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TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL
LIBRARY
NEW YORK
BOTANICAL
GARDEN
IOWA YEAR BOOK OF
AGRICULTURE
ISSUED BY THE
IOWA DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE
1922
Published by
THE STATE OF IOWA
Des Moines
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
OFFICE OF IOWA STATE DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE
Des Moines, Iowa, July 1, 1923.
To His Excellency. X. E. Kendall, Governor of Iowa:
Sir : I have the honor to transmit herewith the twenty-third
annual Iowa Year Book of Agriculture for the year 1922.
ARTHUR R. COREY,
Secretarv S'tate Board of Agriculture.
INTRODUCTORY
In this book is an important cross-section of Iowa history for the
year 1922.
it deals with the agricultural thought, progress and achievements
of the year. Those who are interested in the further development
of this great commonwealth and in the activities of her rural people
will find in these pages a story well worth reading.
In Part I will be found the proceedings of the Iowa State Board
of Agriculture, and of its executive and special committee meetings.
In these meetings are made the plans for the great annual State Fair
and Exposition. They furnish an interesting insight into how one
of the state's most gigantic enterprises is prepared and managed.
The State Agricultural Convention, in which leaders in Iowa's
agricultural progress discuss problems of the day, is recorded in
Section II. It contains not only the addresses of well-known men
in various fields of agriculture, but also the report of the secretary
of the Iowa State Fair and the comment of the farm press on the
1922 exposition.
Part III is devoted to the thirteenth annual meeting of the Iowa
Fair Managers' Association, the addresses by leading fair managers
of the state, and the discussions which featured the gathering. All
addresses are given in full, together with reports of committees and
officers.
The winners in the 1922 Iowa State Fair are recorded in Part IV.
This section gives not only the awards in practically all departments
of the fair, but also numerous photographs of the leading live stock
champions. The names and addresses of the owners of all prize
winners are also given, together with the amounts won.
Accomplishments of the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation during
the year 1922 and the proceedings of the annual Farm Bureau con-
vention are reported in Part V. This section contains the speeches
of leading officers and members, the reports of the president and
secretary and the recommendations of important committees.
Part VI is the annual report of the Iowa Dairy and Food Com-
missioner. The work of the dairy inspectors, the progress of Iowa
iii the dairy industry, what is being done to develop a standard for
products, and other activities of the dairy department are given at
length in this part.
Those who are especially interested in the production of live stock
for meat purposes will find Part VII to be highly instructive. It
embraces excerpts from the proceedings of the Corn Belt Meat Pro-
ducers' Association annual meeting. Almost all phases of beef pro-
duction are discussed. Shipping questions, co-operative effort, ani-
mal diseases — these and scores of other subjects are gone into at
length.
A review of the weather and crop conditions throughout the state
during the year 1922 is given in Part VIII. This is the official re-
port of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service Bureau and is illus-
trated by charts and tables which are very interesting.
The actual facts and figures regarding the farm production and
farm conditions in Iowa during the year are given in Part IX. This
is likewise compiled by the Iowa Weather and Crop Service Bureau
and gives many of the figures on the basis of county production,
furnishing comparisons as to preceding years and as to prices re-
ceived.
The final section, Part X, is devoted to statistics showing the pro-
duction of principal farm crops throughout the world for the year.
STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
1923
EX-OFFICIO MEMBERS
N. E. Kendall, Governor of State Des Moines
R. A. Pearson, President Iowa State College Ames
R. G. Clark, State Dairy Commissioner Des Moines
Peter Malcolm, State Veterinarian Des Moines
OFFICERS
C. E. Cameron, President Alta
J. P. Mullen, Vice President Fonda
A. R. Corey, Secretary Des Moines
F. E. Sheldon, Treasurer Mt. Ayr
DISTRICT OFFICERS
First District — H. 0. Weaver Wapello
Second District — E. T. Davis Iowa City
Third District — Earl Ferris Hampton
Fourth District — E. J. Curtin Decorah
Fifth District — Cyrus A. Tow Norway
Sixth District — E. Ed Beman Oskaloosa
Seventh District — C. F. Curtiss Ames
Eighth District — J. C. Beckner Clarinda
Ninth District — C. E. Hoffman Atlantic
Tenth District — Sears McHenry Denison
Eleventh District — H. L. Pike Whiting
The President, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer are elected for
one year.
Terms of the Directors for odd-numbered districts expire second Wednes-
day in December, 1923. Terms of Directors for even-numbered
districts expire second Wednesday in December, 1924.
STANDING COMMITTEES
Executive
C. E. Cameron J. P. Mullen A. R. Cokey
Auditing
H. L. Pike E. T. Davis Seaes McHenby
Resolutions
E. J. Cuetik H. O. Weaves C. E. Bemak
Powers and Duties of Board
C. E. Cameron J. P. Mullen A. R. Corey
Sears McHenby C. F. Curtis.'
Adulteration of Foods, Seeds and Other Products
R. A. Pearson C A. Tow R. G. Clark
Noxious Weeds, Fungus Diseases in Grains. Grasses, Etc.
Earl Ferris E. T. Davis
Dairying and Dairy Products
R. G. Clark C. F. Cuetiss Sears McHenry
Animal Husband))/
C. F. Cuetiss E. T. Davis Peter Malcolm
Legislative
C. E. Cameron J. P. Mullen A. R. Corey
H. 0. Weaver E. J. Cuetin
Revision of Premium List
C. E. Cameron J. P. Mullen A. R. Corey
C A. Tow C F. Cuetiss
H. L. Pike
INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS
Angus, first baby beef steer 250
Angus, champion and reserve champion 554
Angus bull, grand champion , 228
Alfalfa yield, map of Iowa 672
Ayrshire bull, grand champion 243
Auto map, showing number of cars admitted to fair 104
Baby beeves, 367 shown at state fair 559
Barley yield, map of Iowa 668
Belgian stallion, grand champion 203
Butter trade-mark for Iowa butter 418
Canneries in Iowa —
Corn on way to cannery 436
Husking room 438
Cans ready for cooker 439
Steam pressure cooker 440
Chester White boar, grand champion 258
Clydesdale stallion, grand champion 207
County exhibit, sweepstakes at state fair 306
Corn yield, map of Iowa 660
County group baby beeves, first prize. 552
Tornado path in Iowa, map 607
Dairy mortgage lifters 408
Dairy prosperity ' 407
Duroc boar, grand champion 256
Farm team, first prize 209
Feeding experiments with milk —
Pigs 412
Rats 413
Dogs 414
Feed package tag, official for Iowa 444
Filling cans 445
Guernsey bull, grand champion 241
Hay, tame, yield, map of Iowa .670
Hay, wild, yield, map of Iowa 671
Hampshire boar, grand champion : 261
Hereford baby beef, Iowa champion 549
Hereford, first baby beef steer 249
Hereford bull, grand champion 224
Holstein bull, grand champion 234
Jersey bull, grand champion 237
Oats yield, map of Iowa 661
Percheron stallion, grand champion 201
Potato yield, map of Iowa 673
Poland China boar, grand champion 253
Precipitation in Iowa, map 606
Rye yield, map of Iowa 669
Shire stallion, grand champion 205
Shorthorn baby beef, first prize : 558
Shorthorn bull, grand champion 219
Shorthorn, first baby beef steer 248
Shropshire ram, champion 277
Spotted Poland China boar, grand champion 264
Swine lost by cholera in Iowa, graph 684
Winter wheat, map of Iowa 662
Spring wheat, map of Iowa 663
Winds, prevailing in Iowa 605
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Letter of Transmittal
Introductory
State Board of Agriculture
Standing Committees
Index to Illustrations
Table of Contents
Iowa's Source of Wealth
PART I
Proceedings of State Board of Agriculture and of Executive and Special
Committee Meetings for the year 1922.
PART II
Proceedings of 1922 State Agricultural Convention.
PART III
Proceedings of Thirteenth Annual Meeting of Iowa Fair Managers'
Association.
PART IV
Iowa State Fair and Exposition, 1922. Official live stock awards and
awards in other departments; press reports of the fair.
PART V
Report of the Farm Bureau Convention for 1922 and the work of the
bureau during the year.
PART VI
State Dairy Commissioner's Report for 1922.
PART VII
Excerpts from proceedings of the annual meeting for 1922 of the Corn
Belt Meat Producers' Association.
PART VIII
Annual report of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service Bureau for 1922.
PART IX
Farm statistics for the year ending December 31, 1922. Compiled by
the Iowa Weather and Crop Service Bureau.
PART X
Statistical tables of Iowa's principal farm crops. Also statistical tables
of farm crops and live stock by states, the United States and the world.
IOWA'S SOURCE OF WEALTH
DECEMBER 31, 1922
Compiled for the Iowa Year Book of Agriculture from Estimates Furnished
by the Iowa Weather and Crop Service, showing- Acreage,
Average Yield and Total Yield of Farm Products.
Gross value
Average Ave. per .
Crop Acres yield Total yield price acre Total value
Corn 10,123,000 45.00bus. 455,535,000 8 0.54 $24.30 $245,989,000
Oats 6, 023, 000 37.00 bus. 222,851,000 0.34 12.58 75,769,000
Spring wheat 68,000 15.00 bus. 1,020,000 0.95 14.25 969,000
Winter wheat 689,000 23.00 bus. 15,847,000 0.97 22.31 15,372,000
Barley 150,000 28.40 bus. 4,260,000 0 52 14.77 2,215,000
Rye 60,000 19.00 bus. 1,140,000 0.71 13.49 809,000
Flaxseed 8,000 10.00 bus. 80,000 2.07 20.70 166,000
Timothy seed 230,000 4.53 bus. 1,042,000 2.49 11.28 2,595,000
Clover seed 132,000 1.70 bus. 224,000 10.40 17.65 2,330,000
Potatoes a94,000 90.00 bus. 8,460,000 0.62 55.80 5,245,000
Hay(tame) 3,393,000 1.40 tons 4,750,000 10.40 14.56 49,400,000
Hay (wild) 432,000 1.14 tons 492,000 8.50 9.68 4,182,000
Alfalfa 200,000 2.67 tons 534,000 14.80 39 52 b7, 903, 000
Pasture and grazing 10,130,000 5.58 56,525,000
Ensilage 304,000 8.00tons 2,432,000 3.40 27.20 c8, 269,000
Sweet corn (com'l crop) 30 ,000 3 . 00 tons 90 ,000 7 . 00 21 . 00 630 ,000
Popcorn 5,500 2,200.00 lbs. 12,100,000 0.03 66.00 363,000
Buckwheat (estimated) 5,000 14.00 bus. 70,000 1.19 16 66 83,000
Fruit crop (estimated) 10 ,000 ,000
Garden truck (estimated) " 5,000,000
Miscellaneous (estimated) 2 ,500 ,000
Total value, not including live stock products, for the year, 1922 $480,142 ,000
Dairy products (estimated) 120 ,000 ,000
Poultry and eggs (estimated) 65 ,000 ,000
Wool, 3,963 ,000 lbs. at 30 cents 1,188,900
Total value of farm products $666,330,900
NUMBER, AVERAGE VALUE AND TOTAL VALUE OF LIVE STOCK
DECEMBER 31, 1922
(Figures taken from estimates made by United States Department of Agriculture.)
Number Average value Total value
1,305,000 $79.00 $103,095,000
Mules 101,000 80.00 8,080,000
Milk cows 1,160,000 58.00 67,280,000
Other cattle 3,479,000 35.20 122,461,000
Swine 9,615,000 12.80 123,072,000
Sheep 829,000 8.40 6,964.000
Total value of Live Stock $430,952 ,000
Total value of farm products and live stock $1 ,097,282,900
f-Subject to revision when assessors' figures become available.
Alfalfa included in tame hay and therefore excluded from grand total.
cEnsilage, acreage, production and value is included in corn and therefore excluded from grand total.
BOTANICAL
PART I
Synopsis of Proceedings of the Iowa State Board of
Agriculture and Executive and Special Com-
mittee Meetings for the Year 1922
SPECIAL COMMITTEE MEETING
Sioux City, January 3-4, 1922.
In accordance with previous arrangements, the special committee con-
sisting of Cameron, Mullen, Corey and Curtin met at the West Hotel,
Sioux City, with representatives of the Northwest Iowa Fair Circuit and
members of the Iowa, Minnesota and South Dakota Racing Circuit.
Inasmuch as no representative of the Minnesota State Fair or the
Nebraska State Fair was present, the forming of the state fair circuit
was postponed with the understanding that the meeting would be held
during the February meeting of the International Association of Fairs
and Expositions in Chicago.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
January 26-27, 1922.
Members present Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The president and secretary signed vouchers for the state aid of
$2,400 for the support of the Department of Agriculture and $1,000 for
insurance on buildings, repairs, etc.
The committee fixed the date for the next meeting of the board for
March 7 and 8.
The secretary was authorized to employ a stenographer to assist in
the Publicity Department and in preparing material for the Year Book,
as soon as her services were required.
The secretary was authorized to place an order for 3000 hangers to
be used in advertising the state fair.
• The committee went over the pay rolls of the superintendents of the
various departments for the purpose of working out a budget for
each department, to be recommended at the board meeting on March 7.
The committee also decided to recommend that the auto parking de-
partment be consolidated with the police department.
The committee approved payment of bills on file.
SPECIAL COMMITTEE MEETING
Auditorium Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, February 20-24, 1922.
The special committee, consisting of the executive committee and
^-Director Curtin, met at the Auditorium Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, February
^20-24, inclusive, for the purpose of attending the following meetings:
2 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
Monday, February 20, International Motor Contest Association.
Tuesday, February 21, Biennial Congress of the American Trotting As-
sociation, the Middle-West Fair Circuit meeting, and the Iowa-Missouri-
Nebraska Racing Circuit meeting.
February 22-23-24, Meeting of the International Association of Fairs
and Expositions.
Representatives of the following fairs met and formed a circuit to be
known as the "Middle-West Fair Circuit:" Missouri State Fair, Iowa
State Fair, Nebraska State Fair, Kansas Free Fair, Kansas State Fair,
Oklahoma State Fair, Oklahoma Free State Fair, State Fair of Texas,
Texas Cotton Palace and the State Fair of Louisiana. A membership
fee of $100 for each fair was agreed upon. A. R. Corey was elected
president of the circuit and Phil Eastman, secretary. The secretary was
instructed to publish 40,000 or 50,000 circulars advertising this circuit,
and to include in this circular the premium offerings of each fair; also
shipping instructions for exhibitors and a brief of the live stock sanitary
rules in each state. Mr. B. C. Biggerstaff of Kansas City, Missouri was
employed as tariff manager for the circuit.
Representatives of the following fairs held a meeting for the purpose of
organizing the Iowa-Missouri-Nebraska Racing Circuit: Mississippi
Valley Fair and Exposition, Missouri State Fair, Iowa State Fair, Ne-
braska State Fair, Ak-Sar-Ben Exposition, Omaha, Nebraska, Interstate
Fair, Sioux City, Iowa. Mr. A. C. Dingle of the Missouri State Fair was
elected president of the circuit and Mr. M. E. Bacon of Davenport, secre-
tary. May 23rd was fixed as the date for the closing of all early closing
events. The closing date for the late closing events to be at the option of
the member. It was also agreed that each member would carry a
synopsis of all the programs on the back page of the entry blank. The
secretary was instructed to carry a page ad in the two horse papers
covering the early closing events, April 4, May 9 and 16; also a one
page ad announcing the late closing events, on July 25.
The committee authorized the secretary to submit a bid of $300 for the
Western Breeders' Futurity for three-year-old trotters and pacers.
The executive committee closed the following attraction contracts:
F. M. Barnes, Inc., 12 hippodrome acts for 8 days.
Thearle-Dufneld Fireworks Co., Night show in front of grand stand
for six performances for the spectacular fireworks performance known as
"Mystic China."
Allie T. Wooster, to furnish twenty head of running horses to put on
the following attractions:
One Roman Standing Race.
One-half mile running dash between lone running horse and automobile.
One three-mile lady relay race with three lady riders to change horses
at end of each mile each day of the fair, commencing Saturday, August
26, for $1,800.
The committee also closed a sharing contract for the C. A. Wortham
Shows, to consist of not less than twenty shows and six riding devices.
The committee also secured propositions from J. Alex Sloan, The
International Auto Racing Association, and R. A. Hankinson for guaran-
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OP AGRICULTURE 3
teeing the appearance of a certain number of racing cars and profes-
sional drivers, but made no contracts.
MEETING OF THE STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
March 7-8, 1922.
The board convened at 9:30 a. m. with President Cameron presiding.
The following members responded to roll call: C. E. Cameron, J. P.
Mullen, A. R. Corey, H. O. Weaver, E. T. Davis, Earl Ferris, E. J. Curtin,
C. A. Tow, T. C. Legoe, F. E. Sheldon and Carl E. Hoffman. Absent:
W. W. Morrow, C. F. Curtiss, Sears McHenry and H. L. Pike.
The secretary read the minutes of the board and committee meet-
ings commencing with the minutes of the State Agricultural Convention
held on December 14 and concluding with the special committee meeting
held at the Auditorium Hotel, .Chicago, Illinois, February 20 to 24. On
motion the minutes were approved as read.
RELEASE OF EXHIBITS
Mr. Mullen moved that all exhibits be released at four o'clock, Friday
afternoon, September 1, the last day of the fair. Motion seconded by
Mr. Sheldon, and carried.
BUDGET FOR PAY ROLLS.
The board took up the matter of the budget for pay rolls and expense
for the 1922 fair. The pay roll for each department was discussed at
length by the board for the purpose of making up the 1922 budget.
Board recessed until 1:30 p. m.
Afternoon Session.
Board convened at 1:30 p. m., with members present as at forenoon
session; also Sears McHenry.
REVISION OF PREMIUM LIST
Mr. Cameron declared the next order of business was the revision of
the premium list, and called upon the superintendent of the swine de-
partment for his recommendation.
Mr. Weaver moved that the board reconsider the vote by which a reduc-
tion of 20 per cent was to be made on premiums in the swine depart-
ment on December 15. Motion seconded by Mr. Ferris, and carried.
Mr. Tow moved that the classification recommended be adopted for
the swine department for this year's fair.
In addition to the standard classification of $850, Mr. Tow recom-
mended that the record association be invited to add special money,
to the open classification and that the board meet their special money
dollar for dollar, up to $250. The motion was seconded by Mr. Mullen,
and carried.
Mr. Weaver moved that the revision of the premium list for the sheep
department, as agreed upon by the board, be adopted for the 1922 fair.
Motion seconded by Mr. Mullen and carried.
Mr. McHenry moved that the classification for milk goats remain the
4 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
same as last year, but that the classification for Angora goats be dropped.
Motion seconded by Mr. Ferris, and carried.
The secretary presented a statement to the board, showing a revision
of the classification for the various departments in accordance with the
recommendation of the board at their December meeting.
The secretary also presented the budget for advertising the 1922 fair.
Mr. Ferris moved that the advertising budget as submitted by the
secretary be approved. Motion seconded by Mr. Mullen, and carried.
On account of Mr. Pike, superintendent of the cattle department, being
absent, the secretary submitted the revision for the cattle department
which was thoroughly discussed by the board.
Mr. Weaver moved that the revision of the cattle department as sub-
mitted by the secretary, be approved by the board. Motion seconded by
Mr. Tow, and carried.
The board adjourned to meet at 9 o'clock Wednesday, March 8.
Wednesday, March 8, 1922.
Meeting was called to order by President Cameron.
The following members responded to roll call: Cameron, Mullen,
Corey, Davis, Ferris, Curtin, Tow, Legoe, Curtiss, Hoffman and McHenry.
Absent: Morrow, Weaver, Sheldon and Pike.
Mr. Curtin submitted the revision of the offerings in the speed depart-
ment.
Mr. Curtin moved that the speed program as submitted be approved.
Motion seconded by Mr. Davis and carried.
C. F. Curtiss, superintendent of the horse department, presented the
revision of the horse department, which he explained fully to the board.
Mr. Mullen moved that the revision of the horse department, as recom-
mended by Mr. Curtiss, be approved by the board. Motion seconded by
Curtin, and carried.
The secretary presented the standard classification for beef cattle,
which was recommended by the record association, and adopted by the
International Association of Fairs at their meeting on February 22.
The International Association of Fairs also recommended that the
junior bulls and heifer calves be dropped from the dairy cattle classes.
Mr. Curtiss moved that the classification for beef and dairy cattle, as
recommended by the International Association of Fairs, be adopted for
the Iowa State Fair. Motion seconded by Mr. Tow, and carried.
The secretary presented the following tabulation covering the budget
for premiums to be offered by the Iowa State Fair for 1922. This sum-
mary covers the revision of the premium list as directed by the board at
the December meeting, and also at this meeting.
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
Offered
1921
Horse department $ 26,890.00
Cattle department 30,248.00
Swine department 6,750.00
Sheep department 4,576.00
Goat department. 415.00
Poultry department 2,419.00
Rabbit department 243.00
Culinary 846.00
Honey and Bees 650.00
Agriculture 13,593.00
Dairy 722.00
Horticulture 3,109.00
Floriculture 1,979.00
Textile and China 1,637.00
Art department 662.00
Boys and Girls' Club 4,883.00
Educational 965.00
Judging contest 850.00
Judging Team 225.00
Spelling contest 200.00
Baby health 500.00
Speed 16,950.00
Horseshoe contest 350.00
Budget
for 1922 Increase Decrease
$20,705.00 $ fi.18K.nn
25,370.00
6,300.00
4,878.00
450.00
3,744.00
832 00
325.00
90.00
2,203.00
216 00
. 200.00
43.00
846.00
600.00
50 00
11,619.00
1Q74.no
722.00
2,675.00
434.00
200.00
1 77Q on
1,637.00
662.00
4,272.75
610.25
817.00
148 00
600.00
2K0 on
225.00
160.00
4n nn
500.00
11,800.00
k iko nn
1,350.00 $1,000.00
$119,662.00 $97,532.75 $1,000.00 $23,129.25
Mr. McHenry moved that the complete budget for premiums, as pre-
sented by the secretary, be approved. Motion seconded by Mr. Davis and
carried.
The secretary presented the following revised budget as agreed upon
by the board covering pay rolls and expense of the fair other than
premiums:
1921 Fair Budget
Expense 1922 Fair
Committee meetings $ 4,088.00 $ 3,000.00
Postage 1,722.00 1,600.00
Printing 10,500.00 9,000.00
Advertising <. 23,317.00 23,000.00
Attractions 38,348.00 30,000.00
Auto races 6,600.00 6,600.00
Light and power 2,995.00 3,000.00
Water 695.00 700.00
Forage 10,170.00 10,000.00
Salaries, secretary's office 10,793.00 10,525.00
Board meetings 1,299.00 1,300.00
Decorating buildings 1,686.00 1,400.00
Treasurer's department 3,967.00 2,700.00
Admissions department, ticket takers 4,969.00 3,800.00
Admissions department, ushers 1,348.00 1,000.00
Admissions department, gate police 1,349.00 800.00
Police department . 4,148.00 3,500.00
Concessions department 3,124.00 2,500.00
Horse department 1,994.00 1,500.00
Cattle department 1,575.00 1,250.00
Swine department 1,019.00 750.00
Sheep department 654.00 500.00
Poultry department 490.00 400.00
Machinery department 1,560.00 850.00
6 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
Agricultural department 1,218.00 750.00
Horticultural and Floricultural 589.00 450.00
Speed department 1,316.00 970.00
Exposition department 665.00 500.00
Educational department 334.00 250.00
Ticket auditing department 479.00 350.00
Boys and girls' club department 1,292.00 900.00
Boys and girls' judging contest... 102.00 75.00
Baby health department 1,332.00 950.00
Program Women and Children's building 1,038.00 800.00
Day nursery 222.00 200.00
Campers' headquarters 387.00 175.00
Auto parking 280.00
Property men 447.00 400.00
Art department 285.00 225.00
Awards department 92.00 100.00
Janitors 786.00 700.00
Dairy department 1,723.00 1,500.00
Plants and flowers 889.00 750.00
Premium ribbons 2,525.00 2,000.00
Tents, bedding, etc 1,135.00 1,000.00
Cups and medals , 788.00 750.00
Signs 746.00 500.00
Miscellaneous items 16,616.00 12,650.00
$173,696.00 $146,620.00
Mr. Mullen moved that the budget be adopted and approved by the
board. Motion seconded by Mr. McHenry and carried.
Mr. McHenry moved that all unfinished business be delegated to the
executive committee with power to act. Motion seconded by Mr. Curtiss
and carried.
The board adjourned to meet at the call of the president.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING.
March 8-9, 1922.
Members present Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
President Cameron appointed Mr. E. T. Davis a member of the auditing
committee, to take the place of Mr. Reeves, who was succeeded on the
board by Earl Ferris.
The following bids were received for printing the 1922 State Fair
Premium List, the bids on a basis of 256 pages to be printed on No. 1 S.
& S. C. book Daper:
Miles-Bratton $2,427.50
Homestead Co 2,060.00
Campbell Printing Co 2,268.00
Doty Publishing Co 2,265.00
John M. Jamison 2,085.00
Successful Farming 2,072.95
The committee authorized the secretary to let the contract to the Home-
stead Printing Co., who were the low bidders for $2,060.00 for 12,000 copies.
The secretary brought to the attention of the committee the proposition
of Walter W. Raub to put on balloon ascensions each day of the fair.
The committee directed the secretary to make a contract with Mr. Raub
for the seven days at $400,
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 7
Mr. Mullen, superintendent of the machinery department, recommended
that the charge for space in machinery hall be left the same as in 1921,
but instead of quoting the rate at 15c per square foot, the applications and
all advertising should quote the space as follows:
Full space, 17x35 feet, $90.
One-half space, 17x17% feet, $45.
The recommendation of Mr. Mullen was approved by the committee.
The secretary submitted propositions for bands to play the various
engagements at the Iowa State Fair:
A committee, including Dr. Atkins, director of the Argonne Post Band,
appeared before the committee and presented the merits of their band
and also urged the committee to engage the Argonne Post Band for this
year's fair.
The committee directed the secretary to enter into contract for Mur-
ray's Family Orchestra as per their proposition of $200 for the week.
The superintendent of grounds, Mr. Deets, was authorized to employ
a mechanic to overhaul the two Federal trucks, the Ford and Inter-
national trucks, and the two F. D. trucks recently acquired from the
government.
The committee entered into an agreement with George Whitney for the
sale of sugar sand from the pit northeast of the Coaster at 37 Y2c per
load.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
March 23-24-25, 1922.
The committee met with Cameron, Mullen and Corey present.
The committee attended the surplus property sale at Camp Dodge
on March 24 and purchased sixty transformers for the sum of $2,460.
The secretary was authorized to withdraw $5,000 from the savings
account and deposit same to the credit of W. W. Morrow, treasurer.
Also to issue a warrant in favor of the Surplus Property Officer for $2,460
in payment of the transformers.
The committee considered the propositions on file for guaranteeing
the appearance of certain professional automobile racing drivers and
racing cars. The committee decided to accept the following propositions
and directed the secretary to make contracts for same.
J. Alex Sloan, Chicago, Illinois, to furnish not less than six specially
constructed racing cars and six professional drivers to participate in the
auto racing on Friday, August 25 and Friday, September 1. Contract
also to provide that £>ig. Haugdahl shall exhibit his Wisconsin Special
racing car with which he broke the beach records.
International Auto Racing Association, Robert Hickey, manager, to
guarantee the appearance of eight specially constructed racing cars and
eight professional drivers to participate in the automobile racing on the
above dates.
Mr. A. F. Thaviu, director of Thaviu's Band, presented a proposition
to the committee to furnish a thirty-piece concert band for a period of
seven days, commencing Friday, August 25 and closing Thursday, August
8 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
31, for the sum of $3,200. And also to present each evening of the fair,
in front of the grand stand, one act from the grand opera Aida. In pro-
ducing this grand opera, Mr. Thaviu agrees to furnish not less than five
grand opera principals, a chorus of forty voices, a ballet of nine, the
necessary scenery and costumes, stage hands, carpenters, electricians,
rigging to handle the scenery, lights, etc., for the sum of $3,000. Under
this agreement Mr, Thaviu is to furnish everything complete for putting
on this production with the exception of the stage and the platform for
the band. The committee accepted Mr. Thaviu's proposition and directed
the secretary to draw and sign the contracts. ♦
The committee also accepted the proposition of the Argonne Post Band
to furnish a concert band consisting of thirty-three pieoes for eight days
at $1,985.
Also the proposition of Frank G. Isaacson, manager of the Fort Dodge
Military Band, for a band of twenty-five pieces for the eight days of the
fair at $2,050.
Also the proposition of George W. Landers for the Page County Farm-
ers' Band, consisting of thirty musicians, for seven days, commencing
Friday noon, August 25, and closing Friday noon, September 1, for the
sum of $1,000.
The superintendent of grounds, Mr. Deets, was authorized to purchase
a steel hand dump box owned by the Morris Plan Bank and stored
at the Iowa State Fair grounds, for a sum not to exceed $75 and to
have the same placed on one of the Federal trucks for hauling cinders,
sand, etc.
Prof. Fredrica Shattuck of the Iowa State College, in charge of the
Country Theatre movement, appeared before the committee and sub-
mitted a proposition for conducting the Country Theatre at the Iowa
State Fair. She stated that at the 1921 fair, the expense of putting
on this enterprise was taken care of out of funds derived from putting
on amateur theatricals. She further stated that these funds were
depleted and it would not be possible to finance the matter in this man-
ner again this year, and asked for an appropriation of approximately
$800 to defray the expense.
The committee informed Miss Shattuck that inasmuch as there was
nothing in the budget to take care of this expense, they would authorize
her to make an admission charge to the Country Theatre of ten cents
and that the board would make up any deficiency up to $800. Miss
Shattuck accepted the proposition and agreed to present the Country
Theatre at the State Fair.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
April 27-28-29, 1922.
Members present: Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The executive committee and members, Curtiss and McHenry, at-
tended the funeral of W. W. Morrow, treasurer of the department, at
Afton, Iowa, on Thursday, April 27.
The executive committee met with the following representatives for
the purpose of working out a classification and details for holding the
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 9
National and State Horseshoe Pitching Tournaments: Mr. B. G. Leigh-
ton, president of the National Horseshoe Pitchers' Association; Mr.
James McKeon, president and T. H. Fogarty, treasurer of the State
Association, and Joe Becker, secretary of the Polk County Horseshoe
Pitchers' Association.
The committee decided to locate the courts in the open space north
of the brick horse barn and south of the Fish and Game Exhibit. The
classification as agreed upon called for an appropriation by the State
Fair Management of $900 in the Men's National Tournament, $100 in
the Women's National Tournament, and $250 in the State Tournament.
The State Fair management is also to provide the six medals offered
in the Men's and Women's National Tournaments at a cost not to
exceed $200. The entry fee in the national tournament for men was
fixed at $2.00 and for women at $1.00, and in the Men's State Tourna-
ment at $1.00. The classification and rules to be practically the same
as used at the national tournament held at the Minnesota State Fair
in 1921.
The following officers for the tournament were selected: Tourna-
ment manager, B. C. Leighton; referee, James McKeon; head scorer,
Mrs. H. J. Pletscher; superintendent of courts, T. H. Fogarty.
It was agreed that the tournament was to be advertised and held
under the auspices of the National Horseshoe Pitchers' Association of
the United States; the National League of Horseshoe and Quoit Pitch-
ers' Association; Iowa State Horseshoe Pitchers' Association and the
Iowa State Fair.
It was agreed that, Mr. B. G. Leighton was to be paid $100, hotel and
traveling expenses, for his service in promoting and managing the
tournament. It was also agreed that Mr. Leighton was to solicit the
trophies to be offered by the state and national associations, and that
the other trophies offered as prizes, in both the national and state,
were to be solicited by a local committee selected by the State and Polk
County Horseshoe Pitchers' Associations.
The State Tournament to start Monday morning, August 28; the Na-
tional Tournament to start at two o'clock Tuesday, August 29 and the
Women's National Tournament at nine a. m., Wednesday, August 30.
The executive committee assigned the three spaces in the east end of
the exhibition room under the grand stand to the board of control of
state institutions for their industrial exhibit; also the sleeping room
in the cattle barn just back of the sale ring for sleeping quarters for
the boys' band, and men in charge of the exhibits. It was also agreed
that the fair would furnish the material for building the necessary
booths in this exhibit room with the understanding that the board of
control would furnish the necessary labor for construction of same.
The board of control agreed to have an' exhibit from each of their
sixteen state institutions and also a creditable exhibit of dairy cattle.
At the request of the superintendent of the educational department,
the executive committee agreed to designate Friday as "Children and
Public School Day", grant the public schools the use of the assembly
tent on that day and also appropriate $50 to defray the expense of bring-
10 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
ing in a high school band to take part in the program, to be provided
and carried out in the assembly tent.
Prof. P. C. Taff and F. P. Reed presented a proposition to the com-
mittee for serving meals to the boys and girls having exhibits and tak-
ing part in demonstrations during the fair.
It was the opinion of the executive committee that the old floral
hall might be made available as a mess hall for this purpose and
that the necessary tables, refrigerator, and hotel ranges might be secured
from Camp Dodge.
The executive committee suggested that they would consider a plan
whereby they would furnish the building and this equipment provid-
ing the state club leader would give the matter general supervision
and employ some one to operate the dining hall, with the understand-
ing that the charge for meals would take care of the operating expense.
The secretary presented a list of equipment necessary to complete
the instalment of the large transformers at the transformer station,
total cost to be approximately $671.50. Also a requisition for 400
gallons of transformer oil to refill the transformers purchased from
Camp Dodge. The executive committee authorized the purchase of
same.
The committee also entertained a proposition from John Connelly,
Des Moines, Iowa, for putting on a head-on collision on Saturday, August
26. In his proposition he proposes to give the State Fair the first
$20,000 of receipts at the outside gates and afternoon grand stand, he
to receive the next $10,000, and all over $30,000 to be divided fifty-
fifty. Or, he would give the State Fair the first $18,000, he to receive
the next $8,000 and all over $26,000 to be divided fifty-fifty. Action
on this matter was deferred until it might be brought to the attention
of the board.
The secretary presented a letter from Frank D. Paine, professor of
electrical engineering, Iowa State College, for putting on an exhibit of
amateur radio outfits.
The executive committee authorized an appropriation of $60, $30 to be
offered for outfits exhibited by boys under fourteen years of age, and
$30 for outfits exhibited by boys over fourteen and under twenty years
of age.
The request of Mr. Griffin and Mr. Rood for the use of the race track
for a race meeting on July 4 and 5 was brought to the attention of the
committee. The committee agreed that they might have the use of the
track on the above dates for the purpose of putting on a race meeting
for the actual expense the fair might incur on account of making arrange-
ments and in taking care of the track during the meeting.
The superintendent of grounds was directed to have such repairs made
to the roof of the swine judging pavilion and the swine barn as is
absolutely necessary to prevent further depreciation of the sheeting.
The committee approved the contract made by the secretary with E. L.
Keyser and D. J. Tracy for publishing the official catalog. Contract
provides the above parties shall publish ten thousand copies, furnish
the fair one thousand copies free, and pay seventy-five per cent of the
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 11
printing bill. They to receive receipts from advertising and sale of
catalogs. The Fair to pay twenty-five per cent of the printing bill.
The committee approved payment of bills.
MEETING OF THE STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.
May 11, 1922.
Meeting was called to order at 9:30 a. m. by President C. E. Cameron.
The following members responded to roll call: C. E. Cameron, J. P.
Mullen, A. R. Corey, H. O. Weaver, E. T. Davis, Earl Ferris, E. J. Curtin,
Cyrus A. Tow, T. C. Legoe, C. F. Curtiss, F. E. Sheldon, Sears McHenry,
Carl E. Hoffman, H. L. Pike, R. G. Clark and Dr. Peter Malcolm.
Absent: Gov. N. E. Kendall and Pres. R. A. Pearson.
The president announced that the purpose of the meeting was to elect
a treasurer to fill the vacancy caused by the death of W. W. Morrow.
President Cameron called upon Mr. Weaver, chairman of the resolu-
tions committee, to present the resolution that the committee had pre-
pared. The following resolution was presented by Mr. Weaver and
unanimously adopted by a standing vote of the board.
IN ME MORI AM
Willison W. Morrow, in his seventy-fifth year, died at his home in
Afton, Union County, Iowa, on the 25th day of April, 1922.
The history of Iowa would be incomplete without the story of his
life. The merits of his true worth and manly qualities were discovered
in his early boyhood days. His nearest neighbors first learned to love
him because of these qualities, and soon his broadmindedness and
unselfish motives found a place in the hearts of the citizenship of Union
County, and finally he became one of the leaders of our great state.
The earliest recollections we have of Mr. Morrow was his association
with men of true character and worth in the affairs of his time. His
good judgment was consulted by his immediate friends, his agricul-
tural associates, and his political adherents. The general welfare of
Iowa, and especially of the Eighth District, was never measured until
it had his voice of sanction.
He was elected from Union County as a member of the Twenty-third
and Twenty-fourth General Assemblies. He was director of the State
Agricultural Society from December, 1898 to July 4, 1900; a director of
the State Board of Agriculture from July 4, 1900 to December 10, 1902;
was president of the State Board of Agriculture from December 10, 1902
to December 12, 1906. He was elected treasurer of the state of Iowa'
in 1907 and served until 1913. On February 24, 1915, he was elected
treasurer of the State Board of Agriculture where he served until the
time of his death.
As officers and directors of the State Board of Agriculture we were
impressed by his frank address; his straightforward manner of living;
and his plain confidence in the good fellowship of those with whom
he met. He loved a true heart, and discarded deceit and hypocrisy
wherever found. His was a sturdy character, surrounded by the most
12 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
lovable instincts of humanity, which can come from only a broad mind
and sympathetic nature.
"Stout muscles and a sinewy heart,
A hardy frame and hardier spirit;
King of his two hands, he does his part,
In every useful toil and art."
He -was one of the builders of this institution, and gave his heart
and soul to the progress of agriculture in this state, believing, as he
did, that it was the foremost industry and the basis upon which our
future welfare must rest. As an officer of the State Board of Agricul-
ture, he devoted his entire energy to the success and up-building of this
great institution. Willison W. Morrow loved his life's work, content with
the progress that he had shared in the making of citizenship. His
industrious life, coupled with his love for the up-building of this depart-
ment, will stand as a monument to his wisdom, and those accomplish-
ments we, as officers and members of the State Board of Agriculture,
will most graciously inherit.
Therefore Be It Resolved, That it is with deep regret and profound
sorrow that this board is called upon to chronicle the death of Honor-
able Willison W. Morrow.
Resolved, That the State Board of Agriculture extend to his family
and the people of the state of Iowa condolence in their bereavement.
Resolved, That the secretary of this department transmit to the family
of the deceased a copy of these resolutions, with the action of this
board thereon.
E. J. Curtin
T. C. Legoe
H. O. Weaver
Committee on Resolutions.
N. E. Kendall
C. E. Cameron
J. P. Mullen
A. R. Corey
E. T. Davis
Earl Ferris
Cyrus A. Tow
C. F. Curtiss
F. E. Sheldon
Carl E. Hoffman
Sears McHenry
H. L. Pike
R. G. Clark
P. Malcolm
President Cameron announced that the next order of business would
be the election of a treasurer and requested that the secretary read
the names of the candidates who had been suggested for this position.
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 13
Mr. McHenry moved that the board proceed to take an informal
ballot. Motion was seconded by Mr. Davis, and carried. The informal
ballot resulted as follows:
F. E. Sheldon 10 votes
N. W. McBeath 3 votes
E. H. Hoyt 2 votes
Mr. Sheldon presented the following communication to the board:
"To the Iowa State Board of Agriculture:
I hereby tender my resignation as a member of the Iowa State Board
of Agriculture from the Eighth Congressional District.
F. E. Sheldon"
Mr. Mullen moved that the resignation of Mr. Sheldon, as director
from the Eighth District, be accepted. Motion seconded by Mr. Ferris,
and unanimously adopted.
Mr. McHenry moved that the board proceed to take a formal ballot
for treasurer to fill the unexpired term caused by the death of W. W.
Morrow. The ballot resulted in sixteen votes for F. E. Sheldon of
Mt. Ayr. The president declared Mr. Sheldon duly elected.
Mr. Weaver moved that the salary of the treasurer be fixed at two
hundred and fifty dollars per year and traveling expenses as provided
by law and that he be required to give a personal bond of one hundred
thousand dollars, same to be approved by the board. Motion seconded
by Mr. Curtin, and carried.
Mr. B. W. Garrett, clerk of the supreme court, appeared before the
board and administered the oath of office to Mr. Sheldon as treasurer
of the Iowa Department of Agriculture.
Mr. Sheldon presented his personal bond for one hundred thousand
dollars, signed by Simon Casady, W. S. Nollen and D. N. Grimes, officers
of the Central State Bank, as sureties.
Mr. Curtin moved that the bond presented by Mr. Sheldon be accepted
by the board and filed with the secretary. Motion seconded by Mr.
Hoffman, and unanimously adopted.
The president announced that the election of Mr. F. E. Sheldon as
treasurer of the department left a vacancy on the board of directors
from the Eighth District.
Mr. J. S. Connelly appeared before the board and presented a proposi-
tion for putting on a head-on collision Saturday, August 26. In brief,
Mr. Connelly proposed to furnish two locomotives with two box cars
attached to each to be used in the collision, he to take care of all
expense necessary to put on this collision. The State Fair to receive
the first $20,000 taken in at the outside gates up to five o'clock and at
the afternoon grand stand; next $10,000 to be paid to Mr. Connelly as
compensation for putting on the collision. All amounts over $30,000 to
be divided equally between the fair and Mr. Connelly.
After considerable discussion Mr. Ferris moved that the board accept
the proposition made by Mr. Connelly for the head-on collision and that
the executive committee be authorized to enter into a contract on a
basis equally as favorable to the fair as the proposition outlined by Mr.
Connelly. Upon roll call the vote resulted as follows: Ayes, Mullen,
14 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
Corey, Weaver, Davis, Ferris, Tow, Curtiss, Sheldon, Hoffman, McHenry,
Pike, Clark, Malcolm. Noes: Cameron, Curtin and Legoe. Ayes, 13.
Noes, 3.
Upon motion duly made, seconded and carried, the board recessed
until 1:00 p. m.
AFTERNOON SESSION
1:00 P. M.
The board reconvened with the same officers and members present
as at the forenoon meeting.
Mr. Sheldon moved that Mr. J. C. Beckner of Page County be elected
by the board as director of the Eighth District to fill out the unexpired
term. Motion seconded by Mr. McHenry, and unanimously adopted.
The president declared Mr. Beckner duly elected.
Upon motion made, seconded and carried the board adjourned to
meet at the call of the president.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
May 11, 1922
Immediately following the board meeting, the executive committee
met with the following members present: Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
A telegram from Mr. D. V. Moore, secretary of the International As-
sociation of Fairs, calling attention to the hearing before the Western
Passenger Association in Chicago on Tuesday, May 16, on special pas-
senger rates to state fairs, was read by the secretary. The committee
authorized the secretary to attend this meeting as a representative of
the Iowa State Fair.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
May 25-26-27, 1922.
The committee met with the following members present: Cameron,
Mullen and Corey; also Directors F. E. Sheldon and J. C. Beckner.
Mr. B. W. Garrett, clerk of the supreme court, administered the
oath of office to Mr. J. C. Beckner as director of the State Board of
Agriculture from the Eighth District.
The committee assigned Mr. Beckner as superintendent of the admis-
sions department. The committee and Mr. Sheldon went over all the
details of the admissions department with Mr. Beckner.
The committee employed Mr. T. H. Fogarty to construct twenty horse-
shoe courts for taking care of the state and national horseshoe pitching
tournaments.
The committee, with Mr. Fogarty and the superintendent of grounds,
laid out the courts and authorized the purchase of the necessary ma-
terial for properly equipping same.
The committee conferred with Adjutant General Lasher and Gov.
N. E. Kendall regarding the borrowing or purchasing of the two 350 k. w.
transformers. Inasmuch as the state was unable to close the contract
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 15
for the buildings and equipment at Camp Dodge, the secretary was
authorized to cooperate with Governor Kendall with a view to borrowing
these transformers from the War Department with the understanding
that they were to either be returned after the State Fair or a satisfactory
settlement made for same.
The committee approved payment of bills.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
June 28-29-30
Members present: Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The committee met with Mr. C. G. Van Vliet and Dean Schooler for
the purpose of discussing arrangements for the Midseason Automobile
Show to be held in connection with the Iowa State Fair. It was agreed
that the three north platforms in Machinery Hall were to be set aside for
the Automobile, Truck and Accessory exhibit. The rent to be 15c per
square foot or $90 for a full space.
The committee met with Mr. Warsaw, representing the Ford Motor Com-
pany, for the purpose of arranging space for the Ford exhibit. The com-
mittee visited the grounds with Mr. Warsaw and he was shown Power
Hall and also all of the ground between Power Hall and the street car
entrance. The charge for this space to be $1,000 for Power Hall and
25c per front foot for the space in the open field. No definite arrange-
ments were made regarding this space.
The committee met with Adjutant General Lasher and made arrange-
ments for the use of the two 350 K. W. transformers.
The following bids were received for publishing the official catalog
based on 444 pages, 25 per cent of the expense to be paid by the Iowa
State Fair and 75 per cent to be paid by E. L. Keyser and D. J. Tracy,
who have the contract for publishing the official catalog:
8,000 copies 10,000 copies
Advance Printing Company $3,000 $3,400
James J. Doty Publishing Company 3,100 3,500
Campbell Printing Company 3,100 3,500
Homestead Printing Company 2,650
The committee authorized Mr. Keyser and Mr. Tracy to let this con-
tract to the Homestead Printing Company as per above bid.
The committee met with Professor P. C. Taff and F. P. Reed for the
purpose of making final arrangement for handling the mess hall
for the boys and girls taking part in club work. It was agreed that the
State Fair, management would turn over floral hall for this purpose.
Remove the old tables, shelving, etc., and place the floor in reasonably
good repair. Also build in the necessary tables, counters, wash racks,
etc., and provide one large range and one large refrigerator which were
to be borrowed from the adjutant general's department. The superin-
tendents of the department, Mr. Taff and Mr. Reed were authorized to
arrange for a manager of the mess hall and the same to be operated so
16 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
that the expense of operation will be taken care of by the charge made
for meals. They also to arrange for the necessary dishes, cooking
utensils and other equipment.
The secretary was authorized to employ Harry Strandholm as chef
of the club dining hall. The budget for the help in the dining hall,
including the salary of the chef, not to exceed $650.
President Cameron appointed Mr. Sears McHenry to succeed Mr. F. E.
Sheldon on the auditing committee.
The committee with the superintendent of grounds made a thorough
investigation of the proposed roads leading out of the camp grounds.
The committee decided to improve the road leading from the camp
grounds near the game keeper's cottage to Dean Avenue, and direct-
ing the superintendent of grounds to do the necessary grading and cin-
dering of same.
The secretary was authorized to pay the dues amounting to $25 issued
by the organization known as the National Association of Commissioners
and Secretaries of Agriculture.
The committee approved payment of bills.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
July 11-12, 1922
Members present: Mullen and Corey.
The committee met with Mr. Warsaw and Mr. Edmonds of the Ford
Motor Company for the purpose of arranging space for their exhibit dur-
ing the State Fair.
The committee and representatives of the Ford Motor Company visited
the fair grounds and it was decided that they should have all of power
hall for a rental of $1,000; the 80 feet of open space west of power hall
and one-half of the block, 150x260 feet north of power hall. The outside
space to be paid for at 25c per front foot.
The board of control submitted their bids for constructing booths in
the grand stand exhibit room. The lumber bill amounted to $1,100 and
labor $610. As per previous arrangements by the executive committee
it was agreed that the State Fair would pay for the lumber and other
material and the board of control would pay for the labor.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
July 20-21, 1922
Members present: Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The committee appropriated $150 for the purpose of bringing the
Madrid Boy Scout band, consisting of 40 pieces, to the Iowa State Fair.
The secretary presented a communication from Dr. Means stating that
it would be necessary for her to make a special trip from New York
City to Des Moines to take charge of the baby health department. She
also asked that the board pay her actual expenses while on this trip
in lieu of any per diem for services as medical director of the baby
health department. The committee granted this request.
The proposition to bring two loan art exhibits to the Iowa State Fair
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OP AGRICULTURE 17
at an expense of $200 and transportation as submitted by Prof. Cum-
ming, superintendent of the art department, was approved by the com-
mittee.
The following plan and budget for decorating the agricultural building
was approved by the committee:
The Wingate Company for placing bunting decorations in the ceiling,
$200. Fred Heathershaw for decorating band stand and back walls with
grain and agricultural products, $350. It was also the understanding
that this will compensate Mr. Heathershaw for his service as assistant
superintendent of the agricultural department from August 15 until all
exhibits are returned at the close of the fair. Wilson Floral Company
for furnishing southern smilax for decorating columns, and for palms,
ferns and plants used in decorating the building, also to take care of a
rental charge of $75 for the use of trellis used on columns, for the sum
of $300.
The secretary was authorized to accept the proposition of the Kirk-
man Rolling and Adjustable Trellis Company which provided that upon
payment of $50 in addition to the $75 rent paid by the Wilson Floral
Company, and also granting said company the use of a small booth in
the agricultural building in which to demonstrate and sell the trellis,
the trellis to become the property of the State Fair. Said company also
agrees to take down the trellis, repaint and replace it for the next five
years for a space to demonstrate and sell the trellis in the agricultural
building.
The secretary was authorized to complete the horseshoe pitching
courts, this to include setting the posts and roping off the grounds,
provide the bleachers and all necessary supplies as required by Mr.
Leighton, the tournament manager. The committee also agreed that
where a manufacturer of horseshoes contributed a trophy valued at not
less than $25 that they were to be granted free space for exhibiting and
selling their shoes.
The communication from the highway commission in which they
offered to permanently assign 90 or 100 pyramid tents, 16x16 feet, was
presented to the committee. The committee authorized the secretary
to make arrangements for 90 of these tents to be used in taking care
of the overflow of boys and girls in the dormitory, also the boy scouts
which help in the various departments. The secretary was authorized
to purchase, not to exceed, 200 wire cots and 200 bed sacks.
The committee with Dean Curtiss visited the fair grounds for the
purpose of working out a plan to provide box seats in the stock pavilion.
It was decided to build sixteen boxes, providing six seats each, on the
west side, and also the same number on the east side of the pavilion.
Mr. F. E. Van Alstine representing the Fischer Flying Circus, placed
a proposition to bring a flying circus to the Iowa State Fair, and to
make the following flights:
Day flights to consist of stunt flying, parachute drops from aeroplane,
aero combat between two planes, also an illuminated night flight, not
less than three displays of fireworks attached to plane. The cost to be
$600 for the night flights and $100 and the exclusive passenger carrying
privilege for the day flights.
2
18 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
The committee accepted the proposition made by Mr. Van Alstine and
authorized the secretary to execute the contract.
The secretary was authorized to employ an assistant in the publicity
department qualified to write up and give the proper publicity to the
live stock end of the show.
The committee with Mr. Fairall visited the Des Moines daily news-
paper offices and discussed plans for this year's fair and solicited the
co-operation of the newspapers in giving the fair the proper publicity.
The committee agreed to meet on August 3 and the secretary was
directed to notify Mr. J. C. Beckner, superintendent of the admissions
department, and Mr. C. E. Hoffman, superintendent of the public safety
department, to meet with the committee at that time for the purpose
of going over the details of their departments.
The committee met with Mr. Waymack, managing editor of the
Register and discussed plans for the final judging in the state-wide
beauty contest and the entertainment of the girls in the contest.
The committee approved payment of bills.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
August 3-4, 1922.
Members present: Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The committee met with Cyrus Harvey, Dr. Holmes of Drake Uni-
versity, Mr. Vaughn, Des Moines University and Mr. Dean of Simpson
College and discussed a plan for the sectarian colleges to make an ex-
hibit and headquarters at the fair.
It was agreed that these colleges were to be assigned five full spaces
in machinery hall and that all colleges were to be invited to occupy
this space with exhibits. The space to be donated and one ticket
issued for a representative of each college.
The committee accepted the proposition of the Thomas Electric Com-
pany to furnish three loud speaking machines and install same in front
of grand stand, also install and operate a broadcasting station on the
fair grounds during the fair for the sum of $200.00.
The committee authorized the secretary to employ T. Fred Henry's
orchestra at $492 to play in the agricultural building and stock pavilion,
alternating with the Page County Band.
The committee agreed to assign one-half space in machinery hall to
the Des Moines Automobile Club for the purpose of maintaining a road
information bureau for State Fair visitors.
Also the Chamber of Commerce a 35 foot space under the overhanging
roof of machinery hall on the east side near the northeast entrance.
The committee accepted the proposition of F. M. Barnes to deduct $500
from his contract and cancel the act "Ballet of Jewels."
The committee met with representatives of the Register and Tribune
for the purpose of making arrangements for the beauty contest.
The committee approved payment of bills.
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 19
SPECIAL COMMITTEE MEETINGS
August 14, 1922.
Mr. H. L. Pike, superintendent of the cattle department, assigned
stalls in the cattle department.
August 14-15, 1922.
Mr. C. F. Curtiss, superintendent of the horse department, and Mr.
Joe McCoy, assistant superintendent, assigned stalls in the horse de-
partment, and also arranged the daily judging program, and the program
for the four night horse shows.
August 16, 1922.
Mr. Cyrus A. Tow, superintendent of the swine department, assigned
pens in the swine department.
IN VACATION
As per instructions of the executive committee the secretary made
contract with T. Fred Henry for a seven piece orchestra for seven days
for $492 to play concerts in the agricultural building and stock pavilion.
As per instructions of the executive committee the secretary made
arrangements with Mrs. I. H. Tomlinson to serve as chaperone and
hostess to the girls entered in the beauty contest for the sum of $100.
Space 20 x 35 feet was assigned to the U. S. Navy in machinery de-
partment. An order was placed with the Seick Tent & Awning Com-
pany for a new awning of 12 ounce duck for enclosing the south side of
the exhibit room under the grandstand for the sum of $225.
The following bids were received for furnishing canvas for large canvas
sign 12 x 94 feet of 10 ounce duck to be placed on back of grandstand
advertising Night Show:
Stoner McCray Company $105.00
Des Moines Tent & Awning Company 95.00
Seick Tent & Awning Company 67.68
Contract was awarded to the Seick Tent & Awning Company on the
above figures. Contract was given the Stoner McCray Company for
painting large canvas sign for the sum of $150.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
August 19— September 2, 1922, Inc.
The executive committee held no regular meetings during the period
of the fair.
The committee approved payment of all bills and contracts made dur-
ing the period of the fair, and also such other matters that were brought
to their attention for adjustment.
20 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
MEETING STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
Wednesday, August 30, 1922.
Board Room, Administration Building, 10:15 P. M.
As per the call of the president the board convened in the board
room at 10:15 p. m. with the following members present: Cameron,
Mullen, Corey, Sheldon, Weaver, Davis, Ferris, Curtin, Tow, Legoe,
Beckner, Hoffman, McHenry and Pike. For the purpose of considering
the following protest filed by A. J. Blakely & Son:
August 30, 1922.
To the Iowa State Board of Agriculture,
Des Moines, Iowa.
Gentlemen:
The undersigned exhibitor at the Iowa State Fair hereby formally pro-
tests the eligibility of sheep labeled A. F. Arnold to compete in the "Iowa
Specials," Divisions No. 46 and No. 48, under the entry of Warner, Hill
and Arnold exhibitors.
Similarly, the sheep labeled O. F. Warner are protested to compete in
the "Iowa Specials," Divisions No. 46 and 48, under the entry Hanson &
Warner exhibitors.
The sheep exhibited by Warner, Hill & Arnold carrying ear tags A. F.
Arnold, are registered in the American & Delaine Merino Record Associa-
tion as bred by A. F. Arnold, and the sheep exhibited by Hanson &
Warner, carrying ear tags O. F. Warner, are registered in the American
& Delaine Merino Record Association as bred by O. F. Warner.
Evidence will follow.
(Signed) A. J. Blakely & Son,
by
A. J. Blakely Jr.
August 28, 1922.
A. J. Blakely, Jr.,
Des Moines, Iowa.
Dear Sir:
Warner, Hill & Arnold have never recorded any sheep in this associa-
tion but I find they have had the following sheep transferred to Warner
& Hill: A. F. Arnold Nos. 527, 563 & 544. 1920 correct Nos. 584 & 539;
Nos. 607 & 546; Nos. 492 & 498; Nos. 589, 563 & 544. Nos. 624 & 652
born 1922. No. 415 born 1919 and No. 371 born 1917. Nos. 388 & 393
born 1918. Numbers not mentioned as to year born are correct. Nos.
51, 44, 5, 33, 38 & 39 are recorded as O. R. Warner and have not been
transferred. Ages are correct on these numbers.
Hope this gives you the necessary information.
American and Delaine-Merino Record Ass'n.,
(Signed) Gowdy Williamson.
Mr. A. J. Blakely Jr. appeared before the board and explained why the
protest was filed, and why the sheep entered in the name of Warner,
Hill & Arnold and the sheep entered in the name of Hanson & Warner
were not entitled to be shown in the Iowa Specials Divisions. Mr. O. F.
Warner appeared before the board and explained his position and ad-
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 21
mitted under the strict interpretation of the rules governing the eligibility
of sheep shown in the Iowa divisions that the sheep entered in the name
of Warner, Hill & Arnold and the sheep entered in the name of Hanson
& Warner, were not eligible to these classes.
On motion duly made, seconded and carried the protest was sustained
and the secretary was instructed to return the $20 deposit to Mr. Blakely
and Superintendent Davis was instructed to correct the awards in these
divisions eliminating the herds shown by Warner, Hill & Arnold and
Hanson & Warner.
Upon motion the board adjourned.
MEETING STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
Thursday, August 31, 1922.
Board Room, Administration Building, 8:00 P. M.
As per the call of the president the board convened in the board room
of the administration building at 8:00 p. m. with the following members
present: Cameron, Mullen, Corey, Sheldon, Weaver, Davis, Ferris. Cur-
tin, Tow, Legoe, Curtiss, Beckner, Hoffman, McHenry and Pike.
The purpose of the meeting was to present the pay rolls of the various
superintendents for approval of the board. The following pay rolls were
presented and for the information of the board the secretary also pre-
sented the amount of the budget for each pay roll as appropriated and
approved by the board at the February meeting, also the amount of 1921
pay rolls for comparison.
Pay Roll Budget Pay Roll
1921 1922 1922
Department Fair Fair Fair
Treasurer $ 3,967 $ 2,700 $ 2,891.00
Admissions 6,318 4,600 4,574.35
Admissions — Ushers 1,348 1,000 900.00
Police 4,428 3,500 3,284.20
Concession 3,124 2,500 2,457.00
Horse 1,994 1,500 1,582.40
Cattle 1,575 1,250 1,403.75
Swine 1,019 750 962.50
Sheep 654 500 622.00
Poultry 490 400 399.50
Machinery 1,560 850 848.22
Agricultural 1,218 750 820.00
Horticultural 589 450 576.60
Speed 1,316 970 989.50
Textile and China 665 500 471.00
Educational 334 250 256.00
Ticket Auditing 479 350 325.00
Boys and Girls' Club 1,292 900 989.25
Boys and Girls' Judging Contest 102 75 60.00
Baby Health 1,332 950 1,167.02
W. and C. Building Program Com 1,038 800 520.73
Day Nursery 222 200 144.00
Campers Headquarters 387 175 174.00
Property Men 447 400 278.20
Art 285 225 261.42
Awards 92 100 134.50
Forage 912 750 700.67
$37,186 $27,395 $27,792.81
22 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
On motion duly made by Mr. Weaver and seconded by Mr. Ferris the
pay rolls as presented were approved by the board and the secretary
was instructed to issue an expense warrant covering the amount of each
pay roll and deposit same with the Central State Bank to the credit of
the superintendent's pay roll account.
The superintendents were directed to issue pay roll checks to the em-
ployes in their respective departments signing the checks "Iowa Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Per , Superintendent."
Mr. Mullen presented the following resolution pertaining to the press
and beauty contest and moved their adoption:
WHEREAS, The search conducted during the last ten months to find
the most beautiful girl in the State of Iowa, to be crowned queen of the
1922 Iowa State Fair, has been eminently successful, and.
WHEREAS, The manner of conducting this search and the impartiality
in the selection of the winner have met with the commendation of the
State at large, therefore,
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Iowa State Board of Agriculture hereby
extend a sincere expression of appreciation to the Des Moines Register
for the splendid assistance given in conducting this search. The State
Board of Agriculture feels that the Des Moines Register has performed
a splendid service in this, has conducted the contest on a particularly
dignified plane, and has, in the publicity given to the contest and to the
Iowa State Fair, done a splendid piece of work.
Resolutions to the Press of the State of Iowa.
WHEREAS, The Iowa State Board of Agriculture, constituting the
board of managers of the Iowa State Fair and Exposition, feels that
through their cooperation the newspapers of the State of Iowa have ren-
dered a great service and contributed materially to the success of the
1922 Iowa State Fair, and
WHEREAS, The Iowa State Fair and Exposition, being a state institu-
tion, the property of the people of Iowa and representing the achieve-
ments of this great state, holds a position which makes its success of
direct interest to every citizen of Iowa, and
WHEREAS, The Iowa State Board of Agriculture wishes to make
known its appreciation of this support by the press, both in its own be-
half and in behalf of the citizens of the State of Iowa who are the di-
rect owners of the exposition, therefore,
BE IT RESOLVED, That the Iowa State Board of Agriculture hereby
extend to the newspapers, farm papers and other publications of Iowa,
a sincere expression of appreciation for their splendid assistance in
making the 1922 Iowa State Fair and Exposition the crowning success
which it has been.-
The motion was seconded by Mr. McHenry and unanimously adopted.
Upon motion the Board adjourned.
MEETING STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
Friday, September 1, 1922
Board Room, Administration Building, 8:30 P. M.
As per the call of the president the board convened at 8:30 p. m. in the
board room of the administration building. Upon roll call the follow-
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 23
ing members responded: Cameron, Corey, Sheldon, Weaver, Davis,
Ferris, Curtin, Tow, Legoe, Curtiss, Beckner, Hoffman, McHenry and
Pike. Mr. Mullen having been excused for the purpose of attending the
meeting of the National Horseshoe Pitchers' Association at the Randolph
hotel, at which time the prizes and trophies awarded in the national
and state tournaments were to be awarded to the winners.
C. F. Curtiss presented the pay roll of the horse department for
$1,582.40. On motion duly made, seconded and carried the pay roll as
presented was approved.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
September 26-27, 1922
Members present, Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The committee approved the pay roll and expense account submitted
by Mrs. I. H. Tomlinson for the beauty contest. This to include $50
additional to Mrs. Tomlinson on account of extra services she was asked
to render in, the matter of selecting judges, arranging for the pageant,
etc.
The committee approved payment of bills.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
October 12-13, 1922
The committee met with members Cameron, Mullen and Corey present.
The committee approved payment of the bill rendered by the board
of control for the state fair's share of expense in building exhibit booths
under the grand stand, amounting to $1,310.50.
The communication from the Independent Tent & Awning Company
along with a statement of the business they did on the state fair grounds
during the 1922 state fair was brought to the attention of the committee.
The secretary was directed to notify the Independent Tent & Awning
Company that they would be expected to pay a concession of 10%,
amounting to $100, on the business they did during the 1922 fair.
The application for a concession for the 1923 fair to be taken up imme-
diately after the board meeting on December 14th.
The communication from Frederica Shattuck who had charge of the
little country theatre, was presented to the committee. The statement
showed that the total receipts were $451.60, but did not include an
itemized statement covering the operating expenses. Inasmuch as the
committee had agreed to make up any deficit in the operating expense
up to $800, the secretary was directed to secure an itemized statement
showing the actual cost of operating the little country theatre, and
issue a warrant covering the difference between the receipts and the
actual operating expense provided that it did not exceed $348.40.
The secretary presented a list and budget covering planting at the
state fair grounds that Mr. Foglesong recommended be done this fall
amounting to $231.35. The committee approved the budget.
24 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
SPECIAL COMMITTEE MEETING
October 25, 1922
The meeting of the special committee consisted of the executive com-
mittee, Mr. A. C. Tow, superintendent of the swine department and Mr.
J. C. Duncan, assistant superintendent, called for the purpose of giving
Mr. L. H. Glover of Grandview, Missouri, an opportunity to be heard
regarding the 1922 Iowa State Fair. The evidence produced showed
that the sow Revelation's Best 298024, shown as a substitute entry at
the 1922 Iowa State Fair by L. H. Glover was in fact owned by L. H.
Glover and Sophian Farms at the time entries closed at the Iowa State
Fair.
Said sow was shown and won first place at the Missouri State Fair
by the Sophian Farms, and was also entered at the Iowa State Fair by
Sophian Farms. After a full hearing and Mr. Glover admitted the facts
as set out above, Mr. Mullen offered the following motion which was
seconded by Mr. Tow and adopted: Resolved that the Iowa State Fair
withhold the $15, first prize won by L. H. Glover on the sow Revela-
tion's Best 298024, in the class for senior yearling sow, also the third
prize of $8 for the aged herd, bred and owned by exhibitor, which herd
included the sow Revelation's Best.
This action was taken in accordance with rules 8 and 10 published in
the 1922 Iowa State Fair premium list, which provides that all animals
must be entered in the name of the bona fide owner and that all animals
must be owned by the exhibitor at the time entries close.
By motion duly made, seconded and carried, Mr. Glover was requested
and consented to refund the $15 paid him at the close of the Iowa State
Fair in 1921 on account of showing the boar "Tyes Liberater" in the
aged herd class by Glover and Moore. Said showing being in viola-
tion of rules 8 and 10 of the 1921 Iowa State Fair.
The secretary was authorized to deduct the sum of $38 as above
enumerated from Mr. Glover's winnings and pay him the balance amount-
ing to $125.00.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
October 25-26, 1922
Members present, Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The secretary "and superintendent of grounds were also directed to
arrange with the Seick Tent & Awning Company for moving the three
buildings owned by said company, about 100 feet west, and to move the
Grand Avenue entrance to the camp grounds abou* 50 feet west.
A communication from the governor calling for a budget for the
years 1922 and 1923 was brought to the attention of the committee. It
was agreed that the board should recommend $2,000 for insurance;
$2,400 for the support of the department of agriculture and $15,000 for
maintenance of state fair grounds and buildings annually.
The committee went over the schedule of insurance on buildings at
the state fair grounds and directed the secretary to place the following
additional insurance: $1,000 fire and tornado on farm houses; $5,000
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 25
fire and tornado on secretary's residence. The above insurance to be
placed in the Town Mutual Insurance Company. $10,000 additional fire
and tornado on women and children's building.
The secretary brought to the attention of the committee the fact that
the Des Moines city council had received bids on Monday, October 23rd,
for paving Dean Avenue from 30th to 34th street, and that the specifi-
cations provided that the work was to be completed within thirty days.
Inasmuch as the executive committee had already recommended that
a hard surface pavement be laid along the state fair grounds, they did
not deem it advisable to agree to laying any pavement this fall for
the reason that it would be impossible to complete same before freez-
ing weather. The secretary was directed to co-operate with the attorney
general in protesting against the letting of this contract until 1923.
AUDITING COMMITTEE MEETING
November 17 and 21
Members of the auditing committee Pike, Davis and McHenry audited
all bills on file on November 17th and 21st.
MEETING OF THE STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
December 14, 1922
The board convened at 9:30 o'clock a. m. with President Cameron
presiding. The following members responded to roll call: C. E. Cam-
eron, J. P. Mullen, A. R. Corey, F. E. Sheldon, H. O. Weaver, E. T. Davis,
Earl Ferris, E. J. Curtin, C. F. Curtiss, C. A. Tow, J. C. Beckner, Carl
E. Hoffman, Sears McHenry and H. L. Pike.
The secretary read the minutes of the board and executive committee
meetings commencing with the board meeting held March 7th and 8th,
1922, and concluded with the auditing committee meeting held Novem-
ber 21st, 1922. There being no corrections or additions to the minutes,
President Cameron announced that the minutes would stand approved
as read.
The secretary presented the report of the state accountant, Mr. F. H.
Paul, which had been filed with the president of the board, omitting
the financial statement and other tabulations accompanying the same
as they were simply a duplicate of the financial statement and other
comparative statements found in the report of the secretary.
TO THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF IOWA AND BOARD OF DIREC-
TORS OF THE IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Gentlemen: The following is a report of the examination of the
Iowa Department of Agriculture, for the period from December 1,
1921, to November 30, 1922.
IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
The examination of this department covers a period from December
1st, 1921, to November 30th, 1922.
26 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
The examination and audit of this department is made in compliance
with the statutes of this state, requiring the same to be made before
the board meeting in December of each year.
In making the examination, check and audit, we have checked all
sources from which revenue of the department is received.
The records show that all funds from' whatever source received have
been turned over to the treasurer of the department and fully accounted
for. All claims for expense and maintenance for the fair and depart-
ment have been examined and all premium awards have been carefully
examined to ascertain if properly executed, the proper approval made
thereof and the record approval by the board made before payment was
made.
The checks issued by the treasurer of the department for payment
of claims filed and approved, for expenses and the maintenance of the
fair and the premium awards made and approved, have been checked
against each and compared to ascertain if proper payments were made.
A number of checks issued by the treasurer are outstanding, not having
been presented for payment. A list of such and all outstanding checks
and warrants is submitted herewith.
The buildings on the grounds are kept insured in companies author-
ized to transact business in this state. The amount of fire insurance
in force on buildings, including secretary's house and barn, amounts to
the sum of $218,500.00. The tornado insurance in force on buildings on
the grounds amount to the sum of $271,500.00. The premiums paid on
both amount to the sum of $6,808.39. These policies expire in 1923,
1924, 1925 and 1927 as shown by statement submitted herewith.
The boys and girls in the public schools of the state, in their spelling
contest, manifest the same enthusiasm as ever. It is one of the draw-
ing attractions of the fair. The names of the boys and girls winning
places in the contest are submitted herewith.
Your attention is called to the comparative tables, showing the re-
ceipts and disbursements of the fair for the years 1921 and 1922. It
will be seen that the receipts for 1922 were $313,259.49 and those for
the year 1921 were $297,695.25, a gain of $15,564.24.
The total premium awards for 1922 fair were $104,521.65 and those for
1921 were $120,427.64, a decrease of $15,905.99. The total expense of the
fair, other than improvements, maintenance of grounds and premium
awards were for 1922 the sum of $161,753.46, that for the year 1921 were
$173,696.63, a decrease of $11,943.17.
The total receipts from all sources for the fair of 1922 including cash
balance at the close of the previous year, was $349,235.33, that for the
year 1921 was $419,740.55, a decrease of $70,505.22.
The total disbursements for all purposes for the year 1922 was $314,-
670.16, that for the year 1921 was $395,680.53, showing a saving of
$81,010.37 over last year in expenses.
The records and books of the secretary and treasurer of the depart-
ment, showing the number and value of tickets issued, sold and returned,
have been carefully checked and reconciled, a full accounting having
been made. The records kept of non-paid admissions to the grounds,
grand stand, and stock pavilion have been checked and a statement of
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OP AGRICULTURE 27
the same is submitted herewith. The free list shows an increase over
that of last year. A copy of the inventory taken in 1921 is submitted
herewith showing the assets and liabilities. The inventory for 1922
is not yet completed.
The records show that there was received, from fees received for the
registration of stallions and jacks, the sum of $3,877.00. This amount
was turned over to the treasurer of the department, a statement of the
same is submitted herewith. The over-payment to Geo. E. Whitney of
$2.00 shown in last year's report has been returned to the treasurer of
the department. A few errors were found, but have been corrected.
In the early part of the year the board met and adopted a budget
for each department of the fair, fixing a total of $146,620.00 as the
expenses for the year 1922 fair. After this had been adopted they took
on the train wreck, which cost the association $12,650.00, making a total
of $159,270.00. The records show that the total expense of the fair,
other than premiums, was $161,753.46, which exceeded the budget in
the sum of $1,483.46.
The board is to be commended for adopting a budget, for the expense
of the fair, and should each year make up and adopt a budget, for each
department and so supervise the expense of the department, that it
carries on its work within the amount set apart for it.
The records and books of the department are well kept and up to
date. A trial balance is taken each month.
F. H. PAUL, Accountant.
H. E. CROFT,
LOO LOO M. PAGE, Assistants.
There being no further business to come before the old board, the
president announced that a motion to adjourn sine die would be in order.
On motion duly made, seconded and carried the board adjourned
sine die.
The new board immediately convened and Mr. B. W. Garrett, clerk
of the supreme court, administered the oath of office to the following
newly elected officers and members of the state board of agriculture:
C. E. Cameron, J. P. Mullen, E. T. Davis, E. J. Curtin, C. Ed. Beman,
J. C. Beckner and Sears McHenry.
The roll was called and the following members responded: C. E.
Cameron, J. P. Mullen, A. R. Corey, F. E. Sheldon, H. O. Weaver, E. T.
Davis, Earl Ferris, E. J. Curtin, C. A. Tow, C. F. Curtiss, C. Ed. Beman,
J. C. Beckner, Carl E. Hoffman, Sears McHenry and H. L. Pike.
The president announced that the next order of business would be
the election of a secretary and treasurer.
Mr. H. C. Weaver moved that A. R. Corey be re-elected secretary at
a salary of $4,000.00 per year as provided by law and that he be required
to give a surety bond of $10,000.00, the premium to be paid out of the
state fair fund. In addition to the salary fixed by law the secretary
to be given the use of the house on the state fair grounds, also gasoline
and maintenance for automobile owned by the secretary and used in
part for state business. The motion was seconded by Mr. Sheldon and
unanimously adopted.
28 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
President Cameron declared Mr. A. R. Corey duly elected secretary
for the ensuing year.
Mr. Sears McHenry moved that Mr. F. E. Sheldon be elected treas-
urer to succeed himself for the ensuing year at a salary of $250 per
year and traveling expenses as provided by law, and that he be required
to give a personal bond of $100,000 to be approved by the board and
filed with the secretary. Motion was seconded by Secretary Corey and
unanimously adopted.
President Cameron declared Mr. Sheldon of Ringgold county duly
elected treasurer for the ensuing year.
Mr. Pike moved that the executive committee be authorized to employ
a superintendent of grounds at not to exceed $1,800 per year.
Mr. C. A. Tow moved that the executive committee recommend a list
of superintendents for the various departments and report at the after-
noon meeting. Motion was seconded by Mr. Davis and carried.
The matter of fixing the dates for the 1923 Iowa State Fair was dis-
cussed by the board. They were informed that the executive com-
mittee had claimed the same relative dates at the meeting of the Inter-
national Association of fairs held in Toronto, Canada, on November 29th.
Mr. McHenry moved that the dates for the 1923 Iowa State Fair be
set for August 22 to 31 inclusive, August 22 and 23 to be preparation
days and the same admission fee charged as at the 1922 fair. Motion
was seconded by Mr. Hoffman and unanimously adopted.
Mr. R. F. O'Donnell of Mason City, representing the county agents
and Mr. John A. Day, special representative of the Iowa Beef Producers
association, appeared before the board and presented the request of
the two organizations mentioned above, for better accommodations to
house the boys and girls' calf club exhibit and the boys and girls'
pig club exhibit. They were of the opinion that at least 400 additional
pens should be provided for the pig club exhibit and stalls for not less
than 750 head of calves as they anticipate this number will be on exhibi-
tion at the 1923 Iowa State Fair. They also stated that they realized
it would be necessary to secure a state appropriation to make these
improvements and that they would be glad to co-operate with the boaid
in securing such an appropriation.
Mr. O'Donnell also suggested that it would be more satisfactory if a
judging program was arranged so that the pigs and calves would not
be judged at the same time as it is quite necessary for the county agent
or club leader to be with the boys and girls at the time the judging of
both takes place. He also indicated that they should have at least a
day and one-half for judging the baby beeves at the 1923 State Fair.
The suggestion was also made that the privileges of the boys and girls
dormitories be limited to the boys and girls exhibiting live stock and
on the demonstration teams. Mr. O'Connell also stated that at the
county agents' conference at Ames a short time ago, steps were taken
to increase the exhibit in the pure bred heifer division.
The board recessed until 1:30 p. m.
The board having accepted the invitation of the Greater Des Moines
Committee, proceeded to the Des Moines club where lunch was served.
Short addresses were given by President Cameron, Secretary Corey, E.
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 29
T. Meredith, Harvey Ingham and J. P. Wallace. The Greater Des Moines
Committee, through its chairman and other members, expressed its de-
sire to co-operate with the fair management in stimulating more local
interest in the state fair.
Afternoon Session, 1:30 p. m.
Mr. Pike moved that the management of the 1923 Iowa State Fair be
delegated to the executive committee and elective members of the board
as provided by law. The motion was seconded by Mr. Davis and
adopted.
- The secretary informed the board that it would be necessary to publish
the premium list for the educational department at an early date in
order that it may be placed in the hands of the schools shortly after the
first of January.
Mr. Weaver moved that the secretary be authorized to publish the
educational premium list and that there be appropriated for prizes not
to exceed $850. Motion was seconded by Mr. Curtiss and adopted.
The executive committee recommended the following list of superin-
tendents for the 1923 fair:
Public Safety— Carl E. Hoffman.
Admissions — C. Ed. Beman.
Concessions and Privileges — Sears McHenry.
Horses — C. F. Curtiss.
Speed — E. J. Curtin.
Cattle— H. L. Pike.
Swine — C. A. Tow.
Sheep— E. T. Davis.
Implements and Machinery — J. P. Mullen.
Agriculture — H. O. Weaver.
Dairy— R. G. Clark.
Horticulture — Earl Ferris.
Exposition Building — J. C. Beckner.
Mr. McHenry moved that the list of superintendents as recommended
by the executive committee be approved by the board. Motion was
seconded by Mr. Curtiss and carried.
The secretary informed the board of the exhibit put on by the U. S.
Department of Agriculture at the recent international live stock exposi-
tion. This educational exhibit consists of 21 booths 15 feet wide and 10
feet deep and covers the activities of the U. S. Department of Agricul-
ture. The secretary also suggested that there was a possibility of se-
curing this exhibit for the 1923 Iowa State Fair providing the manage-
ment furnish a suitable building and make application for same at an
early date.
Mr. Davis moved that the secretary be instructed to communicate with
secretary Wallace requesting that this exhibit be sent to the Iowa State
Fair this year. Motion was seconded by Mr. Ferris and adopted.
Miss Neale S. Knowles appeared before the board and explained the
county project exhibits that are being put on by the farm bureau women
of the state. Miss Knowles stated that in 1922 twelve of these exhibits
were put on at the state fair in the room assigned to the home economics
30 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
department in the women's building, and in the hallway just outside of
this room. She also stated that it cost in the neighborhood of $75 or
$100 to bring the home demonstration agent to the fair for the purpose
of putting on and explaining these exhibits, and that she would like to
interest the board in offering premiums for such exhibits. She further
stated that she should have more space. The exhibits to be scored by
a score card and no exhibit to receive a premium unless it scored at
least 500 points out of a possible 1000 points. She also stated that if no
other space was available that by partition through the home economics
class room it would be possible to take care of 18 county exhibits and
that 18 counties had already indicated that they would make an exhibit
at the 1923 fair.
Mr. Hoffman moved that $500 be appropriated as prizes for the County
Project exhibits put on by the Farm Bureau women as outlined by Miss
Knowles. Motion was seconded by Mr. Pike and unanimously adopted.
Mr. F. E. Sheldon presented his bond of $100,000 signed by himself,
Grant McPherrin, L. W. Grimes and Simon Casady. Mr. McHenry
moved that the bond presented by Mr. Sheldon be approved by the
board and filed with the secretary.
Motion was seconded by Mr. Mullen and unanimously adopted.
The secretary presented the following suggestions for taking care of
the boys and girls' calf club and pig club exhibits:
It is quite evident to every member of the board that the boys and
girls' club department has grown beyond our expectations. This is es-
pecially true of the calf and pig club departments.
It is not necessary to present any argument as to the merit of this
work. Over eight hundred farm boys and girls took an active part in
this year's fair either by making an exhibit or as a member of a judg-
ing or demonstration team.
The most important features of this department are the calf and pig
club exhibits. The board must realize if these exhibits are to grow or
even maintain the present standard, more suitable quarters must be pro-
vided for taking care of them. The tent in which the pigs have been
exhibited is not only an expensive proposition each year, but in case of
rain or warm weather, is very unsatisfactory to the boys and girls show-
ing their pigs.
This year a wonderful exhibit of 350 head of baby beeves was crowded
out of the cattle barn into the old nurse cow sheds. These quarters
were not satisfactory to the boys and girls and were never intended to
house exhibition stock. They are in the back yard and seldom visited
by the public.
I believe the board should at this meeting decide upon some definite
plan for taking care of these exhibits. The legislature should be asked to
appropriate sufficient funds to make these improvements. It should not
be a difficult matter to figure out a plan to provide the additional pens in
the court of the swine barn and it would not be expensive construction.'
The matter of providing quarters for the calf club exhibit is a more
difficult problem. Suitable quarters for this exhibit might be provided
by completing the sheep barn and using the west half for this purpose.
The uncompleted section would be 140x232 feet and would provide stalls
PROCEEDINGS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE 31
for 500 head of calves. It would be inexpensive construction, as the two
main entrances were completed at the time the first section was built.
At this time the various propositions were thoroughly discussed by the
board. It was the unanimous opinion of the board that if the additional
pens were to be added to the swine pavilion that the present judging
ring should be moved to the center so that when the barn was completed
the pens would entirely surround the judging ring. The board also agreed
that the most economical plan for taking care of the calf club exhibit
would be to complete the sheep barn and use the new section for housing
this exhibit. Mr. Davis moved that the executive committee have the
architect prepare sketches for the completion of the sheep barn and for
moving the judging ring in the swine pavilion and providing the addi-
tional pens. And that the executive committee be requested to present
the matter to the legislature for their consideration.
Motion was seconded by Mr. McHenry and unanimously adopted.
President Cameron informed the board that the executive committee
had transmitted to the governor a request in the form of a budget asking
for $2,000 per year to take care of insurance premiums on buildings and
$15,000 annually for improvements, maintenance and repairs to buildings
on the state fair grounds. The purpose of the latter item is to replace
the roofs on the present swine barn, grandstand and porches of the ad-
ministration building and to make the necessary repairs to the gravel
roof on machinery hall, etc.
The secretary presented a communication from the Hawkeye Fair and
Exposition at Fort Dodge and also the traffic manager of the secretary of
the chamber of commerce at Fort Dodge, in which they request that
some arrangements be made whereby the live stock exhibited at the
Hawkeye Fair and Exposition might be accepted at the Iowa State Fair
Saturday morning instead of Friday morning. The matter was thor-
oughly discussed by the board and the conclusion was reached that it
would be impossible to complete the judging at the Iowa State Fair un-
less the boys' and girls' pigs and calves were judged the first week of
the fair, but that it would be satisfactory to accept the live stock entered
in the open classes any time Saturday, August 25th.
Mr. Curtiss moved that Rule 15 of the 1922 premium list be revised to
read as follows: "Exhibitors of live stock not making a circuit of state,
county or district fairs should be on the grounds not later than 9:00
o'clock a. m., Friday, August 24th, and all exhibits other than live stock
not later than 6:00 o'clock p. m., Thursday, August 23d, except as other-
wise provided for in special rules."
Motion was seconded by Mr. Pike and adopted.
Mr. McHenry moved that all unfinished business and any other busi-
ness necessary in making arrangements for properly conducting the 1923
Iowa State Fair be delegated to the executive committee with power
to act.
Motion was seconded by Mr. Ferris and carried.
On motion duly made, seconded and carried the board adjourned to
meet at the call of the president.
32 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
December 15, 1922
Members present: Cameron, Mullen and Corey.
The secretary was authorized to pay J. S. Connolly $500, balance due on
contract for train wreck.
The secretary was also instructed to get in touch with Keffer & Jones
at an early date and have sketches prepared for completing the sheep
barn and also the changes as contemplated in the swine barn and judging
pavilion.
PART II
Fifteenth Annual Meeting Iowa Fair Managers' Asso-
ciation, Des Moines, Iowa, December 12, 1922
The meeting was called to order at 10:00 a. m. by President E. S.
Estel. The roll was called and the convention took up the matters
to be considered.
President E. S. Estel : At this time I will appoint as the Committee
on Credentials Mr. J. C. Beckner, Chairman; Mr. Charles H. Bar-
ber and Mr. F. B. Selby. As the Committee on Resolutions I will
appoint Mr. S. D. Quarton, Chairman, Mr. H. S. Stanbery and
Mr. E. W. Williams.
There are a number of matters I believe should receive the atten-
tion of the members. In reviewing the minutes of the various meet-
ings held for the past two or three years, the officers found that
there was nothing which stated the legality of members in this organ-
ization. Everyone, whether they have paid their dues or not, have
in the past been entitled to a vote. You gentlemen know, I believe,
that an organization of this kind must have some regulations and all
members must abide by them. It was thought some regulation should
be made that no one except those who have paid their dues should
be entitled to a vote in the organization. I would be glad to have you
discuss that matter at this time briefly, and see if you do not see
fit to have a motion made to authorize fixing the membership of the
organization.
Mr. M. E. Bacon : I would make a motion that all fairs who have
not paid their 1922 dues before roll call this afternoon be not con-
sidered members of this Association and not have a vote.
Mr. Don Moore : I second that motion.
President E. S. Estel : You have heard the motion. All in favor
of the motion will signify by saying aye, Contrary no. The motion
carried.
34 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
We will now have the Treasurer's report:
TREASURERS' REPORT.
Des Moines, Iowa, December 11, 1922.
To the Officers and Members of the Iowa Fair Managers' Association:
Gentlemen:
Receipts of 1922.
Received from Ex. Treasurer Gatch $ 143.39
Received from Secretary Wilkinson 2,471.03
Total receipts $2,614.42
Expenditures:
Paid Orders 82 to 122, Inc $1,674.38
Balance on hand 940.04
$2,614.42
Respectfully submitted,
(Signed) Roy E. Rowland,
Treasurer Iowa Fair Managers' Association.
President Estel : I believe before we act upon the report of the
Treasurer it might be well to have the report of the Secretary and of
the Auditing Committee. We will have the Secretary's report of
receipts and disbursements for the year.
Report of the Secretary of the Iowa Fair Managers' Association for the
year ending December 1, 1922.
RECEIPTS
Cash Received from F. A. Gatch, Treasurer $ 871.98
Cash Received from M. E. Bacon, Secretary 976.30
1921 Dues Collected 14.72
1922 Dues Collected 923.71
$276.71
DISBURSEMENTS
Paid to Roy E. Rowland, Treasurer $2,614.42
Check Returned — "not honored" 20.00
Cash on Hand in Alta State Bank, Alta, Iowa 152.29
$2,786.71
REPORT OF ORDERS DRAWN ON TREASURER
Expense Legislative Committee — 1921 $ 499.01
Expense Entertainment Committee — 1921 84.01
Traveling Expense Officers— 1921 115.69
Postage— 1921 7.00
Total $ 743.71
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 35
Expense of Banquet $ 301.60
Music for Banquet 75.00
Expense 1921 Annual Meeting 10.50
Secretary Salary— 1921 147.66
Postage and Express 16.85
Printing 11.25
Stationery and Supplies 47.50
Dues, International Association Fairs and Expositions. 50.00
Total orders drawn $1,674.38
Respectfully submitted,
IOWA FAIR MANAGERS' ASSOCIATION,
Roy H. Wilkinson,
Secretary.
1916-17-18-19 Dues Uncollected $501.39
1920-1921 Dues not Collected 225.43
1922 Dues still Unpaid 782.09
President Estel : You have heard the report of the Secretary.
Are there any questions you wish to ask him? Before passing on
that report we will have the report of the Auditing Committee. In
order to hasten our meeting along as much as possible the Auditing
Committee was appointed last evening — Mr. Carl E. Hoffman, Chair-
man, J. P. Mullen and M. E. Bacon. Mr. Hoffman will make his
report at this time.
Chairman Carl E. Hoffman :
Des Moines, Iowa, December 12, 1922.
We, the undersigned, duly appointed members of the Auditing Com-
mittee of the Iowa Fair Managers' Association, wish to report that we
have examined the accounts and reports of the Secretary, and have
found the same to be correct as we verily believe.
Signed:
Carl E. Hoffman,
J. P. Mullen,
M. E. Bacon.
President Estel : Before taking up the discussion this morning
there is another matter that it seems should receive the attention of
this organization. In reviewing the constitution and the by-laws
it was found that we hardly have any at all. The constitution is
very inadequate at the present time. It is very uncertain, and the
officers wish to recommend to this body that a committee to revise
the constitution be appointed, and that committee instructed to re-
port at the 1923 annual meeting. I would be glad to have anyone
discuss this matter who cares to.
Mr. M. E. Bacon : I would make a motion that the President of
the Association appoint a committee of three to draft a new consti-
36 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
tution and by-laws, said committee to report back at the next annual
meeting of the Iowa Fair Managers' Association to be held in Decem-
ber, 1923.
President Estel : You have heard the motion which has been
seconded. All in favor of the motion signify by saying aye. Con-
trary no. The motion is carried.
Motions were then made that the Auditor's, Secretary's and Treas-
urer's reports be received and placed on file. Carried.
President Estel : We have requested that the fair secretaries
send in questions for a question box to be discussed this morning.
The Secretary will read the first question.
Secretary Wilkinson : The first question is, "How many fairs
are able to pay the extra cost of the night show proper from the
night receipts of the fair?"
President Estel : Let's see the hands of all those who paid. I
see various members made a profit. How many of those here lost
on their night show ? Let's see your hands. Two.
Mr. Henry: We staged a circus at Indianola with home talent.
We won out on that.
In the circus we had forty girls on horseback riding horses from
around over the county, donated to us. The girls all worked free of
charge. We had to send to Chicago for the costumes at a cost of
$669. Everything else was donated. We took in $2,595 at the eve-
ning show. We had people come from other counties and they
thought it was a great show. For the circus horses we used a pair
of horses off a coal wagon that hauled coal all day and practiced
every night for five weeks. We had high school boys and high school
girls and they did very well.
Mr. Gray: I saw Mr. Henry's show and it certainly was a very
big show, but I was wondering how many counties in the state had
as enthusiastic people who would devote the time to put on a show
of that kind.
Mr. Eaton: Would you ask for a show of the fairs that made
money out of evening shows and those that did not? I would like
to see what proportion of fairs of the state gave no evening shows.
President Estel : Will you please raise your hands ? There are
nine that gave no evening shows.
Mr. Williams : I would like to ask the Secretary how many men
actually keep an account and invoice of expenses so you know from
the time your gates open until your show is over just what your
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 37
night shows costs, a regular invoice so you actually know day after
day. I have asked several secretaries and they can't tell me.
President Estel : The hands of those who know what your night
show costs you. There are fourteen.
Mr. Clark : The Marshall county fair keeps the gate receipts
and ampitheater receipts separate from the day. Commencing at
five o'clock in the afternoon a new rate of admission is made at the
outside gate and the receipts from then on, and also the grandstand
receipts for the evening are kept separate. The past year our free
shows, music and fireworks cost us about $4,550 and our receipts
after five o'clock from the outside gate and the grandstand were
$4,200, so you can see whether we made any money or not, and we
had these shows for the afternoon and the music, too.
Mr. Arnold : There is one thing about our night shows. We al-
ready have these attractions ; the price is absolutely the same whether
we put on a night show or not, and we are pretty near compelled to
have a night show. I don't think the night show with us has been
a great money maker. We put on a picture show besides our gen-
eral attractions, and I will say this, that we didn't get what we ex-
pected.
Mr. Clark: Another feature: it would be worth something on
your concessions. If you did not have a night show your con-
cessions would not get as much as when you do have a night show.
Mr. M. E. Bacon: I would like to ask the question of some of
these fairs that claim the night show didn't play even, if the night
show increased the day attendance. I know one fair in Iowa had
not put on a night show, had the largest crowd in the day time the
first night they put on a night show they ever had, and they at-
tribute that to having the night show. A lot of people staid over to
the night show, of course they didn't get the second admission, but
it drew the people and I think it showed in their receipts.
Mr. Young: I can say the first year the president took hold of
our fair in 1919 we paid off the mortgage on our fair that had been
there for years. When we got clean the next year we put on a night
show and increased the prizes and premiums and I want to say so far
as we are concerned I think the night show has helped us to get
where we are and has been a winner greater than anything else,
because our attendance both day and night has increased every year
and this year was the best one we ever had and we made plenty of
money. We are a little differently organized from any of the other
fairs in the state. In our fair every man can be a stockholder
38 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
that wants to. All he has to do is to buy a family ticket or mem-
bership ticket for $3.50. We go just as far as any fair in the state
of Iowa, big or little, because $3.50 admits a man and all his family
under twenty-one years of age, day and night, and his vehicle. It
has taken some time to get them to understand that proposition. He
can walk out on this ground and say, ''Boys, I own just as much of
this as anybody else, got just as much to say about the management
of this, my vote is as big as anybody else."
We sell fifteen to eighteen hundred of these tickets, and every
fellow in the county is a booster. When you consider the population
of the county, less than 12,500, we believe we have the best county
fair in the state of Iowa because we have less people.
Mr. C. E. Cameron : This is a question I am very much interested
in for I think every county fair in the state needs something of this
kind to help them along with their finances. In putting on a night
show it has been an important question to decide what you are going
to do with the people who pay admission at the outside gate in the
day time and stay on the ground for the evening show. I have no
doubt but that you have all been up against that proposition of how
you were going to handle that matter. I remember when we first
started the night show at Alta — of course that is a baby show up there,
but I think a great deal of it (it is where I got my start) — some of
our board of directors objected to having a canvas up around our
night show. The upshot of the business was we didn't take enough
money in to pay for the night show for the reason that people would
run their automobiles up along the fence. Everybody would take in
the night show and not pay a cent. We finally went to work and
made arrangements with the fireworks people to furnish us a can-
vas to enclose in the whole night show.
I am a great believer in the night show for this reason; this is
the age of automobiles ; young people think nothing of driving
twenty or twenty-five miles to the night show. They can't come in
the day time but they can go at night, and that is where I think more
profit on the county fairs comes in. It does not cost very much. I
heard Mr. Clark say his night show cost $4,500 and took in $4,300
and he said that paid for all his amusements, and Mr. Price from
Waverly says that increased the concessions. I know at our fair
it increased our concessions almost double by that night show. An-
other thing, these young people like to go at night, like to go where
it is all lit up.
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 39
Take the concessions. Our concessions men run to twelve o'clock
at night, do an immense business. I think this is one of the most
important propositions that the county fairs can take up. We all
know fairs are getting more expensive. We know the stock interests
want more money in the stock department. We are increasing pre-
miums in the stock department that do not add anything to the out-
side gate. You don't charge them anything more for entrance as a
rule, but it takes that much more money. I will venture to say
stock premiums for the last five or six years have almost doubled.
Where is this revenue going to come from to pay these extra stock
premiums unless you have something that brings the people in at the
gate to pay this ? I tell you, gentlemen, this night show proposition,
if properly handled, is one of the greatest propositions the county fair
can have.
President Estel : Gentlemen, I think this subject has been quite
thoroughly covered. It seems the overwhelming opinion of those
present is that a night show is very profitable to all fairs. The Sec-
retary will read the next question.
Secretary Wilkinson : The next question is, "Are there any fairs
who make an attempt at collecting for the night show from those
who remain on the grounds after the afternoon performance? If so,
in what manner ?"
Mr. Mullen: I tried it once, that was enough.
Mr. Clark, of Grundy Center: At our fair this year we tried
something new, after a good deal of discussion. We canvassed-in
our night show and charged no admission at the front gate and
charged thirty-five cents for admission to the amphitheatre and also
seated our track, and I will venture to say we had more people on the
grounds at night than we did in the day time, and we filled every
available space that we had to seat people. Our concession people
were much pleased, and there was hardly one of them on the ground
but what wanted to sign up for next year. The night fair had not
been a success for us until this year. While we didn't make any great
amount of money on it after deducting our expenses, lights and
various things, we were only perhaps a little over a hundred dollars
out on the night show, we established the fact a night show could
be made to pay.
President Estel : Is there a fair secretary present that remains
alive who ever collected or is collecting from those on the ground a
second time? The question is sufficiently answered. We will have
the next question.
40 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL, YEAR BOOK— PART II.
Secretary Wilkinson : The next question is, "Should a fair include
a demand that all cattle should have received a sixty or ninety days
retest for tuberculosis, or at least a thirty days test? Will any
violations of this matter in any way influence state aid?"
Mr. Barber: Read the state law, that answers it.
President Estel : I think that answers it fully. The state law
covers that. A ruling made by the Annual Health Commission
requires every one to demand tuberculin test charts from cattle
brought onto fair grounds in Iowa.
A Member : Don't you think, in a way, it would be well to have
the law amended so that it would save trouble?
President Estel: There might be discussion on that.
A Member : Three different times this year I and my board had
trouble over that.
Mr. A. R. Corey : I believe the state law gives the Animal Health
Commission power to make these rules and enforce them the same
as a law. It is my understanding that there is a penalty for any
fair or exhibitor who exhibits stock at any of these fairs without
the test. They must be from an accredited herd or must have been
tested a certain period before the fair. The Animal Health Com-
mission has full authority to enforce this rule without any additional
law. The only thing that will affect your state aid is if you permit
gambling. Whether or not you permit other than accredited herds
to exhibit does not affect your state aid.
Mr. Williams : That question came up before our fair several
times this year and we put it up before the veterinaries in the town
and also went to an attorney and he stated that was merely a rule
and could not be enforced, and it kind of passed the buck over to
us and we were up against it and if we turned the man down on
entering his cattle there would be hard feelings. Now could there be
any way arranged whereby we could all get specific instructions on
that, so we could pass the buck on to somebody else rather than the
local party.
Mr. Bacon : I think you get your rule right from the state veter-
inarian, he will send it to you if you write him for information.
Simply make your state veterinarian responsible and not your fair
if you have any question.
Mr. Young : There is a proposition that comes in on that on the
other side of the question. It is generally supposed in both hogs
and cattle, if I have cattle that are immune and have hogs that are
immune, I am supposed to be perfectly safe, while if the other
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 41
fellow brings stuff there without it he is the man that is liable to get
bumped, and I can't see any good reason for me worrying. We had
the same proposition down there with us this year and we stood
pat for a long time, but we didn't want any mixup or any trouble,
and I want to tell you I don't see any merit to it at all. If I have
got a herd of cattle that are immune and have got a herd of hogs
that are immune and you haven't, I am supposed to be perfectly safe,
and if you are fool enough to bring yours there and take chances
on it that is up to you. I don't see any good grounds for it at all
as far as that is concerned.
Mr. Harvey : We had this same trouble up in our county and we
didn't have any idea as to what the law was, I didn't, and I don't
think any other member of the board did. But, however, we wanted
to find out if it was incumbent upon the fair board to see that this
law is enforced there, if it is, it is our duty to do it; or in other
words whether an outside party other than a member of the board
can file complaint that this man's hogs have not been immune just as
well as a member of the fair board. I want to know exactly the
ruling in that kind of a case. Whether it is incumbent upon mem-
bers of the board to see that it is done or whether it is the privilege
of the gentlemen exhibiting stock there to demand that that be done.
It puts the burden upon the association and angers a good many
of our exhibitors. They say why do you put the cost on me of $25,
$30 or $40, whatever it costs them, when others don't do it. If in-
cumbent on the fair board to do it I say let's do it, if not let's
abandon it.
Mr. Barber: I think you are mistaken if you think the Animal
Health Commission or the veterinarian cannot make a rule and
enforce it and punish you when you don't enforce it. They have the
power to make these rules and the power to make a penalty. I had
it up a year ago with a group of county agents at Mason City, and
I think our county agent will bear me out, that they can make a
rule and can enforce it and can make you enforce it, you are the
one responsible and not the exhibitor. We have good men refuse
to show cattle unless you have your herds tuberculin tested and
have your barns properly disinfected, they wont come at all.
Mr. Moore: I would like to hear from Mr. Corey. He ought
to know what the law is and what the penalty is.
Mr. Corey: I am sorry Dr. Malcolm is not here. The way I under-
stand the law is the Animal Health Commission has authority under
the law to make these rules, but they first must be approved by the Ex-
ecutive Council, and each one of these rules here were approved by the
42 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
Executive Council. I am positive the law gives the commission authority
to make these rules and enforce them and also provides a penalty, but
I cannot tell you just what the penalty is or on whom it falls, whether
on the fair management or the exhibitor. I think if you recall when the
rule came out for the immunizing of hogs. At first it did cause the fairs
trouble, but the exhibitors discovered it was a good thing and in a few
years all of them immunized their hogs before they took them to the
fair. I think the rule on the tuberculin test for cattle is going to work
out the same way. I know at state fairs where they did not require the
tuberculin test for cattle they could not get a creditable exhibit of dairy
cattle. We had that experience at the state fair and we lost a good
many herds because we did not require the tuberculin test for dairy
cattle. We had required the test for beef cattle for two or three years.
Last year we enforced this rule of the animal health commission and
required everything to be tested and our dairy cattle exhibit increased
fifty per cent.
Mr. Moore : I would suggest we ask Mr. Corey to get in touch
with Dr. Malcolm and find out about the penalty and report here
this afternoon.
Mr. Cameron : Let me suggest that we get Dr. Malcolm to come
here himself this afternoon.
President Estel : I will appoint Mr. Corey to have Dr. Malcolm
here if possible this afternoon. Let us have the next question please.
Secretary Wilkinson: "Would it be possible for two or more
fairs having the same date to pool their attractions, thus securing
for each a change of attractions not otherwise possible for any
single fair to contract alone?"
President Estel : I think this has been up before and it seems im-
possible. Is there anyone in the room who has successfully done
this who can tell about it? If no one can I think that answers the
question, that it is rather difficult to accomplish.
Mr. Curtin: We did that one time at Decorah with Independence.
We traded acts back and forth between Independence and Decorah,
it is only sixty miles, but it didn't amount to anything for the work
entailed and we never tried it again. It made a lot of trouble and
the crowd didn't seem to care much for the difference and we let
it go at that.
President Estel : What is the next question ?
Secretary Wilkinson: "Don't you think it would pay the Iowa
fairs not located near cities to cut out the night fair?"
(A chorus of "Nos").
Secretary Wilkinson : "Can the Iowa Fair Managers Association
arrange for a uniform scale of premiums in various departments;
also uniform admission charges to fairs?"
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 43
President Estel : Is there anyone who cares to discuss that matter ?
Mr. Moore : The most important work the International Associa-
tion of Fairs and Expositions has done or tried to do in the last
two years is to provide a uniform classification for cattle, horses,
hogs and sheep, and a maximum and minimum amount of premiums
to be offered and the way it should be divided into the different
moneys and send it out and then let each fair take advantage of
that classification and money offers and adopt it to their own condi-
tions. We are working on that now and expect during the coming
year to have a meeting with all breed associations of horses, cattle,
sheep and hogs and adopt a uniform classification, and also maximum
and minimum money offered divided equitably between first, second,
third and fourth, and as far as you want to go. We are going to
try to do that and have got the cattle proposition pretty well in hand
at this time.
President Estel : Is there anyone who has anything to offer on the
uniform admission? Let's see. the hands of those in this room
who charge a half dollar admission during the day. Let's see the
hands of all those who charge twenty-five cents for children under
fourteen years of age. Let's see the hands of those who charge
thirty-five cents after five o'clock, general gate admission. Six.
Let's see those who charge twenty-five cents general admission at the
gate after five o'clock in the afternoon. Pretty near unanimous.
Let's see the hands of those who charge fifty cents admission or
more to a general seat in the grand stand in the afternoon. Nine.
That covers the subject thoroughly, so there is no need of asking any
more. Does anyone else care to say anything in regard to this
subject? The next question.
Secretary Wilkinson : "What is the best method of dealing with
persons who wish to leave the fairgrounds and return the same day
while the fair is in session?"
Mr. Bacon : I think most of the fairs do not give pass-outs,
I know we don't at Davenport, but Spencer, Iowa, Mr. Emery's fair,
I think they have one of the best systems in the way of handling
pass outs. They have an ordinary stamp that the gatekeeper has,
with the name of the fair and the date, all in a circle, and if any-
one desires to go out they are stamped on the wrist and they must
come back and show the stamp, if they can't they have got to pay
their way in.
Mr. Gildner: We tried the system of putting the name and date
with a rubber stamp on the wrist and it gave good satisfaction.
44 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
Mr. Clark: We figured out a pass-out check we used last year
very successfully. This one reads as follows : "Tuesday, Sept. 12,
1922." We use a different colored return check out every day.
"This return pass issued to." If Mr. Curtin comes up there and
wants to go out we have him sign his name there, and he takes it.
"And will be honored at the pass gate only. Signed in the presence
of the gatekeeper." When Mr. Curtin comes back he signs his name
on the second line and goes in; otherwise he stays out. If the
signature shows any attempt at a forgery that means he has got
to pay his way in. We had this plan in operation this last fall and
it worked very nicely. Even the concession men highly approved it.
Mr. Price: Did that include the night show too?
Mr. Clark: We didn't give out any after five o'clock in the
afternoon but did give a man and woman a chance to go home at
five o'clock if they wanted to, any time before that, and come back
at the evening show instead of staying there.
Secretary Wilkinson : The next question is, "I would like to know
if any other secretary has held such position longer than fifteen
years ?"
President Estel: How many of this audience have been fair
secretaries more than fifteen years? Three. I think it would be
perfectly fitting that the three gentlemen who have held such office
more than fifteen years to have their pictures taken and do a little
advertising for the Fair Secretaries Association in Iowa. Next
question.
Secretary Wilkinson : "How many fairs receive the amount of
$1,000 county aid? How many receive a less amount? How many
fairs receive no county aid? How many fairs have been refused
county aid by the Board of Supervisors ?"
President Estel: First, how many in Iowa received $1,000 from
the county in which their fair is located ? Let's see the hands. For
either the past year or present year?
Mr. Harvey : In Crawford county we received a thousand dollars
two years ago. Last year we received $700.
Mr. Moore : On page 24 of Mr. Corey's report you have it shows
every county fair that has received county aid.
President Estel: We will now adjourn until this afternoon.
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 45
TWO O'CLOCK P. M., TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1922.
President Estel : Mr. Corey has arranged for Dr. Peter Malcolm,
our State Veterinarian, to speak to us a few moments in regard to
the tuberculin test requirements and cholera immune requirements
for fairs.
Dr. Malcolm: Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen — There seems to be some
misunderstanding or some complaint about the tuberculin testing of
cattle for exhibition purposes. Two years ago we put this in force with
the idea of protecting the exhibitor against tuberculosis, because we
found cattle that were exhibited at fairs that did not have tuberculosis
and when brought back home and put into accredited herds a great
many reacted. Therefore it stood my department in hand to see if we
could not formulate some protection to the exhibitor. This we did. We
made it with the state fair and with the county fairs, for the simple
reason that if it was a good thing for the state fair it was certainly
a good thing for the county fairs, because the county fairs help make up
the state fair and vice versa.
Now the question arises as to whether this can be put into effect and
if there is any protection to you secretaries in enforcing this. You
can enforce this rule. We enforce it at the state fair and have no
trouble. To illustrate, the first year we put it in operation at the state
fair just three animals came there without a certificate. Two of them
were baby beef, and a nurse cow. So we tested these three animals and
they passed the tuberculin test and we let them remain on the ground.
Last year there wasn't an animal exhibited at the state fair but had
its health certificate with it, and only one offered to exhibit without one.
So we built up our state fair and I believe it will build up your county
fairs, because the exhibitor and breeder is wide-awake to the fact that
the mere fact of having tuberculosis in his herd is detrimental to him,
and we must give him that protection.
Now as to the penalty. This rule was adopted by the Commission of
Animal Health, approved by the Executive Council of the State of Iowa,
consequently it becomes a law of the State of Iowa. In Section 19,
Chapter 287, Acts of the 38th General Assembly, or in the Compiled
Code Section 175, reads as follows: "Penalty. Any person or persons
violating any of the provisions of this act or any of the rules and reg-
ulations adopted under the authority of this act, except as otherwise
stated, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a
fine of not less than $100 or not more than $500 or by imprisonment in
the county jail for not less than thirty days, nor more than six months."
Now you naturally say, "who is this penalty to be attached to?" Every
party interested in it, the exhibitor as well as the secretary. Any of
these parties who violate this is responsible for the penalty, it makes no
difference whether it be the exhibitor or the secretary, or board of di-
rectors.
Now the method by which you can handle it is very easy. When a
man makes an entry for exhibition see that he follows that with a
46 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
health certificate, and then if your exhibitor should exhibit animals there
that were not on this test then he is liable.
The wording of the ruling is that all animals exhibited at any of
the fairs shall have a health certificate. The ruling on the hogs is
that each one must be immuned. The ruling on your tuberculosis is
very plain and was amended last year. The first rule put into effect you
know about the accredited herd system of the State of Iowa, but up to
last year we didn't have very many fully accredited herds. We had
up to the first of July 779 herds and at the present time over 1100 herds
fully, accredited. That rule was amended last year to take care of herds
that had passed a clean test, so that any herd that has passed a clean
test has a right now under this ruling to exhibit at any fair for one
year. That ruling is applied to accredited herds. In testing out a herd
of cattle if you gentlemen have one that has passed a clean test you
are not due for another test until one year from date. Therefore it
would be a hardship to make this man who has had a clean test record,
to require a ninety day retest before exhibiting at the fair, so we
amended the rule and it now requires all cattle presented for exhibition
or other purposes at the Iowa State fair or any fair or exhibition in the
state of Iowa shall be from a tuberculosis free accredited herd or from
a herd which has passed one clean test within one year under the plan
for the accrediting of herds; and show cattle other than those above
specified shall have passed a satisfactory tuberculin test and found to
be free from tuberculosis not more than ninety days prior to the date
of the exhibition at such fair. That is the rule as it stands now on the
cattle.
The rule on hogs is all swine exhibited at state, county or other fairs
or exhibitions in the State of Iowa must be accompanied by a certificate
showing that they have been immunized with anti-cholera serum and
virus not less than thirty days; when serum alone is used mot more
than fifteen days prior to the date of said fair or exhibition. These
rules and regulations have all been submitted to the Executive Council
and approved by them and they have become law.
A Member : What are the rules as regards disinfecting buildings
and grounds ?
Dr. Malcolm : We have a rule there that includes your county as
well as the state, that they should be thoroughly disinfected.
A Member: I would like to ask the doctor in case in a county
where there is no cholera would you consider it a hardship to compel
them to use the double treatment on a herd of hogs if they are going
to exhibit
Dr. Malcolm : You have reference to hogs on exhibit. You will
notice in that rule we do not require you to immunize hogs and use
virus. We allow you to use serum for your own protection, not
for the protection of anybody else, because we are fearful that when
you get into a show, some individual or hog may have carried the
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 47
germ of hog cholera into that ground, and if the hog had taken
serum you have it protected against that organism.
A Member : The tuberculin and cholera rules should be printed
right in the premium list.
President Estel : I would suggest that it might possibly be a good
plan to print these rules and regulations in every premium list. Do
you want to take any action in regard to that?
A Member : I so move.
President Estel : It has been moved that it be the sense of this
meeting that every premium list issued by a fair in Iowa print the
rules and regulations as prepared by the Animal Health Commission.
Is there a second to the motion?
Several members seconded the motion and it was carried.
The next subject that will be discussed is "Concessions and How
to Handle Them." This discussion will be led by Mr. L. W. Emery,
of Spencer.
Mr. Emery : I had a paper on this but since I came down here I
found a man who had a much better paper and was much more
competent to handle it, and I am going to turn this matter over to
Mr. M. E. Bacon for discussion.
Mr. Bacon: Under this head there are the "straight, legitimate con-
cession" and the "grafting concession."
Definition of the word "Concession" is as follows: 1st, act of con-
ceding or yielding; admission. 2d, a thing yielded; acknowledgment;
admission, grant.
According to the State Laws of the State of Iowa, all concessions must
conform to the art of skill and science.
Definition of the word "skill": Understanding, judgment, argument,
proof, also reason, motive. 2d, Knowledge of, and expertness in, execu-
tion of performance, practical ability in art, science, etc., expertness,
aptitude.
Definition of the word "science": Knowledge as of principles or facts.
2d, Accumulated and accepted knowledge systematized and formulated
with reference to the discovery of general truths or the operation of gen-
eral laws; classified knowledge. 3d, Such knowledge relating to the
physical world; called also natural science. 4th, Any branch or depart-
ment of systematized knowledge. Science, art. Science is systematized
knowledge considered in reference to the discovery or understanding of
truth; art is knowledge as applied and made efficient by skill. If then,
a body of laws and principles as of rhetoric, is exhibited in an ordered
and inter-related system they appear in the character of a science. If
they are supplied in actual use as to the construction of discourse they
become or furnish the working rules, of an art. For example, any
game which takes the art of throwing, shooting or working out puzzle
with hands or mind come under the head of art, skill, and science.
48 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL, YEAR BOOK— PART II.
The following concessions come under this head: Shooting Galleries,
Baby Doll .Racks, Cane Racks, Knife Racks, Huckle-de-buck. The Keg
Game, Swinging Ball, Spot the Spot, and Large Cat Game, but in
every instance the above games can be made crooked so that the most
skilled could not win on the same. For instance, in • the cat rack and
knife rack, when the concessionaire gives a demonstration of throwing
the wooden rings over the cane or knife, whichever the case might be,
he uses a large open ring, and the same can be changed to a small ring
with which the player could not possibly ring the cane or knife in ques-
tion. In the case of the ordinary old style baby doll rack, concessionaire
may lock the rack so that it would be impossible for the player to knock
any of the cats over. The swinging ball on which they use a large
or small bowling ball and a large ten pin, is one of the worst games
which has ever been permitted, and the player has no chance of winning.
In giving a demonstration of the Swinging Ball the concessionaire in
order to show how the ten pin can be knocked over with the swinging
ball places the ten pin either to the right or left of the center and knocks
the ten pin over every time. When the player attempts to play the game
the concessionaire places the ten pin in the center and the ten pin can-
not be knocked over.
In the case of the game, for example, Huckle-de-buck in which the
balls must be thrown in a keg or pail, it is very easy for the conces-
sionaire in demonstrating to use a small ball which would not have
any interference in alighting in the keg or pail, b'ut he also, if he so
desires, can switch the balls, giving the player a larger ball than he
used when making the demonstration. The large cat is used as a ball
game, in which the player is given three or four balls to throw. The
cat can be fixed in a lock so that no matter how hard the player hits
the cat it could not be knocked over. The game of Spot the Spot using
a number of tin circles, is absolutely a "skin-game" and the player Gas
no chance of accomplishing the feat of completely covering the spot
with the tin circles, which were furnished him by the concessionaire.
Another game that is absolutely a crooked one is a "roll-down" or r'add-
a-ball." In many instances the player is really the winner, but the con-
cessionaire outcounts the winner in adding up the numbers. The same
thing happens when they use the Arrow Dot, shooting the arrow at a
board background containing a number of numbers and adding up the
same, the concessionaire, if he wants to be crooked, can outcount the
player.
A good many states permit the operation of wheels, such as the doll
wheel, candy wheel, blanket wheel, etc. In my opinion, a wheel termed
a "merchandise wheel" is one that should be permitted to operate at
fairs. By a "merchandise wheel" I mean a straight up and down wheel
on which a number of paddles are sold to the players, each paddle con-
taining at least five numbers and before the wheel is turned the con-
cessionaire must sell all his paddles. When the wheel is turned some-
one of the players is bound to win the prize. I am against what they
call an "intermediate prize." For example, a wheel operating on which
there is a large doll in which small and large dolls are given as prizes,
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 49
and if the wheel stops on the star then the player wins the large doll;
if not, the player wins the small doll. This should not be permitted,
and the concessionaire should operate with only one big prize. I have
known where blanket wheels have been operated on which there were
125 numbers on the wheel, 25 paddles were sold, each containing five
numbers and before the wheel was turned, all paddles were sold and
some holder of one of the paddles would win the blanket.
A good many fairs have not strictly lived up to the law and sold their
concessions under the law which must confirm to the art of skill and
science. I do not mean any individual or set of fairs, or I do not mean
by this statement fairs in Iowa alone. The past season I attended fairs
in Nebraska, Illinois, Oklahoma, and Texas, and had the opportunity of
observing what is going on.
Something must be done so that the fairs can sell their space for
the fair. For example at Davenport where I am secretary, I have tried
to live up to the law of Iowa and sold my concession space according
to the law, and have stated in all correspondence to all concessionaires
that their concession must conform to the art of skill and science. I
must admit that I sold some space for swinging balls that after the first
day found out that the player had no chance of winning, absolutely
closed the same and would not permit their operating thereafter.
I think that fairs have been a little lax in letting some kinds of con-
cessionaires operate. Some fairs did not live strictly up to the law of
skill and science and sold their space and received the income from
the same and as far as I can observe, got by just as well as those who
tried to keep within the law.
Another thing that I think should not be permitted at fairs, at 49
camps — a type of dancing show. You might ask the question: "What is
meant by a 49 camp?" In answer to this, I would say that it is an outfit
in which the traveling women dance with the town's people on a port-
able floor, charging a fee from the town's men for the dance.
A marble roll-down is what is termed as a gambling device. It is
started by a person who has had the operation of same that a person
playing only has one chance in 200 of winning the main prize. There
are many straight concessions that may be "gaffed."
A tip-up is a board with cleats on each side and ends, the flat sur-
face is full of jigs or nails. At the bottom of the board between each
nail are numbers either from one to eight or six or eight. Marbles are
rolled down from the top and the score denotes a prize. Red, a big
one, black small. They are hardly ever counted up right by the operator
except for the "capper." Besides the red numbers are very hard to get.
It is called a "skin .game" or "thieving store" by many and not allowed
to run in many places.
Most of the Huckle-de-buck joints have a loose bottom which when
loose, balls will stay in, and when tight will bound out. It is a very
ingenious thing and is under the control of the operator all the time.
It is comparatively a new game and has fooled thousands of people and
made thousands of dollars and given the people nearly nothing. It is
4
50 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL, YEAR BOOK— PART II.
not a "chance game" for you have no chance to get anything unless they
let you. Some of the dolls they carry are at least two years old.
A set spindle sometimes called a "camel hack" is under the control
of the operator all the time and is a very cunning device used to fool
both young and old. When you lose a dollar or more they lay down
as much more, sometimes double; they tell you when you get the right
number you get your own money back and twice as much. When you
drop out they let a "capper" win the pot. There are many other games
as bad as this one but time forbids me going into them. The old fashioned
paddle wheel was a game of chance but was run on the level. Why
more papers do not expose the methods of these games that rob the
boys is past understanding. I repeat that the merchandise wheels can
be saved at this eleventh hour, but the legitimate wheel operators and
the concessioner will have to hurry and try to assist in the clean up of
the crooked concession.
If it takes a game of chance to make a gambling device, well, there
are -many of them operated in such a manner that the player has no
earthly chance so I fail to see how the operator of such a device could
be fined for running a game of chance. While many fair officials are op-
posed personally to concessions, they should not lose sight of the fact
that many thousands of people come to their fair from year to year to
be entertained and it does not seem exactly right that they should be
denied that which they enjoy and ar,e only offered the chance of seeing
once a year. Two-thirds of the people who attend state and county fairs
are persons who live in the rural district. The fair should not eliminate
the legitimate concession.
A gentleman was fined at Little Rock, Arkansas, charged with operat-
ing a gambling device. Was fined $25.00 and costs and his gambling
device was ordered destroyed by the judge. The guilty concessionaire
said that a person had one chance in two hundred in winning a main
prize. A grifter is a robber in disguise, there are no two ways about it.
Grift is not a habit, it is a curable disease; be your own doctor.
There are many usually straight concessions that, can be gaffed. The
old time "Huckle-de-buck is merely skill on the part of the player to
put the balls into the kegs. At the same time all bucket games may be
gaffed joints.
Fair merchandise wheels do not come under the panning as to grift. A
reasonable way to sum that up is, even though every player who Spends
a dime does not win from 50c to $1.00's worth each turn, one of them
does, if the paddles are all out, and as for the others about 95 per cent
of them would say that he had his dime's worth of excitement, and real
enjoyment in the competition. How about betting on the big baseball
games, racing, politics, etc.?
The clean-up campaign regarding concessions is against the "no chance
games," and there are many of them at which the player has absolutely
no chance whatever. Merchandise concessions, at which the merchandise
is actually put out and without buy-backs, (which, in reality, makes them
percentage joints) are not grift joints, as each player has his dime's
worth of fun, and he with his home town friends (no "cappers") gain
the coveted prizes for which each gladly takes a chance.
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 51
I suggest that Church Fairs, Bazaars, Block Dances, Home-coming
Expositions, etc., be included so as to make it a general clean up, for
there is much rottenness in closed cities allowed by the Powers that Be.
It is always possible to tell by the newness of the merchandise behind
a store if the "joint" is legitimate or otherwise. If the stock is shop-
worn it's a cinch it's a strong line-up store. If it is clean and bright and
there is plenty of it on display it is certain (almost) that the store is
legitimate and the operator is giving the public a run for its money.
Sure you know the difference between a percentage and so-called flat
joint. As information when a few packages of cigarets, a few dolls or
a very limited amount of other merchandise is on display, but the games
are run always completely "buy-back" they are camouflaged percentage
in principle.
Recently a farm journal claiming to be of the highest class and en-
joying a wide circulation published certain articles written by a self
confessed ex-faker which had its effect on some readers of this journal
leading them to believe that a large percentage of fairs consist chiefly
of an array of fakers presided over by arch fakers. In fact, a picture
presented in one of these articles showed an exhibit building empty
while space devoted to fakes and fakers was completely occupied. Of
course, much of the so-called information presented in these articles
does not apply to 90 per cent of fairs today.
The effect of these articles on many fair men, however, has been to
lead us to wonder whether some of the people who do not attend fairs
credit fairs with being a conglomeration of fakes or really worthwhile
educational institutions.
The millions of people who each year attend fairs know what fairs
really are but how about those who have never attended a fair and who
may be patrons at a fair next year? The reaction of this series of
articles on me has been that the Iowa Fair Managers' Association of
which all the fairs of Iowa are members and all organizations of fairs
perhaps should maintain a bureau to watch over misleading, unjust
criticism of fairs or statement concerning fairs which, by inference are
harmful, at the same time accepting in the right spirit just criticism.
There are people not familiar with fair work who do not fully compre-
hend either what fairs are trying to accomplish or what their clientage is.
Fairs have been the pioneers in demanding clean shows and conces-
sions. During recent years some municipalities have been offended in
street fairs but they, too, are cleaning up, until the day of the faker is
becoming a thing of the past.
Now, I started out to say that it is about time that we fair fellows
took decided steps against misleading statements concerning our fairs.
Fairs have been "kicked about" long enough.
The up-to-date fair returns more for the money invested to get into
and in admission fees charged after the outer gates are passed than any
other gathering appealing to public patronage. People are as safe on
ninety per cent of the fair grounds in America as they are at their own
homes, physically and morally. Where in so short a time could one
learn so much of a particular community, county, district or state as
52 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
at fairs of this section. The modern fair next to the common schools
is America's greatest educational agency because they are public service
projects. They are ready targets for the how shooting poisoned arrows.
Most agricultural journals have, from time to time, called attention
to the excellent educational work of the fairs. Let's have more of this.
Fair men have been after fakers for years. Does it help us to get them
to "boot us" and thereby mislead the public as we still pursue the faker?
There are over 3,000 fairs and expositions and allied shows in America
managed and conducted by perhaps 100,000 men and women and at-
tended by fifty million people each year who find them more than worth
while. Looks like we are strong enough to sit up and take notice when
unjustly attacked. What are we going to do about it?
Yes, fellow fair secretaries, concessions are attractions and if the
proper kind are furnished there is no end of welcome entertainment.
In the common use of the terms there is a vast difference in "graft"
and "grift." There is a certain amount of graft in almost every branch
of business. "Grift" is common robbery.
Fair secretaries deserve praise for their progressive efforts and es-
pecially toward having favor-gaining attractions including concessions
from which the fairs gain a good revenue. Bat when they or their
concession managers discriminate against fair deal concessions there is
less cause for praise. If any person is too busy to be courteous and just,
he badly needs a well-informed assistant or substitute.
For a square deal, even chance of deciding which one of several in-
dividuals should be the fortunate one in drawing a prize there doubtless
is no better way than to give several revolutions di an evenly balanced
wheel providing it turns after the starting and stops at its own momen-
tum, otherwise, of course, the wheel and the transaction are crooked.
They don't care about investigating persons who have this year espe-
cially ignorantly made such a cry about wheels and those who would not
allow straight merchandise wheels to operate only to sanction (unless
the operator wishes it) as swinging balls, gimicked tip-ups, gaffed
buckets, some of the roll downs, most picouts, etc. Numerous cases of
this nature have been reported this fall and maby of them on fair
grounds. Just a little study of the "joints" would give the concessioner
the information he needs if he really wants to come clean himself.
On a great many fair grounds you might see a spindle and also a swing-
ing ball. Personally, I consider a swinging ball game in the same class
as the shells and the general public looks on a spindle in the same light.
In order to clean up I would suggest that the church fairs, bazaars,
block dances, home-comings, expositions, etc., be included so as to make
it a general clean up for there is much rottenness in closed cities al-
lowed by the "powers that be." Merchandise wheels work in the states
of Pennsylvania, Virginia, West "Virginia and Illinois and up in all
other states where officials exercise common sense it is predicted that
more states will permit them during 1922. Yes, the tide has turned.
Graft must go.
All the ball games are not what they appear to be in print. In a
game in which the player actually throws baseball at objects, 90 per
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE PAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 53
cent of the results are governed by his straight throwing ability, but
when little balls are tossed into the mouth of a prop clown head, a
swinging ball, etc., with several sticks (cappers) lined up in front to
put confidence in the unwary, into being termed the baseball game, is
not what it seems.
Using the following as an example, because a horse kicks over the
traces does not necessarily mean that he is a bad horse. ,He probably
has horse sense, and because some fair secretary permits wheel and other
games of chance to operate does not necessarily mean he is a bad sec-
retary. He probably used very good horse sense.
Mr. Young : One game that was out last year that was a new one
to us, I would like to know about, there was some question about it,
that is this Bingo or Corn Game. They did a flourishing business.
If the fair secretaries could compel them to get permission from the
Attorney General's office it would protect us.
President Estel : The subject of concessions is one in which we
are all interested. It is a subject I know we could talk on all
afternoon. We have quite a program, and Mr. Bacon who has
given a very good paper on this subject, has suggested that some kind
of a committee be composed of the fair secretaries to investigate
this matter and to make recommendations. We, I don't believe,
as a body here, will ever get very far in saying just what should be
done and what should not be done. The Attorney General of Iowa
is not here. As far as I know there has been some question as to
what is a game of skill and science and so it would seem to me
proper to have some committee composed from this organization
to look into this matter and confer with the Attorney General and
then authorize that committee to send out their information to the
fair secretaries of Iowa.
Mr. Bartle: I move that the president and secretary and three
others of the association act as such a committee.
President Estel: It has been moved and seconded that a com-
mittee of five be instructed to investigate this matter and confer with
the Attorney General and send their information to the fair secre-
taries of the state. Are there any remarks? All in favor of the
motion signify by saying aye. Contrary no. It is carried.
The next subject is "Problems in conducting harness races" by
Mr. E. J. Curtin of Decorah.
Mr. Curtin: You nearly all will agree that we have to have harness
horse racing as part of our attractions at the fair. While our fairs
are strictly educational, however, in the state of Iowa, at the same time
it has been demonstrated by experience that we can't depend on the
educational part entirely in order to get very many people to come to
54 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
our fairs. So we have adopted the scheme in Iowa in most of the fairs
to give them amusements enough to bring them in, so that when they
get a little tired and want a place to sit down and rest after seeing
the educational exhibit we entertain them with our different amusements.
As fair men I think we will have to consider harness horse racing as
an amusement for our patrons. There are about ninety-two fairs in
the state I believe and I think about eighty out of the ninety-two give
harness races.
You must be very careful in putting on a harness race program that
you don't overdo it. If you are a harness horse enthusiast you are a
little apt to make that the main part of your program. If you are not
a harness horse enthusiast and don't believe in such things you are
very apt to give such a minor place on your program to it that it don't
get you anywhere. About the otfly thing you must guard against is to
see that you get a happy medium as between harness racing and other
amusements for your fair.
The way to get a good harness race program is in the first place to
have somebody in charge of that part of your program that knows the
business. The average fair secretary, and I don't say it with any sense
of disparagement, knows practically nothing about harness horse racing.
You will appreciate undoubtedly that there are few men who are
just the right men. You should arrange for somebody to take that end
of it off your shoulders if you are not competent to do it yourself. If
you are, you will start in and decide first how much you want to give
and about what purses and classes will be suitable for the horses you
expect are in your immediate vicinity or will be at the time of your
races. It is much preferable for three or four fairs to combine in a
circuit as it makes advertising cheaper and they are apt to get more
horses by reason of having four or five weeks of races continuously
without making long, hard shifts. The next thing is to acquaint the
people that have horses with the fact that you are going to give a meet
and when you are going to. give it and what the classes are. The old
way of doing that used to be to order a lot of entry blanks printed and
then go and get a list of horsemen's addresses and mail out all these
entry blanks all over the country to them. That is now obsolete. There
are turf papers published that the horsemen take. About six or eight
weeks before your meet make out a program and send to the horse
papers and run it continuously for six or eight weeks. The average
fair is not before the second week in August and it is not after the
second week in September; they all come in about four weeks. Fairs
that come the 15th of August really should start advertising the middle
of June or possibly the first of June in the horse papers.
You don't need a big whole page of the papers but get enough to let
the horsemen know you are going to have a meet at your town at the
county fair and you would like to have them there. You can dispense
with sending out any blanks by mail. Of course, you want some entry
blanks, but the average man who wants to enter, he knows how to enter,
he knows from the newspaper, and will write a letter with the entry in.
Then be sure to give the publication six or eight weeks in advance what
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 55
your entries and classes are so the horseman if he starts out in the
spring before he starts sort of likes to know where he is going to race
that summer and fall. He gets that from the newspaper. Your entry
blank may never reach him. If he can fix a circuit for himself before
he leaves home he is more likely to be with you. He is down with you
and he has his route.
When he comes over to your place you should have a man in charge
that has an acquaintance with these people more or less, the more the
better. The average county fair secretary is so engrossed with other
things that he does not know just what little attentions or whatever you
may call it, they appreciate. When they come in at night they like to
have the stalls in order for them; don't like to have to clean a lot of
rubbish out of the stalls to get the horses in. They like to come in and
find the roof repaired before the fair is opened and like to have an op-
portunity to buy hay, straw and feed on the ground, they like to have
you arrange for that for them. They don't like to have you sell off the
privilege so they can be "gipped" on it in-order to let the feed man
get his money back. It should be sold to them at cost because they are
part of the show.
Then you have to take an interest in the races. How can you do that?
You hear people say the races are made up in the barn, they are not
good fun any more. The secretary that says that exposes his ignorance;
he doesn't know his business. They are not made up in the barn unless
you ignore the horse races and allow them to do it. I have given races
I suppose for twenty-five years and in all my experience in my town I
don't believe there has been one race made up in the barn; if there has
been it has not been able to be pulled off according to schedule because
we have stopped it. That is because there has always been an expert
there who knows what is going on. If you haven't a man that knows
what is going on you are liable to have some trouble.
It is a harder plan to make up what you call specials. You say you
have to do it. I don't believe you have to do it if you advertise long
enough ahead and make your circuit so compact that the horsemen will
travel from one town to another. You don't have to give a whole lot
of money. They want to get what is termed added money. You can't
give races in Iowa unless you do give added money. They want to be
paid the same as you pay your vaudeville or anybody else, and you
are doing that when you give added money. I think if you do this
your troubles will be entirely eliminated. Get a man who knows how,
turn it over to him, then make them perform their part of the con-
tract through him.
But don't make it one sided, thinking the horse races are the whole
fair, because they are only a part of the fair, but they are an outstand-
ing feature as an amusement.
President Estel : I understand Mr. Smollinger, Secretary of the
American Trotting Association, is here today, and we would be very
pleased to hear a few words from Mr. Smollinger.
Mr. W. H. Smollinger: It is not necessary for me to tell you how
popular harness racing is when it is properly conducted, nor is it neces-
56 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
sary for me to tell you there are more harness races conducted on the
fair grounds of the United States than there are at what is known
as race meetings.
The harness horse and the fairs have grown up together. Originally,
a great many years ago, perhaps farther back than many of us can
remember, the fairs had no harness racing. A number of manufacturers
of agricultural machinery were very anxious to get their products before
the farmers at the fairs and especially what were then known as state
fairs, but were very different from what they are today, so they bought
harness horses and put on the races in order to attract the people to the
fair grounds so they could show them their machinery, and from this
beginning the harness horse and the fair have become inseparable.
Harness racing is the one contest on your fair grounds where everybody
can see who is the winner. In the judging of live stock and all other
matters only those who are thoroughly initiated into that part of the
fair can point out the reason why one animal has won over another.
The amount of money that you can afford to give for harness racing
depends to a certain extent upon the money that harness racing can
put in your treasury. Harness racing must be your principal attraction
because you have spent your money in building a track and building an
amphitheater from which you expect to derive a revenue. Those who
give night shows now have the added revenue from the night show, but
originally the amphitheater was built and the money expended to give
harness races. The way you can overcrowd your amphitheater and make
inroads on your treasury by having to build a larger one is to give harness
races that are real races.
In the state of Iowa today most of the purses are for added money,
which is a very good thing. There are some things about this added
money proposition that sometimes work a hardship on the fair asso-
ciation. All the entrance fees that are supposed to be received by the
secretary are supposed to be added to the purse. It so happens that
secretaries do take entries that are not accompanied by the entrance fee,
and possibly these horses do not start and consequently the secretary
has a hard time to explain to his board of directors how it comes he
paid out more than the amount of the purse itself and the amount re-
ceived. To obviate this I would suggest you place this on your entry
blanks and in your advertisements, that all entry and starting fees re-
ceived be added to the purse. This gives you a little leeway.
You should do everything you can to encourage men to come to your
tracft and races. You should give them clean stalls and show them every
courtesy. On the other hand you should conduct your races absolutely
and strictly in accordance with the rules. Don't let any man come in
on your ground and because his race is scheduled for the last day get
you to change the program and put the race on the first day so he
can get through with his work and loaf the rest of the week. It is very
easy for a good talker to get the secretary to do this. Don't do this.
It makes endless trouble and is not a square deal for every other man
on the ground and in the race. Stick to your program as far as pos-
sible. Whenever you deviate from the rules, if you are trying to be
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 57
a good fellow, you are simply inviting trouble. The men that own
harness horses are made up of the same kind of people that make up
your bankers, your merchants and all your professional men. There
are many men among them, as there are in all other classes of life,
good sportsmen and some that are not good sportsmen. Don't confuse
a real sportsman with a sport. A good sportsman is one who is a good
loser, one who can see both sides, and there are not all men constituted
so they can be good sportsmen. So whenever you deviate from the rules
even to please these men you will get into trouble.
Of all things you do, don't suppress time. This talk that you can't
get horses unless you suppress time is foolish. The horsemen need
the fairs as much as the fairs need the horsemen. What we are in-
terested in is having contests, not one horse leading the field and get-
ting the money with the rest of them nowhere. If you are going to
have good races you must give the actual time so that the horses will
be properly classified. Don't listen to the man who tells you if his horse
gets a certain record his value is injured. That is not true. Give them
what they get, treat ^them courteously and require them to put on a good
clean race.
President Estel : The Credential Committee will report at this
time.
REPORT OF THE CREDENTIAL COMMITTEE
The following fairs have paid their dues and are entitled to vote:
Adair County Fair Grundy County Fair
Adams County Fair Guthrie County Fair
Audubon County Fair Hamilton County Fair
Allamakee County Fair Four County Agricultural Fair
Dairy Cattle Congress Harding County Fair
Boone County Fair Henry County Fair
Bremer County Fair Winfield Fair
Aurora Agricultural Fair Ida County Fair
Buchanan County Fair Jackson County Fair
Buena Vista County Fair Jasper County Fair
Butler County Fair Jefferson County Fair
Calhoun County Fair Anamosa District Fair
Rockwell City Fair What Cheer Fair and Exposition
Four Counties District Fair Jones County Fair
Cass County Fair Kossuth County Fair
Cedar County Fair Wapsie Valley Fair
North Iowa Fair Marion Inter-State Fair
Big Four Fair Columbus Junction District Fair
Clay County Fair Derby District Fair
Strawberry Point District Fair Southern Iowa Fair
De Witt Fair Marion County Fair
Crawford County Fair Marshall County Fair
Community Fair and Stock Show Mills County .Fair
Tri-County Fair Mitchell County Fair
Delaware County Fair Monona County Fair
Burlington Tri-State Fair Monroe County Fair
Davis County Fair West Liberty Fair
Dubuque County Fair Sheldon Fair
Fayette County Fair Clarinda Fair
Greene County Fair Shenandoah Fair
58
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
REPORT OF THE CREDENTIAL COMMITTEE— Continued
Pottawattamie County Fair
Brooklyn Agriculture Fair
Sac County Fair
Mississippi Valley Fair
Shelby County Fair
Central Iowa Fair
Tama County Fair
Taylor County Fair
Van Buren County Fair
Wapello County Fair
Warren County Fair
Wayne County Fair
Hawkeye Fair and Exposition
Winnebago County Fair
Winneshiek County Fair
Inter-State Fair
North County Fair
Pocahontas County Fair
Tri-County Fair
Carroll County Fair
Humboldt County Fair
Soo County Fair
Lyon County Fair
Credential Committee,
J. C. BECKNER,
F. B. SELBY,
CHAS. H. BARBER.
President Estel : The next is the election of officers. The first in
order will be nominations for president for the ensuing year.
Mr. Bentley: I would like to place in nomination Mr. L. W.
Emery, present vice-president.
Mr. J. C. Bicknel : I second the nomination.
Member : I would like to place in nomination the name of our
present president, E. S. Estel from Waterloo.
Member: I second the nomination.
(Here the president called Mr. Moore to the chair.)
Chairman Moore: Are there any more nominations? If there
are no objections I will declare nominations closed. I will appoint
Pat Bacon, Mose Stanbery and Bill Smith as tellers. The secretary
will call the roll.
(Roll call was had and ballot taken and the tellers retired to count
the ballot. President Estel resumed the chair.)
President Estel : The next thing in order will be nominations for
secretary for the ensuing year.
Mr. Mullen : I nominate Mr. Wilkinson to succeed himself.
The nomination was seconded.
Mr. Moore : I move that nominations be closed, and the president
be instructed to cast the unanimous ballot of the association for Mr.
Wilkinson as secretary.
The motion was seconded and carried and the ballot cast for
Mr. Wilkinson.
President Estel : The next is nominations for Treasurer.
Mr. Clark : I take pleasure in nominating Mr. Rowland to serve
for another year as treasurer.
Mr. Canby : I second the motion.
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 59
Mr. Clark : I move that nominations be closed and the secretary
instructed to cast the entire vote for Mr. Rowland.
The motion was seconded and carried and the unanimous vote
cast for Mr. Rowland.
Mr. Bacon : The result of the ballot for president is as follows :
Total number of votes cast, 78; Estel received 50 votes and Emery
28 votes.
Chairman Moore: You have heard the report of the tellers, and
on said report the chair declares Mr. E. S. Estel of Waterloo duly
elected president for the ensuing year.
President Estel : The next in order is nominations for vice
president.
Member: I nominate vice president L. W. Emery to succeed
himself.
The nomination was seconded.
I move that nominations cease and that the secretary be instructed
to cast the unanimous vote of the association for Mr. Emery.
Motion seconded and prevailed and the unanimous ballot was cast
for Mr. Emery.
President Estel : We will now hear from Mr. A. R. Corey in
regard to Rain Insurance for Iowa Fairs.
RAIN INSURANCE FOR FAIRS
By A. R. Corey, Secretary, Iowa State Fair
Mr. Chairman and delegates of the County Fair Managers' Convention:
As requested by the Program Committee, I have endeavored to collect
and tabulate data covering the subject of Rain Insurance for Fairs.
A questionnaire on this subject was prepared and mailed to the sec-
retaries of the county and district fairs and practically all have responded
to it. The reports of these fair managers show that there was consid-
erably more interest in rain insurance this year than a year ago. Forty-
two fairs in the state of Iowa carried rain insurance this year as com-
pared with eighteen in 1921. The total insurance carried was $308,550.00,
and the premiums or cost of the insurance amounted to $35,423.53. Nine
of these fairs collected $17,750.00 in losses. Comparing the cost and
benefit of rain insurance for the years 1921 and 1922 the results have just
been reversed. In 1921 eighteen fairs carried $221,500.00 insurance at
a cost of $18,359.80, and collected in losses $56,801.17. In 1922 forty-
two fairs carried $308,550, at the cost of $35,423.53 and collected $17,750.
The reports reflect a wide difference of opinion among fair managers
as to the advisability of carrying insurance. Among the 92 fairs re-
plying to the inquiry, 37 favor insurance and 41 oppose it for various
reasons. Fourteen were non-committal. The general opinion of those
opposed to rain insurance is that if the fair is to be properly covered
60 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
by insurance, the cost at the present rates is altogether too high, making
it almost prohibitive. Those in favor of rain insurance contend that
it is like any other kind of insurance. It is a protection against loss
of a specific kind, the same as fire, tornado or life insurance. They
also contend that if the fair's finances are in bad shape, the fair cannot
afford to carry the risk. There is another thought brought out in these
inquiries namely, that where a fair is successful in putting on a large
advance sale of season tickets, this will in a way take the place of in-
surance.
For your information I would like to quote the opinion of a number
of fair secretaries on rain insurance, as reported in the questionaire. The
quotations used are from all sections of the state and have been se-
lected as they express the diversified opinions of the secretaries reporting.
Crawford County: "Rain insurance is a good idea if handled properly.
The insurance should cover the entire 24 hours. The premium is but
little more and it eliminates all of the risk rather than making a bigger
gamble out of it. We carried insurance from 6:00 a. m. until 12:00
noon, thinking that if it did not rain enough in the morning to collect,
it would not keep our crowd away. We had a very cloudy morning
and a deluge between 1:00 and 6:00 p. m. that completely ruined our
attendance for the day, but we were unable to collect any insurance."
Benton County: "I think rain insurance is a mighty good thing if the
kind of soil and the condition of the roads in the locality are such that
they make auto travel impossible after a rain."
Buena Vista County: "I am really not much in favor of rain insur-
ance except in some particular cases. If the fair is carrying a heavy
indebtedness and is so fixed that a "rain-out" would mean bankruptcy,
I believe that it is advisable to carry this protection, provided the ad-
vance sale of season tickets is very light. If a fair is in good shape
financially I see no need of this insurance. A large advance sale of
season tickets is the best insurance and costs nothing."
Marion County: "We are not very enthusiastic about rain insurance
unless it can be secured at a more reasonable rate. We insured for 12
hours each day from 2:00 a. m. until 2:00 p. m. against .20 of an inch
of rain. On Wednesday it drizzled and rained .13 of an inch during the
12 hours. The fair was spoiled for the day but we were unable to col-
lect any insurance. On Friday we guessed right and collected a little
more than enough to pay the premium."
Tama County: "I would favor rain insurance if we could get a 24-hour
coverage at a reasonable rate. Had we insured this year and last year
on a 10-hour coverage basis we would have been out money both years."
Warren County: "This year we had a heavy rain over the county, but
very little locally. It kept the people from coming from a distance. We
estimated our loss for afternoon and night at $1,000. Rain insurance
would have done us no good as it did not rain .20 of an inch on the
grounds."
Audubon County: "Rates are too high for the forms now in use. It
is possible to have the attendance ruined and yet have no protection.
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 61
Twenty-four-hour protection is the best procurable now, but rate is pro-
hibitive."
Marshall County: "I estimate that if we had carried rain insurance
for the past 17 years, the time our fair has been in operation, the cost
of the insurance for this period of years based on the rate quoted in
1921 and 1922, we would have been out at least $7,500. For a period
of years I think it is a losing game for the fairs, otherwise the insur-
ance companies would not be so anxious for the business."
Worth County: "Nine fairs have been held under our present man-
agement and out of this number only one has in any way been affected
on account of rain, and this was the only year that did not show a profit.
This is likely the reason why we have not been more interested in rain
insurance. We believe, however, that it is only a matter of time until
rates on this class of insurance will be established so that we can all
take out a reasonable amount. I am in favor of rain insurance."
Kossuth County: "Our experience with rain insurance has been very
satisfactory. Last year the policy cost us about $800 and we collected
$1,450. This year on September 7th we had .24 of an inch rain early
in the morning which did not spoil our day, but in fact benefited us,
nevertheless we collected the $3,000 insurance carried that day because
of the form of the policy we took out."
Sac County: "I think it is the only thing for fairs and other outdoor
attractions. If you get rained out the insurance comes in mighty handy,
and if you have good weather the premium does not amount to much.
Our insurance this year called for .20 of an inch of rain within a certain
period. We got .21 of an inch and were able to collect."
In summing up the comments on rain insurance it is evident that the
secretaries are about equally divided for and against insurance. Ac-
cording to these reports the average rate on all insurance written in
1922 was 11.5 per cent and the average rate for 1921 was 8.3 per cent.
The replies would also indicate that the change in the forms of policies
written this year resulted in decreasing the liabilities of the insurance
companies, and for that reason the fairs did not receive the protection
and benfit they did under the policies written in 1921.
For the information of this organization I am attaching hereto a de-
tailed statement showing the amount of insurance carried, cost and the
amount collected by the 42 fairs that carried insurance this year.
62
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
The following tabulation gives detailed information for each
fair carrying rain insurance for 1922 :
Name of Fair
Location
Amount of
Insurance
. Carried
Cost of
Insurance
Amount
Collected
Benton County Fair
$ 8,000.00
7,000.00
4,500.00
3,000.00
5,000.00
4,000.00
11,000.00
4,000.00
1,000.00
4,000.00
4,000.00
9,000.00
10,000.00
7,000.00
2,750.00
$ 1,370.20
816.00
499.55
300.00
586.00
575.00
934.00
291.67
233.20
532.80
399.00
787.50
1,516.60
543.90
399.90
315.09
320.70
456.25
400.20
536.00
975.00
533.32
667.50
394.20
933.60
800.00
750.00
799.90
466.20
233.20
621.60
200.00
799.80
488.00
243.25
5,899.50
199.90
2,500.00
437.50
5,251.50
222.00
194.00
Alta
Rockwell City Fair
Rockwell City
Carroll County Fair
Carroll
Cedar County Fair
Tipton
Big Four Fair
Crawford County Fair
The Elkader Fair
Elkader
Tri-County Fair
$ 2,500.00
Delaware County Fair
Fayette County Fair
Hamburg Fair
750.00
Guthrie County Fair
2,700.00
3,000.00
5,000.00
6,000.00
4,600.00
14,000.00
4,000.00
5,000.00
3,000.00
8,000.00
8,000.00
5,000.00
7,000.00
6,000.00
2,000.00
8,000.00
.. 1,000.00
Webster City
2 000 00
Britt...
Hardin County Fair
Eldora
Jackson CouDty Fair
Jefferson County Fair
Fairfield
Anamosa District Fair
Jones County Fair
What Cheer
Kossuth County Fair
3,000.00
Columbus Jet. District Fair
Columbus Junction
Knoxville
1 000 00
Mills County Fair
Mitchell County Fair
Monroe County Fair
Albia
O'Brien County Fair
Sheldon
Poweshiek County Fair
500.00
6,000.00
4.500.00
2,500.00
41,000.00
2,000.00
20,000.00
5,000.00
45,000.00
4,000.00
.. 2,000.00
Sac County Fair
Sac City
2,250.00
Mississippi Valley Fair and Exposition . . .
Central Iowa Fair
500.00
Hawkeye Fair and Exposition
Winnebago County Fair
Interstate Fair
5,250.00
Boone County Fair
Ogden
Plymouth County Fair
Total
$308,550.00
$35,423.53
$17,750.00
President Estel : Next on our program is "The Sale of Advance
Season Tickets," by Mr. C. E. Beman, of Oskaloosa.
Mr. Beman: I am a firm believer in season tickets sold before the
beginning of the fair.
In the organization of our fair seven years ago, when a few of us
got together and organized and started our fair, I was elected treasurer
and superintendent of gates and tickets. I don't know how it came to
me just now, but I introduced to the board the idea of season tickets.
Some were for them and some against. However, those that were for
were in a majority and we started out to sell season tickets at our
fair and, from my point of view, I may say to you today that it has
been a success, and season tickets, well worked, do a great deal to make
a fair successful. A season ticket, well worked, will mean anywhere
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 63
from three to seven or eight thousand dollars in your treasury before
you open the fair.
I think a season ticket should be a ticket that you can sell for $2.00,
assuming that your fair charges fifty cents gate admission. I would put
in that book, which has been the most successful book we have had, four
fifty cent tickets, and four twenty-five cent tickets. In that way you
give the fellow who buys a ticket before the fair $3.00 worth of tickets
for $2.00. You have the $2.00 in your treasury and you give them
the $1.00 for buying the ticket.
The question may be asked why the four twenty-five cent tickets. I
notice a number of you have a twenty-five cent rate after four o'clock
or five o'clock. People desiring to come in can use the twenty-five cent
ticket. Our tickets are transferable. You may buy a ticket and if
you want to bring your family in with it and you have five in the family,
and a car, you use four of these fifty cent tickets and two of the twenty-
five cent tickets for the other adult, and one twenty-five cent ticket for
the car. They can use them any time during the fair and the family
can use them.
Before I started away I just had received a copy of this program and
I hastily picked up three reports I had made as treasurer the past
three years, to note the amount of season tickets sold before the fair
and I will give you the result in dollars. In 1920 we had a five-day fair
and we sold $7,190 worth of season tickets. In 1921 a four-day fair and
$4,994. In 1922 a four-day fair, and $5,227. This last year we dropped
back to a ticket for $1.50, three full tickets and three twenty-five cent
tickets.
The ticket this year will be the $2.00 ticket and any of you people who,
after hearing this, decide to try a season ticket, and you charge fifty
cents, I will advise you to use the ticket I have illustrated. Make it
fully transferable, four fifty-cent tickets and four twenty-five cent tickets.
There will be some questions asked, perhaps, as to pass-out checks. I
don't know what your custom is about that but we don't give pass-out
checks. Of course we do extend favors. You have to extend favors to
be a good fair man, but you have to extend them with reason and judg-
ment. The first year I was treasurer people would come to the gates
and want in just to see a man for ten minutes and come right back, and
these fellows rarely ever came back. So I say to the men who are sell-
ing tickets, take his name, take his fifty cents, and tell him if he is
back in thirty minutes the fifty cents is his, if not, it is ours. That
is a matter of accommodation and some men who buy season tickets will
ask you the question whether or not they can go out. Of course you
have the season ticket, they have the book and you know the man. We
grant that, but we don't grant pass-out checks with season tickets. As
before stated to you, a twenty-five cent ticket pays for the automobile,
pays for entry to the ground after 4:30, and the fact you give him an
extra dollar of tickets gets them to purchase it. I put tickets in the
banks, dry goods stores, drug stores, and we work the sale of them, but I
want to say to you that if I would work them in a real way I could
sell a good many more tickets than I do, and we always start our fair
64 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
with five to seven thousand dollars in the treasury before the fair gates
are open, due to the sale of season tickets.
Member: I would like to ask one question, do you permit the
removal of these tickets from the books?
Mr. Beaman: We take the tickets out as they come in. They
come to the gate and we see how many are in the car, and we tear
out the number necessary and pass them in.
Member : What I was getting at, was this : If I bought one of
these season tickets ; could I tear out four tickets and hand them
to my friends and let them come in on them?
Mr. Beaman : No, sir. When they come to the gate we tear out
the tickets and when they are all torn out of the book they are
through with it.
Member: What percentage of total paid admissions at the gate
do you usually sell in season tickets?
Mr. Beaman: About one-fifth.
Mr. Harvey: I would like to inquire how long before the fair
opens you begin to sell tickets?
Mr. Beaman: We sell them ten days before and don't allow them
to buy them after the fair is open. They will try it but you have
to use a rigid rule and say "no" then.
President Estel: We will have the report of the Resolutions
Committee by Mr. Quarton, of Algona.
REPORT OF THE RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE
We, the Iowa Fair Managers' Association, in convention assembled, de-
sire to express our appreciation for the cooperation and support given
this association by the officers and directors of the Iowa State Fair, and
conducting our affairs for the past season.
And further be it resolved, That we recommend that a uniform classi-
fication be adopted for all Iowa fairs, with a minimum and maximum
premium, and in order to bring about this result we recommend that the
secretary of the Iowa Fair Managers' Association, cooperate with the
secretary of the Department of Agriculture of Iowa, by being instructed
to prepare such classification and mail the same to each member of thia
organization.
And whereas, There has been some misunderstanding in reference to
the enforcement of a certain rule as contained in our premium books,
as it refers to exhibitors who show in classes where there is no competi-
tion which reads as follows: Where there is but a single exhibitor in a
class the judge shall award but one premium, where two, two premiums
may be awarded, and where three or more as many premiums may be
awarded as there are exhibitors in the class, except as otherwise pro-
vided in social rules under head of department.
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 65
Therefore be it resolved, That the Iowa Fair Managers' Association go
on record as approving this rule and recommend the strict enforcement
of same by all members of this association.
That there has been considerable misunderstanding regarding the ap-
plication of the rule, as it applies to the testing of cattle which rule reads
as follows:
Rule 11 (Amended).
All cattle for exhibition or other purposes at the Iowa State Fair or
any fair or exhibition held within the state of Iowa, shall be either from
a Tuberculosis-Free Accredited Herd or from a herd that has passed one
clean test, within one year, under the cooperative plan for the accredit-
ing of herds. Cattle other than those above specified shall have passed
a satisfactory tuberculin test and found to be free from tuberculosis not
more than 90 days prior to the opening date of exhibition at each fair.
Therefore be it resolved, That the Iowa Fair Managers' Association go
on record as approving this rule and recommend carrying out and strict
enforcement of same, and that any failure on the part of either ex-
hibitor or the fair management in enforcing this rule be promptly re-
ported to the State Veterinarian of Iowa for the protection of all ex-
hibitors.
We further recommend that all members of this association who con-
duct harness horse racing employ license timers, and that all special
suppression time be eliminated.
Be it resolved, That the Iowa Fair Managers' Association go on record
in favor of rigid economy in the conduct of its affairs, but that the dues
be not lowered until a sufficient and adequate fund has been accumulated
to take care of the legitimate needs of this association, especially for
educational, publicity and legislative purposes. Respectfully submitted,
(Signed)
S. D. QUARTON,
E. W. Williams,
H. S. Stanbery.
Mr. Quarton : I move the adoption of the resolutions as pre-
sented.
The motion seconded.
President Estel : You have heard the motion that the resolutions
as read be adopted. All in favor of the motion signify by saying
aye. Contrary the same sign. The motion is carried and the reso-
lutions are adopted.
We will now hear from Mr. Williams.
Mr. E. W. Williams: Iowa fair managers and secretaries must take
an invoice of themselves. For this reason many of the fairs of Iowa
are not up to the standard they should be. They are spending more
money than they are really taking in. After you arrive home, take
last year's book and look up the number of stock listed in each depart-
ment, the amount of profit made, and the amount of money expended
for free acts, etc. There are some of these fairs misrepresenting last
5
66 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
year unintentionally, we will put it, or else their program will fall
mightily behind this year in the amount allowed to races and ball games
and free acts. I think many fairs are misrepresenting the facts of their
fair. I think that each fair should take a change and an invoice of
themselves and see where they stand, and I think many of you men
here will agree with me that many of the fairs are going beyond
their means.
So I say if the fair managers, whether by districts as laid out by
our association or not, take the fairs within say a radius of thirty
miles that have railroad connections, and have the managers meet at
some central point. In our eastern district we take in a list of fairs
such as Strawberry Point, Manchester, Independence, Jesup, Marion,
Maquoketa, Elkader and West Union.
We take an invoice of ourselves. Are you furnishing everything free
to the exhibitors, are you allowing pass-out checks, and such things as
that?
You should get together and talk over what purses you will put up,
what program you are going to put up. Personally, I think many of
us fairs, and I am including myself in this, have been trying to outdo
each other. I am in favor of the exhibitor and the concession man, and
I believe if we men will get together and talk over these things every
summer we will do away with some of these expenses. Arrange your
race cards. Arrange your baseball games. At Independence in our
district this year we put up a hundred dollar purse, divided sixty and
forty for baseball, and when I arrived home I had three letters upon my
desk in a week from baseball teams in our county that we had helped
while the war was on, saying that they would not play for that. These
baseball teams did not take into consideration what we had been doing
and they all wanted a $250 guarantee. By our organization our three
fairs saved ourselves $400. I believe we have to have our organizations
and I think that the secretary has got all your counties laid out on the
letterhead, and if you can't work in harmony with all of your fairs, in
your district, you should submit the question and have a change of ar-
rangement so that you can. Have it so it is convenient and then you
can meet and take up the smallest details and you can work them out.
I worked one year with Waverly on a change of acts, but that is an
exception and I know there are not many towns arranged on the railroads
so you can. But if the Iowa fair secretaries ever in the world should
take an invoice of themselves financially, I believe it is now and the dis-
trict meetings to me are the best thing we have ever had.
President Estel : Mr. Wilkinson, our secretary, has very interest-
ing things to tell us in regard to the Toronto meeting which he
attended for the organization, and before we get into the questions it
would probably be well to have Mr. Wilkinson give us a review of
that meeting and what it accomplished.
Secretary Wilkinson: I was going to give you a review of the year's
work starting from the last annual meeting. The results of the last
annual meeting you all received many months ago in this printed pam-
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 67
phlet which Mr, Corey sent out and I think there is no need of going
over that. In accordance with a motion made during the meeting last
year it was recommended that this association apply for membership in
the International Association of Fairs and Exhibitions and that our
representative be at their meeting provided we could obtain member-
ship. I went to Chicago last February and was successful in obtaining
membership for this organization in the International Association. The
International Association works on matters that are of great interest and
great benefit to all fairs. I am sure we will be very well repaid for
every cent it cost to belong to the association.
At several times during the spring and summer we received bulletins
from Don B. Moore, secretary of that association, which I had printed
in cicular form and mailed to all members of this association. One
of these bulletins told of freight classifications. They dealt with a re-
duction of passenger fare rates and gave rates for your fare returns.
Another thing that came up during the summer was through the news-
papers of this state taking the matter up with me and wanting me to
advise the members of the association regarding the collection of the
tax or license for eating stands and eating houses on fair grounds as
required by law.
The International Association of Fairs and Exhibitions held their
meeting at Toronto this year on Thanksgiving week. The main topic
of the meeting was the carnival fair clean-up which the Billboard has
been pushing for the past few months. There was a great deal of ar-
gument and strife started by some fair men present who took excep-
tion to certain articles that had been printed and certain statements
made, but nevertheless after a great deal of argument the resolution
which appeared in the Billboard was adopted. The point that they were
actually taken on is that gambling for money with or without protest
be prohibited on all fair grounds. They also referred to the '49 Camps
or shows where the men dance with hired women, and a number of other
things. I believe in the state of Iowa we were a little above these things
as we have for a number of years prohibited these things, and the fairs
in general have been very clean in the state of Iowa for years.
President Estel : We have just a few questions we want to have
answered. This is one of the questions — "Would it be possible to
get the legislature to amend the law providing for state aid to the
county fairs so as not to compel them to publish the list of premium
awards ?"
Member: That is my question. Before we got this additional
state aid it was not necessary to publish a list of premium awards.
Now with this new law it is costing us in the neighborhood of $150
to have this list of awards published, and I presume you are all
in exactly the same boat. We appreciate state aid but I hate to
give seven and a half or ten per cent to the newspapers to pub-
lish this in order to get it.
68 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
Member: I would like to speak on this subject just a minute from
a newspaper man's standpoint. We newspaper men always like to
have the fair premiums, and most always have made an effort to
get them, and publish them when they were of news value, but the
law as provided at the present time a good many secretaries delay
the preparing of this list as it is to be published, until it ceases to
be of news value. On the other hand, it is perfectly legitimate that
the newspaper should have some compensation of publishing that.
It is usually published quite a number of weeks after the fair is over,
and from a newspaper man's standpoint it ceases to be of very
much news value at that time.
Mr. Graves : I would like to say in connection with this publica-
tion of the premium list, I find that if the secretary will get this
into the hands of the newspapers within the next week after the
fair closes, they are always glad to publish it and if the secretary will
take it to the papers I think he comes within the meaning of the
state law if he reports that to the state department with this clipping.
But if he puts it off and the editor has to make a special notice of it
afterwards, I know in one instance it cost us $132 because we
didn't clip the papers. Otherwise I don't think there is any
added expense for that.
Mr. Corey : Just a word along this line. I don't recall just now
who was chairman of your legislative committee at the time this law
was passed, but I believe it was Mr. Ridgley of Independence. If
you recall when the Taylor bill was before the committee, some
provision was made in the bill for the publication of the awards.
They contended if the state was appropriating something like $2,000
maximum there should be a statement published as to who this money
was going to. Another thought was brought out at that time that
the exhibitors who make your show are entitled to and appreciate
this advertising. I think as the gentleman said, if the county fair
secretaries will try to get this to the newspapers within a week or so
after the fair, practically all of them are glad to publish it as news.
As far as the department is concerned we have tried to be very
liberal in the interpretation of the law, and accepted published lists
of awards in various forms. At one time I believe we sent out a
skeleton form and suggested how we would like to have the awards
published, and a good many fairs followed that. The idea was, for
instance, taking the shorthorn class, simply show the amount of
award paid each exhibitor in that class. Some fairs go much
farther than that, and show first and second place. You recall at
PROCEEDINGS IOWA STATE FAIR MANAGERS ASSN. 69
that time it was one of the things that the committee contended for,
the publication of the award so the state might know where the
money was going.
Mr. Hunt: We find it mighty good business to pay the news-
papers for publishing this for all the free space we get during the
fair.
Mr. Emery : I agree with the gentleman that it is good business to
pay for publication of the premium list. At Spencer I get a lot of
publicity from our two newspapers. Possibly some of you gentle-
men received the special fair edition of the News Herald, forty-eight
pages the week before our fair. It is certainly wonderful publicity
and I give each paper the premium list and I think it pays, and I
certainly would not want to have any law or rule whereby I could
not pay my two papers this money for publishing this premium
list. I had a secretary write me two or three years ago and ask
me how I worked my newspapers to get this publicity. I say that
a good secretary can get all this publicity if he will treat his
newspapers right and get them interested in his fair.
President Estel : Is there any further discussion? If not, we
will have the next question read.
Secretary Wilkinson : Is the time coming when County Fairs will
be consolidated into district fairs of four or more counties?
(Answers of "no," "never," "I hope not.")
President Estel : The next question ?
Secretary Wilkinson: After nine years of evening fireworks
program, would it pay us to change our evening show?
(Answers of "No" and "Yes.")
Secretary Wilkinson : How do you handle stockholders'
tickets, I mean what concessions do you make to stockholders ?
(Answers of "none.")
Member : How do you handle it ?
(Answers "They pay.")
Member: We don't make any concessions to stockholders. The
fair don't pay dividends of any kind and the men who put their
money in go through the gates and buy tickets.
Mr. Selby : In Wayne county our president, secretary and treas-
urer pay for their tickets, every stockholder buys his ticket and we
pay no salary or dividends.
Member : We followed that same plan this year at our fair and it
worked out fine. The president bought his ticket the same as anybody
else.
70 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART II.
Member: If I buy my ticket I won't be president, I'll tell the
world that. I spend three months getting ready and I am not going
to pay to get in. The president is furnishing his time for nothing
during two or three weeks or for a month, or maybe twelve months,
and then if he has got to pay his fare into the fair I will say that man
is crazy, that is all there is to that.
President Estel : Let's have a show of hands as to how many fairs
represented here give free admission to stockholders. Five furnish
stockholders free admission.
Mr. Cooper: Our fair association is organized under the state
laws and we have eighty stockholders. We give the stockholders
tickets into the fair, they buy shares for $100 and they have put in
that much money and they never get anything out of that money
outside of admission at the outside gate, and I am like this man
here, if I didn't put up these tickets I would have to move from town.
I refer to a season ticket that admits the man and his family, his
children under eighteen years of age.
President Estel: We are now adjourned.
PART III
Proceedings of State Agricultural Convention, House
Chamber, State House, Des Moines, Iowa,
December 13, 1922
The convention was called to order at 10:00 a. m., by President
Cameron who announced that they would start the meeting with
community singing led by Alfred H. Smith of Des Moines.
Vice President J. P. Mullen : Gentlemen we will now proceed
with the regular program. The first topic will be the annual address
by President C. E. Cameron.
President Cameron: Gentlemen of the Convention and Fair Managers —
We have passed another milestone in state fair history with very satis-
factory results. When we consider the condition of the money market
and the low prices that prevailed for farm products for the last year,
I venture the statement, all these things considered, that from a finan-
cial standpoint and in all that goes to make a well balanced show, this
year's fair equalled, if it did not actually surpass, all previous efforts.
I am led to this belief by the unusual number of high class exhibits
shown in all departments, their ideal classification and arrangement,
and by the efficient service rendered by those in whose care the exhibits
were placed. It is a great pleasure to note this favorable comment on
the fair work, for criticism was barely noticeable this year, or at least
minimized to an unusual degree.
Of course there were many other features of the fair deserving of spe-
cial mention, but the fact that this particular phase was not overlooked,
making it pleasant as well as profitable for the patrons of the fair
is surely gratifying to everyone who had anything to do with making
the fair a success. There are some things about the preliminary de-
tails of the 1922 fair that I want to tell you; some things about the
conditions that actually existed when we commenced planning for it.
I am doing this because the conditions at that time were so unusual
that many perplexities confronted us, and I want to tell you how we
met them.
In planning for this year's fair I am frank to tell you, the board had
some misgivings regarding the final outcome. There were plenty of
reasons for this uncertainty. You are all aware that this is to a great
extent an agricultural state; consequently our people depend in great
measure on the prices received for live stock and farm products for
their prosperity. The Iowa State Fair, too, is recognized and is pre-
dominantly an agricultural and live stock show. So that on the well
being of this class of people the fair must depend for support.
72 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
At this time last year deflation had reached its lowest ebb; values
were affected in every line, things were running against the producer;
prices of farm crops were especially low; selling was admittedly at a
loss to the farmer. It looked very doubtful if this class of people would
be in the mood or could afford to spend the time to attend the fair.
Other lines of industry it is true suffered untold distress, but the
farmer because of his inability to dispose of his products through an
effective selling organization, and forced to sell at ruinous and un-
profitable prices to meet his pressing obligations, was unquestionably
hit the hardest of all our people.
This was the situation at this time among the people who make the
state fair and the county and district fairs successful. So, for the
board, it seemed largely to be a guess which way to turn. It was a
question as to the best thing to do in planning for the 1922 fair. You
may be sure that there was plenty of discussion and there were differ-
ences of opinion, but on one point at least there was immediate and
harmonious decision, "In All That Is Good Iowa Affords the Best," and
the proud position of the Iowa State Fair at home and the enviable
reputation it holds as a leader among similar institutions in the nation,
was not to be surrendered or abridged, but maintained at all costs.
I want you to remember that the 1921 fair barely played even, exclusive
of maintenance. Since that time the office expense and the maintenance
of grounds and buildings, besides other necessary and incidental items
of expense were rapidly eating up the surplus carried over from the
previous more prosperous years. To keep the fair going with its old
time prestige, to offer and to pay the usual quota in premiums and to
carry out a program in keeping with the past record of the institution;
to do all this, and in addition to reduce the admission at the outside
gates to the popular pre-war price of fifty cents would assuredly mean
that expenses must be cut somewhere along the line. It had to be cut
to the amount of thirty-five or forty thousand dollars if the total re-
ceipts and expenditures of the 1921 fair were used as a basis. This was
the situation that confronted the board when they faced the problem
of finding ways and means for financing the 1922 fair.
After some reflection the board became convinced that a sharp de-
crease in expenditures was absolutely unavoidable. Where to make this
cut in expenses without impairing the worthy features, was the all-
important factor to be solved. The action taken by the board to meet
this unusual situation worked out so successfully that I am pleased
to inform you that this great saving was accomplished through the
practical application of the budget system to all departments of the fair.
I am sure that you will be very much interested when I tell you
that this was effected without any perceptible reduction in premiums
or in any of the features that add to the educational and permanent
value of the fair. It was to a great extent deducted from the features
that are termed recreational, such as amusements, attractions, racing and
also through a very substantial reduction in the number and daily wage
of all the assistants, helpers and employes. There existed some opposi-
tion and minor objections to such drastic action, but the board seemed
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 73
fully justified in taking the initiative as a matter of public economy as
well as to sponsor a program that would bring results.
Many of you fair men have a similar situation at home in trying to
make both ends meet, so I wish seriously to recommend that you adopt
the budget system in all the departments of your fairs. In conducting
your fairs exercise great care in keeping the expenses below the prob-
able average receipts. If you do this and apply the budget system fear-
lessly your fears and problems will soon disappear. By liberal and ju-
dicious methods of advertising aided by special features which seemed
to possess great drawing powers the fair not only showed an increased
attendance but a very handsome profit. In spite of many apparent earlier
handicaps the count showed a greatly increased attendance over 1921.
Our Iowa friends and patrons ought to take just pride in this achieve-
ment, for no other state fair showed such an increased attendance as
did the Iowa State Fair this year.
Approximately three hundred sixty thousand people passed through
the turnstiles. This is an increase of sixty thousand over 1921 and to
my mind tells the wonderful drawing power of the state fair. There
must surely be some reason for this continued support from the rural
population of the state, and I believe it is found in the fact that the
state fair is recognized and supported as one of the successful and
worthy state institutions. It belongs to all the people of the state and
by their unstinted patronage the people manifest both a state and per-
sonal pride in its success. So much for the fair, if anything more is
needed its continued success speaks for itself.
Just a word on farming and the farmer — for the last two or three
years his lot has not been a pleasant one. Because of the severe re-
action from war-time prices and the depreciation in values which fol-
lowed so rapidly, the farmer was caught holding the sack, without ability
to meet his obligations from the diminished proceeds of his own and
his family's labors. The part the farmer plays in producing the neces-
sities of life is surely an important one, for on his labors or success
of his labors depend the welfare of the whole human family. If he
cannot realize a profit on the fruits of his labor it becomes only a
matter of time until he will change his calling or find it convenient
to limit production, resulting in consequent hardships for the millions
of people who most depend for their daily bread on the labors of others.
For this reason the state and national governments should manifest
an interest in his burdens, and cooperate with him in the enactment of
legislation to provide better marketing facilities to stabilize prices, and
to afford him a reasonable return on his investment. Many things can
be done for him without injury to any other business or industry. I
refer in a larger sense to the increase of the Federal Farm Loan maxi-
mum to any one borrower of $25,000.00. Also to the continuation of the
War Finance Board, operated on a practical basis of credit; with its
sphere of activity increased to meet every reasonable requirement. The
Federal Reserve Bank also can help greatly in a more liberal recog-
nition of the borrowing power of live stock and farming communities
in comparison with other industries of the country. These organiza-
74 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
tions and others have unquestionably rendered valuable service, but I
have in mind the greater good that they may yet accomplish.
It is very noticeable, more than ever before, that there is a greater
willingness to help the farmer with his burdens. This is as it should
be and is a good augury for the future. For on the prosperity of the
farmer depends, in large measure, the prosperity of the nation. Tnere
will be no permanent national prosperity until the farmer is enabled
to come back again into the nation's markets as a buyer, with cash to
spend. Then and not until then will the wheels of industry hum for
the comfort and prosperity of the whole country. Evidence is accumulat-
ing every day that the farmer is coming back; that he will realize more
on this year's crop than on any of the two previous ones. He is by no
means out of the woods but he is on the way and his prospects appear
much brighter than a year ago. With bounteous crops, and a rising
market, obligations will be more easily met, the buying power of the
farmer will increase, and a new turn in the road is just ahead. With
better prospects and a brighter future the financial disturbances of the
last few years will untimately disappear and be forgotten.
For such a day we ought be thankful and to welcome its coming. The
citizenship of our state, patient, but alert, will readily respond to the
touch of a better outlook, and the old commonwealth of Iowa, asking
only for an even start and a fair chance, will again shine with added
lustre and blossom with abundance for the comfort and happiness of all
our people.
President Cameron: The next order of business is the appoint-
ment of the following committees: Committee on Credentials: H.
L. Pike, Monona; R. S. Johnson, Louisa; H. M. Stafford, Fayette.
The Committee on Resolutions: R. R. Clark, Grundy; C. A.
Wenstrand, Page; C. F. Curtiss, Story.
We will now have the report of our Secretary A. R. Corey.
Secretary A. R. Corey: As usual, I have submitted my report in
printed form to this convention. There are just a few things I would
like to say, however, that I learned while at the National Convention last
week. I don't know whether we all appreciate it or not, but the attend-
ance at the Iowa State Fair this year increased about twenty-three per
cent, and on the figures given by the statistical committee of the Inter-
national Association of Fairs no other fair showed an increase like this.
In fact, the attendance at the Iowa State Fair equalled the attendance
of the Michigan State Fair, which is held in a city of over a million
population. Our attendance came within 20,000 of the great Minnesota
fair which has a million people within street car riding distance of their
grounds. Financially, I think there was only one other fair in the
United States that came out better than Iowa did this year. That was
Minnesota. Minnesota still maintained this seventy-five cent admission
at the outside gate and all of the other war-time admissions at the grand
stand and their horse show.
In regard to the exhibit at the State Fair this year, which is the
basis for judging all agricultural fairs, or should be, of course it makes
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 75
us all feel good if the balance comes out on the right side, showing a
profit, but when it conies down to facts we must judge live stock and
agricultural fairs from the exhibit standpoint. There is no question but
that the Iowa State Fair had the best balanced live stock show in
its history. In fact, a larger percentage of our premiums were called for
this year than ever before. Practically every class was filled. We are
also very proud of the exhibit in the agricultural building which was
well filled with county exhibits and individual farm exhibits, and a
wonderful horticultural show.
Mr. Cameron has spoken to you about the budget system. I really
feel very proud of the work the Board did this year. I think you all
realize it is a very easy matter to add to your premiums and add to the
expenses of your fair. We got into that habit during the war. But
when you come to cut down it is rather a hard proposition. Mr. Cam-
eron told you that at the meeting in March the board went over this very
carefully and made out a budget calling for a reduction of about $35,000.
This called for a good big cut in a number of departments, especially
in some of the amusement features, but I want to say that every mem-
ber of the Board put his shoulder to the wheel and worked with the
Executive Committee, and the superintendents outside of members of
the Board did the same thing, and after the fair was over and our
books were balanced they showed we only ran over our budget about
three per cent. In fact, the expenses of the fair, other than premiums
only overran $2,000. I feel that is a wonderful showing.
Some of the other fairs operate on this same basis and I was dis-
cussing the matter with them during our meeting in Chicago, and one
fair manager said, "We always make up a budget, we did again this
year, but overshot about $15,000. We were pretty well pleased," he said.
"We usually go over from $20,000 to $25,000."
We have worked out this budget system before in different departments,
that is for advertising, attractions and things of that kind, but this was
the first year we ever applied the budget system to all departments of
the fair. This matter was also discussed by the county fair managers
last year and I believe they profited by it. I noticed in tabulating the
expenses of the county fairs in the state of Iowa this year that they
reduced their operating expenses about five per cent. That is quite a
creditable showing because it has been going the other way for a good
many years.
Now, as I said, I have prepared a report of some eighty pages and I
have tried to cover every detail of the fair. The financial report is in
detail and there are data that cover the exhibits and everything of that
nature. I am not going to take time to read any portion of this report.
You can all take it home with you and look it over.
76
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY
A. R. Corey
Iowa Department of Agriculture and The Iozva State Fair and
Exposition
There is submitted herewith for the information of the delegates
in attendance at the County Fair Managers convention, and the
State Agricultural convention, a report covering the county and dis-
trict fairs held in the State of Iowa during the year 1922, and a re-
port covering the 1922 Iowa State Fair.
The work of the Department of Agriculture will be presented
in the Year Book of Agriculture, and a supplement to the Year Book
covering the Stallion Registration Division.
The following summary shows the number of stallions enrolled
by the Department from January 1, 1922, to November 30, 1922:
No.
Issued | Pees
Total
Fees
Pure Bred Stallions:
340
$1.00
$ 340.00
Renewal Certificates-.
1,795 [ l.OO
428 .50
1,795.00
214.00
Grade Stallions:
74
263
38
51
423
89
45
187
41
1
1.00
1.00
.50
1.00
1.00
.50
1.00
1.00
.50
.50
74.00
263.00
Transfer Certificates
19.00
Pure Bred Jacks:
Original Certificates
51.00
Renewal Certificates..
423.00
Transfer Certificates .
44.50
Grade Jacks:
Original Certificates
45.00
Renewal Certificates..
187.00
Transfer Certificates
20.50
.50
Back fees collected..
338.00
Total .. ..
,
$3,814.50
Deposited with treasurer
1 1
$3,814.50
1
The records of the Stallion Registration Division show a de-
crease in the number of stallions enrolled each year for the past
seven years. The best information at hand points to a revival of the
draft horse industry. The fact that draft horses' at the present time
are commanding good prices at the horse markets, and the fact that
the value of the draft horse has decreased less during the period of
deflation than almost any other product on the farm, lends encourage-
ment to the industry.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 77
The farmer must realize that with the present prices of feed, the
horse is the most economical motive power to be used on the farm.
He is also aware that the horse is a consumer of the products raised
upon the farm and in producing and using horses he is making a
greater market for his products.
During the fiscal year ending July 1, 1922, the Department re-
ceived reports from seventy Farmers Institutes and Short Course
Associations. These institutes held 214 sessions, employed 358
speakers and had a total attendance of 64,685. The State Aid paid
the institutes on the certificate of the department amounted to
$3,533.50.
The Department has published during the year, six editions of
"GREATER IOWA," having a preferred mailing list of 18,000.
The aims and purposes of the publication has been to place in the
hands of those that can use the material to the best advantage,
definite information regarding the State of Iowa, laying stress upon
the agricultural and live stock industries, and to give the proper
information regarding the Iowa State Fair. This publicity work has
also been supplemented by news items and notices to the press of
the State.
The Department publishes annually the "Iowa Year Book of
Agriculture." The volume contains about 800 pages and covers all
of the activities of the Department. Among the more important
subjects covered are the Farm and Crop statistics collected by the
township assessors, comparative statistics covering a period of years,
a report of all board and committee meetings of the State Board of
Agriculture, a complete report of the State Fair, including the pre-
mium awards in all departments, the proceedings of numerous state
organizations allied with agriculture, bulletins, addresses and papers
upon agriculture and live stock subjects.
COUNTY AND DISTRICT FAIRS
Ninety-five county and district fairs were held in the State of
Iowa during the year 1922. This was an increase of three over
the previous year.
These fairs received state aid in the sum of $168,062.33, an in-
crease of $10,371.43 over 1921. Fifty-one fairs received the limit
of $2,000 each. The average state aid for all fairs was $1,770.00.
The receipts at the outside gates and grandstand show a slight
increase over 1921, regardless of the fact that all fairs went back to
78 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
50c admission at the outside gate. Their statements show there was
an increase of about 8 per cent in the amount of premiums paid and
a slight reduction in the expense of all other departments. The de-
crease in the total expense of these fairs amounted to about SJ/2 per
cent. Sixty-seven fairs showed a profit of $136,144.30 and twenty-
seven a loss of $22,836.57, leaving a net profit on all fairs of $113,-
307.73. These figures take into consideration only the receipts and
operating expense of the fair. From this profit and the receipts
other than fair, such as stock sold, subscriptions, etc., must be paid
the maintenance of the grounds and buildings and any additions or
improvements made on the grounds.
The receipts from the fairs were as follows : Outside gates,
$566,237.72; grand stand, $188,361.39; entry fees, speed depart-
ment, $31,617.62; concessions and privileges, $138,316.45; adver-
tising in premium list and programs, $29,946.86; state aid, $168,-
062.33; miscellaneous receipts, $150,211.49, making the total receipts
from the operation of all fairs, $1,272,753.86. Adding to this the
balance on hand at the beginning of the year, $85,690.36 and the
receipts other than fair, $257,627.52, which includes subscriptions,
stock sold, etc., makes the total receipts of all fairs $1,616,071.74.
The disbursements covering the operating expense of these fairs
were as follows: Premiums other than speed, $323,217.69; purses
for speed events, $197,465.47; music and attractions, $276,580.78,
and the miscellaneous expense, $362,182.19, making the total ex-
pense of all fairs $1,159,446.13.
In addition to the actual operating expense of the fairs, the in-
debtedness of previous years paid during the current year amounted
to $148,022.28, and there was expended for improvements, main-
tenance, etc., $234,801.84, making the total disbursements $1,542,-
270.25.
Sixty-six fairs closed the year with a balance of $105,766.09 on
hand. Nineteen show an over-draft of $31,964.60, and ten show
their accounts just balance. The grounds and buildings are valued
at $3,896,645.60 and the interest bearing indebtedness amounts to
$1,133,326.58.
The reports of these fairs indicate that the breeders and other
exhibitors are showing a keener interest in these institutions. This
is evident by a substantial increase in the number of exhibitors in
all departments and the increase in the number of head of live stock
shown. There is also evidence of a closer co-operation between
the management of these fairs and the farmer and the breeders of
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 79
the communities in which they are held. This has resulted in a
larger number of exhibitors, a larger and better exhibit of live stock
and a liberal increase in premiums in all departments.
The total attendance of the ninety-five fairs was 1,571,940, which
was an increase of 95,898 over that of 1921. The total paid admis-
sions were 1,273,406, an increase of 64,123. Seventy-nine fairs put
on programs in front of the grand stand in the afternoon with an
attendance of 374,055. This showed an increase of 42,855 over the
previous year. Eighty-two fairs put on night shows with a total
attendance of 191,042, an increase of 34,975 over the attendance
in 1921.
The reports covering rain insurance show that forty-two fairs
carried rain insurance this year as compared with eighteen in 1921.
The total insurance carried was $308,550.00 and the premiums
amounted to $35,423.53. Nine of these fairs collected $17,750.00 in-
surance. Comparing the cost and the benefit of rain insurance for
the years 1921 and 1922 the results were just reversed. In 1921
eighteen fairs carried $221,500 insurance at a cost of $18,359.80
and collected in losses $56,811.17. In 1922 thirty-nine fairs carried
$308,550.00 at a cost of $35,423.53 and collected $17,750.00.
The reports reflect a wide difference of opinion among fair man-
agers as to the advisability of carrying rain insurance. A number
contend that figuring over a period of several years, the fairs can
best afford to carry their own risk, especially where they are suc-
cessful in selling season tickets in advance of the fair. Others
contend that the rates are too high to warrant carrying insurance.
This contention, however, is not borne out if we are to take cost
and insurance collected by the fairs in Iowa for the past two
years. A number contend that it is possible to have the attend-
ance ruined by rains near the fairgrounds, or on hours not cov-
ered by the policy or cold cloudy weather and still be unable to
collect any insurance. On the other hand quite a number feel the
rain insurance is a life saver for county fairs and no fair can
afford to carry their own insurance. Especially is this true with
fairs that are badly in debt.
80
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
The following tabulation gives detailed information for each
fair carrying rain insurance for 1922 :
Name of Fair
Benton County Pair — __
Buchanan County Fair
Buena Vista County Pair
Rockwell City Fair
Carroll County Pair
Cedar County Fair.
North Iowa Fair
Big Four Fair
Crawford County Fair
The Elkader Fair
Tri-County Fair
Decatur County Fair
Delaware County Fair _
Fayette County Fair
Hamburg Fair
Guthrie County Fair
Hamilton County Exposition
Hancock County Fair
Hardin County Fair
Jackson County Fair
Jefferson County Fair
Anamosa District Fair
Jones County Fair
What Cheer Fair and Exposition..
Kossuth County Fair
Columbus Jet. District Fair
Marion County Fair
Mills County Fair
Mitchell County Fair
Monroe County Fair
O'Brien County Fair
Poweshiek County Fair
Clarinda Fair
Sac County Fair
Schleswig District Pair
Mississippi Valley Fair and Expo-
sition
Central Iowa Fair
Hawkeye Fair and Exposition
Winnebago County Fair
Interstate Fair
Boone County Fair
Plymouth County Fair
Location
Vinton
Independence
Alta
Rockwell City
Carroll
Tipton
Mason City
Nashua
Arion
Elkader
Perry
Leon.
Manchester
West Union
Hamburg
Guthrie Center
Webster City
Britt
Eldora
Maquoketa
Fairfield
Anamosa
Monticello
What Cheer
Algona
Columbus Junction.
Knoxville
Malvern
Osage
Albia—
Sheldon
Malcolm
Clarinda
Sac City
Schleswig
Davenport..
Ames
Fort Dodge-
Forest City-
Sioux City_.
Ogden
Le Mars
Amount of
Insurance Cost of
Carried Insurance
Amount
Collected
8,000.00
7,000.00
4,500.00
3,000.00
5,000.00
4,000.00
11,000.00
4,000.00
1,000.00
4,000.00
4,000.00
9,000.00
10,000.00
7,000.00
2,750.00
2,700.00
3,000.00
5,000.00
6,000.00
4,600.00
14,000.00
4,000.00
5,000.00
3,000.00
8,000.00
8,000.00
5,000.00
7,000.00
6,000.00
2,00O.CO
8,000.00
1,000.00
6.000.00
4,500.00
2,500.00
41,000.00
2,000.00
20,000.00
5,000.00
45,000.00
4.000.00
2,000.00
Total ^308,550.00 $35,423.53
1,370.20
816.00
499.55
300.00
586.00
575.00
934.00
291.67
233.20
532.80
399.00
787.50
1,516.60
543.90
399.90
315.09
320.70
456.25
400.20
536.00
975.00
533.32
667.50
394.20
933.60
800.00
750.00
799.90
466.20
233.20
621.60
200.00
799.80
488.00
243.25
5,899.50
199.90
2,500.00
437.50
5,251.50
222.00
194.00
$ 2,500.00
750.00
I'oob'.oo
3,000.00
Tooo'oo
500.00
Y,250.ob
500. 00
5,250.00
$17,750.00
There is presented herewith four tables giving detailed information
for each fair. Table number one deals with the receipts and dis-
bursements of the fairs and shows the profit or loss. Table number
two sets forth the financial condition of each fair; showing the
balance on hand at the beginning of the year and the balance or over-
draft at the close of the year. Also the appraised value of the
grounds and buildings and the interest bearing indebtedness. Table
number three gives the number of exhibitors, the number of head
of live stock on exhibition and the amount of cash premiums paid
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 81
in the various departments. Table number four shows the total
attendance at the outside gates, day and night grandstand, also the
total paid admissions and the admission fees paid.
There is also submitted a tabulation showing receipts from ticket
sales ; the cost of advertising and the per cent of ticket sales spent
for advertising. Another statement gives a list of the fairs receiv-
ing County Aid, the amount and purpose for which it was appro-
priated.
82 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
TABLE NO. 1.— RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF
County, City or Town
Receipts
Ticket Sales
Adair, Greenfield
Adams, Corning
Allamakee, Waukon
Audubon, Audubon
Benton, Vinton
Black Hawk, Waterloo
Boone, Ogden
Bremer, Waverly
Buchanan, Aurora.- —
Buchanan, Independence
Buchanan, Jesup
Buena Vista, Alta
Butler, Allison
Calhoun, Manson
Calhoun, Rockwell City
Carroll, Carroll —
Carroll, Coon Rapids
Cass, Atlantic _.,
Cedar, Tipton
Cerro Gordo, Mason City...
Chickasaw, Nashua
Clay, Spencer
Clayton, Elkader
Clayton, National
Clayton, Strawberry Point-.
Clinton, De Witt
Crawford, Arion
Crawford, Schleswig
Dallas, Perry
Davis, Bloomfleld
Decatur, Leon
Delaware, Manchester
Des Moines, Burlington
Dubuque, Dyersville
Payette, West Union.
Fremont, Hamburg
Greene, Jefferson
Grundy, G"rundy Center
Guthrie, Guthrie Center
Hamilton, Webster City
Hancock, Britt
Hardin, Ackley
Hardin, Eldora
Harrison, Missouri Valley...
Henry, Mt. Pleasant
Henry, Winfield
Humboldt, Humboldt
Ida, Ida Grove
Jackson, Maquoketa
Jasper, Newton
Jefferson, Fairfield
Jones, Anamosa
Jones, Monticello
Keokuk, What Cheer
Kossuth, Algona
Lee, Donnellson
Lee, West Paint
Linn, Central City
Linn, Marion
Lbuisa, Columbus Junction-
Lucas, Derby
Lyon, Rock Rapids
Mahaska, Oskaloosa
4,776.95
2,324.85
4,357.05
6,295.65
6,915.50
27,323.35
2,740.30
8,367.94
1,416.05
5,384.25
1,704.75
7,164.11
4,264.00
4,256.55
3,855.50
4,521.50
7,622.75
6,160.50
13,709.00
4,648.78
18,763.10
4,453.30
3,100.00
1,853.75
5,559.97
4,415.02
2,743.00
8,731.50
6,405.00
8,206.40
12,393.72
3,689.25
11,002.65
2,754.44
4,090.25
3,706.05
5,021.25
4,113.25
4,808.73
41.00
4,710.60
3,974.35
8,674.25
3,498.50
4,762.30
1,895.45
4,178.49
5,469.39
8,306.75
4,999.60
6,060.75
2,067.00
8,656.33
3,472.75
3,330.00
2,739.54
4,138.00
4,291.50
1,806.00
7,385.14
17,331.61
757.65$
615.95
538.95..
920.05..
1,221.95
11,396.40 _.
369.75
1,743.00
220.50$
88.00
707.75
812.00
656.25
903.75
894.25
1,053.85
2,848.70
1,436.05
7,653.50
1,315.76
4,991.99
907.25
351.80
896.40
2,126.25
783.25
707.30
4,935.45
3,508.75
1,804.85
0,976.50
1,770.65
503.10
1,687.75
609.25
643.45
1,100.25
646.20
5,434.30
1,550.75
1,695.20
723.50
1,814.05
3,379.18
1,700.91
1,418.25
683.00
1,636.00
427.25
1,471.10
1,570.95
2,353.60
1,631.90
9,975.50
70.00
loiToo
369.00
22.10
176.75
288.95
368.89
112
75.00
863.50
720.00
70.00
475.00
770.00
69.05
992.50
20.00
30.00
699.50'
475.00
750.
267.
889.
1,432.
1,473.
2,838.
629.
2,774.
229.
1,546.
72.
1,183
752.
940.
1,394.
1,785.
$ 165.60
152.10
227.50
512. OC
130.00
225.00
,005.00
820.00
198.50
27.00
433.00
793.00
650.00
420.00
416.00
320.00
637.00
150.00
320.00
140.00
490.00
,000.00
715. 00
333.00
2,267.00
998.20
5,721.84
973.00
3,677.50
1,019.80
303.50
505.00
1,124.35
883.76
518. (X
319.(X
2,576.58
1,346.43
2,021.91
2,326.00
9SO.00
3,364.04
610.05
793.70
328.50
1,239.00
467.40
1,245.79
1,145
764,
3,412
962.
1,010.
136,
932
1,267,
2,270
1,248,
1,810
528
1,694
353,
597
901.
1,084
1,290
103,
1,698,
3,470
532.00
1,086.00
703.50
552.85
1,250.00
65.00
361.00
251.00
272.00
48.00
330.50
464.00
512.50
850.50
741.00
151.05
326.00
219.00
1,056.50
528.50
470.40
1,025.00
335.50
291.00
700.00
136.00
378.00
266.60
43.45
564.00
302.00
416.00
720.50
598.00
692.50
491,00
1,078.50
217.00
831.91
430.75
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 83
COUNTY AND DISTRICT FAIRS IN IOWA IN 1922.
Receipts
Disbursements
§1
-o .2
426.28$
734.47
208.251
366.51
459.69
16,851.671
1,135.00
667.28
217.46
868.50
877.43
866.35
516.50
493.47
271.00
249.62
511.50
1,108.16
1,122.501
1,246.73|
1,657.30
928.50
700.64!
585.25
806.04)
1,252.98
1,247.15
3,497.92
1
50
2,423.53
2,698.00
3,450.32
5,096.40
1,342.95
593.35
1,167.50
879.00
830.50
467.45
754.48!
806.59!
456.00;
1,651.06
462.25
2,468.13
1,023.09
90.13
1,544.98
1,565.90
3,051.64
1,206.50
499.05
875.63
400.70
3,898.50
1,494.75
1,511.25
4,399.73
3,227.34
1,203.85
514.65
788.20
■2.5C0.94
8,871.36
6,150.72
8,221.25
10,367.79
12,547.14
61,495.42
6,176.16
16,625.18
4,127.88
11,934.20
4,808.08
12,394.85
8,272.50
8,668.77
9,278.25
10,209.86!
1,095.78
16,167.61
12,436.90
31,149.07
10,810.95
31,353.59
9,564.99
6,709.95
6,911.69
13,364.55
9,329.18
5,073.52
7,749.85
21,692.56
16,470.03
18,539.98
29,833.12
8,482.60
19,755.69
7,370.59
9,741.70
7,474.30
8,103.60
8,035.13
9,451.21
897.00
11,210.06
8,113.62;
9,478.59
9,319.82
4,664.58
9,802.571
14,697.73
17, 812. 46 '
11,098.55
13,045.061
5,679.15
18,522.33
7,375.30
8,870.45
12,143.21
13,540.29
12,139.80
4,286.80
15,050.65
36,042.64
2,456.05$
2,779.75
2,886.50
1,790.10
2,624.75
16,766.85 —
1,137.45
5,080.88!
2,316.20
5,031.55
2,608.25
3,271.50
2,675.75
3,198.25
3,268.21
2,029.90
730.35 —
3,953.45
2,787.75
7,422.10
2,527.60
6,714.95
2,917.75
2,594.85 —
3,110.25
3,386.65
3,406.05
1,368.00 —
3.649.65
3,100.30
2,529.75
4,533.30
6,858.50
2,936.55 —
3,645.45
3,417.05
2,957.00
3,498.05
1,637.00
3,597.52 —
2,517.75
500.00
3,904.45
2,906.85
5,076.60
2,207.00
2,032.20
1,372.00!
1,804.40
2,998.051
3,002.00
2,524.25
2,405.13
2,299.25
3,225.85
1,724.00
2.820.25
4,102 35
2,752.50
3,907.10
2,242.75—.
3.284.00
7,479.00
1,644.00
546.50
400.00
2,817.50
1,020.50
1 7935798
2,711.80
220.09
765.00
2,333.87
504.50
1,038.00
2,810.38
2,970.00
17787766
2,475.00
3,409.00
758.50
4,627.50
1,125.00
"~550"66
2,818.00
1,100.00
704.00
4,715.00
3,417.50
1,484.50
5,384.65
17613738
541.50
260.00
1,498.00
1,580.00
'17676750
1,479.50
5,102.00
3,053.00
2,381.25
112.50
1,985.00
3,193.00
4,600.00
435.00
158.75
2,485.50
3,167.33'
960.00
1,816.75
833.00
2,515.00
4,076.75
47446766
4,462.00
.a a
1,694.00
1,225.00
2,599.47
2,038.50
2,650.00
6,422.12
1,748.22
3,193.97
795.47
3,300.00
1,053.90
2,777.74
2,098.79
1,925.00!
2,310.00:
1,907.00!
17782 ~55 J
1,880.00
11,388.50
2,448.97'
3,854.74
3,107.50
1,629.50!
1,783.75!
2,428.41
1,825.00
1,734.90
2,150.00!
3,980.00
4,547.20
4,440.00
5,458.96
1,431.48
4,227.56
2,951.16
2,969.50
1,525.00
1,192.00
2,372.75
1,742.90
2,798.00
1,691.39
4,337.50
2,233.75
2,482.00
1,492.10
1,950.00
3,691.20
2,835.00
2,485.00
3,250.50
750.00
3,425.00
1,462.46
3,009.25
3,935.00
2,215.00
3,051.75
769.63
2,760.00
7,271.96
3,338.24
906.87
1,444.81
2,317.15
4,908.81
20,456.30
757.47
4,346.77
1,088.24
3,527.53
2,055.91
3,553.13
2,624.35
1,870.71
2,804.53
2,905.37
321.55
3,211.38
3,421.26
6,388.08
2,671.53
7,002.38
1,969.58
1,576.35
1,283.08!
4,822.19
825.00
1,404.10
1,266.02
4,334.46
3,910.26
4,298.27
9,525.67
2,445.86'
3,700.47)
2,637.611
2,272.07;
2,480.43!
2,433.43
2,091.31
2,689.12)
305.05
2,034.68
3,406.07
6,178.95
1,432.03
1,404.00
1,541.87
2,417.50
3,413.50
6,140.00
1,919.52
3,219.87
218.80
3,968.60
1,387.63
1,257.28
3,833.55
4,237.68
1,829.62
1.267.04
4,699.07
10,141.14
0
s
a
3
P.
©
<a m
« u
2§
* 3
fc^
O"-'
^
+ 1
9,132.29
5,458.12
7,330.78
8,963.25
11,204.06
43,645.27
5,579.12
15,333.42
4,420.00
260.93—
692.60+,
890.47+
1,404.54+
1,343.08+'
17,850.15+ i
597.04+
1,291.76+'
292.12—
12,624.08 689.88—
1G
5,718.06
909.98—
11
11,936.24
458.61 +
12
7,903.39
; 369.11 +
13
8,031.96
636.81+
14
11,193.12
1,914.87—
15
9,812.27
397.59+
16
1,051.90
43.88+
17
12,734.38
3,433.23+
IS
10,567.01
1,869.89+
19
28,607.68
2,541.39+
2<>
8,406.60
2,404.35 +
21
22,199.57
9,154.02 +
22
9,119.83
445.16 +
23
5,800.70
909.25+
24
6,727.08
184.61 +
25
13,455.25
90.70—
26
7,156.05
2,173.13+
27
4,507.00
566.52+
28
7,769.67
19.82—
29
16,129.76
5,562.80+
30
14,404.71
2,065.32+
SI
14,756.07
3,783.91 +
32
27,227.78
2,605.34 +
33
6,813.89
1,668.71+
34
13,186.86
6,568.83+
35
9,005.82
1,635.23—
36
8,740.07
1,001.63+
37
7,763.48
289.18—
3.S
6,760.43
1,343.17+
39
8.061.58
26.45—
4')
8,529.77
921.44 +
41
805.05
91.95+
42
10,407.63
802.43+
43
9,483.81
1,370.19—
44
20,695.05
2,298.63 +
45
8,925.78
552.81 +
46
8,299.45
1,020.37+
47
4,518.47
146.11 +
48
8,216.90
1,585.67+
49
13,295.75
1,401.98+
50
16,577.00
1,235.46 +
51
8,363.77
2,734.78+
52
11,034.25
2,010.81 + i
53
5,753.55
74.40—
54
13,786.78
4,735.55+
55
5,534.09
1,841.21 +
56
8,903.53
33.08—
57
12,703.90
560.69—!
58
11,720.18
1,820.11+
5!)
12,865.22
725.42—
60
4,279.42
7.38+
61
15,188.07
137.42-!
62
29,354.10]
6,688.54 +
63
84
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
TABLE NO.
County, City or Town
Receipts
Ticket Sales
e,2o
Marion, Knoxville
Marshall, Marshalltown (Fair).
Marshall, Marshalltown (Cong.)
Mills, Malvern
Mitchell, Osage
Monona, Onawa
Monroe, Albia
Muscatine, West Liberty
O'Brien, Sheldon
Page, Clarinda
Page, Shenandoah
Plymouth, Le Mars
Pocahontas, Fonda
Pottawattamie, Avoca
Poweshiek, Brooklyn
Poweshiek, Malcom
Sac, Sac City
Scott, Davenport
Shelby, Harlan
Sioux, Orange City
Story r Ames
Tama, Toledo .?--
Taylor, Bedford.
Van Buren, Keosauqua
Wapello, Eldon
Warren, Indianola
Wayne, Corydon
Webster, Fort Dodge
Winnebago, Forest City
Winneshiek, Decorah
Woodbury, Sioux City
Worth, Northwood
Totals 1922 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1921 (92 Fairs)
Totals 1920 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1919 (93 Fairs)—
Totals 1918 (89 Fairs)-
Totals 1917 (93 Fairs)
Totals 1916 (99 Fairs)
Totals 1915 (93 Fairs)
6,735.38
12,791.00
2,292.34
3,581.00
1,169.00
1,017.00.
7,000.00
5,058.00
1,860.60
6,359.15'
8,720.00!
7,074.25,
7,417.65
6.397.901
2,141.45
2,239.32
3,428.001
1,509.67
665.00
467.85
1,309.45
2,060.50
1,035.75
2,716.55
856.65
472.50!
370.00,
804.70
376.25
5,290.00
32,497.70
5,893.50
3,822.04
2,038.20
4,169.10
8,044.14
1,215.75
5,082.30
3,169.10
8,501.26
10,789.75
3,873.00
7,864.32
28,873.50
2,105.85
566,237.72
$ 555,322.18
$ 699,434.82
$ 567,273.53
10.25
1,905.00
23,294.75
1,517.55
330.40
53.50
829.70
1,473.50
616.00
3,371.11
2,352.78
9,177.00
1,350.45
852.30
15,521.50
144.70
14.00
840.50
525.00
1,335.89
2,853.45
35.00
1,271.90
843.96
328.63
1,139.00
1,848.00
1,736.50
1,455.15
1,700.77
178.85
1,231.90
853.89
320.00
808.001
534.64!
450.00:
490.00
727.44
550.00
1,570.00
113.90
1,023.00
8,469.55
1,553.53
1,029.89
409.67
,082.92
,405.82
201.00
,146.86
,367.38
,645.75
,195.09
,010.50
76
13,426.31
231.00
861.90
"iiBToo
200.00
248.00
430.00
178.50
96.20
130.00
435.00
168.00
172.00
1,465.25
729.00
99.20
158.50
146.40
$ 188.361.39 $31,617.62
$ 187,215.42 $37,976.47
$ 235,512.76
$ 3S2.947.45
$ 435,182.48
$ 382,555.23
$ 308,720.82
$ 143,263.03
$ 74,
$ 87,948.12
$38,610.63
$28,599.29
$42,755.30
?45,17£
$ 77,470.19 $47,204.11
$ 138,316.45
$ 130,755.54
$ 157,483.50
$ 111,695.16
$ 64,419.02
$ 80,282.03
$ 71,984.26
$ 56,650.00 $37,242.95$ 58,592.11
520.00
75.00
968.70
1,586.00
$29,946.86
$30,290.63
$37,186.51
?24,865.20
2,000.00
2,000.00
1,617.60
1,842.90
1,491.14
1,197.42
1,957.95
2,000.00
2,000.00
2,000.00
2,000.00
993.02
1,951.59
2,000.00
989.00
866.53
2,000.00
2,000.00
2,000.00
1,157.45
2,000.00
2,000.00
1,451.56
1,047.38
1,477.60
2,000.00
2,000.00
2,000.00
1,839.87
2,000.00
2,000.00
1,033.00
$ 168,062.33
$ 157,690.90
113,013.24
$ 90,508.50
$ 51,048.36
$ 54,817.24
$ 56.870.67
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
I — Continued.
85
Receipts
Disbursements
'3
l!
9"
O
00
£S
P.
1
M
$
!l
CO JV
as
3 H
s
0
1
ft
m
a
•c.2
§1
si
o
o
OQ
P
ft
f 1
0J
"2 **
_ 03
«5
g
su
at -4->
0 S3
c a
21
S
I H
PH
m
3
S
Ei
+ 1
'A
3,289.86
17,684.37
4,200.80
4,018.60
2,907.00
5,545.74
16,672.14
1,012.23+
«
1,005.65
1 23,248.10
5,352.05
5,376.40
4,551.90
8,618.41
23,898.76
650.66—
65
819.00
2,916.60
2,196.00
792.25
2,988.25
71.65—
66
515.70
12,612.67
2,571.50
3,097.50
3,348.50
1,954.96
10,972.46
1,610.21+
67
328.90
8,957.00
1,987.35
1,891.00
1,993.00
2,304.50
8,175.85
781.15+
68
243.CH:
4,345.50
1,567.75
745.00
924.05
1,046.04
4,282.84
62.66+
m
1,387.70
12,597.25
2,763.25
2,284.00
2,411.25
2,031.29
9,489.79
3,107.46+
70
1,5(59.07
17,216.57
6,419.25
4,375.55
3,091.46
2,238.82
16,125.08
1,091.49+
71
456.10
12,923.80
2,986.50
3,522.75
2,830.00
3,626.93
12,966.18
42.38—
:-i
3,338.72
17,058.07
3,685.45
1,510.00
6,140.00
4,239.46
15,574.91
1,483.16+
73
1,443.47
12,398.79
5,005.10
1.035.00
4,412.50
3,498.85
13,951.45
1,552.66—
74
1,793.41
5,541.73
1,320.00
2,945.98
1,836.25
5,541.73
7,341.90
75
60.00
5,847.81
2,752.65
985.00
1,768.00
1,494.09—
76
980.02
8,446.61
3,161.85
2,152.50
1,775.00
1,910.26
8,999.171
553.00—
77
730.95
1,719.95
1,270.00
200.00
186 97
1 656 97
62.98+
184.78+
1,669.32+
78
846.02
2,380.95
13,836.90
1,095.10
459 00
642 07
2,196.17
12,167.58
79
2,867.40
3,224.05
2,759.28
2,923.00
3,261.25
80
10,981.58
81,467.83
12,922.80
13,813.91
15,833.53
40,415.29
82,985.53
1,517.70—
81
2,891.91
13,856.49
2,872.40
2,930.00
2,800.00
2,285.34
10,887.74
2,968.75+
82
184.85
7,573.63
l,510.65i 2,300.00
1,770.00
2,244.72
7,825.37
251.74—
83
1,564.50
6,065.87
2,866.80 100.00
1,996.10
1,150.73
6,113.63
47.76—
84
959.79
9,849.51
3,174.50 3,570.75
1,274.00
3,9S8.90
12,008.15
2,158.64—
So
75.00
13,083.86
1,930.80 3,284.66
3,449.16
3,285.29
11,949.91
1,133.95+
S6
326.95
2,949.58
1,353.40
393.00
836.44
2,582.84
366.74+
87
230.94
9,200.10
1,968.001 2,591.41
1.806.46
1,861.47
8,227.34
972.76+
88
224.25
10,131.84
2,929.75 1,188.00
2,594.24
1,305.61
8,017.60
2,114.24 +
89
664.77
16,174.56
3,790.95 4,086.28
2,722.97
3,162.83
13,763.03
2,411.53+
90
1,646.00
27,610.28
5,571.50
4,127.91
10,235.07
13,141.73
33,076.21
5,465.93—
91
585.80
9,628.32
2,566.45
1,047.00
2,146.00
1,507.13
7,266.58
2,361.74+
92
582.50
14,785.88
3,207.00
2,050.00
2,985.00
3,198.60
11,440.60
3,345.28+
93
10,065.69
73,043.00
13,355.85
8,124.49
14,945.00
32,307.11
68,732.45
4,310.55+
94
484.00
3,998.55
1,332.90
1,087.59
666.87
3,087.36
911.19+
95
150,211.49
$ 1,272,753.86$ 323,217.69
$ 197,465.47
$ 276,580.78
$ 362,182.19
$ 1,159,446.13
$ 136,144.30+
$ 22,836.57—
176,550.90
$ 1,275,802.04
$ 299,380.79
$ 216,742.83
$ 317,923.38
$ 389,025.66
$ 1,223,072.66
$ 108,234.87+
55,505.49—
$ 219,922.31 +
143,224.76
$ 1,417,604.46
$ 243,702.97
$ 218,592.11
$ 328,703.97
$ 424,032.41
$ 1,215,161.47
17,479.32—
88,885.40
$ 1,055,089.14
$ 174,633.07
$ 176,905.35
$ 252,546.57
$ 269,183.01
$ 873,268.00
$ 199,680.55+
17,859.41—
$ 65,493.09+
73,532.88
$ 689,469.02
$ 129,306.75$ 146,034.34
$ 161,763.18
$ 214,838.45
$ 651,942.72
27,966.79—
$ 122,791.34+
59,797.89
$ 763,207.69
$ 137,226.48$ 148,359.47
$ 159,441.51
$ 206,611.35
$ 651,638.81
11,222.46—
$ 93,132.24+
67,259.95
$ 703,344.41
$ 144,703.25
% 149,285.42
$ 151,242.79
$ 181.638.68
$ 626,870.14
16,657.97—
'
$ 62,230.80+
55,643.78
$ 564,935.64
$ 117,439.10
$ 127,951.22
$ 115,227.34
$ 160,982.24
? 521,599.90
18,895.06—
86 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
TABLE NO. 2.— FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF COUNTY
County, City or Town
Receipts
"3(3
g oa
M
Adair, Greenfield
Adams, Corning-
Allamakee, Waukon
Audubon, Audubon
Benton, Vinton
Black Hawk, Waterloo—
Boone, Ogden
Bremer, Waverly
Buchanan, Aurora
Buchanan, Independence-
Buchanan, Jesup
Buena Vista, Alta
Butler, Allison
Calhoun, Manson
Calhoun, Rockwell City—
Carroll, Carroll
Carroll, Coon Rapids
Cass, Atlantic
Cedar, Tipton
Cerro Gordo, Mason City.
Chickasaw, Nashua
Clay, Spencer—
Clayton, Elkader
Clayton, National
Clayton, Strawberry Pt...
Clinton, De Witt
Crawford, Arion
Crawford, Schleswig
Dallas, Perry
Davis, Bloomfield
Decatur, Leon
Delaware, Manchester
Des Moines, Burlington-
Dubuque, Dyersville
Payette, West Union
Premont, Hamburg
Greene, Jefferson —
Grundy, Grundy Center. _.
Guthrie, Guthrie Center...
Hamilton, Webster City-
Hancock, Britt
Hardin, Ackley
Hardin, Eldora
Harrison, Missouri Valley
Henry, Mt. Pleasant
Henry, Winfield
Humboldt, Humboldt.
Ida, Ida Grove
Jackson, Maquoketa
Jasper, Newton
Jefferson, Pairfield
Jones, Anamosa —
Jones, Monticello
Keokuk, What Cheer
Kossuth, Algona
Lee, Donnellson
Lee, West Point.
Linn, Central City
Linn, Marion
Louisa, Columbus Jet
Lucas, Derby
Lyon, Rock Rapids
Mahaska, Oskaloosa
386.27
1,392.61
2,601.67
16,114.15
163.30
870.23
2,606.35
81.35
306.09
444.78
13.56
2,326.99
1,204.20
59.50
61.81
300.26
1,879.46
410.67
1,515.86
484.32
"_92?32
1,022.72
1,821.74
449.34
522.35
1,917.67
1,819.12
1,170.67
2,222.29
8,871.36
6,150.72
8,221.25
10,367.79
12,547.14
61,495.42;
6,176.16
16,625.18
4,127.88|
11,934.201
4,808.08;
12,394.85
8,272.50
8,668.77
9,278.25
10,209.86
1,095.78
16,167.61
12,436.90
31,149.07
10,810.95
31,353.59
9,564.99
6,709.95
6,911.69
13,364.5a
9,325.18
5,073.52
7,749.85
21,692.56
16,470.03
18,539.98
29,833.12
8,482.60
19,755.69
7,370.59
9,741.70
7,474.30
8,103.60
8,035.13
9,451.21
897.00
11,210.06
8,113.62
22,993.68)
9,478.59:
9,319.82
4,664 58
9,802.57,
14,697.73
17,812.46
11,098.55
13,045.06
5,679.15
18,522.33:
7,375.30
8,870.45
12,143.21
13,540.29
12,139.80
4,286.80
15,050.65
36,042.64
2,019.47
3,610.05
4,787.48
452.27
677.00
2,210.00
1,186.55]
7,610.00;
2,500.00
4,200.00
1,356.78
"""566" 00
175.00
1,764.55
3,105.60
5,547.92
2,150.00
106.10
1,090.13
2,700.00
9,550.37
14,380.11
50.00
2,586.79
l,509.15i
2,000.00]
247.50
3,400.00
3,180.00
2,300.00
1,079.21
i'ioo.oo
4,107.01'
665.00
1,089.58,
I
1,200.00
857~§i
525.00
5,527.65
1,100.00
T945T24'
9,257.63
6,150.72
10,329.41
11,760.40
18,758.86
82,397.05
6,628.43
17,465.48
7,208.11
14,540.55
6,075.98
20,310.94
11,217.28
8,682.33
15,805.24
12,770.84
1,155.28
16,729.42
12,912.16
34,793.08
11,221.62
35,975.05
15,112.91
9,344.27
7,017.79
14,547.00
12,029.18
5,073.52
9,343.48
22,715.28
26,020.401
34,741.83!
29,833.12!
8,981.94!
22,864.83
7,370.59!
11,659.37
10,802.57;
9,274.27'
12,257.42;
9,698.71
1,317.451
16,447.64
11,870.59
25,590.29
9,485.85
10,399.03
4,683.95
14,150.55
15,522.37
22,034.47
11,763.55
14,886.72
5,679.15
19,722.33
7,600.17
9,727.76
14,434.49
14.159.2S
17,667.45
5,776.91
17.813.2J
44,765.20
9,132.29
5,458.12
7,330.78
8,963.25
11,204.06
43,645.27
5,579.12
15,333.42
4,420.00
12,624.08
5,718.06
11,936.24
7,903.39
8,031.96
11,193.12
9,812.27
1,051.90
12,734.38
10,567.01
28,607.68
8,406.60
22,199.57
9,119-83
5,800.70
6,727.08
13,455.25
7,156.05
4, 507. CO
7,769.67
16,129.76
14,404.71
14,756.07
27,227.78
6,813.89
13,186.86
9,005.82
8,740.07
7.763.48
6,760.43
8,061.58
8,529.77
805.05
10,407.63
9,483.81
20,695.05
8,925.78
8,299.45
4,518.47
8,216.90
13,295.75
16,577.00
8,363.77
11,034.25
5,753.55
13,786.78
5,534.09
8,903.53
12,703.90
11,720.18
12,865.22
4,279.42
15,188.07
29,354.10
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
AND DISTRICT FAIRS RECEIVING STATE AID IN 1922.
87
Disbursements
"2 ftp.
O ea
o> 2
2a J
3 & H
Balance or Overdraft
.
iH
IH
> .
>
o
O
[Zi
^j
t3
O
Q (M
^8
<UC5
03 rl
n
O
Assets and Liabilities
C co
p ci)
o a
1,290.00
2,468.73
10,216.
1,17/. 82
564.09
800.00
151
6,552.86
2,000.00
574.20
2,000.00
710.95
6,649.46
4,087.79
419.84
1,006
1,000.00
6,809.49
347.09
780.45
202.76
461.00
2,616.78
1,000.00
100.00
4,220.88
680.00
682.27
1,132.86
200.00
2,000.00
525.00
426.00
1,517.78
200.00
157.25
692.60
2,998.63
636.05
2,327.39
8.0S5.42
529.10
1,061.02
1,039.96
70.72
1,766.74
237.24
496.79
600.88
2,621.17
1,270.07
2,210.65
4,640.97
2,746.39
2,698.69
2,149.64
2,936.00
60.30
671.91
4,873.13
766.77
1,214.69
4,622.89
18,370.52
1,711.27
1,406.40
3,301.55
1,303.38
1,010.90
422.31
597.01
3,171.95
1,000.19
1,933.91
1,811.92
4,016.36
493.20
1,014.00
2,203.00
3,659.38
3,375.00
1,560.02
2,099.031
416.18!
6,271.63
2,059.70
808.03
1,730.59
1,458.20
7,628.23
1,195.11
1,660.27
7,061.54
9,289.54 _..
6,150.72 —
10,329.41
10,889.30$
16,000. 18|
61,947.65
7,286.04
16,958.53
6,259.96
12,624.08
5,940.38
20,255.84
10,140.63!
9,102.95...
13,794.00
12,433.44
1,051.90
14,004.45
12,777.66
33,959.60
11,152.99,
31,547.72!
15,357.26 —
8,736.70
6,787.38
14,547.00 —
12,029.18 —
4,507.00:
9,542.87 ...
18,344.45
25,837.09
33,473.68
29,719.50
8,423.05
16,488.41
10,309.20
10,211.97
10,802.57 —
8,357.44,
11,233.53
9,629.96
805.05
16,562.42
11,975.73 ...
25,393.68
9,418.98
9,313.45
4.518.47
ll.i52.76
17 155.13 —
21 952.00
11,448.791
15,559.28'
6,169.73! —
21.576.19__.
7,793.79 —
9,711.56
14,434.49 ...
13,178.38
20,493.45 ...
5,474.53,
16,848.34
36,415.64
31.91
871.10
2,758.68
20,449.40
""506795
948.15
1,916.47
135.60
55.10
1,076.6.3
2,011-24
337.40
103. 33
2,724.97
134.50
833.48
68.63
4,427.33
607.57
230.41
566.52
4,370.83
183.31
1,268.15
113.62
558.89
6,376.42
1,447.40
916.83
1,023. 89
512.40
196.61
66.87
1,085. 58
165.48
2,597.79
82.47
1,314.76
1,327.44
16.20
302.38
964.95
8,349.56
657.61
420.62
244.35
199. 3S
2,938.61
114.78
105.14
1,632.76
490.58
1,853.86
193.62
2,826.00
50,000. (X
40,000.00
43,507.6*
25,000.0
110,000.0
20,000.0
12,500.0
12,000.0<
20,000.0 I
9,000.0-
275.0
60,000.0
40,000.0
80,000.0
55,000.0
75,000.0
30,000.0
75,000.0
17,000.0
25,000.0
12,000.0
27, 500. 0<
29,000.00,
20,000.00
6,150.
10,500.
15,500.
12,092
5,000
4,150
8,000
6,390
500
17,000.00 29
7,220.00 ~
40,166.66
10,000.00
43,240.00
12,000.00
30,000.00
50,000.00
60,000.00
20,000.00
40,000.00
7,603.64 36
5,000.00 37
3,886.36 38
3.5OO.0O. SJ
40
6.8G8.54 41
150'. 00 42
6,200.00
3,180.00
6,300.00
8,624.95
7,850.00
20,000.00
50,000.00
35,000.00
35,000.00
31,000.00
20,000.00
50,000.00
8,000.00
11,000.00
16,000.00!
20,000.00
20,000. OO1
6,ooo.oo;
50,ooo.oc;
150,000.00
6,000
7,000
29,150
12,000
5,774
3,700
1,200
200
7,820
9,000
8,722
10,000
3,500
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00 54
.00 55
.00 56
.00 57
.001 58
.14 59
.00 60
.00 61
42,000.00 63
88 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
TABLE NO.
•a
Receipts
a
u
03
County, City or Town
• a
0
as
O
CO
O
S3
8
co
CO 5
co oj*^
0
Q>
.0
a
O
»s e
P
|
03
"S 3 =2
a>
03
0
§ OB
O
EH
Pi
X
Marion, Knoxville
Marshall, Mar'llt'n (Fair)..
Marshall, Mar'llt'n (Con.).
Mills, Malvern
Mitchell, Osage
Monona, Onawa -
Monroe, Albia
Muscatine, West Liberty —
O'Brien, Sheldon
Page, Clarinda
Page, Shenandoah
Plymouth, LeMars
Pocahontas, Fonda
Pottawattamie, Avoca —
Poweshiek, Brooklyn
Poweshiek, Malcom
Sac, Sac City
Scott, Davenport
Shelby, Harlan
Sioux, Orange City
Story. Ames
Tama, Toledo
Taylor, Bedford
Van Buren, Keosauqua...
Wapello, Eldon
Warren, Indianola
Wayne, Corydon
Webster, Fort Dodge
Winnebago, Forest City—
Winneshiek, Decorah
Woodbury, Sioux City— _
Worth, Northwood
Totals 1922 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1921 (92 Fairs)—
Totals 1920 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1919 (93 Fairs)
Totals 1918 (89 Fairs)
Totals 1917 (93 Fairs)
Totals 1916 (99 Fairs)
Totals 1915 (93 Fairs)
842.79
2,239.98
1,591.94
475.10
286.66
178.64
290.38
1,618.33
17,684.37
2,915.91
1,213.15
286.56
525.71
.15
290.94
2,130.10
1,279.04
2,329.51
834.69
2,733.52
588.14
767.93
6.52
1,276.18
23,248.10
2,916.601
12,612.67
8,957.00
4,345.50
12,597.25
17,216.57
12,923.80
17,058.07
12,398.79
5,541.73
5,847.81
8,446.61
1,719.95
2,380.95
13,836.90
81,467.83
13,856.49
7,573.63
6,065.87
9,849.51
13,083.86
2,949.58
9,200.10
10,131.84
16,174.56
27,610.28
9,628.32
14,785.88
73,043.00
3,998.55
500.00
4,229.00
1,875.00
1,301.50
200.00
266.74
1,770.00
4,253.51
81.75
3,143.83
18,746.75
9,875.45
34.11
200.00
23,711.43
422.45
2,761.52
4,700.00
608.61
1,950.00
11,475.00
1,274.44
2,571.75
15,407.02
985.36
947.50
32,592.35
19,027.16
29,717.08
6,383.54
14,389.27
9,443.66
4,790.88
14,657.63
23,088.41
13,005.55
23,117.81
32,358.69
5,541.73
6,134.37
18,847.77
1,754.21
2,671.89
16,167.00
106,458.30
16,186.00
7,996.08
8,827.39
15,384.20
16,425.99
4,899.58
20,675.10
11,994.42
18,746.31
43,017.30
11,381.61
15,739.90
105,563.35
5,274.73
16,672.14
23,898.76
2,988.25
10,972.46
8,175.85
4,282.84
9,489.79
16,125.08
12,966.18
15,574.91
13,951.45
5,541.73
7,341.90
8,999.61
1,65697
2,196.17
12.167.5S
82,985.53
10,887.74
7,825.37
6,113.63
12,008.15
11,949.91
2,582.84
8,227.34
8,017.60
13,763.03
33,076.21
7,266.58
11,440 60
68,732.45
3,087.36
$ 85,690.36 $1,272,753.86 $257,627.52 $1,616,071.74 $1,159,446.13
$130,191.35 $1,275,802.04
$247,559.48$!, 653,552. 87'$!, 223,072. 66
$148,868.66 $1,417,604.46 $662,613.45 $2,229,024.33 $1,215,161.47
$ 65,144.96 $1,055,089.14 $230,507.56 $1,350,741.66 $ 873,268.00
$73,010.80$ 689,469.02 $112,233.60$ 874,713.42$ 651,942.72
51,620.20$ 763,207.69 $182,706.77$ 942,717.42
$48,355.73$ 703,344.41 $194,738.86 $ 889,568.33
$ 36,480.71
$ 564,935.64 $188,684.12$ 742,014.00
$ 651,638.81
$ 626,870.14
$ 521, 599. J
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 89
2 — Continued.
Disbursements
Balance or
Overdraft
i
CO
> «
a
i-H
O OQ
»"3
a
I-H.
>
g£
q£
CO
>
o
o
*>.2
£>2
8 -S
£2
.2
-3
o
ON
03
T3«
§g«
aftpl
Jsi
03
O
"SrH
0> OJ
O
Assets and Liabilities
Q co
P 60
tc'^
03 «
r>
1,855.02
500.00
4,129.49
50.00
1,835.63
840.02
298. 9 J
1,114.32
2,799.54
773.83
2,148.70
1,325.76
19,027.16
28,028.25
4,238.25
13,951.74
9,015.87
4,581.74
12,737.71
21,088.41
13,953.16
20,323.61
30,061.90
5,541.73
16,116.90
18,596.71
1,656.97
2,461.25
14, 133.4z
104,797.10
13,846.79
8,262.66
9,258.50
15,603.87
13,281.75
2,768.84
19,126.41
10,496.94
17,572.12
43,017.30
11,381.61
15,676.49
114,043.26
4,631.76
1,688.83
2,145.^9
437.53
427.79
209.14
1,919.92
2,000.00
2~794~20
2,296.73
55,000.00
66,000.00
32,454.03
5,000.00
6t
1,200. GO
1,143.65
m
35,000.00
21,000.00
18,000.00
5,500.00
24,000.00
50,000.00
11,000.00
18,000.00
9,500.00
2,100.00
5,000.00
3,200.00
4,217.67
11,592.78
3,143.83
9,536.75
07
(i,S
2,133.60
70
2,163.79
213.15
2,600.00
14,784.75
""947761
71
72
73
74
75
8,775.00
1,547.10
9,982.53
25,000.00
20,000.00
10,000.00
10,000.00
25,000.00
515,118.64
20,000.00
15,000.00
5iOOO.Ou
25,000.00
13,000.00
180.00
15,000.01
25,000.00
40,000.00
300,000.00
16,000.00
25,000.00
250,000.00
10,000.00
10,000.00
7,050.00
4,000.00
5,500.00
10,900.00
305,230.63
76
8,050.00
251.06
97.24
210. 6 ±
2,03i.5S
1,661.20
2,339. zl
77
7rt
265.08
615.84
13,774.91
2,192.30
237.25
920. 21
3,595.72
1,334.84
186.00
10,899.07
1,491.20
510.40
9,941.09
2,643.19
3,088.39
16,489.78
1,544.40
79
1,350.00
R0
8,036.61
81
766.75
ffl
200.00
2,224.67
266.54
431.11
219.67
7,625.00
3,800.00
11,500.00
83
81
85
3,141.2.
2,130.74
1,548.69
1,497.48
1,174.19
Pfi
1,500.00
1,800.00
7,390.40
9,504.02
127,442.01
7,196.52
4,400.00
8,'
88
988.14
m
3,298.69
<;n
91
1,471.84
Bfl
1,147.50
63.41
98
28,821.03
8,407.91
<M
642.97
95
$ 148,022.28
$ 234,801.84
$1,542,270.25
$ 105,766.09
$ 31,964.60
$ 3,896,645.60
$ 1,133,326.58
$ 106,042.12
$ 286,033.04
$1,615,148.22
$ 88,755.98
$ 50,351.33
$ 4,009,734.58
$ 1,076,848.45
$ 85,518.32
$ 780,968.36
$2,087,978.15
$ 162,332.03
$ 21,285.85
$ 4,514,599.19
$ 901,367.79
$ 78,517.22
$ 236,534.13
$1,188,319.35
$ 168,859.40
$ 6,437.09
$ 2,707,269.95
$ 459,163.99
$ 36,761.22
$ 121,950.89
$ 810,654.83
$ 83,904.10
$ 19,845.57
$ 1,906,203.86
$ 326,280.74
$ 85,592.90
$ 96,464.95
$ 833,696.66
$ 114,718.13
$ 5,697.37
$ 1,629,082.99
$ 320,743.84
$ 71,687.90
$ 138,269.99
$ 836,828.03
$ 74,341.91
$ 21,601.61
$ 1,588,885.00
$ 261,155.40
$ 39,156.93
$ 102,102.92
$ 688,291.21
$ 63,491.98
$ 9,769.19
$ 988,128.44
$ 267,299.26
90
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
TABLE NO. 3— TOTAL NUMBER OF EXHIBITORS, NUMBER EXHIBITORS
SHEEP AND POULTRY ON EXHIBITION AND
County, City or Town
Horses
(
M
H
J=>
Si
5"°
T3
T3
n
£3
0> O
-Q
,Q
«t-i
•+-( +J +J
P.
o
o«a
BO
^23
ft
a
3
fn
fit
XJS-g
■Q
X)
|
|«p.
3
a
a
3
fc
«
iZ5
Pn
ft
Cattle
Swine
Adair, Greenfield _.
Adams, Corning
Allamakee, Waukon
Audubon, Audubon
Benton, "Vinton
Black Hawk, Waterloo
Boone, Ogden
Bremer, Waverly .
Buchanan, Aurora
Buchanan, Independence
Buchanan, Oesup
Buena Vista, Alta
Butler, Allison
Calhoun, Manson
Calhoun, Rockwell City
Carroll, Carroll
Carroll, Coon Rapids
Cass, Atlantic
Cedar, Tipton
Cerro Gordo, Mason City...
Chickasaw, Nashua
Clay, Spencer
Clayton, Elkader
Clayton, National
Clayton, Strawberry Point..
Clinton, De Witt
Crawford, Arion
Crawford, Schleswig .
Dallas, Perry
Davis, Bloomfield
Decatur, Leon
Delaware, Manchester
Des Moines, Burlington
Dubuque, Dyersville
Fayette, West Union. .
Fremont, Hamburg
G'reene, Jefferson
Grundy, Grundy Center
Guthrie, Guthrie Center
Hamilton, Webster City...
Hancock, Britt
Hardin, Ackley
Hardin, Eldora
Harrison, Missouri Valley.
Henry, Mt. Pleasant. _
Henry, Winfield
Humboldt. Humboldt
Ida, Ida Grove
Jackson, Maquoketa
Jasper, Newton
Jefferson, Fairfield. _
Jones, Anamosa
Jones. Monticello
Keokuk, What Cheer
Kossuth. Aleona
Lee, Donnellson
Lee. West Point
Linn, Central City __.
Linn, Marion
Louisa, Columbus Junction
Lucas, Derby
Lvon. Rock'Raoids
Mahaska, Oskaloosa
330
244
Too
275
841
125
674
421
32D
301
218
641
150
481
520
657
181
837
350
205
241
746
305
416
484
260
272
605
521
464
498
816
354
361
44
1^
64
3<;r,
80
221
92
225
65
403
98
307
73
505
190
116
77
147
50
285
105
20V.
75
220
112
478
246
277
75
191
50
165
86
986
121
257
64
85
41
368
143
440
115
236
106
289
84
320
112
862
130
70$
57
42
271
40
114
87
75
71
26
42
52
51
118
76
65
108
23:j
12
105
80
104
136
116
41
61
79
201
13
266
71
187
76
238
101
60
106
41
70
83
126
114
111
115
148
78
282 112
106
64
292.50
177.00
105.00
350.001
428.00
5,264.10
207.00
707.50
108.00!
402.00
227.00
75.50
186.50
247.50
347.00
43.00
419.20
617.00
322.00
396.50
509.00
214.00
201.00
239.00
232.00
121.00
122.50
320.00
737.00
800.50
285.00
500.00
328.50
612.50
115.00
352.00
263.25
192.50
255.00
4C
96
149
6S
115
607
46
246
106
138
103
151
166
73
298.00
310.00
896.00
344.00
500.00
156.50
217.00
135.00
298.00
325.00
341.50
413.00
446.00
288.00
425.00
201.50
272.00
299.50
463.25
,073.00
LSI
78
300
138
224
126
125
125
59
100
136
96
112
51
426
174
104
310
98
54
133
24
110
96
14
186
128
240
62
40
48
17S
87
202
117
94
70
74
206
164
120
69
1«1
150
360.00
596.50
893.00
576.00
820.00
9,489.59
159.00
2,158.48
713.00
2,278.00
1,017.00
795.00
1,035.00
1,136.00
1,096.00
811.50
1,000.20
616.00
2,649.00
955.00
2,964.00
687.00
835.00
1,640.00
457.00'
660.00
497.00;
634.00
703.00
508.50
1,882.00
1,512.00
883.50
1,174.50
900.50
554.00
1,008.00
180.95
654.50
587.00
32.00
994.00
880.00
1,313.00
443.00
292.00|
253.00
724.00
336.00
1,189.00
705.00
1,482.63
897.50
586.00
457.00
919.50
2,393.00
1,291.00
1,440.00
274.50
1,256.00
1,824.00
67
281
248
615
281
fco'7
243
631
561
210
50
807
206
960
230
,120
564
189
170
454
514
202
397
161
177
505
234
457
628
199
500
294
51
600
440
451
123
200
365
254
660
29S
216,
191
201
159
102
556.50
565.00
762.00
296.00
594.00
455.00
939.25
540.50
1,495.00
659.00
1,399.00
455.00
888.50
850.00
449.00
348.00
1,371.00
441.00
1,279.00
489.00
1,844.00
1,080.50
368.00
544.50
1,202.50
1,214.00
471.00
1,674.00
712.00
677.00
1,533.00
1,129.00
1,349.00
1,164.00
731.00
1,145.00
987.00
625.00
1,375.00
928.00
37.50
838.00
912.00
860.00
617.00
286.45
474.00
242.40
682.00
780.00
829.00
398.00
561.00
307.00
179.00
695.00
700.00
531.00
1,072.00
292.00
808.50
1,929.00
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
91
IN LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT, NUMBER OF HORSES,
AMOUNT OF PREMIUMS PAID IN EACH DIVISION.
CATTLE, SWINE,
Sheep
Poultry and Pet
Stock
Premiums Paid
-d a
60 P<
77.00
172.00
243.00
71.00
38.00
268.00
53.00
99.00
39.00
118.00
91.00
141.90
194.00
468.00
32.50
69.00
84.00
135.50
42.00
131.00
8.00
266.00
247.50
10.00
104.50
503.00
234.00
58.50
370.00
336.00
49.40
160.00
77.00
120.00
62.00
334.00
293.50
35.00
78.00
53.25
173.00
82.50
68.00
224.00
46.00
489.00
60.00
126.50
106.00
357.00
64.00
147. 0C
539
791
260
174
220
1,178
15
447
799
941
399
251
733
463
255
348
312
1,007
280
175
385
420
90
45
400
147
1,100
165
321
302
467
604
737
263
587
770
402
652
172
474
178
300
500
287
582
248
256
150
124
590
446
360
103
274
448
132
33
412
406
660
248
287
1,000
192.75$
557.50
272.00'
42.60
54.75
300.00
11.00
146.05
385.50
350. 00 |
174.50
128.50
311.75
117.70
105.25
164.00
139.45
190.50
133.75
100.25
93.55
217.75
47.75
40.25
150.00
94.00
38.10
67.50'
60.40
186.25
121.00
176.20
394.77
150.50
197.50
481.00
74.75
213.70
46.25
273.00
62.50
44.801
173.75
73.00
295.25
146.00
45.75
50.00
38.00
228.00
2?0.00
116.75
79.00
154.00
161.50
59.50
31.00
211.00
100.50
417.50
137.50
94.00
239.15
70.35$
169.00
74.50
242.30
183.251
53.25
9.25
137.10
138.25
60.00
182.00
67.75
144.35
127.75
156.75
12.25
76.00
296.50
74.00
295.90
61.50
254.25
35.70
75.00
71.00
96.00
121.15
114.00;
97.25
60.50
79.25
79.50
1,103.75
238.50
99.50
98.50
228.00
77.75
231.491
180.50
150.25
253.00.
141.50
121.25
161.25
46.25
175.00
101.00
73.13
215.90
129.80
58. 50
117.50
37. 75 1
206.50
?0.50
1.75
85.00
21.00
50.801
140.00
213.00
864.75
$ 40.65
$ 103.80$ 123. 5o
$ 207.00
$ 432.00
41.50
72.75
76.50
160.00
192.00
74.50
137.00
133.75
125.25
66.50
62.60
89.50
86.10
45.00
32.00
50.75
38 75
352.25
684.23
44.15
975.68
9.25
67.10
137.70
111.80
153.05
263.75
* 85.90
110.00
118.25
31.50
87.75
127.45
13.00
14.20
94.55
126.05
112.75
24 00
173 00
71.75
41.00
37.25
67 50
115.25
585.75
46 40
115. 95
111.00
270 50
47.40
186.30
202.50
180.75
63.85
71.75
118.75
306.50
98.21
27.75
29 95
119.95
372.50
32.40
43.50
76.25
114.75
238.40
104.75
80.90
127.75
159.35
40.50
303.50
129.05
317.05
378.00
1,306.50
177.35
78 00
78 75
165.25
177.55
16.75
150 95
205.75
483.50
72.95
120 50
161.10
498.25
288.50
97.75
111.10
250.25
244.00
48.00
93.25
133.50
35.00
20.50
229.00
253.00
429.00
337.15
15.00
44.85
68.50
122.45
616.00
269.00
27.00
12.50
19.00
29.50
86.00
155.25
298.00
49.25
9.50
60.25
34.75
134.50
168.45
56.10
109.78
80.27
90.45
53.00
232.75
240.35
394 47
271.41
1,049.60
165.30
30.50
124.75
71.95
25.00
12.00J
74.75
258.25
50.25
98.25
331.50
55.05
—
178.25
202.00
90.00
107.50
120.00
178.50
117.60
30.11
106.62
89.95
12.26
1.72
163.25
144.90
123.85
259.00
71.02
74.25
160.25
132.70
91.45
133.00
30.50
60.00
101 25
273.00
873.50
90.25
91.75
91.75
263.60
11.25
132.50
153.30
422.55
204.75
304.00
53.75
88.25
156.50
18.75
50.00
197.00
149.50
114.50
187.00
11.50
87.50
32.75
205.75
37.73
186.89
236.72
30.53
46.50
146.00
365.75
670.65
119.00
50 00
45 ?0
117.00
63.00
97.75
55.25
191.50
14.50
92.75
73.no
147.75
70 50
1^7 75
01 . 25
143.50
253 On
396.50
401 . 60
133.25
56.50
156.75
142.00
140.75
8.75
57.00
322.25
8.00
53 50
63.70
104.00
111 15
20.75
132.00
224.25
101.00
1 62 75
276.05
7.oo
2.00
80.85
20970
93.40
350.30
8.00
50.25
132.00
70.25
109.50
15.25
136.75
209.75
530.25
525.35
J
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
TABLE NO.
County, City or Town
H
^
n
s <&
-Q
X2T3
T3
w o
s
O
Hi
-Q
,o~£
■Q
a
S«5
a
3
a
!z;
fe
£
Horses
Cattle
Swine
Marion, Knoxville
Marshall, Marshalltown (Pair)..
Marshall, Marshalltown (Cong.)
Mills, Malvern
Mitchell, Osage
Monona, Onawa
Monroe, Albia
Muscatine, West Liberty
O'Brien, Sheldon.*.
Page, Clarinda
Page, Shenandoah
Plymouth, Le Mars
Pocahontas, Fonda
Pottawattamie, Avoca r_. -
Poweshiek, Brooklyn
Poweshiek, Malcom
Sac, Sac City
Scott, Davenport
Shelby, Harlan
Sioux, Orange C'ty
Story, Ames
Tama, Toledo
Taylor, Bedford
Van Buren, Keosauqua
Wapello, Eldon
Warren, Indianola
Wayne. Corydon
Webster, Fort Dodge
Winnettago, Forest City
Winneshiek, Decorah
Woodbury, Sioux City
W'orth, Northwood
Totals 1922 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1921 (92 Fairs)
Totals 1920 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1919 (93 Fairs)
Totals 1918 (89 Fairs)
Totals 1917 (93 Fairs)
Totals 1916 (99 Fairs)
Totals 1915 (93 Fairs)
335
1,950'
213
168
156
119
502
342
219
263
284
320
327
311
300
259
429
801
380
203
278
334
92
255
197
268
263
380
149
686
4'
300
35.351
20.232
23.751
21,10-
24,21«
23 055
154
37
45
77
54
396
127
55
67
134
43
45
95
123
28
74
202
?80
15
162
91
47
61
51
55
76
104
65
53
101
.710
9.022
7.553
5,881
4.863
4,454
4,144
159.00
374.00
5,526
5,281
5,000
4,342
3,911
6,836
492.00
94.00
72.00
505.00
542.00
397.00
683.00
,024.00
213.00
97.00
132.00
241.00
122.00
210.00
,067.00
365.25
300.00
638.00
127.50
111.00
235.50
446.00
380.50
278.00
641.00
289. 0C
201.00
987.00
22.75
145
2()3
1,077.00
1,261.00
$37,470.80
$37,956.20
$33,492.39
$30,412.15
-•24,230.74
$28,948.43
$32,877.66
$26,913.53
73
90
240
105
162
567
50
563.00
963.00
133.00
622.00
1,958.00
1,170.00
862.00
1,446.10
369.00
1,256.00
821.00
197.50
294.00
1,158.00
3,885.00
645.00
180.50
353.00
1,291.75
322.50
140.00
393.00
344.00
691.00
2,398.00
308.00
1,386.00
5,336.00
241.00
255
225
191
138
121
597
263
210
367
286
279
486
300!
56!
459
1,438
277
410
110
100
236
390
3971
620
372
293
1,378
225
12,898$ 100,124.20 34,905
11,110$ 90,532.93 32, 1
9,822,$ 73,522.20 31,565 $58,216.24
1,293.00
1,205.00
1,342.00
428.00
388.00
634.00
408.00
1,943.00
787.00
1,062.00
1,652.10
392.00
1,007.50
1,174.00
286.50
163.00
591.00
3,507.00
1,281.00
589.50
549.00
451.75
489.00
165.00
429.00
783.00
914.00
1,174.00
668.50
772.00
3,391.00
306.50
$79,842.45
$75,957.91
7,049$ 49,285.67 19,815 $34,687.20
5,579,$ 31, 889.76,12, 111,$20, 580. 31
5,689$ 33,992.13 10,695 $17,213.64
$ 37,440.65 11, 151i$17,435. 45
5,270$ 27,628.92 9, 377; $14, 034. 45
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
93
3 — Continued.
Sheep
Poultry and Pet
Stock
Premiums Paid
CO
u
w
*03
a 2
o
a
>>
il
03 B
■V " 4-
ft
u
.2 C3
« M C3
2 >>»
2 o «
.2 o
tujft
la
a
1
S ft
°g
b:S
<
PR
En
0Q
«j
140
333.00
576
211.80
142.50
108.75
123
275.00
1,150
365.00
275.00
668.00
58.00
228.00
30
167.00
646
275.50
20.25
16
47.00
415
142.25
68.00
29.75
9
35.00
135
76.00
109.75
21.75
44
254.75
52
52.00
51.50
43.25
130
260.00
385
169.00
191.00
100.25
14
27.00
331
120.75
304.50
94.75
83
352.00
344
155.00
101.10
72.75
44
100. 50
302
76.25
102.00
70.75
9
16.00
201
51.50
26.75
51.00
271
250
59.25
199.00
80.00
286.00
42.15
24
72.00
101.25
46
96.75
525
127.75
72.75
107.50
24
70.00
150
28.75
67.00
51.25
16
41.00
389
143.00
62.35
28.65
265
957.80
345
146.50
670.00
528.50
50
83.00
210
77.00
29.75
54.45
8
17.00
295
41.25
49.50
6.50
216
444.00
318
100.00
139.20
93
277.00
210
202.25
153.65
62.30
32
113.00
200
547.50
29.75
37.00
36
80.00
344
101.50
90.75
41.00
29
91.00
228
103.00
59.00
104.00
65
177.00
410
247.50
341.75
41.75
98
406.00
548
151.50
289.70
140.50
35
317.00
275
127.25
91.75
80.50
17
43.00
279
137.50
109.50
38.25
38
172.00
316
125.25
77.75
91.75
100
829.00
420
317.00
715.25
143.50
50
84.50
284
117.00
101.50
62.50
4,637
$14,147.85
36,918
$14,975.27
114,993.97
$ 6,393.82
4,282
$13,308.65
29,703
$12,488.59
$14,983.36
$ 4,811.88
3,681
$11,516.00
19,739
$ 8,435.50
$13,879.52
$ 5,043.20
3,217
$ 8,535.70
17,351
$ 7,143.30
$ 9,958.92
$ 4,213.64
2,895
$ 7.059.30
15,767
$ 6.566.67
$12,088.55
3,007
$ 7,120.03
16,184
$ 6,822.27
$11,685.07
2,897
$ 7,291.30
15,762
$ 6,678.76
$11,993.45
2,783
$ 6,140.77
14,317
$ 5,397.08
$ 9,934.51
117.00,
289. 00 1
126.00
163.751
41.55
154.00
62.75
154.75
31.00
101.00
78., 50'
6.25
86.50
145.50
140.25
42.75
189.65
86.50
40.00
21.50
97.50
197.15
77.80
35.15
113.00
116.50
255.25
92.00
102.15
109.00
446.75
377.00
170.90
106.80
23S.25
76.25
2S8.25
54.50
191.10
369.00
56.25
93.75
150.15
300.00
678.05
60.00
233.10
42.00
92.00
687.00
813.00
90.50
77
70.00
30.50
74.95
76.40
$10,858.00
.!).->
$ 8.125.92
$ 6,168.88
6,680.73
$ 6.927.21
$ 6.611.62
$ 6,307.6"
64.00
291.90
250.00
120.20
103.65
74.00'
333.60
88.50
62.25
211.50
262.25
214.50
163. 00
99.25
110.25
319.85
97.50
$16,253.53
$16,650.11
$12,295.95
10.10
508.50
642.00
49.00
197.00
472.10
77.55
114.75
372.25
18.50
235.00
441.00
447.00
391.30
162.00
,317.25
223.25
$23,055.33
$18,691.44
$12,994.07 $14,171.76
$ 8.639.97
$11, 176. (
$ 8,710.29
$ 9,462.68
$ 4,679.30
$ 2.536.27
$ 11.570.72
$ 13.266.56
$ 12.122.53
$ 12,711.43
94
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
TABLE NO. 4— TOTAL PAID ADMISSIONS AND ADMISSION FEES
CHARGED AT COUNTY AND DISTRICT FAIRS IN IOWA FOR 1922.
at
Outside
a
Gate
Grandstand
■g
Admissions
o
V
a
V)
a
■a
County,
City or Town
T3
a
S3
in
a
"S.2
3
fit
03
a
P.
08
a
OJ
2
Admission
Fee
o3 xn
31
"5 X
fc
O
o
'C
!U
.c
o «
C 03
H
EH
<:
K»
u
^
CH
1
Adair, Greenfield
8,836
10,000
9,800
13,795
16,916
89,420
5,437
23,000
5,000
12,000
5,112
19,647
9,550
8,018
8,500
13,000
8,236
8,700
9,250
10,283
16,632
71,6-46
5,087
21,401
4,317
10,175
3,834
16,047
9,247
7,957
7,711
8,600
$.50
.35
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
$.25
.25
.25
.50
.25
.50
.50
$.25
.20
.25
.15
.25
.25
.25
.25
.20
"25
.25
.25
.25
"25
'$.25
j .25
95
I
2,439
2,120
1,916
2, 104
32,561
1,475
5,061
218
?!
Adams, Corning
Allamakee, Waukon
34
3
$ 10
598
4
.15
.25
.35
.25
.25
.25
$.30
$.15
461
5
Benton, Vinton
1,995
6
Black Hawk, Waterloo
Boone, Ogden
Bremer, Waverly
Buchanan, Aurora
Buchanan, Independence
Buchanan, Jesup
Buena Vista, Alta
Butler, Allison
Calhoun, Manson
Calhoun, Rockwell City
Carroll, CarroD
Carroll, Coon Rapids
7
8
1,911
9
.35 .25
10
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
1,941
894
11
13
.25
.25
.25
.25
.15
4,248
1,710
3,615
1,200
3,424
18
915
14
15
1,012
16
.25
1,319
17
18
Cass, Atlantic
29,268
17,250
42,000
14,000
56,000
10,653
6,755
10.650
15,000
12,000
23.000
9,009
45,000
14.748
22,000
33,753
7,884
36.500
6,100
10,543
6,250
10,000
10.000
10,000
3.500
10,000
7,301
31,000
10.084
13.643
4,500
9,000
18,000
20*000
12.289
18.000
6.000
25.64?
9.865
6.600
6.000
10.376
8.431
4.465
16,000
40,000
18,176
13,320
29,516
10,570
44,978
7,830
5,690
10,124
13,500
9,022
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.25
.50
.25
"25
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.25
.25
"25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.2.5
.25
.35
.25
.50
.15
.25
.25
.25
.15
.25
.25
— -
— -
— -
5,272
4,314
10,524
2,550
9,400
2,28«
1,250
2,138
5,315
3,133
3,562
2,150
19
Cedar, Tipton
Cerro G'ordo, Mason City___
Chickasaw, Nashua
Clay, Spencer
Clayton, Elkader
Clayton, National
20
21
22
553
"735
.35
loo
11,733
2,820
5,700
1,341
M
25
26
27
Clayton, Straweberry Point.
Clinton, De Witt
Crawford, Arion
Crawford, Schleswig
Dallas, Perry
Davis, Bloomfield
Decatur, Leon
Delaware, Manchester
Des Moines. Burlington
Duhuoue, Dyersville
.25
.50
—
....
1,417
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
8,559
28,000
14.166
15,312
30,681
7,884
35.000
5.642
10,513
5,850
9.803
9,000
9,800
964
9,296
6,976
15.866
8.973
10,643
4,200
7,304
15,000
16.000
10.523
11,200
4,591
20.874
5,786
3.930
5.780
9,876
8.931
3,840
15,355
34,700
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.35
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
"50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.50
.25
.25
.3V
.50
.25
.25
.50
.50
.50
.05
.25
""50
.25
.50
.50
.50
.25
.25
.25
.25
.50
**,
.25
.95
.25
.25
.25
"25
.25
.25
.15
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.35
.50
"56
""50
::::
2,234
10,520
6.206
4,232
7,831
636
6,650
1.619
2,987
6,750
35
36
37
38
39
Payette, West Union
Fremont, Hamburg
Greene. Jefferson
Grnndv, Grundy Center
Guthrie, Guthrie Center
Hamilton, Webster City
Hancock, Britt
"25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.20
"25
~T§5
::::
4,120
, 1,594
3,383
970
2,930
218
3,278
1,083
40
41
.15
.25
.35
1,785
635
42
Hardin. Acklev
Hardin, Eldora
43
.25
"25
.25
.25
25
!25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.10
.25
.25
.25
"25
.25
.35
.25
.25
.35
.25
"25
.50
"35
~50
""60
— -
1,95=
3.5«9
8.331
3.60*
5,292
"""3T268
4.760
6.200
5.286
3,332
1.971
3,422
2,443
44
45
Harrison. Missouri Vallev...
Henrv, Mt. Pleasant
Henrv, Winfield
Humboldt. Humboldt
Ida. Tda Grove
Jackson, Maouoketa
~"i~72§
46
47
49
::::
2.599
2,398
50
51
52
Jasnor, Newton
Jefferson. Fairfield "
Jones, Anamosa __
2.487
4,800
53
54
55
56
Jones. Monticello
Feokuk. What Cheer
vo=suth. Aleona
"Lee, DnnneU«on_-_
J>e. Wpst Point
Linn, fenrral City
Linn. Marion
2,350
~~~M22
57
58
59
.10
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
95
.25
"25
.50
~?50
.35
.50
::::
801
2.315
4.358
3,985
~~"9"50i
12.000
908
1.900
si
Louisa. Columbus Junction
Tineas, Derhv
2,781
r.o
Lvon. Rock Ranids
63
Mahaska. Oskaloosa..,
8.200
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
TABLE NO. 4— Continued.
95
County, City or Town
a
03
a
_s
I
to
a
o
"3
TO
i
03
2
*3
p.
OS
o
En
Outside
Gate
Admissions
Grandstand
S3
■a
+_
P
<
2
0
P
CD
2
5
Admission
Fee
TO
a
03 -3
-CS TO
Si
oca
op .2
P TO
c «
64
65
Marion, Knoxville ___ _
Marshall, Marshallt'n (Fair)
Marshall, Marshallt'n (Con.)
Mills, Malvern ___
Mitchell, Osage
Monona, Onawa
Monroe, Albia
Muscatine, West Liberty
O'Brien, Sheldon
Page, Clarinda
Page, Shenandoah
Plymouth, Le Mars
Pocahontas, Fonda
Pottawattamie, Avoca
Poweshiek, Brooklyn
Poweshiek, Malcom
Sac, Sac City
Scott, Davenport
Shelby, Harlnn
Sioux, Orange City
25,000
46,921
6,000
18,000
12,266
3,533
13,452
23,817
17,254
13,500
11,350
6,287
7,387
10,OCO
7,000
1,615
20,352
80,899
20,000
9,443
6,000
8,002
13,000
6,500
9,479
14,000
16,491
38,757
10,000
20,859
61,186
6,500
21,100 .50
38,500! .50
.25 .25
.25 .25
.25
.25
.35
.50
— -
3,850
7,845
3,770
6,479
67
15 000 so
.25
"25
.50
.25
.25
.25
"25
.25
.25
.10
.25
.15
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
6,036
2,026
1,915
3,376
3,705
2,135
5,147
5,210
fifl
9,614
3,533
13,209
21,492
15,868
10,021
10,385
6,287
6.2U5
6,451
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.50
.35
.50
.50
634
69
70
1,874
7T
.50
.50
.50
2,434
72
73
842
3,801
71
7t
76
77
.25
3,253
78
79
80
1,109
16,968
73,437
13,471
.25
.50
.25
95
"95
.25
.25
.50
.25
.15
.15
.25
.15
-—
— -
41
4,291
22,916
6,070
1,235
356
3,3T9
5,342
~~~3"329
SI
.50 .30 .30
.50 .35 .25
.75
-—
....
20,901
R3
8,843 .50 .50 .35
3,776 .50 -25: .25
.25
535
51
Story, Ames
Tama, Toledo
Taylor, Bedford
Van Buren, Keosaunua
Wapello, Eldon
Warren, Indianola
Wayne, Corvdon. .
85
8,002i .50
9,683 .50
3,880 .25
9,421 .50
11,000 .35
12,991; .50
30,691 .50
9,0021 .50
16,884, .50
61,186 .50
4,500 .50
.25 -25
86
F7
.25
.25
.25
.25
.25
— -
....
1,496
8R
25
.25
.15
.25
.25
.25
.25
50
2,413
1,900
7,606
11,189
2,638
2,245
17,646
600
186
89
90
.25 .25
.25 .25
— 1 .25
.50 .25
- 1 .25
„_-| .25
.25-—
.25
"50
.35
.50
6,000
3,933
91
Q9
Webster, Fort Dodge
Winnebago, Forest City
Winneshiek, Decorah..*.
Woodbury, Sioux City
Worth, Northwood
.751.00
______
13,072
2,764
01
12,520
m
.25
Totals 1922 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1921 (92 Fairs)
Totals 1920 (95 Fairs)
Totals 1919 (93 Fairs)
Totals 1918 (89 Fairs)
Totals 1917 (93 Fairs)
Totals 1916 (99 Fairs)
Totals 1915 (93 Fairs)
1,571.940
1,273,406
374,055
191,042
1,476,042
1,209,283
331,200
156,067
1,806,033
1,456,755
443,147
209,745
1,580,643
1,506,079
362,587
160,135
1,150,461
910,349
266,661
75,795
1,345,259
1,094,968
270,991
91,766
1,272,479
991,057
279,714
66,600
1,115,605
838,047
Admission Fees Paid
8
TO
P
->
US
TO
a
s
s
TO
p
TO
a
Is
p
V
TO
i
9
TO
P
s
in
CM
TO
O
<V
<y
CI
TO
P
i
if:
1
0
General Admissions, outside gates:
83
23
"Is"
2
____
5
1
1
13
2
1
1
2
55
70
68
29
8
Vehicles
Children
Grandstand Admissions
Quarterstretch Admissions:
Persons
"2"
"2"
___-
2
1
2
11
..3.
2
2
Vehicles
1
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
LIST OF FAIRS RECEIVING COUNTY AID, SHOWING AMOUNT AND
PURPOSE FOR WHICH IT WAS APPROPRIATED.
Name of Fair
Location
Amount
Appropriated for
Vinton
Alta__
$ 1,000.00
150.00
1,000.00
700.00
6,000.00
4,200.00
500. 00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
672.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
500.00
500.00
300.00
300.00
500.00
38.25
1,000.00
500.00
400.00
500.00
500.00
1,000.00
500.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
$30,760.25
Permanent Improvements
Buena Vista County Fair
Premiums, School Work
Carroll
Tipton
Mason City..
Spencer
Arion
Perry
Leon
Improvements and Maintenance
General Improvements
Buildings
Clay County Fair
Maintenance, Buildings, etc.
Buildings
Expense and Premiums
Up-keep, Grounds and Bldgs.
Manchester
Eldora
Humboldt
Maquoketa —
Newton
Anamosa
Montieello
Donnellson
West Point.. _
Marion
New Swine Barn
General Expense
Painting Buildings
Permanent Improvements
Permanent Improvements
New Buildings
Permanent Improvements
Buildings and Gen. Expense
West Point District Fair
Permanent Improvements
Permanent Improvements
Premiums, Boys & G'irls Dept.
Knoxville
Malvern
Albia
Buildings
Interest on Loan
Taxes
Clarinda
Shenandoah..
Davenport
New Swine Barn
Buildings
Mississippi Valley Fair and
Permanent Improvements
Permanent Improvements
Toledo
Indianola
Fort Dodge..
New Swine Barn
Permanent Improvements
Hawkeye Fair and Exposition.
Permanent Improvements
Permanent Improvements
|
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
97
Statement showing total receipts from ticket sales, cost of ad-
vertising and per cent of ticket sales spent for advertising by County
and District Fairs in 1922.
County
Name of Fair
Total
Ticket
Sales
Cost of
Advertis-
ing
Per Cent
of Ticket
Sales
Adair
Adair County Fair
Adams County Fair...
$ 5,534.60
2,940.80
4,896.00
7,215.70
8,137.45
38,719.75
3,110.05
10,110.94
1,416.05
6,092.00
1,704.75
7,976.11
4,920.25
5,160.30
4,749.75
5,575.35
10,471.45
7,596.55
21,362.50
5,964.54
23,755.09
5,360.55
3,451.80
2,750.15
7,686.22
5,198.27
$ 114.05
166.30
163.66
335.07
346.70
3,334.74
152.88
645.79
2.06
5.65
3.34
4.64
Benton County Fair
4.26
Black Hawk
8.61
4.91
Bremer
Bremer County Fair
6.38
Buchanan County Fair
927.01
211.90
1,014.68
81.80
23.05
697.00
504.60
697.05
269.87
914.78
281.29
960.16
419.15
188.41
1531.53
433.86
155.00
160.10
306.10
449.30
412.98
395.45
1,487.20
200.20
240.83
381.30
147.75
267.40
323.39
224.08
240.98
108.00
725.62
346.72
756.00
241.50
197.00
121.20
J162.83
350.00
450.00
399.25
287.31
35.30
707.42
171.47
254.49
15.21
Jesup Fair & Stock Show
12.43
12.72
Butler
Butler County Fair
Calhoun County Fair
1.66
.44
Calhoun
Carroll- .
Rockwell City Fair
Carroll County Fair
7.96
9.06
Carroll
Four Counties Dist. Agr'l. Fair.
Cass County Fair
6.65
Cedar..
Cedar County Fair
3.55
4.28
Chickasaw
Big Four Fair
4.71
Clay
Clayton
Clay County Fair
Elkader Fair
4.04
7.82
Clayton _
Clayton County Fair _.
5.45
Clayton
Strawberry Point District Fair...
De Witt Fair.
Crawford County Fair
1.93
Clinton
Crawford '
5.64
2.98
Crawford _.
Community Fair & Live Stock
Dallas
Tri-County Fair
3,450.30
13,666.95
9,913.75
10,011.25
19,370.22
3,689.25
12,773.30
3,257.54
5,778.00
4,315.30
5,021.25
4,113.25
5,452.18
41.00
5,810.85
4.620.55
14,108.55
5,049.25
6,457.50
1,895.45
4,901.99
7.2('3.44
11,685.93
6,700.51
7,479.00
2.750.00
10,292.33
3,472.75
3.757.25
8.84
Davis
Decatur
Davis County Fair
Decatur County Fair.. .
3.28
4.16
Delaware
Delaware County Fair _. .
3. 94
Des Moines
Dubuque
Burlington Tri-State Fair
Dubuque County Fair
7.57
5.43
Fayette
Fayette County Fair ...
l.»8
Fremont
Hamburg Fair .
1.17
Greene
Greene County Fair
2.55
Grundy
Grundy County Fair
6.19
Guthrie
G\ithrie County Fair
6.44
Hamilton
Hancock
Hamilton County Exposition
Hancock County Fair
5.44
4.41
Hardin
Hardin
Four County Agricultural Fair...
Hardin County Fair
100.00
12.48
Harrison.. _.
7.50
Henry . _.
5.35
Henry
Winfield Fair
Humboldt County Fair
4.78
Humboldt
Ida
3.05
6.38
Jackson..
3.32
JasDer__ I
4.80
Jefferson
Jefferson County Fair
3.85
Anamosa District Fair _ __
5.95
Jones ... .
Jones County Fair.
3.84
Keokuk
What Cheer Fair & Exposition..
Kossuth County Fair
1.28
Kossuth
6.87
Lee
4.93
Lee
West Point District Fair
6.77
9S
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
County
Name of Fair
Total Cost of Per Cent
Ticket Advertis- of Ticket
Sales
ing
Sales
Linn Wapsie Valley Fair.
Linn ! Marion Inter-State Fair
Louisa.—.
Lucas
Lyon
Columbus Junction District Fair.
Derby District Fair
Lyon County Fair
Mahaska Southern Iowa Fair& Exposition
Marion J Marion County Fair
Marshall ; Marshall County Fair
Marshall j Marshalltown Swine & Corn
Congress
Mills I Mills County Fair
4,210.64
5,706.95
6,645.10
1,806.00
9,017.04
27,307.11
9,027.72
16,372.00
Mitchell—
Monona-
Monroe
Mitchell County Fair.
Monona County Fair.
Monroe County Fair.
Muscatine West Liberty Fair
O'Brien-
Sheldon Ti
Page Clarinda Fair
Page Shenandoah Fair
Plymouth Plymouth County Fair
Pocahontas Big Four Pair
Pottawattamie Pottawattamie County Fair
Poweshiek i Brooklyn Agricultural Fair
Poweshiek Poweshiek County Central Agri-
cultural Fair
Sac Sac County Fair
Scott J Misisssippi Valley Fair and Ex-
position
Shelby ; Shelby County Fair
Sioux Sioux County Fair
Story Central Iowa Fair
Tama
Taylor
Van Buren.
Wapeflo.
Warren.
Wayne_.
Tama County Fair
Taylor County Fair
Van Buren County Fair.
Wapello County Fair
Warren County Fair
Wayne County Fair
Webster Hawkeye Fair and Exposition.
Winnebaeo Winnebago bounty Fair
Winneshiek Winneshiek County Fair
Woodburv j Int^r-Statp Fair
Worth i Worth County Fair
8,509.67
5,489.00
2,328.45
7,668.60
10,780.50
8,110.00
10,134.20
7,254.55
2,141.45
2.239.32
4,232.70
386.50
7,195.00
55,792.45
7,411.06
4,152.44
2,091.70
4,998.80
9,517.64
1,215.75
5,698.30
6,. 540. 21
10,854.04
19.966.75
5,223.45
8.716. 62
44,395.00
2.250.55
633.26
336.58
195.75
72.77
459.55
1,598.59
786.00
"5.00
1654.69
278.20
130.00
651.72
492.93
t 769. 25
730.86
444.47
429.95
15.03
5.89
2.94
4.02
5.09
5.*6
8.70
3.64
7.69
5.06
5.58
8.49
4.57
9.48
7.22
7.12
2.0
105.50
4.71
313.23
7.40
11.50
63.65
1.64
300.64
5.01
9,096.47
16.30
371.88
5.01
346.70
8.34
210.44
1.0
252.40
5.04
525.60
5.52
58-30
4.82
308.31
5.41
193.95
2.96
377.87
3.48
1,589.94
7.96
459.00
8.78
881.55
10.10
4,850.69
10.92
207.90
9.29
t Advertising and printing combined.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 99
IOWA STATE FAIR
There is no reason why the richest agricultural state in the Union
should not have the greatest live stock and agricultural fair in the
Union.
And that was exactly what Iowa had in 1922.
Agricultural writers from the far corners of the United States
who came to view this sixty-eighth annual exposition of Iowa's
unbounded wealth, found themselves gasping for words with which
to surpass the pictures which they had drawn of it in their writ-
ings of previous years. It was so gigantic in its proportions, so
intensive in the thoroughness with which it covered every field of
the state's diversified agricultural interests, so interesting even for
the mere amusement-seeker that comparative phrases were hard to
find.
It was a triumphant state fair.
Live stock, farm produce, machinery, automotive equipment, boys
and girls' club work, women's activities, state institutions, fish
and game — these are a few of the outstanding feaures which were
arrayed against a minor background of everything that Iowa raises,
makes and uses.
But better than any of these features were Iowa's own people.
There were 361,261 of them who passed through the state fair
gates this year. One editor's comment declared that the people
themselves were the most interesting and inspiring part of the entire
exposition. They were happy, prosperous, contented people. They
gave one the feeling of stability, honesty, intelligent progress. They
left no doubt in one's mind as to the reason for Iowa's unquestioned
supremacy in agriculture.
The dominant success of the fair is reflected in the fact that the
attendance of 1922 showed an increase of more than 23 per cent
above that of the previous year. And, had it not been for rainy
weather on several days, it is believed that the total number of fair
visitors might have been even 50,000 or 60,000 higher. This would
have set a new mark for Iowa State Fair crowds.
Weather bureau statistics show that 2.60 inches of rain fell on
Tuesday, the day before the opening of the fair. This put the roads
in bad condition for automobile travel. Automobiles are becoming
more and more one of the most important means of travel for state
fair visitors. On Saturday night .64 inches of rain fell and on
Monday night .13 inches.
100 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
While this slightly retarded the fair-going public during the op-
ening days, a heavy downpour over southern and western Iowa on
Tuesday night and Wednesday forenoon brought the greatest dam-
age to the attendance record. Six inches of rain fell at Atlantic
and over five inches at Creston, with a precipitation of .79 inches
in the Des Moines vicinity. This made many roads impassable.
From reports received from western and southern Iowa, the Tues-
day-Wednesday rain cut attendance for Wednesday-Thursday at
least 40,000 or 50,000.
Amusement features of the fair, as usual, drew large crowds.
The grand stand performances headlining the entertainment pro-
gram for both afternoon and evening played to large audiences
throughout the period of the exposition. In the afternoon grand
stand attendance there was an increase of 25 per cent over the pre-
vious year, registering a total of 82,132 admissions for the seven
afternoons. An increase was also made in the evening grand stand
attendance. In 1921 it was 55,525 for seven nights, while in 1922
it reached 56,969 for six night shows.
Society horse shows have been growing in popularity from year
to year. The 1921 fair scheduled five nights of these events. The
1922 fair condensed them to four nights and packed the live stock
pavilion with spectators every evening. The total attendance (8,819)
for four nights in 1922 was approximately the same as for five
nights in 1921.
The society horse shows, however, were only part of an array of
pure bred animals which crowded the State Fair exhibit barns until
temporary shelters had to be provided in some classes to make room
for all of them. The live stock show was heralded by judges and
farming authorities as the supreme feature of the great exposition.
No fair in America had ever witnessed anything like it and many
made the forecast that it would be some time before another such
show could be assembled anywhere, either in quality or numbers.
By actual count there were 588 head of horses, ponies and mules
on exhibition, 1,536 head of cattle, 3,137 head of swine and 835
head of sheep. All of these surpassed the highest expectations of
fair officials. The poultry department scored the greatest triumph
in point of increased entries. While entries in 1921 were approx-
imately 2,000, there were 2,826 birds shown in 1922.
The Iowa breeder held the center of the stage in practically all
classes of live stock shows. Iowans won a majority of the ribbons.
Not content with honors in their own territory, many of these same
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 101
breeders shipped their prize Iowa herds to neighboring state fairs
and won high honors in competition with premier breeders from all
parts of the country.
Many of the minor breeds which, heretofore, have been repre-
sented only in a very small way at state fairs in the past, were
present in strong numbers in 1922.
As in the 1920 and 1921 Iowa State Fairs, the Pure Bred Sire
and Cow Test Association exhibits in the cattle barn attracted wide
attention among visitors. These exhibits are among the most con-
structive features of the exposition. They point out to the breeder
the greater production which he may have by using pure bred sires
in building up his herds and the economies to be achieved by reg-
ularly testing his milk cows and weeding out the non-producers.
Iowa boys and girls, both in live stock and in other classifica-
tions, staged the greatest show of its kind held in the United States
at the 1922 fair. In the junior exposition there were 351 head of
baby beeves shown, 23 pure bred heifers, 487 pigs, 43 lambs and
564 birds in the poultry department. In mere numbers these marked
new records and were a source of amazement to thousands who
had not been familiar with the growing activities of boys' and girls'
farm clubs in Iowa. The quality of the animals shown was declared
by judges to be superior to anything they had ever observed in a
club show.
Live stock was only one of the fields in which the junior farm-
ers and farm girls of the state presented unusual displays. All
activities of the boy and girl club work were represented at the
exposition. One hundred and twenty-two demonstrations were pre-
sented in the boys' and girls' club building and in the sale ring of
the cattle barn. Garment making, meal preparation, canning, home
furnishing, live stock judging, apple spraying, poultry culling, corn
judging and like activities were embraced in these highly interest-
ing demonstrations. The crowning feature of the junior fair was a
mammoth boys' and girls' club parade on Wednesday afternoon,
presenting in floats and exhibits all lines of club work carried on
in Iowa at the present time.
On account of the large number of entries in the open cattle
and swine departments, it was necessary to provide temporary stalls
and pens in tents and the old cattle sheds for the boys and girls
calf and pig club exhibit. The temporary quarters were very unsat-
isfactory to the boys and girls exhibiting their stock and to the
public who wished to view these exhibits.
102 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
The boys and girls interested in this line of work will, in a few
years, be the leading farmers of the state and should at this time
be given all the encouragement possible in their chosen line of en-
deavor. The state should, before another state fair, provide suitable
quarters for both pig and calf club exhibits.
Next to live stock, the agricultural and farm produce sections
of the fair probably attracted most attention from those who came
to learn and profit by the great exposition. There were 16 county
produce and grain exhibits in the Agricultural building and 14
individual farm exhibits. These showed graphically nearly every
variety of products raised on Iowa's farms at the present time.
Immediately adjoining these were hundreds of exhibits of fruits
and flowers — the largest horticultural display ever assembled at an
Iowa State Fair. A new decorative scheme added much to the
beauty of the Agricultural building. It consisted of white trellis
running over all the pillars inside the building and draped with
southern smilax.
For the practical farmer who came to the fair to learn and study,
Iowa State College had a most interesting exhibit under the grand
stand. This embraced five divisions of the college : Agriculture,
Engineering, Industrial Science, Home Economics and Veterinary
Medicine. Not only the educational work of the college was illus-
trated, but also some of the more recent results of the Experiment
Station research. A competitive radio exhibit for amateurs of the
state was conducted by radio experts of the college. Immediately
adjoining the main State College exhibit, the public speaking depart-
ment of the school presented several short plays each day for the
benefit of rural communities interested in taking up the question of
community dramatic work. The plays attracted a large attendance
each day.
For the first time in the history of the fair, all of the smaller col-
leges of the state joined together in 1922 and arranged a joint dis-
play for the benefit of young men and women interested in enrolling
for higher education. The plan contemplates making this a perma-
nent feature of the fair.
Another feature of wide interest to Iowans was the exhibit ar-
ranged by the board of control of State Institutions. This exhibit,
housed under the grand stand, showed examples of the work done
by the 16 state institutions — fancy work, wood carving, painting,
carpentry, and like activities. The products of the farms and gar-
dens at these institutions were displayed in connection with other
showing.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 103
The growing place which women's activities are having in the
life and progress of the state as a whole was amply demonstrated
by the all-embracing women's department of the 1922 Iowa State
Fair. The programs were so widely varied and so thoroughly devel-
oped that it would have required the entire period of the fair for
any one person to have witnessed and participated in all of the
events scheduled. Style shows, baby health contest, home econom-
ics lectures and demonstrations, little theater plays, pageants, dress-
making exhibits, cooking demonstrations, citizenship talks — these
and dozens of like numbers vied with each other for the attention of
the thousands of women who came to the fair.
In the baby health department there were more than 550 entries.
Judging of babies had to be started a day earlier than usual in order
to complete it on scheduled time.
One of the most widely interesting features of the fair was a
contest to select the most beautiful girl in Iowa — to be crowned
Queen of the State Fair. Miss Bonnie Murray of Sioux City was
chosen queen from among more than 6,200 girls from every coun-
ty in the state entered in the contest. The coronation ceremony
took place before a packed grand stand on Thursday afternoon.
Miss Murray was presented with "a check for $1,000 by the Des
Moines Register, which co-operated with the State Fair manage-
ment in conducting the contest.
Another new attraction at the fair and one of the most popular
was a series of grand opera presentations in front of the grand
stand in connection with the evening performances. Nine eastern
opera singers, a ballet and a chorus of 50 Iowa voices enacted the
first scene of the second act from "Aida." The feature was pro-
nounced one of the finest on the entire amusement program of the
fair. It bears promise of being taken up by many of the other
larger fairs in response to a popular demand.
Horseshoe pitching as a form of sport and of popular amusement
reached its climax at the Iowa State Fair in a National Horseshoe
Pitching Tournament, open to the champions of every state in the
Union. There were 85 entries from 12 states in the men's national
tournament. Every available inch of standing room and seating
accommodations was taken throughout the period of the tournament.
The national title, after several days of hard-fought pitching, was
finally won by Frank Lundin of New London, Iowa. A state horse-
shoe tournament, with 85 entries from all parts of Iowa, also at-
tracted wide attention and was also won by Frank Lundin. The
104 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
Women's National Tournament, with nine contestants, all from out-
side of the state of Iowa, was won by Mrs. C. A. Lanham, of Bloom-
ington, Illinois. Horseshoe pitching tournaments promise to be-
come regular features of fairs in the future.
There was a marked increase in the number of World War Vet-
erans and Old Soldiers who availed themselves of the free admis-
sion privilege during the 1922 Iowa State Fair. On Saturday,
World War Veterans' day, 3,752 veterans were admitted free, as
compared with 2,540 in 1921. During the period of the fair 2,187
Old Soldiers, their wives and widows, claimed free admission as
against 1,692 in 1921.
An interesting indication of the extent to which automobiles are
playing a part in the lives of Iowa farmers is given in the 1922
count of automobiles passing through the gates of the fair. A total
of 53,487 cars were admitted to the fair grounds during the ten
days. Every county in the state was represented in the automobile
attendance figures. There were also 31 other states of the Union
represented by 1,254 cars. One came from Canada. Monday,
August 28, was the largest automobile attendance, registering 7,359
machines.
The following illustration shows the number of automobiles pass-
ing through the outside gates during the ten days of the fair. In
addition to the cars actually counted at the gates an estimate was
made each day of the cars remaining in the camp grounds. The
DUMBER Q?_ AH.T0JI0B ILBS AMITTTO^ DURING PSRIOD. QJL7A18, JBY .CQUNIIBS- -,r \
lyon jMWolaJ 50 I""""' [woxth! 41 'howard! \ %
17 i 18 iDlCK.NSOH, 37 MKME9AQO, .MrrCHELL'. l6 ' j "\
: cur!""""; I^^L^lJ^0™: 43 [ i~?-4
LJL : » ; «*~ j 63 I 8? i » j™0""*9; 74 ^«^\ \ X^
J5L.J 38 : 95 •' 97 j- i i92 I 1" • 103 \ 1 f j~^k
I --I i ; u . , ->LA<*HAWK. SBLaWaHC!
»»-vT D*';SAC ': 121 V«sT«rHAMiLTo; '383 W»»i 375 H»H 58 'T'tN
12* • 58; 122 ^ho5»! ^ :4^ ;K'RilM| 1?A-:--r-J-^-----r--L"3rJvciJ^
;CABROLL' 397 'BOOHS' 'MARSHALL' ' RENTON ' *" ' " '. 7? L— ~?3
. -ioa . ^.4 232^. *::::;] 966j™_ \ * . i i9? . ;i . «? j^H^% t ° "
f«».u*Mjua ' ^J 459 Li6^5.,: 20«768; , asPCR: *?8 ;, „w /:-«^^:C78 "": ,Vo77l
> n, •SM.EL6Ti ^j8 .CVJTHRIli .POLK, _ , '.uun
"1 •. S >( — ' ■ - ■ IO* j j
r, „: 2^6 ! 288 ; ft,B ! 1506 ' '782 '• *°9 'kbokv*: 195 ,'n.75<
ttamib, 23b Jabaib' 828 ,w/Crrbn: ' ' UAHASKA. WAJHU«'W,
»U, iMADIiOM. .MARION' | 344 ; , LOUISA
dams! 316 Clarke] 33O ;moi«roe; 319 'jeffersok! ;
191 ;UN,0M; 320 :l^CAS| 96 .w<pSl1-0; 142 :HE^:
CPOTTaWj
254 :«»»»; ' "iMADTioui "~ '""Marion ~" ; 344 p""™ IloUUa'
,94
. .lS: 190 :AD
127 > MOfTOOKfiW
36 ■ 102 ! 1 2<ri
M41
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 105
total estimate for cars in the camp grounds for the period of the
fair was 8,200, practically all of which came from outside of Polk
County :
It would be possible to devote an indefinite number of pages to
describing the thousands of features of the 1922 Iowa State Fair.
No further description, however, could be as eloquent as the state-
ments of leading agricultural papers in their own official reports of
the triumph of this greatest of all expositions. There follow a few
of the comments of some of these papers, presented in the words of
their expert writers who spent from four to seven days studying
in the various departments of the fair.
IOWA'S BEST FAIR AND EXPOSITION
(From the Iowa Homestead, Des Moines, Iowa)
Almost every year the Iowa State Fair and Exposition is described as
the best ever. Were this not a trite expression it might well be repeated
this year and be spelled with capital letters, for all things considered it
was truly the greatest and best fair and exposition ever held in Des
Moines. The fair closed its gates on Friday evening last week with the
turnstiles recording an attendance of 359,745 as compared with 294,002
last year, an increase of 65,745. Every day, except Wednesday of the
second week, when rain interfered, showed a larger attendance than the
corresponding day a year ago.
The fair management smiled every day of the classic and justly so, for
the big machine had been so well oiled and put in such excellent repair
that it worked smoothly from day to day without accidents of any sort.
Secretary A. R. Corey and President C. E. Cameron, as well as all others
in authority, deserve the highest praise and the thanks of the public for
their untiring efforts in making this big educational event a success. The
performances before the grand stand were excellent and well attended as
were also the night society horse shows, held in the live stock judging
pavilion. These performances did their full share in augmenting receipts
in the treasurer's office. Financial records are not yet complete, but it
is rumored that total receipts were $12,000 larger than last year and
that there will be a handsome surplus left for starting next year's ex-
position and making needed improvements.
The live stock show as a whole was not only very large, but the quality
was excellent in nearly every department of the fair. There was also
marked uniformity in the different breeds of live stock — more so, it
seemed, than usual. Breeders generally were in good humor with the
great majority feeling that the pure-bred live stock business has reached
the turning point and that from now on prices will continue to improve
gradually. Nobody is looking for a price boom, but steady improvement
in demand is generally expected for some time to come.
From an educational point of view and from the standpoint of improved
106 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL, YEAR BOOK— PART III.
agriculture in the future, nothing on the grounds surpassed in importance
and interest the live stock contests of Iowa's hoys and girls — our future
farmers. Mention of their exhibits and winnings was made in The Iowa
Homestead last week, but we desire to reiterate that this feature of the
fair is very much worth while and should be encouraged to the fullest
extent possible. When the young people on the farm are given an op-
portunity to own some live stock and participate in showing their prod-
ucts at local fairs and at a great state fair, there will be little difficulty
in keeping them on the farm. Friendly rivalry in fitting live stock and
other products for local and state fairs and later exhibiting them in
competition with others, is as helpful to the youngsters as it is to grown
ups.
Judging from the magnificent fruit show — 5,000 plates in all — in the
horticultural building, Iowa is rapidly becoming a more important fruit
state. At any rate growers are paying much more attention to spraying
and otherwise caring for their trees than they did a few years ago. Only
one exhibitor showed unsprayed fruit and he, of course, won no prizes
except in a few classes where he had no competition. The work of the
state horticultural society, the extension service at Ames and the county
agents combined has had a wonderful effect upon fruit growing in this
state, yet it may be said that improvement in orchard management has
just begun. It will not be long before the great majority of Iowa farm
orchards will be well taken care of and high class fruit produced. When
that step has been taken a good market for all surplus fruit will un-
questionably be found and Iowa apples will not rot on the ground as so
many have done this year.
The apple exhibit was displayed in much better shape than it ever
has been. In former years the fruit was classified by exhibitors; this
year it was placed according to the class to which it belonged, which
made the display as a whole of much greater educational value to the
public. Earl Ferris, Hampton, la., superintendent of fruits, and his able
assistant, R. S. Herrick, secretary of the Iowa State Horticultural So-
ciety, are to be congratulated upon making this change in the fruit show.
Not only was the fruit better displayed than in former years, but the
show was also much larger than ever and the quality better. This has
been a good fruit year in Iowa and nature should be given her proper
share of credit for the success of the show. The 10-plate exhibit of apples
was a magnificent thing to look at. There were 35 entries, making a
total of 350 plates of five apples each. These included Wealthy, Jonathan,
Grimes Golden, Northwestern Greening, Golden Delicious, Chenango
Strawberry, Maiden Blush and Ben Davis. A sweepstakes was awarded
to each of these varieties and from those sweepstakes plates the grand
sweepstakes plate was picked. This was won by E. O. Worth of Mon-
damin, Iowa, on a plate of Golden Delicious.
The farm orchard exhibit was also larger than usual. It, too, was ar-
ranged on a table by itself and proved to be very valuable from an educa-
tional point of view. Varieties for a farm orchard from Des Moines
southward, considered as standard, are the following, given according
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 107
to time of maturity of the fruit: Duchess, Whitney No. 20, Wealthy,
Tolman Sweet, Grimes Golden, Golden Delicious, Jonathan and Mam-
moth Black Twig. The grape and other fruit exhibits were just as fine,
relatively, as the apple show and were equally well displayed. In short,
the whole fruit show was a great credit to the state.
The following members of the extension service of the Iowa State
college judged the fruit show: H. E. Nichols, head judge; C. V. Hol-
singer judged plums, pears, peaches and grapes; W. J. Kocken, apples,
and C. S. Holland, apples.
An exhibit showing in a general way what members of the various
cow testing associations in Iowa are learning from weighing the milk of
their cows and testing it for butter fat was brought out by the Iowa
State College. It consisted of six cows, half of which were scrubs and
half grade Holsteins. Production records showed that the three scrubs
in 1921 yielded a gross profit, figuring the milk sold in the fluid state,
varying from $21.62 to $29.40 per head. Had the butter fat been sold
the profit would have varied from $11.51 to $21.12 per cow. By gross
"profit" in these cases is meant the cash income from milk or butter fat,
less cost of the feed consumed by the cows. In the case of the three
grade Holsteins — much better producers — the gross profit, figuring the
milk sold in the fluid state, ranged from $87.94 to $95.85 per head. On
the basis of butter fat sales, the gross profit ranged from $72.29 to $78.30
per cow.
These records were all made in 1921 and showed very clearly the ad-
vantage of keeping good cows. In the case of the scrub cows the cost
of milk production varied from $1.05 per 100 pounds to $1.37, while on
the butter fat basis costs ranged from 14 to 21.1 cents per pound.
On the other hand the grade Holsteins produced milk at costs ranging
from 49 cents to 57 cents per 100 pounds while on the fat basis costs
ranged from 14 cents to 16.5 cents a pound. On the other hand some
records were displayed on a chart showing that a high grade herd of
Jerseys, in the course of three years, produced profits per cow — difference
between feed cost and price brought by products sold — ranging from
$114.27 to $194.84. In a high grade Guernsey herd profits ranged from
$67.68 to $153.35 per cow in a series of three years.
A chart was also shown on which the results obtained at the college in
grading up by breeding common scrub cows to registered bulls of Jersey,
Guernsey and Holstein breeding were recorded. Third generation heifers
from these different lines of breeding are now on the college farm that
show wonderful improvement over the original scrubs. So striking are
these results that farmers who have learned of this work are beginning
to realize the value of using pure-bred sires of the right type for grading
up purposes. These exhibits proved very interesting to thousands of
farmers, judging from the attention they bestowed upon them.
The wool exhibit made by the Iowa Fleece Wool Growers' Association
this year in the horticultural building was unusually fine. No less than
108 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
190 fleeces were shown and wool experts declared that it was not only
the very best exhibit ever seen at the Iowa State Fair but, barring the
exhibit made at the Ohio State Fair, the very best show of its kind ever
seen at any fair.
Fourteen wool growers and six boys' and girls' clubs put on the show,
so competition for prizes in the several classes of wool shown was very
strong. The membership of the Iowa Fleece Wool Growers' Association
now totals around 12,000, which means that the association has done ex-
ceedingly well during the last year in making the organization stronger
and securing better prices for the products sold.
Last year Iowa wool marketed through this association brought from
15 to 28 cents a pound, while this year's clip is now bringing from 38
to 50 cents a pound with a fair prospect of still better prices later in
the season. Approximately one-half of the wool produced in Iowa is now
marketed through the producers' association and the prospects are that
a considerably larger percentage of the Iowa wool growers will join be-
fore another year has passed, because the organization is getting con-
siderably higher prices for the wool of its members than is being received
by non-members who sell their wool to local buyers. Sheepmen have
done wonderfully well in the co-operative marketing of their wool and
are making it worth while for their members to produce a higher grade
of wool. Organization has made it possible for producers to get paid
for their wool on a quality basis. This fact was emphasized by those in
charge of the wool exhibit to every one who made inquiry at their booth.
One of the striking, and to many the most pleasing exhibit, in the hor-
ticultural building was a display of gladioli. The principal exhibitors
of gladioli were G. D. Black of Albert Lea, Minn., and Beebe & Tucker
of Mitchellville, la. Both these men are extensive growers of this flower,
in fact Mr. Black grows 20 acres a year on his Minnesota farm for the
wholesale trade and a smaller acreage in Iowa for retail purposes. The
gladiolus display was so excellent that the judge, T. D. Smedley, Waterloo,
declared it was good enough to win first place in any flower show in the
United States. In fact the whole horticultural building was most ar-
tistically decorated with over a hundred palms, ferns and bay trees and
lattice work for flowers. This added greatly to the beauty of the build-
ing and produced a wonderful setting for all the exhibits housed therein.
The county exhibits were fully up to the high standard set in former
years. Each booth, to the casual observer, seemed to make as hand-
some a display as every other booth. It took keen discrimination to
score each product minutely and later, after adding the scores of each
product, to find the total for each exhibit to make out the final rating.
The 14 individual farm exhibits were also very artistically arranged
and proved interesting alike to country and city people — all seemed to
study them quite in detail. The placing for both county and individual
farm exhibits follow:
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 109
County Exhibits
Northern Section — 1, Osceola county, 838.1. North Central Section — 1,
Webster county, 844; 2, Hardin county, 771. South Central Section — 1,
Polk county, 932; 2, Guthrie county, 917.5; 3, Carroll county, 893; 4,
Greene county, 871.2. Southern Section — 1, West Pottawattamie, 907;
2, Clarke county, 871.5; 3, Cass county, 862.5; 4, Warren county, 859.6.
Sweepstakes for the highest scoring exhibits — 1, Polk county; 2, Guthrie
county; 3, West Pottawattamie; 4, Carroll county; 5, Clarke county.
Individual Farm Exhibits
North Central Section — 1, Mrs. E. J. Heise, Arlington, 874.5; 2, P. M.
Peterson, Cherokee. South Central Section — 1, E. M. Wilson, Panora,
943.5; 2, J. T. Wasson, Panora, 929.2; 3, Spring Valley Farm, Coon Rapids,
877.5; 4, Stumpy Hill Farm, Boone. Southern Section — 1, J. A. Mason,
Carlisle, 933.2; 2, Maple Side Farm, Swan, 912.2; 3, J. W. Freel & Son,
Pleasantville, 911.5; 4, B. Freel & Son, Pleasantville, 694.2. Special Polk
County — 1, John Justice, Ankeny, 919.3. Sweepstakes for highest scoring
exhibits — 1, E. M. Wilson, Panora; 2, J. A. Mason, Carlisle; 3, J. T.
Wasson, Panora; 4, John Justice, Ankeny.
Many persons were interested in the display made by the several state
institutions under the management of the State Board of Control. The
institution at Cherokee showed all sorts of hand work done by men and
women inmates in the way of crocheting, tatting, rug making, basketry
and wood work. Most visitors marveled at the excellent work put out
by these institutions. At Fort Madison a chair factory is operated and
the product turned out is of high quality. It sells on the market in com-
petition with other products of similar character. Different things are
manufactured at the different institutions, each specializing on some one
product.
The Iowa State College exhibits, housed under the grand stand, were
unquestionably better than any this institution has ever shown before.
The agronomy department featured the several high yielding varieties
of oats which it has developed in recent years. Iowa 103 oats, for ex-
ample, averages 3.9 bushels more per acre than the common varieties
it is displacing over the state; Iowa 105, 2.5 bushels more; Iowar, 6.1
bushels more; and Iogren, 7.6 bushels more than the common varieties.
The latter variety is one of recent development and has not yet been
tried by farmers on a large scale, but it is one of the most promising
sorts the college has originated. We are growing annually five million
acres of oats in Iowa. If none but the new varieties were grown, which
average 4.34 bushels more per acre than the old varieties, Iowa would
produce approximately 24 million bushels more per year than is now the
case. This shows the importance of the work of oat improvement.
The soils department called attention to the results that have been
obtained from liming the soil in various parts of the' state. Statistics
were presented, for example, from soils requiring two tons or less of
ground limestone per acre, which showed that with manure average
110 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
yields in four-year rotations were 1.6 tons clover, 57.5 bushels first-year
corn, 51.6 bushels second-year corn and 48.3 bushels oats. In the same
rotation of clover, corn, corn and oats, manure and lime increased the
yield up to the following figures: 'Clover, 1.8 tons per acre; first-year
corn, 62.1 bushels; second-year corn, 56.1 bushels; and oats, 56.3 bushels
per acre. Similar results have been obtained on soils pronouncedly sour,
such as require from two to three tons of limestone per acre. The lesson
was that liming soils pays and approximately 75 per cent of Iowa soils
are in need of lime. In this connection the soils department showed a
new and very simple test for soil acidity that any farmer can readily
make himself. The product used for making the test is called "Richor-
poor." Any county agent can give information about where to buy "Rich-
orpoor" and how to apply it in testing soils for acidity.
The department of botany displayed a number of the common plant
diseases affecting farm crops. One of these diseases — corn ear rot — was
featured. Last year Iowa corn suffered considerably from this disease,
which is a mold. It is also referred to as dry rot of corn. It flourishes
in years when much wet weather comes during the latter part of August
and the first part of September and may do considerable damage in some
sections of the state this year. The principal damage done by this dis-
ease, however, is in the spring at planting time in reducing the stand.
Seed corn may be infected with dry rot and not be noticed on the ears
unless a very close inspection is made. And even then it may not be
detected. Fortunately it can easily be found if the seed is given a germina-
tion test. When the mold is present it begins to grow as soon as the
corn sprouts and can be seen on the sprouts and their roots as a white
filmy mold growing all over these parts. Corn infected with the dry
rot fungus should not be planted, as it is sure to reduce the stand from
15 to 30 or more per cent, the exact amount depending upon the amount
of the fungus present on the seed kernels. All kernels affected with
this rot die before the sprouts come through the ground. Every farmer
should learn to recognize this disease and guard against it.
The poultry department displayed some very interesting figures from
a poultry feeding test that has been in progress for nine months on the
college poultry farm. Results from five pens were shown. The birds
in each pen have been fed the same scratch grain and rye mash of grain
for nine months. In addition to these rations some pens were fed defi-
nite quantities of a high protein product as tankage, beef scrap, powdered
buttermilk, etc. The scratch grain for all pens was composed of two
parts by weight of shelled corn and one part of whole oats, while the dry
mash was composed of one-third by weight of ground corn, ground oats
and wheat middlings.
Pen 5 received nothing but these feeds and produced 36.2 eggs per hen
in nine months. Pen 1 received 25 per cent of tankage mixed with the
basal dry mash and produced 60.5 eggs per hen in the same time. Pen
2 received 25 per cent beef scrap mixed with the basal dry mash and
produced 70 eggs per hen. Pen 3 received 25 per cent dried buttermilk
with the basal dry mash and produced 97 eggs per hen. Pen 4 received
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 111
about four times as many pounds of fresh buttermilk as the basal dry-
mash and produced 100.7 eggs per hen in the nine months. This test
will be continued till a full year has been completed, but so far it has
taught a most valuable lesson concerning the necessity of furnishing a
certain amount of animal protein in the hen's ration if a high egg yield
is desired.
The agricultural economics department presented some striking results
taken from 26 Marshall county farms operated by their owners in the
usual way. The figures showed that the cost of producing grain, beef
and pork varies to an astonishing extent. These variations are due to
soil conditions, varieties of grain grown, methods of feeding employed
and general management particularly in the utilization of horse and man
labor to best advantage.
Manufacturers and distributors of farm implements and machinery
were out in full force this year and they seemed to be confident that the
farmer's purchasing power will soon be a great deal larger than it has
been during the last two years or so. In other words they view the
future with confidence. This is good news for the farmers who still
look with more or less suspicion upon prices of farm products during
1923. Live stock producers as a class, however, are just as hopeful
about the future as are the farm machinery men. They are not worry-
ing about prices half so much as about the present scarcity of money.
Could they obtain the necessary financial support to buy cattle and hogs
they could put their big supply of feed to excellent use and make good
profits. The same is true of those who want to buy good breeding stock
while price conditions are favorable.
It was a real pleasure to walk through the acres and acres of machinery
exhibits and see some of the hundreds of improvements that have been
made in recent years and to note the new things that are being put on
the market. The standard makes of machinery were to be seen every-
where and each exhibitor, it seemed, had something new to which to call
the attention of the public. Progress, wonderful progress was to be seen
on every hand. The American farmer owes much of his efficiency and
his ability in reducing production costs to the farm machinery manu-
facturer and the latter, in turn, owes just as much to the progressive
attitude of the farmer to seize upon worth while improvements and make
use of them.
It is impossible to discuss the immense exhibits in detail, but it may
be said in passing that there were a lot of labor-saving conveniences in
evidence in which farm women were intensely interested. Electric light-
ing outfits and accessories that can be used with them were seen on
every hand. Milking machines also attracted a great deal of attention
and manufacturers stated that the demand for them has grown consider-
ably in the last thirteen months on account of so many farmers turning
to the dairy cow to augment the daily income of each.
In the dairy line a two-gallon churn attracted a great deal of atten-
tion. This is turned by hand and churns butter in one minute; in fact
112 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— 'PART III.
butter was made with this little churn on the grounds in 30 to 55 seconds,
and the surprising thing about it was that the butter made came in good
granular form. The bowl is made of ordinary white porcelain enameled
ware and when filled to its capacity for churning, one can make two
pounds of butter to the churning. The advantage of such a churn for
average farm conditions is evident. One need not hold the cream for
long periods of time, but can churn every day if desired and never miss
the time. The churn was invented in Australia and will soon be in the
hands of retailers all over the middle west.
Ford and Fordson attachments are becoming so numerous that we
would hesitate to guess at the number now on the market. One new
and rather startling invention was exhibited as an attachment for a
Fordson on the fair grounds that deserves mention. It is a contrivance
with which gas is produced by the decomposition of water. Water is
composed of two gases, hydrogen and oxygen. As the hydrogen is liber-
ated it is used as fuel, supplying the motive power for the machine.
Should this invention prove a success it will undoubtedly be attached
to all kinds of tractors and trucks, for it is said to greatly reduce the
fuel cost. It is already in use, experimentally, for heating apartment
houses and it is said to reduce the cost of heating some 30 to 45 per cent.
Those who find difficulty in filling their silos on account of scarcity of
labor took pleasure in investigating the Ronning silage cutter that was
exhibited. This machine cuts the standing corn in the field into silage
lengths and elevates the cut corn into a wagon box. It is then hauled
to the silo and blown into it in the usual way. With this machine five
men can fill a silo without lifting as much as a single cornstalk. A
thousand of these machines are already in use in this country, half of
them in Iowa. It is said to give excellent satisfaction and the manu-
facturers claim that as soon as the machine becomes generally known
no silos will ever be left unfilled in the fall.
Another interesting thing among the machinery exhibits was a wind-
mill with an attachment for making electricity. This attachment has
been made for four years and is said to be very economical for furnish-
ing electricity for lighting the farm home. When the windmill is not
needed for pumping water it stores up electricity in a large storage bat-
tery and thus supplies both water and light without any fuel cost.
BEEF CATTLE
The Iowa State Fair has established a reputation throughout the entire
country for putting on superior beef cattle shows. This year's show will
only help to strengthen this reputation, for it was truly a wonderful
exhibition of bovine excellence. More cattle were in the stalls and the
quality showed an improvement over last year. The number of the dif-
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 113
ferent breeds shown were as follows: Shorthorns, 261; Polled Short-
horns, 60; Hereford, 242; Aberdeen Angus, 148; Red Polls, 82, and Gallo-
ways, 30. The show has grown to such proportions that it really is a
problem to handle the judging with the present pavilion accommodations.
Main interest centered about the judging of the Herefords, Shorthorns
and Angus, but the other breeds also attracted a great deal of attention.
With the pure-bred business fast establishing itself on a firm foundation
and good prices for cattle prevailing on the open market the breeders
were all in very good spirits.
DAIRY CATTLE
The dairy cattle show was by far the largest in several years. Not
only was it the largest show in some time, but it was also a show of
high quality and a show of highly valuable and productive dairy animals.
The Holsteins led in number with 144 entries, Jerseys came second with
87, while Guernseys and Ayrshires followed with 49 and 33 head, re-
spectively. Milking Shorthorns were represented by 27 entries. No
Brown Swiss cattle were shown this year. The total number of dairy
entries summed up to 513, a number considerably larger than has been
shown at this fair in several years. In contrast to the comparatively
light showing of Iowa dairy cattle last year, practically all of this year's
herds were from Iowa. The only herd from out of the state among the
Holsteins was from Union College, College View, Neb. A. D. Ralston of
Macon, Mo., was the only outside showman of Jerseys, while the Guern-
seys were all from Iowa excepting the herd of E. S. Persons, Minot,
N. D. The Ayrshires, however, comprised of three herds, two of which
came from Wisconsin and the other from Iowa.
Earl Weaver, head of the dairy husbandry department, Iowa State
College, and assistant superintendent of dairy cattle at the fair, stated
that the Jerseys, Guernseys and Ayrshires had advanced considerably
in number of entries and a little in quality over those shown last year.
As to numbers, the Holstein show was about the same as last year, but
better in quality.
DRAFT HORSES
There isn't a draft horse show at any of the state fairs that attracts as
much attention as the one at the Iowa State Fair. Hundreds of persons
watched the judging this year and the show was decidedly worth their
while. Four breeds, Percherons, Belgians, Shires and Clydesdales, were
exhibited. The Percheron show of more than 160 entries led the list,
and it was the best show the breed has ever held at Des Moines. Bel-
gians stood next in numbers with about 115 head. Shire entries totaled
approximately 80 and of Clydesdales there were about 40 head.
Judges found plenty of competition in the three first breeds. Especially
were the younger classes strong, which indicates horse breeders are
preparing to supply breeding stock for the demand that is certain to
come. Horsemen from all over the country attended the ringside. They
8
114 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
came to see what Iowa breeders are doing, whether they too have sensed
the upward trend of the horse business. Practically every exhibitor,
they found, is increasing his holdings preparing young stuff to meet the
demand. Men acquainted with the horse situation have contended for
the last several years that there would be a near horse famine in this
country when present stocks come to be replaced. It took breeders a
good while to see this future condition in the face of a slow market two
or three years ago, and it is doubtful if they started restocking soon
enough.
The state fair draft show is a pretty good indicator of horse breeders'
activities. The better show this year, especially the increased entries
and larger number of exhibitors, evidently means that breeders have
felt the stimulus of an awakening demand. Of course there are a number
of established breeders who show as a matter of policy every year and
since Iowa is a great draft horse state there is always a good show, but
this year there were many young breeders and new exhibitors, which
is a favorable indication.
Iowa furnished most of the entries. In one or two of the breeds only
a few head from outside the state were shown.
SWINE
The hog show at the Iowa State Fair was nearly as large in numbers
but surpassed in uniformity and quality any previous swine exhibitions
at Des Moines. It was composed of 625 Hampshires, 510 Duroc Jerseys,
454 Poland Chinas, 317 Spotted Poland Chinas, 292 Hampshires and 13
Berkshires. In the boys' pig club classes there were 117 Poland Chinas,
81 Duroc Jerseys, 81 Hampshires, 54 Spotted Poland Chinas, 26 Tarn-
worths, 25 Chester Whites, 20 Yorkshires and four Berkshires. There
were 2,550 shown by breeders and 408 by pig club boys or a grand total
of 2,958 head on exhibition. The capacity of the swine division is a few
over 3,000. The pig clubs won a new national record. Last year they
exhibited 300 head. Previous to that the record for numbers was held
in Atlanta, Georgia, where 245 head were exhibited in 1919.
Three breed associations established new national records for numbers
exhibited at state fairs — Tamworths, Hampshires and Spotted Poland
Chinas. The Tamworths exhibited 65 head last year at Iowa State Fair
and 255 head at the National Swine Show in Peoria, 111. Their exhibit
this year was larger than the Chester Whites, which for many years
held third place at the Iowa State Fair.
The swine show this year might well be called a quality exhibition
throughout. All of the breeds displayed improved quality and a uni-
formity that made every ring a contest. There was missing the out-
standing individuals of former shows. The grand champions of the breeds
were all good specimens in type and quality. Probably the most out-
standing feature of the show was the exhibit of Tamworths. The aged
herd of sows and the aged herd owned by exhibitor were outstanding
exhibits and probably the best ever shown of that breed.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 115
The only fly in the ointment was the disallowing of the prize moneys
won by a well-known Poland China firm from Missouri, that exhibited
under false pretenses. With this exception, the swine show at Iowa
State Fair was probably the best in its history and sets a new record
cor the future that will be difficult to excel.
SHEEP
With pure-bred sheep from 30 Iowa breeders, two from Missouri and
one each from Nebraska and Illinois, the sheep exhibition at the Iowa
State Fair decidedly eclipsed that of last year in numbers, if not in
quality. There were about 700 sheep shown. The Shropshires led in
numbers with Oxford Downs, Southdowns and Cotswolds following in
the order named. An unusually fine increase was shown in the number
of entries in all the fine wool breeds, the Rambouillets and Delaines
especially. There were about 160 Delaines shown, three times as many
as last year. All in all, a better quality of fine wool sheep was shown,
indicating that the growing of sheep for wool is gaining in popularity.
The total entries for this year's sheep exhibition exceeded that of last
year by at least one-third and the entries were fairly well divided among
the various breeds and classes. All pens were crowded to make room
for the extra number of entries.
Some of the good sheep to be shown here, and really fitted for the
purpose, suffered from the two weeks' hot weather preceding the fair.
Consequently, it was necessary for several breeders to substitute poorer
qualified sheep.
An exhibition of milk goats in one corner of the mammoth sheep barn
afforded considerable comment and several sales of milk goats were
reported. The goats are quite in demand, as their milk is of high quality
and rich in butter fat. They appeal especially to persons in towns and
suburban residents.
STATE FAIR POULTRY SHOW
(From Iowa Homestead)
The poultry show staged at Iowa State Fair this year excelled any
previous show of its kind both in number of birds shown and in the qual-
ity displayed throughout. Entries in this year's poultry show exceeded
last year's exhibit by at least 25 per cent, there being 2,300 birds shown
in the open classes and about 600 in the boys' and girls' classes. The
show was not monopolized by the breeders of carload lots. In contrast,
it was a show put up by specialty breeders who exhibited fowls of a high
degree of quality. All breeds were well represented, the only two stand-
ard breeds not present were the Sicilian Buttercups and the White Faced
Black Spanish. The Rhode Islands, Barred Rocks and White Wyan-
dottes had by far the largest classes, the Barred Rocks having 16 sep-
arate entries, which was considerably more than for previous years.
116 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
V. G. Warner, superintendent of poultry, said: "The prize winners
could be taken out of any of the classes exhibited here and the remain-
ing birds would be as good in quality as are seen at the average show
at this time of the year. This statement points to the fact that this
year's poultry show was far above the average in quality. A fortunate
circumstance for Iowa in connection with this quality show was the fact
that all the poultry exhibitors were Iowans.
A feature of unusual interest to the fowl followers at the fair was the
wonderful showing made of pigeons. Previous to this year, pigeon en-
tries had always been rather weak. This year, partly due to a national
meeting of Swiss Mondaine pigeon breeders held here, pigeon breeders
from all parts of the United States were present with their breeds.
There were pigeon exhibitors at the fair from as far east as New York
and as far south as South Carolina and as far west as California. Breeds
for squab breeding were more in prominence, yet there was a good show-
ing of pigeons in the Carrier, Homer, Fantail and Carneaux classes.
In the duck and geese classes, entries also exceeded those of last year,
the rise being about 20 per cent above the year previous. This was the
first time the waterfowl were shown under the National Waterfowl
Breeders' Association. Gerald R. Duncan, state vice-president of the
association, was in charge, while Oscar Grow, state secretary, was the
judge. The quality of the entries was fair with some outstanding indi-
viduals in both the duck and geese classes.
Entries in the Bantam classes also increased in this year's show.
There were nearly twice as many bantams this year, their number being
112. Several exceptional high quality and pretty hanties were on exhi-
bition.
The poultry building on the hill was crowded from morning till night
with enthusiastic chicken fanciers who wished to see what the other
fellow had succeeded in raising and to compare the fruits of his or her
efforts with the results of his own. Representatives of many commer-
cial chick feeds, feed mixtures, egg producing mixtures and the like
were present and no doubt convinced many people as to the better ways
of handling chickens for profit. More interest was shown in the judge's
results than has been manifested heretofore, which indicates that more
people are becoming acquainted with the value of good poultry and
waterfowl.
FARM BUREAU DAY AT THE FAIR
(From Iowa Homestead)
After conceding Iowa the honor of standing second to his own state in
agriculture, and practically everything else worth while in the world,
Governor Preus, of Minnesota, counseled the farmers of the Hawkeye
state to follow in the footsteps of those of his own state and find a solu-
tion of many of their problems by widening their field of co-operative
effort.
The governor is thoroughly sold on co-operative effort for farmers. He
made it very plain that he favored that plan of action in preference to
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 117
state ownership of industries, as preached in North Dakota. The latter,
he was sure, would prove impractical, chiefly because it would be im-
mediately embroiled in politics.
He reviewed the birth and progress of co-operative effort in Minnesota,
from the days of five cent butter to the present, when Minnesota cream-
ery butter takes first rank in the world of business and sells for attrac-
tive prices accordingly.
Citing the advantages of co-operative marketing in the live stock field
he declared that no less than 65 per cent of all the live stock marketed
in Minnesota this year will reach the ultimate consumer through means
of the co-operative live stock commission companies recently established
in that state.
After making the flat statement that "government operation is not as
efficient as private enterprise," the governor touched upon some of the
more pressing problems of the hour, strikes, transportation, etc. Be-
cause they are so far away from the producing coal fields he declared
that the late coal strike had done more than any other single influence
this year to tie up industry in Minnesota and the states farther west,
with the situation still further aggravated by the railroad strike coming
on the heels of it. He insisted that the Interstate Commerce Commission
has the power to take over the rolling stock of the railroads, and that if
it would do that and turn its immediate attention to the problem of
coal distribution it could confer an immeasurable blessing upon the
American people and their various lines of business.
He closed with an earnest tribute to "the best of all governments upon
earth," and declared that the "United States has given more happiness to
more people than all the other governments in existence."
The morning session opened with a half-hour concert by the Page
County Farmers' Band, an aggregation of capable young farmer-musi-
cians under the leadership of the veteran bandmaster, Major Landers.
President C. W. Hunt, of the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation, spoke
briefly, and in an optimistic strain. He declared that the handwriting
on the wall indicates a very general improvement, if not a complete
solution, of some of the questions that have been vexing the agricultural
world for so many years, questions of marketing, finance and legislation.
And he reminded his audience of the measures introduced and passed
in congress and many of the state legislatures, all designed for and
leading to an early improvement of conditions surrounding the business
ct tilling the soil.
At the request of President Hunt, E. H. Cunningham, secretary of the
Iowa Farm Bureau Federation, took the platform and talked a few
minutes. His remarks had to do chiefly with his recently accepted work
in reorganizing the U. S. Grain Growers, Inc. He expressed himself as
hopeful of ultimate success, at the same time warning his hearers against
being over-optimistic as to immediate results.
The five live stock commission companies established at various ter-
minal points by the National Live Stock Producers' Association are all
"functioning 100 per cent efficient," said Mr. Cunningham, and it is
hoped that similar agencies can be put into operation at other points
in the near future.
118 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK^PART III.
J. W. Coverdale, secretary of the American Farm Bureau Federation,
talked a few minutes, telling of the work of the national organization,
and what it hoped to be able to do in the future.
Solution of the membership problem of Iowa Farm Bureau Federation
may come through the wives of members. That women are vitally inter-
ested in the organization was evident during the forepart of the after-
noon session of Farm Bureau Day. They had been granted or had
appropriated, perhaps, as future developments may show, that portion
of the day. Mrs. W. A. Tanner, Palo, la., chairman of the women's con-
gressional district committee of the state federation, probably revealed
the secret in stating that when a man gets in a tight place he hunts for a
woman to get him out. Maybe Secretary Cunningham did not realize it
at the time, but he probably furnished the entering wedge for a solution
of the membership problem when he asked women representatives of
the congressional districts to meet with him in Des Moines last April.
And now the other half of the farm bureau in Iowa declare that they are
going to see it through.
Mrs. Ellsworth Richardson, Pella, la., presided in the afternoon. Dif-
ferent members of the women's committee were asked to report on
methods they were using to strengthen the bureau in their districts.
These committee women are seeking support of farmers through their
wives and children and are managing the farms while their husbands are
away on bureau business.
Mrs. C. C. Schuttler, Farmington, Mo, chairman of the American Farm
Bureau Federation committee of five women on rural home problems,
addressed the meeting on the woman's part in farm bureau work and her
opportunities for community service. The organization made a mistake
in not calling upon the women sooner. They now have a vote and wield
a bit of influence, she pointed out, so that winning their support is quite
is important as converting the heads of families. In the wives of mem-
bers, the bureau has an untapped reservoir of power and resourcefulness
which she would have turned to account.
Farm women fail in their calling, she declared, if they do not use at
least a part of the pleasure gained through labor saving devices in mak-
ing the community the kind of place in which they want their children to
live. It is not enough that they train their children properly, but they
must throw neighbors in the way of proper upbringing their children so
that the entire community may be made better. She urged the wives of
Iowa farm bureau members to interest their neighbors in the organiza-
tion. But organization alone will not solve all ills. Members must make
use of the bureau, else it will not function. Not only must the farmer
be convinced that he should join, but he must learn that the bureau is
worthless unless he uses it. No one else can use it for him.
The annual farm bureau day closed with conferences of congressional
district executive committeemen. A state-wide membership drive is
planned for October 12th. Plans were discussed for collecting delinquent
dues and of convincing bankers that they should honor membership
checks presented to them for collection.
In the membership drive the state federation will supply executive
committeemen with plans, directions, form letters, contract blanks, and
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 119
notify all local county and township officers of the county meetings. The
executive committeemen will arrange for county meetings during Sep-
tember, notify all officers and directors, supply those in attendance with
plans for directing township meetings, and confer with local represent-
atives on their special membership problems.
The county bureau will be responsible for local meetings and assure
the presence of all officers and township directors and their wives. An
effort will be made to get at least one township director or officer and
his wife and as many more as possible to attend the county-wide meeting.
Township directors will arrange the meeting in their communities and in-
sure the attendance of as many local officers, co-operators and members
as possible. They will apportion the territory of each district to at least
three active members and supply each membership committee with a
list of paid and delinquent members in that district. Soliciting commit-
tees will report to the directors who will in turn report to the county
bureau.
STATE AND NATIONAL HORSESHOE TOURNAMENT
(From Iowa Homestead)
A remarkable feature of growing interest is the rejuvenated interest
displayed in the old-fashioned game of horseshoes. A national tourna-
ment for both men and women with entries from 13 states, ranging from
New York to California and from Minnesota to Oklahoma, provided
thrills a-plenty for affectionate followers and ringside spectators of the
coming game, "barnyard golf." A state tournament was also held to
decide this year's state champion. In this there were 89 entries, mostly
champions of their counties or districts. The national tournament had
86 entries who could be pitchers without reputations, but most of these
contestants were either state or city champions. The interest shown in
the tournaments served in no small way to detract people from the main
attractions in front of the amphitheater. A throng of people filled the
bleachers surrounding the courts from morning until night, astonished
at the ease with which the contestants threw ringers and doubles time
after time.
Horseshoe bids fair to become a popular universal sport, especially
since so many fairs and clubs have initiated tournaments with valuable
prizes for the winners. Small clubs similar to golf clubs are being or-
ganized throughout the United States. "Barnyard golf" is a game purely
of science and skill, a game of clean outdoor competition and a game
which requires wonderful nerve and muscle control. Although the
original game of horseshoes was confined quite largely to the farmers,
the new game seems to be followed extensively by their city cousins.
But the fact still remains that our rural horseshoe pitchers tend to make
the better contestors as is evidenced in the final standing of the national
tournament to decide the world's championship. Out of 16 players al-
lowed to compete in the finals, nine were Iowans First, second and
third places were held by Iowans, the first being Frank Lundin, a lad
of 22, from New London, Iowa. The new world's champion came to the
120 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
tournament unheralded and unsung as a horshoe pitcher, but before he
had played long in the preliminaries of the state tournament it was con-
ceived that he was an exceptional pitcher.
Lundin defeated all his opponents and won the state title by defeat-
ing Frank Jackson, the 1921 national and state champion, of Kellerton,
Iowa, the first two games out of three by the score of 50-10 and 50-17.
In the national tournament, Lundin maintained a fast pace of about two
ringers out of every three shoes pitched. In winning both state and
national honors, Lundin carried off a sum of $575 in prizes and cash.
The former world's champion, Frank Jackson, pitched very consistently
and proved himself to be second to none except the youthful marvel.
Lyle Brown, a 16-year-old Des Moines lad, placed third.
The official game of horseshoe, or "barnyard golf," as it is affection-
ately called by real lovers of the game, require that the pegs be eight
inches above the ground and surrounded by potter's clay which must
be moist and worked to a putty-like consistency. The pitching distance
is 40 feet from stake to stake for the men and 30 for the women. The
stakes must slant one inch in the direction of the coming throw. The
official horseshoe must weigh two pounds eight ounces and cannot be
wider than three and one-half inches between the calks. A certain num-
ber of revolutions is given to the shoe when it leaves the pitcher's hand
so that the shoe will be open when it lights at the peg. This is the hard-
est thing to learn in horseshoes, so expert pitchers say.
JOSHAWAY SEES THE STATE FAIR
What He Saw, What He Liked, and Why He's Coming Again
(From Wallaces' Farmer, Des Moines, Iowa)
That noted contributing editor of Wallaces' Farmer, Joshua Crabapple,
turned his talents to a new field of effort last week. He took in the Iowa
State Fair and this is what he has to tell Cousin Bill about it.
Dear Bill: My legs ache a little still, two of the kids have colds, and
the wife says she wouldn't go through it again if somebody was to pay
her for it, which there ain't much danger of. But just the same I claim
it was a good fair and I'm glad I went. I got in early to see the big
train smash on Saturday. I've seen plenty of good horses and cattle and
hogs, but I never saw a train wreck, so I said: "Here's where we see it
all. Just as well get there a little early and see the whole show."
That idea proved, Bill, that I am a representative Iowan. Sixty thou-
sand other folks had just exactly the same notion. I never see such a
jam. It wasn't such a nice day, either, it rained pitchforks on them poor
fellers that was running around on the track. But people stayed out
and got wet and figured the excitement would dry them off.
That train wreck, Bill, was just a bit over-recommended. I have saw
plenty of auto accidents that looked a good deal worse. The engines was
just a bit weak in the knees. They did their best, but the most they
could work up to was a dizzy speed of about ten miles an hour. At
that they must have smashed up their cowcatchers pretty bad, I shouldn't
wonder.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 121
You may not believe me, Bill, but there wasn't any street car strike
in Des Moines this year. No, sir, we got pretty good service, and if a
man felt sorta luxurious he could get in an auto and ride in for a quarter.
But it wouldn't be fair time if something didn't happen. So it rained
frequently and hard. Always, or most always, at night, though. Regular
washerwomen's weather. A little hard on the folks that was camping
out, I expect, but even if they did get damp most every night, they was
always some sunshine next day to dry out things.
Folks are funny. Here we had almost seventy thousand people for
the train wreck day and less than forty thousand for the live stock
parade, the best feature of the fair. And it was a mighty fine parade,
too. That is, my oldest boy, Jim, who had a calf in it, tells me it was.
I thought I'd better be starting home about Wednesday night, and
missed it.
Fairs ought to be educational, and this one certainly was for me. I
learned that I'm not near as good a horseshoe pitcher as I thought I was.
You know they always thought — leastways I did — up in our neighborhood,
that I was pretty fair. Beat most of the boys and pretty easy, too.
Let me tell you something, Bill. As a horseshoe pitcher I'm not even
good enough to carry the shoes for Frank Jackson or Lundin or most
of those boys. Why, Bill, up our way if a man throws a ringer about
every third or fourth shoe, we thinks he's a wonder. When they get a
player like that in the tournament at the fair, though, everybody looks
like they wondered who left the gate open and what's this stray doin'
here? Ringers and double ringers don't mean nothing to those fellows.
Only time one looks pleased is when he piles up a double ringer on a
double ringer the other fellow has just thrown. Frank Lundin, of New
London, got both state and national championship. Frank Jackson was
runner up.
There's lots of apples in Iowa this year, Bill. You should have seen
the bunch they had up in the agricultural building. I guess this will be
a good year to buy up several barrels and put them down cellar and
cheat old Doc Barnes out of some more money, eh, Bill?
The county exhibits wasn't quite as strong as last year, but we still
worked up quite a little excitement over which was which and whether
the judge really knew his business. Polk county got first in the state
again, with Guthrie second, West Pottawattamie third, Carroll fourth
and Clarke fifth. Webster was first in the north central section, Osceola
first in the northern section, West Pottawattamie in the southern and
Polk in the south central section.
On the individual farms E. M. Wilson of Panora, J. A. Mason of Car-
lisle, J. T. Wason of Panora, and John Justice of Ankeny, placed in that
order for the highest scoring exhibits. I sorta guess you would call these
fellows general purpose farmers. Me, I figure on letting the other
fellow do a little work. I don't want to raise everything on one farm.
I'll swap a pig or two for some fruit and not run around in circles quite
so much.
Speaking of farmers, the state of Iowa isn't so slow. The exhibit of
the Board of Control over under the amphitheater was mighty fine. Good
looking handwork of all sorts and mighty good looking truck.
122 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
Need any lime or your land, Bill? I got a pretty good hunch I do. The
college at Ames had a map up in their exhibit showing what soils needed
lime and how much, and it looks as if us farmers had better charter a
few quarries and a railroad or two and get a little on our farms.
The farm economics exhibit wasn't very cheerful. It said quite a bit
about how much some Marshall county farmers didn't make last year,,
and Marshall county ain't so far away from you and me as it might be,
you know that, Bill. It did give helpful ideas, though. I guess as how
I'll mention to our shipping association secretary that he'd better take
a look at the record keeping system the college is getting out.
Lots of machinery at the fair this year, Bill. In about two more years
I figure on coming here and buying some do-funny that'll let me press a
button about April 1 and then go to California for the summer and lei
the machinery do the work. The only trouble then will be that I'll have
to start playing golf or something or I'll get too fat. Because I don't
intend to stop eating.
Had some trouble with young Peter. He had the notion that he had
to see every show and eat something at every stand on the grounds. I
went around with him to see that he didn't get hisself hurt or nothing,
and I can't see quite how that kid managed to hold all he did. If he'd
been a colt, he'd have died squealing and kicking about the second day.
Being my youngest boy, he just insisted on going around on the roller
coaster again and again and having a wad of candy to chew while he was
doin' it. It's lucky kids are tough, or we certainly wouldn't raise many.
We have a big crowd at the fair this year, sixty thousand more than
last. A more cheerful crowd, too. Guess we've all got used to low
prices and it don't hurt like it used to. And from the way folks bought
seats in the grand stand, I guess there must be a few of us who have a
spare half dollar or two tucked away somewhere.
You said you was too poor and too busy to come to the fair this year,
didn't you, Bill? Bill, listen to me. You ain't that poor and you ain't
that busy.
A state fair is one thing a farmer can't afford to miss. He grubs around
in the barnyard a good part of the year, and he gets to figuring that he
don't amount to much and farming don't amount to much, and what's
the use anyway. And then he comes to the fair, and he sees the finest
exhibition of live stock and crops in the country, and some of it is his,
and he begins to perk up. He walks through machinery hall, and a lot of
dressed up young fellows kowtow to him and asks him what does he
think of this machine, Mr. Smith? Honest, Bill, one fellow tried to sell
me a $5,000 automobile.
The state fair makes you feel better inside. It makes you feel that
you belong to a real profession, that you're working on a real job, the
most important in the world, and that the men with you are the kind
you want to work with. You'll like the stock and the amusements, too,
Bill, but that feeling alone is worth quite a bit of railroad fare and hotels
and war tax on top of it.
Try it next year, Bill. It's worth the effort. Your wife will like it,
and although my woman is feeling sorta fagged out now over the trip,
I know mighty well that my rations would be cut pretty short if I told
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 123
her I wasn't going next year. And I don't believe I'd dare to even hint
such a thing before the youngsters, for they enjoyed everything there,
from the time we got inside the gate to the time we came away. I almost
forgot to tell you how interested they were in boys' and girls' work over
the state as exhibited at the fair.
Give my love to all the folks.
YOUR COUSIN JOSHUA.
THE CATTLE SHOW
Iowa may well be proud of her 1922 cattle show. Unfavorable traffic
conditions failed to deter the exhibitors who had made entries, and
although many herds arrived late, the opening of the judging on Monday
found the largest and best balanced display of bovine excellence that has
ever graced the Iowa State Fair barns. Shorthorns, Herefords and
Aberdeen Angus were out in numbers equal or superior to previous high
marks. Polled Shorthorns and Red Polls made as creditable a show of
these breeds as has ever been seen at Des Moines. Especially gratifying
was the increased numbers and improved quality of the 1922 dairy cattle
exhibit, as contrasted with that of last year. Holsteins, Jerseys and
Guernseys each helped to raise the standard where it belongs. The
show of Ayrshires, Milking Shorthorns and Galloways was lighter than
has been seen in some years. A notable feature of the cattle competition
was that the animals, as a whole, were more skillfully fitted than has fre-
quently been the case in past years. There were but few animals that
lacked noticeably in condition and at the same time there were hardly
any that had been overfitted. Prom the standpoint of the state the most
satisfactory feature of the show was that it was predominantly Iowan in
make-up.
THE HORSE SHOW
Iowa may justly be proud of the draft horse exhibition at the 1922 fair,
since there were but two exhibitors from without the state. A few of the
larger breeders were represented, but the show in the main was provided
by breeders who showed from one to five or six animals. The actual
number of exhibitors showing draft horses was 106, which exceeds the
numbers for recent years, while the number of horses present was less
than last year. A number of new breeders figured prominently in the
prize lists. From almost every angle, the 1922 show was considered as
the most significant yet held with respect to the advancement of horse
breeding in Iowa. Draft horse exhibits were reduced to some extent
by the failure of certain entries to arrive, due to bad railroad conditions.
The show of light horses was exceptionally good. Experts declared that
a better collection of saddle horses was never assembled at Des Moines.
The night horse shows delighted every admirer of horseflesh. Exhibits
in the pony section were also highly satisfactory.
THE SWINE SHOW
It would hardly seem like the Iowa State Fair, unless a big show of
hogs was in evidence. This year, despite unfavorable shipping conditions,
124 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
the breeders of the state came to the support of the show in good num-
bers and showed that Iowa is still the leading hog state of the Union,
by putting on a show that has seldom if ever been equalled. There was
real interest in the show from the time the first ring was driven out.
The benches were filled with spectators who watched the judging care-
fully.
POULTRY SHOW AT IOWA STATE FAIR
"The best show we have ever had," declared Mr. Warner, superintend-
ent of the poultry show, "because there isn't a huckster in the building;
every bird is shown by a breeder."
Mr. E. C. Branch, Harry Atkins and E. D. Monilaw judged the chickens
and turkeys and Mr. Oscar Grow the water fowl. "The finest exhibit of
Pekin ducks I ever saw, not barring Chicago," Mr. Warner commended,
and indeed the ducks of all breeds and varieties were a great show. In
the Pekins, there were 12 old drakes, 14 young; 14 old ducks, 13 young.
Of other varieties there were White Aylesbury, Colored Rouens, Black
Cayuga, Gray Call, White Call, Fawn and White India Runner, Blue
Swedish, Black East India, White Crested, Colored Muscovey, White
Muscovey, Buff Orpington.
The geese were housed outside of the poultry building; they were good
pullers for the poultry show — the finest geese Iowa State Fair has pro-
duced. The varieties were Gray Toulouse, White Embden, Gray African,
Brown Chinese, White Chinese.
The turkeys were limited to White Hollands. There is nothing prettier
than a White Holland turkey, but turkeys show off to poor advantage in
* the heat of an August show, and even the prize winners were better birds
than they looked to be in the coops.
Going through the poultry building it seems as though the same birds
in the same coops are there from year to year. This year birds averaged
larger than last year; the quality just a little better so far as color and
fitting was concerned. There are always some birds of such poor quality
that one wonders why the owner did not know his breed well enough to
keep them at home. There are always a few that are disqualified. The
sending of a disqualified fowl to the poultry show is as often the result of
carelessness as of ignorance. We feel sorry when the excellence of an
entire pen of fowls must be thrown under suspicion because of disquali-
fication of one. We were glad to note this year that the cause of dis-
qualification was marked on the cards.
One could have taken out all of the first prize winners in the Reds,
Barred Rocks and White Wyandottes and still have had a good poultry
show. In the White Wyandotte pullet class there were 31 entries. The
sweepstakes pullet was a beautiful bird, well matured, well washed and
conditioned, and deserving of the honor of the best pullet in the show
room. The barring of the Barred Rocks brought forth exclamations of
admiration from visitors.
The sweepstakes cockerel had 21 competitors in his class, and was
worthy of his honors of the best cockerel in the show room.
We regret that we do not have space for the entire list of premium
winners. The poultry show of the club boys and girls was held in poul-
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 125
try hall, and added to the interest shown. The show held good quality,
but was not as large a show as the year before. The young folks deserve
a great deal of credit for the way their interest in poultry has held up.
They are doing good work in the way of study and practice in poultry
keeping, and what is more, they are making their parents step lively to
get as good returns from the farm flock as the boy or the girl is getting
from the club flock.
FARM BUREAU DAY
Farm Bureau Day at the fair every year is becoming a more impor-
tant affair. The big tent this year was filled to overflowing, with men
standing up around the outside. Governor Preus, of Minnesota, gave an
eminently common sense talk on co-operative marketing. He cited both
Minnesota and Wisconsin as outstanding examples of what can be done
in that line. Reviewing co-operative marketing in his own state he went
back in the days when farm butter sold for 5 cents a pound — and he was
inclined to think that was about all the most of it was worth — compar-
ing conditions of that day with the present, when, as every well-informed
person knows, Minnesota creamery butter enjoys a nation-wide reputa-
tion for excellence and tops the market at the selling end.
He told what co-operative marketing had done for the potato growers
of the state, and in the field of live stock marketing declared that not
less than 65 per cent of all stock marketed in Minnesota this year is going
through co-operative channels in the form of co-operative live stock com-
mission firms recently established.
The governor was generous. He was ready to concede that Iowa is a
great state, second to his own state in agriculture and other things that
make life worth while, but he declared the farmers had not yet come
to appreciate the advantages of co-operative effort in disposing of their
farm products, and he urged them to occupy that field as soon as
possible.
Referring to the plan of state ownership of industries, as promoted
and practised to some extent in North Dakota, he was of the opinion
that it would prove impractical, first, because it is human nature for men
to look out for their own interests, and second, because it was certain
to become badly involved in partisan politics.
The morning session was opened by a half-hour concert by the Page
County Farmers Band, an aggregation of young farmer-musicians under
the leadership of the veteran band master, Major Landers. The efforts
of the band were thoroughly appreciated, and the musicians were en-
couraged by liberal applause and many encores.
President Hunt spoke briefly at the beginning of the session. His
remarks took an optimistic turn. He reminded the big audience of the
many legislative accomplishments, both national and state, in behalf of
farming interests, and voiced the opinion that a solution of some of the
farmers' most vexing problems of finance and marketing are not very
far away.
Ed Cunningham, secretary of the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation, was
eagerly greeted. Everyone was anxious to hear what the new president
126 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
of the Grain Growers' Association had to say about the chances of suc-
cess for the reorganized company.
The financial affairs of that organization were found in very bad shape,
he explained, and time and patience on the part of both creditors and
members of the organization will have to be exercised in order that it
may win through in its reorganized form. He expressed the belief that
it would win out, eventually, and hoped that marketing of grain might be
undertaken at no very distant date.
WOMEN'S PART OF FARM BUREAU DAY
The women had a big share in putting over Farm Bureau Day this year.
When the Page County Farmers' Band opened the program there were
more women than men in tne tent. When the women left in the after-
noon following their part on the program in the big tent, the men were
heard to remark that they would just as soon have had the women go on.
Mrs. Richardson opened the program by recounting how a committee
of five women were appointed last year to help solve National Farm
Bureau problems, and she had pleasure in introducing the chairman of
this committee, Mrs. Charles Schuttler, of Farmington, Mo.
Mrs. Schuttler built her talk around a quotation of Sir Horace Plunkett
that "Agriculture is an industry, a business and a life." She stated that
before farmers can have the place belonging to them they must recog-
nize agriculture as interesting and as the most dignified work in which
man can engage. She bewailed the too long working day, stating that
no nation can exist long as a republic which has to labor too long hours
at such hard labor that they are too tired with making a living to make
a life.
Her remedy in part was organization.
Mrs. Schuttler reminded her audience that if it had not been for the
rise in land values, and the unpaid labor of women and children the
American farmer would have found out long ago that he is dead. She
compared the work of farming to a foundation and asked: "Of what good
is the foundation though it be true and strong unless you rear on it a
beautiful structure?"
She stated: The Farm Bureau has untapped reservoirs of power and
strength which should be used — the woman power; that there are places
where there are few, if any, women attending the meetings. "Every
farm woman counts for one vote and one bit of influence; if the Farm
Bureau is wise it will use this power to the utmost. Use them not only
to make better bread and finer cake, and to uplift the school and church,
but use them as a mightly lever behind every sphere of business. As
goes the rural home of the United States, so goes the nation. Farm
Bureau work is not a job for a lot of women; not a job for a lot of men,
it is a job for both working together. We can't draw a line between
men's work and women 's work."
Following Mrs. Schuttler's talk, Mrs. Richardson introduced different
members of the committee for Iowa appointed last January — one for
each congressional district, "to help get the Farm Bureau out of a tight
place."
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 127
Mrs. Latta spoke briefly on "How I helped my husband put the Farm
Bureau work over." Referring to Mrs. Schuttlers "Foundation," Mrs.
Latta said: "Every house must have a firm foundation, but it is made of
small bricks. We must stand together and ask for more time to study
our problems."
We were unable to get the names of the ladies introduced for brief
talks. The topics were: "How Can Women Help Sell the Farm Bureau
Idea?" The answer was to first sell the idea to themselves, and to know
what the idea, history, purpose and accomplishments of the Farm Bureau
are. To sell it through existing organizations whether or not they had a
home demonstration agent.
The Junior Club work has sold the Farm Bureau idea wherever the
work has been undertaken.
One "first chairman" said she thought she should get acquainted with
the ladies on her committees so she stationed herself at the door to get
the names and addresses of those who came in, and found that one
stranger was her neighbor.
In the topic, "Looking Ahead in Farm Bureau Work," the speaker
said: "If we are to reach the goal, we must keep our eyes on the goal."
She got a laugh with her story of the farmer who sold the cattle which
his wife helped to fatten, and brought her home as a gift a pair of over-
shoes with which she could be dry shod for helping him to feed more
cattle. This speaker asked: "Why haggle about organizing the Farm
Bureau? Every other business is organized."
ROUND TABLE OF FARM WOMEN
The round table for farm women at the State Fair Farm Bureau con-
ference was by far the snappiest and best that has been held.
Miss Neal Knowles, who is head of the extension work for women, as
our readers know, opened the program by presenting a report in the
shape of a series of charts, one for each project. These reports, show-
ing as they did the scope of the work being done through the efforts of
the Home Demonstration Agents and local leaders, were inspiring, and
made one feel the force of the big movement towards better homes and
better living which the Farm Bureau and the extension department are
pushing. As Miss Knowles said: "When you are making dress forms,
cheese, and garments, and keeping time budgets, it is the means to an
end, to raise the standards of the home."
She was most enthusiastic about the county project of which we have
spoken elsewhere, saying: "We used to be asked for a little of this or
that, first one project and then another, and at the end of the year the
women did not know they had done anything. Now, they have proved
what they have accomplished through co-operation."
The chairman of the round table then called for five-minute reports on
the various projects. A map of Iowa with the counties drawn in was on
the stage. A thumb tack was pressed into the county of each speaker
who responded to the invitation to report; a blue tack for those who had
been previously invited to speak and a red tack for those who responded
from courtesy from the floor.
128 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
It was interesting to note the anxiety of the women present lest their
county fail to get a red tack. The reports came in like popping corn;
Poweshiek had determined to take up the spending of time project, the
farm women having decided they were taking too much time for their
work. Their purpose was to establish systematizing of home duties to
give more time for home rest and recreation. Nineteen women kept labor
records for one week. As a result some saved time by moving their
tables nearer the stove; one woman estimated that she had saved 6,532
steps by moving the salt cellar nearer the stove.
Others had moved their "dishpans," "put down linoleum," "bought good
egg beaters," "made Sanitas lunch cloths," "tireless cookers," "used pres-
sure cookers for more things," "took up unnecessary rugs." "The project
made us think more before taking unnecessary steps."
In reports from the township chairmen one lady said: "We learned
where our neighbors live and in what township we live."
Several counties reported 100 per cent organized. Scott county has set
a goal for two years' work. In seven months have organized nine classes
and had exhibit at state fair.
Humboldt county has had the projects for dress forms, cheese and soap.
Now are studying how to vote.
Clinton county has three organized groups of women, and seventy-five
books of reports which were used in part as a basis of nutrition work.
The clothing budget was also taken up.
Buena Vista had the project of budget making.
Wapello county had two groups of women studying accounts. Mrs.
Wilkins, Woodbury county, gave an interesting account of demonstrating
the making of Swiss cheese to eight groups of women, forty in a group;
the home demonstration agent had a record of 200 more.
Fayette, Dallas, Hancock and Humboldt counties reported briefly.
Clay county reported on rug making, and mentioned specially the mak-
ing of old-fashioned pulled rugs. They also reported forty-three commu-
nity clubs and twenty-two girls' clubs.
In Dickinson county twenty clubs have been organized since the first
of April.
Cerro Gordo county reported on house furnishing.
Mrs. Wright, of Woodbury county, gave a splendid report on putting
on a milk campaign, which we give elsewhere.
Hardin, Webster and Madison earned their red tack with brief reports.
Shelby county reported ten girls' clubs.
Franklin county reported a child welfare project with every school dis-
trict organized. Posters and essays were written in the school through
the co-operation of the teachers. Before the county nurse came local
leaders weighed and measured the school children.
At their recent Farm Bureau picnic at Hampton some beautiful floats
representing club projects won the admiration of everyone.
Mills county claimed to be the best organized county in the state.
Kossuth and other counties reported, but we were unable to get the
reports of the last half hour.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 129
We thought as we listened to the reports and admired the concise way
in which they were presented, that politicians will do well to recognize
the potential power of the Farm Bureau when the women have the 50-50
interest in it which they are beginning to realize is theirs for the taking.
PROJECTS EXHIBITS AT STATE FAIR
We hope everyone saw the exhibits in the home economics class room
and lecture hall at the state fair. Our own enthusiasm ran high over the
really wonderful work of the women who were responsible for these ex-
hibits, and the quality of the exhibits themselves.
Eleven of the counties with county-wide projects, that is, all town-
ships in the county working on one subject, put on exhibits to show the
work done. They also showed the work done on minor projects, or work
that is done in some of the townships. The exhibits included maps, re-
ports, posters, exhibits used elsewhere, pictures of clubs, work in school
lunches, etc. There were dress forms, demonstrations of the alteration of
patterns, and in some of the exhibits the costumes for different figures
were shown as indicative of their major project — clothing.
Poweshiek county took as a home management project, "Planned
Spending of Time." "Set a hen and get a short cut" was the high light
of their collection of pictures. Pictures and photographs of household
conveniences were shown, also of groups. Programs for the year from
the various township clubs were shown. All of tne programs had the
project in mind. Booklets of clippings which related to the topics chosen
were made and exchanged.
Clinton county had majored on the five months' clothing project and
showed by pictures and forms what was done each month.
Scott county won first prize. Their exhibit was well planned, and their
series of charts and surveys were exceptionally good. Their project was
nutrition. Jones, Marshall, Franklin and Woodbury counties also took
nutrition as their project. Franklin county called attention to their proj-
ect by spelling out the name of the county in milk bottles. A fortune
teller's booth with health fortunes attracted attention.
Beautifying the home grounds was Mahaska's project; the map and
model homestead were most interesting and attractive. Most of the ad-
mirers looked at the model farm as a really truly farm with trees and
grass despite the comment of one who knew: "They dyed their own
sponges for trees and they greened their own sawdust for grass."
Junior club work was the project of Johnson county; their exhibit
showed photographs of club groups, and gave reports of the work done.
In Webster county all but two of the twenty-three townships were in the
poultry project. Sixteen out of the twenty-three flocks are record flocks.
Story county had a very excellent exhibit carrying out their project of
clothing. The tied and dyed work exhibit in the Story county exhibit at-
tracted much attention.
Woodbury county, "where the tall corn grows," showed a miniature
milk booth.
West Pottawattamie had an interesting exhibit showing the suitability
of clothes, use of remnants, etc., among other attractive features.
9
130 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
IOWA'S FAIR CAPS THE CLIMAX AGAIN
(From Breeders' Gazette, Chicago, 111.)
More than 360,000 people — mostly farmers — attended the 68th annual
Iowa State Fair in Des Moines last week. Educationally and qualita-
tively, it was "Iowa's best," and there was plenty of it for every one
and every member of the family, whether information, recreation or
amusement or all were sought. . It was a comprehensive, well-balanced
exposition of the banner agricultural state's farm and factory products,
with amusements, thrills, excellent orchestral music, and grand opera
choruses thrown in to variegate the many-angled program every day and
evening during the week. The builders and keepers of this fair know
their business; they know what to do, and how to do it; they have the
best of materials to work With, and, best of all, they have a citizenry in
Iowa that co-operates with them, and appreciates and supports the in-
comparable net result. The definite and sustained motive of the insti-
tution is educational service to farmers and people identified in Iowa
with the industries based on agriculture. It succeeds magnificently, and
deserves success.
The breeding and feeding of meat-making live stock constitute the
basic farm enterprise in Iowa. With its large surplus of corn and forage
crops, the state is uniquely dependent on beef cattle and hogs for a
local outlet for tbese meat-making feeds. A state-wide and active in-
terest in improving and increasing these classes of live stock, and sheep
as well, is the most important fact seen, heard and read at the fair. A
considerable percentage of 1921 corn still is in cribs in Iowa; some of
it is going out, and much would go out if the railroads were functioning
dependably. Two weeks ago one of the directors of the fair shipped
15,000 bushels to Chicago for approximately 50 cents a bushel. The crop
this year will equal and probably exceed the state's ten-year average.
There is "a world of feed" in Iowa. In relation to it there is a shortage
of beef cattle and hogs in the state. The fall pig farrow is likely to be
a record-breaker. Sheep raising and the feeding of sheep and lambs are
under way on a greatly expanded scale. Dairying, strongly established,
is being improved in efficiency. A revival in draft horse production in
many regions of the state is reported by many farmers, and the exhibit
in this section at the fair confirmed their views. Iowa is going back
rapidly, though not In a wild rush, to more live stock, per capita, and
more kinds of live stock. It is therefore going forward to a better, more
profitable and more stable agriculture. Its farmers are going to cash
at a profit an enormous tonnage of meat, dairy products, grain, poultry,
eggs and apples before the year ends.
One does not hear much "hard times" talk in Iowa. On the face of
the state today there are no signs of such times. The more one sees
and knows of farms and farming in other states and countries the more
conspicuous Iowa is as a giant horn of plenty; a great cornucopia — with
the accent on the first syllable — which at this season of the year pours
out for public inspection a few samples and specimens of its inexhaust-
ible contents. Thi/» "little" overflow is known and famous as the Iowa
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 131
State Fair. The colossal "show case" in which the public sees the "sam-
ples" consists of dozens of buildings which, with the 360-acre site, are
valued at more than $1,500,000. On the basis of a 12-year average, be-
ginning with 1910, the fair has paid out annually $73,900 in premiums,
been attended by 302,000 people, enjoyed receipts amounting to $234,000,
and had 2,000 exhibitors in all departments. The "plant" is one of Iowa's
gilt-edged investments. For every dollar invested in it the state owns
property valued at $2.15.
The pure-bred beef cattle entries numbered 889, besides 340 "baby"
beeves, shown in the boys' and girls' club department; dual-purpose
cattle, 120, and dairy cattle, 353. The eight breeds of hogs were repre-
sented by 2,550 head, besides 408 shown by boys' and girls' club mem-
bers. The 800 sheep, besides 85 boys' and girls' lambs, registered an
increase in this division. The show of draft horses and geldings and
Shetland ponies was stronger and better than last year's, while mules
made the largest and best exhibition ever seen in Iowa. Saddle horses
were notable in numbers and quality; the harness horse classes were
small. Poultry, numbering about 2,800 birds, in addition to a large entry
by boys and girls, occupied all the space available in the old building
devoted to this interest. Pigeons and rabbits were more numerous than
turkeys, geese and ducks. The combined entries in the live stock depart-
ment equaled if they did not break the fair's record, and under present
business and transportation conditions the show was a record-breaker,
regardless of its numerical strength.
Automobiles and trucks conveyed thousands of small exhibits from
farms and factories to the fair. Iowa is using about 1,000,000 automo-
biles and 60,000 tractors. Its tax on the former yields an annual revenue
of $10,000,000, 90 per cent of which is spent by the state in building,
improving and maintaining primary roads. Automobiles and interurban
electric roads are largely responsible for the remarkable attendance of
Iowa farmers and their families at the fair. On Wednesday several
hundred farmers with their families, all identified by inscribed hatbands
as from Cass county, arrived in autos, and made a big stir on the grounds.
County delegations of this sort represent a new departure of high signifi-
cance in the social and business life of farm people. Most of the visitors
last week went in autos to Des Moines. By Wednesday night the total
attendance, despite daily rains and muddy roads, was 297,000 — substan-
tially greater than at the corresponding time in 1921 — and for the week
it totaled 360,000.
In the machinery department the footage of space sold showed an in-
crease of 15 to 25 per cent. Last year the total received for space was
$14,000; this year it was $16,000. The increased space was largely oc-
cupied by small machines and accessories. Forty-eight companies co-
operated with the management in conducting demonstrations of a long
list of machines used on farms, highways and railroads, and in dairies,
factories and mines. Electricity was the chief motive power; gasoline
engines also did a deal of work. Sixty to eighty tractors were in opera-
tion. The automobile and trucks show was elaborate as to brands and
132 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
types. Twenty silos of different construction are permanent fixtures in
the machinery division, which was more interesting, instructive and pop-
ular than it has ever been before. Manufacturers and distributors who
exhibit farm machinery and implements at the fairs are abandoning their
old attitude of an impersonal salesmanship, with a purely mercenary
interest in farmers. The new attitude is that of personal, interested co-
operation with farmers, whom they are spending money to serve. Farm-
ing from now henceforward is going to employ so much machinery tor
so many purposes that the service idea on the part of manufacturers is a
heartening augury.
In the agricultural building, captivatingly decorated with gladioli and
smilax, sixteen Iowa counties and a dozen individual farms in different
sections of the state were represented in booths by composite farm,
orchard and garden exhibits, all entered for large cash prizes. Polk
county was the highest scoring county, and E. M. Wilson, of Guthrie
county, the highest scoring individual.
Exhibits of public interest and value were made by sixteen educational,
eleemosynary and penal institutions, under the Iowa State Board of
Control.
First-class concerts by a number of bands, abbreviated grand opera
(in which 100 people sang) each evening before the grand stand, at-
tractive decorations in the exhibition buildings, and the maintaining of
a high standard of floral, vine and shrub landscaping on the grounds,
prove that the fair managers are making the fair a cultural influence, as
well as a useful institution.
The Chicago Board of Trade was represented by an effective exhibit
(seen at the Aurora, 111., fair two weeks ago) showing a miniature grain
elevator in operation, and the principles and details of grain inspection
and grading.
Perhaps the most popular human interest feature of the fair was the
combined state and national horseshoe pitchers' tournaments, in which
more than $2,000 was awarded in prizes. Eighty-one men and boys (some
of the latter barely out of their "teens"), mostly from farms, competed
in the men's state contest, and 75 from 12 states in the national. A dozen
women and girls from four states competed in the women's national.
Thousands of people, in the bleachers on either side of the "court,"
witnessed and applauded the pitchers throughout the five days of the
tournament. A dozen or more pitchers in pairs were in action at the
same time, each playing on a separate pair of pegs. The clank of the
steel shoes, the incredibly high percentage of ringers thrown, the rat-
killing earnestness and speed of the players, the activity of the official
scorers, the real farm "uniforms" of all shades, patterns and ages worn
by the contestants, and the interest manifested by the spectators made
the tournaments a memorable success. We should like to see this good,
old-fashioned game restored everywhere to its pioneer popularity.
Eighty acres of the grounds are used as a camping site by farm fam-
ilies, who, arriving in autos, spend several days to a week at the fair.
The tents used are rented; a store, meat shop and postoffice are on the
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 133
enclosure. Electric lights, city water, sewage disposal and toilet facilities
are provided. From 12,000 to 15,000 people used the camp this year.
Many of them spend their annual vacations in this fashion. County agri-
cultural agents and the farm bureau people used a part of the camping
field, and held open air meetings.
No additions to the fair's plant have been made since last year. Nearly
all the live stock buildings have been outgrown by the expansion of the
exhibits, and the grand stand, seating 12,500 persons, is wholly inadequate
to meet the public's demands. There were large overflows of hogs and
cattle, and the sheep barn was considerably enlarged in pen capacity by
a rearrangement of the partitions. A tent 90 by 200 feet was pitched to
roof the entries shown by members of the boys and girls' pig clubs. From
600 to 700 additional hog pens could have been used this year. A heavy
rain on Tuesday made a muddy mess of the ground under the tent.
Iowa can well afford to provide a first class, permanent building for
its boys and girls who show pigs, "baby" beeves, lambs and colts at its
state fair. Exhibits made by these future farmers and future farmers'
wives should be properly taken care of. We are assured that Iowa has
more boys and girls' pig, "baby" beef, lamb, colt and poultry clubs, more
active clubs, and more members of these clubs than any other state, and
that although the fair has done much to reward and encourage them it
should do much more, especially with a view to housing their exhibits.
This year these young folk showed 340 "baby" beeves, 408 pigs, 50 lambs,
and 600 head of poultry. They would have exhibited 2,000 birds had
space been available in the poultry building. They competed for a grand
total of $9,000 in prizes.
Secretary A. R. Corey and his associates and staff and Iowa farmers
are to be congratulated on having produced a farmers' fair abundantly
worthy of Iowa.
FARM BOYS AND GIRLS LEADER
According to Mr. Ivan L. Hobson of the United States Department of
Agriculture, the boys and girls' club exhibits, demonstrations and judg-
ing features at the Iowa State Fair surpassed anything he had seen at
other state fairs up to August 26th. Mr. Hobson was more than gratified
at the number as well as of the quality of stock but he said: "The ex-
hibits of boys and girls tops everything here at the fair."
Five hundred and sixty boys and their leaders registered at the boys'
dormitory. The whole number attending ran over 600. Two hundred
girls and their leaders registered at the girls' dormitory and they were
a prize-winning lot.
Among the demonstration teams were 69 in girls' club projects, 30 in
poultry, 23 in live stock and corn judging, and a good bunch of boys'
live stock demonstration teams. The boys' demonstration work included
pig, beef, corn, sheep, garden, spraying, poultry, etc.
134 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
The boys and girls' club building was filled with splendidly arranged
booths showing the boys and girls' health contest, the girls' garments,
canning, approved shoes, etc. Another booth contained the farm record
club exhibit referred to elsewhere in a story in this number. At this
building Miss Josephine Arnquist, Miss Ida Ahrens, and the remainder
of her staff and the girls themselves held forth, and F. P. Reed and as-
sistants looked after the boys.
The poultry exhibit included over 600 birds which were nicely housed
iii the poultry building and were in charge of Mr. Heifner, state poultry
agent. Thirty teams put on some very fine demonstrations in the club
building.
The Girls' Tour
One hundred and forty girls and leaders enjoyed a day's trip over Des
Moines on Monday. The first stop was at Younker Brothers, where the
delegation was entertained royally with a fine luncheon by this company.
Mr. Metcalf of Younker Brothers gave the girls a splendid talk, after
which they were shown through Younker Brothers department store by
Mr. Cunningham. Here they saw dresses, shoes and everything suitable
for a club girl to wear and got suggestions on furnishing and decorating
the home.
From Younker Brothers they went to Successful Farming for their
annual business meeting, and refreshments consisting of ice cream and
wafers were served. After discussing the girls' club camp, exhibits and
demonstrations for next year, the following officers were elected: Beulah
Rogers, Mahaska county, president; Beulah Leslie, Pottawattamie county,
vice president; Kathryn Boylin, Hardin county, secretary.
Boys' Club Tour
On Tuesday, 210 boys and their leaders boarded the street cars at the
fair grounds for Des Moines. The first stop was at the Register-Tribune.
Here they took possession of the office rotunda, sang club songs and
gave a few yells of greetings for Iowa's great daily. From there they
marched four abreast, all wearing club caps, stopping at Wallace's
Farmer, and then on to the Ford plant, where they witnessed the assem-
bling of Fordson tractors, automobiles, and had a very instructive time.
Before going through the plant that had a brief rest on the Ford campus
for a sing and yells. On reaching Successful Farming for the dinner
which was served by Mr. Clyde Herring, the boys had some real eats and
a good time. They were served cafeteria style with sandwiches and other
things, but it was some time before they were all filled. Many of the
boys came back for more sandwiches, Eskimo pies and "red ink." This
"red ink" consisted of cherry phosphate served in paper cartons. Some
of the boys got away with at least six Eskimo pies.
After the eats, Mr. Allen Walker, assistant manager of Successful
Farming, gave the boys a hearty welcome in behalf of Mr. Meredith and
the Meredith Publications. E. N. Hopkins acted as toastmaster. Mr.
Clyde Herring gave the luncheon and was the chief speaker for the noon
meeting.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 135
After the speeches the boys held their annual business meeting and
discussed the state fair club work and fair in general, making plans for
1923. After the business meeting a trip was made through the Homestead
plant and then to the Y. M. C. A., where the boys had a mighty good swim
and a good time. The trip was full of human interest, but lack of space
prevents telling the story.
The following officers were elected: Wm. Cihak, president; Elmer
Post, vice-president; Ivan Beck, secretary; Henry Patterson, treasurer.
Following are some of the prize winners in the various club contests
of the fair. Later numbers will record other winners and the club fea-
ture of the Iowa State Fair in more detail.
Wright county won first in the live stock judging, the team consisting
of Clarence Clark with a score of 542, Clyde Knight with a score of 530,
and Everett Denby with 516.
Franklin county won second with Willie Slee, 526; Clarence Thompson,
521; and Louis Thompson, 500.
Grundy county won third, the team being Walter Schuyhart with a
score of 533, Glenn Brown 519, and Carrol Plager, 490.
The individual winners were Clarence Clark, Clarion, with a score of
711; John Well, Waterloo, with a score of 707, and Walter Weiss, Denison.
with a score of 704.
In the Livestock Demonstration Work
Adams county poultry team won first and won the trip to Sioux City.
Second place was won by Jefferson country dairy team. Third place by
the Boone county beef team.
In the girls' club demonstration work Johnston county won the state
championship with approved shoes and captured the trip to Sioux City.
The team consisted of Louise Slemmons and Irene Schueffler, of Iowa
City.
Mahaska county won the canning division and the trip to Sioux City to
compete for the French trip. The team consisted of Katherine Bolibaugh,
Eddyville, and Beulah Rodgers, Given.
The pig club exhibit included 496 fine purebred porkers in which Mar-
shall county won high honors for having the largest exhibit. It was
some job to place the blue ribbons, as competition was keen in almost
every class.
There were nearly 400 baby beeves, over twice as many as were shown
last year. They were sleek and fat and showed the splendid care they
had been given by their owners. The sale included 280 of the calves that
were shown and entered and they brought good prices.
And there were club sheep, club heifers and other stock shown by the
boys and girls, much of which won ribbons in the open classes.
One of the outstanding features of the contest was the health contest
in the club building, conducted by Miss Josephine Arnquist. The girl
and boy winner will be sent to Chicago by the Corn Belt Farmer. After
this we will have prize club boys and girls as well as club pigs- neaves, etc.
136 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
The winners and scores are Esther Brewer, of Lynn county, with a score
of 98.05, and Earnest Hostetter, of Grundy county, with a score of 99 per
cent.
The Club Dining Hall
The place where club folks assembled together was in the big dining
hall where club members and leaders were served with good substantial
eats. This was in charge of P. C. Taff, state club leader, assisted by J. H.
Hilton, of the club department. The culinary department was in charge
of Mrs. Mary Gregg, home demonstration agent of Marshall county. Mrs.
Gregg was assisted by farm women of note in Marshall county. The club
dining hall proved a success financially and in every other way, thanks
to the management.
Everyone enjoyed the songs led by Mr. C. E. Gilman, Y. M. C. A. instruc-
tor, the talks, the eats and the fun, and when good-byes were said on Fri-
day noon, many serious good-byes were given.
The club parade and pageant was a huge success, so everybody said.
After the parade the club folks enjoyed the program before the grand
stand.
FINANCES
At the beginning of the fiscal year, December 1, 1921, there was on
deposit with the Treasurer of the Iowa Department of Agriculture $25,-
279.00. The outstanding indebtedness amounted to $3,700.00, covering the
balance due on contract for cattle barn. The receipts from sources other
than fair were $11,915.82. The principal sources of these receipts were:
Fees Stallion Registration Division, $3,877.00; State appropriation for
the support of the Department of Agriculture and insurance on fair
ground buildings, $3,400.00; stall rent $1,016.50; pasture rent $496.73;
storage $876.50. The other miscellaneous items being fully set out in
the itemized statement.
IOWA STATE FAIR
The total receipts of the 1922 fair was $313,259.49. This was an in-
crease of $15,564.24 over the receipts of 1921. This increase was due to
ar. increase in receipts at the outside gates of $3,286; day grandstand
$10,704.75; night grandstand $1,456.50. The receipts of the Night Horse
Show and all other departments of the fair being about the same as for
1921.
The total receipts from ticket sales amounted to $200,541.00, and from
all other sources $112,718.49.
The total cost of putting on the fair was $266,275.11. This was a re-
duction of $27,849.00 from the cost of the 1921 fair. The cash premiums
were reduced $15,906.00 and the other expense of the fair $11,943.00. De-
ducting from the expense of the fair, the cost of the train wreck, $12,650,
which was put on under a contract based on an increase in gate receipts
on Saturday over the previous year, there was a reduction of $40,499.00
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 137
in the cost of this year's fair compared with last year. This saving which
the State Board of Agriculture deemed necessary on the account of the
reduction in admission fees, and the change in conditions, was brought
about by placing each department of the fair on a budget basis. The
budget was prepared early in the year by the board members and the
Executive Committee, and adopted by the Board at the March meeting.
By the close co-operation of the board members, the Executive Committee
and the various Superintendents in charge of the departments, it was
possible to keep the total expense of the fair, other than premiums, prac-
tically within the budget. Considering that this expense amounted to
$161,521.00 and only exceeded the budget $2,258.00, or less than one and
one-half per cent, and the fact that this was the first year for the budget
system in all departments, the Board has reasons to be pleased with the
result of this year's efforts.
The budget for premiums was estimated at $100,000.00. Due, however,
to an exceptionally large showing of live stock and other departments
having a greater number of entries than usual, a larger percentage of
premiums offered was awarded than in previous years. The cash pre-
miums paid amounted to $104,521.65 or $4,521.65 more than the estimated
budget. A complete itemized statement of the receipts and disbursements
and a number of comparative statements are made a part of this report.
MAINTENANCE OF GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS
The problem of maintaining the State Fair Ground buildings is one of
great concern to the board of directors. The appraised value of the
buildings and other improvements as shown by the inventory is approxi-
mately $1,000,000.00. Figuring on a basis of two and one-half or three
per cent for maintenance, which is the basis used by other fairs and in-
stitutions of like character, it requires from $25,000 to $30,000 annually to
properly maintain the grounds and buildings. For the past four years
the board has been expending, from the receipts of the fair, an average
of $20,000.00 for this purpose. Due to the fact that a number of the
permanent buildings are just reaching a point where the roofs must be
replaced, it will require a much larger expenditure during the next few
years to properly preserve and maintain this property of the State.
It is reasonable to expect that the Iowa State Fair should be self-
supporting in so far as the operating expense of the fair is concerned.
It should not be expected, however, to take care of all of the maintenance
and minor improvements out of the receipts of the fair. The Board has,
therefore, recommended in the budget submitted to the Governor an
appropriation of $15,000.00 annually for maintenance, repairs and im-
provements to buildings on the Iowa State Fair Grounds.
IMPROVEMENTS
The improvements and permanent additions made on the grounds dur-
ing the last year cost $18,501.75. The principal items were $4,454.35 for
completing the cattle barn, $6,534.30 covering cost of transformers, re-
building switch board and extensions to light system; $1,310.50 covering
138 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
one-half the cost of permanent booths under the grandstand for the
Board of Control exhibit. The other minor items cover permanent im-
provements to numerous buildings and are set out in detail in the state-
ment attached.
SUMMARY
The balance on hand December 1, 1921, was $24,060.02; the receipts
from sources other than fair, $11,915.82. the receipts of fair, $313,259.49,
and the grand total receipts $349,235.33.
The disbursements were as follows: Expense other than fair, $12,-
900.64; maintenance of grounds and buildings, $16,992.66; additions and
permanent improvements $18,501.75; expense of fair, $266,275.11, making
the grand total disbursements $314,670.16, leaving a balance on hand No-
vember 30, 1922, of $34,565.17.
The profit from the operation of fair was $46,984.38. From this there
should be deducted the expense of maintenance, $16,992.66, leaving a net
profit of $29,991.72. There was also expended for improvements on the
grounds during the past year $18,501.75. Deducting this amount from
the net profit of the fair leaves a surplus from this year's business of
$11,489.97.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 139
ITEMIZED STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF
THE IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND
THE IOWA STATE FAIR AND EXPOSITION
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING
NOVEMBER, 30, 1922.
Cash balance December 1, 1921
Receipts from sources other than fair:
Fees stallion registration division .$ 3,877.00
State appropriation — support Department of Agri-
culture 2,400.00
State appropriation — Insurance on buildings 1,000.00
Stall rent horse barns 1,016.50
Pasture rent ... 496.73
Storage, autos and trucks 876.50
House rent 178.50
Rental, sale ring 390.00
Labor, stock sales 63.75
Cavalry, current and expense 36.40
Kindling sold 9.00
Insurance on Stock Pavilion 68.47
Insurance on Horse Barn No. 2 69.26
Poultry coop rental 131.75
Use of grounds 278.00
Insurance — dividends 7.75
Refund, over-payment coal bill 15.82
Refund, Hampshire specials 100. 0o
Painting Mid-Way entrance 50.00
Transformers — sold 252.00
Lawn mower — sold 50.00
"Conscience money," admissions 3.00
Postage sold 10.00
Damage to electric lamps 7.50
Interest on account 527.89
$ 24,060.02
Total receipts other than fair
Receipts from State Fair:
Stall rent, horse department $
Saddle horse stake, entry fees
Draft Horse Futurity, entry fees
Stall rent, cattle department
Pen rent, swine department
Pen rent, sheep department
Coop rent, poultry department
Space rental. Poultry Building
Machinery Department:
Floor space Machinery Hall $ 9,576.42
Floor space Power Hall 1,000.00
Floor space Shaver Building 250.00
Outside ground space 1,917.53
$ 11,915.82
space,
Agricultural Building, concessions and
Dairy Department, ice cream sales....
Exposition Building, concessions and space
Concessions and privileges:
General concessions $ 28.822.00
"Wortham Shows (percent) 10,514.34
Grandstand concession (percent).. 1,701.35
Score card privilege (percent).... 811.56
Giant Coaster (percent) 1,691.76
Old Mill (percent) 1,357.80
Sig Haugdahl racing car (percent) 31.78
Delivery permits and tickets 719.00
Light and power:
Current sold $ 1,075.75
Labor installing 131.15
Lamps sold 20.00
$
2,062.00
480.00
466.00
3.659.50
4,064.00
493.00
624.75
375.00
12,743.95
2.120.00
2.798.73
3,047.50
$ 45,649.5!
$ 1,226.90
Speed Department:
Entry fees $ 4,233.00
"Western Breeders' Futurity fees 1.895.00
Forage sold $ 10.285.28
Association special premiums 13,622.01
Advertising in premium list 1,492.58
140 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
Horseshoe tournament entry fees 26£'29
Field meet entry fees ••• ]•]»
Day Nursery fees „i'Xn
Tent rental 75.00
Refund, over-payment of premiums „,c
Refund, express charges „25,?£
Dne-half cost printing speed program 281.18
One-half Live Stock Sanitation payroll 116o5
Receipts fjcom telephone tolls 469.24
Total receipts of fair other than ticket sales. $112,718.49
Ticket sales:
Outside gates $122,246.75
Day grandstand 42,724.25
Night grandstand 31,488.25
Night Horse Show 4,081.75
Total ticket sales $200,541.00
Total receipts of fair $313,259.49
Grand total receipts 4*49,235.33
DISBURSEMENTS.
Disbursements other than fair or improvements:
Stallion Registration Division:
Salary, chief clerk $ 2,199.98
Salary, clerk and stenographer.... 1,245.00
Printing and supplies 10.16
$ 3,455.14
Publicity Department:
Salary, director $ 1,166.65
Salary, clerk and stenographer.... 475.00
Printing, Greater Iowa 527.75
Postage, Greater Iowa 9.25
Supplies, wrapping paper, etc 5.83
Drayage, Greater Iowa 2.50
Half tones 16.49
$ 2,203.47
Expense of 1921 fair paid during 1922:
Sheep shearing contest $ 33.00
Advertising bills 92.12
Premiums, 1921 fair 157.00
Labor, State Garden 18.60
Refund stall and pen rent 42.00
Loan Art Exhibit 95.00
Refund concessions 25.00
Banners and medals 20.00
Supplies, Fair Grounds 8.08
Judge — Floriculture Department.. 20.00
Expense — Pure Bred Sire Exhibit. 30.80
Freight — Educational Department. 8.40
Printing art circular 51.90
Scholarship, 1921 25.00
$ 626.90
State Agricultural Convention 1,177.92
Expense of live stock sales 326.31
Hauling poultry coops 38.75
Balance printing 1920 catalog ._*. 1,060.08
State College scholarships, 1919 250.00
Subscriptions for newspapers 38.50
Dues, commercial organizations 102.00
Insurance premiums on buildings 3,109.64
Addressograph plates 1.13
Protectograph 45.00
Binding award books 28.25
Premium, Secretary's bond 25.00
Floral sprays 36.43
Shipping transformers 13.25
Typewriter 89.10
June race meeting expense 65.00
Sunday School picnic expense 201.41
Engineers' picnic expense 7.36
Total expense other than fair $ 12,900.64
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 141
Maintenance grounds and buildings:
Landscape work $ 504.53
Water system repairs 611.87
Race track work 697.75
Ground drayage 200.25
Cleaning buildings 346.50
Hauling manure 301.33
Cleaning grounds 386.75
Truck and auto repairs 802.29
Screen and window repairs 73.25
Cutting and hauling wood 153.50
Putty, glass, etc 43.67
Tool repairs 84.84
Water service except August and September 450.16
Shrubs and trees, pruning 613.50
General repairs 494.76
Mule team, feed, etc 155.34
Superintendent, assistants, foremen and watch -
men 3,201.50
Electric service 1,077.30
Cattle barn repairs 32.15
Putting up ice 7.50
Gas and oil for trucks and autos . 1,097.90
Fencing plants and flowers 92.25
Sub-station repairs 3.80
Light system repairs 691.80
Horse barn No. 2 repairs 488.23
Speed barn repairs 49.44
Swine pavilion repairs 130.64
Temporary hog pens, repairs 48.50
Road oil 518.60
Oiling streets 31.75
Streets and roads, dragging 91.50
State garden 37.50
Live stock pavilion repairs -21.46
Mowing grass and weeds 823.69
Agricultural Building, repairs 272.75
Reservoir filling 39.75
Drainage system repairs 7.50
Spring tank repairs 16.50
Amphitheater repairs 94.96
Freight on paint 1.86
Filling horse barn 62.00
University Avenue entrance repairs 10.25
Subway repairs 15.25
Lumber shed repairs 35.50
Lumber for general repairs 271.28
Horse barn No. 7, repairs 115.10
Machinery Hall, repairs 404.04
Women's and Children's Building, repairs 65.60
Band stand, repairs and painting 81.25
Boys' and Girls' Club dining hall, repairs 98.35
Brick horse barn, repairs 25.00
Boys' dormitory, repairs 17.00
Camp ground toilets 80.34
Telephone station, repairs 64.48
Mid-Way entrance 22.00
Administration Building, repairs 53.83
Power Hall, repairs 6.25
Walks, repairing 28.00
Paddock, repairs 5.75
Grand Avenue entrance, repairs 12.25
Flag poles 10.88
Farm Bureau Building, repairs 1.75
Dodd & Struthers Building, repairs 17.75
Nurse cow barns, repairs 12.00
Bleachers, repairs 229.65
Forage barn, repairs 78.00
Lawn seat, repairs 80.05
Garage, repairs 9.35
Blacksmith shop, repairs 10.50
Electric fan, repairs 4.50
Club Building, repairs 7.00
College exhibit booth, repairs 28.00
Amphitheater chairs, repairs 5.25
Turnstile, repairs 39.15
Exposition Building, repairs 6.25
Poultry Building, repairs 8.97
Valley Junction dining hall, repairs 35.70
Walnut Street entrance, repairs 35.20
142
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK-^PART III.
Shaver Building-, repairs..
Oil station, repairs
Brick dining- hall, repairs.
Cattle pen, repairs
Repairs on signs
Repairing fences
Total maintenance grounds and buildings....
Additions and permanent improvements:
Light system, transformers and extensions $
Sub-station switchboard
Electric lamps
Street grading and gravel
Fair ground equipment:
Close to Nature House $ 100.00
Equipment Club Dining Hall 66.79
Flower vases 5.00
Coin turnstiles 588.00
Electric fans 215.25
Used Ford truck 191.00
Uniforms for night show 13.35
Pumps and hydrants 17.56
Furnishings, Administration Build-
ing 91.15
Tools and implements:
Push carts $ 52.00
Mower ._.. 67.47
Truck top 8.40
Miscellaneous small tools 282.88
Brick cattle barn:
Balance on general contract $ 3,857.35
Brick and other material 72.^0
Screens 44.00
Filling 480.00
Farm house chicken coop ,
Walnut Street entrance material
Swine pavilion, wash rack ,
Live stock pavilion, box seats
Boys' and Girls' Dining Hall
Building fence
Hospital Building furnishings
Sewer system extension ,
State institution booths in grandstand
Horseshoe pitching bleachers
Boys' and Girls' Club Building
College exhibit booths
Auto parking posts
Cattle pens ,
Grand opera stage
Agricultural Building
Sheep barn ,
Temporary hog pens, lumber
Cots and mattresses
Planting trees ,
Canvas, Amphitheater
"Women's and Children's Building, stage curtains
Brick horse barn
Old reservoir, filling ,
Worthington Pump Building purchased ,
40.84
1.25
8.10
3.40
23.48
23.00
3,590.55
2,943.75
1,117.92
732.95
$ 16,992.66
1,288.10
410.75
4,454.35
2.00
39.92
118.36
89.75
188.07
38.25
20.56
20.52
1,310.50
117.88
93.38
105.87
24.30
110.29
276.00
77.90
14.41
324.74
40<\00
17.00
292.68
90.50
80.50
35.00
75.00
Total additions and improvements,
$ 18,501.75
EXPENSE OF FAIR.
Expense of fair other than premiums:
Executive Committee meetings $
Special Committee meetings
Express, telegraph and telephone
Postage
Printing:
Duplicate letters $ 27.90
Stationery, Board members 244.74
Four entry books 74.00
967.54
2,080.81
694.81
1,854.18
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 143
Educational premium list 85.00
Voucher covers 17.90
Stationery and envelopes 128.20
Application blanks, Machinery De-
partment 16.80
Receipt books 38.25
Newspaper advertising- blanks 3.85
Horseshoe pitching contest classifi-
cation 86.90
Horseshoe pitching letter heads... 40.00
Horseshoe pitching contest num-
bers 47.25
Horseshoe pitching programs 193.00
Circulars, Machinery Department. 1Q.00
Mimeograph letter paper 92.10
Premium list 1,834.40
Advertising contracts 8.50
Feed barn order books 24.50
Freight and release blanks 7.00
Variety cards 20.00
Invitations and envelopes 43.00
Speed programs 97.00
Baby Health classification 22.00
Baby Health programs 139.00
Baby Health number cards 8.80
Baby Health score cards 39.00
Graphic and Plastic Arts classifi-
cation 11.75
Address labels 14.75
Stall assignment cards 8.00
Camp circulars 26.75
Requisition blanks 8.75
Entry tags 89.30
Entry blanks 163.60
Official program and catalog 966.60
Ticket requisition blanks 36.95
Placards 39.00
Premium warrant receipts 4.00
Electric wiring and current con-
tracts 12.25
Ring and stall cards 273.75
Journal receipt book 70.00
Miscellaneous 34.25
Coop cards 24.00
Horse show programs 76.00
Horse show cards 5.00
Special programs 21.50
Premium tags 7 . . . . 49.90
Superintendent order books 15.50
Boys and girls' premium list 140.00
Premium and expense warrants... 51.33
Tickets for all gates and shows... 1,434.80
Agricultural premium list 54.00
Concession contract books 54.40
Livestock circulars 66.00
Poultry shipping tags 18.25
Auto parking tickets " 2.75
Auto tally sheets 36.00
Statement of premium account.... 10.50
Futurity blanks, circulars and re-
ceipts 54.15
Balance sheets 42.00
Butter display cards 6.50
County fair lists 7.50
Plats of grounds 5.86
Pig club signs 10.00
Catalog and index cards 20.75
Sale tags 12.00
Premium statements 19.50
Stall cards 24.25
Insurance riders 11.25
Race program 427.40
$ 7,809.88
Advertising:
Country newspapers $ 4,944.19
Plate for country papers 1,394.25
Des Moines daily papers 6,389.99
Daily papers outside Des Moines.. 1,100.32
Agricultural and live stock papers 2,059.33
144 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
Horse papers and speed program
advertising- 460.30
Miscellaneous papers 172.79
Director of Advertising, salary five
months 833.31
Clerk and stenographer salary.... 261.33
Postage Greater Iowa 30.00
Printing Greater Iowa 860.00
Drayage Greater Iowa 13.50
Hangers and window cards 732.00
Heralds and hand bills 215.00
Billboard paper 183.45
Billboard posting service 1,144.88
Distributing window cards and
programs 35.00
Cuts and electros 313.91
Art work, drawings, etc 139.33
Mailing tubes 55.83
Press clippings 76.42
Die hubs for Des Moines Post Office 73.50
Date sheets and street car signs.. 86.00
Circulars and folders 60.75
Posting programs in street cars... 70.00
Beauty contest expense 1,080.55
Daily programs 80.60
$ 22,866.53
Music and attractions:
Night show "Mystic China" $ 7,714.26
Fischer Flying Circus 700.00
Thaviu's Band and Grand Opera... 6,200.00
Argonne Post Band 1,975.00
Fort Dodge Military Band 2,050.00
Murray's Family Orchestra 200.00
T. Fred Henry's Orchestra 492.00
Page County Farmers' Band 1,000.00
Hippodrome acts 7,000.00
Drum Corps 425.00
Raub Balloon act 250.00
Relay and Hippodrome races 1,800.00
$ 29,806.26
Train wreck (per cent of gate) 12,650.00
Supplies and stationery (office) 440.30
Light and power current 1,561.04
Light and power labor 1,311.91
Water service, August and September 690.35
Refund, stall rent, tickets, etc 391.00
Forage purchased for feed barn 7,932.40
Salary Secretary and office help 10,707.41
Board meetings 1,304.35
Assistants and foremen 298.50
Scavenger work, toilets and garbage 750.53
Race track work 96.68
Cleaning grounds 1,708.92
Cleaning buildings 477.70
Cleaning barns and pens 1,442.57
Decorating buildings 1,900.50
Plants and flowers 857.97
Ground supplies:
Brooms $ 9.75
Toilet paper and towels 182.75
Cheese cloth 18.00
Soap 26.40
Mops 16.74
Mop pails and wringers 5.50
Sweeping compound 12.50
Stock yard canes 24.00
Plates and doilies 7.65
Cook suits (two) 4.50
Miscellaneous supplies 37.96
$ 345.75
Cups and medals 1,002.30
Premium ribbons and badges 2,163.33
Signs and placards 768.90
Payroll and expense Educational Department.... 266.40
Payroll and expense Horseshoe Tournament 394.69
Payroll Boy Scout ushers 1,150.00
Payroll Machinery Department 848.22
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 145
Payroll Agricultural Department 920.00
Payroll Public Safety Department 3,337.20
Payroll Horticultural Department 576.60
Payroll Swine Department 962.50
Payroll Sheep Department 657.50
Payroll Cattle Department 1,403.75
Payroll Admissions Department 4,574.35
Payroll Concession Department 2,457.00
Payroll Textile and China Department 471.00
Payroll Treasury Department 2,891.00
Payroll Horse Department 1,657.00
Payroll Speed Depai tment 989.50
Payroll Boys and Girls' Club Department 1,113.14
Payroll Baby Health Department 1,184.18
Payroll Graphic and Plastic Art Department 461.42
Payroll Day Nursery 159.86
Payroll property men and light operators 278.20
Payroll Poultry Department 399.50
Payroll live stock sanitation 159.00
Payroll ticket auditing 325.00
Payroll Campers' Headquarters 204.00
Payroll Boys and Girls' Judging Contest 60.00
Payroll Rabbit Department 95.00
Payroll Awards Department 134.50
Expense Field Meet 217.45
Expense Women's Building Program Committee.. 520.73
Payroll Cow Testing Association exhibit 146.30
Payroll Dairy Department 287.95
Dairy a*nd Ice Cream Department:
Ice cream $ 1,416.20
Payroll ice cream stand 178.50
Sanitary dishes and supplies 86.77
$ 1,681.47
Model garden 44.00
Commission soliciting premium list advertising. . 8.75
Horseshoe pitching courts 130.97
Freight on exhibits, etc 33.44
Payroll Drayage Department 448.48
Tan bark for show ring 382.77
Dining hall screens 3.75
Payroll concessions grounds 69.00
Poultry coops, labor 16.00
"Whitewashing buildings 350.00
Auto races, prizes and bonus 6,600.00
Calcium chloride for track 178.13
Damages, medical services, etc 202.00
Announcer 125.00
Matron, "Women's and Children's Building 40.00
"Wood and sawdust 221.00
Expense Club Dining Hall 262.79
Meals for guests and State Day banquet 624.25
General labor during fair 1,518.11
Turnstiles, mechanics '. . . 156.75
Gas and oil during fair 744.74
Janitors, Administration Building 397.88
Janitors, Women and Children's Building 347.38
Miscellaneous carpenter work during fair 695.62
Forage used by departments 251.95
Rental, tents, chairs, bedding, etc 1,360.36
Expense Sunday School program 25.00
Temporary hog pens 20.50
Photographs 92.00
Typewriter rental 4.00
Premium on bond and hold-up insurance 118.00
Piano tuning and rental 53.50
Miscellaneous expense 7.56
American Trotting Association, dues 105.00
Dining Hall, coal 67.95
Sheep for shearing contest 30.00
International Association of Fairs, dues 50.00
Mid-West Fair Circuit 100.00
Total expense of fair other than premiums... $161,753.46
Cash premiums paid:
Horses $ 19,265.00
Cattle 30,005.00
Swine 7,194.00
Sheep 3,912.00
Goats 245.00
10
146 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
Poultry 1,238.50
Rabbits 65.25
Agriculture 8,695.00
Culinary 815.00
Honey and Bees 510.00
Dairy 722.00
Horticulture 2,621.50
Floriculture 235.00
Textile, China, etc 1,336.50
Graphic and Plastic Arts 589.00
Radio 60.00
Educational 741.50
Boys and Girls' Club Department 6,155.00
Boys and Girls' Judging- Contest 625.00
Boys and Girls' Team Judging Contest 180.00
State Spelling Contest 160.00
Horseshoe Pitching Contest 1,380.00
Speed 17,771.40
Total premiums paid $104,521.^3
Total expense of fair 266,275.11
Grand total disbursements $314,670.16
SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS AND RECONCILIATION
OF ACCOUNT WITH THE TREASURER.
RECEIPTS.
Cash balance December 1, 1921 $ 24,060.02
Receipts from sources other than fair 11,915.82
Receipts of fair other than ticket sales $112,718.49
Receipts from ticket sales 200,541.00
Total receipts of fair 313,259.49
Grand total receipts $349,235.33
DISBURSEMENTS.
Disbursements other thain fair $ 12,900.64
Maintenance of grounds and buildings 16,992.66
Additions and permanent improvements 18,501.75
Expense of fair other than premiums $161,753.46
Cash premiums paid 104.521.65
Total cost of fair 266,275.11
Grand total disbursements $314,670.16
Balance on hand November 30, 1922 $ 34,565.17
Warrants outstanding 959.50
Cash balance in treasury November 30, 1922 $ 35,524.67
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
147
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF TICKET SALES AT OUTSIDE
GATES, DAY AND NIGHT GRANDSTAND AND NIGHT
HORSE SHOW FOR THE 1921 AND 1922
IOWA STATE FAIRS'.
General Admission
19-22 Fair
1921 Fair
Price
Xo. Sold
Total Value
Price
No. Sold
Total Value
Outside Gates:
General Admission
$ .50
.50
.25
.25
5.00
3.00
4,00
206,556
702
20,149
29,486
78
1,917
17
$103,278.00
351.00
5,037.25
7,371.50
390.00
5,751.00
68.00
$ .75
.75
.25
.25
5. CO
3.00
106,870
528
21,422
20,381
118
2,018
$ 80,152.50
396.00
After 6 P. M
5,355.50
Half Fare
5,095.25
590.00
Exhibitors
6,054.00
Sunday, 1921 .
.50
l.OO
3.00
.50
11,117
1,767
2,427
13,422
5,558.50
Soldiers, 88th Division
1,767.00
7,281.00
6,711.00
$122,246.75
$ 2,756.00
11,788.50
11,919.50
452.00
664.25
15,144.00
$118,960.75
Day Grandstand:
Box Seats
Reserved Lower Half
Reserved Upper Half
$1.00
.75
.50
.50
.25
.50
2,756
15,718
25,839
904
2,657
30,288
$1 00
.75
.50
.50
.25
.50
2,941
16,249
18,931
487
1,507
13,612
$ 2,941.00
12,186.75
9,465.50
243.50
376.75
Cash, Turnstiles Paddock.
6,806.00
Total day grandstand —
Night Grandstand:
$1.00
.75
.50
.25
.50
76,162
2,377
13,663
18,004
2,024
18,712
$ 42,724.25
$ 2,377.00
10,247.25
9,002.00
506.00
9,356.00
$1.00
.75
.50
.25
.50
53,727
2,560
14,194
15,583
1,731
17,204
$ 32,019.50
$ 2,560.00
Reserved Lower Half
Reserved Upper Half
10,645.50
7,791.50
432.75
Cash, Turnstiles Paddock-.
8,602.00
Total night grandstand..
Night Horse Show:
$1.00
.50
.25
54,780
6SS
5,924
1,727
$ 31,488.25
$ 6S8.0O
2,962.00
431.75
50,272
$ 30,031.75
Reserved seats
$ .50
.25
7,049
688
$ 3,524.50
Standing room
172.00
Total Night Horse Show.
8,339
$ 4,081.75
7,737
$ 3,696.50
Total Ticket Sales
$200,541.00
$184,708.50
1
SUMMARY
Outside Gates
Dav Grandstand
Nieht GVandstand...
Night Horse Show..
Total ticket sale:
1922
1921
Increase
Decrease
$122,246.75
42 7?4 25
$118,960.75
32,019.50
30,031 .75
3,696.50
$ 3.286.00
10.704 50
1,456.50
385.25
31,488.25
4,081.75
$200,541.00
$184,708.50
$ 15,832.50
148
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS 1922 AND 1921
STATE FAIRS.
1922 Fair 1921 Fair
Increase
Decrease
Stall rent, horse department
$ 2,062.00
466.00
480.00
3,659.50
4,064.00
493. CO
624.75
375.00
$ 2,001.68
450.00
860.00
2,885.00
3,897.50
459.00
690.25
5*57.00
$ 60.32
16.00
Saddle horse stakes, entry fee£
Stall rent, cattle department
$ 380.00
774.50
166.50
34.00
Coop rent, poultry department
Space rent, poultry department
Machinery department, space rtnt..
Agricultural Building, space rent
Dairy department, ice cream sales. .
Exposition Building, space
Concessions
Light and power sold
Speed department, entry fees
Speed department, W. B. futurity..
Forage sold
Association special premiums
65.50
108.00
341.75
12 743 95 "\9..A09..9ft
2,120.00
2,798.73
3,047.50
45,649.59
1,226.90
4 233.00
2,080.00
1,953.60
3,325.00
45,868.00
1,764.58
.3.957.50
40.00
845.13
277.50
218.41
537.68
275.50
112.80
1 895.00 1 7R?.5»n
10,285.28
13,622.01
1,492.58
469.24
10,942.07
15,062.44
1,605.60
42.3.. 31
656.79
1,440.43
113.02
Advertising in premium list
Telephone collections
Miscellaneous receipts.
45.93
600.64
910.46 ' 309.82
Total receipts other than ticket
sales
Ticket Sales:
$112,718.49 $112,986.75
$122,246.75 i $118,960.75
$3,421.07
$3,286.00
10,704.75
1,456.50
385.25
$3,689.33
Day grandstand
42,724.25
31,488.25
4,081.75
32,019.50
30,031.75
3,696.50
Night horse show
Total receipts of fair
Net increase
$313,259.49
$297,695.25
15,564.24
$15,564.24
k
$31S,2."9.49
$313,259.29 | $19,253.57 $19,253.57
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF PREMIUMS PAID 1922 AND 1921
FAIRS.
1922 Fair
1921 Fair
Increase
Decrease
$ 19,265.00
30,005.00
7,194.00
3.912.00
245.00
1,236.50
65.25
8,695.00
815.00
510.00
722.00
2,621.50
235.00
1,3.36.50
589.00
60.00
741.50
6,155.00
625.00
180.00
160.00
1,380.00
17.771.40
$ 24,480.00
34,412.75
6,994.00
4,587.00
248.00
1,351.75
145.25
11,016.00
811.00
531.00
722.00
2,305.00
1,733.80
1,344.50
604.00
$ 5,215.00
Cattle —
Swine
4,407.75
$ 200.00
675.00
Goats t-
3.00
113.25
80.00
2,321.00
4.00
21.00
316.50
1,498.80
Textile, China, etc.
8.00
15.00
60.00
815.00
6,045.00
73.50
Boys and Girls' Oluh Department .
Boys and Girls' Judging Contest
Boys and Girls' Team Judging Cont
110.00
625.00
225.00
200.00
350.00
21,506.59
45.00
40.00
1,030.00
3,735.19
Total _
$104,521.65
15,905.99
$120,427.64
$ 2,345.50
15,905.99
$ 18,251.49
$120,427.64
$120,427.64
$18,251.49
$ 18,251.49
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
149
STATEMENT OF EXPENSE OF 1921 AND 1922 FAIRS, ALSO
BUDGET FOR 1922 FAIR WITH EXCESS OR
SAVING FROM ESTIMATED BUDGET.
Committee meetings
Postage
Printing—
Advertising
Attractions
Auto races
Light and power
Water
Forage
Salaries, Secretary's office
Decorating buildings
Board meetings
Treasurer's flepartment
Admissions department
Boy Scout ushers
Police department
Concessions department..
Horse department
Cattle department...
Swine department
Sheep department
Poultry department...
Machinery department
Agricultural department
Horticultural and FloriculturaL.
Speed department
Exposition department
Educational department.
Ticket auditing department
Boys and Girls' club department.
Boys and Girls' Judging contest-
Baby health department
Program W. & C. building
Day nursery
Campers headquarters
Auto parking
Property men
Art department _..
Awards department
Janitors
Dairy department
Plants and flowers
Premium ribbons and badges...
Tents, chairs, bedding, etc
Cups and medals
Signs
Miscellaneous items of expense-
Train wreck (per cent of gate)..
Total expense other than pre-
miums
Premiums
Totals
Expense
1921 Fair
4,088
1,722
10,500
23,317
38,348
6,600
2,995
695
10,170
10,793
1,686
1,299
3,967
6,318
1,348
4,148
3,124
1,994
1,575
1,019
654
490
1,560
1,218
589
1,316
665
334
479
1,292
102
1,332
1,038
222
387
280
447
285
92
786
1,723
S89
2,525
1,135
788
746
16,616
Expense
1922 Fair
$173,696
120,427
$294,123
3,048.35
1,854.18
7,809.88
22,866.53
29,806.26
6,600.00
2,872.95
690.35
7,932.40
10,707.40
1,900.50
1,304.35
2,891.00
4,574.35
1,150.00
3,337.20
2,457.00
1,657.00
1,403.75
962.50
657.50
399.50
848.22
920.00
576.60
989.50
471.00
266.40
325.00
1,113.14
60.00
1,184.18
520.73
159.86
204.00
278.20
461.42
134.50
745.26
1,969.42
857.97
2,163.33
1,360.36
1,002.30
768.90
14,840.21
12,650.00
Budget
1922 Fa
3,000
1,600
9,000
23,000
30,000
6.600
3,000
700
10,000
10,525
1,400
1,300
2,700
4,775
1,050
8,500
2,500
1,500
1,250
750
500
400
850
750
450
970
500
250
350
900
75
950
800
200
175
400
225
100
700
1,500
750
2,000
1,000
750
500
12,650
12,650
$161,753.45
104,521.65
$266,275.10
$159,495
100,000
Saving
Excess of from
Budget Budget
48.35
254.18
182.40
500.50
4.35
191.00
100.00
157.00
153.75
212.50
157.50
170.00
126.60
19.50
16.40
"213~Ii"
"234~Tl8'
29.00
236.42
34.50
45.26
469.42
107.97
163.33
360.36
252.30
268.90
2,190.21
$ 1,190.12
133.47
193.74
127.05
9.65
2,067.60
200.65
162.80
43.00
.50
1.78
29.00
~25~00
15.00
279.27
40.14
121.80
$ 6,899.02 $ 4,640.57
4,521.65
$259,495 $11,420.67 I $ 4,640.57
Misc. expense of fair in excess of budget $ 2,258.45
Cash premiums in excess of budget 4,521.65
Total cost of fair in excess of budget — $ 6,780.10
Total reduction in cost of 1922 fair from 1921 $27,847.90
150
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
SPEED DEPARTMENT IOWA STATE FAIR AND EXPOSITION, 1922.
In Accordance With the Rules and Advertised Conditions Under Which
the Races Were Conducted, All Entrance Fees Were
Added to the Purses.
HARNESS RACES
Class
*2:14 trot— "The Western"..
*2:13 pace— "The Hawkeye".
*3 year old trot
*3 year old pace
2:25 trot
2:20 trot
2:16 trot
2:13 trot
2:10 trot
2:20 pace
2:16 pace
2:11 pace
2:09 pace
Total
Amount
Entry Fees
Amount
Net
Number
O ll'ered
Received
Paid Out
Cost
Starters
$ 1,200.00
$ 972.00
$ 2,172.00
$ 1,200.00
10
1,200.00
942.00
2,142.00
1,200.00
7
400.00
152.00
496.80
344.80
3
300.00
138.00
438.00
300.00
5
700.00
175.00
875.00
700.00
7
700.00
170.00
870.00
700.00
8
700.00
250.00
950.00
700.00
10
700.00
110.00
810.00
700.00
5
700.00
75.00
697.50
622.50
3
700.00
280.00
980.00
700.00
8
700.00
185.00
885.00
700.00
8
700.00
80.00
780.00
700.00
4
700.00
120.00
820.00
700.00
6
$ 9,400.00
$ 3,649.00
$12,916.30
$ 9,267.30
84
•Early Closing Events.
FUTURITIES
Class
Amount
Offered
Entry Fees
Received
Amount
Paid Out
Net
Cost
Number
Starters
W. B. Futurity No.
Division)
9 (Trotting
$ 1,338.50
556.50
$ 1,388.60
591.50
$ 250.10
135.00
4
W. B. Futurity No.
Division)
9 (Pacing
3
W. B. Futurity Bonus.
I 300.00
Total
$ 1,895.00
$ 2,280.10 * 385.10 1
tBonus paid for Western Breeders' Futurity.
RUNNING
RACES
Class
Amount
O^ered
Entry Fees
Received
Amount
Paid Out
| Net
Cost
Number
Starters
1 mile run
$ 200.00
175.00
150.00
125.00
200.00
150.00
175.00
150.00
2no.no
150. nn
175.00
I5n.no
125.00
$ 20.00
30.ro
35.00
25.00
30.00
60.00
45.00
35.00
25.00
45.00
50.00
25.00
25.00
$ 220.00
205.00
185.00
150.00
230. 0f>
210.00
220.00
185.00
225.00
195.00
225.00
175.00
150.00
$ 200.00
175.00
150.00
125.00
200.00
150.00
175.00
150.00
200.00
150.00
175.00
150.00
125.00
4
6 furlong run
6
5 furlong run
7
4*4 furlong run
5
1 mile run .
6
furlong run
12
6 furlong run
41/4 furlong run
9
7
1 mile run
5
5 furlong run
9
6 furlong run
5 furlong run __ .
10
5
4V2 furlong run
5
Total running races
Total harness races „
$ 2,125.00
9,400.00
$ 450.00
5, 544. no
$ 2,575.00
15,196.40
$ 2.125.00
9,652.40
90
91
Grand total all races
$11,525.00
$ 5,994.00
$17,771.40
$11,777.40
181
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
151
The following is the attendance of the 1922 fair, by days, compared with
1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1921 fairs:
1922
1921
1920
1919
1918
1917
1916
1915
1914 1913
1912
Wednesday
Thursday
'Friday
tSaturday
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
7,162
12,435
47,369
69,701
26,266
46,340
53,793
37,440
37,694
23,061
6,765
11,613
44,088
32,434
24,186
41,898
46,215
38,622
30,065
18,137
7,919
13,609
50,249
38,233
27,622
61,927
67,170
56,928
33,521
26,658
5,567
10,428
40,004
37,507
28,197
61,431
78,612
71 ,653
46,613
27,835
5,214
8,346
29,713
24,573
20,938
39,089
54,434
50,876
67,072
24,122
6,098
10,435
38,079
29,771
28,719
43,649
65,292
66,733
38,351
22,169
4,871
9,004
30,671
29,853
24,236
46,983
59,936
49,033
24,270
13,115
3,112
7,610
27,722
17,158
14,190
35,085
47,501
44,103
31,955
16,630
4,537 3.849
9,886! 8,608
27,613 33,020
27,999 26,861
22,200 25,211
41,229 58,045
39,612 66,465
46,496 40,972
31,523 17,431
21,978
~~3~090
7,503
27,957
18,902
40,602
60,379
58,643
38,831
16,116
Total
361,261
291,023
383,836
408,147
324,377
349,298
291,972 245,0661273,073 280,462 272,023
♦Children's day since 1913.
tChildren's day, 1912.
ADMISSIONS TO GRAND STAND, AFTERNOON AND EVENINGS, 1922,
COMPARED WITH 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1921.
1922 Fair
1921 Fair
1920 Fair
1919 Fair 1918 Fair
Day
admis-
sions
Night
admis-
sions
Day
admis-
sions
Night
admis-
sions
Day
admis-
sions
Night
admis-
sions
Day
admis-
sions
Night
admis-
sions
Day
admis-
sions
Night
admis-
sions
Friday .
14,039
24,020
9,424
9,744
4,993
9,190
10,722
9,334
11,840
11,675
9,604
7,161
7,355
14,238 9,394
6,441 7,430
9,474 12,266
9,785 9,485
7,019 9,413
6,121 5,525
7,098; 2,012
15,659
12.777
12.531
12.436
8.090
6,664
Saturday
7,361 8,575 6,773 12,431 7,265
14,333 19,119 15,398 24,719 11,107
14,191 17,110 15,871 24,395, 12,938
11,856 13,050 14,797 21,037 12,442
6,994 6,911 10,523 13,616 23,810
13,696, * 15,024 12,103
7,065
Monday
15,101
17,897
Wednesday _
16,173
Thursday
17,212
Friday
Total
82,132
56,969
60.176 55.525
84,090' 77,542 91,017108,634 87,775
80,089
'1 ' 1 '
*Show called off on account of rain.
ADMISSIONS TO LIVE STOCK AND HORSE SHOW, IN STOCK PA-
VILION, 1922, COMPARED WITH 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915,
1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1921.
1922
1921
1920
1919
1918
1917
1916
1915
1914
1913
1912
Saturday
1,369
2,161
2,514
1,661
1,115
1,765
2,417
2,755
2,646
1,552
1,543
2,357
3,016
2,663
1,662
899
1,225
2,035
2,003
758
2,105
2,183
2,133
1,091
942
1,581
2,107
1,501
667
484
1,029
1,580
1,242
493
806
957
2,113
1,264
605
1,042
1,826
2,472
1,566
438
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
2,473
2,743
2,224
1,379
1,233
2,265
2,070
1,262
Total
8,819
8,820
11,135
11,241
6,162
8,270
6,798
4,228
5,745
7,344
6,830
152
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
The Following Table Gives the Number of Exhibitors and the Number
of Entries Made in Each Department of the 1921 and 1922 Fairs.
Department
Horses
Cattle
Boys and girls' calves
Swine
Boys and girls' pigs
Sheep
Boys snd girls' lambs
Goats
Poultry and pigeons
Boys and girls' poultry
Rabbits
Agriculture
Culinary
Dairy
Horticulture
Floriculture
Textile, china, etc
Graphic and plastic arts
Radio -
Boys and girls' club
Educational
Implements and machinery.
Totals.
1922 Fair
Number Number
Exhibitors Entries
120
152
328
270
264
37
8
3
156
101
6
245
272
106
78
8
228
39
13
405
66
271
3,176
1,316
2,299
433
3,933
590
1,419
62
43
2,826
564
64
1,977
2,292
116
1,422
140
1,985
149
13
988
881
23,512
1921 Fair
Number Number
Exhibitors Entries
105
118
167
279
204
33
22
159
203
12
332
338
124
104
43
237
SO
587
109
285
3,494
1,521
1,779
192
3,211
465
898
35
44
1,903
«?5
130
2,116
1,992
131
1,334
479
1,873
113
751
765
,587
The Following Tabulations Give the Number of Exhibitors and the
Number of Horses, Ponies and Mules Entered and the Actual
Number Shown at the 1921 and 1922 Fairs:
1922 Fair
1921 Fair
Breed
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Exhib-
Horses
Horses
Exhib-
Horses
Horses
itors
Entered
Shown
itors
Entered
Shown
Percheron
29
164
147
21
124
102
Belgian
16
117
76
12
91
86
Shire
11
83
65
8
87
85
Clydesdale __
5
39
31
14
72
30
Draft
13
70
25
16
29
23
Saddle and show horses
33
105
80
40
173
133
Ponies
13
145
131
10
84
84
Mules and jacks
Totals
9
98
33
7
64
34
129
621
588
105
724
577
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
153
The following tablulation gives the number of cattle exhibitors, the
number of cattle entered and the actual number of cattle shown at the
1921 and 1922 fairs:
1922 Fair
1S21 Fair
Breed
Number
Exhib-
itors
Number
Cattle
Entered
Number
Cattle
Shown
Number
Exhib-
itors
Number Number
Cattle Cattle
Entered Shown
Shorthorn..
Milking Shorthorn-
42
38
34
2
16
8
17
3
333
27
333
174
76
93
29
139
90
73
51
261
27
242
148
60
82
30
144
87
49
33
40
25
16
8
5
1
6
7
4
1
2
135
32
331
41
236
146
73
74
12
85
110
25
1
40
185
54
273
40
Hereford
216
115
Polled Shorthorn...
53
Red Polled
64
Galloway...
Holstein _
Jersey
12
83
101
Guernsey
Ayrshire
Brown Swiss
22
1
38
Baby beeves
310
18
S82
2S
350
23
145
47
Totals.
505
1,823
1,536
285
1,413
1,210
The following tabulation gives the number of Swine exhibitors and
the actual number of swine shown by breeds at the 1920, 1921 and 1922
fairs:
1922
Fair
1921 Fair
1920 J air
Breed
Number
Exhib-
itors
Number
Swine
Shown
Number
Exhib-
itors
Number
Swine
Shown
Number
Exhib-
itors
Number
Swine
Shown
Poland China
83
88
40
55
3S
9
25
14
264
454
510
279
725
317
13
292
60
487
103
89
53
55
20
9
6
4
204
570
553
509
510
107
48
62
28
460
99
121
768
1.150
Chester White
66 787
Hampshire
Spotted Poland China
Berkshire
45
16
4
6
3
167
642
172
90
Tamworth
Yorkshire. ____
70
47
Boys and girls' pig club
310
Totals
609
3,137
543
2,847
527
4,036
154 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
The following table sets forth the amount of cash premiums
1922
1921
1920
1919
1918
1917
1916
Horses
Cattle
Swine
Sheep
Goats
Poultry --
$ 19,265.00
30,005.00
7,194.00
3,912.00
245.00
1,238.50
65.25
8,695.00
1,325.00
722.00
2,621.50
235.00
1,336.50
589.00
60.00
741.50
625.00
17,771.40
$24,480.00
34,412.75
6,994.00
4,587.00
248.00
1,351.75
145.25
11,016.00
1,342.00
722.00
2,305.00
1,733.80
1,344.50
604.00
$ 24,653,00 $15,635.00 $13,555.00
29,891.50 21,399.20 16,172.55
8,697.00 8,316.00 6,881.50
4,084.00 4,121.00 3, 402.00
96.00 219.00 77.00
77O.0O 1,260.00 856.50
153.75 86.00 41.50
9,881.00 6,076.00 5,102.50
1,231.50 1,280.00 1,190.50
722.00 657.00 642.00
2,768.75 2,373.50 1,993.50
1,905.80 1,733.901 1,533 70
1,296.50 1,060.00 1^035.00
538.00 626.00 . 648.00
$13,385.00
15,618.25
6,433.00
4,039.00
$14,412.00
15,176.00
4,570.00
3,757.00
1,200.00
1,408.00
Agriculture
Culinary
Dairy
Horticulture
Floriculture
Textile, etc
Art
Radio--
6,360.50
1,149.51
657.00
2,086.25
1,533.8,
1,225.00
648.00
6,803.00
1,198.50
652.00
1,905.00
1,447-40
1,114.50
662.00
815.00
551.00
375.00
19,747.67
1,401.00
1,563.00 1,442.00
1,288.00
Scholarships
Speed premiums
650.0 J
421.84
21,506.59
18,144.71
17,555.88 16,544.77
12,145.17
::::: ::::::::: i~.
Spelling contest
Team judging
Junior department—
Horseshoe contest—
160.00
180.00
6,155.00
1,380.00
200.00
225.00
6,045.00
350.00
100.00
350.00
4,507.68
300.00
100.00
400.00
100.00, 100.00
100.00
Total premiums.
$104,521.65
$120,427.60
$112,620.15 $85,538.31
$72,350.13 $72,442.07 $67,060.41
1
hCups and medals given in place of cash prizes since 1912.
STATISTICAL STATEMENT COVERING RECEIPTS AND
1896 AND 1901 TO
Showing Receipts and Disbursements of Iowa State Fair and Other
Improvements, Maintenance Grounds and Buildings, Etc.,
Receipts
Disbursements
Cash
From
Total
Balance
From
State
From
Receipts
Grand
Premiums
Other
Beginning
State
Appro-
Other
for
Total
Paid
Fair
of Year
Fair
priation
Sources
Year
Expenses
1896..
$ 116.79
$ 36,622.10
$ 7,000.00
$ 6,710.22
$ 50,332.32
$ 50,449.11
$ 16,404.29
$ 15,351.06
1901—
28,616.55
50,712.91
1,000.00
2,753.82
54,466.73
83,083.28
19,203.83
13,925.87
1902 ._
34,244.93
63,084.71
38,000.00
3,0'37.(ff
104,121.77
138,366.70
21,736.31
20,073.34
1903—
30,372.25
59,838.56
1,000- 00
3,140.79
63,979.35
94,351.60
23,813.13
21.9S9.56
1904—
28,963.11
66,100.36
48,000.00
2,622-03
116,722.39
145,685.50
24,691.68
28,485.42
1905—
29,657.23
84,786.25
1,000.00
2,840.i'2
88,627.17
118,284.49
28,730.89
34,408.62
1906—
39,976.34
110,929.85
1,000.00
3,717.16
115,647.01
155,623.35
31,703.94
40,315.60
1907—
50,294.87
104,356.75
76,000.00
5,452.34
185,908.09
236,103.96
35,504.79
43,647.20
1908— _
35.227.90
l::8.764.66
1,000.00
3,262.95
143,027.61
178,355.51
38,744.56
55,848.65
1909—
25,328.73
137,307.40
101,000.00
5,257.42
243,564.82
268,893.55
42,262.76
66,963.12
191C—
4,985.25
157,250.77
1,000.00
14.658.30
171,918.07
176,903.32
49,717.50
80,513. 68
1911—
7,283.44
179,549.67
78,000.00
5,275.7:*
262,825.39
270,108.83
56,264.35
81,603.16
1912— _
18,036.99
185,701.21
8,000.00
14.579.82
208,281.03
226,318.02
58,139.15
85,829.74
1913—
615.63
188.&32.10
30,786.81
17,211 86
236,830.77
237,446.40
61,069.90
85,670.12
1914—
18,505.82
188,644.66
51,268.19
32,793.93
272,712.78
291,218.60
66,024.85
104,411.33
1915—
968.73
165,604.40
36,666.73
51,949 80
264,220.93
265,189.66
69,598.75
101,561.38
1916 —
100.63
201,381.96
9,133.27
3.366.59
247,165.32
247,265.95
67,060.41
102,137.45
1917—
3.998.17
257,122.56
24,832.25
17,341.11
299,295.92
303,294.09
72,442.07
117,091.31
1918
34,822.20
251,196.62
10,900.00
10,313-91
272,410.53
i 307,232.73
72,350.13
129,739.63
1919—
50,486.38
321,574.55
58,741.18
14,075 95
394,391.68
; 444,878.06
85,538.31
163,542.19
1920—
56,140.44
410,976.78
161,226.57
14,976.59
587,179.94
! 643,320.38
112,620.15
186,667.14
1921 —
73,354.64
297,695.25
; 32,192.94
16,475.83
346,374.02
419,728.66
120,427.64
173,696.43
1922...
24,060.02
313,259.49
3,400.00
8,515.82
325,175.31
349,235.33
10,454.65
141,753.46
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 155
paid in all departments of the fair for a period of twelve years:
Horses
Cattle
Swine.
Sheep.
G-'oats_
Poultry
Pet Stock
Agriculture.
Culinary
Dairy
Horticulture
Floriculture
Textile, etc
Art
Radio
Educational
Scholarships
Speed premiums
Dog show
*Baby health
Spelling contest
Team judging
Total premiums
1915 1914 1913 1912
1911
$ 17,364.00$ 18,537.50$ 15,612.50$ 14,
14,120.00, 12,673.25 12,623.00 11.
4, 188.00J 4,499.00 4,404.00 4,
3,375.00) 2,779.00' 2,317.00 2,
1910
940.00$ 14,184.00:
738.00 12,061.001
041.00 3,640-00
306.00 2,388.00
49,717.50
DISBURSEMENTS OF THE IOWA STATE FAIR FOR YEARS'
1922 INCLUSIVE.
Sources and Expenditures, Together With Amount Expended for
and Net Profit of Fair for Each of the Years Enumerated.
Disbursements
Profits of Fair
Mainte-
Disburse-
Improve- nance of
ments
Cash
Total Total
ments and Grounds
Other
Total
on
Receipts ; Expenses
Net
Perman't and
Than
for Year
Hand
of Pair of Pair
Profits
Repairs Buildings
for Pair
1896 ...
$ 7,471.95
$ 14,019.88
$ 58,247.28
$ ""52.84
i
$ 36,622.10 $ 31.807.35
$ 4,814.75
1901_._
13,378.73
2,313.44
48,821.87
34,244.93
50,712.91
38,129.70
17,583.21
21,275 06
1902™
63,457.121..
2,608.69
107. 875. 46
30,372.25
63,084.71
59,838.56
41,809.65
45.802 60
1903—
17,855.77
1,704.83
65,363.^9
28,963.11
14,035.87
1904...
59,641.11
3,195.4
116.013 6i
29 657.2;:
66,100.36
53,177.10
12,823.26
1905...
11,963.09
3,345.2
78,447.87
39,97f..34
84,786.25
63 139.51
21 64' i 74
1906...
30,035.33
3,385.87
105,44(1.74
50,394.87
110,929.85
72,459.39
38,470.40
1907™
16,459.05
5,043.0
200,654.07
35, 327.9*
104,356.75
79,151.99
25,204.76
1908™
53,663 69
4,975.5
153,231.98
25.328.73
138,764.66
94,593.21
44,171.45
1909
150,208.58
4.3,9.91
-63,814. 7
4,985.25
137,307.40
109,225.88
28,081.52
1910...
24,360.98
14,740.2
169,332.42
7,283.44
157,259.77
130,231.18
27,028. 59
19X1...
109,755.04
4,429.21
252,071.84
18,036.99
179,549.67
137,867.51
41, (-82.16
1912...
71,056.56$ 6,575.51
4,101.4^
225,7 2 39
615.63
18."), 701.21
143,968.80
41,732.-2
1913...
51,110.851 7,31367
13,7.6.0
2l8,0tu. 5s
18.50q.82
188,832.10
146,740.02
42. 002. ( 8
1914...
100,649.13 7,564.86
11,599.70
290,2^9 89
968.73
188,644.66
172,113.92
16,530.74
1915™
46,138.60) 6,770.91
41,019.39
205,089.03
100.63
165,604.40
171,160.13
•5,555.73
1916...
10,547.28! 3,432.77
60,089.8,
243,207.78
3,998 17
201,381.96
169,197.80
32,184.10
1917™
38,773.77 8,284.47
31,880.27
268,471.89
34.822.20
257,122.56
189,533.38
67,589.18
1918...
30,771.08* 12,217.77
11,667.74
256.7 6.35
50,486.38
251,196.62
202,-089.76
49,106 86
1919™
105,216.08 21,617.51
12,823.53
388,737.62
56,140.44
321,574.55
249,080.50
72,494.05
1920
229,415.93 21,470.40
19,792.12
569,965.74
73,354.64 410,976.78
299,287.29
111,689.49
1921...
54,909.74! 20,037.01
26,609.51
395,680 53
24,060.02 297,695.25
294,124.27
3,570.98
1922...
18,501.75 16,992.66
12,900.64
314,670.16
34,565.17 313,259.49
266,275.11
46,984.38
Loss.
156
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
STATEMENT OF INSURANCE IN FORCE ON FAIR GROUNDS,
BUILDINGS AND DATE OF EXPIRATION.
Fire
Tornado
Premiums
Expira-
tion
General form on frame buildings
Brick horse barn
Brick horse barn
Transformer station and contents--.
Women and Children's Building
Agricultural Building
Administration Building
Stock Pavilion
Machinery Hall
Swine Pavilion
Grandstand
Brick dining hall
Street car station
Sheep barn
Cattle barn
Superintendent's dwelling and barn-.
Superintendent's dwelling
Secretary's residence
Secretary's residence
$ 65,000.00
14,500.00
2,000.00
25,000.00
10,000.00
20,000.00
15,000.00
4,000.00
50,000.00
2,000.00
1,000.00
5,000.00
5,000.00
65,000.00
14,500.00
8,000.00
1,000.00
25,000.00
10,000.00
15,000.00
15,000.00
15,000.00
13,000.00
10,000.00
2,000.00
2,000.00
13,000.00
50,000.00
2,000.00
1,000.00
5,000.00
5,000.00
,639.04
395.12
40.00
43.00
465.50
275.00
435.38
378.75
75.00
65.00
100. 00
100.00
10.00
65.00
,612.00
11.60
7.00
60.00
31.00
1925
1924
1925
1925
1923
1923
1923
1923
1923
1925
1923
1924
1922
1925
1923
1923
1927
1923
1927
Total insurance $218,500.00
$261,500.00
$6,808.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 157
REPORT OF TREASURER, F. E. SHELDON. MOUNT AYR, IOWA.
Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Convention:
In accordance with the wishes of the State Board of Agriculture, I
herewith present a report of receipts and disbursements for the fiscal year
ending November 30, 1922:
Balance on deposit December 1, 1921 $ 25,279.00
206,556 general admissions at 50c $103,278.00
702 round up at 50c - 351.00
20,149 admissions after 6 p. m at 25c 5,037.25
29,486 half fare admissions at 25c 7,371.50
78 taxicab tickets at $5.00 390.00
1,917 exhibitors' tickets at $3.00 5,751.00
17 solicitors' tickets at $4.00 68.00
2,756 day grandstand (box) at $1.00 2,756.00
15,718 day grandstand (reserved lower half) at
75c 11,788.50
23,839 day grandstand (reserved upper half) at
50c 11,919.50
904 day grandstand (quarter stretch) at 50c. . 452.00
2,657 day grandstand (children, paddock) at 25c 664.25
30,288 day grandstand (paddock) at 50c 15,144.00
2,377 night grandstand (box) at $1.00 2,377.00
13,663 night grandstand (reserved lower half) at
75c 10,247.25
18,004 night grandstand (reserved upper half) at
50c 9,002.00
2,024 night grandstand (children, paddock) at
25c 506.00
18,712 night grandstand (paddock) at 50c 9,356.00
688 night horse show (box) at $1.00 688.00
5,924 night horse show (reserved) at 50c 2,962.00
1,727 night horse show (standing room) at 25c 431.75
Total ticket sales $200,541.00
Received from Secretary and Superintendents as follows:
Fees Stallion Registration Division $ 3,877.00
State appropriations 3,400.00
Miscellaneous receipts other than fair 1,079.95
Interest on account 527.89
Superintendent of Grounds 3,030.98
Superintendent Horse Department 3,008.00
Superintendent Cattle Department 3,659.50
Superintendent Swine Department 4,064.00
Superintendent Sheep Department 493.00
Superintendent Poultry Department 999.75
Superintendent Machinery Department 12,743.95
Superintendent Agricultural Department 2,120.00
Superintendent Dairy Department 2,798.73
Superintendent Exposition Department 3,047.50
Superintendent Concession Department 45,649.59
Superintendent Light and Power 1,226.90
Superintendent Speed Department 6,128.00
Superintendent Forage Department 10,285.28
Association Special Premiums 13,622.01
Secretary, advertising in premium list 1,492.58
Secretary, miscellaneous receipts of fair 1,379.70
Total receipts other than ticket sales $124,634.31
Grand total receipts ' $350,454.31
DISBURSEMENTS.
Expense warrants paid $210,325.06
Premium warrants paid 104,604.58
Total disbursements $314,929.64
Balance on hand November 30, 1922 35,524.67
To balance $350,454.31
December 1, 1922.
To the Directors of the State Board of Agriculture:
Gentlemen: This is to certify that there was on deposit at the Central
State Bank November 30, 1922, a time deposit of $10,000, and a balance
to the credit of P. E. Sheldon, Treasurer of the Iowa Department of
Agriculture, the sum of $25,524.67, making a total credit of $35,524.67.
Yours very truly,
FRANK C. ASH, Assistant Cashier.
158 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
i
INVENTORY OF REAL ESTATE AND FAIR GROUND BUILDINGS
Value
Nov. 30
1922
Real estate
Real estate, carrying- account
Carbon lamps
Telephone exchange
Light system
Administration Building furnishings
Amphitheatre chairs
W. & C. Building furnishing
Building fixtures, general
Office furniture, general
Tools and equipment
Live stock (mule team)
Supplies
Agricultural Building fixture
Wells and pump
Scales
Administration Building
Administration cottage
Agricultural, Horticultural and Dairy
Buildings
Ampitheatre
Art Hall
Auto garage
Blacksmith shop, speed B
Boys and Girls' Club Building
Bleachers
Band stand
Barber shop (sold 1919)
Boys' dormitory
Cattle barn (new)
CoDege Building
Closet No. 1
Closet No
Closet No
Closet No.
Closet No. 1
Closet No. 18.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Closet No.
Chicken coop (secretary's)
Dining hall (old P. O.)
Dining hall (brick)
Dining hall (Grand Ave.)
Exposition Building
Farm house
Farm barn
Floral Hall (B. & G. dining hall)
Forage barn
Fire station
Flag poles
Filing station
Game farm cottage
Grocery store
Grand Avenue entrance
Horse
barn
barn
barn
barn
barn
barn
barn
barn
,al ..
, bi
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
ick .. _.
Horse
1
Horse
2
Horse
3
Horse
4
Horse
5
Horse
6
Horse
7
Hospil
::.:::::
169.84
291.32
64.88
28.17
63.69
562.63
236.22
684.48
8,456.53
5,346.63
21,389.92
3,848.67
1,152.05
1,549.84
1,670.22
604.79
433.05
108.04
599.80
381.55
4,321.85
270.75
48,137.64
1,821.98
1,649.65
1,548.53
1,393.81
1,394.24
1,396.55
1,176.27
697.27
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION
159
Ice house (old)
Ice house (new)
Judges' stand
Judges' stand (show ring;
Lumber shed
Lumber shed
Lumber shed
Machinery Hall
Meat market
Nurse cow barn No. 1
Nurse cow barn No. 2
Nurse cow barn No. 3
Nurse cow barn No. 4
Nurse cow barn No. 5
Nurse cow barn No. 6
Office building No
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Office building No.
Poultry Building
Power Hall
Police headquarters ___
Paddock, cooling out.
Postoffice (new)
Rabbit Building
Rock Island entrance..
Refreshment stand
Speed barn A
2 (never speed barn)_.
Speed
Speed
Speed
Swine
Stock
Speed barn No. 1
Speed barn No. 2
Speed barn No. 3
Speed barn No. 4
Speed barn No. 5
Speed barn No. 6
Speed barn No. 7
Speed barn No. 8
Speed barn No. 9
barn No. 10
barn No. 11
barn No. 12
pavilion
pavilion
Street car station
Sheep barn
Shaver Building
Secretary's residence
Telephone station
Ticket booth No. 1
Ticket booth No. 2
Ticket booth No. 4 and 5
Ticket booth No. 6 and 7
Ticket booth No. 8 and 9
Ticket booth (Grand Avenue)
Ticket booth (quarter stretch)
Ticket booth (amphitheatre)
Ticket booth (amphitheatre)
Ticket booth (amphitheatre)
Ticket booth (amphitheatre)
Ticket booth (reserved seats)
Ticket booth (stock pavilion)
Ticket booth (Rock Island)
Ticket booth (Rock Island)
Ticket booth (paddock)
University Avenue entrance
Vaudeville stages
Women and Children's Building
Walnut Street entrance
W. C. T. U. Building
Grand total __ $1,582,112.48
160 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
IOWA STATE FAIR BALANCE SHEET
November 30, 1922
RESOURCES
Real estate .$612,654.58
Buildings 893,972.70
Light and telephone plant 34,501.44
Personal property 42,451.71 ^^^
Accounts receivable „,'?fl'i?
Cash balance in treasury November 30, 1922 34,565.71
Total resources $1,619,372.72
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable __ $ 774.09
SURPLUS
State appropriation for frame buildings, 1885 $ 50,000.00
State appropriation for real estate 89,124.47
State appropriation for permanent buildings since 1902 596,000.00
Increase in value of real estate and profits of fair invested in
permanent improvements - 883,473.96
Total surplus $1,618,598.63
$1,619,372.72
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 161
President Cameron : You will find the treasurer's report, gentle-
men, printed in this report, so it will not be necessary for the
treasurer to make his report.
President Cameron : We have with us this morning, Mr. Chas. D.
Reed, Director of the Iowa Weather and Crops Service Bureau. I
take pleasure in introducing Mr. Reed to the convention at this time
who will give us a review of the work carried on by this Bureau.
Mr. Reed: The winter preceding the crop season of 1922 was warmer
and slightly more moist than normal with snowfall of only 9.5 -inches
for the three winter months, which is the least of record and 2.5 inches
less than the winter of 1906-1907, which has heretofore held the record.
The storm of January 4th-5th left a coating of ice over the southern and
part of the central counties that remained for several days. Another ice
or "glaze" storm February 21st-23rd damaged fruit and shade trees. It
was feared that these two storms would kill considerable winter wheat
and tame grass but for some reason only two per cent of the winter
wheat was killed, which is far less than the average.
Considerable precipitation in February and toward the last of March
made the soil too wet to work until well into April. Scarcely a begin-
ning had been made in spring seeding during the first 10 days of April,
but drying weather the rest of the month permitted rapid progress in
seeding and toward the close of the month there was some complaint in
the drier western counties that soil moisture was not sufficient to germi-
nate oats. Not much spring wheat was sown.
The rather unusual warmth and moisture advanced vegetation rapidly
but did not swell the fruit buds to the danger point, and no frost dam-
age to fruit occurred.
Live stock in general wintered well. Sows bred for spring pigs in-
creased 29 per cent over the preceding spring, but the superabundance
of cheap corn and the scarcity of ready cash to buy supplemental feeds,
caused the sows to be fed an unsuitable ration. Cholera, "flu" and
other diseases weakened the sows so that the size, vitality and uniformity
of litter were considerably reduced, and the unfavorable weather of
April caused considerable loss of pigs. Though May did not warm up
as rapidly as usual, it was dry and sunshiny and with the coming of
tender shoots of grass, the condition of sows and pigs improved rapidly.
Preparations for corn planting proceeded without interference, except
in a few central and eastern counties where heavy local rains occurred
May 23rd-26th. Sixty per cent of the acreage was planted by May 15th,
and 96 per cent by June 1st.
Drouth continued in June, the average rainfall for the month, 1.82
inches, being as little as June, 1911, when one of the more notable
drouths of the state set in. Temperatures were very high, the warmest
day of the year in the northwest portion of the state being June 23rd,
when temperatures of 100° or higher occurred. Inwood reported 104°.
Corn was not materially injured though the leaves curled some on hot
afternoons. By the close of the month the earliest corn was more than
waist high and about half of the crop was laid by. Oats headed very
11
162 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
short — too short to harvest in some localities in the west central and
northwest counties, yet thrashing returns showed yields slightly above
the 10-year average over most of the State and the quality was much
better than last year. Winter wheat, spring wheat and barley were not
injured as much as expected, the yield and quality being generally satis-
factory.
In contrast with June, July was cool and wet, which went far to
repair the crop damage. In only a few northern counties did the temper-
ature get as high as 90°. Beginning with a general rainstorm July
5th-7th, frequent copious rains broke the drouth. Much damaging hail
attended the rain, yet the benefits of the storms far oueweighed the
damage. Some of the storms had tornadic characteristics in small
areas. Small grains, standing and in shock, were damaged by the wind
and rain. Yet harvest progressed well. Much fruit was blown from the
trees, but an abundance remained for full development.
August was the warmest month of the year, the greatest temperature
excess occurring about the 15th-24th, followed by an abrupt change to
50° colder at a number of stations. Excessive rainfall in some southwest
counties was centered in Shelby county where 9.46 inches fell at Har-
lan, but for the State as a whole precipitation was deficient. Shocked
grain was damaged in the wet area, while corn, pastures and truck crops
were injured by drouth in some eastern counties. Much of the State
was visited by severe hailstorms and there was considerable damage from
wind squalls.
September was warm and considerably drier than the average, the
warmest period being the first eight days, during which over much of
the State the highest temperatures of the year occurred. Many northern
and eastern stations had the highest September temperatures of record —
at one station the highest in 50 years. Slight frosts occurred on the
10th, 11th, 16th, 25th, 26th and 27th, but no damage resulted. Silo
filling and fodder cutting made good progress. The corn stood up much
better than last year, and there was much less damage from corn ear
worm. Commercial sweet corn and tomato canning proceeded under
favorable conditions, the quality of the pack being very good and the
quantity considerably larger than last year. Deficient rainfall impeded
plowing and preparation for winter wheat seeding, and together with the
heat wave, is thought to have shortened the corn yield slightly, but this
was off-set by hastening the maturity of the corn. Winter wheat seeding
was delayed to avoid the Hessian fly, which was unusually numerous till
near the close of the month.
The first six and last eight days of October were unusually warm.
Killing frosts occurred on the 9th over a large area in the northwest
portion, and on the 12th over most of the State, except a few Mississippi
River counties which did not experience a killing frost till the 18th.
About 97 per cent of the corn matured without frost damage. The crop
dried rapidly and much was cribbed toward the close of the month. Win-
ter wheat seeding progressed rapidly at the beginning of the month and
85 per cent was finished by October 10th. Moisture was generally suffi-
cient for germination of the wheat which made good growth until near
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 163
the close of November. Considerable damage to early seeded wheat by
Hessian fly was reported.
An uuusual windstorm November 5th blew much- corn to the ground
over the western two-thirds of the State. Current and subsequent rains
damaged the down corn, which lay in the muddy fields at temperatures
high enough to cause rotting and sprouting. Husking was considerably
delayed by the wet fields through which full loads of corn could not be
drawn. Another windstorm Thanksgiving Day, November 30th, the most
severe in many years, caused further damage to the remnant of corn
remaining in the fields.
Iowa's 1922 corn crop is the second largest of record. The old corn on
Iowa farms November 1st was estimated at 39,668,000 bushels; new corn,
December 1st, 455.535,000 bushels; total corn 495,203,000 bushels; com-
pared with a total of 502,344,000 bushels in 1921, and 506,943,000 bushels
in 1920. New corn is 28 per cent above pre-war normal; old corn 159;
and total corn .33 per cent above pre-war normal. Fortunately, Iowa
farmers are much better provided with live stock to consume this corn
than they were last year and the corn production of the country as a
whole is less.
It is unusual that both warm weather and cool weather crops produce
well in the same season, but in 1922, practically all crops yielded above
the 10-year average and fruit, particularly apples, made an unusually
large crop. The total value of crops is 57 per cent greater than a year
ago.
FINAL ESTIMATES OF IOWA CROPS, 1922.
An increase of 57 per cent in the total value of Iowa's 1922 crops
over 1921 is shown by the final joint estimates of the Iowa Weather and
Crop Service and the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics read by
Charles D. Reed, Director of the State service, at the State Agricultural
Convention in the House Chamber of the Capitol Building Wednesday.
Four bumper corn crops in succession is Iowa's unprecedented record;
the 1922 crop of 455,535,000 bushels being raised on 10,123,000 acres with
an average yield of 45 bushels to the acre, worth December 1, 54 cents
per bushel or a total value of $245,989,000. The total corn crop of 1922
is exceeded only by that of 1920. The quality is good, the moisture
content of that received at elevators during the last week in November
being 16.8 per cent as compared with 16 per cent last year. Ninety-
seven per cent matured without frost damage. On December 1, 86 per
cent of the corn husking had been done, which is about the usual. About
8 per cent of the total crop was hogged and grazed down.
Oats were a much better crop than last year, yielding a total of 222,-
851,000 bushels on 6,023,000 acres with average yield of 37 bushels per
acre, worth 34 cents per bushel or a total value of $75,769,000.
Spring wheat acreage dropped to 68,000 which is probably the least since
Iowa became a State. The yield per acre was 15 bushels; the total crop,
1,020,000 bushels, worth at 95 cents per bushel, $969,000.
Winter wheat is steadily gaining favor in Iowa. The acreage in 1922
increased to 689,000; the yield per acre was 23 bushels; the total yield,
164 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
15,847,000 bushels;- the price 97 cents per bushel and the total value,
$15,372,000. Winter killing was only 2 per cent in the winter of 1921-22.
A further increase in acreage seeded is reported for the 1923 crop but
there are indications that this will be somewhat reduced by the depreda-
tions of the Hessian fly.
Barley acreage is estimated at 150,000; yield per acre, 28.4 bushels;
total, 4,260,000 bushels, worth, at 52 cents per bushel, $2,215,000.
Rye acreage was 60,000; yield per acre, 19 bushels; total yield 1,140,000
bushels; price 71 cents per bushel; value, $809,000.
Flaxseed: Area harvested 8,000 acres; average yield, 10 bushels;
total yield, 80,000 bushels; price per bushel, $2.07; total value, $166,000.
Timothy seed: Area harvested, 230,000 acres; average yield, 4.53
bushels; total yield, 1,042,000 bushels; average price, $2.49; total value,
$2,595,000.
Clover seed: Area harvested, 132,000 acres; yield per acre, 1.7 bushels;
total yield, 224,000 bushels; price per bushel, $10.40; total value, $2,-
330,000.
Tame Hay increased to 3,393,000 acres, including 200,000 acres of alfalfa.
The average yield was 1.40 tons; total production, 4,750,000 tons; price
$10.40 per ton; total value, $49,400,000.
Alfalfa yielded 2.67 tons per acre or a total of 534,000 tons; price, $14.80
per ton; total value, $7,903,000.
Wild Hay: Area, 432,000 acres; yield per acre, 1.14 tons; total pro-
duction, 492,000 tons; price, $8.50 per ton; total value, $4,182,000.
Minor miscellaneous crops such as garden truck, fruit, popcorn, sweet
corn, buckwheat, sugar beets, pasturage, etc., are lumped off at a paltry
$75,101,000 worth.
Increased values due to feeding a considerable portion of these crops
to live stock are not considered in this report.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 165
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166 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
President Cameron : The next subject on the program is some-
thing in which we are interested : Boys and Girls Club Work.
We have with us the State Leader, Professor P. C. Taff of Ames,
who is very much interested in Boys and Girls club work, and who
has had a great deal to do in making it a success in the state of
Iowa. I take pleasure ,in introducing Professor Taff at this time.
Prof. P. C. Taff: Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen of the convention: I
am especially glad to have the opportunity to talk with you a few
minutes this morning about this important question. I don't know where
we could get a group of men together who would be more interested
and more influential in developing this type of work than the people
we have here this morning, so I am especially glad to meet you on that
account.
I believe this is the most important work we have to do in order to
meet our agricultural problems of the future. I believe we have the
greatest opportunity to really develop agriculture by working with the
boys and girls. You people know this to be a fact and you are trying,
through your fair work and other institute work, to introduce the best
known agricultural practice. You know if you take an agricultural prac-
tice and place it in the hands of a person forty or fifty years old that that
practice is not going to be used by that person very long, probably ten or
not to exceed fifteen years in the ordinary expectancy of life. But you
can take that same practice and you can put it in the hands of a young
person, a boy or girl fifteen to twenty years of age, just coming into the
use of that information and that information will be used by that per-
son anywhere from forty to fifty years. And so I say from the stand-
point of economy, the expenditure of funds, you are going to do more
with your money and with your efforts in working with the boys and the
girls than you are with the older people. That is to say nothing of the
well-known fact among educators that a boy or girl can be taught more
than an older person. "We have our habits established. We think we
know certain things from experience, and men who are on the farms do
know a lot of things from experience, and they don't take so readily to
new ideas as do the boys and the girls. And so I say from that stand-
point, too, it is well worthwhile to expend your efforts as much as you can
upon the boys and the girls.
This boys' and girls' club work that you all assist in considerably, it
seems to me, fits especially well into the plan of your fair work. In the
first place, one of the principal things that we try to hold up to these
boys and girls is that they ought to learn from it some better methods than
anyone used before. That is the educational side of the work and one
of the most important. I believe that is one thing that fairs are trying
to do. They are trying to push along, in other words, to give the individ-
ual something a little better than he had before. We try to do that in
boys' and girls' club work. And we believe we accomplish a great deal
along that line, because when a boy or girl goes into the work he or she
receives some information and begins to use it in the home or on the
farm.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 167
Then in the second place one of the big features of this work is the
demonstration phase of it. We don't ask them simply to get that informa-
tion for themselves and keep it, but we impress upon them the importance
and the opportunity that they have for spreading that information to
others. It may be that it is used only in the home work or on a particular
farm, but more likely it will be outside of that, and in that community
is ever teaching some of these better practices.
I related this incident yesterday to show you what the effect of the
boys' and girls' work has sometimes in a community in that regard: A
boy up in a northwest Iowa county wrote in last summer and complained
of the fact that he was being bothered by the people in the community —
that is the way he put it — by the people in his community all coming and
wanting to see his calf. He had an especially good type of calf he was
feeding. The people began to hear about it in that community and they
would come and ask him to lead it out of the barn, and he said it got
to the point on Sundays so he would just simply lead the calf out under a
tree and tie it there so he would not have to be leading it in and out of
the barn all the time.
That is a good demonstration of the fact that the people in that com-
munity were looking to that boy and his calf for something better than
probably they had upon their own farms. They believed that calf was
an especially good type and they were coming there to see what that
animal looked like and undoubtedly they carried away information that
they are going to use later on. Further than that, I venture to say
that hardly a person came there to look at that boy's calf but asked one
further question, that is, they asked the boy "What are you feeding that
calf?" And if that boy was following out, as he undoubtedly was, some
of the best feeding instructions given anywhere, he would tell them of
the ration, which was probably better than anything they had ever heard
of or were using on their own farms. There again they were carrying
away this idea.
We use this illustration sometimes in connection with girls' work more
particularly: You know a few years ago throughout the farming com-
munities of the north and also of the south, what is known as cold-pack
canning was almost an unknown thing. The canning factories used it
very commonly, but the homes never used it, didn't know certain products
could be canned by this process. Then in 1915 the girls' club began
demonstrations all over the country, in this state and in other states,
and they followed that up with public demonstrations at fairs and all
kinds of meetings, until as you probably know today the cold-pack can-
ning method is very commonly used; in fact, a survey recently made by
the department of agriculture revealed this, that the cold-pack canning
method is now used in more homes in the United States than do home
bread baking. That may be a surprising statement, but we get the figures
from all over the country and it shows the results of the work. It shows
that through this work you can put into effect in any county, any com-
munity any good agricultural practice in the way of live stock raising,
corn raising, poultry raising, or something for the home. It is entirely
possible to do that with the boys and girls, to teach them these things, and
168 TWEiNTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
in a few years it will be common practice in that community. Those are
two things I had in mind that fit especially well into your work.
Then there is another thing I am sure every one of you present here
is interested in and that is the fact that by working with these boys and
girls in work of this kind and bringing them out to work together and
compete together, we are developing in these rural boys and girls leader-
ship that is going to be important in the very near future.
I was in a meeting last spring when these presidents of a certain kind
of boys' club were called in, there happened to be thirty-one groups in
that county, and the president of a small college got them together and
gave them some instructions in regard to how to handle a meeting, how to
preside, because that was what they were going to do when they went
back and held their own club meetings. He gave them instructions on
simple things about parliamentary law. I heard a father say after that
meeting: "Well, it would have been just a whole lot better for us if we
could have had that very same thing when we were younger." I- think
that expressed very well the idea of a good many people in regard to this
work.
In connection with this work, some have asked, "Why can't the schools
do this?" Well, the schools are doing a lot and we certainly want to assist
and cooperate with the schools in every way we can, but I have to point
out in that connection these figures, which may somewhat astound you.
There is an old saying you know that figures don't lie, but liars do figure,
so if you don't believe me figure it out yourself. It is a fact that a boy
or girl in the average community, farm community in Iowa, from the
time they are born until they are twenty-one years of age, if they are
good boys and girls, spend about one per cent of their time in church and
about 10 per cent of their time in school, which leaves about 90 per
cent of their time under home direction. That is why I believe these
clubs I am talking about, and which you can assist in, are important be-
cause they teach the boy or girl so effectively, with so much of their time.
I believe we have an opportunity to help the boys and girls on the farm
in helping them develop themselves for agricultural leaders. You know
it is a fact in the average county in Iowa about 160 new farmers start
every year; about 160 boys start farming every year. That is to say
nothing of the girls who go into the farm houses. If we just simply ex-
pend our efforts to reach that 160 and see that they are equipped with
the best possible information concerning all farm operations, I believe in
a few years we will have a class of farmers upon our farms that would
produce more efficiently than is the case* at the present time.
I want to speak just briefly of the things that exhibitions and contests,
and more particularly what the Iowa State Fair is doing for the boys'
and girls' club work. We who are in state work use the Iowa State Fair
particularly in our state work — and you can use it as sort of a goal,
as a thing we urge the boys and girls to strive for. We have a wonderful
help in that way. In all this work, the contest feature, the competition
is always in the boy's or girl's mind. You know a football game would
not be interesting at all if it were not for the contest.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 169
We find the contest feature especially helpful, and so we point a good
deal of our state effort towards the state fair, which brings together
practically everything in the work in which the boys and girls are com-
peting. We are certainly very glad that we have a state fair board here
which is backing the boys' and girls' work so strongly. We certainly ap-
preciate the work they are doing and we only hope it will not develop so
fast that they cannot keep up with it. Or to put it another way, we hope
they will be able to keep up with the growth in it because we know there
is a tremendous growth right now in this work. I say we point our
efforts toward the state fair, and you have seen the results if you have
been up here and observed the exhibits at the fair.
We divide these things into about three classes: for exhibits, for
demonstrations and for judging contests; and in addition to that, of
course, we have the camp and dining hall. But exhibits are the feature,
exhibits attract more attention than anything else because they have been
growing and developing and are most evident, and in the last few years
there has been a wonderful growth in that work. For instance, this
past year we had enrolled in the state a few less than 700 boys in the
calf club and baby beef feeding work. There were on exhibition at the
Iowa State Fair last year 382 head, practically one-half of the total
number fed. Just as warning to the state fair board I want to say that
as near as we can figure at the present time — the figures are incomplete,
because the enrollment for this coming year is not all finished — we know
that there are 1,200 head on feed at the present time, and I would not be
at all surprised with the rate they are coming in if, within the next month,
there will be at least 1,400 or possibly 1,500. If the same percentage holds
in regard to the number exhibited you can expect 750 or 800 calves at
the Iowa State Fair next year. That is going to present a problem to our
fair board. I believe it is something of importance for the reason that
you men as fair people know it is not a good thing to try to discourage
a part of those exhibits from coming. I think probably all of you have
had experience in trying to throw out a little smoke screen saying: "We
are going to have a tremendous exhibit, going to be crowded and prob-
ably some ought to stay at home." The consequence of a recommendation
of that kind is that entirely too large a percentage stay home.
I don't believe in this case that you ought to try to limit the numbers,
at least very much, because exhibiting at the state fair offers these boys
that grow these calves an opportunity to market these animals to an ad-
vantage they cannot get in their local communities very often, so urge
them to come here if at all possible, and we hope there will be large num-
bers come and we hope they won't overcrowd the accommodations of the
fair. But I do believe you will have that problem to meet next year, even
much greater than last year.
That calf club class is one of the interesting and one of the important
things. I think we are safe in saying that last year we had as many
calves in the baby beef class at the Iowa State Fair as were on exhibit
at any show in this country this year and possibly a few more. The pig
club classes at the Iowa State Fair are very large also, this year something
over 600 head. Most of these pigs are brought in and returned home.
170 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
The reason they come in large numbers is they are easy to convey to
the fair and easy to take back. A great many of them are trucked in.
I believe that class will continue to be large and probably grow. The
membership in clubs is going to be much larger next year than it has ever
been before. The pig club class is going to present another problem in
accommodation at the state fair. We do hope this matter of the pig club
classes will be looked into early this year and something worked out that
will accommodate them in good shape. I think this applies to your own
local accommodations as well as to the Iowa State Fair.
Of all things we don't want to do is to give these boys and girls the
wrong impression of exhibitions. If they have to come to make their ex-
hibits and meet with poor accommodations it won't be very long until
they become discouraged in the matter of exhibiting. I think it is very
important that our boys and girls get the most satisfactory accommoda-
tions possible to show their stuff, at least equal with the older people.
In the matter of demonstrations we are meeting another problem. You
are always interested at your fairs in having something that will attract
and will impress people with its value, yet having these demonstrations
put on by these boys and girls accomplished that purpose last year. In
Chicago I was very much interested in the team from Iowa which demon-
strated there. It was the baby beef club team from Muscatine county
which won out here at the Iowa State Fair last year and we were able
to get the two best in Chicago. They gave a demonstration there during
the International on Monday last week, and a number of men of the stock
yards were there, including Mr. Leonard, who commented very favorably
on the effect of that demonstration upon the people who were attending.
It is a fact shown by figures from army records that 75 per cent of the
people cannot receive information by being told of it. Only about 25 per
cent where you tell people about a certain thing will be able to use that
information and put it into effect. That is the value of our demonstration
work. These boys and girls get up and go through the process and it
impresses people so much more and so many more people take home these
ideas.
We have carried out demonstrations at the Iowa State Fair the last
two or three years to good advantage, excepting that we have had so many
of these teams sent in from the counties we are almost swamped, can
hardly work out a program to take care of them. We strive to make room
for them in some way, encourage them to come, because there is no reason
why in some work like poultry culling we can't have a team working all
the time. These boys and girls will do that very effectively. You will
be surprised if you never followed that work how effectively the boys and
girls who have this information carry out their part before people. They
will do just as good a job — I often say I would just as soon have some of
the boys and girls I have seen here at this state demonstration in exten-
sion work as some other demonstrators, because they are able to do as
good a job.
In the matter of the stock judging contest there were about 200 who
took part in it and I don't think there was anything of more interest.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 171
We have good accommodations so far as they go for the boys and girls
at the state fair, but they are crowded considerably. We haven't had
sleeping quarters enough for our boys nor for the girls and are going to
have to urge upon the fair board very soon that they expand as far as
giving accommodations for sleeping. This last year through the courtesy
of the fair board we put in a dining room where we feed the boys and
girls at cost on the grounds, and we think we have thereby accomplished
a good deal in establishing good feeling among the leaders over the
state and among the boys and girls themselves. I have heard a good many
favorable comments from leaders and fathers and mothers saying, "Now
if the fair is going to run a dining hall where we are sure our boys and
girls will receive proper food we will not hesitate to send them there for
a week," whereas they have in the past hesitated on the grounds that it
would not possibly be a very good thing for their boy or girl to go there
and eat at any old place on the grounds. That I think is an important
feature, one I certainly want to recommend to the management of the fair.
Now I have spent considerable time in regard to these things and I have
one or two suggestions or recommendations which I would want to leave
before the board today. The first is in regard to the calf and pig club
classes. I think there is a big problem that will have to be worked out
and met before the next Iowa State Fair. We can expect almost double
the number of calves and some increase in the pig club exhibits, and in
these quarters something needs to be done there immediately.
As I have emphasized several times in going through this matter I
think what I have said about state fair work in general applies to our
district and county fairs because I believe that, in a smaller way, you
have just as big an opportunity in your local community to serve these
boys and girls as has the Iowa State Fair. I believe you can do just as
much for them locally, and what I would urge upon fair managers at
this time is this one point, to get busy immediately and try to work out
with the people in your county who are interested in this work what is
going to be done next year. Boys' and girls' club work is not something
that can be decided upon about a month in advance of the fair, but to be
successful must be taken up early. In these clubs, if they are animal
clubs, the animal must be secured and put on feed and carried through
several months before it is ready to exhibit at your fair, so that means
work immediately with your county agent and clubs. In fact, a baby
beef club is on feed at the present time and the pig club will come on very
soon, so that would have to be done if you were going to carry on one
successfully. I am sure on these questions you will find these various
people who represent club work, local leaders, home demonstrators and
the county agent willing and anxious to help out.
I was interested in some figures collected from published accounts which
showed in Iowa the past year that the average county fair paid out about
$120 for the boys' and girls' classes. Of course you realize some fairs
did not put up any and some put up a considerably larger amount, but
since it figured $12,000 offered it made the average about $120. We add
that to about $9,000 which was paid through the Iowa State Fair and we
have something like $21,000 as the amount offered in premiums to boys
172 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
and girls. That is not very much when we consider this fact, that there
are enrolled in Iowa in this boys' and girls' club work now about 15,000
members, an average of 150 boys and girls to the county. In the fair
work this last year, as near as I could say, something like 10 per cent
or 1,500 of the boys' and girls' club members took part in the Iowa State
Fair. I have not figured how many took part in the local fairs. The first
thing of importance now is to decide what can be done for the boys
and girls in the clubs which they are organizing this coming year.
I think also some of you people who represent district fairs should think
of the opportunity of putting on an interesting district contest. For
instance, you know the Inter-State Fair at Sioux City is doing a large
amount of work for the boys and girls not only of Iowa but of the central
west. They are devoting a great deal of attention and money to that
phase of the work and I am sure Mr. Eaton and Mr. Moore and others
agree with me that it is putting a very interesting feature into their fair.
They are also doing considerable up through the northwest Iowa counties.
I believe the same thing holds true for any fairs which cover more than
one county. I believe if you would go at it in time you would work up
district contests there which would be very, interesting and also would be
very helpful to this work in that district. I hope that will be carried
out in all districts where they cover more than one particular county,
because I believe it adds very much to have inter-county contests. There
is nothing like the boys and girls competing with one another.
The contest completed in Chicago last week was probably the greatest
contest ever carried out; that was the national canning contest, and the
prize was a trip to France to one of the teams. The Iowa team which
won at the state fair canning contest last year was sent to the Inter-
State Fair at Sioux City last fall and competed with twelve central west
states, and as you might expect Iowa came out on top. So the winning
team there was entitled to go to Chicago and meet the older teams from
over the United States in the final contest. And in that contest, like
every other contest held in Chicago last week, we are proud of the fact
also that the Iowa team of club girls in Muscatine county were again
on top and won this wonderful prize trip to France, which they will take
beginning about next May, and go through the same work as in their own
local community. They are going there to teach the people of France the
canning method which they have used in their own homes and own club
work in their county. That is the sort of information we have spread in
our state, in our country, and we are going into other countries.
The boys' and girls' work such as is done in the United States has
become an institution in this country, but it never has been much in any
other country. Now a great deal of interest has developed all over the
world and we are receiving requests for information as to how we do this
work. I believe after this work is done in France this year we are going
to have considerable helpful interest there, and probably a good many
countries are going to proceed with it. I think that is specially interesting
because it is one of the few things that has been originated in the United
States. The school system is not limited to the United States alone. But
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 173
the boys' and girls' club work is a big institution in the United States,
with 600,000 boys and girls in it.
I forgot to mention one point I want to mention and that is the fact
that while we have in this state 15,000 boys and girls enrolled, we haven't
scratched the surface as to possibilities. There are on the farms of Iowa
as near as we can get the figures from the census, about 225,000 boys and
girls between ten and twenty-one years old, which is the eligible age
for this work. When I said 15,000 enrolled you can see we have not
scratched the surface, reaching but a small percentage of those who ought
to be in the work, so I don't want to leave those figures on your mind
thinking they are large and nothing is to be done in expanding them. We
haven't begun to reach out and get the boy and girl that ought to be in.
You will agree with me that if it is good for those 15,000 to be in this
work it would be just as good for the other 200,000 not in it. I believe
we ought to all combine our efforts along that line, and if we do it I be-
lieve agricultural work in this state will be more effective, and I believe
there will be better practices introduced very readily.
President Cameron : The next speaker on the program is our
Attorney General Ben J. Gibson, who I am sure has an interesting
message for this convention.
Attorney General Ben J. Gibson: The fair that is a real success is the
fair where everybody, farmers and business men, poor and rich, those in
affluence and those in common estate, can just come in there and feel
they are just on a level and it is their fair. If you have that feeling you
are going to have a successful fair.
Among the things that appealed to me at the state fair were the horse
shoe pitching, the horse racing, and these other things that are good
ordinary sports. You know I have always liked to think of the amusing
things in life, and in the last two or three years in this state and this
nation we, as a people, know that there has grown up in America and in
the state of Iowa a sort of condition of mind that has made us grouchy.
I don't care whether you are business men or whether you are farmers
that same feeling has come to you and it has come to me. Now I am not
going to enter into a discussion of why that is or what it is, but I just
want to strike this note, that Iowa is the same old state of Iowa; the
same wealth, the same farms, the same bordering rivers of the Mississippi
and the Missouri, and it is set here just like the same jewel that it was
in the years gone by, with the same people, the same magnificent people
that in stress of war in 1917 got together as one and lifted Iowa to a niche
in American history that it will never be able to forget. In that connec-
tion I want to tell you an incident I have told a number of times in the
past few years, of the time I passed down by the great library building
in New York City during service. As I went by that building my eyes
just happened to go up at the motto or sign that was over the building.
I imagine there are thousands of other Iowa boys who saw the same sign,
and that sign was simply this: "Buy bonds the way they buy bonds
in Iowa." I want to tell you that sign was there to tell to the people
in New York what was the real patriotic duty of American citizenship.
174 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
So our people were great then and our people are great now. The fact
is this, that you have everything in Iowa that you have had in the years
gone by, and as I listened to one of the speakers this morning I learned
you have increased your crops by some 57 per cent during the past year.
Really the glory of Iowa is just beginning. When you go downstairs, go
down the big stairway and turn around and look at that glorious picture
which speaks of the future growth of this state. Then as you go down
just look up between the two pillars and behold these words: "Iowa—
my eyes have been permitted to behold but the beginning of her glory."
As you look at that just simply think, "Well now, it is all right for us to
be grouchy, but we have got the greatest state in the union, let's just smile
once in a while." We all just want to realize the fact that we are now
as happy and as contented as we want to be and as we believe. I don't
think for one moment we ought to be grouchy.
There are some things I want to talk to you about this morning from the
standpoint of agriculture. You have all listened to a great many things
with reference to agriculture, and of course agriculture, as you know
and as I know, is the basic industry in America, in Iowa for instance.
I have sometimes listened to men speaking and talking about different
things in this state, and there has come to me this thought, that con-
tinually the business men of the state, and those with wealth and those
who operate various industries in the state, should remember that 51.5
per cent, and more, that is the minimum, of the wealth of Iowa is invested
in the Iowa farms. In addition to that there is another large percentage
invested in the farm machinery, the farm stock and the farm crops. When
you have two-thirds of the wealth of this state in one great industry you
can begin to realize that that industry is entitled to the consideration of
every citizen in the state, whether he is high or whether he is low, whether
he lives on a farm or not. I have said in the past few years that I believe
that in ten or fifteen years from today, unless this great work which has
been referred to this morning continues to grow, the question is going
to be how are you going to keep the boys and girls out there digging
in this soil and planting the crops so that you and I and our children and
our children's children may enjoy the foodstuffs with which to sustain
life. So I say agriculture is the basic industry of the union and I say it
is entitled to consideration in all its needs that come up. And I don't
blame the farmer, I don't blame that man who is interested in agriculture
for complaining about conditions when those conditions force him to a
situation of operating his farm at a loss, whereas on the other hand,
corporations such as the Standard Oil can declare from 400 to 1600 per
cent stock dividends in the year. He is entitled to feel sometimes that
perhaps everything is not just exactly as it ought to be. But through it
all it seems to me this thought ought to come to the farming elements of
Iowa, that it is by sound, sane thought that you are going to accomplish
the real results sought; not by getting together and saying this is wrong
and the other thing is wrong, but by getting down to brass tacks and
working the problem out in a sane and scientific manner.
I believe that in the future in Iowa the agricultural department has a
chance to grow, and grow until it is so great as to include things that
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 175
are now not included here. The agricultural department should take deep
and vital interest not only in those things which apply to the potato and
corn or the cow, but those things which are really of greater importance
perhaps, that is the real happiness of the people. I want to say that
the real happiness of our people depends upon good government. Good
government will do as much to bring happiness to the people as any other
single thing. Now in the past few years we have watched the steady
growth, not only in Iowa, but every state in the union, of the expenditures
of government. I am just going to speak in that connection for a moment
upon the budget, and in speaking of the budget you understand what I
mean by the budget. It is easy enough to say budget and budget and
budget, but unless there is something really at heart, some real good in
the thing you may as well do as I said a few moments ago, "Give
me liberty or give me death."
You and I have watched the steady increase in taxation during the
past few years in Iowa, not only in the state but in the nation as well.
I heard an old gentleman speak down at Muscatine in a meeting down
there a year ago. I addressed the Farm Bureau, and he said, "Do you
know, during the last few years it is just like this, we have just run our
automobile so fast that the blamed thing has got beyond our control."
We have gone on and on in taxation and increased expenditures. I don't
want to complain nor do I want to be understood as complaining or to
be misunderstood as condemning these wonderful things Iowa has had.
I appreciate you are here trying to get more of this than I can give you
because I have not that rhetorical flow necessary to bring these things
to you, but I don't believe any of you, I don't believe there is a boy or
girl, man or woman in Iowa that would surrender her wonderful school
system for anything. I don't believe you would surrender any of the
wonderful things you have, not for anything; her wonderful institutions
for the unfortunate which are models for other states throughout the
union— you would not surrender those things, nor would I. But some-
times I think this, I say why don't you as a people have in every city
and town in Iowa a great cathedral equal to St. Peter's with beautiful
pictures on the wall painted by Raphael, Rembrandt and Michaelangelo,
and beautiful statuary in every corner, have marble floors and marble
inlaid steps, and all those things. Why don't you have it? I will tell
you why you don't have it. Simply because you can't afford it, that is all.
The thought I have is this and it should be obvious, it seems to me, be-
cause it is a fundamental, that we should progress just as rapidly as we
can, keeping always in mind the thought that as a people we must live
within our income. And I want to tell you that you can talk about
budget and you can talk about reduction in taxation, but if your people
as a people, your state as a state, your county government as a county
and city government as a city, will live within its income during the
years, your taxes instead of going up will go down. There is not any
question about the matter at all, with due regard to all who may dis-
agree with what I say. Therefore it seems to me, in the enactment of a
budget which is coming up, the heart of the thing is to compel living
within income.
176 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
Let me give you an example. If I have a thousand dollars to spend
during the coming year for the purpose of providing for my wife and
children and myself clothing, food and necessary living, and I know that
is all I am going to get during the year, what am I going to do on the
first day of the year? I am going to so arrange my affairs that at the
end of eleven months there will be at least a crust of bread on the table
and clothing upon the backs of my children. In other words, I will
budget that thousand dollars out so it will cover the entire period of
time. Put on a sound, sane basis economy will do wonders in this thing
of government. Now a budget is a wonderful thing, and I want to say
to you that I believe the incoming legislature without question is going
to adopt that. If that is applied throughout the state government, to every
board and commission, to every state department and every state officer,
coupled with a complete and absolute law which will compel living within
income, I want to say to you it will do more to reduce taxes in Iowa than
anything that has been done in the last ten or fifteen years.
The next thing I want to cover is the question of taxation. I want to
call your attention to one thing in connection with the taxation question
and that is with relations to farms. I can't conceive that it is proper
and right to say that farm land shall be taxed at its market value upon
the market. In the ordinary course of trade that is the usual basis,
what it is bought and sold for on the market. No other class of property
is taxed upon the same basis except land and perhaps town lots, be-
cause what a thing sells for on the market in the ordinary course of trade
fails to take into consideration other elements, such as income and other
things which have to do with the proportion of public burden. Every-
body should bear his share of the public burden, whether rich or poor,
whether high or low, whether he is in affluence or whether he is not,
everyone should bear his share of the public burden, and I want to say
to you that in the incoming legislature if tax revision is indeed sought,
it should have one great thought at least in mind. That is that 51.5 per
cent of the property of this state is entitled in the fixing of its value for
taxation purposes to have taken into consideration not alone its market
value but these other elements of value which after all determine what
revenue if any that produces and returns to the man who is the property
owner.
Now in conclusion may I just branch for a moment to my own depart-
ment of the state government. I want to say to you who operate fairs,
and to you who come from business houses in this state and who come
from farms in this state, that the happiness of the people is not only
dependent upon a reasonably operated government in so far as expense of
that government is concerned, but perhaps more important than all is
that 'security which we call obedience to law and order. I want to say
to you that a nation or state without a people obedient to law and order
is not a state, it is nothing more than an anarchistic congregation of peo-
ples gathered together. I want to say to you that in the next five or ten
years there is coming a contest between those who would have the law
say to them you can do with this as you want, you can obey it or not as
you see fit, apply it to the other fellow, but let me have liberty and license.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 177
You know there is a difference between liberty and license. Liberty is
the conduct of your affairs and mine so as to give the best not only to our-
selves but to all who are around us ; for the good of the whole community.
License on the other hand starts when the personal feelings and the
personal desires of the person who is seeking advantage does as he
pleases. One leads to anarchy, the other leads to sound government. I
want to say in your communities if you want to carry on a great work
among the boys and girls, if you would have it so these boys' and girls'
clubs you were speaking about this morning, your agricultural societies
in your several counties in the state of Iowa, if you want to carry on the
greatest work perhaps you can do to the state here, just seek to build in
the hearts and in the souls of Iowa's people themselves a feeling that
law and order is the cornerstone in this great state of Iowa.
President Cameron: This will complete our program for this
morning and the convention will stand adjourned until 1 :30 p. m.
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 13, AFTERNOON SESSION,
1 :30 P. M.
President Cameron : Gentleman, you will please come to order.
The Stowe Mothers Quartet was introduced to the convention and
rendered a number of vocal selections.
President Cameron : I take pleasure in introducing to the con-
vention, Mr. H. O. Weaver, of Wapello, Iowa, who will give you a
historical sketch of the Agricultural Societies and the State Fair.
Mr. H. O. Weaver: The agricultural associations of this state, when
viewed in the light of the development of our great state, form a most
important organization. The agricultural society, with its exponent, the
Iowa State Fair, links with it the county and district associations of the
state, the influence of which reaches every township and hamlet within
our borders.
To my mind it has shown the greatest development from its inception
of any department since the organization of the state. It has proven to
be the greatest benefactor in the state's development, and it is interesting
to know the progress that it has made since Iowa was admitted to the
union.
The spirit of the agricultural societies had its origin among the pioneers
many years before Iowa became a state. The pioneers who came into the
state and settled the counties along the Mississippi river saw very early
the agricultural possibilities of what was then an unknown country
so far as agricultural pursuits were concerned. The nucleus of their
representative gathering in southeastern Iowa, represented by the counties
of Des Moines, Jefferson, Van Buren, Scott, Louisa and Washington early
began to contend with each other in their meager way for the betterment
and making of this commonwealth, and like the early religious camp
meetings, they were itinerant, and they held their annual meetings in
the various counties then organized. These early societies did not have
12
178 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
a permanent home. They held their meetings first in one county, then in
another, but the spirit of the association has been one of steady and
permanent growth. These early pioneers came westward in their linchpin
wagons, and they brought with them such equipment in the way of scrub
horses, "elmpeter" hogs, and what they called the old Durham cow,
which furnished most of the sustenance of the family during the long
and tiresome trip from Ohio or some eastern state. They drove to the
first meetings of this association in their prairie schooners, taking with
them such products as they could show their neighbors the result of
their year's work. The hawthorn and crabapple tree were the permanent
shelter for the animal exhibits. The specimens of such grains as they had
brought with them, a sample of the improved clapboard skillfully made
with the axe and froe, the handwork of the good wife and daughter in the
way of homespun garments, these were there exhibited under the shelter
of some friendly oak or elm. The first race-course was some open prairie
field previously occupied by the Indians in their native sports, and it was
here that the family pride of Kentucky first contended with the most
alert of the Indian ponies. I was told by my grandfather when a boy
that one of the most skillful contests was with the squirrel rifle held at
one of these gatherings where it required three days to award the victor
who received for his exhibition of skill a home-made bag for his gun
equipment and five pounds of long green tobacco.
It will thus be seen that the early pioneers contended with each other
to excel in the things that they possessed. From one gathering to an-
other as the settlement spread westward a great improvement was seen
in all avenues of agriculture and stock breeding. These gatherings soon
attracted the attention of some of our ablest men who attended them
annually and participated in the contests for supremacy. The early
records of these associations will show the names of such men as Judge
Mason, Judge Wright, Governor Grimes, Governor Kirkwood and John
Henry Gear, who foresaw the importance of such an organization in the
development of the resources of this state.
So great was the progress and effort of these men upon the improve-
ment of stock breeding and agriculture, that very soon after these local
organizations attracted the attention of the legislature, and during the
administration of Governor Hempstead the Third General Assembly, then
seated at Iowa City, the capital of the state, passed a bill in 1850 for
the encouragement of these societies and provided that whenever a
county or district society should be organized and had a paid-up sub-
scription of twenty-five dollars, they could upon proper showing, draw
from the state treasurer of Iowa a like sum of twenty-five dollars for
their wrork, but in no case should any society draw more than fifty dollars
per annum from the state treasurer. This money was to be expended to
foster and encourage the work of improvement of agriculture. It was
during the administration of Governor Grimes in 1857, when the laws
of the state were being revised, that this association may be said to be
founded, and one of the provisions of this law was that any county or
district association, upon proper showing and qualification, could draw
from the state treasurer the sum of two hundred dollars. This original
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 179
bill, as passed under the Grimes administration, provided for a representa-
tion in the state association, practically as we have it today. During every
legislature from that time until the present time something has been
done to amend the law pertaining to this association to meet the demands
of the present development of agriculture. Finally, this society, upon
the purchase of a tract of land, found a permanent home in Polk county
where it stands as a pre-eminent factor in agricultural development
among the states of the union.
The growth of this association has kept pace with the organization of
the various counties in the state and has furnished an incentive and
education for the gradual and final development of our agricultural pur-
suits. We who deal with the association today cannot help but admire
the thought and wisdom of the founders of this society and the laws that
govern it. Every county or district fair association may become a part
of the state association and receive from the state such aid as the rules
of the association provide. Ninety-five county and district fairs were
held in this state in 1922. The representatives of these associations have
a voice in the state fair association, thereby linking the community in-
terests of the state with that of the parent association. During the
past year these fair associations have received aid in the sum of $168,-
000.00; fifty-one fairs receiving the limit of $2,000.00; the average state
aid being $1,770.00 each.
The county and district fair associations, now aided by the zeal and
interest of the farm bureau and other like associations, form a part of
this development system that certainly is most creditable. It is through
these various county and di-strict organizations that the representatives
of every group of agriculture, horticulture and stock breeding become in-
terested. They are able to touch the farmers and breeders in the various
localities, the boys and girls who are now sharing the operation of their
management, and will sooner or later become a most potent force in
carrying on the future and further development of this, our great in-
dustry. The result of the contests in the various counties and districts
are evidenced at the state fair, and I cannot overlook the great importance
of the county and district work and believe that more encouragement
should be given these various societies.
To my mind the spirit of the Iowa farmer and his loyalty to the best
interests of the state and these societies has been best shown in the two
years that have passed, and it is needless for me here today to state the
condition in which he has been placed under the clouds of depression.
In olden times before a battle, the greatest burdens and discouragements
were heaped upon the soldiers of battle to test their steel of endurance
and loyalty. Such a test has been applied to the farmers and stock breed-
ers of this state. Their true metal has been shown, when under disap-
pointment and reaction, they gathered together their implements of toil
and went into the fields with renewed vigor and cultivated the soils of
Iowa that she might produce an increased crop to help feed the world's
population. After they had sold the first year, the result of their toil
which was found to be grown at a loss, they again took up the plow and
reaper and garnered their grain to find their accounts were still over-
180 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
drawn at the bank, but this in itself did not shake the faith that they
had in their state and in the government of the United States. And while
promises of relief and legislation came from various quarters and greatly
encouraged and in many instances did assist in partially relieving cer
tain conditions, yet they made up their minds that the farmers' economic
problem would finally be solved by work and energy with close application
to the saving of their hard-earned money, and hoping at the same time
that should the wisdom of congress open up a market with the East,
lower the freight rates and reduce any unnecessary taxation, they would
regard it as a great assistance and a grateful benediction.
Many of our farmers and breeders viewed the situation from another
angle and went about their work, though handicapped, and as they had
lived to see the tide of prosperity come and go, they resolved in their
minds that they might be ungrateful for past blessings and benefits if they
should come to believe that it was meant for them always to live in a high
period of prosperity. This class concluded that they could not expect
to use the reaper all of the time in season and out of season, but for the
permanent endurance of their business it would be just as well that a
check of inflated prices should come, in order to relieve some of their
fields of the thistles that had grown and been overlooked during the
period of high prices, and finally by experience bring the conditions into
a state of affairs, through various causes, where the farmers' products
will continuously bring a fair profit, and the profits which he has to pay
for necessities will vary in proportion to the profits which must fall to
him. It is very difficult to think of a law to be passed by congress or
the state legislature which will not in some degree affect the permanent
agriculture of this country. It is the wise statesman who will ever bear
this in mind when in dealing in any legislation affecting the welfare of
this country that the building of such laws must be aimed to protect its
greatest industry, agriculture, and not detract from a reasonable profit
to the producer. We will never have a satisfied condition until the farmer
is able to reap a reasonable profit for his labor.
I cannot refrain from calling attention to the extreme loyalty of the
Iowa farmers. The world's greatest poet and delineator of character
once said: "Blow, blow, thou wintry blast, thou are not so unkind as man's
ingratitude." Never, my friends, never were the words of that learned
poet brought more forcibly to mind than on last November election when
the farmers of Iowa, bowed down with taxes and disappointments, marched
to the polls of this state and paid a debt of gratitude which they owed
the boys who shared the discomforts of the World's War. This will stand
out in the future history of Iowa as one of the monuments of gratitude
of its people.
The farmers and breeders of Iowa went back to their plows and herds
under such conditions. They voted a bonus to our boys, believing in the
faith of their state and government. That same faith in the people and
the constitution of the United States will keep Iowa at the head of the
states of this union, bearing as its motto, agriculture.
I have always been pleased to represent this state in the association
of one of its principal breeding industries. It has always been my
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 181
great pride to know that this state stands first in breeding cattle; has
stood first rank in the matter of pure bred hogs of the country, and my
association with these societies has led me to believe, however, that if
Iowa is to hold her place as a leading state in the industries that I have
just mentioned and our state fair supreme in its exhibits that it shall be
the duty of every member of this association to appeal with a renewed
vigor for the protection and the saving of many of the herds of this state.
Iowa's place is well known for these products from the fact that the pure
bred industries of the state of Iowa have stimulated and educated our
farmers and breeders for better livestock. Within the past two years
many of our best herds of cattle and hogs have been sacrificed to meet
the demands that have been made upon their credit, and I cannot refrain
on this occasion from calling attention to the loyalty and far-seeing policy
that has been heretofore adopted by the banks o'f this state. The care-
ful banker of this state knows that a falling off of the products of Iowa
reduces his deposits. The growth of better livestock will increase his
deposits. The bankers have the thanks of the state for these policies, but
I urge upon the members of this association and all present who are in-
terested in the future good of the state that these policies shall continue
and that an extension of time be given upon these loans to your breeders
until they can receive a fair profit for the money which they have invested
in these pure bred herds. I know of no one thing that would be so
detrimental to this state as to be forced to send to the "block" the pure
bred hogs and cattle of this state which has required a quarter of a
century to produce. Every county and district fair director should see
to it in his own locality that this industry shall not be crippled and be
made to suffer because of a little time wanting for adjustment. The im-
provement of livestock in Iowa has only reached a fair stage in its
progress. Only ZV2 per cent of the cattle in Iowa are pure bred, and I
believe the pure bred hogs are in the same proportion, yet, upon this
small per cent of herds the farmers and stock raisers of Iowa must depend
for the increased production in pork and beef. The best herds in England
have remained in the same family for a period of two hundred years.
Therefore, in this state where production is so promising, why sacrifice
the greatest asset in our total resources.
I repeat that it has been a great pleasure for me to represent Iowa
in this breeding association. The matter of appropriations comes up
before these bodies and the first thing that you hear is, "Well, what does
Iowa want? How much is Weaver going to tax us this time?" I want
to say to you that the state of Iowa, and the state fair itself has re-
ceived from -the breeders of this country more money to pay out at the
Iowa State Fair than any other fair in the United States; and they give
us the place because they know that out here in Iowa are the greatest de-
velopment, the greatest showing and the greatest merit of all exhibits of
any place in the United States. Consequently, it was easy for us to get
these appropriations and put them in the state here which have helped
to make the great exhibits that you have seen in the past, and I want to
repeat again, gentlemen, I want to repeat again to you that the time
has arrived for each and every one of you to look carefully into your own
182 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
county and district to see that the stalls at our next state fair are filled
up with the sarnie kind of cattle that must compete with Ohio, Illinois,
Kansas and Nebraska, and you can do this, by simply going to your
banker and saying, "Here, if that man needs a little more time to pro-
tect his herd and protect it for the state of Iowa, give it to him. It is
only a matter of a few months or a year's adjustment." I thank you.
President Cameron : We have on our program this afternoon,
an address by Governor Kendall. I have just learned that the
Governor has been unexpectedly called away and will be unable
to be with us. Mr. L. R. Fairall, Advertising Director for the Iowa
State Fair, has consented to give us a short address on "Advertising
for Fairs", which I believe wilF be of interest to all of the Iowa
Fair Managers.
Mr. Fairall: I would like to talk to you with the feeling that you and
I are just sitting down here for a few moments' discussion of the question
of how much a fair should spend for its advertising and how that money
should be spent. I know that is a question which is worrying every fair
year in and year out. We have all heard men say that you can't spend too
much for advertising. That is absolutely untrue and we know it. We
have also heard men say that a fair needs no advertising, that a good
fair will advertise itself. You and I also know' that that is equally
untrue. We might as well say that a fair does not need any attendance
as to say it does not need any advertising. You spend twelve months in
the year in assembling things for your county or your district to come and
see. If you don't tell people what those things are, what is the value of
the twelve months that you have spent in gathering them together? In
the final analysis if you take the attendance figures, if you take a poll of
the successful fairs over a period of years, you will find that the success
or failure of your fair, or any other fair, can be made through adver-
tising. Good advertising will make your fair successful. Poor adver-
tising or lack of it, will be one of the greatest contributing features to
the failure of your fair. That is why more and more the fair managers
are devoting increased thought and money to the subject of advertising
and publicity.
Now just for a minute, chiefly for the ideas there might be suggested
in it, let us review the program of advertising and publicity that is
carried on each year by the Iowa State Fair. The state fair's advertising
and publicity program is divided into a great many departments to
cover the different kinds of people in the state of Iowa and appeal to
their individual interests. I will take them, not in the way in which
they are carried out, but just in the order in which they occur to me
as I have noted them down here.
One of the most important things in the program of the Iowa State
Fair is the bi-monthly publication issued by the state fair management
and department of agriculture called "Greater Iowa." This goes to ap-
proximately eighteen thousand people in all parts of the state, farmers,
breeders, fair men, county officials, and others, who are in a position
to promote and create and increase interest in the state fair. It con-
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 183
tains a great deal of information on subjects related to agriculture in
general, seeking to be helpful to the man who wants to make his farm
produce more. In the columns of this publication, at the same time,
we are pointing out to the people of the state the value of the state
fair, its notable features, how the breeder can make the fair serve his
interests, where the farmer can profit by attending the fair, and such
things as that. The people are receiving this publication throughout
the year and the fair is kept before them as one of the great institutions
of the state.
In May, as soon as the dates of the fair are decided upon, we send out
approximately three thousand large hangers or calendars to banks-, com-
mercial clubs, garages, implement dealers, and prominent people. They
are hung in offices and stores all over the state, so that people may know
the dates of the state fair and may fix those dates in their minds. This
also starts a little talk about the fair which is helpful in our later
publicity.
The next publicity features come along in May and June when we
start our first preliminary news publicity. This is broadcasted over the
entire state through newspapers and farm papers, to let people know
that we are again preparing for a big Iowa State Fair. It starts to
create discussion which later results in getting the crowds down there.
Along in May and June we also insert some advertising in the live stock
papers, breeders' papers and farm papers, telling the advantages of ex-
hibiting live stock at the Iowa State Fair, and letting them know the
premiums that are to be offered. A great number of breeders write in
as a result of these advertisements and they are proving to be one of
the most important factors in keeping a new and constantly increasing
list of exhibitors in the live stock departments. If we relied entirely on
the old exhibitors all the time, some of these men going out of business,
some leaving and some going to other states, our exhibitors would
dwindle. This advertising keeps a constantly new list of breeders and
exhibitors coming on to show at the state fair.
Then in July we concentrate on our news publicity. During May and
June each year we carry in the newspapers stories about all sorts of
features connected with the fair. Not only newspapers in Des Moines, but
all over the state. The first of August or last part of July we send out
something like three thousand columns of plate matter to over 450
newspapers scattered throughout the state of Iowa. This embraces
reading matter already set up, ready for these papers to print. It con-
sists largely of pictures — pictures of the fair grounds, pictures of attrac-
tions coming here, pictures of live stock to be shown at the fair, and
things of that kind. These papers are glad to get it and nine-tenths of
it is run free of charge. Along with this plate matter we send them
two to four ads which are paid for. These ads are intended to appeal
to various classes of people. In one advertisement we will talk to the
farmer and breeder who would come down to the fair to get some new
ideas on live stock. Another advertisement is calculated to appeal to the
person who wants a vacation and wants a good place to spend a week
of enjoyment. Another appeals to those interested in boys' and girls'
club work. One advertisement aims at one particular class at a time.
18.4 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
That is one of the secrets of good advertising. You can't talk to
everybody on all kinds of subjects in any one ad and get any results from
it.
About this same time we distribute through the railroads, to every
railway station in the state of Iowa, a series of hangers and cards bear-
ing the dates of the fair, some attractive pictures of horse racing or live
stock. Along with these quite frequently we send out heralds and hand
bills which are hung up in the railroad station where people can jerk
them off, put them in their pockets and read them on the train. Through
all this literature is an effort to show these people where they, directly,
will profit by and enjoy attending the state fair.
About the first of August we start our display advertising in the farm
papers. That advertising runs for three weeks, talking to the farmers
about the educational value and amusement value of the fair. About
the first week in August we also start advertising in the Des Moines
papers, following the same general outline as . above, although using
larger advertising than in the farm papers. We also put up 160 large
billboards August 1st, covering the territory from which people come
to the state fair. These are on main traveled roads, in towns, in cities.
In the city of Des Moines and near Des Moines we also put a number of
window cards in the store windows about two weeks before the fair
starts.
In the state fair's advertising we have found that we get the greatest
results with our money by spending it in the territory where we have
the best opportunity to get people to attend. In other words, clear up
on the Minnesota line it is three times as hard to induce some one to
come to the state fair as it is at Perry where they only have to come a
short distance. That is the plan we follow and the bulk of our adver-
tising money is expended within a radius of seventy-five or a hundred
miles of the state fair. There is where we get the most attendance for
our money, and that is what the fair advertising wants to do. That
same principle may well be adopted by any fair anywhere. Plan your
advertising so you will get the bulk of it in the territory where it is
easiest for the people to reach the fair.
Now to take up different appeals in the advertising. We put on a
survey here at the fair last year to try to find out why people came to
the fair. Strange as it may seem, nine-tenths of the people who answered
that inquiry around the fair grounds said that they came to see the
horse races and the fire works, and the hippodrome, or something of that
kind. Incidentally, of course, they would not have come to the fair if
it had not had all the live stock and agricultural exhibits and things of
that kind. But in the final outcome they made up their minds to come
because they wanted to see some of the entertainment features. Now, I
believe that in all of our advertising we should exploit the educational
advantages of the fair, give full play to the live stock and farm products,
but at all times remember that the amusement features probably will
give us the greatest results in the actual cash receipts at the gate.
Another idea which we carried out this year and have promoted for
several years is that of arranging for special editions of the local news-
papers just before the fair opens. A newspaper is very prone to go into
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 185
anything that produces a greater volume of advertising for it. If you can
get your local newspaper to undertake to put out a special edition and
solicit advertisements, they will do the work and you will get the columns
for news material in connection with that fair edition. We also run
our complete daily program in the papers. We do this in exchange for
tickets.
Another "stunt" that works out nicely is to get a group of enthusiastic
people to appear before your various clubs, men's clubs arid women's
clubs, to boost the fair and urge people to turn out and see the fair. The
Chamber of Commerce undertook that last year with splendid results.
I believe there was more boosting on the part of the people of this
city last year and more real effort to entertain the fair visitors than
there had been for a long time.
The average state fair expends approximately 10 to 12 per cent of its
gross income for advertising. That is taken from statistics from fairs
all over the United States. The Iowa State Fair expends approximately
7 per cent of its gross for advertising, so you see we keep pretty well
within the limit. The average county fairs, as reviewed from figures
which you will find in Secretary Corey's report here, spent for advertising
in Iowa this year from 16 per cent of the gate to one per cent. You
can see there is quite a wide range in this field. There might be a great
deal of good done by a committee of this organization getting together
and determining what percentage is wise for a county fair to spend for
advertising purposes.
Now just a few further suggestions which you may find of value when
the time comes to put on your fair next year. The first suggestion I
have and the most serious suggestion is that, before you do a single
thing, you sit down and plan a definite budget for your advertising. It
is very easy to have a salesman come in and sell you one sort of ad-
vertising and another come in and sell you another, and before you know
it you are spending more than you should on advertising. It is equally
easy to keep these expenses down to almost nothing, and the first thing
you know you have not spent enough for advertising. Both are equally
disastrous. The best plan is to take every kind of advertising you can
find, weigh them all in considering your budget, and then select those
media which will give you the most attendance for your money.
Now what are these media? I would first recommend newspapers. They
should be the backbone of the advertising campaign of any fair. I would
not rank the display advertising as highly as I would the publicity. A
good thing is to get your editor or editors personally interested in the
fair. Sometimes you may put your editors on the fair board and make
them real boosters. In your newspaper publicity don't limit yourself
to your own local papers. Send stories by mail to the papers all around
your territory. They will use them if they are written in good style. An-
other suggestion is, don't tell everything in one story. A string of good
stories has more value than one big one. You can get stories about your
amusement program, the horse races, the anticipated attendance, dope
stories about what your fair is going to do, stories on the various at-
tractions, a mayor's proclamation urging attendance and support of the
186 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
fair, and you can get some good stories on the early historical develop-
ment of your fair.
The second chief features to be considered are billboards, hangers, win-
dow cards and like media. I believe that on a fair advertising program
there should be a certain number of billboards and a certain number of
window cards and posters, because they fix the name and dates of the
fair in people's minds and keep urging them so no one can forget.
The third good stunt many fairs use is to get out a herald or hand
bill. This may be one page or it may be two or four pages. They
distribute them in stores and hang them around the postoffices and in
automobiles parked on the streets. They follow the plan the circus fol-
lows when it comes to town. The circus people do about as shrewd ad-
vertising as you will find any place, and they use heralds and handbills
in profusion.
There are some fairs who still make the mistake of buying specialties,
trick advertising stunts, whistles and pencils and things of that kind.
You must interest people in your fair, you must sell the fair to them if
you are going to get them to attend. I never saw a whistle or pencil yet
that could convince anyone that they ought to attend a fair.
Another plan which some fairs have employed successfully, is to go
to one of their local newspaper men and pay him a hundred dollars and
make him responsible for all of the advertising and publicity connected
with the entire fair. You gentlemen are very busy men just before the
fair, yet that is the time when you should have the most publicity. You
haven't the time to devote to promoting the many publicity features which
make your fair successful. Fifty or a hundred dollars paid to some
local man who is capable will give you many, many times that much in
actual cash returns. Make him responsible, make him feel he has to get
out the attendance, and if you put it to him in that way he will get the
publicity for you.
Another thing that many fairs should do is to make good use of the
material which is furnished them by the various attractions. A number
of the better attractions now-a-days furnish stories, ads, pictures, bill-
board paper and material of that kind free of charge. That is a won-
derful help to you if you will make use of it. It is just that much free
material which you would have to pay for otherwise.
Before I close may I suggest that the advertising department of the
state fair here is on the job the year 'round and we are ready at any
and all times to be of help to the county and district fairs of the state.
If a question concerning any of your advertising and publicity ever comes
up we would appreciate it if you would drop us a line and let us assist
you.
The most important thing about your advertising, about your publicity
I think is the enthusiasm that you get into it. If you can arouse your
community, arouse your newspaper men and get your board, your farmers
and breeders enthusiastic over the fair, your fair will be a success. That,
after all, is the object of all advertising.
Mr. Moore: May I ask a question? I would like to ask Mr.
Fairall what percentage of the gate receipts the State Fair spends
for advertising?
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 187
Mr. Fairall : Eleven per cent this year. The general figures on
stare fair advertising appropriations are made up on the basis of
gross receipts.
President Cameron : No doubt you have all heard of the wonder-
ful achievements of Iowa at the International Live Stock show at
Chicago last week. We have asked Dean C. F. Curtiss to give us
a short review of Iowa's achievements at the International Live Stock
Show and Exposition.
Mr. Curtiss: In the International Students' Judging Contest with
twenty teams competing, Iowa won first with a wide margin of seventy-
seven points over the nearest competitor. Our boys made a wonderful
record both as individuals and as a team. Not only did our team rank
first, but J. C. Holbert was high man in the contest; H. B. Boyle was
fifth; and J. H. Hilton tied for eighth. You will note that the men ranked
high on the individual classes of live stock. It is also interesting to note
that three of the top four, or four of the top seven, teams were coached
by Iowa State College men.
Winnings On Fat Barrows
In the strongest fat barrow show ever held, Iowa State College made
the greatest winning on fat barrows on all breeds ever made by any
institution. We exhibited a few of each of six breeds of hogs and in
the case of each breed won some blue ribbons while purple ribbons de-
noting championships were won in five out of the six. A total of 67
ribbons was won, totaling cash prizes of over $2,000.00. A few of the
chief awards follow:
Grand champion pen of barrows of the show, all breeds competing,
won on Poland Chinas bred, fed and exhibited by Iowa State College.
Reserve grand champion barrow of the show on a Poland China
barrow.
Grand champion barrow in the carcass contest on a Berkshire.
Champion pen of three Poland China barrows.
Champion pen of five Poland China barrows, get of one sire.
Champion Poland China barrow.
Champion pen of Chester White barrows.
Champion Hampshire barrow.
Champion pen of Hampshire barrows.
Reserve champion pen of Duroc Jersey barrows.
Reserve champion Duroc Jersey barrow.
Winnings On Iowa State College Sheep
In the Oxford breeding classes, we exhibited the first and second prize
yearling rams; first and second prize yearling ewes; champion ewe and
champion ewe of the show in addition to some third, fourth and fifth
prizes. In Southdowns we had champion American-bred ewe. In Ram-
bouillets, Hampshires and Shropshires, some second, third and fourth
prizes were won.
In the fat wether show we had the champion Oxford wether, the first
prize pen of three grade wethers and the champion five head of wethers
of the show, all colleges competing.
188 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
While we were showing our Clydesdales, Mr. George Cluett, of Wil-
liamstown, Massachusetts, presented to Iowa State College, the great
mare, Fairholme Ruth. This mare was grand champion at the 1918 In-
ternational.
Winnings On Ioiva State College Horses
We exhibited only a few horses at the International and all that we
exhibited were yearlings and foals bred and developed by Iowa State
College. All of the yearlings won prizes in very stiff competition.
Winnings On Iowa State College Steers
Our college steers did not make as good a showing as they have many
years in the past. However, the competition was exceedingly keen and
we are striving to have a much better lineup for next year's exposition.
We won first in the senior yearling grade Hereford class on Aledo. Had
the champion grade steer sired by a pure-bred Hereford sire. Black
Don, pure-bred senior yearling Angus steer, won first prize in the
show for carcass steers on foot and second on the block. Black Knight
was second of the junior yearling steers on foot, while Pan won fourth
on the block. ' Dauntless, our pure-bred senior yearling Hereford steer,
won fourth in the strongest class of Hereford steers ever shown at the
International. Our grade Hereford herd of three steers won first prize.
Miclivest Intercollegiate Poultry Judging Contest
In the Students' Poultry Judging Contest held at the Chicago Coliseum
Poultry Show, the Iowa State College team won first, with a margin of
135 points. The judging contest is divided into two parts, judging for
exhibition and judging for egg production. C. A. Shellabarger, of Ames,
tied for first place in exhibition judging and L. C. Deal, of Ames, was
high man in production judging. Iowa State won the rotating large silver
cup that is awarded to the sweepstakes team, permanent possession to be
given to the institution winning it three times; first exhibition team, sil-
ver cup, permanent property; first production team, silver cup, permanent
property, and a permanent cup for the sweepstakes team. This poultry
judging team was composed of students classified in the collegiate courses,
thus, was an entirely different team from the one that carried off sweep-
stake honors in the Noncollegiate Poultry Judging Contest held at the
American Royal two weeks earlier.
Four of the men, composing our International Students' Judging Team,
were also members of the judging team winning first honors at the Na-
tional Swine Show contest held early in October, thus, Iowa State
College has had a very successful season in the judging contest work,
our team at the National Dairy Show having ranked third in com-
petition with nineteen other teams.
Boys? and Girls' Cluo Work
In the boys' and girls' club work, Iowa made an outstanding record.
The girls' canning demonstration team won first, which carries a trip
to France for the team and its instructor, where canning demonstra-
tions will be given by the team during the coming summer.
In the baby beef club work, Iowa won first and grand champion on
a steer that was exhibited in the baby beef show at the Iowa State
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 189
Fair. In the junior judging contest, with nineteen states competing,
the Iowa boys won second.
President Cameron : We will now have the report of the Com-
mittee on Credentials :
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS
We, your committee on credentials, report the following list of dele-
gates entitled to vote at the State Agricultural Convention, December 13,
1922:
COUNTY AND DISTRICT FAIRS
Adair F. A. Gatch, Greenfield
Adams S. C. Scott, Corning
Allamakee C. G. Helming, Waukon
Audubon R. D. Hawks, Audubon
Benton D. L. Bryan, Vinton
Black Hawk E. S. Estel, Waterloo
Boone Harve Helphrey, Ogden
Bremer Joe P.. Grawe, Waverly
Buchanan C. H. Gould, Aurora
Buchanan — Independence H. C. Kieth, Independence
Buchanan — Jesup J. P. Hess, Jesup
Buena Vista Roy H. Wilkinson, Alta
Butler J. C. Carter, Allison
Calhoun J. C. Hoag, Manson
Calhoun — Rockwell City Andrew Stewart, Rockwell City
Carroll — Carroll Chas. H. Parsons, Carroll
Carroll — Coon Rapids Goodwin Garst, Coon Rapids
Cass Roy L. Fancolly, Atlantic
Cedar C. F. Simmermaker, Tipton
Cerro Gordo Chas. H. Barber, Mason City
Chickasaw N. H. Bloom, Nashua
Clay : . . L. W. Emery, Spencer
Clayton— Elkader Raymond G. Tieden, Elkader
Clayton — National A. J. Kregel, Garnavillo
Clayton — Strawberry Point M. G. Arnold, Strawberry Point
Clinton G. H. Christensen, DeWitt
Crawford C. P. Harvey, Arion
Crawford — Schleswig H. A. Boysen, Schleswig
Dallas H. C. Modlin, Perry
Davis T. H. Welch, Belknap
Decatur A. M. Akes, Leon
Delaware E. W. Williams, Manchester
Des Moines Wm. B. Hunt, Burlington
Dubuque C. F. Ferring, Dyersville
Fayette H. M. Stafford, West Union
Fremont J. S. Athen, Hamburg
Greene E. C. Freeman, Jefferson
Grundy R. R. Clark, Grundy Center
Guthrie H. A. Covault, Guthrie Center
190 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
Hamilton H. M. Evans, Webster City
Hancock L. T. Nutty, Britt
Hardin — Ackley Geo. Humphrey, Ackley
Hardin — Eldora W. H. Rowan, Union
Harrison J. J. Owen, Missouri Valley
Henry — Mt. Pleasant Frank Price, Mt. Pleasant
Henry — Winfield Russell Canby, Winfield
Humboldt R. J. Johnston, Humboldt
Ida Frank R. Kerrigan, Ida Grove
Jackson E. A. Phillips, Maquoketa
Jasper E. J. Failor, Newton
Jefferson Chas. H. Ross, Fairfield
Jones L. W. Burns, Anamosa
Jones — Monticello Thos. J. George, Monticello
Keokuk A. L. Humes, What Cheer
Kossuth S. D. Quarton, Algona
Lee — Donnellson H. B. Hopp, Donnellson
Lee — West Point. John Walljasper, West Point
Linn — Central City E. E. Henderson, Central City
Linn — Marion E. E. Parsons, Marion
Louisa R. S. Johnston, Columbus Junction
Lucas H. E. Thorne, Derby
Lyon W. G. Smith, Rock Rapids
Mahaska J. C. McClure, Oskaloosa
Marion Seth Way, Knoxville
Marshall F. C. Davis, Marshalltown
Marshall C. E. Arney, Albion
Mills C. R. Brothers, Malvern
Mitchell J. A. Kildee, Osage
Monona Ed Rowlings, Onawa
Monroe F. P. Douglass, Albia
Muscatine V. H. Birkett, West Liberty
O'Brien W. S. Ayers, Sheldon
Page Guy Mitchell, Shenandoah
Page C. A. Wenstrand, Shenandoah
Plymouth G. E. Held, LeMars
Pocahontas Benita Linnan, Fonda
Pottawattamie Ed. F. Oxley, Avoca
Poweshiek — Brooklyn R. 0. Heathwole, Brooklyn
Poweshiek — Malcom James Norvak, Malcom
Sac W. F. Weary, Sac City
Scott M. E. Bacon, Davenport
Shelby W. E. Cooper, Harlan
Sioux H. J. Vande Waa, Orange City
Story E. H. Graves, Ames
Tama E. Mericle, Toledo
Taylor John Thompson, Bedford
Van Buren W. B. Tade, Hillsboro
Wapello L. W. Hall, Eldon
Warren C. G. Maxwell, Indianola
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 191
Wayne F. B. Selby, Corydon
Webster H. S. Stanberry, Ft. Dodge
Winnebago T. E. Isaacson, Forest City
Winneshiek M. M. Curtin, Decorah
Woodbury F. L. Eaton, Sioux City
Worth N. T. Christianson, North wood
FARMERS' INSTITUTES
Adair R. J. Reed, Greenfield
Bremer J. D. Hadley, WTaverly
Buena Vista W. C. Skiff, Storm Lake
Buena Vista Geo. Schaller, Storm Lake
Davis C. W. Clarke, Bloomfield
Franklin Florence Osborn, Geneva
Johnson Ray E. Smalley, Iowa City
Polk • S.J. Stoddom, Granger
Polk , . Jas. H. Deemer, Des Moines
COUNTIES IN WHICH NO FAIRS ARE HELD
Franklin C. H. Scantlebury, Hampton
Johnson L. R. Morford, Iowa City
Madison T. J. Hudson, Winterset
Polk M. L. Markham, Des Moines
Ringgold Harry A. Laird, Mt. Ayr
STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
Ex-Officio Members
State Veterinarian .Dr. Peter Malcolm
State Food and Dairy Commissioner R. G. Clark
OFFICERS
President C. E. Cameron, Alta
Vice President J. P. Mullen, Fonda
Secretary A. R. Corey, Des Moines
Treasurer F. E. Sheldon, Mt. Ayr.
DISTRICT MEMBERS
First District H. 0. Weaver, Wapello
Second District E. T, Davis, Iowa City
Third District Earl Ferris, Hampton
Fourth District E. J. Curtin, Decorah
Fifth District C. A. Tow, Norway
Sixth District T. C. Legoe, What Cheer
Seventh District C. F. Curtiss, Ames
Eighth District J. C. Beckner, Clarinda
Ninth District Carl E. Hoffman, Atlantic
Tenth District Sears McHenry, Denison
Eleventh District H. L. Pike, Whiting
H. L. PIKE,
H. M. STAFFORD,
R. S. JOHNSTON,
Committee on Credentials.
192 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
President Cameron : You have heard the report of the Com-
mittee on Credentials. A motion to accept the report will be in order.
D. V. Moore, Woodbury County : I move that the report of the
Committee on Credentials be accepted, and the committee continued
so that if any other delegates report they may be added to the list.
Motion was seconded and carried.
President Cameron : We will now have the report of the Com-
mittee on Resolutions.
R. R. Clark, Chairman, Grundy County: Gentlemen: I desire to pre-
sent the following resolutions which have been drafted by the Resolutions
Committee:
"We desire to congratulate the Management and Officers of the Iowa
State Fair on the eminently efficient and successful management of the
fair and all work pertaining to the State Department of Agriculture in
the crucial period that has been passed during the current year, and we
pledge our hearty support and co-operation in the conducting of future
fairs and other work of the State Department of Agriculture that is
rendering such valuable service to the agricultural and industrial in-
terests of Iowa."
"We desire to extend our hearty congratulations to the Girls' Club
contestants from Iowa at the International Live Stock Exposition on
winning the highest honors in that competition including a trip to
France where further demonstrations will be given; To the Junior club
boys of Iowa on winning the Grand Championship in the baby beef con-
test at the International, and second in the Junior live stock judging
contest. To the College students of the Iowa State College on winning
the highest honors in the collegiate live stock judging contest at the
International, with twenty states competing, and the highest honors in-
cluding every first prize and every trophy offered in the International
Poultry Judging contest.
"We desire to express our sorrow and sympathy, and our high appre-
ciation of the great public service of two of the State's most eminent
citizens, who passed away during the year and who served the State
most honorably and efficiently in many capacities; and we wish to refer
especially to the service of Hon. W. W. Morrow and Captain Albert M.
Head, each of whom served the State Department of Agriculture as Presi-
dent and Treasurer successively."
R. R. CLARK,
C. A. WENSTRAND,
C. F. CURTISS,
Committee on Resolutions.
R. R. Clark, Grundy County: I move that the resolutions be
adopted.
Motion was seconded and carried.
President Cameron : There being no special committee to report
at this time, the next order of business will be the election of the
Officers and Directors of the State Board of Agriculture.
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 193
Mr. Mullen, vice president, taking the chair stated that the first
order of business under' this heading would be the election of a
president of the State Board of Agriculture for the ensuing year.
F. L. Eaton, Woodbury County: The duties of the State Board
of Agriculture are many and onerous, and they have been carried
on most successfully by the present Officers and Directors. Perhaps
the most exacting part of the work is the management of the Iowa
State Fair. This fair is one of the best in the country and in most
departments, leads all other State Fairs. It has been my good fortune
for several years to attend the Annual Meeting of the International
Association of Fairs, where I have seen the standing which the officers
of the Iowa State Fair have at this meeting, and it makes me proud
that I am from Iowa, and proud that I am a constituent of the
president of the Iowa State Fair for his advice is sought at this
national meeting. When we have a man who has done good work,
I believe in keeping him at the job, and therefore I take great pleasure
in nominating for President of the State Board of Agriculture, the
present incumbent, Mr. C. E. Cameron, of Buena Vista County.
Motion was duly seconded.
Vice President Mullen : Are there any other nominations ?
Mr. Barber of Cerro Gordo county moved that the rules be sus-
pended and the secretary be instructed to cast the entire vote of the
convention for Mr. C. E. Cameron as President of the State Board
of Agriculture for the ensuing year.
Motion was seconded.
The motion was put and carried unanimously. The Secretary
announced that he has cast the entire vote for Mr. Cameron to suc-
ceed himself, and Mr. Mullen declared him duly elected President
of the State Board of Agriculture for the ensuing year.
President Cameron : Gentlemen, I want you to realize that I
appreciate your continued confidence, and I want to say that I will
do everything possible to make the great Iowa State Fair bigger and
better.
President Cameron : The next order of business will be the elec-
tion of a Vice President for the ensuing year.
H. S. Stanberry, Webster County : Without any great flow of
oratory, which I do not possess, and realizing that it requires team
work to carry on the great Iowa State Fair, and knowing a good
friend of mine from my district in the northwestern part of the state
who is doing some good work on this board, I take pleasure in nomi-
13
194 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
nating Mr. John P. Mullen, Pocahontas County, for the office of
Vice President.
The motion was duly seconded by Mr. Quarton of Kossuth
County. There being no other nominations Mr. Stanberry moved
that the rules be suspended and the Secretary be instructed to cast
the unanimous ballot of the convention for Mr. Mullen for the office
of Vice President of the State Board of Agriculture.
Motion was duly seconded and carried and the Secretary cast the
vote of the convention for Mr. Mullen and the President declared
Mr. Mullen duly elected Vice President of the State Board of Agri-
culture for the ensuing year.
Vice President Mullen : Gentlemen, from the bottom of my heart
I appreciate the continued confidence in my labors. The only way I
can repay you is to do the work in the future in such a way as it
will meet with your approval. I intend to do my best and co-operate
with my colleagues in making the state fair, if possible, greater than
ever before. Again I thank you.
President Cameron : The next office to be filled is that of a Di-
rector from the Second District.
E. A. Phillips, Jackson County: It seems to be the sense of this
meeting that we have a very good Board of Directors and I would
like to place in nomination the name of E. T. Davis of Johnson
County to succeed himself on the Board as a Director from the
Second District.
Mr. V. H. Byrkit seconded the motion. There being no further
nominations, Mr. Phillips moved that the rules be suspended and the
Secretary be instructed to cast the entire vote for Mr. E. T. Davis.
The motion was seconded and carried and the Secretary cast the
vote of the convention for Mr. Davis and the President declared Mr.
Davis duly elected to succeed himself as Director of the State Board
of Agriculture from the Second District.
President Cameron : Nominations will now be in order for the
office of Director from the Fourth District.
M. E. Bacon, Scott County: The gentleman serving as Director
from the Fourth District is, I think, known by every fair secretary
and horseman in the state of Iowa; and has acquaintances among
fair managers and horsemen extending to a great many other states.
He has served efficiently as Superintendent of one of the most i;n-
portant departments of the Iowa State Fair, and I take pleasure in
nominating Mr. E. J. Curtin of Decorah for the office of Director
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 195
of the Iowa State Board of Agriculture to represent the Fourth Dis-
trict.
Chas. H. Barber, Cerro Gordo County : I wish to second the
nomination of Mr. Curtin.
There being no further nominations Mr. Bacon moved that the
rules be suspended and the Secretary be instructed to cast the unani-
mous vote of the convention for Mr. E. J. Curtin to succeed himself
as Director from the Fourth District. The motion was duly seconded
and carried. The Secretary cast the vote of the convention and
President Cameron declared Mr. Curtin duly elected to succeed him-
self as Director of the State Board of Agriculture from the Fourth
District. :| j
President Cameron : The next office to be filled is that of a
Director from the Sixth District.
E. J. Fallor from the Sixth District : I wish to place in nomina-
tion Mr. E. H. Maytag of Newton, Iowa. This gives me pleasure
because I know Mr. Maytag well and because he is well equipped to
fill this position with honor to himself and the Board of Directors.
Mr. Maytag at the present time is Secretary-Treasurer of the Maytag
Company at Newton, Iowa, one of the largest manufacturing con-
cerns in the state of Iowa. He also owns and manages a farm where
he is breeding Holstein cattle which are accredited, and also Poland
China hogs. I believe if you will give him your support that he will
fill the position with credit.
Chas. H. Barber, Cerro Gordo County: I would like to second
the nomination of Mr. Maytag.
J. C. McClune, Mahaska County : I am gratified to have the
privilege of nominating one of my fellow citizens for the office of
Director of the Agricultural Board of Iowa. We all are willing
to admit that Iowa is a great state, we acknowledge that. If you
are not convinced of that go visit some of the other states and stay
four or five weeks and come back and you will discover you have
one of the greatest states in the union, and if you are not satisfied
that you have the greatest state fair in the union visit some of the
state fairs of some of the other states as I have been doing in the
years gone by, and you will become convinced we have a great
state fair in Iowa, and one of the greatest in the United States. Now
there is a reason for these things, there is a reason for the great state
fair, and it has been in the management of that fair. I am personally
acquainted with the retiring member from the Sixth District. I
have known him for more than twenty-five years. We were proud
196 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
of him when he was on the State Fair Board. He is not a candidate
to succeed himself I am informed, but the people of my district de-
sire me on this occasion to nominate a man who will fill his shoes
on the State Board of Agriculture. I am convinced that on the State
Board of Agriculture, as in other business, that there are three main
elements in every man. I might incorporate them all in brains, but
I will say he must be intelligent, he must be honest and he must be
courageous. The man whom I desire to nominate today ljas all
of these attributes. I have known him from boyhood up. I knew
him when traveling between the handles of a plow. I knew him when
he was a successful farmer for himself. I knew him when he was
one of the best salesmen of that country. I knew him when he
organized a little country bank and made a success of that and I knew
him when he organized a larger bank in the city of Oskaloosa, and
made a success of that. I know him now as Vice President of the
largest banking institution in Mahaska County. I know him as
Treasurer of the great Southern Iowa Fair of which most of you
have heard. I know he is a dependable and honest man, a con-
scientious man, and on this State Board of Agriculture will be one
of the strongest, most virile fighting forces you could put on. I take
great pleasure today in nominating for this particular office, important
as I think it is, my fellow townsman, Mr. C. Ed Beman of Mahaska
County.
Mr. Legoe, Keokuk County: Mr. President and Gentlemen of
the Convention : I have not taken the opportunity of asking you
to let me make speeches here and this probably will be the last one
I will ever undertake, but I realize that there are four great natural
conditions that have got to exist in order to have a good fair. The
first of them is a productive country. We have that. The second
is the cooperation of the people. We have that. The third is the
weather. We don't always have that, but sometimes we do. And the
fourth is the Board of Managers and we generally have that, barring
myself, perhaps. I have been a director in this fair when there was
not a permanent building on the fair grounds, from that time on to
the great exposition grounds that you have. I have seen the campers
come to the fair in covered wagons by the hundreds, and by the
thousands. I have seen automobiles exhibited there as curiosities, and
I have seen them come in countless thousands since that time. Now
then I want to say this in reference to proper managers, that I have
known Mr. Beman here ever since he was a small boy. He is a gen-
tleman of great energy. He is honest, he is upright, he has made a
PROCEEDINGS STATE AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION 197
great and useful citizen in the state of Iowa, and during war time he
was one of the best men in the state to finance the government in
that hour of our misfortunes and perils. He is one of the organ-
izers and builders up of the great Southern Iowa Exposition at
Oskaloosa, and he is a man of untiring energy, and if he is elected
on this board I will guarantee for him he will give you his best
energy in anything he undertakes, and he will perform it if it is
within human ability to do so. And I take great pleasure in second-
ing his nomination and would ask my friends to support Mr. Beman
because I know what he is, ard I know what he will do if you place
him on this board. I thank you.
President Cameron: If there are no further nominations I will
appoint Mr. E. W. Williams, Delaware County; Mr. Chas. H. Bar-
ber of Cerro Gordo County; Mr. F. A. Gatch of Adair County, and
Mr. E. A. Phillips of Jackson County as tellers.
Gentlemen, you will prepare your ballots and as the name of the
delegate is called by the Secretary, you will deposit your ballot with
one of the tellers.
The tellers reported the result of the ballot as follows : C. Ed
Beman, 79 votes ; and E. H. Maytag, 40 votes.
President Cameron : Mr. C. Ed Beman having received a majority
of all votes cast, I declare him duly elected as a Director of the State
Board of Agriculture for the ensuing two years.
President Cameron : The next order of business will be the elec-
tion of a Director from the Eighth District.
F. E. Sheldon, Ringgold County: I wish to place in nomination
the name of Mr. J. C. Beckner of Page County to succeed himself
as a member of the State Board of Agriculture from the Eighth Dis-
trict.
B. W. Williams, Delaware County: I wish to second the nomina-
tion of Mr. J. C. Beckner.
There being no further nominations, Mr. Sheldon moved that the
rules be suspended and that the Secretary be instructed to cast the
entire vote of the convention for Mr. Beckner of Page County to
succeed himself. The motion was seconded by Mr. Williams and
carried. The Secretary announced that he had cast the entire vote of
the convention for Mr. Beckner and the President declared Mr. Beck-
ner duly elected to succeed himself as a Director on the State Board
of Agriculture from the Eighth District.
President Cameron: The next is the election of a Director from
the Tenth District.
198 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART III.
R. J. Johnston, Humboldt County : I want to say just a word for
the State Board of Agriculture. In the last fifty years there has not
been over three or four years that I have not attended the Iowa State
Fair, and I have known all of the Officers and Directors during this
period. They have constituted the State Board of Agriculture. I
want to say to you that it is the pride of my life that there never
has been elected on this Board a man that has had one stain on his
character or reputation. I was rather sorry to see my friend T. C.
Legoe not elected again, but I want to offer a little advice to Mr.
Legoe. It has been about twenty-six years since I served on this
Board. I was the first President when it was made the State De-
partment of Agriculture, and what I want to say is that I take my
good wife every year and go to the state fair and I want Mr. Legoe
to do the same. We have a man in the Tenth District who is a mem-
ber of this Board and who comes up to all of these specifications,
and I now take great pleasure in nominating Mr. Sears McHenry of
Crawford County.
C. P. Harvey, Crawford County : I rise to second the nomination
of Mr. McHenry of Crawford County.
There being no further nominations, Mr. Johnston moved that
the rules be suspended and the Secretary be instructed to cast the
entire vote of this convention for Mr. McHenry to succeed himself as
a member of the State Board of Agriculture from the Tenth District.
Motion was seconded by Mr. Harvey and the Secretary announced
that he had so cast the vote of the convention for Mr. McHenry and
the President declared Mr. McHenry duly elected to succeed himself
as a member of the State Board of Agriculture from the Tenth Dis-
trict for a term of two years.
Mr. McHenry, Crawford County : I am grateful to my friend
from Crawford County, as I am to all of my friends here in the
convention. I can assure you that it has been a great pleasure for
me to serve with the splendid men who have constituted the State
Board of Agriculture for the last few years. It is a pleasure and
honor to work with them. I have given my best endeavor and I as-
sure you that it will be my pleasure to continue to do the best I
can. I thank you.
President Cameron : This completes the election of officers and
directors of the State Board of Agriculture, and so far as I am ad-
vised, the business of the convention.
Chas. H. Barber, Cerro Gordo County, moved that the convention
adjourn. Motion was duly seconded and carried.
President Cameron: The convention will stand adjourned.
PART IV
Awards of the 1922 Iowa State Fair and Exposition
HORSE DEPARTMENT
Superintendent C. F. Curtiss, Ames, Iowa.
PERCHERONS
Exhibitors — Albert C. Adix, Ogden ; L. C. Altemeier, Newton ; M. C. Ames,
Bros. & Sons, Mason City; M. C. Bitterman & Sons, Nora Springs; Fred L.
Bitterman, Nora Springs; Cavitt and Lang, Mt. Sterling; A. F. Champlin,
Ames; W. J. Dawson & Sons, Washta; Ward Dyer, Pleasantville; J. G. Ham-
mer, Ames; E. P. Hamilton & Sons, Garden Grove; R. W. Hoit & Son,
Beacon, R. R. No. 1; E. L. Humbert & Son, Corning; Holmes Bros., Milton;
Iowa State College, Ames; W. L. Joy, Grand Junction; Frank Keenan &
Son, Shenandoah; J. M. Kuhn, Ames; Lee Bros., Mitchellville; J. B. Mc-
Millan, Rock Rapids; A. Rock Meints, Dixon; M. J. Nelson, Cambridge;
J. C. Redman, Altoona; Rookwood Farm, Ames; W. W. Seeley, Stuart;
Tom Skola, Slater; A. J. Stonebarger, Lone Tree; J. O. Singmaster & Son,
Keota; Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111.; K. A. Wilson, Norfolk.
Judge Wm. Crownover, Hudson, Iowa.
Stallion Five Years Old and Over ($50, $4'0, $30, $20, $10) — First, Ames
Bros. & Sons on Irida 131693; second, J. O. Singmaster & Son on Maple
Grove Thomas 132542; third, Ernest L. Humbert & Son on Triumph 149699;
fourth, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm on Reboutex 132832; fifth, J. O. Sing-
master & Son on Maple Grove Trojan 138951.
Stallion Four Years Old and Under Five ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First,
J. O. Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Coco 153092; second, A. L. Champlin
on Ames Kronpring 154049; third, Ernest L. Humbert & Son on Guy Olbert
151509; fourth, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm on Moniteur 154008; fifth,
Ernest L. Humbert & Son on Seigle 151820.
Stallion Three Years Old and Under Four ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First,
J. O. Singmaster & Son on Fairholme Lagota Jalap 157209; second, J. O.
Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Knapp 158618; third, Truman's Pioneer
Stud Farm on Jascenter 159393; fourth, Ernest L. Humbert & Son on
Olbertan 159385; fifth, Frank Keenan & Son on Sans Pariel Jalon 156076.
Stallion Two Years Old and Under Three ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First,
J. G. Hanmer on Ames Jalap 172243; second, J. O. Singmaster & Son on
Maple Grove Harry 165752; third, Frank Keenan & Son on Jalo 165100;
fourth, J. O. Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Abe 165757; fifth, L. C.
Altemier on Maltais Wayne 166954.
NATIONAL PERCHERON BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Stallions ($70, $60, $50, $45, $40, $35, $30, $25, $20, $18, $15, $12) — First,
J. O. Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Wonder 170861; second, J. C. Red-
man on Harvester; third, R. W. Hoit & Son on Selim; fourth, Holmes Bros.,
on Tulip; fifth, J. C. Redman on Lollard; sixth, E. P. Hamilton & Sons on
Pompey's Bruno; seventh, Holmes Bros., on Tulin; eighth, A. J. Stonebarger
on Superior; ninth, Lee Bros, on Leaside Lagnon; tenth, W. W. Seeley on
Brilliant F.; eleventh, M. C. Bitterman & Sons on Ikey Boy; twelfth, M.
C. Bitterman & Sons on Isaie Aurore.
200 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Stallion Foal ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First, Holmes Bros., on Toulon
II; second, Lee Bros., on La Vernon; third, Ames Bros. & Sons on Irida's
Boy Wonder; fourth, M. C. Bitterman & Sons on Isaie Bud; fifth, L. C.
Altemeier on Maltas Claras.
Mare Five Years Old and Over ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First, J. O.
Singmaster & Son on Smith Creek May 138775; second, Ames Bros. & Sons
on Queen Mallais 138544; third, Ames Bros. & Sons on Diamond 2d 146839;
fourth, Frank Keenan & Son on Keota Lassie 133143; fifth, Ernest L.
Humbert & Son on Surprise 83742.
Mare Four Years Old and Under Five ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First,
Ernest L. Humbert & Son on Pearl 150675; second, Ames Bros. & Sons
on Lady Jalap 152897; third, R. W. Hoit & Son on Juno 146584; fourth,
Albert C. Adix on Morie 153807; fifth, R. W. Hoit & Son on Sadie 150626.
Mare Three Years Old and Under Four ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First,
J. C. Redman on Heritage 161214; second, R. W. Hoit & Son on Marments
156326; third, J. O. Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Ivy 158912; fourth,
M. C. Bitterman & Sons on Frances Jr. 154847; fifth, E. L. Humbert & Son
on Weldon Clair 156683.
Mare Two Years Old and Under Three $50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First, J.
O. Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Cartelina 165753; second, J. O. Sing-
master & Son on Maple Grove Daisy 165749; third, A. J. Stonebarger &
Son on Beauty 165892; fourth, E. P. Hamilton & Sons on Maxine 166708;
fifth, R. W. Hoit & Sons on Grace 167352.
NATIONAL PERCHERON BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Filly ($70, $60, $50, $45, $40, $35, $30, $25, $20, $18, $15, $12) — First, J.
O. Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Sunrise 170855; second, R. W. Hoit
& Son on Roselta; third, Fred L. Bitterman on Black Beauty; fourth,
Jesse M. Kuhn on Adelaide; fifth, Lee Bros, on Lamaxine; sixth, Iowa
State College on Thelma; seventh, E. L. Humbert & Son on Mable Olbert;
eighth, A. J. Stonebarger on Mable; ninth, Ames Bros. & Sons on Ethel L. ;
tenth, E. P. Hamilton & Sons on Junella 167288; eleventh, E. L. Hum-
bert & Son on Merigold; twelfth, W. J. Dawson & Sons on Queen.
Mare Foal $50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First, Rookwood Farm on Rookwood
Juliet; second, Holmes Bros, on Myrtle; third, Ernest L. Humbert & Son
on Gwendoline 172473; fourth, Lee Bros, on La Verna; fifth, Ames Bros.
& Sons on Lady Japalac.
Junior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J. O. Sing-
master & Sons on Maple Grove Wonder; reserve, J. G. Hanmer on Ames
Jalap.
Senior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J. O. Sing-
master & Son on Maple Grove Coco; reserve, A. L. Champlin on Ames
Kronpring.
Grand Champion Stallion ($50, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J. O. Sing-
master & Son on Maple Grove Coco; reserve, J. O. Singmaster & Son on
Maple Grove Wonder.
Junior Champion 3Iare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J. O. Sing-
master & Son on Maple Grove Cartelina; reserve, Rookwood Farm on
Rookwood Juliet.
Senior Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J. O. Sing-
master & Son on Smith Creek May; reserve, E. L. Humbert & Son on Pearl.
Grand Champion Mare ($50, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J. O. Sing-
master & Son on Maple Grove Cartelina; reserve, J. O. Singmaster & Son
on Smith Creek May.
Champion Stallion Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion,
J. O. Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Coco; reserve, J. O. Singmaster
& Son on Maple Grove Wonder.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
201
MAPLE GROVE COCO
Grand Champion Pereheron Stallion. Singmaster & Son, Keota, Iowa.
Champion Mare Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J. O.
Singmaster & Son on Maple Grove Cartelina; reserve, J. O. Sing-master &
Son on Smith Creek May.
Get of Sire, Three Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15, $10) — First.
J. O. Singmaster & Son; second, R. W. Hoit & Son; third, J. G. Hanmer;
fourth, L. C. Altemeier; fifth, E. P. Hamilton & Sons.
Produce of Mare, Two Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15, $10) —
First, J. O. Singmaster & Son; second, Ames Bros. & Sons; third, L. C.
Altemeier; fourth, E. P. Hamilton & Sons; fifth, Ernest L. Humbert & Son.
Stallion and Three Mares Under Three, Bred by Exhibitor ($40, $30, $20.
$15, $10) — First, J. O. Singmaster & Son; second, R. W. Hoit & Son; third,
E. P. Hamilton & Sons; fourth, W. J. Dawson & Sons; fifth, M. C. Bitter-
man & Sons.
Stallion and Three Mares, Any Age ($40, $30, $20, $15, $10) — First, J. O.
Singmaster & Son; second, Ames Bros. & Sons; third, Ernest L.Humbert
& Son; fourth, R. W. Hoit & Son; fifth, E. P. Hamilton & Sons.
Five Stallions (Ribbon) — First, J. O. Singmaster & Son.
Premier Breeders' Prize (to the breeder of animal winning the largest
amount in prizes in the Pereheron classes; Special Premier Breeders'
Champion Ribbon or Banner) — J. O. Singmaster & Son.
Exhibitor's Prize (to the exhibitor of animals winning the largest
amount in prizes in the Pereheron classes; Special Premier Breeder's
Champion Ribbon or Banner) — J. O. Singmaster & Son.
BELGIANS
Exhibitors — J. Aug. Carlson, Ogden ; H. J. Claussen, Ogden ; Wm. Claussen,
Davenport; W. B. Donelson, Ogden; Albert Doerder. Boone; C. G. Good,
Ogden; H. Graban, Boone; Iowa State College, Ames; Chas. Irvine, Ankeny;
202 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
J. W. Kerr, Mt. Sterling; A. L. Lansing, Perry; G. E. Muench, Ogden;
Simon Peterson, Ogden; J. C. Ritchie, Stratford; Leonard M. Williams,
Redfield, Box 167; K. A. "Wilson, Norwalk.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
Stallion Five Years Old and Over ($50) — First, Wm. Claussen on Ju-
piter 8936.
Stallion Four Years Old and Under Five ($50, $40) — First, Albert Doer-
der on Jumbo 12339; second, Chas. Irvine on Al De Bree 11696.
Stallion Three Years Old and Under Four ($50, $40, $30, $20, $10) — First,
C. G. Good on Echodale Farceur 12123; second, Chas. Irvine on King
12295; third, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale Pride 11998; fourth, W. B. Donelson
on Farceurs Hero 12023; fifth, Chas. Irvine on Mike Jr. 11667.
Stallion Two Years Old and Under Three ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First,
Simon Peterson on Farceurs King 12477; second, Chas. Irvine on Irvine-
dale Hi 12489; third, Aug. J. Carlson on Belmont Farceur 12579; fourth,
Albert Doerder on Tonie 12644.
NATIONAL DRAFT HORSE BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Stallions ($50, $40, $35, $25, $20, $15, $15, $10, $10) — First, Chas. Irvine
on Irvinedale King; second, G. E. Muench on Farceur's Successor; third,
W. B. Donelson on Farceur's Crown; fourth, C. G. Good & Son on Farceur's
Magnet; fifth, Iowa State College on Belmont; sixth, Leonard Williams on
Irvinedale Jupiter 12812; seventh, C. G. Good & Son on Farceur's Cadet;
eighth, G. E. Muench on Farceur de Lemon; ninth, J. W. Kerr on Pat
Farceur.
Stallion Foal ($40, $30, $20, $10, $10) — First, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale
Alfred; second, A. L. Lansing on Ideal Distrait; third, J. W. Kerr on
Prince Farceur; fourth, H. B. Graban; fifth, Aug. J. Carlson on Belmont
Jupiter 3217.
Mare Five Years Old and Over ($40, $30, $20, $10, $10) — First, C. G.
Good on Paramount Lulu 6014; second, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale Rica
5294; third, Aug. J. Carlson on Lavonne De Rossa 3217; fourth, C. G.
Good on Civette 3065; fifth, J. W. Kerr on Bessie.
Mare Four Years Old and Under Five ($40, $30, $20, $10, $10) — First, H.
G. Graban on Grace 7349; second, J. W. Kerr on June 6708; third, H. J.
Claussen on Cartel du Escadron 7469; fourth, Chas. Irvine on Diane 7551;
fifth, Albert Doerder on Lela 6905.
Mare Three Years Old and Under Four ($40, $30, $20, $10, $10) — First,
C. G. Good on Farcetta 8185; second, C. G. Good on Farceuretta 8186;
third, Albert Doerder on Lavonne 8335; fourth, A. L. Lansing on Flora
Du Fosteau 8301; fifth, J. W. Kerr on Bee 8452.
Mare Two Years Old and Under Three ($40, $30, $20, $10, $10) — First,
G. E. Muench on Queen Farceur 8841; second, J. A. Carlson on Belmont
Minnie 9060; third, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale Ricette 8869; fourth, Chas.
Irvine on Springvale Letna 8898; fifth, Wm. Claussen on Mississippi Pearl,
8836.
NATIONAL DRAFT HORSE BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Filly ($50, $40, $35, $25, $20, $15, $15, $10, $10)— First, J. Aug. Carlson
on Belmont Lozette; second, C. G. Good & Son on Farette; third, G. E.
Muench; fourth, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale Zetta; fifth, H. J. Claussen
on Golda Farceur; sixth, Albert Doerder on Alvina; seventh, C. G. Good
& Son on Farletta; eighth, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale Onida; ninth, G. E.
Muench on Farce May.
Mare Foal ($40, $30, $20, $10, $10) — First, H. J. Claussen on Bonnie De
Farceur; second, C. G. Good & Son; third, C. G. Good & Son; fourth, J. W.
Kerr on Ina; fifth, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale Civette.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
203
ECHODALE FARCEUR
Grand Champion Belgian Stallion. C. G. Good & Son, Ogden, Iowa.
Junior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Simon Peter-
son on Farceurs King 12477; reserve, Chas. Irvine on Irvinedale King.
Senior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, C. G. Good
on Echodale Farceur 12123; reserve, Albert Doerder on Jumbo 12339.
Grand Champion Stallion ($50, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, C. G. Good
on Echodale Farceur 12123; reserve, Simon Peterson on Farceurs King.
Junior Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, G. E. Muench
on Queen Farceur 8841; reserve, J. Aug. Carlson on Belmont Lovette.
Senior Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, C. G. Good
on Farcetta 8185; reserve, C. G. Good on Paramount Lulu 6014.
Grand Champion Mare ($50, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, G. E. Muench
on Queen Farceur 8841; reserve, C. G. Good on Farcetta 8185.
Champion Stallion Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion,
C. G. Good on Echodale Farceur 12123; reserve, Simon Peterson on Farceur's
King 12477.
Champion Mare Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, G. E.
Muench on Queen Farceur 8841; reserve, C. G. Good on Farcetta 8185.
Get of Sire, Three Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15, $10) — First,
C. G. Good & Son; second, G. E. Muench; third, C. G. Good & Son; fourth,
Chas. Irvine; fifth, H. J. Claussen.
Produce of Mare, Two Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15, $10) — First'
C. G. Good; second, C. G. Good; third, G. E. Muench; fourth, C. G. Good;
fifth, Chas. Irvine.
Grand Stallion (stallion and three mares, under three, bred by exhibitor;
$40, $30, $20) — First, Chas. Irvine; second, C. G. Good; third, Wm. Claussen.
204 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Stallion and Three Mares, Any Age ($40, $30, $20, $15, $10)— First, C.
G. Good; second, Chas. Irvine; third, G. E. Muench; fourth, Albert Doerder;
fifth, J. W. Kerr.
Five Stallions (Ribbon) — First, Chas. Irvine.
BREEDERS' PRIZES
Premier Breeder's Prises (to the breeder of animals winning- the largest
amount in prizes in the Belgian classes; Special Premier Breeder's Cham-
pion Ribbon or Banner) — Chas. Irvine.
Exhibitor's Prize (to the exhibitor of animals winning the largest
amount in prizes in the Belgian classes; Special Premier Exhibitor's Cham-
pion Ribbon or Banner) — C. G. Good & Son.
ENGLISH SHIRES
Exhibitors — V. Mildred Cooke, Webster City ; Ward Dyer, Pleasantville ;
E. P. Hamilton & Sons, Garden Grove; J. L. Howard, Ankeny; F. A. Hud-
dlestun, Webster City; Tom Skola, Slater; M. H. Smiley, Dallas Center;
Smith Bros., Route 5, Des Moines; Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell,
111.; H. Vann & Son, Overbrook, Kans.; C. L. Waltz, Creston.
Judge Thomas R. Holbert, Greeley, Iowa.
Stallion Five Years Old and Over ($50, $40, $30) — First, Truman's Pioneer
Stud Farm on Milestone Quadrant 19013; second, Truman's Pioneer Stud
Farm on Morbury Bohemian 19011; third, E. P. Hamilton & Sons on Daniel
Vulcan 16704.
Stallion Four Years Old and Under Five ($50) — First, Ward Dyer on
Royal Charm 18462.
Stallion Three Years Old and Under Four ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First,
F. A. Huddlestun on British Flagg II 18663; second, Tom Skola on Tatton
King 18772; third, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm on Royal Tipton 18798;
fourth, H. Vann & Son on Royal Wrydelands Friar 18824.
Stallion Two Years Old and Under Three ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, F.
A. Huddleston on Tatton Dray King II 19111; second, Truman's Pioneer
Stud Farm on Klockinge Sailor Emmanuel 19082; third, M. H. Smiley on
Queen's Royal Grey 18999; fourth, C. L. Waltz on Harlston 19167.
NATIONAL SHIRE BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Stallion ($50, $40, $35, $25) — First, Smith Bros, on American Model;
second, J. L. Howard on Bold Conqueror; third, C. L. Waltz on Blucher;
fourth, C. L. Waltz on Creston Archy.
Stallion Foal ($40, $30, $20) — First, Smith Bros, on Bold Prince; second,
Smith Bros, on Feathermore; third, H. Vann & Son on Wrydelands Recruit.
Mare Five Years Old and Over ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, F. A. Huddle-
stun on Zelda May 13258; second, F. A. Huddlestun on Moulton Mae 17775;
third, J. L. Howard on Favorite Duchess 14273; fourth, F. A. Huddlestun
on Mathel 17186.
Mare Four Years Old and Under Five ($40) — First, Smith Bros, on
Mercedes 18493.
Mare Three Years Old and Under Four ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, Tru-
man's Pioneer Stud Farm on Come Again 18920; second, Truman's Pioneer
Stud Farm on Heatherbloom 18921; third, F. A. Huddlestun on Edgewood
Luceil 18662; fourth, F. A. Huddlestun on Edgewood Sunset 18659.
Mare Two Years Old and Under Three ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, Tru-
man's Pioneer Stud Farm on Westbrook Diamond 18959; second, J. L.
Howard on Severn's Easter Eve 19019; third, J. L. Howard on Royal Belle
Eve 19076; fourth, H. Vann & Son on Betsey.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
205
NATIONAL SHIRE BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Filly ($50, $40, $35, $25, $20) — First, Smith Bros, on Miss Sunshine;
second, V. Mildred Cooke on V. Erste Flag; third, F. A. Huddlestun on
Mary Belle B.; fourth, Smith Bros, on Rolled Stockings; fifth, E. P. Ham-
ilton & Sons on Florence Funk 19396.
Mare Foal ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, F. A. Huddlestun on Mildred C;
second, V. Mildred Cooke on V. Marigold Flag; third, J. L. Howard;
fourth, H. Vann & Son on White Hall Lady.
Junior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F. A. Hud-
dlestun on Tatton Dray King 19111; reserve, Smith Bros, on American Model.
Senior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Truman's
Pioneer Stud Farm on Miles Stone Quadrant 19013; reserve, F. A. Hud-
dlestun on British Flag 18663.
TATTON DRAY KING
Grand Champion Shire Stallion. F. A. Huddleston, Webster City, Iowa.
Grand Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F. A. Hud-
dleston on Tatton Dray King 19111; reserve, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm
on Milestone Quadrant 19013.
Junior Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Truman's
Pioneer Stud Farm on Westbrook Diamond; reserve, Smith Bros, on Miss
Sunshine.
Senior Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Truman's
Pioneer Stud Farm on Come Again; reserve, F. A. Huddlestun on Zelda May.
Grand Champion Mare ($25. Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Truman's
Pioneer Stud Farm on Westbrook Diamond; reserve, Truman's Pioneer
Stud Farm on Come Again.
Champion Stallion Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F.
A. Huddlestun on Tatton Dray King 19111; reserve, Smith Bros, on
American Model.
206 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Champion Mare Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F. A.
Huddlestun on Zelda May; reserve, Smith Bros, on Miss Sunshine.
Get of Sire, Three Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15 — First, Smith
Bros.; second, F. A. Huddlestun; third, F. A. Huddlestun; fourth, H. Vann
& Son.
Produce of Mare, Two Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First,
Smith Bros.; second, F. A. Huddlestun; third, F. A. Huddlestun; fourth,
J. L. Howard.
Stallion and Three Mares Under Three, Bred by Exhibitor ($40, $30, $20)
— First, Smith Bros.; second, F. A. Huddlestun; third, H. Vann & Son.
Stallion and Three Mares, Any Age ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, Truman's
Pioneer Stud Farm; second, F. A. Huddlestun; third, Smith Bros.; fourth,
H. Vann & Son.
Five Stallions (Ribbon) — Truman's Stud Farm.
Premier Breeder's Prize (to breeder of animals winning the largest
amount in prizes in the Shire classes; Special Breeder's Champion Ribbon
or Banner) — Smith Bros.
Exhibitor's Prize (to exhibitor of animals winning the largest amount
in prizes in the Shire classes; Special Premier Exhibitor's Ribbon or Ban-
ner)— F. A. Huddlestun.
SPECIAL PRIZES
Offered by the Shire Horse Society of Great Britain.
Best Shire Stallion or Colt (Silver Medal) — F. A. Huddlestun on Tatton
Dray King.
Best Shire Mare or Filly (Silver Medal) — Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm
on Westbrook Diamond.
Champion Shire Stallion, Any Age (Silver Trophy) — F. A. Huddlestun
on Tatton Dray King.
Champion Shire Mare, Any Age (Silver Trophy) — Truman's Pioneer Stud
Farm on Westbrook Diamond.
SPECIAL PRIZES
Offered by the Shire Horse. Society of Great Britain and the American
Shire Horse Association.
Grade Mares or Geldings Sired hy Registered Shire Horses ($100, $75,
$50, $40, $30) — First, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm on Hobson; second,
Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm on Lockinge; third, Truman's Pioneer Stud
Farm on Jack; fourth, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm on Jim; fifth, Geo.
F. Huston, Waukee, on Flora.
Grade Shire Team in Harness ($100) — Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm on
Hobson and Lockinge.
CLYDESDALES
Exhibitors — F. L. Anderson, Ross, Iowa ; Iowa State College, Ames ; G. W.
Merna, Wyoming; J. G. Sage & Sons, Gilman; B. C. Stringham, Dexter.
Judge Andrew McFarlane, Palo, Iowa.
Stallion Five Years Old and Over ($50) — First, G. W. Merna on Proud
Archer 20041.
Stallion Four Years Old and Under Five ($50) — First, Iowa State College
on Peers Stamp 21254.
Stallion Three Years Old and Under Four ($50) — First, J. G. Sage & Son
on Charming Archer 21247.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
207
NATIONAL, BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Stallion ($50, $40, $35, $25) — First, G. W. Merna on Archers Orphan;
second, Iowa State College on Criterions Last; third, F. L. Anderson on
Lofty Peer; fourth, J. G. Sage & Sons on Farmer Boy.
Stallion Foal ($40, $30) — First, B. C. String-ham on Three Star; second,
J. G. Sage & Son on Sulton Peer.
3Iare Five Years Old and Over ($40, $30, $20) — First, F. L. Anderson on
Cedric Baroness 20649; second, G. TV. Merna on Samudas Violet 17936;
third, B. C. Stringham on Queen 22226.
Mare Four Years Old and Under Five ($40) — J. G. Sage & Son on Hildred
Chief 20446.
Mare Three Years Old and Under Four ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, G. TV.
Merna on Lady Archer 21334; second, J. G. Sage & Son on Cambridge Rose
21442; third, J. G. Sage & Son on Lou Dillion II 21450; fourth, J. G. Sage
& Son on Dorothy Peer 21502.
Mare Two Years Old and Under Three ($40, $30, $20, $15)— First, G. W.
Merna on Hayfield Diamond 21760; second, G. TV. Merna on Archers Maid
21717; third, J. G. Sage & Son on Theda Peer 21968; fourth, J. G. Sage
& Son on Maggie Topaz 21870.
NATIONAL BREEDERS' FUTURITY
Filly ($5'0, $40, $35, $25, $20, $10) — First, Iowa State College on College
Queen; second, Iowa State College on College Beauty 22013; third, Iowa
State College on Criterions Lady; fourth, J. G. Sage & Sons on Freda Peer;
fifth, G. TV. Merna on Archers Bud; sixth, F. L. Anderson on Dorothy's
Queen.
Mare Foal ($40, $30, $20) — First, F. L. Anderson on Mare Foal; second,
G. TV. Merna on Lassie; third, J. G. Sage & Sons on May Archer.
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PROUD ARCHER
Grand Champion Clydesdale Stallion. G. W. Merna, Wyoming, 111.
208 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Junior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, G. W.
Merna on Archer's Orphan; reserve, B. C. String-ham on Three Star.
Senior Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, G. W.
Merna on Proud Archer; reserve, J. G. Sage & Sons on Charming- Archer.
Grand Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon)- — Champion, G. W.
Merna on Proud Archer; reserve, J. G. Sage & Sons on Charming Archer.
Junior Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, G. W. Merna
on Hayfield Diamond; reserve, Iowa State College on College Queen.
Senior Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F. W. Ander-
son on Cedric Baroness; reserve, G. W. Merna on Lady Archer.
Grand Champion 3Iare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, P. L. Anderson
on Cedric Baroness; reserve, G. W. Merna on Lady Archer.
Champion Stallion Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, J.
G. Sage & Son on Charming Archer; reserve, B. C. Stringham on Three Star.
Champion Mare Owned in Iowa ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F. L.
Anderson on Cedric Baroness; reserve, Iowa State College on College
Queen.
Get of Sire, Three Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, J. G.
Sage & Sons; second, G. W. Merna; third, Iowa State College; fourth,
J. G. Sage & Sons.
Produce of Mare, Two Animals, Either Sex ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First,
G. W. Merna; second, G. W. Merna; third, J. G. Sage & Sons; fourth,
F. L. Anderson.
Grand Display (stallion and three mares under three bred by exhibitor;
$40, $30) — First, Iowa State College; second, G. W. Merna.
Stallion and Three Mares, Any Age ($40, $30, $20, $15) — First, G. W.
Merna; second, F. L. Anderson; third, J. G. Sage & Sons; fourth, G. W.
Merna.
Premier Breeder's Prize (to breeder winning the largest amount in prizes
in the Clydesdale classes; Special Premier Breeder's Champion Ribbon
or Banner) — H. H. Ford, Storm Lake.
Exhibitor's Prize (to exhibitors of animals winning the largest amount
in prizes in the Clydesdale classes; Special Premier Exhibitor's Champion
Ribbon or Banner) — G. W. Merna.
DRAFT GELDINGS AND MARES
Exhibitors — M. C. Bitterman & Sons, Nora Springs ; Wm. Claussen, Daven-
port; W. J. Dawson & Sons, Washta; E. C. Eaton, Humeston; Holmes Bros.,
Milton; Geo. F. Huston, Waukee; Chas. Irvine, Ankeny; J. W. Kerr, Mt.
Sterling; John Logan, care Wortham Shows, Detroit, Mich.; M. C. Peters
Mill Co., Omaha, Nebr.; J. C. Ritchie, Stratford; Swift & Company, Chicago,
111.; A. J. Stonebarger, Lone Tree.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
Gelding or Mare Four Years Old or Over ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First,
Albert Doerder on Phelix; second, Holmes Bros, on Vesta; third, Geo. F.
Huston on Flora; fourth, A. J. Stonebarger & Son on Jim.
Gelding or Mare Two Years and Under Three ($50) — First, Geo. F. Huston
on Black Topsy.
Gelding or Mare One Year and Under Two ($50, $40) — First, Geo. F.
Huston on Jerry; second, W. J. Dawson & Son on Dick.
Horse or Filly Foal ($50, $40, $30) — First, Holmes Bros, on Tuffy; sec-
ond, E. C. Eaton on Mutt; third, E. C. Eaton on Jeff.
Farmer's Team ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, F. A. Huddlestun; second,
Ames Bros. & Sons; third, J. W. Kerr; fourth, Holmes Bros.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
209
Gelding- or Mare Three Years or Over ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Tru-
man's Pioneer Stud Farm on Hobson; second, M. C. Peters Mill Co. on
Blucher; third, Swift & Co. on Joe; fourth, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm
on Lockinge.
Draft Team in Harness ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Truman's Pioneer
Stud Farm; second, Swift & Co.; third, M. C. Peters Mill Co.; fourth Swift
& Co.
Champion Gelding or Mare ($50, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Truman's
Pioneer Stud Farm on Hobson; reserve, M. C. Peters Mill Co. on Blucher.
Four Horse Team ($150) — Swift & Company.
Six Horse Team ($150) — Swift & Company.
Stable Manager's Prize (to managers and superintendents of the stables
winning- the greatest number of ribbons either blue, red, white or pink,
in draft horse division, $25, $15, $10) — First, J. O. Singmaster & Son;
second, C. G. Good & Son; third, F. A. Huddlestun.
Stable Decorations (for best stable decoration, neatest and most attrac-
tive draft horse exhibit, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, J. O. Singmaster & Son,
second, R. W. Hoit & Son; third, Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm; fourth,
Frand Huddlestun.
First Prize Farm Team. F. A. Huddleston, Webster City, Iowa.
HORSE SHOW DIVISION
HARNESS AND SADDLE HORSES
Exhibitors — Jesse J. Bass, care Omaha Riding Academy, Omaha, Neb. ;
Thos. Bass, Mexico, Mo.; L. D. Berry, 5109 Emerson Ave. S., Minneapolis,
Minn.; D. H. Buxton and Daughters, Des Moines; Mrs. John A. Cavanagh,
315 37th St., Des Moines; Loula Dong Combs, Lees Summit, Mo.; Smith
Crane, Omaha Riding Academy, Omaha, Neb.; A. L. Champlin, Ames; Earl
M. Dixon, New Boston, 111.; Raleigh Fry, Colo; H. F. Griffin, Riverside;
14
210 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
J. H. Hogan, Des Moines; Gertrude B. Hardt, Chicago, 111.; Sarah Meyers
Hedges, 334 Century Bldg., Des Moines; Geo. A. Heyl, Washington, 111.;
Grover Hubbell, Des Moines; John E. Kirbye, Jr., Des Moines; T. W.
LeQuatte, Des Moines; Mrs. T. W. LeQuatte, Des Moines; Hazel Logan,
care Wortham Shows, Detroit, Mich.; Dr. Wilton McCarthy, Des Moines;
Fay L. McCarthy, Des Moines; W. W. Maple, Des Moines; Mr. and Mrs.
Billy Miller, 315 W. Ninth St., Des Moines; C. E. Monahan, 1610 East Grand,
Des Moines; E. D. Moore, Des Moines; R. G. Mundy, Des Moines; E. W.
Nash, Omaha Riding Academy, Omaha, Neb.; W. J. O'Brien, 2223 Cleve-
land Ave., Chicago, 111.; R. W. Parrott, care Brown Hotel, Des Moines;
Bruce Robinson, Osceola; Francis Sterling, Des Moines; B. C. Stringham,
Dexter; Charles Van Studdiford, St. Louis, Mo.
( E. A. Trowbridge, Columbia, Mo.
) Walter Palmer, San Jose, Calif.
ROADSTERS.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding ($50, $40, $30, $10) — First, Loula Long Combs on
Blackie Girl; second, C. E. Monahan on Jessie Albingen; third, John E. Kir-
bye, Jr., on Teddy Shea; fourth, Bruce Robinson on Princess Reed.
Pair Stallions, Mares or Geldings ($50) — First, Bruce Robinson on Prin-
cess Reed & Mate.
RUNABOUTS.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding ($50, $40, $30, $10) — First, A. L. Champlin on
Lady Lightfoot; second, Bruce Robinson on Broskie Dare 14461; third, Thos.
Bass on High Brown; fourth, C. E. Monahan on Jessie Albingen.
Pair Stallions, Mares or Geldings ($50, $40, $30) — First, A. L. Champlin on
Lucky Boy and Mate; second, Bruce Robinson on King 1859; third, A. L.
Champlin on Laddy Lightfoot and Tony.
LADIES' TURNOUT.
Single Mare or Gelding ($50, $40, $30, $10) — First, A. L. Champlin on High-
ball; second, Earl M. Dixon on Forest King; third, A. L. Champlin on Prince
of Greenhill Lady; fourth, Hazel Logan on Brilliant.
Pair Mares or Geldings, or Mare and Gelding ($50, $40, $30, $10) — First,
A. L. Champlin on Highball and Mate; second, A. L. Champlin on Tony and
Mate; third, Earl M. Dixon on Forest King and Mate; fourth, A. L. Champ-
lin on Lucky Boy and Mate.
HIGH STEPPERS AND PARK HORSES
Stallion, Mare or Gelding Under 15-2 ($50, $40, $30, $10) — First, Bruce
Robinson on King 1859; second, Earl M. Dixon on Forest King; third, A. L.
Champlin on Pactolus Prince; fourth, A. L. Champlin on Lady Greenhill.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding 15-2 and Over ($50, $40) — First, A. L. Champlin
on Highball; second, A. L. Champlin on Lady Lightfoot.
Pair Stallions, Mares or Geldings Under 15-2 ($50, $40, $30) — First, Earl
M. Dixon on Forest King and Mate; second, A. L. Champlin on Lady Green-
hill and Mate; third, A. L. Champlin on Pactolus Prince and Mate.
Pair Stallions, Mares or Geldings, 15-2 or Over ($50, $40) — First, A. L.
Champlin on Highball and Mate; second, A. L. Champlin on Lady Lightfoot
and Mate.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Any Height, Horse Alone to be Considered ($50,
$40, $30) — First, Earl M. Dixon on Forrest King; second, A. L. Champlin on
Highball; third, A. L. Champlin on Prince of Greenhill Lady.
GIG HORSES.
Horses Under 15-2 ($50, $40) — First, A. L. Champlin on Pactolus Prince;
second, A. L. Champlin on Lady Greenhill.
Horses 15-2 or Over ($50, $40) — First, A. L. Champlin on Highball; second,
A. L. Champlin on Lady Lightfoot.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 211
TANDEMS.
Tandem Team, Wheeler Over 15-2 ($50, $40, $30) — First, A. L. Champlin on
Highball and Mate; second, A. L. Champlin on Lady Lightfoot and Mate;
third, A. L. Champlin on Prince of Greenhills Lady and Mate.
Tandem Team, Wheeler Under 15-2 ($50) — First, A. L. Champlin on Pacto-
lus Prince and Mate.
Tandem Team, Any Size, Horses Alone to he Considered ($50, $40) — First,
A. L. Champlin on Pactolus Prince and Mate; second, A. L. Champlin on
Lady Lightfoot and Mate.
STABLE MANAGER'S PRIZE.
Managers or Superintendents of the Stahles Winning the Greatest Num-
ber of Ribbons (either blue, red, white or pink in Harness or Saddle divi-
sions; $25, $15, $10) — First, A. L. Champlin; second, Bruce Robinson; third,
Loula Long Combs.
STABLE DECORATIONS.
For Best Stable Decoration (neatest and most attractive harness or
saddle horse exhibit; $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Geo. N. Heyl; second, A. L.
Champlin; third, John E. Kirbye Jr.; fourth, Earl M. Dixon.
SADDLE HORSES.
FIVE-GA1TED.
Stallion, Four Years Old and Over ($50, $40, $30, $20)— First, Loula Long
Combs on General Foch 8445; second, Bruce Robinson on Lonnie McDon-
ald 7114; third, Thos. Bass on King; fourth, W. J. O'Brien on Chief Rich-
lien.
Mare, Four Years Old and Over ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Loula Long
Combs on Tiger Rose 12972; second, Gertrude B. Hardt on Major's Aurelia
12955; third, Thos. Bass on Francis King; fourth, W. J. O'Brien on Rose
Chieftain.
Mare Three Years Old and Under Four ($50, $40) — First, Bruce Robin-
son on Broskie Dare 14466; second, Thos. Bass on Nancie Reed.
Gelding Four Years Old and Over ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Loula Long
Combs on Miracle Man; second, E. D. Moore on Elmay; third, Thos. Bass
on Over the Top; fourth, W. J. O'Brien on Ed. McDonald.
Pair Five-Gaited Saddle Horses (Mares or Geldings Property of Exhib-
itor) Ridden by Gentleman and Lady ($50, $4u, $30, $20) — First, Gertrude
B. Hardt on Golden Flash & Major's Aurelia; second, Bruce Robinson on
Dorothy Dare and Missouri Queen; third, E. D. Moore on Elmay & Eva
Arnold; fourth, R. G. Mundy on Rex & Royal Chester.
$1,000 FIVE-GAITED SADDLE HORSE STAKE
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Any Age ($250, $200, $150, $125, $100, $75, $60,
$40) — First, Loula Long Combs on Tiger Rose 12972; second, E. D. Moore
on Elmay; third, Gertrude B. Hardt on Major's Aurelia; fourth, Loula Long
Combs on Judge Thurman; fifth, W. J. O'Brien on Ed. McDonald; sixth,
Thos. Bass on >Over the Top; seventh, Bruce Robinson on Dorothy Dare
14189; eighth, Gertrude B. Hardt on Golden Flash.
THREE-GAITED.
Mare or Gelding, Any Age, 14-2 to 15 ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Loula
Long Combs on Tiney Peavine; second, Gertrude B. Hardt on Wonder
Miss 13627; third, C. E. Monahan on Babie Monahan; fourth, John J.
Kirbye on Freckles.
Mare or Gelding, Any Age, 15 to 15-2 ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Loula
Long Combs on Susanna; second, Thos. Bass on Violet Thornton; third,
W. J. O'Brien on Empress; fourth, E. D. Moore on Thornton Empress.
212 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Mare or Gelding, Any Age, 15-2 and Over, and up to Carrying 175 lbs.
($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Loula Long Combs on Bohemian Lass; second,
W. J. O'Brien on Glitter; third, E. D. Moore on Prince of Dares; fourth,
D. H. Buxton & Daughters on Missouri's Best 13579.
Ladies' Saddle Horse, Lady Rider ($50, $40, $30, $20) First, W. J.
O'Brien on Francis Starr; second, Francis Sterling on Best's Baby Doll
12956; third, Gertrude B. Hardt on Wonder Miss; fourth, E. D. Moore on
Thornton Empress.
Pair Three-Gaited Saddle Horses (Mares or Geldings, the Property of
One Exhibitor) Ridden by Gentleman and Lady ($50, $40) — First, Bruce
Robinson on Storm King and Dorothy Dare; second, E. D. Moore on
Thornton Empress & Eva Arnold.
$1,000 SADDLE HORSE STAKE, THREE-GAITED
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Any Age ($250, $200, $150, $125, $100, $75,
$60, $40) — First, Loula Long Combs on Susanna; second, Thos. Bass on
Violet Thornton; third, E. D. Moore on Thornton Empress; fourth, Loula
Long Combs on Bohemian Girl; fifth, Gertrude B. Hardt on Wonder Miss;
sixth, W. J. O'Brien on Empress; seventh, Gertrude B. Hardt on Rulsay;
eighth, Mrs. John Cavanagh on Midnight Flapper.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Any Age, Five-Gaited ($50, $40, $30, $10) —
First, Loula Long Combs on General Foch 8445; second, E. D. Moore on
Elmay; third, Gertrude B. Hardt on Golden Flash; fourth, Thos. Bass uo
Over the Top.
COMBINED HARNESS AND SADDLE HORSES.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Any Age, Three-Gaited ($50, $40, $3 0, $10) —
First, E. D. Moore on Thornton Empress; second, Loula Long Combs on
Susanna; third, W. J. O'Brien on Glitter; fourth, Thos. Bass on Violet
Thornton.
HIGH SCHOOL HORSES.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Any Age ($50, $40, $30, $20) — First, Thos. Bass
on Bell Beach; second, Hazel Logan on Rambler; third, Bruce Robinson on
Abraham No. 1; fourth, Hazel Logan on Brilliant.
LOCAL OWNED IN IOWA.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Five-Gaited, Three Years or Older ($35, $25,
$20, $10) — First, Bruce Robinson on Lonnie McDonald 7114; second, John
H. Hogan on Golden Lad; third, Fay L. McCarthy on Premier McDonald
8070; fourth, Bruce Robinson on Dorothy Dare 14189.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding, Tbree-Gaited, Three Years or Over ($35, $25,
$20, $10) — First, Bruce Robinson on Dorothy Dare 14189; second, Grover
Hubbell on Bonnie Bluse; third, Mrs. John A. Cavanagh on Midnight
Flapper; fourth, D. H. Buxton & Daughter on Missouri's Best 13579.
AMATEUR CLASS, RIDDEN BY OWNER.
Stallion, Mare or Gelding ($35, $25, $20, $10) — First, Francis Sterling on
Bests' Baby Doll 12956; second, Mr. and Mrs. Billy Miller on Mahogany
Lad; third, T. W. LeQuatte on Votes for Women 13203 > fourth, D. PI.
Buxton & Daughters on Missouri's Best 13579.
HACKNEY.
Stallion Four Years or Over ($40) — First, A. L. Champlin on Brigham
Radiant 873.
Stallion or Mare Foal ($20, $15) — First, A. L. Champlin on mare foal;
second, A. L. Champlain on Mare Foal.
Yeld Mare Four Years or Over ($40, $25, $15) — First, A. L. Champlin
on Lady Greenhill 3281; second, Earl M. Dixon on Rosemary; third, A. L.
Champlin on Prince of Greenhill's Lady 3184.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 213
Brood Mare, With Foal at Side ($25) — First, A. L. Champlin on Fair'
Eliza & Foal 3182.
Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, A. L. Champlin on
Lady Greenhill; reserve, Earl M. Dixon on Rosemary.
PONIES.
Exhibitors — Frank Brideson, Bayard ; George Brideson, Panora ; Kenneth
Burkhardt, Guthrie Center; Earl M. Dixon, New Boston, 111.; Geo. A. Heyl,
"Washington, 111.; Chas. Irvine, Ankeny; Bruce Robinson, Osceola; Paul
Smith, 1433 Lyon St., Des Moines; Francis Sterling, Des Moines; Arthur E.
Warren, Route 2, Des Moines; D. G. Welty, Nevada; F. R. Wilson, Colo;
Grant Young, Bondurant.
Judge J. G. Hammer, Ames, Iowa.
WELSH PONIES.
Stallion Four Years or Over ($25) — First, Earl M. Dixon on Model.
Stallion Two Years, Under Three ($25) — First, D. G. Welty on Sir Shaddy.
Stallion or Mare Foal ($25, $15) — First, Francis Sterling; second, D.
G. Walty.
Mare Four Years Old or Over ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, D. G. Welty on
Lady Go Bang 954; second, Geo. A. Heyl on Gwindy Jewel 971; third, Earl
M. Dixon on Dainty; fourth, Francis Sterling on Lynette of Montrose 984.
Mare Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $15) — First, Geo. A. Heyl
on Gwindy Beauty; second, D. G. Welty on Firefly.
Mare Two Years Old and Under Three ($25) — First, D. G. Welty on
White Eyes.
Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Earl M. Dixon on
Model; reserve, D. G. Welty on Sir Shaddy.
Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, D. G. Welty on Lady
Go Bang; reserve, Geo. A. Heyl on Gwindy Beauty.
Stallion and Three Mares ($25) — First, D. G. Welty.
SHETLAND PONIES.
Stallion Four Years Old and Over ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, D. G. Welty
on Silver Crescent 18892; second, Earl M. Dixon on Masterpiece; third,
D. G. Welty on Locust J. 16600; fourth, A. E. Warren on Black Beauty.
Stallion Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $15, $10) — First, Francis
Sterling on Arfstocrat; second, Geo. Brideson on Jim Boy 18473; third,
F. R. Wilson on Toy K. 18500.
Stallion Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First,
Francis Sterling on Blackhawk; second, D. G. Welty on Prince A. 19231;
third, F. R. Wilson on Pride of Linwood 18392; fourth, F. R. Wilson.
Stallion or Mare Foal ($25, $15, $10, $5)— First, D. G. Welty; second,
F. R. Wilson; third, Francis Sterling on Boston's Benjamin; fourth, Frank
Brideson.
Mare Four Years Old or Over ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, Earl M. Dixon on
Suzanna D.; second, Geo. A. Heyl on Hamilton Old Rose 18313; third.
D. G. Welty on Romping Flash; fourth, D. G. Welty on Princess Welcome*
Mare Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, D. G.
Welty on Hamilton Larigo's Best; second, Earl M. Dixon on Fire Nigrht-
third, D. G. Welty on Star O" West; fourth, Grant Young on May.
Mare Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, D. G.
Welty on Sonora; second, Francis Sterling on Columbia Cole 19074; third
D. G. Welty on Priscilla's Pride; fourth, Grant Young on Pearl.
Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, D. G. Welty on
Silver Crescent; reserve, Earl M. Dixon on Master Piece.
214 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR -BOOK— PART IV
Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Earl M. Dixon on
Suzanna D. ; reserve, D. G. Welty on Larigo's Best.
Grand Display, Stallion and Three 3Iares ($25, $15, $10) — First, D. G.
Welty; second, Earl M. Dixon; third, Francis Sterling.
HACKNEY PONIES.
Stallion Four Years Old or Over ($25, $15, $10) — First, Geo. A. Heyl
on Trillo Supreme 2330; second, Francis Sterling on Lammermoor King
1859; third, Geo. A. Heyl on Dilhampton.
Mare Four Years Old and Over ($25, $15, $10.) — First, Geo. A. Heyl on
Dinarth Bell 3242; second, D. G. Welty on Consuello 3298; third, Geo. A.
Heyl on Rougham Ladas 3238.
Champion Stallion ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Geo. A. Heyl on
Trillo Supreme; reserve, Francis Sterling on Lammermoor King.
Champion Mare ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Geo. A. Heyl on
Dinarth Bell; reserve, D. G. Welty on Consuello.
PONIES IN HARNESS.
Pony Inder 10% Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, Earl M. Dixon on
Suzanna D. ; second, Geo. A. Heyl on Hamilton Old Rose; third, Francis
Sterling on Ola Larigo; fourth, Francis Sterling on Aristocrat.
Pair Ponies Under 10% Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, Geo. A. Heyl
on King Larigo and Hamilton Old Rose; second, D. G. Welty on Larigos
Best and Kensetta; third, Francis Sterling on Aristocrat and Bonnie;
fourth, Earl M. Dixon on Masterpiece and Ovilta.
Pony 10% to liy2 Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, D. G. Welty on Silver
Crescent; second, Earl M. Dixon on Lord Fauntleroy; third, Francis Ster-
ling; fourth, D. G. Welty on Romping Flash.
Pair Ponies 10y2 to liy2 Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, D. G. Welty
on Silver Crescent and Princess Welcome; second, Francis Sterling on Nip
and Tuck; third, Earl M. Dixon on Lord Fauntleroy and Suzanna D. ;
fourth, Earl M. Dixon on Ruthie and Fire Night.
Pony liy2 to 12y2 Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, Earl M. Dixon on
Model; second, Earl M. Dixon on Dixon's Pattern; third, D. G. Welty on
Lady Go Bang; fourth, Geo. A. Heyl on Heyl's Pride.
Pair Ponies 11% to 12y2 Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, Geo. A. Heyl on
Gwindy Beauty and Heyl's Pride; second, Earl M. Dixon on Model and
Dixon's Pattern; third, D. G. Welty on Lady Go Bang and Sir Shaddy;
fourth, Francis Sterling on Lynette and Babe.
Pony 12y2 to 13y2 Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, Geo. A. Heyl on Trillo
Supreme; second, Earl M. Dixon on Dainty; third, D. G. Welty on Con-
suello; fourth, Geo. A. Heyl on Dilhampton.
Pair Ponies 12y2 to 13y2 Hands ($25, $15, $10) — First, Geo. A. Heyl on
Trillo Supreme and Dinarth Bell; second, Geo. A. Heyl on Royal Flash
and Peggy Brennin; third, Earl M. Dixon on True Blue and Dainty.
Pony 13y2 to 14% Hands ($25, $15) — First, Francis Sterling; second,
Geo. A. Heyl on Rougham Ladas.
Tandem Team Under 12y2 Hands ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, Earl M.
Dixon on Model and Dixon's Pattern; second, Geo. A. Heyl on Gwindy
Beauty and Heyl's Pride; third, D. G. Welty on Romping Flash and Prin-
cess Welcome; fourth, Earl M. Dixon on Suzanna D. and Ruthie.
Tandem Team Over 12% Hands ($25, $15) — First, Geo. A. Heyl on Trillo
Supreme and Dinarth Bell; second, Earl M. Dixon on True Blue and Dainty.
Four-in-Hand Under 12% Hands ($25, $15, $10) — First, D. G. Welty; sec-
ond, Francis Sterling; third, Earl M. Dixon.
Four-in-Hand Over 12% Hands ($25, $15) — First, Earl M. Dixon; second,
Geo. A. Heyl.
Champion Harness Pony ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Earl M.
Dixon on Model; reserve, D. G. Welty on Silver Crescent.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 215
Champion Pair Harness Ponies ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, D. G.
Welty on Silver Crescent and Princess Welcome; reserve, Francis Sterling
on Gwindy Beauty and Heyl's Pride.
PONIES UNDER SADDLE.
Saddle Pony 10y2 to liy2 Hands ($15, $10, $5) — First, D. G. Welty on
Princess Welcome; second, Francis Sterling on Nip; third, Francis Ster-
ling on Tuck.
Saddle Pony Under 10y2 Hands ($15, $10, $5) — First, Francis Sterling
on Ola Larigo; second, D. G. Welty on Larigo's Best; third, Francis Ster-
ling on Bonnie.
Saddle Pony liy2 to 12y2 Hands ($15, $10, $5) — First, Geo. A. Heyl on
Gwindy Beauty; second, Francis Sterling on Le Nett; third, Geo. Bride-
son on Dolly.
Saddle Pony 12% to 13y2 Hands ($15, $10, $5) — First, Geo. A. Heyl
on Peggy Brennin; second, Geo. A. Heyl on Royal Flash; third, F. R.
Wilson.
Saddle Pony 13y2 to 14y2 Hands ($15) — First, Francis Sterling on Major.
Champion Saddle Pony ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, Geo. A. Heyl
on Royal Flash; reserve, D. G. Welty on Princess Welcome.
STABLE MANAGERS' PRIZE.
Managers or Superintendents of the Stables Winning the Greatest Num-
ber of Ribbons (either blue, red, white or pink, in pony classes $25, $15,
$10) — First, D. G. Welty; second, Geo. A. Heyl; third, E. M. Dixon.
STABLE DECORATIONS.
For Best Stable Decorations (neatest and most attractive pony exhibit;
$25, $20, $15, $10) — First, D. G. Welty; second, Earl M. Dixon; third,
Francis Sterling; fourth, F. R. Wilson.
MULES.
Exhibitors — Bert Barnett, Gallatin, Mo. ; Ira Benton, Bondurant ; Wyatt
Carr and Son, Collins; Clyde Collins, Dallas Center; Holmes Bros., Milton;
John Hubly, Mason City, 111.; Thos. E. Hughes, Knoxville; F. L. Hutson &
Son, State Center; J. W. Lisle, Jamaica.
Judge E. A. Trowbridge, Columbia, Mo.
Mules Four Years Old or Over ($25, $20, $10, $5) — First, F. L. Hutson
& Son; second, F. L. Hutson & Son; third, F. L. Hutson & Son; fourth,
J. W. Lisle on Ruby.
Mules Over Three, Under Four ($25, $20, $10) — First, F. L. Hutson &
Son; second, F. L. Hutson & Son; third, Thos. E. Hughes.
Mules Over Two, UndeT Three ($25, $20, $10, $5) — First, J. W. Lisle on
Molly; second, Clyde Collins; third, Ira C. Benton; fourth, Ira C. Benton.
Mules Over 1 and Under Two ($25, $20, $10, $5) — First, F. L. Hutson &
Son; second, Thos. E. Hughes; third, F. L. Hutson & Son; fourth, Thos.
E. Hughes.
Mule Colt Under One Year Old ($25) — First, Holmes Bros, on Gyp.
Mules Over 13 Hands ($25, $20, $15, $5) — First, F. L. Hutson & Son;
second, F. L. Hutson & Son; third, J. W. Lisle on Molly; fourth, F. L.
Hutson & Son.
Mule Under 15 Hands ($25, $20, $10, $5) — First, F. L. Hutson & Son',
second, F. L. Hutson & Son; third, F. L. Hutson & Son; fourth, F. L.
Hutson & Son.
Pair Mules Over 2,400 Pounds to Be Shown in Harness ($25, $20, $10,
$5) — First, F. L. Hutson & Son; second. J. W. Lisle on Ruby and Topsy;
third, F. L. Hutson & Son; fourth, Thos. E. Hughes.
216 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Pair Mules Over 2,400 Pounds to Be Shown in Harness ($25, $20, $10,
$5) — First, F. L. Hutson & Son; second, J. W. Lisle on Ruby and Topsy;
third, F. L. Hutson & Son; fourth, Thos. E. Hughes.
Pair Mules Under 2,400 Pounds to Be Shown in Harness ($25, $20) —
First, F. L. Hutson & Son; second, F. L. Hutson & Son.
Tandem Team ($25) — First, F. L. Hutson & Son.
Four Mule Team ($25, $15, $10) — First, F. L. Hutson & Son; second,
J. W. Lisle on Topsy and Bess; third, Thos. E. Hughes.
Five Mules, Any Age ($25, $15, $10) — First, F. L. Hutson & Son; second,
J. W. Lisle; third, Thos. E. Hughes.
Champion Mules, Any Age ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F. L.
Hutson & Son on Josie; reserve, F. L. Hutson & Son on Ruth.
Champion Pair of Mules ($25, Reserve Ribbon) — Champion, F. L. Hutson
& Son on Jane and Josie; reserve, J. W. Lisle on Topsy and Ruby.
JACKS AND JENNETS.
Exhibitors — Holmes Bros., Milton ; F. L. Hutson & Son, State Center.
Judge E. A. Trowbridge, Columbia, Mo.
Jack Four Years or Over ($25) — First, Holmes Bros, on Kentucky King.
Champion Jack ($25) — Champion, Holmes Bros, on Kentucky King.
CATTLE DEPARTMENT
Superintendent. . . . .' H. L. Pike, Whiting, Iowa.
SHORTHORNS.
Exhibitors — A. B. Amundson, Dawson ; Brandt Bros., Garnavillo ; Harry
Brown, Adel; Perry O. Brown, Lamoni; Edwin Byams, Dysart; W. O. Camp-
bell, La Porte City; Z. T. Dunham & Sons, Dunlap; Dubes & Ohlson, Aur-
elia; Edellyn Farms, Wilson, 111.; A. R. Fennern, Avoca; Gallmeyer Bros.,
Mechanicsville; W. E. Graham & Son, Prairie City; Hague & Girton, Fair-
field; C. E. Hoover & Son, Delphos; Hopley Stock arm, Atlantic; J. T.
Judge, Carroll; J. Kardel & Son, Walcott; Krizer Bros., Eddyville; H. C.
Lookabaugh, Watonga, Oklahoma; Loveland Stock Farm, Mt. Pleasant;
J. W. McDermott, Kahoka, Missouri; Wm. Milne, Mt. Pleasant; Miller Bros.,
Britt; Jos. Miller & Son, Granger, Missouri; J. E. Mann, Woodbine; The
Maxwell-Miller Cattle Co., Littleton, Colorado; J. S. Naylor, Clear Lake;
Nelson Bros., Dunlap; L. C. Oloff, Ireton; E. D. Palmer & Son, Ocheyedan;
W. W. Parkhill, Sigourney; Paul Purviance, Minburn; W. F. Rapp, St.
Edwards, Nebraska; Reynolds Bros., Lodi, Wisconsin; Rookwood Farm,
Ames; Geo. Rosengrant & Sons, Garden Grove; A. C. Shallenberger, Alma,
Nebraska; Ben G. Studer, Wesley; W. B. Tague & Sons, Kirkman; W. J.
Telfer, Prairie City; H. O. Tellier, Farmington, Minnesota; Geo. F. Thede
and Son, Durant; Uppermill Farm, Wapello; Freeman B. Wood, Eldora;
J. G. Westrope, Harlan.
Judge Prof. H. H. Kildee, Ames, Iowa.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15,
$10, $10) — First, J. W. McDermott on Marshal Joffre 807343; second, C. E.
Hoover & Son on Count Whitehall 788195; third, Wm. Milne on Cumberland
Marshal; fourth, The Maxwell-Miller Cattle Co. on Beauford Proud Duke
1069425; fifth, W. E. Graham & Son on Maxwalton Pure Gold II 699946;
sixth, Joseph Miller & Sons on Pride of Albion 730697; seventh, H. O. Tell-
ier on Superb Secret 96167; eighth, Edellyn Farms on Whitehall King
792762; ninth, A. B. Amundson on Acanthus Knight 700426; tenth, L. C.
Oloff on Avon's Model 858930.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 217
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20,
$15, $10, $10) — First, H. C. Lookabaugh on Maxhall Commander 97368S;
second, Uppermill Farm on Villagers Wanderer 978595; third, W. F. Rapp
on Silver Viscount 838024; fourth, Joseph Miller & Sons on Cumberland
Matadore 926116; fifth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Broadhook's
.Stamp 983999; sixth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Modest King
950631; seventh, J. W. McDermott on Marshal Hope 1035681; eighth, A. C.
Schallenberger on Matchless Marshal 946857; ninth, J. Kardel & Son on
Parkdale Bondsman 956105; tenth, J. W. McDermott on Choice Goods
Marshal.
Senior Yearling Bull ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $20, $15, $10) — First,
Hopley Stock Farm on Beau's Stamp 989787; second, Rookwood Farm
on Rookwood Knight 993183; third, Rookwood Farm on Lavender Taft
1053384; fourth, W. E. Graham & Sons on Village Champion 1003573; fifth,
Hague & Girton on Revelanta Crown 1007486; sixth, J. W. McDermott on
Rosedale Marshal 1035682; seventh, Krizer Bros, on Village Avondale
1003892; eighth, Rosengrant & Son, Geo. on Cluny Cumberland 1042492;
ninth, A. C. Schallenberger on Golden Villager 1034495.
Junior Yearling Bull ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $15, $15,
$10, $10, $10, $10) — First, Dubes & Ohlson on Shadow Lawn Master
1000257; second, H. C. Lookabaugh on Maxhall Searchlight 1058911; third.
W. E. Graham & Sons on Victor's Excellence 1049695; fourth, The Max-
well Miller Cattle Co. on Max-Mill Parson 1027263; fifth, Joseph Millor
& Sons on Oakdale Rodney 1074330; sixth, Miller Bros, on Villagers Cham-
pion 1052187; seventh, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Max-Mill Marmion
1027261; eighth, Dubes & Ohlson on Villagers Sunray 1107781; ninth, Geo.
F. Thede & Son on King Gainford 1104194; tenth, J. T. Judge on Roan
Sort 1095226; eleventh, Uppermill Farm on Villagers Morning 1084776;
twelfth, Perry O. Brown on White Joffre; thirteenth, J. G. Westrope on
Village Lustre 1094478; fourteenth, H. C. Lookabaugh on Maxhall Duthie
1058910; fifteenth, Edellyn Farms on Modesty King 1004573.
Senior Bull Calf ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $15, $15, $10,
$10, $10, $10) — First, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Max-Mill Bishop
1083180; second, H. C. Lookabaugh on Maxhall Acers 1093608; third,
Edellyn Farms on Smiling King 1085326; fourth, W. E. Graham & Sons
on Maxwalton Chief 1091832; fifth, A. C. Schallenberger on Ashbourne
Marshall; sixth, A. R. Fennern on Dale's Justice 1112399; seventh, Joseph
Miller & Sons on Oakdale Ornament; eighth, A. R. Fennern on Dale's
Gallant; ninth, W. W. Parkhill on Villager's Victor; tenth, Miller Bros,
on Villager's Paymaster 1111791; eleventh, Wm. Milne on Shadeland Gift;
twelfth, Hague & Girton on Revelanta Giftford; thirteenth, J. G. West-
rope on Maid's Villager 1094473; fourteenth, Miller Bros, on Villager's
Monarch 5th 1105950; fifteenth, H. O. Tellier on Superb Prince 1112621.
Junior Bull Calf ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20. $15, $15, $15, $15, $10,
$10, $10, $10) — First, Dubes & Ohlson on Shadow Lawn Goods 1110493;
second, Miller Bros, on Village Javelin III 111790; third, Joseph Miller
& Sons on Choice Again; fourth, Gallmeyer Bros, on Villager's Gloster
II 1088438; fifth, H. C. Lookabaugh on Maxhall Lord 1093609: sixth, Dubes
& Ohlson on Shadow Lawn Model 1110494; seventh, H. O. Tellier on Superb
Master 1112620; eighth, Edellyn Farms on Edellyn Nonsuch 1085323; ninth,
J. G. Westrope on Knights Villager 1094472; tenth, A. C. Schallenberger
on Ashbourne Squire; eleventh, Hague & Girton on Revelanta Villagift;
twelfth, Joseph Miller & Sons on Oakdale Champion; thirteenth, L. C.
Oloff on Golden Model 1105878; fourteenth, J. Kardel & Son on Bondsmans
Baronet 1110278; fifteenth, J. Kardel & Son on Baron Bondsman 1110277.
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10,
$10) — First, Wm. Milne on Crimson Lass 507129; second, H. C. Lookabaugh
on Pleasant Verne II 785225; third, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Max-
Mill Myrtle 857984; fourth, Joseph Miller & Sons on Cumberland Bess III
679935; fifth, Uppermill Farm on Victoria II 596467; sixth, J. Kardel &
Son on Parkdale Clipper IV 859796; seventh, Wm. Milne on Royal Lady;
218 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
eighth, F. D. Palmer & Sons on Lone Elm Victoria 863635; ninth, W. E.
Graham & Sons on Glendale Gwynne 595113; tenth, A. B. Amundson on
Bonnie Arabella 841152.
Cow With Own Calf by Side ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15) — First,
The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Clover Leaf Lovely II 476692; second,
Loveland Stock Farm on Silver Mist 765344; third, Wm. Milne on Nellie
Goods 581609; fourth, J. T. . Judge on Villgers Rosy 733692; fifth, Joseph
Miller & Sons on Miss Cumberland II 796142; sixth, Krizer Bros, on Bonnie
Girl 721016; seventh, W. O. Campbell on Mina Ramsdin 250425; eighth,
L. C. Oloff on Hampton's Beauty 796864.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20,
$15, $10, $10) — First, A. C. Shallenberger on Supremacy 836498; second, The
Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Max-Mill Lovely 949927; third, W. E. Graham
& Sons on Royal Goldie 866912; fourth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on
Max-Mill Susan 944929; fifth, Uppermill Farm on Villagers Sue III 925493;
sixth, J. G. Westrope on Fair Sultana V 950700; seventh, A. B. Amundson
on Knights Bettie 962186; eighth, H. C. Lookabaugh on Pleasant Clipper
995346; ninth, L. C. Oloff on Avons Dorothy 985107; tenth, A. B. Amundson
on Isabel's Blossom 938771.
Senior Yearling Heifer ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $15, $15,
$10, $10, $10, $10) — First, H. O. Tellier on Coronet Sultana 1034336; second,
C. E. Hoover & Son on Mysie Whitehall 979068; third, Joseph Miller &
Sons on Orange Blossom IX 1026009; fourth, A. C. Schallenberger on Siren
1009368; fifth, H. O. Tellier on Miss Dalbreak IV 1024969; sixth, W. F.
Rapp on Minorca Beauty 1105503; seventh, W. W. Parkhill on Gainfords
Sylvia 1010397; eighth, Uppermill Farm on Villagers Lustre 1045252; ninth,
A. R. Fennern on Jealous Maid II 1025253; tenth, Hopley Stock Farm on
Village Blossom III 989806; eleventh, W. E. Graham & Sons on Village
Bessie 1003582; twelfth, Edellyn Farms on Edellyn Jannet 1004578; thir-
teenth, H. C. Lookabaugh on Pleasant Maid 1046131; fourteenth, J. T
Judge 'on Sarcasm IV 1030428; fifteenth, L. C. Oloff on Lady Abarelle
1021936.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $15, $15,
$10, $10, $10, $10)— First, Miller Bros, on Village Rosebud 1026117; second,
Dubes & Ohlson on Shadow Lawn Maud 1000270; third, Joseph Miller &
Sons on Miss Cumberland III 1082533; fourth, J. G. Westrope on Village
Princess 1094485; fifth, F. D. Palmer & Sons on Lone Elm Florenna 1030169;
sixth, A. R. Fennern on Bramble Bud V 1025249; seventh, Edellyn Farms
on Edellyn Eliza II 1004577; eighth, Miller Bros, on Villagers Sue III
1010012; ninth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Max-Mill Secret 1027271;
tenth, Dubes & Ohlson on Lady Violet IX 1000266; eleventh, Perry O. Brown
on Cumberland Gem II; twelfth, A. C. Schallenberger on Meadow Blossom
1004225; thirteenth, H. C. Lookabaugh on Pleasant Victoria IV 1059383;
fourteenth, W. E. Graham & Sons on Maxwalton Princess 1089121; fifteenth,
W. E. Graham & Sons on Lady Radium 1083112.
Senior Heifer Calf ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $15, $15,
$10, $10, $10, $10)— First, Uppermill Farm on Bessie 33d; second, Edellyn
Farms on Edellyn Whimsical II 1085336; third, Joseph Miller & Sons on
Oakdale Mayflower VI; fourth. The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Max-
Mill Rosemary 1083186; fifth, Joseph Miller & Sons on Flower Cumberland
II 1082531; sixth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co. on Max-Mill Lady Annie
1083185; seventh, Miller Bros, on Bessie 84th 1105952; eighth, C. E. Hoover
& Son on Mysie Whitehall II; ninth, W. E. Graham & Sons on Maxwalton
Mary 1091842; tenth, H. C. Lookabaugh on Pleasant Gloster VI 1093610;
eleventh, J. T. Judge on Lady Sorters 1086365; twelfth, Edellyn Farms on
Edellyn Undine II 1102980; thirteenth, J. G. Westrope on Village Queen
1094486; fourteenth, H. O. Tellier on Fairdale Beauty 1112623; fifteenth,
Edellyn Farms on Edellyn Maid IV 1085333.
Senior Champion Bull ($75) — J. W. McDermott on Marshall Joffre.
Junior Champion Bull ($75) — Hopley Stock Farm on Beau's Stamp.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
219
MARSHALL JOFFRE
Grand Champion Shorthorn Bull. J. W. McDermott, Kahoka, Mo.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($75) — J. W. McDermott on Marshall
Joffre.
Senior Champion Female ($75) — A. C. Schallenberger on Supremacy.
Junior Champion Female ($75) — Miller Bros, on Village Rosebud.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($75) — A. C. Schallenberger on Supre-
macy.
Graded Herd ($90, $75, $70, $60, $50, $40, $30, $20, $15, $15)— First, The
Maxwell Miller Cattle Co.; second, Uppermill Farm; third, Joseph Miller
& Son; fourth, H. C. Lookabaugh; fifth, A. C. Schallenberger; sixth, J. G.
Westrope; seventh, Wm. Milne; eighth, W. E. Graham & Sons; ninth, H.
O. Tellier; tenth, A. B. Amundson.
Yearling Herd ($80, $65, $60, $50, $40, $30, $20, $15, $10, $10) — First, Dubes
& Ohlson; second, Miller Bros.; third, Hopley Stock Farm; fourth, Joseph
Miller & Sons; fifth, H. C. Lookabaugh; sixth, Edellyn Farms; seventh,
W. E. Graham & Sons; eighth, Uppermill Farm; ninth, J. G. Westrope;
tenth, A. R. Fennern.
Calf Herd ($80, $65, $60, $50, $40, $30, $20, $15, $10, $10)— First, Joseph
Miller & Sons; second, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co.; third, Edellyn Farms;
fourth, H. C. Lookabaugh; fifth, Dubes & Ohlson; sixth, W. E. Graham &
Sons; seventh, Uppermill Farm; eighth, A. R. Fennern; ninth, H. O. Tellier;
tenth, A. C. Schallenberger.
Get of Sire ($90, $75, $70, $60, $50, $40, $30, $20, $15, $15) — First, The
Maxwell Miller Cattle Co.; second, Dubes & Ohlson; third, Miller Bros.;
fourth, Edellyn Farms; fifth, Joseph Miller & Sons; sixth, Uppermill Farm;
seventh, J. W. McDermott; eighth, H. C. Lookabaugh; ninth, Hopley Stock
Farm; tenth, W. E. Graham.
Three Bulls, Any Age, Owned hy Exhibitor ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25,
$20, $15, $10, $10) — First, H. C. Lookabaugh; second, Dubes & Ohlson;
220 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
third, J. W. McDermott; fourth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co.; fifth,
Joseph Miller & Sons; sixth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co.; seventh,
Miller Bros.; eighth, W. E. Graham & Sons; ninth, Edellyn Farms; tenth,
Uppermill Farm.
Two Bulls, Any Age, Bred and Owned by Exhibitor ($75, $60, $50, $40,
$30, $25, $20, $15, $10, $10) — First, H. C. Lookabaugh; second. Dubes &
Ohlson; third, J. W. McDermott; fourth, The Maxwell Miller Cattle Co.;
fifth, Hopley Stock Farm; sixth, Uppermill Farm; seventh, Edellyn Farm.?;
eig-hth, Joseph Miller & Sons; ninth, Miller Bros.; tenth, Joseph Miller
& Sons.
IOWA SHORTHORN SPECIALS.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10) — First, S. P.
Hoover on Count Whitehall 788195; second, Wm. Milne on Cumberland
Marshall 8th; third, W. E. Graham on Maxwalton Pure Gold 2nd 69946;
fourth, L. C. Oloff on Avon's Mode 858930; fifth, W. W. Parkhill on Coronet
Villager; sixth, J. G. Westrope on Village Brigand 720685.
Bull Two Years, Under Three ($20, $15) — First, Uppermill Farm on Vil-
lager's Wanderer 978595; second, J. Kardel & Son on Parkdale Bondsman
956105.
Bull, Senior Yearling ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8) — First, Hopley Farm,
on Beau's Stamp 989787; second, Rookwood Farm on Rookwood Knight
993183; third, J. W. McDermott on Lavender Taft 1053384; fourth, W. E.
Graham on Village Champion 1003573; fifth, Hauge & Girton on Revelante
Crown 1007486; sixth, Krizer Bros, on Village Avondale 1003892.
Bull, Junior Yearling ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8) — First, Dubes &
Ohlson on Shadow Lawn Master 1000257; second, W. E. Graham on Vic-
tor's Excellence 1049695; third, Miller Bros, on Villager's Champion
1052187; fourth, Dubes & Ohlson on Villager's Sunray 1107781; fifth, Geo.
Thede & Son on King Gainford 1104194; sixth, J. T. Judge on Roan Sort
1095226; seventh, Uppermill Farm on Villagers Morning 1084776.
Bull, Senior Calf ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8)— First, W. E. Graham
on Maxwalton Chief 1091832; second, A. R. Fennern on Dale's Justice
1085326; third, A. R. Fennern on Dale's Gallant; fourth, W. W. Parkhill on
Villager's Victor; fifth, Miller Bros, on Village Paymaster 1111791; sixth.
Wm. Milne on Shadeland Gift; seventh, Hague & Girton on Revelanta
Giftford.
Bull, Junior Calf ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8) — First, Dubes & Ohlson
on Shadow Lawn Goods 1110493; second, Miller Bros, on Village Javelin
3rd 1111790; third, Gallmeyer Bros, on Villager's Gloster 2d 1088438;
fourth, Dubes & Ohlson on Shadow Lawn Model 1110494; fifth, J. G. West-
rope on Knights Villager 1094472; sixth, Hague & Girton on Revelanta
Villagift; seventh, L. C. Oloff on Golden Model 1105878.
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10)— First, Wm.
Milne on Crimson Lass 507129; second, Uppermill Farm on May Sulton
195670; third, J. Kardel & Son on Parkdale Clipper 4th 859796; fourth, Wm.
Milne on Royal Lady; fifth, F. D. Palmer & Son on Lone Elm Victoria
863635; sixth, W. E. Graham on Glendale Gwynne 595113.
Heifer Two Years, Under Three ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8) — First,
W. E. Graham on Royal Goldie 866912; second, Uppermill Farm on Vil-
lager's Sue III 925493; third, J. G. Westrope on Fair Sultana 5th 950700;
fourth, L. C. Oloff on Avons Dorothy 985107; fifth, Krizer Bros, on Mildred
Lavender 7th 900397; sixth, J. T. Judge on Nonpareil Mistress 995325;.
seventh, J. T. Judge on Princess Rose 995327.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8)— First, C. E.
Hoover on Mysie Whitehall 979068; second, W. M. Parkhill on Gainford's
Sylvia 1010397; third, Uppermill Farm on Villager's Lustre 1045252; fourth,
A. R. Fennern on Jealous Maid 2nd 1025253; fifth, Hopley Farm on Village
Blossom 3rd 989806; sixth, W. E. Graham on Village Bessie 1003582;
seventh, J. T. Judge on Sarcasm IV 1030428.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 221
MILKING SHORTHORNS.
Exhibitors — R. R. Clampitt, New Providence ; Hollandale Farms, Milton ;
Oakland Stock Farm, Lime Springs.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8) — First, Miller
Bros, on Village Rosebud 1026117; second, Dubes & Ohlson on Shadow
Lawn Maud 1000270; third, J. G. Westrope on \Tillage Princess 1094485;
fourth, F. D. Palmer on Lone Elm Florella 1030169; fifth, A. R. Fennern
on Bramble Bud 5th 1025249; sixth, Miller Bros, on Villager's Sue 3rd
1010012; seventh, Dubes & Ohlson on Lady Violet 9th 1000266.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8) — First, Uppermill Farm
on Bessie 33rd; second, Miller Bros, on Bessie 84th 1105952; third, C. E.
Hoover on Mysie Whitehall 2d; fourth, W. E. Graham on Maxwalton Mary
1091842; fifth, J. T. Judge on Lady Sortess 1086365; sixth, J. G. Westrope
on Village Queen 1094486; seventh, Dubes & Ohlson on Lady Swan 10th
1110496.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($20) — First, R. R. Clampitt on White
Prince 648027.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($20, $15) — First, Hollandale Farm
on Ireby Lord 926076; second, R. C. Clampitt on Daisy's Prince 1009382.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($20, $15, $10) — First, Hollandale
Farm on English King 1051142; second, Oaklawn Stock Farm on Peer of
Oaklawn 1008954; third, R. R. Clampitt on Edgewood Lad.
Bull Under One Year ($20, $15) — First, Hollandale Farm on Favorite;
second, R. R. Clampitt on Edgewood Dairyman.
Cow Five Years Old or Over, in Milk ($30, $20, $15, $10) — First, Oak-
lawn Stock Farm on Dairymaid 179439; second, R. R. Clampitt on Flor-
ence 199573; third, Hollandale Farm on Dairymaid 5th 615224; fourth, R.
R. Clampitt on Roan Duchess II 162090.
Cow Three Years Old and Under Five, in Milk ($30, $20, $15)— First,
Hollandale Farm on Dairymaid 24th 713841; second, R. R. Clampitt on
Florence II 714662; third, Oaklawn Stock Farm on Maxie of Oaklawn
843192.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($20, $15, $10)— First, Hollan-
dale Farm on Dorcas Clay 960826; second, R. R. Clampitt on Fairy Dale
900136; third, Oaklawn Stock Farm on Gem of Oaklawn 956573.
Heifer One Year Old and Under Two ($20, $15, $10, $10)— First, R. R.
Clampitt on Edgewood Duchess 1048722; second, Oaklawn Stock Farm on
Violet of Oaklawn 1076247; third, Hollandale Farm on Rosemaid II 1025844;
fourth, R. R. Clampitt on Princess Ellen 1081787.
Senior Heifer Calf ($20, $15, $10, $10) — First, Oaklawn Stock Farm on
Snowdrop of Oaklawn 1065900; second, Hollandale Farm on Waterloo
Queen; third, R. R. Clampitt on Princess Dora; fourth, Hollandale Farm
on Dairy Queen.
Senior Champion Bull ($20) — R. R. Clampitt on White Prince.
Junior Champion Bull ($20) — Hollandale Farm on English King.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($20) — R. R. Clampitt on White Prince.
Senior Champion Female ($20) — Oaklawn Stock Farm on Dairy Maid.
Junior Champion Female ($20) — Oaklawn Stock Farm on Snowdrop of
Oaklawn.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($20) — Oaklawn Stock Farm on
Dairy Maid.
Graded Herds ($40, $30) — First, R. R. Clampitt; second, Hollandale Farm.
Yearling Herd ($30) — R. R. Clampitt.
Calf Herd ($30, $25) — First, Hollandale Farms; second, R. R. Clampitt.
222 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Get of Sire ($40, $30, $20) — First, Hollandale Farm; second, R. R. Clamp-
itt; third, Oaklawn Stock Farm,
Three Cows, in Milk, Owned by Exhibitor ($35, $25) — First, Hollandale
farm; second, R. R. Clampitt.
Two Cows, in Milk, Bred and Owned by Exhibitor ($30) — Hollandale
Farm.
HEREFORDS.
Exhibitors — Earnest Abbe, Toledo ; B. H. Bishop, State Center ; W. N. W.
Blayney, Denver, Colo.; Mrs. V. M. Brazelton, Ankeny; E. M. Cassady &
Son, Whiting; P. M. Christenson, Lone Rock; Lloyd T. Coffey, Humeston;
Jesse Engle & Son, Sheridan, Mo.; Leonard Formanek, Chelsea; Ferguson
Bros., Canby, Minn.; Wallace & E. G. Good, Grandview, Mo.; T. M. Hayden,
Creston; Hall Bros., Stratford; Overton Harris & Sons, Harris, Mo.; Heath
& Pearson, Villisca; Joseph Kadolph, Eldora; John Landers, Springfield,
Mo.; C. M. Largent & Son, Merkel, Texas; La Vernet Stock Farm, Jackson,
Miss.; G. E. Leslie Estate, Memphis, Mo.; Letts & Turkington, Letts;
Thad. E. Mendenhall, Fairbury, Neb.; Wm. J. Niemeyer, West Point; W. A.
Pickering, Belton, Mo.; Robert Rogers, Union; J. Wesley Sherwood, Knox-
ville; Kermit Sherwood, Knoxville; Quentine Stowe, Ackley; G. M. Scott
& Son, Rea, Mo., Quiet Glenn Farm; L. J. Smith, 1016 Commerce Bldg.,
Kansas City, Mo.; Mary Jane Switzer, Independence, Mo.; Iver Thorsheine,
Radcliffe; J. E. Thompson. Martinsville, 111.; Terrace Lake Hereford Park,
Live Stock Exch. Bldg., Kansas City, Mo.; Turner Lumber & Investment
Co., Kansas City, Mo.; Roy Van Winkle, Webster City; Ed Wiese & Son,
Manning; W. L. Yost, Independence, Mo.
Judge C. P. Sorenson, Balaton, Minn.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($75, $60, $50. $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $15,
$15) — First, E. M. Cassady & Son on Good Stanway 2nd 826598; second,
O. Harris & Sons on Repeater 166th 743001; third, J. E. Thompson on Beau
Fairfax 719972; fourth, Ferguson Bros, on Lowden Fairfax 807321; fifth,
Heath & Pearson on Dandy Brae 16th 806421; sixth, John Landers on
Laurel Repeater 875479; seventh, John Landers on King Repeater 2nd
823808; eighth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on Laurel Paragon
873591; ninth, P. M. Christenson on Dale Grove 820441; tenth, Hall Bros,
on Rex Bullion 867642.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20,
$20, $15, $15)— First, W. L. Yost on Gay Braemore 884100; second, Mary
Jane Switzer on Perfect Dawn 914765; third, O. Harris & Sons on Re-
peater 266th 890891; fourth, O. Harris & Sons on Repeater 244th 862321;
fifth, Jesse Engle & Son on Echo Lad 269th 898937; sixth, Turner Lumber
and Investment Co. on Laurel Masterpiece 1003403; seventh, G. E. Leslie
Estate on Lord Dandy 4th 886590; eighth, John Landers on Repeater Jr.'s
Model 822922; ninth, Ferguson Bros, on Ellis Fairfax 880692; tenth, Roy
Van Winkle on Hawkeye Mystic 890604.
Senior Yearling Bull ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $15, $15) —
First, W. L. Yost on Bonnies Impression 987571; second, C. M. Largent &
Sons on Lovie's Lad 987389; third, O. Harris & Sons on Repeater 274th
985384; fourth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on Laurel Perfection 5th
989392; fifth, B. H. Bishop on Sir Dare 969479; sixth, J. E. Thompson on
Royal Fairfax 8th 988704; seventh, Ferguson Bros, on Russell L. Fairfax
990241; eighth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on Laurel Perfection
3rd 989397; ninth, P. M. Christenson & Son on Miss Lark's Gem 980931;
tenth, Ferguson Bros, on Wilbur Fairfax 990243.
Junior Yearling Bull ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $20, $15, $15,
$15, $15, $10, $10) — First, O. Harris' Sons on Repeater 283rd 985393; sec-
ond, W. L. Yost on Bonnie's Image 987570; third, Jesse Engle & Son on
Beau Blanchard 121st 995378; fourth, E. M. Cassady & Son on Domino
Stanway 1011029; fifth, C. M. Largent & Son on Kleberg Lad 3rd 1009741;
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 223
sixth, John Landers on King- Repeater 6th 1012302; seventh, Letts & Turk-
ington on Standard Dare 1040117; eighth, E. M. Cassady & Son on Don
Blanchard 1011030; ninth, Thad. E. Mendenhall on Imperial 2nd 993503;
tenth, G. E. Leslie Estate on Woodford Prince 4th 1013928; eleventh, Wal-
lace and E. G. Good on The Anxiety 9th 1003158; twelfth, Ferguson Bros,
on Richard Fairfax 125th 1077196; thirteenth, Roy Van Winkle on Cham-
pion 5th 997262; fourteenth, Terrace Lake Hereford Park on Bean Best Jr.
1090000; fifteenth, John Landers on King Repeater 10th 1012306.
Senior Bull Calf ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $20, $15, $15, $15,
$15, $10, $10) — First, C. M. Largent & Sons on La Vernet Lad 1085642;
second, Wallace and E. G. Good on Good Donald 42nd 1098929; third, Jesse
Engle & Son on Beau Blanchard 130th 1064223; fourth, J. E. Thompson on
Dale's Anxiety 1093101; fifth, Jesse Engle & Son on Beau Blanchard 133d
1092333; sixth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on Pride of Laurel
1096651; seventh, Ferguson Bros, on Richard Fairfax 129th; eighth, G. E.
Leslie Estate on Woodford Prince 8th 1099017; ninth, Ed Wiese & Son on
Rex Mischief Jr. 1083571; tenth, Letts & Turkington on Alton Incom
1088926; eleventh, Wm. J. Niemeyer on Springbrook Bud 1094356; twelfth,
Letts & Turkington on Royal Incom 1088947; thirteenth, Thad. E. Men-
denhall on Mischief Bond 1079589; fourteenth, G. E. Leslie Estate on
Woodford Prince 10th 1099019; fifteenth, Wm. J. Niemeyer on Springbrook
Dave 1094357.
Junior Bull Calf ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $20, $15, $15, $15,
$15, $10, $10) — First, W. L. Yost on Bonnie Brae 1094493; second, C. M.
Largent & Sons on Samson Lad 1114871; third, O. Harris & Sons on Re-
peater 323rd 1103295; fourth, C. M. Largent & Sons on Garfield Lad
1114857; fifth, Jesse Engle & Son on Beau Blanchard 135th 1117060; sixth,
Letts & Turkington on Healths Incom 1088938; seventh, O. Harris & Sons
on Repeater 320th 1092489; eighth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on
Laurel Conquerer 3rd; ninth, John Landers on King Repeater 15th 1092209;
tenth, Ferguson Bros, on Richard Fairfax 133d; eleventh, Thad. E. Men-
denhall on Imperials Image 1087604.
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $15,
$15) — First, C. M. Largent & Sons on France Lassie 685274; second, Wal-
lace & E. G. Good on Dora Donald 1044011; third, J. E. Thompson on Miss
Gay Lad 2nd 785124; fourth, O. Harris & Sons on Echo Less 51st 584338;
fifth, Jesse Engle & Son on Belle Blanchard 34th 623118; sixth, E. M. Cas-
sady & Son on Niobe Stanway 768277; seventh, Ferguson Bros, on Lady
Fairfax 663129; eighth, O. Harris & Sons on Miss Repeater 162d 763756;
ninth, T. M. Hayden on Lola 2nd; tenth, B. H. Bishop on Bessie 563972.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20,
$20, $15, $15) — First, Jesse Engle & Son on Mischievous 4th; second, Fer-
guson Bros, on Fairfax Maid 9th 886205; third, C. M. Largent & Sons on
Shadeland Jewel 5th 882938; fourth, Wallace and E. G. Good on Lady
Donald 33rd 902654; fifth, J. E. Thompson on Lady Fairfax 904986; sixth.
Heath & Pearson on Dandy Lass 11th 867865; seventh, O. Harris & Sons on
Miss Repeater 210th 890885; eighth, E. M. Cassady & Son on Niobe Stan-
way 2nd 853257; ninth, P. M. Christenson & Son on Miss Donald Brae
942661; tenth, Hall Bros, on Hazel Richards 980297.
Senior Yearling Heifer ($75, $60, $50, $40. $30, $25, $20, $20, $20, $15, $15,
$15, $15, $10, $10) — First, W. L. Yost on Bonnie Erling 987567; second,
Wallace & E. G. Good on Mixers Princess 975317; third, Terrace Lake Here-
ford Park on Yule Tide 2d 969228; fourth, C. M. Largent & Sons on Shade-
land Jewell 6th 987400; fifth, O. Harris & Sons on Miss Repeater 234th
985350; sixth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on Laurel Dorette 9893S8;
seventh, O. Harris & Sons on Miss Repeater 254th 985369; eighth, Ed. Wiese
& Son on Esther Mischief 988480; ninth, J. E. Thompson on Lady Fairfax 6th
988703; tenth, W. L. Yost on Bonnie Hampton 990184; eleventh, Heath &
Pearson on Dandy Lass 16th 98407; twelfth, Letts & Turkington on
Francis Incom 960063; thirteenth, Jesse Engle & Son on Belle Blanchard
224 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
108th 983535; fourteenth, Ferguson Bros, on Rosana Fairfax 950509;
fifteenth, Jesse Engle & Son on Belle Blanchard 111th 983538.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $20, $15, $15,
$15, $15, $10, $10) — First, Jesse Engle & Son on Belle Blanchard 112th
995379; second, W. L. Yost on Prim Lady 987598; third, Thad. E. Menden-
hall on Empress Onie 1052539; fourth, W. L. Yost on Bonnie Tulip 987576;
fifth, E. M. Cassady & Son on Donna Maude 1018655; sixth, O. Harris &
Sons on Miss Repeater 264th 985379; seventh, C. M. Largent & Sons on
Beauty Fairfax 4th 1009725; eighth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on
Laurel Dorette 6th 1007820; ninth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on
Laurel Dorette 5th 1007819; tenth, Ferguson Bros, on Fairfax Maid 17th
886205; eleventh, Terrace Lake Hereford Park on Donna Domino 1014785;
twelfth, Wm. J. Niemeyer on Incomparable Rose 1004697; thirteenth, Letts
& Turkington on Mildred Incom 998473; fourteenth, E. M. Cassady & Son
on Donna L. 1011033; fifteenth, Heath and Pearson on Villisca Elect 24th
1044146.
Senior Heifer Calf ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20, $20, $15, $15, $15,
$15, $10, $10) — First, W. L. Yost on Bonnie Sunshine 1094496; second, Jesse
Engle & Sons on Belle Blanchard 130th 1092330; third, Jesse Engle & Sons
on Belle Blanchard 123d 1094906; fourth, O. Harris & Sons on Miss Gay
Lad 175th 1090754; fifth, C. M. Largent & Sons on Lady Love 1114861;
sixth, O. Harris & Sons on Miss Repeater 287th 1090761; seventh, C. M.
Largent & Sons on Juliet Fairfax 2d 1085640; eighth, W. L. Yost on Maiden
Blush 1094517; ninth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co. on Laurel Belle
4th 1096643; tenth, Letts & Turkington on Pauline Incom 1088943; eleventh,
E. M. Cassady & Son on Donna Goldie 1087706; twelfth, G. E. Leslie Estate
on Lady Dandy 5th 1099015; thirteenth, Thad. E. Mendenhall on Empress
1st 1079584; fourteenth, Wallace & E. G. Good on Dora Best 1096162;
fifteenth, G. E. Leslie Estate on Annie Dandy 3rd 1099011.
Senior Champion Bull ($75) — W. L. Yost on Gay Braemore.
GAY BRAEMORE
Grand Champion Hereford Bull. W. L. Yost, Kansas City, Mo.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 225
Junior Champion, Bull ($75) — W. L. Yost on Bonnie's Impression.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($75) — W. L. Yost on Gay Braemore.
Senior Champion Female ($75) — C. M. Largent & Son on France Lassie.
Junior Champion Female ($75) — W. L. Yost on Bonnie Erling.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($75) — C. M. Largent & Son on
France Lassie.
Graded Herd ($90, $80, $75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20) — First, Jesse
Engle & Sons; second, E. M. Cassady & Son; third, O. Harris & Sons; fourth,
O. Harris & Sons; fifth, Ferguson Bros.; sixth, J. E. Thompson; seventh,
Wallace & E. G. Good; eighth, Heath & Pearson; ninth, Turner Lumber
& Investment Co.; tenth, Roy Van Winkle.
Yearling Herd ($80, $70, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10)— First,
W. L. Yost; second, Jesse Engle & Son; third, O. Harris & Sons; fourth,
E. M. Cassady & Son; fifth, C. M. Largent & Sons; sixth, W. L. Yost;
seventh, Ferguson Bros.; eighth, Thad. E. Mendenhall; ninth, Terrace Lake
Hereford Park; tenth, Letts & Turkington.
Calf Herd ($80, $70, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, W. L.
Yost; second, Jesse Engle & Son; third, C. M. Largent & Sons; fourth,
Thad. E. Mendenhall; fifth, O. Harris & Sons; sixth, G. E. Leslie Estate;
seventh, J. E. Thompson; eighth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co.; ninth,
Terrace Lake Hereford Park; tenth, Letts & Turkington.
Get of Sire ($90, $80, $75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $20) — First, W. L.
Yost; second, E. M. Cassady & Son; third, Jesse Engle & Son; fourth, O.
Harris & Sons; fifth, W. L. Yost; sixth, C. M. Largent & Son; seventh,
John Landers; eighth, Ferguson Bros.; ninth, Thad. E. Mendenhall; tenth,
Letts & Turkington.
Three Bulls, Any Age, Owned by Exhibitor ($75, $60, $50, $40, $30, $25,
$20, $20, $15, $15) — First, E. M. Cassady & Son; second, W. L. Yost; third,
O. Harris & Sons; fourth, Jesse Engle & Son; fifth, C. M. Largent & Sons;
sixth, Ferguson Bros.; seventh, J. E. Thompson; eighth, John Landers;
ninth, Turner Lumber & Investment Co.; tenth, Letts & Turkington.
Two Bulls, Any Age, Bred and Owned by Exhibitor ($75, $60, $50, $40,
$30, $25, $20, $20, $15, $15) — First, W. L. Yost; second, E. M. Cassady &
Son; third, O. Harris & Sons; fourth, Jesse Engle & Sons; fifth, O. Harris
& Sons; sixth, C. M. Largent & Son; seventh, W. L. Yost; eighth, C. M.
Largent & Son; ninth, C. G. Leslie Estate; tenth, Letts & Turkington.
IOWA HEREFORD SPECIALS.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($15, $12, $10, $10) — First, E. M. Cassady &
Son on Good Stan way 2d 826598; second, Heath & Pearson on Dandy Brae
16th 806421; third, P. M. Christenson & Son on Dale Grove 820441; fourth,
Hall Bros, on Rex Bullion 867642.
Bull Two Years, Under Three ($15, $12, $10, $10, $10)— First, Jesse Engle
& Son on Echo Lad 269th 888937; second, Roy Van Winkle on Hawkeye
Mystic 890604; third, Wm. J. Niemeyer on Beau Repeater 937459; fourth,
B. H. Bishop on Dismoras Lad 2nd 876349; fifth, P. M. Christenson & Son
on Dandy Brae 907294.
Bull, Senior Yearling ($15, $12, $10) — First, B. H. Bishop on Sir Brae
969479; second, P. M. Christenson & Son on Miss Lark's Gem 980931; third,
B. H. Bishop on Dewey Dismora 988285.
Bull, Junior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8) — First, Jesse Engle &
Son on Beau Blanchard 121 995378; second, E. M. Cassady & Son on
Domino Stanway 1011029; third, Letts & Turkington on Standard Dare
1040117; fourth, E. M. Cassady & Son on Don Blanchard 1011030; fifth,
Roy Van Winkle on Champion 5th 997262; sixth, Heath & Pearson on Dandy
Brae 24th 1014228.
Bull, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8, $8) — First, Jesse Engle &
Son on Beau Blanchard 130 1064223; second, Jesse Engle & Son on Beau
Blanchard 133d 1092333; third, Ed Wiese & Son on Rex Mischief Jr.
15
226 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
1083571; fourth, Letts & Turkington on Alton Incom 1088926; fifth, Wm.
J. Niemeyer on Springbrook Bud 1094356; sixth, Letts & Turkington on
Royal Incom 1088947; seventh, Wm. J. Niemeyer on Springbrook Dove
1094357.
Bull, Junior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8) — First, Jesse Engle & Son
on Beau Blanchard 13th 1117060; second, Letts & Turkington on Heaths
Incom 1088938; third, Ed Wiese & Son on Real Rex Mischief 1110914;
fourth, Heath & Pearson on New Year's Gift, 1090515; fifth, P. M. Chris-
tenson & Son on Successful Grove; sixth, B. H. Bishop on Bishop's Bride
1115907.
Cow Three Years or Over ($15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8, $8) — First, Jesse"
Engle & Son on Belle Blanchard 34th 623118; second, E. M. Cassady & Son
on Niobe Stanway 768277; third, T. M. Hayden on Lola 2nd 781012; fourth,
B. H. Bishop on Bessie 563972; fifth, Roy Van Winkle on Miss Beau Donald
712725; sixth, Heath & Pearson on Dandy Lass 809419; seventh, Wm. J.
Niemeyer on Lucille 541248.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($15. $12, $10, $10, $10, $8, $8) —
First, Jesse Engle & Son on Mischievous 4th; second, Heath & Peterson
on Dandy Lass 11th 867865; third, E. M. Cassady & Son on Niobe Stan-
way 2nd 853257; fourth, P. M. Christenson & Son on Miss Donald Brae
942661; fifth, Hall Bros, on Hazel Richards 980297; sixth, Ed Wiese &
Son on Loa's Mischief 883113; seventh, Heath & Peterson on Dandy Lass
15th 947119.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8, $8) — First, Ed Wiese
& Son on Esther Mischief 988480; second, Heath & Pearson on Dandy Lass
16th 984907; third, Letts & Turkington on Francis Incom 960663; fourth,
Jesse Engle & Son on Belle Blanchard 108th ,983535; fifth, Jesse Engle &
Son on Bell Blanchard 111th 983538; sixth, Letts & Turkington on Ambert
Incom 960055; seventh, Ed Wiese & Son on Sparkle Mischief 988485.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10,. $10, $8, $8) — First, Jesse
Engle & Son on Belle Blanchard 112th 995379; second, E. M. Cassady &
Son on Dona Maud 1018655; third, Wm. J. Niemeyer on Incomparable Rose
1004697; fourth, Letts & Turkington on Mildred Incom 998473; fifth, E. M.
Cassady & Son on Donna L. 1011033; sixth, Heath & Pearson on Villisca
Elect 24th 1044156; seventh, Heath & Pearson on Maples Bond Lass
1014299.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $8, $8) — First, Jesse Engle &
Son on Belle Blanchard 130th 1092330; second, Jesse Engle & Son on Belle
Blanchard 123d 1094906; third, Letts & Turkington on Pauline Incom
1088943; fourth, E. M. Cassady & Son on Donna Goldie 1087706; fifth, Ed
Wiese & Son on Madam Rex 11110913; sixth, Jesse Engle & Son on Belle
Blanchard 131st 1117061; seventh, Wm. J. Niemeyer on Springbrook Pet
1094360.
ABERDEEN ANGUS.
Exhibitors — Leonard Abbe, Toledo ; Frank Abbe, Toledo ; Lawrence Aves,
Melbourne; Darrel Bacon, Toledo; Matt Baker, Mitchellville; R. R. Blake
& Sons, Dallas Center; Joseph Caputo, Marshalltown; Robert Collins, Lis-
comb; Bertha Donnen, Melbourne; Mary Donnen, Melbourne, Laura Daw-
son, Washta; Escher & Ryan, Irwin; John H. Fitch, Lake City; Ralph Freel,
Runnells; R. W. Frank, Renwick; John H. Gibbons, North English; Russell
Hayward, Dysart; Hess & Brown, Waterloo; Earl Houston, Tama; Carl
Huston, Tama; Kemp Bros., Marion; W. A. Kirschbaum, Defiance; Earl
Korns, Hartwick; Nelson Korns, Hartwick; P. J. Leahy, Parnell; Emery
H. Lee, Avoca; A. G. Messer, Grundy Center; Orville Neville, Malcom; Clark
Plummer, Marshalltown; Lester Plummer, Marshalltown; Carl E. Rosenfeld,
Kelley; Virgil Sherwood, Hartwick; J. Garrett Tolan, Farmingdale, 111.;
C. W. Wurzbacker, Marion.
Judge A. C. Binnie, Chester, Iowa.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 227
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, P. J.
Leahy on Black Star Atlas 244282; second, Escher & Ryan on Blackcap
Baton 283593; third, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Erona Dan 281886; fourth, John
H. Gibbons on Everwise of G. 2nd 3006008; fifth, J. Garrett Tolan on Eileen-
mere 4th 251504; sixth, W. A. Kirschbaum on Elation K 283793.
Bull Two Years Old, Under Three ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First,
Escher & Ryan on Black Marshall 5th 321834; second, John H. Fitch on
Besto 302443; third, R. R. Blake & Sons on Sensation 'B" 320651; fourth,
P. J. Leahy on Electo 2nd 334372; fifth, Hess & Brown on Eckland 2d of
Quietdale 318947; sixth, Roy W. Frank on Edor 2nd 342002.
Senior Yearling Bull ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15) — First, Kemp Bros, on
Black Belmore 336163; second, Hess & Brown on Bertrand of Quietdale
329884; third, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Elixir Earl 333418; fourth, J. Garrett
Tolan on Estimation 331760; fifth, Emery H. Lee on Blackcap Ed.
Junior Yearling Bull ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $10, $10, $10, $10) —
First, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Eventuation 337989; second, Kemp Bros, on
Berman of Glenrock 331306; third, A. G. Messer on Blackcap Briand
352286; fourth, P. J. Leahy on Elberson 2d 340178; fifth, R. W. Frank on
Estaban 342007; sixth, J. Garrett Tolan on Tar Baby C. 328917; seventh,
John H. Fitch on Blackcap Burtis 344323; eighth, A. G. Messer on Ennet
B. 352288; ninth, A. G. Messer on Blue Capper 338324; tenth, Orville
Neville on Black Beston 349454.
Senior Bull Calf ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $10, $10, $10, $10) — First,
P. J. Leahy on Banbridge; second. Escher & Ryan on Evolution Marshall
351893; third, Escher & Ryan on Evolution Marshall 351891; fourth, John
H. Fitch on Entiner 344344; fifth, A. G. Messer on Black Bellen 353125;
sixth, J. Garrett Tolan on Permit 9th 352761; seventh, Escher & Ryan on
Earl Marshall 5th 351890; eighth, Escher & Ryan on King Marshall; ninth,
A. G. Messer on Quimbus M. 353123; tenth, R. R. Blake & Sons on Prid-
mere.
Junior Bull Calf ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $10) — First, Escher & Ryan
on Blackcap Marshall 10th 351903; second, R. W. Frank on Estonians Equal
351433; third, A. G. Messer on Black Baron B. 2nd 353134; fourth, Carl E.
Rosenfeld on Electron 352610; fifth, Kemp Bros, on Berman of Glenrock
2nd; sixth, J. Garrett Tolan on Blackcapmere 2nd 352765; seventh, P. J.
Leahy on Erdmann.
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Escher
& Ryan on Barbara Brownell 3rd 273206; second, John H. Fitch on Black
Violet Bonnie 231554; third, Hess & Brown on Edifice of Laggan 8th
263157; fourth, R. R. Blake & Sons on Blackbird of Dallas 220257; fifth,
Carl E. Rosenfeld on Barbara Beeh 202473; sixth, P. J. Leahy on Glen-
mede Blackbird 21st 235646.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10) —
First, Hess & Brown on Blackbird of Quietdale 92 318955; second, Kemp
Bros, on Queen's Viola K. 306800; third, Escher & Ryan on Pride Protest
6th 321847; fourth, R. W. Frank on Erica Enlate 336529; fifth, J. Garrett
Tolan on Enchanteffie 294067; sixth, Escher & Ryan on Barbara McHenry
36th 321853.
Senior Yearling Heifer ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, John H. Fitch
on Queen Quixie 329755; second, Escher & Ryan on Pride Protest 7th
336532; third, Hess & Brown on Blackcap of Quietdale 13 329878; fourth,
R. W. Frank on Ethelda; fifth, Escher & Ryan on Erica Energy 12th
336531; sixth, J. Garrett Tolan on Purda 5th 331758.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $10, $10, $10, $10) —
First, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Blackbird Berite 337990; second, Carl E. Ros-
enfeld on Melba 338103; third, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Blackcap McHenry
156th 352606; fourth, Hess & Brown on Elopsis of Quietdale 4th 329886;
fifth, R. W. Frank on Esther Blackbird 342297; sixth, Emery H. Lee on
Enviette; seventh, A. G. Messer on Blackbird 22 of Cedmer 338325; eighth,
228
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
John H. Fitch on Prentice Pride 329761; ninth, A. G. Messer on Bluecap
Lady 338326; tenth, P. J. Leahy on Edlan.
Senior Heifer Calf ($40, $30, $25, $20, $15, $15, $10, $10, $10, $10) — First,
A. G. Messer on Black Eyes of Cedmer 353124; second, Escher & Ryan on
Barbara McHenry 39th 351895; third, R. W. Frank on Elva; fourth, J.
Garrett Tolan on Mihaley 352762; fifth, A. G. Messer on Blackbird Ena
353130; sixth, Escher & Ryan on Erica Energy 16th 351892; seventh, Carl
E. Rosenfeld on Blackbird Jimmy 3rd 352609; eighth, P. J. Leahy on
Exinyes; ninth, John H. Fitch on Evadell 344325; tenth, Carl E. Rosenfeld
on Evea 352607.
Senior Champion Bull ($35) — Escher & Ryan on Black Marshall 5th
321834.
Junior Champion Bull ($35) — Carl A. Rosenfeld on Eventuation 337989.
BLACK MARSHALL 5th
Grand Champion Angus Bull. Escher & Ryan, Irwin, Iowa.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($35) — Escher & Ryan on Black Marshall
5th 321834.
Senior Champion Female ($35) — Hess & Brown on Black Bird of Quiet-
dale 92d 318955.
Junior Champion Female ($35) — Carl E. Rosenfeld on Blackbird Bestie
337990.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($35) — Hess & Brown on Blackbird
of Quietdale 92d 318955.
Graded Herd ($50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $15) — First, Escher & Ryan; second,
P. J. Leahy; third, John H. Fitch; fourth, Carl E. Rosenfeld; fifth, Hess
& Brown; sixth, J. Garrett Tolan.
Yearling Herd ($40, $35, $30, $25, $20, $15) — First, Carl E. Rosenfeld;
second, Hess & Brown; third, John H. Fitch; fourth, Kemp Bros.; fifth,
A. G. Messer; sixth, P. J. Leahy.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 229
Calf Herd ($40, $35, $30, $25, $20, $15) — First, Escher & Ryan; second,
A. G. Messer; third, P. J. Leahy; fourth, Escher & Ryan; fifth, John H.
Fitch; sixth, R. W. Frank.
Get of Sire ($50, $40, $35, $25, $20, $15) — First, Escher & Ryan; second,
Carl E. Rosenfeld; third, A. G. Messer; fourth, R. W. Frank; fifth, P. J.
Leahy; sixth, Escher & Ryan.
Three Bulls, Any Age, Owned by Exhibitor ($40, $35, $30, $25, $20, $15) —
First, Escher & Ryan; second, P. J. Leahy; third, Carl E. Rosenfeld;
fourth, John H. Fitch; fifth, Kemp Bros.; sixth, Hess & Brown.
Two Bulls, Any Age, Bred and Owned by Exhibitor ($40, $30, $25, $25,
$20, $15) — First, Escher & Ryan; second, Hess & Brown; third, Carl E.
Rosenfeld; fourth, R. R. Blake & Sons; fifth, P. J. Leahy; sixth, John
H. Fitch.
POLLED SHORTHORNS.
Exhibitors — S. B. Hudson & Son, Knoxville ; P. C. and J. J. Knudson, Grundy
Center; Leeman Stock Farm, Hoopston, 111.; Lloyd Loonan, Waterloo;
S. W. Stewart & Son, Kennard, Neb.; H. C. Stork, Tekamah, Neb.; Wahl
Bros., St. Olaf.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($20, $15, $10, $8, $5)— First, Leeman
Stock Farm on Ceremonies Sultan 17402; second, S. W. Stewart & Son on
Belles Lavender 2113; third, Wahls Bros, on Royal Villager x20220; fourth,
S. B. Hudson & Son on Amity Champion 14613; fifth, Nelson Bros, on
Uneeda Count X22901.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($20, $15) — First, Wahls Bros, on
Royal Knight 2d X22347; second, Lloyd Loonan on Scotch Loch Dale Jr.
X24276.
Senior Yearling Bull ($20) — First, Lloyd Loonan on Scotch Dale Leader.
Junior Yearling Bull ($20, $15, $10 — First, Leeman Stock Farm on Cere-
monious Lord 1083074; second, Leeman Stock Farm on Lee Dale Type
24292; third, S. W. Stewart & Son on Bell Boy 25164.
Senior Bull Calf ($20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Leeman Stock Farm on
Ceremonious Count; second, Lloyd Loonan on Scotty Type; third, Wahls
Bros, on Craibstone Villager X25126; fourth, Wahls Bros, on Rosebud
Villager x25128; fifth, S. B. Hudson & Son on Mint Master 2d.
Junior Bull Calf ($20, $15) — First, S. W. Stewart & Son on Long Laven-
der 25165; second, Lloyd Loonan on Royal Dale.
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($20, $15, $10, $8, $6) — First, Leeman Stock
Farm on Lee Dale Mayflower 3rd x4600; second, Wahls Bros, on Royal
Jenny x6930; third, S. W. Stewart & Son on Artful Lassie 4397; fourth,
S. B. Hudson & Son on Duchess of Gloster 82d; fifth, Lloyd Loonan on
Roany Royal x2688.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($20, $15, $10, $8, $6)— First,
S. B. Hudson & Son on Lady Lois 12865; second, Leeman Stock Farms on
Queen of Scots xll567; third, S. W. Stewart & Son on Rouald Elizabeth
9549; fourth, S. W. Stewart & Son on Royal Belle 9548; fifth, Leeman Stock
Farm on Lee Dale Rosemary 3rd xll562.
Senior Yearling Heifer ($20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, S. W. Stewart & Son
on Royal Cowslip 11709; second, Leeman Stock Farm on Ceremonious
Queen xl3174; third, S. B. Hudson & Son on Highland Belle 12864; fourth.
S. B. Hudson & Son on Modest Lady 12866; fifth, Lloyd Loonan on Scotch
Dale Minorca.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($20, $15, $10, $8, $5)— First, S. W. Stewart &
Son on Artful Lass 11801; second, S. W. Stewart & Son on Lavender Rose
1069188; third, Leeman Stock Farm on Ceremonious Maid xl3173; fourth,
Lloyd Loonan on Scotch Dale Flower; fifth, Z. T. Dunham & Sons on
Mollie 14049.
230 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Senior Heifer Calf ($20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Wahls Bros, on Village
Blossom xl4302; second, Leeman Stock Farm on Ceremonious Rose; third,
Lloyd Loonan on 69th Dutchess of Gloster; fourth, S. W. Stewart & Son
on Cowslip Royal 14357; fifth, Lloyd Loonan on Minorca Junior.
Senior Champion Bull ($5) — Leeman Stock Farm on Ceremonious Sultan.
Junior Champion Bull ($5) — S. W. Stewart & Son on Long- Lavender.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($10) — Leeman Stock Farm on Cere-
monious Sultan.
Senior Champion Female ($5) — Leeman Stock Farm on Lee Dae May-
flower.
Junior Champion Female ($5) — S. W. Stewart & Son on Royal Cowslip.^
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($10) — Leeman Stock Farm on Lee
Dae Mayflower.
Graded Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Leeman Stock Farm; second, S.
W. Stewart & Son; third, Wahls Bros.; fourth, S. B. Hudson & Son.
Yearling Herd ($25, $20, $15) — First, S. W. Stewart & Son; second, Lee-
man Stock Farm; Ohird, Lloyd Loonan.
Calf Herd ($25, $20, $15) — First, Lloyd Loonan; second, Leeman Stock
Farm; third, S. W. Stewart & Son.
Get of Sire ($25, $20, $15. $10) — First, Leeman Stock Farm; second, S.
W. Stewart & Son; third, Leeman Stock Farm; fourth, S. W. Stewart & Son.
Three Bulls, Any Age, Owned by Exhibitor ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First,
Leeman Stock Farm; second, S. W. Stewart & Son; third, Wahls Bros.*
fourth, Lloyd Loonan.
Two Bulls, Any Age, Bred and Owned by Exhibitor ($25, $20, $15, $10) —
First, Leeman Stock Farm; second, S. W. Stewart & Son; third, Lloyd
Loonan; fourth, Lloyd Loonan.
RED POLLED.
Exhibitors — J. F. Gilbert, Earlham ; Geo. Haussler & Sons, Holbrook, Neb. ;
J. W. Larabee, Earlville, 111.; Paul C. Larson & Son, Wolbach, Neb.; H. P.
Olson, Altona, 111.; L. J. Palas, St. Olaf; Roger Van Evera, Davenport.
Judge A. P. Arp, Eldridge, Iowa.
Bull Three Years Old and Over ($25, $18, $14) — First, Geo. Haussler &
Sons on National Type 37498; second, Paul C. Larsen & Son on Royal Dude
31735; third, L. J. Palas on Stone Wall Robert 38095.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $18, $14, $10) — First, L. J.
Palas on Rebina's Marham 40142; second, I. W. Larabee on Harry Charmer
40346; third, Roger Van Evera on Enterprise 39840; fourth, H. P. Olson
on Corporal 41246.
Senior Yearling Bull ($25, $18, $14) — First, Roger Van Evera on Elgin
41496; second, L. J. Palas on Stone Wall Sailor 42335; third, H. P. Olson
on William Charmer 42201.
Junior Yearling Bull ($25, $18, $14, $10) — First, J. W. Larabee on Teddy's
Boy 42206; second, Geo. Haussler & Sons on Willie Charmer 43501; third,
Paul C. Larsen & Son on Fae 42229; fourth, Roger Van Evera on Amy's
Imperial.
Senior Bull Calf ($25, $18. $14, $10, $5) — First, L. J. Palas on S. W.
Dafter 43985; second, Geo. Haussler & Sons on Ideal Beau 43880; third,
H. P. Olson on Great Teddy 43845; fourth, L. J. Palas on S. W. St. Paul
43951; fifth, Geo. Haussler & Sons on Ideal Leader 43879.
Junior Bull Calf ($25, $18, $14, $10, $5) — First, J. W. Larabee on Cyrus
Charmer 43919; second, Geo. Haussler & Sons on Ideal's Charmer 43932;
third, Paul C. Larsen & Son on Radio Royal 43863; fourth, H. P. Olson on
Charmer Boy 43983; fifth, L. J. Palas on S. W. Marham's Guard 43956.
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($25, $18, $14, $10, $5) — First, L. J. Palas
on Sally 44562; second, J. W. Larabee on Lady Neckton 44743; third, H. P.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 231
Olson on Queen Luna 55406; fourth, Paul C. Larsen & Son on Lorraine
Dude 52440; fifth, Geo. Haussler & Sons on N. Mable 46118.
Heifer Two Years Old, Under Three ($25, $18, $14, $10, $5) — First, Geo.
Haussler & Sons on U. Ruby Rose 3rd 55701; second, J. W. Larabee on
Clara 56952; third, Geo. Haussler & Sons on U. Lady Netta 2nd 58479;
fourth, L. J. Palas on Selma 57271; fifth, Roger Van Evera on Etta
56296.
Senior Yearling Heifer ($25, $18, $14, $10, $5) — First, Geo. Haussler &
Sons on U. Dortha 3rd 58479; second, J. W. Larabee on Winnie Charmer
59352; third, Paul C. Larsen on Sheba 59170; fourth, L. J. Palas on Delvina
59522; fifth, Roger Van Evera on Aleda's Sunbeam 2nd 58361.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($25, $18, $14, $10, $5) — First, Geo. Haussler &
Sons on U. Mockingbird 59255; second, Paul C. Larsen & Son on Margaret
Lassie 59172; third, J. W. Larabee on Tulip Charmer 59363; fourth, H. P.
Olson on Lady Marham 61119; fifth, Geo. Haussler & Sons on Upland Topsy
Girl 59929.
Senior Heifer Calf ($25, $18, $14, $10, $5) — First, H. P. Olson on Leona
Charmer 61819; second, Geo. Haussler & Sons on Upland Susie Ann 61867;
third, J. W. Larabee on Belva Charmer 61934; fourth, Paul C. Larsen &
Son on O. K. Blossom 61799; fifth, L. J. Palas on S. W. Show Girl 61973.
Senior Champion Bull ($10) — L. J. Palas on Rebina's Marham.
Junior Champion Bull ($10) — J. W. Larabee on Teddy's Boy.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($10) — J. W. Larabee on Teddy's Boy.
Senior Champion Female ($10) — L. J. Palas on Sally.
Junior Champion Female ($10) — Geo. Haussler & Son on U. Dorotha 3rd.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($10) — L. J. Palas on Sally.
Graded Herd ($30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Geo. Haussler & Sons; sec-
ond, L. J. Palas; third, J. W. Larabee; fourth, Paul C. Larsen & Son;
fifth, Roger Van Evera.
Yearling Herd ($25, $20, $18, $14, $10)— First, J. W. Larabee; second,
Geo. Haussler & Sons; third, Roger Van Evera; fourth, L. J. Palas; fifth,
Paul C. Larsen & Son.
Calf Herd ($25, $20, $18, $14)— First, Geo. Haussler & Sons; second, L. J.
Palas; third, H. P. Olson; fourth, Paul C. Larsen & Son.
Get of Sire ($30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Geo. Haussler & Sons; second,
J. W. Larabee; third, Paul C. Larsen & Son; fourth, Roger Van Evera;
fifth, Geo. Haussler & Sons.
Three Bulls, Any Age, Owned hy Exhibitor ($25, $20, $18, $14, $10) — i
First, J. W. Larabee; second, Geo. Haussler & Sons; third, Paul C. Larsen
& Son; fourth, L. J. Palas; fifth, Roger Van Evera.
Two Bulls, Any Age, Owned by Exhibitor ($25, $20, $18, $14, $10) — First,
J. W. Larabee; second, Geo. Haussler & Sons; third, L. J. Palas; fourth,
J. W. Larabee; fifth, Roger Van Evera.
IOWA RED POLLED SPECIALS.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($10) — First, L. J. Palas on Stone Wall
Robert 38095.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($10, $8) — First, L. J. Palas on
Rebina's Marham 40142; second, Roger Van Evera on Enterprise 39840.
Bull, Senior Yearling ($10, $8) — First, Robert Van Evera on Elgin 41496;
second, L. J. Palas on Stone Wall Sailor 42335.
Bull, Junior Yearling ($10) — First, Roger Van Evera on Amyi Imperial.
Bull, Senior Calf ($10, $8, $6)— First, L. J. Palas on S. W. Dafter 43985;
second, L. J. Palas on S. W. St. Paul 43951; third, Roger Van Evera on
Adair.
Bull, Junior Calf ($10) — First, L. J. Palas on S. W. Marham's Guard
43956.
232 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($10, $8, $6) — First, L. J. Palas on Sally
44562; second, L. J. Palas on Dazzle 44563; third, Roger Van Evera on
Easter Duchess 50144.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, L. J.
Palas on Selma 57271; second, Roger Van Evera on Etta 56296; third,
L. J. Palas on Sabina 58265; fourth, Roger Van Evera on Molly 56295,
Heifer, Senior Yearling: ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, L. J. Palas on Delivina
59522; second, Roger Van Evera on Alda's Sunbeam 22d 59361; third, L. J.
Palas on Dolly 59523; fourth, Roger Van Evera on Esther 58362.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($10, $8) — First, J. F. Gilbert on Prue 60958;
second, Roger Van Evera on Isabelle 58374.
Heifer, Senjor Calf ($10, $8, $6)— First, L. J. Palas on S. W. Show Girl
61973; second, L. J. Palas on S. W. Sheba 61970; third, Roger Van Evera
on Betty.
GALLOWAY.
Exhibitors — H. Croft, Anthony, Kans. ; H. L. Fluke, Bath, S. D.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
Bull Three Years Old or Over ($15, $10, $8) — First, H. L. Fluke on Car-
lota's Cornot 44729; second, H. Croft on Idol Worthy 46509; third, H. Croft
on Mendota 43138.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($15, $10, $8) — First, H. L. Fluke
on Cornot Jr. 46203; second, H. Croft on Haida's Optimist 46114; third,
H. Croft on Helen's Othello 46415.
Senior Yearling Bull ($15, $10) — First, H. Croft on Carnot of M. L. 47416;
second, H. L. Fluke on King Cornot 47910.
Junior Yearling Bull ($15, $10, $8, $5) — First, H. L. Fluke on Ben Cornot
47904; second, H. Croft on John of M. L. 47418; third, H. L. Fluke on Fred
Cornot 47904; fourth, H. Croft on Jo of M. L. 47420.
Senior Bull Calf ($15, $10) — First, H. L. Fluke on Tri State Wonder 48528;
second, H. Croft on Jim of M. L. 48291.
Junior Bull Calf ($15, $10)— First, H. L. Fluke on Andy of F. F. 48525;
second, H. Croft on Bob of M. L. 48390.
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($15, $10, $8) — First, H. L. Fluke on Caro-
lota of M. L. 45987; second, H. Croft on Clara Cola 46408; third, H. Croft
on Ora of M. L. 43441.
Heifer, Two Years Old and Under Three ($15, $10) — First, H. Croft on
Cora Cola 47541; second, H. L. Fluke on Lady Florence of F. F. 47905.
Senior Yearling Heifer ($15, $10) — First, H. L. Fluke on Fern of F. F.
47900; second, H. Croft on Bell of M. L. 47133.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($15, $10) — First, H. L. Fluke on Juanita of F. F.
47898; second, H. Croft on Pearl of M. L. 47341.
Senior Heifer Calf ($15, $10, $8, $5) — First, H. L. Fluke on Min of F. F.
48531; second, H. Croft on Nellie of M. L. 49361; third, H. L. Fluke on Ina
May of F. F. 48532; fourth, H. Croft on May of M. L. 49362.
Senior Champion Bull ($5) — H. L. Fluke on Carlota's Cornot.
Junior Champion Bull ($5) — H. L. Fluke on Ben Cornot.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($10) — H. L. Fluke on Carlota's Cornot.
Sen,ior Champion Female ($5) — H. L. Fluke on Carlota of M. L.
Junior Champion Female ($5) — H. L. Fluke on Min of F. F.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($10) — H. L. Fluke on Carlota of M.
L.
Graded Herd ($20, $15) — First, H. L. Fluke; second, H. Croft.
Yearling Herd ($20, $15) — First, H. L. Fluke; second, H. Croft.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 233
Calf Herd ($20, $15, $10) — First, H. L. Fluke; second, H. Croft; third,
H. L. Fluke.
Get of Sire ($20, $15, $10) — First, H. L. Fluke; second, H. L. Fluke; third,
H. Croft.
Three Bulls, Any Age, Owned by Exhibitor ($18, $15, $8) — First, H. L.
Fluke; second, H. L. Fluke; third, H. Croft.
Two Bulls, Any Age, Bred and Owned by Exhibitor ($18, $15, $8) — First,
H. L. Fluke; second, H. Croft; third, H. L. Fluke.
HOLSTEINS.
Exhibitors — Garrie R. Bishop ; Board of Control, State Institution, Anamosa ;
Board of Control, State Institution, Cherokee; Board of Control, State
Institution, Clarinda; Board of Control, State Institution, Eldora; Board
of Control, State Institution, Independence; Board of Control, State Insti-
tution, Mt. Pleasant; Board of Control, State Institution, Woodward; Cerro
Gordo Farms, Mason City; E. J. Erickson, Cambridge; Hargrove & Arnold,
Norwalk; Iowana Farms, Davenport; H. O. Larsen, Dike; E. H. Maytag,
Newton; Union College, College View, Neb.
Judge J. B. Irwin, Minneapolis, Minn.
Bull Four Years or Over ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Corwin Farms on
King Korndyke Sadie Vale Pietertje 212333; second, Board of Control, Mt.
Pleasant on Wolfspring Sethje Mooie Pontiac H. B. 182020; third, H. O.
Larsen on Sir Ragapple Pasch; fourth, Board of Control, Independence,
on Colantha Wayne Ormsby 239246.
Bull Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $20, $15) — First, Hargrove
& Arnold on King Ormsby Piebe Mercedes 260943; second, Iowana Farms
on Iowana Star Fayne 254441; third, Union College on King Pontiac
Champion Polkadot 310081.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Board
of Control, Independence, on Cherokee Cornucopia 315020; second, Har-
grove & Arnold on King Pietertje Ormsby Piebe Tidy 296379; third, Iowana
Farms on Iowana Coronis Fryslan 313732; fourth, Board of Control, Cla-
rinda, Violet Ormsby Wayne 347901.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First.
Hargrove & Arnold on King Pieterjte Ormsby Piebe Jewel 368392; second.
Iowana Farms on Burke Mercedes Star 342917; third, Cerro Gordo Farms
on King Pietertje Ormsby Piebe 29th 355211; fourth, C. W. Patti on Walker
Ormsby Piebe 369908; fifth, Iowana Farms on Burke Mercedes Star 342919;
sixth, Corwin Farms on Corwin Wimple De kol Ormsby.
Bull, Senior Calf ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Hargrove & Arnold
on King Banostine Ormsby Piebe 369910; second, Board of Control, Chero-
kee, on Cherokee Nudine Piebe; third, H. O. Larsen on Forum Ormsbv
Superior; fourth, Board of Control, Clarinda, Clarinda Pietertje Korndyke
Ormsby; fifth, E. H. "Maytag on Pietertje Pontiac Ormsby llona 377984:
sixth, Union College on King Netherland Segis Alcarta 381268.
Cow Four Years Old or Over ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8) — First, Iowana
Farms on Iowana Fayne Star 414850; second, H. O. Larsen on Forum
Diamond Homestead 523846; third, Board of Control, Woodward, on Lady
Daphne Pambytuning; fourth, Board of Control, Cherokee, on Diana Corn-
ucopia 330791; fifth, Union College on Miss Sarah Netherland De Kol
344151.
Cow Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Board
of Control, Clarinda, on Beaver Oaks Prilly Mercedes 55183S; second, Har-
grove & Arnold on Miss Ormsby Jewel 462793; third, Iowana Farms on
Iowana Homestead De Cola 488677; fourth, Board of Control, Clarinda,
on Madam Pambytuning Pontiac 577103.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8) — First,
Board of Control, Mt. Pleasant, on Mt. Pleasant Prilly La Polka 545238;
234
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
second, HargTove & Arnold on Sunny Lady 3rd 544163; third, H. O. Larsen
on Forum Pontiac Queen 644377; fourth, Hargrove & Arnold on Miss
Alexina Ormsby 587334; fifth, Board of Control, Cherokee on Cherokee
Nudine Ann 674704.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6) — First, Corwin
Farms on Corwin Colantha Florence Ormsby; second, Corwin Farms on
Corwin K. S. P. Mabel Ormsby; third, Corwin Farms on Corwin Beauty
Tobes Ormsby; fourth, Arnold Hargrove on Martha Ormsby Piebe 614259;
fifth, Iowana Farms on Homestead Veeman 2nd 629282; sixth, Iowana
Farms on Iowana Fayne Bettina 2nd 629278; seventh, Board of Control,
Clarinda, on Daisy Walker Tobes Ormsby 679112.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6) — First, Hargrove
& Arnold on Dorothy Ormsby Piebe 657732; second, Iowana Farms on
Iowana Farms Hope 661939; third, Iowana Farms on Iowana Fayne Jessie
3rd 661942; fourth, Union College on C. K. S. A. Abbehuk Alcartia 677504;
fifth, Union College on C. K. S. A. Chippewa De Kol 707464; sixth, E. J.
Erickson on Colantha Belle Korndyke 4th 675949; seventh, Board of Con-
trol, Mt. Pleasant, Nudine Korndyke Mt. Pleasant 681540.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6) — First, Iowana Farms
on Iowana One Star Pietertje 706695; second, Board of Control, Clarinda,
Clarinda Daisy Walker Ormsby 759213; third, Hargrove & Arnold on
Truine Ormsby Rose 704214; fourth, Board of Control, Clarinda, on Clarinda
Celia Pietertje Ormsby; fifth, Hargrove & Arnold on Pube Artis Burke
737964; sixth, Board of Control, Clarinda, on Clarinda Aaggie Duchess
Ormsby 759214; seventh, Board of Control, Clarinda on Clarinda Moose
Fayne Ormsby 759212.
Senior Champion Bull ($10) — Corwin Farms on King Korndyke Sadie
Vale Pietertje 212333.
KING KORNDYKE SADIE VAL PIETERTJE
Grand Champion Holstein Bull. Corwin Farms, Rock Valley, Iowa.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 235
Junior Champion Bull ($10) — Hargrove & Arnold on King Pietertje
Ormsby Piebe Jewel 368392.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($15) — Corwin Farms on King Korn-
dyke Sadie Vale Pietertje 212333.
Senior Champion Female ($10) — Iowana Farms on Iowana Fayne Star
414850.
Junior Champion Female ($10) — Hargrove & Arnold on Dorothy Ormsby
Piebe 647732.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($15) — Hargrove & Arnold on Doro-
thy Ormsby Piebe 647732.
Graded Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Hargrove & Arnold;
second, Corwin Farms; third, H. O. Larsen; fourth, Iowana Farms; fifth,
Board of Control, Clarinda; sixth, Board of Control, Mt. Pleasant.
Yearling Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Hargrove & Arnold;
second, Corwin Farms; third, Iowana Farms; fourth, Union College; fifth,
Iowana Farms; sixth, E. J. Erickson.
Breeders Calf Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Hargrove & Arnold;
second Board of Control, Clarinda; third, H. O. Larsen; fourth, Corwin
Farms; fifth, Iowana Farms; sixth, Board of Control, Cherokee.
Get of Sire ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Hargrove & Arnold; sec-
ond, Corwin Farms; third, Hargrove & Arnold; fourth, Board of Control,
Clarinda; fifth, Iowana Farms; sixth, Union College.
Produce of Cow ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5)— First, Iowana Farms; second,
Hargrove & Arnold; third, Board of Control, Woodward; fourth, Board
of Control, Cherokee; fifth, Union College; sixth, H. O. Larsen.
DIPLOMAS.
Premier Exhibitor (Diploma) — Hargrove & Arnold.
Premier Breeder (Diploma) — Iowana Farms.
IOWA HOLSTEIN SPECIALS.
Bull Four Years Old or Over ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8) — First, Corwin Farms
on King Korndyke Sadie Vale Pietertje 212333; second, Board of Control,
Mt. Pleasant, on Wolf spring Sethje Mooie Pontiac H. B. 182020; third,
H. O. Larsen on Sir Ragapple Pasch; fourth, Board of Control, Independ-
ence on Colantha Wayne Ormsby 239246; fifth, Carrie R. Bishop on King
Johanna Bonheur Champion 137723.
Bull Three Years Old and Under Four ($15, $12) — First, Hargrove &
Arnold on King Ormsby Piebe Mercedes 260943; second, Iowana Farms on
Iowana Star Fayne 254441.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8) — First,
Board of Control, Independence, on Cherokee Cornucopia 315020; second,
Hargrove & Arnold on King Pietertje Ormsby Piebe Tidy 296379; third.
Iowana Farms on Iowana Cornis Fryslan 313732; fourth, Board of Con-
trol, Clarinda on Violet Ormsby Wayne 347901; fifth, Corwin Farms on
Triume Ormsby Piebe 294182.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5) — First',
Hargrove & Arnold on King Pietertje Ormsby Jewel 368392; second, Iowana
Farms on Burke Mercedes Star 342917; third, Cerro Gordo Farms on King
Pietertje Ormsby Piebe 29th 355211; fourth, C. W. Patti on Walker Ormsby
Piebe 349908; fifth, Iowana Farms on Iowana Echo Star 342919; sixth,
Corwin Farms on Corwin Wimple DeKol Ormsby.
Bull, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $8, $5)— First, Hargrove & Arnold on
King Banostine Ormsby Piebe 369910; second, Board of Control, Chero-
kee, on Cherokee Nudine Piebe; third, H. O. Larsen on Forum Ormsby
Superior; fourth, Board of Control, Clarinda, on Clarinda Pietertje Korn-
dyke Ormsby 381165; fifth, E. H. Maytag on Pietertje Pontica Ormsby
Ilona, 377984 sixth, C. W. Patti on King Rex Mercedes 374284.
236 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Cow Three Years Old or Over ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5) — First, Iowana
Farms on Iowana Fayne Star 414850; second, Board of Control, Clarinda,
on Beaver Oates Prilly Mercedes 551838; third, H. O. Larsen on Forum
Diamond Homestead 523846; fourth, Hargrove & Arnold on Miss Ormsby
Jewel 462793; fifth, Board of Control, Woodward, on Lady Daphne Pam-
bytuning; sixth, Iowana Farms on Iowana Homestead De Cola 488677.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5) —
First, Board of Control, Mt. Pleasant, on Mt. Pleasant Prilly La Polka
545238; second, Hargrove & Arnold on Sunny Lady 3rd 544163; third, H. O.
Larsen on Forum Pontiac Queen 644377; fourth, Hargrove & Arnold on
Miss Alexina Ormsby 587334; fifth, Board of Control, Cherokee, on Chero-
kee Nudine Ann 674704; sixth, H. O. Larsen on Forum Maud Masterpiece
597788.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5, $5)— First, Corwin,
Farms on Corwin Colantha Florence Ormsby; second, Corwin Farms on
Corwin K. S. P. Mable Ormsby; third, Corwin Farms on Corwin Beauty
Tobes Ormsby; fourth, Hargrove & Arnold on Martha Ormsby Piebe
614259; fifth, Iowana Farms on Iowana Homestead Veeman 2nd 629282;
sixth, Iowana Farms on Iowana Fayne Bettina 2nd 629278; seventh, Board
of Control, Clarinda, on Daisy Walker Fobes Ormsby 679112.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8) — First, Hargrove & Ar-
nold on Dorothy Ormsby Piebe 647732; second, Iowana Farms on Iowana
Farms Hope 661939; third, Iowana Farms on Iowana Fayne Jessie 3rd
661942; fourth, E. J. Erickson on Colantha Bell Korndyke 4th 675949;
fifth, Board of Control, Mt. Pleasant, on Nudine Korndyke Mt. Pleasant,
681540.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5, $5) — First, Iowana Farms
on Iowana One Star Pietertje 706695; second, Board of Control, Clarinda,
on Clarinda Daisy Walker Ormsby 759213; third, Hargrove & Arnold on
Triune Ormsby Rose 704214; fourth, Board of Control, Clarinda, on Clar-
inda Celia Pietertje Ormsby; fifth, Hargrove & Arnold on Pieve Artis
Burke 737964; sixth, Board of Control, Clarinda, on Clarinda Aaggie
Duchess Ormsby 759214; seventh, Board of Control, Clarinda, on Clarinda
Moore Fayne Ormsby 759212.
JERSEY.
Exhibitors — W. J. Campbell, Jesup ; Wm. Stuart Goble, 1125 Douglas Ave.,
Des Moines; Meredith Jersey Farm, Des Moines; A. D. Ralston, Macon,
Mo.; C. A. Reinheimer, Marion; H. S. Stein, Ft. Madison; G. C. Sterling,
31st and Darley St., Des Moines; Waterloo Jersey Farm, Waterloo.
judge R. T. Lee, Waterloo, Iowa.
Bull Four Years Old or Over ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Meredith Jersey
Farm on Financial Beauty's King 132904; second, A. D. Ralston on Fern's
Noble Champion 149771; third, C. A. Reinheimer on Ibsen's Golden Price
128319; fourth, Harry S. Stein on Iowa Discount 142403.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $20) — First, Campbell Jersey
Farms on You'll Do Bobbie 191967; second, Waterloo Jersey Farm on
Financial Countess King 186047.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($25," $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First,
Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial Successful King 200772; second, Water-
loo Jersey Farm on Financial Bonnie Sans Alois 199516; third, Campbell
Jersey Farm on You'll Do Financial King 200957; fourth, Waterloo Jersey
Farm on Financial Winner 202404; fifth, C. A. Reinheimer on Grand View
You'll Do 201338; sixth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial King Brook-
hill 200226.
Bull, Senior Calf ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Campbell Jersey Farm
on Combination You'll Do Jr. 208520; second, Waterloo Jersey Farm on
Financial Merman 205573; third, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial Sen-
sation Count 206334; fourth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Successful Emanci-
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
237
pator 207373; fifth, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial Superior King-
206497; sixth, Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll Do Sea Lad 208522.
Cow Pour Years Old or Over ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8)— First, Meredith
Jersey Farm on Etta Brookhill 421700; second, Meredith Jersey Farm on
Owletena of Roycroft 454153; third, Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll Do
Myrtle 460304; fourth, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial Countess Topsy
381790; fifth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial Noble Viola 333664.
Cow Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Water-
loo Jersey Farm on Financial Francene 441895; second, Meredith Jersey
Farm on Financial Fern Sultane 478365; third, Harry S. Stein on Merri-
dale's Perfection Lady 462332; fourth, C. A. Reinheimer on Fair Martha's
Princess 435328.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8) — First,
A. D. Ralston on You'll Do's May Queen 484934; second, A. D. Ralston on
Champion Noble May 511969; third, Meredith Jersey Farm on Ogima's
Babe of Cloverland 516082; fourth, C. A. Reinheimer on Golden Princess's
Princess 512557; fifth, Campbell Jersey arm on You'll Do Lady Lucy
552552.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6)— First, C. A. Rein-
heimer on Ibsen's Princess 512558; second, Meredith Jersey Farm on Finan-
cial Successful Rose 528398; third, Campbell Jersey Farm on Combination
Pretty Lady 524652; fourth, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial S. Fran-
cene 509048; fifth, Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll Do Miss Virginia 510352;
sixth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial Successful Girl 520735; seventh,
A. D. Ralston on Champion Noble May 521802.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $5) — First, Campbell
Jersey Farm on You'll Do Lady June 521265; second, Meredith Jersey
Farm on Golden Maid's Rose; third, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial
Beauty Browny 523014; fourth, Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll Do Lady
FINANCIAL BEAUTY'S KING
Grand Champion Jersey Bull. Meredith Jersey Farm, Des Moines, Iowa.
238 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Myrtle 521264; fifth, A. D. Ralston on Gold Medal Miss Primm; sixth,
Meredith Jersey Farm on Pearl of Brookhill; seventh, Harry S. Stein on
Merry Maiden's Noel's Ruth 536634.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6)— First, Waterloo Jersey
Farm on Financial Fancy Buttercup 541903; second, Campbell Jersey Farm
on You'll Do Juanita 543330; third, Meredith Jersey Farm on Successful
Golden Cowslip; fourth, C. A. Reinheimer on Grand View Martha 543114;
fifth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Successful Lavender Girl; sixth, Waterloo
Jersey Farm on Financial Exquisite 3rd 535285; seventh, Harry S. Stein
on Ad's Iowa Doll 544596.
Senior Champion Bull ($10) — Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial
Beauty's King- 132904.
Junior Champion Bull ($10) — Campbell Jersey Farm on Combination
You'll Do Jo 208520.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($15) — Meredith Jersey Farm on Finan-
cial Beauty's King 132904.
Senior Champion Female ($10) — Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial
Francene 441895.
Junior Champion Female ($10) — Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial
Fancy Buttercup 541903.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($15) — Waterloo Jersey Farm on
Financial Francene 441895.
Graded Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8) — First, Meredith Jersey Farm;
second, Waterloo Jersey Farm; third, Campbell Jersey Farm; fourth, C. A.
Reinheimer; fifth, Harry S. Stein.
Yearling Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Campbell Jersey Farm;
second, Waterloo Jersey Farm; third, Meredith Jersey Farm; fourth, C. A.
Reinheimer; fifth, A. D. Ralston; sixth, Campbell Jersey Farm.
Breeders' Calf Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8) — First, Campbell Jersey Farm;
second, Waterloo Jersey Farm; third, Meredith Jersey Farm; fourth, Wat-
erloo Jersey Farm; fifth, Harry S. Stein.
Get of Sire ($25., $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Waterloo Jersey Farm; sec-
ond, Campbell Jersey Farm; third, Meredith Jersey Farm; fourth, Campbell
Jersey Farm; fifth, A. D. Ralston: sixth, C. A. Reinheimer.
Produce of Cow ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5 — First, Campbell Jersey Farm;
second, Campbell Jersey Farm; third, Meredith Jersey Farm; fourth, C. A.
Reinheimer; fifth, Harry S. Stein; sixth, C. A. Reinheimer.
DIPLOMAS.
Premier Exhibitor (Diploma) — Meredith Jersey Farm.
Premier Breeder (Diploma) — Waterloo Jersey Farm.
IOWA JERSEY SPECIALS.
Bull Four Years or Over ($15, $12, $10) — First, Meredith Jersey Farm on
Financial Beauty King- 132904; second, C. A. Reinheimer on Ibsen's Golden
Prince 128319; third, Harry S. Stein on Iowa's Discount 142403.
Bull Two Years Old or Under Three ($15, $12) — First, Campbell Jersey
Farm on You'll Do Bobbis 191967; second, Waterloo Jersey Farm on
Financial Countess King 186047.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5)— First,
Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial Successful King 200772; second, Wat-
erloo Jersey Farm on Financial Bonnie Sans Aloi 199516; third, Campbell
Jersey Farm on You'll Do Financial King 200957; fourth, Waterloo Jersey
Farm on Financial Winner 202404; fifth, C. A. Reinheimer on Grand View
You'll Do 201338; sixth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial King Brook-
hill 200226.
Bull, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5) — First, Campbell Jersey Farm
on Combination You'll Do 208520; second, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Merman
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 239
205573; third, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial Sensation's Count 206334;
fourth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Successful Emancipator 207373; fifth,
Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial Superior King 206497; sixth, Campbell
Jersey Farm on You'll Do Sea Lad 208522.
Cow Three Years or Over ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5) — First, Waterloo Jer-
sey Farm on Financial Francene 441895; second, Meredith Jersey Farm
on Etta Brookhill 421700; third, Meredith Jersey Farm on Owletena of Roy
Croft 454153; fourth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial Fern Sultane
478365; fifth, Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll Do's Myrtle 460304; sixth,
Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial Countess Topsy 381790.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5)— First,
Meredith Jersey Farm on Ogima's Babe of Cloverland 516082; second, C. A.
Reinheimer on Golden Princess' Princess 512557; third, Campbell Jersey
Farm on You'll Do Lady Lucy 522552; fourth, Waterloo Jersey Farm on
Financial Sans Aloi Goldie 484630; fifth, Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll
Do Lora 493281; sixth, Harry S. Stein on Jolly Lucile's Lucy 474343.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5)— First, C. A. Rein-
heimer on Ibsen's Princess 512558; second, Meredith Jersey Farm on Finan-
cial Successful Rose 528398; third, Campbell Jersey Farm on Combination
Pretty Lady 524652; fourth, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial S. Fran-
cene 509048; fifth, Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll Do Miss Virginia
510352; sixth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Financial Successful Girl 520735;
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5, $5) — First, Campbell
Jersey Farm on You'll Do Lady June 521265; second, Meredith Jersey Farm
on Golden Maid's Rose; third, Waterloo Jersey Farm on Financial Beauty
Browny 523014; fourth. Campbell Jersey Farm on You'll Do Lady Myrtle
521264; fifth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Pearl of Brookhill; sixth, Harry S.
Stein on Merry Maiden's Noel's Ruth 536634; seventh, Harry S. Stein on
Maiden's Eurylia Countess 536635.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5, $5) — First, Waterloo Jersey
Farm on Financial Fancy Buttercup 541903; second, Campbell Jersey Farm
on You'll Do Juanita 543330; third, Meredith Jersey Farm on Successful
Golden Cowslip; fourth, C. A. Reinheimer on Grand View Martha 543114;
fifth, Meredith Jersey Farm on Success Lavender Girl; sixth, Waterloo Jer-
sey Farm on Financial Exquisite 3rd 535285; seventh, Harry S. Stein on
Cid's Iowa Doll 544596.
GUERNSEYS.
Exhibitors — J. H. Beckert, Albia ; Rita Bradley, Altoona ; Ellen Louise
Burnett, Des Moines; Burnett & Brown, Des Moines; Marie Burkhead, Des
Moines; Dwight Cofield, Des Moines; Compson Bros., Valley Junction, Iowa;
Robert E. Coppock, West Branch; Dairyland Farm, Storm Lake; W. W.
Marsh, Waterloo; Marydale Farm, Albia; Clare J. Minetor, Altoona; Sa-
lome Minetor, Altoona; Mountain Bros., Des Moines; Marple Mountain, Des
Moines; E. S. Person, Minot, S. D.; Robert Sharon, Valley Junction; Paul
Wilcox, Des Moines.
judge L. V. Wilson, St. Paul, Minn.
Bull Four Years Old or Over ($25) — First, E. S. Persons on May Rose
Golden Secret 34920.
Bull Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $20) — First, Dairyland Farm
on Ultra's Royal of Edge Mere 52784; second, Robert E. Coppock on Penwyn
of Birchwood 55261.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($25) — First, Burnett & Brown on
Lydias Express of Iowanola 63498.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($25, $20, $15, $10)— First, W. W. Marsh
on May Rose Cherub 70934; second, Marydale Farm on Marydale Dood
Phinney 73282; third, Paul Wilcox on Junior of Dewalt 68981; fourth, E. S.
Person on Rivals King of Verndale 76071.
240 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Bull, Senjor Calf ($25, $18, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Mountain Bros, on
Kitchener's Defiance Iowanola 77545; second, W. W. Marsh on Golden Day
of the Prairie; third, Marydale Farm on Mary dale Nora's Cherub 80158;
fourth, W. W. Marsh on Cherub's Dictator of the Prairie 80060; fifth, E. S.
Person on Violet's Rex of Minot 79816; sixth, Marydale Farm on Marydale
Duke 80159.
Cow Four Years Old or Over ($25, $20, $15) — First, W. W. Marsh on Jean-
ette of the Prairie 2nd 69685; second, E. S. Person on May Rose Clara of
Minot 86109; third,. E. S. Person on May Rose Violet of Minot 86110.
Cow Three Years Old and Under Four ($25, $20) — First, E. S. Person on
May Rose Betinna of Minot 93515; second, Marydale Farm on Nancy of
Forest Lodge 40381.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8) — First, E.
S. Person on May Rose Glory of Minot 103973; second, Compton Bros, on
Florindas Best 108602; third, E. S. Person on Lura Betinna of Minot 107067;
fourth, Marydale Farm on Hoges Heiress of Forest Lodge 40381; fifth,
Compton Bros, on Marydale Jerburg Marie 110252.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6) — First, W. W. Marsh
on Admiration of the Prairie 117699; second, W. W. Marsh on Fox Glove
of the Prairie 11769S; third, Marydale Farm on Marydale Nan 118172;
fourth, W. W. Marsh on Perfection of the Prairie 112661; fifth, Marydale
Farm on Marydale Roxy 119821; sixth, E. S. Person on Glencoe of Minot
120293; seventh, E. S. Person on Auricle of Minot 12U292.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6) — First, W. W. Marsh
on Cherry Ripe of the Prairie 124401; second, Burnett & Brown on Miss
Dohlia of Dewalt 121401; third, Rita Bradley on Bovina of Sunnyside
123039; fourth, Robert Sharon on Garnet's Juliette 126033; fifth, Marple
Mountain on Golden Chene Beauty of Hawthorne 123398; sixth, Dwight
Cofield on Tillybardin's Blue Belle 119317; seventh, Marie Burkhead on
Lake Shore Amy.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($20, $18, $15, $10, $8, $7, $6)— First, W. W. Marsh
on Honey Sweet of the Prairie 131883; second, Mountain Bros, on Cherub's
Marigold of Iowanola 127167; third, W. W. Marsh on Cherry Bird of the
Prairie 131884; fourth, W. W. Marsh on True May Rose of the Prairie
128508; fifth, E. S. Person on Alice of Minot 131034; sixth, Marydale Farm
on Marydale Nelle; seventh, Marydale Farm on Marydale Marjorie 131535.
Senior Champion Bull ($10) — Burnett & Brown on Lydia's Express of
Iowanola 63498.
Junior Champion Bull ($10) — W. W. Marsh on May Rose Cherub 70934.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($15) — W. W. Marsh on May Rose Cherub
70934.
Senior Champion Female ($10) — W. W. Marsh on Jeanette of the Prairie
2nd 69685.
Junior Champion Female ($10) — W. W. Marsh on Honey Sweet of the
Prairie 131883.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($15) — W. W. Marsh on Jeanette of
the Prairie 2nd 69685.
Graded Herd ($25) — First, E. S. Person.
Yearling Herd ($25, $20, $15) — First, W. W. Marsh; second, Marydale
Farm; third, E. S. Person.
Breeders Calf Herd ($25, $20, $15, $10, $8) — First, Mountain Bros.; second,
Marydale Farm; third, W. W. Marsh; fourth, W. W. Marsh; fifth, E. S.
Person.
Get of Sire (25, $20, $15, $10, $8, $5) — First, W. W. Marsh; second, Mary-
dale Farm; third, W. W. Marsh; fourth, Marydale Farm; fifth, E. S. Person;
sixth, E. S. Person.
Produce of Cow ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Marydale Farm; second, E.
S. Person; third, E. S. Person; fourth, Marydale Farm.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
241
MAY ROSE CHERUB
Grand Champion Guernsey Bull. W. W. Marsh, Waterloo, Iowa.
DIPLOMAS.
Premier Exhibitor (Diploma) — W. W. Marsh.
Premier Breeder (Diploma) — W. W. Marsh.
IOWA GUERNSEY SPECIALS
Bull Three Years Old and Under Four ($15, $12) — First, Dairyland Farm
on Ultra's Royal of Edgemere 52784; second, Robert E. Coppock on Penwyn
of Birchwood 55261.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($15) — First, Burnett & Brown on
Lydia's Express of Iowranola 63498.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($15, $12, $10) — First, W. W. Marsh
on May Rose Cherub 70934; second, Marydale Farm on Marydale Dood
Phinney 73282; third, Paul Wilcox on Junior of De Walt 6S981.
Bull, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5) — First, Mountain Bros, on
Kitchener's Defiance of Iowanola 77545; second, W. W. Marsh on Golden
Day of the Prairie; third, Marydale Farm on Marydale Nora's Cherub
80158; fourth. W. W. Marsh on Cherub's Dictator of the Prairie 109008;
fifth, Marydale Farm on Marydale Duke 80159; sixth, Clare J. Minetor on
Jedetta's Kitchener's Riduna 80435.
Cow Three Years or Over ($15, $12) — First, W. W. Marsh on Jeanette of
the Prairie 2nd 69685; second, Marydale Farm on Nancy of Forest Lodge
40381.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($15, $12, $10, $10) — First, Comp-
ton Bros, on Florinda's 108602; second, Marydale Farm on Hayes Heiress
of Forest Lodge 40381; third, Compton Bros, on Marydale Jerburg Marie
110252; fourth, Burnett & Brown on Edith S of Dewalt 112337.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5, $5) — First, W. W. Marsh
on Admiration of the Prairie 117699; second, W. W. Marsh on Fox Glove of
16
242 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
the Prairie 117698; third, Marydale Farm on Marydale Nan 118172; fourth,
W. W. Marsh on Perfection of the prairie 112661; fifth, Marydale Farm en
Marydale Roxy 119821; sixth, Marydale Farm on Marydale Nita 118173;
seventh, Robert E. Coppock on Quincy of Quakerknoll 112712.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5, $5)— First, W. W.
Marsh on Cherry Ripe of the Prairie 124401; second, Compton Bros, on
Miss Dahlin of Dewalt 121401; third, Rita Bradley on Bovina of Sunnyside
123039; fourth, Robert Sharon on Garnet's Juliette 126033; fifth, Marple
Mountain on Golden Chene Beauty of Hawthorne 123398; sixth, Dwight
Cofield on Tillybardin's Blue Belle 119317; seventh, Marie Burkhead on
Lake Shore Amy.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($15, $12, $10, $10, $8, $5, $5) — First, W. W. Marsh
on Honey Sweet of the Prairie 131883; second, Mountain Bros, on Cherub's
Marigold of Iowanola 127167; third, W. W. Marsh on Cherry Bird of the
Prairie 131884; fourth, W. W. Marsh on True May Rose of the Prairie
128508; fifth, Marydale Farm on Marydale Nelle; sixth, Marydale Farm on
Marydale Marjorie 131535; seventh, Mountain Bros, on Lady's Queen of
Iowanola 127166.
ATRSHIRES.
Exhibitors — F. H. Baskins, Cedar Falls ; Adam Seitz & Sons, Waukesha, Wis. ;
B. B. Simmons & Sons, Pewaukee, Wis.
Judge C. B. Finley, Ames, Iowa.
Bull Four Years Old or Over ($20) — First, F. H. Baskins on Netherall
Finlayston 22527.
Bull Two Years Old and Under Three ($20, $15) — First, B. B. Simmons
& Sons on Cavalier The Last 25865; second, F. H. Baskins on Netherall
Rising- Star 24092.
Bull One Year Old and Under Two ($20, $15, $10) — First, B. B. Simmons
& Sons on Ayrcroft Cavalier Goldfinder 26216; second, B. B. Simmons &
Sons on Ayrcroft Cavalier Peter 26927; third, F. H. Baskins on Master-
piece 26650.
Bull, Senior Calf ($18, $15, $10) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons on Ayr-
croft Lad 27586; second, F. H. Baskins on Cavaliers Freetrader 2443S;
third, F. H. Baskins on Northland Model 27440.
Cow Four Years Old or Over ($20, $15, $10) — First, B. B. Simmons &
Sons on Alta Croft 4th of Spring City 46581; second, B. B. Simmons & Sons
on Kathleen Girl 51968; third, F. H. Baskins on Sylva Good Gift 43327.
Cow Three Years Old, Under Four ($20, $15) — First, B. B. Simmons &
Sons on Cavaliers Snow Ball 56069; second, F. H. Baskins on Daisy Avon
56169.
Heifer Two Years Old and Under Three ($20, $15, $10) — First, B. B. Sim-
mons & Sons on Ayrcroft Ethel Rose 66315; second, F. H. Baskins on
Rosalia Freetrader 63984; third, F. H. Baskins on Cavaliers Lady Beauty
60836.
Heifer, Senior Yearling ($18, $15, $10, $7) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons
on Spring City Sunflower 70833; second, B. B. Simmons & Sons on Ayrcroft
Alta Croft 66317; third, F. H. Baskins on Mae Kilnford 66188; fourth,
F. H. Baskins on Lady Alice Avon 2d 66190.
Heifer, Junior Yearling ($18, $15) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons on Ayr-
croft Lillie 67893; second, B. B. Simmons & Sons on Ayrcroft Ethel 67892.
Heifer, Senior Calf ($18, $15, $10, $7) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons on
Ayrcroft Lady Beauty 70296; second, B. B. Simmons & Sons on Ayrcroft
Kirsty A 72538; third, B. B. Simmons & Sons on Ayrcroft Snowball 70295;
fourth, F. H. Baskins on Snowhurst Nellie 2d 71914.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
243
CAVALIER THE LAST
Grand Champion Ayrshire Bull. Simmons & Sons, Pewaukee, Wis.
Senior Champion Bull ($10) — B. B. Simmons & Sons on Cavalier The
Last 25865.
Junior Champion Bull ($10)— B. B. Simmons & Sons on Ayrcroft Cav-
aliers Goldfinder 26216.
Grand Champion Bull, Any Age ($10) — B. B. Simmons & Sons on Cavalier
The Last 25865.
Senior Champion Female ($10) — B. B. Simmons & Sons on Alta Croft
4th of Spring City 46581.
Junior Female Champion ($10) — B. B. Simmons on Spring City Sun-
flower 70833.
Grand Champion Female, Any Age ($10) — B. B. Simmons & Sons on
Alta Croft 4th of Spring City 46581.
Graded Herd ($25, $15, $10) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons; second, F. H.
Baskins; third, F. H. Baskins.
Yearling Herd ($25, $15) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons; second, F. H.
Baskins.
Breeders' Calf Herd ($25, $15, $10) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons; sec-
ond, F. H. Baskins; third, F. H. Baskins.
Get of Sire ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons; second,
B. B. Simmons & Sons; third, F. H. Baskins; fourth, F. H. Baskins.
Produce of Cow ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First, B. B. Simmons & Sons; second,
B. B. Simmons & Sons; third, F. H. Baskins; fourth, F. H. Baskins.
Premier Exhibitor (Diploma) — B. B. Simmons & Sons.
Premier Breeder (Diploma) — B. B. Simmons & Sons.
244 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
FAT CATTLE SECTION.
FAT SHORTHORNS.
Exhibitors — Glen Aikman, Gray ; Eugene Alexander, Indianola ; Glen An-
derson, Stanton; Orville W. Bergren, Stanton; Frank Berry, Prole; Harold
Burkhardt, Guthrie Center; Kenneth Burkhardt, Guthrie Center; Leland
Bower, South English; Edward Barrogy, Rockwell; Frank Bottger, Ollie;
Marion Cahill, Rockford; Bruce Clampitt, New Providence; Cecil Cook,
New Providence; Maurice Cook, New Providence; Dale Copley, Grundy
Center; Etta Dawson, Washta; Dorothy Dennis, Melbourne; Helen Early,
Mason City; Edellyn Farms, Wilson, Illinois; Herbert Fricke, State
Center; Irma Fricke, State Center; Josephine Garden, Wapello; Ralph
Givan, Grant; Leland Halter, Melbourne; Harry Hansen, Thornton;
Arthur Henderson, Paullina; Waiter K. Henderson, Paullina; Ernest
Hostetter, Grundy Center; Helen Hurlbut, Conrad; Griffith Johnson, Wilton
Junction; Henry Johnston, Wilton Junction; Merle Jones, North Eng-
lish; Russell Kernen, Nodaway; Velma Lanning, Rhodes; Lester Lar-
son, Stanton; Paul Larson, Red Oak; Wayne Larson, Stanton; La Vernet
Stock Farm, Jackson, Miss.; Chester Lunquist, Stanton; Marjorie McAl-
pine, Villisca; Willis A. McAlpine, Villisca; Wendell Mann, Malcom;
Florence Martin, Monroe; Windsor Moore, Mt. Pleasant; Lee Norton, Wilton
Junction; Carl Olander, Stanton; Edward Ossian, Stanton; Simon Ossian,
Stanton; Harold Place, Muscatine; Clifford C. Palmquist, Stanton; Velma
Parker, demons; W. W. Parkhill, Sigourney; Carroll Plager, Grundy Cen-
ter; Florence Posten, Villisca; Wayne Probst, West Liberty; Delbert Royl,
Grinnell; Virgil Sherwood, Hartwick; George W. Smith, Dunlap; Archibald
Stinson, Villisca; Paul Stinson, Villisca; Elmer Sweet, Storm Lake; Clif-
ford Tague, Kirkman; E. M. Thomas, Audubon; Buster Victor, Villisca;
Etta Victor, Villisca; Keith Warne, Villisca; Charlotte Westrope, Harlan;
Amy White, Rhodes; Cecil Wilkinson, Cummings; Glen Windom, Nodaway;
Fred W. Wubbens, Wellsburg.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Senior Yearling ($20, $15) — First, Jose-
pine Garden on Prince; second, Hollandale Farm on Waterloo Prince.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Junior Yearling ($20, $15, $10) — First,
Lee Norton on Villagers Lad; second, Leland Halter on Roan Dale; third,
Dorothy Dennis on Brookside Charmer.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Under One Year ($20, $15, $10) — First
J. S. Naylor on Landcaster Type; second, Josephine Garden on Commodore;
third, Edellyn Farms on Carolines King 1085321.
Champion Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer ($20) — Lee Norton on Villager
Lad.
Group of Three Head Owned by Exhibitor ($25) — First, Josephine Garden.
Grade or Cross Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Junior Yearling
($20, $15, $10) — First, Velma Parker on Clara's Charmer; second, Willis
A. McAlpin on Roan Diamond; third, Velma Lanning on Smooth Lad.
Champion Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer ($20) — Velma Parker on Clara's
Charmer.
FAT HEREFORD.
Exhibitors — Hans Anderson, Dike ; Earl Bennett, Letts ; Clifford Benson, La
Moille; Rue Biterman, Nora Springs; W. N. W. Blayney, Denver, Colo.;
Archie Braun, Nichols; Dale Clark, Hamlin; Cecil Cook, New Providence;
Maurice Cook, New Providence; Blanche Curran, Mason City; Dorothy
Dennis, Melbourne; Lavon Dennis, North English; Ruth Diller, Letts;
Dean Dodder, Letts; Leah Earley, Mason City; Richard Early, Mason City;
Lyle Ellis, Elliott; Paul Gildner, Rock Falls; Emmette Goecke, Marshall-
town; Eldon Gohner, Grundy Center; Harry Gohner, Grundy Center; Ralph
Hallquist, Red Oak; Adolph Hohn, Red Oak; Earnest Hostetter, Grundy
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 245
Center; Harry Johnson, Red Oak; Merle Jones, North English; Ivan Jones,
Red Oak; Jessie Krause, Nora Springs; Raymond Lynn, Grundy Center;
Phillip McLean, Marshalltown; Alvin Matzen, Mason City; Edwin K. Mat-
zen, Mason City; Thad. E. Mendenhall, Fairbury, Neb.; Lee C. Mills, Au-
dubon; Lee Norton, Wilton Junction; Donald Ritchie, Marathon; Wendell
Ritchie, Marathon; Delbert Royl, Grinnell; Gerold Sherwood, Hartwick;
Ivan Swanson, Stanton; Clarence Taggart, Audubon; John Tucker, West
Branch; Burdette Van Note, Mason City; Lyle Van Note, Mason City;
Lyle Wise, Decatur; Dale Wick, Mt. Pleasant.
Judge W. J. Kennedy,, Sioux City, Iowa.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Senior Yearling ($25, $20) — First, E.
M. Cassady & Son on Good Enough 417; second, Heath & Pearson on Dandy
Brae 22nd 984906.
Steer, Spayed or .Martin Heifer, Junior Yearling ($25, $20, $10, $5) —
First, Clifford Benson on Beau Repeater; second, Earl Bennett on Sunbeam
Dare 1010353; third, Dean Dodder on Lon; fourth, Heath & Pearson on
Maples Dixie 659.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Under One Year ($25, $20, $10, $5) —
First, Thad E. Mendenhall on My Mischief 1121568; second, C. M. Largent
& Sons on Kleberg Lad 4th 114859; third, Heath & Pearson on Vilisca Lad
658; fourth, Thad E. Mendenhall on Empress 6th.
Champion Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer ($15) — Cassady & Son on Good
Enough 417.
Group of Three Head, Owned by Exhibitor ($25) — Heath & Pearson.
Grade or Cross Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Junior Yearling1
($25, $20, $10, $5) — First, Alvin C. Matzen on Pat; second, Archie Braun
on Adams; third, Archie Braun on Royal Ace; fourth, John Tucker on
Ben Hur.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Under One Year ($25) — First, Roy Van
Winkle on White Face.
Champion Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer ($15) — Alvin C. Matzen on Pat.
FAT ABERDEEN ANGUS.
Exhibitors — Harvey Andrews, Audubon ; Carl Bower, South English ; Leland
Bower, South English; Levi Bower, South English; Garret I. Bremer, North
English; Joseph Caputo, Marshalltown; Joe Coffman, North English; Rob-
ert Collins, Liscomb; Laura Dawson, Washta; John Dawson, Washta;
Wendell Edson, Storm Lake; Lyle Ellis, Elliott; Clarence Egan, Dow City;
John H. Fitch, Lake City; Gerald Francis, Storm Lake; Leland Geiger,
North English; Fred W. Gilmore, North English; W. N. Harvey & Son,
Knoxville; Marion Hendrickson, Nodaway; Ben J. Hensley, Exira; Hess
& Brown, Waterloo; Henry Johnston, Wilton Junction; Merle Jones, North
English; Leland Keen, Le Grand; Earl Korns, Hartwick; Nelson Korns,
Hartwick; Mae McGuire, Storm Lake; Elizabeth Mandeville, Storm Lake;
Marion Mandeville, Storm Lake; Ruth Manser, Storm Lake; Donald Mein-
hard, Storm Lake; Kenneth Messer, Grundy Center; Orville Neville, Malcom;
Harold Pace, Muscatine; Thorwald Peterson, Storm Lake; Fay Perry, Gil-
man; Wayne Probst, West Liberty; Carl E. Rosenfeld, Kelley; James Shep-
ard, Muscatine; Vernon Shepard, Muscatine; Virgil Sherwood, Hartwick;
Sammy Slate, South English; William & Herman Stock, Baxter; Clarence
M. Stoner, South English; George Stoner, South English; Horace Stoner,
South English; Earl Stratton, Collins; Thomas Stratton, Collins; Irvin
Swanson, Stanton; George Swihart, Baxter; J. Garrett Tolan, Farmingdale,
111.; Albert Wagner, North English; Howard Wagner, North English;
Donald Wensel, Melbourne; Clare Wiley, Indianola; Pearl Wiley, Indianola;
Raymond Wiley, Indianola; Clarence Wilson, Storm Lake; Herbert Wilson,
Storm Lake; Edward Zeman, Chelsea.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
246 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR, BOOK— PART IV
Pure Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Senior Yearling ($20, $15, $10)
— First, Robert Collins on Black Laddie; second, John H. Fitch on Quinko
329747; third, R. W. Frank on Prince Perfection.
Pure Bred Steer, Spayed or 3Iartin Heifer, Junior Yearling ($20, $15, $10)
— First, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Keeper 3rd 333424; second, Earl Stratton on
Mingo Lad; third, R. W. Frank on Prince Mac 2202.
Pure Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Under One Year ($20, $15, $10)
— First, John H. Fitch on Kento 2215; second, Hess & Brown on Prince of
Quietdale; third, R. W. Frank on Kay 2229.
Champion Pure Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer ($15) — Robert Col-
lins on Black Laddie.
Pure Breds, Group of Three Head, Owned by Exhibitor ($25, $15) — First,
Robert Collins; second, R. W. Frank.
Grade or Cross Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Senior Yearling
($20, $15) — First, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Atta Boy; second, Robert Collins
on Ray.
Grade or Cross Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Junior Yearling
($20, $15, $10) — First, Dean Dodder on Bob; second, Carl E. Rosenfeld on
Entertainer; third, Harold Pace on Quiet Lad.
Grade or Cross Bred Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, "Under One Year
($20, $15, $10) — First, Carl E. Rosenfeld on Rosengift Bobbie; second, J.
Garrett Tolan on Eileenmere Boy; third, Robert Collins on Don.
Champion Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer ($15) — Dean Dodder on Bob.
Group of Three Head, Owned by Exhibitor ($25, $15) — First, Carl E.
Rosenfeld; second, Robert Collins.
PURE BRED GRADES AND CROSS BREDS.
Exhibitors — Lillian Early, Mason City ; J. F. Gilbert, Earlham ; Freeman B.
Wood, Eldora.
Judge W. J. Kennedy, Sioux City, Iowa.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Senior Yearling ($15) — First, L. J. Palas
on S. W. Robin 43950.
Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer, Junior Yearling ($15, $10, $5) — First, Lil-
lian Early on Snip; second, Freeman B. Wood on Woodrow; third, J. F.
Gilbert on Prue 60958.
Champion Steer, Spayed or Martin Heifer ($10) — L. J. Palas on S. W.
Robin 43950.
IOWA BOYS' AND GIRLS' MARKET CALF FEEDING CONTEST.
SHORTHORNS.
Judge H. W. Vaughn, St. Paul, Minn.
Exhibitors — Ernest Abbe, Toledo ; Frank Abbe, Toledo ; Leonard Abbe, To-
ledo; Howard Adix, Ogden; Fern Aikman, Gray; Glen Aikman, Gray; Eu-
gene Alexander, Indianola; Floyd Ameberry, Knoxville; Glen Anderson,
Stanton; Hans Anderson, Dike; Harvey Andrews, Audubon; Lawrence
Avers, Melbourne; Clarence Aupperle, Adair; Edward Aupperle, Adair;
Darrel Bacon, Toledo; Ivan Beck, Corning; Lawrence Beck, Corning; Orville
W. Bergren, Stanton; Edward Barrogy, Rockwell; Earl Bennett, Letts;
Carl Benson, La Moille; Clifford Benson, La Moille; Frank Berry, Prole;
Fred Bitterman, Nora Springs; Lora Bitterman, Nora Springs; Rue Bitter-
man, Nora Springs; Everett Black, Audubon; Elmer Blood, Runnells; Frank
Bottger, Ollie; Morgan Bonzer, Marshalltown; Carl Bower, South English;
Leland Bower, South English; Levi Bower, South English; Archie Braun,
Nichols; Harry Braun, Nichols; Garret I. Bremer, North English; Harry
Brown, Adel; John Bronn, Stuart; Richard Bronn; Stuart; Clarence Burk-
hardt, Guthrie Center; Harold Burkhardt, Guthrie Center; Kenneth Burk-
hardt, Guthrie Center; Edwin Byams, Dysart; Marion Cahill, Rockford;
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 247
J. H. Calif, North English; Joseph Caputo, Marshalltown; Elmer Carpen-
ter, Runnells; Eldon Cartwright, Boone; Bruce Clampitt, New Providence;
Dale Clark, Hamlin; Herbert Cline, Knoxville; Joe Coffman, North English;
Cecil Collins, Marshalltown; Robert Collins, Liscomb; Cecil Cook, New
Providence; Maurice Cook, New Providence; Lenard Costello, North Eng-
lish; Verne Cooper, Corning; Dale Copley, Grundy Center; Hugh Colyle,
►Rockford; Everett Cree, Madrid; Raymond L. Cummings, Knoxville;
Blanche Curran, Mason City; Lester Curran, Mason City; Worth Darnell,
Knoxville; James D. Davie, Council Bluffs; Etta Dawson, Washta; John
Dawson, Washta; Dorothy Dennis, Melbourne; Lavon Dennis, North Eng-
lish; Ronald Diggins, State Center; Ruth Diller, Letts; Thomas Donahue,
North English; Dean Dodder, Letts; Loren Donelson, Ogden; Mervin Donel-
son, Odgen; Donald Dunham, Dunlap; Helen Early, Mason City; Leah Early,
Mason City; Lillian Early, Mason City; Richard Early, Mason City; Leora
Eddington, Sutherland; Wendell Edson, Storm Lake; Albert Egan, Dow
City; Clarence Egan, Dow City; Lyle Ellis, Elliott; Leonard O. Erickson,
Ogden; Frank Fleming, Runnells; Russell Fleming, Runnells; Leonai'd
Formanek, Chelsea; Harold Forseman, Guthrie Center; Oscar Forseman,
Guthrie Center; Gerald Francis, Storm Lake; Ralph Freel, Runnells; Her-
bert Fricke, State Center; Irma Fricke, State Center; Paul Gallagher, Wil-
liamsburg; Josephine Garden, Wapello; Leland Geiger, North English;
Paul Gildner, Rock Falls; Fred W. Gilmore, North English; Ralph Givan,
Grant; Emmette Goecke, Marshalltown; Earl Goetzman, Boone; Eldon
Gohner, Grundy Center; Harry Gohner, Grundy Center; Virgil Goodrich,
Malcom; Lewis Griffith, Audubon; Myron Griffith, Audubon; Ralph Hall-
quist, Red Oak; Leland Halter, Melbourne; Lucian Hammon, Woodward;
Leopold Hanke, Knoxville; Harry Hansen, Thornton; Ben Hansley, Exira;
Hattie Harvey, Knoxville; Lena Harvey, Knoxville; Russell Hay ward, Dy-
sart; Arthur Healy, North English; Arthur Henderson, Paullina; Donald
Henderson, Central City; Walter L. Henderson, Paullina; Marion Hendrick-
son, Nodaway; Howard Hill, Earlham; Ernest Hitzhutzen, Cartersville;
Leon Hitzhutzen, Cartersville; John Holmquist, Marshalltown; Albert Ho-
gan, Corning; Aloysious Hogan, Corning; Adolph Holm-, Red Oak; Ernest
Hostetter, Grundy Center; Maxwell Hough, Weston; Carl Houston, Tama;
Earl Houston, Tama; Helen Hurlburt, Conrad; Lloyd Jesse, Wilton Junc-
tion; Griffith Johnson, Wilton Junction; Harry Johnson, Red Oak; Henry
Johnston, Wilton Junction; Charlotte Jones, North English; Ivan Jones,
Red Oak; Merle Jones, North English; Lee Julander, Boxholm; Joseph
Kadolph, Eldora; Joseph A. Kelley, Daugherty; Leland Keen, Le Grand;
Russell Kernen, Nodaway; Weston C. Kimm, Guthrie Center; Glenn L.
Klatt, Rockford; Earl Korns, Hartwick; Nelson Korns, Hartwick; Bernice
Krause, Nora Springs; Bernice and Jessie Krause, Nora Springs; Jessie
Krause, Nora Springs; Vema Lanning, Rhodes; Lester Larson, Stanton;
Paul Larson, Red Oak; Wayne Larson, Stanton; Albert Lengeman, Coon
Rapids; Elmer Lengeman, Coon Rapids; Delbert Lewis, Runnells; Harlie
Lewis, Bayard; Chester Lundquist, Stanton; Raymond Lynn, Grundy Cen-
ter; Marjorie McAlpine, Villisca; Willis A. McAlpine, Villisca; Elizabeth
McElroy, Nodaway; Mae McGuire, Storm Lake; Charlie Mclntire, Stuart;
Ralph Mclntire, Stuart; Phillip McLean, Marshalltown; Elizabeth Mande-
ville, Storm Lake; Marion Mandeville, Storm Lake; Windell Mann, Malcom;
Ruth Manser, Storm Lake; Florence Martin, Monroe; Nellie Massee, Rock-
ford; Alvin Matzen, Mason City; Edwin H. Matzen, Mason City; Ella Mat-
zen, Mason City; Lawrence Matzen, Mason City; Donald Meinhard, Storm
Lake; Kenneth Messer, Grundy Center; Charley Miller, Runnells; Grace
Miller, Collins; Hurbert H. Miller, Runnells; Perry Miller, Brooklyn; Lee
A. Miller, Audubon; Winsor Moore, Mt. Pleasant; Gifford Nelson, Dunlap;
Orville Neville, Malcom; Raymond Nicholl, Gilman; Vera Nicholl, Gilman;
Lee Norton, Wilton Junction; Frank O'Brien, North English; Lynn H.
O'Brien, North English; Carl Olander, Stanton; Edward Ossian, Stanton;
Simon Ossian, Stanton; Harold Pace, Muscatine; Clifford C. Palmquist,
Stanton; Velma Parker, demons; Fay Perry, Gilman; Earl Peterson, Day-
ton; Thowald Peterson, Storm Lake; Carrol Plager, Grundy Center; Dale
248 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Porter, Neola; Glenn Porter, Neola; Florence Posten, Villisca; Merle Pres-
ton; Melbourne; "Wayne Probst, "West Liberty; Paul Purviance, Minburn;
Donald Rees, Pleasantville; Ira Rees, Dunlap; Elliott Reutter, Ogden; Don-
ald Ritchie, Marathon; "Wendell Ritchie, Marathon; "Willis Roberts, Deep
River; Robert Rogers, Union; Delbert Royl, Grinnell; Earnest Schalow,
Adair; Le Roy Scott, Marion; James Shepard, Muscatine; Vernon Shepard,
Muscatine; Gerold Sherwood, Hartwick; J. "Wesley Sherwood, Knoxville;
Kermit Sherwood, Knoxville; Virgil Sherwood, Hartwick; Sammy Slate,
South English; George W. Smith, Dunlap; Iman Snyder, Boone; Herman
Spencer, Runnells; Ray Spencer, Runnells; Beryle Spongier, Adair; Frank
Spongier, Adair; Lennie Stark, Boxholm; Ralph Stark, Boxholm; Archi-
bald Stinson, Villisca; Paul Stinson, Villisca; William and Herman Stock,
Baxter; Clarence M. Stoner, South English; Geo. Stoner, South English;
Horace Stoner, South English; Quentin Stowe, Ackley; Earl Stratton, Col-
lins; Thomas Stratton, Collins; Ralph Stringham, Dexter; Stuart Stringham,
Dexter; Irwin Swanson, Stanton; Ivan Swanson, Stanton; Ivar Swansou,
Boxholm; Elmer Sweet, Storm Lake; Luvern Swigert, Boxholm; Theron
Swigert, Boxholm; Geo. Swihart, Baxter; Clarence Taggart, Audubon; Clif-
ford Tague, Kirkman; Clifton Teter, Stuart; Grace Teter, Knoxville; Henry
Teter, Stuart; E. M. Thomas, Audubon; Loran Thorngren, Boxholm; Iver
Thorsheim, Radcliffe; John Tucker, West Branch; Carroll Turner, Anita-;
Eric Turner, Anita; Herbert Turner, Anita; Max Turner, Anita; Robt. Van
Maren, Runnells; Walter Van Maren, Runnells; Burdette Van Note, Mason
City; Lyle Van Note, Mason City; Buster Victor, Villisca; Etta Victor, Vil-
lisca; James M. Vreizelaar, Otley; Richard Vriezelaar, Otley; Albert Wag-
ner, North English; Howard "Wagner, North English; Donald Wallace,
Marion; Keith Warne, Villisca; Donald "Wense, Melbourne; Charlotte "West-
rope, Harlan; Amy "White, Rhodes; Dale "Wick, Mt. Pleasant; Clare "Wiley,
Indianola; Pearl "Wiley, Indianola; Raymond Wiley, Indianola; Cecil "Wil-
kinson, Cummings; Clarence Wilson, Storm Lake; Herbert Wilson, Storm
Lake; Glen Windom, Nodaway; Lyle Wise, Decatur; Freman B. Wood, El-
dora; Fred W. Wubbens, Wellsburg; Edward Zeman, Chelsea.
MAINLICK
First Shorthorn Baby Beef Steer. Glen Windom, Nodaway, Iowa.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
249
Shorthorn Market Calf ($25, $22, $20, $18, $16, $14, $14, $14, $14, $14,
$12, $12, $12, $12, $10, $10, $10, $10, $10, $9, $9, $9, $9, $9, $9, $S, $8, $8, $8,
$8, $7, $7, $7, $7, $7, $7)— First, Glen Windom on Mainlick; second, Leland
Halter on Dale's Mate; third, Dorothy Dennis on Brookside Model; fourth,
Nellie A. McAlpin on Roan Diamond; fifth, Henry Johnston on Snow Ball;
sixth, Velma Parker on Clara's Charmer; seventh, Lee Norton on Villagers
Lad; eighth, Maurice Cook on Roan Lad 2d; ninth, Joseph Caputo on Knight
of Brookside; tenth, Vera Nicholl on Red Count; eleventh, Harry Hansen on
Gainford Type 1093990; twelfth, Virgil Sherwood on Nellie; thirteenth, Vir-
gil Sherwood on Elden; fourteenth, Charlotte Westrope on Villager's Doro-
thy; fifteenth, Albert Egan on Roan Count; sixteenth, Clifford Tague on
Buddy; seventeenth, Elmer Carpenter on Billey Buster; eighteenth, Carl
Olander on Diamond Flash; nineteenth, Herbert Fricke on Callissie's Type;
twentieth, Leland Halter on Roan Dale; twenty-first, Clifford C. Palmquist
on Diamond; twenty-second, Kenneth Burkhart on Silver King; twenty-
third, Charley Miller; twenty-fourth, Cecil Cook on Babe Ruth; twenty-
fifth, Velma Parker on Roan Coronet; twenty-sixth, Velma Lanning on
Smooth Lad; twenty-seventh, Ralph Givan; twenty-eighth, Bruce Clampitt;
twenty-ninth, Etta Victor on Diamond Villager; thirtieth, E. M. Thomas
on Gainford Gloster; thirty-first, Fred W. Wubbens; thirty-second, Donald
Dunham on Orphan Boy; thirty-third, Ronald Diggins on Sultans Champion;
thirty-fourth, Earnest Hostetter on Redskin; thirty-fifth, Donald Rees on
Annie; thirty-sixth, Elmer Lengerman.
Hereford 3Iarket Calf ($25, $22, $20, $18, $16, $14, $14, $14, $14, $14, $12,
$12, $12, $12, $10, $10, $10, $10, $9, $9, $9, $9, $9, $9, $8, $8, $8, $8, $8, $7,
$7, $7, $7, $7, $7) — First, Clifford Benson on Beau Repeater; second, Alvin
C. Matzen on Pat; third, Ruth Diller on Sunbeam Dare 1010353; fourth,
C ecil Collins on White Face; fifth, Harry Goliner on Tom; sixth, Archie
Braun on Adams; seventh, Phillip McLean on Beau Daisy; eighth, Emmett
Goecke on Beauman; ninth, Earl Bennett on Generous Dare 1038960; tenth,
Alvin C. Matzen on Prince Lad 27th 1000655; eleventh, Hans Anderson on
BEAU REPEATER
First Hereford Baby Beef Steer. Clifford Benson, La Moille, Iowa.
250
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Dick; twelfth, Richard Early on Bing; thirteenth, J. Wesley Sherwood;
fourteenth, Leonard Formanek on Pilot; fifteenth, Dean Dodder on Laddie
Dare; sixteenth, Paul Gallagher; seventeenth, Iver Thorsheim on Oliver
Dale; eighteenth, Charlie Mclntire; ninteenth, Carl Benson on All Style;
twentieth, Merle Jones; twenty-first, Harlie Lewis; twenty-second, Dale
Wick on Farm Fairfax-Dale Wick; twenty-third, Loran Thorngren;
twenty-fourth, John Tucker on Bobbie; twenty-fifth, John Tucker on Ben
Hurr; twenty-sixth, Archie Braun on Royal Ace; twenty-seventh, Robert
Rogers on Beau Moukton 10th; twenty-eighth, Lyle Wise on Grundy Lad
1008079; twenty-ninth, Archie Braun on Laddie; thirtieth, Weston C. Kimm:
thirty-first, Lyle Van Note on Expect 2d; thirty-second, Jessie Krause
on Jiggs; thirty-third, Blanche Curran on Buddie; thirty-fourth, Maurice
Cook on Clearview Lad; thirty-fifth, Richard Brown; thirty-sixth, Doro-
thy Dennis on Standard Lad.
Aberdeen Angus ($25, $22, $20, $18, $16, $14, $14, $14, $14, $14, $12, $12,
$12, $12, $10, $10, $10, $10, $10, $9, $9, $9, $9, $9, $9, $8, $8, $8, $8, $8, $7,
$7, $7, $7, $7, $7) — First, Dean Dodder on Bob; second, Edward Zeman on
Johnnie; third, Robert Collins on Max; fourth, John Holmquist on Black
Glenmore; fifth, Harold Pace on Quiet Lad; sixth, Fay Perry on Justo
Blackbird; seventh, John Holmquist on Justo Max; eighth, Earl Stratton
on Mingo Lad; ninth, Thomas Stratton on Baxter Baby; tenth, Horace
Stoner on Laddie; eleventh, Orville Neville on Spot; twelfth, Lawrence
Aves on "Smokes" Blackcap; thirteenth, Le Roy Scott; fourteenth, Joseph
Caputo on Black Lad; fifteenth, Dean Dodder on George; sixteenth, Ray-
mond Nicholl on Blackie; seventeenth, Clarence Egan on Black Knight;
eighteenth, Wayne Probst on Louie; nineteenth, Russell Hayward on Rob-
inhood; twentieth, Floyd Amsberry; twenty-first, Delbert Royal on Black-
bird; twenty-second, Nelson Korns on Black Joe 3d; twenty-third, Harland
Briggs on Harlan; twenty-fourth, Vera Nicholl on Bob; twenty-fifth, Harry
Braun on McAllister; twenty-sixth, Lawrence Aves on Buster; twenty-
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First Angus Baby Beef Steer. Dean Dodder, Letts, Iowa.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 251
seventh, Harry Braun on M. C. Halleck; twenty-eighth, Leonard Abbe;
twenty-ninth, Garrett I. Bremer; thirtieth, Garrett I. Bremer; thirty-first,
Leland Keen on Black Max; thirty-second, Horace Stoner on Dale III;
thirty-third, Geo. Stoner on Wilbur; thirty-fourth, Elizabeth Mandeville
on Lad; thirty-fifth, Harold Scott, Marion, Iowa, on Scott; thirty-sixth,
Kenneth Messer on Prince Blue Blood.
First Prize Calf (Gold Watch)— Dean Dodder on Bob.
Champion (Silver Loving Cup) — Clifford Benson on Beau Repeater.
COUNTY CALF CLUB EXHIBIT
County Market Calf Club Exhibit of Ten Calves from Same County ($35,
$25, $20, $20, $15, $15, $15, $10, $10, $9, $9, $9, $9, $9) — First, Marshall
County Baby Beef Club; second, Cerro Gordo County Calf Club; third,
Muscatine County Calf Club; fourth, Marshall County Calf Club; fifth,
Tama County Calf Club; sixth, Keokuk County Calf Club; seventh, Iowa
County Calf Club; eighth, Guthrie County Calf Club; ninth, Hardin County
Calf Club; tenth, Henry County Calf Club; eleventh, Marshall County Calf
Club; twelfth, Boone County Calf Club; thirteenth, Cerro Gordo County
Calf Club; fourteenth, Marion County Calf Club.
PURE BRED HEIFER CLUB
Exhibitors — John Blake, Waukee ; Lloyd E. Burns, Orient ; Robert E. Burns,
Orient; Joseph Caputo, Marshalltown; Eldon Cartwright, Boone; Robert
Collins, Liscomb; Bertha Dannen, Melbourne; Mary Dannen, Melbourne;
Laura Dawson, Washta; James Duff, Orient; Leland Duff, Orient; Leslie
Harden, Corning; Earl Korns, Hartwick; Nelson Korns, Hartwick; Orville
Neville, Mai com; Clark Plummer, Marshalltown; Lester Plummer, Mar-
shalltown; Virgil Sherwood, Hartwick.
Judge H. W. Vatjghan, St. Paul, Minn.
SHORTHORN
Senior Heifer Calf ($15) — First, Paul Purviance on Revelanta Queen.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($15, $12, $10) — First, Eldon Cartwright on Snow
Ball; second, Harry Brown on Royal May Flower III 1056568; third, Leslie
Harden on Rosemary 6th 1078216.
Champion Heifer (Trophy Offered by the Iowa Homestead) — Eldon Cart-
wright on Snow Ball.
HEREFORDS
Junior Yearling Heifer ($15, $12, $10) — First, Verne Cooper on Dixie Bell
1033443; second, Leland Duff on Queen Blanchard 27th 1016717; third,
James Duff on Queen Blanchard 28th 1016718.
Champion Heifer (Trophy, offered by Wallace's Farmer, Des Moines,
Iowa) — Verne Cooper on Dixie Bell 1033443.
ABERDEEN ANGUS
Senior Heifer Calf ($15, $12, $10) — First, John Blake on Blackbird Jewell;
second, Robert Collins on Shenandoah Lassie; third, John Blake on Black-
bird Gem.
Senior Yearling Heifer ($15) — First, Joseph Caputo on Quaker Pearl.
Junior Yearling Heifer ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $5) — First, Virgil Sherwood
on Buckeye Valley Maggie 4th 352395; second, Clark Plummer on Quaker
Blackbird 2d 328642; third, Earl Korns on Walnut Dell Pride 11th 345717;
fourth, Mary Donner on Darky Girl 8th; fifth, Lloyd E. Burns on Queen
Etta B. 347820; sixth, John Blake on Blackcap Bella Donna 349439.
Champion Heifer ($25 Gold Watch, offered by the American Aberdeen
Angus Breeders' Association) — Virgil Sherwood on Buckeye Valley Maggie
4th 352395.
Group, Consisting of Five Heaa, Shown by One Club ($30, $25) — First,
Marshall County Baby Beef Club; second, Poweshiek County Baby Beef
Club.
252 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
SWINE DEPARTMENT
Superintendent Cyrus A. Tow, Norway, Iowa.
POLAND CHINA
Exhibitors — Anderson Bros., West Liberty ; Dale Barker, Keosauqua ; Bell
Bros., Wood & Brown, Atlantic; Harry Benton, Mitchellville; John Blauer,
Tingley; D. J. Burns, Stuart; Conrad & Dowling, Valley Junction; I. J. ■
Conrad, Melbourne; Marion Conrad, Melbourne; Conrad & Son, Melbourne;
W. C. Conrad, Melbourne; Wm. Cottrill, Des Moines, R. F. D. 6; G. C. Cox,
Oskaloosa; C. W. Crees, Coon Rapids, Iowa, R. F. D. 4; J. R. Crozier, Knox-
ville.; Howard Dann, Waukee; B. M. Davis & Sons, Beaver City, Neb.; M. A.
Dowling, Valley Junction; H. B. Duncan, Bagley; Ed Dvorak, Wilber, Neb.;
S. L. Farlow, Ankeny; H. Fesenmeyer & Son, Clarinda; Fesenmeyer &
Rucker Bros., Clarinda; H. B. Floto, State Center; J. M. Ford, Milo; Dr. C,
C. Franks, Grimes; C. D. Freel, Runnells; L. H. Glover, Grandview, Mo.;
Glover & Watts, Green City, Mo.; Ed. A. Greiner, Colo; Hague & Girton,
Fairfield; W. B. Halsted, Van Wert; O. J. Hess, Worthington; Earl Howard,
Shenandoah; D. E. Hudson & Sons, Montezuma; Elmer James, Selma; J. C.
Johnson, Lynnville; John Jeppson, Goldfield; Harold Jump, Waukee; Lenene
Jump, Waukee; Kessler Bros., Solon; Edd Kessel, Solon; Kessler Bros. &
Smykil, Solon; Garrett P. Klein, Altoona; James C. Lane, Greenfield; Morris
Legler, Letts; Wm. Lentz, Ankeny; C. Ray Leonard, Corning; D. C. Loner-
gan & Son, Florence Station, Omaha, Neb.; Wilfred McClanahan, Bondur-
ant, R. F. D. 2; Lawrence McGonish, West Liberty; Manchester Bros., Leon;
Mandeville & Edson, Storm Lake; O. R. Mark, Adel; H. M. Menough, Grimes;
P. M. Nichols, Iowa City; C. M. O'Neil, Colo; W. F. Otcheck & Son, Altoona;
Isaac Overton, Knoxville; D. H. Paul, Haverhill; C. W. Phillips, New Shar-
on; Omer Payne, Linden; O. E. Perry, Gilman; John L. Peters, Bouton;
Pleasant Hill Farm, Leshara, Neb.; Pray & Thomas, Allerton; L. B. Price,
Renwick; I. M. Reed, Oskaloosa; Fred G. Reis, Indianola; Willard Robin-
son, State Center; Rucker Bros., Hepburn; Mark I. Shaw, Monroe; Fred
Sievers, Audubon; Emil W. Smykil, Solon; Sophian Farms, Butler, Mo.;
J. C. Spera & Son, Winterset; Wm. Timmerman, Manning; L. R. Van Nice,
Russell; A. J. Way, New Sharon; Martin Wendres, West Liberty; Wengert
Bros., State Center, R. F. D. 1; W. L. Wiley, Menlo; Alvin Windom & Son,
Nodaway.
Judge W. L. McNutt, Ord, Neb.
Aged Boar ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Conrad & Dowling on The
Pathfinder 406701; second, Fred Sievers on Hawkeye King 407427; third,
C. M. O'Neil on The Banker 421205; fourth, Garrett P. Klein on The Head-
light 406699; fifth, Ed. A. Dvorak on Commander 2nd 430963; sixth,
Pleasant Hill Farm on Western Honor 417615; seventh, Wm. Cottrill on
The Iowan 407935.
Senior Yearling Boar ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4) — First, Kessler Bros. & Smykil
on Prospect Giant; second, Fred Sievers on Giant King 461923; third,
B. M. Davis & Sons on Black Raven 480227; fourth, C. W. Crees on Decide
Again 121533; fifth, Lester R. Van Nice on The Harvester 129924.
Junior Yearling Boar ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, H. M. Mene-
ough on The Great Mid-West 483623; second, Conrad & Dowling on The
Armistice 459203; third, L. H. Glover on Columbias Pride 129229; fourth,
C. W. Crees on Highland Ridge King 124806; fifth, J. C. Spera & Sons on
Avalon 461011; sixth, I. M. Reed on Jack O. Hearts 484691; seventh, Pray
& Thomas on Peter L. 472171.
Senior Boar Pig ($12, $10 ,$8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Conrad & Dowling
on Pathfinder Again 483057; second, L. H. Glover on Peter Grimm 129935;
third, H. M. Meneough on The Shamrock 479653; fourth, Bell Bros., Wood
& Brown on Radio 480631; fifth, C. Ray Leonard on Cashier 129396; sixth,
Kessler Bros. & Smykil; seventh, Pleasant Hill Farm on Caruso.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
253
Junior Boar Pig ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, I. J. Conrad on Buster
Hawkeye 483044; second, M. A. Dowling on By Gosh 4811931; third, L. H.
Glover on Animation 130006; fourth, I. J. Conrad on Baron Hadley 483045;
fifth, M. A. Dowling on My Gosh 481935; sixth, Ed. A. Dvorak on Lil's
Giant 1st 478731; seventh, Isaac Overton on, Giant Boy 483555.
Aged Sow ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, L. H. Glover on Liberator's
Best II 278680; second, D. C. Lonergan & Sons on Iowa Giantess 283092;
third, A. J. Way on Bob's Beauty 1511620; fourth, D. E. Hudson & Sons on
Fair Liberty 915424; fifth, Earl Howard on Long Lady Timm 269799; sixth,
L. H. Glover on Miss Highland 297016; seventh, Bell Bros., Wood & Brown
on Slim 1131610.
Senior Yearling Sow ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3) — First, Conrad & Dowling
on Hawkeye Miss 3d 1094954; second, Pleasant Hill Farm on Miss Victory
2d; third, L. H. Glover on Liberator's Pride 311486; fourth, Ed. A. Dvorak
on Black Lil 3d 1072868; fifth, Wengert Bros, on Hawkeye Miss 2d 1094952;
sixth, Kessler Bros. & Smykil.
Junior Yearling Sow ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Conrad & Dowling
on Latchnite Maid 2d 1093494; second, Conrad & Dowling- on Latchnite Maid
1093492; third, H. M. Meneough on Rainbow Queen 1102094; fourth, L. H.
Glover on Revelation's Lass 321083; fifth, Pleasant Hill Farm on Western
Queen; sixth, L. H. Glover on Liberator's Model 305513; seventh, D. C.
Lonergan & Sons on Designer Girl 297636.
Senior Sow Pig ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Conrad & Dowling on
Pathfinder Miss 2d 1186224; second, Conrad & Dowling on Rainbow Miss
1176632; third, L. H. Glover on Revelation Alice 321086; fourth, H. M.
Meneough on The Blarney Queen 1176220; fifth, Pleasant Hill Farm on
Victory Giantess 2d; sixth, H. M. Meneough on The Irish Rose 1176222;
seventh, Kessler Bros. & Smykil on Big Emma.
Junior Sow Pig ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, M. A. Dowling on
Armistice Miss 183030; second, L. H. Glover on Revelation Lillie II 321309;
third, I. J. Conrad on Hawkeye Wonder 1186210; fourth, Ed. A. Dvorak on
THE PATHFINDER
Grand Champion Poland China Boar. Conrad & Dowling, Melbourne, Iowa.
254 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Lil's Giantess 1st 1173512; fifth, Marvin Conrad; sixth, I. J. Conrad on Iowa
Lass 1186212; seventh, A. J. Way on Bob's Beauty 1st 1186814.
Senior Champion Boar ($10) — Conrad & Dowling on The Pathfinder 406701.
Junior Champion Boar ($10) — I. J. Conrad on Buster Hawkeye 483044.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($15) — Conrad & Dowling on The Path-
finder 406701.
Senior Champion Sow ($10) — L. H. Glover on Liberator's Best 2d 278680.
Junior Champion Sow ($10) — Conrad & Dowling on Pathfinder Miss 2d
1186224.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($15) — L. H. Glover on Liberator's Best
2d 278680.
Aged Herd, Owned hy Exhibitor ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4) — First, Conrad &
Dowling-; second, L. H. Glover; third, H. M. Meneough; fourth, Pleasant
Hill Farm; fifth, Kessler Bros. & Smykil.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred hy Exhibitor ($15, $12) — First, P. M. Nickols;
second, H. M. Meneough.
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Con-
rad & Dowling; second, M. A. Dowling; third, I. J. Conrad; fourth, L. H.
Glover; fifth, H. M. Meneough; sixth, Pleasant Hill Farm; seventh, A. J.
Way.
Young Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) —
First, M. A. Dowling; second, I. J. Conrad; third, L. H. Glover; fourth, H.
M. Meneough; fifth, Pleasant Hill Farm; sixth, A. J. Way; seventh, C. Ray
Leonard.
Get of Sire ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, I. J. Conrad; second, M. A.
Dowling; third, M. A. Dowling; fourth, L. H. Glover; fifth, Pleasant Hill
Farm; sixth, H. M. Meneough; seventh, A. J. Way.
Produce of Sow ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Conrad & Dowling;
second, M. A. Dowling; third, I. J. Conrad; fourth, L. H. Glover; fifth, H.
M. Meneough; sixth, A. J. Way; seventh, C. Ray Leonard.
DUROC JERSEYS.
Exhibitors — A. E. Alaway, 30th and Granger, Des Moines; A. P. Alsin,
Boone; C. E. Alsin, Boone; Ralph Allgood, Lacey; Clyde Barnett, Redfield;
Chas. L. Berry, Route No. 1, Iowa City; Fred Bonnesen, Kimballton; J. M.
Brockway & Co., Letts; A. V. Carey, Jewell; M. C. Cramer & Son, Monroe;
Chas. S. Crawford, Indianola; J. C. Danner, Yale; Roy Demory. Indianola;
J. J. Emmons, Saline, Mo.; Fernow & Enck, Marion; Lysle Fox, Dallas Cen-
ter; Virgil Fox, Dallas Center; Worlie Frost, Waukee; L. W. Gibbons, Car-
lisle; Lucian S. Gibbs, Clearfield; W. H. Gibson & Sons, Marion; Howard
B. Good, Plainfield; Hanks, Bishop & Droz, New London; Emmet C. Han-
shaw, Douds; W. H. Helmke, Renwick; Bert Holmes, Muscatine; Paul
Hoag, Muscatine; Lloyd Harvenagle, Atalissa; Frank Hawker, West Lib-
erty; W. J. Hanson, Holbrook; Jas. L. Harper & Son, Ames; Ernest J
Hawker, West Liberty; J. E. Hester, Earlham; Fred Hawker, West Liberty;
F. E. Humphrey, North English; D. E. Huston, Iowa Falls; litis & Ol-
sen, Route No. 1, Des Moines; Jones & Lengeman, Coon Rapids; Fred Knop,
Charter Oak; Leonard Lister, Marshalltown; W. W. Lockrodge, North Eng-
lish; C. W. McDuff, Monroe; R. G. McDuff, Monroe; Aloysius McKee, Creston;
McKee Bros., Creston; J. W. McGee, Melrose; A. E. Mallory, Hampton;
Mallory & Lindeman, Hampton; Mallory & Skillen, Hampton; Mallory &
Trotter, Hampton; Mallory & Wilp, Hampton; Francis Mapes, Earlham;
Middleswart & Hall, Carlisle; Miner Bros., Clear Lake; Paul Neuroth,
Haverhill; Roy Neuroth, Haverhill; Roy Nichol, Clemmons; Stacy Nicholl,
Jr., Clemons; Owen & Son, Guthrie Center; E. L. Perry, St. An-
thony; Lee A. Perry, Indianola; Ben H. Person, Adelphi; Adam Pfeiffer,
Baxter; Ray Roush, Douds; Lennie Royer, Adel; Walter Sargent, Mitchell-
ville; John Schoborg, Haverhill; I. W. Shannon, Ackworth; W. B. Shaw,
Monroe; Jake Siebrands, Allison; M. Spencer, Audubon; Ben G. Studer,
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 255
Wesley; Harold Swallow, Valley Junction; Howard Swallow, Valley Junc-
tion; Thompson & Zellmer, Atlantic; Mike Trier, Keota; United States In-
dian School, Genoa, Neb.; Roy Vaughn, Selma; Vipond & Son, Algona; C. F.
Waldo, DeWitt, Neb.; J. D. Waltemeyer & Son, Melbourne; Lloyd Wellen-
dorf, Algona; Donald Wensel, Melbourne; Grant White, Afton; R. W.
Wiles, Goddell; Wilson & Gurgery, Harlan; Harold Zellmar, Atlantic;
Oscar Zellmar, Atlantic.
Judge Chas. A. Marker, Auburn, 111.
Aged Boar ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. A. Vipond & Sons on
Sensation King 359231; second, Howard B. Good on King of Pathmasters
409199; third, Jones & Lengeman on Iowa Sensation 369277; fourth, J. D.
Waltemeyer & Son on Sky Pilot 362835; fifth, Thompson & Zellmer on
Emancipator 417201; sixth, W. H. Helmke on Reformer's Giant 436177;
seventh, Selbrand and Mallory on Path's Sensation 344163.
Senior Yearling Boar ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Hanks, Bishop
& Droz on Jr. Col. Pathfinder 412369; second, Hanks, Bishop & Droz on
Unique Colonel 410389; third, McKee Bros, on The Rival 406033; fourth, Mal-
lory & Trotter on Giant Wonder I am Jr. 424435; fifth, Fred Knop on Ideal
Orion Sensation 446165; sixth, J. E. Hester on Bandmaster 405037; seventh,
Ralph Allgood on Pathfinder Orion 443987.
Junior Yearling Boar ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. D. Walte-
meyer & Son on J. D.'s Sensation 426751; second, Fred B. Owens & Sons
on High Colonel 408435; third, M. Spencer on Good Enough Sen. 409283;
fourth, Ben H. Person on Uneeda Sensation King B. 405479; fifth, litis
and Olson on Pathfinders Last 412599; sixth, Bert Holmes on Pathfinder
Bill 457091; seventh, Vanmeter & Son's on Imperial Revelation 407437.
Senior Boar Pig ($12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Bert Holmes on Sen-
sation Jack 455099; second, Hanks, Bishop & Droz on Unique Pathmaker
456097; third, Thompson & Zellmer on Gigantic Sensation 456327; fourth,
J. D. Waltemeyer & Son on Pilot Orion 1st 454739; fifth, J. D. Waltemeyer
& Son on Pilot Orion 454737; sixth, Jones & Lengeman an Some Sensation;
seventh, W. J. Hanson on Young Raven 457017.
Junior Sow Pig ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Aloysius McKee on
Rival's Leader; second, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son on J. D. Sensation 2d
454733; third, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son on Sky Pilot Jr. 454715; fourth,
Bert Holmes on Pathfinder Bill 2d 457093; fifth, Aloysius McKee on Rivals
Masterpiece; sixth, W. W. Lockridge on Laddie 455197; seventh, W. W.
Lockridge on Exampler 455195.
Aged Sow ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, E. L. Perry on Miss Wonder
Giant 1st 939314; second, Hanks, Bishop & Droz; third, J. M. Brockway on
Delia Pathfinder Sensation 1st; fourth, J. M. Brockway on Queen of Sen-
sation 944516; fifth, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son on Wonder Maid 8th 938354;
sixth, McKee Bros, on Pathfinder Queen 1085528; seventh, McKee Bros,
on M. B.'s Giant Lady 1085338.
Senior Yearling Sow ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. D. Walte-
meyer & Son on Belle Wonder 3d 1094304; second, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son
on Belle Wonder 1094298; third, Mike Trier on Pathmaster Maid 1190338;
fourth, Fred Bonnesen on Star Lady 1074330; fifth, U. S. Indian School on
Utmost Lady 1071538; sixth, Jones & Lengeman on Eveland's Sensation Col
1028200; seventh, Fred Bonnesen on Star Lady 2d 1074332.
Junior Yearling Sow ($15, $12, $S, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, McKee Bros, on
M. B.'s Giantess; second, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son on Wonder Belle 1186438;
third, Hanks, Bishop & Droz on Miss Royal Wonder 2d 1180216; fourth,
Hanks, Bishop & Droz on Miss Royal 3d 1180218; fifth, McKee Bros, on
Rival's Lady 1072454; sixth, A. E. Mallory on Trailfinder's Mae 3d 1223336;
seventh, U. S. Indian School on Miss Critic Prince 3d 1071534.
Senior Sow Pig ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. D. Waltemeyer &
Son on Miss Sky Pilot 1st 1221960; second, Hanks, Bishop & Droz on Rosa
Pathmarker 1225072; third, Hanks, Bishop & Droz on Rosa Pathmarker
256
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
2d 1225066; fourth, Jones & Lengeman on Iowa's Pride II; fifth, J. D.
Waltemeyer & Son on Miss Pilot 1221958; sixth, W. J. Hanson on Raven
Lady 1227426; seventh, U. S. Indian School on Wonder Princess 1219438.
Junior Sow Pig ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, W. W. Lockridge on
Lady 1223042; second, W. W. Lockridge on Lassie 1223040; third, J. D.
Waltemeyer & Son on Sensation Bell 1st 1221946; fourth, J. D. Waltemeyer
& Son on Sensation Bell 2d 1221948; fifth, Donald Wensel on Don's Sen-
sation 1st 1221938; sixth, McKee Bros, on Pathfinder Pet; seventh, Lester
Leonard on Pilots Rose 1st.
Senior Champion Boar ($10) — J. A. Vipond & Sons on Sensation King
359231.
Junior Champion Boar ($10) — Bert Holmes on Sensation Jack 455099.
SENSATION KING
Grand Champion Duroc Boar. J. A. Vipond & Sons, Algona, Iowa.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($15) — J. A. Vipond & Sons on Sensation
King 359231.
Senior Champion Sow ($10) — McKee Bros, on M. B. Giantess.
Junior Champion Sow ($10) — W. W. Lockridge on Lady 1223042.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($15) — McKee Bros, on M. B. Giantess.
Aged Herd, Owned hy Exhibitor ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2)— First, J. D.
Waltemeyer & Son; second, Hanks, Bishop & Droz; third, McKee Bros ;
fourth, J. M. Brockway; fifth, Jones & Lengeman; sixth, Thompson & Zell-
mer; seventh, U. S. Indian School.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3) —
First, McKee Bros.; second, Jones & Lengeman; third, U. S. Indian School;
fourth, Jones & Lengeman; fifth, Fred Bonnesen; sixth, A. E. Mallory.
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First,
Hanks, Bishop & Droz; second, W. W. Lockridge; third, J. D. Waltemeyer
& Son; fourth, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son; fifth, Bert Holmes; sixth, Aloysius
McKee; seventh, Jones & Lengeman.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 257
Young Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) —
First, W. W. Lockridge; second. J. D. Waltemeyer & Son; third, J. D. Walt.e-
meyer & Son; fourth, McKee Bros.; fifth, Jones & Lengeman; sixth, Thomp-
son & Zellmer; seventh, Bert Holmes.
Get of Sire ($15, $12, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, McKee Bros.; second,
Hanks, Bishop & Droz; third, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son; fourth, Hanks,
Bishop & Droz; fifth, W. W. Lockridge; sixth, U. S. Indian School; seventh,
J. D. Waltemeyer & Son.
Produee of Sow ($15, $12, $8, $6. $4, $3, $2) — First, Aloysius McKee;
second, J. D. Waltemeyer & Son; third, Hanks, Bishop & Droz; fourth,
W. W. Lockridge; fifth, U. S. Indian School; sixth, J. D. Waltemeyer &
Son; seventh, Jones & Lengeman.
CHESTER WHITES
Exhibitors — A. F. Anderson, Selma ; Wells B. Andrews, New London ; J.
L. Barber, Harlan; Chas. Barr, Ames; Lester Brand, West Liberty; W. T.
Barr, Ames; B. M. Boyer & Son, Farmington; John Brauchle, Fort Dodge;
Chas. T. Bronn. Webster City; Clifford Cochran, West Liberty; Fred L,
Cooper. Ames; Wm. Denen, Joy, 111.; J. L. Dickerson, Knoxville; Dale Fos-
ter, West Liberty; W. S. French & Son, Farmington; G. R. Gilbert, Prairie
City; M. P. Herbert, Atlantic; George Herwehe, Monroe; Fred S. Hime-
bauch, Estherville; E. F. Johnson. Guernsey; C. H. Jones, Oxford Junction;
R. J. Jones, Iowa City; J. H. Lachmiller, Webster City; Geo. A. Lasley &
Son, Selma; J. A. Loughridge & Sons, Delta; L. L. Lyle, Webster City;
Mahannahs, North English; Will Michael, Selma; E. L. Nagle & Son,
Deep River; Fred Newsome, North English; Edw. Niederhauser, Marshall-
town; C. S. Rock, West Liberty; Arthur W. Runft, Reinbeck; Clarence
Runft, Reinbeck; Elmer F. Stimmell & Son, Oxford; Albert H. Stuart, New
Hall; R. B. Tubhs, Emerson; Lloyd Walters, West Liberty; Leonard Willey,
Menlo; R. E. Williams, Iowa City.
Judge Chas. A. Marker,, Auburn, 111.
Aged Boar ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, G. R. Gilbert on Big
Improver 96137; second, W. T. Barr on Big Joe's Monster 98535; third,
John Brauchle on Scottlea Man O'War 106887; fourth, L. L. Lyle on Giant
Model 99361; fifth, B. M. Boyer & Son on Gem the Giant 20287; sixth, M. P.
Herbert on Aviator 75733; seventh, Leonard Willey on High Back Defender
220043.
Senior Yearling Boar ($15, $12, $10) — First, Fred Newsome on Modern
Giant 116413; second, Albert H. Stuart on Iowan's Pilot 105539; third,
L. L. Lyle on White Giant C 220775.
Junior Yearling Boar ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. L. Dick-
erson on Big Iowan 105541; second, J. L. Barber on Bayardsdale Prince
119681; third, Leonard Willey on Defender 1st 105185; fourth, J. H. Lach-
miller on Western King 106017; fifth, R. B. Tubbs on Alfalfa Promoter
108805; sixth, Geo. Herewehe on Prairie Boy 111985; seventh. W. T. Barr
on Sensation's Prince 105649; eighth, R. E. Williams on Bonnie's Favorite
105787.
Senior Boar Pig ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Mahannahs on
Bim O. K. 222195; second, G. R. Gilbert on High Boy 220879; third, W. T.
Barr on Hiland Critic 109649; fourth, W. T. Barr on Big- Leader 109653;
fifth, Wells B. Andrews on Wakawa 221285; sixth, B. M. Boyer & Sons on
True Type 220915; seventh, L. L. Lyle on Lyle's Model 220771; eighth,
John Brauchle on Long Bone Buster 221637.
Junior Boar Pig ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2)— First, Mahannahs on
O. K.'s G. I. I. 221089; second, B. M. Boyer & Sons on Leading Type 10th
220903; third, Mahannahs on O. K.'s Speed Limit 221083; fourth, J. L,
Dickerson on Iowa Mogul 224721; fifth, C. S. Rock on Silver Chimes 221785;
sixth, W. T. Barr on The Rambler 221917; seventh, J. L. Dickerson on Iowa
Advance 224723; eighth, G. R. Gilbert on Big Giant 220873.
17
258
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Aged Sow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Arthur W. Runft on
Big Lady 1st 218934; second, B. M. Boyer & Son on Mona 10th 34838; third,
J. L. Dickerson on Lady Giantess 244860; fourth, Chas. F. Brown on
Onega's Best 183776; fifth, Chas. F. Brown on Alfalfa Lady 177888; sixth,
G. R. Gilbert on Prairie Princess 230344; seventh, W. T. Barr on Ethel Bell
221320; eighth, John Brauchle on Soldier Creek Surprise 153162.
Senior Yearling Sow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Wells B. Andrews
on O. K.'s W. P. 3rd 246582; second, R. B. Tubbs on Tubbs Princess 275098;
third, W. T. Barr on Miss Model 269864; fourth, John Brauchle on Miss
Over The Top 285106; fifth, R. E. Williams on Big Doll 286152; sixth, B.
M. Boyer & Sons on Combination Lady 2d 273574.
Junior Yearling Sow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, Arthur W.
Runft on Giantess A. 273310; second, B. M. Boyer & Son on Ideal Type
283356; third, W. T. Barr on Model Girl 5th 256804; fourth, B. M. Boyer
& Son on Lady Advance 2d 244764; fifth, G. R. Gilbert on Miss Improver
246752; sixth, W. T. Barr on Highland Lady 8th 256800; seventh, Arthur
W. Runft on Giantess B. 273316; eighth, R. E. Williams on Goldie 246504.
Senior Sow Pig ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. L. Barber on
J. L.'s Delight 283882; second, W. T. Barr on Big Lady 256806; third,
B. M. Boyer & Son on Princess L's Type 283346; fourth, Arthur W. Runft on
Buster Lady 1st 281496; fifth, R. E. Williams on Rainbow Sail 287672;
sixth, Wells B. Andrews on Elnora A. 283662; seventh, Mahannahs on
Smiles 283768; eighth, G. R. Gilbert on High Girl 283290.
Junior Sow Pig ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, C. S. Rock on
Miss Chimes 1st 283668; second, W. T. Barr on Lady Marie III 285594;
third, Albert H. Stuart on Pilots Princess 283990; fourth, J. L. Dickerson
on Iowa Princess 294564; fifth, Mahannahs on O. K.'s W. P. 6th 283776;
sixth, C. S. Rock on Miss Chimes 2d 283670; seventh, Albert H. Stuart on
Pilots Princess 2d 283992; eighth, W. • T. Barr on Lady II 285592.
Senior Champion Boar ($10) — Fred Newsome on Modern Giant 116413.
MODERN GIANT
Grand Champion Chester White Boar. Fred Newsome, North English, Iowa.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 259
t
Junior Champion Boar ($10) — Mahannahs on Bim O. K.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($10) — Fred Newsome on Modern Giant
116413.
Senior Champion Sow ($10) — Wells B. Andrews on O. K.'s W. P. 3rd
246582.
Junior Champion Sow ($10) — J. L. Barber on J. L.'s Delight 2S3882.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($10) — Wells B. Andrews on O. K.'s
W. P. 3rd 2465S2.
Aged Herd, Owned hy Exhibitor ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $5, $4, $3) — First,
G. R. Gilbert; second, B. M. Boyer & Son; third, W. T. Barr; fourth, Arthur
W. Runft; fifth, Chas. F. Brown; sixth, R. E. Williams; seventh, John
Brauchle; eighth, Leonard Willey.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7) — First,
B. M. Boyer & Sons; second, W. T. Barr; third, John Brauchle; fourth,
Leonard Willey; fifth, Arthur W. Runft.
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $5, $4, $3) —
First, Mahannahs; second, C. S. Rock; third, B. M. Boyer & Son; fourth.
W. T. Barr; fifth, Arthur W. Runft; sixth, Wells B. Andrews; seventh,
G. R. Gilbert; eighth, Albert H. Stuart.
Young Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $5, $4,
$3) — First, Mahannahs; second, C. S. Rock; third, B. M. Boyer & Sons;
fourth, W. T. Barr; fifth, Arthur W. Runft; sixth, G. R. Gilbert; seventh,
Albert H. Stuart; eighth, L. L. Lyle.
Get of Sire ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4) — First, Mahannahs; second,
Mahannahs; third, B. M. Boyer & Sons; fourth, W. T. Barr; fifth, C. S.
Rock; sixth, W. T. Barr; seventh, Arthur W. Runft; eighth, G. R. Gilbert.
Produee of Sow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4) — First, Mahannahs;
second, B. M. Boyer & Sons; third, W. T. Barr; fourth, C. S. Rock; fifth,
W. T. Barr; sixth, G. R. Gilbert; seventh, Arthur W. Runft; eighth, Wells
B. Andrews.
HAMPSHIRES
Exhibitors — Chas. (Baldwin, Gladbrook ; Carroll Bennett, Dexter ; Verle
Bennett, Dexter; Walter Berkhiser, Mt. Pleasant, R. F. D. 3; Bockleman
& Mills, Sioux City; C. S. Bratt & Son, Arapahoe, Neb.; P. P. Ceders, Genoa,
Neb.; B. G. Chaplin & Son, Mt. Sterling; Hendrickson & Lang Bros., Brook-
lyn; E. L. Hem, Selma; Chas. Hibbs, Le Grand; Ralph Hibbs, Le Grand;
L. T. Hibbs, Le Grand; N. B. Hoskins & Son, Cantril; Howard Hunt, Red-
field; Merrill Hunt, Redfield; Burton F. Huston, Waukee; Johnson & Chris-
tianson, Genoa, Neb.; E. E. Johnson, Genoa, Neb.; Chas. Kelly & Sons,
Iowa City, R. F. D. 7; Clarence Kruse, West Liberty; Leland Keen, Le
Grand; Oscar Klein, Alden; E. D. Lawson & Sons, Ravenwood, Mo.; Levson
Bros., Wyoming; Lewis Bros. & DeKalb, Osceola; Dorel Miller, Muscatine;
Mahaffa & McConnell, Waukee, R. F. D. 1; H. G. Manuel & Son, Center
Junction; Meier Bros., Melbourne; C. M. Merkley, Sac City; Clayton Mess-
enger, Keswick; M. C. Morrison, Adelphi; Edwin Nay, West Liberty; Ray
C. Peet, Martelle; R. L. Pemberton, Le Grand; Merrill Radloff, Le Grand;
A. M. Railsbach, Griswold; Harold Robinson, Rhodes; Carl Rylander, Le
Grand; J. M. Sanders, Hartley; Will Sargent, Brooklyn; L. E. and Marie
Sipple, Kalona; Art Shaw, Oskaloosa, R. F. D. 2; Ed Steffens, Lowden;
Frank W. Talbott, Selma; F. W. Timmerman, West Liberty; Julius Tim-
merman, West Liberty; Elmer Tow, Martelle; Boyd G. Weidlein, Webster
City; Albert Weiss, Denison; Walter "Weiss, Denison; Wickfield Farms,
Cantril; W. F. Yongst & Son, State Center; Julius Zimmerman, West Lib-
erty.
Judge T. A. Flenner, Ashmore, 111.
Aged Boar ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, Mahaffa & McConnell
on The Peer 81521; second, Wickfield Farms on Lookout Quicksilver
260 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
80089; third, C. M. Merkey on The Pilot 86515; fourth, F. W. Timmerman
on Wickware Tommey 58193; fifth, B. G. Chaplin & Son on Lookout Wood-
row 103799; sixth, Art Shaw on Rainbow Kink 96675; seventh, Levsen Bros,
on Villager Lad 99075; eighth, P. P. Cedar on Nebraska King 80305.
Senior Yearling Boar ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5)— First, H. G.
Manuel & Sons on Prince Tommy 101055; second, Clayton Messenger on
Hawkeye Col. 103081; third, Lewis Bros. & DeKalb on DeKalbs King
202d 118743; fourth, Wickfield Farms on Lookout Giant 114145; fifth, Albert
"Weiss on la. Lad Jr. 103013; sixth, F. W. Timmerman on D. K. King's
Pal 103837; seventh, Charles Kelley & Sons on Tommy Boy 103319; eighth,
C. M. Merkey on Cavilier Lad 103285.
Junior Yearling Boar ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, Chas.
Kelly & Sons on Monarch's Defender 103327; second, Wickfield Farms on
Wickware Radio 119107; third, O. T. Klein on Hawkeye Side Light 113175;
fourth, Boyd G. Weidlein on Lookout Starlight's Lad 102865; fifth, C. M.
Merkey on Big Bone Equal 119485; sixth, Levsen Bros, on Lookout La Salle
120289; seventh, Clayton Messenger on Masterpiece 106839; eighth, Meier
Bros, on Wickware Giant 104323.
Senior Boar Pig ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, F. W. Timmerman
on W. T. Charmer 120499; second, Levsen Bros, on Lookout Dale 118783;
third, F. W. Timmerman on Royal Cherokee Jr. 120505; fourth, J. M. San-
ders on Giant Jr. Again 119343; fifth, Hendrickson & Lang on Pershing
Advocate 120015; sixth, Chas. Kelly & Sons on Busy American 121065; sev-
enth, C. S. Bratt & Son on Bratt & Autlers King 15th 118411; eighth, Wick-
field Farms on Lookout Ridgeway 120569.
Junior Boar Pig ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, Chas. Kelly &
Sons on Jack Defender 121067; second, J. M. Sanders on Goliath 120059;
third, M. C. Morrison on Morrell's Ace 119731; fourth, Will Sargent on To-
day's Marvel 120021; fifth, Backelman & Mills on Tommie Donuno; sixth,
Chas. Kelly & Sons on Defender's Rival 121069; seventh, J. M. Sanders on
Giant W. 119335; eighth, F. W. Timmerman on Royal Defender 120507.
Aged Sow ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, J. M. Sanders on Minnie
3d 223490; second, J. M. Sanders on Minnie 9th 223502; third, Wickfield
Farms on Inez Wickware 182334; fourth, F. W. Timmerman on Miss Rex-
etta 219848; fifth, Wickfield Farms on Roxy May Lookout 212116; sixth,
C. M. Merkey on Maple Wood Maid 237030; seventh, L. T. Hibbs on Lettie
207560; eighth, Boyd G. Weidlein on Flora Tipton Starlight 245708.
Senior Yearling Sow ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, Elmer Tow on
Ruby Parole 251614; second, C. M. Merkey on Iowa Priness 251578; third,
F. W. Timmerman on Sarah 253100; fourth, Wickfield Farms on Lookout
Fancy 251824; fifth, Boyd G. Weidlein on Favorite Starlight 245706; sixth,
Chas. Kelly & Sons on Lieutenant Caroline 251650; seventh, Johnson &
Christenson on Silver Queen I Am 6th 251904; eighth, E. E. Johnson & Son
on Silver Queen I Am 7th 251906.
Junior Yearling Sow ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, Chas. Kelly &
Sons on Giant Jane 251652; second, Hendrickson & Lang on Pershing's
Queen 304388; third, Boyd G. Weidlein on Favorite's Best 250286; fourth,
Hendrickson & Lang on Pershing's Lady 304386; fifth, Boyd G. Weidlein on
Lookout Starlight's Lady 250292; sixth, Chas. Kelly & Sons on Cherokee
Pet 6th 268184; seventh, Elmer Tow on Grace Parole 251624; eighth, F. W.
Timmerman on Model's Pride 253108.
Senior Sow Pig ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First, Wickfield Farms
on Lookout Melba 306046; second, F. W. Timmerman on Miss Rose Bud
305772; third, Wickfield Farms on Lookout Roseland 306052; fourth, Hen-
drickson & Lang on Topsy Again 304120; fifth, R. L. Pemberton on Sioux
Maid 304502; sixth, Levsen Bros, on Lookout Pauline 305056; seventh. Chas.
Kelly & Sons on Betty Lass 307478; eighth, C. S. Bratt & Son on Bratt's
Queen 15th 298892.
Junior Sow Pig ($18, $15, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5)— First, Julius Timmerman
on Miss Rainbow 305778; second, Merrill Hunt on Merry Girl; third, Wick-
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
261
field Farms on Winnie Wickware 306826; fourth, M. C. Morrison on Mor-
rel's Lady 303600; fifth, Chas. Kelly & Sons on Wayward Lady 307484; sixth,
^iola Yongst on Miss Longfellow 2d; seventh, F. W. Timmerman on Royal's
Girl 305762; eighth, M. C. Morrison on Maud's Best 303596.
Senior Champion Boar ($10) — H. G. Manuel & Sons on Prince Tommy
101055.
Junior Champion Boar
120499.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($10)
Tommy 101055.
($10) — F. W. Timmerman on W.
Charmer
-H. G. Manuel & Son on Prince
PRINCE TOMMY
Grand Champion Hampshire Boar. H. G. Manuel & Son, Center Junction,
Iowa.
Senior Champion Sow ($10) — Chas. Kelly & Sons on Giant Jane 251652.
Junior Champion Sow ($10) — Julius Timmerman on Miss Rainbow 305778.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($10) — Chas. Kelly & Sons on Giant Jane
251652.
Aged Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($20, $15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First,
Chas. Kelly & Sons; second, Wickfield Farms; third, F. W. Timmerman;
fourth, Wickfield Farms; fifth, C. M. Merkey; sixth, Hendrickson & Lang;
seventh, Boyd G. Weidlein; eighth, Elmer Tow.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($20, $15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5)
— First, Wickfield Farm; second, F. W. Timmerman; third, C. M. Merkey;
fourth, Hendrickson & Lang; fifth, Boyd G. Weidlein; sixth, Elmer Tow;
seventh, Clayton Messenger; eighth, J. M. Sanders.
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($20, $15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5) — First,
F. W. Timmerman; second, Wickfield Farm; third, M. C. Morrison; fourth,
Chas. Kelly & Sons; fifth, Julius Timmerman; sixth, J. M. Sanders; seventh,
C. S. Bratt & Son; eighth, F. W. Timmerman.
Young Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($20, $15, $12, $10, $8, $8, $8,
$6) — First, F. W. Timmerman; second, Wickfield Farm; third, M. C. Morri-
262 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
son; fourth, Chas. Kelly & Sons; fifth, J. M. Sanders; sixth, C. S. Bratt &
Son; seventh, F. W. Timmerman; eighth, Levson Bros.
Get of Sire ($20, $15, $12, $10, $8, $8, $8, $6) — First, F. W. Timmerman;
second, Chas. Kelly & Sons; third, Wickfield Farm; fourth, Hendrickson &
Lang-; fifth, M. C. Morrison; sixth, Boyd G. Weidlein; seventh, Elmer Tow;
eighth, J. M. Sanders.
Produce of Sow ($20, $15, $12, $10, $8, $8, $8, $6) — First, Eimer Tow; sec-
ond, Julius Timmerman; third, Wickfield Farm; fourth, J. M. Sanders;
fifth, Boyd G. Weidlein; sixth, TSL C. Morrison; seventh, C. S. Bratt & Sou;
eighth, Clayton Messenger.
SPECIAL PRIZES.
Offered by the Iowa Hampshire Breeders' Association.
Best Pair of Pigs, Under Six Months ($25, $20, $15, $10, $5, $3, $2) — First,
lulius Timmerman; second, Chas. Kelly & Sons; third, M. C. Morrison;
fourth, Levsen Bros.; fifth, Wickfield Farms; sixth, Boyd G. Weidlein; sev-
enth, F. W. Timmerman.
Four Pigs, Any Sex, Under Six Months ($25, $20, $15, $10, $5, $3 $2) —
First, M. C. Morrison; second, Chas. Kelly & Sons; third, Julius Timmer-
man; fourth, Wickfield Farms; fifth, Boyd G. Weidlein; sixth, F. W. Tim-
merman; seventh, Levsen Bros.
SPOTTED POLAND CHINAS.
Exhibitors — L. R. Barton, Bondurant ; Carl I. Bingley, Carlisle ; Blanke
Bros., Taintor; Frank Bragdon, Route No. 1, Ankeny; Wm. Buchanan. Adel;
Clyde L. Burkett, Minburn; Robt. Butler, Prairie City; Donald Clayton,
Waukee; Verne Clayton, Waukee; Ivan Compton, Dexter; Dauley Bros.,
Prairie City; R. W. Davisson, North English; W. W. Davisson & Sons, Well-
man; H. A. Dunlap, Williamsburg; C. B. Evitt, Menlo; J. C. Freel, Runnells;
Earl Fry, Iowa City; Fred Goetry, Russell; T. M. Hayden, Creston; Foss O.
Heaton, Shannon City; F. L. Jackson, Yetter; Bliss James, Carlisle; A.
Lamas, Piano; Laughlin & Co., 219 Adams St., Creston; D. L. Millsap, Pow-
ersville, Mo.; Moore & Miller, Belton, Mo.; Geo. B. Morrison, Batavia; Glen
Mortimer, Minburn; C. C. Nichols, Prairie City; Richard Olsen, Adel; Vernon
R. Olson, Dunbar; Paul A. Palmer, What Cheer; Reinert & Son, Harper;
Shaver & Fry, Kalona; John T. Sutliff, Huntsville, Mo.; Taylor & Taylor,
What Cheer; J. O. Van Devender, Adel; J. P. Williams, Springville.
Judge Clayton Messenger., Keswick, Iowa.
Aged Boar ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Taylor & Taylor on
Giant Improver 16533; second, Wm. Reinert & Son on Up English Buster
33863; third, Earl Fry on English Pathfinder 33857; fourth, Blanke Bros, on
Arch Back Master 46635; fifth, Paul A. Palmer on English Buster 33865;
sixth, Shaver & Fry on Buster Bill 31689; seventh, L. P. Townsend on Car-
mine's Arch Back 1st 32399; eighth, W. W. Davisson & Sons on Ranger's
Pride 36145.
Sen.ior Yearling Boar ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $S, $7)— First, T. M. Hayden
on English Extreme Type 53573; second, Carl I. Bingley on Repeater 46639;
third, G. B. Morrison on Spotted Joe 2d 53949; fourth, Danley Bros, on F.'s
Crystal 53813; fifth, H. A. Dunlap on Arch Back Chanclor; sixth, C. B. Evitt
on Duke's Chief 60431; seventh, D. S. Millsap on American Arch Back
54729.
Junior Yearling Boar ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Taylor &
Taylor on Arch Back Rainbow King 57823; second, Bliss James on The
Highlander 68945; third, C. B. Evitt on Peerless Giant 64151; fourth, Shaver
& Fry on Pathmaster 61921; fifth, A. Lamas on The Marnel's Im'p. Wonder
69107; sixth, Blanke Bros, on Perfect Marvel 68401; seventh, Elmer E.
Strimmel on English Booster; eighth, H. A. Dunlap on Dunlap's Arch Back.
Senior Boar Pig ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Earl Fry on
English Improver; second, Taylor & Taylor on T.'s Masterpiece 68247;
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 263
third, Taylor & Taylor on Creator 64871; fourth, Bliss James on Marnel's
Supreme 68949; fifth, Danley Bros, on Gay Booster 70343; sixth, Shaver &
Fry on Silver Spot 67229; seventh, H. A. Dunlap on Type Promotor; eighth,
C. B. Evitt on Argonaut.
Junior Boar Pig ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Earl Fry on
Royal Pathfinder; second, W. W. Davisson & Sons on Supreme Lad 68833;
third, Earl Fry on Pathfinders Equal; fourth, Fred Goltry on Yankee
Doodle 69013; fifth, Fred Goltry on Syracuse 69009; sixth, Shaver & Fry on
English Harvester 67437; seventh, L. R. Barton on Pickett King's Pride
68581; eighth, W. W. Davisson & Sons on Pilot's Orange 68831.
Aged Sow ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Paul A. Palmer on
Clanmaster Kind 113S20; second, Paul A. Palmer on Clanmaster Type
113818; third, Taylor & Taylor on Giant's Buster Masterpiece 79702; fourth,
Earl Fry on Duke's Giantess 77488; fifth, Shaver & Fry on English Maid I
90984; sixth, C. B. Evitt on O Bena 45th 76830; seventh, R. W. Davission on
Spotted Giantess 118810; eighth, W. W. Davisson & Sons on Pilot Queen
147446.
Senior Yearling Sow ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Taylor &
Taylor on Corrector's Giantess 198182; second, W. W. Davisson & Sons on
Pilot Lady 198994; third, Taylor & Taylor on North 154932; fourth, Shaver
& Fry on F.'s Julien 164548; fifth, George B. Morrison on Big Susan 194931;
sixth, R. Laughlin & Co. on High Spot Maid 187608; seventh, R. Laughlin
& Co. on Dolly Dimple 141582; eighth, Earl Fry on Miss English 141298.
Junior Yearling Sow ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6)— First, Taylor &
Taylor on Designer's Giantess 198186; second, Clyde L. Burkett on Lady
Bell 194462; third, Shaver & Fry on Spotted Maid IV 194184; fourth, Taylor
& Taylor on Lady Pickett 141704; fifth, C. B. Evitt on Lady La Fayette;
sixth, J. C. Freel on Defiandt Pickets Lady 177464; seventh, W. AY. Davisson
& Sons on Miss Challenger 198998; eighth, A. Lamas on King's Girl 159572.
Senior Sow Pig ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Earl Fry on Miss
Royal; second, Taylor & Taylor on Taylor's Sunbeam 187456; third, Earl
Fry on Miss Royal 1st; fourth, J. R. Crozier on English Giantess I 199044;
fifth, Taylor & Taylor on Creatoress 200760; sixth, Frank Bragdon on
Spotted Princess 199188; seventh, A. Lamas on The Marnel's Im'p. Lady II
200930; eighth, C. B. Evitt on English Grace.
Junior Sow Pig ($20, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Earl Fry on Miss
Giantess; second, Shaver & Fry on Harvester's Lady II 194578; third, Rob-
ert Butler on Blue Eyed Girl; fourth, W. W. Davisson & Sons on Miss
Supreme 199502; fifth, Fred Goltry on Xylene 199956; sixth, A. Lamas; sev-
enth, Blanke Bros, on Blanke's Beauty 199480; eighth, R. Laughlin on
Pearl Doll.
Senior Champion Boar ($10) — Taylor & Taylor on Giant Improver 16533.
Junior Champion Boar ($10) — Earl Fry on Royal Pathfinder.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($10) — Taylor & Taylor on Giant Im-
prover 16533.
Senior Champion Sow ($10) — Taylor & Taylor on Designer's Giantess
198186.
Junior Champion Sow ($10) — Earl Fry on Miss Royal.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($10) — Taylor & Taylor on Designer's
Giantess 198186.
Aged Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($25, $20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $10) —
First, Taylor & Taylor; second, Taylor & Taylor; third, Paul A. Palmer;
fourth, Shaver & Fry; fifth, Earl Fry; sixth, W. W. Davisson & Sons; sev-
enth, A. Lamas; eighth, R. Laughlin & Co.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($25, $20, $15, $12) — First, Tay-
lor & Taylor; second, Shaver & Fry; third, Taylor & Taylor; fourth, R.
Laughlin & Co.
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($25, $20, $15, $12, $10, $10 $10, $8) —
First, Earl Fry; second, Earl Fry; third, Taylor & Taylor; fourth, W. W.
264 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
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Grand Champion Spotted Poland China Boar. Taylor & Taylor,
What Cheer, Iowa.
Davisson & Sons; fifth, C. B. Evitt; sixth, Paul A. Palmer; seventh, Blanke
Bros.; eighth, H. A. Dunlap.
Young: Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($25, $20, $15, $12, $10, $10,
$10, $10) — First, Earl Fry; second, Earl Fry; third, Taylor & Taylor;
fourth, W. W. Davisson & Sons; fifth, C. B. Evitt; sixth, Paul A. Palmer;
seventh, Blanke Bros.; eighth, H. A. Dunlap.
Get of Sire ($25, $20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $10)— First, Earl Fry; second,
Earl Fry; third, Taylor & Taylor; fourth, W. W. Davisson & Sons; fifth,
A. Lamas; sixth, Shaver & Fry; seventh, T. M. Hay den; eighth, W. W.
Davisson & Sons.
Produce of Sow ($25, $20, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $10) — First, Earl Fry;
second, Taylor & Taylor; third, W. W. Davisson & Son; fourth, A. Lamas;
fifth, Shaver & Fry; sixth, W. W. Davisson & Sons; seventh, C. B. Evitt;
eighth, R. Laughlin & Co.
BERKSHIRES.
Exhibitors — Clarence Dickerson, Dallas Center ; Rookwood Farm, Ames.
Judge F. F. Silver, Cantril, Iowa.
Aged Boar ($10) — First, Rookwood Farm on Laurel Leader 314000.
Junior Yearling Boar ($8) — First, Rookwood Farm on Ames Rival 224
304240.
Senior Boar Pig ($8) — First, Rookwood Farm on Ames Laurel 9th 313046.
Junior Boar Pig ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, Rookwood Farm on Lord Rival;
second, Clarence Dickerson on Dickerson's Model; third, Clarence Dicker-
son on Dickerson's Model 2d; fourth, Rookwood Farm on Lord Rival 2d.
Aged Sow ($10) — First, Rookwood Farm on Rookwood Lady 178, 303612.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 265
Senior Yearling Sow ($10) — First, Rookwood Farm on Winona Laurel
Lady 300043.
Junior Yearling Sow ($8, $6) — First, Rookwood Farm on Ames Lady 3d
312643; second, Rookwood Farm on Ames Lady 4th 312644.
Senior Sow Pig ($S) — First, Rookwood Farm on Rookwood Nina 313045.
Junior Sow Pig ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, Clarence Dickerson on Dickerson's
Model Girl; second, Clarence Dickerson on Dickerson's Model Girl 2d; third,
Rookwood Farm on Ames Lady 6th; fourth, Rookwood Farm on Ames
Lady 7th.
Senior Champion Boar ($5) — Rookwood Farm on Laurel Leader 314000.
Junior Champion Boar ($5) — Rookwood Farm on Lord Royal 3d.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($5) — Rookwood Farm on Laurel Leader
314000.
Senior Champion Sow ($5) — Rookwood Farm on Rookwood Lady 178th
303612.
Junior Champion Sow ($5) — First, Clarence Dickerson on Dickerson's
Model 2d.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($5) — Rookwood Farm on Rookwood
Lady 178, 303612.
Aged Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($10) — First, Rookwood Farm.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($10) — First, Rookwood Farm.
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($10) — First, Rookwood Farm.
Young Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor (10) — First, Rookwood Farm.
Get of Sire ($10, $7) — First, Rookwood Farm; second, Clarence Dickerson.
Produce of Sow ($10, $7) — First, Rookwood Farm; second, Clarence
Dickerson.
TAMWORTHS.
Exhibitors — A. E. Augustine, Rose Hill ; Chas. Barr, R. 4, Ames ; Jas. E.
Crum, Dallas City, 111.; Robt. Davis, Iowa City; C. A. Garrett, La Harpe,
111.; L. B. Graham, Cedar Rapids; B. F. Harris Farms, Seymour, 111.; H. E.
Herrington & Son, R. 1, Dysart; Joy & Hunter, Ames; J. W. Justice & Son.
R. 7, Iowa City; J. B. Mackoy, Farragut; David S. Murphy, Ames; H. S.
Murphy & Sons, Ames; Nield Bros., Ogden; D. M. Overholt, Iowa City; Over-
holt Sisters, Iowa City; Probst Bros., Iowa City; A. T. Roberts, State Cen-
ter; Art Shaw, R. 2, Oskaloosa; Snyder & Snyder, Oskaloosa; Clair Terrill,
Redfield; Linene Terrill, Redfield; E. O. Thomas & Son, R. 2. Iowa City;
W. A. Thomas & Son, R. 2, Iowa City; D. E. Yoder, Williamsburg.
Judge C. C. Roup, Iowa City, Iowa.
Aged Boar ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, A. E. Augustine on Rose
Hill Anchor 25277; second, W. A. Thomas & Son on Glenary Quaker 24545;
third, Jas. E. Crum on Fairview Prince 25044; fourth, J. W. Justice & Sons
on Anthony 23619; fifth, Snyder & Snyder on Rose Hill King 24928; sixth,
D. E. Yoder on Glenary Long Boy 22046; seventh, H. E. Herrington & Sons
on Ardmore Boy 24812.
Senior Yearling Boar ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5) — First, Snyder & Snyder on
Home Farm King XII 25210; second, Jas. E. Crum on Home Farm Duke I
25488; third, D. E. Yoder on Big Ben 27551; fourth, C. A. Garrett on Red
Buster 25370; fifth, B. F. Harris Farms on Home Farm Duke IV 25491.
Junior Yearling Boar ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2)— First, D. M. Overholt
on Iowa Chief 26278; second, Probst Bros, on Ardmore's Giant 26132; third.
Nield Bros, on Oakland Long Boy 2555S; fourth. J. B. Mackoy on Perfect
Lad II 25613; fifth, H. S. Murphy & Sons on Greenwood Lad II 25839; sixth,
B. F. Harris Farms on Home Farm Duke XI 25508; seventh, B. F. Harris
Farms on Home Farm Duke XV 25522.
Senior Boar Pig ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, B. F. Harris Farms on
266 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Home Farm Prince IX 27028; second, W. A. Thomas & Son on Oak Grove
Lad 27607; third, H. S. Murphy & Sons on Ames High Boy 27444; fourth,
Jas. E. Crum on Plainview Red Fairview 27611; fifth, Jas. E. Crum on Fair-
view Hill Prince IV 27525; sixth, D. E. Yoder on Long Buster 27504; sev-
enth, A. E. Augustine on Flowerdale Big Orange 27011.
Junior Boar Pig ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, Jas. E. Crum on Fair-
view Hill Chieftain 27537; second, J. B. Mackoy on Gold Rose Man 27353;
third, Overholt Sisters on Seven Oaks Mac I 27563; fourth. B. F. Harris
Farms on Home Farm Max VII 27273; fifth, Snyder & Snyder on Bernard
Crescent 27491; sixth, J. B. Mackoy on Gold Rose Man II 27354; seventh, Jas.
E. Crum on Fairview Hill Reveler 27645.
Aged Sow ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, Probst Bros, on Amilda
Queen 25338; second, Jas. E. Crum on American Jass 25862; third, B. F.
Harris Farms on Barbara II 24258; fourth, D. M. Overholt on Miss B I of
Seven Oaks 22412; fifth, H. S. Murphy & Sons on Fanny F 25247; sixth, J. B.
Mackoy on Queen O'May II 26427; seventh, Jas. E. Crum on Princess Con-
nie 25037.
Senior Yearling Sow ($15, $10, $8, $7. $5, $3, $2) — First, A. E. Augustine
on Rose Hill Bee 26016; second, A. E. Augustine on Rose Hill Rachael II
26098; third, Jas. E. Crum on Fairview Jane II 26001; fourth, B. F. Harris
Farms on Lady May 25813; fifth, B. F. Harris Farms on Home Farm Duch-
ess III 25496; sixth, J. W. Justice & Sons on Fremour Lady II 25531; seventh,
Snyder & Snyder on Rose Hill Retta 27215.
Junior Yearling Sow ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, B. F. Harris
Farms on Home Farm Duchess X 25504; second, B. F. Harris Farms on
Home Farm Duchess XXXII 26244; third, Snyder & Snyder on Queen's
Beauty 26496; fourth, Jas. E. Crum on Fairview Princess I 25809; fifth,
D. E. Yoder on Knoll Heights Liberty 27502; sixth, Probst Bros, on Amilda
of Ardmore 26385; seventh, Dr. E. O. Thomas & Son on denary Lela 25652.
Senior Sow Pig ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, W. A. Thomas & Son
on Oak Grove Bess 27608; second, W. A. Thomas & Son on Oak Grove Lady
27607; third, J. B. Mackoy on Mayfield Queen I 27357; fourth, H. E. Her-
rington & Sons on Kate 27163; fifth, C. A. Garrett on Plainview Blanch I
27598; sixth, J. W. Justice & Sons on Hillcrest Sunshine 27408; seventh,
C. A. Garrett on Plainview Blanch II 27599.
Junior Sow Pig ($15, $10, $8, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, J. W. Justice & Sons
on Greenwood Model Rose 27403; second, Overholt Sisters on Seven Oaks
Vienna I 27565; third, L. B. Graham on Cedar Rose 27517; fourth, D. E.
Yoder on Gay Lady 27511; fifth, J. W. Justice & Sons on Greenwood Model
Rose I 27404; sixth, J. B. Mackoy on Rose Maid I 27350; seventh, Jas. E.
Crum on Fairview Princess Louis 27541.
Senior Champion Boar ($10) — D. M. Overholt on Iowa Chief 26278.
Junior Champion Boar ($10) — Jas. E. Crum on Fairview Hill Chieftain
27537.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($15) — D. M. Overholt on Iowa Chief
26278.
Senior Champion Sow ($10) — Probst Bros, on Amilda Queen 25338.
Junior Champion Sow ($10) — W. A. Thomas & Son on Oak Grove Bess
27608.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($15) — Probst Bros, on Amilda Queen
25338.
Aged Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $10, $S, $5, $3, $2) — First, D. M.
Overholt; second, Probst Bros.; third, Jas. E. Crum; fourth, B. F. Harris
Farms; fifth, A. E. Augustine; sixth, J. B. Mackoy; seventh, Snyder &
Snyder.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $10, $8) — First, B. F.
Harris Farms; second, Jas. E. Crum; third, J. B. Mackoy; fourth, A. E.
Augustine.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 267
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($15, $12, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, W.
A. Thomas & Son; second, Jas. E. Crum; third, J. B. Mackoy; fourth, B. P.
Harris Farms; fifth, A. E. Augustine; sixth, L. B. Graham; seventh, Over-
holt Sisters.
Young Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($15, $11, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2) —
First, W. A. Thomas & Son; second, Jas. E. Crum; third, J. B. Mackoy;
..ourth, B. F. Harris Farms; fifth, A. E. Augustine; sixth, L. B. Graham;
seventh, Snyder & Snyder.
Get of Sire ($15, $12, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, W. A. Thomas & Son;
second, J. B. Mackoy; third, Jas. E. Crum; fourth, B. F. Harris Farms; fifth,
Overholt Sisters; sixth, L. B. Graham; seventh, A. E. Augustine.
Produce of Sow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, J. B. Mackoy; second,
Jas. E. Crum; third, B. F. Harris Farms; fourth, Overholt Sisters; fifth,
L. B. Graham; sixth, A. E. Augustine; seventh, D. M. Overholt.
YORKSHIRES.
Exhibitors — Leland Beasley, Adel ; Earl Caris, Minburn ; B. F. Davidson,
Menlo; Merle and Bennie Davidson, Menlo; L. C. Hand & Son, Center Point;
Kenneth Mullins, Adel; Loren Mullins, Adel; Lennie Royer, Adel; Renz
Royer, Adel; Van M. Storm, Adel; Van Meter & Englebretson, Adel; Leland
Wilcox, Adel; W. H. Winn, Menlo; Mildred Zellmar, Atlantic.
Judge C. C. Roup, Iowa City, Iowa.
Aged Boar ($10, $7, $5) — First, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek High Boy
29541; second, Van Meter & Englebretson on Lake Park Prince 3d 30160;
third, L. C. Hand & Son on Deer Creek B. 3d 29012.
Senior Yearling Boar ($10) — First, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Royal
21st 29495.
Junior Yearling Boar ($8, $6) — First, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek
Romeo 34th 29611; second, B. F. Davidson on Colonel Rainbow 29700.
Senior Boar Pig ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek
Royal 34th 30177; second, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Royal 35th 30178;
third, Merle & Bennie Davidson on Deer Creek Mand B 2d 30182; fourth,
Van Meter & Englebretson on Meadow Famous.
Junior Boar Pig ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, W. H. Winn on Windale Le Roy
30207; second, W. H. Winn on Windale Lois 30206; third, Van Meter &
Englebretson on Oak Lodge Famous 321st 80318 (c. r.); fourth, L. C. Hand
& Son on Otter Creek Corinck 30231.
Aged Sow ($10, $7, $5) — First, L. C. Hand & Son on Oak Lodge Julia 171st
30103; second, L. C. Hand & Son on Maple Spring Queen 17th 28906; third,
B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Delia 34th 29159.
Senior Yearling Sow ($10, $7, $5) — First, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek
Rosa 8th 29544; second, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Ruby 16th 29508;
third, Merle & Bennie Davidson on Deer Creek Rena B 2 29503.
Junior Yearling Sow ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek
Ruby 18th 29608; second, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Ruby 17th 29607;
third, Van Meter & Englebretson on Oak Lodge Princess 467, 29962; fourth,
Van Meter & Englebretson on Oak Lodge Princess 465, 29960.
Senior Sow Pig ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek
Elena 28th 30179; second, Van Storm on Violet's Girl; third, B. F. Davidson
on Deer Creek Elena 29th 30180; fourth, L. C. Hand & Son on Otter Creek
Queen 2d 30088.
Junior Sow Pig ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, Van Meter & Englebretson on Oak
Lodge Cinderella 400, 80280; second, Merle & Bennie Davidson on Deer
Creek Rena B 10, 30193; third, W. H. Winn on Windale Lerona 30205;
fourth, Earl Caris on Oak Lodge Violet 214, 30165.
Senior Champion Boar ($5) — B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Romeo 34th
29611.
268 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Junior Champion Boar ($5) — B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Royal 34th
30177.
Grand Champion Boar, Any Age ($5) — B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek
Romeo 34th 29611.
Senior Champion Sow ($5) — B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Rosa 8th
29544.
Junior Champion Sow ($5) — B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Elena 28th
30179.
Grand Champion Sow, Any Age ($5) — B. F. Davidson on Deer Creek Rosa
8th 29544.
Aged Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($10, $7, $5) — First, B. F. Davidson; sec-
ond, L. C. Hand & Son; third, Van Meter & Englebretson.
Aged Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($10) — First, B. F. Davidson.
Young Herd, Owned by Exhibitor ($10, $7, $5, $3) — First, B. F. Davidson;
second, "W. H. Winn; third, Van Storm; fourth, L. C. Hand & Son.
Young Herd, Owned and Bred by Exhibitor ($10, $7, $5) — First, B. F.
Davidson; second, W. H. Winn; third, Merle & Bennie Davidson.
Get of Sire ($10, $7, $6, $4) — First, B. F. Davidson; second, W. H. Winn;
third, L. C. Hand & Son; fourth, L. C. Hand & Son.
Produce of Sow ($10, $7, $6, $4) — First, B. F. Davidson; second, W. H.
Winn; third, L. C. Hand & Son; fourth, L. C. Hand & Son.
IOWA BOYS AND GIRLS' PIG CLUB.
Exhibitors — Albert Augustine, Rose Hill ; Daniel W. Augustine, Rose Hill ;
Lawrence Aves, Melbourne; Loraine Baker, Bondurant; Chas. Baldwin,
Gladbrook; Dale Barker, Keosauqua; Clyde Barnett, Redfield; Chas. Barr,
Ames; Leland Beasley, Adel; Theodore Beatty, Valley Junction; Carroll
Bennett, Dexter; Verle Bennett, Dexter; Delbert Berry, Atlantic; Ralph
Berry, Atlantic; Bernice Bieber, Muscatine; Dwight Bock, Council Bluffs;
Morgan Bonger, Marshalltown; Ardell Borschel, Iowa City; Mydrian Boyer,
Farmington; Lester Brand, West Liberty; Perry Brazelton, Ankeny; Lester
Brehmer, Atlantic; Ralph Brehmer, Atlantic; Aaron Brockelsby, Vail; Alton
Brown, Iowa City; Harry Brownlee, Adair; Armond Bruce, Greenfield; Leo
Bruns, Sigourney; Richard Buchanan, Adel; Wm. Buchanan, Adel; Jack
Burkett, Minburn; Geo. Burnstedt, Des Moines; Oliver Burnstedt, Des
Moines; Robt. Butler, Prairie City; Joseph Caputo, Marshalltown; Chas.
Carey, West Branch; Earl Caris, Minburn; Orville Cashman, Orient; Frank
Chambers, Stuart; Le Von Charles, Red Oak; Donald Clayton, Waukee;
Verne Clayton, Waukee; Clifford Cochran, West Liberty; Raymond Comes,
Atlantic; Ivan Compton, Dexter; Marion Conrad, Melbourne; Orval Crowe,
Sigourney; Fay Cunningham, Grimes; Verr Cunningham, Grimes; Howard
Dann, Waukee; Bertha Dannen, Melbourne; Mary Dannen, Melbourne;
Merle and Bennie Davidson, Menlo; Robert Davis, Iowa City; Etta and
Johnny Dawson, Washta; Leland Devine, Stanton; Clarence Dickerson, Dal-
las Center; Ronald Diggins, Melbourne; Richard Dorale, Charter Oak; John
Dorfler, Jr., Charter Oak; Wendel T. Edson, Storm Lake; Linden Elkhorn,
Adair; Roy Falk, Red Oak; Ruby Farwell, Mackburg; Calvin Fausch, Shel-
dahl; Esther Fausch, Sheldahl; Mary Fausch, Sheldahl; Richard Fausch,
Sheldahl; Merrill Finchem, Waukee; Dale Foster, West Liberty; Dale Fox,
Dallas Center; Lysle Fox, Dallas Center; Virgil Fox, Dallas Center; Elmer
Frederickson, Menlo; Worlie Frost, Waukee; Harriett Goetzman, Boone;
Eleanor Goulke, Atlantic; Willie Goulke, Atlantic; Graham Bros., Brook-
lyn; William Roland Griffith, Iowa City; May Hagen, Norwalk; Arnold
Hagge, Bondurant; Andrew Hamline, Polk; Lucian Hammon, Woodward;
Duane Hansell, Indianola; Clarence Hansen, Atlantic; Claire Hardin, Orient;
Ray Hart, Bondurant; Lloyd Harvenagle, Atalissa; Frank Hawker, West
Liberty; Fred Hawker, West Liberty; William Herbert, Atlantic; Mary
Francis Herring, Des Moines; Charles Hibbs, Le Grand; Ralph Hibbs, Le
Grand; Kenneth Hines, Orient; Paul Hoag, Muscatine; Arthur Horn, Green-
field; Leslie Hoskins, Cantril; Allen Hoy, Adel; Velma Hoy, Adel; Howard
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 269
Hunt, Redfield; Merrill Hunt, Redfield; Warren Hunter, Iowa City; Helen
Hurlbut, Conrad; F. Burton Huston, Waukee; John Hyde, Elliott; John
Ingels, Melbourne; Bede Irving, Stockport; Elmer James, Selma; Luin Jip-
sen, Atlantic; Paul Johnson, Orient; Ivan Jones, Red Oak; Harold Jump,
Waukee; Lenene Jump, Waukee; Allan Keating-, Clive; Charles Keating',
Clive; John Keating, Clive; Leland Keen, Le Grand; Freddie Kemp, Green-
field; Edw. Kinsey, Grimes; John Kinsey, Grimes; Jessie J. Klein, Altoona;
Arthur Knop, Charter Oak; Dora Knop, Charter Oak; John Knop, Atlantic;
George Kolda, Solon; Clarence Kruse, West Liberty; Earnest Kuhns, Orient;
William Lacina, Iowa City; Harold Launspach, Adelphi; Morris Legler,
Letts; Albert Lengeman, Coon Rapids; Elmer Lengeman, Coon Rapids;
Martin Linde, Denison; Leonard Lister, Marshalltown; Sam McAdoo, Run-
nells; Aloysius McKee, Creston; Myron McElivain, Dow City; Lawrence
McGonish, West Liberty; Virgil Mcintosh, Dunlap; Francis Mapes, Earl-
ham; Everil Merkley, Sac City; Roscoe Marsden, Boone; Harvey Maxwell,
Adair; Charles Meacham, Adelphi; Doral Miller, Muscatine; Adrian Minetor,
Grimes; Salome Minetor, Altoona; Raymond Morrison, Dow City; Glen Mor-
timer, Minburn; Norwood Mountain, Valley Junction; Kenneth Mullins,
Adel; Loren Mullins, Adel; Arthur H. S. Murphy, Ames; David S. Murphy,
Ames; Edwin Nay, West Liberty; Paul Neuroth. Haverhill; Roy Neuroth,
Haverhill; Raymond Nicholl, Gilman; Roy Nichol, Clemons; Stacy Nichol,
Jr., Clemons; Edw. Niederhauser, Marshalltown; Ernest Nieman, Under-
wood; Fred Nieman. Underwood; Richard Olsen, Adel; Vernon R. Olson,
Dunbar; Kathleen Overholt, Iowa City; Overholt Sisters, Iowa City; Fred
B. Owen, Jr., Guthrie Center; Shubel Owen, Guthrie Center; Henry E. Pat-
terson, Stuart; Omer Payne, Linden; Dean Rendarvis, Keosauqua; Ernest
and Leslie Perry, Jr.. St. Anthony; Leland Deles Perry, St. Anthony; Loyal
Alvin Perry, St. Anthony; Gerald Person, Runnells; Winano Person, Adelphi;
John L. Peters, Bouton; Eddie Peterson, Denison; Howard Poitevan, Dow
City; Evan Poula, Swisher; Erma Lea Priest, Runnells; Marjory Priest,
Runnells; Albert Pritchard, Bondurant; Merrill Radloff, Le Grand; Beatrice
Randall, Sigourney; Gwendolyn Randall, Sigourney; Earl Ransom, Dow
City; Lawrence Reis, Greenfield; Clarence Renand. Bondurant; J. Henry
Rinker. Rippey; Harold Robinson, Rhodes; Marie Robinson, Rhodes; Wi]
lard Robinson, State Center; Marion Rosenbaugh, Orient; Lenine Roger,
Adel; Renz Roger, Adel; Clarence Runft, Reinbeck; Aubrey Russell, In-
dianola; Doris Russell, Indianola; Emmet Ryan. Underwood; Carl Rylander,
Le Grand; Marvin Sandstrom, Kiron; Will Sargent, Brooklyn; Hardyce
Schneider, Underwood; Max Schneider, Underwood; Rolland Schneider,
Underwood; John Schoborg, Haverhill; Harold Schomberg, Lone Tree;
Edwin Sharon, Valley Junction; Robert Sharon, Valley Junction; Andrew
Sharp, Dow City; Robert Sharp, Dow City; Herbert Sheehan, Greenfield;
Marie Sipple, Kalona; George W. Smith, Dunlap; Lester Smith, Orient; Nellie
J. Smith, Dunlap; Virgil Smith, Boone; Ralph Stark, Boxholm; Ivan Stim-
mell, Oxford; Harold Swallow, Valley Junction; Howard Swallow, Valley
Junction; Grace Overholt. Iowa City; Frank W. Talbott. Selma; Clair Ter-
rill, Redfield; Lurene Terrill, Redfield; Roy Thomas, Elliott; Mabel Thomp-
son, Atlantic; Mildred Thompson, Atlantic; Opal Thompson, Atlantic; Verle
Thompson, Minburn; Vernon Tomlinson, Bondurant; Henry Trexal, Denison;
Walter Utterback, Sigourney: Clover Ven Benthuysen, Runnels; John Van
Devender, Adel; Wilber Van Devender, Adel; Clark Van Meter, Adel; Don-
ald Van Vleet, Orient; John K. Volk; Teddy Wallace, Dallas Center; Leon-
ard Walsh, Adair; Lloyd Walters, West Liberty; Eddie Wambold, Green-
field; Donald Weiss, Dow City; Walter Weiss. Denison; Martin Wendres,
West Liberty; Donald Wensel, Melbourne; Leland Wilcox, Adel; Howard
AVilliams, Altoona; Arthur Windom, Nodaway; Glen Windom, Nodaway;
Viola Yingst, State Center; Everett Zachary, Sheldahl; Agnes Zellmar,
Atlantic; Clarence Zellmar, Atlantic; Harold Zellmar, Atlantic; Mildred
Zellmar, Atlantic; Oscar Zellmar, Atlantic; Julius Zimmerman, West
Liberty.
E. F. Ferrin,
Judges <j H. H. Kildee,
J. D. Waltemetbr.
270 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
CHESTER WHITES
Boars ($20, $18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4, $4, $3)— First, Mydrian
Boyer on Rusco 220921; second, Charles Barr; third, Ed, Niederhauser on
Loag Sensation; fourth, Mydrian Boyer on Busco 220923; fifth, Wm. Her-
bert; sixth, Roscoe Marsden; seventh, Mildred Thompson; eighth, Clarence
Runft; ninth, Raymond Morrison; tenth, Warren Hunter; eleventh, Wm.
Herbert; twelfth, Raymond Morrison; thirteenth, Roscoe Marsden.
Sows ($20 $18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4, $4, $3, $3, $3)— First,
Lester Brand on Miss Chimes III; second, Charles Barr; third, Dale Fos-
ter; fourth, Ed. Niederhauser; fifth, Clifford Cochran; sixth, Wm. Rowland
Griffith; seventh, Wm. Herbert; eighth, Clarence Runft; ninth, Roscoe
Marsden; tenth, Mydrian Boyer; eleventh, John Kinsey on Industry's
Pride; twelfth, Frank Chambers on Hawkeye Queen; thirteenth, Mildred
Thompson; fourteenth, Raymond Morrison; fifteenth, Ed. Kinsey on White
Belle.
Litter ($20, $18, $16, $14, $12, $10, $10, $10) — First, Charles Barr; second,
Ed. Niederhauser; third, Mydrian Boyer; fourth, Clarence Runft; fifth, Wm.
Rowland Griffith; sixth, Roscoe Marsden; seventh, Raymond Morrison;
eighth, Warren Hunter.
HAMPSHIRES
Boars ($20, $16, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, 5, $4, $4, $3, $3, $3) — First,
Marie Robinson; second, Will Sargent on Todays Marvel 120021; third,
Viola Yingst on My Long Fellow; fourth, Harold Robinson on Mandy's
King; fifth, Leland Keen on Fashion King; sixth, Everil Merkley on The
Shore Boy 120347; seventh, Merrill Radloff on Mady's Leader; eighth, F.
Burton Huston on Pinecrest Tom; ninth, F. Burton Huston on Pinecrest
Jim; tenth, Lawrece Aves on Wickware Leader; eleventh, Charles Meacham;
twelfth, Ralph Brehmer; thirteenth, Delbert Berry; fourteenth, Will Sar-
gent; fifteenth, Willie Grulke.
Sows ($20, $16, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $5, $4, $4, $3, $3, $3) — First, Julius
Timmerman; second, Merrill Hunt on Merry Girl; third, Morgan Bouger
on Perfection Pearl; fourth, Doral Miller; fifth, Merrill Radloff on "Pinks"
fashion; sixth, Clarence Kruse; seventh, Frank Talbott on Hawkeye Beauty
305522; eighth, Carroll Bennett on Warrior Princess; ninth, Ralph Hibbs
on Letitia II; tenth, Donald Weiss; eleventh, Charles Meacham; twelfth,"
Leland Keen on Florence Fashion; thirteenth, Viola Yingst on Miss Long-
fellow; fourteenth, Will Sargent on Cora Barton 304384; fifteenth, Leslie
Hoskins on Queene.
Litter ($20, $16, $12, $10, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $5, $3, $3, $3, $3) — First,
Ralph Hibbs; second, Merrill Radloff; third, F. Burton Huston; fourth,
Viola Yingst; fifth, Marie Robinson; sixth, Charles Meacham; seventh,
Carl Rylander; eighth, Leland Keen; ninth, Lawrence Aves; tenth, Harold
Robinson; eleventh, Willie Grulke; twelfth, Mary Frances Herring; thir-
teenth, Donald Weiss; fourteenth, Will Sargent; fifteenth, Everil Merkley.
DUROC JERSEYS
Boars ($18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4, $4, $3, $3, $2) — First,
Albert Lengemann on King Orion Sensation 219205; second. John Schoberg
on Pilots Choice II 455689; third, Aloysius McKee on Rivals Leader; fourth,
Aloysius McKee on Rivals Masterpiece; fifth, John Schoborg on Pilots
Choice 455687; sixth, Donald Wensel on Giant Sensation Jr. 454727; seventh,
Roy Nichol on The Pilot; eighth, Elmer Lengeman on Yankee Orion Sen-
sation 453943; ninth, Leland D. Perry on Chief II 455835; tenth, Clarence
Hansen; eleventh, Lloyd Alvin Perry on Mahaska Overall 455825; twelfth,
Ernest L. Perry Jr. on Chester 456851; thirteenth, Mable Thompson; four-
teenth, Donald Wensel on Giant Sensation 454729; fifteenth, Shubel Owen.
Sows ($18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $5, $4, $4, $3, $3, $2) — First,
Clyde Barnett; second, Ray Neuroth on Pilots Lady IV; third, Lloyd Alvin
Perry on Susie 1224630; fourth, John Schoborg on Pilot's Queen 1224102;
fifth, Leonard Lester on Pilot's Rose; sixth, Paul Neuroth on Pilot's Lady
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 271
1224094; seventh, Donald Wensel on Don's Sensation III 1221942; eighth,
Ernest L. Perry Jr. on Lady 1227070; ninth, Leland D. Perry on Surprise
Girl 1224634; tenth, Aloysius McKee on Rivals Col. Lady; eleventh, Aloy-
sius McKee on Miss Pathe Maid; twelfth, Harold Swallow on Sensation
Maid; thirteenth, Harold Zellmar; fourteenth, Mabel Thompson; fifteenth,
Clarence Hansen.
Litter ($18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $5, $5, $3) — First, Paul Neuroth;
second, Donald Wentzell; third, John Schoborg; fourth, Aloysius McKee;
fifth, Lloyd Alvin Perry; sixth, Leonard Lester; seventh, Elmer Lengeman;
eighth, Leland D. Perry; ninth, Harold Zellmar; tenth, Ernest L. Perry
Jr.; eleventh, Opal Thompson; twelfth, Dora Knop.
POLAND CHINAS
Boars ($18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $5, $4, $4, $3, $3, $2) — First,
Joseph Caputo on Orange Giant; second, Roy Thomas; third, Marvin Con-
rad; fourth, Joseph Caputo on Pathfinder I; fifth, Jesse J. Klein on Royal
Tim; sixth, Willard Robinson on Nick's Bigbone; seventh, Mary Danner
on Gotch Jr.; eighth, Oliver Burnstedt; ninth, Willard Robinson on Nick's
Bigbone I; tenth, William Lacina on Rainbow Giant; eleventh, Bertha
Danner on Gotch Leader; twelfth, Ronald Diggins on Pathfinders Equal;
thirteenth, Ronald Diggins on Pathfinder Again; fourteenth, John Knop;
fifteenth, George Burnstedt.
Sows ($18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $5, $4, $4, $3, $3, $2) — First,
Willard Robinson on Miss Bigbone; second, Marvin Conrad; third, Oliver
Burnstedt; fourth, Joseph Caputo on Pathfinder's Giantess; fifth, Jesse J.
Klein on Queen; sixth, Ronald Diggins on Pathfinder's Queen; seventh,
Marjory Priest on Lady Monastill; eighth, Salome Minetor; ninth, Leland
Devine; tenth, Lawrence McGornish; eleventh, Morris Legler; twelfth,
Mary Danner on Miss Gotch; thirteenth, William Lacina on Rainbow Lady
I; fourteenth, Harry Trexal on Premier Girl; fifteenth, Martin Wendres.
Litter ($18, $15, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6, $5, $5, $5, $3) — First, Marvin
Conrad; second, Willard Robinson; third, Joseph Caputo; fourth, Roy
Thomas; fifth, Mary Danner; sixth, Bertha Danner; seventh, Salome Mine-
tor; eighth, Ronald Diggins; ninth, Harry Trexal; tenth, Leland Devine;
eleventh, William Lacina; twelfth, George Burnstedt.
YORKSHIRES
Boars ($20, $17, $14, $12, $10, $9, $8) — First, Loren Mullins on Hillcrest
Prince; second, Clark Van Meter on Meadow Prince I 30222; third, Loren
Mullins on Hillcrest Prince II; fourth, Mildred Zellmar; fifth, Kenneth
Mullins on Hillcrest Prince III; sixth, Merle and Bennie Davidson on Deer
Creek M & B 5 30196; seventh, Kenneth Mullins on Hillcrest Prince IV..
Sows ($20, $17, $14, $12, $10, $9, $8, $7, $6) — First, Renz Royer on Oak
Lodge Princess 515 30162; second, Leland Wilcox on Oak Lodge Violet
213th 30164; third, Earl Caris on Oak Lodge Violet 214th 30165; -fourth,
Lennie Royer on Oak Lodge Violet 219th 30168; fifth, Merle & Bennie
Davidson on Windale Lolo 30201; sixth, Clark Van Meter on Meadow Prin-
cess I 30214; seventh, Leland Beasley on Oak Lodge Queen Bess; eighth,
Kenneth Mullins on Hillcrest Prince III; ninth, Lorin Mullins on Hillcrest
Princess.
Litter ($18, $15, $12, $9) — First, Lorin Mullins; second, Clark Ven Meter;
third, Kenneth Mullins; fourth, Merle & Bennie Davidson.
SPOTTED POLAND CHINA
Boars ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $6, $5, $5) — First, Ralph Berry; second,
Duane Hansell on Hansells Pride; third, John Van Devender on Van Hope
Laddie 33; fourth, John Van Devender on Van Hope Laddie 31; fifth,
Vernon R. Olson on Arch Back Leader; sixth, Wilbur Van Devender on Van
Hope Laddie 34th; seventh, Robert Butler on Silver Tim; eighth, Duane
Hansell; ninth, Vernon R. Olson on Smooth Bob.
272 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Sows ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $6, $5, $5) — First, Robert Butler on Blue
Eyed Girl; second, John Van Devender on Van Hope Lassie 32d; third,
Duane Hansell on H's Miss Wonder; fourth, Wilbur Van Devender on Van
Hope Laddie 35th; fifth, Mae Hag-en on M. English Lady; sixth, Ralph
Berry; seventh, Ivan Compton on Tootsie; eighth, John H. Volk on Eng-
lish Lassie; ninth, Vernon R. Olson on Archback Pride.
Litter ($12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4) — First, Robert Butler; second, John
Van Devender; third, Ralph Berry; fourth, Duane Hansell; fifth, Wilbur
Van Devender; sixth, Vernon R. Olson; seventh, Martin Linde.
TAMWORTH
Boars ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4, $2) — First, Kathleen Overholt on
Seven Oaks Mac I 27563; second, David S. Murphy on Violet King II;
third, Grace Overholt on Seven Oaks Mac II 27562; fourth, Charles Barr on
Maple Grove Chief; fifth, Charles Barr on Maple Grove Lee; sixth, David
S. Murphy on Violet King I; seventh, Marie Sipple on Bonnie Boy II 27479;
eighth, Arthur H. S. Murphy on Bearboy 27459; ninth, Arthur H. S. Murphy
on Creekboy 27460.
Sows ($15, $12, $10, $8, $7, $6, $5, $4, $2, $1) — First, Kathleen Overholt
on Seven Oaks Viema II 27564; second, Clair Terrill on Rose Hill Ruby
III 27321; third, Charles Barr on Maple Grove Rose; fourth, Lurene Terrill
on Rose Hill Lady; fifth, Grace Overholt on Seven Oaks Viema I 27565;
sixth, David S. Murphy on Ames Violet I; seventh, Marie Sipple on Bonnie
"Rose 27483; eighth, Arthur H. S. Murphy on Systemary 27457; ninth, Daniel
Augustine on Rose Hill Rena III 26991; tenth, Albert Augustine on Rose
Hill Rose I 26989.
Litter ($20, $15, $10, $8) — First, Charles Barr; second, David S. Murphy;
third, Marie Sipple; fourth, Arthur H. S. Murphy.
BERKSHIRES
Boars ($12, $10) — First, Clarence Dickerson on Dickerson's Model I;
second, Clarence Dickerson on Dickerson's Model II.
Sows ($12) — First, Clarence Dickerson on Dickerson's Model Girl I.
Litter ($12) — First, Clarence Dickerson.
COUNTY EXHIBIT
Ten or more pigs must be shown. 60 per cent on winnings and individu-
ality,- and forty per cet on number ($50, $40, $30, $25, $20, $18, $15, $12,
$10, $10) — First, Marshall County Pig Club; second, Marshall County Pig
Club; third, Marshall County Pig Club; fourth, Grundy County Pig Club;
fifth, Montgomery County Pig Club; sixth, Guthrie County Pig Club;
seventh, Dallas County Pig Club; eighth, Polk County Pig Club; ninth,
Crawford County Pig Club; tenth, Boone County Pig Club.
FAT HOG SECTION
Fat Breeds, Grade or Cross Breds, All Fed for Market Purposes. Each con-
testant may show three pigs, farrowed on or after February 15, 1922, ($20,
$18, $15, $12, $10, $10, $10, $5, $5, $5, $5, $5) — First, Harold Zellmar; sec-
ond, John Ingles; third, John Ingles; fourth, John Ingles; fifth, Mildred
Zellmar; sixth, Dale Fox; seventh, Allen Hoy; eighth, Walter Utterback;
ninth, Glen Windom; tenth, Dale Fox; eleventh, Oscar Zellmar; twelfth,
Allen Hoy.
SPECIAL PRIZES
Offered by the National Duroc Jersey Record Association.
Boy or Girl AVinnjng Over All Breeds in the Market Pig Club Class with
a Duroc Jersey Pig (Engraved Gold Watch) — First, Harold Zellmar.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 273
SHEEP DEPARTMENT
Superintendent E. T. Davis,, Iowa City, Iowa.
Exhibitors — Matt Baker, Mitchellville ; E. H. Bennett, Hardy ; E. L. Bitter-
man, Nora Springs; A. J. Blakely & Son, Grinnell; C. S. Bratt & Son, Arapa-
hoe, Neb.; D. W. Bruus, Sigourney; W. A. Buck, Humeston; Delbert B. Cra-
ven, Knoxville; C. C. Croxen, West Liberty; Leonard Daniel & Sons, Corn-
ing; Eddingfield Stock Farm, Mt. Pleasant; Joe W. Edgar, New London;
Ellis Bros., Molino, Mo.; J. T. Enness & Son, Gilbert; Elmer Frye & Son,
Corydon; John Graham & Son, Eldora; J. G. Hanmer, Ames; Edmund Han-
son, Dean; Hanson & Warner, Dean; B. F. Harris Farms, Seymour, 111.;
Geo. Hauser & Son, Union; Heatherall Farms, Kellerton; Iowa State Col-
lege, Ames; L. F. Jones, Winterset; J. D. Moore & Sons, Mt. Pleasant; F. H.
Olsen & Son, Anita; J. T. Ratliff & Son, Kirksville, Mo.; Gale Reed, Ames;
Sherwood Bros., Shelby ville, Mo.; E. P. Smith, Ely; P. M. Sutton, Cambria;
C. A. Taylor, Ames; E. G. Uhl, Station A, Ames: Warner, Hill & Arnold,
Bloomfield; R. C. Yoke, Allerton.
IOWA SWEEPSTAKES SILVER LOVING CUPS
Best Ram, All Mutton Breeds — R. C. Yohe on Aged Shropshire Ram.
Best Ewe, All Slutton Breeds — John Graham & Son on Aged Oxford Ewe.
MERINO CLASS "B"
Judge John E. Webb, Indianapolis, Ind.
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($10, $7, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, Warner, Hill & Arnold; third, Warner, Hill & Arnold.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $7, $4) — First, Ellis Bros.; sec-
ond, Heatherhall Farms; third, Ellis Bros.
Ram Under One Year ($10, $7, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
Heatherhall Farms; third, Ellis Bros.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($10, $7, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son;
second, Warner, Hill & Arnold; third, Heatherhall Farms.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $7, $4) — First, Heatherhall
Farms; second, Warner, Hill & Arnold; third, Warner, Hill & Arnold.
Ewe Under One Year ($10, $7, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
Ellis Bros.; third, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, Ellis Bros, on Yearling.
Ewe, Any Age ($10) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son on Aged Ewe.
Flock ($10, $8) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Get of Sire ($10, $8, $6) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second, Ellis Bros.;
third, Warner, Hill & Arnold.
IOWA SPECIALS
MERINO CLASS "B"
Ram Under One Year ($6, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second, A. J.
Blakely & Son.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
Joe W. Edgar.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, A. J. Blakely &
Son; second, A. J. Blakely & Son; third, Joe W. Edgar.
Ewe Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
A. J. Blakely & Son; third, J. W. Edgar.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Flock ($10)— First, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Get of Sire ($10) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son.
18
274 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
MERINO CLASS "C"
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($10, $7, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, Warner, Hill & Arnold; third, Warner, Hill & Arnold.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $7, $4) — First, Warner, Hill &
Arnold; second, Warner, Hill & Arnold; third, Heatherhall Farms.
Ram Under One Year ($10, $7, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
Heatherhall Farms; third, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($10, $7, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, A. J. Blakely & Son; third, Warner, Hill & Arnold.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $7, $4) — First Warner, Hill &
Arnold; second, Warner, Hill & Arnold; third, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ewe Under One Year ($10, $7, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second,
Joe W. Edgar; third, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, Heatherhall Farms.
Ewe, Any Age ($10) — First, Heatherhall Farms.
Flock ($10, $8, $6) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second, Warner, Hill &
Arnold; third, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Get of Sire ($10, $8, $6) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second, Joe W. Ed-
gar; third, Warner, Hill & Arnold.
IOWA SPECIALS
MERINO CLASS "C"
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($6) — First, Joe W. Edgar.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son;
second, Joe W. Edgar.
Ram Under One Year ($6, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second, Joe
W. Edgar.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, A. J. Blakely &
Son; second, Joe W. Edgar; third, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ewe Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, Joe W. Edgar; second, A. J.
Blakely & Son; third, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son.
Flock ($10, $8)— First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second, Joe W. Edgar.
Get of Sire ($10) — First, Joe W. Edgar.
RAMBOUILLET
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($10, $7, $4) — First, Ellis Bros.; second,
C. C. Croxen; third, Ellis Bros.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $7, $4) — First, Ellis Bros.; sec-
ond, Iowa State College; third, Ellis Bros.
Ram Under One Year ($10, $7, $4) — First, Ellis Bros.; second, Ellis Bros.;
third, Iowa State College.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($10, $7, $4) — First, Ellis Bros.; second, Iowa
State College; third, Iowa State College.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $7, $4) — First, Ellis Bros.; sec-
ond, Iowa State College; third, Ellis Bros.
Ewe Under One Year ($10, $7, $4) — First, Iowa State College; second,
Iowa State College; third, Ellis Bros.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, Ellis Bros, on Aged Ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($10) — First, Ellis Bros, on Aged Ewe.
Flock ($10, $8, $6) — First, Ellis Bros.; second, Iowa State College; third,
C. C. Croxen.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 275
Get of Sire ($10, $8, $6) — First, Iowa State College; second, Ellis Bros.;
third, C. S. Bratt & Son.
COTSWOLD
Judge W. C. Coffey, St. Paul, Minn.
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, Joe W. Edgar;
second, Elmer Frye & Sons on E. Frye & Sons 40; third, Elmer Frye &
Sons on E. Frye & Sons 23; fourth, C. A. Taylor on Shows 119200; fifth,
E. P. Smith on Husted's 101674.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, Joe W.
Edgar; second, Heatherhall Farms; third, Elmer Frye & Sons on E. Frye
& Sons 67; fourth, Maple Grove Farm; fifth, Joe W. Edgar.
Ram Under One Year ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, Joe W. Edgar; second,
E. P. Smith; third, E. P. Smith; fourth, Joe W. Edgar; fifth, Elmer Frye
& Sons on E. Frye & Sons 90.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, Joe W. Edgar;
second, C. A. Taylor on Binlms 10800; third, Joe W. Edgar; fourth, Heath-
erhall Farm; fifth, Elmer Frye & Sons on E. Frye & Sons 16 93654.
Ewe One Year and Under Two ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, C. A. Taylor;
second, Heatherhall Farm; third, Joe W. Edgar; fourth, C. A. Taylor;
fifth, Joe W. Edgar.
Ewe Under One Year ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, E. P. Smith; second, Joe
W. Edgar; third. Heatherhall Farm; fourth, Joe W. Edgar; fifth, Elmer
Frye & Sons on E. Frye & Sons 83.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, Joe W. Edgar on aged ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($10) — First, Joe W. Edgar on Aged Ewe.
Flock ($9, $7, $5, $3)— First, Joe W. Edgar; second, C. A. Taylor; third,
Heatherhall Farm; fourth, Elmer Frye & Sons.
Get of Sire ($9, $7, $5, $3) — First, Joe W. Edgar; second, Elmer Frye
& Sons; third, E. P. Smith; fourth, C. A. Taylor.
IOWA SPECIALS
COTSWOLD
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4, $2) — First, Elmer Frye & Sons on
E. Frye & Sons 40; second, Elmer Frye & Sons on E. Frye & Sons 23;
third, Joe W. Edgar.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, Elmer Frye &
Sons on E. Frye & Sons 67; second, Maple Grove Farm; third, Joe W.
Edgar.
Ram Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, E. P. Smith; second, E. P.
Smith; third, Joe W. Edgar.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4, $2) — First, Joe W. Edgar; second,
Elmer Frye & Sons on E. Frye & Sons 93654; third, Maple Grove Farms.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, Joe W. Edgar;
second, Joe W. Edgar; third, Elmer Frye & Sons on E. Frye & Sons 103787.
Ewe Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, Joe W. Edgar; second, Joe W.
Edgar; third, Elmer Frye & Sons.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — First, Elmer Frye & Sons on Aged Ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — First, Joe W. Edgar on Aged Ewe.
Flock ($10, $8, $6) — First, Joe W. Edgar; second, Elmer Frye & Sons;
third, Maple Grove Farm.
Get of Sire ($10, $8)— First, Elmer Frye & Sons; second, E. P. Smith.
276 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
SPECIAL, PRIZES
COTSWOLD
For Pen of Lambs, Either Sex, Get of One Sire Bred and Owned by Ex-
hibitor. Offered by the American Cotswold Registry Association, ($10, $5)
— First, Joe W. Edgar; second, Elmer Frye & Sons.
LINCOLN AND LEICESTER
Judge W. C. Coffey,, St. Paul, Minn.
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($7, $5) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second,
C. A. Taylor.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($7, $5) — First, C. A. Taylor; second,
Heatherhall Farms.
Ram Under One Year ($7, $5, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second,
C. A. Taylor; third, C. A. Taylor.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($7, $5, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, C. A. Taylor; third, Heatherhall Farms.
Ewe One Year Old and Under ($7, $5, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, C. A. Taylor; third, C. A. Taylor.
Ewe Under One Year ($7, $5, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second, C. A.
Taylor; third, C. A. Taylor.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — First, Heatherhall Farms on Aged Ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — First, Heatherhall Farms on Yearling Ewe.
Flock ($8, $6) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second, C. A. Taylor.
Get of Sire ($8) — First, C. A. Taylor.
HAMPSHIRE DOWNS
Judge W. C. Coffey, St. Paul, Minn.
Ram Two Years Old or Over (§12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, B. F. Harris
Farms on U of I 782 35695; second, Heatherhall Farms; third, Iowa State
College; fourth, B. F. Harris Farms on Harris 3 35338; fifth, E. L. Bitter-
man.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, E. L. Bit-
terman; second, B. F. Harris Farms on Harris 53 38820; third, B. F. Harris
Farms on Harris 32 B 38817; fourth, Maple Grove Farm; fifth, John Gra-
ham & Son.
Ram Under One Year ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, B. F. Harris Farms on
Harris 119 41860; second, E. L. Bitterman; third, E. G. Uhl; fourth, B. F.
Harris Farms on Harris III 41852; fifth, John Graham & Son.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($12, $S, $6, $5, $3) — First, Iowa State Col-
lege; second, Heatherhall Farms; third, John Graham & Son; fourth, B.
F. Harris Farms on Blastock 211 76729; fifth, Heatherhall Farms.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3)— First, Heather-
hall Farms; second, B. F. Harris Farms on Harris 74 83061; third, John
Graham & Sons; fourth, E. G. Uhl; fifth, John Graham & Sons.
Ewe Under One Year ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, B. F. Harris Farms on
Harris 103 90460; second, B. F. Harris Farms on Harris 100 90457; third,
John Graham & Son; fourth, E. L. Bitterman; fifth, John Graham & Sons.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, B. F. Harris Farms on Aged Ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($10) — First, Heatherhall Farms on Yearling.
Flock ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, B. F. Harris Farms; second, Heather-
hall Farms; third, Iowa State College; fourth, E. L. Bitterman; fifth,
John Graham & Son.
Get of Sire ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, B. F. Harris Farms; second,
E. L. Bitterman; third, E. G. Uhl; fourth, John Graham & Son; fifth, F. H.
Osen & Sons.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR
277
IOWA SPECIALS
HAMPSHIRE DOWNS
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4, $2) — First, E. L. Bitterman; second,
John Graham & Son; third, E. L. Bitterman.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, E. L. Bitterman;
second, John Graham & Sons; third, C. C. Croxen.
Ram Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, E. L. Bitterman; second, E. G.
Uhl; third, John Graham & Son.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4, $2) — First, John Graham & Son;
second, John Graham & Son; third, E. L. Bitterman.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, John Graham &
Son; second, E. G. Uhl; third, John Graham & Son.
Ewe Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, John Graham & Son; second,
E. L. Bitterman; third, John Graham & Son.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — First, E. L. Bitterman on Yearling- Ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — First, John Graham & Sons on Aged Ewe.
Flock ($10, $8, $6) — First, E. L. Bitterman; second, John Graham & Son;
third, F. H. Osen & Son.
Get of Sire ($10, $8, $6) — First, E. L. Bitterman; second, E. G. Uhl;
third, John Graham & Son.
Judge.
SHROPSHIRE
W. C. Coffet, St. Paul, Minn.
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, R. C. Yohe;
second, Dan'l Leonard & Sons; third, Dan'l Leonard & Sons; fourth, Del-
bert B. Craven on E. Nock 70 509380; fifth, E. L. Bitterman.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Iowa
State College; second, Dan'l Leonard & Sons; third, D. W. Bruns; fourth,
R. C. Yohe; fifth, D. W. Bruns.
Ram Under One Year ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, J. G. Hanmer; second,
J. G. Hanmer; third, R. C. Yohe; fourth, Iowa State College; fifth, Heather-
hall Farms.
Champion Shropshire Ram. R. C. Yohe, Allerton, Iowa.
278 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Ewe Two Years Old op Over ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Heatherhall
Farms; second, P. M. Sutton on P. M. Sutton 43 549301; third, D. W. Bruns;
fourth, J. D. Moore & Son; fifth, P. M. Sutton on P. M. Sutton 41 549299.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Heather-
hall Farms; second, D. W. Bruns; third, J. D. Moore & Son; fourth, R. C.
Yohe; fifth, R. C. Yohe.
Ewe Under One Year ($12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, E. L. Bitterman; second,
Iowa State College; third, R. C. Yohe; fourth, Heatherhall Farms; fifth,
L. F. Jones.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, R. C. Yohe on aged ram 527492.
Ewe, Any Age ($10) — First, Heatherhall Farms.
Flock ($12, $10, $8, $6) — First, R. C. Yohe; second, Iowa State College;
third, D. W. Burns; fourth, E. L. Bitterman.
Get of Sire ($12, $10, $8, $6) — First, J. G. Hanmer; second, L. F. Jones;
third, E. L. Bitterman; fourth, Iowa State College.
IOWA SHROPSHIRE SPECIALS
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, Dan'l Leonard
& Sons on 498813; second, Dan'l Leonard & Sons on 549293; third, E. L.
Bitterman on 527521; fourth, R. C. Yohe on 527490; fifth, R. C. Yohe on
527492.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First. Dan'l
Leonard & Son; second, R. C. Yohe on 550265; third, D. W. Bruns on 549450;
fourth, E. L. Bitterman on 566375; fifth, J. D. Moore & Son on 565812.
Ram Under One Year ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, R. C. Yohe on 566744;
second, D. W. Bruns on 567015; third, E. L. Bitterman on 566374; fourth,
L. F. Jones on 566853; fifth, W. A. Buck on 5S6369.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($12, $8, $6; $5, $3) — First, P. M. Sutton on
549301; second, J. D. Moore & Son on 549184; third, P. M. Sutton on 549299;
fourth, J. D. Moore & Son on 549198; fifth, Delbert B. Craven on Hillcroft
Selection 553904.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, J. D. Moore
& Son on 565818; second, R. C. Yohe on 566741; third, R. C. Yohe on
566742; fourth, E. L. Bitterman on 566378; fifth, E. L. Bitterman on 566381.
Ewe Under One Year ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3)— First, R. C. Yohe on 566737;
second, Heatherhall Farms on 564594; third, L. F. Jones on 566859; fourth,
L. F. Jones on 566864; fifth, D. W. Bruns on 566434.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, Dan'l Leonard on yearling ram.
Ewe, Any»Age ($10) — First, P. M. Sutton on aged ewe 549301.
Flock ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, E. L. Bitterman; second, J. D. Moore <t
Son; third, D. W. Bruns; fourth, Delbert B. Craven; fifth, P. M. Sutton.
Get of Sire ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, L. F. Jones; second, E. L. Bitter-
man; third, Heatherhall Farms; fourth, D. W. Bruns; fifth, R. C. Yohe.
SPECIAL PREMIUMS OFFERED BY AMERICAN SHROPSHIRE REGIS-
TRY ASSOCIATION
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, R. C. Yohe on
527492; second, Dan'l Leonard on 498813; third, Dan'l Leonard on 549293;
fourth, E. L. Bitterman on 527521; fifth, R. C. Yohe on 527490.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First Dan'l Leon-
ard; second, R. C. Yohe on 550264; third, D. W. Bruns on 549450; fourth,
E. L. Bitterman on 566377; fifth, J. D. Moore & Son on 565812.
Ram Lamb ($8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. G. Hanmer on 565468; second,
J. G. Hanmer on 565467; third, R. C. Yohe on 566744; fourth, D. W. Bruns
on 567015; fifth, E. L. Bitterman on 566374.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, J. D. Moore
& Son on 565818; second, R. C. Yohe on 566741; third, R. C. Yohe on 566742;
fourth, E. L. Bitterman on 566381; fifth, E. L. Bitterman on 566378.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 279
Ewe Lamb ($8, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, E. L. Bitterman on 566384; second,
R. C. Yohe on 566737; third, Heatherhall Farms on 564912; fourth, L. F.
Jones on 566859; fifth, L. F. Jones on 566864.
Ram, Any Age ($7.50) — First, R. C. Yohe on 527492.
Ewe, Any Age ($7.50) — First, J. D. Moore & Son on 565818.
Pen Pour Lambs ($8, $6, $3, $2) — First, L. F. Jones; second, E. L. Bit-
terman; third, Heatherhall Farms; fourth, D. W. Bruns.
Pen, Three Yearling Ewes ($8, $6, $3, $2, $1) — First, R. C. Yohe; second,
E. L. Bitterman; third, J. D. Moore & Son; fourth, L. F. Jones; fifth,
Matt Baker.
Pen, Three Yearling Rams ($8, $6, $3, $2, $1) — First, E. L. Bitterman;
second, J. D. Moore & Son; third, D. W. Bruns; fourth, R. C. Yohe; fifth,
Matt Baker.
Best Show of His Own Breeding to the Exhibitor Never Having Ex-*
hibited at the Iowa State Fair ($10) — First, L. F. Jones.
OXFORD DOWNS
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, Heatherhall
Farms; second, John Graham & Son; third, Iowa State College 99196;
fourth, John Graham & Son on Bruce 13 97936; fifth, Geo. Hauser & Son
on 103653.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, Iowa State
College on 102661; second, Heatherhall Farms on 17993; third, C. A. Taylor;
fourth, Gale Reed; fifth, Iowa State College on 104422.
Ram Under One Year ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, Iowa State College;
second, Iowa State College; third, C. A. Taylor; fourth, C. A. Taylor; fifth,
John Graham & Son.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, John Graham &
Son on 101991; second, Geo. Hauser & Son on 103657; third, Iowa State
College on 101139; fourth, Iowa State College on 92182; fifth, Heatherhall
Farms.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, Iowa State
College on 102648; second, John Graham & Son on 101992; third, Geo.
Hauser & Sons on 103662; fourth, Geo. Hauser & Sons on 103668; fifth, John
Graham & Son on 101993.
Ewe Under One Year ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, John Graham & Son;
second, Heatherhall Farms; third, Gale Reed; fourth, E. G. Uhl; fifth,
Iowa State College.
Ram, Any Age ($10) — First, Heatherhall Farms on aged ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($10) — First, John Graham & Son on aged ewe.
Flock ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, John Graham & Son; second, Iowa
State College; third, Heatherhall Farms; fourth, Geo. Hauser & Son; fifth,
Gale Reed.
Get of Sire ($12, $8, $6, $5, $3) — First, John Graham & Son; second, Iowa
State College; third, C. A. Taylor; fourth, Gale Reed;, fifth, F. H. Osen &
Sons.
IOWA OXFORD SPECIALS
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($7, .$5, $4, $3, $2) — First, John Graham &
Son on 97936; second, Geo. Hauser & Son; third, Geo. Hauser & Son; fourth,
C. C. Croxen; fifth, John Graham & Son.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, John Gra-
ham & Son on 101990; second, John Graham & Son on 102002; third, Geo.
Hauser & Son on 103670; fourth, Geo. Hauser on 103669; fifth, C. C. Croxen.
Ram Under One Year ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, John Graham & Son;
second, John Graham & Son; third, C. C. Croxen; fourth, F. H. Osen &
Sons; fifth, C. C. Croxen.
280 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, Geo. Hauser &
Son on 103657; second, John Graham & Son on 10118; third, Geo. Hauser
& Son on 98100; fourth, John Graham & Son on 97942; fifth, F. H. Osen
& Sons on 92315.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($7, $5, $4, $3) — First, John Graham
& Son on 101992; second, Geo. Hauser & Son on 103660; third, John Graham
& Son on 101993; fourth, Geo. Hauser & Son on 103668.
Ewe Under One Year ($7, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, John Graham & Son;
second, Geo. Hauser & Son; third, John Graham & Son; fourth, Geo. Hauser
& Son; fifth, F. H. Osen & Sons.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — First, John Graham & Son on aged ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — First, Geo. Heauser & Son on aged ram.
Flock ($9, $7, $5, $3) — First, Geo. Hauser & Son; second, John Graham
& Son; third, F. H. Osen & Sons; fourth, C. C. Croxen.
Get of Sire ($9, $7, $5, $3) — First, John Graham & Son; second, F. H.
Osen & Sons; third, Geo. Hauser & Son; fourth, C. C. Croxen.
SPECIAL PRIZES OFFERED BY AMERICAN OXFORD DOWN RECORD
ASSOCIATION
Best Yearling Ram ($10, $6, $4) — First, John Graham & Son on 101990;
second, John Graham & Son on 102002; third, Geo. Hauser & Son on 103670.
Best Yearling Ewe ($10, $6, $4) — First, John Graham & Son on 101992;
second, Geo. Hauser & Son on 103660; third, John Graham & Son on 101993.
Best Pen Four Lambs, Either Sex ($10, $8, $6) — First, John Graham &
Son; second, F. H. Osen & Sons; third, Geo. Hauser & Son.
SOUTHDOWN
Judge W. C. Coffey, St. Paul, Minn.
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, E. E. Bitterman on 40021; third, C. A. Taylor; fourth Heatherhall
Farms.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, E. G. Uhl;
second, E. L. Bitterman; third, Heartherhall Farms; fourth, Iowa State
College on 41749.
Ram Under One Year ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Iowa State College; second,
Iowa State College; third, C. A. Taylor; fourth, C. A. Taylor.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Iowa State College
on 40416; second, Heatherhall Farms on 35652; third, E. G. Uhl on 40415;
fourth, E. L. Bitterman on 36162.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Iowa State
College on 41754; second, Iowa State College on 41753; third, C. A. Taylor;
fourth, Heatherhall Farms.
Ewe Under One Year ($10, $8, $6, $4) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second,
Heatherhall Farms on 2608; third, E. G. Uhl; fourth, Iowa State College
on 42873.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — First, Heatherhall Farms.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — First, Iowa State College on yearling ewe.
Flock ($9, $7, $5, $3) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second, Iowa State
College; third, E. G. Uhl; fourth, C. A. Taylor.
Get of Sire ($9, $7, $5, $3) — First, Iowa State College; second, C. A. Tay-
lor; third, E. G. Uhl; fourth, E. L. Bitterman.
DORSET
Judge W. C. Coffey, St. Paul, Minn.
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4, $2) — First, Edmund Hanson; second,
Heatherhall Farms; third, C. C. Croxen.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 281
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, Edmund Hanson;
second, C. C. Croxen; third, Edmund Hanson.
Ram Under One Year ($6, $4) — First, Edmund Hanson; second, Edmund
Hanson.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4, $2) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, C. A. Taylor on Rose 2d 24393; third. Edmund Hanson.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($6, $4, $2) — First, Heatherhall Farms;
second, Edmund Hanson; third, Edmund Hanson.
Ewe Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second,
Edmund Hanson; third, C. C. Croxen.
Ram, Any Age ($5) — Champion, Edmund Hanson on aged ram.
Ewe, Any Age ($5) — Champion, Heatherhall Farms on yearling- ewe.
Flock ($10, $8, $6) — First, Heatherhall Farms; second, Edmund Hanson;
third, C. C. Croxen.
Get of Sire ($10) — First, Edmund Hanson.
CHEVIOT
Judge W. C. Coffey. St. Paul, Minn.
Ram Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4. $2) — First, Maple Grove Farm on
9945; second, Archie R. Minish on Blue Grass 307 12532; third, Maple Grove
Farm on 12454.
Ram One Year Old and Under Two ($6. $4, $2) — First, Maple Grove Farm
on 13455; second, Archie R. Minish on Lester 13661; third, Archie R. Min-
ish on Louis 13659.
Ram Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, Archie R. Minish on Minish
35 14008; second, Archie R. Minish on Minish 30 14007; third, Maple Grove
Farm.
Ewe Two Years Old or Over ($6, $4, $2) — First, Archie R. Minish on Lucy
13654; second, A. J. Minish & Son on Tena 13472; third, Elmer Frye & Sons
on Maple Grove 278 11515.
Ewe One Year Old and Under Two ($6. $4, $2) — First, Archie R. Minish
on Laura 13657; second, Maple Grove Farm on 13454; third. C. C. Croxen.
Ewe Under One Year ($6, $4, $2) — First, Archie R. Minish on Bess 14004;
second, Archie R. Minish on Jean 14005; third, Maple Grove Farm.
Champion Ram, Any Age ($5) — Maple Grove Farm on aged ram.
Champion Ewe, Any, Age ($5) — A. R. Minish on aged ewe.
Flock ($10, $8, $6) — First, Archie R. Minish; second, Maple Grove Farm;
third C. C. Croxen.
Get of Sire ($10, $8) — First, Archie R. Minish; second, C. C. Croxen.
WOOL EXHIBIT
Pure Bred Exhibit
Judge C. J. Faucett, Chicago, 111.
Merino Ram Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
A. J. Blakely & Son; third, Joe W. Edgar.
Merino Ewe Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second. A. J.
Blakely & Son; third, F. F. Warner.
Ramhonillet Ram Fleece ($3, $2) — First, Iowa State College; second,
Iowa State College.
Ramhouillet Ewe Fleece ($3, $2) — First, Iowa State College; second,
Iowa State College.
Shropshire Ram Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First. Dan'l Leonard & Sons; second,
Iowa State College; third, Iowa State College.
Shropshire Ewe Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, E. G. Uhl; second, Iowa State
College; third, Dan'l Leonard & Sons.
282 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART 1\
Southdown Ram Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Iowa State College; second,
E. G. Uhl; third, Iowa State College.
Southdown Ewe Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, E. G. Uhl; second, Iowa State
College; third, Iowa State College.
Hampshire Ram Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Iowa State College; second,
Iowa State College; third, E. G. Uhl.
Hampshire Ewe Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Iowa State College; second,
E. G. Uhl; third, Iowa State College. \
Oxford Ram Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Iowa State College; second, John
Graham & Son on 101990; third, Iowa State College.
Oxford Ewe Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, E. G. Uhl; second, Iowa State
College; third, Iowa State College.
Cheviot Ram Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Archie R. Minish; second, Maple
Grove Farm; third Maple Grove Farm.
Cheviot Ewe Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Maple Grove Farm; second, Maple
Grove Farm; third, Archie R. Minish.
Cotswold Ram Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Joe W. Edgar; second, Joe
W. Edgar; third, Maple Grove Farm.
Cotswold Ewe Fleece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Maple Grove Farm; second, J.
W. Edgar; third, J. W. Edgar.
MARKET CLASS EXHIBIT
Fine Staple ($10, $8, $6, $4. $2) — First, F. F. Warner; second, A. J.
Blakely & Son; third, A. J. Blakely & Son; fourth, F. F. Warner; fifth,
Iowa State College.
One-Half Blood Staple ($10) — First, F. F. Warner.
Three-Eighths Blood Staple ($10, $8, $6, $4, $2) — First, E. G. Uhl; second,
Iowa State College; third, D. W. Bruns; fourth, E. G. Uhl; fifth, Iowa
State College. " ' > **
One-Fourth Blood Staple ($10, $8, $6. $4, $2) — First, Iowa State College;
second, Daniel Leonard & Son; third, Daniel Leonard & Son; fourth, E. G.
Uhl; fifth, Daniel Leonard & Son.
Braid ($10. $8. $6) — First, Maple Grove Farm; second, Joe W. Edgar;
third, Joe W. Edgar.
COUNTY EXHIBITS ,
Fine Wool, Eight Fleeces ($20, $15) — First, C. W. Clarke; second, Powe-
shiek County Wool Growers' Association.
Medium Wool, Eight Fleeces ($20, $15, $10) — First, E. G. Uhl; second,
Poweshiek County Wool Growers' Association; third, D. W. Bruns.
COUNTY EXHIBITS, SPECIAL PRIZES
Fine Wool, Three Fleeces ($10, $8, $7) — First, A. J. Blakely & Son; second,
F. F. Warner; third, Iowa State College.
Medium Wool, Three Fleeces ($10, $8, $7) — First, E. G. Uhl; second, Dan-
iel Leonard & Sons; third, Iowa State College.
SHEARING EVENTS
Shearing with Power Machine hy Professionals ($10, $7, $3, $2) — First,
E. G. Uhl, Ames; second, J. A. Peasley, Indianola; third, E. D. Peasley,
Indianola; fourth, C. H. Brown, Keokuk.
Shearing with Hand Shears by Professionals ($10, $7, $3) — First, C. A.
Taylor, Ames; second, E. G. Uhl, Ames; third, C. H. Brown, Keokuk.
Shearing with Power Machine hy Amateurs ($10, $7, $3, $2) — First, John
Graham, Eldora; second, J. C. Morton, Indianola; third, Frank Osen, Anita;
fourth, C. C. Croxen, West Liberty.
AWARDS IOWA STAT.E FAIR 283
Shearing with Hand Shears hy Amateurs ($10, $7, $3, $2) — First, Elmer
Frye; second, John Graham; third, Frank Osen; fourth, C. C. Croxen.
Blocking and Trimming Sheep for Show Ring ($10, $8, $6, $4, $2) —
First, E. G. Uhl, Ames; second, C. A. Taylor, Ames; third, Angus Moore, Mt.
Pleasant; fourth, C. H. Brown, Keokuk; fifth, D. W. Bruns, Sigourney.
GOAT DEPARTMENT
Exhibitors — N. Bartholomew, 216 Good Blk., Des Moines; O. H. Kale, 4020
10th St., Des Moines; O. R. Sheets, Des Moines, R. 3.
Milch Goats
TOGGENBURG
Pure Bred
Judge O. H. Gillespie, Grinnell, Iowa.
Buck Under Six Months ($5, $3, $2) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell
Jeff 17329; second, O. R. Sheets on Glen Dell Irox 17332; third, N. Bartholo-
mew on Glen Dell Superb 17328.
Doe Two Years Old or Over ($5, $3) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell
Fenette 5145; second, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Marie 12883.
Doe One Year Old and Under Two ($5, $3) — First, N. Bartholomew on
Glen Dell Dolly 12884; second, O. R. Sheets on Glenn Dell Fawn 12894.
Doe Under One Year ($5) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glenn Dell Connie
17330.
REGISTERED TOGGENBURG
Doe Two Years Old or Over ($5, $3) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glen
Dell Flota 12287; second, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Lucy 5143.
Doe One Year Old and Under Two ($5, $3) — First, N. Bartholomew on
Glen Dell Carrie 12875; second, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Ruth 12881.
Doe Under One Year ($5, $3) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glenn Dale Judy
17333; second, N. Bartholomew on Glenn Dale Aleka 17334.
Champion. Doe ($5) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glenn Dell Dolly 12884.
% NUBIAN
Pure Bred
Buck Under Six Months ($5, $3, $2) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glenn Dale
Colateral 17327; second, O. R. Sheets on Glen Dell Buehl; third, N. Bartholo-
mew on Glen Dale King- Dodo.
Doe One Year Old and Under Two ($5, $3, $2)— First, O. R. Sheets on
Glen Dell Zeta P-2386; second, N. Bartholomew on Glenn Dale Una 12892;
third, N. Bartholomew on Glenn Dale Lorna 12893.
Doe Under One Year ($5, $3, $2) — First, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dale
Javeline 17326; second, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dale Fancy; third, O. R.
Sheets on Glen Dell Helen.
NUBIAN
Registered Nubian
Doe Two Years Old or Over ($5, $3, $2) — First, O. R. Sheets on Glen Dell
Joy G-2741; second, N. Bartholomew on Glue Bells G-1211; third, N. Bar-
tholomew on Glen Dell Mignon G-2275.
Doe One Year Old and Under Two ($5, $3, $2) — First, O. R. Sheets on
Glen Dell Felice G-2795; second, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Blessie
G-2397; third, O. R. Sheets on Glen Dell Phyllis 2794.
284 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Doe Under One Year ($5, $3, $2) — First, O. R. Sheets on Glen Dell Gipsy;
second, N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Dimples; third, N. Bartholomew on
Glenn Dell Princess.
Champion Doe ($5) — N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Javelin 17326.
REGISTERED SAANENS
Doe Two' Years Old or Over ($5) — N. Batholomew on Glen Dell May
17336.
Doe Under One Year ($5) — N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Mena 17337.
Champion Doe ($5) — N. Bartholomew on Glen Dell Mena 17337.
PREMIER EXHIBITOR
Exhibitor Winning the Greatest Number of Points. First prize to count
3 points, second prize 2 points, third prize 1 point and 1 point for each
goat exhibited ($30, $25) — First, N. Bartholomew; second, O. R. Sheets.
SPECIAL PRIZES
Offered by American Milk Goat Record Association
Champion Toggenhurg Buck ($10, Special Ribbon) — N. Bartholomew on
Glen Dell Jeff 17329.
Champion Toggenburg Doe ($10, Special Ribbon) — N. Bartholomew on
Glen Dell Dolly 12884.
Champion Saanen Doe ($10, Special Ribbon) — N. Bartholomew on Glen
Dell Mena 17337.
Champion Nubian Buck ($10, Special Ribbon) — N. Bartholomew on Glen
Dell Colateral 17327.
Champion Nubian Doe ($10, Special Ribbon) — N. Bartholomew on Glen
Dell Javelin 17326.
BOYS' AND GIRLS' SHEEP DEPARTMENT
Exhibitors — William Anderson, West Liberty ; Lucy Anderson, West Lib-
erty; Winifred* Anderson, Muscatine; Marion Anderson, Muscatine; Ivan
Beck, Corning; Lawrence Beck, Corning"; Evelyn Beck, Ontario; Charlotte
Beck, Ames; Clarence W. Beck, Ontario; Lester Beck, Ames; John Camp-
bell, Mt. Pleasant; Leota Baily, Muscatine; Ethel Birkett, Muscatine; Ray-
mond Cleland, Ewart; Ernest T. Eness, Gilbert; Clifford Fregermuth, Mus-
catine; Loucilla Gildersleeve, Gilbert; Guy Gosenberg, West Liberty; Paul
Greyson, Montezuma; Zona D. Hanshaw, Douds; Einer Jensen, Ames; Don-
ald Nichols, West Liberty; Archie Nichols, West Liberty; Romayne Por-
ter, Ames; Lyle B. Porter, Ames; Edwin Parish, Grinnell; Melvin Pierson,
West Branch; Mary Probst, Muscatine; Lillian Pemberton, Muscatine:
Virginia Reed, Ames; Gale Reed, Ames; Elsie Shark, Ames; Lucille Sayre,
Eldora; Clifton Schultz, Malcom; Orrie Tweed, Jewell; Arnold Tweed,
Jewell; Beatrice Tweed, Ames; Glen C. Uhl, Ames; Ina Wick, Mt. Pleasant;
Vernon Wright, West Liberty.
Judge P. S. Shearer,, Ames, Iowa.
SHROPSHIRE SECTION
Ram Lamb ($10, $8, $5) — First, Ina Wick; second, Ivan Beck on A. Leon-
ard; third, Ivan Beck on Silver.
Etve Lamb ($10, $8, $5) — First, John Campbell; second, Elsie Sharp on
Edna 1091; third, Lawrence Beck on Mable.
OXFORD SECTION
Ram Lamb ($10, $8) — First, Virginia Reed on I. S. C. 1021; second, Gale
Reed on Buster I. S. C. 1134.
Ewe Lamb ($10, $8, $5, $4, $3) — First, Lyle B. Porter on Bess; second,
Orrie Tweed on Susie 16; third, Lucille Sayre on Graham 1685; fourth,
Gale Reed on Betty I. S. C. 1135; fifth, Virginia Reed on I. S. C. 1058.
♦ AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 285
HAMPSHIRE SECTION
Ram Lamb ($10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, Clarence W. Beck on Terry 2;
second, Clarence W. Beck on Jerry 1; third, Ernest T. Eness on Eness 50;
fourth, Orrie Tweed on Tommy 9; fifth, Orrie Tweed on Christopher 10.
Ewe Lamb ($10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, Arnold Tweed on Marjorie; second,
Orrie Tweed on Uhl 21; third, Lester L. Beck on Queen Iowan; fourth,
Evelyn E. Beck on Olive Bell; fifth, Charlotte E. Beck on Lady William-
ette.
SOUTHDOWN SECTION
Ram Lamb ($8, $6) — First, Glen C. Uhl on Uhl 5; second, Beatrice Tweed
on Uhl 15.
Ewe Lamb ($8, $6, $3) — First, Glen C. Uhl on Uhl 6; second, Beatrice
Tweed on Uhl 4; third, Beatrice Tweed on Uhl 3.
DELAINE SECTION
Ram Lamb ($8, $6) — First, Edwin Perish; second, Paul Greyson.
Ewe Lamb ($S, $6, $3, $2, $2) — First, Paul Greyson; second, Clifton
Schultz; third, Raymond Cleland; fourth, Clifton Schultz; fifth, Raymond
Cleland.
Cbampion Ram Lamb, All Breeds ($6) — Ina Wick on Shropshire ram.
Champion Ewe Lamb, All Breeds ($6) — John Campbell.
FAT CLASSES
Wether or Ewe ($8, $7, $5, $4, $3, $2, $2, $2) — First, Melvin Pierson;
second, Lillian Pemberton; third, William Anderson; fourth, Mary Probst;
fifth, Ethel Birkett; sixth, Vernon Wright; seventh, Lucy Anderson; eighth,
Marion Anderson.
County Sheep Club Exhibit of Eight Lambs ($15, $12, $10) — First, Story
County Pure Bred Ewe and Lamb Club; second, Poweshiek County; third,
Story County Pure Bred Ewe and Lamb Club.
BOYS' AND GIRLS' FLEECE WOOL EXHIBIT
Fleece Exhibited by Individuals
One-Fourth Blood ($3, $2, $1, $1, $1, $1, $1) — First, Elsie Sharp; second,
Arnold Tweed; third, Arnold Tweed; fourth, Evelyn E. Beck; fifth, Beat-
rice Tweed; sixth, Glen C. Uhl; seventh, Beatrice Tweed.
Three-Eighths Blood ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Elsie Sharp; second, Lyle B.
Porter; third, Evelyn E. Beck; fourth, Lester L. Beck.
County Exhibit of at Least Six Fleeces Other Than Fine Wool ($10, $8)
— First, Story County Pure Bred Ewe and Lamb Club; second, Story County
Pure Bred Ewe and Lamb Club.
Judge C. J. Faucett, Chicago, 111.
POULTRY DEPARTMENT
Superintendent V. G. Warnes, Bloomfield, Iowa.
f E. C. Branch, Lees Summit, Iowa.
J Harry Atkins, Davenport, Iowa.
IE, D. Monilaw, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
[Oscar Gron (Water Fowls), Waterloo, Iowa.
Exhibitors — Paul O. Alex, Coon Rapids ; A. L. Anderson, S. W. 13th and
Pleasant St., Des Moines; C. R. Anderson, Indianola; Marshall Ashworth,
1440 47th St., Des Moines; R. C. Bair & Son, Humboldt; Fred Bell, Boone;
John F. Barg-enholt, Orient; H. H. Burkheimer, Lorimor; Mrs. Olaf Benson,
Sioux Rapids; John Buck, Iowa City; Neva A. Bridie, Mingo; O. M. Brown,
286 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Slater; R. Budatz, R. F. D. 5, Council Bluffs; John Bruce, Monroe; H. M.
Beaver, 2816 Sheridan St., Davenport; H. S. Boyce, 56th and Hickman, Des
Moines; W. H. Boyce, 2413 Elizabeth Ave., Des Moines; Mrs. O. C. Bierma, R.
F. D. 5, E. Des Moines; Geo. Beard, Bedford; E O. Birchard, R. F. D. 3, Wat-
erloo; D. W. Bruns, Sigourney; L. D. Carpenter, Indianola; Thos. Cooke, 2216
Clark St., Des Moines; W. R. Cummings, Sr.. Perry; L. B. Calbreath & Son,
527 S. 15th St., Keokuk; W. J. Coffin & Son, Waverly; Jas. J. Clarke, Monroe;
Web Clements, Agency; Charles E. Diehl, Ft. Des Moines; L. E. Dicken-
sheets, 47th and Douglas, R. No. 302, Des Moines; L. F. Davis, Lorimor;
D. D. Dailey, 1099 W. 63rd St. Des Moines; Albert Doerder, R. F. D. No. 2,
Boone; F. A. Davis, Waverly; Dr. H. E. Day & Sons, Dumont; Mrs. Verla
Dunlap, Altoona; Gerald R. Duncan, R. No. 1, Columbus Jet.; Kermet
Donnelly, Ottumwa; Geo. Dickey, 1210 4th Ave., Rock Island, 111.; W. H.
Ebersole, 1549 Hull Ave., Des Moines; E. A. Franquemont, 44th and Ur-
bandale, Des Moines; W. S. Fryer, Council Bluffs; Gerna Fouche, Osceola;
Leo E. Fahritz, Ottumwa; Harry Firkins, E. 24th and Guthrie, Des Moines;
Ardis Farley, Indianola; Mrs. Frank Fritz, Earlham; Mrs. C. D. Freel,
Runnells; Pauline Fitzsimmons, Ottumwa; J. T. Fletcher, What Cheer;
Everett A. Farnham, Box 691, Valley Junction; Gerald Gay, Beacon; Mrs.
E. C. Grace, 1003 63rd St. Des Moines; Frank V. Gipple, Columbus Junction;
Griffiths Bros., R. F. D. No. 3, Des Moines; C. A. Goss, Des Moines; T. M.
Hayden, Creston; Mrs. Florence Hast, Box 110, Des Moines; Mrs. L. L.
Hunter, Drakesville; Mrs. J. E. Hull, R. R. No. 6, Box 58, Oskaloosa; Mrs.
M. R. Hess, Oskaloosa; Wm. A. Hoos, 2016 20th St., Des Moines; Wm.
Herink, Chelsea; Edmund Hanson, Dean; H. C. Hunt, Delavan, 111.; Fred C.
Hacke, Indianola; Mrs. C. W. Hendrick, Murray; M. B. Howe, Cedar Falls;
T. H. Hall, Box 432, Des Moines; Archie Hart, Rock Island, 111.; Weir Hart,
Bondurant; M. A. Heifner, 56th and Hickman Ave., Des Moines; Mrs. F.
Hoppe, Danbury; Liston L. Hall, Box 12, Council Bluffs; C. D. Joslin, Hol-
stein; Jersey Ridge Poultry Farm, R. F. D. No. 1, Davenport; F. W. John-
son, Monroe; Chas. E. Jones, Coon Rapids; W. L. Johnson, Brooklyn; H. M.
& R. M. Jones, 2984 Easton Blvd., Des Moines; Mrs. Chalmers W. Johnson,
R. F. D. No. 1, Oskaloosa; F. S. Jordan, Springville; M. L. Jones, Glad-
brook; H. E. Johnson, Monroe; Kellogg & Kellogg, Cambridge, 111.; W. L.
& W. R. Kiel, 534 4th St. ,Ft. Madison; Kelley Poultry Farm, Wilton Junc-
tion; Mrs. F. H. Kronenberg, Walcott; August Klepke & Son, Eldora;
A. N. Kirr, Morrison, 111.; J. W. Laird, Mt. Pleasant; Karl E. Larson, Mitch-
ellville; D. Locker, 44 Urbandale, Des Moines; Oscar Larson, Clarion;
Ira Luse, R. R. No. 7, Osceola; C. M. Livingston, Monroe; Leora Leonard,
Mingo; Wm. Lund, 813 E. 9th St., Muscatine; Wm. McMichael, 2434 S. E. 6th
St., Des Moines; F. J. McFarland, 2346 S. 7th St., Des Moines; Ina Morton,
Indianola; John J. Moore, Atlantic; Albert Mather, R. No. 3, Des Moines;
J. T. Molloy & Sons, Albion; Chester L. Mason, Early; Rev. F. A. Moore,
Grinnell; J. F. Meilike, Altoona; H. S. Masimore, 2425 S. E. 5th St., Des
Moines; Oakmoor Poultry Farm, 2801 Hickman Ave., Des Moines; M. F.
Nielson, 3016 Carr St., Des Moines; Theo. W. Happe, Carroll; W. H. Pat-
ton, R. No. 1, Iowa City; J. W. Pearson, Mitchellville ; Dr. W. J. Pirie,
Springville; Virgil 'W. Peterson, Olds; S. H. Page, Waverly; Chas. C. Peck,
Waverly; C. L. Priest, 2923 E. Grand Ave., Des Moines; Mrs. A. E. Peters,
Corning; Geo. S. Phillips, 1218 7th St., Des Moines; Ira Pfantz, State Center;
Mrs. E. S. Randall, R. No. 3, Sigourney; S. F. Raff, Springville; Walter
Russell, Indianola; John Reimon, Jefferson; Roup & Son, Ames; Albert J.
Ruess, West Liberty; W. C. Runft, Reinbeck; Fred G. Reis, Indianola;
E. H. Rucker, Ottumwa; F. L. Reinhard & Son, 217 N. Sheridan Ave., Ot-
tumwa; Harold Schabilion, Columbus Jet.; R. R. Shrock, Des Moines; Emlin
Smith, Mt. Ayr; Miss Frona B. Stephenson, R. No. 3, Box 3, Maryville, Mo.;
Miss Celia Simons, Farragut; James F. Steele, R. No. 1, Eddyville; Thos.
Smillie, Box 81, Hocking; Mrs. Millard Thompson, Polk City; Mrs. H. A.
Taylor, 58th and University, Des Moines; J. H. Todd, Villisca; Lee Taylor,
Mitchellville; W. S. Turk, 2601 Logan Ave., Des Moines; Mrs. L. R. Van
Velson, R. No. 5, Creston; C. & C. T. Van Lint, Pella; Mrs. V. G. Warner,
Bloomfield; Mrs. Mary Wagner, Ankeny; H. V. Wright, 1227 Clark Ave.,
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 287
Ames; Dana Walters, P. O. Dept., Des Moines; Marvin M. Walters, Joy,
111.; H. J. Wieman, Burlington; G. M. Wormley, State Center; Julius
Wegner, 1448 Pleasant St., Davenport; F. F. Wisecup, Woodward; W. F.
Wallace, R. No. 1, Des Moines; George Wagner, Ottumwa.
SWEEPSTAKES, AMERICAN CLASS
Best Cockerel (Silver Loving Cup) — D. Locker on Single Comb Rhode
Island Red.
Best Pullet (Silver Loving Cup) — H. V. Wright on White Wyandotte.
AMERICAN
Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerel Bred Cock, 21 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) —
First, Gerno Fouche on 9; second, Marvin M. Walters on 76; third, F. L.
Reinhard; fourth, F. L. Reinhard.
Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerel Bred Cockerel, 18 entries ($3, $2, $1,
$1) — First, S. H. Page on 50; second, Mrs. F. H. Kronenberg on 39; third,
Wm. A. Hoos on 11; fourth, Marvin W. Walters on 274.
Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerel Bred Hen, 16 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) —
First, S. H. Page on 43; second, Marvin M. Walters on 18; third, John
Reiman & Son on 36; fourth, W. H. Boyce on 81.
Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerel Bred Pullet, 20 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1)
— First, S. H. Page on 46; second, Mrs. F. H. Kronenberg on 24; third,
Marvin M. Walters on 263-; fourth, John Reiman & Son on 104.
Barred Plymouth Rocks Cockerel Bred Pen Fowls, 6 entries ($5, $3, $2) —
First, William McMichael; second, L. B. Calbreath; third, S. H. Page.
Barred Plymouth Rocks Cockerel Bred Pen Chicks, 16 entries ($5, $3, $1)
— First, H. H. Burkheimer; second, T. J. McFarland; third, Wm. A. Hoos.
Barred Plymouth Rocks Pullet Bred Cock, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) —
First, L. H. Page on 72; second, John Reimann & Son on 18; third, John
Reiman & Son on 5; fourth, John Reiman & Son on 41.
Barred Plymouth Rock Pullet Bred Cockerel, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) —
First, John Reiman & Son on 100; second, S. H. Page on 90; third, John
Reiman & Son on 107; fourth, Marvin M. Walters on 155.
Barred Plymouth Rock Pullet Bred Hen, 8 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
Marvin M. Walters on 72; second, S. H. Page on 3407; third, Marvin M.
Walters oh 214; fourth, John Reiman & Son on 42.
Barred Plymouth Rock Pullet Bred Pullet, 9 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) —
First, S. H. Page on 30; second, John Reiman & Son on 87; third, John
Reiman & Son on 86; fourth, Marvin M. Walters on 211.
Barred Plymouth Rocks Pullet Bred Pen Fowls, 3 entries ($5, $3, $1) —
First, John Reiman & Son; second, John Reiman & Son; third, L. B. Cal-
breath & Son.
Barred Plymouth Rocks Pullet Bred Pen Chicks, 3 entries ($5, $3, $1) —
First, John Reiman & Son; second, John Reiman & Son; third, S. H. Page
White Plymouth Rock Cock, 5 entries ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. L. L. Hunter
on 12; second, F. W. Johnson on 14.
White Plymouth Rock Cockerel, 13 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Jersey
Ridge Poultry Farm on 195; second, Chas. C. Peck on 97; third, J. M.
Pearson on 77; fourth, Mrs. L. L. Hunter on 11.
White Plymouth Rock Hen, 8 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, L. E. Dick-
ensheets on 81; second, Mrs. L. L. Hunter on 11; third, L. E. Dickensheets
on 80; fourth, F. W. Johnson on 100.
White Plymouth Rock Pullet, 13 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, L. E.
Dickensheets on 63; second, L. E. Dickensheets on 62; third, Jersey Ridge
Poultry Farm on 143; fourth, D. D. Dailey on 24.
White Plymouth Rock Pen Fowls, 1 entry ($5) — First, Mrs. L. L. Hunter.
White Plymouth Rock Pen Chicks, 7 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First, Jersey
Ridge Poultry Farm; second, L. E. Dickensheets; third, D. D. Dailey.
288 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Buff Plymouth Rock Cock, 3 entries ($3, $2) — First, John Burk on 1;
second, Kellogg- & Kellogg- on 40.
Buff Plymouth Rock Cockerel, 5 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, Walter Rus-
sell on 393; second, John Burk on 2; third, Emlin Smith on 19.
Buff Plymouth Rock Hen, 4 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, T. H. Hall on
195; second, Neva A. Bridie on 54; third, Kellogg & Kellogg on 10; fourth,
Neva A. Bridie on 44.
Buff Plymouth Rock Pullet, 9 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, John Burk
on 3; second, T. H. Hall on 200; third,' T. H. Hall on 142; fourth, Kellogg
& Kellogg on 52.
Buff Plymouth Rock Pen Fowls, 2 entries ($5, $3) — First, Walter Rus-
sell; second, Neva Bridie.
Buff Plymouth Rock Pen Chicks, 4 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First, Walter
Russell; second, John Burk; third, T. H. Hall.
Partridge Plymouth Rock Cock, 9 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) —
First, Dr. W. J. Pirie on 67; second, S. F. Raff on 23; third, Dr. W. J.
Pirie on 26; fourth, S. H. Page on 74.
Partridge Plymouth Rock Cockerel, 8 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
—First, S. H. Page on 65; second, S. F. Raff on 8; third, S. F. Raff on 4;
fourth, S. F. Raff on 7.
Partridge Plymouth Rock Hen, 9 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) —
First, Dr. J. W. Pirie on 14; second, S. F. Raff on 70; third, Dr. J. W. Pirie
on 21: fourth, S. F. Raff on 11.
Partridge Plymouth Rock Pullet, 9 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
— First, Kellogg & Kellogg on 43; second, S. F. Raff on 6; third, Mrs. C.
W. Hendrick on 11; fourth, Dr. W. J. Pirie on 12.
Partridge Plymouth Rock Pen Fowls, 1 entry ($5) — First, Dr. W. J. Pirie.
Partridge Plymouth Rock Pen Chicks, 4 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First, S. H.
Page; second, Mrs. C. W. Hendrick; third, H. S. Boyce.
Silver Wyandotte Cock, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. V. G. Warner;
second, C. R. Anderson on 13; third, J. H. Todd on 54; fourth, Albert J.
Ruess on 28.
Silver Wyandotte Cockerel, 9 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. V. G.
Warner; second, Mrs. V. G. Warner; third, J. H. Todd on 63; fourth, A. L.
Anderson on 18.
Silver Wyadotte Hen, 8 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, J. H. Todd on 53;
second, Albert J. Ruess on 30; third, Mrs. V. G. Warner; fourth, A. L.
Anderson on 19.
Silver Wyandotte Pullet, 10 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. V. G.
Warner; second, J. H. Todd on 88; third, R. R. Shrock on 15; fourth, J. H.
Todd on 98.
Silver Wyandotte Pen Fowls, 3 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First, J. H. Todd;
secod, A. L. Anderson; third, Walter Perkins.
Silver Wyandotte Pen Chicks, 3 entries ($5, $3) — First, Mrs. V. G.
Warner; second, Walter Perkins.
Golden Wyandotte Cock, 2 entries ($3, $2) — -First, A. L. Anderson on
1; second, M. Lund on 15.
Golden Wyandotte Cockerel, 2 entries ($3) — First, A. L. Anderson on 2.
Golden Wyandotte Hen, 3 entries ($3, $2,) — First, A. L. Anderson on 4;
second, A. L. Anderson on 3.
Golden Wyandotte Pullet, 3 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, A. L. Anderson
on 5; second, A. L. Anderson 6n 7; third, A. L. Anderson on 6.
Golden Wyandotte Pen Fowls, 1 entry ($5) — First, A. L. Anderson.
Golden Wyandotte Pen Chicks, 1 entry ($5) — First, A. L. Anderson.
White Wyandotte Cock, 12 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, A. N. Kirr on
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 289
2; second, M. A. Heifner on 1; third, H. M. Beaver on 8; fourth, H. M.
Beaver on 21.
White Wyandotte Cockerel, 20 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1)— First, A. N. Kirr
on 5; second, H. M. Beaver on 15; third, H. M. Beaver on 18; fourth,
H. M. Beaver on 16.
White Wyandotte Hen, 11 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, J. W. Laird
on 10; second, M. A. Heifner on 52; third, W. H. Ebersole on 11; fourth,
Oakmoor Poultry Farm on 51.
White Wyandotte Pullet, 31 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, H. V. Wright
on 62; second, Mrs. Frank Fritz on 49; third, E. O. Birchard on 17; fourth,
E. O. Birchard on 19.
White Wyandotte Pen Fowls, 3 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First, M. A. Heifner;
second, W. H. Ebersole; third, A. N. Kirr.
White Wyandotte Pen Chicks, 6 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First, Oakmoor Poul-
try Farm; second, M. A. Heifner; third, W. H. Ebersole.
Buff Wyandotte Cock, 1 entry ($2) — First, W. J. Coffin & Sons on 52.
Buff Wyadotte Cockerel, 1 entry ($2) — First, W. J. Coffin & Sons on 53.
Buff Wyandotte Pullet, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, W. J. Coffin & Sons
on 40; second, W. J. Coffin & Sons on 51.
Buff Wyandotte Pen. Chicks, 1 entry ($5) — First, W. J. Coffin & Sons.
Partridge Wyandotte Cock, 3 entries ($3, $2) — First, W. J. Coffin & Sons
on 25; second, W. J. Coffin & Sons on 79.
Partridge Wyandotte Cockerel, 1 entry ($3) — First, H. M. Beaver on 54.
Partridge Wyandotte Hen, 3 entries (?3, $2) — First, W. J. Coffin & Sons
on 100; second, W. J. Coffin & Sons on 62.
Partridge Wyandotte Pen Fowls, 1 entry ($5) — First, W. J. Coffin & Sons.
Silver Penciled Wyandotte Cockerel, 1 entry ($2) — First, Mrs. V. G.
Warner.
Silver Penciled Wyandotte Hen, 1 entry ($2) — First, Mrs. V. G. Warner.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red Cock, 24 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
F. L. Reinhard & Son on 12; second, Fred Bell on 85; third, D. Locker on
74; fourth, Dr. W. P. Cummings on 100.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red Cockerel, 21 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) —
First, D. Locker on 54; second, Archie Hart on 189; third, G. F. Wisecup
on 100; fourth, D. Locker on 52.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red Hen, 19 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
Karl E. Larson on 60; second, E. H. Rucker on 87; third, G. F. Wisecup
on 99; fourth, Dana Wagner on 80.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red Pullet, 27 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
D. Locker on 57; second, D. Locker on 56; third, E. H. Rucker on 77;
fourth, E. H. Rucker on 76.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red, Pen Fowls, 7 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First,
D. Locker; second, E. H. Rucker; third, Liston L. Hall.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red, Pen Chicks, 12 entries ($5, $3, $1) —
First, G. F. Wisecup; second, D. Locker; third, E. H. Rucker.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Red Cock, 16 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
J. T. Fletcher on 29; second, W. F. Wallace on 35; third, M. L. Jones on
24; fourth, Harold Schabilion on 33.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Red Cockerel, 15 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
Harold Schabilion on 24; second, J. T. Fletcher on 25; third, W. H. Patton
on 11; fourth, Harold Schabilion on 22.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Red Hen, 22 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, L.
D. Carpenter on 8; second, Harold Schabilion on 14; third, Harold Schab-
ilion on 32; fourth, Mrs. L. R. Van Velson on 101.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Red Pullet, 18 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
19
290 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
J. T. Fletcher on 33; second, M. L. Jones on 20; third, Harold Schabilion
on 26; fourth, Harold Schabilion on 28.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Red, Pen Fowls, 7 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First,
L. D. Carpenter; second, Harold Schabilion; third, M. L. Jones; fourth,
Mrs. L. R. Van Velson.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Red, Pen Chicks, 6 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First,
W. H. Patton; second, L. D. Carpenter; third, M. L. Jones; fourth, Harold
Schabilion.
EGG LAYING BODY CAPACITY TEST
AMERICAN CLASS
Pullet Mating: Barred Plymouth Rocks — First, John Reiman & Son on
42; second, Marvin Walters on 214; third, S. H. Page on 3407.
Cockerel Mating: Barred Plymouth Rocks — First, Mrs. C. D. Freel on
116; second, S. H. Page on 33; third, Mrs. C. D. Freel on 124.
White Plymouth Rocks — First, Mrs. L. L. Hunter on 11; second, Neva
A. Bridie on 40; third, Neva A. Bridie on 43.
Buff Plymouth Rocks — First, Neva A. Bridie on 44; second, Walter Rus-
sell on 386; third, Walter Russell on 389.
Partridge Plymouth Rocks — First, H. S. Boyce on 74; second, Dr. J. W.
Pirie on 22; third, Kellogg & Kellogg on 9.
Single Comb Rhode Island Reds— First, F. L. Reinhard & Son on 465;
second, Dr. W. P. Cummings on 99; third, E. H. Rucker on 87.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Reds — First, L. D. Carpenter on 17; second.
Mrs. L. R. Van Velson on 101; third, M. L. Jones on 25.
Silver Laced Wyandottes — First, V. G. Warner on 3; second, J. H. Todd
on 84; third, Walter Perkins on 59.
White Wyandottes — First, A. N. Kerr on 12; second, M. A. Heifner on
9; third, A. N. Kerr on 10.
Other Wyandottes — First, A. L. Anderson on 9; second, A. L. Anderson on
3; third, W. J. Coffin & Sons on 100.
ASIATIC
Sweepstakes, Asiatic Class, Best Cockerel (Silver Loving Cup) — H. S.
Masimore on Buff Cochin 27.
Best Pullet (Silver Loving Cup) — Weir Hart on Light Brahma 28.
Egg Laying Body Capacity Test — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on Light
Brahma 4; second, H. S. Masimore on Buff Cochin 32; third, Weir Hart
on Light Brahma 45.
Light Brahma Cock, 2 entries ($3) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 1.
Light Brahma Cockerel, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Weir Hart on
40; second, Weir Hart on 4; third, Weir Hart on 6; fourth, H. M. & R.
M. Jones on 3.
Light Brahma Hen, 4 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Weir Hart on 36;
second, Weir Hart on 37; third, Weir Hart on 48; fourth, H. M. & R. M.
Jones on 4.
Light Bramha Pullet, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Weir Hart on 28;
second, Weir Hart on 44; third, Weir Hart on 34; fourth, H. M. & R. M.
Jones on 6.
Light Brahma, Pen Fowls, 1 entry ($5) — First, Weir Hart.
Light Brahma, Pen Chicks, 1 entry ($5) — First, Weir Hart.
Buff Cochin Cock, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. S. Masimore on 35;
second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 7.
Buff Cochin Cockerel, 5 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. S. Masimore on
17; second, H. S. Masimore on 26.
Buff Cochin Hen, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. S. Masimore on 32;
lecond, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 10.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 291
Buff Cochin Pullet, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones
on 12; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 13.
Black Langshan Cock, 1 entry ($3) — First, Weir Hart on 39.
Black Langshan Cockerel, 4 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, Weir Hart on 38;
second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 14; third, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 15.
Black Langshan Hen, 1 entry ($3) — First, Weir Hart on 27.
Black Langshan Pullet, 2 entries ($3) — First, Weir Hart on 31.
Black Langshan, Pen Chicks, 1 entry ($5) — First, Weir Hart.
White Lang-shan Cock, 1 entry ($2) — First, Mrs. J. E. Hull on 1.
White Langshan Cockerel, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. J. E. Hull on
2; second, W. C. Runft on 284.
White Langshan Hen, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. J. E. Hull on 3;
second, Mrs. J. E. Hull on 4.
White Langshan Pullet, 2 entries ($2) — First, Mrs. J. E. Hull on 5.
MEDITERRANEAN
Sweepstakes, American Class, Best Cockerel (Silver Loving' Cup) — Julius
Wegner on 1.
Best Pullet (Silver Loving- Cup) — John J. Moore on 5.
EGG LAYING BODY CAPACITY TEST
White Leghorns — First, Miss Celia Simmons on 10; second, Julius Weg-
ner on 50; third, Mrs. H. A. Taylor on 7.
Other Than White Leghorns — First, Leora Leonard on Black Minorca
97; second, Kelleys Poultry Farm on Black Minorca 23; third, Gerald R.
Duncan on Black Leghorn 47.
Single Comb Brown Leghorn Cock, 4 entries ($3. $2, $1, $1) — First, Leo
E. Fahritz on 18; second, F. W. Johnson on 94; third, Leo E. Fahritz on
17; fourth, F. W. Johnson on 91.
Single Comb Brown Leghorn Cockerel, 3 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, Leo
E. Fahritz on S; second, Leo E. Fahritz on 7; third, Leo E. Fahritz on 6.
Single Comb Brown Leghorn Hen, 4 entries ($3) — First, F. W. Johnson
on 58.
Single Comb Brown Leghorn. Pullet, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
Mrs. Geo. McCollum on 14; second, Mrs. Geo. McCollum on 15; third, Leo
E. Fahritz on 16; fourth, Leo E. Fahritz on 15.
Single Comb Brown Leghorn, Pen Fowls, 2 entries ($5) — First, Mrs.
Geo. McCollum.
Single Comb Brown Leghorn, Pen Chicks, 2 entries ($5, $3) — First, Mrs.
Geo. McCollum; second, Leo E. Fahritz.
Rose Comb Brown Leghorn Cock, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First,
C. D. Joslin on 50; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 3; third, C. D. Joslin on 7.
Rose Comb Brown Leghorn Cockerel, 2 entries ($2) — First, Gerald R.
Duncan on 4.
Rose Comb Brown Leghorn Hen, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) —
First, C. D. Joslin on 3; second, C. D. Joslin on 62; third, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 6; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 5.
Rose Comb Leghorn Pullet, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First. Gerald R. Duncan
on 7; second, C. D. Joslin on 36.
Single Comb White Leghorn Cock, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Julius
Wegner on 19; second, Julius Wegner on 22; third, Julius Wegner on
49; fourth, W. F. Wallace on 259.
Single Comb White Leghorn, Cockerel, 20 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
Julius Wegner on 1; second, Juiius Wegner on 4; third, John J. Moore on
22; fourth, Ina Morton on 15.
292 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Single Comb White Leghorn Hen, 11 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Julius
Wegner on 6; second, Julius Wegner on 50; third, W. F. Wallace on 65;
fourth., W. F. Wallace on 58.
Single Comb White Leghorn Pullet, 15 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
John J. Moore on 5; second, Julius Wegner on 5; third, Julius Wegner on
7; fourth, Mrs. H. A. Taylor on 11.
Single Comb White Leghorn Pen Chicks, 11 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First,
Julius Wegner; second, Harry Firkins; third, Mrs. H. A. Taylor.
Single Comb Buff Leghorn Cock, 2 entries ($3) — First, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 9.
Single Comb Buff Leghorn Cockerel, 5 entries ($3, $2) — First, Frank V.
Gippee on 1; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 10.
Single Comb Buff Leghorn Hen, 5 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, Frank V.
Gippee on 2; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 12; third, Gerald R. Duncan
on 13.
Single Comb Buff Leghorn Pullet, 5 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, Gerald
R. Duncan on 15; second, Frank V. Gippee on 3; third, Gerald R. Duncan
on 14.
Single Comb Buff Leghorn Pen Chicks, 2 entries ($5) — First, Gerald
R. Duncan.
Single Comb Black Leghorn Cock, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
— First, Gerald R. Duncan on 41; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 39; third,
Gerald R. Duncan on 37; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 76.
Single Comb Black Leghorn Cockerel, 7 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
— First, Gerald R. Duncan on 41; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 26; third,
Gerald R. Duncan on 40; fourth, H. C. Hunt on 12.
Single Comb Black Leghorn Hen, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
— First, Gerald R. Duncan on 47; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 48; third,
Gerald R. Duncan on 49; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 50.
Single Comb Black Leghorn Pullet, 7 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
— First, H. C. Hunt on 21; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 92; third, Gerald
R. Duncan on 41; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 33.
Single Comb Black Minorca Cock, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Kelleys Poul-
try Farm on 1; second, Mrs. A. E. Peters on 11.
Single Comb Black Minorca Cockerel, 6 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First,
Kelleys Poultry Farm on 11; second, Kelleys Poultry Farm on 12; third,
Kelleys Poultry Farm on 10.
Single Comb Black Minorca Hen, 8 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents. 50 cents) —
First, Mrs. A. E. Peters on 13; second, Mrs. A. E. Peters on 68; third, Leora
Leonard on 97; fourth, Leora Leonard on 9.
Single Comb Black Minorca Pullet, 3 entries ($2, $1) — First, Kelleys
Poultry Farm on 16; second, Kelleys Poultry Farm on 17.
Single Comb Black Minorca Pen Fowls, 2 entries ($5) — First, Kelleys
Poultry Farm.
Single Comb Black 3Iinorca Pen Chicks, 2 entries ($5, $3) — First, Kelleys
Poultry Farm; second, Leora Leonard.
Single Comb Buff Minorea Hen, 1 entry ($2) — First, Walter Russell on
37.
Single Comb Buff Minorca Pullet, 1 entry ($2) — First, Walter Russell
on 46.
Single Comb White Minorca Cock, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First,
Fred C. Hacke on 301; second, Fred C. Hacke on 303; third, Fred C. Hacke
on 302.
Single Comb White Minorca Cockerel, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First,
Fred C. Hacke on 305; second, Fred C. Hacke on 304; third, Fred C. Hacke
on 306.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 293
Single Comb White Minorca Hen, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Fred
C. Hacke on 309; second, Fred C. Hacke on 307; third, Fred C. Hacke on
308.
Single Comb White Minorca Pullet, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First,
Fred C. Hacke on 310; second, Fred C. Hacke on 311; third, Fred C.
Hacke on 3*12.
Blue Andalusian Cockerel, 1 entry ($1) — First, Gerald R. Duncan on 93.
Blue Andalusian Pullet, 2 entries ($1) — First, Gerald R. Duncan.
Mottled Ancona (Single or Rose Comb) Cock, 1 entry ($2) — First, F.
A. Davis on 15.
Mottled Ancona (Single or Rose Comb) Cockerel, 8 entries ($2, $1,. 75
cents, 50 cents) — First, F. A. Davis on 10; second, R. Budatz on 3; third,
E. A. Frauquemont on 61; fourth, D. D. Dailey on 35.
Mottled Ancona (Single or Rose Comb) Hen, 1 entry ($2) — First, Thomas
Barron on 44.
Mottled Ancona (Single or Rose Comb) Pullet, 12 entries ($2, $1, 75
cents, 50 cents) — First, F. A. Davis on 4; second, F. A. Davis on 21;
third, R. Budatz on 6; fourth, R. Budatz on 5.
Mottled Ancona (Single or Rose Comb) Pen Chicks, 3 entries ($5) —
First, R. Budatz.
Campines (Silver) Cockerel, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, C. A.
Goss on 23; second, C. & C. T. Van Lint on 78; third, Pauline Fitzsimmons
on 26.
Campines (Silver) Pullet, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, C. A. Goss
on 24; second, C. A. Goss on 25; third, C. & C. T. Van Lint on 64.
ENGLISH
Sweepstakes, Best Cockerel (Silver Loving Cup) — F. S. Jordan on Buff
Orpington 09450.
Best Pullet (Silver Loving- Cup) — Mrs. F. Happe on White Orpington 59.
EGG LAYING BODY CAPACITY TEST
Buffi Orpington, — First, Dr. H. E. Day & Son on 2360; second, Dr. H. E.
Day & Son on 8; third, F. S. Jordon on 3767.
English, Other Than Buff Orpingtons — First, O. M. Brown on 21; second,
G. M. Wormley on 55.
Speckled Sussex Hen, 1 entry ($2) — First, Ira Luse on 21.
Speckled Sussex Pullet, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, George Beard on 27;
second, Ira Luse on 5.
Single Comb Buff Orpington Cock, IS entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, F.
S. Jordon on 09210; second, Dr. H. E. Day & Son on 3550; third, O. M.
Brown on 12; fourth, Dr. H. E. Day & Son on 28.
Single Comb Buff Orpington Cockerel, 15 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
F. S. Jordon on 09450; second, F. S. Jordon on 09100; third, Wm. Herink on
58; fourth, F. S. Jordan on 09140.
Single Comb Buff Orpington Hen, 20 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, F.
S. Jordon on 3767; second, O. M. Brown on 3; third, Sebert Doerder on
31; fourth, F. S. Jordon on 27.
Single Comb Buff Orpington Pullet, 13 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, F.
S. Jordon on A. 5366; second, F. S. Jordon on A. 5364; third, F. S. Jordon
on A. 5387; fourth, Roup & Son on 3.
Single Comb Buff Orpington Pen Fowls, 9 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First,
Dr. H. E Day & Son; second, Dr. H. E. Day & Son; third, Roup & Son.
Single Comb Buff Orpington Pen Chicks, 5 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First,
F. S. Jordon; second, Dr. H. E. Day & Son; third, Mrs. M. R. Hess.
Single Comb Black Orpington Cock, 1 entry ($3) — First, O. M. Brown on
11.
294 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Single Comb Black Orpington Cockerel, 2 entries ($3, $2) — First, Ira
Pfantz on 32; second, Ira Pfantz on 28.
Single Comb Black Orpington Hen, 1 entry ($3) — First, O. M. Brown
on 21.
Single Comb Black Orpington Pullet, 1 entry ($3) — First, Ira Pfantz
on 30.
Single Comb Black Orpington Pen Chicks, 1 entry ($5) — First, Ira Pfantz.
Single Comb White Orpington Cock, 3 entries ($3, $2) — First, G. M.
Wormley on 30; second, G. M. Wormley on 26.
Single Comb White Orpingtoir Cockerel, 12 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1)
— First, Oscar Larson on 8; second, G. M. Wormley on 52; third, G. M.
Wormley on 66; fourth, Theo. W. Happe on 28.
Single Comb White Orpington Hen, 7 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs.
F. Happee on 99; second, G. M. Wormley on 81; third, G. M. Wormley on
55; fourth, F. M. Hayden on 2.
Single Comb White Orpington Pullet, 13 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First,
Mrs. F. Happe on 59; second, Mrs. F. Happe on 57; third, G. M. Wormley
on 56; fourth, G. M. Wormley on 70.
Single Comb White Orpington Pen Fowls, 2 entries ($5) — First, G. M.
Wormley.
Single Comb White Orpington Pen Chicks, 3 entries ($5, $3) — First, G.
M. Wormley; second, Ardis Farley.
Single Comb Blue Orpington Cock, 1 entry ($1) — First, Ira Pfantz on 50.
Single Comb Blue Orpington Cockerel, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First,
Ira Pfantz on 33; second, Ira Pfantz on 36.
Single Comb Blue Orpington Hen, 1 entry (50 cents) — First, Ira Pfantz
on 26.
Single Comb Blue Orpington Pullet, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Ira
Pfantz on 27; second, Ira Pfantz on 43.
Dark Cornish Cock, 3 entries ($2. $1, 75 cents) — First, Fred G. Reis.
second, Geo. Beard on 28; .hird, Kermit Donnelly on 13.
Dark Cornish Cockerel, 6 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Geo. Dickey
on 119; **cond, Thomas Smollie on 1; third, Thomas Smollie on 2.
Dark Cornish Hen, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Fred G. Reis on 3; second,
Geo. Beard on 29.
Dark Cornish Pullet, 8 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Geo. Dickey on
102; second. Geo. Dickey on 101; third, Geo. Dickey on 104.
Dark «;ornish Pen Fowls, 2 entries ($5) — First, Fred G. Reis.
Dark •Cornish Pen Chicks, 2 entries ($5, $3) — First, Fred G. Reis; second,
George Beard.
White Cornish Cock, 1 entry ($1) — First, Mrs. E. C. Graves on 1.
White Cornish Cockerel, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. E. C. Graves
on 3; second, Mrs. E. C. Graves on 2.
White <cornish Hen, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. E. C. Graves
on 4; second, Mrs. E. C. Graves on 5.
White uornish Pullet, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. E. C. Graves
on 6; second, Mrs. E. C. Graves on 7.
DUTCH
Silver Spangled Hamburg Cock, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs.
H. A. Tavior on 17; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 16.
Silver Spangled Hamburg Cockerel, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mr.
O. E. Brickner on 4; second, Mrs. H. A. Taylor on 18.
Silver Spangled Hamburg Hen, 6 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, C. & C. T.
Van Lint on 27; second, Mrs. H. A. Taylor on 20.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 295
Silver Spangled Hamburg Pullet, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, O. E.
Brickner on 5; second, O. E. Brickner on 6.
GAMES AND GAME BANTAMS
Black Breasted Red Game Bantam Cock, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First,
H. M. & R. M. Jones on 20; second, C. & C. T. Van Lint on 8.
Black Breasted Red Game Bantam Cockerel, 5 entries ($1, 50 cents) —
First, C. R. Prieast on 4; second, C. R. Prieast on 3.
Black Breasted Red Game Bantam Hen, 6 entries ($1, 50 cents) —
First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 59; second, C. R. Prieast on 37.
Black Breasted Red Game Bantam Pullet, 6 entries ($1, 50 cents) —
First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 24; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 23.
Silver Duckwing Game Bantam Hen, 1 entry (50 cents) — Second, C. &
C T. Van Lint on 75.
ORNAMENTAL BANTAMS
Golden Sebright Cock, 5 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, F. L. Reinhard
& Son on 82; second, F. L. Reinhard & Son on 92.
Golden Sebright Cockerel, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. M. & R. M.
Jones on 16; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 14.
Golden Sebright Hen, 6 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft on
1; second, F. L. Reinhard & Son on 79.
Golden Sebright Pullet, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. M. & R. M.
Jones on 37; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 25.
Black Rose Comb Cock, 1 entry ($1)— First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 50.
Black Rose Comb Cockerel, 1 entry ($1) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on
64.
Black Rose Comb Hen, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. M. & R. M.
Jones on 58; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 13.
Black Rose Comb Pullet, 1 entry ($1) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 65.
Light Brahma Cock, 1 entry ($1) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 18.
Light Brahma Cockerel, 1 entry ($1) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 57.
Light Brahma Hen, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones
on 19; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 20.
Light Brahma Pullet, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. M. & R. M.
Jones on 22; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 21.
Buff Cochin Cock, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, F. L. Reinhard & Son
on 59; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 23.
Buff Cochin Cockerel, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, F. L. Reinhard
& Son on 67; second, H. M. & R. M. Jones on 60.
Buff Cochin Hen, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. M. & R. M. Jones
on 24; second, F. L. Reinhard & Son.
White Cochin Cock, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft on 626;
second, W. C. Runft on 256.
White Cochin Cockerel, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft on
673; second, W. C. Runft on 685.
White Cochin Hen, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runtf on 606;
second, E. C. Runft on 645.
White Cochin Pullet, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft on
615; second, C. & C. T. Van Lint on 13.
Black Cochin Cock, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Gerald R. Duncan on
59; second, C. R. Prieast on 35.
Black Cochin Hen, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, C. R. Prieast on 30;
second, C. R. Prieast on 47.
Black Tailed Japanese Cock, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 601.
296 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Black Tailed Japanese Cockerel, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C.
Runft on 63; second, W. C. Runft on 4.
Black Tailed Japanese Hen, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 623.
Black Tailed Japanese Pullet, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C.
Runft on 31; second, W. C. Runft on 83.
Non-Bearded Polish Cockerel, 1 entry ($1) — First, C. & C. T. Van Lint
on 1.
Non-Bearded Polish Pullet, 1 entry ($1) — First, C. & C. T. Van Lint
on 19.
MISCELLANEOUS
White Silkie Cock, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft on 29;
second, W. C. Runft on 283.
White Silkie Cockerel, 6 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Jersey Ridge Poul-
try Farm on 97; second, Jersey Ridge Poultry Farm on 100.
White Silkie Hen, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Gerald R. Duncan on
34; second, W. C. Runft on 916.
White Silkie Pullet, 6 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Jersey Ridge Poul-
try Farm on 51; second, Jersey Ridge Poultry Farm on 41.
CAPONS
American Capons, 4 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, George Beard on 37;
second, George Beard on 38; third, W. C. Runft on 79.
English Capons, 3 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, George Beard on 41; second,
George Beard on 40; third, George Beard on 42.
TURKEYS
White Holland Cock, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Mrs.
Mary Wagner on 10; second, Mrs. Millard Thompson on 2; third, Mrs. Mary
Wagner on 11; fourth, W. C. Runft on 452.
White Holland Cockerel, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Millard Thompson
on 4; second, W. C. Runft on 115.
White Holland Hen, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Mrs. Millard
Thompson on 6; second, W. C. Runft on 219; third, Mrs. Mary Wagner on
12.
White Holland Pullet, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Millard Thompson on
S; second, W. C. Runft on 158.
DUCKS
White Pekin Old Drake, 12 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
Chester L. Mason on 156; second, Jersey Ridge Poultry Farm on 50; third,
Chester L. Mason on 168; fourth, Miss Flora B. Stephenson on 625.
White Pekin Young Drake, 14 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
Chester L. Mason on 173; second, Chester L. Mason on 161; third, H. E.
Johnson on 5; fourth, W. C. Runft on 122.
White Pekin Old Duck, 14 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
W. C. Runft on 591; second, Chester L. Mason on 157; third, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 43; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 45.
White Pekin Young Duck, 13 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
H. E. Johnson on 6; second, Chester L. Mason on 154; third, H. E. Johnson
on 4; fourth, Jersey Ridge Poultry Farm on 12.
White Aylesbury Old Drake, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 273.
White Aylesbury Young Drake, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C.
Runft on 288; second, W. C. Runft on 211.
White Aylesbury Old Duck, 2 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft
on 564; second, W. C. Runft on 219.
White Aylesbury Young Duck, 3 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft
on 254; second, W. C. Runft on 229.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 297
Colored Rouen Old Drake, 8 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First.
W. C. Runft on 565; second, W. C. Runft on 293; third, C. & C. T. Van Lint
on 50; fourth, H. E. Johnson on 7.
Colored Rouen Young Drake, 9 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
W. C. Runft on 224; second. Gerald R. Duncan on 113; third, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 114; fourth, Griffiths Bros, on 95.
Colored Rouen Old Duck, 7 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
W. C. Runft on 225; second, W. C. Runft on 232; third, Griffiths Bros, on
94; fourth, H. E. Johnson on 8.
Colored Rouen Young Duck, 11 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
W. C. Runft on 262; second, W. C. Runft on 218; third, Gerald R. Duncan
on 13; fourth, H. E. Johnson on 9.
Black Cayuga Old Drake, 2 entries ($1)— First, W. C. Runft on 239.
Black Cayuga Old Duek, 2 entries ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 17.
Gray Call Old Drake, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Gerald R. Duncan
on 471; second, W. C. Runft on 617.
Gray Call Young Drake ($1, 50 cents) — First, Gerald R. Duncan on 23;
second, Gerald R. Duncan on 24.
Gray Call Old Duck, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft on 695;
second, Gerald R. Duncan on 25.
Gray Call Young Duck, 2 entries ($1) — First, Gerald R: Duncan on 28.
White Call Old Drake, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 551.
White Call Young Drake, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 629.
White Call Old Duck, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 663.
White Call Young Duck, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 643.
Black East India Old Drake, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 622.
AVhite Crested Young Drake, 1 entry ($1) — First, W. C. Runft on 203.
White Crested Young Duck, 2 entries ($1) — First, Gerald R. Duncan on 30.
Colored Muscovy Old Drake, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 52; second, YvT. C. Runft on 495.
Colored Muscovy Young Drake, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 53; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 54.
Colored Muscovy Old Duck, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
W. C. Runft on 199; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 55; third, Griffith Bros,
on 88; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 56.
Colored Muscovy Young Duck, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 56; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 57.
White Muscovy Old Drake, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, W. C.
Runft on 462; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 59; third, W. C. Runft on 5.
White Muscovy Young Drake, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) —
First, W. C. Runft on 246; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 61; third, W. C.
Runft on 248; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan oh 60.
White Muscovy Old Duck, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
Gerald R. Duncan on 62; second, W. C. Runft on 44; third, W. C. Runft on
37; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 63.
White Muscovy Young Duck, 4 entries ($2, $1) — First, W. C. Runft on
226; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 65.
Buff Orpington Old Drake, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
August Klepke & Son on 24; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 67; third, W. C.
Runft on 286; fourth, W. C. Runft on 265.
Buff Orpington Young Drake, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) —
First, W. C. Runft on 267; second, W. C. Runft on 221; third, Gerald R.
Duncan on 68; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 69.
Buff Orpington Old Duck, 6 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First,
August Klepke & Son; second, W. C. Runft on 587; third, W. C. Runft on
217; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 71.
298 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Buff Orpington, Young Duck, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First.
W. C. Runft on 259; second, W. C. Runft on 228; third, Gerald R. Duncan
on 73; fourth, Gerald R. Duncan on 72.
Fawn and White Indian Runner Old Drake, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) —
First, F. L. Reinhard & Son on 433; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 74;
third, Gerald R. Duncan on 75.
Fawn and White Indian, Runner Young Drake, 1 entry ($2) — First, F.
L. Reinhard & Son on 446.
Fawn and White Indian. Runner Old Duck, 1 entry ($2) — First, F. L.
Reinhard & Son on 436.
Fawn and White Indian Runner Young Duck, 2 entries ($2*, $1) — First,
Gerald R. Duncan on 476; second, F. L. Reinhard & Son on 438.
White Indian Runner Old Drake, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, W. C. Runft on
300; second, F. W. Johnson on 95.
White Indian Runner Old Duck, 5 entries ($2, $1) — First, F. L. Reinhard
& Son on 407; second, W. C. Runft on 537.
White Indian Runner Young Duck, 3 entries ($2) — First, F. L. Reinhard
& Son on 439.
Blue Swedish Old Drake, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 77; second, W. C. Runft on 579.
Blue Swedish Young Drake, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Gerald R.
Duncan on 79; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 80.
Blue Swedish Old Duck, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, Gerald R. Dun-
can on 82; second, W. C. Runft on 251.
Blue Swedish Young Duck, 4 entries ($1, 50 cents) — First, W. C. Runft
on 462; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 84.
GEESE
Gray Toulotise Old Gander, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, John Bruce on
3; second, W. C. Runft on 478; third, John Bruce on 1.
Gray Toulouse Young Gander, 4 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Jersey
Ridge Poultry Farm on 86; second, John Bruce on 5; third, Griffiths Bros,
on 79; fourth, Griffiths Bros, on 87.
Gray Toulouse Old Goose, 8 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, John Bruce on
2; second, W. C. Runft on 459; third, W. C. Runft on 497; fourth, John
Bruce on 4.
Gray Toulouse Young Goose, 4 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Jersey
Ridge Poultry Farm on 39; second, John Bruce; third, Griffiths Bros, on
81; fourth, Griffiths Bros, on 80.
White Embden Old Gan.der, 8 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Chester L..
Mason on 28; second, W. C. Runft on 499; third, Mrs. Verle Dunlap on 100;
fourth, Mrs. Mary Wagner on 14.
White Embden Young Gander, 5 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, H. E.
Johnson on 3; second, Chester L. Mason on 129; third, Mrs. O. C. Bierma
on 84; fourth, W. C. Runft on 59.
White Embden Old Goose, 8 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, W. C. Runft
on 492; second, Mrs. Mary Wagner on 15; third, Mrs. O. C. Bierma on 78;
fourth, Mrs. Mary Wagner on 16.
White Embden Young Goose, 5 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, H. E. John-
son on 4; second, W. C. Runft on 1S8; third, Mrs. O. C. Bierma on 83;
fourth, W. C. Runft on 138.
Gray African Old Gander, 3 entries ($2)— First, C. W. Runft on 453.
Gray African Young Gander, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, W. C.
Runft on 317; second, W. C. Runft on 487; third, Edmund Hanson on 48.
Gray African Old Goose, 3 entries ($2, $1) — First, W. C. Runft on 473;'
second, W. C. Runft on 323.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 299
Gray African Young Goose, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, W. C. Runft
on 482; second, W. C. Runft on 489; third, Edmund Hanson on 6.
Brown Chinese Old Gander, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, W. C. Runft on
460; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 65.
Brown Chinese Young Gander, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, W. C.
Runft on 573; second, W. C. Runft on 335; third, Gerald R. Duncan on 86.
Brown Chinese Old Goose, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Gerald R. Duncan
on 87; second, W. C. Runft on 337.
Brown Chinese Young Goose, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, W. C.
Runft on 303; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 88; third, W. C. Runft on 555.
White Chinese Old Gander, 6 entries ($3, $2, $1) — First, M. B. Howe on
18; second, Gerald R. Duncan on 105; third, W. C. Runft on 466.
White Chinese Young Gander, 5 entries ($3) — First, Gerald R. Duncan
on 89.
White Chinese Old Goose, 7 entries ($3, $2, $1, $1) — First, W. C. Runft
on 479; second, W. C. Runft on 463; third, M. B. Howe on 11; fourth,
Gerald R. Duncan on 91.
White Chinese Young Goose, 5 entries ($3) — First, Gerald R. Duncan on
92.
SPECIALS
Special prizes offered by the American Water Fowl Breeders' Association
at the Iowa State Fair 1922.
Judge O. Grow, Cedar Falls, Iowa.
White Pekin Old Drake — Champion Ribbon, Chester L. Mason.
White Pekin Young Duck — Champion Ribbon, H. E. Johnson.
Colored Rouen Old Drake — Champion Ribbon, "W. C. Runft.
Colored Rouen Old Duck — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
Gray Call Old Drake — Champion Ribbon, Gerald R. Duncan.
Gray Call Old Duck — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
Colored Muscovy Old Drake — Champion Ribbon, Gerald R. Duncan.
Colored Muscovy Old Duck — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
White Muscovy Old Drake — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
White Muscovy Old Duck — Champion Ribbon, Gerald R. Duncan.
Buff Orpington Old Drake — Champion Ribbon, August Klepke & Son.
Buff Orpington Old Duck — Champion Ribbon, August Klepke & Son.
Fawn and White Indian Runner, Old Drake--Champion Ribbon, F. L.
Reinhard & Son.
Fawn and White Indian Runner, Young Duck — Champion Ribbon, Ger-
ald R. Duncan.
Blue Swedish Old Drake — Champion Ribbon, Gerald R. Duncan.
Blue Swedish Old Duck — Champion Ribbon, Gerald R. Duncan.
Gray Toulouse Old Gander — Champion Ribbon, John Bruce.
Gray Toulouse Old Goose — Champion Ribbon, John Bruce.
White Embden Old Gander — Champion Ribbon, Chester L. Mason.
White Embden Old Goose — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
Gray African Old Gander — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
Gray African Old Goose — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
Brown Chinese Old Gander — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
Brown Chinese Old Goose — Champion Ribbon, Gerald R. Duncan.
White Chinese Old Gander— Champion Ribbon, M. B. Howe.
White Chinese Old Goose — Champion Ribbon, W. C. Runft.
300 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
PIGEON DEPARTMENT
Judge E. C. Branch, Lees Summit, Mo.
Exhibitors — H. A. Anderson, 208 S. 2nd St., Keokuk; John J. Anthony &
Son, Sac City; John R. Brosowske, 9138 Portland St., Detroit, Mich.; Walter
Case, 804 Bluff St., Sioux City; Francis Clancey, 2708 Beaver Ave., Des
Moines; Lester Dorn, 418 Foster Ave., Rockford, 111.; C. H. Doty, Center
Point; A. J. Dunlavey, 928 S. D St., Oskaloosa; O. R. Franz, Sioux City;
Mrs. Mary E. Hurd, East Aurora, New York; Kangetter, Charleston, S.
Carolina; Ed. Rosendall, R. No. 4, Grand Rapids, Mich.; E. J. Riley, Car-
roll; W. C. Rowlands, Alta; Harry A. Stone, 25 W. Washington, Indian-
apolis, Ind.; Sunny Side Squab Farm, Scranton.
Registered Swiss Mondaine Old Cock, 24 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, Ribbon,
Ribbon) — First, Sunny Side Squab Farm on No. 8; second, Ed. Rosendall
on 9690-1921; third, Sunny Side Squab Farm on 22 Red; fourth, O. R.
Franz on Z 13664; fifth, William C. Rowlands on 24140.
Registered Swiss Mondaine Old Hen, 24 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, Ribbon,
Ribbon) — First, John Anthony & Son on Z 9402; second, W. C. Rowlands
on 19110; third, W. C. Rowlands on 9582; fourth, Sunny Side Squab Farm
on 17 white; fifth, Sunny Side Squab Farm on 14.
Registered Swiss Mondaine 1922 Cock, 23 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, Rib-
bon, Ribbon) — First, O. R. Franz on D 1054; second, O. R. Franz on D 1062;
third, John Anthony & Son on 12614; fourth, W. C. Rowlands on 15622;
fifth, Sunny Side Squab Farm on D 5555 N. P. A.
Registered Swiss Mondaine 1922 Hen, 19 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, Rib-
bon, Ribbon) — First, John Anthony & Son on 12612; second, W. C. Row-
lands on 1291; third, W. C. Rowlands on 15675; fourth, Sunny Side Squab
Farm on D 11865 N. P. A.; fifth, John Anthony & Son on 12619.
Registered Swiss Mondaine Old Pair, 27 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, Ribbon,
Ribbon) — First, W. C. Rowlands on 19110 and 24141; second, John Anthony
& Son on 20844 and 39402; third, Sunny Side Squab Farm; fourth, Sunny
Side Squab Farm; fifth, Sunny Side Squab Farm.
Registered Swiss 3Iondaine Young Pair, 27 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, Rib-
bon, Ribbon) — First, John Anthony & Son; second, John Anthony & Son;
third, Walter Case; fourth, Sunny Side Squab Farm; fifth, Sunny Side
Squab Farm.
Registered Swiss Mondaine Get of Pair, 5 entries ($3, $2, $1, Ribbon.
Ribbon) — First, Sunny Side Squab Farm; second, John Anthony & Son;
third, W. C. Rowland; fourth, Sunny Side Squab Farm; fifth, A. J. Dun-
levy.
Registered Swiss Mondaine Pen, 3 entries ($5, $3, $1) — First, Sunny Side
Squab Farm; second, John Anthony & Son; third, Sunny Side Squab Farm.
Carneaux Old Cock, 6 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, Ribbon, Ribbon) — First,
H. A. Anderson on 14182; second, Harry A. Stone on 22S8; third, H. A.
Anderson on 1751; fourth, Harry A. Stone on 6533; fifth, Sunny Side Squab
Farm on 33.
Carneaux Old Hen, 6 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, H. A. Anderson on
60; second, Sunny Side Squab Farm on 41; third, Harry A. Stone on 2251;
fourth, Harry A. Stone on 5052; fifth, H. A. Anderson on A. P. C. 14175.
Carneaux 1922 Cock, 3 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, H. A. Anderson
on N. P. A. 5371; second, Harry A. Stone on 505; third, Sunny Side Squab
Farm on 544.
Carneaux 1922 Hen, 4 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, H. A. Anderson
on N. P. A. 5352; second, Harry A. Stone on 531; third, Sunny Side Squab
Farm on 511.
Fantail Old Cock, 1 entry ($2) — First, Harry A. Stone on 18080.
Fantail Old Hen, 1 entry ($2) — First, Harry A. Stone on 4873.
Fantail 1922 Cock, 1 entry ($2) — First, Harry A. Stone on 60.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 301
Fantail 1922 Hen, 1 entry ($2) — First Harry A. Stone on 52.
Homer Old Cock, 2 entries ($2) — First, Sunny Side Squab Farm on 14.
Homer Old Hen, 2 entries ($2) — First, Sunny Side Squab Farms on 14.
Homer 1922 Cock, 1 entry ($2) — First, Harry A. Stone on 9594.
Homer 1922 Hen, 1 entry ($2) — First, Harry A. Stone on 546.
SPECIALS
Iowa State Fair Grand Sweepstakes Best Display, Any Variety (by
points) (Silver Loving Cup) — First, Sunny Side Squab Farm.
SWISS MONDAINE PIGEON RECORD ASSOCIATION
For Grand Champion Cock and Hen — First, Champion Cock, Sunny Side
Squab Farm on 8.
Champion Hen — John Anthony & Son on Z 9402.
Offered by Iowa Registered Swiss Mondaine Pigeon Booster Club.
Best Registered Swiss Mondaine (Silver Loving Cup) — First, Sunny Side
Squab Farm.
Best Mated Pair, Registered Swiss Mondaine (Silver Loving Cup) — First,
William C. Rowlands.
Best Get of Pair, Registered Swiss Mondaine (Silver Loving Cup) — First,
Sunny Side Squab Farm.
Highest Prize Won by Mondaine Exhibitor Winning for First Time (Silver
Loving Cup) — First, John Anthony & Son.
RABBIT DEPARTMENT
Judge Frank Harris, Des Moines, Iowa.
Exhibitors — J. M. Allen, 1557 27th, Des Moines; G. R. and Ida M. Dickman,
1509 Harrison, Des Moines; G. I. Jones, 1417 21st St., Des Moines; Russell
Lundgren, 413 S. E. 5th St., Des Moines; J. B. Manning, Waukee; M. C.
Runft, Reinbeck.
American Blues Senior Buck, 3 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, 75 cents) — First,
G. J. Jones on C-l; second, G. J. Jones on 15821; third, G. J. Jones on B-l.
American Blues Senior Doe, 3 entries ($2, $1, 50 cents, 75 cents) — First,
G. J. Jones; second, G. J. Jones; third, G. J. Jones.
Angoras Senior Buck, 2 entries ($2, $1, $1.50) — First, W. C. Runft on 1;
second, J. B. Manning.
Angoras Senior Doe, 3 entries ($2, $1.50) — First, J. B. Manning; second,
W. C. Runft.
Angoras Junior Buck, 2 entries ($2, $1.50) — First, W. C. Runft on 4;
second, W. C. Runft on 5.
Angoras Junior Doe, 2 entries ($2, $1.50) — First, W. C. Runft on 6; sec-
ond, W. C. Runft on 7.
Dark Steel Gray-Flemish Giant, Senior Buck, 1 entry ($2) — First, C. R.
Prieast on 7.
Dark Steel Gray-Flemish Giant, Senior Doe, 1 entry ($2) — First, J. M.
Allen on 7.
Dark Steel Gray-Flemish Giant, Junior Doe, 1 entry ($2) — First, J. M.
Allen.
Gray-Flemish Giant, Senior Buck, 2 entries ($2, $1.50) — First, J. M. Allen;
second, J. B. Manning.
Gray-Flemish Giant, Senior Doe, 3 entries ($2, $1.50, 75 cents) — First,
J. M. Allen; second, J. B. Manning; third, J. B. Manning.
White-Flemish Giant, Senior Doe, 2 entries ($2) — First, C. R. Prieast
on 11.
Himalayans Senior Buck, 2 entries ($2, $1.50) — First, Russell Lundgren
on 2-L; second, Russell Lundgren on 1-L.
302 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Iliiualayans Senior Doe, 1 entry ($2) — First, Russell Lundgren on 4-L.
Himalayans Junior Buck, 1 entry ($2) — First, Russell Lundgren on 3-C.
New Zealand Red Senior Buck, 3 entries ($2, $1.50, 75 cents) — First,
G. R. & Ida M, Dickman on 59103; second, G. J. Jones on 14588; third,
G. R. & Ida M. Dickman on Z 486.
New Zealand Red Senior Doe, 8 entries ($2, $1.50, 75 cents, 50 cents,
50 cents) — First, G. R. & Ida M. Dickman on Z 485; second, G. R. & Ida M.
Dickman on Z-487; third, J. M. Allen; fourth, G. R. & Ida M. Dickman on
24; fifth, G. R. & Ida M. Dickman on 25.
New Zealand Red Junior Buck, 4 entries ($2, $1.50, 75 cents, 50 cents) —
First, J. M. Allen; second, J. M. Allen; third, J. M. Allen; fourth, G. R. &
Ida M. Dickman on 22.
New Zealand Red Junior Doe, 18 entries ($2, $1.50, 75 cents, 50 cents,
50 cents) — First, G. R. & Ida M. Dickman on 12; second, G. R. & Ida M.
Dickman on 15; third, G. R. & Ida M. Dickman on 10; fourth, J. M. Allen;
fifth, J. M. Allen.
BOYS' AND GIRLS' POULTRY DEPARTMENT
Judge L. E. Heifner.
Exhibitors — Neal Arnold, Adel ; Marion Allen, 2311 S. Cypress St., Sioux
City; Eugene Allen, 2311 S. Cypress, Sioux City; Jack Allen, 457 West St.,
Sioux City; Dorothy Anderson, R. No. 2, Box 14, Sergeant Bluff; David
Beck, Corning; Lura G. Beath, Corning; Lawrence Beck, Corning; Ivan
Beck, Corning; Thomas Barrow, Carroll; Ross C. Bunch, Keokuk; C. Bender,
23C9 S. Clinton, Sioux City; Donald Burton, Des Moines; Dorothy Blinn,
Glidden; Dale W. Beck, Ottumwa; Alice M. Beck, Ottumwa; Ryland Crary,
Liberty Center; Fern Cooper, Corning; Berneice Cooper, Corning; Wells
Calbreath, 527 S. 15th St., Keokuk; Jas. Cameron, 911 Grand Ave., Keo-
kuk; Goldie Cohn, 1210 17th St., Sioux City; Bonnie Chaffer, Des Moines;
Ruby Carlisle, Ottumwa; Wilbur Dingwell, Adel; Kermit Donnelly, Ot-
tumwa; Minnil Dorr, Baxter; Alice Earl, Sioux City; Alice Everts, Glid-
den; Wellington Ewalt, Liscomb; B. Jennings Ebersole, 1549 Hull Ave.,
Des Moines; Elder Edmund, Ottumwa; Leonard Filorski, 2203 Villa Ave.,
Sioux City; John Fushs, Danbury; Pauline Fitzsimmons, Ottumwa; Ruth
Gibson, 2801 Hickman, Des Moines; Robert Gibson, 2S01 Hickman, Des
Moines; Harold Gallagher, 222 S. 2nd, Keokuk; Spencer Green, 2600 Re-
becca St., Sioux City; Lester Harden, Corning; Agnes Henderson, Noda-
way; Edna Hollis, Hudson; Inez Hutcherson, Hilton Road, Keokuk; Veta
Hutcherson, Hilton Road, Keokuk; Gladys Hill, 905 Blondean, Keokuk;
Geo. Henry, 210 Cook St., Sioux City; Willard Habnick, Leeds Sta., Sioux
City; Wayne Hoyt, 2600 S. Cypress, Sioux City; Hazel Hall, 345 Hull
Ave., Des Moines; Harold Hawk, Liscomb; Julian Hockenbury, Grinnell;
James Huffman, Ottumwa; Byron Hines, Ottumwa; W. L. & W. R. Keil, Ft.
Madison; Raymond Klocke, Templeton; Levern Koehler, Liscomb; Ralph
Kirkland, Ottumwa; Maxine Locker, 44th and Urbandale, Des Moines;
Arnold Loeschen, Glidden; Clifford Lathrop, 217 Kenyon Ave., Ottumwa;
Glen LeFever, Liscomb; Welard LeFever, Liscomb; Voss McKibben, Lis-
comb; Clarence Morrison. Indianola; Alice Morris, R. No. 3, Box 131, Sioux
City; Herman Muller, Coon Rapids; Millard Mabis, Ottumwa; Winifred
Martin, Monroe; Leona O'Leary, 215 Allen St., Sioux City; Inez Osborne,
1601 W. 29th, Sioux City; Deane G. Pendarvis, Keosauqua; Romayne Porter,
Ames; Dennie Rockefeller, 1618 Carroll, Keokuk; Clara Anna Reid, 3225
Morningside, Sioux City; Uryilla Reinhold, 2S01 Riverside Ave., Sioux
City; Helen Reid, 3225 Morningside, Sioux City; Cecil Rogers, 1515 Isabella
St., Sioux City; Charles Reimann, Jefferson; Loyd Snugg, Liberty Center;
Frank Smith, R. No. 3, Box 215, Sioux City; Lawrence Strohbeen. 2422 W.
7th St., Sioux City; Lilburn Staman, 3201 E. 2d St., Sioux City; Henry Scott,
2412 Patterson, Sioux City; Opal Small, 4725 Central Ave., Sioux City;
Inez Seeman, 2105 S. Lemon, Sioux City; Evelyn Schroeder, Arcadia; Charles
Striver, Ottumwa; Robert Scott, Ottumwa; Herman Swanson, Ottumwa;
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 303
Carl Schmitz, Ottumwa; Orville Tompson, Jefferson; Carlton Tucker, Lis-
comb; Edward Unruh, 918 Pacific, Sioux City; Edwin Vavra, R. No. 3,
Cedar Rapids; John Van Slyke, Liscomb; Lambert Winnike, Carroll; Leo
Winnike, Carroll; Robert Walley, 20th & Grand, Keokuk; Geo. Wheelock,
820 Missouri St., Sioux City; Wm. Walker, Manning; Geo. Wagner, Ottumwa.
Grand Sweepstakes, Best Cockerel (Ribbon) — First, Billy Williams on 59.
Best Pullet (Ribbon) — First, Robt. Walley, Jr. on 81.
SWEEPSTAKES, AMERICAN CLASS
Best Cockerel ($5) — First, Billy Williams on 59.
Best Pullet ($5) — First, Robt. Gibson on 66.
Barred Plymouth Rock (Light) Cockerel, 8 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents, 25 cents) — First, Charles Reimann on 97; second, Charles Reimann
on 98; third, Charles Reimann on 99; fourth, James Cameron on 77;
fifth, James Cameron on 76.
Barred Plymouth Rock (Light) Pullet, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) —
First, Charles Reimann on 94; second, Charles Reimann on 96; third, Charles
Reimann on 95.
Barred Plymouth Rock (Light) Pen, 5 entries ($4, $2, $1) — First, Charles
Reimann; second, Lambert Winnicke; third, Dennis Rockefeller.
Barred Plymouth Rock (Dark) Cockerel, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) —
First, Charles Reimann on 105; second, Lura G. Beath on 8; third, Faye
Blakey on 41.
Barred Plymouth Rock (Dark) Pullet, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First,
Lura G. Beath on 7; second, Charles Reimann on 102; third, Faye Blakey
on 78.
Barred Plymouth Rock (Dark) Pen, 4 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1) — First,
Charles Reimann; second, Leo Winnicke; third, Lura G. Beath; fourth,
Edwin Vavra.
Buff Plymouth Rock Cockerel, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents, 25
cents) — First, Kermit Donnelly on 36; second, Kermit Donnelly on 2;
third, Francis Krause on 20; fourth, Garnet Krause on 19; fifth, Jack
Allen on 50.
Buff Plymouth Rock Pullet, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents, 25 cents)
— First, Kermit Donnelly on 69; second, Kermit Donnelly on 55; third,
Jack Allen on 49; fourth, Francis Krause on 31; fifth, Garnet Krause on
23.
Buff Plymouth Rock Pen, 4 entries ($4, $2, $1) — First, Kermit Donnelly;
second, Jack Allen; third, Marvin Stark.
White Plymouth Rock Cockerel, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents) —
First, Opal Small on 32; second, Ivan Beck on 69; third, Carl Schmitz on
49; fourth, Willard Habnick on 1.
White Plymouth Rock Pullet, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Carl
Schmitz on 92; second, Ivan Beck on 78; third, Willard Habnick on 2.
White Plymouth Rock Pen, 7 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1) — First, Billy Wil-
liams; second, Opal Small; third, Arnold Loeschen; fourth, Carl Schmitz.
Buff Wyandotte Cockerel, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Clara Anna
Reid on 20; second, Geo. Wagner on 47; third, Geo. Wagner on 42.
Buff Wyandotte Pullet, 3 entries ($2, $1) — First, Geo. Wagner on 49;
second, Clara Anna Reid on 21.
Buff Wyandotte Pen, 3 entries ($4, $2, $1) — First, Geo. Wagner; second,
Clara Anna Reid; third, Geo. Wagner.
Golden Laced Wyandotte Cockerel, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
— First, Iney Seeman on 17; second, Verne Cooper on 13; third, Verne
Cooper on 11; fourth, W. L. & W. R. Kiel on 9.
Golden Laced Wyandotte Pullet, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents, 25
cents) — First, W. L. & W. R. Kiel on 6; second, Verne Cooper on 12; third.
304 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Verne Cooper on 14; fourth, Iney Seeraan on 59; fifth, W. L. & W. R.
Kiel on 7.
Partridge Wyandotte Cockerel, 1 entry ($2) — First, Iney Osborne on 51.
Partridge Wyandotte Pullet, 1 entry ($2) — First, Iney Osborne on 13.
Partridge Wyandotte Pen, 1 entry ($4) — First, Iney Osborne.
Silver Laced Wyandotte Cockerel, 1 entry ($2) — First, Lloyd Snugg on 5.
Silver Laced Wyandotte Pullet, 1 entry ($2) — First, Clarence Morrison
on 6.
Silver Laced Wyandotte Pen, 2 entries ($4, $2) — First, Ryland Crary; sec-
ond, Valda Goodale.
White Wyandotte Cockerel, 10 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents, 25
cents) — First, Dorothy Anderson on 10; second, Winifred Martin on 51;
third, Robert Gibson on 50; fourth, Robert Gibson on 65; fifth, Clara Anna
Reid on 12.
White Wyandotte Pullet, 12 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents, 25 cents)
— First, Robert Gibson on 56 and 66; second, Dorothy Anderson on 3; third
Winifred Martin on 52; fourth, B. Jennings Ebersole on 15; fifth, Julian
Hockenbury on 15.
White Wyandotte Pen, 10 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1) — First, Dorothy Ander-
son; second, B. Jennings Ebersole; third, Winifred Martin; fourth, Dale
Beck; fifth, Raymond Klocke.
Rose Comb Rhode Island Red Cockerel, 3 entries ($2) — First, Lawrence
Beck on 34.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red Cockerel, 12 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents, 25 cents) — First, Maxine Locker on 63; -second, Herman Swanson
on 26; third, Edward Unruh on 88; fourth, Clifford Lathrop on 99; fifth,
Herman Swanson on 34.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red Pullet, 11 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents, 25 cents) — First, Herman Swanson on 35; second, Edward Unruh
on 87; third, Herman Swanson on 27; fourth, Dean Pendarvis on 251;
fifth, Bonnie Chaffee on 20.
Single Comb Rhode Island Red Pen, 8 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First,
Herman Swanson; second, Maxine Locker; third, Bonnie Chaffee; fourth,
Clifford Lathrop; fifth, Edward Unruh.
ASIATIC CLASS
Sweepstakes, Rest Cockerel ($5) — First, Leslie Hardin on 51.
Best Pullet ($5) — First, Alice Everts on 139.
Light Brahma Cockerel, 2 entries ($2) — First, Berneice Cooper on 1.
Light Brahma Pullet, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents, 25 cents) —
First, Leslie Hardin on 92; second, Harold Gallagher on 61; third, Goldie
Cohn on 85; fourth, Goldie Cohn on 82; fifth, Berneice Cooper on 2.
Light Brahma Pen, 4 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1) — First, Leslie Hardin; sec-
ond, Berneice Cooper; third, Goldie Cohn; fourth, Harold Gallagher.
Black Langshan Cockerel, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Marion
Allen on 22; second, Agnes Hendrickson on 18; third, Charles Shriver on
73.
Black Langshan Pullet, 3 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) — First, Marion Allen
on 15; second, Agnes Hendrickson on 19; third, Charles Shriver on 10.
Black Langshan Pen, 6 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First, Alice Everts;
second, George Henry; third, Marion Allen; fourth, Agnes Hendrickson;
fifth, Charles Shriver.
MEDITERRANEAN CLASS
Sweepstakes, Best Cockerel ($5) — First, Mildred Stark on 45.
Best Pullet ($5) — First, Robt. Walley on 81.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 305
Dark Brown Leghorn (Either Comb) Cockerel, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First,
Alice Beck on 60; second, Alice Beck on 39.
Dark Brown Leghorn (Either Comb) Pullet, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First,
Pauline Fitzsimmons on 91; second, Alice Beck on 6.
Dark Brown Leghorn (Either Comb) Pen, 2 entries ($4, $2) — First, Alice
Beck; second, Pauline Fitzsimmons.
Light Brown Leghorn (Either Comb) Pen, 1 entry ($4) — First, Hazel
Hall.
Buff Leghorn (Either Comb) Cockerel, 3 entries ($2, $1) — First, Millard
Mabis on 25; second, Inez Hutcherson on 86.
Buff Leghorn (Either Comb) Pullet, 2 entries ($2, $1) — First, Inez Hutch-
erson on 85; second, Millard Mabis on 41.
White Leghorn (Either Comb) Cockerel, 7 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents, 25 cents) — First, Mildred Stark on 45; second, Robert Walley on 80;
third, Lawrence Strohbeen on 11; fourth, Spencer Green on 22; fifth, Eu-
gene Allen on 75.
White Leghorn (Either Comb) Pullet, 8 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents, 25 cents) — First, Robert Walley on 81; second, Pauline Fitzsimmons
on 48; third, Lawrence Strohbeen on 3; fourth, Mildred Stark on 63;
fifth, Eugene Allen on 58.
White Leghorn (Either Comb) Pen, 8 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First,
Robt. Walley; second, Mildred Stark; third, Eugene Allen; fourth, Spencer
Green; fifth, Lawrence Strohbeen.
Black Minorca (Either Comb) Cockerel, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents) — First, Helen Reid on 2; second, James Huffman on 40; third, James
Huffman on 11; fourth, George Wheelock on 41.
Black Minorca (Either Comb) Pullet, 4 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50 cents)
— First, Helen Reid on 3; second, James Huffman on 7; third, James Huff-
man on 46; fourth, George Wheelock on 50.
Black Minorca (Either Comb) Pen, 5 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First,
Dorothy Blinn; second, Helen Reid; third, James Huffman; fourth, James
Huffman; fifth, Geo. Wheelock.
Mottled Ancona (Either Comb) Cockerel, 3 entries ($2, $1) — First, Ralph
Kirkland on 85; second, Ruth Young on 31.
Mottled Ancona (Either Comb) Pullet, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents) — First, Pauline Fitsimones on 54; second, Neal Arnold on 1; third,
Ralph Kirkland on 71; fourth, Ruth Young on 34.
Mottled Ancona (Either Comb) Pen, 6 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First,
Neal Arnold; second, Thomas Barron; third, Pauline Fitsimones; fourth,
Ralph Kirkland; fifth, Ruth Young.
ENGLISH CLASS
Sweepstakes, Best Cockerel, English Class ($5) — John Fushs Jr.
Best Pullet ($5) — First, John Fushs Jr. on 19.
Buff Orpington (Single Comb) Cockerel, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents) —
First, Alice Morris on 1; second, Ruby Carlisle on 1; third, Elder Edmund
on 24.
Buff Orpington (Single Comb) Pullet, 10 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents, 25 cents) — First, Elder Edmund on 17; second, Ross C. Bunch on
70; third, Ruby Carlisle on 10; fourth, Alice Morris on 2; fifth, Elder Ed-
mund on 23.
Buff Orpington (Single Comb) Pen, 8 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First,
Herman Mueller; second, Wells Calbreath; third, Ross C. Bunch; fourth,
Alice Morris; fifth, Elder Edmund.
White Orpington (Single Comb) Cockerel, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents,
50 cents) — First, Floy Brewer on 91; second, Evelyn Schroeder on 6;
third, Alice Earl on 1; fourth, Ruby Carlisle on 31.
20
306 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
White Orpington (Single Comb) Pullet, 5 entries ($2, $1, 75 cents, 50
cents) — First, Evelyn Schroeder on 40; second, Alice Earl on 2; third,
Floy Brewer on 12; fourth, Ruby Carlisle on 36.
White Orpington (Single Comb) Pen, 8 entries ($4, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First
John Fushs Jr.; second, Wm. Walker; third, Orville Tompson; fourth, Floy
Brewer; fifth, Alice Earl.
Dark Cornish Pen, 1 entry ($4) — First, Frank Smith.
AGRICULTURAL, DEPARTMENT
Superintendent H. O. Weaver, Wapello, Iowa.
Judge P. C. Taff, Ames, Iowa.
FIELD CORN
NORTHERN DISTRICT
Ten Ears Yellow ($15, $10, $8, $6, $4, $2) — First, C. H. Arthur, Spirit
Lake; second, Wm. Green, Gruver; third, Ed. R. Mowdsley, Irving-ton;
fourth, Rome Robison, Irving-ton; fifth, Isaac Johnson, West Union; sixth,
Arthur L. Look, Luverne.
Ten Ears White ($15, $10, $8, $6, $4, $2) — First, A. B. Schenck, Algona;
second, Theo. Gonna, Waterville; third, Ed. R. Mowdsley, Irvington; fourth,
C. H. Arthur, Spirit Lake; fifth, R. B. Brown, Inwood; sixth, Isaac Johnson,
West Union.
Polk County Exhibit Which Won Sweepstakes at 1922 Iowa State Fair.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 307
Single Ear Yellow ($10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, Ed. R. Mowdsley, Irvington;
second, C. H. Arthur, Spirit Lake; third, Rome Robison, Irvington; fourth,
Arthur L. Look, Luverne; fifth, Rome Robison, Irvington.
Single Ear White ($10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, Ed. R. Mowdsley, Irvington;
second, A. B. Schenck, Algona; third, Theo. Gonna, Waterville; fourth,
Isaac Johnson, West Union; fifth, C. H. Arthur, Spirit Lake.
NORTH CENTRAL DISTRICT
Ten Ears Yellow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4, $3, $1) — First, E. B. Glenney,
Union; second, Victor E. Gustafson, Harcourt; third, W. J. Irving, Blairs-
burg; fourth, J. R. Silver, Webster City; fifth, Axel Anderson, Paton;
sixth, Fred G. Finn, Humboldt; seventh, Albert Anderson, Harcourt; eighth,
L. Emanuel Peterson, Harcourt.
Ten Ears White ($15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $4) — First, L. Emanuel Peterson,
Harcourt; second, W. J. Irving, Blairsburg; third, Victor E. Gustafson,
Harcourt; fourth, Fred G. Pinn, Humboldt; fifth, A. E. Johnson, Laurens;
sixth, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee.
Single Ear Yellow ($12, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, L. Emanuel Peterson,
Harcourt; second, E. B. Glenney, Union; third, Axel Anderson, Paton;
fourth, Jesse Bige, Cedar Falls; fifth, A. E. Johnson, Laurens; sixth. Emory
R. Gustafson, Lanyon.
Single Ear White ($12, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, Victor E. Gustafson,
Harcourt; second, S. Emanuel Peterson, Harcourt; third, W. J. Irving,
Blairsburg; fourth, A. E. Johnson, Laurens; fifth, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee;
sixth, Fred G. Pinn, Humboldt.
SOUTH CENTRAL DISTRICT
Ten Ears Yellow ($20, $18, $15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $3, $2, $2)— First, S. L.
Farlow, Ankeny; second, I. E. Proudfit, Altoona; third, Marion Coppock,
Ankeny; fourth, C. G. Seiberling, Mitchellville; fifth, E. C. Hiatt, Mitchell-
ville; sixth, Will Steenwyck, Mitchellville; seventh, J. L. Taylor, Mitchell-
ville; eighth, Leland Taylor, Mitchellville; ninth, E. L. Pearson, Mitchell-
ville; tenth, John Justice, Ankeny.
Ten Ears White ($18, $15, $10, $8, $6, $4, $2, $2, $2, $2) — First, Willard
Zeller, Jefferson; second, John Justice, Ankeny; third, W. F. Otcheck, Al-
toona; fourth, Earle Knapp, Guthrie Center; fifth, Wm. Danner, Dallas
Center; sixth, Paul Kern, Minburn; seventh, La Verne Spencer, Audubon;
eighth, Frank Justice, Berwick; ninth, Laren B. Bentall, Adel; tenth, W.
O. Knapp, Guthrie Center.
Single Ear Yellow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2, $2, $1, $1) — First, Noel
Tucker, Mitchellville; second, Matt Baker, Mitchellville; third, Leland Tay-
lor, Mitchellville; fourth, A. Rock Meints, Dixon; fifth, C. G. Seiberling,
Mitchellville; sixth, C. E. Hiatt, Mitchellville; seventh, S. L. Farlow, Ankeny;
eighth, J. L. Taylor, Mitchellville; ninth, H. A. Dippold, Altoona; tenth,
E. F. Golcke, State Center.
Single Ear White ($12, $10, $8, $6, $5, $3, $2, $1) — First, John Justice,
Ankeny; second, Earl Knapp, Guthrie Center; third, Matt Baker, Mitchell-
ville; fourth, La Verne Spencer, Audubon; fifth, Frank Justice, Berwick;
sixth, Millard Zeller, Jefferson; seventh, W. O. Knapp, Guthrie Center;
eighth, Paul Kern, Minburn.
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
Ten Ears Yellow ($20, $18, $15, $12, $10, $8, $6, $3, $2, $2)— First, N. H.
Krizer, Rose Hill; second, Ray Redfern, Yarmouth; third, Bruce Hanna,
Lacy; fourth, Mack Utterback, Sigourney; fifth, Krizer Bros., Eddyville;
sixth, J. A. Mason, Carlisle; seventh, Erma Hunt, Carlisle; eighth, S. Flem-
ming, Stuart; ninth, Miss Bertha Baily, Ottumwa; tenth, Ellsworth Bailey,
Ottumwa.
Ten Ears White ($18, $15, $10, $8, $6, $4, $2, $2, $1, $1) — First, Ellsworth
Baily, Ottumwa; second, Harry Hilton, Malvern; third, Mack Utterback,
308 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Sigourney; fourth, Frank Hilton, Malvern; fifth, W. W. Ettleman, Percival;
sixth, Mrs. E. S. Randall, Sigourney; seventh, Bertha Bailey, Ottumwa;
eighth, Walter Russell, Indianola; ninth, D. W. Bruns, Sigourney; tenth,
Thos. Thompson, Villisca.
Single Ear Yellow ($15, $12, $10, $8, $5, $3, $2, $2, $1, $1) — First, Ells-
worth Bailey, Ottumwa; second, Krizer Bros., Eddyville; third, Ray Red-
fern, Yarmouth; fourth, Mack Utterback, Sigourney; fifth, C. E. Malone,
Atlantic; sixth, Herbert Patterson, Carlisle; seventh, N. H. Krizer, Rose
Hill; eighth, Mrs. E. S. Randall, Sigourney; ninth, Bruce Hanna, Lacey;
tenth, Miss Bertha Bailey, Ottumwa.
Single Ear White ($12, $10, $8, $6, $3, $2, $2, $1) — First, Ellsworth Bailey,
Ottumwa; second, Miss Bertha Bailey, Ottumwa; third, D. W. Bruns,
Sigourney; fourth, L. L. Hunter, Drakesville; fifth, Mrs. E. S. Randall,
Sigourney; sixth, Mack Utterback, Sigourney; seventh, Thos. Thompson,
Villisca; eighth, W. W. Ettleman, Percival.
NORTHERN AND NORTH CENTRAL DISTRICTS
Ten Ears Other than White or Yellow ($5, $4, $3) — First, W. J. Irving,
Blairsburg; second, L. Emanuel Peterson, Harcourt; third, P. M. Peterson,
Cherokee.
Single Ear Other than White or Yellow ($4, $3, $2, $1) — First, L. Emanuel
Peterson, Harcourt; second, W. J. Irving, Blairsburg; third, C. H. Arthur,
Spirit Lake; fourth, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee.
SOUTH CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN DISTRICTS
Ten Ears Other than Yellow or White ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Wil-
lard Zeller, Jefferson; second, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; third, Carl L. Blair,
Mitchellville; fourth, Andrew Kirsch, Carroll; fifth, C. E. Malone, At-
lantic.
SWEEPSTAKES
Ten Ears Yellow ($15) — N. H. Krizer, Rose Hill.
Ten Ears Wkite ($15) — Ellsworth Bailey, Ottumwa.
Ten Ears Other than Yellow of White ($10) — Willard Zeller, Jefferson.
Single Ear Yellow ($10) — L. Emanuel Peterson, Harcourt.
Single Ear WThite ($10) — Ellsworth Bailey, Ottumwa.
Single Ear Other than Yellow or White ($5) — First, Andrew Kirsch, Car-
roll.
GRAND SWEEPSTAKES
Ten Ears, Any Variety (Ribbon) — Ellsworth Bailey, Ottumwa.
Single Ear, Any Variety (Ribbon) — Ellsworth Bailey, Ottumwa.
SWEET CORN AND POP CORN
Ten Ears Small Early Sweet Corn ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, J. L. Todd,
Des Moines; second, J. E. Cornwell, Ankeny; third, Matt Baker, Mitchell-
ville; fourth, Marion Cappock, Ankeny.
Ten Ears Late Sweet Corn ($8, $6, $4. $2) — First, G. B. Cappock, Ankeny;
second, J. L. Todd, Des Moines; third, J. H. Comer, Des Moines; fourth,
Marion Cappock, Ankeny.
Ten Ears Evergreen Roasting Ears for Table Use in Husks ($3, $2, $1)
— First, A. C. Adamson, Ankeny; second, John Justice, Ankeny; third,
Griffith Bros., Des Moines.
Ten Ears Country Gentleman Roasting Ears for Table Use in Husks ($3,
$2, $1) — First, Paul Peters, Ankeny; second, F. L. Overley, Indianola; third,
Walter Russell, Indianola.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 309
Ten Ears White Rice Pop Corn ($8, $6, $4, $2)— First, J. L. Todd, Des
Moines; second, J. H. Comer, Des Moines; third, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona;
fourth, Marion Cappock, Ankeny.
Ten Ears Any. Other Variety Pop Corn, ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, Wm. Swit-
zer, Boone; second, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; third, J. E. Cornwell, Ankeny;
fourth, E. W. Kibler, Agency.
GRAINS AND SEEDS
Winter Wheat ($6, $5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Paul Peters, Ankeny; second,
Raymond Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; fourth,
Ray Redfern, Yarmouth; #fifth, Frank Justice, Berwick; sixth, John Justice,
Ankeny.
Spring Wheat ($6, $5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, J. A. Mason, Carlisle; second,
John Frush, Pleasantville ; third, J. T. Wasson, Panora; fourth, E. M. Wil-
son, Panora; fifth, J. W. Freel, Pleasantville; sixth, John Justice, Ankeny.
Small Early Oats ($6, $5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Ray Redfern, Yarmouth;
third, Forrest H. Ford, Tipton; fourth, H. F. Osterland, Faulkner; fifth,
J. L. Taylor, Mitchellville ; sixth, Leland Taylor, Mitchellville.
Swedish Type Oats ($6, $5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Al-
toona; second, J. B. Beck, Ames; third, W. H. Irving, Blairsburg; fourth,
W. F. Lyon, Pleasantville; fifth, L. Emanuel Peterson, Harcourt; sixth,
J. T. Wasson, Panora.
Silver Mine Type Oats ($6, $5, $4, $3, $2, $1)— First, Ray Redfern, Yar-
mouth; second, Paul Peters, Ankeny; third, John Frush, Pleasantville;
fourth, Adam Stumm, Des Moines; fifth, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; sixth,
J. A. Mason, Carlisle.
Large Colored Oats ($4, $3, $2, $1) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; sec-
ond, Jesse Bige, Cedar Falls; third, H. F. Osterland, Faulkner; fourth,
W. J. Wasson, Panora.
Rye ($4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Ray Redfern, Yarmouth; second, E. M. Wil-
son, Panora; third, C. E. Malone, Atlantic; fourth, J. W. Freel, Pleasant-
ville.
Barley ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, J. A. Mason, Carlisle; second, C. H.
Arthur, Spirit Lake; third, E. M. Wilson, Panora; fourth, W. F. Otcheck,
Altoona; fifth, Forrest H. Ford, Tipton.
Speltz ($4, $3, $2) — First, C. E. Malone, Atlantic; second, J. T. Wasson,
Panora; third, J. E. Cornwell, Ankeny.
Buckwheat ($4) — First, J. A. Mason, Carlisle.
Timothy Seed ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Ray Redfern, Yarmouth; second.
W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; third, Carl Holden, Williamsburg; fourth, Forrest
H. Ford, Tipton; fifth, J. E. Cornwell, Ankeny.
Red Clover Seed ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Matt Baker, Mitchellville;
second,- Carl Holden, Williamsburg; third, Harry Groves, Williamsburg;
fourth, ; fifth, John Frush, Pleasantville.
Millet Seed (May he One Year Old) ($4, $3, $2)— First, W. F. Otcheck,
Altoona; second, J. T. Wasson, Panora; third, John Justice, Ankeny.
Flax Seed ($4, $3) — Second, Raymond Hethershaw, Des Moines.
GRASS AND FORAGE
Timothy Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hethershaw,
Des Moines; second, Norman Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, Ray Redfern,
Yarmouth; fourth, Carl Holden, Williamsburg; fifth, J. T. Wasson, Panora.
Red Top Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hethershaw,
Des Moines; second, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; third, Adam Stamm, Des
Moines; fourth, W. F. Lyon, Pleasantville; fifth, J. T. Wasson, Panora.
Medium Red Clover Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, W. F. Otcheck,
Altoona; second, Raymond Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, Ray Redfern,
Yarmouth; fourth, Norman Hethershaw, Des Moines; fifth, J. T. Wasson,
Panora.
310 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Mammoth Red Clover Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond
Hethershaw, Des Moines; second, ; third, C. E. Malone,
Atlantic; fourth, Wm. Green, Gruver; fifth, T. A. Chantland, Badger.
Alsike Clover Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hether-
shaw, Des Moines; second, Carl Holden, Williamsburg; third, W. F. Lyon,
Pleasantville; fourth, J. L. Hamilton, Lucas; fifth, W. F. Otcheck, Al-
toona.
Alfalfa Clover Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hether-
shaw, Des Moines; second, Norman Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, W. F.
Otcheck, Altoona; fourth, Adam Stamm, Des Moines; fifth, J. T. Wasson,
Panora.
Millet Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Norman Hethershaw, Des
Moines; second, Raymond Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, H. R. Malone,
Atlantic; fourth, E. M. Wilson, Panora; fifth, J. T. Wasson, Panora.
Blue Grass Sheaf, Hay ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Norman Hethershaw,
Des Moines; second, Raymond Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, Adam
Stamm, Des Moines; fourth, John Frush, Pleasantville; fifth, J. T. Wasson,
Panora.
Sudan Grass Sheaf, Hay ($4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hethershaw;
second, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; third, E. M. Wilson, Panora; fourth, J. E.
Cornwell, Ankeny.
SHEAF GRAIN
Wheat in Straw, Spring ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Carl Holden, Williams-
burg; second, Erma Hunt, Carlisle; third, Raymond Hethershaw, Des
Moines; fourth, Frank Kouba, Blairstown; fifth, Norman Hethershaw, Des
Moines.
Wheat in Straw, Winter ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Flo Clark, Carlisle;
second, Harry Hilton, Malvern; third, Norman Hethershow, Des Moines;
fourth, Walter Russell, Indianola; fifth, Harry Groves, Williamsburg.
Barley in Straw ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, L. Emanuel Peterson, Har-
court; second, J. A. Mason, Carlisle; third, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; fourth,
Carl Holden, Williamsburg; fifth, 'Frank Kouba, Blairstown.
Oats in. Straw, Early ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Ray Redfern, Yarmouth;
second, Adam Stamm, Des Moines; third, W. F. Lyon, Pleasantville; fourth,
J. A. Mason, Carlisle; fifth, Frank Kouba, Blairstown.
Oats in Straw, Late ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hethershaw, Des
Moines; second, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; third, Frank Kouba, Blairstown;
fourth, John Frush, Pleasantville; fifth, Wm. Jenkins, Knoxville.
Rye in Straw ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Adam Stamm, Des Moines; second,
Ray Redfern, Yarmouth; third, C. E. Malone, Atlantic; fourth, Edwin
Justice, Ankeny; fifth, J. A. Mason, Carlisle.
Flax for Seed, May he One Year Old ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Ray Red-
fern, Yarmouth; second, J. L. Uban, Sibley; third, Raymond Hethershaw,
Des Moines; fourth, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; fifth, C. E. Malone, Atlantic.
Ripe aiillet for Seed ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, J. A. Mason, Carlisle;
second, Raymond Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona;
fourth, Norman Hethershaw, Des Moines; fifth, C. E. Malone, Atlantic.
Speltz ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; second, J. T.
Wasson, Panora; third, Malone Bros., Atlantic; fourth, J. E. Cornwell,
Ankeny; fifth, C. E. Malone, Atlantic.
Timothy Sheaf, Seed ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hethershaw,
Des Moines; second, Norman Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, Adam Stamm,
Des Moines; fourth, J. L. Hamilton, Lucas; fifth, J. T. Wasson, Panora.
Blue Grass Sheaf, Seed ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Raymond Hethershaw,
Des Moines; second, Norman Hethershaw, Des Moines; third, W. F. Otcheck,
Altoona; fourth, C. E. Malone, Atlantic; fifth, Ray Redfern, Yarmouth.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 311
Sudan Grass Sheaf, Seed ($4, $3, $2, $1) — First, H. P. Cornwell, Ankeny;
second, J. E. Cornwell, Ankeny; third, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; fourth,
W. F. Lyon, Pleasantville.
POTATOES
(Early Varieties)
Early Ohio ($10, $6, $4, $3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw & Son,
Des Moines; second, H. B. Blake, Carlisle; third, W. E. Utterback, Sigour-
ney; fourth, J. R. Griffieon, Mitchellville; fifth, C. E. Malone, Atlantic; sixth,
Carl Holden, Williamsburg'; seventh, John Frush, Pleasantville.
Bliss Triumph ($10, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; sec-
ond, Jas. Heathershaw & Son, Des Moines; third, W. E. Utterback,
Sigourney; fourth, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; fifth, Chas. M. Pink, Des
Moines.
Beauty of Hebron ($10, $6, $4, $3) — First, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des
Moines; second, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; third, John Frush, Pleasant-
ville; fourth, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney.
Sweepstakes Early Varieties ($5) — W. F. Otcheck, Altoona.
(Midseason)
Irish Cobbler ($10, $6, $4, $3, $2, $1, $1) — First, W. E. Utterback, Sig-
ourney; second, Mack Utterback, Sigourney; third, Effie M. Backe, Hub-
bard; fourth, J. T. Wasson, Panora; fifth, Carl Holden, Williamsburg;
sixth, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; seventh, Chas. M. Pink. Des Moines.
Maggie Murphy ($10, $6, $4, $3, $2) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona;
second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, W. E. Utterbaack, Sigourney;
fourth, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; fifth, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des
Moines.
Blue Victor ($10, $6, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; sec-
ond,- J. T. Wasson, Panora; third, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; fourth, Chas.
M. Pink, Des Moines; fifth, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney; sixth, John Frush,
Pleasantville.
Sweepstakes Midseason Varieties ($5) — W. E. Utterback, Sigourney.
(Late)
Bonanza ($10, $6, $4, $3) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; second, Chas.
M. Pink, Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; fourth,
W. E. Utterback, Sigourney.
Rural New Yorker ($10, $6, $4, $3, $2, $1, $1) — First, A. E. Johnson,
Laurens; second, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; third, J. R. Griffieon, Mitchellville;
sixth, Wm. Wolf, Grimes; seventh, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines, Iowa.
Seneca Beauty ($10, $6, $4, $3, $2, $1, $1) — First, J. T. Wasson, Panora;
second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, J. W. Freel, Pleasantville; fourth.
W. E. Utterback, Sigourney; fifth, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; sixth, W. F.
Otcheck, Altoona; seventh, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines.
Sweepstakes, Late Varieties ($5) — A. E. Johnson, Laurens.
MISCELLANEOUS
Collection to Consist of at Least Ten Varieties ($40, $25, $20, $15, $12,
$7) — First, W. F. Otcheck, Altoona; second, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney;
third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; fourth, Chas. M. Pink, Des
Moines; fifth, Emil Smykil, Solon; sixth, Effie M. Backe, Hubbard.
Any Meritorious Variety Not Listed Above, Limited to Ten Varieties
— (Early Rose) ($3, $2) — First, Jas. Heathershaw, Des Moines; second,
J. W. Freel, Pleasantville.
Late Rose ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; second, Chas.
M. Pink, Des Moines; third, John Frush, Pleasantville.
Burbank ($3, $2, $1) — First, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney; second, Sestier
Bros., Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines.
312 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Blue Mechanics ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; second,
Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney.
King Potatoes ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; second,
Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Sestier Bros., Des Moines.
Peach Blow ($3, $2, $1) — First, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney; second,
Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines.
Pinkeye ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; second, Jas.
Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Sestier Bros., Des Moines.
Hinkley ($3, $2) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; second, W. E. Utter-
beck, Sigourney.
Russets ($3, $2) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; second, John Frush,
Pleasantville.
Miscellaneous Jersey Red Spud ($3) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines.
Sweepstakes in Miscellaneous Varieties ($5) — Chas; M. Pink, Des Moines.
GRAND SWEEPSTAKES
Competition Limited to Sweepstakes "Winners in Four Divisions ($10) —
First, A. E. Johnson, Laurens.
SWEET POTATOES
Red Jersey Sweet Potatoes ($5, $3, $2) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines;
second, J. M. Henderson, Des Moines; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines.
Yellow Jersey Sweet Potatoes ($5, $3, $2) — First, Sestier Bros., Des
Moines; second, J. M. Henderson, Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw &
Sons, Des Moines.
White Sweet Potatoes ($5, $3, $2) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines;
second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des
Moines.
Any Meritorious Variety Not Listed Above, Limited to Three Varieties
— (Nancy Hall) ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; second,
Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, J. M. Henderson, Des Moines.
Porto Rico ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; second, Jas.
Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Sestier Bros., Des Moines.
Miscellaneous Sweet Potatoes ($3, $2, $1) — First, J. R. Griffleon, Mitch-
ellville; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Chas. M.
Pink, Des Moines.
SPECIAL PRIZES
For the Best Lot Grown from Red River Valley Certified Seed, Tag At-
tached to Exhibit ($15, $10, $5) — First, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney; sec-
ond, F. L. Overley, Indianola; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines.
FIELD OR STOCK VEGETABLES
Beets, White, Half Sugar, Three Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heath-
ershaw & Son, Des Moines; second, Gale Reed, Ames; third, Cyrus E.
Harvey, Altoona.
Beets, Mangel-Wursels, Three Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, D. W.
Bruns, Sigourney; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Gale Reed,
Ames.
Beets, Golden Tankard, Three Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines; second, Wm. Griffieon, Mitchellville; third, Elmer Reed, Ames.
White Carrots for Stock, Six Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, C. W. Phelps,
Des Moines; second, Gale Reed, Ames; third, Sestier Bros., Des Moines.
Pumpkins, Ripe Field, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, J. E. Proudfit,
Altoona; second, W. Gale McMillen, Waukee; third, V. L. Riggan, Altoona.
Rutabagas, for Stock, Any Variety, Six Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First,
Sestier Bros., Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Gale
Reed, Ames.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 313
Squash, for Stock, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, C. W. Packer, Al-
toona; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons,
Des Moines.
Turnips for Stock, Six Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Elmer Reed, Ames;
second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des
Moines.
BEST SPECIMEN OF FIELD OR STOCK VEGETABLES, NOT DEFORMED
Largest Pumpkin ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; second,
I. E. Proudfit, Altoona; third, V. L. Riggan, Altoona.
Largest Squash ($3, $2, $1) — First, C. W. Packer, Altoona; second, Ses-
tier Bros., Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines.
Largest White Carrot ($3, $2, $1) — First, Elmer Reed, Ames; second, C.
W. Phelps, Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines.
Largest Beet, Mangel-AVurzel ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw &
Sons, Des Moines; second, Elmer Reed, Ames; third, Gale Reed, Ames.
Largest Turnip ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines;
second, S. A. Shetterly, Hartford; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines.
Largest Rutabaga ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; second,
Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines.
VEGETABLE ROOT CROP
Red Globe Onions, One Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, Harry Wyatt, Des
Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Son, Des Moines; third, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines.
White Globe Onions, One Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des
Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, J. H. Comer.
Des Moines.
Yellow Globe Onions, One Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw &
Sons, Des Moines; second, Harry Wyatt, Des Moines; third, John Frush,
Pleasantville.
Twelve Largest Onions, Any Variety ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw
& Sons, Des Moines; second, Erma Hunt, Carlisle; third, W. E. Utterback,
Sigourney.
Best One Dozen Onions Not Named Above ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heath-
ershaw & Sons, Des Moines; second, John Frush, Pleasantville; third, Chas.
M. Pink, Des Moines.
Turnips, One-half Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, C. W. Phelps, Des Moines;
second, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; third, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona.
Rutabagas, Turnips, One-half Dozen, Yellow Flesh ($3, $2, $1) — First,
Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Elmer
Reed, Ames.
Parsnips, One-half Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines;
second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona.
Carrots for Table Use, One-half Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, C. W. Phelps,
Des Moines; second, J. H. Comer, Des Moines; third, Adam Stamm, Des
Moines.
Commercial Sugar Beets ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons,
Des Moines; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines.
Beets for Table Use, One-fourth Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, Harry Wyatt,
Des Moines; second, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; third, Wm. Griffieon, Mitch-
ellville.
Vegetable Oysters, One-half Dozen ($3, $2, $1) — First, J. R. Griffieon,
Mitchellville; secod, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; third, C. W. Phelps, Des
Moines.
TABLE VEGETABLES
Shelled Ground Cherries, One Quart ($3, $2, $1) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey;
second, J. R. Griffieon, Mitchellville.
314 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Beans, Pole Lima, Shelled, One Quart ($3, $2, $1) — First, Cyrus E. Har-
vey, Altoona; second, J. R. Griffieon, Mitchellville; third, J. M. Henderson,
Des Moines.
Beans, Henderson's Bush Lima, Shelled, One Quart ($3, $2, $1) — First,
H. H. Comer, Des Moines; second, J. R. Griffieon, Mitchellville; third, J.
M. Henderson, Des Moines.
Beans, White Navy, Shelled, One Quart ($3, $2, $1) — First, A. C. Adam-
son, Des Moines; second, Elizabeth Harbacheek, Moorland, Iowa; third, J. R.
Griffieon, Mitchellville.
Cabbage, Early Jersey Wakefield, Three Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas.
Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third,
Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines.
Cabbage, Late Flat, Three Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des
Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Wm. "Wolf, Grimes.
Cabbage, Red, Three Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines;
second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des
Moines.
Cabbage, Savoy, Three Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des
Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Chas. M.
Pink, Des Moines.
Cabbage, Three Heaviest Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, C. W. Phelps, Des
Moines; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons,
Des Moines.
Cabbage, Round, Any Variety, Three Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier
Bros., Des Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Son, Des Moines; third,
P. P. Harvey, Ft. Des Moines.
Cauliflower, Three Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons,
Des Moines; second, C. W. Phelps, Des Moines; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des
Moines.
Cucumbers, Ripe, Three Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Wm. "Wolf, Grimes;
second, Mrs. G. P. Klein, Altoona; third, F. E. Law, Ankeny.
Cucumbers, For Slicing, Six Specimens ($3, §2, $1) — First, C. W. Phelps,
Des Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Chas.
M. Pink, Des Moines.
Celery, Red, Roots Attached, Six Stalks ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros..
Des Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, John
Frush, Pleasantville.
Celery, White, Roots Attached, Six Stalks ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Effie
M. Backe, Hubbard.
Egg Plants, Three Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, J. H. Comer, Des Moines;
second, C. W. Phelps, Des Moines; third, Mrs. T. J. Flora, Des Moines.
Kohl Rabi, Three Heads ($3, $2, $1) — First, Wm. Jenkins, Knoxville;
second, A. R. Soder, Hartford; third, F. L. Overley, Indianola.
Muskmelons, Green Fleshed, Three Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Cyrus
E. Harvey, Altoona; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Chas. M.
Pink, Des Moines.
Muskmelons, Salmon Fleshed, Three Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Harry
Wyatt, Des Moines; second, J. R. Griffieon, Mitchellville; third, H. B. Blake,
Carlisle.
Peppers, Green Mango, Twelve Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines; second, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; third, Harry Wyatt, Des
Moines.
Peppers, Red Mango, Twelve Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heather-
shaw & Sons, Des Moines; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Mrs.
T. J. Flora, Des Moines.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 315
Peppers, Red, Twelve Specimens ($3, $2. $1) — First, Sestier Bros., Des
Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons,
Des Moines.
Peppers, Red Cayenne, Twelve Specimens ($3. $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heather-
shaw & Sons, Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, C. W.
Phelps, Des Moines.
Pumpkins, Ripe Sweet, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines; second, J. T. White, Des Moines; third, W. F. Otcheck, Al-
toona.
Rhubarb, for Table Use, Six Stalks ($3, $2, $1) — First, Wm. Wolf, Grimes;
second, A. C. Adamson, Ankeny; third, C. W. Phelps, Des Moines.
Squash, Ranana, Two Specimens ($3. $2, $1) — First, John Frush, Pleas-
antville; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Sestier
Bros., Des Moines.
Squash, Roston Marrow, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Chas.
M. Pink, Des Moines.
Squash, Crook Neck, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, C. W.
Phelps, Des Moines.
Squash, Delicious, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey,
Altoona; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, J. W. Freel,
Pleasantville.
Squash, Essex Hybrid, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heather-
shaw & Sons, Des Moines; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Chas.
M. Pink, Des Moines.
Squash, Hubbard, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First. Griffith Bros., Des
Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons,
Des Moines.
Squash, Marblehead, Two Specimens ($3. $2, $1) — First, Jas. Heathershaw
& Sons, Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, C. M. Pink
Des Moines.
Table Queen or Danish, Two Specimens ($3. $2. $1) — First, Sestier Bros..
Des Moines; secod, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Jas. Heathershaw &
Sons. Des Moines.
Squash, Sibley, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, John Frush, Pleasant-
ville; second, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; third, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona.
Tomatoes, Red. Twelve Specimens ($3. $2, $1) — First, Sestier Bros.. Des
Moines; second, Harry Wyatt, Des Moines; third, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona.
Tomatoes, Purple, Twelve Specimens ($3. $2, $1) — First, Harry Wyatt,
Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des
Moines.
Tomatoes, Yellow, Twelve Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, C. W. Phelps,
Des Moines; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, J. L.
Hamilton, Lucas.
Tomatoes, Largest Any Variety, Twelve Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First,
Harry Wyatt, Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, C. W.
Phelps, Des Moines.
Watermelons, Two Specimens ($3, $2, $1) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey, Al-
toona; second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Sestier Bros.,
Des Moines.
DISPLAYS
Display of Onions to Consist of Not Less Than Five Varieties of Five
Specimens Each ($10, $6, $4, $2) — First, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des
Moines; second, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; third, John Frush, Pleasantville;
fourth. Sestier Bros., Des Moines.
316 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Display of Tomatoes to Consist of Five Varieties of Five Specimens
Each ($10, $6, $4, $2) — First, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines; second, Jas.
Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; fourth,
C. W. Phelps, Des Moines.
Display of Peppers to Consist of Not Less Than Five Varieties of Five
Specimens Each ($10, $6, $4, $2) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines; second,
Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des Moines;
fourth, C. W. Phelps, Des Moines.
VEGETABLE SWEEPSTAKES
Sweepstakes ($30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Sestier Bros., Des Moines;
second, Jas. Heathershaw & Sons, Des Moines; third, Chas. M. Pink, Des
Moines; fourth, Cyrus E. Harvey,. Altoona; fifth, C. W. Phelps, Des Moines.
INDIVIDUAL FARM EXHIBIT
SECTION NO. 2
Individual Farm Exhibit From North Central District, Pro Rata on
Points Above Minimum ($131.13, $118.87) — First, Mrs. E. J. J. Heise, Ar-
lington; second, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee.
SECTION NO. 3
Individual Farm Exhibit From South Central District, Pro Rata on
Points Above Minimum ($138.08, $132.99, $117.02, $111.91)— First, E. M. Wil-
son, Panora; second, J. T. Wasson, Panora; third, Frank Trucks, Coon
Rapids; fourth, John S. Clarke, Boone.
SECTION NO. 4
Individual Farm Exhibit From Southern District, Pro Rata on Points
Above Mininmiim ($133.61, $128.77, $127.05, $126.60, $121.62, $118.75, $118.60)
— First, J. A. Mason, Carlisle; second, Richards Bros., Swan; third, J. W.
Freel, Pleasantville; fourth, B. Freel & Son, Pleasantville; fifth. C. E. Ma-
lone, Atlantic; sixth, W. F. Lyon, Pleasantville; seventh, Grover Malone,
Atlantic.
SECTION NO. 5
Individual Farm Exhibit From Polk County, Pro Rata on Points Above
Minimum ($125.00) — First, John Justice, Ankeny.
Sweepstakes for the Highest Scoring Individual Farm Exhibits ($50, $30,
$20, $10) — First, E. M. Wilson, Panora; second, J. A. Mason, Carlisle; third,
J. T. Wasson, Panora; fourth, John Justice, Ankeny.
COUNTY EXHIBITS
County Exhibit From Northern District, Pro Rata on Points Above Min-
imum ($250.00) — First, Osceola County.
County Exhibit From North Central District, Pro Rata on Points Above
Minimum ($280.74, $219.26) — First, Webster county; second, Hardin county.
County Exhibit From South Central District, Pro Rata on Points Above
Minimum ($2S9.25, $279.54; $263.13, $248.87, $230.79, $221.95, $216.47) —
First, Polk county; second, Guthrie county; third, Carroll county; fourth,
Greene county; fifth, Poweshiek county; sixth, Boone county; seventh,
Audubon county.
County Exhibit From Southern District, Pro Rata on Points Above Min-
imum ($279.53, $255.08, $248,97; $246.98, $239.01, $230.43)— First. West
Pottawattamie county; second, Clarke county; third, Cass county; fourth.
Warren county; fifth, Marion county; sixth, Adair county.
Sweepstakes for the Highest Scoring County Exhibit ($50, $30, $20, $10)
— First, Polk county; second, Guthrie county; third, W. Pottawattamie
county; fourth, Carroll county.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 317
In order to encourage care in arrangement and decorating exhibits five
special premiums are offered for the most attractive, best decorated and
best arranged exhibit ($30, $25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Polk county; second,
Guthrie county; third, Carroll county; fourth, Cass county; fifth, Clarke
county.
CULINARY DEPARTMENT
Superintendent H. O. Weaver, Wapello, Iowa,
Judge Mrs. J. Barlow.
BREAD, ETC.
Loaf Yeast Bread ($10, $7, $5, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. C. N. Hill, Indianola;
second, Mrs. O. S. Hall, Des Moines; third, Mrs. J. F. Randolph, Ankeny;
fourth, Mrs. C. F. Spring, Des Moines; fifth, Mrs. Chas. Arnold, Des Moines.
Loaf Salt Rising Bread ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. J. A. Peters,
Ankeny; second, Mrs. C. M. Cross, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Cyrus E. Harvey,
Altoona; fourth, Mrs. Chas. Arnold, Des Moines; fifth, Mrs. A. A. Johnson,
Gladbrook.
Loaf Graham Bread ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. C. M. Chapman, Des Moines; third, Mrs. J. A. Peters,
Ankeny; fourth, Mrs. J. B. Beck, Ames; fifth, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des
Moines.
Loaf Nut Bread ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook:
second, Mrs. J. A. Peters, Ankeny; third, Mrs. J. L. Hoah, Des Moines;
fourth, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines; fifth, Odessa Porter Llewellyn,
Waukee.
Loaf Entire Wheat Bread ($5, $4. $3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair,
Des Moines; second, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Oliver Moe,
Algona; fourth, Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook; fifth, Mrs. J. A. Peters,
Ankeny.
Pan of Rolls ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Chas. Arnold, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. C. F. Spring, Des Moines; third, Mrs. W. C. Ravey, Des Moines;
fourth, Mrs. Fred Meacham, Adelphi; fifth, Mrs. C. N. Hill, Indianola.
Loaf Rye Bread ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. J. A. Peters, Ankeny; third, Mrs. Chas. Walter, Altoona;
fourth, Mrs. H. Johnson, Gladbrook; fifth, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Loaf Corn Bread ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Lula L. Baird, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook; third, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, India-
nola; fourth, Anna Ault, Mitchellville; fifth, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee.
CAKE
Fruit ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, Miss
Esther Seiberling, Mitchellville; third, Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook.
Pound ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Mrs.
Frank E. Huston, Waukee; third, Anna B. Frost, Des Moines.
Sponge ($3, $2. $1) — First, Anna B. Frost, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
T. J. Flora, Des Moines; third, Mrs. H. H. Johnston, Des Moines.
Watermelon ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second,
B. Stebbings, Des Moines.
Coffee ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee; second, Mrs.
Jesse Alexander, Indianola; third, Anna B. Frost, Des Moines.
Marble ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Mrs.
Frank E. Huston, Waukee; third, Mrs. J. B. Beck, Ames.
Angel Food ($3, $2, $1) — First, Ruth Erskin, Runnells; second, Mrs. Lee
A. Perry, Indianola; third, Mrs. Asa Lee, Mitchellville.
318 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Sunshine ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Ella Mote, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
M. Davis, Des Moines; third, Mrs. C. M. Cross, Des Moines.
Fairy Loaf ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Lulu
L. Baird, Des Moines.
Bride's Cake ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second,
Esther Brazelton, Ankeny; third, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee.
Nut Loaf, White ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; sec-
ond, Mrs. A. H. Ketchum, Des Moines; third, Esther Brazelton, Ankeny.
Devil's Food ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. F. B. Moore, Des Moines; second,
Lulu L. Baird, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
White Citron ($3) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
Cocoanut Loaf ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; sec-
ond, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee; third, Ina Morton, Indianola.
Currant Loaf ($3) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
Election Loaf ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. T. J. Flora, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; third, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines.
White Fruit ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Anna
B. Frost, Des Moines.
Gold Cake ($3, $2, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; third, Mrs. A. H. Ketchum, Des Moines.
Jam Cake ($3, $2, $1) — First. Lulu L. Baird, Des Moines; second, Anna
B. Frost, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
LAYER CAKES
Almond ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee; second, Mrs.
Anna B. Gannon, Valley Junction; third, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
Banana ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Feme
Botsford, Des Moines.
Caramel or Burnt Sugar Cake ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander,
Indianola; second, Mrs. J. H. Hoak, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Harry Haddick,
Des Moines.
White, Caramel Frosting ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Anna B. Gannon, Val-
ley Junction; second, Miss Esther Seiberling, Mitchellville; third, E. Hey-
don, Mitchellville.
Chocolate Layer, White Frosting ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander,
Indianola; second, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee; third, Mrs. Harry Had-
dick, Des Moines.
Chocolate White Layer, Chocolate Frosting ($3, $2, $1) — First, Miss Esther
Seiberling, Mitchellville; second, Mrs. Anna B. Gannon, Valley Junction;
third, Mrs. J. B. Putnam, Des Moines.
Cocoanut ($3, $2, $1) — First, Miss Esther Seiberling, Mitchellville; second,
Mrs. A. H. Ketchum, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Lee A. Perry, Indianola.
Fig, White Layer ($3, $2, $1) — First, Miss Esther Seiberling, Mitchell-
ville; second, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee; third, Mrs. Fred G. Mote,
Des Moines.
Fig, Dark Layer ($3, $2, $1) — First, Ina Morton, Indianola; second, Mrs.
Jesse Alexander, Indianola; third, E. Heydon, Mitchellville.
Jelly Layer ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Anna
B. Frost, Des Moines.
Jelly Roll ($3, $2, $1) — First, Lulu L. Baird, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Jesse Alexander, Indianola; third, Mrs. G. W. Parsons, Carlisle.
Lemon Jelly ($3, $2, $1) — First, Anna B. Frost, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Anna B. Gannon, Valley Junction; third, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
Maple ($3, $2, $1) — First, Anna B. Frost, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Jesse
Alexander, Indianola; third, Mrs. Anna B. Gannon, Valley Junction.
Marshmallow ($3) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 319
English Walnut, White ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Anna B. Gannon, Valley
Junction; second, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; third, Mrs. Fred G.
Mote, Des Moines.
Nut, Spice ($3, $2, $1) — First, Anna B. Frost, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Jesse Alexander, Indianola; third, Mrs. Lee A. Perry, Indianola.
Orange ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Grace
Schrool, Runnells; third, Mrs. A. H. Ketchum, Des Moines.
Pineapple ($3) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
Ribbon ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Anna
B. Frost, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee.
White Layer, White Frosting ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander,
Indianola; second, Mrs. Edward Van Zante, Pella; third, Mrs. A. H. Ket-
chum, Des Moines.
COOKIES, ETC.
One Dozen Sugar Cookies ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines;
second, Anna Ault, Mitchellville.
One Dozen Cocoanut Cookies ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des
Moines; second, Eliza Reynolds, Mitchellville.
One Dozen Fruit Cookies ($2, $1) — First, Miss Esther Seiberling, Mitch-
ellville; second, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines.
One Dozen Nut Cookies ($2, $1) — First, Eliza Reynolds, Mitchellville;
second, Fanny McClain, Des Moines.
One Dozen Chocolate Cookies ($2, $1) — First, Feme Botsford, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines.
One Dozen Sugar Cookies ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook;
second, Mrs. A. Smith, New London.
One Dozen Macaroons ($2, $1) — Second, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
One Dozen Raised Doughnuts ($2, $1) — First, Fern Bishop, Mitchellville;
second, Mrs. Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona.
One Dozen Baking Powder Doughnuts ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Verle Dun-
lap, Altoona; second, Mrs. Carl Bishop, Mitchellville.
Loaf Hard Gingerbread ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. J. A. Peters, Ankeny; second,
Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook.
Loaf Soft Gingerbread ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Charles Arnold, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. J. H. Hoak, Des Moines.
One Dozen Lady Fingers ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook.
One Dozen Almond Wafers ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des
Moines; second, Lulu L. Baird, Des Moines.
Basket Fancy Cakes or Cookies ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. Fred Mathis, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee.
HOMEMADE 'CANDY
Plate French Cream ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. John C. Ash, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. Chas. Walter, Altoona; third, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair,
Des Moines.
Plate Chocolate Fudge ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Asa Lee, Mitchell-
ville; second, Miss La Vergne Kinney, Des Moines; third, Berneice Howe,
Mitchellville.
Plate Chocolate Creams ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Clarence Wilbur,
Ackworth; second, Mrs. Oliver Moe, Algona; third, Mrs. Asa Lee, Mitchell-
ville.
Plate Divinity Creams ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Chas. Walter, Al-
toona; second, Mrs. W. W. Preston, Carlisle; third, Mrs. Asa Lee, Mitchell-
ville.
320 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Plate Taffy ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Fred G. Mote, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Plate Butterscotch ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Asa Lee, Mitchellville;
second, Mrs. F. W. Moss, Des Moines; third, Mary Winegar, Des Moines.
CONSERVES
Currant ($2, $1) — First Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, E. L. Thomp-
son, Des Moines.
Cherry ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, E. L. Thomp-
son, Des Moines.
Gooseberry ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, E. L.
Thompson, Des Moines.
Strawberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines; second,
Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Peach ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Howard
Eales, Des Moines.
Rhubarb ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second, Ella
Plummer, Des Moines.
Orange 3Iarmalade ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
SUN PRESERVED FRUIT
Strawberry Sunshine ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines;
second, Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Red Raspberry Sunshine ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. Lake Bower, Des Moines.
Cherry Sunshine ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines; second,
Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Peach Sunshine ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. W. W. Preston, Carlisle; second,
Mrs. Clarence Alexander, Adelphi.
PRESERVES
Apple ($2, $1)— First, Mrs. W. W. Preston, Carlisle; second, Ella Plum-
mer, Des Moines.
Apricot ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Geo.
Grimstead, Mitchellville.
Cherry ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Howard
Eales, Des Moines.
Crabapple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Currant ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Citron ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, R. L. Thomp-
son, Des Moines.
Cranberry ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, R. L.
Thompson, Des Moines.
Blackberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second,
Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines.
Gooseberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Seward Long, Burlington.
Black Raspberry ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Howard Eales, Des Moines.
Strawberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines; second, Ella
Plummer, Des Moines.
Peach ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. How-
ard Eales, Des Moines.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 321
Pear ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. K. C.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Plum ($2, $1) — 'First, Mrs. Lydia Viers, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Seward
Dong, Burlington.
Quince ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, E. D.
Thompson, Des Moines.
Tomato ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second, Mrs.
Chas. Arnold, Des Moines.
Watermelon ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second,
R. L. Thompson, Des Moines.
Pineapple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. K.
C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Red Raspberry ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Elias
Reynolds, Mitchellville.
JELLIES
Apple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs. M.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Black Raspberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines; sec
ond, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Blackberry ($2, $1) — First, B. Freel & Son, Pleasantville; second, Mrs
M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Crabapple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs
J. A. Peters, Ankeny.
Cherry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Harriet
Young, Des Moines.
Currant, White ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Currant, Red ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Cranberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs
K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Gooseberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines; second
Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Haw, Red ($2, $1) — First,, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs,
M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Grape, Dark ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Des Moines.
Grape, "White ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. J. A. Green, Beech; second, Mrs. M.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Grape, Wild ($2, $1) — First, Ina Morton, Indianola; second, Mrs. M. Kast*
berg, Des Moines.
Pineapple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Peach ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second, Mrs.
K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Pear ($2, $1) — 'First, Mrs. K. C. Kastbe'rg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. M.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Plum ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs. M.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Quince ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. M.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Rhubarb ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs
M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Red Raspberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
21
322 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Strawberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
BUTTERS
Apple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Cassie Swallow, Valley Junction; second, Ella
Plummer, Des Moines.
Black Raspberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville;
second, Mrs. B. M. Reynolds, Mitchellville.
Cherry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. K.
C. Kastberg-, Des Moines.
Crabappie ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Currant ($2, $1) — First. Mrs. M. Kastberg; second, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg,
Des Moines.
Gooseberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Grape, Tame ($2, $1) — First. Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
B. M. Reynolds, Mitchellville.
Grape, Wild ($2, $1) — First. Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Peach ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. K. C.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Plum ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second, Agnes
Ellis, Adelphi.
Pineapple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. G. W. Parsons, Carlisle; second, Mrs. M.
Kastberg, Des Moines.
Quince ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, E. L.
Thompson, Des Moines.
Red Raspberry ($2. $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Geo. Harnagel, Des Moines.
Rhubarb ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second, Mrs.
Howard Eales, Des Moines.
Strawberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, 'Mitchellville.
JAMS
Apple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Seward Long, Burlington.
Black Raspberry ($2, $1) — First, Blanche Van Gorpe, Mitchellville; second,
Mrs. John C. Ash, Des Moines.
Cranberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Blackberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Cassie Swallow, Valley Junction; sec-
ond, Mrs. B. M. Reynolds, Mitchellville.
Crabappie ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
K. C. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Currant ($2. $1) — First. Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mar-
garet McXerney. Des Moines.
Gooseberry f$2, $1) — First, Mrs. Chas. Arnold, Des Moines; second, Ella
Plummer, Des Moines.
Pineapple ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Peach ($2, $1) — First. Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Howard
Eales, Des Moines.
Pear ($2. $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair. Des Moines; second, Mrs. Howard
Eales, Des Moines.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 323
Plum ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second, Ella
Plummer, Des Moines.
Strawberry ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Clarence Alexander, Adelphi ; second,
.Mrs. Sam Freel, Runnells.
Quince ($2, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, E. L. Thomp-
son, Des Moines.
Tomato ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
SOUR PICKLES, CATSUP AND VINEGAR
Beet ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second, Mrs. Geo.
Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Bean ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Blanche
Gorpe, Mitchellville.
Cucumber ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. A. L. Van Trump, Des Moines; second,
Margaret McNerney, Des Moines.
Mango ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, Mrs. W. W.
Preston, Carlisle.
Onion ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs. C. C.
McGrew, Des Monies.
Tomato ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Seward Long, Burlington.
Mixed ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Geo.
Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Chow Chow ($2, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Geo.
Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Piccalilli ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
J. M. Henderson, Des Moines.
Chili Sauce ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second,
Feme Botsford, Des Moines.
Tomato Catsup ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Cucumber Catsup ($2) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Homemade Cider Vinegar ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchell-
ville; second, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
CANNED FRUITS, SPICED GOODS AND SWEET PICKLES
Apple ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Frank E. Huston, Waukee.
Apricot ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
A. L. Van Trump, Des Moines.
Blackberries ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee; second,
Mrs. B. M. Reynolds, Mitchellville.
Cherries ($1.50, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Seward Long, Burlington.
Crabapples ($1.50, $1) — First. Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Currants, White ($1.50) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Currants, Red ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington.
Gooseberries ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second,
G. A. Newkirk, Des Moines.
Grapes, White ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second,
Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Grapes, Blue ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines; second,
Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
824 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Ground Cherries ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second,
Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Peaches ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Pears ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook.
Plums ($1.50, $1) — First, Mina Singmaster, Des Moines; second, Mrs. C.
C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Raspberries, Red ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines;
second, Blanche Van Gorpe, Mitchellville.
Raspberries, Black ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines;
second, Blanche Van Gorpe, Mitchellville.
Rhubarb ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. B. M. Reynolds, Mitchellville; second,
Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Strawberries ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second,
Mrs. L. M. Stuart, Des Moines.
SPICED GOODS
Apple ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. W. W. Preston, Carlisle; second, Mrs. Geo.
Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Cherries ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Wilfred Granquist, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Currants ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Gooseberries ($1.50, $1) — First, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Peach ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Pear ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Plum ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville.
SWEET PICKLES
Apple ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; second, Mrs.
M. Kastberg, Des Moines.
Citron ($1.50, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, R. L.
Thompson, Des Moines.
Crabapple ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. L. W. Stuart, Des Moines.
Cucumber ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Kastberg, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
R. D. Kaufmann, Des Moines.
Peach ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines.
Pear ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. E. M. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville.
Watermelon ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Grinstead, Mitchellville; sec-
ond, Mrs. E. L. Thompson, Des Moines.
Mixed ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
CANNED VEGETABLES
Corn ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Frank E. Huston, Waukee; second, Esther
McGrath, Des Moines.
String Beans ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. M. J. Proudfit, Runnells; second,
Mrs. Asa Lee, Mitchellville.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 325
Shelled Beans ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. C. C. McGrew, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. W. W. Preston, Carlisle.
Peas ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second, Mrs.
M. J. Proudflt, Runnells.
Beets ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. F. H. Sinclair, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Seward Long, Burlington.
Spinach ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second, Mrs.
C. C. McGrew, Des Moines.
Other Greens ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second,
Margaret McNerney, Des Moines.
Asparagus ($1.50, $1) — First, Esther McGrath, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
J. L. Hamilton, Lucas.
Tomatoes ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Chas. Walter, Altoona; second, Mrs.
A. L. Van Trump, Des Moines.
Young Carrots ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second,
Nadeina Freel, Pleasantville.
Mixed Vegetables, for Soup ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Bur-
lington; second, Mrs. A. A. Johnson, Gladbrook.
Pumpkin, for Pies ($1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. B. Brockett, Runnells;
second, Mrs. M. J. Proudflt, Runnells.
CANNED MEAT
Chicken ($2, $1) — First, Pearl Farrell, Ankeny; second, Mrs. Jesse Alex-
ander, Indianola.
Beef ($2, $1) — First, Agnes Ellis, Adelphi; second, Mrs. Jesse Alexander,
Indianola.
Rabbit ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Seward Long, Burlington; second, Agnes
Ellis, Adelphi.
Sausage ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola; second, Agnes
Ellis, Adelphi.
Fish ($2) — First, Mrs. Jesse Alexander, Indianola.
HONEY, BEES, ETC.
Three 24-Section Cases of White Honey, White Clover, Basswood, Sweet
Clover ($25, $12, $10, $8)— First, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines; second, R.
H. Longworth, Ames; third, Eunice Longworth, Ames; fourth, F. H. Stacey,
Iowa Falls.
Three Hundred-pound Exhibit of Comb Honey, Quality, Manner of Prep-
aration From Market Standpoint Considered ($25, $12, $10) — First, Eunice
Longworth, Ames; second, R. H. Longworth, Ames; third, Bert A. Brown,
Des Moines.
Twenty-four-pound Display of Comb Honey Showing Stand Market Grades
($15, $8, $5) — First, Mrs. L. W. Stuart, Des Moines; second, Bert A. Brown,
Des Moines; third, R. H. Longworth, Ames.
Seventy-two Pounds of Light Extracted Honey, White Clover, Basswood,
Sweet Clover in 1-pound Containers ($25, $12, $10, $7, $5) — First, Eunice
Longworth, Ames; second, F. H. Stacey, Iowa Falls; third, R. H. Long-
worth, Ames; fourth, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines; fifth, W. F. Clements,
Agency.
Three Hundred-pound Exhibit of Extracted Honey, Quality and Manner
of Market Preparation Considered ($25) — First, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines.
Twenty-four-pound Display of Extracted Honey, Showing Standard Mar-
ket Grades in 1-pound Containers ($15, $8, $5, $3) — First, F. H. Stacey, Iowa
Falls; second, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines; third, R. H. Longworth, Ames;
fourth, Eunice Longworth, Ames.
Twelve Pounds or More, Granulated Extracted Honey ($10, $5, $3, $2) —
First, R. H. Longworth, Ames; second, F. H. Stacey, Iowa Falls; third, Eu-
nice Longworth, Ames; fourth, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines.
326 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Five Gallons Honey Vinegar ($10, $5, $3, $2, $1) — First, Eunice Long-
worth, Ames; second, Agnes Ellis, Adelphi; third, D. W. Ellis, Adelphi;
fourth, F. H. Stacey, Iowa Falls; fifth, R. H. Longworth, Ames.
Display of Labeled Samples of Extracted Honey, Not Less Than One-
half Pound Each ($10, $5, $3, $2) — First, F. H. Stacey, Iowa Falls; second,
Bert A. Brown; third, R. H. Longworth, Ames; fourth, Eunice Longworth,
Ames.
Best Display of Beeswax, Showing Color, Grades, Designs, With Labels
($10, $5, $3, $2, $1) — First, F. H. Stacey, Iowa Falls; second, Bert A. Brown,
Des Moines; third, R. H. Longworth, Ames; fourth, Eunice Longworth,
Ames; fifth, W. F. Clements, Agency.
Display Cooking, Honey Used Instead of Sugar ($10, $5, $3, $2) — First,
F. H. Stacey, Iowa Falls; second, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines; third, Eunice
Longworth, Ames; fourth, R. H. Longworth, Ames.
One 1-Frame Observation Hive of 3-band Italian Bees and Queen ($10,
$5, $3, $2, $1) — First, F. H. Stacey, Iowa Falls; second, W. F. Clements,
Agency; third, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines; fourth, R. H. Longworth, Ames;
fifth, Eunice Longworth, Ames.
ASSOCIATIONS
County Beekeepers' Association Exhibit ($45, $25) — First, F. H. Stacey,
Iowa Falls; second, W. F. Clements, Agency.
SWEEPSTAKES
Largest and Most Attractive Exhibit in This Department ($40, $20, $12)
— First, Bert A. Brown, Des Moines; second, Eunice Longworth, Ames;
third, R. H. Longworth, Ames.
CREAMERY BUTTER
Superintendent R. G. Clark, Des Moines, Iowa.
( Roy Scoles,
Judges I _ _ ^
| F. L. Odell.
Highest Scoring Exhibit of Whole Milk Butter ($25) — First, Henry Sege-
barth, Fairbank.
Highest Scoring Exhibit of Gathered Cream Butter ($25) — First, E. O.
Ballman, McGregor.
DAIRY BUTTER
Ten-pound Tub, Pro Rata ($60.00, $20.87, $15.65, $13.04, $10.44)— First,
Kate Adamson, Ankeny; second, Mrs. J. L. Hamilton, Lucas; third, Mrs.
L. F. Randolph, Ankeny; fourth, Mrs. J. A. Peters, Ankeny.
Sweepstakes ($5, $2) — First, Kate Adamson, Ankeny; second, Mrs. J.
L. Hamilton, Lucas.
CHEESE
Best Exhibit of Cheese, Each Exhibit to Consist of Not Less Than Twenty
Pounds Respectively ($25, $15, $10, $5) — First. L. J. Breher, Sheboygan
Falls; second, L. J. Breher, Sheboygan Falls; third, Otto W. Sixel, Cleve-
land, AVis .; fourth, Louis J. Horn, Conrath, Wis.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 327
FRUIT DEPARTMENT
PLATES APPLES FROM NORTHERN DISTRICT
Superintendent Earl Ferris, Hampton, Iowa.
judge c- s- Holland.
Premiums on. Each Variety ($1.50, $1, 50 cents) — Annison — First, C. H.
True, Edgewood; second, O. O. Lomen, Decorah; third, Isaac Johnson, West
Union. Black Annette — First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen. Charlamof
— First, C. H. True. Delicious — First, C. H. True. Duchess — First, C. H.
True; second, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee; third, O. O. Lomen. Eastman —
First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen. Famense — First, C. H. True; second,
O. O. Lomen; third, P. M. Peterson. Gano — First, C H. True; second, O. O.
Lomen. Golden Russet — First, O. O. Lomen; second, P. M. Peterson; third,
Isaac Johnson. Hibernal — First, P. M. Peterson; second, Isaac Johnson,
third, O. O. Lomen. Iowa Blush — First, C. H. True; second, P. M. Peterson;
third, O. O. Lomen. Jonathan. — First, C. H. True. Longfield — First, O. O.
Lomen. Malinda — First, C. H. True; second, P. M. Peterson; third, O. O.
Lomen. Mclntoch — First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen; third, Isaac
Johnson. N. W. Greening — First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen; third,
Isaac Johnson. Patten's Greening — First, O. O. Lomen; second, C. H. True;
third, P. M. Peterson. Pewaukee — First, O. O. Lomen; Plum Cider, C. H.
True. Salome — First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen. Tolman Sweet —
First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen; third, P. M. Peterson. Wealthy —
First, O. O. Lomen; second, C. H. True; third, P. M. Peterson. Windsor —
First, C. H. True. Wold River — First, O. O. Lomen; second, C. H. True
Yellow Transparent — First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lmoen; third, P. M.
Peterson. Optional — St. Lawrence Class — First, C. H. True; second, O. O.
Lomen; third, Isaac Johnson. Okabena — First, O. O. Lomen; second, C. H.
True; third, P. M. Peterson. Ben Davis — First, C. H. True; second, P. M.
Peterson; third, O. O. Lomen. Mann — First, C. H. True; second. O. O. Lo-
men; third, Isaac Johnson. Roman Stem — First, C. H. True; second, P. M.
Peterson; third, O. O. Lomen. McMahon — First, O. O. Lomen; second,
C. H. True; third, P. M. Peterson. Scotts Winter — First, C. H. True; sec-
ond, O. O. Lomen; third, P. M. Peterson. Walbridge — First, P. M. Peter-
son; second, O. O. Lomen; third, C. H. True. Mammoth Black Twig — First,
C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen; third, Isaac Johnson. Kompf — First, P.
M. Peterson; second, C. H. True; third, O. O. Lomen.
PLATES APPLES FROM CENTRAL DISTRICT
Judge H. E. Nichols, Ames, Iowa.
Premiums on Each Variety ($1.50, $1, 50 cents) — Ben Davis — First, M. J.
Worth, Mondamin; second, E. O. Worth, Mondamin; third, W. E. Utter-
back, Sigourney. Benoni — First, E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth. Che-
nango— First, E. O. Worth; second,, M. J. Worth. Delicious — First, E. O.
Worth; second, M. J. Worth; third, Chas. M. L. Clemons, Davenport. Duch-
ess— First, M. J. Worth; second, B. H. Beane, Le Grand. Dyer — First,
E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth. Esopus S. — First, M. J. Worth; second,
E. O. Worth. Famense — First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth; third,
B. H. Beane. Gano— First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth; third, D. D.
Hamilton. Grimes — First, E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth; third, W. E.
Utterback. Jonathan — First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth; third,
L. C. Knudson, Le Grand. Lowell— First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O.
Worth; third, D. D. Hamilton. Maiden Blush — First, E. O. Worth; second,
M. J. Worth; third, L. C. Knudson. M. Black Twig — First, M. J. Worth;
second, W. E. Utterback; third, E. O. Worth. McMahon — First, E. O.Worth;
second, D. D. Hamilton; third, M. J. Worth. Minkler — First, M. J. Worth;
second, E. O. Worth; third, N. F. Ambrose, McCallsburg. Mo. Pippin —
First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth. N. AV. Greening — First, L. C.
Knudson; second, M. J. Worth; third, W. E. Utterback. Perry Russett —
First, E. O. Worth; second, D. D. Hamilton. Rolls — First, B. H. Beane;
328 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
second, E. O. Worth; third, M. J. Worth. Home Beauty — First, M. J. Worth;
second. E. O. Worth. Salome — First, L. C. Knudson; second. E. O. Worth;
third. M. J. Worth. Senator — First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth.
Mauman — First. M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth; third. Chas. M. L.
demons. Talraan Sweet — First. M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth; third,
L. C. Knudson. Wagner — First, E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth.
Wealthy — First. M. J. Worth; second. B. H. Beane; third, E. O. Worth.
Winesap — First. M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth; third, L. C. Knudson.
Wolf River — First, M, J. Worth; second. E. O. Worth; third, W. E. Utter-
back. York — First. E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth; third. D. D. Ham-
ilton. Optional — Pound — Sweet — First. E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth;
third. W. E. Utterback. Isham Sweet — First, M. J. Worth; second, L. C.
Knudson; third, E. O. Worth. Huntsman — First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O.
Worth: third. B. H. Beane. King David — First, M. J. Worth; second, L. C.
Knudson; third. E. O. Worth. Cole's Quince — First. N. F. Ambrose; second,
M. J. Worth: third. E. O. Worth. Rnmbo — First, E. O. Worth; second, M.
J. Worth: third, L. C. Knudson. Yellow Transparent — First. M. J. Worth;
second, B. H. Beane; third, E. O. Worth. Winter Banana — First, L. C. Knud-
son: second, M. J. Worth; third. E. O. Worth. Windsor Chief — First, M. J.
Worth: second. E. O. Worth; third, L. C. Knudson. Haas — First. B. H.
Beane; second, M. J. Worth; third, E. O. Worth.
PLATES APPLES FROM CAPITAL DISTRICT
Judge W. J. Kochen.
Premiums on Each Variety (.$1.50. $1, 50 cents) — Ben Davis — First, Ap-
ple Grove Orchard. Mitehellville; second. Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third,
Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines. Benoni — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cy-
rus E. Harvey; third. The Harvey Nursery, Altoona. Chenango — First. The
Harvey Nursery; second, Cyrus E. Harvey; third. Chas. O. Garrett. Deli-
cious— First. L. C. Brown, Des Moines; second. Chas. O. Garrett; third, Cy-
rus E. Harvey. Duchess — First. Cyrus E. Harvey; second. Chas. O. Garrett;
third. Mrs. V. M. Brazelton. Ankeny. Dyer — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second,
Cyrus E. Harvey; third. The Harvey Nursery. Fameuse — First, Cyrus E.
Harvey; second. The Harvey Nursery; third, Chas. O. Garrett. Gano — ■
First. Cyrus E. Harvey; second. The Harvey Nursery; third, Chas. O. Gar-
rett. Grimes — First. Apple Grove Orchard; second, Cyrus E. Harvey;
third. Chas. O. Garrett. Jonathan — First. Apple Grove Orchard; second,
Cyrus E. Harvey; third, Ella Plummer, Des Moines. Long-field — First.
Cyrus E. Harvey; second. Chas. O. Garrett; third, The Harvey Nursery.
Lowell — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Mrs. V. M. Brazelton; third, Cyrus
E. Harvey. Maiden Blush — First. Chas. O. Garrett; second, Ella Plummer;
third. Cyrus E. Harvey. M. Black Twig — First. Chas. O. Garrett; second,
Apple Grove Orchard; third. Cyrus E. Harvey. McMahon — First, Cyrus E.
Harvey; second. The Harvey Nursery; third. Ella Plummer. Minkler —
First. Chas. O. Garrett; second, The Harvey Nursery; third, Cyrus E. Har-
vey. \. >v. Greening — First, Apple Grove Orchard; second. Cyrus E.
Harvey; third, J. W. Pearson, Mitchellville. Price Sweet — First, Cyrus E.
Harvey; second, Apple Grove Orchard; third. Ella Plummer. Red June —
First. Chas. O. Garrett; second. Cyrus E. Harvey; third. The Harvey
Nursery. Rome Beauty — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Ella Plummer.
Roman Stem — First, Ella Plummer; Second, Chas. O. Garrett; third, Cyrus
E. Harvey. Salome — First, The Harvey Nursery; second. Cyrus E. Harvey:
third. Chas. O. Garrett. Senator — First, Apple Grove Orchard; second, Chas.
O. Garrett. Stayman — First, Apple Grove Orchard; second, Cyrus E. Har-
vey; third. The Harvey Nursery. Willow Twig — First, Ella Plummer;
second. The Harvey Nursery; third. Chas. O. Garrett. Yellow Transparent
— First. Cyrus E. Harvey: second. Chas. O. Garrett; third. The Harvey
Nursery. Wealthy — First. Apple Grove Orchard; second, Chas. O. Garrett;
third. Cyrus E. Harvey. Winesap — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, The
Harvey Nursery; third, J. W. Pearson. Wolf River — First, The Harvey
Nursery: second. Cyrus E. Harvey; third, Chas. O. Garrett. York — First,
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 329
Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cyrus E. Harvey; third, Ella Plummer. Optional
— Pewaukee — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, The Harvey Nursery; third,
Chas. O. Garrett. Cole's Quince — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cyrus
E. Harvey; third, Ella Plummer. I tter's Red — First, Apple Grove Orchard;
second, Chas. O. Garrett; third, Cyrus E. Harvey. King David — First, Chas.
O. Garrett; second, The Harvey Nursery; third, Apple Grove Orchard.
Fulton — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, The Harvey Nursery; third, Ella
Plummer. Flory — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, The Harvey Nursery;
third, Apple Grove Orchard. Domine & Ralls — First, The Harvey Nursery;
second, J. W. Pearson; third, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny. Hass — First,
Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Garrett; third, C. S. Jordon, Valley Junc-
tion. Cox's Sweet — First, J. W. Pearson; second, Ella Plummer; third,
Apple Grove Orchard. Black King; — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Apple
Grove Orchard; third, J. W. Pearson.
PLATES APPLES FROM SOUTHERN DISTRICT
Judge H. E. Nichols.
Premiums on Each Variety ($1.50, $1, 50 cents) — Ben Davis — First, A. R.
Soder, Hartford; second, Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; third, Thos. Enright,
Patterson. Benoni — First, A. R. Soder; second, W. F. Clements, Agency;
third, Geo. A. Schurk. Chenango — First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. En-
right; third, F. L. Overley, Indianola. Delicious — First, Thos. Enright;
second, Geo. A. Schurk; third, Wm. Landis, Peru. Duchess — First, A. R.
Soder; second, W. F. Clements; third, Geo. A. Schurk. Dyer — First, Thos.
Enright. Fameuse — First, Thos. Enright; second, Geo. A. Schurk. Grimes
— First, A. R. Soder; second, Geo. A. Schurk; third, Thos. Enright. Iowa
Blush — First, Thos. Enright; second, A. R. Soder. Jonathan — First, A. R.
Soder; second, Geo. A. Schurk; third, W. F. Clements. King David — First,
A. R. Soder; second, F. L. Overley; third, Thos. Enright. Lowell — First,
A. R. Soder; second, Mrs. Howard Eales, Des Moines. Maiden Blush — First,
Geo. A. Schurk; second, A. R. Soder; third, Thos. Enright. 31. Black Twig
— First, Geo. A. Schurk; second, A. R. Soder; third, Thos. Enright. 31c-
Mahon — First, Thos. Enright. Minkler — First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos.
Enright. N. W. Greening — First, Thos. Enright; second, Geo. A. Schurk;
third, A. R. Soder. Prices' Sweet — First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. En-
right. Ralls — First, Thos. Enright; second, A. R. Soder; third, Geo. A.
Schurk. Roman Stem — First, A. R. Soder; second, F. L. Overley; third,
Thos. Enright. Salome — First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. Enright; third,
Geo. A. Schurk. Tolman Sweet — First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. Enright.
Utters Red — First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. Enright. Wealthy — First,
Thos. Enright; second, A. R. Soder; third, Wm. Landis. Willow Twig —
First, Geo. A. Schurk; second, Thos. Enright. Winesap — First, Geo. A.
Schurk; second, Thos. Enright; third, A. R. Soder. Wolf River — First,
Geo. A. Schurk; second, Thos. Enright; third, E. W. Kibler, Agency. Yel-
low Transparent — First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. Enright; third, Geo.
A. Schurk. York — First, Thos. Enright; second, A. R. Soder; third, Geo.
A. Schurk. Optional — Stayman — First, Geo. A. Schurk; second, A. R. Soder;
third, Thos. Enright. Ingram — First, A. R. Soder; second, Geo. A. Schurk.
Barley — First, Geo. A. Schurk; second, Thos. Enright; third. J. E. Grant,
Carlisle. Ramsdale — First, Thos. Enright; second, A. R. Soder; third, Wib
Clement, Agency. Perry Russet — First, Thos. Enright; second, Geo. A.
Schurk; third, A. R. Soder. Gan.o — First, Thos. Enright; second, Geo. A.
Schurk; third, W. F. Clement. Chicago — First, Geo. A. Schurk; second,
A. R. Soder; third, Thos. Eright. Flory — First, Geo. A. Schurk; second,
Thos. Enright; third, A. R. Soder. Rome Beauty — First, Geo. A. Schurk;
second, A. R, Soder; third, Thos. Enright. Red June — First, Thos. En-
right; second, Geo. A. Schurk; third, A. R. Soder.
330 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
APPLES HOME ORCHARD COLLECTION
Judge H. E. Nichols.
Northern District ($8, $5, $4, $3) — First, C. H. True, Edgewood; second,
O. O. Lomen, Decorah; third, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee; fourth, Isaac John-
son, West Union.
Central District ($8, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, E. O. Worth, Mondamin;
second, M. J. Worth, Mondamin; third, L. C. Knudson, Le Grand; fourth,
B. H. Beane, Le Grand; fifth, N. F. Ambrose, McCallsburg.
Capital District ($8, $5, $4, $3, $2) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona;
second, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; third, Apple Grove Orchard, Mitch-
ellville; fourth, Mrs. V. M. Brazelton, Ankeny; fifth, The Harvey Nursery,
Altoona.
Southern District ($8, $5, $4) — First, Thos. Enright, Patterson; second,
Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; third, A. R. Soder, Hartford.
APPLE COLLECTIONS FROM NORTHERN DISTRICT
Judge C. S. Hoi^land.
Collection Not Less Than 20 Varieties or More Than 50 ($35, $25, $15, $10)
First, C. H. True, Edgewood; second, O. O. Lomen, Decorah; third, Isaac
Johnson, West Union; fourth, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee.
Four Varieties, Summer ($5, $4, $3, $2) — First, C. H. True; second, O. O.
Lomen; third, Isaac Johnson; fourth, P. M. Peterson.
Six Varieties, Fall ($5, $4, $3, $2) — First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen;
third, Isaac Johnson; fourth, P. M. Peterson.
Six Varieties, Winter ($5, $4, $3, $2) — First, C. H. True; second, O. O.
Lomen; third, Isaac Johnson; fourth, P. M. Peterson.
APPLE COLLECTIONS FROM CENTRAL DISTRICT
Judge W. J. Kockbn.
Collection Not Less Than 20 Varieties or More Than. 50 ($35, $25, $15,
$10, $5) — First, E. O. Worth, Mondamin; second, M. J, Worth, Mondamin;
third, Chas. M. L. Clemons, Davenport; fourth, N. F. Ambrose, McCallsburg;
fifth, D. D. Hamilton, Morning Sun.
Four Varieties, Summer ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, E. O. Worth; second,
M. J. Worth; third, Chas. M. L. Clemons; fourth, N. F. Ambrose; fifth,
D. D. Hamilton.
Six Varieties, Fall ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, E. O. Worth; second, M. J.
Worth; third, Chas. M. L. Clemons; fourth, N. F. Ambrose; fifth, D. D.
Hamilton.
Six Varieties, Winter ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1)— First, E. O. Worth; second,
M. J. Worth; third, L. C. Knudson, Le Grand; fourth, B. H. Beane, Le
Grand; fifth, N. B. Ambrose.
APPLE COLLECTIONS FROM CAPITAL DISTRICT
Judge W. J. Kockbn.
Collection, Not Less Than 20 Varieties or More Than 50 ($35, $25, $15, $10,
$5) — First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona;
third, Ella Plummer, Des Moines; ' fourth, The Harvey Nursery, Altoona;
fifth, Apple Grove Orchard, Mitchellville.
Four Varieties, Summer ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey;
second, The Harvey Nursery; third, Chas. O. Garrett; fourth, Ella Plum-
mer; fifth, Apple Grove Orchard.
Six Varieties, Fall ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second,
Cyrus E. Harvey; third, Ella Plummer; fourth, Apple Grove Orchard; fifth,
The Harvey Nursery.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 331
Six Varieties, Winter ($5, $4, $3, $2, $1)— First, Apple Grove Orchard;
second, Cyrus E. Harvey; third, Chas. O. Garrett; fourth, The Harvey
Nursery; fifth, Ella Plummer.
APPLE COLLECTIONS FROM SOUTHERN DISTRICT
JUDGE H- K NICHOLS.
Collection, Not Less Than 20 Varieties or 3Iore Than 50 ($35, $25, $15)
First, A. R. Soder, Hartford; second, Thos. Enright, Patterson; third, Geo.
A. Schurk, Ft. Madison.
Four Varieties, Summer ($5, $4)— First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. En-
right.
Six Varieties, Fall ($5, $4)— First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. Enright.
Six • Varieties, Winter ($5, $4, $3)— First, Thos. Enright; second, A. R.
Soder; third, Geo. A. Schurk.
APPLES IN TRAYS
JUDGE W- J- KOCKEN.
Northern District ($5, $3, $2)— Duchess— First, C. H. True, Edgewood;
second, O. O. Lomen, Decorah; third, P. M. Peterson, Cherokee. Wealthy
—First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen; third, P. M. Peterson. N. W.
Greening First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen. Fameuse — First, C. H.
True- second, O. O. Lomen. Malinda— First, C. H. True; second, P. M. Peter-
son. Tolman Sweet— First, C. H. True. Wolf River— First, O. O. Lomen.
Optional— First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen. Optional— First, C. H.
True; second, O. O. Lomen. Optional— First, O. O. Lomen; second, P. M.
Peterson.
Central District ($5, $3, $2)— Duchess— First, M. J. Worth, Mondamin;
second, E. O. Worth, Mondamin; third, Chas. F. demons, Davenport.
Wealthy First, E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth. Maiden Blush — First,
M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth; third, Chas. F .Clemons. Delicious —
First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth. Grimes— First, M. J. Worth;
second, E. O. Worth. Jonathan— First, E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth;
third, Chas. F. Clemons. N. W. Greening— First, M. J. Worth; second, E.
O. Worth; third, Chas. F. Clemons. Optional — First, M. J. Worth; second,
E. O. Worth; third, Chas. F. Clemons. Optional — First. M. J. Worth; sec-
ond, E. O. Worth; third, Chas. F. Clemons. Optional — First, M. J. Worth;
second, E. O. Worth; third, Chas. F. Clemons.
Capital District ($5, $3, $2, $1)— Duchess— First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des
Moines; second, The Harvey Nursery, Altoona; third, Cyrus E. Harvey,
Altoona. Wealthy— First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Apple Grove Orchard,
Mitchellville; third, Cyrus E. Harvey. Maiden Blush — First. Chas. O. Gar-
rett; second, Cyrus E. Harvey; third, The Harvey Nursery. N. W. Green-
ing—First, Apple Grove Orchard; second, Cyrus E. Harvey; third, The
Harvey Nursery. Delicious — First, Harvey Nursery; second. Cyrus E.
Harvey. Jonathan — First, Apple Grove Orchard; second, Cyrus E. Harvey;
third, Chas. O. Garrett. Grimes — First, Apple Grove Orchard; second,
Cyrus E. Harvey; third, Chas. O. Garrett. Optional— First, The Harvey
Nursery; second, Chas. O. Garrett; third, Cyrus E. Harvey; fourth, Apple
Grove Orchard. Optional— First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Gar-
rett; third, Apple Grove Orchard; fourth, The Harvey Nursery. Optional
First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, The Harvey Nursery; third, Apple Grove
Orchard; fourth, Chas. O. Garrett.
Southern District ($5, $3, $2, $1)— Duchess— First, A. R. Soder. Hartford.
Wealthy — First, Thos. Enright, Patterson. Maiden Blush — First, Geo. A.
Schurk, Ft. Madison; second, Thos. Enright. Delicious — First, Geo. A.
Schurk'; second, Thos. Enright. Grimes — First, A. R. Soder; second. Geo.
A. Schurk; third, Thos. Enright. Jonathan — First, Geo. A. Schurk; second,
A R. Soder; third, Thos. Enright. Ben Davis — First, Thos. Enright; second,
332 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
A. R. Soder. Optional — First, Geo. A. Schurk; second, Thos. Enright;
third, A. R. Soder. Optional — First, Geo. A. Schurk; second, A. R. Soder;
third, Thos. Enright. Optional — First, F. L. Overley, Indianola; second,
Geo. A. Schurk; third, A. R. Soder.
TWENTY-FIVE PLATE DISPLAY
Judge C. S. Holland.
Northern District ($10, $8) — First, C. H. True, Edgewood; second, O. O.
Lomen, Decorah.
Central District ($10, $8, $5, $3, $2) — First, E. O. Worth, Mondamin;
second, M. J. Worth, Mondamin; third, L. C. Knudson, Le Grand; fourth,
Chas. M. L. Clemons, Davenport; fifth, D. D. Hamilton, Morning Sun.
Capital District ($10, $8, $5, $3) — First, Apple Grove Orchard, Mitchell-
ville; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, The Harvey Nursery, Al-
toona; fourth, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines.
Southern District ($10, $8, $5) — First, Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison;
second, Thos. Enright, Patterson; third, A. R. Soder, Hartford.
TEN PLATE DISPLAY
Judge C. S. Holland.
Best Ten Plates Wealthy ($10, $8, $4, $3, $2) — First, Chas. O. Garrett,
Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Apple Grove Or-
chard, Mitchellville; fourth, The Harvey Nursery, Altoona; fifth, H. H.
Ban Bentheysen, Runnells.
Best Ten Plates Jonathan. ($10, $8, $4, $3, $2, $1) — First, E. O. Worth,
Mondamin; second, M. J. Worth, Mondamin; third, Apple Grove Orchard,
Mitchellville; fourth, Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; fifth, The Harvey
Nursery, Altoona; sixth, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona.
Best Ten Plate Exhibit Each of Three Other Varieties to be Selected
($10, $8, $4, $3, $2, $1) — Grimes — First, M. J. Worth, Mondamin; second,
Apple Grove Orchard, Mitchellville; third, E. O. Worth, Mondamin; fourth.
The Harvey Nursery, Altoona; fifth, Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; Chas.
O. Garrett, Des Moines. N. W. Greening — First, Apple Grove Orchard,
Mitchellville; second, Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; third, Cyrus E. Harvey,
Altoona; fourth, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; fifth, The Harvey Nursery,
Altoona; sixth, Chas. M. L. Clemons, Davenport. Delicious — Willow Twig
— First, M. J. Worth, Mondamin; second, Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; third,
Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; fourth, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; fifth,
Apple Grove Orchard, Mitchellville; sixth, The Harvey Nursery, Altoona.
SWEEPSTAKES PLATES
Premiums on Each Variety ($5) — Duchess — First, Cyrus E. Harvey, Al-
toona. Wealthy — First, Apple Grove Orchard, Mitchellville. Jonathan —
First, M. J. Worth, Mondamin. Grimes — First, E. O. Worth, Mondamin.
Delicious — First, E. O. Worth, Mondamin. N. W. Greening — First, Apple
Grove Orchard, Mitchellville. Ben Davis — First, M. J. Worth,- Mondamin.
Stayman — First, M. J. Worth, Mondamin. Maiden Blush — First, M. J.
Worth, Mondamin. Rambo — First, E. O. Worth, Mondamin.
Grand Sweepstakes (Ribbon) — E. O. Worth, Mondamin.
CRABS
Judge C. V. Holsinger.
Northern District ($1.50, $1, 50 cents) — Whitney — First, O. O. Lomen,
Decorah; second, C. H. True, Edgewood; third, Mrs. E. J. J. Heise. Hyslop
— First, C. H. True; second, P. M. Peterson. Martha — First, P. M. Peter-
son. Transcendent — First, P. M. Peterson. Yellow Siberian — First, P. M.
Peterson. Briers Sweet — First, P. M. Peterson; second, C. H. True. Flor-
ence— First, C. H. True; second, O. O. Lomen. Virginia — First, C. H. True;
second, P. M. Peterson; third, O. O. Lomen.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 333
Central District ($1-50, $1, 50 cents) — Whitney— First, M. J. Worth, Mon-
damin; second, E. O. Worth, Mondamin. Martha — First, M. J. Worth, Mon-
damin; second, E. O. Worth. Transcendent — First, Chas. F. L. Clemons,
Davenport; second, E. O. Worth; third, M. J. Worth. Florence — First, E.
O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth. Virginia — First, M. J. Worth; second,
E. O. Worth. Yellow Siberian — Fiast, Chas. F. L.. Clemons. Briers Sweet
— First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth.
Capital District ($1.50, $1, 50 cents)— Whitney— First, Harvey Nursery,
Altoona; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; third, Apple Grove Orchard,
Mitchellville. II > slop — First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; second, Cyrus
E. Harvey; third, The Harvey Nursery. Martha — First, Cyrus E. Harvey;
second, Ella Plummer. Transcendent — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second,
Ella Plummer; third, L. C. Brown, Des Moines. Yellow Siberian — First,
Cyrus E. Harvey; second, The Harvey Nursery. Briers Sweet — First, Chas.
O. Garrett. Snyder — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Mrs. V. M. Brazel-
ton, Ankeny; third, The Harvey Nursery. Florence — First, Cyrus E.
Harvey; second, The Harvey Nursery; third, Chas. O. Garrett.
Southern District ($1.50, $1, 50 cents) — Whitney — First, F. L. Overley,
Indianola; second, Thos. Enright, Patterson; third, Mrs. John Kinzey, Milo.
Hyslop — First, Thos. Enright; second, A. R. Soder, Hartford. Martha —
First, Thos. Enright; second, E. K. Kibler, Ankeny. Transcendent — First,
Thos. Enright. Yellow Siberian — First, W. F. Clements, Agency; second,
Thos. Enright. Briers Sweet — First, Thos. Enright. Optional — Virginia —
First, A. R. Soder; second, Thos. Enright; third, Gertie Englebrecht, Valley
Junction. Florence — First, Thos. Enright; second, A. R. Soder.
PEARS
Judge C. V. Holsinger.
Best and Largest Collection of Pears, Not Less Than Five Varieties ($15,
$10, $5) — First, Geo. A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; second, Chas. O. Garrett,
Des Moines; third, Chas. M. L. Clemmons, Davenport.
Premiums on Each Variety ($1.50, $1, 50 cents) — Bartlett — Second, Geo.
A. Schurk, Ft. Madison; third, M. J. Worth, Mondamin. Duchess — First,
Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; second, Clarence Wilbur, Ackworth; third, Chas.
M. L. Clemons, Davenport. Flemish Beauty — First, M. J. Worth; second,
Chas. O. Garrett. Garber — First, E. O. Worth second, M. J. Worth; third,
Geo. A. Schurk. Kieifer — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, M. J. Worth;
third, Geo. A. Schurk. Lincoln — First, M. J. Worth. Seckel — First, Clar-
ence Wilbur; second, Geo. A. Schurk. Sudduth — First, F. L. Overley; sec-
ond, A. R. Soder; third, Ella Plummer. Hartford — First, Chas. O. Garrett;
second, Cyrus E. Harvey. Vermont Beauty— First, Chas. O. Garrett.
Howell — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Geo. A. Schurk. Bartlett Seckel- -
First, Geo. A. Schurk. Sheldon — First, E. O. Worth; second, M. J. Worth.
Conjou — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Garrett; third, Chas.
M. Li. Clemons.
PEACHES
Judge C. S. Holland.
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
Collection of Peaches Not Less Than Five Varieties ($10, $5, $2) — First.
E. O. Worth, Mondamin; second, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; third,
Chas. M. L. Clemons, Davenport.
Plates, Worthy Varieties (Premium limited to five varieties. Seedlings
may be entered, but must be of recognized value. Duplicate plates must
be used for collections) ($1, 50 cents) — Elberta — First, M. J. Worth; second,
E. O. Worth. Champion. Variety — First, M. J. Worth; second, E. O. Worth.
Bokara Type — First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey,
Altoona. Early Crawford Variety — First, Apple Grove Orchard, Mitchell-
ville; second, J W. Pearson, Mitchellville. Seedling No. 1 — First, Chas.
M. L. Clemons; second, Apple Grove Orchard.
334 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
GRAPES
judge C. V. Holsinger.
NORTHERN DISTRICT
Best Collection and Largest Collection of Grapes, Not Less Than Five
Varieties ($15, $10, $8) — First, C. H. *True, Edgewood; second. Effie M.
Backe, Hubbard; third, A. A. Lomen, Decorah.
Premiums on Each Variety ($1.5 0, $1, 50 cents) — Agawan — First, C. H.
True; second, Effie M. Backe. Beta — First, Effie M. Backe; second, N. F.
Ambrose. Brighton — First, C. H. True. Concord — First, C. H. True; sec-
ond, Effie M. Backe; third. N. F. Ambrose. Delaware — First, C. H. True;
Eaton— First, C. H. True, Moore's Early — First. C. H. True; second, Effie
M. Backe. Niagara — First, C. H. True; second, J. F. Ambrose. Woodruff
Red — First, C. H. True. Worden — First, C. H. True; second, Effie M.
Backe. Wyoming Red — First, C. H. True. Early Daisy — First C. H. True.
Colorain — First, C. H. True. Ives — First, C. H. True. Wilder — First, C.
H. True.
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
Best and Largest Collection of Grapes, Not Less Than Five Varieties
($15, $10, $8, $5) — First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; second, Cyrus E.
Harvey, Altoona; third, A. R. Soder, Hartford; fourth, Chas. F. L. dem-
ons, Davenport.
Premiums on Each Variety ($1.50, $1, 50 cents) — Agawan — First, Chas. O.
Garrett; second, Mrs. W. M. Riley, Patterson; third, O. B. Pickering, Des
Moines. Brighton — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Garrett.
Concord — First, William Allen, Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey; third,
Mrs. W. M. Riley. Delaware — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cyrus E.
Harvey. Lucile — First, Chas. O. Garrett. Moore's Early — First, Mrs. W.
M. Riley; second, Chas. O. Garrett; third, O. B. Pickering, aioore's Dia-
mond— First, Mrs. W. M. Riley; second, Chas. O. Garrett; third, O. B.
Pickering. Niagara — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Garrett;
third, Wm. Landis, Peru. Pocklington — First, Chas. O. Garrett. Woodruff
Red — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Wm. Landis. AVorden — First, Mrs.
W. M. Riley; second, O. B. Pickering; third, Chas. O. Garrett. Wyoming
Red — First, Mrs. W. M. Riley; second, O. B. Pickering; third, Chas. O. Gar-
rett. Optional — Elivira — First, Mrs. W. M. Riley; second, O. B. Pickering;
third, Chas. O. Garrett. Banner — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas.
O. Garrett. Clingon — Bary — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cyrus E.
Harvey; third, Chas. F. L. demons. Champion Luttie — First, Chas. O. Gar-
rett; second, Cyrus E. Harvey; third, J. H. Comer, Des Moines. American
Unknown — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cyrus E. Harvey.
PLUMS
Judge W. J. Kocken.
NORTHERN DISTRICT
Largest and Best Collection of Plums, Not Less Than 15 Varieties ($15,
$10) — First, O. O. Lomen, Decorah; second, Isaac Johnson, West Union.
Premiums on Each Variety ($1, 50 cents) — De Soto — First, Isaac Johnson;
second, O. O. Lomen. Forest .Garden — First, Isaac Johnson; second, O. O.
Lomen. Hawkeye — First, O. O. Lomen. Hunt — First, Isaac Johnson.
Miner — First, C. H. True. Stoddard — First, O. O. Lomen. Terry — First,
O. O. Lomen. Waneta — First, O. O. Lomen. Wild Goose — First, Isaac
Johnson; second, O. O. Lomen. Wolf — First, S. F. Ambrose, McCallsburg;
second, O. O. Lomen. Waynett — First, N. F. Ambrose; second, O. O. Lomen.
Surprise — First, N. F. Ambrose; second, C. H. True. Optional — First, Isaac
Johnson; second, O. O. Lomen. Optional — First, O. O. Lomen; second, Isaac
Johnson. Optional — First, O. O. Lomen; second, Isaac Johnson. Optional
— First, O. O. Lomen; second, Isaac Johnson.
Best Collection Domestic Plums, Not Less Than Five Varieties ($5) —
First, O. O. Lomen, Decorah.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 335
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
Largest and Best Collection of Plnms, Not Less Than 15 Varieties ($15,
$10, $8) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; second, Chas. O. Garrett, Des
Moines; third, Chas. F. L. demons, Davenport.
Premiums on Each Variety ($1, 50 cents) — Damson — First, Cyrus E. Har-
vey; second, J. W. Pearson. De Soto — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second,
Chas. O. Garrett. Forest Garden — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas.
O. Garrett. Hammer — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Garrett.
Hawkeye — First, A. R. Llewellyn, Waukee; second, Cyrus E. Harvey. Hunt
— First, Chas. O. Garrett. Lombard — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cyrus
E. Harvey. Miner — First, Chas. F. L. Clemons; second, J. W. Pearson.
Stoddard — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Cyrus E. Harvey. Terry — First,
Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Garrett. Waneta — First, Apple Grove
Orchard; second, Cyrus E. Harvey. Wild Goose — First, Chas. O. Garrett;
second, Cyrus E. Harvey. Wolf — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O.
Garrett. Wyant — First, W. E. Utterback, Sigourney; second," Chas. O. Gar-
rett. Optional — First, J. W. Pearson; second, Cyrus E. Harvey. Optional
— First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, Apple Grove Orchard. Optional — First,
Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. F. L. Clemons. Optional — First, Chas. O.
Garrett; second, J. W. Pearson. Optional — First, J. W. Pearson; second,
A. R. Soder. Optional — First, Chas. O. Garrett; second, D. D. Hamilton.
Best Collection, Domestic Plums, Not Less Than Five Varieties ($5, $3)
— First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Chas. O. Garrett.
Best Collection of Japan or Hybrid Plums, Not Less Than Three Varieties
($3, $2) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey; second, Apple Grove Orchard.
UNNAMED SEEDLING FRUITS
Judge C. V. Holsinger.
Plate Seedling Apples, Six Specimens ($6, $5, $4, $3) — First, Cyrus E.
Harvey, Altoona; second, N. F. Ambrose, McCallsburg; third, E. O. Worth,
Mondamin; fourth, A. R. Soder, Hartford.
Plate Seedling Native Hybrid Crab, Ten Specimens ($1.50, $1, 50 cents)
— First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; second, A. R. Soder, Hartford; third,
Chas. F. L. Clemons, Davenport.
Plate Native Plum Seedling, Fifteen Specimens ($5, $4. $3, $2) — First,
Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; second, J. W. Pearson, Mitchellville; third,
Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines; fourth, A. R. Soder, Hartford.
NATIVE FRUITS
Judge C. S. Holland.
Plates Elderberry ($1, 50 cents) — First, F. L. Overly, Indianola; second,
J. L. Hamilton, Lucas.
Plates Juneberry ($1, 50 cents) — First, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona; second,
Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines.
Plates Fresh Strawberry Progressive ($1, 50 cents) — First, Wm. Allen,
Des Moines; second, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona.
Plates Fresh Strawberry, Other Variety ($1) — First, S. D. Whinery, Des
Moines.
Plates of Other Native Fruits, Limited to Five Kinds ($1, 50 cents) — Wild
Grapes — First, E. A. Foster, Norwalk; second, S. D. Whinery, Des Moines.
Haws — First, S. D. Whinery, Des Moines; second, Chas. F. L. Clemons, Dav-
enport. Wild Cherry — First, S. D. Whinery, Des Moines; second, Chas. F.
L. Clemons, Davenport. Wild Crab Apples — First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des
Moines; second, S. D. Whinery, Des Moines. Canned Wild Fruit — First, S.
D. Whinery, Des Moines.
Best Collection of Native Fruits ($5, $4, $3, $2) — First, S. D. Whinery,
Des Moines; second, W. Clement, Agency; third, Cyrus E. Harvey, Altoona;
fourth, Chas. F. L. Clemons, Davenport.
336 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
EDIBLE NUTS GROWN IN IOWA, NATIVE OR FOREIGN ORIGIN
Judge W. J. Kocken.
Plates Black Walnut ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. W. M. Riley, Patterson;
second, Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Plates AVhite Walnut or Butternut ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. C. C. Bier-
ma, East Des Moines; second, Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Plates Shell Bark Hickory Nut ($1, 50 cents) — First, Wib Clement,
Ag-ency; second, Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Plates Hazlenut ($1, 50 cents) — First, S. D. Whinery, Des Moines; second,
Walter Russell, Indianola.
Plates Sweet Chestnut ($1, 50 cents) — First, H. E. Spalti, Pleasantville;
second, J. W. Pearson, Mitchellville.
Plates Pecan ($1) — First, Chas. O. Garrett, Des Moines.
Plates Peanuts (50 cents) — Second, Ella Plummer, Des Moines.
Plates of Other Nuts Grown in Iowa, Limited to Five Kinds ($1) — Almond
— First, Odessa Porter Llewellyn, Waukee.
Best Collection of Nuts ($5) — First, S. D. Whinery, Des Moines.
GLADIOLI DISPLAY
Superintendent L. E. Foglesong.
Judge T. O. Smedlet.
Best Collection of Named Varieties ($40, $30, $15) — First, Beebe & Tucker,
Mitchellville; second, G. D. Black, Independence; third, Chas. J. Siemer,
Nora Springs.
One Vase, Six Spikes, Le Marechal Foch ($5, $3, $1) — First, Beebe &
Tucker; second, D. D. Strickler, Mitchellville; third, G. D. Black.
One Vase, Six Spikes, Mrs. Dr. Norton ($3) — Second, G. D. Black.
One Vase, Six Spikes, Mary Fennell ($5, $3, $1) — First, Beebe & Tucker;
second, L. D. Strickler; third, Wm. Hester, Des Moines.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, White ($3, $2, $1) — First, Beebe &
Tucker; second, L. D. Strickler; third, Chas. J. Siemer.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Scarlet ($3, $2, $1) — First, Wm. Hester;
second, Beebe & Tucker; third, G. D. Black.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Blue-Beds ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas.
J. Seimer; second, G. D. Black; third, Wm. Hester.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Light Pink ($3, $2, $1) — First, L. D.
Strickler; second, Beebe & Tucker; third, Wm. Hester.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Dark Pink ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas.
J. Seimer; second, G. D. Black; third, L. D. Strickler.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Salmon ($3, $2, $1) — First, Beebe &
Tucker; second, L. D. Strickler; third, G. D. Black.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Yellow ($3, $2, $1) — First, Chas. J.
Seimer; second, Wm. Hester; third, Beebe & Tucker.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Purple ($3, $2, $1) — First, Wm. Hester:
second, G. D. Black: third, Chas. J. Seimer.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Lavender ($3, $2, $1) — First, G. D.
Black; second, Chas. J. Seimer; third, Wm. Hester.
One Vase, Six Spikes. One Variety, Variegated ($3, $2) — First, Chas. J.
Seimer; second, G. D. Black.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Ruffled ($3, $2, $1) — First, G. D.
Black; second, Beefee & Tucker; third, L. D. Strickler.
One Vase, Six Spikes, One Variety, Primulinus Hyhrid ($2, $1) — Second,
Chas. J. Seimer; third, G. D. Black.
One Vase, Six Spikes, New Variety ($3, $2, $1) — First, Beebe & Tucker;
second, Chas. J. Seimer; third, G. D. Black.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 337
SPECIAL PRIZES
One Vase, 25 Spikes, Mrs. Francis King ($10, $5) — First, Beebe & Tucker;
second, L. D. Strickler.
One Vase, 12 Spikes, Louise ($3) — Second, G. D. Black.
Three Vases, Three Spikes Each, Three Named Varieties, Lavender or
Blue ($1)— Third, G. D. Black.
Best Unnamed Seedling Gladiolus ($3, $2) — First, Chas. J. Seimer; second,
Wm. Hestier.
One Vase, 12 Schwaben ($3, $2) — First, Beebe & Tucker; second, L. D.
Strickler.
One Vase, 12 Spikes, Mary Fennell ($5, $3) — First, L. D. Strickler; second,
G. D. Black.
One Vase, 12 Spikes, Gretchen Zang ($5, $3) — First, L. D. Strickler;
second, G. D. Black.
Basket, 12 Spikes, Mixed Varieties ($5, $3, $2) — First, Beebe & Tucker;
second, Chas. J. Seimer; third, G. D. Black.
TEXTILE AND CHINA DEPARTMENT
Superintendent T. C. Legoe, What Cheer, Iowa.
Judge R. J. Hess.
HOUSEHOLD FABRICS, QUILTS, ETC.
Rug, Any Material ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Isaac Keller, Alleman; second,
Mrs. John E. Ash, Des Moines; third, E. Heydon, Mitchellville.
Velvet Quilt ($3, $2, $1) — First. E. Heydon, Mitchellville; second, Miss
Esther Seiberling, Mitchellville; third, Helen Johnston, Des Moines.
Silk Quilt ($3, $2, $1) — First, Helen Johnston, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
A. J. Mathis, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Carl Hummell, Des Moines.
Outline Quilt ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Harnagel. Des Moines; second,
Jennie Given, Des Moines; third, E. Heydon, Mitchellville.
Cradle Quilt ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. H. F. Grass, Des Moines; second
Mrs. Reid Burks, Des Moines; third, Lucille Eichenlamb, Des Moines.
Cotton Patchwork Quilt ($2, $1, $1) — First, Katherine Hulse, Perry;
second, Mrs. John E. Ash, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Ora Hick, Altoona.
Log Cabin Quilt ($2, $1, $1) — First, Miss Esther Seiberling, Mitchellville;
second, Mrs. Wm. M. Bontilier, Forest City; third, Mrs. A. A. Johnson,
Gladbrook.
Worsted Quilt ($2, $1) — First, E. Heydon, Mitchellville; second, Heler
Johnston, Des Moines.
Specimen of Quilting Handmade, Not Less Than One Yard ($2, $1, $1) —
First, Mary Jane Bennison, Des Moines; second, Helen Johnston, Des
Moines; third, Mrs. W. C. Raney, Des Moines.
Silk Comfort ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr., Des Moines; second.
Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Worsted Comfort ($2, $1, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines;
second, E. Heydon, Mitchellville; third, Mrs. G. W. Dietz, Des Moines.
Cotton Comfort ($1) — Third, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr., Des Moines.
Cotton Applique Quilt ($3, $2, $1) — First, Helen Johnston, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. John E. Ash, Des Moines; third, Edna Crabtree, Polk City.
Cotton Braided Rug ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. W. R. Alexander, Des
Moines; second, J. M. Gustafson, Lake View; third, Mrs. Sadie M. Crane,
Des Moines.
338 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Cotton Pieced Quilt ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Clara Spitzer, Norwalk;
second, Mrs. Wm. W. Bontilier, Forest City; third, Edna Crabtree, Polk
City.
Woven Cotton Rug ($2) — First, E. Heydon, Mitchellville.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2. $1) — First, Mrs. A. C. Olson, Des
Moines; second, Hazel Poulos, Des Moines; third, Lillian Otte, Valley Junc-
tion.
ECONOMY CLASSIFICATION
SEWING
Work Dress ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Oliver Moe, Algona; second, Mrs.
Emma R. Roberts, Des Moines; third, Mrs. A. J. Mathis, Des Moines.
Work Apron ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. J. H. Boylan, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. F. A. Mathis, Des Moines; third Mrs. Fred Mathis, Des Moines.
Made Over Dress ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Louise Smith, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. Oliver Moe; third, Mrs. R. D. Kaufman, Des Moines.
Dress, Made From Cast-off Garments, for Child Under Eight Years ($2,
$1, $1) — First, Mrs. Emma R. Roberts, Des Moines; second, Mable C. Luther,
Des Moines; third, Miss Etta Keeling, Des Moines.
Best Dress, Made From Cast-Off Garments, for Child Between 8 and 16
Years ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. R. J. Kaufmann; second, Mrs. G. W. Dietz;'
third, Mrs. Oliver Moe.
Child's Coat Made From Old Garment ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. F. M.
Jackson, Des Moines; second, M. D. Jump, Waukee; third, Mrs. Gale W.
McMillan, Waukee.
Child's Underwear, Made From Cast-Off Knitted Underwear ($2, $1) —
First, Mrs. Emma R. Roberts, Des Moines; second, Mable C. Luther.
Layette, Costing Less Than $5.00 ($2) — First, Mrs. J. W. Tyrrell, Des
Moines.
Clothing Made From Flour or Sugar Sacks ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Oliver
Moe; second, Mrs. Louise Smith; third, Mrs. W. C. Raney, Des Moines.
Boy's Suit, Made From Cast-Off Garments ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Frank
Scott, Bondurant; second, Mrs. R. J. Kaufmann.
Child's Clothing Made From Old Stockings ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs.
Emma R. Roberts; second, Mrs. J. W. Tyrell; third, Mable C. Luther.
DARNING
Darning on Wool Garment ($2, $1) — First, Wm. J. Neimeyer, West Point;
second, Jane Adamson, Ankeny.
Darning on Silk Garment ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Oliver Moe; second, Jane
Adamson.
Darning on Cotton Garment or Household Article ($2, $1) — First, Jane
Adamson; second, Wm. J. Neimeyer.
Darning on Linen Garment or Household Article ($2, $1, $1) — First,
Mrs. H. H. Johnston, Des Moines; second, Wm. J. Neimeyer, West Point;
third, Mrs. Emma R. Roberts.
PATCHING
Patching on Silk Garment ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Oliver Moe; second, Jane
Adamson.
Patching on Wool Garment ($2, $1) — First, Jane Adamson; second, Mrs.
Emma R. Roberts.
Patching on Cotton Garment or Household Article ($2, $1, $1) — First,
Mrs. H. H. Johnston; second, Esther Brazelton, Ankeny; third, Mrs. Oliver
Moe.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 339
KNITTED WORK
Specimen Knit Lace IVot Less Than Two Yards ($2, $1) — First, Mrs.
Earl Duncan, Des Moines; second, Arminta B. Nere, Kararar.
Pair Woolen Mittens ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Clara Spetzer, Norwalk;
second, Arminta B. Nere.
Slumber Robe ($2) — First, Mrs. W. C. Raney, Des Moines.
Pair of Slippers, Hand Knit ($2, $1) — First, Mary L. Bevan, Des Moines;
second, Leona B. Dietz, Des Moines.
Pair of Gloves, Hand Knit ($1, 50 cents) — First, Arminta B. Nere; second,
Mrs. A. J. Nading, Dubuque.
Pair Woolen Stockings, Hand Knit (.$1. 50 cents) — First, Andrea M.
Smith, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Erick Anderson, Iowa Falls.
Pair Woolen Socks, Hand Knit ($1, 50 cents) — First, Andrea M. Smith;
second, Mrs. M. Casidy, Des Moines.
Ladies' Sweater, Hand Knit ($3, $2) — First, Andrea M. Smith; second,
Mrs. Carrie Geiger, South Amana.
Medallions (Six) ($2) — First, Mrs. Clara Spitzer.
Ladies' Knit Shawl ($2, $1) — First, Mary L. Bevan, Des Moines; second,
Arminta B. Nere.
Knitted Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. A. R. Mikkle-
son, Des Moines; second, Mrs. Earl Duncan; third, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell.
CROCHET
Medallions (Six) ($2, $1) — First, Mary L. Bevan; second, Mrs. Alice
Gordon, Des Moines.
Sweater ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. H. F. Grass; second, Andrea H. Smith.
Filet Tidy ($2, $1) — First, M. S. Jones; second, Mrs. M. Casidy.
Tray, Mounted ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell; second, Mrs. Wm.
Hoefle, Des Moines.
Basket (50 cents) — Second, Mable E. Luther.
Luncheon Set ($5, $3, $2) — First, E. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Frank Brehmer, Atlantic; third, Andrea M. Smith.
Pillow Cases, Trimmed With Crochet Edging: or Insertion ($2, $1) —
First, E. L. Thompson; second, Ethel A. Hayden, Des Moines.
Sheet, Crochet Trimming ($2, $1) — First, Almeda Dyer, Pleasantville;
second, Ethel A. Hayden.
Towel, Crochet Trimming ($1, 50 cents) — First, Ina E. Metcalf, Des
Moines; second, R. L. Thompson, Des Moines.
Turkish Towel, Crochet Trimming ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. A. J. Mathis;
second, Mrs. F. A. Mathis.
Collar ($2, $1) — First, Marion Brown, Des Moines; second, Emma Carru-
ther, Des Moines.
Collar and Cuff Set ($1) — Second, Marion Brown, Des Moines.
Doily ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. A. J. Mathis; second, E. L. Thompson.
Centerpiece ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Marion Cappock, Ankeny; second,
Gretchen Nicholaas, Des Moines.
Bag ($1) — Second, Mrs. R. Rasmussen, Audubon.
Table Bunner ($2, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson; second, J. M. Gustaf-
son, Lake View.
Night Gown Yoke ($2, $1) — First, Almeda Dyer, Pleasantville; second,
Ina E. Metcalf, Des Moines.
Corset Cover Yoke ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. ' R. L. Sterling, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. B. O. Spahn, Slater.
Linen and Crochet Centerpiece ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. F. D. Bane, Pleas-
antville; second, Mrs. A. J. Mathis.
340 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
l4inen and Crochet Doilies (Six) ($2, $1) — First, Mary L. Bevan, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. J. B. De Frees, Des Moines.
Linen and Crochet Lunch Cloth ($3, $2, $2) — First, Ina E. Metcalf; sec-
ond, Grace School, Runnells; third, Mrs. Rachel Hummell, Monroe.
Hugger ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson; second, Elizabeth P. Brooks,
Des Moines.
Cluny Scarf ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. G. W. Dietz, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. A. L. Van Trump, Des Moines; third, Mrs. A. J. Mathis.
Cluny Centerpiece ($1) — Third, Mary L. Bevan, Des Moines.
Cluny Yoke ($2) — Second, Mary L. Bevan.
Camisole ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Fred Mathis; second, Mrs. A. J. Mathis.
Infant's Sacque ($1) — First, Mrs. Edward Van Zante, Pella.
Hood ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. .G. W. Diets; second, Mrs. A. R. Mikkle-
son.
Pair of Infant's Socks, Crochet ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Lee A. Perry,
Indianola; second: M. S. Jones, Mitchellville.
Slumber Robe, Crochet ($1) — Third, Mrs. Edward Van Zante, Pella.
Pair of Slippers ($1, 50 cents) — First, E. Heydon, Mitchellville; second,
Mrs. J. H. McBride, Polk City.
Cotton Lace, Not Less Than One Yard ($1, 50 cents) — First, Bud Decker
Smith; second, Elizabeth Harbacheck, Moorland.
Crochet Lace on Curtain, One Pair ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. A. J. Mathis;
second, Mrs. Earl Dunn, Des Moines.
Linen Lace, Not Less Than One Yard ($1, 50 cents) — First, Hazel Poulos,
Des Moines; second, Mable C. Luther, Des Moines.
Scarf ($2) — First, Mrs. Maude Davidson, Des Moines.
Bedspread ($5, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. Celestine Brigione, Ft. Des Moines;
second, Guavaleepe Rosa, Valley Junction; third, Mrs. E. R. Williams,
Des Moines.
Candle Shades (50 cents) — Second, Mrs. W. J. Porter.
Specimen Crochet Work Other Than Named ($5, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. G. T.
Smith, Reinbeck; second, Esther Brazelton; third, Mrs. Carrie Geiger,
South Amana.
HAND NEEDLEWORK
Envelope Combination Suit ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Casidy; second, Mrs.
Oliver Moe.
Pillow Cases ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr., Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Geo. E. Meyer, Des Moines.
Sheets ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr., Des Moines; second,
Mrs. O. W. Burchird, Monroe.
Bedspread ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. A. D. Reynolds, Des Moines; second,
Feme Botsford, Des Moines; third, Nelle Armstrong, Des Moines.
Ladies' Waist ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson; second, Mrs. Oliver Moe.
Combination Suit ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Casidy; second, Mrs. Will H.
Zaiser, Jr.
Night Dress ($1) — First, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr.
Night Shirt ($1) — First, Mrs. Emma R. Roberts, Des Moines.
Child's Dress, Neatest Made ($2, $1) — First, Ina E. Metcalf; second,
Mrs. H. F. Grass.
Undershirt ($1, 50 cents) — :First, Mrs. Marion Cappock ; second, /Mrs. R.
Rasmussen.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 341
Corset Cover ($2, $1) — First, Flo Clark, Carlisle; second, Mable C.
Luther.
Fancy Apron ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. C. S. Sulser, Ankeny; second, Mrs.
M. Casidy.
Sofa Pillow ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. A. L. Van Trump; second, Mable C.
Luther.
Neatest Mended Garment ($1) — First, Arminta R. Nere.
Neatest Darned Stocking ($1. 50 cents) — First, Jane Adamson; second,
Mrs. Edward Van Zante.
Work Other Than Named ($3. $2, $1) — First, Mrs. O. S. Jamison, Oska-
loosa; second, Mrs. H. B. Sixsmith, Des Moines; third, Mrs. H. D. Case,
Des Moines.
WORK OF OLD LADIES
Pair of Knit Wool Socks ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. H. Johnson, Glad-
brook; second, E. Heydon, Mitchellville.
Pair of Knit Wool Mittens ($1) — First, Mrs. H. Johnson.
Pair of Knit Silk Mittens ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. W. C. Raney, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. H. Johnson.
Bedspread ($5, $3, $2) — First, F. D. Brumm, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Amy A. Silcott, Valley Junction; third, Mrs. M. Casidy.
Neatest Darned Work, Any Article ($1) — Second, Jane Adamson.
Neatest Made Dress ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Louise Smith; second, Mrs.
John E. Ash.
Neatest Made Skirt ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. J. Hunter. Des Moines;
second, Mrs. Louise Smith.
Specimen Drawn Work ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. H. Johnson; second, E. Hey-
don.
Specimen Ontline Work ($2, $1) — First, E. Heydon; second, Mrs. M. A.
Corrought, Bondurant.
Night Dress ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Frank Scott, Bondurant; second, Mrs.
M. A. Corrough.
Specimen Crochet Work ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Amy A. Silcott; second,
Mrs. Louise Smith.
Comfort ($2)— First, Mrs. M. Casidy.
Silk Quilt ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. C. A. Rounds, Des Moines; second, Helen
Johnston.
Cotton Uuilt ($2, $1) — First, Lavinia Kirby, Des Moines; second, Mary
E. Munn, Des Moines.
Woolen Quilt ($2) — First, Mrs. Harriett Williams, Luther.
Specimen of Hemstitching ($2, $1) — First, E. Heydon; second, Lucile
Eichenlamb, Des Moines.
Specimen of Embroidery Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Elizabeth
Blackman, Des Moines; second, Mrs. M. A. Corrough; third, Mrs. Frank
Scott, Bondurant.
Apron, Neatest Made ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Casidy; second, Mary E.
Munn.
Specimen of Lace Work ($2, $1) — First, Lucile Eichenlamb; second,
Mrs. Anna Moose, Des Moines.
Silk Embroidery Sofa Pillow ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Louise Smith; second,
Mrs. M. A. Corrough.
Silk Embroidery Lunch Cloth ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Geo. Anderson, Bon-
durant; second, Lucile Eichenlamb.
Specimen Roman Embroidery ($1) — Second, Mrs. Louise Smith, Des
Moines.
342 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Stocking Bag (.$1, 50 cents) — First, Lucile Eichenlamb; second, Mrs.
Louise Smith.
Shopping Bag, Home-made ($2) — First, Mrs. M. Casidy.
Tatting Handkerchief ($2, $1) — First, M. S. Jones, Mitchellville; second,
Mrs. W. C. Raney.
Work Other Than Named ($5, $3) — First, Mrs. A. Goinges, Des Moines;
second, E. Heydon.
LINEN OR COTTON EMBROIDERY
Centerpiece, 22 Inches or Larger (.$4, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser,
Jr., Des Moines; second, Mrs. Robert Dyer, Pleasantville; third, Mrs. R.
Rasmussen, Audubon.
Handkerchief ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. H. F. Grass, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. L. Jefferson, Des Moines.
Pair of Pillow Cases ($3, $2, $1) — First, Nelle Armstrong, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell, Des Moines; third, E. Heydon, Mitchellville.
Six Doilies ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. R. Rasmussen; second, Mrs. C. A. Rounds.
Six Napkins ($2, $1) — First, Ethyl A. Hayden, Des Moines; second,
Nelle Armstrong.
Dresser Scarf ($2, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Will H. Zaiser, Jr.
Table Cloth ($3, $1) — First, Andrea M. Smith; second, Mrs. M. A. Cor-
rough.
Sofa Pillow ($2, $1) — First, Rose Seffert, Gladbrook; second, Selma Ehr-
man, Des Moines.
Buffet Set ($2, $1) — First, Bertha A. Sropp, Rockwell City; second, Mrs.
J. L. Smith, Des Moines.
Night Gown Yoke and Cuffs ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr.,
second, Mrs. H. F. Grass; third, Mary Jane Bennison.
Bahy Dress ($2, $1) — First, Hannah Portel, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
Edward Van Zante.
Bahy Cap ($2, $1) — First, Mable C. Luther; second, Ina E. Metcalf.
Lunch Cloth and Napkins ($5, $3, $2) — First, Nelle Armstrong; second,
Mrs. John E. Ash; third, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell.
Camisole ($1) — Second, Bud Decker Smith.
Pair of Towels ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr.; second,
Margaret Hickelooper, Des Moines.
Shirt Waist ($2, $1)— First, Mrs. R. Rasmussen; second, Mrs. M. A.
Corrough.
Pair Rompers ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. R. Rasmussen; second, Mrs. G. W.
Dletz.
Specimen Norwegian Embroidery ($3, $1) — First, Mary Jane Bennison;
second, Mrs. R. Rasmussen.
Dressing Jacket and Cap ($2, $1) — Second, Ethyl A. Hayden; third,
Mable E. Luther.
Specimen Eyelet Embroidery ($2, $1) — First, Andrea M. Smith, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. H. F. Grass, Des Moines.
Specimen Coronation Cord Embroidery ($2, $1) — First, Elizabeth P.
Brooks, Des Moines; second, Mrs. M. Casidy.
Bed Set ($5, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. J. A. Campbell, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. J. L. Smith; third, Mrs. Will H. Zaiser, Jr.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Bertha A. Sropp, Rockwell
City; second, Blanch Van Gorpe, Mitchellville; third, Mrs. H. H. Johnson,
Des Moines.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 343
SILK EMBROIDERY IN COLORS
Lunch Cloth, Conventional ($3, $2) — First, Hannah Portel, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. Frank Scott, Bondurant.
Piano Scarf ($3) — First, Mrs. R. Rasmussen, Audubon.
Centerpiece, Any Design ($3, $2, $1) — First Mrs. H. B. Sixsmith, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. Chas. M. Craig, Mitchellville; third, Mrs. Louise
Smith, Des Moines.
Tray Cloth ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. R. Rassmussen, Audubon; second, Mrs.
W. J. Porter, Ankeny.
Bag, Any Kind ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. Reid Burks, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny.
Sofa Pillow ($2, $1) — First, Hannah Portel; second, Feme Botsford,
Des Moines.
Six Doilies ($1) — Third, Lucille Eichenlamb, Des Moines.
Envelope Comhination Suit ($2, $1)— First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des
Moines; second, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Camisole ($1)- — Second, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1)— First, G. F. Smith, Reinbeck;
second, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen, Des Moines; third, Mrs. Earl Nickerson, Des
Moines.
"WHITE SILK EMBROIDERY
Centerpiece, Any Design ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. E. W. Freel, Pleasantville;
second, Mrs. Louise Smith, Des Moines.
Tray Cloth ($2, $1) — First Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines; second, Bud
Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Child's Flannel Skirt ($2, $1) — First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines;
second, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Infant's Shawl ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. F. Happe, Danbury; second, Hannah
Portel.
Infant's Cap ($1, 50 cents) — F'icst, Mrs. R. Rasmussen, Audubon; sec-
ond, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Lucille Eichenlamb, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. Geo. Anderson, Bondurant; third, Helen Johnston,
Des Moines.
ROMAN EMBROIDERY
Lunch Cloth ($3, $1) — First, Ina E. Metcalf, Des Moines; third, Mrs.
Louise Smith, Des Moines.
Work Other Than, Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Ina E. Metcalf; second,
Hannah Portel, Des Moines; third, Mrs. R. Rasmussen, Audubon.
CROSS STITCH EMBROIDERY
Sofa Pillow ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. L. Jefferson, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. H. T. Ibsen, Des Moines; third, Mrs. R. Rasmussen.
Centerpiece ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. R. Rasmussen; second, E. Heydon,
Mitchellville.
Scarf ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. L. Jefferson; second, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell,
Des Moines.
Table Cover ($5, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. L. Jefferson; second, Mary Jane
Bennison, Des Moines; third, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell, Des Moines.
Bag ($2) — First, Mrs. H. D. Case, Des Moines.
Pair of Towels ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson; second, R. L. Thompson.
Luncheon Set ($2) — Third, Andrea M. Smith, Des Moines.
Pair Pillow Slips ($2) — First, Mrs. R. Rasmussen.
344 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Bed Spread ($5, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. M. J. Hunter, Des Moines; second.
Mrs. C. C. Vail, Des Moines; third, Hannah Portel, Des Moines.
Doily Roll ($2, $1) — First, Hannah Portel; second, Mrs. W. J. Porter,
Ankeny.
Card Table Cover ($2, $1) — First, Andrea M. Smith; second, Bud Decker
Smith.
Hot Roll Case ($1) — Second, Mrs. W. J. Porter.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. H. D. Case; second,
Mrs. R. Rasmussen; third, Mrs. L. Jefferson.
HARDANGER EMBROIDERY
Lunch Cloth ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. E. M. Meyer, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
O. C. Olson, Des Moines.
Dresser Scarf ($2, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith; second, Mrs. E. N.
Meyer.
Centerpiece ($2, $1) — Second, Bud Decker Smith; third, Mrs. C. A.
Rounds, Des Moines.
Sofa Pillow ($2, $1) — First, Helen Johnston, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
E. N. Meyer.
Bag ($1) — Second, Bud Decker Smith.
Sideboard Cover ($2, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith; second, Mrs. E. N.
Meyer.
MLLE FLEUR
Scarf ($2, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith; second, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell.
Centerpiece ($2, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith; second, Mrs. W. F
Mitchell.
MEXICAN EMBROIDERY AND DRAWNWORK, HANDMADE
Carver's Cloth ($2, $1) — First, M. S. Jones; second, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell.
Six Napkins ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell; second, E. Heydon.
Table Cloth ($3, $2, $1) — First, E. Heydon; second, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell;
third, Nell? Armstrong.
Dresser Cover ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell; second, M. S. Jones.
Handkerchief ($2, $1, 50 cents) — First, M. S. Jones; second, E. Heydon;
third, Lucille Eichenlamb.
Six Doilies ($1, 50 cents) — First, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell; second, Mrs.
Louise Smith.
Apron ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell; second, Mrs. Louise Smith.
Tray Cloth ($2, $1) — First, M. S. Jones; second, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell.
Pillow Cases ($2, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith; second, Mrs. R. Ras-
mussen.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Lucille Eichenlamb; second,
Mrs. W. F. Mitchell; third, M. S. Jones.
IRISH CROCHET
Best Trimmed Shirt Waist ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mary L. Bevan, Des
Moines; second, E. L. Thompson; third, R. L. Thompson.
Dresser Scarf Trimmed ($2, $1) — First, E. L. Thompson; second, Mrs.
F. A. Mathis.
Bag ($1) — First, Mable C. Luther.
Collar ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. M. Cassidy; second, E. L. Thompson.
Collar and Cuffs ($1) — Third, E. L. Thompson.
Yoke ($2, $1) — First, M. S. Jones; second, Bud Decker Smith.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 345
Infant's Cap ($2, $1) — First, Ina E. Metcalf; second, Emma Carruther,
Des Moines.
Jabot ($2, $1) — First, Mary L. Bevan; second, E. L. Thompson.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1)— First, E. L. Thompson; second,
Mrs. M. Cassidy; third. Mable C. Luther.
POINT LACE
Handkerchief ($2, $1) — First, Dr. C. F. Spring, Des Moines; second, M. S.
Jones, Mitchellville.
Infant's Cap ($2) — First, Dr. C. F. Spring.
Tie Ends ($2) — First, M. S. Jones.
TATTING
Table Cloth Trimmed With Tatting ($5, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. J. G. Cook,
Des Moines; second, Mrs. B. W. Phillips, De Soto; third, Edna Crabtree,
Polk City.
Edging and Insertion, One Yard ($2, $1) — First, Nora Burgess, Elkhart;
second, Mrs. W. F. Mitchell, Des Moines.
Handkerchief ($1, 50 cents) — First, Loretta E. M. McKuskee, Altoona;
second, Mrs. E. N. Meyer, Des Moines.
Tie Ends or Jabot ($1) — First, M. S. Jones, Mitchellville.
Infant's Cap ($2, $1) — First, Nora Burgess; second, Loretta E. McKuskee.
Towel, Trimmed With Tatting ($2, $1)— First, Mrs. E. N. Meyer; second,
Almeda Dyer, Pleasantville.
Apron Trimmed With Tatting ($2, $1) — First, Maude Shook, Des Moines;
second, Almeda Dyer, Pleasantville.
Centerpiece ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. B. M. Reynolds, Mitchellville; second,
Mrs. B. W. Phillips, Des Moines; third, Loretta E. McKuskee, Altoona.
Pillow Cases Trimmed With Tatting ($3, $2, $1)— First, Loretta E. Mc-
Kuskee, Altoona; second, Grace Schrool, Runnells; third, Mrs. B. W.
Philipps, De Soto.
Tatting Yoke ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Louise Smith, Des Moines; second,
Nora Burgess, Elkhart.
Corset Cover Trimmed With Tatting ($2, $1) — First, Feme Botsford,
Des Moines; second, R. L. Thompson, Des Moines.
Table Runner ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. N. Meyer; second, Edna Crabtree.
Piano Scarf ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. E. N. Meyer; second, Mrs. B. W. Phil-
ipps; third, Maude Shook.
Sofa Pillow ($1) — Second, Jennie Given, Des Moines.
Collar ($2, $1) — First, Lorretta E. McKuskee; second, Nora Burgess.
Tatted Lace on Curtain, One Pair ($3, $2) — First, Edna Crabtree; sec-
ond, Mrs. Chas. Arnold, Des Moines.
Work Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Arminta B. Nere, Kamrar;
second, Mrs. J. B. DeFrees, Des Moines; third, Gretchen Nicholas, Des
Moines.
FRENCH KNOT EMBROIDERY.
Pair Pillow Slips ($3, $2, $1) — First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines;
second, Mrs. R. Rasmussen, Audubon; third, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Centerpiece ($2, $1) — Second, Lucile Eichenlaub, Des Moines; third,
Mrs. Louise Smith, Des Moines.
Pair Towels ($2, $1) — First, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
M. Casidy, Des Moines.
Hot Roll Case ($1) — Second, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines.
Raby Dress ($3, $2) — First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines; second, Min-
netta Blue, Des Moines.
346 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Bed Spread ($5, $3, $2) — First, Margaret Hickenlooper, Des Moines;
second, Feme Botsford, Des Moines; third, Miss Edna Ham, Waukee.
Library Table Runner ($3, $2, $1) — First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines;
second, Ethyl A. Hayden, Des Moines; third, Feme Botsford, Des Moines.
Dresser Scarf ($2, $1) — First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines; second,
Ethyl A. Hayden, Des Moines.
Buffet Set ($3, $2, $1) — First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines; second,
Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines; third, Mrs. J. B. DeFrees, Des Moines.
Card Table Cover ($2, $1) — First, Ethyl A. Hayden; second, Nelle Arm-
strong, Des Moines.
Pair Curtains ($5, $3, $2) — First, Minnetta Blue, Des Moines; second.
Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines; third, Bud Decker Smith, Des Moines.
IVight Gown ($2, $1) — First, Minnetta Blue, Des Moines; second, Evelyn
Grand Pre, Des Moines.
Camisole ($2, $1) — First, Evelyn Grand Pre, Des Moines; second, Bud
Decker Smith, Des Moines.
Combination Suit ($2) — First, Minnetta Blue, Des Moine6.
BEAD WORK, STENCIL WORK
Bead Chain ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. M. Casidy, Des Moines; second, M. S.
Jones, Mitchellville.
Bead Purse ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. H. F. Grass, Des Moines; second, Mrs.
F. M. Jackson, Des Moines.
Bead Belt ($3, $2) — First, Mrs. M. Casidy, Des Moines; second, M. S.
Jones, Mitchellville.
Raffia Basket ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. Emma R. Roberts, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. W. C. Raney, Des Moines.
Pair Stenciled Portieres ($1) — Second, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny.
Stenciled Piano Scarf ($1) — Second, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny.
Stenciled Table Cover ($2) — First, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny.
Stenciled Cushion ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny; second,
Claude A. Patterson, Des Moines.
Stenciled Bag ($2) — First, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny.
Stenciled Scarf ($2) — First, Mrs. W. J. Porter, Ankeny.
Other Than Named ($3, $2) — First, Emma R. Roberts, Des Moines; sec-
ond, Mary Jane Bennison, Des Moines.
PROFESSIONAL LIST HAND PAINTED CHINA
Judge A. J. Hess.
Best Collection ($10, $6, $4) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower, Des Moines; second,
Francis B. Stevenson, Des Moines; third, Ada Borre, Des Moines.
Vase Over Twelve Inches ($4, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. E. L. Chew, Des Moines;
second, Ada Borre; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Water Pitcher ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs. E. L.
Chew; third, Ada Borre.
Smoker's Set ($3, $2) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Ada Borre.
Dresser Set, Three Pieces or More ($4, $3, $2) — First, Francis B. Stev-
enson; second, Ada Borre; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Bon-Bon Box, Covered ($3, $2, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second,
Mrs. Lake Bower; third, Mrs. E. L. Chew.
Sugar and Creamer ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs.
E. L. Chew; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Serving- Tray ($3, $2, $1) — First, Francis B.Stevenson; second, Mrs. Lake
Bower; third, Ada Borre.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 347
Set of Plates (Eight Inches or More) ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower;
second, Francis B. Stevenson; third, Mrs. E. L. Chew.
Candlestick ($2, $1, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Mrs. E. L.
Chew; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Tea Pot ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Francis B. Steven-
son; third, Ada Borre.
Open Bon-Bon ($2, $1, $1) — First, Francis Stevenson; second, Ada Borre;
third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Bread or Cake Plate ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs.
E. L. Chew; third, Ada Borre.
Whipped Cream Bowl ($2, $1, $1)— First, Mrs. R. L. Sterling, Des Moines;
second, Ada Borre; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Coffee or Chocolate Pot ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second,
Ada Borre; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Fancy Cup and Saucer ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Fran-
cis B. Stevenson; third, Ada Borre.
Decorated Tile ($2, $1, $1) — First, Ada Borre; second, Mrs. R. L. Sterling;
third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Chop Plate ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs. E. L.
Chew; third, Mrs. R. L. Sterling.
Bread and Butter Plates (Six Inches) ($3, $2, $1) — First, Francis B. Stev-
enson; second, Mrs. E. L. Chew; third, Mrs. R. L. Sterling.
Olive or Pickle Dish ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs.
R. L. Sterling; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Marmalade Jar and Plate ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second,
Mrs. R. L. Sterling; third, Ada Borre.
Nut Bowl (Six Individual Bowls) ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower;
second, Ada Borre; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Radish Tray ($2. $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Ada Borre;
third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Syrup Pitcher ($2, $1, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Mrs.
Lake Bower; third, Ada Borre.
Bread and Milk Set ($2, $1) — Second, Mrs. Lake Bower; third, Francis
B. Stevenson.
Cheese Plate ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs. E. L.
Chew; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Salad Bowl ($3, $2, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Mrs. Lake
Bower; third, Ada Borre.
Fruit Bowl ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs. R. L Ster-
ling; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Standard or Footed Compote ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson;
second, Ada Borre; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Relish Set ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Francis B.
Stevenson; third, Ada Borre.
Set Fruit Plates ($4, $2, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Mrs.
R. L. Sterling; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Card Receiver ($2, $1, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Ada
Borre; third, Mrs. E. L. Chew.
Vase, Under Twelve Inches ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second,
Francis B. Stevenson; third, Mrs. E. L. Chew.
Meat Set (Platter and Six Plates) ($4, $3) — Second, Francis B. Steven-
son; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Tumbler Coasters ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Ada
Borre; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
Milk Pitcher ($2, $1) — First, Ada Borre; second, Mrs. Lake Bower.
348 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Guest Room Set ($2, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Ada Borre.
Talcum Shaker ($2, $1, $1) — First, Ada Borre; second, Francis B. Stev-
enson; third, Helen Johnston, Des Moines.
Tea Pot Stand ($2, $1, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Ada
Borre; third, Mrs. Lake Bower.
Tea Caddy ($2, $1) — First, Francis B. Stevenson; second, Ada Borre.
Ice or Butter Tub ($2, $1.50) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Ada Borre.
Fernery ($3, $2) — First, Ada Borre; second, Francis B. Stevenson.
Original Conventional Design for Plate, Ten Inches ($3, $1.50) — First,
Francis B. Stevenson; second, Ada Borre.
Other Than Named ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. Lake Bower; second, Mrs.
E. L. Chew; third, Francis B. Stevenson.
AMATEUR LIST HAND-PAINTED CHINA
Best Collection ($6, $4, $2) — First, R. L. Thompson, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. E. H. Dukehart, Des Moines; third, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen, Des Moines.
Chocolate Pot ($4, $3, $2) — First, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; second, Mrs. Harry
Hartzler, Indianola; third, R. L. Thompson.
Comb and Brush Tray ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. J. C. Miller, Des Moines;
second, Edna "Wheeler, Des Moines; third, Mrs. S. P. Roscoe, Des Moines.
Perfume Bottle ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart, Des Moines;
second, R. L. Thompson; third, Edna Wheeler.
Spoon Tray ($2, $1, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson; second, Mrs. E. H. Duke-
hart; third, Mrs. Harry Hartzler.
Tea Pot ($3, $2, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson; second, Mrs. S. P. Roscoe;
third, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart.
Plates (8 Inches or More) Six ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mae Goodbarn, Des
Moines; second, Mrs. Harry Hartzler; third, Edith Vinsee Brownlie, Des
Moines.
Tete-a-Tete Set (3 Pieces) ($3, $2) — First, R. L. Thompson; second, Mrs.
E. H. Dukehart.
Bread and Milk Set ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart; second,
Mrs. Anna E. Shettle, Des Moines; third, Edna Wheeler.
Relish Set ($1.50, $1, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson; second, Mrs. Harry
Hartzler; third, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen.
Sugar and Creamer ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; second, Mae
Goodbarn; third, Mrs. Harry Hartzler.
Loaf Sugar Holder ($1.50, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart; second,
Mrs. J. C. Miller; third, Edna Wheeler.
Vase, Over Ten Inches ($4, $3, $2) — First, Edna Wheeler; second, R. L.
Thompson; third, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen.
Vase, Under Ten Inches ($3. $1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart; sec-
ond, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; third, Mrs. Harry Hartzler.
Decorated Tile ($2, $1, $1)— First, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; second, Edna Wheeler;
third, Mrs. J. C. Miller.
Set Cups and Saucers ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; second, Iven-
etta Stearns, Des Moines; third, Mrs. J. C. Miller.
Rose Bowl or Flower Holder ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mae Goodbarn; second,
R. L. Thompson; third, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart.
Covered Bon-Bon ($4, $3, $1.50) — First, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart; second,
R. L. Thompson; third, Edna Wheeler.
Olive Dish ($2, $1, $1) — First, Feme Botsford; second, Mae Goodbarn;
third, R. L. Thompson.
Desk Set ($1)— Third, Mrs. Anna E. Shettle.
Marmalade Jar and Plate ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart;
second, Mrs. Anna E. Shettle; third, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 349
Candlestick ($2, $1, $1) — First, Edith Vinsee Brownlie; second, Mrs.
Harry Hartzler; third, Edna Wheeler.
Nut Bowl ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson; second, Mae Goodbarn;
third, Mrs. Harry Hartzler.
Ma.von.tiai.so Bowl ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson; second, Mrs.
Harry Hartzler; third, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart.
Toast or Tea Set ($2, $1) — First, Mrs. F. M. Jackson, Des Moines; second,
Mrs. Anna E. Shettle.
Pitcher (Water or Lemonade) ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. S. P. Roscoe; sec-
ond, Mrs. Harry Hartzler; third, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart.
Tobacco Jar ($3, $2, $1) — First, Edna Wheeler; second, Mrs. Harry Hartz-
ler; third, Mrs. J. C. Miller.
Syrup Pitcher ($2, $1, $1) — First, Mrs. J. C. Miller; second, H. F. Ibsen;
third, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart.
Milk Pitcher ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, Mae Goodbarn; second, Edith Vinsee
Brownlie; third, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen.
Tumbler Coasters ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; second, Mrs.
J. C. Miller; third, Mrs. Anna E. Shettle.
Guest Room Set ($3, $1.50, $1) — First, Mrs. Harry Hartzler; second, Mrs.
H. F. Ibsen; third, Mrs. F. M. Jackson.
Open Bon-Bon ($2, $1, $1) — First. R. L. Thompson; second, Mae Goodbarn;
third, Mrs. S. P. Roscoe.
Chop Plate ($3, $1.50, $1)— First, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; second, Mae Good-
barn; third, Mrs. S. P. Roscoe.
Cake Plate ($3, $1, $1)— Firs*t, Edith Vinsee Brownlie; second, Mrs. Harry
Hartzler; third, R. L. Thompson.
Fernery ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mrs. F. M. Jackson; second, Mae Goodbarn;
third, Mrs. Anna E. Shettle.
Bread and Butter Plates (Six Inch) ($3, $2, $1) — First, Mae Goodbarn;
second, Mrs. S. P. Roscoe; third, Mrs. E. H. Dukehart.
Fruit Set (Bowl and Six Plates) ($3, $2, $1) — First, Edith Vinsee Brown-
lie; second, Mrs. Anna E. Shettle; third, Edna Wheeler.
Other Than Named ($3, $1.50, $1, $1) — First, R. L. Thompson; second,
Edith Vinsee Brownlie; third, Mrs. H. F. Ibsen; fourth, Feme Botsford.
GRAPHIC AND PLASTIC ART
Superintendent Prof. C. A. Cumming, Des Moines, Iowa.
Judge Dawson Watson.
Oil Painting ($80, $50, $40, $30)— First, Linn Culbertson, Des Moines;
second. Catherine McCartney, Iowa City; third, Alice McKee, Des Moines;
fourth, Velma Wallace, Des Moines.
Water Color Painting ($40, $25, $20) — First, Kate Keith Van Duzee,
Dubuque; second, Geo. F. White, Des Moines; third, Claude A. Patterson,
Des Moines.
Black and White or Monochrome Drawing ($30, $20, $15, $10) — First,
Margaret Hayes, Iowa City; second, Geo. S. S. Stout, Iowa City; third,
Alice McKee, Des Moines; fourth, Kate Keith Van Duzee, Dubuque.
Posters of a Pictorial or Decorative Design. ($30, $20, $15, $10) — First,
Geo. F. White, Des Moines; second, Louise Orwig-, Des Moines; third,
Mildred Cotnam, Des Moines; fourth, Claude A. Patterson, Des Moines.
Collection of Not Less Than Six or More Decorative Designs Other Than
Pictorial ($40, $25, $20, $15) — First, Bertha Shore, Des Moines; second, Claude
A. Patterson, Des Moines; third, Marie V. Wiley, Des Moines; fourth, Mrs.
J. P. Lorentzen, Des Moines.
350 TWBNT\Y-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
JUNIOR DIVISION
Oil Painting ($10, $8) — First, M. Holmes, Des Moines; second, Lela Nel-
son, Des Moines.
Water Color Painting ($10, $8) — First, Millicent Volz, Elkhart; second,
M. Holmes, Des Moines.
Black and White or Monochrome Drawing ($10, $8) — First, Katherine
Fulton, Des Moines; second, M. Holmes, Des Moines.
JUNIOR DEPARTMENT
Judge B. E. Heitzmann, Ames, Iowa.
CORN
Ten Ears White Corn (1921 Crop) ($5) — First, Fred Overly, Indianola.
Ten Ears Yellow Corn (1921 Crop) ($5, $3, $2, $1) — First, Willard Steen-
wyk, Mitchellville; second, Leland Taylor, Mitchellville; third, Keith Tay-
lor, Mitchellville; fourth, Wayne Taylor, Mitchellville.
APPLES
Judge C. W. Woodstock, Mondamin, Iowa.
Exhibit 3Inst Consist of a Plate Collection of Five Apples to the Plate*
at Least Six Varieties. Duplicate plates count one-half ($10, $6, $4) —
First, Fred Overly; second, McCallsburg Spraying Club, McCallsburg; third,
Roland Spraying Club, Roland.
Yellow Transparent ($1, 75 cents) — First, Fred Overly; second, Glen
Lehman, Hubbard.
Duchess (of Oldenburg) ($1, 75 cents) — First, Fred Overly; second,
Clair Shupe, Lacona.
Wealthy ($1, 75 cents) — First, Fred Overly; second, Glen Lehman.
Grimes Golden ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Fred Overly; second, Dale
Lester, Milo; third, Everl Briggs, Liberty Center.
Jonathan ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Fred Overly; second, Everl
Briggs; third, Guy Landy, Lacona.
Northwestern Greening ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Everl Briggs;
second, Glen Lehman; third, Fred Overly.
Salome ($1) — First, Glen Lehman.
AVinesap ($1) — First, Glen Lehman.
Ben Davis ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Clair Shupe; second, Fred
Overly; third, Glen Lehman.
Any Variety Not Listed, Price's Sweet ($1, 75 cents) — First, Fred Overly;
second, Glen Lehman.
Any Other Variety ($1, 75 cents) — First, Fred Overly; second, Glen Leh-
man.
Tolman's Sweet ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Dale Lester, Milo; sec-
ond, Guy Landy; third, Glen Lehman.
Lowell ($1, 75 cents) — First, Fred Overly; second, Glen Lehman.
Harry Komph ($1) — First, Glen Lehman.
Dora ($1) — First, Glen Lehman.
Minkler ($1) — First, Glen Lehman.
Flora Bell ($1) — First, Glen Lehman.
Wolf River ($1) — First, Glen Lehman.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 351
GARDEN EXHIBIT
Judge C. V. Holsinger, Ames, Iowa.
Water Color Posters Club Display of Six Posters Entered in the Name
of the Club by the Club Leader ($5, $3, $2, $1, $1, $1) — First, Garfield Gar-
den Club, Ottumwa; second, Norma Heald, Sioux City; third, Hedrick Gar-
den Club, Ottumwa; fourth, Lincoln Garden Club, Ottumwa; fifth, Stewart
School Garden Club, Ottumwa; sixth, Adams School Garden Club, Ot-
tumwa.
Pictures Cut Out and Pasted for Poster. Club Display of Six Posters
Entered in the Name of the Club by the Club Deader ($5) — First, Hedrick
Garden Club, Ottumwa.
Water Color Poster by Individual Club Member ($2, $1.50, $1, $1, $1, $1,
$1, $1) — First, Ethel Galey, Ottumwa; second, Freda Leving, Ottumwa;
third, Veronica Flactiff, Ottumwa; fourth, Joseph Means, Keokuk; fifth,
Vivian Salpin, Ottumwa; sixth, Helen Hildebrand, Ottumwa? seventh, Ger-
ald Roby, Ottumwa; eighth, Louise Snechting, Ottumwa.
Pictures Cut Out and Pasted by Club Member ($2, $1.50, $1, $1, $1, $1,
$1, $1) — First, Vivian Salpin; second, Emma Sloan, Ottumwa; third, Leota
Clements, Keokuk; fourth, Allen Bert Burk, Keokuk; fifth, Len Moffit,
Ottumwa; sixth, Grace Can, Keokuk; seventh, Florence Hunter, Ottumwa;
eighth, Warren Mow, Keokuk.
Club Display of Vegetables Entered in, the Name of the Club Leader
($12, $10, $5, $3, $2, $2, $2) — First, Ottumwa Garden Club, Ottumwa; second,
Mable Searl, Clarinda; third, M. H. White, Sioux City; fourth, Lincoln Gar-
den Club, Ottumwa; fifth, Jefferson Garden Club, Ottumwa; sixth, Adams
School Garden Club, Ottumwa; seventh, Agassy Garden Club, Ottumwa.
Display of Vegetables by Individual. Award Based Upon Winnings in
Posters and Vegetable Display ($7, $5, $3, $2, $1, $1, $1, $1) — First, Len
Moffit, Ottumwa; second, Alice Beck, Ottumwa; third, Maurice McDavitt,
Ottumwa; fourth, Fulton Neurock, Ottumwa; fifth, Myron La Pointe, Ot-
tumwa; sixth, Max Masmar, Clarinda; seventh, Lester Moffit, Ottumwa;
eighth, Howard Jones, Ottumwa.
SPECIAL PREMIUM
Winner of first place will be awarded a garden plow complete with at-
tachments by the Alexander Manufacturing Co., Ames. Paul Menefee,
Ottumwa.
SINGLE VARIETIES
Plate of Six Beets ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Paul Menefee; second,
Evelyn Edmund, Ottumwa; third, Maurice McDavitt.
Plate of Dry White Beans ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Alice Beck,
Ottumwa; second, Neal Rastofer, Clarinda; third, Celetha Haines, Ottumwa.
Plate of Other Dry Beans ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Ross Van Ness,
Ottumwa; second, Alice Beck, Ottumwa; third, Lester Moffit, Ottumwa.
Plate of String Beans ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Alice Beck, Ot-
tumwa; second, Myron La Pointe, Ottumwa; third, Maurice McDavitt.
Ottumwa.
Head of Cabbage ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Athol Smith, Ottumwa:
second, Myron La Pointe, Ottumwa; third, Alice Beck, Ottumwa.
Cucumbers (Slicing) Three or Five ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, George
Johnson, Clarinda; second, Florence Hunter, Ottumwa; third, Lorraine
Criswell, Ottumwa.
Cucumbers (Ripe) ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Mildred Shaffer, Clar-
inda; second, Charles McAlpin, Clarinda; third, James Landerback, Ot-
tumwa.
352 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Plate of Six Carrots ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Evelyn Edmund.
Ottumwa; second, Ralph Williamson, Clarinda; third, Athol Smith, Ot-
tumwa.
Pop Corn (Six Ears) ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Florence Hunter,
Ottumwa; second, Nellie Bloom, Ottumwa; third, Max Masmar, Clarinda.
Sweet Corn (Six Ears) ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Neal Rastofer,
Clarinda; second, De Lass Loudon, Clarinda; third, Mima Adams, Clarinda.
Ess Plant ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Fulton Neurock, Ottumwa;
second, Lorraine Criswell, Ottumwa; third, Myron La Pointe, Ottumwa.
Plate of Six Onions (White) ($1, 75 cents) — First, George Johnson, Cla-
rinda; second, Ross Van Ness, Ottumwa.
Plate of Six Onions (Red) ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Oliver Welch,
Clarinda; second, Max Masmar, Clarinda; third, Mima Adams, Clarinda.
Plate of Six Onions (Yellow) ($1) — First, Oliver Welch, Clarinda.
Parsnips, Plate of Six ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Paul Menefee, Ot-
tumwa; second, Nellie Bloom, Ottumwa; third, Fulton Neurock, Ottumwa.
Peppers, Red, Four Specimens ($1) — First, Marion Huff, Clarinda.
Peppers, Green, Four Specimens ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Charles
Green, Clarinda; second, Athol Smith, Ottumwa; third, Richard Kight,
Ottumwa.
Pumpkins ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First. Alice Beck, Ottumwa; second,
Myron La Pointe, Ottumwa; third, Nellie Bloom, Ottumwa.
Plate of Six Potatoes, Early Ohios ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Alice
Lehman, Clarinda; second, Richard Kight, Ottumwa; third, Fulton Neu-
rock, Ottumwa.
Plate of Any Other Variety ($1, 75 cents, 50c) — First, Charles McAlpin,
Clarinda; second, Charles Carey, Ottumwa; third, Paul Menefee, Ottumwa.
Plate of Dry Peas ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Max Masmar, Clarinda;
second, Harloff Olson, Clarinda; third, Alice Beck, Ottumwa.
Plate of Six Tomatoes (Red) ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Paul Mene-
fee, Ottumwa; second, Lester Moffit, Ottumwa; third, Alice Beck, Ottumwa.
Plate of Six Tomatoes (Pink:) ($1) — First, James Landerback, Ottumwa.
Plate of Six Tomatoes (Yellow) ($1, 75 cents, 50 cents) — First, Paul
Menefee, Ottumwa; second, Howard Jones, Ottumwa; third, Myron La
Pointe, Ottumwa.
Plate of Six Turnips ($1, 75 cents) — First, Richard Kight, Ottumwa;
second, . Clinton Edmonson, Ottumwa.
FARM RECORDS
( J. Working,
Judges • \ W. L. Harter.
Farm Rusiness Records (Entire Year) ($5, $3. $2, $2, $2, $1) — First,
Georgia Denhart, Mt. Ayr; second, Helen Buck, Mt. Ayr; third, Addie Beall,
Mt. Ayr; fourth, Wm. Fleming, Tingley; fifth, Geo. Kester, Tingley; sixth,
Howard Home, Mt. Ayr.
Farm Business Records (Seven Months) ($5, $4, $3, $2, $2, $2, $1, $1, $1,
$1, $1, $1, $1) — First, Howard Klinetop, Charles City; second, Stanley
Crook, Floyd; third, Clarence Hadenfeldt, Sioux Rapids; fourth, Maiden
Pullen, Whiting; fifth, David Way, Charles City; sixth, Keith G. Dempser,
Grinnell; seventh, Donald Andrews, Adaza; eighth, Addie Beall, Mt. Ayr;
ninth, Leroy Lesch, Rockford; tenth, Ruby Rivers, Charles City; eleventh,
Vera McNally, Floyd; twelfth, Derald Boyd, Whiting; thirteenth, Alton
Boyd, Whiting.
County Exhibit Records ($10, $7, $5) — First, Floyd County Farm Record
Club, Charles City; second, Monona County Farm Record Club, Onawa;
third, Ringgold County Farm Record Club, Mt. Ayr.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 353
CLOTHING
Cotton School Dress Suitable for a Tall, Slender Girl ($4, $3. $2, $2. $2.
$1) — First, Julia E. Brekke, Dewitt; second, Edna Rhoades, Sioux City;
third. Julia E. Brekke, Dewitt; fourth, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa; fifth,
Ralph Edwards, Clarion; sixth, Eloise Parsons, Winterset.
Cotton School Dress, Suitable for a Short, Very Stout Girl ($4, $3, $2,
$2, $2, $1) — First, Norma Heald, Sioux City; second, Monona County Farm
Bureau, Onawa; third, Avis Talcott, Malcom; fourth. Avis Talcott, Malcom;
fifth, M. E. Olson, Eldora; sixth, Mrs. Edith Barker, Davenport.
Cotton School Dress, Suitable in Color for a Club Girl, Accompanied by
Card Stating Color of Hair, Eyes and Complexion ($4, $3, $2, $2, $2, $1)
— First. Avis Talcott, Malcom; second, Gladys Martin, Sioux City; third,
Ruth English, Spencer; fourth, Montgomery County Farm Bureau, Red
Oak; fifth, Avis Talcott, Malcom; sixth, Mrs. Edith Barker, Davenport.
Dress Suitable for Party Wear by Girls Aged 16 to 18 Years ($4, $3, $2,
$2, $2, $1) — First, Monona County Farm Bureau, Onawa; second, Avis
Talcott, Malcom; third, Monona County Farm Bureau, Onawa; fourth,
Avis Talcott, Malcom; fifth, Mrs. Edith Barker, Davenport; sixth, Ralph
Edwards, Clarion.
Outfit of Wash Dress and Hat to Match ($8, $5, $3, $2, $2) — First, Venus
Merriam, Council Bluffs; second, Clara Anna Reid, Sioux City; third,
Lillian Shaben, Council Bluffs; fourth, Margaret Morrissey, Anamosa;
fifth, Lenora Grier, Van Clive.
Set of Three Pieces of Underwear, Suitable for Girls of Club Age Ac-
companied by Card Giving Age of Girl by Whom Garments Are to be Worn
($5, $4, $3, $2, $2, $2) — First, Monona County Farm Bureau, Onawa; second,
Ralph Edwards, Clarion; third, Laura L. Jones, Os-kaloosa; fourth, Edna
Rhoades, Sioux City; fifth, Cass County Farm Bureau, Atlantic; sixth,
Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa.
Exhibit of Clothing for Girls of Club Age, Consisting of Two Different
Undergarments, Two Articles of Outer Wearing Apparel and a Description
of Girl Who Could Wear Same ($10. $8, $5, $3, $2, $2) — First, Laura L.
Jones, Oskaloosa; second, Venus Merriam, Council Bluffs; third, Mrs. Edith
Barker, Davenport; fourth, Monona County Farm Bureau, Onawa; fifth,
Monona County Farm Bureau, Onawa; sixth, Helen Reid, Sioux City.
Corselette ($4, $3, $2, $1, $1) — First, Ben Walker, Maquoketa; second,
Venus Merriam, Council Bluffs; third, Venus Merriam, Council Bluffs;
fourth, Mrs. Edith. Barker, Davenport; fifth, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa.
Child's Dress, Made by Using Sewing Machine Attachments ($3, $2, $2,
$2, $1) — First, Mrs. Edith Barker. Davenport; second, Ralph Edwards,
Clarion; third, Julia E. Brekke, Dewitt; fourth, F. R. Vinegar, Allison; fifth,
Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa.
Made Over Outer Garment ($5, $4, $3, $2, $2, $1) — First, Ida Johnson,
Sioux City; second, Mrs. Edith Barker, Davenport; third Venus Merriam,
Council Bluffs; fourth, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa; fifth, Eloise Parsons,
Winterset; sixth, F. R. Vinegar, Allison.
Set of Two Posters Showing Silhouette of Artistic and Inartistic Hair
Dress for Club Girls ($3, $2, $2, $1, $1) — First, Fremont County Girls Can-
ning and Clothing Club, Farragut; second, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa;
third, Mrs. Edith Barker, Davenport; fourth, Venus Merriam, Council
Bluffs; fifth, Mrs. Edith Barker, Davenport.
Full Length Silhouette of Club Girl ($3, $2, $2, $1, $1) — First, Venus
Merriam, Council Bluffs; second, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa; third, Fre-
mont County Girls Canning and Clothing Club, Farragut; fourth, Edna
Rhoades, Sioux City; fifth, Avis Talcott, Malcom.
Poster Showing Proper and Improper Footwear for Club Girls ($3, $2, $2,
$1, $1) — First, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa; second, Mrs. Edith Barker,
Davenport; third, Mrs. Edith Barker, Davenport; fourth, Venus Merriam,
Council Bluffs; fifth, Donald Meinhard, Storm Lake.
23
354 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
HOUSE FURNISHING
judge Mary Ellen Brown, Lincoln, Neb.
One Piece of Refinished Furniture ($10, $8, $6, $5) — First, Laura L.
Jones, Oskaloosa; second, Madaline Chrisman, Eddyville; third, Laura L.
Jones, Oskaloosa; fourth, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa.
One Braided Rag Rug ($3, $2, $2) — First, Mary Phillips, Eddyville;
second, Edna Rhoades, Sioux City; third, Eloise Parsons, Winterset.
One Lampshade Suitable for a Girl's Room ($3, $2, $2, $1) — First, Laura
L. Jones, Oskaloosa; second, Own Your Own Room Club, Eddyville; third,
Edna Rhoades, Sioux City; fourth, The Jolly Six Club, Eddyville.
Floor Plan of Girls Room With an Accompanying Drawing Showing
How Room Might be Changed to Make It More Attractive, Useful and
More Easily Cleaned ($3, $2, $2) — First Edna Rhoades, Sioux City; second.
Own Tour Own Room Club, Eddyville; third, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa.
Group of Three Articles Including Bed Spread, Curtains for One Window,
Third Article Left to Choice of Exhibitor, All Suitable for Girl's Room and
Accompanied by Card Giving Room Exposure and Color Scheme Chosen
($10, $8, $6, $5) — First, Eloise Parsons, Winterset; second, The Jolly
Six Club, Eddyville; third, Own Your Own Room Club, Eddyville; fourth,
Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa.
CANNED PRODUCTS
Judge Mart Ellen Brown, Lincoln, Neb.
Exhibit of Canned Goods Which One Person Requires for One Year
($50, $35, $25, $15, $10, $6) — First, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa; second,
Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa; third. Eloise Parsons, Winterset; fourth, Eloise
Parsons, Winterset; fifth, Ever Ready Canning Club, Grimes; sixth, Mar-
shall County Canning- Club, Albion.
County Exhibit of Six Jars Canned Meats ($8, $6, $5, $3, $2, $2, $2, $2) —
First, Marshall County Canning Club, Albion; second, Edna Rhoades,
Sioux City; third, Dorothy Wilson, Grimes; fourth, Bernice Ferrell, Des
Moines; fifth, Cass County Farm Bureau, Atlantic; sixth, Pacia Cowgill,
Grimes; seventh, T. R. Miner, Donnellson; eighth, T. R. Miner, Donnellson.
County Collection of Six Jars Canned Goods Which Will Make a Well
Balanced Meal. Have a Menu Attached ($8, $6, $5, $3, $2, $2, $2, $2) —
First, Eloise Parsons, Winterset; second, Marshall County Canning Club,
Albion; third, Fremont County Girl's Canning and Clothing Club,. Farra-
gut; fourth, Eloise Parsons, Winterset; fifth, Gwen and Edna Simmons,
Guthrie Center; sixth. Marshall County Canning Club, Albion; seventh,
Mary McPherson, Des Moines; eighth, T. R. Miner, Donnellson.
County Collection of Six Jars of Canned Iowa Corn. Each Jar Contain-
ing a Different Variety of Corn or to Contain Different Combinations of
Foods Having Corn as a Foundation ($8, $6, $5, $3, $2, $2) — First, Mary
McPherson, Des Moines; second, Mildred Wilson, Grimes; third, Marshall
County Canning Club, Albion; fourth. Mildred Wilson, Grimes; fifth, Fre-
mont County Girls Canning and Clothing Club, Farragut; sixth, Fred
Overly, Indianola.
ACCOUNTS
PERSONAL RECORDS
Actual Record of Personal Expenses Covering a Four Months' Period
($3, $2, $2, $2, $2) — First, Venus Merriam, Council Bluffs; second, Pauline
M. Reynolds, Iowa City; third, Pauline M. Reynolds, Iowa City; fourth,
Avis Talcott, Malcom; fifth, Avis Talcott, Malcom.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 355
CLOTHING DEMONSTRATION
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
Clothing Demonstration Contest (Trip to International Stock Show, $20,
$15, $10) — First, Pauline M. Reynolds, Iowa City; second, Mrs. Edith
Barker, Davenport; third, Charlotte Kirchner, Muscatine; fourth, Julia E.
Brekke, Dewitt.
HOUSE FURNISHING DEMONSTRATION
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
House Furnishing Demonstration Team Contest (Trip to International
Stock Show, Trip to Mid-West Horticultural Show, $20, $15) — First, Edna
Rhoades, Sioux City; second, Marshall County House Furnishing Demon-
stration Team, Marshalltown; third, Eloise Parsons, Winterset; fourth,
Wapello County House Furnishing Demonstration Team, Ottumwa.
MEAL PLANNING AND SERVING
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
Meal Planning and Serving Demonstration Team Contest (Trip to Inter-
national Stock Show, Trip to Mid-West Horticultural Show, $20, $15) —
First, Lillian Shaben, Council Bluffs; second. Jones County Meal Planning
Team, Anamosa; third, Emma Sparks, Vinton; fourth, Edna Rhoades,
Sioux City.
BREAD MAKING DEMONSTRATION
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
Bread 3Iaking Demonstration Team Contest (Trip to International
Stock Show, $20, $15, $10) — First, Lillian Shaben, Council Bluffs; second,
Jones County Bread Team, Anamosa; third, C. C. Scott, Rockwell City;
fourth, Cass County Farm Bureau, Atlantic.
CANNING DEMONSTRATION
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
Canning Demonstration Team Contest (Trip to International Live Stock
Show, Trip to Mid-West Horticultural Show ($20, $15) — First, Marshall
County Canning Demonstration Team, Marshalltown; second. M. H. White,
Sioux City; third, Laura L. Jones, Oskaloosa; fourth, T. R. Miner, Don-
nellson.
CAKE MAKING DEMONSTRATION
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
Cake Making Demonstration Team Contest (Trip to International Live
Stock Show, $20, $12, $10) — First, Jones County Cake Making Demonstra-
ttio Team. Anamosa; second, Avis Talcott, Malcom; third. W. A. Geigher,
Guthrie Center; fourth, Cass County Farm Bureau, Atlantic.
Home Economies Club Sweepstakes (Marshall County Silver Trophy) —
Won by Mahaska County Home Economics Clubs.
CORN DEMONSTRATION
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
Corn Demonstration Team Contest ($15, $10) — First, Warren County Corn
Demonstration Team, Indianola; second, Monona County Farm Bureau,
Onawa.
APPLE SPRAYING DEMONSTRATION
Judge Florence Packman, Eagle Grove, Iowa.
Apple Spraying Demonstration Team Contest ($15, $10) — First, Story
County Spraying Club; second, Warren County Spraying Club, Indianola.
356 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
GARDEN DEMONSTRATION
Judge C. B. Woodstock, Mondamin, Iowa.
Garden Club Demonstration Team Contest ($15, $10) — First, Woodbury
County Garden Club, Sioux City; second, Wapello County Garden Club.
Ottumwa.
BEEF CLUB DEMONSTRATION
Judge H. W. Vaughn, St. Paul, Minn.
Beef Club Demonstration Team Contest ($15, $10, $10) — First, Boone
County Beef Club, Boone; second, Muscatine County Beef Club, Musca-
tine; third, Grundy County Beef Club, Grundy Center.
POULTRY CLUB DEMONSTRATION
( W. H. Lapp, Ames, Iowa.
| H. E. Bittenbender, Ames, Iowa.
Poultry Demonstration Team Contest ($15, $10, $10) — First, Adams County
Poultry Club, Corning; second, Appanoose County Poultry Club, Center-
ville; third, Polk County Poultry Club, Des Moines.
SHEEP CLUB DEMONSTRATION
Judge P. S. Shearer, Ames, Iowa.
Sheep Demonstration Team Contest ($25, $20, $15, $10) — First, Adams
County Sheep Club, Corning; second, Poweshiek County Sheep Club, Mal-
com; third, Story County Pure Bred Ewe and Lamb Club, Ames; fourth,
Jefferson County Sheep Club, Fairfield.
BOYS' AND GIRDS' JUDGING CONTEST
"$600 Awarded in Scholarships ($175, $150, $125, $100, $25, $25) — First,
Clarence Clark, Clarion; second, John Wells, Waterloo; third, Walter
Weiss, Denison; fourth, Rowland Caldwell, Oskaloosa; fifth, Joe Bruns,
Milford; sixth, Clyde Knight, Clarion.
BOYS' AND GIRLS' TEAM JUDGING CONTEST
First, Iowa Championship Judging- Team, Trophy and free trip to the
Interstate Fair at Sioux City, offered by the Interstate Fair Association;
second to sixteenth, inclusive, $12.00 each paid by the Iowa State Fair) —
First, Wright county; second, Franklin county; third, Grundy county;
fourth, Buena Vista county; fifth, Dickinson county; sixth, Crawford
county; seventh, Black Hawk county; eighth, Pocahontas county; ninth,
Mitchell county; tenth, Warren county; eleventh, Polk county; twelfth,
Henry county; thirteenth, Adair county; fourteenth, Muscatine county;
fifteenth, Mahaska county; sixteenth, Woodbury county.
EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT
Superintendent F. A. Welch.
( Mrs. A. Loftus, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
( D. M. Kelley, Colfax, Iowa.
DIVISION NO. 1
Rural School Work
Set of Eight Freehand Paper Cuttings by Two or More Pupils Develop-
ing form (Should be in Colored Paper) ($2.50, $1.55, $1) — First, Polk
county, Carney Mining Camp; second, Dallas County, County College, Adel;
third, Polk county, Norwoodville Camp, Des Moines.
Set of Four Freehand Cuttings by Two or More Pupils Illustrating
Story ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County, Woodside Mining Camp; sec-
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 357
ond, Polk County, Youngstown; third, Polk County, Center Beaver Town-
ship, Des Moines.
Set of Four Paper Foldings, or Paper Foldings and Construction, by Two
or More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County, Cambell Rural, Des
Moines; second, Polk County, Hicks Rural, Des Moines; third, Polk County,
Ward School, Allen Township, Des Moines.
Set of Four Number Papers by Each of Two Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) —
First, Fremont County, Sidney, Iowa; second, Polk County, Norwoodville Min-
ing Camp, Des Moines; third, Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason
City, Iowa.
Set of Six Free-hand Cuttings, for Poster Effects (Colored Paper) by
Two or More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County, Pine Grove Rural,
Des Moines; second, Palo Alto County, County College, Emmetsburg; third,
Dallas County, County College, Adel.
Drawing in Crayon or Water Colors, to Develop Form, Such as Fruits
or Other Object Forms, by Two or More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First,
Dallas County, County College, Adel; second, Palo Alto County, County Col-
lege, Emmetsburg; third, Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason City.
Set of Four Booklets or Other Pieces of Simple Construction by Two or
More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Clayton County, Elkader; second,
Polk County, Youngstown; third, Polk County, Hicks Rural, Des Moines.
Set Spelling Papers from Actual Class Wrork, by Each of Four Pupils
($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County, Pine Grove Rural School, Des Moines;
second, Jefferson County, Fairfield; third, Fremont County, Sidney.
Set Illustrated Number Papers from Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Polk County, Oralabor Mining Camp; second, Jasper County,
Newton; third, Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason City.
Map of County by Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Palo
Alto County, County College, Emmetsburg; second, Dallas County, County
College, Adel; third, Polk County, Oralabor Mining Camp.
Set Two Dressed Dolls, by Each of Two Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First,
Fremont County, Sidney; second, Dallas County, County College, Adel;
third, Polk County, Oralabor Mining Camp.
Set Eight Studies in Form and Objects in Composition, Crayon or Water
Color, By Two or More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50) — First, Cerro Gordo County,
County College, Mason City; second, Dallas County, County College, Adel.
Set Four Landscapes, Black and W7hite, Color or Paper, By Two or
More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50) — First, Dallas County, County College, Adel;
second, Palo Alto County, County College, Emmetsburg.
Set Four Posters to Promote Civic Beauty or Kindness to Animals, By
Two or More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50) — First, Polk County Ward School, Allen
Township, Des Moines; second, Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason
City.
Set Spelling Papers From Actual Class Work, By Each of Four Pupils
($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Fremont County, Sidney; second, Jefferson County,
Fairfield; third, Polk County, Norwoodville Camp, Des Moines.
Set Illustrated Number Papers, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50) — First,
Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason City.
Map of Iowa, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50. $1.50) — First, Fremont
County, Sidney; second, Dallas County, County College, Adel.
Product Map of United States, By Pupil or School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) —
First, Dallas County, County College, Adel; second, Jasper County, New-
ton; third, Polk County, Pleasant Valley, Des Moines.
Collection of Ten or More Iowa Woods (Named and Mounted, Showing
Bark and Grain) By Pupil or School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Clayton
County, Elkader; second, Warren County, County College, Indianola;
third, Jefferson County, Fairfield.
358 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Water Color, Ten Iowa Birds, Showing Habits, Nests, Etc., By Pupil
or School ($2.50, $1.50) — First, Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason
City; second, Polk County, Hicks Rural School, Des Moines.
Set Two Posters to Promote Citizenship, Involving Pose and Costumes,
By Two Pupils ($2.50, $1.50) — First, Cerro Gordo County, County College,
Mason City; second, Jefferson County, Fairfield.
Set of Two Drawings or Posters to Promote Home and Community
Sanitation and Civic Beauty, By Each of Two Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) —
First, Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason City; second, Dallas
County, County College, Adel; third, Clayton County, Elkader.
Set of Two Drawings From Objects, Interior or Landscape, Involving
the Principles of Perspectives (Black and White or In Color or Paper)
By Two or More Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Jasper County, Newton;
second, Dallas County, County College, Adel; third, Fremont County, Sid-
ney.
Set Page Specimens of Penmanship, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Cerro Gordo County, County College, Mason City; second, Palo
Alto County, County College, Emmetsburg; third, Fremont County, Sidney.
Six Drawings In Physiology, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1)
First, Dallas County, County College, Adel; second, Palo Alto County,
County College, Emmetsburg; third, Warren County, County College, In-
dianola.
Collection Ten or 3Iore Iowa Grains and Grasses (Named and Arranged)
By Pupil or School ($2.50) — First, Fremont County, Sidney.
Collection Ten or More Troublesome Weeds of Garden or Farm (Named
and Arranged) By Pupil or School ($2.50) — First, Fremont County, Sidney.
Set Ten or More Useful Knots, Named With Statement of Some Good
Place to Use Each and Why, Rope % to % Inch In Size, By Pupil or
School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Dallas County, County College, Adel; sec-
ond, Fremont County, Sidney; third, Warren County, County College,
Indianola.
Essay on Subject "Good Citizenship" By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50)
— First, Polk County, Oralabor Mining Camp; second, Dallas County, County
College, Adel.
Wood Work Collection, Including Toys, Etc., By Pupil or School ($2.50,
$1.50, $1) — First, Jasper County, Newton; second, Ringgold County, Mt.
Ayr; third, Polk County, County College, Des Moines.
Illustrated Booklet, Any Subject ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County,
Marquisville Mining Camp; second, Jefferson County, Fairfield; third, Cerro
Gordo County, County College, Mason City. .
DIVISION NO. 2
Graded School Work
Free-hand Paper Cuttings to Develop Form, In Colored Paper, By Eight
Pupils ($2.50, $1.50. $1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Hamilton
County, Kamrar; third, Polk County, Bondurant.
Free-hand Paper Cuttings Illustrating Story, By Eight Pupils ($2.50,
$1.50, $1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Hamilton County, Kam-
rar; third, Shelby County, St. Josephs School, Earling.
Paper Foldings or Paper Foldings and Construction, By Eight Pupils
($2.50, $1.50. $1) — First. Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County,
Runnells; third, Polk County, Bondurant.
Drawing In Crayon or Water Color, to Develop Form, By Eight Pupils
($2 50, $1.50, $1) — First, Hamilton County, Kamrar; second, Polk County,
Runnells; third, Polk County, Urbandale School, Des Moines.
Set Two Dressed Dolls, By Two Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Dallas
County, Waukee; second, Hamilton County, Kamrar; third, Fayette County,
Oelwein.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 359
Studies in Form, and Objects in Composition (Crayon or Water Color)
By Eight Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second,
Johnson County, Oxford; third, Polk County, Runnells.
Landscapes, Black and White or in Color, By Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Polk County, Bondurant; second, Hamilton County, Kamrar;
third, Fayette County, Oelwein.
Posters to Promote Civic Beauty of Kindness to Animals, By Four
Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Adair County, Orient; second, Shelby
County, Earling-; third, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Booklets and Other Forms of Construction, Involving Elements of Bind-
ing, By Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Hamilton County, Kamrar;
second, Polk County, Bondurant; third, Polk County, Runnells.
Set Spelling Papers From Actual Class Work, By Each of Four Pupils
($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Fayette County,
Oelwein; third, Adair County, Orient.
Set Page Specimens of Penmanship, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Polk County, Runnells; second, Adair County, Orient; third,
Fayette County, Oelwein.
Set Illustrated Number Papers, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Polk County, Urbandale, Des Moines; second, Johnson County,
Oxford; third, Polk County, Bondurant.
Health Poster 10x12 Inches, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) —
First, Adair County, Orient; second, Fayette County, Oelwein; third, Ap-
panoose County, Centerville.
Map of Iowa, By Each of Two Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Hamilton
County, Kamrar; second, Shelby County, Earling; third, Webster County,
Callender.
Map of County, By Each of Two Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Hamilton
County, Kamrar; second, Polk County, Bondurant; third, Webster County
Callender.
Product Map of United States, By Pupil or School ($2.50. $1.50, $1) —
First, Cedar County, Stanwood; second, Polk County, Bondurant; third,
Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Collection Ten or More Iowa Woods (Named and Mounted, Showing Bark
and Grain) By Pupil or School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Hamilton County,
Kamrar; second, Polk County, Bondurant; third, Warren County, Indianola.
Set Language Papers, Illustrated By Each of Six Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1)
— First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County, Bondurant; third,
Adair County, Orient.
Original Poem of Not Fewer Than Four Stanzes, By Pupil ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Appanoose County, Centerville; second, Hamilton County, Kam-
rar; third, Cedar County, Stanwood.
Posters to Promote Citizenship, Involving Pose and Costuming, By Each
of Four Pupils ($2.50) — First, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Drawings or Posters to Promote Community Sanitation and Civic Beauty,
By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County, Farrar;
second, Hamilton County, Kamrar; third, Adair County, Orient.
Drawings From Objects, Interior or Landscape, Involving Principles of
Perspective (Black and White, or In Color) By Each of Eight Pupils ($2.50,
$1.50, $1) — First, Fayette County, Oelwein; second, Dallas County, Waukee;
third, Polk County, Runnells.
Construction In Cardboard Involving Covering, Lining and the Simple
Elements of Binding, Such As Book Cover, Kodak or Post Card Album.
Calendar, Scrap Basket, Etc., By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50) —
First, Polk County, Bondurant; second, Polk County, Runnells.
Six Drawings In Physiology, By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1) —
First, Appanoose County, Centerville; second, Fayette County, Oelwein;
third, Polk County, Bondurant.
360 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Collection Ten or More Iowa Grains and Grasses (Named and Arranged)
By Pupil or School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Warren County, Liberty Cen-
ter; second, Hamilton County, Kamrar; third, Adair County, Orient.
Collection Ten or More Troublesome Weeds of Garden or Farm (Named
and Arranged by Pupil or School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Adair County,
Orient; second, Dallas County, Waukee; third, Polk County, Bondurant.
Set Ten or More Useful Knots, Named, With Statement of Some Good
Place to Use Them and Why, Rope % to % Inch In Size, By Pupil or
School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Washington County, Washington; second,
Johnson County, Oxford; third, Adair County, Orient.
Set Three Samples of Darning, By Each of Three Pupils ($2.50, $1.50) —
First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Collection Three Garments Made by Each of Three Pupils ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Hamilton County, Kamrar; second, Cedar County, Stanwood;
third, Dallas County, WTaukee.
Original Poem of Not Fewer Than Four Stanzas, By Pupil ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Webster County, Callender; second, Dallas County, Waukee;
third, Adair County, Orient.
Essay on Subject "Good Citizenship," By Each of Four Pupils ($2.50,
$1.50, $1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County, Bondurant.
Collection of Wood Work Including Toys, Etc., By Pupil or School
($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County, Bondurant; second, Dallas County,
Waukee; third, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Set United States Maps Showing Territory and Growth, By Each of Four
Pupils ($2.50, $1.50, $1)— First. Adair County, Orient; second, Hamilton
County, Kamrar; third, Johnson County, Oxford.
Illustrated Booklet, Any Subject ($2.50. $1.50, $1) — First, Fayette County,
Oelwein; second, Palo Alto County, Emmetsburg; third, Fremont County,
Sidney.
DIVISION NO. 3
High School. Work
Set Agriculture Notebooks, One by Each of Four Students ($2.50, $1.50
$1) — First, Webster County, Lanyon; second, Polk County, Bondurant;
third, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Set Physics Notebooks, One by Each of Four Students ($2.50, $1.50, $1)
— First, Polk County, Bondurant; second, Polk County, Runnells; third,
Adair County, Orient.
Set History Notebooks, One by Each of Four Students ($2.50, $1.50, $1)
— First, Polk County, Bondurant; second, Hamilton County, Kamrar;
third, Dallas County, Waukee.
Set Geometrical Propositions With Demonstrations and Drawing, One
By Each of Four Students ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Story County, Nevada;
second, Adair County, Orient; third. Polk County, Farrar.
Set Papers on Topic "How My Home Economics Work Has Been Ap-
plied In the Home,'' One By Each of Four Students ($2.50, $1.50) — First,
Polk County, Farrar; second, Webster County, Callender.
Set Charcoal Drawings, One By Each of Four Students ($2.50) — First,
Polk County, East High, Des Moines.
Set Water Colors, One By Each of Four Students ($2.50, $1.50) — First,
Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County, East High, Des Moines.
Set Drawings, Shades and Shadows, Any Medium, One By Each of Four
Students ($2.50, $1.50) — First, Polk County, East High, Des Moines; sec-
ond, Dallas County, Waukee.
Set of Designs for Book Cover, One By Each of Four Students ($2.50,
$1.50) — First, Polk County, East High, Des Moines; second, Hamilton
County, Kamrar.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 361
Set of Posters on Health or Sanitation, One By Each of Four Students
($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Polk County, East High, Des Moines; second, Dallas
County, Waukee; third, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Collection Ten or More Iowa Weeds (Named and Arranged) Showing
Bark, Grain and Heart, By Student or School ($2.00, $1.50) — First, Hamil-
ton County, Kamrar; second, Shelby County, Earling.
Collection Ten or 3Iore Troublesome Weeds (Named and Arranged) By
Student or School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Harrison County, Missouri Val-
ley; second, Dallas County, Waukee; third, Shelby County, Earling.
Collection Showing Six or More Insects (Named and Mounted) Showing
Effects of Work of Insect, By Student or School ($2.50) — First, Hamilton
County, Kamrar.
Collection of Important Current Events Including Cartoons, Etc., By
Student or School ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Webster County, Lanyon; second,
Dallas County, Waukee; third, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Set Maps Showing Important Phases of American History or Foreign'
History, By Each of Four Students ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Hamilton
County, Kamrar; second, Polk County, Farrar; third, Humboldt County,
Bradgate.
Original Poem, Not Fewer Than Six Stanzas, By Student ($2.50, $1.50,
$1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Hamilton County, Kamrar;
third, Webster County, Callender.
Essay on Subject ''Why Nations Should Prefer Peace, and How," By
Student ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First. Polk County, Bondurant; second, Cedar
County, Stanwood; third, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Best Kept Bookkeeping Set of Books, By Each of Four Students ($2.50)
First, Shelby County, Earling.
Best Sketch of Home School Plant Including Buildings and Grounds, By
Each of Two Students ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee;
second, Hamilton County, Kamrar; third, Polk County, Farrar.
Essay on Topic "Best Solution for Foreign Immigration Question," By
Student ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Cedar County, Stanwood; second, Polk
County, Bondurant; third, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Exhibit of Pen Art Work, Any Division ($2.50, $1.50, $1)— First, Polk
County, East High, Des Moines; second, Appanoose County, Centerville;
third, Dallas County, Waukee.
Illustrated Booklet, Any Subject ($2.50, $1.50, $1) — First, Hamilton
County, Kamrar; second, Polk County, Bondurant; third, Humboldt County,
Bradgate.
DIVISION NO. 4.
Manual Arts.
Set Mechanical Drawings, One by Each of Four Students ($4, $3, $1) —
First, Appanoose County, Centerville; second, Cedar County, Stanwood;
third, Dallas County, Waukee.
Set Small Articles in Wood Work, by Student or School ($4, $3) — First,
Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County, Bondurant.
Set Large Articles in Woodwork (Furniture, Etc.), by Student or School
($4, $3, $1) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County, Bondur-
ant; third, Polk County, Runnells.
Set Useful Articles in Wood Turning, One by Each of Three Students ($4)
— First, Appanoose County, Centerville.
Set House Dresses, One by Each of Four Students ($4,. $3) — First, Polk
County, Bondurant; second, Dallas County, Waukee.
Booklet on "School Girl's Wardrobe" (Should Illustrate Complete Ward-
robe for a Year) One by Each of Four Students ($4, $3, $1) — First, Polk
County, Bondurant; second, Hamilton County, Kamrar; third, Dallas
County, Waukee.
362 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
Display of Millinery Work, by Each of Four Students ($4, $3)— First,
Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County, Farrar.
Drawing of Best Arranged Kitchen, With Reasons Given for Such Ar-
rangement, One From Each of Four Students ($4) — First, Dallas County,
Waukee.
List of Menus for Average Family for One Week (State Whether for
Rural, Small Town or City Conditions), One by Fach of Four Students
($4, $3) — First, Polk County, Bondurant; second, Adair County, Orient.
Drawing From Some Actual Farmstead in Neighborhood, One From Fach
of Three Students ($4) — First, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
Applied Record for Farm Crops Class, One From Each of Three Students
($4, $3, $1) — First, Polk County, Bondurant; second, Clayton County, Straw-
berry Point; third, Warren County, Liberty Center.
Selected Exhibit in Manual Training, by Student or School ($4, $3, $1) —
First, Dallas * County, Waukee; second, Polk County, Bondurant; third,
Story County, McCallsburg.
Selected Exhibit in Domestic Science, by Student or School ($4, $3, $1) —
First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Polk County, Runnells; third, Polk
County, Bondurant.
Three Designs in Pen Art Work by Student or School ($4) — First, Dallas
County, Waukee.
Best Display of Printing Done by School (May Include Job Printing,
School Paper, Etc., but Not "High School Annual") ($4) — First, Hamilton
County, Kamrar.
DIVISION NO. 5.
Manual Arts.
Exhibit of Photographs by Rural One-Room School ($5, $3) — First,
Jasper County, Newton; second, Cerro Gordo County, Mason City.
Exhibit of Photographs by Consolidated School ($8, $5, $2) — First,
Boone County, Jordon; second, Dallas County, Waukee; third, Polk County,
Bondurant.
Exhibit of Photographs by Other Systems of Schools, in Towns of Less
Than Five Thousand Population ($8) — First, Hamilton County, Kamrar.
DIVISION NO. 6.
Collective Exhibits.
Rural One-Room School Making Collective Exhibit, Entry by Teacher
or by County Superintendent ($8, $6, $4) — First, Pottawatamie County,
Council Bluffs; second, Dallas County, Adel; third, Jefferson County,
Fairfield.
Standard Rural One-Room School Making Collective Exhibit, Entry by
Teacher or by County Superintendent ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, Jasper County,
Newton; second, Warren County, Indianola; third, Jefferson County, Fair-
field; fourth, Polk County, Hicks, Des Moines.
Mining Camp School (Must be School so Recognized by State Depart-
ment of Public Instruction), Exhibit Must be Confined to Grade Work;
Entry by Teacher or Superintendent ($8, $6, $4, $2) — First, Polk County,
Oralabor Mining Camp; second, Polk County, Marquisville Mining Camp;
third, Polk County, Carney Mining Camp; fourth, Polk County, Norwood-
ville Mining Camp, Des Moines.
Consolidated School Making Collective Exhibit, Entry by Superintendent
($20, $15, $10, $5) — First, Dallas County, Waukee; second, Adair County,
Orient; third, Polk County, Bondurant; fourth, Warren County, Liberty
Center.
Town School (Other Than Consolidated and of Less Than Two Thousand
Population) Making Collective Exhibit, Entry by Superintendent ($20,
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 363
$15, $10, $5) — First, Hamilton County, Kamrar; second, Webster County,
Callender; third, Worth County, Joice; fourth, Mahaska County, Fremont.
County Making- Collective Exhibit of Rural One-Room Work, Entry by
County Superintendent ($20, $15, $10, $5) — First, Cerro Gordo County,
Mason City; second, Jasper County, Newton; third, Jefferson County,
Fairfield; fourth, Warren County, Indianola.
BABY HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Superintendent Mrs. S. E. Lincoln, Des Moines, Iowa
RURAL.
Boys, 12-24 Months — First, Willis McBride, Polk City, 95.3; second,
Richard Handsaker, Nevada, 94.8; third, Wilford B. Burkett, Minburn, 93.7;
fourth, John Herwehe, Monroe, 93.4.
Boys, 24-36 Months — First, Victor E. Swift, Gilman, 95.5; second, Harold
Morris, Waukee, 93.6; third, Max Richards, Swan, 92.5; fourth, Clarence
Moffitt, Ashworth, 92.
Girls, 12-24 Months — First, Mary Steggall, Murray, 95.5; second, Christine
Daniel, Murray, 94.6; third, Evelyn McClaine, Adelphi, 94.5; fourth, Mary
Largent, Valley Junction, 94.4.
Girls, 24-36 Months — First, Doris Vaughn, Rolfe, 95.5; second, Nedra
Burkhardt, Stratford, 95.3; third, Jane Bullington, Runnells, 94.3; fourth,
Margaret Masters, Beacon, 93.8.
CITIES LESS THAN 10,000.
Boys, 12-24 Months — First, John Weaver, Ames, 96.2; second, Leon
Heckert, Ames, 95.75; third, Don Minert, Ames, 95.75; fourth, Lyman
Roberts, Corydon, 94.6.
Boys, 24-36 Months — First, Richard Hummell, Ames, 96.1; second, Lyle
Sterrett, What Cheer, 95.8; third, Roy Houser, Centerville, 95.7; fourth,
George Munger, Osage, 94.1.
Girls, 12-24 Months — First, Betty King, Clear Lake, 97.2; second, Martha
Harvey, Adel, 96.6; third, Janice Hamilton, Indianola, 95.5; fourth, Marian
Flint, Humboldt, 94.9.
Girls, 24-36 Months — First, Josephine Gripp, Afton, 99.1; second Elizabeth
Young, Waukee, 97.7; third, Delberta Olafson, Stanhope, 95.8; fourth, Mar-
jorie Morrill, Waukee, 95.6.
CITIES OVER 10,000.
Boys, 12-24 Months — First, Hubert Roe James, Des Moines, 96.5; second,
John E. Hanson, Des Moines, 96.4; third, John R. Jones, Des Moines, 96;
fourth, Joel Boersema, Des Moines, 95.9.
Boys, 24-36 Months — First, Earl W. Olson, Des Moines, 95.5; second,
Benton Van Horn, Des Moines, 95.2; third, Keith Kelley, Des Moines, 93.5;
fourth, John Robert Liggett, Des Moines, 93.4.
Girls, 12-24 Months — First, Joy Haskins, Des Moines, 96.1; second, Mary
H. Macomber, Des Moines, 94.6; third, Marjorie Way, Des Moines, 93.9;
fourth, Ruth Agnes Corey, Des Moines, 93.8.
Girls, 24-36 Months — First, Doris Strater, Des Moines, 95.4; second,
Dorothy Dyson, Des Moines, 95.3; third, Jean Fluke, Des Moines, 95.2;
fourth, Gwendolyn McCannon, Des Moines, 95.1.
Sweepstake Boy, 12-36 Months — Hubert Roe James, Des Moines, 96.5.
Sweepstake Girl, 12-36 Months — Josephine Gripp, Afton, 99.1.
364 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IV
IMPROVEMENT CLASS.
Rural.
Boys, 24-36 Months.
Score Gain
First, Dwight Moser, Dallas Center 91.9 2.1
Second, Clarence E. Moffitt, Ackworth 92. 1.9
Third, Max Jack Richards, Swan 92.5 1.8
Fourth, Gordon McConnell, Waukee 88.9 1.7
Girls, 24-36 Months.
Score Gain
First, Nedra lone Burkhardt, Stratford 95.3 1.4
Second, Jean Louise Shelhart, Ankeny 92.3 .2
CITIES LESS THAN 10,000.
Boys, 24-36 Months.
Score Gain
First, W. Ray Houser, Centerville 95.7 5.1
Second, George Kellar, Huxley 92. .3
Girls, 24-36 Months.
Score Gain
First, Marjorie Morrill, "Waukee 95.6 4.8
Second, Janice Fardal, Stanhope 88. 4.5
Third, Esther Iverson, Stanhope 93.5 2.2
Fourth, Norma Crowder, Grinnell 92.8 .9
CITIES OVER 10,000.
Boys, 24-36 Months.
Score Gain
First, Robert Briggs Frink, Des Moines 90.4 4.5
Second, William Henry Marshall, Des Moines 92.8 1.8
Girls, 24-36 Months.
Score Gain
First, Margery Emma Hart, Des Moines 93.6 5.
Second, Doris Janet Strater, Des Moines 95.4 .6
Third, Lilla Rossiter, Des Moines 92.9 .1
Improvement Champions.
Score Gain
Champion Boy, W. Ray Houser, Centerville 95.7 5.1
Champion Girl, Emma Margery Hart, Des Moines 93.6 5.
HORSESHOE PITCHING TOURNAMENT.
MEN'S NATIONAL HORSESHOE PITCHING TOURNAMENT.
Gold medal and $250, Gold Medal and $150, Gold Medal and $100, $75,
$50, $40, $35, $30, $215, $25, $20, $20, $20, $20, $20, $20 — First, Frank Lundin;
New London; second Frank Jackson, Kellerton; third, Lyle Brown, Des
Moines; fourth, R. P. Spencer, Picher, Okla. ; fifth, E. R. Plogman, Conroy;
sixth, Billy Crick, Independence, Mo.; seventh, Harold Taylor, Akron, Ohio;
eighth, Geo. May, Akron, Ohio; ninth, C. C. Davis, Columbus, Ohio; tenth,
Elzie Ray, Shenandoah, eleventh, H. E. Jackson, Kellerton; twelfth,
Christ Erickson, Beresford, S. D.; thirteenth, J. F. Walls, Missouri Valley;
fourteenth, E. M. Crank, Wilburn, 111.; fifteenth, P. W. Bair, Kansas City,
Kan.; sixteenth, C. F. Jackson, Kellerton.
AWARDS IOWA STATE FAIR 365
WOMEN'S NATIONAL, HORSESHOE PITCHING TOURNAMENT.
Gold Medal and $25, Gold Medal and $20, Gold Medal and $15, $10, $10,
$10, $5, $5 — First, Mrs. C. A. Lanham, Bloomington, 111.; second, Mrs. Mayme
Francisco, Muskegon, Mich.; third, Mrs. C. D. Young, Minneapolis, Minn.;
fourth, Mrs. Chas. Heimbaugh, Akron, Ohio; fifth, Mrs. Alex Cumming,
Minneapolis, Minn.; sixth, Mrs. John Dahl, Minneapolis, Minn.; seventh,
Mrs. G. Brouillette, Minneapolis, Minn.; eighth, Mrs. Allen Hay, Minne-
apolis, Minn.
MEN'S IOWA STATE HORSESHOE PITCHING TOURNAMENT.
Gold Medal and $75, Silver Medal and $40, $30, $25, $25, $20, $20, $15 —
First, Frank Lundin, New London; second, Lyle Brown, Des Moines; ftiird,
E. R. Plogman, Conroy; fourth, Elzie Ray, Shenandoah; fifth, O. H. Raines,
Knoxville; sixth, Claus Hoodjer, Wellsburg; seventh, H. H. Holmes, Storm
Lake; eighth, Geo. Rogers, Newell.
SPELLING CONTEST.
Gold Medal and $25, Silver Medal and $15, $10, $10, $10, $10, $10, $10, $10,
$10, $5, $5, $5, $5, $5, $5, $5, $5 — First, Lyle Pleshek, State Center; second,
Beulah Gorden, Centerville; third, Mary Scott, Lacey; fourth, Thorvald
Jessen, Dolliver; fifth, Gertrude Vanderpol, Sully; sixth, Hilda Palmquist,
Knoxville; seventh, Thorvald Peterson, Storm Lake; eighth, Dorothy Reiff,
Danville; ninth, Harold Kearns, Fairfield; tenth, Charles Reading, Churdan;
eleventh, Raymond Shulz, Fort Dodge; twelfth, Blanche Pierce, Iowa Falls;
thirteenth, Anna Ketelsen, Bryant; fourteenth, Nora Floistad, Ossian; fif-
teenth, Earl Crawford, Arlington; sixteenth, Darwin C. Rogers, Oakland;
seventeenth, Mary T. Pigott, Waukon; eighteenth, Cleone Caldwell, Wash-
ington.
PART V
Fourth Annual Convention, Iowa Farm Bureau
Federation, Des Moines, Iowa, January
11-12, 1923
EXCERPTS FROM THE OPENING ADDRESS
BY PRESIDENT C. W. HUNT
The Iowa Farm Bureau Federation has justified its four years of ex-
istence, four years that tried the metal of the farmer to the limit of en-
durance. It has demonstrated to the world that its mission was to pro-
mote and protect the interests of the Iowa farmer. The organization
came into being when every one was drunk with the seeming prosperity
that followed in the wake of war. Speculation was in the air, and every-
one breathed its intoxicating aroma. Promoters seized the opportunity
to induce the Iowa farmer to invest his money and liberty bonds in
questionable stock and worthless securities, with the result that millions
of dollars were taken away from agriculture and squandered. It was your
state organization that first sensed the danger, and its influence in sound-
ing the alarm through the county Farm Bureaus was an important factor
in bringing an end to this unexampled period of extravagance and
financial waste.
Cost Accounting Project Proves Value
Believing in the theory that the thrifty and industrious farmer is en-
titled to cost of production plus a fair profit, the Iowa Farm Bureau
Federation, co-operating with the Iowa State College, took up the study
of cost accounting on the farm. Today we have three years of cost-of-
production figures on Iowa farms that have furnished an unanswerable
argument to convince the rest of the world that the farmer must have
a higher price level and a larger buying power or go under.
These figures were introduced as evidence by Secretary Cunningham
and Dr. E. G. Nourse of the Iowa State College, and clinched the argu-
ment before the Interstate Commerce Commission hearing in the grain
rate reduction case, and were largely responsible for a reduction of 11 V2
per cent in freight rates on grain and hay.
Legislative Activities Many and Effective
In the field of legislation the Federation was instrumental in defeating
a measure which would have placed a large additional burden of taxes
upon farm lands; it defeated the enactment of a sales tax; declared
that taxes should be paid out of income, instead of out of capital;
legalized co-operative marketing, in order that farmers might co-operate
in selling their products without danger of being jailed; provided financial
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 367
relief for crop failure in the northwest; brought to life the War Finance
Corporation that it might loan money to tide agriculture over the period
of financial stringency; forced the enactment of the Haugen Packer-
Stock Yards Control Act which had been buried in the committee for
years; passed the Capper-Tincher Grain Act; set in motion a program
of farm-to-market highways that would give the farmer a good road
to his town, rather than an ocean-to-ocean thoroughfare for the tourist.
Many other agricultural bills are under consideration. In addition to
national legislation some of the states have been active in behalf of
agriculture, Iowa in particular taking the lead two years ago by passing
eighteen bills designed to improve conditions for the farmers of the
state.
Organize Credit Corporation
We early decided that a system of agricultural credit, national and
state, should be worked out, and we found that special legislation was
necessary before anything could be done in that line. Accordingly laws
were enacted by the Thirty-ninth General Assembly of Iowa legalizing a
state agricultural finance corporation, following which the Iowa Farm
Bureau Federation co-operated with the Iowa State Bankers' Association
in organizing the Iowa Farm Credit Corporation.
Organization of this corporation was undertaken with the indorsement
of bankers all over the country, from Des Moines to Chicago and Wash-
ington. But there came a change. Indorsement was withdrawn. Ap-
proval changed to opposition. Financiers evidently feared the new
plan would advance the independence of the farmer and give him
cheaper credit, and they began to use every possible opportunity to dis-
credit the plan and hamper the promotion work of the corporation.
Lowered Rate of Interest on Loans
But the work went on. In spite of organized opposition from every
side the required amount of stock was sold, all legal requirements com-
plied with, and today the corporation is doing business under a charter
from the State of Iowa. It is not doing the volume of business it should
do, and would do if it had the support it is entitled to from financial in-
terests. But with all the handicaps it has had the effect of lowering
interest rates on farm loans at least 1 per cent throughout the state, and
in many cases has lowered interest rates on short-time loans.
So we can say the Iowa Farm Credit Corporation is a going concern.
Its capital is working for the Iowa farmer. It is not overstating the
truth to say that the credit corporation has saved more than a million
dollars to the farmers of the state within the last year. With proper
support from the farmers it will do much more in the years to come.
The corporation has no high-salaried officers, and the entire expense of
promotion from beginning to date has cost less than 10 per cent of the
capital stock sold. All claims and expenses are paid, and there is a
healthy surplus on hand.
Livestock Marketing Plans Perfected
Since our last meeting a year ago the Livestock Marketing Plan has
been put in active operation with selling agencies at St. Louis, Peoria,
368 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
Chicago, Indianapolis and Buffalo. Every one of these agencies has made
rapid progress, and today they hold first place in their respective markets.
They are a success in every way, and should have better support from
farmers and feeders than they have received so far. You want co-opera-
tive marketing, and you should have it as fast as it can be intelligently
worked out, but you must support it when offered if it is to succeed.
The Iowa Farm Bureau Federation has done its full share in establish-
ing a co-operative marketing system for livestock, both in lending money
and in the administration of its affairs.
One year ago I said I would like to offer you a word of encouragement
for the immediate future, but suggested that the business world was too
sick to recover soon. In the sense that I intended it that statement
proved true. The business world is still sick. No man can tell when or
how far the European countries will come back. Let us hope that they
will be able to regain their economic balance and adopt a program of
thrift and industry. If they do they will come back rapidly, and even-
tually pay their debts to the United States. They must work out their
own salvation, or at least show us that they are in earnest for the good
of all before we can afford to lend more assistance toward their recovery.
Confidence will come to the business interests of the United States the
minute it is felt that Europe is really on the road to recovery.
Many Problems Yet to be Solved
Marketing is the greatest problem the farmer has to meet. Others
have to do with freight rates, interest and taxes. But if the farmer can
once get a price for his products that will net a reasonable return on
his investment he will have the means to enjoy some of the pleasures of
life without worrying continually about interest and payments on the
mortgage.
Co-operative marketing is the only way group selling by farmers can
be made possible. Co-operative marketing, then, should be our largest
and most important work. Its progress is likely to be slow, for the
reason that farmers do not yet fully realize the necessary elements of
unity in selling.
On the whole we have made excellent progress. The Federation has
done a great work and justified its existence. We cannot expect miracles
when selfishness is everywhere so thoroughly entrenched. It will take
time to educate and mould public opinion along right lines. It has been
said that necessity is the mother of invention; likewise necessity is the
compelling force that changes the course of industry. We are not seeking
to overthrow the present marketing system and agencies, but we are
trying to apply the principles of co-operation to that system, in the hope
that it will eliminate some of the evils that have been absorbing the
profits of our business.
The past four years has developed leaders in every county. Better
still it has developed followers, not followers to trail blindly after their
leaders, but followers who have thought out the situation for themselves,
and who now follow because of enthusiasm born of knolwedge, showing
that they are sold on the work and are willing to support the organization
and make success possible.
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 389
REVIEWING THE LAST YEAR
BY SECRETARY CUNNINGHAM
The year 1922 opened with the farmers of the State facing a most dis-
tressing outlook. Farm products were selling below cost of production,
and the condition of the average farmer was discouraging. During the
early part of the year there developed a strong agitation against the
high rate of taxation. This agitation being so unreasonable in its rep-
resentation the membership soon began to doubt the sincerity of Its
sponsors, and investigation developed that it was a well directed effort
toward demoralizing and destroying the Farm Bureau organization.
Resolutions identical in purport, prepared in advance, were invariably
presented, one of its objects being to reduce taxation by doing away with
the County Agent.
This unreasonable and unjust attack soon spent its force, and as the
prejudice it had engendered subsided the Federation undertook through
a series of charts and compilations to lay the whole tax question and all
State expenditures for public account before our membership. This in-
formation, apparently appreciated by the membership, soon had its effect
upon the taxpayer who could see no hope for relief from burdensome
taxation if it required such expensive methods of publicity where the
amount involved but thirty-three cents on every $100 in taxes paid.
There is no reason for discouragement on the part of any one con-
nected with the organization. The year has brought many encouraging
changes, and none of them more welcome than the fact that farm prod-
ucts in Iowa, with few exceptions, are selling at a price equal to the
cost of production, and in some instances leaving a margin of profit.
Credit is somewhat easier, and, on the whole, conditions with the farmer
at the beginning of 1923 are most hopeful.
There must be no letting down on the part of our membership in the
future. We must carry on and in no half-hearted way. There is much to
be done. While we have every reason to believe and feel that the crisis
has passed, it should not be taken as an indication that an era of un-
bounded prosperity has been ushered in and that any one would be
justified in indulging in extravagant practice. Let us all try and remem-
ber for all time to come the experiences of the past three years.
Board of Directors
The Board of Directors in the past have not had the opportunity to es-
tablish an efficient working relationship with their members. Only those
who happen to be officers of the County Farm Bureaus have been able to
acquire the contact so necessary to make for efficient service. We would
recommend that the director be invited to attend county and township
board meetings, and that his services as speaker at the county and town-
ship meeting be sought. Through such service the rank and file of our
membership could be well informed at all times, and in return the di-
rector could be better informed on all subjects concerning the welfare
of the county.
24
370 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
Executive Committee
The Executive Committee as in the previous years has given thorough
consideration to the business of the organization. The number of meet-
ings held by the board totalled one hundred thirty-two. Every re-
sponsibility devolving upon the board as the governing body of our
organization has been fully accepted and faithfully carried out by each
individual. We would recommend that the County Farm Bureaus es-
tablish a closer relationship with the Executive Committee. The two
district meetings held annually have been very helpful and have been
the means of giving the members of the board a better understanding of
the real needs of future activities.
President
The President has carried for the greater part of the year just closed
a far greater responsibility than ever before. The Secretary's time being
occupied so largely in endeavoring to untangle the affiairs of the U. S.
Grain Growers, Inc., it fell to the President to assume largely the re-
sponsibility of the Secretary. This duty was cheerfully performed, and,
so far as it was humanly possible, every activity was fully supervised.
This added burden necessarily interfered to some extent with the field
duties of the President, but the spirit of co-operation and harmony that
prevailed in the Federation office in which every employe assumed added
responsibilities and duties without regards to days and hours of added
labor made it possible to carry through the program of work for the year
without added expense. The President attended many County Farm
Bureau meetings, conferences and hearings in which the interest of the
farmers was involved. In addition, there is a constant demand upon his
time by the outside public. To maintain our public relationship with all
interests requires a keen perception as to what constitutes courteous con-
sideration as distinguished from selfish individual desires. The President
has always been able to differentiate between such requests in a manner
to prevent entangling alliances or serious embarrassments.
Secretary
We have as Secretary-Treasurer given the closest attention to the
business of the Federation during the past year. The wise expenditure
of our funds has been our first concern. The amount of dues paid by
the individual member is not sufficient to carry on all of the activities
that are demanded of us. We have never hesitated in assuming the re-
sponsibility of protecting the farmers' interests even though it required
the expenditures from the reserve fund. We have never been able to
reduce the amount of our expenditures to fifty cents per capita, which we
are paid. During the year 1922 we were allowed a budget of $92,000 and
our total expense, according to report hereto attached, shows an ex-
penditure of $70,952.37, a saving on our estimated budget of $21,074.63
for the year.
I am of the opinion that we have probably reached the lowest possible
amount that the work can be done for if we are to continue to carry on
as strong as we have in the past. Every year there has been contingent
expenditures to meet that could not be avoided, and if you will permit
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 371
me to forecast as to your future needs, it would be that the expense of
your organization will increase rather than decrease. You might well
offer some criticism in particular cases for our refusal to allow larger
expenditures to be made, but you must not overlook the fact that we are
a state-wide organization and our policies must be to serve the State as a
whole, and too often requests are made for the expenditures of our re-
serves for the benefit of local communities on problems that are purely
local in character.
The question of collection of dues is one that must have most serious
consideration. We have a very small number of cancellations of mem-
bership. In this respect we have no cause for complaint, but for three
years there has been a slightly increasing number of protested checks
each year. The bank should be asked to honor the check where there
are funds to meet it. If this cannot be done, arrangements should be
made to collect through other agencies.
Organization
Throughout the year the requests for speakers have been heavy. We
have tried to meet every request so far as possible. For three years we
have furnished many speakers for county, township and community
meetings, and in addition numerous meetings are being held annually
with commercial bodies and business interests throughout the State.
The meetings have had the best of effect in developing leadership in
our organization. It is rare indeed when a community does not have its
own speakers for the monthly meetings, and the ladies are probably
furnishing more outstanding leadership than the men. The list below
will give the names of speakers and number of speaking dates during the
past year:
No. No.
Name Meetings Counties Attendance
Hunt 75 52 50,000
Coupe 44 28 15,859
Hearst 34 17 14,300-
Pedersen 249 36 65,965
Huntley 81 33 57,575
Soeth 105 38 53,674
Mrs. Richardson 112 38 93,400
Fisher 105 45 11,735
Nordhausen 60 29 7,680
Inman 38 13 9,260
Latta 23 4 480
Heline 30 13 5,865
Taylor 12 6 2,900
Lynam 33 13 940
Kitch 5 4 146
Hansman 8 5 825
Coverdale v 4 3 160
Mackie 17 4 1,550
Total 1,035 392,314
372 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
We would recommend that an organization man or committee be pro-
vided by each county board whose duty it shall be to give close attention
to organization work and the collection of its membership dues.
Women's Work
Early in the spring there was organized a state-wide women's com-
mittee consisting of the following named ladies representing their re-
spective districts:
Congressional
District Name Address
First Mrs. F. Lee Davis Montrose, Iowa
Second Mrs. Don B. Seaman Davenport, Iowa
Third Mrs. W. M. George Janesville, Iowa
Fourth Mrs. W. E. Bouck Mason City, Iowa
Fifth Mrs. W. A. Tanner Palo, Iowa
Sixth Mrs: Clarence Decatur Grinnell, Iowa
Seventh Mrs. Jacob Solberg Nevada, Iowa
Eighth Mrs. Harley Condra Seymour, Iowa
Ninth Mrs. Gene Cutler Logan, Iowa
Tenth Mrs. W. Van Bloom Dayton, Iowa
Eleventh Mrs. John Wilkin Correctionville, Iowa
No piece of Farm Bureau work has ever met with more general ap-
proval than the activities carried on by the ladies. The women's work
should have more serious consideration and closer co-operation from
the Farm Bureau boards, for their work is unquestionably the most
stabilizing influence in the organization. No problem of the home can
be solved without the aid of the women, and all problems of the farm
concern them. The farmer with his farm problem and his wife with
the home and family problem should form the basis of a true working
relationship and be the incentive for the most harmonious co-operation
within the ranks of a farm organization.
Legislation
The Legislative Committee has been checking over the Code Com-
mission bills and working on legislative matters that will need attention
by the present General Assembly. The committee being fully advised
as to the necessity for decreased taxes recognizes that this can only be
accomplished by a decreased expenditure and will endeavor to have all
appropriations reduced to actual necessities.
Live Stock Department
The work on behalf of the live stock interests for the past year has
been to emphasize the co-operative marketing as outlined in the National
Live Stock Producers Association which adopted the plan of the Com-
mittee of Fifteen. This work was directed by Mr. Sar. His report shows
that one hundred eighty different shipping associations asked for his
service, and that every assistance possible was rendered such associations
on any question pertaining to their live stock marketing problems.
At the last annual meeting of the I. F. B. F. a resolution was adopted
directing the officers to use their influence and power in perfecting the
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 373
co-operative marketing projects under consideration. As a consequence
by co-operating with the National Producers Board of Directors and the
Mid-West Federations there has been established the following terminal
Live Stock Commission houses: St. Louis, Chicago, Peoria, Indianapolis,
Buffalo and Fort Worth. At Cleveland and Sioux City boards of directors
have been elected and commission houses will be opened in a short
time. Every house establshed is functioning very efficiently and mak-
ing money for its patrons.
Credit Corporation
The Farm Credit Corporation (I mention this because at your last an-
nual session through a resolution adopted you directed the Federation
to give it full co-operation) has a capitalization of over one million and
is functioning as well as it can under handicaps of the most malicious
and unwarranted opposition on the part of financial interests of the State.
We can assure you that cost of organization, which was so widely
heralded as wildcat promotion scheme, has not been excessive. The
total, including office expense, and all commission, has been less than
10 per cent, and there is a creditable surplus on hand at this time. The
real benefits that have come to our people in the main have been from
the fact that the rates have been reduced in many instances to meet
the rates of the Credit Corporation.
Transportation
The railroad situation has brought an unusual number of complaints on
account of car shortage. Much relief has been secured at particularly
congested points through the co-operation given by the Transporation
Department of the A. F. B. F. The Iowa State Railway Commission and
the A. F. B. F. called us into the rate cases involving the differentials on
grain rates. At the hearing held in Des Moines, Dr. E. G. Nourse of
Ames, and President C. W. Hunt appeared as material witnesses on be-
half of the shippers in this case. As in former cases involving tariffs on
grain, the cost of production records were extensively used to establish
relationship and facts involving the high freight rates, as well as the
necessity and justice of the differentials. Further reduction in excessive
freight rates has been our constant effort.
Cost of Production
The Cost of Production Committee has carried on the work in its usual
thorough manner. Dr. E. G. Nourse, head of the Agricultural Economics
Department, has supervised the work while George Warrick and C. L.
Holmes have directed the work and compiled the records. This work
has probably established its value more quickly in the public mind than
any other work ever attempted. When first presented before the Inter-
state Commerce Commission in the rate hearing a year ago, it was
accepted with much hesitancy. Now the records seem to have become
a necessity in all matters wherever the question of Farm Economics
seems to have a part.
County Agricultural Agent
Our working relationship with the County Agricultural Agents and
Home Demonstration Agents continues very satisfactory and pleasant.
374 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
The past year has been most trying to all engaged in these activities.
Early in the year there appeared to exist amongst the membership a
spirit of indifference, brought on no doubt by the continued low prices for
farm products, which was causing the strongest hearted to falter. Added
to this was the well directed campaign of false and malicious propa-
ganda carried on by those who were unfriendly to the organization and
sought to capitalize the discontent into active opposition to the County
Agent. The last four months have brought a complete reversal of senti-
ment on the part of the public, which has come to recognize the absurd-
ity of the arguments used against the organization. The Farm Bureau
membership is now more firmly grounded and its value to the business
of agriculture more firmly established than ever before. The County
Agents as a whole have been efficient in their work, and a constructive
influence in every community. The County Agent should be encouraged
in every effort to carry on. The opposition has not ceased. It in fact
has doubled its efforts, and we must meet the issue squarely.
TRANSPORTATION PROBLEMS
BY C. B. HUTCHINGS
We are thinking a great deal about transportation and agriculture to-
day. You have had your attention called to the importance of agriculture
itself, to the capital investment in it, which aggregates $78,000,000,000.
After agriculture we can set up against that figure as the nation's sec-
ond industry that of transportation.
You have all heard of the valuation fixed on the railroads by the Inter-
state Commerce Commission as being in excess of $18,000,000,000, and
we are told that since that time improvements will bring the figure up
close to $20,000,000,000. But the railroads are not our only means of trans-
portation, and so we have to add to that figure the value of motor trucks,
improvement of highways, waterways, water terminals, steam ships, etc.,
and when you have gotten all through with these various facilities of
transportation you have run that figure up to $40,000,000,000. So these
two, agriculture and transportation, are the nation's leading industries.
One hundred years ago the farmer who lived twenty-five miles from
market did one thing and one thing only — he provided for his own living.
He had no way to ship out the surplus. But today you men of Iowa find
your markets 100, 500, 1,000, or perhaps 4,000 miles away, because you
have available means of transportation that will take your produce to
those markets. Industry and transportation are inevitably woven to-
gether, and agriculture as the nation's leading industry is deeply inter-
ested in it.
Have Two Ends in View
It has been our endeavor to co-operate with all who will co-operate with
us in securing justice for the farmer. We have worked with the state
railroad commissions to a marked degree. I am- frank to say to you, not
merely because I am in the State of Iowa but because it is a fact, that
the Iowa Commission and the Iowa representatives have been working
as cordially with us as any two people could work together. I want to
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 375
bear tribute to the worth and value of their assistance, and we in turn
have tried to be of assistance to them.
We have had in our work two particular ends in view. In the first place
we want adequate service. We believe that the farmer is entitled to ship
his products at the time the market is satisfactory to him. Possibly the
car shortage which we all experienced this past fall has forced upon us
orderly marketing before we expected to get it. Our car shortage has not
been entirely an unmixed evil. But the proper way to get orderly mar-
keting is not to have a pair of steel bands put around our wrists. We
want to get it in an orderly way.
In the next place, with our idea of adequate service, any step which
might lead to a reduction in what service we have at present would do
more damage than good. Accordingly we have worked along the lines
of preserving to you all the benefits of transportation which are the
result of private initiative, and of keeping the service which we have at
present and improving it if possible and making for more reasonable
prices. Like any other good organization we have set up for ourselves
certain very definite projects which we have tried to accomplish.
Iowa Figures Serve Good Purpose
You all know what happened generally with regard to rates. I want to
go back to 1921 and show you how this thing has developed, slowly and
gradually but decidedly for the benefit of the farmer. When we began
our work we found pending before the Interstate Commerce Commission
a complaint that the rates on livestock were such that the farmer could
not continue to produce if those rates continued in effect. It seemed
better for us to co-operate than to go off on some other kind of scheme
in working out this problem.
We presented our case and got a decision that the rate on livestock
over 100 pounds should be reduced 20 per cent, and that no rate so re-
duced should be less than 50 cents. It didn't look like much on the face
of it, but it amounted in the aggregate to $7,000,000 a year. The impor-
tant thing, however, was not the $7,000,000. While economic conditions
were not the dominating factors they at least represented one factor that
must be considered in the procuring of reasonable rates in the trans-
portation of goods. The very day that principle was announced the
Farm Bureau and the state commissions were in Washington trying the
western grain and hay case. We fought that case to a finish and the
decision saved the farmers of the West $38,000,000.
The testimony which the Iowa Farm Bureau presented through Mr.
Cunningham and Professor Nourse was one of the most valuable bits of
evidence that we had. Our success in that case showed us that with,
accurate figures and definite knowledge it is possible to secure results.
When we go before the carriers, or before the commissions, with noth-
ing but opinions it is a waste of time and we might just as well have
stayed at home. The work that we have been doing in digging out these
facts is essential, and I am glad that you are planning to continue this
work.
376 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
Secure Further Rate Reductions
Right on the heels of this proposition President Howard went to the
railroad officials and said: "Gentlemen, we appreciate your needs, the
necessities of your investors, but we want you also to appreciate the
needs of agriculture." He secured a reduction of 10 per cent in the rates
on agricultural products and commodites in carloads which had not been
covered by previous reductions. It meant to the farmers of America
$55,000,000.
As a result of the insistence of the Farm Bureau and others the Inter-
state Commerce Commission presently started an investigation with
regard to the level of rates on all commodities, and what should be a
proper rate of return to the carriers. As Commissioner Lewis has
pointed out to you today, the 5% per cent provision of the law expired
February 28, 1922. It was therefore the duty of the commission to fix
what should be the rate of return. These things came up for investi-
gation. The farmer had just received two or three reductions, and we
confined our attention to the question of what should be the proper rate
of return. We hadn't gone very far before the expression of the com-
missioners from the bench convinced us that we were absolutely right.
When the decision was announced and made effective as of July 1, it
was found to contain a reduction of 10 per cent on all of the products
not previously mentioned.
Study Rates on Mixed Shipments
Aside from these general propositions there have been others in which
we have been working. Iowa, like every other livestock state, is in-
terested in the rate on mixed carloads of livestock. The present rule
provides that rates shall be charged at the highest rate applicable to any
stock in the car. Interstate shipments run 12,000 pounds on sheep,
17,000 on hogs, and 22,000 on cattle. Your rates run up the other way.
The lowest rate is on cattle, perhaps 10 or 15 per cent higher on hogs,
and about 20 or 25 per cent higher on sheep. Suppose you mix a car
with all three. You then pay the highest rate, the sheep rate, and you
are charged for the highest minimum weight, which is 22,000 pounds.
Now, it has been our position that it is a physical impossibility to get
that much weight into a car, therefore there is no reason in the world
why we should pay for something that is physically impossible to ac-
complish. It has been our position that the carriers, although they say
so, do not actually maintain this rule as to other commodities where it is
physically impossible to make such a loading.
The hearing was held before the commission in February, 1921. The
complaint was drawn by the National Livestock Exchange, and at the
hearing the carriers found a joker in it — it was possible by sticking a
goat into the carload of cattle or hogs to beat the railroad. We want
to play square with them. Accordingly at the argument we took the
position that if the ruling which the complainant asked for was not a
proper one we were willing that the commission should set one that
would relieve us of this injustice. But, when we got a decision on
July 1 of last year, we found that about the first thing in there was
that the rule proposed permitted of fraudulent mixtures. Therefore, we
cannot approve of it.
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 377
Case Still Further Postponed I
We suggested a rule that each kind of stock should be carried at its
own weight and rate. The commission said that would be a very good
rule if we could find the weight at the country station, and we couldn't
adopt that. So they told us to apply practically the highest charge which
would accrue on any kind of stock in the car if that car were moved in
straight carloads. We thought that would run about two, or three, or
four million dollars a year to the shippers of the country, and the order
was to become effective August 19. Somehow the carriers didn't like it,
and they came with a petition to have it reargued or reheard. The com-
mission said, "We will consider that and give you an answer October
19. Meanwhile we will postpone the effective date." About the fifth
of October they said they would have the case reargued. We kept work-
ing along hoping to get results, and finally they said they would set
it for January 19, and now it is postponed to February 1.
Discriminatory Rates in the South
I want to tell you something about the livestock down in the southeast.
Here in Iowa you have had a mileage scale for thirty-four years, but the
railroads didn't do business that way down there. They made the rates
low at competitive points and high elsewhere. Where a railroad com-
peted with them a low rate was in effect, and all points between gotj
a high rate. Those rates were established in 1891 and had not been
changed except for the general increases since that time. In 1915-16 the
Interstate Commerce Commission began to press the carriers to get
rates on some kind of reasonable basis, and they have been working on
that since.
About the first of last year the carriers filed some tariffs proposing
rates on livestock which purported to comply with the decisions of the
commission. We made an examination of these proposed tariffs and
found that they represented increases running from 45 to 95 per cent.
County Farm Bureaus, State Farm Bureaus, state commissions, livestock
exchanges, individual shippers, the American Farm Bureaus, all went
to Washington with their protests. We got those tariffs postponed; had
a hearing on it at Louisville on September 12. We got a provision of
a two-for-one rule which we had never had in the South. We got a pro-
vision on minimum weights that was low, 16,000 on hogs, and in addition
we got a set of rates which iron out the inequalities, and we defeated
the increases they were after.
One thing more on that: It was the unanimous testimony of all the
people who worked together in that case, and we had representatives
of the packers, of the livestock exchanges, the state commissions, and
of the various state organizations, it was the unanimous testimony of
all those people that it was the work of the Farm Bureau that put the
thing over.
Problems of Freight Car Distribution
The thing that stands out largest in the minds of the people this year
is the matter of car service. I don't need to tell you that we had a car
shortage. People asked where the cars were. Every state seemed to
378 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
be obsessed with the idea that some one else had its cars. The com-
plaints came from the Dakotas, from Illinois, from Iowa, Ohio and from
Nebraska. You people loaded your cars and they went east. The people
of Illinois load their cars and they go east. The people of Nebraska
•load cars and they go east. Sometimes as much as 70 per cent of the
business is east-bound, and nothing to bring it back. On October 1 the
figures showed that box cars on some of the lines in the eastern sections
were 80 per cent in excess of cars owned, while in this section they were
13 per cent less than the cars owned. Somebody down there had the
cars, and one of the things we did was to press the American Railway
Association and the Interstate Commerce Commission to get those cars
back home where they belong.
The peak of car ownership came in April, 1920, with approximately
2,300,000 cars. We have today 76,000 less cars in the country than there
were at that time. Actually less cars with more business to handle.
Further, if you put it on the basis of serviceable cars, the latest figures
indicate that we are about 212,000 cars short of what we were two and
one-half years ago.
In January, 1922, we were loading about 650,000 to 700,000 cars a week.
For about ten weeks last fall we were loading in excess of 950,000
cars a week. Another thing: The average weight per car fell off a ton
in a year. Now, a ton doesn't look very large but when you multiply
it by a million cars a week, you will see that we are using a lot more
cars than we ought to.
Will Push Marketing Projects This Year
Marketing is our big problem for next year. Marketing is the farmer's
critical problem. This whole thing of transportation can be solved in
one of two ways. Farm prices and transportation costs are out of joint.
If we can get farm prices up, or transportation costs down, put them
in better relationship, then we have got the answer. The transportation
department is working on one end in getting transportation costs down,
while our marketing activities are getting the farmer's prices up. We
don't propose to take any chances by only working one end. Further,
our transportation work is trying to dovetail into the marketing work at
every possible angle.
It is only fair that we should do this. If we try to get cars for a co-
operative livestock shippers' association, isn't it only fair that the ship-
ping association should patronize the Producers' Company at the terminal
market? We have written a letter to co-operators in which we say:
"We have gotten you these cars — do you intend to ship to the Pro-
ducers?" We are waiting to see what the results will be. Play fair,
that's the thought.
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CO-OPERATION
BY SENATOR BROOKHART
I think if there was any incident in my life that distinctly started me
on the road to the United States Senate it occurred in this room three
years ago at the State Farm Bureau convention. I came down here to
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 379
oppose an endorsement of the railroad law. It wasn't long after that
meeting until those who were interested in the subject began urging me
to become a candidate for the United States Senate. I never up to that
time had met a labor leader, except one, one from my home town, War-
ren S. Stone, the grand chief of the engineers. But I defended labor
against the attempt, as it seemed to me, to drive them toward involun-
tary servitude in making their right to strike a criminal offense. After
that meeting I found that I had made friends of labor everywhere.
I still think, my friends, that the greatest question of this generation
involves the common people — those who produce by the work of their
hands as well as their brain, upon the farm and in the factory, and that
the great question is that they should unite in economic and political
co-operation.
Why a Farmer-Labor Combination
I went down to Washington City a year ago in July as a special rep-
resentative of the Farmers' Union. I went for the purpose of making
the opening statement to the joint committee of Congress that was in-
vestigating agriculture for the farmers of the United States. In that
statement I said to the committee that I believed producing labor on the
farm and in the factory and everywhere should co-operate together for
their economic and political rights. I said that labor was the principal
customer of the products of the farm, and I said that the farmer was
the biggest customer of the products of labor. Then I set out that of
the dollar which the laboring man paid for the products of the farm,
the farmer gets 38 cents.
It was challenged. A New York millionaire on that committee thought
that kind of talk was worse than bolshevism. I said it was the best
estimate that I could get, and I said it was the duty of the committee to
investigate an important fact like that and give us something authorita-
tive, something that can be quoted and used with confidence. They
spent five or six months investigating that and other questions. At the
end of the investigation the committee reported that I was wrong. Yes,
that joint committee of Congress reported that out of the dollar which
the laboring man pays for products of the farm the farmer gets 37 cents.
Cost of Distribution Is Excessive
When you turn that proposition around, and the farmer becomes the
customer of labor, buying in the United States more than 50 per cent
of the industrial products, you will find the same result. The farmer
must have equipment for his farm, and in addition must have equipment
for his personal use, his home and his family, and that makes him a
large buyer of all of it, and out of the dollar which the farmer pays for the
products of labor the laboring man gets a little less than 35 cents.
There are some other governments in the world that have figured out
this question. There isn't any doubt that this cost of distribution is
excessive in the United States. Every farmer knows it. Every laboring
man knows it. They have not stopped with finding just the facts. They
have gone ahead with the remedy, and what is the remedy? It is
economic co-operation, the producers and the consumers co-operating on
the Rochdale plan.
380 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
Who invented that theory? It wasn't the farmers at all, it was labor
that started that theory. They invented it. Twenty-eight poor flannel
weavers of Rochdale in 1843 began saving their pennies and in a year
they had saved a pound apiece, and then they started a consumers' co-
operative store. That store started so modestly has grown until today
it has a membership of 4,000,000 families. It has 1,500 of these societies
in Great Britain. It has the greatest wholesale establishment in the
world and it has the greatest wholesale store in the world in Scotland.
They carried the idea to Denmark. What happened over there? The
farmers, after organizing their co-operative societies, decided they would
organize the government, too, and they elected a majority of that
parliament in both houses. They established the best government-con-
trolled land credit system in the world. When those chaps began about
eighty-five families owned 95 per cent of the land, and today 89.9 per
cent of the farmers own and operate their farms, because they established
a credit system which furnished them money to buy those farms.
Somebody or Something Should Be Amended
I have been sizing up those chaps who want to keep producing labor
of one kind fighting producing labor of another kind. As I have got
it figured out about 40 per cent of our people — maybe a little more than
that — may be rated as farmers; about 35 per cent rated as hand-workers,
and about 15 per cent as brain-workers who earn their living by brain
work just as honestly as any hand-worker, and then there is about 10
per cent of middlemen and capitalists and profiteers.
According to estimates the farmers of the country have an investment
of about eighty billion dollars, but it has shrunk down a good deal since
the Federal Reserve turned us over; but even at that it is less than
a per capita proportion of the wealth of the country. These 35 per cent
of laborers have still less proportion of the capital, or the 50 per cent
including the brain-workers with them. We do find, however, that the
10 per cent has more than half of the national wealth, and considerably
more than half of the national net income.
Now it occurs to me that while we have got things arranged on that
basis these chaps with such large net incomes should pay some of the
taxes. We passed an amendment to the constitution of the United
States providing for the taxing of incomes. Then they passed an
opinion of the supreme court that you couldn't tax a stock dividend. I
guess we will have to amend the constitution of the United States again
or else amend the supreme court, I don't know which. I tried to amend
the court a little the other day, but got licked on it.
Swatting the Standard Oil Company
Now I am going to call your attention to some of the things that have
happened along this line in the United States recently. I sent over to
the Federal Trade Commission for an official statement on this question,
and I am in receipt of the tabulated list of stock dividends declared in
the year 1922 by 328 companies, and they amount to $2,149,151,425. If
you go down through the whole list of 328 companies you can put the
manager of any one of these outfits on the witness stand and prove be-
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 381
yond a reasonable doubt that the interests of the farmer and the labor-
ing man are antagonistic and they ought to fight. Just wait until we
find out fully and get fully organized so we will know whose interests
are at stake, and we will show these fellows where to head in.
There is probably only one way to get these chaps now, and that is by
taxing back into the treasury of the United States these sums which
they have taken from you by economic power. I am in favor of trying to
do that. We will do it by statute, if we can, and then if the court holds
the statute unconstitutional, as a lot of these courts do, we will amend
the constitution — do you see? The best provision in the constitution
of the United States, the best provision in any constitution, is the one
that provides for its amendment. Remember that. Why, the fathers
amended our constitution ten times themselves in the first Congress after
its adoption, and those are the amendments that really give us the bill
of rights under the constitution.
It is time for us to look these matters up a little. It is time for us to
figure out our own proposition a little. As I told you, we have just been
investigating some of these big companies in the oil business. I remem-
ber a good many years ago I helped to stir up a little lawsuit on the
question of rates down at Kansas City. We held the first hearing there
on the discrimination of the Standard Oil Company against the inde-
pendents, and it stirred up a great breeze, and the investigations then
went all over the United States and they finally resulted in the Attorney
General bringing an action and the court dissolving the Standard Oil
Company into its component parts.
Well, I had three of those companies in before the manufacturers' com-
mittee since I have been down there to find out what the effect of my
good work had been, and, do you know, the Standard Oil Company of
New Jersey with its $125,000 a year president — a man who could be
duplicated many times right here in this crowd, able but not more able
than hundreds of others everywhere — ever since we succeeded in dis-
solving that outfit and stopping that monopoly, has earned more than
56 per cent a year on their whole tremendous capitalization. I don't
know whether I did any good or not, in dissolving that outfit.
Would Turn the Rascals Out ^
We are not going to do any good as long as the Congress of the United
States is influenced so much by those big interests. We are not going
to do any good until we get a majority of fellows in both houses of Con-
gress who are willing to look at this from the standpoint of the common
man and to provide the legal methods that will stop this taxation without
representation.
I am going over to New York in a few days to talk to that crowd over
there. I don't know whether I will get out alive or not. I will tackle it
once, anyhow. And then after it is over I am going back again, and the
next time I go back I am going to see the farmers and the laboring peo-
ple. I want to see your Farm Bureau and your Grange, Mr. Bradfute,
and I want to see the State Federation of Labor, and I want to see the
American Legion and the Spanish War Veterans, and I want to see all
of those crowds. There is enough in common in all those organizations
382 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
that they ought to be working together. They ought to turn these fel-
lows out of Congress that see everything through Standard Oil and rail-
road spectacles.
PUBLIC INTEREST AND RAILROAD VALUATION
BY DWIGHT N. LEWIS
Member Iowa Railway Commission
There has been much said about the Esch-Cummins law. Several
things in the law need amendment, and it is my opinion that, sooner or
later, Congress will enact those amendments. There has been much
hue and cry that the powers of State commissions have been taken from
them. It did look that way for a long time, and our friends of the
Interstate Commerce Commission seemed to be obsessed with that very
thought. The passage of the law upon which they based their assump-
tion should be cleared up, and I have already seen an amendment pro-
posed by Senator Cummins that will clear it up. But today there is little
or no conflict of authority between the Interstate Commerce Commission
and the various State commissions, ana we are functioning exactly as
we did before the war.
We have materially reduced the Iowa Intrastate coal rates, as well as
the rates on sand, gravel, crushed stone and other road and commercial
building materials, and we have on our docket for hearing the rates with-
in Iowa on grain and its products, and brick and tile. The railroad com-
panies have promptly put our reduced rates into effect. We are still
making orders relative to train service, station conditions, elevator sites,
distribution of cars, etc., etc. In fact we are functioning 100 per cent.
Not Easy to Fix Valuations
You have heard of the so-called guaranty clause of the Esch-Cummins
Law. The rate of return provided in Section 15-A was not a guaranty,
but a direction to the Interstate Commerce Commission to fix such
rates as would until March 1, 1922, in their judgment, make a return of
5V2 per cent of the value of the railroad property used in transportation.
Not upon capital stock, dry or watered, nor upon bonds, nor debentures,
nor anything else, save and excepting the value, not of all of the rail-
road property, but of that property belonging to the railroad company
used in transportation service.
In endeavoring to arrive at the valuation the Interstate Commerce
Commission was besought by the railroad companies to make such valua-
tion about twenty billion dollars. Some shipping interests thought six-
teen billion would be about right. The Interstate Commerce Commission
practically ignored representations made by interested parties, and fell
back upon their own valuation work, so I have been informed, and made
such deductions therefrom as they believed warranted them in fixing a
tentative valuation of eighteen billion nine hundred million dollars.
Nobody has claimed that these figures are accurate, least of all the
Interstate Commerce Commission, but the best they could do under the
circumstances. When the valuation work has been completed, and,
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 383
after hearing finally adopted, then we shall have figures that will enable
regulatory and tax-assessing bodies to work intelligently. In the mean-
time the work of valuation is progressing satisfactorily, although it does
seem slow to those who are anxious to get results.
*
Endless Amount of Work Involved
The task of evaluating the railroads is an enormous one. Holes must
be made in ballast to determine the condition of it; ties and rails must
be inspected; bridges carefully analyzed; station houses and other build-
ings valued after careful auditing. Nothing may escape the closest
scrutiny, and that is what the agents of the Interstate Commerce Com-
mission have been doing for many years, until at last the field work;
has been practically completed, at a cost to date of about $24,000,000.
The railroad companies in making their figures have spent approximately
$65,000,000, and many states, including Iowa, have spent varying sums
in checking up the work.
In Iowa the work has been devoted exclusively to checking of land
values, and it has produced some very interesting situations. If any of
you are interested, our valuation department will be glad to give you
more detailed information. In my opinion our work has already saved
Iowa hundreds of thousands of dollars on railroad valuations, and I am
hoping the Fortieth Assembly now in session will appreciate the impor-
tance of this work and provide as liberally as possible for its continu-
ance.
The valuation of rail properties when completed will not only enable
the railroad commissions and the Interstate Commerce Commission to
intelligently fix just, fair, and reasonable rates hut be of the utmost im-
portance to our State Executive Council in fixing the assessments of
railroad properties in the state. It will do away with litigation that has
plagued our state with costs of thousands of dollars.
Rock Island Asks Big Increase
The federal statute requires the Interstate Commerce Commission to
fix final valuation by states, and a resolution recently passed by the
United States Senate provides among other things that "The Commis-
sion report the amount of the value of each of the railroads in each
state, respectively, so far as the same has been compiled."
Just now the Rock Island Railway valuation is before the Interstate
Commerce Commission. In this case the railway company is demand-
ing an increase of more than eighty-two million dollars in the Interstate
Commissions reported reproduction cost new, and of practically ninety-
nine million dollars in present values of lands, other increases bringing
the total increased valuation asked to $208,463,716. The valuation of this
property is of particular value to Iowa, so our state commission has been
in the thick of the fight. While there have already been other valua-
tion cases of importance, this is the first involving a great railroad sys-
tem. It has been selected by the valuation committee of the national
association and the group of state railroad commissions which are acting
with it in valuation matters, as offering the best immediate opportunity
for getting real results.
384 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
The states are being represented at this very important hearing by
E. W. Reed, special valuation counsel of the Valuation Committee of the
National Association of Railway and Utility Commissioners; by John
E. Benton, General Solicitor of the National Association; J. H. Ralls,
valuation attorney of our commission, and J. E. Eubank, valuation expert
of the Iowa Commission. Their work has been especially commended.
Interests of Public Not Neglected
I am here to assert that the interests of the public are being presented
to the Interstate Commission effectively and efficiently in the pending
Rock Island hearing, the only one in which Iowa has any direct interest
that has yet come before the commission for final hearing.
I am proud of the record the Iowa Commission has made in these valua-
tion matters under the leadership of Commissioner Woodruff, and want
to assure you that no one is asleep at the switch in reference to valua-
tion of Iowa railroads.
A NEW LEASE ON LIFE J
BY MRS. GENE CUTLER
We are engaged in a great business. Two years ago I would have
said occupation, but in that time the Farm Bureau has taught us that,
we have a Business — the biggest business in the United States.
Usually when we speak of Big Business we get a picture, perhaps, of
tall buildings, inside of which are well-dressed men and women, held
aloof from the rest of the world by iron gratings, and occasionally we
hear the clink of gold and silver.
Or perhaps we get a picture of massive structures of stone or brick
alongside mammoth smokestacks, from which pour great clouds of
soot and blackness to soil the world. These are the factories, and we say
they are Big Business. Or we see shining rails and locomotives, and
they symbolize our transportation system, and we call it Big Business.
What we should see is a broad stretch of hills and valleys covered
with Iowa's tall corn, Oregon's wheat, the cotton and tobacco of Texas
and Virginia, and the corn and oats of the East. Here and there are
cottages and bungalows, with a few houses of commodious type, all
housing farmers and their families, each a small part of that Biggest
Business in the United States — Agriculture.
Represents Heavy Investment
The value of all farms and farm property is twice that invested in all
the manufacturing industries. It is four times the Interstate Commerce
Commission valuation of all the railroads, and twelve times that of the
capital, surplus and undivided profits of all the banks in the United
States. We have always been Big Business, but we have just learned
to see ourselves collectively and appreciate that. We are the basic
industry and produce 80 per cent of the wealth every year. City-built
industries can never become greater than agriculture because they are
only monuments of margins. These city-built industries become top-
heavy and burdensome. That is the thing we are suffering from now,
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 385
and it is up to us, folks, to change these conditions, to make agriculture
really profitable so that it can take its place at the head of Big Busi-
ness where it belongs.
For years we have gone on trying to make a living under handicaps
that might just as well have been removed, only there was no one to
do it for us. We have as a nation built up our manufacturing indus-
tries, subsidized our railroads, fostered most everything except agricul-
ture. We took the course of least resistance to keep peace.
Have Three Important Lines of Work
Conditions have changed. Our free lands of the West are gone. We
have robbed our soil unmercifully, and now we face the task of making
a living where we are, right on this soil that we have been robbing year
after year. Not only that but our children must live on it. We didnt
like the deflation. We haven't believed that it was an unavoidable result
of the war, but the fact remains that we took it. We have met thei
emergency. We have liquidated until it hurts, and we say never again
will we trust our business entirely to the other fellow.
Legislation, finance and marketing are our three big lines of work.
We are not so foolish as to believe that we can legislate wealth, but
we do believe that legislation can distribute wealth, and in order that
we may have a square deal — we don't ask for anything else — we have
our representatives working for us in legislative halls, both here and
in Washington. They have already done a lot of things for us, and
are in a position to do more. For one thing never before have we had
the data to work with that our representatives have now. Then, too,
we now have men working for us who really understand farm condi-
tions, who know our problems and can speak for us with intelligence.
Better Methods Coming Into Favor
We want a different credit system. I am no banker. Maybe I don't
know much about credit, but I do know that we can't raise cattle on
thirty-day paper. In Iowa we do real farming. We need a longer credit
system, and I don't believe we are going to stop until we get it. If
we have to build it ourselves, why, we will just remember that we are
the biggest business in the United States, and gathering new confidence
and strength from the thought we will keep at it until we have it built.
It may take time; it may take courage to stand by the thing when it
looks hard; we may suffer while we are waiting for it, but back of the
system we will stand until we have a financial system that fits our need.
Traditions are being shattered. Old farming methods are being thrown
upon the scrap heap and better methods substituted. Use of the pencil
and record book are helping to bring these changes. We don't like to
bother with figures after we have already done a big day's work, but we
must come to it. In every locality there are at least a half dozen men
who will tell you that they are raising the best type of corn in that
locality. A test plot with records names the winner, and immediately
all of the half dozen, and others, begin raising the best kind of corn.
386 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
Farm Bureau Develops Community Spirit
Among other things we have learned in the last few years is that what
is good for us is good for our neighbors. We have come to think of our
community as that larger home of ours, and real community spirit is
being developed. We are beginning to see ourselves as a collective
unit, just as a city does, and we are willing to bind ourselves together
for mutual advantage, as the city or town does.
If we are to develop this community spirit we must have a social cen-
ter, and right here the township Farm Bureau fills a long-felt want. In
some localities we have had older farm organizations to pave the way
for community activities, but it happened that we did not have any in
our locality until the Farm Bureau was organized on a community basis
a few years ago, and as I look back at it all it seems rather remarkable
that we are already taking for granted the community meetings that
we talked about and looked forward to for so many years.
This Farm Bureau meeting which we have once a month or more
is broadening our lives and reshaping agriculture in Iowa. I believe
we must give the social gatherings of the Farm Bureau a great deal of
credit for coming through the past few discouraging years with high
courage. We are learning the fundamentals of co-operation at these
meetings. We are learning that co-operation is putting ourselves in a
condition so that others can work with us. This is the foundation of
our organization. No other organization is built from the bottom this
way, built on mutual understanding, a mutual desire to sacrifice for and
be helpful to each other.
Work of Farm Bureau Women Recognized
Farm problems will be solved by government and by legislation, but
back of that, and acting as a guiding spirit and steadying hand, must be
the farm folks themselves, thinking and working and playing harmoni-
ously together, until agriculture is in its rightful relation socially as well
as economically with other industries. Closely linked up with and re-
flecting and intensifying the wholesome atmosphere of that new kind of
community that is being developed, is coming the better homes for
which the men and women of Iowa are striving, and which we must have
if we are to compete effectively with the city.
In the Farm Bureau all the work of the men and women is done side
by side. It is a partnership arrangement all the way through, where
they are working on an equal footing. This is made possible, inasmuch
as no discrimination has been made in the selection of officers, in county,
state or national organizations. More than that, home and community
work has been made a regular department of its program. Last year
the women of Iowa did a splendid piece of work, and you men have been
generous in your recognition of it. We feel that in your recognition and
appreciation we have fallen into congenial step that speaks well for the
future of the Farm Bureau.
Beauty a Tonic to the Soul
There is one value common to all project work that we get in addition
to the direct benefit derived. In every well-organized project a number
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 387
of women are organizing and teaching other groups, so that all the time
leadership is being developed, and this leadership is being used to advan-
tage all through the Farm Bureau movement. Many townships seemed
dead until some woman or group of women got behind the activities.
And in our project work we are not forgetting to add beauty to the
farm home. A rose in every dooryard has become the slogan in the
home-beautifying contest just beginning to receive real attention in Iowa.
We have known all along, but are sometimes too busy to remember, that
beauty is a tonic to the soul. Pretty things to wear, attractive homes,
flowers, pictures, and the thousand other little things which we see
and work with every day are the most important factors leading to hap-
piness and contentment. After all that is the reason why we want a
larger income, the reason why we learn to save time by becoming more
efficient home makers, that we may have more time to devote to our
families.
Let us strike the "only a farmer" attitude on the head and bury it.
Farming is the biggest business in the United States, and we have no
problems that we cannot solve if we go at them intelligently and in a
co-operative way. Let us throw away our old attitude toward the exten-
sion service and our agricultural college. For years we educated doctors
and lawyers at public expense before we began to educate farmers.
Our attitude toward the necessity for organizing is changing. We
have come to accept the fact that we must be organized if we expect
to meet success. We cannot exist in an unorganized state, and we need
to throw away the last remnant of suspicion toward our neighbor, and,
joining hands with him continue in the triumphant march toward the
better and grander things of organized agriculture.
CREDIT, FINANCE AND CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING
BY O. E. BRADFUTE
President American Farm Bureau Federation
As farmers we can just as well face facts as we find them, and our
job as Farm Bureau members is to try as best we can to find the true
causes underlying such conditions, and plan methods to help solve the
difficulties. The underlying causes seem to be in large measure attribut-
able to the following conditions:
Over-production of farm products with no adequate or profitable
demand to consume the surplus which must now go for export.
No method of limiting or controlling the surplus.
No method of orderly marketing and ditribution through the year.
Lack of established grades and regular market for these grades.
Transportation inadequate for the needs of agriculture and at a ruinous
cost.
A financial and credit system without sufficient flexibility to meet the
needs of agriculture.
Discrimination in Interest Rates
No method should ever be adopted which will make it easy for the
farmer to go in debt, or to advance him money without proper and suffi-
388 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
cient security for the loan. But it is unreasonable that the farmer should
pay from 8 to 15 per cent for his advances while the distributors of his
products and other industries whose products he buys get their loans
for from 41/& to 6 per cent. The farmer must have the same chances to
draw from the great reservoirs of money as are open to others, and
with sufficient time limits to meet the needs of his business.
Taking 1913 as a 100 base index number we find that in August, 1922,
the index number of freight rates on non-agricultural products is 151
while prices on non-agricultural products is 206. Freight rates on
agricultural products is 155, with prices on agricultural products is 117.
Moreover, the purchasing power of freight rates on non-agricultural prod-
ucts expressed in terms of prices on same products is 73, while pur-
chasing power of freight rates on agricultural products in terms of prices
on such products is 133. Thus expressed, non-agricultural products have
almost doubled the advantage of agricultural products in rates.
Let us go further in expressing some of these things in terms of corn.
In 1913 the freight revenue per ton would buy 1.4 bushels of corn
but in 1921 would buy 3.1 bushels. The yearly earnings of a railroad
employe would buy 1,492 bushels of your corn in 1913, but will now buy
over 4,000 bushels of your corn.
Need More Harmony Between Co-operatives
Co-operative marketing of farm products is no longer an experiment,
but is now an established fact and approved by business men and finan-
ciers of the highest type. The experience of those farmers engaged
therein is such as to commend co-operative marketing most highly as a
satisfactory and profitable method of marketing farm products. The
number of such marketing organizations is increasing every week, and
there are now more or less active some sixteen or eighteen thousand
co-operative marketing organizations engaged in handling farm products
throughout the United States, and the most reliable figures obtainable
show that they are doing a business of well over a billion dollars annu-
ally.
There are now over two hundred co-operatives which cover an entire
district, or state, or even more than one state in their operations. The
result, however, with such a great number of small associations is that
they themselves become competitors with each other. They should be
co-ordinated and correlated in such a way as to lead to real co-operation,
and also in order to reduce the great and unnecessary overhead expense
of each. While the requirements of different farm products and different
sections of the country may make it necessary to work under somewhat
different rules, there are certain underlying principles which are common
to all and might well be handled by some acceptable organization whicn
is prepared to render such service as may be in common demand by ail.
Marketing to Be Leading Project
It will interest you to know that in compliance with the resolutions
adopted at the last annual meeting of the American Farm Bureau Fed-
eration there has been established a co-operative marketing department
in our Federation, and on Monday of this week Mr. Walton Peteet was
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 389
engaged as director of this department and will begin his work February
1. We believe him to be the best qualified and most competent man
available for this job to be had in America, and I bespeak for him the
most hearty and generous support on behalf of the farmers of Iowa.
The departments of Administration, Relations or Organization, Informa-
tion, Transportation, Research, and Legislation, of the American Federa-
tion are each pledged to lend valiant assistance to the Co-operative Mar-
keting Department, and all the forces of the present administration will
be centered around the great project of co-operative marketing.
Permit me to say to the farmers of Iowa that great and useful machines
are being set up by your County, State and National Farm Bureau, but
they will do you little good as individual farmers if you do not use
them. The Farm Bureau is built on the cafeteria plan, so you must help
yourselves. Let us therefore as farmers work together for the good of
each, and thereby for the good of our state and nation in order that we
may have better schools, better churches and better homes in which may
dwell a happy, contented and prosperous people.
CHICAGO PRODUCERS' COMMISSION ASSOCIATION
BY A. SYKES
Something like eighteen months ago there was appointed what was
known as the Livestock Committee of Fifteen. Out of the work of that
committee has come the National Livestock Producers' Association. The
first selling agency, or commission company, established by the Pro-
ducers' Association was at St. Louis on the first day of January, 1922.
Then followed the house at Indianapolis, and next the Chicago house, of
which I happen to be president. All of these selling agencies or com-
mission companies are organized strictly on a co-operative basis.
Now, there is one thing I want you to understand, and that is that we
are talking about the co-operative marketing of livestock. Another thiug
I want you to understand clearly, is that co-operative marketing of live-
stock doesn't simply mean the formation of a co-operative shipping asso-
ciation, and then continuing to ship your stock to the old-line livestock
concerns, because the formation of your co-operative shipping associa-
tion is only the starting point of co-operative marketing of livestock.
Plan Will Succeed With Proper Support
A lot of people have the idea that the only thing there is to the co-
operative marketing of livestock is the formation of a co-operative ship-
ping association back in the country. It is not my thought to abuse any-
body, but I want to call your attention to the fact that you will never
market your stock co-operatively and successfully until you learn to
carry it clear through.
The Committee of Fifteen gave this question serious consideration. It
undertook to work out a plan, not only for Iowa but for the entire coun-
try. The plan is not perfect. At the time it was offered it was the best
we could do. But we believe it is big enough and broad enough to take
us all in, and we believe that if it is followed and supported by the men
back in the country that it will prove sufficient and in time will bring
390 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
about the very things the Committee of Fifteen realized are necessary
to make the co-operative marketing of livestock a success.
The National Livestock Producers' Association acts in an advisory
capacity over the various terminal market associations. Each terminal
association is a member of the National Livestock Producers' Associa-
tion, and contributes 50 cents a car to its support. At the present time
the Association has established selling agencies at St. Louis, Chicago,
Indianapolis, Peoria, Buffalo and Fort Worth, and is considering similar
agencies at Sioux City, Cleveland and Buffalo.
Business Shows Consistent Growth
Now about our Chicago house and our experience in the Chicago yards.
I talk to you about Chicago because that is our market, Iowa furnishing
about 40 per cent of the receipts at the Chicago yards. We opened there
for business June 19, 1922. The first ten days, June 19 to June 30, we
received 177 cars of stock. In July we received 549 cars. In August we
had 561 cars. In September, which as you all know is a light month,
we had 439 cars. October 541 cars. In November we received 800 cars.
In December 963 cars. These figures, you will note, show a healthy
increase right from the time we opened for business. In November we
had 172 straight loads and 628 loads of co-operative stuff. That is, one-
fifth of our business at the present time runs to straight loads, the bal-
ance being made up of shipments that contain two or more owners —
sometimes as high as thirty. The total number of owners represented in
the November receipts was 5,289.
During December we received 194 straight cars and 729 co-operative
loads. The percentage of straight cars in December was about the same
as in November, a total of 936 cars, representing 6,012 owners, with an
average of 7.8 persons to the car. The value of business done the first
six months — up to December 19 — was $5,200,000. During December we
ranked from second to fourth place in total number of cars received, and
have stood first on hogs for the last three months. During the past week
we received 246 cars and stood in first place on both hogs and the total
number of cars received. This gives you some idea of the volume of
business handled at Chicago by the Producers the last six months.
Firm Has Wide Outlet for Stock
Now, we have had some problems to solve. Some of you men know
that years ago we attempted to operate a co-operative livestock com-
mission company at Chicago. For various reasons we found it impracti-
cable and had to close. In other words we were forced out and had to
quit. We have not encountered as stringent opposition as the old co-
operative concern had to face, but we did encounter severe competition
at first, and no doubt that was responsible for some of the criticism that
we received from shippers over this state.
But we are getting along nicely now. We sell to everybody that is
responsible that the others sell to. We have the same competition in
our buying alleys that the old-line companies have, and there is no re-
striction so far as our company is concerned. This is due largely to the
Packer and Stockyards Act enacted by Congress, which, under the su-
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 391
pervision of the Secretary of Agriculture, has done away with many of the
practices followed in the old days of the original co-operative commis-
sion company that we undertook to operate in Chicago. This law has
furnished the protection we lacked then.
No Discrimination Against Company
The first four weeks in Chicago we operated almost exclusively with
the packer (buyers because the other fellows were afraid to trade with
us. But that is all done away with. Everybody trades with us, without
regard to whether we have a membership in the Livestock Exchange.
The market is open to us, and we trade with the eastern order buyer,
the shipper and all. We are getting along just the same as the other
firms. Our salesmen sell to shippers and eastern order buyers just
like the old-line firms are doing. For a number of weeks our sales of
hogs to outside buyers ranged as high as 45 per cent.
Now, this organization has been placed in Chicago for the benefit of
the producers of the country. It is your organization. It doesn't belong
to dny board of directors, to the manager nor to anybody else. It be-
longs to the producers of the country. It is there to assist you in the
co-operative marketing of your livestock. And I want to impress upon
your minds here today the importance of patronizing your own organi-
zation. That is the big thing. If you don't help support it your influ-
ence goes to help to destroy it. After the Farm Bureau Federations
have gone as far as they have in establishing these co-operative mar-
keting agencies you certainly cannot refuse to patronize them.
Salesmen Are the Best Obtainable
Next comes the question of equipment. Our salesmen are among tne
very best to be found in the yards — they don't take a back seat in any
of the departments. Our head cattle salesman bought for Swift and
Company about fifteen years. He was also with Clay Robinson sev-
eral years, resigning his position to go into business on his own account,
and was operating for himself when we took him over. Our butcher
cattle salesman is a man of the same type, although younger. He has
not been in the yards so long, but has handled cattle for ten or twelve
years, and has been connected with some of the best firms at the yards.
Our hog salesmen are the same class of men. Our head hog man has
more than twenty years' experience in the yards. He knows hogs. On
January 10 we took on our third hog salesman, took him from Morris
and Company. He had been one of their hog buyers for eight or ten
years. Our hog business increased to such an extent that we had to
add a third alley and a third salesman to handle it. That is the class
of men who handle your livestock when it goes to the Chicago Live-
stock Producers' Association. Men of high caliber, men who know live-
stock, men who can sell your stock for all that it is worth.
Refund Not the Important Thing
I suppose you want to know what benefit you are going to get out of
this thing. You men who have been patronizing it know that you will
get a part of your commission back. From the very first our house at
Chicago has operated at a profit. Some months a bigger profit than
392 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
others, of course. At the close of the year's business we are going to
prorate back whatever the board sees fit to set aside for that purpose.
I presume it will retain and build up something in the form of a reserve.
You wouldn't want to do business with a bank that had no reserve back
of it. It is the same with a co-operative commission company. You
want a company with a reserve back of it to protect it in time of trouble.
But whatever may be refunded to you on commission charges will be
insignificant compared to what we hope to work out in the marketing of
livestock in the future, and what the Committee of Fifteen hoped to ac-
complish. The thought that has been in the minds of the men who have
made this question a study for years, that there should be some way by
which we could establish the orderly marketing of livestock, and to pre-
vent the violent price fluctuations that characterize the business.
Success Depends on the Producers
Now, the last word I want to leave with you people is this: that you
patronize your co-operative marketing agencies. You will never get
anywhere unless you do. The Farm Bureau hadn't any other thought
in mind than to establish these agencies for the benefit of the producers
of the country. They have gone to the expense, giving time and effort
and thought, in order that the producers might be benefited. And the
only way this can be done is through the support and patronage of the
producers themselves.
EDUCATION AND AGRICULTURE
BY DR. R. A. PEARSON
It seems to me that two great lessons have come out of the experi-
ence of these past two years. The public has learned a lesson and the
farmers have learned a lesson, and both lessons should last a long time.
The public, especially the people in the cities, have learned more than
they ever knew before about the bigness and importance of agriculture.
They have always admitted that it is a great industry but many of these
admissions were of the character of good natured flattery for the peopie
engaged in the kind of work that used to be done by the fathers and
grandfathers of the city folks.
Many residents of cities have looked upon agriculture as a sort of spon-
taneous source of food. They always did get their food, and plenty of
it, and they saw no reason why that happy condition should not con-
tinue. They just naturally expected it would continue.
Our city friends have learned something about the fundamental char-
acter of agriculture. Some comments that are like real wheat have
appeared in the news and editorial columns of our great newspapers and
in magazine articles and in official actions of our law-making bodies. To
bring about this appreciation it seemed to be necessary for some large
interests in great business centers to suffer a bit, because of the agricul-
tural depression, and this has happened.
Need More Knowledge of Agriculture
With their new knowledge the people have willingly enacted legislation
which was fair and just to the farmers and which should have been
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 393
enacted long ago and would have been if the importance had been under-
stood then as now.
We want the men, women, and children of our cities to know how big
agriculture is. They generally think of the wheat crop. Many of them
today would tell you it is the most important agricultural product in the
United States. We want them to know that the corn crop is three to
four times as big, and that the dairy products -made in one year in the
United States are worth enough to buy three national wheat crops,
and that it would require all of the gold produced by all the mines in
the United States during the last forty-five years to buy the milk and
products of milk that are made in the United States in one year.
We want the public to know that according to the latest census figures
the value of agricultural products of the United States was over twenty-
one billion dollars. This is more than the total value of all the auto-
mobiles made in the same year, plus all the men's and women's clothing,
plus all the cotton goods, plus all the foundry products, plus all the iron
and steel manufactured products, plus all the flour mill products, and
plus all the slaughtering and meat packing products. When one begins
to talk about agriculture in the United States or in Iowa he has to use
big figures.
Agriculture Needs Special Credit System
One result of public appreciation of the agricultural industry is the
enactment of better agricultural credit legislation than we have ever
seen. In the past the law makers representing the public have appre-
ciated that storekeepers and manufacturers needed credit. A system
very nicely adjusted to their requirements was worked out and fixed by
the law of the land. Their period of turnover is short and they want
loans for sixty to ninety days, and they have been accommodated.
Farmers could get loans under provisions of the same laws but the
farmer's period of turnover varies from six months to about three years.
A three months loan for a breeder of live stock is not much help. We
had to wait a long, long time for this to get into the consciousness of the
public to the extent that legislation resulted.
I hope it will not take much more time for the farmers to get the con-
sideration they deserve in connection with tariff legislation. Tariff laws
are enacted and repealed apparently without regard to the time element
required for agricultural adjustments. A merchant or a manufacturer
can adjust himself to a new tariff law which will become effective one
or two or three months hence, but the farmer is helpless. He can
neither make nor destroy a flock of sheep in that short period of time.
He should have special consideration.
Farmers Must Plan Own Remedies
The great lesson learned by the farmers of our country from the ex-
periences of the past two years is that they must give more attention
to looking after their own interests. The Farm Bureau has made a
splendid record. Farmers now know they must take the lead in plan-
ning and putting remedies into effect. Organization is the first essential.
It seems that every interest, large or small, is more or less organized.
394 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
The farmers' organizations should correspond with the importance of
their industry. These organizations should not exhaust any of their
strength by working against each other. They should agree on great
principles and work together for them.
Problems requiring the best thought and the concentrated energy of
the farmers of the country include taxes, railroad rates, high costs of
commodities, credits, tariff, high costs of marketing and low prices of
farm products. The chief problem and the one which embraces most
of the others is the narrow margin between cost of production and sell-
ing price. In too many cases there is no margin or it is negative.
Education Pays Large Dividends I
While legislation and co-operation are vital to agricultural success, I
believe that the largest benefit may come from individual effort. It is
this that explains the difference in the success between two men. One
grocer succeeds, another fails, though they start with equal capital and
equal opportunity. One farmer goes ahead while another stands still
or loses ground, though they had the same advantages in starting. It
is so in every activity in life. The greatest need of the less successful
person is the use of better methods. This means more knowledge or
more ambition or both. The remedy is largely through education.
Education pays large dividends to the individual and the state. A
farmer plants clover and it will not grow. He knows that clover collects
nitrogen from the air and he needs nitrogen and it is expensive when
purchased in sacks. But his clover would not grow. Again he tries and
again he loses his seed. Finally a neighbor comes to his rescue and tells
him to use lime. What is this knowledge worth? He has lost two seed-
ings and two years of time and the benefits which should come to other
crops for two years.
Two farmers discuss the cost of raising pigs. They cannot agree and
they decide to keep careful records of all expenses. At the end of the
season they compare notes and find that the average cost on one farm
was seven cents per pound and on the other ten cents, and the market
was nine cents. They compare notes. The first one tells the other
how he feeds and cares for his stock. The second farmer uses this
knowledge the next year and gets his cost of production two cents below
the sale price. How much is that knowledge worth to the second man?
Carelessness and Poor Methods Mean Loss
The cash value of knowledge to the farmers of any state is simply
above estimation. There are thousands of exhibits among the better
farmers of Iowa to prove this statement to the satisfaction of anyone.
But some people think that knowledge which increases production is
detrimental because the increase of production tends to reduce prices.
There is enough truth in this to give it currency but not enough to
entitle it to credence. If the farmers of Iowa can, by the use of better
methods, increase their corn crop 10 per cent without increase of costs
of production, then they have decreased the cost of producing one
bushel of corn about 10 per cent. Does anyone think that a 10 per cent
increase of the corn crop of Iowa would materially affect the price of
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 395
corn in the United States? Would forty-five million additional bushels
of corn in Iowa materially affect the price of a crop aggregating three
billion bushels?
The main thought is this, that in other states and in other countries
extensive efforts are being made to devise and extend better methods of
production, thus tending to reduce costs. If by chance unusually good
weather prevails, which is the chief factor leading to over-production, and
crops are increased to the extent that prices are severely reduced, then
who suffers most and who suffers last? That farmer or that community
or that state or nation that did not use the best and most economical
methods of production will be the chief sufferer, and some of them will
quit the business. That farmer or community or state or nation that did
produce at least cost will suffer the least. The fear of extending educa-
tion because it will increase production and reduce prices is a scarecrow.
Be not deceived. The farmer who produces at least cost because of his
superior knowledge and ability is the farmer who is in best condition,
whether prices are high or low. Knowledge is one commodity of whicn
we are not afraid of having too much in Iowa. If we are to maintain
good prices of our lands and make good profits, our methods in agricul-
ture must be superior to others.
Autos Cost More Than Schools
Besides paying dividends in cash, education has other large values.
If it is the right kind of education it helps us to know ourselves better
and to better understand our neighbors, and it helps us to be better citi-
zens. The splendid school system that is being built in this state is
evidence of what Iowa people think of education. We have invested in
school buildings in Iowa less than half as much as the value of our
automobiles. The schools are getting better but even yet there are
thousands of farm- communities where the same little one room school-
house is serving that has served for a dozen years.
Consolidated schools afford an opportunity for great improvement. They
may make it possible for the country child to secure as good a common
school education as the city child. But care should be taken not to es-
tablish these schools until they are justified and then to see that their
influence is not detrimental to farm life. The best assurance for the
right kind of influence in a rural school is a right attitude toward agri-
culture on the part of the teachers. This comes from experience on the
farm, and it means sympathy for farm people, a liking for country life,
appreciation of the importance of agriculture and realization of the pos-
sibilities of developing in the country the principles of right living and
sound citizenship. In every consolidated school such leadership should
be ielt.
Some persons even yet, with all the development of agricultural science
and its wide applications, think that agricultural education is an inferior
sort of training and that it is not as worthy or as dignified as education
in medicine, liberal arts, engineering, or law. The person who is edu-
cated in agriculture must have a wide variety of knowledge, especially
concerning the laws of Nature, — the laws that are made by the allwise
Creator. He must know the laws that govern the growth and control
of harmful and helpful bacteria, and a hundred ocher such things.
396 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
Educational Privileges for Farmers
Can anyone truthfully say that it is less dignified or less worthy to be
an interpreter of laws which God made than it is to interpret the laws
that man made? I think it is as dignified to understand the laws that
govern deadly conflicts between bacteria in the soil as to understand,
the laws relating to upkeep of fences or trespass on the top of the soil.
When the difficulties and the intricacies of agriculture are considered in
connection with other industries, no one can truthfully say that the
people engaged in agriculture are any less in need of education than
are those in other kinds of work. It is fortunate that in agriculture
one is able to get much knowledge through his own observation and
efforts.
Perhaps someone has wondered why I have talked so long without
mentioning Iowa State College. It is because I have had something larger
in mind. The college is only an instrument to help promote the best
things that I have been discussing. It does so through research and
education. Carefully trained experts are hunting for new and better
ways of doing things. Much of their time is given to devising methods
to combat new and unexpected difficulties which appear too often at the
farmer's back door or in his field.
The educational work is conducted through a great student body,
including a considerable group of young men and women from every
county of the state. The educational work is conducted, also, through
the extension service which reaches all parts of the state and many
thousands of people.
Extension Work Reaches Far Fields
About 4,000 young folks are in the college at Ames and more than half
of them are studying agriculture to become farmers or home economics
to become teachers and home makers; the others are taking engineer-
ing, industrial science and veterinary medicine. It costs the state about
one dollar to every three and one-half dollars that is costs the students
or their parents, for this education.
Does it not interest you to know that since the war, 1250 men who
have been disabled in service have been trained by Iowa State College.
Without this training some of these men would become public charges.
Some of them now are better trained to make a living than they were
before the war. Accurate records show that their training in the college,
which averaged fifteen months duration, increased their earning capacity
$364.00 per year which means over $450,000.00 increase of annual income
for the entire number.
The average farmer of Iowa this year is paying the equivalent of less
than three cents per acre on his land as his entire share of maintaining
Iowa State College, including all branches of work and some building
operations. All farmers together thus pay about one million dollars.
The extension service is in close contact with the farm bureaus
throughout the state. What has been accomplished through the co-op-'
eration of these two agencies is known to you. The reduction of costs
of production, women's work, and boys' and girls' clubs with over 17,000
enrolled members, need not be discussed here. That this work is appre-
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 397
ciated can be shown in no better way than by the fact that it is so gen-
erously supported by leading farmers who give their time to its promo-
tion without salary and who contribute also toward the general costs of
maintenance.
College Working for Good of All
We have been talking about what the state of Iowa is and this is an
inspiring subject. Still more inspiring is the thought of what this state
might be. Iowa State College, as a faithful instrument of the people,
desires to co-operate in every way possible toward making Iowa still
better and still greater. The chief pleasure in living comes with growth.
You have ideas concerning the growth of your interests. The people
of the state want the state to grow in things that are good. It is a priv-
ilege to help bring this to pass.
STATUS OF U. S. GRAIN GROWERS, INC.
BY E. H. CUNNINGHAM
You are all familiar with the report of the Committee of Seventeen,
the subsequent adoption of that report, and the organization of a cor-
poration with a governing body of twenty-one directors. It was organized
in the Spring of 1921. It started to provide a sales agency through which
farmers could co-operatively market grain.
In May, 1922, a call went out for help. At the call of Mr. Hunt the
Mid-West Farm Bureaus went into conference to consider to what extent
the American Farm Bureau Federation and the Mid-West Farm Bureaus
were obligated to see that the institution could be made to function.
They decided that there was a moral obligation to do all they possibly
could to save it.
A creditors' committee was appointed, of which I happened to be a
member, along with Mr. Hill of South Dakota and Mr. Coverdale. This
committee undertook to get in contact with the creditors and get powers
of attorney, or something, in order to keep them off the back of the
institution until we could find out what the trouble was.
Federations Asked to Take Charge
That was in May. We went through the affairs of the institution from
top to bottom, and we found out what had happened. We didn't find
anything dishonest in the handling of affairs, but we did find it to be the
most grossly mismanaged proposition that had ever sprung up, not ex-
cepting some of the highpressure propositions that have gone to pieces.
We found it in deplorable shape financially. The money had been
spent. It owed about $394,000. It showed $285,000 deficit over and above
assets. The problem was what ought to be done in the future. We
granted the old board all the power, authority and time needed to
straighten the thing up. Finally they came to us and said: "We have
come to the end of the road, and the only suggestion we have to offer
is to take it over "and reorganize it and see if you can save it." If you
are inclined to criticize some one for stepping in, remember that the
Federation had never stepped in or attempted to take charge of any
398 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
part of the institution until the board of directors and the executive
committee themselves came and asked us in a written statement to come
over and save the proposition.
We found that the plan contemplated selling grain through some sort
of co-operative agency. No attempt was made to build that agency, at
least not in the beginning. The first thing was to go out and sign up
the farmers by contract, more than 60,000 of them, and I will say frankly
that it was wrong in principle to tie up 60,000 farmers scattered all over
the country to contract for the sale of grain through a sales agency that
didn't exist.
Organization Proceeded on Wrong Basis
Now, any time you neglect to apply sound business principles you get
into the red, and, soon or later, you have to back up. That is what hap-
pened, and my judgment is that we have got to back up completely and
go out and set up these sales agencies — that is, provide a place for mar-
keting this grain, and when we have them established to go to the co-
operative elevator. By co-operative elevator I don't mean one under
that name that is in the grain business as a speculator, but an elevator
where the individual owners and customers are real co-operators. We
have some problem there, but I believe the only sound policy is to back
up and establish sales agencies.
Following that idea we went to all the boards of trade and asked for
seats on the exchange. The only place we got through was at Minne-
apolis. There are 3,300 contracts in Minnesota and about 6,200 in North
Dakota, and they should all function through that exchange at Minne-
apolis. These contracts are with individuals, in some instances tied up
to the elevators, but in a great many instances floating around Dakota.
A certain percentage of the people move every year. In Minnesota and
Dakota the proportion is larger than in Iowa. The result is that in Wash-
ington, Montana, Oregon, Idaho, and in every little town in the Dakotas
men can be found who are signers of these contracts, which were to be
the foundation of the business and are now floating all over kingdom
come. That is why I say the individual is not the man to tie this propo-
sition to. This is a grain institution and it cannot be used for any othsr
purpose. We must tie it to the co-operative elevator, because if 20, or
30, or 40 per cent of the membership around that elevator moves next
spring it will be the business of the elevator to go out and get in con-
tact with the new men that come into the community — obviously a thing
the men at the Chicago office cannot do.
Denied Seat on Grain Exchange
Now, if we could go out and get fifty or seventy-five elevators in Illi-
nois that are friendly, it would give us something to start with. The
boards, generally speaking, are friendly but there is need of educational
work with the managers. If we had fifty co-operative elevators in Minne-
sota, and from fifty to one hundred here in Iowa we would have a nucleus
around which to build a sales agency. We would be starting on the
ground.
We couldn't get seats on the exchange. We didn't go to the board and
try to do anything out of the ordinary. We didn't undertake to get onto
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 399
the board of trade and then violate the rules. We made a straight-out
application. That application was approved by the president of the
board — and it was endorsed by vice president of the First National Bank
of Chicago. We had some standing with those gentlemen who sponsored
this application for a seat on the exchange. I didn't try to get a seat
myself personally. I told the committee when they advised me to drop
the application, or to withdraw it and put in a personal application and
they would suspend the rules and get me a seat on the exchange, that
I was acting for the farmers' organization and I expected to make good.
Policy Not One of Destruction }
So, they turned us down. The status is fixed. That was the real ob-
ject in making them pass on it — to fix the status, to find out if they ever
seriously contemplated letting us in there. Now the status is fixed and
they say we cannot come in. I have accepted the challenge to fight it
out on behalf of the farmers of this country. You stand behind this
proposition and we will win. And we will win without destroying any-
thing. We will not destroy the board of trade, we will not destroy a
thing that is of any advantage in the marketing of grain.
Confidence in the proposition has been shaken. There were two fac-
tions on the board, and it became a question who would control the U.
S. Grain Growers. They went out to the farmers for votes without regard
to what happened. And it has all come about because we had an un-
sound policy of proceeding in the Farm Bureau Federation. We encour-
aged the Committee of. Seventeen and it worked out the plan. We car-
ried them along with all the expense money they needed, and allowed
them to function 100 per cent. They had the services of the best lawyers
in the country, but when that child was born we left it to the tender
mercies of anybody that wanted to jump on it. It also fell victim of the
personal ambitions of several men on the board, and with all these diffi-
culties the child couldn't live.
To have permitted that policy to be followed was wrong for the Amer-
ican Farm Bureau Federation. If we are going to encourage these
organizations in the marketing of our products we have got to stand
behind them and see that they function efficiently, so that nobody can
disturb them. We have done it in the live stock business against the
advice and prejudice of almost every shipper in the country, and we
made it go because we drove it along roughshod over every obstacle that
was put in its way. We believed it to be businesslike and sound, and
we stayed by it, and gentlemen, it has won.
The board of supervisors of the board of trade will not let you func-
tion down there. They are fighting for their lives. How soon you can
get a decision from the supreme court I do not know. We are going to
attempt to build a sales agency, and we are going to have some more
activity next week if we have your approval.
RESOLUTIONS
We, the members of the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation, in convention
assembled at Des Moines, Iowa, January 12th, 1923, pledge our support
to the principle of co-operation and to improve in every way possible the
400 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
agricultural interests of the great commonwealth of Iowa, economically,
educationally and social through the united efforts of the County Farm
Bureau.
That we urge upon our members the necessity of real organization and
call their attention to the work that has been done by other organizations
through loyalty and earnest support given their organizations which have
been grappling with their problems.
That we believe programs of publicity based upon accomplishments of
the Farm Bureau Federation — of which there is a proud list — will prove
far more effective in gaining and holding the support of farmers than the
exploitation of plans and untried theories.
That if farm organizations and cooperative enterprises are to escape
public disapproval the strictest economy and business judgment must be
exercised in the preparation of budgets and the subsequent expenditure
of funds.
That we recommend the State and National Farm Bureau Federations
exercise careful supervision of any cooperative marketing projects which
they may promote, to the end that they be protected against extravagant
and incompetent management.
We oppose appropriations through Congress or otherwise for the in-
auguration of new projects which require the state to co-operate on a
fifty-fifty basis.
That we condemn the exploitation of National natural resources for
private gain, and urge a more active national policy of conservation to
prevent waste and to curb mercenary motives.
That we look with suspicion on all projects that need to be subsidized,
and are unalterably opposed to the ship subsidy bill now before Congress.
We recommend a budget law that will compel an estimate to be made
in advance of all expenditures of public funds, and then prevent all
boards or commissions from exceeding such estimate except in extreme
emergency cases upon order of court, or duly instituted authority, and
an amendment to the law so that county funding bonds cannot be issued
without a vote of the people.
We ask that such changes be made in the present road law as will
require all expenses of every kind for the relocation, building, mainte-
nance and surfacing of the primary roads shall be paid out of the primary
road fund.
We favor the right of any unit which voted for a paving proposition
on a proper petition and after providing fully for all existing obligations,
to hold a second election which may reverse such decision.
That we urge the producers by their patronage to show their confidence
in the producer owned and controlled marketing organizations which
were established at the various market centers upon the insistent demand
of the shippers.
We urge Congress to revise the National warehousing act, and our
Legislature to so amend the State warehousing act that the farmer may
take advantage of local elevator storage, and to make under proper con-
ditions storage on the farm and issue of warehouse receipts possible.
We heartily indorse the principles voiced by President Harding declar-
ing the sacred right of men to quit their work, individually or collec-
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 401
tively. It is the duty of the government to protect every man who de-
sires to work from interference or molestation.
That we appreciate the service of the Iowa Farm Credit Corporation
and indorse its efforts to give financial aid on long and intermediate
time loans.
That we urge Congress to establish an effective quarantine to hold in
check the European corn borer.
We recommend the adoption of an Intermediate Agricultural Credit
bill, and urge its early passage by Congress.
We are opposed to the manufacture and sale of filled milk.
We demand of Congress the early passage of the truth in fabric bill.
We are in favor of amending the present auto license law to make it
more equitable by allowing a reduction of ten per cent annually for five (
years.
We strongly recommend the license fee on commercial trucks and auto
busses be greatly increased, and that rate of increase be multiplied in
proportion to weight of load and speed.
We demand an amendment to the income tax law for the taxing oC
stock dividends on the same basis as other dividends.
That we heartily indorse the work of the boys and girls clubs, and we
urge every County Farm Bureau to provide a place in their program for
work for this activity.
We recommend legislation providing that State funds shall be deposited
in the county where paid, and drawn upon by the State Treasurer for
monthly disbursements on a pro rata basis. Surplus public funds should,
so far as practical, be available to all communities.
We are in full accord with the movement under way to prevent the
shifting of the tax burden from the railroads of the State onto the owners
of farm land.
The measure of ability to pay taxes for the support of the National
and State Government is NET INCOME, and the bulk of the taxes should
be levied and collected on that basis. The tax should be progressive;
that is, the greater the income the higher the rate.
We demand that there be no increase in appropriations or tax levies.
We are opposed to a sales tax.
We recommend that the laws be so amended that the appraised value
of all cattle tested for tuberculosis be at their assessed valuation.
Whereas, our present transportation system has been found inadequate
for present day needs, we urge upon Congress the enactment of such leg-
islation as will bring about the immediate construction of the proposed
Great Lakes-St. Lawrence and Mississippi Deep Water-way projects.
Whereas, it is impracticable for the Interstate Commerce Commission
to attempt to supervise the distribution of cars as between individual
shippers throughout the United States; and
Whereas, there should be some governmental authority within reason-
able reach to which appeal can be made to require equitable distribu-
tion of cars without regard to whether the same are to be used for ship-
ments interstate or intrastate:
Therefore, be it resolved, That we respectfully urge upon Congress the
amendment of the Interstate Commerce Act in such way that the regula-
26
402 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
tory authorities of the States may make reasonable orders and regula-
tions not in conflict with federal law, or with lawful orders of the Inter-
state Commerce Commission, requiring cars within the respective bor-
ders of such states to be equitably distributed to shippers desiring the
same, without regard to whether they are desired for use in shipments
that are interstate or intrastate.
We urge upon Congress the repeal of Section 15a of the Interstate Com-
merce Act as amended by the Esch-Cumimins Act and the making of
such other amendments thereto as shall clearly limit and define the
power as exists between the Interstate Commerce Commission and State
Commission that there may be no misunderstanding that the State Com-
missions definitely have the same authority over rates as existed before
the enactment of the Transportation Act.
We are opposed to the granting of indeterminate franchises to public
utilities.
We indorse the action of the Agricultural Bloc in Congress in their
efforts to help agriculture.
That we have the utmost confidence in the ability and willingness of
the Iowa Congressional Delegation to use every possible means of in-
vestigating Muscle Shoals in order that they may intelligently consider
the future policy of the project from the standpoint of giving the greatest
protection to the Government investment therein, and the fullest pro-
tection to the public interests for the future, and pledge our support to
their efforts.
We recommend an amendment to the Smith-Lever Act granting more
privileges to County Agents and Home Demonstration Agents in their
co-operative work with farm organizations.
We indorse the principle of co-operative marketing.
Co-Operative Marketing
We wish to indorse the resolutions on co-operative marketing adopted
by the American Farm Bureau Federation at its annual convention in
Chicago, December 11-14, 1922.
RESOLVED:
(1) That we urge further progress toward proper marketing of farm
products as co-ordinate with economic production in equalizing the pres-
ent handicap of the American farmers;
(2) That the American Farm Bureau Federation shall continue to give
outstanding attention to the marketing problem and continue the policy
oi strengthening and encouraging co-operative commodity marketing or-
ganizations;
(3) That the American Farm Bureau Federation maintain a division of
co-operative marketing, to be managed and directed by capable and ex-
perienced co-operative marketing specialists;
(4, That this division shall in«every possible way stimulate and pro-
mote the co-operative marketing movement in the United States and
shall plan and carry out an extensive national educational campaign for
co-operative marketing of farm products;
(5) That the American Farm Bureau Federation, acting through this
division, shall formulate the fundamental principles of true commodity
REPORT OF IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION 403
co-operation as exemplified in the history and experience of successful
farmers' co-operatives and give the same wide circulation;
(6) That this division shall tender its services as counselor and advisor
to state and district organizations and agencies on questions relating to
type and plans of organization, campaign methods, problems of operation
and other related subjects;
(7) That this division shall endeavor to unify or co-ordinate all organi-
zations, agencies and interests in behalf of a comprehensive and united
program of co-operative marketing in the United States;
(8) That the Farm Bureau Federations, National, State and County,
should be active in educating producers of farm and live stock products
to the advantages offered by the co-operative marketing agencies that
have been and shall be established, stressing the fact that the success
of these agencies depends primarily upon the loyalty and patronage of
the producers themselves.
Co-Operative Egg and Poultry Marketing
WHEREAS, many local Farm Bureau communities in many states have
developed co-operative marketing units for eggs and poultry, and
WHEREAS, these local units have had to work independently and to
their disadvantage in marketing their products,
THEREFORE, we recommend that the American Farm Bureau Fed-
eration, as soon as practicable, call a conference of State Farm Bureau
workers and others interested in the poultry industry to develop plans
for centralized marketing of eggs and poultry.
The Iowa Farm Bureau Federation expresses to President Hunt and
Secretary Cunningham the fullest appreciation and sincere thanks for
their loyalty, faithfulness and sacrifice. More especially do we recom-
mend the many accomplishments of the year, and for the sound aggres-
sive and forward looking policies which they have put into operation,
and which they are developing, and which will mean so much to the
accomplishments of greater benefit to farmers and to agriculture in the
future.
Likewise we commend and thank the Executive Committee, the sub-
ordinate officers and the special workers who have served as loyally,
faithfully and efficiently for the good of the farmer and his cause.
IOWA FARM BUREAU FEDERATION OFFICIALS AND COMMITTEES
President, C. W. Hunt, 410 Observatory Bldg Des Moines
Vice President, Chas. E. Hearst Cedar Falls
Secretary, E. H. Cunningham, 410 Observatory Bldg Des Moines
Executive Committee
First District, Z. S. Ratliff Mt. Pleasant
Second District, C. F. Coverdale Delmar
Third District, A. L. Middleton Eagle Grove
Fourth District, L. S. Fisher Edgewood
Fifth District, Burt H. Neal • Mt. Vernon
Sixth District, I. N. Taylor Oskaloosa
Seventh District, J. A. Hansman Gilbert
404 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART V
Eighth District, J. H. Lyman Corning
Ninth District, W. W. Latta Logan
Tenth District, J. H. Nordhausen Manson
Eleventh District, Oscar Heline Marcus
Women's Work
Mrs. Ellsworth Richardson, Director Pella
First District, Mrs. E. L. Russell Danville
Second District, Mrs. H. Woodward Williamsburg
Third District, Mrs. Heike A. Rust Sheffield
Fourth District, Mrs. George Pecham Castalia
Fifth District, Mrs. Roy Joslin Anamosa
Sixth District, Mrs. Clarence Decatur Grinnell
Seventh District, Mrs. Jacob Solberg. Nevada
Eighth District, Mrs. Harley Condra Seymour
Ninth District, Mrs. Gene Cutler Logan
Tenth District, Mrs. Ives Irvington
Eleventh District, Mrs. John Wilkin Correctionville
PART VI
State Food and Dairy Commissioner's Report for Year
1922
R. G. CLARK, Commissioner
We whose lots have been cast in Iowa have much to be thankful
for. The oft-repeated expression that we live in the best state in the
Union has more to it than mere local pride. If all the states were
scored (a term used in this department in grading) I doubt if there
is one that would equal ours. Iowa is indeed a wonderful state. It
is first in so much and a close second so often I am afraid that we
are becoming more or less indifferent to our own resources and
opportunities. You hardly take up a paper that you do not run
across an article giving interesting information about our state, like
the following:
"MORE REASONS FOR CONFIDENCE IN IOWA"
"The average value per farm including all farm property in Iowa
is $39,941.10. The same average for the entire United States is
$12,084.00. Iowa's nearest competitor is Illinois and our total farm
values exceed theirs by $1,703,778,724," and so on with a series of
comparisons that seem almost too good to be true.
Farming is the big business of this state and it is a business that is
susceptible to all the intelligence and experience that one may put
into it. I want to say here that at no time in its history have the
teachings of our agricultural colleges, experimental stations, and
associations which have their representatives in every community ex-
tolling the virtues of the pure bred, been listened to and acted upon
as at present.
The deflation through which this country has gone during the last
year and a half hit the farmer first, and on him was the most severe,
with the result that all now agree more attention must be paid to
diversified farming. That means a better utilization of feed grains
and crop by-products, by feeding out a great number of beef cattle,
by winter dairying and egg production, by planting better gardens
and more small fruits. This insures to the home a wholesome variety
of foods and thereby lessening the household expenses. The margin
406 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
between income and outgo must be widened if the present values of
our farms are to be sustained. The land owner as well as the renter
has a right to expect more than a mere living. They got that when
they did not have one-sixth as much invested in a farm as now. It is
our fundamental business ; and if anyone is entitled to a living wage
it is they who do the work on our farms, and if anyone is entitled
to a fair interest on their investments it is the owners of these farms.
Diversified farming with a good dairy herd, be it large or small, as
the center of operations will come nearer producing the desired re-
sult one year with another than almost any other plan. Farming is
not a job any longer; it is becoming a science, and must be so treated
if the farmer expects to get the returns we have already said he is
entitled to. If one-half of what is claimed for the pure bred is true
and if one-half of what is charged against the scrub can be believed,
there must be a tremendous waste on our farms at present, for it is
claimed that not over 15 per cent of the stock is pure bred and some
set it as low as 10 per cent. Again when you consider what a small
per cent of the butter that is made brings the top price, and that the
remainder sells from two to ten cents per pound less, you are once
more reminded that this department has plenty of work ahead. It is
more or less thus in all branches of agriculture.
I do not say this as a reflection on what is being done, but simply
to show that notwithstanding all the improvements that have been
made we are a long way from getting out of the average farm all
that it can be made to produce. Conditions are so much better than
a year ago that much of the gloom that was so depressing then has
largely disappeared. We are looking forward to one of the most
successful years that this department has enjoyed.
The reviewing of the work for the last year and my recommenda-
tions for the coming year will be taken up under the separate heads
of the different subjects as they appear in the following pages.
DAIRY PRODUCTION
Dairying has become a powerful economic factor in Iowa. Never
in the history of the state has there been as much interest displayed
in this branch of agriculture as during the past year.
Farmers, bankers, and business men also — all consumers of dairy
products, have taken an active interest in the industry and are awak-
ening to the possibilities of dairying and what it now means to the
state in general.
REPORT OP STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER
9a
407
&&
408 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 409
Estimates of the income received by the state from dairy products
during the past year place the figures at $126,948,011.88, derived
from the following sources :
Creamery Butter ' $4S,462,805.12
Ice Cream 5,460,775.75
Market Milk 24,664,968.34
Cheese 52,821.19
Cottage Cheese 250,000.00
Farm Dairy Butter ". 11,648,000.00
Condensed Milk 408,641.48
Skim Milk and Buttermilk 16,000,000.00
Fertilizer 20,000,000.00
With the exception of creamery butter, you will find that the fore-
going figures show another decided decrease in values as compared
with the figures given in the reports of the commissioner during the
years 1920 angl 1921. I account for this by the continued decline of
prices on all our markets during the past year, as well as by a de-
crease in the amount of some of the products manufactured. In
spite of this decline in prices dairy products have been considerably
higher on our markets when compared with the market values of all
other farm products.
Conditions are now the reverse of what they were in 1918, at
which time there was a scarcity of help on the farm. The farmer's
sons and his hired men were going into the service, in many in-
stances obliging him to dispose of his cows so that he could give such
time as he had to the care of his crops. All farm products were
higher in price than dairy products, which created a tendency to sell
rather than to feed these crops.
The farmer today can obtain plenty of good farm labor at a rea-
sonable price and the price of dairy products is such that he is doing
his utmost to market all the grain and forage crops he can through
the cow and the butterfat route.
' Iowa has this year manufactured 25,427,419 pounds more cream-
ery butter than was ever produced in this state before, making this
another banner year. Production has steadily advanced during the
last two years until we are' now at what might be termed the "peak."
It is not necessary for this department to spend much time trying
to induce farmers to engage in dairying because market, financial,
and other conditions have been such that every farmer knows the
possibilities of the dairy cow. However, I do think considerable
time and effort should be spent by all dairy organizations and by the
dairy men themselves in trying to bring down the cost of production.
If production continues to increase as it has during the past two
410 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
years, market conditions may eventually be such that only those who
have paid attention to economy in production will survive.
There never was a more opportune time for dairymen to start
building up their herds by the addition and use of a pure-bred sire.
The question of the importance of the sire at the head of the dairy
herd has been discussed and proven so often that it is almost an
axiom. Almost everyone realizes that a man's future with his dairy
herd depends almost entirely on the bull he uses now. Nearly every
farmer knows that he should head his herd with a pure-bred bull of
advanced registry, or registry of merit breeding. In the past, the
cost of this kind of sire has. prevented many from making a pur-
chase ; however, at the present time, anyone can purchase bulls with
the best of breeding at a nominal figure.
I am at this time heartily in favor of the better sire campaigns
which have been inaugurated and especially do I think that commu-
nity breeding by means of the co-operative bull clubs will bring about
more economical production and assure dairy prosperity.
The foundation for the industry in this state has been laid care-
fully and sound. As an indication of this, I have but to refer you
to the scores of sanitary, modern creamery buildings of fireproof
construction erected the past few years by farmers' co-operative
associations, which are taking the place of older frame buildings,
which indicates that the farmers are planning to stand by this in-
dustry.
Although this country has manufactured more dairy products than
was ever produced in one year before, it is gratifying to know that
consumption has kept pace with production, which is indicated by
the fact that there is less butter in cold storage November 1, 1922,
than on that date in 1921, the public having consumed all of this
year's enormous increase. We are inclined to believe that this is due
to the continued decline in prices, which has enabled everyone of
moderate means to use creamery butter instead of oleomargarine,
which was in demand when butter was beyond their reach in price.
However, much credit should be given the publicity and educa-
tional campaigns which the dairy organizations have carried on
through the National Dairy Council. This work has tended to
awaken the public to the necessity and value of dairy products in
the diet. The results of this work have been especially noticeable
during the past year.
Consumption within the state has also kept pace with production,
as reports from creameries show that they sold 25,714,769 pounds
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 411
at home, which is 3,087,486 pounds more than they disposed of
locally during 1921. The following table showing the amount of
creamery butter sold in Iowa during the past ten years may be of
interest :
1912 12,694,729 lbs.
1913 14,716,555 lbs.
1914 15,105,725 lbs.
1915 15,842,119 lbs.
1916 16,439,883 lbs.
1917 12,958,678 lbs.
1918 16,827,457 lbs.
1919 15,842,119 lbs.
1920 18,719,251 lbs.
1921 22,627,283 lbs.
1922 25,714,769 lbs.
The foregoing figures represent butter manufactured by Iowa
plants and does not include butter consumed within the state manu-
factured by plants located in adjoining states.
Please note that the consumption during 1922 is practically twice
the amount consumed during 1917.
CREAMERY BUTTER
OXE OF IOWA'S BIGGEST ASSETS
Iowa went over the top during 1922, and we have another banner
year in the production of creamery butter. Our creameries manu-
factured 124,168.089 pounds of butter, which is 25,740,419 pounds
more than was ever manufactured in this state before.
The foregoing figures show a gain of 25.7 per cent over 1921 and,
although the market price has declined during the year, the total
value of creamery butter manufactured has increased, due to the
enormous increase in production.
This year's output sold for $48,462,805.12. This is $565,999.83
more than the total value last year. We are satisfied that the quality
of Iowa butter is steadily improving. The past few years show some
rapid strides forward being made in a great many communities,
especially where cream grading, scoring, and improvement contests
have been started.
The progress with this line of work was at first very slow, but as
the work progressed and results began to appear, creameries became
interested until at the present time the Dairy Extension Department
of the Iowa State College, who have had charge of this work, are
unable with their small force of men to accommodate all of the
creameries desiring to get started with this work.
Some of the dairy inspectors in this department have been assist-
ing as much as their other duties would permit and no doubt during
412 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
the coming year we can arrange to be of a great deal more assist-
ance than we have in the past, providing we begin early in the year
to plan our work and outline a plan whereby we can co-operate with
the creameries and everyone interested in this work, with the idea in
mind of getting as many plants as possible interested.
Grading of cream has many advantages and few disadvantages.
Such work should be thoroughly studied first. More failures are
due to the fact that a careful study of the problem has been neg-
lected than any other one thing. If you have never paid according
to grade the best thing to do is to get in touch with this department,
the dairy department of the Iowa State College, or some creamery
where they are grading successfully.
Not all of the interest in grading and cream improvement has been
centered in the co-operative plants, as practically all of the large
,-X' T. • 4 - -,
These pigs were started on their rations at the same time. The one on
the left had wheat meal and wheat gluten as its source of protein; weight,
55 lbs. The one on the right received wheat meal and skimmed milk in
approximately the proportions 1 to 1, weight, 165 lbs.
centralized plants in this state have been holding meetings, etc., dur-
ing the past year and are completing plans for the adoption of a
grading program for their many stations which are distributed over
the entire state.
Early last spring -the creameries operating stations in Monroe,
Appanoose, Wapello, Davis, Jefferson, Van Buren, Henry, Lee and
Des Moines counties, located in the southeastern part of the state,
started a grading program as a sort of tryout or experiment and,
although the proposition was not pushed as it should have been and
was not followed up properly, yet the results were such that all the
companies interested are satisfied and are at this time outlining an
extensive program for the coming year.
We have during the past year found that the regulations covering
cream grading which have been issued by this department needed
some slight changes, and, after consulting the dairy department of
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 413
Iowa State College and representatives of all the creamery and dairy
organizations, we have now amended them so that we think they
cover the situation thoroughly.
MARKET MILK
The increased production of market milk noted last year has con-
tinued during this year and much to my gratification statistics gath-
ered by the department show that there has been an increased con-
sumption of this valuable food.
Figures compiled show a 10 per cent increase in the use of mar-
ket milk, while the value this year of all market milk sold in the state
was $24,664,968.34, as against $24,869,492.83 last year. This is
accounted for by a reduction in the price.
The value of milk in the diet, especially that of children, cannot
be overestimated. The experimental evidence which has been ob-
Plant oils lack vitamine A, without which growth cannot proceed. The
rat on the left received 5% of cotton seed oil and the one on the right 1.5%
of butterfat instead of cottonseed oil; otherwise the rations were alike and
the rats were the same age.
tained is so overwhelming in its results that every diet should con-
tain a liberal amount of milk. Numerous cases are on record where
under-weight and under-nourished children have been brought up to
normal by adding milk to their diet. Many of our public schools are
giving the children milk to drink each day and in every case an im-
provement is noted in the studies and the appearance and activity of
the children. Milk furnishes the material to make bones and teeth,
and keeps the heart beating regularly, strengthening the nerves and
every part of the body. It has a growing force which makes weak
bodies grow into strong ones and keeps healthy bodies healthy. In
addition to the mineral salts and the easily digested proteins con-
tained in milk, there are the vitamines so essential to growth and
proper development of the body. Many experiments have been con-
ducted on animals to show the presence of vitamines in milk, which
414
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
produce these results, and in every case the animal which received
milk in its diet develops normally, while the animal deprived of milk
is backward and under-weight.
In noting the value of milk as a food it is understood that refer-
ence is made to milk that is produced from healthy cows and handled
with due regard to its cleanliness. This department, for a number
of years, has been doing much work to improve and keep safe the
These two dogs were fed the same diet except that the larger dog re-
ceived milk. They are both from the same litter.
milk supply of the various cities of the state. Frequent tests and
inspections of the dairies are made with this in view. Many cities
have passed ordinances regulating the quality of milk. The value
of milk as a food and the need to have it pure is generally realized.
To stimulate interest among dairymen for milk of high quality,
the department holds an annual market milk contest between the
different cities in the state. This contest is held the week previous
to the Dairy Cattle Congress and the results and samples of the milk
are placed on display there. Council Bluffs had the highest score
with 82.67 points; Mason City was second with 80.88 points, and
Dubuque third with 78.57 points.
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 415
ICE CREAM
The ice cream industry has gone through another strenuous year,
with both manufacturers and retailers doing their best to get back
to normal. This they have accomplished so far as high manufactur-
ing costs, express rates, shortage of ice, and poor collections would
permit.
Both the retail and wholesale price was reduced somewhat. This
has had a tendency to increase consumption. Figures we have been
able to compile show that 5,748,185 gallons were manufactured this
year, as compared with 5,580,763 gallons during 1921.
Although we have had an increase in the amount manufactured,
there has been a decrease in the total value.
Total sales of the product during 1922 amounted to $5,460,775.75,
as compared with $6,138,839.30 during 1921, which is due, of course,
to the decline in price.
High express rates have been a disadvantage to some manufac-
turers and have compelled some to establish small plants at different
points in the state which has enabled them to eliminate long hauls
by express.
We hope that a great many of the difficulties confronting this in-
dustry in Iowa can be overcome and ironed out during the coming
year. On account of its palatability and food value, there is no other
product that is sometimes termed a luxury which comes nearer being
a necessity. With this in mind, we believe that the sooner we re-
turn to a generous ten-cent dish of ice cream, the greater the con-
sumption will be and the consumer will be thereby benefited because
of the essential life-giving properties contained in this popular dairy
product. This increased consumption will likewise be of financial
benefit to both manufacturer and dealer.
CONDENSED MILK
Iowa's two condenseries increased their output this year. Their
product sold for $408,641.48, as compared with $372,678.05 during
1921.
This state imports large quantities of this product; in fact, pro-
duction never has equaled the demand. Imitation evaporated milk
has been making considerable headway in this state due to the fact
that it retails for less money and the merchant with most brands has
a larger margin of profit, which encourages him to push the sale of
the imitation product in preference to genuine condensed milk.
We have found many merchants advertising and selling these
imitation products as regular condensed milk and the department
416 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
has found it necessary to make numerous prosecutions of these of-
fenders.
Imitation evaporated milk, or, as it is more commonly known,
"filled milk," is condensed skim milk to which has been added
cocoanut oil which was designed to take the place of the butterfat
which the milk originally contained.
We believe it is unfair to allow manufacturers to place on the mar-
ket in the state of Iowa a product which has been deprived of a large
amount of its food value. Wisconsin and several other states have
already passed laws prohibiting the manufacture and sale of "filled
milk." In Wisconsin the constitutionality of this law was con-
tested and the courts have held that it was constitutional.
A bill known as the "Voight Filled Milk Bill" is also before con-
gress at this time, which prohibits the interstate shipment of this
product. This bill passed the house of representatives with a large
majority and is now being considered in the senate.
We believe that a law similar to the Wisconsin law should be
passed in this state.
CHEESE
The manufacture of cheese in this state is almost a thing of the
past and unless conditions change a cheese factory soon will be
looked upon as a relic of bygone days.
During 1920 we had seventeen factories operating; during 1921
this was reduced to ten, and we now have but five who have been
able to survive and continue operations.
These five factories only manufactured 256,415 pounds of cheese
during the past year. This is a lamentable condition, as this state
consumes large quantities of cheese and we have a great many com-
munities that could be benefited by establishing cheese factories.
THE STATE BUTTER MARK
Increased interest concerning the use of the Iowa butter mark
has been very noticeable on the part of both the creameries and the
butter buyers during the past year. More creameries have qualified
for the use of the brand this year than have ever qualified during
any year since the brand was established. Most of those qualifying
during the past year have been located in Bremer county, and we
hope during 1923 that the creameries in this county will be able to
say that they are 100 per cent state brand.
The fact that so many creameries located in one county have
started using the brand has attracted the attention of a great many
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 417
buyers and several of them have been negotiating to purchase the
entire output of all these plants, getting the product together at some
central point and shipping to the markets in carload lots.
We believe as more creameries begin using the state brand and
larger quantities of this quality of butter are available that the com-
petition and interest on the part of buyers will be more noticeable.
We also believe that the consumers of this state are anxious to ob-
tain our state brand butter and are willing to pay a premium for it
providing the creameries will get together and arrange to place their
product on our home markets.
License No. 1 was issued to the Strawberry Point Farmers'
Creamery in May, 1916, and since that time 18 creameries have been
issued licenses, 2 of which have been forced to discontinue the use
of the brand, which was due to various local conditions affecting
both plants.
We think that the butter makers who have been able to line up
their creameries so that they could meet the strict requirements nec-
essary to be able to use this brand have never been given as much
credit as they should have had for the pioneer work they have done ;
neither have they or the creameries using the brand had the publicity
due them.
The state of Iowa created and adopted the state trade-mark for
butter manufactured in the state of Iowa "for the purpose of insur-
ing a higher standard of excellence and quality, and to insure a more
healthful product for consumption at home and abroad." Further-
more, it is the purpose of the law to promote educational work which
will assist the Iowa butter makers in producing the butter to be
marketed under the state trade-mark and thereby secure a more
uniform butter market and a higher market value for the butter.
The mark as adopted consists of a heavy circle with an inner light
circle, the center space being occupied by an outline of the map of
Iowa and within the outline shall appear in prominent letters the
words, "Iowa Butter." In the space above the outline and within
the light circle shall appear the words "First Quality. License No.
" and the words "State Butter Control" shall be inserted in the
space below the outline of the map and within the light circle.
Said trade-mark and its use and regulations shall be in charge of
and under the control of an executive committee of five members,
consisting of the president of the Iowa State Dairy Association, the
president of the Iowa State Butter Makers' Association, the dean of
the Division of Agriculture of the Iowa State College of Agriculture
41S
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
and Mechanic Arts, the professor of Dairying of the same institu-
tion and the Dairy and Food Commissioner of the state of Iowa.
The state trade-mark shall be controlled, used, manufactured and
issued under such rules and regulations as may be found necessary,
from time to time, by the executive committee. Such executive com-
mittee shall have power to make such changes in the rules and regula-
tions for the use of the said trade-mark as it may from time to
time deem necessary.
^S5
L
IOWA
BUTTER
LICENSE NUMBER
>»f
Trade-Mark Adopted for First Quality Iowa Butter.
The rules governing the use of such trade-mark shall be published
by, and through bulletins issued by the State Dairy and Food Com-
mission. Such labels, stamps, or other means of imprinting such
trade-marks upon the manufactured product, or the receptacles con-
taining the same shall be furnished to those entitled to the use
thereof by the State Dairy and Food Commissioner at actual cost.
RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING USE OF THE IOWA BUTTER
TRADE-MARK
1. Butter sold under the trade-mark shall be manufactured in a
creamery which meets the requirements of the Iowa Sanitary Law.
Such creameries shall obtain a score of 85 or above, 100 being per-
fect, scored in accordance with the Iowa State Score Card for
creameries.
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 419
2. The butter shall obtain a score on the quality of not less than
93 points, 100 being perfect, on 75 per cent or more of the scoring.
A creamery obtaining a score on butter below 92, or a creamery that
has more than 25 per cent of its scoring below 93, shall forfeit its
right to the use of such trade-mark until such time as the creamery
is again in a position to meet the necessary requirements.
3. All butter marked with the Iowa state mark shall comply with
the Iowa state standards and contain not less than 80 per cent of
butterfat, and shall contain less than 16 per cent of moisture. No
preservative, neutralizer or adulterant shall be added to butter or to
cream from which the butter is to be manufactured.
4. Butter sold under said mark shall be manufactured from
cream, which has been pasteurized, either in the form of milk or
cream. Pasteurization shall consist in heating the milk or the cream
to a temperature of not less than 140 degrees F. and holding above
140 degrees F. for a period of not less than 20 minutes, or heating
the milk or cream to a temperature of not less than 180 degrees F.
when flash heat is applied.
5. If the butter is solid packed in tubs, the tubs shall bear the
Iowa state mark on two opposite sides, the marks shall be placed
immediately below the upper hoop or hoops, said mark to be three
inches in diameter. In addition to the markings as stated, the top
surface of the butter shall bear an imprint of the said mark, this im-
print to be five inches in diameter and the imprint into the butter
shall be from one-sixteenth to one-eighth of an inch in depth. But-
ter in boxes either solid packed or in print, shall bear similar mark-
ings on both ends of the boxes as those placed on the outside of the
tubs. A similar imprint shall be made into the butter if solid packed.
6. The date of manufacture of the butter shall be marked on the
outside of the tub or box close to the state mark, in letters not less
than one-half inch in height, the same being placed in the following
manner: 12;5 The figure 12 designates the number of the month
b ° °
the figure 6 designates the day of the month, and the figure 5 desig-
nates the number of the churning on that day. Thus for the above
markings the reading would be that the butter was manufactured on
the twelfth month, sixth day and was the product of the fifth churn-
ing.
7. Parchments for print butter may be marked with the state
trade-mark. The size of such markings shall be two inches in diam-
eter. At this time the board does not require the marking of the
date on individual prints.
420 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
8. Application, in writing, shall be made to the State Dairy and
Food Commissioner, who after having satisfied himself that the
manufacturer is qualified to comply with all the requirements will
issue permit to use the state mark and also furnish copies of the
mark and necessary equipment to the applicant. No other stamp
or marking shall be used unless the same shall meet with the approval
of the State Dairy and Food Commissioner.
9. Any creamery obtaining the privilege of using the Iowa state
mark shall immediately upon request from the executive committee,
send packages of butter for the purpose of scoring, to such places
and in such quantities as may be designated by the executive com-
mittee. This butter shall be taken from the most recent churning
made at the creamery. The butter after scoring will be disposed of,
as nearly as possible, in accordance with the instructions furnished
by the creamery.
10. The state dairy law makes it illegal for any person, firm,
corporation, association or individual to use the said trade-mark for
butter on their products without first complying with all the rules
and regulations prescribed by the said executive committee for the
use of the same.
11. Any person violating any of the provisions above shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be pun-
ished by a fine of not less than twenty-five nor more than one hun-
dred dollars or by imprisonment for not less than thirty days in the
county jail. [Dairy laws of the state of Iowa, section 2515-g.l
IOWA STATE DAIRY ASSOCIATION ACTIVITIES
J. P. Eves, Field Secretary
The year 1922 has shown a continuation of the dairy interest so
manifest during the previous year. The maintenance of a very sat-
isfactory butter market together with a continuation of low grain
prices has maintained the ever-increasing interest in dairying and the
demand for dairy cows. Iowa has long been following, more or less,
a so-called dual-purpose type, but during the past year a decided
change has been apparent. In practically every portion of the state
where there was a decent market for milk or butterfat, demand for
cows of our special purpose dairy breeds has been rapidly increas-
ing. This condition is gratifying since permanent dairy development
was impossible unless based on our dairy breeds as a foundation.
One drawback to the most rapid development of the industry has
been the fact that Iowa has been made more or less of a dumping
ground by neighboring states for their inferior quality dairy cattle.
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 421
In many instances, these cattle went into communities as the first
representatives of their particular breed and in such cases have
acted in retarding the development of that breed rather than increas-
ing its popularity.
Our Iowa farmers have not been accustomed to paying the prices
demanded by breeders for the highest producing quality of dairy
cattle, hence they have been inclined to buy representatives of that
breed that they could secure for their price. This condition, together
with the fact that we have had too many speculators shipping in
cattle from terminal stock yards bearing the marks of dairy breeds
and sold as high-grade dairy cows, have been severe detriments to
the industry.
Figures alone give us an idea of the actual amount- of money in-
vested by Iowa farmers in dairy cattle during the past year. Accu-
rate figures from Minnesota and from Wisconsin for the year ending
June 30, 1922, show some surprising facts. Dr. S. G. Eliason, state
veterinarian of Wisconsin, reports that 5,379 head of dairy cattle
were shipped into Iowa during the year mentioned, the total valua-
tion of which amounted to $516,240.00. Dr. Charles E. Cotton, sec-
retary of the Minnesota Live Stock Sanitary Board, reports that
during the same year Minnesota sold into Iowa 6,001 head of dairy
cattle valued at $558,260.00. These figures show that from Wis-
consin and Minnesota alone Iowa purchased 11,380 head of dairy
cattle at a valuation of $1,074,500.00. When we consider that many
cattle were imported from Illinois, Missouri, Ohio, and other neigh-
boring states, it is a safe estimate that our farmers purchased better
than a million and a half dollars worth of dairy cattle or approxi-
mately 15,000 head. This amount of money was sent from the state
during a year that our banks were supposedly harder pressed than
any like year in their history.
These figures and the statements mentioned before would indicate
that Iowa is very rapidly turning from beef raising to dairying. I
do not want to give the impression that such a rapid change is being
made. We must consider that a percentage of the men making this
original investment in dairying are not dairy men, will not be per-
manently interested and many will be out of the business within a
very few years with little profit to show for their experience.
BREEDERS DEMONSTRATE POSSIBLE PRODUCTION BY TESTING
The dairy breeders of the state have been doing a good job of
bringing the producing ability of our representative breed more
definitely to the attention of the milking farmers. The Holstein
422 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
state milk record, which formerly stood at 26,300 pounds, has been
beaten by two cows in the same herd. O. L. Hamer, Waterloo, with
the great cow, White Beauty Concordia, and her half-sister has won
this new honor. White Beauty completed her year with a production
of 28,495.7 pounds of milk containing 1,107 pounds butter. These
records are all the more creditable when we consider that they were
made not by an experienced feeder or by one of our largest and best
equipped farms, but by a practical farmer.
The Guernsey and Jersey breeders have both made remarkable
strides. Possibly from the standpoint of state records made, the
Sherman Nursery Company, at Charles City, holds the largest place
in the limelight. Two state records have already been broken by
cows owned in this herd. Brown Lady's Little Jewel is the new
junior four-year-old champion. She produced in one year 12,290
pounds of milk containing 655.17 pounds butterfat. The other Sher-
man farm champion is the junior two-year-old heifer, Raleighs
Torono's Lady, with a year's production of 10,237 pounds milk con-
taining 563.5 pounds butterfat.
Still more important, in my opinion, is the information contained
in the annual Iowa Cow Test Association report recently issued by
the extension department at the Iowa State College. It must be re-
membered that these records are made with just common farm care
with twice a day milking, so that extreme production is not to be ex-
pected. Five herds in the state averaged over 400 pounds of butter-
fat per cow for the year. This production is two and one-half times
as much as the average herd production in Iowa. These herds aver-
aged $80.00 to $100.00 profit per cow above feed cost. Of the 322
herds tested, 62 herds averaged 270 pounds of butterfat per cow.
The foregoing statements are made to give just a little indication
of the trend of dairying in the state. The interest has been growing
by leaps, but we have discouraged rather than encouraged this rapid
change, believing that too large a percentage of these beginners
would lose rather than gain. A much more permanent and feasible
plan and one that is urged at all times is to feed the present herd
more efficiently so as to make possible maximum production; test
production of present herds in order to discard the unprofitable or
boarder cows; and then select more carefully, breed for production
dairy sires.
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 423
1922 PROJECTS
DAIRY CALF CLUB WORK
The boys' and girls' dairy calf club work has been steadily grow-
ing in popularity because it is realized as one of the safe, permanent
methods of increasing dairy interest and introducing the right kind
of dairy cattle. The kind of clubs organized during the past year
varied somewhat with previous years. With conditions unsettled,
people were more reluctant to push the purebred club, but the clubs
organized with grade calves increased in popularity.
The bankers in all parts of the state showed a splendid willingness
to co-operate and push the project whenever they were asked. This
support, of course, includes, in most instances, the entire financing
of the club.
The number of clubs organized does not indicate the amount of
time or effort required from the office in the field. All of our pure-
bred clubs and some of our grade clubs are organized on a three-
year basis. This requires follow-up work on the clubs organized one
and two years previous in addition to those just started.
The three year or "long time" feature of our Iowa clubs is prov-
ing a very popular one because it gives each member a well-rounded
experience not only in the care of the calf, but the growing out of
that calf into a cow, the problem of selecting a correct kind of a sire
to breed to and being made to realize the possibility in reproduction
when the calves from their club heifers are dropped and the profit
to be made from the production of milk and butterfat.
1922 clubs
Pure-Bred Calves
No. of
Organized by Calves Breed
Polk Co. Guernsey Breeders' Ass'n 13 Guernseys
Fayette Co. Farm Bureau 12 Holsteins
Linn Co. Guernsey Breeders' Ass'n 13 Guernseys
Grade Calves
Hancock Co. Farm Bureau
Crystal Lake 20 Holsteins
Garner — Co-operative Creamery 7 Holsteins
2 Guernseys
Kanawha — Co-operative Creamery 7 Holsteins
2 Guernseys
Kossuth Co. Farm Bureau
Titonka 21 Guernseys
4 Holsteins
Lone Rock 9 Guernseys
4 Holsteins
Fenton 5 Guernseys
4 Holsteins
Poweshiek Co. Farm Bureau
Brooklyn 8 Holsteins
424 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
CLUB EXHIBITS AND JUDGING CONTESTS
In order to make our clubs a success much time and effort must
be spent in arranging for means of bringing members together in
friendly competition. Club exhibits, judging contests, etc., have
proven very popular, as well as their educational value. In prac-
tically all of our clubs a calf club show and judging contest was held
in connection with the county fair. At this time the five best calves
from the various clubs and the three best junior judges were selected
to compete in the contest held, under the supervision of this associa-
tion, at the Dairy Cattle Congress at Waterloo. From this contest
the three high members were selected to represent Iowa at the
National Dairy Show.
The State Calf Club Show was held at the Dairy Cattle Congress
and proved a real success, even though it was the first state exhibit.
Fifty head of splendid heifers were proudly shown by their youthful
owners.
BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION
Representatives from this association in the past have always
worked with and co-operated with the dairy breeders of the state,
but it has been our opinion that this plan could be improved upon.
Accordingly, a plan was agreed upon in which this association would
perforin a more definite work for the dairy breed associations and
could then in turn expect a more liberal and loyal membership.
This plan includes a close co-operation of this association with
the state breed associations. The representatives of the dairy asso-
ciation handle the field secretary work for the dairy breed associa-
tions, providing these organizations maintain their own organiza-
tions and finance same. The breed associations in turn guarantee
membership in the State Dairy Association. This year the mem-
bership will run very close to the 1,000 mark by the end of the year.
By this plan of co-operation, the dairy association is able to get
county breed associations to accept a definite program of work.
With all of these breeders pushing the same plan that representa-
tives of the dairy association are, there can be no doubt of the in-
creasing results. During the past year we have worked through fif-
teen such county organizations.
EXCHANGE BUREAU
Through the co-operation of the state and county breed associa-
tions, and a close touch, in this way, with all breeders of the state,
this association is able to handle a much more effective exchange bu-
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 425
reau. A pretty definite file of grade and pure-bred cattle for sale in
the state is kept at the association office and, in this way, buyer and
seller are brought much closer together. We are trying to encour-
age Iowa inquirers to buy Iowa cattle because we believe they can
come more nearly finding out the real value of the animal they are
buying and can be more safely protected in their purchase.
CO-OPERATION OF EXTENSION ORGANIZATIONS
We are pleased to report that we have never experienced a more
wholehearted and sincere co-operation from dairy and extension or-
ganizations than during the past year. The extension department,
the dairy husbandry department, and the dairy manufacturing de-
partment of Iowa State College, the Dairy and Food Commission,
and the State Dairy Council have co-operated with us and given us
assistance whenever it was in their power.
PROJECTS FOR 1923
The plans for 1923 include an expansion of the work carried on
this year. One representative handled all of the work for better
than half of the past year. We are assured of the financial support
of the dairy breed associations, of membership funds, and we hope
these will be sufficient to make possible the retaining of two repre-
sentatives for the entire year, even though our small state appropria-
tion will not. Without two men it is impossible to continue the
old work in anything like an efficient manner and still handle
the increasing demands.
IOWA EGG LAW
As has been frequently stated in previous annual reports, the pur-
pose of the Iowa egg law is to promote fair dealing in eggs and in-
crease the market value of our egg crop. In justice to most of the
dealers in eggs I will say that they so take it, but there are some,
more than there should be, who seem to feel that any restriction on
their manner of doing business is an infringement upon their per-
sonal liberty.
It is the purpose of this department in making rules and regula-
tions for administering the law to not only encourage the merchant
who is disposed to be fair, but to protect him from the disastrous
results of unfair buying. Also to encourage the farmer to market
a better class of eggs. When you consider that during the spring
months when we get our best eggs it takes 45 dozen eggs on the
average to make a 30-dozen case of standard or No. 1 eggs, 15 dozen
going into secondary grades (and this does not include the bad eggs
426 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
that are rejected), you get some idea of what indifference on the part
of the farmer as to what kind of eggs he markets has to do with
the price he receives. The percentage of seconds has to be taken
into account by the packer who makes the price.
During the hot and early fall months the percentage of seconds is
much greater. There are times in the extreme hot weather when
there are scarcely any No. 1 eggs except those furnished by near-by
henneries, often No. 1 April packed storage eggs being preferred to
the current receipts. It has been estimated that this state alone
suffers a loss each year of $5,000,000.00 to $6,000,000.00 because of
the indifference of so many of our farmers as to the kind of eggs
they produce and the manner of their handling.
That it pays to give more attention to the quality of your product
is evidenced by the fact that the price paid by the merchants and
dealers in certain communities invariably ranges from two to five
cents higher than in most places. Admitting that competition may in
part account for this at times, I think you will find on investigating
that in the majority of cases the quality of the eggs enables the dealer
to pay more.
The following tabulations will be of interest, as it shows the
variations in price one month with another for the last twelve years.
Also it compares the receipts and prices of this year with those of
last. We are getting back close to pre-war prices.
EGGS
No. Doz. 1921 133,100,000
No. Doz. 1922 ■ 159,720,000
Average Price 1921 38.6c
Average Price 1922 27.26c
Total Value 1921 $51,376,000
Total Price 1922 $43,539,672
AVERAGE PRICE PAID TO IOWA FARMERS FOR EGGS ON
THE FIRST DAY OF EACH MONTH OF THE
YEARS SHOWN
Jan. Feb. Mar. April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
1910 28 28 21 18 18 17 16 14 17 20 22 25
1911 26 21 14 13 14 13 12 12 14 17 20 25
1912 27 28 23 17 17 16 15 16 17 19 22 25
1913 23 20 17 15 15 16 15 14 16 19 23 29
1914 27 26 22 16 16 16 16 16 20 21 21 26
1915 28 30 22 16 17 16 15 15 16 20 23 27
1916 28 27 22 17 18 19 19 20 21 26 30 34
1917 35 36 33 25 30 31 27 28 32 34 35 39
1918 42 47 38 30 31 28 28 33 33 39 42 51
1919 56 45 30 34 37 38 33 37 38 47 52 59
1920 55 45 39 37 38 33 37 44 48 53 64 61
1921 49 32 21 18 16 20 22 26 27 37 46 44
1922 26 23 18 20 20 16
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 427
NECESSITY FOR STRICT ENFORCEMENT OF THE SANITARY
FOOD LAWS
Sanitary food laws have been of inestimable value in procuring
for the public a safe food supply. Wholesome foods are easily made
dangerous by being handled or stored under insanitary conditions.
Methods which obtained in the manufacturing and handling of our
food supply a few years ago are a far cry from present-day methods,
due to the enactment and enforcement of sanitary laws. Food offi-
cials found it difficult and were often met with opposition in trying
to enforce these laws when they were enacted. The installation of
cases to protect foods often involved considerable expense and the
average dealer was loath to spend any money to safeguard the health
of the public. Many can recall to mind the confectionery with long
counters covered with trays of many hued candies with the prospec-
tive customer picking over and tasting the different varieties in
search of one that struck his fancy. I dare say in many cases these
counters of candy were not even covered during the process of
sweeping to remove the dust and dirt tracked in from the street on
the feet of customers, mixed with the expectorations of those pos-
sibly tuberculous.
An illustration of these conditions is recalled wherein a large de-
partment store maintained a candy department of the "hollow
square" type. The owner was advised that it would be necessary to
put the candy in cases which would protect it from the contamina-
tion with dust and dirt. Trie order was complied with with some re-
luctance, but efficient plate glass cases were installed. In visiting
this store to see if the order had been complied with, it was noticed
that the clerk was busily engaged in wiping a very perceptible layer
of dust from the top of the case. Upon inquiry as to how she liked
the new case she complained that they kept her busy cleaning off the
dust. When asked where the dust went before the cases were in-
stalled, she admitted that it must have collected on the candy. Many
even more glaring instances of food contamination can no doubt be
cited by many food officials.
In conjunction with the fight against dust and dirt in our foods
there has been waged a relentless war against the housefly, possibly
one of the greatest spreaders of the "white plague" and many other
diseases of mankind. It is a wise provision that requires the use of
proper screens over all openings in buildings or rooms where foods
are handled, but in many instances, without the occasional visit of
the inspector, these would be allowed to become full of rust holes
and worthless. Sanitary laws have been directly responsible for the
428 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
nation-wide educational campaigns, conducted in the various states,
showing by circulars sent out by boards of health and food officials,
the real menace of the common fly. His deadly work has been
painted in pictures and recited in verse. Traps have been designed
to catch him in vast numbers by means of an enticing bait and many
cities have offered rewards for the boy or girl who could catch the
largest number. Official bulletins point out his breeding places and
tell of the proper treatment of these places to destroy the eggs and
reduce his numbers. I venture the prophecy that the time will come
when the law will require the destruction of the common rat, as he
is a contaminator as well as a destroyer of foods. It is encouraging
to know that in practically every case where dealers in food products
have been compelled to install proper protection for foods that they
say they would not think of returning to the old system; in fact,
many have exceeded the requirements and invested heavily in plate
glass cases with white tile floors which are easily cleaned and dis-
play their foods in an enticing manner. Cabinet manufacturers
quickly saw the value of sanitary food display cases and many on the
market today are the last word in the cabinetmaker's art. The repu-
table dealer has likewise recognized their value and their installation
is a part of every modern grocery and market. From what I have
said it might seem that the millennium in food sanitation was near,
but we are far from it. Visit any of our large cities and you are
likely to find bakeries being operated in basements with little ventila-
tion and only artificial light and utensils of doubtful cleanliness.
These places, although comparatively few, exist for various reasons.
They have been found by the inspector and have been made to im-
prove, but the owner is a man of small means, industrious, and a
respectable citizen. He would like to have his bakery in a modern
room, but he has not the means to buy or rent such a place and we
suffer him to continue in such a place with the best possible sanitary
conditions under such surroundings. Officials are in part excusable
for such conditions, but food officials should strive for the elimi-
nation of every bakery or food factory in any basement not one-
half above the ground with ample daylight and cement floors.
There is one class of manufacturers which should not be tolerated
and that is the small bottler of soda waters who rents a shed or a
ramshackle back room and with a foot-power bottling machine and a
tub of warm or possibly cold water for washing his bottles makes
a product which he offers to the public as a cool, refreshing beverage.
In many cases these men are foreigners of the lowest class, with
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 429
little or no conception of cleanliness, and there is enough authority
in our laws to eliminate such places completely, and officials are
derelict in their duty if they permit food to be produced under such
conditions. Another problem which the food officials have to con-
tend with is the foreign grocer and butcher in the foreign sections
of our larger cities. They are in most cases naturally unsanitary and
their customers being of the same or similar extraction are content
to let them operate in this manner. Frequent inspection and the
force of the law seems to be the only method which will maintain
any semblance of proper sanitary methods and surroundings with
this class of merchants. While the sanitary laws have improved the
country slaughterhouse which was overrun with rats and surrounded
with nauseating filth, such places should be eliminated, for such an
institution has no place in modern times.
We can all remember when the butcher's wagon drove about the
city loaded with dressed meats and unprotected from the dust and
filth constantly stirred up by the wind. Bread was even transported
about unwrapped and in open delivery wagons, the driver handling
the horses and no doubt his person without any attempt at washing
his hands. The unwrapped loaves were corded up on his dirty coat
sleeve, carried into the grocery and dumped into an open basket to
be further exposed and handed to the customer by hands of doubt-
ful cleanliness. As usual, there was some opposition to protecting
these foods, but the white canvas cover is now in general use on
meat wagons and trucks and the baker has been quick to realize the
sale value of his loaf of bread wrapped in a decorated transparent
wrapper which advertised his product as well as protecting it from
all possible contamination. Viewing the past and the present the
efforts put forth by food officials to bring about these changes have
certainly been worth while and they can be justly proud that they
have had a part in this transition.
The proper control of dealers in foods can be had, I believe, by
means of a licensing system, making the license fee nominal, but
placing with it the power of refusal and revocation. Our sanitary
laws should require every person who wishes to handle foods in any
way to have his place thoroughly inspected before he is permitted to
enter the business and his license withheld if the building or room is
not suitable for maintaining in a strictly sanitary manner and a
license only issued when it is possible to comply with the law in
every detail. I believe every official who had had the enforcement of
a sanitary law will agree that if we are to maintain a safe food sup-
430 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
ply the strict enforcement of the law is of necessity and that eternal
vigilance will always be the price we must pay.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
A decade has passed since Iowa took up in earnest the subject of
properly regulating weights, measures and trade practices in gen-
eral involving these mediums of purchase and sale. True, there
was some effort made previous to that time to take care of trade
conditions, but not until 1913, when the legislature enacted a law that
was to make possible much needed reform in the various branches
of trade dealing in essential commodities through the enactment of
the weight and measure law. The dairy and food commissioner
was charged with the enforcement of this act, the duties of which
were to regulate and supervise all matters wherein questions of
quantity were involved, also the inspection of scales, weights and
measures.
That this remedial action came none too soon is well known, and
the beneficial value of such a department as a protective agency has
manifestly grown with the general trend of business and constant
changes in economic conditions.
Since the enactment of the weight and measure law in 1913 steady
advancement has been made year by year in every branch of the
work. Special investigation due to various causes are, of course,
always in order. No year passes without many of them claiming
our attention, and the past year was no exception. Conditions in the
various branches of trade must be continually looked into in order
to make sure that the persons engaged in them are living up to the
law's requirements. If at any time a particular business is not cen-
tered upon, it is because conditions in that line of trade are satisfac-
tory to the department. However, just as soon as any tendency is
discovered to overstep the bounds of honesty and fair dealing, no
time is lost in getting back to that particular branch.
There are extensive commercial enterprises which must always
be carefully watched, such as those dealing in coal, ice, groceries,
meats and co-related lines of trade. Great stress is laid on the en-
forcement of weight and measure laws, since they affect the class of
citizens who can least afford to protect themselves. Some of the
activities are enumerated here in order that the public may know of
the work' of the department.
It is the duty of this department to make an inspection of scales,
weights and measures wherever the same are kept for use in con-
nection with the sale of merchandise or other commodities sold by
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 431
weight or measurement. The testing of the many thousands of
wagon or truck scales and gasoline pumps and measuring devices re-
quires much time and labor. The reweighing of commodities in
the various stores and of loads of coal as well as checking up the
peddler or huckster, which has always given us trouble. The very
nature of the way their business is carried on makes them an object
of suspicion. These "roamers" make victims of the rich and poor
alike; they have no fixed places of business, frequently drifting fron
town to town. They have many tricks at their disposal, as their
enterprises usually are of the seasonable variety, their efforts are
generally directed toward making a clean-up in the short time they
have. Their stocks in trade may be anything from an orange to a
ton of coal, though most of them seem to take very kindly to the
produce business, for what reason can best be judged when it is
realized that in practically no other line of trade is there such oppor-
tunity to defraud. It is difficult to realize why the people in general
put so much faith in them instead of consistently dealing with
reputable merchants with established locations. So-called bargains,
which the people think they receive from peddlers are, as a rule, more
costly in the end than were the goods purchased at a store. Store-
keepers are not so apt to stake their reputations on questionable
practices.
The wagon scale or five-ton scale is being replaced by the heavy
truck scale, ten-ton and larger. With so much heavy trucking by
motors, some of which are almost as large as small freight cars,
carrying loads that require scales of large capacity to handle, larger
scales are being installed all over the state.
While in most cases incorrect scales are found weighing against
the consumer, frequently a scale is found weighing against the dealer.
In a recent inspection of coal scales a scale was found that was
giving the consumer 1,200 pounds for each 1,000 pounds. When the
inspector discovered the error and notified the dealer he was frantic
with grief and endeavored to call in all wagons which were out de-
livering coal from his bins. The scales were immediately repaired
and hereafter no patron of his place of business wTill get more coal
than is paid for.
We find material shortage from time to time in checking up the
coal dealers. We have had a number of cases against them ; in some
cases they plead guilty, in others they stood trial. In one case we
had recently the dealer plead not guilty. He was short 525 pounds
on a one-ton load. His defense was that the wind blew it away,
432 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
therefore he was not responsible for the shortage. The judge found
him guilty and fined him $15.00 and costs; he should have had the
limit.
The inspector, in another instance, made an inspection of a scale
and found the same to be 40 pounds light on each 1,000 pounds.
They were condemned. They were to weigh 250 head of fancy
beef cattle over these scales that day. The price being paid for these
cattle was 12 cents per pound and the cattle averaged 1,000 pounds
per head. The parties selling these cattle would have lost 10,000
pounds or 10 head of cattle at 12 cents per pound, amounting to
$1,200.00, a fair day's work for the buyer.
The inspectors find new scales that are not properly installed. By
making the corrections the inspector protects the dealer as well as
the public.
A unique bushel measure, made of galvanized tin, was confiscated
from an apple peddler by the inspector. The measure is guaranteed
to cheat each customer out of at least one-third {J/z) of a bushel of
apples every time it is used. The peddler had taken a heavy hammer
and banged great dents in the sides of the measure ; these dents took
up the space which should have been filled with apples when a bushel
of the fruit was sold. Housewives should purchase apples by the
pound and not by the measure. They should insist on getting forty-
eight (48) pounds for a bushel. Many of the measures used will
hold only about thirty (30) to forty (40) pounds of apples.
The department continues to receive complaints regarding incor-
rect scales and requests for scale inspections. During the year end-
ing October 31, 1922, there were 171 requests taken care of.
BREAD
We still receive complaints about loaves of bread not being
branded with the net weight, also loaves being misbranded, in that
the loaf does not weigh as much as is stated on the wrapper. We
have continually tried to remedy this practice, with only partial suc-
cess. The bakers state that the frequent fluctuation in the price of
flour compels them to change the size of the loaf. Wrappers are
purchased in large quantities branded with a certain net weight.
Then if the size of the loaf is reduced the baker, in many cases, con-
tinues to use the same wrapper, leading the consumer to believe he
is receiving a larger amount of the bread than he is.
We believe that the only remedy for this condition is a law regu-
lating the size of all loaves of bread. This is concurred in by the
United States Bureau of Standards and many of the other states.
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 433
A committee consisting of weight and measure officials and repre-
sentatives of the baking industry are drafting a uniform bread law
as a guide to states desirous of such a law. Several states already
have a standard bread law, upheld by higher courts.
GASOLINE PUMP INSPECTION
The inspection of gasoline pumps is one of the important phases
of our work. During the year ending October 31, 1922, there were
1,682 gasoline pumps inspected, of which 19 per cent were found in-
correct ; 950 measures, of which 64 were incorrect. During the last
year there has been an increase in number of gasoline pumps in-
stalled, new filling stations springing up all over the state.
Where the inspector finds a gasoline pump not delivering the cor-
rect amount, it is condemned for repairs. In one case the operator
continued to use the pump, which was measuring one-half (J/2) gal-
lon short on each five (5) gallons. Charges were filed, the defendant
plead not guilty, demanding a jury trial. The jury found him guilty
and he was fined $50.00 and costs.
Refiners and marketers of gasoline are beginning to understand
what accuracy means to them in the way of good will and increased
sales. They are very anxious that all gasoline pumps and meters are
accurate. We have been very much encouraged by the co-operation
which has been given the department by the oil companies and the
various manufacturers of these devices, with the result that the
measuring devices have been remodeled and improved upon.
The law provides that all gasoline pumps and meters shall be li-
censed, the fee being $3.00 per year.
The revenue received for the gasoline pump licenses for the year
ending October 31, 1922, is $12,867.00.
During the year ending October 31, 1922, the department has in-
spected 3,217 "heavy" scales, that is, scales used by grain elevators,
coal mines, coal dealers, railroad stock scales, sugar refineries, can-
ning factories, etc. ; 279 of this number were found incorrect and
were condemned for repairs ; 269 of these have been repaired or new
ones installed to take the place of the old ones. The revenue re-
ceived by the state for the inspection of these scales amounted to
$9,870.24.
The law provides an inspection fee for all scales over 500 pounds
up to and including 4,000 pounds capacity, which is $1.00 ; over 4,000
pounds up to and including 21,000 pounds capacity, $3.00 each;
scales over 21,000 pounds capacity, not including railroad track
28
434 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
scales, $5.00 each; railroad track scales, $10.00 each; all hopper or
automatic scales, $2.00 each.
The revenue received by the state for scale licenses is $6,108.00.
The inspection of platform, counter and cream scales is also an
important part of our work. Our records show there were 1,386
platform scales, 4,414 counter scales, 3,826 cream scales tested. Of
the total number of these scales, which is 9,626, 505 were found to
be incorrect, the same being condemned for repairs. A great many
of these were found to be weighing in favor of the public. These
scales have either been discontinued from use, replaced with new
scales or repaired.
The total revenue received by this department, which is $28,845.24,
was turned over to the state treasurer and credited to the general
fund of the state. This department is operated by a direct appro-
priation of the legislature and cannot use any of the fees collected.
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER
435
WEIGHTS OF ONE BUSHEL, ONE PECK, AND ONE QUART OF CERTAIN
PRODUCTS AS PROVIDED BY THE LAWS OF IOWA.
1 bushel
pounds
1 peck
pounds
1 quart
ounces
48
24
60
48
56
60
56
56
14
20
14
50
48
50
50
20
40
60
80
40
70
75
56
48
48
40
56
40
44
50
50
56
80
50
32
52
28
32
14
32
45
48
33
22
45
50
60
48
70
56
60
48
50
14
60
56
80
130
20
50
40
55
50
50
55
50
60
50
51
12
6
15
12
14
15
14
14
VA
5
*A
WA
12
12A
12A
5
10
15
20
10
ua
1SH
14
12
12
10
14
10
11
12^
12H
14
20
12^
8
13
7
8
3 A
8
UK
12
$A
nx-
123^2
15
12
17M
14
15
12
12A
15
14
20
323^
5
12A
10
12H
12H
UK
13H
12%
ny2
15
12A
24
12
Alfalfa Seed
30
24
28
30
28
28
7
10
7
25
24
25
25
10
20
30
Coal
40
20
35
373^
Corn, Shelled
28
24
24
20
FlaxSeed
28
20
22
25
25
28
40
25
Oats
16
26
14
16
7
16
22A
24
16^
11
22^
25
30
24
Pop Corn, Cob
35
28
30
24
25
7
30
28
Salt
40
Sand
65
Shorts
. 10
25
20
25
25
22A
25
21A
25
30
25
1 dry qt. — 67.2 cu. ins. 1 liquid qt. — 57.75 cu. ins. A dry qt. holds 14
per cent more than a liquid qt. Dry commodities must be sold by weight
or dry measure.
436 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
CANNING INDUSTRY OF IOWA
The canning industry of Iowa is a larger agricultural industry
than is realized by those not closely associated with it. In view of
this fact the following figures and information will give the people
of this state an idea of its importance and magnitude.
The principal products packed in this state are : Sweet corn, to-
matoes, pumpkin, kraut, and the winter lines of pork and beans,
hominy, lima beans, kidney beans, etc. Other products canned in
commercial quantities include green beans, beets, spinach and cher-
ries.
Iowa leads the world in canned sweet corn production. The vol-
ume of canned tomatoes is small as compared with the output of
CORN ON THE WAY TO THE CANNERY
some of the principal tomato packing states, but the quality of Iowa
tomatoes is superior. The tomato, while native to warmer climates,
grows to perfection here and judges readily concede that tomatoes
grown north of the frost belt are superior in texture and flavor. Ac-
rurate statistics on pumpkin packs of other states are not available,
but the extent of the pumpkin pack of Iowa has sufficient bearing on
the market of the country to indicate that Iowa is one of the prin-
cipal states in the production of this item.
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 437
While the volume of the sweet corn pack has reached the limit
under existing freight rates, at least for the time being, there seems
to be room for increased production of most of the other products.
The corn canning industry is suffering as the result of heavy over-
production in 1920, when the Iowa corn pack reached the total of
3,246,000 cases or 77,904,000 cans. This pack was produced at peak
prices, for corn, cans, cases, labor and all other items going into
cost of production, and had to be marketed on the falling market
for food products which characterized the year 1921. The 1921
pack was very light, but there has been a partial recovery this year.
The figures for production and market value for this year are, how-
ever, not yet back to normal.
Iowa normally packs one-sixth of the total sweet corn of the coun-
try. With the exception of the years 1913, 1915, 1917, and 1921,
Iowa has held first place in production ; the Illinois packs for each of
these years slightly exceeds the Iowa packs.
This year there were 42 plants operated for canning corn ; 11 for
tomatoes ; 6 for pumpkin, and 4 for other products.
The 1922 corn pack was 1,943,000 cases. The tomato pack was
163,819 cases.
The value of the corn pack at prevailing retail prices is $6,000,000.
The value of the pack of canned tomatoes exclusive of pulp and
catsup on the above basis is $607,676.00; the pulp and catsup pack-
will approximate $1,252,256.00 in value.
The annual expenditure for canning labor will exceed $1,000,000.
Acreages in Evergreen corn under contracts with canneries for the
past four years, together with approximate average price per ton
paid:
Average price
Year Acres Per ton
1919 47,811 $16.00
1920 47,511 14.00
1921 .14,398 9.00
1922 29,710 7.00
The average price per ton paid in 1914 was $7.00; in 1915, $8.00;
in 1916, $8.00; in 1917, $12.00; in 1918, $14.00.
Prices paid at various plants will vary from these prices by al-
lowances for haul, unloading, etc.
IOWA-NEBRASKA CANNERS ASSOCIATION
The Iowa Canners Association last year adopted a new constitu-
tion and by-laws and changed its name to Iowa-Nebraska Canners
Association to include the four active Nebraska canneries. Eighty-
438
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
one per cent of the 1922 Iowa pack, or 1,571,000 cases, was canned
by Iowa members of the association.
The activities of the Iowa-Nebraska association might be grouped
under three heads — general association activities, technological, and
sanitary inspection of member plants. General association work in-
cludes market survey and extension, freight rates, promotion of
uniformity of grades and standards of quality, business ethics,
trade statistics and data on acreage, production and stocks and their
HUSKING ROOM
movement. Technological activities include co-operative work on
problems affecting production and quality, such as improving varie-
ties of sweet corn, with respect to yields per acre and quality; seed
supply; farming; improvement of canning processes; machinery and
equipment problems; bacteriology and technology of sterilization or
processing; and container and shipping package difficulties. The
sanitary inspection of Iowa canneries by the association itself was
instituted in 1919 as a division of the activities of the National Can-
ners' Association. In 1922 the Iowa-Nebraska Canners' Associa-
tion took over this work in Iowa and Nebraska. Under this service
plants of members are inspected both before and during the packing
seasons to see that the sanitary rules of the association are complied
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER
439
with. This self-imposed and self-conducted inspection has the ad-
vantage that inspections are conducted by a cannery specialist who
is thoroughly familiar with all details of approved cannery construc-
tion, canning machinery, cannery operations, and cannery problems.
It is open to the objection that it is applicable to members only and
that the association has no police power with which to enforce com-
pliance with its sanitary requirements, and that the association and
its inspectors are legally powerless to enforce regulations against
-
2>»*iij>< in1
CANS READY FOR THE COOKER
any canner who may be inclined to ignore the inspector's recom-
mendations or instructions. During the past season the department
placed one man on the inspection of canning factories so that a gen-
eral survey could be made and a knowledge of the methods and
equipment used by each factory obtained.
His report shows that the majority of the canning factories are
properly equipped with buildings and machinery to handle their
products in a sanitary manner. Several were found, however, which
were operating in old buildings with no proper means to dispose of
waste matter, or of keeping floors and utensils clean. We expect
next year to make a preliminary inspection of these factories and
require such improvements to be made that will enable them to
440
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
handle their products with strict regard to the legal requirements
before the season opens. In case such requirements are disregarded
it will be necessary to revoke their licenses which give them author-
ity to operate. The inspection shows that the present sanitary law
is too general in its requirements for canning factories.
Written as it is so as to render it applicable to bakeries, confec-
tioneries, packing houses, slaughterhouses, dairies, creameries, res-
taurants, hotels, groceries, meat markets, and all other places where
STEAM PRESSURE COOKER
food is manufactured or stored, our sanitary law neither goes into
sufficient detail nor is sufficiently specific to meet the needs of a can-
nery law. Under the sanitary law canners have difficulty in under-
standing what is required and the determination as to whether or not
certain practices are in violation of the law is quite frequently not
possible. To remedy this difficulty the sanitary law should be
amended by adding specific requirements for canning factories.
Outbreaks of food poisoning which have occurred in the last few
years have stimulated investigations as to their cause and the Na-
tional Canners' Association, under the direction of Dr. Bigelow, has
been active in this work. Other noted workers in this field are:
Dr. M. J. Rosenau, of Harvard Medical School ; Dr. K. F. Meyer,
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER
441
of Hooper Foundation for Medical Research; Dr. J. C. Geiger, of
the U. S. Public Health Service ; and Dr. E. O. Jordan, of the Uni-
versity of Chicago. Much of their work is completed, and among
their conclusions are the following :
1. That many cases of illness are wrongly diagnosed as "ptomaine
poisoning."
2. That of the total 41 known outbreaks of Botulism, which have
occurred in this country, but 15 have shown commercially canned
foods as the cause ; most of the rest were caused by improperly pre-
pared home canned foods or home canned foods which did not keep.
3. That Botulism cannot result from consumption of properly
packed commercially canned foods.
The following shows comparatively the total sweet corn packs
of commercial canneries for the past five years expressed in cases:
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
2,280,366
2,421,953
566,498
1,200,131
2,001,544
257,296
165,492
742,491
201,969
659,087
306,188
2,300,241
2,199,344
1,112,912
1,584,064
2,032,944
488,912
372,924
512,688
309,136
389,295
419,400
2,496,000
2,225,000
1,652,000
1,360,000
2,081,000
1,014,000
635,000
586,000
456,000
777,000
268,000
3,246,000
2,271,000
1,588,000
1,544,000
2,217,000
829,000
590,000
861,000
643,000
784,000
487,000
1,190,000
1,711,000
911,000
850,000
1,130,000
564,000
576,000
709,000
573,000
440,000
189,000
1,959,000
1,939 000
1.066,000
Ohio
1,073,000
1.944,000
616,000
625,000
665,000
598,000
Missouri |
Michigan |
Delaware ^
Vermont 1
Pennsylvania J
701,000
233,000
Total
10,802,952
11,721,860
13,550,000
15,040,000
8,843,000
11,419,000
442
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
CANNING PLANTS
The following is a list of the Iowa canning companies, showing
locations of plants and products packed in 1922 :
KEY: A — Sweetcorn:C — Tomatoes; E — Green beans; F— Pumpkin; I— Hominy; J— Lima beans; K—
Kraut; N — Succotash; Q — Beets; b — Cherries; i — Pork and beans; j — Spinach; p — Pulp; r — Red kidney beans;
t — Catsup; Sp — Specialties; (N.O.) — Not operated 1922. *Designates principal office of companies operating more
than one plant.
Company
Location
Manager
Products packed
Ackley C. Co
T. J. Gilloon
A
SidR. Clift
A
C
J. W. Cuykendall
A-F
A
Baxter Bros. Co. (office, Bruns-
J. P. Baxter, Jr
A-N
Belle Plaine C. Co....
A. C. Geiger
A
Brighton C. Co
W. 0. Schafer
p-t
Cambridge Pkg. Co
Cambridge
(N.O.)
Cedar Falls C. Co. .
Cedar Falls
H. S. Gilkey...
A
E. J. Bealer
C-E-Q-b
Center Point C. Co
Clarksville C. Co
Clarksville
A
L. E. Denmire
C
C
c
Dexter-Farmer C. Co
*Dexter
E. H. Gunter
A-F
Dexter-Farmer C. Co
Van Home
Frank Woods, Supt
Al Schori
A
Elgin C. Co
Elgin
A
GilmanC. Co
Gilman
E. W. Virden
(N-0.)
Glenwood Fruit Pro
Glenwood
A. G. Beamer
c
Grimes C. Co
*Grimes
W. J. Stewart
A-F-I-J-i-r
Grimes C. Co
(N-0.)
Grimes C. Co
Pella
E. Hardy, Supt
A-F
Grimes C. Co
Perry
L. B. Reeves, Supt
A
Grimes C. Co
Rockwell City
Roy Chard, Supt
A
GrinnellC. Co
Grinnell
Geo. R. Kelley
A
Growers' C. Co
(N.O.)
Grundy C. Co
(N.O.)
GuttenbergC. Co
C.W.Lake
A
Independence C. Corporation. . . .
Iowa C. Co
F. J. Wakerwarth
A
*Vinton
G. E. Carrier
A
Iowa C. Co
Garrison
Ben McGirr, Supt
(N.O.)
Iowa C. Co
C.J. Powell, Supt....
A
Iowa C. Co
Harry Bender, Supt
Paul Reed
A
Iowa City C. Co
Iowa City
A
Iowa Valley C. Co
B. S. Schwartzbaw
O.C.Mitchell
A
KelleyC. Co
Waverly
A
Keokuk C. Co
*Keokuk
W. V. D. Maas
c
Keokuk C. Co
c
Lake Mills C. Co
Lake Mills
Irving Nelson
A
Merrell C. Co
Harlan
G. W. Kirtley
A
Marshall C. Co
A-C-E-F-I-K-N-
Marshall C. Co
J-i-j-p-r-t-Sp-
(N.O.)
Marshall C. Co
Joe Thompson, Supt
H. M. Carpenter
A
Monticello C. Co
(N.O.)
Otoe Food Pro. Co
L. E. Shannon, Supt
A. R.Tracy
A
Red Oak C. Co
Red Oak
A
Riverside C. Co
F. W. Castleman
c
Sac City C. Co
*Sac City. .
A
Sac City C. Co
A
Story Farmer C. Co
Story City
S. T. Farmer
A
Tipton Farmer C. Co
Tipton
J. LeRoy Farmer
A
Tripoli C. Association
Tripoli
L. W. Stagner
A
VirdenC. Co
L. W. Perry
A
V. F. Farmer C. Co
V. F. Farmer
A
Waterloo C. Co
S.C.Bell
A
Waterloo C. Co
0. H. Lake, Supt
A
Waterloo C. Co
A
Weir C. Co
Toledo
H. V. Weir
A
Ziegler C. & Pres. Co
F. L. Grigg
C-K-F-p-t
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 443
CONDIMENTAL STOCK FOODS
The law regulating the sale of these products requires, among
other things, that the manufacturer pay an annual license of $100.
Since the passage of this law several years ago there has been a con-
tention by some of the manufacturers of these products that if their
products were not labeled or represented as a food they were not
required to pay the license.
The department has had several cases in the courts to settle this
matter, but has never been able to get a decision in the higher courts
which would establish any certainty as to the requirements for this
class of products.
The result is that out of fifty-three manufacturers of these prod-
ucts in the state, but twenty-six have paid their licenses, and the rest
refuse on the ground that the law does not include their products. It
is unfair to these twenty-six who pay this license to permit the other
twenty-seven to operate without paying.
I would recommend that the legislature amend this law in such a
way as to clarify the situation and enable the department to enforce
it without any misgivings as to the decisions of the courts. The law
should define this class of products in such a way as to leave no
question as to who is required to pay the license.
COMMERCIAL FEEDING STUFFS
A list of commercial feeds analyzed by the department is given in
the following table. The table shows the analysis as claimed by the
manufacturer and that found by the department.
The purpose of the law is to require all commercial feeds which
are offered for sale in Iowa to be registered with the department.
This registration shows the analysis of the feed and a list of the in-
gredients of which the feed is composed. The law protects the con-
sumer against misbranded, adulterated or short-weight feeds. It
likewise protects the manufacturer of honest feeds against dishonest
competitors. The feeder is thereby enabled to select the best feeds
for his purpose by reading the label on the package.
Registrations when made are permanent, but can be changed, upon
written request by the manufacturer.
The tax tag must be on every package of feed offered for sale, ex-
cept wheat bran, shorts and middlings, rye bran, shorts and mid-
dlings, and buckwheat bran, shorts and middlings, manufactured in
this state. It is a violation of the law if this tag is not properly at-
tached to each sack of feed. These tax tags are printed in 25-pound,
444 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
50-pound, and 100-pound denominations and are furnished by the
department at 10 cents per ton.
IOWA FEEDING STUFFS LAW
100 Pounds
R. G. Clark,
Commissioner
No. S417915
This is the Iowa official tag- for a 100-pound package of feed.
Some manufacturers frequently do not attach the tax tag to each
sack, but instead put the required number of tags in the car of feed,
expecting the purchaser to place them on each sack. Often the
dealer fails to do this and in some cases claims he saw no tags when
he unloaded the car. The law requires the manufacturer to place
these tags on each sack and he should not ask the dealer to do it for
him, as the manufacturer is liable if the tags are not on each sack.
When the feeder has reason to doubt the correctness of the brand-
ing on the feed he buys he may take a fair sample of the feed and
send to the Dairy and Food Commission with $1.00 and an analysis
will be made for him. Samples should be taken from several sacks
and mixed well together and a portion of this submitted for analysis.
The department cannot make analyses for manufacturers. They
should obtain this from their own chemist or a commercial chemist.
The law makes no provision for the payment of a refund by the
manufacturer, to purchasers of feeds which have been found to con-
tain a less amount of protein than is stated on the label. Where there
is no apparent intention of the manufacturer to violate the law, we
will calculate the amount of refund on the basis of the protein defi-
ciency to be paid to the purchaser. If the purchaser is a dealer it is
understood that he will make a proper refund to each of his cus-
tomers to whom he has sold some of the feed found below the guar-
antee. Payment of the refund, however, will not restrict the depart-
ment from taking such legal action as it may deem advisable.
The analyses of feeds collected by the inspectors and reported in
the following table shows that the manufacturer is observing the law
in all but a few cases. The greatest discrepancy is found in tankage.
This is due no doubt to a failure of some manufacturers to have
REPORT OP STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER
445
each lot of tankage analyzed before it leaves the factory. From
samples of rendering house tankage submitted to the laboratory it is
our opinion that very little of this product is suitable for feeding
tankage. Much of it should be used for fertilizer.
Filling- the Cans — An interesting- part of the job of putting up Iowa's
sweet corn crop.
INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES
The law regulating the sale of insecticides and fungicides in Iowa
became effective in 1917 and since that time fruit raising has become
an industry of considerable proportions. The orchardist and the
farmer with only a small orchard has found that without proper
spraying of his fruit trees the crop is of little value.
The State Horticultural Association and the extension service of
the state college has been instrumental in instructing fruit growers
how to care for their trees and in the use of proper spraying mate-
rials. In order to determine the quality and the truthfulness of the
labels on these products the department has analyzed a large number.
Arsenicals must contain their arsenic in combined form and too
much water soluble arsenic must be avoided, as it will affect the
foliage. It is the chemical compounds of arsenic which adhere to
the foliage and wood of the tree that destroys the insects and fungi.
There is very little discrepancy between the branded analysis and
that found by the chemists of the department.
446 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
THE LABORATORY
There has been an increase in the number of samples which has
passed through the laboratory and much information has been ob-
tained as to the character of the different products covered by the
law. Farmers have been making an increased use of the laboratory
to check up the quality of the concentrates they feed and the stock
remedies they use.
The purpose of the law is to give them this service for a nominal
fee and we are glad to see them take advantage of it. Much of the
time of the chemist has been consumed in analyzing samples for
county attorneys and attending court.
The following table gives a list of the number of samples which
have been analyzed in the laboratory :
Milk and Cream 1916 Samples
Ice Cream 105 Samples
Miscellaneous Foods 217 Samples
Paints and Oils 16 Samples
Butter 272 Samples
For County Attorneys 256 Samples
Seeds 98 Sampels
Stocks Food • 38 Samples
Bacteriological 266 Samples
Total 3184 Samples
CITY MILK LICENSES
Table showing the number of milk licenses issued to city milk
dealers for each year from 1912 to 1922. In each case the year ends
on July 4th.
Year. .1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922
No... 1,908 2,038 2,189 2,365 2,729 2,858 2,936 2,718 3,061 3,455 4,708
LOCAL STATE MILK INSPECTORS OF THE STATE OF IOWA
Cities Inspectors
Boone • W. H. McLain, D. V. M.
Burlington W. F. Schroeder
Cedar Rapids Dr. A. R. Menary
Council Bluffs B. A. Moore
Clinton J. H. Spence
Davenport A. B. Haskins, D. V. M.
Des Moines W. B. Barney, Jr.
Dubuque p. A. Hodge
Ft. Dodge B. Gilleas
Ft. Madison R. L. Casey
Iowa City C. S. Chase, M. D.
Keokuk Geo. B. Narrley
Marshalltown Dr. R. M. Allen
Mason City , Dr. G. W. Cady
Muscatine Dr. C. J. Hackett, D. V. S.
Ottumwa Dr. E. F. Lowry
Sioux City W. D. Hayes
Waterloo C. L. McDermott
REPORT OF STATE DAIRY COMMISSIONER 447
SUMMARY
During the year ending October 31, 1922, our inspectors have
made a total of 46,047 inspections, as follows :
Grocery 11,276
Meat Market • 5,258
Milk Wagon ... 223
Bakery 1,218
Slaughter House 257
Restaurant 365
Coal Dealer 113
Elevator 14
Feed Store 157
Ice Cream Factory 611
Creamery 1,184
Dairymen • 480
Farm Dairy 683
Confectionery 732
Wholesale Grocer 15
Seed Dealer • 40
Bottling Works 46
Cream Station ... 4,430
Produce 3,144
Wagon Scales . . • 3,217
Counter Scales • 9,626
Gasoline Pumps 1,682
Measures 950
Miscellaneous 326
TOTAL 46,047
DAIRY AND FOOD COMMISSION
Fees Received Year Ending October 31, 1922
Inspection Fee Tags $20,216.20
Seed Analyses Fees 28.00
Feeding Stuffs Analyses Fees 77.00
Stock Food Licenses • 2,350.00
Egg Dealers Licenses 7,361.00
Babcock Test Licenses 9,482.50
Scale Tag Licenses 6,204.00
Scale Inspection Fees 9,870.24
Sanitary Law Licenses ■ 17,481.00
Milk Dealers Licenses 5,697.00
Gasoline Pump and Meter Licenses 14,061.00
Cold Storage Licenses • 425.00
Butter Trade-mark Fees 90.00
Commercial Fertilizer Licenses 440.00
TOTAL $93,764.94
Fees collected by this department, as listed above, are not used by
the department, but are turned over to the state treasurer as soon as
received.
448
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VI
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PART VII
Corn Belt Meat Producers' Association, Eighteenth
Annual Meeting, and the Iowa Co-operative
Live Stock Shippers
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1922
President Sykes : Gentlemen of the Corn Belt Meat Producers'
Association and the Iowa Federation of Co-operative Shippers, the
time has arrived when we should now open our joint convention.
The invocation will be offered by Dr. F. C. McKean, of the Cen-
tral Presbyterian Church, of this city.
Dr. McKean: Almighty and Ever-Blessed God, Thou who art
the Giver of all life and health, every good and perfect gift, with
whom there is no variableness, neither shadow of turning, we ap-
proach Thy throne this day in prayer, thanking Thee for all Thy
boundless mercies in our lives; for health and strength and every
great good. We ask Thee, as we come here together as friends and
as citizens of a great commonwealth, that Thy blessing may be
upon us and upon it, and we may be true citizens of the great King-
dom of God, and be as loyal to Thee as to that nation. And we
ask Thy blessing upon these men as they come here from the great
agricultural districts of the state; bless them in the home life and
families; bless them in the business outlook. Give them happiness
and good cheer as we approach this glad Christmas-time, and may
they not forget the great Source of such gladness, when He came
to humanity, who was announced not as a great philosopher, not as
a teacher merely, but, — "Unto you this day is born in the city of
David, a Savior, who is Christ, the Lord."
Let Thy blessing be with us for all our deliberations; may these
men enjoy every advantage of our city, and may we, as citizens, go
on and strive through a lifetime of citizenship, for a grander civil-
ization. We ask it all in His name, Amen.
ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT A. SYKES
We are now assembled in the nineteenth annual meeting of the Corn
Belt Meat Producers Association, and the second joint annual gathering
with the Iowa Federation of Co-operative Live Stock Shippers, and to all
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 451
we extend a hearty welcome and express the desire that you will all take
an active interest in discussing the many problems that confront the live
stock industry, which in one way and another, will be brought out in this
meeting, and in this way lend your aid and assistance in the building up
of the greatest industry in the middle-west.
I am glad to be able to state to you in the opening of this address, as
a sort of keynote or inspiration to you. that we have assembled under
more favorable financial conditions than prevailed one year ago. While
the farmers and stockmen have enjoyed better prices for their products
during the past year than they did during the period of deflation, yet they
are not by any stretch of the imagination out of the slough of despond-
ency, and over the hill to prosperity. There are yet many important
problems that must be tackled and solved before you can hope to again
enjoy the prosperity to which you are so justly entitled.
The Corn Belt Meat Producers' Association, during the past year,
has moved along in a sort of regular way, nothing of a spectacular nature
having happened to place it especially in the limelight. At the same
time, it has been one of the busiest years for your officers, in assisting
to work out ways and means for relieving your financial distress and
improving the general situation.
You will doubtless recall that at your last annual meeting, I went
into at some length the various phases of our live stock rate case in
which your organization was contending for a reduction in live stock
rates to the various markets. Soon after the adjournment of our last
annual meeting, an agreement or compromise was reached with the rail-
roads, by which they agreed to reduce all live stock rates where the rate
was 50 cents or less, 10 per cent, figuring on the basis of Iowa's annual
freight bill on live stock. This 10 per cent reduction means a saving
to Iowa live stock producers of over one million dollars annually, a snug
little sum indeed, and your association is justly entitled to due credit
for this saving to the live stock producers.
During the past year, your president, as your representative, has
attended a number of important meetings and conferences, at which we
have to the best of our ability endeavored to voice your sentiments and
protect your interests.
The week of January 30, I attended the annual .meeting of the Amer-
ican National Live Stock Association, at Colorado Springs, and as a mem-
ber of the committee on resolutions, assisted in formulating the policies
of the association for the coming year.
The week of January 25, your secretary, H. A. Wallace, Vice-President
Gunn and myself attended the National Agricultural Conference at Wash-
ington, D. C, called by Secretary of Agriculture Wallace at the request
of the President. This was the first conference of its kind ever called by
a president of the United States to discuss and consider the needs of
agriculture from a national standpoint, and to work out ways and means
for the relief of the farmer. There were some five hundred delegates
in attendance, 339 of whom were farmers and persons representing vari-
ous farmers' and live stock organizations.
A tentative program was arranged for in advance of the meeting, and
one delegate chosen from each section of the country, such as the corn
452 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
belt, the cotton belt, the wheat belt, etc., to present to the conference
conditions prevailing in his section of the country. It fell to the lot of
your president to try to place before the conference the financial condi-
tion of the farmers in the corn belt, a synopsis of this address having
been printed in the 1921 annual report of your organization. Each of
your representatives was also placed on important committees and as-
sisted in working out the general report of the conference.
It is difficult to estimate the value and importance of this conference
to the cause of agriculture; but we are firmly convinced that through it
the attention of the great financial interests of the country was called
to our distressed condition in such an unmistakable way that they couid
not longer refuse to give aid and assistance for relief. It is noteworthy
that improvement in agricultural conditions dates from about the time
of the holding of this conference.
The week of February 12, in conjunction with representatives of the
Military Tract Live Stock Shippers' Association, of Illinois, I attended a
conference with officers of the Chicago Live Stock Exchange, in an effort
to secure a reduction in commission charges; after laying the whole mat-
ter from the standpoint of the live stock producers before the commission
men for their consideration, they decided not to make any reductions
ill their charges at that time, and up to the present, I am sorry to say,
they have not changed their minds.
The week of March 10, I met in Chicago with the men selected by
the various organizations for the National Live Stock and Meat Board,
and assisted in setting up that organization. That, as you doubtless
know, is an organization formed for the purpose of making meat more
popular in the human dietary by properly placing its food value before
the consuming public, and in this way increase its consumption and assist
the live stock producer. Mr. R. M. Gunn, who represents your organiza-
tion on this board, will speak to you later on the work of the board, so
I will not encroach further upon his subject
The week of March 16, I attended a hearing in Chicago before an
examiner for the Interstate Commerce Commission, in which we were
asking for a lower minimum weight on carloads of hogs shipped during
the summer months. The American Farm Bureau Federation filed the
original petition in this case, and your organization appeared as inter-
veners and furnished most of the witnesses. The case was tried out at
some length, and the fact was fully established that lighter loading in hot
weather is very necessary. Later on, the arguments were made by the
different attorneys before the commission, but up to the present no deci-
sion has been rendered in the case.
Neither has the commission handed down as yet a decision in our
Iowa case, which was tried out during the fall of 1921. In this case, you
will recall that your association was asking that the 16,000-pound mini-
mum be restored on hogs shipped to points within the state, the same as
we enjoyed prior to the war. It is probable that these two cases may be
merged by the commission and the decisions rendered at the same time.
The latter part of March, your president was chosen as a member of
the board of directors of the Chicago Producers' Commission Associa-
tion, and at the first meeting of the board, he was elected president and
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 453
put in charge of the organization work at Chicago; and on the 19th day
of June, the company opened for business, with S. W. Doty as manager,
and began selling live stock under the co-operative marketing plan
worked out by the Live Stock Marketing Committee of Fifteen, of which
your humble servant was vice-chairman.
This company, as you doubtless know, is organized strictly on the
co-operative basis. It charges the same commissions as do members of
the Live Stock Exchange, and will refund annually to its shippers, who
become members, its surplus earnings. In this way, it not only reduces
the cost of selling your live stock, but it gives the live stock producers
direct representation on the market and an interest in their own market-
ing agency, which under the old system is impossible.
The Chicago Producers' Commission Association has enjoyed sub-
stantial support from the first week that it opened for business; espe-
cially is this true of the Illinois shippers, and while Iowa has contrib-
uted a fair amount of business, yet, as compared with the percentage of
live stock we ship to the Chicago market, we have been sadly lacking in
furnishing our share of the business. For this reason, and in order that
you may become more familiar with the men and the operations of your
own commission association, Mr. Doty, the manager, will address you
later, more specifically, on the work they are doing at Chicago, with the
hope that it will greatly stimulate shipments from Iowa to the Producers'
Company at Chicago.
Lower Commission Charges
Many of you doubtless know that the Corn Belt Meat Producers' Asso-
ciation, in conjunction with some of the other live stock organizations,
is now engaged in an effort to secure a reduction in the present schedule
of commission charges for selling live stock.
The latter part of October, we assisted in conducting the first hear-
ing in the case which was held at Kansas City before Messrs. Dagger and
Gore, representing the Packer and Stockyards Administration of the De-
partment of Agriculture. This hearing was entirely informal; those rep-
resenting the live stock shippers and those representing the commission
men presenting their side of the case in a purely informal way. It is the
desire of Messrs. Dagger and Gore, who will hear the case, to conduct
similar hearings at each of the larger markets, and after this is done,
and the evidence thoroly analyzed, they will endeavor to work out what
seems to them to be a reasonable and just schedule of commission
charges. If this course is pursued, the case will doubtless be long-
drawn-out and no "definite conclusions will be reached for some time in
the future.
Now as we go through this report, if there are any of you who wish to
ask questions, don't think it will embarrass me a particle. If I read on
for some time, you may forget something that might flash through your
mind, and if you want to inquire about anything, I will be glad to take
it up just at the time.
Membership Campaign
During the fall, in connection with our other duties, we did soma
field work in securing renewals and new members for your association.
454 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Mr. Goodenow, your treasurer, also assisted in this work, and you doubt-
less will be interested and encouraged to know that in spite of the very
close money situation, farmers and stockmen still believe in the Corn
Belt Meat Producers' Association, and stand ready to back it up with
their financial and moral support, and our field work was very successful
and satisfactory.
During the coming year, a very earnest and intensive campaign should
be conducted to build up and increase the membership of your associa-
tion; this can only be done through a diligent and systematic effort.
In this brief report, I have attempted to give you a little resume of
the activities of your officers and the accomplishments of your associa-
tion during the past year. So we will now turn to a forward look into the
future, and call attention to some of the important problems confronting
you, which I believe deserve your careful consideration in outlining your
policies for the ensuing year.
Railroad Rates and the Transportation Act
The important question of rail transportation and freight rates is
still with us, and should be given the most careful consideration by this
convention.
Freight rates on live stock are now about 53 per cent above pre-war
prices, while the price of ordinary live stock is less than 25 per cent
higher than the pre-war prices. This shows conclusively that freight
rates are entirely too high and out of line with the prices the live stock
producer receives, and that the live stock business can not recover itself
until a proper adjustment of freight rates has been made. Then, on the
other hand, the price of live stock has been cut squarely in two from
the peak prices following the close of the war, while the cost of trans-
porting it to market has been reduced but 10 per cent here in Iowa. This
condition places the stockmen and feeders at a very great disadvantage,
and I believe that steps should be taken by your organization in the
near future to secure a further reduction in freight rates, which is so
vitally necessary to the upbuilding and future existence of the live stock
industry.
The question of a three-quarter rate on feeder hogs shipped into the
feed lots from the markets, the same as cattle and sheep enjoy, is becom-
ing a very live question among hog feeders, and constant demands on
us are being made by these men that your association make an effort to
secure this concession in the rate on feeding hogs. Under these condi-
tions, I believe we owe it to the industry to make a ve/y careful survey
of the movement of feeder hogs, and if it is found that a three-quarter
rate is justifiable, an action should at once be started before the Inter-
state Commerce Commission to establish such a rate.
I would like to digress just a minute here in regard to this matter.
This is a matter that has been up for several years. There has been
quite a little controversy over it as to why feeder hogs should not enjoy
the 75 per cent rate the same as feeder cattle and sheep.
The matter has been taken up informally with different members of
the Interstate Commerce Commission, and the belief has been expressed
on the part of these men that we have conferred with,, that the volume
of business would not justify a 75 per cent rate on feeder hogs. We
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 455
have hesitated on that ground to file a formal complaint with the com-
mission, asking that they establish a 75 per cent rate on feeder hogs.
During the past year there has been quite a demand to do something
along this line, and this has led me to refer to this question in my an-
nual report. My thought is that this organization should make a careful
survey and find out as nearly as we can, something in regard to the vol-
ume of business that is being handled in feeder hogs, and this would
give your board and your executive committee some idea, that is, as to
whether or not they would be justified in filing a formal complaint witn
the commission that such a rate be put in.
While I am on the subject of transportation, I wish to again call at-
tention to the importance and necessity of congress amending the trans-
portation act, known as the Esch-Cummins bill, and to emphasize what
I said to you concerning this measure in my last annual address. Section
15-A, which requires the Interstate Commerce Commission to fix rates
high enough so that the roads will earn 5V& per cent on their estimated
valuation, which in a sense is nothing less than a guarantee, must be
eliminated from this law and again allow the commission to fix rates on
the basis of the value of the service rendered.
It has been truthfully said that the higher the rates the poorer the
service, as under the present order of things there is no incentive what-
ever for the railroads to give the stockmen first-class service. Then, too,
the act should be so amended as to restore to the state railroad commis-
sions all of the powers which they possessed over rates and other mat-
ters of intra-state traffic prior to the taking over of the roads by the
government in 1917.
Then there is a third amendment to this act that should be pushed
and insisted upon by our organization, and that is either to do away
entirely with the Rail Labor Board and again allow the carriers to deal
directly with their employes, or else create a real labor board, whose
members shall represent the public who pays the freight, who shall have
full authority to determine and settle all questions of dispute between the
railroads and their employes, and shall have full and unlimited authority
to enforce its rulings upon carriers and employes alike.
As the board now functions, under the present law, it has virtually
become a hissing and a by-word for both interests whom it attempts to
regulate, as the recent railroad strike clearly demonstrated. So I am
for either a real railroad labor board which represents the public, backed
up by a real law that has teeth in it; or, we should again go back to the
old order of things, and allow each road to fight it out with its own em-
ployes; and I hope that the Corn Belt Meat Producers' Association will
get solidly behind this movement, and use its power and influence to
secure the passage of these amendments before congress adjourns.
Damage Claims
In recent rulings of the Iowa courts, in cases of loss and damage
claims against the carrier, for live stock killed or injured in transit,
the burden of proof has been placed upon the shipper to show that the
railroad was unduly careless and negligent in the handling of his live
stock, before he can recover damages for stock killed or injured in tran-
sit.
456 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
This is the exact opposite of the custom followed in the past, as the
burden of proof was always upon the carrier to show that it was not care-
less or negligent in the handling of the live stock in transit, and unless
the carrier could prove this, it invariably lost the suit. But under this
new order of things, it places the shipper at a very great disadvantage in
collecting his damage claims. Especially is this true of the shipper who
does not accompany his stock to market, as it would be very difficult
for him to prove gross negligence in the handling of his stock while in
transit. This, then, being true, your association should take immediate
steps to have the laws properly clarified on this matter during the coming
session of the state legislature.
I want to digress just a moment on this question. This situation was
brought very forcibly to my attention during the summer. When some
of our local lawyers there were trying out a case in our district court,
the judge took the case from the jury before it was near through and
instructed a decision for the carriers in the case, on the ground that the
complainant in the case — the shippers — had not shown that the railroads
were careless or negligent in the shipment. Of course you men know as
well as I do, that for the man who does not accompany his stock, that is
a physical impossibility. He doesn't know anything about how the rail-
road handles his stock, so that it would either force every man to accom-
pany his stock and never go to sleep while he was on that trip, and be
on the job every minute, or else he doesn't stand any show whatever;,
if he has dead or crippled animals in the shipment while in transit, in
the securing or collecting of damage claims on those animals. I think
there have been about three decisions rendered by our Iowa courts in
cases of this kind, where they have practically held that it was up to
the shipper to prove gross negligence on the part of the railroad in the
handling of the stock, in order that they might secure damages, and for
that reason, I might add, there is no question but what the railroads are
being relieved of large numbers of claims; that they are refusing tot
pay them because they know the shipper won't sue on them, because the
shipper knows he would stand a poor showing in an attempt to collect.
So it seems to me, in the present session of the legislature that this
law should be clarified and see where we are at and see that a shipper
will stand on an equal footing with the railroads in securing justice in
the courts.
Taxes
The question of exorbitant taxes is still with us, and farmers every-
where are almost driven to acts of desperation to secure money with
which to pay their taxes, and still the burden continues to increase. I
went into this question at length in my last annual address, so I do not
wish to repeat, but rather to emphasize what I said then, and I feel that
a strong resolution should be adopted demanding retrenchment and re-
form in the spending of our public funds by our county, state and federal
officials, and that this be followed up by your association joining forces
with other farm organizations to bring about a more sane and equitable
method of taxation, during the coming winter.
In this connection, I wish to call your attention to the importance of
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 457
/our organization taking a stand against the issuance of tax-free securi-
ties, and making a fight to have our state and federal laws amended so
as to stop the issuance of all tax-free securities, as they are drying up
the sources of taxation and annually increasing the burden of taxes upon
the common people, while the rich go Scot-free. This is a most vital
matter and should merit your most hearty support.
Ship Subsidy
We are again facing a demand that congress subsidize our merchant
marine. Without going into either the merits or demerits of a subsidy,
I will say I consider it a most dangerous precedent to establish. I be-
lieve we should face the matter squarely, and if we are true to the early
traditions of this association, we will pass a strong resolution opposing
the measure, and at once let the United States senate know where we
stand on the question.
The Packer Merger
During the past sixty days, much has been published about the pro-
posed packer merger, promulgated by J. Ogden Armour. We read much
in the press about Mr. Armour soliciting the approval of the various
"powers that be" at Washington for his merger, and just recently the
Secretary of Agriculture gave out a statement to the effect that the gov-
ernment, under the Packers and Stockyards act, is not given power to
prevent the merger, but neither approves nor disapproves of the consoli-
dation.
Personally, I am opposed to the merger, and I find that this is true
of stockmen generally, as the general feeling is that competition in the
live stock markets at the present time is very mild, and that every big
operator that quits the markets reduces the competition in buying, and
places the market in the hands of fewer people, thus making it more
difficult for the farmers to secure fair and equitable prices for their live
stock.
My observation of mergers in the past has led me to the conclusion
that they are not formed in the interest of the public, nor to benefit either
the producer or consumer, and I believe the packer merger, if consum-
mated, will be no exception to the rule. As I consider this of vital im-
portance to the live stock producers of the country, I believe this con-
vention should place itself on record in this matter.
Live Stock Statistics
The United States Department of Agriculture, through its live stock
statistical department or bureau, has adopted a plan of taking the live
stock census which, if the farmers will do their part and fill out the ques-
tionnaires sent them by the Department and return to the designated
office, will become of great value to the stockmen of the country, as they
will be able to get fairly reliable information as to the total number of
feeding cattle and hogs on hand at certain times in the year.
Mr. C. L. Harlan, who is supervising this work, is with us and later
will explain their method and plans to the convention.
458 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Foreign Immigration and Farm Labor
The very acute condition that has prevailed during the past fall in
regard to the shortage of common or unskilled labor, and especially farm
labor, and the great difficulty farmers have had in securing sufficient
help to harvest their crops, causes me to call your attention to the pro-
hibitive restrictions that were attached to our immigration laws by the
federal government following the signing of the armistice.
These restrictions no doubt were necessary at the time to protect the
American laborer; but they have served their purpose and everything
now indicates that the farmers are now facing a real labor shortage,
which is going to seriously interfere with their operations and increase
the cost of production. For this reason, I believe your association should
here go on record urging the removal of the restrictions on foreign im-
migrants, and should join forces with other farm organizations who
favor this movement to have the present congress take favorable action
upon this matter. Unless the bars are lifted, and foreign laborers per-
mitted to enter this country in much larger numbers, I believe the farm-
ers of the middle west will be confronted with the greatest shortage of
farm labor than they have yet experienced.
In conclusion, I will say that I have given you this little resume of
some of the work accomplished the past year, and tried to call attention
to some of the more important problems confronting you, with the hope
that it may assist in outlining the work and policies of your association
for the coming year and give you hope and encouragement for the future.
President Sykes: Now at this time I have the pleasure of in-
troducing you to Mr. J. N. Horlacher, of Storm Lake, who is
president of the Iowa Federated Co-operative Shippers' Associa-
tion, who will address you. Mr. Horlacher.
Mr. J. N. Horlacher : Mr. Chairman and Members of the Corn
Belt Meat Producers' Association and Iowa Co-operative Ship-
pers. Two years ago, when we were organizing, we had about
thirty members. With this organization, the state Farm Bureau
helped us out and we had an office with them and the work was
carried on practically under their supervision. Also the board of
directors of the Shippers. That was a year ago and it was to be
carried on until the first of January last, at which time the
Shippers were to go alone. We have today about one hundred
sixty-five or seventy members to this organization.
Our work, as most of you know, is to help out the shipping as-
local buyer is all but killed out, and needs some assistance outside
of what they have at home. That has been one of the activities of
the Co-operative Shippers. Another activity we have been work-
ing at during the last year is opening up the smaller markets in
the state. Iowa is peculiarly situated. We have about eight or
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 459
ten markets that we ship to, and we have ten or a dozen within
the state and right over the border of the state. And if a local
buyer has a market within the state which is a better concentra-
tion point or a better market than the Chicago market or the
Omaha market or Kansas City and St. Joe market, we have been
trying to get the co-operative shipper — the majority of the Co-
operative Shippers' Association, to have this market as well as
the buyer.
Another problem we are working on is the claim problem, as
Mr. Sykes has mentioned. We are trying to get help out there in
railroad claims and to get better car service. We have been en-
deavoring to help out in that as best we can.
We don't want, as an association, to do work that some other
association is doing or is trying to carry out. We don't want to
overlap with the Meat Producers, or try to do their work. We
want to try to co-operate with them, but it seemed at our meet-
ing that there was some agency needed in the state to help
build up and strengthen the weaker associations over the state ;
and until some other association takes this work up, we think it
the duty of the Co-operative Shippers to do it. One deplorable
fact that confronts us, is the lack of harmony among the different
farm organizations. I believe we are spending too much time,
thought and energy, in fighting other organizations rather than
trying to co-operate with them; and if I have any message at all
for you today, it is this — that we try to co-operate more with the
other organizations and not try to do the work, or take it away
from them. There is always plenty of work for all of us to do.
I believe with our farmers, the greatest weakness is that we do
not co-operate enough one with another.
President Sykes : I am going to introduce to you Mr. Knute
Espe, secretary of the Co-operative Iowa Shippers, who will talk
on the Co-operative Shippers' problems at this time.
CO-OPERATION IN SHIPPING
BY KNUTE ESPE
I have no startling things to tell you, and perhaps can not tell you a
lot of things that you don't already know — most of you. I will probably
tell you some things that you do know, you co-operative shippers, at
least, yet they are things that I think we need to be told about every
once in a while. It is just like the sermons on Sunday morning. Lots
of things we already know, but still they need to be told to us about
once a week, and lots of them ought to be told to us about every morn-
ing. You may not like to hear these things, but I will have to tell you.
460 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Some of you may not like the things I have to say, but I hope you will
do like I usually do when I am told things that I do not like, I always
reserve the right to my own interpretation of it, and I usually interpret
it favorably to myself; so it's all right.
Now we have in Iowa somewhere around six hundred and fifty ship-
ping associations, more or less — nobody knows exactly how many;
but there is one thing that is startling to me, and it is information that
sometimes I don't like to scatter around either; I think we have got less
shipping associations now than we had a year ago or two years ago.
Here is another startling thing: We are shipping less cars per associa-
tion today than we were a year ago or two years ago. That is informa-
tion that it is well worth thinking about. What is the reason for that?
Well, there are a lot of answers to that question. In the first place, co-
operative shipping is young. We haven't had it with us very long. It
is a sort of overgrown individual. In 1920, over three hundred shipping
associations were organized alone in that year. Probably half of the
shipping associations we have today were organized in 1920, and then
quite a large bunch of them in 1921, and a good-sized bunch in 1918.
They have not had a great amount of experience. We haven't a very long
past to look back to and profit from. And then there is another factor:
These shipping organizations have been organized by every Tom, Dick
and Harry all over this state. They have been organized by the exten-
sion department of the college, by county agents, by the Farmers' Union,
and by the Grange, and some of them have just been organized by differ-
ent farmers' clubs, and some of them just grew, you know, like Topsy did,
only not on a corn stalk. Then a lot of them have been organized by
independent old line commission men, who usually had only this one
thought in mind, that we want to organize a gang here in this state that
will ship us some live stock. In practically every case, no matter who
organized them (I have organized a lot of them myself), in practically
every case, the shipping association has been organized, and then we
have run off and left it out on an island, to either sink or swim by its
own efforts. The extension department, it is true, has been doing con-
siderable work, but it has only been in the past year or so that they
really did the greatest amount of work. But they are handicapped.
They couldn't do a lot of these things that need to be done in a commer-
cial way. It was not until several years ago, as Mr. Horlacher told you,
some shippers got together and saw there was a need for some organiza-
tion, state-wide in character, a commercial organization, to get together
and try to straighten out the tangle we are in in co-operative shipping.
As a result of that, we have been organized by every Tom, Dick and
Harry. There is not much said in the constitution and by-laws. We
have by-laws of all kinds and colors. Lots of associations don't have
them, and at that I sometimes think they are a lot better off than many
of those that do have, because they .would be better off without some of
them. We haven't given much thought to the matter of economy, or
efficiency, or anything of the kind. We have just wanted to get together
and ship live stock. That is all. And the thought that has been fore-
most is making up a car find shipping it out somewhere. They hadn't
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 461
thought much about what we need back home in order to keep it going
efficiently.
I read a little story in a magazine the other day. It went on to tell
about football — the game of football. Of course we all understand that
it is a pretty rough-and-tumble game, and back at Harvard it was espe-
cially tough. One of their prominent football men down at Harvard,
during the summer vacation, went out west to work on a ranch. He
got some of the ranchers interested in football, and they thought it
would be nice to have some football out there amongst the cowboys. So
they got the boys organized into a couple of football teams. He got
busy and picked up enough men for two teams, of the finest looking
cowpunchers, and then he explained to them, he says: "Now, if you
can not kick the football, kick an opponent." And so they started in,
and finally the coach wanted to know, "Where is the football?" And
one cow-puncher says: "To h — 1 with the football; let's go on with the
game."
Now that just reminds me of a lot of those co-operative shippers.
Let's go on and get this car out, and so on. We haven't paid much at-
tention to the form of our organization — haven't made it permanent or
stable. We haven't paid much attention to this matter of a manager.
Why, 'most any kind of a fellow would be a good man to manage a ship-
ping association. About the only thing required is the time to fiddle
with it; that is all. Because all you fellows are supposed to do is to
call him when you want to ship, and when enough fellows do that, he will
order a car and let it go out. Naturally, that handicaps us. Of course,
we haven't got enough business to begin with, to make it worth while
for a good man to be manager, and naturally it has been a sideline, and
a lot of these ex-managers would take what they can get. He would not
be very aggressive for the rest of it, if he were to handle it as a sideline.
Then we have boards of directors, too, and I can criticize a good many
boards of directors who haven't taken the interest in the thing that they
should. We haven't checked up the manager; we don't know what he
is doing. It is his association, and sometimes you know the board of
directors have complained to me, when I am out trying to help them solve
some of their problems: "Why, we can not get our manager to do this.
He doesn't want to do it that way." Well, maybe the manager is right.
Undoubtedly he is, lots of times; but if he is wrong, certainly it is the
duty of the board to have him do it the way they want it done. Man-
agers are not to blame always. The blame rests on both sides. We
haven't studied our business. We haven't had good managers, and there
is no business on earth that will live without a good manager. Then, too,
we have had the other problem that we haven't paid much attention to.
That is the membership problem. We must have members. Then there
is the matter of loyalty. You could take either one of these points and
you could talk for three hours on it and bring out a lot of good points.
We have seen members who are loyal to an organization that in many
cases is not really worth being loyal to. You know it, and I don't need to
go into details. I am just hitting the high spots, and leave it with you.
As I travel over this state and see how lots of this business is conducted
and the way the association is organized, I have had a faint suspicion
462 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
for some time that the farmer hasn't had much to stick to, and it has only-
been just lately that we are getting squared around so that we can build
an organization that is worth sticking to. As Mr. Horlacher told you,
that is what the state association is doing, and they are mighty busy
at it, too. It has been a free for all affair, all the way through. Volun-
tary entirely on the part of the member and manager and directors —
the whole shebang — and it has gotten just about that much co-operation
out of it, too.
Now I don't think at all that any farmer should stick to an organiza-
tion if that organization is not able to deliver the service. I think first
of all it must do that. You can not expect a man to be loyal if he
does not get service. There is no place for our co-operative associations
if they don't do that — until you get as good service or better than you
can get elsewhere. And it is entirely possible to do that, too, if we will
only organize properly, and I say that when we organize we ought to or-
ganize properly. First of all, we must have the volume of business that
we know is going to go through that association during the next year.
And then we can afford to be loyal. We can afford to hire a man as
manager who knows, as we have in a lot of cases over Iowa — a business
man, a man who knows live stock and knows people, and can get out and
fight for his association and get business. We need directors of the
same type. And then back of that, we need farmers who are willing to
put their stock through that kind of a shipping association.
Now some people claim that I am a crank on this membership prop-
osition. I think that is the highest compliment you can pay me in this
shipping business. And yet I don't think I am a crank on it. I think
that it is only good business on the part of the association and the
farmer, too — the member, that when he joins one of these marketing
sources, the association have something more than merely that man's
word for it that he is going to put his stuff through. I say let him sign
on the dotted line, along with all the rest of his neighbors, that he will
put his stuff through and be loyal, and then if we will all do that, we
are going to get somewhere. I want to qualify that statement a little
bit. I don't think it is necessary at all at this time that every shipping
association should sign its members on a membership, because if you are
getting all the business that you" can handle, and have your local prob-
lems pretty well solved, I believe in letting well enough alone for the
time being. Don't think it is a routine matter, but these associations
that are not getting the business — that are fighting as best they can the
keen competition they are up against. When a stock buyer has the mar-
ket, the local market, and the shipping association has to go to Chicago
and take the shrink and the loss that the other fellow doesn't have, and
he sells over the phone and a lot of things like that, it is certainly hard
to overcome that. You can not live unless you have the vitality. And
we have got to get the business for that association out there before it
can get this vitality, and then you can get it. There will be plenty of
illustrations of that brought out in tomorrow's meeting. It is hard to
get that, if you don't have a definite volume of business.
I may state in the first place, in a general sort of way, that about
one-third of our shipping associations order and ship, oh, around a hun-
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 463
dred cars and better a year — the bulk of the business. And then there is
roughly another third of our shipping associations that don't ship over
forty, fifty to ninety cars — right around half of the business that goes
out of town, some less than half and some more than half. And then
there is another third that ship from nothing to twenty, thirty or forty
cars a year. Any association that is not shipping more than that, can not
deliver service; can not have a manager; can not get the markets that
will handle the stuff, and they won't have a board of directors and its
members can not be very loyal. We have got to put the business into
our shipping associations. From a business point of view these markets
differ. You can not ship to the same market all the time. You have got
to ship once a week in order to give service to the farmer; you have got
to get it out when ready to let go. You can not afford to hold it. We
have got to watch these things and work from the best angle.
Just like the little Jew boy, when the teacher announced that she
would give a dollar to the pupil that would tell her who the greatest man
in the world was. And so she began calling on them, and one pupil said
it was George Washington. She said, "Well, that is coming pretty close;
George Washington was a very great man." Another little fellow said,
Abraham Lincoln, and he was pretty nearly right, and so on down the
line, and finally a little Jew kid, sitting in the back seat, said, "I know
who the greatest man in the world is." And she asked him who it was.
He said it was Jesus Christ, and she said, "That's right, he was the great-
est man in all the world." And then after school was over, she got the
little Jew boy up in front, and she said: "Ikey, I can not figure how you,
being a Jew, would admit that Jesus Christ was the greatest man in the
world." "Oh, well," he says, "I knew all the time that Moses was the
greatest man in the vorld, but bizness is bizness."
The point I am trying to bring out, folks, is this, that our shipping
associations are not organized right in most cases, and that you are going
to have to go back over the field and reorganize. Now that we have an
organization whose particular business it is to do that very thing, we
have made some rapid strides in that work. We have got straightened
out; we have them interested in it; we have verified this membership
agreement. It is a fair one for anybody; there is no reason why any
should not sign it, and most of them will sign it if you go out and ask
them to sign it. That is the biggest trouble. We are following that up
afterward by getting the business for the association, and then when we
get an outlet, so that we can get the price, we talk managers and the
rest. And the result of that is we have put lots of shipping associations
on the map today that were not shipping any live stock and haven't for
the last year or the last two years, and today they are shipping regularly.
I can give you any amount of illustrations. We have men right in this
crowd who represent shipping associations that have two hundred men —
farmers — signed on this membership agreement right back of their ship-
ping association. Right down here at Marion, Iowa, they had been going
for over a year. I organized them three years ago; today they have got
considerably over two hundred. They are shipping live stock to Ottumwa
and back, and when they were asked to send us this stuff, "Why," they
464 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
said, "you can not get it; you can not put in a shipping association
there, because the stock buyer has the Ottumwa market — we can not get
it."
The manager says, "I will ship my first car there." Now we have
two hundred members, and we are shipping there. We have got the
same kind of a deal up at Clear Lake, just eight or nine miles away from
a big packing plant, that had one of the strongest buyers located at
Clear Lake. Today they have two hundred fellows signed up, shipping
seventeen cars in exactly thirty days' time. The manager says he is
shipping twenty-six cars in less than two months. There are a good
many men here who could tell you the same thing. I am just telling you
that much to show you that this job can be done. We have got a lot of
good shipping associations; we have got a lot of good managers; we have
got a lot of good boards of directors — good work, but they are in the
minority — that's the thing I want to bring out, and these other points
really go to the founding and reorganization of them. If we don't do
that, they won't be shipping much. But we want to do just what I said
and believe, and if we don't do that, men, then this co-operative shipping
business will not live long. We will never get any farther than we are
right now. The little shipping association out in the country is the abso-
lute foundation to all the market work that will ever go on further down
the line. We can not get away from that. If we don't build the founda-
tion well, we can not expect the shipping firms in their work that is
being done, to get anywhere. I think there is one thing we have been
carrying in mind a little too strong — maybe not too strong, but at least
overshadowing the other thing. We have been talking big propositions —
the thing away down yonder that needs to be settled and taken care of.
And that is all "right. That ought to be done; but while we have been
doing that, we have overshadowed the thought and idea that there are a
lot of things back home that need to be taken care of, or else the solu-
tion of other things will never be possible. That is the way I look at
this thing. We have got those things to take care of, and let's clean our
own houses first — each of them, and then perhaps we will get somewhere.
Now, one of the biggest pieces of work we have done in the state
organization has been the thing Mr. Horlacher alluded to — get into the
local markets. We have got about twenty of them in Iowa, or right
across the border. Packing plants and concentration points would not
any one of them handle any business as a shipping association, but hunt
up the stock buyer and do business with him and refuse to do business
with us. In northern Iowa, that condition was very acute. We felt this
thing would work out, if the farmer was willing to do his share. We got
the producers' contract and we got this stuff going out. You know that
when you were a kid in school and you got into a fight with one of the
other fellows — which we frequently did; you know that if he pounded
with both fists and hit all over the body he didn't bother you very much;
but the minute he began sending his fists on your nose, it began to have
a telling effect. We began to figure that perhaps that was equally true
of an organization.
We took the territory up around Mason City and Waterloo and Albert
Lea and Fort Dodge, and we started in — not to tell you details, because I
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 465
don't want to take the time— and we started to put one shipping associa-
tion on contract. They were all Irish, too, every one of them. And then
we went from that to another town right in the same community, and
we got an outlet for that bunch of Irishmen — got a local outlet, that paid
just as good as the other fellow had been paying the stock buyer. And
then we got another town, and then got one county, and then we
kept right on getting more of them until finally we got so many of them
that there was a sort of a packing plant up there began to wire in and
wanted to know where all the hogs were going to — he wasn't getting
them. And we got enough of them so that he had to buy hogs elsewhere,
and today that shipping association is going good. We are giving the
same prices and service, absolutely, that the stock buyer used to give,
and we have checked up on our records and they are getting stronger all
the time. That is a big piece of work, men. We can not get anywhere
unless we do get the market. I have seen the thing tried out, time and
time again, and usually the stock buyer has the local market, and the
shipping association has got to go to Chicago, and the stock buyer will
equal them. Usually that is the case, not always. We have been open-
ing up that market, and when we open that up, we will open three or four
more right in the same neck of the woods. We are now getting in, as 1
told you in the first place, down at Ottumwa. The other day I got two
shipping associations in Cedar Rapids. You can all have the market if
you get the volume of business back home first. That is all. Those fel-
lows want the stuff, and they are willing to pay for it, if you have got
the stuff to sell. If you haven't got the stuff to sell, they are going to
buy from the fellow who has it. It is up to us to get out and get the
business, and it is no piker's job. Fellows tell me, "You get me the
market, and then I will build a shipping association." I am forced to
state, "Let us so build our shipping association that the packers will give
us the market."
There are a lot of just such things I would like to talk to you about.
I would like to tell you more of the state organization, but I don't feel
like taking more time. I believe I have just said enough, so that you
all have an inkling of what the situation is in the field. The remedy is
reorganization under that plan; and then after we have done enough of it
so that we can say that the plan is possible, it is workable. We have
over one hundred and fifty shipping associations under this plan. Not
all of them have been successful, because no matter how many meetings
we have to get the farmers in and get them to sign, you are nearly
always going to have the same bunch of men back every time, and the
only way you are ever going to get the other fellow is to drive right out
to his farm and get him out back of the barn or woodshed and sit down
and talk this thing clear through from beginning to end, so he will under-
stand the whole proposition, and then ask him to sign. And, do you
know, in ninety per cent of the cases, they sign. That is one of the
things I have learned in traveling around to these places. When we
come to town we meet some of the directors and managers and they will
sit down and tell us their problems — here is this, that and something else,
and so forth; and then we tell them how we think they can handle that,
and they will scratch their heads and say, "That is all right, that is a
466 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
good plan, we ought to have it here, goodness knows, and it will solve the
thing. We need it, but, you know, our problems are just a little bit dif-
ferent from any other shipping association, because we have — well, we
are just a little bit peculiar around here." But in spite of that, these
farmers come to the meeting, and where they understand it they will
sign up. Now, men, that is the trouble, they don't understand. After
they understand it, they do vote for it and they do sign it, and you can
easily get eighty-five to ninety-five per cent of the men there to sign
those things — and that is the way to build an association.
Of course, there are a lot of things that I can not mention here, that
I would like to talk to you about. I will say this, I have written an an-
nual report, but I didn't want to read it. I was so tired of it when I got
through writing it that I didn't want to read it. I have got a lot of them;
you can have one and read it yourself.
We have got these shipping associations, and they are not doing as
well as they should. Not as well as they did in the past. But that is no
disgrace — not at all! It is just because we are not organized right. We
do need to go out and do this local work. That is the thing I want to
leave with you. It is the little shipping association out in the country
that needs help, and that is what I am pleading for. We ought to help
them, or we will never get anywhere.
There is one point I want to make clear, too, before I sit down. We
have got to meet this local stock buyer in his town on equal terms. And
if that little concentration point market has got our Chicago market
beat, at certain times of the year, that market is going to be available.
And then I think that as we go on down the line incorporating that we
are going to continue to find these concentration points, and I think that
we should operate them ourselves and that will be easily done after we
get the business into the hands of the shipping associations.
President Sykes : Now some announcements and then we will
adjourn until 1 :30. The first announcement is a committee on
resolutions of the Corn Belt Meat Producers' Association. The
Co-operative Shippers will announce their committee on resolu-
tions after we re-convene after lunch. They are not prepared to
announce them at this time. W. P. Dawson, chairman, of Chero-
kee county; R. M. Gunn, Blackhawk; J. A. White, Iowa; D. W.
Crowfoot, Marshall; T. J. Robinson, Franklin; L. V. Carter, Har-
din; T. D. Rittgers, Dallas; Charles Cessna, Poweshiek; H. S.
Martin, Jasper; Harry Fox, Sac; J. S. Wheeler, Boone county.
This is the committee on resolutions for the Corn Belt Meat Pro-
ducers' Association.
Mr. Cotterell : I would make a motion that the two commit-
tees get together and compare their resolutions before reporting,
otherwise there might be a conflict of resolutions between the
two.
President Sykes : I think that is a good suggestion, and with-
out putting it to the house, I will pass on that and ask the two
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 467
committees to do that. I think that is a splendid idea. We will
leave that then entirely with the committees after they are ap-
pointed. They can work that out.
We are now adjourned until 1 :30 p. m., sharp.
Afternoon Session
The President : Now, gentlemen, if you will please come to
order, we will open our afternoon session.
Now we have with us a man that the most of you have met, if
not all. If you haven't, you have read about him — a man that
has been connected with our college for a great many years, has
been one of the foremost leaders in the live stock industry of the
state, a man to whom we all love to listen and to associate with ;
and at this time I am going to introduce to you Dean C. F. Cur-
tiss, dean of our State Agricultural College, who will address you
at this time on "What the Iowa State College Is Doing for the
Live Stock Man."
WHAT THE IOWA STATE COLLEGE IS DOING FOR THE
LIVE STOCK MAN
BY DEAN C. F. CURTISS
Mr. President and Gentlemen: I am pleased to be with you for a
short time to discuss some of the problems of general interest in which
you are engaged and of vital concern to agriculture and the industries of
Iowa. The topic assigned me is the one which ithe president has just
announced, and we have constantly in mind problems pertaining to Iowa's
live stock interests and agricultural interests, and everything connected
with agriculture, in fact, and are endeavoring to work with you in co-
operation with you and to help you in some of the problems that bear
directly upon your work. In enumerating these, I will not attempt to
cover all of them, but I will touch upon some of the more outstanding
lines in which investigations have been conducted.
In the matter of gathering or harvesting the corn crops and converting
it into meat products, during the past year about seven per cent of the
corn crop of Iowa, or approximately 721,000 acres, has been hogged down,
as we call it — it has been gathered in the field by the hogs. Now, on
the basis of five cents per bushel, which is probably less than the cost
when you consider everything, that has resulted in a saving of $1,600,000
in the expense of harvesting the corn crop alone. Now the experiment
station at Ames does not claim the credit for all of this, because this is
an old practice. It was practiced years ago when corn was much cheaper
than it has been recently and when it was thought that it did not matter
if they did waste some corn — that they could afford to gather it that
way. And then the practice almost entirely went out of use until here
recently during times of high-priced labor, owing largely to the result
of work conducted by the experiment station in calling attention to it
468 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
again, it has come in and is increasing each year. And it promises to be
of especial importance during the years to come on account of the in-
creasing price of farm labor.
We do not know, of course, at this time, but it seems altogether
probable that it will cost the farmers of Iowa 15 or 20 per cent more to
produce next year's crop, and to gather and market those crops, than it
has cost this year. That is quite probable in view of the general demand
for labor in the industries and the prevailing high prices that are being
paid, and the shortage of labor that is existing on the farms today and
probably will continue during another year. So it becomes of increasing
importance under conditions of this kind to find means of doing the work
at less expense, and hogging down corn is one of the ways of doing this
successfully and profitably.
Then in the matter of preparing plans for hog houses, we have fur-
nished and sent out to the farmers of the state over 15,000 hog house
plans, besides a number for smaller movable houses and self-i'eeders. It
would be difficult to estimate, perhaps, what that amounts to, but the
better housing and the better care of the hogs on the farms undoubtedly
is one of the important factors in successful pork production. On the
basis of value of $5 for the plans and the saving of $5 profit — a profit of
$5 in better houses over those of inferior type — this would run to a matter
of a couple of hundred thousand dollars easily.
Some of the most important work that we have done has a direct
connection with the work of cattle feeding in which you are engaged, and
among other lines is that of determining the so-called standard ration,
or as nearly as may be a standard ration for the corn belt region. And
that ration is found to be mainly shelled corn and clover or alfalfa hay,
supplemented by cottonseed oil or linseed oil meal. While we have done
a good deal along that line in recent years, and have published and given
out to this association and otherwise the results, we have this year in
progress work that I think is of special interest bearing upon that subject.
We have ten lots of two-year-old steers weighing 1,050 pounds, that
are being put on feed this week, that were purchased in Omaha at a cost
of $7 per hundred, and have been carried on blue grass pasture for about
thirty days, and they are going onto feed on the following rations:
Lot 1 — Shelled corn, corn silage and clover hay.
Lot 2 — Same as Lot 1, with the addition of one and one-half pounds
of linseed oil meal per steer per day.
Lot 3 — Same as Lot 1, except that they have three pounds of linseed
oil meal instead of one and one-half pounds.
Lot 4 — The same ration except that they will have one and one-half
pounds of cottonseed oil meal in place of or in comparison with the one
and one-half pounds of oil meal.
Lot 5 — The same, except three pounds of cottonseed oil meal in com-
parison with the three pounds of linseed oil meal.
Lot 6 — Shelled corn and clover hay alone.
Lot 7 — The same at Lot 6, with one and one-half pounds of linseed
oil meal.
Lot 8 — The same at Lot 6, with three pounds of linseed oil meal.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 469
Lot 9 — The same as Lot 6, with one and one-half pounds of cottonseed
meal.
Lot 10 — The same as Lot 6, with three pounds of cottonseed meal.
So that this is a study of a variation of the so-called standard ration,
shelled corn being the base in every case, and then a study of the supple-
mentary feeds of cottonseed oil meal and linseed oil meal, and the clover
hay and the silage. Now these are the rations that Iowa feeders have
generally used. They are the standard rations of the corn belt, and while
we have done work in that line, we haven't before used as many lots of
steers as these, and we have not made the experiment quite as wide in its
scope as this. With the co-operation of this association and your presi-
dent, Mr. Sykes, helping to select the steers, that are high-grade Hereford
steers, put in at the cost I named and with the initial weight which 1
mentioned, we are expecting to get some results that will be highly
interesting, and we hope that they will be useful and valuable to the
feeders of Iowa.
Then there are some other problems that we have taken up in con-
nection with cattle feeding. There is a good deal of money paid out
every year for the various kinds of commercial foods that are used to
supplement corn, and we have tested out those foods in previous years
quite thoroughly and with interesting results. In the years 1918 and
1919, on an average of two years' work, we found that we had $17.50 per
head more profit from the standard ration of corn and the clover hay and
the silage, supplemented by the standard supplement products, cottonseed
meal and linseed oil meal, than we had from using the commercial sup-
plement products that were used in this test, namely, alfalfa and mo-
lasses meals. We are growing alfalfa on the farms of Iowa to an in-
creasing extent each year, and clover hay has always been grown to a
greater or less extent; and we find that the supplements of the more
concentrated kinds in combination with the foodstuffs of the farm have
given better results and a wider margin of profit shown in these two
years than by using the supplements that come largely in the form of
ground alfalfa and the molasses feeds.
It do«s not follow that those commercial foods can not be used profit-
ably under any conditions. I don't wish to be understood as making that
assertion, but I am giving you results of the tests that we have made
along this line, and probably this alone, if kept in mind by the feeders,
would result in the saving of millions of dollars or adding millions of
dollars of profit annually to the feeding.
And then a good deal of attention has been attracted by the advertis-
ing of molasses foods and the recommendation of molasses foods in re-
cent years. We have been testing out molasses as a supplement to corn
in the feeding lots of the state, and while molasses food has undoubted
value it has not given results to indicate that it has appreciably any more
worth per pound than corn, and the prevailing market price is a good deal
higher than corn. The conclusion is that unless it can be bought at
about the price of corn, it will not be profitable to use very much of it in
commercial cattle feeding.
We have found, too, that the increased use of clover and alfalfa and
of soy beans, where the beans are grown on the farm and the entire plant
470 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
fed, will reduce the necessity of a large outlay for the supplements to
the corn ration such as cottonseed meal and oil meal, and that they con-
stitute a cheaper form of material for supplementing the corn ration than
these other foods. In that connection I think we need to keep in mind
the advantages of the farm products, of growing more of the leguminous
crops on the farm. In the first place, they furnish a cheaper substitute
or supplement for the corn than buying the alfalfa that is grown outside
and ground and treated and sold as a commercial foodstuff, and they are
grown at home and on the farm, and we save the expense of shipping
under the high transportation rates, and they increase the returns that
are obtained from feeding the corn crop out on the farm.
Not only that, but it gives a better system of rotation in our farming
operations and better means of maintaining fertility. In order to get
the best results from our farming lands, we need to rotate our crops,
and we ought to have all parts of the farm in clover once in four years.
We should get onto a system of rotation on our farms and seeding clover
with the small grain that will put all the land of the farm into clover or
alfalfa once in four years, and feed the grain grown on the farm to live
stock fattened on the farm and put the manure back on the farm. When
you do that, you need not worry about diminishing soil fertility.
But the man who grows grain and hauls that grain off and sells it,
has to face the important problem of declining production and diminish-
ing fertility of his land; and that is more important in these days than
it has ever been before. I think we can well afford to keep this factor in
mind in our feeding operations on the farm, growing more of the clover
and alfalfa, and we will have the feed that is best suited to combine with
the corn and produce economical results, thereby reducing the outlay of
cash expended for cottonseed meal and for oil meal. And probably we
can also increase the soy beans grown upon the farm, to be used in a
similar way. I will give you some results later in the use of soy beans
in feeding to hogs, that indicate that this is a means of saving a good
deal of money paid out for supplements to the corn in feeding swine,
and while we have not the same tests to any considerable extent in feed-
ing cattle, it is probable that it will also hold true there, because the soy
bean does furnish the protein, an element that we get in the cottonseed
meal and the linseed meal in supplementing the corn ration.
Then the question of limited grain rations in fattening steers is an
important question, particularly at times when corn and other grains are
high in price, and the feeders have found corn at a constant increase
just now. The probability is we will see corn 10 or 15 cents a bushel
higher before we raise another crop than it is today, and it may be even
more than that. And while that is helpful to the general situation of
agriculture, perhaps, it is not helpful to the feeder that has to buy that
corn and feed it to cattle. At times when there is relatively a narrow
margin between well-finished cattle and cattle that are moderately fin-
ished, it is important to make just as much saving in the grain ration
as we can possibly make on a sound basis, and that is especially true
if we have high-priced grain.
That is not the situation just now. There has been a wide margin
between the highly finished cattle and the moderately finished cattle, but
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 471
that changes. There are times when there is a very low margin. When
the conditions are that the margin is only about a dollar a hundred, it
has been found decidedly advantageous to use a limited grain ration,
and that we have found to be used successfully with either silage or corn
fodder. And in using the limited grain ration very much cheaper gains
have been made and a very much lower total feeding cost has been at-
tained and many times cattle have been fed out under those conditions
where there was a good deal more profit than the longer feeding period
with the expensive corn ration running up into a large outlay for feeds.
The work that the experiment station at Ames has conducted along
that line has pointed the way to finish cattle when the conditions are
such as I have outlined and put them on the market at a good deal larger
profit than can be done by the longer and more expensive grain feeding.
Now, of course, there are times such as we have had during the past
summer, with relatively cheap feed and with a shortage of well-finished
cattle going onto the market, and the high premium paid on the market
for the finished steers, that probably would not apply. But it is well to
know what results can be obtained and apply the practice and make use
of it when the conditions are such as to warrant the feeder in doing that.
Under some conditions millions of dollars can be saved to the state every
winter by the limited grain ration and the shorter feeding period.
Then we have done some feeding with lambs. Lamb feeders have
had a good year's income. Lamb feeding has been profitable during the
past year. There are a large number coming into the state every year
to be fed out, and it is of interest to know what rations will give the
best results. In the western region, in Colorado, for instance, they do
not have corn. They would be glad if they did have it, and while they
ship some in, it is expensive for them and they use other rations to a
considerable extent. In the corn belt, however, our feeding experiments
have shown that the most economical and the most practical and profit-
able ration for fattening lambs is with grain as a basal ration, and there
is where the alfalfa and the clover as a system of farm rotation would
come in with very good advantage, because there is no place where you
can use alfalfa and clover hay to as good advantage as in feeding lambs.
We have found the most economical and profitable results in using corn
as a basal ration; much better than a ration made up with a share of oats
or barley as the principal factor. While they have used oats and barley
to a considerable extent in other regions, it is because they did not have
the corn. It is fortunate, too, that this is the case, because corn is al-
ways our cheapest grain feed here. When we can get our best returns
from the corn, combined with a supplement in the form of alfalfa and
clover, and with a very limited amount of the other foods in connection
with the corn, and when we certainly look for our best crops in that
way, men don't need to consider very much outlay if they have plenty
of clover and alfalfa hay. You don't need to consider very much outlay
in supplementing the corn ration for lamb feeding.
Then, likewise, in studying the rations for pork production, we have
found that meat products and milk give decidedly better and more eco-
nomic results in combination with corn than any other form of the pro-
tein rations such as we have in linseed oil meal or cottonseed meal, than
472 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
any other forms of commercial food, for instance. Consequently, we
can look for our best gains, for our most economical gains and our largest
profits in supplementing corn for feeding swine by the use of meat prod-
ucts, such as tankage, and the milk, either the milk products that may be
found upon the farms where they are available or in the condensed milk
products, if you wish to purchase them in that form. And as the result,
I think, of the investigations and with the experience of practical feeders,
the ration that is most used in fattening swine is the ration of corn and
the meat products that we get in the form of tankage. But it is also
of interest to know that we can grow something on the farm that will
very largely take the place of the milk and meat products.
The growing and feeding of soy beans have indicated that soy beans
have an average value of 80 per cent of the value of tankage, and if
they are grown on the farm they can even be produced there for a lower
cost, everything considered, than the purchase of the tankage. That is
particularly true when tankage is so high in price as it has been during
some of the previous years. And if that is certified by further investiga-
tion and by practice, I believe we will considerably increase our acreage
of soy beans in the years to come as a means of supplementing corn and
as a means of growing on the farm the supplement that is needed to com-
bine with the corn in order to get the most profitable returns in swine
feeding. Perhaps that will be extended to include cattle feeding and
sheep feeding as well, to some extent. It may not give as good results
altogether in feeding cattle as it has in feeding swine, but the chances
are that it can be used to a considerable extent for that, and I am quite
sure that it will be found to be a favorable feed for fattening lambs.
Then another means of supplementing the corn fed on the farm for
swine is by the more extensive use of forage crops. It is exceedingly
interesting to find the results that can be obtained in fattening swine by
the use of good forage during certain seasons of the year. We know blue
grass in the best condition furnishes about as good forage as we can get
for swine, but that is a comparatively short period when the blue grass is
succulent and fresh and in its most favorable condition for feeding. It
does not extend, however, through the dry, hot summer months, and by
making use of alfalfa and clover or of rape, we can get a summer feed
that will give a forage crop for swine through the midsummer months
and extending into the fall and autumn months, that will effect a very
large saving of the outlay for grain at that time. I think we have come
to a better realization of this during recent years, and during the period
of prevailing high prices for grain, than ever before. We used to think
that about the only way to make pork was to shovel the corn out to the
hogs. Today we have found that even that was an expensive process
when we had high-priced corn, and if we can grow something on the farm
to be utilized as a forage product that is a great deal cheaper than the
corn and that will take the place of one-fourth or one-third of that corn,
it is a more profitable process than to feed expensive, high-priced grain.
It is the same principle as involved in the limited grain ration for
cattle under the conditions which I have outlined, and perhaps gives even
better results, because we don't need the high degree of finishing with
our hogs any more, if we have the right kind and the right type, in order
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT ME^T PRODUCERS' ASSN. 473
to have them top the market. That is, feeding them out to the last
degree of finish is not as essential in hogs under the marketing condi-
tions which we have now and which we are likely to have in the future,
and with the supplements for lard that we have, as it has been in the past.
So that a large part of the pork product made upon the farms can be
made from forage crops, and if we were to just adopt this policy as a
uniform policy of even putting the feeding lots that are idle and growing
up to weeds in the summer on a great many farms, in fact, the majority
of them — if we would even put them into rape and have a few acres of
rape grown there and turn the hogs into it, especially the pigs at weaning
time, we would have thereby an immense saving. That land is the land
that will produce an abundant crop of rape, which would be fed off, and
the land will be available for use again. And then if a few acres of clover
and alfalfa pasture can be available so that the hogs can be put on that
and make a good part of their gains from that, it will be cheaper gains
than are made from corn; and this alone amounts to a saving that will
run into millions of dollars a year.
Then one of the more recent lines of work we have been engaged in
at Ames, and having a very direct and vital connection with profitable
reproduction on the farm, is that of minerals for swine. It is found that
swine make very great gains and there is a wide degree of variation in
the gains made by swine. Sometimes we are not able to account for it.
Our hogs are not always thrifty, not always making the gains that we
know should be made, and it is attributed to something essential that is
lacking. Investigations show that minerals in the hog's system are very
important factors, and we have tried a good many different mixtures and
kinds of minerals.
The feeding of these minerals has given increased gains at relatively
small cost, not only in fattening swine, but with brood sows and growing
pigs; so that unquestionably the supplying of minerals to the extent of
meeting the hog's need in the ration is one of the fundamental factors in
getting the best results.
Now we have tried a good many, but we have come to the conclusion
that it is unnecessary to have a complicated combination of mixtures, or
a wide or expensive variety. We have found one of the best to be as
follows: Salt, 20 parts in 100, and then limestone, wood ashes or air-
slacked lime — either one of these — for the next 40 parts; that is, the
limestone to be finely ground limestone in the form to be utilized when
the hog consumes it, and then bone — bone meal or spent bone black or
bone ash, any one of these — for the next 40 parts; the total of these mak-
ing 100 parts.
Those are not expensive products, and the farmer can buy them and
put them together, or you can purchase them from someone who has put
them together, and you need not pay the extravagant prices that they
ivould charge for the so-called commercial feeds or condition powders or
proprietary remedies, or whatever they may call them, that are being
sold on the market. A good many times these products are being sold
on the market that will contain about these ingredients, probably never
give any better results than these, and they will be sold at ten times what
it would cost the farmer to buy them and put them together himself.
474 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
These can be fed either by the free choice system of allowing the
hog access to the minerals, and the hog is a pretty good judge of what
he wants to eat and what will give good results. That has been demon-
strated clearly. It can be done by the self-feed system or free choice
system. The hog knows how to balance his rations if he has access to
the feeds he needs. If he has access to the minerals he will take what
he needs. He won't take any more than he needs. Or if you want to
add it to the ration, it can be done in that way. It will not require for
that a great cost, not over a cent a pound per pig per month. So it is a
relatively small amount. There is a means of increasing the gains and
turning the hogs on the market sooner and increasing the profit. It
means a shorter feeding period and increased gains.
President Sykes : Would you tell the convention about what
that would cost them, that mixture as you suggest it there?
Dean Curtiss : Some of these products are very cheap, for in-
stance, common salt. This ground limestone is a cheap product.
It ought to be finely ground. That costs comparatively nothing.
These other products will vary somewhat in price, but the whole
thing, mixed, made up, would not cost over a cent a pound ; per-
haps could be bought for even less than that. We have also
added to that one ingredient which I have not mentioned.
It may be added or it may not, but it is not absolutely essential.
That is about one-half ounce, or an ounce, in the hundred pounds
of potassium iodide. That is more expensive, but there is so
little of that used in the mixture that it has relatively small
effect, because it will be less than a pound every hundredweight.
I think the practical way to get this, instead of the individual
farmer buying these products in small quantities where he will
probably have to pay high prices, would be for people who are
living in a community to have someone buy them in large quan-
tities where they could get wholesale rates on them, and put
them together and then supply the material mixed and ready to
use at cost, and in that way it would not need to cost to exceed
a cent a pound, and there are times when it could propably be
purchased for considerably less than that, especially if bought
in large quantities. If you bought it in the form of some pre-
pared food products sold by agents and distributed through the
drug stores, you would probably pay ten times that much for it.
These are some of the important lines of investigation that we
have had in progress and have in progress yet and are working on
all the time. Perhaps in this connection, bearing upon the ques-
tion of what the experiment station is doing for the feeders and
the farmers of Iowa, it might be pertinent to ask what the
feeders and the cattle breeders of Iowa are doing for themselves;
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 475
and I would 'like in that connection to emphasize one thing that
is of vital importance, and that is better bred live stock on the
farm.
I was talking a few days ago with a man who has been asso-
ciated and in close contact with the market business of one of
our great market centers for a quarter of a century, and this was
his statement, that there had not been a time in all of his experi-
ence in connection with the live stock markets when there was
such a wide gap between the well-bred and the well-finished stuff
and the common run of stuff that was coming to market as there
is now; and it is his opinion that we were not making progress
in the breeding and the inherent quality of our live stock, and
the reason that the second and third-class stock coming to mar-
ket was bringing such low prices was because of lack of breed-
ing and lack of proper methods in growing and feeding it out.
I don't think there was ever a time since you men have been
engaged in the business that it was so important that you have
good, well-bred stock to feed out under these conditions of high-
priced labor, and everything entering into the cost of beef pro-
duction being on the high level of prices that it is now, that it
is so important that you have well-bred stock to put into your
feed lots and that you have well-bred stock on your farm.
The dairy interest has made tremendous strides. While the
dairy industry is a legitimate and a sound industry, it is one
that has not helped the grade of feeding steers that you people
put into your feed lots, if you use the dairy blood. It has its
place all right, and it has made great strides in Iowa, and sev-
eral million dollars' worth of dairy stock has been brought into
this state to be put on the farms. It has been put there because
it is sound practice to have good dairy stock, but with the tre-
mendous growth of the dairy industry in this country there has
been a constantly increasing number of animals going to market
for beef purposes that carry dairy blood. And then there is a
very large proportion of animals going to market for beef pur-
poses that do not carry any good blood. I don't think there was
ever a time when it Avas so important that the farmers of this
state and other states use good sires as it is today.
We know that the steers, if they are using good sires, may be
fed out profitably; and if they are using dairy sires they recog-
nize the importance as they never did before of having superior
animals there, and we are becoming dependent to a larger extent
each year upon the animals bred on the farms or somewhere else
476 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
— on the range. While I do not think that the range possibly
is going to disappear and that place will vanish as a source of
supply for feeding cattle for many years, yet I think that the
farmers have not kept pace in the improvement of their stock —
beef stock, I refer to especially, with the range breeders, and a
great many of our cattle that are going to market sell at a low
price because they have the inherent handicap of inferior blood.
You men as feeders can exercise a marked influence in your
communities if you will impress that upon the mind of the com-
mon farmer who keeps a few beef cows or grade cows and raises
a few steers that he sells to you or somebody else to feed out, or
if he feeds thems out himself, as a good many do, in single car-
load lots or less. I say that there is a place where there is room
for a very great improvement. We have heard a great deal
about the high cost of transportation and a great deal of com-
plaint about it and the injustice of it. It puts a certain handi-
cap upon farming operations. We are going to be under a seri-
ous handicap until we get some relief. But here is a place where
a handicap far greater is put upon the farmer's operations by
lack of good sires, good live stock. We are paying a bigger over-
head expense through the lack of good blood on the farms than
we are paying even at the increased cost of transportation at the
present time. The remedy for that is in our own hands, and
we can get results probably quicker than we can in securing
lower transportation, although we ought to have results in both
ways.
I mention that to you in connection with these other subjects
because I believe that that is something that goes home to every
one of us, something in which we need concerted effort and in-
telligent action in Iowa today more than ever before in the his-
tory of the state.
Mr. Ames : You spoke of soy beans. Is there any trouble
keeping them? How about storage?
Dean Curtiss : I don't think there will be much trouble, pos-
sibly a little trouble. We have not ground it or handled it in
large enough quantities to be absolutely sure of that; but our
experience does not indicate that we are likely to have any seri-
ous trouble.
A Member: Do they have to be ground?
Dean Curtiss: It ought to be ground for cattle or for hogs,
but not for sheep. It may be fed to cattle or hogs.
A Member: How about the plant, can it be ground?
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 477
Dean Curtiss : Yes, I think it can. We are doing something
right along that line. I believe we can take the entire plant and
put it through a mill something like the mills they use for grind-
ing alfalfa, and that soy bean meal, including the plant as well
as the bean, will be far better than the ground alfalfa, because it
will be richer and more potent and more effective. As I stated,
our experiments indicated the value of soy beans for feeding
swine to be 80 per cent that of tankage. In that we used the
meal alone.
A Member: Eighty per cent where it is used without grind-
ing?
Dean Curtiss: No, that was ground. When we had high
prices we had $17.50 more profit from using standard supple-
ments, cottonseed meal and linseed oil meal, than we had from
using prepared commercial feeds to supplement corn.
Mr. Gunn: Have you used phosphorus?
Dean Curtiss : We have used phosphorus at Ames. We have
had about as good results from a simple mixture like that men-
tioned, and the phosphorus is a more expensive product unless
you use ground phosphate. If you use ground limestone —
Mr. Gunn: Ground rock phosphate?
Dean Curtiss : If you use ground rock phosphate ; if you buy
phosphorus in some simple form.
A good many farmers in filling silos each year put soy beans
in with the corn. They let the soy bean grow in the corn to
maturity, so that the bean in the pod goes into the silo with the
corn, and that does make a marked improvement in the food
value ; and it makes a marked improvement when you turn the
hogs in in the fall when the beans are hardening, which is just
the time when the corn is in the best state.
There is a tremendous difference in the varieties and yield from
different varieties of soy beans, and we probably will put out
some publications on that. There are hundreds of varieties of
soy beans. Some of them will yield three or four times as much
as others, and we find that it is well to have the varieties that
will give the best returns in this climate. In other climates it
might be different. But some of you, if you get hold of the
wrong variety or some of the poorer varieties, might be disap-
pointed in the results you would get from soy beans. We are
testing out a great number of varieties each year.
The President : We would like to continue this discussion. I
know it is yery interesting. But you understand, gentlemen.
478 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
our time is very limited here, as I have already stated to you.
We are obliged to give possession of this room at a certain time,
and I think we will have to close the discussion at this time.
A Member : Might I ask if the information that they are try-
ing to get from Professor Curtiss is not published in bulletins
that could be obtained from the experiment station?
Dean Curtiss: Yes, we have that all in the form of bulletins
and circulars. We will probably put out an additional circular
giving information about the different varieties of soy beans
prior to the time for planting in the spring.
A Member : We can not secure any ground limestone. I
would like to ask Dean Curtiss the address of any firm that puts
it out in that shape.
Dean Curtiss : There are a number of places in the state
where you can buy ground limestone. We have bought it at
the rate of $1.25 a ton, or $1.50 a ton when applied to land,
some of our land that is acid. The closest place that I know of
here is the Iowa Falls Limestone Company. In the eastern part
of the state there is a region in Scott county about Buffalo where
you can get it. There are probably half a dozen places at least
where you can get it, regions where we have limestone, where
they are grinding it. It is a by-product of the limestone mills.
You can usually get it very cheap.
The President : Now we will close this discussion at this time.
The next number on our program, as you will know by the printed
program, is a young chap that we brought out here from Chicago,
and we brought him from New York to Chicago. We have
transported him around over the country quite a little. He
worked for Uncle Sam for some four or five years, in the Bureau
of Markets and in the administration of the stockyards during
the war, and for a while he was with one of the largest commis-
sion companies in Chicago after he resigned his position with the
Bureau of Markets. And then the Farm Bureau got hold of
him and toted him around a while, and last spring when we were
looking for a manager to put in charge of the Chicago Producers'
Commission Association, we went over into Ohio and made a
little search there to see if we could locate the young fellow, and
finally we ran onto him over there connected with the live stock
department of the Ohio Farm Bureau. So we brought him forth
and set him down in Chicago and put him in charge of the Chi
cago Producers' Commission Association.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 479
Now we have brought him out here in order that the Iowa
people, the Corn Belt feeders and the Co-operative Shippers,
might come in touch with S. W. Doty, the manager of the Chi-
cago Producers' Commission Association, and at least look him
over. Now Doty was out here a number of years ago, and you
older fellows will remember him, but a lot of these young men
were not here then. When he first became connected with the
Bureau of Markets, he came out to a corn belt meeting and made
us a talk, I think about the first year he Avas at Chicago. And
while he is awful busy down there at Chicago, on account of
the rushing business they were having this week — yet he cut
loose and came. So without any further remarks I am going to
present to you at this time S. W. Doty, manager of our Chicago
Producers' Commission Association.
CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING AGENCIES
BY S. W. DOTY
I am mighty pleased with the privilege to meet you men who repre-
sent the backbone of Iowa's live stock industry, and to tell you some-
thing of the Chicago Producers' Commission Association, which, after
all, is your own terminal selling agency at the Chicago yards. As you
know, Mr. Sykes, your honorable president, is president of the board of
directors of the Chicago Producers' Commission Association; and before
going further, I want to say that no little credit is due him for such prog-
ress as has been made to date. Not only has he put in a great deal of
time and hard work in the setting up of the organization there, but his
standing in the live stock world and his reputation for square and honest
dealing has been an inspiration for all of us boys who are serving you on
the market.
It is not necessary, as I see it, to describe the plan of organization of
the Producers' Commission Associations. That has been published and
talked so many times and so much in the past. Of course, you all under-
stand this plan originated with the Live Stock Marketing Committee of
Fifteen, which was appointed by the farm bureau a couple of years ago.
There are now producers' terminal selling agencies at the following mar-
kets: East St. Louis, Indianapolis, Chicago, Peoria, Buffalo, and Fort
Worth, and they were started in that order. Plans are under way for
opening similar organizations within the next few months at Cleveland,
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Kansas City, and possibly Sioux City markets.
So you will see, men, that they will have a chain of producers' owned
and controlled terminal selling agencies at these markets to serve you
in such a way as you will use them.
All of these producers' agencies have had their difficulties in getting
started on these various markets. The principal trouble has resulted
from discriminatory practices and I am very glad to say that these
troubles have been maintained through the benevolent activities of the
480 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
men who are designated to carry out the various regulations of packer
and stockyards administration. While all of our troubles have not been
eliminated, I am frank to say that the packer and stockyards adminis-
tration act has been of great help in getting these organizations started.
The Chicago Producers' Commission Association started, as you know,
June 19. We are now what you would call a six months old baby. Dur-
ing that six months period we have had consigned to us and sold 3,700
cars of stock, representing, in round numbers, 235,000 head of live stock,
and in value, $5,199,548. The commissions received for handling this
stock, in round numbers, amount to approximately $70,000. That is a
brief summary of the business of that organization to date.
In talking of the Chicago Producers' Commission Association, I am
afraid I am about in the position of Pat, who had something weighing
heavily upon his mind and went to confession. There he said, "Father,
I have got something that is bothering me. I want to confess." "Ail
right," the father said. He said: "Father, the other day I was working
in the back yard, and I kissed Mike's wife over the fence." "Well," the
father said, "how many times did you kiss her?" "Father," he said, "I
came to confess, not to brag." Now it is not to brag about the commis-
sion business here at all; it is just to tell you some of the facts about
the organization and some of the* things that we have been up against.
Mr. Sykes told you he was present during the setting up of the or-
ganization. We ran up against many rough spots, and in fact we have
not ridden over all of the rough spots yet. We are about in the position
of the Ford — it rambles along and gets there just the same.
Our first problem was to get men, salesmen, to handle this live stock
whom you men could have confidence in, who had the ability and who
could get the idea of the co-operative business. That was not an easy
thing to do. A great many of them — of course, their first thought was to
hold us up — demand large salaries. Mr. Sykes and I adopted the policy
at the outset that the best was none too good for the Producers in the
way of salesmanship at the Chicago yards.
Of course, as has been the history of co-operative selling agencies,
their business has run largely to hogs. We anticipated that from the
outset. We knew that it was going to be more difficult to influence the
cattle men of the country to break away from their old ties and patron-
ize their own organization, so we were not disappointed, although we felt
at the same time if we ever were going to get that cattle business it was
necessary to have the right kind of men. Naturally our salesmen — you
have probably heard criticisms or talk about the country; you can hear
anything you want to — that they are a lot of high paid men. But, men,
I want to tell you that there is not a man in the organization who is
receiving a salary but what he could receive from other commission firms
there. They are right in line, and I know not as high as many of the
firms are paying their better salesmen. So you can eliminate that from
your thoughts.
I am not going to try to load you down with figures or anything
like that, but I have a few here which I think will be rather interesting.
Naturally, our business has been largely from co-operative associations.
They are the people who have given us the support from the outset. To
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 481
give you some idea of the amount of co-operative shipments received at
the yards at Chicago, and what we have received of them, I want to give
you a few figures which were obtained from Mr. Harlan's department.
In July, there were 3,703 cars of co-operative shipment received at the
yards; August, 3,696; September, 3,060; October, 3,968, and November,
5,106 cars of stock from co-operative organizations. In November our
total business was 800 cars of stock. We had 172 straight loads — that is,
loads from individuals — one owner, making a total of 628 loads from co-
operative organizations. Those 628 loads represent 12.3 per cent of the
total co-operative shipments received at the yards.
To go still further and give you some idea of the work necessary
to handle this business for co-operative shipments, in those 628 loads they
averaged 8.4 owners per car, making a total of 5,447 individuals that we
did business for during the month of November. Now our business as
compared with the total receipts at the yards for the month of November
was 3 per cent of the total receipts. Our total receipts represented 3 per
cent of the total cars received at the yards; and we received 5.7 per cent
of the hogs for the month of November. In brief, that is a little analysis
of the business to date.
Just a little line as to our outlet. At the outset I am frank to say all
we had was the packers to buy our stock, and it made it very difficult
to operate at certain times. I feel that most days the packers paid us
as much for that stock as they paid anybody else; but, generally speak-
ing, the shippers and yard traders go out and buy stuff, particularly dur-
ing the summer, at higher prices than the packers will pay; and some
days, of course, it made our sales look bad. But it was not due to any-
thing in the organization which could be helped at the time.
On August 10, through the efforts of the packer and stockyards ad-
ministration discriminatory practices were declared off, and the market
was declared open. To be sure, it was not 100 per cent at the outset, but
every little bit helped, and our September business showed that 40 per
cent of our hogs went to shippers and yard traders, and since that time
there has been a gradual letting down of the bars until at the present
time shippers, yard traders, large and small packers are dealing with us
freely.
I am frank to say that while the impetus was given originally through
the packer and stockyards administration, a great deal of — well, more
than any other one thing, that can be laid to the personnel of your sales-
men that we have there toward other buyers in the yard. They were
anxious to trade with us just as soon as they possibly could, and they did,
and some of them went so far as to be ostracized from stockyard society
in order to trade with the Producers.
Now, men, you understand we are not members of the Exchange.
We have absolutely no ill feeling toward the Live Stock Exchange. On
the contrary, I, for one, am willing to acknowledge that they have done a
great deal of good in the past in the way of helping to keep down bad
practices at the yards. Our policy has been to follow out the rules and
methods of trading practice as outlined by the Exchange just as far as
we possibly can — in other words, give those fellows absolutely clean,
honest competition. That is what they have had every inch of the way.
31
482 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
We try not to antagonize them any more than we can possibly help;
and while we may have been given credit for other than that, you can
take it from me that it is not so. We have been busy enough looking
after our own business without bothering the other fellow.
(President Horlacher presiding.)
President Horlacher: I know we have all appreciated Mr.
Doty's talk. While he didn't tell us how to raise and feed our
live stock, Mr. Doty has tried to tell us something about the sell-
ing end of it. We have with us now a man who needs no intro-
duction. In fact, he is far better known in this state than I am.
He is going to tell us something about transportation. I am
pleased at this time to present Doctor Nourse, of the Iowa State
College, who will talk on transportation.
RAILROAD RATE PROBLEMS
BY PROF. E. G. NOURSE
Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen: I think the chairman was just about
right, friends, when he said I was going to tell you something of trans-
portation, as related to live stock. I think that it is possible that the
most of what I may say relates to something other than what is set down
as the topic of my talk this afternoon — Railroad Rate Problems.
I can not forego the opportunity, however, of saying something about
the work that we have been doing up at the college in connection with
the economic side of the live stock industry, and I think it is logical
enough to begin with that, because what I say about transportation sim-
ply grows out of a program of work reaching back a number of years, and
I want to run over very hastily what we have done there. So it will be
something in the nature of a report upon that live stock marketing work,
and also I think I am justified in taking this opportunity in connection
with that to explain somewhat our attitude, our conclusions, with refer-
ence to this whole co-operative live stock shipping and selling problem.
This is the last time I shall have an opportunity to appear before you
as the representative of that line of work, and it seems to me that it is
such an important time in connection with the whole development of
that, that I hope you will bear with me if my story seems to be a little
bit long.
Now when the agricultural economics section of the college was es-
tablished and began its work a few years ago, we had one idea in mind,
namely, that we would not scatter our energies. Our offices and person-
nel were limited; we could not afford to scatter our energies over a lot
of fields. We had to pick out one field which we considered of para-
mount importance, one subject which was timely, and to start in at some
logical place on that and to stay with it until we got through to some
place which would result in doing something of real, permanent, con
structive benefit.
You will have to be the judge of whether we have done that or not,
but I state at the beginning that that much is what we have been trying
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 483
to do. We therefore began our work in connection with the marketing
of live stock. The reasons are obvious. The live stock industry is, in
terms of dollars returned to the producers of this state, the one which
is financially most important. We approached it from the standpoint of
the co-operative method of handling live stock shipments, which just then
was at the peak, or perhaps in a boom period— a highly stimulated period
of growth. We found that co-operative live stock shipping associations
had had an unprecedented run, 310 such associations being formed over
the state in a single year.
We therefore felt that it was quite possible that some of that growth
was rather hasty, and that the foundations were not laid as permanently
as they might be; that there might be some danger of mistakes in con-
nection with that movement or the uncertainty of a going business with
some of those associations. We therefore conceived it as being one of
the greatest opportunities that we would have to put our efforts at the
beginning in the careful, systematic, impartial study of that method which
was assuming so great importance and on whose success so many people
in the state were pinning their hopes at that time.
Possibly some of you have seen the experiment station bulletin, No.
200, in which we gave a report of that survey. We did simply the first
study, a general study, trying to get our bearings. It was not the end.
We did not merely care to go out and get the information and say there
are so many associations and their management made so much, and they
handled so many cars of stock. We wanted to make a quantitative
measure of that movement, but also we wanted to make a real economic
analysis of what it was doing, what it was trying to do, the methods it
was following and the soundness of those methods from the standpoint
of modern business organization, because we looked at it this way:
That movement was not merely 647 little individual shipping associa-
tions here and there; but, take it altogether, they represented a state-
wide effort of the live stock producers of this state to go into the busi-
ness of handling the marketing of their live stock for themselves, and as
we showed when we did count noses and measure the value of those cars,
it represented a business in that year of $100,000,000.
Now if that thing is going to be handled on a satisfactory basis, we
must bring to bear upon it all that is known about good, sound business
organization in general, and in particular all that we know about the
peculiar form of business organization which is known as co-operative
today, if the farmers of the state are going to incorporate a great, state-
wide business with a product of $100,000,000 and handle it in a really
efficient and a really economical manner and are going to accomplish
real, significant savings and a permanent improvement in the method
of marketing live stock.
All right. After we had made our study of that shipping association
movement as it stood at that time, all of the men who participated in that
study felt that certain outstanding conclusions could be drawn from that.
We felt that our first fear was more than justified, namely, that a great
many of those organizations were on a very insecure basis, that there
were certain outstanding weaknesses in the plan of organization and of
operation. We found that in a great many cases the association had been
484 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
formed because the people thought they could accomplish something
through that, and when they had gone through the preliminaries of organ-
izing the association, getting a certain number to sign on the dotted line,
and then it came to the practical problem of handling the shipping busi-
ness of the association, they looked around to elect a manager, and they
said: "Well, George, you better do it." George couldn't do that, and he
said, "No, let Bill do it." And that managership, that important busi-
ness position on which the whole success of the association depended,
was knocked about from one to the other, and very frequently passed
from one to another every month or two, so that you might have three
or four managers in the first six months of the association.
Generally there wasn't any six months' period under those circum-
stances, and in a large majority of cases it finally ended up in the hands
of a man who hadn't had anything like a business training for the carry-
ing on of that sort of business. We found that there was really not any
constructive business move for the improvement of live stock shipping
going on in the case of a majority of those associations. We felt that
the problem of working out with these managers who were anxious
enough to do just that thing but didn't know how to get into it — for us
to work out with them some principles of sound organization and of good
business management and of good accounting, was the first thing by
which we could carry through from that initial stage into something
that would be a constructive and permanent help to guarantee the suc-
cess of those local shipping associations.
We looked ahead a year before that and had stolen away from some
people who wanted him, a man who was particularly well qualified to
work out the accounting problems and the business management prob-
lems of the local shipping association. Mr. Robotka, of our staff, per-
fected a simple system of accounting for local co-operative live stock
shipping associations, which in the form of a bulletin is now in press at
the station, and will be out in the course of a couple of weeks probably,
a system in which the experience of all this group of states through here,
who also had a great body of experimentation and experience with ship-
ping associations, was drawn upon and the forms which were finally
worked out are now being used all over this state and are being ordered
from other states because of the fact that that really represents the final
result of the experience in co-operative live stock shipping today.
Now we still had that feeling that we wanted to follow through, start
in at some proper place and follow through, these problems until we
could get results. We could not stop when we simply had found out
amongst a small, select group of people what was necessary in the way
of accounts which would put such an association on a real business basis.
That might be known to a few people. Some form might be drawn up,
but you can not stop there unless that actually is carried out to all those
managers so that they have at least an opportunity. There is no coer-
cion in this, but so that any manager who really wants to study the busi-
ness management of a co-operative live stock shipping association has
that opportunity. If you do that, then you are really getting that service
under way.
So the job that was begun in the experiment station passed over to
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 485
the extension organization, and, believe me, they squared up to it. They
put on the men that were necessary, and a series of managers' short
courses was held over this state last year. Many of you know about
that, first hand. Others are being held this year. Mr. Thompson, who
has been in charge of the work, is going to explain some features of it in
detail tomorrow. I am not stealing any of his thunder. I just want lO
pass through that and to our next problem.
What have we done up to that point? We have worked out a model
system by which any co-operative manager of this state who will give a
few days to studying that may have a simple system of bookkeeping by
which he will set down regularly and systematically, and on a model,
uniform system, all the facts which are essential to the continuous study
of the factors of success in that business. Just exactly as under the
Interstate Commerce Commission it developed a uniform system of ac-
counting for the railroads and as any big business organization through
its head accountant does work out such systems so that they can make
a comparative study of the results of this office or that office, this branch
or that branch, this department or that department and also get final
figures as to the financial results, such a system has been worked out
so that it is now possible to make an actual statement as to what ship-
ping associations are doing, to compare one shipping association with
another, to compare results which they get in one market with results
which they get in another. In other words, when you get, as we have, a
large number of associations keeping accounts on that basis, we really
can have authoritative information as to the factors of success or of fail-
ure which enter into the day-to-day operations of every shipping associa-
tion which elects to go on that plan.
We felt sure that if we made that sort of a scientific business studv,
because that is just what they are, and every sort of really progressive
modern business organization is doing that, we felt that we would get
results there which would enable us to find where the leaks were and to
find which method of handling shipments or running the association really
results in saving. That is what the farmer started out with. He said:
"We can make a great saving by co-operation." I say you should prac-
tice that. I believe you can do it just by doing that, not handling your
business in a loose sort of way. If the shippers of this state will start
under the co-operative plan and devise a real business system and elimi-
nate wasteful methods with a lot of leaks and a lot of guesses and a lot
of uncertainty, if you will put it on a basis of uniform records and theu
apply business analysis, you will find certain very illuminating facts
which will be the foundation upon which the co-operative movement may
build forward today in this state, what the California Fruit Growers'
Exchange, for example, has done in California, namely, get at the factors
of waste, improve their shipping practice and their selling market rules,
which is their best home outlet and the cheapest way to get it and act-
ually reduce expenses.
Now I think we have passed to that third stage at the present time.
I can hardly say some things about the results of the work that has been
done without encroaching upon Mr. Thompson, but there are some people
here who will not be in the meeting tomorrow. Seven counties in this
486 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
state now have organizations through which those figures are being
studied by a surveys committee on that comparative basis; and if you
were to talk to any of those managers, I think that every one of them will
say they are learning more about the business from the scanning of their
own reports, and then by comparing those reports with the reports of
other associations in that county, than they ever dreamed was to be
learned in that business.
Now I want to say just a word in that connection as to how far we
can or should go in connection with that work. It is very obvious that
the experiment station or extension service is not authorized to go into
the business of running co-operative shipping in this state. I think that
thing is perfectly clear. On the other hand, we know it is apparent that
there is a problem to be investigated there. We felt and still feel that
we were amply justified in going in and rendering such service as we
could through a trained staff of specialized workers, such as we have
been building up there. We could not indefinitely supervise the work of
shipping associations in these seven counties or any other counties. In
other words, that was first an investigational problem, the work of the
experiment station. It was, second, a demonstrational problem.
We had to take those results out and show them, just as the results
of feeding or any other work are taken out to show the state what they
mean, and the value of those results, and the benefit which can be se-
cured by following those methods. It is not our function to carry through
the commercial operations in which those results will be applied in day-
to-day operations; and you will see that in developing my subject in this
way, I am explaining somewhat our attitude with reference to co-operative
organizations and development.
We feel that there is along just these lines a work of supervision and
of assistance, if you please, of overhead service, such as the head office
of a big company renders to all its parts, which must be done outside of
the local village where the shipping point is located. That is the con-
clusion which has been impressed upon us at every stage of our study.
You can not expect a local group of farmers to find the right sort of a
manager and get him started on the right sort of business methods, and
keep him lined up to give the service with reference to a very large
number of pressing problems which are coming up in the operation of
that association. In other words, the local association can not go it
entirely alone.
I think that the experience of shipping associations in this state,
running back many years, running, if you stop and study the records,
away back into the Grange days even, is that there were many, many
failures and comparatively a small number of successes that ran over
any long period of years. A very large number of associations were
formed a few years ago which made a promising beginning, but whose
future stability often depends upon being welded into some sort of a sys-
tem which holds them in their place and enables them really to get the
benefits of big business organization, which I take it was the goal to-
ward which they started at the beginning, and the only way througn
which co-operation is going to bring any real substantial business saving
to them.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 487
So if any of you have some time to waste and will turn back to this
"State Co-operative Shipping Associations," you will find in the back of
that a statement made as to the necessity of welding these local associa-
tions into a state-wide service organization in order that that work might
be performed. We believe that the experience of two more years since
the time that was written has reinforced the conclusions which we had
at that time as to the necessity of such an overhead organization, if the
local associations are to be supported and served and kept in a healthy,
progressive, growing state.
The time, I think, has arrived and it seems to me that in these annual
meetings which are being held today and tomorrow, history is going to
be made. We know very well that since the time we made that survey
the number of shipping associations has declined. We have not made a
re-survey, and we don't know how much. We know that the volume of
stuff shipped co-operatively is considerably less today than it was then.
Well, that is some of the wind going out of it, that is true; but the ques-
tion which is up right now is this: Are we going to, right now in this
very important transition period, are we going to say that the co-opera-
tive shipping movement is really a sound, sensible, sane sort of way for
farmers to get together and handle their live stock shipments, and put
the business on a solid basis and let it build forward, "not too rapidly,
but build forward solidly and permanently and to achieve really pro-
gressive results? That decision has got to be reached, I think, because
if no decision is reached, I think there is hardly a question but that we
will see the gradual further decline of the co-operative shipping move-
ment. It don't disappear. It can not possibly disappear, but it will drop
back to a situation in which we have a few local associations which get
on a permanent basis, but which do not actually do anything very signifi-
cant for the live stock shippers of this state. They would make some
small local savings, but they would not do those real big and signifi-
cant things that the co-operative society started out with.
It seems to me very encouraging that the State Federation of Co-op-
erative Shippers has accomplished as much as it has through this past
year. It seems to me very fortunate also that there is a getting together
of this young organization of the live stock industry with the old associa-
tion which has been established and has rendered so much service to the
live stock shippers of the state back over a long period of years. I
hope that the fellowship may be made stronger, that the support of the
old association will be rendered in every tangible form to the younger
association as time goes on. I want to suggest in that connection what
it seems to me is aside from this matter of building up a commercial
organization in which the local associations may be federated, through
which they may select and train and promote managers, through which
they may start a study of their business. I think in addition to that
there are several very practical important problems, jobs which are up
to such an organization.
Once you get to the point where you begin to have a stream of regu-
lar business statements coming from the association, you can begin to
analyze the items of expense, and the whole co-operative movement starts
out to reduce the expense item. Once you begin to analyze the items of
488 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
expense, and the whole co-operative movement starts out to reduce the
expense item. Once you begin to analyze those items of expense you see
that the transportation cost looms up very large. The history of the
Corn Belt Meat Producers indicates that. They realized the importance
of that particular phase of the work, and years ago they tackled it and
from time to time through their history they have been working on it.
But I venture to suggest that what is needed for the shipping in-
dustry of this state is not merely the excellent organizations of the Corn
Belt Meat Producers to have it attend to certain rate problems, but what
is needed is a real traffic organization in some sort of a permanent sys-
tem with the shippers' organization constantly studying every phase of
the traffic problem as it presents itself to these local associations.
We find, for example, that in the first place the local manager's
losses are larger than they need be, and that is a service which this de*
partment should be getting at. In some cases it is poor train service,
which could be improved. In some cases it is poor loading, not properly
cleaning the cars, overloading, a lot of questions which start right at the
loading station but which reach forward through the whole transportation
system into the terminal market.
We find that the local manager knows very little about transportation
methods. He does not know from the occasional use of a car the rates
that are charged, whether he is getting all that he is entitled to or not.
Losses occur from time to time. He does not know exactly how to pre-
sent his claims and to present them in the form which will most fully
insure the collection of the part which is a just claim. In a great many
cases the charge which is made is not the correct charge. He is not a
traffic man, and he is not in a position to check up on that.
Now I submit that the business which ships $100,000,000 — well, not
that now, but could very well ship a good deal more than that if the co-
operative shipping movement was universal over the state — but a busi-
ness of that magnitude— call it $50,000,000— a business of $50,000,000 that
has no traffic department, no one to check up to see what the freight
rates are, that you take advantage of the freight rate as fully as possible,
no one to audit the freight bills, no one to systematically present claims,
that is a business which is very loosely organized and in a very weakly
managed condition.
Seems to me that the lesson of the figures which they are getting at
from these shipping associations indicates very clearly that there must
be some organization in competent hands and a trained, professional
traffic man on the job, I guess we can say 365 days a year, because they
ship stock on Sundays so often, who should be on the job the year around
to render service to all these shipping associations so that their bills will
be audited, and the results from that will largely support the bureau, so
that their claims will be — in the first place, that the cause for claims
will be reduced to the very minimum, and that when claims do arise that
they will be presented promptly and in such a way as to get the best at-
tention and the first chance of collection.
Now there is another phase of that, and for that I want to use a map
which I brought here. The freight rate structure, as you all know, is a
funny sort of a critter. It just "growed," like Topsy, but I believe it
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 489
"growed" crazier and crazier than ever Topsy "growed." I don't profess
to be a traffic man myself, but even an ignoramus in those matters can
see the intricacies of the situation and the pecularities of the situation,
and just because of his ignorance, I think, because of the limitations of
his knoweldge of it, can see how impossible it is for the ordinary, un-
trained local shipping manager to cope with it.
The picture we have here is that of the freight rates on hogs to the
Chicago terminal market from the state of Iowa. Particularly over here
in the eastern part of the state you see a very curious situation. You
probably can not read the rates from there — rates of 25 cents, 26, 27%,
26 1-6, 25, 24%, running through there. Down in here, 23, 24%, 27— a
little pocket there in which they are 27; a little pocket in which they
are 26. And the St. Louis map, a still more complicated situation, in
which you have rates of 24% and 31 cents side by side, with 26 cents in
this area here, 28 in a little pocket here which runs across two others
which are 29 and 26 cents side by side.
Now, what is the result of that? It means that managers are ship-
ping their stock by the one way that they have happened to stumble onto,
whereas routing it another way or knowing what the actual possibilities
of rate-making are for their station, or in many, many cases where rail-
roads are close together delivering to one station instead of another,
would mean a very considerable saving.
In Ohio, for example, the live stock shippers there have got a traffic
department on the job, and they recently supplied that traffic man with
a problem. They were bringing in some feeders, and in the first sixty-
six cars of feeders they brought in they found that not a single freight
rate had been figured correctly. About the same situation would apply
in many areas in this state.
There are two problems really which confront the farmer when he
organizes to improve his handling of his marketing problems. The first
one is to perfect an organization around the existing market system
and the existing freight structure, as other well-organized businesses,
so that he really will be getting the maximum advantage of that organ-
ization as it exists, that he will route by the cheapest way, that he will
choose the market which gives the highest net dollar. And that means
not merely looking from this area here to the quotations of St. Louis
and Chicago, but of knowing very definitely the freight rate differentials
in order that he may figure down to his net charge and not be misled
by the market quotation; that he may figure it down accurately and take
advantage of the odd half cent or cent even.
It means an organization also that would permit of shipping possibly
at different times from different shipping points in a territory in which
several railroads are about as available. That is the first thing. And
then the matter of auditing bills and checking up and of pressing claims
and of calling for better service of getting better facilities at the local
yards, and all that sort of thing.
There is a great big job which could be done by that $50,000,000
shipping industry in this state, which presses in burning needs to be done,
which must be done before you can see co-operation really as a construe-
490 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
tive agency for meeting shipping conditions and reducing costs. That
is the first.
The second one is, after examining that situation and finding that
you are not entirely satisfied with it, to put the whole weight of that
$50,000,000 co-operative shipping group, plus the other $50,000,000 or
$100,000,000 or $200,000,000 that are represented by the other live stock
shippers of the state, back of a demand for a reform where reform is
really justified, and I think that the same map I presented here to show
those local peculiarities illustrates that second class of service.
You probably know that the live stock rates of this state are based
on the Mississippi river rate and the Missouri river rate, the Mississippi
river rate being 25 and the Missouri river rate being 36 cents. For com-
petitive reasons, those two basing points have been established, regard-
less of whether we think that is too much or too little, as a general
level of rates. Is the rate structure built around those two basic points
in a way which is equitable to the Iowa live stock producer? I think
not. What has happened?
Competitive conditions have meant that the railroads could not get
more than 36 cents from live stock shipped from the Missouri river
points. They could not get more than 25 cents for live stock shipped
here. (Indicating.) All right. How shall the rates in between be estab-
lished? Normally, equitably, in the interest of the producer, they would
be established by stepping up your rates from 25 to 36 cents across the
state approximately in proportion to the distance, because that is our
general principle of law making, that the longer haul should bear the
higher charge and the shorter haul the lower charge; and you and I
would start from the Mississippi river and would establish those rates by
additions to that, distributing the whole 11 cents across the state on
that equitable sort of basis. The railroads are not interested from the
same point of view that we are, hence what did they do? They start
from the Missouri river and take and apply their 36-cent rate just as far
back as they can — in other words, until they get to the point where
the local rate to the Mississippi river plus your 25 cents from the Mis-
sissippi river to Chicago makes 36 cents.
They push this 36-cent zone clear over to the middle of the state
instead of having it apply to about fifty or sixty along the western
side. That means pushing all the rest of the rates over here. Starting
across the state, with approximately 300 miles, we find that an advance
of 7V2 cents is made in the first hundred miles, leaving only 3V2 cents,
the remainder of that 11 cents, to apply to all the rest of the 200 miles,
and in that 200 miles the maximum rate is applied to 120 miles, which
means every producer in these zones is bearing more than a proportionate
part of that freight burden.
That is a little bit like telling an old story to the Corn Belt Meat
Producers, because they knew all that twelve or fourteen years ago.
They knew that sufficiently so that they went before the Interstate Com-
merce Commission with a case asking them for an equitable zoning of
live stock rates across the state of Iowa, and they had quite a case. They
put up a pretty good fight, and when they got through, they had that kind
of a map— approximately that. There are some changes. This is the
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 491
present system. They had pushed their half-cent increases along here,
in a substantially equitable manner until this territory over here was
paying 33 ^ in some areas and 34 and 35 in areas all of which were pay-
ing 36 before, and still are paying 36 on hogs.
Some of you probably remember some of the reasons which entered
into that. They started out to make out a case on cattle, hogs and sheep.
They were interrupted. Certain other interests intervened. You decided
— I suppose because you are steer feeders in the main — that you would
fight for cattle rates and let somebody else take care of the hog and
sheep people, the sheep interests not being so large and the hog interests
being very large but not being organized at that time as they are today.
Mr. Doty said co-operative shipping is largely hog shipping, so the hog
shippers are organized.
When your case was presented, Judge Prouty was the man who was
in charge. At that time they established the principle, approaching it
from the producers' side, that this differential of 11 cents should be zoned
out over the state in such a way as to be equitable to the producer, de-
pending on what section of the state he lived in, or, in other words, his
distance from the terminal market. That was recognized. The railroads
were instructed to prepare a method. Some details were argued over,
some compromises were made, but the essential principle was recognized
by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was upheld by them, and has
been recognized on several subsequent occasions in the case of class
rates.
Live stock rates, as you know, are a commodity rate. But that same
principle has been applied in the case of several subsequent hearings
before the Interstate Commerce Commission and has been upheld. The
principle upon which you fought and got recognized at that time is
thoroughly incorporated into the rate-making philosophy today, and so
you not only got your cattle rate at that time, but you laid a splendid
foundation for any subsequent work which may be done in the interests
of the hog men — the shippers of hogs and sheep.
You will agree that what I have had to say about rates is a com-
paratively small part of my story, but I want to, in closing, just empha-
size that thing — that you are not going to get problems of that sort
brought to a showdown and presented satisfactorily unless you have
some business organization on the part of the different classes of pro-
ducers which is organized on a professional basis, which is organized on
a program basis, and which has the organization and the class of em-
ployes proportionate to the amount of the product and the value of the
service which is involved; and it seems to me that we stand at the part-
ing of the ways.
We have had a sort of unprofessional organization for the live stock
shippers of this state. It seems to me that we have worked along with
tnat unprofessional, young kind of organization about long enough. We
can approve very heartily of the excellent things that they have done
under a rather severe handicap, but the importance and the size and the
value of that industry means that the time has come when it has got
to step forward from those excellent small beginnings into a really big
business type of organization, if it is going to justify its existence, if it
492 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
is going to make an appeal to the shipper in the future by giving him
results.
We don't have very much co-operation in the state of Iowa. I say
that advisedly, because I have taken a good deal of time in the last few
years and performed a considerable amount of travel to see what is done
in other states. We have big problems here of our own. I do not see
any reason, after a very careful study of what has been done in the
commodities in which we are interested, and what has been done in other
lines, I do not see any inherent reason why we should not have business
experience and brains enough in this state to build an organization which
would achieve a really distinctive service for live stock shipping — we are
talking about that — and the others, too — but for live stock shipping, the
distinctive service which has been performed for the shipping of fruits,
vegetables and various products in other parts of the United States.
It would be a somewhat different organization, but it seems to me that
the essential features of it are pretty well established. They standard-
ize the local association, the overhead service organization with profes-
sional departments for the taking care of the several lines of service —
and I featured traffic today — which are called for and effect the real suc-
cess of those organizations. When we have done that, then we can put
the support of that great, big, organized movement back of a terminal
selling agency such as Mr. Doty has been explaining today.
They say they haven't got very much stock from Iowa up to the
present time. They normally would expect, in view of the size of the
live stock industry and the number of shippers in this state, a large
amount. It seems to me that the whole future success of the terminal
selling movement depends upon just two things, the two things, or the
lack of which, caused the failure of a previous attempt at terminal sell-
ing. Certainly many of the older men in this organization are familiar
with the fact that some years ago you had quite an ambitious selling
scheme which was operated for a time.
Why did it fail? There were just exactly two reasons. Am I not
right in this? When it went into the terminal stockyards markets it
was boycotted and black-jacked by the selling organizations in those mar-
kets. It was hit on one side, and on the other side it was not supported
by a well-organized, loyal group of shippers who really believed — hadn't
gotten educated up to the point where they organized the volume of co-
operative stuff to turn over to it and make the business when it started.
Those two things wiped it out in every one of those five markets they
started. It only took four years to put the whole thing out of business.
There is no reason on earth why all the effort that has been put forth
by the National Live Stock Producers on terminal selling agencies at the
present time should be wiped out in four years. As Mr. Doty said, we
have today the Packers and Stockyards Administration, and with Mr.
Wallace back of it, and the men who are in the Department of Agricul-
ture, we can be pretty near sure that an organization of farmers who are
organized on a business basis going into those yards will have a better
chance handed them, for they are not going to be black-jacked. If they
are able to put up a good, efficient business organization there, they are
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 493
going to have a chance to put it across. So that it seems to me the
problem is pretty well disposed of.
But that organization is not going to get the volume of business con-
tinually and without the cost of solicitation, and to be sure of what it is
going to have, to put it on a really successful basis, unless back in the
states there is a strongly developed, centrally developed, good service or-
ganization or shippers' federation tied into well-managed, standardized
local associations. That is what I mean when I don't see any reason
why we can not achieve the real results which co-operation can achieve
in the industry of live stock shipping. I can not see any reason why we
can not do it, but I feel perfectly sure that we won't do it unless v/e
proceed on substantially those lines.
Either the shipping movement is going to go forward or it is going to
go back. It has to be able to take an aggressive forward step pretty
soon or it is not going to hold its own. It has got to show service and
show results. It can do it. It has a great foundation laid, but it must
be put, through the proper sort of support, in a position to go ahead and
build up those lines of service, and I think that the field is ripe for the
harvest.
The President : The next speaker on the program is Mr. C. L.
Harlan, whom the Secretary of Agriculture has put in charge of
this statistical work, this live stock census work that I referred
to. So without any further remarks in the way of introduction
I am going to introduce to you Mr. Harlan at this time, who will
tell you of their plans and purposes in a short talk to you.
ADDRESS BY C. L. HARLAN
(Regional Director United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of
Agricultural Economics, of Chicago.)
I am very pleased to appear before you today, who represent the live
stock business of the state of Iowa, and present to you briefly the work
that the Department of Agriculture is doing in this new work of live
stock estimates.
As you possibly know, congress at the session of last spring, made
available to the Department of Agriculture an additional appropriation
for the use of what was formerly the Division of Crop Estimates, to carry
on similar work in the matter of live stock. This appropriation became
available the first of July of this year, and since that time the Depart-
ment has been engaged in trying to build up an organization to handle
this work.
Before the work was undertaken, two conferences were held to take
up with producers of live stock, marketing agencies of all kinds, and
people who are interested in live stock marketing in any of its angles,
the question of the kind of work this new division should undertake, how
it should be undertaken, and what should be its general aims.
The first of these conferences was in Chicago, and covered repre-
sentatives of the middle-west or corn belt, and the second was in Denver,
494 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
in July, which took in representatives of the western growing — rather,
producing — areas for cattle and sheep. As a result of these two confer-
ences, a rather definite program of work was drawn up, and that is the
program that we are now engaged in putting into effect.
In the matter of crop estimates, the efforts of the Department have
•all been centered largely upon estimating the amount of crops that were
grown — that is, what has been the production in each state and in the
country as a whole, of specific crops. They have never devoted any
time to the marketing or available market supplies of crops except as
those can be assumed from the general production.
With this live stock work, however, two distinct aims are in view.
One is to estimate the changes in productions of live stock, the increases
or decreases from year to year on farms and ranches of all classes of live
stock, and the other is to estimate what are the available supplies of live
stock that are apt to be ready for market within the shortest periods
of time — seasonable supplies, and it is this work of trying to determine
what are the seasonable supplies in which I am most actively engaged.
But in order to get a background, a historical background, that can be of
use in determining these probable available market supplies, it has been
necessary for us to do considerable work in getting back data of what
have been the live stock movements in the past, and we have been doing
a great deal of work in the last few months with the different agencie 5
which handle live stock from the time it leaves the farm until it finally
goes into consumption to get dependable information along these lines.
This has been obtained from railroads, from packers, from stock-
yards, from concentration points, from all people who handle live stock.
Our aim with the railroads has been to start January 1, 1922, and get a
station record of receipts and forwardings of all classes of live stock by
species, by months, from that period down to January 1 of this year for
all railrods or for all systems west of the Ohio-Pennsylvania line and
north of the Ohio river. That means that we have had to go to the rail-
roads and ask them to either prepare this for us or make available their
records by which we could prepare it.
When this is finally secured, it is going to give us a very valuable
index as to what is the movement of live stock in the country. In Iowa,
for example, our intention is to organize that on a county and regional
basis. That is, we will take all the stations in a particular county and
we will know the shipments in and the shipments out of all kinds of live
stock in that county for each month in the year, and we will be able
then to determine what is the importance of each county in the state as
a live stock producing county and a live stock shipping county. We will
also know how many carloads of cattle, for instance, are shipped out of
a county, and how many are shipped in, which will give us the first
index as to what the local production in that county is above what is
brought in from the outside.
Prom the stockyards, all the larger stockyards in the country, we
secured a monthly report for this same period, showing the state of
origin of the receipts of the different classes of live stock by months,
so that we will know at each one of these markets just how many of the
different species each state has contributed. We are getting the same
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 495
information from the concentration points which operate largely in
Iowa and a few in Illinois, and a few, possibly, in other states. The same
information from small packers the small Iowa packers and other pack-
ers elsewhere who buy live stock, and especially hogs, direct, which do
not go through public stockyards markets.
When all this information is assembled, we are going to be able to
tell just how many head of the various species of live stock have been
marketed in each state during each month in the year, and during the
year as a whole, and that is one kind of information that never has yet
been available. I do not think that anyone has ever been able to even
approximately guess the number of millions of head of live stock that
have actually moved to market out of the state of Iowa within a year, or
to what markets they have gone.
Mr. Doty has told you of the work of the Producers' commission
firms at the markets, and Doctor Nourse has told you of the work that
they have been doing, and Mr. Espe of the work they have been doing
with regard to the local activities of co-operative shipping associations.
It is evident to me that the great value of this work that they are doing
is not going to be simply the possible saving of a few dollars a car in
commissions at the other end of the line or possibly a saving of a few
dollars in the possible excess profits that formerly went to the local live
stock dealer at this end of the line; but it will be a building up some
kind of an organization that can help in the more efficient marketing and
the more orderly marketing of the country's live stock, and that was one
of the important problems that was considered by the Live Stock Market-
ing Committee of Fifteen, and was the one that they had in mind when
they drew up this plan of producer owned and operated selling agencies
at these various yards.
But it is also evident to me that there is no possibility of bringing
about a more orderly or a more efficient marketing of the live stock sup-
plies unless you have some way of determining what those supplies are
going to be, because if your orderly methods are not going to take hold
until the stuff reaches the market, it seems to me you are going to miss
the big chance of bringing about a better distribution. So it is in order
to try to develop methods of determining what these supplies are going
to be that this work is directed.
In the corn belt states our work has developed far enough at the
present time so that we have undertaken to make an estimate of the
number of cattle and the number of sheep that were on feed as of Decem-
ber 1 of this year. Those estimates were released for publication, the one
on cattle yesterday, I think, and the one on sheep was to be released to-
day. You may be interested in knowing what those estimates were. The
estimate with regard to the probable number of cattle on feed as of Dec-
ember 1, this year, as compared with December 1 last year, is an appar-
ent increase of 27 per cent. This estimate is based upon the known
movement of stocker and feeder cattle and calves from forty-three public
stockyards into each state for the four months from August 1 to Decem-
ber 1, and for the year to December 1, covering four years past, and the
comparative movement of such cattle by months and years from sixty-
seven markets since 1916; upon corn and forage supplies in each state;
496 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
upon personal investigations by state statisticians in each state, and upon
replies made by feeders themselves to inquiries as to their own opera-
tions and neighboring situation.
Now that estimate of 27 per cent increase covers the corn belt as a
whole, including eleven states, five east of the Mississippi river and six
west. The situation is quite different in different states. For two states
which are comparatively unimportant as feeding states there was an
apparent decrease. In the rest of the states there was an apparent in-
crease in all of them, which varied from about 50 per cent in Iowa to 25
per cent in Nebraska, South Dakota and Missouri, and 35 per cent in
Illinois.
Now, as indicated there, we have a number of sources of information
on which we undertook to base that estimate. There are certain figures
that are available to us, and more and more figures and information of
this kind will be available to us in the future. That is, we know the
number of head of stocker and feeder cattle that are shipped out of each
of forty-three markets, and these cover all the important markets of the
country. We know into which states those stocker and feeder cattle go.
But of course we don't know exactly the condition of those cattle as they
go into those states, nor exactly the use that is being made of them
after they have been received there.
We have more information than we have had before as to the char-
acter of the cattle. For example, we know — we have the figures from
the Omaha market showing the weights of stocker and feeder cattle that
are shipped out of that market into different states in five different
weights— 1,000 pounds, 800 to 900 pounds, 700 to 800 pounds, 700 pounds
down not including calves, and calves, so we have a pretty good index
as to the character of the cattle going out of Omaha. We have the same
information from Chicago. We have other sources of information, but
not so exact as that, on some of the other markets.
On the basis of that information, and information that we have re-
ceived from feeders themselves in reply to questionnaires, it seems ap-
parent that the cattle that are going from the markets this year are
heavier than the ones that went out last year, and the estimate based
on this information is that it seems that about 30 per cent of the cattle
go into feed lots as of December 1, 30 per cent of them weighed 1,000
pounds and up, 32 per cent from 750 to 1,000 pounds, 20 per cent less
than 750 pounds, but not including calves, and about 18 per cent of
calves.
But while there seem to be more heavy cattle going into feed lots
this year, there are also other sources of information that indicate there
is probably a larger number of calves that will be fed out and won't go
to market until late in the summer and on into the autumn. We also
found that, according to the expressed intention of the feeders, 15 per
cent of the number of these cattle would be marketed in December, 14
per cent in January, 12 per cent in February, 13 per cent in March, 11
per cent in April, 16 per cent in May, and 19 per cent some time after
June 1.
That brings me, then, to the problem we are up against in getting
enough information as to the intentions of feeders themselves to be able
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 497
to know fairly definitely as to what is this situation as to intended mar-
keting. As a matter of fact, I think cattle feeders are apt to be rather
reticent in giving very much information as to their business, perhaps
more so than men in other lines of business. I think the experience from
this first questionnaire has been that the sheep feeders were much more
willing to tell what they were doing than the cattle feeders were, and
that we got a much larger percentage of replies from sheep feeders than
we did from cattle feeders. But we have not yet been able to build
up as large a list and as dependable a list of feeders in these various
states as we intend to develop as fast as we can get hold of the men
whom we can depend upon to furnish us with the information.
That is the problem. That is up to men such as you are to help us
out. Unless we can get information direct from the men who are en-
gaged in the business that will tell us what the situation is, why we are
not going to be able to give back to you as dependable information and
as much information as we would like to.
I might explain to you some of the reasons of the questions that are
contained in these questionnaires and the use that we make of them.
The first five questions relate to the individual's own farm. Number of
cattle on feed December 1, 1921 (last year), and the number of cattle on
feed December 1, 1922 (this year). Those two questions would enable
us, if we could get enough replies from individual feeders that would be
fairly representative of the industry, would throw considerable light as
to the comparative number of cattle on feed on that date last year and
on that date this year.
Then follow questions as to the weights of cattle going into the feed
lot divided into four classes: 1,000 pounds and up, 750 to 1,000 pounds,
750 pounds down, and feeder calves. The reason for those questions was
to find out what was the character of the cattle, and whether they were
heavier or lighter, and such information as that would throw light on
the probable time that the supply would move to market. And the next
question had to do with the time when — the months in which it was in-
tended to be ready for market, December, January, February, March,
April and May.
The next question asked the total number of grain finished cattle
marketed by you during the twelve months from December 1, 1921, to
December 1, 1922. The reason of that question was so that we might
know whether the feeders who were replying to these questions were
large feeders or small feeders, or what you might call medium sized feed-
ers. That is, if the great bulk of them were large feeders or the great
bulk of them were small feeders, it would be fairly evident whether they
were entirely representative of the feeding industry; and we also wanted
to know which class of feeders we could depend upon to get out best
replies.
The next question was the total number marketed during the last
twelve months; how many were raised on your farm, how many were
bought at the public stockyards, and how many were bought and shipped
direct from the range. We desired that information because we have
not any present source of information as to what is the proportional
part in the number of cattle that are fed for the market of those that
32
498 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
are locally raised and those that are shipped in. If we could get enough
replies from the feeders in this state on that one question it would throw
a great deal of light on the feeding situation here. If we knew that 50
per cent of the cattle that were fed were locally raised, or 40 per cent, or
30 per cent; or, on the other hand, that 50 per cent, or 60 per cent, or 70
per cent were bought at the markets or shipped in, and we know then
what are the actual numbers of cattle shipped in, and with that as a basis
we hope to be able to work out numerically the number of cattle that are
actually on feed. As you will notice in this estimate, it is all on a per-
centage basis. We have not undertaken to try to give the actual numbers
because at the present time we have not sufficient information to under-
take to do that.
Then following those questions as to the individual's own activities
are two questions which relate simply to the locality. First, how does
the number of cattle on feed in your locality, December 1, compare with
the number on December 1, last year? Let 100 per cent represent last
year. Second, how does the number of farmers feeding cattle this year
compare with the number who fed cattle last year? Of course those are
questions that are on a percentage basis, or estimates of the various
recorders which we would like to get as check-up questions along with
the other information that we are able to secure.
If we could send out in this state say five or six thousand question-
naires, over the state as a whole, which would be probably fifty or sixty
to a county, and could get back 20 or 25 per cent of replies proportion-
ately distributed as to counties as the questionnaires were sent out, I
think we would have a pretty fair sample of the feeding industry as it is
conducted in the state at the present time, and that is what we hope
to do, and that is what we want you men to help us to do. If the farm-
ers themselves are not willing to give us this kind of information, it is
going to be very difficult if not impossible for us to give you the kind of
information that you would like to have and we would like to be able to
give you.
So I would like to urge upon you men who are present to the extent
that you receive these questionnaires yourself and to the extent that you
can influence your neighbors, to do all you can to make it possible for
us to get back this percentage of replies. I know that there is a preju-
dice on the part of farmers and cattle feeders toward furnishing informa-
tion of this kind. I think that in the live stock work it will be met with
more than in the crop work. I know that there seems to be a feeling
on the part of a good many live stock men that information of this kind
won't be of any value to them, or if it will be valuable to them it will be
more valuable to the packing interests or some other interests who are
perhaps organized to take advantage of it while they are not. Person-
ally, I do not believe this. I believe that this information is of more
value to the farmers, stock growers and feeders than it is to any other
factor in the industry.
I think if you are going to improve your methods of marketing, if
you are going to put your feeding business on a sounder basis, that this
is the information that you have got to have, and I do not hesitate my-
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 499
self to urge upon every feeder to do everything he can to help us along
in this activity.
With regard to the report as to the number of sheep and lambs on
feed, I can say there is apparently 20 per cent more lambs on feed this
year than December 1 of last year; that there is apparently 10 per cent
increase in the corn belt and an increase of 25 per cent in the west,
the irrigated region, which includes Colorado, western Nebraska, Utah,
Nevada, Idaho and a few in Wyoming and Montana. This works it out
to about 120 per cent for the country as a whole.
Now it seems that from this estimate there is hovering over the mar-
ket a considerably larger supply of meat animals than were available at
this time last year, or would probabl} be available in the next six months
above what there were available in the same time last year. What is
going to be the effect of this apparent increased supply? I am going
rather out of my line when I undertake to express an opinion as to that.
I would, however, like to give you just a few figures that I have here,
which may be of some encouragement to you men who are engaged in
producing this extra supply of meat animals. '
Along with this apparent increase of cattle and sheep, as I think you
all know, there is an apparent increase, a considerable increase, in hog
production, and in the number of hogs that will be available for market
in the next eight or nine months. So that it seems that somewhere and
somehow we are going to have a very large supply of meat to go into
consumption during the next six months or the next nine months. What
are the chances that this can be taken and consumed and prices paid
for it that will be at all remunerative to the men who have been pro-
ducing it? I think the most favorable aspect in the situation is the enor-
mous consumption of meat that is taking place in this country at the
present time, and has taken place during the last six months.
I think if anybody would have known eight or nine months ago that
the supply of hogs and the supply of cattle going on the market were
going to be slaughtered and consumed in the months following — had
known of that supply — that they would have been almost certain that
the prices that were prevailing could not have been obtained for them.
More than that, the supplies of finished cattle and fat cattle at Chicago
during the past six months have been much larger than they have been
in the same period at least for the past four years, and instead of being
sold on a falling market have advanced almost continuously up till the
present time, which shows that there is an enormous consumption or de-
mand for a pretty good grade of beef in this country.
When we come to pork consumption, for the hog crop year ending
November 1 this year, the reports of the inspectors of slaughter show a
slaughter of 40,795,000, which has only been exceeded in numbers two
years in the history of the industry. That was the crop year of 1918-1919
and 1915-1916, when there were 43,600,000 in the former and 42,200,000 in
the latter. When it comes to pork production, the pork production this
year, because of the greatly increased weight of the hogs that were mar-
keted, has amounted to almost as much as the production in the year
when there were 43,600,000 hogs slaughtered, simply less than 40,000,000
pounds of pork than in that year. But whereas in 19184919, out of the
500 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
7,116,000,000 pounds of pork produced, 2,690,000,000 pounds were exported,
this year only about 1,500,000,000 pounds were exported, leaving a domes-
tic consumption of about 5,500,000,000 pounds of pork, which is by long
odds the largest domestic consumption of pork this country has ever seen.
It seems to me that if, with the industrial conditions that were pre-
vailing a year ago, and that prevailed pretty generally up into the spring,
we could consume that amount of pork and the amount of beef that has
also been produced during that time, that with the improved industrial
conditions that we have at the present time that there is a fair proba-
bility that we can consume the apparent excess supply at something like
the same prices that were paid for the supply last year. Now that is
simply my own opinion. I haven't any numercial basis for that opinion
except the condition of the two markets at the present time, and the way
that both beef and pork are going into consumption at the present time.
In order to make that possible, it seems to me that it is going to be-
up to the producers to exercise a little restraint in marketing both hogs
and cattle. We have got rather a peculiar situation at this time where
corn has gone up and cattle are coming down, and hogs at least are not
going up any, and the margin of profit in feeding corn is becoming nar-
rower and narrower all the time, so that the apparent incentive is going
to be, as soon as this margin tends to disappear, for everybody who has
cattle or hogs to sell to rush them onto the market. That, I think, will
be a rather disastrous policy for this coming winter. If these expressed
intentions of the cattle feeders as I gave them, their various percentages
that they expect to market during the next few months, could be carried
out, I think that that would be as good a distribution of the cattle that
are now on feed as could be carried out.
But if, instead of that, instead of having 14 per cent, or 13 or 12 per
cent, going to market in the next three months, you increase that 5 per
cent in each month, it looks to me as though it is going to hit the cattle
market and the beef market a pretty hard blow. Whether there is any
practical way that the cattle feeders can agree to carry out a program of
that kind, I am rather doubtful, but I simply wanted to indicate that if
that program is carried out, it is going to be better for the individual feed-
ers and for all feeders, than if you allow this pressure of the increased
price of corn to force these cattle and these hogs onto this winter market
in excessive numbers.
President Sykes: Mr. Horlacher wants to announce the com-
mittee on resolutions for the Shippers.
President Horlacher : As was suggested before lunch that we
appoint a committee to meet the Meat Producers' committee,
I appoint at this time C. G. Jensen, of Laurens; James Gordon,
of Dougherty, and A. J. Rawson, of Clear Lake.
President Sykes: We stand adjourned, each organization to
meet at 9 :30 in their respective places in the morning.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 501
THE BANQUET
Savery Hotel, Wednesday Evening, December 30, 1922
The President : Ladies and Gentlemen and Friends — We have
again met under these very pleasant surroundings to celebrate
our annual banquet gathering, and as president of the Corn Belt
Meat Producers' Association I want to express to you our most
hearty appreciation of your presence with us on this occasion,
both the ladies and the gentlemen — especially the ladies.
This, I think, to most of us is what we might term a happy oc-
casion, or sort of celebration or love feast. I well recall the first
one of these banquets we held over here in the old Savery ban-
quet room when the old Savery building was standing here ; and
Secretary Wallace and myself, as we discussed the proposition in
advance of the venture in regard to holding a banquet in connec-
tion with our annual meeting, were sort of skeptical as to whether
it was the thing to do or not. But after the first banquet we did
not have any more skepticism or doubts as to the success of it,
because every one seems to get better and with a larger interest
and more in attendance.
Aside from the splendid dinner that you have partaken of,
which we know you have all enjoyed, we hope that you will enjoy
the other feature of this banquet that will be served to you from
this on, and we know you will. Somehow we have been exceed-
ingly fortunate this year in being able to practically fill our
places and our program with speakers, with the exception of one
disappointment that we have had just since we met in this ban-
quet room. I announced to you during the session that our pro-
gram was full, that all of the speakers would be in attendance,
but unfortunately the railroads have tied up one of them and he
will not be able to be with us.
I sort of feel at home among you people. I almost feel out of
place — that is the truth of the matter — I have stood up before
you so often and so many times in the past, and you know when I
turn to my right and look on our honored guest tonight I really
can hardly realize that we have with us a member of the presi-
dent's cabinet, who used to sit here at the table with us as the
secretary of our organization.
It just seems to me somehow — and you will pardon me for
these remarks — that I ought to turn to him as the secretary of
the Corn Belt Meat Producers' Association and confer with him
as such instead of as Secretary of Agriculture of this great na-
502 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
tion. It just seems as though I can hardly realize the change that
has taken place in the brief space of time.
I am going to tell a little story on the Secretary. I had asso-
ciated with the Secretary for so long that really I thought he had
almost an infallible judgment in selecting men for any place;
that he knew men so well that he could not make a mistake.
But somehow, I confess, I got jolted along that line last summer
when I was down in Washington one time. Mr. Cunningham and
I happened to be down there on some business and of course we
wanted to see the Secretary. He pretended that he wanted to see
us, and I guess he did. So he invited us to his home one evening
and we had a nice visit and just about the time we were taking
our leave he said, ''Boys, wouldn't you like to take a ride over
the city tomorrow?" That was Sunday. I don't know, the Sec-
retary used to go to church out here on Cottage Grove when I
used to live in Des Moines. I don't know whether he does in
Washington or not. But he really asked us to take a drive over
the city of Washington that Sunday morning, and of course we
were glad to accept the invitation. He said, "I will send my car
around for you to the hotel and will pick you up in the morning
at about such and such a time."
So, sure enough, here came the Secretary's car and the chauf-
feur called us up and we came down, and the Secretary wasn't
there. Of course we inquired where the Secretary was and the
chauffeur said that he wanted to see us a few minutes over at his
office. So we proceeded to drive over to the office and were there
informed that he had an important matter to take up with one of
his bureau chiefs and that he was trying to get hold of him on the
phone ; it was a matter that he had to look after at once, and that
he would just turn us over to the chauffeur and he would give us
the drive, as he would have to wait there at the office. So he did
so. He told the chauffeur some of the points that he wanted him
to take us around to, and among other places was the old Sol-
diers' Home. Of course we were very much pleased.
By the way, the chauffeur was a colored gentleman, a splendid
fellow, too, a high class chap, and he could drive an automobile.
He drove us around and he pointed out the various places of in-
terest to us, and we came to the Old Soldiers' Home and he was
telling us of this and that, and in regard to what had happened
there and who was there, and all those things. And he drove
down a certain street or lane through a sort of a farm or pas-
ture, and there was a fine herd of dairy cows just off to our right.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 503
As we got just opposite those dairy cows the chauffeur stopped
the automobile and said, "Now, heah, gentlemen, heah is the
finest herd of Jersey cows in the United States." Well, the
fact was every one of those Jersey cows was just as spotted as
it could be.
Well, it was pretty difficult for Mr. Cunningham and me to
keep straight faces under those conditions, but we did manage to.
Well, I think the Secretary will have to post his chauffeur when
he goes out to show these Iowa farmers Jersey cows after this.
You cannot fool them that way. You cannot fool Iowa farmers
on a Jersey cow, if she is spotted.
Without taking more of your time I am going to introduce to
you our old secretary, Hon. H. C. Wallace, now Secretary of Agri-
culture.
ADDRESS OF HON. HENRY C. WALLACE
(SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE)
Ladies and Gentlemen, and Fellow Members of the Corn Belt Meat
Producers' Association (I hope you have not discharged me from being
a member yet) :
I haven't any special talk to make to you. I think I told you when I
was here last year that the very thought of trying to prepare an address
to the Corn Belt Meat Producers' Association was repugnant to me. I
never did try to prepare an address, and it seems just like preparing an
address for your own family. I feel I am still one of the members of this
association. When I look about here tonight and see men scattered here
and there through the room who were in at the very first meetings and
who have attended almost every meeting since, it makes me feel just
like getting back among my own people again. I know this past year has
been a hard one for you. I suppose at times you and a great many other
farmers in the United States have felt that the folks down at Washington
had rather forgotten all about you. Well, we have not.
I suppose I hear from more farmers than any other man in the United
States. From two thousand to as many as five thousand letters a day
come into that department. A great many of them are in the nature —
not a large percentage of that number, but quite a number of letters every
week are in the nature of personal letters that come to me from farmers
or from farmers' wives, farmers' daughters and farmers' sons, telling me
of their own peculiar troubles, personal troubles, and some of them are
heart breaking letters.
I remember one, for example. We loaned some two million dollars
last year and a million and half this year to the farmers in the north-
west, in Montana and Dakota, mostly, and in a number of those other
states where they had had failures of the wheat crop. That is almost
a single crop country. We made loans each year to between 12,000 and
14,000 individual farmers for the purpose of buying seed, and then in the
504 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
fall when the crop came on this year — they had a good crop out there this
year, and we sent out our men and set up our organization to collect
those loans; wherever a man had a crop so that he could afford to pay,
we asked him to pay, because it was a loan and not a gift. Where he
did not have a crop we extended it another year unless somebody else
was going to come in there and take his money, and in that case we
thought Uncle Sam ought to have it.
Well, the reports from some of those men were not pleasant reading.
For example, he wrote of one family that I remember particularly, where
the banker was pressing for the last cent, and he had a mortgage on
everything, including the one cow that he had left. And they took every-
thing, and then the banker went out to take that cow, sent two men out,
rather, to take that cow. And that farm woman got out the shotgun and,
with two children holding to her skirts, she served notice on them that if
they touched that cow they would not be able to get the cow very far,
and that they were more likely to stay there than the cow was to leave
the farm — and they went away and left the cow. You know, I don't
know any task I would more dislike to go up against than undertake to
take the last cow from a woman who had two children clinging to her
skirts and a shotgun in her hand. I would about as lief tackle a grizzly
bear as to go under conditions of that kind.
But you people here in Iowa have no appreciation, I think, of the
real downright hardship and poverty that has been experienced by some
of the people in the northwest and in the southwest, where their depend-
ence is one cash crop and where they, as in the northwest, have had a
series of three practically entire crop failure years.
You know when I wakened this morning and looked out on Iowa and
Iowa corn fields and saw the Iowa homes, I thought what a blessed thing
it is to live in a state where the rainfall comes, sometimes varying in
amount, but always enough to make a crop, and where social conditions
are so much better than in some of the country in the United States the
opportunities for the young, the contacts with good neighbors — I thought
what a blessed thing it is to live in a state of this sort.
I know you have had difficulties here. I know it very well. I know
that a great many people have had to quit. Possibly others will have to.
But when you look back and compare our conditions here now with con-
ditions a year ago or a year and a half ago, we have made tremendous
progress. Prices of Iowa farm products are not where they ought to be
in comparison with the things we have to buy in comparison with the
prices of other things, but Iowa has been blessed with big crops this
year and prices have advanced from 50 to almost 100 per cent in some
cases, and you can see the way out. And, as I say, you are infinitely
better off than in some of the country through the northwest and the
southwest where not only have prices not advanced as much because of
the higher freight rate they must pay, but where crops have been short
and where they are having real hardships to go through this year.
Now, I spoke to you, I think, last year about what we have been trying
to do in Washington in the way of legislation, and I am not sure but
most of the legislation that was passed was before that time. I think I
spoke of the revival of the War Finance Corporation, of the extension
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 505
of the increase in capital of the Farm Land banks, which made it pos-
sible for them to function more efficiently. At the present time the
Farm Land banks are lending about a million dollars a day on farm loans.
The law which recognizes the rights of farmers to organize for co-opera-
tive selling of their commodities and which protects them against prose-
cution at the hands of some over-zealous official has very greatly encour-
aged co-operative marketing organizations.
Last week there was a meeting in Washington, a really wonderful
meeting, composed of representatives from the various commodity mar-
keting organizations. I don't know when I have looked into the faces of
a more vigorous, intelligent and capable group of marketing men than I
did last week when I spoke to them for a few minutes. Out of that
meeting I understand is to come a national council of co-operative com-
modity organizations, and I think their plan is that they will have repre-
sentatives there in Washington to look after the interests of organizations
of that particular type.
Those commodity organizations, you understand, are a little different
from the organizations we have here in the middle west. They organize,
for example, the tobacco growers and cotton growers and peanut growers,
and all down the line of commodities, the raisin growers and prune grow-
ers, and so on, and the members bind themselves for five years to hand
over the control of that crop to the organization. It enables an organiza-
tion of that kind to deal with the economics of marketing as well as
the mechanics of it.
There is a good deal to be saved through co-operative marketing organ-
izations in the mere mechanics of the marketing. You people here have
been making very material savings for many years past, the people of
Iowa the co-operative elevator companies, the creameries and others,
and you people more lately in the live stock marketing associations. But
your savings have been the savings in the actual process of marketing.
Now your commodity organization goes farther than that. It is able to
exercise a considerable amount of control as to the time of marketing,
to stabilize the marketing, to feed the crop out as the demand for it ex-
ists, a fair price. That is what I mean by the economics of marketing.
And the savings in the mechanics of marketing as compared with the
benefits which come to us through, in a measure, price control, in the
economics of marketing, is very much greater in the latter than in the
former case.
Where you have a country of diversified farming such as we have
it is, very much more difficult to organize on that basis, but in so far as
that plan can be carried out in a thoroughly practical way I look for con-
siderable benefits to come wholly aside from the mere saving in the prac-
tical marketing operations.
The packer and stockyards law, which was enacted last year, and I
think which I spoke to you of last year, was finally declared constitutional
by the supreme court, and is now in full force. We have resident super-
visors at all of the principal live stock markets. At such markets as
Chicago, Kansas City, Omaha, St. Joseph, Sioux City, Indianauolis, Fort
Worth — all of those larger markets — we have a resident supervisor, a
representative of the Department of Agriculture, who has been selected
506 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
with care as to his previous qualifications and as to his fair-mindedness,
decision of character and tactfulness, a man to whom any of you can go
with any complaint which may arise in the process of marketing your
stock there and who will give it immediate attention if it is the sort of
complaint that can be handled on the spot. We have not said very much
about the results which have been accomplished by that organization,
but those of you who have come in contact with it know some of them.
We have been able to bring about a great many reforms in the live stock
markets. We have been able, I think, to show that the old practice of
boycotting the co-operative or the individual shipper has got to be stopped.
We had one round on that at St. Louis, and I think the matter
has been settled. Now and then there will be some friction come up, but
people have learned that the law does have teeth in it. At the time that
law was passed, I remember it was rather a common remark that the
amendments had taken the teeth out of the law. Well, I want to say to
you, as I have said many other times, that that law carries all the au-
thority that any one man ought to exercise, I do not care how fair-minded
he is or how able he may be. It carrier all the authority that any one
man ought to exercise over packers, stockyards companies and live stock
commission merchants, and as time goes on I think you will agree with
me that as the organization becomes more perfected, men become more
skilled in working in the discharge of their duties, I think you will agree
with me that that law will prove to be of tremendous benefit to the live
stock industry.
Someone asked me about the proposed packing merger under that
law and wanted me to say something about it. I can not say much about
that that has not been said. One packer proposes to buy out another.
There is nothing in the law that specifically prohibits or forbids one
packer from buying out another. The law does give authority to put a stop
to anything which is in the nature of a monopoly or which has a tendency
toward monopoly, or which unreasonably restricts competition. The law
does not contemplate giving approval in advance to any transaction of the
sort proposed. The law does give authority to make a most complete
inquiry into the effect of that transaction. What will be done about that
will depend altogether on how the matter is presented and when. Up to
the present time there has been no formal application, and therefore no
action has been called for. That is about all I can say about it.
We have conducted very considerable investigations as to the possible
effect. It is not an easy thing to determine what the effect will be.
Some may argue that that would result in increasing competition because
of the increased strength which comes from the bringing of two concerns
together and the economies which will result from that. Others argue
that it will restrict competition because it will take one set of buyers out
of the market. I suppose there are good arguments to be made on both
sides. It is one of the times when I would just as lief the law did not
have quite as much authority as it has, at least while I am there to
administer it.
One piece of legislation which has been very generally desired by
farmers for twenty years past or more is the matter of intermediate farm
credits. That matter is now being considered by the committees in the
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 507
senate. There are three measures proposed. One of them is to increase
the limit which the Federal Farm Land Bank may lend to any individual,
from $10,000 to $25,000. Evidently that will go through without much
difficulty. Everybody now — almost everybody — seems to be for it.
Another is the federal authorization of live stock loan companies,
calling for no money from the government, but a sort of live stock loan
company after the manner of some which have been carried on for many
years past, but this under federal authority. Evidently that will be
passed.
The third law calls for an addition to the Federal Farm Land Bank
system, appropriating $5,000,000 of government 'money as capital stock
for each of the district Federal Farm Land Banks, twelve of them in all,
and setting up in those banks the machinery for rediscounting farm pa-
per, taking it from the local banks, something after the manner in which
the War Finance Corporation has been doing its work, and the money,
in addition to the capital, which is to be used for discounting that farm
paper and making loans, to be raised through the sale of bonds, deben-
ture bonds, after the manner in which the Farm Land Bank system
raises its money for making a mortgage loan. I understand that the com-
mittee, which has been holding hearings on that question, will be ready
to report within a week or ten days, and the probability is that that will
be reported favorably. It also has the support, I think, of the vast ma-
jority in both the house and senate. It was one of the matters treated by
the president in his recent message to congress. It has his full sup-
port. It has the support of other members of the administration and
of not only the farm bloc group but the conservative group as well. So
I think it is reasonable to expect that within the next sixty days, or be-
fore congress adjourns, there will be legislation along the line of farm
credits that will adequately meet the needs of the farmers, whether in
the corn belt, in the southern states or in the range country of the west.
Just a word about what we have tried to do in the Department of
Agriculture. We have been giving especial attention during the past
year and a half to the economic side of the work of the Department,
strengthening that as rapidly as we could. Congress has been very good
to us. They gave us last year, for example, $70,000 increased funds for
the year, to be used almost altogether in strengthening our live stock
estimates. The live stock estimates of the Department have never been
entirely satisfactory, not the fault of the Department but because of lack
of money. We had only $20,000 to $25,000 for making the estimates on
the live stock of the United States, and it was impossible to get satis-
factory results. We are building up an organization now through which
we hope to be able to tell you with some assurance how many cattle,
how many hogs and how many sheep there are in the country, at least
twice a year. And we hope to be able, after a time, to go even farther
than that and keep a sort of balance sheet on feeding cattle, cattle thai
are being fed, so that you may have statistics that will be really depend-
able statistics and tlyit you can take as a pretty fair guide in your feed-
ing operations. It is going to take time to do that. It is no easy thing
to get the sort of live stock estimates that you yourself feel are reliable
estimates. This is a great big machine that has got to be built up.
508 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
It is a very different problem to get estimates in Iowa, for example,
and estimates in one of the western states, such as Colorado or Texas,
or any of those states in that great breeding ground, because there you
can not do it by mail so well as you can here. We are putting special
men out to cover these areas in the west, to get acquainted with condi-
tions, so that these men will make personal reports, and we are trying
to strengthen that work in every way so that you can depend upon our
live stock estimates.
The grain estimates have always, or for many years, have been looked
upon as very desirable. We hope to make the live stock estimates
equally reliable.
We are strengthening our marketing work. We have men overseas
trying to size up the possible future demand for agricultural products.
We have men in the south trying to size up the production in those coun-
tries which compete with us. In other words, we are trying to build up
a machine there that will give any of you exactly the sort of informa-
tion you would most like to have if you owned all of the farms of the
United States and were trying to put them on a profitable basis. That
is the angle from which we are approaching the end, trying to get and
present to you just the sort of information that any thoroughly compe-
tent, intelligent business man would want if he owned the whole business
and was trying to make money at it.
No one can forecast with any accuracy how long it will take to build
up a machine of that kind that functions 100 per cent. In fact, I do not
think we ever will get that sort of a machine to function 100 per cent.
But we are going to come a whole lot nearer to it than we ever have in
times past.
There has been one development of the past year that is very signifi-
cant to me. You know in times past, even before the war, beginning
back along in 1900, the business men of the cities were beginning to take
an increased interest in agricultural matters. We had the corn trains
and the dairy trains, and all sorts of movements coming out of the cities,
a sort of benevolent, paternalistic attitude to help the farmer produce
more. It was because prices of farm products were gradully increasing.
Well, business men today are very much more keenly interested in
agriculture and are very much more sympathetic toward the condition of
the farmers than they ever were in all the history of the country. This
time it is not because of any paternalistic attitude but it is because they
have come to realize through the experiences of the past two years the
truth of the saying that a prosperous business depends upon a prosperous
agriculture. You know in times past we have been in the habit of saying
that the farmer is the backbone of the nation, and that the farmer is the
foundation upon which our nation is built, and that we must have farm
prosperity if we are going to have business prosperity, things of that
sort. But we said them a good deal as many of us say our prayers, with-
out fully realizing what the words meant.
Now, bankers, railroad men, manufacturers, business men of all kinds,
appreciate fully the truth of the sentiment carried in expressions of that
sort. We had, for example, the business men of the northwest who are
tremendously concerned over that northwest situation come to us and
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 509
say: "We want to help here. Tell us what to do. We will stand behind
you in anything you want to do out there. Come out and size up that
situation. Show us where we can help. Everybody will get behind it."
That is true everywhere, true in the south, true all over the country.
There is a thoroughly sympathetic attitude on the part of big business of
all sorts toward agriculture, and it is a very hopeful thing. It is going to
result in bringing us together as a nation. It is going to put a stop to a
lot of this class prejudice which so often develops into class hatred. We
have come to see that if we are going to build a thoroughly well-rounded,
self-sustaining nation, it has to be by co-operation of the various large
groups in the nation instead of by quarreling between each other. And if
through this depression we have come through, and let me say to you that
business has suffered as well as agriculture; if through this terrible de-
pression, out of it comes that sort of spirit, that consideration for one
another, that sympathetic understanding of one another's troubles that
willingness to co-operate for the good of all, if that sort of spirit comes
out of it, it will not have been wholly bad — bad as it has been.
Mr. Thome suggested that I talk to you a little about some of the
things that happened in Washington. I think I did that last year some.
We are coming now to the New Year's, and perhaps you would be inter-
ested in how New Year's is celebrated in Washington, or observed.
That is the time when the president and his wife always hold a great
reception. I remember our experience last year, the first one for us.
At eleven o'clock the members of the cabinet and their wives go
down to the White House and pay their respects, or 11:30, to the presi-
dent and his wife, and at twelve o'clock the president and his wife take
a position in the Blue Room there, and the doors are opened and every-
body who wants to come and shake hands with the president and his
wife is free to come. They told us very kindly that after the first half
hour the members of the cabinet and our wives were free to go when we
pleased. We just stood around for a little while and watched the crowd.
We left about one o'clock. I took Mrs. Wallace home, and I went back
to the office and worked. I left the office at five o'clock, and when I
drove up past the White House, the crowd extended from the front door
of the White House two abreast, out through the White House grounds,
across in front of the State, War and Navy building, which is a long
block, and down the side of the State, War and Navy building for a dis-
tance of about two blocks. And that crowd had been going, with the ex-
ception of twenty minutes at noon, there had been that steady procession
from twelve o'clock noon until almost six o'clock that night. They
stopped people forming the line, I think, about five o'clock or a little be-
fore. They did not allow any others to get in line, but the president and
Mrs. Harding stood and shook hands with all of those who were in line
up to that time.
Now you can understand something of the physical strain on the
president and his wife to do that sort of thing, to stand there and shake
hands with that continuous string of people. You know they found one
rather interesting thing. They got to timing the number of people that
passed in a minute, and then they found that if they speeded up the
510 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
band, if they played a lively march, I think it was increased some 25
per cent. So they speeded up the band.
I remember a good many years ago of attending a reception when
Roosevelt was president. Mr. Ingham, whom I see in the audience, was
there at the same time. This was an evening reception and at that time
the president and his wife, and then the wives of the various cabinet
members, stood in line. That practice is not followed now — only the
president and his wife. Well, after shaking hands with the supreme
court and the admirals of the navy and the generals of the army and
some of the other dignitaries, Mrs. Roosevelt reached back and got a
great bouquet — oh, it was this big around (indicating). She held that
directly in front or her in both hands, and it was amusing to see the folks.
We were standing just opposite the line. When they came in they shook
hands with the president. Roosevelt shook hands with everybody and
gave them that Arm grip. Then they turned to Mrs. Roosevelt, who
smiled sweetly and held that big bouquet in front of her, and that so
rattled about half of them that they just stumbled away down the rest of
the line and out of the door.
Mrs. Harding, I think, shook hands with every one. Perhaps that is
one of the reasons why she had such a serious breakdown and we all
feared for her life for a long time. I am glad to say that she is very
much improved. I was down Thanksgiving Day. By the way, it was
on this matter of credits. We had a conference Thanksgiving afternoon
and finally agreed as to the credit measure at that time. I saw her then
for the first time since she had been sick, looking very well, still very
weak. It is evident that she is not going to be able to hold a New
Year's reception this year, or any other reception for some time, but she
is well on the road to improvement.
I had a rather interesting experience at a reception — last spring, I
think it was. I was standing around waiting for the time to go home,
when the French ambassador, a very interesting man, one of the most
interesting men of Washington, Jusserand — he was there when Roosevelt
was president. I remember a story they told me. Roosevelt was in the
habit of taking people out on long hikes, and they came back rather be-
draggled, some of them very much used up by it. Among others he took
one day was Jusserand, a man not as tall as I am, or not any taller, but a
wiry fellow, a fellow who could not be worn out very easily. They came
to the Potomac. Roosevelt began taking off his clothes to swim the
Potomac, whereupon Jusserand did the same thing. Just as they were
about to get in, Roosevelt noticed that Jusserand had on his gloves. He
said: "You are not going to swim with those on?" "Yes, I think I had
better. We may meet some ladies on the other side."
Well, this evening last spring, at one of these receptions, Jusserand
came over and said: "Mr. Secretary, I notice in the paper that some
sheep sold at one of your great markets for only 35 cents a head." I
said: "Yes, Mr. Ambassador, that is true." He said: "I go to the New
Willard and I pay 75 cents for one mutton chop. I think I shall buy
two sheep." "Well," I said, "I would like to see somebody try that, Mr.
Ambassador, and I think you could get away with it perhaps."
I don't know whether I told you I think the most interesting experi-
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 511
ence I ever had. Did I tell you about going down to the Battle of the
Wilderness last year? They had the Marines out on that great Wilder-
ness battleground, about fifty or sixty miles southwest of Washington,
and they repeated so far as they could some of the maneuvers of one
day's battle there. And the president and Mrs. Harding and Secretary
Denby and some others were going down to spend the day, going down
in the afternoon and spend the next day and see some of those maneu-
vers; and the president invited me to ride with him and Mrs. Harding
and Secretary Denby and spend the night down there in camp.
We drove down in the motor car. When we came to the confines of
the camp, there was the Marine Band, and we stopped, and there was
the flag on the staff — we stopped and the Marine Band played the national
anthem and we all stood at salute. Now to get to the headquarters of
the camp we had to drive around three sides of a section. We had to
drive down, across and up to get to the headquarters; and after the
national anthem had been played and the ceremonies there were fin-
ished, we drove down that line. It was the most impressive drive in all
my life. The entire distance of that three miles was lined with Marines,
I should judge about twenty feet apart, just silent figures standing there
at salute — not a word said. We drove rather slowly, but I think — I know
— I will never to my dying day forget the impression that made on me,
that silent row of figures on either side for that three-mile drive, the
majesty of the American people represented there in those men as a trib-
ute to the head of the nation.
It was a wonderful night and a wonderful day the next day. We
went down to the movies that night. They had movies in a natural
amphitheater where all the boys came, and they ran the thing. It was
an "at ease" hour. If they didn't like the movie, they said so, or if they
wanted to sing they said, "Stop the movies!" and they sang. They ran
the thing as they pleased. Just as we were about to disperse, a Catholic
chaplain said he would have mass there at 6:30 the next morning. I had
a curiosity to see mass in a soldiers' camp.
It was a chilly morning. We nearly froze in those tents they had
there. It was an awfully chilly morning, but I got up and went down at
6:30, and the only man there was the chaplain. I waited around a bit
and nobody appeared, and I saw up one side of the valley the campfires.
So I thought I would stroll up that way. This was about half a mile from
headquarters where I was. I strolled up that way and there the boys
were gathered around the fires and they were cooking breakfast, and I
stopped at one place and they asked me to eat breakfast, and I did — a
very good breakfast. I said: "I didn't see many of you down to mass."
"No," one of these boys said, "if the Padre had built a fire down there
such as we have here, we would have been there all right."
There are a lot of those interesting experiences there, and there is a
lot of hard work. I was saying to Mrs. Wallace the other day that when
the time came for us to come back I thought I would stay for two
weeks and put in that time in a sight-seeing bus seeing Washington, for
I have not seen much of it except back and forth from the house to the
office, and really one should just take that much time there to see the
512 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
tremendous number of interesting things that people, even those who go
for a short time, do not see.
On every side are places of tremendous historic interest. In almost
all of the public buildings are places where you can spend days with
profit. It is an interesting thing, an interesting life in a way. You meet
a great many interesting people from all over the world. But I want to
say to you that when the time comes to come back here among whom I
call real people, why I'll be mighty glad to come, and I am very sure Mrs.
Wallace will be, too. This little experience I have each year of coming
out and meeting with you and shaking hands with the men I have
worked with and fought with and at times have bled with in certain
battles that this association has carried on for so many years, this experi-
ence is really one of the bright spots in the year to me.
The President : Sixteen years ago in January of this coming
year, as vice-president of this organization I received a letter
from a young fellow in the eastern part of the state who had not
been out of college very long, asking me if I would like to meet
a young man that was a chum of his in Chicago some day and
go over some matters with him that he thought were of vital im-
portance to the state of Iowa and the Corn Belt Meat Producers'
Association at that time. At that time Mr. Ames was president
of the organization, but his time was taken up in Chicago as
manager and president of the old co-operative that we were then
operating, and I was sort of acting president of the association
here in the state.
Well, this letter was signed by J. M. Brockway, and I thought
the matter over and thought it would be a very good thing to go
in there and meet this young fellow that Brockway suggested.
I had met Brockway previous to this and was sort of favorably
impressed with him, and I thought we ought to meet this young
fellow and go over with Mr. Ames the matters that he had in
mind. By the way, he said, "I am going to ship some cattle
about such and such a time and 111 furnish this young fellow
a pass. He can go in with me on the stock train and it won't
cost the association very much." Well, of course those days we
did not have much money to squander and that sort of appealed
to me, so I wrote back to Jim and I said, "Bring him in. Let
me know and I'll meet you."
So Jim set the date he was going to ship his cattle and notified
me, and I went in and sure enough here at the office of the old
co-operative I ran onto Jim Brockway with a tall, slim, young
guy that Brockway had written me about. I came in and he
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 513
said, "Sykes, I want you to meet Mr. Thorne." Well, I looked
him over, I just thought he was well named.
Well, I wanted to know, along with Mr. Ames, what this young
fellow had in his noodle, and we soon found out. He said, "Your
freight rates out there in Iowa are in an awful shape. They are
away too high. They are away out of line" — that is, live stock
rates we were talking about — "they are clear out of line with the
live stock rates prevailing in other states surrounding the state
of Iowa for similar distance, for service rendered, and it seems to
me there ought to be something done to correct these abuses and
these inequalities." And we got so interested in the young man
that we stayed over night. Mr. Ames took us out home and we
went over the proposition quite thoroughly and we decided we
would call the board together and have this young man meet
with us.
So as soon as it could be arranged for, the board was called
together in Chicago and this young man told the board what he
had in his mind and showed them the inequalities of these intra-
state rates as compared with intrastate rates in other states on
live stock; and to make a long story short, the board authorized
Clifford Thorne to file a complaint with the Iowa railroad com-
mission at that time complaining against the inequalities in our
intrastate rates ; and out of that came our first victory.
Now, that has been almost sixteen years ago. This young
man has developed into quite a character, a man of national repu-
tation, I am glad to say, a man that even the railroad experts
take off their hats to as a rate expert, as a man that knows some-
thing about railroad rate problems; and as usual on this happy
occasion we have the pleasure of having with us Mr. Clifford
Thorne, who has done so much for us in the past, for the state
of Iowa, whom I take pleasure now in introducing to this audi-
ence.
ADDRESS BY CLIFFORD THORNE
Friends of the Corn Belt Association: It is a wonderfully thrilling
experience to meet these faces again, to receive the magnificent reception
that you tender when I come back to your annual functions. When I
meet you out in the lobby and downstairs, it seems that I am meeting
relatives, members of my family, to whom I am most devotedly attached.
Senator Cessna has fortunately given me a little poem and requested
me to read it which gives quite a vivid picture of one of those trips on a
stock train, and at this time I am going to read it. It is an original
document, penned by one of the members of your organization, Mr. J. A.
Pendry.
33
514 TWENTY- THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
THE SHIPPER
The shipper sat in an old caboose,
Smoking his pipe of clay;
The glass was gone from the window sash,
And the cushions were taken away.
An old oil lamp on the wall nearby
Refused to burn, for the thing was dry.
This farmer placed his hand to his head
As he thought of a by-gone day,
When shippers were treated as gentlemen
By trainmen along the way.
And a teardrop came to the old man's eye —
Then he went for a drink, and the tank was dry.
The coal was gone, the fire was low,
And the chills began to creep
Up the twisted spine of the cattleman,
And of course he could not sleep.
So he sat on a switch and wrote this rhyme,
While the trainmen waited for overtime.
I did so want this little talk tonight to be one of my best, for many
reasons that are going to be developed later. I worked and sweated
over there at the Grant Club today, pen and ink to help me, and I am
going to ask your kindness, your patience, your generosity tonight to
help me a little bit. There are going to be portions that, for fear of mis-
quotation, I shall read to you. I had intended to read all of it to you,
the first time I think that I have ever appeared before this organiza-
tion and ever requested indulgence of that character. I am not going to
do that but there are certain parts which I must read for reasons which
will appear.
My remarks may seem somewhat rambling and not connected. If I
had had a day or two more on this speech of mine tonight, I could have
made it in good order. There are going to be three general divisions.
First, I want to speak very briefly about eight different things of rather
large importance that have happened since I was with you last, two years
ago. Second, I want to speak about some things with which I am more
intimately connected. I shall talk in regard to those more at length.
And, third, am going to give you a conclusion that will be a conclusion
in more senses than one, a conclusion unique in and of itself.
In the past two years, 1921 and 1922, you have witnessed a very des-
perate struggle against tremendous odds on the part of American agri-
culture. You probably suffered more than during any other time in your
lives, not because prices were lower but because of a disproportion in the
prices, the price which you got for your products compared to the prices
which you had to pay for the things you purchased. It is when things get
out of a proper relationship that trouble comes. While you have suffered
and while at times many of you have faced possible financial ruin, if not
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 515
actual bankruptcy, please remember that you are not the only ones that
have suffered. But we must not forget that in 1921 there were several
hundred thousand railroad employes deprived of their daily means of
livelihood while you had most of the necessities of life. We must not
forget that there have been literally millions of people starving in Rus-
sia, in China, and other parts of the world, while you had most of the
necessities of life. Nevertheless, you have suffered as never before.
You have been passing through a crisis, and it is during such periods
as these when you should apply an acid test to things as they are and as
they have been, to see if better methods can be devised for the future.
During these past few years, you have had a hard struggle and things
have gone wrong constantly, yet a few things have been accomplished.
I want to list them once more — you have heard them before. Some of
these I have had no connection with; others I have been somewhat inti-
mately connected with. I will not deal in glittering generalities, but with
specific, concrete facts.
First, during that period you have provided for the first time for the
regulation and control by the federal government of the grain exchanges.
Some have said the decision of the supreme court took the teeth out of
that law. It did out of a large part of it, but don't forget that the Inter-
state Commerce act was interpreted by the supreme court of the United
States as giving absolutely no power to the Interstate Commerce Commis-
sion to fix rates until eighteen years had passed by. Their decisions
were largely advisory in character. Their investigations, however, and
their conclusions were of tremendous moment and significance to the
shippers and the railroads of the country, and laid the foundation for
subsequent legislation and regulation that has been of tremendous im-
port. Unsatisfactory as it finally is, I believe the enactment of the Cap-
per-Tincher law to have been just as epoch-making in importance in the
grain industry as was the enactment of the Interstate Commerce law in
the railroad industry. And I know that the grain industry has needed
some regulation.
We found, after somewhat extended investigation, that on the Chi-
cago Board of Trade they sell more than fifty times as much grain annu-
ally as comes to the market. We found in that little wheat pit, about
twenty feet in diameter, they sell three times as much wheat as is grown
in the entire world. We found that they sell over 18,000,000,000 bushels
of grain annually, which is never delivered. They never expect to de-
liver it. We found that that is literally the price-reflecting or price-deter-
mining agency of the grain industry of America. When an institution has
become so strong and so powerful as that, it is time for some sort of
regulation and control, because the power in a few hands is vast. As to
whether the transactions on the Board of Trade are gambling or not,
there is a lot of discussion. I am not going to indulge in that tonight.
Suffice it to say, I believe the facts that I have related, the accuracy of
which I have not heard questioned demonstrate and justify the enact-
ment of such legislation. Has it occurred to you that the passage of
that law has been during the administration of one of your former as-
sistants in this organization?
516 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Second, you have for the first time in the history of the United
States enacted packer legislation seeking to control and regulate cer-
tain activities of the packing industry — another epoch-making event m
American industry.
Third, you have helped in securing the first general reduction in
freight rates that has ever been made in the history of American railroad-
ing, a reduction aggregating $400,000,000 in amount.
Fourth, you helped to secure the reopening of the Pittsburgh plus
case before the Federal Trade Commission, that involves the whole struc-
ture of prices on steel, which is one of the basic commodities in our
industrial life.
Fifth, you have witnessed the organization of an agricultural bloc in
congress that has challenged the attention of the whole nation to the
problems and needs of agriculture such as never existed before.
Sixth, you have helped in obtaining funds for the gathering of news
concerning the agricultural industry in all parts of the world, such as
other forms of business have obtained in the past.
Seventh, you helped to defeat the sales tax.
Eighth, you are now crystallizing the great co-operative and credit
agencies which will aid the farmers in selling their products collectively
in a more sane and businesslike way.
This is a day of organization. That is the great lesson that you must
learn as a result of the experiences of the past few years. If it is right
for those men who sell your grain to unite and fix the prices they shall
charge for that service (and they have been sustained by the supreme
court of the United States, by the way), if it is right for those who sell
your live stock to do likewise in a certain degree, if it is right for the
great steel companies to unite in one large company handling 50 per cent
of the steel of the nation, if it is right for the railroads of America to
unite in one great institution representing 90 per cent of the railroad
mileage of the nation, then it is right for the farmers of America to
unite in a few powerful institutions which will safeguard their interests.
The farmers have been trying to speak collectively during the past
few years on several important questions. I am going to talk about one
somewhat more extensively than I have these few propositions that I
have just listed. On February 20, 1920 — almost three years ago — I had
the temerity to propose to this association a resolution condemning cer-
tain provisions in a railroad measure then being championed by a life-
long friend of mine, who at that time chanced to be the senior senator
from Iowa, a man of commanding position nationally and the chairman
of the senate committee on interstate commerce, probably the highest
position on commerce matters in the United States.
Tonight I shall propose that you adopt a resolution condemning in
equally positive and unqualified terms a position taken by the junior
senator from Iowa.
The declaration you made in 1920 was in no uncertain terms. Listen
to the closing paragraph concerning certain sections of the Cummins-
Esch law. It won't take but just a few moments. I have the resolution
here. I believe I will read more than the closing paragraph. I think this
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 517
is especially appropriate in view of the fact that it seems to me in a dim
recollection of the past that it has been repeated over this state that I
have favored the Cummins-Esch law.
"Whereas, Congress is contemplating legislation which will have the
effect of guaranteeing to the stockholders and bondholders of railroad
securities a six per cent net return upon their book value or upon the
cost of reproducing the railroads of the United States, which will entail
increased passenger and freight rates that will produce a net revenue of
more than $200,000,000 over and above the profits guaranteed during
the war — "
Remember that said there "would have the effect of guaranteeing,"
we did not say "guaranteeing them." On that subject, just a word.
What effect did it have? Was it helpless, meaning nothing, as some have
stated? A few months afterwards there was a case pending before the
Interstate Commerce Commission, involving the freight rates on live
stock, and the Interstate Commerce Commission used that law as the
controlling factor and declined to grant the reduction.
A few months after the enactment of this law, it was quoted in another
decision in which the commission granted the most tremendous ad-
vance in freight rates that has ever been made in this or any other
country since the steam engine was invented, and it was made at a time
when everybody else in this nation was being forced to reduce their
prices. Later, by the creation of a national sentiment, through this or-
ganization and other organization meeting from the Pacific to the Atlan-
tic, by the passage of resolutions, by the making of speeches, and then
by the trial of a case, we did succeed in persuading the commission to
ignore the law and to grant a reduction which was not challenged. Let
us proceed just a moment with these resolutions:
held directly responsible for the advanced rates which must follow; and
"And, Whereas, If this law is enacted, the present congress must be
this congress must further be held directly responsible for a further ad-
vance in wages which will be the inevitable sequel, and all the other
after-effects of such absurd legislation; and,
"Whereas, Congress should give as much consideration to the rights
of the farmers of the United States as they give to the railroad security
holders. There being a decrease in the wheat area under cultivation
which has been estimated at 23 per cent, and a decrease in the number
of brood sows because of the uncertainty in future after-the-war condi-
tions, all of which will cause a substantial decline in the breadstuffs and
meats of the nation which today and from time immemorial have been
about as essential to the welfare of America as locomotives and cars;
therefore, be it
"Resolved, That we ask our representatives in congress to immediately
enact legislation dividing the country into farm zones or districts, and
guaranteeing the farmers in the aggregate, in each zone or district for
the period of two years from the effective date of the legislation, a net
return of 5% per cent profit, plus one-half per cent for new fences and
barns; and that the said total of 6 per cent shall be above all taxes and
above all cost of labor and supplies, and that it shall be computed upon
518 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
the present cost of reproduction of the farms in said zones or districts
in their present condition. Further, be it
"Resolved, That as an incident to the foregoing guarantee that con-
gress shall also be requested to guarantee (1) that we won't have a
drouth this summer, (2) that our sows will bring forth of their kind
bountifully and plentifully, and (3) that our eggs will hatch, our hens
will cackle and our roosters will crow.
"Seriously, we condemn in the most unqualified terms the provisions
of the guarantee embraced in the legislation said to have been agreed
upon by the joint conference committee having under consideration the
pending railroad legislation. Such a rate of return is practically un-
known to the farming industry as this committee is proposing for railroad
security holders with the government guarantee back of it. There are
literally billions of dollars in this country on deposit in savings banks,
entrusted to insurance companies and invested in farms which yield a
much lower net profit on present values and do not have any government
guarantee back of them."
Gentlemen, in regard to that rate of return, just a word. It has been
said that by2 or 6 per cent is low. In Great Britain the parliament has
fixed as the basis of the after-the-war returns the average that existed in
1913 just prior to their entrance into the war which was 4.27 per cent,
and to that they have added 5 per cent on subsequent improvements.
You have adopted 5% to 6 per cent, and lately your commission has
adopted 5% per cent. That per cent of 4.27 was what Britain has fixed
as a return for their railroads as a basis of computing what is reasonable.
That may sound inadequate to some folks. You must divest your
mind of the consideration of single companies. You are considering the
average of all companies in an industry, the rich and the poor the great
and the small, and the failures and the successes. And you must also
remember that in most all business the bulk of them make failures. If
you adopt a standard in the railroad industry that will enable a weakling
to survive, you are treading close to a law that will compel the survival
of the unfit, reversing a basic principle in economics that exists in all
other lines of business activity.
As to whether that 5% per cent is adequate or not, do not answer this
by the consideration of any one industry. When a man tells you that
the railroad industry is only making about 4 per cent, or a little less, on
the value of the property, please don't forget that the tentative value
about which he is speaking is two billion dollars greater than the market
value of all railroad stocks and bonds outstanding in the hands of the
public. I said two billion dollars greater than the market value. I meant
two billion dollars greater than the par value. The market value is about
75 cents on the dollar on an average in the country as a whole.
In conclusion, you stated:
"We believe that such legislation is economically, socially and polit-
ically unsound. Those who father such legislation must be held respon-
sible for the results which will inevitably follow, in higher transportation
costs, in higher wages, and in the establishment of a dangerous prece-
dent. Such legislation should receive the condemnation of the farming
industry of the entire nation."
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 519
What is the precedent that is wrong? Suppose we concede that it is
not a guarantee. Shall you adopt a rule that compels a commission, if
it observes the law, to make rates sufficient to produce a fixed rate of
return regardless of changing commercial conditions affecting other in-
dustries? You can not fly in the face of the laws of commerce and so-
ciety that affect all the rest of us.
These resolutions were unanimously approved by the Corn Belt Meat
Producers' Association on that occasion. I believe that was the first
declaration by any men or body of men on that subject in the state of
Iowa. We did not stop there. We secured like action from a dozen
other groups. Months before that we wrote the resolution condemning
the law adopted at the National Shippers' Congress. Last January the
agricultural interests in national convention, in the National Agriculture
Conference, adopted resolutions of the same tenor. A friend of mine,
Mr. Fullbright of Texas, succeeded in getting the National Industrial
Traffic League, through their legislative committee to adopt a resolution
condemning the same law.
I believe that it takes time for sentiment to crystallize on a new
issue, but finally the time is ripe; and believe that favorable action will
b3 taken by congress in the near future. I believe the Corn Belt Meat
Producers' Association, which I am now addressing, deserves the credit
for taking the lead in. this movement which has finally spread throughout
the nation. No men, no body of men, to my knoweldge, in the home state
of the senior senator from Iowa took this stand before you led the way.
On that date you collectively made three prophecies and chanced your
judgment. Those three prophecies have come true. You stated that the
enactment of that law would be followed inevitably by a large and burden-
some advance in freight rates. That came in due season. On August 26
of the same year came the largest advance in the history of the country.
Second, you said this would also inspire and inevitably cause a heavy
advance in wages, and this came at about the same time when all the
rest of us had reduced our prices. Third, you said it would constitute a
dangerous precedent.
This same thought — a paternalistic guarantee — of getting the whole of
us to give something to a few of us, is rapidly permeating most of the
industries of the nation. Each group seems to feel its own colossal im-
portance to the rest of society and demands government help. Today,
the ocean shipping industry is making the same demand. A few months
ago, a large group of farmers were interested in the same thing. What
will be the outcome of it all? Can we lift ourselves by our own boot-
straps? Shall we all work for the government and get our livelihood
from the government? Shall we all become past-masters of the gentle
art of sucking the public teat? The doctrines of governmental paternal-
ism have been fostered by the railroads as by no other industry in this
nation.
Your three prophecies made in February, 1920, have been justified.
They have been found true. Tonight I am going to make a fourth proph-
ecy. It is that Section 15-a will be repealed in the near future.
Today there is another proposition being considered which has been
proposed by the junior senator from Iowa, to which I am equally opposed.
520 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
I wish this organization, which has led in the fight to repeal Section 15-a,
could see its way clear in the near future to lead in the fight to check
this other movement. It is now proposed that we shall repeal the entire
Cummins-Esch act. Have you ever paused to consider what that would
mean?
For more than a generation you have heard of the colossal frauds
committed in high finance by the issuance of watered stock and manipu-
lation of security issues. You well know the stories of the Chicago and
Alton, and the New Haven, and the Erie, the Wabash, and others. Fin-
ally, after many years of constant struggle in public and private, you
have forced on the statute books the first provisions attempting to give
adequate authority to the federal government to prevent the issuance of
fictitious capitalization. The first time that law was written on the
federal statute books was in the Cummins-Esch act. Now are you going
to repeal a law which you have fought for during the past twenty years?
It seems to me that you would be playing into the hands of the other
fellow.
If there is a man of that frame of mind in this room, that wants that
law repealed, giving to the federal government for he first time in the
history of railroading, control over the issuance of railroad securities, I
wish you would please hold up your hand. Not very unanimous.
Second, an important part of this law relates to the interstate dis-
tribution of freight cars during a period of car shortage, and for the first
time in our history we secured in the Cummins-Esch act a law with teeth
in it providing governmental control over the interstate distribution of
cars during a period of car shortage. Of course, the commission can not
manufacture cars when you need them. They must first be secured in
another manner. But when cars are scarce, do you know how easy it
is for a railroad to favor certain cities or certain industries or firms with
great wealth and influence, how easy it is to favor the large institution
which can swing traffic from one railroad over to another — a power that
the small shipper can not exercise?
Finally, you have written on the statute books for the first time a
law giving to the federal government the control over the intersate dis-
tribution of cars during a period of car shortage. I ask again, is there a
solitary man in this room that wants that repealed? Won't you please
stand up (No response.) Not very unanimous.
You have heard the old story of jumping from the frying pan into
the fire. I think the folks advocating the repeal of the entire law are
trying to get you and me to perform that particular act. If Section 15-a
is repealed, there are many railroad men who will agree with you and
say, "Yes, let's repeal the whole law." As I said before, that is simply
playing into their hands. It would be a colossal blunder of the first mag-
nitude. I say this group of practical farmers from all over the state of
Iowa should take the intitiative in putting a quietus on that movement,
and this is the time to do it. Let your declarations be so strong and clear
and unequivocal and powerful that they shall be heard clear over there
at the national capital.
Section 15-a must be repealed. The powers of the states must be re-
stored as they existed immediately prior to the war. Other amendments
PROCEEDINGS CORN BEET MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 521
will have to be made as the needs shall be demonstrated, but the entire
law must not be repealed. Let's don't use a shotgun or a blunderbu.3,
let's use a modern rifle. We are after big game.
There has grown up in my life a sort of a habit, a kind of a custom
for me to come here with this group of people from the homes and
farms scattered over the state of Iowa, annually. I have come out here in
order to review the work of the preceding year as counsel for the Corn
Belt Association, to take stock of the situation, and to lay plans for the
future. We have come together for this purpose practically every year for
the past fifteen years except while I was a member of the state railroad
commission. This enables you to make an appraisal of the work of the
year, to consider whether it was worth while, and whether the positions
taken by your representative met with your approval. It enabled me to
come in personal contact with you collectively, to learn your viewpoint,
your conditions, and to receive your orders.
Tonight I shall make my last report as attorney for the Corn Belt
Meat Producers. I am no longer your attorney. I resigned that position
last April, in a letter to Mr. Sykes at the same time when I resigned as
counsel for five other organizations. Consequently, I have only a part
of a year to report on. However, in the future, I may occasionally make
comment on things as they pass by. Tonight I am a free lance and as
such I intend to remain the rest of my life. On occasions I may speak
my mind, and I purpose to do so whenever occasion may justify.
Last March I participated as your counsel in an oral argument be-
fore the Interstate Commerce Commission, in a case involving the first
general reduction of freight rates throughout the United States in the his-
tory of American railroads. As an offset to the elaborate showing of the
railroads covering several thousands of pages of exhibits, the only analy-
sis of the financial condition of the railroads as a whole which was pre-
sented in this case by any group of shippers was the one which was
financed by this organization in conjunction with three other associations
of shippers. I tried very hard to get some help from various organiza-
tions. A man is so helpless in these great rate cases with a regular army
of statisticians, accountants, financial experts, bankers and lawyers on
the other side of the table, concentrating under magnificent leadership
all their efforts on the great, basic, underlying issues of the case involv-
ing the adequacy of railroad revenues as a whole; and the shippers are
split up into innumerable factions and groups, every little organization
obsessed with its own needs and giving no attention to the great issue
affecting everybody. What is everybody's business is nobody's business.
The firm of Roberts, Woods & Pettijohn donated the services of Fred
W. Pettijohn, who had been chief cost accountant of the United States
Railroad Administration during the war. They donated Mr. Pettijohn's
services to us free of charge. They even paid his expenses to Washing-
ton and his hotel bill while he was there.
This case resulted in an order reducing rates $300,000,000 dollars an-
nually in addition to a reduction of $100,000,000 conceded by the railroads
on agricultural products on the first day of the trial.
The second important proceeding of national consequence during the
year related to the convention of our railroads. I wonder how many of
522 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
you folks in this room realize that today there is finally drawing to a
close an investigation which will lay the foundation for freight and pas-
senger rates for this and future generations to pay. What part have you
taken in that proceeding? The final arguments on basic issues occurred
within the past two months. In that hearing there was not one shippers'
organization of any kind or character represented.
Mr. Hale Holden a few months ago told me of his relations to that
investigation. Mr. Holden eight years ago took the initiative in arousing
the railroads to the necessity for coordinated action. He had no part in
the work after it was finally outlined. He said that it was with great
difficulty that he persuaded the railroads to take part. They said, "What
is the use? The commission has the funds. Let them spend the money.
They are as honest as you and I." Of course the reply, the only all-
sufficient one, was, "The courts are also honest, but when you have a
case in court involving only $10,000, we will say, you fight it from start
to finish. You present your side of the case."
As a result, the railroads of the United States organized a group of
expert accountants, lawyers, clerks and engineers, totaling several hun-
dred. During the past eight years, they have spent $63,000,000 in this
work. The Interstate Commerce Commission has spent $23,000,000. And
finally it now looks as though the leading counsel for the railroads in that
work is going to sit on the supreme bench of the United States.
In striking contrast to Mr. Holden's success, I want you to listen to
mine. Eight years ago, I urged upon the National Association of Rail-
way Commissioners that the public must organize for this proceeding.
"You are laying the basis for freight and passenger rates for generatons
to come. In the future, the foundation for that will be this valuation, plus
additions as they shall be made from time to time. This is the most
colossal case ever tried in history. The railroads will be organized. The
commission is the judge. Is it right that one side shall be presented most
thoroughly and efficiently and the other side stay at home twirling their
thumbs?"
As a result, the National Association of Railway Commissioners em-
ployed one lawyer and one stenogapher to fight that battle from the pub-
lic side; and then they placed upon that lawyer all of the additional func-
tions of a local representative in Washington, D. C, and nine-tenths of the
bulletins issued by that lawyer are concerning other subjects than the
valuation matter. I want to say, however, that Mr. Benton is a man of
splendid ability and magnificent character, doing a fine piece of work.
I want to say before leaving this subject that in making these com-
ments I do not for one instant attack the honesty, the fair-mindedness
of the railroads. I simply say they are doing what decent business men
ought to do. They have organized to present their side, and you are a
bunch of blamed fools because you have not done likewise.
The valuation proposition is simply typical of so many other matters
pending. In hearings relative to the grain exchanges, I was told that in
no previous hearing before a congressional committee were any specific
facts given except of the most incidental and haphazard character; that
the representatives of the farm interests came and doled out a lot of
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 523
sweeping, high-sound generalizations and phrases and then looked for
results.
At the present moment there is maintained in Washington, D. C, by
the American Railway Association, what is called the National Bureau of
Railway Economics, covering most of a floor of one of the business blocks
of that city, working in season and out of season, week after week and
month after month — for what purpose? Gathering together the data,
amassing the information, so that when it is needed in one of these great
cases they are ready to deliver the goods. You haven't one farm organ-
ization in America that is attempting to do that on your side of the rail-
road question. I include the Corn Belt Association and the American
Farm Bureau Federation and all the rest.
A few months ago there was a trial involving a 10 per cent advance
in express rates. Where were you? A lot of you folks are express ship-
pers. Where were you? I say, none of you were represented. The ex-
press companies were there, most elaborately prepared.
There are a whole lot of our individual cases that I could discuss that
have been handled. I am not going to do that as I have done in the past.
This is not the occasion for that. There are a number of farm organiza-
tions doing splendid work as to individual cases affecting rates on one
commodity in one section of the country and on another commodity in
another section, but on these great big questions affecting the whole
people you are generally asleep when the contest comes, so far as ade-
quate preparation is concerned. You have lacked the funds, and you
have got to make up your minds that you must spend them, and then
you have got to follow it up and see that these funds are expended so
that your representatives do not have to rush in at the last moment
against these tremendous odds and try to fight your battles successfully.
I am not seeking a job. I will not accept it if you offer it to me. It
is the most important message I have got to give you as a result of the
past fifteen years' connection with you. Prepare to show your side or
suffer the consequences and don't whine about it.
And now, folks, in conclusion, if you will bear with me just a few
moments longer. This has been a tempestuous year. Last March, in the
closing argument in the general rate reduction case, Mr. Thorn, chief
spokesman for all the railroads in the United States, made a bitter per-
sonal attack on your attorney. No such personal attack has ever before
been made to my knowledge on any lawyer on either side of any of these
cases during the past fifteen years. He described me as an unsafe,
unreliable guide, not entitled to the confidence of the commission. He
was general counsel there for all the railroads — chief counsel for all of
the railroads in the nation.
Sixty days later I was described by a spokesman for certain farmer
and laboring interests of Iowa as a Wall street crook and a railroad tool.
This charge in one form or another was published over and over again,
not among the editorials very much, but in the news columns of many
of the largest dailies in the state. The claim was stated and repeated
over and over again in numerous dailies and farm journals that I had
endorsed the Cummins-Esch act, which had been responsible for the in-
crease in freight rates, and that I favored the ship subsidy bill.
524 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Receiving these odoriferous bouquets from both camps made life quite
exciting.
After the attack from my friend, Mr. Thorn, my first impulse was to
reply in a bitter, vitriolic, sarcastic vein. The letter was prepared to
send, but on reflection I decided the wiser course was to ignore person-
alities and to discuss the real issues at stake. And we won the case,
the biggest victory that we have ever had.
After the attack from my friend Brookhart, my first impulse again
was to drag him through the mud and lambast him, brand him as a fool
and a liar, but I refrained from so doing.
Tonight I desire to state that I believe Senator Brookhart is perform-
ing a service of value to the people of the state and nation. Of course,
the statements he made concerning your speaker of tonight were not
true, and I hope to live to see the day when he will recognize that fact.
In the meantime, however, whether he does this or not, I shall not hesi-
tate to give him any assistance I can on any matter where he desires it
and where I believe that he is right; and wherever I believe he is wrong
I shall not hesitate to so declare. If I did not take this stand, I would
not be entitled to your confidence or to his, and I could not command my
own self-respect. These great issues of public policy are vastly more im-
portant than my success or failure, than the success or failure of this
man or that one.
In closing, I want to read once more, and for the last time, some
words from Kipling which I read to you many years ago, and which seem
very appropriate upon this occasion of my last appearance with you as
your counsel:
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting, too;
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or being lied about, don't deal in lies;
Or being hated, don't give away to hating,
And yet don't look too good, nor talk too wise;
If you can dream — and not make dreams your master;
If you can think — and not make thoughts your aim,
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster,
And treat those two impostors just the same;
If you can bear to hear the truth you've spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools:
Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,
And stoop and build 'em up with worn-out tools;
If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings,
And never breathe a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 525
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: "Hold on!"
If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with kings — nor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but none too much;
If you can fill* the unforgiving minute,
With sixty seconds' worth of distance run,
Yours is the earth and everything that's in it,
And — which is more — you'll be a Man, my son!
The President: We have been disappointed this evening in
not having with us our third speaker on the program, Mr. Cun-
ningham, secretary of the Iowa Farm Bureau. He has been un-
able to be with us on account of the delay of the train on which
he was coming to the city. But we' are fortunate in having with
us tonight a man whose illustrious father many of us older men
used to love to listen to in the days gone by, and at this time I am
going to ask to speak to you for about ten minutes, in lieu of Mr.
Cunningham, the Hon. J. B. Weaver of this city.
ADDRESS BY HON. JAMES B. WEAVER
Mr. Chairman, Mr. Secretary, Ladies and Gentlemen: I have enjoyed
myself enormously here tonight listening to the account of your distin-
guished secetary, of his labors in the great capital of the nation for the
great cause which you represent. You know Harry Wallace — I call him
Harry, just as in the old days — Harry Wallace is living proof of Doctor
Johnson's famous saying: "Much may be made of a Scotchman if caught
young." Ah, how could it be otherwise, ladies and gentlemen? For do
we not all of us remember that great upstanding character in the life of
the nation and of the state, with his feet firmly on the ground, straight
and strong, and his head up, thinking of good plans for his brother men,
that tall form in the Mariposa Grove, that Sequoia Gigantea — dear old
"Uncle Henry" Wallace?
You know they say that the Scotch are our closest relatives. While
that may be true of the rest, I want to say that in this great Scotch fam-
ily from the father and the mother on down — I merely state plain facts,
for I knew them all intimately and do know them — they are giving of
their lives and their energy, of their brains, of their hearts and of their
money, to the making in this America a sweet and beautiful thing, which
is the ideal in their hearts — from "Uncle Henry" on down to the youngest
members of the family that I am acquainted with here in Des Moines.
Now, Mr. Thorne notices what they say about him — those railroad
counsel. We know how superbly for fifteen years he has carried the
526 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
great burden of meeting the most skilled minds in these great problems
of transportation as your counsel. Now in addition to all his other honors
he is going to carry a military title. He is going to be known hereafter
as "the hero of five forks," just as General Butler was in the war days
the hero of Five Forks.
Harry — the idea that I should be speaking of a member of the presi-
dent's cabinet by that familiar term "Harry," but I started that way and
I am going to continue. He told of that row of three miles of American
Marines, how the majesty of the nation spoke in those youth in their uni-
forms standing at salute. Oh, yes, it spoke, and those Marines in your
heart and mine carry an imperishable memory because it was on the
morn when Foch threw like a thunderbolt straight into the brazen face
of the enemy the Marines, the American Marines, and started the defeat
and started the backward march which brought us the victory in the
great war.
Now, I want to say to you men frankly that I congratulate you upon
the best Christmas in several years. Ah, you say, "No." Are you think-
ing of the high prices of those war days when all the world was clutching
at each other's throats? No, no. By organization, by effort, by think-
ing, by making yourself felt in the life of the nation, we are coming up.
Prices are better. Normal conditions are being resumed, and there is a
national consciousness today on subjects of agriculture such as there has
never been in this nation before. So this is a good Christmas, a happy
Christmas, and a promising and good new year.
Mr. Thome spoke of Pittsburgh plus. Over here in the general as-
sembly, if I may say a word personal — when I went into the thirty-seventh
and served in the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth, when I went in it was
because I was born in this state, came from pioneer parents who came in
as early as 1842, lived through as a part of that great home-loving and
home-seeking movement which peopled this wonderful valley of the
Mississippi, and the land, the soil, "the good, gigantic smell of the brown
old earth," as Browning puts it, has ever been close to my heart, and
over there in the thirty-ninth, the last session, I supported every measure
of your Farm Bureau. "Well, Weaver, he is from the city. He comes
from Des Moines. What is he doing that for?" Doing it because I know
and I have known always what once was accepted as a platitude, but
what, as the secretary has said, now is really in the consciousness of the
nation: that it is so fundamental that agriculture should be prosperous
if we want to have a prosperous national life here at all.
And Pittsburgh plus — I was going to speak of that — in the thirty-ninth
I had the honor to offer the resolution condemning Pittsburgh plus and
demanding that the Federal Trade Commission, in behalf of the state
of Iowa, should do away with that practice which charges you for all the
steel products which you buy, not only the freight from Gary, perhaps,
where they are manufactured, but the freight from Pittsburgh to Ga;y
as well as from Gary to Des Moines; and we passed it through the gen-
eral assembly, and the Federal Trade Commission is busy on the job.
Not only so — I would not make a special plea here tonight, but I am
also interested in another great thing for agriculture in Iowa, and I of-
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 527
fered the resolution and put it through the general assembly last session
on that subject, namely, the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence waterway. That
will bring to the cities freighters capable of taking your products, your
live stock products and your grain products, taking them abroad without
transference to some other vehicle of transportation. That will come.
(Applause.) Only I don't know when. Yes, because you know in these
times when great sums are spent upon military achievement, it will cost,
for instance, only $250,000,000 and will generate as a side issue electric
power of nearly 2,000,000 horse power, electrifying a great section of the
railroads of the country, releasing an enormous demand for coal in this
country and giving us a chance to have motive power that must be run
other than by electricity in the great central-west, costing you two or
three cents — say two cents — to take your wheat from Duluth to Buffalo,
and six or seven or eight cents from Buffalo on the remainnig 300 miles.
Gentlemen, I am not going to make you a speech. It is late. But let
me say this: The great principle in our modern industrial and commer-
cial life is thorough investigation and thorough organization, and the idea
that the agriculture of the nation need not follow that principle, can
neglect it, when all the rest of the world is busy thinking of their share
in organization, is a perfectly absured proposition. But now, thank God,
through the efforts largely of your secretary, and men like him and Mr.
Thorne, we are going to have a study and thorough preparation on the
questions of marketing, of financing, of the regulation of the grain ex-
changes, of the regulation of the live stock exchanges, and we are going
to concentrate the very best brains — that is what we are doing, concen-
trating the best brains and the economic forces of the nation upon the
problems, your problems and the problems which are also through you,
the problems of the nation.
Now I will say another word. Just a word. I am not one of those
who sees the old world destroyed. There is a grave question whether or
not through the things in Russia, perhaps the breakdown of Germany,
the situation around Smyrna, through the Dardanelles, Europe may not
economically break down. I am one of those who believe that the foreign
market is a matter of grave importance to the American farmer. I am
one of those who feel this, that if we could pacify Europe and put her to
work, the demand for food for mouths who have only been a quarter fed
would be such that the American farmer would see a prosperity such as
we have not seen in years. That leaves entirely out the moral question.
On the moral question, I believe it is America's duty to co-operate
around the council table of the nations, to the end that starvation and
desolation and anarchy and Bolshevism and economic destruction shall
disappear in Europe. We will start the old world again in her old groove
of peaceful effort. (Applause.)
I congratulate this association upon being the skirmishers, as Mr.
Thorne has told you, skirmishers having prescience of the great problems
that are now up for agriculture — out on the first fighting line. Now you
see things beginning to come your way under the leadership of a Secre-
tary of Agriculture. Why, when I think of him being there at these parti-
cular times I am reminded of what Queen Esther said to Mordecai.
Mordecai wanted Queen Esther to interfere, to appeal to King
528 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Ahasuerus, you remember, and she didn't want to do it. She said: "That
is political. That is not the woman's place." And Mordecai said unto
her: "Who knoweth but that thou art come into the kingdom for such
a time as this?"
That is what I feel of this secretary — steady, careful, keeping within,
as we must keep within, for the protection of you farmers as well as the
rest of the nation — the constitution. But under the folds of the flag, with-
in constitutional limits, there may be achieved very great reform in the
protection of agriculture and its development, which is necessary to give
you the prosperity which your hard work certainly gives you the right to
have. It is a great day in which you meet in the midst of the work. It
will go on. Mr. Thorne says: "I am no longer your counsel." He could
not keep out of this fight, no more than he can fly. (Applause.)
I want to make one statement here that may not be popular with
some of you, and that is this: If the republican party, to which I belong,
had three years ago given its concentrated best thought and talent and
passion — of course there is a great difference between being for a thing
academically and being for it with a passion — if that had been done, today
we would have a united party in the nation such as we have not today.
Take that home and think about it. That is the way I feel about it. It is
doing it now, and we are all past that time on the market when corn
dropped from $1.60 to 25 cents and oats from 75 and 80 down to 20 and
18 — new oats in the fall of 1921. I know what the situation was, when
your purchasing power stopped as if an automobile had run up against a
great building — stopped dead. When that stopped it opened their eyes.
Now with better prices I see the papers are saying that trade is get-
ting better, and they will carry in their hearts a consciousness of your
importance, the importance of agriculture, such as they never had before.
I congratulate you upon your service, congratulate your counsel upon his
distinguished service, and your secretary upon his leadership in the great-
est movement, namely, that of the producing of the food and clothing for
a nation of 110,000,000 people. I thank you.
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1922
Morning Session — 10:05 A. M.
President Sykes : We will now consider ourselves in session
and come to order, gentlemen. The first number, as you will
notice, on our program, is Hon. L. V. Carter, of Hardin county,
New Providence or Lawn Hill. Mr. Carter is a farmer and
feeder. I can vouch for that, for I was out to his place this fall.
And he is also the state representative of Hardin county. We
are fortunate to have him with us this morning. He is going to
talk to you this morning on some cattle feeding problems from
the standpoint of the farmer and feeder. So at this time I take
pleasure in introducing Hon. L. V. Carter, of Hardin county.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 529
ADDRESS OF HON. L. V. CARTER
I think the program schedules my subject as "By-Products of Cattle
Feeding," and I wrote the secretary of this association that that would
certainly give any man leeway enough to say anything he wanted to and
still keep within the bounds of his subject, whether it was appropriate
and worthy of our discussion or not. So I may digress a little from the
mere story of the feed lot and feeder part of the time, with your indul-
gence.
There is very much that I had thought of saying, or that I had thought
might be said and covered by this subject, along the lines of experience
in feeding other things than corn — mill feeds. I think most of us per-
haps have had considerable experience with the mill feeds, but in recent
years, with money scarcer and clover and alfalfa more plentiful and corn
cheaper, we are sticking more to our own feeds. However, I have no
thought at present of discussing that subject, particularly along that line.
I have jotted down a few of the things I wish to call your attention to,
for fear that some of them might slip my mind. I might say that I was
born and grew to manhood in a community where there were many cattle
feeders — men who fed from just a few head, a part of a load, to six or
eight or ten loads a year — a community in which there were many small
cattle feeders rather than a few large cattle feeders. And our community
has continued to be more of that nature. We have never had a man that
fed many hundred head in a year, as some of you do and some of your
neighbors do. Our feeders have mostly been men that have fed from
a load or two to perhaps a hundred head, and maybe once in a while a
man that feeds a couple of hundred head during the year.
I feed cattle partially because I grew up in a feeding environment, I
suppose. My father, along with his neighbors, fed a few cattle practically
every year. Since I have been farming for myself I have fed cattle every
year. But if anyone is listening to this paper or talk with the thought
that I have found some sure way to success, they will certainly be dis-
appointed. If they expect some remarkable story to quick and sure re-
turns and no losses, they are in line for a real disappointment.
I am one who has attempted to pay for his farm by feeding cattle and
hogs. With me live stock feeding is a business. My farm is my business
and not my playground. In the main, I am one who is convinced that it
pays better to feed our corn than it does to sell it; and I mean by that
that the average price per bushel through the steer and the hog is more
than the average price per bushel at the elevator, over a long period of
years.
But this only leads me to my subject, "The By-Products of Cattle Feed-
ing." This is a day, you know, when many of the so-called big business
enterprises rely almost wholly on the sale of their by-products for their
net income, their net profits; and after all, with these concerns, the by-
product may become the major enterprise, and in cattle feeding it may be
something the same. However, I am not one who is advocating or who
is content to feed steers for the profit from the by-products. Unless live
stock feeding will pay more per bushel and per ton for the feed that they
consume, I am not content to feed, although I will confess that with the
34
530 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
experience of some other people, whether they are here or not, I did not
get market price for my corn and hay.
I own and operate a farm that has been a so-called good stock farm
for a generation or two. I might say that my experience in farming and
cattle feeding has been on two different farms. My brother and I farmed
together for seven or eight years on one farm and were pleased to see
the fertility of the soil increase and the yield increase. Then I purchased
another farm and sold my interest to my brother, and in a way started
over again, started with a soil that was somewhat depleted, although, as
I say, the farm had been considered a so-called good stock farm for many
years. And, as I said, during the eight or ten years that I have been on
the farm that I now own and operate, it has been my greatest delight to
watch the yields increase year by year. I am certain that during the last
four years there has been twice as much corn and clover produced on this
farm, as I was able to produce the first four years I operated it. Of
course, there have been recently a series of good seasons, but largely the
vast amount of manure that has been returned to the land has been
responsible for the increased yields.
I don't know what the experience of most of you has been, but in our
community on the farms that have been devoted to live stock, to feeding,
there is a noticeable increase, a decided noticeable increase in the yield
of corn over what it was some fifteen or twenty years ago. Sixty and
eighty and even a hundred bushels of corn is no more uncommon on our
best farms than fifty and sixty bushels was when I was a lad. I remem-
ber very well that if a man claimed that he had seventy-five or eighty
bushels of corn per acre twenty or twenty-five years ago, we were skep-
tical; we scarcely believed him. That is true in our community. I am
not saying whether it was in yours. But eighty and ninety bushels and
one hundred bushels is not uncommon, and you know why.
We perhaps will never find an animal that so economically turns
corn into meat as the hog. The sheep is the scavenger of all time. But
to market the clover that should be raised and the silage and fodder that
must be saved on these Iowa farms there is but one answer, and that is
cattle. Dairying is sure, slow and sure, and the pure-bred breeder is es-
sential; but the vast amount of our clover and silage on these Iowa farms,
a very vast amount must naturally be marketed through the fattening
steer. It is a business fraught with hazard. It may be somewhat a
speculation. But this increase in the fertility of these Iowa farms is a
profit that we have not always accorded to the feed lot.
Iowa soil was deep and rich originally, but as our state grows older
we will finally come to the parting of the ways, although this may seem
so remote that you wonder whether it is worthy of consideration. But I
believe that the time to talk conservation, whether it is conservation of
soil, conservation of the forests or conservation of any natural resources,
is while we have something to conserve rather than to let it all slip away
and then begin to talk conservation. So I believe conservation of the soil
is a worth-while subject.
Our land will gradually, in generations to come, produce less and less,
and I can imagine — whether you will go that far with me or not — I can
imagine that under certain conditions these broad, rich Iowa acres might,
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 531
in rare cases, be abandoned as some of the farms in New England and the
south. Some of those little valleys in New England and in the south
were wonderfully prosperous and fertile generations ago, but they have
been wholly abandoned and grown up to scrub pine and other scrub trees
as you know. So I can see that in generations to come such a thing might
occur on our broad acres. At least the possibility of a profitable produc-
tion might cease.
Every one of us knows of farms naturally as fertile as the Almighty
ever created, that have been corned year after year and have been so
worn out that it is almost impossible to cultivate them so well that even
thirty or forty bushels of corn can be produced. On the other hand, it is
possible to conserve the soil in a way that will produce more and more.
After a period when the cost of production has not been returned to the
Iowa farmer, it may seem out of place to talk too much about the con-
servation of soil fertility in order that we may produce more, but you
know well that the farm that has come nearest to paying the cost of
production is the farm that has yielded well per acre.
I remember well, and you do, too, perhaps, that P. G. Holden, during
his supremacy, told us in every hamlet and corner in every address hat
he made, that two years of corn, one year of small grain and one year
of clover, with the manure returned to the soil, would produce more corn
in a period of years than corn every year would; and he never uttered
during that campaign for seed corn and better corn conditions a truer
statement than that. He also went on to say, as you know, that you
would get your clover and your small grain extra, and furthermore from
year to year you would see your yield increase.
I may digress even a little further from the subject than I have. I
see vastly more in this conservation of fertility than mere profit in dol-
lars, and it is well worth while from a financial standpoint alone to lay
any stress that I may upon the conservation of fertile Iowa land. I be-
lieve the Creator made this great middle-west for the home of a perma-
nent agriculture. There are those who would have us become a great
industrial nation at the sacrifice of most everything else and buy our
foodstuffs where we can buy the cheapest. I think that idea has lost its
popularity some in the eastern states, but during our peak prices there
was a tremendous influence along that line to make America a great in-
dustrial country and buy our foodstuffs where we could buy them the
cheapest, and anywhere and anyway that we could. But, as I say, I be-
lieve that the Creator intended that this should be a great home for per-
manent agriculture in this great Mississippi valley. A rural citizenship
has made America distinctly different from Europe. The story of the
farm boy from the country to the greatest places of responsibility and
influence in our great cities has ever been the fascination. I believe this
is what we should maintain.
We are coming rapidly to a place where these farms either will be
tilled by an ignorant peasant class, as they are in Europe, or we will
continue under careful leadership and direction and forethought to de-
velop this American citizenship on the farms in the United States that
we have so long taken pride in. We are nearing the parting of the ways
— the peasant, or rural citizenship which has been the pride and backbone
532 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
of America. It is not alone a question of making a happy and prosperous
social condition on the Iowa farm. It is a question of producing leaders,
not alone of agricultual societies and farm organizations, but leaders of
the nation. If they are not produced, if leaders and great men are not
produced on the farms of the middle-west, where will they be produced?
You can not go to New York City or Philadelphia or Boston or Washing-
ton and find many of the leaders of finance or industry that are many
generations from the soil itself.
This whole nation has been awakened to the fact that agricultural
prosperity is absolutely necessary to national prosperity, as we were so
well told last night, in a way, during the last three years, that it never
had realized before. As we were told last night, we had a certain big
brother sympathy from industries and cities for many years, but during
the strenuous times of the last three or four years those industries have
found that their sympathy for the farmer, their good-will toward the
farmer, was not a matter of mere sympathy for the farmer but the good
of the farmer was absolutely one and essential to their good and prosper-
ity. The whole nation knows and knows well in a way that it never knevv
before that an agricultural collapse means the collapse of the financial
prosperity of America, and just so would this country realize that if the
splendid rural citizenship of these farms decays so the citizenship of
the nation decays.
But that can not be shown in three years of pinched times on the
farm, or two years of strenuous times on the farm, like this financial con-
dition and the general relationship, the co-relationship of rural prosperity
and national prosperity. I say this other can not be shown so quickly,
but once we let the prosperous farmers, the thinking men of our farms,
leave those farms on account of lack of prosperity or lack of soil fertility,
the nation will sometime find out, as Europe has found out, that it is a
decadent civilization, whenever your land is tilled and operated by a pop-
ulation, a class that is so low that they can not work out from that class
to a higher class.
You know that the motto of America has been that, no difference
where a man stands, he can rise and rise; and that is the citizenship that
I am appealing to you for. The basis of the new blood that flows from
the farms to the cities, as remote as it may seem, is a rich soil upon
which is based a prosperous agriculture. I have not much sympathy for
those who come out and tell us about improving the social conditions of
the farm. It is absolutely all right, too, in a way, and yet it is not a basis
of the foundation. They tell us that if the social conditions of the farms
are improved, the young people will stay; they will want to farm; that if
we have better modes of transportation, if we have better houses and
better homes and better things, the boys and girls will want to stay
and help out.
But I'll tell you what I think will keep the ambitious boy and the
ambitious girl on the farm, and I believe that is the only thing that will
keep them on there; and that is when they see that there is an oppor-
nity to possess and to accumulate and to become prosperous. You are not
going to keep a boy that is worth while on the farm just because of a
town that he wants to go to, or a fine automobile to ride in, or electric
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 533
lights in the home. But if that boy is made out of the right kind of
stuff, and the stuff that we hate to see leave the farm, he will leave
because of this — there is no opportunity for him to accumulate and ex-
pand and develop all his powers so much as there is in the city. And
the thing that I am alarmed about, and the thing that I am anxious about,
is that the conditions on the farms of the middle-west shall be such,
whether it is done by live stock feeding or what it is, that the soil will
be maintained so fertile and conditions will be so prosperous that the
young man sees that there is opportunity to spend a life and to accom-
plish the things that he is ambitious to accomplish there on the farm, the
same, or equal, or better than it is in the city. A boy with as much of
the ambition tied up in him that the American boy of this type has is
looking for a place to spend that life where he can get somewhere and
do something. He is not looking for theaters to go to, or modern con-
veniences, as good as they may be. He is not looking for the social life
of the city. That fellow is looking for a place to do something and to be
something; and if we settle down and back and back until the rural life
is a peasant life, as it is in Europe, what is that fellow going to do?
There is no opportunity for him there, and that is the thing that concerns
me when I get to thinking back about the basis and the foundation of this
condition here in the middle-west. That is the thing that stirs my blood.
Let us organize. Let us have our Meat Producers' organization and
our Farm Bureaus, and men skilled in holding the reins of government
and the reins of economics sp that we will get fair play and a fair show,
where the best men and the biggest men can afford to spend their lives
on the farm. (Applause.) I am not pleading for a prosperous and a per-
manent agriculture and a rural citizenship in order that our agricul-
tural communities alone may be better and more worth living in, but
I am pleading for it for the good of the nation.
I am one who lives in Iowa because I love Iowa. I suppose that
I live in Iowa because I was born here, and naturally was raised to think
it was a good place. But it goes a little further than that with me. I
have got a lot of sympathy and a lot of attachment for Iowa and for Har-
din county, my own county. I believe Iowa is the best state in the nation.
I could run on here and tell you about the fact that the cows alone of
Iowa bring more money into the state every year than every bit of citrus
fruit that is sold in the United States. I could run on with a whole
string of stuff like that. We haven't half advertised Iowa. Stanislaus
county, California — I have got a lot of sympathy for California — my
mother-in-law lives there — alone spends $100,000 a year just sending out
advertising about the good things of their county. How would the
farmers stand for a $100,000 levy in one of our taxes to advertise what
we have, let alone building good roads?
I may be guilty of repetition somewhat, but I want to say again that
the plea for rural conditions and the maintenance of rural citizenship is
not a matter so much of concern or betterment for the sake of rural con-
ditions, but it is for the sake of this whole state and the whole country.
The basis of everything that is good or prosperous, in the middle-west
particularly and in this nation as a whole, the final basis, is the fertility
of the soil.
534 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
You can talk about the prosperity of the city of Des Moines and the
bank deposits of Iowa, about our good schools and our good colleges, and
I pride in these as much as any of you dare to, and yet the basis is the
soil fertility. If we did not have rich soil in Iowa what would we have
here? Then why do we treat the fertility of our soil so lightly? Why
do we take it as a matter of course and mine it rather than farm it?
There is a close relationship between good soil and good citizens. I have
always felt that an intelligent live stock farming program is on a little
higher plane, when I think of these by-products of cattle feeding or live
stock farming.
We are a group here met primarily to consider the business of feed-
ing and marketing of live stock, so that we may be more prosperous, so
that our business may be more profitable, and it is well worth our while
that we should so be. But there are by-products remote in national pros-
perity and in national citizenship that are far beyond the feed lot, and
my plea is for a continuation of a permanent, substantial rural citizen-
ship, and again I wish to repeat that I believe there is a real, vital re-
lationship between good live stock farming that maintains the soil that
got created in the Mississippi valley and the development of a rural and
national citizenship of which we have so many years been proud and of
which we always will be proud. (Applause.)
The President: If there are any questions that any of you
men wish to ask Mr. Carter we will give opportunity for a few
minutes' discussion. We are not so rushed for time as we were
yesterday.
I would just like to emphasize and endorse what Mr. Carter
has said to you concerning the conservation of the soil through the
process of live stock farming. I am a little like Mr. Carter, I
guess, along those lines. My environment has been such, I guess
— I am sorry to say I did not inherit it because my father didn't
seem to ever have any love for live stock, so I certainly did not
inherit it. But I remember as a boy, how they always appealed to
me, and I always felt at home in the feed lot and looked forward to
the time when I could do business myself in that way and have
something of my own. Somehow, when the feed lots are empty and
I go out to the farm I do not feel at home. It seems as though
there is something lacking there. There is something that is not
there that ought to be there; and the facts are that our feed lots
are hardly ever empty. They never are empty of both hogs and
cattle, but there are times that we have no cattle on feed.
We are not big feeders, either, but we manage to have some
cattle on feed almost constantly the year around, not because we
are getting rich out of it, as Mr. Carter has said to you — not by
any means, but because our farm is improving in fertility. We
are raising by far larger crops on that old farm than we did thirty
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 535
and thirty-five years ago, when it was practically virgin soil. Our
corn crops are away ahead of what they were then, and I attribute
it entirely to the fact that we have given our attention to live stock
farming, and I do not see how — sometimes it is a conundrum to me
to discover why men insist on grain farming, and continue it year
after year and year after year with these valuable Iowa farms, and
you will scarcely see any live stock on the farm at all. I can not
understand it.
Of course, just how the younger generation is going to take to
live stock farming is quite a problem. I am not on the program
for this speech. I am filling in the place of another man that could
not come. Mr. Bane was on the program. You will pardon me
for not mentioning that fact. He was to talk to you on his expe-
rience in feeding bulls, but somehow Mr. Bane was unable to get
here, so that we are one number short on the program, and the
Committee on Resolutions is not ready to report yet. I don't
know whether you men care to bear with me or not, but I was just
trying to fill in and kill a little time here as we go along.
But as I was saying, I never could quite understand how an
Iowa farmer, and especially if he owned his farm, could make up
his mind to raise grain and sell it and continue to mine his soil in
that kind of a way and haul the fertility to that elevator or to some
other feeder in his community, haul the fertility off through his
grain year after year, and sell it either to the elevator to be shipped
out of the country or to a neighboring farmer to go back into his
soil. It is amazing that men who own Iowa farms can make up
their minds to do that, and yet they do do it.
Now, as I started to say, just how the younger generation is
going to take to this live stock problem — it is a real problem. I
never saw a more discouraged bunch of young farmers than we
had in this country for about eighteen months, that is, especially
the men who had been dealing in live stock and in the feeding game,
when the deflation set in ; and you men know what happened. We
sold cattle for three and four dollars a hundred less than they cost
us. That was a terrific blow on the young man that was just
starting out, that hadn't had some of those rugged experiences to
go through in the years past that we older men had had to contend
with; and the facts were that we found discouraged men all over
the state, that were absolutely discouraged, heart-sick over the
feeding proposition, and declared that they would never feed an-
other steer, would have nothing more to do with it.
536 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
But I believe that the past year has given some of these young
fellows courage. In my circulating around among them I have
found an entirely different feeling among the younger men who
had gotten back into the game to some extent during the past year,
because they had made some money — their cattle had proved a
good investment. They saw the other man haul his corn off, either
to the neighboring farmer or to the elevator, and sell it for 30 or
35 or possibly 40 cents if he held it long enough, and they felt as
though the feeding game was not so bad after all.
There is one thing about the feeding game. Of course we must
not expect that we are going to make big profits every year.
That is one thing that is impossible. You won't do that in any
business. And so that is one of the things that we older men have
learned. As long as we stay in the feeding game we will not expect
big profits every year, and occasionally we will have years that we
will have to take quite a severe loss, from a financial standpoint I
am speaking ; but when we stop and analyze the whole entire situa-
tion and what our farms would be if we hadn't entered into the
feeding game at all, and how we would have robbed the soil of its
fertility, and the productive value of our farms compared with
what they would have been under other conditions, why we sort of
congratulate ourselves after all and make up our minds, as Mr.
Carter has said, that, over a period of years, live stock feeding
pays.
You can go all over this state — I don't suppose there is a man
in the audience that has driven as many miles over the state of
Iowa as myself, and I don't say that boastingly, because the work
that you people have given me has required this. I can just see
the outstanding difference when I get into a live stock community.
Why, you don 't even have to inquire. You can see it right on the
face of everything, that the live stock community is more pros-
perous than the communities where they raise grain and sell it — ■
the state over. There are absolutely no exceptions to the rule at
all, and take it for a period of years there is not any question in
my mind but what the live stock farmer is going to be ahead in
dollars and cents besides the increased value that is conserved in
his soil to produce greater crops.
Some day we are going to hand these farms down to the younger
generation. We old fellows won't be here always. That is one
thing that has impressed me, especially after my family began to
grow up and I realized that some day these children and these
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 537
grandchildren would be trying to make a living on the farm that
we older people have attempted to build up. Now are we going to
hand those down to those children and to those grandchildren in a
depleted condition, in a condition that means starvation to them
the rest of their lives, and then they hand them down to their prog-
eny in a more depleted condition ; or shall' we, as outstanding fig-
ures in the greatest producing state of the nation, hand down to
future posterity these farms in better condition and in a higher
state of cultivation, in a condition that will produce greater crops
and a larger yield than they did in their virgin state ? We can do
this, men. There is not any question about it. We can do this
as live stock producers of this great state. We can set the ex-
ample. We can lead the way for the young men to follow. I don 't
believe that they will go very far wrong if we set the example and
teach it to them and show to them the difference between the live
stock farmer in the long run and the grain farmer who makes up
his mind that he is not going to work the year around.
You know there are a lot of people that are not in the live stock
business simply because they know it is a year-around business.
They want the winter off ; they want a vacation during the winter.
They don't want an every-day job the year around. If a census
of the grain farmers of the country was taken, I am satisfied you
would find that a large per cent of them feel that they are entitled
to a vacation a certain part of the year. For that reason, they
don't want to engage in the live stock business because it is an
every day job for 365 days in the year. I believe that we can
afford to set an example, as I have already stated. I want to em-
phasize the importance of we who represent the oldest live stock
organization in existence, so far as I know, that has had a con-
tinuous record of results of which we ought to be proud. We can
afford to set the example for these younger men to follow.
Now we are going to call for a report from our treasurer, Mr.
Goodenow.
Chas. Goodenow, of Wall Lake, treasurer, then read the follow-
ing report:
SECRETARY'S REPORT
Receipts for the year $4,583.00
Disbursements —
Bank collection fees ? 31.10
Refunds to county associations 30.00
Gortner State Bank (bad check) 5.00
538 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Director's expenses and delegates to Washington,
Des Moines, etc 434.50
Stamps, printing, stationery, etc 781.06
Bond for treasurer 12.50
Bilz Sign Co., display card, meeting 2.00
Rev. Wm. McCormick 5.00
Miller Hotel Co 37.90
W. J. Carmichael, advance to Meat Board 40.00
D. W. Mott, telegram to Washington 5.00
Henry Brandt, reporting annual meeting 119.15
Contribution, American National 100.00
Charles Goodenow, canvass expenses 33.10
A. Sykes, salary and expenses 2,219.30
Marilla Goodenow 712.97
Anna T. Davis, special stenographic work 5.00 4,573.58
Mr. Goodenow: We have not collected as much money this
year as we did in some of the years prior, but we haven't had as
much work in the field as usual so far as that goes. I did a little
work in a couple of counties or a little more, and I find that the
farmers are not dead by a long ways. They are just kind of
dozing along waiting for somebody to come and see them. Last
year I worked some and I found it was pretty hard to get money.
They didn't have it. We couldn't get it in places where they
didn't have it. Our members were very hard up as a rule. This
year they seem to be more easy ; they have got it and they are more
willing to pay.
The President: Are there any questions concerning this re-
port that you wish to ask Mr. Goodenow, concerning any of these
items? There is nothing covered up here. If there is anything
you don't understand —
A Member: I didn't hear you read the secretary's expenses.
Haven 't we got a secretary ?
The President: The secretary has never made any charge.
Secretary Wallace would never accept anything — that is H. A.
Mr. Ames: I move the adoption of the report.
The President: A motion duly seconded has been made to
adopt the report as offered. All favorable to the motion signify
it my saying aye. Contrary no. The ayes have it, and it is so
ordered.
We will now listen to the report of the auditing committee.
Mr. Hill.
Mr. E. L. Hill then read the following report of the auditing
committee :
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 539
AUDITING COMMITTEE'S REPORT
Your committee appointed to audit the accounts of Treasurer Charles
Goodenow beg leave to report as follows: We have gone over the ac-
counts of the treasurer, have checked them up with the secretary's
records, and find them correct in every detail, and showing the following
condition:
On hand, December 8, 1921 $4,489.43
Moneys received during the year 4,546.90
Total funds for the year $9,036.33
Total expenditures for the year 4,538.69
Balance on hand, December 2, 1922 $4,497.64
Respectfully submitted,
W. P. DAWSON,
E. L. HILL,
J. C. COFFMAN, Committee.
Upon motion, duly seconded and put by the president, the re-
port was approved.
The President : That brings us up to the report of the commit-
tee on resolutions. If anybody has anything to talk about I
would like to hear from them. They thought they would be ready
to report about this time, about 11 o'clock.
Just while we are waiting — Mr. Gunn was to tell you about
this live stock meat board, but his time is taken up with the com-
mittee on resolutions. I should not have appointed him there. I
didn 't think about it at that time. You possibly would like to have
some little idea of what they are doing.
From what I can gather from what Mr. Gunn has told the
board of directors, the meat board is now beginning to function.
They have been handicapped since the organization was formed
because they could not find or locate a suitable manager. The
plan provides for a manager for the board. He tells us that their
greatest difficulty is to locate a suitable man, a man that is big
enough for as big a job as that is; but at the last meeting of the
board they appointed a special committee which is now searching
the country for a suitable manager. At the same time they are
going on with their work under the temporary management of the
secretary and president of the board, assisted by Mr. Thomas E.
Wilson, and they are getting out their publications in the way of
advertisements. I have received quite a number. They are getting
in position to start this advertising campaign in a systematic and,
we believe, beneficial way.
540 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Another reason is the fact that up to the present the Chicago
Live Stock Exchange has not seen fit to adopt the rule to deduct
from each shipment five cents per car. The question was voted
on during the summer and voted down by the Chicago Live Stock
Exchange. Under the rules of the Exchange they cannot call up
that question again for reconsideration and take another vote on it,
as I understand it, inside of six months ; so that they have to wait
six months before they can consider it, which I am informed they
expect to do and are very hopeful of carrying it or putting it
across, so that the Live Stock Exchange in Chicago will then col-
lect or take from each car five cents per car to be turned in to the
Live Stock and Meat Board. That is one of the things that has
seriously handicapped them.
The Producers organization at Chicago is turning in each month
to this board five cents per car for all of the stock that we handle,
but we are the only firm doing business at the yards, so far as
I am informed, that is doing this. Some of the smaller markets
— Omaha is collecting five cents per car on all stuff entering the
Omaha market. Some of the other smaller markets are doing the
same. Kansas City has adopted the rule by quite a large ma-
jority, I understand, but for some technical reason it is being
held and they are not contributing their five cents per car to the
meat board. So that as soon as they can get these little difficulties,
which seem to be difficulties at the present time, ironed out, why,
we believe that the meat board is going to be in a position to func-
tion in a way which will be of real benefit to us.
The figures that Mr. Harlan gave you here yesterday — I was
sorry that we were so handicapped for time, especially when Mr.
Harlan got into those figures on consumption of meat, here, that
we could not have spent more time on that. You will recall that
his figures on the consumption of meat show quite a marked in-
crease for the last year. That is home consumption that I am talk-
ing about. I was surprised to learn that fact. Now, it just
demonstrates to my mind that there is no doubt but the agitation
that has been going on through the press already concerning the
work of this National Live Stock and Meat Board is already bear-
ing fruit in this country, that people are beginning to eat more
meat, because those figures actually demonstrate that fact, the in-
creased consumption in meat during the past year, and especially
in pork.
Mr. Eisele: Do the packers contribute to this?
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 541
The President: They do at all markets, where it is adopted.
They are not in Chicago. At all of the markets where that rule
is adopted and they are collecting from the shipper, they are col-
lecting from the packer also. But at none of the markets where
the rule is suspended or not in force are the packers contributing,
and neither are the shippers.
Mr. Eisele: This Wilson, that is the packer?
The President: Yes, sir, that is the packer. The packers are
ready at Chicago to contribute their share just the moment that
the Exchange adopts the rule, but of course they feel that it would
be unfair for them to go ahead ; and then, on the other hand, the
plan provides that we shall each contribute alike, and I question
very seriously whether the stock men would desire the packers to
finance it. That has always been the position of the stock men,
that they did not want the packers to finance their propositions;
they wanted to do their part. It is not the fault of the stock
men, you understand. We have never received an objection from
a stock man to the payment of this nickel a car — not one. Neither
has the meat board. It is simply because the live stock exchanges
have refused to collect that nickel, and we have no other way of
collecting it, only through the commission firms.
Mr. Mott : What became of that deal that we put over ; weren 't
we collecting five cents a car?
Mr. Gunn informs us that in spite of these handicaps they are
having a fairly good income at the present time, and with the pros-
pect, of course, of that being very materially increased during the
present year. So we believe that this thing is going to work out
all right yet and that we will get a real national meat board that
will really function in the interest of the live stock producers of
the country and overcome a lot of this misinformation that has
been sent out by quack doctors and one thing and another in one
way and another; such things as the influence of the '"eat-no-
meat" campaigns that were put on during the war, and all that
stuff that we have got to overcome.
A Member: Mr. President, there is no organization that nas
authority to order that five cents taken from each shipper 's car ?
The President : No, sir.
The Member: We could direct our officers.
The President: We could resolve in favor of it. I am glad
you called attention to that. Possibly we could incorporate that
in our resolutions here favoring that. That would be a fine thing.
542 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
I think at the last annual meeting some such resolution was
adopted, however.
Mr. Eisele: All of the live stock organizations have adopted
similar resolutions, haven 't they ?
The President: We are requesting our shippers to co-operate.
I think it might be well to renew that after the resolutions are of-
fered. If there is no resolution along that line, one can be offered
on the floor of the house and added to the resolutions that will be
offered by the committee. Of course we have no power to enforce
that rule as an organization.
A Member: Don't you think, Mr. Sykes, that our experience
in the Corn Belt, the rest of the organizations would all feel dis-
posed to do the same if the Corn Belt would pass such a resolution ?
The President : Yes, but the other organizations are all in favor
of it. There is not a live stock organization in the country that
has not resolved in favor of it. They are in favor of it and urging
it.
The Member: I think that would be proper to pass such a
resolution.
The President : It was unanimously adopted last winter at the
American National meeting out at Colorado Springs. It was
adopted, without a dissenting vote, in a packed house there.
Mr. Thompson : Along the line of this discussion, and I have
not been able to hear all of it, isn't it a fact that the Live Stock
Exchange feels timid about endorsing this five cent proposition be-
cause many of the shippers have been protesting to their commis-
sion men as to the present charges they have been making in
regard to the selling of stock? I know that I have talked to one
or two of them and I find that they are getting no relief from this
excessive charge that we all believe they are getting. Isn't it a
fact, also, that your new corporation has, in order to avoid trouble,
gone into conjunction and is charging this $18 a car for selling
these cattle with the proposition that if there is anything more
than paying the cost, which I think we all understand, that there
will be a refund to the shippers ? And this Chicago Exchange, as
we call the large men who sell the most of the stock, they are some-
what timid as I think in endorsing this five cent movement on the
ground that they know that the average shipper is now somewhat
dissatisfied with the $18 or more charged for each car. So if you
are to pass a resolution endorsing this five cent action I believe,
while there is but a small per cent of the men represented here that
are shipping stock, I believe that in that resolution we should ask
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 543
those commission men to go back to a more normal condition that
existed prior to the rate of $18 a car.
We have been talking over our troubles here today and yes-
terday. I am not going to occupy the floor, but we have talked
about the different forces past and gone, fertility of the soil this
morning, and other things that came up last night. I believe every
one of us who has been here in this meeting has surely been well
paid for the time and the trouble expended in coming here, and
yet, while my remarks may seem rambling, not expecting to talk
at all, I believe that there are many things that we can learn
from this.
I am reminded of all the days that have gone by where all
classes of men have been in the same trouble that we have been in.
The cattle feeders have been up and down and lots of them are not
here at this meeting at all. We have had it something awful in the
last two years, and as Sykes says, the fellow who fed a little load
of cattle lost a little bit of money and the big men lost more. I
know men who lost as high as sixty thousand dollars, and thirty
and twenty.
I must tell a little story on the side, about a friend of mine
that went out to California. He had been wanting to go for years
and years, and he had never felt he had the money to go. I am
not sure but Mr. Sykes was there the same winter. But he -had
gone ahead of me, and the second day after we arrived of course
we had to go over and see my friend Tommy Black. And we went
over and found him nicely situated and I said, "Tommy, how
do you enjoy it?" "Why," he says, "I have got the worth of my
money before I got here." Gentlemen, we have got the worth of
our money before we go there. This meeting is something bigger
and greater than our staying up on our home farms.
A friend of mine, Mr. Bowers, is here, and I am glad to see
him. I tried to get two or three more men to come, but they would
make this excuse and that excuse. I don't know — possibly it is the
little dollars and cents that they spend down here — but they are
not here. They ought to be here. All of us fellows who have been
here have got the worth of our money, I guess, before we landed in
Des Moines. If we didn 't, we will surely get it before we go home.
I think it is a wonderful meeting, and- we ought to have a thousand
or two thousand people to hear the discussion last night and what
has been going on.
A whole lot of things have been said. Something has been
said by our friend over there this morning about fertility of the
544 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
soil and farm products, but there is a large field yet to be covered.
I was of the opinion a few minutes ago that we ought to call for
something for the good of the order. We have got Mr. Ames and
two or three more good speakers far superior to me. They might
get up and lead out in those things. There are many things in
rural life, many things that have popped up as well as our down-
fall in feeding and the upkeep of the soil. There are many things
that concern our home and our young boys. Something has been
said about that, but there is a large field yet to be covered. Shall
we inaugurate these community clubs all over the country? I
think they are a good thing. I think we have got to do something
that will get our boys, as has been expressed here today, we have
got to do something to get the boys to realize that the home has
got enjoyment, that the father will give him an automobile if he
can afford it, to let him get out and come in contact with the world ;
and more especially do I carry this thought of our president, Mr.
Sykes, that the time has come when you cannot confine a boy down
to a farm and see that he grubs and grubs and gets along. We
have got to make some arrangement for holidays, some arrange-
ment to get away from that old farm and that old grind which he
said feeding cattle means — that same old routine.
We have got to encourage and arrange so that these sons can
get away for a week or two weeks for enjoyment. I will illustrate.
I have a son upwards of 45 years old. He is not with me. He
ought to be. He made two trips to California and has gone up and
down the coast, and he has gone up into Canada. He said he had
a good time and came back and told us of what he had seen. He
was up in the glacier country. He comes back and he is worth
more on the farm than all of his expenses. When he gets back he
goes in with new vim. Last fall, just a while ago, he said, "lam
going to have a little time off. I am going to go into Chicago with
the cattle." "All right, go." "I may not be back for maybe two
weeks." He goes into Chicago, and goes up to Minneapolis and
goes to the fair, and he goes around and he comes back and buckles
on his clothes and goes to work. While I am paying him what they
call a good salary — I am paying him $2,000 a year to stay there
and boss my job — he takes these outings and I never count a min-
ute's time that he lost. Why ? Because when he comes back every-
thing is attended to. I believe such thoughts ought to be advanced
to all boys. We get narrow-minded, hide-bound, and the boys we
are raising are raised with different opportunities than we were
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 545
and they ought to have those different ways of getting out and
having a good time.
The President : The resolutions committee is ready to report.
Just for your information, Mr. Thompson, I will say that this or-
ganization, in conjunction with some of the other live stock organ-
izations, is now engaged in a case with the packer and stock yards
administration to secure a reduction in these commission charges.
You were not here when I read my report yesterday. I referred to
that at some length. So far as securing anything in a voluntary
way, why, of course we gave up all hope of that and went to the
department to try to secure some reduction in these charges.
Now the chairman of our resolutions committee is with us,
and we will listen to Mr. Dawson, the chairman, read the report
of the committee :
Mr. W. P. Dawson : The work of this committee has had to be
somewhat hurriedly done. The committee really requires a lot of
time to draft the sort of resolutions that an organization like this
ought to put out, because we are known by the resolutions we
adopt, largely. If I might suggest that in the future the resolu-
tions committee be appointed a couple of weeks ahead of time. I
think it was three weeks that was given by the Iowa Farm Bureau
Federation after their first year's experience in hurriedly draft-
ing and passing resolutions. Since then their resolutions commit-
tee, or a group from them, have met and drafted tentative sets of
resolutions that could be acted upon later.
Mr. Dawson then read the report of the committee on resolu-
tions, and after slight discussion and amendment of the report, the
following resolutions were adopted :
RESOLUTIONS
1. Since there is prospect of a great increase in live stock feeding, we
call on the National Live Stock and Meat Board, the packers, the daily
p-css, and the United States Department of Agriculture to increase the
consumption of meat products at home and abroad.
2. We pledge our support to the efforts of the producers to handle
the shipment and the selling of live stock through co-operative agencies.
3. We advocate the repeal of Section 15-A of the Esch-Cummins act,
and especially favor revising the act so as to restore to the state railway
commissions their former power.
4. Whereas, it has been proposed to repeal the entire Cummins-Esch
act, which would involve killing legislation providing for the federal con-
trol of security issues and certain other valuable features for which we
have fought, it is our firm conviction that such action would be unwise.
Therefore, be it
546 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Resolved, That we urge our representatives in congress not to ask
for the repeal of the entire law, but for the amendment of the same as to
those features which are wrong.
5. We advocate legislation and agencies looking toward an improved
credit mechanism for farmers, and especially commend:
(a) Intermediate credit legislation as is provided in such bills as
the Capper and Lenroot bills.
(b) Legislation permitting more general use of the federal re-
serve system in the rediscounting of agricultural paper, which should
run for at least nine months.
(c) The Iowa Farm Credit Corporation.
(d) The Iowa Rural Credits Commission, which will report early in
1923 to the Iowa legislature.
6. We are unalterably opposed to the ship subsidy bill which is now
before the senate.
7. Whereas, the just claims and needs of our great agricultural in-
dustry call for intelligent, sympathetic and systematic study and support
in congress, we express our endorsement of the "agricultural bloc," com-
mend their past efforts and urge them to continue their helpful work in
the future.
8. We protest most emphatically against any and all proposals to
limit the sphere of the United States Department of Agriculture by the
removal of any of its bureaus to other departments.
9. We express our high appreciation of the outstanding services ren-
dered by Secretary Wallace to the agricultural industry and to the nation
in his high office.
10. Whereas, the Interstate Commerce Commission is exceedingly
busy; and, whereas it has already accepted $18,900,000,000 as a tentative
value of the railroads, and therefore has pre-judged the value, we advo-
cate a National Railroad Valuation Commission to relieve the Interstate
Commerce Commission of its valuation duties.
11. We are in full accord with the movement under way to prevent
the shifting of the tax burden from the railroads of the state onto the
owners of farm land, and commend the work of our state officials and
the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation toward adjusting this matter.
12. We call upon all taxing and public spending bodies in the state
to exert the utmost economy with public funds and to hold down tax
levies to the lowest possible figure, and to this end we especially advocate
the adoption of the budget system by all taxing agencies at the earliest
moment.
13. We urge upon congress such measures as will enable the United
States to join with Canada in providing us with economical water trans-
portation through the St. Lawrence and Great Lakes waterway projects.
14. We recommend legislation providing that state funds shall be
deposited in each county and drawn upon by the state treasurer for
monthly disbursements on a pro rata basis. Surplus public funds
should, so far as practical, be available to all communities.
15. We express our appreciation of the splendid work of the Agri-
cultural Economics Section of the Iowa Experiment Station. Its one
investigation into hog freights bids fair to save the state of Iowa at least
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 547
$100,000. We therefore urge that the farm economics work of the Iowa
station be expanded in proportion to its great importance to the state.
16. We recommend that all the costs of construction, maintenance
and relocation of primary roads be paid out of the primary road funds.
17. We favor more competition in the packing house business rather
than less.
18. We favor restricted immigration until a comprehensive selective
system can be put in force.
19. We extend to Prof. John M. Evvard our deepest sympathy in his
illness which has made it impossible for him to attend our last two meet-
ings, and express the hope that he will be recovered sufficiently to be
with us in 1923.
The President: This, I believe, closes the reports of the com-
mittees. This brings us up to the election of officers for the en-
suing year. Gentlemen, what is your pleasure? The first is the
nomination of men to fill the presidency of this office. Nomina-
tions are now in order.
Senator T. C. Cessna: Mr. President, this organization has
been headed by our present president for fourteen or sixteen years,
and I think we will all agree it has been one of the most efficient
organizations that the state has ever had. It has done more for
the state generally, and especially the shipper, than any other, and
personally I can see no reason why we should change. I nominate
Mr. A. Sykes, of Ida Grove, for president. (Several seconds.)
Any further nominations, gentlemen?
The President: Now, gentlemen, because I am here I don't
want you to feel that there is nobody else that can be nominated.
I want you to be perfectly free. If you have got anybody else,
nominate him.
Senator Cessna: It has been moved and seconded, gentlemen,
that Mr. A. Sykes be re-elected president of this organization for
the ensuing year. All in favor of that motion signify it by saying
aye. Contrary? Mr. Sykes is elected.
Mr. Ames: I move that Mr. R. M. Gunn be our vice-president.
(Motion seconded.)
The President : It has been moved and seconded that R. M.
Gunn be elected vice-president for the ensuing year. All favorable
to the motion signify it by saying aye. Contrary, no. Mr. Gunn
is unanimously elected vice-president for the ensuing year. The
next in order is your treasurer.
Mr. White: I move the nomination of our present treasurer.
(Motion seconded.)
The President: It has been moved and seconded that Charlie
548 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
Goodenow, who has been treasurer of this organization ever since
it was formed, be re-elected for the ensuing year. All favorable to
his election signify it by saying aye. Contrary, no. Mr. Gcod-
enow, you are unanimously elected. This brings us to the election
of the odd-numbered districts — the board of directors.
Senator Cessna: Mr. Chairman, if it is in order I would move
that the rules be suspended, that each district get together and
elect their own representatives and their own directors, and that we
proceed to elect the directors from the odd-numbered districts ou
the floor of the meeting, re-elect the old directors to succeed them-
selves. (Motion seconded.)
The President : It has been moved and seconded that the rules
be suspended — that which has heretofore been followed in the selec-
tion of these directors by districts, and that the old directors who
are now occupying those positions in the First, Third, Fifth, Sev-
enth, Ninth and Eleventh districts be elected by this convention to
succeed themselves for the ensuing two years. Are you ready for
the question?
Mr. E. L. Hill: We have already made an arrangement in our
district for a change. This thing can go on with the exception of
that district. I think that would be all right.
The President: I don't think we want to make any exception
to the rule. If we are to suspend the rules we will make it unani-
mous. All in favor of the motion signify it by saying aye. Con-
trary, no. Mr. Hill has been wanting to get out of the harness
for some time, and he is just one of the men that we don't want to
relieve at this time, I think. I think we are all very well pleased
with having Mr. Hill re-elected to succeed himself. I don't think
there will be any objections in his district, either, from the reports
that I get from that district. (The motion prevailed.)
A motion to adjourn is in order. t
Whereupon, at 12 :22 p. m., upon motion of Senator T. C.
Cessna, duly seconded, put and carried, the convention stood ad-
journed.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 549
SUGGESTIONS ON THE FEEDING AND CARE OF BABY BEEF
CALVES
There are three factors to be considered in the feeding of baby beeves,
viz: What you feed, how you feed, and how well you make use of the
feed. These factors will largely determine your success in the showring
and in daily gains.
Feeds — Concentrates and Roughages
In general, feeds may be divided into two groups, concentrates and
roughages. The concentrate group includes the grains and such com-
mercial feeds as linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, bran, etc. The rough-
age group includes the hays, corn stover, ensilage, grasses and feeds of
like nature.
Concentrates furnish the materials for building the tissues, muscle and
bone, and also furnish heat for the body. Roughages furnish the same
things, only in much smaller amounts in proportion to the bulk, and, in
addition, they furnish "body" to the feed, which insures regularity of
the digestive functions.
Concentrates, as their name implies, have a large total amount, in
proportion to their total bulk, of the muscle building and fat energy pro-
ducing compounds contained in feeds. Two of the most concentrated
concentrates are linseed oil meal and cottonseed meal. It has been defi-
nitely proven by experiment that these two concentrates increase daily
gains and that the use of one, from the experience of most of the club
members, linseed oil meal is to be prefered, is necessary.
First prize Hereford and champion over all, Iowa State Fair, 1922.
by Clifford Benson, La Moille, Marshall County.
Shown
550 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
The feed constituents most desired in concentrates are protein and
fat. Proteins furnish the materials from which body tissues — muscles,
hair, hide and horn — are built, while fats furnish heat and energy and
build up body fat.
Linseed oil meal, pea size or as a meal, is a standard feed with old
cattle feeders. It has a high percentage of protein, usually running
about 34%. It has the added advantages of being liked by most cattle,
and of having a beneficial effect upon the digestive system. It has laxa-
tive properties, thus keeping the animals cooled out, and also giving
them a smoother appearance by keeping the hair smooth and glossy.
As a general rule, not over one and one-half to two pounds per day
should be fed at any time.
Frequently club members have trouble getting their calves to eat
oil meal. From the experience of a good many, pea-sized meal is to be
much preferred over the finely ground meal. A good many make the mis-
take of trying to get the calf to eat a full feed of oilmeal from the
start, and are disappointed when they find that the calf has eaten the
rest of the feed and left the oilmeal in the box. Preferably, the calf
should be started on a feed of oilmeal very slowly. If you have the pea-
sized meal, mix just a very little in with the feed and he probably will-
eat it along with his corn and oats. Another way is to take a little meal,
and when he's licking out the box getting the last of his feed, put it m.
He'll be apt to relish it then. If he absolutely refuses it and gets a bit
hard in his hide and hair, get some raw (be sure you get raw linseed
oil; boiled linseed oil is poisonous) linseed oil and put not over a table-
spoonful of it on his feed, mixing it well, of course, once or twice a
day.
Cottonseed meal is another old standby, and is sometimes used. It
also has a high percentage of protein, from 36% to 44%, depending on
the grade, but, unlike linseed oil meal, it has rather a constipating effect
upon cattle. For this reason, some other feeds of a laxative nature must
be used with it, to offset this property. It is hardly as good a feed as
oilmeal for young animals. About the same amounts may be fed as
of linseed oil meal.
Wheat bran runs from 12% to 13% protein, and, while rather high in
price, is a mighty good feed to add to the ration. It is high in protein,
rather bulky, and, being of a laxative nature, keeps the animal's sys-
tem cooled out, and the coat in good shape. It is widely used among
showmen, and may well be used in practically all cases.
Gluten meal, gluten feed, germ oil meal, corn bran, and hominy feed
are all feeds made from corn by-products, but they are not widely used
among feeders. There are, of course, cases where they have given good
results but, where a good part of the ration is made up of corn, it is
better to use some other feeds to add variety to the ration.
Ground corn or corn meal is a feed which will no doubt make up a
large part of the ration. Because corn is so plentiful this year, and
comparatively cheap, a large part of the ration should be made up of
corn. We believe it will be better to grind the corn than to feed it
shelled. You have probably noticed that where cattle were on full feed,
a good deal of the corn passed through the animal and was not digested.
PROCEEDINGS CORN BEET MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 551
This is caused by the animal not chewing his cud as he should, and
so the digestive juices did not have a chance to work on the feed. To
offset this loss, you can grind the corn, and even if the calf doesn't chew
his feed as he should, the kernel is already broken up and the digestive
fluids can act upon it.
However, there is this to be said in regard to shelled corn. You
have probably noticed that calves will nibble on shelled corn and whole
oats much quicker than they will on ground feed and, for this reason,
it may be best to get your calf started on whole grain, changing him later
to ground feed. In any case, the corn should be cracked and not finely
ground. The fact of the matter is the coarser it is ground the better.
Corn meal contains a good bit of fat, but not so much protein, only
around 7% to 8%. Shelled corn has about the same per cent.
Oats differ from corn in being a more bulky and a better balanced
feed. They are fairly high in protein, containing up to 10%, and it is
of good quality. Because they are a bulkier feed, they are more of a
growing feed than corn, which is a fattener. Since your calf is growing
as well as fattening, it will be well to add oats to the ration. Where ic
is possible to grind the oats, it is well to do so, for cattle relish ground
oats more than they do whole oats, and the same rule holds true as
with corn.
There are a good many roller mills to be found over the state and,
if you can have your oats rolled, so much the better. Cattle relish
flaky rolled oats.
Barley is rather extensively grown in some parts of the state, and
where it is available it can be fed to good advantage, especially during
the latter part of the feeding period. In feeding value, it is just about
the same as corn, but it has a tendency to give the animal more bloom
and mellowness of flesh, with less patchiness. Barley, like corn, should
be cracked and not ground fine. Rolled barley is much preferable to
cracked barley and is better liked by cattle. It is necessary to roll or
grind barley because of its being so hard and dry.
Many feeders boil it whole and feed the porridge to the steers during
the latter part of the feeding period to stimulate the appetite and add
the finish which is not so easily put on with other feeds. Most feeders
make it a practice to feed boiled barley at noon. All uneaten barley
should be cleaned out of the feed boxes at once and only freshly boiled
barley should be used.
Roughages
Some roughage should always be fed cattle. There are factors which
will determine the amount fed, as, for instance, an animal with a big
middle, which should receive very little hay or other bulky material.
Roughages are necessary to give "body," or bulk, to the feed, thus in-
suring regularity of the digestive functions. Some common roughages
are:
Corn silage, made from corn, with the ears left on, contains about one
per cent protein and about seventy-three per cent water. It differs from
corn fodder in that it does not have such a high percentage of fibsr
which cannot be digested, and it is a much more palatable feed for
552
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 553
animals. It is a very good feed to be fed during the winter months, for
it adds succulence to the ration and gives a variety which no other
feed has for that time of year. It will be well to let your calf have a
good amount of silage along with a good grain ration, where silage is
available.
Alfalfa hay is rich, both in protein and in ash, which is a bone and
muscle building element. It contains from 10% to 14% of protein, and
is relished by all animals. Where you have it available, let your calf
have all of it that he wants, unless he eats so much that he will not eat
the amount of grain he should.
Clover hay contains from 8% to 10% protein, and is relished by all
kinds of stock, unless it be coarse or mouldy. Good, clean clover hay
is the chief roughage used in this state, where alfalfa is not grown, and,
because it is not quite so "washy" as alfalfa, some feeders prefer it. It
is a very good roughage for growing animals.
Timothy hay has only about 3% protein, and is higher in fibre, making
it more woody and not so good for a growing animal. It is a good horse
hay, but where you have clover, alfalfa, or oat hay, your calf will do
better on them than on timothy.
Milk
Baby beef club calves are not allowed milk after they are ten months
of age, but up until that time, there is no feed which you can give your
calf which will put on as much flesh as good whole milk. Breeders uni-
versally consider it the cheapest feed they can get for their younger
show stuff. Our most successful baby beef feeders, on a commercial
scale, allow the calves to suckle their dams until they are seven to nine
months of age. These men figure gains in dollars and cents and we can
be well assured that there is a need for such management and here it is:
Milk produces "milk" or "baby fat," which you have seen, and which adds
"bloom" to the animal. A calf which has been weaned before it is put
on a full feed loses this milk fat and, once lost, it can never be regained.
It is therefore necessary, if you hope to have a very fine quality of
flesh, to let your calf suckle a cow as long as possible, at least until the
calf is on full feed.
The Balanced Ration
A balanced ration is one in which the proportions of the different
classes of feeds are such that they insure the most economical use of
the feed by the animal.
A balanced ration is easy enough to talk about, but, as a matter of
fact, your calf's likes and dislikes must be consulted, and it would be the
rankest folly to feed a perfectly balanced ration if composed of feeds
which your calf disliked.
Feeding
As we have just said, the calf's likes and dislikes will need to be con-
sulted to some extent, but what we desire to say is that great care must
be exercised by the feeder in keeping his calf on feed. In the first place,
two or more calves, fed together, usually do much better than one calf
554
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
First prize Angus and reserve champion, Iowa State Fair, 1922. Shown by
Dean Dodder, Letts, Muscatine County.
fed by himself. A review of the champions at the state fair proves this
conclusively. Second, it may be well to start your calf on whole grain.
Ordinarily, calves will eat whole grains much quicker than they will
ground feeds. Third, remember to change feeds very gradually, a week
to two weeks being usually required. As you know, calves must be
started on feed gradually. A good many boys, if the calves were not
on feed when the feeding period started, begin by feeding once a day
for about a week. Care is taken to see to it that the calf cleans up
each feed promptly, and is hungry for the next feed. At the same time,
the feed is gradually increased. After about a week of feeding once a
day, the day's feed is cut in two and the calf is fed mornings and eve-
nings. When the calf becomes accustomed to the new arrangement, the
feed can again be increased and should be gradually added to from then
until March, when the calf should be fed three times- a day until the end
of the feeding period.
Care must be exercised to see that the calf does not go "off feed."
It is mighty bad practice to have a lot of feed lying in the box before
the calf. Feed him what he'll clean up. When he begins leaving a
handful or two, cut down the feed that much, and a little later on begin
adding to the feed once again. If he goes clear off feed, a good many
miss a feed and give one-fourth to one-third of what he has been getting
for the next feed. If he cleans that up, he can rapidly be put on full
feed again. If he doesn't care to eat, the feed should be removed from
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 555
the box. Give left-over feed to the cows. At least, don't mix it with
the next feed.
Salt should be fed by mixing a pinch or two into each feed, or by-
having a box of salt in the stall where the calf can lick it at will.
Suggested Baby Beef Rations
Starting on feed:
Corn, shelled or ground lx/2 to 2 lbs.
Oats, ground or whole 2 to 4 lbs.
Bran 1 lb.
All the clover or alfalfa hay he'll eat.
Later in the feeding period:
1. Corn, ground 2 parts
Oats, ground 1 part
Bran y2 to 1 part
Oilmeal 1 to iy2 lbs. daily
2. Corn, ground 3 parts
Oats, ground 3 parts
Bran 1 part
Oilmeal 1 to 2 handsful
3. Corn, ground 2V2 to 3 parts
Oats, ground 2 to 2% parts
Bran 1 to iy2 parts
4. Equal parts of corn, oats and bran, with 1 to \y2 pounds of oil meal
daily. Corn and oats may be ground.
5. Corn, ground iy2 to 2 parts
Barley, ground 1 to iy2 parts
Oats, ground 2 to 2% parts
Bran \y2 to 2 parts
Oilmeal 1 to iy2 lbs. daily
To the above, add what clover or alfalfa hay the calf will eat. If
silage is available, it will be well to add about 15 pounds per day to
the above rations.
Along in April or May, it may be well to add some molasses to the
above. It should be mixed with just enough water to moisten the feed.
Never make the feed so wet as to be sloppy. This error was made by
a good many club members last year.
Winter Management
In the first place, you do not need a warm stall. Any place which is
dry and protected from the rain, wind, and snow is satisfactory. If
your calf is securing the amount of feed he should to keep him doing
his best, he will be warm enough. His stall should be heavily bedded
and cleaned out frequently, preferably every day. Bedding is cheap
and cuts down the feed bill.
A calf should have water at least twice a day, although three times
a day is better. An even better way is to have it before him at all
times.
If your calf is wild or mean, win it over by kind treatment. Let
him understand that you are his friend and won't mistreat him, and
556 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
before long he will respond to it. Perhaps one of the best ways of ac-
complishing this end is by grooming. Begin by scratching with the hand,
later using the brush, and then the comb. As soon as you have won the
confidence of your calf, get a halter on him and break him to lead. At
first, it will be well to have dad or an older brother steady you on the
halter rope, unless you are heavy enough to handle it alone. Don't let
the calf get away from you the first time, and you will not have much
trouble in breaking him. Teach him to stand squarely on all four feet
and to hold his head up well. In other words, give him a good bringing
up so he will know how to act when he gets out in company at the
county and state fairs.
Summer Management
During the summer months, when the weather is hot and the flies are
bad, the calf should be kept in a cool darkened stall during the day,
with a light blanket to further protect it from the flies. By taking some
pieces of burlap and sewing them together, a very serviceable blanket
can be made. Be sure to fasten it under the calf's body and its hind
legs, so he will not get it off. There are a number of preparations on the
market for keeping flies away. These give more or less satisfaction, but
they are not good for the calf's hide and hair, making it rough and coarse
— just what you don't want. These preparations can be used to good
advantage to spray the walls and bedding, but I would never use them
on a calf.
In the summer, when you have a day off now and then, take some
clean water and tar soap and give him a thorough washing. Wet him
down with a brush first, then lather him well, being careful to keep the
soap out of his eyes. Rub the lather in with a brush, and lather again.
After this, rinse him off with clean water, and be sure to get all of the
soap out. Finish up by rubbing the coat with your hand to get all of the
water possible out of his hair, and it will dry more quickly.
There has been a great deal of discussion the past year on the value
of pasture for baby beef calves. However, the general opinion seems
very much against this practice. I have seen personally a good number
of calves which were coming fine until they were turned on pasture,
and then they left their feed and didn't "come back" as they should have
done. There is little to be said for this system of management. If the
calves are to be turned out on pasture, they should be turned out as
soon as the pastures begin to come on and sparse pasture at that. The
less they get the better. They should be turned out at night only.
About two months before fair time, it will pay you to watch your calf's
middle. If he is getting at all paunchy and full in the middle, you will
want to cut down on the amount of the hay you are feeding. By doing
this, you can give your calf a much trimmer appearance, and, when he
is dressed out, there will be a lower percentage of waste. High dress-
ing percentage is something every feeder and packer buyer gives much
attention. The neat, trim, high dressing calf always sells higher when
he gets to market.
It is well to let your calf have all the hay he wants up to the time
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 557
mentioned, because it not only furnishes some gain, but it increases
his capacity, and makes it possible for him to handle more grain.
Whenever you have any time off, make a call on your calf and take
a brush with you. You can work wonders for his hide if you will rub
and brush him regularly and well. You will not only clean him, but
also loosen his hide and give him that good handling quality — a pliable
hide — which is so much desired by judges.
The feet should be looked after from time to time to see that they
do not grow too long. If they do, they should be cut off and the soles
trimmed down so that the calf stands squarely on all four feet.
If you have a calf with horns, keep an eye on them and see that they
do not grow too much up and out. If they have a tendency to do this,
secure a pair of horn weights, about one-half pound weights should be
heavy enough, unless the horn is very heavy, and then you may use
pound weights, and fasten them securely to the horns. See to it that
the set screw is on the back side of the horn. Care must be taken not
to leave the weights on too long, for, if they are, the horns may break
and their appearance be spoiled. A down and in-curving horn is what
is desired.
A Few Remedies for Lice and Diseases
Lice. If the calf is troubled with lice, mix up a fairly strong solution
of any standard coal tar dip, take a brush, and apply wherever the lice
are found. Repeat this treatment three or four times, at intervals of
a week or two weeks, and your calf should be rid of lice. In cold weather,
it will be better not to apply water to the hide, and to get rid of lice
at that time of year many use petrolatum, or some of the oils which are
used for medicinal purposes, such as nujol.
Another means of controlling lice is to use the following prescription:
One-third ground sabadilla seed; one-third insect powder; one-third sul-
phur. Dust on.
Warts. If your calf is troubled with warts, they can be removed by
mixing sweet oil and sulphur to form a paste and applying two or three
times a day until they drop off. Quite often warts are clipped off with
shears and the stump painted with iodine.
Pink Eye. Occasionally a calf is bothered with pink eye. This can
be controlled by having the following prescription filled by your druggist:
160 grains boric acid
16 grains zinc sulfate
Drop this in the eye twice a day and isolate him from the rest of ihe
cattle.
Some feeders buy yellow oxide of mercuric ointment for pink eye. It
comes in small tubes, and a little can be squeezed in the infected eye,
under the eyelid, twice a day. The infected animal should always be
kept from the rest of the herd, as the disease is highly infectious.
Mange. Mange is caused by a mite which operates under the skin.
It is hard to combat, but by scrubbing with soap and water, and then
applying dip or coal tar, it can be controlled quite well. Pine tar will
not control it.
Ring Worm. Ring worm comes around the eyes or muzzle. Painting
with iodine is probably the most satisfactory treatment.
55S TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
First prize Sh«
horn. Iowa State Fair. 1922. Shown by Glen Windom,
Nodaway, Adams County.
Scours. Quite often a calf will be troubled with a case of scours and
will not be well for a week or more. Most feeders cut down a bit on
the feed and some will give a calf a cupful of raw linseed oil or castor
oil. Other feeders give a bran mash — about a gallon, by measure, of
bran through which hot water has been poured.
Bloat. Sometimes calves will bloat quite badly. In this case, put a
%-inch rope or a smooth, round bit of wood in the mouth and let him
chew on it until the bloat goes down. In bad cases, it may be neeessaw
to tap the left side with a trocar and canula.
Fitting and Showing
If your animal is trained to lead and stand properly, about the only
things necessary to do before the show are to wash it. polish the horns,
see that its feet are not too long, and use the clippers.
We have already taken up washing, so we need not repeat it. Suffice
it to say that the calf should be clean.
A down and in-curving horn, which is not too long, is preferable.
About half an inch can usually be safely taken off the end of the horu
with a saw or pair of pincers, and a blunt end, which can be nicely
rounded off, is the result. To polish the horns, the, outer surface is first
rasped or filed off, then it may be scraped with a scraper or a piece
of broken glass. Be sure to scrape away from the base of the horn and
to push the hair back so that you won't cut it short. After the horn
has been scraped fairly smooth, a nice finish can be given by rubbing
PROCEEDINGS CORN BELT MEAT PRODUCERS' ASSN. 559
Three hundred and sixty-seven Baby Beeves, Iowa State Fair, 1922.
with steel wool or a fine grade of sand paper, and then polishing with
brown shoe polish, sweet oil, or something of that nature rubbed on
with a rag.
The tails of all breeds, with the exception of the Galloway, should be
clipped. The switch or brush is always left, beginning eight to ten
inches from the tip of the tail, but the tail itself is clipped to the tail
head, and if there is any long hair or signs of roughness here, it is also
clipped. The heads of Angus are clipped, in addition to the tail, but
the heads of Shorthorns, Herefords, and Galloways are never touched.
If the calf has a nice coat, it may be that you will want to curl it,
but this is a complicated operation to describe, and seeing it done is
the best way to learn.
Showing
Now it may be well to say a few words about showing. There is so
much to it that we hesitate a bit at just what to say, and what not to
say. To begin with, it is something that you will not learn in a year.
Only by long service in the show ring will you ever get to be a first
rate show man. There are, however, certain points which it may be
well to emphasize here. In the first place, the animal, of course, must
be clean. A good appearance goes a long way.
In the second place, mind your own knitting. Don't be gazing all
over the place watching the other animals. You will have plenty to do
if you keep your animal standing squarely on his feet, and head and
back well up.
In the third place, watch the judge, and don't go to sleep on the job,
so when the judge motions to lead the calves out and around you will be
on your toes and up and coming. This makes more of an impression
on the judge than it would seem to do at first glance. In the words of
the old Scotchman: "Keep one eye on the judge, and the other on
the beast."
If your calf is low or weak in the back, keep turning him around, but
560 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VII
arrange these turns when the judge isn't looking at your calf, or the calf
on either side. Remember that, if your calf doesn't lead well, you will
have just about three times the trouble with him that you would have
had otherwise.
And last, but not least, remember you are a cattleman and a gentle-
man. Always thank the man who hands you the ribbon whether you
receive first or last. If you think you might have been up a place or
two, don't crab about it. Remember that the judge has more of an op-
portunity than yourself to see all the points for or against, and take his
decision as final. Be a sport, a good loser, and, better yet, a good winner.
Feeding Pureberd Heifers
If you are feeding a heifer in a purebred club, instead of a baby beef,
you will want to feed more for growth and not quite so much for flesh.
In this case, more oats and bran and less corn should be fed in the grain
ration. The same things in starting on feed must be remembered as
with a baby beef; starting on grain slowly unless she has already been
fed grain, and gradually increasing.
If your heifer will suckle a cow, and you have one to spare, by all
means allow her to do so, and you will be surprised at the results. Re-
member that milk is the cheapest feed you can get for a young calf.
PART VIII
Annual Report of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
Bureau of 1922
CHAS. D. REED, Director
The Iowa Weather and Crop Service was established by an Act
passed by the Twenty-third General Assembly, and approved by the
Governor April 25, 1890.
The object of the Service is to co-operate with the U. S. Weather
Bureau in collecting crop statistics and meteorological data, and more
widely disseminate the weather forecasts and storm and frost
warnings for the producers and shippers of perishable products, and
to promote general knowledge of meteorological science and the
climatology of the State.
For convenient reference and comparison with past and future
years, this report contains the summaries of the weekly, monthly
and annual bulletins of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service in co-
operation with the U. S. Weather Bureau and the United States
Bureau of Agricultural Economics for the year 1922.
The regular meteorological, climatological and crop statistical
work was maintained efficiently, though under great handicap from
frequent resignation of employees, due to low salaries paid by the
Government. The Thirty-ninth General Assembly placed the
supervision of agricultural statistics collected by assessors, under
the direction of this office, but failed to provide adequate funds to
fully carry out the law for which a minimum of $10,000 was asked
to cover all salaries, special clerk hire, traveling expenses, and office
equipment, including all of the work heretofore done by county
auditors on agricultural statistics. As only $7,500 were appro-
priated, it was necessary to ask for volunteers among the auditors to
do the work without compensation. About half of them responded,
otherwise the work could not have been done. Being voluntary
work, it was done at the convenience of the auditors which caused a
delay of 30 days in publishing the statistics. However, the bulletin
containing the statistics was mailed about August 1, which is 60
36
562 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
days earlier than last year and the earliest ever mailed. Adequate
funds would hasten publication at least 30 days and bring added im-
provement from close contact with more of the assessors.
Publications were distributed as follows : Monthly Climatologi-
cal Data, about 17,000 copies; Weekly Weather-Crop Bulletins,
about 20,000; Daily Weather Forecast Cards, to 1,593 addresses. Of
the bulletin, "Iowa Monthly Crop Report," about 5,100 copies were
distributed each month. Five hundred copies of the Monthly Cli-
matological Data are distributed each month through the United
States Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, to scientific
institutions and libraries in this and foreign counties. In co-
operation with the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics, about
4,800 mimeographed copies of special monthly crop bulletins were
issued to the press.
Daily weather forecasts were distributed by telegraph at the ex-
pense of the U. S. Weather Bureau to 64 towns. From these towns
the forecasts are made available by free telephone to 38,263 rural
subscribers, and 145,801 town subscribers. Much attention was
given to accuracy and promptness in the transmission of forecasts by
telegraph and telephone.
Frost warnings are sent when necessary during the fruit bloom-
ing season to all orchardists in the State prepared to use orchard
heaters and who make application in advance for the service.
Radio telephone distribution of daily weather forecasts was begun
by the Electrical Engineering Department, Iowa State College, Ames,
Iowa early in June, 1922. Forecasts based on observations taken
throughout the United States at 7:00 a. m. (Central Standard Time)
are broadcast from Ames ( WOI) at 9 :30 a. m. and 12 :40 p. m. Fore-
casts based on similar observations at 7 :00 p. m. are broadcast at
9:30 p. m.
Forecasts are also broadcast from WOC (Davenport) at 11:00
a. m. ; 12 :30 p. m. ; and 9 :40 p. m.
WEAB (Fort Dodge) at 10:00 a. m.
WKAA (Cedar Rapids) 12:15 p. m. and 9:45 p. m.
WEAU (Sioux City) 10:15 a. m.
Special warnings are sent from various stations between 4 :00
p. m. and 5 :00 p. m. All broadcasting is done at 485 meters wave
length. Most any of the above stations can be heard anywhere in
the State by the use of audion bulb receivers ; and at a radius of 50
to 75 miles from the sending stations by the use of crystal receivers.
Increased transportation by automobile and motor truck has
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 563
created a great demand for information as to the condition of roads.
From April 1 to September 30, daily rainfall reports are tele-
graphed at the expense of the U. S. Weather Bureau from 26 Iowa
towns to the central station at Des Moines. Many local and long-
distance calls are received as to desireable detours to avoid wet
areas. A special Highway Weather Service was maintained by the
U. S. Weather Bureau Offices in Charles City and Dubuque. This
is very popular, but cannot be conducted satisfactorily without more
funds. In fact, the work was discontinued at Davenport, Des
Moines, and Sioux City because of the failure of Congress to pro-
vide adequate salaries. Frequent resignations of trained employees
made it impossible to continue this work.
CLIMATOLOGY OF THE YEAR, 1922
The year, 1922, with a mean temperature of 50.2, was next to the
warmest of the 33 years of State wide record. The average daily
excess of temperature above the normal was 2.8°. Each of the
months were above normal except July which was 2.6° below which
made the midsummer season pleasant. Of the 28 consecutive months
ending with December, 1922, 26 were above normal ; and during this
period the average daily temperature was 3.7° above normal — a
most remarkable record. Precipitation averaged 29.98 inches, or
1.99 inches below normal. Snowfall, 13.5 inches, is a new low
record for a calendar year, though the snowfall of the three
winter months of 1921-1922 was only 9.5 inches. Wind movement
averaged slightly less than normal, but unusual gales occurred on
November 5th and 30th.
Crop production was unusually good. Corn was next to the
largest crop of record, small grains were satisfactory, potatoes very
good ; apples unusually good, and other fruits above the average.
Barometer (reduced to sea level). The average pressure of the atmos-
phere for the year was 30.04 inches. The highest pressure was 30.97
inches, at Sioux City on February 28. The lowest pressure was 28.92
inches, at Des Moines, on April 8. The range for the State was 2.05
inches.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State was 50.2° or 2.8°
above normal. The highest annual mean was 54.2°, at Keokuk, Lee
County. The lowest annual mean was 46.1°, in Dickinson County near
Milford. The highest temperature reported was 104°, at Inwood, on June
23. The lowest temperature reported was -29°, at Charles City, Floyd
County, on January 6 and at Mason City, Cerro Gordo County, on January
24. The range for the State was 133°.
Precipitation. The average amount of rainfall and melted snow for
564 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
the year was 29.98 inches, or 1.99 inches less than normal, and 2.05 inches
less than the average for 1921. The greatest amount at any station was
44.20 inches, at Mt. Ayr, Ringgold County, and the least amount was
19.08 inches, in Dickinson County, near Milford. The greatest monthly
precipitation was 11.72 inches, at Mt. Ayr, Ringgold County, in July. The
least amount was a trace at Cumberland, Glenwood, Harlan, and Thur-
man in southwest Iowa, in December. The greatest amount in any 24 con-
secutive hours was 5.83 inches, at Atlantic on August 30. Measurable
precipitation occurred on ah average of 84 days, 2 days less than in 1921
and one day less than normal.
Snowfall. The average amount of snowfall was 13.5 inches. The
greatest amount reported from any station was 38.9 inches at Sioux
Center, Sioux County, and the least amount was 2.0 inches at Bonaparte,
Van Buren County. The greatest monthly snowfall was 23.0 inches at
Rockwell City, Calhoun County, in January.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the south. The
highest velocity reported was 67 miles an hour from the south at Sioux
City, Woodbury County, on June 8.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average number of clear days was 1S7;
partly cloudy, 89; cloudy, 89; as against 171 clear, 99 partly cloudy, and
95 cloudy days in 1921. The average percentage of the possible amount
of sunshine was 62 or about 1 per cent more than the normal.
MONTHLY SUMMARIES
JANUARY
January as a whole was a pleasant month, though subject to an unusual
number of fluctuations above and below the normal, and there were some
great extremes in temperatue, particularly on the 6th, when the minimum
temperature ranged from 29 degrees below zero at Charles City to 11
above at Keokuk. The mean temperature averaged somewhat above nor-
mal, with an excess at every station except Mason City, and the mean was
least over northern districts, where the ground was snow covered the en-
tire month, except the first three days, and gradually increased to the
south where the ground was covere-d on an average of less than 10 days.
Zero weather was reported throughout the State except a small area along
the Mississippi River in the extreme southeast corner.
Precipitation averaged slightly below normal, being slightly above
normal over the northern division and somewhat below in the central and
southern divisions. More than 75 per cent of the monthly total occurred
during the storm of the 4th-5th, which was in the form of snow over the
northern half of the State and rain over the southern half. The snow-
fall during this storm ranged as high as 14 inches and in sections drifted
enough to interfere with wagon and automobile traffic but not enough to
seriously delay rail traffic. Over the southern division and portions of
the central division the precipitation in this storm was in the form of
rain, which froze to all exposed surfaces. This general icy condition con-
tinued for several days, and in protected places, till the close of the
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 565
month. Conditions were generally favorable for the usual outdoor activ-
ities and considerable building was in progress which was interrupted for
but short intervals. There was sufficient cold weather to make ice of the
desired thickness and by the close of the month a good harvest had been
complete-d under the most favorable conditions. The lack of snow cover,
the icy condition that followed the storm of the 4th-5th, and the alternate
freezing and thawing, later, are thought to have seriously injured winter
wheat and young clover over the southern and portions of the central divi-
sions. At the end of the month more than half the State was without
snow. Roads were in good condition, with sleighing nearly the entire
month over the northern division. The health of stock continued good.
Pressure. The mean temperature (reduced to sea level) for the State
was 30.20 inches. The highest recorded was 30.95 inches, at Dubuque, on
the 23rd and the lowest was 29.44 inches at Davenport, on the 4th. The
monthly range was 1.51 inches.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 97 stations, was 19.8°, or 1.9° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 15.6°, or 1.0° higher than the normal; Central, 20.5°,
or 2.3° higher than normal; Central, 20.5°, or 2.3° higher than normal;
Southern, 23.4°, or 2.5° higher than the normal. The highest monthly
mean 25.8° at Centerville, and the lowest monthly mean 13.2° at Charles
City. The highest temperature reported was 61°, at Harlan, on the 1st,
and the lowest was 29° at Charles City on the 6th and Mason City on the
24th. The temperature range for the State was 90°.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
80 per cent and at 7 p. m. was 69 per cent. The mean for the month was 74
per cent, which is 8 per cent below the normal. The highest monthly
mean was 87 per cent, at Charles City, and the lowest was 66 per cent, at
Keokuk.
Precipitation. The average precipatation for the State, as shown by the
records of 98 stations, was 0.89 inch, or 0.16 inch less than normal. By
divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 0.88 inch, or 0.04 inch
more than normal; Central, 0.88 inch, or 0.23 inch less than the normal;
Southern, 0.92 inch, or 0.27 inch less than the normal. The greatest
amount, 2.30 inches, occurred at Rockwell City, and the least, 0.32 inch, at
Postville. The greatest amount in any 24 consecutive hours, 1.80 inches,
occurred at Mason City, on the 4th.
Snowfall. The average snowfall for the State was 5.3 inches, or 1.6
inches less than the normal. The greatest amount, 23.0 inches, occurred
at Rockwell City, and the least a trace at Chariton and Pella.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the southeast.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau Station
was at the rate of 47 miles per hour, from the northwest, at Sioux City on
the 4th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 63, or 13 per cent more than the normal. The per cent of
the possible amounts at the several Weather Bureau Stations was as fol-
566
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
lows: Charles City, 43; Davenport, 72; Des Moines, 64; Dubuque, 67;
Keokuk, 72; Sioux City, 55; Omaha, Neb., 68.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Aurora: 5th, 6th, 24th. Fog, dense: 4th,
10th, 12th, 16th, 21st, 28th, 30th, 31st. Hail: 4th, 31st. Halos (Lunar or
Solar) : 4th, 8th, 10th 11th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 29th. Parhelia: 5th, 19th.
Sleet: 3d, 4th, 14th, 29th, 30th, 31st. Thunderstorms: 4th, 5th.
Rivers. Low to moderate stages prevailed on the Missouri River, with
considerable fluctuation due to ice gorges. Low and nearly stationary
stages prevailed on the Mississippi and all interior rivers during the entire
month. The ice on the Mississippi and interior rivers increased gradually
till the end of the month.
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— JANUARY
Temperature
Precipitation
Number of
Days
og
3
TEAR
ti
3
o
"c3
I
C3
+3
O
c3
CO
"3
t-i
03
O
>>
-a
a
ft
em
ft
<*>
C3
o
— .2
(-<
o
r3
a
W
C
Hi
&
3
a
>
0
:3
5
1890
19.7
+1.8
61
—27
2.03
+0.98
3.46
0.35
--
1891
26.0
+8.1
58
— 4
1.75
+0.70
3.99
0.61
~13
T
"ii
1892
15.3
—2.6
76
—38
1.09
+ 0.04
3.13
0.10
6.9
5
16
9
6
1893
9.3
—8.6
54
—34
0.74
—0.31
3.20
0.13
6.9
6
11
9
n
1894
19.3
+1.4
69
—37
1.09
+0.04
2.24
0.31
6.0
5
14
9
8
1895
13.6
—4.3
68
—31
0.85
—0.20
2.65
0.09
8.7
4
15
7
9
1896
23.4
+5.5
68
—20
0.48
—0.57
2.10
T.
2.8
3
10
10
11
1897
17.2
—0.7
66
—30
2.01
+0.96
6.16
0.15
8.2
7
12
7
12
1898
23.4
+5.5
52
—11
1.60
+0.55
5.32
T.
12.6
5
15
6
10
1899
19.8
25.6
+1.9
+7.7
68
66
—34
—20
0.28
0.53
—0.77
—0.52
1.15
2.47
T.
T.
1.5
2.3
3
3
15
16
10
7
6
1900
8
1901
23.7
+5.8
60
—21
0.74
—0.31
2.34
0.04
6.2
4
14
9
8
1902
22.4
+4.5
63
—31
0.88
—0.17
2.83
0.19
9.4
4
17
8
6
1903
23.0
+5.1
60
-12
0.28
—0.77
1.46
T.
2.0
4
13
7
11
1904
14.0
—3.9
57
—32
1.18
+0.13
3.68
0.02
6.1
6
12
8
11
1905
11.2
24.6
-6.7
+6.7
56
—30
—19
0.91
1.52
—0.14
+0.47
1.82
4.71
0.12
0.28
11.1
11.3
7
5
14
14
7
6
10
1906
11
1907
18.8
+0.9
68
—22
1.52
+0.47
5.30
0.10
6.0
7
8
7
16
1908
24.9
+7.0
60
—18
0.44
—0.61
1.50
0.06
4.6
2
17
8
6
1909
21.2
+3.3
72
—25
1.66
+ 0.61
3.74
0.41
7.8
6
9
6
16
1910
18.1
+0.2
56
—35
1.57
+0.52
3.15
0.55
12.6
6
13
7
11
1911
20.2
+2.3
66
—35
0.97
— O.08
3.73
0.11
7.3
5
9
8
14
1912
4.2
-13.7
49
—47
0.53
—0.52
1.90
T.
5.5
5
14
7
10
1913. .
20.9
+3.0
62
—25
0.77
—0.28
2.05
0.04
7.2
5
14
9
8
1914
27.8
+9.9
64
—10
0.88
—0.17
2.34
0.27
5.1
5
11
8
12
1915
17.5
—0.4
59
—32
1.63
+0.58
3.15
0.10
7.3
8
13
8
10
1916
17.8
—0.1
63
—34
2.62
+1.57
6.07
0.85
7.2
10
12
6
13
1917
17.0
—0.9
60
—28
0.83
—0.22
2.07
0.17
7.2
4
17
8
6
1918
8.6
—9.3
53
—35
1.02
—O.03
2.79
0.26
11.2
7
13
8
10
1919
26.8
+8.9
64
—32
0.24
—0.81
0.86
T.
2.8
2
20
5
6
1920..
16.7
—1.2
58
—26
0.42
—0.63
1.05
T.
4.6
4
12
8
11
1921
28.4
+10.5
67
— 9
0.51
—0.54
1.92
0.10
4.1
4
11
7
13
1922
19.8
+ 1.9
57
—29
0.89
—0.16
2.30
0.32
5.3
4
17
6
8
T. indicates an amount too small
tion and less than .05 inch snowfall.
to measure, or less than .005 inch precipita-
FEBRUARY
February, like January, was subject to a large number of sudden
temperature changes, but on the whole a very pleasant month with no
periods of cold weather of long duration. The temperature averaged
above normal except over a small area in the northwest corner and the
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 567
departures increased uniformly to the south and southeast, the greater
departures in the south being due principally to a storm that crossed the
State on the 22d, which gave usually high temperatures over all the south-
ern division and much of the central, while over a large portion of the
northern division the maximum did not go much above freezing.
The prec-pitation averaged above normal over all divisions, though
there was a deficiency over about half of the central and southern divi-
sions. Most of the precipitation occurred from the 21st to the 23d, in
connection with the storm that crossed the State on the 22d. Over a large
area in the northeast portion the precipitation was excessive and as a
result the worst flood ever experienced this early in the season occurred.
The storm was accompanied by severe thunderstorms generally through-
out the State and there was cons'derable loss to stock and buildings from
lightning, but the greatest damage was due to floods, which affected most
of the northeast section, being especially severe in Allamakee, Clayton,
Winneshiek, Fayette, Bremer and Delaware counties. Over practically
all of this area unusually heavy rainfall occurred, and, owing to the frozen
condition of the ground, all the water soon found its way to the streams,
which were soon out of banks, and many miles of roads and railroads were
covered with from three to five feet of water. All railroads were damaged
by having bridges washed out and road beds injured, but the Chicago,
Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad from West Union to Turkey River Junc-
tion was hardest hit, and the stage at points along the Turkey River was
the highest ever known. Over this strip 24 railroad bridges were washed
out and several miles of track was washed away, and it was necessary to
suspend railroad traffic for 10 days. No railroad in the flooded area was
able to maintain schedules. Many families were forced to vacate their
homes and in Independence 10 blocks were flooded. There was also con-
siderable damage from ice, as the storm terminated in a glaze storm, and
as a result telephone, telegraph and electric wires were put out of com-
mission and industries that depended on electric current for power were
forced to suspend till the damage could be repaired and many homes had
to resort to primitive lighting methods. Many valuable fruit and shade
trees were ruined by the weight of the ice.
The snowfall was the least ever recorded in February since records
have been kept, the average for the State being but 1.3 inches, and
many stations reported no snow whatever, and there was less snow cover
than in any previous February. In the winter wheat section there was
practically no snow protection during the entire month, but the injury
from freezing was apparently less than could be expected under the cir-
cumstances. Clover was injured somewhat in some of the northern
counties.
The weather was generally favorable for the outdoor activities. Roads
were unusually good for the season with very little sleighing except in
the extreme northern portion, and until the general storm of the 21st-23rd,
many roads in the southern and central divisions were dusty.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
30.14 inches. The highest recorded was 30.97 inches, at Sioux City on the
28th, and the lowest was 29.24 inches, at Charles City, on the 1st. The
monthly range was 1.73 inches.
568 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the rec-
ords of 96 stations, was 23.7°, or 3.2° higher than normal. By divisions,
three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as follows: North-
ern, 18.4°, or 1.3° higher than the normal; Central 24.7°, or 4.0° higher
than the normal; Southern, 28.0°, or 4.4° higher than the normal. The
highest monthly mean was 31.3°, at Burlington, and the lowest 14.8°, at
Rock Rapids The highest temperature reported was 70°, at Clarinda and
Mt. Ayr, on the 21st, and the lowest was -20°, at Inwood, on the 13th. The
temperature range for the State was 90°.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
79 per cent, and at 7 p. m. it was 66 per cent. The mean for the month
was 72 per cent, or 8 per cent lower than the normal. The highest monthly
mean was 85 per cent, at Charles City, and the lowest was 66 per cent, at
Keokuk.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by the
records of 97 stations, was 1.59 inches, or 0.44 inch greater than the nor-
mal. By divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 1.96 inches, or
1.05 inches more than the normal; Central, 1.43 inches, or 0.23 inch more
than the normal; Southern, 1.39 inches, or 0.04 inch more than the normal.
The greatest amount, 4.56 inches, occurred at Fayette, and the least.
0.40 inch at Spencer. The greatest amount in any 24 hours, 3.20 inches,
occurred at Fayette, on the 21st-22d.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the northwest.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau Station was
55 miles per hour, from the west, at Sioux City, on the 1st.
Snowfall. The average snowfall for the State was 1.3 inches, or 6.1
inches less than normal. The greatest amount, 7.4 inches, occurred at
Rock Rapids, and there were 21 stations that reported only traces, and 10
stations no snow whatever. The snowfall for the State was the least
ever recorded, being just half of the least amount previously recorded,
which was in 1902.
Rivers. Low and nearly stationary stages prevailed on the Mississippi
and interior rivers until after the general storm of the 21st-22nd, when a
sharp rise occurred in the Mississippi and a high stage continued through
the rest of the month. Ice gorges caused local floods on many interior
rivers and bridges were threatened by ice jams which had to be dyna-
mited. In the northeast portion of the State high water and ice caused
great damage. Low and nearly stationary stages prevailed on the M:ss-
ouri the entire month.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 65, or 9 per cent more than the normal. The per cent of
the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau Stations was as fol-
lows: Charles City, 46; Davenport, 63; Des Moines, 73; Dubuque, 64:
Keokuk, 68; Sioux City, 67; Omaha, Nebr., 73.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Aurora: 12th, 14th.. Birds (migration of ) :
Columbus Junction, robins, 16th; Earlham, blue birds, 21st, black birds,
22d. Fog: 1st, 9th, 19th, 21st, 22d. Hail: 1st, 21st, 22d, 23d. Halos (lunar
and solar) : 4th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 17th, 22d, 23d, 26th
27th, 28th. Meteor: 12th. Sleet: 1st, 4th, 5th, 18th, 21st, 22d, 23d, 26th,
27th. Thunderstorm: 19th, 21st, 22d.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
569
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— FEBRUARY.
YEAR
Temperature
Precipitation
Number of
Days
1890
26.0
+5.5
1891
19.4
—1.1
1892
28.1
+7.6
1893
16.4
19.7
—4.1
—0.8
1894
1895
16.4
—4.1
1896
27.4
+6.9
1897
24.7
24.2
+4.2
+3.7
1898
1899 _-_
12.2
—8.3
1900
14.8
—5.7
1901
17.5
—3.0 :
1902...
17.6
—2.9
1908
19.8
—0.7
1904
14.8
—5.7
1905
12.8
23.6
—7.7
+3.1
19f)fi
1907
25.0
+ 4.5
1908
24.3
+3.8
1909
26.2
+5.7
1910
17.8
27.3
18.1
—2.7
+6.8
—2.4
1911
1912
1913
20.2
—0.3
1914
16.8
29.1
-3.7 i
+8.6
1915
1916
19.0
—1.5
1917
15.2
—5.3
1918
23.0
+2.5
1919
24.9
+4.4
1920...
24.0
+3.5
1921
31.0
+10.5
1922
23.7
+ 3.2
67 —24
70 — 31
68 —20
60 —28
60 j— 19
73 —33
78 —13
61 —24
62 —18
75 j— 40
60 —27
49 —21
62 1—21
56 —21
70 —26
69 —41
66 —32
65 —31
59 —16
62 —26
58 —21
71 —13
57 —30
70 —24
59 —29
62 I— 8
62 —32
65 —16
59 —22
76—5
70 —20
0.83
1.16
1.20
1.39
0.89
0.49
0.71
0.89
1.20
0.89
1.30
1.01
0.73
1.18
0.41
1.57
1.29
0.71
1.69
1.54
0.46
2.76
1.21
0.82
0.87
2.93
0.55
0.36
0.95
2.42
0.56
0.77
1.59
—0.32
+0.01
+0.05
+0.24
—0.26
—0.66
—0.44
—0.26
+0.05
—0.26
+0.15
—0.14
—0.42
+0.03
—0.74
+0.42
+0.14
—0.44
+ 0.54
+0.39
-0.69
+ 1.61
+0.06
—0.33
—0.28
+1.78
—0.60
—0.79
—0.20
+ 1.27
—0.59
—0.38
+0.44
2.18
2.41
2.18
2.91
2.41
1.34
2.40
1.81
3.65
4.32
4.57
3.00
2.39
3.25
1.99
2.97
2.91
1.95
3.95
4.72
2.09
5.46
3.25
2.39
1.99
5.39
1.38
1.19
2.10
4.12
1.75
2.00
4.56
0.11
0.55
0.12
0.06
T.
0.02
0.04
0.22
0.10
0.12
0.18
0.12
0.02
0.30
T.
0.44
0.20
0.06
0.23
0.30
T.
0.50
0.04
0.07
0.32
0.43
0.05
T.
0.09
1.32
0.04
T.
0.40
5.0
8.1
8.4
3.3
5.4
8.0
7.8
7.1
9.9
9.7
2.6
7.9
4.5
15.5
6.1
4.6
8.9
7.7
4.0
7.0
11.2
7.3
9.2
9.4
6.0
3.5
6.0
9.9
4.1
6.5
1.3
10
5
11
6
3
14
8
6
12
6
5
10
9
4
14
7
6
10
9
9
9
5
4
14
8
3
14
8
5
14
7
8
11
5
5
9
6
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or less than .005 inch precipita-
tion and less than .05 inch snowfall.
THE WINTER OF 1921-1922.
The mean temperature for the three winter months was 23.9°, which is
3.1° above the normal for the State, and 4.7° lower than the mean for
1920-1921, which was the warmest winter ever recorded in the State.
The highest temperature reported was 70°, at Clarinda and Mt Ayr, on
February 21st. The lowest temperature reported was -29°, at Charles
City, on January 6th, and Mason City, on January 24th.
The average monthly precipitation for the State was 1.17 inches and the
average total precipitation was 3.50 inches or, 0.08 inch more than the
winter normal. The average total snowfall, unmelted, was 9.5 inches, the
least ever recorded, which is 11.0 inches below the normal, and 8.5 inches
less than the winter of 1920-1921. The least ever recorded heretofore
was 12.0 inches, during the winter of 1906-1907.
The total number of days with .01 inch or more of precipitation was
13, or 1 less than the winter of 1920-1921. The average number of clear
days was 45; partly cloudy, 22; cloudy, 23, as compared with 34 clear
days, 22 party cloudy days and 34 cloudy days during the winter of
1920-1921. '
570 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
MARCH
The mild weather that prevailed throughout the winter continued
during March and the usual features that characterize this month were
lacking. Several storms of more than ordinary severity passed near the
limits of the State, but they were generally accompanied by very little
wind and less rain and snow than usual. The exception was the storm
that passed immediately south of the State on the 19th, and the only
damage of consequence reported occurred during the passage of this
storm, which crippled telephone and telegraph service in the central and
west-central portions' of the State. It was necessary to route telegrams
between Des Moines and Omaha in a roundabout way and telephone serv-
ice was entirely suspended until the broken poles and wires could be re-
placed.
The temperature averaged 5.0° above normal, which is the greatest
excess since the present series of months with the temperature above
normal began in December. The month opened cold and the lowest tem-
perature generally occurred en the 2d, with a minimum of zero, or lower,
over most of the northern division and slightly above zero over the cen-
tral and southern divisions. The temperature rose above normal on the
3d, and except on an occassional day, continued above normal till the 26th,
when a moderately cold period set in and the rest of the month was
slightly below normal.
The precipitation for the State was slightly above normal and was more
uniform both as to distribution and the time of occurrence than usual, but
over the greater portion of the State more than half of the monthly total
occurred during the storm of the 18th-19th.
The general weather conditions were favorable for plant development,
but farm work was somewhat retarded on account of the soil being too
wet to work and at the end of the month no spring seeding had been done
except in a few small, scattered areas. Fruit buds had not developed as
far as usual and at the end of the month all buds were apparently un-
injured. Winter wheat and grass were making good growth and it will
be necessary to plow up very little winter wheat. Building operations
made an active start under very favorable conditions.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
30.04 inches. The highest recorded was 30.81 inches, at Sioux City on the
1st, and the lowest 29.26 inches, at Charles City, on the 6th.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 98 stations, was 38.3°, or 5.0° above the normal. By divisions,
three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as follows: North-
ern, 35.8°, or 5.3° higher than normal; Central, 38.8°, or 5.3° higher than
normal; Southern, 40.4°, or 4.5° higher than the normal. The highest
monthly mean was 43.6°, at Fairport, and the lowest monthly mean was
33.6°, at Milford. The highest temperature reported was 74°, at Burling-
ton, on the 23d, and the lowest was -5°, at Fayette, on the 2d. The tem-
perature range for the State was 79°.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7. a. m.
was 81 per cent, and at 7 p. m. it was 68 per cent. The mean for the
month was 74 per cent, which is practically normal. The highest monthly
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 571
mean was 81 per cent, at Charles City, and the lowest was 72 per cent, at
Sioux City.
Snoiv. The average snowfall for the State was 3.0 inches, or 2.3 inches
less than the normal. The greatest amount, 9.0 inches occurred at Alta,
and the least, a trace, at Bonaparte, Corning and Pella.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by the
records of 101 stations, was 1.97 inches, or 0.20 inch more than the nor-
mal. By divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 1.39 inches, or
0.14 inch less than the normal; Central 2.00 inches, or 0.13 inch less than
the normal; Southern, 2.52 inches, or 0.60 inch less than the normal. The
greatest amount, 3.73 inches, occurred at Chariton, and the least, 0.76
inch, at Independence and Spencer. The greatest amount in any 24 con-
secutive hours, 2.18 inches, occurred at Belle Pla.ne on the 19th.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the southeast.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau Station was
at the rate of 46 miles per hour, from the northwest, at Sioux City on the
25th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 49, or 9 per cent less than the normal. The per cent of
the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau Stations was as fol-
lows: Charles City, 46; Davenport, 42; Des Moines, 46; Dubuque, 47;
Keokuk, 45; Sioux City, 55; Omaha, Nebr., 62.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Aurora: 1st, 13th, 14th. Birds (migration
of): Alton, meadow larks, 12th, robins, 13th; Corydon, robins, 5th, blue
birds, 13th, black birds, 23d; Jefferson, meadow larks and robins, 4th;
Nora Springs, robins 21st; Oskaloosa, blue birds and robins, 4th; Poca-
hontas, meadow larks, 3d, robins, 17th. Fog: 3d, 6th, 7th, 19th, 24th, 27th,
30th. Hail: 10th, 14th, 18th, 19th, 24th, 25th. Halos (lunar and solar):
2d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 9th, 10th, 12th, 14th, 25th. Parhelia: 10th, 13th. Sleet:
6th, 9th, 17th, 18th, 20th, 25th 28th 29th 31st. Thunderstorms: 6th, 10th,
18th, 19th, 23d, 24th, 25th.
Rivers. Moderate stages with a general rising tendency prevailed on
the Mississippi River and most interior streams with the crest stages
after the general rains on the 18th-19th. The Missouri was subject to
numerous fluctuations with a sharp r'se at the beginning of the third week.
The ice moved out of the upper reaches of the Mississippi River on the
6th and on the 13th ice in the Missouri broke up doing very little damage.
572
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— MARCH.
YEAB
Temperature
Precipitation
Number of
Days
!=• «
• o
D
s
n^S
O
a
3
S3
CD
•4J
I
«
3
u
C8
00
+J
c3
Go
ol
£
a.
to
P.
C3
O
*- C
s
W
^
H
s
a
3
H
(72
£~
s
Pn
1890.
1891.
1892-
1893-
1894.
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903-
1904.
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910-
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922.
28.0
—5.3
75
—24
26.8
—6.5
66
—19
31.9
—1.4
84
— 6
31.8
—1.5
84
— 8
41.0
+7.7
84
— 5
34.4
+1.1
94
—11
30.9
—2.4
81
— 1:
32.0
—1.3
72
-2:-l
37.5
+4.2
72
— &
23.0
-10.3
75
-li
30.7
—2.6
81
-i:
34.2
+ 0.9
76
39.1
+5.8
79
-l
38.8
+5.5
82
«
34.8
+1.5
78
41.5
+8.2
84
27.1
—6.2
65
-l
40.6
+7.3
92
37.9
+ 4.6
85
— .
32.5
—0.8
71
— l.
48.9
+16.6
92
-it
39.4
+6.1
83
24.9
—8.4
70
—li
31.9
—1.4
78
—23
34.7
+1.4
78
— :
29.3
—4.0
61
—5
35.2
+ 1.9
80
—18
34.6
+1.3
85
—12
42.9
+9.6
85
0
37.5
+4.2
78
—11
38.0
+4.7
80
—21
42.8
4-9.5
86
4
38.3
+5.0
74
— 5
1.57
2.60
2.22
2.14
2.03
0.83
1.10
2.39
1.94
1.62
2.06
2.64
1.45
1.38
2.18
2.04
2.34
1.35
1.58
1.53
9.17
0.93
2.01
2.48
1.69
0.96
1.57
1.84
0.63
2.33
3.02
1.57
1.97
—0.20
3.67
+0.83
4.58
+0.45
4.58
+0.37
4.40
+0.26
4.52
—0.94
2.60
—0.67
3.99
+ 0.62
6.16
+0.17
6.21
—0.15
5.90
+0.29
5.15
+0.87
5.25
-0.32
4.33
—0.39
3.90
+ 0.41
4.57
+0.27
3.70
+0.57
4.55
—0.42
5.05
—0.19
3.74
-0.24
5.00
—1.60
1.37
—0.84
4.84
+0.24
5.25
+0.71
5.88
—0.08
3.84
—0.81
2.12
—0.20
5.80
+0.07
4.35
—1.14
2.12
+0.56
5.40
+ 1.25
5.70
—0.20
6.62
+0.20
3.73
0.32
1.33
0.57
0.64
0.26
0.22
0.16
0.29
0.33
0.37 i
0.45 !
0.70 j
0.13 |
0.15 I
0.50 I
0.89 |
0.58
0.23
0.45
0.28
0.00
T.
0.60
0.74
0.28 !
0.17
0.23
0.57 I
0.03
0.81 !
0.47
0.17
0.76
I 10
3.9 6
4.0 8
2.7 6
2.9 4
5.4 5
5.5 8
3.7 6
12.6
1.3
3.9
4.4
4.1
8.9
4.1
1.1
19.1
5.3
1.8
8.8
2.9
6.2
2.6
1.1
2.4
0.2
3.4
6
11
9
1 13
16
12
9
12
7
12
10
9
11
8
8
8
14
13
12
23
16
15
11
12
6 11
6 I 14
3 19
6 15
7 15
7 14
7 12
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or less than .005 inch precipita-
tion and less than .05 inch snowfall.
APRIL
Nearly normal conditions prevailed during April, though both tempera-
ture and precipitation showed a slight excess. The temperature excess
was general and uniform throughout the State except in the northeastern
and south central portions where small areas showed a slight deficiency.
The first nine days of the month were warm and in this period most of the
excess occurred. During the rest of the month temperature changes were
frequent, though not decided, with cool weather predominating. Frosts
were general over the greater portion of the State as late as the 29th, but
as vegetation had been retarded in growth the last two weeks very little
damage resulted from frosts and it was thought that all fruit buds were
uninjured at the end of the month, except possibly strawberries sustained
slight damage in the south central portion.
The precipitation was below normal over most of the southern division,
the extreme northwest and most of the counties bordering the Mississippi
River. Most of the precipitation occurred during the first eleven days,
when showers occurred almost daily, and as a result very little farm work
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 573
was accomplished in this period and the seeding of oats was delayed.
After the eleventh only two shower periods occurred in connection with
the relative strong winds that prevailed the greater portion of the time.
the soil dried rapidly and caused a great deal of oats to fail to germinate
or resulted in a very poor stand. At the end of the month many fields in
the drier western sections that were intended for oats were being pre-
pared for corn.
Many storms occurred throughout the State, especially during the first
eleven days. On the evening of the 6th, shortly after 8 p. m. a tornado
developed in the eastern portion of Dallas County and its influence was felt
in Polk, Boone and Story Counties, but the greatest damage occurred in
the northeast corner of Dallas County and the northwest corner of Polk
County. The storm originated near Moran and moved in a generally
northeasterly direction but the actual path was somewhat zigzag and the
tail of the funnel did not reach the earth at all points in its course. Five
farms were directly in its path. Two dwellings were partially destroyed,
resulting in the death of one woman and the injury of eleven people.
The loss to farm buildings was heavy, many being completely destroyed
and the contents scattered in all directions. The loss to buildings, stored
grain and stock was estimated at $200,000. On the same afternoon severe
hail storms occurred at many places in the western portion of the State,
the damage being particularly heavy to greenhouses in Council Bluffs
and it was estimated that the damage to glass and hothouse plants
amounted to .$100,000. On the 11th there appeared to be several tornadoes
in the southwestern portion of the State that were accompanied by severe
hail, the greatest damage being confined to Adams, Taylor and Ringgold
Counties. Many buildings were destroyed and many fruit trees and tele-
phone poles broken down. No human lives were lost but the loss to stock
was heavy. Horses were killed by buildings collapsing, and hogs and
chickens were killed by hail stones which were as large as hen's eggs,
and a stone in the shape of a disk was reported seven inches long and
three inches wide. The northwestern portion of the State was visited by a
heavy, wet snow on the 11th, that broke down trees and completely
wrecked telephone and telegraph lines.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
30.00 inches. The highest recorded was 30.58 inches, at Davenport, on the
28th, and the lowest was 28.92 inches, at Des Moines, on the 8th. The
monthly range was 1.66 inches.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 98 stations, was 49.9°, or 1.2° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows Northern, 47.5°, or 0.8° higher than the normal; Central, 50.4°, or
1.5° higher than the normal; Southern, 51.8°, or 12° higher than the
normal. The highest monthly mean was 53.8° at Keokuk, and the lowest
was 45.2° at Northwood. The highest temperature reported was 87° at
Thurman, on the 6th, and the lowest was 21° at Boone, on the 1st. The
temperature range for the State was 65°.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
79 per cent, and at 7 p. m. it was 59 per cent. The mean for the month
574 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
was 69 per cent, which is 3 per cent more than the normal. The highest
monthly mean was 76 per cent at Charles City, and the lowest was 64 per
cent at Sioux City.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by
the records of 100 stations, was 3.06 inches, or 0.20 inch more than the
normal. By divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 3.25 inches,
or 0.57 inch more than the normal; Central, 3.30 inches, or 0.44 inch more
than the normal; Southern, 2.63 inches, or 0.42 inch less than the normal.
The greatest amount, 6.70 inches occurred at Algona, the least 1.04 inches,
occurred at Inwood. The greatest amount in any 24 consecutive hours,
3.72 inches, occurred at Algona, on the 11th.
Snow. The average snowfall for the State was 1.0 inch, or 0.8 inch less
than the normal. Practically all the snow occurred in the northwest por-
tion of the State on the 11th, and only a few stations in the central and
southern division reported more than a trace. The greatest fall reported
was 10.0 inches at Spencer.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 53, or 7 per cent less than the normal. The per cent of
the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau Stations was as fol-
lows: Charles City, 48; Davenport, 45; Des Moines, 52; Dubuque, 48;
Keokuk, 55; Sioux City, 53; Omaha, Neb., 67.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Aurora: 21st, 22d. Fog: 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th,
7th, 8th, 10th, 24th, 25th. Hail: 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th,
16th, 17th. Halos (lunar and solar) : 1st, 3d, 13th, 14th, 21st, 23d, 26th, 27th,
28th. Sleet: 10th, 11th, 13th, 17th. Thunderstorms: 3d, 6th, 7th, 8th,
10th, 11th, 12th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 24th. Tornado: 6th, 11th.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the southeast.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau Station was
at the rate of 55 miles per hour, from the northwest, at Sioux City, on the
19th.
Rivers. High stages prevailed on all rivers the greater part of the
month, but the flood stage was not reached except on the Mississippi
River, where one of the worst floods in the history of the State occurred.
The flood was caused principally from the discharge of streams in Wiscon-
sin and Minnesota.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
575
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— APRIL.
TEAR
Temperature
I a
Precipitation
Number of
Days
o £
' o
<u 9
O
en
a
CJ
>.
>»
c3
o
£ a
M
A
a
CO
£*
5
Pn
s
1S92
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898 .-
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
51.8
50.6
45.4
45.5
51.7
54.2
54.5
47.9
48.1
48.9
52.2
49.9
48.2
49.8
44.1
47.5
52.5
41.5
50.5
43.8
52.5
46.7
49.9
50.2
48.6
57.2
47.1
45.5
44.8
48.4
42.4
52.4
49.9
+ 3.1
88
2
1.80
—1.06
4.46
+ 1.9
93
13
2.15
—0.71
5.06
— 3.3
88
14
4.75
+1.89
8.38
— 3.2
96
15
4.21
+1.35
8.51
+ 3.0
93
12
3.07
+0.21
6.91
+ 5.5
98
8
2.62
—0.24
5.88
+ 5.8
94
10
5.02
+ 2.16
9.67
— 0.8
89
19
5.35
+2.49
9.86
— 0.6
91
14
2.56
—0.30
4.82
-f 0.2
89
1
2.40
—0.46
5.76
+ 3.5
89
19
2.67
—0.19
6.62
-)- 1.2
92
15
1.79
—1.07
3.47
- 0.5
96
9
1.71
—1.15
4.15
+ 1.1
86
17
2.98
+0.12
6.00
— 4.6
86
13
3.63
+0.77
8.97
— 1.2
90
10
3.03
+0.17
5.49
+ 3.8
94
22
2.42
—0.44
5.55
— 7.2
80
10
1.32
—1.54
3.22
+ 1.8
91
8
2.24
—0.62
4.59
— 4.9
86
14
4.58
+ 1.72
9.43
+ 3.8
99
15
1.48
—1.38
4.86
— 2.0
86
3
3.09
+0.23
6.04
+ 1.2
84
20
2.66
—0.20
5.66
+ 1.5
88
16
3.28
+0.42
7.43
— 0.1
88
11
2.52
—0.34
5.03
+ 8.5
95
18
1.41
—1.45
4.02
— 1.6
90
11
2.62
—0.24
5.92
— 3.2
88
17
4.55
+ 1.69
7.84
— 3.9
79
12
2.32
—0.54
4.20
— 0.3
81
20
4.78
+ 1.92
9.00
--6.3
78
22
4.59
+1.73
7.13
+ 3.7
88
14
3.34
+0.48
6.69
+ 1.2
87
21
3.06
+0.20
6.70
0.38
0.59
2.43
1.24
0.55
0.28
2.35
2.22
0.27
0.56
0.43
0.66
0.40
0.74
1.52
0.63
0.53
0.24
0.67
0.83
0.10
1.33
0.78
1.12
0.37
0.05
1.13
2.C5
1.01
1.94
1.93
0.99
1.04
6
14
9
8
14
7
5.7
9
8
9
6.0
10
8
9
0.2
9
11
11
2.1
5
14
8
4.5
11
11
10
T.
11
9
9
T.
8
13
9
2.0
7
12
11
0.9
6
12
9
2.0
5
14
8
T.
5
14
11
0.8
9
11
9
1.4
7
15
6
1.2
8
12
8
0.6
8
14
9
2.7
6
12
8
0.3
8
14
8
3.1
12
9
9
3.0
7
14
7
3.6
9
11
8
1.1
8
13
8
2.7
9
15
5
0.3
8
10
8
T.
7
15
10
1.1
10
10
9
3.8
11
9
7
3.5
9
12
8
0.7
14
8
8
2.0
12
8
9
3.6
10
13
7
1.0
9
11
9
T. indicates an amount too small
and less than .05 inch snowfall.
to measure, or less than .005 inch rainfall
report on Mississippi river flood of april, 1922,
dubuque district.
By Thomas A. Blair, Meteorologist.
Weather Bureau Office, Dubuque, Iowa, May 11, 1922.
Warm weather during the latter half of March over the drainage area
of the Mississippi River above Dubuque, particularly in Minnesota and
Wisconsin, had resulted in considerable run-off, raising the Mississippi
and its tributaries above- Dubuque to rather high levels. There followed
during the first ten days of April frequent and moderately heavy rains,
attended by unusually warm weather. Although the snow cover was
thought to be less than the average, the result was a flood beginning at
La Crosse on April 12, and reaching its maximum stage at Dubuque on
the 21st, of a magnitude which has been equaled but three times in the
past 50 years.
In the maximum stages reached this flood was very nearly the counter-
part of that of March and April, 1920, but in the manner of rise there was
considerable difference. In 1920 a rather rapid rise began immediately
576
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
after the breaking up of the ice, becoming very rapid as the crest of the
flood was approached. In 1922 the river opened about the middle of
March and from that time to the end of March moderately high stages,
sufficient to overflow the lower islands and bottoms, were maintained with
little change. Then began a continuous and approximately uniform rise
until about five days before the peak was reached, then the rate in-
creased considerably but did not attain the rate reached in 1920. In the
latter half of its rise it resembled very closely the floods of 1880 and 1888,
but these latter were more rapid in the early stages.
Maximum stages reached from La Crosse to Dubuque in the six floods
of the past 50 years are shown in the accompanying table:
La Crosse __
Lansing
Prairie du Chien.
Dubuque
Flood
Stage
1880
1881
1888
1916
1920
1922
i2
18
16.0
13.2
14.5
13.6
16.4
18.3
19.8
14.2
17.3
19.6
21.0
13.7
17.3
18
18
21.5
21.7
19.0
20.2
20.0
21.4
19.4
21.0
It is evident that a large part of the flood waters came from above La
Crosse, for the maximum stage there was 1.7 feet above flood stage, and
the highest at Lansing was the same as that of two years ago, but a
flood exceeding that of 1920 was in progress on the Wisconsin River at
the same time and added considerably to the stages reached at Prairie du
Chien and Dubuque. The peak of the Wisconsin flood wave reached
Prairie du Chien, however about three days earlier than that from the
Mississippi and hence the crests occurred at Prairie du Chien and Du-
buque a little earlier and were a little lower than would have been the
case if the Wisconsin flood had been a few days later.
From below La Crosse to below Lansing the damage was comparatively
slight, as is usually the case with spring floods. The largest item aside
from the injury to and the cost of protection of railroad roadbeds was the
collapse of a warehouse filled with ice at Lansing. At Prairie du Chien
about one-fourth of the town was under water, and the people were travel-
ing on the streets by boat. As a result of the warnings, all live stock and
much movable property were moved to higher portions of the city, while
many families either moved from their residences altogether or moved
to the second floors. Railroad traffic east into the Wisconsin Valley and
north into the Kickapoo Valley was suspended. Opposite Prairie du Chien,
at Marquette and McGregor, Iowa, buildings along the river front were
inundated, causing interruption of business. Much land was overflowed
in the vicinity of Cassville, Wis., and Waupeton, Iowa, causing a loss esti-
mated at about $50,000.
At Dubuque the overflow was a duplicate of that of 1920. Many plants
and establishments along' the river front and on the lower ground back
from the river were surrounded or partially surrounded by water, and
several were forced to suspend operations. Practically all of the factories
and wholesale houses in the southern end of the town suffered flooded
basements. Considerable lengths of track of the Illinois Central, the
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul
railroads were under water, and traffic was diverted and partially sus-
pended. Much labor and material were used in protecting tracks and
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 577
enbankments from undermining. A high northwest wind on the 19th,
when the river was within five inches of its maximum stage, added to
the difficulties of the railroads and others in preventing the wearing away
of dikes.
Many families living in the lowlands on both sides of the river were
temporarily driven from their homes, and a much larger number had
flooded basements. At least 14 cottages, situated on the islands in the
vicinity of Dubuque and used as summer residences, were carried away
by the flood waters in conjunction with the high wind on the 19th.
On April 12th, nine days before the crest of the flood reached Dubuque,
flood warnings were issued for the entire district from below La Crosse
to Dubuque. On April 17th definite forecasts of maximum stages were
made, as follows: Lansing, 17.0 feet; Prairie du Chien, 19.5 feet; Dubuque,
21.0 feet. Warnings were distributed by mail to all towns in the district,
an those having property subject to overflow in general did whatever
could be done to remove or protect it, so that the preventable loss was
slight.
Statistics of Money Loss by Flood in the Mississippi River, Dubuque
River District, April, 1922.
Losses to tangible property that can only be restored by the
outlay of cash, includes loss to buildings, factories, municipal
plants, highways and bridges $68,000
Losses to railroads, principally expenditures in protecting and
restoring tracks and roadbeds 35,000
Loss of crops ' 10,000
Loss of prospective crops 3,500
Loss of live stock or other movable property 4,000
Loss due to suspension of business 20,000
Total losses reported $140,500
Money value of property saved by warnings, as reported 154,000
MISSISSIPPI RIVER FLOOD
From below Dubuque to Muscatine, April, 1922.
By Andrew M. Hamick, Meteorologist.
Weather Bureau Office, Davenport, Iowa, May, 20, 1922.
During the first 21 days of April, 1922, rain fell on some part of the
watershed of the Mississippi River from Muscatine northward on every
day but three. The frequent rains, while not very heavy, except on the
10th and 16th, fell on a well-saturated soil and the run-off was above
normal.
As an index of the general situation, note the conditions at Davenport:
The precipitation during the month of March was 3.40 inches, 1.19 inches
above normal. There were 21 cloudly days during the month, and con-
sequently little evaporation. The percentage of possible sunshine was 42,
16 per cent below the normal for March.
37
578 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
The rivers were rising steadily in the vicinity of Prairie du Chien and
Dubuque by the end of March, and the continued rainy weather during
the first ten days of April made it apparent that a flood would be experi-
enced in the Davenport District during the last decade of the month.
Forecasts were issued daily for a steady rise, and on April 14 interests
were advised that the crest stage would reach Davenport during the week
of April 23-29. On April 17 a general flood warning was issued to the
effect that the crest stages would equal those of the 1920 flood in this
District. On Wednesday, April 19, the following definite stages were
forecast: Clinton, 19.0 feet by Saturday; Le Claire, 13.0 feet by Saturday;
Davenport, 17.0 feet by Saturday, and Muscatine, 19.0 feet by Saturday
mght. Those stages were reached within one-tenth of a foot at all sta-
tions.
At Davenport, the crest stage was 17.1 feet on April 23, exactly the
same as the crest in the flood of 1920; at Clinton, the crest stage was 19.0
feet, during the night of April 21-22, exactly the same as the crest in
1920; at Le Claire the crest was 12.9 feet during the night of April 22-23.
0.5 foot less than the crest in 1920, but the difference was due to the gage
readings being affected by a dam which has been built near Le Claire since
1920, as the overflowed area was practically the same; at Muscatine, the
water rose above the permanent river gage, and a temporary gage showed
a stage of 19.1 feet on the morning of the 23d, and reached the crest stage
of 19.5 feet on the 24th, the h.ghest of record. Levees in the vicinity of
Muscatine have been strengthened considerably since the flood of 1920,
and, therefore, a much higher gage reading resulted; the highest stage
reached in 1920 was 18.0 feet, but the levees gave way and prevented
what would have been at least another foot rise. On April 26, the levee
broke at a point ten miles north of Burlington, and that relieved the
situation at Muscatine, even though the crest had already been reached
at the latter place.
Forecasts and warnings were given wide distribution by mail, news-
papers, telephone, and radio, and all interests had ample time to protect
their property. No losses were sustained as a result of being unpre-
pared to meet the emergency. In the vicinity of Muscatine and New
Boston hundreds of men worked day and night, patrolling and strength-
ening the levees; high northwest winds on April 19 made conditions
critical for the Illinois side of the river, but fortunately the levees held,
and favorable weather prevailed during the remainder of the week.
A careful survey of the Tri-Cities and their environs is summed up as
follows.
Loss and damage due to flooding of property which could not
be protected $37,000
Added expenses, incurred in protection work 9,000
Losses due to suspension of business 1,000
Muscatine reports items similar to above and crop loss totaling $31,000,
also that $400,000 worth of property was saved by the warnings.
No loss of life by drowning occurred in this District as a direct result
of the flood.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 579
MAY
May, 1922, was characterized by remarkably uniform temperatures, the
range between the northern and southern divisions amounting to only
2.4° and the range for the State was the least ever recorded since State
wide records began in 1890. For the second time in 33 years the mini-
mum temperature did not reach the freezing point, the lowest tempera-
ture recorded being 34°, which is the highest May minimum of record,
and only a few light frosts occurred on the 13th which did no damage.
The mean temperature averaged nearly three degrees above the normal
and most of the excess occurred during the first twelve days. During the
rest of the month the temperature was near normal though mostly slightly
below normal and the last two days rather cool.
The precipitation averaged more than an inch below normal and was
very unevenly distributed. The greatest deficiency occurred in the north-
ern division. The central and southern division averaged near normal
due to decided excess over the central and south-central sections. Over
much of the western and north-central portions of the State, a drouth set
in during April that was not relieved during the entire month of May and
at the end of the month the drouth was serious over a large area. Up
until the 23d only light showers occurred at frequent intervals, but on the
23d a general shower period set in that continued for five days over a large
portion of the State and excessive amounts were recorded at many points
in the central, south-central and southeastern portions of the State. Over
th*s area farm work was temporarily stopped or greatly retarded and
many corn fields became weedy and large patches were covered with
water. At most stations reporting reavy amounts the rate of fall was
moderate and most of the water was absorbed by the soil without causing
serious flood damage, but at FAirlington the rain fell at a remarkably
rrpid rate on the afternoon of the 26th, and a serious flood occurred.
Rain began falling at 2:30 p. m. and increased rapidly and at 3:15 p. m.
the total fall for 45 minutes' from the time of beginning was 2.35 inches,
which is one of the heaviest falls ever experienced in the State. The
sewers were not adequate to carry the water from the streets and at points
in the city the water was over four feet deep. Great damage was done
to all kinds of property but power plants, railroads and business houses
with goods stored in basements were the heaviest losers. The damage
to property and goods in Burlington was estimated at $200,000, and the
loss to crops, and buildings and railroads in the vicinity was probably as
great.
Hail storms were frequent and covered much of the State and in local-
ities were severe. On the evening of the 6th a storm occurred at Boone
and vicinity that did considerable damage to greenhouses and crops and
on the late afternoon a severe storm occurred in the vicinity of Iowa City
that damaged fruit greatly, broke many window glasses and killed
chickens. This storm assumed tornadic characteristics particularly near
Tiffin, Johnson County, and did considerable damage to fru't trees and
small farm buildings. On the afternoon of the 11th a tornado occurred
about one mile southeast of Plainfield, Bremer County, which caused
damage to a number of homes and destroyed a large number of farm
580 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
buildings. One man was severly injured; horses, cattle, hogs and chickens
were killed and fruit trees suffered considerable damage as a result of
this storm. The path .of the storm where the greatest damage occurred
was about two miles wide and four miles long.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
29.92 inches. The highest recorded was 30.38 inches at Duqubue, on the
28th, and the lowest was 29.41 inches at Davenport, on the 18th. The
monthly range was 0.97 inch.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by thi
records of 98 stations was 63.4° or 2.9° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 61.9°, or 2.9° higher than the normal; Central, 64.0°,
or 3.3° higher than the normal; Southern, 64.3°, or 2.6° higher than the
normal. The highest monthly mean was 67.8°, at Fairport, and the lowest
was 60.4°, at Estherville. The highest temperature reported was 91° at
Cedar Rapids, on the 10th, and the lowest was 34° at Pocahontas on the
13th and Washta, on the 7th and 13th. The temperature range for the
State was 57°.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
77 per cent, and at 7 p. m. it was 58 per cent. The mean for the month
was 68 per cent, which is just normal. The highest monthly mean was
72 per cent, at Charles City, and the lowest was 62 per cent, at Sioux
City.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by the
records of 100 stations, was 3.53 inches, or 1.04 inches less than the nor-
mal. By divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 2.47 inches, or
2.01 inches less than the normal; Central, 3.92 inches, or 0.67 inch less
than the normal; Southern, 4.21 inches, or 0.43 inch less than the normal.
The greatest amount, 8.36 inches, occurred at Ames, and the least, 0.47
inch, occurred at Algona. The greatest amount in 24 consecutive hours,
3.90 inches, occurred at Lacona, on the 24th
Wind. The prevailing direction was from the south. The average
velocity was 8.0 miles per hour, or 0.7 mile less than the normal. The
highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau Station was at
the rate of 48 miles an hour, from the southwest, at Sioux City, on the
11th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 59, or 3 per cent less than the normal. The per cent of
the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau Stations was as fol-
lows: Charles City, 56; Davenport, 55; Des Moines, 56; Dubuque, 52;
Keokuk, 65; Sioux City, 54; Omaha, Nebr., 72.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Aurora: 20th. Fog: 3d, 13th, 16th, 17th,
24th, 30th. Frost: (light) 13th. Hail: 2d, 3d, 5th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 12th,
13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 20th, 24th, 25th, 26th, 28th, 30th. Halos: 1st, 2d, 3d,
4th, 7th, 8th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 27th. Rainbows: 5th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 26th.
Thunderstorms: All dates except 1st, 7th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 28th, 29th,
31st. Tornadoes: 8th, 11th.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
581
Rivers. Gradually falling stages prevailed on the Mississippi River
except south of Clinton, where a slight rise occurred after the rains that
set in on the 23d. Moderate stages prevailed on the Missouri River with
very little fluctuation except about the middle of. the month when a
moderate rise occurred. Low stages prevailed on most interior rivers
but a sharp rise accurred on the Skunk, Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers
after the heavy rains the last week of the month.
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— MAT.
Temperature
Precipitation
Number of
Days
YEAR
S3
C9
B
a
X5
to
w
OS
%
O
1-5
o
£
3
*a
u
es
a
a
«>
CO
OJ
43
03
0>
M
o
es
CO
3
«M
o
a
CQ
i-i m
o t-
• o
« S
^ t-,
&o
£3 .
S3
s
3
O
V
43
03
>>
3
O
D
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913 —
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
67.7
58.3
54.0
56.6
61.1
61.7
65.5
58.5
59.6
60.2
63.2
60.7
63.8
61.6
59.6
58.3
60.8
53.5
59.4
57.9
55.4
64.9
62.7
59.4
62.2
56.1
59.9
55.1
64.9
58.2
59.4
63.3
63.4
—2.8
—2.2
-€.5
—3.9
+0.6
+1.2
+5.0
—2.0
—0.9
-0.3
+2.7
+0.2
+3.3
+1.1
-0.9
-2.2
+0.3
—7.0
—1.1
—2.6
—5.1
+4.4
+2.2
—1.1
+1.7
—4.4
—0.6
—5.4
+4.4
—2.3
—1.1
+2.8
+2.9
90
94
88
96
96
104
100
96
92
90
98
95
97
91
93
88
95
96
93
97
89
98
97
102
98
99
94
95
98
93
89
99
91
26
21
29
26
22
24
34
20
26
27
22
28
25
24
27
28
24
14
13
18
18
23
29
30
25
25
27
18
25
30
29
25
34
3.56
3.18
8.77
3.45
1.87
3.19
6.69
1.92
4.67
6.23
3.31
2.35
5.39
8.55
3.78
5.95
3.54
3.48
8.34
4.34
3.41
3.76
3.33
6.24
3.31
7.34
4.93
3.87
6.87
3.11
3.26
4.23
3.53
—1.01
—1.39
+4.20
—1.12
—2.70
—1.38
+2.12
—2.65
+0.10
+1.66
—1.26
-2.22
+0.82
+3.98
-0.79
+1.38
—1.03
—1.09
+3.77
—0.23
-1.16
—0.81
—1.24
+1.67
—1.26
+2.77
+0.36
—0.70
+2.30
—1.46
-1.31
—0.34
-1.04
6.44
7.10
12.64
5.82
4.77
5.79
11.79
3.59
7.82
11.47
6.98
4.57
18.04
15.45
8.15
10.83
10.72
7.68
14.33
7.85
6.91
8.73
6.41
10.25
6.90
13.21
10.44
7.33
11.98
7.14
5.73
9.41
8.36
1.61
1.46
4.87
1.65
0.33
0.84
3.40
0.21
2.22
3.09
0.96
0.72
0.87
2.88
1.50
2.57
0.89
0.71
1.33
1.86
1.29
0.42
0.72
3.14
0.30
3.82
2.14
1.69
2.72
0.73
0.62
1.32
0.47
"t"."
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
0
0.1
T.
0.7
0
0
T.
T.
T.
0.6
T.
0
0
0
0
9
8
16
9
6
9
12
6
12
13
8
7
13
16
8
14
11
10
15
9
10
9
10
13
10
14
12
10
13
9
8
10
12
10
14
5
13
17
11
11
16
9
9
14
16
10
9
13
12
13
11
9
12
15
16
14
11
14
9
13
15
13
13
14
14
13
13
9
9
9
10
12
12
10
10
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
10
10
11
12
7
9
11
8
11
9
10
8
11
11
9
10
10
8
8
17
9
4
8
8
6
12
10
7
6
9
10
8
8
8
10
11
7
9
6
6
12
6
13
8
8
7
7
8
7
8
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or less than .005 inch precipita-
tion and less than .05 inch snowfall.
JUNE
June was considerably warmer than normal and unusually dry. The
month opened cool and the first three days were the coldest of the month.
After the third the temperature was continuously above normal except a
single day near the middle of the month and a short period during the
last week when temperatures were slightly below normal. The warmest
day occurred over practically the entire State on the 23d and temperatures
of 100°, or higher, were reported from a number of stations in the north-
west portion.
582 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
The outstanding feature of the month's weather was a severe drouth
that covered practically the entire State. The rainfall average for the
State was the same as in 1911, which previous to this June was the driest
of record. Light showers occurred at frequent intervals, but they were
not sufficient to maintain the normal growth of staple crops. Corn had
not advanced to a stage where it could be permanently injured, but the
hot weather started the leaves to curl in many fields in the drier sections.
Oats suffered most. Much of the crop in the west-central and northwest
counties headed too short to be harvested and was grazed off. Barley and
spring wheat also were injured. Pastures, hay, truck crops and gardens
also suffered greatly on account of the dry weather. Winter wheat, al-
falfa and rye were not materially injured. High winds were frequent and
considerable damage resulted from this source to standing grain, farm
buildings, windmills and trees, but they were all straight blows and no
tornadoes are known to have occurred.
Hailstorms occurred at many places on many dates, but the damage was
much less than usual on account of the storms being confined to smaller
areas than ordinary. A rather severe storm in Union Township, Kossuth
County, on the 5th did considerable damage to crops and killed several
hundred chickens, a number of hogs and cattle and two horses. Another
hailstorm, of more than ordinary severity, in Cerro Gordo County on the
12th caused much damage to crops and broke the glass in greenhouses.
In both storms stones of unusual dimensions were reported and heaps of
stones remained unmelted for ten hours.
The month was unusually favorable for all outside work. Building
operations were carried on with practically no interruption and at the end
of the month most cf the corn crop had been laid by. The general rain the
last of the month greatly relieved the drouth, but it came too late to
save many gardens, truck crops and berries. Roads were unusually good
during the entire month.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 95 statons, was 72.2°, or 3.1° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 70.9°, or 3.3° higher than the normal; Central, 72.6°, or
3.3° higher than the normal; Southern, 73.1°, or 2.8° higher than the
normal. The highest monthly mean was 75.2°, at Glenwood and Thur-
man, and the lowest was 67.3°, at Postville. The highest temperature
reported was 104°, at Inwood, on the 23d, and the lowest was 38°, at
Decorah on the 1st and Washta on the 3d. The temperature range for
the State was 66°.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
29.96 inches. The highest recorded was 30.37 inches, at Sioux City, on
the 25th, and the lowest was 29.53 inches, at Sioux City, on the 10th. The
monthly range was 0.84 inch.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
74 per cent, and at 7 p. m. was 51 per cent. The mean for the month was
62 per cent, or 8 per cent below the normal. The highest monthly mean
was 67 per cent, at Dubuque, and the lowest was 58 per cent at Sioux
City.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 583
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by the
records of 99 stations, was 1.82 inches, or 2.56 inches less than the nor-
mal. By divisions, the averages were as follows: Northern, 1.67 inches, or
2.76 inches less than the normal; Central, 1.34 inches, or 2.98 inches less
than the normal; Southern, 2.46 inches, or 1.93 inches less than the nor-
mal. The greatest amount, 7.19 inches, occurred at Corning, and the
least, 0.28 inch, at Iowa City. The greatest amount in 24 consecutive
hours, 3.20 inches, occurred at Corning on the 30th.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the southwest.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau station was
67 miles an hour, from the south, at Sioux City on the 8th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 75, or 6 per cent above the normal. The per cent of the
possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau stations was as follows:
Charles City, 74; Davenport, 82; Des Moines, 74; Dubuque, 70; Keokuk,
81; Sioux City, 61; Omaha, Nebr., 81.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Fog: 2d, 3d. Hail: 4th, 5th, 9th, 10th, 12th,
13th, 15th, 18th, 25th, 26th. Halos (lunar and solar) : 1st, 4th, 10th, 14th,
16th, 24th. Strong Winds: 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, 12th, 13th, 15th, 18th, 22d,
23d, 24th. Thunderstorms: all days during the month except on the 1st,
2d, 3d, 4th, 7th, 17th, 21st, 23d, 29th.
Rivers. Low, gradually falling stages prevailed on the Mississippi
River till the middle of the month, after which nearly stationary stages
prevailed. Low and nearly stationary stages prevailed on all interior
rivers. A moderate rise occurred on the Missouri River at the beginning
of the month and a general rising tendency prevailed most of the time.
584
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— JUNE.
TEAR
Temperature
Precipitation
Days
© £
>>
■a
3
a
•j.
o
"3
©
Eh
43
tn
10
en
=1
03 H
.c .
lH
"3
es
Ui
-4->
0,
03
o
S ^
u
a
A
W
(-}
Eh
s
O
A
a
CO
£
5
a
Ph
1890
1891
1892
1893 „..
1894
1895
1896.
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903 _
1904
1905.. _
1906
1907...
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920... _
1921
1922
72.7
69.1
69.2
71.2
73.2
69.7
69.1
69.1
71.4
70.7
69.7
72.3
65.2
64.6
67.1
69.9
67.9
66.5
67.1
69^5
75.7
66.2
71.5
72.2
65.1
64.5
66.0
70.8
71.9
70.7
74.7
72.2
+3.6
106
44
7.76
+3.38
16.53
1.57
11
12
10
0.0
99
37
5.39
+1.01
19.88
1.68
11
8
10
+0.1
102
42
5.19
+0.81
14.16
0.67
10
12
11
+2.1
100
40
3.91
—0.47
7.56
1.36
8
15
11
+4.1
104
34
2.67
—1.71
6.20
0.57
7
16
10
+ 0.6
102
34
4.32
—0.06
9.26
0.98
10
11
11
0.0
100
40
3.11
—1.27
7.89
0.81
9
12
13
0.0
103
29
3.81
—0.57
9.38
1.03
10
10
12
+2.3
99
42
4.72
+0.34
12.48
1.90
9
13
10
+1.6
100
42
5.04
+0.66
11.99
1.10
10
12
13
+0.6
102
38
3.98
—0.40
12.35
0.67
5
17
10
+3.2
106
30
3.71
-0.67
7.84
1.05
9
15
11
—3.9
97
32
7.16
+2.78
16.04
1.46
14
8
11
—4.5
96
30
2.86
—1.52
6.04
0.75
10
13
10
—2.0
94
35
3.45
—0.93
8.35
0.44
7
13
10
+0.8
100
36
5.53
+1.15
14.89
1.80
10
12
11
—1.2
99
37
3.92
—0.46
8.27
1.48
8
15
10
—2.6
98
36
5.35
+0.97
9.33
2.07
11
14
9
—2.0
94
35
5.66
+1.28
11.88
1.77
13
12
10
0.0
96
40
6.41
+2.03
13.30
2.80
13
12
10
+0.4
105
33
1.99
—2.39
5.51
0.05
7
18
7
+6.6
108
36
1.82
—2.56
6.28
0.06
5
20
8
—2.9
101
34
2.74
—1.64
5.71
0.78
7
15
9
+2.4
102
33
3.31
—1.07
8.95
0.74
7
19
8
+3.1
101
40
5.57
+1.19
13.24
1.17
13
12
14
—4.0
91
31
4.16
—0.22
9.99
1.72
11
12
12
—4.6
96
38
3.71
—0.67
7.96
1.41
10
13
11
—3.1
100
32
6.65
+2.27
13.82
3.04
12
13
10
+1.7
104
38
5.29
+0.91
10.19
1.55
11
16
10
+2.8
98
41
6.13
+1.75
12.25
1.82
13
12
12
+1.6
99
40
3.56
—0.82
8.48
1.25
9
16
10
+5.6
100
40
3.76
—0.62
8.85
0.56
9
16
10
+3.1
104
38
1.82
—2.56
7.19
0.28
6
19
8
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or less than .005 Inch rainfall
and less than .05 inch snowfall.
JULY
July was cool and wet. Since State-wide records began in 1890 there
have been but five times that the mean temperature for July has been
lower and only four times has there been more rainfall. The month was
characterized by remarkably uniform temperature, the entire absence of
hot periods and an unusual number of damaging wind, hail and thunder-
storms.
The mean temperature for the month was 2.6° below normal and the
deficiency was uniform over all divisions. This is the first month of the
year that the mean temperature has been below normal and the second
since August, 1920. Over most of the northern division, about half of the
central and a large portion of the southern division the maximum tem-
perature was below 90° and only once since 1890 has the maximum for
the State been lower.
There was a decided excess in precipitation and all stations, except a
few in the northern division, reported more than the normal. The first
general rainstorm set in on the 5th, and the drouth that had prevailed
over portions of the State since May was effectually broken, except in a
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 585
few small areas, and thereafter rather general thunderstorms occurred at
frequent intervals and at the end of the month there was sufficient mois-
ture over the entire State. Nearly all the rains were attended by severe
hail, strong winds and destructive lightning and the damage from these
sources was unusually heavy. The first hailstorm of a damaging character
occurred on the evening of the 5th, starting near the junction of Calhoun,
Green and Webster Counties and moving southeastward across Boone
County to the southern portion of Story County and the northern portion
of Polk County. Many thousand acres of corn were severely damaged and
areas covering whole sections were entirely ruined. One township in
Story County reported damage ranging from 10 to 85 per cent to 20,000
acres and the entire loss in this storm from wind and hail probably ex-
ceeded $1,000,000. Another severe hail and windstorm occurred in Bremer
and Blackhawk Counties on the 15th that damaged corn and other crops
over a large area. On the late afternoon of the 16th a severe hail, wind
.and electric storm developed in the northern portion of Green County and
moved southeastward to Jasper County. At Paton, Boone, Colfax and
Newton tornadic characteristics developed and many buildings were
wrecked fruit and shade trees uprooted and cornfields leveled, but the
greatest damage came from hail, which entirely destroyed many fields.
Floyd and Bremer Counties were visited by a severe wind and hailstorm
on the night of the 29th-30th that did much damage to crops and small
buildings. The storm apparently originated in Minnesota and moved
across Mitchell County into I*loyd and Bremer Counties and increased in
severity and disappeared in Chickasaw County. Tornadic characteristics
were evident at Colwell, Floyd County, but the principal damage was
caused by hail and straight winds. A large number of scattered hail and
windstorm occurred over the State that did considerable damage. A de-
tailed account will appear in the August report.
The losses caused by the destructive storms were more than offset by
the benefit derived from the copious rainfall and the corn crop generally
became excellent in condition, other growing crops greatly revived and
pastures and meadows were almost as green as in early spring. The soil
was in good condition for plowing and many acres were prepared for
winter wheat. Small grain, both in shock and standing, were damaged
greatly by the continued wet weather and wind. The apple crop is un-
usually heavy and many trees are breaking down under the great load
of fruit.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
30.00 inches. The highest pressure recorded was 30.35 inches, at Dubuque,
on the 13th, and the lowest was 29.46 inches, at Sioux City, on the 9th.
The monthly range was 0.54 inch.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 98 stations, was 71.5°, or 2.6° lower than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 69.8°, or 2.9° lower than the normal; Central, 71.7°, or
2.6° lower than the normal; Southern, 73.0°, or 2.2° lower than the nor-
mal. The highest monthly mean was 75.5°, at Keokuk, and the lowest
was 67.2°, at Postville. The highest temperature recorded was 98°, at
Burlington, on the 9th, and the lowest was 40°, at Estherville, on the 7th.
The temperature range for the State was 58°.
586 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
79 per cent, and at 7 p. m. it was 57 per cent. The mean for the State was
68 per cent, which is the normal. The highest monthly mean was 72 per
cent, at Charles City, and the lowest was 62 per cent at Keokuk.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by
the records of 100 stations, was 6.31 inches, or 2.35 inches more than the
normal. By divisions the means were as follows: Northern, 5.23 inches,
or 1.35 inches more than the normal; Central, 6.59 inches, or 2.61 inches
more than the normal; Southern, 7.11 inches, or 3.C9 inches more than
the normal. The greatest amount, 11.72 inches, occurred at Mt. Ayr, and
the least, 3.13 inches, at Northwood. The greatest amount in 24 con-
secutive hours was 4.32 at Fayette, on the 6th and 7th.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the south. The
highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau station was
48 miles per hour, from the northeast, at Sioux City, on the 8th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 64, or 10 per cent less than the normal. The per cent of
the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau stations was as fol-
lows: Charles City, 65; Davenport, 65; Des Moines, 56; Dubuque, 60;
Keokuk, 75; Sioux City, 53; Omaha, Nebr., 74.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Fog: 11th, 30th. Hail: 5th, 6th, 8th, 9th,
15th, 16th, 25th, 26th, 28th, 30th. Halos (Lunar and Solar): 6th, 11th,
20th, 21st, 28th. Rainbow: 15th, 31st. Thunderstorms: all dates during
the month except 3d, 4th, 13th, 18th. Tornado: 16th, 29th.
Rivers. Moderate stages prevailed on the principal rivers with very
little change except following the heavy rainstorms. Stages were gen-
erally low in the interior rivers, though rather high in the lower reaches
of the Des Moines and Skunk Rivers following the heaviest rains. Most
of the rains were absorbed by the soil and the run-off was gradual.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
587
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— JULY.
TEAR
Temperature
Precipitation
Number of
Days
o£
3
a
©
to
a)
CO
"3
©
m
o
w
"3
a
ft
c3
o
u
o
o
O
©
(H
«
a
a
(3
a
Hi
Eh
0
a i-i
03
£
~
Ph
1890
1891
1892
75.6
68.5
73.0
1893
75.0
1894- ~
76.4
1895
72.1
1896
73.6
1897
75.6
1898 - —
73.4
1899
73.1
1900
73.4
1901
82.4
1902
73.1
1903-—
72.9
19J4
70.6
1905
70.6
1906
70.9
1907
73.7
1908
1909
1910
73.0
72.3
74.5
1911
75.5
1912
74.6
1913—
76.1
1914
76.6
1915
69.5
1916
79.7
1917
74.3
1918_ „
1919
73.1
77.4
19°0
72.3
1921
1922
77.9
71.5
+1.5
-5.6
—1.1
+0.9
+2.3
—2.0
—0.5
+1.5
—0.7
—1.0
—0.7
+8.3
—1.0
—1.2
—3.5
—3.5
-3.2
—0.4
-1.1
—1.8
+0.4
+ 1.4
+0.5
+ 2.0
+2.5
—4.6
+ 5.6
+0.2
—1.0
+3.3
—1.8
+3.8
110
104
102
109
104
104
100
102
101
102
113
90
100
100
102
102
102
100
102
108
111
103
108
109
i 92
!l05
106 38
105 40
104 41
102 45
104 41
i 98 ! 40
1.98
4.22
5.29
47 ! 3.
0.63
3.40
6.90
3.26
2.98
3.07
6.15
2.34
8.67
4.83
4.41
2.91
3.04
7.27
3.66
4.77
4.86
2.27
3.71
1.82
2.27
8.32
1.78
2.27
3.17
2.86
4.22
2.53
—1.98
+0.26
+1.33
—0.63
—3.33
—0.56
+ 2.94
—0.70
—0.98
—0.89
+2.19
—1.62
+4.71
+0.87
+0.45
—1.05
—0.92
+3.31
—0.30
+0.81
—2.10
— 0^25
—2.14
—1.69
+4.36
—2.18
—1.69
—0.79
—1.10
+0.26
—1.43
+2.35
5.00
8.20
12.86
8.84
3.50
10.10
12.67
7.60
12.88
8.66
18.45
5.97
13.57
12.72
LI. 97
7.08
7.05
3.66
9.21
.2.20
5.69
6.62
7.56
6.23
6.50
15.83
6.87
6.06
8.05
7.82
7.49
7.45
LI. 72
0.37
1.67
1.71
1.49
T.
0.45
1.61
1.01
0.55
0.42
1.80
0.27
4.82
0.94
1.28
0.69
0.26
3.97
0.70
1.20
0.12
0.08
1.17
T.
0.44
3.68
0.10
0.23
0.26
0.39
1.11
0.42
3.13
3
18
8
S
13
13
9
16
10
7
19
10
3
22
8
7
15
12
9
14
11
6
18
10
7
19
9
7
16
10
9
16
10
5
21
9
13
14
10
9
17
9
10
16
9
9
14
10
8
18
10
13
16
11
8
16
10
10
15
8
7
19
8
7
18
10
10
17
10
5
21
8
5
20
8
14
10
12
5
23
7
7
21
8
8
19
8
6
22
8
9
19
9
7
19
9
11
14
12
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or less than .005 inch rainfall
and less than .05 inch snowfall.
AUGUST
August was the warmest month of the season. The mean temperature
for the State averaged two degrees above the normal and the excess was
general except over small areas along the south-central border and the
extreme northeastern corner. Most of the excess in temperature oc-
curred in the period beginning about the middle of the second week and
continuing until the 24th, when the daily mean temperature was con-
tinuously above normal, though there were no periods of unusually high
temperature and only a few days had very high maxima. Over most of
the State the highest temperature occurred on the 24th when a decided
change to cooler occurred, the drop in temperature amounting to nearly
50 degrees at a number of stations. The only cool periods occurred im-
mediately preceding and following the principal warm period.
The precipitation was characterized by contrasts and more than 75 per
cent of the State had considerably less than the normal for August. A
few stations along the Mississippi river in the east-central portion had
less than half an inch while in the west-central portion two stations re-
588 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
ported more than nine inches. Harlan with over nine inches had but
four days with appreciable precipitation and Davenport with only 0.48
inch had appreciable precipitation on eleven days, Le Claire had nine
days with .01 inch, or more, and the total amount was only 0.33 inch. In
the area of the greatest precipitation some damage resulted to grain that
was still in shock and over much of the northern and eastern portions of
the State the lack of rainfall interfered with plowing and, in connection
with low humidity that prevailed, caused a large amount of corn to ripen
prematurely and burned pastures brown and cut short gardens and truck
crops.
A large portion of the State was visited by hail storms which caused
much damage to crops. The first storm occurred on the 1st and affected
portions of Dubuque, Jackson, Delaware, Linn and Jones Counties. Light
hail fell over most of the counties mentioned but the severe hail was con-
fined to numerous patches. Dubuque reported one of the most severe
storms ever experienced but the greatest destruction to crops occurred in
an irregular strip from one-half to four miles wide and forty miles long
from the northwest corner of Delaware County southeastward. Hail
drifted to a depth of six inches and the total damage was nearly $500,000.
The most severe hail storm occurred on the 9th, and covered a large area
in the west-central portion, but the greatest damage occurred in Crawford,
Shelby, Audubon and Guthrie Counties. The principal damage was to
eorn but chickens and young pigs were reported killed by the score and
two cows were killed. Many thousand acres of corn were damaged in
varying degrees and in portions of the area whole sections were hailed
out so completely that not a single whole stalk of corn was left standing.
In Guthrie County fields were white with hail and ditches two feet deep
were completely filled. Four days after the storm there was sufficient
hail in ditches to make ice cream. The damage from this storm exceeded
$500,000. Another severe storm occurred on the 16th over much of the
same counties as on the 9th, but no reliable estimate could be made of
the damage done on account of the previous damage.
Severe local wind squalls occurred in the vicinity of Mason City on the
18th and at Cedar Rapids on the 24th that caused considerable damage to
small buildings, broke telephone and telegraph wires, leveled corn fields
and knocked apples off. The heavy rains of the 30th caused washouts and
road traffic was interrupted for several days.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
29.97 inches. The highest recorded was 30.21 inches, at Dubuque and
Davenport, on the 14th, and the lowest was 29.59 inches, at Dubuque, on
the 31st. The monthly range was 0.62 inch.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 100 stations, was 73.8°, or 2.0° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 72.9°, or 2.5° higher than the normal; Central, 74.0°, or
2.3° higher than the normal; Southern, 74.4, or 1.2° higher than the nor-
mal. The highest monthly mean was 76.8° at Thurman, and the- lowest
was 69.1° at Postville. The highest temperature recorded was 102°, at
Belmond, on the 17th and Clarinda on the 24th, and the lowest was 42°, at
Mason City, on the 8th. The temperature range for the State was 60°.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 589
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State as shown by the
records of 102 stations, was 3.06 inches, or 0.62 inch less than the normal.
By divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 2.50 inches, or 0.98
inch less than the normal; Central, 2.82 inches, or 0.95 inch less than the
normal; Southern, 3.87 inches, or 0.09 inch more than the normal. The
greatest amount, 9.80 inches, occurred at Atlantic, and the least, 0.33 inch
occurred at Le Claire. The greatest amount in 24 consecutive hours, 5.83
inches, occurred at Atlantic on the 30th.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m., was
80 per cent, and at 7 p. m., was 60 per cent. The mean for the month
was 70 per cent, or 2 per cent less than the normal. The highest monthly
mean was 74 per cent at Charles City, and the lowest was 64 per cent at
Davenport.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the south. The
highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau Station was
43 miles per hour at Sioux City, from the north on the 17th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 71, or 1 per cent more than the normal. The per cent
of the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau Stations was as
follows: Charles City, 73; Davenport, 73; Des Moines, 67; Dubuque, 60;
Keokuk, 73; Sioux City, 72; Omaha, Nebr., 80.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Aurora: 24th, 25th. Fog: 9th, 10th, 22d,
23d, 24th. Hail: 1st, 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 17th, 23d, 25th, 26th, 28th, 30th.
Halos (Lunar and Solar): 2d, 6th, 26th. Thunderstorms: all dates except
3d, 4th, 5th, 12th, 14th, 16th, 19th, 27th.
Rivers. Low, gradually falling stages prevailed on the Mississippi
River and moderate stages with considerable fluctuation, but mostly fall-
ing stages prevailed on the Missouri River. A few moderate rises oc-
curred on the interior rivers in the southern portion of the State on the
24th and high stages occurred in the southwestern portion following the
heavy rain on the 30th.
590
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— AUGUST.
Temperature
Precipitation
Lumber of
Days
YEAR
CI
I
el
a
p
TO
<D
3
4a
O
ft
"3
o
«
a
ft
o>
ft
4-J
TO
a
03
g
C5
TO
S3
<U
ft
o
a
DQ
-' o
•-a
u
5
>%
X5
3
O
w
>>
H
03
P4
o
5
1890
68.4
69.1
71.4
69.4
74.6
71.9
71.7
68.9
71.2
74.4
77.4
73.8
69.1
69.1
69.1
74.3
74.1
71.1
70.0
76.1
71.9
71.7
71.0
76.6
73.7
65.9
74.0
69.4
76.0
71.5
69.3
72.1
73.8
—3.4
—2.7
—0.4
—2.4
+2.8
+0.1
—0.1
—2.9
—0.6
+2.6
+5.6
+2.0
—2.7
—2.7
—2.7
+2.5
+2.3
-0.7
—1.8
+4.3
+0.1
—0.1
—0.8
+4.8
+1.9
—5.9
+2.2
—2.4
+4.2
—0.3
—2.5
+0.3
+2.0
102
106
102
101
108
103
104
104
103
100
103
105
98
101
97
104
101
99
101
103
104
107
101
108
103
91
106
102
113
103
98
102
102
36
34
40
30
38
37
34
35
40
41
44
40
37
41
35
44
33
37
38
33
36
34
40
40
40
30
35
31
38
38
39
37
42
3.41
4.24
2.24
2.32
1.58
4.43
3.52
1.86
3.44
3.68
4.65
1.29
6.58
6.64
3.43
4.05
3.95
4.33
4.77
1.81
3.88
3.32
3.78
2.68
2.19
2.81
2.58
2.29
3.61
2.59
3.35
5.04
3.06
—0.27
+0.56
—1.44
—1.26
—2.10
+0.75
—0.16
—1.82
—0.24
0.00
+0.97
—2.39
+2.90
+2.96
—0.25
+0.37
+0.27
+0.65
+1.09
-1.87
+0.20
—0.36
+0.10
—1.00
—1.49
—0.87
—1.10
—1.39
—0.07
—1.09
—0.33
+1.36
—0.62
6.44
13.02
6.22
4.53
10.63
12.25
4.98
10.55
10.45
10.43
4.46
15.47
17.74
6.75
8.47
10.51
9.67
10.55
8.21
11.22
9.47
7.90
7.13
4.90
9.14
6.23
6.31
8.38
5.72
8.52
9.04
9.80
1.02
1.23
0.65
0.40
T.
0.67
0.86
0.47
0.58
1.12
1.26
T.
1.57
2.55
0.66
1.04
0.92
1.05
1.35
T.
0.37
0.44
0.89
0.08
0.42
0.27
0.49
0.70
0.54
0.97
0.44
2.20
0.33
~_
8
8
5
5
4
7
8
6
6
7
6
5
11
11
7
9
9
9
9
5
8
9
10
6
7
8
7
7
8
7
7
8
8
15
13
18
19
21
17
15
15
17
17
18
20
11
12
17
16
17
17
17
21
15
16
15
17
17
16
18
19
16
19
18
16
19
10
12
9
9
8
9
11
11
9
10
10
9
11
10
8
9
9
9
9
8
10
10
10
10
10
8
9
8
10
9
8
11
8
6
1891
6
L892
4
1893
3
1894 -
2
1895
1890.
5
6
1897
1898
1899
5
5
4
1900
1901
1902
3
2
9
1903
9
1904
tt
1905
6
1906
iyu7
5
5
1908..
1909
5
*
1910..
6
1911
1912
5
6
1913
1914
4
4
1915
1916
7
4
1917
4
1918
5
1919
8
1920
5
1921 _.
4
1922
4
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or less than .005 Inch precipita-
tion and less than .05 inch snowfall.
SEPTEMBER
September was warm and considerably drier than the average. The
thief characteristic of the month was a remarkably warm period that pre-
vailed the first eight days. Another outstanding feature was a period
Df almost continous sunshine that occurred from the 20th until the 27th.
The first week ranked with the warmest of the season and over most of
the State the highest temperatures of the year occurred. A large num-
ber of stations in the eastern and northern portions of the State, in-
cluding two regular Weather Bureau Stations, reported the highest
September maxima of record and the record of one station extends over
a period of more than 50 years. Light frost occurred over the north-
western portion of the State on the 10th and on the 11th light frost was
general in low lands over nearly all sections. Light frost also occurred on
the 16th, 25th, 26th and 27th. Only one station reported a temperature
below freezing, but no damage whatever resulted from frost.
The precipitation was below normal over practically the entire State and
there was only two shower periods of any consequence, and taking the
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 591
State as a whole, more than half of the monthly total occurred during a
single 24-hour period. While the precipitation was generally deficient,
there was sufficient to keep pastures in good condition and benefited
truck crops, but the lack of rain over the northern and western portions
of the State caused a suspension of plowing, prevented the germination oi
winter wheat and caused a shortage of stock water. The weather was un-
usually favorable for the maturing of the corn crop and at the end of the
month not more than 6 per cent was susceptible to injury from frost.
Low humidity, hot weather and an excess of sunshine caused some corn
to mature too rapidly so it became loose on the cob and lessened the yield
somewhat. The dry weather retarded the seeding of winter wheat some*
what, but much seeding was intentionally delayed to avoid the Hessian
fly pest.
No severe storms of any character occurred during the month. The only
damage reported was from a local wind squall in the northern portion of
Cerro Gordo County that blew down a number of telephone poles, frail
buildings and trees. Roads were in good condition except somewhat rough
after the rainy periods and all outside work was carried on with very little
interruption.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
30.07 inches. The highest recorded was 30.54 inches, at Dubuque, on the
16th, and the lowest was 29.62 inches, at Des Moines, on the 1st, and Sioux
City, on the 5th. The monthly range was 0.92 inch.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 100 stations, was 67.1°, or 3.7° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fob
lows: Northern, 66 0°, or 4.2° higher than the normal; Central 67.3°, or
3.8° higher than the normal; Southern, 68.1°, or 3.1° higher than the nor-
mal. The highest monthly mean was 70.4°, at Fairport, and the lowest
was 63.0°, at Postville. The highest temperature reported was 103°, at
Belle Plaine and Mason City, on the 6th, and the lowest was 31°, at
Washta, on the 11th. The monthly range for the State was 72°.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by tha
records of 103 stations, was 2.03 inches, or 1.33 inches less than the nor-
mal. By divisions, the averages were as follows: Northern, 1.69 inches,
or 1.36 inches less than the normal; Central, 2.24 inches, or 1.22 inches
less than the normal; Southern, 2.17 inches, or 1.39 inches less than tho
normal. The greatest amount, 4 34 inches, occurred at Iowa Falls, and
the least, 0.31 inch, occurred at Inwood and Milford. The greatest amount
in 24 consecutive hours, 3.05 inches, occurred at Le Mars, on the 18th.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
81 per cent, and at 7 p. m. was 60 per cent. The mean for the month was
70 per cent, or 4 per cent below the normal. The highest monthly mean
was 77 per cent at Charles City, and the lowest was 62 per cent, at Sioux
City.
Sunshine. The average per cent of the possible amount of sunshine
was 71, which is 9 per cent above the normal. The per cent of the possible
amount at the regular Weather Bureau stations was as follows: Charles
592
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
City, 71; Davenport, 73; Des Moines, 69; Dubuque, 63; Keokuk, 71; Sioux
City, 73; Omaha, Neb., 77.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the south. The
highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau station was at
the rate of 33 miles per hour, from the north, at Sioux City, on the 8th.
Rivers. Low stages prevailed on all rivers with very little fluctuation,
but with a falling tendency prevailing. Only once in September has a
lower mean stage been recorded at Dubuque.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Fog: 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, 14th, 15th, 18th, 19th,
20th, 21st, 22d, 23d, 26th, 27th, 28th. Frost light: 10th, 11th, 16th, 25th,
26th, 27th. Hail: 8th, 17th. Halos: 1st, 10th, 15th. Rainbow: 7th.
Thunderstorms: 1st, 2d, 4th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 13th, 15th, 16th, 17th,
18th, 19th, 29th, 30th.
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE SEPTEMBER.
TEAR
Temperature
Precipitation
Days
3.2
-a
rf
6
3
to
in
J2
CO
m
*c3
a
"3
is
0-8
£3 •
u
"3
>>
ej
to
o,
03
a
£ a
O
O
£
3
n
w
t-1
y
A
o
1-1
aa
O
P4
1891
1892
1893 ,
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898...
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909...
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914.
1915
1916...
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921....
1922
59.3
67.3
64.7
64.7
65.1
66.8
58.5
70.9
65.3
62.5
64.4
63.3
59.1
60.8
64.0
65.8
67.2
62.8
67.9
62.4
63.2
65.8
62.1
64.5
64.5
63.7
62.5
62.6
58.6
67.5
66.5
67.3
67.1
—4.1
+3.9
+1.3
+1.3
+1.7
+3.4
—4.9
+7.5
+ 1.9
—0.9
+1.0
—0.1
—4.3
—2.
+0.6
+2.4
+3.8
—0.6
+4.5
—1.0
—0.2
+2.4
—1.3
+1.1
+1.1
+0.3
—0.9
—0.8
—4.8
+4.1
+3.1
+3.9
+3.7
96
104
I 99
102
100
103
j 95
106
99
104
I 99
|102
3 | 88
6 94
96
100
98
!>S
94
99
in.3
104
107
23
2.97
—0.39
•28
1.33
—2.03
29
1.53
—1.83
IS
2.34
—1.02
26
3.57
+0.21
22
3.03
—0.33
22
4.09
+0.73
26
2.04
—1.32
29
2.69
—0.67
15
0.93
—2.43
26
4.98
+1.62
26
4.77
+1.41
23
4.35
+0.99
28
3.81
+0.45
30
2.78
—0.58
36
3.81
+0.45
27
4.16
+0.80
25
2.75
—1.61
20
1.20
—2.16
30
3.58
+0.22
30
3.59
+0.23
32
5.12
+1.76
24
3.98
+0.62
19
3.31
—0.05
30
7.88
+4.52
30
6.03
+2.67
21
3.89
+0.53
28
2.90
—0.46
20
1.87
—1.49
33
5.34
+1.98
24
3.30
—0.06
31
6.72
+3.36
31
2.03
—1.33
4.85
3.60
4.15
5.49
7.43
7.43
9.96
5.88
8.45
4.32
8.82
13.62
10.41
8.79
8.33
13.18
11.10
6.06
3.46
7.34
7.43
13.73
10.12
7.44
16.24
12.45
9.71
8.68
4.62
11.82
7.21
11.95
4.34
1.36
0.13
0.16
0.74
0.67
0.85
1.82
0.00
0.41
T.
2.48
1.71
1.65
1.42
0.09
0.50
0.64
I 1.38
0.25
1.39
1.18
1.19
0.28
0.45
2.48
2.88
1.45
0.39
0.48
1.49
0.69
1.72
0.31
T. indicates nn amount too small to measure, or less than .005 inch precipita-
tion and less than .05 inch snowfall.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 593
OCTOBER
October was warm and dry, being considerably warmer and drier than
October, 1921, and since records of the State have been kept there have
been but four Octobers with higher mean temperatures. Of the last 26
consecutive months, this month makes 24 that have been warmer than the
normal. There were two unusually warm periods, the first six and the
last eight days. At a number of stations in all sections the maxima for
October were equalled, and never before have such high maxima occurred
so late in the season as occurred on the 27th and 28th. Killing frosts oc-
curred on the 9th over a large area in the northwestern portion and on
the 12th over most of the State except a few Mississippi River counties
which did not experience a killing frost until the 18th. The corn crop
was practically all matured when the frosts occurred and the damage
was of very little consequence.
Precipitation was deficient over all sections, though there were local
areas in all sections that had an excess, but only one station had an
important excess. The lack of precipitation was magnified by the fact
that at a large number of stations most of the total occurred on the last
two days and at most other stations the greater portion occurred in a
single shower period on the 5th-6th.
The weather was favorable for all outdoor work and while the dry
weather prevented fall plowing in some sections, conditions were very
favorable for gathering corn and at the close of the month a large amount
had been cribbed. The dry weather also retarded the germination of
some wheat fields but over most of the State the precipitation was ample
for germination and the average condition was very good considering
that seeding had been generally delayed to avoid the Hessian fly.
The month was free from severe storms and except for short periods
the roads were unusually good. Clear days averaged 21 over the State
which has never been exceeded by October.
There was a serious shortage of freight cars and this condition pre-
vented the marketing of valuable truck crops. In the chief truck growing
center every available warehouse was filled and some fields were not
gathered for the lack of storage room.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
30.00 inches. The highest recorded was 30.43 inches at Sioux City, on the
12th, and the lowest was 29.45 inches at Sioux City, on the 28th. The
monthly range was 0.98 inch.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State, as shown by the
records of 98 stations, was 56.1°, or 5.3° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 54.4°, or 5.4° higher than the normal; Central, 56.4°, or
5.5° higher than the normal; Southern, 57.4°, or 4.8° higher than the
normal. The highest monthly mean was 59.6°, at Columbus Junction, and
the lowest was 52.0°, at Estherville. The highest temperature reported
was 96°, at Guthrie Center on the 4th, and the lowest was 14° at Little
Sioux on the 17th. The temperature range was 82°.
594 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
77 per cent, and at 7 p. m. it was 53 per cent. The mean for the month
was 65 per cent, or 6 per cent less than the normal. The highest monthly
mean was 74 per cent at Charles City, and the lowest was 59 per cent at
Sioux City. The lowest observed was 20 per cent at Keokuk on the 11th,
and Sioux City on the 24th.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by the
records of 103 stations, was 1.81 inches, or 0 65 inch less than the normal.
By divisions, the averages were as follows: Northern, 2.06 inches, or 0.28
inch less than the normal; Central, 1.66 inches, or 0.83 inch less than the
normal; Southern, 1.70 inches, or 0.84 inch less than the normal. The
greatest amount, 3.93 inches, occurred at Fayette, and the least 0.06 inch,
at Davenport (Pine Acres). The greatest amount in 24 consecutive
hours, 2.75 inches, occurred at Fayette, on the 6th and 7th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 72, or 12 per cent greater than the normal. The per cent
of the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau stations was as
follows: Charles City, 68; Davenport, 70; Des Moines, 72; Dubuque, 69;
Keokuk, 71; Sioux City, 77, Omaha, Nebr., 75.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the southwest.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau station was
at the rate of 42 miles per hour, from the northwest, at Sioux City on the
16th.
Snow. A few light snow flurries occurred in each division, but no
station reported more than a trace.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Fog: 1st, 2d, 3d, 9th, 10th, 14th, 15th, 16th,
26th 31st. Frost (Killing): 9th, 12th, 15th, 17th, 18th. Hail: 11th.
Halos (Lunar and Solar): 3d, 4th, 27th, 28th. Sleet: 13th. Thunder-
storms. 6th, 7th, 8th, 10th, 13th, 14th, 16th, 20th, 21st, 22d, 30th and 31st.
Rivers. Low and nearly stationary stages prevailed on all the rivers
of the State. At most places along the principal rivers the extreme varia-
tions of the stages were less than half a foot.
IOWA. WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
595
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— OCTOBER.
Temperature
Precipitation
>"umber of
Days
S£
>»
T3
TEAR
p
<a
O
a
S3
gg
en
CJ
X!
DO
O
"3
9
aa
O
w
3
53
Is
M
o
3
a,
o
0
to
5
g
O
09
O
a
aa
c-3
CJ
5
IH
a3
ft
1893
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
190U.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
19J5.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910.
Wll.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922-
49.2
-1.6
8H
16
3.48
+1.02
6.82
1.59
7
11
11
9
50.0
—0.8
92
19
2.77
+0.31
6.53
0.£6
6
1'.
7
6
54.5
+3.7
98
14
1.55
—0.91
2.58
0.0J
"576"
4
21
6
52.4
+1.6
94
10
1.28
—1.18
4.56
0.02
0.0
4
16
9
51.7
+ 0.9
90
20
2.67
+0.21
5.25
0.03
0.2
8
14
8
46.0
-4.8
88
4
0.47
—1.99
1.38
0.00
T.
2
19
8
47.9
—2.9
88
12
3.13
+0.67
5.05
1.51
T.
5
18
6
56.8
+6.0
97
12
1.14
—1.32
3.30
0.03
0.0
4
17
8
47.5
—3.3
88
17
3.56
+1.10
5.75
1.27
3.6
8
7
0
56.7
+5.9
95
17
1.73
—0.73
4.64
0.15
0.0
5
17
8
59.3
+8.5
90
21
3.91
+1.45
8.00
1.20
0.0
7
16
7
54.2
+3.4
88
20
1.98
—0.48
4.23
0.45
T.
6
17
7
53.5
+2.7
83
20
2.54
+0.08
6.66
0.28
T.
5
16
8
52.2
+ 1.4
90
16
1.9o
-0.51
4.50
0.32
0.0
5
19
6
53.1
+2.3
96
16
1.67
-0.79
4.43
0.14
T.
6
15
8
49.2
—1.6
95
16
3.40
+U.94
5.36
1.20
1.6
i
16
6
9
50.5
—0.3
87
7
1.88
-0.50
4.25
0.50
0.1
6
14
7
10
50.4
—0.4
85
10
1.50
-0.96
3.71
0.30
0.0
5
20
6
51.1
+0.3
89
17
3. 38
+0.92
8.83
0.58
2.6
8
16
6
49.7
—1.1
97
10
2.22
—0.24
4.70
0.48
T.
6
16
6
55.2
+4.4
93
10
0.77
—1.69
1.73
T.
0.1
4
21
4
48.7
—2.1
87
14
3.34
+ 0.88
7.03
0.73
0.6
10
12
8
52.2
+ 1.4
92
16
2.98
+0.52
5.77
1.03
T.
6
21
8
49.2
—1.6
89
-2
3.03
+0.57
7.29
0.35
1.2
9
15
8
55.9
+5.1
88
14
3.23
+0.77
6.64
0.74
T.
9
16
6
54.4
+3.6
86
19
1.31
—1.15
3.25
T.
T.
5
19
6
50.9
+0.1
92
6
2.00
—0.46
4.33
0.20
2.0
8
16
7
42.9
—7.9
85
0
1.41
—1.05
4.00
0.15
2.2
6
10
11
55.1
+4.3
93
21
3.64
+ 1.18
7.56
1.36
0.8
7
13
7
50.7
—0.1
89
8
3.02
+0.56
8.65
0.45
T.
10
11
8
57.7
+6.9
90
11
2.13
—0.33
4.64
0.48
T.
6
19
6
54.6
+3.8
90
21
1.96
—0.50
3.61
0.21
T.
6
17
8
56.1
+5.3
96
14
1.81
—0.65
3.93
0.06
T.
5
21
4
6
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or leas than .005 inch preclplta
tion and less than .05 inch snowfall.
NOVEMBER
November was decidedly warm and wet. Since state wide records began
in 1890, there have been but three warmer Novembers and only one with
more precipitation. The temperature excess was uniform over the state
and nearly continuous, there being only five days below normal, and over
no portion of the state were there more than two consecutive days below
normal. The minimum temperature for the state, 11 degrees, was the
highest ever recorded in November and the range in temperature, 63
degrees, the least.
Precipitation as well as temperature, showed an excess at every station.
Compared with the state average, the distribution was the most uniform
ever experienced in November. Only three times in the last 33 years has
the precipitation shown an excess at every station in the state in Novem-
ber. Over 90 per cent of the precipitation occurred during the first 18
days and there were four general rainy periods, the principal one ex-
tending from the 11th to the 13th. The rain that occurred on the 5th,
in connection with a rather severe storm that passed along the western
596 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
border, was accompanied by strong winds that blew down some corn, and
owing to the soft conditions of the fields corn husking was nearly im-
possible the greater portion of the first three weeks so that a small per
cent that was down started to germinate and rot in the muddy fields.
After the 18th the weather was favorable for all outdoor work; corn
husking was pushed and at the close of the month 14 per cent or about
the normal amount remained to be gathered.
The warm wet weather caused all vegetation to make unusual growth.
Pastures were in excellent condition generally, dandelions were in bloom
and reports were numerous from all portions of the state of ripe straw-
berries and hardy vegetables taken from the garden at the end of the
month. The weather was generally favorable for winter wheat, parti-
cularly the late sown, but some of the early sown was injured by the
Hessian fly. Bees were able to make a good flight during the high tem-
perature that was general on the 30th and were ready to go into winter
quarters in good condition.
Unusually high wind velocities accompanied the storms that passed
over the state on the 5th and 30th. On the 30th Des Moines experienced
the highest wind velocity of record for November (52 miles per hour from
the southwest) and in the last 45 years there have been but three times
in any month that a higher wind velocity has been reached.
The roads were in bad condition most of the first three weeks, and es-
pecially bad after the general rain from the 11th to the 13th. It is reli-
ably reported that 1,000 automobiles were stranded on the principal high-
ways leading out of Iowa City following a b-g home coming celebration
on the 11th, to which a large number of persons had motored from sur-
rounding States.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the state was
30.08 inches. The highest was 30.49 inches at Sioux City, on the 24th,
and the lowest was 29.30 inches at Sioux City, on the 5th. The monthly
range was 1.19 inches.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the state, as shown by the
records of 97 stations, was 42.2°, or 7.2° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 40.1°, or 7.3° higher than the normal; Central, 42.7°, or
7.6° higher than the normal; Southern, 43.8° of 6.7° higher than the nor-
mal. The highest monthly mean was 45.4°, at Keokuk, and the lowest
was 37.6°, at Sanborn. The highest temperature reported was 74°, at
Clarinda, on the 4th, and the lowest was 11°, at Decorah, on the 25th.
The temperature range for the state was 63°.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the state, as shown by
the records of 100 stations, was 3.54 inches, or 2.03 inches more than the
normal. By divisions, the averages were as follows; Northern, 3.58 inches,
or 2.17 inches more than the normal; Central, 3 36 inches, or 1.83 inches
more than the normal; Southern, 3.69 inches, or 2.11 inches more than the
normal. The greatest amount, 5.28 inches, occurred at Iowa City, and the
least, 1.96 inches, at Perry. The greatest amount in 24 consecutive hours,
2.08 inches, occurred at Glenwood, on the 1st.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 597
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the northwest.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau station was
at the rate of 56 miles per hour, from the southwest, at Sioux City, on the
30th.
Snowfall. The average snowfall for the state was 0.3 inch, or 2.2 inches
less than the normal. Only twice, in 1912 and 1914 when only a trace
was reported, has a less amount of snow occurred in November. The
measurable snowfall was confined to the northeastern portion of the state
and a small area in the extreme northwest corner. The snow in the
northwestern portion occurred on the 12th and in the northeastern portion
on the 27th. None of the snow remained on the ground more than three
days. In the southern division only three stations reported snowfall, and
these only a trace.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the state at 7 a. m. was
82 per cent and at 7 p. m. 72 per cent. The mean for the month was 77
per cent, or 1 per cent above the normal. The highest mean was 84
per cent at Charles City, and the least was 73 per cent, at Keokuk.
Sunshine. The average per cent of the possible amount of sunshine
was 45 per cent, or 7 per cent less than the normal. The per cent of the
possible amounts at the regular Weather Bureau stations was as fol-
lows: Charles City, 28; Davenport, 45; Des Moines, 53; Dubuque, 31;
Keokuk, 53; Sioux City, 47; Omaha, Nebr., 57.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Fog: 1st, 2d, 3d, 9th, 12th, 13th, 17th, 21st,
28th, 30th. Hail: 4th. Halos (Lunar and Solar): 4th, 10th, 24th, 29th,
30th. Rainbows: 1st, 17th. Sleet: 12th. Thunderstorms: 1st, 3d, 4th,
5th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 30th. Winds, strong: 5th, 6th, 7th, 23d, 27th,
28th, 29th, 30th.
Rivers. Moderate rises accurred on the Missouri and most interior
rivers after the general rain that set in on the 11th, but during most of
the month low and nearly stationary stages prevailed. On the Mississippi
River low and nearly stationary stages prevailed throughout the month
but with a slight tendency to higher stages. All rivers remained open
the entire month.
598 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— NOVEMBER.
YEAR
remperature
Precipitation
Number of
Days
•- - s
p*
ftgo
3
a
I
u
ej
00
1
O
"3
e
c3
00
Is
O
to
5
1
6
03
3
o
a
CO
=£a
5,
5
ej
A,
1890
1891
1892 __
1S93
1694
1895
1897
1898
1899
19U0
1901
190*2
1903 I
1904
1905 i
1906 I
1907 ._
1908. J
1909 .1
1910
1911
1912 _
1913 I
1914. __
1915 _.
1916
1917.
1918_ __
1919
1920
1921
1922
38.6
+3.6
78
— 2
1.46
—0.05
3.55
0.71
.
3
15
a
30.5
—4.5
84
—24
1.70
+0.19
3.64
0.66
7
10
8
33.3
—1.7
70
— 3
1.10
—0.41
3.16
0.05
" iX
4
11
8
34.0
—1.0
86
—13
1.17
—0.34
2.56
0.05
4.6
4
16
8
32.7
—2.3
72
— 5
0.92
—0.59
2.42
T.
0.4
4
9
11
34.3
—0.7
86
—12
1.51
0.00
3.01
0.45
4.9
6
9
8
29.6
—5.4
82
—15
1.83
+0.32
4.51
0.16
2.9
6
9
8
34.3
—0.7
81
—19
0.66
—0.85
2.24
T.
1.2
5
12
8
32.2
—2.8
78
—17
1.50
—0.01
3.61
0.33
8.7
6
14
8
43.9
+8.9
86
8
1.20
—0.31
2.97
0.13
0.5
5
12
8
33.5
—1.5
79
— 6
1.06
—0.45
3.35
T.
3.7
6
12
7
35.8
+ 0.8
77
2
0.86
—0.65
2.30
0.20
2.6
3
18
6
41.2
+6.2
79
4
2.13
+0.62
4.19
0.16
1.8
7
9
7
34.2
—0.8
7b
- 5
0.52
—0.99
1.74
T.
1.1
3
13
8
41.0
+6.0
80
4
0.15
—1.36
0.50
0.00
0.5
1
20
6
38.4
+3.4
70
-12
2.84
+ 1.33
5.30
0.90
0.6
5
16
7
35.4
+0.4
76
— 5
2.03
+0.52
3.86
0.35
4.4
8
9
7
36.7
+1.7
68
— 4
1.03
—0.48
2.27
0.05
0.9
4
17
6
39.3
+4.3
80
5
1.56
+0.05
3.31
0.21
1.4
5
14
7
42.4
+7.4
84
— 3
5.39
+3.88
11.48
2.07
6.8
10
10
7
33.4
—1.6
76
5
0.34
—1.17
1.03
T.
0.7
3
13
9
29.9
—5.1
79
— 8
1.42
—0.09
4.99
0.11
1.6
6
11
8
40.1
+5.1
77
6
0.98
—0.53
2.38
0.00
T.
2
18
8
44.1
+9.1
78
10
1.18
—0.33
3.49
0.20
0.4
6
11
7
41.0
+6.0
80
— 4
0.22
—1.29
0.95
0.00
T.
2
19
6
40.2
+5.2
83
— 5
1.94
+0.43
4.86
0.30
1.2
6
11
10
37.3
+2.3
80
— 8
1.61
+0.10
3.65
0.05
3.6
5
16
6
40.7
+5.7
77
3
0.28
—1.23
1.02
T.
1.4
3
14
6
39.9
+4.9
76
0
2.11
+ 0.60
5.10
0.70
4.4
7
13
5
33.6
—1.4
68
—12
3.40
+ 1.89
6.22
1.97
6.3
8
11
7
35.4
+0.4
71
5
2.18
+0.67
4.45
0.73
1.2
8
10
5
33.6
—1.4
70
— 5
0.58
—0.93
1.61
T.
3.4
5
10
5
42.2
+7.2
74
11
3.54
+ 2.03
5.28
1.96
0.3
9
11
6
T. indicates an amount too small to measure, or less than .005 inch rainfall,
and less than .05 inch snowfall.
DECEMBER
December was an unusually pleasant month with the temperature very
near the normal. The month opened with a mild period extending to the
5th over most of the State, followed by a rather severe cold period that con-
tinued through the 20th. Zero weather was general over the entire State.
A number of stations in the northern portion of the State reported zero
weather on 12 days which gradually diminished to the south and at
Keokuk zero was reached on but a single day. From the 21st till the end of
the month an unusually mild period prevailed, and while no abnormally
high temperatures were experienced, the high record for Christmas was
exceeded at many places in all portions of the State. For the State as a
whole the temperature averaged 0.1° higher than the normal, the north-
ern half being generally below and the southern half generally above the
normal.
The precipitation, 0.37 inch, was with one exception the least of record
for December, the same amount having been recorded in 1910. The aver-
age number of days with 0.01 inch or more, of precipitation was three and
this also equaled the record for December. There were but two periods
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 599
of general precipitation, 6th-7th, and 14th. On the 6th-7th a light rain
over most of the State froze to all exposed surfaces. This thin sheet of
ice continued for several days. It was not sufficiently heavy to seriously
interfere with rail traffic, but walking, especially in cities, was difficult
and dangerous and many accidents to pedestrians resulted. Many auto-
mobiles were damaged by skidding and a great many that were without
chains slid into ditches and had to be temporarily abandoned.
The month was free from severe storms. The snowfall was unusually
light, but during the most severe weather, most of the State was covered
sufficiently to prevent serious damage to winter wheat. It did not drift
nor interfere with traffic. Building operations were checked temporarily
by cold weather but conditions were generally favorable for out door work
and at the close of the month very little corn remained to be gathered.
During the cold weather the ice rapidly increased in thickness and
some was harvested but the continued mild weather reduced the thickness
and made it too soft and spongy to store. More cold weather is needed to
insure an adequate ice harvest.
Except for the ice that prevailed during the early part of the month
the roads were in good condition, but the alternate freezing and thawing
made all roads somewhat rough the latter part of the month.
The Mississippi River at Keokuk reached the lowest stage ever experi-
enced, 3.1 feet below the zero of the gage. The continued low stage caused
great trouble and expense to manufacturing interests.
Pressure. The mean pressure (reduced to sea level) for the State was
30.12 inches. The highest recorded was 30.76 inches, at Dubuque, on the
18th, and the lowest was 29.43 inches, at Sioux City, on the 29th. The
monthly range was 1.33 inches.
Temperature. The mean temperature for the State as shown by the
records of 100 stations, was 24.0°, or 0.1° higher than the normal. By
divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol-
lows: Northern, 19.8°, or 1.4° lower than the normal; Central, 24.4°, or
0.3° higher than the normal; Southern, 27.7°, or 1.3° higher than the nor-
mal. The highest monthly mean was 30.5°, at Keokuk, and the lowest
16.4°, at Sanborn. The highest temperature recorded was 65°, at Thur-
man, on the 29th, and the lowest was 25° below zero at Decorah, Nora
Springs and Rock Rapids, on the 18*b The temperature range for the
State was 90°.
Humidity. The average relative humidity for the State at 7 a. m. was
79 per cent, and at 7 p. m. was 68 per cent. The mean for the month was
74 per cent, which is 7 per cent below the normal. The highest monthly
mean was 86 per cent at Charles City, and the lowest was 68 per cent at
Keokuk.
Precipitation. The average precipitation for the State, as shown by
the records of 101 stations, was 0.37 inch, or 0.85 inch less than the nor-
mal. By divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 0.43 inch, or
0.64 inch less than the normal; Central, 0.31 inch, or 0.94 inch less than
the normal; Southern, 0.36 inch, or 0.99 inch less than the normal. The
600 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
greatest amount, 0.97 inch occurred at Wescott, and the least, a trace
at Cumberland, Glenwood, Harlan and Thurman. The greatest amount
in 24 consecutive hours, 0.71 inch occurred at Humboldt, on the 14th.
Sunshine and Cloudiness. The average per cent of the possible amount
of sunshine was 50, or 2 per cent greater than the normal. The per cent
of the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau stations was as
follows: Charles City, 51; Davenport, 42; Des Moines, 59; Dubuque, 40;
Keokuk, 46; Sioux City, 52; Omaha, Nebr., 58.
Snoicfall. The average snowfall for the State was 2.2 inches, or 4.0
inches less than the normal. The greatest amount 8.0 inches, occurred
at Milford, and the least was a trace at Bonaparte, Clarinda, Cumberland,
Glenwood, Harlan, Keosauqua, Stockport and Thurman.
Wind. The prevailing direction of the wind was from the northwest.
The highest velocity reported from a regular Weather Bureau station was
at the rate of 46 miles per hour, from the northwest, at Sioux City, on
the 11th.
Miscellaneous Phenomena. Aurora: 17th. Fog: 4th, 7th, 8th, 22d, 23d,
24th, 25th, 27th, 28th. Hail: 4th. Halos (Lunar and Solar): 1st, 17th,
25th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st. Sleet: 4th, 6th, 7th, 21st, 27th, 30th, 31st.
Thunderstorms: 4th.
Rivers. Low stages prevailed on all rivers. There were sharp fluctua-
tions on the Missouri River and slight fluctuation on the Mississippi
due to ice gorges. The Mississippi River at Dubuque closed on the 13th
and remained frozen the rest of the month. The lowest stage of record
3.1 feet below the zero of the gage, probably due to the manipulation of
the dam, was recorded at Keokuk.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
601
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— DECEMBER.
TEAR
Temperature
Precipitation
Number of
Days
p. 3
S3 •
1890.
1893
1894
1895
1896..
1897
1900
1901__
1902
1903
1904_...
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912 _.
1913. _.
1914
1915___
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920...
1921...
1922
29.1
+5.2
72
13
0 45
—0.77
+1.19
32.3
+8.4
72
—14
2.41
18.9
—5.0
68
-29
1.65
+0.43
22.0
-1.9
70
—21
1.31
+0.09
30.1
+6.2
73
—17
0.95
—0.27
i 25.4
+1.5
63
—16
1.63
+0.41
30.8
+6.9
70
—10
0.65
—0.57
18.0
-5.9
60
—25
1.65
+ 0.43
18.1
-5.8
60
—25
0.48
—0.74
22.6
—1.3
75
—19
1.61
+0.39
26.9
+3.0
63
—10
0.45
—0.77
20.5
—3.4
64
—31
0.93
—0.29
20.1
—3.8
59
—20
2.23
+1.01
19.6
-4.3
58
—27
0.41
—0.81
23.4
—0.5
67
—19
1.44
+0.22
27.0
+3.1
62
—11
0.52
—0.70
25.7
+1.8
65
— 9
1.43
+0.21
28.8
+4.9
62
-9
1.00
—0.22
27.2
+3.3
67
-17
0.57
—0.65
15.1
—8.8
60
-26
2.18
+0.96
23.4
—0.5
57
—14
0.37
—0.85 i
27.9
+4.0
60
—24
2.57
+1.35
29.2
+5.3
64
-13
0.74
—0.48 :
32.0
+8.1
65
-13
1.02
—0.20
15.7
—8.2
63
—31
1.30
+0.08
25.0
t-1.1
56
—10
0.69
-0.53
18.7
—5.2
67
—25
1.04
—0.18
14.5
—9.4
62
—40
0.56
—0.66
32.7
+8.8
68
— 7
1.30
+0.08
15.0
—8.9
52
—36
0.54
—0.68
26.4
+2.5
65
—26
1.16
—0.06
28.2
+4.3
69
-22
1.02
—0.20
24.0
+0.1
65
-25
0.37
—0.85
1.40
4.50
3.04
2.80
1.75
5.74
1.79
3.22
1.70
4.28
2.70
2.75
5.51
1.96
3.68
1.69
2.81
2.28
2.07
6.10
1.39
4.43
1.75
4.73
2.24
1.70
2.00
1.70
3.30
1.55
2.64
3.72
0.97
0.00
3
17
>
1.21
6
14
5
0.20
10.9
8
9
i
0.46
7.6
7
10
i
0.25
1.3
3
15
t
0.00
4.1
5
11
I
T.
1.6
4
10
J-
0.61
15.9
6
11
7
T.
3.9
3
15
8
0.10
4.3
5
12
9
T.
2.4
4
13
6
0.05
5.4
6
10
9
0.67
12.9
8
9
6
T.
3.7
4
11
9
0.06
12.3
5
12
7
T.
4.2
3
19
6
0.37
1.4
6
11
7
0.05
4.7
5
Id
7
0.05
3.8
3
15
8
0.89
13.7
11
10
5
0.01
3.0
3
15
7
0.62
12.6
7
13
fi
0.10
1.1
3
18
7
0.00
1.3
4
15
5
0.57
11.1
9
10
R
T.
4.6
5
11
8
0.35
6.7
6
15
8
0.14
6.7
6
10
9
0.37
5.1
8
9
8
0.08
5.8
4
11
7
0.26
7.4
5
in
8
T.
2.9
4
14
9
T.
2.2
3
16
7
T. Indicates an amount too small to measure,
tion and less than .05 Inch snowfall.
or less than .005 inch preciplta-
602
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
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IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 603
COMPARATIVE DATA FOR THE STATE— Annual.
Temperature
CS
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Date
Date
Precipitation in inches
1890
48.0
110
1891
47.3
106
1892
46.6
104
1893
45.7
102
1894
49.7
109
1895
47.2
104
1896
48.6
104
1897
47.8
106
1898
47.7
103
1899
47.3
104
1900
49.3
103
1901
49.0
113
1902
47.7
98
1903
47.2
101
1904
46.3
100
1905
47.2
104
1906
48.4
102
1907
47.4
102
1908
49.5
101
1909
47.4
103
1910
48.6
108
1911
49.5
111
1912
46.4
104
1913
49.7
108
1914
49.1
109
1915
47.8
99
1916
47.2
106
1917
44.8
106
1918
49.2
113
1919
48.6
104
1920
48.2
102
19^1
52.2
104
1922
50.2
104
July 13—
August 9—
July 11
July* 13
July 26—
May 28
July 3
July* 23—
August 20.
September
August 3__
July 22
July 30
August 24_
July 17
August 11_
July 21
July 5
August 3..
August* 15.
July 16
July* 3
September
July* 16—
July 12
May 14
August 4..
July 30
August 4...
July* 30—
July 23
July* 11—
June 23
—27
—31
—38
—36
—37
—33
—20
—30
—25
—40
— 27
—31
—31
27
—32
—41
—32
—31
—18
—26
—35
—35
—47
—31
—32
-34
—40
-36
—36
—26
—22
—29
January 22—
February 4...
January 19—
January 14—
January 25
February 1__.
January 4
January 25—
December 31..
February 11_.
February 15._
December 15. .
January 27—
December 13__
January 27—
February* 2_.
February 10..
February 5—
January 29—
February* 15.
January 7
January 3
January 12__.
January 8
December 26. _
January 28...
January 13_„
Dpcember 29..
February 4...
December 10..
January* 4...
December 25. .
January 6
31.30
45.74
16.00
32.90
49.05
23.48
36.58
48.77
24.78
27.59
33.27
19.19
21.94
29.81
15.66
26.77
35.25
18.57
37.23
51.60
28.68
26.98
36.18
20.21
31.34
55.47
19.51
28.68
42.06
21.79
35.05
47.33
25.05
24.41
37.69
16.35
43.82
58.80
20.14
35.39
50.53
26.41
28.51
38.93
19.34
36.56
52.26
24.66
31.60
44.34
20.63
31.61
43.90
19.93
35.26
49.98
24.11
40.01
53.48
27.20
19.87
27.99
12.11
31.37
46.77
19.74
28.89
33.13
15.25
20.95
45.18
20.31
31.93
44.11
23.30
39.53
51.15
27.29
28.90
46.34
22.48
27.81
36.00
20.78
32.78
47.53
25.03
36.76
48.16
26.88
31.75
44.00
20.95
32.03
46.47
20.44
29.98
44.20
19.08
34.2
37.2
19.2
26 0
22.6
38.8
40 3
23.4
25.8
38 5
28.0
19.4
29.2
38.3
328
24 0
22.7
49.0
23.4
35.3
39.5
25 4
27.5
31.3
29 5
32.4
33.4
26 6
21.7
30.7
13 5
"And other dates.
604
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
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606
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
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IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
607
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TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
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IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 609
WEATHER AND CROP REVIEW
The winter preceding the crop season of 1922 was warmer and slightly
more moist than normal with snowfall of only 9.5 inches for the three
winter months, which is the least of record and 2.5 inches less than the
winter of 1906-1907 which has heretofore held the record. The storm of
January 4th-5th left a coating of ice over the southern and part of the
central counties that remained for several days. Another ice or "glaze"
storm February 21st-23rd damaged fruit and shade trees. It was feared
that these two storms would kill considerable winter wheat and tame grass
but for some reason only two per cent of the winter wheat was killed,
which is far less than the average.
Considerable precipitation in February and toward the last of March
made the soil too wet to work until well into April. Scarcely a beginning
had been made in spring seeding during the first ten days of April, but
drying weather the rest of the month permitted rapid progress in seeding
and toward the close of the month there was some complaint in the drier
western counties that soil moisture was not sufficient to germinate oats.
Not much spring wheat was sown.
The rather unusual warmth and moisture advanced vegetation rapidly
but did not swell the fruit buds to the danger point and no frost damage
to fruit occurred.
Livestock in general wintered well. Sows bred for. spring pigs in-
creased 29 per cent over the proceeding spring, but the superabundance of
cheap corn and the scarcity of ready cash to buy supplemental feeds, caused
the sows to be fed an unsuitable ration. Cholera, "flu" and other diseases
weakened the sows so that the size, vitality and uniformity of litter were
considerably reduced, and the unfavorable weather of April caused con-
siderable loss of pigs. Though May did not warm up as rapidly as usual,
it was dry and sunshiny and with coming of tender shoots of grass, the
condition of sows and pigs improved rapidly.
Preparations for corn planting proceeded without interference, except
in a few central and eastern counties where heavy local rains occurred
May 23rd-26th. 60 per cent of the acreage was planted by May 15th, and
96 per cent by June 1.
Drouth continued in June, the average rainfall for the month, 1.82
inches, being as little as June, 1911, when one of the more notable drouths
of the State set in. Temperatures were very high, the warmest day of
the year in the northwest portion of the State being June 23, when tem-
peratures of 100° or higher occurred. Inwood reported 104°. Corn was
not materially injured though the leaves curled some on hot afternoons.
By the close of the month the earliest corn was more than waist high and
about half of the crop was laid by. Oats headed very short — too short to
harvest in some localities in the west central and northwest counties, yet
thrashing returns showed yields slightly above the 10-year average over
most of the State and the quality was much better than last year. Win-
ter wheat, spring wheat and barley were not injured as much as expected,
the yield and quality being generally satisfactory.
In contrast with June, July was cool and wet, which went far to repair
rhe crop damage. In only a few northern counties did the temperature get
610 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
as high as 90°. Beginning with a general rainstorm July 5th-7th, fre-
quent copious rains broke the drouth. Much damaging had attended
the rain, yet the benefits of the storms far outweighed the damage. Some
of the storms had tornadic characteristics in small areas. Small grains,
standing and in shock, were damaged by the wind and ram. Yet harvest
progressed well. Much fruit was blown from the trees, but an abundance
remained for full development.
August was the warmest month of the year, the greatest temperature
excess occurring about the 15th-24th, followed by an abrupt change to
50° colder at a number of stations. Excessive rainfall in some southwest
counties was centered in Shelby county, where 9.46 inches fell at Harlan,
but for the State as a whole precipitation was deficient. Shocked grain
was damaged in the wet area, while corn, pastures and truck crops were
injured by drouth in some eastern counties. Much of the State was visited
by severe hailstorms and there was considerable damage from wmd
squalls.
September was warm and considerably drier than the average, the
warmest period being the first eight days, during which over much of
the State the highest temperatures of the year occurred. Many northern
and eastern stations had the highest September temperatures of record —
at one station the highest in 50 years. Slight frosts occurred on the 10th,
11th, 16th, 25th, 26th and 27th but no damage resulted. Silo filling and
fodder cutting made good progress. The corn stood up much better than
last year, and there was much less damage from corn ear worm. Commer-
cial sweet corn and tomato canning proceeded under favorable conditions,
the quality of the pack being very good and the quantity considerably
larger than last year. Deficient rainfall impeded plowing and preparation
for winter wheat seeding, and together with the heat wave, is thought to
have shortened the corn yield slightly, but this was off-set by hastening
the maturity of the corn. Winter wheat seeding was delayed to avoid
Hessian fly, which was unusually numerous till the close of the month.
The first six and last eight days of October were unusually warm.
Killing frosts occurred on the 9th over a large area In the northwest
portion, and on the 12th over most of the State, except a few Mississippi
River counties which did not experience a killing frost, till the 18th.
About 97 per cent of the corn matured without frost damage. The crop
dried rapidly and much was cribbed toward the close of the month. Win-
ter wheat seeding progressed rapidly at the beginning of the month and
85 per cent was finished by October 10. Moisture was generally sufficient
for germination of the wheat which made good growth until near the close
of November. Considerable damage to early seeded wheat by Hessian fly
was reported.
An unusual windstorm November 5 blew much corn to the ground over
the western two-thirds of the State. Current and subsequent rains dam-
aged the down corn, which lay in the muddy fields at temperatures high
enough to cause rotting and sprouting. Husking was considerably de-
layed by the wet fields through which full loads of corn could not be
drawn. Another windstorm Thanksgiving Day, November 30, the most
severe in many years, caused further damage to the remnant of corn re-
maining in the fields.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 611
Iowa's 1922 corn crop is the second largest of record. The old corn on
Iowa farms November 1 was estimated at 39,668,000 bushels; new corn,
December 1, 455,535,000 bushels; total corn 495,203,000 bushels; com-
pared with a total of 502,344,000 bushels in 1921, and 506,943,000 bushels
in 1920. New corn is 28 per cent above pre-war normal; old corn 159;
and total corn 33 per cent above pre-war normal. Fortunately, Iowa
farmers are much better provided with livestock to consume this corn
than they were last year and the corn production for the country as a
whole is less.
It is unusual that both warm weather and cool weather crops produce
well in the same season, but in 1922, practically all crops yielded above
the 10-year average and fruit, particularly apples, made an unusually
large crop. The total value of crops is 57 per cent greater than a year ago.
Bulletin No. 1, April 11, 1922 —
A rather mild winter with the least snow in 32 winters preceded the crop
season of 1922. The ground froze more deeply than usual. March was
warm with an excess of precipitation in the central and south portions.
Winter wheat, rye, grasses, alfalfa and clover wintered well in spite of the
deficiency in moisture and snow cover during much of the winter. The
recent moist, warm weather has been favorable for these crops.
Scarcely a beginning has been made in seeding of oats and spring wheat,
due to the frequent, heavy rains. The soil is generally saturated and
packed. Several days of sunshine are needed to put the soil into condition
to work. At this date last year approximately 85 per cent of the oats had
been seeded but they met disaster in the severe freeze that came later,
from which they never fully recovered. Not much spring wheat will be
seeded.
A few potatoes have been planted and some gardening has been done.
Fruit prospects are believed to be unusually promising in most sections,
yet there is danger that the prevailing warmth and moisture may rush the
buds forward too fast.
Numerous small tornadoes and local windstorms did considerable damage.
Severe hailstorms visited Council Bluffs and Diagonal. Dirt roads are
generally impassable.
Livestock in general wintered well. The number of sows bred for spring
pigs is about 25 per cent greater than last year, but the reports on early
spring pigs are very discouraging. It appears that the superabundance of
cheap corn on the farms and the scarcity of ready cash to buy the supple-
mental feeds needed by brood sows has resulted in overfeeding the sows
with corn. Besides, cholera, "flu" and other diseases caused many of them
to fail to conceive or greatly reduced the size and vitality of the litters.
Contagious abortion is prevalent. The cloudy, rainy weather has been
very unfavorable for the young pigs. So the net result will be much less
than a 25 per cent increase in pork production.
Bees generally wintered well. Though the weather has been unusually
cloudy and rainy, it has been warm, and occasional periods of sunshine
have afforded the bees ample opportunity for cleansing flights and a little
chance to work on maples.
Bulletin No. 2, April 18, 1922 —
Cool cloudy weather with rain or snow prevailed at the beginning and
close of the week, but Thursday, Friday and Saturday (13th-15th) were
favorable for field work in many counties. Frost and freezing tempera-
tures were general on the mornings of the 12th and 18th, but nothing was
susceptible to damage.
612 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
Spring seeding- and work in general is unusually variable in adjacent
counties or localities. Seeding of oats averages about 40 per cent com-
pleted, ranging from none in some of the northeast counties to between
75 and 90 per cent in a belt extending from Palo Alto county southeast to
Polk and thence southwest to Adams, Taylor and Ringgold counties.
An increase in barley acreage is mentioned by some correspondents. Bar-
ley will stand a little later seeding date than oats. Mention is also made
of the possibility that the backward season may divert some of the in-
tended oats acreage to corn, to the extent that the 1922 corn acreage may
be larger than the 1921 which, with a normal season, would mean a repeti-
tion of the overproduction of corn. However, the outlook for weather this
morning (18th) is for several days of fair weather with rising tempera-
ture, so that there is yet time for active work in seeding oats. In some
localities early seeded oats are up and showing green.
Winter wheat, rye, pastures and meadows look unusually good. Pastures
in the south half of the State are already affording considerable grazing
and by May 1 will take the place of nearly all dry feed.
Spring pig reports are very disappointing, due to the causes mentioned
last week and to the cool, damp and cloudy weather.
Favorable wintering of bees is being offset by the unfavorable spring
weather which does not permit the bees to work. "Spring dwindling" is
becoming serious.
Fruit bloom has been benefically retarded in most of the State but
peaches and plums are in full bloom in the extreme southern counties
where there is a possibility of some damage by the freezing temperatures
of Tuesday morning (18th), though of course it will take several days to
accurately judge the amount of damage, if any. Otherwise the fruit out-
look is promising.
Bulletin No. 3, April 25, 1922 —
Mostly dry weather till the rain of Monday, 24th, with sunshine above
normal and considerable wind dried the soil so that field work made ex-
cellent progress — the best of the season.
The bulk of the oats and barley seeding was finished, though little more
than a beginning has been made in some of the extreme northern counties.
Some localities report the work completed and most of the fields up and
showing green. The favorable weather of the past week removed the
necessity for shifting oats acreage to corn. Speculative prices of clover
seed have decreased the intended acreage of clover.
Plowing for corn got a good start in the central and southern districts.
The prospects for an increased acreage are not as strong as seemed
probable earlier in the season.
Temperatures were generally below normal, with frost, freezes and ice
on the 19th. These with the freeze of the 17th and ISth are believed to
have caused slight damage to plums, pears and peaches in the southern
district, but in the central and northern districts buds were not far enough
advanced to be injured. Only a few early plums are in bloom in the cen-
tral districts. All fruit buds are dormant in the northern districts.
Apple buds have not opened yet.
Pastures and meadows did not make much progress due to the cool
weather, yet live stock have been put on pasture quite generally.
Gardens, potatoes and commercial onions were planted this week to a
considerable extent.
A flood crest passed down the Mississippi River this week, inundating
considerable low land.
Bulletin No. 4, May 2, 1922 —
Cool, dry and mostly cloudy weather permitted rapid progress in field
work, retarded the germination and growth of spring grains and the growth
of winter wheat and grasses, and beneficially delayed the blooming of fruits.
• IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 613
Horses and men were able to perform a maximum of work under the
prevailing dry, cool conditions. At least half the preparation for corn
planting- has been done. Planting was begun on dry, rolling uplands in
many localities about the 28th and 29th, Pocahontas County being the most
northerly county reporting this. The soil is yet too cold to make general
planting advisable.
Oats seeding is practically completed in all but the extreme northern
counties and some wet lowlands elsewhere. In the central and northern
districts about one-third of the seed lay ungerminated in the dry soil, but
in the localities covered by the showers of May 1-2, these oats will come
up quickly. Where the moisture is sufficient, the oats are up to a good
stand and look green and fine. In some localities in the southern counties
there is complaint of too much moisture on lowlands.
Winter wheat, rye and grasses made slow growth. Hay, pastures and
spring wheat need more rain in the northern and central counties.
Commercial onion and potato planting is about finished under favorable
weather and soil conditions.
Frosts occurred on several mornings. On the 29th, temperatures slightly
below freezing occurred as far south as the south line of the State.
Strawberry blossoms were damaged considerably in the south, but were
not far enough advanced for damage elsewhere. Plums, peaches and
cherries were in full bloom this week in the central counties, but not yet
open in the north. Apples are about to open. The frosts and freezes
are not believed to have damaged tree fruits appreciably. Spraying has
been active.
The recent dry weather has been more favorable for young pigs and
chickens.
Roads were better than usual during the last week of April.
Bulletin No. 5, May 9, 1922 —
Warm, mostly dry and sunny weather was favorable for field work,
growth of small grains- and grasses and the development and fertilization
of fruit blossoms, except in the northwest district where the drouth was
unfavorable till relieved by the rain of Monday, 8th.
Corn planting has begun in practically all sections and as usual is farther
advanced in the Raccoon and middle Des Moines valleys than elsewhere.
At least one-third of the planting is done in that portion of the State. The
seed bed is warm but rather cloddy. A good soaking rain would be bene-
ficial.
Oats seeding was completed in the northern counties. Over much of the
State oats fields are green and beautiful. In the northwest counties con-
siderable seed lay ungerminated in the dry soil but the recent rain will
give this a start.
Winter wheat and rye have made very good progress. Moisture has been
ample over the winter wheat districts of the State. Grasses, clovers, alfalfa
and pastures have made good growth, except in the northwest district
where it has been too dry.
All fruit prospects are good. Damage by frosts and freezes of last week
were unimportant. Apples are in full bloom in the south and opening
rapidly in the central districts, with a better outlook than usual. Spray-
ing has been active. Hail damage was reported in a few localities on the
5th and 8th.
Gardens and gardening made good progress, though more rain would
be beneficial in most localities. About one-third of the sugar beet area was
planted this week.
Bulletin No. 6, May 16, 1922 —
Abnormally warm weather at the beginning of the week followed by
cooler on the 13th with abundant sunshine over much of the State and
little rain except in a few southeast counties, favored rapid progress in
614 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
plowing for corn, corn planting and other field work, but was unfavorable
for germination of corn and growth of small grains, grasses and gardens.
About two-thirds of the corn has been planted, ranging from nearly com-
pleted in the upper Raccoon Valley to less than half done in the extreme
south central, extreme northeast and extreme northwest counties. Much
of that planted in the last 10 days in the western half of the State lies un-
germinated in the dry soil. The early planted fields are up and show rows
except in dry patches. Corn cultivation has begun in Pocahontas county.
Recently prepared seed beds were so dry that they plowed up cloddy and
are in poor condition. A good soaking rain is badly needed except in the
southeast portion of the State.
Oats that were up before the dry weather came have made fair progress,
but in the drier west central and northwest counties in many fields the oats
still lie ungerminated in the dry soil. In Crawford county some land seeded
to oats has been plowed up and will be planted to corn as it is believed to
be too late for these oats to grow and make a crop. The drouth is opening
large cracks in the soil.
Winter wheat and rye need rain but are not suffering seriously. Rye has
begun to head out in the southern counties.
The recent dry, warm, sunny weather has been favorable for young
animals, especially pigs. The later farrowed litters are much better than
the earlier due not only to the weather but to the effect of succulent grass
on the condition of the sows.
Tree fruits are in full bloom in the northern counties. In the central and
southern counties a large quantity of fruit has set on. Strawberries are
blooming profusely in the central counties but the crop will be disap-
pointing throughout the State if rain does not come soon.
Bulletin No. 7, May 23, 1922 —
Insufficient rain except in the northeast and southeast districts, temper-
ature slightly below normal and sunshine deficient in the eastern and cen-
tral districts were unfavorable for the best progress of crops. In some
western counties the drouth was becoming serious, but rain is falling over
most of the State this morning (23d) and the amounts are already large
enough to break the drouth in the southwestern counties.
Corn is coming up very unevenly. In dry patches it has not yet come
through the ground while the earliest under favorable conditions is three
to four inches high and has been cultivated once. Planting is about 90 per
cent completed. Dry, cloddy soil has greatly retarded this work in the
south central and southeast counties.
Oats that were up and well established before the drouth are doing
fairly well, but much of the acreage shows a thin stand with large areas
still ungerminated or making a struggle to come through the ground. The
outlook for an oats crop is not very good at this time.
Winter wheat has made fair progress but will be benefited by the rain
that is falling. The same is true of grasses, pastures, alfalfa, gardens and
all other crops in most of the State. Rye is heading in the central districts.
StrawDerries have set an unusually heavy crop but rain has been badly
needed. Grapes are beginning to bloom in the central districts. The Secre-
tary of the State Horticultural Society reports the condition of fruit and
vegetables on May 15th, as follows: "Apples 92; pears 86; plums 95;
cherries 91; strawberries 92; grapes 90; red raspberries 79; black raspber-
ries 88; blackberries 81; gooseberries 80; currants 93; peaches 91; early
potatoes 90; late potatoes 89; early cabbage 89; late cabbage 90; onions 94;
sweet corn 95; tomatoes 94 per cent.
Bulletin No. 8, May 30, 1922 —
Three weeks with deficient rainfall constitute a serious and damaging
drouth in the west-central and northwest districts, while in the southern
and eastern districts rain has been copious and in some localities damaging.
Considerable lowland has been overflowed in the lower Des Moines valley.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 615
Corn planting and cultivation has been delayed in the extreme southern
and eastern counties, where about 10 per cent of the planting remains to
be done.
Oats have been seriously damaged in the drier districts, where the stand
is thin and the general appearance of the crop is poor.
"Winter wheat is heading short in the southern and eastern counties, yet
it is believed that prospects for this crop are generally good. Rye looks
generally good.
Grasses and pastures are poor in the west-central and northwest dis-
tricts. In these districts the hay crop from timothy and clover will be
light, but alfalfa promises a fair crop.
The fruit outlook continues good except that strawberries badly need
rain in the west-central and northwest districts. The berries are beginning
to ripen in the central districts.
Bees have done exceptionally well in recent weeks. The honey flow has
been large enough and the weather suitable for abundant brood rearing.
As a rule, colonies are approaching the main flow of honey from white
clover, sweet clover and linden in strong condition and should make good
returns from these sources which promise well.
Bulletin No. 9, June G, 1022 —
Drouth continues in the west-central and northwest counties, where oats
and spring wheat have been seriously damaged and all other crops more
or less damaged. Much corn lies ungerminated in the dry soil.
In about four-fifths of the State moisture has been ample, but throughout
the State temperatures have been deficient during the past week, to the ex-
tent that furnace fires were needed. The minimum temperatures were low
in the 40s on several mornings with light frost at Buck Grove, Crawford
county, on the 31st.
Corn has mostly been cultivated once except in the dry, backward
counties; and cross cultivation is well started. For the State, as a whole,
the percentage condition of the crop on June 1st was 92 per cent as shown
by about 1000 reports. This is about the 10-year average. The recent
rains have softened the clods in the southern and eastern counties so that
cultivation is much easier. Considerable replanting has been necessary
in these counties on account of heavy rains and the depredations of cut
worms and wire worms. Reports from 1000 correspondents show that 60
per cent of the corn was planted up to May 15th, and 96 per cent, up to
June 1st. The former is somewhat more than usual.
Winter wheat is heading rapidly, mostly on short straw, but with fair
prospects for a crop. Rye is making good progress, being in full head
generally and filling well in the southern counties. Barley is doing well
except in dry territory.
A very good first cutting of alfalfa has been or is being harvested in the
Missouri River counties. The quality is excellent, due to the prevailing dry
weather with ample sunshine, which has been favorable for curing. Red
clover is being cut in the southern counties and is blooming freely in the
north. Timothy promises well except in the dry counties.
Fruit prospects are excellent, especially peaches. Strawberries are some-
what disappointing due to drouth in the northwest and west-central
counties and excessive rains in the south and east. Grapes are about in the
middle of their blooming period.
Commercial cabbage setting is progressing under favorable conditions in
Mitchell county. Onions were so nearly overcome by weeds that many fields
were plowed up and replanted. Commercial tomatoes are all planted in
Mahaska county but considerable trouble with cut worms is reported.
The honey flow from yellow sweet clover has begun, having been has-
tened somewhat where drouth prevails.
616 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
Bulletin Vio. 10, June 13, 1922 —
Warm and mostly dry weather with abundant sunshine was favorable
for corn and other warm weather crops over most of the State, though the
light showers of the week failed to break the drouth in the west central and
northwest counties where all crops are suffering for rain.
Corn grew rapidly, the tallest now being from six inches to "knee" high.
Cultivation made good progress. Much of the crop has been cultivated
twice. Conditions were fine for weed killing and fields are mostly clean.
Planting and replanting was finished during the week.
Oats need rain badly almost everywhere, and in the drouth stricken west-
central and northwest counties this crop will be poor. However, this crop
shows improvement in the extreme southern counties. Other spring grains
are not very promising.
Winter wheat made good progress generally and the heads are filling
nicely, but considerable damage from Hessian fly is reported in Polk county.
First cutting of alfalfa continued under favorable condition for curing
and a good crop, of excellent quality, has been secured. Red clover is gen-
erally heavy except in the drier regions. The hay crop other than alfalfa
will be light in the western counties.
Strawberries have yielded well except in the dry counties. About a
week's picking remains in the central counties and 10 days to two weeks in
the extreme north. Early cherries are ripening rapidly and a large crop is
indicated. Apples, pears and peaches have had a considerable "June drop,"
especially where the winds have been strong, but an abundant crop re-
mains on the trees.
Commercial cabbage setting was completed in Mitchell county this week.
Onions and tomatoes made good progress. A few early tomatoes are in
bloom.
Honey producing plants are loaded with bloom or buds and a large flow
of honey is in prospect with the bees in good condition to harvest it.
Bulletin No. 11, June 20, 1922 —
Mostly hot, dry weather with nearly normal sunshine and strong drying
wind was favorable for second and third cultivation of corn and for
cutting clover hay but unfavorable for oats, spring wheat and potatoes.
Drouth continues in the west central and northwest counties though
slightly relieved by showers in a few localities.
Much corn is now "knee high"; the second cultivation is generally com-
pleted and the third well advanced. This with good weed killing weather
makes the fields mostly clean and the general condition of the crop good,
though poor stands are reported from many dry localities.
Oats continued to deteriorate in the drouthy counties where they are
heading too short to be cut with a binder and will be mostly cut with a
mower. In some instances stock is being turned in to pasture oats, which
are not worth cutting. The hot, dry winds with temperatures high in the
90's the first half of the week, caused oats to head short and fill poorly over
much of the State.
Winter wheat made fair progress in filling and a few fields are turning
color, but more moisture would be beneficial. More than usual damage
from Hessian fly is reported in Madison and Polk counties, particularly in
fields that were seeded before September 15.
Early potatoes are in bloom, but the prevailing hot, dry weather is un-
timely for this crop. Colorado potato beetles are unusually numerous and
much spraying is being done to save the crop.
The honey flow from linden and white clover is at its height in the central
and southern counties, somewhat earlier than usual. Bees were generally
in good condition to harvest the crop and a large production seems assured.
The best colonies of bees in Scott county have already stored 150 pounds of
surplus honey.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 617
Early cherry harvest is progressing- rapidly with very satisfactory re-
sults. The later strawberries were cut short by the hot, drying winds and
dry weather and picking is about over.
The timothy hay crop is reported as unpromising, also clover in the dry
west central and northwest counties, but first cutting of alfalfa yielded a
good crop which with favorable weather was harvested in excellent condi-
tion and the second growth of alfalfa is vigorous and promising.
Flax is looking well and beginning to bloom in the northern counties, to
which it is largely confined.
Bulletin No. 12, June 27, 1922 —
Mostly hot, dry, sunny weather with brisk, drying winds on some days
was unfavorable for nearly all crops, though favorable for cultivating corn
and harvesting clover hay during the past week.
The drouth and heat were sufficient to curl the corn leaves in the after-
noons in the west central, northwest and north central districts where
temperatures near 100 occurred on the 23d, the highest being just 100 at
Cherokee. In other sections corn has not been injured much but would
be benefitted by a good soaking rain. The earliest corn in all portions of
the State ranges from knee high to waist high, shades the ground, and
much has been "laid by," but for the State as a whole the height averages
about 15 inches, the late planted is fighting a losing battle with the drouth
and much of it shows a poor stand. The fields- are generally clean. Chinch
bugs are damaging corn in Lee county.
Oats are mostly in the critical milk stage. They have headed very short,
and nothing but a long period of abnormally cool, moist weather can pre-
vent a poor crop. Cattle have been turned into many fields that are too
short to cut. However, a few of the earliest fields promise a fair crop.
Winter wheat is turning rapidly and considerable has been cut in the
southeast counties. Good yield and quality are indicated, but more damage
from Hessian fly is reported than for many years. Spring wheat, which is
mostly raised in the drier counties along the Missouri and Big Sioux rivers,
is generally in poor condition.
Clover harvest progressed rapidly with conditions favorable for curing.
The yield is good except in western counties where the drouth set in
early. Timothy needs rain badly. Second crop alfalfa will be short unless
good rains come soon in the western counties, where it is mostly raised.
Pastures are drying up and turning brown like late July or August.
Early cherries are about all gathered. The yield has been good. Cane
fruits- are seriously needing rain.
Potatoes and gardens have been greatly injured by the heat and drouth,
though truck crops in Mitchell county are still in good condition.
Bulletin No. 13, July 4, 1922 —
Good rains in western Iowa temporarily relieved the long drouth, but
came too late for oats, spring wheat, clover and timothy hay and potatoes
which suffered irreparable injury. Deficient rain elsewhere is unfavorable
for filling of oats which are generally in the milk or dough stage, though
some early fields have been harvested.
Early planted corn made good progress. More than half the crop has
been laid by in good condition. Late corn has had a hard battle with the
drouth. Several stations report the lightest June rainfall in 28 years. Corn
varies in height from six inches to six feet. As a whole the outlook for
this crop is good.
Winter wheat harvest is progressing rapidly and while there are a few
adverse reports, the yield in general will be above the average and of ex-
cellent quality. Rye harvest is about finished with satisfactory results.
Clover and timothy haying was favored by the absence of rain. The
quality of the crop is excellent, though the yield has been somewhat re-
duced by the drouth.
618 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
Potatoes, both early and late, have been seriously injured by the heat and
drouth. Unless general soaking rains come soon the crop will be nearly a
failure. Gardens and pastures have also suffered.
The main honey flow is past and an excellent crop has been secured.
The flow from sweet clover continues.
Bulletin No. 14, July 11; 1922 —
Rainfall the past week exceeded one inch except in some west-central
counties. In large areas the rainfall was between three and four inches,
and in a few localities exceeded four inches. The drouth was effectually
broken, yet more rain will soon be needed in the west-central counties
where soil moisture is greatly deficient. For the State as a whole, June,
1922, was the driest June on record.
Some local damage resulted from excessive rains, windsqualls and hail-
storms. In portions of Boone and Story counties hail, July 5, caused total
destruction of crops over considerable areas, amounting to hundreds of
thousands of dollars. Small grains were beaten down by the rain over
large areas. Temperatures and sunshine were noticeably deficient.
Corn was greatly benefited by the rains and made good progress. The
earliest fields are beginning to show tassels in nearly all portions of the
State. About 85 per cent of the crop has been laid by. Reports from hun-
dreds of correspondents on July 1st showed the condition of the crop to be
about the 10-year average, and considerable improvement has occurred
since that time.
Oats. July 1, showed the lowest percentage condition since 1911. The
cool, rainy weather of the past week will materially aid the filling of late
oats but came too late for early oats which are already being harvested.
Though the straw is short the grains are of good quality.
Winter wheat harvest made rapid progress. More than half of the crop
is in shock. Good to excellent yield and quality are indicated. Spring
wheat has been seriously damaged in the large producing west-central
counties. The condition July 1 was the lowest since 1894. Poor results in
recent years have diminished the acreage so that this crop is now of rela-
tively little importance. Barley harvest is in progress. The condition of
this crop is the poorest since 1911.
Late potatoes were greatly improved by the recent cool, cloudy and rainy
weather, but early potatoes were too far along to be helped. Cabbage,
onions and garden truck were also benefited.
Hay making was greatly impeded by the rain. Considerable hay was
damaged in the making. The second cutting of alfalfa is in progress in
the west-central, alfalfa section, where the frequency and intensity of
rainfall has not greatly interfered.
Bulletin No. 15, July 18, 1922 —
Copious to excessive rains occurred this week in all but the extreme
northern and western counties. The rain was attended by strong wind and
hail in many localities. The principal damage so far reported is in Black
Hawk, Boone, Cerro Gordo, Fayette, Greene, Polk, Story and Wright
counties. Temperature and sunshine were again deficient.
Harvesting and thrashing were delayed in the storm area. Unharvested
small grain, mostly oats, were beaten down by wind and rain over large
areas. Thrashing of winter wheat, barley and early oats, which was well
under way in the southern third of the State, was interrupted by the rains.
Shocked grain was saturated and in some cases had started to heat, germi-
nate and rot. The dry, sunny weather that is following will help to dry
the grain much of which will have to be spread out for this purpose.
Early thrashing returns show a yield of winter wheat slightly above the
average and quality excellent. The recent cool, moist weather has bene-
ficially prolonged the ripening of late oats. Early oats that have been
thrashed yielded a little better than was expected, though considerably
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 619
below the average. The quality is better than last year. Much hay has
been damaged in the making.
Corn has made good growth. Tasseling is becoming general and ears
are appearing in the earliest fields. In general the crop is about a week
or ten days later than last year.
The Secretary of the State Horticultureal Society reports the condition
of fruits and vegetables on July 15 as follows: "Summer apples, 80; fall
apples, 79; winter apples, 70; pears, 63; plums, 73; grapes, 95; red rasp-
berries, 76; black raspberries, 80; blackberries, 70; gooseberries, 86; cur-
rants, 86; peaches, 83; early potatoes, 71; late potatoes, 80; early cabbage,
86; late cabbage, 87; onions, 84; sweet corn, 90; tomatoes, 89; watermelons.
80; cucumbers, 80; sweet potatoes, 86 per cent."
Bulletin IVo. 16, July 25, 1922 —
Light to moderate showers with temperature and sunshine slightly below
normal were generally favorable for crops and not seriously detrimental to
harvesting and thrashing. Hail storms of the 16th, mentioned last week,
though wreaking total destruction of crops in areas as large as 25 farms,
were not of great importance as compared with the total crops of the State.
The accompanying wind and rain over large areas and also windstorms of
the 22d in the western part of the State damaged the overloaded fruit trees,
blew off much fruit, flattened the uncut grain and damaged the shock
grain. Corn, though blown over badly, will mostly recover.
Corn made satisfactory progress, It varies greatly in stage of develop-
ment, some fields showing large ears and abundant silk and others not yet
showing tassels. In general the crop it at least a week later in develop-
ment than last year and is silking and tasseling on shorter stalks but this
is probably not a disadvantage.
Harvesting is practically completed excepting in the northern third of
the State. The cool, moist weather of July has greatly improved late oats.
Thrashing has been considerably delayed by wet shocks and slightly de-
layed in localities by coal shortage resulting from the miners' strike.
Early thrashing returns show unusual variability in yields. In general
winter wheat yield has been very satisfactory and oats has turned out
better than expected from the exceedingly short straw. The usual large
movement of grain from the machine to market has been delayed by car
shortage resulting from the railroad strike.
Most of the timothy seed crop was headed or otherwise harvested during
the last week. The indications are that the total crop will be somewhat
less than last year. Second cutting of alfalfa is in progress.
Though many apples, plums, pears and peaches have been blown from the
trees by recent windstorms, there is still an abundance of fruit. Early
apples and windfalls are being fed to hogs. The berry crop is good and
there is an excellent prospect for grapes. Watermelons and muskmelons
are promising.
Bulletin No. 17, August 1, 1922 —
Generous rains occurred throughout the State, particularly in the western
portion where moisture has been seriously deficient. The temperature
which has been deficient most of July, rose toward the close of the week
and several stations reported their only 90 temperatures of the month on
the last day. Destructive winds are reported over relatively small areas
and a tornado in Floyd county near Colwell.
Shocked grain was saturated by the heavy rains. The quality of oats
was considerably reduced by molding, sprouting and rotting. Thrashing
has been greatly delayed by the wet weather and slightly by coal shortage.
Considerable of the thrashed oats are not dry enough to keep in bins,
partly because of the wet weather and partly because they were cut too
green. A beginning has been made in thrashing in all but some of the ex-
620 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
trerae northern counties and several localities report this work one-fourth
done. Yields of oats are generally better than expected and the quality-
would have been very good but for the rain damage. Winter wheat yields
are slightly above the average. Considerable is going from machine to
market at $1.00 per bushel.
Abundant moisture and greater warmth pushed corn ahead at a normal
rate. Practically all is tasseled, much is silked and large ears are seen in
the earliest fields in all portions of the State. The outlook for this crop is
promising.
Potatoes were greatly favored by the cool, moist July and the outlook for
this crop is better than for several years, at this time of the year. The acre-
age is, however, rather small, due to repeated failures in recent years.
Cabbage, onions, tomatoes, melons and other truck crops have made good
progress. Apples are unusually abundant and where sprayed the crop is of
excellent quality. Peaches, pears and plums are in excellent condition.
Recent rains have started honey producing plants to blooming freely and
a very good late flow of honey is indicated. Buckwheat looks good.
Pastures, second growth clover and third growth alfalfa are making un-
usual progress for the time of year. Some alsike and medium red clover
seed from first cutting has been thrashed and the yields are reported good.
Timothy seed thrashing, though delayed by wet weather, has made good
progress and the yields are satisfactory.
Bulletin No. 18, August 8, 1922 —
Little or no rain over most of the State, seasonable temperature and nor-
mal sunshine were favorable conditions for finishing the harvest in the
northern counties and for drying the shocked grain; and with ample soil
moisture from previous rains corn made very good progress.
Thrashing was nearly suspended till after the middle of the week. The
wet bundles could scarcely be fed through the machines and the thrashed
grain heated in the bins. Strong northerly winds with low humidity set in
Sunday night, drying the grain rapidly so that shocked thrashing and
stacking are making rapid progress. For the State as a whole not more
than one-fourth of the thrashing has been done. Yields of oats, especially
late oats, are turning out better than expected and in general will prob-
ably be up to or slightly above the 10-year average and considerably
better than last year.
Corn made good progress. Roasting ears are reported in the earliest
fields in the southern counties and the milk stage in the northwest. In
general the crop is about 10 days later than last year, but with normal
weather a good crop is indicated.
Abundant soil moisture has made plowing easy and a good beginning has
been made in some localities. A large acreage of fall wheat will be seeded
in Taylor county.
Truck crops, potatoes and pastures are in good to excellent condition.
Considerable commercial cabbage has been shipped from Mitchell county
and onions are maturing gradually and will be a good crop. Tomatoes have
set a good crop and are ripening rapidly. Late potatoes are more promis-
ing than for several years. The peach crop will be the largest for several
years. Apples are so abundant that there is no market for them and they
are rotting or being fed to hogs. Early grapes are beginning to turn, and
a heavy crop is indicated.
Bulletin No. 19, August 15, 1922 —
Rainfall of the week was normal or above in the south-central, central and
north-central districts and portions of the southwest and west-central dis-
tricts, but deficient elsewhere. Temperatures were abnormally low at the
beginning of the week but became higher toward the close and reached 90
degrees or higher at many stations on Monday, 13th. Sunshine was defi-
cient in the northeast and above normal in the southwest portion of the
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 621
State. Hail occurred over large areas on the 9 th and caused complete
destruction of crops in unusually large areas in Audubon, Cass, Crawford,
Dickinson and Shelby counties.
Corn made fair progress, but needs higher temperature in all portions of
the State during the next three weeks to bring it through ahead of frost.
Recent favorable conditions1 in the west-central and northwest districts
caused the corn there to catch up to the rest of the State but everywhere
the corn is 10 days to two weeks later than last year. The earliest fields
are just beginning to dent; the bulk of the crop has scarcely reached the
roasting ear stage; much is yet in the milk; and the latest is just tasseling.
There are no complaints of barren stalks as was the case last year. With
favorable weather a large crop will be matured. Rain is needed in some
northeast and southeast counties for the best development of the crop.
Thrashing, though delayed by wet weather, is about 75 per cent com-
pleted. The coal shortage has caused more than the usual amount of stack-
ing in some sections. Yield reports continue good to execellent, except
that oats in the west-central and northwest districts are about half a
crop. Flax harvest began on the 10th. Considerable timothy is standing
in the shocks unthrashed.
A good second crop of red clover and a third crop of alfalfa is ready to
harvest and this work has already begun in Scott county. Clover is re-
ported full of seed, but needs warm, dry weather to ripen the seed. Con-
siderable mildew is reported on clover.
Fall plowing has made good progress in many sections, but is much
harder to do than would ordinarily be expected from the amount of rain
that has fallen. The soil is turning up cloddy. Increased fall wheat acre-
age is indicated in several counties.
Melons, sweet corn, tomatoes and onions are yielding well. The com-
mercial canning season is at its height. Considerable shipments of onions
have been made from the large onion producing sections in Mitchell and
Harrison counties. Potatoes, though yielding better than usual in gardens
and on ordinary farms, are below normal in the Mitchell county commercial
producing region.
Bulletin No. 20, August 22, 1922 —
The warmest week of the season with ample to copious rains over most
of the State and sunshine above normal made an unusual meteorological
medley beneficial to corn, pastures and most other crops, while potatoes are
not believed to have been injured by the heat. Most of the rain fell Monday
morning, the 21st. Temperatures were high in the 90's on several after-
noons.
Soil moisture is now generally sufficient to mature the corn crop, but
two weeks of hot weather are needed. The earliest corn is past the roast-
ing ear stage and some is nearly ready for the silo, but much is yet in the
milk.
Shock thrashing is about finished in most sections of the State. Yields
are usually variable but will average good, except oats in the west-central
and northwest portions of the State.
Third cutting of alfalfa and second cutting of medium red clover was
pushed rapidly. The heat and sunshine of the early part of the week
cured the crop nicely. Late reports from timothy thrashing indicate good
yields. Second clover crop blossoms are full of seed and a good seed crop
is indicated. Some first clover thrashed for seed has yielded well.
Recent rains have aided plowing. Further reports of increased acreage
to be seeded to fall wheat have been received.
The Secretary of the State Horticultural Society reports the condition of
fruits August 15 as follows: Summer apples, 80; fall apples, 77; winter
apples, 70; pears, 69; grapes, 98; red raspberries, 76; black raspberries, 87;
blackberries, 87; peaches, 82; plums, 62; early potatoes, 73; late potatoes,
622 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
85; early cabbage, 80; late cabbage, 90; onions, 82; sweet corn, 95; tomatoes,
93; cucumbers, 85; watermelons, 83; and sweet potatoes, 85 per cent of a
full crop.
Bulletin No. 21, August 29, 1922 —
Hot weather at the beginning of the week culminated in the highest
temperature of the season on the 24th, followed by a fall of about 40 de-
grees in 12 hours and cool thereafter. Heavy rains fell in Polk county and
in adjacent west-central, central and south-central counties. Elsewhere
the rain was mostly light to moderate. More rain is needed in the east-
central and northeast counties.
Corn made excellent progress till the cool weather came. Much of it is
dented and a little in the northern part of the State is considered safe from
frost. Cutting for fodder and silo will begin soon in the north-central
counties. More hot weather is needed but more rain would probably be a
disadvantage. The general condition of the crop is good. Reports from a
special list of correspondents show that the average date of planting was
May 12, the same as last year, and that the average date when 75 per cent
was silked was July 27, 75 days after planting and 10 days later than last
year. The loss of 10 days was due to the cool period extending from the
first of July to the middle of August, when the temperature averaged about
two degrees per day below normal. No harm will result if tempera-
tures are normal or higher during the next three weeks.
Thrashing of small grain has been completed in many localities and is
nearly completed everywhere. Shipments of grain are slow, owing to poor
transportation. Roads are mostly good. Clover seed hulling and timothy
seed thrashing are in progress with mostly good reports. Considerable
second crop clover remains to be cut and reports on seed prospects from
second crop clover are rather conflicting.
Late potatoes, truck and pastures are generally good, though more rain
is rather seriously needed in the east and southeast counties. Onion and
potato harvest is progressing well in Mitchell county and cabbage is being
shipped when refrigerator cars can be obtained. Apples are over-abundant
with practically no market. Other fruits are plentiful.
Commercial sweet corn and tomato canning made good progress. These
crops have yielded well.
Plowing was interrupted by the hot weather and by heavy rains over the
sections where these fell, but has now been resumed except in the east and
northeast counties, where the soil is too dry.
Bees are storing a large amount of honey of excellent quality from fall
flowers and Hubam sweet clover and building up strength to withstand the
winter.
Bulletin No. 22, September 5, 1922 —
The past week was next to the warmest of the season. Rainfall ranging
from practically none in the north and east to excessive local downpours- in
the southwest portions.
Corn made very good progress. Considerable of the earliest is safe from
frost, particularly in the northern counties, and only a little of the latest
has not dented. Seed corn can now be gathered. Silo filling and fodder
cutting is due to begin any time, though as yet none has been reported.
The general condition of the crop is good, though the yield has been some-
what reduced by drouth in the northern and eastern counties.
Where rain has been sufficient, fall plowing and preparation for seeding
winter wheat and rye has made good progress. The favorable conditions in
the usual winter wheat raising sections of the State, together with more
favorable yield and price of that crop compared with oats, will result in a
considerable increase in acreage seeded to winter wheat. Seeding will be
delayed to avoid the Hessian fly. Over the western half of the State soil and
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 623
weather conditions have been favorable for fall seeding of alfalfa which
will augment the steady increase in acreage of this valuable crop. Three
cuttings of alfalfa have been made in most sections this season and a
fourth is in prospect in some localities.
Sugar beet yield has been shortened considerably by drouth in some lo-
calities, but the quality of the beets for sugar making purposes is reported
as good. Sorghum cutting and grinding is now in progress.
The dry, hot weather in the northern counties has been unfavorable for
late potatoes. Such commercial potatoes as are raised in Iowa come mostly
from these counties. Onion harvest is well advanced in Mitchell and Har-
rison counties. Cabbage cutting has been suspended in Mitchell county on
account of scarcity of suitable cars in which to ship.
Bulletin No. 23, September 12, 1922 —
September 4th to 8th, inclusive, was the hottest five-day period of the
season. Many stations reported maximum temperatures around the 100
mark on the 6th and several established new high records for September.
The temperature fell decidedly on the 9th and 10th. Light frosts were re-
ported in the northwest on the 10th and at several places in nearly all dis-
tricts of the morning of the 11th with temperatures in the 30's, the lowest
reported being 31 at Washta. There was no material damage except to
tender garden truck. Rains following the heated term were generous
except in the northwest and north central districts.
Reports from hundreds of monthly correspondents on September 1 showed
that with normal weather, 68 per cent of the corn would be safe from frost
by September 20; 81 per cent by September 30; and if frost held off till
October 15, 93 per cent would be safe and until October 31, 98 per cent.
The recent hot, dry weather has hastened maturity so that more than 70
per cent is already safe, but it is- believed that the crop has been shortened
somewhat by this premature ripening, particularly in the northern and
eastern counties where the drouth has been acute for several weeks.
Some of the latest corn has not dented yet. Fodder cutting and silo filling
is being pushed vigorously. It is probable that more of the crop will be
handled this way than last year, since it is standing up well generally.
Truck crops, pastures and plowing were greatly benefited by the rains,
but more rain is needed in the northwest and north central counties.
Shipping of potatoes, onions and cabbage is brisk in Mitchell county.
Canning factories are bringing the season's work to a close, though some
are still running a full force on sweet corn and will soon begin on pump-
kins. The pack of sweet corn is larger than last year, but only about
half that of 1920.
The fourth crop of alfalfa was also benefited by the rains. The honey
flow from fall flowers was shortened in the drouthy districts.
Over most of the winter wheat counties, soil conditions have been favor-
able for plowing and preparation of seed bed, but the actual work of seed-
ing is awaiting a date safe from Hessian fly, which is more numerous than
for many years.
Bulletin No. 24, September 19, 1922 —
Rains of the week were generous and well distributed over a wide belt
extending from southwest to northeast across the State, but generally defi-
cient elsewhere. Temperature and sunshine were deficient.
Corn made rather slow progress as a result of the cool weather, though
this will probably be an advantage if frost holds off long enough, for it
offset to some extent the premature ripening of previous hot weeks.
Probably 85 per cent of the crop is now safe from moderate frost, though
not from a severe freeze. During the last 10 years only 82 per cent of the
crop on the average has escaped frost damage, but this 10-year period in-
cludes the three unusually bad years, 1912, 1915 and 1917. Slight damage
occurred on lowlands from frost on the 11th. The rapid drying of the crop
624 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
during- the first part of September hastened silo filling and fodder cutting
In some localities the work has been completed. There are a few reports
that "hogging down" has begun.
Potato digging is well under way in some localities, with good reports as
to yield and quality. The yield will be about double that of last year. Late
truck crops and pastures were improved by the rains. Tomatoes and
melons are in good condition, although slightly nipped by frost on lowlands
in some localities on the 11th.
Preparations for winter wheat seeding have continued in the usual winter
wheat section of the State and extended northward more than usual, though
the acreage in the northern half of the State will of course be relatively
small. Seeding has begun in Lee and Woodbury counties, but is being gen-
erally delayed to avoid the Hessian fly. It is probable that the fly-free date
will be announced by the State Entomologist at Ames, after which the win-
ter wheat will be seeded with a rush.
The Secretary of the State Horticultural Society reports the condition of
fruits and vegetables, on September 15, as follows: Fall apples, 85; winter
apples, 70; pears, 69; plums, 75; grapes, 95; peaches, 80; late potaoes, 75;
late cabbage, 81; onions, 84; tomatoes, 92; watermelons, 86; cucumbers, 78;
sweet potatoes, 77 per cent of a full crop.
Bulletin No. 25, September 2G, 1922 —
Warm days, cool nights and almost rainless weather were favorable for
maturing corn, digging potaoes, fall plowing, winter wheat seeding and
other farm work.
Corn is about up to the normal stage of advancement though a few late
planted fields are still green. Less than 10 per cent would now be damaged
by a moderately heavy frost. Considerable fodder cutting and silo filling
was done the past week and a little cribbing has been done from the earli-
est fields. Light frost in some localities of the northwestern portion of
the State on the morning of the 25th did no appreciable damage.
Winter wheat seeding is under way in a good many counties though there
is still danger that wheat seeded now may come up in time to catch a
liberal deposit of Hessian fly eggs. During the warm afternoons recently
the State Entomologist reported a large increase in eggs deposited. In
Warren county 13 eggs per wheat plant were deposited on the 23d. A few
early seeded winter wheat fields in Lucas and Wayne counties are already
up and 3 inches high. There are reports of winter wheat seeding ex-
tending northward into new territory in central Iowa.
Buckwheat is being harvested and the crop is reported as good in the
northeastern part of the State, to which this crop is mostly confined.
Sugar beet harvest is about to begin in Wright county, where the quality
of the beets is reported as good.
Fall apple picking is in progress. The crop is excellent in quantity and
quality where spraying was attended to properly. Grape harvest is about
finished; the crop was abundant.
Potatoes and onions by the trainload in Mitchell county are being held in
warehouses on account of shortage of cars in which to ship.
As a whole the season has been favorable for nearly all crops and in this
respect Iowa has been more favored than surrounding states. For this
reason prices should be more satisfactory this year than last year pro-
vided products are not rushed to market too fast.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
625
CROP SEASON WEATHER, 1922, BY WEEKS.
Average rainfall, mean temperature and mean sunshine with departures from
the normal, as derived from the records of selected stations.
Rainfall
Temperature
(inches)
(Deg. Fahr.)
Sunsnine
bfl
Week ending
a>
o
«
p
3
a>
c3
a
5
CJ
a
a
a
CO
3
o
0
Ph
a>
P
April 4
April 11
April 18
April 25
May 2
May 9—
May 16
May 23
May 30
June 6
June 13
June 20 —
June 27
July 4
July 11
July 18—
July 25
August 1
August 8
August 15
August 22
August 29
September 5__.
September 12...
September 19
September 26...
October 3
For the season.
0.7
+0.2
41
— 1
27
—32
2.0
+1.4
54
+ 7
34
—25
0.5
—0.3
47
— 2
49
—10
0.1
—0.6
51
— 2
68
+ 6
0.1
-0.7
52
— 2
55
+ 6
0.8
—0.2
65
+ 7
69
+ 1
0.3
-0.6
65
+ 5
71
+ 9
0.9 "
0
62
— 1
60
— 4
1.4
+0.3
67
+ 2
44
—20
0.5
-0.8
64
— 3
63
— 3
0.7
—0.4
76
+ 7
81
+u
0.2
-0.9
75
+ 4
71
+ 3
C.3
—0.8
74
+ 2
80
+ 10
0.5
—0.5
72
— 2
68
— 4
2.3
+1.4
71
— 4
58
—14
1.8
+1.0
73
— 3
68
— 6
0.4
—0.4
74
— 2
68
— 5
1.6
+0.8
74
— 1
60
—13
0.3
—0.5
75
0
73
+ 1
0.4
—0.4
73
— 1
71
0
1.1
+0.3
79
+ 6
81
+ 11
0.7
0
73
+ 2
69
+ 1
0.2
—0.4
76
+ 8
67
— 4
1.4
+0.6
74
+ 7
73
+ 8
0.7
—0.1
63
— 2
58
— 6
t
-0.7
62
0
71
+ 9
0.1
—0.5
68
+ 8
82
+21
20.0
—2.8
67
+ 1
64
— 2
fNot more than .05 inch.
MONTHLY PERCENTAGE CONDITION OF CROPS, 1922, AND YIELD
PER ACRE.
Crops
April 1
May 1
June 1
Julyl
Aug. 1
Sept. 1
Oct. 1
Yield
per acre
Corn
92
86
91
86
92
95
91
75
91
79
82
93
84
79
85
85
92
83
94
84
94
90
96
45.0 bu.
Oats --
37.0 bu.
Winter wheat—.
92
95
23.0 bu.
Spring wheat __
81
87
15.0 bu.
91 .
28.4 bu.
Rye
93
b7
19.0 bu.
Flax
87
84
87
87
93
90
90
85
9(1
86
10.0 bu.
Potatoes .
92
87
87
98
91
106.0 bu.
93
93
~-l7-
1.40 tons
1.14 tons
Alfalfa
2.07 tons
91
86
40
626 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
FINAL ESTIMATES OF IOWA CROPS, 1922
(Dated December 1, 1922)
An increase of 57 per cent in the total value of Iowa's 1922 crops over
1921 is shown by the final joint estimates of the U. S. Bureau of Agricul-
tural Economics and the Iowa Weather and Crop Service.
Four bumper corn crops in succession is Iowa's unprecedented record.
The 1922 crop of 455,535,000 bushels was raised on 10,123,000 acres with
the average yield of 45 bushels to the acre, worth, December 1, fifty-four
cents per bushel, or a total value of $245,989,000.
The total crop of 1922 is exceeded only by that of 1920. The old corn
on hand November 1, 39,668,000 bushels (latest revision) plus the 1922
crop makes the total corn on farms 495,203,000 bushels compared with
502,344,000 in 1921 and 506,943,000 in 1920. New corn is 28 per cent
above prewar normal; old corn 159 per cent above; and total corn 33
per cent above prewar normal. Fortunately, Iowa farmers are much
better provided with live stock to consume this corn than they were last
year and the corn production for the country as a whole is less.
The quality of the 1922 corn crop is good, the moisture content of that
received at elevators during the last week of November was 16.8 per
cent as compared with 16.0 per cent last year. Ninety-seven per cent
matured without frost damage. On December 1, 86 per cent of the corn
husking had been done which is about the usual. About 8 per cent
of the crop was hogged and grazed down.
Oats were a much better crop than last year, yielding a total of
222,851,000 bushels on 6,023,000 acres with an average yield of 37 bushels
per acre, worth 34 cents per bushel or a total value of $75,769,000.
Spring wheat dropped to 68,000 acres which is probably the least since
Iowa became a State. The yield per acre was 15 bushels; total crop
1,020,000 bushels; worth at 95 cents per bushel, $969,000.
Winter wheat is steadily gaining favor in Iowa. The acreage in 1922
increased to 689,000; the yield per acre was 23 bushels; the total yield,
15,847,000 bushels; the price 97 cents per bushel and the total value,
$15,372,000. Winter killing was only 2 per cent in the winter of 1921-22.
A further increase in acreage seeded is reported for the 1923 crop but
there are indications that this will be somewhat reduced by the depreda-
tions of the Hessian fly.
Barley acreage is estimated at 150,000; yield per acre, 28.4 bushels;
total, 4,260,000 bushels, worth, at 52 cents per bushel, $2,215,000.
Rye acreage was 60,000; yield per acre, 19 bushels; total yield 1,140,000
bushels; price 71 cents per bushel; value $809,000.
Flaxseed: — Area harvested 8,000 acres; average yield, 10 bushels; total
yield, 80,000 bushels; price per bushel, $2.07; total value, $166,000.
Timothy seed: — Area harvested, 230,000 acres; average yield 4.53
bushels; total yield, 1,042,000 bushels; average price, $2.49; total value,
$2,595,000.
Clover seed: — Area harvested, 132,000 acres; yield per acre, 1.7 bushels;
total yield, 224,000 bushels; price per bushel, $10.40; total value, $2,330,000.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT 627
Tame hay increased to 3,393,000 acres, including 200,000 acres of alfalfa.
The average yield was 1.40 tons; total production, 4,750,000 tons; price
$10.40 per ton; total value, $49,400,000.
Alfalfa yielded 2.67 tons per acre or a total of 534,000 tons; price
$14.80 per ton; total value $7,903,000.
Wild Hay: — Area, 432,000 acres; yield per acre, 1.14 tons; total produc-
tion, 492,000 tons; price $8.50 per ton; total value $4,182,000.
Minor miscellaneous crops such as garden truck, fruit, pop corn, sweet
corn, buckwheat, sugar beets, pasturage, etc. are lumped off at a paltry
$75,101,000 worth.
Increased values due to feeding a considerable portion of these crops
to live stock are not considered in this report.
Details by counties are shown on the following pages.
FARM WAGES IN 1922
The wages of male farm labor in Iowa during 1922 were as follows:
Average rate per month when hired by the year with board, $37.00, com-
pared with $39.55 last year; without board, $48.00, compared with $52.40
last year. Average wage per day for day labor for harvest work with
board, $2.70, compared with $2.76 last year; without board, $3.50, com-
pared with $3.57 last year. Average wage per day for day labor for other
than harvest work with board, $2,13, compared with $2.25 last year;
without board, $2.58, compared with $2.72 last year. See table on page 16.
FUEL ON IOWA FARMS IN 1922
The average number of cords of fire wood burned per farm reporting for
1922 is estimated at 7.5 cords, compared with 9 cords last year.
The average price per cord, 4-ft. length, for 1922 is estimated at $5.20,
compared with $5.14 last year. The average number of tons of coal burned
per farm reporting this year was 6.6 tons and the average price estimated
at $10.25 per ton. See pages 17 to 19.
IOWA FARM PRICES, DECEMBER 1, 1922
The prices of Iowa farm crops are steadily climbing. A dollar's worth
of crops in Iowa November, 1913 — before the war — would have sold for
72 cents a year ago in November; for 78 cents in October of this year,
and for 83 cents in November of this year. A dollar's worth of crops De-
cember 1913 would sell for more than 99 cents today, practically at par
again.
The reason for this sudden change in purchasing power is due to several
factors. One of which is the demand for feed by an increased number
of live stock on feed, 50 per cent more cattle in Iowa and 20 per cent
more sheep in the United States. Another is the fact that the normal
tendency of crop prices is slightly downward during the fall months.
Car shortage in some sections acting as a break on crop movements tends
to keep corn prices up.
With live stock — cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry, horses and dairy cows — a
dollar's worth in November, 1913, would sell for 97 cents in November,
1922.
628 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
With live stock products, milk, butter, eggs, and wool a dollar's worth
in November 1913 would sell for $1.46 November 1922.
Wholesale prices of what the farmer has to buy are still 50 per cent or
more higher than in 1913 for the United States. A dollar's wrorth of
clothing in 1913 would cost $1.88 this fall, building materials $1.83, house
furnishings goods $1.76. C. F. S.
WINTER WHEAT AND RYE OUTLOOK IN IOWA, 1923.
The acreage of winter wheat sown in Iowa this fall, as reported by
the Division of Crop and Live Stock Estimates of the United States
Department of Agriculture, in co-operation with the Iowa Weather and
Crop Service, is 773,000 acres, compared with 6S9,000 acres harvested
during 1922. The condition December 1 was 91 per cent of the normal.
Considerable loss from Hessian fly is indicated.
The acreage sown to rye in Iowa this fall is estimated at 59,000 acres,
compared with 60,000 acres harvested this year. The growing condition
December 1 was 94 per cent of normal.
County estimates of acreage seeded to winter wheat and rye for the
1923 crop and the condition in per cent of normal is shown on page 20.
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
629
TABULATED CROP SUMMARY,
IOWA
1922
Crop
Corn
Oats
Spring wheat
Winter wheat--
Barley
Rye
Flax seed
Timothy seed
Clover seed
Potatoes
Hay (tame)
Hay (wild)
Alfalfa
Pasture and grazing
Ensilage
Sweet corn (com'l crop)—
Pop corn
Buckwheat (estimated)
Fruit crop (estimated)
Garden truck (estimated).
Miscellaneous (estimated).
Acres
Average
yield
Total
yield
10,123,000
6,023.000
08,000
6S9.000
150,000
60,000
S,000
2 JO, 000
132,000
"94,000
3,393,000
432,000
200,000
10.130,000 -
304,000
30,000
5,500 2,
5,000
45.00 bus.
37.00 bus.
15.00 bus.
23.00 bus.
28.40 bus-
19.00 bus.
10.00 bus.
4.53 bus.
1.70 bus.
90.00 bus.
1.40 tons
1.14 tons
2.67 tons
4.-5,535,00 i
222.851,00
1,020, (MX
15,847,00i I
4,260,00.,
1,140,000
80, 000 !
1,042,000
224,000
8,460,000
4,750,000
492,000
534,000
8.00 tons
3.00 tons
200-00 lbs.
14.00 bus.
2,432,000
90,000
12,100,000
70,000
Total
value
0.54$
0.34
0.95
0.97
0.52
0.71
2.07
2.49
10.40
0.62
10.40
8.50
14. SO
5.58-.
3.40
7.00
0.03
1.19
15
24.30 $245
12.5b 75
14.25
22.31
14.77
13.49
20.7o
11.28
17.65
55.80
14.56
9.68
39,52
27.20
21.00
66.00
16.66
,989,000
,769,000
969,000
,372, 00 J
,215,00)
809,000
166,000
,595,000
,330,000
.245.000
,400,000
,182,000
,903,000
,525,000
,269,i00
630,000
S63.000
83,(00
,000,000
.000,000
,500,000
Total value, not including live stock products, for the year,
1922 $480,142,000
1921 305,459,429
1920 560,460,638
"Subject to revision when assessors' figures become available.
•'Alfalfa included in tame hay and therefore excluded from grand total.
cEnsilage, acreage, production and value is included in corn and therefore excluded
from grand total.
MISCELLANEOUS TABLE
Corn moisture. Price of buckwheat, sorghum sirup, hogs for market,
cattle for market, feeder cattle and wages of farm labor.
Districts
Average Price
<x>
December 1, 1922
a&
3A
+»
+J
O
U.X3
0>
o§3
a oj
— J2
Goo
a 0
p.
p
03
S .
a
a
H
9 .
ss
O ft
° £
•2*
**%
5>
co 0
M 22
3.o
to 3
0 a
a 0.
S
pq
CO
w
O
O
Wages of Male Farm Labor,
1922
Average
rate per
month-
s-hen hired
by the
year
» "2
Average Average
wage per wage per
iay for day lay for day
labor for labor other
harvest than har-
work vest work
£*
o S
Northwest
North Central
Xor*neast
West Central-
Central
East Central.
Southwest
South Central
Southeast
State
16.6 _.
17.5$
18.0
17.0-
16.1)
17.9
14.5 ..
16.2
16.2
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•rc^o^^ o ^ "S o <S -^ *S5 o ft " ° °
^gP^Prir^ gQfiWr,MMr-lSr>^P
OQ
642
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
MISCELLANEOUS TABLE, BY COUNTIES
Corn husked; average and total yield clover and timothy seed; per cent
of apples shipped out; firewood and coal.
Districts and
Counties
Corn
Clover Seed
Timo
•a
—
n
a
>>9
■ ■-
>.
— T
> -
z
> -
-
<
<
Bush Bush-
els Bush- els Bush-
Per of 61 els of of 45 els of
cent Lbs. 60 Lbs. Lbs. 45 Lbs.
Northwest—
Buena Vista —
Cherokee
Clay
Dickinson
Emmet
Lyon
O'Brien
Osceola
Palo Alto
Plymouth
Pocahontas—
Sioux
For District.
North Central-
Butler
Cerro Gordo..
Floyd
Franklin-.
Hancock
Humboldt
Kossuth
Mitchell-
Winnebago—
Worth
Wright
For District
Northeast —
Allamakee
Black Hawk..
Bremer
Buchanan
Chickasaw
Clayton
Delaware
Dubuque
Fayette
Howard
Winneshiek—
For District
94
3.0
1,290
3.0
120
94
1.7
&40
50
780
77
1.7
510
21
l;65(t
a
2.5
330
3.9
1.5*0
76
1.5
210
3.2
130
Hfi
2.4
340
3.2
170
-
1.3
690
3.2
3.26'
77
1.5
510
4.5
3,81)
73
1.5
310
3.0
340
81
1.7
1,090
4.5
900
K
1.4
400
3 2
30 i
94
1.7
450
3.2
180
Si
1.6S
7,000
3.21
13,180
2.1
1.4
1.5
2 6
1.3
1.4
21
1.2
1.4
2.4
550
710
480
1,670
400
100
1,3 0
40
100
780
4.5
5.0
4 3
4.3
6.0
4.3
2.8
Firewood
- -
Z 5
Value
*> o
3
E
per Cord
es
«W
- -
£ -
so Z.
a -
i =
53 ^
so
■g
O
a
en
—
M
8
- z
Z g
c
a
z a
<
- -
<
>-
<
02
o
Coal
as
> a
Tons
Tons
128
128
43
128
of
of
Per
Cu.
Cu.
Cu.
Cu.
2.000
2,000
cent
Ft.
Ft.
Ft.
Ft.
Lbs.
Lbs.
5,070
1,920
11,540
2,&lu
120
240
51
19,970
690
3,9901
7:
5 c 2$ 2.16$ 5.20
0 3 4 3.17 6.75
0 1 1 3.00 5.00
0 ....
0 2 2 2. 87 6.67
0 6 6 6.33
0 6 7 4.00 616
0 8 7 5.00
0 2 3 2 00 3.50
0 13 8 3.3-1 5.10
0 3 3 2.00 5.00
0 5 5 5.00
1.7 7,000 4. J
47,640'
3 $ 2.45$ 5.84
95 1.6
1.7
2.1
2 1
1.4
1 3
1.1
2 5
1-
1.1
1.5
1.1
3,020
920
300
890
40
7,510
1,4S0
7,140
570
20
110
6.2
4.0
4.5
4. -I
5.6
5 5
7.0
4.5
4.7
4.3
27,710
5,470
910
4. '50
24,53 ■
18,770
8,&6)
9,560
21.280
39.450
40,740
91 1.67 22,000 5.16 201,730
14 % 4.67$ 6.30
4 2.75 4.75
11 2.44
10 1.67
9 3
3.80
4.75
00
6.90
5.67
6.00
6.80
5.57
6.75
5 *13 9')
3 13.0-1
3 13.16
14.07
15.60
15.28
16 83
14.00
14.(6
10. 37
15.75
4$ 2.82$ 5.43 5 $13.40
0 10 2.75 5.00 6 1160
0 10 10.37
6 2 2 2.00 5-SJ 6 11.53
5 4 4 2.6( 6.15 10 10.4)
14 4 2.5C 5.7. 6 12.18
0 1 1 8 12.25
0 6 4 3.00 7.16 10 14.08
0 4 4 2.50 6.67 7 11.16
2 2 2 2.12 5.50 5 13 08
4 5 5 2.67 5.90 6 11.12
5 4 4 1.83 4.64 8 10. 70
7*11.3:
11 $12.75
6 11.83
4 12 90
7 10-21
5 13.67
5 11.97
6 10.93
7 9.17
12 11.50
6 11.0(3
6 11.16
10$ 3. 37$ 6.15
7 $11.30
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
643
MISCELLANEOUS TABLE— Continued
Districts and
Counties
Corn
Clover Seed
Timothy Seed
•O
-=
a
—
9 ~
>>
-^
> —
-
""-
<
~
Bush-
Bush-
els
Bush-
els
Bush-
Per of 60 els of of 45 els of
cent Lbs. 60 Lbs. Lbs. 45 Lbs.
West Central—
Audubon
96
88
92
87
84
82
-"
94
89
86
89
82
1.9
1.8
1.7
2.6
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.7
2.5
1.7
1.7
26
1,100
70
3,800
5,820
860
4,530
740
57'
- . B 0
1,140
6.040
5. 810
40
2.0
3.9
3 0
3.0
4.4
3.9
5.
4.
5.7
3.9
2.5
y,390
140
Carroll
Crawford
4,310
1.650
620
Guthrie -_
27,87'
Harrison
Ida
Monona
610
V
260
3.20--
Shelby
Woodbury
5,120
:SO
For District
Central—
Boone
Dallas
87
84
81
89
87
83
80
86
85
86
87
89
86
1.7.3
2.0
1.3
2.2
1.6
1.5
1.7
1.7
1.5
1.6
1.3
1.7
2.0
37,000
870
900
540
510
1.570
5.4-0
2.860
1,640
4,840
90
3.170
520
3.89
3.7
5.3
5.6
5-1
5.0
55
57
4.1
5.1
5-5
4.4
4.3
54.730
210
1,160
5.100
1,130
Hardin
Jasper
Marshall
1,440
4. tOO
16,010
Polk„.r ...
39 j
50,540
Story
Tama
Webster
510
L8,730
520
For District
East Central—
Benton
Cedar
85
9e;
92
96
92
95
94
92
93
95
99
1.7:
1.6
2.4
1.1
1.7
1.1
1.8
1.4
1.8
1.7
2.0
23, OX)
1.910
1,880
300
6.040
1,600
4,730
440
2.430
1.140
2.:so
5. 59
6.8
5.0
4.9
5.3
4.o
5.8
4.1
4.8
5.2
5.7
100, 350
12.130
- "-
3.870
104.0^0
2.o°0
Johnson
12,2M
2. fOO
3.79-0
3.080
Scott
. 83
For District— _.! 94 1.75 23,000 5-80 155,060
Southwest—
Adair -- —
Adams
Cass
Fremont
Mills —
Montgomery-
Page
Pottawattamie
Taylor
For District,-
87
1.6
1.P70
4.2
19,880
80
1.9
840
5.0
85
2.1
4.750
3.0
5,6 0
69
1.4
1.380
4.4
270
79
2.1
860
5.0
200
86
1.4
1.700
37
640
83
1.8
1.47C
3.7
3 0
77
2.4
7.100
4 5
5.680
76
1.1
900
4.S
11.765
SO
1.66
21,000
4.37
51,690
♦4 a
Firewood
Coal
Value
_ z
— ■—
•w
fl
per Cord
-
z
■x.
-
z -
a -
-~ -
- -
■j. <- «
j?f
5 -
to
7
a — z
z - _
■ —
e *
a _
o
a
z
a
---
Z i st £
z
> -
t —
<
<
- ori
z <
Tons Tons
128
123 43 128
of of
Per
Cu.
Cu. Cu. Cu.
2.00 2 0 0
1
Ft.
Ft. Ft. Ft.
L:s Lbs.
Ci
3
3 3 2.00
4 $13.70
[
c
•
■2
1
1.50
- i
9 10.25
.00
1
7.33
5.50
5.62
4.25
2 3.00 7.50
14 3.C« ■
5 $ 3.50 5
10 4.17
9 2.08
4 2.90
5 2.00
5 2.00
8 3.00
6 2.3S
I
7.50
6.75
5 33
5.20
5.00
4.50
4-00
4.25
G.C0
7.33
5.40
4.40
i 1 IS 5.47
9S 2.'
:
1.75
3. 12
2.18
2.33
TS3
2.30
2.90
5.58
5.54
3-90
5-60
4.59
B
5.83
5.
5.60
7$ 2.61 S 5. 34
._. S 533
&$ 2 :
9 2.67
6 3.67
6 3-50
5 2.25
5 2.50
3 3.00
r
4.00
5.00
5.25
3.40
4.62
3.00
4.00
10.71
8.33
6.17
13-33
11.30
18
12.43
12.00
I '
- fii :
i - a
12.-1
11.90
8.19
10.11
6.52
8 62
9 04
_ .-
10. 7y
7 513 33
6 10-44
8 8.90
10-75
12. 33
10 33
lu.3
11 21
7 9:
9.21
12
7 r.0.2^
BtlC '"
- I
7 ~,.'-i
3 11 'SO
•
6 9.15
5 9-58
g 12.3-
!
7$ 2.94$ 4.46
6 510- 00
644
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
MISCELLANEOUS TABLE— Continued
Districts and
Counties
South Central—
Appanoose
Clarke
Decatur 1_
Lucas
Madison
Marion
Monroe
Ringgold...:...
Union
Warren
Wayne
For District-
Southeast—
Davis
Des Moines
Henry
Jefferson
Keokuk
Lee
Louisa
Mahaska
Van Buren
Wapello
Washington...
For District-
For State...
Corn Clover Seed Timothy Seed
Per
cent
Bush-
els
of 6C
Lbs.
81
2.4
71
1.0
72
1.2
86
1.7
78
1.6
74
1.6
7?
1.5
80
1.2
82
1.6
76
1.5
70
1.5
Bush-
Bush- I els Bush-
els of of 45 els of
60 Lbs. Lbs. 45 Lbs.
1,380
1,500
620
2,920
3.860
5,680
1,090
950
2,0 0
2,920
2,680
2.5
2.3
1,000
2,450
4,350
3,050
8,160
5,540
6,770
1,220
3,540
5,000
2,800
15,120
4.1
4.2
3.9
4.5
4.3
4.2
4.1
4.0
4.5
6 2
5.1
5.8
4.7
5.0
4.4
4.4
4.1
4.2
4.8
33,250
36,15;
44,770
30,590
7,020
1,43)
4.6: 0
34,40)
20.000
5,700
80,000
208,00
50,700
3 940
2 95 )
8,480
6 060
20,. 20
2,3^
1.430
15,656
3.830
3,610
87 1.67 58,000 4.57 119600
1.7
,0 0 4.53 1,042,00)
-w o
O M
CV2
'£
CO >>
GO
Gu
Per
cent
Firewood
Value
4->
a
per Cord
O
■a
'a &
8a
CO
60*
O
8
> G
o
be
a
o
<
<!
go
^
128
Cu.
Ft.
Cu.
Ft.
43
Cu.
Ft.
Coal
o «
CO f-l
a «
o ft
<d a>
CO
O
bfl.2
128
Cu.
Ft.
$ 1.00$ 3.00
2.67
207|
1.87J
2.00,
2.08!
2.82
2.83
3.17[
2.80
1.69
7. CO
4.44
4.2)
3.75
3.90
4.40
3.80
4.55
4.38
Tons Tons
of of
2 000 2,000
Lbs. Lbs.
11$ 2.27$ 4.35
]
18$ 2.39$ 3.83
9i 1-62! 4.2;
8: 2.00
5.00
81 2.15
4.36
13
3 31
4.88
10
2.50
5.60
5
4.00
5.08
9
2.33
4.00
12
2.70
3.86
6 1.95
3.70
6| 4.62
5.00
10
9$ 2.69$ 4.51
7.5 7.3$ 2.81$ 5.20,
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
645
AVERAGE YIELD PER ACRE OF PRINCIPAL IOWA CROPS
From records of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
Year
a
o
o
a
O
a>
a
p.
co
53
§
a
>>
CO
X
53
en
O
03
O
P4
>>
C3
w
a
03
C3
C3
55
1890
27.9
38.0
29.0
35.7
12.0
38.0
39.0
29.0
34.5
36.3
40.3
26.2
34.1
31.2
36.0
37.2
41.1
29.6
28.7
40.0
25.0
24.0
24.0
48.0
26.0
30.0
32.5
34.5
34.7
30.2
31.0
25.9
29.4
33.8
34.0
24.5
25.5
27.4
38.9
25.7
44.4
34.2
34.0
38.6
37.0
46.0
40.5
34.6
26! 0
37.0
11.4
15.0
12.2
12.4
12.8
19.0
13.0
13.4
14.8
12.7
14.3
15.3
13.0
12.6
9.1
14.4
15.0
13.0
15.4
13.6
20.2
13.1
18.7
15.1
13.0
15.9
13.4
18.0
18.2
9.5
11.3
10.3
,15.0
16.5
20.0
17.0
15.8
16.7
19.0
17.0
13.0
16.5
11.3
13.3
17.6
18.0
16.9
14.3
20.2
23.0
19.8
19.7
20.5
22.3
19.7
24.3
23.1
22.0
21.3
17.5
18,0
19.9
17.4
19.7
19.2
23.0
24.0
29.0
24.3
22.6
18.4
33.0
29.0
25.5
27.7
26.4
25.3
24.2
25.0
24.7
25.0
27.5
26.5
24.6
26.7
21.6
30.5
22.9
32.5
23.8
26.0
30.6
30.7
35.0
31.3
25.5
27.5
23.5
28.4
16.8
20.0
15.5
16.3
15.1
19.0
16.0
15.0
16.0
16.3
15.6
15.8
17.0
15.6
15.0
18.0
17.5
17.0
17.1
16.3
18.8
16.8
20.7
18.3
19.0
18.6
22.8
20.0
18.1
15.9
16.2
16.1
19.0
9.1
10.7
8.0
9.1
8.0
11.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.2
11.2
8.8
8.0
8.7
11.0
9.8
10.7
10.8
11.3
10.0
10.2
8.5
11.3
10.0
11.0
9.5
10.3
11.0
10.1
9.5
10.0
8.7
10.0
48.8
142.0
51.0
59.2
40.7
106.0
87.0
61.6
76.0
98.8
73.0
37.4
87.1
53.8
125.0
84.0
101.0
84.0
89.9
88.0
79.0
70.7
104.0
47.3
87.0
93.0
42.3
109.0
76.1
43.0
110.0
43.0
106.0
1.4
1891
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
•1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
8
7
S
1
5
6
7
5
4
4
8
9
5
8
3
5
8
7
2
8
6
5
4
8
8
3
3
6
44
39
40
1892
1893.
1.4
1894.
1895
1.0
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.6
1.4
1896
1897
1898
1899...
1900 —
1901
1902.
1903
1904 _.
1905
1906
1907- -
1908
35.9
32.9
39.7
32.9
45.8
34.9
39.0
30.0
35.3
40.0
34.7
41.6
46.0
43.0
45.0
1909 _
1910
1911
0.9
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.27
1.16
1.14
1912
1913
1914
1915-
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920—
1921 _.
1922 _.
3.6
3.6
4.4
3.4
2.8
3.2
2.84
2.97
2.67
Avg. 1890 to 1899
Avg. 1900 to 1909
Avg. 1910 to 1919
Avg. 1913 to 1922
31.9
34.5
37.4
38.9
31.3
30.1
37.4
36.7
13.7
13.4
15.5
14.0
16.3
18.1
20.6
20.1
26.0
25.1
28.9
28.2
16.6
16.5
18.9
18.4
9.7
10.0
10.1
10.0
77.1
82.3
75.1
75.7
1
1
1
1
4S
61
42
49
1.27
1.28
1.23
1.26
"Us
646 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY, DECEMBER 1, 1922
The December estimates of the Crop Reporting Board of the Bureau
of Agricultural Economics of the Acreage, Production, and Value (based
on prices paid to farmers on December 1) of the important farm crops
of the United States in 1920, 1921, and 1922, based on the reports of the
correspondents and agents of the Bureau, are as follows:
Crop
Acreage
Production
Farm
Value December 1
Per
Acre
Total
Unit
Per
Unit
Total
-1920
—1921
-1922
101,699,000
103,740,000
102,428,000
31.5
29.6
28.2
3,208,584,000
3,068,569,000
2,890,712,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
Cents
67.0
42.3
65.7
Dollars
$2,150,332,000
1,297,213,000
1,900,287,000
Winter Wheat
-1920
—1921
—1922
40,016,000
43,414,000
42,127,000
15.3
13.8
13.9
610,597,000
600,316,000
586,204,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
148.6
95.1
104.8
907,291,000
571,044,000
614,561,000
Spring Wheat
—1920
-1921
-1922
21,127,000
20,282,000
19,103,000
10.5
10.6
14.1
222,430,000
214,589,000
270,007,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
130.4
85.6
92.4
289,972,000
183,71-0,000
249,578,000
All Wheat
—1920
-1921
-1922
61,143,000
63,696,000
61,230,000
13.6
12.8
14.0
833,027,000
814,905,000
856,211,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
143.7
92.6
100.9
1,197,263.000
754,834,000
864,139,000
Oats
-1920
—1921
-1922
42,491,000
45,495.000
40,693,000
35.2
23.7
29.9
1,496,281,000
1,078,341,000
1,215,496,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
46.0
30.2
39.4
688,311,000
325,954,000
478,548,000
-1920
-1921
-1922
7,600,000
7,414,000
7,390,000
24.9
20.9
25.2
189,332,000
154.946,000
186,110,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
71.3
41.9
52.5
135,083,000
64,934.00)
97,751,010
Eye
-1920
—1921
-1922
4,409,000
4,528,000
6,210,000
13.7
13.6
15.4
60,490,000
61,675,000
95,497,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
126.8
69.7
76.693,000
43.014,000
66,085,000
Buck wheai
-1920
-1921
—1922
701,000
680,000
785,000
18.7
20.9
19.2
13,142.000
14,207,000
15,050,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
128.3
81.2
88.5
16,863,000
11,540,000
13,312,000
F:ax Seed
-1920
-1921
-1922
1,757,000
1,108,000
1,308,000
6.1
7.2
9.4
10,774,000
8,029,000
12,238,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
176.7
145.1
211.4
19,039,000
11,648,000
25,869,000
Potatoes*
-1920
-1921
-1922
3,657,000
3,941,000
4,331,000
110.3
91.8
104.2
403,296,000
361,659,000
451,185,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
114.5
110.1
58.2
461,778,000
398,362,000
262,608,000
Sweet Potato^
-1920
—1921
—1922
992,000
1,066,000
1,116,000
104.8
92.5
98.1
103,925,000
9S, 654, 000
109,534,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
113.4
88.1
77.1
117,834,000
86,894,000
84,492,000
Hay, tame
—1920
-1921
—1922
58,101,000
58,769,000
61,208,000
1.51
1.40
1.58
87,855,000
82,379,000
96,687,000
tons
tons
tons
$ 17.76
$ 12.11
$ 12.59
1,560,235,000
997,527,000
1,217,044,000
Hay, wild _ __ ..
-1920
—1921
-1922
15,787,000
15,632,000
15,842,000
1.11
.98
1.02
17,460,000
15,391,000
16,104,000
tons
tons
tons
$ 11.35
$ 6.63
$ 7.12
198,115.0^0
101,991,000
114,635,000
All Hay
—1920
—1921
-1922
73,888,000
74,401,000
77,050,000
1.43
1.31
1.46
105,315,000
97,770,000
112,791,000
tons
tons
tons
$ 16.70
$ 11.25
$ 11.81
1,758 350 00T
1,099,518,000
1,331,679,000
Cotton--
—1920
-1921
—1922
35,878,000
30,509,000
33,742,000
*178.4
&124.5
«141.6
13,439,603
7,953,641
9,964,000
bales
bales
bales
MS. 9
"16.2
l,23.8
933,658,000
643,933,000
1,190,7(>1,000
IOWA WEATHER AND CROP REPORT
UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY— Continued.
647
Crop
Cotton Seed-
Clover Seed.
Sugar Beets
Beet Sugar
Sorghum Sirup.
Beans-C
Grain Sorghums'1
Onions'1e
Cabbage,,e
Apples, total
Apples, commercial- -
Peaches.
Pears.
Totals
-1920
-1921
-1920
-1921
-1922
-192ic
-1922c
-1921 c
-1922c
-1920
-1921
-1922
-1920
-1921
-1922
-1920
-1921
-1922
-1921
-1922
-1921
-1922
-1920
-1921
-1922
-1920
-1921
-1922
-1920
-1921
-1922
-1920
-1921
-1922
-1920
-1921
-1922
Acreage
Production
Per
Acre
1,082,000
889,000
1, 126,000
815,000
537,000
815,000
537,000
536,000
518,000
448,000
847,000
777,000
1,043,000
1.8
1.7
1.7
9 Jo
9.76
Total
2,504
2,574
92.4
88.0
81.5
10.8
11 ."8
11.4
5,971,000
3,531,000
4,424,000
1,944,000
1,538,000
1,875,000
7,782,000
5,243,000
2,040,978,000
1,382,000,000
49,505,000
45,566,0:0
36,532,000
Unit
tons
tons
tons
bu.
bu.
bu.
tons
tons
lbs.
lbs.
Farm
Value December 1
Per
Unit
Total
Cents
$ 26.00
$ 29.15
$ 40.18
$ 11.95
$ 10.75
$ 10.08
$ 6
$ 5
gals. 106.9
gals. 62.9
gals. 71.0
5,120,000 26.8
4,635,000 24.6
5,051,000 17.9
57,900
64,200
103,300
134,600
249
279
6.5
8.2
9,185,000
9,150,000
11,893,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
$ 2.95
9 2.67
$ 3.74
137,408,000
113,990,000
90,381,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
92.9
39.1
87.6
14,406,000
17,940,000
bu.
bu.
f$ 1.31
f$ 0.92
673,900
1,097,600
tons
tons
f$ 24.66
'$ 13.03
223,677,000
99,002,000
203,628,000
bu.
bu.
bu.
114.8
168.0
99.3
33,905,000
bbls.
$ 3.74
Dollars
155,246,000
102,929,000
177,756,000
23,227,000
16,529,000
18,905,01,0
49,626,000
29,605,0-0
347,847,300
348, 43". 600
348,969,800
21,557,000
31,090,000
45,620,000
32,602,000
56,705,000
16,805,000
11,297,000
18,661,000
bbls. $ 4.60
bbls. $ 2.94
bu.
bu.
bu.
bu.
bu.
bu.
210.4
158.7
133.3
165.8
170.6
106.0
52,943,000
28,681,000
25,946,000
27,134,000
24,399,000
44,429,000
127,629,000
44,575,000
79,136,000
18,856,000
16,471,000
16,612,000
14,301,000
256,699,000
166,343,000
202,102,000
126,800,000
99,131,0(0
91,534,000
95,970,000
51,739,000
75,613,000
27,865,000
19,268,000
19,789,000
9,125,620,000
5,729,912,000
7,572,890,000
•Pounds per acre. »>Cents per pound. ^Including beets grown in Canada for United
States factories. ''Principal producing states. ^Commercial crop. 'Price for season.
eSome crops omitted from body of table.
The wheat crop of 1922 is 5 per cent greater than the crop of 1921 instead of 3 per
cent as shown in preliminary estimates. The production of 856,000,000 bushels should be
compared with the revised estimated ]921 production of 815,000,000 and not with the
preliminary estimate of 794,000,000. Like comparisons should be made for other crops.
648 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII
WORLD CORN PRODUCTION, 1922.
The total area planted to corn during 1922 in 13 countries amounted to
131,893,000 acres compared with 133,613,000 acres for the same countries
in 1921 and an average of 133,639,000 acres for the period 1909-13.
The corn production for 16 countries this year amounts to 3,455,712,000
bushels, as compared with 3,792,537,000 bushels for the same countries
last year, and an average of 3,573,096,000 bushels for the five years
1909-13. Decreases were shown for all countries reporting except Canada,
Hungary and Chile. The production of the United States, Canada and
Mexico this year is 2,972,077,000 bushels as compared with 3,166,281,000
bushels in 1921 and 2,894,318,000 bushels for the period 1909-13. Six Euro-
pean countries produced 273,554,000 bushels in 1922, as compared with 324,-
530,000 bushels last year and 459,494,000 bushels for 1909-13. Five coun-
tries in the southern hemisphere produced 195,160,000 bushels this year,
as compared with 284,638,000 bushels in 1921 and 210,377,000 bushels for
the period 1909-13. Reports are not available for many of the tropical
corn producing countries of which Brazil is probably the most important.
The Brazilian corn crop for 1920-21 was estimated to be about 186,450,000
bushels.
The United States and Argentina supply approximately 80 per cent of
the corn entering into the world trade. Argentina frequently exceeds
the United States in the quantity of corn exported, but in 1921 shipments
from the United States exceeded those from Argentina by 21,000,000
bushels. In 1920, exports from Argentina were 50 per cent more than the
prewar average, but in 1921 were slightly less than for the period 1909-13.
The United States exported 132,000,000 bushels in 1921 as compared with
45,000,000 bushels during the period 1909-13, an increase of 193 per cent.
Exports from Rumania show a decided decrease, amounting to 17,000,000
bushels and 30,000,000 bushels in 1920 and 1921, respectively, as com-
pared with the prewar average of 39,000,000 bushels. Imports into the
United Kingdom, France, Germany and Belgium show a decrease over
the prewar years. In 1921 the United Kingdom took 78,000,000 bushels
as compared with 83,000,000 bushels during 1909-13, France 12,000,000
bushels as compared with the prewar average of 19,000,000 bushels;
Belgium 19,000,000 bushels as compared with 26,000,000 bushels during the
prewar period; and Germany took 16,000,000 bushels or about haTf as
much in 1920 as during 1909-13. Imports into Canada and the Scandi-
navian countries show an increase over the prewar average. Imports
into Denmark were 19,000,000 bushels in 1921 as compared with 11,000,000
bushels during the period 1909-13 or an increase of over 70 per cent.
PART IX
Farm Statistics for the Year Ending December 31, 1922,
Collected by Township Assessors and Tabulated
by the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
Better work by the assessors as a whole, through closer contact with
the central office of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service in Des Moines
made it possible to do 60 per cent more work by shifting only 13 per cent
more money into miscellaneous clerk hire from other funds. Twenty-
three more counties were handled direct from the assessors this year,
leaving only 32 counties tabulated voluntarily by county auditors without
compensation or authority of law.
A few hundred dollars more would complete the direct contact with the
assessors, increase the accuracy of the statistics, and expedite their pub-
lication. It is expected that the published bulletin containing these sta-
tistics will be ready for distribution early in July, nearly 30 days earlier
than last year. If all assessors reported direct instead of through county
auditors, nearly 30 days more could be saved.
Total farms in Iowa in 1922, 213,021, are 1,075 less than last year, but
this apparent decrease is due to a new ruling as to listing of township
boundary line farms. Heretofore, township boundaries have been rigidly
observed, with the result that a farm operated under one management but
lying in two townships was reported as two farms, a portion being re-
ported by each assessor. This year, as a rule, all land operated under
one management was listed as one farm. This agrees with the method
used by the government census, which* found 213,439 farms including
small areas producing $250 or requiring the continuous services of at
least one person. The assessors enumerate only farms of 3 acres or more.
The total acres in farms reported by assessors was 33,528,154 which is
109,782 acres more than last year and 53,258 more than the last govern-
ment census. This speaks well for the efficiency of the assessors. Some
of the increase is no doubt due to the improvement of wild and rough
lands. Allowing 547,000 acres for cities, towns and railroad right-of-way,
there remains unaccounted for in Iowa 1,705,000 acres. This includes the
larger rivers and flood plains along them, wooded areas not in farms,
state parks, mines, quarries, lakes, sloughs, and exceedingly rough areas,
none of which are within the deeded areas of farms.
Corn acreage, 10,364,163, is 139,176 acres larger than in 1921 and next
to the largest of record. Oats acreage, 5,874,172, is 464,623 acres less
than last year. Some of the more notable increases in acreages in addi-
tion to corn are as follows: Winter wheat, 199,971; tame hay, 175,923;
barley, 28,909; rye for grain, 16,827; timothy seed, 35,907; and orchards,
9,629. Waste land in farms increased 13,908 acres, due mostly to over-
650 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IX
flow along the large boundary rivers. In seasons with no overflow this
land is reported in crops or pasture.
Hog production has greatly increased. The hog population July 1, 1922,
11,766,526, is the greatest of record and 22 per cent more than the preced-
ing year. The number January 1, 1923, was 9,461,637, which is 35 per cent
more than on January 1, 1922. Sows bred for spring pigs, 1923, num-
bered 2,534,640, which is 11.4 per cent more than in 1922.
Cows and heifers kept for milk numbered 1,176,913, which is an increase
of 4.8 per cent over last year. Other cattle amounted to 3,117,171, an
increase of 8.6 per cent.
Increases are shown in poultry, eggs, and sheep shipped in for feeding.
Marion county stands out conspicuously as a sheep-feeding county.
Horses continued to decrease at about the same rate as in the last five
years, while mules show a decided slacking up in the rapid increases of
recent years. A slight increase in tractors, trucks, and automobiles is
shown; also modern homes. Silos and silage show decreases, though
these might be expected to increase with the cows kept for milk.
Apples harvested amounted to 2,126,671 bushels, which is the largest
crop since 1915; and there was a net increase of 9,629 acres in orchards,
which probably marks the beginning of a reaction from the steady decline
in orchards during the last 10 years.
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1,908
1,737
1,806
1,520
2,571
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1,919
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1,912
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2,378
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1,781
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1,262
1,659
3,164
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16,608
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6S2
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IX
TABLE NO. 6
Comparative table showing number of swine lost by cholera in Iowa in
1922, 1921, 1920, 1919, 1918, 1917, 1916, 1915 and 1913, by counties.
Districts and Counties
CO
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Northwest —
Buena Vista „. .
6,538
8,638
3,592
784
2,588
4,992
4,564
1,646
3,038
14,741
4,975
9,767
10,942
10,686
7,026
1,738
4,721
15,276
5,362
2,038
4,238
15,698
7.446
20,208
4,557
4,893
1,705
480
908
4,674
5,170
1,648
2,561
9,855
3,756
8,450
3,075
15,995
2,253
1,466
2,126
5,688
3,251
2,734
3,123
19,067
4,252
4,055
1,714
509
2,001
3,408
2,490
1,036
2,338
8,050
1,408
1,895
1,912
333
978
5,226
2,179
1,066
2,017
6,748
5,114
4,497
2,420
731
1,679
4,886
4,761
824
3,779
10,610
13,587
3,482
5,003
1,453
868
1,873
5,701
2,635
399
1,701
6,875
11,570
68,286
63,223
Clay
31 ,875
17,716
18,505
70,181
O'Brien
58 ,865
36,620
Palo Alto
46,260
Plymouth
105 ,055
For District
65,833
878
2,105
225
3,328
2,798
3,455
3,302
674
814
1,396
1,320
105,379
2,007
2,223
952
5,374
3,736
3,755
9,428
611
714
2,658
5,386
48,657
1,472
1,840
1,771
2,174
3,332
1,868
5,898
88
550
532
914
70,424
962
1,429
531
2,068
1,554
1,970
7,344
84
1,429
881
3,677
46,579
541
1,955
1,239
2,520
1,369
1,966
7,185
607
137
3,568
31,423
277
360
832
999
285
1,142
2,429
234
494
439
1,616
56,357
553
1,368
470
896
284
3,129
2,707
174
186
317
1,134
43,878
1,261
1,239
882
5,690
1,656
2,372
2,757
1,368
2,179
1,503
2,216
678 ,338
North Central —
Butler... . ..
37,211
43,255
Floyd
18,046
Franklin
31 ,367
38,672
46 ,225
Kossuth
78 ,295
Mitchell
13,810
Winnebago
14,639
Worth
16,427
49,718
For District
20,295
63
4,216
938
3,389
275
1,289
1,792
2,859
693
1,901
739
36,844
171
4,385
755
2,562
1,033
1,442
1,725
2,517
480
1,022
71
20,439
58
3,290
565
2,028
191
546
2,390
566
202
625
184
21,929
461
3,089
514
1,012
379
1,105
1,517
911
337
415
612
21,087
' i ,436
313
728
214
326
1,047
1,031
197
185
104
9,107
7
2,375
309
244
2,i75
927
120
5
333
11,218
17
1,061
126
5
111
654
374
1,557
351
60
2,224
23,123
86
5,422
2,303
434
2,007
760
1,255
4,257
528
1,073
1,999
387,665
Northeast —
993
Black Hawk
26,480
Bremer
8,250
22,117
*Chickasaw
16,595
Clayton
1,700
Delaware
33 ,348
Dubuque
23,299
Fayette
6,158
Howard
7,223
Winneshiek
3,543
For District
18,154
2,200
1,842
8,792
12,941
4,714
3,795
6,926
13 ,403
5,421
7,048
9,245
10,488
16,163
1,897
8,183
5,630
8,635
4,337
3,293
3,213
9,882
6,882
10,653
2.620
11 ,799
10,645
617
1,829
5,883
5,414
1,263
2,871
2,099
5,588
2,605
2,436
2,863
5,658
10,352
2,327
720
3,148
5,881
2,362
4,696
5,467
5,437
5,277
3,519
3,922
12,385
5,581
2,777
1,463
980
4,963
1,819
3,677
4,589
3,560
2,185
2,051
2,645
14,749
6,495
1,715
1,360
2,365
5,343
3,556
1,630
2,243
3,634
1,853
1,601
2,593
7,707
6,540
2,557
1,865
4,051
9,354
1,829
3,460
4,084
3,031
1,574
4,966
3,462
6,624
20,124
3,628
1,578
4,477
9,648
1,790
3,050
7,872
4,168
4,961
4,691
7,120
9,819
149,706
West Central—
Audubon
29,716
23,755
Carroll
39,318
Crawford
71 ,865
Greene
26,568
Guthrie
30,932
Harrison
20,122
Ida
52 ,358
Monona
37,085
Sac
67,715
Shelby
25,118
Woodbury
61 ,998
For District
86,815
77,024
39,126
55,141
45,458
35,600
46,857
62 ,802
486 .550
*Partly_estimated.
IOWA FARM STATISTICS
683
TABLE NO. 6— Continued
Comparative table showing number of swine lost by cholera in Iowa in
1922, 1921, 1920, 1919, 1918, 1917, 1916, 1915 and 1913, by counties.
Districts and Counties
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Central —
Boone
2,545
7,951
1,619
5,055
3,436
4,351
4,600
7,227
5,744
3,754
6,417
3,354
6,048
5,116
3,155
7,068
6,156
7,459
9,737
5,559
4,873
9,525
10,549
5,553
3,247
922
2,506
3,315
5,695
7,874
4,987
1,939
3,379
5,436
2,921
4,820
862
1,707
5,622
2,481
1,824
7,874
9,079
3,706
1,317
3,938
5,109
146
1,256
4,963
1,439
3,119
2,039
6,139
1,219
3,483
2,141
3,155
1,598
774
1,902
2,599
3,216
1,777
6,400
2,000
3,276
1,622
2,458
499
2,765
1,678
1,031
2,294
2,292
3,207
4,642
3,117
2,035
4,032
2,284
1,706
2,311
2,962
2,385
5,707
9,380
6,454
4,648
8,301
3,118
1,697
26,810
Dallas
18,436
Grundy
23,618
Hamilton
35,526
Hardin
28,015
Jasper
48 ,499
Marshall
48,293
Polk
20,937
Poweshiek
24,902
Story
27,672
Tama
Webster
40,381
For District
56,053
3,853
14,727
1,081
6,397
683
8,025
3,050
3,681
4,994
1,137
80,798
4,362
4,500
2,677
4,456
656
5,493
865
3,798
7,012
2,190
47,041
1,712
5,929
2,940
4,119
"•i'iii
1,524
1,333
3,593
5,044
43,665
2,680
7,743
2,243
4,897
244
6,916
1,395
3,811
4,265
13,937
33 ,234
1,775
4,798
1,019
2,810
90
6,448
779
1,754
2,380
3,320
30,420
7,918
4,723
131
2,035
180
3,079
1,883
1,124
718
1,098
32,552
3,025
5,281
889
4,250
322
4,519
1,007
1,463
2,372
3,104
56,817
5,994
12,407
2,198
8,939
1,453
14,139
4,563
3,186
4,276
4,061
374,496
East Central—
Benton
25,770
Cedar
42,729
Clinton
19,999
Iowa
3,656
Jackson . . .
3,502
Johnson
17,646
Jones
9,470
Linn
24,196
♦Muscatine..
11,702
Scott
21 ,860
For District .
47,628
7,156
3,105
5,482
5,432
3,829
6,062
6,597
11,750
3,531
36,009
6,464
1,731
3,944
5,687
3,273
2,177
3,254
6,907
1,224
31,005
2,653
2,502
3,817
2,153
1,452
2,838
1,026
6,375
1,446
48,131
1,330
1,429
3,578
2,779
6,617
2,602
1,528
6,991
1,304
25,173
2,517
1,576
6,659
4,147
2,784
2,820
1,860
8,294
1,032
22 ,889
2,652
1,437
2,434
3,622
1,879
2,816
4,181
9,542
1,876
26,232
2,679
2,510
5,231
2,836
2,153
2,461
3,711
12,164
760
61,216
5,791
6,378
9,279
7,065
4,249
6,882
15,192
21,376
5,031
180,530
Southwest —
Adair
32,151
Adams . ;
12 ,080
*Cass
42,266
Fremont
7,271
Mills
16,632
Montgomery
28,403
Page
30,809
Pottawattamie
Taylor
42,065
18,062
For District....
52,944
349
1,554
889
• 1,099
5,5/7
5,128
793
513
3,139
4,536
1,267
34,661
1,519
2,080
498
1,230
5,848
7,947
636
28
1,612
2,648
1,572
24,262
898
1,195
579
97
1,916
2,568
182
32
1,229
914
1,016
28,158
802
671
203
675
1,700
4,532
35
244
576
2,552
252
31,689
168
304
324
704
6,332
7,531
141
157
629
783
513
30,439
587
692
294
32
1,110
3,159
86
263
978
806
89
34 ,505
159
537
835
203
1,712
3,063
33
135
1,015
848
222
81 ,243
803
2,818
2,901
2,523
6,305
8,491
1,313
2,066
3,585
4,486
3,245
229,739
South Central —
Appanoose
1,933
Clarke
4,918
Decatur
1,237
Lucas
1,001
16,584
27,030
1,644
Ringgold
8,625
Union
7,377
18,270
10,487
For District
24,844
25,618
10,626
12,242
17,586
8 ,096
8,762
38.536
99,106
♦Partly estimated.
684
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IX
TABLE NO. 6— Continued
Comparative table showing number of swine lost by cholera in Iowa in
1922, 1921, 1920, 1919, 1918, 1917, 1916, 1915 and 1913, by counties.
Districts and Counties
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Southeast —
262
1,573
1,550
644
9,864
867
3,067
6,531
1,239
4,766
5,573
504
3,141
3,654
1,926
4,154
1,137
7,445
9,165
501
2,628
6,746
170
1,266
1,239
857
5,830
452
4,626
7,806
365
1,356
5,529
218
4,502
1,018
1,552
6,614
263
3,697
8,666
479
46
1,679
901
1,058
1,693
469
2,382
4,054
134
984
988
675
129
658
143
2,167
2,791
5
1,288
66
1,731
977
506
2,131
354
6,320
4,311
712
1,754
1,704
7,180
5,033
3,719
13,659
3,860
11,129
21,574
2,785
6,634
280
Des Moines
♦Henry
9,353
2,861
3,207
20,620
6,978
12,665
30,899
2,844
7,606
35,936
41,001
29,496
38,985
17,558
14,441
24,779
88,973
121,746
For State
408,502
453,497
261 ,297
329,027
243,945
188,909
247,802
476,712
2,707,876
♦Partly estimated
Hog cholera decreased in 1922 in spite of the increase in hogs. De-
creases were largest in the northwest counties where hogs are most
numerous and where rainfall was least; and the largest increases appear
to be in sections where excessive rains caused overflows that carried the
disease from farm to farm. Vaccination campaigns no doubt had much
to do with the general decrease in losses from this disease.
8WINE LOST BY CHOLERA, IN IOWA
2,500,000
2,000.000
1,500,000
1,000.000
500,000
f
a
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
PART X
Statistical Tables of Iowa's Principal Farm Crops. Also
Statistical Tables of the Principal Farm Crops
and Live Stock by States, the United
States and the World.
CORN
Statistics compiled from reports of Secretary of Iowa Agricultural Society
Year
Acreage
Average
yield
per
acre
Total
yield
bushels
Average
farm
value
per bushel
December
1st.
Total
value
1880
5,625,200
6,803,834
8,550,827
41.0
33.0
28.0
230,633,200
224,636,522
239,675,156
$ .25
.23
.41
$ 57,658,300
1885
51,666,400
1890
98,266,814
Statistics compiled from reports of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906.
1907.
1908.
8,043,390
39.0
8,253,522
29.0
8,396,286
34.5
8,460,521
36,3
8,618,660
40.3
8,687,480
26.2
8,700,000
34.1
7,398,320
31.2
9,000,000
36.0
9,285,150
37.2
9,443,960
41.1
8,327,690
29.6
8,399,610
35.9
313,692,210
.14
239,452,150
.17
289,214,850
.23
306,852,714
.23
345,055,040
.27
227,908,850
.50
296,950,230
.28
230,511,310
.36
323 ,853 ,330
.35
345,871,840
.35
388,348,920
.33
246,898,460
.44
301,873,150
.51
43,916,909
40,706,865
66,519,415
70,576,124
93,164,860
113,954,425
83,146,064
82,984,071
113,348,665
121,055,144
128,155,143
108,635,322
153,955,306
Statistics of township assessors; values by Iowa Weather and Crop
Service
1909
8,681,850
8,399,712
8,863,331
9,420,434
9,180,774
9,794,437
9,747,846
9,479,030
10,370,727
9,309,234
9,684,651
10,254,589
10,224,987
10,364,763
35.5
39.8
36.9
44.5
37.3
40.5
27.5
35.0
35.8
34.1
41.8
46.0
43.0
45.0
308,036,868
334,374,428
326,661,430
419,097,329
342,158,425
397,117,376
267,903,738
331,582,186
371,639,819
317,544,351
404,473,723
471,533,116
440,102,098
465,915,401
.51
.36
.54
.36
.59
.55
.45
.81
.97
1.23
1.17
.47
.30
.54
157,098,802
1910
120,374,794
1911
176,397,172
1912
150,875,038
1913
201 ,873 ,470
1914
218,414,557
1915 >
120,556,682
1916
268,581,571
1917
360,490,624
1918
390,579,552
1919
473,234,256
1920
221,620,564
1921
132,030,629
1922
251,594,317
Average for 27 years
9,066,332
36.8
335,356,420
.48
165,327,420
686
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
03
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1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914*
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
5 CO
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688
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
OATS
Statistics compiled from reports of Secretary of Iowa Agricultural Society
Year
Acreage
Average
yield per
acre
Total
yield
bushels
Average
farm value
per bushel
December
1st
Total
value
1880
1,179,680
2,207,320
2,758,715
35.0
32.5
29.0
42 ,288 ,800
71,737,900
80,002,735
$ .23
.21
.38
$ 9,496,424
1885
15,064,959
1890 . .
30,401,039
Statistics compiled from reports of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
1896
2 ,825 ,000
4,405,782
4,299,243
4,069,557
3,991,690
3,799,220
2,997,031
3,822,882
4,018,980
4,332,522
4,166,800
4,536,170
4,431,650
26.0
30.0
32.5
34.5
34.7
30.2
31.0
25.9
29.4
33.8
34.0
24.5
25.5
73,450,000
132,571,000
139,915,340
140,647,309
138,832,330
114,883,530
92,907,960
99,012,660
118,435,570
146,439,240
142,036,580
111,190,400
112,830,490
.12
.16
.21
.19
.20
.35
.24
.30
.26
.25
.27
.39
.43
8,814,000
1897...
21,211,384
1898
29,383,220
1899
26,722,989
1900
27,766,466
1901
40,209,235
1902
1903
1904
22,297,900
29,703,798
30,793,284
1905
36,609,810
1906
38,349,878
1907
43,364,256
1908...
48,517,110
Statistics of township assessors; values by Iowa Weather and Crop
Service
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
Average for 27 years
4,312,134
4,697,749
4,730,687
4,874,752
5,205,978
5,285,440
4,985,014
5,199,269
5,410,031
5,822,869
5,565,630
5,833,474
6,338,795
5,874,172
4,660,464
27.0
36.0
25.8
42.6
35.4
33.7
37.9
36.5
42.1
39.4
34.7
39.1
26.0
37.1
32.8
117,083,850
169,207,098
122,474,893
207,819,162
184,500,993
178,330,591
188,720,529
189,876,501
227,743,960
229,233,036
193,342,151
227,849,078
164,647,697
217,840,669
154,882,319
.34
40,979,347
45,685,916
50,214,706
56,111,174
62,730,338
73,115,542
60,390,569
93 ,039 ,485
138,923,816
146,709,143
123,738,977
82,025,668
37,868,970
74 ,065 ,827
55,160,844
CROP STATISTICS
689
BARLEY
Statistics compiled from reports of Secretary of Iowa Agricultural Society
Year
Acreage
Average
yield per
acre
Total
yield
bushels
Average
farm value
per bushel
December
1st
Total
value
1880
200 ,000
212,485
152,682
23.0
27.0
24.0
4,600,000
5,737,095
3,664,368
$ .42
.33
.47
$ 1 ,932 ,000
1885
1,893,241
1890
1,722,254
Statistics compiled from reports of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
1896
547,642
551,867
509 ,589
557,598
501,740
604,610
594,070
493,108
493,370
565,700
558,870
397,210
397,408
29.0
25.5
27.7
26.4
25.3
24.2
25.0
24.7
25.0
27.5
26.5
24.6
26.7
15,881,618
14,076,856
14,138,011
14,719,311
12,695,200
14,654,410
15,380,940
12,179,790
12,317,710
15,566,770
14,858,830
9,893,330
10,629,660
.20
.23
.30
.30
.33
.44
.33
.37
.34
.33
.36
.60
.50
3,176,324
1897
3,237,677
1898
4,241,433
1899
4,415,579
1900
4,189,416
1901
6,447,940
1902
1903
5,075,710
4,506,522
1904
4,188,021
1905
1906.,
5,137,034
5,349,178
1907
5,935,998
1908
5,314,830
Statistics of township assessors; values by Iowa Weather and Crop
Service
1909
562,622
324,571
313,472
389,410
458,743
300,062
202 ,823
265 ,048
305 ,429
537,975
234,779
175,691
132,091
161 ,000
18.4
25.9
19.5
28.5
20.8
24.9
31.4
28.2
34.6
28.4
24.5
27.4
23.7
28.6
10,352,040
8,614,541
6,106,239
11,100,558
9,550,482
7,463,395
6,359,171
7,467,049
10,578,090
15,278,490
5,749,847
4,809,798
3,130,486
4,603,591
.46
.56
.90
.50
.53
.56
.51
.90
1.15
.89
1.11
.63
.42
.52
4,761,938
1910
4,824,143
1911
5,495,615
1912
5,550,279
1913
1914
5,061,755
4.179,501
1915...
3,243,177
1916
6,720,344
1917
12,164,804
1918...
13,597,856
1919
6,382,330
1920 . .
3,030,173
1921...
1,314,804
1922
2,393,867
412,463
26.0
10,672,452
$ .53
$ 5,182,822
44
690
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
RYE
Statistics compiled from reports of Secretary of Iowa Agricultural Society
Year
Acreage
Average
yield per
acre
Total
yield
bushels
Average
farm value
per bushel
December
1st
Total
value
1880
41,000
114,000
100,560
14.0
15.0
16.0
574 ,000
1,710,000
1,608,960
$ .38
.42
.51
$ 218,120
1885
1890
718,200
820,570
Statistics compiled from reports of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
121,670
226,198
210,309
126,236
103,680
54,390
51,931
123,273
99,590
71 ,305
62,530
52 ,450
50,893
16.0
15. 0"
16.0
16.3
15.6
15.8
17.0
15.6
15.0
18.0
17.5
17.0
17.1
1,946,720
3,490,344
3,370,550
2,061,169
1,621,630
859,630
882 ,830
1 ,923 ,060
1,517,090
1 ,283 ,500
1,093,160
900 ,060
869,072
25
486,680
34
1,186,716
38
1,280,809
40
824 ,467
43
697,300
48
412,622
40
353,132
44
846,146
.54
819,228
52
667,420
48
524,717
til
549 ,036
03
547,515
Statistics of township assessors; values by Iowa Weather and Crop
Service
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
Average for 27 years
41 ,606
29,502
44,157
73,315
74,599
71,979
62,365
36,886
48 ,404
69,395
86,901
39 ,268
38 ,483
55,310
78,764
13.4
13.8
15.1
18.0
15.8
16.0
16.1
16.2
19.7
15.7
556,846
407 ,058
668,443
1,322,382
1,179,307
1,025,201
886,473
461 ,2,10
706,594
860,393
1,388,761
631,370
622,738
1,088,436
1,245,334 $
.61
.79
.61
.59
.77
.77
1.15
1.58
1.48
1.33
1.17
.73
.71
.70
334,108
248,305
528,070
806,653
695,791
789,405
682,584
530,392
1,116,419
1,273,382
1,847,052
738,703
454,599
772,790
741,261
CROP STATISTICS
691
POTATOES
Statistics compiled from reports of Secretary of Iowa Agricultural Society
Year
Acreage
Average
yield per
acre
Total
yield
bushels
Average
farm value
per bushel
December
1st
Total
value
1880
107 ,000
157,000
170,048
95.0
82.0
49.0
10,165,000
12,874,000
8,332,352
$ .35
.40
.81
$ 3,557,750
1885
5,149,600
1890
6,749,205
Statistics compiled from reports of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
1896
170,285
163,248
164,456
154,243
149,680
136,300
138 ,484
113,433
113,250
111,335
115,310
117,350
118,517
87.0
61.6
76.0
98.8
73.0
37.4
87.1
53.8
125.0
84.0
101.0
84.0
89.9
14,814,795
10,051,919
12,538,411
15,252,934
10,850,900
5,098,460
12,051,670
6,082,694
14,255,680
9,352,190
11,697,500
9,847,430
10,658,290
.21
.45
.31
.24
.40
.90
.34
.75
.28
.50
.48
.62
.59
3,111,106
1897
4,523,363
1898
3,886,907
1899
3,660,704
1900
4,340,360
1901
4,588,614
1902
4,097,567
1903
4,562,020
1904 .
3,991,590
1905
4,676,095
1906
5,614,800
1907
6,105,406
1908
6,288,391
Statistics of township assessors; values by Iowa Weather and Crop
Service
1909
138,139
132,640
117,943
120,035
112,314
85,931
99,636
88,691
100,246
96,656
78,381
65,560
76,252
69,443
90.0
75.3
77.0
93.9
52.2
98.4
82.5
46.6
85.4
73.3
43.2
111.9
43.0
104.9
12,427,595
9,986,881
9,125,747
11,277,537
5,865,140
8,453,843
8,218,471
4,132,494
8,561,511
7,082,480
3,387,090
7,333,437
3 ,282 ,453
7,286,840
.53
.48
.71
.44
.85
.58
.53
1.75
1.32
1.32
1.94
1.22
1.40
.62
6,586,625
1910
4,793,703
1911
6,479,280
1912
4,962,116
1913
1914
4,985,369
4,903,229
1915
1916
1917
• 4,355,790
7,231,865
11,301,195
1918
1919
1920
1921
9,348,874
6,570,954
8,946,793
4,595,434
1922
4,517,841
116,584
79.1
9,221,274
.73
5,519,481
692
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
FLAX
Statistics compiled from reports of Secretary of Iowa Agricultural Society
Year
Acreage
Average
yield per
acre
Total
yield
bushels
Average
farm value
per bushel
December
1st
Tota
value
1880
103 ,420
10.0
1,034,200
$ 1.00
.94
1.10
$ 1,034,200
1885*
2 ,563 ,293
1890
283,722
10.5
2,929,081
3,221,989
Statistics compiled from reports of the Iowa Weather and Crop Service
1896
199,128
249,882
225,014
142,175
108,850
104,140
94,767
40,823
51 ,370
17,732
19,160
42,790
40,833
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.2
11.2
8.8
8.0
8.7
11.0
9.8
10.7
10.8
11.3
1,891,716
2,498,600
2,376,604
1,597,979
1,222,980
916,890
755 ,350
355,160
591,140
173,770
205 ,280
461 ,960
461 ,580
.60
.87
.80
1.04
1.50
1.29
1.00
.78
1.15
.90
.97
.98
1.01
1,135,029
1897 . .
2,173,782
1898...
1,901,283
1899
1 ,661 ,898
1900
1 ,834 ,470
1901
1,182,788
1902 . .
755 ,350
1903
277,024
1904
679,811
1905 .
156,393
1906
199,122
1907
452,721
1908
466,195
Statistics of township assessors; values by Iowa Weather and Crop
Service
1909
17,365
19,821
39,334
24,121
15,462
15,545
6,486
7,658
8,384
14,973
11 ,372
10,951
8,237
5,723
10.0
8.6
4.6
9.9
7.9
7.4
6.9
8.5
9.9
8.2
9.4
10.5
8.8
10.0
173,650
170,387
178,717
238,442
121,869
114,540
44,743
65,196
82,734
123,077
107,068
114,844
72,775
59,795
1.29
2.28
2.00
1.31
1.36
1.21
1.57
2.06
2.87
3.26
3.90
1.80
1.53
2.07
224 ,009
1910..
388,482
1911
1912
357,434
312,359
1913
165,742
1914
138,593
1915
70,247
1916
1917
134,304
237,447
1918
401,231
1919
417,565
1920
206,749
1921...
111,346
1922
123,776
Average for 27 years
57,114
9.3
562,105
1.53
598,709
*No other data
CROP STATISTICS
(593
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694
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
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807,280
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9.93
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8.94
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18.82
19.57
18.37
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876,844
544 ,088
138,940
568,590
932,650
673,655
324,165
209,412
010,684
534,032
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CROP STATISTICS
695
ALFALFA
Statistics secured by the Census
Year
Acres
Average
yield per
acre, tons
Total
yield,
tons
Average
farm value
per ton
December
1st
Total
value
2,298
10,351
2.72
2.49
6,252
25,724
1905
% 4.17 $
107,144
Statistics of township assessors ; values by Iowa Weath
er and Crop Service
23 ,041
24,132
30,323
46,644
79,769
132,298
152,873
142,753
115,170
120,099
157,679
180,381
187,345
191,551
2.86
2.72
2.33
2.27
2.37
2.08
2.41
2.78
2.22
2.03
3.22
3.01
2.93
2.61
65,806
65,629
70,640
105,936
188,941
275,437
367,913
396,323
255,487
244,374
507,247
543,827
549,726
500,083
1910 '
*8.49
557,190
1914
12.50
11.18
11.71
23.40
23.93
23.09
19.23
12.92
14.80
3,442,962
1915
4,113,267
1916
4,640,942
1917
5,978,396
1918
5,847,870
1919
11,712,333
1920
10,457,793
1921
7,102,460
1922
7,401,228
Average for 16 years
99,794
2.56
260,584
15.04
5,578,326
♦Government Census.
696
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
STATISTICS OF CROPS, 1922
COMPILED IN THE U. S. BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
CORN.
Table 1. — Corn: Acreage, production, and total -farm value, by States,
1920-1922.
State
Thousands of acres
1020
1921
19221
Production (thousands of
bushels)
1920
1921
19221
Total value, basis Dec. 1 price
(thousands of dollars)
1920
1921
Maine
New Hampshire
Vermont
Massachusetts .
Rhode Island . .
Connecticut
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania. . .
Delaware
Maryland
Virginia
West Virginia. .
North Carolina.
South Carolina.
Georgia
Florida
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin
Minnesota
Iowa
Missouri
North Dakota.
South Dakota.
Nebraska
Kansas
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama
Mississippi ....
Louisiana
Texas
Oklahoma
Arkansas
Montana
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico. . .
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Idaho
Washington
Oregon
California
United States
24
81
64
14
74
767
236
1,556
173
650
1.884
600
2,428
1,830
4,393
750
3,965
4,834
9,079
1,706
2,067
3,288
10,300
6,646
569
3,650
7,560
5,007
3,334
2,820
2,330
184
50
1,182
276
29
24
1
45
62
69
139
30
24
81
65
14
74
798
241
1,589
185
645
1,904
592
2,552
2,022
1,703
2,110
3,820
10,250
6,096
620
3,926
7,419
4,358
3,209
3,516
4,042
3,172
1,796
6,227
3,077
2,640
190
56
1,102
290
35
21
1
47
64
66
116
24
82
65
14
77
798
236
1,573
185
635
1,904
604
2,526
2,062
4,385
750
3,823
4,765
8,819
1,720
2,209
3,979
10,123
6,150
680
3,861
7,296
5.09S
3,145
3,280
3,638
2,918
1,706
5,729
3,200
2,350
219
65
1,145
182
39
32
1
52
67
69
116
1,305
1,080
3,807
2,560
560
2,960
30,680
10,384
70,020
6,488
25,025
56,520
20,400
54,630
34,770
65,895
10,125
172,081
195,777
314,133
66,534
89,294
123,300
473,800
212,672
13,656
109,500
255,528
132,686
101,687
56,410
44,320
30,125
142,662
78,960
54,522
2,226
1,200
24,231
5,989
638
526
32
1,620
2,232
2,139
4,587
1,500
1,272
4,455
3,120
644
3,848
36,708
11,327
76,272
6,845
25,155
47,600
20,128
49,254
32,352
69,975
11,032
155,185
169,848
305,966
66,417
97,482
156,620
430,500
182.8S0
17,360
125,632
207,732
96,748
82,150
90,713
58,609
57,096
35,022
156,920
76,925
58,080
3,800
1,232
15,979
6,380
1,015
517
1,645
2,560
1,980
4,060
1,312
1,032
3,444
2,600
560
3,465
28,329
9,912
69,212
5,439
25,400
53,312
20,536
50,520
29,899
52,620
10,500
149,097
176,305
313,074
60,716
98,300
131,307
455,535
175,275
18,700
110,038
182,400
98,391
88,060
75,440
50,932
51 ,065
29,002
114,580
57,600
45,825
5,475
1,560
18,320
2,475
1,170
781
21
1,976
2,747
2,277
4,176
1,670
1,566
4,797
3,200
1,008
4,144
35,589
8,826
70,020
4,866
20,270
56,520
23,664
61,732
40,333
69,190
10,125
117,015
115,508
185,338
54,558
68,756
62 ,883
222,686
136,110
45,990
104,766
58,382
83,383
85,528
55,282
45,206
25,606
119,836
42,638
52,886
1,781
672
16,962
6,588
1,085
789
51
1,620
2,790
2,781
5,504
1,155
954
3,386
2 ,402
708
3,463
24,594
6,003
41,950
3,080
12,326
32,844
15,096
38,418
23,940
37,087
5,847
63,626
62,844
116,267
31,880
44,842
48,552
129,150
73,152
5,902
32,664
56,088
29,992
45,182
47,171
36,338
31,974
22,764
84,737
24,616
33,106
2,546
616
4,953
5,742
1,015
393
35
822
2,202
1,663
3,126
101,699
103,740
102,428
3,208,584
2,890,712
2,150,332
1,297,213
•Preliminary estimate.
CROP STATISTICS
697
CORN — Continued.
Table 2. — Corn: Area and production in undermentioned countries.
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
19221
Average,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
19221
Northern
Hemisphere
north america
1,000
acres
309
104.22P
11,554
1,000
acres
292
101 ,699
1,000
acres
103,850
1,000^
acres"
299
103,234
1,000
bushels
17,297
2,712,364
164,657
1,000
bushels
14,335
3,208,584
1,000
bushels
14,904
3,080,372
3 71 ,005
4,344
1,000
bushels
14,909
United States2
2,896,108
3 61 ,060
553
310
468
4,062
Total North American
104,538
« 1,155
1,134
101,991
829
1,168
734
3,710
6
102
376
2,017
4,486
104,147
814
1,178
750
2,729,661
4 22,229
26,548
15,000
100,349
113
4 14,536
3,222,919
15,267
27,692
11,721
89,298
280
2,122
9,648
50,156
101,136
3,095,276
10,393
24.897
EUROPE
:
Spain 2
Italy 2
3,931
3
4 761
'* 6,038
3,717
5
112
385
2,167
4,646
3,707
4
395
1,716
4,787
92 ,325
217
2,456
9,432
30,800
73,788
70,863
Switzerland 2
185
8,996
4 168,081
31 ,494
57,400
Serbia, Croatia-Slavonia,
and Bosnia-Herzegovina 2. .
Greece 2
«3,059
6 273
4 1 ,544
4 5,143
4 62,112
5 5,952
4 28,219
4 100,620
519
1,407
7,595
108
494
1,418
8,510
132
"i',552
8,411
9,133
20,851
174,553
1,082
7,874
24,172
103 ,228
2,266
Bulgaria 2
19,802
93,810
Poland
Russia, including Ukraine
4 3,923
4 70,222
Total European coun-
tries marked 2
23,041
22,215
309
22
25
1,938
23,446..
375
24
50
2,086
528,759
500,136
379,582
282,550—
AFRICA
3,436
254
110
71 ,939
3,726
354
315
67,165
34
43
1,857
19
461
228
64,220
276
Tunis 2
Total African countries
1,934
1,985
2,160
64,909
72,303
67,834
ASIA
6.34C
13C
156
99S
6,620
150
6,164
87,240
3,637
2,236
7,446
98,840
3,947
78,840
Japanese Empire:
1 ,327
1,344
15,690
16,734
14,64.)
Total Asiatic countries
marked 2
7,335
7,947
7,508
94,686
114,530
95,574
Total Northern Hemis-
136,84!
» 134,13?
137,261
3,418,015
3,909,888
3,638,266
1 Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 1, 1922.
2 Indicates countries reporting for all periods except 1922 either as listed or as part of 6ome other country.
8 Commercial source, quoting official statistics.
4 Old boundaries.
5 1 year only .
698
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
CORN — Continued.
Table 2. — Corn: Area and 'production in undermentioned countries — Continued
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1908-9
to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-
22i
Average,
1908-9 to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22 1
Southern Hemi-
sphere
Chile 2
1,000
acres
56
551
8,128
32,171
1,000
acres
62
495
8,184
4,003
173
4,784
265
9
1,000
acres
63
494
8,090
3,493
186
4,884
284
12
1,000
acres
60
"7,344
i90
3,693
"'lO
1,000
bushels
1,390
6,027
174,502
s 32,588
« 1 ,404
1,000
busheis
1,446
2,784
258,686
44,808
4,002
61,251
6,764
406
1,000
bushels
1,685
4,722
230,423
* 47,669
4,360
1,000
bushels
2,030
Uruguay 2
Argentina 2
156,056
Union of South Africa 2
Southern Rhodesia
♦34,136
2,455
Java and Madura
Australia 2
352
10
10,264
493
7,259
501
New Zealand 2
483
Total Southern Hemisphere
countries marked 2
11,268
13,018
12,436
225,264
314,894
292,259
World total, all countries
markpd 2
148,113
147,156
149,697
3,643,279
4,224,782
3,930,525
Total, all countries reporting
163,876
153,967
155,584
3,900,435
4,314,283
4,016,226
1 Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 1, 1922.
2 Indicates countries reporting for all periods except 1922 either as listed or as part of some other country.
3 3-year average.
4 Commercial source, quoting official statistics.
5 1 year only.
Table 3. — Corn: World production so far as reported, 1895-1921.
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
1895
2,834,750,000
1902
3,187,311,000
1909
3,563,226,000
1916
3,309,818,000
1896
2,964,435,000
1903
3,066,506,000
1910
4,031,630,000
1917
3,540,863,000
1897
2,587,206,000
1904
3,109,252,000
1911
3,481,007,000
1918 ....
3,129,473,000
1898
2,682,619,000
1905
3,461,181,000
1912
4,371,888,000
1919
3,649,815,000
1899
2,724,100,000
1906
3,963,645,000
1913
3,587,429,000
1920
4,314,283,000
1900
2,792,561,000
1907
3,420,321,000
1914
3,777,913,000
1921
4,016,226,000
1901
2,366,883,000
1908
3,606,931,000
1915
4,231,780,000
Table 4.
-Corn: Average yield per acre in undermentioned countries,
1890-1922.
Year
United
States
Russia
(Euro-
pean) »
Italy
Austria
Hungary
(proper)
France
Argen-
tina
Average:
1890-1899
Bushels
24.5
25.8
26.2
28.9
31.5
29.7
28.1
Bushels
13.6
13.9
2 16.7
Bushels
15.3
21.4
24.7
Bushels
19.5
18.9
21.0
Bushels
23.0
22.2
3 28.0
Bushels
19.1
18.9
17.8
Bushels
1900-1909
26.6
1910-1919
19.2
1919
23.1
24.1
24.8
19.1
20.3
20.8
21.9
15.9
18.4
12.8
24.5
1920
24.9
14.2
18.4
31.6
1921
28.5
1922
21.2
1 Excludes Poland.
2 7-year average.
3 6-year average.
CROP STATISTICS
699
CORN— Continued.
Table 5. — Corn: Acreage, production, value, exports, etc., in the United
States, 1849-1922.
Note. — Figures in italics are census returns; figures in roman are estimates of the De-
partment of Agriculture. Estimates of acres are obtained by applying estimated percentage
of increase or decrease to the published acreage of the preceding year, except that a revised
base is used for applying percentage estimates whenever new census data are available.
Acreages have been revised for years 1890-1908. so as to be consistent with the following as
well as the preceding census acreage, and total production and farm values are adjusted
accordingly.
Acre-
age
Aver-
age
yield
per
acre
Produc-
tion
Aver-
age
farm
price
per
bushe
Dec. 1
Farm
value
Dec. 1,
Chicago cash
price per bushel,
contract *
Domestic
exports,
including
corn meal,
fiscal year
beginning
Julyl
Imports
during
fiscal year
beginning
Julyl
Per
cent
of crop
ex-
ported
Year
De
b
Low
cem-
er
Hgh
Foil
ing ]
Low
ow-
Vlay
Hgh
1849
1,000
acres
Bush.
1,000
bushels
692,071
888,798
969 ,948
1,564,992
1,769,616
2,503,484
2,144,553
2,261,119
2,454,628
2,505,148
1,613,528
2,619,499
2,346,897
2,528,662
2,748,949
2,897,662
2,512,065
2,544,957
2,572,336
2,886,260
2,531,488
3,124,746
2,446,988
2,672,804
2,994,793
2,566,927
3,065,233
2,502,665
2,811,302
3 ,208 ,584
3,068,569
2,890,712
Cta.
1,000
dollars
Cts.
Cts.
Cts
. Cts.
Bushels
7,632,860
4,248,991
24,242,396
69,091,110
59,293,085
178,817,417
212,055,543
177,255,046
213,123,412
181,405,473
28,028,688
76,639,261
58,222,061
90,293,483
119,893,833
86,368,228
55,063,860
37,665,040
38,128,498
65,614,522
41,797,291
50,780,143
10,725,819
50,668,303
39,896,928
66,753,294
49,073,263
23,018,822
16,728,746
70,905,781
179,514,442
Bushels
P. «*.-
n.l
2.5
4.4
3.4
M
7.1
9.9
7.8
8.7
7.2
1.7
2.9
2.5
3.6
4.4
3.0
2.2
1.5
1 5
1859 .
49,190
66,076
33 ,334
11 ,445
6,284
3,417
4,171
2,480
5,169
18,278
40,919
16,633
15,443
10,127
10,818
20,312
258,065
1866-1875...
1876-1885...
1886-1895...
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
11/09
37,216
61,671
74,274
86 ,560
88,127
88,304
94,914
95,042
94,636
95,517
90,661
93 ,340
93,573
93.643
94,971
95,603
98 ,888
104,035
105,825
107,083
105,820
103,435
106,197
105,296
116,730
104,467
97.17C
101.69S
103.74C
102, 42*
26.1
25.4
23.8
28.9
24.3
25.6
25.9
26.4
17.0
27.4
25.9
27.1
29.4
30.9
26.5
26.6
26.1
27.7
23.9
29.2
23.1
25.8
28.2
24.4
26.3
24.0
28.9
31.5
29.6
28.2
46.9
39.5
36.7
21.3
26.0
28.4
29.9
35.1
60.1
40.1
42.1
43.7
40.8
39 3
50.9
60.0
58.6
48.0
61.8
48.7
69.1
64.4
57.5
88.9
127.9
136.5
134.5
67.0
42.3
65.7
454,535
617,780
648,785
532,884
558,309
642,747
734,916
878,243
969,285
1,049,791
987,882
1,105,690
1,120,513
1,138,053
1,277,607
1,527,679
1,507,185
1,384,817
1,565,258
1,520,454
1,692,092
1,722,070
1,722,680
2,280,729
3,920,228
3,416,240
3,780,597
2,150,332
1,297,213
1,900,287
46
42
38
22*
25
33|
30
35*
43|
41
43*
42
40
57*
56f
62*
45*
68
47*
64
62*
69*
88
160
135
142
70*
46J
Go*
55
48
43
23f
27*
38
31*
40*
67*
57*
43|
49
50*
46
61*
62*
66
50
70
54
73*
68*
75
96
190
155
160
86
51*
68*
50
44
40
23
32|
32*
36
42|
59*
44
47*
48
47*
49*
671
72*
56
52*
76*
55*
67
50*
69
152
150
160*
189
59
59*
59
49
51
25*
37
34f
40*
58*
64f
46
50
64*
50
56
82
76
63
55*
82*
60
72*
56
78*
174
170
185
217
66
65
1910 2
2 3
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
Ial7
Iyl8
1919
1920 2 ...
1921
1922 3 ...
53,425
903 ,062
12,367,369
9,897,939
5,208,497
2,267,299
3,196,420
3,311,211
10,229,249
5,743,384
124,591
1.7
1.6
.4
1.9
1.3
2.6
1.6
.9
.6
2.2
5.9
» No. 2 to
Acreage adjusted to census basis.
' Preliminary estimate.
'00
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
CORN— Continued.
Table 6. — Corn: Yield per acre, price per bushel December 1, and value per
acre, by States.
Yield per acre (bushels)
Farm price per bushel (cents1
Value per
State
(dollars) »
d
cj
ci CM
ci
o
<N
nM
CM
OS
C2
Oa
£«
00
Oa
o
_
<M
u
CO
>*
lO
<£>
^
00
o
>H
CM
ei*^
CM
S.O!
CM
CM
VO
cm
CM
>>=»
CM
"5
OS
Oa
Oa
Oa
oa
o^
Oa
Oa
oa
OS
OS
02
OS
oa
OS
100
»o
Oa
Maine
47.2
45.0
55.0
45.0
50.0
41.0
127
87
88
85
119
228
167
195
128
77
72.57
41.00
N. Hampshire. .
46.5
45.0
46.5
45.0
53.0
43.0
119
81
82
76
115
217
150
170
145
75
75
67.67
32.25
Vermont
45.7
38.0
46.5
47.0
55.0
42.0
121
81
81
84
110
213
170
175
126
76
91
68.57
38.22
Massachusetts. .
46.5
52.0
52.3
40.0
48.0
40.0
122
85
85
80
120
215
170
172
125
77
94
72.41
37.60
Rhode Island
43.0
44.0
45.0
40.0
46.0
40.0
145
99
98
100
138
236
180
186
180
110
120
76.92
48.00
Connecticut . .
47.4
50.0
50.0
40.0
52.0
45.0
127
85
89
85
120
215
171
180
140
90
96
77.16
43.20
New York
40.1
36.0
43.0
40.0
46.0
35.5
116
81
83
78
110
198
175
166
116
67
83
54.60
29.46
New Jersey ....
42.8
41.0
40.0
44.0
47.0
42.0
101
75
76
75
100
170
150
153
85
53
70
51.28
29.40
Pennsylvania
44.8
40.0
47.0
45.0
48.0
44.0
99
72
73
70
97
153
155
147
100
55
72
52.43
31.68
Delaware
33.0
31.0
30.0
37.5
37.0
29.4
88
59
62
62
89
140
136
145
75
45
70
35.61
2Q.58
Maryland
38.7
35.0
41.0
38.5
39.0
40.0
90
65
68
61
89
140
135
140
81
49
68
41.91
27.20
Virginia
27.8
28.0
28.0
30.0
25.0
28.0
105
76
81
71
93
153
160
169
100
69
79
36.14
22.12
West Virginia.
33.4
31.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
113
80
83
74
101
170
180
164
116
75
84
45.50
28.56
North Carolina.
20.4
21.0
19.0
22.5
19.3
20.0
117
88
86
77
110
170
177
185
113
78
89
29.36
17.80
South Carolina.
16.5
17.0
16.0
19.0
16.0
14.5
125
97
92
87
113
192
195
197
116
74
87
27.01
12.62
Georgia
14.3
15.0
14.5
15.0
15.0
12.0
108
91
85
78
100
160
165
160
105
53
86
19.45
10.32
Florida
14.5
16.0
15.0
13.5
14.0
14.0
97
82
80
73
90
140
138
140
100
53
70
17.00
9.80
Ohio
40.5
36.0
43.0
43.4
41.0
39.0
83
63
61
56
90
136
130
121
68
41
66
39.37
25.74
Indiana
36.7
33.0
37.0
40.5
36.0
37.0
77
60
58
51
84
125
119
125
59
37
56
33.55
20.72
Illinois
35.1
35.5
36.0
34.6
34.0
35.5
78
63
61
54
84
110
120
130
59
38
60
32.91
21.30
Michigan
36.1
30.0
37.0
39.0
39.0
35.3
35.98
23.65
Wisconsin
43.8
40.2
45.0
43.2
46.2
44.5
89
60
65
68
92
163
130
125
77
46
63
39.78
28.04
Minnesota
38.3
40.0
40.0
37.5
41.0
33.0
73
53
52
62
80
110
111
120
51
31
56
31.45
18.48
Iowa
42.1
36.0
41.6
46.0
42.0
45.0
73
60
55
51
80
108
122
120
47
30
56
33.60
25.20
Missouri
27.5
20.0
27.0
32 0
30.0
28.5
86
74
68
57
90
114
143
.138
64
40
68
27.65
19.38
North Dakota . .
26.3
19.0
33.0
24.0
28.0
27.5
84
52
58
67
84
151
130
140
72
34
50
22.26
13.75
South Dakota. .
30.6
34.0
28.5
30.0
32.0
28.5
70
56
50
49
77
120
110
119
42
26
50
25.17
14.25
Nebraska
26.1
17.7
26.2
33.8
28.0
25.0
74
65
53
47
78
120
128
122
41
27
58
21.69
14.50
Kansas
18.1
7.1
15.2
26.5
22.2
19.3
83
78
63
51
90
125
149
140
44
31
61
13.33
11.77
Kentucky
26.8
26.0
24.0
30.5
25.6
28.0
91
76
64
56
87
121
146
155
82
55
69
30.47
19.32
Tennessee
24.4
24.0
21.4
28.0
25.8
23.0
94
77
68
58
94
120
145
157
87
52
79
28.20
18.17
Alabama
14.7
14.6
14.5
15.7
14.5
14.0
102
89
80
69
102
125
148
159
98
62
90
17.81
12.60
Mississippi . . .
16.7
17.0
15.0
16.0
18.0
17.5
100
77
73
65
98
138
151
160
102
56
85
20.87
14.88
Louisiana
17.8
16.0
17.5
19.2
19.5
17.0
100
77
75
64
94
146
161
150
85
65
83
21.46
14.11
Texas
22.2
10.0
30.0
26.0
25.2
20.0
100
82
74
58
104
167
176
118
84
54
83
21.36
16.60
Oklahoma
20.5
7.5
24.0
28.0
25.0
18.0
87
72
64
46
93
147
164
127
54
32
70
15.68
12.60
Arkansas
19.2
13.0
18.0
23.4
22.0
19.5
104
78
80
64
98
140
180
164
97
57
85
24.35
16.58
Montana
16.4
21.0
4.0
12.1
20.0
25.0
99
77
76
69
93
175
135
165
80
67
53
15.98
13.25
Wyoming
22.2
25.0
16.0
24.0
22.0
24.0
95
80
'70
67
90
175
140
165
56
50
60
24.17
14.40
Colorado
16.7
17.5
15.0
20.5
14.5
16.0
85
73
60
55
90
125
135
142
70
31
66
17.75
10.56
New Mexico. . .
20.8
25.0
21.6
21.7
22.0
13.6
114
75
80
73
113
188
180
151
110
90
82
31.78
11.15
Arizona
27.6
28.0
29.0
22.0
29.0
30.0
147
• 110
120
115
140
190
210
200
170
100
115
46.90
34.50
Utah
23.6
28.0
19.2
21.9
24.6
24.4
115
70
75
80
115
170
181
150
150
76
85
34.71
20.74
Nevada
28.2
32.0
26.9
32.0
29.1
21.1
133
118
110
93
125
150
210
140
160
120
105
47.20
22.16
Idaho
36.2
40.0
32.0
36.0
35.0
38.0
104
68
72
65
100
155
183
165
100
50
79
45.51
30.02
Washington . . .
38.2
38.0
36.0
36.0
40.0
41.0
116
80
73
77
100
162
170
185
125
86
105
54.11
43.05
Oregon
30.3
31.0
26.5
31.0
30.0
33.0
109
70
82
82
95
150
155
155
130
84
91
39.93
30.03
California
34.2
28.4
35.0
24.0
32.0
28.9
33.0
31.5
35.0
29.6
36.0
28.2
124
85.4
88
69.1
87
64.4
88
57.5
124
88.9
185
193
179
120
67.0
77
42.3
100
65.7
50.12
36.00
United States
127.9
136.5
134.5
27.77
18.55
Based upon farm price December 1.
CROP STATISTICS
701
CORN — Continued.
Table 7. — Corn: Production and distribution in the United States, 1891-1922,.
Year
Old stock
on farms
Nov. 1
Corn
Total
supplies
Stock on
farms Mar. 1
following
Shipped
out of
county
where
grown
Quantity
Quality
Proportion
merchantable
1897-1901 . . .
1902-1906 . . .
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922 1
1,000
bushels
166,809
91,662
129,786
69,251
77,403
113,919
123 ,824
64,764
137,972
80,046
96,009
87,908
34,448
114,678
69,835
139,083
285,769
177,287
1,000
bushels
2,195,795
2,628,334
2,512,065
2,544,957
2,572,336
2,886,260
2,531,488
3,124,746
2,446,988
2,672,804
2,994,793
2,566,927
3,065,233
2,502,665
2,811,302
3,208,584
3,068,569
2,890,712
Per cent
83.3
88.1
82.8
86.9
84.2
87.2
80.6
85.5
82.2
85.1
. 77.2
83.8
75.2
85.6
89.1
89.6
84.0
85.0
Per cent
85.6
82.2
77.2
88.2
82.7
86.4
80.1
85.0
80.1
84.5
71.1
83.9
60.0
82.4
87.1
86.9
87.5
88.3
1,000
bushels
2,005,697
2,170,417
1,939,877
2,244,571
2,126,965
2,492,763
2,027,922
2,654,907
1 ,961 ,058
2,259,755
2,127,965
2,154,487
1,837,728
2,062,041
2,448,204
2,789,720
2,684,634
2,553,290
1,000
bushels
2,362,604
2,719,996
2,641,851
2,614,208
2,649,739
3,000,179
2,655,312
3,189,510
2,584,960
2,752,850
3,090,802
2,654,835
3,099,681
2,617,343
2,881,137
3,347,667
3,353,338
3,067,999
1,000
bushels
823,739
1,045,965
931 ,503
999,235
980 ,848
1,165,378
884,059
1,290,642
866,352
910,894
1,116,559
782,303
1 ,253 ,290
855,269
1,045,575
1,564,832
1,305,559
1,087,412
1,000
bushels
424,894
596,400
470,046
565,510
620,057
661 ,777
517,766
680,831
422 ,059
498,285
560,824
450,589
678,027
362 ,589
470,328
705,481
587 ,893
515,236
1 Preliminary estimate.
Table 8. — Corn: Monthly and yearly average price 'per bushel of reported
sales, No. 3 yellow, 1899-1900 to 1921-22.
Crop year
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Weight-
ed aver-
age
1899-1900
1900-1901
1901-2
$0.31
.37
.60
.53
.44
.48
.45
.43
.59
.63
$0.30
.35
.64
.46
.44
.43
.42
.42
.58
.59
$0.30
.36
.62
.43
.43
.42
.42
.41
.53
.64
$0.32
.37
.59
.43
.46
.44
.42
.43
.54
.65
$0.36
.39
.59
.41
.46
.47
.40
.43
.63
.66
$0.39
.42
.62
.41
.49
.48
.42
.44
.65
.69
$0.38
.43
.62
.46
.49
.50
.47
.52
.73
.73
$0.40
.42
.63
.49
.50
.55
.49
.53
.72
.75
$0.41
.48
.65
.51
.49
.57
.52
.54
.76
.72
$0.40
.56
.60
.53
.52
.54
.54
.57
.81
.70
$0.40
.56
.59
.51
.53
.53
.47
.64
.80
.69
$0.42
.56
.60
.45
.55
.53
.46
.65
.77
.59
$0.36
.43
.62
1902-3
.47
1903-4
.49
1904-5
.48
1905-6
.44
1906-7
.50
1907-8
.68
1908-9
.65
Av., 1899-1908..
.48
.46
.46
.47
.48
.50
.53
.55
.57
.58
.57
.60
.51
1909-10
.59
.49
.68
.52
.72
.59
.45
.61
.46
.66
.64
.45
.62
.46
.62
.63
.45
.64
.48
.62
.61
.45
.68
.49
.64
.57
.50
.78
.55
.67
.60
.54
.79
.57
.70
.59
.55
.75
.60
.72
.62
.63
.68
.62
.71
.64
.65
.79
.74
.82
.58
.67
.74
.75
.79
.50
.73
.65
.70
.73
.59
1910-11
.53
1911-12
.71
1912-13
.53
1913-14
.70
Av., 1909-1913..
.60.
.55
.64
.69
.92
1.77
1.45
1.47
.74
.56
.71
.74
.98
1.77
1.43
1.51
.65
.56
.74
.74
1.00
1.81
1.27
1.46
.63
.57
.72
.73
1.09
1.70
1.53
1.58
.62
.61
.75
.76
1.40
1.65
1.62
1.69
.57
.64
.77
.75
1.59
1.60
1.74
2.02
.60
.64
.74
.74
1.70
1.62
1.78
1.89
.63
.65
.73
.71
.66
.61
1914-15
.67
.63
.98
2.21
1.33
1.46
.77
.78
.81
1.99
1.70
1.92
1.58
.60
.81
.85
2.06
1.72
1.95
1.58
.56
.74
.86
2.10
1.58
1.55
1.31
.53
.65
.96
2.03
1.41
1.41
.91
.45
.70
1915-16
.79
1916-17
1.11
1917-18
1.63
1918-19
1919-20
1.62
1.59
1920-21
.62
Av., 1914-1920. .
1.15
1.10
1.11
1.09
1.14
1.21
1.30
1.30
1.34
1.35
1.24
1.12
.69
1.15
1921-22
.47
.47
.48
.55
.57
.58
.62
.61
.64
.62
.64
.55
Compiled from Chicago Daily Trade Bulletin.
702 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
CORN— Continued.
Table 9. — Corn: Farm price, cents per bushel, on 1st of each month,
1908-1922.
Year
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug. Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Aver-
age l
1908
54.0
60.7
62.3
48.2
62.2
48.9
69.6
66.2
62.1
90.0
134.8
144.7
140.4
66.7
43.4
56.0
61.4
65.2
49.0
64.6
50.6
68.3
72.8
66.7
95.8
138.8
138.1
146.8
62.4
45.8
58.1
64.7
65.9
48.9
66.6
52.2
69.1
75.1
68.2
100.9
154.3
137.2
148.5
'64.5
54.8
61.2
67.5
65.5
49.7
71.1
53.7
70.7
75.1
70.3
113.4
153.6
149.6
158.6
63.0
56.9
64.7
71.9
63.5
51.8
79.4
56.8
72.1
77.7
72.3
150.6
155.7
162.6
169.6
59.5
59.7
73.7
76.3
65.2
55.1
82.5
60.6
75.0
77.9
74.1
160.1
152.5
171.2
185.2
62.5
61.6
75.7
77.0
66.2
60.0
81.1
63.2
75.5
77.7
75.4
164.6
153.7
176.5
185.6
62.2
62.2
78.1 76.5
75 2 ' 71 n
72.3
67.1
61.1
65.7
70.2
75.3
78.2
70.5
82.3
175.1
159.5
153.9
121.3
51.0
61.6
63.5
62.2
52.6
64.7
58.4
70.7
70.6
61.9
85.0
146.0
140.3
133.4
87.3
41.1
62.9
60.6
57.9
48.0
61.8
48.7
69.1
64.4
57.5
88.9
127.9
136.5
134.5
67.0
42.3
65.7
63.4
65.9
62.1
55.3
67.6
59.4
71.4
71.2
73.8
129.2
147.3
151.5
140 4
1909
1910
67.2
65.8
79.3
65.4
76.8
78.9
79.4
196.6
159.7
191.2
163.7
61.7
64.4
66.3
65.9
77.6
75.4
81.5
77.3
83.6
175.5
165.7
185.4
155.7
56.2
62.7
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
58.6
56.1
1922
Average, 1913-1922
86.7
88.6
92.5
96.5
103.7
108.1
109.7
113.8
111.9
102.9
90.9
90.2
102.6
Weighted average.
Table 10. — Corn: Monthly marketings by farmers, 1917-1922.
Year
Estimated amount sold monthly by farmers of United States (millions of bushels).
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
Sea-
son
1917-18
34
27
20
35
28
26
28
25
36
42
22
35
21
45
49
• 24
27
25
35
39
56
30
40
46
38
78
49
66
74
71
91
61
57
93
80
103
30
42
76
72
88
31
38
58
43
45
34
26
36
27
36
33
33
55
44
37
25
4Z
61
43
640
1918-19
410
1919-20
1920-21
650
1921-22
576
Average
29
31
34
30
42
68
76
65
52
34
40
43
544
Per cen
t of year's sales
1917-18
5.3
6.7
4.5
5.4
4.9
4.0
6.8
5.6
5.6
7.3
3.4
8.4
4.9
6.9
8.6
3.8
6.7
5.6
5.3
6.7
8.8
7.3
9.2
7.1
6.6
12.2
12.1
15.0
11.3
12.4
14.2
15.0
12.9
14.3
13.8
16.1
7.2
9.5
11.7
12.4
13.7
7.5
8.7
8.9
7.5
7.1
8.2
5.9
5.6
4.7
5.6
8.0
7.6
8.5
7.6
5.8
6.1
10.6
9.4
7.5
100.0
100 0
1918-ly
1919-20
100 0
1920-21
100.0
100.0
1921-22
Average
5.4
5.9
6.4
5.6
7.8
12.6
14.0
11.4
9.2
6.3
7.5
7.9
100.0
CROP STATISTICS
703
CORN — Continued.
Table 11. — Corn: Monthly and yearly receipts and shipments, 11 primary
markets, 1909-10 to 1921-22.1
Year
Chi-
cago
Mil-
wau-
kee
Min-
neap-
olis
Du-
luth
St.
Louis
To-
ledo
De-
troit
Kan-
sas
City
Peoria
'Oma-
" ha
In-
dian-
apolis
Total
1909-10:
1,000
bush.
88 ,428
66,011
113,808
92,652
108,431
73,940
131,792
94,311
84,838
57,528
1,000
bush.
6,535
5,893
7,895
7,625
9,410
6,506
11,613
7,887
15,804
10,727
1,000
bush.
6,564
5,047
8,948
5,370
5,423
3,264
6,258
4,374
10,710
8,776
1,000
bush.
883
943
1,697
1,697
12
12
492
492
878
362
1,000
bush.
22,913
16,383
23,766
15,422
25,176
15,492
22,762
12 ,257
16,961
10,119
1,000
bush.
4,001
1,840
6,236
3,290
4,121
2,037
2,996
1,885
4,560
2,314
1,000
bush.
2 Ml
1,412
3,860
1,930
2,857
1,888
2,757
1,615
2,835
1,636
1,000
bush.
15,102
12,873
16,026
13,395
19,646
14,971
16,992
10,614
27,494
19,192
1,000
bush.
15,387
11,009
16,477
11,141
19,041
14,292
17,923
11,202
14,723
6,651
1,000
bush.
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
20,817
15 ,404
22,618
17,732
37,108
33,040
1,000
bush.
(2)
(2)
m
(2)
13,687
1,947
15,974
3,637
14,118
5,183
1,000
bush.
162,280
121,411
1910-11:
198,713
152,522
1911-12:
228,621
149,753
1912-13:
252,177
166,006
1913-14:
230,029
155,528
Average. 1909-1913:
105 ,459
75,688
10,251
7,728
7,581
5,366
792
701
22,314
13,935
4,383
2,273
2,957
1,696
19,052
14,209
16,710
10,859
214,364
149,044
1914-15:
Receipts
Shipments
1915-16:
Receipts
Shipments
1916-17:
Receipts
Shipments
1917-18:
Receipts
Shipments
1918-19:
Receipts
Shipments
1919-20:
Receipts
Shipments
1920-21:
Receipts
Shipments
116,348
80,256
101,325
62,148
78,723
40,497
98,786
34,540
61 ,366
32,019
87,641
37,236
167.241
113,374
19,609
16,985
9,887
6,943
12,755
8,681
12,374
7,006
6,784
3,697
14,652
7,079
27,455
21 ,823
14,699
11,997
5,661
3,927
9,550
7,779
16,715
9,636
6,621
4,773
9,192
6,384
12,066
8,483
3,036
3,036
(2)
(2)
32
6
177
170
6
(2)
5
(2)
4,834
3,777
18,626
10,206
17 ,974
8,678
21,312
13,191
25,354
16,130
19,219
11,956
27,595
15,975
25,924
17,044
4,582
2,594
4,656
1,422
2,882
1,190
2,609
1,160
1,127
549
2,122
1,298
3,194
1,349
4,058
3,021
4,726
3,139
3,192
2,425
4,361
717
1,633
626
1,671
481
1,663
261
16,396
11,914
25,837
22,459
12 ,743
8,469
31,366
24,481
16,146
10,345
11,218
5,034
14,137
9,742
16,736
6,831
35,948
13,722
31,533
11,870
36,176
17,062
18,511
10,530
22,449
17,660
16,091
9,823
24 ,599
23,117
21,496
15,948
29 ,820
25,179
46,159
36,355
21 ,805
21,197
23,227
18,604
20,012
17,356
15 ,087
6,498
22 ,790
11,073
24,421
14,801
20 ,583
9,206
15,905
7,130
19,991
7,170
17,505
6,353
253 ,776
176,455
250,300
149,459
226,963
134,088
294,660
156,463
169,123
102 ,822
219,763
116,921
310,122
209 ,385
Average, 1914-1920:
Receipts
Shipments
101 ,633
57,153
14,788
10,316
I
10,643
7,568
22,286
13,311
3,025
1,366
3,043
1,533
18,263
13,206
25,349
12 ,500
26,731
22,537
19,469
8,890
246,387
149,370
1921-22:
Receipts
Shipments
186,815
115,700
25,630
22,168
15 ,920
12,048
14,111
14,034
33 ,809
22,713
3,994
1,795
2,454
903
16,063
10,242
24,116
18,295
29,583
26,047
21,665
7,053
374,160
250,998
1 Compiled from Chicago Daily Trade Bulletin.
1 No report.
704
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
CORN — Continued.
Table 11. — Corn: Monthly and yearly receipts and shipments, 11 primary
markets, 1909-10 to 1921-22— Continued.
Month
Chi-
cago
Mil-
wau-
kee
Min-
neap-
olis
Du-
luth
St.
Louis
To-
ledo
De-
troit
Kan-
sas
City
Peoria
Oma-
ha
In-
dian-
apolis
Total
1921
November:
Receipts
Shipments
December:
Receipts
Shipments
1922
January:
Receipts
Shipments
February:
Receipts
Shipments
March:
Receipts
Shipments
April:
Receipts
Shipments
May:
Receipts
Shipments
June:
Receipts
Shipments
July:
Receipts
1,000
bush.
6,598
5,037
19,618
7,294
1,000
bush.
607
1,762
3,890
1,475
1,000
bush.
574
305
2,095
1,227
1,000
bush.
265
1,260
1,503
234
1,000
bush.
1,697
1,105
3,905
1,740
1,000
bush.
190
50
495
167
1,000
bush.
114
42
297
87
1,000
bush.
365
277
2,062
1,372
1,000
bush.
1,255
805
2,835
1,827
1,000
bush.
619
639
3,208
2,518
1,000
bush.
1,821
585
2,731
978
1,000
bush.
14,105
11,867
42,639
18,919
24,713
12,931
33,348
19,130
2,987
1,987
3,567
1,230
2,253
1,266
2,613
1,074
1,445
1,753
1
3,944
2,056
4,293
2,147
685
390
636
375
274
173
504
150
1,513
983
2,232
1,063
2,576
2,137
4,080
3,200
3,992
2,974
3,051
2,293
2,155
816
3,481
804
46,537
25,713
59,558
31,467
14,288
13,849
2,626
2,015
2,462
1,505
2,171
37
2,748
2,466
373
170
276
111
2,029
861
1,912
1,505
3,358
3,184
1,687
682
33,930
26,385
5,256
2,115
960
2,729
564
793
379
58
1,154
1,159
138
82
138
79
1,102
563
1,019
540
1,807
2,277
671
307
13,188
10,702
8,424
5,750
2,296
2,623
993
1,446
869
5,843
2,362
1,927
170
159
145
102
1,577
810
1,598
946
2,668
2,640
863
405
21 ,965
22,651
15,876
4,616
2,835
3,694
2,034
1,408
2,253
2,975
3,148
2,472
274
73
165
58
2,239
616
1,879
1,185
2,672
2,944
1,906
557
35,281
20,598
11,362
11 ,243
1,217
1,286
775
1,920
1,472
1,353
2,931
2,075
119
105
80
12
987
1,056
689
840
1,925
1,955
918
367
22 ,475
Shipments
August:
Receipts
Shipments
September:
Receipts
Shipments
October:
Receipts
Shipments
22,212
11,795
12,211
999
660
680
657
732
1,551
2,931
2,185
261
31
171
2
978
1,443
1,685
1,546
2,955
2,295
1,518
227
24,708
22,811
19,137
8,952
16,400
12,572
1,995
1,068
1,651
1,639
402
273
475
174
872
498
397
224
2,509
1,617
2,187
1,764
356
107
297
86
182
32
108
55
428
660
551
538
2,060
1,758
2,528
2,006
1,573
1,167
1,755
1,15S
1,609
615
2,305
710
31,123
16,747
2,651
20,926
CROP STATISTICS
705
OATS.
Table 12. — Oats: Acreage, production, and total farm value, by States,
1920-1922.
State
Thousands of
acres
Production (thousands of
bushels)
Total value, basis Dec. 1
price (thousands of dollars)
1920
1921
1922 1
1920
1921
1922 1
1920
1921
1922 1
Maine
119
18
81
9
1
11
1,059
72
1,210
7
50
148
.200
154
307
344
41
1,540
1,875
4,334
1,485
2,408
3,702
5,894
1,918
2,518
2,219
2,400
2,127
280
250
246
128
50
1,490
1,650
290
533
115
204
61
13
77
3
185
210
300
155
124
18
81
9
1
11
1,038
72
1,238
6
60
163
210
170
338
412
41
1,550
1,912
4,594
1,544
2,632
4,145
6,340
2,148
2,568
2,650
2,585
1,894
293
260
308
147
55
1,865
1,765
300
618
150
217
61
18
79
3
180
210
272
140
130
18
87
10
1
11
1,059
72
1,213
7
58
166
200
178
406
474
37
1,472
1,370
3,860
1,498
2,465
4,021
6,023
1,117
2,388
2,400
2,408
1,494
234
229
277
140
56
1,455
1,500
264
600
158
185
62
20
86
3
162
202
267
150
4,974
702
2,835
306
28
330
40,772
2,304
47,190
231
1,625
3,241
5,400
3,388
7,368
7,224
697
68 ,068
76,875
171,193
58,806
107,878
138,825
229,866
58,499
60,432
75,446
83 ,040
65,299
6,580
4,950
4,428
2,176
1,150
32,780
54 ,450
7,250
11,726
4,370
6,426
1,671
351
2,603
112
7,030
9,786
10,950
4,650
4,340
630
2,673
279
28
330
24,912
1,728
35,283
168
1,620
3,342
4,620
3,060
8,112
8,652
533
35,650
45,888
121,741
28,101
63,958
99 ,480
164 ,840
42,960
48,792
58,300
70,054
38 ,827
5,567
5,330
6,776
2,940
1,265
33,570
35,300
6,600
14,832
4,500
6,727
1,690
630
2,876
113
7,740
10,500
8,704
3,780
4,940
684
3,132
340
31
308
31,770
2,232
41 ,242
161
1,740
3,320
4,600
3,738
9,744
8,532
481
39,744
28,770
110,010
49 ,434
101 ,558
142,746
222 ,851
17,872
78,804
74 ,400
56,106
28,386
4,282
4,351
5,540
2,660
1,249
33,465
30 ,000
6,336
19,200
5,056
4,625
930
620
3,354
112
6,156
7,959
6,675
5,250
4,228
526
2,126
245
22
248
27,317
1,728
31,145
162
1,138
2,625
4,266
3,252
7,589
7,802
418
34 ,034
35,362
73,613
28,227
52 ,860
49,977
82,752
28,665
21,151
24 ,897
30,725
25,467
4,803
3,861
3,897
1,893
943
21 ,635
23,958
5,655
5,980
2,709
3,856
1,337
337
2,082
134
4,780
7,046
7,118
3,720
2,387
378
1,577
165
17
198
11,709
778
15,877
77
729
1,872
2,402
2,142
5,922
5,537
346
11,764
13,308
35,305
10,116
21,106
22,880
37,913
12 ,888
10,246
11,660
14,711
10,483
2,672
2,558
4,404
1,882
886
13 ,092
9,531
2,970
5,043
1,710
2,220
811
410
1,064
85
2,477
4,410
3,308
1,928
2,322
410
Vermont
1,754
214
Rhode Island
19
Connecticut
200
New York
16,203
New Jersey
1,228
Pennsylvania
19,796
Delaware
92
Maryland
887
Virginia
1,959
West Virginia
2,668
North Carolina
2,504
South Carolina .
7,405
Georgia
6,399
Florida
327
Ohio
17,885
Indiana
11,508
Illinois
42,904
Michigan . . .
20,268
Wisconsin
39,608
Minnesota
45,679
Iowa
77,998
Missouri
7,864
North Dakota
20,489
South Dakota
23 ,808
Nebraska
19,076
Kansas
11,638
Kentucky
2,398
Tennessee ....
2,306
Alabama
4,155
Mississippi
Louisiana. . .
1,756
862
Texas
18,406
Oklahoma. . . .
13,500
Arkansas
3,612
Montana
7,104
Wyoming
2,022
Colorado
2,081
New Mexico
539
Arizona
422
Utah
Nevada
1.576
84
Idaho
2,832
Washington
4,616
3,805
California
3,360
42,491
45,495
40,693
1,496,281
1,078,341
1,215,496
688,311
325,954
478,548
Preliminary estimate.
706 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
OATS— Continued.
Table 13. — Oats: Area and production in undermentioned countries,
1909-1922.1
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
1922 s
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
1922 »
Northern Hemisphere
north america
United States 3
1,000
acres
37,357
9,597
1,000
acres
42 ,491
15,850
1,000
acres
44,826
16,949
1,000
acres
41 ,822
16,056
1,000
bushels
1,143,407
351 ,690
17
1,000
bushels
1,496,281
530,710
1,000
bushels
1,060,737
426,233
1,000
bushels
1,229,774
Canada »
558,358
Mexico
Total North American
countries marked 3
46,954
58,341
61 ,775
57,878
1,495,097
2,026,991
1,486,970
1,788,132
EUROPE
United Kingdom:
England and Wales 3
Scotland
2,039
952
1,049
266
1,969
1,028
346
644
77
* 9,801
1,276
« 1 ,253
81
* 10,750
* 4,613
2,266
1,032
1,332
342
1,752
1,091
395
586
62
8,2-78
1,588
1,159
56
7,940
627
1,981
802
1,029
2,148
1,012
1,254
342
1,757
1,112
383
603
64
8,421
1,575
1,199
52
7,814
662
1,963
806
1,003
2,161
987
"i',757"
1,118
392
701
66
7,905
1,512
1,212
51
7,905
"2,021
818
954
82 ,024
37,670
63,083
10,245
79,115
43,115
18,512
40,905
3,382
* 310,020
29,110
« 36,945
4,784
* 591 ,996
* 143 ,392
85,968
41,256
53,648
15,078
69,914
50,794
20,443
33,865
1,849
291 ,406
37,772
24,223
3,118
332 ,490
15,974
59,654
22,307
22 ,242
80,264
38,344
46,144
12,960
76,598
52,158
20,001
35,225
1,243
244 ,455
35,616
6 38,401
3,038
344,812
18,643
74,087
21,964
18,906
74,800
Ireland
Sweden 3
72 ,498
Denmark 3
51,740
Netherlands 3
16,430
Belgium »
27,558
Luxemburg
France'
288,250
Spain »
34 ,926
Italy3
30,589
Switzerland * . .
2,466
Germany J .
284,585
Austria
Czechoslovakia .
64,520
Hungary »
* 2 ,669
« 85,840
22,528
Yugoslavia 3
16,200
Serbia'
«266
«246
225
* 5,443
« 5,216
« 4,973
Croatia-Slovonia 3
Greece . . .
273
2,173
4,118
3,996
7,004
60,979
129,061
4,134
9,301
55,350
150,286
18,154
16,843
8,840
28,029
* 1,105
* 2,858
3,063
4,753
766
622
353
1,038
3,294
5,718
* 9 ,880
* 27,545
* 76 ,590
9,370
Rumania 3
86,117
Poland3
182,960
Latvia
533
675
7,784
17,792
Finland 3
«987
* 39 ,203
1,013
. 988
* 21 ,989
* 904 ,547
24,561
28,647
Russia, including Ukraine anc
Total European countries
marked *
37,998
34,591
36,134
36,852
1,474,002
1,216,147
1,214,404
1,229,664
ASIA
Cyprus ....
429
Japan
282
306
11,162
12,086
13,434
< 4,912
* 87 ,403
1 Official sources unless otherwise stated.
J Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 1, 1922.
3 Indicates countries reporting for all periods given either as listed or as part of some other country.
4 Old boundaries.
1 Includes 627,000 bushels grown in the new territory of Venezia Tridentina and Venezia Giulia.
• One year only.
CROP STATISTICS
707
OATS — Continued.
Table 13. — Oats: Area and production in undermentioned countries
1909-1922— Continued.
Country
Area
Production
Aver-
age,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
1922
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
1922
Northern Hemisphere —
Continued
AFRICA
French Morocco
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
6
578
150
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
1,000
bushels
1,000
bushels
228
6,855
1,481
1,000
bushels
1,000
bushels
<456
141
558
165
583
119
12,950
4,333
10,334
4,134
5,570
964
Tunis*...
Total African count res
597
728
723
702
17,283
8,336
14,468
6 534
Total Northern Hemisphere
countries marked 3
85,549
93,660
98,632
1920-21
95,432
1921-
22 2
2,986,382
3,251,474
2,715,842
3,024,330
Country
Aver-
age,
1908-9
to
1912-13
1919-20
Average,
1908-9 to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22 *
Southern Hemisphere
Chile*
68
46
1,999
6 809
708
376
64
81
2,301
558
1,068
180
60
76
2,061
564
937
148
79
107
2,105
530
"in
2,934
830
52,122
7,197
14 ,851
13,664
2,590
1,479
57,113
7,519
12,556
6,968
3,155
1,989
47,619
7,789
18,521
5,225
3,144
Uruguay 3
2,069
32,973
8,103
Union of South Africa 3
Australia
New Zealand 3
6,753
Total southern hemisphere
countries marked 3
3,298
3,184
2,909
2,992
76,747
75,669
65,777
53 ,042
marked 3
88,847
96,844
104 ,382
101 ,541
98,424
3,063,129
3,327,143
2,781,619
3 ,077 ,372
World total all countries re-
140,627
109,516
102 ,479
4,328,148
3,550,328
3,051,618
3,173,118
1 Official sources unless otherwise stated.
2 Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 1, 1922.
» Indicates countries reporting for all periods given either as listed or as part of some other country.
4 Four-year average.
1 One year only.
Table 14. — Oats: Total production in countries as far as reported, 1S95-1922.
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
1895
3,008,154,000
1902....
3,626,303,000
1909. . . .
4,312,882,000
1916....
13,484,071,000
1896
2,847,115,000
1903....
3,378,034,000
1910....
4,182,410,000
1917....
2 3,006,747,000
1897
2,633,971,000
1904....
3,611,302,000
1911....
3,808,561,000
1918....
2 3,112,522,000
1898
2,903,974,000
1905....
3,510,167,000
1912....
4,617,394,000
1919....
2 2.857,897,000
1899
3,256,256,000
1906....
3,544,961,000
1913....
4,697,437,000
1920. . . .
2 3,550,328,000
1900
3,166,002,000
1907....
3,603,896,000
1914....
4,034,857,000
1921....
2 3,051,618,000
1901
2,862,615,000
1908....
3,591,012.000
1915....
4,306,550,000
1922....
2 3,173,118,000
1 Germany not included. In 1915 Germany produced about 10 per cent of the reported world production
* Russia not included. In 1915 Russia produced about 20 per cent of the reported world production.
708
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
OATS — Continued.
Table 15. — Oats: Average yield per acre in undermentioned countries,
1890-1922.
Year
United
States
Russia
(Euro-
pean)
Ger-
many
Austria
Hungary
proper
France
United
King-
dom »
Average:
1890-1899
Bushels
26.1
29.3
32.1
Bushels
17.8
20.0
2 22.2
Bushels
40.0
50.7
47.5
Bushels
25.3
29.8
29.3
Bushels
Bushels
29.8
33.0
32.8
Bushels
43.6
1900-1909
30.7
3 34.8
44.3
1910-1919
43.1
1919
29.3
35.2
23.7
29.4
41.9
41.9
44.1
36.0
22.4
25.5
28.2
24.6
35.2
29.0
36.5
42.9
1920. .
27.8
27.3
27.5
39.1
1921 . .
37.3
1922. . .
Winchester bushels.
2 Seven-year average.
3 Six-year average.
CROP STATISTICS
709
Table 16. — Oats: Acreage, production, value, exports, etc., in the United
States, 1849-1922.
(See headnote of table 5)
Acreage
har-
vested
Aver-
age
yield
per
acre
Produc-
tion
Aver-
age
farm
price
per
bu.
Dec. 1
Farm
value
Dec. 1
Chicago cash
price per bushel,
contract 1
Domestic
exports,
including
oatmeal,
fiscal year
beginning
July 1 2
Imports,
during
fiscal
year
begin-
ning
July 1 »
Year
D
Low
ec.
Hi
Foil
ing
Low
ow-
Vlay
Hi
1849
1,000
acres
Bush.
1,000
bushels
146,584
172,643
272,993
469,856
717,266
780,124
791 ,442
842,747
925,555
913,800
778,392
1,053,489
869,350
1,008,931
1,090,236
1,035,576
805,108
850,540
1,068,289
1,186,341
922,298
1,418,337
1,121,768
1,141,060
1,549,030
1,251,837
1,592,740
1,538,124
1,184,030
1,496,281
1,078,341
1,215,496
Cents
1,000
dollars
Cis.
Cts.
Cts.
Cts.
Bushels
Bushels
1859
1866-1875
9,680
17,143
27,482
29,645
28,353
28,769
89,540
30,290
29,894
30,578
30,866
31,353
32,072
33,353
33,641
34,006
35,159
37,548
37,763
37,917
38,399
38,442
40,996
41 ,527
43,553
44,349
40,359
42 ,491
45,495
40,693
28.2
27.4
26.1
26.3
27.9
29.3
31.3
30.2
26.0
34.5
28.2
32.2
34.0
31.0
23.9
25.0
30.4
31.6
24.4
37.4
29.2
29.7
37.8
30.1
36.6
34.7
29.3
35.2
23.7
29.9
37.5
32.5
29.4
18.3
20.8
25.2
24.5
25.4
39.7
30.6
34.0
31.1
28.9
31.9
44.5
47.3
40.6
34.4
45.0
31.9
39.2
43.8
36.1
52.4
66.6
70.9
70.4
46.0
30.2
39.4
102,423
152,594
207,143
142,772
164,836
212,482
226,588
232,074
308,796
322 ,423
295,232
313,488
314,868
329 ,853
358,421
402,010
433,869
408,388
414,663
452,469
439,596
499,431
559,506
655 ,928
1,061,474
1,090,322
833 ,922
688,311
325,954
478,548
38
29
27
16|
21
26
22J
21f
42
291
341
281
29i
33
46*
48|
40
31
461
31
37|
461
40|
46f
70*
68
77
47
324
41*
42
33
29
18!
23i
27|
23
22f
48*
32
38
32
32|
35f
501
50*
45
32*
47f
31!
40*
49!
44
54
80|
74*
89
52
42
42*
45
33
28
161
26
24
211
271
41
33f
39!
28f
321
44*
52!
56!
36*
311
50*
35*
37
50*
39*
59*
72
671
100*
36!
37i
52
38
32*
18
32
27!
23!
31
49*
381
44!
32
34!
48*
56*
62*
431
36
58
43
42*
56
49*
74
79*
74 i
117!
431
45
546,033
3,106,723
5,607,237
37,725,083
73,880.307
33 ,534 ,362
45,048,857
42,268,931
13,277,612
8,381,805
1,960,740
8,394,692
48,434,541
6,386,334
2,518,855
2,333,817
2,548,726
3,845,850
2,677,749
36,455,474
2,748,743
100,609,272
98,960,481
95,105,698
125,090,611
109,004,734
43,435,994
9,391,096
21,016,742
732 615
1876-1885
366 123
1886-1895
111 587
1896
131 204
1897
25,093
28,098
54,576
32 107
1898
1899
1900
1901
38,978
150,065
183,983
1902
1903
1904
55,699
1905
40,025
91 ,289
1906
1907
383,418
1908
6,691,700
1909
1 034 511
1910^
107,318
1911
2,622,357
1912
723,899
1913
22,273,624
9114
630,722
1915
665,314
1916
1917
2,591,077
1918
551,355
1919
6,043,834
1920*..
3,795,638
1921
1,733,282
1922 s
1 Quotations are for No. 2 to 1906.
2 Oatmeal not included until 1882.
3 Oatmeal not included 1867-1882, and 1909.
« Acreage adjusted to census basis.
5 Preliminary estimate.
710
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
OATS— Continued.
Table 17. — Oats: Yield per acre, price per 'bushel December 1, and value per
acre, by States.
Value
Yield per acre (bushels)
Farm
price per bushel (cents)
per acre
(dollars)1
State
a
2
W<M
os
a
2
OS
OS
$
CM
OS
>3
00
OS
©
^
cm
gco
eo
■«*<
««
CO
t~
OO
OS
o
CM
g£
CM
f2
OS
os
OS
22
os
CM
OS
|S
os
os
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
CM
OS
CM
OS
CM
OS
CM
OS
Maine
37.8
40.0
34.0
41.8
35.0
38.0
68
55
57
45
67
85
90
92
85
55
47
29.34
17.86
New Hampshire .
36.6
38.0
33.0
39.0
35.0
38.0
69
56
58
54
69
84
87
85
75
6C
60
28.66
22.80
Vermont
34.9
41.0
29.5
35.0
33.0
36.0
68
52
55
53
65
85
90
90
75
59
56
27.95
20.16
Massachusetts...
34.4
40.0
33.0
34.0
31.0
34.0
69
54
56
51
66
81
91
90
80
59
63
28.31
21.42
Rhode Island
31.8
42.0
30.0
28.0
28.0
31.0
69
50
58
50
68
75
90
95
80
60
60
25.75
18.60
Connecticut
31.1
38.0
29.5
30.0
30.0
28.0
69
55
55
55
69
79
90
88
75
60
65
25.35
18.20
New York
31.8
41.0
25.5
38.5
24.0
30.0
61
47
51
45
62
75
84
83
67
47
51
23.79
15.30
New Jersey
31.4
40.0
30.0
32.0
24.0
31.0
61
47
54
48
61
70
79
80
75
45
55
22.84
17.05
Pennsylvania
34.3
39.0
31.0
39.0
28.5
34.0
59
46
51
44
57
73
80
80
66
45
48
24.02
16.32
Delaware
28.4
35.0
23.0
33.0
28.0
23.0
64
51
50
51
62
78
87
90
70
46
57
22.42
13.11
Maryland
30.1
33.0
28.0
32.5
27.0
30.0
62
48
52
49
61
75
86
82
70
45
51
21.90
15.30
Virginia
21.5
23.0
22.0
21.9
20.5
20.0
71
52
58
55
63
84
100
100
81
56
59
18.96
11.80
West Virginia. . .
24.0
27.0
21.0
27.0
22.0
23.0
67
51
55
51
64
79
91
91
79
52
58
19.56
13.34
North Carolina. .
18.9
17.0
16.7
22.0
18.0
21.0
80
61
65
62
74
93
108
106
96
70
67
16.93
14.07
South Carolina..
23.4
22.0
23.0
24.0
24.0
24.0
87
71
71
67
80
100
118
110
103
73
76
21.70
18.24
Georgia
Florida
20.0
20.0
20.0
21.0
21.0
18.0
88
68
70
66
79
117
119
115
108
64
75
20.33
13.50
15.2
18.0
15.0
17.0
13.0
13.0
81
70
70
70
71
98
115
120
60
65
68
14.21
8.84
Ohio
34.2
44.0
33.0
44.2
23.0
27.0
51
40
45
36
53
64
70
72
50
33
45
22.48
12.15
Indiana
32.0
42.0
32.0
41.0
24.0
21.0
48
38
43
34
51
63
67
69
46
29
40
20.50
8.40
Illinois
33.7
44.0
30.0
39.5
26.5
28.5
48
38
44
35
51
65
67
70
43
48
29
39
21.79
11.12
Michigan
31.2
40.0
25.0
39.6
18.2
33.0
50
39
45
35
53
64
69
71
36
41
18.79
13.53
Wisconsin
38.1
46.6
33.4
44.8
24.3
41.2
49
37
43
36
51
66
67
70
49
33
39
22.72
16.07
Minnesota
33.2
41.0
28.0
37.5
24.0
35.5
43
32
40
32
47
63
63
64
36
23
32
17.22
11.36
Iowa
35.7
42.0
34.6
39 0
26.0
37.0
44
34
41
32
48
63
64
64
36
23
35
19.73
12.95
Missouri
24.5
29.0
27.0
30.5
20.0
16.0
50
45
44
38
53
61
70
71
49
30
44
16.96
7.04
North Dakota...
23.0
23.5
15.5
24.0
19.0
33.0
41
30
37
27
44
62
61
67
35
21
26
9.28
8.58
South Dakota...
31.0
39.0
29.0
34.0
22.0
31.0
41
34
38
28
46
61
59
63
33
20
32
15.53
9.92
Nebraska
28.0
22.2
32.8
34.6
27.1
23.3
44
38
40
31
47
61
65
65
37
21
34
15.48
7.92
Kansas
24.1
22.0
28.1
30.7
20.5
19.0
50
45
42
37
55
64
73
73
39
27
41
14.78
7.79
Kentucky
21.5
24.0
.22.5
23.5
19.0
18.3
65
52
53
48
60
76
90
91
73
48
56
17.62
10.25
Tennessee
20.6
25.0
18.5
19.8
20.5
19.0
67
53
53
50
62
83
93
93
78
48
53
17.30
10.07
Alabama
19.4
19.0
18.0
18.0
22.0
20.0
82
69
69
63
75
102
107
105
88
65
75
17.55
15.00
Mississippi
18.4
20.0
16.0
17.0
20.0
19.0
78
63
65
60
74
94
107
105
87
64
66
16.73
12.54
Louisiana
23.1
25.0
22.0
23.0
23.0
22.3
76
57
63
55
68
94
99
100
82
70
69
20.53
15.39
Texas
23.9
14.7
42.0
22.0
18.0
23.0
60
51
48
42
61
82
92
64
66
39
55
16.65
12.65
Oklahoma
25.8
24.0
32.0
33.0
20.0
20.0
52
45
41
35
57
75
84
70
44
27
45
15.95
9.00
Arkansas
23.7
25.5
22.0
25.0
22.0
24.0
66
53
53
52
68
75
88
88
78
45
57
18.44
13.68
Montana
22.8
30.0
6.0
22.0
24.0
32.0
52
32
39
32
47
81
80
91
51
34
37
13.01
11.84
Wyoming
30.6
41.0
12.0
38.0
30.0
32.0
60
40
48
43
60
80
80
112
62
38
40
22.00
12.80
Colorado
28.7
30 0
26.2
31.5
31.0
25.0
57
44
45
41
60
76
80
90
60
33
45
21.12
11.25
New Mexico
25.1
28.0
27.4
27.4
27.7
15.0
68
60
45
50
67
84
89
95
80
48
58
22.27
8.70
Arizona
33.6
40.0
35.0
27.0
35.0
31.0
81
50
70
64
80
96
120
100
96
65
68
34.01
21.08
Utah
36.4
45.0
27.9
33.8
36.4
39.0
63
40
43
45
61
85
97
98
80
37
47
29.78
18.33
Nevada
35.1
38.0
25.3
37.2
37.7
37.2
83
65
55
55
75
96
118
100
120
75
75
36.29
27.90
Idaho
37.8
40.0
30.0
38.0
43.0
38.0
57
32
38
34
54
77
94
98
68
32
46
27.17
17.48
Washington
40.6
27.0
40.0
46.6
50.0
39.4
61
40
42
37
51
81
98
93
72
42
58
29.88
22.85
Oregon
30.0
25.0
31.3
36.5
32.0
25.0
59
38
45
37
49
75
96
92
65
38
57
21.49
14.25
California
30.6
30.6
32.0
34.7
29.0
29.3
30.0
35.2
27.0
23.7
35.0
29.9
70
49.5
60
39.2
53
43.8
50
36.1
72
52.4
85
66.6
94
70.9
96
70.4
80
46.0
51
30.2
64
39.4
25.09
22.40
United States.
18.60
11.76
J Based upon farm price December 1.
CROP STATISTICS
711
OATS— Continued.
Table 1&. — Oats: Production and distribution in the United States.
1897-1922.
Old stock
on farms
Aug. 1
Crop
Total
supplies
Stock on
farms
Mar. 1
following
Shipped
out of
county
where
grown
Year
Quantity
Weight
per
bushel
Quality
1897-1901
1,000
bushels
62 ,020
59,577
73,196
40,528
27,478
66,666
67,801
34,875
103,916
62 ,467
55,607
113,728
47,834
81,424
93,045
54,819
161,108
74,513
1,000
bushels
850,387
1,011,516
805,108
850,540
1,068,289
1,186,341
922,298
1,418,337
1,121,768
1,141,060
1,549,030
1 ,251 ,837
1,592,740
1,538,124
1,184,030
1,496,281
1,078,341
1,215,496
Pounds
30.7
31.4
29.4
29.8
32.7
32.7
31.1
33.0
32.1
31.5
33.0
31.2
33.4
33.2
31.1
33.1
28.3
32.0
Per cent
86.9
87.7
77.0
81.3
91.4
93.8
84.6
91.0
89.1
86.5
87.5
88.2
95.1
93.6
84.7
93.3
74.7
87.7
1,000
bushels
912,407
1 ,071 ,094
878,304
891 ,068
1,095,767
2,253,007
990,099
1,453,212
1,225,684
1 ,203 ,527
1,604,637
1,365,565
1,640,574
1,619,548
1,277,075
1,551,100
1,239,449
1,290,009
1,000
bushels
309,996
387,728
258,104
294 ,082
385,705
442,665
289,989
604,249
419,481
379,369
598,148
394,211
599,208
590,251
409,730
683,759
411,934
421,511
1,000
bushels
238,934
1902-1906
277 ,254
1907
221,147
1908
253 ,929
1909
343,968
1910..
363.103
1911
265,944
1912
438,130
1913
297 ,365
1914. . .
335,539
1915..
465.823
1916
355,092
1917
514,117
1918...
421,568
1919
312,364
1920
431 ,687
1921
258 ,259
1922
304 ,558
Table 19. — Oats: Monthly and yearly average price per bushel of reported
sales of No. 3 -white, 1909-10 to 1921-22.
CHICAGO, i
Crop year
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan. F
Bb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Weight-
ed
average
1909-10
$0.38
.35
.41
.33
.42
$0.39
.34
.45
.33
.43
$0.40
.32
.47
.33
.40
$0.40
.32
.48
.32
.04
$0.44
.32
.47
.33
.40
$0.48 $0
.33
.50
.33
.39
47
31
52
33
39
$0.44
.31
.53
.32
.39
$0.42
.32
.57
.35
.39
$0.40
.34
.55
.38
.40
$0.38
.39
.53
.40
.40
$0.41
.44
.49
.40
.37
$0.42
1910-11
.33
1911-12
.50
1912-13
.35
1913-14
.40
Average, 1909-
1913
.38
.39
.38
.38
.39
.41
40
.40
.40
.41
.42
.42
.40
1914-15
.42
.41
.44
.61
.70
.73
.70
.48
.34
.46
.60
.72
.68
.62
.46
.36
.49
.60
.69
.70
.54
.48
.36
.55
.65
.72
.73
.51
.49
.42
.53
.77
.72
.82
.48
.53
.48
.57
.82
.65
.86
.44
SB
45
56
89
58
86
42
.57
.42
.61
.93
.63
.93
.42
.57
.44
.69
.89
.70
1.01
.36
.54
.43
.70
.77
.69
1.09
.39
.49
.39
.67
.77
.70
1.13
.37
.53
.41
.78
.77
.78
.91
.34
.50
1915-16
.41
1916-17
.54
1917-18
.71
1918-19
.70
1919-20
.80
1920-21
.51
Average, 1914 —
1920
.57
.56
.55
.57
.60
.62
62
.64
.67
.66
.65
.65
.60
1921-22
.32
.35
.31
.33
.34
.34
36
.36
.38
.38
.37
.36
.35
1 Compiled from Chicago Daily Trade Bulletin.
712
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
OATS— Continued.
Table 20. — Oats: Farm price, cents per bushel on 1st of each month,
1908-1922.
Year
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Aver-
age >
1908
46.1
48.1
42.8
33.2
45.1
32.2
39.1
45.0
39.1
51.4
73.9
70.8
78.2
45.6
31.0
47.0
48.1
45.0
33.1
47.5
32.4
39.3
50.1
44.6
55.2
78.7
64.3
82.7
41.8
32.8
47.9
51.1
46.0
32.8
49.8
33.1
38.9
52.1
42.7
56.9
86.2
62.6
84.5
41.9
36.6
50.0
53.2
45.6
32.3
52.0
33.1
39.5
53.4
42.0
61.5
88.9
65.8
90.7
39.3
36.5
50.4
55.3
43.3
33.2
56.0
34.2
39.5
53.4
42.6
71.0
86.0
70.9
98.3
36.8
37.9
51.8
57.4
43.0
34.7
55.3
36.0
40.0
51.3
42.1
69.9
78.1
71.2
102.9
37.9
38.4
50.2
56.2
42.1
37.5
52.5
37.7
38.8
46.7
40.4
68.9
76.3
70.9
104.5
35.6
37.3
49.8
50.0
41.7
40.2
44.3
37.6
36.7
45.4
40.1
73.7
73.0
75.3
81.9
33.8
35.0
47.2
42.3
38.4
40.4
35.0
39.3
42.3
38.5
43.1
61.7
70.3
71.7
70.2
30.1
32.2
47.2
41.0
36.2
42.5
33.6
39.6
43.3
34.5
44.5
62.3
71.0
68.4
60.7
31.0
34.5
46.5
41.0
34.9
43.8
33.6
37.9
42.9
34.9
49.0
61.7
68.2
68.7
54.5
29.2
38.2
47.2
40.2
34.4
45.0
31.9
39.2
43.8
36.1
52.4
66.6
70.9
70.4
46.0
30.2
39.4
47.9
1909
46.4
1910
39.9
1911
38.7
1912
41.4
1913...
36.8
1914.. .
40 9
1915
42.5
1916
44.0
1917.
62.7
1918..
74.6
1919
69.4
1920
74.0
1921.
34.7
1922
36.3
Average, 1913-1922
50.6
52.2
53.6
55.1
57.1
56.8
55.7
53.2
49.9
49.0
48.5
49.5
51.6
Weighted average
Table 21. — Oats: Monthly marketings by farmers, 1917-1922.
Estimated amount sold monthly by farmers of United States (millions "of bushels)
Year
Sea-
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
son
1917-18
... 24
82
67
56
38
39
42
40
35
33
20
24
500
1918-19...
... 34
82
50
42
30
28
28
19
23
27
29
28
420
1919-20
47
60
80
33
59
30
41
19
24
27
25
26
28
21
28
16
26
14
20
17
29
15
34
325
1920-21 . . .
... 36
430
1921-22
38
41
30
20
13
15
18
17
14
11
18
15
250
Average
... 36
69
48
38
25
23
28
25
23
21
23
23
382
Per cent of year's sales
1917-18
4.7
16.4
19.6
18.4
18.7
16.5
13.5
11.9
10.1
13.8
11.8
11.1
9.9
9.2
9.5
7.9
7.7
7.2
5.8
5.5
5.3
7.8
6 7
8.3
5.8
6.1
8.3
6.7
8.2
6.6
7.3
8.0
4.5
6.6
6.6
6.9
7.1
5.5
4.9
6.0
5.6
6.5
6.3
4.3
4.6
4.3
4.0
7.0
5.2
6.8
7.2
4.9
6.7
4.6
7.8
6.0
100.0
1918-19
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22
8.0
14.4
8.3
.... 15.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Average
.... 10.1
18.0
12.2
9.5
6.3
7.0
7.4
6.5
5.8
5.2
6.0
6.0
100.0
CROP STATISTICS
713
OATS — Continued.
Table 22. — Oats; Monthly and yearly receipts and shipments, 11 primary
markets, 1909-10 to 1921-22}
(In thousands of bushels; i.t
., 000 omitted.
Chi-
cago
Mil-
wau-
kee
Min-
neap-
olis
Du-
luth
St.
Louis
To-
ledo
De-
troit
Kan-
sas
City
Peo-
ria
Oma-
ha
In-
dian-
apolis
Total
Year
1909-10:
Receipts
85,999
72,501
107,902
89,705
87,623
70,090
177,103
116,275
105,738
98,141
9,496
7,433
14 ,844
14,873
10,863
8,194
16,252
20,180
18,434
17,172
15,599
14,531
18,419
13,845
10,555
10,043
19,031
16,397
22 ,995
24,272
7,806
7.432
2,434
2,824
4,529
4,639
9,350
8,351
5,795
6,761
20,048
14,765
20,517
15,323
16,879
11,280
23,785
16,592
25,967
19,497
3,670
3,162
3,709
3,435
2,872
2,611
3,637
4,365
3,655
2,819
2,488
383
3,073
265
2,752
348
3,535
514
3,807
649
5,165
4,508
6,280
4,066
6,018
5,071
7,704
7,523
11,325
11,032
10,875
11,705
10,130
10,895
6,658
8,737
11,447
13,188
12,152
13 ,804
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
8,868
9,258
14 ,958
14,802
15 ,977
18,575
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
976
394
8,136
2,876
5,392
1,808
161,146
Shipments
1910-11:
Receipts
Shipments
136,420
187,308
155,231
1911-12:
Receipts
158,593
Shipments
130,665
1912-13:
294 ,938
221,063
1913-14:
Receipts
Shipments
231 ,237
214,530
Average, 1909-1913:
112,873
89,342
13,978
13,570
17,320
15,818
5,983
6,001
21 ,439
15,491
3,509
3,278
3,131
432
7,298
6,440
10,252
11,666
206,644
171 ,582
1914-15:
Receipts
143,813
130,938
151,168
122,280
145,075
108,152
134,310
86,725
115,714
83,719
82,141
60,792
79,430
54,598
29,962
31,179
35 ,252
34,389
32,707
28,649
31,766
20,128
34,727
30,548
26,572
17,766
19,065
13,297
23,042
23,147
45,778
45,024
31 ,322
23,075
42,017
42,181
37,031
33,019
17,054
19,033
26,003
14,600
9,005
8,325
4,844
4,528
3,184
3,493
766
680
2,663
2,378
1,035
1,084
6,241
455
21,419
16,240
17,518
11,636
24,616
18,940
37,431
32,129
30,812
23,836
31,391
22,772
30,103
21 ,387
6,066
5,089
4,707
3,501
4,926
2,642
5,303
3,194
9,010
8,820
3,221
1,601
5,848
2,339
4,028
1,123
5,173
2,292
3,911
934
3,677
607
8,179
1,756
2,418
551
3,345
750
7,338
6,107
4,882
2,582
10,059
10,130
18,344
12,826
16,688
11,343
7,615
5,180
7,137
5,132
11,189
11,726
11,364
11,838
13,562
11,049
20,170
17,541
8,535
8,212
10,636
13,096
9,176
7,906
13,648
13,916
11,421
10,961
18,216
17,392
23,673
21,945
20,661
20,559
13,018
12,110
10,223
8,423
5,828
4,349
13,797
8,677
14 ,895
10,891
19,822
13,705
14,820
4,516
13,969
4,023
16,509
6,099
275,338
Shipments
252,139
1915-16:
Receipts
305,904
Shipments
257,708
1916-17:
Receipts
302 ,473
Shipments
235 ,347
1917-18:
Receipts
337,279
Shipments
251,661
1918-19:
Receipts
298 ,840
Shipments
228,706
1919-20:
Receipts
209 ,070
Shipments
158,008
1920-21:
Receipts
213 ,080
Shipments
134,986
Average, 1914-1920:
Receipts
121,665
92,458
30,007
25,137
31,750
28,583
3,963
2,992
27,613
20,991
5,569
3,884
4,390
1,145
10,295
7,614
12 ,090
11,624
15,837
15,044
14,234
7,466
277,426
Shipments
216,951
1921-22:
Receipts
77,828
63,418
17,321
6,505
5,886
5,047
5,406
3,725
4,087
4,074
4,107
3,939
23,241
17,869
4,315
2,304
1,662
2,017
2,537
1,803
1,566
1,412
1,201
748
32 ,307
28,260
7,230
1,980
3,936
1 ,597
4,362
1,646
2,478
1,984
2,087
1,787
6,065
10,129
1,222
524
725
1,735
515
275
207
470
312
147
25,949
20,160
2,690
2,103
2,329
1 ,639
2,374
1,750
1,288
1,012
1,472
991
4,604
2,348
1,996
556
320
218
190
194
136
141
141
110
2,285
330
332
66
184
10
186
8
245
8
188
24
7,262
5,043
1,840
245
885
240
608
602
441
502
289
431
14,210
12,254
1,812
682
998
976
1,121
1,023
1,120
965
913
851
10,665
9,768
1,458
570
1,002
792
840
692
518
526
440
290
13,052
6,247
2,856
1,159
825
714
1,240
640
1,158
598
774
358
217,468
Shipments
175,826
MONTH
1921-22
August:
Receipts
43 ,072
Shipments
16,696
September:
Receipts
18,752
14,985
October:
Receipts
19,379
Shipments
12,358
November:
Receipts
13,244
11,692
December:
11,924
Shipments
9,676
Compiled from Chicago Daily Trade Bulletin.
2 No report.
714
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
OATS — Continued.
Table 22. — Oats: Monthly and yearly receipts and shipments, 11 primary
markets, 1909-10 to 1921-22— Continued.
(In thousands of bushelsj'i.e., 000'omitted.)
Chi-
cago
Mil-
wau-
kee
Min-
neap-
olis
Du-
luth
St.
Louis
To-
ledo
De-
troit
Kan-
sas
City
Peo-
ria
Oma-
ha
In-
dian-
apolis
Total
MONTH
1921-22
January:
Receipts....
Shipments. .
February:
Receipts. . . .
Shipments. .
March:
Receipts....
Shipments..
April:
Receipts
Shipments. .
May:
Receipts
Shipments . .
June:
Receipts...
Shipments. .
July:
Receipts —
Shipments..
5,035
4,168
4,423
6,269
6,635
3,568
3,208
7,847
9,652
5,571
6,831
5,933
5,211
1,686
738
2,190
1,005
2,045
2,031
707
1,311
2,605
2,158
1,329
1,242
1,398
1,100
1,658
1,725
2,100
1,899
2,362
3,284
1,029
2,407
2,196
4,874
1,513
2,664
1,356
2.413
424
3,170
979
3,482
359
236
2,214
1,561
2,570
1,771
2,332
2,098
1,242
1,281
2,846
2,283
2,434
2,016
2,158
1,655
148
148
378
307
1,172
857
1,099
1,055
1,151
1,321
678
916
1,729
1,575
1,309
1,035
890
786
744
946
1,232
1,390
1,042
1,132
1,012
424
476
1,155
438
14 ,875
10,829
18,081
11,874
17,017
17,765
8,836
10,822
21 ,693
26,664
15,650
19,199
14,945
13,268
CROP STATISTICS
715
WHEAT.
Table 23 Wheat: Acreage, production, and total farm value, by States,
1920-1922.
State
Maine
Vermont
New York
New Jersey . . .
Pennsylvania. .
Delaware
Maryland
Virginia
West Virginia .
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin .
Minnesota
Iowa
Missouri . .
North Dakota
South Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas
Kentucky
Tennessee .
Mississippi .
Texas ....
Oklahoma .
Arkansas .
Montana .
Wyoming
Colorado .
New Mexico.
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Idaho
Washington
Oregon . . .
Cahf ornia . .
United States .
Thousands of acres
1920
13
11
467
74
1,368
116
598
892
253
107
124
2,395
2,080
2,990
1,008
341
2,880
613
3,012
8,916
2,930
3,593
9,294
588
424
20
10
1,583
3,380
2,787
196
1,405
195
36
273
19
1,100
2,459
1,073
714
61,143
1921
1922
475
81
1,365
113
590
847
250
600
118
138
2,434
2,016
2,909
945
214
2,371
555
3,206
9,500
2,845
3,967
10,554
634
450
20
6
2,081
3,786
103
2,715
193
1,719
227
40
276
21
1,123
2,550
1,082
557
77
1,378
578
830
240
612
165
190
2,544
2,056
3,196
1,023
176
1,939
757
3,105
8,740
Production (thousands of
bushels)
1920
63,696
472
23
5
1,249
3,300
2,699
180
1,620
105
49
294
21
1,123
2,426
1,093
712
61,230
209
10,203
1,184
22,700
1,972
10,166
11,150
3,162
7,956
1,177
1,240
30,430
24,960
45,492
15,383
5,152
28,168
10,732
37,653
80,244
26,920
60,480
143,078
5,998
4,028
192
100
20,579
54 ,080
1,197
28,690
3,920
25,273
3,566
864
5,331
424
24,600
41 ,665
22,427
9,996
833 ,027
1921
187
126
9,137
1,539
23,850
1,300
8,260
8,301
3,125
4,500
1,298
1,449
30,185
24,192
46,822
14,840
2,812
22,938
9,944
34,952
80,750
25,980
59,875
128,695
6,340
4,500
210
•84
20,810
47,325
958
33,430
3,316
23 ,239
3,088
840
6,299
26,952
58,245
25,364
8.355
1922 1
814,905
Total value, basis Dec. 1 price
(thousands of dollars)
275
189
9,014
1,540
25,444
1,766
9,537
10,375
2,760
5,508
1,320
1,520
35,644
29,798
55,432
14,326
3,006
27,036
16,867
38,818
123 ,234
40,012
59,838
122 ,887
7,475
4,484
218
60
9,992
31,350
1,118
40,370
3,060
21,776
885
1,274
5,682
550
24,275
32,444
19,744
15 ,308
1920
856,211
1921
658
418
17,856
2,427
38,590
3,372
16,774
20,070
6,008
16,708
3,001
2,976
50,209
41,683
73,242
25,844
7,934
36,618
15,024
60,245
104,317
30,958
79,229
186,002
11,456
7,855
442
213
35,396
73,008
2,274
36,724
5,292
34,118
4,993
2,264
8,156
763
30,750
56,248
29,155
17,993
1,197,263
1922 »
327
158
9,868
1,739
24,566
1,274
8,508
9,629
3,656
6,480
2,700
2,536
32,600
25,644
46,822
15,433
2,727
22,249
8,751
34,602
68,638
22,603
49,696
119,687
7,291
5,400
321
109
20.810
40,700
958
28,416
2,620
17,662
3,242
1,050
4,725
641
19,405
50,091
21 ,560
8.940
468
274
10,636
1,694
27,988
1,907
10,681
12,658
3.367
7,491
2,072
2,280
41,703
33,373
59,312
16,475
3,096
27,306
16,699
40,759
110,911
36,811
57,445
120,429
8,820
5,515
349
87
10,991
30,723
1,185
35,929
2,509
19,380
1,062
1,465
5,113
21,847
33,742
21.323
17,604
754,834 864,139
• Preliminary estimate.
716
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
WHEAT— Continued.
Table 24. — Wheat: Area and production in undermentioned countries.1
Country
Area
Production
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
1922 2
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
1922 2
Northern Hemi-
sphere
north america
Canada 3
United States »
Mexico
1,000
acres
9,945
47,097
< 2,628
1,000
acres
18,232
61,143
1,000
acres
23,261
62,408
1,000
acres
22,631
56,770
1,000
bushels
197,119
690,108
9,995
1,000
bushels
263,189
833,027
1,000
bushels
300,858
794,893
5 5,089
1,000
bushels
388,773
810,123
5 190
Total North
American
countries
marked 3 ...
57,042
79,375
85,669
79,401
887,227
1,096,216
1,095,751
1,198,896
EUROPE
United Kingdom:
England and
Wales3
Scotland
1,792
52
43
12
255
6 123
138
7 395
27
8 16,308
9,547
6 1,180
8 11,746
6 156
8 4,768
8 3,011
1,875
54
50
40
360
180
152
306
27
12,585
10 ,254
1,098
8 11,290
119
3,399
371
1,573
2,662
3,360
1,976
65
43
41
360
220
180
343
27
13 ,300
10,386
1,969
65
57,528
2,345
1,608
307
7,907
4,916
4,976
14,585
615
8 317,254
130,446
8,683
8 183,260
3,314
8 152,119
8 61 ,075
53,352
2,080
1,400
999
10,528
7,390
5,993
10,274
449
236,929
138,605
10,376
8 141,337
3,584
82,583
5,424
26,362
38,294
43,011
69,776
2,568
1,448
972
12,677
11,145
8,562
14,495
661
323 ,467
145,150
8,613
'194,071
3,576
107,798
6,452
38,682
52,715
51 ,809
60,800
Ireland
Norway
8 760
Sweden 3
360
237
156
299
8,473
8 466
Denmark 3
Netherlands 3
5,210
9 870
Luxemburg
6 520
France 3
12,701
10,281
235,380
125,908
5 6,000
163,629
2,363
69 655
Spain 3
Italy3
8 11,779
110
3,561
378
1,556
2,697
3,699
11,540
103
3,384
Switzerland 3
7 150
Czechoslovakia
1,529
2,855
3,637
30,472
43,945
42,250
Hungary 3
Yugoslavia s
8 8,284
8 156 ,523
Serbia3
8 874
868
8 2,764
8 4,576
s 1 ,260
8 14,775
7,200
8 43,725
8 86,679
8 23 ,343
Greece 3
1,399
2,183
5,026
1,790
988
2,361
6,149
2,093
179
46
890
1,930
6,548
2,563
12,194
29,999
62,571
22,740
11,170
31 ,893
77,119
37,409
2,840
784
427
280
9,553
27,925
87 820
Bulgaria 3
Poland3
42,274
Lithuania
Latvia
69
948
Esthonia
Finland
19
20
22
129
8 522,794
272
296
Russia, including
Ukraine and North-
ern Caucasia
8 50,388
Total European
countries
marked 3 ...
63,854
56,940
60,202
59,453
1,208,550
899,384
1,152,832
943,521
AFRICA
Morocco
1,997
3,096
1,319
1,190
1,469
2,816
1,500
1,458
1,853
3,103
939
1,518
21 ,999
6,798
5,229
31,711
17,466
33,764
10,623
37,011
9,553
18,233
3,307
36,648
3,371
1,193
1,311
33,071
6,063
34,000
Tunis 3
Egypt s
Total African
countries
marked 3 .
5,875
5,605
5,774
5,560
73,134
43,738
81 ,398
58,188
1 Sources: Official sources unless otherwise stated.
2 Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to November 1, 1922.
3 Indicates countries reporting for all periods given either as listed or as part of some other country.
4 1 year only.
6 Unofficial.
6 3-year average. .
7 4-year average.
8 Old boundaries.
» Includes 1 ,235,000 bushels in the new territory of Venezia Tridentina and Venezia Giulia.
CROP STATISTICS
17
Table 24.-
WHEAT— Continued.
Wheat: Area and production in undermentioned countries1 —
Continued.
Country
Area
Production
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
1922 2
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
1922 2
ASIA
Turkey...
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
1,000
bushels
35,000
2,286
16,000
349,919
1,000
bushels
1,000
bushels
1,000
bushels
Cyprus
198
2,425
3 8,000
3 4 2,400
3 12,000
Persia
3 8,000
•India 5
29,043
British India 5. .
23,373
6,576
20,240
5,543
22,237
5,997
318,565
59,323
210,149
40,208
308,187
58 165
Native States 5
Russia (Asiatic) . .
9,764
1,179
369
14
84,139
25,274
4,871
173
Japanese Empire:
Japan ....
1,300
1,264
30,026
26,921
10,705
26,495
Chosen
Formosa
Total Asiatic
countries
marked 5 .
29,043
29,949
25,783
28,234
349,919
377,888
250,357
366,352
Total Northern
Hemisphere
c o u ntri es
marked 3, 5 . .
155,814
171 ,869
177,428
172,648
2,518,830
2,417,226
2,580,338
2,566,957
Country
Average,
1912-13
1920-21
1921-22
Average,
1908-9 to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22
Southern Hemi-
sphere
Peru
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
203
1,196
680
14,957
800
6,419
140
1,000
acres
203
1,314
700
14,816
823
9,072
220-
1,000
acres
1,000
bushels
1,000
bushels
2,627
19,916
5,948
214,140
6,630
45,976
4,560
1,000
bushels
2,645
23,190
7,768
169,754
8,113
145,874
6,872
1,000
bushels
3 2,800
22 179
Chiles .
1,021
6 734
15,799
7 751
6,798
258
1,296
812
13,927
839
9,587
353
20,316
« 7,314
157,347
4,620
84,943
7,885
Uruguay 5
Argentina 5
Union of South
Africa 5. . .
9,944
180,641
8,689
Australia 5. . .
132 ,282
New Zealand 5 ....
10,565
Total Southern
Hemisphere
countries
marked 5 ...
25,361
24,192
26,945
26,814
282,425
297,170
361 ,571
364,300
World total
countries
marked 3, 5 . .
181,175
196,061
204,373
199,462
2,801,255
2,714,396
2,941,909
2,931,257
World total all
countries
reporting
249,842
202,793
209,862
203,000
3,576,549
2,824,410
3,078,887
3,035,841
1 Official sources unless otherwise stated.
2 Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to November 1, 1922.
3 Unofficial. 4 Cyprus and Malta.
5 Indicates countries reporting for all periods either as listed or as part of some other country.
6 4-year average. 7 3-year average.
Table 25. — Wheat: World production so far as reported, 1891-192i
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
1891
2,432,322,000
1899. . .
2,783,885,000
1907...
3,133,965,000
1915...
4,198,782,000
1892
2,481,805,000
1900. . .
2,610,751,000
1908...
3,182,105,000
1916...
1 2,608,545,000
1893
2,559,174,000
1901 . . .
2,955,975,000
1909. . .
3,581,519,000
1917...
1 2,287,889,000
1894
2,660,557,000
1902...
3,090,116,000
1910...
3,575,055,000
1918...
'2,803,616,000
1895
2,593,312,000
1903...
3,189,813,000
1911...
3,551,795,000
1919...
1 2, 742, 339, 000
1896
2,506,320,000
1904...
3,163,542,000
11)12...
3,791,951,000
1920...
'2,824,410,000
1897
2,236,268,000
1905. . .
3,327,084,000
1913...
4,127,437,000
1921...
1 3,078,887,000
1898
2,948,305,000
1906. . .
3,434,354,000
1914...
3,585,916,000
1922...
'3,035,841,000
1 Russia not included In 1915 Russia produced 18 per cent of the reported world production.
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720
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
WHEAT— Continued.
Table 27. — Wheat: Acreage, production, value, exports, etc., in the United
States, 1849-1922.
[See headnote of Table 4]
Acre-
age har-
vested
Aver-
age
yield
per
acre
Produc-
tion
Aver-
age
farm
price
per
bushel
Dec. 1
Farm
value
Dec. 1
Chicago cash
price per bushel,
No. 1 northern
spring
Domestic
exports,
including
flour,
fiscal year
beginning
July 1
Imports,
including
flour,
fiscal year
beginning
July 1
Per
cent of
crop
ex-
ported
Year
De
t
o
sein-
er
-a
w
Fol
ing
6:
ow-
May
M
w
1849 . . .
1,000
acres
Bush.
1,000
bushels
100,486
173,105
244,672
425,054
476,788
544,193
610,254
772,163
636,051
602,708
788,638
724,808
663,923
596,911
726,819
756,775
637,981
644,656
700,434
635,121
621,338
730,267
763 ,380
891,017
1,025,801
636,318
636,655
921 ,438
967,979
833 ,027
814,905
856,211
Cents
1,000
dollars
Cfa.
Cts.
Cts.
Cts.
Bushels
7,535,901
17,213,133
50,534,641
127,468,781
143,076,110
145.124,972
217,306,005
222,618,420
186,096,762
215,990,073
234,772,516
202,905,598
120,727,613
44,112,910
97,609,007
146,700,425
163,043,669
114,268,468
87,364,318
69,311,760
79,689,404
142,879,596
145,590,349
332,464,975
243,117,026
203,573,928
132,578,633
287,401,579
219,864,548
366,077,439
279,406,777
Bushels
P.ct.
7.5
1859
1,565,791
1,749,128
711,806
992,754
1,544,242
2,058,938
1,875,173
320,194
603,101
120,502
1,080,128
217,682
3,286,189
261,908
590,092
519,785
456,940
815,617
1,146,558
3,413,626
1,282,039
2,383,537
715,369
7,187,650
24,924,985
31,215,213
11,288,591
5,495,516
57,398,002
17,251,481
9.9
1866-1875.
1876-1885.
1886-1895.
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
20,470
34 ,433
37,500
43,916
46,046
51 ,007
62,689
51,387
52,473
49,649
51 ,632
47,825
49,389
47,800
45,116
45,970
U,262
45,681
49,543
45,814
50,184
53,541
60,469
52,316
45,089
59,181
75,694
61,143
63,696
61 ,230
12,6
12.4
12.7
12.4
13.3
15.1
12.1
11.7
15.0
14.6
12.9
12.5
14.7
15.8
14.1
14.0
15.8
13.9
12.5
15.9
15.2
16.6
17.0
12.2
14.1
15.6
12.8
13.6
12.8
14.0
105.3
92.6
67.3
71.7
80.9
58.2
58.6
62.0
62.6
63.0
69.5
92.4
74.6
66.2
86.5
92.2
98.4
88.3
87.4
76.0
79.9
98.6
91.9
160.3
200.8
204.2
214.9
143.7
92.6
100.9
257,587
391,104
321,071
390,346
493,683
449,022
372,982
373,578
493,766
456,851
461 ,439
551,788
542,543
501,316
552,074
594,128
689,108
561 ,051
543 ,063
555,280
610,122
878,680
942,303
1,019,968
1,278,112
1,881,826
2,080,056
1,197,263
754,834
864,139
95
97
74
74|
92
62f
64
69i
73
71?
77f
115
82*
105
104
80
93}
109
70
69}
74|
79|
77|
87
122
90
110
101
75
68!
117
68|
63f
70
72|
74!
87!
89}
80}
84
125
114
86
971
185
79}
67}
75}
76*
80f
101}
113!
87*
106
20.7
30.0
30.0
26.7
35.6
28.8
29.3
35.8
29.8
28.0
18.2
7.4
13.4
19.4
1907
25.6
1908
1909
19101
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
19201
1921
19222. . .
106}
106
104
105
85
89}
115
106
155}
220
220
280
164
118|
121
112
119!
110
110
90|
93
131
128}
190
220
220
325
187
138
139!
126}
100
98
115
90}
96
141
116
258
220
245
295
142
127
137
119!
106
122
96
100
164}
126
340
220
280
345
178
173
17.7
12.5
10.9
12.8
19.6
19.1
37.3
23.7
32.0
20.8
31.2
22.7
43.9
34.3
1
1
Acreage adjusted to census basis.
Preliminary estimate.
CROP STATISTICS
721
WHEAT— Continued.
Table 28. — Wheat: Yield per acre, price per bushel December 1, and value
per acre, by States.
Value
Yield per acre (bushels)
Farm
price per bushel (cents)
per acre1
(dollars)
State
<N
1 OS
1
. cm
■L os
I, OS
1.3
<u T
> t*-
oo
OS
©
^
CN«
CO
■^<
>o
to
t~
OO
OS
o
-2
o>
Oi
CM
OS
g
CM
i 4)
O M
s
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
S
CM
os
CM
OS
CM
2
IN
2
Me
21.0
22.0
18.8
22.0
17.0
25.0
178
101
109
112
187
235
237
220
230
175
170
41.35
42.50
Vt
18.4
22.0
16.0
19.0
14.0
21.0
164
100
100
107
165
236
231
227
200
125
145
37.97
30 45
N. Y...
19.9
18.2
21.0
21.8
19.2
19.3
151
93
108
101
168
210
215
215
175
108
118
37.45
22.77
N.J....
18.0
17.0
18.0
16.0
19.0
20.0
155
96
109
106
164
213
215
220
205
113
110
34.18
22.00
Pa
17.4
17.0
17.5
16,6
17.5
18.5
148
91
104
104
162
205
214
216
170
103
110
31.26
20.35
Del....
13.9
13.0
12.0
17.0
11.5
16.2
149
88
109
109
162
208
222
213
171
98
108
25.82
17.50
Md....
15.3
15.5
13.5
17.0
14.0
16.5
149
89
106
105
171
207
219
215
165
103
112
28.12
18.48
Va
11.7
12.0
11.8
12.5
9.8
12.5
155
96
108
108
165
216
219
224
180
116
122
22.93
15.25
W.Va..
12.8
14.2
13.5
12.5
12.5
11.5
156
100
108
108
160
217
221
220
190
117
122
25.97
14.03
N.C.
8.6
7.0
7.9
11.7
7.5
9.0
171
106
117
120
176
234
230
233
210
144
136
18.66
12.24
S.C....
10.2
11.0
10.0
11.0
11.0
8.0
203
130
145
138
189
290
260
258
255
208
157
27.16
12.56
Ga
9.8
10.2
10.5
10.0
10.5
8.0
195
120
134
129
186
290
266
263
240
175
150
24.36
12.00
Ohio...
15.6
19.0
19.9
12.7
12.4
14.0
149
90
105
104
169
204
212
212
165
108
117
32.34
16.38
Ind....
14.9
21.0
14.9
12.0
12.0
14.5
147
88
103
102
169
203
208
210
165
106
112
29.06
16.24
Ill
17.6
22.1
17.1
15.2
16.1
17.3
144
86
101
100
165
201
208
210
161
100
107
32.01
18.51
Mich.. .
15.7
14.2
19 4
15.3
15.7
14.0
147
89
103
101
167
204
209
210
168
104
115
29.83
16.10
Wis....
16.6
24.2
13.5
15.1
13.1
17.1
141
82
31.93
17.61
Minn.. .
12.7
20.9
9.4
9.8
9.7
24.73
14.04
Iowa . . .
18.3
18.9
14.8
17.5
17.9
22.3
134
76
96
87
156
199
200
200
140
88
99
29.45
22.08
Mo....
13.3
17.2
13.5
12.5
10.9
12.5
142
84
98
98
165
195
205
209
160
99
105
24.82
13.12
N. Dak.
10.4
13.6
6.9
9.0
8.5
14.1
136
73
101
87
152
200
203
241
130
85
90
15.83
12.69
S. Dak.
11.8
19.0
8.2
9.2
9.1
13.4
133
71
94
86
150
196
199
240
115
87
92
20.69
12.33
Nebr...
14.2
11.2
13.8
16.8
15.1
14.3
131
71
95
84
160
195
197
202
131
83
96
22.28
13.73
Kans . . .
13.6
14.1
13.8
15.4
12.2
12.6
136
79
95
89
164
198
199
215
130
93
98
22.65
12.35
Ky
11.2
13.0
11.5
10.2
10.0
11.5
153
96
103
105
166
212
214
211
191
115
118
21.70
13.57
Tenn...
9.7
10.0
9.3
9.5
10.0
9.5
158
98
105
108
169
222
214
222
195
120
123
18.60
11.68
Ala....
9.5
9.0
9.0
9.6
10.5
9.5
185
115
126
125
185
270
245
245
230
153
160
21.85
15.20
Mies. . .
13.3
16.5
14.0
10.0
14.0
12.0
179
95
125
105
175
300
250
250
213
130
145
32.15
17.40
Tex....
11.5
10.0
16.5
13.0
10.0
8.0
148
94
99
107
T73
210
215
200
172
100
110
22.41
8.80
Okla...
12.9
12.6
14.0
16.0
12.5
9.5
135
82
92
89
167
194
210
205
135
86
98
21.74
9.31
Ark....
10.7
12.0
9.5
9.5
9.3
13.0
146
90
99
101
163
201
207
202
190
100
106
20.71
13.78
Mont...
10.6
12.6
2.7
10.3
12.3
15.0
132
66
91
78
161
192
194
235
128
85
89
14.88
13.35
Wyo...
18.8
25.4
14.4
20.0
17.2
17.0
128
72
89
78
145
200
189
212
135
79
82
32.31
13.94
Colo. . .
14.2
12.3
13.7
18.0
13.5
13.4
128
78
87
80
150
193
195
202
135
76
89
25.97
11.93
N. Mex.
15.2
16.7
19.0
18.3
13.6
8.4
142
97
90
90
150
215
210
200
140
105
120
28.05
10.08
Ariz
24.4
26.0
25.0
24.0
21.0
26.0
168
110
125
115
150
210
240
225
262
125
115
52.06
29.90
Utah. . .
19.4
20.2
15.4
19.5
22.8
19.3
129
73
86
86
152
178
188
210
153
75
90
30.25
17.37
Nev
23.7
25.5
21.2
22.3
23.5
26.2
144
82
95
95
140
180
206
214
180
130
120
43.73
31.44
Idaho. .
21.5
21.3
18.2
22.4
24.0
21.6
124
63
87
80
146
182
192
205
125
72
90
32.09
19.44
Wash...
16.6
13.1
16.8
16.9
22.8
13.4
133
73
100
82
143
193
196
214
135
86
104
26.91
13.94
Oreg . . .
iy.3
14.7
19.2
20.9
23.4
18.1
132
75
102
84
145
182
201
212
130
85
108
28.74
19.55
Calif . . .
16.2
15.0
15.5
14.0
15.0
21.5
147
95
104
95
152
200
216
204
180
107
115
28.97
24.72
U.S..
13.8
15.6
12.8
13.6
12.8
14.0
138.8
79.9
98.6
91.9
160.3
200.8
204.2
214.9
143.7
92.6
100.9
23.81
14.11
'Based upon farm price Dec. 1.
722
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
WHEAT— Continued.
Table 29. — Wheat: Production and distribution in the United States,
1897-1922.
Stocks
in mills
and
elevators
July 1
Old
Btock
on
farms
Julyl
Crop
Total
sup-
plies1
Stock on
farms
Mar. 1
fol-
lowing
Stocks
in mills
and
elevators
Mar. 1
Shipped
out of
county
where
grown
Year
Quan-
tity
Weight
per
bushel
Quality
1897 1901
1,000
bushels
1,000
bushels
42,960
42,048
55,438
33,188
14,171
36,725
34,071
23,876
35,515
32,236
28,972
74,731
15,611
8,063
19,261
49,546
56,707
32,359
1,000
bushels
681 ,963
693,847
637,981
644,656
700,434
635,121
621 ,338
730,267
763,380
891,017
1,025,801
636,318
636,655
921 ,438
967,979
833,027
814,905
856,211
Pounds
57.2
57.2
58.2
58.3
57.9
58.5
57.8
58.3
58.7
58.0
57.9
57.1
58.5
58.8
56.3
57.4
56.6
57.7
Per cent
87.0
1,000
bushels
724,923
735,895
693,419
677,844
714,605
671 ,846
655,409
754,143
798,895
923,253
1,054,773
711,049
652,166
929,501
987,240
882,573
1,000
bushels
175,055
159,665
148,392
137,628
163,371
162,705
122,041
156,471
151,795
152,903
244 ,448
100,650
107,745
128,703
169,904
217,037
1,000
bushels
1,000
bushels
365,058
1902 1906
396,532
1907
89.9
89.4
90.4
93.1
88.3
90.0
93.2
89.7
88.4
87.0
92.4
93.1
82.1
88.9
85.8
87.6
377,999
1908
392 ,440
1909
428,262
1910
98,597
95,710
118,400
93,627
85,955
155,027
89,173
66,138
107,037
123,233
87,075
75,071
91,546
352,906
1911...
348,739
1912
449,881
1913
411,733
1914
541,198
1915 ..
633,380
1916...
361 ,088
1917
325,500
1918
541 ,666
1919
19,672
37,304
26,767
27,830
591 ,552
1920
491 ,035
1921 .
871,612 124,253
888,570 1 153,134
502 ,470
19223.. .
574,452
•Crop and carry-over on farms only. ^Preliminary estimate.
Table 30. — Wheat: Monthly and yearly average price per bushel of
reported sales, 1909-10 to 1921-22.
NO. 2 RED WINTER, CHICAGO1
Weight-
Crop year
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
ed aver-
age
1909-10
SI. 10
$1.04
$1.07
$1.20
$1.18
$1.25
$1.26
$1.23
$1.18
$1.11
$1.11
$1.01
$1.10
1910-11
1.07
1.02
.99
.96
.93
.94
.98
.91
.90
.90
.96
.91
1.02
1911-12
.86
.90
.93
1.00
.96
.96
.97
1.01
1.03
1.09
1.16
1.10
.90
1912-13
1.05
1.03
1.03
1.06
.99
.86
1.09
.99
.95
1.02
1.03
1.00
1.03
1913-14
.87
.88
.93
.92
.92
.94
.97
.97
.95
.95
.99
.82
.88
Av., 1909-1913.
.99
.97
.99
1.03
1.00
.99
1.05
1.02
1.00
1.01
1.05
.97
1014-15
.82
.92
1.11
1.12
1.15
1.20
1.39
1.57
1.52
1.59
1.55
1.24
1.08
1915-16
1.13
1.11
1.08
1.12
1.12
1.23
1.30
1.23
1.13
1.22
1.15
1.05
1.13
1916-17
1.23
1.43
1.53
1.66
1.85
1.76
1.89
1.74
1.99
2.43
2.94
2.76
1.68
1917-18
2.50
2.30
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.16
2.17
2.25
1918-19
2.22
2.21
2.23
2.25
2.24
2.29
2.34
2.28
2.36
2.52
2.76
2.32
2.22
1919-20
2.23
2.24
2.24
2.24
2.29
2.44
2.64
2.42
32.55
2.63
3.10
2.89
2.24
1920-21
2.59
2.50
2.53
2.20
2.01
2.02
1.94
1.85
1.65
1.41
1.67
1.47
2.22
Av., 1914-1920.
1.82
1.82
1.22
1.84
1.29
1.82
1.18
1.83
1.23
1.87
1.18
1.95
1.21
1.89
1.34
1.91
1.38
2.00
1.40
2.19
1.34
1.99
1.18
1921-22
1.24
1.25
NO.
1 DARK
NORTHERN SPRING, MINNEAPOLIS3
1917-18
$2.50
$2.21
2.24
2.77
2.65
$2.21
2.23
2.84
2.21
$2.21
2.25
3.00
1.82
$2.21
$2.21
$2.21
2.29
2.90
1.74
$2.21
2.41
2.97
1.72
$2.21
2.63
3.23
1.57
$2.21
2.68
3.26
1.67
$2.21
2.56
3.01
1.74
$2.23
1918-19
1919-20
1920-21
$2.21
2.72
2.94
2.29
2.71
2.59
2.25
3.25
1.72
2.25
3.34
1.81
2.36
3.00
2.02
Av., 1917-1920.
2.62
2.52
2.47
2.37
2.32
2.36
2.40
1.39
2.28
1.58
2.33
2.41
2.46
2.38
1921-22
1.81
1.57
1.56
1.37
1.30
1.33
1.50
1.66
1.71
1.53
1.48
Compiled from the Chicago Daily Trade Bulletin.
2Based on small number of sales.
'Compiled from the Minneapolis Market Board.
CROP STATISTICS
723
WHEAT— Continued.
Table 31. — Wheat: Farm price, cents per bushel on 1st of each month,
1908-1922.
Year
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Aver-i
age.
1908
88.7
93.5
103.4
88.6
88.0
76.2
81.0
107.8
102.8
150.3
201.9
204.8
231.8
149.2
93.3
89.0
95.2
105.0
89.8
90.4
79.9
81.6
129.9
113.9
164.8
201.2
207.5
235.7
149.3
97.0
89.2
103.9
105.1
85.4
90.7
80.6
83.1
133.6
102.9
164.4
202.7
208.0
226.6
147.2
116.9
89.8
107.0
104.5
83.8
92.5
79.1
84.2
131.7
98.6
180.0
202.6
214.2
234.0
133.5
117.0
89.3
115.9
99.9
84.6
99.7
80.9
83.9
139.6
102.5
245.9
203.6
231.1
251.3
110.7
121.0
92.3
123.5
97.6
86.3
102.8
82.7
84.4
131.5
100.0
248.5
202.5
228.4
258.3
127.4
116.5
89.5
120.8
95.3
84.3
99.0
81.4
76.9
102.8
93.0
220.1
203.2
222.0
253.6
112.2
102.6
90.4
107.1
98.9
82.7
89.7
77.1
76.5
106.5
107.1
228.9
204.5
217.2
232.2
104.8
97.1
88.7
95.2
95.8
84.8
85.8
77.1
93.3
95.0
131.2
209.7
205.6
205.7
218.7
101.2
88.1
90.4
94.6
93.7
88.4
83.4
77.9
93.5
90.9
136.3
200.6
205.8
209.6
214.3
105.6
90.4
91.5
99.9
90.5
91.5
83.8
77.0
97.2
93.1
158.4
200.0
206.0
213.2
188.0
94.2
97.8
92.8
98.6
88.3
87.4
76.0
79.9
98.6
91.9
160.3
200.8
204.2
214.9
143.7
92.6
100.9
90.3
101.3
96.5
86.9
87.4
78.4
88.4
105.2
125.9
200.8
204.3
212.7
217 2
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
112.7
98.8
1922
Av., 1913-1922.
139.9
146.1
146.6
147.5
157.0
158.0
146.8
145.2
142.6
142.5
142.5
146.4
153.2
'Weighted average.
Table 32. — Wheat: Monthly marketings by farmers, 1917-1922.
Estimated amount sold monthly by farmers of United States (millions of bushela)
Year
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
Season
1917-18
1918-19
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22
41
136
137
82
142
69
154
186
97
136
108
139
125
108
122
101
107
89
72
79
77
67
60
47
51
43
56
45
42
40
26
36
34
38
33
22
24
24
36
36
21
16
23
33
29
23
13
25
34
24
17
15
27
44
26
12
12
25
47
27
560
775
800
680
745
Average
108
128
120
90
60
45
33
28
24
24
26
25
711
Per cent of year's sales
1917-18
1918-19
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22
7.4
17.6
17.1
12.1
19.1
12.4
19.9
23.2
14.3
18.2
19.3
18.0
15.6
15.9
16.4
18.0
13.8
11.1
10.6
10.6
13.7
8.7
7.5
6.9
6.8
7.6
7.3
5.7
6.2
5.4
4.7
4.6
4.2
5.5
4.4
3.9
3.1
3.0
5.3
4.9
3.7
2.0
2.9
4.9
3.9
4.1
1.6
3.1
5.0
3.2
3.1
1.9
3.4
6.4
3.5
2.1
1.5
3.2
6.9
3.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Average
14.7
17.6
17.0
12.8
8.7
6.4
4.7
4.0
3.5
3.4
3.7
3.5
100.0
WHEAT — Continued.
Table 33. — Wheat: Monthly and yearly receipts and shipments,
markets, 1909-10 to 1921-22.1
11 primary
Chi-
cago
Mil-
wau-
kee
Min-
neap-
olis
Du-
luth
St.
Louis
To-
ledo
De-
troit
Kan-
sas
City
Peoria
Oma-
ha
Indian-
apolis
Total
Year
1909-10:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
1910-11:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
1911-12:
Receipts.. .
Shipments.
1912-13:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
1913-14:
Receipts...
Shipments.
1,000
bush.
27,542
20,586
27,400
17,259
1,000
bush.
8,482
2,757
10,062
7,875
1,000
bush.
92 ,833
20,546
90,774
20,866
1,000
bush.
54,687
50,280
28,628
25,352
1,000
bush.
22,064
19,622
20,127
20,082
1,000
bush.
4,426
1,474
4,122
1,556
1,000
bush.
1,821
167
2,003
105
1,000
bush.
34,092
22,057
40,537
26,709
1,000
bush.
1,304
1,002
1,225
1,074
1,000
bush.
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
1,000
bush.
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
1,000
bush.
247,251
138,491
224,878
120,938
35,563
30,003
8,497
3,411
96,889
52,745
30,598
25,571
15,336
12,790
6,930
4,644
2,861
401
23,627
16,970
1,518
1,106
11,030
9,690
176
173
233 ,025
157,504
44,168
43,325
50,884
47,905
10,337
5,685
6,372
3,442
126,161
32,761
103 ,679
28,994
83,530
75,435
62,799
64,799
38,792
27,179
27,244
22,242
4,734
2,475
5,802
3,704
977
715
1,442
842
48,374
33,415
32,152
23,730
1,951
1,616
1,629
1,424
20,193
13,133
16,453
11,958
1,560
462
1,898
812
380,779
236,261
310,354
209,852
A v., 1909-10
to 1913-14:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
37,111
31,816
107,708
91,112
8,750
4,434
102 ,067
31,182
52,048
48,287
24,713
20,383
5,203
2,771
1,821
446
35,756
24,576
1,525
1,244
15,892
11,594
1,211
482
286,097
177,215
1914-15:
Receipts...
Shipments.
1915-16:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
1916-17:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
1917-18:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
1918-19:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
1919-20:
Receipts...
Shipments.
1920-21:
Receipts...
Shipments.
9,550
7,010
112,716
39,510
62,268
59,867
34,196
26,913
7,089
4,168
2,763
2,012
77,745
65,650
3,786
3,527
17,767
11,639
3,028
916
438,616
311,324
85,819
61,531
7,337
3,505
163,202
54,932
95,674
82,540
42,226
31,046
9,965
5,571
2,809
1,580
70,442
51,632
4,503
5,336
25,613
16,215
4,851
1,967
512,441
315,855
56,708
47,342
13 ,735
8,118
10,595
8,099
13,138
1,336
119,701
39,689
82 ,229
19,072
30,978
36,789
16,602
13,646
41 ,024
33,080
17,023
13,234
5,719
2,590
4,583
1,379
2,724
1,082
1,597
260
68,720
62,878
22,226
8,255
2,870
2,468
2,195
1,422
31,194
29,221
8,565
6,096
2,890
929
2,990
1,192
373,123
264,167
184,883
74 ,010
54 ,533
67,122
74,167
57,215
15,535
12,575
7,006
3,674
117,787
38,174
119,419
37,468
88,383
86,932
18,317
13,664
42,547
25,621
45,266
32,956
5,940
1,348
8,046
2,285
1,60
30
1,688
289
854,106
635,696
92,215
55,673
3,405
3,371
3,663
4,285
19,730
15,115
26,585
21 ,992
6,477
2,080
7,471
1,340
410,051
288,340
403 ,843
230,841
30,615
27,886
4,424
2,556
118,579
50,724
45,083
43,272
45,316
31,479
5,052
1,400
1,656
149
87,148
64,637
2,199
2,011
28,192
24,372
4,491
458
372,755
248,944
Av., 1914-15
to 1920-21:
Receipts. . .
Shipments .
60,469
51,461
9,655
5,536
119,090
39,938
51,044
48,101
38,227
27,761
6,628
2,677
2,121
811
67,512
49,203
3,260
3,203
22,521
17,807
4,600
1,269
4,056
890
385,127
247,767
1921-22:3
Receipts.. .
Shipments.
51,548
45,803
9,676
7,464
105,343
43,237
49,226
49,843
39,009
29,404
6,753
3,622
1,578
234
90,574
69,085
2,564
1,709
25,310
25,559
385,637
276,850
Months
1921-22
July:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
August:
Receipts. . .
Shipments .
September:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
October:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
November:
Receipts...
Shipments.
December:
Receipts. . .
Shipments.
14,070
3,921
1,442
949
7,043
3,938
2,263
2,667
8,932
3,622
943
91
159
5
17,115
7,610
414
378
5,529
2,674
1,790
347
59,700
26,202
13 ,270
18,390
3,297
4,478
2,893
3,253
4,023
1,415
15,036
5,556
13,208
8,163
6,192
4,300
12,567
13,667
7,159
4,762
4,207
3,922
1,063
189
595
381
187
12
103
71
15,675
11,138
9,271
8,411
983
290
235
230
5,874
6,451
3,399
4,092
587
133
191
147
68,919
54,474
51 ,096
44,977
1,956
1,836
515
356
16,668
5,570
8,705
7,748
3,589
3,234
656
265
139
10
7,434
6,847
93
74
2,046
2,273
213
62
42,014
28 ,275
1,157
2,074
104
495
8,870
2,840
5,523
7,681
1,585
1,506
1,776
639
93
27
4,361
3,672
89
65
637
1,026
147
61
24,342
20,086
795
700
103
83
8,180
2,264
2,851
3,097
1,705
1,302
470
478
129
23
6,288
3,243
59
59
921
1,004
115
24
21,616
12,27 7
iCompiled from Chicago Daily Trade Bulletin.
2No report.
H921-22 figures subject to revision.
CROP STATISTICS
725
WHEAT— Continued.
Table 33. — Wheat: Monthly and yearly receipts and shipments,
markets, 1909-10 to 1921-22— Continued.
11 primary
Mil-
Min-
Kan-
Chi-
wau-
neap-
Du-
St.
To-
De-
sas
Peoria
Oma-
Indian-
Total
cago
kee
olis
luth
Louis
ledo
troit
City
ha
apolis
Months
1921-22
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
January:
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
bush.
Receipts. . .
702
68
7,799
856
1,801
126
151
5,358
112
822
116
17,911
Shipments.
637
171
2,375
312
1,862
158
26
4,052
58
1,182
18
10,851
February:
Receipts. . .
1,393
114
7,190
661
2,254
343
152
7,781
145
1,593
216
21 ,842
Shipments.
918
135
2,131
150
1,731
393
7
4,511
127
1,112
10
11,225
March:
Receipts. . .
1,229
66
7,018
2,548
2,449
217
156
3,981
222
1,009
152
19,047
Shipments.
April:
Receipts.. .
1,284
132
3,270
240
2,304
332
23
4,935
173
1,074
48
13,815
2,103
121
3,562
1,247
1,242
135
100
2,871
95
904
164
12,544
Shipments .
May:
Receipts. . .
1,063
128
1,460
331
1,151
158
9
3,231
76
1,187
21
8,815
9,414
117
5,314
2,707
2,559
275
125
5,385
85
2,049
174
28,204
Shipments.
June:
Receipts. . .
3,002
208
2,531
6,221
2,234
347
9
7,291
91
3,025
17
24,976
2,162
110
5,455
3,106
1,527
154
84
5,054
32
527
191
18,402
Shipments.
7,500
139
3,139
3,429
1,774
191
12
4,144
88
459
2
20,877
726
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
BARLEY.
Table 34. — Barley: Acreage, production, and total farm value, by States,
1920-1922.
State
Thousands of acres
Production (thousands of
busnels)
Total value, basis Dec. 1
price (thousands of dollars)
1920
1921
19221
1920
1921
19221
1920
1921
19221
4
1
11
170
15
4
10
102
81
182
255
502
895
180
7
1,085
1,028
256
767
5
6
78
116
64
6
216
11
20
19
5
92
82
75
1,250
4
9
158
13
4
9
97
65
173
200
473
935
136
7
1,096
1,120
199
728
6
9
78
122
75
9
202
10
29
16
6
87
80
70
1,188
4
10
158
12
4
9
73
42
190
140
443
908
150
5
1,008
952
242
1,074
6
14
93
129
77
10
186
10
25
18
6
85
74
80
1,152
104
26
308
4,930
360
110
270
2,825
2,187
5,533
6,630
15,913
22 ,375
4,950
196
19,530
25,700
7,424
19,482
140
138
1,794
2,784
1,152
216
5,292
260
680
593
150
3,220
2,895
2,415
28,750
104
23
225
3,318
280
120
207
2,522
1,235
4,550
3,500
10,642
18,700
3,196
154
16,988
19 ,040
4,915
14,560
144
189
1,872
2,684
1,538
261
4,444
240
928
512
187
2,784
2,944
2,240
29,700
112
28
290
4,108
306
128
248
1,424
714
5,605
3,500
14 ,220
24,062
4,260
115
25,704
21 ,896
4,356
19,332
168
315
1,767
2,193
1,925
310
3,534
140
825
630
176
2,890
1,813
2,160
36,864
144'
38
370
4,881
324
121
270
2,316
1,903
4,537
5,768
13,367
13 ,872
3,118
192
10,937
13,364
3,712
8,767
161
152
1,346
2,004
749
238
3,969
195
952
593
248
2,415
2,895
2,415
28,750
89
25
180
2,057
174
80
149
1,286
593
2,093
1,995
5,427
6,358
1,342
100
4,927
5,522
1,376
4,222
88
189
842
1,208
923
170
1,644
146
742
246
150
1,308
1,531
1,120
16,632
112
27
281
3,040
199
96
198
Ohio
926
414
3,251
2,275
8,105
Minnesota
11,309
2,087
83
North Dakota
10,025
South Dakota
9,196
Nebraska
2,047
Kansas
8,699
143
252
Texas
1,149
Oklahoma
1,206
962
186
Colorado
2,085
133
Arizona
701
Utah
346
176
Idaho
1,878
Washington
1,342
Oregon
1,598
23,224
United States
7,600
7,414
7,390
189,332
154,946
186,118
135,083
64,934
97,751
iPreliminary estimate.
Table 35. — Barley: Average yield per acre in undermentioned countries,
1890-1922.
Year
United
States
Russia
(Euro-
pean)
Ger-
many
Austria
Hungary,
proper
France
United
King-
domi
Average:
1890-1899
Bushels
23.4
25.5
25.1
Bushels
13.3
14.3
215.6
Bushels
29.4
35.3
33.2
Bushels
21.1
26.3
26.3
Bushels
Bushels
122.6
123.6
23.1
Bushels
39.8
1900-1909...
23.4
324.2
35.0
1910-1919
33.6
1919
22.0
24.9
20.9
26.0
27.6
27.9
31.7
25.6
16.4
18.5
19.6
16.8
17.5
23.4
22.8
24.4
30 8
1920
17.8
18.0
19.0
32.1
1921
30.4
1922
'Winchester bushels. 2Seven-year average. sSix-year average.
CROP STATISTICS
727
BARLEY — Continued.
Table 36. — Barley: Area and production in undermentioned countries}
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
1922'
)
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
19222
Northern Hemisphere
north america
1,000
acres
1,574
7,602
1,000
acres
2,552
7,600
1,000
acres
2,796
7,240
1,000
acres
2,732
7,550
1,000
bushels
45,275
184,812
6,666
1,000
bushels
63,311
189,332
1,000
bushels
59,709
151,181
1,000
bushels
76,396
United States*
196,431
Total North American
countries marked3
9,194
10,152
10,036
10,282
230,087
252,643
50,680
7,784
7,224
5,382
11,175
24,707
2,660
4,351
105
38,382
90,462
1,797
'5,870
190
619
82 ,344
4,392
37,238
22,585
11,699
210,890
272,827
EUROPE
United Kingdom:
England and Wales8
1,488
191
165
«89
451
«'591
68
685
3
«1 ,866
3,509
1,637
204
207
156
398
626
56
91
5
1,641
4,319
1,436
171
175
156
400
628
61
96
5
1,679
4,335
1,364
157
"■'427'
666
62
86
5
1,623
4,217
50,164
7,103
7,493
2,867
14,592
'22,589
3,270
4,247
82
'46,489
74,689
42,472
5,912
5,712
4,279
12,326
27,548
3,302
5,117
74
38,318
89,320
il,913
811,119
40,480
13,274
29,032
2,866
3,991
39,534
74,795
Italy3
'613
5
13
'3,976
'2,712
6494
8
18
2,949
238
1,716
926
'540
574
'10,104
109
441
'153,529
'71 ,988
8,768
Malta
16
2,808
266
1,613
909
16
2,841
309
1,670
926
551
89,056
5,201
47,471
21,408
13,378
491
72,631
5,190
42,144
'69,812
21 ,449
13 ,050
'242
'214
'158
'616
'1,319
'1 ,249
'5,072
'3,455
'2,540
'12,425
'24,821
'27,150
Bulgaria3
554
3,392
1,944
551
3,878
2,451
414
362
275
297
554
4,267
2,825
9,451
65,161
38 ,567
9,094
47,619
56,204
8,972
6,496
4,690
4,939
9,324
84,710
Poland3
59,581
306
388
3,054
6,980
"273
'26,810
293
297
'5,737
'440,047
4,983
4,557
Russia, including Ukraine and
Northern Caucasia
Total European countries
marked3
22,203
22,558
2,341
2,795
927
340
23,151
1,905
2,508
1,230
394
23 ,854
2,150
2,868
603
375
603,114
505,326
39,645
29,932
2,618
10,449
524,443
525 ,867
AFRICA
29,510
48,226
11,482
11,941
22 ,506
3,353
1,145
10394
41,961
'7,900
«1 1,843
19,805
1,378
Egypt3
11,306
Total African countries
marked3
4,892
4,062
4,132
3,846
61 ,704
42 ,999
71,649
32 ,489
"1
1
lOfficial sources, unless otherwise stated.
2Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 15, 1922.
'Indicates countries reporting for all periods either as listed or as part of Borne other country.
*Three-year average.
'Old boundaries.
•Four-year average.
Unofficial.
•Includes 758 ,000 bushels grown in Venezia Tridentina and Venezia Giulia.
•One year only.
i°Two-year average.
728
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
BARLEY — Continued.
Table 36. — Barley: Area and production in undermentioned countries1- —
Continued.
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
19222
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
19222
Northern Hemisphere — Cont.
Asia
Cyprus
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
105
7,419
1,033
1,000
acres
130
6,203
1,000
acres
1,000
bushels
2,151
40,973
1,000
bushels
2,209
149,380
1,000
bushels
2,234
117,040
1,000
bushels
India:
British India
7,836
917
829
3,183
843
35
Native States
Russia, Asiatic
11,171
89,528
19,436
53
Japanese Empire:
Japan
2,987
2,929
1,979
84,909
36,539
87,884
36,727
85,849
Chosen
32,316
Total Asiatic countries
Total Northern Hemi-
sphere countries
marked4
36,289
36,772
37,319
37,982
894,905
800,968
806,982
831,183
Country
Aver-
age,
1908-9 to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22
Average,
1908-9 to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22-
Chile*
1,000
acres
6117
64
6268
6109
137
39
1,000
acres
126
5
615
99
267
23
1,000
acres
128
5
667
91
1,000
acres
139
3
"'87'
1,000
bushels
63,924
661
63,626
2,015
2,819
1,402
1,000
bushels
3,691
76
10,279
?720
4,288
816
1,000
bushels
5,035
82
11,161
1,137
1,000
bushels
5,376
42
Uruguay4
Argentina
Union of South Africa4
1,282
Australia
New Zealand4
47
33
1,587
1,151
Total Southern Hemi-
sphere countries
marked4
269
253
271
262
7,402
5,303
7,841
7,851
Total world countries
36,558
37,025
37,590
38,244
902,307
806,271
814,823
839,034
Total world, all countries
reporting
77,839
52,678
52,961
40,944
1,536,431
1,159,056
1,137,427
986,685
Official sources unless otherwise stated.
2Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to November 15, 1922.
3Three-year average.
indicates countries reporting for all periods either as listed or as part of some other country.
6Two-year average.
6One year only.
'Excluding production in native location which amounted to 29,056 bushels in 1918.
Table 37. — Barley: World production so far as reported, 1895-1922.
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
Bushels
1895
915,504,000
1902....
1,229,132,000
1909....
1,458,263,000
1917....
1,189,868,000
1896
932,100,000
1903....
1,235,786,000
1910....
1,388,734,000
1917....
1936,050,000
1897
864,605,000
1904....
1,175,784,000
1911....
1,373,286,000
1918....
11,074,158,000
1898
1,030,581,000
1905....
1,180,053,000
1912....
1,466,977,000
1919....
1972,937,000
1899
965,720,000
1906....
1,296,579,000
1913....
1,650,265,000
1920....
11,159,056,000
1900
959,622,000
1907....
1,271,237,000
1914....
1,463,289,000
1921....
11,137,427,000
1901
1,072,195,000
1908. . . .
1,274,897,000
1915....
1,439,857,000
1922....
1986,685,000
'Russia not included In 1915 Russia produced about 28 per cent of the reported world production.
CROP STATISTICS
729
Table 38. — Rye: Acreage,
RYE.
'production, and total farm value, by States,
1921-1922.
State
Thousands of
acres
Production (thou-
sands of bushels)
Total value, basis
Dec. 1 price
(thousands of
dollars)
1921
19221
1921
19221
1921
19221
2
5
52
57
200
4
17
38
10
39
5
12
83
306
197
642
371
640
35
30
930
191
151
101
18
19
1
13
34
1
116
24
92
5
15
12
21
39
3
5
55
61
220
5
17
40
10
40
6
18
87
318
256
648
489
1,154
60
28
1,581
439
188
71
20
20
1
13
31
1
126
21
97
2
12
11
19
37
30
95
806
998
3,200
44
238
418
120
273
50
108
1,079
3,978
3,349
8,346
5,046
11,200
564
336
10,230
3,056
1,918
1,141
180
152
12
156
408
9
1,299
504
1,058
70
140
216
294
554
57
100
880
1,159
3,740
70
258
460
120
320
60
171
1,235
3,816
4,096
8,294
7,139
21 ,926
1,140
336
24,506
7,902
2,106
852
230
180
5
117
310
12
1,827
294
873
8
120
165
169
444
52
142
798
1,018
3,040
44
219
397
114
341
125
189
906
2,904
2,679
5,842
3,583
6,944
412
289
5,933
1,772
1,151
776
202
205
19
156
269
12
688
292
635
49
98
151
191
377
80
150
854
985
3,254
74
284
414
114
384
108
231
Ohio
1,025
3,015
3,072
6,303
5,140
14,910
798
312
14,704
4,583
1,369
596
253
214
8
146
248
12
987
153
576
8
Utah
72
HI
161
Oregon
377
4,528
6,210
61 ,675
95,497
43,014
66,085
iPreliminary estimate.
Table 39 — Rye: Average yield per acre in undermentioned countries,
1890-1922.
Year
United
States
Russia
(Euro-
pean)
Germany
Austria
Hungary
proper
France
Irelandi
Average:
Bushels
13.9
15.7
12.7
Bushels
10.4
11.5
211.8
Bushels
20.9
25.6
25.2
Bushels
16.1
19.0
18.0
Bushels
Bushels
U7.6
•17.1
15.6
Bushels
25.2
1900-1909
17.6
«18.4
27.5
«29.3
1910-1919 .
1919
1920
12.0
13.7
13.7
15.5
22.1
18.3
25.4
20.5
12.6
14.1
16.7
15.6
i3!9*
15.2
15.0
19.9
18.0
1921
1922
16.7
•Winchester bushels. *Seven-ye
ar average.
»Six-year
iverage. ^
ine-year av
jrage.
730
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
RYE — Continued.
Table 40. — Rye: Area and production in undermentioned countries.
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
1922*
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
19222
Northern Hemisphere
north america
1,000
acres
117
2,236
1,000
acres
650
4,409
1,000
acres
1,842
4,228
1,000
acres
2,410
5,148
1,000
bushels
2,094
36,093
70
1,000
bushels
11,306
60,490
1,000
bushels
21 ,455
57,918
1,000
bushels
49,602
United States*
79,623
Mexico
Total North American
countries marked3
2,353
5,059
6,070
7,558
38,187
71,796
79,373
129,225
EUROPE
United Kingdom:
England and Wales
48
6
8
«37
977
«632
557
644
26
62,960
1,987
96
7
6
36
914
560
492
523
20
2,148
1,799
762
6282
52
10,588
711
2,238
1,475
578
79
6
6
36
913
559
499
559
20
2,227
1,786
Scotland
6
Norway
""872*
547
491
531
"2 ',087'
1,702
974
23,859
18,098
16,422
22,675
651
648,647
27,635
970
22,434
13 ,242
14,795
18,168
340
32,130
27,830
5,154
64,539
1,622
194,255
10,046
32,941
20,564
6,507
1,043
27,811
12,204
17,987
21 ,273
488
44,392
28,118
Sweden3
23,031
Denmark3 ....
12,354
Netherlands3
13,252
Belgium3
18,598
Luxemburg
France3
37,610
Spain3
27 ,340
Portugal
Italy3
6303
60
615,387
65,019
6287
50
10,539
758
2,181
1,370
562
322
48
10,250
831
2,178
1,340
585
65,328
1,783
6445,222
6112,752
66,5i.9
1,559
267,648
12,661
53,735
23,177
6,263
5,941
1,488
Germany3
210,582
Austria3
12 ,990
45,798
Hungary3
•2,601
648,716
22,361
Yugoslavia3
7,100
Serbia3
6114
639
6185
6530
6317
65,261
61 ,533
6444
62,231
68,553
4,652
690,494
Bosnia-Herzegovina3
Croatia-Slavonia3
Bulgaria3
464
777
7,236
489
807
8,866
1,249
560
353
606
482
660
11,225
6,056
9,676
73,659
6,693
9,023
167,558
21 ,047
9,806
5,908
10,385
7,204
Rumania3
7,400
Poland3
202 ,067
Lithuania
Latvia
486
583
4,686
7,823
Esthonia
Finland3
6592
565,122
603
578
611,174
6798,742
9,173
7,776
Russia, including Ukraine and
Total European coun-
tries marked3
38,165
31 ,440
33 ,058
34,729
890,218
497,637
717,006
662,892
AEICA AND ASIA
Algeria
(7)
2,451
(7)
(7)
(7>
(7)
24,663
4
5
4
Russia, Asiatic
Total African and Asiatic
Total Northern Hemi-
sphere countries mark-
ed3
40,518
36,499
39,128
42,287
928,405
569,433
796,379
792,117
1Official sources unless otherwise stated.
'Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 15, 1922.
3Countries reporting for all periods as listed or as part of some other country.
*Three-year average.
801d boundaries.
•Includes 886 ,000 bushels grown in the new territory of Venezia Tridentina and Venzia Giulia.
'Less lhaa 600
CROP STATISTICS
731
RYE — Continued.
Table 40. — Rye: Area and production in undermentioned countries1
Continued.
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1908-9
to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-222
Average,
1908-09
to
1912-1
1919-20
1920-21
1921-22a
Southern Hemisphere
Chile*
1,000
acres
<6
(5)
<68
•108
9
5
1,000
acres
4
(B)
1,000
acres
3
(5)
1,000
acres
3
(5)
1,000
bushels
4144
*949
«608
108
97
1,000
bushels
53
(B)
1,000
bushels
74
(6)
1,000
bushels
50
Uruguay
(5)
141
(7)
596
32
Total Southern Hemi-
sphere countries mark-
ed3
6
4
3
3
144
928,549
53
74
796,453
50
World total, all countries
40,524
36,503
39,131
42 ,290
569,486
792,167
World total, all countries
108,412
38,061
41 ,440
42,879
1,755,412
581 ,268
834,750
799,994
'Official sources unless otherwise stated.
2Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 15, 1922.
Countries reporting for all periods either as listed or as part of some other country.
*Two-year average.
*Less than 500.
6One year only.
Table 41. — Rye: World production so far as reported, 1895-1922.
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
1895
Bushels
1,468,212,000
1,499,250,000
1,300,645,000
1,461,171,000
1,583,179,000
1,557,634,000
1,416,022,000
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
1906....
1907....
1908. . . .
Bushels
1,647,845,000
1,659,961,000
1,742,112,000
1,495,751,000
1,433,395,000
1,538,778,000
1,590,057,000
1909. . . .
1910....
1911....
1912....
1913....
1914....
1915....
Bushels
1,747,123,000
1 ,673 ,473 ,000
1,753,933,000
1,886,517,00
1,880,387,000
1,596,882,000
1,583,206,000
1916....
1917....
1918....
1919....
1920. . . .
1921....
1922....
Bushels
1,432,786,000
1896..
1897..
1473,152,000
1561,165,000
1898..
'638,745,000
1899..
1900..
1901..
'581,268,000
'834,750,000
'799,994,000
'Russia not included. In 1915 Russia produced about 57 per cent of the reported world production.
732 TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
FLAX.
Table 42. — Flaxseed: Acreage, 'production, and total farm value, by States,
1921-22.
State
Thousands of
acres
Production (thou-
sands of bushels)
Total value, basis
Dec. 1 price
(thousands of
dollars)
1921
19221
1921
19221
1921
19221
6
314
8
430
216
3
20
110
1
4
377
8
575
193
3
20
127
63
2,983
70
2,795
1,404
24
134
550
6
52
3,770
80
5,462
1,834
24
120
889
7
94
4,504
107
3,997
1,952
36
181
770
7
94
8,219
148
11,689
3,686
46
223
1,751
13
United States
1,108
1,308
8,029
12,238
11,648
25,869
iPreliminary estimate.
FLAX — Continued.
Table 43. — Flax (seed and fiber) : World production as far as reported,
1896-1921.
Year
Production
Year
Production
Seed
Fiber
Seed
Fiber
1896
Bushels
82,684,000
57,596,000
72,938,000
66,348,000
62,432,000
72,314,000
83,891,000
110,455,000
107,743,000
100,458,000
88,165,000
102,960,000
100,850,000
Pounds
1,714,205,000
1,498,054,000
1,780,693,000
1,138,763,000
1,315,931,000
1,050,260,000
1,564,840,000
1,492,383,000
1,517,922,000
1,494,229,000
1,871,723,000
2,042,330,000
1,907,591,000
1909
Bushels
100,820,000
85,253,000
101,339,000
130,291,000
132,477,000
94,559,000
103,287,000
182,151,000
m ,063 ,000
161 ,821 ,000
61,692,000
87,964,000
83,288,000
Pounds
1,384,524,000
1897.
1910
913,112,000
1898. .
1911
1,011,350,000
1899
1912
1913
1,429,967,000
1900
1,384,757,000
1901.
1914
1,044,746,000
1902
1915
1916
1917
975,685,000
1903
175,239,000
1904
162,952,000
1905. .
1918
98,982,000
1906
1919
1920
436,329,000
1907
639,024,000
1908
1921
465,269,000
iRussia not included.
84 per cent of the fiber.
In 1915 Russia produced about 18 per cent of the reported world production of flax seed and
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730
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
POTATOES.
Table 45. — Potatoes: Acreage, production, and total farm value, by States,
1921-22.
State
Thousands of acres
Production (thou-
sands of bushels)
Total value, basis
Dec. 1 price (thou-
sands of dollars)
1921
1922 1
1921
19221
1921
1922 1
Maine
129
14
25
29
3
23
330
95
251
10
49
149
48
46
30
23
17
120
70
121
340
315
430
96
82
124
90
102
65
58
35
32
16
27
37
36
33
41
19
113
4
4
15
4
64
60
43
74
135
14
25
29
3
24
340
95
264
10
51
155
49
48
33
25
26
126
74
119
357
328
486
94
90
198
110
139
65
59
32
48
16
27
39
40
35
46
23
142
4
6
21
5
86
65
49
76
38,442
2,240
3,750
3,335
345
2,369
33,990
9,025
21,586
500
3,185
16,092
4,080
4,048
2,550
1,725
1,564
6,960
3,570
6,413
27,200
21 ,420
32 ,250
4,128
4,756
11,904
5,490
8,160
4,160
3,770
1,820
2,400
1,088
1,809
2,072
2,088
1,815
4,715
2,052
14,916
240
460
2,415
592
11,840
8,100
3,870
10,260
21,600
1,400
3,000
2,610
270
3,360
37,400
16,435
28,512
960
5,151
16,585
4,851
4,512
2,508
1,700
2,600
11,214
5,624
7,497
37,842
40,672
43,740
8,460
5,400
17,820
8,580
11,676
4,160
4,720
2,560
3,840
1,360
1,755
2,418
2,720
2,380
5,796
2,530
18 ,460
200
510
4,137
920
15,910
9,425
5,145
10,260
32,676
3,024
3,900
5,069
552
3,554
36,709
12,816
28,709
550
3,504
17,701
6,650
5,789
3,825
2,846
2,972
10,788
5,176
8,978
25 ,840
20,349
29,025
5,779
6,421
8,333
5,874
9,792
5,616
6,220
3,003
4,080
2,176
3,256
3,937
3,863
3,267
3,772
2,421
10,889
432
644
2,053
710
9,117
8,019
4,218
13,468
9,720
1 470
New Hampshire
Vermont
2,790
2,480
243
Massachusetts. .
Rhode Island . .
Connecticut . . .
3,360
22,440
New York . .
New Jersey
11,833
Pennsylvania . . .
21,384
Delaware
672
Maryland ....
3,091
Virginia
10,780
West Virginia
4,220
North Carolina
4,557
South Carolina..
3,210
Georgia ....
2,380
4,550
Flordia
Ohio
10,093
4,724
6,747
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
12,866
13,422
Minnesota
15,309
5,668
Missouri . .
4,968
North Dakota
5,524
South Dakota
3,775
Nebraska...
5,488
Kansas
3,827
Kentucky
4,720
Tennessee . . .
2,816
5,760
Mississippi . .
2,176
2,632
Texas
3,869
Oklahoma
3,346
3,094
Montana
2,318
Wyoming
1.265
Colorado
6,830
New Mexico
290
459
1,655
552
4,932
Washington
4,241
2,675
California '
7,387
United States
3,941
4,331
361,659
451,185
398,362
262,608
Preliminary estimate.
Table 46.-
POTATOES— Continued.
■Potatoes: Area and production in undermentioned countries.
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1909-
1913
1920
1921
1922 1
Average,
1909-1913
1920
1921
1922 >
Northern Hemisphere
north america
Canada 2
1,000
acres
483
3,677
1,000
acres
785
3,657
1,000
acres
702
3,815
1,000
acres
694
4,228
1,000
bushels
77,873
357,699
924
1,000
bushels
133,831
403,296
1,000
bushels
107,346
346,823
1,552
73
1,000
bushels
102 ,686
433 ,905
United States 2
Mexico
Guatemala
2
4
4
96
Total North Amer-
ica 2
4,160
4,442
4,517
435,572
537,127
454,169
EUROPE 3
United Kingdom:
England and Wales 2 . .
Scotland 2
434
145
590
102
379
<145
414
390
36
^3,841
687
545
162
584
130
367
228
427
366
33
3,560
841
3
744
123
5,986
290
1,494,
626
349
558
154
568
130
365
208
441
419
33
3,595
789
561
157
""'264'
454
442
36
3,566
806
99,890
34,674
119,874
24,821
60,327
4 30,864
110,153
107,021
6,439
4 489,377
93,413
117,637
46,181
74,141
31,076
61,639
45,316
121,514
82,912
5,284
427,610
107,834
6,218
632
52,260
28,256
1,024,301
24,600
183,810
75,967
38,452
110,432
38,827
95,427
26,219
68,525
50,173
107,346
71,534
2,644
305,324
102,225
144,110
Ireland 2
Norway 2
Sweden 2
44 240
Netherlands 2
124,523
79,367
Luxemburg 2
France 2
Spain 2
Malta2
4
658
186
4 8,260
^3,105
2
763
113
6,541
313
1,574
665
532
74i"
112
6,723
"i',607'
466
672
60,813
40,537
4 1,681,959
4 456,485
554
58,359
25,373
960,889
26,207
159,068
45,899
28,387
Italy 2
Switzerland 2
24,820
Germany 2 3
1,442,180
Austria 2
290,469
Hungary
M,521
4 180,103
33,951
Yugoslavia 2
Serbia, Croatia-Slavonia,
and Bosnia-Herzego-
<292
48
4 6 86
4 2,628
4 27,814
454
4 6 4,778
4 373,917
Bulgaria •
20
241
4,061
19
409
4,796
326
146
20
362
5,303
977
22,363
664,920
1,650
49,607
617,272
50,945
24,759
1,360
Poland 2
1,034,557
Lithuania
Latvia
122
156
208
170
13,761
25,240
17,865
24,598
Finland 2
184
4 8,499
198
185
20,975
4 878,461
18,245
16,009
Russia, including Ukraine
Total Europe 2
24,095
21 ,388
23,185
4,025,360
3,255.547
2,970,186
AFRICA
45
42
3
46
2
46
3
1,783
985
147
653
147
1 ,925
Tunis
165
45
42
46
46
1,783
985
653
ASIA
399
174
7 65
33,151
24,738
'6,960
Japanese Empire:
296
186
39,736
18,470
Chosen 2
187
18,371
65
186
187
6,960
18,470
18,371
Total Northern
Hemisphere 2
28,365
26,058
27,935
4,469,675
3,812,129
3,433,379
1 Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 1, 1922.
2 Indicates countries reporting for all periods except 1922 either as listed or as part of some other country.
3 In Germany and some other European countries a considerable portion of the crop is for nonfood purposes.
4 Old boundaries.
6 Includes 58,000 acres grown with corn.
6 Includes 1 ,144 ,000 bushels grown with corn. 7 Two-year average.
738
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
POTATOES— Continued.
Table 46. — Potatoes : Area and production in undermentioned countries-
Continued.
Area
Production
Country
Aver-
age,
1908-9
to
1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-221
Average,
1908-9
to 1912-13
1919-20
1920-21
1921-221
Southern Hemisphere
Chile2
1,000
acres
66
1,000
acres
76
6
370
100
2
114
25
1,000
acres
83
9
1,000
acres
73
1,000
bushds
8,023
1,000
bushels
10,377
138
1,000
bushels
12,377
150
1,000
bushels
13 877
Uruguay
Argentina
235
3 62
40,216
3 3,071
Union of South Africa ....
3,367
118
10,984
5,402
3,734
119
Rhodesia, southern
2
2
50
Australia
137
28
14,077
6,047
New Zealand 2
22
19
4,728
4,185
Total Southern
94
101
105
14,070
15,779
16,896
28,459
26,159
28,040
4,483,745
3,827,908
3,460,275
Total all countries
37,965
27,393
28,529
5,478,383
3,927,713
3,541,754
1 Figures for 1922 and 1921-22 compiled from reports received up to Nov. 1, 1922.
'-' Indicates countries reporting for all periods except 1922 either as listed or as part of some other country.
3 1911 census.
Table 47. — Potatoes: World production so far as reported, 1900-1921.
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
Year
Production
1900
1901 ...
1902 ...
1903 ...
1904 ...
1905 . . .
Bushels
4,382,031 -.000
4,669,958,000
4,674,000,000
4,409,793,000
4,298,049,000
5,254,598,000
1906...
1907...
1908...
1909...
1910...
1911...
Bushels
4,789,112,000
5,122,078,000
5,295,043,000
5,595,567,000
5,242,278,000
4,842,109,000
1912...
1913...
1914...
1915...
1916... i
1917... i
Bushels
5,872,953,000
5,802,910,000
5,016,291,000
4,848,726,000
3,197,224,000
3,103,876,000
1918...
1919...
1920...
1921...
Bushels
12,744,444,000
12,963,720,000
13,927,713,000
13,541,754,000
i Russia not included. In 1915 Russia produced about 17 per cent of the reported world production.
CROP STATISTICS
739
HAY.
Table 48.— Hay: Acreage, production, and total farm value, by States,
1921-22.
.States
Maine
New Hampshire
Vermont
Massachusetts .
Rhode Island . .
Connecticut
New York . . .
New Jersey .
Pennsylvania .
Delaware . .
Maryland
Virginia
West Virginia .
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia .
Florida
Ohio ...
Indiana .
Illinois . .
Michigan
Wisconsin .
Minnesota
Iowa
Missouri . .
North Dakota .
South Dakota
Nebraska
Kentucky .
Tennessee .
Alabama . .
Mississippi .
Louisiana
Texas ....
Oklahoma .
Arkansas . .
Montana. .
Wyoming
Colorado . .
New Mexico .
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Idaho
Washington
Oregon . . .
California. .
United States. .
Tame hay
Thousands
of acres
1 19221
1,245
450
900
423
45
320
4,895
300
3,025
73
390
930
725
690
396
110
3,213
2,360
3,172
2,873
3,064
1,949
3,171
3,200
961
970
1,565
1 ,552
1,051
1,329
836
428
208
639
910
609
1,045
690
1,195
191
150
490
177
1,029
l.i
995
2,129
1,233
450
909
435
45
323
4,870
303
3,055
77
976
768
800
455
728
126
3,374
2,575
3,645
3,074
3,155
1,988
3,393
3,520
1,028
1,000
1,553
1,630
1,177
1,382
760
458
214
671
965
585
1,045
710
1,239
172
165
503
179
1,029
987
965
2,108
Production
(thousands
of tons)
1921 19221
428
945
529
50
416
4,895
396
3,630
526
911
870
897
321
610
121
4,081
2,549
3,743
2,873
4,136
2,924
4,693
3,616
1,297
1,358
3,427
2,794
1,104
1,528
752
492
266
1,383
658
1,881
1,242
2,510
458
450
1,284
473
2,984
2,621
2,288
5,003
58,769 61,208 82,379
1,541
585
1,273
587
54
436
6,818
485
4,888
116
1,220
1,037
1,120
455
670
139
4,892
3,734
5,285
4,457
5,553
3,141
4,750
3,872
1,655
1,750
3,323
3,537
1,471
1,866
760
550
342
1,074
1,448
731
1,986
1,349
2,354
310
578
1,459
507
2,572
2,310
1 ,930
5 ,059
Total value,
basis Dec. 1
price
(thousands
of dollars)
Wild, salt, or prairie hay
1921
19,920
11,984
20,790
14,283
1,350
10,816
88,110
7,128
61,710
1,540
7,943
16,125
15,225
17,761
6,420
9,638
2,360
46,932
33,137
50,530
37,349
63,694
25,146
43,645
35,437
9,987
8,691
23,989
22,352
17,112
23,684
11,731
7,134
3,724
8,732
11,341
8,225
16,365
9,315
17,319
5,817
5,850
7,961
4,257
19,993
27,520
22,422
55,033
1922 i
20,187
11,408
22 ,278
13,501
1,431
11,336
96,134
8,778
69,898
2,204
12,173
19,520
17,422
20,384
7,962
11,390
2,572
52,834
41,821
66,062
45,016
68,302
33,609
47,500
44,528
12,412
13,125
37,218
32,894
21,330
30,602
12,920
7,975
4,549
12,351
18,100
9,942
17,874
U,
26,365
6,045
10,404
11,964
5,983
25,720
37,422
26,248
75,885
W7 , 527 j 1,217 ,044
Thousands
of acres
1921 1922'
19
6
21
62
55
364
2,033
450
129
2,308
3,500
2,256
932
26
2
22
62
56
335
2,053
432
134
2,469
3,675
2,208
887
23
52
25
41
18
201
495
133
692
300
366
30
10
112
181
132
27
228
160
15 ,842
Production
(thousands
of tons)
1921 19221
437
2,602
522
142
2,308
2,800
1,895
1,016
23
58
22
40
20
223
485
135
526
240
407
41
15
117
199
196
45
256
184
15,391
17
5
3
25
78
73
436
2,505
492
127
2,592
3,308
1,877
976
26
57
22
45
25
221
16,104
Total value,
basis Dec. 1
price
(thousands
of dollars)
1921 1922
243
80
30
198
755
552
3,933
16,913
3,863
852
17,310
15 ,400
9,4
5,588
264
667
264
44S
200
2,074
2,862
1,215
4,524
1,560
2,442
451
165
585
1,791
315
1,152
1,288
101,
114,635
•Preliminary estimate.
740
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
CLOVER SEED.
Table 49. — Clover seed: Acreage, production, and value, by States, 1921-2*
and totals, 1916-1922.
State and year
Thousands of
acres
Average yield
per acre
(bushels)
Production
(thousands of
bushels)
Average farm
price per bushel
Nov. 15
Total value,
basis Dec. 1 price
(thousands of
dollars)
1921
1922 i
1921
1922
1921
1922 1
1921
1922
1921
1922 1
New York
Pennsylvania
Ohio
Indiana
9
18
172
57
143
115
98
74
108
17
9
3
18
4
18
18
8
11
18
206
100
210
150
127
72
132
21
8
4
21
5
20
16
5
1.9
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.7
2.1
1.6
1.7
2.2
2.3
1.9
1.7
8.0
5.0
3.0
2.5
1.4
1.1
1.2
1.5
1.6
1.8
2.1
1.7
1.7
2.7
1.5
2.2
1.8
6.0
4.5
1.0
17
25
206
68
200
172
167
155
173
29
20
7
34
7
144
90
24
28
25
227
120
315
240
229
151
224
36
22
6
46
9
120
72
5
$13.00
10.25
10.70
10.30
10.05
9.75
9.90
10.00
9.70
10.55
9.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
17.50
9.75
9.00
$10.00
10.00
10.70
9.80
9.60
10.50
10.20
9.40
10.40
9.00
10.00
8.00
10.70
11.00
10.00
9.70
12.00
221
256
2,204
700
2,010
1,677
1,653
1,550
1,678
306
. 180
63
340
77
2,520
878
216
280
250
2,429
1,176
3,024
2,520
Wisconsin
Minnesota
2,336
1,419
2,330
Missouri
324
220
48
Kentucky
Tennessee
Mississippi
492
99
1,200
698
60
Total
889
1,126
1.7
1.7
1,538
1,875
10.75
10.08
16,529
18,905
1920
1,082
942
820
821
939
1.8
1.6
1.5
1.8
1.8
1,944
1,484
1,197
1,488
1.706
11.95
26.75
19.80
12.84
9.18
23.227
1919
39,700
1918
23,705
1917
19,107
1916
15.661
Preliminary estimate.
Table 50. — Clover seed: Farm price per bushel, 15th of each month,
1910-1922.
Year
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Aver-
age
1910
$8.26
8.27
10.89
9.41
7.99
8.51"
10.27
9 60
14.48
21.55
28.06
10.82
10.69
$8.26
8.37
12.22
10.28
8.07
8.60
10.47
9.87
16.46
21.79
31.21
10.61
11.88
$8.15
8.56
12.89
10.42
8.17
8.55
10.76
10.32
17.49
22.61
31.88
10.98
13.00
$7.91
8.79
12.91
11.00
8.06
8.36
10.58
10.41
17.86
24.81
32.23
10.80
13.13
$7.47
8.74
12.53
10.74
7.87
8.14
9.98
10.40
16.56
24.48
29.84
10.71
12.84
$7.24
8.80
11.69
9.77
7.96
7.90
9.47
10.29
15.88
23.37
26.21
10.20
11.60
$7.17
8.83
10.64
9.78
8.12
7.96
9.15
10.50
14.71
23.25
25.52
10.00
11.00
$7.53
9.65
9.80
9.37
8.76
7.94
9 12
10.53
15.2
24.33
19.97
10.37
9.88
$8.27
10.19
9.39
7.31
9.10
8.49
8.65
10.89
0 16.6
25.38
17.77
10.25
8.85
$8.13
10.33
9.37
7.00
8.24
9.70
8.54
11.92
1 19.0
26.47
13.18
10.21
9.66
$7.70
10.37
9.06
7.33
8.02
9.67
9.20
12.91
1 20.0
26.53
11.64
10.09
10.18
$7.94
10.62
9.00
7.70
8.12
10.01
9.40
13.53
320.67
27.63
10.28
10.38
10.88
$7.84
1911
9.29
1912
10.87
1913
9.18
1914
8.21
1915
8.65
1916
9.63
1917
10.93
1918
17.08
1919
24.35
-1920
23.15
1921
10.45
1922
11.13
Average, 1913-
1922
13.14
13.92
14.42
14.72
14.16
13.26
13.00
12.55
12.33
12.39
12.62
12.86
13.28
APPLES.
T\ble 51. — Apples: Production and farm prices December 1, by States.
1918-1922.
State
Total crop
thousands of bushels)
Farm price per bushel Dec. 1
(cents)
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922 1
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
2,010
1,155
990
2,430
189
999
40,878
2,463
16,080
714
2,034
10,068
5,856
3,588
1.407
1,713
7,005
1,794
3,459
9,792
2,811
996
1,584
4,245
273
525
1,503
2,799
4,050
1,662
4,829
1,364
960
3,187
334
1,395
14,350
1,666
5,513
606
1,519
8,943
4,189
2,000
216
417
2,976
1,190
4,673
5,844
1,545
1,336
1,810
5,132
168
907
1,835
1,281
1,259
577
218
44
487
1,600
7,164
850
30
3,418
1,100
125
760
53
3,800
25,295
6,921
8,200
1,680
1,200
993
3,575
390
2,375
47,087
2,942
18,584
822
2,600
13,744
8,040
6,320
440
1,270
13,960
4,596
5,866
16,500
2,250
1,350
4,410
4,724
180
797
1,144
5,022
4,280
1,186
190
34
274
585
3,900
825
18
2,830
434
80
1,064
36
3,420
21,502
4,158
6,000
4,060
700
600
1.125
63
758
13,500
667
2,208
68
225
570
420
593
293
698
3,390
1,029
2,381
6,317
1,050
900
630
480
126
125
172
636
754
890
145
35
274
486
120
975
19
3,200
483
47
1,037
24
4,500
29,062
6,667
6,500
1,250
775
960
3,010
200
1,300
36,000
2,610
11,400
980
1,800
8,360
5,625
5,570
383
1,135
7,298
4,148
9,720
11,850
2,024
1,020
4,410
9,400
263
1,620
3,280
5,070
4,250
1,098
216
37
2,640
1,140
2,400
610
45
4 ,250
750
77
1,085
35
3,900
25,678
6,300
7,656
95
110
140
160
155
155
112
160
120
125
110
124
117
130
205
165
153
180
185
115
155
209
206
164
235
230
190
170
156
170
' "i60
201
140
210
"l70'
118
240
140
170
125
110
130
117
160
175
200
195
170
200
200
225
200
200
160
180
187
280
245
262
267
230
220
220
250
275
190
300
250
210
250
225
250
235
200
190
175
170
175
350
185
200
225
170
300
180
155
140
145
120
150
150
120
200
125
75
120
90
95
78
90
125
105
184
165
115
143
140
77
170
200
191
170
260
230
220
160
142
175
190
200
200
230
140
180
140
180
250
120
275
145
140
125
160
115
175
195
240
250
240
205
270
260
220
195
255
260
250
230
200
225
230
250
195
242
260
274
255
280
270
250
250
245
200
240
200
190
210
200
150
250
170
200
250
130
260
130
125
115
135
107
New Hampshire . . .
Vermont
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
135
160
145
110
120
81
95
96
90
Maryland
90
90
West Virginia
North Carolina . . .
South Carolina ....
Georgia
Ohio
102
90
140
100
130
Indiana
123
105
88
Wisconsin
Minnesota
118
200
117
Missouri
South Dakota
82
170
120
100
Kentucky
Tennessee .....
130
116
145
170
225
Texas
273
660
1,290
792
150
Oklahoma
135
102
100
200
2,067
912
138
786
75
New Mexico
Arizona
Utah
130
205
80
160
1,200
16,491
3,384
6,560
169,625
72
Washington
LOO
95
California
90
United States
142,086
223,677
99,002
203,628
132.8
183 6
114 8
168.0
99.3
1 Preliminary estimate.
Table 52. — Apples.
Total aggregate production (bushels ) in the United
States, 1889-1922.
Year
1889:
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1896.
1897.
Production
143,105,000
80,142,000
198,907,000
120,536,000
114,773,000
134,648,000
219,600,000
232,600,000
163,728,000
Year
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
Production
118,061,000
175,397,000
205,930,000
135,500,000
212,330,000
195,680,000
233,630,000
136,220,000
216.720.000
Year
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
l'.Ht
Production
119,560,000
148,940,000
146,122,000
141,640,000
214,020,000
235,220,000
145,410,000
253,200,000
Year
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
Production
'Census figures
'42
TWEXTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
LIVE STOCK, 1922
COMPILED IN THE U. S. BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS.
PIORSES AND MULES.
Table 53. — Horses and mules: Number and value on farms, January 1, 1922,
and 1923, by States.
Horses
Number
(thousands)
Jan. 1
1922
19231
Average price
per head
Jan. 1
1922
1923
Farm value
(thousands of
dollars Jan. 1)
[1922
19231
Mules
Number
(thousands)
Jan. 1
1922
19231
Average price
per head
Jan. 1
1922
1923
Farm value
(thousands of
dollars)
Jan. 1
1922
19231
99
38
787
703
1,207
594
656
905
1,305
879
813
784
910
1,019
374
315
130
211
173
971
708
247
670
202
421
177
135
128
48
'281
281
272
367
91
35
76
47
6
36
510
72
491
25
136
300
161
166
70
38
771
696
1,183
594
643
887
1,305
870
797
760
901
1,019
374
$125.00
114.00
110.00
135.00
138.00
135.00
117.00
133.00
112.00
66.00
87.00
84.00
89.00
108.00
88.00
76.00
115.00
99.00
81.00
69.00
94.00
93.00
76.00
73.00
52.00
55.00
49.00
56.00
48.00
68.00
75.00
76.00
70.00
77.00
58.00
45.00
57.00
41.00
39.00
54.00
50.00
68.00
70.00
47.00
63.00
70.00
76.00
82.00
§122.00
114.00
104.00
138.00
133.00
128.00
115 00
129 00
110 00
78 00
86.00
82.00
90.00
108.00
92.00
83.00
105.00
93.00
74.00
70.00
92.00
104.00
77.00
79.00
52.00
56.00
52.00
58.00
45.00
65.00
73.00
78.00
72.00
71.00
53.00
40.00
53.00
38.00
33.00
46.00
45.00
62.00
69.00
55.00
58.00
70.00
81.00
81.00
11 ,500
4,104
8,360
6,480
828
4,995
60,840
9,576
55,552
1,716
11,919
25,200
14,329
17,928
6,424
7,524
4,370
77,913
56,943
83 ,283
55,836
61 ,008
68,780
95,265
45,708
44,715
38,416
50,960
48,912
25,432
23,625
9,880
14,770
13,321
56,318
31 ,860
14,079
27,470
7,878
22,734
8,850
9,180
8,960
2,256
17,703
19,670
20,672
30,094
11,102
3,990
7,904
6,486
798
4,608
58,650
9,288
54,010
1,950
11,696
24,600
14,490
17,928
6,440
7,885
3,990
71 ,703
51 ,504
82,810
54,648
66,872
68,299
103 ,095
45,240
44,632
39,520
52,258
45,855
24,310
22 ,557
10,062
15,192
12,141
51 ,463
28,600
13,091
24,434
6,534
19,550
8,145
8,370
8,832
2,695
15,834
19,460
22,032
29 ,403
83
96
15
257
215
394
•12
31
101
168
6
4
10
90
377
14
114
307
2S7
343
811
302
176
863
337
335
9
•5133.00
151.00
124.00
88.00
115.00
105.00
97.00
129.00
129.00
99.00
148.00
100.00
84.00
75.00
98.00
98.00
79.00
78.00
65.00
72.00
70.00
70.00
59.00
82.00
86.00
94.00
92.00
118.00
85.00
65.00
79.00
69.00
61.00
69.00
72.00
89.00
66.00
53.00
73.00
88.00
81.00
102.00
SI 33. 00
131.00
125.00
88.00
111.00
103.00
102.00
128.00
124.00
105.00
138.00
97.00
77.00
77.00
99.00
103.00
82.00
80.00
63.00
69.00
68.00
70.00
58.00
76.00
84.00
99.00
93.00
113.00
80.00
58.00
73.00
60.00
58.00
60.00
66.00
76.00
62.00
61.00
65.00
83.00
76.00
103.00
5 931
906
6,572
792
3,795
10,080
1,455
33,153
27,735
39,006
6,216
3,100
8,484
12,600
588
392
790
7,020
24,505
576
980
7,840
17,759
24,026
29,756
28,106
27,232
21,004
72,590
21 ,905
25,912
621
183
2,208
1,512
1,068
198
106
584
1,936
1,134
6,222
5 931
786
6,875
792
3,663
9,991
1,530
33,280
25,916
40,950
5,934
3,104
7,777
13,090
594
412
820
8,080
23,499
552
952
7,980
17,806
21,812
28,812
30,789
28,086
19,888
69 ,040
19,546
24,455
540
174
1,386
912
122
1,826
1,064
6,283
19,056
18,853
70.54
'.75
1,344,136
1,314,956
5,467
5,506
88.09
85.86
481 ,578
472,735
Preliminary estimate.
CROP STATISTICS
743
CATTLE.
Table 54.— Cattle: Number and value on farms January /. 19.22 and 1923,
by States.
Milk cows
Other cattle
Average
Average
Number
price
Farm value
Number
price
Farm value
State
(thousands)
per head
(thousands of
(thousands)
per head
(thousands of
Jan. 1
Jan. 1
dollars) Jan. 1
Jan. 1
Jan. 1
dollars) Jan. 1
1922
19231
1922
1923
1922
1923 1
1922
19231
1922
1923
1922
1923 1
Maine
212
121
216
126
$48.00
60.00
S55.00
59.00
$ 10,176
7,260
$ 11,880
7,434
67
41
64
34
S20.20
22.70
S23.00
25.50
S 1,353
931
5 1,472
N. Hampshire .
867
Vermont
367
385
55.00
56.00
20,185
21,560
84
82
16.80
18.80
1,411
1,542
Massachusetts
180
189
79.00
74.00
14,220
13 ,986
42
39
28.20
25.70
1,184
1,002
Rhode Island . .
26
27
79.00
84.00
2,054
2,268
7
7
31.20
30.20
218
211
Connecticut . . .
138
141
74.00
78.00
10,212
10,998
39
38
29.70
29.50
1,158
1,121
New York ....
1,695
1,678
67.00
63.00
113,565
105,714
402
410
24.70
24.50
9,929
10,045
New Jersey . . .
151
153
86.00
87.00
12,986
13,311
31
32
37.60
38.80
1,166
1,242
Pennsylvania . .
1,071
1,071
60.00
60.00
64,260
64,260
491
506
29.00
29.00
14,239
14,674
Delaware
39
40
57.00
55.00
2,223
2,200
9
10
26.90
29.00
242
290
Maryland
192
194
63.00
60.00
12 ,096
11,640
98
101
33.20
35.20
3,254
3,555
Virginia
426
430
43.00
42.50
18,318
18,275
438
469
24.70
27.30
10,819
12 ,804
West Virginia . .
216
222
49.50
48.00
10,692
10,656
354
365
28.60
33.90
10,124
12,374
North Carolina
365
365
42.00
39.00
15,330
14,235
274
274
17.30
17.10
4,740
4,685
South Carolina
230
228
40.00
35.00
9,200
7,980
195
189
13.80
12.50
2,691
2,362
Georgia
509
509
29.00
28.00
14,761
14,252
686
700
10.90
11.00
7,477
7,700
Florida
95
97
57.50
56.00
5,462
5,432
771
774
16.10
16.00
12,461
12 ,384
Ohio
1,048
727
1,069
742
56.00
53.00
56.00
53.00
58,688
38,531
59 ,864
39,326
832
778
857
794
29.70
30.00
31.70
32.40
24,710
23 ,340
27,167
Indiana
25,726
Illinois
1,125
1,148
52.00
56.00
58,500
64,288
1,432
1,561
29.30
34.00
41,1)56
53,074
Michigan
967
977
53.00
55.00
51,251
53,735
576
611
21.80
24.50
12,557
14,970
Wisconsin
2,195
2,195
52.00
57.00
114,140
125,115
885
876
19.60
22.40
17,346
19,622
Minnesota
1,578
1,641
48.00
47.00
75,744
77,127
1,343
1,289
18.00
20.40
24,174
26,296
1,115
769
1,160
777
53.00
44.00
58.00
45.00
59,095
33,836
67,280
34,965
3,134
1,890
3,479
2,003
29.60
26.50
35.20
28.70
92,766
50 ,085
122,461
Missouri
57,486
North Dakota .
484
503
43.00
44.00
20,812
22,132
848
814
18.50
21.40
15,688
17,420
South Dakota .
417
450
47.00
51.00
19,599
22,950
1,601
1,521
24.20
29.40
38,744
44,717
Nebraska
553
570
53.00
57.00
29,309
32 ,490
2,477
2,700
27.40
31.80
67,870
85 ,860
Kansas
709
716
46.00
46.00
32,614
32,936
2,282
2,487
24.50
27.20
55,909
67,646
Kentucky
520
530
40.00
40.00
20,800
21,200
511
526
20.00
22.80
10,220
11,993
Tennessee
495
495
35.00
34.00
17,325
16,830
597
627
15.20
15.70
9,074
9,844
Alabama
506
516
29.00
27.00
14,674
13,932
515
515
10.00
9.60
5,150
4,944
Mississippi. . . .
541
541
30.00
27.00
16,230
14,607
677
677
10.80
9.50
7,312
6,432
Louisiana
220
216
43.00
38.00
9,460
8,208
591
585
15.20
14 70
8,983
8,600
1,073
560
1,052
566
43.00
39.00
36.00
34.00
46,139
21 ,840
37,7^2
19,244
5,363
1,421
5,041
1,364
19.90
17.50
18.60
16.80
106,724
24,868
93,763
Oklahoma
22,915
Arkansas
516
516
29.00
24.00
14,964
12,384
549
516
10.90
8.80
5,984
4,541
Montana
160
165
58.00
55.00
9,280
• 9 ,075
1,260
1 ,235
27.20
30.90
34,272
38,162
Wyoming
44
46
71.00
67.00
3,124
3,082
852
835
29.70
30.70
25,304
25,634
Colorado
243
253
57.00
53.00
13,851
13,409
1,361
1,361
26 40
25 . 40
35 ,930
34 ,569
New Mexico . . .
48
47
60.00
50.00
2,880
2,350
1,132
838
24.90
21.90
28,187
18,352
Arizona
40
46
95.00
93.00
3,800
4,278
1,050
1,050
26.90
31.40
•2N,245
32,970
Utah
87
19
90
21
61.00
69.00
63.00
74.00
5,307
1,311
5,670
1,554
433
346
455
356
26.40
30.40
27.40
32.70
11,431
10,518
12,467
Nevada
11,641
Idaho
153
162
65.00
63.00
9,945
10,206
521
542
27.50
26.80
14,328
14,526
Washinton
289
283
70.00
61.00
20,230
17,263
261
253
28.30
26.40
7,386
6,679
OregOL
216
220
62.00
60.00
13,392
13,200
621
626
29.70
28.20
18,414
17,653
California
632
645
76.00
76.00
48,032
49 ,020
1 ,381
1,435
34.70
34.70
47,886
49,794
United States
24,082
24,429
50.83
50.83
1,227,703
1,241,673
41,550
41,923
23.80
25.67
988,760
1,076,254
Preliminary estimate.
44
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
SHEEP.
Table 55. — Sheep: 'Number and value on farms January 1, 1921-1923.
State
Number (thousands)
Jan. 1
Average price per head
Jan. 1
Farm value (thousands
of dollars) Jan. 1
1921
1922
1923 1
1921
1922
1923
1921
1922
1923 i
Maine.
100
24
58
17
3
10
550
10
478
3
93
335
485
89
23
69
63
1,977
606
561
1,161
432
468
1,005
1,158
272
675
521
321
651
349
79
148
124
3,047
91
96
1,973
2,350
2,306
2,468
1,200
2,200
1,100
2,623
555
2,025
2,500
95
20
48
17
3
9
512
10
468
3
89
322
480
84
23
70
64
1,957
606
516
1,115
367
445
775
1,042
250
689
596
285
631
340
83
142
124
3,077
91
90
2,270
2,420
2,054
2,343
1,100
2,250
1,190
2,492
500
1,860
2,310
90
18
43
16
3
8
532
10
477
3
93
338
504
81
23
66
63
2,094
648
516
1,171
341
400
829
1,105
240
703
733
314
675
340
90
142
122
2,862
87
81
2,315
2,396
2,444
2,062
1,155
2,340
1,119 ■
2,642
520
1,953
2,402
$5.50
7.30
6.70
9.50
9.60
9.90
7.50
10.50
7.60
7.40
8.00
7.50
6.40
6.60
3.70
4.20
3.50
5.70
6.70
6.90
6.80
6.40
6.10
6.90
6.00
5.70
5.60
6.00
5.90
6.40
5,80
4,40
3.40
3.80
6.10
6.20
4.20
5.80
6.30
5.30
5.90
7.00
6.50
7.60
6.30
6.90
6.70
6.80
$4.80
5.60
5.00
6.60
6.30
7.50
5.80
7.40
5.80
6.00
6.20
5.60
4.80
4.90
3.00
2.70
3.10
4.60
5.20
5.30
5.20
4.60
4.70
5.40
4.50
4.60
4.50
5.20
4.80
5.00
4,00
2,70
3.00
2.80
3.40
4.30
2.90
4.70
5.50
4.60
3.90
4.90
4.90
5.30
6.00
5.40
4.50
5.30
$6.70
7.80
7.00
6.90
7.90
7.80
8.50
7.50
7.10
7.40
7.50
7.60
6.90
5.60
4.20
3.00
3.50
7.10
8.00
7.90
8.00
7.50
7.20
8.40
7.10
7.30
7.70
8.10
7.30
7.00
5,50
3,40
2.60
2.90
5.20
5.80
3.10
8.70
9.00
7.60
6.40
6.30
8.90
8.90
8.30
8.00
6.40
8.10
550
175
389
162
30
95
4,125
105
3,633
22
744
2,512
3,104
587
85
290
220
11,269
4,060
3,871
7,895
2,765
2.855
6,934
6,948
1,550
3,780
3,126
1,894
4,166
2,024
348
503
471
18,587
564
403
11,443
14,805
12,222
14,561
8,400
14,300
8,360
16,525
3,830
13.568
17,000
456
112
240
112
19
68
2,970
74
2,714
18
552
1,803
2,304
412
69
189
198
9,002
3,151
2,735
5,798
1,688
2,092
4,185
4,689
1,150
3,100
3,099
1,368
3,155
1,360
224
426
347
10,462
391
261
10, 669
13,310
9,448
9,138
5,390
11,025
6,307
14,952
2,700
8,370
12,243
603
New Hampshire
140
Vermont ...
301
Massachusetts
110
Rhode Island
24
Connecticut .
62
New York .
4,522
New Jersey
75
Pennsylvania , . .
Delaware...
3,387
22
Maryland
698
Virginia
2,569
West Virginia
3,478
North Carolina
454
South Carolina
97
Georgia „
Florida.
198
220
Ohio
14,86
Indiana ...
5,184
Illinois. . .
4,076
9,368
Wisconsin
2,558
Minnesota
2,880
Iowa
6,964
Missouri. .
7,846
North Dakota
South Dakota
1.752
5,413
Nebraska
5,937
Kansas . ..
2,292
Kentucky.
4,725
Tennessee.
1,870
Alabama
306
Mississippi ...
369
Louisiana
354
Texas . ..
14,882
Oklahoma. .
505
Arkansas. . . .
251
Montana
20, 140
Wyoming . . .
21,564
18,574
New Mexico
13,197
Arizona
7,276
Utah
20,826
Nevada
Idaho ...
9.959
21,929
Washington
Oregon
4,160
12,499
19,456
37,452
36,327
37,209
6.30
4.80
7.50
235,855
174,545
278.939
Preliminary estimate.
CROP STATISTICS
745
WOOL.
Table 56. — Wool: Estimated production. 1920-1922.
State
Production (000 omitted)
Weight per fleece
Number of fleeces (000
omitted)
1920
1921
1922
1920
1921
1922
1920
1921
1922
Maine
760
182
430
95
14
63
3,291
60
3,582
17
562
1,596
2,500
420
101
165
157
14,500
3,654
3,974
8,385
3,219
2,660
5,966
7,552
1,899
4,804
1,886
2,087
3,000
1,462
292
475
600
18,200
477
394
16,000
21,000
6,888
10,600
4,800
16, 150
7,500
18,650
5,201
14,435
14,300
600
161
365
102
18
60
2,941
55
3,403
13
440
1,541
2,300
395
97
160
150
13,200
3,458
3,496
7,714
2,701
2,340
5,369
5,202
1,633
4,324
1,641
1,878
2,600
1,320
189
470
508
18,000
482
355
16,400
23,684
6,839
10,100
5,616
16,500
7,000
16,800
4,421
14,435
14,070
589
128
312
102
19
54
2,882
55
3,437
12
449
1,607
2,346
395
102
157
157
13,596
3,527
3,426
7,868
2,446
2,457
5,208
5.098
1,715
4,021
1,395
1,690
2,678
1,294
185
446
525
19,300
458
344
15,416
22,500
6,976
9,600
6,000
15,984
6,580
15,000
4,112
12,992
13,455
6.4
6.5
7.2
6.5
6.1
5.6
6.9
7.0
6.5
5.8
6.0
4.6
5.0
4.2
4.5
3.2
3.2
7.4
7.0
7.8
7.6
7.4
7.1
7.7
6.8
7.5
7.0
8.0
7.5
5.0
4.8
4.0
3.6
3.9
7.0
7.2
4.5
7.9
8.3
6.7
6.3
6.5
7.8
7.3
8.1
8.7
8.4
7.6
6.0
6.7
6.3
6.0
5.9
6.0
6.7
6.0
6.4
3.5
6.0
4.6
4.9
4.2
3.5
2.8
3.1
7.2
7.0
7.6
7.2
7.0
7.2
7.5
6.5
7.7
7.2
7.4
7.0
4.7
4.5
3.0
3.5
3.7
7.7
7.3
4.3
8.3
8.2
7.0
6.4
6.0
8.0
7.3
8.0
8.8
8.6
7.5
6.2
6.4
6.5
6.0
6.3
6.0
6.8
5.8
6.7
5.8
6.4
4.9
4.9
4.5
4.0
2.9
3.2
7.4
7.0
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.9
6.6
7.9
7.5
8.0
7.5
5.0
4.5
3.5
3.0
3.7
7.2
7.3
4.5
8.0
8.0
6.5
6.0
6.5
7.4
6.5
7.8
7.7
7.5
6.9
119
28
60
15
2
11
477
9
551
3
94
347
500
100
22
52
49
1,959
522
509
1.103
435
375
775
1,111
253
686
236
278
600
305
73
132
154
2,600
66
88
2,025
2,530
1,028
1,683
738
2,071
1,027
2,302
598
1.718
1,882
100
24
58
17
3
10
439
9
532
4
73
335
469
94
28
57
48
1,833
494
460
1,071
386
325
716
800
212
601
222
268
553
293
63
134
137
2,338
66
83
1,976
2,288
977
1,578
936
2,062
959
2,100
502
1,678
1,876
95
New Hampshire
Vermont
20
48
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
17
3
9
New York
424
New Jersey
9
Pennsylvania
Delaware
513
2
Maryland
70
Virginia
328
West Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
479
88
26
54
Florida
49
Ohio
1,837
Indiana
504
Illinois
Michigan . . .
457
1.078
Wisconsin. . .
335
Minnesota
341
Iowa
659
Missouri
772
North Dakota
South Dakota
Nebraska
217
536
174
Kansas
225
Kentucky
536
Tennessee
288
Alabama
Mississippi
53
149
Louisiana ....
142
Texas
2,681
Oklahoma
63
Arkansas
76
Montana
1.927
2,812
Colorado
1.073
1,600
Arizona
£23
Utah
2.160
1.012
1,923
534
1,732
California
1,950
United States. .
235,005
225,546
219,095
7.3
7.4
7.1
32,301
30,287
31,003
i Preliminary estimate.
•k;
TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X
SWINE.
Table 57. — Swine: Number and value on farms January I. t921~1923, by
States.
States
Number (thousands)
Jan. 1
Average price per head
Jan. 1
Farm value (thousands of
dollars) Jan. 1
1921
1922
1923
1921
1922
1923
1921
1922
1923
Maine
73
33
63
83
12
55
559
126
1,143
37
291
847
293
1,246
853
2,030
740
2,806
3,532
4,129
1,084
1,676
2,262
7,471
3,656
431
1,759
3,505
1,837
1,278
1,594
1,347
1,195
749
2,426
1,213
1,268
160
68
414
90
48
"90
25
206
236
240
818
69
30
53
76
12
47
520
132
1,143
41
285
754
293
1,258
938
2,131
725
2,862
3,567
4,046
1,051
1,659
2,330
8,218
3,915
435
1,935
3,680
2,275
1,214
1,546
1,307
1,183
756
2,475
1,334
1,125
180
73
455
94
50
90
25
196
197
220
834
68
28
59
72
12
45
546
132
1,200
43
299
792
316
1,271
947
2,152
703
3,091
4,102
4,693
1,135
1,725
2,610
9,615
4,306
478
2,283
4,232
2., 776
1,311
1,654
1,281
1,207
756
2,326
1,401
1,114
198
84
523
89
57
108
25
235
217
231
876
$21.00
20.00
14.80
20.50
21.00
20.00
17.50
20.00
17.50
16.00
13.00
11.50
14.00
15.70
13.50
11.50
10.00
13.30
13.00
13.70
14.30
14.50
15.30
14.50
11.00
14.00
13.50
13.50
12.00
9.90
9.50
10.00
9.50
11.70
11.80
10.30
8.80
16.50
14.00
12.30
15.00
16.00
13.00
11.00
12.50
15.00
12.80
14.50
$14.70
15.00
12.40
16.30
17.50
17.00
14.50
17.00
14.50
10.00
11.50
9.60
10.80
12.00
9.20
8.60
7.00
10.90
11.00
10.50
11.30
10.50
11.20 s
11.00
8.50
11.00
10.00
10.00
9.50
7.50
8.00
8.60
8.00
8.60
8.50
8.50
7.10
13.10
12.00
9.60
9.00
12.00
10.00
10.00
11.00
12.50
10.70
11.70
$18.30
17.00
14.00
17.00
18.10
17.70
15.50
17.50
16.00
11.00
13.00
10.50
12.30
13.30
11.00
7.80
7.50
12.10
11.90
12.50
12.50
13.10
13.20
12.80
9.80
13.50
13.50
12.00
11.00
8.80
9.30
9.30
8.00
7.80
8.80
8.80
6.90
13.20
12.50
10.50
10.00
13.00
10.90
14.00
11.50
14.80
11.20
11.80
1,533
660
932
1,702
252
1,100
9,782
2,530
20,002
592
3,783
9,740
4,102
19,562
11,516
23,345
7,400
37,320
45,916
56,567
15,501
24,302
34,609
108.330
40,216
6,034
23,746
47,318
22,044
12,652
15,143
13,470
11,352
8,763
28,627
12,494
11,158
2,640
952
5,092
1,350
768
1,170
275
2,575
3,540
3,072
11.861
1,014
450
657
1,239
210
799
7,540
2,244
16,574
410
3,278
7,238
3,164
15,096
8,630
18,327
5,075
31,196
39,237
42,483
11,876
17,420
26,096
90,398
33,278
4,785
19,350
36,800
21,612
9,105
12,368
11,240
9,464
6,502
21,038
11,339
7,988
2,358
876
4,368
864
600
900
250
2,156
2,462
2,354
9,758
1,244
New Hampshire
Vermont
476
826
1,224
Rhode Island
217
Connecticut
796
New York
8,463
2,310
19,200
Delaware
473
Maryland
3,887
8,316
West Virginia
3,887
North Carolina
16,904
South Carolina
10,417
Georgia
16,786
Florida
5,272
Ohio
37,401
Indiana
48,814
58,662
Michigan
14,188
Wisconsin
22,598
Minnesota
34,452
Iowa
123,072
Missouri
42,199
North Dakota
6,453
South Dakota
30,820
Nebraska
50, 784
Kansas
30,536
Kentucky
11,537
Tennessee
15,382
Alabama
11,913
Mississippi
9,656
Louisiana
5,897
Texas
20,469
Oklahoma .
12,329
Arkansas
7,687
Montana
2,614
Wyoming
1,050
Colorado
5,492
890
Arizona . . .
741
Utah
1,177
Nevada
350
Idaho
2,702
Washington . . .
3,212
Oregon
2,587
California .
10,337
United States....
56,097
57,834
63.424
12.97
10.07
11.46
727,380
582,448
726,699
1 Preliminary estimate
INDEX
Advertising —
Budget for Iowa State Fair 143
Agricultural Convention —
Address by President Cameron 71-74
Address by Dean C. F. Curtiss 187-189
Address by L. R. Fairall a 182-186
Address by Attorney General Ben J. Gibson 173-177
Address by Chas. D. Reed 161-164
Address by Prof R. C. Taff 166-173
Address by H. O. Weaver 177-182
Election of Officers 193-198
Report of Committee on Credentials 189-191
Report of 'Committee on Resolutions 192
Report of Secretary 74-98
County fair advertising costs 97-98
Fairs receiving county aid 96
Financial statement of county fairs 86-89
Receipts of county fairs 82-85
Total number of stock and poultry exhibitors 90-93
Total paid admissions county fairs 94-95
Treasurer's report 157-160
Alfalfa-
Iowa statistics by years 695
Apples —
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 741
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 327-333
Baby Health. Department —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 363, 361
Barley —
Iowa statistics by years 689
Map yield 668
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 726-728
Bees —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 325-326
Boys and Girls' Club Work —
Awards, Iowa State Fair 246, 350-356
Awards, see Junior department of Iowa State Fair
Boys' club tour 134, 135
Comment 133
Dining Hall 136
Finances 136
Girls' club tour 134
Judging contest 356
Livestock demonstration 135
Team judging contest 356
Butter-
Awards Iowa State Fair 1922 326
Creamery butter 411-413
Production 406-411
Canning —
Association 437-441
Industry 436
Sweet corn packed, amount by states 441
Table of Iowa canning plants ■ 442
748 INDEX
Cattle-
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair:
Aberdeen Angus 226
Ayrshires 242-243
Fat Aberdeen Angus 245-246
Fat Herefords 244-245
Fat Shorthorns 244
Galloway 232
Guernsey ! 239-240
Herefords 222-225
Holstein 233
Iowa Guernsey Specials 241
Iowa Hereford Specials 225
Iowa Holstein Specials 235-236
Iowa Jersey Specials 238-239
Iowa Red Polled Specials 231-232
Jersey „ 236-238
Milking Shorthorns 220-221
Polled Shorthorns 229
Red Polled 220-221
Shorthorns 216-220
Beef cattle demonstration awards 356
Boys and girls' judging contest 251
Boys and girls' calf feeding contest 246-251
iCattle show, Iowa State Fair, 1922 123
Exhibitors in counties 90-91
Press comment, Iowa State Fair, 1922 112-113
Table showing number on farms 678-681
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 743
Clover —
Average yield by counties in Iowa 674-677
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 740
Corn —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 306-309
Junior department awards 350
Map Iowa yield 660
Statistics, Iowa crop by years 685
Table, Iowa yield by counties 656-659
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 696-704
Corn Belt Meat Producers' Association —
Address by Hon. L. V. Carter 529-534
Address by Dean C. F. Curtiss 467-474
Address by S. W. Doty 479-482
Address by Knute Espe 459-466
Address by Mr. Gunn 539-540
Address by C. L. Harlan 493-500
Address by J. N. Horlacher 458-459
Address by Prof. E. G. Nourse 482-493
Address by President A. Sykes 450-458
Banquet —
Address by Clifford Thorne 513-525
Address by Hon. Henry C. Wallace 503-512
Address by Hon. Jas. B. Weaver 525^528
Discussion, conservation of soil 534-537
Discussion, feeding mixtures 474-478
Discussion, live stock meat board 540-545
Report of auditing committee 539
Report of secretary 537-538
Resolutions 545-548
Suggestions on baby beef feeding 549-560
INDEX 749
County Exhibits-
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 316
Creamery statistics 448-449
Crops —
Average crop yield 634-637
Average price from products 638-641
Average yield per acre 645
Average yield, potatoes, popcorn, timothy, clover, flax 674-677
Bulletins 611-624
Estimates of Iowa 626-628
Iowa weather and crop review 609-611
Map yield of Iowa, corn, oats, winter wheat, spring wheat,
rye, alfalfa, sown crops, barley and potatoes 660-673
Miscellaneous table, Iowa 629
Miscellaneous table for world 642-644
Statistics by years, Iowa crops 685-695
Statistics, yield corn, wheat and barley 656-659
Tabulated crop summary 629
Tabulated Summary 1922, Iowa 165
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture, crop statistics, 1922 696-741
Culinary Department —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 317-325
Dairy Commissioner-
Activities 4H0
Average price of eggs through year 426
Breeders' associations 425
Breeders' tests 421-423
Butter and cheese awards at 1922 Iowa State Fair 326
Butter mark 415-420
Calf club 424-425
Canners' association 437-441
Canning industry 436
Cheese 415
Commercial feed stuff 443-445
Condensed milk 414-415
Creamery butter 411-413
Creamery statistics 44S-449
Egg law 425
Enforcement of sanitary food law 4:7-430
Exchange bureau 425
Fees received, 1922 447
Ice cream 414
Insecticides and fungicides 445
Laboratories 446
Report 405
State milk inspectors 446
Sweet corn packed, amount by states 441
Table of Iowa canning plants 442
Total inspections made 447
Weight of pound, peck and quart 435
Weights and measures 430-435
Educational Department —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 356-363
Eggs-
Average price through year 426
Law 425
Number dozen eggs produced by counties in Iowa 678-681
Farms —
Statistics 649-650
Table of size of farms, homes, automobiles, apples, silage .... 653-656
750 INDEX
Farm Bureau Federation Convention —
Address by O. E. Bradfute 387-389
Address by Senator Brookbart 378-382
Address by Secretary Cunningbam 369-374
Address by E. H. Cunningbam 397-403
Address by Mrs. Gene Cutler 384-387
Address by President C. W. Hunt 366-368
Address by C. B. Hutcbmgs 374-378
Address by Dwigbt N. Lewis 382-384
Address by Dr. R. A. Pearson 392-397
Address by A. Sykes 389-392
Farm Bureau Day at 1922 Iowa State Fair 125
Officials and committees 403-404
Press comment 116-119
Woman's part of Farm Bureau Day 1922 Iowa State Fair 126-129
Flax-
Average yield by county in Iowa , 674-677
Statistics by years in Iowa 692
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 732-735
Fruit department —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair-
Apples 327-"333
Grapes 334
Junior department apples 350
Peacbes 333
Pears 333
Plums 334
Gladioli —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 336-337
Goat department —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair-
Nubian 283
Saanens 284
Toggenburg 283
Grain —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 309-311
Grass —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 309-310
Hay-
Map yield Iowa 670-672
Statistics by years Iowa 693-694
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 739
Horses —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair-
Belgians 201-204
Clydesdales 206-209
Combined Harness and Saddle 211
English Shire 204-206
Gig 210
Hackney 211
High steppers and park horses 210
Ladies' turnout 210
Percherons 199-201
Ponies, Hackney 214
Ponies, in harness 214
Ponies, under saddle 214
Ponies, Shetland 213
Ponies, Welsh 213
Runabouts 210
Saddle 211
Tandem 211
INDEX 751
Exhibitors in counties 90-91
Horse Show admissions State Fair 151
Horse show 123
Number of exhibitors 1921, 1922 Iowa State Fair 152
Press comment 113
Table, number in Iowa by counties 678-681
TJ. S. Bureau of Agriculture world statistics 742
Horseshoe tournament, state and national-
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 364-365
Discussion of 9-17
Press comment 1 1 9
Iowa Fair Managers Association
Address by M. E. Bacon 47-53
Address by C. E. Beman , . 62-64
Address by A. R. Corey 59-61
Address by E. J. Curtin 53-57
Address by Dr. Peter Malcolm 45-46
Address by Mr. Wilkinson 66-67
Address by E. W. Williams 65-66
Audit Report 34-35
Discussion of County Fair questions 36. 44-67, 70
Election of officers 58-59
Report of Credentials committee 57-58
Reports of Resolutions committee 64-65
Secretary's report 35
Treasurer's report 34
Iowa State Board of Agriculture —
Executive committee meetings 1, 6,' 7, 8, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 23, 24, 32
Meetings of 3, 11, 12, 20, 21, 22, 25
Special committee meetings 1-24
Iowa State Fair —
Audit committee meetings 25
Balance sheet 160
Budget for 1922 Iowa State Fair 149
Budget presented 5-21
Cash premiums paid 154-155
Comment 99-105
Comparative statement of ticket sales 1921, 1922 147
Contracts closed for attractions 2, 7, 8, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19
Financial summary of 1921 138
Grand Stand admissions 151
Horseshoe tournament 9-17
Improvements 137
Insurance in force 156
Inventory 158-159
Inventory of property 26
Live stock and horse show admissions 151
Maintenance of grounds and buildings 137
Number exhibitors in each department 152
Premiums paid 14S
. Premium lists revised \ 3-4
Press comment —
Breeders Gazette 130-133
Iowa Homestead 105-123
Project exhibits at Iowa State Fair 136
Purses in speed department > 150-151
Receipts and disbursements by years 154-155
Report of secretary 74-98
Report of treasurer 157
Statement of expense , 149
Statement of receipts 148
Statement of receipts and disbursements 139-146
752 INDEX
Iowa Weather and Crop Service Bureau —
Average crop yield 634-637
Average price of farm products 638-641
Average yield per acre 645
Climatology of 1922 563-564
Comparative data for state 603
Crop bulletin 611-624
Crop estimates 630-633
Estimates of Iowa crops 626-628
Iowa weather and crop review 609-611
Miscellaneous table by coun ies 624-644
Miscellaneous table 629
Monthly comparative data 602
Monthly state data 604
Monthly summaries 564-601
Organization and work of bureau 561-563
Precipitation map 606
Prevailing wind map 605
Report of Mississippi flood, April, 1922 575
Tabulated crop summary 629
Tornado data 608
Tornado path map 607
U. S. Crop Summary 646-647
Weekly weather table 625
Junior department, Iowa State Fair —
Apple awards 350
Boys and Girls' Club awards —
Calf-feeding contest 246-251
Beef club demonstration judging contest 356
Poultry club 302-306, 356
Pig club 268-272, 356
Sheep club 284-285, 356
Corn awards 350
Garden exhibit awards 351
Morrow, Willison W. —
Memoriam of 11
Mules —
Awards at 1922 Iowa State Fair 215-216
Table, number on farms 678-681
U. S. Bureau Agriculture statistics by states 742
Nuts —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 336
Oats-
Map yield 661
Statistics by years 688
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture, state and world statistics 705-714
Pop corn —
Average yield by counties in state 674-677
Potatoes —
Average yield by counties in state 674-677
Awards at 1922 Iowa State Fair 311
Map, yield 673
Statistics by years 691
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture statistics by states and world. .. .736-738
Poultry —
Awards at 1922 Iowa State Fair —
Rabbits 301-302
Poultry 285-301
Boys and Girls' Poultry department 302-306
Exhibitors in counties 90-91
INDEX 753
Poultry club demonstration awards 356
Poultry show 124-125
Press comment 115-116
Statistics by counties 67S-681
Rye-
Map yield 669
Statistics by years 690
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture states and world statistics 729-731
Shearing Events — See Wool —
Sheep —
Awards at 1922 Iowa State Fair-
Cheviot 281
Cotswold 274-276
Dorset 280
Lincoln and Leicester > 276
Merino 273-274
Oxford Downs 279, 280
Rambouillet 274
Southdowns 280
Shropshire 277-279
Boys and Girls' Sheep department 284-285
Exhibitors in counties 90-91
Press comment 115
Sheep club awards 356.
Statistics by counties 678-681
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture statistics 744
Sheldon, F. E —
Elected as Treasurer of Board of Agriculture 13
Resignation from Board of Agriculture 13
Spelling Contest —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 365
Swine —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair—
Berkshires 264-265
Chester Whites 257-259
Duroc Jerseys 254
Hampshires 259-262
Poland Chinas 252-254
Spotted Poland Chinas 262-264
Tamworths 265-267
Yorkshires 267-268
Boys and Girls' Pig Club 268-272
Exhibitors in counties 90-91
Graph of decrease in swine lost by cholera 684
Number lost by cholera 682-684
Number of exhibitors 153
Pig club demonstration awards 356
Press comment 114
Swine show 123
Table, number on farms 678-689
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture statistics 746
Textile and China department- -
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 337-356
Timothy-
Average yield by counties 674-677
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture —
Statistics —
Crops by states and world 696-741
Live stock by states and world 741-746
754 INDEX
Vegetables —
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 313-316
Wheat— M9 aao
Map yield b " ^
Statistics by years 686-687
U. S. Bureau of Agriculture statistics 715-725
Wool-
Awards 1922 Iowa State Fair 281-282
Shearing awards • • • 282
Total pounds clipped by counties 678-681
r. S. Bureau of Agriculture statistics 745
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