions of the most pains¬
taking writers from Beckford to Mr. O’Shea.
The Committee of the Reform Club have consented to lend
to the approaching exhibition at Burlington House Mr. Frank
Roll's full-length portrait of 31 r. John Bright, which adorns
the Club-house. This portrait, which was painted about half-a-
dozen years ago, belongs to what is known as the artist’s later
style : and Mr. Holl was accustomed to rank it ns one of the
most important and successful of his works. Mr. Bright is
represented seated beside a table, on which arc books and
papers, resting his head upon his hand.
The picture of Wagner in his home at Wahnfriod, painted
by Professor Beckmann, is now on view for a short time at
Messrs. Ibach’s Gallery (113, Ox ford-street ), and will probably
have considerable interest for many of the master’s admirers.
In this family group—which includes Madame Wagner, Abbe
Liszt, and Hans Von Wolzogcn—the incident chosen for the
picture is the moment of the completion of the opera
“Parsifal," of which Liszt holds the manuscript, and con¬
gratulates the composer, who has just risen from the piano.
Wagner is not represented in any of those wonderful garments
of which we hare recently heard so much tittle-tattle, but in
simple velvet coat and white waistcoat; and altogether tho
simple scene gives an idea of Wagner’s domestic life which well
deserves a lasting memorial.
Fraulein von Horschelmann. who comes to this country
from Berlin with the recommendations and good wishes of tho
Empress Frederick and the Court circle, has been giving nn
exhibition of her varied powers. A lectnrc (in French) on the
spirit of the Renaissance was followed by recitations in German,
Italian, and English, all of which, though in different degrees,
seemed to be appreciated by the audience. Our own impres¬
sion is that Fraulein von Horschelmann will do well to
recognise the fact that London lies nearer to Paris than docs
Berlin : and that this proximity, as well as other causes, brings
before English audiences French men and women who deal with
similar subjects. The English ear, moreover, accustomed to
listen to 31. Renan, M. Andrienx, and M. Coquelin. and having
at this moment the confirmers of 3Idllc. Blaze do Buryat their
disposition, will bo scarcely disposed to go in search of French
declamations from one not to the manner born. Fraulein von
Hdrschclmann’s knowledge of the history of art might, wc think,
be advantageously combined with her fluency in German to give
lectures in that language; but to be successful in this country
she mnst resolutely tarn away from that diluted word-painting
which has invaded contemporary German criticism. The
specimen she herself gave—from 3Iadame von Pnttkamer’s
essay, “Chopin and his Art”—scarcely said more in four pages
than the Frenchman who tersely described the exile’s music
and despondency in a foreign land .as " Les larmcs dc la Polognc
6ur l’asphaltc de Paris.”_
3Ir. Francis Fleming, C.M.G., at present administering the
Government of 31auritius, has been appointed Colonial Sec¬
retary of that colony ; and 3rr. Edward Rawle Drayton, a
member of the Executive Council of the island of Grenada.
The Board of Trade have received through the Consul-
General for Sweden and Norway, three silver medals of tho
third class, which have been awarded b.y the Norwegian
Government to J. Z. Guttesen. master, Alfred King, mate, and
Frank Russling, seaman, of tho fishing-smack Volunteer, of
Grimsby, in recognition of their services in rescuing in the
North Sea, in 3Iarch, 1887, two men of the crew of the
wrecked Norwegian vessel Fri, of Fredrikstad.
Miss Lyons, daughter of Major-General Lyons, commanding
the Western District, on Nov. 30 performed the christening
ceremony of the launch, at Devonport. of the Sharpshooter, a
now gun-vessel for the Royal Navy. The Sharpshooter is
similar to the Sandfly and Spider, but of improved construc¬
tion. Her length is 230 ft.; breadth, 27 ft.; displacement,
730 tons. She is built of steel throughout, .and will carry two
30-pounders and four 3-pounder quick-firing guns ; and has on
the bow a torpedo-tube, as well as a pair of torpedo-tubes on
each broadside. The vessel is expected to develop a speed of
twontv-one knots per hour with forced draught.
The following appointments have been gazetted 3fr.
James Joseph Enslie, Consul at Hiogo and Osaka ; Mr. John
James Quiu, Consul at Nagnsaki ; Mr. John Carey Hall, Consul
at Hakodate and Neegata; Mr. Thomas Watters, Consul at
Ncwchwang ; 31r. Alexander Fra ter, Consul at Ningpo; Mr.
Edward Lavington Oxenharn, Consul at Kiungchow ; Mr.
Benjamin Charles George Scott, Consul at Chefoo : .Mr. Colin
Mackenzie Ford, Consul atWuhu ; 31r. Henry Barnes Bristow,
Consul at Chinkiang; and 3Ir. Charles Walter Everard, V:c>
Consul at Pagoda Island.
A handsome brass tablet has been placed in the crypt of
St. Paul’s Cathedral in memory of tho late Field-Marshal
Lord Strathnairn. It was designed and carried out by Messrs.
Frank Smith and Co., of Southampton-street, Strand, and bears
a simple inscription, surrounded by a bordering of laurel-
leaves. aud headed by tho helmet and bannerets of the Royal
Horse Guards, of which regiment tho deceased Field-Marshal
was Colonel. It reminds us, with commendable brevity, that in
the course of a career of sixty-five years Lord Strathnairn
(bettor known as Sir Hugh Rose) took a leading part in some
of the most important events of recent times. The late Field-
Marshal died suddenly, at Paris, on Oct. 10, 1885, at the
advanced age of eighty-four years. Handsome monuments of
granite mark the spot where he and his brother, Sir William
Rose. lie, close together, in tho Priory Churchyard at Christ¬
church, Hants, with which town their family bad been long
connected.
MAYMYO, THE HILL STATION OF
MANDALAY.
Three thousand five hundred feet above the city of Bfandalay,
the capital of Upper Bnrmah. is the pleasant little hill-station
of Maymyo. nestling among the Shan hills. Not long ago an
unpretentious village, it is now an important military \ ost.
with a garrison of European and native troops, to which has
also been added a detachment of Punjauhi police. The trado
of the place has increased since the British occupation, and
the Bazaar, held every five da3‘s, is a scene of bn»3' commercial
activity. To Maymyo come the traders of distant Shan states,
bringing their rice and pickled tea; Panthays from the
further confines of Bnrmah. and the almond-eyed merchant
from far Cathay ; while Shan caravans, with their inter¬
minable trains of neatly-laden pack-bullocks, pass through
weekly on their way to Mandalay.
On bazaar day, Maymyo is seen at its best. Everyone is in
holiday attire, aud tho market-place is thronged with a
heterogeneous crowd, in colours of gorgeous hues, and with
head-dresses of quaint and curious design. Of the latter, a
large, flexible, betasselled straw hat. convertible by tlic aid
of string into a “ Dolly Vardon,” is much affected by mala
dandies as a sort of finishing touch to their silk fur-lined
jackets, and silver-mounted “dahs” or dirks, which arc fre¬
quently of costly and excellent workmanship. The headgear
of the women is somewhat less pretentious. Use, rather than
ornament, appears to be consulted ; and their sugar-loafed hats
of bark, of varied pattern, and consisting almost entirely of
brim, amply fulfil this requirement.
As a hill-station and sanatorium, Maymyo may be said to l.o
in its infancy ; in fact, its future os such is as yet undecided.
It has a possible rival in Koni, a green and salubrious spot,
where pine-trees flourish, away to the south. But the hard-
worked and perspiring toilers of the Golden City are not loth
to ride the forty miles and to climb tlic steep ascent which lie
between them and Maymyo. whenever nn opportunity is offered.
Even two European ladies have ventured so far. and have
braved the discomforts of a long and tedions journey, for tho
sake of a change to a cool climate, and to feast the eye on
vegetation other than tropical. For up here tlio scenery is
more English than Barman. The first arrival of that rarest
apparition in the Shan country, an English lady, created tl.o
keenest interest and excitement in the breasts of the natives.
She was followed everywhere by a gaping and astonished
crowd; and on a market day they all jostled one another to
obtain a good view of this remarkable figure ; while on horse¬
back she filled them still further with awe and wonderment.
In this wild region the lover of orchids will find plenty tc
occupy and amuse him. Within easy distance of the Fort aro
procurable numerous specimens of those interesting plants,
some quaint and uncommon, others merely of local interest,
rich in blossoms, but of no great rarity or value. For a few
annas a coolie will journey to the hills and distant gorges
amidst the mountains, and bring back enough plants to adorn
a bungalow ; and for a few rupees sufficient to stock a
conservatory.
It is to bo hoped that this s‘alion. possessing such a good
climate, and other advantages, will eventually become to Man¬
dalay what Ootacaniund and Darjeeling arc to Madras and
Calcutta. Tho Sketches, and this description of Maymyo. arc
‘by Lieutenant A. E. Congdon, 2nd Battalion Royal Munster
Fusiliers. _
Mr. Sydney Courtauld has presented extensive pleasure-
gardens to the parishes of Braintree and Booking, Essex, and
has also provided for their maintenance by an endowment.
Mr. John L. Child gave a dramatic and miscellaneous
recital atSteinway Ilall, on Dec. 3. and will give another, at the
8.nnc place, on Monday evening, tho J7tb.
Mr. A. A. Hopkins has been appointed Counsel to the Mint
authorities at the Birmingham Sessions, vacant by tlic resigna¬
tion of Mr. Arthur Denman.
The annual cross-country competition between Oxford and
Cambridge Universities was decided on Nov. 30, at Oxford, in a
heavy downpour of rain. The dark Blues won easily, gaining
the first three places. W. rollock-Hill, Keblc, covered tho
eight miles in 47min. 52sec. : A. J. Fowler, Corpus Christi, was
second ; and R. S. Vavnsonr, Worcester, was third.
The late 3Ir. O’Reilly Deasc, of St. Jamcs’s-square, London,
and of Dee Farm, in the county of Louth, who died in tho
month of August, 1887, bequeathed the whole of his estate,
amounting to upwards of £50.000 (subject to legacies to his
solicitor and steward), to tho Treasury, to bo applied towards
the reduction of the National Debt.
A supper to the “ criminal classes,” attended by some two
Hundred discharged prisoners, was given recently in the
Mission Hall, Little Wild-strcct, Drm v-lanc : and a meeting
was afterwards held, which was attended by the Lord Mayor
(accompanied by the Lady 31 avoirs*). the new Chief Com¬
missioner of Police, and a number of other gentlemen.
Archdeacon George Ilcnry Sumner. Prolocutor of the
Lower House of Convocation of Canterbury, and Archdeacon
Douet were consecrated on Nov. 30 at Westminster Abbey,
the first as the Bishop of Guildford, Suffragan of Winchester,
and the second as Assistant-Bishop of Jamaica. Among these
present were the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops of
London, Winchester. Rochester, Marlborough, and several
American prelates. The Ilev. C. Grant preached the sermon.
The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge have drawn iip
regulations for the promotion of home reading and study in
connection with their University extension schemes. The
University extension work in London is carried on by tho
London Society for the Extension of University Teaching, in
conjunction with the Universities’ joint board. The Uni¬
versities’ board arc preparing a similar scheme of home
reading and study for London.
General Sir Henry W. Norman, G.C.B., G.C.3I.G.. C.I.E.,
now Governor of Jamaica, has been appointed Governor of
Queensland. General Norman served in the Army at the siege
of Delhi and the relief of Lucknow, and, after being for eight
years Military Secretary to the Government of India, was
appointed a member of the Council of the Viceroy. Seven
years later he became a member of the India Council, and
resigned that position in the following year, on being appointed
Governor of Jamaica.
The fifth annual meeting of the Church 3Iissionary Society
(Kensington Rural Deanery Association) was held in the
Kensington Townhall on Nov. 30. The Bishop of 3Iarlborough
presided, and, referring to the progress which had been made
in missionary work, said that one hundred years ago there was
not a single missionary in any part of the world, and now
missionary societies and male and female agencies of different
kinds are at work. 31issionary work was not a failure, for
they had eighty colonial bishops and eighty bishops in America,
and the system was perfect in organisation. The Bishop of
Moosonee gave n detailed account of the diocese over which ho
was placed in tho Hudson Bay territory, where they had abont
200 natives who attended services. The Rev. 3fr. Dyson
appealed for more funds to carry on their work.
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
.u mJivS'h m.(
The flrst English Lady In a Shan Bazaar.
Young Shuns with a Weakness for Sweets.
the March.
ETCHES IN BURMAH: MAYMYO, THE IIILL-STATION OP MANDALAY
m | ”11
u\|§
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 8, 1888
osn
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.
BY WALTER BESANT,
ArnioR or “ Dorothy Pomtm," “Chiuibio or tfinco.v"
"Tiie Revolt or Man." "Katharine Heuina," etc.
chapter XLitr.
ItARNABY HEARS THE NEWS.
il~ Master, my patient,
pot up from liis bed
in a few (lav*, sonic-
what pule nml weak
after his copious
blood-letting and the
drastic medicines with
/ 7Z which 1 purged the
i rnssucssof his habit and ex-
, pcllcd the noxious humours
cmsil by his mauyintein-
u i in,. These hud greatly
l what we call —
■ we know not what it
i a r what else to enll it—
tlr | n i n - volatile spirit of the
body, and, so to speak,
. d sour the humor radira/in —
-wet ml nml the balsamical
in --a ilc brain, I gave him
i .'-liii I as was fitting for his
, niliii'iiiidiing him urgently
ilistain from strong liquors,
... -1 it in tin ir moderate use; to
1 driiik "iili with his meals; to
k. - j - la- li' a l cool and solicr. and
cA. iib.iv. all iliings to repress and
govern his ruging temper, which
would otherwise most certainly catch him by the throat, like
some fierce and invisible devil, and throw him into a tit, and so
kill him. I told him also what might be meant by the Wise
Man (who certainly, being inspired, considered all the meanings
which his words could have) when he said that one who is slow
to wrath is of great understanding—meaning, among other
things, that many men do throw away their lives by falling
into excessive fits of rage. Hut I found that the wolds of Holy
Scripture had little authority over him, for he lived without
prayer or praise, trampled oil the laws of God, and gave no
heed at all to the (tight of time or to the comiug of tiie next
world.
For a day or two he followed my injunctions, taking only
a hot He of ole to his breakfast, the same quantity with
his dinner, a pint of Madeira for his supper, and a sober glass
or two before going to bed. But when he grew well, his
brother planters came round him again, the drinking was
renewed, and in the morning I would find him once more with
parched throat, tonguedry, and sliuking hand, ready to belabour,
to curse, and to rail at everybody. If one wanted an example
for the young, to show how strong drink biteth like a
serpent and stiugeth like an adder, here was a ease the sight
of which might have caused all young men to for ever forswear
drunkenness. Alas ! there are plenty of such examples to be
seen in every part of England ; yet the younger men still con¬
tinue to drink, and that, 1 think, worse than their fathers.
This man, however, who was not yet fivc-and-thirty, in the
very prime of strougnudlu-nlthy manhood, already had his finger
joint * swoll. ii and stony from takingmueh wine; he commonly
ate hut little meat, craving continually for more drink; and
his understanding, which was by nature, I doubt not, clear
and strong, was now brutish and stupid. Thinking over this
man and of the power, even unto death, which he possessed
over his servants and slaves, the words came into my mind:
“It is not fot Kings, O Lemuel; it is not for Kiugs to drink
wine, nor for Princes strong drink.“
Nay, more (and this 1 say knowing that many godly men
will not agree with me): 1 am fully persuaded that there is no
mail in the whole world so good and so strong in virtue and
religion that he should be suffered to become the masterordesp.it
over any other man, even over a company of poor and ignorant
bhuks, or a gang of transported thieves. When I think of
our unhappy people, how they were driven forth in the morning,
heavy eyed uu.l downcast, to the hard day’s work; and when 1
remember how they crept home at night, after being driven,
cursed, and beaten all day long; and when I think upon their
drivers, overseers, and masters, and of their hard and callous
hearts, l am moved to cry aloud (if any would hear me) that
to be a slave is wretched, indeed ; but that to own and to drive
slaves is certainly a thing most dnugerous for any who would
continue a member of Christ's Church.
When I told Barnaby the surprising news that his sister
was not only sate, but was a servant like ourselves upon the
same estate, I looked that he would rejoice. On the contrary, he
fell into a strange mood, swearing loudly at this ill stroke, as lie
called it. He said that he never had the least doubt as to her
safety, seeing there were so many in the West Country who
knew and respected her father, and would willingly shelter
her. Then he dwelt upon certain evils—of which. I confess, I
had thought little—which might befall her. And, lastly, he
set forth with great plainness the increased dangers in escaping
when one has to carry a woman or n wounded man — a thing,
he pointed out, which had caused his own capture after
Kedgcmoor.
Then he opened up to me the whole business of our escape
which he had been secretly planning.
“ Isist Saturday night, he said, “while you were sleep¬
ing, 1 made my way to the port, and, having already put into
the place before. I sought out a tavern that 1 knew. It is
hard by the Bridge, a liouse-of-enll for sailors, where I
had the'good fortune to find a fellow who can do for ns all we
want—if his money hold out, which 1 doubt. He is a carver
by trade and a convict, like ourselves; but is permitted by
his master to work at his trade ill the town, 11c hath been,
it is true, branded in the bawl; but, Lord! what signifies
that ? He was once a thief—well—he is now an holiest lad
o on, Baninby. Wo are already in such good compnuy
that another rogue or two matters little.”
"This man came lure secretly last night, while you were
in th ’ siek-house. He is very hot upon getting away. And
liecau-e I am a sailor and can navigate n craft (which he
cannot do), he will take with him not only myself but also all
my party. Now listen. Humphrey. He hath bought a boat of a
Guinea man ill the hnrliour; nml because, to prevent the
escape of servants, every boat is licensed and lier owner has to
give security to the Governor's officers, he hath taken this
boat secretly up n little creek nigh unto his own cottage, and
hath there sunk her three feet deep. The musts, the sails,
th» ours, and the other gear he hath also safely bestowed
in a secret place. So we have a boat; but we cannot sail
without water arid provisions, nor without a compass at least.
If ottr party is to consist of sister, Robin, you, John Nuthnil,
•AU Ra ' rvtJ .
and myself—five in all—we shall have to load up the boat
with previsions, which will cost much money. I looked fur a
boutfull with only ourselves and John Nuthnil. Now we shall
have Sis as well; and the boat is but small. Where shall we
get provisionsand where shall we lay our hands upon the
money to buy wliat we want F”
He could'tolk of nothing else, because his mind was full of
his plan. _ Vet it seemed to me a most desperate enterprise,
thus to launch a small boat upon the wide ocean, and in this
cockle-shell to brave the waves whieh are often fatal to the
idlest ships.
“Tut, man,” said Barnabv. “We are not nmv in the
season of tiie tornadoes, and there is no other danger upon
thes.' seas. I would as lief lie in all open boat as in a brigantine.
Sharks may follow us, but they will not attack a boat;
eatamaries they talk of, big enough to lay their arms round the
boat and so to’drag it under; but such monsters have 1 never
seen, any more than I have seen the great whale of Norway or
the monstrous birds of the Southern Sens. There is only one
danger, Humphrey, my lad.” Here he laid his hand upon
mine and became mighty serious. “ If we are taken we shall
be Hogged— all of us. Thirty-nine lashes they will lay on and
then they will brand us. For myself I value not their thirty-nine
lashes n" brass farthing, nor their branding with a hot iron,
which ran but make a man jump for a day or two. Tome
this risk agniust the chance of escape matters nothing. Why,
when I was cabin-boy I got daily more than thirty-nine lashes,
witli kicks, cuffs, and rope’s-ending in addition. Nay, I re¬
member, when we sat over thcl.atin syntax together my daily
ration must have been at least thirty-nine, more or less, and
1 lari’s arm was stronger than you would judge to look at
hint. If they catch me, let them lay on their thirty-nine and
be damned to them! But you and Robin, 1 doubt, think
otherwise.”
“ I would not willingly be flogged, Bnmnby, if there were
any wav of escape—even by death.”
“So I thought: So I thought! ”
“And as for Robin, if lie recovers, which I doubt, lie too,
if I know him, would rather be killed than be Hogged.”
“ That comes of going to Oxford! ” said Barnaby. “ And
then there is Sis. Humphrey, my lad, it goes to my heart to
think of that poor girl, stripped to be lashed like a black
slave or u Bristol drab.”
" Barnaby, she must never run that dreadful risk.”
“ Then she must remain behind, and here she runs that
risk every day. Wlmt prevents yon drunken sot—the taste
of that cudgel'still sticks in my gizzard l—l say, what prevents
him from tying her up to-day or to-morrow, or every day F"
“ Barnaby, she must never run that risk, for if wo are
caught”-- 1 stopped.
“ Before we are caught, you would snv, Humphrey. We
are of the same mind, then. But who is to kill her? Not
Ilobin, for he loves her ; not you, because you have too great
a kindness for her. Not L, because I am her brother. What
should I say to my mother when I meet lier after we are dead,
and she asks me who killed Alice F”
“ Barnaby, if slic is to die, let us all die together.”
“Why,” he replied, “though I have, I confess, no great
stomach for dying; yet, since we have got lier with us, it must
so be done. 'Tis easy to let the water into the boat, and in
three minutes, with no suspicion at all, and my mother never
to know anything about it, Alice will have said her last
prayers and we shall be all sinking to the bottom together
with never a gasp left.”
1 took him after this talk to the sick-house, where Alice was
beginning her second night of nursing the sick man. Barnaby
saluted his sister as briefly as if her presence was the tiling lie
most expected.
The room was lit by a born lanthorn containing a great
candle, which gave enough light to. see Ilobin on the bed and
Alice standing beside him. The woman called Deb was sitting
on the floor wrapped in her rug.
“ Sis,” said Barnaby, “ I have heard from Humphrey liow
thou wast cozened out of thy money and enticed on board
ship. Well, this world is full of villains, and I doubt whether
I shall live to kill them all. Two 1 must kill; that is
certain. Patience, therefore, and no more upon this head.
Well, Sis, dost love to be a servant F ”
"Surely not, Barnaby.”
“ Wouldst like to get thy freedom again F ”
“ 1 know not the meaning of thy words, Brother. Madam
says that those who have interest at home may procure pardons
for their friends in the Plantations. Also that those whose
friends have money may buy their freedom from servitude. J
am sure that Mr. Boseorel would willingly do this for Robin
and for Humphrey; but for mysclf-how cun. I ask him ? How
can 1 ever let him know where 1 am and in wliat condition ? ”
“ Ay, ay, but I meant not that way. Child, wilt thou trust
thyself to us? ”
She looked nt Robin. “ I ennnot leave him,” she said.
“No, no; we shall wait until he is dead—or, perhaps,
till ho hath recovered.” But ho only added this to please his
sister. “ When he is well again, Sis, thou wilt not be afraid
to trust thyself.with us ? ”
" I am not afraid of any danger, even of death, with you,
if that is the danger in your mind, llaruaby.”
“Good: Then we understand eaeli other. There arc other
dangers for a young and handsome woman—and- may be,
dangers worse than death. Hast any money at nil, by chance? ”
“ Nay: the man Penue took all my money ! ” '
Barnaby for five- or six minutes without stopping spoke
■upon this topic after the manner of a sailor. “ My turn will
come,” he added. “No money, Child ? 'Tis a great pity. Had
we a few gold pieces now! Some women have rings and chains.
But. of course --
“ Nay, Brother; chains I never had, and as for rings there
were but two that ever I had—one from Ilobin, the dny that I
was plighted to him; and one from the man who made me
marry him, and put it on in the church. The former did I
break and throw nwav when I agreed—for your dear lives—
.Barnaby, oh ! for the lives of all ”-
“ I know, I know,” said Barnabv. “ Patience—patience.
Oh! I shall get such a chance some day"
“ The other I threw away when I fled, from my husband at
the church door.”
“ Ay, ay. If wo only had a little money 1 'Tis pity that
wo should fail for want of a little money.”
“ Why,” said Alice, “ 1 had quite forgotten. I have some¬
thing—I have a third ring—that may bring money.” She
pulled from her neck a black ribbon on which was a little
leathern bag. “ 'Tis the ring the Duke gave me at llcbcster
long ago. I have never parted with it. ‘ God grant.’ he said,
when he gave it to me, ‘ that it may bring thee luck.’ Will
the ring help, Barnaby?”
I took it first from her hand.
“ Why." I said, “ it is truly a sweet and costly ring. Jewels
1 know and have studied, if I mistake not, these emeralds
must be worth a great sum. But how shall we dispose of so
valuable a ring in this ploee. and without causing suspicion ? ”
“ Give it to me.” Barnaby took it, looked at it, and laid
it, bag and all, in bis pocket. “There are at tbc|iort merchants
of all kinds, who will buy a ship's cargo of sugar one minute
un.l the next will sell you a red herring. They will readily
advance money upon a ring. As for suspicion, there ore
hundreds of convicts and servants here. ”l’is but to enll the
ring- the property of sueli a one nud no questions will be.
asked. My Iricn'd John Nuthall, the carver, shall do this for
us. And now. Sis, I think that our business is as good as
done. Have no fear; we shall get away. First get Robin
well and then ”- Here Barnaby gazcil upon her face with
affection and with pity. “ But, Sister, understand rightly:
’tis no child’s play of hide and seek. ’Tis life or death :-life
or death 1 If we fly we must never com - back ! understand
that well.”
“.Since we are In the Lord's hands, Brother, why should
we fear F Take me with you ; let me die, if yon must die; nml
if you live I am content to live with you, so that my husband
may never find me out.”
CHAPTER XL1V.
A SCARE.
There is between the condition of the mind and that of the
body an interdependence whieh cannot but be recognised by
every physician. So greatly has this connection affected ionic
of the modern physicians ns to cause doubts in their minds
whether there be any life at nil hereafter, or if, when the pulse
ceases to beat, the whole man doth not become a dead nud sense¬
less lump of clay. In this they confuse the immortal soul with
the perishable instruments of brain and body, through which in
life it manifests its being and betrays its true nature, whether
of good or ill.
Thus, the condition in which Robin now lay clearly corre¬
sponded, as I now understand, with the state of his mind
induced by the news that Alice, to save liis life, had been
betrayed into marrying his cousin. For, nt the hearing of
that dreadful news lie was seized, as I have already said,
with such a transport of rage (not against that poor inno¬
cent victim, but ojainst his cousin) as threatened to throw
him into madness; and, on recovering from tills access,
he presently fell into a kind of despair, iu which lie
languished during the whole voyage. So also in a corre¬
sponding manner, after a fever the violence of which was like
to have torn him to pieces, he fell into a lethargy in which,
though his fever left him, he continued to wander iu his mind,
and grew, as I could not fail to mark, daily weaker in his body,
refusing to eat, though Alice brought him dainty broth of
chicken, delicate panadas of bread and butter, limit boiled
with sugar, and other things fit to tempt a sick man’s appetite,
provided by the goodness of Madam. This lady was ill religion
a llomanist; by birth she was a Spanish Quadroon. To escape
the slavery to whieh the colour of her grandmother doomed her,
she escaped from Cuba and found her way to this island of
Barbados, where she met with our master. And whether she
was lawfully married unto him or uo 1 will not, after her
kindness to Alice and her faithfulness to myself as regards
Robin, so much as ask.
Robin, therefore, though the fever left him, did not m. nd.
On the contrary, as I have said, he grew daily weaker; so that I
marvelled nt his lasting so long, and looked to see him die, ns
so many die, in the early morning, when there is a sharpness
or eagerness in the air, and the body is exhausted by long
sleep. Yet he died not.
And now you shall hear liow, through the Puke of
Monmouth's ring, we escaped from our servitude. “God
grant,” said the Duke, “ that it bring thee good luck.” This
was a light and unconsidered prayer, forgotten ns soon as
tittered, meant only to please the ear of a child. And yet, in
a manner most marvellous to consider, it proved the salvation
of us all. What better luck could that ring cause than that
we should escape from the land of Egypt—the House of
Bondage ?
“1 have disposed of the ring,” Barnaby told me a few days
later. “ That is to say, John Nuthall hath secretly pledged it
with a merchant for twenty guineas. He said that the ring
belonged to a convict, but ninny of them have brought such
precious tilings with them in order to buy their freedom. The
merchant owned that the stones are line, and very willingly
gave the money on their security."
“ Then nothing remains,” 1 said, "but to get away.”
“John Nuthall has bought provisions and all wc want
little by little, so as to excite no suspicion. They arc secretly
and safely bestowed in liis cottage, and half the money still
remains in his hands. How goes Robin F ”
“ He draws daily nearer to his grave. Wc cannot elepait
until either be mends or dies. ’Tis another disaster. Barnaby.”
“ Ay ; but of disaster we must not think. Robin will die.
Yet our own case may be as bud if it comes to scuttling the
ship. Cheer up. lad; manv men die, yet the world goes round.
Poor Robin ! Every man for himself, and the Isird for us all.
Sis will cry; but even if Robin recovers he cannot marry her,
a consideration which ought to comfort her. And f.ir him—
since nothing else will serve him—it is best that lie should die.
Better make an end at once than go all his life with hanging
head for the sake of a woman, ns if there are not plenty women
in the world to-serve his turn.”
“ I know not what ails him that lie doth not get better.
The air is too hot for him; he hath lost his appetite.
Barnaby,” I cried, moved to a sudden passion of pity such
as would often seize tne at that time, “ saw one ever ruin more
complete than ours? Had we been fighting for Spain and the
accursed Inquisition we could not have been more heavily
puuished. And we were fighting on the Lord's side ! ”
“ We were—Dad was with us, too. And see liow he was
served! The Lord, it seems, doth not provide His servants
with arms, or with ammunition, or with commanders. Other¬
wise, the Duke this dny would be in St. James’s l’alnec wear¬
ing liis father's crown, and you would be a Court Hiysieinti
with a great wig and a velvet coat, instead of n Monmouth cop
nml a canvas shirt. And I should be an Admiral. But wliat
doth it profit to ask whv and wherefore? Lot us first get.
clear of the wreck. WellI wish we were to take ltobiu with
us. ’Twill be but a poor business going back to Bradford
Orens without him.”
We waited, therefore, day after day, for Robin either to g. t
better or to die. mid still he lingered, seemingly in a waste or
decline; but such as I had never before seen, and 1 know not
what would have happened to him, whether he would have
lived or died, but then there happened n thing whieh caused
us to wait no longer. Thus it began.
The master, haring, according to his daily custom, gone the
round of his estate—that is to say, having seen his servants all
nt work under their drivers ; some planting with the lioc,
some weeding, some cutting the maize, some gathering
yams, potatoes, cassavie, or bounvi-t for provisions, some
attending tiie Ingenio or the still-house —did unluckily
take into his head to visit the nick-house. What was
more unfortunate, this desire came upon him after he
had taken a morning dram, and that of the stillest; not,
indeed, enough to make him drunk, but enough to moke biro
obstinate and wilful. When I saw him standing at the open
door. I perceived by the glossiness of bis eyes and the
unsteadiness of his shoulders that lie had already begun the
day’s debauch. He was now iu a most dangerous condition of
TUE JI^LUSTBATED LQNDQN NEW
draw:
FORESTIEH.
’Stand back /*’ cr\cd Dama.bg, pushing
aside. “ Lea\
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.
-BY WALTER BESANT.
HIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
fiS 2
t)EC. 8, 1888
mind. Later in the day, when lie was more advanced in
drink, he might be violent but he would be much less danger¬
ous, because lie would afterwards forget what he had said or
done in his cups.
“ so, Sir Doctor," he said, “ 1 have truly a profitable pair
of servants - one who pretends to cure everybody and so
escapes work, and your cousin, who pretends to be sick and
«o will do none ! A mighty bargain I made, trulv, when I
bought von both 1"
• With submission. Sir," I said, “I have within the last
week earned for your Honour ten guineas’-worth of fees.”
“Well, that is as it maybe. How do I know what hath
gone into your own pocket ? Where is this malingering
fellow ;• Make him sit up ! Sit up, I say, ye skulking dog!
sit up ! "
"Sir,” I said, still speaking with the greatest humility,
"nobody but the Isird can make this man sit up.” And,
indeed, Robin did not comprehend one word that was said.
" I gave fifty pounds for him only a month ago. Am I to
los’ all that money, I ask ? Fifty pounds ! because I was told
that he was a gentleman aud would be ransomed by Ills family.
Hark ye, Master Physician, you must either cure this man for
me—or else, by the Lord! you shall have his ransom added to
your own. If lie-dim, I will double your price! Mark that! ”
I said nothing, hoping that he would depart. As for Alice,
she lmd turned her bn-k upon liiin at his first appearance (as
Madam had ordered her to do), so that he might not notice
Unfortunately he did not depart, bnt came into the room
looking about him. Certainly he was not one who would
suffer his sir. 1 ’nuts to be negligent, even in the smallest things.
“ Hero is truly fine work!" lie said. “ Sheets of the best—
a pillow; what hath a servant to do with such luxuries?”
“ My cousin is a gentleman,” I told him, “ and accustomed
to lie in linen. The rug which is enough for him ill health
must have a sheet to it os well, now that he is sick.”
‘‘Humph! And whom have wo here? Who art thou,
Malum, I wish to know?"
Alice turned.
“ I uni your honour's servant,” she said. "I am employed
in this sick-house when I am not in the sewing-room.”
“A servant? Oh! Madam, 1 humbly crave your pardon.
11 ok vou for some fine lndv. I am honoured by having sueli
a servant. All the rest of my women servants go in plain
smock and petticoat. But.” here lie smiled, “to so lovely a
woman as Mistress Alice Kykiu—fair Alice, sweet Alice—we
must give the bravest and daintiest. To thee, my dear, nothing
can be denied. Those dainty cheeks, those white hands, were
never made to adorn a common coif. Mistress Alice, we must bo
better acquainted. This is no fit place for thee. Not the siek-
liousr, but the best room iu my house shall be at tliy service.”
“ Sir, 1 ask for nothing but to sit retired, and to render
such service as is in my power.”
“To sit retired? Why. that cannot be longer suffered.
'Twould be u sin to keep hidden any longer this treasure—this
marvel, I say, of beauty and pin e. My servant! Nay; ’t is
I—'tis the whole island—who are thy servants. Thou to render
service! ’Tis for me, Madam, to render service to thy beauty.”
He took off his fiat and flourished it, making a leg.
“Then, Sir," said Alice, “suffer me, 1 pray, to go about
my business, which is with this sick man, and not to hear
compliments.”
He caught her hand and would have kissed it, but she drew
it hark.
“Nay, coy damsel,” hr said; “I swear I will not go
without a kiss from thy lips ! Kiss me, my dear.”
She started buck, and I rushed between them. At that
moment Madam herself appeared.
" What do you here ? ” she cried, catching the Master’s arm.
“ What has this girl to do with you ? Come away ! Como
away and leave her in peace
“ (do back to the house, woman!” he roared, breaking from
her and flourishing his stick, so that I thought he vvas actually
going to cudgel tier. "Go back, or it will be the worse for
thee. What ? Am I mnxti r here or art thou ? Go back, I say.”
Then a strange thing happem d. She mode no reply, but
she tumid upon him eyes so full of authority that she looked
like a Queen. 11c shifted his feet, made as if he would speak,
aud finally went out of the place to his own house with the
greatest meekness, loberness, and quietuiss.
Presently Madam came back.
" I blame thee not, Child,” she said. “ It is with him as I
have told thee. When he begins to drink the Devil enters into
him. Dost think he came here to see the sick mail ? No, but
for thy fair eyes, being inflamed with love as well as with drink.
At such times no one can rule him but myself, and even I may
fail. Keep snug, therefore. Perhaps he may forget thee
again. But, indeed, I know not.”
She sighed, and left us.
CHAPTER XLV.
BARNABY THE AVKNGER.
The man did not come back. During the whole day I re¬
mained with Alice in fear. But he molested us not.
When the sun set, aud the field hands returned, I was in
two minds whether to tell Bamnby what had happened, or
not. But when I saw his honest face, streaked with the dust
of the day's work, and watched him eating his lump of salt
beef aud basin of yellow porridge with as much satisfaction ns
if it had been a banquet of all the dainties, I could not bear,
without greater cause, to disturb liis mind.
“ To-night,” lie told me, when there vvas no more beef and
the porridge was aU eaten, “there 5s a great feast at the
Bridge. I would we had some of their Sherris and Madeira.
The Governor of Nevis lauded yesterday, aud is entertained
to-dav by our Governor. All the militia are feasting, officers
and men; nobody will be on the look-out anywhere; and it is
a dark uiglit, with no moon. What a chance for us, could
wo make our escape to-night! There may never aguin happen
such a chalice for us '. How goes Robin ? "
And so. nftor a little more talk, we lay down, and I. for one,
fell instantly asleep, having now no fear at all for Alice; first,
because the Master would be gone, 1 thought, to the Bridge,
feasting, and would come home too drunk for nnytliing bnt to
sleep; and next, because she had with her the woman Deb, aj
stout and lusty as any man.
llut the Master was not nt the Bridge with the rest of the
plniitere and gentlemen. Perhaps the drink which he took in
the morning caused him to forget the great banquet. How¬
ever that may be, he was, most unluckily for himself, drinking
nt home and idonc, yet dressed iu his best coot and wig and
with bis sword, all of which he had put ou for the Governor’s
banquet.
After a while, the Devil entered into him, finding easy
admission, to to speak, idl doors thrown wide open, and even u
welcome in Hint deboshed anil profligate soul. About eight
o’clock, therefore, prompt i d by tho Evil One, the Master ro. e
and stealthily crept out of the house.
It was u’tlork night, but he needed no light to guide
fa Is footsteps. He crossed tho court and made straight fur the
sick-housc.
He gently pushed the door open and stood for a little look¬
ing within. By the light of the horn lanthom lie saw the girl
whose image was in his mind. The sight might have caused
him to return, repentant und ashamed. For she was on her
knees, praying aloud beside the bedside of the sick man.
As he stood iu the door the woman named Deb, who lay
upon the floor asleep, woke up and raised her head. But
lie saw her not. Then she sat up, watching him with sus¬
picion. But his eyes were fixed on the figure of Alice. Then
she sprang to her feet, for now she knew that mischief was
meant, and she stood in readiness, but in the dark, unseen,
prepared with her great strong arms to defend her mistress.
But he thought nobody was iu the house but Alice and tho
sick man. He saw nothing but the girl at the bedside.
I say that I was sleeping. I was awakened at the sound of
a shriek—I knew the voice—I sprang to my feet.
“God of mercy!” I cried, "it is Alice! Bamaby,
awake!—awake, 1 say ! It is the cry of Alice ! ”
Then I rushed to the sick-house.
There I saw Alice—shrieking and crying fur help. And
before her the Master straggling and wrestling with the woman
Deb. She had her arms round liis neck and made as if she was
trying to throttle him. Nay, I think that she would have
throttled him, so strong she was and possessed of such a spirit,
and by the light of the lanthom gleaming upon the blade I
raw that his sword had either fallen from his hand or from the
scabbard, and now lay upon the floor.
“ Stand back ! ” cried Bamaby, pushing me aside. “ Leave
thy hold of him, woman. Let me deal with him.”
The thing was done in a moment. Merciful Heavens ! To
think that thus suddenly should the soul of man be colled to
its account! I had seen the poor fellows shot down and cut to
pieces on Sedgemoor, but then they knew that they were going
forth to fight aud so might be killed. There was time before
the battle for preparation and a prayer. But this man had no
preparation—and he was more than half drunk, as well.
He lay at our feet, seemingly lifeless, Bamaby standing
over him with the broken sword in his hand.
For a while, no one spoke or moved. But the woman
called Deb gasped and panted and even laughed, as one who
is well pleased because she hath had her revenge.
Then Madam herself, clad in a long white night-dress and
with bare feet, suddenly pushed us aside and fell upon her
knees beside the wounded man.
She lifted his head. The face was pale and the eyes
closed. She laid it gently down and looked round.
“ Vou have killod him,” she said, speaking not in any rage
or passion, but quietlv. “ You have killed him. To-morrow,
you shall hang! you shall all hang ! ”
We said nothing. To me, indeed, it seemed pretty certain
that we should aU hang.
“Doctor,” she turned to me, “tell me if ho is dead or
She took down the lanthom and hold it while I made bucIi
examination as was possible. I opened the wounded mail’s
waistcoat and laid back his shirt. The sword had run straight
through him and had been broken off Bhort, perhaps by con¬
tact with liis ribs. The broken point remained in the wound
and the flesh hod closed around it so that, save for a drop or
two oozing out, there was no flow of blood.
It needs not great knowledge of surgery to understand
that when a man hath six inches of steel in liis body which
cannot be pulled out, and when he is bleeding Inwardly, lie
must die.
Still, as physicians use, I did not tell her so.
“ Mndnm,” I said. “ lie is not dead. He is living. While
there is life there is hope.”
“ Oh ! ” she cried ; “ why did he buy you when he could
have had the common sort? But you shall hang—you shall
hang, everyone! ”
“ That will we presently discover,” said Bamnby. “ Hum¬
phrey, we hnve now no choice left—what did I tell thee about
the chances of the night ? We must go this night. As for this
villain, let him bleed to death.”
“ Go ? ” said Madam. “ Whither, unhappy men, will you
go ? There is no piece in the islnnd where you can hide, but
with bloodhounds they will have you out. You can go nowhere
in this island but you will be found and hanged, unless you are
shot like rats in a hole.”
“Come, Humphrey,” said Bamnby, “ we will carry Robin.
This poor woman must go too ; she will else be hanged for
trying to throttle him. Come, Deb. Well, thou const lend a
hand to carry Robin. Madam, by your leave we will not bang,
nor will be shot. Iu the—in the—the cave—cave ” (he nodded
liis head with a cunning look), “ the cave,” he repeated, “ that
I know of your bloodhounds will never find us.”
"Madam,” I said, “it is true that we shall attempt to
escape. For what hath happened I am truly sorry; yet we
may not suffer such n thing as was this night attempted with¬
out resistance, else should we be worse than the ignorant
blacks. The Muster will perhaps live, and not die. Listen,
and take heed therefore.”
“ Doctor," she cried, “ do not leave me. Stay with me, or
lie will die. Doctor, stay with me, and I will save your life.
I will swear that you came at my call. Stay with me—I will
save Alice ns well. I will save you both, I swear it. Y'ou shall
be neither flogged nor hanged. I swear it. I will say that I
called you for help when it was too late. Only this man and
this woman shall hang. Who are they ? A rogue and ”-
Bamaby laughed aloud.
“ Doctor,” she entreated, falling at my feet, “if you stay
he will perhaps recover. Then he will forgive you all.”
Bamaby laughed again.
“Madam,” I told her, “bitter death upon the gallows
than any further terra of life with such a man.”
“ Oh ! " she cried. “ He will die where he is lying.' ”
“Thatmay be, I knownot.” I gave her, therefore, directions,
bidding her, above all, watch the man, and cause him to lie
perfectly quiet, and not to speak a word, even iu a whisper,
and to give him a few drops of cordial from time to time.
“ Come,” Said Bamaby, “ we lose time, which is precious.
Madam, if your husband recover—and for my part I cure
nothing whether he recover or whether he die—but if he
should recover, tell him from me, Captain Bamaby Eykin,
that I shall very likely, in a year or two, return to this island,
and that I will then, the Lord helping, kill him in fair duello,
to wipe out the taste of the cudgel which lie was good enough
once to lay about my head. If he dies of this thrust with his
own sword, he must lay that to the account of my Sister.
Enough,” said Bamaby, “ wc will now-mukoour wny to the—
to tlie woods and to the cave.”
This soul, Bamnby went to the head of Robin’s bed and
ordered Deb to take the foot, and so between them they
carried him forth with them, while Alice followed and I went
last.
We heard, long afterwards, through one Mr. Anstiss, the
same young gentleman who loved Alice and would have
mnrrieil her, what happened • when we were gone. An
hour or thereabouts afterwards. Madam woke up one of the
overseers, telling him what had befallen the Master, and
bidding him be ready at daybreak, with the bloodhounds,
horses, and loaded 6uns, to follow in pursuit and bring us
back.
'There would be, they thought, no difficulty at all in catch¬
ing us, because we were encumbered by a sick man and two
women.
There was, however, more difficulty than they expected.
For the footsteps led the bloodhounds to the seashore; aud
here the trace was lost, nor could it ever be afterwards re¬
covered. And though the hue find cry wasspeedily out over nil
the island, and the woods and the ravines and caves where run¬
away negroes hide were searched, we were never found. There¬
fore, since no boat at all was missing (the Guinea man had
sailed away), it was certain that we rould not have escaped by
sea. It was fortunate, indeed, that Bamnby dropped no hint
about the sea; otherwise there would have been dispatched
■ nme of the boats of the port in search of us, and in that
case the scuttling of the ship might have been necessary.
For, had we been caught, we stoald certainly have been bunged
for murder, after being flogged for attempted escape. Because
the Master died, lie lay speechless until the day broke. Then
he became conscious and presently breathed liis last in grent
anguish of body mid terror of mind. AVliat hath since become
of Madam and of that miserable family of overseers, drivers,
servants, and slaves, I know not. Certain it is that they could
not find a more barbarous or a more savage master in place of
him whom Bamaby slew if they were to search the whole of
the Spanish Main anl the islands upon it.
Mr. Unlli, a Liverpool merchant residing at St. Asaph’s,
has offered to contribute £300 towards the expenses incidental
to tho establishment of a dairy school in Flintshire.
The Birmingham and Midland Eye Hospital has received
£3000 from an anonymous donor, £4000 to be devoted to
paying off tho existing debt on the hospital, and £1000 towards
current expenditure.
The sixth annual exhibition of the Royal Cambrian
Academy of Art, held at Plus Mawr, Conway, closed on
Nov. 2li after a highly satisfactory season, over 8000 visitors,
excluding season-ticket holders, having passed the turnstile.
The chief attraction of Ihe exhibition, apart from the interest¬
ing medieval mansion of Plas Mawr, were the works of Sir
J. Millais, Mr. G. F. Watts, Mr. H. Stacey Marks, and other
honorary members. The sales amounted to £1715.
REW TALE BY MR. RIDER HAGGARD.
The first Instalment of a New Serial Story, of absorbing
interest, entitled CLEOPATRA (being an Account of the
Foil and Vengeance of JIarmachis, the Royal Egyptian, as
set- forth by his own hand), written by H. Rider Haggard
expressly for this Paper, and Illustrated by R. CATOS
W00DVILLE, will be giren in the ymo bee for Jan. 3, 1889,
beginning a aVero Volume.
Row Publishing,
OUR CHRISTMAS NUMBER
COMPLETE STORY by D. CHRISTIE MURRAY,
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TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
G83
MAGAZINES FOR DECEMBER.
Xineteenth Century.—"So fivsh subject of urgent interest
obtains discussion this month, unless it be the Presidential
election in America, treated by Sir Lyon Playfair; while Mr.
Frederick Greenwood, on the recent change in European
affairs, has little new to say, but that lie knows the young
Emperor of Germany to be no friend of England, and regrets
that England has declined to join the German - Austrian -
Italian alliance. Mr. J. Theodora Bent has viewed from
Patiuos the scene of many volcanic eruptions in the isles
of Thera and San tori n, which he suggests may have furnished
some of the imagery in the reputed Apocalyptic vision of St.
John the Apostle. Soldiers’ food-rations and their cooking
arc discussed by Mr. Archibald Forbes. Dr. C. Lloyd Tuckey
describes the curative or alleviating treatment of some diseases
by the aid of mental influence applied in the hypnotic con¬
dition. as practised at Nancy by the French physician, Dr.
Liebault, which is the scientific method of “faith-healing.”
The observations of Lord Eustace Cecil, in a visit to Japan,
and Lady Blake’s notes on the Bcothuks. the aboriginal natives
of Newfoundland, are papers of an attractive kind.
Contt w poeary lleriew. —Mr. Frederic Harrison, in an
“ Apical to Liberal Unionists.” recites the manifold iniquities
of past rule in Ireland, and denounces the present administra¬
tion as if it were equally oppressive. The ethnological and
geographical aspects of Indian government arc the theme of
an effective essay, by Sir W. W. Hunter. The Bishop of Wake¬
field. from his experience as Suffragan of the London diocese,
supplies valuable information concerning the social condition
of the East-End. The controversy with Professor Max Muller
on the identity of thought ami language is resumed by the
Duke of Argyll. The unique position and character of West¬
minster Ahhev. as a treasury of English historical monuments
and associations, inspire Archdeacon Farrar to an earnest plead¬
ing for its preservation, and for the projected additional cloister
or chapel. Mr. R. W. Dale continues the record of his impres¬
sions of the Australian colonies. The future prospects and
resources of our fowl-supply are examined by Mr. J. W. Cross.
Fortnight!y Urrinr .—Lord Wolseley's testimony and com¬
mentary on the quality of negroes as soldiers, when strictly
trained under severe discipline, should beof military importance.
M. Jules Simon, an esteemed French writer on social morality,
defends the female sex in bis nation against wholesale censures
of their domestic life, and asserts the existence of “eighteen
millions of virtuous Frenchwomen.” Mr. A. W. Stirling’s
opportune explanation of the political situation of Queens¬
land shows the significance of the recent dispute
with our Government on the appointment of
Sir Henry Blake without consulting the Queens¬
land constitutional authorities, while it exhibits
the present division of parties in that colony,
and reveals the growth in Australia of a de¬
cided spirit of independence; and this article
may be commended to the attention of theorists
who indulge the fancy of a more binding
“ Imperial Federation.” It is followed by Mr.
Walter Pater’s critical disquisition on the artistic
qualities of literary style : a concise account, by
Mr. Stephen Wheeler, of the Black Mountain
campaign; Sir Henry Pottinger’s experiences of
wild shooting sport in Norway ; further con¬
troversy lietween Canon Isaac Taylor and the
Church Missionary Society about the financial
details of its management; an article on Rou¬
manian politically Mr. J. D. Bonrchier; and
Professor Tyndall's narrative of the measures
adopted, on his advice, for the lighthouse service
of the Irish coasts, which have been the subject
of much debate.
Xational llerieu'. —The problem of destitu¬
tion, and that of idleness and vice, which arc
not precisely identical or coincident, are treated
by three writers : .Airs. S. A. Barnett, on “East
London and Crime”; Bishop Brotnby, on “IJic
Sinking and the Sunken.” prescribing industrial
schools, Government action to relieve trade of
locally congested lalxiur. and assisted systematic
emigration ; and Mr. H. G. Tregarthen, on the
organisation of unpaid agencies of visitation
relief, long established at Kllierfeld. in Pi n
Art,” which is the subject of ft learned
Chaloncr-SmiQi. here reviewed by Canon W,
is that of mezzotint engraving, a process declared to have beeu
practised in England more skilfully and successfully than in
any other country, ami especially suitable for the repro¬
duction of portraits. Mr. \V. Earl Hodgson prognosticates
good results to the Conservative Party in Scotland from Lord
Salisbury's visit to Edinburgh. Professor Lewis Campbell,
who has studied Shakspcare as deeply ns Sophocles, examines
“King Lear" for indications of dramatic motive and purpose
hitherto overlooked. Lay agency to help the ministry of the
Church is recommended by the Rev. G. Huntington ; Mr. H.G.
Keene upholds the social benefit of the institution of marriage;
the working of the great London hospitals is investigated by
Mr. A. O'Donnell Bart holey ns: Mr. E. Strachan Morgan gives
an account of the Monte di Piet a. or State pawnbroking office,
in Papal Rome ; and there is an article on farming prospects,
on low prices, and foreign imports.
Macmillan $ Magazine. —M r. Bret Ilarto'sstory of ** Crcssy ”
is concluded. A military contributor describes the manner in
which the German soldier is drilled and taught. An accom¬
plished scholar, poet, and gentleman of the seventeenth cen¬
tury, Sir Richard Fanshawe, is the subject of an agreeable
notice by Mr. J. W. Mackail. “Names in Fiction," by Mr.
George Saintsbnry, is a pleasant literary essay. There is an
Italian idyll, in verse, call “Sandro Gallotti”; a political
article on Russia and England ; one treating of bi-metal lie
monetary standards ; a critical estimate of Mrs. Browning's
poetry ; an attempt, by Mr. Hallam Tennyson, to render
‘ Bersicos odi ” in English sapphics, which are very faulty in
metre; and some chapters of “ Marooned,” the latest sea
romance of Mr. Clark Russell.
J/#r/v nj* Magazine. —The excessive multiplication of new
books, many of them worth reading, but which no one has
time to read, and which cannot pay the authors or the pub¬
lishers, is justly lamented by Mr." Alexander Innes Shand.
Character in Children” is thoughtfully considered with a
view to education. Mr. Alfred Pollard pleads for fair salaries
to lady teachers. The Rev. II. W. Rawnsley, the poet of
bonuets Round the Const,” describes in prose a great flood
a the Vale of Keswick. Thd historical notices of old English
music, by A. M. Wakefield, deal now with the Carols. Mr. II.
u. llomilly reports enrions instances of sorcery and other
superstitions j n New Guinea. The talcs of “A Good Old
ami jy, and “ The Reproach of Annesley," are continued.
inn ;? r ** rt Magazine ( Christmas). — Mr. Walter Besant
ppnes to this excellent American magazine a short story
V... •" 1 ". t i‘ e . old - faBhion « 1 English style, entitled ‘-The Last
t ' vh,ch . >» concerned with a crisis in domestic life con-
Wlt ^ tho Armada. >• A Christmas Mystery
“1 the Fifteenth Centnry," by Mr. Theodore Child, of I'iris, is
a minute description of one of the ancient miracle-plays per¬
formed in J<73 at Rouen. Among the American contributions
are one of Mr. \V. D. Howells’ lively little comedies in dialogue
form ; an article on F. S. Church, an eminent American artist •
and tales, poems, and essays by several popular authors, with
many fine engravings.
Scribners Magazine.— Mr. R. L. Stevenson continues his
Scottish story, “ The Master of Ballnntrae,” and also preaches a
kindly and sensible “ Christinas Sermon.” The picturesque in
American scenery is honoured by an account of “ Winter in the
Adirondacks,” with good illustrations ; the beautiful or inter¬
esting in art. by a notice of Sandro Botticelli, and by a treatise
on stained-glass windows, both illustrated by many engravings.
Mr. Lester Wallack’s theatrical and personal reminiscences are
going on; and there is sufficient provision of poetry and of
prose fiction.
The Century. — We naturally turn to an article on
“The Reorganisation of the British Empire,” published at
New York ; and arc pleased to recognise in the writer, Mr.
G. R. Parkin, a frank and cordial spirit of friendly goodwill
towards the continuance of the political connection between
Great Britain and Canada and our other great colonies beyond
the ocean. Mr. George Kennan’s narrative of his long’and
devious journey through Siberia, and his investigations into
the condition of Russian prisoners and exiles, is continued ;
and so is the authentic political history of President Lincoln's
Administration, which draws near the period of his resolve to
emancipate the slaves. The description of London, by 31r.
Henry James, a novelist as popular in England as in tlio
United States, has, of course, an immediate claim on our
readers’attention. Wc confess the truth of his impressions ;
we cannot pretend that Loudon is a bright or elegant city :
but we arc glad that he likes Piccadilly and the Strand, that
be admires the parks, approves of the Thames Embankment,
respects our mctroj>olis as the headquarters of the English-
speaking world, and thinks us a huge, active, good-natured,
unceremonious, rather clumsy, multitudinous community, with
which a sensible American, or any other sensible man, soon
feels himself at home.
English Illustrated Magazine. —An account of the progress
of stage representation of “ Mnclieth,” by 3Iessrs. W. Archer
and R. W. Lowe, treats of Garrick. Mack 1 in, Mrs. Siddous,
Edmund Kean. Macready. Phelps.and Riston, as performers in
that tragedy, and is accompanied by authentic portraits of
actors and actresses in character, and views of scenes at
Covent-Garden Theatre. Tho “Angler’s Song” of Izaak
Walton is given with ten illustrations designed by Mr. Hugh
nd out-door
“ The Black
irk bv Mr. J.
•ery Blackle
ITY OF LONDON CUl’UT.
Thomson; “ The Ferry Girl,” by W. Padgett; “Beatrice and
Hero.” by H. Hyland; “A Study in Chalk,” by Mrs. C. E.
Perugini. and “ Idle Moments.” I»v G. Morton, are drawings of
some merit. “ Snrrey Farmhouses." and “ A Rimblo through
Normandy," afford good subjects for pen and pencil. 31 r. F.
Marion Crawford’s Roman story is continued.
Comhill. —There is a pleasant and instructive discourse on
sheep, by one who has kept them in Australia and Texas as
well ns in this country. “French Janet” and “A Life's
Morning,” proceed with several chapters, the latter to its con¬
clusion. “The Other Englishman” is an interesting short
story, and “ A Piratical F.S.A.,” is an entertaining cruise of an
antiquary among the isles of Greece.
Longman's Magazine. —Mr. William Black narrates the
dismal experience of an nntrainod man of sedentary habits in
Scotch deerstalking. “ A Dangerous Catspaw ” is continued
liy Mr. D. Christie Murray and Mr. Henry Murray. Dr. Andrew
Wilson treats of growing too fat, and the professed cures for
that inconvenience. A short tale of West Coast Africa is
contributed by Miss Werner.
dentleman s Magazine. —The anecdotes of various ways of
dying, collected by Mr. W. II. Davenport-Adams, are curious
but sad. yet “ Moriendum est omnibus ” is a title which can¬
not be denied. Still more grim and dreadful are the Rev. S.
Baring Gould’s historical notices of “The Wheel and the
Gallows.” The tale of “A Stage Undine” is pathetic; the
account of marionette performances is quaintly amusing ; and
“ Shakspcare's Trees” afford a pleasant theme of citation and
comment.
The following magazines can here only be received with
general commendations : “Time,” “Temple Bar,”“ Belgravia,”
“Monthly Packet” Christmas Number, “ Argos.vTinsley’s
Annual,” “Atlantic Monthly,” “ Lippincott’s,” “Woman’s
World,” Atalanta.” " Naval and Military,” “Colburn’s United
Service 3Iagazine.” “ Illustrated Naval and 3Iilitary Magazine,”
“Illustrations.” “Outing.” “Myra's Journal of Dress and
Fashion.” “Good Words,” “Leisure Hour,” and “CaBsell's
Family 3Iagazine.” _
A set of twelve exquisite sepia drawings by l he late Thomas
Stothard, R.A., have been added to the permanent art
collection at Nottingham Castle 3Iascnm, the gift of Mr. Felix
Joseph. Stothard was famous for the illustrations of novels
of his epoch. The Nottingham Museum cow contains a large
number of Stothard drawings presented by Mr. Joseph.
In pursuance of the powers vested in tho Queen by the
Trinidad and Tobago* Act, 1887, her 3Iajcsty has been pleased,
by the advice of her Privy Council, to declare by an order,
bearing date Nov. 17, that from and after Jan. I, 1880, the
colony of Trinidad and its dependencies and the colony of
Tobago, shall be united into and constituted one colony, which
shall be called the Colony of Trinidad and Tobago.
THE NEW CITY OF LONDON COURT.
The new City of London Court, opened on l
by the Lord Maj'or, is situated on tin* south side of Gnibllu
buildings and on tlio west side of B:\singball - street. ; u-1
occupies the site of the old court buildings, the old Land-Tax
Offices, ami the “Tap” of the Guil 1 Die gr< ntul
floor consists of tin; offices foi
upper floor, to the west, is the Judges’ Court, about 4r* ft.
by 28 ft. ; to the cast the Registrar s (/onrt, 38 ft. by 28 It.,
each with a private room attached, and approached by
a separate stair and entrance. The principal an
entrance is in the middle of the facade to Guildhall-buildings.
The building has been designed in the late Gothic style ut
architecture, which was also adopt. <1 for the Guildhall Lib^j
and the New Council Chamber, in order to harmonise wit|^
ancient Guildhall. The south window contains the
bearings of the Lord Mayor; of 31r. B. S. Foster Mnj
chairman of the Law and City Cou
H. H. Bridgman, the late chairman. In the north u
the arms of the City, and of Alderman ; .
Mr. Sheriff Newton.
Mr. Andrew 3Iurray. the architect, deserves mr.TH
for such a suitable hflildiji g., J.
building and fittings was Mr. J. Morter, of Stratloi r
A TRIP ROUND THE WORLD.
A Trip Hound the World in 1887 and 1888. By W. 8. Cain\_
M.P. (G. Rout ledge and Sons).—In the early part of the last
century, when a gentleman travelled with a hired carriage
and post-horses through France or Flanders and Germany to
Italy, as far as Rome and Naples, it was called “the grand
tour.” In less time, and at less expense, one may now go
round the globe, visiting Canada or the United States, Japan
or China, Australia or India, and returning by the Suez Canal,
seeing a little of Egypt, perhaps of Syria and Greece, and
running home through Italy and Germany or France. This is
the “ grand tour ” of these days, which by the aid of steam-ships
and railways can be performed very easily, indeed in a leisurely
manner, with first-class accommodation, at the cost of about
£3.-»o. occupying six months, and stopping to view the most
notable sights. The hon. M.P. for Barrow-in-Fnrncss is not
only a well-known politician, but is also well informed con¬
cerning social, industrial, and commercial affairs, in relation to
which he could gather knowledge of more utility than the mere
descriptions of scenery, and the conjectures or secondhand
opinions, which arc too often rejieatad in books of this kind.
Accompanied by his daughter, he crossed the
__Atlantic to Canada in August. 1887 ; traversed
I the breadth of the North American Continent
by the Canadian Pacific Railway, embarked nt
Vancouver, Oct. 8, for Yokohama, spent a fort¬
night in Japan, visited Hong-Kong and Singa¬
pore. passed ten days in Ceylon, was at Calcutta
on the day before Christmas, saw Benares, Agra,
Delhi, and Jcyporc, stayed a week in Bombay,
and got home in February to his Parliamentary
duties, having been away from England five
months, two weeks, and three days. His letters
written during this course of travelling to a
local newspaper in the town which he repiesents
are collected in the volume before us. They
are good useful reading; and the conciseness
and directness of his style, with the freshness
of his observations, render them more acceptable
than the tedious personal narratives of some
other “globe-trotters.” If any* of onr own
readers have felt that the recent Sketches of onr
Special Artist excite a wish to know a good
deal more about such places ns Calgary and
Banff, at the foot of the Rocky Mountains, and
the Selkirk Range and other grand features of
nature in British Colombia, we would refer
them to Mr. Caine. But he never loses sight of
questions of social welfare: and being a strong
advocate of total abstinence from intoxicating
drink, and of laws prohibiting its sale, his
remarks on the Canadian Local Option Act
of 1878. which has already been adopted
in sixty-three counties and cities, may be encouraging
to those who share his opinions. In British Columbia,
it seems, the consumption of liquor, per head of the popu¬
lation, is nine times greater than it is in Prince Edward’s
Island; but Calgary is a teetotal town, and the people of
Manitoba, on the average throughout that province, drink
only at half tho rate of the people of Ontario. There is
certainly much statistical interest in the results of any such
legislative experiments within the limits of one colonial
dominion; but the western provinces have as yet a scanty
population, ami nobody can predict what they will choose to
do at a future time. The line of steam-ships from Vancouver
to Japan seems to be uncomfortably managed; and, until
there shall be some improvement, travellers will do wisely to
prefer the San Francisco line for their voyage across the
Pacific. 31r. Caine visited the capital city of Tokio (Yeddo), the
temples of Nikko, the port of Kobe, and Kioto, the old capital ;
but his sojourn in Japan was too brief for him to add any¬
thing to our acquaintance with that attractive country and
agreeable nation. He shows an instructed taste for Japanese
decorative art, and commends the system of popular education.
In the island of Ceylon, to which two chapters are devoted,
and among the splendid temples, palaces, and tombs of the
ancient cities of India, he found other objects of interest which
have frequently been written about. His views of the con¬
dition and prospects of India arc fair and candid, with a
disposition to favour the demand of high-class natives that
they may have a larger share in the administration. Tho
book is adorned with a great variety of illustrations.
The Goldsmiths’ Company have given £50 towards the
funds of the Deaconesses’ Institution and Hospital, Tottenham,
which is in need of further help.
Mr. Vernon Lnsbington, Q.C., Judge of County Courts
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The Exhibition of Decorative Handiwork, which has been
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others well known in the Scottish capital, where mimv visitors
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1 SDON NEWS, Dec. 8 , 1888.—686
T -a. Xi B S.
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THE ILLtTSTEATEt) LONDON NEWS
687
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.
British Columbia, a “ Land of the mountain and the flood "—
to which the Scottish Highlands are of tame and petty aspect,
and which abounds more than Switzerland and Norway in
wild and romantic scenery—furnishes tho subjects of our
Special Artist's Sketches. This most westerly province of the
Dominion of Canada, extending about eight hundred miles
from north to south, and three hundred miles from east to
west, from the ltocky Mountains to tho Pacific seacoast, is
intersected by several great mountain ranges ; the Selkirk, the
Gold Range, and the Cascade Range being the main interior
groups, running generally from north-west to south-east, with
frequent intervening spurs and offshoots. The Selkirk Range
has quite an Alpine character,and forms the backbone of the
country, rising often higher than tho Rocky Mountains in
this part of North America. The principal rivers, some of
which at the beginning of their course flow northwards,
and turn afterwards to tho south, while others — the
Kootenay, for instance—begin with a southward course and
subsequently change to the northerly direction, form numerous
lakes resembling the inland "lochs" of Scotland ; but their
channels are usually rock-bound, and their banks, except in
the more open straths and valleys, where the land is very
fertile, are overlooked by grand pine-covered mountains or
precipitous cliffs and craggy peaks. The Columbia River
passes southward into the United States’ territory of Washing¬
ton, and issues between that territory and Oregon, discharging
itself into the Pacific Ocean. Tho Fraser River, which has its
source in the Rocky Mountains, flows 650 mileB, entirely
within British Columbia, receiving the Thompson River at
Lvtton, and many other large streams, by which it is connected
with the Kamloops, the Harrison, the Lillooct, nud the re ton
Lakes; the lower portion of the Fraser River from its mouth
in the Gulf of Georgia, below New Westminster, is navigable
by steamer for ninety miles up to the town of Yale.
Returning now to the Selkirk mountain range, which is
crossed by the Canadian Pacific Railway, we must notice its
highest summit, 11,1)00 ft. above the sea-level, named after Sir
Donald Smith, one of the chief promoters of this line. The
passenger cannot fail to be struck by the view of Mount Sir
Donald. It rises high above the southern verge of the Rogers
Pass, close to a great glacier which, joining with another
farther south, forms the head-waters of the Illecillewaet river.
This stream runs out from under the icy mass and over the
boulders and debris at the bottom of a deep gorge that crosses
at right angles, though much below, tho Rogers Pass. The
glacier is a vast mass of ice fully a mile wide at the
top, with the waters flowing out from underneath in several
currents, uniting to form the river. In this gorge the company
have built another pretty Swiss chalet for a stopping-place,
which they call the "Glacier Hotel,” with magnificent
mountain views. The railway avails itself of this ravine, and
of another that comes into it at right angles a short distance
below, to get dowii out of the pass. The line, by repeated
double loops, runs for six miles, descends 600 ft., and ac¬
complishes just two miles of actual distance. Here iB an
achievement of engineering that took a railway genius to
conceive and execute. First the line runs southward, along
the side of the gorge towards the glacier, then it crosses a high
bridge and curves back on the other side, coming out near where
it started, but at a much lower level. Next, it curves round
into the second mvine, swings across it, and comes back again
at 120 ft. lower level, yet only 130 ft. further down the pass.
Then it doubles upon itself, and crosses the river, immediately
recrossing again. Here are six almost parallel lines of
railway in full view, each at a lower stage, and each made up
largely of huge trestle bridges. These are the “ loops ’ of the
Canadian Pacific.
It is not less remarkable to observe the manner in which
the Canadian Pacific Company builds its snow-sheds to protect
the railroad. There are two between tho summit and tho
hotel which are being united, altogether over a mile long.
On the side next the monntain the shed is of strong crib work,
built of cedar timber, 10 by 12 in. laid two inches apart, with
cross timbers dovetailed into the two sides of the criband spiked
together with seven-eighth spikes 16 in. long. This crib is 35 ft.
high, and filled with stone. On tho other side timber of tho
same size and about five feet apart are spiked upon the
massive mudsills and cross-sills. Upon the cross-sills heavy
lean-to supports are mortised into the upright timbers
and into the sills, all spiked together. Across the top is
a floor of two - inch planks, braced from the centre, and
another sloping roof of the same thickness Blanting down
nearly to the ground on the lower side of the track, completes
the shed. The whole roof is as strong as a bridge. In some
parts of the line there are double tracks—one within the shed
for winter nse, the other outside, to be used during the sutriwsr-
»«ontbs -Every kind of work on the to ’Jc dona
without regard to cost, bur the determination to make it
as perfect as a single-track road can be. The station-houses
are, or are to be, all ornamental.
Startling as is the passage through the Rocky Mountain
and Selkirk ranges, the carving out of the line upon the steep
banks of the deep and winding canyons of the Thompson and
Fraser Rivers has also called for great engineering skill, and
gives for hundreds of miles a succession of magnificent scenes.
The hotel at North Bend is a good stopping-place for tourists
who wish to see more of tho Fraser Canyon than is possible
BOSTON BAR, ON THE FRASER RIVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA.
SKETCH r,Y OVK STECIAL ARTIST, MR. MELTON 1'ltlOR.
from the trains. .At Boston Bar. a few miles below- North
Rend, the principal canyon of tile Fraser oommonooi.and from
here to Yale, twenty-three miles, the scenery is intensely interest,
ing. It has been descritto.il as “ ferocious,” The great river
is forced between vertical walls of black rocks where,
repeatedly thrown back upon itself by opposing cliffs,
or brokon by ponderous masses of fallen rock, it madly
foams and roars. The railway is cut into tho cliffs
200 ft, above, and tho Jutting spurs of rook aro pierced
by tunnels in close succession. At Spuzzum the Govern,
ment road, ns if socking oompany in this awful place,
crosses tho ehasm by a suspension bridge to the side of the
railway, and keeps with it, above or below, to Yale. Ten
miles below Spuzzum the enormous cliffs apparently shut
together and scorn to bar the way, Tho river makes an abrupt
turn to the left, and the railway, turning to the right, dis¬
appears into a long tunnel, emerging into daylight and
rejoining the river at Yale.
A HIDE TO SHESHOUAN.
Our readers will remember, in The Illustrated London News
of Sept. 22, a Sketch by Mr. Walter B. Harris,'giving a view of
the singular Moorish town of Sheshouon, in the Berber
monntain country of Northern Morocco, between the hab¬
itations of the Beni-Hassan tribes and the Riff. Sheshouan,
though distant not more than forty hours’ journey from
Tangier, is not accessible to European visitors without some
danger, as it is reputed a very sacred Mussulman shrine, and
unbelievers in the Prophet Mohammed are strictly forbidden
to approach it. We understand that only once, before tho
adventurous expedition of our recent correspondent, has this
sequestered and jealously guarded place been seen by any
Christian. Mr. Walter Harris contributes to the new December
Number of lilachwiod's Magazine an interesting narrative of
his “ Ride to Shoshoiian,” which was performed last July, Ho
puf on tho dress of a respectable Moor, consisting of a
long white shirt and haggy white trousers, a small sleeve,
less jacket of orimson silk, the "fez" or "tarboosh" on
his head, and a " Jolaba " or hooded oloak, also white, oovering
him from head to ankles. Ho engaged at Tangier a boy
named Selim, a native of Sheshouan, and set forth with two
mnlcs, oarrying only a blanket and a small red leather bag
slung over his shoulder, but not forgetting his revolver for
personal defonoo in oasc of need. Having passed the first
night at Tetuan, forty-five miles from Tangier, he next day,
with his guide, to whom only he intended to speak in Arabia,
rode on through the village of Zenat, and the wild Beni.
Ilassan country beyond, towards the conspicuous peaks of the
great Sheshouan mountains. Being waylaid by the suspicious
tribesmen on the road, he tried to hide himself amidst the
shrubs, while Selim told the questioners that the stranger who
had been seen with him was a Moor, " the son of Abdul Malek
from Fez, going to Sheshouan to see his mother’s people.”
But the Beni-Hassan men presently caught Mr, Harris,
who boldly told them what he was, and where he
meant to go ; he gave them cigarettes, and they behaved
civilly, resolving not to stop him by force, though warning him
that he would be killed, if discovered to be a Christian, by the
Sheshouan people. He and Selim were allowed to ride on, and
in the evening got to the mysterious town, which is magnifi¬
cently situated, as it appeared in our illustration, on the lower
slope of a lofty mountain ; the precipitous cliff, with rocky
crags at its summit, rising close behind, and the valley below,
well wooded and cultivated, with the winding coarse of a
rapidly flowing river. It is a large town, with five, gates and
Beven mosques ; and its aspect is the more picturesque as the
honse-roofs. instead of being flat, are gabled and covered with
red tiles. Three waterfalls, pouring out of caves in the
monntain, fill aqueducts supplying water to the many fruit-
gardens ami to tho mills. Mr. Harris was taken by Selim to
his parents' house in the town, where lie had food and lodging
for tho night, after walking about for two hours, late in the
evening, with Selim’s father. The family were much alarmed,
however, when they knew he was an infidel, for the son’s life
would probably have been forfeited in the event of de-
teotion. Ho oould not venture next morning ont in the
streets by daylight; in fact, he lay in the house all day,
sleeping off his fatigue; he was told that the news of bis
coming had been spread by the reports of the Beni-Hassan,
and that all the town was alert to catoh him. It was proposed
that after dark he should esoape, wrapped up in the voluminous
dress of a Moorish woman, but he chose rather the torn and
ragged brown oloak of a mountaineer. A friendly peasant named
Mohammed, whose dwelling was in a village four miles
distant, undertook to aooompany Mr. Han-is, on foot, ont of
Sheshouan by the o’niof town gate. They went out, that
evening, as quietly as possible, crossed the “ soko” or market¬
place outside the walls, and waited among the ferns and
rooks till Selim came to them. A long and toilsome walk
over rough ground, and through sharp thorny bushes, which
lacerated his naked legs and feet, brought Mr. Harris and
his companions to the cottage of Mohammed, where he
was kindly taken care of. Ilia mules were sent after
him next morning ; bnt the villagers, as well as the
Sheshouan townsfolk, were angrily looking out for tho
Christian intruder, and he could not leave the cottage till
night, after the moon went down. Mohammed, “ a stalwart,
handsome mountaineer,” refusing all payment for his services,
walked on for eight hours with the English stranger whom
he had rescued from great peril and had most hospitably
entertained. It was very difficult to persuade him even to
accept the price of the food eaten by his visitors, as he left
Mr. Harris and Selim at the rained “ fondak," or caravanserai,
on the road to Zenat.
THE l-BASES CANYON, EIGHT MIXES WEST OF NORTH BEND, BRITISH COLUMBIA.
TILL CANADIAN’ PACIFIC HALLWAY
SKETCHES 11Y OCH SPECIAL AKTIST, MIL MELTON
CLEVEDON COURT, SOMERSE
Although it is within n stone’s-throw of the great high road
to Bristol, Clevedon Court is essentially as much out of the
world and self-contained as if it lay miles from the busy
haunts of men, with which, indeed, it has little or nothing in
common.
Perhaps the spirit of the great novelist who loved Cteve-
uon, and reproduced it as Castlewood, in the pages of his
noblest romance, guards it and shields it from the rash and
the world of to-day; perhaps the ghosts of Beatrix
~“ u “enry Esmond yet wander on the npper garden terrace or
meet below the trees that stand on the seaward side of the
oeautifnl house ; or perhaps, once more, the stern presence of
UachCl Lady Castlewood is still to he felt in the wide oak
hall, where she watched Beatrix descending the. stairs in her
red shoes, holding the candle np over her head to throw the
light down on her stately head and beautiful shoulders, as
she came to greet those who had just entered in the small
inner passage that now leads straight into the great hall,
where, whatever the weather is outside, coolness seems to
linger strangely, as if even the changes in the temperature
could not affect a place which had remained mnch as it was
left by the builder's hands some time during the fourteenth
century until the great fire of a few years ago. which destroyed
almost the complete half of the house, disclosing at the same
time some curious fourteenth-century arches in the second
hall, and another window in the small chapel, that is,
perhaps, one of the most interesting spo.ts in a most interesting
and beautiful house.
But, whatever the cause of the strange quiet that seems to
keep the house separate and distinct from all other houses that
we have even seen, the effect remains the same : and as we stay
for a while looking up at the house, on tho old half of which an
enormous pomegranate climbs, laden with frnit, which ripens,
year by year, in the soft and marvellous Clevedou air, wo
cannot help being struck by the peace that seems to enwrap
it, although round the square chimneys the jackdaws are
croaking dismally, and. far away, we can hear the sheep
calling to each other; while every now and then a heavily-
laden
f , 7 . —: . i ■
v “3^4 >
M'.’.f HI
■ liJI# i
690
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 8. 1880
to his horses or whistling merrily to himself ns he goes
on his way to the big, noisy Bristol city. Tho old
part of the house is on tho right hand as we stand on
the drive and gaze np at the lovely place, on the left front
of whioh tho architect has proudly carved tho words “An
honour to Somerset.” But so cunningly has The Court been
rebuilt, and so quickly is Nature rcclotbing it with luxuriantly,
growing creepers, that it re (Hires a practised eye indeed to tell
where tho old lov. es off and tho new begins to form the house—
n task rendered loss difficult, however, when we pass to the
high teriws which lead np from the level ground to the
beautiful wools behind the house, whence we can see quite
easily where the firo did its deadly work, and as easily dis¬
criminate between the new and the old.
And perhaps the hest place to see the house from is one of
these same terraces, for from them we look down to and over
the house, and begin to recognise some likeness between it and
the Queen Anno sketch of it that hangs in the inner hall.
But tho lines of fish-pouds shown therein are missing,
and the high-road now cuts straight through what was then a
wide green stretch of meadow-land, belonging to and attached
to The Court; but which has, we believe, passed entirely into
ttther hands than those of the family who now hold The Court, and
have held it since it parsed from the possession of John Digby,
Earl of Ori.-toTTfiiioTxah-af Sir Abraham Elton, the first
Baronet and founder of the family. Sir Abraham appears to
have been a prominent figure in Bristol in the early part of the
eighteenth century, when he bought this and two other pro¬
perties in different parts of England about the same time—one
of which, White Staunton, still remains in tho family, and is
superior to Clevedon inasmuch as it possesses a “ curse ” all its
own, and a ghost; neither of whioh hall-marks of antiquity is
vouchsafed to Tho Court—if we except the ghosts that we
cannot help raising for ourselves. For whoever comes to
Cleveilon rnnst raise ghosts for himself from “ Esmond," and
from tho “ Memoirs of Arthur Hallam,” whose monument
hangs on the walls of Clevedon old church, and who, in
company with many another great and well-known man,
must have often walked in the Clevedon gardens or rested
in the silence of tho library, which unfortunately perished
in the fire whioh completely destroyed the marvellous
Elizabethan fireplace shown in one of oar Illustrations, as
well as moat of the valuable library, collected carefully for
years by the Elton family, and more especially by Sir Arthur
Hallam’ Elton, who had. the misfortnne to live to see these
books burn before his eyes, and half the house, of which
he had taken such fond and reverent eare, reduced to ashes.
The fireplace has been restored almost line for line, ns, indeed,
the whole house has been restored in the same loving way ;
but it cannot be the same, naturally, and suggests nothing
beyond the faithfulness of the architect and a sorrowful
feeling that so much was destroyed that was really as old ns it
looks. And we do not lose this feeling when we enter the best
bed-room, with its old oak bedstead, and hear of all the
glories that once were its own—glories now concentrated in a
tiny ohapel, just off the bed-room, exactly as are modern
dressing-rooms arranged now, bat complete and beautiful
with its miniature altar, its piscina, and its stained-glass
window—a recent addition, bnt framed in the old window-frame
discovered by the fire, and which was unknown of before by
the family, who used this chapel every now and then, on more
specially solemn occasions.
The drawings familiar now to readers of Scribner* arc
in tho library at Clevedon, and are becoming faint with age.
But the nursery shown in one of the Sketches perished in the
fire, though the school-room remains, and looks just the same
as it was when Thaokeray sat there and drew the present Lady
Elton as a small curly-headed child of about two, who. now
grown up and with children of her own, just remetnbors
Thackeray's visits — but only just — tho while she joins in
our regrets that tho date of the year is never pnt to either
letters or sketches, Thaokeray having generally, if not always,
contented himself with the month and day of the month ;
sometimes pntting simply “Monday," “Tuesday,” or whatever
the day of the week might be, utterly regardless of posterity
in a most trying manner.
But proud as the present owner is of his lovely home and
the numerous interests that are inseparable therefrom, his
heart is not in The Court itself, but just outside it, where in a
small shedlike erection, or rather in a Bcries of shedliko
erections, is produced under his own eye, and his own
directions, that curious pottery, well known to connoisseurs as
Elton ware, which has an unlikeuess to any other pottery, and
an originality of design that attracts attention to itself no
matter where’it is placed, or among what other ware it may
for the moment find itself.
“ The offspring of an ill-regnlated mind," says Sir Edmund
himself, as he girdB himself with tho orthodox potter's apron,
and gets himself into a regulation blouse : but, ill-regnlated
or not, it is a mind that is never idle, and that has produced
under its auspices some of the most exquisite combinations of
colouring that we, personally, have ever seen. While we
are assured that this combination of colour is dne in a great
measure tochanoe.and that no onecan tell how a piece is coming
onto! the kiln, or whether it will issue therefrom as a complete
wreok or not, we look on with immense interest at the wheel,
at which Sir Edmund seats himself in the orthodox potter's
fashion, and while we watch his workmanlike way of setting to
work, see just a little more than chance in the manner in which
the vase of the future is “ thrown,” and, finally, left to dry. One
ready to be embellished is placed on the circular table shown
in the Illustration, and promptly receives certain most
mysterious indentations and sketchings with a sharp-pointed
pencil that develop afterwards into flowers and birds, serpents,
or conventional designs, just as it has pleased the artist at tile
moment to draw out his ideas on the soft clay, which,
after being coloured by being washed in coloured clay about
as thick as an egg-shell, receives its first “ baptism of fire” in
the kiln, and is then plunged into the glaze, which gives it a
mysterious white and ghost-like appearance. After this it
returns once more to the kiln, whence the “ saggers ” which
oontain this and many another specimen of the famous ware
are once more withdrawn and become either causes of “bless¬
ing " or “ banning," according to tho manner in which they
have taken the glnzc and acquired colonr in the furnace.
Colour—exquisite clear scarlet or a peculiar greeny bine,
like the breast of a peacock—is the great feature in
the Elton ware, and is, therefore, the one thing abont which
the potter has to be quite sure. Bnt lie also aspires after
wondrous designs in tiles, and lias produced, among other
canons dovices, the one of St. Stephen which is illustrated
here, nnd which is. wo believe, in the church at White Staunton.
The whole history or the Elton ware manufacture would
require colnmns to describe. To tell of the failures, the heart¬
breaking rush of poisonous sulphur fames which spoiled
hundred* of ponnds'-worth of ware over and over again, would
take volume* ; lint to the student the story would he valuable
if as a mere study of patience conquering almost insuperable
difficulties. And' if Sir Edmund still monms over tho lovely
Elton ml which for the nonce had escaped him, ho yet can
point complucontly to rows of beautiful vases and jugs in
marvellous colourings, which, nniqne in themselves—no two
specimens being precisely alike—would rejoice the heart of
any connoisseur simply to contemplate and handle—let alono
to possess.
There are few more interesting places in England than
Clevedon Court, and its Sunflower pottery, cunningly con¬
cealed among tho outbuildings in snch a way that »o mere
visitor to The Court would notice the immediate presence
of a thriving manufactory ; and as we turn away from
the house and climb up the lovely sheltering hills, below
which The Court nestles in the clear autumnal snnshine, and
come out on the top of tho hills, from which we can see the
deep, brown waters which Clevedon itself fondly calls the
sea, wo look back regretfully at this typical English home,
and wish devoutly that more of onr landowners would go with
the times and turn their attention and their talents to some
such delightful task os that which connects the Elton name
with one of tho most bcautifnl and satisfactory manufactures
of the present day. __ J- E. Pantos.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
nwiiralions for this department should be addressed to the Chess FAitor.
i i Hav.mn:ih\ Wo arc muchobliKC'I for llio information, uso of wliicli wo
jl.iw. Wo sliall l»c much surprised if your own eajKJCtation of tlic winner
saliscd.
eiUiill).—We are pleased to hear from so old a corroqiondent as yourself,
annics shall have careful attention.
rs.—Your dmtfrains still lack clearness, hut wo will gtvo thorn pmj»cr
rooop.—W hatcrer merits your problem may possess it is quite impossible
i) pui>ii»h one whoso solution consists of a scries of checks.
(Galwayt, M Jackson, Mrs Baijid.-P roblems received with thanks, and
duly reported upon.
nuch rcRrot Mr. Healey's problem (No. 5829) is unsound, i. Kt to B 7lh
’ a second solution.
jecivod from G B Hewctt (Middle
s-hill), W W Hardman, and W II
Soys, E W Hick eft. « W G nrodio.
, and Percy R
if 2327 fron
; Jlankin
W Hardman, E G
iiigtoii, K .1 Uibbi
Hon Gell (Ereter),'
arslnkc W Wood
E W Hickctt, Cog
V liar
ys, P C iTho
»shall Chest
blub, ami J L (.
oko
i from AW Hamilton Gi
Im. D McCoy (Galway), W
i Casella (Paris), G J Powi
verpnol), Maxwell Jack-
fircco (Mnnirbi. .1 n Tnrl
-V H Hayfn
en. J Ross (Whitley). P Colman (Chippenham), Dr Walt*, W E
Jamet Saco. C S. Quidnunc. H S It, I)r Ltnv, J Blnikio, Job
mo. stowtnalt, Columbus, (i V (Brentwood), Thomas Chown
Uiby Book, Aiiquis, B Y N Banks, D r P f
Solution of problem
WHITE.
1. K to Q lth
2. Mates accordingly. -
PROBLEM NO.
By Signor Aspa
BLACK.
E.andGJ \
*0. 2327.
Saturday,
players h;
Bird. Leo
ati still leads the Hrst-clasa players. niuJ up to the date of onr
>rt had not lost n single game. The chief scouts of the cither
arc making a very level fight of ft amongst themselves, mil
interest is taken in* every successive) round. Last week Hie corn¬
ice led nine new memU-rs. the most notable of whom was Mr.
t strong representative of France.
match between Messrs. Steiniiz nnd Tscliignrfn is definitely
B-J to bo played nt Havnnnnh early next January. The local chess
vides the stakes, which consist of 30 dols. for each game to the
md 10 dols. to the loser. The match is to be decide 1 by the best
Dec. 12, when Mr. Blackbt
Mr. F. J. IsOe visited the Hot
twelve simultaneous games ng:i
log result: Won seven, lost m
were unfinished.
On Nov. 17 the Ameihy
games to 4$, and on Nov. 28 were slice
Y.M.C.A. Chess Club by 7 games to 1.
A match has taken place at the British D
and Blackbnmc: It was won by Mr. Blarkbn
match between the same combatants will sin
dll Ik* opposed hy eight i
nmnilh l'-hew Club i
..it* strongest mend
one (to Mr. Btidden, lion.
Chess Club defeated tho Zuk<
ukortort Club by
isl the Shoreditch
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SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
OTHER SENSES THAS O0RS.
My Dalmatian dog, “ Spotty." has been considerably aptated
in mind this morning over tbc appearance of a strange cat in
my back garden. Albeit ho is not on particularly friendly
terms with the two feline members of the household, “Spotty”
yet contrives to hear and forbear where the cots proper to bis
home are concerned. The mother-cat is somewhat given to n
spitefnlness of disposition towards her Dalmatian co-tenant,
nnd her Hack son, tho “ Professor,” treats the dog with high¬
handed contempt. Bnt, as things are. life rubs on easily
enough where the canine nnd feline units are concerned. A
stray cat, however, appearing within his own and special
domain, causes “ Spotty " n world of nnxictr. Ho longs to bo
up and doing in the way of battlo, and his voice rings iond and
deep when, secure on the broken glass-bottles of the garden-
wali, the strange cat contemplates his attitude and hears
his iond vociferations with equanimity, or with some¬
thing which goes as nearly as is possiblo to expressing
a feline Binilc of contempt. “Spotty’s” anxieties, however,
are not limited to this barking at the oats which perpetually
leap to and fro “over the garden wall." When not a eat is to
be beheld, and when there is not a vestige of a feline within a
mile of him, I can tell of his latent animosity to the cat-tribo
being aroused by his sniffing the ground, by his low growls nnd
sharp yelps, nnd by the bristling of his back hair as his vivid
imagination depicts before his mind's eye the possibility of
the fray.
This sniffing and smelling of dogs which hunt their prey
like my Dalmatian by aid of their noses, opens np a curious
study in animal senseB, and one which leads ub towards many
unsolved problems of life and brain. In tho first place, what
is it that my dog perceives? What is it that arouses his
brain and muscle, through the medium of his sense of smell ?
A cat passes with a light tread over the ground. Allow, if wo
will, that there is a characteristic odour pertaining to the ent-
body—and to all other carnivorous animals, indeed—and tho
problem does not become simplified even after such an
admission. What is there in the odour which Tcmains to mark
to my dog’s intelligence and perception each light foot¬
fall of the cat in the back garden ? Wlmt is the nature
of the scent of the bnnter which tho wind carries to
the wary deer, or to the lion or rhinoceros itself ? What is
the exact cause of the power which enables tho vulture to
scent tho prey from afar off, or which tells the eagles where
tbe carcase lies for attack ? Let ns try to argue this matter
out as best wo may. The senses of on animal arc its “ gate¬
ways of knowledge.” Tho eye sees not, neither does the car
hear. They arc merely instruments—“receiving offices,” to
put it plainly—which transmit to the brain the impressions of
the outer world, which modify, parcel out, nnd assort
these impressions, and adapt them for being understood
and appreciated by the seeing - centres and hearing-
centres of tho organ of mind. So ranch is matter of ordinary
physiological teaching. And what of the impressions
which fall npon eye and ear, nose and tongue, and skin?
Everything in the way of sense, ns Goethe put it long ago,
resolves itself into a matter of touch. Every other sense is a
modification of touch ; or, as it was originally put, “touch is
the mother of all the senses." When we touch any object,
that, of course, is ordinary sensation, pure and simple. It is
the contact of the nerve-ends with the outer world, with
which our nervous system brings ns into relation. When we
taste there is contact—that is to say, “touch”—of the sub¬
stance to be tasted with the nerves of tongue and palate.
When w-c smell there must he contact of nerve-ends again,
with the odorous particles. When wo hear and see, there is
the impinging of waves of sound and of waves of light npon
ear-drum and retina (the nerve-network of the eye), respect¬
ively. Ethereal and delicate must ear-touch and eye-touch
be, yet it is a contact of something material from the
outside world with something material in eye and ear
nevertheless. All our sensations and impressions, then, are
redneed to the level of touch. It is only a question of tho
degree of fineness of the touch, and not one of difference of
I he kind of touch, whioh awaits the comprehension of scienco
whenever senses and their methods are discussed at all.
But certain clear facts lead us nigh to the comprehension
of “ Spotty.” ami his perception of cnt-prcsencc, as well as lo
She understanding of the powers of the bloodhonnd intracking
the criminal, or of those of the St. Bernard in finding tho
frozen man beneath the snow.
It is provable, first of all. that any form of rentier
which possesses a smell at all, exhibits that property in
virtue of its power of giving off fine particles of its substance.
It is similarly clear that the odour of any body will ho
tho more powerful according as its particles are freely given
off. Take tbc case of musk, for instance. We weigh a
grain of musk in a chemical balance which turns the scale
with the merest fraction of a grain. Tlmswise, we secure
exact weight, and we place our grain weight of musk
in a room. For years onr grain of musk will appreciably
scent that apartment. During all this period it must, there¬
fore, have been giving off its particles to the air; yet, mark
tho astounding result—if we weigh it years afterwards,
we shall find it show exactly the weight it originally
possessed. Plainly, then, the particles given off from the
mnsk in such numbers must have been of such micro¬
scopic size as. to leave practically unaffected the bulk of
the BUbstance. Our minds fail to grasp any idea of the size of
such particles. Sir William Thomson's estimate of tlic size
of atoms may find a parallel in the particles of our mnsk ; yet,
small as these particles are, you observe they excite tlio sense
of smell, and become appreciated hy our brain as those of a
well-known perfume. It may interest us to know that
Sir William Thomson makes the ultimate atoms of matter
each measure, jn diameter, the one-fifty-milliontli part of an
inch. As far as sight is concerned, I believe Helmholtz gives
a particle which is tho eiglitv-thousandth part of an inch in
diameter, as the smallest which can he distinctly made out by
the eyes in association with other particles. Snch estimates
of what matter is, microscopically regarded, may serve to
teach us something of tho acute nature of the sense of smell in
man, relatively to our particles of mnsk.
But that the dog’s sense of smell is infinitely more doliento
than onr own it is evident, Your collie I racks out yonr foot¬
steps by the odour they have given off amidst a dense crowd of
people. “ Spotty " recognises the tread of the cat, hy reason of
the fine particles which the feline impression has left behind
•it, and which appeal to his nerves of smell while all unre¬
cognised by ns. The bloodhound, in the same way, with keen
scent, traces out the resemblance in smell between the foot¬
steps of the criminal and those of the garment which belonged
to the evildoer. Tho dog's brain shows largo lobes of smell,
and big nerves emanating therefrom. His nerrons apparatus
in this respect makes for him a world of odours all unappre¬
ciated by his master. As there are many other worlds than
our own whirling round in the blue ether, so in truth, in lower
life, there are many other, moro powerful and acute senses
than ours. Andrew Wilson.
f>, 1S88
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
. DEC. S, isttf
MUSIC.
The third Monday evening Popular Concert of the new series
brought forward Brahms's new “ Gipsy-Songs.” These charac¬
teristic pieces are among the coin user’s latest productions,
and. like his “ Liebes-lieder Waltzer ”—which have long been
popular—they are composed for four voices and pianoforte.
The quaint melodies (we believe these arc original, * nob
national)—with their characteristic rhythm and appropriate
harmonic treatment—are very charming, and the pieces wil)
doubtless be as much in request as were their predecessors—
above referred to. The Gipsy-Songs were excellently rendered
on the occasion now alluded to by Mrs. Henschel, Miss L.
Little. Mr. Shakespeare, and Mr. Henschel, ns vocalists, and
Mis* Fanny Davies as pianist. At the same concert, Miss M.
Wild made a very favourable impression by her execution of a
* Scherzo " by Chopin. Madame Norman - Neruda (Lady
Halle) continues to be the leading violinist at the evening
concerts ; Miss Agnes Zimmermann having been announced
ns solo pianist at that of Dec. 3. The Gipsy-Songs of Herr
Brahms were repeated at the afternoon performance of Dec. 1.
The second of the new series of Mr. Henschel’s London
Sywiyibr- jan^a Hall, brought forward—
for the first time in Eng1:uUf- 'BflP ITiusic to a “ Ritterballet ”
composed by Beethoven, in 1790, an early production which is
chiefly interesting on that account; but little, if any. sign of
the master's subsequent greatness being apparent. Miss Fanny
Davies's admirable performance of Mozart’s Pianoforte Con¬
certo in D minor was a feature of the concert, other items of
which call for no specific mention. The third concert, on
Dec. 4, was of strong interest, but comprised no novelty
requiring comment.
The second concert of the season of the Royal Choral
Society (heretofore called the Royal Albert Hall Choral
Society) was appropriated to a performance of Mr. Cowen’s
oratorio, “ Ruth.” The work was originally produced at the
Worcester Festival of last year, with a success which was
repeated on its performance in London and elsewhere, in¬
cluding Melbourne in September last, during its composer's
engagement there as director of the musical proceedings
connected with the Exhibition. In its recent performance
at the Royal Albert Hall the vocal soloists were Misses Anna
Williams and A. Larkcom, Madame Belle Cole, Mr. B. McGuckin,
and Mr. W. Mills, who were more or less efficient. On the
whole, the choral portions of the oratorio were generally the
most effectively rendered; but signs of the want of further
rehearsal, both of chorns and orchestra, were occasionally
apparent.
We have already given details of tho festival performance
of the “ Messiah” in Westminster Abbey, on Nov. 29, in cclc- .
bration of the 150th anniversary of the Royal Society of
Musicians. Bat little remains to be added to the particulars
previously furnished. As already said, the solo vocalists were
Mesdames Albani and Patey; Messrs. Harper, Kearton,
Hilton, and Brereton. There was a full orchestra and chorus,
Dr. J. F. Bridge (organist of the Abbey) conducted, and
Mr. Jekyll presided at the organ.
The celebrated neckmann quartet party reappeared, as
already briefly stated, at Prince's Hall cn Nov. 29, too lato tor
comment until now. We have several time* recognised, in
previous notice?, the admirable playing of the four artists
concerned, and this was again evidenced on the occasion now
referred to in string quartets by Schumann and Beethoven ;
and in Brahms’s pianoforte quintet in F minor, with Madame
Haas as pianist; the lady having also given an artistic per¬
formance of a prelude and fugue by Bach.
On the same date as that of the Heckmann quartet concert,
Madame Essipoff gave an afternoon recital at St. James's Hall.
The eminent Russian pianist played a varied selection, includ¬
ing Schumann’s solo sonata in G minor, with admirable
execution. In some pieces for two pianos, Madame Essipoff
was associated with Madame Fannie Bloomfield, who made a
good impression.
The Crystal Palace Concert of Dec. 1 brought forward, for
the first time here, a “Cortege Fantastique," an orchestral
work by Herr Moszkowski. The composer was first made
known in this country by several sets of pieces for two
performers on the pianoforte. These pieces are all of exquisite
beauty, full of distinctive character, admirable alike in
subject and treatment, and altogether forming a series of
exquisitely finished miniatures. Compositions (for the orchestra)
of a more ambitions, but a less successful, kind were produced
(conducted by himself) at our Philharmonic concerts. The
work brought forward at the Crystal Palace is bright and
characteristic, and will probably be soon heard again. The
concert referred to included Madame Essipoff’s fine rendering
of Schumann's pianoforte concerto in A, and smaller unaccom¬
panied pieces; and vocal solos well rendered by Mdlle. Badia.
A fresh addition to musical activity in London was to be
inaugurated at St. James's Hall on Thursday evening, Dec. 6,
when a new series of Novello’s Oratorio Concerts was to begin
with a performance of Dr. C. Hubert Parry’s oratorio “ Judith.”
The reproduction of Gounod’s opera “ Romeo et Juliette”
took place at the Paris Grand Op£ra on Nov. 28. with Madame
Adelina Patti's first performance of the character of Juliette,
with the French text. TJie part is one in which the great
prima-donna has often appeared, with signal suocess, in the
version of the work given, at our Royal Italian Opera house ;
the first occasion having been in 1867, Her recent perform¬
ance in Paris is said by competent judges who were present to
have manifested all its former charms of voice and style, and
to have realised a fresh success for the incomparable artist.
She was admirably supported by M. Jean de Reszke as Romeo,
and M. E. De Reszk6 as Friar Laurence ; the part of Capulet
having been well sustained by M. Delmas. The composer con¬
ducted the performance. The opera,ns modified by M. Gounod
for its reproduction in Paris, will probably find repetition in
this shape in London.
The seemd and last of the two Patti concerts at the Royal
Albert Hall will take place on Dec. 11, this being the final
appearance here of the great prima-donna previous to her
departure to fulfil her foreign engagements.
The death was recently announced of Signor Cesare Lisei,
the energetic and courteous-manager of the London branch of
the eminent firm of Ricordi, of Milan. The deceased gentle¬
man was highly esteemed by all who were acquainted with
him. The funeral took place at Ken sal-green Cemetery, on
Nov. 29.
Another recent death of one who was associated with
the musical world was that of Mr. Desmond L. Ryan, who
was for-many years musical critic of the Standard news-
piper. He not only possessed sound musical knowledge,
both theoretical and practical, but manifested on Beveral
occasions much literary taste and capacity, apart from news¬
paper work (especially in several librettos for cantatas) and
considerable talent for musical composition. He had not
completed his thirty-eighth year/
Mr. William Carter gave a grand Scotch Festival at the
Albert Hall on St. Andrew’s Day ; Mr. Isidore De Lara's second
Vocal Recital took place on Nov. 27 at Stein way Hall; Mr. S.
De Sola’s morning concert on Nov. 29 at Prince's Hall; the
Royal Amateur Orchestral Society’s first evening concert this
season at St. James’s Hall on Dec. 1 ; Miss Marian Bateman
and Miss Esther Mowbray’s recital of original compositions for
two performers, on Deo. 7 ; and Herr Von Ozeke, professor of
the violin, gives a vocal and instrumental conceit, on ,Dec. 8,
at Addison Hall.
THE'RECENT NAVAL MANOEUVRES.
The Special Commission of naval experts appointed to report
upon the recent manoeuvres, has sent in Its final report to Lord
George Hamilton. The evidence laid before the Commission
was of a voluminous nature, and in many cases contained
important suggestions of a confidential character for the
conduct of future blockades. The Commanders of the opposing
squadrons, Admiral Tryon and Admiral Baird, and the second
in command, as well as the Captains and umpires of both
squadrons engaged in the manoeuvres, gave evidence at con¬
siderable length, and their testimony having been carefully
considered by the highest, naval experts has been reported
upon by the Commission. Wo understand that to Sir George
Tryon has been awarded the victory, he having by the most
efficient manoeuvring been able to break Admiral Baird’s
blockade, to attack several English ports, and to capture many
merchant-vessels.
At the quarterly court of the governors of tho Brompton
Hospital for Consumption held at the hospital on Nov. 29,
the report of the committee of management, read by the
secretary (Mr. II. Dobbin), stated that since tho last court the
necessary repairs, cleaning, and painting, had been effected
throughout the extension building, and the wards haying
been reopened, the whole of the 321 beds in the two buildings
are now again in full occupation. The cost of these repairs
had been considerable, and funds would be gladly received,
not only to defray these, but to meet the largely increased
expenses of the coming winter. The number of in-patients
admitted since Ang. 2 was 582 ; discharged, many greatly
benefited, 402 ; died, 9-0 ; new out-patient cases, 4349.
A meeting of the executive council of the British Section
of the Paris Exhibition. 1889, was held at the Mansion House,
on Nov. 30. Mr. H. Trueman Wood, one of the secretaries,
reported that the whole of the space placed at the disposal of
the British Section has been allotted among exhibitors.
Various colonies desired to participate, but appeals to $he
French authorities failed in obtaining any extension of the
original amount of space granted. The committee, however,
has been able to devote a considerable space to Victoria and
New Zealand, and to the Cape of Good Hope. There is every
likelihood of an adequate representation of British art, and
promises of support have been received from many leading
artists. The Lord Mayor has become president of the general
committee, Sir P. De Keyser, his predecessor, continuing to act
as chairman and treasurer of the executive council. Sir
Frederick Leighton, adverting to the fine art section, said, in
view of the fact that in Paris in 1878 England had been repre¬
sented very worthily in matters of art, it would be damaging
if British art were not well represented at the forthcoming
exhibition. The council voted, including previous grants and
donations, £2000 towards the expenses of the art section,
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
C31
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
Tin will (dated July 4. 1837), with throe codicils (dated
July II. 1883: Ang. 4. 1888 ; and Sept. 29, 1888), of Mr. J. M.
L*vy. J.P., late of No. 61, Grosvenor-streefc, Hyde Park, who
ilied on Oct. 12. at Florence Cottage. Ramsgate, has been proved.
Mr. Edward Lawson and Mr. Albert Levy, the sons, and
Alderman George Faudel Phillips, the son-in-law, are the
executors. The value of the personal estate, exclusive of real
property, amounts to upwards of £.">2.'>,000. The testator
bequeaths £1000 to each of his two sisters, and other legacies
to many old and personal friends, and also to his servants. In
addition to other gifts, the testator bequeaths to his daughter
Matilda £1000, free of duty, to be applied or distributed by
her for such purposes of charity us she may think most
advisable. He devises to his said daughter. Matilda, absolutely,
his freehold house and the surrounding land at Ramsgate,
with the furniture, china, and pictures contained in his residence
there. The testator directs that with regard to his London
residence. No. 51, Grosvenor-street, and the furniture, plate,
china, books, pictures, Acc.. his trustees shall permit his said
daughter, at her option, to have the personal use thereof for
such period as she should desire. The residue of his real and
personal ‘’state he loaves, upon trust, for his seven surviving
children foi Jife. and theatQ-their children as they may appoint.
The will (dated Dae. r>, 18.33) Caroline Louisa Derby,
widow, late of Regency-square. Brighton, who died on Oct. 12,
was proved on Nov. 24 by Sir Arnold William White and
Richard Alexander Bevan, the executors, the value of the
jmrsonal estate being sworn to exceed £220,000. The testatrix
gives £200 to her executors, and all her household furni¬
ture, Ace., between her two daughters. Subject thereto, she
leaves all her property, upon trust, to pay half the income
thereof to each of her daughters, Mrs. Katharine Louisa
Drummond and Mrs. Ellen Maria Pechell, for life, with
remainder to their husbands, and on their death, os to the
capital ns well as the income, for their respective children.
The Scotch Confirmation, under the seal of the Com-
missariot of Lanarkshire, of the deed of settlement (dated
Dec. 31,1883) of Mr. Peter Clonston. late of No. 1, Park-terrace,
Glasgow, who died on Aug. 3D last, granted to David Barr,
James Bullock, Matthew Bullock, Christina and Elisabeth
Clouston, the daughters, Frederic Fairlie Elderton, and John
Ebenezer Watson, the executors nominate, was resealed in
London on Nov. 13, the value of the personal estate in England
and Scotland amounting to upwards of £178,000.
The will (dated Jan. 26, 1388) of Thomas Longueville
Longueville, lnte of Penyllnn Hall. Oswestry, who died on
Oct. 27 last, was proved on Nov. 24 by Thomas Longueville,
the son, Anna Maria Longueville, the daughter, and Charles
William Roberts, the nephew, the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £133,000. The
testator bequeaths £33,000, and bis household furniture,
pictures, carriages and horses to his daughter, Anna Maria ;
and gives and devises all his real estate to his son, Thomas.
The residue of his personal estate he leaves to his said two
children, in equal shares.
The will (dated May 10, 1878), with two codicils (dated
Sept. 4, 18S2, and Jan. 20, 1897). of Mrs. Elmina Crabbe, late
of Glen Eyre, Basset, in the county of Southampton, who died
at Bellagio. Italy, on Oct. 12. was proved on Nov. 24 by Eyre
Macdonald Stewart Crabbe (the son) and Arthur Niblett (the
nephew), the executors, the value of the personal estate being
sworn to exceed £68.000. The testatrix gives £200 to the
Royal South Hants Infirmary ; all her books and the plate with
the crest of a boar's head to her son Henry Stewart Spooner ;
and legacies to servants. The residue of her property she
leaves to her son, Eyre Macdonald Stewart Crabbe.
The will (dated April 26, 1877). with two codicils (dated
Dec. 2. 1830, and Dec. 18. 1883), of Mr. Henry Badcock, late of
Wheatleigh Lodge, Taunton. Somerset, who died on Oct. 16,
was proved on Nov. 15 by Henry Jefferies Badcock and Isaac
Badcock, the sons and executors, the value of the personal
estate being sworn to exceed £58.000. Tho testator bequeaths
£1000, his household furniture and effects, carriages and
horses, and the use, for life, of his house, to his wife, Mrs.
Georgiana Badcock ; £500 to his daughter, Georgiana ; £100
each to the Church Missionary Society and the Church Pastoral
Aid Society ; and £100 to his sister, Elizabeth Badcock. lie
gives and devises certain land and premises in Devon to his
son Henry Jefferies Badcock. The residue of his real and
personal estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay annuities of £200
each to his sons. Isaac, Francis William, and Alexander Robert,
and to his daughter, Georgiana. during the life of his wife, and
the remainder of the income to her ; on her death, £10.000 is
given to each of his sons, Isaac, Francis, and Alexander, and
his daughter, Georgiana; and the ultimate residue between his
said three sons.
The will (dated July 20, 1888), with a codicil (of the same
date), of Dame Frances Ann Rowe, late of No. 10, Queen
Anne-street. Cavendish-square, who died on Oct. 28, was
proved on Nov. JO by Colonel George Clayton Swiney, the
nephew, Holroyd Chaplin, and Miss Sarah Ann Hayllar. the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £46.000.
The testatrix bequeaths £2500 each to Ellen Kennard, Richard
Valpy. and Mary Valpy Valpy ; £3750 each to Mrs. Mary
Jane Cater and Mrs. Hannah Frances Harvey ; £2000 each to
Percy Westmncott and Emily Brown ; £2500, upon trust,
for John Montague Valpy; £4500, upon trust, each for
Henry Stephen Swiney and George Clayton Swiney ;
and other legacies. The residue of her real and personal
estate she leaves to Mrs. Mary Jane Cater and Mrs. Hannah
Frances Harvey, in equal shares, as tenants in common.
The will (dated Feb. 16, 1888) of William Crundall, late of
“ Lords,” near Faversham, Kent, who died on July 5, w as proved
on Nov. 23 by William Henry Crundall and Albert Edward
Bechely Crundall, the sons and executors, the value of tho
personal estate exceeding £31,000. Subject to a legacy
to his wife, Mrs. Catherine Susan Crundall, the testator leaves
all his property, upon trust, to pay £3000 per annum to hiB
wife for life, and the remainder of the income thereof to his
two sons. On the death of his wife, he leaves £45,000, upon
trust, for his three daughters. Mrs. Elizabeth Mary Day, Mrs.
Emily Jane Punnett, and Mrs. Catherine Helen Conchi ;
£ 12,000 to his son Albert Edward Bechely; his estate called
“ Lords ” to his son William Henry ; and residue of his
property between his said two sons.
The will (dated April 13, 1881) of Robert Dymond, J.P.,
late of No. 1 , St. Leonard - road, Exeter, and Blackslade,
Widcombe-in-the-Moor. Devon, who died on Aug. 31, was
roved at the District Registry. Exeter, on Oct. 2, by Mrs.
osephine Dymond, the widow, Arthur Kingston Dymond. the
son, and George Edward Fox. the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £27,0(8). Subject to the gift of
£300 and all his household furniture and effects to his wifo,
and £100 to each of his grandchildren, the testator leaves all
his property, npon trust, to pay two thirds of the income thereof
to his wife, during her widowhood, and one third between his
three children—Arthur Kingston, Josephine Elizabeth, and
Mrs. Caroline Anne Fosswill; but in the event of his wife
again marrying she is only to receive ono third, and bis
children take the remaining two thirds of the income; and
subject thereto to his children in equal shares.
On St. Andrew’s Day, the 224th anniversary festival of the
Scottish Corporation was held in the Hotel Metropole, under
the chairmanship of Mr. Ritchie, M.P., President of the Local
Government Board. In response to the Chairman’s appeal,
subscriptions to the amount of £2500 were announced.
Lady Claud J. Hamilton presented new colours to tho
2nd Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers on Dec. 1, in place of a pair
which have been in the possession of the regiment for over
twenty years. The ceremony was performed on Rnshmoor
Green, where the regiment, in review order, paraded at twelve
o'clock. A large assemblage of spectators was present.
“ T)Y a thorough knowledge of the natural laws which govern the operations of digestion
-D and nutrition, and by a careful application of the tine properties of well-selected Cocoa,
Mr. Epps has provided our breakfast tables witli a delicately-flavoured beverage which may save
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H1 T~^ S (comforting )COCOA
a constitution may be gradually built up until strong enough to resist every tendency to disease.
Hundreds of subtle maladies are floating around us ready to attack wherever there is a weak
point. We may escape many a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure blood
and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service Gazette.
INSTEAD OP A QUILL.
THE FLYING SCOTCHMAN PEN.
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Oontbnth Symptoms of Dys
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Address: Publisher,46,Holborn
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SCHWEITZERS
COCOATINA.
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocos or Chocolate Powder.
OCAlUSrUKD 1‘IJIE SOLVMLE COCOA.
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eA-llen & Hanburys'
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A nutriment pecnllarly adapted to the digestive orpins of Young Children, supplying’ all that Is required for the
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30 to 34, NEW OXFORD-STREET, LONDON.
Subscriptions oponcl nt any date for ail parte of tho
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Surplus Copies of all the Best Books on sale at greatly
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Parcels Shipped at lowest rates to all parte of the worm.
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tted Catalogue
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Samples tuul Pricc-l.lats. ]X>sl-ft cc.
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THE ILLUBTBATED LONDON NEWS
COPIES OP THE ABOVE PICTURE, SUITABLE FOR FRAMING, MAY BE HAD GRATIS AND POST-FREE, BY SENDING ADDRESS TO ELLIMAN, SONS, AND CO., SLOUGH, E*LAND.
696
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 8, 1888
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
There will be only four ladies on the next London School
Board Mrs. Augusta Webster’s loss of her seat is to be
deplored; she is one of those persons whose presence it is
worth while to secure on the Board, for the sake of the dis¬
tinction which their personality confers on that body, apart
from the consideration of how much time they are prepared to
devote to the details of the work. The placing of a distin¬
guished Indian statesman and financier like Sir Richard
Temple at the bottom of the successful poll, and the rejection
of a woman of letters and unusual culture like Mrs.
Webster, are acts of electoral foolishness, the tendency of
which is to reduce the personnel of the Board to a constantly
lower level. Such events are only to be excused by the
extreme difficulty of regulating the cumulative vote in con¬
junction with the hallo* for tho successful use of the
is necessary.
,,f L |, e ladies who are returned, Miss Davenport-Hill, who
heads the poll in the City, is the only one who has previonsly
been a member. She has the distinction of having been for
many years the most regular attendant of all the members
at the Board and committee meetings. There are very
few days of the year on which Miss Davenport-Hill
is not found the Board office, except, of course,
durint^thn holidays. Mrs. Ashton Dilke, a young lady of
ability and a good speaker, is the proprietor of the Weekly
Disjmteh, and widow of a brother of .Sir Charles Dilke. Mrs.
Annie Besant's position is well known from the suit success¬
fully brought against her some years ago by her husband, a
Church of England clergyman, to remove her little daughter
from her custody on the ground of the mother’s lack of
religious belief. She is a near relative of an ex-Lord
Chancellor, and is an undergraduate of London University,
having passed the first examination for the Bachelor of
Science degree. Mrs. Besant is avowedly an extreme
Socialist, and was one of the candidates of that party;
but their true strength is not to be measured by her
success. The hold which Socialism has amongst the
working classes may be ganged by the few votes polled
by candidates like Mrs. Hicks and Mr. Bland, who had
no personal hold on the electorate, and were Socialist candi¬
dates pure and simple. Mrs. Besant (like the Rev. Stewart
Headlam) had also the support of many classes of electors,
besides the Socialists. Mrs. Maitland, the other new lady
member, has not, I believe, before this election, done anything
in the public view.
Few ordinary incidents can bring home to one more acutely
the instability of human life and the fallaciousness of hnman
hope and effort than when there conies into one's hands the
posthumous book of an author one has known. I do not
know whether the same impression is produced on those who
are not themselves authors. Perhaps not. Wo who know from
experience how much fatiguing and irksome labour of brain
and hand—bow much steady effort consciously directed
towards a future end and inspired by hope for that future—
and how much vivid interest and delightful suspense go to the
production of a book, probably feel the pathos most keenly.
Certainly, to us who write books, it is deeply touching to see
a volume brought forth from the press after its nnthor, whom
we knew in life, has passed to that place where “ there is neither
work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom.” A newly-
published book is so lire a thing, however short may be its
vital destiny ; and to get this in one’s hand, a thing of the
moment, fresh and new. when the brain that conceived it is
already stilled from all earthly interests, is a sermon on mor¬
tality. ** Dreams and Dream-Stories,” a book written by my late
friend, as beautiful and brilliant as she was learned. Dr. Anna
Kingsford, has jnst been published. According to a note by
the editor, •* the publication is made in accordance with the
author’s last wishes.” It is impossible to criticise the book
under the circumstances. I can say no more than that its
contents are somewhat unequal in execution. Many of the
sketches and stories are marked by a wild and weird imagin¬
ation that is very impressive ; others are parables containing
both beauty and meaning: while one or two only—such as
“The Panic-struck Pack-Horse”—are almost comical from
their dreamlike lack of point and purpose. “Occultism,”
however absurd (or worse) it may seem to those of us who
are not “ bitten ” by it, is unquestionably one of the most
fashionable and popular fancies—or, should I say, faiths ?—of
the moment ; and Dr. Kingr.ford’- curious book will interest
specially those of her own belief in “ theosophy,” “ esoteric
Buddhism,” transmigration, dream revelations, and all the
rest of the “ Hermetic ” cabala.
Dr. Klein alarmed us, a year or two ago, by an announce¬
ment that he had discovered that scarlet fever originated with
milch cows. A certain far from uncommon disease of the
udder, and one which the dairyman, however good his in¬
tentions, might easily overlook or confound with some simple
eruptions, was declared to be the originating source of the
scarlet fever contagion. This was very serious news to mothers,
whose little ones ought to be chiefly fed upon milk, in various
preparations, for at least the first two years of life. It was
serious news, too, for that considerable and sensible class of
folk who lake a drink of milk when many would fly to tho
dangerous resource of alcohol. The feeling of exhaustion, of
•• wanting something but }’ou don't quite know what,” is
better met by a glass of milk than by a glass of wine, for persons
with a pretty good digestion—always supposing that there
is not scarlet fever in the tumbler. Dr. Klein’s “discovery’
that a simple and common cow’-complaint originates that
human epidemic iSyhappily, proved to be an error. His experi¬
ments and arguments appeared to be conclusive enough ; but
the repetition of his inoculations by others has not produced
the same result, and a direct source of infection has been dis¬
covered for that case in which Dr. Klein could find no othoi
source than the cows themselves. So milk-drinkers may again
be at ease about the natural properties of their beverage,
while dairymen and farmers have received a fresh lesson about
the extreme importance of not allowing any person who comes
from a house where there is scarlet fever to go near the milk.
Lord Compton deserved to lose his election in Holborn
for the ganrherie of saying at a special meeting of ladies
held in support of his candidature, and with no less a person
than Mrs. Gladstone in the chair, that he disapproved of
ladies taking part in politics.—The Marquis of Salisbury, on
Soy. 30. made a most important declaration, in a speech to the
Edinburgh branch of the Primrose League, of his own “earnest
hope ” that women may soon receive the Parliamentary
franchise.—The Women's Suffrage Society’s Central Committee
will hold a special meeting on Dec. 12 for amending its rules,
with the object of widening the basis of the society.—Miss Jane
Cobdcn will, in all probabilitj\ stand for election to the London
County Council; and should her nomination be refused on
the ground that women are not qualified to be members, that
question will at once be taken to a court of law to be settled.
Lawyers differ upon it, at present; but the Local Government
Board, which has the management of the elections, has given
an opinion that females are ineligible. Miss Cobden is not
only “ the daughter of her father,” but has high personal
merits. Florence Fenwick-Miller.
The Mercers Company have voted £105 towards the
Mansion House Prize Fund in connection with the Metropolitan
Exhibition of the Royal Agricultural Society in 1880.
Messrs. Combe. Delafield, and Co. have subscribed £52 log.;
Messrs. Mann, Crossraan, and Paulin, £52 10s. ; Lord Cal-
thorpe, £25; Lord Penrhyn, £10; Messrs. A. Voelcker and
Sons, £10 10s. ; Messrs. Cattley, Gridley, and Co., £10 10s.;
and Messrs. Twining and Co., £10 10s.
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BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. — "It is admirable.” —
"Flavour is perfect” and “so PURE.”
HEALTH .—" PURITY is beyond question.”
“ONCE USED, ALWAYS USED."
O. J. VAN HOUTEN & ZOON, WEESP, HOLLAND.
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Samples and Manufacturer's Price-Lists Free.
HANNA'S
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EVERY VARIETY OF HOUSEHOLD LINENS.
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.
Boxes of Real Cambric Pocket Handkerchiefs DIRECT from the IRISH
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rdered. 3s. 3d. and 4s. 3d.: One doz. ditto, 68. and 78. 9d.; Ilalf-doz. Hemstitched,
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18 NEW BOND SIW.
Butlers Musical Instruments
OF EVEKY DESCRIPTION,
Violins.
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CAUTION.
Brngeh’s Food differ* cn-
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Illustrated Price-List (Sixty Pages) post-free.
J Q. x every flower that *
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f SWEET SCENTS
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k FRANGIPANNI PSIDIUM /'
May be obtained
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Stre®\,
KROPPi'lRAZOR
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
(CHRISTMAS NUMBER
(JHAPPELL’S MUSICAL MAGAZINE,
JIJETZLER and CO. I MAPLE & CO.
- MiattSSSSiT I T ABLE ™a
SUCCESSFUL PUBLICATIONS. j 'CABLE LINENS.
r pHE LIFTED ‘vEIT, L Bamby. ^!S=^r5l!SaK!
aB" *4' fcSSirtfc*. —*» ***» SiS? be reaUscd’ C c venTa®a*serious
i uiiiisnca in Two Keys. E and 6
T H .E LIFTED VEIL. Press Opinions. T A , BLE LINENS.-MAPLE and CO. having
,£, r ’JUII 1 ’. " umUuciM amt t„uclnns musir ha, an iA „ II ?* I,J *«'cral nmnufarturer., so situated
r, have amt kept their most akdfnl
'j 1 IIE YEOMEN OF THE GUARD.
W. S ' GILBEETaI “ , ARTHUR SULLIVAN.
jyjORE AND MORE.
Sung liy Mr. Ilirnugti.
IJEAUTY’S EYES,
CO WE LL GO NO MORE A-HOVING
Word* l.y Byron.
A charming Song, l.y this most popular Composer.
ERNEST PORI).
BECAUSE I LOVE THEE.
** Immense siicccm. Sung Everywhere.
FREDERIC CL1FFJS
HMIE BUFFOON.
pASTORELLA. Waltz.
By Composer of - M> Queen ” Walu.
piCK-A-BACK. Polka.
L By Composer of •• j\ and O.' Polka.
ALFRED CELL I ER.
CUMMER NIGHT IX MUXICH. Waltz.
By Comp >sor ..f “ Dorothy.”
MAY OSTLERE.
T)REAM (THE). Waltz.
B> ComiHiser of “ Hypatia Waltz.”
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. lyTETZLER'S RED ALBUM. ] B . each 1
^ ^ cw Bene, of Vocal amt Iii.truiiientnl Uiiaic. ! 'C ABLE LINENS.
No 1 contains Nine Songs by Goring Thomas 1
humvau. hnav,*, * ' ,0ma * > , TABLE LINENS.—Amongst the stoel
N °o£.r&®l? ht S ° ngs b * Cellier ’ Hatton, .n^
No S contains Eight Compositions for the '
'WSSUft I ,h “"
NO v,l ' CO ?? in '; Si!t Compositions for the ' T A S„ Sth^or
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f CASSELL’S FAMILY MAGAZINE for
^ DECEMBER, containing:
L TINTED FRONTISPIECE,« YOU LOVE ME STILL."
1 OUR NATIONAL SCHOOL OF HOUSEWIFERY,
a PRESIDENTS AND PRESIDENT-MAKING.
4. THE ART OK DRAMATIC RECITATION. Illustrated liy
r. DOBSON'S PLOTS. By David C. House.
9. THE MANCHESTER SHIP-CANAL.
»■ M A TRIM f)N MAXIMS^ BY A MARRIED MAN.
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SURPRISE. By Kate Eyre. Auth
]#. THE GATHERER: An Illustrated Record of Invention,
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30. AMATEUR FREE UNIVERSITY.
NEW SERIAL STORIES.
"• ™P]?£A? T '? AN . GE FraDk Barrett. Author
of Bj Misadt enture, Hidden Gold," &c. Illustrated.
22. MR. TRENCH OF BRASENOSE : The Romance of a Long
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THE STORIES are good, the pictures are
The TimS 1 **’ th ° 8e,ectionof subjects is strikingly varied. —
A MAGAZINE which ought to be in every
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iiake one of the choicest of the illus-
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M^A suitable for a house of ten room® See special
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r ITTLE FOLKS NEW VOLUME (First
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'THE ORIENT GUIDE. Chapters I
-.m T ™ v 5! l » rs '■>; Sea amt hr Until, mini Revue,l Edit,
TOO RE and MOORE.—Piat
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L 0YE i GOLDEN DREAM. By THEO
j n W MIKLR, fiplendidly lllustritcd. This most elmrm-
JjOVE S GOLDEN DREAM. Theo. Bonheur.
THEO. BONHEUR S NEW WALTZ
ROVE’S GOLDEN DREAM. Average Sale
IS NOW
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THE It AGE OP LONDON.
ROVE'S GOLDEN DREAM. Weekly.
IMMENSE SUCCESS.
ROVE’S GOLDEN DREAM. Theo. Bonheur.
IJIANO SOLO, 2s.; Septet, I w Full
Loat^'S ^j^^b^^liifta; K «-t
Mar lhorough-atrcet. w.
]VTR SI.MS REEVES will Sing LINDSAY
T:*- LLNNOXB popular Song, “ Low’s Golden Dream,”
during the coming season. 2s. net.—L ondon Music Prnr isii-
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B CRAMER and CO., 207 and 2(11).
INVENTIONS EXHIBITION.—The
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| jyjAPLE and CO—ORNAMENTAL CHINA.
id Silf-rna* <J0 *’ Totlenham - court - roBd f London; also at Paris
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(myrna.
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PARIS ILLUSTRE
Fr e c„ t en^l , .t.a i Vn'b l 'ar1 S . ,n ‘be
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“WORTH ITS WEIGHT IN GOLD” TO LADIEs!
M RS. LEACH’S HOME DRESS-MAKING.
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First and Second Series, for Ladies' Costume*.and Children's
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With Illustrations and Diagrams.
The “Globe” says: “This practical work should be in the
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jypS. LEACH’S FANCY WORK BASKET.
Containing over 100 Illustnitions. with Practical Lessons in
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QIMS REEVES ; His Life. By HIMSELF.
O “The book of the season."-Vienna New*,
i 1 vnl.. demy «vo, loa fld.
London Music Puoi,isuiko Com pa ft (Limited),
098
THE ILLUSTKATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 8, 1888
OBITUARY.
the niTHESS OF SUTHERLAND, COUNTESS OF CROMARTIE.
Anns, Duchess of Sutherland and Countess of Cromartie, died
on Not. 25. Her
Grace was only ohild
of Mr. John Hay
Mackenzie, of New-
hall and Cromartie,
and was born in
1829. In 1849 she
, married the present
* Duke of Sutherland,
K.G., and hod four
\IT L _ JL sons and two
-■—■—Tap daughters. In 18(11
■— " W her Grace was
created Countess of Cromartie and Viscountess Tarbat, with
limitation to her second surviving son Francis, who now
becomes Earl of Cromartie, who is married to the daughter
of the fourth Lord Macdonald, and has issue. The Duchess of
Sutherland was Mistress of the Robes to the Queen, 1870 to
1871; and Member of the Royal Order of Victoria and Albert.
The Mackenzies of Cromarty, the former Earls of Cromarty, of
whom the deceased Duchess was the heir, arc one of the most
distinenishflCAtmlies ill Scotland. A Portrait of her Grace,
fromTt"photograph by Mr. H. S. Mendelssohn, of Pembridge-
crescent. Notting-hill-gate, will be found in this week's
publication.
SIR ANTHONY MfSORAVF..
Sir Anthony Musgrave, G.C.M.G., late Governor and Cora-
mnnder-in-Chief of Queensland, died at Government House,
Brisbane, on Oct. 9, aged sixty. He was third son of Anthony
Musgrave, M.D., Treasurer of Antigua, and devoted himself
from an early period to colonial employment. In 1852, he
became Treasury-Accountant of Antigua, and Colonial
Secretary of the island from 1854 to 1880. He was sub¬
sequently Administrator of Nevis, and of St. Vincent. In 1862,
he was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of St. Vincent; in 1864,
Governor of Newfoundland; in 1869, Governor of British
Columbia ; in 1872, Lieutenant-Governor of Natal; in 1873,
Governor of South Australia ; in 1877, Governor of Jamaica ;
and in 1883, Governor of Queensland. He married, first, in
1854, Christiana Elizabeth, danghtcr of Sir William Byam; and
secondly, Jeanio Lucinda, daughter of Mr. David Dudley
Field, of New York.
SIR DAVID WILLIAM BARCLAY, BART.
Sir David William Barclay, Bart., of Pierston, Ayrshire, died
on Nov. 23. He was born Sept. 5, 1804 ; was
formerly Captain in the 56th and 99th Regi¬
ments, and acted as Aide-de-Camp to Lieutenant-
General the Hon. Sir Charles Colville, G.C.B.,
when Governor of Mauritius. In 1864 he was
appointed member of the Legislative Council
in that island. He was a great conchologist,
| / X. I and gathered many rare specimens during his
X/' a ^-.1 long residence in Mauritius. Sir David married
r ' v 'first, Feb. 16, 1829, Lis Josbphe De Rune,
daughter of Charles Malo, Marquis de Rune,and
secondly, in 1872, Emily, second daughter of
the late Mr. James E. Stacey, of Kingston,
Surrey. By his first wife (who died March 22, 1807) he
had several children; and by the second, an only son. He
succeeded to the baronetcy at the decease, in 1859, of his
nephew, Sir Robert Barclay, ninth Baronet. The title now
devolves on Sir David’s eldest son, Sir Colville Arthur Dwell
Barclay, eleventh Baronet, C.M.G.
MR. SAUTORIS.
Mr. Edward John Sirtoris, J.l’. for Hants, M.P. for Car¬
marthen from 1868 to 1874, died on Nov. 23, aged seventy-fonr.
He was eldest son of Mr. Urban Sartoris, of Scoanx Park,
near Paris, by Matilda, his wife, daughter of Mr. Edward
Rose Tnnno, of Warn ford Park, and received his education at
Trinity College, Cambridge. lie married, in 1842, Adelaide,
eldest daughter of Mr. Charles Kemble, and leaves a daughter,
May, wife of Mr. W. H. Gordon, and a son, Algernon Charles,
Frederick Sartoris, of Tichfield, Hants, who married, in 1874,
Ellen Wronshall, daughter of General Ulysses Grant, President
of the United States. _
We have also to record the deaths of—
Lieutenant-Colonel John Money Carter, late of the 1st
Royals (Royal Scots Lothian Regiment), at his residence,
Chiswick, on Nov. 28. He was born in 1812, and was the
only surviving son of the late Colonel John Carter, K.H.
Colonel Carter married, in 1839, the Hon. Jane Ferguson
Murray, danghtcr of Alexander, eighth Lord Elib&nk, by
whom ho leaves issue, surviving, two sons and four daughters,
the eldest son being Colonel Charles Alexander Edward Staple-
ton Carter, Comptroller of Military Accounts at Madras.
Major-General William Hichens, R.E., C.B., on Nov. 29.
The Rev. Richard Okes, D.D., Provost of King's College,
Cambridge, on Nov. 29, in his ninety-first year.
The Rev. Octavios Hartley, M.A., late Rural Dean of Pott-
erne, Bradford Portion, for eighteen years Vicar of Steeple
Ashton, Wilts, aged sixty-two.
Captain George Thomas Delmfi Radcliffe, lately of the 4fith
Regiment, on Nov. 28, youngest son of the Rev. Charles Del me
Radcliffe, Rector of Holywell, and grandson of Emilius Henry
Delmc, who assumed the name and arms of Radcliffe.
Sir Walter G. Stirling, of Faskine, county Lanark, on Deo. 1,
at his residence in Portman-sqnare. He was born in 1802, and
suoceeded his father as second Baronet in 1832. His memoir
will appear in our next issue.
Mr. Richard King-Wyndham, of Corhampton HonBe, Hants,
J.P., on Nov. 23. He was eldest son of the late Mr. John King,
of Fowelscombc, and assumed the surname and arms of Wynd-
ham in consequence of his marriage with Ellen Christian,
danghter of Mr. John Campbell, of Dunoon, and sister and
co-heir of Mr. John Henry (Campbell) W'yndham, of Cor¬
hampton. The Wyndhams of Corhampton, and The Close,
Salisbury, are a branoh of the Wyndhams of Dinton, Wilts.
BIRTH.
On Nov. 28, at Mcrrivate, Roes, the wife ol Frank J. Constable Curtis, ot
DEATHS.
On Dec. 1, at Plalstow Lodge, Bromley, Kent, Mary Jane, widow ot the
tenth Baron Klnnnlrd, and daughter of tho late W. H. Hoaro, Esq, ol
Mitcham Grovo, Surrey, aged 72.
On Doc. 1, 1888, nl Vinters House, Blackhcath, S.E., ot phthisis,Mary Ann
(Minnie) White, eldest child and only daughter ot tho lata Henry White,
Ksq (Treasurer ol Sir John Cass's Charity), and of Sarah, his wile ; aged
forty-one years. A loving and devoted daughter and sister,deeply mourned.
‘.The charge for the Insertion of Births, Uarriages, anil Deaths,
is Five Shillings .
WHAT IS YOUR CREST and WIIAT
vv is rotllt SIOTTO! - 8en.l ni» and canty to
CUM.ETOS'S Heraldic Ulltoe, fainting in heraldic ...
Ti. 6.1. fe.ligr.rss traced. The correct err.re for livcnee.
Tire nr.. hmi.nnd nnd wife blended. Crest engrave,! on
ami ihe«,Mr«»l. Book plate.*^en«rnved in ancient and
pULLETON’8 GUINEA BOX of
BT VTIOXF.ItT-a It earn of Barer and 5no Envelope*,
•tamped with Crest or Address. No charge for engraving
■tool die*. Wedding and Invitation Card*. A CARD
PIsATK and IIfly b.*t Card*, Printed, j*. ad., pout-free, l.y
T. Cl,'U.KTON,8oal Engraver, 25, Cranbourn-streei (curuer of
81. Marl'll'*'lane\ W.C. _
gMITHFIELD CLUB CATTLE SHOW,
J^OYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, Islington.
p. Pig*. Implements, Ron
fiATTLE SHOW.—Tuesday, Wednesday.
Thnruday, and Friday, Dec. 11, 13. 1.1 and 14. Open at
OLYMPIA. — WINTER EXHIBITION,
w AND PAIR OF ALL NATIONS.
Upon Ifcnlv, II a.m. to loanp.m.
ADMISSION O.VR SHILLING.
Children 6d.
Heated and ventilated thron-rlioul. Lighted by Electricity.
IS It AND CHRISTMAS FAIR. Toy* of all Nation*. The
Turkish Har.tar. The Divan and Onmin Den. English and
Dalian Marionette*. Herr Krhulr. (Zitherist to H R.II. the
Prince** of Wain*). Professor Wards Aquatic Kntortaiti-
tn'-nt. Dr. HoJdcn.
Ddlle Untie Dimple’* Tea Party, Daily at Five, in the
Model Doll House.
PltOMKNADK CoNCRirra. Vt»cal and Instrumental. at
Kurlit, EVERY KVKNING. Full Orchestra. Conductor, Mr.
Hadjn Millars.
Oiiinthiitec* and Train service* from a!! part* of London to
Add i sou-road.__
f 1 II 0 C O L A T M E N I E R.
\J Awarded
AMSTERDAM
EXHIBITION, 18
DIPLOMA OF HOXOrR.
C
1HOCOLAT MENIER in i lb. and } lb.
_ BREAKFAST,
( GiOCOLAT MENIER —Awarded Twenty-
V' Eight
( UIOCOLAT MENIER
(HRI8TM48 PRESENTS
RODRIGUES’, 42, PICCADILLY.
PURE, TASTELESS, AND DIGESTIBLE.
Sold Everywhere in Capsuled Bottles.
M onte carlo.
The Administration of the Society of the
BATHS OF MONACO
have the honour to announce the following arrangements
made by them for the
THEATRICAL REPRESENTATIONS, 1888-9:
Ml U K
Madame Vail):
[, L E. ’
Messieurs*Dcbupicrnirc. Soulncroix, Degrave.
Tuesday, Writ—Saturday, Itwb.
PHILEMON KT HAT.'IS.
Madame Taillnut-Couluricr;
Messieurs Dclnquerncra. Soulacrotx, Degrave.
Tuesday, 22nd—Saturday, 26tb.
Mo sdanies Same. Vai I lain-Couturier;_
Messieurs Delatiuerriero, Soulacrotx, Dcgrave.
FEBRUARY.
Saturday. 2nd.
SPINK & SON’S CHOICE OLD SILVER AND FINE JEWELS,
ILLUSTRATED CATALOBUE FREE.
Moderate Cash Frloes,
with 10 per Cent Dleoonnt.
Vaillant-Couturier;
re, Soulncroix, Degrave
tirday.uib.
MIG!
Mesdames Satin' **
McAsicura Dclaqucrr
Tuesday, 5t
Mesdatees Fid.-s-IV. rU's. Bnulenil;
Messieurs Dela«t uerriere,Sotilacroix, Degrave.
Tuesday. 12th—Saturday, ldtb.
LES PKCHEUR8 1»B PKRLKft.
Madame Fides-Devries ;
Messieurs Dupny, Houlacrotx, Dcgrave;
Tuesday. Httli—Hat unlay, 23rd.
MC!
RltiOI.ETTO.
Mesdames Fidcs-DevriCs. d»...«*>»»
- DupEty, Sotilacroix, Drgni'
dny. 2fltb.
, Bon land;
I.ES dragons' DK VILL ARS.
.. .•*—.Bon land ;
llacroix, Boiiland.
Brilliant Half-Hoop Rings,
Old Sliver Presents, from £2. £12, £15, £22, £35, to £85.
SPINK and SON, Goldsmiths and Silversmiths,
•2, Gracechnrch-street, Cornhill, London, E.C. [Estd. 7772.] choif|
Under the patronnge nf H.M. THB QUEEN. H.S.H. PRISCE LOUIS —
Of BATTESBERli, K.C.B.
CURED BY
!"Xm.
ItKTTK IMiXKA.
DRESSING CASES.
JEW El. CASKS.
CASKS DP I Volt V BRPSHBS.
CARRIAGE CLOCK4.
OPKIIA (iUSSKS.
SCENT DOTTLES.
FANS. IVORY AND PEARL.
RoXES op (JAMES.
LlQl Kt’K CAKES. .
TsKPPL AND ELEGANT PitK
VIENNKwK* 7 mi*PAR V ^?\ N n'o VKl.Tl't^^fnVin 11*1.'. £i.
TRAVELLING dressing bags.
A Morocco. Wit h Hall-marked Sterling Silver Fitting*,
£5 £10 108., £i :>, £20 , £30, to £.50.
PORTRAIT ALBUMS at RODRIGUES*.
-I fur Oarte«-d«*-Vi»ite and Cabinet I'*>rtrail*. lo*. ft*l. to £:-.
it KG 1 MENTAL AND .....
PnOT'KJRAPll KR4MF.S*
N »TK PAPER and ENVELOPES, brilliantly Illuminated 1.)
REST RELIEF'HfAMpVxts! any cXitr’/ia |* r IOO.
All Hie New and r*»hi..naMc N.ite-IM|wr.*.
HAM. FR<MJRAMMEH, MEM'S, and C.I'EST CARDS,
WKDfllXrt CARDS. INVITATIONS, and ROOK PLATES.
A VISITING CARD PLATE, elegantly Engnoed, and !*•
•upcrllne CARDS Printed,for 4*.«d.
RODRIGUES', 42, PICCADILLY, LONDON.
QOLDS
Anti-t'euirrh Smelling Bottle.
^LKARAM. (JOLDS.
^LKARAM. (JOLDS.
^LKARAM. (lOLDS.
J F inhaled on the first symptoms. ALKAR AM
£OCKLE'S
^NTIBILIOUS
TO LADIES.—SALE of NEW MUSIC, at
1 a large reduction and iw.*t-fro«\ All New Songs. Pieces,
TVTUSICAL BOXES.—Messrs Nicole Frbres
iinite Mi*pertmn of the Perfect Interchangcal.lc
Musical Rox (ltrgt-*! ered), by which a \ iiriery nMiir^oiu^lK'
1’rice-List Nti*. A, |'h» it-free. Musical lloxcs repaired.
( 1ASTELLAMAR E.—Hotel Quisisana.
V ' DoMHRKand Cannavai.k, whoescajied destruction by the
fill of Hie lift. I Pirmia Sentinel la at (’a*:»uuccii>la, from
tho can 11 * 111:1 ku, ln-po to sue the *>1*1 clients at Cn-to 11amare.
X ITCERNE- Hotels Schweizerhof and
J l.iiccrnerlntf. An extra lb»*r and two new lifts ndded
to ilie Schwei/s'i’liof. The electric light is supplied in the 5<‘0
rooms ; in* charge for lighting **r sn \ ice.
Hackkr Fit Kites, Proprietor*.
“ ANY DOCTOR WILL TELL YOU”
there i* no better Cftigh Medicine than KEATING'S
LOZENGES. On** go e* relief; if y..u suffer from r«utuii. try
/ lOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
V FOR LIVER.
POCKLES ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
V.' FOR RILF..
(1°,
T\TOTICE of REMOVAL to 136, Rpcent-iitreet.
11 W.-PO *B and PLANTE. Il.uiier*. Rb*rtmaker*, nnd
Manafarturern of Elastic Ktoeking*. have REMOVED from
W*t*rltto.|if*r» tu (he aliore ad dr cm.
PHEQUE BANK, Limited. Established 1873.
VJ A UtMgf nn*l K»./ Medium (or Smell ttamllteDCee.
f IQUEUR of the GRANDE CHARTREUSE.
\A Tin* dflicit u* Lniueur, which h.i* l.itcly coTiic no lunch
aolmg III gent ion nnd prrienting Dj »|ep*ia. «*nu now lie had of
Sole f'tsn^igvicc — W, IklYLK, 3‘», Cnitclu <1 friar*. London, E.C.
WHAT TO GIVE FOR A PRESENT .’-Few-
* * art manufacture* nffer *u«-li a large aelrei mil of
. CHINA and GLASS.iin.l fewer ill gne vomtcii f.lr so litrlc •
Special Lint isn npplir uion.
| ALFRED B. PEARCE,3u. I.udgate-hill. (F.stiblohcd ir»«.)
; OLDEN HAIR—Robare’s AUREOLINE
* pr*Mlucm tli* 1 ^ beautiful totblcn e*dniir no much admired.
, gl.-i!!*, 1 R 1 . lie»V K N D K N antis") NS 31 aiid ^Wrw ri-su."W)’
Mcsdanu. .
Mossiour# DeUWtie
MARCH.
Saturday,2nd.
I.ES DRAGONS 1>E A’ILL AM.
Me«iours*I)olat*««riiVel'^oullwrofx, riouland.
Thursdaj .^Uy^SftUirdsy, Sth,
M.-sd hue. Deschumpe, Veillaiit-C.uitnvier, Snutacrma ■
Me occur* DelMuerriero, Soulacrotx.
Tuesday, 12th—Sat nnlay, 16th.
Mossietire^tijunc/siHjaeri'isOJograve.
Tuesday. UKh-Raturday. 23rd,
JtOMKO KT JI'LIETTK.
MossieuV^Tala/’ >c, Soulacrotx, llegrave.
Tuesday. S6th-Satunlay,
LE ROl D VS,
Me “dam cs ^ D^chain j^.^Sini nnnM : ^
There will l.^dl.^rtts^ I>« BAU.ET
TWENTY URANI)*t'ONt'K r it , rs''*it 1, ANt 1 ‘'| l ENT and MODEItN
Ml STf..'Vcrr Tliiir«la) at sa.,c,liil,.CIlc*nKN.,v.r.
OltDI N A BY IDSCKltTS on »l her da) e, morning and e* enmg.
by the renownod Orchestra «»f Sixt> I crforiuer*.
THE “TIR AUX PIGEONS”
rrhSr 11 jSic ot
Saturday!'Dec. is. Prix do Robiano. An object of art, added
TupwlayV‘l^fsfprSxHStak*. An object of art, added to a
Salimlny.llvc. 22, n pnx de Montai*. An object of art, with
Monday! iieiv'ifTprix Van Pmtroon. An objoct of art, with
C p’rix Halford. An object of art, with
Momiay,' Tire, si! "Pri’x Moncorg6. An object of art, with
Ratiinlay,* Jan. 1 ”™^*, Prix Gayoli. 500 franca added to a
Tucrt'laj^daius! Pnx\'rosflcld. 500 francs added to ft poiilo
Th it rat hty Jjatb'in, Prix Seaton. 500 francs ndded to a poule of
Sal unfay ? Jan. 12, Prix Snint-Trivicr. 500 francs added to a
1MH1 g’r AN n'lNTER N A ,^ 1 R8B *
Monday Jan. liH'iiile Poule d'EMaL* awo franca added to a
poule of l<« fraiic*.
Wednesday..Ian. 10. Prix d’Oiivcrtnre
am francs added to inofrancs enti
VURSES (MAL E).-Thc Hamilton
11 A**ociatioi1 for rr*>v idi tig Trained Male Nnr-cs.22. Sontli
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i| r F'Vw*
Monday* Jan. 21. Prix de_Motile Carl*
^ francs.
An nbj.
In object of art and
d Prix du <M»inn.
LEANNESS or
FATNESS.
The investigations of a German Physician of deep
seientifle research in nsinclmr corpulency without the
►llirhte-t daiiffpr have led to the further dIseovery of a
itwaiis *if jiuttinp Hesli on tliln i*ersons nnd K^neral
development *d IIgnre. except in l*H‘al atrophy. Either
iciiiiphlct in Etigli.-lt free for one stamp—state If fat or lean.
Mann get*, Cliomherg Institute, 113, Kegent-st., London,YV.
object of art and
An object of art
Friday, Jan/K;'Saturday, Jan. 26: and Monday. Jan. 26,
THE THIRD TRIENNIAL CHAMPIONSHIP,
lect of art and .vin franc* ndded to son franc* *ntrancc.
gagemenis to be addressed to Mr. Bl»»nd»ii.
. ,.v Kvc«m<l Kories of Fifteen Matches begins on Jan.31,at.d
xtctuls to March 5. Particulars «>f Mr. Blondin.
ci added t«
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DEC. 8, 1888
_THE ILLUST KATED LONDON NEWS G99
by mud imperceptible, conUn U M oTi 3 T c E nrrInI E s ,i ’ SS - EXH ^ TI0N ' BRA ^ FAB > IMPAIRED VI TALITY, L IVER AN D KIDNEY DISEASES, LADIES’ AILMENTS, &0., CURED
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
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702
DEC. in, mss
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
The popularity of particular books is a subject that •• no fellow
cm understand " bv the ordinary processes of reasoning. The
logical mind, in fact, is not adapted for the solution of the
question, which apjjeuls to one of a much more common type,
and. indeed, the commoner the better. I have always main¬
tained that the marvellous success of Mr. Tupper's poems was
because they express ideas which are entertained by persons
of the most ordinary kind (and, therefore, the most numerous),
but expressed much better than they could express them.
For the first time in their lives they found that they under¬
stood poetry, and the revelation formed half the pleasure they
found in it. The same thing occurs with all who master a
foreign language, csnccially a dead one : they do not find one
half the beauties in it they assert they do, but they are en¬
raptured at finding any meaning in it at all. The “ Proverbial
Philosophy ” teaches philosophy and poetry at once to those
who havekij^irTJ nothing of either : and its verses arc “ to the
purpose—easy things to understand.” This latter attribute is
essential to great popularity. Mr. Browning may be the
greatest of poets, and Mr. Meredith the greatest of novelists ;
bat popularity—in its widest sense—they will never achieve.
Its simplicity of diction is one of the charms of the most
popalar book in the world, though “it never drew a smile or
a tear ”—“ Robinson Crusoe ” ; it is true it has Genius added,
but that is not the cause of its popularity, which is to be
found rather in its dramatic interest, and especially in the
fact that it describes a situation in which any one of us may
be placed and driven to the same shifts. Indeed, the popularity
of “ Robinson Crusoe” way be thus explained ; while that of
very inferior books almost equally sought after is in¬
scrutable.
Messrs. Rontledge have lately told us. through the Pall
Mall (itiirttr, that “ Valentine Vox ” and “ Handy Andy ” arc
the most popular of all the novels they produce. During the
last thirty-five years they have sold 31)4.000 copies of the
former and 237.O0O of the latter. From a literary point of
view (though the less attractive one is better written than
the other) they have little or no merit. For myself, indeed,
*• Handy Andy ” had no attraction at all. I never could get
through it; but ‘‘Valentine Vox” is full of adventure. I
have not read it for these forty years ; but it has one scene,
where the soles of a gentleman's feet, unjustly confined in a
private madhouse, are tickled to make him mad, ready for the
Government inspector, which will never leave my memory. It
was before the days of “ sensation ” stories ; but the inoident
may certainly lay claim to that title. The rest of the novel,
as I remember it, is dullish, and I fancy it is this pinch of
sensational salt which preserves it from decay ; it has also,
however, a great deal of a low class of humour—practical jokes,
which no doubt appeal to the taste of boys. Another novel,
“ Sylvester Sound the Somnambulist,” on the same lines and
by the same author (Cockton), had no such vogue, “(.’ailed
Back.” a much better book than “Valentine Vox,” still, no
doubt owed its marvellous run to its sensational character. I
should, indeed, be iuduced to put “sensation” first, as the
clement of popular attraction, and next, adventure aud
incident. Of Foe's tales, well known as they have been for so
long, no less than 29,ono copies were sold last year (the vast
public that consumes him know comparatively little of
Lefanu, a far greater master of the weird, but one whose style
is probably too subtle for them). “ Ivanhoc,” as one would
take for granted, seems to be the most attractive of Scott's
works. But the wonder of gigantic circulation arises when
one comes to the dull books. Everyone can understand the popu¬
larity of “ Uncle Tom’s Cabin ” ; but who can account for that of
“ The Wide, Wide World” and its congeners? They may
be full of merit; people who ought to know tell me they air ;
but what attraction do they possess that draws a whole world
of readers into their orbit, and leaves Scott (for example), by
comparison, discoursing to a little crowd ?
The lectures at the “ Kissing School ” recently established
in Philadelphia are no doubt entertaining, but their attraction
will probably depend upon the models that are engaged to be
experimented upon. These are not, I presume, lay figures. One
can hardly, os promised by the Professor, “ derive an cthcrial
pleasure” from kissing “lightly and deliberately” one of
those dreadful skeletons with gowns on that you see in the
windows of art-shops. You can’t “ put your right hand to her
left cheek ” (for she has no cheek worth speaking of), “draw
her face slowly forward to you, look her straight in the
eyes ” (they are mere sockets), “ bend your head down,” and
perform the operation. Kissing, it is true, goes by favour;
bnt not to this extent. It would be easy “ not to pucker up
your lips, but allow them to remain in a state of natural
repose,” in the presence of so unattractive an object. Of
coarse “she will be bashful,” and (if you move the proper
hinge) “ turn her head away"; but who cares what she does,
or doesn’t ? And yet, in all the interviewer has to tell us about
the new Professor and his mo9t interesting course of lectures,
there is not a word about the person who “ lends herself ” (or,
as is more likely, hired) “ to illustration.” It would be foolish
indeed for any student to go to Philadelphia with the object
of improving himself in this charming nrr. without having
this preliminary matter—of the model—distinctly understood.
It is easy enough to be humorous on subjects that lend
themselves to humour, but to evoke amusement where the
matter is dull requires the hand of a master. Mathematics,
for example, is a science that can hardly be said to be as full
of fun as it is of figures ; yet even mathematics has Iweu the
cause of merriment. When I was at Cambridge I knew a
lecturer—he has long “ joined the majority ” : not that be is
dead ; quite the contrary, he accepted a living, which is what
the majority of Fellows of Colleges do—who was a humourist,
lie persuaded the College to buy him models of “ the wheel and
axle ” to show ns how they worked, and the ratios of speed
which they had to one another. None of them ever acted as
he and his favourite pupil (who assisted him in these experi¬
ments) assured us they would ; which was much better for us
all. To watch, as tlic poet of the lecture-room expressed it—
IMiwiii au.l pup
<‘mixing n pulley that wmilJn't, pull up,
was worth any amount of scientific successes. To hear Hobson
say. “ The principle, however, remains the same,” after each
tremendous failure, was charming indeed, and we all enjoyed
it immensely. It was his theory that statics (or whatever
they were; I don’t know) were full of pathos, if only properly
dwelt upon by the human voice; and the following was his
favourite instance—“ But if A B is in the sa ne straight line
with CD, BC vanishes, the weight is supported by the im¬
movable fulcrum C and the body is at rest.” At the last
words his voice would sink and break most touchingly. He
was not a poet, though “ he lisped in numbers” (for he was a
born mathematician), but the performance drew tears from
eyes little accustomed to the melting mood.
This was a tour deforce (statics you know) of course, and,
after all, what are even the highest mathematics in the way of
dryness—though high and dry is a proverb—compared with the
aridity of the Law l Yet how brightly has wit shone upon it I
Who has not read Mr. Justice Hayes’s “ Written in the Temple
Gardens,” after the manner of the “ Elegy in a Country
Churchyard,” has missed a treat indeed :—
The grave attorney, knocking frequently.
The tittering clerk who hastens to the door,
The bulky brief and correspond Inn fee.
Are things unknown to all that lofty floor.
Mr. Frederick Pollock's “Leading Cases done into English”
are a delight to all who can understand them ; but as Shelley
was the poet for the poets, so is Mr. Pollock a legal wit for
lawyers ; he is caviare (though very good) “ to the general.”
Mr. Edmund Christian, in his recent “ Lays of a Limb of the
Law,” has given ns, on the other hand, such leading cases in
verse as must tickle everybody’s heartstrings. Take Climber v.
Wane for example, not because it is the best, but ( what should
make it dear to lawyers) the briefest, like all the rest it has
its proper reference ; though Heaven knows to what It is a
roundel (think of a roundel on a law case !)—
(Sin. L. 366. Temp., 1719.)
Who irnys a part in lieu of all
Knows not the mystic legal art:
For on him for the rest they *11 fall
Who pays a part.
Once Wane had touched his Cumber’s heart,
"Rive me a third your debt: I'll cull
It sen ltd,“ said he, in the mart ;
Yet sued and trained the rest. The Hull
Kang loud with plaints : “Ah. well-almcl dart!
lit* i«ys the rest with rising trail
Who pays a pan."
The good things are so many that I can only make “ refer¬
ences ” to them myself. See page 40, Cutter and Powell;
page 84, the great Brighton bug case and the “ Sonnets on the
Mortgagees” (which has a flavour of Mrs. Browning in the
title). Under “Legal Maxims.” too. see “The Song of the
Tyrannical Landlord,” which Home Rule papers please copy.
Our author is humorous even over the State trials—
Of fJenernl Warrants, dark and direful spring
Of deeds uncomaitmlnnal, he sings.
and of all sorts of most unlikely things to move men's minds
to mirth ; but yet he does it. It is a capital book.
A writer in a scientific periodical has lately given ns some
curious notes on suicide. He asserts that persons wishing to
destroy themselves “prefer to nse the means with which they
are most familiar ”—soldiers, for instance, resorting to firearms,
and doctors to narcotics. This sonnds probable enough ; but it
places other professions at a disadvantage. A clergyman
cannot end his days by throwing himself out of the pulpit
(because of the people below), and we know that his “ white
choker ” is only a figure of speech. A lawyer is much too
wise to precipitate matters. A literary man can, indeed, as
has been crnelly said of him, “ attempt his own life” ;’but the
essay is seldom successful, and paper and print, though
dangerous, are not deadly weapons. What seems very strange
there is nothing so provocative of imitation as any out-of-the-
way method of putting an end to our mortal coil. When the
Sultan of Turkey killed himself by opening a vein (which, as
a matter of fact, was obligingly opened for him) a good many
people adopted the same means of exit. Scores of persons
have thrown themselves off Clifton Bridge, as sheep follow'
sheep ; but not one has tried the Menai Bridge, though it offers
precisely the same advantages. We laugh at the follies of
fashion, but it has influence over the last act of our lives. As
regards the methods of leaving the world, it is singular that
the writer above referred to has made no mention of
machinists. Whenever they have decided to make an end of
themselves they almost always do so in a scientific fashion.
The most curious example I remember was the plan adopted
by a carpenter, some years ago, in Bouverie-street. He lived
in an underground room, in which was a cupboard, between
which and his bedstead he placed a bench. To the post of the
bed’s-head he fixed a heavy axe, the handle working freely on
a screw. He inserted in the cupboard door a double-action
pulley, to enable a rope holding up a stone weighing ninety
pounds to pass through it. He then lay down on the bench,
placed the axe in position, and cutting the rope which held the
weight with a razor, thus circuitously accomplished his object,
lie perished, in fact, by the guillotine, though lie was probably
unaware of it.
Among the small trials of life (hat have in their time taxed
a heavenly temper I count the woman who at a railway ticket
office, when there is not a moment to lose, can’t find her purse,
or enters into conversation with the clerk respecting her
change of trains. If conscious of her clumsiness or her
ignorance why does she not come a quarter of an hour earlier,
and clear the way ? What is to be said of a father who
encourages these habits in his female offspring and even worse ?
There was a parent the other day—he had been prosecuted six
times himself for not producing his railway ticket when
requested—who upon being asked by his daughter whether
she should follow his example for the seventh time, replied
- Do as you like, my child ; ” whereupon she produced it not.
Imagine a whole train full of passengers being kept waiting
by this marvellous pair ! I have never before known a woman
act in this way—though the sex arc devoted to delay—but
a man often. It is an idiosyncrasy (a word I some¬
times think derived from “idiots” and “crazy”) of some
males, generally of wealth and position ; they think it fine
not to submit to ordinary rules like ordinary people. Years
ago there was a person on the South-Western lino who would
never give aphis ticket; “ You are aware who I am.” lie would
say to the unfortunate official (who very often wasn't), “ and
that is sufficient.” He had generally his son with him, who
used to say, “ It is no use, Collector ; I know my dad so well,
and he won't do it.” And his diagnosis was quite correct. A
gentleman of sporting appearance was a Director upon a certain
railway, and, of coarse, did not pay his fare. He only used to
murmur, “ Director," and the man, who knew him very well,
used to touch his cap. On one suburban race-day—let ns
say Hampton—the order of the trains was changed, and with
it the collector; in the meantime the Director had become
Chairman of the company, and on being asked for his ticket,
murmured “Chairman.” “No, no! that won't 'do, my man;
yon’re a-going a little too far,” was the official’s playful
rejoinder. “ You’ve got ’Appy ’Amptou written upon your
countenance.” The Chairman, who was a capital fellow and
used to tell the story with great gusto, instead of being angry
with the man, as a fool would have been, “ very much applauded
what he'd done,’’ in refusing to take a stranger’s word for so
tremendous a statement, and recommended him for promotion
instead of dismissal._
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
An official correspondence has been published by the Indian
Government and the Secretary of State for India concerning
the recent expedition against certain tribes inhabiting the
Black Mountain, on the border of the Hazara district, north
of the Punjaub. It shows that ever since the British occu-
ation of the Punjaub the tribes on this part of the frontier
ave given serious trouble, and (lie effect of the Black Moun¬
tain Expedition of 18(18 and of fines and blockades has been
only transitory. The district concerned is a triangle bounded
on the north by the high mountains of Kohistan, on the west
by the River Indus, and on the east by the British frontier.
Within this area arc three principal tribes of Afghan origin,
the Hassanzai, Akazai, and C’higarzai, which number respect¬
ively about 2000. 700, and 3000 fighting men. During the last
few years, offences have been committed by the Akazais, the
Hassanzais, the Parari Synds, who have some Chigarzai
dependents living among them, and the Allaiwals; raids
were made into British territory, and British subjects
murdered. The attitude of the Ha9sanzai tribe became
refractory, and the Punjaub Government recommended
active measures. The mild expedient of a blockade was
first tried ; but on June 18, a party of British troops were
attacked by the tribes within the British frontier, and two
English officers and fonr Ghoorka soldiers killed. The tribes
concerned, on being asked for an explanation of this attack,
gave defiant or unsatisfactory replies, and the Punjaub
Government urged the sending of a military expedition to
the Black Mountain. After careful inquiries the Indian
Government were reluctantly forced to the conclusion that
to ensure the peace and order of the frontier this measure was
just and necessary. The operations of the Hazara Field-Force,
commanded in chief by General M'Queen, and divided into
four columns, advancing by different routes northward through
the Black Mountain country in the month of October, have
been sufficiently described and illustrated. We now present a
Sketch by Lieutenant Walter 0. Blair, of the 24th Punjaub
Infantry, which formed part of the third column; this
regiment, on Oct. 6, having advanced from the Oghi Fort two
days before, encamped on the mountain at Akhund Babn-ka-
Chura, at an elevation of 9100 ft., iu a situation exposed lo
severe weather; and our correspondent’s Sketch shows the
discomforts of the officers’ mess during a violent snowstorm.
THE SMITH FIELD CLUB CATTLE-SHOW.
The ninety-first annual show of the Smithfield Clnb was
opened on Dec. 10 at the Royal Agricultural Hall, Islington,
and continued till the 14th. The total exhibits are 320 head
of cattle, 197 sheep, and 86 pigs, being an increase in each
item, and a total increase of 63 over the number in 1387.
During the day the Prince of Wales visited the Show. His
Royal Highness remained for about an hour, and was much
interested in Lord Tankerville’s curious cross-bred steer.
Among the exhibitors of live stock were the Queen, the
Prince of Wales, the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, the
Dnke of Hamilton and Brandon, the Duke of Richmond and
Gordon, the Marquis of Bristol, and the Marquis of Bute.
The Queen is represented by thirteen entries in the cattle
classes—namely, six Devons, three Here fords, and four short¬
horns; and the judges have awarded to her Majesty two first
prizes, five second prizes, and three third prizes. The Prince
of Wales is represented by one animal each in the Devon and
shorthorn classes, and his Royal Highness secures a fourth
prize in the former class and the commendation in the latter.
Nineteen counties were represented at the annual meeting
of the County Cricket Council held at Lord's on Dec. 10, Lord
Harris presiding. The subject of residential qualification was
discussed, but only one slight alteration in the rules was
carried. Lord Harris was re-elected chairman.
The Public Libraries Act having been adopted by the urban
authority at Sittingbourne, who have had a library of valuable
books, numbering about 4000 volumes, presented to them, a
free library and reading-room was on Dec. 10 opened to the
public. The library is situated in the centre of the town, and
the ratepayers of the adjoining town of Milton have been
invited to participate in its benefits.
The University delegates propose to arrange a second
meeting of University extension and other students in Oxford
next summer. The objects of the meeting are to stimulate
and direct systematic home-study by means of short courses of
lectures ; to supplement University extension teaching by a
brief period of residence and study in Oxford ; and to afford
opportunities for conference between teachers and others
interested in education on the best means of developing
University extension and other educational work. The nest
part of the meeting will begin on Tuesday, July 30, an< *
end on Friday evening, Aug. 9 ; and the second part of
meeting will begin on Aug. 12 and end on Aug. 30.
i lie elegant art of hair-dressing, like all other arts, most in
this age come forward with its exhibitions of competitive
uactiee. More than one such performance in London has of
ate years claimed public notice : and London-super-Mare had
ils turn a few days ago. In the Pavilion, the Palace once of
Georgian celebrity, no longer the Brighton abode of Royalty,
but the resort of various kinds of popular entertainment, an
Exhibition of “ historical, powdered, and fancy coiffures " was
opened on Monday, Dec. tf, in aid of the funds of certain
benevolent institutions for relieving distressed members of a
respectable and useful trade. Mr. Truefitt, of Bond-street,
London, was one of its chief promoters ; and Mr. W. Ilopgood,
of Brighton, took an active part in the local arrangements.
Any student of the history of costume and cosmetics, which is
an instructive branch of human and social and national history
in general, might have gained some additional knowledge by
visiting the rooms. The afternoon promenade, with much
that was curious, ingenious, and beautiful to admire, was
enlivened by a concert of music from Gates's orchestra, and
was attended by many ladies and gentlemen of fashion. In
the evening, twenty of the most skilful artists in hair*
dressing, convened from different cities and towns of tho
United Kingdom, made a practical demonstration of their
faculty on the heads of proud and happy female victims.
In full view of an assembly of spectators, whose taste and
experience well enabled them to judge of the merits of the
work. It ought to be esteemed one of the finest of the fine
arts ; for its material—though, as Dean Swift wrote on the
packet containing Stella’s remaining tress, it is “only a
woman’s hair”—may in some cases be infinitely more precious
than silken or golden threads. And what picture or sculpture
was ever so worthy to be cherished as a pretty human head l
We cannot reveal the names of the fair subjects of this adorn-
ment; nor would it, perhaps, be fair to the profession
that those of the prise-winners should be set forth here
in a published list.
Best Irish Setter of any breed.
rd, Duke of Marlborough. Mr. R. T. Martin's Boarhound. Enj
Mr. Farrow’s Champion Spaniel, Gipping
Mr. Harry T. Clar
of Warwick.
:’s Champion Greyhound, Charles Davis.
Mr. Hood. Wright's Champion Bloodhound, Hector.
Mr. J. S. Pybua Selous’ Champion Bulldog, Datholl
Mr. Boyle’s Champion Ft. Beraan
Champion Yorkshire Terrier, Ted.
TH£ DOG-SHOW AT BIRMINGHAM.
DEC. 15, 188S
70C
- THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
strut*. with secondary ties to assist in holding up the bottom,
all made of steel. By these menus, the Forth Bridge will bo
carried over t wo spans each of 1710 ft., nearly a third of a
mile, besides the half-spans extending inland, where the ends
of the cantilever girders, at and beyond the piers of support,
are ballasted so os to counterbalance the weight of the sus¬
pended parts and of any trains passing over them. To allow
for expansion or contraction of metal, the connecting central
girders, resting on the cantilevers, each weighing about
ho.'i tons, are only rigidly attached at one end, leaving the other
end free. No one can fail to admire the mechanical ingenuity
of the wholo contrivance, which relies on the principle of
“stablo equilibrium," instead of a rigid union of all the parts
of this immense and ponderons structure. It will scarcely,
like the unfortunate Tay Bridge, be liable to be blown down
by a gale of wind.
Our Engravings show a general view of the Forth Bridge
so far as it is at present completed, and a more detailed view
of one of the piers and the great double cantilevers resting
upon it.
We may repeat, in conclusion, that each opening of the
Forth Bridge is omr-third of n mile in clear span ; which un¬
precedented width is spanned by a steel structure made up of
two cantilevers or brackets, projecting 075 ft. from the piers,
and a central lever connecting the ends of the cantilevers. As
shown in the Engravings, the cantilevers project about 400 ft.
from the piers; and pieces are being added to the ends at a
rate which will complete the bridge next year. It was re¬
ported that, daring the recent storms which did so much
damage to shipping, the Forth Bridge had suffered ; but as a
matter of fac^. not a plate or bolt
was shaken, although, in its present
condition, the structure has not one-
lmlf of its final strength.
BIRMINGHAM CATTLE
AND OTHER SHOWS.
The National Cattle-Show at Bing-
ley Hall, Birmingham, which always
takes place a week or two before
that held in the Agricultural Hall
of London, has this year been not
less worthy of notice than usual,
though of sheep there was a much
smaller number of pens filled than
on preceding occasions, and the
swine also were less numerous,
however good in quality. We
present an Illustration of the
beautiful cow of a Scotch polled
breed, which was pronounced the
finest animal in the Cattle-Show.
The Birmingham Dog-Show and the
Birmingham Poultry-Show, held at
the same time, furnish suitable
subjects for other Illustrations,
with which the lovers of domestic
animals, the connoisseurs of canine
virtues, and the masters and mis¬
tresses of the farm-yard, will not
be displeased. The Dog-Show
at Carson Hall had sixty
pointers and some fine setters,
thirty bloodhounds, and nearly
as many deerhounds.
•M*RILKE MEMORIAL
HALL, EALING.
An Illustration of this build¬
ing. with some account of its
erection and opening,’is given
on another page. Information
of its architectural details,
having been supplied too late,
must bo taken separately and
briefly. Its style is English
Gothic, freely treated for
modern requirements; the
Avails are of stone. Theoentral
feature is a two-storeyed oriel
window, over the principal
entrance ; to the right is a
tower 145 ft. high, separating
the public offices from the Free
Library wing. The east and
west ends of the building ter¬
minate with hipped roofs. As
for the interior, there is an
cntrance-hall of stone arcades,
with red granite shafts; a
central staircase leads to the
Public Hall. To the left and
to the right are different offices of the Local Board, with a second
entrance to them on the west side, and a second staircase. On
the first floor are the Board-room. 45 ft. by 25 ft., and 21 ft. high,
with open trussed roof, traceried windows, and oaken floor ;
committee-rooms ; and the medical officer's department. The
Memorial Hall, 100 ft long, 45 ft wide, and 40 ft. high, has an
open trussed hammer-beam roof, elaborately pierced. From
the west end of the building there are two entrances to it,
with a staircase on the right and another on the left, one of
these leading to the lower hall, which is 40 ft by 25 ft. by
14 ft high, and beyond that to retiring and cloak rooms. The
Free Library, in tho east wing, is approached by a single door¬
way similar to the double doorway of the main entrance. On
the ground floor are the reference library, 33 ft. by 22 ft.; the
lending department. 30 ft. by 28 ft.; and at the north end tho
reading-room, 32 ft by 2fi ft The whole of the area covered
by these departments is half-basemen ted with two large class¬
rooms for the science and art department, the centre being
devoted to the library, with a lift to the lending department.
Tho buildings have been constructed by Mr. Hugh Knight, of
Morden, Surrey, to the design and under the superintendence
of Mr. Charles Jones, architect and surveyor to the Ealing
Local Board. Mr. R. E. Crossland was his principal archi¬
tectural assistant. _
Miss Amelia B. Edwards gave a brilliant lecture, on Dec. 7,
at The Priory, Nutfield (by kind permission of Mrs. Fielden),
on *‘Thc Buried Cities of Egypt." Before entering upon her
subject, Miss Edwards gave a brief sketch of the formation of
the Egypt Exploration Fund. She alluded, in passing, to
tho increasing preponderance of American over English sub¬
scribers to the fond, and stated that, unless English subscriliers
came forward to balance this preponderance, tho committee
might find themselves embarrassed in their disposal of the
excavated treasures ; the claims of the Boston Museum having
already to bo admitted alongside of those of the British and
provincial museums.
THE COURT.
On Sunday morning, Dec. tho Queen and the Empress
Frederick, with the Roynl family and the members of the
Royal household, attended Divine service in the private
chapel. Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, with
Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, dinod with their
Majesties and the Royal family in the evening. The Qneen
went out on Monday morning, the 10th, with the Empress
Frederick and Princess Sophie of Prussia. Princess Beatrice,
attended by the Hon. Lady Biddulph, left the castle in the
morning for Buckingham Palace, there to join Prince Henry
of Battenberg. en route to Darmstadt, on account of the
alarming illness of the Prince's father, Prince Alexander of
Hesse. The Prince and Princess of Wales, with Prince Albert
Victor and Prince George of Wales and the three Princesses,
arrived at the castle. Tho Prince, accompanied by Prince
Albert Victor and Prince George of Wales, inspected the
Queen’s farm-stock at the Shaw Farm on the 11th, previous to
next day's sale. In tho evening the Empress Frederick, the
Prince of Wales, and other members of the Royal family
attended the service at St. George's Chapel.
The Prince of Wales, who had been visiting Mr. Tyssen-
Amherst, at Didlingtou Hall, Norfolk, arrived at Marlborough
House on Saturday evening, Dec. 8. On Monday, the 10th, the
Prince visited the Smithfield Club Cattle Show, at the Agri¬
cultural Hall. Islington. The Princess of Wales, accompanied
by Prince Albert Victor, Prince George, and Princesses Louise,
Victoria, and Maud, arrived at Marlborough House from
Sandringham. The Prince and Princess, accompanied by
Mr. Reginald B. Astloy's Mandarin Ducks.
F. Fonlham'a Egyptian Geese.
THE TOULTRY SHOW AT BIRMINGHAM
Mrs. J. W. Dirk's Whistlers.
ORNAMENTAL WATER-FOWL.
Princes Albert Victor and George and Princesses Louise,
Victoria, and Maud, left Marlborough House in the evening on
a visit to the Queen._
THE SILENT MEMBER.
Legislators surely merit public sympathy. They may not be
unaccustomed to a certain amount of political haziness within
the walls of St. Stephen's. But when the thickest of Londcn
fogs enters the House, and materially adds to tho discomfoifc
of sitting far into December, senators may be pardoned for
longing for tho Christmas holidays, to escape to a pure and
bracing atmosphere. Whilst the Marquis of Salisbury, it
appears, will remain at home to guard the interests of the
Empire, Mr. Gladstone and Mr. W. H. Smith flit to the more
congenial climates of Italy and the Riviera ; and Lord
Randolph Churchill leisurably packs up his portmanteau for
an instructive and recuperative trip with Colonel J. T. North
to Sonth America in the New Year.
The Prime Minister had an important announcement to
make respecting Persia in the House of Lords on the Eleventh
of December, when Viscount Sidmouth distinguished himself
as arch-interrogator. There had been on amusing overture
on the part of Lord Denman, who took exception to being
boycotted, as he implied, by the able and urbane chief of tho
Time*' Parliamentary staff, Mr. Leycester; but no other
noble Lord, I imagine, would have dared to question
the amplitude of the Times' exhaustive reports of Par¬
liamentary speeches. Their Lordships then agreed—when
they do agree, their unanimity is wonderful—to the Commons’
amendment to the Irish Land Purchase Bill; and gave an
opening to Lord Sidmouth to display his interest in Table
Bay and Simon’s Bay improvements, in docks for “ Gib." and
Bombay, and, his eye with fine frenzy rolling, even in Persia.
This afforded Lord Salisbury an
opportunity, in bis happiest manner,
to extol the “ very high diplomatic
capacity ” of onr adroit Minister at
the Court of Teheran, Sir Henry
Drummond Wolff, but at the same
time to do justice to the enlighten¬
ment of the Shah himself. The
noble Marquis who so easily bears
cn hi9 broad shoulders the heavy
dual burdens of Premier and
Foreign Secretary indeed showed
that the Oriental potentate whose
flashing diamond aigrette is so well
remembered in the Metropolis is
quite prepared to move with the
spirit of the times. The Shah of
Persia has. in fact, wisely come to
the conclusion that his country
needs the aid of our Government
to stimulate commerce in his do¬
minions. With this view, his
Majesty has consented to open the
port of Mohummreh and the River
Karun to European traffic. New
markets for British products being
so desirable, manufacturers and
merchants will welcome the news
communicated by Lord Fnlislury.
The linked dullness long drawn
out of the protracted discussions in
the Commons—relieved only
now and again by an eloquent
outburst of Gladstonian ora¬
tory, by a skilful pyrotechnic
display on the part of Lord
Randolph Churchill, or bv a
diversion in the Parnellitc
ranks—has proved to demon¬
stration that tepics would be
forthcoming for debate were
the House to sit incessantly
all the year round. The
mischief of it is that we get
very little forwarder. Much
cry and little wool is still the
deplorable rule. This is cer¬
tainly not the fault of itc
laborious and painstaking
Leader of the House, for Mr.
Smith is remarkably terse and
businesslike. May his exemp¬
lary succinctness spread !
Should that happy time arrive
when brevity would be the scul
of Parliamentary wit, wc
should at length boast a model
Session. Meanwhile, disrelish
of a Saturday sitting in Decem¬
ber caused faint interest to be
taken even in the Home
Secretary's report of the Sheehy
Committee, who decided that
Jeremiah Sullivan had com-
CAPE GUARDAFUI, EAST COAST OF AFRICA.
Cape Guardafui, sighted by most steamers in the Indian Ocean
proceeding westward to Aden and the Red Sea, is the northern
limit of the combined British, German, and Portuguese
blockade. The portion of the east coast of Africa thus
blockaded extends from Zanzibar to Cape Guardafui. This
naval demonstration against slavery will consist probably of
about twenty-five ships of war, carrying about 150 guns and
4000 men. The land is a wild and inhospitable one. Duarte
Barbosa first tells us of it in 1516. in the times when the Kings
of Portugal swept these seas with their ships, and levied tribute
at the Straits of Mecca, lying between Socotra and Capo
Guardafui. In our own times, heavy tribute is often paid by
silk and tea laden steamers. It is a dangerous coast, and all
the skill of seamanship cannot save the homeward bound
steamer from destruction if canght beneath the cliffs of
Guardafui. It is at this cape that the coast ends northward,
and trends so as to double towards the Red Sea.
Our Views of Cape Guardafui are from sketches made by
Lieutenant-Colonel W. T. McLeod, of the Commissariat and
Transport Staff. The capo, seen either from the north or
sonth, is of a light red tint. A remarkable depression of tho
land is seen in the view from the north. It is as if Nature
had hewn out a stupendous carriage-way for traffic with the
interior. It is, however, but a highway of shifting, yellow
sand, apart from the haunts of man. In the daylight,
Guardafui stands, bore and bleak, in a shimmering blaze of
intense heat; tho very atmosphere is yellow, and filled with
an impalpable dust. A table-land—IKK) ft. in height—rises
above the sand-hills and the lesser plateaus; scorched and
burnt, vegetation finds no place in these stony deserts and
sandy hillocks. Below, the blue waters of the Indian Ocean
lio calm and tranquil.
mitted a distinct breach of privilege, and warned him not to
do it again ; tho House is becoming tired of the pastime of
Balfour-bniting ; aud one and all are anxious for the last of
the estimates to pass, in order to escape with alacrity to fresh
woods and pastures new. The good news that Mr. Bright was
better occasioned general satisfaction at the commencement of
the second week in December in the House, where the bulletins
from Rochdale have been scanned with the deep interest we
all felt when his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales was
battling against fever at Sandringham just seventeen yearaago.
THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION.
The judicial Commissioners had reached their thirtieth sitting
at the Law Courts in the week ending Dec. 15, and were still
hearing the examination and cross-examination of witnesses.
Pat Molloy, of Dublin, was supposed to have been a Fenian or an
“ Invincible,” which he denied ; this man was brought up
under guard of two of the Irish police, having been arrested
and sent to London, aDd confined in the Holloway Prison, for
nob obeying the summons of the Court. He was once employed
as a canvasser for a respectable firm of book-publishers in
London. His evidence was to have been discredited by
that of Mr. Walker, who also, for the facility of
making personal inquiries, had called himself Mr. Thomp¬
son, and who was clerk to a Dublin solicitor. M r.
Arthur Shaen Bingham, a landowner in Mayo, gave evidence
respecting an attempt to shoot him, in 1881, while driving in
a car with his wife and a young lady ; the shot was fired by a
man dressed as a woman : Mr. Bingham and the young lady
were slightly wounded. He afterwards used to carry a revolver,
but had none on that occasion. Being asked, in cross-exami¬
nation, whether his revolver did not go off by accident, he
simply replied, ‘ It could nob go off, for it was not in my
possession. Onr Sketches are portraits of these witnesses,
and of Bridget Barrett, the widow of one of Mr. Bingham’s
tenants, who was murdered about the same time.
ADUWK63-
SIR F. LEIGHTON'S OPENING
MR. ALMA TADEMA'S ADDRESS (PAINTINGJ.
MR. WALTER CRANE'S ADDRESS (DECORATIVE ART).
THE
LIVERPOOL ART CONGRESS.
The National Association for the Advancement of Art and its
Application to Industry has been founded in response to
desires and suggestions expressed very often in speeches and
writings for thirty or forty years past, and has the goodwill of
influential leaders of social opinion. It may do some good,
and the only ground for scepticism is a doubt whether the
English race, in general, has been endowed by its type of
mental constitution with any natural capability of highly
appreciating plastic art. though a few good sculptors, as well
as a few architects of talent other than that of adaptation
and that of construction, are found in successive generations.
Painting is another matter, and England has certainly pro-
dneed some of the best landscape artists and some of the best
portrait-painters in the world. We shall see what we shall see,
or posterity will see what may come of the patriotic endeavour
to cultivate a perception of beauty in form—that is the de¬
ficiency in the average English mind. The first Congress of
the Association, held at St. George’s Hall, Liverpool, on
Monday, Dec. 3, and following days, was as much of a
success as meetings with speeches and resolutions and ex¬
cellent sentiments can achieve towards an object which is only
the beginning of a new branch of national education. Sir
Frederick Leighton, Bart., the accomplished President of the
Royal Academy, was supported by Mr. Alma Tadema, A.R.A.,
President of the Section of Painting: Mr. Alfred Gilbert,
A.R.A., President of the Section of Sculpture ; Mr. George
Aitchjson, A.R.A., President of the Section of Architecture ;
and Sir. Walter Crane, R.I., President of the Section of Applied
or Decorative Art. The addresses delivered by these gentle¬
men have been reported, and have, no doubt, been thoughtfully ‘
perused by a very large number of readers who understand
and enjoy the fine arts, or some fine art, and who would gladly
be taught to recognise Art in the abstract, if the mystic
meanings of aesthetic philosophy could be as readily compre¬
hended by our countrymen as by the divinely inspired Greeks—■
inspired by repute, or by the erudite Germans who make it
an academic profession. We may all hope to learn, and even
to improve oar notions of the ideal in sculpture and of archi¬
tectural harmony, notwithstanding the indestructible materials
of bad examples of those particular arts ; while in painting,
which is less permanent and less obtrusive, there is always the
facility of using improved skill in execution to present original
ideas in which the English mind, with its sensitiveness to
the beauties of Nature, is not wanting ; and a great improve¬
ment in our decorative art has already been effected. The
opening of the Liverpool Art Congress is, therefore, an
event on which pnblic congratulations seem to be due;
and our Sketches, representing Sir Frederick Leighton, Mr.
Alma Tadema, Mr. Aitchison, and Mr. Walter Crane, deliver¬
ing their respective presidential addresses, are given as an
expression of sympathy with this laudable effort. Sir James
Picton, the munificent donor of an Art Gallery and chairman
of the Free Library, Museum, and Art Gallery Committee of
the Liverpool Corporation, was chairman also of the Reception
Committee for the visit of the Art Congress. The Mayor of
Liverpool, Mr. E. H. Cookson, entertained the members of the
Congress with a banquet in the Townhall. The Congress has
been invited to meet in 1889 at Edinburgh, but we understand
that this has not yet been deoided.
The directors of the Union Steam-Ship Company have sent
ont to their chief agent in South Africa—Mr. T. E.'Fuller,
M.L.A., of Capetown—two 20-gninea gold watches for present¬
ation, respectively, to the Colonial cricketer who makes the
highest score in any match against Major Warton's English
team, and to the Colonial bowler who takes tho largest num¬
ber of wickets in any match against the same English team.
Princess Christian visited the Royal Female School of Art
in Queen-square on Dec. 7, and opened the new studio recently
added to the institution.
Lord Justice Bowen distributed, on Tuesday evening,
Dec. 11, the prizes gained by the students of the City of
London College, Moorfields.
There is in Messrs. Parkins and Gotto’s new galleries for
toys in Oxford-street an extraordinary assortment of amusing
and grotesque mechanical and musical toys, that cannot fail to
enliven the Christmas of many of our juvenile friends. The
objects vary greatly, some being very low-priced, while one
large elephant, beantifhlly modelled and capable of holding
a number of presents, is priced at eighteen guineas.
All matters have now been definitely settled for holding a
Spanish Exhibition in 1889 at Earl's Court, upon the site of
the late Italian Exhibition. The president will be the Duke
of Wellington, Grandee of Spain : and the vice-president,Colonel
J. T. North. The most elaborate preparations are being made,
and some important arrangements have been entered into by
the authorities.
The fonndation-stone of the Fnlham Townhall was laid by
the Rev. F. H. Fisher. Vicar of Fulham, on Dec. 10. A sealed
jar, containing a copy of The Timex newspaper of that date.
The Illustrated London Xews of Deo. 8tbl and three local
newspapers, together with a set of silver and copper coins, was
deposited in a cavity of the granite block. The hall will cost
upwards of £20,000. Mr. George Edwards is the architect;
and Mr. Charles Wall, of Chelsea, the builder.
DEC. 15, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
MR. H. RIDER HAGGARD.
Thin clever and ingenious novelist has won such extensive
oclebritv that we may feel sure of the ready acceptance of his
portrait by an immense multitude of readers, who arc so well
Acquainted with his stirring romances as not to require any
details of bis personal biography : and it may even be con-
side red that a popular author, working in his study for the
public entertainment, has no need, individually, to allow the
world to comment on his unassuming private life. There are
few among those who delight in the contemporary literature
of fiction to whom Mr. Rider Haggard s books arc unknown.
• King Solomons Mines,*’ “The Witch’s Head.” “She.” and
*• Allan Quatermain,” with their wondrous revelations of
Central African mysteries, of wild savagery and heathen
civilisation, and of the miraculous preservation of customs and
institutions derived from prehistoric antiquity, are quite as
familiar, to many of us, as “ Robinson Crusoe,” or “ Gulliver’s
Travels.” or “ The Arabian Nights.” If certain grave critics have
deemed it their duty to object to these interesting tales on the
ground of their lack of consistency with ascertained facts of
geography and ethnology, or with the understood physical
laws of Nature, or with the conditions of human character
and tehaviour under any concei fable social influences, it is a
•nmtfeirwiMfC that they nrc not intended to satisfy the
scientific critics, but to amuse the fancy : and in this purpose,
it cannot bo denied, the author has been one of the most
successful writers of the day. He has, we believe, sojourned
a while in South Africa, and has had an opportunity of seeing
what Zulus ami Kaffirs are like, his descriptions of the habits
and manners of those races agreeing fairly with those which
are to be found in authentic books of travel. As for the
imaginary preternatural incidents, the subterranean rivers
and unquenchable fires, the tremendous caverns and chasms,
the sorcery and magic, the treasures hoarded for ages, the
splendid cities of sculptured marble, with golden palaces and
temples, where immortal Queens of enchanting beauty and en¬
thralling wisdom ittle for thousands of years over an obedient
warlike population—why should not these romantic dreams
he permitted for our diversion, ns well as the perusal of
Homer’s “Odyssey." the various marvels related by Ariosto,
the fables of Indian, Persian, or Arabian invention, or the
“ Earthly Paradise” of Mr. William Morris? What may be
told in verse can also lx; told in prose ; and nineteen people ill
twenty now like prose reading much better. Among the other
productions of Mr. Rider Haggard are to be mentioned his
“ I) .wn,” “ Jess." “ Mr. Mceson’s Will,” and “ Maiwa’s Revenge.”
each of which has been received with public favour; “Colonel
Quaritch, V.C.,” a novel in three volumes, recently published ;
and his great story of ancient Egypt, entitled “ Cleopatra.”
which will appear by weekly instalments in The Illustrated
London Xni't, beginning with our first publication in the New
Year.
The Portrait of Mr. Rider Haggard is a drawing from
life, specially made by one of our own Artists.
NEW BOOKS.
Colonel Quaritch, V.C., a Tale of Country Life. By II. Rider
Haggard. Three vols. (Longmans).—The popularity of this
author, though chiefly won by stories of a different kind, is so
widely established that many readers are gained beforehand
to a new tale written by him. Yet while few writers of
fiction can more potently arouse the imaginative joy of a
description of fierce fighting, there is none of that sort of
entertainment here, in spite of the military rank aud the
Victoria Cross worn by his modest hero. The Colonel has
retired on half-pay. in the forty-fourth year of his age. before
the story begins ; he has come* to reside, with an income of
about £a year, in an ancient cottage on the Molehill at
Honham, bequeathed to him by his aunt. A recent magazine
essay on “ Names in Fiction," by one of the most judicious
literary critics of the present day, emboldens as to ask why a
typical plain English gentleman should be appointed to bear
a unique foreign surname, heretofore known to Londoners only
in connection with a highly-respectable business familiar to
scholarly amateurs of rare and precious exotic or antique
books. “ Quaritch " does not go well with “ Harold,” w hich
is, perhaps, itself a Christian name of too youthful an air for
a man of the Colonel's time of life, though he could nowise
got rid of it after wearing it gracefully and gallantly at one-
and-twenty. But the objection most likely to bo taken by
ordinary novel-readers to Harold Quaritch personally is that
his mature disposition and behaviour show no trace of his
ever having boon a young man; he could never have been
handsome or graceful; and though he must, as a soldier, have
exhibited on some occasion, in India, what is officially styled
“ gallantry," which thousands of other soldiers would show if
they hail the lucky opportunity, the social quality that oftener
takes that name, in his demeanour to either sex, is not more
especially conspicuous than it may be in any quiet civilian.
He is unquestionably a very honest, manly, straightforward,
generous fellow', with plenty of moral courage, which is a
much better quality; and when he has, with ample justifica¬
tion, called Mr. Edward Cossey a cur and a blackguard, he
offers to cross the Channul lor the purpose of fighting
a duel—an improper and unnecessary invitation w’hich
Mr. Edward Cossey more wisely declines. Still, the part
which Colonel Quaritch has to play, throughout this
story, is that of self -possessed inactivity, with a patient
attendance on the young lady who has captivated his
middle-aged affections, until the period arrives, near the end
of it all. for him to discover a hidden treasure in the Dead
Man's Mount, behind his own back garden. This feat of
digging up a hoard of old gold coins, on a stormy winter
night, in a pit where it ha9 lain guarded by skeletons for more
than two centuries, is told with the intense descriptive force
to be expected in such a narrative by the author of “ King
Solomon’s Mines.” But it is not of a nature to cast much
light on the complex conditions of individual character ; for
any tolerably courageous man. with a strong motive, whether
of love and friendship, or of greedy avarice, would do the
same, if free from superstition, when he hail deciphered the
cryptogram of the writing in the old Bible. There is no flavour
of tho “ V.C.," or of “ distinguished gallantry,” about such an
action ; we like and esteem Colonel Quaritch, as a worthy
country gentleman of small pretensions and an unassuming
faithful lover ; we are sincerely glad;that ho helps to save the
Squire’s estate from ruin, and that he finally becomes the
husband of Ida; but he does not come up to the romantic
idoal of a hero. The Squire, for his part, is a type
of the conventional attributes of on old-fashioned Tory
oountry landlord, with the exception, again, of his family
name, De la Molle. which is neither English. Norman, nor
French ; and that of Dofferleigh, which originally belonged to
his ancestors, seems almost equally impossible in our national
history. He is, personally, to judge by his sayings and doings,
such a foolish, vain, selfish, obstinate old man. that we cannot
much care for the impending risk of his ejection from Honham
Castle, as he has no male heir, and his only daughter may
have a good husband, able to support her and her father ns
poor gentlefolk to tho end of their lives. Seriously, it is
difficult to approve, on the consideration of raere pnde of
ancestry, Ida's intended self-sacrifice for the price of £ SO,000
to a man whom she and her father both detest and despise.
Mr Etl ward Cossey, the son of the rich London banker, and a
base scoundrel with an inheritance of half a mi.lion. carrying
on as she knows, a criminal intrigue with a married w oman
in the neighbourhood. So daughter capable of consenting to
such a marriage, especially after avowing her love for another
man shonld be regarded as an honest yonng woman ; so the
heroine, ns well as the hero, of this disagreeable social com¬
plication appears to us a failure in moral interest; while the
hereditary claims of the De la Molles to keep their mortgaged
property, even by a proposed transaction of this unworthy
kind, do not command onr sympathy. Much is said of the
noble ancient race of English landed proprietors, and of the
inferior class, often rich tradesmen, bankers, or lawyers, who
now sometimes come into possession of their former estates.
But every diligent student of the domestic history of England
has ascertained that in the means by which the oldest landed
estates were originally acquired, there was incomparably more
chicanerv, servility, and treachery, than can now be practised,
and that*modern purchases, or mortgages and foreclosures, are
more honest dealings than some of those on record under the
Tudor and Plantagcnet reigns. These reflections are presented
only as an antidote to any false impressions that may be left
by what is called a “ Tale of Country Life." Mr. Rider Haggard
is, nevertheless, a writer of so much inventive ability, with
such remarkable powers of combining incidents to bring about
a designed catastrophe, setting his personages forcibly in
action, bringing them into sharp collision with each other,
entangling them, and subsequently removing their bonds in
the course of his story, and exciting common emotions on their
behalf, that none of his works can fail to be of some interest.
In this novel, we confess, the episode of Mr. Quest's social and
matrimonial embarrassments—though Mr. Quest is a very bad
man, and the unhappy lady called Mrs. Quest is not at all a
good woman—engages our concern much more heartily than
the affairs of Honham Castle. Mr. Quest, the clever, scheming,
ambitious solicitor, the churchwarden, the clerk of Petty
Sessions, all that is respectable at Boisingham, yet a secret
criminal, a bigamist, in lifelong dread of his real wife, a
vile, coarse, drunken, profligate creature, who lives a loose life
in London, draining him of the better part of his income, does
somehow take hold of the imagination ; all the more as he is
passionately fond of his second partner, who, having detected
his perfidy, regards him with bitter aversion and becomes
wantonly unfaithful to him in return. This is a terrible
conflict of passions, but the situation is not inconceivable ; and
Mr. Rider Haggard works out its development with a dramatic
skill and force which prove his capacity of dealing successfully
with the elements of the usual domestic novel. He will no
doubt find a suitable plot and characters of substantial merit
for the composition of another story of this class, which may
add to the considerable reputation acquired by his other
successful writings. In the meantime, we confidently expect
that his ‘•Cleopatra,” immediately forthcoming in our own
pages, will be admired even more highly than those ingenious
weird romances which havo fascinated a countless multitude
of readers by the entertainment of poetical fancy with visions
of pity and terror.
The Land beyond the Forest (Transylrauia ). By E. De L.
Gerard. Two vols. (VI'. Blackwood and Sons).—Madame
Gerard, a Scotch lady, the wife of an Austrian Cavalry officer,
lived two years at Herrmannstoilt and Kronstadt, in the south¬
eastern corner of the Empire, and became well acquainted with
the country and the various races of people on that remote
frontier, iler account of them is copious in detail, enlivened
with many anecdotes of social and domestic life, of peculiar
customs, notions, aud legendary traditions, and gives to the
intelligent reader both a good deal of entertainment and much
suggestive information. Nowhere in Europe is there to be
observed a more curious juxtaposition of different nations, or
fragments of nations, contrasting strongly with each other in
character and in their state of civilisation. The Transyl¬
vanians of the South Slavonic race, the Magyars or Hun¬
garians, tlie Rounians from VVallacliia, the descendants of
German colonists, who are called Saxons, the Tsiganes or
Gipsies, the Szekels. a purely Hunnish race, and the Armenian
emigrants from Moldavia, occupy their several districts in the
valleys west of the Carpathian mountains, and north of
the Roumanian frontier. Madamo Gerard describes them
separately, and it is just now of some political im¬
portance to learn their characteristic dispositions, for they
might possibly be drawn into the conflict between Austria aud
Russia which is apprehended by many statesmen as a future
danger. The town of Klausenburg, now more frequently
named Koloszvar, is much less German than formerly, and the
non-German elements of population seem to be gaining ground
in Transylvania, 'lhe Greek Church has great influence in the
country ; while Unitarianism, which finds sympathy among
certain English Dissenters, prevails in that and other towns.
The authored. as might be expected, dwells especially on the
stiff Conservative habits and temper of the old-fashioned
Saxons, who appear to be a sturdy, honest, rather boorish, hard,
and plodding kind of people, not without solid merits..and
Protestants in religion. They afford, perhaps, the most genuine
example of the primitive German type, and are worth studying
on that account; “ hut they are now rapidly degenerating into
mere fossil antiquities.” The Roumanians, on the contrary—
who claim to be of Italian origin, and whose language is a
Latin dialect, being, perhaps, the descendants of Trajan’s
colony of Roman soldiers on the Lower Danube—are vivacious,
crafty, endowed with versatile talents, and cherish an enter¬
prising ambition. It seems as if they had a future before
them ; and the comparison between them and the stationary or
retrograde Saxons is the main interest of this book. The last
chapters are an agreeable description of the scenery of the
Bulea Lake, the mountains and pine-forests, with an excursion
to Sinaia, the favourite summer resort of the King and Queen
of Roumania, not far beyond the Austrian frontier.
The Leeds Town Council have resolved to borrow £200,000,
by the issue of debenture stock, for town improvements.
The Lady Mayoress on Saturday distributed the prizes to
the officers and men of the 3rd London Rifle Volunteers, at the
Guildhall, the Lord Mayor presiding.
The Duke of Sutherland has placed at the disposal of the
Crofter Commissioners a portion of a deer foreet, in the Assyre
district, over 800 acres in extent, and portions of several sheep
farms extending to about 8000 acres, to be assigned to Crofter
applicants who desire to extend their holdings.
A deputation representing newspaper proprietors and
C rnalists waited npon the First Lord of the Treasury on
•• 8, at the House of Commons with reference to the Libel
Law Amendment Bill now on the Order Book of the House of
Commons for consideration of the Lords’ amendments. In
reply to the earnest hope expressed by the deputation that an
opportunity might be afforded for its being passed during the
Session, Mr. Smith said he would use every effort to secure
this result
TIIE MISSION TO THE ASHANTEES.
None of those who were among our readers fifteen years ago
can have forgotten the British military expedition sent, under
the command of Sir Garnet Wolseley, to punish the cruel
King Coffee Calcalli for his insolent invasion of the Fantee
protected territory behind Cape Coast Castle. The prompt
and orderly march of a large body of our troops, for two
hundred miles inland, through a dense tropical jungle and
troublesome marshes, fighting several battles against a
numerous host of warlike foes ; the burning of Coomassie,
which is the capital of the Ashantee Kingdom ; and the sub¬
mission of its savage monarch to the prescribed terms of pence,
were fully related not only in the pages of this Journal, but
also in a separate Illustrated History ; and our Special Artist,
Mr. Melton Prior, began his services ns a War Correspondent
by furnishing admirable Sketches of that campaign. King
Coffee Calcalli was not deposed, but lived and reigned, we hope
less unmercifully than before, until a recent date ; when the
Royal Stool or Throne, left vacant by his death, was disputed ir.a
fierce civil war between two rival factions. His Majesty had
no son to inherit it; and his sister, Princess Yawa-Kiah, who
is married or a widow having three daughters, could not reign
on account of the Salic law. We know little of Ashantee
politics, and will not attempt even to state the names and
titles of the opposing claimants ; but the Kingdom is rather a
sort of Empire including several tributary nations, the Adawsi,
the Bekwai, the Kokofus, and others, whose chiefs took
different sides, and there was a great deal of sanguinary fight¬
ing, by which the forest-country for a distance of seventy
miles, from the Prah river to the Bekwai, was continually
overrun, and every native village was utterly destroyed, not
one habitation being left standing. Thousands of people must
have perished, and it seemed right to the British Government
of Cape Coast Castle, when the mutual rage of the contending
parties was exhausted, to offer a friendly mediation, recognising
the head of the victorious league as the necessary King,
and interceding for clemency to the vanquished, while
taking pledges for his peaceable bebavionr towards the
subjects of our protectorate. For this purpose, and to
witness the ceremonial enthronement of his Majesty, the late
Captain Lonsdale, C.M.G., with Captain Barnett, of the Gold
Coast Constabulary as second Commissioner, was sent to
Coomassie, and advanced to the village of Adwahin, fourteen
miles south of that city, within easy reach of the camps of
the two rival parties. Here the Mission was delayed seven
months, occupieiUin difficult negotiations and watching the
progress of events ; but Captain Lonsdale fell ill, and Captain
Barnett succeeded him in the command of the expedition
and in the business to be transacted. The native chiefs
having at length agreed to a settlement, invited Captain
Barnett to proceed to Coomassie ; and the medical officer who
accompanied this Mission—namely. I)r. F. Sullivan, M.D.,
Assistant Colonial Surgeon of the Gold Coast Colony—took a
series of photographs of the town, the King’s palace, and the
most important Ashantee personages, which we are permitted
to copy in our Engravings. Dr. Sullivan, while at Coomassie.
opened a charitable hospital for the relief of native sick
patients, and was called “Amagashi Bruni, ’ the White
Medicine-man, by the grateful Ashantee people. Much credit
is due to Captain Barnett for the satisfactory result of the
Mission. In one of our Illustrations, Princess Yawa-Kiah and
her daughters are making “a morning call " on the Commis¬
sioner ; in another, his visitor is the noble Chief Bantama
Awuah, General of the Ashantee army.
MR. ANDREW LANG ON FOLK-LORE.
At the annual meeting of the Folk-Lore Society, held on
Dec. in the rooms of the Royal Asiatic Society,in Alberaarle-
street. Mr. Andrew Lang was installed as president in suc¬
cession to the Earl of Strafford, who has resigned.
In his opening address Mr. Lang congratulated the members
upon the work already achieved by the society, particularly
mentioning the publication of Signor Comparelti’s “ Kook of
Sindibad" and Mr. Nutt's “ Legend of the Holy Grail" the
latter of which, he said, enabled ns to answer, so far as it can
be answered, the question which we have asked ourselves ever
since we read Malory in our early days—namely, whence come
the things which are there narrated.
The subject of folk-lore was a vast one, and the more he
thought upon it, the more it puzzled him. A plea had been
made in favour of treating it as a science, hut directly they
treated it as a science they trenched upon the ground of other
societies. For instance, one branch of study which might he
pursued came strictly within the province of the Psychical
Research Society, and that was the comparison of ordinary
ghost stories, such as one might hoar told at Christmas-time,
with the ghost stories in the records of the past. He himself
had once gone into the subject of the Bercsford ghost story,
which hod been adapted by Sir Walter Scott in bnllad form,
and he had traced it back through a number of medieval
sermons to William of Malmesbury. From this he inferred
either that ghosts had certain fixed habits, or that old stories
were adapted with trifling alterations.
This led him to the subject of the tendency of the human
mind to invent the same stories, and the question how far such
stories were invented separately, and how far they were trans-
mitted and handed down from a common centre. r l hos, he bad
ascertained from a friend of hi9 who had lived in New Cale¬
donia that the Kanakas bail a story of a lady of the woods to
see whom was a presage of death ; and precisely the same
legend was to be found in the ballad of “ The Sieur de Nan,
translated from a Breton original by Mr. Tom Taylor.
Among other subjects was that of popular etymologies.
The theory of the philologists was that expressions arose or
which the meaning was forgotten, but that they remained in
the language, and in consequence people invented stories to
account for them. There was the modern slang expression
“oof-bird," for instance. He understood that it referred in
some way to the accumulation of wealth. It might be argued
that “ oof ” was a corruption of the French “ oeuf.” an egg,
and that reference was made to the goose with the golden
eggs. Was it likely that men would go on talking of the “ oor-
bird ” after the meaning of the expression was forgotten 7
He suggested as a possible definition of folk-lore that it
was a small department or branch of the science of anthrop¬
ology. In one sense, it might be said that folk-lore was at an
end.* The origin of most customs and superstitions could he
readily accounted for. Thus, the superstition about thirteen
persons sitting down to table referred to the Lord s *^PP? r j
and Friday was held to be unlucky because that was the day
on which Our Lord was crucified. On the other band, when
they came to think of the difficulties of transmission or tnc
popular tales or A/archcn of the world, many of which
in practically the same form among all races of mankind, they
might say that they were only at the beginning of the subject.
An object to which they might usefully devote them serve*
was the collection of the folk stories of Great Britain, lo
would enable them to determine whether there were not m
than three belonging specially to this country—namely,,
Hickathrift, Jack the Giant-Killer, and Jack and the Bea -
stalk.
THE ILLUSTRATED' LONDON NEWS
^“■"“loners at Adwabln. 3. Pil rt of Cooutasale ae it
anJ her I, " rt - V - 6. Medical Officer of the i
the mission to the ashantee kingdom.
\
gl
V
t %
the illustrated London news
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BElSANT,
iilt o: Maw." • Katharine Bsoima,”
CHAPTER XLVI.
PERILOU8 VOYAGE.
this
*
ixpecfc-
ea and tragical,
arrived our chance
of escape. We
Tralked to Carlisle
Bay by way of the
sea-shoi'e, so that
we might be met by
none, and in order
that the blood -
hounds (if they
should use them) in
the morning might,
be thrown off the
track. On the march
that stout and lusty
wench who carried
one end of the bed
neither railed for a
halt nor complained
of the burden she
carried all the way. It was
nigli unto midnight when we
arrived at the crock in which
the boat lay sunk. This was
within a -fone’s throw of John
Nut hall’s cottage , where were
bestowed the mast, sails, oars,
and gear, with such provisions
as he had gotten together for the voyage. The man was sleep¬
ing when Burnaby called him, but he quickly got up, and in
less than an hour we had the boat hauled out of the water, the
provisions hastily thrown in, the mast stepped, our sick man
and the two women placed in the bows, the stem and middle
of the boat being encumbered with our provisions, we had
pushed down the muddy and stinking creek, wc had hoisted sail,
and we were stealing silently out of Carlisle Bay under a light
breeze. Three or four ships were lying in the bay ; but either
there was no watch kept aboard or it was no one’s business
to hail a small sailing-boat going out, probably for fish¬
ing at dawn. Besides, the night was so dark that we
may very well have escaped notice. However that might be,
in a quarter of an hour we were well out at sea, beyond the
reach of the guns of Carlisle Bay, no longer visible to the
ships in j>ort, and without any fear of being seen until day¬
break. And, happily, the wind, which sometimes drops altogether
in the night, still continued favourable, though very light.
*• My lads,” said Barnaby presently, drawing a long breath,
“ T verily believe that we have given them the slip this time.
In the morning they will go forth, an they please, with
their bloodhounds to hunt for us. Madam’s eyes mean
hanging. Well, let them hunt. If any inquiry is made for
us at the Bridge, no boat will be missing, and so no suspicion
will be awakened. They will, I suppose, search for us among
the raves and ravines of which 1 have heard, where there
are hiding-places,- to be sure, in plenty, but no water to
drink, so that the poor devils who run away and seek a refuge
there are speedily forced to come out for water, and so are
caught or shot down. Well, they will hunt there a long time
before they find us. This boat makes a little water, but I
think not much. If she proves water-tight, and the breeze
holds, by daylight we should be well to the south of the island.
Courage, therefore ! All will be well yet! How goes Robin?”
He was lying as easily as we could manage for him—one
rug over him and another under him. Alice sat on one side of
him, and the woman Deb on the other. Then, because the boat
was heavy in the bows, and sometimes shipped a little water
when she dipped in the waves, Barnaby rigged up a tarpaulin
to prevent this ; and (but this was not* till next day) over the
tarpaulin he made out of a rug and an oar a low "tilt which,
unless the weather grew bad, might shelter those three by
night from dew and spray, and by day from the sun overhead
nnd the glare and heat of the water.
“ I)eb,” he said presently, softly, “ art afraid? ”
"No, Sir-not while my mistress is here.” (She meant
Alice.)
“If we are taken. Deb, we shall all be flogged wellnigh
unto deatl}, and very likely hanged as well. Remember that.”
i am not afraid, Sir.”
* 4 And we may spring a leak,” said Barnaby, ‘‘and so go
all to the bottom and lx- devoured. Art not afraid to die P ”
44 No, Sir-not if I may hold my mistress by the hand so
that she may take me whither she goeth herself.”
“Good,” said Barnaby. “As for me, I expect I shall
have to go alone, or take hands with John Nuthall here. Well,
there will be a round half-dozen of us. Co to sleep, my girl!
In the morning we will serve round the first ration, with,
perhaps, if all lx* well, a drum of cordial.”
In the dim light of the stars I watched all night the three
figures in the bow. Robin lay white and motionless ; Alice sat,
covered with her hood, bending over him : and Deb, from
whose head her eoif had fallen, lay, head on arm, sound
asleep. She hud no fear, any more than a common soldier
has when he goes into action, b< c nisc he trusts his Captain.
Thus began our voyage: in un open bont, twenty feet long,
with a company of three sound men, two women, and a sick
man. For arms, in cam* we needed them, we had none at all.
If any ship crossed our track and should call upon us to
surrender wc could not deny that we were escaped convicts,
because the dros- of all but one proclaimed the fact. Who, in
such a climate, would choo-e to wear a coarse shirt and caucus
bit* -chcis with a Monmouth cap, except it was a servant or a
slave who had no choice, but must take what is given him P
But wo would not surrender, come what might. If we
could neither tight nor fly, we could sink. Sai l Barnaby in the
dead of night, whispering in my ear. 4 * laid, ’tis agreed
between n< : we will have that clear : sooner than bo taken we
will scuttle the ship, and so sink ull together. If ’tin
accounted murder, let the blame lie between us two.”
A little Infore daybreak the breeze freshened, and the
wav. - begun to rise . but not so high as to threaten the boat,
which proved, imb ed, a most gallant little craft, dancing over
the watei-s as if she enjoyed being driven by the breeze. Some
boate, o» sailors will tell you (being always apt to eompare
their cruft with living creatures roine thus, frolic nnd
sprightly, from their makers’ hands; while others, built of the
same material ami on the same lilies, are, on the contrary, and
do always remain, heavy nnd lumpish ; just ns Mime children are
lively and gay, while others, born of the «am:- parents, are
dull nnd morose.
Then the sun nwe, seeming to leap out of the water, a
most glorious ball of fire, which iiistnutly wanned the cool air
•Art My kit llrl'rvti.
and began to bum and scorch our hands and faces. Tn
these hot latitudes, one understands what the ancients meant
when thev spoke with dread and awe of the Sun-God, who both
gives and*destroys life, and is so beneficial and yet so terrible.
We, who live inn cold country, are sometimes greatly comforted
by the sun, but are never burned; we feel his warmth, but
understand not his power.
Then Barnaby began to gaze curiously all round the
horizon. We had no glass or telescope; but his eye s were to
him as good as any telescope is to most men.
“ Thank the Lord ! ” he said, drawing breath (it was rn re,
indeed, for Barnaby thus openly to give praise), “ there is no sail
in sight. To be sure we have the day before us. But yet”-
Here he began to t:.lk, as some men use when they desire to
place before their own minds, clearly, the position of affairs.
•‘ Very well, then -Barbados laying now thirty miles and more
nor’-east by north—vessels bound for the island from Bristol
commonly sailing round the north—very well, then—we are
well out of their track. Vet—there again—some are driven
south by stress of weather. Ay, there is our danger. Yet
again, if a vessel should see us, would she bear down upon us?
I greatly doubt’ it. Why should she ? The wind will continue —
that is pretty sure. If they were to discover that we had gone
off by boat, would they sail after us ? Why—whom could they
send ? And w.iither would they steer? And what boat have
they which would overtake this little craft with twelve hours’
start P Humphrey, lad ”—he turned upon me his broad and
sunburnt face, full of cheerfulness—“ we are not within many
hours of scuttling yet. Heart up, then ! A tight boat, a fair
wind, a smooth sea—let us hope for the best! How goes
Robin?”
There was no change in Robin, either for better or for worse.
“ Sis,” said Barnaby ; “ art sleeping still, Sis ? Wake up,
and let us eat and drink, and be jolly ! What! Alice, I say !
Why—we have escaped! We have escaped the cursed plant¬
ation ! We are far away at sea ! Let us laugh and sing. If
there were room in this cockle, I would dance also ”
She lifted her head, and threw back her hood. Ah ! what u
mournful face was there !
“Brother!” she said reproachfully, “eanst thou, after
what has happened, laugh and sing ? Hast thou forgotten last
night?”
“Why, no,” he replied. “One must not forget Inst
night, because it was the night of our escape. All else, I own,
I can forget. Let it not stick in thy gizzard, my dear, that
the man frightened thee. Rejoice rather that the villain thus
afforded me a chance of giving him a taste of his own cold iron.
Now he lieth low, with little taste for kisses, I take it.”
“Nay, Brother,” she said, shaking her head. Then she
looked round her. “ We arc a long way from the land,” she
said. “ When will they send out a ship to bring us back ? ”
“ Why, d’ ye see,” Barnaby replied, “ give us twelve hours
more, and they may send out all their fleet, if they have one,
and sail the wide world round for ns, and yet not capture us.
And now let us overhaul the provisions, and examine the
ship's stores.” Alice pulled her hood down again, and said
no more. The woman Deb was now wide awake, and staring
about her with a show of the greatest satisfaction.
" Come, John Nuthall,” Barnaby went on, “we are hungry
and thirsty. Where is the list I made for thee? Thou art
our purser, our supercargo, our cook, nnd our steward; thou
art also our bo’s’ll and carpenter, and half the crew. Where is
my list, I say? Give it me, and we will overhaul the stores.
Look up, Sis; never cry over what is done and over. What ?
A villain hath received a lesson which will serve for many
other villains, and thou hnngest thy head, therefore ? Look
up, I say. There is no.v hope for all. Look up, my dear, and
laugh. What ? Thou shalt merrily dance at my wedding yet.”
Then he read the list and examined each parcel with great
care.
“ A hundred and a half of bread, a soft cheese, a bunch of
plantains, a keg of water (nine gallons), six bottles of Canary
(not one broken), a compass, a half-hour glass, asparerug (’tis
over Robin's legs), flint and steel, a handy bit of tarpaulin, a
hatchet and hammer, a saw, some nails, a spare oar or two, a
coil of rope and yam, a lump of tobacco (we can chew it,
though I would rather put it into a pipe), a lanthom, candles—
faugh they are run together in a lump; well, they will serve
to caulk the bottom presently.”
We had, in fact, no light during our voyage, but the tallow
proved useful when—1 think it was the next day—the boat
started a leak.
This was all our store. 'Twas not much for six people, but
Barnaby hoped that the voyage would be short. If he should
be disappointed, who would not put up with short rations for
a day or two for the sake of freedom ?
“ And now,” lie said, when everything was stowed accord¬
ing to his mind, “ we will have breakfast. Our provisions are
no great things; hut, after the accursed lob-lollic, a bit of
bread and cheese will be a feast.”
A feast indeed it was, and our Captain gratified us further
by opening a flask of canary, which raised all our licnrts.
Strange, that men should be able to recover their spirits, which
should be independent of bodily comforts, by a dram of wine.
As for Barnaby, I thought he would have kissed the bottle, so
tenderly did he hold it and so affectionately did he regard it.
” It is now three months and more,” he said, “that we
have had nothing save, now and then, a sup of kill-devil fresh
from the still, and now we are mercifully permitted to taste again
a glass of canary. ’Tis too much ! ” he sighed, drinking his
ration drop by drop. “Well, we have but a few bottles, and
the voyage may be longer than we hope; therefore we must
go upon short allowance. But fear not, Kis: there shall
always be enough for Robin, poor lad.”
He then proceeded to tell us what he intended, nnd whither
he would steer.
“ We have no chart,” he said. “What then? I can draw
one as good as they are made to steer by in these seas.” He
could not draw one, because he had no paper or pencil; but he
carved one with the point of his knife on the seat, and marked
out our course upon it day by day. “ See,” he said : “ here is
Barbados. Very well then. Our course all night hath been sou’-
west. She now makes about five knots an hour. It is now eight,
I take it; and we must therefore be about forty miles from
Barbados. To-morrow morning we should make the Gieua-
dilloes, which are a hundred and fifty miles from Carlisle Bay.
Hark ye ! Here is our danger. For there may be a Bristol vessel
sailing from Great Grenada to Barbados, or the other wav.
That would be the Devil. But such ships are rare, for there
is no trade that I know of, between the. two islands. Well,
we will give Grenada as wide a bertlt as may be.” Here he
considered a little. “Therefore, ’twill be our wiser plan to
bear more to the south. Onee south of Grenada, I take it, there
will be no more danger at all. Off the main of South America,
the sea is covered with islands. They are No-Man's Land:
inhabitants have they none: navigators, for the most part, know
them not: English, French, and Spanish ships come never to
these islands. Sly purpose, therefore, is to put in nt Great
Slargaritos or Tortuga for rest and fresh water, and so presently
hoist sail again nnd make for the Dutch island of Curacao.”
“ And after that?”
“ There, my lad, wc shall take ship to some country where
a Protestant sailor may get a berth nnd n physician mnv find
patients, it must bo to llolland first; but, never fear, we shall
get back to England some time. Our turn will come; and
perhaps we will tight another battle with his Papistical Majesty
nnd find a different tale to tell afterwards.”
As the day advanced, the const of Barbados continually
receded, until, before sunset, the island lay like a purple cloud
low down in the horizon Hie north-east breeze blew steadily,
but the sun caused a most dreadful heat in the air, and our
cheeks burned and our eyes smarted from the glare of the water
and the spray that was blown upon us. It was at this time that
Barnaby constructed the tilt of which I have spoken. The sea
lay spread out round us in a brond circle, of which our boat was
the centre, nnd the cloudless bine sky lay over us like unto a roof
laid thereforusalonc. It is only in nshipone doth feci thus alone,
in the centre of creation: even as if there were nothing but
the sen around, flic sky above, nnd our boat in the centre.
Thus must the Patriarch Noah have felt when his ark floated
upon the vast fnee of thewater, and even the tops of the high hills
were hidden and covered over. All day long Barnaby scanned
the horizon anxiously; but there came into sight no sail or
ship whatever. To us, who sometimes see the vessels lying in
a crowded port, and hear how they bring argosies from every
hind, it seems as if every part of the ocean must be covered
with sails driving before the wind from whatever quarter it
may blow. But he who considers the “MappaMundi” will
presently discover that there are scattered about vast expanses
of sea where never a sail is seen, unless it be the fugitive sail
of the pirate or the bark canoe of the native. These are the
seas outside the lines of trade. Wc were now nearing such
a lonely sea or part of the ocean. Barnaby knew, what the
planters did not, how to steer across the unknown water to a
port of safety beyond.
At mid-day our Captain served out another drink of water,
with a plantain, and to Robin I gave a sop of bread in canary,
which he seemed, to my surprise, to suck up and to swallow
with readiness.
In such a voyage, where there is nothing to do but to keep
the ship on her course and to watch the horizon for a strange
sail, one speedily falls into silence, and sits many hours with¬
out speech; som< times falling asleep, lulled by the ripple of
the water as the boat flies through it,
I have said nothing about the man, John Nuthall. He was
a plain, honest-looking man, and we found him throughout
all this business faithful, brave, and patient, obedient to
Barnaby, and of an even temper and contented with his share.
That he had formerly been a thief in his native country cannot
be denied, but I hope that we shall not deny to any man the
power and possibility of repentance.
Barnaby divided the crew—namely, himself, John Nuthall,
and me—into three watches of eight hours each, of which each
man kept two at a stretch. Thus, beginning the day at noon,
which was the only time we knew for certain, Barnaby would
himself (but this was after the first two days) lie down ill the
bottom of the boat and sleep till sunset or a little later. Then
John Nuthall lay down and took his turn of sleep till Barnaby
thought it was four o’clock in the morning (but he reckoned,
sailor fashion, by bells), when he woke him and I took his place
and fell asleep. But for the first day or two, Barnaby slept
not at all, and the whole of the voyage he slept as a good
watch-dog sleeps, namely, with one eye always open.
At sunset he gave out another pannikin of cold water to
each of us, a ration of bread and cheese, and a dram of wine.
Then he commanded John Nuthall to lie down and sleep,
while I took the tiller and he himself held the ropes. Then the
night fell once more upon us.
Presently, while we sat there in darkness and in silence,
Alice rose up from her seat, and came aft and sat down beside
me. John Nuthall lay sleeping at onr feet; Barnaby held the
ropes, and I was at the helm.
“ Humphrey,” she whispered, “ think you that he is truly
dead ? ” She was speaking, not of Robin, but of the Master.
“ I know not, my dear.”
“ I can think of nothing but of that man's Budden end, and
of what may happen to us. Say something to comfort me,
Humphrey ! While we were on the estate you always had
some good word to say, like manna for refreshment. Say
something now. My soul is low in the dust—I cannot even
pray.”
“ Why, my dear? ” What could I say ? “'Tis true that
the man was struck down, and that suddenly. And yet ”-
“Alas! to think that my own brother—that Barnuby—
should have killed him ! ”
“ As for that,” said Barnaby, astonished, “ if someone had
to kill him, why not I as well as another ? What odds who
killed him ? ”
“ Oh ! ” she said, “ that a man should be called away at
such a moment, when his brain was reeling with wine and
wicked thoughts ! ”
“He was not dead,” I toldher (thoughl knew very well what
must have been the end), “ when we came away. Many a man
recovers who hath had a sword-thrust through the body. He
may now be on the mend—who can tell?” Y’ct I knew, I
say, very well, how it must have ended. “ Consider, my dear:
this poor wretch tempted the wrath of God, if any man eve r did.
If he is destroyed, on his own head be it—not on ours. And if
he should recover, he will have had a lesson which will 6erve
him for the rest of his life. Whether he recover or no, he
may have had time left him for something of repentance and
of prayer. Why. Alice, if we get safely to our port we ought
to consider the punishment of this sinner (which was in self-
defence, as one may most truly soy) the very means granted
by Providence for our own escape. How else should we
have got away ? How else should we have resolved to venture
all, even to carrying Robin with us?” All this. I repeat, I
said in order to encourage her, because, if I know aught
of wounds, a man bleeding inwardly of a sword-thrurt
through his vitals would have short time for the collect¬
ing of his thoughts or the repentance of his sins, being
as truly cut off in the midst of them as if he had been struck
down by a thunderbolt. A man may groan and writhe awhile
under the dreadful torture of such a wound, but there is little
room left him for meditation or for repentance.
Then I asked her if, haply, she was in any fear as to the
event of the voyage.
11 1 fear nothing,' ’ she told me, ‘ 1 except to be captured and
taken back to the place whence we came, there to be put in
prison and flogged. That is my only fear. Humphrey, we have
suffered so much already that this last shame would be too great
for me to bonr. Oh ! fo be tied up before all the men, and
flogged like the black women—'t would, indeed, kill me,
Humphrey! ”
“Alice,” I said very earnestly, “art thou brave enough
to endure death itself rather than this last barbarity P ”
“Oh! Death!—death!” she cried, clasping her hands.
“ Wlmt is death to me, who have lost everything ? ”
“ Nay, but consider, my dear. To die at sea—it means to
sink down under the cold water out of the light of day; to be
choked for want of air; perhaps to be devoured quick by
sharks; to lie nt the bottom of the water, the seaweed growing
over your bones; to be rolled about by the troubled waves ”--
“ Humphrey, these are old wives’ tales. Why, if it hod
DEC. 15, 1S8S
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS 715
ILLUSTRATED GIFT-BOOKS.
The seasonable provision of handsome volumes, with more or
less artistic decoration outside and inside, with attractive
literary contents of prose or verse, new or old, and with illus¬
trative and ornamental designs rendered by various processes,
ns well in colours as in black and white, fails not to anticipate
the near festival of Christmas, when people like to give and
receive presents, and the subsequent opportunity of New-Year’s
Day. We proceed to notice those of interest and value.
jV»/ rcmhrrg. By H. W. Longfellow. Illustrated with twenty-
eight Photogravures by the Gebbie and Hnsson Company,
Limited (Sampson Low and Co.).—One of the most character¬
istic and suggestive of the short poems, in which the genial
American scholar expressed his sympathetic appreciation of
the romantic and pictaresque aspects of mediaeval antiquity in
Europe, is here reprinted on a stately scale. Each page, of
fine thick paper, contains but one couplet, in fair capital
letters, with ornamental devices, in red or blue ink, and
outline drawings, by the Misses Mary and Amy Comegys ; the
initials being copied from various illuminated manuscripts of
the fifteenth century. The frontispiece is Albrecht Di'irer’s
portrait of himself: the other plates are views of Nuremberg
architecture and sculpture, with portraits of the Emperor
Maximilian and of Hans Sachs, and some of Albrecht Diirer’s
works.
A Book of Old Ballads. Illustrated by Alice Havers
(Hildesheimer and Faulkner).—This elegant volume contains
many favonrite songs of comparatively modern date, com¬
posed by Moore, Burns, and other lyric poets known to late
generations ; but some are taken from Shnkspeare's plays, or
from Elizabethan and seventeenth-century literature. In the
drawings by Miss Havers which accompany these pieces of
verse, there is an effective grouping of figures, and in some of
them an agreeable air of rustic simplicity. Mr. Ernest Wilson
contributes a few beautiful sketches of rural scenery.
Bird* in Xature. By R. Rowdier Sharpe, F.L.S., Zoological
Department. British Museum ; with Coloured Illustrations by
P. Robert (Sampson Low and Co.).—Mr. Bowdler Sharpe, as a
scientific British ornithologist, has been able from his own
field observations to supply good descriptions of the birds
common in these islands. For those belonging to other
countries than Europe, he has
judiciously borrowed from the
writings of Mr. Henry Keebolim ;
and, in other instances, from Mr.
W. H. Hudson or Mr. C. Dixon.
The different species which arc
here depicted by M. Robert, in
thirty-nine large coloured plates,
are all found in the northern
temperate zone : and many of
them are our familiar acquaint¬
ance. The volume is adorned
with decorative initial letters, and
with small woodcuts at the ends
of chapters.
The Mirror of the World. By
Octave Uzanne ; with 160 illus¬
trations by Paul Avril (J. C.
Niraino). — The lively French
author, who has written cleverly
of “ The Fan ” and " The Sun¬
shade," has learnt his philosophy
of Montaigne, and from Rabelais
the tricks of his garrulous style.
% He discourses, not unkindly nor
unwisely, of the conventional
pretences, the fatiguing bores, the
delusions and disappointments of
society ; of dinner-parties and
drawing-room parties : of litera¬
ture. art. and sport; of pedantry,
hypocrisy, and ambition ; he de¬
votes a chapter to gastronomy ;
but on the tranquil joys of home
life, and of pure love, on the
pleasures of travelling, on study
and books, on rural retirement,
contemplation, and reverie, he
dwells with especial complacency.
We should prefer reading him in
French, but he is not ill-trans¬
lated. and is well worth reading;
his sentiments are the cream of a refined Epicurean
science of happiness, '"he designs furnished by his artistic
colleague are not less beautiful than ingenious; figures and
groups engaged in characteristic actions, bits of landscape,
interiors of houses, furniture and implements, and fantastic
decorations, some of which are richly coloured orMelicately
tinted, adorn the volume throughout, but leave M. Uzanne
free bo pursue his original train of thought.
End gm ion. By John Keats; illustrated by W. St. John
Harper (Sampson* Low and Co.).—As a poetical narrative, in
the romantic spirit, dealing with a classical theme,
“ Endymion" has more depth of feeling and a finer grace
than any work of the Italian Renaissance poets. Sensibility,
with which its author was most richly endowed, and a vivid
fancy, if not a powerful dramatic imagination, produced this
charming tale, which is here presented with the accompani¬
ment of highly artistic designs. Those representing entire
scenes have somewhat the effect of many of Gustave Dorc’s,
and may appear too sombre and majestic for the gentle strain
of Keats ; hut the single faces are lovely : more than one of
them is “ a thing of beauty and a joy for ever " ; and nothing
is unworthy of the noble poem which many still delight to read.
J. r. molt , R.A.: Hi* Life and Works. By F. G.
Stephens (A rt Journal Office).—The biography of an eminent
living English artist, with critical notices of his most impor¬
tant pictures, is written by a competent author ; but the most
attractive feature of this publication is supplied by engravings,
steel and wood, of many of Hook's paintings which we have
admired at former Exhibitions of the Royal Academy.
The Courtship of Miles Stand ish. By H. W. Longfellow.
With Illustrations (Sampson Low and Co.).—The old colonial
times of New England, especially in the seventeenth century,
with the austere, quaint habits of the Puritan settlers, and
their neighbourhood to wild Indian tribes, were calculated to
afford themes of idyllic and romantic narrative, which Long¬
fellow and Whittier have treated in verse. The story of Miles
Standish, partly derived from a tradition of Longfellow’s own
ancestors, has probably more of historical truth than that of
Evangeline ; he at firet took it in hand with a view to dramatic
composition, but it appeared thirty years ago in its present
form. This edition is the finest, in every respect, that has
ever been produced ; the illustrations, designed by Messrs.
G. II. Boughton, F. T. Merrill, C. S. Reinhart, and other
artists, are vigorous, true in character, and expressive of
feeling ; the introductory essay and the appended notes are
serviceable; and few books can equal this in the qualitv of
the paper and printing.
Galilee and the Jordan. By J. L. Porter, D.D., L.L.D.
(T. Nelson and Sons).—The reverend and learned President of
Queen's College, Belfast, who is the author of an acceptable
work on ".Jerusalem, Bethany, and Bethlehem," and of
Murray’s “ Handbook to Syria and Palestine," having travelled
with Bible in hand through the country associated with
events of the deepest religions interest, presents an account of
places that were the scene of Christ's earlier life and ministry.
It may perhaps not seem to be the most convenient arrange¬
ment to set forth, in this instance, from Jerusalem, and to
travel through Samaria to Galilee, as it reverses the order of
events in the sacred biography ; yet the reader can, if he so
pleases, begin at page 41 with the general description of
Galilee, follow the tour along the shores of its lake, and up
the valley of the Jordan, and the mountain road to Cana and
Nazareth, in which he will find Dr. Porter a trustworthy and
instructive guide. There are more than 120 engravings,
apparently from photographs, of the present aspects of those
places.
The Rose-Garden. By William Panl,F.L.S. Ninth Edition
(Kent and Co.).—Mr. Paul, of Waltham Cross, an eminent
practical and scientific horticulturist, who has a European
reputation as an authority on roses, published bis treatise on
the subject forty years ago. It has to a great extent been
rewritten by him for this splendid edition, which may be
obtained, at the purchaser's choice, either for one guinea, in
royal quarto, with twenty very fine coloured plates, or at half-
a-guinea, in imperial octavo, with the wood engravings only,
sixteen in number. We decidedly recommend it be procured
by every owner of a suitable garden who »ntends to cultivate
the noblest and sweetest of our old favourite native flowers,
the one most endeared to us. especially in England, by cherished
domestic and literary associations. It is worth while also to
choose the larger volume with the coloured pictures of roses,
which will give much pleasure by lamp-light on the drawing¬
room table in winter evenings, and will remind everyone of
tiie glorious bloom of summer; these are drawn by Messrs.
W. H. Fitch, Worthington Smith, and other good botanical
artists. Mr. J. G. Baker, F.R.S., adds an essay on “ The Botany
of the Rose." and Mr. Arthur Paul supplies an entomological
treatise on the insects that visit this plant. We congratulate
the veteran author on his completion of this important work.
Twelve White Flowers. By Frances Livings and A. Livings
(Hamilton, Adams, and Co.).—There is a taste for white
flowers ; and there are some occasions of deep interest in
family and social life, where “ Births, Marriages, and Deaths,"
which •mean so much to the affections of those concerned, are
wont to call for the exhibition of these emblematic blooms.
The twelve species described by A. Livings, and delineated by
Frances Livings, are the camellia, narcissus, eucharis. chrys¬
anthemum, lily-of-the-valley, lapageria (from Chili) rose,
anemone, clematis, sweet pea, azalea, and hellebore. The
drawings are careful and truthful, and are well lithographed
by Mr. Ben George, of Hatton-garden.
Album of Old Masters. (T. J. Smith, Son, and Downes).—
This magnificent anil luxurious volume, bound either in
morocco, russia, or calf leather, with soft padded cover and
splendid gilt edges and clasp, at very moderate prices, is in¬
tended for the reception of photographs. It has, therefore,
no lrvrary contents ; but is adorned with nine small pictures
of well-known designs by famous artists—Sir Edwin Landseer,
J. W. M. Turner, Sir Joshua Reynolds. Gainsborough, Rem¬
brandt, Vandyke, Velasquez, Rubens, and Raphael. We cannot
say much for these, but it is a grand photograph album.
At a meeting of the Royal Botanical Society, held on
Dec. S. twentv-four different kinds of spring flowering plants
were shown, which had bloomed, and were gathered on the
8th in the open air in the gardens of the society.—With refer¬
ence to the mildness of the weather, a young lady, Marjory
Hull, aged eight, daughter of the Rector of Upper Stondon
Rectory, writes to the Standard, on Dec. 0, as follows : “ When
I was out for a walk this morning I picked such a lovely little
bouquet for mother, and mother said it was such a wonderful
one for the time of year that I ought to write and tell you
about it. It had ox-eye daisies in it, wild geranium, knobweed,
hemlock, white campion, a marguerite, and two very pretty
little flowers, yellow and mauve, that I do not know the names
of. We have violets and primroses in full bloom in our
gardens."—Mr. Edward Roobotham, of Wirksworth, writing
to the same paper on the same day, says: “ I enclose three
heads of asparagus, cut out of garden this day, grown in the
open. I think it a remarkable evidence of the mild weather
we are having in the Peak of Derbyshire."—Mr. M. T. Culley,
of Conpland Castle, Wooler, North Northumberland, states
“ that he had a dish of tender and excellent green peas on
Nov. 20, and on the 23rd ono of globe artichokes from his
garden, while primroses, polyanthus, foxglove, sweet peas, and
roses were blooming abundantly."
THE JUBILEE MEMORIAL HALL, EALING.
The handsome public building at Ealing, of which wc give an
Illustration, was opened by the Prince and Princess of Males
on Saturday, Deo. 15, after which a Fancy-Dress Bazaar, in aid
of the funds to defray the cost of this building, would be held
on Wednesday, the 19th, and the two following days, under the
patronage of Princess Christian and other ladies of ranx. The
Victoria Hall, as it will henceforth be called, has been erected
as a commemoration of the Jubilee of her Majesty’s reign, and
the building is to be vested in the Local Board for the time
being as trustees. It is designed to afford accommodation to
the Local Board offices, and a Free Public Library. The pro¬
ceeds arising from the letting of the hall, after payment of all
necessary expenses, are to be devoted to the assistance of the
various charitable and philanthropic institutions in Ealing,
such as the Cottage Hospital or Almshouses. As there will
be no capital expenses to meet in connection with the Hall,
and, in fact, nothing beyond the ordinary costs of management,
it is hoped that there will be a surplus profit of at least £200
per annum to dispose of in the way suggested. The building,
which has cost about £5000, stands in front of the Baths in^
Uxbridge-road. _ . _
MR. SUTTON PALMER’S DRAWINGS IN THE
HIGHLANDS.
At Messrs. Dowdeswell's Gallery (1G0, New Bond-street) there
is now on view a more than usually interesting collection of
drawings, by Mr. Sutton Palmer, illustrative of two years'
work among some of the finest scenery of the Highlands.
On previous occasions we have noticed this artist's work
among the English Lakes and along the Scottish Border,
and have called attention to the main features of his work. It
is, therefore, with renewed pleasure that we congratulate him
upon a series of works in which his best qualities are brought
to a higher degree of perfection than in any previous exhi¬
bition. Mr. Sutton Palmer excels especially in the trne
rendering of rushing water and liquid stroams, in a delicate
appreciation of broad sunlight, and in fine idea of outline and
distance. In illustration of these powers, we may point re¬
spectfully to “The Falls of Orchy" (17) ; to the well-known
view of that splendid gateway to
Highland sceuery (19), and
depicted when
All In the Troseachs* glen won still,
Noontide wns Bleeping on the hill;
or to the grand “Mass of Ben-
venuo" (55) towering over the
peaceful stream, and, again, to
the dark and lowering “ Rocks
of Glencoe" (11)-, looking appa¬
rently up the pass in the di¬
rection of Loch Etive. Although
these may be taken as typical
works of the artist's wide range,
they give but very slight indi¬
cations of his skill in the treat¬
ment of other and dissimilar
scenes of beauty. We pass in
rapid succession from the soft
summer haze which overhangs
** The Falloch ” (6), near its en¬
trance into Loch Lomond, to his
almost wintry tower of the snow-
covered “ Ben Eay " (5) towering
above Kinlochewe, or its still
more imposing neighbonr, “ Ben
Slioch" (16), which rises above
Loch Maree. The wild Pass of
Glencoe has had naturally great
attractions for an artist endowed
with so appreciative an eye as
Mr. Sutton Palmer, and in “The
Gloom of Glencoe” (28), “Loch
Treachtean" (76), and a sketch
entitled “ Chasm and Crag " (45)
we see how thoroughly he has
been enthralled by the beauties
of this wild spot. In a totally
different key are pitched such
scenes as that “ By Loch Katrine's
Shore ” (23), in a full blaze of
sunlight; “ The Wandering Mist"
(32), creeping over the loch and up the mountain sides ; the
beautiful stretch of country below “Loch Tny and Round
Kilim" (82) under the effects of sunshine and shower, and a
scene full of real movement, “ Leading to Loch Lomond ” (77),
when along the hill-side—
Torrents from the height
In Highlaud dales their streams unite.
We must also mention as worthy of special notice “A Gleam
of Gold ’ (80), a touch of late autumn, which may make some
tourists regret that they are back in towns and cities before the
woods look their best: and a “ Storm-swept Brae " (79), which
may possibly lead other tourists to a different conclusion ; the
lovely sunny scene of “Glen Falloch " (61). the “Giant Man
of Ben Slioch " (59), and an interesting work “ O'er hill and
heath " (63)—the only instance in which Mr. Sutton Palmer
treats his clouds with any special attempt to give them pro¬
minence in his landscape. Taken as a whole, wc can-suggest
no better way of recalling the best impressions of a Highland
tour than is offered by this exhibition, and it may he of use as
well as of interest to many a traveller to compare his own
impressions with those of so delicate and accurate an observer
as Mr. Sutton Palmer shows himself to be.
Mr. J. B. Burgess, A.R.A., has been elected a Royal
Academician, in the place of the late Mr. Frank Holl.
Tom Smith has sent, as a contribution to the Toy Fund,
22,000 of his celebrated Christmas crackers to be distributed
among the poor children of the hospitals and workhouses of
the metropolis.
Photographs of Mrs. John Wood and Mr. H. B. Conway are
among the illustrations of the Theatre for December which is a
good instalment of a serial always light and readable. “ Mac¬
beth on the Stage," by Frederick Hawkins, is the opening
paper, and comes opportunely, in view of the approaching
important revival of that great work.
The Italian Opera Company of Mr. Augustus Harris on
Saturday night, Dec. 8, concluded a week’s engagement at tho
Theatre Royal, Manchester, where their performances have
been a prononneed success. The opera given was “ Les
Huguenotsand the theatre was crowded. At the termination
of the performance, Mr. Harris wns presented with a massive
silver bowl by the members of the company, who desired in
this way to testify to their appreciation of the artistic ami
liberal manner in which the operas have been performed, and
likewise to acknowledge the solicitude shown for their own
comfort during the tour.
716.—THE ILLUSTRATED l,mm < 3
Lvtma
MARSEILLES
iMONTE-CAHLO
RALLWAT LP VESUVIUS
Flimr LONDON TO THE KIVIEEA AND ITALY: WITH VIEWS ON 1'IIE
U-lltu
UJXDON NEWS, Dsc. 15,
1S88.—717
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 13, 1888
FROM LONDON TO ITALY.
Tho winter season sends a multitude of tourists and invalids
to the Riviera or to Italy, where, amidst tho most charming-
^ landscapes, in the first case, and with a climate of exceptional
niilduesA, they escape our winter’s gloom ; beyond, in the fair
land of /tilv. they find at every step those works and monu¬
ments on which the eve of the artist, the connoisseur, or the
stuijcnfc of history, romance, or antiquity must ever delight
to dwell.
The writer, having visited the Riviera and Italy on several
occasions, in the course of many winters, and having returned
with restored health and with the brightest impressions of the
principal places of interest, here proposes to notice these in
tho order of travel. It will be convenient to give a brief
description of the different routes that may be chosen to reach
either the Riviera or the inland towns of Italy, beginning, of
course, with Paris. Everyone knows the journey from London
to Paris, which is accomplished, now-a-days, most rapidly and
Comfortably, via Dover and Calais, and by the Northern of
/France Railway.
/ In order that this description should be as clear as possible,
' it is ir 1 ~’" * ,v%t Kms of lines.
SECTION 1: FROM PARIS TO MACON.
After Paris, the first station deserving of special attention is
Fontainebleau, fifty-niue kilometres from Paris. This is a
charming little town, celebrated for its historic palace, or
castle, and its forest, the grandest in France. The Palace of
Fontainebleau, which dates from St. Louis, is a magnificent
pile. Most o? the Kings of France, from Francis I. to
Louis XIV., have dwelt there; and it was the favourite
summer residence of Napoleon I. It contains paintings by
the great masters, some superb tapestry, and objects of art of
great value. We commend the choice recently made by M.
Carnot, President of the French Republic, in selecting the
Palace of Fontainebleau for his summer residence.
Next comes Dijon, which town contains the old palace of
the Dukes of Burgundy, a splendid museum, and the cathedral
of St. Bonigne, which is a remarkable edifice. After running
through the famed vineyards of the Cote d’Or, the line reaches
Macon, which is the junction of the MontCenis and Marseilles
lines.
SECTION 2: MACON TO GENOA VIA LYONS. AND
MARSEILLES.
Pursuing our journey towards the French portion of the
Riviera, we reach Lyons, which is the most important town in
France after Paris, on account of its extent, the beauty of its
monuments, and its population. Lyons is situated at the
confluence of the rivers Rhone and Saone. The Bellecour,
Perrache. and Terreaux quarters constitute the wealthier por¬
tion of the town, and contain several theatres, churches,
historical monuments, the Exchange, the Art Palace, the
Townhall. and the Prefecture. Lyons is the recognised centre
of the silk trade of the world.
On leaving Lyons the line follows, the left bank of the
Rhone as far as Arles ; and, after passing through the stony
plains of the Crau. reaches Jfarseilles. a city founded by the
ancient Pbocrcan Greek colonists, which iz one of the largest
and busiest commercial towns in Europe. It is the third town
in importance in France, on account of the magnitude of its
trade and dense population. The port and docks of Marseilles
are the largest in the Mediterranean. Among the sights of
Marseilles may be mentioned the Art Palace of Longchamp,
an admirable piece of architecture; the Canebidre, a grand
street leading to the port, and celebrated for its handsomely-
appointed cafes; the Prado, a fine walk 34uo metres in length,
ornamented with plantain-trees : the Cathedral, in the later
Byzantine style : and tlu* Coruichc promenade, skirting the sea¬
shore for a length of over four kilometres.
The line next reaches Toulon, the largest military port of
France in the Mediterranean ; and then La Pauline, whence a
small line branches off to llyercs.
Here begins the Riviera. Hj-eres is a winter-resort famons
for the mildness of its climate. The town and its outskirts
are adorned with fine plantations of palm-trees. The line
thence takes a north-easterly direction to St. Raphael, a much
frequented winter resort. It was at this spot that Buonaparte
landed on his return from Egypt, and hence he embarked
for the island of Elba. Further on we come to Cannes, a most
fashionable winter resort, frequented by a large number of
English visitors. The town owes its exceedingly mild and
even climate to its favourable situation at the foot of the
Esterel mountains, which shelter it from the cold winds. The
neighbouring hills arc covered with pine-trees, whose health-
giving fragrance fills the air aronnd. Next to Cannes is
Antibes, a fortified town, the Antipolig of the Phoca-ans, with
its fine church, dating from the twelfth century ; and we soon
arrive at Nice.
Nice, founded by the Phoc.eans from Marseilles, is a town
admirably situated on the Anges Bay. The renown of Nice is
such that there is no need for dwelling here on the splendour
of its villas, its exceptionally genial temperature, and the
numerous and various amusements provided by the Muni¬
cipality. Everyone has heard of the Carnival of Nice ; of its
Corso.’its sport, vacht-races, Ac. The walks in the Public
Garden and the Promenade des Anglais, with their splendid
mansions and villas, together with the beautiful gardens
surrounding them, are a great sight. There are also some
beautiful structures in the environs of Nice.
The line from Nice continues towards Villefranche,
Beaulieu. Eza, and Monaco. The last-mentioned place—the
capital of the principality of that name—is a small but pic¬
tures jnc town of K>no inhabitants, built on a high headland.
The palace and gardens, with their beds of beautiful plants,
which can only be grown in hothouses in less fortunate
climes, are deserving of a special visit. Close to Monaco is
Monte Carlo, much frequented on account of its sea-bathing
an l its mild climate -not to mention its famous gaming¬
tables. the object of attraction to visitors of every nationality.
Tho Casino offers its numerous visitors fair play, the
excitement of the roulette-table and trente-et-quarante,
besides attractions such as daily and extraordinary concerts
and theatrical performances, got. up with the support of the
leading artistes of Paris. Finally, the pigeon-shooting there
draws together the liest shots in the world.
After crossing the Gorbio and Borigo torrents, wc reach
Mentone, a pretty town of 11,000 inhabitants, agreeably situate
on the bay of the same name. The luxuriant vegetation of the
c inn try aronnd. the beauty of its walks, the picturesque appear¬
ance of its buildings, together with its genial climate, have
made the place the favourite resort of a large number of
visitors, artists, tourists, and invalids.
On leaving Mentone, the train crosses the Franco-Italian
border, and stops at Yintimiglia, where the Customs formalities
h ivo to 1 r* gone through.
The principal places of interest between Vintimiglia and
Genoa are the following :—Bordigbera. a small town of 25<N>
inhabitants, the heights of which command the grand prospect
of the French Riviera as far as the Estcrel mountains;
Onpi-daleUo, a winter station created by a Lyons company ;
San Remo, a most picturesque town, pleasant and healthy,
with numerous promenades ; Alassio, a winter resort specially
frequented by English visitors ; Albenga, containing ruins of
Roman constructions; and finally, Savona, a town of 16,000
inhabitants, occupying a magnificent situation—the harbour is
a very fine one.
SECTION 3 : FROM MACON TO TURIN, VIA MONT CENIS.
The Mont Cenis line is remarkable for quick travelling, the
boldness of its construction, and the wild grandeur of the
country it runs through. Leaving Macon, the line runs to
Bourg, which possesses the beautiful church of Brou, one of
the finest in Franco ; and to Culoz, the junction of the Geneva
line. Shortly after leaving Culoz, the line approaches the
Lake Bourget, which it skirts for nearly its entire length.
Here is Aix-les-Bains, one of the most celebrated baths on the
Continent, honoured during summer by the presence of our
Queen Victoria and the British aristocracy. We next reach
Chambery, a pretty and interesting town, well worth a visit;
next, after a picturesque ascent. Modane is reached. The
train, at 5.J kilometres from Modane, enters the great Mont
Cenis tunnel, which is 18,671 mitres in length, connecting
France and Italy. It took over thirteen years to construct this
tunnel, and the cost reached nearly £3,000.000. On passing
out of the tunnel we are on Italian soil; and after a very
pleasant descent the train arrives at Turin.
Turin is one of the largest and most beautiful towns in the
Italian kingdom. It is situated in the centre of a fertile plain,
watered by the river Po. It is a pleasant and healthy city,
and boasts of numerous and comfortable hotels. Turin is the
point of intersection of the Milan, Venice, and Genoa lines,
the latter of which extends throughout the length of Italy.
SECTION 4: FROM TURIN TO VENICE.
Leaving Turin, we enter the beautiful and fertile plains of
Piedmont and Lombardy; and, after passing Novara, come to
Milan. This noble city, the capital of Lombardy, numbers
over 200,000 inhabitants, and is one of the great commercial
centres of Italy. The Cathedral of Milan, a splendid monu¬
ment, built of marble, ranks third amongst similar construc¬
tions in Europe. The grandeur of its architecture and the
beauty of the works of art it contains surpass all description.
Do not omit a visit to the Royal Palace, the Victor Emmanuel
Gallery, and the Poldi-Pozzoli Museum, as well as to the Brera,
au old Jesuit College.
The train, pursuing its way past Verona and Padua—towns
remarkable for their architectural monuments and historical
interest—duly arrives at Venice. This superb and celebrated
ancient city, the Queen of the Adriatic, is situate at about four
kilometres from the mainland, and occupies 117 islands, inter¬
sected by 150 canals, and connected by 378 bridges. It has a
population of about 135,000. The innumerable precious works
of art in the Venetian palaces have always had a great
attraction for visitors. The chief places of interest in Venice
are—the Public Square and magnificent Church of St. Mark,
the Procurati . the Campanile, the Clock Tower, the Piazzetta,
the Lido, the old Library, the splendid Palace of the Doges ;
the Fine-Art Academy, containing a fine collection of paint¬
ings and carved works. Venice also possesses numerous fine
churches of every style.
SECTION 5 : TURIN TO GENOA. FLORENCE, ROME.
AND NAPLES.
Genoa is a large and handsome town and seaport occupying a
splendid site. Its port, about three kilometres in circuit, is
the most important one in Italy, in a commercial point of
view. Besides its beautiful church, raised by contributions
from the great patrician families, it possesses numerous marble
palaces, splendidly decorated inside, and which have earned
for it the title of “ Genoa the Superb.’’
After passing La Spezia and Viareggio—winter resorts in
good repute for the mildness of their climate and their
luxuriant vegetation—we reach Pisa, a town of 50,000 in¬
habitants, situate in an extensive and fertile plain, and
enjoying a mild and salubrious climate, which is especially
recommended to the asthmatic. The Cathedral, built of
black and white marble, contains paintings and sculptural
works of priceless value. The Campanile, or *• Leaning
Tower,” in which Galileo carried out his experiment on
gravitation, comprises eight storeys of 207 superposed
colonettes. At Pisa, it is well to leave the direct line in
order to make an excursion to Florence, by way of Empoli.
Florence is a city of 170,000 inhabitants which no tourist
should miss visiting. Up to the time of the transfer of the
capital to Rome, it was the seat of the Italian Parliament.
The Uffizj and Pitti Palaces contain works by the great
masters : Praxiteles, Michael Angelo, Raphael, and Titian.
These masterpieces make up one of the finest art collections
in the world. The town also boasts of splendid churches,
Egyptian and Etruscan museums, and a fine-art academy.
From Pisa the train runs rapidly to Rome, after passing
Fnllonica, Grosseto, and CivitaVecchia. Of Rome, the capital
of Italy and seat of the Papacy, it would be absurd to 8|>eak
in a cursory manner. Nevertheless, we are bound to advise
persons who intend making but a short stay in Rome to visit
the Capitol, the Coliseum, the Vatican, and the Basilica of St.
Peter’s, the St. Angelo Fort, the Appian Way, the triumphal
arches of Titus and Constantine, and the Trajan Column,
From Rome to Naples the distance is 260 kilometres.
Naples is the most populous town in Italy, having 450,000
inhabitants. The Bay of Naples is one of the most beautiful
sights in the world. The town possesses some remarkable
monuments and artistic collections, and is especially famous
for the great animation prevailing everywhere. The environs
are particularly interesting—for instance, the Chiaja, the
Posilippo, and Vesuvius, the ascent of which is now effected
by a funicular railway which brings visitors to the crater ;
Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Castcllamare.
A recently-constructed line connects Naples and Brindisi,
by way of Metaponte and Tarento. The port of Brindisi, on
the Adriatic coast, is the embarking station for the India mail.
The trains of the Mont Cenis-Rome-Brindisi line are in
connection with the India mail-steamers at Brindisi.
In concluding this description we particularly recommend
the Mont Cenis route to travellers wishing to travel direct
from London to Italy. By this route the journey from London
to Turin is effected in 26 hours, from London to Milan in
2i»4 hours, to Florence in 37 hours, to Rome in 43 hours, and
to Naples in 5o hours. The Vintimiglia route is longer, but
the tourist will find ample compensation in visiting the beau¬
tiful country it runs through.
The ordinary carriages of the trains on both lines are
thoroughly comfortable. Some of the trains comprise saloon
and sleeping cars, arm-chairs, and sleeping accommodation.
A car provided with sleeping and toilet accommodation, and a
saloon-car, run daily between Calais and Vintimiglia ; and
a saloon and sleeper between Calais and Milan. Saloon-cars
also run daily between Paris and Marseilles. Vintimiglia,
Turin, Milan, and Rome. Wo may add that during the
winter season a daily train, consisting of saloon, sleeping, and
dining cars, will run daily between Paris and Vintimiglia.
Twice a week (Wednesdays and Saturdays) this train leaves
Calais at 1.30 p.m., connecting direct with the train leaving
London at 10 a.m.
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
LOBSTERS.
To-day, in the fishmonger’s shop, I beheld a large box of
lobsters which the early morning train had brought from the
far north of Scotland. They were packed into the box with
that total disregard of whatever feelings the lower animals may
possess which characterises man in his dealings with life below
his own, whether it is represented by fowls in hencoops or by
pigsor sheep in railway trucks. The seething mass of blue-block
bodies encrusted with tho white spiral shells of worms that
build limy tubes, was “ a sight for to see,” as the old ballad
has it. Lobsfcer-life seems to take its troubles with equanimity.
Beyond an occasional squirming of a tail or flap of a feeler, all
was quiet within the box. One veteran crustacean, perched in
a coign of vantage above the others, was working his jaws—
one of many pairs—as if still under the delusion that he was
cosily nestling under his rock in the sea. and baling out the
refuse water from his gills by means of the scooplike spoon
wherewith he is provided for the purpose in question. His
great black eyes, each resting on a short stalk, were staring
vacuously at the prospect before him. Mentally regarded,
that prospect was not a cheerful one. “ Out of the box and
into the pot ” might well parallel the frying-pan and fire simile
as applied to lobster-life. In a fe\v hours after I saw' that big
crustacean, I doubt not he w'as popped into his funeral urn.
As I write, his nice blue-black shell will have changed into the
bright red of the boiled animal—a colour seen, by-the-way, in
the lobster of a certain’ classic picture intended to represent the
native prod nets of the sea as obtained in the miraculous draught
of fishes. By to-morrow, nothing will be left of him but his
shelly armour. He will have perished, ns has many a higher
creature, in the work of making life brighter and better—in so
far as lobster-salad can be said to aid that desirable end—and
so runs the world away, little recking^ of the wonderful
amount of vital complexity which it consumes even in its
most commonplace fare.
A certain great naturalist has used the lobster-kind as tho
text or peg whereon to hang a very instructive book of natural
history science. In truth, I know of no better task for a
would-be naturalist than the attempt to discover the ways
and works of lobster-existence. From its head to its tail the
familiar crustacean is a living wonder. That it is a poor
relation of the crab is a plain fact; although why a “ poor ”
connection may not be quite so evident as is the relationship
itself. This matter resolves itself into a question of tail and
no tail. Early in life, crabs and lobsters are tailed animals.
Then your crab shortens the appendage just named and tucks
it up under his body — which, by-the-way, is all head
and chest. The lobster keeps his youthful tail through¬
out life, but poses as a low'er animal than tho crab in
consequence. He is nearer the groundlings of his race, in
other words, because of his tail ; and the crab, conversely, is his
more modified and better developed cousin, because he has a
higher nervous system and a more elevated and compact type
of body. Not alone in crustacean life is this matter of tails
a vitafquestion. From frogs up to man, the disappearance of
the tail bears an important part in the history of the race.
Heads are all very w'ell in the race for superiority ; but when
there is a doubt at all in the matter of aristocratic position
among the animal hosts, one may not go very far astray in
crediting with a station of high degree, the being which has
discarded his tail and, in a zoological sense, has come to the
short-jacket stage of anatomical perfection.
That lobster of ours has in his body some twenty joints or
segments, and there is not one joint which may not form food
for reflection. Every joint is really a replica of every other
joint, although, truly, you may require to dive into the in¬
tricacies of anatomy to trace out the likeness. Those six
joints of his tail are, perhaps, the simplest of his frame. Below
you observe that each possesses a couple of appendages called
the “ swimmerets.” and to thesa appendages Mamma Lobster,
as you may see, attaches her eggs, and constitutes herself a
walking nursemaid by reason of this little piece of attention
to maternal duties. Each pair of appendages is like every
other pair ; albeit, you find great variation in their shape and
form. Those of the tail exist each as a double-leaved structure
set on a joint. If yon look at the tail-fin, wherewith, aided by
the big muscles of the tail, the lobster makes a forcible backward
stroke in the water, you will discover that the fin consists simply
of a pair of the swimmerets you see further forward on the tail,
broadened out. and having a little centrepiece set in between
them. Go further forward on the body and yon come to the five
pairs of walking legs. Now these legs, after all, are only altered
swimmerets. in which the innermost leaf has grown big and foot¬
like and has become encased in a limy shell. Further forward
still, and you reach the “ foot-jaws,” which are half-way houses
between jaws in front and legs behind. Then come the jaws pro¬
per, of which your lobster boasts three pairs. One pair is hard and
homy, the other two arc softer in texture—but they are all really
swimmerets. like those of the tail. Finally, in front of the jaws
come the *• feelers,” and of these two pairs exist. The lesser
pair has two divisions, while the greater feelers, that project
like huge horns, have only one division or part. These feelers,
again, are only modified appendages, all corresponding to the
simpler ones of the tail. Finally come the eyes, and the
movable eye-stalks on which the eyes are set correspond to tho
single joint by which the appendages elsewhere are attached
to the body.
Now. if you ask me “ How one comes to all this certainty of
knowledge ! ” I reply, because when the lobster is a mere baby,
just out of his egg, or little further advanced in his history,
all the appendages resemble the swimmerets of the adult’s
tail. As he grows, those of the head change to form eye-
stalks, feelers, and jaws; others become his foot-jaws, and
others, again, his walking legs; and only those of the tail
retain their original form. It is not what things are, but what
they have sprung from, that we trust to in science for the
elucidation of their true nature; and the lobster is a good
illustration of the manner in which many and varied organs
of an animal’s body arise out of one common stock—a feature
which is repeated in the history of the whole animal.
Lobsters, thus, form a text, as I have said, for teaching a
great lesson in the value of watching an animal's development
as a clue to its history. For the rest space fails me, at present,
for the discussion of many interesting questions in crustacean
life—as, for example, the inquiry ** How and what do lobsters
see ? ” But of this matter more anon. Of gills, the lobster
possesses a full set, lying neatly packed away in the sides of
nis chest, and attached to the tops of his walking legs and foot-
jaws. A nervous system he likewise possesses, lying on the
floor of his hotly, like that of the insects, spiders, and centipede*,
of which he is a distant connection. He has feelers and eyes,
as we have noted ; his ears exist at the foot of his lesser pair
of feelers, and he possibly possesses a “ nose” (physiologically
regarded), for smelling functions, judging by his successful
search after the “ high ” and odoriferous fish wherewith the
lobster-traps arc baited. Altogether, the lobster is not to be
despised as a lowly creature. Contrariwise; and, as his life is
laid out for him, he possibly contrives to secure a full share of
whatever corresponds in lower existence to the delights of
higher or more sentient life. Andrew Wilson.
DEC. 15, 188S
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
719
THE PENINSULAR AND ORIENTAL
STEAMER PENINSULAR.
Although we are apt to complain, and, in the opinion of many,
not without a good show of reason, of the inadequacy of our
naval armaments, yet so far as our Commercial fleet is con¬
cerned, we are nhle, thanks to public and private enterprise,
notwithstanding the strenuous efforts which are at present
being made by France, Germany, and Italy in the matter of
shipbuilding, to hold our own in that direction against all
comers.
The Peninsular and Oriental Company, always in the van
of progress, and imbued with the commendable "determination
to be second to none of their competitors in the India, China,
and Australian trade, have scarcely placed in active service
their quartette of Jubilee ships, aggregating some 26,000 tone,
when we hear of the contemplated further addition of six
steamers to their already long list of magnificent vessels. Few
companies can boast of being the possessors of a fleet of
210,000 tons, the greater part consisting of steamers of a new
and improved type, in the construction of which the experience
of years has been brought to bear so as to adopt, on the one hand,
everything that modern science and forethought can suggest
to provide against the ever-present dangers of the ocean, and
on the other, to make such arrangements for the comfort and
well-being of passengers, both as regards accommodation and
cnisine, as wonld satisfy the most inveterate grumbler who
would scarcely be content were every vessel a floating Hotel
Hetropole.
The trial-trip of the Peninsular, the first of the last pro¬
jected six steamers, took place at Greenock, where she has been
built by Messrs. Caird and Co. This vessel is a somewhat new
departure from the preceding steam-ships of tbeCompany, being
more especially designed to meet the multifarious wants of
Indian travellers. Her gross tonnage is 5000 tons, and her
horse-power of the same figure. Her accommodation for
passengers, of whom she will carry Borne 200, in the first and
second saloon, is of the highest order, and those who have
hitherto been debarred from visiting our great Eastern empire
by fancied discomforts which they were reluctant to encounter,
will find that the appointments, so far as roominess and
airiness go, satisfy the wants of the most fastidious voyagers.
The Peninsular is fitted with what all Indian passengers
know is such a special boon—an unusual assortment of deck-
cabins, all the berths being models of comfort. The dining¬
rooms and saloons hear the impress of refined luxury as well as
admirable taste on the part of the architect of the Imperial
Institute, who is responsible for the design of this particular
branch of the work. The great beam of the ship—48 ft.—will
ensure increased steadiness at sea, and it will be a matter of
assuranoe to timid passengers that the vessel is built in six
water-tight compartments, besides which there is on ample
supply of Life-boats and a steam launch. Special precautions
are taken against fire, and cool chambers are fitted for pro¬
visions and the production of ice.
There is no doubt that the Peninsular will demonstrate her
capabilities in the matter of fast steaming, possessing, as she
docB, the cardinal qualifications which make for speed and
safety, as well as strength and stability. She left London for
Bombay on Dec. 7, with n full passenger-list; and it is con¬
fidently expected that she will achieve renown as a passenger-
Bhip plying between our own shores and India. A sister-ship,
the Oriental, of 5500 tons gross burthen, with accommodation
for I'.-> first-class and thirty-five second-class passengers, also
built for this Company by Messrs. Caird, of Greenock, has
since been launehed.
Mr. Henry Tate, sugar refiner, of Streathnm and Liverpool,
who recently presented Liverpool with a homoeopathic hospital,
and .South Lambeth with a free library, has given £1000 to
the Liverpool Merchant's Guild, for the relief of decayed
gentlemen and gentlewomen.
CAPTAIN COOK’S VOYAGES.
In the early, the very early, years of the present reign a
favourite boys' book, as many of my readers will probably
remember, was the little one-volume edition of “ Tbe Voyages
of Captain James Cook.' 1 Ah me, such a contrast—with its
dull, not to say dingy-looking, cover, and its small type, and
its indifferent paper—to tbe gorgeous things which tbe activity
of publishers, the fertility of authors and artists, and the
resources of printers, now-a-days produce in such profusion
for the delight of our “young gentlemen”! In the time I
speak of • Books for Boys," as a class per «■, were almost mi-
known ; and the juveniles, to a great extent, fed upon so mAh
of the intellectual pabulum of their seniors as those sen ^8
thought fit to deal out to them. They were allowed to lu.,^
riate, for instance, in Bruce's “Travels in Abyssinia." or “11 4
Mutiny of the Bounty,” or " Drake. Cavendish, rvid Dumpier, w
or “ The Life of Nelson ’’—with “ Baron Munchausen," “Th I
Castle of Otranto," and Scott's “ Ivnnhoc ” thrown in a. 1
lighter reading. Perhaps it was because our choice was 6cfi
limited that our partiality was so great; but, assuredly,
the few books which then brightened a boy's bookshelf
wero very dearly loved and valued, were read and
re-read and made much of, and treated altogether as house¬
hold companions and bosom friends. My observation of the
ways and habits of the young folk of the present time leads
me to doubt whether the story-books which flow so continu¬
ously into their possession are the happy recipients of an
equal affection.
At all events, of the books of onr boyhood, in that dim and
distant past, when Queen Victoria rode out daily on horse¬
back, accompanied by her young and handsome husband, and
Louis Philippe practised his petty economies in the Tnileriee—
an age which seems as far away from us now as the age of
the dodo— 1 Captain Cook’s Voyages' 1 was held to be a pearl
without price. Boys carried it about with them, like a fetish
or a talisman ; and read it in corners of the playground, or
inserted it inside their Latin grammars, and hazarded
surreptitious glances at ;it» fascinating pages. And oh : what
a region of charm and magic those pages revealed to the
youthful fancy ! Sweet summer isles of Eden, nestling in
warm sunny seas ; groves of palm, which no bleak winter-
winds stripped bare ; clusters of bread-fruit trees, with their
untaxed and unadulterated stores of food ; coral reefs, white
with the foam of ceaseless breakers ; happy islanders dancing
in gay measures upon lawny slopes ; glories of sunrise and
sunset across the wide waste of the Pacific—all these came
upon us like glimpses of heaven upon the excited vision
of a medieval saint.' Through the open windows of the
hot school-room on a drowsy summer afternoon, how often
the boyish imagination would take its flight, and, crossing
leagues of land and sea, follow close in the track of Cook and
his companions, enchanted by each novel scene, and by the
simple ignorance and seeming innocence of its dusky-
skinned inhabitants. Wo revelled in the beauties of Tahiti
and Hawaii (or Otaheite and Oivhyhee, us Cook spells the
names), and joyfully disported among the blue creeks and
bays of the Navigators’ Archipelago. And how we loved the
familiar every-day names which Cook bestowed upon his dis¬
coveries—such as the Friendly Islands and the Society Islands—
so qnaintly unlike the sonorous designations of Spaniard or
Portuguese. We relished, too, the matter-of-fact way in which
lie (or his historian) invariably speaks of the wonders which
daily greeted him. On such and such a day “ they passed two
small islands, and about noon on the following day sighted
more land." And next “ they saw a number of fires and smoke
in sjveral places, whence it was conjectured that the place was
well peopled." Those fires produced a strong impression upon
«s 1 And again, “ when the ship was clear of all the islands
which had been laid down in such maps as were on board, they
were surprised at sighting an island to the west-south-west,
which they supposed was a new discovery.” No flourish of
trumpets here ; all is severe simplicity.
I know few books better adapted to stimulate the sense of
wonder in a boy, and to awaken his imagination, than “ Cook’s
Voyages.” There is a breezy, bracing atmosphere throughout;
and the hero of it, the Yorkshire labourer’s sou, who attained
Til K NKW P. AND O. KTKAMKR. PEN IN SOLAR.
by industry, courage, and integrity, to his responsible position,
is as good an example ns one could wish to set before the young,
ile is the greatest of discoverers, and we have good cause to
lie proud of him as an Englishman, if only for the fine
humanity which marked his transactions with the native
populations. I suppose that few discoverers have shed so little
blood. Then the interest of his ocean-wanderings is iuex
haustible. He went out into a new world, and annexed it like
a conqueror. One day they come upon a race of people
who refuse to drink rum or biandy, intimating, after tasting
it, by signs, that it burned their throats. These total abstainers
have broad, fiat faces, high cheeks, noses inclining to flatness,
wide nostrils, small black eyes, large mouths, and straight black
hair falling down over their ears and foreheads. Another day
they are witnesses of a war-dance. Again, they are surrounded
by a fleet of canoes, the crews of which, equipped with spears,
darts, battle-axes, and the patoo-patoo, make the air ring
with cries of defiance. At one time they are sailin'- slowly
across a sea as bine as the heaven above it, with an apparently
measureless expanse of waters stretching all around; at
another they are drifting into a still lagoon, which sleeps
within its belt of coral, shaded by a few cocoa-nut palms with
feathery crests. Bright little pictures like these are constantly
flashing across the page:—“The islands were shaded with
evergreens and covered with woods, and exhibited a delightful
prospect. The rocky shores were enlivened with flocks of
aquatic birds, and the whole country resounded with the wild
notes of the feathered songsters.” Or—“ The sea was quite
unruffled ; and the sun, shining brightly, exposed the various
sorts of coral in the most beautiful order.” Dip where you
will, you will come upon some such suggestive passage, and
may soon lose yourself in dreams.
But the truth is, Captain James Cook was exceedingly lucky
in his opportunities. The chart of the great southern ocean
was almost a virgin one when oar discoverer first set sail from
Deptford. The world was all before him where to choose. He
sailed into the unexplored Pacific, and, as a matter of conrse,
struck upon some new land almost everyday. There they lay,
those fresh fair island-groups, all waiting to be discovered. So
it was with the early astronomers after the invention of the
telescope. As soon as they pointed their magic tabes towards the
azure depths of the firmament, new planets immediately swam
within their ken. No such good fortune now-a-days rewards
the navigator or the stargazer. The islands have been gathered
up from east to west, and the stars all catalogued like the
items in a grocer's shop. No wonder that our later voyages
have none, of the rare sweet fascination of Captain Cook's.
They tell an oft-told tale ; ’twas Cook’s felicity to tell it first.
There are omnibuses and bathing-machines at Honololu now,
and German “ interests ” at Samoa • the romance and poetry of
the islands are as dead as Queen Anne. That is the worst of
experience; it leaves us nothing to anticipate. So that Captain
Cook's voyages to the middle-aged reader becomes qnitcanother
thing to wbat it was to the boy.
At this time of the year custom demands that to onr
simplest reflections and palest commonplaces a “ seasonable ”
colouring should be given ; and no doubt the patient reader
is already wondering when and how I shall establish a con¬
nection between Christmas and “Cook’s Voyages.” I might
be content to say that the book makes a capital companion
for Christmastide—for the wassail bowl, and the yule-log, and
the evergreens. But I confess that the fancy, in my mind, is
this ; To youth and old age Christmas comes with mneh the
same difference of feeling about it as “ Cook’s Voyages.” To
youth it opens up an ideal world, full of bright, fairy scenes—
radiant in the “ purpureum lumen ” of hope and promise. All
is new'—untested—untried. The map is not yet filled in ;
the planetary spaces are not yet gauged. Every day brings
with it a discovery; the bark bounds buoyantly over
seas hitherto nntraversed, and the morning mists, as they
rise, reveal shores hitherto unknown. lint in onr Inter
years Christmas discloses to ns no such glorious visions. The
chart is full: the world's novelties have been essayed, and
taken connt of. There is no more promise, no more "expecta¬
tion ; all that belongs to ns is the burden of the past. While
Youth, with eager eye and panting breath, strains towards the
future and its wealth of green islands and sunny sens—so
new, so strange, so rapturous ; Old Age, with towed bend
and weary limbs, coils np in the fireside-corner to repernse the
record of the parted years— the stained pages of the log-book
of its “ Voyages "— and to tell over the Christmases that have
been and shall be no more W. H. D.-A.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Dec. 1!
THK HERMIT RANGE, WITH THE RAILWAY STATION, FROM TH
THE STONY CREEK BRIDGE, 293 FEET H
MOUNT CARROLL, EAST SIDE.
VIEWS ON THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY, BRITISH COLUMBIA.
722
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 15, 1888
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.
Oar Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, on his long railway
journey from Montreal to Vancouver, which ia performed in
five days, made a Sketch of the interior of the sleeping-car
allotted to the class of passengers regarded as intending
colonists, who obtain cheaper, though less luxurious, accom¬
modation than the first-class through passengers. In each
transcontinental train, we understand, there are fourteen
sleeping-carriages and eleven dining-carriages, with extra ones
to provide for trains that carry a heavier load. The “ through-
sleeping ” carriago goes over the entire route, its conductor
and servants going thL whole way. They thus become
acquainted with the peculiarities and special wants of their
passengers, and aid in relieving the monotony of the long
Journey by giving notification of the approach to attrac¬
tive bits of scenery, to see which it may be necessary to
jtiae early in the morning. The sleeping and dining-carriages
'afford all the conveniences needed for the long journey. The
sleeping-carriage is constructed with six “ sections ” (as they
are called) on each side. Each section will represent the seats
and high backs of an English railway carriage, except that an
, aisle passing along the middle of the carriage divides one side
from the other side. At night the seats are rearranged into
an tipper and a lower set of berths, with curtains drawn in front.
At one eud a section, made somewhat wider, is inclosed in the
form of a state-room, so as to give complete privacy. In the
aK? ro ff ate » twenty-six persons can be given sleeping accom¬
modation in the carriage ; while at either end are toilet-rooms,
and a bath-room is also provided. At the rear of the sleeping-
carriage is a large open apartment, with a good outlook from
the back platform, this being the rear of the train, so that the
passengers can use it as a smoking-room and have a view of
the line as the train passes.
Our views of the mountain, glacier, and torrent scenery of
British Columbia, which have been hitherto presented, were all
supplied by Mr. Melton Priors sketches; but those which appear
this week are from the photographs taken by Messrs. W. Xotman
and Son, of Montreal. We have already spoken of the Selkirk
Range, and of its Great Glacier, a vast plateau of gleaming ice
extending as far as the eye can reach—as large, it is said, as all
those of Switzerland combined. Here, at an elevation of 4122 ft.,
are the station and hotel, within thirty minutes' walk of theGreat
Glacier, from which Mount Sir Donald rises, a naked and abrupt
pyramid, to a height of more than & mile and a half above the
railway. This stately mountain was named after Sir Donald
Smith, one of the chief promoters of the Canadian Pacific
Railway. Farther to the left, looking from the hotel, aro two
or three sharp peaks, inferior only to Sir Donald, while Rogers’
Pass and the snowy mountain beyond (part of the Hermit
range, which is called Grizzly, from the frequency with which
bears are met upon its berry-bearing slopes), are in full view.
The hotel is a handsome structure, resembling a Swiss chalet,
which serves not only as a dining station for passing trains,
but affords a delightful stopping place for tourists who wish
to hunt, or explore the surrounding mountains and glaciers.
The Great Glacier is hardly a mile away, and its forefoot is
only a few hundred feet above the level of the hotel. A good
path has been made to it, and its exploration is within an easy
walk. A glacier stream has been made to furnish fountains
about the hotel. Game is very abundant throughout these
lofty ranges; tbeir summits are the home of the bighorn
sheep and the mountain goat, the latter almost unknown
southward of Canada.
The Bear Creek station is 1000 ft. above the Beaver, whose
upper valley can be seen penetrating the mountains south¬
ward for a long distance. The line here leaves the Beaver
and turns up Bear Creek along continuing grades of 116 ft. to
the mile. The principal difficulty in construction of this part
of the line was occasioned by the torrents which come down,
many of them in splendid cascades, through narrow gorges
cut deeply into the steep slopes along which the railway
creeps. The bridge that crosses Stony Creek—a noisy rill
flowing in the bottom of a narrow deep ravine, 296 ft. below
the rails—is one of the loftiest railway bridges in the world.
Beyond Stony Creek bridge, the gorge of Bear Creek is com¬
pressed into a ravine between Mount Carroll on the left and
the Hermit on the right, forming a narrow portal to the
summit, with enormous precipices at each side. Mount
Carroll towers a mile and a quarter above the railway in
almost vertical height, its numberless pinnacles piercing the
sky overhead.
The Duke of Cambridge has reopened the Sailors’ Institute,
Mercer-street, Shadwell, which has recently been undergoing
a thorough repair.
The Goldsmiths' Company have presented a picture by Mr.
O. A. Storey. A.R.A., called “ The Violinist,” to the Corporation
of London for their art gallery at Guildhall.
At a meeting hold at King's College, the Bishop of London
presiding, a committee was appointed to collect funds to
carry out a thorough repair of the church of St. Mary-le-
Strand.
It has been decided at a special meeting of the Council
of the National Rifle Association that, subject to the arrange¬
ments for acquiring additional ground being satisfactory, the
offer of the Government for the use of land at Brookwood,
near Aldershott, should be accepted for the annual meeting.
The first anniversary conversazione in connection with the
British Nurses’ Association was held on Dec. 7 at the Grosvenor
Gallery. In the absence of Princess Christian, president of
the association, the guests, who numbered over 1000, were
received by Mr. W. 8. Savory, President of the Royal College
of Surgeons. This association, the only oue of its kind in the
kingdom, was founded just a year ago, and already its members
number upwards of 1600, and branches are being formed in the
Colonies. Its objects are to increase the usefulness of trained
nurses by elevating the general standard of professional know¬
ledge, and to enable the nurses to unite for mutual support.
The association seeks to obtain a Royal charter to provide for
the legal registration of its members, and so protect the public
from the numerous unskilled women who at the present time
are acting as nurses.
An appeal is being made by the council of Bedford College
for public contributions towards the enlargement of the
college premises, the object of the enlargement being the
provision of improved laboratories aud of accommodation at
an economical rate for students of narrow means. It is pro¬
posed that the new buildings should be called the “ Shaen
Wing " in commemoration of the late Mr. William Shaen, who
took an active interest in the management of the college
from its earliest days. Bedford College is now the principal
college for women in London. The number of its students
has risen from 68 in 1873 to 118 in IM87. Of the 152 women
who are Masters and Bachelors of Arts of the University of
London, 61 hive been students of Bedford College ; and of
the 21 women who are Doctors and Bachelors of .Science, 12
have been students of the same institution. Contributions
may bo sent to the chairman, Dr. Russell, F.R.S., 34, Upper
namilton-terrace, N.W.; or to the honorary secretary, Bedford
College.
CHESS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
u. B*(/by-gt root ” Lead a.
W Yomo.-Marked for further ex
•’ Ci.aiikk (flriBtol).—They shall In
hi. and liojio yon will have time to do both.
Pierce Onmbit" is sn oversight wo
alteration*.
D If S i6t Austell).—If, in 2
Kl 4th.
B D P (St Andrews*.—Tot
’ indicating the aei
mended diagram. Wc ra
X, Black moves his Kt. 1
ir solution of N
in get Pawns to their eighth
’bite
cried Rook ia
undertake to make
ithQatg
suggested defen
the King's Oaml
to much. The game continues-:. P to q 4th, q to R Mh (cli); 8. K to
n mt, with a good game.
O q K.-Wc cannot understand your position. Is White's Rook to move, or has it
moved ?
Conn kit soi.rnos* of rnont.Ku No. 2337 received from Emil Frau (Lyons),
* ■“ ' (Montreal). An Old Lady (Paterson, U.S.A.). and James D Mniinan
.. mi Blair II Cochrane and Paul von Sxivos (Vienna):
glit, J T Pullen, Alpha, R Elliott, E Ci Boys.J J
0 Urodie, J A -Sell mu etc, Hcrowurd, W Heitzmnn,
(Lockcrl.
. 2338 from F
V E Carti
,and WHMor
Martin F, E Pa sella (Par
(Loughton), K Elliott,
W R Raillem, Howard
dell, J Hei'worfh Blmv
Emanuel, J Hartley Si
from R Worfsrs (Cnnter-
nn, Dawn, Jupiter Junior,
D (Woburn), J <5 Finney
. .. ........ .. „ .. „,n (Cambridge), cholnell,
F C Cook (Reading). W W Hardman, A W Hamilton
C E P, Dr Walt/, i Heidelberg), Emil Frau, Arthur
" v (i Tucker, G W C, Brodie, W Coster (Clapton),
~ ' ** T —•* Masted, Joseph T Pullen,
i W Young, ltul.y Rook,
James Maui ms. K W En*.>r (Cardiff), Aliqui*. A W Young, Hul.y Rook,
quidnunc, w Von Beverhoudt, <! J Venle, J Ross (Whitley), J Bridge. E P,
J Dixon, L Desanges, E J Winter Wo.kI, Dane John, J A Schmiicke. J Hall,
Roiitchcr (Bourne Find), Cuggeshall Chess Club. C Worrall. E Lucas, Mrs
Kelly, W F. Cartwright, W V Welch, T Roberts, W Heitzmann, T C (Wan-),
and Dr Law (.Sheffield).
Solution of Problem No. 2328.
WHITE. BLACK.
1. K to Kt 3rd K moves
2. R to R 2nd K moves
3. R to R 5th K moves
4. R to Q 5th. Mate.
PROBLEM No. 2332.
By E. J. Winter Wood.
BLACK.
WHITE.
White to play, and mate in three moves.
Game played between Messrs. F.
■white (Mr. H.)
1.1* to K 4th
2. 1* to Q 4th
3. P to K 5th
4. P to Q B 3rd
5. P to K B 4th
is thei
5 .
6. Kt to K B 3rd
7. B to Q 3rd
8. P to q R 3rd
9. B to K 3rd
1U. B to B 2nd
11. Q Kt to Q 2nd
12. P to Kr 3rd
13. Castles
14. q to K 2nd
15. Kt to Kt 5th
16. q takes Kt
17. QKtto B 3rd
18. Kt to R 3rd
(French
black (Mr.G.)
P to K 3rd
p to q 4th
P to Q B 4th
Kt to q B 3rd
mal move.
Kt to R 3rd
B to K 2nd
P to K Kt 3rd
P to q R ith
Pto BSth
P to q Kt 4th
B to K 5th (ch)
B to K 2nd
P to R 5th
Kt to K Kt 6th
Kt takes B
3. P take* B «ch', K t
!.V It takes P, with a
22 . q to Q 2 nd
A weak move, the vigour of r
onslaught being scarcely apprcciat
LONDON.
Healey nnd J. G. i
Defence ).
white (Mr. H.)
22 .
23. B P takes P
25. Q to B Ml
26. R takes B
27. Kt to B 2nd
28. Kt toQsq
29. R to K 3rd
30. K to B 2nd
31. Q to Q 2nd
All this pirt of the
by Black.
32. R to B 3rd
33. K to Kt 3rd
34. Q to K 3rd
Rlack can hardly h •
draw, but lus strati-p
admirable.
35. Kt takes U
36. B to q sq
37. Kt to K sq
38. B to B 2nd
39. Kt to Kt 2nd
40. V U> B 5th
41. P to B Gth (ch)
The Kin
BLACK (Mr.G.)
P to Kt fill!
Kt takes P
B Lakes P
B Likes R
B to q 2nd
R to q Kt sq
QK.
q to it 4th
It to Kt 5tl
q to R 2nd
R takes Kt
K to R 7th
q to Kt 8th
q to Kt 7th
P to Jt Oth
B to It 5th
K to H 2n d
a spirited attack
42. Kt to K so
! 43. R takes B
14. q takes q
45. R takes R
116. K takes R I*
1 47. Kt to B 3rd
i of Importance.
Hg the bp-l.
B takes B
q to Kt Oth
P takes Q
P to Kt 7th
A new chess clnb has been successfully started at Chippenham, and
meets, under the presidency of Captain A* B. Rooke, at the Temperance
Hotel. The hon. secretary is J. Charles Coleman, M.R.C.V.S.
We have received the preliminary programme of the sixth American
Chess Congress, which Is circulated with a view of obtaining suggested
amendments from the public and Intending players. It la much too long
for even n summary In this column; but, in tho main, follows the rules of
the London Congress of 1883. and Is. so for, in little need of improvement.
The chief novelty Is Rule 17. which ha* been devised for the purjK.se of
getting over the difflnihj caused by player* retiring In the middle of the
tourney. The attemiit Is ingenious, but seems to create by Its complexity
much more trouble than it obviates, and wo shall watch with Interest the
result* of its adoption. The fairest plan seems to be to cancel all
games played by n retiring competitor; which, we think, might be
safely adopted in lieu of that suggested by the American Committee.
The amount collected so for for the imnxwes of the Congress exceeds
£1000. and the minimum amount of prizes offered Is £750. The winner is
liable to n challenge for the Championship of tho World, providing not less
than four Kumjienn j .layer* compete In tno tourney, and a liberal provision
Is made for his benefit In the event of being compelled to play, whatever
may be the result or the Championship Match. Wc understand Mr. Stelnitx
U a likely competitor.
In the eomjxituion for the Metropolitan Senior Cnp a match was pin red
on Nov. 27 between tho North London and Brixton Chess Clubs! the
former had matter* all Us own way and ultimately won by 81 game* to
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From our oicn Correspondent.)
The political week has been marked by the usual noisy scones
in the Chamber, this time aggravated by a commence¬
ment of pugilism between two deputies. The main interest
however, is outside Parliament, in the polemics which are
caused by the approaching general elections, and by the
discussion of the tactics of the enigmatic Boulanger, whose
utterances arc commented upon variously by his various allies.
His last manifesto at Nevers terminated, as usual, with the cry
of “ Vive la IWpublique !” but, at the same time, the orator-
spoke most kindly of the coup d’etat and its author, and also of
the partisans of Royalty ; still, he was perhaps just a little too
Republican, and both Bonapartiste amlOrleanists make reserves
in tbeir approval of themanifesto, without,however, denouncing
the Boulangistpact to which they are both parties. 1 he General's
allies are not absolutely displeased, but they are no longer
enthusiastic. This symptom is noteworthy, because it *ho\vs
how difficult the role of Boulanger will become when he has
to concert with his Monarchist and Imperialist allies as to the
line of conduct to be followed when the day of battle arrives.
Will there be a plebiscite, or a Con9tituante, or what? The
Bonapartiste demand the former, the Royalists the latter, and
the chances are that, in the midst of the squabbling’ the
Republic will come out victorious after all.
The Income Tax Bill may be considered already rejected.
The Commission appointed to examine the Bill has elected
M. Jules Roche president, and the majority of the members of
the Commission are hostile, not only to this present Bill, hut
to any kind of income tax. The Commission will present a
very strong report against the whole principle of income
taxation.
A last echo of the funereal Bandin manifestation on the
anniversary of Dec. 2 : the Municipal Council has changed the
name of the Boulevard Haussmann to that of Boulevard
Bandin. This is black ingratitude and rank folly ; but for
both these defects the Municipal Council is famous.
The new extraordinary war Budget amounts in all to the
sum of 770,731,000/. Out of this total, credits have already
been opened to the amount of 228,335.000f. For the remnant
542,39(5,000f., there is only a rcliquat of 55,000,000f. to te
disposed of. Where is the rest to come from ? From loans
without guarantee ? M. De Freycinet is anxious to take serious
measures to meet these expenses. But what measure can be
taken ? How can a country live and prosper with a floating
debt to which a milliard is added from time to time in this
calm way ?
The question of Mont Saint Michel was the subject of a
lively debate in the Chamber a few days ago. A Radical
deputy made a furious attack against the architect, M. Ed.
Corroyer, whom he accused of clericalism and of being a
member of the conscil d'administration of the (Euvre des
Freres de la Doctrine chr^tienne. In order to curry favour
with the Radicals the new Director of the Fine Arts Depart¬
ment. M. Larroumet, has revoked M. Corroyer from his
functions. This is regrettable. M. Corroyer has devoted
fifteen years of his life to the restoration of Mont Saint
Michel,and he has always acted by the orders of the Fine Arte
Department, which has hitherto been satisfied with his archeo¬
logical knowledge, and never inquired into his personal
opinions and sympathies.
M. Auguste Vacquerie’s new comedy “ Jalousie,” produced
at the Gymnase, is an absolute failure. In reality it is a
comedy dc cape ct d'epee, but M. Vacquerie has made tho
mistake of dressing his characters in contemporary costume,
and so their actions, attitude, and language excite con¬
temptuous laughter instead of pleasurable interest. M.
Vacquerie, who is a veteran of the old romantic school, is
furious at the want of respect which the public have shown
for his work, and cannot realise the fact that his piece is very
bad, as bad as it can be. although the author is also the author
of * l Tragaldabas ” and “ Jean Baudry,” and a great poet in the
esteem of Algernon Charles Swinburne.
Experiments have been made at Joinville of a new system
of mechanical traction for canal service invented by M.
Maurice Iw5vy, member of the Institute. This consists of an
endless wire-rope fixed along the two banks of the canal on
supports provided with pulleys and driven by a stationary
engine. The boats hook on to this cable just as tramways hook
on to the underground cables in use in many towns. The rate
of progression will be two miles and a half an hour, and the
cost of traction half that of horse-traction. This new system
is to be applied to the whole of the French canal system.
Plaisanterie, winner of the Cambridgeshire and Cesare-
witch in 1887, was sold by auction the other day at Chantilly,
and bought by Sir Tatton Sykes for GO.OOOf. The sale
attracted a great concourse of sportsmen, who all regretted
that the celebrated mare was to leave France.—Encouraged by
the success of the Patti performances, the directors of Ihc
opera announce that the tenor Gayarr6 will sing “ L’Africaine”
and “ La Favorite” in April. Thus it seems the disastrous
“ star ” system is to become the rule at the Paris opera as it is
in Buda-Pesth or Rio Janeiro. La Patti comes back to Paris
on Dec. 17 to continue her performances. — The irre¬
pressible General Boulanger is about to plead for a divorce
from his wife. The General’s son-in-law, Captain Driant,
is following in the footsteps of his father-in-law. The walls
of Paris are covered with flaring posters annonneing the issue
in penny parts of " La Guerre de Demain.” by “Captain Danrit,”
the anagramme of Driant. The Minister of War, M. Do
Freycinet, has sent Captain Driant to prison (aux arrets) for
thirty days for indiscipline. The Captain ought to have asked
permission of the War Office before publishing his book.—T. C.
Mr. A. J. Balfour, M.P., presided at the thirty-ninth
anniversary dinner of the National Orphan Home, and in
proposing the toast of the evening made an earnest appeal
for this valuable institution. Contributions to the amount of
£730 were announced.
The Lord Mayor presided on Dec. 7 over the annual meeting
of th? Surgical Aid Society, held at the Cannon-street Hotel.
He said that the benefits* which the charity dispensed were
increasing year by year. In connection with the meeting,
donations to the amount of £370 were announced.
A meeting was held on Dec. 7 of the finance committee of
the Mansion House Fund in connection with the holding of
the Metropolitan Exhibition of the Royal Agricultural Society
next year. The fund was reported to amount to £4300, and
Mr. Walter Gilbey handed in various additional donations
amounting to £278 which he had collected. Mr. Jacob Wilson
said the prize list at the exhibition would be the most com¬
prehensive of its kind ever offered. The exhibition would bo
open on Monday, June 21. and continue the whole week. It
was resolved unanimously to contribute £4000 from the
Mansion House Faud towards tho prizes, and the Lord Mayor
was requested to make a further appeal for donations towards
this special fund. The Lord Mayor (who presided) said ns a
Westmorland man he should like to offer a 20 guinea prize for
the best Herd wick ram of any a go, and Mr. Wilson accepted
the offer on the part of the society.
DEC. 15, 1883
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
723
A magnificent selection
of Diamond Jewelry
on View.
GEXTLBM1
LP CHRONOMETER PERPETUAL
>S REPEATER
HRONOMETER DOUBLE
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ATCH,
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ILLUSTRATED LIST
CHRISTMAS NOVELTIES
POST-FREE.
rf&73mdo7i/ Jeweller, 25, OLD BOND-STREET, W
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£ 200 .
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Clock-Watches, £K0 and £200 ; Calendar Clock-Watches, £300; and Repeater Chronograph Watches, Repeater Calendnr Watches, Minute Repeaters, Half-Quarter Repealed. Chronograph Calendars, Ac., from £30 to £15
and other complicated Watches of the roost perfect make can always be seen.
Any of the above Watches will be sent, Free and Safe, and at onr Risk, to any part of the World, on receipt of Banker’s Draft for the corresponding amount.
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AWIT ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE (the moat complete of Us Liml issued), containin') /all Descriptions and Illustrations of these and oil other Watches, from £2 2«. to £250. Clacks of all kinds, Stive
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724
DEC. IS. 1888
TTIE ILLTTSTHATEP LONDON NEWS
01UTI T ARY.
RTR WALTER OKORtlR STIRLING, BART.
Sir Walter George Stirling, Bart., of F&akino, in the county
of Lanark, J.P. and
D.L. for Kent and Mid¬
dlesex, died at his resi¬
dence in Portman-
square on Dec. 1, in his
eighty-ninth year. He
was only son of Sir
, Walter Stirling. M.P.,
on whom the baronetcy
was conferred in 1800,
[ and grandson of Sir
Walter .Stirling of
Faskine, Captain R.N.,
a distinguished naval
The deceased Baronet was educated at Westminster
and Christ Church. Oxford. He married. Aug. 18. 1835,
Lady Caroline Frances Byng, (laughter of John, first Earl of
Stafford, G.C.B., and had two sons and two daughters. Of
the former, the elder, Walter, died unmarried June 5, 1802,
and the younger, Colonel Walter George, R.A., now succeeds
as third Baronet. He was horn Sept, 6, 1839: and married,
Oct, 15. 1875, Viscountess Clifden. daughter of Mr. F. C. W.
Seymour, and sister of the present Countess Spencer.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL TROTTER, M.P.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry John Trotter, of Byers Green Hall,
in the county of Durham, M.P. for Colchester, died from an
accident in hunting. He was second son of the late Lieutenant-
Colonel William Trotter, who was alsokilledoufchuntingin 1806.
The gentleman whose death we record was a barrister, a
Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, and M.A. of Oriel College,
Oxford.
We have also to record the deaths of—
Major Alexander H. Ross, M.P., suddenly at 9, Upper
Berkeley-square, aged fifty-eight.
Lady Georgiana Needham on Dec. 3, at Datchet House,
Dntchet. at the age of ninety-three years. She was the sixth
of the eight daughters of Francis, first Earl of Kilmorey, and
great-aunt to the present Earl.
The Rev. Samuel Earnsbaw. assistant minister of Sheffield
parish church, on Dec. 6, at the age of eighty-three. In
1831 Mr. Eamshaw was Senior Wrangler and first Smith's
prizeman. He was a most successful coach at Cambridge for
sixteen years, and had been in his present position at Sheffield
since 1847.
Colonel George Churchill Bartholomew, late of the 10th
and the 109th Regiments, suddenly on Dec. 2, aged fifty-eight.
He was third eon of the late Archdeacon Bartholomew of
Morchard Bishop. Devon, entered the Army in 1850, and saw
service iu India and Abyssinia.
Mr. Edward Cutler, Q.C.. has been elected a Bencher of the
Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn in succession to the late
Sir Richard Baggallay.
The Grocers' Company have contributed £100 and the
Clothworkers’ Company £50 to the Mansion House fund in
connection with the next Metropolitan Exhibition of the Royal
Agricultural Society.
At a meeting of guarantors of the Leeds Musical Festival
held on Dec. 6, it was stated that the guarantee fund now
reaches £25,000, being about £7000 in advance of the amount
subscribed three years ago.
Mr. Deputy Hart, who has represented the Ward of Cole-
man-street for some years in the Court of Common Conncil,
has been unanimously elected an alderman in the room of Mr.
J. E. Saunders, resigned.
The Marquis of Lome presided on Dec. f> at a meeting in
the Holborn Townhall to promote the establishment of four
technical schools—in Finsbnry, Hackney, Islington, and St.
Pancras. A resolution was adopted pledging the meeting to
endeavour to raise the £200.000 needed to accomplish the work.
The Drury-lane Working Girls’ House and Day Nursery
has been instituted to help the girls living in the crowded
district of Drury-lane who, just leaving school, are earning
their own livelihood or seeking employment. A report frlly
explaining the work which is carried on under the direction
of a committee of ladies, will be sent on application to tho
hon. treasurer, Mr. W. Fortescue Barratt, 73, Drury-lane.
Funds are urgently needed to meet the current expenses.
The Earl of Limerick has given an unsolicited reduction of
20 per cent to the numerous tenantry on his Irish estates.
Reductions amounting to close upon 50 per cent have also
been made, without solicitation, to his Lordship’s town tenants
occupiers of houses, and small plots.
The fourteenth anniversary dinner of the Metropolitan
Dairymen’s Benevolent Institution took place on Dec. 6 at the
Freemasons’ Tavern, Mr. William Low occupying the chair.
There was a very large attendance, and the donations announced
amounted to about £000.
Two small stained-glass windows, from the studio of Messrs.
Warrington and Co., have been placed in the chancel of
Charlton Abbots Church, Gloucestershire.—The parish church
of Glossop, Worcestershire, has received a two-light stained-
glass window representing “The Good Samaritan," designed
and executed by Messrs. Mayer and Co.
An exhibition of works of art in black and white will be
held this Christmas at St. Jude's Schools, Whitechapel. An
exhibition on similar lines was held two years ago at the same
place, which, like this one. was in connection with the series
of exhibitions of oil-paintings which have taken place at
Easter for some years past. The exhibition will open on or
about Christmas Day, and will remain open about three
weeks.
The marriage of Mr. C. Orr-Ewing, son of Sir Archibald
Orr-Ewing, Bart., M.P.. with the Hon. Beatrix Ruthven, onlv
daughter of Lord and Lady Ruthven, was solemnised in
St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Hamilton, near Glasgow, on
Dec. 5. in the presence of numerous relatives and friends or
both families. Captain James Orr-Ewing, 16th Lancers, was
the best man ; and the four bridesmaids were Lady Esther
Gore. Miss May Hozier, the Hon. Adele Hamilton, and Miss
Violet Orr-Ewing. The youthful bride was given away by
Lord Ruthven, her father.
ESTABLISHED IN THE REIGN OF GEORGE III.
STREETER & compy.,
IMPORTERS OF PRECIOUS STONES, PEARLS, AND GEMS.
STREETER & CO.,
GOLDSMITHS,
THE ONLY JEWELLERS WHOSE STOCK CONSISTS OF ONE UNIFORM QUALITY OF GOLD, VIZ., 18-CARAT.
STREETERS’
DIAMOND ORNAMENTS,
From 5 Guineas to 10,000 Guineas,
Cannot be surpassed for elegance of design
and perfect setting. They are London
made, and the Brilliants are white and
properly cut
STREETERS’
RUBIES AND SAPPHIRES,
From 5 Guineas to 10,000 Guineas,
Direct from the Burmah and other Mines,
thus enabling the Public to buy these Stones
at First Hand after being London cut.
PEARLS from their own Pearling Fleet.
18, NEW BOND-STREET,
LONDON, W.
HAIR-COLOUR RENOVATOR.
({■Irk**.. Ha fast, nitapMf. Restore* colour to Urey
llnlr In a work, barer Bottle, 8*. (kl., post-free.
C. BOND & SON. 946.0<ford-.l., W.
RICHTER’S ANCHOR BOXES.
Educate your Children “ n R A r.chter-s’
while you “ANCHOR" BOXES
AT THE TOY SHOPS.
Building Stones in throe Natural Coir are.
Prices from 6d. to £5 5s. per Box.
Illustrated Catalogue, entitled "The Toy
the Child Likes Best" sent post-free on ap¬
plication to the Manufacturers.
Those Bnxe« are arranged on a progressive
system, beginning with simple and easy sut-j
jecu, and advancing by gradual stages, until
the more difficult structures an- reached. Kacb
box jh accompanied by a large number of
beautiful design*.
CAUTION. Beware of quicklime imitations,
Trade-Marks, the Anchor and the Squirrel.
F. AD. RICHTER &, CO.,
1 A 2. Railway-place. Kcnrliurch-Mt., K.C.,
London; and fO, Hrotdwnv. New Vor
/ A VJ» from V S. \
'Q* ^ ereryflower tha; * ** ^
breathe, a fra gr •
SWEET SCENTS
, LOXOTIS OPOPONAX /
\ FRANGIPANNI PSIDIUM ,
May be obtained
' As Of am/ Chemist or &
^ ^ Perfumer.
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
MAPPIN &, WEBB’S
18 to22,
^I58toI62
OXFOR
STREE
OWEST END
(OPPOSITE THE
^ MANSION ,
^HOUSEJ^
TABLE KNIVES,
Sffiam
Solid Silver Back Cloth or Vel
Chased, £1 is,
;rl1ng81li
richly
Mount sand T
Elect nlsHYi
Sterling Silv
»r.Mkfa.
KlCCt!
Class, £i
Manufactories and Sroiv-Hoouk •
34, KINO-STREET, CO VENT-GARDEN,
NORFOLK-STREET, SHEFFIELD.
720 THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS dec. is, isss
Till: LADIES’ COLUMN.
London flhops arc full of morn or less expensive trifles and
novelties elt\sigmxl for Christmas and Xe tv-Year a presents.
There is endless variety in style and in price. According to
your means and generosity you may select from 011c and the
same shop- window either a diamond tiara in shape and
brilliancy like to the rays of the half-set Southern sun—or a
little flat case of metal, looking like a sovereign purse, bnt
really being a pocket reccptablc for face-powder and puff.
The one will cost yon a thousand and fifty pounds, the other is
only a shilling ; but the same shopman will sell you either—or
both. In another place, the humble sixpence may be employed
to purchase a handkerchief of cambric shaped like a vine-
leaf and having the edges outlined with coloured thread in
machine button-hole stitch—or you may buy a flounce of
old point lace rarer than, and as costly as, a parure
of precious stones. Or for yet another illustration, see
in this fancy shop-window how the three - and -sixpenny
feather fan. made from short ostrich tips and goose-wing plumes,
modestly hides in a corner behind the same plate-glass where
the splendid 14 lyre ” fan of fine ostrich feathers at five guineas
occupies the post of honour. So there is no difficult}’ in
suiting the purse. (living presents has many other difficulties
about it. however, besides that of finding an article of the
price that one can afford. It is hard to choose what is wanted
and what is suitable ; it is hard to select from amidst the wide
possibilities open something that shall not hurt the recipient
as being either too cheap (“ What a mean gift!’’) or too
costly (*■ What a slur on my poverty ! What purse-pride ! ”) ;
and it is hard to know how a particular present will fit in with
the possessions that the recipient already enjoys. Never mind !
Gifts grease the wheels of life. It is so sweet to be thought of,
so pleasant to be valued, that for one churl who 60 receives a
gift that you would wish you had not offered it did you know
his reflections and words about it. there will surely be many
whose hearts will bo warmed and whose thoughts will be
made more genial by the receipt of a token of vour
friendly remembrance.
There are some things which it is scarcely possible to go
wron g in giving, and others, on the precise contrary, with
which it is ditfic* it to go right. In the last category come
bonnets—the Incoming ness and style of which are matters so
much of individual taste that, it is almost sure to be a blunder
for another person to buy otic without consulting the intended
wearer. Hooks, again, unless the tastes or wants arc
specifically known, are very likely to disappoint. In jewellery,
on the other hand, it is easy to please. A white or a black fan
can hardly fail to be acceptable. A novel nick-nack for the
drawing-room, or for table decoration, will give pleasure to
the mistress of a house ; while gloves or lace will always bo
welcome to a young woman, if given by anybody in a position
to justify such personal tributes.
It is a far harder task for a lady to find nice presents to
give a gentleman thgn vice-versu. Woolwork slippers and
embroidered smoking-caps arc rococo. In the shops there seems
to be hardly anything for masculine tastes bnt apparatus for
smoking : an odious and selfish practice to which, happily, not
quite all men arc given ! For those who are. there arc silver
match-boxes, silver cigarette-cases, canes which open at the
top to take in a cigar and a few matches, pipe-cases in wood
made like a five-barred gate with a rack for the pipes hang¬
ing from the top bar, billiard-balls fixed three on a stand
and pierced for cigarettes, matches, and ash respectively.
A letter-wallet, for carrying in the breast pocket, whether
made in plain morocco or in crocodile leather, with silver
corners, is not a bad present. Paper-knives and ink-bottles
are made in bewildering variety ; but one such object lasts a
lifetime, and others are superfluous. Photograph-cases and
even pincushions might sometimes not be despised, and. of
course, there are various articles of jewellery available. Bnt
when all is thought of, presents for gentlemen arc difficult to
find compared with the abundance of choice that there is in
gifts for us.
Well, after all, theirs is the present-making sex, and ours
the present-receiving one! We make a present of ourselves and
our domestic care and service, hut we receive material return,
as a rule ; and oh ! there arc heaps of pretty things that can
be given to women—quite an embarrassment of choice. New
fans arc prominent for prettiness and novelty. What are
described as Empire fans do not close. They arc stiff con¬
structions, either of gauze drawn over wire in an oval shape,
painted, or nearly covered with beautifully-made artificial
flowers; or they are of feathers. In feather fans there is
great variety, some closing in the ordinary manner, while
others in numerous shapes and sizes remain open. One variety
has three great ostrich feathers arranged like Prince of
Wales’s plumes, the centre one being eighteen inches long.
Another looks fuller with six ostrich feathers fronted by a
cluster of marabout and an aigrette of osprey. The narrower
“ lyre ” shape is now to be had in shaded feathers to match any
gown, as well as in the familiar black, white, and grej\
All these fans have their short, stiff handles tied with
long loops and ends of moiri* ribbon, or of tulle, in colour
to match the dress, and serving not only for smartness,
but also to hang the fan by upon the wrist. Then there are
novel gauze fans. One is cut into the shape of a butterfly, the thick
body affixed to the stick handle down the centre, the transparent
wings spread oat and coloured in delicate tints. Another
kind of gauze fan is shaped and painted to imitate a group of
three enlarged flowers, natural in colour and as far as may bo
in form — one in the centre, and one on either hand: pale
yellow sunflowers, mauve and purple pansies, delicate grey
and yellow irises, and pale pink and white chrysanthemums aro
the several flowers that I have seen thus imitated, with white,
grey, and gold sticks respectively, and long streamers of moir6
ribbon to match. Leaf-fans are made in strong crepe tie Chine,
the entire fan (somewhat more narrow than the usual size of a
closing fan) gives the shape of the leaf, and the several points
(a horse-chestnut or other serrated leaf being always chosen)
are represented at the tips of the successive sticks ; the colour
is either plain olive-green or the beautiful variety of tints of
fading foliage which combine with so many colours in gowns.
In jewellery, too, there is novelty. No doubt, as was said
at the recent Art Congress—“Fashion is change, but it is not
progress ”; the ideas involved in the two words are by no
means the same. But variety is the spice of existence, and
that which is new has a charm, irrespective of whether
it is more or less artistic than the old. A diamond
brooch made like a big hook and eye may not be as grace¬
ful as one resembling a swallow in full flight; a diamond
frog is decidedly less elegant than a star ; and a bird’s merry¬
thought has less poetic associations than a crescent—but
crescents, stars, and swallows are commonplace; the other
objects arc novelties in form for diamond ornaments. Other
new ideas for brooches are a parrot with coloured enamel body
and diamond head and claws ; a fly with chrysolite head, nacre
body, and diamond wings : a diamond chicken on a gold bar
contemplating a broken egg-shell in white enamel; a pretty
face carved in moonstone with poke bonnet in diamonds; a
golden spray of mistletoe, with pearl berries; and enamel
imitations of pansies, forget-me-nots, or violets, each flower
with a tiny* diamond dew-drop in its midst. The new short
chains for watches, which I have previously described, would
be acceptable to many women, as the longer watch-guards
which we all possess are quite unwearable at present. The
revival of Directoire and Moyen-Age fashions has brought in
again the use of chatelaines, which are now to be seen in
every large jeweller's shop. Pencils, scent-bottles, and even
tiny note-books are now placed, as watches have for some time
been, in the centre of bangles. In short, the variety of pretty
things at command, as I commenced by saying, is infinite.
The Lady's Pictorial for Dec. 8 is full of illustrations of such
things. It is a special Christmas-present number, and should
be consulted by anybody living too far away to see for them¬
selves the bright and interesting shop-windows which I have
been studying. Florence Fenwick-Miller.
GOLDSMITHS’ & SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY,
Show-Rooms : 112, REGENT-STREET, LONDON, W. (stereoscopic Coin pony)
Supply the Public direct at Manufacturers’ Cash Prices, saving Purchasers from 25 to 50 per Cent.
TTIGH - CLASS JEWEL-
LKUY. - The Stork of Bracelets,
Brooches. Knrring*. Necklet*. Ac.. U the
large-d mid choice^ In I.ondon, and con¬
tains designs of ran* l**nuty and excellence
not to In* obtained elsewhere, an im>i<cc-
lion of which Is roixrtfiill.v Invited.
ORIENTAL pearls.-
Choice Mnitig IVnrI Neck hires. In
r.insrle. tine*, or live rows, from £lo to
£$oo<>; ,-ilv* an Immense variety of Pearl
ninl Col I monntwl Ornaments, suitable for
Bridesmaid* and Bridal Presents.
PEARL and DIAMOND
x ORNAMENTS, A mmmlllcent and
varied collection to select from.
DRIDAL PRESENTS.
Special attention Ik devoted to tbe
production of elegant and hie\|H*nslVO
U<ivid(ir> suitable for Bridesmaids* Pre¬
sents. Original designs and estimates
prc|iarcd five of charge.
REDDING PRESENTS.
COMPLIMENTARY
PRESENTS.
CAUTION.—The Company
v/ regret to find that many of their
Ik--lun> are being copied in a very inferior
quality. chanted at higher prices, and In¬
serted’in a similar form of advertisement,
which is calculated to mislead the
public.
They beg to notify that their only
l/mdon retail address Is 112, KEGENT-
STllKKT. W.
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.
JJEW YEAR'S GIFTS.
** An immense variety of Inexivnslve
articles, socially suitable for presents.
Every intending purchaser should tmqieci
this st4K'k before deciding elsewhere, when
th“ .»H)>er)orJty in design, quality, and
price will lx* apparent.
TIT A T C H E S.—Ladies’ and
Gentlemen's Gobi and Silver, most
accurate timekeepers, at very niodernio
prices.
rjLOCKS.—A large assort-
v mem, suitable for travelling or for
th<* dining-room, drawing-room, Ac., from
*►*. to £1W.
CHRISTMAS
NEW-YEAR'S
PRESENTS GIFTS.
THE LARGEST AND CHOICEST STOCK IN LONDON.
Fine Diamond,
Sapphire, and Pearl
Fly Brooch,
£ 12 .
Fine Diamond
Hni'r-rin'. £10'i0». ~
DIAMOND ORNAMENTS.
A magnificent assortment of Rings,
Stars, Sprays, Flics, Necklaces, Ac„ com¬
posed of the finest White Diamonds,
mounted In special and original designs,
and sold direct to the public at merchants'
cash prices.
SAPPHIRES from Ceylon,
w but with London cutting, mounted
alone, or with Diamonds, in a great
variety of ornaments.
JTOVELTIES.—A succession
of Novelties by the Conijsiny's own
artists and designers is con Untlj Doing
produced to anticipate the requirements
of purchasers.
CASH PRICES.-The
v Company, conducting i’.ielr business
both in buying and selling for cash, are
enabled to offer purchasers great ad¬
vantages over the usual credit hjnscs.
All goods are marked in plain figures for
cash without discount.
A PPROBATION. — Selected
*■ parcels of goods forwarded to the
country on approval when desired. Cor¬
respondents, not being customer.', sli mid
send a London reference or dc|*>»ii.
COUNTRY CUSTOMERS
^ have through this nvrans, the nd\ .n-
tageof being supplied direct rom an
mense London stock, containing ail the
latest novelties, and which arc not obtain¬
able In provincial towns.
rjOLONIAL AND FOREIGN
Orders executed with the utmost are
and faithfulness under the immediate
supervision of a member of the Company.
Where the selection is left to the Arm,
customers may rely upon good taste and
discretion Mug used, and the prices being
exactly the same as if a personal selector
■TESTIMONIALS.—Til*.
* numerous recommendations wit
which the Goldsmiths' Company hnv*
been favoured by customers. Is a plcnsln
testimony to the excellence and durability
of their manufactures.
OLD JEWELLERY, Dia-
monds, and Plate taken in exchange
or bought for cash.
MEDALS—Awarded Sever
m Gold and Prize Medals and tin;
Legion of Honour, a special distinction
conferred on this Firm for the excellence
of their manufactures.
HATALOGUE, containing
w thousands of designs, beautifully
illustrated, sent post-free to all parts of
the world.
GOLDSMITHS' AND SILVERSMITHS’ COMPANY, 112, REGENT-STREET. CATALOGUE POST-FREE.
JfiaaC. AppolatmoL
SPEARMAN’S SERGES.
TH 5 BEST nr TBI WORLD.
pure INDIGO DYK. ltoYAL NAVY BUT.. WOADKD
MELLIN’S
T'T _ “ In as nearly tasteless asCod-
^ Liver Oil can lie."—Lancet.
^Wected r^mrnrn
WEAVING". l.ow quiii.ubuii*. No draper or tailor
cells <1*1-: A KM A N'S renowned Sergo : they can only In*
FOB INFANTS AND INVALIDS.
!■ A A rN
COP4IY£i Oil*
I'liYMi'l’Til. No material 1 manufactured Is mi useful
for Ladle*' Autumn and Winter Wear, or Gentlemen's
Suits. S-nd for pit torn* and reject at home for your-
selv<». Parcels carriage |mid In Great Britain nut
FOOD.
D VMIM LIQUID MALT, forms a TalnablP wllunrt <« OkI-I,Iv<t OH. brim: nol only n
d T ll 1 1 W . concentrated and nutrition* Fond, hut, a |*>werfn1 aid to the digestion of all starcny n •
7 farinaceous matter*, rendering them «u*v of assimilation l»y the most enfeebiou lnvaiw.
Ireland. G<»«d* pu ked f»r i tport at lowest freights.
SPEARMAN l SPEARMAN, PLYMOUTH.
Bysin, being liquid. Is entirely five from the inconvenient treacle-like consistence of ordinary Malt hxtrnu'. ««• ‘- 1
very (mlautble, and jiokmvm's the nutritive ami |**ptlc properties of limit in infection. It i& a valuable aliment u
Consumption and Wasting Disease*. In Bottles at la. 0d. each.
DEC. in, 1888
_ v. ■ _THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
•NEW MUSIC.
"YJETZLER nml CO.’S LIST.
FOR CHILDREN.
.fu«t Pttioi-liefi,
.... .... ,... rrowet, nml six
Hi'?'* * nimble for Children, with Pintm-
mrir .\ci i>:)'|i*iiiimcnt. Price Is. not.
\TUSIC FOR CHILDREN.
i»l TUB ID ITKRFI.Y AND THE HUMMaE-REE. A
Sow* f.»r <‘lnDlrcu. ll.v Henry Hose ami .1. >j.
(MWAIM). Smi'.’ nml played by Tho Childrens
Orel tonra. Price 2*. «ei.
■\TUSIC FOR CHILDREN.
ill l-LE ASH SISH Mli A SUM! ! At
NEW MUSIC.
CHRISTMAS NUMBER
wing Music l»y II. H. A EDISON. I'n
M L
URIC FOR CHILDREN.
G ATT VS
Hook 1.
GATT Y'S I.ITTL
LITTLE SONUS FOR LITTLE VOICES.
SONGS FOR LITTLE VOICES.
GATTY S LITTLE SONGS FOR LITTLE YOK ES.
Price 2*. 6d. each ncl.
Hook I!
SEE-SAW
FA HUE VOICES,
LITTLE SAILORS.
GYl'SIKS.
ENGLISH BEAUTIES.
THE HOSE gUEEN.
HOME. (Eight Pictures). .Tttat published.
..-. Vocal t
ic Sol-fa! 2d. each ne
l 1,01.1 ;
V FISHY CASE: or. TIi
written i-> F. K. Weatherly
A LHIC'lTT. Fuli direction
FOR CHILDREN.
. F ( HU.Him
IIIU LEM ANN • N' = ••
LITri.r. TKi:\si iu:s i
*D. By TIIKMPHIt.r.
U<»Y W. MODERN
M
rsiCAL IN
MTHHIL. H<‘.*k 1. Pri. <- .*••. ca- h.
MKItICAN ORGAN TUTOlt.
It. I-. »;i.
> T R UMENTS FOR
UGH-STREET. LONDON
J^LAINE.
XValtz. 2s. net.
rLAI.VE.
lj Tie' lalo ;t .
Waltz. C. LOXVTHIAN.
^EVV SONGS l>y HAMISH MACCUNN.
Tt.L ten d'Vm Y 1 U* WEi/.^ KcM H lint rind C •• in-t.
DANTE and ALLEGRO.
TWO SHORT l J|oY EMKN I S. for Cello
PF.RRGT .
for Two Violins
1J A T E It ft 0 X an<l
L i ^ 27, (;.torg,*-„ ncet. Ed in bur-
1 80X|
ROVE'S GOLDEN DREAM
XVALTZ.
J^OVF.’S GOLDEN DRE.X1
H. Bv THF.O
■-I. ^ Tins moM i*h:irm-
•ili r F.vh'i oit'ioix 1 -, 1'. It ■ Ii’i-If Ci.iux rt
Ac. n‘t. Hu ni
London Mi^u* I'r -m Uiiinii C<*xt
^vit.i'iii.ein.
■\JR. SIJIS REEVES will
Sin? LINDSAY
o.'-; .! I.-iv
IMS c.mpanv. .i.Gr.Mt M:iMt.or-.ir,.*h-t
mev M, •-wVn" mli.
727
('HAITELLS MUSICAL MAGAZINE,
... III.’
IXlHOTIIY WALTZ
i'i. r
SANTI V.u.
• NAVE (IF t l.l
^i:\V SONGS BY ANNIE E. ARMSTRONG.
DOWN TUB STREAM .- ’ r -
MORNING M \ Y DEW.»ii «-
riMlK OLD MAIDS. Polka. 2s. not.
I CINDEHF.I E V .W di/.. .. 2*.
( CHARLES GOUNOD** POPULAR SACRED
v SONGS.
JJARK, MY SOUL, IT IS THE LORD.
pEACE. PERFECT^ PEACE.
r |^HE YEOMEN OF THE GUARD.
W s GILBERT ami ARTHUR SULLIVAN.
Hf.»».i'w'
.^
.Ha. M l.r all tilt '
AIETZLER an.l CO.’S CATALOGUES OF
IvL M’l-i-.o ainl Mn-u-xl Instnttiu 1 lit■», sent grati. and
^jETZLER an
V HARDS’ PIANOS.—Mess,
mJ is.Gtvar .Marlliiinmeli-sfrcet. l.iHiiloii
Lean ni(
Marlbormiwli-'d., where new P
.!> to tintIiA-ni icily apply n
i obtained from 3n (-
NEW MUSIC.
A«k your .Mum esc Her for
MORLEY and CO.’S NEW SONGS
^Viirili
NOT. Maude Valerie Whited
La-d nml flne»t Song.
* A brilliant success."
RIPPLE OF THE RIVER. F. Moir’s
Last and prettiest Song
(Composer of “ Best of .All "j.
ARAB’S TROTH. T. Hutchinson’s
* iiforoHs New Ikiia or Baritone smiix
(Coin poser of' Fetters of OiiM")
RIBBON AND A FLOWER. Barnbv’s
Last and most Imaiitiful Amur.
Keys for all voices. 2 *. each. Lists free.
T3ELLE ETOILE VALSE."
“ The prettiest valse ever written,"
I3ELLE ETOIT”! VALSE. By Bonheur.
. Played Ly ill tie* finest Bands
with the greatest cnthusiasTn. 2 . 4 .
[A POMPADOUR. (A Court Dance.)
Hy BOGGETTI.
•Sitir-estive of jhe stately minuet.”
w.
A SK
r JpHE
fJ'HE
A
gLLIOT STOCK’S NEW LIST.
Second Edition (.in,Dc„ri]ilive Map.), in doll,. Sa. ■ in call
antiipie binding, extra thick paper. 12 s r„|
C*™*™ KfVir. By Rev. FRANCIS
7. k-Ji* ' 1 Hector of Easttngton. Gloucestershire.
froST,!'.’ t ‘“ ,e,anc '=
In crown nvo. h iiidsomely Ikwim! in cloth, pr ce 74 c<]
THE WIFE’S HELP TO INDIAN
keei*r,. 00 <Si|ca SdTidUedT'wl h'd^We'A.!!",' int
A^al'iaLail! Ind,® . U<CTnl ° f Re v **»>»** Kurth-Western Pn.vnice*,
;; Aii alloBeihri-mLniraldc work.'-Laiul and Water.
„ *• **H of practical information.”—Morning Pn*t.
10 comfort either at home or in India wo mav
safely recommend it." -Publishers' Circular. ' J
S£:«£l? AND REVISED EDITION WITH ILLUSTRA¬
TIONS, medium flvo, handsomely Imtinil ‘
(P-JCE TO TRINIDAD: An Illustrated
nesidcnt".' l, '™' k ' JJS _Tonri,ta. yi„„.,a, and
the Ed neat
In demy 8
r £HE
"The 1
TOST| x NEW •
ATORE AND MORE.
Wort|« by .»,d
Sting by Mr. Il .11 ri
gEAUTY^EYES. ^
^"^TnHfili i'j
MAUDE VALERIE WHur.s .-ir.a su.Mt.
$0 WE LL GO NO ^MORE A-ROVING.
IJECA
P A
p.CK
RUMMER NIGHT IN MUNICH. Waltz.
M VV nsTl.KUK.
J)REAM | (THE). ^Valtz.
(
l eliiriDiitg Son*;, Ly Mil- m>»>i p >pnlar Coinpotier
Elt VEST Full I).
EC A USE I LOVE THEE.
-. Snmr Kverj where.
tVUE All sir.
('ALOSsl.
JASTORELLA. Waltz.
rof" My V" f ‘(*n" Wait i.
:K-A-BACK. I’nlkn.
1 • roily I.
:;e.\r srhis. of o.nk shii.usi books.
OT. JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS.
* J Oonmin Ilia I.pat nnd preoioat ayings.
12 Itook^, now ready.
«T. JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS. la. each.
Kj Book I. contains new songs by Giro Pinsnti.
Full music sum, Post-free is stamps e ch.
I.tst of (.'on'ont<; free.
MORLEY aud CO., 127. Regent-st.. W.
M onte carlo.
The AdminiM ration «if theS»iciety of the
BATHS OF MONACO
have the honour to announce the following arrangements
THEATRICAL REPRESENTATIONS, 1SHS-9:
.1 AVI* ARY.
M
.. .,.J2tL.
It K I I. I. V.
D. impierrn re.S.. ilacr..ix.' Pcgraxe.
HIAPPELL and CO.’S PIANOFORTES.
■J II\KMMNIPMS. and AMEHIl’AN ORGANS. fo T line,
0
\^EW SONGS BY ALFRED STELLA.
WKliT^ TI1JM' jyj'o KMi.a'ld A .. K «l. JM.
/ O.OUGII and WARREN'S CELEBRATED I
V > \'IT1:II1N >\<. u e «•••». -
F..,It-....I.M-:. ' " ' “ ;
^JOORE and M<)(»ltE.—Pirinos from l«5 p^. :
J n. CRAMER and^ CO.. 2Ji7 and 2«M>. ^
I’i NV.I ••iViV-' I’i'v *» i.i n'c'io ' i ii-‘ ~ *»* * '■ ■* V,
ion...... at ,1'V I n g, F.f-. ihmcb.
. • .. .:i• 1 I. n.d I,.-r If. Il.lt 1. i.,v and ]
iii'I M r *'i
P LEY EL.
KVKUY DL
D ALMAINE and CO.’S PIANOS AND
om; \NS. -l;.* x.-n:..r P:utm rdcc. a-ed.-ALs,.!utc Sale
MLLIRS.
*. IL 11 land ;
ulacroi. 1 , IL-uland.
T
Mi sd llae ; Du
1 There will be
! TWENTY GR
Jl USD', *•
ORDINARY C
II O M A S 0 E T z M A N N and C O.
P: m.'fnilV M-.im.f ,!'t!, l vr.V.,d‘ ? '"ai,.i t'ini' t'hcVr". ■t«l> 'uMii’^'h
__ J’- H-k. r--.lt..:, P..r,ma,.f.,uare. Loud..,,. W.__ ■'
X*2<;. — B R O A D W O O D COTTAGE
X, p| \No - Fuiir-t .=f .eienocr : nes.tnexc, ll. ni
£ ;
17,M A V V and i o. UaW. r -t i.. t. L-nd-.n. W.
r..—COLLARI) ROSEWOOD PIANINO.
, Pi-
■'-! f'-
THoM IIKT/.MANN a
£40. — BRO A I) WOOD COTTA G E
boM’.hed. »i..-ral1:c plate, brass studs, seven octaves, nil I
tidi:
» OMTZMANN and eft. 27. Dakcr-* 1
t, London. \\
T°
ty HARDS’ PIANOS. — COTTAGES, from
,W guineas.
OBLIOTES, from *:> iruineas.
(illANllS, from V£> gmiioas.
LADIES.—SALE of NEW MUSIC, at
large rednetioii ami post-free. Al^Nevv Soiisrs. pieren,
niemy^L.Oil., M. fatal-ism- st-ni^jMisyff'c. --j. W. Mokkatt,
AfUSICAL BOXES—Messrs Nicole F re res
aII invii.- itispcctuin of the Perfect Interchangeable
Mii'tcal B"\ (ll- gi.t••red , I by which a variety of
produced.- 21. I.. ’ *.
i. E.f. Geneva, Kstab. li
JOHN
) MEDAL INVENTIONS EXHIBITION. Ihs.*..
PIANOFORTES for HIRE.
JOHN gRINSMEAD and j^ONS’
Vi * tl V,[ M ) KUIT JK/W <iUAXI> PIANOKOUTRS
\l iri/.(liua1 1 rIti-i' f Ton, * , !,M<1 •hiralulity 'V.f "iho
is, a>, ami J-j,'\\ bginorl-strect, Lund!'n,'W.
TAYLOR’S Cl MOL ITE is the only
1 thoroughly harmless SKIN POWDER. Prepared hy on
illy proscribed by tho moot
Send M or at penny stamps.
;er-stro©t, London, \Y.
oxporience.l f
— - — —- I^LORILINE. For the Teeth and Breath.
4 Is the l est Lwnid l»«*ntifr.ee itilh.-world. It thoroughly
It thoroughly
a delight-
t he Ed licit ion > S« Jet!"t y of London. 1 *
in rtoinj- «■„, in.tcfnlly lnhiloil nnd houml, cm., post-fre.'.
r "ME DRAMATIC WORKS of EDWIN
T Anctcor of “Tjc Fall of Ninevrl,"
„*7. rn ' 1 ni ^FJPt. A Midsummer Day's Dream." “The Ilivn-i-
K"l/MA%TTiSii«fei? ,l,a bi ‘ m " gbur ’ MAKY
MoK’KJ.' >«« - known Kodcrcioi,,.--
Second Edition, 28 .6d., post-free,
r PHE CATHARINES OF HISTORY. By
Rev. 1IENHY J. SWALLOW, Rector of Hawthorn
‘“Dainties are all Kates; said Klmkepenre. and this' is a
very dainty volume."—Literary World. "Charming and in-
1 ost ' ’" Really entertaining and very
“L!vely^and^deasant Scotsnian^ 6 fittwest'ni ^ I C l !’ i '
Press. “ Entertaining from’cover to cover."—Star?* "Very
daintily got up.”—St. Stephen's Review. J
In crown two. tastefully printeil and hound, 4s. 6vl., post-free.
A DREAM OF CHURCH WINDOWS, Ac.
_A Poem of House and Home. By JOHN JAMES
PI ATT, Author of “ Idylls and Lyrics of the Ohio Valley ” &e.
‘‘TliVgenifine a^wefl aBTheVlasj'/ U,rC V Be ^ s * f •
tion,’ t he'mnsteVhand of t he artVaVand'the master mindofTlie
scholar.'-Nation (Duhlin).
Now ready, CHEAPER EDITION, in crown Pvn, tastefully
printed and hound, 2s. ikL, post-free,
T H E ISLANDERS : A Poem in Seven
-f Cantos. Dy EDWARD KANE.
c^j-Mr. a RswojM^descriptive verse is always full of life ami
sih|e without retotmg the story . . . . to convoy
Elliot Stock, 62, Paternoster-row, K.;\
WORKS.
Illustrated.
Thursday. March 7. and Friday, ■*. Alt object’of art and KW
francs added to Km francs entrance.
TVINNEFORDS FLUID MAGNESIA.
The best remedy for Acidity of the Stomach. Heartburn.
D
R. S M I L E S ’ S
LIVES OF THE ENGINEERS.
» veils. 7s. fill. each.
" Wc cannot Imt refer to the eaptivating nnd instructive
volumes which Mr. Annies lias devoted to the ‘Lives of the
Engineers.' a record not before at tempted of the achievements
of a race of men who have conferred tho highest honour amt
the most extensive hcnciUs on their country.''—Edinburgh
Review.
LIFE OF GEORGE STEPHENSON. With
IBustratinn*. 21 s.; 7s. fid.; or 2 s. fid.
r of c
t ingenious, honest,
manly and good."—Saturday Review.
JAMES NASMYTH, ENGINEER ; An
vain^f ir'a 'mo'ie^ ’tercT^' n '* y 1,0 parchcrl^in
' A few epics of tit La* ge 'I’atHtV*kd i t’ion\**wV!*liV PoriraTt
etched by Rajon.svo, lGs.. may still lie obtained.
LIFE AND LABOUR ; Or, Characteristics of
Men of Industry, Talent, and Genius. 6s.
MEN OF INVENTION AND INDUSTRY, fis.
I' ’thrift.
I DUTY.
SELF-HELP IN FRENCH, ».
INDUSTRIAL BIOGRAPHY. Cs.
LIFE OF THOMAS EDWARD. Scotch
Naturalist. IlltiHtratod by Gorge Roiti, H.B.A. 6s.
LIFE OF ROBERT DICK, Geologist and
Botanist. Illustrated, 12s.
Jons Mur it ay, Albemarlc-st reel.
SELF-HELP.
CHARACTER.
i» cri i*-i , ii|t’in b> tl.n COHIS DK BALI.KT
li V-'i.Ni KUTsVtf' ANCIENT and MODERN
iT.HTs .in h**r tl-ii m-fmug ami ei ening,
ox tied ibc|,.-.tr:i ..f Xi\t> IVrformers.
‘Tin AFX PIGEONS”
l‘r: x -|C Roi.mno, An object of art. added
• frail.-.
I’m Blake. An object --f art, added to a
l*i:x de .M-mtais. An object of art, with
I'm Van Patroon. An object of art, with
>. I’m Halford. An object of art. with
Pnx Moncorer. An object of art. with
iPrix Gayoli. .ww franc.-* added to a
nx Uro-fleld. 5»*» francs added to a jiotile
Pnx Keaton. francs added to a poule of
. Prix Saint-Trixicr. 5m francs added to a
xVOURSE.
*1 francs added to a
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It* K«* fixuics enrranee.
An urdny. Jan. in.Grand Prix du Uasmn.
t and 2 ",-«»i franc- added to 2*R» francs
x de Monte far!-*. An object of art and
, Prix de U-»n*<d:«ion. An object of art
Jfi: nnd Monday. Jan. 2 s,
AL CHAMPIONSHIP.
■ added to ik»i francs entrance.
MEW AND POPULAR NOVELS
PUBLISHED BY HURST ANI) BLACKETT.
Now ready at nil the Lihrarie".
MISTRESS BEATRICE COPE; or. Passages In the
Life of a Jacobito'« Daughter. By M. E. LE ULERU. 2 vols.
DO RIND A. By the COUNTESS OF MUNSTER.
HUGH ERRINGTON. By GERTRUDE FORDE,
Author of “In the Old Palazzo,” “Driven Before the
Storm," *r. 3 x o|*.
THE DEATH SHIP: n Strange Story. ByW.CLARK
RUSSELL, Author of "The Wreck of the Grosvcnor," &c.
Ht.'itfiT and Blackett . Li mited . 13, Great Marlhorongh-st.
Ju«t puhlmhcd, price 2?. 6d.,
'T'HB ORIENT GUIDE. Chapters for
A Trax'ellcrs hy Sea and hy Land. Third Revised Edition
£< Ilhmtnuion*. Mat.*, &c. Edited by W. J. LOFTIK. B.\’
F>.A., Author of ” la tndsor," &c. Small 4to,cloth, red edge*.
" A work of univcrml intcreat."-Irish Times.
London: Samp>ox Lo w and Co.; n nd KinvAn p Staxf oud.
In 1 vol., medium 8 x 0 , price cloth j or in half-roxburgh.
A HISTORY OF THE FORESHORE, and
the Law relating thereto. With a hitherto unpublished
Treatise by Lord Hale, Lord Hale’s “ De Jure Maris " and
HALLS ESSAY on tlic RIGHTS of tho CROWN in "he
SEA-SHORE, Third Edition. With Notes and an Appendix
relating to Fisheries. Hy STUART A. MOORE, F.S.A., of
T U C E R N E.— Hotels Schweizerhof and
A-i Lneernerhof. An extra floor ami two new lifts added
to the Scliweizrrhuf. The eleeiric light is supplied in the 500
rooms ; no charge for lighting or service.
__lia rs kb F h er its. Proprietors.
s T. G 0 T H A R D RAILWAY,
SWITZERLAND.
The most direct, rapid, pictiires-itio.and delightful route to
Italy. Express from Lucerne to Milan in eight hour*.
Excursions to the Uigi by Mountain Railway, from Artli
Station, of the Got hard line. Through-going Rlceping-Tar*
from 0»tend to Mi 1 -" *--
Tickets at all com*
and Gate's Oltlces.
I children. Of all Uhemisl *.
Now ready, price 9d.; post-free Ifid.,
P ARIS ILLUSTRE.
Beautifully illustrated in colours. A New Edition of
this matchless Paper, with English text, now npitcar* exerv
week. It is published in England simultaneously with the
French Edition in Paris,
Sole Agents for the English Edition of “Paris Illustrc"
through the World, Tim INTKnsATinsAb Nkxvh Company
B rcam's-huildings, CUanrcry-lane, London, K.C. (and New
York).
SIMS REEVES : His Life. By HIMSELF.
KJ "The hook of the scason.’-Vienna News.
, „ 1 vol.. demy 8vo, iob. 6d.
London Mokiv Publishino Company (Limited),
... «,—. Marl borough-street, W.
ELEGANT AND PLEASING PRESENT FOR C HILDREN.
TYAINTY DITTIES ;
■1^ Or Old Nursery Rhymes with New Tunc*.
„ , , By FRANK J. ALLEN.
Engraved and printed in heat style, and elegantly bound in
crimson cloth Iniards, gilt, price2s. fid. net.
London aud New York: Novbm.o, Ewer, ami Co.
These tunes are eagerly learnt by children, and arc not less
attractive to their elders.
Tor Review, see “ Musical Times," January, iws,
IMPORTANT NOTICE.
. Income can still be Increased £2 to
£10 per week. See “Traile, Finenco. am) Hecreati.iii.''
Nt*w»ven.inr, or Railxvny Bookstalls ; e-
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yoiJB :
. .. ^ ,0 weeK. see - rraoe, Finance, and Recreation,
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_35. Mnrk-Iane, London.
WALKER’S CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES.
r JOHA’ n w A LKEI('.'';!oirnl!i'uVaml 'a>. Repent.,I reet.
Tomlinson
Kensington, who died on Nov. 12, was proved on Tomlinson ; *100 to Pereival Alleyn Nairne ■ £i(in ,
Mrs. Jane Rivington, the widow, the Rev. Thurston Walter John Frederick Tomlinson and hie brothm- r “ "
i, the son. and Charles Robert Rivington,the nephew, Baker ; £100 to the Middlesex Hospital; and numeral n?'
dors, the value of the personal estate exceeding legacies to his relatives. The ultimate residue he i„,„ f . , 01
The testator bequeaths £100 each to the Incor- nephew, Frederick Arnold Baker. avistohu
Christian ~KnowIedge,'”tfnd' 0 the t ^8ooiety 0 fo e r^th6 )r propagation thedt^f'chttor who 7*^ G ™ ton 'ol
of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; Wto the Societ/?or the It th? D?stoi“ Rejstry Ch«tor\7« °F ^T- 2 , 2
Employment of Additional Cnratos ; £500 and all his house- Gunton and the B?v. Charles ForetorGuntantW
raitnre, plate Ac., to his wife and legacies to his executors, the value of the personal estate CKcedinn-r.-,^,'
The residue of his property he leaves, upon trust, to The testator e-ives his eonsnrnshle i e<1mg £ - 7 ,W>0.
pay the annual sum of £1740 to his wife for life, and the U8e for life of his household furniture 'Yl nc "- a >“l the
remainder of the income to bis five children, William John, Gunton - and certain irifts of ? rs - ' Inlia
Thurston, Sophia, Mrs. Dorothy Leach, and Mrs. Alice with a wfohthat thev will k^n ’u] th .ree sons.
Brewster. On the decease of his wife, he gives £8000 each to residue of his real and personal citato he the family - The
- daughters, Sophia, Mrs. Dorothy Leaih, and Mrs. Alice bh wHe fo^ trust, for
Brewster ; £12,000 to his son Thurston, and devises his free- Frederick Charles Forster Thnm-io n n ^ ls children—viz.,
hold land and houses in St. John's-square. Clerkemvell, to his Elizabeth Julia and Fdith r,,,,,,., : Octavius, Lucy Amelia,
sons, Thurston and William John. The ultimate residue he The wifi v 8bare9 '
to his said three daughters, his son Thurston, and his . p ; n eb '7'J, 88 I ’ of donnas Mashiter. late
daughter Mrs. Susan Jane Chappell, in equal shares. l v Z ; ?. sse , x ,’ 'T ho died on Ang. 70, was
proved on Nov. 20. by Miss Julia Mashiter tk»
* 17 ' ' ( S ? 8 ) Jo,n> Ashworth, late Robert Helroe, and John Nesbitt Malleson, the executes 7ho
Lancashire, cotton spinner, who died value of the personal estate exceeding £28 000 Ti! , ,
roved on Nov. 14 by Mrs. Mary Jane bequeaths £500 to John Nesbitt Malleson ’ inon t„ a
alter Ashworth, the son, and William Robert Helme, £250 to Peter Reynolds, and iegfdee to ^-vanto
e gross value of the personal estate and others. He devises his real estate, nnon trust forioL .- ?'
[testator, after stating that his wife is Julia Mashiter, for life, with remmndiTto Robert Helme "
v.ng her the use of hm furniture, for life, with remainder to his first and other sons according to
ly between bis children, h.s executors seniority in tail. The residue of bis property he leaves
rrymg on his nulls or selling them trust, for his sister, for life, and at her death it ietobcm
vested in freehold property, and then to follow the. trusts of
I The Will (dated April 10, 1883) of Mr. William Baker, late hl8 reaI e8tate -
I No. 43, Warrior-square, St. Leonards-on-Sea. who died on =====
;t. 14. was proved on Dec. 1 by Mrs. Catherine Baker, the The Lord Lientenant of Ireland has appointed Mr Willi,
dow, Frederick Arnold Baker, Pereival Alleyn Nairne, and J- O'Donnell to be High Sheriff of Limerick for the ensuing
alter .John Frederick Tomlinson, the executors, the value T®ar. The Corporation had selected three names—that of u?
the personal estate being sworn to exceed £35,000. The William O’Brien being placed first, Mr. Dillon next nnd M,.
*tator bequeaths £200 and all his furniture, plate, carriages. O’Donnell third on the list.
w W r n S’ * n , d c x on8u "™ blc BU >rcs to his wife ; and £200 At a general meeting of the Anglo- Australian WV.
b :V' n °T r kei '' hiB l ! l0 l hcl ' ( ' c0l T r ° Bakcr - Artists ‘he following artists were 8 elected memllre‘ -kto
r ’ Cecilia romlinson, and Lieutenant-Colonel J. E. Millais, Hon. R. IV. Allan R tv 8 w J'Y,11„„ h- 1' :r
[rne. The residue of his real and personal estate he leaves, F. Bourdillon, F. Braraley. E. F. BrewtaaH P MBmmi CP ’
on trust, for his wife, for life, and on her decease he gives Percy Craft, Ed Harris A Hrt ev R Rkl/f -
looo to I- redenck .Arnold Baker ; £llH)n each to his nieces, Llewellyn, J. M. MTntosh,' Frank Short W Chritri^°ql m ' S '
iria Lance. Ida Tomlinson, Edith Tomlinson, and Elizabeth Percy Thomas, Frank Walton, R.I. andHmrh VVilVto-J.™ 0 " 8 ’
The will (dated March 13, 1888) of Mr. Robert Hnmpson, late De0 - '■ 1
of Enville House, Bowden, Cheshire, who died on Aug. in, was B ' 7in gt(
proved on Oct. 1, at the Chester District Registry, by Richard the exel
Hampson Joynson, Edward Walter Joynson, and Richard £79,000. __ _
Clifford Smith, the nephews and exeentors, the value of the P ora ted Chnroh Bnildi
pei-sonal estate amounting to upwards of £146,000. The ™
testator gives £7*000 to Miss Augusta Van Voigt; £1000 each
to the children of Mrs. Emily Gaddum, Richard Hampson , .
Joynson, and Edward \\ alter Joynson ; £7000 to Miss Edith ho,d 1
Mary Barratt; £2000 each to Richard Clifford Smith and nieoes -
Edward Walter Joynson ; £500 to the Manchester City Mission ■
£20) to the ohnrch at Aberfoyle, Perthshire ; £2000. noon'
triiHc, in aid of the stipend of tbo minister there • all his
interest in the house lands, farms, and shooting at Aberfoyle ,
to his sister. Mrs. Mary Jane Smith ; and other legacies to hi
relatives and servants. He gives and devises Enville House
W « * a. 0 lri " ds a ? d , P r ? mirte8 adjoining, the furniture and
effects therein, and his land in Canada, to Richard Hampson
Joynson. I he residue of his real and personal estate he leaves lt
Ween John Hampson Jones. Emily Mary Smith. Marion
Beatrice Smith, Henry Theodore Gaddum, the Rev. Robert The
Trousdale, Richard riampson Joynson. Edward Walter Joynson, of Olle
and Richard Clifford Smith, in equal shares. on g e pj
i *. (dated March 7, 1883) of Mr. Emanuel Boutcher Ashwor
Jato of Ao. 30, Hyde Park-gardens, and Gratelcy House! Kevan.
GrateJey, Southampton, a member of the firm of Boutcher. exceedii
Mortimore and Co., of Bermondsey and Liverpool, who died well prj
oahopt. 14 on board his steam-yacht Fiona, was proved on life, lea
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TH E ILL USTRATED LONDON NEWS
720
Good Complexion!
and JSTice Hands!
N°s? f ™?», a »d7 sr sk “
plainest becom^a tracth'r 65 "h bUt u° ld ^ im P ressive - whilst with them the
The reeularTe . and yet 15 no ^vantage so easily secured,
the Public hnve nnf 7 - P - ei T d ^ 15 one of the ch '* { means; bm
««1de them m , 1 h re , quisIte knowledge of the manufacture of Soap to
guide them to a proper selection, so a pretty box, a pretty colour? or an
P5 rfume t0 ° frequently outweighs the more important consideration, |
viz.; the Composition of the Soap itself and thus many a stood complexion!
is spoiled which would be enhanced by proper care. P
For preserving the Complexion , keeping the skin soft free from
redness and roughness, and the hands in nice condition, it is the
finest Soap in the world.
A most Eminent Authority on the Skin,
Professor Sir Erasmus UJilson, RR.$.,
Writes in the Journal of Cutaneous Medicine
HIHE use of a good Soap la certainly calculated to preserve the Skin In
„ health, to maintain it3 complexion and tone, and prevent its falling
u lnto wrinkles. PEARS is a name engraven on the memory of the
„ oldest Inhabitant; and PEARS' Transparent SOAP is an article of the
nicest and most careful manufacture, and one of the most refreshing
and agreeable of halms for the Skin.”
rpO persons whose skm is delicate or sensitive to changes in the weather.
I Winter or summer, Pears’ Transparent Soap is invaluable;
as, on account of its emollient, non-irritant character, Redness, Roughness
and Chapping are prevented, and a clear appearance and soft velvety condition
maintained, and a good, healthful and attractive complexion ensured. Its agree¬
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commend it as the greatest luxury and most elegant adjunct to the toilet.
Testimonial from
lUadame Adelina Patti.
“J HAVE found PEARS’ SOAP matchless for the Hands and Complexion."
PEARS’ ( tablets & BALLS:
Transparent { ls - each - Lar s er Sizes > is. 6d. and 2s. 6d. Transparent
SOAP.
(The 2s. 6d. Tablet is perfumed with Otto of Roses.)
A smaller Tablet (unscented) is sold at 6d.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st. NOVELTIES
J^EW WINTER GOODS.
JEWELLERY.
$3
DRESSES, MANTLES,
)STL*MES, MILLINERY.
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1000 Pieces CHINA SILKS, for
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fcrent Shades. |*r yard. 3«. 11*1., 4s. ILL. f><-. lid.
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2 to 5 guinea*. _
950 OPERA MANTLES in”Plain
^ and Embroidered C.ishmoro, Silk Plush, &c., 1 to lo
guineas,
750 Black and Polonreil Tailor-Made CLOTH JACKETS,
Plain and Trimmed Fur. 3*. 0*1. t-> 5 guinea!*.
250 TEA nnJ TOILET GOWNS, Empire nrul Dlrectolre
, Latest French Fashions,
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jOTH, 25
fid. to f.
. Oct.
lo l. Embroidered,
ROBES. :oj>. fid. u< li guinea*.
3)0 PIECES N IN S’ VEILING. A<\.
5o new colourings. per vanl Jo$d.
250 HoMESPCN im.Uh;.I) toSTF.MKS, vari<
DRESS
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d Applique-worked
Evening Wear,
roloii
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123 Sll.K DINNEK IlllESSES, rlell sha.lcs, various
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’ pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.'
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Silver from li 2*; Gold froiu £5 bu
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LEANNESS or
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V o Investigations of a German Physician of drop
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730
TILE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEQ. 15, 1883
MUSIC.
No7ollo'» Oratorio Concerts entered on n now season—again
at St. James's Hall, and condncted by Dr. Mackenzie—on
Thursday evening, Dec. <>, Dr. C. Hubert Parry's “Judith”
having - been the work performed. It was originally produced,
with much success, at the Birmingham Festival in August last,
on which occasion we spoke in detail of its merits and charac¬
teristics. There is no need now to repeat opinions that were
given so recently. At the London performance referred to
(which took place too late for comment until now) the solo
vocalists were :—Miss Anna Williams. Madame Patey, Mr. Lloyd,
and Mr. Plunket Greene; the first three of whom were associated
with the original Birmingham performance. That at St. James's
Hall was a very effective one, especially in the choral details ;
the several chornses of priests, people, Assyrians, and others
having well realised the dramatic intention of the composer.
The three principal soloists again gave the declamatory nrnsic
assigned to the respective characters with appreciative feeling ;
Mr. Lloyd's solos having been especially successful—parti¬
cularly that beginning “God breaketh the battle.” Mr.
Greene possesses a good baritone voice, which he occasionally
used somewhat too strenuously. The performance was ably
conducted by Dr. Mackenzie, and the composer was called
forward by an enthusiastic audience.
Madame Patti’s concert at the Albert Hall on Dec. 11
calls for no detailed notice, tho performance not differing in
any material sense from its numerous predecessors.
The first of three vocal and pianoforte recitals by Herr
Max Heinrich and Mr. E. Moor was given at Steinway Hall
on Dec. 7, when the artistic singing of the first-named gentle¬
man was agreeably varied by the Bkilfnl playing of the other.
Mr. J. A. St. 0. Dykes's pianoforte recital at Princes’ Hall
on Dec. 7 displayed good taste in a varied and well-selected
programme,and high executive ability in the rendering thereof.
The Saturday afternoon concerts at the Crystal Palace will
be suspended after Dec. 15 for the usual Christmas and New-
Year’s recess. The concert of Dec. 8 included skilful violin
performances by M. Marsick, who was heard in Wicniawski's
second concerto, and shorter solo pieces. A quasi-novelty at tho
concert was Sir A. Sullivan’s pleasing overture to “The
Yeomen of the Guard.” Mdlle. Trebelli was the vocalist of
the day, other features calling for no specific comment.
At the Monday evening Popular Concert at St. James’s
Hall, on Dec. 10, Herr Straus—as on other recent occasions—
replaced, with his well-known ready skill. Madame Neruda as
leading violinist. A pleasing “ Spanish Lullaby,” by Mr. G. F.
Cobb, was brought forward, the singer having been Mr. Thorn¬
dike. The piece was enhanced by the violoncello obbligato
assigned to Signor Piatt). Madame Essipoff was the solo
pianist of the evening.
The fourth evening performance of the present series of
Mr. Henschel's London Symphony Concerts, at St. James's
Hall, took place on Dec. 11, when the programme contained no
novelty calling for special comment. A feature of the con¬
cert was the brilliant performance, by Madame Essipoff, of
M. Saint-Saens’s pianoforte concerto in G minor.
Mr. John Booseys London Ballad Concerts at St. James’s
Hall—now in their twenty-third season—are continuing their
successful career. The most recent concert was a morning
performance, the programme of which was of an attractive
popular nature, and included the co-operation of some dis¬
tinguished artists, vocal and instrumental.
At the Royal Victoria Hall and Coffee Tavern, selections
from Gounod’s “Faust” were given recently, with capable
artists as principals, and illustrated by a series of tableaux.
The “ Lily of Killarney,” presented in the same way, was
promised for Dec. 20.
The second of Herr Waldemar Meyer’s grand orchestral
concerts ; the second Heckmann quartet concert; and the last
of Madame Essipoff’s pianoforte recitals must be spoken of
hereafter.
A concert was given at the Eyre Arms Assembly-rooms on
Dec. 13 the programme containing some good names : and the
forty-ninth performanceof the Musical Artists’ Society (of which
the Duke of Beaufort is the president) lias been announced to
bo given, at Willis’s Rooms, on Saturday evening, Dec. 15.
At a meeting of the guarantors of the Leeds Festival for
1889, held recently, the bon. secretary, Mr. Alderman Spark,
stated that Brahms had regretfully declined to compose a new
work on account of his nervous condition ; that Dr. Parry had
promised to set music to Pope’s Ode to St. Cecilia’s Day ” ;
that Mr. F. Corder would produce a dramatic cantata, “ The
Sword of Argantyrfounded on a Scandinavian legend ; that
Dr. Creser would furnish a short cantata, “Freia, Goddess of
Spring”; and that Sir Arthur Sullivan would compose a piece
the nature of which iB not yet specified.
The Royal Choral Society announces that Sullivan’s “Golden
Legend” will be given at the Royal Albert Hall on Saturday
afternoon, Dec. 15; the artiste being Madame Nordicn,
Madame Belle Cole, Mr. Edward Lloyd, Mr. Henry Pope, and
Mr. Henschel; Mr. Barnby will conduct. There will be a
band and chorus of one thousand.
On the evening of Dec. 12 the Bishop of London preached
the annual sermon to young men of the diocese, at a special
service in St. Paul’s Cathedral.
The honorary freedom and livery of the Comvany of
Turners of London has been conferred upon David Kirkaldy,
M. Inst. C.E., and member of the Institute of Engineers nnd
Shipbuilders in Scctland, in recognition of his valuable services
to metal 1 "rgists, turners, and all branches of engineering by
his system, machinery, and inventions fortesting tho strength
and other properties of every variety of material used in the
constructive arts.
DEATH.
On Nov. 16, at her residence, Rose Hill, Bowden. Cheshire, Marpiret
Bower, eldest daughter of the lato Major Bower, of High Grove, Cheshire,
formerly of “ The Buck,” near Liverpool.
The charge for the Insertion of THrths, Marriages, and Deaths,
is Five Shillings.
TRELOAR’S
KURD RUGS, 5s. 9d. each,
Or Carriage Paid anywhere in the United. Kingdom. 6s. 9d. each.
ANATOLIAN RUGS,
In all Sizes.
DECCAN RUGS,
12s. 6d. each. Size about 7 ft. by 4 ft.
KURDESTAN CARPETS,
21s. each. Size about 9 ft. by 5 ft.
DAGHESTAN RUGS,
In all Sizes.
TURKEY, PERSIAN, and INDIAN
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KELIM CARPETS,
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to THOS. WALLIS and CO., Holborn-oireus,
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CORPULENCY.
pclpo and not os how to harmlessly, effectually, and
ipi/llv cure Obesity without semi-starvation dietary,
e. “Sunday Times" says:—"Mr. Russell’s aun « to
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ic true one seems bovond all doubt. The medicine he
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stem" Book. 116 pases (8 stamps).
F. C. RUSSELL, Woburn House, ^ p
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HIHSTDIE’S SAMPLE ROOM, la, CITY-iR-OAk-ID, E C
JTHE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
N ‘ i SPINK & SON'S CHOICE OLD SILVER AND FINE JEWELS
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Ui TIGHTON EVERY WEEK - DAY.—A | Established 1772 I ^ Cl> * •
' First Clan, Cllmp Triin fmm Viclnrl* 10 ».m. Dny I “ alaoll8| iea 1772. I
jFMw-orick«« I5JL n,t. 11 “; 1^ f > ( 1 .^1 J-> Uj < •»r^ u >»' !n l.! ii f. I—— ' J O'’" 1 * Hro,«:li, Pearl Centro. £1 2!. 6d.
(JHRISTMAS presents
pODRIGUES’, 42, PICCADILLY.
“kwix^skS™- < “ , "‘‘ 1 ’ cl* p-
«f i }fj; ! N f i ! V^niN K T 8 .
1rEAitu iSi!i.nk,rs.
BOXES OK GAMES. I’lGA UKTTR 1tiivi.e
liucevh ensus. p"u>JL« • ni-A ffisvs
XsKKl-I, AM, El. TO A N’T I'llliSKSTS l\til A FH
1 ■-•»*-•«- .. .... ,,, . i i \,. i |4|| '
RIGHTOX—THE GRAND AQUARIUM,
JARIS.—SHORTEST. CHEAPEST ROUTE.
* Brilliant H&lf-itoop Rings,
u.j "'ll Premnt., from £2. £12, £15,£22, £38, to £8S.
SPINK and SON, Goldsmiths and Silversmiths,
2 , Gracechurch-street, t’ornhill, London, E.C, [Ertd. 1772.1
Under tho patronage of H.M. THE QUEEN, II.&II. PRINCE LOUIS
OF BATTENBElW'r, K.C.B.
■A- Morocco, Willi Hall-marked Sterling Silver Fittings,
£5 5a., £10 1 Os., £15, £20, £30, to £D(
, PORTRAIT ALBUMS ~at" RODRIGUES
A for Cart eiMle-Viaitc Mid Cabinet■ Pori rail- in* «>.i t., ±‘
REGIMENTAL ANI) PRESENTATION ALBUMS.
PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES noil SCREENS. Uiismii him Mi.d cc-
with reversible binges, to bold 2 to *4 Portraits.
PODRIOUES' MONOGRAMS
* v ARMS, CORONET, CREST, and A DDE ESS DIES,
POR FULL PARTICULARS see Time Book
1 and Handbill* tn tie obtained at Victoria, London
A R D, LOCK. and C O.'S
REDFERN.
SADIES* TAILOR
To H.R.H. The Princess of Wales.
WINTER SEASON.
JJEETON'S
S CHRISTMAS ANNUAL.
COWHS, MANTLES
’ulsters, ’hats.
Messrs. TIKDFERN are now exhibiting in their largo New Show-Rooms in Conduit-street and Bond-street, ai
*n.v of Winter Nowlth s In fiowns. Coals, and Wraps, handsomely Braided and Fur-Trimmed ; together with a;
»n»lve range of Tweeds, original In design and texture, especially prepared for useful and inexpensive gowns.
26 and 27 , CONDUIT-STREET, 1
Communicating trith I O IM H D N \A/
' IMPORTANT TO UllimiVKIts, AMATKCK AND C„mm m i«,t, u g ,rW, . LONDON. W.
x^r^.K« A 4.^c..A, 27, NEW BOND-STREET, j w f
/ILENNY’S ILLUSTRATED GARDEN COWES, PARIS, NEW YORK, and S7, CROSS-STREET, MANCHESTER.
\1 ALMANAC AND FLORISTS’ DIRECTORY FOR r ,
containing Tiie calendar for the Year — Directions for Patterns of „>nerst Material* and Latest Sketches post-free.
G inli-n - Work from Month to Month —Good thing* for | ' 1
G inleners—Revised List to Date of all Nnrserj tnen, Seeds- —------—
Pl ‘" t <;i '“' tcr ‘' a "' 1 ri " nM ’ lllc ' l ' ollL '' 1 T> A N K OF NEW ZEALAND]/' II OCOLAT MENIER.
Jiixt reartv.mrtimrlv hound. 7*. fid.: or. half ntlf, pw. 6*1., H I ncorporated hv Act of General AwM-mldy. July ju IMP) Awarded
RODRIGUES’, 42, PICCADILLY, LONDON.
m hy Policy of I he RAJ LW
COMPANY, lion. Evelyn
£248,om. 1 n vested t'atotal
innvtion i«nnl for 12 a,u» A
N OTICE.— When furnishing Feud for
ALFRED B, PEARC'E'R CHINA and CLASS CATA¬
LOGUE. It is full of useful inforn ation— cIcm .concifc, and
practical—anil includes nine estimates. Post-fit o.
_ 39, Lililg ate-bill. (Established 17©'.)
]VrOTICEof REMOVAL to 136, Regent-street,
-LI W.-POPK and PLANTE, Hosier-. shin din k.-r-, :.i d
Manufacturera of Elnstic Stockings, have REMOVED f i out
AN aUTb-u-piaro to t lie :i I ‘-N c reidn-.-s.
WIIAT IS YOUR CREST and WHAT
"▼ IS TOUR BIOTTOT — 8ond name and county to
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
■DERRY HILL HALL, near Mansfield,
H Superior Family Mansion TO BE LET fnnii Lady Day
next, or TO BE SOLD by Private Coni met.
The park-like grusB-land fronting the Mansion comprises
about M acres, surrounded by a farm of nbrnit <«o acre* in
a ring fence. The Mnnsion is elevated, with south n.-pcci,
sunoiindcd hy well-timbered plantations and ground', on ilio
MAN Vi; K M
THE -WORLD'S INHABITANTS:
1
Th
J H E
A Story by
a NE
T II v
Rjciiaud Besti
toady «>n Tlinrs
0 JANUARY
A
•ontnining the
Die Opening t
lUu st rut i'mrt h
"sfk"li">u’' u (
R G 0 S Y,
first ]>arf of |
vv (Mrs. Henry Wood).
'hapters of
jToUY. cnlithHl
It L A C K s M 1 T H.
v William Smull.
Monthly.
1, Now llurlington-.stroet. W.
APPROVED BY
Just pubhshci
TDK St’IRNC!
J, in Four Bool
AND ART DEPARTMENT,
is. 4d. each, or complete in
T^REEHAND DRAWING FOR CHILDREN.
I (’, iiiUumii:.’ -iu ; -■•>-'! It ex.m.ples M-b-et.-l from 111. UI.-lie
ei cry child, with full liisirtictiona and paper for copying.
Pro-hired under the act no gupcnntcudcnco of E. J.
P'lYNTEH. It.A.
^ A J) KIEL*?
5 ALMAN
AC, issy.—Enormous
. stars—Weal her Forecast. -
Lond-.nl'i'-oUMs
> uik/C o.. G.Ht
my. ,v>'. Za.lkici foretold the
ilmet , -c*.uVl. Strand, rnec 6d,
RUMOURS OF THE I
•1 TREATMENT AND <’I
Uy J. COMPTON
J. Errs and Co., 1T*>, Par cad til]
iREAST. AND THEIR
‘UK HY MEDICINES.
BURNETT, M.I).
; ; and 4», Thraadncedlc-strcct.
/^OLD-CATCHING,'"'
COLD-PREYENTING,
l
James Epps ami
3y JOllNML (
r RING.
‘LAUKE. M.D.
dilly ; and 48, Throndnecdle-st.
QOCKLE'S
^NTI BILIOUS
piLLS,
^JOCKLE'S
ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR LIVER.
QOCKLE'S
ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR BILE.
QOCKLE'S
ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR INDIGESTION.
(QOCKLES
ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOR HEARTBURN.
i, '.: /i IIOCOLAT MENIER—Awarded Twenty-
•tod V-> Eight
Ude PRIZE MEDALS.
and exceeds 26,<no,onoib. ^
r '" Q IIOCOLAT MENIErT ^Paris,
New"'York.
Sold Everyw here._|
r rOUR IN THE MEDITERRANEAN.
A The Orient Company will disjatrli their large full- ,
The GREAT REMEDY
BLAIR/S for 60UT - BHEDM -
GOUT
AND
RHEUMATIC
PILLS.
ATISM, SCIATICA,
LUMBAGO,
and NEURALGIA.
» I»ln is ti'iirkly Tlic - UI.IITT ’ b i
The L1LIPUT”
fev rk»,
.rlnl.a . C.—*i —I
IgHIRTS.—FORD'S EUREKA SHIRTS.
“ The most perfect fitting nmde."— Obsrrt cr.
Gentlemendc«irotis of pureliasing Sliirls of the I e.-i inmhly
pli.ml.lti> FOUR'S F.VUKK A ■■»>' .. 40s.. 45s. linlf-do/.cn.
i C HI RTS—FORD'S EUREKA SHIRTS.
^ Special to Measure.
Illustrated Sclf-meaanrc post-free.
IT. FORI) mid CO., 41. Poultry, London.
UHIRT S.—FORDS EUREKA DRESS
k? SHI RTS.
Sixteen different size*. In the Finest Linen.
_ fid., 7a. 6d„ 0s. Qd, _
/ 4LD SHIRTS Refronted, Wrist and Collar
V./ Banded, line I men, three for fis.; Superior. Ts. fid.; Extra
Fine,9s. Send three (not less) with cash. Returned irmly fur
use, carnng o paul.-It. FORD^nnd CO., 41. Poultry, London.
ZIT'GIDIUS.—The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
1U that never shrink in waalung, not if wn-bod uai tin ro,
Elastic, soft a? silk. 8“. (Hi.. Ids. fid., 13s. (Jd. Carriage ficc.
Write for Patterns ami ScIf-uieasul'O In
l(. FORD and CO., 41, Poultry. London.
ZL 1 GIDI US. — GENTLEMEN'S UNDER-
VESTS. 32 tn48 inches chest ; Pams to match. 32 to
ncket Field and Ojicra Glass. Its pi
prevent Llie disease attac k- over Europe. Thousamis ol best testimonials.
ISfSlS'fftiiM E - KRAUSS co -
as. Bd. per Box. 00, HAYMARKET, S.W.
- Rints-x. A VTWR DP, I, A RVprnLIQUE.
HAN’S I AHSE/HCACwa TER of gnat RCSTOHA TIVE PROPER TYl
I H forweakCblldrea and Dlioasas olSklo aad Banas ■ I
piIE HUMAN HAIR : Why it Falls Off i
/ VLYMPIA. — WINTER EXHIBITION,
V AND FAIR OF ALL NATIONS.
Open Daily, n a.m. to tn.»> r.m. ADMISSION ONE SHILL-
IN(i. Children fil. dented and ventilated throughout.
Lighted by Klectricity.
GRAND CHRISTMAS FAIR. Toys of all Nations. The
Turkish Bazaar. The Divan and Opium Den. MARION.
KITES. MINSTKKLS. PAUL MARTINBTTI and Panto-
11111110 Company.
„ . A GIGANTIC CHRISTMA8 TREK.
Trofcssor Ward's Aijuatic Eniertuinment. Dr. Holden, &c.
PROMENADE CONCERTS. Vocal and Instrument* J **
Eight. EVERY EVENING. Conductor, Mr. Hadyn Millars.
Omniluisofi and Train services from all nartaof London to i
Addisnti-ruad. Ask for cheap Railway Admission Tickets.
“A SIMPLE PACT ABOUT”
^ KEATING’S COUGH LOZENGES. Ask throughout
the world, in any country that can he named, you will find them
largely sold. There is absolutely no remedy that is so speedy
tn giving relief, so certain to cuTe and yet the most delicate
caa take them. One Lozenge gives ease. Sold in is|d. Tins.
KINAHAN’S iAASEAlCA LWA TER orenat HCStOHATIVE PROPERTYl
m (or weakCbildren and Dtiaasas olSklo and Sanaa n
LL Ala bourboule.A
QDI Rheumatisms —Raspiratory Organs -
« n a s | a 1 / \/7 ^HAnemia - Diabetes — IntennlttYQt FeversHB
W rl I O I\ Y c Tkeratl Setm fwn *5* mail to HO" net)timber.
T IQUEUR of the GRANDE CHARTREUSE.
-■-i Tins dclicii lift Lbineur. which linn lately conic so inmh
into public favour on account <>f its wonderful properties of
Hiding Digestion and preventing Dy»|iepsia, can now bo Lad of
nil 1 lie 1 rmcipul Wine 11 ml Spirit Merchants.
Sole C onsignee W. DOY LE, X) . Ci lilch. d-fr»ars, London,E C.
UOT MINERAL SPRINGS OF BATH.
11 Daily yield. ror.tt«> galla. Natural temp. 1)7 to ijo p«| K .
cx|*»m*o. One of the greatest hygiduc ji!n»ician« : •
nre lbe most complete in Kiiropc.’’ Tliev ine.mle tli
I Vapour. Douche wit b MasMigetl.y Donelieurs and Diucl
. from Continental Sims), Needle Bath*'. Pulverisation.:
1 Dry and Moist Heat. Ilnur.*gc and Inhalation Roouu
I forms of Shower and Medicated Baths. Hand Daily 1
' Pump-room. Address Manager for every Information.
PASTILLES.
*o«
THROAT
IRRITATION
COUCHS
8i COLDS.
FQ«
BRONCHITIS
ASTHMA.
&CATARRHAL
AF FECTION S
WHOSE
T&&TIMONO
It VftTM t»CF B0>
^LKARAM. ^JOLDS.
| ^LKABAM. ^JOLDS.
i ^LKARAM. QOLDS.
TF inhaled on the nrst symptoms, ALKARAM
1 wjll nt once arrest them, and cure revere cases in half nit
hour. Sold by nil Chemists.2s. iMl.n Bottle. Addres*, Dr. Dunbnr,
care of Mea-rs. F. Newbcry and Sons, 1, King Edward-ar.. K.C.
^THROAT AND COUGH.-Soreneps and
1 dryno'R. tickling and irritation, inducing cough and
affect mg’ 1 lie voice. For tliOFC symptom* nfe EPPS’S
glycerine JUJUBES. In contact with I be glands at the
moment they arc excited by the net of sucking, tlic glycerine
in 1 licse agreeable confections becomes actively bealing.
Sold in Tins. la. lfcl., laUlled “JAMES IH»PS nud CO.,
H>>mopoi»at luc Cheintfiis, London."
rpOWLE’S PENNYROYAL and STEEL
7 „ S! LI f *»Z* m A 18S. Sold In BdjM, la.lid. nnd «d.
of all Chemists. Sent anywhere on receipt of iftor S4 stamps hv
tut LINCOLN and MIDLaNDCOUNTIKR DRUOCO,.Lincoln.
DEC. 16. 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA’S Q O & D SMI9 H S’ A % % XARCE fill
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.
USEFUL AND ORNAMENTAL.
OPERA, RACE, & FIELD GLASSES
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
Barometers, Microscopes, Telescopes,
Magic Lanterns, &c.,
IUintrated Frice-Liat: pasted free to all parte of the World.
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA,
V iKsTt
UK Qt'K
mknt Mai
HOLBORX VIADUCT, E.C.
Dn incur*: 4ft, ('omlilll; 122, Regent-street;
Photographer* nt the Crystal Palace.
IT. an! Z. s large Illustrated Caulogue, 1200 Engravings,
price 5s. 6d.
Sizes at £3, £3 10s., £4, £4 10s., £5. £5 10 b., £6, £6 10s., £ 7, £8, £9, £10 10a.
Illustrated Pamphlet,with Prices of Winches, Clinln*. Seals. Jewellery, and Clocks, of all the newest Patterns, forwarded gratis
Catalogues free on application.
BAYLISS, JONES, & BAYLISS,
WOLVERHAMPTON.
Loudm Office * Show-Boom.: 139* 141, CANNCN-ST., E.C. |
MADE WITH BOILING WATER.
E P P S’S|
(GRATEFUL-COMFORTING)
C O C O A|
MADE WITH BOILING MILK.
BT SPECIAL APPOINTMENT TO H.N. THE QUEEN.
EDMONDS, ORR, & CO.,
Ladies’ and Juvenile Outfitters,
I Tailors, and Hosiers,
47, WIGMORE-ST., CAVENDISH - SQ.,
HY GIENIC UNDERWEAR
Specialties in Slender Waist Com¬
binations and Underveata. High or Low
Kecked, Long or Short Sleeves.
texture
10,000
XMAS. PRESENTS
Oxford Street,London .
New Catalogue Post Free.
trade mark
TRADE MARX
Evrrv Lady, ever* Gentleman, every Hninokroiwr. and
every *t»w\ aw M*uN u»e rhu* Pure Antlsci-tir. I «va«i*e it il
miiii» r,l<> ft.r all i>rr-. ijia nn*l all Homes, from tlie I’AI.ACK TO
THE COTrAi.K KVKUYW1IKKK. . . . Il U sold by all
t f (• nicer* anti flh'.pkwivr*. ... lt« l>i»covery,
ind InrrtyMint; with Him] o Packe^
tlikSlTl lIMPAXvlltt'i'r'ls.'ll.'lslNBw'MAItKKT-STliBi^,
UlllMIMiHAM.
SPECIAL TRADE MARK
UNEQUALLED FOB
| WANTS, CHILDREN, &. INVALIDS.
SCOTTY
X Midlothian ~
^AT-FLO^
EIGHT First-Clou Exhibition Awards.
Highly Be commended by the Sad Ini Profusion.
HUdb) all Grocery and Chemist*.
WMltaw.Ab E. Scot t, Glasgow, Manchester, A Lend on.
FASHIONS FOR THE SEASON.
]>BTER ROB IXS OX'S COURT and FAMILY
A SIOURSINU WAREHOUSE.
-*6 to ItEGENT-STRKKr, LONDON*.
X^ RECEIPT of LETTER or TELEGRAM
whatever
ise, Regents
Yell as the
O n RI
V / ^Mourn
Drr iMunker of il«‘«ired) F Without am extra
Adtlross-PETER ROBINSON, Mourning
TXEXPEXSIVE MOURXfXG,
Riclioat Vualuipt, can bo Buimlicd »i
PETER ROBINSON
PRENCH and ENGLISH DRESSMAKING at
very moderate charcc*.
ttILKS. \ ELVETS. BROCADES, an immense
OSu , S J’ E !, l AL “ Good-Wearing ” MAKES of
■aso,!.. bum ,,*" 1 fr “‘“ a,, no..
J7VENING and DINNER DRESSES. A superior
»“ "■» ">«lv«a la pnee, Spring
N A
BEAUTIFUL FRENCH MILLINERY, entirely
p eter B0B s^£k^ d GE - xERAi
*» to SSS, BEQEIf T - HTIIEET.
! MOURNING warehouse,
I REGENT-STREET, LONDON.
(LIMITED),
Late A. B. SAVORY and SONS,
WATCH AND CLOCK MAKERS,
11 and 12, CORNHILL, LONDON, E.C.
THE BEST KEYLESS WATCHES.
Highly-finished Horizontal Watch, in plain gold half¬
hunting cases (us drawing), with gold or enamel
dial .£10 0 0
Ditto, ditto, in silver cases .. .. 3 10 0
VICTORIA CHAINS FOR LADIES.
18-ct. gold, our own make. Open Curb Pattern, 13 in. long.
ELLI MAH'S UNIVE RSAL EMBROCATIC
"Rheum at is Si" lumbago. 1
SPRAINS.
''BruiSEJ>===
I SORETHROATy.toLD-’sTl'FFNESS .
1 P repared inly by ElllMAN SONf*C°Slot)thEnt|
“ I feel bound to tell you what a rare good thing I and
your Universal Embrocation for removing soreness in
the legs. For football players it Is an absolute necessity,
ns nothing that I know of removes stiffness or brings
Embrocation.
“ Panama, South America."
SCHWEITZERS
OOCOAT5N A.
Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa or Chocolate Powder.
GUARANTEED PURE SOLUBLE COCOA .
Sold in \ lb., £ lb., and 1 lb. Tins.
BY CH5MISTS, GROCERS, dtC.
UMBRELLAS*
S.FQX&!C?Limited ]
& PATENTEES &S01E MANUFACTURERS OFALL^
.STERLING IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FRAMER
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided improvements (protected by
Letters Patent) which srive increased
Stability and greater Neatness to the
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
facture the Steel specially lor all
their frames and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferior
makes._ _
ED. PINAUD
PARIS,37.B d deStrft.sbo u rg
ED.PIMD ' 1
Celib ated Pei lumps
Violet nr Parma I Timed.ra
Breonl | Aida
ElPfflAOD'SSs
WATER
ill"
BALLYHOOLEY
WHISKEY.
Wholesale and Export of
J. and .T. VICKERS and CO., Limited,
LONDON it DUBLIN.
MODERN SHOT GUNS.
By W. W. GREENER.
<f Written for sportsmen, it is a
oli which all who shoot should read.'*
Illustrated, 200 cloth, 5s.
CASSELL and CO., Limited, London.
Certain I HARNESS’ I cure.
ELECTR0PATH1C BELT!
Ladies’ Ailments
„ Mr '- CBAIVS1UW, 3, r,i„«s' Mansions, Victor!
atreet. ft.W.. writes:—" Aftera/ortnigkt'sapplication
of Harness hltctnfat/ne Appliances the effect has
.. wr ~t»zkt months my I ft
■ a terrible burden _ .
-ranteed to generate a i
Electricity, which speedily
’ quite well again.'
ontlnuous current of
, «* tca all Disorders of the
tZ.’ L l *® r Md Kw ney»- Thousands of
Iprn^„.r' > w 1 “ , . ll ‘l.*.J ,lYlc ° r "=®
LoNDojt : Printed and Published at ibo Office,
"*■ Stran "’"* U,C '' 3rUh ot St - cl '' mem Dan “’ Cnunir o( MMakKx. l,r IsonvM^noinEU*,
■ n 4Viee fr «« ««
K * linr,,< ‘ M . Consult-
enZr' AdiVc"" 11 Bntteri * °-
S&SSSS&&&
nlnrMaid.—S atvrwat. DEceum:ii is, l.su.
“ TbG existence of tlie Empire depends upon the strength of the Fleet, the strength of the Fleet depends on the Shipbuilding Vote.... I maintain the Shipbuilding Vote Is based on no
policy, no theory, no businesslike or dellnite idea whatever, to enable It to meet the requirements of the country, the primary object of Its expenditure. ... I hold that the Government, which
Is and must bo solely responsible, should first lay down a definite standard lor the Fleet, which standard should be a force capable of defending our shores and commerce, together with the
punctual and certain delivery of onr food supply, against the Hoots of two Powers combined, one of which should bo France; and that the experts should then bo called together and say what
Is necessary to get that standard, and give the reasons for their statement."—Lord Charles Beresford, in House of Commons, Dec. 13, on .shipbuilding tote.
LOED CHARLES BERESFORD SPEAKING IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS ON THE STATE OF THE NAVY.
734
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
To the success of great national speculations which, although
delusive, have taken the fancy of the public and become - a
craze," two things seem to he almost indispensable—(.1)
that the promoter should ho a man of character, with a
Napoleonic gift of personal attraction: and (2) that the
object* of the speculation should he a long way off. In
M. Do Lesseps and his Panama (’anal, in Mr. Law and his
Mississippi scheme, both these conditions were complied with ;
and also, though in a less degree, in Lord Oxford’s plan of the
South Sea Company. No improper motives, I believe, have
been imputed to any of those three projectors ; indeed, the
character of M. Pc Lesseps stands very high, while he has given
a proof of his ability for undertakings such as he recommends
which is acknowledged by all the world. Still, the similarity
of what is now going on in France with what happened there
one hundred and seventy years ago is remarkable, and will be
still more so if the Government (which, however, seems now
improbable) should back his efforts as the French King (as
he well might, for it put millions into his coffers) backed
those of Mr. Law. That gentleman, having been made
director of the ltoyal Bank, in twelve months •created” fifty
millions sterling in new notes. The East and West India Com¬
panies (French) joined with it, and the expectation was that all
the national debt (then at an immense discount) was to be
brought into the concern, and the creditors paid in Mississippi
bonds instead of specie. Perhaps we may see something
analogous to this operation again, though there is little chance
of the shares of the present undertaking running up to “a
thousand per cent,” at which point bis Majesty discreetly sold
out. The last fifty million shares were each split into one
hundred, so as to afford an opportunity to the very poorest of
benefiting by the golden opportunity ; and, indeed, they might
have done so, had they been quick enough about it, for the
stock, wo are told, rose, after tlrat, no les9 than 500 per cent,
and though it fell to 450 on the bare rumour of Law’s indis¬
position, rose again to 510 on his recovery. The highest
quotation of the stock was I3u0! Its attractions, we read,
“ crowded Paris with strangers, so that lodgings could hardly
be obtained for money, and provisions were at the highest
price."
Of course it is very wrong to escape from a lunatic asylum
when one’s friends have placed one there for one’s own good,
but argument is thrown away upon some people. At the
same time a patient may consider that his friends have made
a mistake; and I can imagine nothing likely to make him
more angry than to find himself in confinement for doing what
others do with the utmost impunity. For example, a gentleman
is at present advertised for, as having left an establishment
of this nature without leave, “ whose mania is to attend
auction sales, and give large prices for worthless objects."
This is not, at all events, homicidal mania, and may even
result in benefit—to the auctioneer. I know several people—
a most affluent and respectable solicitor for one, who shuts up
other people (so to speak) like winking, when too eccentric—
who are victims to the same delusion, and not a soul interferes
with their liberty of action. A man who gives pounds and
pounds for an “ early edition " of some volume that he can
get at the railway bookstall for two shillings—and often
because it has some picture in it so badly drawn that it is
afterwards cancelled, or even some ridiculous misprint—is
certainly mad; much madder than any hatter—a class
maligned so far as I know, and who only go mad when you
don't pay them. I suspect the gentleman who is advertised
as being improperly •• at large ’’ does not buy books ; but
suppose he even buys salamanders, for which he has no use ;
where is the difference.’ Ferhaps he derives the same satis¬
faction from looking at a whole row of them that the biblio¬
maniac derives from his shelves of early editions, which he
never reads and, I need scarcely add, never lends. He would
cut your throat first; and yet he is secure from captivity.
A book called “ How Men Propose ’’ has, I see, been
published in America, but not, as I well remember, without
having hail a previous existence in England, cat short by the
threat of “an injunction." A more impudent act of piracy,
indeed, was never attempted; and all the “Selections" and
“ Collections " made by those who make their living out of other
folks’ brains without their leave and license become respect¬
able compared with it. It was nothing less than a collection
of love-scenes culled from the books of living English novelists,
and “ conveyed ’’ by the editor for his own behoof. I dare say
he picket! out the plums with the sagacity of Jack Horner, but
“ Horner's Process " (though meritorious in mathematics) is
held in literature to be roguery. The American edition, as
might be expected, is much “ fuller,’’ and includes the lady
novelist's view of how proposals should be effected ; but the
original name—which was the only thing original the book
possessed—seems to be retained. Indeed, unless in leap year,
it would be of small importance to those seeking a social guide
in this delicate matter to bear how ladies propose to gentlemen.
What is wanted is practical information ; and in “How Men
Propose ’’ we get it, alphabetically, from Mr. Walter Besant to
Mr. Edmnnd Yates. Every male will herein find the style most
suitable to his disposition—the patronising and the humble,
the confident and the well nigh hopeless, the pathet ic and even
the humorous. I am quite sorry that “ copyright difficulties
still bar the book from the English reader : but. on the other
hand, it is quite possible for hoiu st readers to obtain the
information they seek from the works of the authors them¬
selves, without the help of this larcenous production.
Mr. Dion Boncicault has published his opinion that woman
thou Id be allowed to propose. He “hates a privileged class,
and prejudices, however respectable;’’ and “why an honest
woman may not freely and honourably acknowledge her
$ reference in selecting a partner for life" he does mt see.
Selection, however, suggests possession—the certainty of
acquiring what we have set our hearts on—whereas a proposal
presupposes at least the possibility of rejection. How dreadful
it would be for a young woman to have the reputation that
some young men have of “making fools of themselves” after
supper (or. indeed, any meal : five o’clock tea would, perhaps,
be worse than supper) by proposing indiscriminately l Jt is a
practice, I am told, that grows upon you ; but it is not what
the doctors call a wholesome growth. For a young person to
boast of the lovers she has rejected may be cruel, but it is
natural enough : so the Indian chief plumes himself on (and
with) the scalps of the fallen : but for her to sustain defeat
in her own proper person seems not exactly right. After a
few seasons it might be said of one of these too advanced (and
advancing) young persons, just as is now said of the too im¬
pressionable males, “ That girl has asked more men to marry
her than any girl in London." It might be trne, but to my
thinkiug it would not be pretty. Such a custom would render it
in time less impossible, I fear, than it is now for a gentleman
to say “ No ". to a lady. On the other hand I think it perfectly
reasonable that a young woman who is troubled by the atten¬
tions of a philanderer, should (delicately but firmly) ask him
whether he means business. “ Excuse my seeming abruptness,"
she might say, “ but the fact is my time is valuable, and yours
is not."
There are some things concerning which, when the people
who tell us about them say, “ I would not have.believed it, had
I not seen it myself," we venture to claim the same exemption.
The hearing the cuckoo in December, lately attested by four
persons in Norfolk, comes, I think, under this head. One of
them was servant to the clergyman of the parish who tells the
story, and the Rector backs his man. He doubts whether
cuckoos migrate, and narrates the following instance of it: “ A
person told me that one winter, in moving some faggots stacked
against a wall, hr turned out a cuckoo This is a fairy tale,
indeed, and sounds more like metamorphosis than an}' lack of
migration. It was no doubt after he turned cuckoo that the
four honest Norfolk men heard him : my own impression is,
however, that that unseasonable songster was less a cuckoo
than a lyre bird. _
White of Selborne did not believe in “the swallow, swallow”
always “ flying south'*: he used to find them “ gliding about"
in November, and believed many of them to winter in holes
and caverns. He says the same of the banting—though not, it
is to be observed, of “ the baby bunting,’’ which is only seen in
warm weather. He is very hard upon the cuckoo, to whom he
applies Job's remark on a much larger bird, “She is hardened
against her young ones as though they were not hers “ ; but
he never accuses her of hibernating.
There have been strange stories told of the cuckoo.
Though his note is spoken of as the very type of monotony,
“ in the month of June,” as the children’s rhyme runs, “ he alters
his tune." The cuckoo, says White. “ begins early in the sea¬
son with the interval of a minor third ; he then proceeds to a
major third, then to a fourth, then to a fifth, after which his
voice breaks," and he loses his situation (like our boy
choristers) among the feathered choir. In Southey s Journal
we read of a very remarkable specimen of the bird. “By Mr.
Loathes’ house," he writes in IS 15, “1 heard a stuttering
cuckoo—whose note was * cuccuckoo, cuccuckoo’; after three or
four of which he brought out the word rightly.” The poet
does not mention the time of day when the phenomenon
occurred, but one can’t help suspecting that it must have been
after cither he, or the bird, had been dining.
M. Numa Gilley, the French Deputy, ought to be regarded
by posterity—whose good opinion we are always told is the
only one worth having—as the least egotistic of men. Some¬
body has been publishing works under his name, which have
made some sensation, but which he protests that he has “ not
even read,” and far less written. Until they threatened to get
him into trouble he took no pains to deny their authorship.
Being a Deputy, perhaps, makes us content with the abolition
of one’s identity. His position is curiously in contrast with
that of our own M.P.’s, some of whom, so far from ignoring
their own productions, are whispered to put their names to
“ addresses ” and their voices to speeches that are made by
others. It seems probable that Xnma Gilley is itself a mm do
plume, for it's a very funny one ; and, since his utterances are
not his own. he can hardly even lay claim to be ros ct jmctvrca
nihil. Perhaps the hibernating cuckoo has been discovered in
this retiring politician after all.
How soon the memory of a dead man dies with all he
holds most dear, has been reproachfully adverted to by the
poet, who has. however, also hinted at the complications that
would arise if he should take it into his head to come back—
The hard liolr slrblr* about bis In ml
Ami will not .view ii for a day.
This is not so certain just now as regards “the land,” which
he would probably yield very readily (because it yields
nothing to him), but with respect to personal property, he
would no doubt stick to it. As to the duration of grief for
the dead, that depends upon the character of the Departed and
also on that of the Survivor. There are some loving souls
who, having lost the idol of their affections, go monrning all
the days of their lives: while others (and these are more
numerous) get over it with amazing promptitude. It is
curious to note, however, how fashion affects both these
classes, in a matter which, whether their grief be genuine or
not, must at all events seem to them a most serious and solemn
one. It is not many years since the custom began of supple¬
menting the obituaries in the papers with “In Memoriam"
notices. At first it seemed very touching ; these pious records
contrasted favourably with the curt style adopted by some
mourners: “No cards," as if the departed had entered the
married state; “No other intimation—Scotch papers please
copy," Ac. But as time went on, and also the “ In Memoriams."
DEC. 22, 1888
one began to doubt the sincerity of some of them. It may not
be so, of course ; but what strikes one as rather suspicious is
their intermittency. A “beloved husband" is regretted in
1885 and 1 •885. but not in 1887 ; but grief bursts into leaf again
(the advertisement leaf) in 1888. Is it possible the widow
forgot him in 1887 ! Rather, let us hope, she had not the
money to spare for the insertion ; but the omission iscertaiuly
remarkable. The .enstom has, however, evidently taken root
and grows. I notice that the “ In Memoriams" arc going farther
and farther back. There was a husband the other day in the
paper lost in 1880, and another in 1881. Neither of them ever
appeared there in the meantime: what could possibly have
attracted the pent-up grief of the advertisers to break out in so
strange a channel ? These eccentricities of human feeling are
surely interesting, though to many of us inexplicable.
THE SILENT MEMBER.
Lord Charles Beresford, the steadfast advocate of Admiralty
and Navy reform, joined Lord Randolph Churchill in giving a
lively fillip to Parliamentarj’ proceedings prior to the departure
of Mr. \V. H. Smith for the Monte Carlo Eden, and the start
of Mr. Gladstone for Naples on the agreeably mild morning of
December the Nineteenth (a pleasant change from the chilling
fog of the Fifteenth, when the right hon. gentleman drove
with Mr. John Morley to Limehouse to deliver another rousing
address).
It is always a pleasure to hear Lord Charles Beresford. The
noble and gallant Lord the member for East Morylebone is
ever in earnest. A skilful, daring, and brave naval officer, the
mere mention of whose name calls up recollections of his
intrepid action onboard the little Condor at Alexandrin, and
his valorous exploit on the Upper Nile during the Gordon
Relief Expedition, Lord Charles Beresford has also the signal
advantage of being a thorough master of his subject, practically
as well as theoretically, when he rises in the House to prove
the inadequacy of our Navy. There is, in fine, a sailorlike
candour about his speeches that is very refreshing in an
assemblage where red-tape officialdom is still predominant.
Possessing these rare qualifications, Lord Charles Beresford,
(nothing daunted by his fall in the Row) commanded the
attention of hon. members interested in the Navy when he
arraigned the First Lord of the Admiralty on the Thirteenth
of December, and from his ’vantage point behind the Treasury
bench poured in a formidable fire on the devoted head of Lord
George Hamilton ; Lord Randolph Churchill vainly endeavour¬
ing to smother his satisfaction by assiduously curling the ends
of his moustache. Of the latter noble Lord it may be
truly said, indeed, that nothing seems to afford him so
much pleasure as the political misfortunes of his best
friends. It was in Committee of Supply on the vote
of £1,805,200 for ship-building and repairs that Lord Charles
Beresford delivered his attack. Contending that the British
fleet should be numerically more than a match for the com¬
bined fleets of any two European Powers, Lord Charles entered
into statistics to prove that such was not the case at present.
He put the case very plainly. .Supposing, said he, for example,
that hostilities were to break out between England and France
(which terrible eventuality the Fates forbid !), we should then
have to fight the thirty war-vessels France possesses for defen¬
sive and offensive purposes. Deducting the British ships which
the noble Lord said would be unavailable at such a juncture,
he computed that there would only he thirty-six English men-of-
war left to cope with the thirty of the French. His Lordship
then set to work to support his argument by unfolding in
interesting detail a possible naval “plan of campaign.” naming
the French ports and squadrons our ships would have to watch,
and making it manifest that our fleets would be insufficient
in numbers for the work before them. We regret that we have
not space to add particulars of Lord Charles Beresford’s
well-thought-out and admirable speech. It must suffice
to say that his Lordship contended that Twenty Millions
more should be expended on new ships of war to render
our Navy commensurate with the duties it would have to
perform in the contingency he bluntly stated. The numerous
friends of the noble and gallant Lord will value the counter¬
feit presentment of him drawn on the preceding page. Lord
George Hamilton, in a manner, admitted the soundness
of Lord Charles Beresford's views by agreeing that our
fleet xhould he stronger; and he foreshadowed a larger and
more comprehensive vote for next year ; but he thought the
object desired might be gained by spreading the expenditure
over a number of years. In the end, the badgered First Lord
of the Admiralty secured all the Navy votes.
Mr. Goscben, in taking Mr. Smith's place as Leader of the
Honse. had at the outset to face the fresh Souakim Difficulty,
and Lord Randolph Churchill’s awkward inquiries on the
Fifteenth of December as to the course the Government
would adopt in view of Osman Digna’s declaration that the
Mahdi had captured Emin Pasha and Mr. H. M. Stanley. The
Chancellor of the Exchequer was quite equal to the occasion.
Mr. Goschen said the Government had no proofs of the capture
of those eminent personages, and could not hamper the military
Commanders at Souakim. Upon Mr. John Morley returning to
the attack on this knotty question the Monday following,
supported by Mr. Gladstone and Lord Randolph Churchill (who
inflicted a brace of digs into the ribs of the Prime Minister),
the Government, through the medium of Mr. Stanhope, stoutly
maintained that they had no alternative but to defend Souakim.
What has concerned hon. members even more than the Souakim
problem is that Parliament should be compelled to sit till
Christmas !
The supply of cattle for the Christmas trade, at the Metro¬
politan Cattle Market on Dec. 17, was rather larger than in
several recent years. There were 7518 beasts exhibited, and
12,8110 sheep.
The last concert given by the students of the Hyde Park
Academy was more than usually well received. “ King Renes
Daughter" filled up the first part of the programme. Mrs.
Lindley White rendering in excellent taste the principal part
in the popular cantata.
The Earl of Shrewsbury has intimated to the whole of the
tenantry on his estates in Cheshire his intention of returning
to them 10 per cent on the half-year's Christmas rents now
due. This is the eighth time in succession that the Earl has
made a similar abatement.
Christmas and New Year cards are not yet exhausted. From
Messrs. Misch and Stock, of 55, Jewin-street. we have received
several specimens, nicely coloured,and all in good taste; a few
novel designs from Messrs. Birn, of 27, Finsbury-street; some
cards, showing great care, from Messrs. Thorburn and Bain,of
50, Paternoster-row : hand-painted ones and comic eccentrici¬
ties from Messrs. Hamilton. Hills, and Co., of 22, Paternoster-
row ; Christmas nuts to crack, all home-grown, from Mr. J*
Tayler Foot, of 18, Poland-street; and Christmas and New
Year gifts from Messrs. Charbonnel and Walker, of 173, New
Bond-street
I9t
HYfcRES, SOUTH COAST OF FRANCE.
738
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEO. 22, 183S
THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION.
OurSkctolica in court were made on Friday, Dec. 14, when the
witnesses from Kerry were being examined and cross-examined.
Sir Charles Russell. Q.C., M.P.. appears engaged in a cross-
examination, in the interest of his clients, the Irish Land League
ami National League loaders, also members of Parliament.
Rehind him sits Mr. Timothy Harrington. M.P., attired as a
professional barrister, who conducts his own case. The
evidence given on that day was of some personal concern to
Mr. Harrington, with reference to transactions at Castle-
island and Carrow, and in the town of Tralee, in March,
1 HI, and his association with two men named Brosnan. to
whom money was paid for canvassing, “ by night," in favour
of the Land Leagu? candidate at an election of a Poor-Law
guardian. Thomas O'Connor, the informer, deposed that two
of the electors were, visited at night by himself and one
of the Brosnans. disguised with covered faces, who threatened
to do something serious to them if they would not promise
to vote for Mr. M’Sweeney. ‘ This witness O’Connor said lie did
not want any money from the Times but his bare expenses,
and he had come forward "in the hope of banishing the hdl
upon earth that existed round liis own place in Ireland."
Mrs. Donoghue, of Tralee, who keeps a lodging-
house, deposed that Mr. T. Harrington, in 1*82,
paid her £20 or £25 for daily supplying food to -
some men imprisoned in the county jail for
agrarian outrages. The shorthand reporter had . — -
a difficult task in keeping pace with the confused
Anglo-Irish language of a voluble female witness.
II VERES.
Hyeres has deservedly come to the fore this season, and is
crowded with visitors. It is a mystery why this most charm¬
ing of Riviera health-resorts did not long ago become the
favourite place. However, the Hyferes officials and municipality
have wakened up, and added greatly to the attractions of the
place by improving the Casino and organising a fine orchestra.
Rut it is to those in search of health, rest, and freedom that
Ilyferes most commends itself—for, though a gay little town,
THE ELECTIONS IN SERVIA.
The general election of representatives in the
Grand “ Skuptschina," or National Assembly
of the Kingdom of Servin took place on Sunday
Dec. IS, tinder the new provisions of the
amended Constitution. It appears that the
Royal influence was used rather adversely to
the existing Ministry, that of M. Chiisticb the
head of the Moderate Progressist party; and
that the Radical party, whose chief is M.
Risticb, have gained more than thrce-fcartbs
of the seats, winning at least twenty in the
towns and thirty in the rural districts. At
Belgrade, the capital city. M. Garashanine and
the other Ministerial candidates were defeated,
four Liberals and fonr Radicals being elected
by 355 votes for each. The new Assembly
would meet on Dec. 23. but the political
struggle for office would not begin until
.January. The overthrow of the present
Government was considered to be certain ; but
the Radicals were supposed to be bent on
rescinding some parts of the Constitution, with
a view to diminishing the prerogatives of the
Crown, and M. Ristich is supposed to incline
to a Russian or Panslavish policy. These con¬
ditions make it doubtful whether the King
a Radical Ministry, as his Majesty seeks
... , jrfc. A Sketch by M. Lnchmann shows the riot
at Vidovo, the chief magistrate rescued by gendarmes.
Sir Charles Russell
Pocket-books combining utility and strength with elegance
are issued by Messrs. Marcus Ward and Co.
At a meeting of the Royal Geographical Society, held on
Ib c. 17 in the theatre of the London University—General Sir
Richard Strachey, president, in the chair—Colonel R. G.
Woodthorpo. R.E., read a paper entitled “ Explorations on the
Chindwin lliver, Upper Barraah," in the course of which he
recounted his own personal observations and experiences in
that country, and gave some interesting details as to the
appearance and customs of the various native tribes. He
remarked that the Cbindwin River, which at certain periods
cf the year was much swollen by rain, became so shallow
O'C
SKETCHES
mnor , the Informer .
AT THE PARNELL INQUIRY COMMISSION.
A race between Shorthand and Anglo-Irish.
there is Costebellc, the lovely hilly suburb where one can
almost imagine oneself in a semi-tropical ranche of Southern
California were it not for the strains of distant music and the
peal of distant bells wafted up by the evening breeze from the
little town below, looking like a pearl set in emeralds, so white
it gleams from out its luxuriant vegetation. The best example
of Costebelle's increasing popularity is the fact that the Grand
Hotel d'Albion—one of the best hotels on the whole Riviera—
has had to add a large wing to its former building, in order
to accommodate the number of visitors who are flock¬
ing there. An English church, too. has been erected in the
hotel grounds, and the Bishop of Gibraltar is nominating the
chaplain.
The view from Costebelle is a scene of ever-changing
delight : one gazes far over the azure sea, dotted with
verdant islands, in and ont of which tack and put about the
prettily-rigged fishing and fruit vessels, while away to either
side are faint blue mountains. As will be seen from our Artist s
sketches the town offers to the antiquary and the skctchcr every
advantage. The old gateway is but one of many which, with
the town walls and an ancient castle, give both scope for their
full powers ; and what could be more picturesque, in different
wavs, than the old - Quartier de St. Paul" and the " Rue du
Paradis," or the sandy road of Costebellc bordered with such
aloes as one expects to find only in Africa? The remaining
picture is a charming view of the Grand Hotel d Albion, the
magnificent position of which can well be gathered from the
sketch.
Tin* -rn-.m of < was opened early in
L- anon at the bright and cheerful Alhambra Theatre o*
Varieties, which fairly eclipsed former triumphs. A model of
magnificence and good taste, the charming new fantastic ballet
of “ Irene" well merited its enthusiastic reception. ‘ Irene"
should attract all London. The exquisitely beautiful new
costumes of M. and Madame Alias combine for the first time
the ethereal with the brilliant, the soft, silken crepe de Chine
draperies being particularly elegant. Whilst the inspiriting
Neapolitan Fair scene has rarely, if ever, been surpassed for
gaiety and radiant loveliness of colour, the crowning tableau
of Fortuna’s Kingdom is perfectly enchanting. It evoked a
storm of applause. The music of Jacobi, choreographic art
of Casati, costumes of Alias, and grace of the Alhambra corps
de ballet, unite to make “ Irene ” a great fcerpsicborean success.
The availability of ordinary return tickets between all
•nation* on the London. Brighton, and South Coast Railway
■will be extended over the Christmas Holidays as usual, and in
this arrangement will be included the special cheap Satur¬
day to Monday tickets between London and the seaside
places on the‘South Coast and the Isle of Might. Un
Dec. 22, 24, and 2(> extra fast trains will leave Victoria
and London Bridge Stations for the Isle of Wight; and on
Christmas Eve an extra midnight train will leave London
for Brighton, Eastbourne, Hastings, Worthing, Chichester,
Portsmouth, Ac. On Boxing Day special cheap excursions
will be run from Brighton, &c., to the Crystal Palace and
London, and also from London to Brighton and back. I*or
the Crystal Palace pantomime and the holiday entertainments
on Boxing Day, extra trains will be run to and from London,
as required by the traffic. The Brighton Company announce
that their West-End offices—28, Regent-circus, Piccadilly, and
8, Orand llotel-buildings, Trafalgar-square— will remain open
until 10 p.m. on the evenings of Friday, Saturday, and
Monday for the sale of the special cheap tickets and ordinary
tickets'to all parts of the line, at the same fares as charged at
London Bridge and Victoria Stations.
The coast districts of Few South Wales have been visited
by heavy storms and rains ; but, in the interior, rain continues
to be urgently needed.
A Christmas-Box for a shilling is the special attraction at
the European Game and Toy Warehouse of Mr. Cremer, jun.,
210, Regent-street, where may be found every variety of
Christmas gameB, toys, and dolls, and where also is kept a
large assortmeat of cosaques.
At Sonakim the left flank of the enemy was reconnoitred
hy onr troops on Dec. 15 and following day. The Welsh
Battalion arrived on the 15th. from Snez, and was warmly
welcomed. On the 17th the forts directed a heavy fire on
the enemy’s position.and destroyed a port ion of their entrench¬
ments. The reinforcements have been completed by the
arrival of the 1st squadron of the 20th Hussars and 100 men
of the 2nd Battalion of Egyptian troops. A letter addressed
by Osman Digna to the Governor informs him that he had
received news from the Khalifahthat the Equatorial Province
had fallen into the Mahdi’s hands ; and that Emin Pasha and
another white man, whose name was not known, but said to he
Stanley, were, it is stated, taken prisoners. If the information
thus communicated to General Grenfell be aulhentio it brings
to a melancholy conclusion the uncertainty and apprehension
in which we have so long been plunged with respect to Emin
Pasha and Mr. Stanley.
during the month of May as to render navigation very difficul t
This, he thought, however, might he obviated to some extent
by the shifting of sandbanks. I he paper was
series of dissolving views taken from
sketches by the lecturer himself. A vote of thanks, prop
by the chairman, brought the proceedings to a close.
Mr. Justice Stirling has made an order for the winding-up
of the affairs of the late Irish Exhibition, after '>™nngsmte-
ments affecting the solvency of the undertaking and
liability of the Executive Council. . , . .
Mr. Ralph Copeland, F.R.A.S, has he™ 5Prc"ilod by thc
Queen to be Astronomer-Royal for Scotland and Professor of
Practical Astronomy in the University of Edinburgh, in the
room of Professor Piazzi Smyth, resigned.
Anew mechanics' institute, built by the Lan^sh.reand
Yorkshire Railway Company, at a cest of 1 ji r .
at Horwich on Dec. 15 by the chairman of the directors M
George J. Armytage, who afterwards distributed P™»
successful science students. A conceit followed,
of the institute consists of 18110 volumes.
The usual weekly entertainment at Brora pton Hartal
The entertainment gave great pleasure to the pane
A Bill providing for n loan of ,£ 4,fiCKl.QOO. bearing mterest
at 34 per cent, has passed the Victona Legisla K| ()00 __
This loan comprises the unissued ba ance—namely , * b
of the £8.000,tMK) loan authorised in 885 which 18 r^ujefl ^
that amount, and £2,600,000 to meet the
railway works authorised during the last ffiree yea^ ^ floot
total amount of £4,600.000, it is only in
£3.000.000 early next year. . ^
Lord Dufferin, who was entertained at a tomjuet
leaving Bombay, said he handed over India . QUCS tjon
without a cloud on the horizon. There was no internal
on hand which could not be easily solved. Lor ^ lcn ita
replying to on address of welcome presented by office
Municipality, expressed the hope that during ^ * notedly t0
the Government would be able to attend "“nterropwdjy.^
legislation for the domestic benefit of the people, a ^
prove the machinery of government to sucu_an
the illtjstr
The Seeon>
Smith, Champion of Smjlatul.
IF. Goal, Ballertea.
Pat CoiHion.
Reuben Buxle
MAJESTY’S THEATRE.
Daring: the week ending Dee. 15, a Grand Boxing Tournament,
harmless with the gloves, was held in Her Majesty's Theatre,
Haymarket. formerly dedicated to Italian Opera, afterwards to
the religious hymns and sermons of Moody and Sankey. to
political demonstrations, and to diverse popular spectacles and
entertainments. This exhibition of competitive athletic skill
was promoted by sporting men of fashion, members of the
“Amateur Boxing Association,” but waB hardly superior in
arrangement and performance, from a scientific point of view,
to those which have been witnessed at the excellent German
Gymnasium at King’s-cross. The members of the Association
did not personally enter the lists, and 6ome professional boxers,
having been engaged the week before in a similar “ tourna¬
ment " at the Royal Aquarium, wanted a rest. The last
day's proceedings were of most interest, comprising the final
bouts in the eight different classes ; namely, those of !t st.
amateurs, 9 st. fi lb. professionals, heavy - weight amateurs,
8 st. 4 lb. professionals, middle-weight amateurs (under 11 st.
4 lb.), professionals of 10 st. 8 lb., amateur light-weights, ten
stone and under, and a catch - weight professional contest.
Several of the amateurs belonged to the Invicta, the Royal
Victor, and the New-cross Boxing Clubs. The prizes for
amateurs were presented to them by .Sir John Astley. Between
the regular competitions there were various exhibitions of
wrestling and sparring, Indian club wielding, and curious
feats of fisticuffs, which afforded much amusement. Our Artist,
to whom nothing comes amiss, “ was fortunately on the spot,”
and has delineated the portraits of some of the most accom¬
plished pugilists, including Jem Smith, the champion of
England, and those of Sir John and other gentlemen among
the spectators. The wrestling-match in the Cumberland and
Westmoreland 6tyle, which is a noble exercise with none of the
Cornish kicking tricks, was valiantly sustained by Scott and
White ; the first-named competitor got the odd fall. In the
boxing-match open to all weights (professional) Ted Burchell,
of Shoreditch, beat Alf Mitchell, of Cardiff, a taller man,
and a precise and severe hitter—forcing him round the stage,
however, in the third round, so as to cause a difference
of opinion among the judges, but the referee decided in favour
of Burchell. Much amusement was excited by the extra bye-
performances : the Twin Brothers Gee, announced as the
smallest boxers in the world, displayed a good deal of “applied
science ” and practical dexterity with their puny limbs ; and
there was a ludicrous imitation of cock-fighting, by two men
squatting and springing at each other, with the legs of each
trammelled by a stick under the knees. There was also a
comic sparring-match between a white man and a black man,
the gloves of the former being covered with white chalk, and
those of the latter with lamp-black ; the effect on their faces,
respectively, was both ridiculons and sublime. It has been
pointed out, upon this occasion, that the site of Her Majesty's
Theatre was formerly that of Rideout’s Fencing Academy.
The Illustration of Black Mountain prisoners in the Fort
of Oghi, which appears on another page this week, is from a
photograph taken by Major Sydney D. Turnbull, of the Mth
Bengal Cavalry ; not, as is stated by mistake, one of the
Sketches we received from Lieutenant Walter Blair. One
of these prisoners was a Hassanzai; the others were of the
Bungash Kheyl tribe, from the Kohat district, but settled in
Agror. They were charged with the cruel slaughter of some
unarmed muleteers in our service. The prisoners are repre¬
sented as under guard of a Ghoorka havildar aud sentry.
. ! ■ i lilii. '
b
BARBED OUT.”—DRAWN BY
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 22, 1888
742
THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE PLUM-PUDDING.
Whv is it that history so persistently ignores the things,
names and events which the world most earnestly desires to
know? Now-a-days it matters to none of us that Marius once
sat amid the ruins of Carthage, or that Alfred burnt the
cakes in the neatherd’s cottage. Who cares a stiver whether
Cheops built the Great Pyramid, or Omar the Khalif compiled
the code of laws known by his name or whether when
Tiraour invaded India the Hindooscaught a Tartar ? But
at this Christmas-time, as a certain delicious fragrance—
subtly compounded of many separate fragrances, each sweet
in itself, but all much sweeter than any separate one—is
wafted to my olfactory organs " (to quote the comic journals),
I am painfully reminded that history has nowhere recorded
the name of the inventor of the plum-pudding. It would nob
be easy to adduce a more impressive example of the ignorance
of historians, and, I fear I must odd, of the ingratitude of the
world. For centuries men and women—and, notably, English-
speaking men and women—have been feasting at stated
periods on this dish “ fit for gods,’’ and yet have made no
attempt (so it appears) to rescue from oblivion the name of
the benefactor who invented—or, as I should prefer to say,
created it. Neither in the pages of garrulous Herodotus or
judicious Thucydides, of Livy or Tacitus, of Ferishta the
Persian or Tabari (whom Gibbon calls the Livy of the
Arabians) ; neither in Eusebius or Zozomen ; or, to come later
down, in De Thou or Philip de Comines, Guicciardini or
Muratori —in the Saxon Chronicle, Geoffrey of Monmonth,
Walter Map, or Henry of Huntingdon, occurs the slightest
reference to this philanthropist. Mr. Samuel Itawson Gardiner
has not detected his name among the State Papers he loves
so well; nor has Mr. Froude discovered it among the archives of
Simancas. Alas ! how truo it is (as Sir Henry Taylor says)
that -the world knows nothing of its greatest men”!
Assuredly, in the front rank of these Great Unknowns—
“inheritors of unfulfilled renown '—the impartial and dis¬
passionate inquirer will place the illustrious inventor (or
creator) of the Plum-Pudding. But “impartial,” “dis¬
passionate " ! Is it possible for any person who has once
partaken of this glorious dish to preserve his freedom of
judgment? Will not the. sweet memories of its succulency
bind him forever after ifi allegiance to its original maker.’
Whenever the pudding smokes upon the board, will not his
kindliest sympathies go out towards its unknown concoctor . 7
Or will he—like the mass of mankind—absorb the gift of
genius without a thought for the giver.’
Every schoolboy knows who invented the spinning-jenny,
the stocking-loom, the steam-engine, and Aspinall’s enamel.
We have read all about Pascal and his enamelled pottery—
about Pears and his incomparable soap—about Edison and his
phonograph. A gorgeous college for women perpetuates the
name of the inventor of Holloway’s ointment, and grateful
thousands (it is said) bless the sanative properties of Beecham’s
pills. Yet has anyone—or have all of them—deserved so well
of humanity as the author or authors of the plum-pudding?
I am prepared to admit that the steam-engine has accom¬
plished great changes, great revolutions ; bnfc then, have they
all been for good .' One may venture to hint that, quite
possibly, the world might have done pretty well without it ;
but could the world, or at all events the English, which is a
tolerably large portion of the world, have done without the
plum-pudding? Where would be Christmas.’ For no one can
conceive of Christmas without its pudding : ’twould be like
Sullivan’s music without Gilbert’s libretto, or Mr. Swinburne’s
poetry without its alliterations. But all will agree, I think,
that Christmas is more important than the steam-engine : and
as Christmas, I repeat, could not be without the plum-pudding—
every boy and girl in the country would laugh you to scorn if
you said otherwise!—it is clear that the said pudding
is of greater value than the said engine. Q. E. D., Con¬
sider the enmities which have been dissolved, the jeal¬
ousies which have been extinguished, the misunderstand¬
ings which have been cleared up, the good fellowships which
have been cemented, the happy thoughts which have budded
into life, around the odoriferous Christmas pudding, and you
will begin to appreciate the nature of its claims upon your
regard. Dismiss for a moment your pleasant recollections of
its flavonr and savour, of its agreeableness to the palate and
its gratification to the appetite, its material and sensual side,
and you will be free to recognise that it is something more
than a dish—a viand—an item, however honoured, of the
Christmas menu ; that it is, in fact, a grand moral agent
which, every year, makes for righteousness and the regenera¬
tion of society. I have heard of a pair of lovers composing
their transitory differences under its genial influence, of
hnsband and wife working off “ a tiff.” of rich uncles so softened
by it ns to “ tip” their scapegrace nephews, of philanthropists
impelled to seek out and relieve the puddingless poor, of
politicians inclined to believe in the honesty of their opponents,
of Ritualistic curates taking to their hearts Low Church
vicars—and all owing to the magical effects of this best of
solvents, the plum-pudding !
It is well known that the great ideas of the world arc
never the direct offspring of the ingenious minds which first
give to them a concrete shape or a definite expression. Like
the limbs of Osiris, their different parts are scattered far and
wide, until some fortunate genius sees his way to collect them
and form them into a perfect whole. The idea of the steam-
engine, for instance, had been developed through many
intellects before it culminated in the brain of the Greenock
watchmaker. The seeds of the Reformation were sown by
numerous earnest spirits long before Luther and Calvin came
in to reap the harvest. In all probability, such, too, was the
genesis of the plum-pudding. I can well imagine that it was
at the outset a rude and inchoate affair—like our earth in the
ante-pala'ozoic ages, or lawn-tennis in its green infancy—and
that, like Mrs. Beccher-Stowe’s Topsy, it g rowed. And it
would prove an interesting study, if we had the necessary data,
to trace the successive stages of its evolution—to differentiate
the action of the several minds which, by meditation, study, and
experiment, brought it to its present perfection. Whose, for in¬
stance. was the fortunate inspiration of introducing into the
sweet compound the aroma of “ candied peel ” ? Who, sublimely
daring, first dashed in a modicum of eau-de-vie 7 Who so
cunningly adjusted the proportions of the different materials?
Who suggested the use of spice—hot from the islands of the
Eastern seas ’ Who bniini instead of baked it? This, mark
you, is no trifling question ; for no small measure of the
nnrivailed excellence of our pudding is due to its being boiled.
Wrapoed in its fair white doth, it holds and jealously retains
the various tastes and perfumes which combine to fix its
character, as they are gradually nnd delicately evolved by the
ootion of the ebullient water : whereas, if it were rudely
huddled into an opon dish, and then thrust into a coarse oven,
those fine qualities which constitute its specialty would
evaporate and disappear, and the plum-pudding, dried up
and exhausted, would become a mere rapnt mortuvm , a
timwlaervvt, a shadow of itself ! All these considerations incline
me to believe that the plum-pudding, as we have it now,
tenia atn rot undue, has been the work of several minds.
And, indeed, if yon come to think of it, no one mind could
have given birth to so grand and glorious a creation. A
Shakspeare may create a “ Hamlet,” or a Milton a “ Paradiso
Lost” ; but what is either, in artful and happy complexity, in
exact relation of parts, in cunning elaboration of materials, in
felicitous harmonising of apparently discordant substances,
in the wholesome purpose that pervades the whole, to—the
plum-pudding ? Can you not fancy that many Shakspeares,
many Miltons, have, each in bis day and generation, contributed
something to the consummation and completeness of this
44 heir of the ages,” this glory of the Christmas season ?
Bishop Latimer tells a story of a good fellow who, once
upon a time, bade a friend to breakfast with him, observing,
«• if you will come, you shall be welcome ; but I tell you afore-
hand, you shall have but slender fare—one dish, and that is
all.” “ What is that?” “A pudding, and nothing else.”
“ Marry ! " said the intending guest, “ you cannot please me
better ; of all meats, this is for my own tooth. You may draw
me round the town with a pudding.” This enthusiasm was
excusable, perhaps, if its object were a /i/wwi-pudding. But,
after all, it must never be forgotten that the plum-pudding
has a loftier and purer mission than merely to please the
palate. We have glanced already at its moral side; but it
is also symbolical, historical, geographical, allegorical, and
cryptical! Its very shape—that of a globe or spheroid—
is suggestive, and sets one a-thinkiug of the kosmos,
the mythology of the Hindoos, the “ microcosm ” of
Paracelsus, and other difficult and sublime themes. Then,
its outline is the circle—the emblem of eternity—the magic
ring—the circle of Ulloa, and so forth. Look, for one moment.
at the ingredients. At the egg—what does not that signify to
the thoughtful ? Omnia ab oro —all things from the egg ;
Orpheus speaks of the world as having been hatched from an
egg, and such was the belief of the Phoenicians, the Egyptians,
and other ancient nations; while in all times and places the
egg has been taken as the rudimentary principle of life.
Bread represents the great staple food of civilised peoples ;
raisins, or dried grapes, remind us of the wine which
maketh glad the heart of man; sugar — spice — each
possesses its characteristic property, and each, no doubt,
has its esoteric significance. It would not be difficult, more¬
over, to trace a fine allegory in the use of these various
ingredients, and in their final purification, as by fire, before
they are blended adequately in the general mass. Or, we might
make the pudding the subject of a geographical lecture, and
dwell on the different countries which contribute towards this
magnum opus. But the subject has more possibilities than I
can hope to deal with ; and, indeed, anyone who knows what
has been got by ingenious minds out of a sunflower, will not
hesitate to allow that a very great deal more can be got out of
a plum-pudding. _ W. H. D.-A.
ABOUT SOME GHOSTS.
It is now forty years since the phenomena vouched for by men
and women known ns “Spiritualists” came into existence. In
the month of March, 1848, Miss Kate Fox, a girl of nine years
old, fc and living in the village of Hydesville, New York, was
able to interpret certain mysterious knockings—so runs the
story—and to discover that a murdered man was buried in the
cellar of her father’s house. Then followed, either through
this girl as medium or through other persons who discovered
that they possessed a similar power, a number of strange
occurrences. A person was raised in the air in a crowded
room, in full daylight; a drumstick was seen beating a drum,
with no one near it; a pencil “rose of itself” on a table, and
wrote ; and a human hand, unattached to a body, did the same
thing. Sealed-up letters, written in different languages, were
read and answered by “ mediums” who knew none of them ;
and pianos played without performers. Anon these eerie
manifestations crossed the Atlantic. Tables were broken to
pieces when untouched by mortal hand ; sometimes they
kicked unpleasantly at unbelievers, or rose in the air, and
became “ lighter or heavier at request.” Figures appeared
with dresses from which pieces might be cut that soon melted
away ; and flowers, seemingly real, vanished in the same
fashion. Hand-bells rang of their own accord ; and one, Sir
David Brewster states, came and placed itself in his hand,
while another visited Lord Brougham; and dead friends
returned in “absolute unmistakable living form.”
* These are but a few of the marvels for which “ Spiritualists ”
vouch, and I suppose there are none of us who have not met
with persons who declare that they are in communication with
deceased friends. I knew a physician of considerable repute
who told me that his child-daughter—a child still in the spirit
world—came to him nightly ; and I know a man, bearing
every mark of honesty, who avers that be has been lifted to
the ceiling on his own dining-table, and receives letters from
his dead mother. No doubt, in the good old times for which
some of us sigh, he would have been burnt as a wizard. I am
not going now to discuss the truth or falsehood, the illusions
or the facts, of spiritualism. There are more things in heaven
and earth than are dreamt of in oar philosophy, and this, at
least, seems certain, that if modern ghosts do occasionally
revisit the glimpses of the moon, they are such friendly, com¬
fortable people that they can alarm nobody.
The late Isaac Taylor, alluding to the famous ghost in the
Wesley family, made the suggestion that mischievous spirits
of a low order, and, no doubt, soulless, like* Undine before she
married, do sometimes escape from their confines and play
tricks with mortals. Dr. Henry More, the Platonist, seems to
have held the same opinion, and after hearing of the “ frolic
of some demon,” observes that “ there are as arrant fools out
of the holy as in the body.” This would be a reasonable ex¬
planation of the elfish mischief that rings bells, upsets furni¬
ture, flings bed-clothes upon the floor, and spends the nights
in opening and slamming doors.
Two hundred years ago Joseph Glanvil, F.R.S., Chaplain
to King Charles II., and. in Mr. Lecky’s judgment, our ablest
writer in the defence of the belief in witchcraft, published a
book containing “ full and plain evidence concerning witches
and apparitions evidence, by-the-way. that is far oftener full
than plain. The witch stories are sad enough, and almost
make one wonder how any poor woman with an unscrupulous
enemy in the world ever escaped a witch's doom. The ghosts
in those days seem to have been troublesome, but they did not
kill or materially injure the victims of their sport. Still, a
ghost like the “demon of Tedworth,” of which we have a
minute account in the chaplain's book, could not have been
a desirable inmate of a well-regulated family. Mr. Mompesson,
the master of the house, had a drum under his care which had
been taken from a drummer detected in a cheat. It was the
most lively instrument imaginable, and, without being moved
from its place, played at night all over the house. The drum
wras not wanting in politeness, for when Mrs. Mompesson was
confined it remained quiet. After her recovery, the noises
began again, and not only did the drum beat all the tunes then
familiar ••as well as any drummer,” but the spirit began to
lift the children out of their beds, and the servants also.
Moreover, it threw an old gentlewoman’s clothes about the
room nnd hid her Bible in the ashes, flung a manservant's
shoes at his head, and was heard to pant like a dog out of
breath or to purr like a cat. Then wc read how a board came
up to a manservant who called it; how Mr. Mompesson found
his horse with “one of his hinder legs in his mouth and
so fastened there that it was difficult for several men to
get it out with a lever,” and how, in sight of all the company
“the chairs walked about the room of themselves, the
children’s shoes were hurled over their heads, and every loose
thing moved about the chamber.”
Glanvil’s strange book contains stories of men carried up
into the air, of furniture “ rudely scattered on the floor " by
an unseen power, of a tobacco-pipe and a knife moving of
their own accord, of a saddle that would “ hop about the house
from one place to another,” of bed-clothes tugged and pulled_
this seem* a standard joke with these lively spirits—and of “ a
naked hand and an arm from the elbow down beating upon the
floor till the house did shake again.” There is also in GlanviTs
collection of ghost-stories an account of the “ strange passages”
that happened at Woodstock in 1649. in which the ghost known
as - the good devil of Woodstock ” singularly favoured the
Royalists. Unfortunately, for the credit of spirits, this devil
as Sir Walter Scott relates, was a man called Funny Joe ; but
it is not at all clear how he could with any amount of
assistance have done without detection some of the feats
recorded.
With ghosts and their achievements generally I have
nothing to do just now, and so I will pass from the year 106],
when Mompesson’s ghost made its appearance, to the year
1716, when a similar, but much more famous, ghost excited
the attention of the Wesley family.
There never was a domestic ghost more curiously and care¬
fully watched than “ Jeffrey.” A large family was engaged
for weeks in listening to his performances, and there seems to
have been little fear of this uninvited guest. It was a mis¬
chievous spirit of the kind that troubled Mompesson, a very noisy
ghost, full of fun and fond of what is called horseplay. Now
it would come to the bedside and gobble like a turkey-cock ;
now it would walk about invisible in a rustling gown, or
shake the whole house as it went up the stairs ; now, being an
adherent of the Stuarts, it would object by a violent knocking
to Mr. Wesley’s prayer for King William ; now it seemed
to Mrs. Wesley as if somebody had emptied a bag of money at
her feet; now it appeared to one of the Wesley girls as a man
with a loose nightgown trailing after him; and now. ns the
young ladies were sitting on a bed playing at cards, it lifted
the bed up several times and spoilt their game. Like the
spirits known in our day, if it were addressed it would
answer by knocking ; but alas ! no alphabet for ghosts had
then been discovered, and what the restless phantom wanted
will never he known.
Some attempts, very unsuccessful I think, have been made
to account for “ Jeffrey.” Coleridge thought the whole thing wns
merely a contagious fancy and that there was no objective
reality in the noises. But, we must remember, that in this
case the presence of the ghost was announced not by hearing
only, but by feeling, and, though less certainly, by sight.
Samuel Wesley, the elder brother of John, and a man of
shrewd sense, asked for the testimony of two senses, while ad¬
mitting that it was morally impossible the hearing of so
many people could be deceived. And not only was
a queer shape seen more than once, but a plate danced
upon the table, and old Mr. Wesley was three
times pushed against by an invisible power. Doors, too, were
thrown open, the door-latches were moved swiftly up and
down, and the young children of the family trembled violently
in their sleep. It is worth noting that “Jeffrey’’and the Mom¬
pesson ghost seem to have played the greatest freaks before
the most ignorant members of the two families, the men-
servants in each case telling the strangest stories; but in the
Wesley family the noises were rarely accompanied by such
acts of mischief as Glanvil records. Many years ago an
attempt was nnode— by Dr. Salmon, in the Fortnightly
Ferine—to account, in a very mundane way, for the rappings
of the Epworth Ghost; and his argument, suggesting that
the whole affair was due to one of the daughters of the house,
is certainly ingenious. But it is simply impossible that the
noises, if accurately reported, could have been made by Hetty
Wesley ; nnd, if it were not impossible, it is wholly beyond
belief that a girl of nineteen, brought up to reverence her
parents, would have dared to practise such dangerous tricks
upon them. The modern “ spiritualist ” will find, I suppose,
no difficulty in explaining a story which, according to Dr.
Priestley, is, “ perhaps, the best authenticated of the kind any¬
where extant”; but most readers of the curious narrative
will probably be inclined to agree with (he reply of Samuel
Wesley, when his mother asked if he could suggest an ex¬
planation : “ Wit, I fancy, might find many ; but wisdom,
none.” J • D.
The Rev. H. E. J. Bevan, Rector of Sfc. Andrew’s, Stoke
Newington, has been appointed Gresham Lecturer in Divinity,
in the room of the late Dean of Chichester.
Mr. Justice Denman and Mr. Justice A. L. Smith will be
the Christmas Vacation Judges. There will be no sittings in
court during the vacation.
The Marquis of Salisbury has granted a reduction of
twenty per cent off the half-year's rents of the agricultural
tenants on his Hertfordshire estates.
The historic rnins of Kirkstall Abbey, near Leeds, have
been sold to a number of gentlemen of Leeds for £10,000, and
the Abbey House for £3500. The ruins, which are enclosed
in twelve acres of land, will be retained for the use of tbo
public.
At the annual meeting of the Society of Medalists, the
Hon. C. W. Fremantle, Deputy Master of the Mint, was re¬
elected President, and Mr. R. Stuart Poole and Mr. H. A.
Gruebcr. of the British Museum, hon. secretaries. The society
determined to offer in 1889 two prizes of the value of £25 and
£1U for medals or models of medals in bronze and plaster.
Messrs. Charles Letts and Co., of 3, Royal Exchange, arc to
the fore again with their Diaries for 1889, of various forms
and sizes, arranged so as to meet the requirements of nearly
every class, and containing valuable information on subjects
of daily life. They are all strongly bound, and practical use*
fulness seems to have been the chief aim of the publishers.
The annual distribution of medals and prizes to the students
of the West London School of Art took place at Great Titch-
field-street on Dec. 14, Mr. G. A. Thrupp, Chairman of the
School Committee, presiding. The report, as read by the head¬
master, Mr. John Parker, showed the school to be in a satis¬
factory condition. In the national art competition their
successes were more numerous during the past year than they
had ever been. Mr. Seymour Lucas, A.R.A., distributed tho
prizes.
Mr. Robert Field presided on Dec. 14 over the half-yearly
general court and election of the Royal Asylum of St Annes
Society, held at the Cannon-street Hotel, when twei)ty* fi 7 e
children—fifteen boys and ten girlB—were elected, 'lhe in¬
stitution is the only charity which aims at the relief
who, once in prosperous circumstances, find themselves reduced
from affluence to indigence. To them the society offers help
in the maintenance and education of their children.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
A Fable :
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ibtw house on '
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^|i3 mother was a jooor but borers'
Toot sty on'fkc Stairs i
Hi took the house , and gave th e Qtr'm a nice c/raugbtg
roam all fe himself, ? petted him up,
and mads out a pedigree of respect- \'\J!/>
able Ghost ancestors dor him, .. 'p{£S&f s \
and invited a fef of
to corns? suh»» ^
J-\nd ty degrees Hit Jitfli chap '
lost /iis bang-dog look, and Jot
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9\
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
744 _
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.
BY WALTER BESANT,
CHAPTER XLVIJ.
it,” said Burnaby, on
the third morning—
tlip weather continu¬
ing line and the sea
clear of ships -"that
we are now clear out
of the track of any
British vessels. We
may fall into the
hands of the
Spaniard; but he is
mild and merciful of
lute compared with
liis temper a hundred
years ago. ’Tis true
we have given him
many lessons in hu¬
manity. We should
now before nightfall
make the islands of
Testigos; hut I think
they are only rocks
and sandy flats, such
■ they call Keys,
here we need not
land, seeing that wo
-hould get nothing
by so doing, except
to go out of the way. and so make the rations shorter.
Robin ”—'twas at breakfast, when he served out a dram
of wine to everyone—"! drink to thy better health, lad.
Thou hast cheated the Devil. Nay, His, look not so angry
I meant, thou wilt not go to heaven this bout. Up heart,
then, and get strong ! We will find thee another sweetheart,
who shall make thee lift up thy head again. What t Is there
but oue woman in the world
“ 1 was saying, then,” he went on, “ that we shall presently
make the islands of Testigos. There followeth thereafter, to
one who steereth west, a swarm of little islands. ’Twas here
that the pirates used to lie in the good old days, snug and
retired, with their girls and their drink. Ay, and plenty of
both: A happy time they had ! ” Haniaby wagged his head
and sighed. "Houth of this archipelago (which I will some
day visit, in order to search for treasure) there lieth the great
and mountainous island of Margaritos. This great island wc
shall do well to keep upon our south, and so bear away to the
desert island of Tort uga, where we. shall find water for certain—
and that, I have b un told, the best spring water that flows;
turtles we may also find, and flsli we may catch; and when we
have recovered our strength, with a few day's’ rest ashore, we
will once more put to sea and make for the "island of Curasao
and the protection of the Dutchmen.”
It needs not to tell much more about the voyage, in which
we were favoured by Heaven with everything that we could
desire —a steady breeze from the best quarter, a sea never too
rough, provisions in sufficiency, the absence of any ships, and,
above all, the recovery of Robin.
I say, then, that we sighted (and presently passed) the
group of islets called the Testigos; that we coasted along the
great island of Margaritos, where we landed not. because
Burnaby feared that certain smoke which we saw might be¬
token the presence of the Spaniard, whom, in spite of Ilia new
character lor mildness, he was anxious to avoid. ’Tis strange
thus to sail along the shore of a great islaud whereon arc' no
inhabitants, or. if any', a few sailors put in for water, for
turtle, and for co onnuts—to see afar off the forests climbing
round the luountuiu sides, the waterfalls leaping over the
precipices—and to think of the happy life one might lead in
such a place, far front men and their ways. I confess (since
my Mi-tress will never see this page) that my thoughts for a
whole day, while we sailed along the shores of Margaritos,
tunud upon those pirates of whom Burnaby spoke. They'
lived here at ease, and in great happiness. ’Tis of
such a life that a man sometimes dreams. But if he were
suffered so to lie in sloth, farewell heaven ! Farewell
future hopes Farewell our old talk of lifting the soul above
the flesh 1 Let us he.forth live the lives of those who are
content (since they can have no more) with a few years of love
and wine aud revelry ! It is in climates like that "of the West
Indies that such a temptation seizes on men the most strongly,
for hem everything is made for man’s enjoyment: here is no
cold, no foist, no snow or ice; here eternal summer reigns,
and the world seems mndc for the senses aud for nothing else,
t if these* eonfessions enough. ’T was impossible that in such
a luxurious dream the image of Alice could have any part.
We landed, therefore, on the desert islaud of Tortuga,
where we remained for several day s, hauling up our boat aud
covering her with branches to keep off the sun. Here we
lived luxuriously upon turtle, fresh fish, the remains of our
bread, and what was left of our canary ; setting up huts in
which we could sleep, and finding water of the freshest and
brightest I ever saw. Here Robin mended apace and began to
walk about with no more help from his nurses.
We were minded, ns I have said, to sail as far as the island
of Curasao, hut an Occident prevented this.
One due, when we had been ashore for ten days or there¬
about-. we we're terrified by the sight of a small vessel rigged
in the fashion of a ketch- that is, with a small miz.cn— beating
about out-ide the bay which is the only port of Tortuga.
"She will put in here." said Burnaby. “That is most
certain. Now, from the cut of her she is of New England
build, and from the handling of her she is under-manned; and
I think tlml we have nothing to fear from her, unless she is
bound for Barbados, or for Grenada, or Jamaica."
Presently the vessel came to anchor, and a small boat
wa- lowered, into which three men descended. They were
unarmed.
"She is certainly from New England,” said Bnmaby.
“Well, they are not from Barbados in quest of us, otherwise
thev would’ not send ashore three unarmed men to capture
four desperate men. That is c ertain. And as wc cannot hide
our bout, though we might hide ourselves, I will e’en go forth
and parlev with these strangers.”
This he did, we watching from n safe place. The eon-
venation wa* long and eaniest, anel, apparently, frieuelly.
Presently Burnaby returned to us.
>• There offers,” he said, *• a chance which is perhaps better
than to make for Curayan, when', after all. we- might get scurvy
treatment. These men, in a word, nre privateers ; or, store we
are at war with none, they are pirates. They fitted out a
brigantine, or Inlander 11 know not which), and designed to
mil nuinil Cairn Horn to attack the Spaniard on tile South
Seas, i in the way they took a prize, winch you now see in the
•AU. nights lltMtrvtd,
bay. Six men were sent aboard to navigate her as n tender to
their ship. But they fell into buel weather off Brazil, and their
ship went down with all hands. Now they are bound for Pro¬
vidence, only four hands left, and they will take us aboard
aud carry us to that island for our sendees. Truly, I think
we should go. They have provisions in plenty, with Madeira
wine; and Providence is too far for the arm of King James to
reach. What say ye all? Alice, what sayest thou r ”
“Truly, Brother, i say nothing.”
” Then we will agree, aud go with them.”
We went on board, taking with us a good supply of turtle,
clear water, and cocoanuts (being all that the isle afforded).
Honest fellows wc found oeer pirates to be. Tlicy belonged to
the island of Providence, in the Bahamas, which bath long
been the rendezvous of English privateers. Ten years before
this the' Spaniards plueked up courage to attack anel destroy
the settlement, when those who escaped destruction found
shelter in some of the aeljocent islands, or on the mainland of
Virginia. Now some of them have come back again, and this
settlement, or colony, is re-established.
Thither, therefore, we sailed. It seemed as if we were
become a mere shuttlecock of fortune, beaten and driven
hither aud thither upon the face of the earth.
CHAPTER XLVIII.
THE ISLAND OF PROVIDENCE.
It was some time in the month of March, *.n. 1686, that
we landed in Providenee. The settlement—from which the
Spaniards had now nothing to fear—then consisted (it is now,
I learn, much larger) of no more than one hundred and fifty
people in all. the men being all sailors, and ready to carry
on again the old trade of privateer or pirate, as you please to
call it, when they should be strong enough to buy or hire a
ship anel to equip her.
We stayed on the island for two years and a quarter. or
thereabouts. It is oue of an archipe’lago, for the most part. I
believe, desert. The settlement was, as I have saiel, but a
small oue, living in scattered house’s; there were plenty eif
these to spare (which had belonged to the former settlement)
if oue only took the trouble to clear away the creeping plants
and cut etown the trees which had grown up round them
since the Spaniarels came and destroyed the colony. Such a
house, built of wood, with a shingle roof, wc found convenient
for us; and after wc had cleared the ground round it and
repaired it, wc lived in it. Some of the people helped ns to a
porker or two and some chickens. They also gave us some
salt beef and maize to start with. That wc had little money
(only wlmt was left over from the sale of Alice’s ring! made
no difference to us here, because no one had any at all, and at
this time there was neither buying nor selling on the island—
a happy condition of things which will not, I take it, last long.
•So great is tile fertility of the ground here, and such is the
abundance which prevails, that we very shortly found our¬
selves provided with all that we wanted to make life pleasant.
Work there was for us, but easy aud pleasant work, such as
weeding our patches of vegetables and fruit in the early
mornings : or going to fish ; or planting maize ; or attending
to our pigs, poultry, and turkeys ; and, for the rest of the
time, sitting in the shade conversing. It is never too hot in
this place, though one would not in the summer walk abroad
at noon: nor is it ever too cold. All tlie fruits which flourish
under the tropics grow here, with those also which belong to
the temperate zone. Here are splendid forests where you can
cut the mahogany-tree and build your house if you please
of that lovely wood. Here we ourselves grew, for our own use,
maize, tobacco, coffee, cocoa, plantains, pines, potatoes, and
many other fruits and vegetables.
Burnaby soon grew tired of this quiet life, and went on
board a steamer bound for New England, promising that we
should hear from him. After many months we did receive a
letter from him, as you shall immediately learn. When lie was
gone we carried on a quiet and peaceful life. Books, paper,
aud pea there were none upon this island. Nor were there any
clothes, so that the raggedness of our attire (we were dressed
in the sailors’ clothes our friends the privateers gave us)
became incredible. I made some kind of guitar on which we
played, and in the evening we would have very good playing
anil singing together of such pieces and songs as we could
remember. 1 made verses, too, for amusement, and Alice
learned them. We found our brother-settlers a rough but
honest folk, to whom we taught many arts: how to procure
sea-salt; liow to make wine from pine-apples; how to cure
the tobacco-leaf-things which greatly added to tl.eir comfort,
and, seeing that there was no church on the island, we every
Snblmth held a meeting for prayer and exhortation.
Seeing, then, that we had all that man could desire—with
perfect freedom from anxiety, our liberty, u delightful
climate, plenty to eat and drink—ay. and of the very la st —
and that at home there was nothing for us but prison again,
and to be sent back to the plage whence we had escaped: we
ought, everyone will acknowledge, to have felt the greatest
contentment and gratitude for this sure and quiet refuge. We
did not. The only contented members of our household were
John Nut hull and the woman Deb, who cheerfully cultivated
the garden and fed the poultry and the pigs (for wc had now
everything around us that is wanting to make life plea-ant).
Yet, I say, we were not contented. I could rend tile signs of im¬
patience in the face whose changes 1 lind studied for so long
Other women would have shown their discontent in ill-temper
and a shrewish tongue, Alice showed hers in silence, sitting
a|>art, and communing with herself. I dare say I also showed
my owu discontent; for I confess that I now began to long
vehemently for books. Consider, it was more than two years
since I had seen a book .' There were no books at all on the
island of Providence—not one book, except a Bible or two,
and, perhaps, a Book of Common Prayer. I longed, there¬
fore, for tlie smell of leather bindings, the sight of books on
shelves, and the holy company of the wise and the ingenious.
No one, again, could look upon Robin without perceiving that
he was ufflieted with a constant yearning for that which lie
could riot have. What that was I understood very well,
although he never opened his mind unto me.
Now, I Confess that at this time I was grievously tormented
with tlie thought that, Alice's marriage having been no true
marriage—because, first, she was betrayed and deceived, and
next, she had left her husband at the very church porch—there
was no reason in the world why she should not disregard that
ceremony altogether, and contract a marriage after her own
heart. 1 turned this over in my mind n long while; aud.
indeed, I am still of the opinion that there would have been
nothing sinful in such an act. But the law of our country
would not so regard it. 'Hint is quite true. If, therefore, I
had advised these unhappy lovers in such a sense, they would
have been compelled to live for the rest of their lives "on this
island, and their offspring would have been illegitimate. So
that, though the letter of the law caused a most cruel injustice—
mm,mini )iu, mm mum nrfas —it was better that it should lie
obeyed. In the end, it was a most happy circumstance that it
was so obeyed.
1 have presently to relate the means by which this injustice
was removed. As for my own share in it, I shall neither
DEC. 22, 1888
exaggerate nor 6liall I extenuate it. 1 shall not defend it I
will simply set it down, and leave judgment to a higher
Court than the opinion of those who read these pages. I nfust
however, acknowledge that, partly in Barbados and partly on
Providenee, T learned from the uegresses, who possess manv
secrets, and have a wonderful knowledge of plants and their
powers, the simple remedies with which they treat fevers
agues, rheumatisms, and other common disorders. 1 sav
simple, because they will, with a single cup of liquor boiled
with certain leaves, or with a pinch of some potent powder
gotten from a plant, effect a speedier cure than our longest
prescriptions, even though they contain more than fifty
different ingredients. Had 1 possessed this knowledge, for
example, while we lay in Exeter Jail, not one prisoner (exceDt
the old and feeble) should have (lied of the fever. This said,
you will understand presently what it was I did.
It was, then, about the month of March, in the year 1688
that a ship, laden with wine, and hound from New York to
Jamaica, put in at the port of Providence. Her Captain
carried a letter for me, and this was the first news of the world
that came to us since our flight.
The letter was from Barnaby. It was short, because
Bamaby had never practised the art of letter-writing; but it
was pertinent. First, be told us that he had made the
acquaintance at Boston (I mean the little town Boston of
New England) of his cousins, whom he found to be substantial
merchants (so that here, at least, the man George Pcime lied
not) and zealous upholders of the Independent, way of think¬
ing ; that these cousins had given him a hearty welcome for
the soke of liis father; flint he had learned from them, first,
that the Monmouth business was long since concluded, and’,
so great was the public indignation against the cruelties of the
Bloody Assize, that no one would again be molested on that
account, not even those who had been sent abroad should they
venture to return. He also said—but this we understood not—
that it was thought things would before long improve.
“And now,” he concluded, ”my cousins, finding that I
am well skilled and have already navigated a ship with credit,
have made me Captain of their own vessel, the Pilgrim, which
sails everv year to Bristol mul bac k again. She will be dis¬
patched m the month of August or September. Come, there¬
fore, by tlie first ship whic h will set you ashore either nt New
York or at Boston, and I will give you all a passage home.
Afterwards, if you find not a welcome there, you may come
back with me. Here a physician may find practice, Robin may
find a farm, and sister will be safe from B. IS.”
At this proposal we pricked tip onr ears, as yon may very
well believe. Finally, we resolved to agree to it, promising
each other to protect Alice from her husband and to go back
to Boston with Barnaby if we found no reason to stay-
in England. But the woman Deb, though she wept at
leaving her mistress, would not go back to the place where
her past wickedness might be remembered, anel Joira Nut-
haU was also unwilling, for tlie same reason, to return : and,
as this honest couple had now a kindness for each other, I
advised them to marry and remain where they were. There
was on the island no minister of religion, nor any magistrate
or form of government whatever (yet aU were honest), there¬
fore I ventured to hear their vows of fidelity and prayed with
them while I joined tlieir hands—a form of marriage, to my
mind, as binding and as sacred as any wanting the assistance
of a priest. So we handed over to them all our property
(which was already as much theirs as ours) and left them in
that sunny and delightful place. If the man was a repentant
thief, the woman was a repentant Magdalen, and so they were
well matched. I hope and believe that, being well resolved for
the future, they may have led a godly and virtuous life, and
been blessed with children who will never learn the reason why
tlieir parents left their native country.
There is little trade at Providence, but ninny vessels touch
nt the port, because it lies between the English possessions in
America and those in the West Indies. They put in ic r water,
for fruit, mid sometimes, if they are short-handed, lor men,
most of them in the place being sailors. Therefore we had
not to wait long before a vessel put in bound from Jamaica to
New York. We bargained with the Captain for a passage,
agreeing that lie should find us provisions and wine, and that
we would pay him (by means of Burnaby) on our reaching
Boston (which is but a short distance from New York). Strange
to say. though we liad been discontented with our lot. when
we sailed away, Alice fell to weeping. We had murmured, and
our murmuring was heard. We shall now live out what is
left to us in England, and we shall die mid be buried among
our own folk. Yet there are times when 1 remember the
sweet and tranquil life we led in tlie island of 1 Providence, its
soft and sunny air. the cool sea-breeze, the shade of its orange
groves, and the fruits which grew in such abundance ready
to our hands.
CHAPTER XLIX.
HOME.
In one thing alone the villain Penne spoke tlie truth. The
Eykin family of Boston (I say iq.a u of New England) was one
of the most considerable in tlie place—great sticklers for
freedom and for religion (but, indeed, it is a most God-fearing
town, and severe towards transgressors). They received us
with so mui li kindness that nothing could surpass it; we were
treated as Christian martyrs at the least, and towards Alice,
of whose cruel lot thev had heard from Barnaby. they showed
(but that no one could help) an affec tion quite uncommon.
Thev gencrouslv furnished us all with apparel becoming oar
station, mul with money for our dnilv occasions: they approved
of our going with Barnaby ; but, in the event of our finding no
wcl oaie nr means of n livelihood nt home, and if Alice should
lie molested by her husband, they e ngaged us to return to
New England." Here, they said, Robin might become a
farmer, if lie had no inclination for trade; they would joyfully
receive Alic e to live with them ; and I myself would certainly
find practice ns a physic-inn ; while Barnaby should continue
to command their ship." When I considered the ninny conn in¬
dices whic h exist in Boston (it is already, though young, better
provided with everything than Barbados) the wholesome air
mid pleasant c limate, the Hooks which are there, the printing
press which hath already been established, the learned ministers,
the college, tile schools, mid tlie freedom of religion. I should
have been nothing loth to remain there. But I was constrained
first to go home. I found also, which astonished me. so great
a love of liberty that the people spook slightingly of J“ e
English at home, who tamely suffer the disabilities of the
Nonconformists and the prerogative of the Crown; and they
ask whv, when the country had succeeded in establishing a
Commonwealth, thev could'not keep it ? It certainly cannot
be denied, as they Argue, that Israel acted against the will oi
the Lord in seeking a king. ,
So wc left them. But in how changed a condition did we
now cross the orcan! Instead of huddling in a noisome una
stinking dungeon, unclean for want of water, ill-fed, und wrt"
no change of raiment, we had now comfortable cabins, clothe^
such ns become a gentleman, and food of the best. Aria
Bamaby, who had then sat humbly in the waist, where rne
prisoners were confined, now walked the quarter-deck— a lae»ja
D
DEC. 22, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
INDIAN ART POTTERY.
The ornamentation of vases with designs illustrating the scenes
and figures of antique myth¬
ology is an application of Fine
Art truly classical, practised
by the Egyptians, the As¬
syrians, the Creeks, and the
Etrnscans, in early periods of
civilisation ; and in India, in
China, and in Japan, with a
degree of taste and ingenuity,
especially in the colouring,
and with a fertility of in¬
vention in design and in decor¬
ation, that can only beadmired,
and can scarcely be imitated,
by any modern manufactures.
A set of beautiful vases re¬
cently made in India, to be
presented to her Majesty
Queen Victoria, Empress of
India, and to Princess Beatrice,
proves that the eye and band,
the prolific fancy, the here¬
ditary skill and traditional
learning of our Asiatic fellow-
subjects—a race endowed with
some intellectual talents in a
degree not excelled by any
nation of mankind—have not
yet lost their power. We have
perused with much gratifica¬
tion a short treatise of twenty
‘■“'“'iNu.AM S»u™Sr ° 1U 5," art 9 £»*“.. b y
r ramjee Festonjee Bhumpara,
of Ma'lras and Bombay, in which he explains the subjects
repi-es’ntal by the designs on these exquisite examples of
Indian artistic pottery. They are taken from that wonderfnl
epic poem, the “ Ramayana,” known to all competent scholars
of comparative mythology and poetry, which is quite as
important to the student of Indian thought and national life
as Homer's “Iliad” to the student of Hellenic art and
literature. This poem, which can now be read in English
by those who do not happen to be acquainted with Sanscrit,
relates the heroic adventures and exploits of Rama, one of the
avatar incarnations of the Hod Vishnu, the Divine Preserver;
there have been three llamas, but the one here glorified is
Rdma Chandra, the son of Dasaratha, a Prince of the Solar
dynasty, reigning somewhere in Chide (Ayodhva). In the judg¬
ment of Professor Sir Monier Williams, the better part of the
Ramayana was current in India so early as the fifth century
before Christ; it was compiled into its existing form probably
by an Indian Homer, named Valmiki, who arranged it in seven
books, containing 24,000 couplets of verse. We read the life
of Prince Rama, his banishment to the forests of Central
India, and how he was
deprived of his wife Sita,
and how, like the valiant
hero that he was, being
the divine institutor of
the Indian military caste,
the Kshatriyas, who are
still extant among the
native soldiery of our
Indian Empire, he set
forth to make war against
the Demon-Giants of the
South, whose cruel and
lustful chief, Rfivana,
King of Ceylon, the
enemy of the Gods, had
carried off the fair Sita,
thousand miles
„ the air. The
premc Creator, Brah-
, had long tolerated
the insolence of Ravana,
until the benevolent
Vishnn, the protector of
mankind, with his wife
Lakshmi sitting on his
knees, pleaded with the
Almighty Creator, and
was permitted to save
the world by incarnating
his own soul in Rama,
and then becoming the
champion of justice. Is
not this a noble religious
story for Aryan heathen¬
dom ? So Rama, at first
accompanied by his
VA rxr-v 3 v? I imm’ piT TI1 ? G " V'„ D „ ™ SFKH ' brother Lakshmana. who
mV BixMo mic rosi. slew Indrajit, one of the
sons of Ravana, a warrior
driving a chariot drawn by four tigers and a potent magician,
performed the work of deliverance. In this he was aided by
Hanuman, son of the Wind God, an impersonation of swift
agility, who assumed the form of a monkey, could make him¬
self of vast size or small, aud could leap across the strait from
IW.
1 ' , I through
ii-7 Supreme
W bar
India to Ceylon. Nothing so grandly fantastic as this mar¬
vellous allegory is to be found in Oriental or European fable.
It has a profound significance, philosophical and historical,
for the instructed Hindoo ; and its recital by village patriarchs,
or by wandering bards, is still the delight of an imaginative
people. The episodes of the main narrative—which is a genuine
national epic, signifying the advance of Aryan civilisation
from the Ganges to Southern India, and the conquest of
tribal savagery—are incidents of much romantic interest.
One is the story of Princess Draupadi, who is also the heroine
of another grand ancient Indian poem, the “ Mahabharata ” : she
was the lovely daughter of Drupada, ruler of the Panchala
Kingdom, and Bhe had five husbands at once, who were
brothers, sons of the great warrior Panda and generals of the
army. There is the essence of many tales of chivalry and
“ Idylls of the King ” in this story, which describes a “ Con¬
ference” or Tournament at the Royal Court, according tn the
rules of the Swayamvara, when the Princess was to be given as
a prise to the best archer : he whose arrow went through the
ring and hit the eye of the golden fish was to wed the peerless
beauty, who stood by the lists arrayed in brilliant jewels.
Rama offered to shoot for her, but his rank as a Prince was
then concealed, and the Princess, in her pride of birth, refused
to allow him ; she was therefore won by Arjuna, for himself
jointly with his four brothers. These were afterwards detected
as impo6torB by her own Royal brother, and the consequence
was a sanguinary war. Such are a few of the legendary tales
of ancient India, which certainly bear comparison with those
of ancient Greece.
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION.
Another Sketch by Lieutenant Walter C. Blair, of tho
24th Punjanh Infantry, with the third column of troops sent
np the Black Mountain highlands in October to chastise the
hostile confederation of warlike tribes, is engraved for our
Journal this week. It represents the appearance of some of
the mountaineers who had been taken prisoners of war and
brought to the Oghi Fort, not very far from the military
station of Abbotabad, in the district of Hazara, north of the
Punjanb. The rapid suppression of this revolt on our Indian
frontier, and the equally arduous and dexterous performance
of the Sikkim force in repelling the Thibetan aggression, lend
the lustre of successful military services to the close of Lord
__ 717
ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION
At a meeting of this institution held on Thursday Dee 1!
its house, John-street, Adelphi, the snm of £2.>0 was voted
aid of the local funds for the relief of the widow of ,T
0 f., th t cr ?" r of tho Stoitbe* lifeboat, who lost
life when the lifeboat was overwhelmed by a very heavv
during the severe storm experienced on Nov. 27, lie and t
others of the crew having made for tho shore when they w
th^Ge bonV• th \ b0at: ,J 3 eaCh '™ a to the crew
tae iife-boat in acknowledgment of the risk and exposure
whioh they were subjected. The behaviour of the life-b.
under the exceptionally trying circumstances gave ent
satisfaction to the crew, whose confidence in the boat has bt
increased since the disaster. She arrived in safety at Middl
borough in tow of the steamer Ethel, of Stockton, with i
remainder of her crew and the three fishermen she went
succour. Rewards amounting to £1188 were granted tot
crews of life-boats of the institution for services iendci
during November, in which period they were insti
mental in saving no less than 248 lives. The thanks of i
institution inscribed on vellum were voted to Mr. G. II. Gris
chief officer of II.M. Coastguard at Portrush. Ireland, a
other rewards to the crews of shore-boats and others for eavi
life from wrecks on our coasts. Altogether, dnring the currt
year, the institntion has granted rewards for saving 772 li\
by life-boats and other means. Payments, amounting
£2439 were ordered to be made on the 293 life-boat establif
ments of the institution. Among the contributions recenl
received were £500 from Heath Harrison. Esq., of Liverpc
and Eastbam, for the Campelltown new life-boat, the Ma
Adelaide Harrison ; £100 from George Hilder, Esq., live : a
£71 13s. 7d. from the Independent Order of Odd Folio
(Manchester Unity), on behalf of the support of their li:
boat at Grimsby.
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
The annual general meeting of the Royal Agricultural Socie
of England was held, on Dec. 13, in Hanover-square. presid
over (in the absence of the Prince of Wales) by the Earl
Feversham, who congratulated the members of the society
the position it had attained on the eve of the Jubilee yes
when her Majesty had consented to become president.
Mr. Ernest Clarke (secretary) read a summary of t
THE HLACK MOUNTAIN EXPEDITION ! PRISONERS IN THE FORT OF OGIII, HAZARA.
Dufferm’s popular Indian administration. Upper Burmah,
however, is still troubled by predatory bands of “ dacoits ” ;
and an expedition against the Kachj'ens, to the north-east of
that province, was to start from Mogoung at the beginning of
the year. Another expedition, under Brigadier-General Collett,
proceeds by way of Mobye to Sawlon against the Red Karens.
Mr. Stormoutli Darling. M.P., Solicitor-General for Scotland,
has been created a Queen’s Counsel.
An excellent evening concert, in aid of the funds of the
Volunteer Medical Staff Corps (London Division), was held on
Tuesday, Dec. 18, at the Steinway Hall.
An entertainment recently given at St. Andrew’s Hall, in
aid of a fund for providing the poor of St. Pancras with
Christmas dinners, was a great success, realising £105.
The court of the Cordwainers Company have, in addition
to their present exhibitions, established an extra one of £25
per annum, tenable for five years for a scholar at Oxford or
Cambridge in actual residence, .and have elected a scholar of
Hertford College. Oxford, as the first exhibitioner.
The first performance of the Latin play annually given by
the Westminster “ boys ’’ took place on Dec. 13 in the great
dormitory of St. Peter’s College. The play was repeated on
the 17th and the 19th with a prologue and with the modern
comic epilogue bristling with topical references. The old
comedy this year is the “ Trinummus ” of Plautus.
At a meeting of the Arts Committee of the Liverpool City
Council, on Dec. 13, Sir Janies Picton. the chairman, said the
price agreed upon for Sir Frederic Leighton's picture “Captive
Andromache,” bought for the Liverpool Corporation Exhibition,
was £4000, which included the copyright, half of the money
to be paid down and half three months after delivery of the
picture. Sir Frederic desires to send the picture to Berlin to
be reproduced in photogravure, and it would not be returned
for twelve months.
The newspapers have recently said a good deal about the
injury of cigarette-smoking, in which there was doubtless
wisdom, but we cannot help thinking a deal of the harm that
is contracted arises quite as much from the effects of the
paper used (which Bticks most unpleasantly to the lips) as
from the tobacco used in the manufacture. By a patent lately
introduced by Messrs. Philip Morris and Co. all this harm is
averted, the end or mouth-piece of their cigarette being neatly
cased in thin cork. Their patent is called “ The cork-tipped
cigarette,” and will doubtless be much appreciated by smokers.
annual report of the council, which stated that since the con
mencement of the Queen’s year of office as president of tl
society a very large and encouraging accession had taken plac
of new governors and members. The half-yearly statement c
accounts to June 30 last showed that the funded proper!
of the society had increased from £25,885 to £30,00<
In the chemical department there had been more tha
the usual amount of analytical work carried on in th
laboratory, the total number of analyses made being 1653, a
against 1615 last year. Daring the j’ear inquiries had bee
received by the consulting entomologist respecting the lift
history of no fewer than forty-five different kinds of insect
injurious to crops, and as to means of prevention and reniedie
against their attacks. Concerning these, 1200 letters had bee:
sent, besides numerous copies of leaflets giving informatioi
upon the ox warble-fly and other pests. With regard to th
last meeting, held at Nottingham, the report stated that it wa
in every way a great success, although the weather was not a
all favourable. The number of persons who passed the turn
stiles was 147,927, which had only been three times exceeded—
at Manchester (1869), at Birmingham (1876), and at Kilbun
(1879). The accounts had not yet been finally adjusted, bu
they showed a surplus of receipts over expenditure of £4000.
Mr. Clare Sewell Read moved the adoption of the report
and said a more satisfactory one in the sad agricultural times
which prevailed it had not been his fortune to read for man)
years. Mr. Gibbons seconded, and Surgeon-General Ince. Mr
\V. Botly, and Mr. Thomas Duckham supported the resolution
the last named remarking that it was a matter of great satis¬
faction that, owing to the excellent regulations of the Privy
Council for checking infectious diseases among animals, there
had not been a single case of foot-and-mouth disease since
October, 1885, although during forty years previously the
nation had never been free from it. Mr. J. K. Fowler also
spoke to the resolution, which was carried, and the meeting
concluded with a vote of thanks to the chairman.
Lord Balfour of Burleigh has been appointed Secretary of
the Board of Trade, in the room of the Earl of Onslow.
Owing to the condition of the Mansion House consequent
upon the drainage works now in operation, the Lord Mayor
finds that it will be impossible to hold the juvenile fancy-dress
ball on Jan. 8, the date arranged, and it will accordingly be
deferred until the Easter holidays. For the same reason the
conversazione in connection with the Home for Little Boys
will not be held on Jan. 3.
750
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
ILLUSTRATED GIFT-BOOKS.
The Mitehr*' Frolic. By Thomas Ingoldsby. Piotnred by
Ernest M. Jessop (Eyre and Spottiswoode).—Among the
humorous tales in verse written by the Rev. R. II. Barham.
Minor Canon of St. Paul's and author of the_ " Ingoldsby
Legends,” this one is not the most celebrated. Nor is it one
of his best; and. while the patter of his lines and the jingle
of his rhymes may still amuse the ear. many contemporary
allnsions have lost their meaning to a later generation. The
grotesque fancies of witchcraft and demonology are pretty
well played out; the ridionle of monks, of ecclesiastical an¬
tiquities in general, has had its day : and nobody laughs at Old
Nick's horns and toil. Yet a clever artist like Mr. Ernest
Jessup can make effective pictures—indeed, some of his
designs approach sublimity in the treatment of light and
shadow—to illustrate such a fantastic story. We Bee our old
acquaintance the Devil, locked out of doors on a stormy night,
blowing into the pipe of his door-key to clear it of dust; how
verv funny ! We sec a pretty young witch riding high in air
on a broomstick ; but the artist's power is more fitly shown
in delineating the ruined tower, the blasted tree, the lurid
sunset, the Gothic front of a cathedral at night, or tho gate¬
way of a stately mansion—surely not the Vicarage!—with the
watchdog howling beneath it.
The Happy Prince, and other Tain. By Oscar Wilde.
Illustrated by Walter Crane and Jacomb Hood (D. Nutt).—
The repntation of this author as a teacher of aesthetic social
philosophy should not deter anybody from enjoying such
delightful little parables as he sets before us, much in the
vein of Hans Christian Andersen, gracefully fantastic, quaint,
and amusing, with lessons of kindness and gentleness in each
simple story. They are those of the golden statue perched on
high, which saw and pitied tho woes of the
poor in the city, and sent the swallow to carry
its jewelled ornaments for their relief; the
nightingale with its breast pierced by a thorn,
singing its life away for a red rose to be given
as a pledge of love ; the giant's garden where
it was always winter because he shut out the
children, but where the sun shone and the
flowers instantly blossomed when he let them
in ; with the one-sided friendship of Hans and
the Miller, and the overweening conceit of
the Rocket thinking itself superior to other
fireworks.
Coaching Pag* and Coaching Wag*. By
W. Outram Tristram. Illustrated by Herbert
Railton and Hugh Thomson (Macmillan and
Co.).—These characteristic sketches of the old
English high roads, the now less-freqn«nted
country towns and villages, the roomy, once
comfortable hostelries which were content to
be called inns, the stage-coaches in or upon
which some of us yet living have travelled all
day and all night, the coachmen and guards,
their passengers of different ranks and classes,
and the variety of other vehicles, other scenes,
and other folk, to lie met with in a provincial
journey, fifty or a hnndred years ago, furnish
a pleasant contribution to social history. They
have appeared in the Engliuh Illnotrated Maga¬
zine, and have been repeatedly noticed by us
among its monthly contents, along with Mr.
Outram Tristram's entertaining literary com¬
mentary. which is full of biographical anec¬
dotes and of citations from the memoirs, the
novels and plays, the local traditions and
legends, bearing reference to the places along
the road. The artists have well performed
their task ; and when it is stated that this
volume treats of the Bath road, the Exeter
road, the Portsmouth road, the Brighton road,
the Dover road, the York road, and the Holy-
head road, wo trust that the geography and
topography of England, apart f rom *' Bradshaw's
Railway Guide," may still be known suffi¬
ciently to understand how much that is really
interesting should l>c found on “ the old coach¬
ing ways.” One of our pages this week is
filled with half-a-dozen of the spirited and
truthful sketches of stage-coach business, and
of one driving a "gig” to catch the mail, with _
views of such old-fashioned inns ns the Bell at .
Stilton and the Crown at [lawtry, and a view of Newark
Castle. We congratulate Mr. Herbert Railton and his
colleague on having obtained such capital subjects for their
clever pencils.
Jrrntulrm, the Holy Citg. By Colonel Sir Charles Wilson,
R.E., C.B., K.C.M.G., F.R.S. (J. S. Virtue and Co.).—The dis¬
tinguished officer of the Royal Engineers, who has rendered
great services to the study of Biblical archeology and topo¬
graphy in carrying out the plans of the Palestine Exploration
Fund Committee, has produced in this handsome volume a
work of abiding value. His introduction is a careful state¬
ment of the present condition of actual knowledge or confirmed
opinion respecting the sites and structnres of Jerusalem asso¬
ciated with events recorded in the Old and New Testament
histories, mentioning the controversies that have arisen on
such questions, especially with regard to the place of the
Crucifixion and to the position of Zion, the city of David, and
the limits of the city in which King Solomon reigned, the
capital of the ancient Kingdom before the exile of Babylon.
The descriptive chapters which follow may be relied upon for
strict accuracy, and for conclusions in forming which the
writer has taken into account all the historical evidence and
the results of critical discussion now available. Sir Charles
Wilson is a clear and exact writer, and has well digested tho
observations and arguments of his predecessors in these in¬
quiries. The book is adorned with four large steel engravings
and nearly a hundred engravings on wood.
Ha vrhe Life and the Hunting-Trail. By Theodore Roosevelt.
Illustrated by Frederic Remington (T. Fisher Unwin).—Tho
Great American Exhibition of 1HS7 made even Cockneys ac¬
quainted in some degree with the active habits of the hardy
• cow-hoys " at the ” ranches " or cattle-grazing stations of the
West, in parts of Colorado and Kansas, Nebraska. Dakota,
Wyoming, and Montana, besides the southern region in Texas,
A rizona, and New Mexico. The hunting pursuits, more for gnin
than for sport,which are still afforded by the rapidly-diminish¬
ing wild animal races in those countries, though now mostly
driven into the sequestered recesses of the Rocky Mountain
ranges, have often been described. Mr. Theodore Roosevelt, an
American writer of much experience and literary ability, con¬
tributed to a New York magazine the interesting chapters on
these subjects which here form an attractive l>ook, and which
arc illustrated by Mr. F. Remington with designs of much
varietv, representing lively scenes and stirring adventures,
men and beasts in vigorous attitudes and groups, with
the Red Indians hanging on the outer Bkirts of a rude
civilisation ; making altogether an original study of Western
life.
Jje* Grand* Yogageur* do Notre Siee/e. Par G. Meissas
(Hachctte and Co.).—This volume, which is rather bulky, with
a cover very prettily decorated in crimson, green, and gold, is
for readers of French, and contains a vast quantity of reading,
much of which has been translated, with abridgement and
compilation, from many familiar English books of travel,
though French, German, Italian, Dutch, and other foreign
explorers of the wilder portions of the globe are made the
subjects of its collected narratives. We recognise onr own
countrymen—Mungo Park, Admirals Parry and Ross, Sir John
Franklin, Dr. Livingstone, Burton, Speke, and Grant, Sir
Samuel Raker, Cameron, and Stanley—along with many
adventurous representatives of the different nations of Europe.
The performances of the latter—Francois Lcvaillant, D’Urville,
Rene Caillie, Jacqoemont, Father Hue, Vambery, Garnier,
Schweinfurth, Nachtigal, Payer, Nordenskiold. Serpa Pinto,
Gallieni, Prjewalski, Madamo Dicnlafoy, and Do Brazza—are
impartially set forth ; and we are happy in the case of some
of the French travellers to improve our previous acquaintance
with them, which was less than might be desired. Asia,
Africa, and America, with the Arctic Regions, supply an
immense diversity of topics, with the aid of a very large
number of woodcuts ; but the work is better adapted to popular
use in France than in this country.
A lie Hire* d’Or (the Riviera). Par Mars. (E. Plon,
Nourrit, et Cie.. Paris).—Our readers have had several oppor¬
tunities of being amused by the droll and sprightly sketches
of the clever French artist M. Mars, whose pictures of children
and domestic animal pets, of the sea-bathing at Ostend, and of
Jersey and the coast of Brittany, were noticed some time
ago. Messrs. G. Routledge and Son have published English
editions of “ Our Darlings ” and “ Friends and Playmates," to
make this artist at home with ns. He has now turned his
steps to the ” golden
shores ” of (lie Medi¬
terranean, visiting Mar¬
seilles, Toulon, llyeres,
St. Raphael, Cannes,
Antibes, Nice, Monaco,
Mentone, llordighera,
San Remo, Savona, and
Genoa, with an eye and a pencil for all that is quaint and
comical, as well for what is pretty, in the figuresand demeanour
of those resorting to the sunny coast towns along his route.
Most of the drawings are lightly coloured ; they frequently
run into mild caricature, but are commonly pleasant in
character, and their humorous suggestions are explained by a
few words of colloquial French. We are permitted to borrow
the Sketch of a scene in the flower-market on the fours St.
Louis at Marseilles, with two buxom young women, Fortunce
and Thereson, carrying their baskets to the stalls.
The Alp*. By Professor F. Umlauft, Pli.D., translated by
Louisa Brough (Kegan Paul, Trench, and Co.).—Space and
leisure arc needful to do justice to the merits of this important
work of scientific topography, which is very well translated by
an English lady, and which must be the fruit of accurate and
extensive special studies by Dr. Umlauft, dealing with a large
and complex subject, as German learned men can do. con¬
sistently and thoroughly to the last item of its exposition.
Orography, hydrography, meteorology, geology, botany, zoology,
and ethnology contribute the views and materials, with little
or no display of romantic eloquence. It comprises all the high
mountain ranges of Switzerland, Savoy, and the Tyrol, and
those overhanging the Italian lakes and plains, and is'probably
the most complete and authentic treatise on this subject. There
are 110 illustrations engraved on wood, and several correct maps.
The Pied Piper of Hamelin. By Robert Browning. Illus¬
trated by Kate Greenaway (G. Routledge and Son).—Mr.
Browning has a regularly organised school of ethical disciples
seeking grave lessons of wisdom from his serious poetry. This
favourite piece of romanticdrollery, with its piteous catastrophe,
telling how the magical piper, after delivering the city from a
plague of rats, by the same charm of his music led away
the children to be lost in caverns of the forest, may have as
much profound significance as “ Pippa Passes.” M iss Greenaway,
at any rate, who draws little children so faithfully and grace¬
fully because she loves and knows them so well, has filled the
hook with many pretty pictures, colour-printed by Mr. Edmund
Evans, hereby producing a delightful Christinas gift for any
household where little people are to be made happy at this
season of the year.
All Thing* Bright and Beautiful: a Treaturg of Picture
and Song (Ernest Nister, Bride-street).—The editor of this
collection of choice poetry, Mr. R. Ellice Mack, has drawn for
its contents, except a song from Shakspeare and one or two
pieces from Shelley and Wordsworth, on various English and
American writers now or recently living; while the eighteen
illustrations, finely printed at a Nuremberg press, are drawn
by some of the English artists highest in repute for designs
suitable to the art of engraving ; among these are Mr. F.
Morgan, Mr. Birket Foster, Miss Alice Havers, Mr. F. G.
Cotman, Mr. Yeend King, Mr. E. A. VYaterlow, Mr. F. Hines,
and Miss Dicksee. The result of their labours, as might be
expected, is excellent in all artistic qualities, and we only
wish that the title had been more definite and precise in
meaning.
The Gold of Fairnilce. By Andrew Lang (J. W. Arrow-
smith, Bristol).—The well-known scholar, agreeable poet, and
versatile prose writer, to whom many young persons will be
indebted for their pleasure in reading this story, has imbibed
local inspiration on Tweedside ; and those who have rambled
in the south of Scotland cannot hear such a name as
“Fairnilee” without enchanting remembrances of historic
or legendary romance. His tale is of the time of the fatal
battle at Flodden ; and that sweetly plaintive strain. “ The
Flowers of the Forest,” seems to mingle with an older chant of
“ True Thomas the Rhymer,” as we pteruse this Border story,
in which, however, there is no description of actual fighting.
The boy Randal, whose father was slain at Flodden, is carried
to the Fairy Queen, and learns where to dig for an ancient
Roman treasure, making him and his family happy. The
coloured pictures, by T. Scott and E. A. Lemann, will assist
the fancy and gratify the eyes of children.
the Story of a Mermaiden, From Hans Andersen
(Griffith, Farran, and Co.).—The tale of Ander¬
sen’s which is here turned into English verse
of the narrative ballad metre by E. Ashe need
scarcely be described to those who are conver¬
sant with the popular works of the famous
Danish author. The illustrations, designed by
Laura Trowbridge, have the qualities of freedom
and originality of invention, and of bold treat¬
ment with vigorous and graceful effects.
A Journey Bound the World. With Illustra¬
tions by Charles Marr (G. Routledge and Sons).—
A family party, including a boy named Willie
and his sister Ethel, are taken by their father,
Colonel Sir John Wrighton, to Spain, Egypt,
Ceylon, India, Borneo and the Philippines,
China, Japan, the Sandwich Islands, California,
South America, the West CoaBt of Africa,
Madeira, and home. The narrative of what
they saw is necessarily instructive, and the
coloured pictures render it not less entertaining.
Our Country Home. With Illustrations by
Julius Kleinmichel (Routledge).—This is a book
of the same form and class with that above
mentioned ; the difference is that the children,
Walter and Anna, stay at home with their
parents, read of wild countries, and of wild
Indians, of voyages and travels and adventures,
and are joined by their cousins in playing at
Robinson Crusoe.
Orer the Hill*. ByE. L. Shute. Illustrated
by Jessie Watkins (F. Warne and Co.).—In
pie verses of musical rhyme, the joyful
romps and rambles of two little
girls and a little boy or two,
amidst the delights of rural
scenery, are winningly related.
The pictures, mostly coloured or
tinted, are not lacking in the
graces of childlike figures and
gestures.
Jack the. Giant-Killer. By
the late Richard Doyle (Eyre
and Spottiswoode).— In 1842,
when the gifted artist whose
death is regretted was quite a
boy, he wrote his own improved
version of Jack’s marvellous
victories in Big Man’s Land, and
decorated the pages of his neat
manuscript with glowing colour¬
ed pictures, superior in drawing
and composition, as well as in
humour, spirit, and imagination,
to many elaborate designs of
this kind by old hands without
his precocious genius. The pub¬
lication of a facsimile of this
most original work, accurately
engraved, splendidly coloured,
with divers ornamental page-borders, and carefully printed,
is a boon to lovers of fanciful and sportive art, ns well as to
juvenile minds, for which it will be a rare entertainment.
Shahtprare'* Songs and Sonnet*. Illustrated by Sir John
Gilbert (Sampson Low and Co.).—There is no further need, at
this day, to commend the graceful and expressive graphic
interpretations of Shakspeare in which Sir John Gilbert has
abundantly excelled most of his countrymen, or to remark his
dramatic and idyllic perception of old English life. These
qualities will again be recognised in the present series of
designs.
Logbook Note* through Life. By Elizabeth A. Little
(Kegan Paul, Trench, and Co.).—This is a collection of brief
passages of religious poetry, selected from various authors,
bearing reference to the common similitude of human life to
a voyage at sea. The editor, who has in her own former
writings treated of moral themes with a similar metaphorical
idea, arranges these extracts not unskillfully. The drawings
of ocean and shore views, of ships, portions of masts and
rigging, and seaman's knots with ropes, have a certain degree
of merit, and serve well to accompany the text.
Nixter’s Holiday Annual for 1SSD. Edited by Robert Ellice
Mack (Ernest Nister).—As a volume of pictures and stories
for little folk, “girls and boys come out to play," this new
candidate for the approval of mothers and children deserves
our best commendation. The short tales and verses deal with
child-life, its natural actions, and its purest thoughts and
feelings, in an artless poetical spirit; and most of the drawings
are good.
Drawing-Boom Play*. Adapted from the French by Lady
Adelaide Cadogan (Sampson Low and Co.).—Good and whole¬
some plays for modest and discreet amateur actors in a
domestic performance are not too abundant. Lady Adelaide
Cadogan has borrowed plots, incidents, and characters, un¬
objectionable in tone and purpose, from seven French comedies,
transposing the dramatic situations into the familiar circum¬
stances and manners of English society. Her work is likely
to lie serviceable at private evening parties, and tho illus¬
trations. drawn by E. L. Shute, add to its effect in a quiet
reading.
DEC. 22, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
751
AMERICAN NOTES.
The excitement of the Presidential Election has died away
with the coloured fires, the gunpowder, the brass bands, the
processions, the tinsel gew-gaws, and the general fanfaronade
deemed essential to the contest. For six months or more prior
to the Fourth of November in every quadrennial the greater
part of the American people plunge into a state of political
lunacy. But it must be added that the process of con¬
valescence is rapid. All the personal abuse and party viru¬
lence so freely indulged in daring the warfare are for¬
gotten. or, if remembered, are condoned in a Pickwickian
sense. More than a month has now elapsed since the great
periodical fight between the “Ins” and the “Outs” for tho
possession of the White House at Washington. While it
waged, the vocabulary was ransacked for terms of mutual
denunciation. The peculiar rhetoric of American platform
oratory and of tho press found ample scope for exercise. The
pillars of the earth were likely to tremble and fall. Yet the
threatened catastrophe has been averted. Men continue to
buy and sell and get gain—or make losses. Marrying and the
custoujary social usages have experienced no interruption.
Young America continues to have its round of pleasure.
D ime Nature pursues her calm and majestic course, and the
crowds of busy little human bipeds go their several ways.
Tho fact is that European observers attach far more
importance to tho Presidential title and functions than do the
people to the manner born. The inaugural and the annual
Messages to Congress have greatly diminished in significance.
The power and the influence of the Chief of the Executive
Government are defined and restricted. The Senate can refuse
to ratify his nominations to high offices. Even his veto of
Acts of Congress can be overridden by a specific majority,
lie is a distinguished personage ; bub he is watched, and
hampered, and guarded, very much like the queen-bee in a
hive. Tho written Constitution is precise and absolute. In¬
numerable Argus eyes are upon him. and he is daily instructed,
admonished, and threatened by a ubiquitous and sleepless pres?.
As an ornamental figurehead his position commands respect; but
the strictly Federal matters
which he can control or influ¬
ence are comparatively few.
With the autonomy of the
several States he cannot inter¬
fere. A genuine American
esteems his particular State as
of supreme importance. It
claims the firs': place in his
allegiance and regard. Its
Legislature is a greater body
and its doings concern him
more than Congress, unless
there be some such crucial
matter as the tariff. Each
State has its own separate Con¬
stitution. mid is sovereign and
independent within its own
borders. The proceedings at
Washington occupy but a small
space in the loading journals.
Once in a while, between the
contests for the Presidency,
some grave question of policy
arises, or there is a passing
ripple of excitement over such
an episode ns tiic Sackvillc
case. But the pursuit of the
almighty dollar cannot be
checked, even for these things :
nor can matters of 1 ic.il con¬
cern in the township, in the
municipality, or in the State, he
set aside by what ordinarily
occurs in Washington.
Not until March 4 does the
actual change occur in the
Administration. Oil that day,
President Cleveland retires from
office and his successor will
ho installed. The House of
Representatives recently elected
does not enter upon its duties
before Dec. 4. 1889. During the
winter there will be, of course,
schemes and intrigues with¬
out number over the appoint¬
ment of the Cabinet of the
now President. There arc
also many thousands of ex¬
pectant office-holders who will
bring every kind of influence to bear on tho dispensers of
patronage. Before the time of President Andrew
Jackson—known os “Old Hickory”—in 1829, the maxim
which he is said to have formulated, “ to the victors
the spoils,” had been acted upon only in a limited degree
in certain States. By the distinguished statesmen who
filled the Presidential chair from Washington to John Quincy
Adams, public office had been scrupulously regarded as a public
trust. Even when a change of parties was effected, after a
severe Btruggle, by the election of Jefferson, he made only
thirty-nine removals in eight years, although most of the
existing officials were known to be opposed to his policy.
Jackson changed all this deliberately and on system. Within
a year ho dismissed four hundred and ninctv-one postmasters
and two hundred and thirty-nine other officials. The new
men promptly made similar changes among their subordinates,
si that a clean sweep was effected. This was done with the
avowed object of rewarding political friends and of punish¬
ing opponents. The hateful and pernicious system thus
initiated has been pursued ever since. Honest and strenuous
efforts have been made of late years in the direction
of Civil Service reform. Enactments have been passed, and
some small measure of good lias been accomplished. But the
evil and the scandal are too deeply seated to yield to anything
but a heroic and drastic remedy. This is‘not likely to be
applied until a healthy public sentiment has been aroused.
The fact is that there arc too many who profit by the
existing system in both the political camps. 'Ihc Republican
party had a monopoly for twenty-four years prior to 1885.
W hen the Democrats achieved the victory after their long
exclusion, many of them, naturally enough, wished to make
as much hay as possible while the sun shone. Now that
the Republicans arc about to return to the warmth and
the emoluments of office after a brief banishment, it
is not to be expected that they will leave their poli¬
tical foes in possession of lucrative posts. Hence all the
holders of offices in the Customs, the Internal Revenue,
the Post Office, and in other branches of the Federal service, to
tho number of about one hundred and thirty thousand, scattered
all ov*” the States, and including Ministers and Consuls abroad,
are liable to be displaced. Wise and patriotic men deplore
this, and protest against it ; but at present they are iu a
minority. Tho “public service*’is a euphemism for private
advantage with professional politicians all the world over.
Hence independent and high-minded persons among both
Democrats and Republicans are powerless in the presence
of a hungry crowd who make politics a trade, and who
demand rewards for services that are often dubious and
unscrupulous. Eminent public servants, who have mode
a special study of certain subjects, and who are pre¬
eminently qualified to discharge their duties, are con¬
tinually thrust aside to make room for men who may be
utterly incompetent, but whose blind devotion to their party
clamours for reward. Wealth}' supporters who have con¬
tributed large sums for “ campaign expenses” also look for
recognition in appointments for their friends. It is estimated
by competent authorities that the total cost of a Presidential
election exceeds twenty millions of dollars, or abont four
millions sterling. No balance-sheet is published by either
party, but the managers are entrusted with the absolute dis¬
bursement. The Xrw York Times, of Aug. 28, 1888, reported
that the National Democratic Committee had received ten
thousand dollars from President Cleveland, Secretary
Whitney, Secretary Endicott, and Postmaster - General
Dickinson. This sum is twice the amount of the annual
salary of each of the three last named. A similar
custom prevails in nearly all elections for public posts, in¬
cluding such os are strictly local. The result is that enormous
sums are disbursed—often in a manner and for purposes which
highminded and patriotic men detest and censure. They
admit that the laws against bribery and corruption must be
made more stringent, and that measures must be taken to
render voting by ballot secret and secure, which is far from,
being the case at present. Americans who have seen the
working of the English system arc emphatic in their recog¬
nition of its superiority.
They do not so readily make a similar admission with
regard to another matter. To allude to it at all is like skating
over very thin ice. Yet to avoid all reference to it would be
cowardly. May it then be respectfully suggested, without
intending to give offence or to wound national susceptibilities,
that the great institution of expectorating might be somewhat
mitigated l In the ordinary railroad cars the central passage
is not fit to pass along, as it is the spot where the occupants
of seats on each side eject their saliva with startling fre¬
quency and suddenness. The Pullman cars are provided with
spittoons of brass or porcelain ; these are also freely supplied
in private houses, hotels, theatres, picture-galleries, legislative
chambers and other - places of public resort. It is not un¬
common to see notices affixed to the walls asking persons not
to spit on the floor : but these notices are disregarded. To a
benighted British Islander this is revolting ; but all he can do
is to endure and thus protest against the modern form of the
Declaration of Independence. W. H. S. A.
A PIANO FOR AN INDIAN PRINCE.
The piano manufactured for the Rajah of Kooch-Behar by Messrs.
John Brinsmead and Sons, of Wigmore-street, is an exceedingly
handsome piece of furniture in addition to being an exception¬
ally fine musical instrument, both in quality of tone and
touch. The case is in solid, deep-coloured mahogany, hand¬
somely carved, and inlaid with engraved marqueteric ; and to
ensure its standing the extreme and trying climate to which it
is going, every glueing throughout the piano has been secured
by screws, whilst the metal framework which withstands the
strain of the strings (nearly 30 tons) is in one solid piece and
is fitted with “ Brinsmead’s ” patent screw tuning-pins, thus
dispensing with all woodwork in this portion of the piano,
whilst ensuring the instrument remaining in good order under
conditions which would prove fatal to pianos manufactured
on the old system. The mechanism, every part of which is
secured by rivets, &c., is the “ patent perfect check repeater
action ” so celebrated for its excellent blow, repeat, and delicacy
of touch which it retains under the most trying climatic
conditions.
The announcement that the Old Irish Market-place was to
be kept open at the Winter Exhibition at Olympia has been
hailed with delight by the cottage workers in all parts of
Ireland, and hundreds of parcels have been received containing
beautifully executed and cheap articles of all kinds made
chiefly in cottage homes.
ART MAGAZINES.
The Magazine nj Art for December continues two exceedingly
interesting papers began in the November number. The firsr,
on Mr. Alfred Gilbert, A.R.A., one of the ablest of the modern
English school of sculpture, is written by Mr. W. Cosmo
Monkhonse, and is illustrated with several engravings of tho
sculptors work, notably one of the “ Icarus,” an example of
Mr. Gilbert’s best manner. The other article is one by Mr.
William M. Rossetti, on the portraits of his brother, Dante
Gabriel Rossetti, and contains some interesting additions to
the photographs and sketches published last month. A capital
reproduction of Mr. Hamo Thornicroft’s fine statue of General
Gordon accompanies a short description of the latest addition
to our national monuments. The annual volume of this
magazine is now publisher!, and contains a perfect gallery of
beautiful engravings, photogravures, and etchings after pic¬
tures by modern painters, English and Continental.
The frontispiece to the current number of the Art Journal
is a beautiful engraving, by L. Jacoby, of Fra Fillipo Lippi’s
“Nativity.” now in the Berlin Museum; which museum, the
subject of a paper by Mr. W. M. Conway, is a valuable con¬
tribution to the art history of Europe. “A Foreign Artist
and Author ” continue their travels through England, and this
month give us their impressions of that popular watering-
place Ramsgate. “ Japan and its Art Wares ” is also continued
from a former number ; as also a paper by Mr. Gilbert R.
Redgrave on “Textile Fabrics at the South Kensington
Museum.” The annual volume of the A rt Journal, being the
bound numbers of the past year, has already been reviewed
month by month, and therefore it is needless to say more than
that no more acceptable Christmas gift coaid be suggested for
artistic friends than this handsome volume.
A new and interesting addition to the list of journals and
magazines dealing with art in all its branches is the Scottish
A rt Iforiew, published in Glasgow, the December number of
which is the seventh issue. It is, perhaps, more emphatically
than most of its contemporaries a journal for the artist rather
than merely the dilletante, although it offers many attractions
to all lovers of art as well
as art-workers. The current
number contains an etching,
“ The Sower,” by Mr. William
Strang, and a reproduction of
a picture by the late Frank
O’Meara, entitled “ Evening in
the Gatinais.” Among many
interesting articles is one on the
pastel exhibition at the Gros-
venor Gallery, a paper on the
Wagner - Liszt correspondence,
and one on the place of poetry in
a music-drama, evoked, doubt¬
less by a recent attack on a great
artist in a well-known review.
POOR CHILDREN AND
CHRISTMAS.
Mrs. Adamson, wife of the Vicar
of Old Ford, at the East-End of
London, writes as follows:—“ I
have resumed the soup-kitchens
in my husband’s parish ; and,
as I have once more to relieve
the semi - starvation of thou¬
sands of children, I trust that
you will allow me to submit
the following simple state¬
ment of our work and wants,
by way of appeal for the
practical sympathy of your
readers. We make no religious
distinction, necessity being the
one and only test. Last winter,
the cost of the dinners (includ¬
ing plant and pannikins, coals
and coppers) which we gave to
the poor children connected
with three Board schools in this
neighbourhood was £79, the
dinners numbering 10,225. The
children were selected from
these schools, and sent by the
head masters and mistresses.
They were all really poor and
needy—many being most dis¬
tressing cases. My husband’s
parish alone nnmbers 11,000
persons, most of whom crowd
together in small tenements. There is not what is called a
middle-class household, so that I have no lady resident in the
parish to co-operate with me. Beyond the grants kindly made
to assist this good work, I require funds to meet the expenses
up to April next, if the soup kitchens are to be kept open.”—
An appeal is made for help towards the Christmas treat to the
East London Hospital for Children, Shad well, to be held on
Wednesday, Jan. 2. One hundred children, who have been
in-patients of the hospital, will be invited, and provided with
tea, cake, fruit, and a comic entertainment; a suit of clothes
will be given to each child, as well as toys and an orange.
Gifts of clothing of all kinds, but especially boys’ suits, toys,
cakes, fruit, &c., will be gratefully received at the hospital;
and all friends of the hospital are invited to be present.
Mr. Clement Scott writes earnestly appealing for aid in the
good work of supplying the poor children of the Drury-lane
district with a dinner and entertainment on Christmas Ev r e.
He states that, thanks to Miss Edith Woodworth, the founder
of the feast. Mr. J. L. Toole, without whom the dinner would
never have been made an annual institution, and a few others,
sufficient money has been promised to give a royal dinner of
honest roast beef, potatoes, plum-pudding, and mince-pies to at
least 1500 hungry children. What is now wanted are presents of
fruits, tops, and other articles, and the assistance of ladies who
are able and willing to work energetically and cheerfully in
serving the dinner and unpacking and distributing the presents.
Lady Burnett, the owner of a large property in the district
of Thurles, has notified to her tenants that she will grant an
abatement of 35 per cent on the present scale. All her land is
at present let at Griffiths’ valuation.
Her Majesty, by Order in Council, has been pleased to
declare that the conditions of the Patent Act, 1883, under
which an application for a patent is not to be invalidated by
the exhibition of an invention at an international exhibition,
are to apply to the Paris Universal Exhibition, and also that
exhibitors are to be relieved from the conditions of the above
Act, under which they were required to give notice to the
Comptroller of Patents of their intention to exhibit the article
afterwards sought to be patented. The regulations also apply
to designs intended to be registered.
S.T DA OP
I. Mr. Boiupos, wanting a |«ot puppy for his young wife, consult*
Wemsle, the dealer in fancy dogs.
J. Weczle inspects his stoclc, but And* none of the desired black-
and-white.
3. fitter Mrs. Wcarle Is ordered “to get 'em ready for showing."
4. She touches ’em up with black from the frying-pan.
5. Wooxlc pockets the black-and-white puppies.
8. Ho colls on Mr. Bompos.
7. Mrs. Bompos : “Ob, what little beauties!”
ft Suddenly : “Why, what’s all this black staff on me!
9. Bompos : “ Here, get out! ”
10. Wenzle cost out on the doorstep.
11. He seeks consolation.
12. At home, rebuking Mrs. Weazle, he gets her reply
you’d kept ’em cool. It wouldn’t have come off"
DOG-FANCYING AND DOG-PAINTING.
w
1
A WELCOME VI8ITOE.
754
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 22, 1888
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From our oien Correspondent ,.)
The great event of the week is the discomfiture of the
Panama Canal Company and the futile intervention of the
Cabinet with a view to preventing auother crash like that of
the Union Gen^rale. Owing to the partial failnre of the issue
of the last Panama Loan of 1888, and the repeated failure of
the re-issue of the unsold bonds a few days ago, the Panama
Company is in difficulties for want of money, and therefore the
Minister of Finance, considering the importance of the enter¬
prise, the immensity of the capital engaged, and, above all. the
number of persons who have subscribed, introduced a Bill to
authorise the company to suspend payments for three
months, which would give the company time to make
new arrangements. The capital already actually subscribed
and engaged in the works of the Canal is 1,399.7Iti.OSIf.
The 600,OUU shares of the company appear to be held by
400,000 subscribers, mostly small capitalists and peasants.
After a long discussion the Chamber rejected the Bill by
2nd against 181 and 10O abstentions. The ruin of Panama
will be a great blow to the small capitalists of France and
a national misfortune, and it is hard to see how this ruin can
be avoided, even given the energy and popularity of M. De
Lesseps. One thing seems clear already—that the prestige
of M. De Lesseps will not suffer from the disaster and that the
burden of unpopularity will fall npon the Deputies and upon
the Republic. The 400,000 Frenchmen who nave lost money
in Panamas will vote dead against the members of the present
Chamber of Deputies next spring, and their tendency will be
to cry “ Vive Boulanger! ”
People are talking once more about the destiny of woman,
to which attention has been called by two recent incidents—
the brilliant medical examination passed in Paris by a Polish
girl, Mdlle. Sch nitre ; and the refusal of the Brussels Appeal
Court to allow Mdlle. Popelin to practise as a lawyer. The
Brussels Judges do not admit that a woman has the legal
aptitude for practising law. The modern legislator does not
acknowledge the right of a woman to do anything without
the consent of her husband ; it canpot, therefore, admit that
she can do for others what she is not allowed to do for herself.
Furthermore, the Belgians consider that woman's place in
society imposes npon her duties that are irreconcileable with
the profession of law, for the exercise of which she has neither
leisure, strength, nor aptitude. Mdlle. Schultze, who is only
twenty-one years of age, devoted herself in her thesis to
proving that female doctors had rendered great services already,
and were destined to render still greater services in the future.
Dr. Charcot replied to her, and blamed this new ambition of
women to become doctors, not that he contested their
aptitudes, but because they refused to play secondary roles
and to go and practise obscurely in the provinces. They all
want to be " swells ” at Paris. Dr. Charcot also combated the
young lady on .esthetic grounds, maintaining that certain
part* of the practice of medicine were incongruous with her
beauty and her dress; nevertheless, he did full justice to her
talent, and Mdlle. Schultze starts out in life with a brilliant
diploma from the Faculty of Paris.
At the theatres we have to record a new piece, “ L'Escadron
volant de la Reine," music by Litolff, at the Opera Comique,
rather old-fashioned both in plot and mnsic—the piece was
written fifteen years ago; and “ La Securitc dcs Families," by
Albin Yalabrfcgue, at the Vaudeville. This latter comedy,
in three acts, promises to be almost os great a success as
the “Surprises du Divorce," which has had an immense run.
At the Theatre Libre, in “ La Mort du Due d'Enghien," M.
Henniqne has produced three tableaux of striking simplicity,
which form the best specimen hitherto written of the
documentary or analytic drama which some would call
“ naturalistic." This piece has had immense success.
At the present moment France possesses nearly one million
of the new Lebel guns, which gives just one gun for each man
of the active, reserve, and territorial armies. In war-time the
allowance necessary is four guns per man, and in order
to complete this stock the small arms manufactories of
Saint-Etienne, Tulle, and Cbatelleranlt, will work in
1889 and 1890 producing at the rate of 30(91 guns a day.
During the year 1889 the War Department will spend
138 millions of francs in transforming the armament of the
infantry, creating stores of the new Lebel cartridges, modify¬
ing the artillery projectiles, providing the frontier forts with
stronger guns, strengthening the coast and other fortifications,
and building new barracks.
M. Renan has just published the seoend volume of his very
fascinating “ History of the People of Israel," this instalment
embracing the period from the reign of David to the capture
of Samaria and the career of the prophet Isaiah.
The booksellers' shops are now overflowing with volnmes
and gift-books specially published for the New Year's present
season. The quantity of so-called edition» de lure is enormous,
and the wonder is who can buy them ; for while admitting
that bibliophilism is a growing modern passion, the number
of people who can buy guinea books is limited. Amongst the
most interesting novelties I notice the “ Histoire de la Societo
Francaise pendant la Revolution," by E. and J. De Goncourt
(1 vol. 4to, Quantin), enriched with numerous reproductions
in black-and-white and in colours from contemporary docu¬
ments, the whole forming a most curious and interesting
panorama of the men, manners, and things of that agitated
epoch. A curious innovation : the cover of this volume is a
facsimile of some paper-hangings of the period covered with
revolutionary emblems. Qnantin is also the publisher of a band-
some volume, “ L ltalie du Nord," byG. De Leris, profusely illus¬
trated and agreeably written. The author has studied more
particularly modern Italy; and, besides picturesque descrip¬
tion, he has collected a great mass of information about the
publio, administrative, and private life of modern Italy. The
same firm publishes a mass of children's books and coloured
albums, remarkable for their excellence and cheapness.
The Comte d'Haussonville was received at the French
Academy, on Deo. 13, with the usual ceremony. M. d'Hausson-
Tille succeeds M. Car 0 , whose panegyrio he pronounced —At
the Comddie Frnueaiso, there is trouble between the manager
and some of the actors, and, inconsequence of words exchanged,
M. Febrre has given in his resignation. A vigorous campaign
has been begun against M. Claretie, the present administrator,
under whose regime the Com&ie Francaise has not prospered.—
Duels have been so numerous of late that it has been im¬
possible to note them. This week M. Climenoeau and M. Maurel
fought with swords about an incident of the recent election in
the Var. M. Cleinencenu was wounded under the right arm,
bnt not very seriously.—A committee has been formed with a
view to erecting a monument at Paris in the Jardin des
Plante, to the great sculptor of animals, Antoine Louis Baryc.
In order to raise the necessary funds an exhibition of Barye's
works will be held in the Eoole des Beaux-Arts during the
month of May.—A monument to the novelist Balzac, by Emile
Boldi, will be shortly inaugurated at Villc d'Avray at the
expense of the living novelists, Edmond Do Goncourt, Zola,
Guy De Maujwssant, and Paul Bourget. This is quite indc-
pendent of the two statues of Balzac which are being made for
Paris and for Tout*. - T. C.
CHESS.
TO COHRESPONORNTS.
AmmiKii/raKoti* for this department rkonld Or addrrrred to the Chert Editor.
Herkwari).— White iwia the option of cotiiivlhnp tllnck to ref met hi* nun;, »j»icli
he miKht eiereiM* and then re.iifn. We Hunk, howetor. In flic micrcat of correct
play.and out of ritinu’M to other competitor*, nouunrtor ahoiiid hcabnwuetfu to
r - inJpuidi- error*."
Coi.r m nr*. You would tlm have noticed Pitch problems were condemned a* un-
«onn<!. They have only appeared liccause tbo second solution cacaiwd notice.
New problem to hand with thank*.
E HoHJntTKur.~Your solution* were omitted by accident, and due credit is now
I Olvub (Siroud-urccn).—A well
'armLAKE W Wood.—M any than:
I) A Dublin).—We may make use
a little doubtful whether it is u<
k II Leakey.-I n what locality d
join the Cuy, which includes pla
N IIEITIEAX.—Neat; In
loiuly like No. sen, and it i
and. W.C., or British Cheap Cl
him.
I* rw potintd , and t here i* no i
itructod poaition, but rather
iir frame and notice.
ntir contribution in our neat
o difficult for the pur]M>»e.
h, Kin E-street,
»o simple for *
number, hut nro
DMToY.-ltather too easy. Try and frlve Black more strength. D. Nutt,Strand,
supplies all foreign cl.cs* publications.
G W LkXMnx (Cardiff*.—>!o*t acceptable.
CoanErT Soi.t'TioxM or Pnom .eii No. 23» received from E Bohnsredt (Berne)
and V Clark .Toronto); «,f So. 2329 from J Dry den. W Von lieverhoudt. J P.nud
Laum |) ; of N... from E llohnstcdt, J Blakie, Dr K St. W H Ha) ton. Dr Eraser
(Tot nee). Inlay, If Barley. J Dry dm, O Asbwt II, John tl (.rant, I* C (The llaguc),
and W K Payne.
Correct Soi.fTioN* or PitoitLEif Vo. received from Thomas Clwwn. B
Louden. U Wort ere (Canterbury). J lllnkio, (* E P. Hcrcwmrd, Bernard Reynold*.
Dawn, Martin K. A NWiihui. J Coed, Howard A, Jupiter Junior, K Cnsclla (Pari*),
T Holier!*. Juba Short. Dr K St. I, Desange*. Lt.-Col. Lorsine (Newcastle),
t; .1 Voile. Charles Worrall, T a l Ware), Sbadforth. Dr Walt* (Heidelberg), P O
Cook (Heading). J llryden, W licit /.mail. W K Otrtw riclu. W' von Bcverhoudt,
0 C ft (Manchester',<• W () Drodie. W K Payne, J T Tin ker iLeeds), T H Wilson
.1 T W, lllair H Cochrane, Arthur H Kmanucl. A W Young tTctlenhall), H K N
flanks. Kiiby Kook, It II Drook*, W II Hay ton. E Phillips, K Lucas, Percy Ewen,
and W Hillicr.
Solution of Puodlem No. 2329.
in also be solved by 1. Kt to B 7th, 4c.
WHITE.
White to piny, find mate In throe moves.
CHESS AT PLYMOUTH.
»o played at Plymouth Chw* Club between Mr. Carsi.ake Wood ami
the Hcv. H. C. Unions In n tournament fora silver enp.
(Vienna (lame.)
. WHITS BLACK
I Rev. H. C. Brigs*). (Mr. Wood).
3. P to K R 4th
4. P to Q 4th
6. K Kt to H 3rd
- -o K 4th
K B to Q B 4th
P takes P
B to Kt 3rd
o Q 3rd
opened well. The K P
nanifestly sup
«. B takes P
7. B to K 2nd
8. P to K H 3rd
# B takes B
K Kt 3rd
Made wholly
dopte.1
Whit
10 .
By this brill in i
Q R to K Kt 5th
P to K R 3rd
B takes Kt
Q to It 5th (chi
g to B 3rd
the interest of the
P takes P
lack's g It without
Q to K 3rd
loses two pier
haie l»een saveu oy i
15.
10. Q to Q 3rd
17. Castles (Q R)
18. Kt take* P
19. K It Hi K h|
20. Kt U> Q B 3rd
21. K to Kt w|
22. g to B 4th <ch)
23. It to K B «|
24. Kt to Q 5th
25. Q to K 4th
28. KtoKB 5th
27. g R to B w|
28. Kt to K 7th
29. P to R 4th
30. g to g 5th
31. Q to It 8th
*. K to g 2nd.
Q takes B
P to K B 4th
P takes B
Kt to K 2nd
Castle*
gtoKKtdth (oh)
g Kt to gB3nl
K tO It N|
R to g K t w|
Kt to g It 4tli
Kt to R sq
g takes P
g to Kt 3rd
- K 2nd
K to K i
It takes Kt
15. K B to K 4ih
The handicap at SlmpMonV Is making fair progress, with Messrs. Lee and
Pollock leading. Each have won six and lost one: but they are eloselv fol¬
lowed by Mr. Gibbon* with live and a half wins, and Mr. Bird with live, u>
their respective credit*.
A match between the chess rlubn of the Railway Clearing-House and the
L dulon ami North-Western Railway, playe I at the rooms of the former on
Dec. 6. resulted in a victory for the home team by nine games to flvo, two
being drawn.
The Zukortnrt Chess Club played a match against the Thistle Chesa Club
on Dec. 5 and prove I victorious by five game* to one.
The following problem gained the flr»t prize In the Andrew* Tourney,
in the Ilritirh Che** Magazine, by Jan Koire :
White; K at g It w|, g at K Kt 3rd. It s at K B 2nd and K B 8th, P s at
Q 3rd, g B 4th, g It 4th, g Kt 5th and K 6th.
Ulack : K at g 2nd. II at K It 6th, P's nl K 2nd, Q B 4th, Q It ith, and
K Kt Sth. White to piny and mate in three moves.
On Thursday, Dee. 6, Mr. Blaekbume gave an exhibition of simultaneous
play at the Young Men's ChrLllan Association Rooms. SL (Jllcs's-street,
under the auspices of the Norwich Association Chess Club, against twentv-
nlne picked players of the district. Mr. Blaekbume played at a great rate,
and finished his Usk 111 exactly four hours, with the'splendid record of
twenty-six games won anil three drawn. The result, was received with
applause. The gentlemen who secured draws were Messrs. Herbert W.
Daws, A. E. Lcgnod, and G. Menehen. Mr. Blarkbume also paid a visit to
the Pl>mouth Chess Club on Dec. 12. where he gave liL* usual blindfold
Nuance against eight opis.ricnts. six of whom he defeated and drew against
two. Iking the first exhibition of the kind In Plymouth, It attracted a
large and Interested crowd of spectators.
Mr. Edward James Castle, Q.C., has been appointed Recorder
of the city of Winchester, in the place of Mr. Mackonochic,
who has resigned upon being appointed a county-court Judge.
The Rev. II. L. Thompson. M.A., Rector of Iron Acton,
Gloucestershire, has l>een nominated by the trustees to ho
Warden of Radley College, in succession to Mr. Wilson, who
has been appointed Warden of Kehle College.
SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
THE MISTLETOE BOUGH.
Once more the flight of Father Time has bronght round the
season of holly, and the “ mistletoe bough ” decks the walls,
and (in a Pickwickian sense), “more convenient*’ localities in
the homes of the land. Perchance few of us give a thought
to the debt we owe to the world of plants at the season of
Yule. Holly and mistletoe are inseparable from the folk-lore
of Christmas, and the forces, tendencies, habitB—call them
what you will—which have evolved the greenness of these
plants, have contributed much to the grateful associations of
the time. When other forms of vegetation have died off or
are sleeping out the winter’s chill, the holly, with its green
and red, and the mistletoe with its equally attractive if quieter
and more subdued hues, remain with us to remind us of hopes
and aspirations extending far beyond the season of the snow.
I think there is a tacit reflection cast from these plants into
human life, bidding us be of good cheer, advising us to tide over
the wintry side of life, and inspiring us with hope for the
future. The old associations of mistletoe and holly abide
with us ns part and parcel of our social life, and uncon¬
sciously affect ns by their tale of life and vitality when
roost things else are -quiescent and still, and give no
sign of life nt all. Away back in the history of
the Ganls, we know how the mistletoe played its part in the
myRtic rites of that race. On the sixth day after the first new
moon of the year we can see, in onr minds eye, the two white
oxen placed for the first time under the yoke, and the High
Druid, in his white garments, golden sickle in hand. We can
see him cut the mistletoe from the oak, and behold the plant
reverently received in a white cloth as it falls. Then comes
the sacrifice of the oxen, and the distribution of the sacred
leaves to the people. All these things, ideas, and ceremonies have
long passed away, and have become merged in that “ illimit¬
able azure of the past” which receives so many of the hopes
and fears of the human race ; but mistletoe remains with us—a
symbol of the reviving year about to dawn, and a promise of
the new life which the advent of the spring will proclaim.
That something of the lower nature often commingles with
higher things is, unfortunately, a fact of life that needs no
new illustration. Mistletoe is a “ parasite ” on apple and oak,
and parasites belong to the groundlings among life’s children.
There is no nobility in the character of animal or plant which
attaches itself to another living being, either ns a lodger or a
boarder, or in the double capacity of an unbidden guest.
Plant-morals, like animal-morals, are often of the grossly
utilitarian type. If a living being is cunning enough to take
life easy by absorbing the food which another child of life
prepares for its own use, the parasite doubtless benefits by
its assumption of the role of unwelcome guest. Bnt “the
whirligig of time brings in its revenges." There is a stern
decree of that implacable female, Mndre Nature, which declares
that parasitism includes the lowering of the form which sacri¬
fices its vital independence to luxurious comfort and inglorious
ease. In animals, legs, stomachs, eyes, and other belongings are
swept away when the parasite, attaching itself to another
animal, is found to have no use for the organs of free
and normal existence. This is the penalty of parasitism
everywhere—degradation and backsliding in the vital scale.
Yet in onr mistletoe there is one redeeming feature. Parasite
though it may be. it has still a saving clause in it* botanical
character. I have before me a piece of an apple-tree’s branch.
It has been cut through dexterously enough, and the relations
of a sprig of mistletoe which has attached itself to the bough
are rendered clear and distinct. The mistletoe is not merely a
lodger on the apple; it is a boarder likewise. Like certain
dissatisfied tenants now-a-days, it insists on holding to its
landlord, while it declines to pay rent in any shape or form.
Into the substance of the apple-tree, the parasite has dipped its
sucking roots, and a whole array of these roots is seen in my
section, serving to drink up into the mistletoe-plnnt the sap
which the apple-tree has made and elaborated for its own use.
There is no intermingling here of parasite and prey. It is an
attachment pure and simple for purposes of lodgment and food.
If you go back in mistletoe-life perchance yon may trace
the beginning of this curious habit. The berries of mistletoe,
when examined closely, arc seen to contain a very glutinous
fluid. The ripe berry is, in fact, a mass of vegetable gum,
which is developed in the rind or covering of the fruit. 'J his
gum is part and parcel of a distinct purpose in mistletoe-life.
When the birds attack the berries and liberate the seeds, the
latter, falling on the bark of trees, adhere thereto by aid of
the natural glue they contain or possess. This is the first step in
the act of parasitism. The bird acts as the unconscious dis¬
tributor of the mistletoe-seeds, and the plant, which has tacitly
bargained for this conveyance (through its offer of a free
breakfast-table to the bird), then works out its own life-
purposes. Once settled on the bark of the tree, the
mistletoe-seed, in virtue of its inborn instinct, appre¬
ciates its surroundings. In the earth, whore a respectable
seed is at home, it would perish and die. On the apple-
tree’s bark it is in clover. It has found its haven, and
now makes the most of its chance. Germination of the seed
is soon set up, and then the radicle, which is simply the
youthful root, penetrates the bark of the tree, and seeks out a
special layer of the stem of its host. This is the layer, near
the bark, through which the sap ascends. Now. this fluid
forms what botanists call the “ crude ” sap. It is on its way,
in other words, to become perfected in the leaves of the
apple-tree. Once in the leaves of its own proper maker, the
sap would acquire all the properties which fit it for tbo
nourishment of the plant. Why, then, does the mistletoe
select the imperfect sap of its host, in place of drawing from
the tissues of its prey the perfect material !
The answer to this question brings ns back to that remark
of mine wherein I declared that a redeeming feature existed in
the constitution of the mistletoe-hough. Our parasite has not
passed qnite to the depths of life’s degradation after all. It
still harbours a habit of food-making which constitutes a
saving clause in its moral character. For the crude sap which
it absorbs by aid of its roots passes into the mistletoe s own
frame, and there undergoes a further elaboration. Into its
leaves pass the undigested products of the apple-tree s wort,
and in the leaves the stolen sap is made fit for nourishing the
parasite's own blossoms, and for developing the berries ana
seeds which are to lay the foundations of the new mistletoe
race. The green leaves of our parasite also teach us
that it may and does do something more in the worK
of food-making. Green leaves always mean a power or
absorbing from the air the carbonic acid gas which forms part
of the food of every green plant. Your colourless mushroom
will have none of this gas; it is a more dainty feeder, ana
demands something of the animal dietary. Mistletoe, per¬
chance, is on the way to lower things. Parasitism seldom
remains a stable habit of life ; and if the forces of
work out their end—as, apparently, they have done in otii
plants—there may dawn a far-off Christmas season vnen
mistletoe, having lost its leaves, and parted with the la
evidences of its independence, will no longer remain
cheer the heart of man, or to grace the social lira
Yule. Andrew Wilson.
MAPPIN
& WEBB,
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
MAPPIN & WEBB’S
ARTISTIC
AND USEFUL
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.
18, POULTRY, LONDON, E.C. F»ctorie» and Show-Room*: 34, King-Bt.,Covent-garden, London, W.C. Royal Plate and Cutlery Works, Sheffield. 158, OXFORD'ST., LONDON, W.
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PLYMOUTH. No material manuf: clured Is so useful
for Ladles’ Autumn and Winter Wear, or Gentlemen's
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Ireland. Goods packed for export at lowest freights.
SPEARMAN l SPEARMAN, PLYMOUTH.
INSTEAD OF A QUILL.
THE FLYING SCOTCHMAN PEN.
u The fastest, freest pea we ever usc«L*’-0wr».
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WAVERLEY WORKS, EDINBURGH.
Long liFl,'
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S. SAINSBUKY’S
4B3r LAVENDER
Lavender Flowers and most choice and
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VERY LASTING.
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WATER.
FASHIONS FOR THE SEASON.
Suing Di css makers
-Lent of goo J "
PETER ROBINSON’S COURT and FAMILY
MOURNING WAREHOUSE.
256 to Wi, REGENT-STREET, LONDON.
rbN RECEIPT of LETTER or TELEGRAM
Mourning Goods will be forwarded to any part of England on
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Dressmaker (if deairedl, wiiliout any extra charge whatever.
Address—PETE It ROBINSON, Mourning Warehouse, Rcgcnt-st.
"INEXPENSIVE MOURNING, as well as the
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upon advantageous term*, to Families '• * —«— ..-
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very moderate charges.
QILKS, VELVETS, BROCADES, an immense
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f\UR SPECIAL “Good-Wearing” MAKES of
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T)EAUTIFUL FRENCH MILLINERY, entirely
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PETER ROBINSON, the COURT and GENERAL
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The only Dentifrice which
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ADDRESS OF M. SUEZ. 9, RllE DE PROMT, PARIS._
HAITTYPE-WRITER.
Price, £8 8s. Weight, 1 lb.
Size, 14 in. by 7 in. by 2^ in.
SIMPLE, PORTABLE, DURABLE,
INTERCHANGEABLE TYPE, CHEAP.
Unique In its simplicity.
The Times refers to this machine as follows “ A Type¬
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machine. . . . Fitted with capital and small letters, stops,
numerals, &c. . . . The manner in which the innchinc is
finished seems to leave nothing to be desired.”
Highest Awards, London, Liverpool, New York,
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DESCRIPTIVE PAPERS, FREE.
74, CORNHZLL, LONDON, S.C.
UMBRELLAS*
GEVERY UMBRELLA! FRAME YOU BUY
S.FOX & i C?Limited
PATENTEES &S0LE MANUFACTURERS OFALL 7 J
^STERLING IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FI
tefolOE
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided improvements (protected by
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Stability and greater Neatness to the
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
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their frames and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferior
makes.
Ic - 22 - 1888 THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS 757
NEW CHIMES FOR THE OLD YEAR
FROM ST. HELENS, LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND.
*
(♦
(4)
(4)
(4)
(♦;
('♦)
(+)
4
f-f)
i+i
*
4 )
'♦>
'4>
4‘
♦
4
^GAIN the festive holly crowns the year!
Again, with gladness, THOMAS BEECHAM sends
4 €BEt8TXAi
WAFTED FAR AND NEAR
To hosts of cordial hearts and troops of friends!
Joy be with all! bright hopes, good luck, and wealth!
And—what is found with BEECHAM’S PILLS—
GOOD 1 I 4 ITH f SMV 1 V 1 V
II.
And here, it seems befit to state
That during Eighteen Eighty-Eight
The sale of BEECHAM’S PILLS
Has grown at most tremendous rate.
By reason of their virtues great
To cure a hundred Ills!
Not on our British shores alone,
Have countless thankful sufferers known
This Medicine’s remedial pow’r,
But day by day, and hour by hour,
’Tis blessed on India’s sunny strand,
And hailed with joy in Yankee-Land,
Where, in the ’cutest spot on earth,
The ’cutest people know ’tis WORTH
A GUINEA A BOX!
(To all intents—
Though they figure it out in dollars and cents.)
III.
The swift muse of commerce now lovingly thrills
To tell of the triumphs of BEECHAM’S PILLS!
The Factory, splendid and worthy the times,
With its beautiful Clock and melodious chimes!
Then sing of what pen and what pencil have done
By means of the press in the year that has gone;
And the MUSIC PORTFOLIO, scattered galore,
To the number of six milli on copies, or more!
How much we could say if we might but delay!
But remember—
THE WONDER OF WONDERS, TO . DAY,
The strangest surprise, that will gladden your eyes,
And make you for ever both merry and wise,—
IS THE CHARM
U
BEECHAM’S ORACLE,”
HOUND TO DISCLOSE
What Fun says to Wisdom in language that glows!
Then get a supply from your Chemist, and see—
The NEW MUSIC’S Gratis! The ORACLE’S Free!
A SHILLING MAGAZINE FOB. A PEICICY.
BEECHAM’S CHRISTMAS A.N'N'TT AL.
4
(4
(+'
(4;
(4;
m
$
ILLUSTRATED.
TALES BY THE BEST AUTHORS. 70 Pages.
MAY BE HAD OF ALL NEWSAGENTS.
Per Post. 2d.
fur Lad it 4 Column, tee page 758; Will, and BeguuHe, page 700; Mueic, page J
758
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON
NEWS
DEC. 22, 1888
THE LADIES’ COLUMN.
Hero is the children’s season again! For the next fortnight or
more there will be small time for anything in child-provided
homes hut studying the amusement of those little happy folk
who are privileged by the season to take the first place. The
chief compensation for the disturbance of habits, the influx of
bills, and the fatiguing obtrusion of one idea in shop-windows
and in literature, is the reflection of how children enjoy
Christmas. Theirs is rather a mercenary pleasure, and rather a
greedy one, it is true ; the additions to the stock of toys or
other possessions, and the nice things to eat, form—well, may¬
be ninety-nine per cent of the sum-total of juvenile delight.
Perhaps it would be inconvenient if we asked ourselves how
much of our pleasure rests on no more elevated grounds.
Children enjoy taste so keenly that (short of making them ill)
it is worth while to indulge their appetite now and then in
season. Would that I could now enjoy anything as erst I did
cocoannt candy, strawberries, green peas, lemon ices, mince
pics, jam puffs (the three-cornered ones, twopence each at the
confectioner’s—alas ! when one has the taste one has not the
twopence ; when the twopence* are available the savour of the
viand has fled !). pine-apple, muscatel grapes, roasted chestnuts,
cherry tart and fizzing lemonade ! I do not think that all
those things can grow or be manufactured now-a-days as they
used to be in “ the sixties.” Something has happened, at all
events; and if I had not memories, I could not now discover,
seek as I might, what matchless flavours veritably lie in
earthly foods. Old Scotch nurses used to say of babes who
looked around with great wondering eyes and smiled upon
vacancy, that they beheld the angels, who become invisible
to older sight. Who knows .' The physical senses certainly
dull with use. The wild rapture of life’s morning can never
b? regained ; and nothing in after years can make up to a
man or woman for missing tbo in tenser joys and keener
pleasures of childhood, in a word, let ns give our children
what we may and while we may : with, as a matter of course,
that duo sense of results and ultimate consequences which true
kindness and ordinary prudence require. But it is so great a
thing to give happy hours in childhood for memory to store
away that I for one will count Christmas as a good season for
the children's sake.
Properly brought-up youngsters are made happy with very
little; hut they much appreciate novelties, which arouse the
fresh vivid interest that their minds have at command. There
are various alternatives for the familiar Christmas-tree which
it is worth while to trouble to get up occasionally for a party.
The simplest is to persuade some good-natured young man to
enact Father Christmas, who comes in bearing a sack of
presents on his back, and clad in an old long overcoat well-
powdered (after being sprinkled with water) with flour, inter¬
mixed with a little of the glistening powdered glass that can
be bought at theatrical costumiers. He should be provided
also with a big white wig and long beard, which can be
hired for the occasion, or made out of tow if necessary;
the face should be well covered, for the disguise and
the ‘‘fearful joy” of it are half the fun. He should
not speak, but should direct the formation of a circle
around him and indicate when each child is to approach to
receive his gift by signs made with the big branch of holly
or fir that he must carry. In these arrangements he would be
aided by one or two of the elders of the party.
Another novelty by means of which the presents can be
distributed is a snow cave. It should be placed in a corner of
a room—preferably another room than that in which the
games and dancing are going on—and at the proper moment
the children are introduced into the chamber, and then sent,
one by one, into the cave. The interior must be rather dark,
lit by a coloured lamp or lanterns only, and scented by burning
pastilles. There they will, one after another, receive their
presents from the Sybil, wrapped in mantle and hood, who
inhabits the mysterious recesses. The cave is made up by
throwing large sheets over a wooden open framework, which
it is eas}' to construct by tying together a kitchen clothes-
horse and two or three broomsticks. A rocky appearance must
be given to the outline by padding it irregularly with tissue-
paper, pinned on inside the sheet; and these projections can be
effectively covered with a thin layer of damped cotton-wool,
sprinkled with the powdered glass “ frosting powder,” so that
the whole appearance is like that of a rocky cave covered with
glistening snow. Another idea is to have the presents brought
into the room in a wheelbarrow, with one or two boys dressed
like postmen to distribute them to the rest of the children.
The object of the revision of the rules of the Central Com¬
mittee of the Woman's Suffrage Society, made at the meeting
on Dec. 12, was avowedly to introduce new enthusiasm into the
movement. The Time*, in a “leader” published the day
following the meeting, declared that the real intention was to
“ bring the women's suffrage movement into line with Glad-
stonianism.” There may possibly be something in this idea.
Certainly, the ladies opposing the revision were mainly Liberal-
Unionist and Conservative, while the ambitions young Glad-
stonian M.P. who occupied the chair played strange tricks
with his “ little brief authority ” in his anxiety to get the new
rnles through without delay, and the chief speakers in favour
of the changes were prominent members of Women’s Liberal
Associations, one of whom I have myself heard describe women's
suffrage as “ a fad ” which she would postpone to “ the interests
of the party.” But for all the apparently unmistakable indica¬
tions given by these tokens, the conclusion of the Time* writer
is not fundamentally correct. The prime movers in the revision
have no intention of making the fatal mistake of introducing
party feeling into what is essentially a non-party question.
The object in view in the new rules is bringing into focus the
feeling in favour of the political influence and enfranchise¬
ment of women which manifests itself in many forms of
public work. Women are daily more and more being led to
take a share in political action ; men are themselves persuad¬
ing their wives and daughters to join in it. The women thus
induced to take an active interest in politics inevitably come
to feel the need of the vote to give effect to their views, and
to feel also that when they are doing the harder and more
noisy and objectionable work of politics by canvassing, public
speaking, and organising there can be no valid reason why
they should not exercise influence by the far more simple,
easy, and ladylike—while also more effective—method of re*
cording their ballot. The new rules of the Women’s Suffrage
Society's Central Committee propose to affiliate to that society
all other bodies and organisations which vote approval of its
aims, and to allow them to send delegates in proportion to their
subscription to the election of the executive of the Suffrage
Committee. If the Primrose Leagues and Women’s Unionist
Associations do not accept the invitation, given to them
equally with Gladstonian Associations, to help in the suffrage
movement in this way, it will surely be their own fault. For
my part, I am heartily glad to see an active movement of any
kind. It is a token of vitality, a presage of speedy progress to
success. In political movements there is nothing so much to
be dreaded as stagnation; and even if women’s suffrage has
reached that stage when party leaders are beginning to
bid for its control, it is a happy augury and not matter for
regret. Florence Fenwick-Miller.
Van Houten’s ’SS
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WORTH et CIE., FAULKNER’S celebrated diamonds. Spanish crystals.I
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Fall iKMcriptlve Circulars and Measurement Forms
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134, NEW BOND-STREET, LONDON, W.
Butlers Musical Instruments
OP EVERY DESCRIPTION.
iL
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PhMtrattd Prlo-lUt (Slxt, Vtget) pon-ttt t.
MUOIE’S SELECT LIBRARY,
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to 34, HEW OXFORD-STREET. LONDON.
Violins.
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at any date for all part* of the
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ducate your Children while you amuse them
* RICHTER’S
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These Boxes contain
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Price from 3d upwards.
Write to-day for the
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The Genuine
EAU
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BY THE
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The best preventative ol toothache
Specially recommended, with tho
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OP ALL PBRFUMKHS, CHEMISTS, ETC.
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Berners 8tr.W. and City Road E.C. London
til. I
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idonN
Now Ready. Tenth Edition.
Contexts :—Symptoms of Dys-
pepsin and Indigestion : Special
Advice* ns to Diet and Regimen :
Diseases Sympathetic; Notes for
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Address: Publisher,46,Holborn
Viaduct, Loudon, E.C.
JJUISES ^ (M A L E).—The Hamilten
A iid I ey - * i rvvl!h >\n t to nW Tica Vn on cwl MrUeAttvnO-
tbe Medical Superintendent us abJ* c. 1 * C ****
THE ILLUSTRATED ' LONDON NEWS
759
c
NEW MUSIC.
1 II R I S T M A S NUMBER
J CTZLER nnd C O.’S LI S T.
(OIAPPELL’S MUSICAL MAGAZINE, ! VfUSIC FUR CHILDREN
V I,! 1,1 MliTZUiU S KKI> AI.IU M X.,
mg 11»<* follow nr: I'.•pillar Dance Mimic: -
lioROTIIY W ALT/..I*. HucaIm • - .
DOROTHY (JUADKILI.K.I* BiiciI.m-i.
ItlinilA WALT/. . IMIiumIm^i.
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VKlt U ISA NT WALTZ iTIi • limn w .ruO.. .1. H. WoU.m.
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THE 1*1. \NTATDlN LANCERS.Dm G.«lfrc>.
Till-: EUGENIE stTHimsiTIK .. «*:»»-. n*AII.CIV.
QOUNOD’S POPULAR SACRED SONGS.
J-J ARK, MY SOUL. IT IS TIIE LORD.
pEACE, PERFECT PEACE.
X..w ready. ~
J'HE YEOMEN OF^ THE GUARD.
'yy S. GILBEItTand ARTHUR SULLIVAN.
W.1U1, nml* Ubcc: .'(arnniKd l.r P.
\TUSIC FOR CHILDREN.
THE IIUTTKKKI.Y AMI THE HTMIII.E.IIKE. A
sung fur Children. By Henry Rose and .1. M.
rowAlll). Rung and played i»y The Children's
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\f USIC ™R CHILDREN.
l*LE akF, SING me a song; A Bonk containing
Twenty-four bright, cheerful, and healthy
sonjrs (winten liy Kills Walton and Mary
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HATTY’S LITTLE SONGS FOR LITTLE VOICES.
GATTY'S LITTLE SONGS FOR LITTLE VOICES.
Book 11.
OATTYS|LITTLE SONGS FOIt LITTLE VOICES.
Price 2s. fid. each net.
\IUSIC FOR CHILDREN.
AI A. II. CROWE S POPULAR V
P.llll
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rtf I is played hy all the
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TOSTI S NEW SONGS.
jyjORE ANI) MORE.
CROWE'S POPULAR VOCAL WALTZES.
SEESAW
FAIRIE VOICES,
LITTLE SAILORS.
GYPSIES.
ENGLISH nEAl’TIES.
THE ROSE 01'KEN.
HOME. (Eight Musical Pictures). Jin I published.
Tonic Sol-fa) 2 <l
'oral Pari (Ol'd Notation
|JEAUTY'S^ F.YES.^ ^
I»> Mr. Birringlou K*
Wear her
M USIC FOR CHILDREN.
Oiieretta for Children, A FIS
Operetta for Children, A FISHY CASE
Scale*nf .1 ustiee. Written by F.K. Weatuerty ;
composed hy A.J.CALniCOTT. Fnlldirection*
Twelfth Edition.
MAUDE VALERIE WHITES NEW Sn\G.
<J0 WE LL GO NO MORE A-ROVING.
O Word-h.v ||» ron.
A ch.irmiti'r Soli”, !•> tin- iii<>*( popular Conipo.ser.
r ford.
I ^yjUSIC FOR CHILDREN.
EC A USE I LOVE TIIEE.
NEW DANCE MUSH
P. RITA EOS'*!.
PASTORELLA. Waltz
1 By I'oiup >.-er of My '
pici
SUMMER NIGHT IN MUNICH. Waltz.
O H> Comp t-er of " Dorothy.'
I\REAM (THE). Waltz.
1 ' By Coin j>o-iT of II^ p it 1:1 Waltz."
/MIAPPELL and CO/S PIANOFORTES,
HARMONIUMS, and AMERICAN ORGANS, for Hite,
My <j»ccu" Waltz.
ICK-A-BACK. Polka.
up.. of " ]’. and O." r<dka.
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part - - if tho World.
( 1 LOUGH nnd WARRENS CELEBRATED
\J IMJ'.KII VN HKCAXS. fr.n. « $1 W
J^OVF.’S GULDEN DREAM WALTZ.
I OVE S GULDEN DltEAM. Bv THEU
Jj III l\ II i: I* K. - VM.l:Hl IP--I TM-I..
JOHN
Ti
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and C 0.
id that they aro
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PIANO.—Fiille-t coiii|<a-„ of -even
THOM AS’OETZMANN and CO., 27, Bakt
£*,
^ONG OF THE SEAWEED.
I £!
H
OW BEAUTIFUL IS NIGHT!
1 £
JOHN JJRINSMKAI) and SCONS’
PATENT SOSTKNKNTK PIANOS,
RETURNED FROM HIRE.
r. Re V\ iVV RKM •' k i»Vi;n ks.
M
USU AL BOXES
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ij I- at Ma:
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QIIOCOLAT
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IVf OORE and MOORE.—Pianos from Hi-* gs.
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• / • Ri (rent-Street. London. W.. have ft ehmrc -eh rtir.n of
upward* of lot SECONDHAND Grand._ ot |i : i".-. Odtaka*.and
A liter ic in brif.in*. cither f«..
their Thrce-Year* Syntein.
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Class o, it guineas. I Class 3,23 guineas. Class «,.1* guineas.
Class 1.1’ guineas. 1 Class 4. 2<i guineas. I Class 7. 4<i guineas.
Class 2.2u guineas. I Class S. 30 gttinoa<.' Class 8,45 guineas.
American Organs, hy the best Makers, from 4\ irmncas up to
. N.B. -The railway return fare will he refunded to
•r of an Instrument ext—’— *---‘
. .. within 2*»» miles of Lot
E.C. (Established uo Years).
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IS A WORLD-WIDE NECESSARY.
w
- ASKKT OK VOCAL (JEMS KOR Is.
J MORLEY and CO.'S NEW SERIES of
* SONG-BOOKS (Popular Modern Song*).
S T -
- -.. Suitable for all.
I o-t-free 13 stamps each volume.
JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS.
Book |. New Sungs by Pinsnti.
CHILDHOOD. By THF.OPniLE
Numliers Published. Solo-, 2s. fid.each ; Ducts,
LITTLE TREASURES. By H. M. RIGGS.
Second Series. Solos, 2*. fid. each ; Duets.
3-. each.
HEMYS ROYAL MODERN PIANOFORTE
TUTOR. Over a Quarter of a Million Copies
HEMY S VOCAL SCHOOL. Book I. Price -V.each.
I)R. STAINER'S AMERICAN ORGAN TUTOR. 5s.
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“ Aliy ehihl ean play I hi-dihciil fill little instril-
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TOY INSTRUMF.NTS. Two Guinea- jK'r Set.
ATETZI.F.R and m.’fi PATALOGUES OF
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METZLER and CO..
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Patience Rewarded.cip! plnUiStS"
8'>incoiic*.s Sweetheart .. .. C.ro Puisuti.
CT. JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS.
^ ' Do"k 2. Bass or Baritone songs.
F'/snu the Field.Tlico. Ilonlietir.
The of.nS CS .Thoma^Hutchinson.
Tlio Watchman .. !! Joseph P. Knight.
}JT. JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS.
Book 3. Mmlern .Songs worth Singing.
The Watchman Mid the Chihl .. F. ll.Cowen.
Fairv Tales .. .A. II. BHircnd.
Waiting, my darling, for you .. Henry Pouter.
1 lime for Ever .Thomas Hutchinson.
CT. JAMES'S SONG-BOOKS.
Ihiok l. New’Hittnoron-Songs.
The Merry flld Mml.Louis Diehl.
Turning lhe Tallies.A. J. Caldicott.
Cleverly Caught .Henry pnntei.
•*‘**»» .Cots ford Dick.
<;T. JAMES'S SONG-BOOKS.
„ . Book 5. Popular Songs worth Singing.
A Vision.Henry pontet.
Only Then .. .Then. Bon hen r.
J)oar Thoughts of Ollier Days .. Cir<» Piti-uli.
My Heart i* Tlunc for Ever .. Wilford Morgan.
CT. JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS. *
Bookfi. Favourite Songs worth singing.
When Night is Darkest .. .. Edward Land.
Somebody .In-epli Skr.if.
By the Al»l»e.v Dour.Bert hold Tours.
A Garland Fair .A. M. Wakctlehl.
Medium eonnwss, free from difficulty.
Tho Hnest collection of pretly songs published."
Mu-ic and words complete.
Free 13 stamps each.—W. Moui.ky and Co.. 127, Regeut-st., V
( 'HRISTMAS HOLIDAY ArraiiironiontH.
I v LONDON. BRIGHTON,Mid SOUTH COAST RAILWAY.
.except those issued for a less distance
PORTSMOUTH and the ISLE OF WIGHT.
| L EXTRA TRAINS, Dec. 22. 24, and ‘.’fi. The Kn-I Train
leaving Victoria Am p.m., and London B.’ldge 4..V» p.m., will
lake in-scngors for ltj
Shaiiklin. Ventn»r, nnu..
.-t, 2nd, and 3rd Class i
Helens. Bcmbridge. J 1
HRISTMAS DAY—Extra I
(“mi- -- .
I Class) from Portsmouth Harbour 7 a
Boats in connection fr><ni Itvdc,«.3oai
A SPECIAL TRAIN will leave Vcu
all Stations lo Hyde Pier i
At., of all Publishers. New copies, best editions. Price-coin-
mclicc 4d.. fid., -d. Catalogue- Tilt |-i»t-free. J. W. MoKK.VTT,
Caledonlan-road, London, N. Kstatili^hed is;;.
COACHING.
■yyAIT FOR JTHE "WONDER.”
I>RIGHTON EVERY SUNDAY’, AND ON
| O CHIilSTMAS DAY.-Firm- Clnu Cli.it|. Train- li.im
I » ictoria |o.iyia.m. and 12.15 p.m., calling at Clnplmm Junction
and ( roydon. Retuniiug from Brighton (Central Si ai ion) or
1 Brlg ,,on ,,y ll,,y Tniin the .sutue day. Fare. Fir-L ( la.--,
A Pullman Drawing-Room Car is run in the lo.l.» a.m.
Traiu from Victoria to Rrighron (Central Station), returning
from Ilrightoii (Central otatimi) by the s.io p.m. train.
Bi- cinl Cheap Fare from Victoria, including Pullman Car, 12-.,
also available fi*r rot urn (First Class) by any oilier train Mime
day from Brighton (Cent ml Station) or West Brighton.
/1HRISTMAS EVE EXTRALATE TRAIN^
.Vr. A Train will leave Victoria 1lA5ii.ni.,nnd London
Bridgeatjuidnight. Monday. Dec. 24, for Redhili, Brighton,
t, 2nd, and 3rd Classi.
1 1)RANCH BOOKING-OFFICES—For the
convenience of Passengers who may desire to take their
Tickets in advauce.the following Branch Booking-Office-, in
, addition to those at the Victoria and London Bridge Stations,
I arc now oitcn for tiic Issue of Tickets toall Stations on the
London Brighton, and South Coast Railway to the I.Ie of
: Wight. Pans, and the Continent, Ac. :—
*Tho Company's West-End IkMiking-Olllccs. 2 h. Regent.
' CI ^ U I‘ Piccadilly. W.: and H. Grand Hotel-buildings,
took-Tourist Offices, Ludgate-circu* and Euston-r<>ad.
Gaze s Tourist omccs, 142. Strand.
liny .s’ City Agency, 4, Royal Exchange-buildings, Cornliill.
Jaktn- " The R<-l Cap," Camden Town ; ami DO, Leadenhall-st.
Tickets issued nt these Offices will ho dated to sail the
convenience of Passengers.
•These two Offices w ill remain open until 10 p.m. on Friday,
Will yon come with me. old chappie.
To •piaint St. Albans towr* ' J
The journey is delightful;
COLLARD ROSEWOOD PIANINO.
Say “ Yc-Vj and d
it for the ‘
And we’ll all take a ritie.
The " Wonder”'* drawn by splendid teams,
>\ itli iwco and action grind :
For quality and looks combined
No better in the land.
Wait, Ac.
Do you know why their J*
Ami their endurance go*
With •Ridge's Patent Fmal."
Am) after luncheon at the “George"
' " Wall ,"*(■" ‘ a> ''
You'll find none the rihhoti: handle
In any better -tvic
Than the owner of the “Wonder,"
To the tick lie d<-es eacli mile.
Wait, Ac.
Then, hurrah for Mr. Rumney
Don’t forget thr^ime of starting
And back again at six-llfteen,
Af.cr a plea-a nt drive.
Wait, Ac.
: ^OACHING.—1IS3.232 ^ English Miles on
S-iturday, and Monday. Dec. 21, 2
For further particular* sec ............
Slat ions, nnd at any of the above offices.
Handbills, to be had ?
all
(By Order) A. Saule. Secretary and General Jlatiager.
WHAT IS YOUR CREST and WIIAT
VV 18 YOUR MOTTO!-Bend name and county to
OULLETON’S Heraldic Office. Painting in heraldic colour*.
7s. fid. Pedigree* traced. The correct colour* fur liveries.
The arm* of husband and wife blended. Crest engravod on
aeals and die*,88. fid. Book plateB engraved in ancient and
modern stylet.—25, Cranbourn-Btreot. W.C.
C ULLETON’S GUINEA BOX of
STATIONERY-* Ream of Paper and 500 Envelopes,
stamped with Crest or Addrett. No charge f<«r engraving
steel die*. Wedding and Invitation Card*. A CARD
PLATE nnd fifty heel Cards, Printed, 2a. 8d.. post-free, by
T. CU LLETON, Seal Engraver, 25, Craubouru-atrcct (cornet i f
St. Martm'a-laue), W.C.
RISTMAB LECTURES.
beinarle-strc t, Piccadilly. W.
M.A.. F.R.S.. will deliver a t*.»n
laided to a Juvenile Auditor
1)1. A Nil." rninmciu'itig >>n Till l;
now he obtained at the Institution.
i. Two Guinea-.
NOTICE of REMOVAL to 1315, Regent-street.
W.-POPE and PLANTE, Hosiers, Shirtmakcrs. ami
Manufacturers of Elastic Stockings, have REMOVED from
xVaterlou-pincc to the above addre--.
QOUGHS, COLDS, ASTHMA,
BRONCHITIS, and NEURALGIA.
D*
F)R. J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
Z-/ CHLORODYNE.—The Right Hon. Earl Russell omnni.
nicatod to tiic College of Physicians ami J.T. I)avcii|M»rt that
lie had received information to the effect that the only rena dv
of any service in cholera was Chlorudyno.—See “J.anci t,'"
i. reis’ater action, iron plate,
fr«•• ■ ami forwarded.
7, Ifcikcr-streel, London, W.
40. — BROAD WOOD COTTAGE
PIANOFORTE, nt elegant ro-ewmsi ca«e. richly cm*
I.em-hed, metallic plait*, bras* studs, seven octaves, all
TiVoM.\sVlKT/.MAXN :nnl CO.. ST. Iliker-st jw*. 1."n'l.'n.W,
t safety between Hatchett's
of St. AIl»aris, leaving Picca-
k, and returning to Pieeaunly
QOCKLE’S
^NTIBILIOUS
D R J. COLLIS BROWNES
CHLORODYNE.—Extract from the “Medical Times,"
; Jan. 12, IsfiC:—“ Is prescribed by scores of ortliodox practi¬
tioner*. Of course, it would not be thus singularly popular
did it not supply a want and All a place.”
TAR. J. COLLIS BROWNE’S
I 1' CHLORODYNE is the best and most certain remedy in
Coughs,Colds, Asthma,Consumption,Neuralgia,Rheumatism
P ILLS ' , D®’„
P0CKLES ANTIBIUOUS PILLS.
V. ’ KOI
KOI! I.IVKR.
pOCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
FOB
POCKLE’S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
VA FOR IN HIRES
pOCKLE S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
KJ FOR HEA
FOR HEARTBURN.
JJROWN & pOLSON’S (NORN pLOUR
FOR THE NURSERY.
pROWN & pOLSON'S (YORN pLOUR
FOR THE FAMILY TABLE.
pROWN & pOLSON’S (JORN pLOUR
FOR THE SICK-ROOAL
pROWN fc pOLSON’S QORN pLOUR
HAS A WORLD-WIDE REFUTATION.
-ypHAT TO GIVE FOR A PRESENT .’—Few
ji iV-Ti;LAss.” tiV'fe\vcr h11M KLve cii lor so little !
! a"lf11e'd R'i’EAlicEl'S; Ludgite bill. (EtUl.lieUed 1760.)
QOLDS
pR. DU:
^LKARAM. (JOLDS.
^LKARAM. (JOLDS.
^LKARAM. ^OLDS.
F inhaled on the Rrst symptoms. ALKARAM
will »t once arrest tliem. nnd cun’ severe caeca in half nn
lionr. Sold I>yaIlnn'Hiist>.C..!M.a Holrle. Addrova, Or. Dunbar,
care of Slessra. F. Nen bcry and Sons, I, Kins Edward-Ji., K.C.
! TV R. J. COLLIS BROWNES
I' CHLORODYNE.—CAUTION.—None Ken nine without I ho
• words“I)r. J.Colli* Browne’*Uhlorodyne” on thcGoverniiK nt
, stamp. Overwhelming medical testimony arcnmpanx'-
' Bottle. Sole Manufacturer, J. T. DAVENPORT :
(jHRISTMAS PRESENTS
RODRIGUES’, 42, PICCADILLY.
SF.T.S FOR THE WRITING-TABLE AND Bui nOTR,
1 IN POLISHED BRASS, OXIDIZED SI LV KR, amK II IN A.
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DRESSING CASES. DESPATCH BOXES.
JEWEL CASKS. ENVELnPK CASKS.
CASKSOK IVORY BRUSHES STATIONERY CABINETS.
CARRIAGE CLOCKS. WRITING CASKS.
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FANS. IVORY AND PEARL. CIGAR CABINETS.
I BOXES OF GAMES. CIGARETTE BOXES.
> LlyUKUU CASKS. PURSES: CIGAR CA>US.
USEFUL AND ELEGANT PRESENTS IN SILVER.
And a large and choice Assortment of ENGLISH.
VIENNESE, and PARISIAN NOVELTIES, from 5-. to x'5.
cleanses mrtially-decayeU teeth from all jnrasites or living
animahMiIx*. leaving them pearly white, imparting a delight¬
ful fragrance to the breath. The Fragrant Floriltne remove*
instantly all <h! ours arising from a foul stomach or tobacc *
smoke : being jmrlly comp-»s«’d of honey, soda, nnd extmctsof
• ‘iandplants.it is ixrfectly debt. * ...
VALUABLE DISCOVERY for the HAIR.
▼ if your hair is turning grey, or white, or falling off,
falling off,
restore*in^every ca«o (irey or White Hair to it*original colour,
“The Mexican Hair Renewer.’ for 1
without leaving the disagreeable smell v»f in
” nakes the hair cliarmiii"'*' . . . "■* *"
growth of the hair o
decayed. “The Mex
T ravelling dressing bags.
Morocco, with Hall-marked Sterling Silver Fittings,
£5 5s., £10 10s*., £15, £20, £30, to £50.
PORTRAIT ALBUMS at RODRIGUES’,
JL for Cartes-do-Visite and Cabinet Portraits, K*s. fid. to £5.
REGIMENTAL AND PRESENTATION ALBUMS.
R ODRIGUES’ MONOGRAMS.
ARMS, CORONET, CREST, and ADDRESS DIES,
Engraved as Gems from Original and Artistic Design*.
NOTE-PAPER and ENVELOPES, brilliantly illuminated by
hand in Gobi. Silver. Bronze, and Colours.
BEST RELIEF STAMPING, any colour is. per ]nn.
All the New and Fashionable Note-PaiHTs.
BALL PROGRAMMES. MENUS, and GUKST CAUT.S,
WEDDING CARDS. INVITATIONS, and BOOK PLATES.
A VISITING CARD PLATE, elegantly Engraved, aud 1‘rt
sni*crflnc CARDS Printed,for 4s. 6d.
RODRIGUES’, 42, PICCADILLY, LONDON.
700
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 22, 1853
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The Scotch Confirmation, under seal of the Commiss&riot of the
City of Edinburgh, of the trust, disposition, and settlement
(dated May 23. 1883) of Mr. John Clerk Brodie, C.B., late of
Idvios, Deputy Keeper of the Signet and Keeper of the General
Register of Basinet for Scotland, who dic'd on May 27, at
No. 2(1, Moray-place. Edinburgh, granted to the Right Hon.
James, Baron Moncrieff, Charles Bowman Logan, David
Wardlow, the nephew, and James Howden, the executors
nominate, was resealed in London on Dec. 10. the value of the
personal estate in England, Scotland, and Ireland amounting
to upwards of £139,(MX).
The will (dated Feb. 10. 1883), with a codicil (dated
March 1. 1888), of Mr. Philip Thomas Fish, late of No. 18,
Highbury - terrace. Islington ; No. 7, Philip - lane, E.C.;
and Birmingham, who died on Nov. 1, was proved on
Dec. 7 by Samuel Bennett, the nephew, and Herbert
Clifford Gosnell, the executors, the value of the personal
estate amounting to upwards of £65,000. The testator
bequeaths £50 each to the Orphan Asylum at Watford, the
Infant Orphan Asylum (Wanstead), Asylum for the Indigent
Blind, the National Benevolent Society, the National Life-
Boat Institution, the Hospital for Paralysis and Epilepsy
(Queen-square), the Deaf and Dumb Asylum (Old Kent-road),
the Hospital for Incurables (Putney), the Cancer Hospital
(Broinpton). the Earlswood Asylum for Idiote, and the Sea-
Bathing Infirmary at Margate ; £20 to the Holloway and
North Islington Dispensary ; £4000 to his nephew, Henry
Bennett ; £100 and an annuity of £150 to his niece, Ann
Fish ; £50 each to the children of Charles FranciB Yates;
£5000, upon trust, for Charles Francis Yates, for life, then to
his wife, Louisa, for life, and then to their children ;
and other legacies. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, for his nephew, Samuel Bennett,
for life ; on his death, to his wife, Georgiana ; and on the death
of the survivor of them, as to the capital as well as the income,
to their children, in equal shares.
The will (dated June 16, 1883), with a codicil (dated
Oct. 11, 1886), of Mr. Griffith Thomas, late of Park House,
Englefield Green, Egham, who died on Sept. 20. was proved on
Dec. 6, by Henry Brockholes Thomas, the son, Samnel
Hawkesley Burbury and William Walrond Ravenhill. the
executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £52,000.
The testator bequeaths £750, all his jewels, personal ornaments
and consumable stores, and the use, for life, of his household
furniture and effects to his wife, Mrs. Martha Thomas : £200
to his son Henry ; £100 each to his daughters. Fannie Brock-
holes Thomas and Charlotte Mande Thomas ; £100 each to his
executors; £50 each to his son-in-law, Cecil Coward, and to
his daughter-in-law, Helen ; and gifts of plate and pictures
between his children. The residue of his real and personal
estate he leaves, upon trust, to pay £1500 per annum to his
wife for life ; £200 per annum to his son, Henry ; £100 per
annum each to his daughters, Fannie and Charlotte, and the
remainder of the income between his four children, Henry,
Fannie, Charlotte, and Mrs. Catherine Elizabeth Coward. On
the death of his wife he gives all his estate, and debentures
and shares in the Slate Quarry Company, to his son ; £2300
each to hia daughters, Fannie and Charlotte, to make their
share equal to that of his other daughter, Mrs. Coward ; and
the ultimate residue is to be divided into four parts, one for
his son and one each, upon trust, for his three daughters.
The will (dated May 19, 1888) of Mr. John Egginton, late
of South Ella, Yorkshire, who died on July 20 last, was proved
on Dec. 5 by Arthur Egginton, the son and sole executor, the
value of the personal estate exceeding £44,000. The testator
gives £150 to his brother Robert ; £100 to Themas Holden,
Thomas North, Charlotte Charles and Fanny Charles ; £100
each to the Hull Dispensary and the Hull Infirmary ; £6000
to his daughter Mary Frances Egginton, and £3300 and his
house and stables, No. 117, St. George’s-square, Pimlico, to his
daughter. Elizabeth Egginton, the testator stating that his said
two daughters are also otherwise provided for. The residue of
his real and personal estate, including property over which he
Las a power of appointment, he leaves to his son Arthur
absolutely.
The will (dated Dec. 21, 1869) of Mr. Richard Cockerfcon,
late of No. 83, Corn wall-gardens, South Kensington, who died
on Oct. 1, at Winchester, was proved on Dec. 10 by Mrs.
Clementina Cockerton, the widow and sole executrix, the value
of the personal estate exceeding £39,000. The testator assigns,
disposes, and devises the whole of his estate, heritable and
movable, real and personal, to his wife absolutely.
The will (dated Aug. 8, 1887) of Mr. Thomas Alexander
Roberts, late of the Manor Hall, St. John's-wood Park, South
Hampstead, and No. 22, Throgmorton-street, who died on Oct. 6,
was proved on’ Dec. 10 by Thomas Gilbert Peckham, Charles
Hill Devey, and Alexander Roberts, the executors, the value of
the personal estate exceeding £34,000. The testator bequeaths
£1000, his household furniture, Ac., the income, for life, of
£6000 Two-and-a-Half per Cent Annuities, his shares in the
Gas Light and Coke Company and the London Auction Mart
to hiB wife ; £1000 each to his nieces, Adela and Ethel Jenkin-
son ; £3000 to his sister, Mrs. Fanny Jenkinson ; £1000 to his
daughter, Mrs. Florence Mary Rogers ; £500 to his niece, Mrs.
Cecil Greenwood ; £500 to augment the funds of the
Auctioneers’ Benevolent Fund ; £ 100 to the Earlswood Asylum
for Idiots ; £100 to his partner, Mr. R&dmill ; £600 between
his executors ; and other legacies. On the death of his wife,
he gives his shares in the London Auction Mart to his grand¬
son, Harold Sydney Rogers; and his shares in the Gas Light
and Coke Company and £6000 Two-and-a-Half per Cent
Annuities, to his daughter, Mrs. Florence Mary Rogers. He
devises his freehold property in Praed-street, upon trust, to
pay £100 per annum to his sister. Mrs. Fanny Rogers, for life,
and then to his grandson, Harold Sydney Rogers. The residue
of his property he leaves to his said daughter absolutely.
The will (dated June 15, 1886) of Mr. Robert Taylor Heape,
late of Higbfield, Rochdale, Lancashire, who died on Nov. 18,
was proved on Dec. 8 by Benjamin Heape, Robert Taylor
Heape, and Richard Heape, the sons, and Robert Welburn, the
executors, the value of the personal estate in the United
Kingdom exceeding £31,000. The testator gives £50 each to
his daughter, Sarah Heape, his daughters-in-law, Annie Heape
and Jane Isabella Heape, and his sister-in-law, Lizzie Heape ;
£100 to Robert Welburn ; and he specifically bequeaths all his
household furniture, plate, pictures. Ac. The residue of his
real and personal estate he leaves, as to £6000, part thereof, to
his daughter, Sarah Heape, and the remainder thereof between
his sons, Samuel, Benjamin, Robert Taylor, and Richard, and
his grandson, Robert Grnndy Heape, in equal shares, as tenants
in common.
The will (dated Nov. 22, 1887) of Miss Rebecca Gray, late
of No. 27, Kensington-gardens-terrace, who died on Nov. 17,
was proved on Dec. 4 by Spencer Perceval Butler, the nephew,
Edith Oxenham, the niece, and Richard Melville Beachcroft,
the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding
£28,000. The testatrix bequeaths £4100 to her nephew,
Edward Gray ; £1100 each to her nieces, Ellen Augusta Gray
Kythe Louise Gray, and Mrs. Florence Why ley ; £520 to her
sister, Mrs. Rachel Charlotte Oxenham ; £300 to Edward
Oxenham ; £100 to Spencer Perceval Butler ; £100 to
St. Mary’s Hospital, Paddington ; and legacies to her relatives.
The residue of her real and personal estate she leaves as to one
half thereof between Edward Gray, Ellen Augusta Gray, Con¬
stance Gray, Kythe Louise Gray, and Mrs. Florence Whyley ;
one quarter thereof to her nephew', Spencer Perceval Butler;
and the remaining quarter to her sister, Mrs. Rachel Charlotte
Oxenhaui.
Mr. Henry Bodkin Poland has been raised to the rank of
Queen’s Counsel.
The chairman of the Executive Committee of the South
London Polytechnic Institutes has recently received the
following donations ;—Sir Edward C. Guinness. £1000 (being
a second donation of that amount), Mr. Howard Morley, £500
(payable in five years), the Rev. G. F. Whidborne. £200 ;
Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, £105; and Messrs. Peek and
Frean, £100.
In the coarse of an address to the girls of Exeter High
School, on Dec. 15, the Countess of Portsmouth referred to the
spread of the High School system, and rejoiced that its flourish¬
ing condition was of value not merely to one class but to many
grades of society, inasmuch as it gave a liberal and cultured
education to the children of the residents of different social
positions and varied fortunes. There might be errors, fallacies,
and impracticable ideas among the executive of the system,
but these were being rapidly removed, and great results were
in store.for them.
The extraordinary popularity of our spirited contemporary,
'Hie Penny Illustrated Paper , which circulates widely through¬
out the realm, has acted on its attractive Special Christmas
Number, which is going off “ like wildfire.” No wonder. For
fourpence the reader secures in this bright Christmas Number
one of the most charming Coloured Prints of the season in
•* Come under the Mistletoe,” several right pleasant pictures in
black and white, and quite a budget of entertaining reading,
provided by favourite authors for the Christmas Holidays;
prominent among the original stories being a powerful
dramatic romance of the South African Diamond Fields,
“ Diamonds led ; Hearts are Trumps," by John Latey. junior ;
and Mr. George R. Sims’s droll farcical tale of “ Tinkletop’s
Crime.” With its cheery Christmas pictures and photographs
of the contributors into the bargain, this annual is one of
the best to wile away a railway journey with.
M. Govi, an Italian savant, has presented a paper to the
French Academy of Sciences, in w'hichhe claims lor Galileo
the distinction of having discovered the microscope as well as
the telescope. He has found a book, printed in 1610, according to
which Galileo had already directed his tube fitted with lenses to
the observation of small near objects. The philosopher him¬
self stated, shortly after this date, that he had been able to
observe through a lens the movements of minute animals and
their organs of sense. In a letter, written in 1614 to a Signor
Tarde, he states that he has with his microscope *• seen and
observed flies as large as sheep, and how their bodies were
covered with hairs, and they had sharp claws.” The
date usually assigned to the discovery of the microscope is
1621. and the invention is attributed to Cornelius Drebbel, a
Dutchman ; but according toM. Govi the date must be thrown
back eleven years, and the credit of the first construction
awarded to Galileo.
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POSTAL ORDER DEPARTMENT.
x Messrs. MAPLE and CO. beg respectfully to state that
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MAPLE and OO., Upholsterers by Special
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MAPLE ; S FURNISHING STORES are
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MAPLE and CO., Timber Merchants and
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TTTr, TL LUST HATED LONDON NEWS
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J- S. FRY and SONS, BRISTOL, LONDON, and SYDNEY, N.S.W.
7C2
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC.
MUSIC.
The tenth of the present series of Saturday afternoon concerts
at the Crystal Palace—and the last of the year—took place on
Dec l.'», when Dr. C. Hubert Parry’s oratorio, “Judith,” was
performed. Having spoken of the work in detail, on the
occasion of its production at the Birmingham Festival last
August, nnd having noticed its repetition at the Novello
Oratorio Concert at St. James’s Hall on Dec. fi, slight mention
of ita performance at the Crystal Palace will suffice. The
principal solo vocalists on this occasion were Miss Anna
Williams, Madame Pater, Mr. B. M’Guckin, and Mr. Brereton.
As before, the several groups of choruses, with their varied
dramatic character, proved especially effective. Dr. Mackenzie
conducted the performance.
The third concert of the present season of the Boyal Choral
Society (and last of the year) took place at the Royal Albert
Hall, on Dec. I."», when Sir Arthur Sullivans dramatic cantata,
“The Golden Legend.” was performed. The great and wide¬
spread popularity which the work has obtained since its first
production at the Leeds Festival of 1880 sufficiently attests
the value of the composition and the prevailing good taste
which recognises it. It is needless again to expatiate on merits
that are now to generally known. The principal solo vocalists
on Dm. l.*> were Mesdames Nordica and Belle Cole, Mr. Lloyd,
and Mr. Henschel.
The last of Mr. Henschel's London Symphony Concerts of
the year took place recently. The programme, which con¬
tained no novelty, included a repetition of the “Suite,” from
Herr Grieg’s characteristic music to “ Peer Gynt,” previously
given at Mr. Henschel's first concert of the series.
The second of Herr Waldemar Meyer's grand orchestral
concerts at St. James's Hall included Dr. Mackenzie's violin
concerto, that by Beethoven, and a movement from one by
Spohr, in each of which the concert-giver displayed special
executive merits. A new overture by Dr. Stanford was pro¬
duced ; it iB entitled “ Queen of the Seas,” and is a piece of
“ programme-musiccomposed for the centenary of the
defeat of the Spanish Armada. It contains some very spirited
and effective orchestral writing, a strong contrast being
obtained by the incidental use of a solemn old English psalm-
tune. Other features of the concert call for no specific mention.
Dr. Stanford conducted, with the exception of Dr. Mackenzie's
concerto, which was directed by the composer.
The Heckmann quartet party gave the second concert of
their present series at Princes' Hall recently, their programme
on this occasion having comprised string quartets by great
masters, in which the admirable ensemble of the executants
was notably displayed. A feature of the concert was the
excellent rendering, by Madame Haas and Herr Bellmann, of
Beethoven’s Sonata, for piano and violoncello, in D (Op. 102).
Simultaneously with the Heckmann concert, the third of
Madame EssipofFs pianoforte recitals took place at Stein way
Hall. The programme was of varied interest, drawn from
composers of the past and present periods. Her performance
of Schumann’s Fantasia in C, and shorter pieces by modern
composers, formed a brilliant display of executive skill.
M. Falcke (from Paris) gave a pianoforte recital at Stein-
way Hall, on Dec. 14, when he displayed great technical skill
in the execution of a series of pieces, especially of those of the
modern brilliant school.
Effective concerts have recently been given by the Guild¬
hall School of Music, the Royal College of Music, and the
Hyde Park Academy of Music; in each case the progress of
the students having been satisfactorily demonstrated.
The Monday Popular Concerts at St. James’s Hall are sus¬
pended for the usual Christmas interval; the Saturday after¬
noon performances associated with them being intermitted
after the concert of Dec. 22. At the previous afternoon con¬
cert (on Dec. 1">) Madame N6ruda resumed her position as
leading violinist after her recent indisposition. Miss Zimmer-
mann was the pianist. At the last evening concert of the
year—on Dec. 17—Brahms's charming “Gipsy-Songs” were
repeated, and they were announced for repetition on Saturday
afternoon, Dec. 22, again, with Madame Henschel, Miss Lina
Little. Mr. Shakespeare, and Mr. Henschel as vocalists •
Fanny Davies being the pianist at both concerts. *
The approach of Christmas and the preparations for the
entertainments and amusements which prevail at that festive
season, cause the usual temporary subsidence of musical
activity. Some of the principal serial concerts (as mentioned
above) are suspended for a more or less brief period. Of the
arrangements for the early weeks of the new year we must
speak hereafter.
The earliest important Christmas performance of “The
Messiah” was that of the second Novello Oratorio Concert of
the series, at St. James’s Hall, on Dec. 18.
The Carl Rosa Opera Company will begin its annual season
at the Royal Court Theatre, Liverpool, on Dec. 31. The list of
singers includes many well-known names, among them being
those of Mesdames Georgina Burns and Julia Gaylord, Miss
Fanny Moody, Mr. B. McGuckin, Mr. F. Celli, Mr. Leslie
Crotty, besides several artists who will make their first
appearance. The repertoire of the company now includes a
large number of classical and popular operas, recent important
additions being English versions of Meyerbeer’s “Robert le
Diable” and “L'Etoile du Nord,” and Halevy’s “La Jnive.”
These, and Wagner’s “ Lohengrin,” are among the approaching
performances at Liverpool.
MARRIAGE.
On Dec. 1, at St. Philip’s, Karl's-Court, S.W.. James Robert, only child of
Mrs. Mnhlah Addyos Scott, of 6, Cambridge-gate, and Wntllnghope Manor,
and Xorbury, Salop.and Great Barr, Ware, to Lizzie, daughter of the late
Mrs. Maurice, Pension Mttllcr, Bonn, Germany.
DEATHS.
On Dec. 2. nc Ryhope Hall, in the county of Durham, John, the beloved
husband of Eleanor Hobson, aged 76.
On Nov. 16, at her residence. Rose Hill, Bowdon, Cheshire. Margaret
Bower, eldest daughter of the late Major Bower, of High Grove, Chcadle,
Cheshire, formerly of the Breck, near Liverpool.
The charge for the insertion of Births, Maniugcs, and Deaths,
is Five Shillings.
( \LYMPIA. — WINTER EXHIBITION.
' 9 1 nr m i. \ u :,.v. vm.<hi;:- rM hkvkl>
L ATTRACTION*
TO THE QUEEN.
FRODSHAM’S
NEW WATCH,
s »« r . /• II Cold >
M R. RICHARD MANSFIELD will OPEN
hi* HKtrtON at the GLOBE TIIKATTlF., SATURDAY
KVKSINU. »KC. in I'll INCK K A HI,, nt MT,. with hew
Seem r> aii<I New Drc***.-*, I’KIM'R KARL will )** nreeu.h'A
in K rhl prernel.i. f.j KDITHA'rt HI Hi;I.Alt. Mr. Lionel
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MONTE PAULO.-Hotel Victoria.
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Chiuttir [*.*ni.ni! 130 rooiii«. BU Tio'lc^nUrfo. ndhanl "and
beuli room*. ItKY Rkothkuk. Rroimotora.
r PIIE AttCiOSY.—F BATHERS TON'S
A- STORY, l.y JOHNNY LUDLOW fMr*.
A Kiris Y f. »r J A N U AU Y. Si >W ready!
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T he argosy for January.
CojtrrvTH:
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EUREKA
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HRESS SHIRTS-FORD’S NEW RIBBED
AS PIQl’E.
In Sixteen Sizes, 5s. fid., as. 6d. each.
Kneli in,a Box, liy PiirFol Post free.
R. FORI) and CO., 41, Poultry, London.
Returned ready for
use, carriage i«iu.—u. ruuu ana uu., 4J, Poultry, London. |
Y^GIDIUS.—The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
-a that nerer shrink in washing, not if washed I no time*.
Elastic, softa* silk, 8s. till., lo*. 6d., 13a. 6d. Carriage froe.
Write for Pattern* and Self-measure to
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WATCHES
| HADE TO
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FROM
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| ENGLISH THREE-QUARTER KEYLESS LEVER,
COMPENSATION BALANCE, Uli BY JEWELLED.
Manufactory and only Address:
C. E. FRODSHAM, Ltd., 31, Gracechureh-st,London, E.C.
ikaellera, 4c.,
pARIS rLLUSTRE CHRISTMAS NUMBER.
u.'l‘Mn.A
N INoiNAU^'B/w. Macdonald Ox loj
Tt’lFLKTTK]
MAGAZINE.
ell. Hi
I VKF.SPK AUK'S RKI.lt;
S' AND POLITICS. By
London.
T H E M
Pru-i
I. THE VIRdl....
II. TIIK HOP 4h OK THE WtiLF. By Sr.mle) .1. WVjm.iri.
III. GLIMPSES OF OLD ENGLISH HOMES •_ VI. Berkeley
Pa«t Ip. By KHnheib Bnlrb.
IV. Till: OLD SERGEANT. By Archibald Fori**.
• It II
• II. '
V r II. \
C.ETKR
lo. By V.
. By H I
< and Vo., London.
CHEAP EDITION OP MISS BRADDONS NOVELS
Price |>ictur« cot or : 5*. W., cloth gilt, i
T IKE AND UNLIKE. A Novel. By the
AJ AllflrT 1‘f •• Lull Audi- y - S. .-rel" " Vl\en." A<\
. I „ in II hi k- i- I . f:ir t In tie ml effect nc of Ml»* I
By JOHN H. CLARKE. M.D.
id 4*. Tlirendnecdle-*
^ r 0UR Income can still be Increased £2 to
of nil N(»!i ell • I i.I -Ml K wilt II.. ■ k -1 :i: i - : i,r !• .-1-flee, I'd.
S3. Mark-lane. London.
Eleventh Edition, Is.; post-free, 13 stamps,
rrilE HUMAN HAIR : Why it Falls Off
1 or Turns Grey, and the Remedy. By rilOFESSOR
HARLEY PARKER. PnM-.slied hy K. Mii.i.s.'.M, Clavcrt.-n-
4C..S. W. " Every l.tnly should rmd i In* lit tie l.o.«k."- Sc«it*innn.
“ SPHERE IS UNQUESTIONABLY ” no
A. Iirtler rernedv in tin wlmtr \v..rl«l f..r nil couch and
t lirnnt tr-.ul.Ic*^ tIm« K KA|PING S LOZENGKS-any^m. dicaI
BALLYHOOLEY
WHISKEY. ^” I
Wholesale and Export of
J. and j. VICKERS and CO., Limited, |
LONDON A DUBLIN.
iF.ngliali Edition) is issued Weekly,
idNcw Y 11
WAT.KER'fl CRYSTAL CASE WATCHES.
» " An Illustrated catalogue of Watches and Clocks at
reduced price* *ent free on npi'lic.'itinn to
JOHN WALKER, 77,CvrnhiJl; and 330, Regent-street.
D isregarded defects of
DEVELOPMENT IN RELATION TO THE CURVES
OF THE SPINK. By T. W. NUNN. F.It.C.8.
London : J. ID mits, Oxford-street. Price One Shilling.
r PHE COLONIAL COLLEGE and TRAINING
A FARMS (Limited),
HOLLKSLEY BAY, SUFFOLK.
For the Training of youilis for Colonial life. The CoL'c
own* and farm* a tine seaside est.-ite of 13 ho ncrc*.
Prospectus on application to the Resideut-Dircctor.
ROWLANDS’
KALYDOR
•ComplexioN
By a single application, requiring but a
moment of time, it imparts exquisite Beauty
to the FACE, NECK, ARMS, and HANDS.
It removes Tan, Freckles, Sunburn, and all
roughness and blemishes. 3s. fid. per Bottle.
Sent. Carriage Paid, to any address on receipt
of above amount, at the Wholesale D6p6t,
114 and 116, Southampton-row, London, W.C.
J^OYAL MATERNITY CHARITY.
<•» Mr. LoNo, tie •*, i rfluij. 5 _ ' _
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.1 drync**, tickling sn«l irritation, itidncing riingh.nnd
GI/VC HR IN K J U JV. BES° r i n
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FREEHAND DRAWING FOR CHILDREN.
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prolmwl nmter the arine aniH-rintcJidcncc of K. J.
POINTER. H \. , T .... ^ ,
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IMS REEVES: His Life. By HIMSELF.
'• Th • lH...k of ehr Vfipniu Now*.
POM JICMi t’l UUMIIM. UOMFVNV /Limited),
LEANNESS or
FATNESS.
The lnroftIiraU # »n* of a Grrman Pbrnirfcin of
Klmuiflc n-earrh In r.*luclng mr|..tl. i.cy without the
*ljghemt .Linger have led to tho farther dUcm-ry of a
“J.., nf muting f1e«h on (bln f^rw.ns aud general
•" 100,1 “‘T'Rjr, t:i , ,hcr
mmobletin Knglhth frit* h>rone stamp- *tntc If fat or Jean,
bonajfor,Cbouibonf Iiudltute, lH,B**gt ut-»U London. W.
RIMMBL’S
CHRISTMAS
NOVELTIES.
rbristniaa Cards and
SachoLs, front Od. upwards.
PAINTED POHCELATN
CARDS mounted on Plush,
IDs. 6d.,£l Is., mid £1 Ids.
RIMMEL’S FANCY BOXES, BASKETS,
HAMPERS, &c.
All novel patterns containing perfumery.
RIMMEL'S LAVALLIERE BASKETS,
with Cut Bottles, verv striking and edegaut,
4*1 Ids. The JOSKPHiXE BASKET. £1 Is.
RIMMEL'S Half-Guinea CHRISTMAS
HAXIPKIL
Containing Perfumes. Crackers, Christmas (’ai ds,
and ORNAMKNTSfor CHRf^TMAJS THKKA
RIMMELS FANCY SCENT CASES.
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RIMMEL’S CELEBRATED TOILET
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A tonic and refreshing lotion. Indispensable ui
theatres, ball-rooms, 4c., Is.. 2s. 6d., nnd 6s.
EUGENE RIMMEL, Perfumer bv Appointment to
. H.R.H. Princess of Wales, 9C, Strand ; 180, Regent-street,
| and C4, Queen Victorla-sti*eet, London.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JJOOKS FOB CHBISTMAS PRESENTS.
Folio, liau'l-niado paper, rqpgh edges, bound in rollmn,
with mimic volumeimund to match, price Four tinmen*
complete. Edition restricted to S30 copies, of which only
a limned nuinlier remat u«.
XPCHOES OF HELLAS : The Tale of Troy
J JJ and the Story of Orestes. Decorated with Eiahty-twu
designs in l»lnck and red liy Walter I'niue. including repr<*-
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I>IP VAX WINKLE. By WASHINGTON
IA> I It VINO. Illustrated with Original Etchings by Thomas
NO STABLE IS COMPLETE WITHOUT
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M EMBROCAT ION If
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TUe Admunstratinll of tlii- Sndci j of the | Nothin* is more suitable than ARBENZ'S Celebrated
x ARRY'S ELOCUTIONIST. Selections i
ii "selection of pieces for recitation, edited
JUTTERFLY BIRTH DAY BOOK. Every |
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FROM A SKETCH BY
MELTON PRIOR.
SPECIAL ARTIST,
796
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
OUR NOTE BOOK.
BY JAMES PAYN.
In reading Cooper's “ Prairie ” the other day for the first
time these many years, I came npon a literary coincidence
that I have never seen commented upon. It is with no object
of belittling a great genius that I here allude to it—for the
cuckoo-cry of “ plagiarism,” so common in these days, is to me
a discordant note—but merely to show how the same fine idea
sometimes strikes two noble minds. In the affecting scene
that describes the death of “ the Trapper " in extreme old age,
whom we knew in youth ns Decrslayer, and in maturity as
Pathfinder, he is made to deport exactly as Colonel Newcome;
not indeed with athnm, but with a similar reminisconce of the
past npon his lips. “ For a moment he looked about him,
and then, with a fine military elevation of the head and
with a voice that might be heard in every part of tho
assembly, he pronounced the word • Here! ’" His remembrance
of his military service is obviously quickened by the presence
of Middleton, himself a soldier, and with whose grandfather
(in “The Last of the Mohicans") he had served the King. The
whole scene has a beauty and tenderness which escaped me
when I read it as a boy. We know that Thackeray was an
admirer of Cooper, for he wittily describes the character of
“ Leather Stocking " as better than any in “ Scott's lot but
whether some fleeting recollection of this incident suggested
the end of the good Colonel is more than doubtful. He had
probably forgotten it altogether, as indeed bad I; the simi¬
larity is what the excellent Paley calls (though in another
sense), “ an undesigned coincidence.”
There are one or two things I wish people would not do at
Christmas time, just for once. I wish they would abstain froth
printing (fortunately in most cases in some unintelligible
type upon a scroll) the words, “ Christmas comes but once a
year, anil when itcomes it brings good cheer.” A more illogical
conjunction was never penned. If Christmas came every
day it would be reasonable enough, and the whole statement
be significant of a plethora of food. It is, however, an in¬
frequent festival, and when it does come should be pro-
portionately enjoyed. “ It is a poor heart which never rejoices,"
is its true parallel. “ Christmas comes but once a year, hit
when it comos it brings good cheer " is the proper phrase. Also
I do entreat my good friendsat Christmas time and the New Year
not to wish me “ The oompliments of the season ; ” is it not
enough that nine-tenths of the good wishes expressed by our
fellow-creatnres for one another upon these festive occasions
are compliments, without this frankness of saying as
much. Say “ Heaven bless you! ” my dear friends, send me
oysters, send me oheques, butdon't wish me “ The compliments
of the season.” __
Even if the strange story of the skeleton of the baby
“ wrapped in Cloth of Gold" found in Edinburgh CaBtlc, and
put hack again (like Sir Thomas, in the ballad, into the fish¬
pond) had turned out to be correct, it would probably not have
made muolt difference to the succession of the English Crown;
but what a satire it'would have been upon the Divine Right
of the Kings, and all the consequences that have flowed from it 1
For my part, I have never muoh believed in “ blood," and have
a rooted conviction that one baby is as good as another; but
fancy if it had been Rixzio's baby (and the Stuarts were
always a dark race) that had been substituted for the dead
heir! To think of the loyalty, and life-blood, and treasure
that, in that case, would have been wasted on the offspring of
an Italian organ-grinder, makes the head go round as though
one were listening to that very instrument To use the
language of the satirist, it would, indeed, have been “a most
tremendous go,” because so much would have gone with it.
Fortunately, the baby in the Cloth of Gold—a little tarnished
by this time, one would think—was out of it; there could have
been, at least, no change of in fants as happens in the novels, or else
at this moment we might be entertaining the rightful heir to
the British monarchy unawares, or perhaps refusing to enter¬
tain him, and even disputing the liability of one's parish so to
do. My Stars and Garters (or hit, if he only knew.'), the
whole subject is really too appalling ; and yet in the history of
the world—even if that of England has been free from them—
there must have been scores and scores of such mock dynasties.
An American critic of the grtfver sort has published a
lament that marriages '.n fiction are not as they should be ; he
complains not that so many roads in story should lead to
matrimony, but that the wayfarers who join hand in hand at
the altar should be so often characters unsuited to one another.
“ Swaggering blades are united to lovely, but pious, maidens ;
and profligates find eternal favour in the eyes of serious and
dignified womanhood." He hopes to see all this altered, and
nobody made a husband in a novel who is not worthy of that
respectable position. But surely as long as novels pretend to
be pictures of real life this can never be The best of men do
not (to begin with) always make the best of husbands, or, if
they do, women do not think so. For his purpose of illus¬
tration the critic has taken extreme instances of dissimilarity;
but some difference of taste and character adds zest to the
matrimonial bond. “ Jack Sprat could eat no fat. his wife
oould eat no lean," and so between them they made a satis¬
factory meal and withont waste. It is quite true that nothing is
more hopeless and deplorable than for a good womantothinkshe
has a mission for the conversion of a bad man by marriage; but
aho falls into a plight almost as miserable when she marries a
prig. A saint, again, is charming in his proper place—a niche in
the church wall—bat, I venture to think, not in the bonds of wed¬
lock J to be righteous overmuch is, indeed (though I have been for¬
tunate enough myself in matrimony), a fault generally obnoxious
in a husband. When a male and female saint wed together, it
is possible, indeed, that all may go well ; but such unions are
to uncommon, that, Uke the tenth place in decimals, they may
be almost “ disregarded.” A marriage, on the other hand, of
two very pronounced sinners (which would seem to find favour
with the critic), may, indeed, save n couple of saints, who
might have otherwise intermarried with them, from persecu¬
tion (which, however, is the proper lot of saints), but is likely
to produce a progeny very injurious to mankind at large.
Upon the whole, I think novelists are right in following the
example set by both sexes in real life, and uniting their heroes
with heroines after a pattern different from their own.
M. Charcot, one of the Jury of the Faculty of Medicine in
Paris, in complimenting a young lady who had obtained her
doctor's degree, has passed auytbing but a compliment on her
sex. Women, he says,’ pass their examinations, when they do
pass them, even more satisfactorily than men ; but what will
be always a bar to their success is that they have no real love
of their proposed profession. “ What they aspire to is the first
rank, the most prominent posts, the most lucrative offices” ;
and what they dislike is the humble and unpleasant, but
necessary, service of humanity such as is given by the hospital
dresser. To my mind, there never was a more unjust accusa¬
tion. I know nothing of hospital life: but in that of the
home, women shrink from none of those horrors of the sick¬
room from which man, in his sensitive delicacy and pure self¬
ishness, blenches appalled ; and it seemB incredible that those
who choose the nursing of the Bick as their profession should
be less resolute than their lay-sisters. It might be added (bnt
that a joke is seldom well received by the softer sex) that it is
notorious that women are fond of “ dressing.” I am myself
devoted to them; but if they have a fault, it is that they
cannot bear the least touch of the dart of ridicule. Even
the feather end of it—its mere tickling—turns the Graces
into Furies. This makes me very cautious in treating
any of these “ Women's questions," which are (I am
given to understand) rending the civilised world, in a
light vein ; I am not musical, and have no ambition to share
the fate of Orpheus. Let me say, then, in all seriousness, that
the three articles on “The Progress of Women" that have
appeared in the Vnirernal Hrrirw tor December are ns good as
anything that has yet been written on that subject. There
is, however, a touch of pretence here and there. When the
topio is education, the style of the pleasant paper on
Somerville Hall is so unbrokenly serious that it reminds
one of the too-enthnsiastic actor who blacked himself all
over for Othello ; even the j>Iay of its students, we are
told, “has a meaning and a purpose in it." Hockey is
one of their games ; and only think of playing hockey with
a stick and a bung—and a purpose! There is also much
interesting information in another paper about the new
employments opened to women: and what is especially’ note¬
worthy in the article on their legal status is that Man is for
once not treated in it as an antagonistic animal—the acts (of
Parliament) he has of late years performed to his own detriment
and the advantage of the female meeting with generous acknow¬
ledgment. How it should ever have entered into the heads of
our Minervas that we urrr hostile to them is inconceivable to
anyone who has witnessed an action for breach of promise of
marriage. No woman would ever prefer a jury of matrons for
that inquiry, I am well convinced.
M. Carnot is held by some of his countrymen to have an
eye not only “ fixed, glassy, and lugubrious,” but maleficent—
an evil eye. They don't say which eye it is, but it must be “ a
piercer.” When he went officially to look at Savoy, the river,
we are told, overflowed its banks ; and when he visited Fon¬
tainebleau there were fives. To blow hot and cold in the same
breath is a trifling feat compared with this evocation of two
antagonistic elements by a glance of the eye. Can he not be
persuaded to close it, and use the other one.’ In Scotland tho
belief in the evil eye is common enough, but the sovereign
remedy against it—twisting a branch of the mountain ash
with the hair of a cow s tail—is, fortunately, within reach of
the majority of the population. Psychologists tell us that
the superstition simply arises from the influence of the eye
of any “ masterful " person, who is also inclined to be what
the vulgar coll “nasty’"—i.e.,malignant—which impresses the
weak-minded. Cmsar Borgia was a gentleman of this stamp ;
Tamerlane’s eyes were so terrible in their expression that out
of a delicate consideration “he abstained from looking too
earnestly on those who conversed with him : ” and our own
Edward I., though exceedingly handsome, had eyes that
seemed to scorch those who looked at them. All these were
credited with the evil eye, but to accuse the mild and gentle¬
manly M. Carnot of possessing it is as outrageous as to charge
some innocent wet nurse with bewitching the cows.
The rage for cheapness in literature is becoming a nuisance.
If yon buy what is called a “standard” work, it is an even
chance that it has been “ pruned," like a standard rose, not,
however, to get rid of any redundancy, but in order to decrease
its supply of “copy," and therewith the expense of produc¬
tion : and, unhappily, it is not every editor who labours in the
literary vineyard that understands the thinning of grapes.
Moreover, it is not such a bargain as it looks, to buy a book
for sixpence, printed in such small type that when you have
got through it you find it has cost you your eyesight. I am
the last person in the world to care for the externals of a
volume, but 1 like it to be what it describes itself to be on its
titlepage, and fit for ordinary eyes to read. All else is
leather and prunella (or, more likely, paper covers), but
these are essentials. Yet now, as if the contents of
our book-stalls were not cheap enough, we have “lending
libraries ” in the trains. For the aristocratic passenger by the
Pullman car to Brighton I see that “select” books are appro¬
priately provided on loan, and also note (not without satisfac¬
tion) that they steal them. Of course they do. What con yon
expect of people who have plenty of money and yet will not
spend a shilling on a railway jonmey npon literature
There are few writers who can handle the supernatural
without making either themselves or their subject ridiculous ;
but Mrs. Oliphant is one of them. She has proved it in “ The
29. 1888
Beleagnred City," bnt still more conclusively in “ The Land of
Darkness." When I first read it, it struck me as the fiuen
article ever written in a magazine ; and its impression is no
less favourable in book form. A good judge of letters once
told Anthony Trollope that his “ Editor's Talcs ” showed his
genius more than anything ; to which he replied that nobody
(he meant, of course, in comparison with his novels) had read
them. It is quite possible that fewer people will read “ The
Land of Darkness" than the novels by the same author, but
those who do will be the wiser for it. She seems in it to give
rein to those powers which, as Lucas Malet points out in a
recent admirable criticism of her works, she is too apt to
lestrain. We see in it, for once, her great resources—not the
mere current coin with which she is so free, but her deposit
account. The narrative is enthralling, in spite of its melan¬
choly nature, and seems to have something of inspiration in
it—like a supplemental leaf of the Scriptures.
THE COURT.
The Queen, who is in good health at Osborne, takes walks and
drives daily. A special service was performed in the chapel at
Osborne on Dec. 19, in memory of the late lamented Prince
Alexander of Hesse, whose funeral took place at Darmstadt
the same day. The Queen, the Empress Frederick, and Prin¬
cesses Victoria, Sophie, and Margaret of Prussia attended, and
all the members of the household ; the Rev. Arthur Peile,
M.A., Chaplain-in-Ordinary to her Majesty, officiating. Prince
and Princess Henry of Battenberg, attended by Lieutenant-
Colonel Clerk, arrived on the 22nd from Darmstadt, having
crossed over from Portsmouth in HT.M. yacht Alberta. Captain
Fullerton. On Sunday morning, the 23rd, the Queen, the
Empress Frederick, and Princesses Victoria, Sophie, and
Margaret of Prussia, and Prince and Princess Henry of Bat¬
tenberg, with the member* of the Royal household, attended
Divine service ; tho Rev. Canon Duckworth. D.D., Chaplain-in-
Ordinary to her Majesty, officiated. Princess Louise (Mar¬
chioness of Lome) and the Marquis of Lome arrived at Osborne
on the 24th ; and on Christmas Day the Queen, the Empress
Frederick, and Princesses Victoria, Sophie, and Margaret of
Prussia, Princess Louise (Marchioness of Lome), and Prince
and Princess Henry of Battenberg attended Divine service in
the morning; the Rev. Arthur Peile, M.A. (Chaplain-in-
Ordinary to her Majesty), officiating.
The Prince of Wales honoured tho Marquis De Santurcc
with a visit recently at Wadhurst Park, Sussex, for two days’
shooting. The Prince and Princess of Wales received Count
nnd Couutess Deym at Marlborough House on Deo. 20 on
Count Deym being accredited as Austro-Hungarian Ambassa¬
dor at the Court of .St. James. Their Royal Highnesses sub¬
sequently received the Spanish Ambassador on his departure
from London, upon being transferred to the Embassy at Rome.
The Duo de Chartres visited the Prince and Princess and
remained to luncheon. The Prince on the 21st unveiled
the statue of the Duke of Wellington, executed by Mr.
Boehm, and erected opposite Apsley House, in the presence
of a numerous and influential company. The Princess,
accompanied by Prince George and Princesses Lonise, Victoria,
and Maud, left Marlborough House for .Sandringham. Prince
Albert Victor, attended by Captain Holford, arrived at Marl¬
borough House from visiting Lord and Lady Wimborne at
Canford Manor, Dorsetshire. I he Prince was present on the
22nd at a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Trustees
of the British Museum (Natural History). His Royal High¬
ness, accompanied by Prince Albert Victor, left Marlborough
House for .Sandringham. On Christmas Eve the Prince and
Princess and their family were present at the annual dis¬
tribution of beef to all the labourers on the Royal estate. The
Prince and Princess, with Prince Albert Victor. Prince George,
and the three Princesses, were present on Christmas morning
at the service at the church of St. Mary Magdalene, the church
being seasonably decorated. The ladies and gentlemen of the
household were in attendance. The Rev. F. Hervey, Rector of
Sandringham. Domestic Chaplain to the Prince and Princess
of Wales, and Chaplain to the Queen, officiated and preached.
PROROGATION OF PARLIAMENT.
“ £a rrittr lr rent//’’ Welcome, indeed, was this ancient
formula to all legislators who heard it delivered, after Royal
sanction had been given to the Appropriation Bill and the
final batch of measures, in the House of Lords on the Twenty-
fourth of December. Not for thirty-six previous years bad
Parliament sat in the last month of the year. The relief of
separating the day before Christmas Day was indubitable.
The number of Peers present was few ; but a goodly gathering
of hon. members followed the Speaker to the Upper House.
In their robes of scarlet cloth anti ermine and ancient hats,
the Royal Commissioners—Lord Halsbury, the Earl of Coventry,
the Earl of Kintore, Lord Colville, and Lord Esher—sat in
front of the Throne, and contributed a brilliant bit of colour
to the scene in the gilded chamber.
The Queen's Speech, read with exemplary clearness by the
Lord Chancellor, was of marked brevity, considering the extra¬
ordinary duration of the third Session of her Majesty s Twelfth
Parliament—a Session which began on the Ninth of February.
The Royal Address opened, not unnaturally, with an expression
of the Queen’s “ great satisfaction in being able to release you
from your protracted labours.” Her Majesty then regretted
that the Fisheries Convention with the United States had not
“ commended itself to the judgment of the Senate,” but trusted
that the “ temporary arrangements ” adopted would “prevent
any immediate inconvenience arising from this decision. A
reference to the Convention for the abolition of the sugar
bounties was succeeded by this congratulatory allusion to
General Grenfell s dashing action atSonakim : “ The dispersion
of the besieging forces has been effected by a brilliant military
operation on the part of the Egyptian troops, supported by a
British contingent.” Our co-operation with Germany to
establish a naval blockade of the part of the Zanzibar coast
a state of insurrection was justified on the score of “the
renewed vigour of the slave trade” in that quarter. The next
paragraph was devoted to the success of the Black Mountain and
Sikkim expeditions in India, and to a statement that Ishax
Khan's rebellion in Afghanistan had been subdued by’the Ameer.
Mention was made of the suppression of the risinginZnluiand by
British troops and the native levies, the disaffected chiefs await¬
ing their trial before a Special Commission. It was next hopea
that the financial measures passed would “ materially inerrase
the public resources of the country, without adding to its lisai
burdens" ; and claimed that the measures “for extending to
functions and improving the machinery of local governmeD
in England ” wore “ calculated to increase the loyal attac
ment of my people to their institutions.” ...
Baron Halsbury added that Parliament was prorogued
the Thirty-first of January. But overworked senators n»y,
with reason, indulge in the hope that the date for reasserobl g
may be further postponed to some weeks later.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
767
DEC. 29, 1888
PICKINGS FROM THE POTTERIES.
41 Man is an animal what collects things.” Such is a child’s
definition of Creation’s lord. It does not differentiate him
from a jackdaw ; but it is sufficiently correct for the
object of this paper. A “ china-maniac ” is the name given
by rational and sober 'Philistines to those who gather
around them the vases of “ Chelsea ” and “ Sevres,” and the
services of “ Worcester ” and “ Crown Derby ” ; to whom the
figures of Dresden and Bow are more than real men and
women, and who sigh for the lost glories of 44 Plymouth ” and
“Bristol,” and are ever ready to dispute the actuality of
“Lowestoft.” But the ridicule of two centuries leaves the
china-maniac’s position stronger than ever. The method in
his madness has satisfied British commercialism, and he is
safe. But what can be said of the Pottery-maniac .'
Prescription has not yet rendered his title to sanity indis¬
putable. Are the assiduous collectors of Staffordshire figures
and cottage faience ; the proud owners of vermilion stags with
yellow spots ; the proprietors of bine dogs, green sheep,
and purple rabbits ; the cupidinous hunters of the dainty
salt-glaze tea-pots and the tortoise-ghell and agate wares of
Wliieldon and his contemporaries,—are these to go down to
posterity unwept, unsung, unknown 1
The infancy of an art is frequently its most interesting,
occasionally its most fortunate, period. To watch, a century
later, how ideas began to formulate, and scientific and
empirical knowledge grow, has always been of interest to the
few; and these few have formed the collections which
stimulate others, and cause the fiercest competition among
the cognoscenti. Collectors are the links which connect the
present and the past: they may be rusty, they may be cracked,
but they are indis^nsable.
Pottery does not seem to have made much progress in
England before the end of the seventeenth and beginning of
the e ighteenth centuries.
The rough, many-handled “ tygs.” most English of all the
potter’s work, the posset-cups and candlesticks made of coarse
earthenware and rudely decorated with quaint devices and
pithy proverbs, standing out in relief in colours of bright orange
and yellow, made no pretence to elegance or refinement. They
represent the coarse jocularity or rude loyalty of the old English
potter. The fearful and alto¬
gether counterfeit presentments
of William III., of Mary liis
Queen, of Anne, ami of George [.,
do more credit to his loyalty than
to his artistic qualities. A drink¬
ing-cup inscribed with some such
phrase as " The best is not too
good,” was given by a potter to
the friend and companion of his
cups. A cradle of the same rmle
ware was given to his friend's
wife upon the birth of her first
child. To a woman who was
more than usually curious might
have been presented the plate,
now in existence, upon which is
depicted Lot’s wife, the pillar of
salt, and two angels, while below
is the inscription, “ Remember
Lot’s wife. 1727.” Allusions to
the Bible (not always in the best
taste) were common amongst
these rude and semi-civilised
potters. John W r esley, nearly a
century later, experienced very
rough usage at their hands.
The •* tygs,” to which refer¬
ence has been made, were drink¬
ing-cups of coarse clay, whose
chief clKiracteristic was found in
the handles, of which there were
never less, and generally more,
than two. Whether the word is
derived, as it has been suggested,
from the Latin trguln , a tile, or
from the Anglo - Saxon, tigrl y
which also means a tile, or any¬
thing made of clay, does not
signify here. The word is local,
and apparently used in Stafford¬
shire and the Potteries only.
Whatever may be its derivation or real meaning the tyg played
an important part in the daily life of the Early English
potters. Its very shape conduced conviviality. The handles
pointed coaxingly every way. Each drinker could carry it to
his mouth, just as it stood on the table ; there was no
necessity for him to circumvent it to find the handle. Around
its lip, wreathing it, as it were, with an alluring smile, was a
convivial adage or a trenchant maxim.
One vessel of common shape, essentially English, and rarely
found in the Continental drinking-enps, had two handles only.
These were both placed on the same side, near together, but
sloping away from one another. Such a tyg would be used by
two men when drinking. At a large gathering the tygs would
have more than two handles.
Inside the old Norwegian silver tankards, and the very
early earthenware English vessels, pegs or knobs were
frequently placed ; and the drinkers were limited, at each
drink, to the amount of liquor between one peg and another.
In the old bouts wagers were often made that one man would
drink, at a draught, more pegs of liquor than another. Each
man would endeavour, literally, to lower his opponent's record.
The expression, “taking a man down a peg ” is said to have
arisen from this custom. In the later vessels or tygs the handles
supplied the divisions for testing the quantity of liquor drunk.
These handles were looped down the side, each loop joining the
side of the cup at an equal distance from the next. As
earthenware became commoner, and consequently cheaper,
these sociable old tygs disappeared, and the individual beer-
mug, interesting but solitary, took their place.
The Slip ware, as the productions are rightly called, were,
perhaps, the earliest English pottery that we can safely
attribute to any one maker; unless, indeed, we except John
Dwight’s Fulham ware. It was often called Toft ware, on
account of the names of Thomas and Ralph Toft being found
on bo many of the plates and dishes of that period. It is,
however, by no means peculiar to these men or their family;
at least a dozen names are banded down to us on as many
dishes. These diBhes were in all probability “ show ” or pre¬
sentation pieces, larger than those in ordinary use, and only
brought out on special occasions. They would therefore run
less risk of breakage than the commoner pieces, and have thus
come down to us as strange and interesting mementoes of
cottage life nearly 200 years ago. The Tofts were a family
probably of Dutch extraction who settled in Staffordshire. A
number of fine examples of this ware r many of which are now
in the British Museum, have been discovered at Wrotham, in
Kent.
One of the earliest forms of decoration of plain earthenware
was by means of the lines or “ slips ” of a different colour
“trailed” all over the surface of the earthen vessel, in
the form of patterns, lettering, or other devices. The orna¬
mentation, in fact, gave the name to the ware. The coloured
clay was mixed with water until it acquired the consistency
of cream. It was then poured into a bottle with a narrow
spout, like a modern oil-can, and the “ artist ” poured it out
into any pattern which he fancied. There was also another
method of employing the coloured clay. The dish itself,
before firing, and when in a damp state, was pressed down
upon an 44 intaglio ” mould, which left the pattern standing
out in relief. The coloured clay was then poured in a liquid
state all over the depressed portions up to the level of the
raised ones, thus giving a coloured ground to the dark
pattern. There is a candlestick of this ware in the Jermyn-
street Museum, dated 1049, which is probably the earliest
dated piece known ; but there is no doubt that this sort of
ware was in use at a much earlier date. It is not known
whether it was first made at Wrotham or in Staffordshire ; but
there seems no doubt that the Wrotham potters had more idea
of form, while the Staffordshire “ Tofts ” showed more power
of illustration. The examples of both are numerous in the
British and South Kensington Museums. Slip ware is still
made in some districts for the commonest sort of pans and
pipkins. In Switzerland and other parts of the Continent the
lover of rich colours and mere “ decorativeness ” may obtain
for a few pence what pounds cannot procure for him in
England. 7 rvbum sapirntibux, this is a ware which it is not
hard to imitate, and collectors should be cautious.
One of the best known collectors of Early English pottery,
and the author of a charming and useful work on the subject,
showed the writer a fine two-handled posset-cup, for which he
had paid pounds, and which (there was a twinkle in his eye
as he told the story against himself) his own pupil had manu¬
factured, and then “ planted ” in a cottage in the country.
The ruse succeeded, and the posset-cup stands amidst its
ancient and genuine prototypes—a standing reproach to the
“zeal” of the collector, which has not infrequently “eaten
him up.” These rude dishes and jars play a most important
part in the history of pottery in England. They were the
beginning of an art which, culminating at the end of the
eighteenth century in the productions of Josiah Wedgwood,
ICE-PALACE AT ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.
The winter in Minnesota is abont the severest of any part of
the United States ; it lasts fully six months, and the frost
registers 4(1 deg. below zero. Although fatal consequences
may follow from prolonged exposure, persona in health well
fed and properly clad, find that the cold is exhilarating, and
not nearly so unpleasant to bear as that we have often felt
in England. Taking advantage of these conditions, the
municipal authorities of the thriving city of St. Paul, on the
Mississippi, erect annually, at a cost of many thousand
dollars, in the City Park, a magnificent Ice-Palace of fanciful
design, usually taking the form of a baronial castle, like that
represented in our Illustration. It is formed of blocks of ice
about 30 in. long by 15 in. wide and 15 in. thick, out from the
Mississippi River, which flows through the city. The edifice
is about 250 ft. in length, and the main tower has an elevation
of 90 ft. Many hundred people can assemble at once within
its crystal walls. In the day-time, under the clear cold sky,
as the light catches its various salient points and projections,’
the Ice-Palace is a striking object: but when lit up, as it is at
night, with various coloured electric lights, its appearance is
truly beautiful. During its existence, a carnival is held in the
park by the various snow-shoe clubs and toboggan clubs. As
the winter passes away this Bolid-looking structure slowly
and gradually disappears, so that, by the end of April, all that
remains of so much magnificence is a pool of water.
ESUTA, ON THE MISSISSIPPI.
brought not only riches, bnt a world-wide renown to its ex¬
ponents, and established on the Continent the artistic credit of
England. T. T. G.
The Rev. A. C. Fox. head-master of the Grammar School,
Tideswell, Derbyshire, has been appointed head-master of the
Reigate Grammar School.
The Duke of Buckingham has again given a remission of
12 per cent to his agricultural tenants.—The Duke of Port¬
land has made a reduction of 20 per cent in the rents due from
his tenants on his Lybster estate.—At Earl Cowper’s rent audit
held at Panshanger, a remission of 15 per cent was again
allowed to his agricultnral tenants, being at the same rate as
for several successive half-years.
Mr. Henry Tate, sugar refiner, of London and Liverpool, has
presented £2500 to the Liverpool Institute, for founding four
Tate Scholarships, value eighteen guineas ; and has also sent
to the same institution a cheque for £1750, to provide a
scholarship of the annual value of sixty guineas, as a memorial
to the late Rev. Hugh Stowell Brown, the same to be tenable
for two or three years at any college connected with any
English University.
There died recently, in the hamlet of Whitington, Norfolk,
a labouring man named Robert Woodcock, aged sixty-eight
years. Shortly before his death he called his eldest son to his
bedside, and told him ho was dying. He then handed him the
key of a certain box, which had formerly belonged to the sick
man's father, and told the son that he would find in the box
what he required. On opening the box the son, to his astonish¬
ment, found 1900 sovereigns. The deceased had been of very-
penurious habits, denying himself and family almost the bare
necessaries of life. His wife died about three months ago,
and in her last illness she was indebted to the kindness of
friends and neighbours for articles of nourishment.
According to the Board of Trade returns of the lives saved
along British coasts, it appears that daring the last statistical
year, ending June, 1888, 3188 shipwrecked persons were
rescued. More than one-third of these escaped in the boats
belonging to the wreck ; rather more than a quarter were
taken off by other ships or steamers; 443 were saved by
Coastguard boats, luggers, and other small open vessels ; 374
were saved by life-boats ; and 286 were hauled ashore by the
rocket apparatus or ropes. Only three persons escaped a
watery grave by their own “ individual exertion.” Comparing
these figures with similar data for previous years, it appears
that the total saving of life is below the average, though it is
considerably greater than was the casein 1886,1885, or in 1880.
THE LAST EXPLORATIONS OF M. DE BRETTES.
M. De Brettes, of whose early travels in the Grand Chaco to
the south of the Rio Vermejo a brief account has already
appeared, has just returned to Paris from a second expedition,
with reference to which he furnishes some interesting par¬
ticulars to the Journal des Vebata. Having started from
France in May, 1886, intrusted with a mission hy the Minister
of Public Instruction, he was detained by difficulties of one
kind and another upon American soil for sixteen months, and
prevented from penetrating into the Chaco. He did not, how¬
ever, allow this time to be wasted, for he purchased a yacht,
and with the help of a French engineer, M. De Boisvier, he com¬
pleted the hydrographical survey of the Lake Ypa-Carai which
had been commenced twenty-seven years before by the English
engineers Burrell and Valpy, but
interrupted by the Paraguay War
in 1864. At the instigation of
the Consul of Bolivia, M. De
Brettes then entered the Chaco
for the second time (Oct. 13,
1887), starting from Apa, on the
frontiers of Brazil, and making
for Baranquerita (the Northern
Chaco). His escort then con¬
sisted of fifty Gnana Indians and
a single native of Paraguay who
had resolved to accompany him,
and who was nicknamed accord¬
ingly by his compatriots ” Guapo "
(the brave man). But thig brave
man soon took fright, and fled
back to Apa half dead witli
terror. M. De Brettes tb/Ss
travelled through the territory
of the Guana Indians, who were
then at war with their mortal
enemies the Chamacocas, aud he
was himself attacked by this
tribe and slightly wounded. He
continued his march westwards
for six days, suffering terribly
from thirst, and he at last
reached Bolivian territory, ten
days’ march from Pileomoyo,
having gone through the hitherto
unexplored territories of the
Guanas, the Kamananghas, the
Baugbis, the Neennsemahas, and
the Aksseks. During the whole
of this did:cult march he did not
fail to take note of all the im¬
portant geographical positions,
and thus, for instance, he fol¬
lowed for upwards of seventy
miles a senda (Indian path)
which leads from the Bio Para¬
guay to Bolivia across the Chaco. This was the knotty point
of the problem, and M. De Breites further ascertained that
this tend a runs through a perfectly flat country, and tlmt
there would be no difficulty in clearing the road which Bolivia
so much desires to make. He also came upon some very
curious brick ruins to the right of this Indian tract in
latitude 21 deg. 48 min. south, longitude 63 deg. 07 min. west
meridian of Paris. The Indians who accompanied him said
that beneath the round monuments, like low towers, which
M. De Brettes saw, were tombs ; but he was unable to verify
this, though he extracted from some of the cavities in the
ground some fine specimens of pottery similar to those found in
the tombs of the Aymaras of Bolivia, whence M. De Brettes con¬
cludes that the Incas'dominion must have extended far beyond
the Andes. Among the pieces of pottery which he has brought
back is a duplicate of what M. Jacquemart. describes as the
chef d'ceurre of American pottery, a vase which is now in the
Louvre. In addition to the potteries of the Incas his collection
comprises Guanas and Chamacocas vases of modem manufac¬
ture and a great number of Indian articles, such as violins,
costumes made of feathers, necklaces of all kinds, and arms
used for the chase and the battlefield.
Mr. W. MacGeongh Bond, barrister-at-law, Inner Temple,
and member of the Cairo Bar, has been appointed to the
Judgeship in the native Court of Appeal at Cairo formerly
filled by the late Mr. Sheldon Amos.
Kirkstall Abbey, near Leeds, which was recently bought by
a company of gentlemen at the Cardigan Estates sale, has been
resold to Colonel North for £10,000—the price at which the
company bonght it—and it has been presented by the Colonel
to the town of Leeds, his birthplace.
At a meeting in connection with the National Fruit
Growers’ League, a resolution was passed, after considerable
discussion, emphasising the importance of the movement pro¬
moted by the league, in the interest not only of the rural
districts but of the larger towns, as tending to the more
profitable nse of the soil and the more equitable distribution
of the population.
In St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, on Dee. 21, the marriage
was celebrated of the Hon. and Rev. Edward Lyttelton, one of
the assistant-masters at Eton, with Miss Caroline West, younger
daughter of the Dean of St. Patrick’s. The bridesmaids were
Miss Eveleen Dickenson, Miss Mabel Dickenson, the Hon. Sybil
Lyttelton, and Miss Mina MacDonell. The service was folly
choral. Lord Plunket, Archbishop of Dublin, and a large
number of guests were present.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Dec. 29, 1888 — 768
THE LATE
JAMES SELBY.
The funeral of Mr. James
William Selby, late driver
of the Brighton “Old
Times " coach, took place
in Highgate Cemetery
on Wednesday, Deo. 19.
Eighteen stage-coaches,
three private drags, and
numerous brakes and
broughams, driven by
well-known whips,
formed part of the pro¬
cession. The funeral-car
was covered with wreaths
and floral emblems. The
“Old Times” coach was
driven by Captain
Beckett, accompanied by
Mr. A. F. McAdam, Mr.
Carleton Blythe, Mr.
Broadwood, Mr. Henry
Hill, Mr. Walter Dickson,
and the guard, Walter
Godden. The “Virginia
Water” coach, running
between Oatlands Park
and London, was driven
by Mr. R. Falconer. The
“ Defiance,” Bentley
Priory coach; the “ New
Times," running between
Guildford and London ;
the “ Perseveran ce,” Dork-
ing coach ; the “ Comet,”
Brighton coach ; the
“ Wonder,” St. Albans
coach ; the “ Excelsior,"
Tunbridge Wells coach ;
the “Vivid,” Hampton
Court coach ; the
“ Hirondelle ” (Hert¬
ford), the “Star”
(Henley and Windsor),
the “ Champion " (Canter¬
bury and Margate), the
“New Age” (Hampton
Court), and the private
drags of Mr. Johnson and
Mr. David Jenks took
part in the procession.
The cemetery was reached
at half-past twelve. The
bnrial service was per¬
formed by the Rev.
Arthur F. A. Scholefield,
M.A. Amongthosepresent
at the grave were the
Marquis of Ailesbnry,
Captain Stracey, and Mr,
Trollope. Wreaths and
floral tributes were sent
by the Duke of Beaufort,
Lord De Grey de Wilton,
the Committee of the
Pelican Club, Lord De
Clifford, Colonel North,
the Hon. M. Sandys, Mr.
Scager Hunt, M.P.; Cap¬
tain Airey, Mr. and Mrs.
Stratton, the Marqnis of
Ailesbnry, Mr. S. Free¬
man,Mr.C. R. Hargreaves,
th eemploj/ta of Cowland
and Selby, and several
well - known actresses.
The “Old Times”
Brighton ooach, it is said,
will not run in fnture,
and all the horses will be
sold.
Mr. Laurence Oliphant
died, on Dec. 23, at the
residence of Sir M. Grant
Duff, Twickenham.
THE LATE MB. JAMES SELBY, WHIP OF THE “OLD TIMES” BRIGHTON COACH.
The news of a great defeat
, " fll ° fced c o? the hostile
Arabs of the Sondan led
by Osman Digna who
^sieging Snakin,
on the Red Sea coast, was
received on Thursday,
Dec. 20, with much satis¬
faction. This action had
been performed on the
morning of that day by
the British and Egyptian
troops of the garrison
under the command of
General Sir Francis Gren¬
fell. The troops, number¬
ing about four thousand
of all arms, consisted of
the Welsh Regiment
under Colonel Smyth, and
the King's Own Scottish
Borderers, under Colonel
Coke; the Mounted In¬
fantry, under Colonel
Barrow, with the 20th
Hussars, under Major
Irwin; the Royal En-
gineers, under Captain
Foley ; and two brigades
of the Egyptian Army,
each of three black
battalions, the first
commanded by Colonel
Kitchener and the second
by Colonel Holled Smith ;
with the Naval Brigade,
under Commander May]
from H.M.S. Racer and
H.M.S. Starling. They
were supported by the
fire of Fort Gemazeh,
which waB under the
command of Captain
Shakespear, and of Fort
Shatar, commanded by
Captain Jackson; and by
that of H.M.S. Starling
and the Egyptian
steamers Noorbahr.
Hodeida, and Damanhonr,
under Middlemass Bey.
At seven o'clock in the
morning, the forte opened
fire on the trenches where
the enemy lay ; and the
troops moved out, the
Black Brigade on the
right flank, and the
cavalry and mounted in¬
covering. The
Own Scottish
-jrs, the Welsh
Regiment, and the
Egyptian Brigade occu¬
pied the embankment
between the forts, with
the reserve of British in¬
fantry, while the forts
Bhelled the trenches with
a terrific fire. The enemy
held their ground with
intense courage till the
Black Brigade charged
the trenches, which were
carried in half an hour.
All the positions were
occupied, and two guns
were captured. The
number of the enemy
slain was reckoned to be
nearly a thousand. The
British loss was small.
The 20th Hussars charged
the enemy’s cavalry and
fantry
King's
lord-rers,
SCI AKIN, FROM THE ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR.
DEC. 29, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON" NEWS
dismounted men, and a hand-to-hand encounter ensued, the
enemy losing severely, while the Hussars lost four men killed
and four wounded. Lieutenant Brown, of the Royal Irish,
was slightly wounded in the arm. The Egyptian troops, who
fought most bravely, had about six killed and forty wounded.
The enemy's trenches have been filled up and zerebas have
been erected on the site, in a strong position. The country
for miles round is now apparently clear. The civil popul¬
ation of the town was on the battle-field an hour after
the fight, rendering assistance in filling up the trenches.
The greatest relief is felt in the town.
The town, the port, and the military fortifications of
Suakin have been desert bed on former occasions. The town
consists of two parts, one built on a small island near the head
of the harbour, and the other built on the mainland, con¬
nection between the two being maintained by an artificial
c^ureway. The part on the mainland, known as El Gaff, is
defended by a wall, the extremities of which rest on the waters
of the harbour. This wall is pierced by four gates and
strengthened by seven bastions or forts, and a guard-house.
Of the gates the Gazereh Gate, opening to the north, and the
Shatar Gate, the main entrance to the town, opening to the
west, are those most important. The line of defence
beyond the wall consists of six outlying forts—namely, Fort
Handonb, Fort Shatar, Fort Gemazeh, Fort Foolah. and Quarry
Fort. Fort Shatar and Fort Gemazeh, otherwise known as the
Right Water Fort and the Left Water Fort, stand about a
thousand yards in advance of the Shatar Gate, and the same
distance from one another. These are hexagonal structures of
masonry two storeys high. The lower storey is merely pierced with
loopholes, access to the building being obtained through a door¬
way in the upper storey, reached by menus of a ladder, which
can be hauled up at will by the garrison. Round this upper
storey runs a projecting wooden gallery, loopholed for rifle-fire,
while the fiat roof is surrounded by a stone parapet similarly
available. Each fort is strengthened with outlying defences,
in the shape of stone walls, trenches, earthworks, and zerebas
of cut thorn-bush, and is armed with Krnpp cannon and
machine-guns. Between these two forte extends a broad and
solid earthen embankment, six or seven yards in height. This
embankment had been built with the view of checking the
flow of rain water coming down one of the main ravines
leading from the hills inland, but is now utilised for defensive
purposes. A redoubt has been thrown up near its centre to
help Fort Gemazeh, which has to some extent suffered from
the enemy’s fire. _
THE HYDE PARK-CORNER IMPROVEMENTS.
The new equestrian statue of the great Duke of Wellington,
substituted for that which formerl 3 - stood on the arch at the
top of Constitution-hill, Hyde Park-corner, nearly opposite his
residence, A psley House, was unveiled on Friday, Dec. 21, by
the Prince of Wales. The original statue has been removed
to the Long Valley at Aldershott. The arch has been
re-erected a few yards to the east of its former position, and
now forms an entrance to the Green Park. The statue, which
is of bronze, the sculptor being Mr. J. E. Boehm, R.A., repre¬
sents the Duke seated on his famous horse Copenhagen. His
left hand holds the reins, and his right hand holds an open
telescope, the arm resting full-length by his side. The pedestal
rises from a platform, with steps of Aberdeen grey granite,
artistically bordered in grey and red granite, surrounding a
centre of mosaic. At the four corners stand, rather above
life-size, four warriors : at the north-east, the British Grenadier
of the early part of this century ; at the north-west, the
representative of the Scotch, in a soldier of the old 42nd
Highlanders, wearing the kilt; at the south-east comer, an
Irish Dragoou ; and at the south-west, a Welsh Fnsilier. All
these are in bronze. The statues were cast by Messrs. Moore
and Co., of Thames Ditton. The mosaic was furnished by
Messrs. Burt and Co., of Wen man-street. The work of the
Hyde Park-corner improvement was carried out by Mowlem
and Co., from the designs of Mr. John Taylor, of her Majesty's
Office of Works.
The rain came down as the crowd stood watching patiently
till a cheer announced the coming of the company, and way
was mode for the guests of the Duke of Wellington, including
the Prince of Wales, the Duke of Cambridge (Commander-in-
Chief). the Duke of Beaufort, the Duke of Rutland, Earl
Granville, Lord Dorchester, Lord De Lisle, Earl Cadogan, Lord
Sudeley, Lord Alcester, Lord Magheramorne (representing the
Metropolitan Board of Works). Field-Marshal Sir Patrick
Grant. Mr. Plunket. M.P. (representing the Office of Works),
Colonel the Hon. Charles Lindsay, Sir F. Leighton, Baroti
Ferdinand De Rothschild. Mr. Shaw-Lefevre. Mr. John Taylor
(of the Office of Works), and Mr. Boehm, the sculptor. No
addresses were delivered, but when the statue was unveiled,
the Prince and the company saluted, and the crowd outside
raised a responsive cheer. The statue is in exact line with the
centre of A psley House. Our Illustration is a view of the
whole ground, looking eastward to Piccadilly.
THE “TRUTH” DOLL-SHOW.
The eighth annnal exhibition of dolls and other children’s
toys, fonnded by the proprietor of Truth, was opened for two
days, in the week before Christmas, at the Portman Rooms,
Baker-street. It was a various collection of 23,000 articles,
many of them ingenious and beautiful, including 3800 dolls,
presented by subscribers to that journal, or purchased with
the fund raised by an appeal to its readers. These pretty and
amusing playthings, some of considerable artistic merit, filled
the large hall formerly occupied by Madame Tussaud s wax-
work figures ; and an immense trophy of toys covered the
whole or the end wall, from floor to ceiling, and from door to
door, arranged with much taste for the display of masses of
colour. Upon the long centre table were ranged the home¬
made, competitive toys, for which money prizes were given.
Conspicuous among these was a cleverly-constructed switch-
hack railway, with its cars filled with passengers, its stair¬
cases for exit and entrance, and its attendants and visitors.
The switchback was worked by means of cords. The Palace of
Truth was another of the home-made toys, representing a
picturesque palatial cottage, covered with varnished fir-cones,
and having a pillared porch, awl flower-boxes, filled with
plants, on the lcdgvs of the windows. In the extensive
grounds were a conservatory, with miniature red flower¬
pots within, a rockery, shrubs, garden-soats. a lake with swans,
coftch-honse. and stable, and a tennis-court already marked for
a game. In one home-made toy, entitled “ A Corner of a
Zoo," were various kinds of animals, and a hundred small
dressed dolls, some promenading, others riding in the elephant's
howdah and on a camel, and some dressed as bandsmen.
Another toy reproduced a ward in a children’s hospital, with beds,
sick dolls, nurses, and picture-hung walls, intersiiersed with
mottoes, all complete. There were fifty large dolls,exquisitely
dressed, awl originally oosting over half-a-gainea each. The
smaller dolls were arranged on six cuormoas pyramids, about
20 ft. high ; a grotesque head formed the apex of each pyramid.
The largo dolls were arranged upon a capacious table, and
some of them arc represented it our Artiste Sketches. It
would be impossible to describe these wonderful dolls fa
derail. The dolls and toys, and 10,000 new sixpences have
been distributed to children in the London hospitals and
workhouses.
NAWAB MAJOR AFSUR JUNG.
When the Ameer Abdurrahman, ruler of Afghanistan, in
August last, made an arrangement with Lord Dufferin’s
Government to receive a British political .Mission at Cabul for
the purpose cf discussing affairs, the British diplomatic agents
selected were Mr. H. M. Dnrand, C.S.I., Secretary to the Foreign
Department of the Indian Government; Mr. Mackenzie
Wallace, Private Secretary to the Viceroy; and Colonel
Chamberlain, the Persian interpreter to the Commander-in-
C’hief : accompanied by Lieutenant Manners Smith, Military
Attachd to the Foreign Office; and Dr. Owen. A native
Indian member of this Mission was also appointed, namely,
the Xawab Major Afsur Jung, in the service of the Nizam
of Hyderabad ; but the Mission has for some months been
pat in abeyance, owing to the Ameer of Afghanistan being
engaged in his war ngainst the rebellion headed by Ishak
Khan, in the provinces north of the Hindoo Khoosh
mountains. In the meantime, Major Afsur Jung joined the recent
expedition under command of General M'Queen to put down
the hostile tribes of the Black Mountain. He is a keen and
bravo soldier, and did good service as commander of the
H A W A H MAJOR A P S U K JUNO,
One of the British Mission to Cabul.
Kbyberee Rifles, being the first officer belonging to a Native
State of India who has ever commanded troops in a British
expedition. His photograph has been sent to us by Mr. W. E.
Hill, of Hyderabad, in the Deccan : and we present the portrait
of Major Afsur Jang as a token of that friendly feeling towards
the British Indian Empire which was lately so magnanimously
expressed by his Highness the Nizam in offering to contribute
to the military expenses of our Government, and which is
highly appreciated by its rulers.
The Pope delivered a long allocution on Dec. 24 to the
members of the Sacred College, who offered their good wishes
for the New Year. The whole world, he said, saw how painful
his situation was. for even his own person was exposed to the
threats of the mob.
The Italian Chamber has passed a vote approving the
international and military policy of the Government, and
adopted the Bill authorising the Extraordinary Military
Ex|»en8es.
The Second Chamber of the Netherlands States-General has
passed the colonial section of the Budget by 72 votes to 18,
notwithstanding a declaration on the part of the Liberal Party
of want of confidence in the Minister for the Colonies.
Intelligence coming apparently direct from Mr. Stanley
affords a reasonable hope that he is still in safety. Letters
dated Ang. 29 have l>een brought to Zanzibar from Stanley
Falls by Tippoo Tib’s men, in which it is stated that news had
been received the previous day from Mr. Stanley, who was at
Bonalya, on the Aruwhimi. He had left Emin Pasha eighty-
two days previously in perfect health and with plenty of fowl.
He himself had returned for his rearguard and intended
leaving ten days later, presumably to rejoin Emin. All the white
men were in good health. Another report, received from San
Thom£, the nearest telegraph station to the mouth of the
Congo, states that news, which is considered trnstworthy. has
been received of the arrival of the explorer and Emin Pasha
at the Aruwhimi.
'Hie Canadian Supreme Court at Ottawa, in the Canadian
Pacific Railway crossing dispute, have decided unanimously
that the province of Manitoba had a right to charter the Port¬
age Extension of the Rod River Valley Railroad, including the
right to cross the Pembina branch of the Canadian Pacific
Railway free of all Dominion control save .as to the plans of
the crossing. This upholds Manitoba in her view of the
subject. Much rejoicing is reported at Winnipeg.
The religions celebration on Christmas Day in London was
remarkable for the large number of early services which were
held, and in man}' churches the service was repeated at.every
hour up to noon. Generally the midday service was choral
throughout. The congregations at St. Paul’s, Westminster
Abbey, and the principal London churches were unusually
large.—The Queen’s Christmas alms were distributed at the
Royal Almonry, in Craig’s-court, to over one thousand poor
persons. The metropolitan and other garrisons throughout
the country celebrated Christmas with the usual festivities.
At all the hospitals and asylnms under the control of the
Asylums Board special entertainments were given to the
inmates. In the hospitals and work houses of the metropolis
similar provisions were made, and in various districts of
London good dinners were given to Inrgc numbers of the
destitute poor, old and young.
THE HONOURABLE ARTILLERY COMPANY.
The peremptory and sudden action of the War Office, on Tnea-
day, Dec. 18, in depriving the Honourable Artillery Company,
without previous notice, of the field-battery of guns, and of
the rifles and bayonets for the infantry battalion, simul¬
taneously with the Prince of Wales resigning his commission
as Captain-General and Colonel, and the Duke of Portland
that of Lientenant-Colonel, excited feelings of alarm and
profound regret. It was supposed to be a prelude to the with¬
drawal of the Royal Warrant constituting the Honourable
Artillery Company a regiment, and to its entire suppression
and disbandment. The disarmament of the company, effected
in such an unceremonious manner, and apparently without
any just cause, was felt to be a harsh proceeding. No one,
however, could for a moment doubt that the Prince of Wales
had acted under a misapprehension of the circumstances in
allowing his resignation of an office which he has held for
twenty-five years, to be announced with those of the Duke of
Portland and of Lieutenant-Colonel C. J. Borton, late Adjutant
of the company. It is only a few weeks since a special General
Court of the members—on the recommendation of the Captain-
General (the Prince of Wales), and on the advice of the Duke
of Cambridge, Lord Wolseley, and Mr. Stanhope, Secretary of
State for War — resolved that the regiment formed from
the ancient company should voluntarily make itself
subject to the Act of Parliament under which all ordinary
Volunteer corps are enrolled. It became evident, however,
that the settlement of the company as a Volunteer
corps, but one possessed of property—which, in a Volun¬
teer corps, would vest in the commanding officer — must
require special arrangements. At the annual General Court
held more recently it was apparent that the members would
hesitate to agree unreservedly to complete the resolution
previously adopted, unless there were further guarantees that
the right of controlling the property and the preservation of
the old privileges of seniority over all Militia, Yeomanry, and
other Volunteer corps were maintained. A resolution was then
passed which, reiterating the willingness of the company to
become a Volunteer corps, stated that, in order to preserve
the company as a distinct and separate body, it would
be most satisfactory to the members if the Parlia¬
mentary powers necessary were obtained under a separate
Act, other than the Volunteer Act. The company were
ready to accept the provisions of the National Defence Act,
under which they would be liable to be called out for
service whenever the Militia was embodied. The court, how¬
ever, rejected a motion which proposed to place at the disposal
of the commanding officer (the Duke of Portland) the sum of
£">00 for military purposes, pending the proposed alterations.
The court also deferred voting other Bums of money for mili¬
tary purposes while awaiting farther information; and it is
this action of the court which has led to the extreme measures
taken by the War Office. We trust, however, that tho con¬
ference* now in progress between the Secretary of State for
War and a deputation from the Court of Assistants of the
company will result in an amicable settlement; and that the
military organisation of the company will be restored and
improved. The deputation is composed ol Major Mainwaring
Jones, the senior officer ; Major Raikes, Major Durrant, Captain
Nunn, Captain Pash, and Captain Fry. It may he remarked
that the company, apart from military discipline, holds a
tolerably independent position. Whatever may be the fate of
the Royal Warrant under which the company has borne arms—
and which was granted by the Queen at the time the late
Prince Consort was Captain-General—the general impression
is that the company may still go on as a civil corporation
under its charter granted by Henry VIII.. and by its autho¬
rity may hold the properties whoso revenues it has hitherto
enjoyed.
The historical character of the Honourable Artillery Com¬
pany, even if there were an end of its military usefulness os
part of the Auxiliary Forces, gives it .an interest equal to that
of other City Companies, which were connected with trades
now obsolete, but which are allowed to retain their charters
and corporate property. From this point of view, our Illus¬
trations of the different uniforms worn by its members in past
ages, the ancient arms of the com panv, and the portrait of Prince
Rupert, who was its Captain-General in the reign of Charles I.,
show the antiquity of the institution ; and the scene copied
from an old engraving, in which its troops appear under the
orders of Alderman Barnard Turner, the Sheriff of London,
putting down the Gordon Rioters of 1780, proves that this
company has rendered good service, upon occasion, to the
cause of law and order. Its foundation, dating from the reign
of Henry VIII., is much more ancient than that of any
corps of the regular Army', though it was formed some¬
what later than the Royal Yeomen of the Guards and
the Gentleraen-at-Arms of the King’s Rousehold. Haying
been suppressed during the Commonwealth, it was revived
under Charles II., when its Captain-General and Colonel
was James, Duke of York, afterwards King James II.
The honorary command was subsequently held by King
William III.; George, Prince of Denmark, the Consort of
Queen Anne; George, Prince of Wales, afterwards King
George II.; George, Prince of Wales, afterwards Prince
Regent and King George IV. : King William IV.; the Duke
of Sussex ; Albert, the late Prince Consort : nnd his son, tho
Prince of Wales, who will, it is to be hoped, resume it,
as all members of this loyal company desire. The
corporate affairs of the comjtnny are managed by its
Court of Assistants, of which the president is Lord Colville
of Cnlross, a former officer of the regiment: they are
elected annually, and admit new members to the company by
ballot, who pay an entrance fee and an annual subscription.
Every Londoner knows the Armoury, in Moorfields, now City -
road, near Finsbury-square, which is the head-quarters of the
Honourable Artillery Company—a substantial and
building, which contains large and handsome rooms, adorned
with portraits and military trophies, and to which a P ar J^‘
ground of six acres and a spacious winter drill-room are attached.
The regiment consists of a troop of light cavalry, an artillery
division (both field and horse artillery), and a battalion of
infantry mustering six companies, who practise rifle-shooting at
their range in the Lea marshes near Tottenham. Tho cavalry
and artillery wear a bine uniform, with scarlet facings ; the
infantry wear a scarlet tunic, with a bearskin cap. somewhat
resembling tho Grenadier Guards. The officers of the regi¬
ment, below the Captain - General and Colonel ana toe
Lientenant-Colonel, are usually an Adjutant, two Majors*
seven or eight Captains, about twenty Lieutenants, a ^aarte -
master, an Inspector of Musketry, Surgeons, nnd a Chaplain.
We earnestly hope that the regimental organisation ran}
be preserved. It is well just now to remember that a
Boston, in the United States, an American branch 01
the Honourable Artillery Company, founded in the Bntisn
Colony of Massachusetts in HJ38. is still flourishing ; and tna*
the Prince of Wales, following the example of his father, has
accepted the honorary membership of that American 7
able Artillery Company, some of whose members have vm
England. They would be sorry to hear that the London co
pany had lost any portion of Royal favour.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Dec. 29, 1888.—772
1. Prince Rupert, August, 1664.
2. Princo of Wales. 1«88.
3. The llrst Regular Uniforms in tho tlmo of Charles I.
and Cromwell.
4. The Oldest Uniforms, supporters of the Company's Arms, in cast iron, oi
8. Time of Queen Anne and George I. [tho stono at Mooriields
6. Uniform of Artillery Division, 1797 to 1822.
7. Acting under orders of tho Sheriff of London In the Riots, 1780.
SKETCHES OF THE HONOURABLE ARTILLERY COMPANY.
8. Uniform of Infantry Division, l’t
9. Uniform of Infantry Battalion,
10. Uniforms of tho present time.
11. Uniform of Artillery and Infant
sun!■ 'in ;
mm
■A.* -
DEC. 29, 1888
774 THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
NEWGATE PRISON.
The demolition of this building, too famous in the gloomiest
chapters of our social history, may be shortly expected. In
presenting a view of its well-known front and a plan of the
interior, with some Illustrations of different apartments, a few
remarks on the history of Newgate will seem appropriate. So
far back as the reign of King John, there was a prison here,
maintained by the Corporation of the City of London, who had
also the Compter, in the Poultry, for the detention of minor
offenders, and who, at a much later period, used Bridewell,
near Blackfriars, for the punishment of disorderly apprentices
and women. The ancient prison at Newgate was destroyed by
the Great Fire of London, in 1666 ; another prison was then
erected, which was that out of which Jack Sheppard, the
notorious housebreaker, contrived to make his escape in the reign
of George II. This building was pulled down in 1772 ; and
the one now standing was erected, in different portions,
between that date and 1782, the architect being Mr.
George Dance. R.A.; bnt one part was burnt down, almost as
soon as it was bnilt, in the Gordon riots of 1780. The outer
walls of granite are three feet thick ; the front in Newgate-
street is 115 ft. long, and that in the Old Bailey is 295 ft., with
a stern, imposing aspect. There are two lodges for turnkeys,
and the Keeper's house in the centre of the Old Bailey front;
behind which is the chapel. The interior of the prison was
re-arranged, in 1857 and 1858, from the designs of Mr. Banning,
the City Architect. The quadrangle, occupied by men con¬
victed of felony, is 124 ft. by 4(5 ft., and each of the two wings
forms another quadrangle ; the position of the wards, and of
the corridors and galleries to which the cells open, is shown
in our plan. There are 168 ordinary cells, each measuring
13 ft. by 7 ft., and 9 ft. high, with a barred window 3 ft. 6 in.
high and 2 ft. 6 in. wide ; the cells were warmed by hot air;
and the furniture was a hammock-bed, slang at night across the
width of the cell, a wash-stand with basin, a close-pan, a folding
table fixed to the wall, a stool, and shelves of slate. Besides
these, there are eight punishment-cells for the refractory, and
sixteen reception-cells. The prison is calculated only for the
accommodation of 123 male and 45 female prisoners, on the
separate system ; which is a small number for the extent of
the buildings. In former times, before the separate system was
introduced, Newgate was horribly overcrowded, and its
condition excited the strong disapproval of John Howard.
There was no classification of the inmates ; criminals and
debtors, the old and the young, convicts and those awaiting
trial, were confined together; some who had money could
bribe the warders, buy liquor, and indulge in drunkenness and
gambling ; the free conversation, with profane songs and tales
of vice, was most corrupting. At one time, nearly 800 persons,
of both sexes and all ages, were huddled up in Newgate ; and
a contagious fever broke out which caused many deaths.
Mrs. Fry’s benevolent labours were begun among the female
prisoners here, of whom there were 150 at that period.
By the removal of the debtors to Giltspur-street Compter,
some of the grosser disorders we^e checked ; but the
place was found unsuitable for any proper course of
prison discipline. It was therefore resolved, in 1818, to use
it only for the safe custody of prisoners committed for trial;
and the House of Correction in ColdbatR-fields, and that at
Holloway, were erected for penal establishments in which
those undergoing their sentence are confined. Newgate, how¬
ever, still remained in an unsatisfactory state, and the reports
of the Government Inspectors of Prisons, from 1836 to 1843,
repeatedly urged the need of its alteration. There can be
no doubt that the City Lands Committee of the London
Corporation have acted judiciously in proposing to demolish
the building, which is ill-adapted for its purpose and is not now
required, and to make a profitable use of its site. The old
associations of Newgate, are dismal and detestable ; many
Londoners can remember seeing murderers hanged over the
gateway in the open street, before the Act of Parliament in 1868
which provided that executions should be privately performed
within the prison. Five or six persons at the same time were
occasionally hanged there, in the “good old days”of the reign
of George III. Our Illustrations of Newgate include that of
the “ condemned cell,” for the wretch awaiting his doom on
the gallows, and that of the paved pnssage, where the bodies
of men hanged were interred in quicklime under the pavement
The flogging block will also be noticed ; its structure combines
the pillory with the stocks, as the legs of the patient are
secured in two holes of the closed lid of a wooden chest, while
his hands are fastened in a frame to which his face is turned •
and in this posture, when his bare back feels the nine-lashed
scourge, or the birch rod if he is a boy, there is no chance but
to endure it as best he may.
MUSIC.
As usual at this period, musical activity in Loudon is inter¬
mitted during the prevalence of Chrietmas festivities; these
exercising a predominant claim on public attention for a
while. The latest important performance was that of “ The
Messiah ” at the Albert Hall, announced for Dec. 26, under the
direction of Mr. William Carter, with the co-operation of hia
well-trained choir, and eminent solo vocalists.
The musical aspect of 1889 will be promptly inaugurated
on Jan. 1, by a grand performance of “'The Messiah” by the
Royal Choral Society, conducted ’by Mr. Baraby. This will
be soon followed by the resumption of Mr. John Boosey’s
London Ballad Concerts, the twenty-third season of which
will be resumed, at St. James's Hall, with an after¬
noon performance on Jan. 5. Among the other prin¬
cipal forthcoming events of the month will be the re¬
sumption of the Monday Popular Concerts at St. James's
Hall on Jan. 7. and the Saturday afternoon performances
associated therewith on Jan. 12; the third of the Patti
concerts at the Albert Hall on Jan. 8 ; the continuance of the
season of Mr. Henschel's London Symphony Concerts at
St. James’s Hall, with the fifth evening performance of the
series on Jan. 15 ; the second of the vocal and pianoforte
recitals of Ilerr Heinrich and M. Moor at Steinway Hall on
Jan. 16 ; the production of M. Benoit’s oratorio, “ Lucifer,” by
the Roval Choral Society at the Royal Albert Hall on the same
date : the third of the Novello Oratorio Concerts at St. James’s
Hall on Jan. 23; and the usual BurnB* birthday celebrations,
on Jan. 25, by Scotch concerts at the Royal Albert Hall
and St. James’s Hall. Subsequent events must be ret erred to
in the order of their occurrence.
The Sacred Harmonic Society—it is stated—is now extinct,
the winding up of the institution having been determined on.
MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS.
Volume I. of Ricordi’s cheap edition of dance music con¬
tains a series of pieces of this class by various composers, in
the forms of the waltz, galop, mazurka, and polka, all bright
and tuneful, and forming a liberal shilling’s-worth that will
be welcome in many drawing-room circles.
Metzler’s “ Red Album ” is a collection of vocal and instru¬
mental pieces issued (by the well-known firm of music pub¬
lishers) in shilling parts, well engraved and printed, folio-size.
The parts recently published contain, respectively, songs by
popular composers, six pieces for violin and piano by various
han ls, and eight compositions for pianoforte solo. The
pleasing ebaract r of the music gcn n rally, and its freedom
NEWGATE PRISON, ABOUT TO BE DEMOLISHED.
from excessive difficulty, should ensure the publications a
wide acceptance among amateur vocalists and instrumentalists.
Messrs. Metzler and Co. also publish a set of eight original
compositions by Mr. H. M. Higgs, for violin and piano,
each bearing a distinctive characteristic title, which is well
realised in the music. The pieces are well written for the
display of each instrument, both in alternate prominence and in
combination, and are within the powers of moderately skilled
amateurs.
The popularity of Sir Arthur Sullivan’s music associated
with Mr. W. S. Gilbert’s “ The Yeomen of the Guard ” naturally
leads to the adaptation of some of its principal themes for use
in the ball-room. This has been skilfully done by Mr. P.
Bucalossi, in the shape of qnadrilles and waltzes that will be
largely welcomed for their tuneful sprightliness. Messrs.
Chappell are the publishers.
“Twelve Lyrics,” by Mr. A. Goring Thomas, are settings of
characteristic verses by Harold Boulton, each number bearing
a distinctive title which is well realised. Two of the
pieces, “ Contentment” and “ Sunset,” are duets: others—“ The
Viking’s Daughter,” ‘'The Heart’s Fancies,” “Voices of
Spring,” “Under thy Window," “A River Dream.” “A Love
Lullaby,” “The Willow,”“A Song of Sunshine.” and “The
Countryman’s Love-Song ”—being for a single voice. No. 4,
“ Time's Garden," is enhanced by a violoncello accompaniment
in addition to that for the pianoforte. The music has that
melodious flow and expressive grace which distinguish all
Mr. Goring Thomas’s productions, whether for the stage or
the chamber. Messrs. J. B. Cramer and Co. are the publishers.
“ Bonny Kilmcny ” is the title of a cantata composed by
Hamish MacCunn to words partly adapted from Hogg’s
“ Queen’s Wake.” The young Scottish composer has recently
gained great and deserved distinction by several works, choral
and orchestral, in which a distinctive character is strongly
apparent: giving promise of much important work to come
from the same source. The cantata now referred to is
composed for solo voices (soprano, tenor, and baritone),
chorus, and orchestra, and is divided into two parts, each
comprising several pieces, choral and solo; in all of which
there is much imaginative and interesting writing. The publica¬
tion of the work with an arranged pianoforte accompaniment
brings it within the scope of drawing-room performance, for
which it is eminently suited, there,being no formidabledifficulties
to be encountered. Messrs. Paterson and Sons (of Edinburgh) are
the publishers, from whom also we have several songs by the
same composer. “To Julia, Weeping,” “I’ll tend thy bower,”
“ The Ash-Tree,” “ At the mid hour of night,” and “ I will
think of thee, my love ” are all far above the average of songs
of the day. Without any straining after originality, there is a
distinctive character in Mr. MacCunn’s songs which should
recommend them to a large circle of vocalists, especially as
they offer little, if any, difficulty.
“Listening Angels,” a song by Theresa Beney (Messrs.
Morley and Co.), is a very expressive setting of serious words
by Adelaide Proctor. The melody is simple without being
commonplace, and the effect may be heightened by the use of
an additional accompaniment for the harmonium or organ.
If we mistake not, we have previously noticed a very graceful
“ Minuetto” for the pianoforte by the same lady composer—
published by Weekes and Co.
“ Songs of the Seasons,” and “ Song-Fancies ” are the titles
of cantatas for children ; the first composed by Ethel Har-
raden, the other by Atherley Rush. Each is well adapted for
its purpose—to interest very young people, both by the music
(which is bright and tuneful) and the verses which it> illus¬
trates. Messrs. Forsyth Brothers are the publishers of both
cantatas.
Viscount Cross on Dec. 19 presented the Queen's prises and
certificates to the successful students in the Metropolitan
Drawing Classes connected with the Science and Art Depart¬
ment and City Guilds. He urged the importance of technical
education, which he regarded as of vital interest to tao
nation.
A. The Keepers House ft.P assage ,< Caxocmn,
B . Looses eon the Turnkeys I . Passage to nri Sessions
C . Ter Rooms K.^dsor
D The ARCnoc UNDER Chapel L.BeoRooms fobTurnk:
t. Closets M . SellarStaiks
F . Stair Coses H.Passaces
the Leu A.
lAinm
Men Felons
Qvadnancif
Women Felons
'V ADMAN
Q uadrangle
1. The Chapel (looking South).
2. The “ Bird-Cage Walk " : the Murderers are buried under the
flooring, and on the left is a piece of the old Roman Wall.
3. The Flogging Ward (looking North).
4. The Flogging Block.
6. The Chain Cupboard : inside are—1, The Anvil for working out Rivets. 2. Chains
from which Jack Sheppard freed himself. 3. Pinions. 4. Axe, formerly
carried before Prisoners at Executions, another version being that it was
made for the Cato-strect Conspirators but not used. 5. Old Irons. The rest
are modern and In use.
6. The Condemned Cell.
7. Gateway over which the Scaffold
erected for Executions.
8. Ground Plan.
NEWGATE PRISON. INTERIOR VIEWS AND PLAN.
776
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.*
BY WALTER BESANT,
lcnol or "DllROTMr VORSTKR." “CH1LDRRR OH lilDROS,"
"TRR Revolt or M»V "K*TR»ni*R BMIXA,” arc.
CHAPTER L.
THE CHEAT LORD CHANCELLOR.
- t *•* f
been appi
t.'- _ i . A ^ plier and
wo went.
the Prince of Orange
had already landed.
We learned thin
news next day, and
you may be euro
j: that we were in the
]: saddle again and
riding to Exeter,
there to join his standard.
This we did with the full
• ; rr'— ' i ]pe« (Unffan / < ■< -ns- nt < f Madam and of Alice.
. vlksMI WWfllW Mu«-h ;i ' we had suffered al-
K‘:W:W/ ' I jS r '/VT 0 S’ 1 -idy. t - v would not deter us,
JW'-ir ' I m '- J Inravise this thing would have
M ~ ^ i: i . .... ,pprove<l by Sir Christo -
nd l)r. Eykin. Therefore
As all the world
' knows, this expedition was
Min-osful. YetwasnotBarnaby
_ . _ made an Admiral, nor was I
ffi /V) fk S n: 7 in..,1, a Court physician-; we
LSv-: pit, in fact, no reward at aii,
, J : , f ‘J>n/€ \ | i tliat for Baruaby was pro-
3*1 , / ,m ,1 a lull pardon on account of
f*¥ 1 / the lionii. i<ii of hia late master.
rln*/ X# / My -.. campaign, as event.
i A If ' body knows, was bloodless. To
begin with, we liad an army, not of
raw country lads armed indifferently
and untrained, but of veteran troops, fifteen thousand
-troop, all well equipped, and with tire best General in
Europe at their head. At first, indeed, such was the dread
iu men's minds euused by Ixird Jeffreys’ cruelties, few came
in; yet, this was presently made up by wliat followed, when,
without any lighting at all, tile King's regiments melted away,
his priests iled, and his friends deserted him. This was a very
different business from that other, when we followed one
whom I now know to have been a mere tinsel pretender, no
better fitted to be a King than a vagabond actor ;it a fair is fit
to lie a Lord. Alas: what blood was wasted in that mad
attempt (—of which I was myself one of the most eager pro¬
moters. 1 was then young, and I believed all that I was
told by the conspirators in Holland; I took their list
of well-wishers for insurgents already armed and waiting
only for a signal; I thought the roil of noble names set
down for sturdy Protestants as that of men already pledged
to the Cause; I believed that the whole nation would rise at
the first opportunity to turn out the priests; 1 even believed
in the legitimacy of the Duke, and that against the express
statement of his father (if King Charles was in reality his
father), and 1 believed what they told me of his princely
virtues, his knowledge of the urt of war, and his heroic valour.
I ray that I believed all these things' and that I became a
willing and zealous tool in their hands. As for what those
who planned the expedition believed, I know not; nor will
anyone now ever learn what promises were made to the Duke,
what were broken, and why he was, from the outset, save for
u few days at Taunton, so dejected and disappointed. As for
me, I shall always believe that the unhappy man—unwise and
soft-liearted —was betrayed by those whom he trusted.
It is now an old talc, though King Monmouth will not
speedily lie forgotten in the West Country, nor will the
memory of the Bloody Assize. The brave lads who followed
him are dead and buried; some in unhonoured graves hard by
the place where they were hanged, some under the bnrning
sun of the West Indies: the Duke himself hath long since
paid the penalty of his rash attempt. All is over and ended,
except the memory of it.
It is now common history, known to everybody, how the
Prince ot Orange lingered in the West Country, his army
inactive, as if he knew (doubtless he was well informed upon
this particular; that the longer he remained idle the more
likely was the King's Cause to fall to pieces. There are some
who think that if King James had risked an action he could
not but have gained, whatsoever its event—I mean that, the
blood of his soldiers once roused, they would have remained
steadfast to him, and would have fought for him. But this
he dared not to risk ; wherefore the Prince did nothing, while
the King's regiments fell to pieces and his friends deserted
him. It was in December when the Prince came to Windsor,
mid I with him, once more Chyrourgeon in a rebel arniy.
While there 1 rode to London—partly with the intention of
judging for myself ns to the temper of this people; partly
because, after so long an absence. I wished onee more to visit
a place where there are books and pictures; and partly because
there were certain notes mid herbs which I desired to com¬
municate to the College of Physicians in Warwick-lanc. It
happened , to be the very day when the King’s first
flight—that, namely, when he was taken in the Isle of
Kheppey—became known. The streets in the City of London
I found crowded with people hurrying to and fro, running in
bands and companies, shouting and crying, ns if in the presence
of some great and imminent danger. It was reported and
currently believed that the disbanded Irish soldiers had begun
to massacre the Protestants. There wus no truth at al^iu the
report; but yet the bells were ringing from all the towers, the
crowds were exhorting each other to tear down and destroy
the Romish chapels, to hunt for and to hang the priests, and
especially Jesuits (I know not whether they found any), and
to shout for the Prince of Orange. I stood aside to let the
crowds (thus religiously disposed) run past, but there seemed
no end to them. Presently, however (this was in front of the new
Royal Exchange;, there drew near another kind of crowd. There
marched six or eight sturdy fellows bearing stout cudgels and
haling along a prisoner. Round them there ran, shrieking,
hooting, and cursing, a mob of a hundred men and more;
they continually mndc attacks upon the guard, lighting them
with sticks and fists; hut they were always thrust back.
I thought at first that they hod caught some poor, wretched
priest whom they desired to murder. But it proved to be a
prize worth many priests. As they drew nearer, I discerned
the prisoner. He was dressed in the garb of a common sailor,
with short petticoats (which they call slops;, and a jacket; his
cap had been torn off. leaving the bore skull, which showed
thnt he was no sailor, because common sailors do not wear
wigs ; blood was flowing down his chock from a fresh wound;
his eyes relied hither and thither in an extremity of terror; 1
could not hear what he raid, for the shouting of those around
him. but his lips niov.sl, and 1 think he was praying his guards
to close in and protect him. Never, surely wus seen u more
terror-stricken creature.
I knew his face. Once seen (I had seen it once) it could
•Alt Biaklt K,i>rvtd.
never be forgotten. The red and bloated cheeks, which oven
his fear could not make pale ; the eyes, more temble than have
been given to any other human creature; these J could not
forgot-in dreams I see them still. I saw that face at Exeter,
when the cruel Judge exulted over our misery and rejoiced
over the sentence which he pronounced. Yea, he laughed
when he told us how we should swing, but not till we were
dead, and then the knife—delivering his sentence so that no
single point of its horror should be lost to us. Y es; it was
the face of Judge Jeffreys-none other-this abject wretch
was that great Judge. Why, when wc went back to our
prison there were some who cast themselves upon the ground
and for terror of what was to eome fell into mere- dementia.
And now I saw him thus humbled, thus disgraced, thus
threatened, thus in the last extremity and agony of terror.
They had discovered him, thus disguised and in hiding, at
a tavern in Wapping, and were dragging him to the presence
of the Lord Mayor. It is a long distance from Wapping to
Guildhall, and they went but slowly, because they were beset
and surrounded bv these wolves who howled to have his blood.
And all tile way he shrieked and trembled for fear.'
Sure and certain is the vengennee of the Lord!
This Haman. this unjust Judge, was thus suffering, at the
hands of the ravage mob, pangs far worse than those endured
by tile poor rustics whom lie had delivered to the executioner.
I say worse, because I have not only read, but have myself
proved, that the rich and the learned—those, that is, who live
luxuriously and those who have power to imagine and to feel
beforehand—do suffer far more in disease than the common
ignorant folk. The scholar dies of terror before ever he feels
the surgeon’s knife, while the rustic bares liis limb, insensible
and callous, however deep the cut or keen the pain. I make
no doubt, therefore, thnt the great Ixird Chancellor, while they
huled him all the way from Wapping to Guildhall, suffered as
much as fifty ploughboys flogged at the eart-tail.
Manv thousands there were who desired revenge upon
him—I know not what revenge would satisfy the implacable ;
because revenge can do no more than kill the body ; but his
worst enemy should be satisfied with this,, liis dreadful fate.
Even Bama’by, who was sad because he could get no revenge
on his own account (he wanted a bloody battle, with the rout
of the King's armies and the pursuit of a flying enemy, such
as had happened at Scdgetnoor) was satisfied with the justice
which was done to that miserable man. It is wonderful that he
was not killed amidst so many threatening cudgels; but his
guards prevented that, not from any love they bare him; but
quite the contrary (more unforgiving faces one never saw); for
they intended to'hund him over to the laird Mayor, and that
he should be tried for all his cruelties and treacheries, and,
perhaps, experience himself that punishment of hanging and
disembowelling, which he had inflicted on so nitiny ignorant
and misled men.
How he was committed to tile Tower, where lie shortly
died in the greatest torture of body as well as mind, everybody
knows.
CHATTER LI.
THE CONFESSION.
Now am I eome to th(j last event of this history, and I have to
write down tile confession of my own share in that event. For
the others—for Alice and for Robin—the thing must be con¬
sidered as the crown and completion of all the mercies. For
me—what is it? But you shall hear. When tlic secrets of all
hearts are laid open—then will Alice hear it also; what she
will thou say, or what think, I know not. It was done for her
sake—for her happiness have I laid this guilt upon my soul.
Nay, when the voice of conscience doth exhort me to repent,
and to confess my sin, then there still ariseth within my soul,
as it were the strain of a joyful hymn, a song of gratitude that
I was enabled to return her to freedom and the arms of the
man she loved. If any learned Doctor of Divinity, or any
versed in that science which the Romanists love (they call ft
casuistry) should happen to read this chapter of confession, I
pray that they consider my case, even though it will then be
useless a? far as I myself am concerned, seeing that I shall be
gone before a Judge Who will, I hope (even though my earthly
affections do not suffer me to separate my sin from tlie conse¬
quences which followed), be more merciful than I have deserved.
While, then, I stood watching this signal example of God’s
wrath, I was plucked gently by the sleeve, and, turning, saw
one whose countenance I knew not. He was dressed as a
lawyer, but his gown was ragged und his bonds yellow; he
looked sunk in poverty ; and his face was inflamed with those
signs which proclaim nloud the habit of immoderate drinking.
“ Sir.” he said, “if I mistake not, you are Dr. Humphrey
Cliallis?”
“ The same. Sir; at your service,” I replied, with some
misgivings. And yet, being one of the Prince’s following,
there needed none.
“ X have seen you, Sir, in the chambers of your cousin, Mr.
Benjamin Bosoorel, my brother learned in the law. We drank
together, though (l remember) you still missed the bottle. It
is now four or five years ago. I wonder not that you have
forgotten me. We change quickly, wc who are the jolly
companions of the bottle; we drink our noses red, and we
paint our checks purple; nay, we drink ourselves out of our
last guinea, and out of our very apparel. What then, Sir ?
A short life and a merry. Sir, yonder is a sorry sight. The
first Law Officer of the Crown thus to lie haled along the
Streets by a howling mob. Ought such a thing to be suffered ?
”fis a sad and sorrv sight, I say ! ”
“Sir,” I replied hotly, “ought such villains as Judge
Jeffreys to be suffered to live ? ”
He considered a little, as one who is astonished and desires
to collect his thoughts. Perhaps he hod already taken more
than a morning draught.
“ I remember now,” he said. “ My memorv is not so good
ns it was. We drink that away as well. Yes, I remember—
I crave your forgiveness, Doctor. You were yourself engaged
with Monmouth. Your cousin told me as much. Naturally,
you love not this good Judge, who yet did nothing but what
the King, liis master, ordered him to do. I. Sir, have often
had the honour of sitting over a bottle with his Lordship,
men his infirmities allowed (though not yet old, he is
grievously afflicted) he had no equal for a song or a jest, and
would drink so long as any were left to keep him i company.
Ha ! they have knocked him down—now they will kill him.
No; he is again upon his feet; those who protect him close in.
So—they have passed out of our sight. Doctor, shall we crack
a flask together 1 1 have no money, unhappily; but I will with
pleasure drink at your expense.”
I remembered the man’s face now, but not liis name.
’Twns one of Ben’s boon companions. Well; if hard drinking
brings men so speedily to rags and poverty, even though it be
a merry life (which I doubt), give me moderation.
“ Pray, Sir,” 1 said coldly, “ to have me excused. I am no
drinker.”
“ Tiicn, Doctor, yon will perhaps lend me, until we meet
again, a single guinea! ”
I foolishly complied with this request.
“Doctor, I thank you,” he said. “ Will you now come
and drink with me at my expense? Sir, I sav nl«i 1
you do not well to refuse a friendly glass. \ could
many things, if you would but drink with me, concerni,!
Lord Jeffreys There are things which would make 3Z
laugh. Come, Doctor; I love not to drink alone. YourcoasO,
now^was alway ready to drink with any man, until lie fcli
“ How ? is my cousin ill ? ”
“ Assuredly; he is sick unto death. Yesterday I went ra
visit him, thinking to drink a glass with him, and ra-rham ra
borrow a guinea or two, but found him in bed and ravine u
you will drink with me. Doctor, I can tell you many curioa.
things about your cousin. And now I remember you w,™
sent to the Plantations; your cousin told me so ’ You hare
returned before your time. Well, tlie King hath run uwav
you are, doubtless, safe. Your cousin hath gotten his cran'd ’
father’s estate. Lord Jeffreys, who loved him mi*htily nro
cured that grant for him. When your cousin wakes at night he
swears that he sees his grandfather by bis bedside lookimr nt
him reproachfully, so that he drinks the harder; ’tis a mem-
life. He hath also married a wife, and she ran away from
him at the church door, and he now cannot hear of her'or find
her anywhere, so that he curses her and drinks the harder
Oh ! ’t is always the jolliest dog. They say that he is not the
lawyer that he was, and that his clients are leaving him All
mine have left me long since. Come and drink with me
Doctor.” ’
I broke away from the poor toper who liad drunk un
his wits as well as his money, and hurried to my cousin’s
chambers, into which I had not thought to enter save as one
who brings reproaches—a useless burden.
Benjamin was lying in bed: an old crone sat by the fire
nodding. Beside her was a bottle, and she was, X found half
drunk. Her I quickly sent about her business. No one else
had been attending him. Yet he was laid low, as I presently
discovered, with that kind of fevfi- which is bred in the
villainous air of our prisons—the same fever which had carried
off his grandfather.
Perhaps, if there were no foul and stinking wards, jails
and clinks, this kiud of fever would be banished altogether!
and be no more seen. 8 o, if we could discover the origin and
cause of all diseases, we might onee more restore man to his
primitive condition, which 1 take to have been one free from
any kind of disease or infirmity, designed at first by liis Creator
so to live for ever, and, after the Fall, enabled (when medicine
hath so far advanced) to die of old age after such prolongation
of life and strength as yet we cannot even understand.
“Ay,” he replied, in a voice weak and low, not like his old
blustering tones. “ Curse me and upbraid me, if thou wilt.
How art thou come hither? Is it the ghost of Humphrey?
Art thou dead like ray grandfather ? Are we on the Planta¬
tions of Barbados?”
“ Indeed, I am no ghost, Benjamin. As for enrscs, I have
none; and as for reproaches, I leave them to tliy conscience.”
“ Humphrey, 1 am sore afflicted. I am now so low that I
cannot even sit upright in my bed. But thou art a doctor—
thou wilt bring me back to health. I am already better only
for seeing thee here.”
I declare that as yet I had no thought, no thought at all,
of what 1 was to do. I was but a physician in presence of a
sick man, and therefore bound to help him if I could.
I asked him first certain questions, as physicians use, con¬
cerning his disorder and its symptoms. I learned that after
attending at the Court, he was attacked by fits of shivering
and of great heat, being hot and cold alternately, and that in
order to expel the fever he had sat drinking the whole evening—
a most dangerous thing to do., Next, that in the morning, he
had been unable to rise from his bed, and, being thirsty, had
drunk more wine—a thing enough of itself to kill a man in
such a fever. Then he lost his head, and could tell me no moro
what had happened until he saw me standing by his bedside.
In short, he had been in delirium and was now in a lucid
interval, out of which he would presently fall a-wandering
again, and perhaps, raving, and so another lucid interval,
after which he would die unless something could be done for
him.
I liked not his appearance nor the account which lie gave
me, nor did I like his pulse or the strange look in his eyes—
death doth often show his coming by such a prophetic terror
of the eyes.
“ Humphrey,” he said pitifully. “ It was no fault of
mine that thou wast sent to the Plantations.”
“That I know full well, Cousin,” I answered him. “Be
easy on that score.”
“ And as for Alice,” he went on. “ All is fair in love.”
I mndc no reply, because at this point a gnat temptation
assailed my soul.
You have heard how I learned many secrets of the women
while I was abroad. Now, while we were in Providence
Island I found a woman of the breed they call half caste—that
is, half Indian and half Portuguese—living in wlmt she called
wedlock with an English sailor, who did impart to me a great
secret of lu r own people. 1 obtained from her not only the
knowledge of a most potent drug (known already to the Jesuits)
but also a goodly quantity of the drug itself. This, with
certain other discoveries and observations of my own, I was
about to communicate to the College, in YVarwick-lonc.
As for this drug, I verily believe it is the most potent
medicine ever yet discovered. It is now some years since it wn»
first brought over to Europe by the Jesuits, and is then-fore
called Pul vis Jesm lints, and sometimes Peruvian Bark, w h en
administered nt such a stage of the fever as had now been
reached by my unhappy cousin it seldom fails to vivify the
spirits and so to act upon tlie nerves ns to restore the sinking,
and to call back to life a man almost moribund.
Uemembering this, I lugged the packet out of my pocket
and laid it on the table. _ ,
“ Be of good cheer, Cousin,” I said; “ I have a drug wlmii
is strong enough, with the help of God, to make a dying man
sit up again. Courage, then! ”
When I had said these words my temptation fell upon me.
It came in the guise of a voice which whispered in my ear.
“ Should this man die,” it said, “ there will be freedom for
Alice. She can then marry the man she loves. She wul j*
restored to happiness. While he lives, she must still continue
in misery, being cut off from love. Let him die, therefore.
“ Humphrey,” said Ben; “ in this matter of Alice: if
will come to me, I will make her happy. But I know n
where she is hidden. Things go ill with roe since that unlucky
day. I would to God I had not done it! Nothing hath g
well since ; and I drink daily to hide her face. Yet at ,n r
she haunts me—with her father, who threatens, ana -
mother, who weeps, and my grandfather, who repronene..
Humphrey—tell me-what is it, man? What mean thy loox
For while he spoke that other voice was iu my care lUfl ?j hp
Should he «£e, Alice will
live, she will continue in misery.”
*s
DRAWN BY A. F0RE8TIER.
Then I knelt beside his bed, and prayed aloud for him. But incessantly he cried (or help, wearing himself out with prayers and curses.
“FOR FAITH AND FREEDOM.’*—BY WALTER BE8ANT.
778
b EC. 29,
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
but my own thoughts, vet involuntary), t felt so great a pity,
»u< h nn overwhelming love for Alice, that my spirit was wholly
caniiil away. To restore her freedom ! Oh ! what price was
too great for such a gilt ? Nay—I was seized with the thought
that to give her ho great a thing, even my own destruction
would be a light price to pay. Never, until that moment, had
I knowji how fondly and truly X loved her. Why, if it were
‘o be done over again-but this matters wot. I have to make
.ny confession.
“ Humphrey, speak ! ” I suppose that my trouble showed
itself in my face.
“Thou art married to Alice/’ I said slowly. “That can¬
not be denied. So long as thou livest, Benjamin, so long will
she be robbed of everything that she desires, so long will she
b • unhappy. Now if thou shouldst die ”-
“ Die? I cannot die; l must live.'* He tried to raise him*
self, but he was too weak. “Cousin, save my life.”
“ If thou shouldst die, Benjumin,” 1 weut on, regardless of
his words, “ she will be set free. It >s only by thy death that
she can be sot free. Say then to thyself: 4 1 have done this }>oor
woman so gre.it an injury that nothing but my death can atone
for it. Willingly, therefore, will I lay down my life, hoping
thus to atone for this abominable wiekedness/ ”
“Humphrey, do not mock me. Clive me—giv« me—give
m' speedily of that drug. I die—I die!-Oh!—give me of
thy drug.”
Then I took the packet containing the Pulvis Jesuiticus and
threw it upou the fire, where in a moment it was a little heap
of ashes.
“ Now', Beniamin,” I said, “ I cannot help thee. Thou
must surely die.”
He shrieked, he wept, he implored me to do something—
something to keep him olive. He began to curse and to swear.
“ No one can now- wire thee, Benjamin,” I told him. “Not
all the College of Physicians; not nil the medicines in England.
Thou must die. Listen and heed : in a short time, unless thy
present weakness causeth thee to expire, there will fall upon
thee another fit of fever and delirium, after which another
interval of reason : perhaps another—but yet thou must
surely die. Prepare thy soul, therefore. Is there any message
for Alice that thou wouldst send to her, being now at the
point of death ? ”
llis only answer was to curse and weep alternately.
Then I knelt beside his bed, and prayed aloud for him.
But incessantly he cried for help, wearing himself out with
prayers and curses.
“ Benjamin,” I said, when I had thus prayed a while, but
ineffectually, “ I shall take to Alice, instead of these curses,
which avail nothing, a prayer for pardon, in order to touch
her heart and cause her to think of thee with forgiveness, as of
one who repented at the end. This I shall do for her sake.
I shall also tell thy father that thy death was repentant, and
shall take to him also a prayer for forgiveness as from thee.
This will lighten his sorrow, and cause him to remember thee
with the greater love. And to Robin, too, so that he may
rease to call thee villain, I will curry, not these ravings, but a
humble prayer (os from thyself) for forgiveness.”
This is my confession; /, who might have saved mg cousin,
sufficed him to die.
The sick man, when he found that prayers or curses would
not avail, fell to mouniug, rolling his head from side to side.
When he was thus quiet I piaved again for him, exhorting
him to lift up his soul to his Judge*, and assuring him of our
full forgiveness. But, indeed, 1 know not if he heard or
understood. It was then about four of the clock, and growing
dark. 1 lit a candle, and examined him again. I think that
he was now unconscious. He seemed as if he slept. I sat down
and watched.
I think that at midnight, or thereabouts, I must have fallen
asleep.
When I awoke the candle was out, and the fire was out.
The room was iu perfect darkness. I laid my hand upon my
cousin’s forehead. He was cold and dead.
Then I heard the voice of the watchman in the street:
“ Past two o’clock, and a frosty morning! ”
The voice I hud heard before whispered again in ray car.
•• Alice is free - Alice is free ! Thou—thou—thou alone hast
set her free ! Thou hast killed her husband ! ”
I threw myself upon my knees uud spent the rest of that
lung night in‘seeking for repentance; but then, ns now. the
lamentation of a sinner is also mingled with the joy of think¬
ing that Alice was free at last, and by none other hand
than mine.
This is my confession • I might have saved my cousin, and
I suffered him to die. Wherefore I have left the profession
iu which it was my ambition to distinguish myself, and am no
longer anything but a poor and obscure person, living on the
charity of my friends iu a remote village.
Two days afterwards I was sitting nt the table, looking
through the dead man’s papers, when I heard a footstep on
the stair. *
It was Bamabv, who broke noisily into the room.
“Where is Benjamin?” he cried. “Where is that
villain V ”
“ What do you want with him ? ”
“ I want to kill him. I am come to kill him.”
“ Look upon the bed, Barnaby.” I laid back the sheet and
showed him the pale face of the dead man.
“ The hand of the Lord—or that of another- hath already
killed him. Art thou now content?”
ho had nothing else) now belonged to Alice, a widow who had
never been a wife.
It is thirty years ago and more. King William III. is dead;
Queen Anne' is dead; King George (who cannot, they suy,
speak English, but is a stout Protestant) sits upon our throne;
the Nonconformists are free, save that they cannot enter the
universities, and arc subject to other disabilities, which will,
doubtless, be removed in the course of years. But English
people, I think, love power beyond all earthly things; and so
long as the Church is in a majority, the churchmen will
exercise their power and will not part with it. To us of
Bradford Orcas it matters little. We worship at the parish
church. Every Sunday I contemplate, as I did fifty years ago,
the monument of .Filipa kneeling apart, and of her husband
and his second wife kneeling together. There is a new tablet iu
the chancel put up to the memory of Sir Christopher, and
another to that of Dr. Comfort Eykin. Their bodies lie some¬
where among the mounds on the north side of Uminster Church.
Forty years ago, as you have seen, there stood three boys
in the garden of the Manor House discoursing on their future.
One wished never to go anywhere, but to remain always a
country gentleman, like his grandfather; one would be a
great lawyer, a Judge, even the Lord Chancellor; the third
would be a great Physician. Lo ! the end of all! The first,
but after divers miseries, perils, and wauderings, hath attained
to his desire; the second lies buried in the churchyard of
St. Andrew’s, Holborn, forgotten long since by his companions
(who, indeed, are now with him in the pit), and remembered
only among his own kin for the great wickedness which he
wrought before the Lord. And os for the third and lost, no
illustrious physician is he; but one who lives obscure (but
content) in a remote village (in the very cottage where his
Mistress was born), with books and music, and the society of
the sweetest woman who ever graced this earth for his solace.
She was always gracious: she was gracious in her childhood;
gracious as a maiden, more gracious still is she in these latter
days when her hair is grey, and her daughters stand about her,
tall and comely
Now, had I administered that powder—that sovereign
remedy, the Pulvis Jesuiticus —what would have been her lot ?
“ Humphrey,” said Robin, “ a penny for thy thoughts.”
“ Robin, I was thinking—it is not a new thing, but twenty
years old and more—that cousin Benjamin never did anything
in his life so useful as to die.”
“ Ay, poor Benjamin ! That he had at the end the grace
to ask our forgiveness and to repent hatli in it something of a
miracle. We have long forgiven him. But consider, Cousin.
We were saved from the fight; we were saved from the sea ;
we were saved from slavery; we were enabled to strike the
last blow for the Protestant religion—what were all these
blessings worth if Benjamin still lived ? To think, Humphrey,
thut Alice would never have been my wife and never a mother;
and all these children should have remained unborn ! I say
that, though we may not desire the death of a sinner, we were
not human if we rejoiced not at the death of our poor cousin.”
Yes ; that is the thought which will not suffer me to repent.
A single pinch of the Pulvis Jesuiticus , and he might have been
living unto this veiy day: then would Alice have lost the
crowning blessing of a woman’s life.
Yet—I was, it is trufc, a physician—whose duty it is to save
life, always to save life, even the life of the wretched criminal
who is afterwards to die upon the gallows.
Yet again, if he had been saved! As I write these lines I
see my .Mistress walking down the village street. She looks
over my garden-gate , she lifts the latchet and enters, smiling
gravely and tenderly. A sober happiness sits upon her brow.
The terror of her first marriage has long been forgotten.
Why, as I watch her tranquil life, busy with her household
and her children, full of the piety which asks not (as her father
was wont to ask) how and where the mercy of Heaven is
limited, and if, indeed, it will embrace all she loves; as I mark
the tender love of husband and of children which lies arouud
her like a garment and prevents all her doings, there comes
back to me continually a bed-room in which a man lies dying.
Again, in ^memory, again in iutetUion, I throw upou the fire
that handful of Pulvis Jesuiticus which should have driven away
liis fever and restored him to health again. A great and
strong man he was, who might have lived till eighty years:
where then would have been that love ? where those children ?
where that tranquil heart and that contented mind? “/
WILL NOT SAVE HIS LIFE." I sav again in my mind:
“/ WILL NOT SAVE HIM; HE SHALL DIEV
“ Humphrey,” my 51 is tress says, “ leave thy books a while
and wnlk with me; the winter sun is warm upon the hills.
Come, it is the day when Benjamin died—repentant—^what
better could we wish ? What greater blessing could have been
bestowed upon him mid upon us than a true repentance and
then to die? Oh ! dear Brother, dear Humphrey, let us walk
and talk of these blessings which have been showered upon
my undeserving head.”
TUB END.
NEW TALE 11Y HR. HIRER HAGGARD
The first Instalment of a .Veto Serial Story , of absorbing
interest, entitled CLEOPATRA (being an Account of the
Fall and Vengeance of Uarmachis , the Royal Egyptian, as
set forth by his own hand), written by II. Rider HAGGARD
expressly for this Paper , and Illustrated by R. CATON
Woodville, will commence in our next Number.
CHAPTER THE LAST.
In the decline of years, when the sixtieth birthday is near at
hand and one looks not to live much longer and the future
hath no fresh joy to bring with it (but only infirmities of age
and pain), it 0 profitable and pleasant to look back upon the
past, to observe the guidance of the Unseen Hand, to repent
one’s sins, and to live over again those seasons, whether
of sorrow or of joy, which we now perceive to have been
This have’ I done, both in reading the history of our lives
as related by my ML-tress, and in writing this latter part. To
the former have I added nothing, nor have I subtracted any¬
thing therefrom, liecause l would not suffer the sweet and
candid soul of her whom l have always loved to be tarnished
by any words of mine, breaking in upon her own, as jarring
notes in some lovely harmony. It is strictly laid upon me to
deliver her words just as she hath written them down.
Now, after the death of Benjamin, I took it upon myself,
b lug his cousin, in the absence of his father, to examine the
paper* which lie had left. Among them I found abundance
of songs, chiefly in praise of wine and women, with tavern
bills. Also, there were notes of legal cases, very voluminous,
and I found notes of payment made to various porous
engaged iu inquiring after Ins wife, in those towns of the West
Country where her father’s name would procure friends for
her. But there was no will; Benjamin had died (never look¬
ing for so earlv nn end) without making any will. Therefore,
all his estate, Including the manor of Bradford Orcas (indeed.
Acte Ready ,
JLLUSTRATED J^ONDON ^LMANACK FOR 1889.
Published
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ONE SHILLING.; Inland Paroel Post, Threepence.
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POSTAGE FOR FOREICN PARTS THIS WEEK,
DECEMBER 29, 1888.
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SCIENCE JOTTINGS.
HOLLY-BERRIES.
That spray of holly in the smoking-room which remains over
from the Christmas festivities, with its red berries gleaming
from among their background and setting of dark green leaves
has been teaching me a curious story of plant-life os I lav
lazily this morning enjoying the post-prandial Havana. Out¬
side there are holly-bushes fringing the lawn-tennis ground,
and a sprinkling of snow has set out the greenness of leaf and
the redness of berry better far than the neutral tint of the
smoking-room wall. The thought which arose in my mind
had reference to the uses of colour in fruit, and to the possible
advantages which accrue to theholly tribe and to all its kith and
kin which possess coloured fruitsconspicuously displayed. Time
was when man's observation of things extended just so far as the
things themselves. Quite true; my metaphysical friends. 1 know
will argue for hours about “ the nature of things in themselves."
This smoking-room has heard learned talk, prolonged into the
small hours, about Aristotelian notions and the Berkeleian
philosophy of an outer world—which philosophers say we
make out of ourselves largely or completely. But in the science
of now-a-days we have acquired the habit of going beyond
objects to seek out their meaning. The holly-berries are
pretty and pleasing, no donbt. Linnams—cautious, observant
old Swede—would have contented himself with a minute
description of the holly-tree. Every character of leaf, 6tem
fruit, and flower would have been duly noted as a guide to
classification. Nature, in those days, was regarded as a well-
ordered museum. “ Here's a holly, and there 's an apple,” was
the tacit summation of botany in bygone days. They were species-
makers and variety-mongers in those times, and were uncom¬
promising advocates of exact description and enumeration of
the characters of animals and plants. We have changed all
that, thanks to the master-spirits which have taught us that
nothing in nature stands solitary or alone. There has been a
tremendous searching out of the “ reason why " of everything
since the days of Linnreus. Books on botany, written, say,
thirty years ago, are filled with dry details and detached facts!
Now the dry bones of description are made to glow with
vitality, and the facts are linked together like pearls on a
string, to make np an interesting story of how things have
come to be what they are. Holly-berries were probably as red and
holly-leaves were as green in the past cycles as they are now—
and that was all. To-day, one wants to know why the leaves
are green, why the berries are red, and what nses and purposes
both serve, not merely as a part of holly-life, but as parcel of
plant-existence at large.
Between fruits and flowers, in the matter of colour, there
is a close and intimate association. Every school-boy who is
taught botany, knows that flowers are coloured to attract
insects, while the insects in turn cross-fertilise the plants by
carrying the pollen-dnst from one flower to another flower of
the same species. Colour in flowers, then, has a purpose all
undreamt of by the older botanists. What of frnits.’ Colour
here, in the logical sequence of events, must be credited
with a purpose also. Let us see what that design may be.
When you look at an apple or orange you are struck by
the apparently big size of the edible part of the fruit,
and by the relatively small size of the seeds. Compared
with, say, the frnits of a buttercup, represented by the
collection of little dry green bodies borne on the end of
the flower-stalk, the apple, orange, peach, plum, and cherry
are grandiose in the extreme. The apple substance does not
nourish the seed. There is no question of nutrition involved
in the matter at all. The seeds are all ready to produce the
new plants, and lie concealed within the apple, and cherry or
plnm stone, waiting their season and opportunity. Why,
then, all this big growth of eatable material? The answer
is “ For the birds and insects and for man's benefit
as well.” The blackbirds that peck at the peaches and
apples are Nature's servitors. They come for their food
to the gardener’s preserves, and as they split np the dainty
snccnlent frnit, they liberate the seeds, and thus secure the
prospect of fresh generations of plants. Here, then, is a
philosophy of fleshy fruits for your consideration, and in
it is involved a philosophy of coloured frnits as well.
The colour attracts, and the fruit-substance rewards, the birds;
and the plant gains through the liberation of its seeds and
through the chances thus acquired of an early and satisfactory
development in the soil.
The holly-berries, like the rowans and barberry fruits, are
thus coloured to attract birds. In the barberry you see how
the fruits are clustered, so as to mass the colour and to make
sure of the fruit catching the eye of the bird-visitor. The
rowan-tree has less dense clusters of berries, and the holly
is still more modest in respect of its fruikdevelopment
But what holly loses in the size of its clusters, it gains in
the brightness of its berries. Against the dark green of the
leaves, the berries stand out with great prominence. Their
after-history is instructive enough. A holly-berry is gobbled
up by a bird with ease. What of the seeds the berries contain ?
Does digestion, which in a bird is a tolerably rough and
mechanical process, destroy the seeds? Not so. The seeds,
encased each in its dense tough covering, resist even the
digestion of the bird’s gizzard and stomach, and they are
passed on uninjured through the alimentary tract of the
animal. Thus liberated, and the bird being the gainer by its
digestion of the soft parts of the berries, the holly-seeds fall
into the soil and grow up each in time to the holly-tree. Note
again, how this interaction between bird and fruit serves
nnotber useful purpose. Birds traverse leagues of country
in their peregrinations. They may thus convey the holly-
seeds to regions hundreds of miles from the parent tree
whence the berries were plucked. You begin with the
colour of a berry, and you end by securing the dis¬
tribution of holly-plants far and wide through the agency of
the bird. We owe much to the dispersal of seeds by such
agencies. There is a plant of the New World, the American
currant, which long ago was introduced into France, for tne
sake’of the dark red juiec of its berries, which was used to
colour wines. At Bordeaux this currant was extensively
cultivated. Man introduced the plant, bat mark the greater
influence of the colour of its fruits and the work of tne
birds. Now the American currant is found universal y
throughout the South of France. It has spread also into
Switzerland, and has reached the Tyrol. You con, thereto ,
prophesy with considerable safety regarding plants and tne
chances of distribution, when yon see these frnits and
the story of their distribution. Holly-terries have soc
associations dear to the hearts of us all. They possess, at
ever, in their redness and in their attraction for bird-visi re,
a romance that is all their own. Andrew W itsox.
At a general meeting of the Institute of Paiutere in Oil
lours, held on Dec. 19, Messrs. J. J. Shannon, J. Pickering,
d T. B. Kennington were elected members.
Mrs. Pledge, the ex-Mayoress of Folkestone, has been pa¬
sted by the inhabitants of the town with a hamtto
imond bracelet, in recognition of her services amongs
DEC. 29, 1883
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
779
NOVELS.
The Rogue. By W. E. Norris. Throe vols. (B. Bentley and
Son).—There are novel-readers who seek the pleasures of fancy
in vivid pictures of outward scenes and situations, the stranger
the better ; others who find imaginative excitement in the
conflict of vehement passions, with alternate fierceness and
tenderness ; others, again, to whom the analysis of individual
character, or the less difficult exhibition of social types, is a
source of intellectual interest. “ Tons les genres sont bons,
hors le genre ennuyeux.” Mr. Bider Haggard, Miss Braddon,
and Mrs. Campbell Pracd, Mr. Henry James, Mr. Walter
Besant. and Mr. Norris, to name only living writers, treat
the vast and various theme of human life in different
ways, and make fiction serve different purposes, but
each is more entertaining to a particular class of minds.
In each of the lines above indicated, these authors
have several worthy companions who could easily be
named, besides literary predecessors whose works yet abide in
popular favour. A just and friendly critic, who is always
thankful for any good story or other book, will avoid com¬
parisons of merit, and is disposed to accept the verdict of
public success. Let every reader, with a taste deliberately
recognised by bis or her own consciousness, choose and keep
to the kind of novels that proves most interesting to his or
her disposition. It will then be found, allowing one week for
the consumption of three volumes—we do not so well like to
read a story by monthly instalments in the magazines—that a
numerous staff of able novel-writers is required to maintain
the supply. Only dismiss the feeble, the dull, the puerile, as
well as the base and foul, the vnlgar and ignorant pretenders
to an intimate acquaintance with the world, those who describo
scenes of luxury and fashion, aristocratic manners, sports,dinner¬
parties, drawing-rooms and ball-rooms, for the sake of introduc¬
ing characters of extreme moral depravity invested with the garb
of elegance and titles of rank—only set aside the bad and the
weak novels, of which there are legions, and then it will
appear that we get scarcely enough good ones to meet the
public want. Now this one of Mr. Norris's, though some may
think “ The Bogue” an unpromising designation, is a very
good specimen of that kind of novel, produced also by
Mr. Henry James of an excellent quality, the value of which
consists in the contemplation of four or five individual
characters placed in snch mutual relations as to bring out the
distinguishing complexion of each of them, with no extra¬
ordinary vicissitudes of fortune, and with no violence
of action. Here is the essence of serious comedy, as
Moliere and some instructive English writers for the
stage used to practise it in a past generation, and as
Thackeray, of all modern novelists, was most inclined
to do ; for Anthony Trollope dealt more largely in
class types of society than in personal characters
apart from the intluences of their education or pro¬
fession. Mr. Oswald Kennedy, who is not “the
rogue," but the rogue's uncle, though some years his
junior, since Oswald's father married a second time
in his old age. when a daughter of the first marriage,
Mrs. Hey wood, had two children, Tom and Gertrude,
is an amiable gentleman with excessive considera¬
tion for others. He is a genuine “ altruist," to borrow
the ethical slang of the day, far more anxions to
help Tom Heywood. whom he does not quite like or
trust, than to gratify any wish of his own ; and this
mainly because he feels uneasy at having been born
to deprive Tom of the inheritance of a good landed
estate. Tom Heywood. for his part, being “ the
rogue," and having lived a shifty, rather shady life
in America, connected with adventurers and specu¬
lators of questionable honesty, rejoins the survivors
of his kindred, after many years’ absence, with an
unscrupulous determination to get all he can out of
them. His deceased grandfather has cut him off
with a legacy of £100U, while leaving £18.000 to
his young sister Gertrude, and Oswald Kennedy's
estate is worth £7000 or £8000 a year. Naturally,
Tom Heywood's idea, as his occupation is that of
assisting promoters of speculative companies, often
acting as secretary or London or Paris manager, is
to borrow money of his relatives for such purposes,
to which he is instigated by an American ally, one Mr.
Fisher. The remarkable feature of Oswald's conduct is
that while be earnestly desires to make some moderate
pecuniary sacrifice for Tom's sake, being tolerably indifferent
to the risk of losing a round sum of his own money, and
while he does not care, though otherwise prudent and cautious
in business, to control Tom's employment of a loan from him¬
self, his indignation is quickly aroused by Tom's attack on the
parse of Gertrude. There are snch men, but they are not
commonly met with, whose combative energy will be aroused
only by an unselfish motive, and who allow themselves to be
regarded as soft, apathetic, or indolent, from, a constitutional
habit of not pushing their own claims or insisting on their
own deserts. The same tendency to self-abnegation is dis¬
played in Oswald's love affairs ; he is sincerely attached to
Stella Mowbray, a young heiress of sprightly temper and
keen intelligence ; but he idly waits to see whether she may
not prefer some other suitor. He had once, while living in
France, been attracted by a young Mademoiselle who afterwards
became a Madame De Bcvigny, and whose reputation os “ a
fast woman,” amidst the social corruption of the Empire, then
caused the scrupulous Englishman to avoid her acquaintance.
This Frenchwoman comes to England and shows herself in
Oswald's neighbourhood ; while Tom Heywood, unmindful of
the comic song, “ Tommy, make room for your uncle," has a
notion of securing Miss Mowbray's fortune and hand for
himself. He, therefore, like “ the rogue” he is. communicates
to that young lady an injurious notion that Oswald has
been engaged in an intrigue with the notorious French
married coquette. At the same time, he is so base as virtually
to sell his own sister Gertrude to Mr. Fisher, the middle-aged
American speculator, for a pecuniary consideration ; and
though she, for her part, loves Algernon Pycroft, an honest
gentleman returned from Australian explorations, she will do
anything for her unworthy brother. These are perilous com¬
plications, from which Oswald Kennedy, being an amiable
doubter and dawdler, would scarcely be able to rescue himself
and those whom he loves ; but he has a friend, a shrewd old
Lady Hester, who sees through all Tom’s villainy, and who
contrives the means of defence and exposure. Tom has been
in frightful scrapes daring his American life. He has
embezzled some money of a bank at St. Louis, which Fisher
knows ; and he has had a wife, whom he believes to be dead,
but who suddenly reappears in London. These facts, being
discovered, effectually pnt an end to “ the rogue's " machin¬
ations ; Gertrude is released ; and Stella Mowbray, being
disabused of her false impression concerning Oswald's
previous behaviour, consents to help him in the duties of
a country squire. “ The rogue," in defiance of moral and
poetical justice, gets rid of his American encumbrance,
escapes the infamy that he deserves, and marries a sleepy fair
widow, coming into a heap of money. We should be much
better pleased if he were kicked out.
Through the Long Night. By E. Lynn Lynton. Three vols.
(Hurst and Blackett).—Mrs. Lynn Lynton is an authoress of
wide accomplishments and long experience in literature. Her
classical tale of “ Amymone ” was published forty years ago,
when her early taste had been formed by a personal acquaint¬
ance with Landor. Traces of that predilection may even yet
be perceived in frequent allusions to Hellenic fable which
have become unusual with the novelists of the present day,
though sometimes employed, rather less accurately, by Miss
Braddon. But Mrs. Lynn Lynton's writings have been of a
discursive and diversified character: ethical and historical
essays, clever and somewhat bitter satirical exposures of the
manners and morals of social life, and stories exhibiting
violent conflicts of passion in most painful situations, have
proceeded from her industrious pen. All her works prove
sustained literary ability, and “ Through the Long Night ” is a
story of considerable power. Yet being as it is a novel, one
must estimate its value by the requirement essential to this
kind of fiction—that it should represent the natural
sentiments and behaviour of men and women as they
are, under the influences of modern society, and of English
habits and customs. With regard to women, who should be
the most important persons in a novel dealing with affairs of
the heart and domestic happiness or misery, the authoress is a
a keen, perhaps a sharp, observer of her own sex, and has also
made them the subject of on extensive range of learned
critical studies. She has written of “ The Girl of the Period,"
of “ Frisky Matrons,” of Woman in Greece. Woman in Borne,
Woman in Italy and other countries in the Middle Ages. In
this novel we find two leading female characters—those of
Lady Elizabeth Inchbold and Estelle Clanricarde, the sometime
Mrs. Harford—which are eminently womanly, and which may
be accepted as original and consistent individual types, if our
idea of the intended conception of Estelle (namely, that she
had from the beginning a tendency to insanity) be received as
a true explanation of her conduct. It is not expressly stated :
her sufferings are enough to drive many a fond girl mad, and
their effect in producing the mental disorder is accurately
descrilted ; but the latent tendency may be suspected almost in
the first chapter. To have revealed it prematurely would,
perhaps, have been too prejudicial to her claim on that respect
for the independence of a rational personality which raises
sympathy above mere compassion. At the same time, her mental
disease becomes, after the forced marriage and the cruel trick
of deceiving her with a false report of her lover’s death, suf¬
ficiently apparent to relieve her of all stain of guilt, when
she escapes from a hated husband to fly with Charles Osborne,
on the impulse of the instant, ufiable to reflect on her duty as
a wife and mother, insensible to all but his living presence
and her pledged affection to him in the past. This view of
Estelle's condition, while it excites our pity, entirely redeems
her story, which is told in other particulars with absolute
delicacy, from any palliation of a vicious course ; and Charles
Osborne, for his part, fignres as a vain egotist unworthy of
such a sacrifice, which, indeed, no worthy man could in any
case accept. On grounds of morality, therefore, no objection
can be taken to the sad story ; it is with pure compassion, not
at all with indignation, that a virtuously disposed reader will
peruse the narrative of Estelle's unhappy life, and will recog¬
nise the genuine charity, the friendly, sisterly, Christian
tenderness of Lady Elizabeth, in hastening, after Charlie’s
death, to soothe and save the distracted victim of emotional
delusion. A more admirable feminine character than that of
Lady Elizabeth, “ a perfect woman, nobly planned, to warn, to
comfort, to command,” has seldom been delineated in
fiction. Seeing the fine tact and discretion, as well as the
high moral courage and fidelity, with which she confronts
the injured husband, disarming his revenge, pleading for
mercy, and softening his savage heart, it may be surmised
why this brave young lady was called " Delight,” by the Earl
her father; not as a pet playful name, but with reference to
Wordsworth's poem, “ She was a phantom of delight,” already
quoted, in which consummate womanhood is credited with the
most practical virtues : “ the reason firm, the temperate will,
endurance, foresight, strength, and skill.” We cannot say
that Mrs. Lynn Lynton has been equally successful in her
portraiture of the characters of men ; she evidently does not
understand true manhood, and her idea of a gentleman is
incorrectly superficial and conventional, like those of the
majority of lady novelists. With an absurdly false estimate
of mere external graces of figure and manner, she reiterates
silly expressions of contempt, snch as “ omadhaun," and
vastly exaggerated admissions of social humiliation, to the
disparagement of her Caleb Stagg, the best man and the
truest real gentleman—the only true one, among the leading
personages—to be met with in this story. He is the son of a
coarse and boorish miner who has grown'rich ; but he has had
a good education, reads Shakspeare, Homer, and .Eschylns,
studies natural history and biology, and though he might, from
habits of solitude in youth, be shy and awkward when intro¬
duced to fashionable society, he could not be a mere clown ; nor
would a man of his sound good sense, his refined feelings and
his unassuming modesty, be an object of scorn and derision,
especially if the heir to great wealth, only for his plain or
ugly face. On' the other hand, Mr. Anthony Harford, though
born of the landed gentry, athletic and handsome, returning
from years of American travel and adventure, from hunting
l>ears and buffaloes, fighting Bed Indians, and consorting with
the cow-boys and gold-diggers of Colorado, is decidedly not a
gentleman, as he shows by his behaviour in England. It is a
wonder how the authoress and Lady Elizabeth can possibly
mistake him for one ; a cool, hard, insolent braggart who
entertains the ladies at a dinner-party with tales of murderous
Western ruffianism told in hideous jocular slang—who keeps a
revolver in his pocket, even in the drawing-room, and shows it
to Lady Elizabeth, telling her that it is to kill his runaway
wife—and who has perpetrated the hideous crime of sternly
forcing a broken-hearted, half-imbecile girl to marry him
against her will, being accessory, as he was, to the fraud that
had been contrived by her mercenary mother. This Anthony
Harford, truly, is no hero to be finally mated with such a
heroine as Lady Elizabeth, after the suicide of poor Estelle. A
good novel, it has been said, wants really interesting men in it,
as well os interesting women. “ Through the Long Night ” is
fatally spoilt by a distorted conception of the masculine
characters ; and therefore, we are sorry to say, it is not a good
novel, on the whole; but some parts are very good. The
earthquake on the Riviera, with the fright and confusion
among the visitors at Mentone, is vividly described. The Rev.
Mr. Medlicott and his bride, with her affected hostility and
cruel insults to the fallen Estelle, are characteristic specimens
of impertinent assumption. There is some ingenuity, too, in
the prolonged conspiracy of Mary Crosby and her mysterious
mother to cheat a residuary legatee by personating a deceased
old lady entitled to a life annuity. Mrs Lynn Lynton is most
effective in the satirical vein ; but satire is never more than
half the truth.
TEMPLE BAR OUT OF TOWN.
The Corporation of the City of London, when a few years since
they removed the stately old architcctnral gateway, with its
statues of the Stuart Kings, from its position at the western
boundary of the City, unquestionably improved the convenience
of carriage traffic between the St rand and Fleet-street. The
stones of that interesting structure were carefully preserved,
with indications of their proper places in the ancient building,
which was designed, after the Great Fire of London, by Sir
Christopher Wren. There are many places in London where
this characteristic monument of civic and national history
might easily have been re-erected. The Metropolitan Board of
Works could have provided a site for.it, one would think, at
the bottom of some avenue to the Thames Embankment; or
the First Commissioner of her Majesty’s Works could have
received it as an appropriate ornament for one of the entrances
to St. James's Park. We regret to observe that Temple Bar
has been finally rusticated and sent twelve miles out of
London, having been handed over to a country
gentleman for the adornment of his private park
on the borders of Middlesex and Hertfordshire.
Theobalds, at Cheshnnt, near Enfield Chase, is
certainly a place of historical associations inferior
to few in the neighbourhood of London. It belonged
to Sir William Cecil, Lord Burleigh, the great
Minister of Queen Elizabeth, the ancestor of the
present Lord Salisbury, and to his son, Sir Robert
Cecil; it was often visited by that Queen and by
her successor, James I.; and in 11107, being ex¬
changed by the said Sir Robert Cecil, first Earl of
Salisbury, for Hatfield House, it became the rural
palace of King James, who died there in 1027*.
Charles I. occasionally resided there; but the mansion
was polled down, by order of Parliament, during
the Commonwealth : and the place afterwards be¬
longed to General Monk, Duke of Albemarle, on
the Restoration of Charles II. Ihcse local ante¬
cedents may perhaps be considered to warrant the
transferrence of a memorial of the Stuarts to Theo¬
balds Park. The Duke of Portland obtained a
grant of Theobalds, but in the middle of the last
century it was sold to the Prescott family, and its
present owner is Sir Henry Meux, Bart. Our Illus¬
tration of Temple Bar in the country, pleasantly
surrounded with trees, is from a photograph taken
by Messrs. Whittey and Co., Turner s Hill. Cheshunt.
The trees had not lost their autumnal foliage when
this photograph was taken. Some fine days next
summer will perhaps tempt a few Londoners to run
out that way and enjoy the pleasant country, when
they may see their old City portal in its rural retreat. We
hope the situation is not too dull for their Majesties in stone,
King James and his Queen, King Charles I. and King
Charles II., who for two hundred years stood on high watch¬
ing the bustling crowds, and in modern times the cabs and
omnibuses, passing from Westminster to the Citjr, while the
muniment-room of Child's Bank, above the central arch, was
safe in their august guardianship. It is ten years since the
removal of Temple Bar, for which, in point of artistic taste,
the heraldic Griffin, with the sculptures of Victorian Royalty
on its pedestal, is a questionable substitute; bat “ the old
order changes, giving place to new.” It is not probable that
any traitors' heads will ever again be stuck on the top of
Temple Bar. _
Doctors’ Day at Merchant Taylors' School was celebrated on
Dec. 20 by a banquet iu Merchant Taylors’ Hall—Mr. George
Baker, the master, presiding. In proposing the toast of the
evening he stated that every pupil old enough to proceed to
the university bad won either a scholarship or an exhibition.
Major-General Lyon Fremantle, Deputy Assistant Adju¬
tant-General of the Auxiliary Forces, speaking at the annual
presentation of prizes of the 21st Middlesex Rifles, said that
the efficiency returns of the Volunteer Force for the past year,
which closed on Oct. 31, had just been completed at the War
Office, the numbers being 221,0Q0, a decrease of 13,000 from the
previous year.
A vigorous attempt is now being made in the metropolis
and throughout the country to raise £ 10,000 to clear off the
existing debt on the Wesleyan Foreign Missionary Society and
increase its permanent income. Towards this event Mr. Henry
J. Atkinson, M.P., has personally raised £1000, and the re¬
maining £6000 is expected to bo realised by the Christmas
Day Family Offering Fund. The treasurers of the society havo
just received a legacy of £8000 for mission work in China.
In the Chancery Division on Dec. 20 Mr. Justice North
ruled that a photographer who had been employed by a
customer to take his or her portrait was not justified in
striking off copies for his own nse, or in selling and disposing
of them, or in publicly exhibiting them without the authority
of the customer, expressed or implied. He accordingly granted
an injunction restraining a photographer at Rochester from
making use of a lady customer's portrait.
Mr. Parnell's action against the Timet for libel came before
the Court of Session, Edinburgh, on Dec. 20, when Mr. George
E. Wright, publisher, and Mr. John Walter, one of the pro¬
prietors of the Timet, gave evidence. The latter stated tbnt
his interest in the paper consisted of one sixteenth and a half
of a sixteenth. Mr. Soames, the Timet' solicitor, under¬
took to furnish a full list of the proprietors, of whom
there are hundreds. The hearing was adjourned until after
Christmas.
TEMPLE Ban OUT OF TOWN, KE-KUECTED IN TIIE rAHK OF SIB HENBY MEVX, UAItT.
DBAWN
THE IXiLU 8TEATED LONDON NEWS, Dec. 29, 1888.—781
•82
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
MC. 29 , U
THE GUEST ON THE THRESHOLD.
Everybody understands the feelings of expectation, suspense,
doubt, and anxiety with which we await the coming of a
guest whom we have never seen. A stranger, he may
be, to us and ours—recommended, perhaps, by some half-
forgotten friend—a man of whose tastes or character we have
not the slightest knowledge. We have assembled, let us
suppose, a little company to emphasise the welcome we wish
to offer him. The curtains have been drawn ; the fire blazes
merrily in the grate ; the lights fill the room with a softened
glow; and there we sit, with our companions—sometimes
engaging in desultory talk, sometimes dropping into silence,
as is always the way with people who hope or dread a novel
experience—listening for the footfall on the stairs, and the
opened door, which shall announce the arrival of the new¬
comer. We speculate among ourselves what manner of individual
he will prove—dark or fair? plain or comely? urbane or morose ?
We wonder whether he will be a desirable addition to our “ list
of friends" ^whether he will belong to the class of manly
men whose high purpose it is to accomplish some good work
for Christ and humanity; or whether be will turn out to b<v
one of the great army of social triflers.oneof the world's idlers
and do-nothings, or under a plausible exterior carry a false heart
and an evil temper. It is no trivial matter, mark you, the
introduction into one's house of a stranger-guest. Of course,
it is the merest platitude to say that the electric chain with
which we are subtly bound links ns so closely to each other
that no incident can occur to the individual without affecting
the many ; and that the contact, even if temporary, with a fresh
mind must exercise an influence upon ns for good or bod. We
cannot set aside this man or that as of no account. The
tragedy of “ Hamlet ” could not go on to its dreadful issue
without a Rosencrantz and a Guildenstern. In the fairy tale
it is the dwarf with the enchanted sword who delivers the
captive Princess. This makes it all the more wonderful
that we should be so ready to foregather with “the man
in the street," to press the happy shelter of our •• mahogany
tree” upon the chance acquaintance of a day, of whose
actual self wo arc as profoundly ignorant as we are of
our own soul. I am sometimes amazed at the
readiness with which “intimacies" are entered upon.
In the elder comedy, if a Don Francisco come
across a Don Pedro on a terrace in Seville, the two
immediately swear eternal “ friendship" ; it is always
done ! But it is hardly prudent—is it /—to transfer
so romantic a piece of stage-business to our every¬
day life. How do we know—or do we know ?—what
kind of dramatis persona we are thrusting upon the
sceneThe new actor may be a marplot, an ill-doer,
a mischief-maker, and so entangle the threads of onr
destiny, and so poison the sweet fountains of exist¬
ence, that we may live to rue the day—I have known
such things to be—when we hastened, with smiling
face and ontstretched hand, to greet the Guest on
the Threshold.
I grant you that it may be otherwise; that the
stranger may eventually win our esteem and con¬
fidence because he deserves them; that he may
unfold into that rarest of human blessings—a trne
friend, because a wiBC and an honest one; that we
may discover in him all that Cicero discovered in
Atticus, or Milton in Diodati, or Brooke in Sidney,
or Cowper in John Newton ; so that the day on
which we first clasped hands with the unknown
guest may merit to be marked in our life-calendar
with the whitest chalk as a dies notanda. All I
would hint to the young is, that we cannot pick up
“•desirable acquaintances "as a pigeon picks up peas !
Asa rule, the man of whom we know nothing should
never be in the position of a Guest on the Threshold.
While the last sands of December are rapidly
running through the inverted glass, let us indulge
ourselves with the fancy of contemplating the New
Year as, in like manner, a Guest on the Threshold,
as yet unseen and unknown. There is this differ¬
ence : no human guest crosses our threshold un¬
invited ; but this latest-born of Time, like Banqno's
ghost, waits for no welcome, and will not be denied.
How many of us, I wonder, in the solemn hush of
the passing hoars, are reflecting what manner of
companion this self-constitnted visitor may prove?
We know what his predecessors have been and what
they have done ; how much or how little of help and
comfort, of suffering and sorrow, they have conferred
upon us ; their tricks and turns, their changes of
countenance, their surprises, their misadventures—with all
these we are only too familiar. But, unfortunately, this know¬
ledge will avail us nothing with the stranger. In some respects,
it is true, we may assume that he will wear the same favour.
We mav be certain that he will pour some bitter into onr cup,
and will mock our ears with promises unfulfilled ; that while
he is with us the thorns will often crackle under our pots, and
our pitchers go down to wells that are waterless. This is the
way with all the Years ! We may be sure beforehand that he
will bring us little which we wish for, and despoil us of much
which we prize. But whether he will hereafter grow upon us
as friend or foe, adviser or accuser, rudtrmon or kakbd/rmon
who can foresee, or, if wise, will venture to predict?
Though he may come with a smiling face, he may turn upon
us by-and-by a melancholy one; or the sad eyes which are
now directed towards the past may beam with joy as they look
into the future.
The false Florimel, in Spenser's “ Faerie Queene, who at
first enchants Sir Blandaraour “with golden words and
goodly countenance," stands afterwards revealed as an image
of wax, moulded by a wicked witch's spell. Who knows what
similar deception this new guest of ours may not pass off
upon ns ? Or what deception we may not impose upon our¬
selves. clothing the stranger in the rainbow hues of fancy-
converting “ cloth of frieze " into “ cloth of gold ’ ? \\ hen
Don Quixote falls in with an undistinguished shepherd, he
straightway hails him as King of the Garamantuans. With
equal simplicity some of us choose to believe that the year,
because it is a new-comer, mast be a Dives—a Midas—with
hands full of gold and silver—though, alas! there may be
nothing in them hut thorns and thistles. At all events, he
comes to us without a remorse or a regret—as free from
offence as a new-born babe ; but who dares say that he will
leave us so? There arc such dreadful possibilities in this
nnkuown guest! It may he that during his twelvemonths’
sojourn with us he will develop an infinite capacity
for the commission of follies or even of sins, for the
infliction of sufferings which shall almost ernsh the
life out of the y>ung heart. I am reminded of that
terrible Eastern tale of the Afreet who gained admission
into the King's palace in the person of a handsome young
prince, and then changed suddenly into a hag, with dreadful
claws, which did to death the unsuspecting victim. Some¬
times the year in its course undergoes a transformation nearly
as hideous : It staods upon the threshold now—a spirit of
light, with hope and promise on its wings ; before long it may
take upon itself the gloomy figure of Azrael. It opens with
the sound of bridal bells ; perhaps it will pass away amid
echoes of funeral music. The blithesome lark’s song of glad
expectancy with which it thrills our hearts may change all
too soon into a palinode, a thronody, or a dirge. There may
be no chairs empty aronnd the domestic hearth when the New
Year crosses the threshold; and yet, before its “trailing
skirt" vanishes into the darkness, our sorrowing eyes may
have learned to gaze wistfully at the “vacant place"—the
place that shall never again be filled. Heaven grant that the
coming year may not deal thus with you, my friends ! May
the Guest on the Threshold carry in bis hand no wreath of
cypress, nor lead in his train the mourning-women !
Yet, after all, this uninvited (though not unexpected)
guest may turn out very much what, if we are not over¬
sanguine, we wish him to l»e. At the worst, here he is—
“ the man in possession ” : and it will only be wise to make the
best we can of him! Remember, we shall weaken his
capacity for evildoing by meeting him with the courage of
cheerfulness ; we shall ward off the stings of his reproaches
by giving no occasion for them. We shall even do much to
lighten the harden he will impose upon us by straightening
our bocks to bear it. Let him rob us of what be will, he mutt
leave us our faith in Heaven : of that none but ourselves can
deprive ourselves. He mast leave us the wisdom of the ages,
with which to sustain onr patience ; and the bloom and
brightness of Nature, on which to feed our imagination. He
cannot takeaway from us “ Plato’s brain. Or Lord Christ's heart,
and Shakspeare's strain." He cannot take away from ns “ the
seven stars and the solar year," the glory in the grass and the
splendour of the flower,* the solace of human affection and
the support of the Divine love. So that, if yon look into the
matter fairly, you will see that we have no just cause (except
so far as it lies in oar own thongbts and actions) for regarding
with suspicion or alarm the Guest on the Threshold. Terrible
as may be his power to wound ns with unforeseen blows, he
cannot beat us into the dnst, if we be but true to our manhood
and constant to onr belief in the living God. There are more
blessings around us than the greediest soul can exhaust—more
v.s
PARISIAN SAYINGS AND DOINGS.
(From our own Correspondent.)
The political week has been marked by a grand speech made in
the Senate by the ex-Minister of Foreign Affairs, M. Challemel-
Lacour, who, himself a Republican, bitterly criticised the
successive Governments which have directed the destinies of
France during the past seventeen years, insisting principally
upon the dangers which the Radical policy had brought upon
France to the point even of endangering her future. The
substance of M. Challemel-Lacour's advice to bis colleagues
and to hi9 compatriots was a policy of concentration an
alliance of patriots of all parties against those who would
ruin France by their adventures and their irritating narrow¬
ness and persecutions. Unfortunately we are too near the elec¬
tions for any such alliance to be conclnded. M. Floquet
of course, had to defend his Radical Cabinet and policy
against tbe attacks of M. Challeinel-Lacour, and, in reply to
direct questions from M. L6on Say and others, he announced
that the Government meant to work for the common defence
and that if by chance the existing laws were not sufficient to
enable them to resist and conquer Boulangism, they would not
hesitate to ask for new' ones. For that matter by re-establish¬
ing the servtin d'arr<>»di**rvirnt instead of the *e rutin dr list?
the Government was giving the nation arms to defend itself
against plebiscitary adventurers. The great question of the
moment has become the method of voting—the election of
deputies by districts, or the election of u certain number for
each Department by srrutin dr lixtr. On this point depends the
salvation of the Republic, and when once the Republic is saved,
as it doubtless will be, the organisation of the French demo^
cracy, according to the principles of 1789, will still remain
to be accomplished. Daring a century twenty essays of
constitutions have been made in France, but tbe practical
realisation of the principles of 1789 has hardly been begun.
The threatened Panama Canal catastrophe has been pic¬
turesquely called the “ Krach des bas do laine," meaning that
the people affected by it are mostly those small country
capitalists who save up their money in an old woollen stock¬
ing. As M. De Lesseps said to the late Emperor William of
Germany : “ Je fais le Canal de Panama avec les bas
de laine.” This fact accounts for the little excite¬
ment which the dangerous condition of the company
has caused. All those interested have only a small
stake; they are simple people whose voices are not
heard ; tbe great bankers and speculators are not in
the affair ; the example of Suez encourages the
sufferers, and so great is the influence of M. De
Lesseps, and so enthusiastic is the French tempera¬
ment when appealed to by ideas and phrases l "
HOPE INCLINE HAILWA
AFGHAN FRONTIER OP
INDIA, TOWARDS KANDAHAR.
joys than griefs, more hopes than fears, more stars than clouds.
Even the vacant chair that moves us to an agony of tears is
filled—if we would but see it!—with the wings and white
garments of an angel. I hold it trne that all the evil and
pain in the world are to its good and happiness only as a
grain of mustard-seed to a mountain. Go thou, my friend, to
hail the stranger with a hopeful and a steadfast heart. The
clock strikes twelve—let the Old Year out and the New Year
in. “ Farewell! ” to the shrunken form and bow'ed head of the
departing friend ; and “ Welcome! Welcome ! ” to the young
and buoyant Guest on the Threshold. W. H. D.-A.
RAILWAY ON AFGHAN FRONTIER OF INDIA.
The Indian Government railway, projected originally by Sir
Richard Temple, w'hich traverses the mountainous region of
Beloochistan. north of the Bolan Pass and Qnetta, from the
western border of Scinde to the new military station of
Pishin. and thence still w estward to the Khoja Amram range,
overlooking the plain of Kandahar, has repeatedly been
mentioned a9 a work of the greatest political import¬
ance. It is now rapidly approaching completion. An
extensive tour along the Indian north-western froniier has
been undertaken by the Commander-in-Chief, Sir Frederick
Roberts, and his Staff. Sir Charles Dilke accompanies the
party. Our Illustration represents the wonderful rope incline
railway over tbe Kojak Pass, which Sir Charles and the party
ascended on Nov. 12. Here, this line reaches a height of
7250 ft. above sea-level, and has a gradient of no less than 1
in 24, w'hich is, with one exception, the steepest of any in
the world. It was designed and carried out by Mr. W. .1.
Weightman, A.M.I.C.E., under the orders of the Engineer-in-
Chief, Mr. F. L. O'Callaghan, C.S.I., C.I.E. Onr Illustration is
from a photograph by Mr. R. J. Woods.
A Royal Proclamation commands the Peers of Scotland to
assemble at Holyrood House on Thursday, Jan. 10 next, to
choose a representative Peer in the room of the late Earl of
Mar and Kellie.
The War Office authorities have purchased several acres of
ground, situated betw’een Eppiug and Ongar, as a site for new
military barracks. The spot selected is on high land, and
only a short distance from the Ongar branch of tbe Great
Eastern Railway. There will be accommodation for 5000 men.
Tariff/*, that it seems very probable that the woollen
stockings will come to their own rescue and sub¬
scribe the money still w anted. A strong movement
is setting in, and meetings are being held by the
dozen. In January a meeting will be held iu the
Hippodrome, the only place in Paris big enough to
accommodate the thousands who are interested. The
precarious condition of the Panama Company will,
however, certainly affect the New Year's gift or
et mines season. And to make matters worse, behold
an agent de change. M. Bex, has just absconded,
leaving a deficit of eight millions of francs and a
feeling of distrust in the hitherto immaculate cor¬
poration of stock-brokers.
Apropos of the New Army Bill at present before
Parliament, and hindered in its passage by the
Radicals, who insist upon obliging seminarists and
priests to perform military service like the common
run of mankind, a clear-headed and sceptical journal¬
ist, M. Magnard. of the Figaro , makes the following
admission : “ The Army is a school of obedience and
discipline; it is also, like every masculine collec¬
tivity, a school of coarseness of language and habits.”
How very wonderful is the presumption of a
literary clique, and howr simple-minded are some
would-be revolutionaries ! * Zealous reporters, who
had interviewed M. De Goncourt, announced that
the first night of his new piece, “ Germinie Lacerteux,"
would be a hot battle, in which the old formulae of
dramatic art would be broken and trampled upon,
and out of tbe ruins would rise a bold and powerful
conception in the Shakspearean form, open to the
investigations of modern thought and psychology.
“Germinie Lacerteux" has been represented at the
Odeon, and the ten tableaux of which the piece is
composed have been hissed and hooted as heartily as
ever piece was hissed and hooted. The failure of the play is
complete. Then w'hy say anything more about it? Simply
because the personality of M. Edmond De Goncourt is a very
considerable one in literary Paris. Since the death of Flaubert.
M. De Goncourt has been looked upon ns the chief of
the realist school, of which MM. Zola and Alphonse Daudet
are only tbe continuers. In quantities of prefaces and
manifestoes M. De Goncourt has attacked the contemporary
stage, and announced his desire and intention of renovating it
by means of a piece which should be the integral manifesta¬
tion of a new art. Hence “ Germinie Lacerteux." produced at
one of the .State theatres. L’Odikm, and hissed ! Why ? Because
the art of it is not new. but simply inadequate ; 1 eennse it is
tiresome and incomprehensible; and because the characters
arc nearly all ignoble creatures, fished out of the lowest moral,
or immoral, strata of society. “ Germinie Lacerteux " is simply
a dull and disgusting spectacle. The wonder is how men
and. much more, ladies can listen to the dreadful language
of this piece. But modern France has become singularly
callous on matters of decency of language and thought;
and. perhaps, this change for the worse is due not a little
to the universal experience of obligatory military service,
tbe army being, as we have seen, “a school of coarseness of
language.” .
The manager of the Gaifc6 Theatre has sued the Gil Dias
newspaper for 50,000f. damages for a theatrical echo of a very
harmless nature concerning the unsuccessful piece, “Tartann
sur les Alpes." 1 he case is likely to be amusing; and, naturally,
tbe whole press is against the‘rash manager.—A grand inter¬
national Literary Congress will be held in Paris in 1889. under
the united anspices of the Association Litteraire Internationale
and the Socicte des Gens de Lettres. The latter is a serious
association ; bat the former has hitherto served chiefly as a
pretext for banqueting and for excursions, at reduced tariffs, w
the different capitals of Europe.—Irritated by the puffery wni
General Boulanger organises around his person. President tarn
has been having articles written about himself in thepapen*i
which he announces with comic gravity that he is
ask the Chamber to vote him a large sum of money to boiia
fine ball-room at the Elystfe. President Carnot -
gay.—Tbe workmen who are building the gigantic Eiffel to ^
have again struck, demanding an increase of 5f. a day.
present pay maximum is If. an hour to the cnrjieuterB, JW-
the fitters, and 70c. to the boys. M. Eiffel refuses all
cessions.
DEC. 29, 1888
TEE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
783
I
AUSTRALIAN PROGRESS : MELBOURNE.
The early annals of the Australian Colonies obtained notice in
onr pages three months ago ; and, during the Colonial and
Indian Exhibition of 1887, descriptive articles on New South
Wales, Victoria. South Australia, and Queensland, appeared in
this Jonrnal. Our Special Artist, Mr. Melton Prior, having
travelled by the Canadian Pacific Railway over the American
Continent, and having made the Pacific Ocean voyage from
San Francisco to Sydney, reached Melbourne shortly before
the opening there, in August, 1888, of the Great Exhibition
associated with the Centenary Commemoration Festival of the
foundation of New South Wales, the oldest Australian colony.
His Illustrations of the opening of the Exhibition at Melbourne
by Sir II. B. Loch, the Governor of Victoria, accompanied by the
Governors of all the other British Colonies in Australasia, were
published as soon as we received them ; but we shall now
present a series of Sketches of the two greatest Australian
capital cities, Melbourne and Sydney, and of places in their
neighbourhood, which will have a more than temporary
interest. These subjects demand fresh comment and descrip¬
tion, the statistics of which must be of the most recent date
that can be procured in a collective form ; and we have there¬
fore consulted the “ Australian Hand-Book " for 1888, concerning
various local particulars, which may here be concisely put
together for the information of readers in England (The
“ Australian Hand-book ” is a yearly volume of 548 closely-
printed pages, which is published by Messrs. Gordon and
Gotch, of London, Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane).
VICTORIA.
The colony of Victoria, which was politically separated
from New South Wales in July, 1851, is situated at the south¬
east of the continent of Australia, and lies between the
parallels of 34 deg. and 39 deg. south latitude, and the
meridians of III deg. and 150 deg. east longitude. Its bound¬
aries are—on the north and north-east, the colony of New
South Wales, from which it is separated by the River Murray
and an imaginary line running in a south-easterly direction
from The Springs on Forest Hill to Cape Howe ; on the west
by South Australia—the 141st meridian of east longitude
dividing the two colonies; south and south-east, the Southern
Ocean, Bass's Strait, and the Pacific Ocean. Its extreme
length from east to west is 480 miles, its breadth 240 miles,
and its area 87.884 square miles, or 58,245,760 acres. The
coast-line, broken by several bays and capes, is about 600
geographical miles. It is estimated to be about one thirty-
fourth part of the entire continent, and, comparing it with
Great Britain (excluding the islands in the British seas), it is
about 1800 square miles less in area.
A range of mountains traverses the entire length of the
colony, dividing it into two unequal parts. This range runs in
an eastern and western direction, generally at a distance of
sixty or seventy miles from the seaeoast. It is part of the
Australian Cordillera, and is called the Dividing Range ; all
the Victorian rivers have their sources in this range or in its
spurs, those to the north running towards the Murray, and
those to the south flowing into the sea. Its eastern part,
which divides the Gipps Land district from the Murray, is
known as the Australian Alps. The Murray, the Goulburn,
the Varra-Yarra. and one or two of the Gipps Land streams,
are navigable rivers ; the Murray is a large river, with a course
of 1300 miles, flowing generally westward, 980 miles of its
course being along the northern border of Victoria. The
principal harbours are in Port Phillip Bay, forty miles long,
andahontthe same width at the widest part, area about 800
square miles, the head waters of which are called Hobson's
Bay. and form the port of Melbourne; the south-western
waters of Port Phillip Bay form Corio Bay, on the shores of
which Geelong is located ; other harbours are Portland Bay,
Port Fairy. Western Port, and Port Albert.
The soil and climate of Victoria are most favourable to agri¬
culture. growing wheat, barley, and oats, potatoes, rye, peas,
beans, maize, sorghum, mangold-wurtzel and roots, clover, and
various fodder grasses. Of tobacco, too, a large breadth
has been devoted to cultivation. Among other things which
have been successfully tried arc hemp, flax, hops, chicory, beet,
canary grass ; and, in some localities, olives, oranges, guavas,
black mulberries, and other fruits. The cereals do remarkably
well. The greatest weight recorded of a bushel of wheat is
69 lb. 4 oz.. the average is about til lb.; the average weight of
oats is Id lb., ul barley 51 lb., and of maize 55 lb. As many
as fifty and sixty bushels of wheat, sixty bushels of oats, and
forty-two bushels of barley per acre have been obtained ; but
these returns are unusual. The wines made in the colony have
taken a high place in the estimation of European connoisseurs.
The apple, pear, peach, and nectarine, apricot, almond, goose¬
berry. currant, and fig, and the cabbage, cauliflower, turnip,
carrot, parsnip, asparagus, pea, bean, water-melon, rock-melon,
and tomato may be seen all growing together luxuriantly in
the same plot of ground, while the borders blossom with the
fuchsia, geranium, violet, daisy, and other common flowers of
the English garden.
The mineral wealth of Victoria is great and diversified, but
the wonderfully rapid progress of this colony is mainly due to
its gold. One-third of the entire area of the country is
believed to bo occupied by gold-bearing rocks. The gold
occurs in qnartz and alluvium ; the latter was. of course, the
first worked, surface mining being comparatively easy. This
was, however, quickly exhausted, and Borne of the sinkings are
now carried on at considerable depths. Quartz reefing is now
extensively followed, employing much machinery and a large
amount of capital; and owing to the improvements in obtain¬
ing gold'from the quartz, a yield of a few dwts. to the ton is
found remunerative. The seven mining districts into
which the colony is divided are Ballarat, Beechworth,
Sandhurst, Maryborough, Castlemaine, Ararat, and Gipps
Lund. In the districts of Ballarat, Castlemaine, Mary¬
borough, and Sandhurst there was an increase in the average
yield per ton as compared with the previous year. Some of the
quartz mines are now worked to a depth exceeding 2409 ft.,
and. so far as can be observed, there is little diminution in the
yield of gold. For the past, to the end of 1886, the quantities
and values of the principal metals and minerals raised since
the discovery of the gold-fields were—gold, 54,424,399 oz.,
value £217,697,596 ; silver raised and exported, 255,578 oz.,
valued at £55,865; tin ore raised, smelted, and exported, in
all, £342,459 ; copper ore, copper, and regulus exported, value
£119,530 ; antimony ore raised and exported, value £202,708 ;
lead, 660 tons of ore raised, producing metal of the value of
£5326 ; iron, 5429 tons, value £12,535; coal. 13,153 tons,
valued at £17,506 ; lignite, 8619 tons ; kaolin, slates, flagging,
magnesite, gypsum, mineral earths, and clays.
Although Victoria has not such extensive natnral pastures
as new South Wales and Queensland, stock-raising, the breed¬
ing of sheep, and the production of fine wool, are carried on,
by different methods, with superior skill and care. The stock
returns to March 1. 1887, were—308,553 horses; 1,303,265
cattle, of which number 335,727 were milch-cows ; 10,700,403
sheep ; 240,957 pigs.
All the railways in the colony are the property of the
State. In the year ending June 30, 1887, there were 1880
milesof line open, and 521} miles in course of construction.
The total cost of the lines was £26,171,609, being an average
of £13,921 per mile for the 1880 miles open. The net revenue
paid on the capital cost was 3 92 per cent. Melbourne has
railway communication with all the up-country towns, and
with Adelaide and Sydney.
Very many things are now manufactured in the colony,
aided by the heavy Protective tariff. The number of manufac¬
tories, large and small, of all kinds, is 5783, employing 16,663-
horse power and 51,469 hands, the value of premises and plant
being £8,939,641. Among the exports during 1886 were—gold,
inclusive of specie. £1.947.703; leather, £269.399; tallow,
£121.900; wool, 107,984.8391b., valued at £4.999.662; grain,
£180.547 ; apparel and slops, £218,012; live stock, £394,475.
The total value of the products of the colony, comprising gold,
wool, tallow, hides, breadstuffs, minerals, bark, and timber,
manufactures, Ac., exported in 1886 was £11,795,321. The
value per head of the population was £11 19s. The total of
yearly exports varies between twelve and sixteen millions
sterling.
The Government revenue is about six millions and a half,
the public debt of the Colony is about thirty millions, of which
above twenty-five millions are represented by the railways.
Victoria is under the control of a Governor appointed by the
British Government, whose term of office is seven years, and
of an Executive Council, and two Houses of Legislature. The
Executive consists of the Governor of the Colony, and the
Ministry for the time being. The Legislative Council is
elected on a property franchise. The Legislative Assembly
consists of eighty-six members, representing fifty-five electoral
districts, containing, according to the latest return, 224,378
electors. It is triennial in its duration. Members are paid
£300 per annnm for their expenses. The qualifications of a
voter are so easy that the system may be considered one of
universal suffrage.
Victoria is divided into thirty-seven counties, and there are
for the purposes of local self-government fifty-nine cities,
towns, or boroughs, and 125 shires with municipal bodies. In
1886 the value of the rateable property in the cities, towns,
and boroughs was £53,9115,592 ; annual value, £4,824,911 ;
revenue, £615,612. In the shires the value of rateable
property was £71,973,156; annual valne, £4,796,224 ; revenue,
£615,125. From 1875 to 1885 upwards of 3$ millions sterling
had been paid out of the State funds to the various local
bodies. The estimated population of Melbourne and suburbs
at the latest date was 395,000, inclusive of South Melbourne
City, 37,000 ; Prahran City, 32,606 ; Richmond City, 31,286;
Fitzroy City, 30,295; and Collingwood City, 28,800. The
populations of the four principal extra-metropolitan towns in
1886 were as follows Ballarat, 41,110; Sandhurst, 36,570 :
Geelong. 20.890 ; and Castlemaine, 9400. The estimated popu¬
lation of the colony on .Tune 30, 1887, was 1,019,106 — viz.,
540,954 males, and 478,152 females. The number of the
aboriginal race does not exceed eight hundred.
MELBOURNE.
The city of Melbourne—the greatest city outside the United
Kingdom within the British Empire, having a population of
nearly 400 , 000 . urban and suburban, within a ten-mile radins—
is the metropolis of Victoria. Its central site, on the north
bank of the Yarra-Yarra. two or three miles from the sea or
Hobson's Bay, was in 1836 known as “ Beargrass ” ; and a few
turf or plank huts were then standing, while native “ black-
fellows," sheltering themselves at night with a screen made of
bark, hung around the humble European settlement, which
in half a century has grown to stateliness and wealth equalling
the largest provincial towns in Great Britain. Its public
buildings, mostly constructed of an imperishable blue stone,
excel those of any other city of the same size in any part of
the world, although some of them—the Parliament Houses,
for example—are yet unfinished. The construction of the
west front and dome of the Parliament Houses is now going on.
The most noteworthy edifices are the Treasury ; the Houses of
Parliament (with a library of 35,000 volumes) ; the new Law
Courts, in the Italian style, built of brick, faced with sand¬
stone, which were nine years in erection, and have cost over
£250,000, occupying a frontage to four streets of 300 ft. ; the
Free Library, containing over 110,000 volumes ; the Post-Office;
the building till lately used as Government printing-office ; an
immense edifice at the back of the Treasury for the Land,
Mining, and other Departments; the Customs House, having a
fine frontage to Queen's Wharf, and being near the spot where
Mr. John P. Fawkner moored the little craft that was the
pioneer of the fleets of merchantmen that have thronged the
waters of Hobson's Bay ; the Mint: the University, with the
admirable Musenm and'the Wilson Hall, a magnificent building
in the Perpendicular Gothic style of architecture, having a
length of 140 ft., a breadth of 47 ft., and height of 47 ft. at
walls to 84 ft. at the apex of the roof; the new Townhall,
having a spacious room capable of seating 4000 persons, with
one of the finest organs in the world ; the various places of
worship; St. Patrick's Cathedral (Roman Catholic), which
has for many years been in course of erection; the
insurance offices ; the Exchange—a handsome building at
the rear of the Old Hall of Commerce, with a fine hall; the
theatres and the new Victoria Hall in Bourke-street, and many
large and handsomely-built hotels. Conspicuous from every
part of the city is Government House, a palatial building, with
a square tower 145 ft. high, from whose summit a magnificent
panorama of land and sea is obtainable, and in which the
representative of Royalty is fittingly lodged. A cathedral for
the' Church of England, now in epurse of erection from the
designs of Mr. Butterfield, is at the corner of Swanston and
Flinders streets. Its extreme external length will be 273 ft.,
width 126 ft., central tower 156 ft. high, with lofty spire ; it
will afford accommodation for 1700 persons. Among the bank¬
ing premises ore the Bank of Australasia, a massive building
of the Doric order; the London Chartered Bank, in the Gneco-
Italian style; the Bank of Victoria; the Bank of New Zealand ;
the Colonial Bank, and the English, Scottish, and Australian
Chartered Bank, in the Gothic style.
The port of Melbourne is at Sandridge (now called Port
Melbourne), a township 2J miles distant, situated on Hobson's
Bay, and connected with the metropolis by road and railway.
Port Melbourne has two large and commodions piers, jutting
out a long way into the bay, affording accommodation for a
large fleet, and allowing vessels of almost any tonnage to berth
alongside. Hobson's Bay has accommodation for 800 vessels ;
it varies in depth from three to five fathoms, and has good
anchorage, the bottom of stiff clay and mud. There is access
for Bteamers and vessels of considerable size to the very heart
of the city by means of the river Yarra-Yarra, which is navig¬
able to Melbourne. A dyke of basaltic rock, known as the
Falls, has been blasted away, and the river is now uninter¬
rupted and is tidal to Richmond. Immediately below the
Falls are the Queen's, Cole’s, and Australian wharves, extending
for abont a mile along the north bank of the river, and used
almost solely by intercolonial trading vessels and steamers,
and, the Australian wharf especially, by colliers. A dry dock
is here, which will admit of ships of 1100 tons being taken in,
and a wet dock of large area is proposed, to which the railway
from Spencer-street would be connected. On the opposite
bank of the river are ship-repairing yards, foundries, and many
other manufactories, also a stone wharf, built at great cost,
alongside which large vessels can be accommodated, and having
a very large steam-crane, capable of lifting up to fifty tons
from the ships that berth there. Between this and the
Queen’s wharf opposite is the Pool, an expansion of the river,
where the largest vessels using this navigation can turn with
ease. At present vessels drawing 10 ft. can get to the
Melbourne wharves at ordinary tides, and 18 ft. at high tides,
and this depth will bo increased. Since 1877 the water has
been deepened 3 ft., and the minimum depth at low water is
now 14 ft. 6 in. at spring tides. A canal to Sandridge has
been under consideration, but Sir John Coode has submitted
plans for the improvement of the Yarra, which have partially
been acted upon—a great advantage to all vessels coming up to
Melbourne.
The city is plentifully supplied with omnibuses, similar to
those in use in New York, cars, cabs, waggonettes, and other
facilities for suburban and street conveyance, which run at
cheap fares. Cable tramways now traverse several of the
leading streets, and others are in course of construction.
There are three railway stations—one in Spencer-street, being
the terminus of the up-country lines ; the second in Flinders-
street, from which the suburban trains to Port Melbourne,
Sonth Melbourne, St. Kilda, Brighton, and other places run ;
and the third at Prince's Bridge, the starting point of the
trainB to Hawthorn, Camberwell, and Gipps Land. The principal
streets in Melbourne proper are one mile in length, 99 ft. in
width, and run at right angles to each other; they are inter¬
sected by smaller streets which bear the name of the larger
streets with the prefix of “ Little.” TheBe leading thorough¬
fares are named, respectively, after Australian notabilities—
Flinders, Collins, Bourke, Lonsdale, and I. at robe, running
nearly east and west; and cross streets called Spencer, King,
William, Queen, Elizabeth, Swanston, Russell, Exhibition,
and Spring street. Elizabeth - street, in the valley of the
two principal hills on which the city is situated, divides
East Melbourne from West Melbourne. The adjacent suburbs,
North Melbourne, Collingwood, Fitzroy, Carlton, Brunswick,
South Melbourne, Prahran, and Richmond, present fine streets
and roads, good private houses and shops. Prince's Bridge,
lately reconstructed of iron, from the designs of Messrs. Jenkins
and G ranger, crosses the river by three spans of 100 ft.; and
there are many other bridges. Melbourne has its public parks
and gardens : the Royal Park, with a good zoological collec¬
tion ; the Botanical Gardens, on the south side of the Yarra ;
the beautiful Fitzroy Gardens, laid out with great taste and skill,
containing a pleasing variety of trees and flowers; the Studley
Park; theFawkner Park; the Richmond Park, with the gardens
of the Horticultural Society; the Treasury and Flagstaff Gardens.
The central portion of the Carlton Gardens, about 20 acres, was
utilised for the purposes of the International Exhibition.
The buildings, which cost altogether some £250,000, covered
an area of 5J acres of ground. Themain building is cruciform,
and consists of a nave, 500 ft. long, running from east to
west, and cut through its centre by a transept 270 ft, deep, the
ends of which are north and south ; at the south end is the
chief portal, a tall arch 40ft. wide and 60 It high, reached by
a flight of broad stone ster 8 - On each side are square towers
105 ft. high. Some 50 ft. behind the portico, and at the point
where the transept intersects the nave, rises the dome,
octagonal in form, and reaching the height of 223 ft. some
130 ft. above the main roof. At its base the central tower is
100 ft. square. In addition to the main building were annexes
covering nearly 15 acres of ground, with centre avenues the
whole length. These annexes have since been removed.
Among the places of recreation and amusement may be men¬
tioned the New Picture and Statuary Gallery, at the rear of
the Public Library. The Melbourne Observatory, on the south
side of the river Yarra, is provided with appliances of the first
order, and the telescope ranks amongst the largest now in use.
The Melbourne Racecourse, with a handsome grand-stand,
situated at Flemington, and the Melbourne Cricket-ground, in
the Richmond Reserve, also possessing an elegant and roomy
stand and a fine brick pavilion with flat roof, are nowhere
surpassed. The Racecourse on Cup and other principal race-
days is thronged by a concourse of people rivalling that on the
Epsom Downs ; and the Melbourne Cricket-ground during
Intercolonial and All-England matches presents a sight hardly
to be seen elsewhere, upwards of 12,090 persons having.been
known to be present. The inhabitants of Melbourne arc
well provided with means of entertainment; there are five
theatres, and the Victoria Hall for concerts of good music ;
while for social intercourse there are the Melbourne Club and
the Athenmum Club ; and the Mechanics' Institute, now called
the Athenajum, has a good library and lecture-hall. The
Eastern Market, rebuilt at a cost of £77,000, iB lighted at
night by electricity ; there are Beveral other markets. The
city is everywhere well paved and lighted, and is supplied with
good water’from the Yan-Yean reservoir; but the supply will
he increased by 25,000,000 gallons on the completion of the
Watts River Aqueduct. Gas is supplied by the Metropolitan
Gas Company, an amalgamation of three former companies.
The city and suburban police-Btations, the Government offices,
and the offices of numerous private firms have communication
by telephone. The shops, warehouses, and other commercial
establishments, by their handsome exterior, bear witness to
the activity of profitable trade. No deficiency or inferiority
will be observed by the newly-arrived emigrant who has been
accustomed to Liverpool or Glasgow ; except in three par¬
ticulars—the cabs are bad; the carriage roadway, off the
principal thoroughfares, is often badly out of repair; and
many of the roads are rendered disagreeable by open sewers.
These faults ought soon to be amended.
Onr Special Artist’s Sketches comprise street views, of
which more are to be given ; the Pool, with its shipping, in a
view looking north-east; Government House, sketched by
him from a new point of view ; Prince’s Bridge, recently
opened; the imitation of an encampment of aboriginal
savages, in the Zoological Gardens; a free dinner given by
public charity to the city poor, during the festivities of the
Australian Centenary Commemoration; and a great sale of
lands by auction. Town building land in Melbourne often
realises enormous prices ; in one case £5 a square foot was
paid for a street frontage, and the purchaser re-sold it for
£9 15s. a foot. These sales cause wild excitement among the
speculators at Melbourne.
The Goldsmiths' Company have contributed £25 towards
the funds of the Thames Church Mission.
In “Whitaker's Almanack” for 1889 many useful addi¬
tions have been made: among them a return of the com¬
missions given to men (615 in number) who have risen
from the ranks since the abolition of purchase in the Army ;
papers on educational progress; the new Local Government
Act; marks on poroelain ; uniform, badges, and rates of pay
of all ranks and departments in the Army ; a complete list of
the recipients of the Victoria Cross since its institution ; a
handy glossary of astronomical terms and facts; and a mis¬
cellaneous variety of shorter articles, tables, and abstracts. To
the man of business “ Whitaker" is indispensable.
THE ILLTJ 8TKATED LONDON NEWS, Due. 29,
BY OUR SPECIAL ARTIST, MR. MELTON PRIOR.
sssse
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, Dec. 29, 1888.
SKETCHES IN MELBOURNE, THE CAPITAL OF VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
BY OUR SPECIAL ARTIST, MR. MELTON PRIOR.
To the Exhibition from Flinders-street Railway Statto
Scene in the Exhibition.
1. The Pool, from the Fe
2. Little Flinders-street-
78(5
TEE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 29, If
THE ISLE OF MERKEN.
It was a still, liot day in August when we wound through the
canals of Amsterdam in a little steam-launch, whose stoked-
up fires and throbbing, malodorous engines mado the heat of
the breczeless day still more intense. Wo passed out into the
V, and through tho great sea-lock, into the Znidcr Zee,
which stretched before ns calm and desolate. At last, on tho
dim horizon, at some distance from the long, low shore on our
left, three blocks, like ghostly haystacks, rose through the thin
blue mist, and then gradually a strip of land uniting them
appeared above the sea. shaping iteclf, as we approached, into an
island covered with clusters of houses. It was the Isle of
Merkcn. hidden away in a great curve of the Southern Sea, a
land where the years bring no change as they roll by.
Suddenly, four hours after leaving the Arnstel Quay, wo
turned sharp to the right, and ran into the little harbour of
Merken, among the fishing smacks that lay sheltered along¬
side the staked and stone-bound dykes that formed the tiny
port. We climbed ashore up a narrow ladder-like flight of
steps in the cobbles of the sea-wall, which is raised several
feet above the level of the island. The inhabitants stood and
gazed at ns, tho men with their hands in their pockets, the
women with their hands on their hips, and the children with
their hands folded behind their backs. They looked at ua
calmlv and placidly, with no hint of rudeness in their gaze ;
but with an air of tolerant criticism, as though we had been
creaturesof another planet, in whose existence they acquiesced,
but in whom they took no more than a passing interest.
The Isle of Merken is nothing but a collection of sand-
mounds rising from a low flat land hardly above the level of
the sea. It is protected by stone and wattled dykes, and inter¬
sected by narrow canals about four feet wide, along which
miniature barges or punts thread their way. These canals are
crossed by single plank bridges pivoting on a huge nail, and
having a heavy block of wood on the short arm, so that they
can be swung back to allow the little barges to pass by. There
are three mounds or hillocks, each one covered with its group
of houses, which dispute for precedence among themselves.
The central point of the first mound is the church and the
pastor's house ; of the second, the light-house; and of the third,
the cemetery. All the buildings, except the pastor's house and
the church, are of wood, clinker-built, tarred or painted black,
and with tiled roofs. None of them can boast any great
antiquity, for in the stormy history of the Netherlands
Merken has frequently been taken and pillaged.
The men are burly, thick-set fellows, with the huge baggy
breeches of the traditional Dutchman. These breeches and
the gaiters which join them are made of dark-blue serge, very
thick and strong, and the jersey is made of the same material.
Sometimes on shore the men wear a blonse over all. On their
heads they carry commonplace straw hats of the ordinary
English shape, or close-fitting dark-bine caps with peaks, and
on their feet sabots of surpassing size and thickness. The
women have slight distinctions of dress for all ages, the
costumes of young girl, betrothed maiden, wife, and widow
all being different in some small particular. As a general
thing they wear a heavy skirt of dark-blue serge bound with
red or black, puffed out with many petticoats beneath, full at
the waist and gathered in. Their long aprons and bodices,
which are laced up behind, are of gay chintz, and their stock¬
ings are of knitted wool. On their heads they wear a close
white cap, often covered with a many-coloured handkerchief,
under which peeps out their pale golden hair cut in a fringe
over the forehead. The unmarried girls also wear a long curl
on each side of the face, hanging down against each check and
on the shoulder, and all the women wear a couple of gold wire
pins to keep their hair together behind. The children, both
girls and boys, are dressed in exactly the same fashion until
the age of eight. To a stranger all the solemn-faced, petti-
coated little creatures seem girls; there are apparently no
small boys on the island at all. The children are dressed in a
brilliantly-striped cotton shirt, with a dark blue, knitted
jersey underneath. Like the women, they wear a bodice of
gay chintz laced up behind, a full skirt of dark-blue serge,
woollen stockings, aud sabots. They, too, have a fringe and
two long, fair curls coming out from under a close bonnet of
chintz, and all are so exactly alike that it is impossible, at first
sight, to tell boys from girls. However, the boys are dis¬
tinguished by having two gold or silver buttons at the throat,
fastening their cap-strings, or by a patch of embroidery on the
crown of the bonnet. These gold and silver buttons are heir¬
looms in the families, and arc handed down from father to son
through the generations, and some of them are remarkable for
their quaint, antique shapes and patterns.
The houses shown to the visitor are suspiciously like show
houses, only one or two being open to inspection, and
those full of curiosities and beyond measure tidy. The
house or cabin to which visitors are always taken boasts a
splendid collection of oaken chests with brass hinges, carved
cabinets, armoires. amd sideboards, tall clocks, pots and pans of
ancient crockery, cups and bowls of finer ware, brass candle¬
sticks and lanterns, and against the wall an imposing
warming-pan, also of brass. Two-thirds of one side of the
room were occupied by a vast recess containing a wide open fire¬
place largo enough to do the cooking for a regiment; the
other third of the side being a niche in which was the owner's
bed, piled up with bedding and blankets almost to the ceiling,
and surmounted by a coupte of bulky pillows, all after the
approved Continental style for a bed in a cupboard. The
room was a veritable collection of odds and ends of ancient
Merken hric-i-brac ; but the general effect was spoiled by the
introduction of a couple of common cheap petroleum-lamps,
with clumsy glass reservoirs and flimsy metal fittings, beside
which even the grotesque photographs of relatives dotted
about the walls had an air of antiqnity and fitness. As for
the widow and her pretty daughters, they were perfectly in
harmony with their surroundings, their old-world dresses being
most natural and becoming beneath the low rafters of that
quaint old wooden house.
But the afternoon was wearing away, and we had to get
back to Amsterdam : so we wound along the narrow paths by
the side of the tiny canals, and returned to our launch in tho
little harbour. A very short run took us across to Monnick-
endara on the mainland, where we entered the canal, and,
passing the thick wood round the church, steamed down a
broad, straight stretch of water nearly level with the sur¬
rounding countrv. On our left were wide, green meadows,
dotted over with haymakers in long jack-boots reaching above
the knee. Here and there were villages and farm-houses, and on
the edge of the Zuider Zee. which si retched a thin blue line in
tho far distance, rose the tower of a church. On the right was a
thick fringe of reeds, a road, a double line of trees, a ditch,
and, beyond, the broad green plain, with cows, windmills, and
farm-houses, to give a semblance of life to the monotonyof the
landscape. We visited Brock the clean, the beloved of tonrists.
and, passing through more flat country, and under bridges and
through locks, where toll was demanded in a sahot dangling at
the end of a long cord tied to a stick, we struck the Ship
Canal and joined tho crowd of vessels slowly making their
way towards the busy city whose towers stood ont against the
cloudless sky on the other side of the Y. J. IV. P.
CHESS.
D n R (SI. Amtel!'.—Your am and thir.l Ikowbts
Black cannot play 11 j."j/io 'k Vi's! iVc^Ti*. rlf* K t.
Now hit o taken the jronbla
M Jackwim (Wrlton).—Shill iw examined *n«l reported upot
A Nkwmak.—T banka; we hope the norcllie* may hare a
o publication standard. The play lac
threismove problem. There Is r
Tobletn is scarcely up ti
* not satisfied with I
V Pysra.—Your prohl
1.0 tame a hat one of thi -»-
position, eatlraly disappears.
W. P*aaoxa.-If, in your position, Black play 1. Kt to Q 3rd, h-»w docs mate follow
•.< In ensarawacs of the holtilsrs, several *nswers to corro»l»n<ient« ■>“»!
stand over for another week.
rounK, T soi i*Tio\a or Pnom.** No. *324 received from OMB (Cape of Go*i
Hopei. of No. 23=5 from G B Hcwett (Middle f'olaba) and O M
O B Hewelt ; of No. =3=7 from G B Hewett and J Brake (Natal); of No. 2S
i iiwninn and J Bindley; of N...--
ni, EG Boys, H Burley, J Hepwortb Shaw,and
It Raillciu, Mr*
K Louden. R H Brook*,
''tvYolrewrtglit','RhsdfnrtTn liikwnrui'w.rd' aTJ CosdTA Nkwronlnfi V N Hsnk.,
R Phillips, K c’.srlls (Psrisl. I, lh-ssns-s. R wniter. iCralsrhnn). Dr Isw
Raillei*^Bernard Reynold*.* Geo Saint, jun. J T W.J D Tucker (Leeds). Wrcy
£wen, W Wright, Fercival, and M Sharp.
Solution of Problem No. 2330.
WHITE. BLACK.
1. Q to K 4th Any movo
8. Mates accordingly._
PROBLEM NO. 2334.
By B. G. Laws.
BLACK.
BLINDFOLD CHESS.
Game played by Mr. Blvckburxe during hi* recent visit to the Midlands.
(Kintfa Bishop Gambit.)
WHITE BLACK
(Mr. Blackburnc). (Mr. Eirgcr).
The conuiu'nceincnt of a stroiiK attack.
U. Kt to K 4th
15. P takes P P takes P
16. B to It 6th (ch) K to Kt sq
17. B takes Kt B P Likes B
18. y to B 4th Q to y B 2nd
19. Kt to K Kt 5th
1. P to K 4th
2. I' U» K B 4th
3. B to B 4th r t
A novelty of doubtful
UK* justified, however,
well-worn game fur
_ . K 4th
P take* P
P to K Kt 4th
' oppom
4. P to K R 4th
5. P to Q 4th
6. Kt to Q B 3rd
7. Q takes P
8. y to K 2nd
9. Kt to B 3rd
10. B takes P
The opening
to Kt 5th
to K 2nd
y B 3rd
to K K 4th
..imed ii
ened B to K 3rd (oh
19.
20. R to Q 3rd
21. Kt to R 4th
22. Q Likes B
23. K U> Q Kt 3ril
e for Black threat-
and I) to K Mil, Ac.
B to R 3rd
R to Q B sq
B take* B
K to H *q
R to Kt sq
a Pawr
”i'li i
24. R Likes K (eh) K takes R
very v
usual in the
10. B to Kt 5th
11. Castles (QR) Kt toy 2nd
12. B to K Kt 5th P to B 3rd
B to B 3rd, exchanging Bishop* and
bringing another piece into play, i«
preferable.
13. B to R 4th
14. P to Q 5th
Castles
25. R to B Mj
26. H to B 3rd
27. K to y wj
28. P takes B
29. R to y B 3rd
An error that los
o far played '
o K 2nd
K to Esq
B takes Kt
Kt to Kt 3rd
K to Q B sq
. Black hi
deserved the draw that i
imed i
This being Christmas week, when anything serious Is not to be thought of.
we present n slight addition to the good cheer of the season in the shape
of a dish of chess nuts
By A. Newman.— White K at K Kt 7th, R at Q B sq, B at K Kt 3rd,
Kt at y R 7th.
Black: K at Q B 2nd, Q at Q B 6th, R s at Q sq and Q Kt 2nd, B's at Q
2nd and y R Bth, Knights at y Kt 3rd and K K 2nd.
_.is nt Q B 6th and Q Kt 7th.
Black: KatyR 2nd, Kt at y R sq.
White to play, and, by a literal interpretation of law, to mate In two move*.
Tho following end games In actual play are selected from Adolf Rocgnor's
recently published collection
White (WINAWER) : K at Q B so, Q at K 4th, B at Q B 2nd, R at Q sq ;
Pawns at Q H 3rd. y 5th. K B 2nd. K Kt 3rd. and K R 5th.
Black ( Black hckne j : K at K Kt wkQ at K 7th, R at Q Ktsq. Bat
y B 6th; Pawn* at y 3rd. Q B 2nd, y R 3rd, K B 2ml, K Kt 2ml, and
K It 2nd. Black to play and win.
White (Zi’KERTORT): K at K Kt 2nd. Q at Q Kt 3rd, Kt at Q 5ih ;
Pawns at y B 7th, K B 3rd, K Kt 3rd, ami K R 2nd.
Black (Engliscu) : K at K sq.y at Q B 3rd, Kt at K 3rd ; Pawns at
K B 3rd, K Kt 2nd, K R 3rd. and Q R gml.
White to play and win.
From the current nnmbcrof Mr. Stolnltx's International Chest Maaazinc: -
By J. W. Abbott.- White: K at K R 4th, y at y R 4th, It at K B 4th,
B nt y 3rd, Kt at K B 2nd.
Black: K at K 4th, P at Q 4th.
White to piny and mate In three move*.
SUBSCRIPTION TO THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS,
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Ingram Brothers, of 198, Strand, London.
ILLUSTRATED GIFT-BOOKS.
Otto of the Sitter Ilani. Written and Illustrated by Howard
Pyle (Sampson Low and Co.).—The iron-handed German
Barons and Knights of the Middle Ages have figured in many
romantic tales ; and the “ castled crags ” overlooking the
Rhine and other rivers are supposed to have witnessed a good
deal of lawless violence, rapacity, and cruelty. Little Baron
Otto of Dracbenhnusen, whose gentle lady mother, when she
gave birth to him, died of the shock that she snffered in seeing
her fierce lord brought home sorely wounded from a fight with
the neighbouring burghers, has been educated by the monks,
and is an angel of charity and piety. He is captured by his
father's enemy, the Baron Henry of Trutz-Pracben. who cuts
off the child's right hand. The story, which goes on to
relate his deliverance from the enemy's castle by One-eyed
Hans, the battle that ensued, and the intervention of the
Emperor Rndolph. is sufficiently interesting, and is well told
by Mr. Howard Pyle, whose drawings, engraved in the twenty-
five Illustrations, have also much force of conception and ex-
pression. Otto, who has to wear a silver hand, becomes a page
at the Emperor's Court.
That Boy Jack: A Story for Young Folk. By Helen H,
Rogers, Author of “An Old-World Story” (J. Hogg).—This
bright and wholesome little history of the childhood of a
young gentleman who became a worthy officer of the British
naval service is evidently written hy a lady who knows what
• boys are, and how to make them what boys and men should
be. She must also be acquainted with the domestic life of
families belonging to the superior class of civilian officials
resident at her Majesty’s Dockyards ; and if the character
of the kind old Admiral is a portrait from life, we hope
that no reform of the Admiralty will ever shut ont the
practice of snch engaging virtues. How Jack Fenshawe,
a bit of a scapegrace, in the tenth year of his age,
inspired by an old sailor's yarns with a wish to go to sea,
became a favourite with the Admiral by his exhibition of
frankness and straightforwardness, in going to apologise for a
fault, and was then taken with his sister Agnes on board the
yacht for a day’s pleasure ; how bo was sent to a private
school in France, quarrelled with the French boys who
derided England, ran away, lost his money, and was rescued
from distress by meeting the Admiral at Cherbourg ; and how,
when his schooling was done, he entered the Royal Navy as a
midshipman, with a noble career before him, let Miss Rogers
tell the reader in her own pleasant way. The engravings,
drawn by A. Hitchcock, are not bad illustrations of the tale.
Adventures of Iler Serene Highness the Moon-faced Princess.
By F. St. J. Orlebar (R. Bentley and Son).—The Princess,
whose plnmp, round visage, with eyes of ineffable tenderness,
looks forth in many of the illustrations in this amusing book,
was born to the Mikado's Imperial family in Japan, hut of an
English mother, and in dne time she came to England, where
some thought her Serene Highness a dear soft little idiot,
while others admired the bland suavity of her temper;
but her grandmother and great-grandmother were quite
delighted.
Brare Deeds. Collected and illustrated by Lientenant-
Colonel T. Marshman (Griffith, Farran, and Co.).—Colonel
Marshman, who dedicates these historical anecdotes and pictures
of military gallantry to his old comrades of the late 2Sth, now
the 1st Battalion of the Gloucestershire Regiment, has ex¬
tracted brief authentic records from hooks of undeniable credit,
and with a skilful pencil has delineated more than a dozen
notable scenes on the field of battle, from the wars of Marl¬
borough, the Peninsula and Waterloo, to the Alma and
Balaclava.
nurse's Memories. By Charlotte M. Yonge (Eyre and
Spottiswoodc). — Miss Yonge's high literary reputation,
especially as an engaging and instructive writer for girls, is a
sufficient credential sign to recommend these chapters, which
are illustrated hy Frederick Marriott and Florence Maplestonc
with very suitable drawings.
Young Maids and Old China. Verses by F. W. Bourdillon ;
pictures by J. G. Sower by (Marcus Ward and Co.),—Every
page is adorned with one or more specimens of pretty blue
china-ware, besides the coloured pictures of incidents in the
life of girlhood, and the comments in passable poetry.
The Origin of Plum-Pudding , and other Fairy Tales. By
Frank Hudson (Ward and Downey).—Mr. Hudson's stories,
including his account of Father Christmas showing the fairies
how to make plum-pudding for Tim Blink and his dame.
“ Shaun Murray's Challenge," “ The Fairy of Fashion," and
“The Fairy from France,” as well as hisburletta, “ Othello the
Second,” which is not a tragedy, will be found amusing. The
illustrations are by Gordon Browne.
The Children of the Wee*. By William Theodore Peters
(G. Rootledge). —These are American children, dwelling
either in Philadelphia, as we suppose, or in New York ; one of
them is called Alexander Selkirk, jun., and the other is Char¬
lotte. They are visited by a Red Indian, who is on speaking
terms with all the Days of the Week, and who repeats the tale
which each Day has told him. Mr. Clinton Peters, a clever
artist, furnishes the illustrations.
We may also notice, with decided approbation, the new
volume of illustrated descriptive and historical geography
issued bv the Religions Tract Society, which is Irish Pictures,
drawn with Pen and Pencil , by Mr. Richard Lovett; and Messrs.
G. Philip and Son's Pictures of Nat ice Life in Distant Lauds
translated from the German of Professor A. Kircboff,
twelve coloured plates designed by H. Leutemann. and printed
at Fiirth by G. Ldwensohn. In Flora's Feast (Cassell ana to.,
Limited) the designs by Walter Crane, mingling grarerui
human forms with those of plants and flowers, are ofartistic
quality. Sparks from the Yule-Log. by W. G. thureter,
(Elliot Stock) including a short tale called “It,' by Mr. Jim r
Haggard, is proper Christmas fare. The Bride-street publishc ,
Mr. E. Nister, has further produced two illustrated books,
entitled There Was Ouce (old fairy-tales in prose), and ■>«*
All ht Young, pieces of verse addressed to children, w
beautiful coloured engravings, printed at Nuremberg in
most perfect style ; and Fair Flower* from the *<*** oaru ,
comprised in a few small pages. Switzerland, %U Mouu .
Lakes, and Valleys (J. S. Virtue and Co.) is a new and reviwa
edition of a descriptive book, with 250 wood-engravings, oj
the aid of which one may share the pleasures of the w
while staying at home. In. the Sunny South (Walter *-
and Innes, publishers) is another story of children acoompiiy-
ing their parents in foreign travels, as far as the neighho
of Cannes; the illustrations are by Mr. T. Pym. th .
charming little figures and groups of the small P*°P /
everybody loves. The Religious Tract Society, _ e
greatest publishers of cheap and good popular hteratt »
this year also issued Mr. Harpers Walks in Fairshne i u
trated with twenty-four superb photogravnres. tjj .
dc luxe , limited to a hundred copies, and published * ■ ^
only twenty copies remain, and more than six hundijea i
of the ordinary edition, at 25s.. have been sold. J ■ . ■ ng
may be pronounced one of the most artistic proa
of the present season, and no choicer Christmas gift
desired.
DEC. 29, 1888
787
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
GREAT MEN’S FATHERS.
From the recently-published Diary of the late German
Emperor Frederick readers will probably draw various con¬
clusions, more or less capable of dispute ; but there is one
which I think nobody will care to impugn—namely, that he
was a much greater man than his father. Circumstance—that
mysterious power which bulks so largely in the lives of all of
ns—so ordered it that the Emperor William, though endowed
with no more than average intelligence, and saved from
mediocrity only by his iron strength of will and rigid
adherence to his idea of kingship, should be placed in a
position which made him seem quite an heroic figure. And,
indeed, when set against such a background as two successful
wars and the expansion of a small kingdom into a great
empire, no one could look other than colossal. Agamemnon.
Achilles, Priam, and the rest would be but ordinary mortals if
the flames of burning Troy did not throw upon them a lnrid
light, and the companionship of deities elevate and dignify
them. In the capacity for rule, in the statesmanship which
moulds and shapes events so as to realise a lofty purpose, in
self-repression and self-sacrifice and silent fortitude—the three
qualities which differentiate a hero from his valet—in a word,
in all the higher virtues, the son soared away above the father
as if the two were not of the same blood. I wonder whether
the grim old soldier fathomed ever so little the fine, sweet, and
yet lofty character of his son ; attained to any conception
of the chivalrous magnanimity and calm wisdom which were
stored up in that noble nature ; was aware that he had begotten
a paladin—a peerless prince 1 One cannot help doubting it
because the lesser minds can never correctly appraise the
higher, and there can be no true srmpatby where motives
aims, and impulses are radically unlike. One may even suspect
that the parental affection was marred by a slight strain of
jealousy. And, after all, it is unquestionably mortifying—ns
James I. experienced in relation to his son, Prince Henry—to
discover that you have brought into the world a rival a
successful competitor with yourself, and that it is vour own
son who holds up the mirror to reflect his father's littleness of
stature. Conceive the impatience of the best of men when they
find themselves measured by a standard of their own making,
and that a standard which overtops them by several inches! So
long as an Amnrath an Amnrath succeeds, all goes well: but
when a Solyman the Magnificent interrupts the succession of
mediocrities, and puts his father to the blush, there's the
dickens to pay ! It takes a great deal of generosity for a man
to be comfortable in such a position, and a great deal more for
him actually to enjoy, and be proud of, his self-made deprecia-
tion. To be known as Mr. William Shakspeare's or Mr. John
Milton s father—I suppose there are men who would rejoice in
the distinction, and, perhaps, with good reason. On the whole
I take it to be a fortunate thing that so few fathers are exposed
to this sort of trial. W e have no right to ask too much of poor
humanity ; and it is just as well—is it not.’—that most of us
should be tolerably confident that wearenet Great Men s Fathers.
Yet such an honour, or such a burden, whichever you like
to call it, might happen at any moment to any man. How
little could Gabrini, the small inn-keeper in the Roman
Ghetto, have expected to become the father of the stately
Tribune. Cola di Rienzi.’ or that •* honest, poor man of
Ipswich"—grazier or butcher, which was he.’ —to have
introduced into English history such a magnificent personage
as Holsev. the Cardinal f When the Arras advocate suddenly
disappeared from the sight of his family and clients, little
did he think that the two-year old son he left behind him
would one day terrorise France under the name of Maximilian
Robespierre. It would seem, from an anecdote that has come
down to us. that Madame Buonaparte anticipated the future
greatness of Napoleon —which is probably true, as most
mothers indulge in sanguine dreams of the ultimate prosperity
of their offspring ; but it is certain that no such splendid vision
dazzled the eyes of his father, the honest and patriotic lawyer
of Ajaccio (a much more respectable character, by-the-way, than
his famous son ever became). The small Scotch farmer who
laboriously tilled the ungrateful soil of Mount Oliphant. never
dreamed, we may be sure, that his son Robbie would write the
name of Burns among the immortals. He died, however,
before the poet made his reputation, and therefore suffered no
inconvenience from it. Hut, I am sure that Sir Timothy
Shelley bitterly disliked the kind of renown which accrued to
him as the father of the author of ’• Queen Mab ” and •• The
Revolt of Islam.” No doubt it was a mystery to him to his
dying day how he should have committed the mistake—he, the
rigidly conservative and prosaic Sussex squire—of giving to
tin* world a social revolutionist, a political destructive, and a
brilliant poet in the person of his son and heir. And Martin
Luther, the Reformer—what a surprise it would have been to
his father, on that Eve of .St. Martin, when, to the industrious
miner a son was unexpectedly born at Eisleben, if the book of
the Future had suddenly unfolded its leaves and shown him
that son boldly riding towards Worms to vindicate the truth
before the Diet of the German princes—“ resolved to enter
norms in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, although as
many devils should set at him as there were tiles on the house¬
tops '! Probably, honest John Luther would have wished that
his wife hail brought no such wonderful and perplexing man-
child into the world.
It is not to be disputed that there are instances on record
which point in a different direction, and to some extent
▼indicate the paternal character from what would otherwise
be a sad reproach. One is familiar enough with the story of
the careful training bestowed by the illustrions Chatham on
his son William Pitt, afterwards known as “ the pilot who
weathered the storm though, as a matter of fact, he literally
sank beneath it, and died of its violence. It is pretty, as
Master Pepys would sav. to contemplate the picture of the
celebrated statesman supervising his son's practic? in English
composition, selecting for him the best models, teaching him
how to manage his voice, and rejoicing in the promise he gave
of future excellence. Pitt's great rival, Charles James Fox,
received a very different training at his father's hands. But,
at all events. Lord Holland was never discomposed by the
early fame of his brilliant son. I am always much moved by
the recital of the pride and exultation with which Turner's
father watched the increasing reputation of the great artist;
and I can fancy how astonished the whilom barber must have
been at his successive triumphs. Yet in the painter's boyhood
the father, it. is only fair to recollect, predicted his son’s rise
m the world. *• My son,” he said to Stothard, the artist, ‘-is
going to be a painter.” And when a small legacy was left to
him, he immediately devoted the whole of it to paying the
fees for his son's artistic education. We know that Sir Walter
Scott’s father—the “ Alexander Fairford”of his romance of
“ Redgauntlet ”—delighted in the laurels which his son wore
always with such modest dignity. And with what eager
interest did Pope’s father, the retired linendraper, watch the
growth of his son’s popularity, and his gradual recognition by
society as the greatest English poet of his time. The old man
w\s fortunate in living to see his Bon not only famotfs, but —
f >r a poet — affluent, and to linger for somo months among the
e^wic shades of Twickenham.
In not a few instances great men’s fathers have escaped all
responsibility by the simple expedient of dving before their
sons attained greatness. The father of Sir Joshua Reynolds,
for example, passed away just as his son’spowers were beginning
to mature. One could wish that industrious James Faraday,
the blacksmith, had lived to see the expanding reputation of his
son. the celebrated chemist. Charles Lamb’s father, of whom
he has drawn so charming a portrait in his essay ** On the Old
Benchers of the Inner Temple.” struggled on until his son was
twenty-t wo; but Elia's fame was of much later growth, and the
old man's declining years were brightened by no anticipatory
gleams of it. The Bristol linendraper who begot Southey did
not live to see his son flourishing like a green bav-tree in the
pleasant fields of literature. So small does the father some¬
times seem in comparison with, or in contrast to, the celebrated
son, that the latter’s biographer often omits all reference to
his departure from a world in which he had no other apparent
raison d’etre than to act ns a progenitor. I have just looked
at a memoir of Wordsworth which does not give oven the date
of his father’s death! Schiller, the greatest (if we except
Goethe) of the German poets, had reached manhood before his
father died, whom he had sorely vexed by his vagrom disposition.
Little could thcelder Schiller foresee that the indifferent surgeon
who fretted against the nncongeniality of his calling would
develop into the author of “ Wallenstein ” and “ The Maid of
Orleans." It seems hard that fathers who have striven much
for their sons' sake should disappear without any reward for
their labours—even without that gratification which the fame
and future of their sons might be expected to give ; though
they escape, it is true, the inconveniences to which I have
already alluded. But the Bathgate baker, whom Providence
made the father of Sir James Simpson, would have unquestion¬
ably been thankful to have witnessed the physician's brilliant
snccess. His death occurred justas his son, a youth of nineteen,
was going up for his surgeon's degree. And very probably the
Vicar of Berkeley, who died when his son, Dr. Edward Jenner,
was only five years old, would have rejoiced to hail in
him so great a benefactor to mankind as the discoverer of
vaccination. Petrarch's father would fain have made his son
Francesco a lawyer: happily, his death left the poet free to
follow the spontaneous impulses of his genius—to celebrate
Laura in immortal verse, and to receive the Laureate's crown
in the Roman Capitol. This is not the only case in which
a great man's father has conferred on his son a doable
obligation—first, by becoming his father ; and, second, by
dying before he could do anything to mar his career (which,
by-the-wav, if he had done, he might never have proved to be
a great man's father, for we know how Genins droops and
withers in an uncongenial atmosphere). The father of Claude
Lorraine wanted to make him a pastrycook. The father of
Jacques C'allot was persistently hostile to his son's artistic
tendencies. And Benvenuto Cellini's father had no higher
ambition for his son than that he should become an expert
flute-player. ^
It would seem, if one judged from A priori reasoning, that
a great man’s father should himself be a great man ; or else
what becomes of the doctrine of heredity! But every bio¬
graphical dictionary proves the reverse ; and proves also that
a great man's sons seldom carry on the paternal greatness.
Shakespeare, Milton, Bacon, Raleigh, Cromwell, Napoleon,
Wellington, Titian—one might fill a page with suggestive
names. Nature, when she has produced a great poet, a great
musician, ora great warrior, breaks the mould, and there’s
an end of it. That a man inherits to some extent the moral
qualities of his parents may lie allowed, though the hypothesis
is one into which wc must not inquire too curiously ;‘but that
he necessarily iuherits his intellectual character from them
appears to be a statement unwarranted by the general evidence
of biography. Sometimes the advocates of heredity rely, I
observe, upon the maternal element as the stronger, and the
father is thrust into quite a secondary relationship ; but then,
at other times, we are carefully instructed to look to the great
man's father as the original from which his greatness is
derived. But is it possible to conceive that Shakespeare owed
anything, ever so trivial, to the worthy commonplace burgess of
Stratford-on-Avon, whose highest ambition was to wear the
aldermanie robes 1 Or, to refer again to Claude Lorraine's father,
what could the great painter inherit from the unintelligent
individnal who would have forced upon his son the cap and
apron of the pastrycook What was there in common between
the rough sea-captain. Sir William Penn, and his son, the
founder of Pennsylvania.’ When Benjamin Haydon told his
father that he hatl made up bis mind to be a painter, “ Who
has put this stuff into your head .’ ” growled the father.
“ Nobody ; I have always had it." " You will live to repent 1"
exclaimed the elder Haydon. “ Never, my dear father ; I
would rather die in the trial I ” Not much sympathy here
between son and father.’ What did Locke owe to his “ pro¬
genitor"? or Helvctius, or Diderot, or Newton.’ Among
musicians, however, there dors seem to be an inheritance of
ability. Mozart's father, as everybody knows, was a practical
musician. If Abraham Mendelssohn (who recognised the awk¬
ward position of a great man's father, wittily saying, “ Formerly.
I was the soil of my father [the illustrious Moses Mendelssohn] ;
now I am the father of my son ") had no technical acquaint¬
ance with the divine art, he had a wonderful insight into it. As
for the Bachs, in them the musical faculty descended from father
to son, and son to grandson, like the crown through a dynasty
of Guelphs or Hapsburgs. Chopin's father was musically inclined.
Beethoven's was his son's first teacher, and played both violin
and clavier like a proficient. The father of Franz Schubert
was a schoolmaster, but knew enough of the art to instruct
his “ gifted son." The greatest of violinists, Paganini, received
his earliest musical lessons from his father, who loved music
intensely, and was a performer on the mandolin. Haydn's
father had a good tenor voice, and though he did not know a
note, could accompany himself on the harp. Handel's father,
it is true, was an exception to the rule, which is confirmed,
however, by the case of our great English musician, Sterndale
Bennett, whose father was an organist and a composer of songs.
Sir Arthur Sullivan was born amid “ sweet sounds ; ” and
Dr. A. C. Mackenzie is descended from three generations of
musicians.
Evidently, a heavy responsibility rests upon the fathers of
great men, and, as we have seen, the relationship is one whioh
involves a considerable amount of risk and inconvenience. So
that, though a certain degree of distinction attaches to it, I feel
inclined, on the whole, to offer my respectful condolences to
any of my readers who arc, or are likely to be, Great Men's
Fathers. 0. Y.
In recognition of his recent gallant rescue of a drowning
man from tho River Ta.v. the Marquis of Breadalbane has been
awarded the bronze medal of the Royal Hamane Society.
Messrs. Maskelyne and Cooke, having returned from their
annual provincial tour, have resumed their well-known enter¬
tainment at the Egyptian Hall. Their new programme is,
as usnil, excellent.
“Hazall's Annual for 1819," an excellent cyclopa.’dic record
of men and topics of the day, has jnst been issneil, in an
enlarged form, containing many new and revised articles.
It is brimful of information on all sorts of snbjects.
OBITUARY.
SIR BRODERICK HARTWELL. BART.
Sir Broderick Hartwell, second Baronet, of Dale Hall, Essex,
died in London on Dec. 11. He was born Jnly 17,
1813, tho elder son of the Rev. Houlton
Hartwell, M.A., Chaplain to George, Prince
Regent, by Ruth, his wife, daughter of Mr. David
Ball, of Bishops Hall, and succeeded his grand¬
father as second Baronet in 1831. He married,
Oct. 28, 1834, Alicia, eldest daughter of the
I Iij"T " i Rev - William Gnnthorpe. of Antigua, and by
I H, Jt her, who died April 24. 1839, leaves four sons
I "V -i. „ n ,i f our daughters. His eldest son, now Sir
Francis Houlton Hartwell, third Baronet, was
born in 1835; married, in 18fil, Emma Jane, only
child of Sir Henry Dymoke, first and last
Barone , and has three daughters.
SIR WILLIAM PEARCE. BART.
Sir William Pearce. Bart., of Cardell, Inverkip, in the county
of Renfrew, M.P. for the Govan Division of
Lanarkshire, died at, his town residence, 29,
Park-lane, W., on Dec. 18. He was born Jan. 8,
1833, the only son of Mr. Joseph George Pearce,
formerly of the Admiralty, by Louisa, his wife,
- daughter of Mr. William Lee, of Stoke, near
l§J ws Devon, and was created a Baronet last year. He
I studied naval architecture under Mr. Oliver
Lang, and was appointed, in 1884, general
manager of the ship-building 'yards of Messrs.
Napier and Sons, of Glasgow ; and, in 1870,
became a partner in the firm of Messrs. John
Elder and Co. He was a Magistrate for Lanark,
Chairman of the Guion Line Steam-ship Com¬
pany and of the Scottish Oriental Steam Shipping Company,
and a director of several other companies. He was a member
of the Royal Commission on Tonnage, in 1881, and on the
Commission on the Depression in Trade, in 1885. He un¬
successfully contested Glasgow in 1880, but was returned for
the Govan Division of Lanarkshire, as a Conservative, in 1885.
Sir William married, Jan. 22, 1860, Dinah Elizabeth, daughter
of Mr. Robert Sowter, of Gravesend, in the county of Kent,
and leaves an only child, now Sir William George Pearce,
second Baronet, barrister-at-law, who was born Jnly 23, 1861.
ADMIRAL SIR CHARLES HILLYAR, K.C.B.
Admiral Sir Charles Farrel Hillyar, K.C.B., died suddenly, of
heart disease, at his residence, Torre House, Torpoint, Corn¬
wall, on Dee. 14, aged seventy-one. He was son of the late
Rear-Admiral Sir James Hillyar, K.C.B.. K.C.H., by Mary, his
wife, daughter of Mr. W. Taylor, of Malta. He entered the
Royal Navy in 1831, became Commander in 1848, Captain in
1852, Rear-Admiral in 1867, Vice-Admiral in 1873, and Admiral
in 1878. He retired in 1882. The deceased Admiral had seen
a great deal of active service, having taken part, in addition to
other engagements, in the operations before Sebastopol, for
which he received a medal with clasp, the Fonrth Class of the
Medjidieh, and the Turkish medal. He was Commodore com¬
manding the East Indian Station, 1865 to 1867 ; Commander-
in-Chief, Pacifio Station, 1872 to 1873 ; and China Station,
1877 to 1878. He was made C.B. in 1869, and K.C.B. in 1887.
COLONEL THE HON. AUGUSTUS LIDDELL.
Colonel the Hon. George Angustns Frederick Liddell, Deputy
Ranger of Windsor Park, died at his residence, South Lawn,
Eton College, on Dec. 14, aged seventy-six. He was the sixth
son of Sir Thomas Henry Liddell, Bart., who was elevated to
the Peerage as Baron Ravensworth, in 1821, by Maria Susannah,
his wife, daughter of Mr. John Simpson, of Bradley, and
granddaughter, maternally, of Thomas, eighth Earl of Strath-
more. He was educated at Eton, and was formerly in the
Scots Fusilier Guards, in which he became Lieutenant-Colonel
in 1846. For some years he was Comptroller of the Household
and Equerry to her Royal Highness the late Duchess of
Gloucester. He wasGroom-in-Waiting to the Queen from 1858
to 1882, and Treasnror to the Duke of Edinburgh from 1866 to
1871. Colonel Liddell married, in 1842, Cecil Elizabeth, fourth
daughter of the Hon.and Rev. Gerald Valerian Wellesley, D.D.,
Canon of Durham, which lady died in 1883, leaving four sons
and two daughters.
We have also to record the deaths of—
The Rev. Alexander MacLennan, D.C.L., at the Vicarage,
Brompton, Northallerton, on Dec. 13.
Major J. C. Fitzmanrice, formerly Assistant Commissioner,
.Kars, at Tunbridge Wells, on Dec. 10, aged sixty-seven.
Mr. John Rylands, at his residence, Longford Hall, Stretford,
on Dee. 11, in his eighty-Bixth year. He was a Magistrate for
the county of Lancaster.
Mr. George Routlcdge, of Stone House, Carlisle, J.P. and
D.L., the well-known publisher, on Dec. 13, at 50, Rnsscll-
sqtiare, aged seventy-six.
Lady Angnsta Poulett, at 10, Hill-street, Mayfair, on
Dec. U, in her eighty - seventh year. She was the third
daughter of John, fourth Earl Poulett, by Sophia, his wife,
daughter of Admiral Sir George Pocock.
The Rev. Henry Bull, M.A., Honorary Canon of Christ
Church, Oxford, and Rector of Lathbury, for over fifty years,
on Dec. 18, aged ninety-three. He was one of the oldest
clergymen in the United Kingdom.
Captain William Fordyce Blair, R.N., of Blair, in the county
of Ayr, J.P. and D.L., on Dec. 11, at his seat near Dairy, aged
eighty-three. He entered the Navy at an early age. was
present at the Battle of Navarino, took part in the first
Burmese War, and was engaged in the capture of the Morea.
Lady Alan Spencer Churchill, at her residence, Twickenham,
on Dec. 10. She was the daughter of Mr. Thomas Dowker. of
Huntingdon Hall, in the county of York, and married, firstly,
in 1846, Lord Alan Spencer Churchill, who died in 1873, and
secondly, in 1874, Mr. Alfred Henry Caulfeild.
Mr. Laurence Peel, last surviving brother of tbo lato
Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel, seoond Baronet (the distinguished
statesman) at bis residence. Sussex-square, Brighton, on
Dec. 17. in the eighty-eighth year of his age. He sit as M.P.
for Cockermonth from 1827 to 1830.
Mr. Richard Redgrave, C.B., after a short illness, at his
residence, 27, Hyde Park-gate, S.W. He was born in 1804, and
became a Royal Academician in 1852. He was formerly
Surveyor of Pictures to the Queen and Inspector-General for
Science and Art Department, South Kensington. He was
created C.B. in 1880.
General David Downing, late of the Bengal Infantry, on
Dec. 18. at bis residence, The Grange, Plaxtol, Kent, aged
eighty-eight. He Berved in the Punjanb Campaign of 1848 and
1849 with the division nndcr Brigadier Wheeler, receiving a
medal for his services. His commissions boro date—Captain,
1832 ; Major. 1839 ; Licntcnant-Colonel, 1845 ; Colonel. 1834 ;
Major-General, 1857 ; Lieutenant-General, 1869; and General,
1875.
788
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
HOGMANAY.
Conspicuous among the folk-customs which, north of the
Tweed, have survived from the remotest antiquity remains
that of welcoming with wassail and good wishes the birth of
the new year. To all appearance a pagan custom, dating
from the pre-Christian past, it probably owes its permanence
to instincts acquired amid the superstitions of the Dark Ages.
Of late years, it is true, under the influence of Southern
fashion, the festival of Christmas has seemed to be superseding
that of New Year s Eve. But. as with many other picturesque
and interesting customs of Scotland, the older observance
remains yet deeply rooted in the heart of the people, and,
having already survived so many changes of habit and creed,
may be expected to outlive even this latest inroad.
There is much to be said, too, for the keepingof Hogmanay.
Christmas, indeed, is the commemoration of a great religious
event, and even in the North it appears interesting and appro¬
priate enough as a Church festival; while to those with whom
its observance has been a national and family custom it
contains, of course, an ample significance. Bat to people who
have inherited the instinct with their blood the end of the
year remains a more fitting time for recalling the deeds and
the days that are past; and the keeping of Hogmanay awakens,
north of the Border, a subtle train of early feelings and asso¬
ciations—the pensive charm and sweetness of “ auld lang syne."
Scarcely a dwelling is there, cottage or hall, in the breadth of
all broad Scotland, which lias not. time out of mind, on this night
of the year witnessed some observance of the ancient and
pleasant festival. Alike under gilded ceilings and roofs of
thatch there is to lie heard then the toasting of old memories
and the pledging of health and fortune to the house and its
occupants throughout the dawning year. About every village
cross, too, as the last moments of the year approach, the young
men of the neighbourhood have ever been wont to gather togreet
the incoming day with shouts of rejoicing and with the curious
traditional custom of “ first-footing." A generous festival it is,
interesting from its antiquity and dear to most Scotsmen for
the personal memories which it recalls. Even in the cities,
where coutact with the world tends greatly to obliterate such
folk-customs, it is curious to see the ancient festival year after
year assert itself, its observance the better assured, probably,
because it brings back to those who attend it the scenes and
memories of earlier, and. perhaps, happier, days.
Ever with the same details the time-honoured proceeding
may be witnessed on the night of any 31st day of December at
the cross of the ancient city of St. Mungo.
Some time before midnight the roar of the day's traffic has
died out of the streets. The great warehouses are closed, and
their windows gaze, like sightless eyes, into the deserted
thoroughfares. To ono imbued with the spirit of the hour, it
is os if the city itself were thinking of the past; and the
sudden sweep of wind that comes and dies away seems a
sigh of regret for its departed glories. Many memories
cluster about this ancient heart of Glasgow; and at
such an hour and upon such a night it would seem
little more than natural if the historic figures of the past
should move again abroad. The spot itself, however, has,
indeed, changed with time, and but few links are left it to
recall hvgone days. Even the Saltmarket at band has been so
altered of late years that if worthy Bail lie Nicol Jarvie were
to step out again on the causeway he would find no 4-race at all
of the narrow, ill-paved, unlighted lane of his day, with its
high, rickety houses, and creaking shop-signs. Rather must
the city pride herself now upon her glories of the present.
Far off, nj»on the great Clyde artery at Govan, where the nets
of the salmon-fishers once'hung in the son to dry, the noise of
a myriad hammers has just ceased for the holiday, and the
iron skeletons of a hundred ships stand silent in the darkness,
spectres not of the past but of the future. Overhead, too,
between the high house-roofs, the heaven is very dark, and
above the lanterns of the clock the Tron steeple is hidden
from sight; but one side of the neighbouring tower—
that of the ancient Tolbooth in High-street—reflects the red
glare, from a mile away, of iron furnaces at Hutchesontown—
those undying vestal fires of the nineteenth century—and
the golden vane upon the spire shines, strangely lit, alone
in the dark heaven. Significant indications, these, of the
strong modern life that throbs in the veins of the ancient city.
But the great gilt hand of the clock overhead is approaching
midnight, and along the streets, from the four points of the
compass, comes the sound of innumerable hastening feet. It
is the crowd gathering to observe this immemorial ceremony
of “ bringing in the year."
Few of the revellers, probably, reflect upon the antiquity of
the custom they are observing ; if they did, it might, perhaps,
lend the proceeding a deeper interest in their eyes. To survive
so many vicissitudes of history, the rite must once have
|H>ssessed a dblemn religious meaning. On the bank of the
river below, the rough Norse rover has shouted “ Waes hael " to
Thor; on the crest of the hill above, the Roman warrior has
poured libations to Jove. Bishops of a feudal church within
the storied cathedral walls have said the mass of Christ; and
the spires of many a Presbyterian kirk now rise round the
ancient cross. But through all changes, through the ebb and
flow of Faith and Fear, has come down the relic of an older
worship, and in the mistletoe and the New-Year mysteries the
Drnid lives among us still. These people are gathering now,
os for ages their race has gathered, to bid farewell to the old
year and weloome to the new, and to pour their mystic saenfiee
to Time, not, indeed, as of old, npon the nnconscions eartn nor
within the stone circle of a rude astronomy, but at least under
the open sky and with something of the ancient wish-nfces of
tte Qm ? ckiy enough the last seconds of the year run out The
hand of the great clock is actually touching the hoar. At last
it strikes, a single bell-one, two, three-a bold £ ™
silence; and immediately it is answered by a bewildering
clangour from all the city belfries. Before the last stroke has
died away a wild cheer bursts from the throat of the waiting
crowd below. There is great commotion among the little
groups ; and as cheer after cheer rings np into the air,
from the belfry overhead the city chimes ring out upon the
night their welcome to the New Year. ...
Meanwhile everyone is drinking the health of everyone
else, Celt and Saxon, countryman and citizen : and as no one
can pass an acquaintance without hospitality offered and
taken, and as. moreover, the dew of Ben Nevis is somewhat
potent, the shaking of hands and wishing of good luck soon
become fairly exuberant. Presently, however, everyone sets
off to first-foot his friends.
The origin of this ceremony it is difficult to suggest, unless
it be to represent some priestly visitation, a sacrament
assuring to the people throughout the coming year the bless¬
ings of food and drink. A door-to-door proceeding, at any
rate it is—accompanied by much eating of cake and drinking
of whisky, and it will last well into the morning hours.
Lucky, for this performance, are accounted those dark of skin.
If the first-footer be fair the tradition runs that it bodes ill-
fortune for the year to the house whose threshold he or sho
has crossed ; and often enough a door is shut in the face of such
a friend simply because of bis complexion. Moreover, the
visitor must not come empty-handed ; and so the bottle and
broken wine-glass which each carries serve as a double
introduction. „
And now all who sat np till the city bells struck twelve,
as well in the crowded tenements here as in the far-off suburbs
of the rich, have wished each other a good New Year, and are
retiring to rest. Among them, doubtless, there are many
thoughts of sadness. Many a widow was a wife last year ;
many a ruined home was prosperous ; many a soiled heart still
was pure. But the old year, with its sorrow, has passed away
in the night, and with the New Year’s dawn a glimmer of
hope comes in at the darkest casement. Geo. Eyre-Todd.
ECLIPSES IN THE YEAR 1889.
(From the “Illustrated London Almanack" for 1SS9.)
In the rear 1*89 there will be three Eclipses of the Sun. and two of the Moon.
Jnn'. 1. A Total Kcllpso of the Sun, Invisible from Euro|ic. The Central
Eclliwe begins at 24 minute* after 8h p.m., Greenwich mean time, in longitude
179 deg. K. of Greenwich, and north latitude M deg. In the North lad lie
Ocean. The Central Eclipse at noon, or at 16 minutes after 9li p.m.. Green¬
wich time, will still be in the North l’aelflc Ocean, some distance west of
the coast of North America. In longitude 138 dog. W. of Greenwich, nn»r
latitude 36 j deg. N.; and the Central Eclipse will end at llh 30m p.m.,
Greenwich time, in North America, In longitude 94 deg. W. of Greenwich,
and 82* deg. north latitude. ....
Jan. 17. A Partial Eclipse of the Moon on the morning of this day. It
begins at 1 minute before 4h a.m. The middle of the Eclijwc will bo at 5h 30m
a.m., and it will end at 7h a.m. At the time of the middle of the Eclipse
about seven-tenths of the Moon's diameter will bo hidden. The Moon sets
at June^S." 1 An Annular Eclipse of the Sun, invisible from Europe. The
Central Eclipse begins at 21 minutes after 7h a.m., in longitude 3^ deg. W.
of Greenwich, and south latitude 32J deg., a little to the wrest of Southern
Africa. The central line will mbs over South Africa a little north of
Madagascar, across the Indian Ocean, to a place In 98 deg. east longitude,
and south latitude 27j deg., where the Central Eclipse will end at 39 minutes
after loh a.m., Greenwich time.
July 12. A Partial Eclipse of the Moon, during the evening. The Eclipse
begins at 43 minutes after 7h p.m., but at this time the Moon is below the
horizon. She rises at London at 8h 13m p.m., portly eclipsed. The middle
of the Eclipse will be at 54 minutes after 8h, at which time rnther less than
one-half of her diameter will bo hidden; and the Eclipse will end at
6 minutes after 10h p.m.
Dec. 22. A Total Eclipse of the Sun. not visible from Europe. The
Central Eclipse begins at 13 minutes after llh a.m., Greenwich time, in
longitude 79 deg. west of Greenwich, and 15 deg. north latitude, in the
Caribbean Sea; then passes near the northern boundary of South America,
crosses the Equator in 30 deg. west longitude, and thence across Southern
Africa; and ends at 35 minutes after 2h p.m., in 48 deg. 40 min. east
longitude, and 5 deg. 10 min. north latitude. This Eclipse will be visible in
the northern half of South America: in Africa, with the exception of the
north-west; in Arabia, and In the Atlantic Ocean.
An old woman, Bridget Gallagher, who was arrested at
Queenstown, after landing from the Umbria, for smuggling
into the country fifty rounds of ammunition, was before the
Magistrates on Dec. 19, and was ordered to pay a fine of £2 10s.
and costs, or, in default, to go to prison for one month.
Messrs. Hudson and Kearns, of 83. Sonthwark-street. have
issued their practical diaries for 1889, among them being the
well-known ones for architects and builders. Their date-
indicating blotting-pads are most convenient, and we would
call attention esjvecially to Nos. 7 and 8.
The new revised edition of * Dod’s Peerage, Baronetage,
and Knightage” handbook is now published by Messrs.
Whittaker and Co. and Messrs. George Bell and Song. “ Dod.”
as most people know, differs from other Peerages and Baronet¬
ages in the fact that it treats, not of families, but of in¬
dividuals, bo that by the aid of its alphabetical arrangement
the question, “ Who is Lady Mary Jones or the Hon. John
Smith l " may be settled in a moment. The new edition has
been compiled with great care.
THE NEW FORCES IN INDIA.
A lecture has been delivered on this topic, at the London
Institution, by Sir William Wilson Hnnter. He said he pro-
posed to deal with the subject familiarly, as one which had
been long on his mind. The new India of which he had to
speak was an India easily intelligible to all thinking men and
women. No nnconth native names were wanted to explain its
conditions and needs. The problems of the new India were
the problems of free and growing peoples. They were the
same problems which Englishmen had solved for them¬
selves. We had undertaken the solemn task of becoming
the earthly Providence to 250 millions of people. We had
made them onr fellow - subjects, under our beloved Queen,
so far, at least, as concerns the educated Hindoos. At
the same time we had to deal with dense masses who still
thought the old Asiatic thoughts and lived the old Asiatic life.
During seven centuries the warring races of Central Asia
made India an Aceldama. Some mighty dynasty might at
intervals give a breathing space. But the dread of destruction
was never long absent from the Indian mind. Not once during
the present century did the East India Company's Governors-
General—e.g., Lord Metcalfe—feel strong enough to make
invasion from without impossible, and to put down the
internal predatory races. Her Majesty's forces were needed
to grapple with the Mutiny of 1857. The lecturer gave
the details of the happy revolution in trade, which
by changing its character had so vastly increased its
volume. India was no longer a mere maker of nick-nacks and
a retailer in luxuries. It had become a great wholesale mer¬
chant and manufacturer, working with steam-mills and
exporting agricultural products on an enormous scale. The
same feeling of certainty and security was the motive power
in the social and political ns well as in the industrial develop¬
ment of the India of to-day. Having dealt with the industrial
and political results of the new forces in India, Sir William
Hunter proceeded to consider their social and religious results.
With regard to the effect of the new forces upon the religions
conceptions of the people, his view of the matter waB that &
new religion would before long arise in India. The forces at
work were so powerful and so certain to produce some result
or another that a new religion would arise. But he
did not think that new religion would be our modem
Christianity, although he believed that the Christian missions
were at this moment among the most powerful factors in
designing what that new religion should be. He summarised
the main facts as to education in India, and exposed the
fallacy of estimating the influence of the lettered class by the
mere number of university graduates. In conclusion, he said
we have thrown open the flood-gates of a new industrial,
political, and social life in India. It would be as impossible
to arrest the new political activity as to put a stop to the
building of the cotton factories at Bombay, or to arrest the
new' educational activity by shutting np the five Indian uni¬
versities (as Russia shut up her universities at the beginning
of this year), and to close the 122,000 Indian schools and
colleges. _
ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY’S GARDENS.
The Zoological Society's series of anthropoid apes has just
received an important addition in the shape of a second
specimen of the bald-headed chimpanzee ( atit/iropopithecus
cal riw»), which has been obtained by purchase of Mr. Cross, of
Liverpool. The fine adult female of the^ame species which
has been in the society's collection more than five years, and
is commonly known as “ Sally,” has attracted great attention
among naturalists as being the only example of this distinct
form of chimpanzee known in captivity ; and also on account
of its remarkable intelligence. It is. therefore, of much
interest to have acquired a second individual of the same
form. *• Sally's younger pister ” has been placed in an adjoining
compartment in the ape-house, in company with a young
female of the common chimpanzee, brought home from Sierra
Leone and presented to the society by Mr. T. J. Alldridge,
F.Z.S., in May last. The uniform black face and Bhort-haired,
almost bare, forehead of the bald-headed chimpanzee render
the two species distinguishable at a glance. Along with these
two chimpanzees are associated a young female orang ( Simia
sal y rut r) and a silver gibbon, lately presented by Captain D. L.
Deiacherois ; so that all the three known genera of anthropoid
apes may be now seen represented by living specimens.
It is stated that the National Rifle Association has acquired
the Brookwood site, and will hold next year’s meeting there.
A brass tablet has been placed in the crypt of St. Paul's
Cathedral, in memory of the late Field-Marshal Lord
Ktrathnairn. It was designed by Messrs. Frank Smith and Co.,
of Southampton-Btreet, Strand.
The last monthly meeting of the Freemasons’ Board of
Benevolence for the year 1888 was recently held at Freemasons’
Hall. Mr. Robert Grey presided. There were forty-seven
applicants for assistance, and they were relieved with a total
sum of £967. At the close of the meeting it was announced
that during the year 1KS8 the total sum granted by the Board,
including that evening’s grants, had l»een £11,468, and that to
meet the heavy calls on the fund, stock to the amount of £9000
had been sold out, the annual income of the fund not being
sufficient to meet the aw'ards.
Benson’s Celebrated “ Fantasie ” Lace and
A very choice Selection of the
u Lucky Moonstones " set tcUh
Diamonds.
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE
BONO-STREET NOVELTIES,
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DEC. 29, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
789
SUNNY RAYS.
■B CAPILLARY COMPOUND-
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h.icsh hair, pret cuts #.j»l n
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COCOATINA.
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SPEARMAN’S SERGES.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
gTOCK-TAKING SALE,
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j^ND SUCCEEDING DAYS.
J^LL GOODS Greatly REDUCED.
300 Pieces Faille Francaisc, 3s. 6d.
200 Boxes Fancy Velvets, from 2s. 6d.
350 Rich Bordered Dress Robes, from 29s. 6d.
2750 Zephyr Dresses, from 5s. lid.
5000 Short Lengths, Half-price.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
gTOCK-TAKING SALE.
350 Plush Mantles, from 42s.
500 Tailor-made Jackets, from 25s. 6d.
475 Costumes, various materials, 18*. lid,
150 Paris Model Costumes, 5r’s. Od.
160 Silk Costumes, from 12*.
pETER ROBINSON, Oxford-st.
CIRCULAR BY POST
I W OH APPLICATION.
| 290 Flannel Dressing Gowns, from 8*. lid.
( 60 Rich Tea-downs, from 75s. 6d.
150 French Bonnets ami Huts, from 15s. 6<1.
100 Boys' Overcoats, from 5«. ml.
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QT0CK-TAKING SALE Pf\ robinsoh and cleavers I
MONDAY JANUARY 7 CAMBRIC POCKET
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J^ND SUCCEEDING DAYS. n 2r.n Pr l™»!rSr* t ' / ™' I
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j public speakers will find them excellent to clear the voice and
J render articulation wonderfully easy,
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I European Dep6t, 33, Farringdon-roao.
For Wills and Behests, sec page 790; Bodies' Column, page 792 j Playhouses, page J
790
DEC. 29, I88g
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
WILLS AND BEQUESTS.
The will (dated June 20, 1884) of Mr. William Qnilter. late
of No. 5, Moorgafce-street, and No. 28, Norfolk-street, Fark-
lane.a former president of the Institute of Accountants, who
died on Nor. 12, was proved on Dec. 13 by William Cuthbert
Quilter, M.P.. and Edward Frederick Quilter, the sons, and
Thomas Abercrombie Welton. the executors, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £575,000. The
testator, after stating that his wife, Mrs. Susan Quilter, is
well provided for, bequeaths £71,740 to hia son, William
Cuthbert Quilter; £94,000 to his son, Edward Frederick
Quilter ; and £90,000 to his son, Harry Qnilter. these sums,
together with what he has advanced during his lifetime,
making up each son’s portion to £100,000; £45,000 each, upon
trust, for his daughters, Mrs. Eley and Miss Sarah Ellen
Quilter, and an additional £5000 to his last-named daughter ;
£1000 to his niece, Mrs. Slater; an annuity of £200 to his
sister, Mrs. Charlotte Abrahams; 500 guineas and £20 per
annum for five years to his partner, Thomas Abercrombie
Welton ; £10 10s. to each of his clerks ; £5 5s. to each of his
servants : and £10.000 to his son Harry, in lieu of a share of
the residue. The residue of his real and personal estate he
leaves to his sons, William Cuthbert and Edward Frederick, in
equal shares.
The will (dated June 14, 1885) of the Rev. Walter Sneyd,
J.P., F.S.A., late of Keole Hail. Staffordshire, and No. 55, Port-
land-place, W., who died on July 2, was proved on Dec. 14. by
Ralph Sneyd, the son, and the Ven. Ernald Lane, the executors,
the value of the personal estate being sworn to exceed £235,000.
The testator bequeaths £200 to the United Kingdom Beneficent
Society; £500 to the North Staffordshire Infirmary, and £100
each to the Convalescent Home and the chaplaincy attached
thereto ; £ 100 to the Society for Promoting Christian Know¬
ledge ; £ 100 to the Society for the Propagation of the Go9pel
in Foreign Parts ; and £300 to the Vicar of Cuddesden, upon
trust, to apply the income for the benefit of the poor of the
hamlet of Denton at Christmas-time; £100 to Lord Bagot;
£100 to Lady Bagot; £50 each to Lord Zouche, the Earl of
Delamere, and the Hon. Mrs. Charles Bagot; £500 and an
annuity of £200 to his sister, Mrs. Wise ; £1500, his house,
No. 55, Portland-place, with the furniture therein, and the
income of a sum of £60,500 to his wife, Mrs. Henrietta
Elizabeth Sneyd ; hia house in Eaton-square, upon trust, to pay
the income thereof to such of his unmarried daughters,
and, on their marriage or death, to his daughter. Mrs. Louise
Georgiana Howard ; £2000 to his daughter Mrs. Howard ;
£3000 to his daughter Isabel Clara; £2000 to his daughter
Caroline Henrietta: and £1000 to his daughter Eleanor
Frances; three-fourths of a sum of £ 10,000 Consols and £8000
cash between his last-named three daughters ; and other
legacies to relatives, friends, and servants. Under the powers
contained in the will of his brother, Ralph Sneyd, Esq., he
charges Keele Hall, with the manors, lands, Ac., in Stafford¬
shire (by the said will settled on him for life, with remainder
to his son Ralph, with remainder to his first and other sons in
tail male), with the payment of £1800 per annum to his wife
daring her life, and portions of £6000 each to his four
daughters. On the death of his wife, the sum of £60,500 is to
be divided between his four daughters ; but the share of Mrs.
Howard is to be £9500 less than the shares of each of his
other daughters, she having had certain sums given her on
her marriage. His freehold and copyhold estates, and certaiu
silver and furniture, are to follow the same trusts as those
relating to Keele nail. The residue of his personal estate he
leaves to his son Ralph absolutely.
The will (dated Nov. 24, 1887). with a codicil (dated
May 25, 1888), of the Right Hon. Sir Richard Baggallay, late
of No. 55, Queen's-gate, formerly one of the Lords Justices of
the Court of Appeal, who died on Nov. 13, at Hove, was proved
on Dec. 18 by Dame Marianne Baggallay, the widow, Henry
Charles Baggallay, Ernest Baggallay, and Claude Baggallay,
the sons, the executors, the value of the personal estate amount¬
ing to upwards of £64.000. The testator gives and devises
his freehold estate called “ Mapletrenee,” at Cowden, Kent, all
his shares in certain public companies, and his stock in the
English railways and the Indian Three per Cents, and a sum
of £ 17,500, upon trust, to pay the income thereof to his wife, for
life; at her death, his estate is to be sold, and the proceeds thereof,
and the said stocks and shares, are to be equally divided
between his children ; and out of the sum of £17,500 he gives
£2000 each to his sons, Henry Charles, Claude, Ernest, and
Herbert, and the surplus between all his children. He bequeaths
£3000, upon trust, for his daughter Gertrude Hilda; and
£5500, upon trust, for his daughters, Dora Helen, Marian, and
Gertrude Hilda ; and he states that he has made advances and
settlements to his other children during his lifetime. The
residue of his property he leaves to his wife absolutely.
The will (dated Sept. 19, 1885) of Mr. Henry ‘Wilson
Demain-Saunders, J.P., late of Fanshawa, Herts, who died
on Nov. 11, was proved on Dec. 13 by 3Irs. Minnie Demain-
Saunders, the widow and sole executrix, the value of the
personal estate amounting to upwards of £51,000. The
testator leaves all his property, whatsoever and wheresoever,
both real and personal, to his wife.
The will (dated Nov. 9,1882) with a codicil (dated March 24,
1888) of Mr. Felix Vigne, formerly of Tokenhouse-yard, but
late of No. 5, Pembridge-place, Bayswater, who died on Oct. 24,
was proved on Dec. 7 by Francis Alfred Hawker and John
Henry Vigne. the nephew, the executors, the value of the
personal estate exceeding £42,000. The testator bequeaths
£500 to his brother John, £100 to his brother Frederick, £50
to Mrs. Ada Vigne; an annuity of £50 to his sister, Mrs.
Frances Etnma Sinclair ; £200 each to the Bishop of London’s
Fund and the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in
Foreign Parts ; and annuities to servants. The residue of his
real and personal estate he leaves as to one fourth thereof to
his brother John, one fourth to the children of his deceased
brother Henry Thomas, and one fourth each to his brother
Herbert and his brother-in-law, Francis Alfred Hawker.
The will (dated Oct. 6, 1880). with a codicil (dated Oct 17,
1882), of Mr. Edward Augustas Dearman Brooshooft, late of
Kirkella, East Riding, Yorkshire, who died on Nov. 18, was
proved on Dec. 13 by Thomas Holden. Vincent Henry Parke
and William Hodgson, the executors, the value of the iierwraal
estate exceeding £41,000. The testator bequeaths £3000 to tin,
National Life-Boat Institution, to found three life-boats to h
called “The Jonathan Marshall, Sheffield,” “The Vincent
Wilkinson, Kirkella,” and “The Sarah Brooshooft, Kirkella” •
£5000 to the Sheffield General Infirmary; £ l’ooo to
Sheffield Dispensary: £1000 to the Hull Dispensary; £50l)o
to the Hull Seamen's and General Orphan Asylum (SnHmr
Bank, Hull) ; £800 to the National Artillery Association for
the purpose of presenting his annual prize ; £500 each to
Edith, Helene, and Amy Holden, and £1500 between the other
children of Thomas Holden ; £2500, upon trust, for Mrs
Spencer for life, and then to her two daughters ; £500 to each
executor; £2000 among the children of Mrs. Parker; £2000
between the children of Mrs. Bailey ; £1500, and the use"for
life, of his furniture, to his wife; and many other large
legacies at her death.
The will (dated Dec. 17, 1879), with two codicils (dated
June 26, 1884 ; and Nov. 31. 1886), of Mr. John Leighton
Wade Dennett, late of Woodmancote Place, Sussex, who died
on Sept. 29, was proved on Dec. 7, by James Warnes Howlett
Arthur Smith, and John Whiteman, the executors, the value
of the personal estate exceeding £39,000. The testator
bequeaths his house called “Felstead Villa,” £1100 and an
annuity of £50 to his servant Jane Bnckman ; £100 to each
executor ; £1500 to John Whiteman ; annuities of £50 each to
Mrs. Float and Maria Gorringe, and other legacies. He devises
his Woodmancote estate, upon trust, for his eldest or only son
and in default thereof to his eldest or only daughter, and in
default thereof to Arthur Smith, his heirs and assigns. The
residue of his property he leaves to his children in equal shares,
and on failure of issue to Arthur Smith.
Letters of Administration of the personal estate of Mr.
Edward John Jones, late of Frongog, in the county of Cardigan
who died on Ang. 23, at Aberystwith, intestate, have just been
granted to Mrs. Mary Jones, the widow, the value thereof
exceeding £32,000. _
BOOKS FOK SHIPS’ LIBRARIES, &c.
Mr. W. Evan Franks, secretary of the St. Andrew’s Waterside
Church Mission, 65, Fenchurch-street., London, E.C., writes as
follows:—“It is now twenty years since an appeal was first
made through the columns of The Illustrated Ionian Xnc*
for books, magazines, illustrated papers for ships’ libraries
and for distribution on emigrant and other vessels. Since
then 8000 libraries have been supplied free to outgoing ships,
besides tons of magazines, illustrated papers, Ac., sent to our
fishery fleets, sailors’ homes, and hospitals, and to foreign
stations. If possible, we always put a bound volume of The
Illustrated London News in each library. Nothing is moro
appreciated by onr sailors. May I appeal again to yonr
readers’ kind help in replenishing our stock, now getting
low, and on which at this season demands are very gTeat.
Any gifts sent addressed to me will be thankfully acknow¬
ledged."
OTHING adds so much to personal attractions as a bright, clear
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I most regular features are but coldly impressive, whilst with them the
plainest become attractive ; and yet there is no advantage so easily secured.
The regular use of a properly prepared Soap is one of the chief means; but
ithe Public have not the requisite knowledge of the manufacture of Soap to
guide them to a proper selection, so a pretty box, a pretty colour, or an
agreeable perfume too frequently outweighs the more important consideration,
viz. : the Composition of the Soap itself, and thus many a good complexion
is spoiled which would be enhanced by proper care. __
A most Eminent Authority on the Skin,
Professor Sir Erasmus IDilson, F.R&,
Writes in the Journal of Cutaneous Medicine : —
T HE use of a good Soap is certainly calculated to preserve the Skin in
“health, to maintain its complexion and tone, and prevent Us falling
“into wrinkles. PEARS is a name engraven on the memory of the
“ oldest inhabitant; and PEARS' Transparent SOAP is an article of the
" nicest and most careful manufacture, and one of the most refreshing
11 and agreeable of balms for the Skin. 1 '_ _
Good Complexion!
and Nice Hands!
SHOPPING IN
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persons whose skin is delicate or sensitive to changes in the weather,
winter or summer, Pears’ Transparent SOAP is in valuable, |
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Testimonial from
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EARS’ ( TABLETS & BALLS:
Transparent< ls ’ eacb - Larger Sizes, Is. 6d. and 2s. 6d
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OUAr• v a smaller Tablet (unscented) is sold at 6d.
PEARS’
ransparei
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DEO. 29, 1888
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
791
NEW MUSIC.
SOLE IMPORTERS OF THE CELEBRATED
MASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
lYi supplied to her Majesty, (juecn Victoria, the
Empress Eugvnie. Sir Arthur Sullivan, Sir John
Stainer, Cb. Gounod.
ASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
Supplied to the Sultan of Turkey, the AMv Liszt,
Dr. F. J. Camphcll of the Royal No—•
Madame Antoinette -tcrling.
MASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
JjX Used in Westminster Ablwy. Sr. James's Hn
t'o vent-Garden Theatre. Drury-Lnne Theatre, ai
in all the principal c.nicert-rooms.
NEW MUSIC.
QHRISTMA8 NUMBER
QHAPPELL'S MUSICAL MAGAZINE,
Containing the following IVpnlnr Dnncc Mimic: 1
IIOnOTHY «AI.T7..P. Hncalom .
M
t? Normal ColUg.*,’ IJjh
THK PLANTATION LAVCKIIR
G KN l K SCHOTTISCHK
VK OK V
i l>K KKPAUNOLB
Ktruriannd Umhria.ai
e Royal Navy, t he Cunard steamers
Tt/TASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
JXL Always used t»y Mr. Sankey, and contini
chased for Mission-Work in all parts of tli
TITASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
-LtX Highest Awards—Paris. la«T ; Vienna, 1
AT ASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
i-vA Some points of superiority of the Mason and
Hamlin Organs—Selection and I'rrp-irauon of
Material, Voicing,
AT ASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
JLfX Improved Centre-Pressure, Self-Adjusting need
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M^SON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
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QOUNOD'S POPULAR SACRED SONGS.
J-JARK, MY SOUL, IT IS THE LORD.
pEACE, PERFECT PEACE.
r riIE YEOMEN OF THE GUABD.
-*• A New Opera by
S. GILBERT and ARTHUR SULLIVAN.
I Pianoforte Solo (arrang'd hyJ™\Va<'l "worth) .. 3s. od.net.
1 ^BncSlSSiO W . 6 ' ttn !‘ L ’ inrer * b Y
NEW MUSIC.
JUST PUBLISHED.
HAROLD BOUl¥oN ;
the Music by
A. GORING THOMAS.
No. 1. CONTENTMENT (Duct).
„ 2. THE VIKING’S DAUGHTER.
,. 3. THK HEART’S FANCIES.
., I. TIME'S GARDEN.
,. VriICKS <>r SEEING.
fi. UN HER TH Y WI NDO W.
„ 7. A RIVER DREAM.
„ K A I.OVK LULLABY.
Itt A SONG OF SUNSHINE.
11. A COUNTRYMAN S LOVE SONG.
„ 12. SUNSET (Duct).
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DIPLOMA OF HONOUR.
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and Final I wot
i Ss.od. uef.
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TX T ASON and HAMLIN ORGANS.
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Farmer's Fantasia for Violin and*Pianuforte ••
TOST US NEW SONGS.
MORE and more.
Words by John Muir.
Sung by Mr. Barnngtou Foote.
T>EAUTrS EYES.
Words by F. K. Weatherly.
Sung by Mr. Alee. Marsh.
Twelfth Edition.
MAUDE VALERIE WHITES NEW SONG.
CO WE LL GO NO MORE A-ROVING.
Words by Byron.
A charming Song, by this 1110*1 popular Composer.
ERNEST FOIU).
r>ECAUSE I LOVE THEE.
X-J Immense success. Sung Everywhere.
NEW DANCE MUSIC.
P. BUCALOSSI.
Ask your Musicseller for
W MORLEY and CO.’S NEW SONGS
• Worth
Singing.
A SK NOT. Maude Valerie White’s
Last and finest Song.
“ A tirilUant S'iccc**."
f pHE RIPPLE OF THE RIVER. F. Moir’s
A Last and prettiest song
(Comiwiser of “ Best of All").
^THE ARAB S TROTH. T. Hutchinson’s
A Vigorous NewBas* or Bn r Gone Song
A RIBBON AND A FLOWER. Bamby’s
‘ V Last anil most hmmtifnl Sons.
irSSTOM*™*.*. ('HOCOLAT MENIER in i lb. and i lb.
, Vy PACKETS.
LUNCHEON, and SUPPER.
/^HOCOLAT MENIER.—Awarded Twenty
Eight ... ..
PRIZE MEDALS.
(\UIMllUpU..n ;l 111 1 11 '111
exceeds 26,000 pan ll».
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Bold Everywhere.
1AELLE ETOILE VALSE. By Bonheur.
A-> Played by all the finest Bands
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POMPADOUR. (A Court Dance.)
Bv BOGOETTI.
“Suggestive of the stately minuet.”
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U SHIRTS.
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R. FORD
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L A
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DRESS SHIRTS.
Sixteeu different sizes. In the Finest Linen.
s T -
S T '
TVfASON and HAMLIN PIANOS.
A*A New System of Stringing.
Singing qiialitj of Tone.
MASON and HAMLIN PIANOS.
A“A New Drawiiig-r.Hm. Grand Piano.
M AS0N and HAMLIN PIANOS.
Just published.
1VXETZLER and CO..
AYl MUSIC PUBLISHERS,
MUSICAL INSTRUMENT IMPORTERS.
METZLER and CO.
AY-L 42, GREAT MARL
pASTORELLA. Waltz.
A By ConijMiser of “ My yt
piCK
CUMMER NIGHT IN MUNICH. Waltz.
By Composer of “ Dorothy."
(D
NEW SERIES OF ONE SHILLING BOOKS.
JAMES'S SONG-BOOKS.
Contain the best and prettiest songs.
12 Books, now ready.
\ JAMES’S SONG-BOOKS. Is. each.
Book I. contains now song* by Ciro Pinniti,
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omposer of " My giieea" Waltz.
i-A-BACK. Polka.
n poser of* P.and O." Polka.
ALFRED CEI.LIER.
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W M0RLEY and CO., 127, Regent-st., W. IJT'GIDIUS.—The only FLANNEL SHIRTS
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By Composer of “
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pHE GARDEN ORACLE
L AND
ILLUSTRATED FLOIlICULTURAL YEAR-BOOK.
By SHIRLEY HIBBKRB. F.U.H.S.. A-r.
LISTS of NEW GARDEN PLANTS and Decorative Novel-
^ SELECTIONS of the BERT SEEDS. PLANTS. FLOWERS.
QOCKLE’S
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piLLS.
Pari*, Maker* tt
. i tho Public that Pta.
: name of “ Erard" which .... ..... ... ...
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lot atul lu5. III shop-gate-wit hm. London, K.C.
T B. CRAMER and CO., 207 and 209,
• Regent-street. London. W., have a choice, selection of
upwards of inn SECONDHAND Grand, Oldi.pie, (’"ttnge.and
8*1 mire PIANOFORTES and PIANETTES, by the great
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Chamber, Cliai * ’ " ’ ”
American Org:... . .. . ....
their Three-Yenrs’ System.
! pOCKLES ANTIBILIOUS PILLS.
, FOR HEA
, A NEW and COMPLETE CATALOGUE of CHID SAMIIE-
i MUMS corrected mid filled up to the date of publication.
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k . Deprave,
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CHEAP EDITION OF MISS BRADDONS NOVELS.
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T IKE AND UNLIKE. A Novel. By the
1 J Author irf-Urty Aniller'i Sr-crel." “Vtsrn," 4c. ...
...* • e] i* by fsr tlic most effective of Miss
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HEARTBURN.
INVENTIONS EXHIBITIO N.—The
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TH0MA8 OETZMANN and CO.
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thn*e months. Packed free and forwarded.
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r 40. — BROADWOOD C 0 T T A G E
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improvement*.
THOMAS OETZMANN and CO., 27, Baker-street, London, W.
QOLDS
D R
^LKARAM. ^JOLDS.
^LKARAM. ^JOLDS.
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J F inhaled on the first symptoms. ALKARAM
THE “ TIR AUX PIGEONS.”
The?e Mutch:!, opened on Dec. 11, and will he continued
Dec. !9, ^^jJiJi/’^^ltNATlllNAI. COWOITRSR.
•* of Fifteen Matches begins <
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P AS TELL AM ARE.—Hotel Quisisana.
V DoMnnF.andCANNAVAt.K, who escaped destruction by the
* ” * • ’ Piccda Seutinella at Casamiccuda, fror*
’ -• ild clients at Cnstcllamare.
the earthqua ke, liopo t
L U C E R N E.— Hotels Schweizerhof and
Liiccmerliof. An extra floor and two new lift* added ,
to the Schwmerlinf. The electric light is supplied in the 500
rooms ; no charge for lighting
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“The hook of the^scii*on."-Vicnna News.
London Mr* ic^puihj r s \y (L ' 1,1 ' 1 eri
I Just published, demy 8vo, 40 ]»p., price Is.; post-free, 1*. Id.,
TYTACBETH AND LADY MACBETH ; An
| 1.Y-L Essay. By J. CO MY NS CAICIL
BICKERS ami Son. 1 . t -| --.jo;ti-i‘, W.C.
A BEAUTIFUL PRESENT.
"RIDING FOR LADIES. By Mta. P.
XV ODONOGHUE. ofi Illustrations by A. C. Corbonld.
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HdUMOURS OF THE BREAST. AND THEIR
X TREATMENT AND CUBE BY MEDICINES.
I By J. COMPTON BURNETT. M.D.
1 J. F.pra and Co., 170, Piccadilly -, and 48. ihi-eadncedle-street .
Is., post-free,
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1YJL recommended to English fninilie*. All modem comfort* ;
e of Mesii
r . Newbery and Sons l 1, King Edward-;
.. E.c! Climatic position.
A DVICE TO MOTHERS.-Are you broken
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Mrs. WINSLOW’S SOOTHING SYRUP. It will relievo the
poor sufferer immediately; it is perfectly harmless; it pro¬
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and the little clierub awake*“as bright as a button." Be sure
and ask f• »r Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup, and see that
“Curtis and Perkins. New York and London," is on the outside
wrapper. No tuotbeT should be without it. 8oldl»y all Medicine
Dealers, at is. I4d.
cleanse* partially-decayed teeth from all parasites or living
animalculop. leaving them pearly white, imparting a delight¬
ful fragrance to the breath. The Fragrant Floriline removes
instantly all odours arising from a foul stomach or tobacco
smoke ; being partly composed of honey, soda, and extracts of
sweet herbs and plants, it is perfectly delicious to the taste,
and as harmless a* sherry. Fold by Chemists and Perfumers
overj where, at 3*. 6d. per HotUe.
riiHE HIGHLANDS OF BRAZIL
A SANATORIUM, in one of (Ho BnoM Alt-the-ye.r-rrmml
i climates known. Inland, bracing, 23ffl>ft. above sea-level,
just within the Southern Temperate Zone; g«md summer
and winter alike; no change of residence forced on tlie
Invalid by the advance of the seasons. English society.
English church. The voyage from England or the United
State* is a favourite fair-weather ocean trip. Terms, in*, to
13s. per diem. Circular, with further mrticulars, from
Charles William Josckb, Es*|., 3», Drnry-bmhlings. Liver¬
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VALUABLE DISCOVERY for the HAIR.
V If your hair is turning grey, or white, or fisllnig off,
use "The Mexican Hair Rencwer." for it will positively
rPAtore in everv ca*c Grey or White Hair to itsoriginal colour,
the growth of tho lotir op litlcl **" ,1 pi
cilcmlnland Perfumers’Jvorrwhe*ro. at Sw per Bottle.
IMPORTABT NOTICE.
VOUR Income can stiB be Increased A2 to
Blerehth Edition, Is.; post-free, tl stroups,
rriIE HUMAN HAIR : Wly U Fjdls Ofi
1 or Turns Grey, ", n <? , l ^AT y u, , * KIS
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Tj 1 ITS. —EPILEPSY orFALLING SICKNESS.
1 The undersigned i* prepared to *eml F^atis a J«r
Phrh, London, for a fre.
copy. Be cured and happy.
792
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
DEC. 29, 1888
THE LADIES' COLUMN.
Something new in weddings was seen at the City Temple
the other day, when an American bridegroom married an English
bride, and the ceremony was conducted according to the peculiar
customs of a fashionable New York wedding. The bridal
party were played into church by the “ Wedding March ” from
“ Lohengrin,” the bride, who was dressed in white satin, with
front of silver brocade and real orange-blossoms, being led, as
19 usual, by her father. Behind her walked her sister alone,
bearing the title of “maid of honour.” Such an attendant is
es-vntial now at all fashionable American weddings, and her
fund ion is to give the bride all needful personal assistance,
bolding her bouquet and glove, and so on. When bride and
bridegroom pass into the chancel to the altar rails, the maid of
honour alone accompanies them, and kneels behind the bride.
Well, then came the ordinary six bridesmaids, dressed in white
cashmere, trimmed with swan’sdown ; but instead of their
walking in pairs alone, the groomsmen of old days were
revived under the American title of “ ushers,” and six of these
young gentlemen matched the six bridesmaids and walked
with them up the aisle. The best man and the maid of honour
formed another pair in leaving the church. In American
weddings, I am told, the “ushers " do not generally walk with
the bridesmaids, but lead the way into church and bring up
the rear coming out. During the ceremony, the groomsmen
formed a semicircle on the right hand of the bridegroom,
while the bridesmaids stood in another line at the bride’s left.
The recent marriages of the Duke of Marlborough. Mr.
Chamberlain, and Mr. Herbert (a son of Lady Herbert of Lea
and brother to Lord Pembroke), who have all taken to them¬
selves American wives within the past few months, have
aroused something like consternation amongst us. We have
no men to spare to these American enchantresses ; how do
they work their wicked spells to carry off our brethren? The
list of women born and “ raised ” in the States who are holding
important places in English society now, because married
to Englishmen of position, is something formidable to con¬
template. when it is remembered how seriously women out¬
number men in Eugland. Individually considered, certain of
the English husbands might not be grudged by their own
countrywomen to the fair Americans ; but, statistically speak¬
ing, it is impossible to be satisfied with this new fashion of
American invasion of our scantily-supplied preserves. With
what ammunition do they come supplied, these fair poachers
who make such bags.’
Thafcquestion has been submitted to the famous Mrs. Frank
Leslie, who, having spent the last two seasons in London
Society, may be presumed to know in what respects American
and English women differ from each other in ways and cha¬
racteristics. Her reply is that we make too much of our
men. look up to them too ostentatiously, and simply bore them
with too much attention. “ English girls arc dutiful daugh¬
ters and sweet, womanly women ; but they look up to men too
much, are too subservient, coddle and fuss over men till they
make them tired. In comes a bright, vivacious American girl.
8he orders the men about like the queen she is. They find her
cool disregard of their superiority refreshing; they admire
her vivacity ; they like the bright sparkling chatter of
American girls better than the serious thoughtful conversation
of their own more intellectual countrywomen. English girls
are far better educated than American girls ; but also less
lively and amusing.” So says the American lady ; and nn ex-
raember of the United States Legation in England who was
interviewed expressed much the same opinion. Only he added,
what is probably, after all, at the real root of the matter, that
American girls (speaking of the daughters of rich men) are
generally better dowered than English ones. He observed
quite accurately, and not a little severely, on the evils of the
custom which prevails in this aristocratic old country of con¬
centrating the money of a family on the eldest son, or, at all
events, on the sons, and leaving the daughters comparatively
poor. ’ “ An Englishman worth 500,000 dollars gives his
daughter 10,000 on her marriage and is called very generous ;
whereas an American father worth the same amount would
think 100,000 dollars none too much to bestow on his daughter.”
Well, there is the American explanation of the phenomenon.
I fear it will not help our girls much. Here women are
redundant—that is to say, women with small portions are—and
cannot but know it. If the poor, gentle, affectionate, house¬
wifely girl who has no prospect or hope but in marriage, and
feels no independence, no u queendom ” in her soul, should
vainly try to acquire the consequential and self-reliant air of
her American sister, her fate would probably be that of the
frog who emulated the ox. Because American women are
supported in their independence,” not only by the numerical
equality of the sexes, but by the favours of fortune. There is
the secret, I fear. An English heiress, after all, may be as inde¬
pendent and unsnbservient as she likes, but she will have her
chances of marrying well, never doubt it. But the unwritten
Salic law which prevails in our society, postponing the
daughters to the sons, makes our heiresses few in number. The
whole tone of American society seems to be different from
ours. Here, if there is not enough money to give both boys
and girls a good education, the girls must go unlearned—the
boys will-be preferred. Here, if there are not the means at
the father's disposal both to start his sons in life and to dower
his daughters, again the girls will be the sufferers. Then, on
the other hand, as Greville Murray said, “Nearly all the
younger sons of noble houses in England are matrimonial
adventurers.” Brought up with luxurious and extravagant
tastes, and with every inducement to be idlers and no notion
of real work, they are ultimately obliged to live on what is to
them a pittance, unless they can “marry money.” In America,
on the other hand, hardly any men are without some definite
occupation, hardly any boys are brought up to contemplate a
life of lounging ; and if a father has not a great fortune, so
as to give much to all his children, be will give the largest
share to the girls on the ground that the young men can
work, while the girls should not be obliged to do so. All
these things combine to make marriage far from a certainty
to well-born young English women, and encourage the intro¬
duction in their place of American brides into our upper-class
families.
Evidence of the interest felt in the position, work, and
capabilities of our sex is supplied by the frequency with which
papers discussing these points appear in the magazines and
reviews. The frank and scornful rudeness of some of these is
not altogether pleasant; but their very existence belies their tone.
It has been reserved for that enterprising and original monthly,
the Universal Review, to focus the opinions of women them¬
selves on the changestn woman’s position worked within living
memory. A series of articles on “ The Progress of Woman” was
begun in the November number of the Review, the subjects
being “In Politics.” by Mrs. Fawcett; “In Education,” by
Miss Clough, Principal of Newnham; “ In Literature,” by
Lucas Malet (the nom-de-plume of a daughter of the late Charles
Kingsley) ; and “ In Medicine.” by Mrs. Seharlieb. M.D. In the
December number the series is concluded with “ In College
Life,” by Miss M. Lacey ; “ In Legal Status,” by Mrs. Fenwick-
Miller ; and “ In Business,” by Miss Emily Faithfull. The Zfecord
of alteration in the tone of society and in law and in cuflBm
is a most striking one, and will probably startle many not
before familiar with the fact that we have lived through a
period of noiseless but mighty revolution. “ Progress,” indeed
there has been in the last five-and-twenty years—progress vast
and undeniable ; but whitherward—whether to greater happi¬
ness, goodness, and influence or whether to the reverse of all
these, we cannot certainly know. It will be known by onr
daughters of centuries hence.— Florence Fen wick-Miller.
THE BRITISH EMPIRE AND FEDERATION.
At the Bethnal-Green Free Library on Dec. 20 the Earl of
Aberdeen gave a lecture on “ The British Empire and Feder¬
ation.” Mr. George Howell, M.P., presided. In commencing
his lecture Lord Aberdeen said fie should divide his subject
into two parts—in the first place, treating of federation as
a principle and a system ; and, secondly, considering the
application of that great principle to the British Empire.
What was wanted by peoples was not concentration bnfc
consolidation. Federation was essentially pacific; it pro¬
moted peace and checked war. After tracing the gradual
development of the federation principle from the earliest
times, and analysing the circumstances connected with that
development, Lord Aberdeen brought his remarks to bear
on modern times. We never heard talk now, he said, of
the Colonies being separated from the mother country, as so
frequently happened only a few years ago. On the con¬
trary, the topic of the day was federation. It was a very
practical question. The colonists were our own kith and kin,
and it was not surprising that any soheme for bringing the
Colonies and this country into closer and firmer connection
should be popular. Then there was the question of increased
security that federation would ensure, thus improving the
chances of peace and maintaining the prosperity of the com¬
merce between the Colonies and Great Britain. The concluding
portion of the lecture consisted of an interesting account of a
recent visit to Australia made by Lord and Lady Aberdeen.
The proceedings closed with a hearty vote of thanks to the
lecturer. _
Two hundred and twenty volumes of the Record Com.
mission’s publications have been presented to the Bar Library
at the Royal Courts of Justice, which, though only established
in June, 1884, now contains over 8000 volumes.
A handsome coffee-house, erected at a cost of about £25,000,
was opened at Leicester on Dec. 20 by the Duchess of Rutland.
The building has been designed by Mr. Burgess, of London.
This is the twelfth house opened at Leicester.
The tenth festival dinner of the friends of the East London
Hospital for Children was held at Willis’s Rooms on Dec. 20,
Mr. C. A. Prescott (vice-chairman of the board of management)
in the chair. Subscriptions were announced amounting to
nearly £2000.
The marriage of Lord Moreton, son of the Earl of Ducie,
with Ada Margarette, eldest daughter of Mr. Dudley Robert
Smith, of Pierbright, Surrey, took place in St. Peter’s Church,
Eaton-square, on Dec. 18. Mr. Nigel Fitzhardinge Kingscoie
acted as best man ; and the bride was attended to the altar by
six bridesmaids—the Misses Beatrice, Muriel, and Cicely Smith
(her sisters), Miss Oakley and Miss Clara Macdonald Moreton
(cousins of the bridegroom), and Miss Leveson Gower. The
bride was led to the chancel by her father.
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Fine Gold Pencil-Case Bangle, price JC2 58.
Ditto, In Silver, 7s. Gd.
Fine Gold and Pearl “ Initials ” Brooch,
Two Lotion, 24s., as drawn.
With a Single Letter only, 17s. 6d.
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GOODS FORWARDED INTO THE COUNTRY ON AFPRObItIoT
Illustrated Pamphlets o/ Prises sent, gratis and post-free, to all parts of the teorld.
1s, re THR0ATS-^§r S! t 1/bl
Prepared wily by ELUMAN SOWStCiSloiitflElie
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„ “ W. P. HEATON,
.31, Eastbourne-road, Stamford-hlll, London.
Apnl XI, 1888.”
The Hon. Sec. of a Local Centre of the N.C.U. writes:—
“ A few weeks ago I went for a twenty-four hours’
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.Hiring the Journey I was advised by a friend to try your
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THE
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794
TIIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
THE PLAYHOUSES.
Dramatic London is on the tip-toe of expectation as to the new
readings of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Mr. Henry Irving and
Miss Ellen Terry are to give at the Lyceum revival of fthak-
speares tragedy on the 20th of December. Meanwhile, by a
happy arrangement, Covent-Garden and Drury-Lane Theatres
are again devoted to different classes of amusement, though
each is so exceptionally bright and attractive in ita way that
hosts of holiday folks are pretty certain to throng both houses
throughout the Christmas Holidays, and, in the case of Drury -
Lane. long after the little people who rule the roost at this
season have gone back to school. At the Theatre Royal
Covent Garden. Mr. W. Freeman Thomas and Messrs. Hengler
have united to produce a signally grand Circus entertainment,
which should be the delight of children for many and many
an afternoon and evening to come. In addition to an unusually
large number of “ goddesses in gauze,” the management has
engaged those wonderfully docile and well-trained colossal
performers. Mr. Lockhart’s troupe of acrobatic elephants; an
astonishingly novel ursine equestrian; a Btrong company of
diverting clowns, with “Whimsical Walker,” one of the
very drollest and quaintest of his tribe, at their head ; “ bare¬
backed ” rid ere who perform daring acts of equitation ; besides
masters and mistresses of la haute eadr to witch London with
noble horsemanship.
Numerous as have been the pantomimic, or, rather, spec-
ocular successes of Mr. Augustus Harris at Drarv-Lane, it
will be generally acknowledged that he has capped them all
with his tenth and most resplendent, “ The Babes in the
Wood ; and. Robin Hood and his Merry Men,” which the
enterprising lessee has written and arranged in collaboration
with Mr. E. L. Blanchard and Mr. Harry Nicholls. The quaint
novelty of the richly-diversified Procession and Ballet of Toys
and Games, and the rare beauty and unrivalled magnificence
of the Procession and Ballet of Birds demand a longer
description than can be given to these charming and
alluring ehef d'cetttret in a necessarily brief first review of the
Christmas productions. As feasts of colour, they are unique.
Especially bewitching is the marvellous regiment of well-
marshalled coryphees garbed as birds with every imaginable
kind of plumage. There are seductive pigeons in grey, blue
and scarlet parrots, cockatoos in white, lyre birds and birds of
paradise whose silks and feathers must be worth a king's
ransom, flamingos, ostriches, kingfishers, canaries, blackbirds,
and innumerable other specimens of the feathered tribe,
attired with a harmony of colour worthy a Chevreuil. It
is a delight to watch the manoeuvres of this superlatively
beautiful array of birds; and there can be little doubt
people will go again and again to Drury-Lane to witness
this unparallelled Bird Ballet alone. It is in this enchant¬
ing scene—after graceful ASnea has indulged in several
flights to “the flies’’—that the exceedingly droll pair of
“ Babes," Mr. Harry Nicholls and Mr. Herbert Campbell, dance
a mirth-moving pa* dr deux that fills the house with laughter.
Where Robin Hood (Miss Harriet Vernon) comes in is in her
sweethearting scenes with Maid Marian (Miss Florence Dysart).
The songs of this couple, music by that admirable young con¬
ductor and composer, Mr. Walter Slaughter, are notably
melodious. They have, of course, a Good Fairy to watch over
them and make them happy at last. It will be, how¬
ever, next to the incomparable Ballet of Toys and Ballet
of Birds (the masterpieces of Mr. Augustus Harris
and Madame Katti Lanner). the humours of Mr. Harry
Nicholls and Mr. Herbert Campbell as the grotesquely
comic “ Babes in the Wood,” and to the excellent pan¬
tomime of Mr. Charles Lnuri, jun., as the nimble and
knowing pug-dog, that will afford most gratification to the
laughter-loving pit and gallery. Mr. Harry Payne, our most
popular clown, remains King of the Harlequinade, and has
this year provided fresh food for mirth, especially in “The
down's Dream,” with its rollicking shadow pantomime, and
quick transformation to a boat on the ocean. “ The Babes in
the Wood,” upon which Mr. Harris must have spent a small
fortune—a great share going to the remarkably expensive
plumage dresses in the Bird Ballet—should prove the most
potent in attractive power of any spectacle he has produced.
Admirers of pantomime will also find fare to suit their
palates in the exceptionally elegant version of “ Cinderella,”
by Mr. Horace Lennard. at the Crystal Palace; in Mr.
Geoffrey Thorn’s smart edition of the same nursery story at
the Grand, rightly called “Sweet Cinderella" there, as the
over-charming heroine is cleverly impersonated by vivacious
Dot Mario ; in the revival for matinees of Mr. Savile Clarke’s
delightful fairy piece, “ Alice in Wonderland.” at the Globe
(where Mr. Richard Mansfield has in the evening resumed the
performances of “ Prince Karl ”) : and in another winsome
children’s play. “ Little Goody Two-Shoes,” given at the Court
Christmas matinees. The mirth-inspiring “ Faust Up to
Date’” of Messrs. Sim9 and Pettifct has been brightened with
new songs, and by the addition of Miss Violet Cameron to the
cast. The Surrey tells again the tale of “ The Forty Thieves ” ;
and at the Britannia Mrs. Lane mounts “The Magic Dragon.”
“The Silver Falls” met with a rapturous reception at the
Adelphi on Dec. 22 ; and the adroit joint authors, Mr. George
R. Sims and Mr. Henry Pettitfc, as well as Messrs. A. and S.
Gatti. appeared highly pleased when they were applausively
called before the curtain at the close of this remarkably
powerful and exciting new melodrama. The redcoats and
bluejackets, of whom there had been rather a surfeit at the
Adelphi, are not “in it’’this time. “The Silver Falls” is.
indeed, peculiarly acceptable by reason of the freshness of its
picturesque local colour, three of the four acts taking place in
Mexico. The strong story opens in England—on the lawn of
a pretty riverside villa at Richmond. Hither Eric Norman-
hurst (Mr. William Terriss) has brought his handsome bride
Lola (Miss Olga Xetbersole),and the enamoured young husband
gallantly defends her reputation against the impeachment of
his uncle. Lord Avondale, till Eric is convinced by irrefragable
proof that he has married a designing adventuress of the basest
character. The audience is let into this secret before the
deceived husband, being privileged to witness the stolen inter¬
views the wily Mexican woman of the world has with the
false friend of Eric, Dick Redmayne, who levies blackmail
from her, and also with her passionate Mexican lover, the
refugee embezzler, Marcos Valles, whose mistress she had
formerly been. Forsaking Lola and leaving England,
Eric Normanhurafc seeks a new life in the sunny mining
village of Santa Rosa, Mexico, where rough but good-
hearted miners of the type of Bret Harte’s “ Poker
Flat,” as ready with a kind action as they are with a revolver,
foregather at the shanty of that good-humonred “ Universal
Provider,” Jack Slingsby. It is at Santa Rosa that Eric, well-
nigh done for by falling over a precipice, is nursed back to
life and love by fair and gentle Primrose Easterbrook (Miss
Millward), as captivating a heroine as one would wish to see,
in her neat green Zouave jacket, pale primrose skirt, and pink
sash. Charmingly natural and poetical as are the love-scenes
between Eric and Primrose (who are married after Marcos
Valles has informed him of Lola’s death in New Orleans),
these sympathetic episodes are eclipsed by the
brought about by the sudden appearance of
in Eric’s new home on the night of his
ding. When Mr. Terriss has thoroughly familiarise^fl^B
with the emotional requirements of this strongly-dramatic
scene, and the full tide of passion is thoroughly devewE
lictween the agonised husband and the woman he had Mod
reason for deserting, the effect of this moving meeting
cannot fail to be enhanced. The piece is brought to
a stirring close by the murder of Lola by Maroon
Valies, aud by the happy reunion of Eric and Primrose
near the radiantly bright cascade of “ The Silver Falls.” Miga
Olga Nethcrsole made another step in advance as the fascin
ating adventuress, Lola ; Mr. Charles Cartwright imparted to
the romantic character of Marcos Valles a life and fire that
materially helped the piece; whilst Mr. Terriss and Miss
Millward, Mr. J. D. Beveridge and Mr. J. L. Shine, Mr. Royce
Carleton and Miss Clara Jecks, Miss A. Dairolles, Mr. J. Caroe
and Mr. .James East filled their parts with characteristic ability’
The Thames tableau by Mr. Walter Johnstone and the bright
Mexican scenes by Mr. Bruce Smith could not be excelled
for beauty. “ The Silver Falls ” is a golden success.
Sir Arthur Sullivan has accepted the office of conductor of
the Leeds Musical Festival to be held in October next.
Earl Fitzwilliam has intimated his intention of returning
20 per cent to his agricultural tenants on the Malton estate.
Sir Horace Davey, Liberal, has been returned to Parliament
for Stockton-on-Tee9 by a majority of 395 over Mr. Wrightson
the Conservative candidate.
Dr. Stubbs was on Dec. 24 elected Bishop of Oxford by the
Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, after morning service in
the cathedral.
The Queen has approved of the appointment of the Earl of
Kintoreto be Governor of South Australia, on the retirement
of Sir William C. F. Robinson, G.C.M.G. ; and of the appoint¬
ment of Sir Henry Arthur Blake, K.C.M.G., to be Governor of
Jamaica.
It has been decided in the Court of Appeal that trust money
intended for missions to poor beatben, who have no means of
getting religious instruction for themselves, is money given
for a “charitable purpose,” and is, therefore, not subject to
income tax.
A two days’ conference of the head-masters of public schools
was held on Dec. 20 and 21 at Winchester. The conference
discussed the subjects of competitive examinations, entrance
and other scholarships, the introduction of modern languages
and natural science into the Universities, and kindred topics.
Princess Christian, president of the Princess Helena
College for Girls, at Ealing, visited the college on Dec. 20 and
distributed the prizes gained by the students during the year;
and on the same day Princess Mary Adelaide opened a new
mission hall at the Victoria Docks, which has been erected at
the cost of Louisa Lady Ashburton in connection with her
evangelical mission in that populous district.
DEATH.
On Doc. 18. at Oran. Algeria, Lieutenant-Colonel William Laurence
Twentynmn, Into of 1st Royal Dragoons and 18th aud 19th Hussars, elder
son of tho Into William Holmo Twentyman, J.P. and D.L., of Ihiveusworth,
SL John's-wood-park, N.W., agod 55.
The charge for the insertion of Births , Marriages, aud Deaths,
is Five Shillings.
SE ARGOSY for JANUARY.
'HE ARGOSY. THE VILLAGE
E W YEARS GIFTS
JJODRIGUES', 42, PICCADILLY.
- FOR TIIF. WRfTISO-TABt.E AND ROI'DOIR,
llll.ltillKI) B1IAS-. »MIII/CI> S] I.V Kit. null CHINA.
Bridal Bouquet Bloom
ROBINSON l CLEAVER’S LINEN
COLLARS AND CUFFS.
Price-Lists and Samples, post-free.
ii ROBINSON l CLEAVER, BELFAST.
ED, PIN AUDI
I PARIS, 37 ,B^deStrasbouTg: jj
PH PTWATim Celebrated Perlumes I
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K, slightest danger have led to tho further discovery of a
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ALFRED 11. FKAIICF.S CHINA ' " ‘
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I Morocco, with Hall-marked fttcrhng dikor Fin mgs,
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TXORTRAIT ALBUMS at RODRIGUES’. I
* Ki:’ ;'| .M K\ t'w. AN I l" 1*!« B®? ATH™'A L HU MS. ° ' |
dodrigues’ monograms.
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1 RnilV'.-.iUi/mii* fnmi original nnd Artistic D««ig>»'.
n> Yni KNVKLOPlW. l-rillmntly illmmrmtitl !•)
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beat'
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« A w DOCTOR WILL TELL YOU ”
A r T. liter r,.,ml. Medicine than K RATI NO'S
tli' ," Mit nneo; they wiir nn ,j *imple*t drugs.
asbsarws-f-fi* <■ !'■-
VURSES (MAL E).-The Hamilton
A-v Association for Providing Trained Male Nurses.22, South
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Persons who suffer from a Chronic In¬
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-000 SILK UMBRELLAS, 2s. (id. each,direct
from the manufacturer. Ladle#' or Geiit* Pjai"
.Silk. PARKER'S hidlov riM-ed framos: iicmiuLd!) caneo
H ot min
- Daily yield
MINERAL SPRINGS OF BATH-
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In the worst attack of ASTHMA, COUGH,
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short breath, find them invaluable, as they
instantly check the spasm, promote sleep,
and allow the patient to pass a good night.
They are perfectly harmless, and may be
smoked by ladles, children, and most deli¬
cate patients. In Boxes of 39 Cigarettes,
7 6. from all Chemists and Stores. Each
genuine box bears the name, WILCOX and
CO., 839, Oxford Street, London. Post-free.
Q.OLDEN HAIR.—Robare s AUREOLINE
Warra^SivrfcctlyhsrinVeU! 0 ^Price SK.'od.^nnd iw. eWLoTinil'
principal Perfumer* and Chemists ibronghmit the world.
,h“ hive 11 b^f recent ifyn'laridVVjwi^S
One nf tUegrontest bygl^ic^SWgJJMra
. 1)1 mclm'wit P I }hyri< »uMiti'm ^i
TAYLOR'S CI MOL ITE # toon
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TAYLOR, chemist, is.Bsker-a treet- norni -
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Nib. Delicious, nutritious, easily digested, and of great economy, a Sixpenny Packet yielding
noTr+nn-f- f'r\rtnr\
fourteen large breakfast cups of perfect Cocoa.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
TIME-CHECKING
MACHINES.
NO <'VER-PA.YME.STS.
NO ERRORS.
NO DISPUTES.
ABSO LUTE ACCfBACT.
OH EAT ECONOMY.
I CHECKS OVERTIME WORKED.
In Uratinn, Counting, anil Clockwork
mechanism a specialty.
HOW MAXT DO YOU WANT
TO CHECK!
UfYE.YTIONS PERFECTED.
PATENTS OBTAINED
ILEWELLAN MACHINE CO..
r BRISTOL.
Jl .breathe* 4 fragrance. '
SWEET SCENTS
1 LOXOTIS OPOPONAX
L FRANGIPANNI PSIDIUM i
\ May be obtained o /
V 0/ any Chemist or Ay* £
Perfumer. /
PETER ROBINSON’S
UMBRELLAS,
VTOURNING ORDERS during the
£M jE wil1 l>o 8iii»|)liocl at the samo cheap
COURT AND FAMILY MOURNING AND
BLACK GOODS WAREHOUSE,
256, REGENT-STREET, LONDON.
THE STOCK-TAKING SALE,
AT GREATLY REDUCER PRICES,
will commence on the
FIRST MONDAY IN JANUARY,
and will continue during the month.
GENUINE BARGAINS will he offered in
each Department. The whole of the Stock
has been re-marked to very low prices purposely
•- for this Sale. Those ladies who kindly pay an
early visit can secure remarkably cheap goods.
ATTENTION IS INVITED to the Superior
1 and Elegant Mantles and Jackets recently
, imported. Also to the Superb Silk and Material
Costumes, Evening Dresses, Oj>era Cloaks, Beaded |
Bodices, Tea-Gowns, Underclothing, See. Silks by ,
the yard ; also Velvets, Plushes, both plain, striped,
and brocaded, will be sold wonderfully cheap. All |
black and grey materials are considerably reduced
■ the in price. The beautiful stock of French Millinery
cheap Bonnets, just imported,also Crape Bonnets, will be
n am.? Hold very cheap. Gloves, Hosiery, Umbrellas, Neck-
r'frce Fichus, rich stock of Trimmings, Fnrs,
Iomer] Fur Capes, Muffs, Fur-lined Cloaks, Fur Visites—
igram, a jj w ju y, e 0 ff ere( i a fc extremely low prices.
W SEE THIS NAMEIScfip ^
f^EVERY UMBRELLA FRAME YOU BUY ^
S.FOX&’C?Limited
KPATENTEES&SOLE MANUFACTURERS 0FAU?i
I^TERI INC IMPROVEME NTS INUMBREUAERAMESjl
. 77 V e/vn-Mie flESsD
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, have
added to their celebrated frames
decided improvements (protected by
Letters Patent) which give increased
Stability and greater Neatness to the
Umbrella.
SAMUEL FOX & Co., Limited, manu¬
facture the Steel specially lor all
their frames and are thus able to
provide exceptional quality at a
merely nominal price over inferior
makes.
PETER ROBINSON
MOURNING WAREHOUSE,
REGENT-STREET, LONDON.
FOIL INFANTS AND INVALIDS,
FOOD.
KROPP RAZOR
, The GREAT REMEDY ,
BLAIR’S for 60UT ’ BHBDM -
ATISM, SCIATICA,
LUMBAGO,
and NEURALGIA.
GOUT
RHEUMATIC
PILLS.
MODERN SHOT GUNS.
M By W. W. GREENER.
ih
V “ Written for sportsmen, it is a
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only Dentifrice approved !|
BY THE I
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The best preventative of toothache I
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fjr tuc preservation of Hie leeth. I
OF AM. PEUFUUBKS, CHEMISTS, BTC I
USE
FRY’S
PURE GONCENTRATEO
COCOA
To oeouro thl« Artlole, P>°“« »» k for
••yry'. Pur. Ooneentr.tod Coco.,"
1.11. „UbMd 10 thooo wtoK
PEARLS DIRECT FROM THEIR PEARLING FLEET
18 NEW BOND S1W.
REDFERN.
MONDAY, DEC. 31,
AND CONTINUING
^ ^ FQR TWQ WEE|(S
PREVIOUS TO STOCKTAKING,
OF ALL THEIB ORIGINAL MODELS IK
GOWNS, COATS, ULSTERS,
MANTLES, WRAPS, & MACINTOSHES,
I Will be offered for Sale at such Prices as will command a speedy
clearance. Also a quantity of CLOTH, IK LENGTHS, suitable
to make into Garments.
26 & 27, CONDUIT-STREET, j ...
Cammiivieatint, teilh LONDON, W.
I 27 , NEW BOND-STREET, ) _
THE Every yard bears the name “ LOUIS, v and
it a n 111 n f) the wear of every yard, from the cheapest
I 1 1 I I I \ quality to the best, is guaranteed. Ladies
L w vf I U should write for Samples of the New Shades
■ I ■■ | ■ | h ■■ h h ■ a to THOS. WALLIS and 00., Holborn-circus,
If LI M L| L L l\| London, E.C., who supply all shades and all
|f L L If L I Lb L 111 ■ qualities at most reasonable prices.
WHY you SHOULD u $ e SCOTT'S EMULSION
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IT IS USED AND ENDORSED BY PHYSICIANS BECAUSE IT IS THE BEST.
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—2.
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NOVELTIES
BOYS’ 1
PA
At the Christ¬
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Seasons. Messrs. Samuel
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unique display of High-Class Novelties,
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SYDENHAM HOUSE, 65 and 67, LUDGATE-HILL, LONDON
TWO CHRISTMAS EVES.
t» «p jaj the corner of the mar-
g Vf / ket-square in the an-
a _ V*V c ' eI1 ^ town of 8t. Ives,
|rX ^ Cornwall, there stands
11 JR a picturesque old
I f hostelry called the
■ , \ 1 “ GoldenLion.” Until
I 1 ^—— : ^ quite lately it had for
Wfa BsSpMElpBi»^ _^a its near neighbour an
W ^ .rf&MSf inn equally pictur-
xM fm jSGSSgMf esque, and perhaps
__ even older, the “ George
and Dragon.” Both
> L. j— these ancient houses
--- - ■ - 0 , entertainment must
have witnessed many
strange events, besides being the scene of many a jovial
drinking bout after the gathering in of the “harvest of the
sea,” or at the less lawful landing of a contraband cargo, or
at the end of a successful privateering expedition. For all
these things your Cornish man hath an excellent relish. On
this spot was the palladium of the liberties of St. Ives, for here
stood the whipping-post, the cage, and the stocks. The
George and Dragon must hare been the fashionable hostel, for
after the Cornish Pilgrimage of Grace the King's Commis¬
sioner, Sir Anthony Kingston, lodged here, and entertained at
dinner the Portreeve of St. Ives, whom he afterwards politely
hanged in the market-square for his treasonable practices.
Here, also, the Duke of Bolton, when he visited the town in
1699, “ was treated with six bottles of sack.” The two houses
stood so close together—being divided only by the narrow
street leading into the market-square—that the occupants
could wish each other good-morning from the windows.
In the days of George II. Peter Hexel was landlord of the
George and Dragon, and John Renowden ruled the Golden
Lion. They were not only neighbours, but fast friends.
There was, perhaps, something in the similarity of the
circumstances of these two men that strengthened their
friendship. They were both widoweTs, and each had an
only child. Bichard Hexel was a handsome, strapping fellow
of three-aud-twenty. Mary Renowden was nineteen, and
the pride of her father’s heart. As children they had
played together; but there came a time when they only
looked and smiled and nodded to each other from the
opposite windows. Then Richard would watch for Mary
when she went out, and would follow her into the fields or
on the seashore; and so it came to be at length another
version of the old, old story, which surprised nobody—least of
all the landlords of the George and Dragon and the Golden
Lion, who looked forward to the time when the interests of
both those ancient establishments should become one and
indivisible.
But there was one person who watched the growing
affection of the lovers with a bitter and jealous heart. This
•" :l'l>
• •' fiiuminiii.nimuDijj ijjj i
“Thou chin-scraping scoundrel! how
durst thou rake that matter up in my presence ? I ’ll drive my staff down thy throat tor prating of matters beyond thy harbor’s brain I"
TWO CHRISTMAS EVES.— [Drawn bt A. Fobestieb.]
1
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—2
would not be a true love-story, according to the ancient and
regular pattern, had there been nothing to interrupt its
•mouth ami even course. A certain Thomas ('hamper, the tarn
of a mine-tii,aster in the nciuliboiiriu? parish of Zennor, had
long lo.tk.sl with longing eyes on Mary lteuowden. His visits
were discouraged by the host of the Holden Lion, and Mary
herself made it very plain that she disliked his attentions.
Nothing could c.triad the bitterness of his feelings when
Chatnpi r found that he was rejected in favour of one who
had hem his successful rival from boyhood. Richard Hexel
hail “ taken him dmvn ” ut school—in the wrestling bouts at
‘* Keu-teuride " hail thrown him in tho “ Cornish hug,” and
hal constantly snatched the victory from him in the game of
11 hurling." All these defeats he had endured with comparat¬
ive indifference, but to be beaten in the game of love was
not so easy to hear. 1 le watched the lovers in their walks, till
he felt lie could do anything, short of murder, to get his rival
out of the wav. He thought if Herd were once removed
from the scene, he might yet sneered with Mary, trusting
to time and the chapter of accidents. About this timo
the fiovenmieut declared war against Spain, and it was
certain that men would be wanted for tho Navy. If the
King’s ships could not be manned by other means, the press-
gangs would be out, and tliev would first of all try their luck
nt the seaports. What if they should visit St. Ives ! It was
not unlikely—and they would be glad of a hint where good
men ware to lie found. Thomas Ohamper turned this matter
over in liis mind till he persuaded himself that he would be
doing good service to the State, and furthering his owp
interests nt the same time, if he could lend a helping hand in
manning the Navy, provided always he could himself keep
out of the way, for he had no desire to serve his country on
board a man-of-war. He was full of such thoughts when he
made one of his periodical journeys to Falmouth on mining
business, and sought out a certain “ crimp,” or ngeut for
entrapping seamen for the press-gang. What he did there,
or wliat arguments lie used to advance his plans, we need not
impure, hut the “ crimp" was richer by some pounds at the
termination of the interview.
It was Christmas F,ve, and the good people of St. Ives
were preparing to keep the festival with due honour. The
usual excitement of the season had been increased in the
course of the afternoon by the appearance of a sloop-of-war
which anchored in flic bay, and it was expected that some of
the oilierrs and crew would come ashore to join in the general
merrymaking. After dark a band of mummers entered the
market-square,anil, stopping in frontof theGeorgeand Dragon,
commenced the performance of the Christmas drama of “St.
George.” Soon a large crowd was collected, and the noise
brought to the doors anil windows of the houses most of the
persons who were within, including the frequenters of a little
club which met at the George and Dragon and the Golden Lion
alternately.
In the midst of a terrific combat between St. George and the
Turkish knight there was a commotion among the crowd, and
a party of armed sailors appeared, headed by a tall follow,
who, flourishing a naked cutlass, cried, “ In the King’s name!”
The crowd at once broke away amid the screams of women
and erics of “ The Press 1 the Press '. ” The sailors made a dash
at some of the younger men in the crowd, and among those
they secured was Richard llexcl, who was standing ut his
father’s door. The party then retreated with their captives,
closely followed by the crowd, crying, “ Down with the press-
gang 1> ■ wn with them! ’ ’ More than once the sailors were so
hard pressed that those in the rear had to tnm and make a stand
in the narrow streets, and a serious conflict was threatened. But
they readied their boats witli the men they laid captured, and
at daylight next morning the tloop-of-war in the bay had
disappeared.
That night there was much wailing among the women of
St. Ives, and a fruitful subject of talk was afforded to the flub
at the George anti Dragon. Among the members of this club
were Captain Tremvitli, n retired oflieer of tlie Navy, wlio had
sailed with Admiral ilenbow, and had lost a leg in the service
of his count ij*; Mr. Matthews, ropemnker and Mayor of St.
Ives; old Will Nance, who had once been a smuggler, and
who wore a patch over his left eye, which had been knocked
out in some encounter with revenue officers ; and, Instly, John
Tacknbiid, the town barber, who, although occupying u lower
social position, was allowed to associate after business hours
with the men whose wigs ho dressed in the morning. But tho
barber was in a lvalu e of his time, and held opinions which
Captain Trenwitli and the Mayor thought little less than
treasonable. John Tin kahiixl lves, ill fact, a Democrat; and on
the present occasion he was loud in his denunciation of the
press-gang, which lie said was contrary to Magna Cliarta nnd
the Bill til' Rights—a tyrannical and unconstitutional violation
of the libt rtv of tile subject, find showed that we were auction
of down-trodden slaves, writhing under the iron heel of
despotism.
" Where,” said he, waving a newspaper he held in his
hand, “ where are onr boasted liberties, when the hirelings of
a corrupt Government can thrust themselves into our houses
nnd carry off our sons nnd brothers, and force them to fight in
the unholy quarrels of Kings nnd their unscrupulous Ministers?
How long are we to be chained to the cliariot-wheels of a
bloodthirsty oligarchy? How long”—
“Tut, tilt’." interposed Cnptnin Trenwith with warmth.
“ Stop thv palaver, JolniTiickabird. The King must have men
for his ships."
“Men for his whips. Captain Trenwith!” retorted the
barber; “let the King get them by fair and holiest means,
anti then he will perchance have men who will stick to their
colours, nnd not run awav os some of Admiral Beubow’s ships
did in the West Indies:”
This was a tore subject with Captain Trenwitli, who could
endure no slur on the British Navy, and who lmd himself been
an oflieer on board Admiral llenbow’s sliipnt tlic time referred
to. Tho barber felt he had gone too far, but the mischief was
done.
The Captain rose from his sent, liis face purple with
rage. “Thou d-d chili-scraping scoundrel! liow durst
thou take that m dler up in my presence? I ’ll drive my staff
down thy throat for prating ot matters beyond thy barber’s
Brain ! ”
“ Xar, nnv. Cap’ll,” eriod Will Nance; “ let John Tacka-
liird be.' Mavhap he hath spoken unwisely, but ’t is well
known Cap'll Wade and I'ap’n Kirby were shot at riymnuth
ford - rting the Admiral."
'• Yes." said ('upturn Trenwitli, resuming liis sent, Ins anger
h iving pa-'e .| nwav a< suddenly ns it came—” yes, and shoot¬
ing was to., good for (hem. They ought to have been hanged
at the ear. 1-aim and so should some others that I wot of! ”
here lie looked hard at the ei-n.raut smuggler.
“Well, blitresumed the barber, whose tongue must
needs Wag in spite of liis fear of the Captain—” touching this
mutter oAlie press-gang"-
" I 'll hear no inoro on’t," cried Captain Trenwith : “ t is
til every fool’s mouth that one volunteer is worth ton pressed
men but I have m n pressed men fight as bravely as the
lxist-und as tor Admiral Ilenbow, he fought liis ship like s
hero, nnd died the death of a gallant old sea-dog as he was.
If some of liis men left him in tho lurch, enough remained to
save the honour of England. But hark ye, John Tackabird,
let me warn thee that there be some matters lmd better be
forgotten."
At that moment, a steaming bowl of punch being
brought in, all further unpleasantness disappeared under
its soothing influence. The party, which now included
Peter Hexel and John RcnowdeD, drew in their chairs,
and the former proceeded to fill the glasses of his
guests with a silver punch - ladle that had a guinea let
into the bottom of it. As it was not yet known that
young Hexel was one of the pressed men, there was nothing
to cloud their enjoyment. A visit from the press-gang was
too common an occurrence in seaport towns in those days
to excite much remark, save among those who were the
immediate sufferers. Captain Trenwith said lie would take
upou himself to propose a toast, which he hoped no one
present would refuse to drink. The King of England
liad declared war against Spain, and, as the Spaniards hod
seized all the British ships in their harbours, he thought the
sooner they closed with the enemy the better. He begged to
propose the health of King George and success to the British
arms. If they lived to see another Christmas Eve ho doubted
not they would be able to say tlic honour of England had been
well maintained. As the punch was exceeding good, and had
put much heart into every man of the company, the toast was
drunk with great enthusiasm. Even John Tackabird smacked
his lips with satisfaction.
“ It hath been reported,” said Will Nance, “that Admiral
Vernon is gone as Commander-in-Chief to the West Indies,
and that he swears to take rortobello on the Spanish
Main, even if he hath no more than six ships wherewith to
do it.”
“ I know not how that may be,” said the incorrigiblebarber.
“ If he has only pressed men to bock him, I doubt it.”
With an ominous glance at the last speaker, Captain Tren¬
with cut the matter short. “ Wcshallsec,” saidhe. “When’tis
done we shall doubtless hear on't—but what noise is that out-
Bide? What now,Tom Champcr? What's amiss?"
“There’s much amiss, Captain Trenwith,” said young
Champer, who now entered the room. “ Dick Hexel is among
the pressed men. Ho was seen in the last boat when they put
off from the shore.”
“What! my son taken by the press-gang! ” cried Peter
Hexel, starting to his feet. “ ’Zounds 1 I ’ll not believe it—
there must be some mistake.”
“ I fear there is no mistake,” said Champer; and there
was a gleam of satisfaction on his face, which he fried to
conceal with a pretended look of coneem. “There be
those outside wlio saw him carried off, and the officer
swore ho would fink the first boat that dared to go nigh the
ship.”
Old Hexel hurried out, followed by John Renowden.
“ If the lad is really pressed,” said Captain Trenwith, “ I
hope he will remain in the service. Sure I am ho won’t disgrace
it. No lad of spirit should refuse to serve his country when
old England’s enemies are afoot. But come, sit down, Tom
Champer, nnd help us to finish the punch.”
Will Nance, who was already “ three sheets in the wind,”
ns he would himself have expressed it, boisterously inquired of
Champer how it was that he himself had escaped capture by
the press-gang.
“ Thou art a likely lad enough,” said he, “ and would swab
a deck as well as another.”
“ I was not in the town,” answered Champer. “ I have
but now walked over from Zennor.”
“ Ah 1 ” cried Nance, with a drunken wink at the rest of
the company, “ trust a Zennor man to take care of himself.
They’re a wise folk in their gen-er-en-eration. They know
why the cow ate the bell-rope.”
“Just ns St. Ives folk know why they whipped the hake,”
retorted Champer, angrily.
The Captain interposed. “Come, come,” said he, “no
more cross words on Christmas Eve. ’Tie near midnight.
You and I, Mr. Mayor, must set a good example by appearing
in church to-morrow morning, so let us jog homewards.”
The Mayor crossed the room with a devious gait. “ Your
shervnr.t, t'ap’n Tien’tli. Shrrvnnt, Sir—happy to ’t'nd
you,” and ihc Mayor of St. Ives solemnly staggered after
Captain Trenwith, who stumped away on his wooden leg,
escorted by his b.aek servant carrying a lantern. The rest of
the company also departed, and the George and Dragon was
left in solitude and darkness. But lights were burning in the
Golden-Lion long after midnight. Three anxious hearts were
there holding communion, and vainly trying to find a way out
of the trouble that had come upon them.
Afler the first shock of grief for the loss of her lover was
over, Mnrv Renowden dried her tears and reviewed the situa¬
tion witli a strength of mind nnd a coolness of judgment that
astonished her father and Peter Hexel.
“ Dick will return after a time,” she said; “lam sure he
will. He is strong and brave, and has always been lucky.
Perhaps lie will do something that will make his name famous,
and then we shall all be proud of him.”
Cheered bythis hopeful spiritof hers, thctwooldmenplucked
up their hearts, and all three appeared in their usual plnceB at
church on Christmas Day. Alter service, ns they stood in the
churchyard gazing rather wistfully over the sea, they were
joined by Tlionms Cbamper, who wished them a “ Merry
Christmas! ” and uttered some clumsy expressions of con¬
dolence about Richard Hexel. lie had heard, he said, that the
sloop had gone to Falmouth, and if it would be any satisfac¬
tion he would write to a friend there, or would even go over
himself and make any arrangements they pleased for helping
Dick ; lint lie feared there was little hope of his release now
that war lind broken out.
These friendly overtures rather softened the hearts of the
two fathers : but Mary felt sure that Champer was insincere.
His hypocrisy was not proof against her woman’s instinct.
SIic turned coldly away, and he left them, racking liis
brain for some means of presenting his suit in a favourable
light.
Day after day Thomas Champer came to the Golden Lion
and sought every possible opportunity of addressing Mary;
but his perseverance was useless. She would not listen to
him. He saw that his suit was hopeless, nnd that he
had gained nothing by tlic absence of Richard Hexel. Yet
he continued to haunt the neighbourhood of the Golden
Lion, until one night he encountered the press-gang, which
lmd made another descent on St. Ives, and he was caught in
the same trap he had set for liis rival. In the meantime,
letters had come from Richard Hexel. He wrote that he was
well, nnd only unhappy because lie was parted from Mary.
He had joined the West Indian Squadron under Admiral
Vernon, and expected he would soon bo able to tell them
something about the war. So time passed on, and the
spring came.
Tlie club had assembled one Saturday evening in the
parlour of the Golden Lion. The customary bowl of punch
was on the table; but Cnptnin Trenwitli had not. arrived, nnd
the serious business of tite evening could not begin without
him. To pass the time, Will Nance stirred the fire and
lighting a pipe, remarked that the evenings were something
clully, though the spring had come, in spite of the men of
Towednoek.
“ What have the men of Towednacktodo with the snrimr 9 ”
said the Mayor of St. Ives. r B
“ Why, know you not,” replied Nance, “that the men of
Towednack built a hedge round the cuckoo to keep the spring
back? But what’s this news from the fleet? ’Tis rumoured
Portobello is taken.”
“ 'Tis true,” said John Renowden; “ my daughter hath a
letter from Richard Hexel, who was on board the Hampton
Court, and engaged in the fight.” 1
“ Wlmt ? Dick Hexel hath smelt gunpowder, then, in
a real battle? Hurrah for old England and beloved St
Ives! ”
“Amen!” cried Captain Trenwith, who came stumping
into the room. “Yes, friends, ’tis all true. Here is a copy of
the Daily Poet, dated March 29, wherein is an account of the
battle, writ by a gentleman on board the Burford, the Admiral’s
own ship. Fill the glasses, and John Tackabird shall read out
the narrative.”
Under the combined attractions of the punch and the news¬
paper, all eagerly drew round the table, nnd the barber, after
dealing his throat, commenced:—
“ On the afternoon of the 21st, about two o’clock, we came
up with Portobello Harbour, where the Spaniards had
hoisted upon the Iron Castle tlie flag of defiance. They
welcomed us with a terrible volley, which, being at bo
short a distance, took place with almost every shot. One
struck away the stern of our barge; another broke a large
gun upon our upper deck; a third went through our foretop¬
mast ; and a fourth, passing through the aniing within two
inches of our mainmast, broke down the barricado of our
quarter-deck very near tlie Admiral, and killed three men in
a moment, wounding five others who stood by them. This
looked as if we should have bloody work, but was far from
discouraging our brave fellows ”-
The barber continued to read how the Spaniards were
driven from their guns, and ilio English landed: “Oneman
set himself close under an embrasure whilst another climbed
upon his shoulders and entered under the mouth of a great
gun. This so dismayed the Spaniards that they threw down
their arms and fled for their lives ”-
“ I would give a guinea to know ’twas a Cornish man who
did that.” cried Captain Trenwitli; “twas a brave action.”
“ Set your heart at rest, then, Captain,” said Peter Hexel,
“ ’twas Richard Hexel who did it. .1 have a letter from my son
wherein he recounts this very same adventure.”
“ Then your soil is a credit to Cornwall, and we’ll drink
his health, my friend," and the Captain got up and heartily
shook Peter Hexel by the hand. “ Compound us another bowl
of punch, John Renowden; and see that it be worthy of the
occasion.”
That night the rafters of the Golden Lion rang with the
cheers which greeted the toasts of “ The British Navy ” and
“ The Hero of St. Ives ”—as Captain Trenwith was pleased to
call Richard Hexel.
It was doubtless the darkness that made it so difficult for
the Mayor and the Captain to find their way home that night,
though they were escorted ns usual by the black servant with
a lighted lantern. The Mayor accounted to liis wife for a
headache which oppressed him next morning by the extreme
exertion he had been obliged to use in supporting Captain
Trenwith, who, poor man! having only one leg, could not be
expected to walk as firmly as other people.
You may be sure the heart of Mary Renowden was
gladdened by the news that had come about her lover; hut
months passed away, nnd nothing more was heard of him. At
length there came a letter, stating that he had been severely
wounded in an action with a Spanish ship in the West Indies,
had been discharged, and was then lying in hospital at Fal¬
mouth. Old Hexel at once started for that place, nnd found
poor Dick pale and thin from wounds and fever, but in good
spirits and anxious to return home. The doctors, how¬
ever, would not hear of it, and ordered the patient to lay up a
week or two longer; and then, perhaps, he might be allowed to
go. His father was, therefore, compelled to leave him and
return to St. Ives, where he was eagerly expected by John
Renowden and his daughter. When two weeks had passed,
they all three went over to Falmouth,when the finishing touch
was put to Dick’s recovery by the embraces of his happy
sweetheart.
• * • * •
“ Time, though old, is strong in flight,” rays the old song;
and he has brought ns once more to Christmas Eve. The
club iB assembled ot the George and Dragon; there is a
brimming punch-bowl on the board, and the silver ladle with
the golden guinea is in active operation. The talk is of the
war, and John Tackabird has been reading aloud an account
of a battle in the Bay of Biscay, where a large Spanish ship
had been taken, and where the name of Tom Champer figured
umong the killed.
The mummers, having finished their Christmas play, have
departed on their rounds; but suddenly they are heard return¬
ing, with cheers and shouts. The clatter of horses’ hoofs is
heard on the paved streets.
“ ’Tis Dick Hexel come back,” cries the barber, looking out
of the window.
“ Let us give him welcome,” said Captain Trenwith.
“ He is a Irave lad, and hath fought and bled for the British
flag 1 ”
“Hurrah!” cried the crowd outside.
“ Hurrah ! hurrah ! ” shouted the Captain and his com¬
panions as they hurried to the door; and there, sure enough,
was Dick Hexel, on horseback, with Mary Renowden seated on
a pillion behind him, while Peter Hexel and John Renowden
had already dismounted, and were undergoing a vigorous
handshaking among the crowd. The club sat late in session
that night, and Captain Trenwitli would fain have had Dick in
to tell how he had scaled the ramparts of Portobello; but
Dick excused himself on tlie plea of fatigue, and lie spent the
evening much more to his liking in the company of Mary
Renowden. “ I do suppose,” said Will Nance, “ Dick Hexel
will have a considerable sum in the way of prize-money coming
to him ? ”
“If he lives to be an old man it may, perhaps, come to
him,” said John Tackabird; “ but the tyrannical abuse ot
power under an oligarchy ”- .. .
“ D— n your hard words! ” cried Captain Tr nwilh; they
would break any man’s jaw but yours. I tell ye, a tree ma
will do his duty whether he is paid for it or no; and may i
never live to see’ the day when a British tar will think more o
profit than of honour.” ,.
This sentiment of the good old Captain ought, according to
the usual custom of the stage, to bringdown the curtain on o
litllc drama; but, to satisfy the reader, we beg to state that m
the early spring Richard Hexel espoused Mary Renowden in tne
- : church of St. Ives, and Captain Trenwith proposed t
of the young couple in the parlour of the Golden toon,
ancient hostelry is still standing in evidence ot too
parish
health __ .... „_^ „ .
which ancient hostelry is still standing
entire truth of this narrativo.
M. J-
PAUL JONES’S ALIAS.
BY DAVID CHRISTIE MURRAY,
AUTHOR OF “JOSEPH’S COAT," “AUNT RACHEL,” “CYNIC FORTUNE,” &o.
* the afternoon of a
very bitter and win¬
terly day in Paris,
Captain Harley Med¬
hurst entered his
hotel, and asked for
letters. The con¬
cierge was occupied,
and did not seem to
, hear him. A young
Colossus, with a
mane of auburn hair,
a copper - coloured
close - cut peaked
beard and an cnorrn-
o is moustache, was painfully slum-
!||-VV.OUT:0F /,'/ Ming over a French sentence, and the
iilSfY—i_A / ■ .in. ierge wa> li-tcning to him with an
air of unusual deference. The young
Colo-sus, wht) looked very picturesquely
handsome, laughed in an embarrassed
way at his own failure, and the con¬
cierge, with slightly lifted shoulders
and a head bent dcpreeatingly on one
■ side, smiled respectful encouragement.
Vfx'Vl"; s'J “What do you want to say?”
Sy ‘ Captain Medhurst asked. “Perhaps
1 lean help you.”
The handsome Rufus turned with an immediate smile.
“I want,” he said, “to make this man understand that
somebody must go to the North Station and get my traps for
me, and that this is the ticket for them.”
He had a full, deep voice, which was in excellent keeping
with his great chest and shoulders, and in rat her comic keeping
with an unusually pronounced New Kngland tone. Medhurst
translated, the concierge took the slip of paper, and the hand¬
some American, with a smile of great sweetness and candour,
thanked his helper, and rushed up-stairs three steps at n time.
“Have you any letters for me?” Medhurst asked. The
concierge searched gravely amongst a pile of letters on the
table of his own little room, and shook his head.
“There is nothing but this, Sir.”
“This” was the hotel bill, and Medhurst, coldly accepting it,
turned away and walked slowly and deliberately up-stairs.
Arrived at his room, he broke open the envelope in which the
bill was enclosed, and found it accompanied by a note request¬
ing immediate payment. The caissier informed him that it
was the custom of the house to ask payment of its clientele
every eight days, and added that fifteen days had expired
since Captain Harley Medhurst’s arrival at the hotel. An
immediate response would oblige. He read this, thrusting his
moustache into his mouth meanwhile, and biting at it with an
angry perplexity.
“Confound the fellow!” he muttered. “Infernal im¬
pertinence! Tell him so, begad! ”
His hands strayed forlornly to his pockets, groped there,
and came out again, empty. He took a cigarette-ease from
his overcoat and opened it. That was empty also; and he
returned it slowly, looking downward intently at the pattern
of the carpet. Then he “confounded” the fellow’s impertinence
again, and sat down in an arm-chair beside a handful of wood
fire which lingered on the hearth. By-and-by, he rang the
bell, and, one of the hotel servants appearing in answer, he
bade him bring a carafe of cognac, a syphon of seltzer-water,
and half-a-dozen cigars. The man bowed with perfect
respectfulness and went away, but, after a lengthy pause,
returned, furtive and ashamed. Would Monsieur have the
obligingness to descend ? The manager would be honoured if
Monsieur would speak with him.
Captain Medhurst replied that if the manager had anything
to say, he might come there and say it. The embarrassed
waiter bowed and tried to smile as he edged himself out of the
room. He would deliver Monsieur’s message, he replied, and
without doubt the manager would at once ascend. In effect,
he presented himself a minute later. He was very polite, very
respectful and regretful, but inexorable. Captain Harley
Medhurst was unknown in the hotel: it was his first visit there.
Doubtless his remittances would arrive. The manager devoutly
hoped so, and was utterly desolate at the thought of sub¬
mitting him to inconvenience. But without money nothing
more could be found for the Captain in that house.
Captain Medhurst was wrathful, and stood upon his dignity.
He made certain statements about his family, his connections
by marriage, and his friends, which might perhaps have
sounded a little piteous if any other English gentleman had
been there to listen to them. It was all true, no doubt, said
the unmoved manager; but people who kept an hotel kept it
to make a profit. It was their misfortune not to know Captain
Medhurst more intimately. Monsieur spoke so perfect a
French that without doubt he had many acquaintances in
Paris. His room was in absolute requisition: a lady was even
now waiting to inspect it, and, in short, there was auparently
nothing for it but for Captain Harley Medhurst to retire.
The Captain was naturally and bitterly indignant. He
gave the manager to understand that his enormous social
influence in England would be devoted for the rest of his
days to keeping travellers away from a house in which he had
received so little consideration. The manager said, over and
over again, that he was desolate, but did not look it in the
least.
But, sacred Heaven ! the Captain demanded to know what
was he to do ? He expected remittances by the next poet.
He had not a franc in his purse; he did not know a
single person at that hour in Paris. Did they mean to thrust
him—an English gentleman, nu officer in her Britannic
Majesty’s service, a cousin of Lord this and Lady that—into
the streets ?
“ Dcsole, Monsieur!” returned the manager, and was
simply incredulous and unmoved.
Why was he treated in this way? the Captain asked.
Surely it was not aft unheard - of thing that a gentleman
should be without money for a few days in a foreign capital ?
He was careless about his financial arrangements, and the
thing had happened to him before, though he must confess
that on that occasion he had met with widely different treat¬
ment. At this the manager, with an assumed air of sudden
recollection, drew forth a pocket-book, and from it produced
a little rose-coloured ticket from the national pawnshop. It
related, as the hapless Captain knew perfectly well, to a watch
confided to the care of sa tante ten days ago.
Monsieur had had the ill-fortune to drop that in the hall
of the hotel an hour before, on leaving.
“ borne thief of a waiter,” said the Captain, shamefacedly,
“ felt in my pockets when he brushed my clothes.”
The manager shrugged his shoulders, and would have
nothing to say to that accusation, and the unfortunate
Captain, with the accusing ticket in his hand—evidence of
nearly' a fortnight’s absolute poverty—stared blankly before
him. ’ At this moment a knock sounded at the door, and the
manager, opening it, revealed an ostentatious Briton, in a
gorgeous fur coat, frogged all down the front, and an offens¬
ively brilliant hat cocked jauntily on one side of his head.
“ For God’s sake, Daisy ! ” said the Captain, feebly, “ have
you got the money about you ? They ’re talking about turning
me out lu re', and I haven’t a cent.”
“ Money, my boy ?” responded the timely Daisy, swagger¬
ing into the' room, and pulling off his fur-rimmed gloves as if
lie were a boxe'r getting rid of the mufflers after a victorious
encounter. “What’s the damage? Anything up to fifty
thousand francs I’m game for.”
He opened his furred overcoat with a rollicking swagger,
and thrusting an over-jewelled hand into an inner pocket, threw
a swollen pocket-book upon the bed-room table.
“ Help yourself, my boy. Pay the blackguard. Like the
impudence "of these damned foreigners 1 Pay him, begad, and
slang him.”
The fat pocket-book was actually crammed with bank-notes
for a thousand francs. The Captain's eye, which had naturally
a frozen look, glittered as he saw this; hut he selected one note
from the bulky roll with perfect quiet, and handed it with a
silent dignity to the manager. Then never was man more
abashed, more humiliated, more desolate, or more fluent in
declaration of these sentiments. Monsieur le Capitaine would
confess himself that the circumstances had looked strange. If
he (the manager) had been the proprietor of the hotel it was
simply inconceivable that he could have acted as he had done;
but he was a salaried servant, responsible to a company, and
had only followed instructions from which he had no power to
depart.
“I see,” said the Captain, “that yon have made out my
hill for the whole day. I will dine here, therefore, and after
dinner shall leave your house. Where are you staying, Daisy ?”
“ I'm not staying anywhere. I 've just come up from the
sunny South by the train of luxury. I ’ll dine here with you.
It’s snowing like the very devil.”
“ I have told this fellow,” said Captain Medhurst, “ that I
leave (he hotel to-night.”
“ Should think so, by Jingo ! Beastly impertinence !
English gentleman! All damn fine! Why don’t you slang
the fellow ? Give him a tongue-walking. I would, begad, if
I spoke the lingo as you do.’’
“ I have expressed my opinion of him already,” faid
Medhurst, with dignity. “ You can send up the receipted bill
and the change,” he added to the manager, who withdrew
with an air of deference, and offered no further excuses.
“ What's it mean, Daisy?” the Captain asked when they
were alone. The man in the fur coat sat on the bed, and
majestically twirled his moustaches and his glittering rings,
smiling and wagging his head with mingled pride and cunning,
By-and-by he hooked a finger at the pocket-book which still
lay on the table, and gave a lcary wink. The Captain, readily
translating these signs, handed him the wealthy volume. His
fingers lingered on it as the owner accepted it, and the
two looked at each other—Medhurst puzzled and curious,
and the other man beaming with complacency. “How did
you get hold of all that pile ? "
“Aha ! my boy,” responded the new-comer, returning his
property to his pocket, “ how do you think I got hold of it ?
I’ll tell you what it is, Medhurst, The Martingale is as good
as gold. I’ve'tried it, and that’s the result of one night’s
work. I don’t say you can do it every day, because there are
times when the luck runs against the best system in the
world.”
“ You’ve been at Monte Carlo ? ” said the other; “ you've
been playing at the tables there ?”
“ That's it, my boy.- That’s where I’ve been, and that ’«
what I’ve been doing.”
“Of all the incurable asses I ever met,” cried Medhurst,
“yon're the stupidest! l'ou risked my hundred as well as
your own, I know. It’s not a bit of use telling me that you
didn’t. I wouldn’t believe yon if you gave me your oath
about it.”
The Daisy, who had been satirically christened by the
name of the wee, modest, crimson-tippit flower in compliment
to his general efflorescence, wagged his head with a completely
satisfied air, and winked at his companion.
“You keep your hair on, old man. I’m all right, and I’m
going to do the square thing by you. I put twenty.five of
yours to twenty-five of my own, and I went with a capital of
fifty. I had to lie low at first, and skirmish about with five-
franc pieces; but I hit ’em for the maximum over and over
again before I’d done. If I’d lost your twenty-five I should
simply have made you a present of it; but I knew jolly well I
shouldn’t lose it.”
“You’re an ass, Daisy ! ” said the Captain; bnt he said it
in a softer tone than before, and in a little while so far subdued
his virtuous indignation as to ask—“How much did you hit
’em for?”
“ I’ve landed over a couple of thousand pounds. It’s all
there,” he tapped the pocket in which the notes reposed.
Medhurst advanced a hand, as if he were going to ask for his
share of the spoil. “Wait a bit,” said the beaming Daisy;
“ I want a square understanding first. I’m going hack again,
and I want yon to come with me.” Medhurst shook his head
with great decision. “ There you are,” said the Daisy, “ and
that’s why I don’t hand the coin over at once. Now, mind
you, you’ve got no more claim over half my winnings than
you have on the ground-rent of St. Paul's Cathedral, if there
is Buch a thing. I ployed for you just to show you what the
system was ; and I put a pony of yours into it because I knew
you’d profit by it, and because I knew I Bhonld want you
afterwards. If the system had broken down, you'd never
have heard anything about it. I should have pocketed my
losses and have said nothing.”
“ Well,” said Medhurst, fixing his frozen eye upon him,
“ what do you want me to do ? ”
“ I want you to come to Monty with me, and I want you
to keep me cool and straight. I’ve got enough to play a
great game now, and I’m going to play it. I'm going to
bust that bank sky high. They’ve got a capital of millions
sterling. They ’ll fight to the last gasp and bleed to the last
drop before they ’ll give in. They can’t afford to be beaten.
They think they can’t be beaten in the long run ; and they
won’t stop a man who has once won heavily. They ’re game,
my boy, and so am I; they 're keen set, my boy, and so am I.
Don’t you think you’re going to keep me away from it,
Medlmrst. I've heard all your lectures till I’m sick of 'em,
and if you were to jaw from now to doomsday it wouldn’t
make a pennyworth of difference.”
“Now, look here, Daisy,” said Captain Medhurst, pulling
off his overcoat and seating himself.
“ You can go it, if you like,” said the Daisy; “but it’ll be
in at one ear and out at the other. I’m thirsty: ring that
blooming bell.”
As the Captain turned to obey this request, a waiter knocked
at the door, and brought in the receipted bill and the balance
of the thousand-franc note.
“ Here, I say, you! ” began the Daisy. “ Donny maw-
Here, you try the lingo on him, Medhurst. Order a bottle of
fizz. I can’t get my tongue round this language a little bit.
‘ Donny,’ ” he pursued reflectively: “ they used to call your
fists your donnies, when I was at school. ‘ Maw ’ means ‘ me,’
of course. ‘ Donny maw ’—‘ hand me.’ I suppose, when you
come to know it, there’s a bit of resemblance between French
and English after all ? ”
1 n to th e brilliant philological vista opened by this suggestion
Captain Medharst declined to enter.
“ Give me a cigar,” he said, “ and I ’ll talk to you.”
“You can save yourself the trouble,” said the Daisy,
doggedly. “Look here!” He drew out his pocket-book
again, when he had thrown over his cigar-case to his com¬
panion, and fell to counting the notes it contained. “ Y r ou've
had one of them, and I made’em fifty-eight this morning.”
He counted them carefully. “ There you are ! That’s twenty-
eight to you, and twenty-nine to me. Now, do you see that
bundle? That’s one thousand one hundred and twenty
pounds ! Do yon see it?” Medhurst looked very hard at it
indeed, and evidently saw it clearly. “Now, if you’ll hold
your jaw, and do what I want you, that’s yours !"
“ What do you want? ”
‘ 1 1 want you to come back to Monty with me; I want yon
to master the system thoroughly, before you go ; and I want
you to come and iee me play it. I get wild; I lose my head.
I could have had a couple of hundred thousand the other night
instead of this miserable handful; but I felt in such vein I
dropped the system, and dropped a pretty tidy handful of
money with it, too. I believe that if the tables hadn’t closed
they could have cleaned me out. Now, that’s my weakness,
and I know it. The system's all right, but I don’t stick to it.
Now, I want you to make me stick to it. If you see me
going on anything else I shall authorise you to take the money
off the table.” -
“ I know what it will come to,” said Medhurst, “ if I con¬
sent. You ’ll lose your own money on your system, and then
yon ’ll borrow this, and neither yon nor I will be a penny
better for the luck you’ve had.”
The Daisy took off his hat for the first time since entering
the room.
“ As true as God’s my judge, Medhurst,” he said solemnly,
“ I 'll never ask you for a penny.”
“ If I take it,” said Medhurst, “I shall do what I under¬
take to do; but no more. I sha’n’t lend the money to be
thrown away, and I'll have nothing to do with the tables
except, to watch your play there."
The Daisy rose and handed to his companion the bundle of
notes.
Dumb Crambo Is a pastime prlmo
For little folk at Chrlatmaa-tlmc.
Its Ins and ouu I need not tell,
For all young poople know it well:
The rhyme-word chosen now is pat.
And many words chime well with that.
DUMB CRAMBO.
Drawn by Lucira Baric.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—6
“ There yon arc.” he said. “ You ’re enlisted. Tli.it V the
Queen’s shilling. Ring that thundering bell. I *m dying for u
drink.”
Now, Captain llarlfer Modhurst, though he had something
of the air of a roue, and looked rather hard-bitten and world-
worn. was on*' of those people who have an evident right to the
conventional title of gentleman. There was no doubting that
he was a man of good family, or that he had been gently bred
and accustom*' l to mix with good society. No observer of
men would have b < n very muc h surprised to know that society
of late years had fought shy of him. There is something which
mo art of description can clearly define which marks the
derUute with a luidge so patent tlmt a very simple wayfarer
may read it. Captain Modhurst wore that badge, and showed bis
consciousness of it in his own chill and shifty eye. He had been
a gentleman in something more than the conventional sense
once upon a time, and was not quite a gentleman any longer.
Tlte Daisy, who answered to
the title of Major De Vcro
when he could induce people to
address him by it, was a persou
of altogether another stamp.
If a rare good heart, coupled
with an intimate knowledge of
all forms of scoundrel ism and
all grade* of scoundrel life in
England,could have mndea man
a gentleman, the Daisy might
have taken rank with dukes and
princes, lie had lived on his
wits for the lastfive-and-twenty
veurs, and, for the most part,
hud lived well. Outside the
sphere of the gaming-table or
the betting-ring the Major’s
wits were* not particularly bril¬
liant ; but on his own ground
he was more than respectable—
he was redoubtable. A better-
hearted brigand never breathed.
11c lived by the most equivocal
means conceivable, and his hand
was constantly in his pocket for
the relief of distress. He had a
happy audacity, liom of a pro¬
found belief that no bring soul
could doubt the distinction of
his manner, speech, and aspect.
He tickets himself ‘‘snob”
from head to feet, and conscien¬
tiously believed himself to im¬
press all and sundry with the
belief that lie was a gentleman
of the Aral water. He was
utterly pitiless to people who
had money, and regarded them
as his natural prey. He and
Mcdhurst had formed themsclve «
into a gambling partnership at
a time when both were very
mu« h under the water, anil
the Captain’s so ial rochet not
bring quite obliterated at that
moment, he had been able to
introduc e his confederate into
f)lac«s where he would other¬
wise have had little chauce of
obtaining a foothold. The
partnership floated both of
them, in a financial sense; but
it ended in Mcdhurst’s social
shipwreck. He had played
pigeon for a good many years,
and the rooks had (dripped him
of a handsome fortune. Now,
like hundreds of men who had
gone before him, he hod turned
rook, and was ready to feather
anything defenceless that might
come in his way.
He had nn almost pious
horror for the public’ tables, and
he thought that Monte Carlo
was quite n sink of iniquity.
He felt in respect to the gnat
gambling institution there ns a
man who shot for the ra.t over
a few ban* a*rea of his own
might feel if the birds upon his
ground with one consent betook
themselves to the preserves of
some wealthy, princely neigh¬
bour. The existence of Monte
Carlo was inimical to private,
professional enterprise. He had
been feathered there himself,
the poor Medhur-t!—he hud
been feathered everywhere—
and he was grieved and indig¬
nant to find his partner so
incurably smitten by the seduc¬
tions of the place. A profes¬
sional mnu, lie urged, should
only play wheie his experience,
skill, and coolness gave him the
advantage. No experience,
skill, or coolness could help the
best-tmined gambler in the
world against that incoiiseient wh el which could never get
excited or tired, or run aw ay from its own system of fortuitous
eccentricity.
The < ’upturn had already thrown a billet or two of wood on
the decaying fin*, and it now burned up again very brightly.
The two sat ou either side of it, sipping their wine and
smoking.
“ I’ve got a tenner on the As o -ration Cup tie,” said
Major De Yere. “ l suppose one can get an English paper
here!' The game should have been played olT yesterday.
“You cun get the Xetr York Urrald," said Mcdhurst.
“Shall 1 ring ami ask for it? ”
The journal came in answer to Mcdhurst s demand, and
the Major turn'd it over. , , .
“I’ve pulled that off, anyway,” he said; “though it
doesn’t matter much now. Hillo! You’ve got a millionaire
staying here!"
“That’s likely enough,” Mcdhurst answered, uninterest¬
edly; “who is he?”
“ Mr. Paul Jones, of New York,” the Major answered. “ I
rvmember reading about him last year. His father died. He
was something in petroleum or a corn-ring- 1 don't know
what all. He’s worth about ten millions, English money.”
“He ’d bo better worth going at than your Monte
Carlo.”
“ D’ ye think so ? Those Yankees are deuced sharp, my
boy. 1 ’ve been hod by one or two of them; but 1 never
landed one myself yet.” All Americans were Yankees to Major
De Yere. “ Montq Carlo’s got ns much as lie has, and Monte
Carlo won *t shy; and even if you were to ruin Monte Carlo, you
could hold your head up with the best. If the Archbishop
of Canterbury or the Pope of Rome went and smashed up
Monte all the good Christians would npprove of him; but if
you and me went and cleaned out n private millionaire, we
should gi t hooted at. Not tlmt I should mind that much,”
the Major added philosophically, “so long a* 1 collared the
pieces.’’
“ Father died a year ago, did he ? ” said Mcdhurst. “ He’s
likely to be pretty young, then ? ”
“That depends,” returned the Major. “ My old governor’s
alive somewhere'. At leA>t, I’ve never heard to the contrary,
oud I ’ni no chicken. Anybody who couutel on picking me
But lie select oil one note from the bulky roll with perfect quiet.
up because he heard that my governor fell off the hooks last
year would have his work cut out.”
The Slajor went back to his paper, and Mcdhurst sipped
and smoked. < >nec he murmured inwardly, to himself, and
the Major catching the words—“ten ‘millions, English
money ”—looked up and smiled. The snow whirled against
the window, and the wind howled in the chimney. The
streets on such a day were only for those who had imperative
business, and the Major, with a view to killing time, proposed
a hand at cards. Mcdhurst assented, and they played until
the dressing-bell sounded, and in clue time they went down to
dinner. The hotel was full, and the long tables of the tnble-
d’hOte were crowded. Mcdhurst found himself side by side
with his Colossus of the early afternoon, who edged away liis
chair to make room for him with a smile of friendly recognition.
“ Rough weather outside, .Sir,” he said cheerfully. “ I’ve
got but very little time in Paris; I’m off down South to¬
morrow, and I’ve been tearing around with an interpreter
to get a few things ready—purchases of one sort and another.”
He was a cheery, amiable, open-hearted young fellow, not in
the least afraid of the sound of that big voice of his, but agree¬
ably and wholesomely natural, and without a trace of affectation.
Mcdhurst made some politely indifferent reply, and the Daisy
spoke across him. The young New Englander, who wore a
scarlet necktie and a coat of bronze-colouicl velvet, quite lit
up the table with these colours and his auburn mane and
coppery beard, and his frank, jolly blue eyes. The Daisy was
ns loud and as tans pene as he; and when Mcdhurst, teeing that
they wished to talk together, changed seats with his com¬
panion. the two got on os if they had been inude for one
another.
Right opposite to Major De Vcre sat a refined-looking
shrinking man of seven or eight-and-twenty, who looked in a
curious way at once shy and distinguished. Whilst the Daisy
and his new-found companion were talking rather uoisilv to
each other, Mcdhurst caught this gentleman’s eye, and’ob¬
served a look and an almost imperceptible gesture of distaste.
A moment later a neighbour offered to this gentleman some
little table courtesy, to which he responded by a “Thank you."
“He’s nn American, too,” thought Mcdhurst to’him¬
self ; “ and doesn’t like the wny in which liis young
countryman is proclaiming himself.”
11c himself did not alto¬
gether like the Daisy either, and
knew how over-pronounced ull
his iiirs seemed to well-bred
people, but lie was used to him
by this time; and as to the
average British cad who makes
himself objectionable on the
Continent, Captain Medhurst
would have thought so little in
his better days of allying him¬
self iu other peoples’ fancy with
that loud and vulgar personage
that the quiet American’s silent¬
ly expressed displeasure was
droll to him.
The American gentleman
had not the faintest intention
in the world of betraying to
any stranger’s eye his’ disap¬
proval of the loud pair oppo¬
site; but Medhurst, watching
him, saw it peep out in a score
of signs which were only just
visible to a close observation.
He ate his dinner silently, or,
if addressed, contented himself
with u reply which was purely
formal. #
About midway through the
dinner a waiter stole up to
Major I)e Vcre and handed him
a telegram on a salver.
“ Not for me,” 6aid the
Major, iu his brassy voice.
“ Mossoo Paul Jones ; not me.”
“ Ah ! ” said the youug
American, “ that’s mine.”
'Hie Major hnndcd it to him,
and kicked Medhurst under the
table. The quiet gen th man ou
the other side looked up with a
quick and startled glance as th-*
name was pronounced, nnd did
not remove his regard from the
owner of it until the latter had
opened and read his telegram
and bestowed it in a waistcoat-
pocket.
8o this, thought Medhurst,
was Paul Jonc9, was it? He
was evidently a greenhorn—
aminblc, friendly, unguarded,
na likely to afford good and
profitable sport ns anybody he
had ever beheld in his life.
Ten millions sterling in that
young man’s possession ! Jt
was nn inspiring thought tlmt
perhaps a thousand per million
might be drawn from him. It
would do hun no harm, and he
would have to learn his life-
lesson somewhere, unless th3
whole ten millions were to fall
ruinously through his fingers.
Medhurst noticed with satis¬
faction how perfectly the hand¬
some young giant and the
Major were getting on to¬
gether, and how well they
suited each other. With the
Daisy ns his jovial companion
and Medhurst ns his social and
moral mentor, a pjxid deal
might be done with him. If it
hud been that other fellow,
now—that quiet and shyly dig¬
nified young man ou the oppo¬
site side of the table—the Major
would have had but the poorest
chance in the world. It was
lucky that the American mil¬
lionaire should have turned out
to be a man of this noisy
bonhomie, this evidently
unsuspicious nnd unworldly
good-nature, mid it was «
splendid chance which had
dropped them ni his side nt
dinner. .. ..
i South, you say, Sir?” said the
I’m going down to Jium-les-Piiw-
I IU gwuig to (mini mere. I’ve never seen the place: but I m
t >ld it’s full of very elegant stuff, and I reckon on gettingnaii-
a-doxcu pictures out of it.”
“ You paint, Sir?” said the Major. . Y
“ I’ve got to,” said the American. Again Major De »c
kicked Captain Medhurst’a foot beneath the table.
“ You are an artist. Sir ? ” said Medhurst, leaning a Iiti e
across the efflorescent figure of the Daisy to address lnni. i
handsome young Rufus blushed. ’
“ I don't know that I can quite say that,” he
“ but if I aint in n year or two it sliu’n’t be for want of tn» P-
Medhurst trod upon the Daisy’s toes this time, ana «.
tinned with a smile of interest,
“An amateur?” . ,. ^
“No, no,” said Paul Jones seriously, shakinglusauburn
mane; ‘‘solid business. Sir.” ,
Medhurst retired and left him to the Mnjor s care.
dinner Iiufus and the Daisy smoked a cigar together
billiard-room. Medhurst found opportunity for a mo
interview with liis rollaborateur. , .
“That young fellow,” he said, “is i plapng at an inic r ^
lie doesn’t fancy that lie ’a known to be rich. Don t i
“ You ’rc going don
Mnjor.
“Yes,” said Paul; 1
I ’in going to paint there
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.- 7
suspect you know it. He’s going down to-morrow. We’ll like a carrot. The pale, phthisical young American was there
go with him. Stick to him to-night, and be as chummy with also, and Medhurst changed his place to Bit beside him—partly
him as you can. We may as well stop iu the house to-night, with a view to leave a clear field for the Major’s operations,
You’ve got a portmanteau here ? ”—the Major nodded—“All and partly because he preferred the quieter companionship,
right. I’ll engage a room for you as I go out. But not a The Major was not much in the mood to operate at first; but
word about the dollars."
“Leave me alone for that,” Baid the Mnjor; and Captain
Medhurst drove off to the little theatre in the Palais Royal,
as the meal progressed and the chnmpaf
grew rapidly towards emptiness, he at
his friend, Captain Harley Medhurst,
ae bottle at his elbow
jounced that he and
fere going down to
and left the intended victim in his companion's hands with Monte Carlo by the rapide of that evening. Paul Jones was
perfect confidence. His vis-it-vis of the evening was his unaffectedly pleased at this intelligence, and showed it. The
neighbour in the stalls. They both laughed with great Major’s bluff, uoisy ways, his swagger and laughter, suited
heartiness at the harmless drolleries of “La Cagnotte,” and Paul excellently. He thought the Major eminently British, as,
exchanged a word or two. When the performance
the quiet American wrapped himself up with great
indeed, in some respects, he was.
“ I've been making inquiries,” said Paul, ‘
drew on a pair of goloshes before venturing into the most agreeable to get to the station early and dine there.
street. Medhurst remarked these precautions against the
weather, and helped the stranger, who was struggling rather
feebly with a heavy overcoat.
“ If you are going back to the hotel, Sir,” the grave young
stranger said, “ I may perhaps offer you a seat? ”
Oils against the That's what I’m going to do. You wonldn’t think it, by the
itruggliug rather look of things at present," he added: “but I'm going out
now to buy a sun umbrella.”
the grave young With that he rose from the table and shook hands with the
t?” Major. It was one of his habits to shake hands with a null
The Captain was always willing to economise, and con- whenever he met with him or parted from him, if it was holf-
mted. The stranger had a well-appointed hired carriage at a-score times a day, and he always went through that friendly
the door, which, to Captain Medliurst’s taste,
overheated, even for so cold a night.
a Tittle operation with great heartiness and solemnity.
That evening the whole personnel of the hotel hung about
I hope.” said the young stranger, “that you will not the entrance hafi and the corridors through which everybody
find the warmth oppressive. My doctors warn me that the
i» something here”—he tapped his chest lightly with 1
fingers.
“ You should go South,” Medhurst answered.
“ I am going to-morrow,” said the stranger. 11 1 a
advised to try Mentone.”
Medhurst, finding on inquiry that his companion was
ere lmd to pass in quitting the house. Everybody knew about the
his fifty millions of dollars, and cold hearts warmed in the gleam
of that splendid fortune. Paul, who was imuwnre of the news¬
paper paragraph which had heralded the arrival of the man
am with the dollars, was surprised to notice how considerable a
stir his departure made. He put it down to French politeness,
3 a of which he had heard a good deal; hut he was not accustomed
stranger to the Riviera, gave him certain sage counsels as to to this sort of leave-taking at home, and was embarrassed by
the dangers of its seductive climate, and the two parted ou the general empresseinent. He, Medhurst, and the Major
excellent ter
sumptive win
The solemu young coi
. dined together at the railway station, and afterwards found a
sengnged compartment ii
ness ; but he was a gentleman, and the society of a gentleman At this time of dr
made a pleasant change. Medhurst carried with him enough the young Paul, \
of that lost soil from which he fell to be able still to rear a or two more wine
flower or two. If he could have afforded to be a man of spot- pleasant exciteme
less honour, he would have been glad of any chance to go back quieter convivial
to his old ways and to bis old society; but he had no patrimony bright and nmush
left to him but his wits, and must needs live upon them. “ Just for the
Paul Jones had gone to bed
when Medhurst re-entered the
hotel, but the Major was in great
form. He had fallen into the
society of two or three gentle¬
men of his own kidney, and was
calling liberally for champagne,
under the impression that the ''il'lltllflllll'liiii i
wuiters were deeply sensible of
his wealth, his social status, and
liis general tone. When he was
in funds, it was the Daisy’s 'ABk
simple dream that everybody
imagined him to be some high ^
and mighty person, the geniality
of whose temper forbade him to
abash the world with his title, lie T 1 1 |j !,
lived happy in the serene convio- ' !,
tion that nobody could look at him
or listen to him without knowing \1.^^B
him to be a gentleman and ill ^ / i^^B
his confidential
moments, he would brag of this j^B
gift of Nature to his confederate ^^B
until Medhurst actually groaned i^^B
That
a splendid to hc^^B
brigand's own wav of thinking. ^
Win a paid ti e prc.-i BBUgri
other people, he took out all the
money he had, and threw it about —
with a lordly indifference. These ^T’ *V' v
characteristics were of a piece with H ] V’ ( -~ a
his brassy, good-humoured voice, H I - TT' _
his raking hat, his happy and auda- BLaagpp
cious swagger, the size and bril-
liancy of his breust-pin, and the “Sot tor me," said the M
multitude of his glittering rings.
Medhurst got him away from his companions without dif- pack of playing (
3 of the carriages of the rapide.
At this time of day the Major was naturally in his gayest form;
the young Paul, with his new-found friends, had taken a gloss
or two more wine than usual, and was gay at heart with the
pleasant excitement of the journey ; and Medhurst opened a
quieter convivial vein than the Major's, but made himself a
bright and amusing companion.
“ Just for the fun of the thing,” the Major produced a
” said Llic Major, lu his brassy voice.
Acuity, for the Major was usually placable to his companion'
touch.
“ Where's the millionaire
"He's gone to bed,” said the Major. “He’s a ga
youngster enough, but he wou’t take his liquor. Says h
never drinks, except at meals, and very little then. That'
one of those confounded Yankee institutions. ' Good wine is
good familiar creature'—that’s all the Scripture I know, m
boy ; but it’s a damn good text, though I never heard
parson preach from it.”
"You’d better turn in,” said Medhurst. “You'll h
having a headache to-morrow.”
“ Headache ? ’ ’ said the Daisy, smiling uncertainly, but
with complete friendliness, at his own reflection in the mirroi
which he took for a third peison. “ Pommery Greno doesn
give you a headache—not when it’s the right sort. It is heri
my boy. Twenty-three francs the bottle.”
ms without dif- pack of playing cards and a travelling-lamp, with artfully-
arranged reflectors which gave a clear and mellow light. The
three got together, witli a travelling-rug about their knees,
and playeij napoleon at half-franc points in the most innocent,
and playeij napoleon at half-franc, points in the most
e’s a gay friendly way iu the world. Paul Jones won five or six louis,
Says he and the Major grew sleepy, and proposed to stop. He and
i. That’s Medhurst would take their revenge later On, perhaps, andifthey
1 wine is a didn’t get it—why, perhaps, it didn’t greatly matter; and with
know, my this and a laugh, which ended in a yawn, Major De Vere packed
r heard a himself in a comer, drew his travelling cap over hia eyes, and
disposed himself to slumber. His companions foUowed his
You ’ll be lend; but Paul, with the best desire to Bleep in the world, lay
awake for a long time, his big form occupying the whole of
ninly, but one side of the compartment. He was full of enthusiasms and
hopes, for some of which his artistic face seemed to give better
warrant than the boyish bravado of his manner. He thought
of violet seas with the light of the southern sun upon them,
of palms and aloes, and of grey olives foaming up the monn-
the mirror, hopes, f
Medhurst succeeded in getting him into bed, and then went tain side; and every
to his own apartment. He was always scrupulously sober;
but he had been compelled to drink a little with the Major
for form's sake before he could withdraw him from his boon
companions. He set candles on either side his mirror, and,
producing a pack of cards, sat down there to deal and cut and
shuffle before the looking-glass, with his eyes intently fixed on
the reflection of his own fingers. He satisfied himself that he
was in perfect form, and so undressed and went to bed. It
r and again, with i
s always scrupulously sober; gesture, his right band would move as if it held a brush, and
Irink a little with the Major were working freely at a canvas. Half-a-dozen times he lifted
l withdraw him from his boon himself upon his elbow and tried to thaw the frozen snow
i either side his mirror, and, upon the window-pane. He failed in this; but once rising
jwn there to deal and cut and and cautiously lowering the window an inch or two, he heard
with his eyes intently fixed on the wind go by with a scream, and saw the wild snow-flakes
He satisfied himself that he fleeting past iu the black night, reddened for a mere second by
idressed and went to bed. It the flash of the furnace fire. Little promise of the sunny
was an odd thing, perhaps, that he should have searched in South as yet. He closed the window with a comfortable
the breast-pocket of his coat before he lay down, and should shiver, and lay down again; and, by-and-by, palms and
hayp taken from it the photograph of an innocent-looking olives, and soft glittering se
child of eight or nine; that he should have carried this to bed slid into his dreams, and he
with him, and have looked at the little short-frocked, innocent The Major was very gr
ing seas, and purple headlands of fancy
ad he was asleep before he knew it.
;ry grumpy again from Avignon—where
figure so tenderly and so long; and that he should have kissed he awoke and partook of a bowl of coffee and a roll upon the
the picture and placed it under his pillow before he blew out icy, wind-swept, open platform—to Marseilles, where break-
his candle for the night But, then, human nature is full of fast and a wash restored him. But Paul, with youth and
oddities, and Captain Medhurst is not the only man whose sobriety on his side, was as gay as a colt from the moment of
profession and practices are contradictory. his waking, and was quite impassioned by the landscape.
The weather was wild next morning, and a heavy snow was “ Saints alive ! " he said to Medhurst, “look at the colour
) violently about the streets that few but those who of the gashes in that ground! Look at the reds and browns'.
were conipeUed to do it ventured abroad at all that day i
Look at the green of that turf! It's as tender i
Paris. But notwithstanding the severity of the weather, Paul lamb, and as bright as a candle flame. The grey ou them old
Jones was out and about all morning and afternoon, returning olives—eh, Sir ? I guess I ’ll tickle that in before I’m much
to the hotel at intervals, stamping the snow from his shoes and older.'
laughing in the entrance-hall, and dashing up stairs to his
apartment and down again with prodigious strides. He was
back to luncheon with a face which glowed so from the wind
and cold that he looked as jolly as a rising 6un. The Daisy
“You seem to be an enthusiast about painting,” said
Medhurst.
“ Well, Sir,” returned Paul, deliberately, “ I believe you.
I wouldn’t give up paintin’ for a million a year. I don’t think
was to the full as florid; but his was a glow less invigorating it would be worth my while to give it up for anything I’ve
and wholesome to look at. He was a little puffy about the ever seen or heard about. It’s one of those things that's just
eyes, and his temper, as he himself admitted, broke off short meat and drink and life and sunlight if you once cotton to it
properly. If there wasn’t such a thing as colour m rue wona
I’d just die, and make no bones about it.”
This enthusiasm appeared just a little strained to Captain
Medhurst, who had never bad many enthusiasms of his own,
and had parted with most of them a long time ago. He
smiled, however, and said that no doubt that sort of warmth
of feeling gave life a certain fullness.
“ I’m afraid,” he said, following the smile with a sigli
which was probably more real, “ that tho lives of most of us
are a little barren.”
“ I’m inclined to think,” said the young fellow, with loud,
cheerful optimism, “ that it’s about our own fault if they are.
I can understand a poor devil who hasn’t got one cent to
ciink against another, or a forlorn wretch who’s got no lungs
or who ’e in want of a liver or a circulation, being down in the
mouth and thinking that the world is a pretty dark place. Or
I can understand a man who’s had such hard lines as to lose
the folks be cares for, sitting down and making up his mind he
won’t core for anything a;:y more. But I can’t understand a
live man asking to be buried anywhere. What a man’s got to
do in this world is to take hold of something, and never be
contented till he’s got it up by the roots. He ’ll never get it
up, Sir, not if it’s worth getting; hut he ’ll find a pretty con¬
siderable pleasure in tugging at it, and he ’ll have his heart full,
and his mind full, and his hands full, and that’s a mighty
comfortable thing, according to my way of looking at it, Sir. ’ ’
Paul, in spite of his Parisian purchases, had hut little
luggage with him. He carried a rather old-fashioned silver
watch at the end of a broad silk ribbon ; he wore no jewellery,
and his raiment, though it was a little bright and loud, was pre¬
cisely such as any working artist might have worn. His plain
ways and water-drinking habits, taken in conjunction with
these things, fully reconciled Medhurst to the idea of fleecing
the young man ever so little, and making his own hard nest
softer with the proceeds. If a millionaire had no expensive
tastes, of what use were his millions to him, and why should
not a part of his superabundance flow over upon others leas
blessed by fortune, but more blessed by Nature with the power
of using money ?
As the winter sun rose into the pure sky, Paul Jones
ceased to talk and devoted himself altogether to a nipt con¬
templation of the landscape. They had long since lift tl»e
fulling snow behind; but after it, for miles. Hie country had
been powdered like tho figures on
a Twelfth Night cake. Then came
the glorious fresh green, ringed
with wild sterile hills, and at last
the sea, soaked full of light and
colour, like some prodigious gem.
• The great Rufus sat eager and
thoughtful, staring out of window
ns picture after picture rolled past
1 him, and his right hand was pretty
often busy with the imaginary
Bf brush. If either of his companions
M) spoke to him he answered, hut in
an absorbed way, as if his thoughts
were elsewhere, as indeed they
were. At Cannes he gathered his
traps together.
“ As sure as life,” he said,
“I’ll catch something before this
sun goes down. I shall have an
hour or two of it, anyhow."
He knew beforehand the name
^B . of the hotel he was going to, and
gave his new-fouud friends his
- address at the Chateau de la
. is-/ Pinede, Juau-les-Pius. Mcdhur-t
and the Mnjor gave him their
PAY cards in turn.
“You’ll find ns at the Hotel
BPl^h/ do Paris, Monte Carlo,” said the
Major. “The season’s in full
swing there, and of course you ’ll
come out of your shell at times
and take a walk over ? Come and
jO dine.” Paul Jones was on the
/[' railway platform, and the Captain
* was hauding out a strapped,
i.” • battered old easel which had any¬
thing but an amateur air about it.
“ Come now,” said the Major. “ Say to-morrow. There’s a
train reaches us a little after half-past seven. Say dinner for a
quarter to eight.” Paul hesitated. “ Come, man,” said the
Major, “you can’t work after daylight, I suppose. Hillo!
we’re off. That’s a bargain ? To-morrow. Quarter to eight
sharp. Good-bye.”
The train steamed slowly out of the station, and Paul nnd
the Major waved hats at each other until the latter withdrew
his head into the carriage, when he looked slily across at
Medhurst.
“You left me most of that, old man,” he said, with a
jaunty air of self-satisfaction, as if ho were pleased to have
negotiated the preliminaries so ably.
“ You didn’t want my help there,” said Medhurst. “ Don’t
drink to-morrow, Daisy.”
“Now, did you ever know me to, when there’s been
business on hand ? ”
“Sometimes,” Medhurst answered. “Don’t do it to¬
morrow. We’ve got a big tiling on.”
“That’s alias it may turn out,” tho Major replied, “so
far as the young ’un goes. But he may turn tail and bolt at
any minute. What I like about Monte Carlo is they ’ll fight
you there until your head drops off. There’s no backing out
there. Skin ’em over night, and they ’ll be up to time, fresh
and smiling, in the morning. They ’ll fight as long as they
can raise a dollar.”
“As long as you can,” Medhurst answered scornfully.
“ He’s a fool who plays unless he can make sure of winning,
or unless it doesn't matter to him whether he wins or loses.”
But the Major was not to be shaken, and went on in a
superb confidence in the system—a confidence no whit less fixed
nnd sure because he hod known a score of men who had gone
out with iufallible Bystems before him and had seen them one
by one come home broken. But all the other infallible systems
had the one essential drawback, that they were not of the
Major's own creation; whilst this particular system had the
supreme advantage of having been discovered and perfected by
himself.
During the quarter of an hour’s wait at Nice they stretched
their cramped limbs a little by walking up and down the plat¬
form, and there they passed and repassed their quiet vis-a-vis of
the hotel at Paris. Medhurst exchanged a word ortwo with him,
and discovered for the first time that he was accompanied by a
man-servant. The man came to ask some questions about the
luggage, and, being- answered, touched his hat nnd retired.
The Major, nothing doubting the fascinating powers of his own
manners and converse, come swaggering up at this moment,
and the quiet man at once withdrew to his carriage, and took
his seat there behind a sulphur-coloured novel.
Medhurst and the Major alighted at Monte Carlo, and the
Yea, Mister Turkey-cock, I own
You make a gallant show,
As In full flg you strut about
Majestically slow.
But would It, In your puffed-out state,
Give you too great a shock
To know e’en swino look down on yon,
Vain Mister Turkey-cock ?
FOOD FOR REFLECTION,
brawn by IT. Weelxs.
Yet so it is; for by tlielr eyes,
An 1 guttural parts of speech,
I know they scold you for your pride.
And humbler thoughts would teach.
1 You silly bird (they seem to soy),
Pray don't make such a clatter,
You ’re kept so well that you may look
Well on a Christmas platter."
THE ILLFSTRATED LONDON STEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, ISSN.-10
grave young American went on to Mentone. A pave and
elderly American, with a benevolent, mild face and a shrewd
eye, met him there upon the Platform, with both hands extended.
“ My dear Paul," he said, " I ’ill glad to see you. Wrap
yourself up warmly, my dear boy, for there rhill airs are very
dangerous after the day’s heat. You ought not to be abroad
at this hour, but it can’t be helped this time. The carriage is
waiting outside, and will luive you home in ten minutes. Orimcs
will see to your luggage.”
The elderly man hovered round the younger like a hen
with one chicken until he had seen him through the little
station and into a Well-appointed close carriage that wuited at
the door.
’’ Now, what is the meaning,” lie asked, "of this singulur
disguise r I don’t think that curiosity is one of my foibles,
hut ever since I got your letter 1 have been wondering. I have
done little else than wonder. Is the vendetta acclimatised in
New York r Arc you flying from vengeance, Paul i ”
“The fact is,” the voting man answered, "that two or
three weeks in London sickened me. Mr. .Tones with his ten
millions sterling—Mr. Jones with his fifty millions of dollars—
was, to my mind, so vulgar an attraction that I resolved to
drop him. and to go about alone; and a Jones in France with
ntiilious of francs, a quarter of a million in number, seems
likely to be such a colossal bore that I resolved to drop him.
So i took my mother's maiden name and sank the dollars
altogether. Paul Morton is as good a name as Paul Jones, and
Paul Morton will not be stared atantl pointed out, and sponged
upon and run after by the whole great armies of the needy
and the greedy, us Paul Jones would be. To tell you the
truth, Doctor, i am a little tired and peevish ; and out of
sorts with the world. I want to be hi alone, and an alias
was my only chance.
’ 1 understand,” the old man answered, with an air
of humorous burlesque, ” and will keep year dread secret
inviolate. It shall be enshrouded in the clouds of night.”
’’ An odd thing happened in Paris,” said the traveller.
“Tire .Vrie Yiirk llirtiltl there, to my great disgust,
announced my arrival at the very hotel I hud put up at.
1 wondered how they hml found me out; but I discovered
that there was a Paul Jones there—though, why two
people of the same generation should have thought fit to
ticket an innocent child with that piratical name I do not
know. Hut there he was, and they took him for me, or,
at least, they took him for the owner of the dollars, anti
sent up incense to the pile until the young man must
have felt choked with it. There was an Englishman of
the beef-fed breed, a man with the manners of a friendly
bison and the voice of a trombone, who bullied him with
amities, and stormed an invitation to dinner at him as we
left the station at Cannes. The other Paul Jones got a
telegram at table, and the big Englishman roared his
name out so that everybody heard it, and all the world
stared at him its if resolved to put him out of countenance.”
” It’s a littl ■ unfair, Paul,” said the elderly man, “ to
leave a man who can’t afford it to bear a reputation of that
kind.”
’’ I suppose it is,” the other answered: “ I never
thought of that. 1 only had time to auathemutise the .Veie
I'm* Unit'd before I became thankful that there was a real
man to take my place, for the satisfaction of those easily
curious people who are interested mother people's money;
and tlie unknown Paul Joues is not a shy man. 1 fancy
that no amount of pointing and staring will hurt him
111 a very little while the carriage pulled up before n
villa, which by this time it was too dark to see with any
approach to clearness. As the millionaire alighted he could
hear the vague murmur of the Mediterranean surge, and
lie stood for a mere instant, muffling his mouth with a
s art as a precaution ugninst the keen evening air, to look
about him. He could dimly make out a great shield ot
quiet sea over the tree-tops and house-roofs of the hill-
si le which sloped uway at his feet, and here and there
ii light twinkling in street or window. Hut the door of the
v. 111 opening, and revealing a hall full of light and flowers
mid half-tropical plants, the Doctor took him by the
elbow, and led him indoors. There he shook hands anew,
a id bade the arrival once more welcome.
” Yon will see very little of me,” he said, “ for the next
three nr four days. The great work is already advertised,
and tlie date fixed for its publication. I am at work on the
final batch of proofs, and I have quite a collection of
words that 1 want to save for the appendix.”
"The dictionary : ” said tlie new arrival, smiling. “ It
is a litally on its way to print? ”
” It is actually in print, Sir,” cried the other. “The
d ale t-nf the ltiviera are classified for the first time.
The philological bridge between France and Italy is com¬
pile In its last an il. Nothing remains but to pass tlie.
roller over its macadam; and. that, Paul, will be my
lm«ine>s for perhaps a week. In the meantime, you will
have to irmnse yourself for the most part, and I give yon
ntrlr W,rustle for tile daytime, but I will never have you out
a minute after sunset.’ In the evenings 1 shall always Iw
at your service, partly because I am by nature com¬
passionate and social, and partly because’ these old eyes
of mine will not stand close work by lamplight.”
The millionaire, Paul Jones, had found a pleasanter home
than money could have bought for him, and as good a physician
as any fees, however extravagant, could have paid for. In
the daytime he drove or rambled or made brief railway excur¬
sions, and in the evenings he sat at home, playing chess or
holding pleasant converse with Doctor Morris, lie visited
Monte Carlo, and there saw our friend the Major, playing a
tremendous game witli amazing fortune, and Captain Medimrst
sitting by him, calm and quiet, risking no money of his own,
bat pencilling a card for liis companion. The millionaire
watched the game, unseen by either of bis chance acquaint¬
ances. for half an hour. When the Major’s luck turned and
he began to lose a little heavily, he rose from the table at
which he had been sitting and carried his system to another.
The crowd which had stood by to watch his play followed
him aud the Daisy talked loud and swaggered here as he had
tulkid loud and swu^m-d in Van*, and wu* obviously
dcliirhtod to afford such a w*n*ation to the habitat of the
pine Neither he nor Medimrst observed the valetudinarian,
who was glad enough to slip away in his own retiring manner
without a recognition. ,
That afternoon in the railway carriage, as he rode home-
wimls some English people spoke enthusiastically about the
twauti’es of Jnan-les-l'iiis, and next morning, being in some
doubt os to how to pa*- the- day, he decidwl to go there. I t
win* a very ix*arl of days when h< sturtod. The sea lay in such
malachite*, violet*, blue*, and grey* a* he had never until then
beheld. The January Min shone hot and bright, and a cool
playful breew? tempered the heat with no severity. Hi- wo*
alone, as ho chiefly cared to be, and alighting at the road>idc
station, the sole passenger left by the train, he questioned the
Amiable functionary who unites in hi* own person the offices
of station-master, ticket-* lerk, ticket-collector, and signalman,
and wa< by him directed to the hotel. Everybody who knows
Juan-les-Pins remembers tlie glorious clumps of trees from
whieh the place takes its name. The millionaire diverged
from the path und turned into the shadow of a lordly, natural
cathedral of tree-stems to the right. His steps went com¬
pletely silent on the brown carpet of shed fir-needlea, the
nngathcred harvest of many scores of years. The sunlight fell
in patches through the rifts of foliage' overhead, lying golden
on the closely-matted carpet of the fir-needles, and shining in
vivid mis and siennas and rich browns on the great trunks of
the trees. The culm sea lay beyond, with as many colours in
it as there are in an opul—the tones to the full as delicate
and pure.
The solitude and the beauty of tlie place drew him on, and
he fell into a reverie. Walking with his eyes bent towards the
ground, he started suddenly to find himself in the act of
marching into an empty camp-stool; and, looking up, lie saw,
only two or three yards before him, a painter’s umbrella and
an easel with a picture mounted upon it. The paint was still
wet in places, and from where he stood he could make out
nothing of the work blit a glare of variously-coloured light.
He moved a step or two to the left, and seeured a perfect view
of it. The artist lmd evidently left his work for a while, and
not a human creature was in sight. There was a dim sound of
voices somewhere, two or three hundred yards uwuy; but that
and the artistic belongings before him were the only evidenc: s
of humanity lie could discover. The work upon’the easil,
though yet unfinished, charmed him so much that he stool to
look at it until he became altogether forgetful of his where¬
abouts. It was painted with a wonderful brio, as the urt-
slang goes -a sort of happy impetuosity und careless surety ;
And the child, ru-hhi* impchionxly towards him, (fare an actual leap
Into hi- arms.
and it looked like what it was—an impassioned, single-minded,
and simple-hearted reproduction of Nature’s self. To the
observer’s mind, the salt of the sea and the odour of the pines
were in it, and it hail one rare and excellent virtue—it held
sunlight.
The millionaire Paul Jones stoo l so enrapt—for he was
bv nature and cultivation a lover of pictures, und lul l been a
wide-awake dreamer all his days—that he cliil not hear the
step of the artistic Paul until it was almost upon him. Then
he turned, and found himself confronted by that jolly and
burly presence. The younger Paul recognised him ut once,
and addressed him with boisterous frankness.
“ Hillo ! You come down here ? Lovely couutrv, aint it ?
Dou’t let me drive you away ’’—for the >hy millionaire made a
motion as if he would go. “ It don’t fret me a bit to have
folks around while I ’ni working. Fact, I rather like it.”
The millionaire hud something of a sense of shame upon
him. One of his commonest forms of undue - took it* rise
iu the opinion that lie was good at nothing. He had trial
most of the arts in his day, anil had surrendered each in turn
with an abortive sense of want of power over it. He hail
paintid and modelled and played and had written verses,
and had never got beyond the amateur stage, in the pursuit of
any one of those delightful arts. He called himsdf one of
those microscopic Michael Angelos who infest idle aud
moneyed societies, and, at times, believed that he had no spur
at ull towards any one of the pursuits he hail adopted save
such os were afforded by idleness and vanity. He thought
poorly indeed of the dollars he owued a* a claim to dis¬
tinction, and he reverenced, with an almost boyish enthusiasm,
those people who could do what he hod failed in doing. A
painter, a musician, a sculptor, a pix-t, wos a man before whom
he could have knelt if he had not br-en altogether too shy to
make such a proclamation of enthusiasm. And now, in this
rufous-haired and noisy young giant whom lie had contemned
and disliked from the nrst word he lmd heard hifn utter l.e
found an actual artist—a man capable of understanding' tlie
sweet and complex speech of Nature and of translating ft for
the charming of his fellow-men. He hardly knew enough
how to be ashamed of himself.
The artistic Puul, knowing nothing of these self-upbraid¬
ing*, anil perfectly at home and at ease with himself and'with
all the world, seated himself upon his camp-stool, and drawing
from one pocket a cake of tobacco of a deep golden colour mul
from another a murderous-looking clasp-knife, shredded enough
of the weed to fill a pipe, whistling melodiously meanwhile, with
his head ou one side, and corking a loving yet critical eye at
his canvas.
“Smoke?” he said. ‘‘No? That’s a pity. Strikes me
that Columbia’s one title to pride is that she gave this to the
world. When I got to l’nris I never was more surprised in
my life. I found there was a duty on tobacco in France, mid
I ’il brought twelve pounds over with me anil never declared
it. There *s no tobacco like this in Europe, aud I should have
had to pay a little fortune on it. A little ignorance is a
blessed thing. Saved me, most likely, fifty or sixty dollars.”
The millionaire sawn chance for something like’an epigram
about the sweetness of profiting by a sin innocently committed.
He tried to say it, but in his shyuess lie bogghxl over it and
left it unfinished, feeling newly awkwurd and ill at ease.
The artist caught the idea, however, and being in himself
curiously happy, laughed, and said, “Good'” and then,
having filled and lit his pipe, stooped for his palette mid the
•hettf of brushes and went comfortably to work. As In-
worked, be boasted a great deal, less to bis companion
than to himself, half in cheerful certainty of succeis, and
half in encouragement of his own i magi nation.
“ Just you see me tickle that rock in ! Aint it lovely?
That.” mixing the colour* on his palette with tender ran-.
*• that’* the tone to the millionth part of a hair’s breadth,
aud the man that says it aint, I scoff at. Don’t that little
bit of weed come pretty/ I/M>k at tlie light on it.
Nature’s the prettiest lady yet, and so I tell yon. There's
nothing to lx-nt her. Just catch her when she’s smiling,
and she’s real nice. I call this country elegant. It aint
like home. It’s softer and more civilised. We haven't
had time to polish up this. It *s no wonder people get
polite anil amiable in their manner* living here. They ’ve
got to be, aud that ’* all about it. If you took the biggest
bell-fire raker out of Texas, and kept him here a year, ami
made him look at this”—indicating the landscape with a
swift wave of the brush, which did not keep him from liis
work a second—“ two hours n day, you might shave him,
put him in petticoats, and send him home to keep a lady’*
school at the finish, and he’d do justice to the situation.”
After Ibis, his work absorbed him, and he went quiet
for a time, paiuting awnv with an assiduity and enjoy¬
ment which were delightful to look at. Then he begun
to sing to a tune of hi* own, und not n particularly good
one either. Hi* singing voice was as harsh and intract¬
able as his whistle was mellow and tuneful. By-and-by,
word* got iuto the inuflled ditty, and the millionaire over¬
heard a version of Youth’s smooth ocean, smiling to betray.
“You read Shelley?” he asked. He was doubly
ashamed of himself after the question, for the tone
sounded pufronting anil astonished in his own sensitive
ear*. Why could he not be like other men, easy and uu-
embarrassi d with his kind? or why, since that might not
be, could he not at least find the sense to hide himself and
hold liis tongue ? Perhaps, as a matter of inet, neither the
Mirprisc nor the patronage was there, except to his own
fancy. At any rate, the young artist felt neither of them,
lmt answered without a touch of the embarrassment his
companion experienced.
“ Yes. Sir. There's nobody got more of it inside him
than that young limn, 1 reckon, not since Sliakspeim- *
time, anyhow. I don’t paint the figgt-r, but il 1 did there's
one thiiig of Shelley’s I *il have on canvas before a year
was over, and I’d ju. t get remembered along with Michael
and Peter Paul, and the whole of that crowd.”
“What is the passage?” the little millionaire asked.
The artist turned solemnly i n his camp-stool, and declaimed
the immortal lines vilely, waving hi* right lwuid up and
down to mark the metre he murdered in delta ly—
“ Tminplinf? the slant wind* on high.
With ffnlitoi-windjillrd feet that glow
I’nder plume* of purple dye
Like nme-ensaniruincd ivory,
A shape comes now ! ”
The accent of Marblehead nosed nud droned through the
words, but Hu- artist was solemnly and beautifully iu
earnest, liis handsome face beamed, and bis blue eyes
looked at the splendid vision ns if they actually saw it
speeding downwind over the translucent sea beyond tlie
tree-stems. . „
The listener wondered how lie lmd ionic to form so
disparaging a judgment of this pleasing young man. lie
bad a self-conscious habit of reading lessons to himself
continually, and he made a memorandum now to the effect
that he Wiis in future to judge- men less by mere manner
than he liad done. He knew all the while that if they
were iu any public place together he would feel uncom¬
fortable. that be would be vicariously gnilt.v of the crimson
tie. mid tlie overgrown auburn mane, the roaring voice and tne
Murbleheud accent. . ,
For the time being very little more was said between atom.
The artist worked away with love and vigour, and the
millionaire looked on for an hour or more, until finally tlie
worker put down liis tools upon tlie grass, and. alter taxing a
rejoicing stretch with bis feet wide apart and bis hands m tlie
air, he began to study liis picture from various distances,
sometimes with a shade of disparagement in his face, but. <>i
tlie whole, with a prettv obvious contentment. ....
” I guess she’ll do,” he said at last. “I shall find o ut
by-nnd-bv something I don’t like, of course; but, for t»
time being, she’ll do. And now, Sir," lie continued, beginning
to pack up liis effects, “ I’m going to stoke the engine.
" You stay at the hotel here? ” asked the millionaire.
“ At the Chateau, ns they -all it? Yes.” -
“ Perhaps vou will be good enough to show me the way.
have already ’been directed, but 1 am afraid I have lost mj
bearings. Can I help you in carrying any of your things.
“ Lord, no ! ” said tlie other; “we’re only three or four
hundred yards away. The weight’s nothing.” ■
They set out together, side by side, and the young pan” ■
talked as he strode along. He had chosen, lie said, a scene
his afternoon's work which whipped the other hollow.
“There’s some of the gaudiest kind of cloud rt™ture
around here vou ever saw, Sir. I ’ve only been here lour ( •
days, and I ’ve seen some effects that have just been 1™
rippin’ lovely. I’ve got a sort of rapid study of one ot Je¬
nna if yon care for that sort of thing I 'll show it you.
nil as quiet as sleep—dove greys, silver greys; but a
pretty ns anything.” . , „„
The millionaire said lie would have the greatest plensmv
looking at the work if he might he allowed; aud whin
TITE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NTTMBETi, 1888.-II
nrtiat had conducted him to the hotel, and had led him up¬
stairs into a bed-room, he said something about having begun
to form a collection of pictures, and murmured of the desire
to add to it.
“Oh, if we’ve got a patron here,” said the painter, with
humorously simulated bustle, “we must move around.
You ’re one of the men that buy pictures. Sir? I have, heard
about the species, nud I ‘ve heard some men talk ns if they run
in shoals. You shall see the whole bag of triekB, Sir, if you
like. There ’a the thing I spoke about. If you standover here
you'll miss the glaze on the surface. It's a bit rough, but
it's just about where I meant it, and it's just got the old
lady's smile, nice and tranquil and young motherly! ”
Paul, the painter, had no shyness, but. praised his own work
where he thought it deserved it with as innocent an enthusiasm
us he would have offered to the work of another. The moneyed
man stood where lu' was placed, and looked at t ie sketch- a
mere expanse of [marly sky and sea, the sky piled with soft
clouds and the sea fie tied by a eutspaw. It was absolutely
simple, and very near to being absolutely true.
“ That is very beautiful,” the little man said shyly. “It
seems quite abominable to ask what do you want for it; hut I
sinndil like to have that, if you are disposed to sell it.”
The artist pulled his heal'd, and looked from the in¬
tending purchaser to his canvas and back agnin, uncertain.
“ Well, that,” he said. “ I do’ no. What
do you think it's worth ? ”
The. bidder felt inclined to offer a some¬
what extravagant price for it: but he eon-
trolled himself, lie had learned long ago that
it was easy to do so much damage with his
money. He was not absolutely certain of bis
own judgment, and if lie were to offer a great
deal more than the work was worth in the
opinion ot better judges than liimaelf he might
spoil the happiness of the artist's life for
years. There could be few tilings bitterer, lie
thought, tlum to find an enthusiastic believer
once, niid never to discover him again. In bis
anxiety not to spoil the painter in that way,
and not to offer a price which should seem an
insult to the delicate beauty of the work, he
felt his position to be almost' painful.
“ If you would (lx a price,” he said
nervously.
“ Well! ” returned the artist, lingering on
the word, “ I don’t rightly know what to suy,
anil that's a fact. It’s a triHe, and if I could
afford it I’d be inclined to suy to a man who
t ink a fancy to it ‘ You can have it.’ Ilut. I
can't afford to suy that, and you shall have it
for wlmt you think a decent, reasonable price.”
“A hundred dollars ? " said the millionaire.
“Sir,” said the painter with enthusiasm,
“ it is yours. If you like to pamper art in my
person I will supply you with two of them a
week, at. the same juice, for u twelvemonth."
“You think that a fair price ? ” the other
asked.
“”T nint fair to ask me that,” the artist
answered, laughing; “ I'm contented with it.
If you are as contented as I am, we 're a pair
of happy people.”
“1 will give you a draft on the Credit
Lyonnais at Nice,'” said the other, and being
provided with pen and ink. the bargain was
then and there ratified by the delivery of the
cheque. “If you wish to utilise that sketch
for your finished picture, pray keep it for a
little while. I am settled here for the whole
winter, and if you will let me know when I
can send for it my man can call.”
“ You're very good, Sir," said the painter,
gravely. “You've got my name all right,"
glancing at the draft he held in his hand.
“ May I ask how you knew it ? ”
“ r heard it called out pretty loudly at
table one night."
"Oil, ah! yes-Major De Vere. I re¬
member. You sat opposite, didn't you? Mr.
I’aul Morton,” he continued, reading the
signature on the document he held with a sort
of fondness in his tone. Then he sighed, like
a man well pleased, folded the paper, and
placed it in liis waistcoat jmeket. At this
moment a bell rang below, “There's feeding
time; we'd best get down. If you’d like a
wash beforehand there are the materials.”
The millionaire accepted this invitation, and
the young giant having rinsed himself after¬
wards, with a good deal of unnecessary splash-
ing, they went down-stairs together, and took
their seats at table. The painter's plate and
table-napkin were set quite apart from those
of the other guests.
“These folks fog me,” he said. “I can't
talk their lingo, and so I like to be by myself.
It, would be a bit dull in the evenings, too,
if one could never ge t away. You spoke ubout
Major De Vere just now. He's a fine sort, that. I had akin
of notion—1 don't mind confessing it—when I set out from
New York, flint if it. happened to be my luck to fall across any
specimen of the real tip-top British aristocrat, I should have
to rile up against him and feel very shirty, and American, and
Republican, and all that. He's the first I've met, and he's
quite a nice disappointment.”
“Major De Vere,” the millionaire said in a questioning
tone, ” is a man of good family ? ”
"Lord, yes! Came over with the Conqueror. Alibis
blood relations are earls and dukes, and that sort of people.
He's a flyer, Major De Yen' is. There’s only one thing I
don't like about him. I wish he wouldn’t play so nasty high ;
but he says he likes the excitement of it. I'do that’; but I
sliould like winning better than losing, and I reckon that the
British aristocrat can afford to lose better than a Yankee
canvas-spoiler. It's a good berth, British aristocrat; and I
fancy there’s a bit of envy in the feeling of some of our
fellows. Maybe, when our jay Gould and Vanderbilt fellows
have been there for a thousand years, they ’ll feel just as safe
and cocky as the others.”
“You have played with Major De Vere?” asked the
millionaire. The artist nodded only, but contrived to put a
considerable meaning into the gesture. “ You have ”-
He was going to say “ lost,” but checked himself, thinking
that the question would sound like an impertinence. The
artist finished the sentence for him.
“ Lost? Well, yes, I should say I had.”
The confidence seemed a little sudden, but then the painter
was so very harum-scarum in his ways, so very free and easy
and boyish, that his new patron found nothing surprising in it,
Bnt he recalled the old doctor's suggestion, and began to
think that it might not be kindly to leave a poor man to bear
the burden of a millionaire's reputation among people who
gambled heavily, even though they might play with perfect
fairness. Somehow, he was not inclined altogether to believe
that Major De Vere would play with perfect fairness. He
doubted the Major's claims to social distinction; he doubted
strongly his being a gentleman in any sense, and was inclined
to appraise him as a mere pretender. lie put Medhurst into a
different category, and, therefore, being at least as shrewd as
he was shy, suspected the apparent partnership between the two
a little more than ever. He began to see that it was his duty
to guard the young fellow from the possible result of a possible
ereor on the part of Messrs. De Vere and Medhurst. This con¬
sideration sent him out with the painter on his afternoon
expedition, although he had almost determined to take the
next train homeward.
” You tell me,” he -aid. bent Upon offering the purposed
enlightenment as naturally as possible, “that you are not
disturbed bv an onlooker?”
“ Not an atom,” Paul protested. “ I like it, so long ns a
man has the sense to hold his jaw at the right times.”
“ And you think 1 may have? " asked tin* millionaire.
“ I think," said Paul, with the candour which distinguished
him, “ that you'd do it if I asked you to ; and I think I should
ask you pretty smart if you wanted it.”
There was a pood humour mingled with this brutal out-
spokenuess which seemed to indicate a certain surety of being
understood in a friendly fashion, and disarmed it of all
offeuMveness.
" lu that case,” said the millionaire, who was growing more
at home every minute, “ I will come with you. 1 am a painter
myself, in luehmisy, amateur kind of way.”
“If you'd like to work,” said Paul, “there are lota of tools
here, and you can take a turn at it. If I saw another fellow
painting anything half as ripping as the scene I'm at I should
get real mad if I couldn't daub as well.”
But this invitation was declined, the amateur having no
henrt to set his crudities side by side with the work of an accom¬
plished artist. The two sipped their coffee together, and the
painter smoked a leisurely pipe, and then they set out again.
“You seemed a little astonished just now,” said the
millionaire, bent upon the fulfilment of the duty he had set
before himself, “ that I should remember your name. It
happens to be the name of a rather intimate friend of mine.”
“ Oh?” said Paul, indifferently.
“ He is said,” the millionaire continued, with a ghastly,
uncomfortable sense that he was boasting of his own despised
dollars, or, at the very least, was bragging of his association
with their owner, “he is said to be an immensely wealthy man.
He is the last man iu the world, I am sure, to think that the
money makes him personally considerable.”
lie felt that he was floundering, and paused. His com¬
panion did not seem to be particularly interested in the wealth
of the man who bore his name.
“It is quite possible,” the millionaire went on, speaking
more abruptly, in his nervousness, than he could have done if
lie had been entirely self-possessed, “ that, bearing the same
name, and being, like him, an American, you may sometimes
be taken for him.”
The painter let out a great laugh at this, and stopped in
his swinging walk to have his laugh out with the more con¬
venience. When it was over, he went on again, with an
expression suddenly grown thoughtful.
“ Do you know,” he said, swinging round upon his com¬
panion and bringing himself to a dead stand, “I’m half
inclined to think that that, 1 ioh happened ; I’m really more
than half inclined to think that it has happened. I 'poll my
soul and body, now 1 I am very much inclined to think that
that has happened.”
His voice grew introspective and thoughtful, and when lie
turned to go on again, lie went slowly, and with occasional
reflective pauses in his walk.
“ Where does he hail from, this Paul Jones?” he asked,
after an interval.
“ New York.”
“Why; so do I, for the last twelve months past. Is hi'
supposed to be on his travels round here ? "
“ I saw his name in a newspaper iu Paris, when we were both
there, saying that lie stayed in the same hotel with us."
“ Great Jupiter ! ” said Paul, .‘•jreuking more than half to
himself. “ I wonder if that accounts for everything. It 's
odd you have struck on that, now. But then, you knew about
the names, and I didn't. What's lie reckoned to be
worth, this Paul Jones?”
“I should be puzzled to tell you,” tin-
millionaire answered lamely, with the shame¬
faced braggart seusation returning stronger
than before. “ I have heard him quoted oft™
as a fifty-million man.”
“Scott!” said the painter. “D'ye think
it's true?”
“ I—I believe so.”
“ Well; he ought to be crucified ! No
man's got the right to own a heap like that
and never offer to split it with his namesakes.
I thought I was the only ‘ Paul Jones ’ going—
since the pirate's day—and I reckon there
can’t be many of us. A million a-pieee
couldn’t hurt him much, among us. Any¬
way, if I fall across him I '11 put in my claim
first, before the other Joneses have time to
get loafing round. First come, first served.”
lie laughed there, and then went on again,
more seriously: ‘ ‘ I couldn't think it, of course,
because I didn’t know it; but I wonder if it's
that what makes those British swells sacom-
liicent with me ? The Major's a very gleeful
ird; but Captain Medhurst is another sort,
and he’s been j list os smooth as cream, all along.
I don’t blame ’em, mind you,” be added, with
hearty honesty. “ If I found a followniee mid
smooth and agreeable to get along with, I
shouldn’t like him any the less for having fifty
millions. I do’no’ why, for I shouldn’t want,
any of his money ; but I reckon it’d put a kind
of halo round his hat, too. Do you know.
Sir, i'm almost certain those two chaps take
me for that millionaire. They cleaned me out.
three nights ago, pretty nearly; and for a
while I was real put to it to know what to do.
A fellow-citizen turned up, by good hap, this
morning, and offered me three hundred dollars
for the tiling I was working on, and promised
to send the possibles over to-morrow. Hut
when I seemed a bit hit about being c leaned
out—and I don’t mind confessing that I was—
the Major laughed, and took it like a joke."
The milliouaire began to feel that his alias
had cost the young man dear.
“Did you lose heavily?" he asked.
“Excuse me—I hope you don’t think I ask
from any impertinent curiosity.”
“I lost pretty near three thousand francs,”
said the painter, "simply; “and I did not like
the look of things at all. But when I came
back to my work this morning I had just struck
a bargain, and it lifted a weight off my
shoulders, I can tell you. I was real gay
when I come back and found you looking r r.
that picture.”
“1 think,” said the millionaire, fee’.ag
bound to lecture the young man a little, “ Hint
there are few vices which give so poor a return
for the pain they cost as gambling.”
“That may be so,” returned the artist;
“but there are points about it, too. Hut if
those chaps take me for that millionaire I
shall take the dust out of their eyes. 1 aiut
hungry for the credit, and I'm hanged if
I’m hungry for the danger. I can’t afford
to have fellows taking me for a fifty million
dollar man ; I wish I could.”
“ You are it great deni better off as you
are," said the millionaire, rather seriously and
sadly. “ You have youth mid enthusiasm, mid
an art in which you hope to excel.”
“ I shouldn’t sink to Mothusnleh’s time of
life on a sudden if anybody made me a present
of n fortune, should I? And as for enthusiasm and art, I'll
trouble all the capitalists in creation to buy me up from
painting. I wouldn’t stop painting to bo President of the
United States, and have the freehold of every acre, from
Greenland down to Terra del Fnego. I suppose other fellows
feel the same about other things; but if 1 couldn't paint I'd
want to die.”
Whilst these two were in the peaceful country, tile enthu¬
siastic Daisy was sweating over liis system at Monte Curio,
watched and guarded by hia more phlegmatic companion.
There was no denying that up to date the Major's invention
had acted wonderfully, and lie was the lion of tho place.
Those dreary croupiers nud wearily wary clufi de parti have
seen so many lions in their time that the biggest mid loudest
of the species can hardly wake them to interest any more.
But the gallery is always new, nt least, iu its sympathies, and
the most war-hardened veteran of them all felt some remem¬
brance of the tlirill of his first battle at the sight of the Major’s
heroic plunges. Do all he could, Medhurst could not held the
efflorescent Daisy back. The system, of course, depended
upon a series of progressions, blit the Slujor, intoxicated by
success, doubled and then quadrupled liis initial stakes, ib
that he left himself no reasonable chance of recouping for a
loss before the maximum of the bank was renclied. As fortune
had it, the rashness paid, and the Major raked in money hand
over hand. He fee'd a man to go beforehand, and supplied
him with a little money to punt cautiously for small stakes
until such time as he appeared. He had his sheaf of thou¬
sand-franc notes in his hand before he had entered the gaming-
room, and when his subordinate resigned his place to him lie
set hia money down in a pile with a noble ostentation,
and won or lost with as splendid a carelessness to look
•tat if he had been a Croesus. When Medhurst could secure
Heart* an 1 voices in accord,
Let uft »ing Thy praises, Lord;
With our anthem fall and clear
BlenJ our sonls with faith sincere,
go that both like incense rise
Of sweet odour to the skits*.
Calling man; a blessing down.
Our frail erring wires to crown.
THE CHRISTMAS ANTHEM.
Draicn by G. P. Jacomb-llo<xl.
Let our lives blest anthems be.
Fall, harmonious, Lord, to Thee;
Permeated through and through
With the grace of heavenly dew,
So that no false note be heard.
Nor one Jangling string be stirred;
Keep our judgments clearly bright.
Fill our hearts with heavenly light I
TILE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888 — 13
was in full sway
plured by the wa
n solemn parley
id cousin Charley,
could he tell,
r he loved her wc
But In an instant cleared her glance,
A partner claimed her for the dance-
One who had gained her maiden vow
To be to him a loving 8]>ouse;
Bo, hearts In tunc, as well as feet,
They mingled with the dancers fleet,
Careering blissfully around
To love's as well as music’s sound.
tllfc tt.LtJStllA'fKD LONDON NE^'S CHRISTMAS NtTMBER, 1888 — 14
a scat bcsido him he did 8j, and if that were impossible he
stood behind l»i« chair, marlring the game, and occasionally
stooping for a whinnered consultation. Tlie table was always
linoa three or four deep whenever the pair were settled to their
work.
Those writers who have described the little world of public
play—and their name is legion—have all insisted upon the
extent and variety of emotion visible in the faces of the
players, though, ns a matter of fact, it would be difficult
to nud auy collection of people who look more flat and
ordinary. Here and there, no doubt, a face is memorable
for its concentration, its fatigue, its avarice, its blazon of
success or failure. But on the whole you can find nowhere
a set of men and women more commonplace in expression
than a set of gamblers; and it is only because men see so
readily what they expect to see that the legend of facial
emotion ever sprang into life, or, at all events, it is only
because of that curious faculty that the legend lives to¬
day. The people who show the real breathless interest,
the genuine devouring sympathy, are the lookers-on,
whose fate is not influenced by the turning of the wheel
to the extent of one centime. Ixion bound to the wheel
grows accustomed in n minute or two, and begins to look
as impassive as a whirling dervish, but the spectator of
his gyrations holds his breath absorbed.
The Major drew in the murmurs of the gallery as if
they had been incense. He played his five or six thousand
francs at a coup, and, confident in the revenge his martin¬
gale would afford him by-aud-by, saw it go under the
croupier’s rake with a smile of pure indifference. When
he hit the bank, and the glittering rouleaux were pushed
towards him and the crisp leaves of bank-paper doubled on
the croupier’s rake were dangled below his rubicund nose,
his calm had something majestic in it. He used a handful
cf gold for a paper-weight to press his growing pile of
bank-notes down, and felt a tranquil glory of financial
strength as lie did it. Money had really never meant very
much to the Mn jor. To be without it, as he knew by experi¬
ence, was deucedly uncomfortable; but when he had it
the coins were only a sort of counter, or token, not in
the least valuable in themselves, but merely symbolical of
the power, consideration, and splendour of the owner.
This philosophic, frame of mind made losing comparatively
easy, whilst it took but little from the sweets of gain.
Bv-aud-by the chances of war set in against the
Major, and he responded with great gallantry to Fortune’s
challenge. Coup by coup he mounted to the maximum,
and lost. He played the maximum again, and lost; again,
and lost. Medhurst stooped with a murmur of warning,
but the Major was not to be daunted or dismayed, lie
fluttered his diminished bank of notes, looked down at
the two or three louis d’or which feebly represented the
glorious pile of five minutes back, and went for the
maximum again with an unmoved countenance. There
was an actual sway and murmur iu the watching crowd,
and, as sometimes' happens, the ball refused to drop.
Second after second went by, the wheel spun slower and
slower, and the marble deviated hither and thither so pr<>-
vokingly that even the Major grew nervous under the
influence of suspense. The ball elickcd at last, the
croupier called, and he had Avon his coup. He took his
payment and left his stakes, and won again; and from
that moment forward the system had it all its own way,
until there hung before its inventor's dazzled eyes the near
prospect of breaking the bank. 11 was his hope, his dream.
lie would sooner have done it than have won the Derby.
It would have served him to brag about for ever, and
would have afforded him a lively consolation, even in
poverty, for the rest of liisdnj's. But it was not to be:
the chauces veered again, and went floating to and fix) so
indeterminately that the indefatigable one grow tired, ancl
rose, still serene and unshaken, the winner of some six
or seven thousund pounds. A little (Jernnin dew, with
very bright and beady eyes, and a face bathed in an oily
perepiration from his interest in this heroic game,
addressed him in terms of admiration.
“ Ah, M'zieu, z’eduit gollozal, foclre eheu ! ”
“ Wlmt's the little beggar say '< ” inquired the Major,
turning to his companion.
“ He says your play was colossal,” Medhurst answered.
The Daisy’s swagger avos always a thing to sec, but it
k probable that in all his life it never became so gloriously
assured a* after that simple tribute.
They had the best rooms the hotel afforded, and the
Major was ready to spend his money like un Kastern
prince. In tlicir'joint sitting-room tlie two got out all
the winnings of the campaign and counted them. They
amounted to nearly twenty thousand pounds, uitd Med-
hurst was almost passionate iu advising the Major to
content himself with that surprising sum and go UAvay
from the chance of losing it.
“Hot!” said the Major, “there’s about us much
chance of losing it ns there is of the Grand Stand at
Epsom walking over here. 1 tell you, it’s the system,
my boy. I don’t say I mightn't have got hit earlier;
but now. with n capital like this to back me, failure isn't
on tlie cards. Here’s the fifth day since avc got down,
nnd 1 had ouo day at ’em before. Here I am Avith an
actual average of more tlinn three thousand pounds a duy,
and you advise me to leave the course when I’ve just
got into my stride and can do the distance without turning
a hair! It's all rubbish, Medhurst. 1 *m not to be had
in that way. I tell you I'm going to bust up the estab¬
lishment, and nothing less will satisfy me. I shall be a
millionaire. Medhurst.”
He made this proclamation with perfect sincerity,
and seemed for the moment so impressed by it that he
dropped his customary swagger altogether, and bccarno
solemnly impressive.
*• You won’t lose by it, old chap,” he went on
- ir a tune somewhere, ‘ Lilia’s a lad;
Isn’t
By
was conferring on his friend. He urns even u little surprised to
find Medhurst apparently so unmoved by this aerial offer. It
was just us real to the Major os if the speculative l.rndred
thousand hail lain on the table there before him; but Med¬
hurst’s mind was of a less poetic and more practical cast, and
so far, though he did full justice to the other’s intent, ho
experienced no especial call to gratitude.
there a song or a tune somewhere, luiia s a uui>
end, die .hull In ’. I like yon. Medhurat. \ou re a
eood fellow. You’ve stuck to mo more than once when
I’ve Ittcu down nud you’ve been up. 1 ’ve done the same
by you when the tablcshnve been turned, and we know
one another, don’t we f ”
This kind of sentimentalism was not Laptam Med-
that ’a true enough,” he answered drily: “ but
wh o There’S this nbout it,” responded the Daisy ; “you
stick to me, keep me from petting too hot, just simply
stand bv and give lue the tip if I show any sign of going
wild, and when I’ve reached the hunilr.d tlionsand there eia
quarter of it tied hard and fast on little [alia, bhc si,a u t be
able to touch tha principal till she s of age, and you shall
hare the management of it in her behalf till then. If any¬
thing should happen to her before ihat-and C.od forbid
it should!—it ’ll come to you. Shake hands on that, rid
' '"riir Major was genuinely and deeply moved by his own
peneroidty and the sense of the importance of the favour ho
many men huvu tried the game before you r How many
men have come here with their systems, with more than
twenty thousand pounds to back them, nnd huve gone back
paupers r Who built those halls of dazzling light where
you’ve been flourishing this last day or twof Who made
the roads and laid out the gardens V Who pays those scores
and scores of impassive devils who relieve each other at
the table ? Who pays for the band that gives you a
concert twice a day Y ”
“ I don’t,” said the Major, stolidly.
“ The fools wlio come here with their systems,” said
Medhurst, waxing parliamentary in tone and gesture.
“ The benighted asses who think that all human expert-
euec is going to contradict itself for their sakes! Every
one of ’ora comes with this proverb running in bis head—
■ The many fail, the one succeeds.’ They come poor, and
go back poorer, they come full, and go back empty. One
in a hundred thousand wins, and goes away to spread the
news of victory. The people who have really lost heavily
hide their losses, either in shame or in fear of damaging
their credit.”
“They haven't got my system, my boy,” responded
the invincible Major.
“Your system!” scoffed Medhurst. “There are
I runs on record which would smash your system like a
I house of cards, and smash you with them."
The Major had ordered a bottle of his favourite
I Poinuierv Greuo, and had lit a cigar of the choicest brand
I to be had in that quarter of the world for love or money,
lie sipped and smoked in luxurious contentment, mid
waved a hand towards the table where liis winnings still
I lay exposed.
“You’ve got a craze, Medhurst,” ho said tranquilly.
“You’re like those teetotal coves who preach against
drink, or the Gospel fellows who think that everybody
who sets foot on a race-course is going to the Devil.
They’ve gut the right on their side in the main. Drink'»
a bad thing, a confounded bad thing” —the Major emptied
and refilled his glass—“but it’s only bad when a man
aint moderate, and a jolly good, comforting, cheerful
I thing when he is. ltacing would be a pretty bod thing if
I all the world went iu for it nnd did nothing else. You've
got right on your side, too. A lot. of chaps have come here
with systems, nud have gone to the bad with ’em—a set
I of rotters,” the Major added with quiet and rooted scorn,
I “ who didn't know that three and three make six. Now,
look here, my boy, it comes to this: I came here on my
I system ” — ■ - CMSs yl.
I ' “Oli, confound your system!” broke in Medhurst.
“It’s no use talking to you.” **i
“Not a bit of use,” replied the Major, cheerfully.
“1 come here on my system, nud X play low first day
I and win, roughly, a couple of thousand pounds. I leave
the place, and I come back to it two or three days later;
I play a bit more boldly, mid I win three thousand.
I Next duy I launch out still more and I wiu over four.
I Next day, over five. To-day, over six. Now, each time
the winnings increase—not because the sitting’s longer,
but because the stakes arc higher, and they go on in—
I what do vou call it ?—geometrical progression.”
“A 11‘right,” said Medhurst; “if wilful will to water,
wilful must drink.”
^Mlm^^plie^ii^Iuter, sipping
“I mean it, Medhurst! ” cried the Major. “ By God, 1
mean it!”
“I’ve no doubt you mean it.” Medhurst answered, with
even an increased dryness; “but you haven't got it, Daisy,
and it isn't the moral certainty you fancy that you ever
will have it. I don't believe there ever was a man with a
system who didn't get his head turned by it, more or less.
Mark my words—you’ll lose in the long run. Every
penny of thut money will go hack to the bank ; every
penny, thut is, thut isn’t spent in the meanwhile. How
, and drink the
t there ia into the
“ I should think
b.u„.uu.^ to ji eutone> ” said Medhurst, gloomily,
after a pause “ I have been here four days, and have
never seen Flic child. I shall bring her over here with
me, and have her somewhere near. She’s too young to
£i't anv harm out of the place, and I want to see more of
her than I have done.”
“ 1 sav, Medhurst,” said the Major, “I don fc thuik
you ’re as' fond of the kid as you ought to be.”
‘ “N,> v ” said Medhurst, glancing sidelong at him, and
beginning to pat c up and down the room.
“No,” said the Major. “ She’s a pretty, jolly little
creature, and if she were mine, begad, I ’d take jolly
good care to have her with me wherever I went.”
“1 daresay,” Medhurst answered, in a tone which he
tried to make indifferent, “But, for my part, I think
.4... v- .. i;i 11 ,. letter where she is.” lie looked at his
Iu re \s a train m a quarter of an hour from
promise me one thing-promise me you won fc
’m a way. You won’t dream of going back
r, of course, and I shall be here again ft little
You won’t play? ”
said the Major; “ I won’t play till you come
lie bundled the money together, with the
.1 two or three notes, which he slipped into hu
:l put the mass of it into a rasli-box, winch
watch. “T!
now. Daisy,
play while I
before dhme
after nine.
“ No.” s:
back agii
except io:
pocket-1
I ll leave that,” he said, “ with the manager,
fer ill hi* bunds than here. Finish your wine,
>1, and I ’ll walk down to the station with you.
a* dusk already, and the evening chill had fallen,
•rt found a carriage to himself when the tram
l1 up to the platform, and as it bore him away,
’ 1 sui in gloomy thought with his hat tilted over
1 his hands thrust deep into his pockets. By-
touk nut from lii* breast-pocket a small port-
n, ana selecting from its contents tlie sameportoat
hud kissed m 1’iiris, lie stood up with it and, steadjmg
hand upon the
hat-rail of the carriage,
looked at it long and earnestly. The light of the lamp
shook constantly us the train jolted along, and thewa*
Of nil in the glass basin every now and then obsemren
the face he garni at, so that it assumed many
to him, looking gay one moment and grave he next, and
running in a flickering interchange fvoni youtli te uge. ^mie
train slacker
and, ;
aiuKened as ^approached an intermediate station,
I ld “ LUla''f a 'lad v V ^safcMreu h ’‘“’it Urbe^no toff of
hers, poor little thing, if she isn’t, though it may be som
° f He was left, alone until the conclusion i of
and at. the door where he surrendered Ins fac *et ound
himself rubbing shoulders with his shy ;
Paris. He was too full of bis own thoughts tanotired
at the moment, but it occurred to him afterward t
I even remembering bow slight their knoudfidgeofe^
other was, the American’s manner '“d teen aspect
unnecessarily iced. There are some thmfP piudioJ -
to which it is not true t!hat the! hand of ’l««g,
ment hath the daintier sense. Medhurst had j or
the cold-shoulder so often that he had got to
it, and had become sensitive to the merest hint ,
mentation. His face gloomed and clouded as he t kti 0 n
when at some five minutes’ distance from the riu U abfc,
he paused in the street to make sure of the house h ®
he made a conscious effort to change lus facial e*P ‘ _ the
He rang a little doubtfully, and stepped badt ® 1 w
street to watch for the movement of some an indoors, be
No light appeared, but a footstep sounding wi
THK ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—15
moved once more towards the entrance. The door opened,
and n shrill v" ; ?, speaking in the local patois, asked his
business. He had no sooner opened his lips in answer than
the voice lost its tone of acerbity.
“Give yourself the trouble to enter, M. le Cupitainc; I
will tiud a light in a moment.” A footstep went shuffling
along the darkened corridor, and the voice shrilled, “ Mademoi¬
selle Ltela, roiri Monsieur , voire papa qui arrive ” At this there
was a joyous shriek from some upper apartment of the house,
and a child’s steps came flying down the stairs.
“ Pa, Pa '. Where are you, Pn r ”
“Here, my darling,” said Medhurst from the doorway:
and the child, rushing impetuously towards him, gave an actual
leap into his arms, and hugged him by the neck in an ebullition
of joy which was almost wild in its intensity. When the
woman who had opened the door returned with a candle,
Medhurst was still nursing the child in his anus: and she,
clipping him with both hands, was leaning a flushed face over
his shoulder.
“This way, Monsieur.” said the woman : and lie followed
her up-stairs, carrying the child, who took his hat off with a
laugh, and hugged him closer afterwards. Up.stairs, he was
shown into a sort of room, where there was a smell of garlic in
the nir. The floor was paved with hexagonal tiles, not-
peculiarly clean, and was uncarpetod. The scattered furniture
was shabbily pretentious, and the
wood tire very meagre. A girl of one
or two and twenty, sallow com*
plexioned, but not unhandsome, sto<xl
in a waiting attitude by the table,
with a piece of embroidery in her
hand. Slu* was dressed in decent
black, and had a dependent and care¬
worn aspect. She curtseyed hi Med¬
hurst on his entrance, ami them, seeing
herself unnoticed, resumed her seat.
Medhurst, dropping down on to a
sofa, took tin* child upon his knee,
and possessed himself of both her
hands.
“ You didn’t expect to see me,
Lilia r” he a»ked.
“ No,” she said, pouting. “ You
haven’t written for a fortnight. Ma¬
dame has been nasty again. She was
horrid this afternoon, and neither
Mademoiselle nor 1 could cat our
dinner. All oil and garlic!” She
gave a shudder, half real and half
mimicry; and Medhurst looked dis¬
turbed ‘
“Never mind, darling,” he said.
“ You sha’n’t stay here any longer.
>Ve ‘re going to Monte Carlo togt titer,
and there you shall stay at an hotel.”
“When shall we gor” cried the
child, springing to the ground, and
seizing him by both lappels of the
coat.
“ As soon as you can get ready,”
her father answered. “ There is a
train in an hour and a half.”
“ Will Mademoiselle go, too? ”
“ (Vrtainly.”
The child turned e
her govern*-ss
news upon her
“Come away!
at once ! 1 ,et us pack up.
miss the train.”
“ I suppose you have not much
luggage. Mademoiselle r” said Med¬
hurst. The young lady shook her
head with a rather sad and meaning
smile. “ Run awav, Lilia,” said the
Captain : “ and begin to p ick.
Mademoiselle will follow in a moment.
I have some business to do with her,
and you can be getting ready the
while.”
The child reaching out her arms
to him. lie stooped and kissed her,
ami she raced enthusiastically from
the room.
“ 1 owe you a year’s salary,” said
Medhurst. “ I will pay you now, ami
you can give me a receipt to-morrow.
1 think I owe you some tiling for your
patience and forbearance, and if you
will accept this I shall Ik? obliged.”
I le offered her a bank-note for live
hundred francs, and she accepted it as
if she were too much dazzled by this
unexpected good fortune to be yet
quite clear about it. “Will von go
to Nice to-morrow,” he continued,
“ and buy whatever may be requisite
for Lilia and yourself? I want you
both to make a good appearance. If
you ran tell me when you will be
ready 1 will be back in time for you. In the meantime, 1 shall
be obliged if you will send the landlady to me.”
The governess withdrew, and the landlady shortly after¬
wards appearing, had her claim settled and gave a receipt for
it. Then Medhurst betook himself to the street, and
wandered to and fro for a time, within hearing of the murmur
of the sea upon the beach. lie was not conscious of his
immediate surroundings ; but he saw quite clearly the sunlit
gardens of Monte Carlo, with himself and the child, both
irreproachably attired, strolling there hand in hand, with the
governess, also irreproachably attired, coming on at a little
distance in the rear. There was something in this picture
altogether delightful to the fatherly affections ; but there was
something more than that. The group looked eminently
reputable. The British father with the pretty daughter and the
sedately respectable, young governess in the neighbourhood
looked very little dangerous, indeed. He was likelier to make
acquaintances so, who might be of use to him. He caught
himself at this mental exercise with such a sudden swiftness
that lie gave a groan of shame and anger, and, turning abruptly
oil his heel, he began to walk rapidly, as if to carry himself
away from the sphere of that reflection. But he had never used
himself to scout his worse or to encourage his better moods,
and by-nnd-by he resigned himself.
“Am I to be without the child because I shall look the
more respectable with her ? Was it my intention in coming
here to make a decoy of her r ”
She would make a sort of decoy, all the same, and in a
minute or two he had reconciled himself to the picture which
at the first glance had so horrified him. Befoie the time drew
near for their departure he found a carriage plying for hire,
and was driven back to the house. The child, already dressed
for the journey, and full of impatience to begin it, fluttered
round him with a restless and excited energy, sometimes seizing
him round the neck from behind his chair, and impetuously
kissing him, and sometimes seating herself on his knee and
sitting quietly for about a minute at a time with her head upon
his breast. Since his wife’s death, eight years ago, Captain
Medhurst hod been very little accustomed to give or receive
caresses, lie felt awkward in his manifestations of affection
now; but more than once the child’s abandonment of joy
touched him with an unexpected keenness. They would never
part again, he told himself, lie would make some sort of fight
with the world, and would rehabilitate himself in the eyes of
those who knew him. In a very few years the little girl would
lx; a woman, and then there would be no hiding from her the
equivocal position he occupied, or the disdain in which he was
held by people who still lived in the circle he lmd left. After
all, he hud only done on very little money what many people
did who had a great deal. He had never been detected in sharp
practice, and no man could lay a finger on any known episode
of his life and say, “ Herein thou art a rogue.” If he, in his
own interior knowledgeof himself, could have guided the accus¬
ing finger pretty often, it made no difference. If the people of
his own set were shy of him it was because they thought him
dangerous, and not because they ever proved him so. Give him
money enough to be respeetuble, and he would keep his hands
so clean that no man would dare to hint that he had ever soiled
them.
That harebrained vision of the Major’s got somehow into
his mind and stuck there. The obstinate, good-hearted fool
might win, if not so much as he dreamt of, enough to make
good his promise ; and if that should happen, his word was as
pood as his bond. Medhurst had no faith in the success of the
Major’s scheme, and yet the hold this fancy took upon him
was remarkable. He caught himself declaring with an inward
stress, at which he laughed mockingly a second later, that the
money should be tied so tightly on the child that he should be
unable to rob her of a penny of it in the Major’s interest.
It was not a pretty tiling to think of, with that pretty little
girl clinging affectionately round his neck; but hud they not
tinkered with that American fellow long enough, and wasn't
it time to begin seriously witli him ? To let him win next
time and make the stakes higher while he was wanning, and
then to sweep the board ? Even after that he might come buck
again if he -were keen set enough, and nothing they were likely
to get out of him would hurt him much.
“ 1’apa ! ” The childish voice recalled him with a pretty
imperiousness. “ I don’t want you to go away again.”
“No, my dear,” he answered. “But I have had to travel
about a great deal, and I could not take you with me away
from your lessons. I shall not have to travel so much now,
and we are going to be together always.”
She gave him a vivid kiss at that, and he dropped back
into his fancies, until the governess warned him that it was
time to start. Lilia was excited beyond measure at the
carriage-drive, and the prospect of the brief railway journey
beyond it.
“It is the season at Monte Carlo, papa,” she said.
“ Madame says so. She says that everybody is there. Every¬
body who is anybody. But everybody is somebody, ren’t lie,
papa ? ”
How pretty, fresh, innocent and mirthful the childish
prattle seemed ! The little mouth was like a surprise-box,
from which something new and pleasing perpetually issued ;
touches of naivete, at which he would have yawned dismally if
they had been recounted of anybody else’s child, made him
bubble with sudden merriment, and sayings, nowise wonderful
or profound, made him start to think how wise and obseivant
Lilia was growing. He had always kept a tender place for
her; but he wondered, more and more, how it was that lie had
never known how much he loved her ! Before they reach «d
the hotel he was overflowing with paternal tenderness, and felt
himself even fluttered and disturbed by it. When he com¬
manded a bed-room for her at the hotel he said to the hetul-
waiter, “This is ray little daughter!” with a proud fond¬
ness which quite pleased that stately personage, who hud little
daughters of his own. The Captain inspected the vooin in
which she was to sleep, saw a fire lighted on the hearth, groped
with his hands about the bed to assure himself that * ie linen
was well aired, and generally pottered about with an old-
bachelor kind of care for her until he completely enlisted the
sympathies of the fcmme-dc-chambrc. He commanded sweet
biscuits and Malaga-and-water, and fed the child with those
dainties as she sat upon his knee. J11
bade her “Good-bye” for the night
very tenderly, and then went to the
rooms the Major and he occupied in
common, in the hope of finding his
companion there. Not finding him,
he strolled back, ten minutes later, to
his Lilia, as she lay in bed, and sat
chatting with her for some ten minutes
before he could tear himself away
again.
This touch of youth and innocence
shed a sort of reflex of youth and
innocence upon his own spirit, and
lie went downstairs gaily to renew his
inquiries for the Major. That gentle¬
man, he was informed, had ftninhed
dinner half an hour ago, had left the
hotel, and had been Keen to cross to¬
wards the Casino. Medhuret, having
lighted un excellent cigar, was huh to
part with it, and so wandered up mid
down in the atrium, weaving his way
through and through the crowd dis¬
gorged by the music-room at the close
of the first half of the nightly concert.
There was no Daisy tn he seen there,
nor yet in the reading-room, lie
could hardly have gone back to play
again after liis solemn promise to the
contrary; and yet Medhmvt was a
little uneasy. Tie was’not quite unea-y
enough to surrender his unfinished
cigar, but. his doubts spoiled its
flavour, and he walked discontentedly
to the head of the outer steps and
stood there surveying the comers and
goers, and vainly striving to make
out the Major’s stalwart swagger
amongst them.
Had he but gone straight into the
play-room he might have averted the
catastrophe of the night. For at the
moment at which Medhurst had
altered the atrium tlic Major was
guilty of a folly and a breach of tailh
in one. It was the Daisy's habit to
take a little more wine than was
actually good for him at iliumr, and
to-day the cheerful brigand had ex¬
ceed! d even his ordinary potations.
He flit that the splendid forum* s of
ihe afternoon afforded the be.-t of
excuses for another bottle. Another
bottle needed such slim excuses at the
worst that the tempter prevailed with
him, and up the other bottle came—
cuveereservee extra sec, with a lough jg
price facing its name on the list. The
Major was willing to pay the longish
price, but if, over and above the sum
set down upon the hotel wine-carte,
lie lmd known that that second bottle
would cost him, in round figures,
twenty thousand sterling, ho would
have heaved it through the plate-glass
window and have paid the damage
with a light heart rather than have
uncorked it. The vision before the
Major 1 8 gaze revealed anything but
loss or the danger of loss; and when
he lmd finished his bottle lie made the
waiter help him on with his furred
overcoat and present him with his liat
and cane and gloves, and so sallied
forth magnificent. He had but a mere handful of money in
his pocket, a wretched three or four thousand francs or so, and
he meant to go over and try a little variation of his system on
a small scale by way of an experiment. He left his outer
adornments in the cloak-room, and after a minute or two of
wuiting found a place at one of the tables. Then he began to
punt quietly W'itli such good fortune that it seemed absurd in
view of it to play a timid game. He launched out therefore,
and almost before lie knew it, found himself changing his last
note into napoleons. By this time lie was eager for the battle,
anil drawing out his card-ease and jewelled pencil lie wrote
and signed a line or two of command to the hotel manager and
whispered the cluf de parti, who spoke an excellent foreign
English. A trustworthy person from the Casino crossed to the
hotel, and a moment or two later the manager and the trust¬
worthy person returned together, the former bearing in his
hands the cash-box entrusted to him, and politely surrendering
it to the owner’s care.
Tiie poor Major! It was almost the last moment of
splendour for many and many a day; but he had never looked
or felt so truly, so imperially noble, as he did when he unlocked
that box, and* the gallery gaped and gasped to see it crammed
almost to the top with bank paper and thickly sown above
with louis d'or. The Major took a heap of the notes, wit limit
counting, and rolled out the gold upon the green cloth.
Then with his scented cambric he brushed away the frag¬
ments of wax which had fallen from the broken seals, diffusing
the perfume of ylaug-ylang to all nostrils. Next, he handed
the box, relocked, to the care of the chef, and began to play in
earnest. He was as sober as a judge to look at, but within¬
doors he was as irresponsible us a child. He began w. II
enough, dropped the variation he hud tested, and relied
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888,—HI
hoses ces.
IWry's magic wand
i rogiteish freak,
rases In thy hand
n bloom upon thy cheek.
'Tie said that Cnpld often lies
In ambush hid among the roses.
Ah, then, beware! lest his bright eyes
Should find you when you gather posies.
from (he Picture bp O.O. Leslie, S.A.
[CoftatOHT Resebvei
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUM BER, 1888,—18
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LONDON.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.- 13
entirely upon his system. He gave that a fair chance, too,
beginning at the beginning, and mounting in due progression
to the maximum which guards the bank, but, losing that, he
went for the gloves, and lost at a pace which was no less than
frightful. At length he deserted his plan recklessly and went
lor the simple chances, the columns, and the dozens. He
set down umximums on each and all — four-and-twenty
thousand francs—and awaited the turn of the wheel. He had
a seat in front of the red diamond, nnd backed his side of the
table, rouge, impair, manque, first dozen, and last column.
He was hit hard already, and his heart kuocked busily against
his ribs as he watched the wheel. Even if he won at this
stupendous ploy it would take him half-a-dozen mips to bring
himself back to the point from which he started; and he had
a sort of dreadful premonition that the result of this one
chance was charged with fnte. If he won, he would break the
bank; and, if he lost, he knew, as only superstitious people,
who have no grounds for their belief, know anything, that he
would rise a ruined man.
The ivory marble gave its first warning click.
“ liien nc va plus ! ”
It fell.
“ Vingt-huit. Noir, pair, et passe.”
The fateful rake gathered up the Major’s twenty-four
thousand francs, and he began, with fingers that trembled in
spite of himself, to count for a new stake. He held out his
hand for the box, and it was a work of some little difficulty to
open it. He couldn't find the keyhole readilv until the
thought of the crowded observers steadied him. then he took
out a second great sheaf of notes, relucked the box, returned
it to the chef, and completed bis stake. At this moment
Medhurst entered the room, nnd seeing that all the idlers of
the place were drawn to one table, uneasily suspected the
Major there. He would not believe his own suspicions all at
once, and protending to himself that lie had discarded them
entirely, lie strolled to the table, and found himself staring
point-blank at his companion between the heads of half-a-
dozen rows of people. There was nothing to indicate the
inward riot in the Major's mind beyond the fact that lie
looked flushed and sulkv, and that lie wore a sort of bull-dog
expression which win. new in Medliurst's knowledge of him.
•' Tuna,” said the croupier's voice. “ Kouge, impair, et
manque.”
The gallery moved, and sent up a cry which was for all the
world like a miniature copy of that which mounts from a
crowd at the sight of a bouquet of fireworks. Medhurst
rounded the table, and pushed eagerly to where the Major sat.
One or two who had remarked hi. association with the player
mado willing way for him; but others, who were strange to
him, resented his" attempt to pass. There was a little scuffle,
and at the encl of it Medhurst was standing at the back of the
Major's chair.
The croupier was counting out thirty thousand francs for
payment to the -Major, uud for an instant Medhurst did not
quite see what had happened, though, with the stakes still
upon the table, and tile money passing to his comrade's hands,
the position of affairs needed little explanation.
“This isn't the system. Major,” Medhurst whispered,
bending above him. ] t never crossed his mind that the Major
had broken into the cash-box. lie supposed him to have
begun with the contents of his poc ket-book, and to have risen
to this daring play by she er luck and audac ity. The Major
answered nothing, but left his stakes upon the table. The
game went on, and the next two or three turns of the wheel
made great inroads on the second pile of notes.
“That’ll do for to-night, Daisy,” Medhurst whispered
again. “ Be content with what you’ve done already. Now,
be persuaded, there's a gocxl fellow. You know,” lie went
on, seeing that the Major preserved an obdurate silence,
“ that you authorised me to stop you if I found vou going
outside the system. You seem to have done pretty well as
things stand, bill vou 'll spoil it all if vou go on at this pac e.”
The tone was' measured carefully enough to reach the
Major's eats only. The words line! no more effec t upon him
than if they had remained unspoken. Medhurst became
charged with a cold anger at the other's obstinacy, and stood
by to watc h whilst the Major's money melted at an uverugo of
some five hundred pounds lor each turn of the wheel. At last
there were but two or three notes of the second pile left, and
Medhurst tried again.
“tonic,” lie whispered, “you’re where you started now, or
thereabouts, hive it up for to-night.”
Eor sole answer the Major turned towards the chef and
extended his hand. The chef held the cash-box towards him,
and Medhurst, with a start and an inarticulate groan of anger,
whic h was audible- to all the table, intercepted it. The Major
turned in his eluiir. and, seizing the cash-box violently with
both hands, drugged it out of Medliurst's grasp, set it upon
the table, and unlocked it. At that, the whole truth Hashing
upon Medliurst’s mind in a second, he seized the Major's burly
shoulders as if he would tear him from his seat.
" You unmitigated ass : " he said, forgetting to measure
liis tone this time. " You have squandered fourteen or fifteen
thousand pounds! Didn’t you give me your solemn word of
honour not to play to-night :-' Dive me that cash-box. You
sha'n’t throw the rest awav.”
“Go to the devil, Sir!” cried the Major, wruihfully.
“ Mind your own business.”
“This is rnv business,” Medhurst answered.
“ I ’ll be hanged if it is, though ! ” said the Major.
At the noise of the strong voices people ran from all parts
“ I have" done," said Medhurst, loudly, but with a self-
possession in the midst of his anger which tile Major could not
command: “ 1 have done what you yourself besought me- to
do. You told me that you were a fool, and not fit to be trusted
at the tables after dinner. You begged me to keep you away,
and authorised me to t ike the money from the table if you
played wildly. 1 have done mv duty, and I wash my hands of
you. You may take your idiotic- coarse alone ! ”
“I am glial,” responded the Major, calling after him as
lie forced his way through the crowd, " 1 am glad to be rid of
your damned impertinent interference on any terms, sir ! ”
And having delivered himself thus, lie turned back with
foolish, fruitless valour to the tables, and did not rise till his
last bank-note was gone. He h id seen that it was going, anil
had reconciled himself so perfectly for the moment in
that irresponsible, happy-go-lucky mind of his that he
laughed with unfeigned good-liumour when it was all
over. He had still a double handful of gold pieces left, but
he was not going to fall to stakes which anybody migh t play after
that superb losing game, so he swaggered with perfect seem¬
ing tranquillity to the vestiaire, secured his stick and hat and
overcoat, and, returning to the hotel, went to his rooms and
ordered wine. As he sat drinking alone he laughed with great
enjoyment once or twice at the recollection of certain small
episodes in the history of the evening, but he began to feel
that there was a cloud’above him. Little by little it descended,
imtil he was saturated with its gloom, lie ordered more wine,
aud the waiter brought his bill. He paid it with lordly oaths,
demanding to know why a gentleman should be insulted by
the proffer of his account before ho asked for it, and
threatening to quit the house next morning. But the news of
the Major’s prodigious losses had readied tile hotel before
him, and the manager was not unnaturally anxious to secure
his money. Perhaps the waiter bad heard the like objurgations
before. People keep hotels under unusual conditions at Monte
Carlo, and the gay-hearted, loud, and lordly person lor whom
nothing is good enough on Monday- is pretty often a mournful
hanger-on on hope and sufferance by the Saturdny. What
Croesuses there are there for a day or two 1 what holders of the
Fortunatus’ purse for an hour.' How they shine nnd swell mid
burgeon, and, oil! liow they wither and diminish! The ex¬
perienced host knows these gentlemen in all their stages. He
must have curious views of the world.
The Major in his convivial hours was wont to give vent to
certain old-fashioned toasts or sentiments, and one of these
was “ May the evening's amusement bear the morning's
reflection." There were few who had greater need to offer up
that petition than the Major. His evening’s amusement had
failed to bear the morning's reflection pretty constantly-, and,
sagely accepting the fact, lie had met the trouble by refusing
to refieet. But ufter that historic niglit nt the tables the
sturdiest refusal was of no avail. Medhurst found him very ill
in bed. He was drinking cliampngnc and seltzer, and his
red face was so swollen that liis eyes seemed half obliterated.
“Medhurst, old boy,” groaned the Major, “do you want
to hear my opinion of myself? ”
“ I have my own,” Medhurst answered.
“You’ve got a right to it. I’m the biggest fool out of
Hanwell. I ought to be harnessed to a sand-cart. There
isn't such another ass alive. If I had to go and play, why
couldn't I stick to the system? To have twenty thousand
pounds, and jack it that way 1 Tweii—tv thousand pounds !
Think of the unlimited spree a fellow might have had with it!
Go out! ” he cried, struggling upright in his wrath and scorn,
" go out aud hire some able-bodied scoundrel to come here and
kick me ! Go and tell 'em that the Daisy he smote himself
resoundingly upon the breast—“ the Daisy is nothing but a
blooming Juggins!"
The reflection was too bitter for him. Ho fell back upon
his pillow and groaned.
" I told you how it would be," said Medhurst. “You were
better off than ever you had been in your life before; and you
must needs throw away everything that chance had given you,
and insult the man who tried to save you, into the bargain.”
“ 1 was a itiadnu n,” said the Major. “ You ought to have
punched my head, Medhurst.”
“I anticipated this,” Medhurst answered : for he was by
no means the man to let an error go unemphasised. He had
thought people very unreasi iniiblv aud cruelly bitter ill his own
ease ; but liis own were the only blunders ever made for which he
was prepared to find excuse. " I expected to be told that I
]| ■ 1 not made my remonstrance strong enough. I endured to
b, told publicly that I was a meddlesome impertinent. You
were good enough to tell me that you were glad to be rid of my
impertinent interference at any price.”
“I beg your pardon, old cliap,” said the Major. “ I was
nil ungrateful ass. I deserve to be kicked. Y'ou can take it
out of me i.ow, and I won't retaliate. I think,” he added
plaintively, " that it would do me good.”
But ill spite of all humiliation on the one side, and all
wrathful contempt upon the other, the twenty thousand
pounds were gone, and there was no way to conjure them back
again.
•' After wliat happened last niglit,” said Medhurst, with a
certain harsh and cold dignity, which never failed to have its
effect upon the Major, " 1 do not see what you and 1 have to
do with each otlu r.' I do not propose to leave you stranded”-
“ Good I xml! Medhurst! ” ejaculated the Daisy. “ You ’re
not talking about leaving me for'a liastv word?"
“ After the occurrences of last night,” returned Medhurst,
“ and the public scandal you Were pleased to put upon me, I
do lint see what remains but that.”
The Major, wallowing in his bedclothes, groaned anew, and
then sat up again.
" I was screwed last niglit. old chap,” he said pitoonslv.
“ 1 didn't know what I was saying. I beg your pardon, with
all my heart. Hang it. old mail, pitch into me as much us ever
you like, but don’t cut lue ! And we've got such a plant on
between us with that Yankee that we may be just as well off
again in a wtek. I made him promise to come and dine to¬
night, and we've fiddled about with him quite long enough, in
all conscience ! ”
It lmd never been Medliurst’s intention to part company
with His colleague, so that when lie had fullv assert, d liis own
wrongs, and the Major laid suffi. ieutlv humiliated himself, lie
consented to be partly reconciled.
“ I agree,” lie said, “ on one condition. You have cleaned
yourself out completely, of course: so long us we are here
t igether I must have charge of our joint belongings. I shall
not allow you more than a Hundred francs at a time, and if
you like to fool that away at the tables, you may—though I
don't suppose that such a capital will tempt you.”
Tlie Major, for the sake of peace, was willing to accede to
anything, and would have accepted much harder conditions
than those imposed upon him.
“ You want money now ? ” asked Medhurst.
“ No,” said the Daisy ; “I've got a louis or two.”
lie spoke with no intent to deceive ; but when, an hour or
two later, lie got up aud languidly dressed himself, he dis¬
covered that lie had considerably underrated liis belongings,
and overhauling all liis garments he contrived to gather
together nearly as much as the sum which had sufficed him for
the beginning of his campaign against the bank. At this dis¬
covery. hope rose anew within his spirit. His bath had done
something for him, and breakfast—begun with extreme dis¬
taste and languor, but finally accomplished with some
semblance of energy, did more. By two o’clock he felt him¬
self liis own man again, and learning on inquiry that
Medhurst had left the hotel until half-past seven, the Major
walked towards the Casino. He was, to be sure, a little shaky
in his gait, and a little guilty in liis thoughts; but his
habitual swagger hid his perturbation from the public eye,
uud when he strolled into the mtk-tte-jeu he looked so little
moved by last night's catastrophe that the few who recognised
him resolved either that, he was a cool hand indeed, or that he
must be quite a Rothschild.
Finding a seat at his accustomed table he went back
humbly to Ills system, aud to his original method of playing
it. Fortune, less kind to him than at the beginning, yet
relented a little, and he prospered so far that before it was
time to make ready for dinner he -was playing pretty high
again, and was once more the chief centre of interest at the
table.
In the meantime Medhurst, after his domiciliary visit, had
sent for his little daughter, and had set out with her upon a
rural excursion for tlie day. He would have been in better
trim for it if the Major's behaviour hod been different, but he
had had to reconcile himself to so many losses of his own that
lie found it comparatively easy to forget another's. And
though he was on pleasure bent, he had a frugal mind. He
would give himself a day of fatherly intercourse with his
child, and would, ut the same time, make sure that tho
American millionaire should keep his appointment for dinner.
This mingling of the domestic and Hie vulpine was a little
bizarre, perliaps; but Captain Medhurst did not feel it to be so.
He bowled off to Juan-les-Pins with the child, and allowed
his fluttered spirits to be gradually calmed by her gay and
innocent talk. Arriving there in time lor luncheon, he met
the young artist at table.
" I am giving my little daughter a day's holiday,” lie said.
“ We spoke of your painting last time you did us the pleasure
to dine with Major lie Vere and myself, olid I thought you
might not consider me impudent if I ask leave to look at one
or two of your drawings.”
l’aul. scenting a possible patron, assented immediately.
Ho would have said " Yes ’’ to anybody, for his work was his
one pride aud joy; but he said it more readily when lie
thought he saw a chance of doing business. It was on the
tip of liis tongue lialf-a-dozen times to ask if Medhurst had
tukeu him for the millionaire; but, candid and outspoken as his
manners were, he was not without delicacy. It was not easy to
hint that this courteous nnd hospitable acquaintance had only
been willing to know him because lie had thought him
enormously rich, aud without some suggestion of that kind
Paul hardly saw his way to the inquiry. He kept silence,
therefore, with respect to that topic; though Medhurst once
gave him an actual chance. It was when they were in the
painter’s bed-room together, and Paul was displaying his work.
"Really,” said the Captain, settling his pince-nez and
surveying the canvas before him with some signs of surprise,
“this is very remarkable work!” He did not know much
ubout pictures, but lie knew enough to be able to make some
distinction between the ordinary inefficiency of the amateur
and this bold yet subtle delineation of Nature. “ I suppose,”
lie went i n, “that it would be unfair to ask yon, considering
liow short a time you have been here, if you have anything
more to show me? ”
“ I work pretty fast,” said Paul. “ I have done three other
things, but they have gone away.”
He could have said, easily enough, that he had sold them ;
but lie shrank somehow from that declaration.
When lie went out to resume liis afternoon's labours, Med-
liurst walked with him, and stood by to watch the progress
of the work. But this was not verv much in his line, and
in a whUe lie begun to yawn beliind his gloved lingers. By-
aud-by, with some profession of admiration for the beauties of
the landscape, and his desire to see more of them, he strolled
away with Lilia’s hand in liis. Short as their acquaintance
lmd been, the child and the artist were already excellent friends,
and she called out to him in her clear treble that they would
rot be long away, aud he turned to nod smilingly at her and
to wave his broad-brimmed sombrero. They had not gone far
when, rounding n little rocky headland, • the child found a
natural chair, formed in its side, and shrilled the intelligence
of tills wonderful discovery at papa.
“ Come and look, papa!” she cried ecstatically. “There
is room for two.”
She insisted on sitting down with him, and lie was obedient
for that day, at least, to all her whims.
“You have not smoked since luncheon,” she said, with a
pretty assumption of beiu 0 elderly. “ That is because you are
out with a lady. But she docs not obj ect to the smell of tobacco
in the open air, and you can have your cigar.”
With that she rummaged in l.is pockets for liis cigar-ease
and the little silver box in which he carried his wax matches.
Then, having struck a light for him, she arranged liis hat in
an idly rakish posture, aud disposed his hands until he looked
sufficiently restful to her fancy.
“ Now,” she said, holding up a warning finger to him,
“ you will stay like that imtil you arc strong enough to go on
again. I am going to see if "there are any shells. There are
not nearly so many here as there used to be at Hastings. Now,
stay like that, and be good. For if you move away I shall
lose you, and how you would get back to Monte Carlo without
me, goodness gracious knows! ”
" Ah, my dear,” he answered, putting liis arms about her,
“ it would be very hard to have to go without you.”
She kissed him with a swift vivacity, but immediately
reproved his breach of orders.
” You are to stay like that”—rearranging him, and giving
his hat a more languidly rakish cock than before. “ You aie
not to over-exert yourself; and you are not to move till I
eouie back again.”
“Very well,” her father answered, with a keener delight
in all this childish fun than he would have thought possible
the day before. The child clambered down the rocks, turning
every now and then to see that he retained the posture in
which she had placed him ; and his eyes followed her with u
tender and affectionate complacence.
Until within half an hour, the warm winter sun had been
shilling full upon the place he occupied, so that there was no
sense of dullness in the stone. He was in shadow now, and
something in the attitude in which liis little daughter had
placed him coincided so completely with the dreamy stillness
of the scene, and with liis own pleuinut, idle, after-luncheon
sensations, that he was within an ace of falling into a doze,
when a strange voice pronounced his name, almost in liis ear.
“This — what do you cull him?—Captain Medhurst.
What is he?”
Captain Medhurst had never -been more wide awake in liis
life, but he felt a sort of dreamlike sensation still, nnd sat
quite silent, hidden, as lie knew very well, by the overhanging
rocks amidst which he sat. The voice he had heard sounded
elderly, and was unmistakably American, smooth, agreeable,
and cultured, aud Bostonian in every- tone.
“ 1 don't know what to muke of him,” said another voice,
which Medhurst recognised immediately. “ He's a gentleman
unmistakably, or, rather, I should be inclined to say that un¬
mistakably he has been.”
Medhurst was nine-tenths inclined to rise and reveal him¬
self. It is proverbial thut listeners rarely hear good of them¬
selves. The speakers had paused, aud, as he guessed, had sat
down out of sight above him. They seemed disposed to
discuss him with some candour, and he hardly cared to he
present unseen at n candid bundling of his own character.
“ He has rather the look of a roue,” the second voice went
on, “ and yet there are certain marks of distinction about
him.”
“ Aud the other man—what do you call him ?—De Vere ? ”
' ‘ Vulgar from head to foot. Of course oue would not
like to say on such slender evidence, that practically it is no
evidence at all, that they are auything but honourable and
high-minded men, but I don't like the fact that the young
fellow has fallen info his hands. They think him prodigiously
rich, they have induced him already to play for high stakes,
aud when I bought the sketch from him the other day he con¬
fessed to me that they had almost cleaned him out already,
lint for the fact that he had sold a picture that morning he
told me that he would not have known where to turn. He is a
gold medalist, and has a three years’ travelling allowance; but
with nil he can eo n he cannot afford such associates as Major
De Vere and Captain Medhurst.”
This was very curious matter for Medhurst’s hearing, and
he was so surprised and so eager to hear more that he sat still
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—20
Mothers who regard Realth and Beauty in your Children!
Read Ois!!! It will Repay yon a Qousand-Fold! 11
HE delicate Skin of Infants and Children is particularly liable to injury from coarse and unrefined Toilet Soap, which
is commonly adulterated with the most pernicious ingredients; hence frequently, the irritability, redness, and blotchy
appearance of the Skin, from which many Children suffer. It should be remembered that ARTIFICIALLY
COLOURED SOAPS ARE FREQUENTLY POISONOUS, particularly the Red, Blue and Green
varieties; and nearly all Toilet Soaps contain an excess of Soda. Very White Soaps, such as "Curd,” usually
contain much more Soda than others, owing to the use of Cocoa Nut Oil, which makes a bad, strongly alkaline
Soap, very injurious to the Skin, besides leaving a disagreeable odour on it. The serious injury to Children resulting from these
Soaps often remains unsuspected in spite of nature’s warnings, until the unhealthy and irritable condition of the Skin has developed'
into some unsightly disease, not infrequently baffling the skill of the most eminent Dermatologists
ITS DEEP BROWN AMBER COLOUR IS NATURAL TO IT, AND ACQUIRED BY AGE ALONE.
p PEARS' SOAP
FOR THE TOILET, NURSERY, AND SHAVING. PURE, FRAGRANT, AND DURABLE.
A careful perusal of the following Reports of the most Eminent Analytical Chemists, together with the Testimonials of the 6lite of the Medical Authorities on the Skin, will convince the
most sceptical of the immense Superiority of PEARS’ SOAP.
REPORTS OF EMINENT ANALYSTS.
From Dr. REDWOOD, Ph.D., F.C.S., F.I.G., Sc.;
Professor of Chemistry and Pharmacy to the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain.
"/TkESSRS. Pears have long been celebrated for their Transparent Soap (Trans-
parent Soap was invented by them), and from frequent examinations and analyses of it
during a period of thirty years, I can certify that it possesses the properties of an efficient yet mild
detergent, without any of the objectionable properties of ordinary Soaps, which usually contain free
fatty acid or caustic alkali, or alkaline salts, giving them a greasy* acrid, or irritating character. It is
quite free from Cocoa Nut Oil and artificial colouring matter, and may be relied upon for great purity,
uniformity of composition, and agreeable perfume. It may be represented as a perfect Toilet Soap.”
From CHARLES R. C. TICHBORHE, Esq., LL.D., F.I.C., F.C.S., Sc.; Lecturer on Chemistry at
Carmichael College of Medicine, Dublin, and Chemist to the Apothecaries' Hall of Ireland.
‘"T* HAVE made three separate and independent analyses of Pears’ Transparent Soap,
the samples being procured by myself at ordinary Retail Shops, and from these examinations
I am enabled to certify to its purity. It is made in the most perfect manner, and is free from any
causticity—to persons of delicate skin a question of vital importance. Being free from all adulter¬
ation with water its durability is really remarkable. I cannot speak too highly of it, for it strikingly
illustrates the perfection of Toilet Soap. Within the last few years a great number of Transparent
Soaps, imitations of Messrs. Pears’ invention, have appeared in the market of a most inferior and
injurious character, consisting of Cocoa Nut Oil, Glycerine, and a large addition of water, and I
have found in them over five per cent, of free caustic soda, and nearly one-third water. I need
hardly say that such Soaps are necessarily most hurtful.’*
From Professor JOHN ATTFIELD, F.R.S., Professor of Practical Chemistry to the Pharmaceutical Society
of Great Britain; Author of a Manual of General, Medical, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
‘"T’ HAVE annually, for the past ten years, made an independent analysis of your TranS-
,-L, parent Soap, and have not found it to vary in quality or in composition. It contains
neither excess of alkali nor of moisture, and it is free from artificial colouring matter. A better,
purer, or more usefully durable Soap cannot be made.”
From Professor CHARLES A. CAMERON, M.D., F.R.C.S.I., S.Sc. Camb. Univ.; Professor of Chemistry
and Hygiene in the Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland; Medical Officer of Health & Analyst for Dublin,
"Y HAVE analysed Samples of Pears’ Soap, purchased by myself in Dublin. I find it
<JL» remarkably good—prepared from pure materials, combined in the proper proportions, and
free from Cocoa Nut Oil and from artificial colouring. It may safely be used upon the skin of the
tenderest infant.”
From STEVENSON McADAM, Esq., Ph.D., Ac.; Lecturer on Chemistry, Surgeons’ Hall, Edinburgh.
HAVE made careful analyses of several tablets of Pears’ Transparent Soap,
r** which I obtained indiscriminately at different shops in Edinburgh, and 1 can certify to its
being a pure and genuine Soap, free from admixture with any foreign substances, and practically
devoid of causticity. It combines detergent with emollient properties in a high degree, and it may
therefore be used with great advantage for toilet and bath purposes, especially in the case of
children and others whose skin is soft and delicate, and liable to be affected by the impure and
caustic nature of ordinary Soaps.*’ _
PEARS’SOAP HAS BEEN AWARDED FIFTEEN INTERNATIONAL HONOURS FOR COMPLEXION SOAP.
MEDICAL TESTIMONIALS.
From Professor Sir ERASMUS WILSON, Professor of Dermatology, Royal College of Surgeons of England
[in the “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine.”]
“ /JvHE use of a good Soap is certainly calculated to preserve the skin in health, to maintain its
Vir complexion and tone, and prevent its falling into wrinkles. PEARS is a name engraven
on the memory of the ‘oldest inhabitants ’; and Pears’ Transparent Soap is an article
of the nicest and most careful manufacture, and the most refreshing and agreeable of balms for
the skin.”
Dr. TILBURY-FOX, late Physician to the Skin Department, University College Hospital, London.
“ EARS’ Soap is the best Soap made ."—Vidi Tilbury-Fox on the "Skin," p. 509.
Mr. JOHN L. MILTON, Senior Surgeon, St. John's Hospital for the Skin, London.
From the "Bygiene of the Skin.”
“' 1 VROM time to time I have tried many different Soaps, and I have now, after Fifteen Years
/Jk-1 careful trial in many hundreds of cases, both in Hospital and Private Practice, no hesita¬
tion in giving my verdict to the effect that nothing has answered so well, or proved so beneficial to
the skin, as Pears' Transparent Soap.”
From “The Bath in Health and Disease,” by the same Author.
“ EARS’ Soap is unrivalled for purity, and is really the most economical of Soaps, as it
/JL- contains scarcely any water, as Professor Attfield’s analysis incontestibly demonstrates.”
Dr. BARR MEADOWS, Physician to the National Institution for the Skin, London.
‘‘^TJJJEARS* Soap is, in my estimation, gTeatly superior to any other form of Soap with
• which I am acquainted, and my best testimony to the fact is—always using it myself.
Mr. JOHN STARTIN, late Physician to St. John's Hospital for the Skin, London.
H OR many years I have had pleasure in recommending and using Pears’ Soap »»
preference to every other , as being perfectly free from those impurities so prejudicial to the
skin, found in most Soaps.”
Mr. JAMES STARTIN, Surgeon and Lecturer at St. John’s Hospital for the Skin, London,
Successor to the late Mr. John Startin.
“ S to the Soap you should use : Having made innumerable experiments with all the best
known Toilet Soaps, both of English and Continental Makers, my experience as regards
Pears’ Soap endorses that of the late Mr. James Startin, Professor Erasmus Wilson, Dr.
Tilbury-Fox, and similar writers ; I have invariably found it perfectly pure, and the most efficacious
in health and disease, and hence 1 recommend it to patients in preference to all others.”
H. S. PURDON, M.D., Physician to the Belfast Skin Hospital.
" HE best Soap I know is Pears’ Transparent Soap, and 1 recommend it to patient.
VU and friends.”
FOR WASHING.
Cablets # Balls, Is. each. Larger $izes, 1/6 & 2b
(The 2 6 Tablet is perfumed with Otto of Roses). A Smaller Tablet (unscented) is sold at 6d.
FOR SHAVING.
Stick (J&tiS*) or Round (Jake (£S SL) Price Is.
~ SUFFICIENT FOR TWELVE MONTHS’ AVERAGE CONSUMPTION.
Larger Sizes of each Shape, 1/0 and 2/0 each.
IMPORTANT NOTICE TO CONSUMERS OF PEARS’ SOAP.
PEARS’ SOAP IS SOLD EVERYWHERE.
H F any obstacle is thrown in the way of its purchase by dishonest Dealers, the Proprietors will supply it
direct at the following prices, on receipt of P.O.O., but they prefer and recommend that the JhiDiic
obtain the Soap through the trade. This Notice is necessary, as vilely injurious imitations are olltn
substituted for eatra profit, even by dealers who would be thought “respectable," some of whom attiac
you into their shops or stores by marking PEARS’ SOAP, as a bait, at lea than cost price, ana
——-- then recommend you to take some rubbish on which they get a large profit. Consumers have stmpiy
o insist on having PEARS SOAP, remembering that any substitute is offered for the advantage of the Se J
Per Per
Retail. Single doz.
6d. (unscented) 5/_
I/- 10/-
ise of 12 doz. Case free, ar
irriage paid in Gt. Britai:
£2 12/6
£5
I Retail. Single doz.
1/6 15/-
2/6 25/-
>cr case of rz doz. Case free,
Carriage paid in Gt. BriU
£7 10/-
£12 10 /-
A.&F. PEARS,
&oap fakers bp appointment to
D.B.ll. G0e llrtnce of (Sjafrs.
wyi
(Late 38 & 91, Great Russell-street),
LONDON. W.C.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—21
What can the ragamuffin mean ?
Such monster Ponto ne'er had seen;
And, trembling more and more, he secs
The figure, caught by sudden breeze,
Cut such queer capers, round and round
Fast whirling, though securely bound;
That Ponto scampers off In dread.
And leaves hifl duckling prey half dead.
Our greedy Ponto, inly chuckling,
Nips by the neck a dainty duckling;
And would have stifled its last quack.
But sudden pauses—there, alack!
Before him stands a goblin creature,
Half man, yet lacking form and feature
His arms stick out, his garments wave.
But he Is silent as the grave.
Drawn by Stanley Berkeley.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 18S8.— 22
as a stone and listened intently, with no lingering idea of pro¬
claiming himself.
“ You warned the young fellow ? ” said the elder voice.
“ 1 put it to him that he might be taken for u certain very
wealthy person of the same name as liimself. I could not
warn him against these English military people, to whose
disadvantage I know absolutely nothing.”
” That warning alone should have been enough for him,
•• It does not seem to have been so. He told me yesterday
that he hail an engagement to dine with them this evening at
Monte Carlo, and said that he was going to try to win back his
" Really, my dear Paul, I don’t see that you have any need
to concern yourself further about the matter. You are not
Paul Jones’ keeper, and vou have done what von could.”
” It is that stupid alias of mine that has done the whole
mischief. The boy is perfectly frank and open. He tells me
lie never played in liis life before, except for the simplest
stakes, and ite talks about the splendid excitemeut of the game
m a way which makes me think him likely to be betrayed into
mischief.”
“You seem to be pretty sure that these two Englishmen
fastened upon him because they supposed him to lie yourself i"
"Because they supposed him to have my money?—yes.
I haven’t the slightest doubt about that. But in spite of that
they may be very decent people. We all know men who have
money whom we would not know nt nil in poverty, and do not
vastly care to know even as things are.”
There was a pause at this point, anil after it the elder man
asked—
“ You take an interest in the boy ? ”
“ Yes. He seems likely to put a feather in the cap of
American art. I think he lias a real genius for his work, and
I know that it was my alias which put him into danger.
These an- reasons enough for interest, surely 1- ’’
“ Ample, my dear Paul: ample,” letunied the elder.
Tlien there was another pause.
“ There are two or three tilings very well worth painting in
til ■ neighbourhood of Mentone. We might get him over there,
and keep him a little out of the way of these people, it will
seem unite natural in Americans to offer him hospitality, and I
want him t > paint me a picture or two.”
“ Y’oii know where he is nt work now ? ” asked the elder.
“ I think l can find him. Shall we go?”
There was a sound of footsteps grating on the rough stones
of the hill-side walk, and they and the voices gradually faded
out of hearing together. Modhurst sat still and wondered
rather disconsolately. Fortune hud seemed to cast a great
prize in his way, and when lie had made actually sure of it
had suddenly struck it worthless Is-tween his thumb and
finger. lie had been so shrewdly certain that the painter was
playing at poverty that the mernorr of his own confidence
humiliated him, and made him feel like u foolish dupe. The
young fellow had never disguised anything, and had behaved
with perfect naturalness from first to last. He had even told
Modhurst and tile Major—in language as plain us any man
need employ for such ii purpose—that he was poor, and had to
work for his living. In sweet enjoyment of their acumen thev
had chuckled over this as a piece of Yankee shrewdness, anil
had thought how unavailing it was bv tha side of the para¬
graph in the Paris edition of the A'tw York Herald which
blazoned the millionaire's arrival. Modhurst had reconciled
himself to tlia Major’s losses, partly because they were the
Major's, and not his own. but partly also because he bad seen
a veritable Golcondii ahead, and had meant to be in port no
later than that evening.
it hait n.-ver been a superstition of Captain Medhnrst’s to
pay his debts with any unseemly hurry. But with that un¬
expected windfall from the Majoi's early winnings he had, to
the great surprise of half-a-dozen creditors, scattered as many
hundreds abroad. lie had likewise made some expensive
purchases, for lie was a believer in Mr. Wemroick's thcoij of
” portable property," and liked to utilise good fortune in that
way. 1 1 was his mode of provision against the inevitable rainy
day to buy articles of value upon which his Aunt or his Uncle—
according to his residence in France or England—would
advance him money if need were. Now, what with his in¬
cautious payment of old debts and his extravagant purchases,
lie found himself within two or three hundred pounds of
poverty, and the land of (ioicouda had turned out to be no
better than a mirage. The real owner of ten millions sterling
was as little likely to come to his rail as any man alive.
It was really liiltr to awake from such a dream, and even
people who do not make a precarious living by experiment on
the vices and follies of his fellow-men may have a sympathetic
understanding of Captaui Medhurst's situation.
I.ilia had scrambled out of sight, and lie was so absorbed in
liis own reflections that lie had forgotten her. The child hod
found at the bottom of the headland an imposing precipice of
some six feet in depth between her and the pebbly strand, and,
not being disposed to face this, had wandered oil in search of
an easier descent. The road she Hit upon led upward rather
than downward, and in a while she found herself upon a small
promontory of rock, which jutted out into clear water, and,
somewhat to her surprise, commanded a view of the artist.
She signalled him with a laugh of artless triumph, as if she
hail been successful in a game of hide-and-seek; and he,
looking up at this gay burst of childish music, waved his hand
to tier. A second later lie rose with some sign of agitation
from his ramp-stool, signing her back, and shouting to her
"Take ran-!” Whether this energetic warning precipitated
the accident it might be difficult to say. Perhaps the child's
perch, foreshortened from the artist* point of view, looked less
tenable than it really was: but, ot the cry, she felt a sudden
insecurity, and looked about her for a way of return. Almost
immediately upon the artist's shoot her father cried “ Lilia ! ”
in a voice of alarm ; and, seeming swiftly to realise a daugcr
she had not felt till then, she made a false step, lost her foot¬
hold, and pluuged backward with a shriek of terror into tho
water. Siedhurst ivas alreadv afoot when the cry of the
failing child reached his ears. 'He scrambled madly down the
rock, braising his limbs and tearing liis clothes in his progress.
In a minute he stood on the spot from which his child had
fallen, and realised with a thrill of hopeless horror that the water
below him was full twenty feet in dentil. To attempt a rescue
was to go to certain death, for he could not swim a yard; but at
the very instant when this horror alt e ked him he caught a
flash of something white in the water, and realised the fact
that Paul Jones was there, swimming ot a prodigious pace
towards the spot where Lilia had fallen. The pointer ha l
thrown offliii coat in running, and the flash ot white came
from his shirt-sleeves. He swam like a seal or an otter, for he
had many a time spent the third port of a long summer day
a mile or two out from the cliffs of his nativo place, wallowing
in til" waves of the salt Atlantic, and was almost as much at
home in Ih • water as upon the land. The wretched father,
wringing his hands together, stood helplessly to watch. Lilia
had sunk, ami his ugouised gaze sought her in vain ; but Paul
Junes knew her wheroabonU, and, arriving just as she cutne to
"the surface, put one mighty arm abont her, and held her there
in safety lie lnoki-d np at Medhnrst and sang out cheerily—
“She’s oil right, old man! It’s nothing more than n
ducking. Don't be frightened, darling; you’re all right
now. No danger. Nothing but a dip and out again.”
He tolled over like some monster native to the deep, and
swam in shore, bcariug liis light burden easily. As lie waded
to the land, he took the child in both arms, and saw that she
had fainted from the shock of fear.
"Come on to the hotel! ” lie bellowed to Medhnrst.
“ There ’a no harm done. She ’ll be all right in half an Imnr!”
He ran to where he had left his jacket on the beach, an 1,
folding it tightly about the child, tie raced off towards the
hotel with her, leaving a shining track of moisture behiud Him
as he went. The millionaire and Dr Morris, who had arrived
in time to witness the rescue, hurried after him; and Med¬
hnrst, climbing back to the footway in wild excitement, shot
past them at racing speed in pursuit of the painter and liis
burden. The}’ arrived at the hotel almost together.
“She's all right, the little darling,” said Paul, as Med¬
hnrst came up panting. ” Look at her. There's them pretty
little violets opening again, and the roses coming back. Scared,
wasn’t you, pretty? No wonder neither. Send one of the
Women-’folk' up,” he added to Medhnrst, “ to get these wet
things off her. I ’ll carry her up to my own room.”
The house was in a’bustle for a moment, but it was soon
over. Five minutes later Medhnrst was seated by the artist’s
bed, and the child, warm aud dr} - , and safe and sound, was
lying in it beside him. He was very strongly moved, anil
felt that if he had tried to speak he must needs have broken
into tears. Somebody had carried out Paul's portmanteau,
and the young fellow, when he had changed liis garments in
another room, came and rapped gently nt tile door of liis own
chamber. Medhnrst, rising to open the door, took him by the
hand and wrung it hard, without saying a word.
“ All right, old man,” said Panl, himself more moved by
the sight of the father's emotion than he cared to show.
“ How are we now ? Nice and warm ? That’swell. 1'in no
great believer in wine for children as a general rule, ('uptuin ;
nut I don't think a little drop of port with hot water and,
maybe, just half an hour's nap after it, would do any harm in
this case. Shall I send it up ? ”
Medhnrst, not yet able to trust himself to speak, nodded
in assent, and Paul slipped away.
“ A gallant rescue, Sir,” said the old doctor, warmly, us
the painter appeared upon the stairs. Paul gave his order
before replying, and the old gentleman repeated his encomium,
and was even so fur carried from that repose which stamps the
high-bred Bostonian as to put the young Hercules on the buck.
“ Well, no,” said Paul; “ it don’t take much gallantry to
swim fifty yawls aud back in smooth water.”
“It was a most providential thing,” said Paul, the
millionaire, “that a strong swimmer happened to be so near
at hand.”
“I am with yon, Sir,” Paul, the painter, answered.
“That’s another pair of shoes. That poor father's in a
state!"
The recollection of Medhnrst’s emotion was too much for
him, and lie had either »o be silent or to break down. He
chose to be silent, and the doctor insisted upon ordering a
bottle of wine and made him partake of it, though he laughed
at the precaution.
Medhurst administered the port negus by the spoonful
with some coufused recollection of the danger of taking
nourishment too rapidly after a long period of hunger. Every
now aud aguiu he set the glass down to kiss the child,
and altogether he experienced more emotion and became
aware of a tenderer affection than any man who had known
him would have given him credit for. When all the negus
was consumed, he closed the jalousies at the window, and drew
the curtains.
“ Try to go to sleep for a little while, my darling,” he
whispered, “ and you will wake up quite strong and well.”
He took liis seat by the bedside again, and, waiting therein
the darkness, was struck upon a sudden by one curious and
unpleasant thought. This same Paul Jones, who was mt a
millionaire, hud saved his child's life, and he had won a hundred
and twenty pounds from him, which the young man could ill,
indeed, afford to lose. The Major had lost everything. There
was a pretty heavy bill to meet at the hotel. Without that
hundred and twenty pounds, the firm would be very near
poverty again, and vet it began to look base to keep it. It
was, of course, impossible to return it openly.
Captain Medhurst had certain natural qualifications which
would hove allowed him to shine as a eard-conjuror, if he had
oared for the sort of fame which is to be earned in that
direction. He preferred to employ his cultivated gift in coaxing
Fortune, whose proverbial fickleness of regard grows stable
when she is courted after a certain manner. Vulgarly, to
interfere with chance in a game of chance is said to fee to
client; and people who cheat at cards are held up to universal
disapprobation, even by other people who cheat at cards and
have not yet been detected. The only plea on which Medhurst
could surrender the money was that he had won it unfairly—
an altogether impossible confession. Medhurst was not a very
delicate man; but everybody has his limitations, whether in
the way of virtue or its opposite ; and he did not like to rob
poor people. Against the wealthy his method of war had a
certain aspect of fairness. If a rich man risked a little money
which was of no great value to him, Medhurst risked a reputa¬
tion, without which he was doubly and trebly mined. The
intellectual ways of most people are full of crookedness, and
to think straight is one of the rarest of human gifts. But when
a man’s morals have gone crooked, aud liis intellectual part
gives itself over to the ta-k of proving that they keep the just
right line of rectitude, the sinuosities of the mental way grow
curious indeed.
He thought of sending Paul the money anonymously, and
could find no means of doing it which would quite divert
suspicion from himself. He would be seeming to pay the
painter for the child's life, and that did not look like a
chivalrous thing in the circumstances. He thought of giving
him a commission to paint a picture, but tlmt would be only
to get value for the money. One thing oulv he resolved upon —
the lad should not softer at his hands.
He thought it rather hard lines that the Major should have
had his share of the winnings, and have got rid of them in so
insensate a fashion. The burden would fall entirely upon
himself, nnd when he had devised the means of taking it up he
meant to bear it. Somehow, in the later years of liis career, lie
was always beginning life anew. He felt half a spite at Paul
for not being the personage he had been taken for, in which
ease Generosity herself could have asked no more than that he
should be allowed to go scot-free for the future.
“ I shall be on the hard pan again,” mused the Captain.
“It's deuced hard lines, as it turns out, that I never learned to
swim.”
Three hours later, Medhurst, Paul, and Lilia were rolling
smoothly along by train towards Monte Curio, the child
surveying her own personal appearance oddly, and being
subdued, and perhaps a little frightened, by the fact that she
was dressed in mourning. A widow lady staying at the
hotel, with a daughter of the child’s age, had volunteered to
Medhurst to supply a change of dress, and the offer had been
gratefully accepted. The Major was at the hotel to receive
them, and was so marvellously recovered from his miseries of
the morning that even Medhurst was surprised, though years
of intimacy laid made hint familiar with that transformation
There were very few mornings on which tho Major hud net ii
fit of repentance for something or other, mid very few evenings
on which he had not forgotten liis troubles; but liis remorse
of that morning nnd his gaiety ot that evening were quite
phenomenal in comparison with each other. 1
As has already been related, the Major had been snccrssfut
ngnin nt the tables, and that fact, of course, was of service lo
liiin. Beyond that, this was the evening for opening operations
in earnest against Paul Jones’s millions, and the splendour i t
liis hopes illumined the Major’s spirits.
Medhurst, attributing tile mumble brigand's jollity to me
cause alone, was all the more sombre aud solemn because of it
The partnership, as lie knew full well, was not going to wiii
anything from Paul Jones that evening; mid even if he hail
had the best will in tile world to exploit his gmst there was mi
little to will that the game would not have been worth the
candle. Half-a-dozen times he resolved lo take the Major out
mid tell him all about it, but he put off the evil moment, it
would l>e time enough by-and-by.
Paul and the Major had never been such admirable ram.
panious ns they were that evening. They told stories aguiuit
one another, and roun d nt each other's jokes until the vi rv
waiters, to whom their eonversation was a fori ign mystery,
could not refrain from smiling. Medlmrst sat very gloomy mj,i
silent through it all, until upon a sudden lie likewiie
brightened up.
When the table was cleared it was Medhurst who mndetl.c
first allusion to the cards.
"Come," said he to Paul, “you must have your revenge."
rani, nothing loth, drew up to the table, produced liis
handful of money, and prepared for the combat. The Major
was an excellent confederate, but Siedhurst was the master
spirit of tlie two, and the Daisy followed liis lend with the
most implicit confidence. The leader ivas relieved to see the
Major pull out a sinali handful of gnl l from Ills pocket. At
least, lie thought, there Would ben little left to begin the world
anew upon.
There was one peculiarity in tlie game on which Panl Jones
had not counted, if he hod known it he might, possibly, have
decided not to play with these tw o extremely dexterous gentle¬
men. The peculiarity was simply that when Medhurst dealt
he knew every card Paul aud the Major held, aud that whin
tlie Major dealt he occupied the same position of advantage.
Medliurst. dealt the first hand, doling out worthless cards to
himself and the Major, and giving Paul a hand of unusual
excellence. The Major iimnediutily followed bis colleague's
tactics. They pleased him well, because they made it evident
to him that Medliurst was going to make his great splash that
evening, mid was simply paving tlie way to an increase of tlie
stakes. Paul had never had such luck in his life, and lie and
tlie Major roared with laughter ovei one particular deal, when
at the conclusion of a hand the cards were exposed, (in a
sudden, to the Major's intense astonishment, Medhnrst poshed
back his chair from the table, and arose.
“ That will do,” he said, “lam out of sorts to-night, and
I shall play no more.”
“ \\ hat on earth's the matter with you ? ” cried the
Major.
"I’m out of sorts,” said Medhurst, “I shall play no
more.”
"Oh! very well,” said the Major, sulkily. “If you like
to break up tlie party ”-
“ Yes, said Medhurst; “if you put it that way, I like to
break up tlie party.”
But that this was plainly equivalent to a command, the
Major would have challenged his supposed millionaire to n
single encounter. As it was he left the room grumpily, and
Medliurst, resuming his seat at the table, addressed Paul, who
was a little astonished at tlie sudden cessation of play. When
Medhurst eliose he could be very dignified and suave, and lie
pat on his best manner now.
” I daresay,” he began, “ that I shall surprise yon by whnt
1 am going to say, but i shall beg you not to be hurt by it. 1
inn a good deal older than yourself, and, if I may say so with¬
out offence, more of a man of the world. My friend, Maji r
De Vere, is one of tlie richest men in England, and one of ti e
Heaviest and most daring gamblers in tlie world. For eximq !c,
he lost twenty thousand pounds last night nt the tables in re.
and set everybody talking about his Mnitjfrutd and the tre¬
mendous character of liis play. Now, .Major De Vere made un
odd little mistake about you, which I discovered only yester¬
day. Do you happen to know that there is a person ol ym.r
own name now ill the Riviera, and, like yourself, mi Ami ricaii,
who is said to be one of the richest men in the States : ”
“ I know there is such a man ; I didn't know that he was
in tlie Riviera."
“ I have met him here,” said Medliurst, gravely, “and so
have you.”
“ Tlie dooee I have ! ” said Paul, staring.
“ Unless I am very mnch mistaken," answered Medlmrst,
“ he is travelling under the name of Morton, and he stayed at
the same hotel with us in Paris.” At this announcement Paul
fell back into his chair and cmilted a long whistle of astonish¬
ment. “ He has probably assumed the name for the sake of
privacy. Whatever liis motive may be, we are justified in
presuming it to be honourable mid blameless. And now comes
my explanation. When iny friend Major He Vere learned
yesterday, for the first time, that Mr. Paul Jones tlie millionaire
had stayed in the same hotel with us in Paris, lie leaped
naturally to the conclusion that you were that fortunate per¬
sonage, and in liis reckless and jovial way, which by this time
you know so well, he said to me t' at la ro was an opponent
worthy of liis steel, and that he wo.il l l.u.c such a game with
you as should set the whole confederation of enrdplayens m
England and America quite agog. I believe,” said Medhurst.
with an unmoved countenance, "that he has ordered a hundred
thousand pounds to be set to his credit here in order that he
might meet you. I did not nnd; ceive him, though I had a
rarlier distinct memory of tlie millionaire, who was pointed
out to mo at a reception of Mr. Vunderbiit’s in New Y'ork tost
year. And now, perhaps, you may see why I stopped toe
game when Fortune had restored to you something like the
sum you had already lost to us. I hoped for that chance t"
happen; and I will tell my friend De Vere the facts of toe
case—or will keep them between ourselves, just as you
choose.**
“ Tell him, by all means ! ” said Paul. “ / don’t want to
pass for a millionaire: I can’t afford it! ”
“And, will you, my dear Joucs,” continued
witli on almost fatherly air, “ penult me to offer you a *0*°°
advice ? Don’t gamble. De Vere and I play high ; nncl
me to preach against gambling is very like the Devil reprovu
sin; but our incomes are assured, and our lives are eruptv »'
interest. You, with your delightful art and your
talents, have a great career before you. Don’t run any n *r.
losing it by getting absorbed in the mad excitement 01 w
gaming-table. I have seen more promising Young men ruin
in that fashion than T care to sav. I need not tell you l
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888 — 23
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The illustrated London news Christmas number, isss —24
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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.-25
Yea, down the huntsman s tropny came,
And down hla horn came rattling toe
In such a racket small the blame
Young hounds some trepidation knew
Scared by the sight they yelping fled.
Whom foxes soon will flee with dread.
As three young hounds sniffed round the hall.
One caught a glimpse of Reynard's head,
Placed ns a trophy ’gainst the wall;
And so, not knowing it was dead,
True to his breed, he gave a bound.
And brought the fox-head to the ground.
i
I
)
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—26
much the interest I originally felt in you haa been deepened by
the event of this afternoon.”
He had been lying like a Trojan, and I suppose that at his
best in these days he was pretty much of a knave, taking him
by and large, as the seafaring folk say. But here he was
genuinely moved, and his voice stuck in his throat so that he
had to “ hem” and “ha” considerably before he could make
way for it.
“ If I could induce you to promise,” he went on, “ that you
would never touch a card again, I should believe myself almost
to have repaid you to-day’s inestimable service.”
The young Paul was easily moved at any time, and both on
account of the service he had done, and the kindness he had
received, his heart wanned to his adviser.
“ That, ’a a bargain, Captain Medhurst,” he said, holding
out his hand.
” I am very much obliged to you,” Medhurst answered,
simply, and almost at that moment the Major re-entered.
“ t say, Major De Vere,” cried Paul, “ you’ll have to find
somebody else to spend that hundred thousand pounds sterling
on. It won’t come into my pockets.”
The Major looked with a transient bewilderment at Med¬
hurst, who telegraphed him by a wink and a nod of the head
from behind Paul’s shoulder.
“ That ’» a bit of a pity for you, isn’t it ? ” Baid the Major.
“ Well, yes,” said Paul. “ And it’s even a bit more of a
pity than it would have been if I’d been the man you took me
for.”
Medhurst slid in with a smooth explanation, and Paul,
catching the humorous side of it and going off into a great
shout of laughter, the Major, by an heroic effort, found
presence of mind to start another, and being once started he
laughed almost hysterically, until he and Paul sat opposite to
each other exhausted, and with tears in their eyes.
80 the firm’s credit was saved, and young Paul was saved, and
the confederates were at least no worse off than they had been.
But so curiously is the human mind constructed that when
the Major heard the story at full he almost worshipped Med¬
hurst for his self-abnegation. There was only one regret in
his mind about the whole matter. Captaiu Medhurst’s honour
was upon occasion impeached in his hearing, and there were
circumstances even in this heroic self-surrender which made it
impossible to clear him by relating t.
d0w[ d^olauml illustrations.
“A DAUGHTER OF EV E.”
You brown-eyed beauty, so sedate,
There sitting still, in simple state,
What are you thinking of, I wonder?
What knotty problem do you ponder?
Is it of some tough rule of grammar,
That you into your head would hammer?
Perhaps a sum in Rule-of-three
Just puzzles you as it did me?
Or is it of that dress, span new.
Which dear Mamma has promised you,
For that grand party where you’re going?
Whate’er your thoughts, there is no knowing
What the most simple one may be,
UnlesB you hand us o’er the key—
Not bo secure the secret hid
Within old Cheops’ pyramid.
Open yonr heart for but a minute,
That we may see what’s stirring in it.
No feelings there find dwelling place,
I'm sure, save those of tenderest grace;
For don’t your features just express
The spirit’s inner loveliness?
But though we cannot guess one thought
Within your fancy's meshes caught,
Yet know we what your life will be,
Without the gift of prophecy :
For, being Eve's fair daughter, you
Must feel life’s joys and sorrows too.
Yes, you will have strange fluctuations
Of tranquil joys and tribulations;
Despondent moods and hopes elastic,
Grave sober bliss and thoughts fantastic.
Time now with feet of lead will creep,
Anon with soaring pinions sweep.
Thick darkness, like a funeral pall.
At times will gather, blackening all;
And then life’s sun, in the ascendant,
Will flash his glorious rays resplendent.
Eve’s daughter fair, we wish for you
Friends in abundance, warm and true—
The primest blessing here below,
Save one, that mortals e’er can know ;
And may that one be yours as well
When you a few more years can tell;
Enchant some faithful heart, and give
Your own—Love's joy superlative.
Thus blest and blessing, you shall feel
The choicest bliss life can reveal.
John Lash Latey.
“A-HUNTING WE WILL GO.”
“ Hark forrard 1 Yoicks 1 Tally-ho !
This morn a-hunting we will go ! ”
Thus sang or shouted out young Golder,
With his pet niece upon his shoulder ;
And she, transported, waved his whip,
Loud shouting in companionship.
They chatted gaily as they went,
Discussing this and that event;
She from her elevated sphere
Whispering her thanks into his ear.
“ Dear Uncle Joe, you are so kind;
You ’ll spoil me, if you do not mind.
Why that dear pony which you gave—
Only, yon said, my neck to save—•
It is the sweetest, quietest,
And of all ponies quite the best.
And now you say, when I am grown
You’ll give a hunter, all my own,
With which the hounds I then may follow—
Oh, won’t I beat Miss Tallant hollow ?
I’ll take the hedges as I’ve seen
You clear them on your Beauty Queen.
Oh, thanks, dear Uncle l Will you see
What brother Tom has given me—
Such funny things—a guinea-pig,
That dances oft the queerest jig ;
Two hedgehogs, with their prickly hides;
A ferret, and a lot besides ?
You can’t come now ? Well, never mind ;
Good-bye! You mustn’t be behind.
Oh, there they are, and what a sight]
The men. so gay and ladies bright;
And there, at last, comes Uncle Joe—
The very bravest of the show.
They ’re off : hurray J with three times three!
Dear Uncle , bring the brush to me ! ”—J. L. L.
“ CHARMING KATE.”
A ball-room belle was charming Kate, who took the town by storm;
In her first heyday, quite elate, and with affections warm,
She ran the round of youthful Joya In gaiety of soul.
And gladly saw her name Inscribed on Fashion’s muster-roll.
Beaux fluttered round her, so that she could pick and choose at will;
But soon the gay scene palled on her, and loft her craving still.
She looked around upon the world, saw the vast miaoi-y there.
And soon, by gaiety oppressed, shrank back from Pleasure’s glare.
So, throwing off her gay attire, and drest In sober guise.
She seeks the homes of poverty, and many a want supplies;
But most by gentle courtesy of sympathising care,
And tending sick-beds tenderly, she lightens anguish there.
Sweet was the admiration she In ball-rooms gained before.
But sweeter far the reverent love of hor devoted pOi.r.—J.- L. L.
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MAPLE and CO.’S NEW
1VL SPECIMEN DINING-ROOMS, decorated and
fully appointed with furniture in pollard oak, brown
oak, Chippendale mahogany, antique carved oak,
American walnut, and other woods, arc now open to the
public, and Bhould be seen by all Intending purchasers.
rjiHIRTY SPECIMEN ROOMS.
HOHE SPECIMEN ROOMS at
A Messrs. MAPLE and CO.'S are good examples ol
HKJH-CI.AS.S DECORATIVE FURNISHING, carried
out in Jierfect taste, without extravagant expenditure.
Everyone about to furnish or rearrange their resi¬
dences, should by all means Inspect these apartments.
THESE ROOMS are not only
1 helpful as showing the effect of the furniture
when arranged In an apartment, but also most
suggesttvo as regards decorative treatment, ns well as
a guide to the entire cost of furnishing in any selected
style—MAPLE and CO., Decora torn and Furnishers.
J^ECOEATIONS.
TT'XHIBITION of DECORATIVE
Jlj AKT. EXAMPLES of ART DECORATIONS
In Carton-picrre. Tvnccastlo Tapestry, Llncrusta,
Japanese and Flock Papers, Silk, Tapestry, and
Japanese Embroidered Panels, Cretonne, Eastern Bugs
and Mattings, Hand - painted Friezes, ami interior
woodwork. Thirty Specimen-rooms, constituting a
unique exhibition of Decorative Art, are now open to
visitors.
THE BUXTON SUITE, 24 Guineas.
The BUXTON Drawing-room Suite, comprising a comfortable Couch, two Easy and six Occasional Chair*, upholstered
In fashionable Tapestry or Velvet: a handsome Cabinet, with carved panels to lower door*,and cupboard above inclosed
by bevelled plate-glass doors; elegant Overmantel, with seven bevelled silvered plates; and Octagonal Contre Table.
Walnut or Ebonlsed, 24 Gr‘-
24 Guineas.
F UBNITUBE for EXPOBTATION.
VISITORS, as well as MERCHANTS, are INVITED
to INSPECT the largest FURNISHING ESTABLISH¬
MENT In tho world. Hundreds of Thousands of Pounds’
worth of Furniture, Bedsteads, Carpets, Curtains, Ac.,
all ready for immediate shipment. Having large apace,
all goods are packed on the premises by experienced
packers; very essential when goods aro for exportation
to insure safe delivery. The reputation of half a
century.
ATAPLE and CO., Upholsterers by
J-vX special appointment to her Majesty tho Queen.
The reputation of half a century. Factories Beaumont-
place, Eu» ton-rood ; Southampton-buildings, Llverpool-
road ; Park-street, Islington, Ac.
H undbeds of thousands of
POUNDS WORTH of Manufactured GOODS
ready for Immediate delivery. All goods marked in plain
figures for net cosh—a system established 50 years.
M aple
and CO.’S CARPETS.
MAPLE & CO., London, Paris, Smyrna, and Calle Florida, Buenos Ayres.
M aple and co.’S Brussels
CARPETS.—MAPLE and CO. havo aiway* In
stock Brussels Carpcte made to stand the test ol uaiiy
use, both as regards texture and colourings, in zaci,
their carpets for hard, street-like wear have become
almost proverbial.
/CARPETS for HARD, STREET-
\J LIKE WEAR.—MAPLE and CO/S No. 4 quality
Is an extra stout Brussels Carpet, suitable for rooms
where there Is constant tread, and woven witn regaru
to durability rather than elaboration of design, a
bordered Carpet of this grade, 9 ft. by 9 fL, can be haa
for forty shillings.
riARPETS for HARD, STREET-
\J LIKE WEAR.—-The “Maple” Brand Brussels
Carpet Is a special extra quality, mad© of selects
yams, and In all the designs and <»lourings for Iwh.
including some most wonderful replications of famow
Eastern Carpets. This quality cannot fail to affora
permanent satisfaction in use.
rpURKEY CARPETS.
A TURKEY CARPET is, above
£.11 othere, the most suitable lor “
dinlng-rc >m, its agreeable warmth of ^lourug
enhancing the effect of the furniture and dccorauoi»,
and Indicating alike the good taste and comfort*
circumstances of its possessor.
TURKEY CARPETS. —MAPLE
X and CO. are the very largeat iniponers of Turx .
Carpets: and having a Branch House at X
with agency at Ouchak, the cent™ "/J* 0 "n 0Te *
district, are able to exorcise close superyls on ot
the whole process of manufacture, which
wav in Which excellent* of colouring and workman
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—27
ALL IN SEARCH OF , 4
P^WWMNESS’
ELECTROPATHIC BELT
pamphlet free,
aduct, London, E.
CmapTO
World. It Insti
Burns, Sprains,
the Side. Joint
Rheumatic 1'aii
STATUETTE
The new and enlargi
Practical Hints and
HIMROD'S CUR
CONDITION, and ENT1IU
ibtained from HARNESS’ Electropathh
nt, 52, OXFORD-STREET, London, Vf.
LADIES
Epilepsy, Fei
Paralysis, Liv
Spinal Weakneai, Cor
Indigestion, Get
Oout,
Exhaustion,
Sleeplee
HARNESS’ ELECTROPATHIC APPLIANCES
Promptly, Absolutely, and Permanently CURE.
IVIEIV and WOMEN
1 ray eyesight^fnr^a
the best of health,
n-.'-mng y..ur Kl.-rtr-pni
ly, H. Jonbs."
CONKIDENC
o, Brighton.—Dear 8ir,—I beg
veariug your Electropathic Be
treatment whenever I have i
recommending
DISEASE ENTIRELY LEFT
oad, Gcddington, Kettering, June
(iuarantood (ienuiiio Galvanic Curative Appliance recommended by the Leading Medical and Scientific Authorities.
y i.« VOX T A TV K’ KTIPPP’R IINIfi f- . - r !. r. •••;.'i w’ i ivih-p ■>? w li , 1 . \ mi :ir»- a ui.oi ' "U wi II find Hint H ARNES8* ELECTROPATHIC
I It -you yywi-* SUP p KKiivtr I, ,, r..„,f..rtau.- t -wear. ,. r . . . ■ • - t. orMTITMCM
. ... . - i .. , •. t, . . r ii \ iiM.--'■ i I i.i I I:«*! • \TH !«• HKI.T -i •• .u f r tin- ns.i> a large tiu up ter of them util I LLIYItll
. • .i m;\, !.,][■ • • 1 . ....... ..'f . . . i- .11 f |. I ,j.o.\K«.Ul»-SIHKi:r. W.immiT.ir Until hone-place). .
v . ... r . , 1 - IK \or HiVK V kkamix t • f-ir tint > u:r miITt: m/, are or complicated. you are rccumineoded to call; or, if Suffering from ItR A l> -
' u rc-i'lr at a •Ji-' in.-.' tL r t. f-r k j>'v-.'i.-• \.|. K->r:u u li t h ,* i.o -ent j .u by j> «st twi:Ii Pan.plilcn. free of charge. FAQ and Nervous Die-
ALL IN SEARCH OF HEALTH should wear Harness’ world-famed Electropathic Belt.
inn n n II a nuroo 1 ' ' • >• - 'f El.rrici.ol. •!. , a: SZ. OXFORD* ILasiwa' in, Pamidilet.
MR. C. B. HARNESS, street, i.n S , w.. . - - m
TREATMENT. | ‘ r,ci ^:'i k»t-FREE.
THE FOLLOWING ARE A FEW EXTRACTS from the thousandt of unsolicited
TESTIMONIALS
received by Mr. Harness. The public are invited to call and inspect the Original s at th
Electropathic Consulting Rooms, 52, Oxford-street, W .:—
“ BETTER IN EVERY WAY." w
CONSTIPATION &. LADIES' AILMENTS. — “ Port more Hon«
remember the day they saw our advert
and rational system of ELECTItOPAT
HARD FACTS.
RESIDENTS AT A DI(
for “ Private Advice Fori
and Copies of Testimonial!
, , NOTE ONLY
ADDRESS-
-LONG TESTED.
NEVER EQUALLED.
By Her Majesty’s
Royal Letters Patent.
NO MORE SLAMMING OF DOORS.
'The COLUMBIA”
DOOR CHECK & SPRING.
This Invontton might appropriately be called the
“PHANTOM DOOR CLOSER,"
for it Is almost Bilpernattiral in its action, and never
fails to close a door silently as if guided by the
human hand.
INDISPENSABLE WHERE QUIET IS NECESSARY.
ALL DRAUGHTS AVOIDED.
INDISPENSABLE for the DOORS OF
Hotels, Churches, Theatres, Banking- Houses,
Law Courts, Po9fc Offices, School-houses,
Hospitals, Public Buildings of all kinds.
Shops, Warehouses, Counting-houses, Private
Dwellings, Railway, Waiting-rooms, Railway
Carriages, Steam-ships, &c., and in fact for
all doors, large or small, which are liable
to slam. Send for Illustrated Circular. Chief
Depot in Great Britain ; 4«, Holborn Viaduct,
• London, E.C.
To the MEDICAL PROFESSION.
C.B. BIRCH, A.R.A.
A limited num¬
ber of terra-cotta
reproductions
have been cast
liy the Torquay
Pottery Co.
-TORPID LIVER
rjr————a —1 Positively cured b
PARTFRQ theseLitUepiUs -
! L/rtn I Ll\0 T1 >ey also relieve Dl
Thlg rood should be tried wherever other nourishment has
Constipation a,
easiest to take.
| and do not grip*
Positively cured by
[CDV these Little Pills.
I Ll\0 They also relieve Dis¬
tress from Dyspepsia,
|TT|F Indigestion, and Too
At JpTra Hearty Eating. A per-
I \M b D feet remedy tor Dizzi-
M w bl\ nese, Nausea. Drowsi-
P| ||_C ness, Bad Taste in the
m Sm ■ Mouth, Coated Tongue,
^| Pain in the Bide, etc.
They regulate the
-.—I Bowels and prevent
i ana Piles. The smallest and
ce. 40 in a phial. Purely Vegetable,
frip*) or purge, but by their gentle
e all who use them. Established
dard Pill of the United States. In
l$d. Bold by all Chemists, or sent
JMSm,
Coughs, Sudden Colds, Cramp in Stomach. Colic,
LHarrhcea, and Cholera Infantum. It affords Relief not
to bo obtained by other Remedies. Of all Chemists, at
Is. 1 Jd. and 2s. 9d. per Bottle,
HIMROD’S
CURE for ASTHMA.
AT1SS EMILY F AIT II FULL, in
ItA "THUKK visits to AMERICA," thus writes
HIMROD'S ASTHMA POWDER,
----- -- -— siuus isi.iurm um uni proved entirely satisfactory.
It is already Cooked—Requires neither boiling nor stralning-Is made In a minute.
Allen $■ Hanburys*
Infants Food
fo™a\?oToM^m 1 fl»h y nn‘l P £J.. t0 « h ° di Sfstlve organs of Young Children, supplying all that Is require ! for the
°rU™ bepenuanonlly ™ Uh * haVC a ‘ Unii “ i lhe ^ which ucods
T U i '" n "f aml r “" (,,rMtlons wrampany each Tin. Price fld. Is., 5s, and 10a., Everywhere.
Important Caution to the Public.^ As a protection against Counterfeits sec that each tin bears
ALL El* & HAN BUR YS’ Nome.
When the Pie was opened /
The Birds began to sing ■
The praises of
BIRD'S
CUSTARD
POWDER.
DINNER AND SUPPER DAINTIES—CLEVER RECIPES GIVEN AWAY!
f Perry Davis'
ABLE I Pain Killer.
r a| ■ aful The Oldest,
ILlaWirn WU^ly n -known
V-y> Family Medi-
_ cine in the
Relieves and Cures Severe Scalds,
es. Toothache, Headache, Pains In
id Limbs, nnd all Neuralgic and
Taken^ Internally Cures at once
M ^ ^ 5 CLEVER RECIPES ARE GIVEN AWAY
g— ,nth e,er r P » ckrt of BIBB’S CBSTABD FOWDEB.
I I I ■ ■ This admirable substitute for Eggs is most enjoyable with
■ W II ml a Tinned and Preserved Frulte, and provides an Endless Variety
^ w JL Of Choice Dishes.
A great 1 n 4» ^ J
LUXURY. || Sl^r Cl =
PUBLIC CAUTION. ¥| ]
Refuse Imitations of Bird's Choice, I ^ f "\T II f
Delicious Custard Powder. I MM M M ^ j I
Sold everywhere,
in 6d. Boxes, suffi¬
cient for three pints;
Is. Boxes for seven
pints.
PUBLIC CAUTION.
Beftxse Imitations of Bird's Choice,
Delicious Custard Powder.
. and Supper Table will be sent, post-free, on receipt of address, by
OD ATIQ I ALFRKD BIRD and Sons, Birmingham. N.B.-Grocers can have
U11H I IU ■ copies for distribution among their customers on application.
« J ~ y f No Christmas Festivities arc complete
Ur vw UI. 111? t/ X • without tile delightful thirst-quenching
a®H O N T S E R R A T:::
PURE LIME-FRUIT JUICE.
Y can be had everywhere, In Imperial Quarts and Pints, can be diluted and sweetened
\ to taste, and is far stronger than any other. See name of Sole Consignees.
EVANS, SONS, and CO., U on the capsule and label of each Bottle.
f FREE FROM ADULTERATION.”
(With apologies to our greatest Poet, and our
most renowned Actor.)
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.— 29
/\ -?$#;
A* ■ '
^ JT, ■■ ‘
*«r
. ; ,. , fV .
: 'A '
, ~.• •• .- -ft-V • • '•
- A ;> •. t A s'
. - N . ^4'
'■’•• "s ' *• ' 1 ;''y~§ f •
O lho barking and the mowing!
Some dire mischief sure is brewing,
FI vo fair girls go to find out
What the hubbub is about;
Armed with household weapons, they
Grope with fear their trembling way.
A DOMESTIC TROUBLE.
Drawn by Louis Wain.
Stop3 at once the running light
Ab the maidens come in sight.
First the doggie has a scolding,
While two girls the cats are holding;
Then one maid, the rest departed,
Nurses doggie, broken-hearted.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888.—30
CHRISTMAS VOICES.
t roar of voices ” which goes up from our mighty metro¬
polis with so tremendous & sound has in it nothing so prof¬
oundly impressive to the mind as those more various and
significant voices wlioh break in upon the solitude of the
thinker as he sits, alone, by the Christmas fire. It was well
that the Christian Church, by seising on the pagan festival,
and ooDsecrating it with a new and holy interest which its
members oould not but joyfully recognise, provided us with an
opportunity of resting from our sordid pursuits—from “ the
weariness, the fever, and the fret" of the struggling, grasping
world—and thus of taking stock, as it were, of the things of
the past; for these pauses in the battle of life, when for ever
so brief an interval the clang of the chariots and tbe con¬
tentions of the armed men cease from the land, must needs
refresh and invigorate the soul, and keep alive in it those
purer sensibilities, those higher impulses, which might other¬
wise desert us altogether, as the fragrance fades from the
flower which is shut up always in the darkness. Are not all of
us the better for the voyages which Memory on such occasions
makes across tho gulf of the years, bringing back from the
shsres that are constantly receding furtherand further from us
much happy spoil and treasures of the days gone by ! But it is
then, too, that the voices swell tumultuously, as it were, upon
the breeze, and haunt ns in our still and solitary hours. To those
who have reached the term of middle age—whose lives lie
mainly in the past, it is, indeed and in truth, “ a roar of voices ! ”
How numerous they are—how conflicting, how varied in their
tones—how diversified in their meaning! Listen, listen, to
them with patience and fortitude, and you may separate and
distinguish each from the other; for no two are alike—the
refrain is never, never the same.
Can yon not, for instance, single out the voices of those
bright ambitions which filled your youth with their radiant
illusions ? Those bold, buoyant ambitions which went forth
so cheerily into the future, and counted so securely on accom¬
plishing their aims ! And those golden hopes, which floated
before your enchanted vision as thick as the motes i’ the sun¬
beam, rising gaily above the mean earth, like Ariosto’s hippo-
griff, that great and marvellous bird ( gratulc r strano augrllo)
into “ the higher regions ”—can yon not hear the doleful voices
which remind you of their speedy disappointment? The
sound is like that of moaning waves round shattered wrecks,
cruel waves that toss to and fro the broken spars to which
despairing castaways no longer cling. Alas ! you sigh, as you
hearken ; you sigh over that unfulfilled promise, over that crop
of thistles— *prm m cut it a tegr*, as Horace puts it—the barren
harvest which so cruelly falsified your expectations ! And
next your straining ear catches the sorrowful voices which
breathe the dirge of parted friendships; and the sweeter,
tenderer, though sadder, voices which come from the graves of
those you have loved and lost—lost only for a while, however,
as Faith whispers in tones of consolation—the father, the
mother, the sister, or, perhaps, the wife whom you treasured
as *• the other half of your soul," the complement of your
being, the light and joy of your existence ; or, it may he, the
fair young girl who was snatched from your fond embrace
even before the orange-blossoms had been woven in her bridal
wreath. These are voices which, perhaps, arc never wholly
absent from you ; but in the Christmas time they seem, I think,
to draw closer, and to thrill us with a deeper consciousness, as
if some beloved presence were mysteriously watching and
waiting by our side—as if we felt the passing touch of angel-
wings. And they travel to ns from afar, those sweet, sad.
tender voices ! The chances and changes of life separate ns
from the scenes of our early years ; separate us from the
graves in which we have buried so much that was nearest and
deara^t and most precious ; but no distance can keep back the
voices of love and affection when tho heart, touched by the
magic of immortal memories, is prepared to open to them.
Sometimes with the Christmas voices mingles a glad noise
of laughter ; for, happily, life is not all made up of partings
and passions, of disappointments and failures. It has its
moments—and, thank God, there are many of them!—ite
moments of happiness, when skies are blue, and birds sing on
the bough, and our human sympathies are kindled into quick
life by the ecstasy of the sunshine. So the holidays of life
send their mirthful voices to blend with the deeper and more
serions sounds that compose, in our later age, the harden of
our Christmas song. The blithe voices of our school-days, of
our merry-makings, cf our early Christmases ; and then the
voices of the bright hopeful dajs of our young manhood ; the
lively echoes of the crowded theatro ; the strains that floated
round gay ball-rooms; the jests of the mas juers and the
mummers ; the lilt of the old, old songs and the rhythm of the
favourite dance—all thsse voices of frank cheerfulness and
innocent gaiety enliven us with a sudden sense of enjoyment.
But it may be that voices of ominous import will insist
upon blurring this felicitous harmony with their pitiful
discords ; the follies of the past, its errors and its sins—the
recollections of wrong said and thought and done—these, in
the Christmas silence, you cannot stifle. Sharp and clear,
their accusing accents pieroe the heart, awakening there the
keen pangs of regret, and, let us hope, of repentance. These
are voices which sorely none of us can hear unmoved ; their
echoes seem to reverberate round about, like thunder among
the mountains, and to roll onward into the awful spaces of
eternity. As we sow, my friend, so mast we reap. They are
voices of our own making ; and it is part of our punishment
that they should break through our everyday indifference, and,
in our sessions of silent thought, compel us to hear them, and
to ponder over the tales they tell. Hushed into oblivion they
will not be; like the ghost of murdered Banquo they suddenly
start up to affright us ; but, at least, we may learn to bear
their solemn reproaches with resignation by lifting up our
hearts to the lofty voices of sweet promise which ring out from
the sanctuary, and bear a comforting assurance of the measure¬
lessness of the Divine love !
Of all the Christmas voices audible now—he that hath ears
to hear, let him hear 1—it is difficult to compute the sum ;
but I fancy that many of us will not least cagerlv welcome
those which descend. “ like showers of golden rain.” from the
heights where sit enthroned tbe master minstrels and the
famous singing-men; the bland, deep, universal tones of
Shakspeare; the solemn organ-notes of Milton ; the grave,
full harmonies of Dante; the intense fervent strains of
Calderon ; and Spenser’s subtly melodious song. With these
we may gather up the passion and the pathos, the grandeur
and the awe and the devotion of the kings of music from
Purcell to Beethoven : the simple, unpretending strains of the
carol singers; the silver-sounding chimes of the Christmas
hells; the pure, sweet hymns of the children —for all are
part and parcel of the Christraas-time, and help to swell the
volume of our Christmas voices.
To the young, the voices of the Christmas arc neither so
numerous nor so full of emotion. Their contact with life has
been so limited : they have seen so little and felt so little ;
they stand as yet upon the threshold only of the battlefield ;
thov can scarcely hear the ring of contending weapons, nor
the^Bounds of anger and strife, and breathless, rapid
their wavs have been ways of pleasantness, nd their path,
have been paths of peace. The voice of hope is their*, joyous
“ I the lark’s song in the azure solitndes of heaven ;
Z v^ of yonng Ambition, defiant and exuitant, like
Jhe ™nnd of a trumpet ; the voice of high endeavour,
ringing as clearly and as blithely as a clarion Ah, happy,
hamw vouth | No sod voices from the graveyard, no accusing
voices from the scenes of folly, uo melanchoiy voices of failure
and disappointment, mar for you the sweetneM of the Chns jnas
music. If you did but know for how much you have to be
grateful! If you did but know all the opportunities of the
days which are gliding by so swiftly ! Ah, me i why does
experience teach us its bitter lessons w hen ,t is too lato for ns
to profit by them ? The yonng mother, the young hnsband, the
young lover, the young scholar, the yonng adventnrer what
glorious voices ring in their charmed ears as the light from
the Tule log flickers over their happy faces; and how little
they think of those more solemn voices which the yearn must
bring to them as to all the sons and daughters of menl
But fsr both young and old there are other voioes to
which, while the merry Christmas bells are clashing from
spire and steeple, we must not refuse to listen—the wail, the
lament of the poor and suffering ; the sighs of the half-
starved outcast; the groans of those who have gone down in
the battle, and are lying on the lost field, bleeding from many
wounds. The poor, it is true, are always with ns ; but
Barely the cry of Poverty comes upon the ear with the
sharpest force when we feel its contrast to the laughter
and song and jest of the Christmas of the well-to-do.
Let us not be deaf, my friends, to those sorrowful, sorrowing
voices ’ Each, in his degree and measure, can do something
towards lessening their exceeding bitterness. Each one of ns,
perhaps, can bind up the wonnds of at least one unfortunate
straggler, and carry a word of consolation and hojie to at
least one aching heart. And as we give of what we have to
those who have not, I can imagine that the Christmas voices
which tell of gloom, and pain, and death will be overpassed
by the eheerfuller voices which breathe the strains of faith
and hope, and that high above them all will rise once more
the celestial music of those angel-voices, which of old pealed,
strong and clear, through the “starry silences” their message
of eternal love—“ Glory to God on high; on earth peace, and
POSTAGE OF THE CHRISTMAS NUMBER.
INLAND.
By Parcel Post, 77ir«p(nw; by Book Post, Fourpntt.
ABROAD.
For tho whole of Europe. Baphrtful, Bey rout, Canada, Egypt, Jerusalem,
Morocco. Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Persia, Smyrna, Syria, Tahiti, and
the United States of America : Fourpence.
For Arlen, Argentine. Bermudas, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil, British Guiana,
Cane Coast Castle. Ceylon, Chill, China, Columbia, Ecuador, Gambia,
Guatemala, Hawaiian Islands, Honduras, Japan, Java, Lagos, Mauritius,
Mexico, Penang. Pern. Sierra Leone, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela,and the
West India Islands : Kighlptw*.
For Abyssinia, Cane Colony, India, Natal, Orange Free State, Saint
Helena, Sarawak, the Transvaal, and Zanzibar: One Shilling.
For Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, and Tasmania: One Shilling and
Four pence.
For Bcchnanaland : One Shilling and Eightpence.
For countries in the Postal Union the Number must be packed so as not
to exceed eiirhUTn Inches In length; for other countries, a length of two
f.-et is a low •
A IWJE3W DEPARTURE.
The nnblishers of one of the leading society papers of London have taken to analysing some of the leading: patent
Hauer in question do not frighten sadly; tiler have taken up a qnestion or Vital tnteresj bu» puimu, mm iinyr ' ^
unloose to turn on tho full tight of UdtMt investigation. One most excellent feature of this exposure U, that
the public are enabled to discriminate between worthless nostrums and those really good JMWtot Ihe
publishers evidently take this view of the question, for their last investigation is a mast flattering one for
the proprietors of that noted remedy St. .taeobs Oil. The following is the report, headed— The \erdict ’
of tho People of London on St Jacobs Oil.”:— ^'
Mr. William Howes, civil engineer, G6, Red Lion-street High Holborn W .C., was afflicted with
rheumatism for twenty years. Sometimes his hands swelled to twice their natural size , Ins
rheumatism * uld walk , „d his fert so sore that^he could mrt bewany
weight"!)™ them. ^NothingTelieved him till he applied St. Jacobs Oil. The result was
marvellous. Before using the contents of two bottles all pam left him, and he is now in
perfect health. . .. ,
Mr C H. Palmer, Secretary of the Conservative Defence Association, and
Overseer of tbe District of Islington, said : —"For a long time I have been a
gresdTsufferer from neuralgia in my face and head, and rheumatism in my
fimbs. After trying various remedies without obtaining relief, I procured
a bottle of St. Jacobs Oil, the use of which completely removed every trace
Mr Edward Peterson, electric-light engineer, of 3G, Whetstone ,
Park WC said— "There can be no two opinions respecting the
value of St. Jacobs Oil. I was completely used up with rheum¬
atism in my arms and shoulders ; a few good rubbings with
that famous Oil drove all pain away.”
Mr Henry John Barlow, of 4, Staples’ Inn-buildings,
Holborn Bars, W.C., said “ I had rheumatism m my .
feet and legs, which became so bad that I was
hardly able to walk. St. Jacobs Oil removed all
pain and completely cured me.”
Mrs.Wolfsberger, matron of Moore-stroet
Home for Poor, Crippled, and Orphan
Boys, 17, Queen-street, Edgware-road,
pud“That St. Jacobs Oil hail been
used in the Home, and that it is
powerful in relieving neuralgia
and general rheumatism."
Mr. Charles Cart¬
wright, of No. 7, .
Alfred-place, Bed-
ford-square, W.C,
said“ Having
for years been a C_
great sufferer from
rheamatism in my
limbs, I used St. Jacobs
Oil, which cured mo
directly, after other reme¬
dies had signally failed.” c>-
• Henry and Ann Bright. *
hon. superintendent* of tho
North London Homo for Aged
Christian Blind Women, say.—"That
St. Jacobs Oil has proved unfailing ;
that rheumatism and neuralgia have in
every case been removed by using the Oil,
and many old ladies, some of them ninety
years old, instead of tossing about in agony,
BOW enjoy good nights’ rest through its influence.’
Mr. N. Price, of 14, Tabernacle - square,
Finsbnry, E.C., said:—“ My wrist, that I
had sprained two years before, and which
had given me pain without intermission,
yielded like magic to the application of
St. Jacobs Oil.”
Mr. J. Clark, of 21, Sonth Island-
place, Brixton - road, London,
Baid :—“ Although I waB not
able to rise from a sitting
position without the aid of
a chair, 1 was able to
stand and walk after
the application of St
Jacobs Oil.”
Robert George
Watts, M.A.,
M.D., M.R.C.S., of
Albion House,
Qnadrant - road,
Canonbury, N., said:—
“I cannot refrain from
testifying to the very great
efficacy of St Jacobs Oil in
all cases of chronic rheumatism,
sciatica, and neuralgia.”
Rev. Edward Singleton, M.A., 30,
Bournevue-road, Streatham, said:—“ St
Jacobs Oil removed all pain, directly.”
Rev. W. J. Caulfield Browne, M.A., Rector,
Kitteford Rectory, said.—“My parishioners nse
St. Jacobs Oil.”
This journal concludes its article as follows:—“It
is a source of the greatest satisfaction to us, in conducting
these investigations, to he able to report a medicine which
is so highly endorsed as the above-mentioned.”
_ Perhaps there is no preparation in the world which enjoy*
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-te sale far exceeds that of any other Proprietary Medicine and ex-
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combined. ' This wonderful suocess rests on the solid foundation or
merit which St. Jacobs Oil possesses, combined with original, dignified,
675=! and systematic advertising, which has always characterised the announce
^ • ments of the Proprietors. The name of St. Jacobs Oil has become a household
word in every civilised country in the world. The great success and populanty
of tho Oil has become the subject of comment by almost the entire rress o
count rv. In many instances the leading articles of large and influential pape™ ,
. almost magical cures effected J
use of St. Jacobs Oil in local cases coming under the immediate attention of tne p
Mahan nan, Judges, the Clergy, the Medical proiession,
and people in every walk of life. .
wholly an ontwtura agmoa
It conquers pain quickly and rarely. U acta like magic. It penetrates to the seat ofin^ „* nrr yi
3 magic. It penetrates to x.ue iTYrnrcd
cores, even when everything else has failed. A single trial will convince the most incredulous. It a .
thousands of cases of rheumatism and neuralgia, which had resisted treatment for the greater part o
It has cured people who have been crippled with pain for more than twenty years. After the most tn © ,,
practical test, St. Jacobs Oil has received Six Gold Medals at different International Exhibitions, for its . cia j
power to conquer pain. It is used extensively in the leading hospitals and dispensaries of the metropolis anai j r9
cities, and also on board her Majesty’s troop-ships and the Cunard Steam-ship Company’s fleet. Put up in wm i
for human use, and in yellow wrappers for veterinary purposes, price 2s. fid. per Bottle, of all Dealers in Medicine t S
the world ; or, sent poRt-free by the Proprietors, 45, Farringdon-road, London, E.C. . ^
St. Jacobs Oil in Yellow Wrappers is altogether and totally different from that in tbe White Wrappers, insomuch a ®] a E ^ the
which long years of experience have taught us are particularly valuable as an outward application for animals, are
St Jacobs Oil in the Yellow Wrappers, and said ingredients are not contained in the St. Jacobs Oil in White Wrappers.
THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888. 31
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MR. RIDER HAGGARD'S
NEW WORK,
THE MOST IMPORTANT YET PUBLISHED,
ENTITLED
CLEOPATRA:
Being an Account of the Fall and Vengeance of Harmachis, the Royal Egyptian, as set forth by his own hand
on the papyrus rolls found in the mummy-cloths wherewith he was wound about,
WILL BE COMMENCED IN THE
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS,
JANUARY 5, 1889.
AND WILL BE CONTINUED WEEKLY UNTIL COMPLETED.
ILLUSTRATIONS BIT CATO 1ST WOODYILLE
The following is a portion of the first week's issue:—
INTRODUCTION.
.. k. - the recesses of the
mountains that lie
behind the temple
and city of Abydos,
the supposed bury-
ing-place of the Holy Osiris,
a tomb was recently dis¬
covered, among the con¬
tents of which were the
papyrus rolls containing
this history. The tomb
itself is spacious, but other¬
wise remarkable only for
the depth of the shaft
which descends vertically
from the rock-hewn cave,
that once served as the
mortuary chapel of the
friends and relatives of
the departed, to the coffin-chamber be¬
neath. This shaft is no less than eighty-
nine feet in depth. The chamber at its
was found to contain three coffins only,
enough for many more. Two
in all probability inclosed the
bodies of the High Priest, Amenemhat, and of his wife,
father and mother of Harmachis, the hero of this
history, the shameless Arabs who discovered them there
and then broke up.
The Arabs broke the bodies up. With unhallowed
hands they tore the holy Amenemhat and the frame of
her who had, as it is written, been filled with the spirit
of the Hathors—tore them limb from limb, searching
for treasure amidst their bones—perhaps, as is their
custom, selling the very bones for a few piastres to the
last ignorant tourist who came their way, seeking what
he might destroy. For in Egypt the accursed, the living
find their bread in the tombs of the great men who were
before them.
But, as it chanced, some little while afterwards, one
who is known to this writer, and a doctor by profession,
passed up the Nile to Abydos, and became acquainted
with the men who had done this thing. They revealed
to him the secret of the place, telling him that one coffin
yet remained entombed. It seemed to be the coffin of a
poor person, they said, and therefore, being pressed for
time, they had left it unviolated. Moved by curiosity
to explore the recesses of a tomb as yet unprofaned by
tourists, my friend bribed tlio Arabs to reveal its secret
to him. What ensued I will give in his own words,
exactly as he wrote it to me:—
I slept that night near the Temple of Seti, and
started before daybreak on the following morning.
With me were a cross-eyed rascal called Ali—Ali Baba
I named him—the man from whom I got the ring which
1 am sending you, and a small but choice assortment of
his fellow-thieves. Within an hour after sunrise we
reached the valley where the tomb is. It is a desolate
place, into which the sun pours his scorching heat all
the long day through, till the huge brown boulders
which are strewn about become so bot that one can
scarcely bear to touch them, and the sand scorches the
feet. We rode on donkeys, for it was already too
hot to walk, some way up the valley — where a
vulture floating far in the blue overhead was the
only other visitor—till we came to an enormous
boulder polished by centuries of the action of sun
and sand. Here Ali halted, saying that the tomb
was under the stone. Accordingly we dismounted,
and, leaving the donkeys in charge of a fellah boy,
went up to the rock. Beneath it was a small hole,
barely large enough for a man to creep through; indeed,
it had been dug by jackals, for the doorway and some
part of the cave were entirely silted up, and it was by
means of this jackal hole that the tomb bad been dis¬
covered. Ali crept in on his hands and knees, and I
followed, to find myself in a place cold after the hot
outside air, and, in contrast with the light, filled with a
dazzling darkness. We lit our candles, and the select
body of thieves having arrived, I made an examination.
We were in a cave the size of a large room, and hollowed
by hand, the further part of the cave being almost free
from drift-dust. On the walls are religious paintings
of the usual Ptolemaic character, and among them one
of a majestic old man with a long white beard, who is
seated in a carved chair holding a wand in his hand.
Before him are passing a procession of priests bear¬
ing sacred images.* In the far corner of the tomb
on the right hand from the door is the shaft of the
mummy-pit, a great square-mouthed well out in the
black rock. We had brought a beam of thorn-wood,
and this was now laid across the pit and a rope made
fast to it. Then Ali—who, to do him justice, is a
courageous thief—took hold of the rope, and, putting
some candles into the breast of his robe, placed his bare
feet against the smooth sides of the well, and began to
descend with great rapidity. Very soon he had vanished
into the blackness, and tlie agitation of the rope alone
told us that anything was going on below. At last the
Tope ceased shaking, and a faint shout came rumbling
up the well, announcing All's safe arrival. Then, far
below, a tiny star of light appeared, lie had lit the
candle, thereby disturbing hundreds of bats that flittered
up in an endless stream and as silently as spirits. The
rope was hauled up again, and now it was my turn;
but, as I declined to trust my neck to the hand-over¬
band method of descent, the end of the cord was
made fast round my middle, and I was lowered
bodily into those sacred depths. Nor was it a pleasant
journey, for if the masters of the situation above had
made any mistake I should have been dashed to pieces.
Also, the bats continually flew into my face and clung
to my hair, and I have a great dislike of bats. At last,
after some minutes of jerking and dangling, I found
myself standing in a narrow passage by the side of the
worthy Ali, covered with bats and perspiration, and
with the skin rubbed off my knees and knuckles. Then
another man came down, hand over hand, like a sailoT,
und as the rest were going to stop above we were ready
to go on. Ali went first with his candle—of course we
each had a candle—leading the way down a long
passage about five feet high. At length the pass¬
age widened out and we were in the tomb-chamber:
1 think the hottest and most silent place that 1
* This, I take it, is & portrait of Amenemhat himselfE pjtob,
ever entered. It was simply stifling. This tomb-
chamber is a square room cut in the rock and
totally devoid of paintings or sculpture. I held
up the candles and looked round. About the place
were strewn the coffin-lids and the mummied remains
of the two bodies that the Arabs had previously violated.
The paintings on the former were, I noticed, of great
beauty, though, having no knowledge of hieroglyphics,
I could not decipher them. Beads and spicy wrappings
lay around the remains, which, I saw, were those of a
man and a woman.t The head had been broken off the
body of the man. I took it up and looked at it. It had
been closely shaved, after death, I should say, from the
general indications, and the features were disfigured
with gold leaf. But, notwithstanding this, and the
shrinkage of the flesh, I think the face was one of the
most imposing and beautiful that I ever saw. It was
that of a very old man, and his dead countenance still
wore so calm and solemn, indeed, so awful a look, that I
grew quite superstitious (though, as you know, I am
pretty well accustomed to dead people), and put the
head down in a hurry. There were still some wrappings
left upon the face of the second body, and I did not
lemovc them; but she must have been a fine large
woman in her day.
“ There the other mummy,” said Ali, pointing to a
large and solid case that had the appearance of having
been carelessly thrown down in a corner, for it was
lying on its side.
I went up to it and examined it. It was well made,
but of perfectly plain cedar-wood—not an inscription,
not a solitary god on it.
“Never see one like him before,” said Ali. “Bury
great hurry, he no ‘ mafish,’ no ‘ fineesh.’ Throw him
down there on side.”
I looked at the plain case till at last my interest was
thoroughly aroused. I had been so shocked by the
sight of the scattered dust of the departed that I
had made up my mind not to touch the remaining
coffin—but now my curiosity overcame me and we
set to work.
Ali had brought a mallet and a cold chisel with him,
and having set the coffin straight he began upon it with
all the zeal of an experienced tomb-breaker. And then
he pointed out another thing. Most mummy eases are
fastened by four little tongues of wood, two on either
side, which are fixed in the upper half, and, passing
into mortices cut to receive them in the thickness of
the lower half, are there held fast by pegs of hard
wood. But this mummy-case had eight such tongues.
Evidently it had been thought well to secure it firmly.
At ast, with great difficulty, we raised the massive lid,
which was nearly three inches thick, and there, covered
over with a deep layer of loose spices (a very unusual
thing), was the body.
Ali looked at it with open eyes—and no wonder.
For this mummy was not as other mummies are.
Mummies in general lie upon their backs, as stiff and
calm as though they were cut from wood; but this
mummy lay upon its’ side, and, the wrappings notwith¬
standing, its knees were slightly bent. More than that,
indeed, the gold mask, which, after the fashion of the
Ptolemaic period, had been set upon the face, had
t PouUle$s Amenemhat and his wife.—El>.
II
EXTRA SUPPLEMENT TO THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888
worked down, and was literally pounded up beneath
the hooded head.
It was impossible, seeing these things, to avoid the
conclusion that the mummy before us lmd moved with
violence since it teas put in the coffin.
"Him very funny mummy. Him not ‘mafish’
when him go in there,” said AH.
“ Nonsense! ” I said. “ Who ever beard of a live
mummy ? ”
We lifted the body out of the coffin, nearly choking
ourselves with mummy dust in the process, and there
beneath it, half hidden among the spices, we made our
first find. It was a roll of papyrus, carelessly fastened
nnd wrapped in a piece of mummy cloth, having to all
appearance been thrown into the coffin at the moment
of closing.*
Ali eyed the papyrus greedily, but I seized it and
put it in my pocket, for it was agreed that I was to have
all that might be discovered. Then we began to unwrap
the body. It was covered with very broad strong band¬
ages, thickly wound and roughly tied, sometimes by
means of simple knots, the whole work bearing the
appearance of having been executed in great haste and
with difficulty. Just over the head was a large lump.
Presently, the bandages covering it were off, and there,
on the face, lay a second roll of papyrus. I put down
my baud to lift it, but it would not come away. It
appeared to be fixed to the stout seamless shroud which
was drawn over the whole body and tied beneath the
feet—as a farmer ties sacks. This shroud, which was
also thickly waxed, was in one piece, being made to fit
the form like a garment. I took a candle and examined
the roll, and then I saw why it was fast. The spices had
congealed nnd glued it to the saeklike shroud. It was
impossible to get it away without tearing the outer
sheets of papyrus, t
At last, however, I wrenched it loose and put it with
the other in my pocket.
Then in silence we went on with our dreadful task.
With much care we ripped loose the sacklike garment,
nnd at last the body of a man lay before us. Between
his knees was a thud roll of papyrus. I secured it, and
then held down the lights and looked at him. Being a
doctor, one glance at his face was enough to tell me how
he had died.
This body was not so much dried tip as are those
that have passed the allotted seventy days in natron,
which it evidently had not, and therefore the expression
and likeness were better preserved than is usual. With¬
out entering into particulars, I will only say that I hope
I shall never see such another look as that which was
frozen on this dead man’s face. Even the Arabs
recoiled from it in horror and began to mutter prayers.
For the rest, the usual opening on the left side
through which the cmbalmcrs did their work was absent;
the finely-cut features were those of a person of middle
age, although the hair was already grey, and the frame
that of a very powerful man, the shoulders being of an
extraordinary width. I had not time to examine very
closely, however, for within a few seconds from the
time of its uncovering, the body, being unembalmed,
now that it was exposed to the action of the air, began
to crumble. In five or six minutes there was literally
nothing left of it but a wisp of hair, the skull, and a few
of the larger bones. I noticed that one of the tibia;—
I forget if it was the right or the left—had been
fractured and very badly set. It must have been quite
an inch shorter than the other.
Well, there was nothing more to find, and now that
the excitement was over, what between the heat, the
exertion, and the smell of mummy dust and spices, I
felt more dead than alive.
I am tired of writing, and the ship rolls. I his
letter, of course, goes overland, and I am coming by
“ long sea,” but I hope to be in London within ten days
after you get it. Then I will tell you of my pleasing
experiences in the course of the ascent from the tomb-
chamber, and of how that prince of rascals, Ali Baba,
and his thieves tried to frighten me into handing over
the papyri, aad how 1 worsted them. Then, too, we
will gel' the rolls deciphered. I expect that they only
contain the usual thing, copies of the Book of the Dead,
but there may be something else iu them. Needless to
suv. I did not narrate this little adventure in Egypt, as
I should have had the Boulac Museum people on my
track. Good-bye, “ Mafish Fineesh,” as Ali Balm
always said.
In due course, mv friend, the writer of the letter
from which I have quoted, arrived in London, and on
the verv next day we paid a visit to a mutual acquaint¬
ance well versed 'in hieroglyphics and demotic writing.
With what anxietv we watched him skilfully damping
and unfolding one'of the rolls, and peering through his
gold-rimmed glasses at the mysterious characters, may
well be imagined.
Hum,” he said, “ whatever it is, this is not a copy
of the • Hook of the Dead.’ By George, what's this?
('le— ('lvo—Cleopatra- Wliy, my dear Sirs, as I
nm a living man, this is the history of somebody who
lived in the days of Cleopatra! Well, there’s six
months’ work before me here—six months’, at the very
least! ” And in that joyful prospect he fairly lost
control of himself, and skipped ubout the room, shaking
hands with us at intervals, and saying, “ I ’ll translate—
• Thi« roll uontaim-il tlir third unfinished book of the history. The
th.-r two roll* wen; neatly fant/neil in the usual fashion. All three are
rnf r« n by one hand in the demotic character. -Ed.
• Tbit* areounta for the pip* in the last shreta of the second roll.—E d.
I ’ll translate it if it kills me, and we will publish it; and,
by the living Osiris, it will take the town—and drive
every Egyptologist in Europe mad with envy! Oh,
what a find! what a most glorious find! ”
And O you whose eyes shall fall upon these pages,
see, they have been translated, and they have been
printed, and here they lie before you—an undiscovered
land wherein you are free to travel!
Harmachis speaks to you from his forgotten tomb.
The walls of Time fall down, and, as at the lightning’s
leap, a picture from the past starts sudden on your view,
framed in the gathered darkness of the ages.
He shows you those two Egypts that the silent
pyramids looked down upon long centuries ago—the
Egypt of the Greek, the Homan, and the Ptolemy, and
that other outworn Egypt of the Hierophant, hoary with
years, heavy with the legends of antiquity and the
memory of long-lost honours.
He'tells you how the smouldering loyalty of Khent
(Egypt) burnt up before it died, and how fiercely the old
Time-consecrated Faith straggled against the conquering
tide of the New Idea, that, drawn ever by the mystery of
Mind, rose, like the Nile at flood, and drowned the
ancient gods of Egypt.
Here, in his pages, you shall learn the glory of Isis
the Many-shaped, the Executor of Decrees. Here you
shall make acquaintance with Cleopatra, that “ Thing
of Flame ” whose passion-breathing beauty shaped the
destiny of Empires, and read how the soul of Charmion
was slain of the sword her vengeance smithied.
Here Harmachis, the doomed Egyptian, being about
to die, salutes you who follow on the path he trod. In
the story of his broken years he shows to you what may
in its own degree be the story of your own. Crying
aloud from that dim Amenti where to-day he wears out
his long atoning time, he, in the history of his fall, most
eloquently tells the fate of him who, however sorely
tried, forgets his God, his honour, and his country.
CHAPTER I.
OF THE BIRTH OF HARMACHIS; THE PROPHECY OF THE
HATHORS; AHD THE SLAYING OF THE INNOCENT CHILD.
By him who sleeps at Abouthis, I write the truth. I,
Harmachis, hereditary priest of the Temple, reared by
the divine Sethi, aforetime a Pharaoh of Egypt, and
now justified in Osiris and ruling in Amenti. I, Har-
machis, by right Divine and by true descent of blood
King of the Double Crown, and Pharaoh of the Upper
and Lower Land. I, Harmachis, who cast aside the
opening flower of our hope, who turned him from the
glorious path, who forgot the voice of God in hearken¬
ing to the voice of woman. I, Harmachis, the fallen, in
whom are gathered up all woes as the waters are
gathered in a desert well, who have tasted of every
shame, who by betrayal have betrayed, who in losing
the glory that is here have lost of the glory that is
there, who am utterly undone and rent by miserable
remorse—I write, and, by him who sleeps at Abouthis,
I write the truth.
O Egypt! Egypt!—dear land of Khem, whose
black soil nourished up mv mortal part—land that I
have betrayed—O ye Gods!—Osiris !—Isis!—Horns!—
ye Gods of Egypt whom I have betrayed!—O yc
temples whose pylons strike the sky; ye temples whose
faith I have betrayed!—O Royal blood of the Pharaohs
of Eld, that yet runs within these withered veins—
whose virtue *1 have betrayed!—O Right divine of
Kings betrayed by me!—O* Father Sihor (Nile)!—O
Invisible Essence of all Good! and O Fate, whose
balance rested on my head—hear me ! and, to the last
day of utter doom, bear me witness that I write the
truth.
What, then, is a man ? He is a feather, but a feather
blown by the wind. He is a fire, but a fire bom of
the fuel. He is a spirit, but a spirit having wings
wherewith to sail to either destiny. He may choose the
good, and on him doth rest the evil that he does. He
is the helm unto the boat of Fate ; he is the shadow
that goes before the sword; he is the dream that
presages the truth. There is no chance; for man in his
circumstance doth direct the chance, and as with a
stylus doth map upon the tablet of the world the thing
that he caused to be. So hath the Invisible decreed,
and so for ever to ever shall it be. And woe to him
who faileth!
*****
Even as I write, beyond the fertile fields, the Nile is
running red, as though with blood. Bright before me
strikes the light upon the far Arabian hills, and bright
it falls upon the piles of Abouthis. At Abouthis, within
the temples, still do the priests make orison, but they
know me no more; still the sacrifice is offered, and the
stony roofs echo down the prayers of those who pray.
Still' from here," from this lone cell within my prison-
tower, I, the Word of Shame, watch thy fluttering
banners, O Abouthis, flaunting from tliy pylon walls,
and hear the chants as the long procession winds from
sanctuary to sanctuary.
O Abouthis. lost Abouthis! my heart goes out
toward thee! For the day comes when the desert rands
shall fill thy Holy places! Thy Gods are doomed,
O Abouthis! New faiths shall make a mock of all thy
Holies, and centurion shall call unto centurion across
thy fortress-walls. I weep—I weep tears of blood : for
mine is the weakness that brought about these evils and
mine for ever is their shame.
Behold, it is written hereafter
Here in Abouthis was I born, I, Harmachis, and my
father, the justified in Osiris, was High Priest of the
Temple of Sethi. And on that same day of my birth
was bom also Cleopatra, the Queen of Egypt. In those
fields I passed my youth watching the baser people at
their labours and going in and out at will among the
great courts of the temples. Of my mother I knew
naught, for she died when I yet hung at the breast.
But ere she died, so the old wife, Atoua, told to me, she
took from a coffer of ivory an uraeus t of pure gold and
laid it on my infant brow. And those who saw her do
this thing believed that she was distraught of the
Divinity, and that in her madness she foreshadowed
that the day of the Macedonian Lagidm was ended—
for Ptolemy Auletes (the Piper) then wore the double
crown—and that Egypt’s sceptre should once again pass
to the hand of one' of Egypt’s true and Royal race.
But when my father, the High Priest Amenemhat, who
even then was full of years, for I was his only child and
the child of his age," she who was his wife before my
mother having been, for what crime I know not, cursed
by Sokhct with the curse of barrenness; I say when my
father came in and saw what the dying woman had done,
he lifted up his hands towards the vault of heaven and
adored the Invisible, because of the sign that had
been sent. And even as he adored, behold! the
Hathors filled my dying mother with the Spirit
of Prophecy, and she rose in strength from the couch
and thrice prostrated herself before the cradle where I
lay asleep, the Royal asp upon my brow, and cried
aloud—
“Hail to thee, fruit of my womb! Hail to thee,
Royal child! Hail to that Pharaoh that shall be! Hail
to thee, God that shall purge the land, Divine seed of
Nekt-ncbf, the Osirian.§ Keep thou pure, and thou
shalt rule and deliver Egypt and not be broken.
But if in the hour of trial thou dost fail, then
may the curse of all the Gods of Egypt rest upon
thee, and the curse of thy Royal forefathers, the
justified, who ruled the land before thee, even from
the age of Horns; then in life mayest thou be wretched,
nnd after death may Osiris refuse thee, and the judges
of Amenti give judgment against thee, and Set and
Sekhet torment thee, even till such time as thy sin is
purged, and the Gods of Egypt, called by strange names,
once more are worshipped in the Temples of Egypt, and
the staff of the Oppressor is broken, and the footsteps of
the foreigner are swept clean, and the thing is ac¬
complished as thou in thy weakness shalt cause it to be
done.”
And when she had spoken thus, the Spirit of
Prophecy went out of her, and she fell dead across the
cradle where I slept, so that I awoke with a cry.
But my father, Amenemhat, the High Priest,
trembled, and was very’ fearful both because of the
words which had been said by the Spirit of the Hathors
through the mouth of my mother, and because what
had been uttered was treason against Ptolemy. For he
knew that if the matter should come to the ears of
Ptolemy, Pharaoh would send his guards to destroy the
life of the child of whom such things were prophesied.
Therefore, my father shut the doors, and caused all
those who were there to swear upon the holy symbol
of his office, and by the name of the Divine Three, and
by the soul of her who lay dead upon the stones beside
them, that naught of what they had seen and heard
should pass their lips.
But among the company was the old wife, Atoua,
who had been the nurse of my mother, and loved her
well; and in these days, though I know not how it hath
been in the past, nor how it shall be in the future, there
is no oath that can bind a woman’s tongue. And so it
came about, that, by-and-by, when the matter had
become homely in her mind, and her fear had fallen from
her, she spoke of the prophecy to her daughter, who
nursed me at the breast now that my mother was dead,
as they walked together in the desert carrying food to
the husband of the daughter, who was a sculptor; and
shaped the pictures of the holy Gods in the tombs that
tire fashioned in the rock—telling the daughter, my
nurse, how- great should be her care and love toward the
child that should one day be Pharaoh, and drive the
Ptolemies from Egvpt. But the daughter, my nurse, was
so filled with wonder at what she heard that she could
not keep the tale locked within her breast, and in the
night she awoke her husband, and, in her turn, whispered
of it to him, and thereby compassed her own destruction,
and the destruction of her child, my foster-brother.
For the man told his friend, and the friend was a spy ot
Ptolemy’s, and thus the tale came to Pharaoh s cars.
And Pharaoh was much troubled thereat, for thoug
when he was full of wine lie would make a mock ol tne
Gods of the Egyptians, and swear that the Roman benate
was the only God to whom he bowed the knee, jet m
his heart was he terribly afraid, as I have learned o
one who was his physician : for when he was alone
night he would scream and cry aloud to the gr
Serapis, who indeed is no true God, and to other •
fearing lest he should be murdered and his soul handea
over to the tormentors. Also, when he felt his
tremble under him, he would send large presen
temples, and ask a message from tlla 1 0 * aclcs ’, I ^„ p f orc ,
especially from the oracle that is at Philic. Priest
when it came to his ears that the wife of the Hig
} The sacred snake -symbol of Egyptian Royalty.-Eo.
I The soul justified in Osiris.— Ed.
k
EXTRA SUPPLEMENT TO THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1888
----I 7, l vIj 71 _ Rut it chanced, the boat wherein the guards came at lifting water along the banks of the river, to come
nf the great and ancient temple of Abouthis had, ere Hut as it chanc , > j, com i ng with boats and take them oil; but seeing that they
she diecT bean filled with the Sprnt of Prophecy, and being of d^ p J h ‘’ bb of ^ riyer> it Btruck and were Greeks of Alexandria, the people would not, for
prophesied that her son should be Pharaoh, he was much b^ g at th bank of mud that is opposite the the Egyptians love not the Greeks. Then they cried
afraid, and summoning some trusty guards-who, bem remain id fast p^ ^ nms acrosg to the pIains o£ that they were on Pharaoh s business, and still the
Greeks, feared not to do sacrilege-—he dispatched them th f » ag the north whld was blowing very people would not, asking what was the business,
bv boat up the Nile, with orders to> come to Abouthw Ab , ^ gink . Thereon the guards of Whereon a Eunuch among them who had made hrni-
and cut ott the head of the child of the High Priest and fierce y t ^ ^ common le w ho laboured self drunken m his fear, told them that they came
bring it to him in a basket. * ”. • *
The end of the rope was made fast round my middle, and 1 was lowered bodily into those sacred depths.”
to slay the child of Amenemhat, the High Priest,
of whom it was prophesied that he should be
Pharaoh, and sweep the Greeks from Egypt. And
thereon the people feared to stand longer in doubt, but
brought boats, not knowing what might be meant by
the man’s words. But one there was among them—a
farmer and an overseer of canals—who was a kinsman
of my mother’s and had been present when she pro-
For Continuation, see '
phesied ; and he turned and ran swiftly for three parts
of an hour, till he came to where I lay in the house that
is without the north wall of the great temple. Now, as
it chanced, my father was away in that part of the
Place of Tombs which is to the left of the large fortress,
and Pharaoh’s guards, mounted on asses, were hard
upon us. Then the messenger cried to the old wife,
Atoua, whose tongue had brought about the evil, and
The Illustrated London News
told how the soldiers drew near to slay me. And they
looked at each other, not knowing what to do ; for, had
they hid me, the guards would not have stayed their
search till I was found. And the man, gazing through
the doorway, perceived a little child at plav.
“ Woman,” he said, “ whose is that child ? ”
“ It is my grandchild," she answered, “ the foster-
brother of the Prince Harmachis; the child to whose
” for January 5, 1889.
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the’ ILLUSTR ATED LONDON NEWS CHRISTMAS NUMBER, 1388.—
Cease, every joy to glimmer on my mind, “ Oh ! who would pique himself on mind, whose use
But leave, oh I leave the light of hope behind!” Depends so much upon the gastric juice?”
THE STUDY OF THE STOMACH IS THE STUDY OF MORALIT
THE
FESTI'
SEASOr
CAUTION.—Examine each Bottle, and see that the Capsule is marked ENO’S “FRUIT SALT.” Without it, yon have been imposed on by a
worthless imitation. Sold by all Chemists.
PREPARED ONLY AT EMO'S “FRUIT SALT” WORKS, HATCHAM, LOUDON, S.E., BY J. C. ENO’S PATEMT
To AID NATURE in CHILDHOOD, MIDDLE AGE, or ADVANCED LIFE, without force or strain, use EMO’S “ VEGETABLE MOTO ” (a simple Vegetable Extract), occasionally a desirabl
-*• adjunct to EMO'S “ FRUIT SALT.” They perform their work “ silently as the twilight comes when the day is done”; and the patient is much astonished to find his bilious attack Ac. ha
completely fled before the simple and natural onslaught of the MOTO. Von cannot overstate their great value in keeping the Blood pure and preventing disease.
ENOS
‘VEGETABLE MOTO.
important TO All, LEAVING HOME TOR A CHANGE.—ENOS ” FRUIT SALT" AND ENOS "VEGETABLE MOTO" ought to be kept In every house and
every travelling trunk. In readiness for any emergency.
DISORDERED STOM.A OTT
■ A Gentleman writes : “ Dec. 27, 1887.—After twelve months’ experii
particularly in bilious attacks ; their action is so gentle and yet so effectivi
frequently in conjunction with a small glass of ENO’S ‘ FRUIT SALT.’—I
, SEASIDE .A. IN'ID BILIOUS ATTACKS
value of the ‘ VEGETABLE MOTO,’ I unhesitatingly recommend their nse in preference to any other medicine mi
ling equals them in my opinion. They have never failed to give the wished-for relief. I take them at any hour a
nlly, One Who Knows.”
“'tU Chemis*" —-
whisky largely di-
1 ited with soda-
" The goose and apple-sauce is orf. Sir.”
He had been looking forward to a dainty little dinner, and now a frost—a killing frost—has come upon his hopes.
“MODERATION IS THE SILKEN STRING RUNNING THROUGH THE PEARL CHAIN OF ALL VIRTUES.”-BISHOP HALL.
“IMPORTANT TO TRAVELLERS.—” We, the undersigned, have for the last four years used ENO’S 1 FRUIT SALT ’ during several important Survey Expeditions in the Malay Peninsula, Siam, at
“ Cambodia, and have undoubtedly derived very great benefit from it. In one instance only was one of our party attacked with fever daring that period, and that happened after onr supply of your ‘ FRU1
SALT’ had run out. When making long marches under the powerful rays of a vertical sun, or travelling through swampy districts, the undersigned have used ENO’S ‘FRUIT SALT’ two or three times a da
in the following manner and proportions :—At daybreak, two teaspoonfuls mixed with the juice of a raw lime, and a little sugar, in a tumbler of water; shortly afterwards a light meal of tea or coffee, brei
and fruit; about mid-day, one small spoonful with raw iime-jnice and water ; and before retiring for the night another teaspoonful in water. Your ‘ FRUIT SALT,’ used as aforesaid, acts as a gentle aperier
keeps the blood cool and healthy, and wards off fever. The undersigned have pleasure in voluntarily testifying to the valne of your preparation, and our firm belief in its efficacy. We never go into tl
jungle withont it, and have also recommended it to others.—Yours trnly, Commander A. J. LoFTUS, F.R.G.S., his Siamese Majesty’s Hydrographer ; E. C. Davidson, Superintendent Siamese Governmei
Telegraphs.—Bangkok, Siam, May. 1883.— J. C. Eno, Esq., London.
Experience shows
How to enjoy j
that porter, mild
food, which ot
ales, port wine,
dark sherries,
sweet champagne,
liqueurs, and
brandies are all
apt *to disagree,
while light white
wines, and gin or
wise disorders
digestive org
causing bill
headaches and
pure blood —
ENO’S “ FRI
SALT” and F,N
may require, i
found the least ob-
asarefreshing.o
jectionahle. ENO’S
“FRUIT SALT”
is particularly ad¬
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ness of the liver;
ing, and invigoi
ing beverage.
ENO’S “FRU
SALT.” It is
best preventive a
it possesses the
cure for bilio
power of repara¬
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places the invalid
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ache, skin eri
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pimples on the fa
giddiness, feveria
to health. A world
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by those who keep
ENO’S “FRUIT
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“VEGETABLE
MOTO,” therefore
no family should
ever he without
pression, want
appetite, sourne
of the stomac
vomiting, thin
&c„ and a means
remove the effec
of errors of eatii
them.
and dri nking .
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