The jockey club and its founders : in three periods

THE JOCKEY CLUB

THE JOCKEY CLUB

AND

ITS FOUNDEES

IN THREE PERIODS

BY

EOBEET BLACK, M.A.

AUTHOR 07 HORSB-RACING IX FHAXCB ' ETC.

LONDON

SMITH, ELDER, & CO., 15 WATERLOO PLACE
1891

[All rig\tt reurrtd]

10

THE KINDEST OP FRIENDS

MR AND MRS HENLEY GROSE -SMITH

(OP THE PKIOBT, ST HELEN'S, ISLE OF WIGHT)

IN MEMOBY OF
NEWMINSTEB, NUNNYKIBK, WABLOCK, AND THE WIZARD

408181

PREFACE

HORACE WALPOLE in his 'Letters' tells an amusing
story which shows how a denouncer, unless he be
sufficiently careful to put the saddle on the right horse,
may have the tables turned upon him. Two highly
connected Members of Parliament, Messrs. Theobald
Taaffe (of the family made illustrious by several
Counts Taaffe before the present famous Austrian
statesman) and Edward Wortley Montagu (son of
the celebrated Lady Mary), being on a visit in Paris
in 1747, and being both of them addicted to gambling
and rioting, had been thrown into prison there for
' cheating and robbing a Jew ' at play, as Walpole
bluntly puts it. This was, of course, a matter of
great trouble and concern to ' Mr. Speaker,' who, in
consequence, vigorously denounced White's Club,
which was regarded as the nursing-mother of aristo-
cratic gamblers and reprobates, and addressed himself
especially to Lord Coke, whom he apparently con-

viii THE JOCKEY CLUB

sidered to be the arch-priest of the Club, and who
quietly replied that ' neither of the gentlemen who
had given occasion for Mr. Speaker's violent denun-
ciation was a member of White's, but both, he
believed, were members of the House of Commons.'
To avoid any similar mistake I have been at great
pains ; not that I have dealt in denunciation, but
that I was anxious, on general grounds, to be as sure
as I could be of my statements. I have, therefore,
thought it incumbent upon me to offer as indisput-
able evidence as I could discover that the persons to
whom I have attributed membership of the Jockey
Club before 1835 (which, I believe, was the first year
of the now annually published list of members) were
really entitled to the distinction thus conferred upon
them.

There is no occasion to refer in detail to the
matters which within the last few years have made
the Jockey Club an object of unusual interest to the
public ; but they suggested to me the notion that a
favourable opportunity had offered itself for present-
ing a sketch, historical and biographical, of the Club
and its members, its acquisition and exercise of
authority, and its principal legislative work, from its
foundation to the present day, so that an opinion
may be formed as to how far that Club is entitled,

PREFACE IX

from its original constitution and its uninterrupted
development, to the supremacy which it has partly
had thrust upon it and has partly acquired, and how
far, if at all, the time has arrived for a modification
of its earliest characteristics, maintained now for
some 150 years, in round numbers.

Most readers, unless blinded by prejudice, are
likely to be convinced that a body better fitted — by
its composition, as regards the members, by the
reputation it has won, and by what it has done for
horse-racing and horse-breeding, which latter requires
to be followed by the former as education by ex-
amination— to preside over and govern the affairs of
the Turf, it would be almost impossible to imagine ;
and that any alteration in its composition, such as it
has been from the first, would destroy its prestige
and proportionately lessen its authority and utility.
Nor, indeed, would it be reasonable that a Club should
be called upon to lower its social qualification and
accept uncongenial associates, simply because cir-
cumstances have given to it a control over certain
matters wholly extraneous to the main purpose of the
original institution. All that can be demanded fairly
is that, as regards those extraneous matters, some
scheme shall be adopted, if any change at all should
seem desirable, for giving to the persons concerned a

X THE JOCKEY CLUB

voice and a share in the administration of affairs
which are purely external.

At the same time it will appear very clearly that
the Club, like any other miserable sinners, have done
what they ought not to have done, and have left
undone what they ought to have done.

My chief authorities (necessarily so interwoven with
the work that it would be impossible to give special
references) are : — ' Calendar of State Papers ' ; Horace
Walpole's ' Letters ' ; Wraxall's 'Historical Memoirs ' ;
' Histories of the British Turf ' ; Admiral Eous's
' Horse-Kacing ' ; Hore's ' History of Newmarket ' ;
the Badminton Library; the Racing Calendars of
Cheney, Heber, Pond, Tuting and Fawconer, B.Walker,
and Weatherby ; Cobbett's 'Parliamentary History,'
and Hansard's ' Debates ' ; ' The Sporting Magazine ' ;
' Baily's Magazine ' ; works by ' The Druid ' ; Obit-
uaries ; and the works of Burke, Debrett, Lodge,
&c., as well as a scurrilous publication called ' The
Jockey Club,' by Charles Pigott (alias 'Louse' Pigott),
an ex-member of the Club. — E. B.

CONTENTS

THE FIRST PERIOD
1750-1773

CHAPTER PAGE

I. FIRST PERIOD 3

II. THE DUKES 18

III. THE LORDS 38

IV. THE SIRS 71

V. THE MISTERS 98

VI. FIRST PERIOD (concluded) 152

THE SECOND PERIOD
1773-1835

VII. THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES . . . . 171

VIII. THE LORDS 196

IX. THE COMMONERS 214

X. A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 245

THE THIRD PERIOD
1835-1891

XI. DEPARTED MEMBERS 263

XH. „ „ (continued) 281

XIII. PRESENT MEMBERS 306

XIV. A BRIEF REVIEW 317

CONCLUSION
XV. CONCLUSIOM 343

APPENDIX 369

INDEX 381

THE FIRST PERIOD

1750—1773

CHAPTER I

FIRST PERIOD

SIR JOHN CARLETON, an ancestor very likely of the
present Lord Dorchester (himself a member of the
Jockey Club), appears to have been about the first
person who ever exercised against frequenters of New-
market Heath that somewhat mysterious power of
' warning off,' which seems to invest the Jockey Club
in the eyes of the public with a majesty beyond that
of all other clubs consisting of noblemen and gentlemen.
But it was not ' touts ' and defaulters and impertinent
writers in the newspapers, under the style and title
of 'Argus,' or * Hotspur,' or 'Craven,' or ' Pavo,' or
' The Devil on Two Sticks,' or the like or the unlike,
that Sir John warned off, but noblemen and gentlemen
themselves, of whom many, not to say most, were
progenitors of the very noblemen and gentlemen upon
whom, collectively as a Club, that mysterious power
has devolved. Sir John, single-handed, did not, of
course, issue his edict on his own account : he was
merely the mouthpiece of his Most Gracious Sovereign,
who, as we learn from the annals of State Papers

B 2

4 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

(1636), having observed that * divers lords and others
are accustomed to give their meeting within the King's
hunt-grounds of Newmarket, in those places which
the King reserves for his own sport,' gave instructions
to Sir John Carleton (who was probably the ranger,
or whatever may have been his official designation) to
' warn off ' the noble and gentle intruders. We have
changed all that, and it is now for the descendants
of those * divers lords ' to ' warn off ' whosoever may
have given offence, and they are aided and abetted by
a descendant of the very Sovereign who had ' warned
off ' their forefathers. Nay, it is just a hundred years
since the heir to that Sovereign's throne, though he
plumed himself even more upon being * the first gen-
tleman of Europe,' was himself virtually 'warned off'
— for a reason, however, which was rather to his credit
than not — by the Club which he had delighted to
honour by becoming a member of it.

Into the origin, constitution, personality, develop-
ment, and gubernatorial competency of that Club it is
proposed to make some inquiry in the following pages.

Be it premised that no official list of members was
published before 1835. It will be necessary, then, or
at any rate proper, that some proof of membership
should be offered in respect of all the noblemen and
gentlemen who are written down members of the Club
before that date. The proof will be derived from
various sources ; from records of races (such as the
two Jockey Club Plates at Newmarket in the very

1773 FIRST PEEIOD 5

earliest days of the Club, and the Jockey Club Chal-
lenge Cup, and the Eclipse Foot) in which none but
members of the Club could run horses ; from documents
issued by the Club and signed by certain of its mem-
bers; from obituaries, in which membership of the
Club is specified ; and from various more or less trust-
worthy publications which bear witness to membership
either expressly or inferentially, with a probability
amounting almost to certainty. Be it premised also
that a list thus made up cannot pretend to be ex-
haustive, since many members would be, as is now and
always has been the case, sleeping partners ; but that
the list, indisputably, will contain the names of all
who were most prominent and most active, whether
to the advantage or the disadvantage of the Turf, and
of that horse-breeding for the improvement of which
the Turf is, or should be, in the main an indispensable
auxiliary.

Now we may proceed to say a few words about the
foundation and the original founders of the Club.

The existence of the Club first received public
notice in the ' Sporting Kalendar,' published by Mr.
John Pond, a sporting auctioneer (whose daughter's
equestrian prowess is mentioned in Dr. Johnson's
1 Idler '), of Newmarket and of James Street, Covent
Garden, London, at the end of 1751 or the begin-
ning of 1752. In that publication it is announced
that there will be run for, at Newmarket, on Wednes-
day, April 1, 1752, ' A Contribution Free Plate, by

6 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

horses the property of the noblemen and gentlemen
belonging to the Jockey Club, at the Star and Garter
in Pall Mall.' Whether it was that the date of April 1
struck somebody as being of ill- omen, or for some
other reason, the race did not come off at the date
announced, but was postponed until the Newmarket
Meeting in May 1753, at which two ' Jockey Club
Plates,' both for horses belonging to members of the
Jockey Club, were run for, and became the precursors
of the two Jockey Club Plates thenceforward run for,
under like conditions as regards ownership, for many
successive years at the Second Spring Meeting, until
the Plates fell into the desuetude and oblivion which
seem to await, sooner or later, all exclusive institutions.
It is plain, however, from what has been said, that
the Jockey Club must have been in existence as early
as 1751, and probably as early as 1750, and that its
place of meeting was in Pall Mall, at that Star and
Garter which was the favourite meeting-house of many
clubs, was celebrated for its choice cookery and wines,
was notorious for its expensiveness, and was, some
few years after the foundation of the Jockey Club, the
scene of the tragic quarrel in Which Mr. Chaworth
was killed by Lord Byron (who, as well as Mr. Cha-
worth, may have been a member of the Jockey Club,
for both, and especially the noble lord, were ' horsey,'
but there is no proof of membership in either case).
At the Star and Garter, too, it is recorded that ' the
laws of cricket were revised, on February 25, 1774,

1773 FIEST PERIOD 7

by a committee of noblemen and gentlemen.' But
the Jockey Club did not, either in the early days or
afterwards, meet always at the Star and Garter as
their head-quarters in London ; they met sometimes
at the Thatched House, sometimes at the Clarendon,
and for some years (even after Messrs. Weatherby
removed to Old Burlington Street, where the head-
quarters of the Club eventually became fixed) at what
was known as ' The Corner ' (Hyde Park), with a
coffee-room and a cook, it is said, provided by the
obliging Mr. Kichard Tattersall. They also, of course,
met, as they still meet, occasionally in one another's
houses.

How the Club came to be founded, and at whose
initiative, is a mere matter of conjecture. One thing
only appears to be pretty certain. Unlike the French
Jockey Club (Societe d'Encouragement), they (thank
goodness) published no ' manifesto ' ; they (thank
goodness again) had no occasion (as the French had)
to complain of the sorry condition to which the native
breed of horses had been reduced ; and there is
nothing to show that they harboured the idea of
becoming legislators and reformers. The fact is that,
as we know from Walpole's ' Letters,' from Jesse's
* Selwyn,' and other similar or dissimilar sources, it
was an age of clubs, which were springing up like
mushrooms on ail sides. What more natural than
that the noblemen and gentlemen who frequented
Newmarket, where ruffians and blacklegs were wont

8 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

to congregate, should conceive the notion of forming
themselves into a body apart, so that they might gain
that strength which union gives, and have at New-
market, as well as in London and elsewhere, a place
of their own, to which not every blackguard who could
pay a certain sum of money would have as much
right as they to claim entrance ?

And, then, it* has been reasonably conjectured that
they were influenced by another consideration. Since
the advent or accession of the Hanoverian kings, a
sort of vacancy had been created at Newmarket. It
is true that George the First had paid a visit to New-
market on October 4, 1717, and perhaps at some
other time or times ; and it is true that King George
the Second had kept a ' one-eyed grey Arabian ' at
Hampton Court, at the service of his loyal and dis-
loyal subjects, for the usual ' consideration ' ; but, as
a rule, the Hanoverian kings had not given that coun-
tenance to horse-racing and to Newmarket which had
been vouchsafed by the Merry Monarch and his im-
mediate successors, the austere William even, and
the good Queen Anne, of whom the latter would run
her horses not only at Ascot also but at so distant a
race-ground as York. Indeed, it has been propounded
that in the days of ' Old Kowley,' whose name is per-
petuated by the K. M. (Kowley 's mile) at Newmarket,
there had been, to all intents and purposes, a Jockey
Club of which the King was himself the head and
front, and of which his horse-loving and horse-riding

1773 FIKST PERIOD 9

courtiers, comrades, rivals in horsemanship (for
Charles himself, as well as his son, the unfortunate
Monmouth, would 'perform in the pigskin'), and boon
companions, were members, and to which he entrusted
the keeping of that once famous ' Challenge Whip ' (if,
indeed, he had anything at all to do with it, which is
extremely doubtful), formerly so coveted and now so
neglected. Not, of course, that there had been any
titular Jockey Club in those rollicking days, else the
name could scarcely have failed to be recorded over
and over again in the pages of Pepys and Evelyn ; but
it seems reasonable to assume that there had been an
untitular society of the kind, so that traditions of a
governing body, with the King for president or patron,
and with nobles and gentles for constituents, would
be lingering among the frequenters of Newmarket in
the latter years of George the Second's reign, when
the want of kingly patronage and authority at New-
market would very naturally suggest to the founders
of the Jockey Club the idea of establishing themselves
in the place left vacant, with a royal duke, at least,
if they could not have a king, at their head. There
is sufficient evidence that Charles the Second would
not only run but ride his horses in matches, and
would decide disputes referred to him, either on his
own authority or with the assistance of such a person-
age as the Hon. Bernard Howard (ancestor, it is said,
of the present Earl of Suffolk and Berkshire), who
has the reputation of having been the ' Admiral Kous '

10 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

of that distant period. And so it would happen that
to ride their own or one another's or anybody's horses
would be one of the new Club's main purposes. This
is the more notable and curious because the Club sub-
sequently found it advisable to discourage the practice,
and to confine the riding in public races to professional
jockeys as far as possible. This too, no doubt, gave
rise to the conjecture (for it is apparently no more
than conjecture) that the Club originally had a
special costume (like that of the Bibury Club), which
included 'boots and spurs.' Not even the stewards
nowadays seem to adopt any distinguishing dress,
though some years ago, if memory may be trusted,
they would wear a cut-away brown coat with gilt and
* lettered ' buttons, a distinction which probably all
the members were entitled to sport if they pleased.
It has been surmised that this coat suggested that of
the ' Pickwick Club,' in that famous work which, it is
well known, was intended originally to be of the
sporting order.

However that may be, it has been shown that the
Club was started, or, at any rate, first made itself
evident, about 1750, and that by 1753 it was in
activity at Newmarket.

Let us now see what manner of men its earliest
members were, so far as we can discover, and what
were the objects which they seem to have had in view
(for by their works ye shall know them), that we may
form an opinion how far they may be considered to

1773 FIRST PERIOD 11

have represented the interests of the persons most
intimately connected with the business of the Turf ;
to have been likely to promote the cause of horse-
breeding; to have had the convenience and advantage
of the public at heart ; and to have been fitted for the
discharge of functions which by degrees they partly
assumed and partly had thrust upon them, and for
transmitting to their successors a sound policy in
respect of the Turf and its management.

The Club has now been in existence for nearly a
hundred and fifty years. If, therefore, we take the
names or titles of such persons as can be proved to
have been more or less active members of it for the
first twenty years, from 1753 (the year of the Club's
first appearance with its two exclusive Plates at New-
market) to 1773 (a very convenient date at which to
halt, because then the long connection between the
Club and Messrs. Weatherby and their ' Calendar '
commenced), we may be sure that the group will be
fairly representative of the noblemen and gentlemen
who may be styled the original founders.

It should be remarked, before we proceed any
farther, that a name or title, especially the latter,
very often covers two or three different individuali-
ties, successive holders having been elected succes-
sively to the Club, and fathers and sons, brothers
and homonymous cousins, having sometimes been
members at the same time.

Among the members from 1753 to 1773, then, we

12 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

find (to the number of more than 100) persons bearing
the following titles or names :

Dukes. — Cumberland [Gloucester], [York], An-
caster, Bridgewater, Devonshire, Grafton, Hamilton,
Kingston, Marlborough, Northumberland, Eichmond.

Lords. — Abingdon, Ashburnham, Barrymore,
Bolingbroke, Carlisle, Cavendish (Marquis of Hart-
ington ; Duke of Devonshire), Chedworth, Clermont,
Craven, Eglinton, Farnham, Gower, Grosvenor,
Spencer Hamilton, Hartington, William Manners,
March and Kuglen (Duke of Queensberry), Molyneux,
Orford, Ossory (Upper), Pigot, Portrnore, Kocking-
ham, Sondes, Strange (self-styled, heir to the earldom
of Derby, but never succeeded), Waldegrave.

Sirs. — John Armytage, Thomas Charles Bunbury,
Nathaniel Curzon, Lau[w]rance Dundas, Matthew
Featherstonhaugh, Thomas Gascoigne, Henry Grey,
John [Lister] Kaye, James Lowther, William Middle-
ton, John Moore, Thomas Saunders Sebright, Charles
Sedley, John Shelley, Simeon Stuart, Charles Turner,
William Wolseley.

Messrs, (whether Hon. or not, whether with mili-
tary or naval 'handles ' or not). — Anderson, fBladen,
Blake, Boothby (Scrymsher), fBoswell (Dr. Johnson's
biographer), Brand, Burlton, Calvert, fCell, *Codring-
ton, Compton, Conolly, Coxe (or Cox), Croft (or
Crofts), Duncombe, Fenton, Fenwick, Fettyplace,
Foley, Fox (the famous orator), Gardiner, Gorges,
Greville, Holmes (or Holme), Hutchinson, Jennison

1773 FIRST PERIOD 13

(or Jenison), March, Meynell (the celebrated 'father
of fox-hunting '), Naylor, Norris, Offley, Ogilvy,
*0ttley, Panton, Parker, Pigott, Pratt, Eead, Scott,
*Selwyn, Shafto, Shirley, [Sk[c]rymsher or S[c]krym-
shire v. Boothby], Smith, Smith-Barry, Stapleton,
Strode, Swinburne, * Swymmer, Varey, Vernon,
Warde, Warren, Wastell, Wentworth, Wilbraham.

The reason for the obelisk and the asterisk in cer-
tain cases will be explained hereafter.

Before we enter upon the little sketches which
will be necessary for a proper understanding of what
sort of personages they were to whom these titles and
names belonged, and of what they did to the advan-
tage or disadvantage of the Turf and of horse-breeding,
it will be well to say a few words about the moral
atmosphere which prevailed in the circle from which
the members of the Club would, for the most part, be
selected. Hear the sober historian, Mr. J. K. Green,
discoursing of the period in which the fall of Sir
Eobert Walpole in 1742 may be considered the central
event : ' Of the prominent statesmen of the time,'
says he, ' the greater part were unbelievers in any
form of Christianity, and distinguished for the gross-
ness and immorality of their lives. Drunkenness
and foul talk were thought no discredit to Walpole.
A later prime minister, the Duke of Grafton, was in
the habit of appearing with his mistress [the notorious
Nancy Parsons] at the play. Purity and fidelity to
the marriage vow were sneered out of fashion ; and

14 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

Lord Chesterfield, in his letters to his son [? godson],
instructs him in the art of seduction as part of a
polite education.' It was the period during which
Horace Walpole wrote that ' a quarter of our peeresses
will soon have been the wives of half of our living peers,'
and during which (as we know from the same Horace
Walpole, who tells the sad story of the suicide of Sir
John Bland, the Yorkshire baronet, in consequence of
losses by gambling, and from many other sources,
such as the * betting-book ' at Brookes's and elsewhere)
the * bloods ' laid heavy wagers about anything in
heaven or earth or the waters under the earth (and
down the window-pane), and outrageous gaming was
the order of the day, but scrupulousness was not.
Eead, too, what ' Gilly ' Williams wrote, in 1768, to
George Selwyn about one of the most conspicuous
and, for a time, the most successful, among the early
members of the Jockey Club : ' What a turbulent life
does that wicked boy [Lord Bolingbroke, familiarly
called " Bully "] lead with profligates and rogues of
all descriptions.' Eead, moreover, the pretty sketch
(to be given more fully hereafter) drawn so ingenuously
by Lady Sarah Bunbury (in a letter to the aforesaid
George Selwyn), of noble and gentle members of the
Jockey Club ' playing cards in the morning at the coffee-
house,' and being denounced (falsely, no doubt) as
' cheats ' by somebody who was standing by and betting
on the play. Altogether the candid mind will reject as
absurd the modern notion (which is so often made the

1773 FIEST PERIOD 15

text of a sermon) that the Jockey Club was founded
with any purpose of reforming and purifying either
the Turf or anything or anybody else, or of legislating
for anything or anybody in the sense in which such
terms are now understood, and that, in so far as the
Club does not give complete satisfaction in those
respects, it has derogated from its original position
and programme. For all that appears, it had no
particular programme, and its main purpose, so far
as one can see, was to have a good time, as the
Americans say, at Newmarket, by enabling its members
to hold their own against the rabble there, without
more intrusion than was absolutely unavoidable on
the part of the profane vulgar, and with as much
clearance of the chaotic confusion which had hitherto
prevailed as union, which is strength, could effect.
For this purpose it was necessary for the Club to
gain the ascendency, which its rank, wealth, and
influence soon enabled it to do. Another object, of
course, was to win one another's or anybody else's
money by acquiring, whether for a price or from
breeding, the best horses in creation. And a further
object, which cannot be too highly commended, was
apparently to knit together the horse-loving, horse-
breeding, and horse-racing nobility and gentry of
North and South ; for we find that, from the very first,
representatives of the Northern Turf were among the
members of the Southern Club. If we find also, as
we probably shall, that in pursuing their own pur-

16 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

poses, without any lofty views, and perhaps with but
small regard for the public advantage, the earliest
members of the Club, beyond all other men, before or
since, promoted the improvement of the thoroughbred
and the prosperity of the Turf, good cause will have
been discovered why the institution which they founded
should be considered the sole legitimate depositary of
the extraordinary powers gradually acquired by it.
Whether, under the altered conditions of things in
general, some modification (differing somewhat from
that which was proposed many years ago by the late
Sir Joseph Hawley, and only the other day by the
present Earl of Durham) might not be introduced
with advantage into the Club's procedure (not into
its constitution), so that, while the prestige and
supreme authority of the Club should remain intact,
the voices of other persons deeply interested in the
affairs of the Turf and of horse-breeding might be
heard, and a portion of the Club's authority delegated
for special purposes to a sort of Lower House, or
House of Intermediaries, is a question which will
some day no doubt have to be decided, but need not
be considered here.

As for the process of election to the Club, it has
varied very little for about a hundred years, whatever
it may have been at first ; candidates to be proposed
by members (number not specified at first, but in
course of time declared at two) and to be elected by
ballot, nine members forming a quorum and two

1773 FIRST PERIOD 17

black balls excluding. The rule for the election of
members of the Coffee-room dates from 1767, when a
Mr. Brereton made himself unpleasant, and it was
resolved that nobody should be admitted but on the
proposal of a member of the Jockey Club and after a
ballot ; and when the New Rooms were added there was
a similar rule for admission to them. So that, after a
while, membership of the Jockey Club Rooms by no
means meant membership of the Jockey Club.

18 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

CHAPTEK II

THE DUKES

ACCORDING to the practice which still prevails in some
(perhaps benighted) countries of paying respect to
Koyalty (which is but dust and ashes), precedence has
been given, in defiance of the alphabet, to the titles
of Cumberland and [York].

We have to deal with two DUKES of CUMBERLAND.

The first is William (second son of George the
Second and uncle of George the Third) , the ' Hero '
or the ' Butcher ' of Culloden, according to individual
taste and political proclivity.

To prove his membership of the Jockey Club it is
sufficient to state that in 1754 he won a Jockey Club
Plate with the celebrated Marske (sire of the more
celebrated Eclipse), and ran unsuccessfully for another
with his grey horse Crab. He was the first Eoyal
member of the Jockey Club, which from that day to
this has never lacked a royalty of some kind, if we
except some half a dozen years in the first half of
Queen Victoria's reign, after which the Koyal House
of Holland came to the rescue, in memory, perhaps,

1773 THE DUKES 19

of the exiled Charles the Second and of ' Dutch '
"William, of whom the former most certainly, and the
latter most probably, would have given countenance
to the Jockey Club had it existed in their day. Thus
the * Hero ' or the ' Butcher ' almost redeemed the
Hanoverian dynasty from the reproach which it had
incurred for its disregard of horse-racing. The Duke,
as is well known, was excluded by political hostility
from affairs of State, as far as possible, and so he
devoted his undoubtedly great abilities to the Turf
and to gambling faute de mieux. That he was so
inveterate a gambler as to ' throw mains ' with a
nobleman of like sentiments, when he was out hunt-
ing and a check gave an opportunity for a short halt
under a tree, cannot perhaps be denied ; but it must
be remembered that, as has been pointed out, he
lived in a gambling age. He is also said to have
fallen among thieves, otherwise ' blacklegs/ at New-
market; but neither Charles the Second with his
' Eoyal mares/ nor Lord Montagu, of Cawdry, Sussex,
with his famous * Montagu mares/ did more than he
for the Turf and for horse-breeding. He was Eanger of
Windsor Great Park, and may be said to have been the
Father of Ascot races (though Queen Anne had raced
there) as truly as Chrysippus was said to have been
' the Father of the Porch/ He is set down in
Weatherby's ' Calendar' as the earliest recorded winner
of the Challenge Whip (with Dumplin in 1764),
though, of course, it had often been won before, and

c 2

20 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

the Duke of Devonshire's Dimple (as early as about
1722) and Mr. Fenton's Matchem (in 1756) are speci-
fied in old works as winners of that trophy. However,
the Duke's chief claim to be regarded as a benefactor
to the cause of the Turf and of horse-breeding is that
he became the owner of both Cypron (dam of King
Herod) and of Spiletta (dam of Eclipse) ; that is to
say, he bred the two most predominant sires in the
genealogy of English race-horses. Moreover, he had
his ' Arabian,' like the other great breeders, at a time
when the * Arab ' was not quite played out, though
the ' Cumberland Arabian ' was not of much account.
It has been mentioned already that he owned Marske,
the sire of Eclipse, as well as Spiletta (or Spilletta)
the dam. Cypron was bred by Sir W. St. Quintin,
from whom she appears to have been purchased by
the Duke about 1755.

The second DUKE of CUMBERLAND with whom we
have to do is Henry Frederick (brother of George the
Third), born 1744, died 1790, who won the Jockey
Club Challenge Cup in 1771 with Juniper (by Snap),
not to be confounded with Mr. Gorges' much earlier
Juniper (by Babram), winner of a Jockey Club Plate
in 1760. This was the Duke of Cumberland who
gave his kingly brother so much trouble by marrying
the exceedingly fair Mrs. Horton (not the notorious
Nancy Parsons, who, oddly enough, was also a Mrs.
Horton, but a lady whose maiden name was Luttrell,
sister of the memorable Colonel Luttrell, political

1773 THE DUKES 21

rival of ' Wilkes and Liberty '), and by the scandal he
caused when he had to pay 10,OOOZ. damages for
disturbing the conjugal affairs of the Earl and
Countess of Grosvenor, though the Earl (another
member of the Jockey Club) could not obtain a divorce
for the reason — so characteristic of the age — that he
had done unto others, or at any rate unto one other,
as the Koyal Duke had done unto him. This Duke
and his brother, the Duke of Gloucester (who married
the Dowager-Countess of Waldegrave, Horace Wai-
pole's niece Maria), were responsible for the Koyal
Marriage Act. This Duke of Cumberland succeeded
his uncle, ' the Butcher,' as Banger of Windsor Great
Park, and as patron of Ascot races, as well as of
horse-racing in general, until his star began to pale
before that of the young Prince of Wales (afterwards
George IV.). The Duke lived well into * Derby'
times, of course, and ran candidates for the Derby in
1780-1-2-4, and for the Oaks in 1780-1-2-3-4. He
owned and bred a great many good horses, though,
when his stud was sold, December 10, 1792, there
was in it no yearling comparable to his uncle's
Eclipse, purchased by the astute meat-salesman, Mr.
Wildman, for a mere song. This Duke seems to have
stood name-father to the Cumberland Stakes for two-
year-olds (1782), whereof the conditions tend to show
that the Jockey Club, or some of its members, were
already suspicious of the immediate 'Arab' strain,
and were convinced that the beneficial influence which

22 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

it undoubtedly had exercised for a time was, from
some mysterious cause, quite played out, and had
even become detrimental, for the immediate produce
of ' Arabians ' were ' allowed 3 lb.'

The name of the DUKE of GLOUCESTER is placed in
a bracket, because no unimpeachable proof of his
membership is forthcoming. Certainly he is included
among the personages abused in a scurrilous publica-
tion (of which more hereafter) called ' The Jockey
Club ' (published about 1790) ; but the author of that
work (who had himself been a member of the Jockey
Club, and should therefore have been well-informed),
by his own confession includes among the personages
whom he abuses some who, though their rank and
other qualifications fitted them for membership, were
not actually members of the Club. On the other
hand, he sometimes mentions (and we may therefore
conclude that he would generally mention) the fact,
when he has taken this little liberty ; so that there
is, at any rate, a fair probability of the Duke of
Gloucester's real membership.

The name of the DUKE of YORK (Edward Augustus,
born 1739, died 1767, brother of George the Third)
is placed in a bracket because there is no actual
proof that he was a member of the Club, but it
is extremely probable that he was, because Boswell
dedicates to him * The Cub at Newmarket,' which
looks very much as if the Duke had some personal
connection with the Jockey Club. As the Duke was

1773 THE DUKES 23

only twenty-three when Boswell was introduced into
the Club, only twenty-eight altogether in 1767 (when
H.K.H. died at the Prince of Monaco's), and at sea
during a part of his life, it is not surprising that
proofs of his membership should not be forthcoming,
though strong enough is the probability, strengthened
by the fact that his younger brother, the Duke of
Cumberland, became a member at an early age. This
Duke of York is said to have been married to Lady
Mary Coke as legitimately as his brothers of Cum-
berland and Gloucester to Mrs. Horton and Lady
Waldegrave.

The DUKE of ANCASTEE of the list is the third
Duke, who succeeded in 1742 and died in 1778, and
whose membership is established by many proofs,
among which may be mentioned the fact that his name
appears among the subscribers to the Jockey Club
Challenge Cup in 1768. He was Master of the Horse
to George III., at whose coronation he assisted as
(hereditary) Lord Chamberlain. He was twice mar-
ried : first to a widow, Lady Nicolls, daughter and
sole heiress of Mr. W. Blundell, of Basingstoke; and,
secondly, to Mary, whom Horace Walpole (a prig and
a coxcomb, whose sayings about sportsmen must be
taken with more than a grain of salt) describes as
' the natural daughter of a disreputable horse-jockey
named Panton.' At any rate, the lady's father, like
the memorable Mr. Tregonwell Frampton (a gentle-
man of good family and position), was 'Keeper of the

24 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

King's running-horses ' at Newmarket by style and
title, and her brother, the ' polite ' Tommy Panton
(himself a member of the Jockey Club), appears to
have been an equerry to the King, and the lady herself
became Mistress of the Eobes to the virtuous Queen
Charlotte. But Horace Walpole was very hard upon
all the Ancasters, declaring that ' the last three
Duchesses were never sober.' However that may have
been, the third Duke worked as manfully as any mem-
ber of the Jockey Club for the improvement of the
English thoroughbred (whether in single-heartedness
for that express purpose, or rather, perhaps, for his
own amusement and profit by means of bets, is not
the main question here), and his name has remained
honourably prominent in the ' Calendars ' and in the
' Stud Book ' in connection with 'Ancaster Starling,' &c.
He was also the owner of ' the Ancaster Egyptian '
and * the Ancaster Bay Arabian ' (which ran in the
' Arab race ' at Newmarket in 1771), though these
two horses had little or no effect upon the pedigrees.

As the Ancasters, so far as their ducal title is con-
cerned, belong to the ' extinct animals,' and as the
title has an unfamiliar and uncanny look at the pre-
sent day, the following little sketch may be acceptable.
On the very day on which Queen Anne died, in 1714,
Her Majesty's Gold Cup was run for at York, and
three days before that, at the same place, Her
Majesty's horse Star had beaten Her Majesty's Lord
Chamberlain's horse Merlin for a paltry Plate (credite,

1773 THE DUKES 25

posteri) of 141. That Lord Chamberlain is under-
stood to have been Eobert Bertie, fourth Earl and first
Marquess of Lindsey, and fourteenth Baron Wil-
loughby d'Eresby, who the very next year was created
by George the First Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven.
He, as we have seen, was a racing man, and sufficiently
courtier-like withal to run second to his Queen ; and
at his death in 1723 he was succeeded by his son and
heir Peregrine, who became a noted horse-racer and
horse-breeder (as the manes of the ' Ancaster ' Gentle-
man, foaled in 1723, and of the ' Ancaster ' Driver,
foaled in 1727, and of many another excellent horse
might be summoned by a Glendower from the vasty
deep to testify) in his day, and was succeeded at his
death in 1742 by his son and heir Peregrine, the
third Duke, already dealt with. The third Duke was
succeeded at his death in 1778 by his son and heir
Kobert, who at his very early death in 1779 (charit-
ably attributed by Horace Walpole to ' a scarlet fever
brought on by drunkenness and rioting '), when he
was but twenty-three, was succeeded by his uncle
Brownlow Bertie, at whose death in 1809 the duke-
dom of Ancaster and Kesteven became extinct, though
the family name of Bertie still lurks beneath the
titles of the Earls of Abingdon and Lindsey, and
there is a Lord Kesteven (a Trollope, not a Bertie)
not unknown upon the Turf. As for the fourth Duke
of Ancaster, who died but eleven months after his
succession, he may have been, and probably was, a

26 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

member of the Jockey Club, though he hardly lived
long enough to leave proofs of his membership.

He was undoubtedly a scapegrace ; and it is re-
corded that he left an annuity to a dwarf, whom he
used to take about with him and ' shy ' about like a
ball, as fancy prompted him in his cups. Still he
must have had his good points (though Horace Wai-
pole would be blind to them), for he had gone in his
twenty-first year as a volunteer to North America,
whence he was recalled by his father's death in 1778.

The DUKE of BBIDGEWATER of the list is Francis,
the third Duke, who was born in 1736 and died un-
married in 1803, having succeeded his (also unmarried)
brother in 1748. So that he was just twenty-two
when he appended his signature to the first public
document issued by the Jockey Club. This was in
1758. He was also one of the subscribers to the
Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768, and he ran
Vampire for a Jockey Club Plate in 1764, &c., proving
himself to have been an active member of the Club.
He also bred a famous Cullen Arabian mare, dam of
Stripling, Grasshopper, Glancer, Spectre, and of the
filly which became the dam of Punch (imported by
Mr. Powers into America in 1799) ; but it was his
father, Duke Scroop, who possessed the famous Ball
(Mr. Astridge's), about the best horse of his day
(1716-8). Duke Francis was probably of more account
in other lines than in horse-racing, for he it was who
was the ' Father of Canals,' and endowed the * Bridge-

1773 THE DUKES 27

water Treatises.' He is said to have been * highly
respected,' as he may well have been, if only for the
fact, if it be a fact, that he paid 110,OOOL a year
income-tax. Yet he is said to have been reduced to
his last penny during the construction of his great
work. In the obituary notice (' Gent. Mag.') of this
Duke there is so curious a statement as to his reason
for remaining a bachelor all his life that it deserves
mention here, if only for the purpose of vindicating
his memory. The statement is that the Duke, having
gone to stay with a friend, in whose house was also
staying the lady engaged to be married to that friend,
found the lady so very ready to ' fall ' that he became
suspicious of the whole sex, and made up his mind
that celibacy was the better part of discretion. Of
the Duke's behaviour towards his friend (according to
the story) there is fortunately the less reason to say
anything, inasmuch as there is a weak point in the
statement ; for the Duke, it appears, proposed to and
was refused by the Dowager-Duchess of Hamilton (the
' beautiful Gunning '), and whether that refusal came
before or after the incident mentioned in the obituary,
such an experience would be as likely as any other to
account for his lifelong celibacy. Compare the case of
another member of the Jockey Club, the Earl of
March and Euglen (afterwards Duke of Queensberry,
better or worse known as ' Old Q.'), who was refused
not so much by Miss Pelham as by Miss Pelham's
family, for reasons which nobody could or would give,

28 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

and who (in consequence, it is supposed) remained
unmarried all his life (as also Miss Pelham herself).

The DUKE of DEVONSHIRE of the list is a title which
covers two different persons, the fourth and the fifth
Dukes, whose family name of Cavendish has been con-
nected with the history of horse-flesh and horseman-
ship most honourably from the earliest times of the
English Turf; for it was a Cavendish (but then a Duke
of Newcastle), who taught our Charles the Second (the
true Father of our Turf) to ride, and wrote the cele-
brated treatise entitled ' Methode et Invention nouvelle
de dresser les Chevaux ' ; and another Cavendish (but
this time a Duke of Devonshire) is mentioned in the
old records as running at Newmarket against * Mr.
Comptroller,' Lord Wharton, Mr. Tregonwell Framp-
ton, and others, in the reign of William the Third,
the dukedom of Devonshire dating from 1694.

The fourth Duke, called up to the House of Lords
in 1751, during his father's lifetime, as Baron Caven-
dish, succeeded to the ducal title in 1755, and died in
1764, so that he appears among the members of the
Jockey Club as Marquess of Hartington (his title of
courtesy), as Lord Cavendish, and as Duke of Devon-
shire, though it is all one single gentleman wrapped
up in three titles. He came, as we have seen, of a
horse-loving and racing line, and to a progenitor of
his (whether father or other), belonged the famous
' Devonshire ' Childers, better known as Flying Childers
(bred by Colonel Childers, of Carr House, near Don-

1773 THE DUKES 29

caster), the celebrated Basto, the distinguished Plasto,
and a whole galaxy of winners, to say nothing of
' Devonshire Arabians ' either imported by the family
or purchased by them after importation. It was
apparently the third Duke whose Dimple is the first
winner of the Newmarket Challenge Whip mentioned
in the records (about 1722-4). The fourth Duke
appears among those members of the Jockey Club who
adopted more or less permanent * colours ' in 1762 (as
published in the 'Calendars'), and he chose the 'straw,'
which the present Lord Hartington has ' illustrated '
by means of Morion and others before him, but not,
as some of us may think, with such success as may be
considered his hereditary as well as personal due.
The fourth Duke was Master of the Horse, and won,
as Marquess of Hartington (or Lord Cavendish), a
Jockey Club Plate with Antelope (formerly Sir M.
Wyvill's) in 1754, and, as Duke of Devonshire, another
with Atlas in 1759.

The fifth Duke had the reputation of being a
scholar rather than a 'jockey,' but his membership
of the Jockey Club is proved (to mention nothing
else) by his running Dromo for a Jockey Club Plate
in 1773. His wife, the ' beautiful Georgiana ' (to
whom Coleridge addressed the once well-known ode,
and who died in 1806), was herself, it is interest-
ing to note, among the horse-racers ; for she ran her
horse Le Beau, at Newmarket in 1786, against her
sister, Lady Duncannon (afterwards Countess of Bess-

30 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

borough), and the exceedingly philippic (and, shall we
say, notorious ?) Earl of Clerrnont ; but it cannot be
discovered that either she or any other lady was ever
a member of the Jockey Club. The fifth Duke died
in 1811.

The DUKE of GEAFTON of the list is Augustus
Henry Frrz-KoY, the third Duke, born 1735, succeeded
1757, died 1811. To prove his membership of the
Jockey Club it is unnecessary to do more than state
that he presided over the foundation (at his country-
seat, Euston, Norfolk), of the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup, which Beau Brummell's valet might have de-
scribed (had he been valet to the Jockey Club) as
' one of our failures,' for it has been almost vox et
prceterea nihil since 1774. By the way, the number
of subscribers to that Cup (at five guineas each) is now
(and has been for many years) given as twenty-five
in Weatherby's ' Calendar,' whereas it was in the
earlier volumes of that work given as twenty-seven
(more correctly, as will appear hereafter). This is
the Duke to whom allusion is made in Jesse's
< Selwyn,' where we read (1764): 'The Duke [" Cul-
loden "] of Cumberland goes from Newmarket to
Euston, and all the sporting Court follows him.'
Whence it appears that Euston was a regular rendez-
vous for members of the Jockey Club. This is the
Duke who, as prime minister, was so roughly handled
by 'Junius,' and who is so bitterly lashed in the
already mentioned ' Jockey Club.' He was 'Lord

1773 THE DUKES 81

Keeper ' to the notorious Nancy Parsons (who, by the
way, is said to have married Lord Maynard, having
previously been Mrs. Horton, as was mentioned in
another passage). As a patron of the Turf, how-
ever, and as a breeder and runner of racehorses, he
deserves the most honourable and respectful notice.
His brood-mares, Prunella, and her daughters, Pene-
lope and Parasol, are among the marvels of the
4 Stud Book ' ; and he lived to win the Derby three
times (with Tyrant in 1802, with ' Waxy * Pope in
1809, and with Whalebone in 1810), and the Oaks
twice (with Pelisse in 1804, and with Morel in 1808).
He was divorced, of course, for divorce was the
fashion of the age, and a member of the Jockey Club
would not fail to be in the fashion ; and his ex-Duchess
married the Earl of Upper Ossory (another member
of the Jockey Club) . The Duke, in fact, was true to
his descent from the ' Merry Monarch ' as regards
both Nancy Parsons and Newmarket.

The DUKE of HAMILTON of the list is the sixth,
James by name, who married one of the two ' lovely
Gunnings.' He was a great gentleman -jockey, inso-
much that he could hold his own against the celebrated
or notorious Earl of March (afterwards ' Old Q.,' or
the ' Star of Piccadilly '). He succeeded to the title
in 1723 and died in 1758 ; and for proof of his
membership of the Jockey Club it is sufficient to say
that he ran a brown colt, by Babram, for a Jockey
Club Plate in 1757. He appears in Horace Walpole's

82 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

< Letters,' and in Jesse's ' Selwyn,' in the character
of a very ' fast ' man ; and the story of his hurried
marriage, when a ring of the bed-curtains is said to
have been utilised for the purpose, is well known.
Though he raced and rode in person, he is not promi-
nent among the improvers of the thoroughbred, and
seems, in fact, to have inclined towards the ' cock-
tail ' ; but, whatever may have been his shortcomings
in that respect, they have been amply atoned for by
two of his successors — the Duke who was better known
as Lord Archibald Hamilton (and who most un-
expectedly succeeded his two nephews), and the pre-
sent Duke.

Our DUKE of KINGSTON is Evelyn PIERREPONT, who
succeeded to the title in 1726 and died in 1773, when
the dukedom became extinct. He certainly qualified
most thoroughly for the Jockey Club so far as the
looseness of his domestic screw (a looseness character-
istic, as has been said, not of the Club only but of
the society to which the earliest members of the
Jockey Club would belong for the most part) was
concerned ; for he married the lady known to history,
or, rather, to scandalous chronicle, as the ' notorious
Miss Chudleigh,' or the ' infamous Duchess of King-
ston.' She had been his mistress for years before he
married her ; but it is by no means certain that he
was privy to the bigamy which she committed in
marrying him. He, at any rate, bred, owned, and
ran several excellent horses; and a certain filly

1773 THE DUKES 33

called Marie Antoine ran in the name of the ' in-
famous Duchess ' herself in 1772 and 1773 at New-
market Spring Meetings. Scaramouch (by Snap),
purchased at the sale of the Duke's stud in July 1774
at Newmarket by the astute Mr. Dennis O'Kelly, and
Cronie (by Careless), were among the notabilities
bred by the Duke. He was one of the subscribers to
the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768.

The DUKE of MARLBOROUGH of our list is the
fourth holder of the ducal title (the second having
been a Duchess, Henrietta), who was born in 1739,
succeeded 1758, died 1817. He ran his colt Pero (by
Janus) for a Jockey Club Plate in 1763, but he cannot
be regarded as one of the great lights of the Turf, nor
did he ever win — or, for all that can be discovered,
try to win — a Derby or an Oaks, though he lived well
into the time of them. His descendant, Lord Ban-
dolph Churchill, bids fair to make up for ancestral
indifference.

The DUKE of NORTHUMBERLAND was originally Sir
Hugh SMITHSON, who was created Earl of Northumber-
land on the death of his father-in-law, Algernon, Duke
of Somerset, son of the sixth or * proud ' Duke (son-
in-law, having married Lady Elizabeth Percy, of
Jocelyn, last 'Percy' Earl of Northumberland). Sir
Hugh married Lady Elizabeth Seymour, Algernon
Duke of Somerset's daughter ; and he and his mar-
riage are sneered at by Horace Walpole, who writes
about ' the blood of the Seymours and Percies '

34 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

mingling with 'the blood of a man [Sir Hugh's
grandfather] who let or drove coaches.' The descend-
ant of Walpole's hackney-coach driver was Viceroy of
Ireland»and Walpole describes how 'her Vice-Majesty
of Ireland sailed to Newmarket with her legs out at
the foreglass ' (in consequence of flooded roads) ; for
both Earl and Countess were extremely ' horsey.' In
1766 the Earl was made a Duke, and succeeded the
Duke of Ancaster as Master of the Horse — the right
man in the right place, if the many ' Northumberland
Arabians ' he imported, regardless of cost, may be
taken as proof of his zeal in the cause of the thorough-
bred. These were the Northumberland Bay Arabian,
the Northumberland Brown Arabian (also called
Leedes's Arabian), the Northumberland Grey Arabian,
the Northumberland Golden Arabian, the Northum-
berland Chestnut Arabian, &c. ; and if their influence
is less discernible than that of many others in the
pedigrees, the fault does not lie with their importer
certainly, and perhaps not any more with his agent,
Mr. Phillips. At the time of adopting ' colours,' the
Duke with instinctive appropriateness chose ' deep
yellow' (as of the guinea), converted afterwards into
the still more significant ' all gold.' The Duke died
in 1786, but never ran for either Oaks, or Derby, or
St. Leger apparently, which were of small account,
however, compared with the position they afterwards
assumed. The Duke was one of the subscribers to
the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768 ; and he won

1773 THE DUKES 35

a Jockey Club Plate with Caesario (the first 'Matchem'
that ran) in 1764, and with Narcissus (by Wilson's
Arabian) in 1765.

The DUKE of RICHMOND of the list is the third,
who was born 1734, succeeded 1750, died s.p. in 1806,
when his nephew reigned in his stead. It was he
who carried the sceptre at the coronation of George
the Third ; who, having been ambassador to France,
was principal Secretary of State in 1766, and of whom
Horace Walpole writes in 1774 : ' No man living has
a higher opinion of the Duke of Richmond's honour
and integrity than I have : I respect his abilities, and
am as sure as I can be of anything that he is in-
capable of an unworthy action.' It was not he, but
the second Duke, who, as became the Master of the
Horse to King George the Second, imported or at any
rate owned the 'Richmond Turk,' sire of 'Dale's
Horse.' But it was the third Duke under whose
auspices (though Lord George Bentinck, 'managing
man ' to a subsequent Duke, deserves the name of
second founder) Goodwood began to have races of
its own. There may have been desultory racing at
Goodwood before 1802, but it was not until an open-
ing was made about that time, by the determination
of Lord Egremont to give up the races which had
been held in his park at Pet worth, that the first foun-
dations were laid of a meeting destined in course of
years to postpone its season from April to July or
August, and by degrees to take the gilt off the ginger-

D 2

36 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

bread of Brighthelmstone (now Brighton). The third
Duke ran Bounce for a Jockey Club Plate in 1761,
Lardon in 1762, &c., &c., and well represented his
grandfather, Charles Lennox, first Duke, who was
Master of the Horse 1681-2.

It would be expected, naturally, that among the
Dukes wo aid be found the name of Eutland, the family
which, to use the inversion of terms that is usual
among the ' horsey ' vulgar, ' belonged to ' Bonny
Black, the Cyprus Arabian, &c., &c. ; but there is no
actual proof forthcoming, however strong the prob-
ability is, that he who was Duke of Eutland (the
third) at the period with which we are dealing, and
who, as a Master of the Horse at one time, certainly
might have been expected to belong to the Jockey
Club, was ever a member of the Club. Nor is there
any certain proof (though, again, there is strong
probability) that this Duke's eldest son, the popular
and gallant Marquess of Granby (who did not live to be
Duke), though he brought into the family by marriage
with the daughter of the ' proud ' Duke of Somerset
(to whom the estates had come from the Alingtons
[whence the present Lord Alington's title] par les
femmes) certain manors, including Cheveley, in the
neighbourhood of Newmarket, was ever a member
of the Jockey Club, as he might be expected to
have been, and probably, but not certainly, was.
Still the family was represented, as presently will
appear, very conspicuously indeed, by Lord W.

1773 THE DUKES 37

Manners, among the members of the Club. The
fourth (grandson of the third) is the first Duke of
Eutland whose membership of the Jockey Club appears
to be established by indisputable and accessible
evidence.

38 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

CHAPTEK III

THE LORDS

THE EARL of ABINGDON must, have been Willoughby
BERTIE, the fourth Earl, who was born 1740, succeeded
1760, died 1799. For his membership of the Jockey
Club, it is enough to say that he won a Jockey Club
Plate in 1774 with Transit (by Marske), and in 1777
with Leviathan (by Marske), and would naturally have
belonged to the Club before the earlier of those dates.
He was a great breeder, a great racer, and a great
bettor ; but, though he lived well into the days of the
Oaks, the Derby, and the St. Leger, he apparently ran
for none of them but the Oaks just once in 1779, the
first year of running for it. The great feather in his
cap was that he bred the famous PotSos, the best son
of Eclipse, and the sire of Waxy (sire of Whalebone
and Whisker) ; but he was so ill-advised, or so
* straitened,' as to sell the horse to Lord Grosvenor
at the Newmarket First Spring Meeting, 1778, for
1,500 guineas, the purchaser to have the chance of a
race (worth 700 guineas) which the horse was about
to run, and which he won, thus costing only 800
guineas. Lord Abingdon, however, on another occa-

1773 THE LORDS 39

sion, had very much the best of the deal with Lord
Grosvenor at the First Spring Meeting in 1779. The
story has so often been wrongly told (as it is by Mr.
Christie Whyte in his * History of the British Turf,'
an authority greatly and, for the most part, deservedly
followed) that it must be repeated. It appears, then,
that Lords Abingdon and Grosvenor had arranged to
run a match at the said meeting, the former to run
Cardinal York, 4 years, 8 stone, and the latter a filly
by Dux out of Curiosity, 4 years, 7 stone 11 lb., B.C.,
for 1,000 guineas a side, and a ' bye,' or additional bet
of 6,000 guineas (laid by Lord Grosvenor) against
3,000 guineas, the match and bet or bets having, of
course, been made some time before. When the time
for the match to be run came on, the story goes that
Lord Grosvenor called upon Lord Abingdon to ' make
stakes ' (in default of which, the rule was that bets
were void, and the match too, of course), which Lord
Abingdon was not prepared to do, and was only saved
by the interposition of the noted ' miser,' Mr. Elwes,
who, though a ' miser,' was nothing if not a sportsman,
and offered to lend the money without ado or security.
The offer was accepted, 7 to 4 was laid on Lord Abing-
don's horse, and Lord Abingdon won both the original
stakes or bet and the * bye ' as well. Mr. Whyte's
version, adopted by others, makes the sporting 'miser '
lend the money to Lord Grosvenor, which seems to be
absurd, for Cardinal York was backed at 7 to 4 ont
and the demand to ' make stakes ' was clearly a happy

40 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

thought, or a desperate resource, for getting out of an
unpleasant position. At any rate, the best authorities
give the story as it has been told here. Besides, Mr.
Elwes was M.P. for Berkshire and Lord Abingdon's
neighbour, as it were, and would be far more likely to
back his county and his acquaintance than to help
Lord Grosvenor, who may have been a perfect stranger
to him. No wonder Lord Grosvenor named his mare
Misfortune ; but so strange are the ways of Nature
that the said Misfortune, though she never won a race
(of any importance, if at all), became the dam of the
celebrated Buzzard, sire of Castrel, Selim, Bronze,
and Rubens, and one of the ' crack ' American im-
portations (imported into Virginia by Col, Hoomes ;
died in Kentucky in 1811), so that there seems to
have been something in her to account for Lord
Grosvenor's expensive belief in her.

The fourth Lord Abingdon married the daughter
and co-heir of Admiral Sir P. Warren (buried in
Westminster Abbey) ; and perhaps his memory is still
cherished by the Corporation of Oxford, to which im-
mortal body he presented the handsome Cup won at
Oxford (when there were races there) in 1775 by his
mare Takamahaka. His titular name, at any rate, is
well preserved at Oxford by the familiar Abingdon
lasher.

LOED ASHBURNHAM must have been John, the
second Earl, LL.D., whose active membership of the
Jockey Club is attested by his signature appended to

1773 THE LOEDS 41

two documents issued by the Club in 1767, though
there remain few, if any, memorials of his horse-
racing or horse-breeding. He was born 1724, succeeded
to the title (which was created in 1730 only) 1736,
and died 1812, having married, in 1756, the daughter
and co-heir of Ambrose Crawley, Esq. (perhaps an
ancestor of Mr. J. S. Crawley, a member of the Jockey
Club at the present time) , alderman of London. This
noble lord is mentioned by Horace Walpole among
the millionaires of his day, and as a munificent patron
of art. He was a great purchaser of pictures, and
perhaps they were more in his line than racehorses.
He was at one time First Lord of the Bedchamber
and Groom of the Stole, but he was not conspicuous
among the personages (such as Lord Clermont, Lord
William Manners, Mr. ' Jockey ' Vernon, and others)
whom Horace Walpole superciliously describes as
' grooms.'

The LORD BARRYMORE of the list appears to have
been the sixth Earl, who died in 1773, and who was
either a brother, or at any rate a near relative, of the
Hon. John Smith-Barry (of whom more hereafter),
himself a member of the Jockey Club. This Earl was
among the subscribers (1768) to the Jockey Club
Challenge Cup, and owned and ran several good
horses, including Senlis (by Bajazet), purchased out
of the ' Culloden ' Duke of Cumberland's stud. The
title became extinct in 1823, and it may, therefore,
be well to deal at once with the sixth Earl's successors

42 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

(brothers), of whom one certainly, and two probably,
belonged to the Jockey Club.

There is some confusion about the actual succes-
sors of the sixth Earl ; but what is certain about them
seems to be that there were three brothers, who either
succeeded the sixth Earl one after the other, or, but
for premature decease, might have become Earls one
after the other. Two of them, undoubtedly, became
respectively the seventh and eighth Earl ; as to the
third, obituaries and other accounts are mislead-
ing and bewildering. However, the three brothers
(Eichard, Henry, and Augustus) are said to have
been popularly known by the nicknames of ' Cripple-
gate,' * Newgate,' and 'Hellgate ' (this last nickname
having been conferred upon the youngest brother,
Augustus, to emphasise the fact, presumably, that he
was in holy orders, as he was). ' Cripplegate,' the
eldest, the immediate successor of the sixth Earl,
died in 1793, at the early age of twenty-four, shot
accidentally or intentionally by his own hand whilst
he was discharging a part of his military duties. His
membership of the Jockey Club is amply proved by
all sorts of evidence, notably by his winning a Jockey
Club Plate in 1788 with Eockingham (alias Camden).
He was the young gentleman who ' went the pace ' so
awfully as to become, like Pope's Duke of Wharton,
1 the scorn and wonder of the age.' He was the young
gentleman whose freaks at Newmarket and elsewhere
fill page upon page in books devoted to * sporting

1773 THE LOKDS 43

anecdotes.' Of him it is related that he uncarted a
blind stag for his friends to hunt ; that he took the
town-crier's bell and perambulated the High Street
at Newmarket, shouting, ' Oh yes ! oh yes ! Who
wants to buy a horse that can walk five miles an
hour, trot eighteen, and gallop twenty ? ' and, when
some unsophisticated hearer among the collected
crowd cried eagerly, * I do ! ' replied demurely, * Then
I'll let you know when I come across one ; ' and that
he undertook for a wager to find a man who would
eat a live cat. It is only fair to add that he always
denied the truth of this disgusting story; but it
appears in certain newspapers at or near the time,
with the circumstantial information that he actually
won the wager, and that the worse than cannibal who
enabled him to win it was * a Harpenden man.' This
Lord Barrymore ran in 1788 (when he was only nine-
teen years of age) Feenow (purchased from Dr. John-
son's young friend, Sir J. Lade), by Tandem, for the
Derby. That the young lord, for all his wildness,
had his good points we know from Horace Walpole
(not too well-disposed towards members of the Jockey
Club, or towards any kind of sportsmen), who tells us
that he was as clever and droll in the drawing-room
as he was wild and eccentric on the Turf, and that,
with the assistance of Delpini (a male opera dancer,
after whom a famous racehorse and sire of racehorses
was called), he would get up entertainments which
not only set society on a roar but were distinguished

44 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

for their elegance. ' Cripplegate ' is said to have been
succeeded by his brother 'Newgate' (Henry), who
seems to have been an inferior edition of himself (and
ran third for the Oaks with Miranda in 1808, though
there is no proof that he was a member of the Jockey
Club), and died in 1823, in which year the title is
said to have become extinct, so that ' Hellgate '
(Augustus), the other brother, must either have died
previously and never succeeded to the earldom at all,
or must have come between ' Cripplegate ' and ' New-
gate,' instead of after the latter.

It was characteristic of ' Cripplegate ' that he
seemed, according to report, to have been quite dis-
posed to admit the claim, when he was told that the
notorious Madame du Barry (Barri) pretended to be
connected (through her husband, of course) with the
noble family of Barrymore ; for, even had he objected
to her and her character and her genealogy, he was
shrewd enough to know that she personally counted
for absolutely nothing in the connection, such as it
was, and that her part in the said connection was only
nominal.

The LORD BOLINGBROKE of the list is the second
Viscount, who succeeded his celebrated uncle (Henry
St. John, created Viscount Bolingbroke in 1712) in
1751, and died in 1787. His membership of the
Jockey Club (of which, by his horse-racing, his betting,
and his divorce from the lady who had been Lady
Diana Spencer, and afterwards became the more

1773 THE LORDS 45

familiar sounding Lady Di Beauclerc, wife of Dr.
Johnson's fashionable friend Topham Beauclerc, he
was one of the most typical among the early Fathers)
is abundantly testified. Suffice it to say that he was
among the subscribers to the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup, and he won Jockey Club Plates in 1769 and
1770. He is the ' Bully ' (as has been mentioned
already) so often spoken of in Jesse's ' Selwyn,' who
was 'thought to be too much in the graces of the
beautiful Coventry.' He owned the celebrated Pay-
master (son of Blank), and the still more celebrated
Highflyer (son of Herod). The latter was bred by
Sir Charles Bunbury and sold by him to Lord Boling-
broke, who gave the name which has become so
famous, and sold the horse in 1779 to Mr. Tattersall,
who thus acquired a four-legged gold-mine. Lord
Bolingbroke, whilst in partnership with the Hon. Mr.
Compton (a member of the Jockey Club, a great gentle-
man-rider, and owner of the noted Compton Barb,
otherwise called the Sedley Grey Arabian) had con-
siderable success upon the Turf, but it is to be feared
that, on the whole, he found it ruinous. He owned
the useful sire called indifferently the Coombe Arabian,
the Pigot Grey Arabian, and the Bolingbroke Grey
Arabian ; and he owned, if he did not actually import,
the Bolingbroke Bay Arabian, which won an interest-
ing race, injudiciously omitted from some of the
abbreviated ' Calendars.' The race was run at the
Second October Meeting, Newmarket, in 1771. It was

46 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

' for African and Arabian horses ' ; B.C. ; 8 stone, 7 Ibs.
Three ran, and they came in as follows : Lord Boling-
broke's Bay Horse, 1 ; Mr. Vernon's Jerusalem, 2 ;
Duke of Ancaster's Bay Horse (not the 'Ancaster
Egyptian'), 3. However, none of these horses be-
came very noted at the stud. Altogether, Lord
Bolingbroke seems to have been one of those members
which the Club, especially in these latter days, is
better without ; brilliant, no doubt, and energetic, but
flighty, and disposed to use the race-horse, however
good he may be, as a mere instrument of gambling ;
ready to buy him or sell him, but not caring much to
keep him and breed from him.

The LOKD CARLISLE of the list is Frederick HOWARD,
the fifth Earl, born 1748, succeeded to the title 1758,
died 1825. His membership of the Jockey Club is
easily proved, if only from the fact that he appears in
1770 (when he was but two-and-twenty) among those
members of the Club who agreed to adopt ' colours.'
He was one of the most worshipful of all the person-
ages who have ever been members of the Club. For
although he had been, up to the age of twenty-nine or
thirty, a great gambler and ' macaroni,' insomuch
that he became grievously crippled in his pecuniary
affairs, he then began to mend his ways, and to think
of retrieving his fortunes. As is well known, he was
nearly allied in blood to the illustrious poet Lord
Byron, whose talents he shared ; for he, too, was a
poet and letter-writer of no mean order, and he was

1773 THE LORDS 47

not undistinguished in the senate. He was also a
patron of art. It was a proof of the high estimation
in which his abilities and character were held that he
was sent on a mission to America at the time of the
rebellion of the colonies ; and it was probably not his
fault, but that of others and of the times, that the
mission was fruitless. Moreover, he was at one time
Viceroy or Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. That he
should have had a hereditary tendency towards horse-
racing, and should have been a member of the Jockey
Club, was only in the nature of things ; for not only
has there always been even more connection between
Howard and horse (at any rate since the days of Charles
the Second and the great Turfite Bernard Howard,
hereinbefore mentioned) than between Macedon and
Monmouth, but his own family had introduced into
this country, or at any rate owned, the Carlisle Turk
and the Carlisle Barb (otherwise called ' a foreign
horse of Sir C. W. Strickland's '), and had bred the
Wharton mare and the celebrated Buckhunter, better
known as the Carlisle gelding, a horse which must
have been running until he was eighteen years of age,
if, as the records say, he was foaled in 1713, and the
following account of him is correct : ' "When running
for a Plate at Salterley Common, Buckhunter broke a
leg (after winning the first heat), which deprived him
of his life, and he was buried near to the Pails
[palings] of Stilton Churchyard, where he happened
his misfortune, in the year 1731.' It must not be

48 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

concluded — as it well might — from this that the race
was run in the churchyard ; but the writer, like
Thucydides and other high authorities, gives his
readers an opportunity for the exercise of that com-
mon sense which Mr. Washington Moon and other
low authorities will not employ or allow to be employed
in dealing with the Queen's English. The said writer
adds : * Though Buckhunter was in a very high form,
yet there were horses of his time that would beat him ;
but he had rarely an equal, and hardly ever a
superior, with relation to those principal points of
being capable of running with all degrees of weight,
of supporting repeated heats, of travelling and run-
ning often, and continuing the whole for so great a
number of years, and to the age that he did. The
excessive spirits of his youth rendered him almost
ungovernable, and caused him to be castrated, which
lost to breeders a promising English stallion.' But
for this the Howards of Carlisle, perhaps, might have
bred a race of horses whereof the descendants at the
present day would 'whip creation,' including Ormonde,
St. Simon, Barcaldine, and hoc genus omne.

The LORD CHEDWORTH of the list was John Thynne
HOWE, second Baron, who succeeded to the title in
1742, died s.p. in 1762, and was succeeded by his
brother, H. F. Howe, who died unmarried in 1781,
and was succeeded by his nephew, at whose death, in
1804, the title became extinct. This Lord Chedworth
(whose father had bred the famous Esgulus, sold at

1773 THE LORDS 49

the breeder's death to Mr. Martindale, the saddler, of
St. James's Street) won a Jockey Club Plate in 1757,
and was owner and breeder of many good horses, in-
cluding Moses (foaled 1746, sire of Otho) and Aaron
(foaled 1747, the famous rival of the equally famous
Little Driver), a little horse, * generally measuring
under 14 hands,' and the (never trained) Godolphin
Arabian mare that was dam of the celebrated Co-
quette (by Mr. Compton's Barb), and was the only
sister to the famous Eegulus. This Lord Chedworth,
therefore, certainly did a member of the Jockey Club's
duty to the Turf and to horse-breeding.

LORD CLERMONT (first and last Earl, though his
barony and viscounty were continued in another
branch) was William Henry FORTESCUE, who was born
in 1722, and died s.p. in October 1806, at the Steyne,
Brighton, on which occasion it was announced in the
newspapers that ' the deceased Lord was the Father
of the Turf, and ranked among the most intimate
friends of the Prince ' (of Wales, of course). He was
described, not altogether untruthfully, it is to be feared,
some years before his death (by an enemy, it is true,
but 'fas est et ab hoste doceri '), as a ' hoary profli-
gate ' ; and it is not impossible that he was the
original of Thackeray's ' Marquis of Steyne,' though
a certain Marquess of Hertford runs him close, and is
preferred by some authorities or conjecturers. The
Earl was very intimate with the French Eoyal Family
in the days of Marie Antoinette and old * Egalite ' ;

50 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

and the latter nominated (if he did not actually run,
as owner) Lord Clermont 's Cantator for the Derby of
1784. The Earl was the somewhat dangerous * guide,
philosopher, and friend ' of the ' First Gentleman,' and
when they drove out together in the bleak air of New-
market Heath, would so carefully protect his old bones
with wraps that he was frequently mistaken for the
Prince's aunt Amelia (herself of ' horsey ' proclivities),
and the Prince won golden opinions for his supposed
affectionate solicitude for his aged relative. The Earl
is sneered at by Horace Walpole, who met him in
society now and then, and tells us how on one occa-
sion he spoke of having read in Livy, or some other
' classic,' that ' Scipio introduced toothpicks from
Spain.' Upon which, the fastidious Horace expresses
surprise that ' my Lord Clermont should ever have
heard of any Scipio but a racehorse of that name.'
And certainly the Earl was great upon the Turf and
in the breeding of racehorses, whether alone or in
confederacy with Lord Farnham. He bred the great
Trumpator, buried at the end of the Clermont course
(now almost forgotten) at Newmarket ; he was owner
of the still greater Conductor, and of Marc Antony ;
he was an active administrator of the Jockey Club
(as his signatures bear witness in 1770 and 1771) ; he
won the Derby in 1785 with Aimwell (by Marc
Antony), the only descendant in the male line of the
Alcock Arabian among the great winners ; and the
Oaks in the same year with Trifle (by Justice) ; and

1773 THE LORDS 51

the Oaks in 1792 with Volante (by Highflyer), not
Volante, as it is generally given, when he was also
second with Trumpetta (by Trumpator).

The LORD CRAVEN with whom we are concerned
here was the sixth Baron, nephew of the fifth (who
was much addicted to horse-racing, but does not ap-
pear to have been a member of the Jockey Club,
though he may very well have belonged to it). He
succeeded to the title in 1769, and died in 1791, when
his title descended to his son, the seventh Baron, the
distinguished soldier, who was created Viscount
Ufiington and first Earl of Craven, in 1801. The
sixth Baron is described (by an enemy) as a ' sot,'
which may have accounted for the conduct of his wife,
Lady Craven, the notorious personage whose ' works '
were ' printed and published by Horace Walpole ' at
his private press, Strawberry Hill, and who, at her
husband's death, became by regular marriage the
Margravine of Anspach she is supposed to have been
virtually (rather than virtuously) before. The sixth
Lord Craven's name is appended to various reso-
lutions passed by the Jockey Club in 1771, and he
seems to have been name-father of the Craven Stakes,
first run for in 1771, and the first public race (bar
matches) in which two-year-olds were admitted to
run, whether against their seniors or against one
another, under the auspices of the Jockey Club, at
what thenceforward became known as the Newmarket
Craven Meeting.

E 2

52 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

LOBD EGLINTON of the list is made out to have
been Alexander MONTGOMERY (MONTGOMERIE), the
tenth Earl, who succeeded to the title in 1729, and
was killed in a scuffle in 1769 by Mungo Campbell,
an excise officer, with whom a dispute had arisen
about a question of trespassing upon the Earl's
property with fire-arms. Lord Eglinton's name
appears in the very earliest published list of members
who (in 1758) signed a resolution of the Jockey Club.
He was not so famous on the Turf as his descendant
of ' Tournament ' memory, but he bred and ran some
good horses, and was the owner of the untrained
Omar (by Lord Godolphin's Arabian), sire of Sir C.
Bunbury's Nobody, Mr. O'Kelly's Miss Spindleshanks
(dam of Soldier, Corporal, Gunpowder, &c.), and at
one time owned Cripple, sire of the celebrated Gim-
crack (not bred, however, by Lord Eglinton). This
was the Lord Eglinton who introduced ' Bozzy ' (Dr.
Johnson's biographer) to the Jockey Club in 1762, as
will appear hereafter. It is, of course, from the
second title of this earldom that the celebrated horse
Ardrossan received its name.

The LORD FARNHAM of the list is Eobert MAXWELL,
the second Baron, who succeeded to that title in 1759,
was created Viscount in 1761 and Earl in 1763, and
died in 1779, when he was succeeded in the barony
by his brother Barry, who was created Viscount in
1781 and Earl in 1785, and died in 1800. The title
became extinct in 1823.

1773 THE LOEDS 53

The first Earl's membership of the Jockey Club is
handsomely proved (to mention no other evidence) by
his winning a Jockey Club Plate in 1773 with the
celebrated Conductor (son of Matchem, and one of the
' cracks ' of the ' Stud Book ' as well as of the Turf) ;
and, whether he raced alone or in partnership with
Lord Clermont, he was great both at post and pad-
dock (especially as owner of Miss Osmer [dam of the
Duke of Cumberland's Blunderer and Sir H. Fether-
stone's Tortoise] and of the Shepherd's Crab mare,
that was the dam of Charon, Leonidas, Premier,
Velocity, Jerker, and Bacchanal). The Earl's family
supplied not only the Turf with horses but the Church
with bishops (notably a Bishop of Drcmore and sub-
sequently of Meath).

Of LORDS GOWER there are two on the list ; both
the first Earl (the original owner of the famous Gower
stallion, a son of the Godolphin Arabian, and inferior
to few, if any, sires of his own or any other time),
and the second Earl, Granville, first Marquess of
Stafford, grandfather of the late Earl Granville. The
first Earl of Gower won the very first Jockey Club
Plate in 1753 with Beau Clincher, and died in 1754.
The second (born 1721, died 1802), who sat in the
House of Commons as Viscount Trentham, and was
afterwards Lord Privy Seal, Lord Chamberlain, and
Lord President of the Council, and some time Master
of the Horse, came into possession of his father's (the
first Earl's) horses and ran Clio, by the Gower stal-

54 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

lion, for a Jockey Club Plate in 1755, and her own
brother Sweepstakes for a Jockey Club Plate in 1756,
&c., &c. His grandson, the late popular Earl Gran-
ville, though unknown among the winners of horse-
races, even if he ever ran a horse for a public race of
importance (though he is said to have been sleeping
partner in more than one), was himself for very many
years a member of the Jockey Club, and at his death
was probably its doyen, as he was elected a member
about half a century ago, in 1846 or thereabouts, the
very year in which he succeeded to the title.

We now come to the greatest racer and the great-
est bettor (who, like the famous Colonel Mellish, seldom
or never * opened his mouth under 500 guineas ') of
the whole lot, namely LORD GROSVENOR, the first Earl,
who was born 1731, created a Baron 1761, Viscount
and Earl 1784, and died August 5, 1802, and after
whom Earl's Court, Kensington, is named, from the
house in which he lived there. He was originally Sir
Eichard Grosvenor (about the seventh baronet), and
how devoted he was to the Turf may be inferred from
a remark of Horace Walpole's : ' Sir E. Grosvenor is
made a Lord, Viscount, or Baron, I don't know which,
nor does he, for yesterday [March 17, 1761], when he
should have kissed hands, he was gone to Newmarket
to see the trial of a racehorse.' He was one of the
subscribers to the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in
1768. He married in 1764 Henrietta Vernon (pro-
bably a sister of Horace Walpole's Mr. ' Jockey '

1773 THE LORDS 55

Vernon), from whom he could not get a divorce for
the reason already mentioned. He is said to have
lost 300,OOOZ. by a thirty years' connection with the
Turf; but his family do not appear to have come to
the workhouse in consequence, to judge from the
figure made upon the Turf and elsewhere by his
descendants, the Marquesses and the present Duke of
Westminster. Lord Grosvenor won the Derby in
1790, 1792, and 1794, with Ehadamanthus (when he
was also second with Asparagus), with John Bull,
and with Daedalus (own brother to Khadamanthus) ;
the Oaks in 1781, 1782, 1783, 1797, and 1799 with
Faith, Ceres, Maid of the Oaks, Nike, and Bellina ;
several Jockey Club Plates, the Jockey Club Cup and
the Newmarket Challenge Whip, two or three times
each of them ; and besides the horses mentioned (to
say nothing of a Grosvenor Arabian and Barb) he
either bred or owned at one time or another such
celebrities as Violante (so called after a famous dancer
of the day, and bred before the Earl's death in 1802),
Mambrino (sire of Messenger, the ' father of American
trotters'), Trajan, Cardinal Puff, Pot8os, Gimcrack,
Sweet William, Sweet Briar, &c. When the members
of the Jockey Club chose ' colours ' in 1762 (and 1770)
he selected the ' orange and black cap,' which, in the
modified hue of ' yellow and black cap,' we identify
with the Grosvenors (unless a Mostyn or a Merry
intervene) to this day.

LORD SPENCER HAMILTON is made out to have been

56 TBE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

a brother of Archibald, ninth Duke of Hamilton (who
succeeded to the dukedom contrary to all reasonable
odds), to have been born in 1742, to have been an
officer in the Guards, to have had his signature
appended to a resolution of the Jockey Club in 1771,
when he was but twenty-nine years of age, to have
been a noted ' gentleman jockey ' (like others of his
family), to have been tolerably conspicuous on the
Turf, though completely overshadowed by the vic-
torious Lord Archibald, and to have died unmarried
in 1791.

LOED WILLIAM MANNERS, brother of the third Duke
of Kutland, seems to have been born about 1697, and
to have died in 1772, and, according to Horace Wai-
pole, to have been ' better known in the groom-porters'
annals than in the annals of Europe.' He is cer-
tainly very well known in the annals of the Turf, if
that is what the disdainful Horace means, and he
ran Pop (a gelding) for a Jockey Club Plate in 1755.
He owned, and probably bred, the brothers Chuff and
Poppet, by (Flying) Childers ; and he bred Tawney
(son of Mr. Panton's celebrated Crab and a Cyprus
Arabian mare), that was near leader in Lord March's
famous * carriage-match ' at Newmarket in 1750.

LOED MARCH is, of course, James Douglas, EAEL
of MAECH and EUGLEN (born 1725, died 1810), whose
name appears in all the earliest transactions of the
Jockey Club (of which he was a most active member),
and who is almost too well known as ' Old Q.' (the

1773 THE LORDS 57

last Duke of Queensberry, successor to the Duke whose
Duchess was so kind to Gay). How he bred, and
owned, and raced, and rode, and betted; and how
ingenious he was in his carriage-match (a four-wheeled
carriage, drawn by four horses, with a person in or
upon it, to do nineteen miles in an hour), and in his
wager about transmitting a letter fifty miles in an
hour (by enclosing it in a cricket ball, which twenty-
four cricketers passed one to another), everybody
probably remembers. But it may not be so well
remembered that he was disappointed in love, having
proposed to Miss Pelham, niece of the prime minister,
Duke of Newcastle, and been rejected by her family,
after which both he and she remained unmarried for
life (cf. the case of the Duke of Bridgewater), which
may have accounted for some of his subsequent
career; and that he is said to have disputed with
George Selwyn the paternity of Maria Fagniani,
whom the third Marquess of Hertford married, and to
whom, it is said, both * Old Q.' and Selwyn left a
fortune. It is curious that so great a racer and so
' knowing ' a ' hand ' never won the Derby or the
Oaks, thou h he tried for both — for the former fre-
quently ; but, as his ' knowingness ' has been turned
into a weapon against his memory (which has many
other more vulnerable points), it may be well to
record what was said of him by one of his so-called
victims, the unfortunate ' Chillaby ' Jennings (a
member of the Jockey Club, of whom more hereafter).

58 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

* Queensberry,' said he, ' was always honourable in
his bets, only he was a far better jockey than any of
us.' In fact ' Old Q.' was, no doubt, a fair specimen
of what the authors of ' Guesses at Truth ' call * the
Devil's gentleman ' ; that is, the conventional ' man
of honour.' It is to be feared, however, that neither
as Lord March nor as ' Old Q.' did he regard the
racehorse as much more than ' an instrument of
gambling.' In 1766 he writes to Selwyn : ' Bully
[Bolingbroke], Wilmington, and myself are left here
[at Newmarket] to reflect coolly on our losses and the
nonsense of keeping running -horses. . . . Scott has lost
three thousand.'

LOED MOLYNEUX is the Charles William MOLYNEUX,
ninth VISCOUNT MOLYNEUX and first EAKL of SEFTON,
who apparently stepped into the shoes of his uncle (a
Jesuit, incapable of holding titles) in 1759, conformed
to the Established Church in 1768, was created Earl
of Sefton in 1771, and died in 1795. He appears
among the subscribers to the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup in 1768. He lived well into the times of the
Derby ; and, though he does not seem to have run
either for it or for the Oaks, his name is closely con-
nected with the great Epsom race by memories of
Sefton (Mr. W. S. Crawfurd's), the winner of it in
1878, and with Newmarket by Sefton House.

LOED OEFOED (who appears among the signatories
of the earliest extant published ' Order ' of the Jockey
Club in 1758) is, of course, George WALPOLE, the

1773 THE LORDS 59

third Earl (of the first creation), grandson of the
famous Sir Eobert Walpole, and the ' mad ' nephew
of Horace Walpole (who succeeded him and adopted
the style and title of ' uncle to the late Earl of
Or ford '). The third Earl succeeded to the title in
1751, and died in 1791, and with him, it has been
said, the good old English sport of ' hawking ' virtu-
ally expired. He is best remembered for the havoc
which he brought upon a fine estate, and for the sale
of his grandfather's splendid collection of pictures,
which he sold to the Empress of Kussia. How he
hawked, how he (and the Marquess of Kockingham)
raced geese (the feathered variety) at Newmarket, and
how he insisted upon driving red-deer instead of
horses, four-in-hand, and got hunted by a pack ol
hounds, may be read in the chronicles of sport. It is
not improbable that he did as much as anybody (as
will be shown hereafter) to bring two-year-old racing
(the introduction of which has been attributed, with-
out satisfactory proof, to Sir Charles Bunbury) into
fashion at Newmarket ; and it is by no means certain
that the fashion is a bad one. As for his madness, he
was ' only mad nor-nor-west ' ; he not only knew a
' hawk ' from a * handsaw,' but ' a horse from a donkey,'
as the saying is. He owned and bred many excellent
horses : he bred, for instance, the famous Firetail (by
Squirrel), said (and by the Jew Apella, the late Sir
Francis Hastings Doyle, and the marines, but not the
sailors, believed) to have run the Kowley Mile at New-

60 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

market in one minute four seconds and a half at the
First Spring Meeting of 1773 ; and he owned the
Orford Barb mare (dam of Piper, by Captain ; Hough-
ton, by Squirrel; Spitfire, by Eclipse), &c. All this
looks like a benefactor of the Turf; but the Earl seems
to have been a confirmed and reckless gambler, and
altogether such a member of the Jockey Club as the
Club and the Turf are better without.

LOED [UPPER] OSSOEY is John FITZPATEICK, second
and last Earl, one of the subscribers in 1768 to the
Jockey Club Challenge Cup, which he won in 1772
with Circe (by Matchem), and in 1777 with Dorimant
(by Otho), bred by himself, and one of the best horses
ever foaled. He is the Lord Ossory of whom David
Hume spoke so highly and prophesied such good
things (a prophecy which lacked complete fulfilment) ;
and he was the * Proculeian ' brother of the * Admir-
able Crichton ' Colonel Fitzpatrick, and the husband
(as already remarked) of the divorced Duchess of
Grafton. He was noticeably successful in his career
upon the Turf, his retirement from which was attri-
buted (even by so scurrilous a writer as Mr. Pigott,
author of ' The Jockey Club ') to his disgust at the
people and the practices encountered upon it. He
bred and owned and ran a number of good horses,
many of them sons and. daughters of the celebrated
Otho (purchased by him from Mr. ' Jockey ' Vernon,
as Horace Walpole calls him). Among them may be
mentioned Comus (a runner in France, and one of

1773 THE LORDS 61

the first English horses that stood at the stud there),
Saturn, Spot, Turnus, and Otheothea (a brood mare
of some repute, though a bad racer). His Coxcomb
(own brother to Dorimant), after a short but distin-
guished career upon the race-course, went to the stud,
but even then was frequently hunted, and in 1789, at
the advanced age of eighteen, took part in a ' remark-
able fox-chase,' at the conclusion of which, we are
told, * the few who were in it was (sic) from 25 to
30 miles distance from home. Coxcomb, aged eighteen,
was up to the hounds the whole time, and was rode
by a gentleman who weighed upwards of 12 stone.'
Lord Ossory owned, if he did not import, the Ossory
chestnut Arabian which stood at Amp thill, Bedford-
shire, and which was the sire of Lord Grosvenor's
Selima (daughter of Snapdragon), foaled 1772. Alto-
gether, Lord Upper Ossory seems to have been the
sort of member that would do honour as well as
excellent service both to the Jockey Club and to the
Turf. The title became extinct in 1818, though Lord
Ossory is understood to be a sub-title of the Marquess
of Ormonde.

The LORD PIGOT of the list is a historical and a
tragical character ; for he must be the unfortunate
Sir George Pigot who was created Baron Pigot of
Patshull, near Wolverhampton, in 1766, was Governor
of Fort George, Madras, and for whose treatment
(including deprivation of government and imprison-
ment, which seems to have caused his death), certain

62 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

persons (v. ' State Trials ') named George Stratton,
Henry Brooke, Charles Flayer, and George Mackay,
and perhaps others, were called to account and fined
1,OOOL apiece. His membership of the Jockey Club
is proved from the fact that he ran an unnamed bay
colt for a Jockey Club Plate in 1773, which was won
by Mr. Vernon's Giantess. At his death the peerage
apparently became extinct, as he left no legitimate
male children. He, however, had a natural son, who
became Sir Hugh Pigot, K.C.B., Admiral of the White
(died in 1875, aged eighty-two), and two brothers,
Hugh (who, curiously enough, was also an admiral),
and (the eldest of the three) General Sir Eobert, Bart.,
whose son, General Sir George, was also a light of the
Turf. Sir George, who was born in 1766 and died in
1841, raised the 130th Eegiment, with which he served
in the Peninsula, and was father of the late Sir
Kobert Pigot, of Patshull, who died in June 1891, at
ninety years of age, and had owned some successful
race-horses, including Essedarius, with which horse
he challenged for the Newmarket Whip in 1851,
having run second with him for the Cesarewitch the
year before. It was probably Sir George (v. ' Stud
Book,' vol. ii. p. 53) who owned the Patshull Arabian
which stood at Patshull about 1800-1, and he was
very likely himself a member of the Jockey Club.

LORD PORTMORE must have been Charles COLYER,
the second Earl, who succeeded unexpectedly to the
title (which became extinct in 1835) in 1729 : his

1773 THE LOEDS 63

elder brother Viscount Milsington or Milsintown (for
it is variously spelt, according to the wont of the age,
which was more addicted to gambling than to ortho-
graphy), having previously died and having had
children who also died previously. The second Earl's
membership of the Jockey Club is attested by his
signature appended to the Jockey Club ' Order ' of
1758. He (as well as the Viscount Milsington who
was apparently his eldest son, and who ran Scarf for
the Derby of 1781) was a great racer and breeder.
He won the first (1751) of all the Great Subscriptions
at York, with Skim (by the Bolton Starling) ; and he
bred Mr. Grisewood's Partner (sire of the famous
Gimcrack's dam), the celebrated Cartouch mare (dam
of Sir J. Moore's Miss South, South -West, &c.), and
the renowned little Highlander (14 hands, 1 inch), by
Victorious. He was also one of the owners of the
famous Othello (Black-and- All-Black), by Crab. He
died in 1785, having done his duty to the Turf.

LORD KOCKINGHAM, the second and last Marquess,
is the popular Charles "Watson WENTWORTH, who
gave its name to the Doncaster St. Leger (in 1778)
from his friend and neighbour Colonel (afterwards
General) St. Leger, of Park Hill (whence the Park
Hill Stakes), near Doncaster. He belonged rather to
the northern than to the southern members of the
Jockey Club, whereof his membership is attested, if
any attestation of so great a certainty be required, by
his signature appended to the first document published

64 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

by the Jockey Club in 1758. He was one of those
persons who may be said to have greatness thrust
upon them, for he was summoned — not exactly like
Cincinnatus from the plough, but like himself and
others of his day, if not of our own — from the race-
course to the post of prime minister, in which capa-
city he and his colleagues so acquitted themselves
that his political opponents delighted to quote the
doggerel of the day to the effect that * The Ministry
sleeps, and the Minister's Rocking'em.' He appears
to have been strongly of Horace's opinion that ' dulce
est desipere in loco ' ; and his favourite ' locus,' when
he was not in the north, was Newmarket, where
he would indulge in desipience so far, it is said,
as to back his goose (feathered) against rny Lord
Orford's, as well as his horse or horses against any-
body else's. He was not a very * clayver ' man, per-
haps, as Shakespeare is said to have been, but he was
an honest man, the creature once considered to be
'the noblest work of God,' but now very lightly
esteemed (because, let us hope, he has become so
common). He was a most liberal patron of the Turf,
both north and south, and he did his part in the
improvement of horse-flesh. He owned at one time
or another, but did not breed, the famous Sampson
(Mr. Robinson's, but bred by Mr. Preston, 15*2 hands
high, considered gigantic for his time, when combined
with such bone as he had), Whistle-jacket (bred by
Sir W. Middleton), and Bay Malton (bred by Mrs.

1773 THE LOKDS 65

Ayrton, of Malton, to whom, at her wedding -dinner,
his dam was lent by her father Mr. Fenton, leading
to a pointed rather than delicate proposition, after
the fashion of the time, on the part of one of the
guests, Mr. Preston, then owner of the stud-horse
Sampson), by Sampson ; and he bred as well as
owned the celebrated Solon (by Sampson out of
Emma, by the Godolphin Arabian), by whose match
with Lord Bolingbroke's Paymaster (3 to 1 on the
latter, October 1770, at Newmarket) he won 4,000
guineas. Oddly enough, Solon, after leaving the
race-course, was used as a charger by Lord Rocking-
ham. Autres temps, autres mceurs ; in these latter
days such a horse would be either sold for a small
fortune to ' furrin parts,' or hurried to his owner's
own stud to be ' coined ' as soon as possible. Lord
Rockingham, singular to relate, never won the St.
Leger after he had named it, but he won what was
the first unnamed edition of it with an unnamed filly,
afterwards called Alabaculia. He was among the
subscribers to the Jockey Club Challenge Cup, and he
won the Newmarket Challenge Whip, in the very
year (1768) in which that Cup was instituted, with
Bay Malton, beating Cardinal Puff easily. That there
was a mixture of eccentricity (illustrated by the goose-
race) and shrewdness in the family is probable from
the marriage contracted by the Marquess's sister,
Lady Henrietta Alicia Wentworth, with her groom
(who has acquired posthumous gentility in ' peerages '

66 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

and similar publications as W. Sturgeon, l esquire '),
and from the care and prudence with which she had
her property tied up and settled on herself and her
children (if there should be any little grooms or
groomesses), with just 100Z. a year for the ' esquire,'
if he should survive her. After this, it is said that
it was considered almost a personal matter to have a
sturgeon (which wa3 a very favourite fish at the time)
at dinner, if the Mirquess of Kockingham had ac-
cepted an invitation to it. The Marquess had no
(legitimate) children, if, indeed, he had a wife (and
apparently he had abstained from that expensive
luxury for reasons, according to Sir N. W. Wraxall,
which the great surgeon John Hunter would have
commended highly), so that with him, who died in
July 1782, the title became extinct and his estates
(on the principle that ' he that hath to him shall be
given ') passed to his nephew, Lord Fitzwilliam. The
Jockey Club would be well off with many more
members like the second Marquess of Eockingham.
He betted freely, it is true; but it is a question
whether he would ever have sent out ' commissions,'
even if there had been any organised ' ring ' in his
day.

LORD SONDES of the list is apparently that Lewis
MONSON who is understood to have taken the addi-
tional name of Watson in compliance with the desire
of his benefactor, the third Lord (second Marquess of)
Eockingham. He was born in 1727, created Baron

1773 THE LORDS 67

Sondes, of Lees Court, Kent, in 1760, and died in
1795. In 1764, soon after he began to air his title,
he is found running second with an unnamed bay
colt (by Tarquin) to Lord Northumberland's Caesario
(by Matchem), for a Jockey Club Plate, which suffi-
ciently establishes his membership ; but for all that,
and though he married a niece of the Duke of New-
castle (whose family name suggests the Pelham Barb,
the Curwen Bay Barb, Alcock's Arabian, alias Pel-
ham's Grey Arab, and the Brocklesby Stakes at Lin-
coln), he is not among the most prominent Fathers
of the Jockey Club, or improvers of the thorough-
bred.

The LOED STRANGE of the list is James STANLEY,
son and heir of the eleventh, and father of the wonder-
fully popular twelfth Earl of Derby, and he died before
his father (so that he never succeeded to the earldom)
in 1771, having established his membership of the
Jockey Club, as early as 1754, by running the cele-
brated Sportsman (winner of five King's Plates) un-
successfully for a Jockey Club Plate. He raced like-
wise with Jenny, Kitty, Gift, &c., and well seconded
his father (who had run Brown Betty for the King's
Plate for five-year-old mares as long before as 1723),
as well as paved the way, as it were, for his son, who
was to ' belong ' to the never-to-be-forgotten Sir Peter
(Teazle). Lord Strange insisted upon bearing that
title (if not from the cradle to the grave, at any rate,
as soon after leaving the cradle as could be expected),

r 2

68 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

although his right to it was disputed, and it now appears
to go with the dukedom of Athole, whereof the holder
* sits as Earl Strange.' It was this insistent Lord
Strange, according to the authorities, who introduced
the name and personality of the Smiths into the perhaps
equally well known but certainly less prolific family of
the Stanleys, by marrying one of the daughters and
co-heiresses (Mr. John Barry, of the Earls of Barry-
more 's family marrying the other or an other) of a
certain Hugh Smith, millionaire by trade, of Weald
House, Essex. He thus prudently prepared the way
for the profuse extravagance of his son, heir and suc-
cessor, the twelfth Earl of Derby, by becoming the
sire of whom he did scarcely less for the Turf, and a
great deal more for cock-fighting, than if he had been
the sire of the great Sir Peter (Teazle) himself.

LORD WALDEGEAVB is James WALDEGRAVE, second
Earl, born 1714 (or 1715), succeeded to the title 1741,
and died (of small-pox) 1763. His name is appended
to the first public document issued by the Jockey
Club in 1758 ; and he ran for Jockey Club Plates in
1760 and 1761. He was not one of the most promi-
nent owners and breeders, though he owned some very
fair horses, and in his stud, for a while, was the
famous mare (Kegulus) Mixbury. He left at his death
a literary contribution in the form of 'Historical
Memoirs ' (1754-7). He was in many respects a very
estimable personage, who, in spite of his protesting
that he was ' only an inoffensive man of pleasure and

1773 THE LOKDS 69

fashion, and did not want to be bothered ' (just like
Lord Eockingham), was, much to his annoyance,
advanced to high honour, and was made ' governour '
to two Koyal Princes, of whom one was afterwards
George III. The second Earl of Waldegrave married
Horace Walpole's niece, Maria (natural daughter of
Sir Edward Walpole), who became Duchess of Glou-
cester, and was mother of the Maria Waldegrave who,
according to Horace Walpole, was very shabbily
treated by the Earl of Egremont, and, in fact, jilted
by him, but she afterwards married the fourth Duke
of Grafton for better or worse. Lord Waldegrave,
having no male issue, was succeeded by his brother
John (died 1784), who as a Master of the Horse
might very well have been a member of the Jockey
Club, but proofs of his membership are not forth*-
coming. The second Earl must be reckoned one of
the most distinguished and most creditable among the
Fathers of the Jockey Club.

As in the case of the dukes it is surprising to find
no Eutland among the ducal members of the Jockey
Club, so, in the case of the lords, one is inclined to be
astonished at the conspicuous absence of the second
Lord Godolphin's name. He was racing at New-
market at the time of the Jockey Club's foundation ;
but no certain proof of his membership can be dis-
covered. It must be remembered, however, that he
was very old at the Club's first appearance at New-
market in 1753, at which time he was seventy-five

70 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

(he died in 1766). He may even have grown too
groomish for so fashionable a body ; but it certainly
is strange that the founders of the Jockey Club should
not have included — if they did not include — the owner
of the Godolphin Arabian.

1773 71

CHAPTER IV

THE SIRS

SIR JOHN ARMYTAGE, whose membership of the Jockey
Club is attested by his signature appended to the first
public document issued by the Club (March 1758),
must have been the gallant young baronet who left
his home in the North, his friends in the South, and
his sport and pleasure on the Knavesmire and the
Heath, to serve as a volunteer under General Ely the
in those dark days which followed the convention of
Closterseven, in 1757, when Lord Chesterfield, the
imperturbable, was sufficiently moved to declare that
we were * no longer a nation,' and apparently fell on
the field in the September of that very same year in
which he had signed the ' Order ' of the Jockey Club.
He was succeeded by his brother Sir George ; the very
same baronet, no doubt, who won the Doncaster Gold
Cup with Stargazer (dam of Teddy-the-Grinder), in
1787, who was among the ' quality ' invited to meet
the * First Gentleman ' and the Duke of York at the
Mansion House, York, on the occasion of their memor-
able visit to the North in 1789, and who was himself
very likely a member of the Jockey Club, though no

72 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

proof can be advanced of his membership. Sir John
was no more than twenty-seven at the time of his
death, and it is, therefore, not surprising that he
should have left few marks of his individuality on the
history of the Turf and of the stud.

Sir THOMAS CHARLES BUNBURY, who was steward,
and received the subscriptions for the Jockey Club
Plate in 1768, and became a sort of ' Perpetual Presi-
dent,' as he is sneeringly called by an enemy, of the
Jockey Club (something like Admiral Eous in later
times), is perhaps the most familiar by name to the
world of all the men who have ever been members of
the Jockey Club. He was born in 1740, succeeded to
the Baronetcy in 1764, first appeared (as Mr. Bun-
bury) on the Turf in 1763, and by 1768, as has
already been observed, was steward of the Jockey
Club. No doubt his proximity to Newmarket, as a
resident upon his estate at Great Barton, near Milden-
hall, Suffolk, which he represented in Parliament for
many years, would be enough, combined with a ' strict
attention to business' (that is, to horse-racing), to
account to a considerable extent for the control which
he obtained over affairs at ' head- quarters ' ; but that
there was ' something about him ' personally is abun-
dantly evident, if only from the mention of him in the
* Eeceipt to make a Jockey,' and from the more
creditable fact that he was preferred above all rivals
for the hand of the lovely Lady Sarah Lennox, whom
the King would gladly have made Mrs. George the

1773 THE SIRS 73

Third, had there been no obstacle in the way. It is
true that Lady Sarah afterwards brought upon him
the greatest grief and dishonour which a wife can
bring upon a husband, and it is true that there is no
accounting for woman's eccentricities in matrimonial
matters ; but there is reason to suppose that in this
case the chosen husband was really a superior person.
Divorce, however, was his fate, as it was that of many
another brother-member of the Jockey Club. It was
mainly owing to one Lord William Gordon that the
divorce (in 1776) took place; and, ' as that was a
duelling age ' (to quote the gifted author of * The Gay
Cavalier '), surprise has sometimes been expressed
that it did not * lead to human gore ' (to borrow the
words of the immortal Sim Tappertit). The explana-
tion is unique, and worthy of the period. When Sir
Charles was about to take the usual steps, it was
objected that he was bound to take the known poachers
upon his manor in proper alphabetical order, in which
case Lord William's turn would not come on for some
time, as he stood about tenth on a list so constructed.
Strange to say, however, like the filly Misfortune, that
was so worthless in her early years and yet became
the dam of the great Buzzard, the divorced Lady
Sarah became some years afterwards the wife of the
Hon. Colonel Napier, and was the mother of the
famous Sir Charles and Sir William Napier, duo
fulmina belli. Sir Charles Bunbury himself married
a second time late in life somebody who was nobody,

74 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

but he left no issue, and died at the great age of
eighty-one in 1821. He was elder brother of the
famous caricaturist, Henry Bunbury ('H. B.,' pre-
ferred by Horace Walpole to the great Hogarth him-
self), who, as will appear hereafter, is also included
by a certain authority among the members of the
Jockey Club. The most notable, or, at any rate, the
most amusing, incident of Sir Charles's career in
Parliament, was probably during the delivery of his
maiden speech, when, being overcome by a sudden
diffidence (in which he resembled great men like
Addison, and even orators commended by Cicero), he
sank hurriedly down into his seat in such fashion as
to elicit from ' the late ingenious Charles Townshend '
such a pun as that humourist would have been sure
to make with the substitution of an m for an n in the
name of Bunbury.

The successes of Sir Charles upon the racecourse
and at the stud were very notable rather than
numerous. He won the very first Derby (with Diomed
in 1780) ; he was the first to win both Derby and
Oaks in one and the same year (with Eleanor in 1801,
enthusiastically described as * a hell of a mare ') ; he
was the first to win both Derby and Two Thousand in
one and the same year (with Smolensko in 1813, a
great horse, preserved by an ingenious device from
being seized for a * heriot ') ; and he bred but sold to
Lord Bolingbroke (who gave the name) the celebrated
Highflyer, the < luck of Tattersall Hall.'

1773 THE SIRS 75

On Sir Charles, as one of the stewards in con-
junction with Mr. Ealph Dutton and the * polite ' Mr.
Thomas Panton, devolved the unpleasant duty of
virtually * warning off ' the Prince of Wales (in con-
nection with Escape, and Chifney's riding of him,
when the Prince behaved like the ' First Gentleman ') ;
and to him has been attributed, from the days of
Mr. Christie Whyte to those of Sir Francis Hastings
Doyle (writing in the ' Fortnightly ' of June 1881), and
even later still, the ' invention of two-year-old races,'
and attributed generally as if it were discreditable to
him.

But creditable or discreditable, let the saddle be
put on the right horse.

Was it, then, Sir Charles Bunbury who ' invented '
two-year-old racing ? Mr. John Orton, of the well-
known * Annals,' a great authority, and others, assert
that two-year-old racing originated in a match run at
York between two youngsters of that age, belonging
respectively to the Kev. Henry Goodricke (a Pre-
bendary of York Minster, owner of the celebrated
* Old England mare,' and winner, generally under
somebody else's name, whether Mr. G. Crompton's
or another, of the Doncaster St. Leger on several
occasions) and a Mr. John Hutchinson (originally a
stableboy, and afterwards John Hutchinson, ' esquire,'
of Shipton, near York, a man of substance and a
breeder of famous racehorses, including Bening-
brough and Hambletonian, winners of the St. Leger,

76 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

and Oberon, by Highflyer). Unfortunately the date
of the match is not given, nor is any account of it to
be found in the public records, so that it was appa-
rently (as would be likely) a private match at a time
when there was no public racing going on at York.
Moreover, according to the public records there was
two-year-old public racing at Newmarket several
years before it was in vogue, either for general racing
or for matches, in the North. For the Craven Stakes,
in which two-year-olds were first officially admitted to
run among competitors of all ages (though two-year-
olds had run matches there, either one against
another or against older horses, as early as 1769),
dates from 1771 ; whereas no earlier case of two-
year-old running in public in the North is to be dis-
covered by diligent search of public records than the
match at Hambleton in 1779, when Mr. Coates's
or Mr. Burdon's ' Czarina, 8 stone 7 lb., beat Mr.
Hutchinson's bay colt (by Turk), bred by Mr. Pass-
man, 8 stone both two-year-olds,' over the cruel dis-
tance of ' two miles,' the Mr. Hutchinson being the
John Hutchinson to whom, in conjunction with the
Kev. Henry Goodricke, the invention of two-year-old
racing has been attributed. However, we know from
other sources that Mr. Garforth, another great north-
ern breeder and runner of racehorses, used to speak
of two-year-old racing as 'the parson's new plan.'
We know, further, that nobody would be likely to
teach a Yorkshireman anything new about horses, and

1773 THE SIRS 77

we know that it was at York in 1788 that a condemn -
able novelty was introduced, when a notorious match
was run between a horse and a mare carrying thirty
stone each. We know, besides, that Sir Charles
Bunbury attended York races when he was a very
young man (for he purchased Dux at York in 1766,
when he was only twenty-six), where he would cer-
tainly meet both the Rev. H. Goodricke and Mr. John
Hutchinson, both older than he (one a little and the
other a great deal), and more experienced in horse-
flesh (for Hutchinson, the junior of the pair, already
had charge of the famous Miss Western in 1751, when
he was but fifteen, and when Sir Charles was but
eleven), and he would rather have learned a ' wrinkle *
from them than have been able to show them any-
thing. On the whole, then, even if Sir Charles did
introduce two-year-old racing at Newmarket, and
though in Mr. Orton's own 'Annals' (of York and
Doncaster) the earliest instance recorded of such
racing in public is the epigrammatic match between
Sir W. Vavasour's Hope and Sir C. Turner's Despair,
at Doncaster in 1790, there is some reason to believe
that Mr. Orton's statement as to the origin of two-
year-old racing is correct — that it originated in a
private match between two noted horse-breeders in
the North, and that it was imported (whether by Sir
Charles Bunbury or by somebody else) from the North
to the South. For there is no evidence, so far as
diligent search can discover, that either the Rev.

78 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

H. Goodricke or John Hutchinson (until this latter
went South to look after Hambletonian on the eve of
the great match with Diamond in 1799) ever visited
Newmarket, so that they, or either of them, might
have carried home thence the idea of the ' parson's
new plan.'

But in any case, whether two-year-old racing was
introduced at Newmarket from the North, or in the
North from Newmarket, the evidence which can be
collected goes to show that the invention or intro-
duction of it cannot be assigned with probability to
Sir Charles Bunbury, unless it be probable that a
man would be conspicuously absent from among the
earliest practisers of what he himself invented or in-
troduced. And what are the facts? Investigation
has revealed no earlier case of an undoubted two-
year-old run by Sir Charles than Parthian for the
Craven Stakes in 1774, though two-year-olds had
been run at Newmarket since 1769 by Mr. South
(who ran Precarious, 'rising three,' in February), by
the ' mad ' Lord Orford, by Lord Clermont, by Messrs.
Blake and Foley, and others, Sir Charles having run
against them, indeed, but with an older horse, and
invariably over a very short course (from a quarter to
three-quarters of a mile) . Sir Charles, in fact, as Mr.
W. Day remarks in his ' Eacehorse in Training '
(first edition, p. 78), was proverbial for his gentle
usage of horses, at any rate in training ; and it may
be that the bad name which he has earned as a pro-

1773 THE SIRS 79

moter of ' short distance races ' he owes to his hu-
manity. It is noticeable, too, that his name has sur-
vived to this day in connection with Bunbury's Mile
at Newmarket, not, as might have been expected had
he been the accepted inventor of two-year-old racing,
with a T.Y.C. He shares, of course, with the rest of
the Jockey Club the blame for having allowed year-
lings to run at Newmarket, and for having established
a regular Y.C. ; but he is again conspicuously absent
from among the runners of yearlings, the prominent
innovators being Mr. ' Jockey ' Vernon, my Lords
Grosvenor, Foley, Clermont, Egremont, Derby, Barry-
more, Messrs. C. J. Fox (the distinguished orator),
Panton, and Ladbroke, and H.R.H. the Prince of Wales.
So much it has been thought right to say, because
Sir Charles's memory has incurred a great deal of
odium on the ground that he was a promoter of ' young '
as well as of ' short ' races. There is no intention
here, however, of condemning two-year-old racing, if
kept within due limits. The youngsters are said by
very high, if not the highest, authorities to be all the
better for an early training ; and, if they are to be
trained, they must be exercised, and the exercise may
as well take the form of a public race (if exertion be
not overdone), on the principle on which the old
trainer John Osborne decided that ' if horses must
sweat, they might as well sweat for the brass,' that is,
for public stakes. Sir Charles was a Father, not only
to the English Turf but also to the American, for to

80 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

America went his Derby winner Diomed, and there
the horse died in 1808, aged thirty-one, having be-
gotten the famous American sire, Sir Archie, or Sir
Archy, sire of Timoleon, sire of Boston, sire of Lex-
ington. Of course, Sir Charles had his Bunbury
Arabian, but it did not do much for the pedigrees.

Sir NATHANIEL CUEZON (and previously Mr. CUEZON
in the annals of the Turf), of Kiddlestone, Derbyshire,
is he who, having previously been M.P. for Derby-
shire, was created Baron Scarsdale in 1761, and his
membership of the Jockey Club is attested in many
ways, and among them by his running for a Jockey
Club Plate in 1757. He was a noted breeder, owner,
runner, and rider ; and the name of himself or of his
father, who seems to have set him a racing and breed-
ing example, or of one of his family, was attached to
at least one of the ' Sons of the Desert ' imported to
improve the breed of the English horse, under the
style and title of ' the Curzon Grey Barb.' As for his
title of Scarsdale, there was an Earl of Scarsdale
(probably not a Curzon, however), who ran for the
Newmarket Town Plate in 1695, and was beaten by
the famous or notorious Mr. Tregonwell Frampton
with ' the King's horse.' He or his father was at one
time owner of the Beaufort Arabian mare that was
the dam of Jason (by Standard) a.nd Y. Jason (by
Y. Standard).

Sir LAWEANCE DUNDAS (who is, no doubt properly,
included in the more trustworthy lists of subscribers

1773 THE SIKS 81

to the Jockey Challenge Cup In 1768), of Aske, York-
shire, is presumed to have been the gentleman who
was created a Baronet in 1762, died in 1781, and was
succeeded by Sir Thomas (created Baron Dundas, of
Aske, in 1794), progenitor of the Earls of Zetland, of
whom and their ' spots ' and their connection with the
Jockey Club more will have to be said hereafter. Sir
Lawrance, who, as Mr. Dundas, is believed to have
been Commissary- General, owned Bay Richmond, alias
Sarpedon (under which name he ran in Jamaica), by
Feather, and, being confederated with the famous Mr.
Peregrine Wentworth, ran Carabineer (a name, in the
form of Carbineer, borne in recent times by a celebrity
of the Zetland stud), brother to the celebrated York-
shire Jenny, in 1774 and 1775. Sir Lawrance bred
Pontac, sire of Sir Thomas (i.e., Sir T. [Dundas]), with
which horse the Prince of Wales won the Derby in 1788.
Sir M. FEATHERSTONEHAUGH or FETHEKSTONHAUGH,
which seems to be the more correct form, ran for the
Jockey Club Plates won by Lord Chedworth's chestnut
filly in 1757, and by Mr. Francis Naylor's Sally in
1759 respectively, and had a stud-farm at Uppark,
Sussex, where his son Sir Henry (of whom more anon)
was born. He likewise possessed the estates of
Haringbrook, Essex, and Fetherstonhaugh Castle,
Northumberland. He was, moreover, F.R.S., and
M.P. for Portsmouth, and altogether a great person-
age. The name is commonly met with in the abbre-
viated form, Fetherston, and it might naturally be

a

82 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

supposed that the other was found too long for life,
oloi vvv Pporol slcn, and accordingly curtailed. But
Fetherston is really the right form ; for there were
originally two brothers, who divided the family pro-
perty between them, part of which (in Northumber-
land) lay low, and part (in Durham) lay high ; so the
two brothers agreed to distinguish themselves by add-
ing ' haugh ' for the ' low,' and ' halge ' for the ' high,'
to their name, according to the site of their domain.
Ultimately the lean kine swallowed up the fat ; in
other words, the property of both the ' haugh ' and
the ' halge ' branch merged in the representative of
the former, Sir Matthew, whose father, plain Mr.
Matthew, had been twice Mayor of Newcastle, and had
married a rich Miss Brown, and whose uncle, become
Sir Henry, wished both his property and his title to
be continued in his nephew. And so it was. Sir
Matthew's son, born at Uppark, December 22, 1754,
' rose,' as we shall see, to be a sort of * gentleman-
jockey to the Prince of Wales,' just as Dr. Johnson's
young friend, Sir John Lade, became ' coachman ' to
the same Koyal Highness. Sir Matthew died in 1761,
and therefore had no chance of winning St. Leger,
Oaks, or Derby ; but he owned Sog, by Cade ; Hen-
ricus, by Othello (Black and All Black), &c. ; and he
bred Proserpine and her sister, by Henricus, &c., &c.
Uppark, in Sussex, had its race-meeting under the
auspices of the old Fetherstons, but of very brief
existence.

1773 THE SIKS 83

Sir THOMAS GASCOIGNE, of Barnbow, Lasingcroft,
and Parlington, Yorkshire, was one of those great
Northern lights of the Turf whom the founders of the
Jockey Club, much to the credit of their wisdom
and their national sentiments, cordially admitted
from the very first to the association whose head-
quarters and principal arena were in the South at
Newmarket. He was born in 1743 and died in 1810 ;
and though there is no actual proof that he belonged
to the Jockey Club before 1778, when he is gazetted
as the winner of a Jockey Club Plate with his un-
fortunate horse Magog (the joint property of himself
and Mr. Stapleton, another member of the Jockey
Club), there is reason to suppose that his member-
ship would date from some years before. That he
was a member of the Club scarcely admits of a doubt,
else, as Jockey Club Plates could be run for by
members of the Club only, Magog would have ap-
peared in the name of the other half-owner, Mr.
Stapleton, whose membership is proved as early as
1768 by the fact of his being one of the subscribers
to the Jockey Club Plate. Sir Thomas, whose sur-
name must not be confounded with that of Mr. Gas-
coyne (another member of the Jockey Club), is said
to have been descended from the family of which a
shining historical light is the famous Chief Justice
Gascoigne, by whom (according to legend) Prince
' Hal ' (afterwards Henry V.) was committed to prison.
With Sir Thomas the baronetcy became extinct, for

G 2

84 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

he had the misfortune to lose his only son by an
accident out hunting, and a very touching epitaph
shows how keenly the poor father felt the blow.
Indeed, it is said to have shortened his life, though
he lived to the age of sixty-seven, which is only three
years short of the average span allotted by the
Psalmist. Sir Thomas was succeeded by a connection
of the family, Mr. Eichard Oliver, who, apparently,
had married one of the baronet's daughters, took the
baronet's family name, and is the Mr. Gascoigne
who won the St. Leger in 1811 with Soothsayer, by
Sorcerer, and in 1824 with Jerry, by Smolensko. Sir
Thomas had married the widow of Sir C. Turner,
another great light of the Northern Turf, and a
member also of the Jockey Club, so that there was
quite a plethora of horsiness in the family. Sir
Thomas and his ' frequent friend and pardner,' Mr.
Stapleton, won between them a vast number of great
races, including the St. Leger in 1778, 1779, and
1798, with Hollandaise, by Matchem ; with Tommy,
by Wildair, and with Symmetry, by Delpini ; and the
Oaks in 1803 with Theophania, by Delpini. And in
the pedigrees (v. Mambrino in the ' Stud Book,' for
example) we come upon mention of ' a Foreign Horse
of Sir T. Gascoigne's,' though that Sir Thomas must
have been a predecessor, probably the father, of
our immediate Sir Thomas. As for the Gascoigne-
Stapleton Magog, he has been termed ' unfortunate,'
because he is one of the earliest recorded instances

1773 THE SIES 85

of barbarous * nobbling ' ; for we read that, on the
eve of the race for the Gold Cup at Doncaster in 1778,
' when he was backed at high odds ... the night
before running some villains broke two locks and got
into the stable to Magog, and, by cutting his tongue
nearly off and giving him something inwardly,
rendered him at that time incapable of starting.'
Unfortunately we do not read that the atrocious
scoundrels were caught and received as nearly their
meed as Judge Lynch, a tree, and a rope, or calmer
justice, a trial, a gallows, and a hangman, could give
it them, or that any sort of judgment befell them ;
but, fortunately, on the other hand, we do read that
the horse recovered, won more races, and was a good
sire. It is curious in these days to note that he got
his name from standing 16 hands high (a very
common height in aftertimes, when the name of
Magog was given to a horse that is said to have stood
18 hands high, and, be it observed, to have been
unable to ' go ' for more than half a mile) ; but that
was then considered gigantic. Sir Thomas, or one
of his family, be it further remarked, is reported to
have possessed at one time a famous black mare,
which had belonged to one Nevison, a highwayman,
whom fancy has identified with the * Dick Turpin ' of
criminal romance, conferring, of course, the name of
Black Bess upon the mare.

Sir H. GREY is undoubtedly the Sir Henry Grey,
of Howick, Northumberland, who died unmarried in

86 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

1808, whereby it is said that 37,0002. a year fell to
his nephew, the newly-created Earl Grey. That Sir
Henry was a member of the Jockey Club appears
from his signature to the Jockey Club resolution of
1758 (signed by thirty-one members) ; and that he
raced occasionally is attested by Fox, winner in his
name of a Eoyal Plate as early as 1755 at Ipswich,
&c., but he is not among the most prominent racing
members of the Jockey Club.

Sir JOHN KAYB, another among the signatories of
the Jockey Club document in 1758, is the Baronet
(descended, says heraldic tradition, from Sir Kaye or
Kay, a knight of the Eound Table) who was high
sheriff for the County of York in 1761 and died un-
married in 1789, of Denby Grange, seven miles from
Wakefield, six from Huddersfield, and thirty-seven
from York. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by
his brother, Dean of Lincoln, the Very Eev. Sir
Richard, who died s.p. in 1809, when the baronetcy
expired, and in the estates by his kinsman Lister
Kaye, Esquire, who was created a Baronet in 1812,
and became Sir John P. Lister Kaye. So it is made
out, but the genealogical cooks appear to have spoilt
the genealogical broth a little in some of the obituaries.
At any rate Sir John Kaye was one of the great
Northern lights of the Turf and of the Jockey Club.
He bred Frenzy and her son Phenomenon (winner of
the St. Leger in 1783) ; and he bred and owned for a
time the famous mare Perdita (by Herod) , dam of the

1773 THE SIKS 87

still more famous Yellow Filly or Yellow Mare (bred
by Mr. Tattersall) that won the Oaks for Sir F.
Standish in 1786. As for Phenomenon, he was
imported into America some time between 1798 and
1803 (in the latter year, according to Bruce's ' Amer-
ican Stud Book '), and died (in 1803, according to the
same authority) * soon after landing ' in New York.

Sir J. LOWTHEB, if there be no mistake, is the
Sir James who was called ' the little tyrant of the
North ' by * Junius,' and was afterwards better known
by the flattering title of * the bad Lord Lonsdale.'
At any rate Sir James was created Earl of Lonsdale in
1784. He was one of the ' West Indian ' members (of
whom we shall see more) of the Jockey Club ; that is
to say, he was the son of Eobert Lowther, Governor
of Barbadoes. He was ' horsey ' by hereditary right,
paternally and maternally; for his mother appears
to have been Catherine, daughter of the very 'horsey'
Sir Joseph Pennington and of Margaret Lowther
(daughter of the first Viscount Lonsdale, whose family
were all * horsey ' and imported or owned the * Lons-
dale Bay Arabian,' the ' white-legged Lowther Barb '
[chestnut], &c.). Sir James, who was M.P. for
Cumberland and Westmoreland before he became a
peer (and is said to have put the great William Pitt
in for Appleby), is understood to have inherited the
estates of his granduncle, the third Viscount, who
died in 1750. In 1761, it seems, Sir James married
a daughter of the Earl of Bute, but had no children,

88 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

and at his death, in 1802, the barony, viscounty, and
estates appear to have passed to his cousin, the Kev.
Sir W. Lowther, of Swillington. Sir James is said
to have been satirised by ' Peter Pindar,' and to have
fought a duel with a Captain Cuthbert. His unpopu-
larity appears to have been connected with the ' evic-
tion of tenants ' (just as if he had been an Irish
landlord of our day) ; but he was allowed by common
consent to have left an admirable will, and he is
mentioned by Horace Walpole as a munificent patron
of art. He was, at any rate, a munificent patron of
the Turf and the thoroughbred; and he is said to
have had in his stud at one time six stallions whose
aggregate age was 144 years. Among them were
Pleader (died at thirty-one, all but a fortnight, in April
1801) and Ajax (died in November, 1800, at twenty-
nine), and we are told that the two old horses stood
together in the same stable for several years, agreed
together, and walked out together in the Park, at
Lowther, Westmoreland, when 'Ajax affected his
youthful vigour, and Pleader tottled after him.' A
pleasant glimpse this of the wicked ways of the ' bad
Lord Lonsdale,' who seems at least to have been careful
of his old and decrepit horses. Sir James appears
in the list (1762) of those members of the Jockey
Club who agreed to adopt ' colours,' but seems not to
have made up his mind what they should be, and in the
list of 1770 does not appear at all. He won, however,
a Jockey Club Plate with Jason in 1757 and with

1773 THE SIES

Ascham in 1763. He is credited with having done a
very sporting thing in 1758, when he bought Mirza
(after winning one of the Jockey Club Plates) for
1,500 guineas from Mr. Fulke Greville and offered to
back the horse for 10,000 guineas (and allow 4 Ib.)
against the redoubtable Snap (sire of Goldfinder,
Angelica, &c.) ; but the latter ' being on his way to
the North,' where he was to retire to the stud, ' the
challenge was not accepted ' by the ' Northumberland
confederacy ' (Messrs. Swinburne and Shafto, brothers,
all members of the Jockey Club).

Sir WILLIAM MIDDLETON, Baronet, of Belsay Castle,
Northumberland, was one of the great ' Northern
lights ' of the Turf, though he was beaten with the
famous Whistlejacket (bred by him, but sold in 1756
to Lord Eockingham) by the Duke of Ancaster with
Spectator for a Jockey Club Plate in 1756. Sir
William is understood to have died s.p. in 1757, and
to have been succeeded by his brother (John Lam-
bert), who died in 1768, and was succeeded by his
son (the hero of Minden, where he was desperately
wounded). Sir William is said to have been M.P. for
Northumberland from 1722 to 1757, the year of his
death. He owned the Bartlet's Childers mare that
bred Squirrel (alias Surly), Midge, Thwackum (alias
Scipio), and Camilla, all by a son of Bay Bolton, and
Miss Belsea (Belsay). The Bartlet's Childers mare's
dam was sister to the two famous True Blues.

Sir JOHN MOOKE, Baronet, of Fawley Court, Berks,

90 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

is made out to have succeeded his brother, who died
unmarried in 1738 ; to have himself died s.p. at
eighty years of age or more in 1799, and to have been
succeeded by his brother, at whose death s.p. in 1807
the title became extinct. Sir John appears to have
sold Fawley Manor to the Vansittarts (who sold it to
a Mr. Tipping, whose niece and heiress married the
Rev. Philip Wroughton, and brought the property
into that family), and to have migrated into Suffolk,
near Bury St. Edmunds, where he died. He ' went
ahead ' in his youth, according to George Selwyn and
his correspondents ; but he was a great breeder, owner,
and runner of racehorses. He was one of the sub-
scribers to the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768 ;
and at the death of the * Culloden ' Duke of Cumber-
land in 1765, he had purchased the illustrious (King)
Herod. He refused 2,000 guineas offered by the
King of Poland for the horse ; but, nevertheless the
great sire is stated by some authorities to have died
at Sir John's stud-farm in such a terrible state of
dirt, neglect, and disease that, if the story be true,
nothing * bonum ' can be said for Sir John, though he
is dead. Perhaps Herod had turned so savage that
the only grooming he could receive consisted in ' inter-
mittent dashes with a broom,' as has been related
of another horse that had lost his temper ; otherwise
one would think that self-interest, if no better feeling,
would ensure proper attention for a valuable animal
of that description.

1773 THE SIES 91

Sir T. SEBBIGHT (who ran the dun colt Creampot
for a Jockey Club Plate in 1759, when dun was not
at all an uncommon colour for a racehorse) was
apparently Sir Thomas Saunders Sebright, the fifth
Baronet, who died unmarried in 1761 at the early age
of thirty-eight, and was succeeded by his brother,
Lieutenant-General Sir John Saunders Sebright,
which accounts for the fact that Creampot is assigned
in the ' Stud Book ' to Sir John, though Heber
distinctly states that the colt was run by * Sir Thomas
Seabright.' The name of Saunders came from the
heiress who brought the property of Beechwood,
Herts, into the family by her marriage with Sir
Thomas (the fourth Baronet, who died at the early
age of forty-four in 1736, and whose younger brother
was murdered, whilst travelling in France, at the
still earlier age of twenty-five). The family con-
tributed to the common cause of the Turf a ' Sebright
Arabian,' whose influence appears in the pedigree of
the aforesaid Creampot, which horse became the
property of Mr. ' Jockey ' Vernon, the oracle of New-
market.

Sir CHAELES SEDLEY (or SIDLEY, for this seems to
have been the old original form), whose membership
of the Jockey Club is attested in many ways, notably
by the mention made of him (as one of the kindest
and most genial members of the Club) by ' Jemmy '
Boswell in * The Cub at Newmarket,' and by the fact
that he won a Jockey Club Plate in 1776 (with the

92 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

famous Trentham, then ten years old, purchased in
1773 of Sir J. Moore), and with Molecatcher in 1777,
came of the family whose name was rendered rather
notorious than famous by the witty but undeniably
disreputable Sir Charles Sedley, whose daughter was
James II. 's witty but brazen mistress, created (even
to her shameless father's creditable indignation)
Countess of Dorchester. The Sir Charles with whom
we are dealing here was the son of the Sir Charles
Sedley, of Southfleet, who was created a Knight in
1688 and a Baronet in 1702 ; and having married
the daughter and heiress of a Mr. Collinge, of Nuttall,
Notts., died in 1727. The Sir Charles his son, member
of the Jockey Club, exchanged Southfleet (and North-
fleet) with the Eeverend T. Sanderson for Kirkby
Baber, Leicestershire, and obtained the manors of
Hay ford and Harleigh by marriage with a Miss Frith.
He also, of course, possessed the estate of Nuttall,
Nottinghamshire, where he appears to have lived
principally. At any rate, he was for many years
M.P. for Nottingham. He died in 1778, leaving a
daughter, who married Lord Vernon, and the title
became extinct. Sir Charles promoted the cause of
the Turf and of horse-breeding on a very extensive
scale as breeder, owner, and runner of almost count-
less thoroughbreds, first-rate, second-rate, and third-
rate. He became the owner of Mr. Compton's Barb
(sire of Lord Bolingbroke's celebrated Coquette),
which is so favourably prominent in the pedigrees,

1773 THE SIRS 93

and is called indifferently the Compton Barb and the
Sedley Grey Arabian. As Sir Charles died in 1778,
of course he had no chance of winning either the Derby
or the Oaks ; nor does he seem to have run for the race
•which, ever since 1778 (included), has been known as
the Doncaster St. Leger.

Sir JOHN SHELLEY, of Michel Grove and Mares-
field Park, Sussex, is the fifth Baronet, whose member-
ship of the Jockey Club is proved by his running for
a Jockey Club Plate in 1774 and (with the bay filly
Everlasting, bred by him, dam of the famous Sky-
scraper, that won the Derby of 1789 for the youthful
Duke of Bedford) in 1779. He succeeded his father
in 1771. He was M.P., P.C., Clerk of the Pipe, &c.,
and died in 1783. He came of a racing strain
maternally (for his father had married first a Scawen
and then a Pelham) ; he it was who brought (by
marriage) the Maresfield property into the family;
and he must have been the ' Jack ' Shelley of whom
we read in Jesse's ' Selwyn ' and who (about 1763,
when there seems to have been more of the sporting
spirit about than there is now) is said to have won a
foot-race-match (at Oatlands or Newmarket), for
20 guineas a side, ' with his hands tied behind his
back.' Michel Grove has become a household word,
or two household words, among lovers of horse-racing;
but the sixth Baronet (son and namesake of the fifth),
to whom we shall come anon, was the great horse-
racer, winner of the Derby with Phantom and Cedric.

94 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

Sir SIMEON STUART (or STEUART, or STEWART),
whose name appears among the signatories of a
Jockey Club ' agreement ' of February 10, 1771, must
have been the third Baronet of Hartley Mauduit,
Hants. He was M.P. for Hampshire, and he is
apparently the (then Mr.) Stuart who ran the in-
dicative grey colt Hartley (telling of the above-men-
tioned place in Hampshire) at Odiham in 1758. He
bred both the said Hartley and a filly (by Babraham,
son of Whirligig, by Bajazet) from the Crab mare
that was the dam of Lord Bolingbroke's (afterwards
Mr. Quick's) Charlotte (by Blank), and the same
Lord's Doge (by Eegulus). Sir Simeon, however, was
not among the most prominent racing and breeding
members of the Jockey Club, and seems to have inclined
(though to say so may be a breach of the ' de mortuis
nil nisi bonum ' precept) towards * schedule g ' and
the ' cocktail.' But his were days when members of
the Jockey Club delighted to ride their own hunters,
even on the race-course, where, nowadays, it is a rare
sight to see a member of the Jockey Club in the pig-
skin, the exhibition not being encouraged by the Club.

Sir CHARLES TURNER of the list must have been a
simple ' Mister ' at the time his signature was appended
to five resolutions of the Jockey Club in 1771, of
Kirkleatham, Yorkshire. He was created a Baronet
in 1782 and died in 1783. He represented York
City in Parliament from 1768 to the day of his death,
was one of the great ' Northern lights ' of the Turf,

1773 THE SIKS 95

and a great sportsman altogether. It is recorded
that he * sported freely ' when he matched his Brutus
against Lord Kockingham's Eemus at Newmarket in
1757 for 500 guineas, B.C., 8 stone 7 Ib. against
8 stone 11 Ib., and won ; and he was the hero of the
leaping-match in 1752 or 1753, when he performed
with ease in 86 minutes, for a wager of 1,000 guineas,
the task of riding ten miles and taking forty leaps,
for which he was allowed at least 45 minutes, if not
longer. He was also the hero of a run with his
hounds, in 1775, after ' the noted old fox Caesar, who
made an extraordinary chace . . . upwards of
50 miles.' It was his son (also perhaps a member of
the Jockey Club) who in 1796 married the daughter
(or a daughter) of the rich banker Sir W. Newcomen
(who eventually seems to have blossomed into a noble
lord), of Carrickglass, and it is published abroad that
he had to relinquish horse-racing as part of the
settlement or marriage-agreement. The relinquish-
ment, however, can only have been ' over the left,'
or, at any rate, temporary (whether the promise were
cancelled by mutual consent or merely broken like
pie-crust), for he was evidently 'on the Turf when
he died, at the early age of thirty-eight, in 1810, though
no proof has been discovered that he was (as he most
likely was) a member of the Jockey Club. It was
this young Sir Charles who at York August races
in 1795 had purchased in a lump from Mr. John
Hutchinson (first stable-boy and then ' esquire ') for

96 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

3,000 guineas the famous horses Boningbrough,
Hambletonian (winner of the then imminent St.
Leger), and Oberon. It is noticeable that this Sir
Charles's widow (who seems to have become recon-
ciled to horse-racing, if it were she and not — as is
more likely — her father who had objected to it) mar-
ried another horse-racer (and member of the Jockey
Club), Mr. H. Vansittart ; just as the elder Sir Charles's
(we have already seen) married the great Northern
light of the Turf (and also member of the Jockey
Club), Sir T. Gascoigne.

Sir W. WOLSELEY, whose membership of the
Jockey Club is established as early as 1755, when
Countess ran in his name for a Jockey Club Plate,
was one of the Wolseleys of Staffordshire (and of
Mt. Wolseley, Ireland, from which Irish branch the
gallant Lord Wolseley, of Cairo, is understood to be
descended) , and is made out to have been Sir William,
fifth in succession from Sir Charles (created a Baronet
by Charles the First in 1628), whose son (Sir Charles)
was a Cromwellite and M.P. for Staffordshire (1654-
1656). Sir William seems to have succeeded his
uncle (Sir Henry, fourth Baronet), to have married a
daughter of W. Pigott, Esquire, of Doddeshall, Bucks,
a very 'racing' connection (if names go for anything),
and to have died in 1779. Sir William Wolseley's
Barb (whether imported by him or not) testifies to
the Baronet's services as a breeder, not only to the
English but to the French Turf ; for that Barb was

1773 THE SIES 97

the sire of Lord Grosvenor's Kiddle, that was the
dam (in 1771) of Lord Grosvenor's celebrated horse
Barbary (sold to Comte d'Artois in 1775-6, before
the great ' deluge ' prophesied by Madame de Pompa-
dour, and by him imported into France and raced
there at Sablons, and afterwards sent to the Count's
stud, after winning several stakes and matches on
French soil).

98 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

CHAPTEK V

THE MISTEES

WE have now come to the plain 'Misters,' whom,
having no particular 'scent,' such as a ducal, baronial,
or similar title, for us to follow, it is sometimes a
little difficult to run to earth, as naval and military
' handles ' and the courtesy-prefix of ' honourable '
are very often omitted, and would not be sufficient
guide, even if they were not. Be it premised that
the asterisk denotes that the bearers of the names so
distinguished were connected with the West Indies,
where, when slavery was not yet abolished and
planters had large fortunes, energetic efforts were
made to introduce and propagate the thoroughbred,
and to establish horse-racing (to such purpose, indeed
that some of our early ' Calendars ' give the results of
races held in Jamaica, &c.) ; and the election of such
gentlemen as members of the Jockey Club in its early
days tends to emphasise what has been said about the
wise and liberal spirit displayed by the Club in wel-
coming, if only the qualifications of social rank and
of property were satisfactory, representatives of the

1773 THE MISTERS 99

Turf and the Stud from north, south, east, or west,
home-born, home-bred, home-resident, or colonial.

Mr. ANDERSON, whose membership of the Jockey
Club is ascertained from the fact that his name is
appended to a Rule of the Jockey Club dated April 19,
1769, appears to have been identical with the Captain
Francis Anderson who was a great * gentleman-jock '
in his day, riding both in the North and in the
South, at York and at Newmarket, against such well-
known riders and members of the Jockey Club as
Messrs. Vernon, Shafto, Compton, Lord Orford, &c.
He probably belonged to the northern family of
Andersons, of whom the head (at the foundation of
the Jockey Club) was Sir Edmund Anderson, Bart.,
who died in 1765. But as Mr. Anderson is not con-
spicuous among the owners and breeders, he cannot
be said to have done much for ' the cause.'

fMr. BLADEN (whose membership rests upon the
slender foundation of what is remembered of a state-
ment in an * obituary,' and upon inference drawn
from the proverb noscitur a sociis, and from various
other indications) is he who ran against three other
gentlemen, all members of the Jockey Club, for the
Weights and Scales Plate of 1759 ; but as that race,
though the Jockey Club found the money for it, may
not have been then (its first year), and certainly was
not afterwards, confined to members of the Jockey
Club, his running for it on the occasion mentioned is
no evidence whatever of membership of the Club. Ifc

E 2

100 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

is more in favour of his membership, perhaps, that
he and his two daughters (of whom one married the
Earl of Essex and the other Colonel St. John, brother
of the ' Bully ' Lord Bolingbroke, a very ' horsey '
and Jockey- Club-like connection) are mentioned as
constant visitors at Newmarket and as intimate
friends of ' Old Q.,' who was the ' Star ' not only ' of
Piccadilly,' but also of the Jockey Club. At least, this
Mr. Bladen seems to have been identical with the
Colonel Thomas Bladen, or Thomas Bladen, Esq., a
Commissioner of Forests and Plantations, whom we
meet with in Walpole's 'Letters ' and Jesse's ' Selwyn,'
who was M.P. at various times for Old Sarum, Stey-
ning, &c., and died in 1780 at the age of eighty-two.
He ran races with Aristotle, Essex Lady, and other
horses of more or less note (whereof Aristotle, by the
Cullen Arabian, was imported into Virginia, and died
therein 1775), probably half-bred ; and there was a
Bladen stallion, to which he very likely ' belonged.'

The name of BLAKE covers three separate gentle-
men, Messrs. Andrew, Patrick (afterwards Sir
Patrick), and Christopher, who were all probably one
happy family, whether father and sons, or brothers,
or otherwise related, for they all belonged to the
Blakes (originally of Bally glasmin Park, Gal way), of
Langham Hall, Suffolk. Their membership of the
Jockey Club in each case is undoubted, for Andrew
(who seems to have died about 1761) ran for a
Jockey Club Plate in 1757 and 1758 ; the other two

1773 THE MISTERS 101

(of whom Patrick was created a Baronet in 1772) were
signatories of documents issued by the Jockey Club in
1770 and 1771, and Patrick was a subscriber to the
Jockey Club Cup in 1768. It is pretty certain that
Patrick and Christopher Blake were brothers, and
they were among the most memorable breeders,
owners, and runners of racehorses. To Mr. Christopher
belonged the legendary Firetail (bred, however, by
the ' mad ' Lord Orford, by Squirrel), when that
descendant of the flying Pegasus won the match with
the equally legendary Pumpkin (belonging to the Hon.
Mr. Foley, but bred by the celebrated Mr. John Pratt,
of Askrigg, a member of the Jockey Club), when the
pair are said to have covered the K.M. (which should
have been a distance of one mile and one yard at that
time) in ' one minute four seconds and a half ' (per-
haps arising out of the misprinting of the figures,
1 41 J) ; a fact which, if it were really accomplished,
would go far to render probable the ' mile in a minute '
once attributed to Flying Childers (but never authenti-
cated, and, in modern times, relegated to the domain
of fiction and ' seven-league boots'), and would put
the performances of Prince Charlie, the roaring ' King
of the T.Y.C.,' and of all our modern ' flyers ' (though
bred, it is a common complaint, for mere speed at
the risk of inferior stamina) into impenetrable shade.
This match, after which Firetail was purchased by
Mr. Foley, led to the promulgation of the Order of
the Jockey Club (1773), 'that all Betts between

102 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

Pumpkin and Firetail are null and void, those horses
being now the property of the same gentleman,'
together with a ' Eider ' to the effect that ' all Betts
between two [? or more] horses become null and void
if the horses subsequently become the property of one
and the same person or his avowed confederate.'

The quickest authenticated modern time for the
Eowley Mile is that of Diophantus, in the Two Thou-
sand of 1861 (when the Eowley Mile distance was a
mile and seventeen yards, instead of a mile and one
yard, which would make a very slight difference-
between two and three strides, in fact), when it was
run in 1 min. 45 sees. It must be remembered,
however, that Firetail and Pumpkin were ' rising
four,' and very nearly quite four years old on April 14,
1773 (when racehorses took their ages from May 1,
instead of, as now, January 1), and carried half a
stone less than Diophantus (a true three-year-old in
April 1861, carrying 8 stone 7 lb.), and that the
match was more likely than the general race to be a
test of utmost possible speed. The question is, to
what extent an advantage of both weight and age can
be reckoned upon to augment speed over a given
distance, and it is obvious that the extent is not un-
limited (for speed must depend upon a combination
of length of stride and quickness of recovery, and
these again depend upon faculties which no advantage
of weight and age can render illimitable). Can that
advantage, then, ever be equivalent in point of time,

1773 THE MISTERS 103

in a mile, to some 30 seconds or 40 seconds? It
certainly seems impossible ; for 30 seconds (to suppose
that Diophantus could have gone at the rate of
15 seconds faster at a pinch) would be equivalent to a
third of a mile, and 25 seconds to nearly 500 yards.
Altogether, then, the time attributed to Pumpkin and
Firetail for a mile seems to be utterly incredible.

Sir Patrick Blake was evidently a fine old typical
member of the Jockey Club, for he married (in 1760)
Annabella Bunbury (sister of the celebrated Sir
Charles, himself, as we have seen, divorced), from
whom he was divorced (at her suit) in 1778, and died
in 1784, having served his country as M.P. for Sud-
bury. The divorced lady married George Boscawen,
Esq., of St. Peter's, Isle of Thanet ; and that is a
name redolent of the Turf, and of the late Viscount
Falmouth, a conspicuous member of the Jockey Club.
As regards Mr. Christopher Blake, there is not so
much that is interesting to be recorded; at least
research has not revealed it. There is every reason
to believe, however, that even he was mortal, though
he did win his match by means of the redoubtable
Firetail, though he won a Jockey Club Plate with
Quill in 1771, and though he was a very notable
member of the Jockey Club as a staunch patron of
the Turf and promoter of horse-racing and horse-
breeding. K.I.P.

Mr. BOOTHBY, who naturally (as will appear farther
on) signed the Jockey Club ordinance of 1767 touching

104 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

the exclusion of unauthorised persons from the Coffee
Koom, was a remarkable person in many ways. He
seems to have called himself sometimes Boothby and
sometimes Scrymsher (or Scrymshire),and sometimes
Clopton, or Charles Scrymsher Boothby, or Charles
Boothby Scrymsher, or Charles Boothby Scrymsher
Clopton (for pardonable reasons connected with pro-
perty, no doubt), but the worst of it is that there ap-
pears to have been no agreement about the orthography
of the word beginning with Scr — or Skr — . Per-
haps he did not know how to spell it himself (as seems
to have been commonly the case with gentlemen and
their names in the ' good old times '), but certainly it
is found in print in the forms Scrymsher, Scrymshire,
Scrimshire, and Scrimsher. He was commonly known
as ' Prince ' Boothby, for the reason (says an enemy)
of his inordinate regard for rank and titles (so that
the ' exclusive ' resolution of 1767 would be sure of
his signature) ; and he is said to have carried this
feeling so far that he would drop an Earl for a Duke
without a moment's hesitation. It is even related of
him (or of somebody like him) that he went home
incontinently and cut off his ' pigtail ' one day, because
he had met an illustrious personage, who, being fond
of a joke, had readily agreed to hide his own 'pigtail'
under his coat-collar to see what would be the effect
upon the ' Prince.' But, though he might cut off his
hair, he stuck to his hat, that is, to his form of hat ;
for it is said that he had worn the same sort of hat

1773 THE MISTERS 105

(not the same hat, as some authorities have it, not
being careful to make their meaning clear) for twenty
years, without any change of shape (a ' fad ' which
one would have a difficulty in gratifying nowadays,
when we are at the mercy of imperious firms and
have to wear what we can get, not what we should
like). He, however, made up for his dogged persist-
ency in this little matter by changing his name, as
we have seen, frequently — for substantial considera-
tions, however, of property. At last, having inherited
several estates and worn but one (style of) hat, the
poor gentleman (rather than live any longer among a
hat -changing generation) shot himself, in the year
1800. He was brother to the wife of Mr. Hugo
Meynell (also a member of the Jockey Club), the
* Father of Fox-hunting ' ; and he was probably re-
lated to a Mr. Eobert Boothby who ran racehorses
in the early days of the Jockey Club (1758, for
instance), but he himself is said (by an enemy again)
to have inclined rather towards the ' Board of Green
Cloth ' than towards the Turf, and to have preferred
the impoverishment attainable by the * bones ' at Spa
and elsewhere. At any rate, he has left no signs of
having contributed to the improvement of the English
thoroughbred.

fMr. BOSWELL is ' Jemmy ' Boswell, the Laird of
Auchinlech, the admirer and biographer of Dr. John-
son (whose young friend Sir John Lade was also a
member of the Jockey Club, as we shall see hereafter) .

106 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

* Bozzy ' was probably not a substantive member, but
he is included here (with an obelisk, denoting doubt)
because he expressly declares in his preface to ' The
Cub at Newmarket ' that the verses were ' written in
the Newmarket Coffee Eoom,in which the author, being
elected a member of the Jockey Club, had the happiness
of spending several sprightly good-humoured evenings.'
The date of this statement is 1762, five years before
the rule about admission to the Coffee Koom, and
very likely means no more than that Boswell was
made free of the Booms, for the time of his remaining
at Newmarket, on the introduction of Lord Eglinton,
a sort of neighbour of Boswell's in Scotland. Boswell's
verses begin thus :

' Lord E[glintou]n, who has, you know,
A little dash of whim or so,
Who thro' a thousand scenes will range
To pick up anything that's strange,
By chance a curious Cub had got,
On Scotia's mountains newly caught,
And, after driving him about
Thro' London, many a different rout . . .
Newmarket Meeting being near,
He thought 'twas best to have him there,' &c.

From this it is clear that Boswell was not a serious
candidate for substantive membership.

Mr. BBAND, whose membership of the Club is con-
veniently established by the fact that he ran Glow-
worm (by Eclipse) for a Jockey Club Plate in 1776, is
undoubtedly the Thomas Brand (first cousin to the

1773 THE MISTERS 107

Duke of Kingston), Esq., of The Hoo, Hertfordshire,
one of whose family is mentioned in Walpole's
' Letters ' as among the founders of the Dilettanti
Club, and another of whose family was classed with
Lord Wilton, Mr. Delme-Kadcliffe, and others, as a
great * gentleman-jockey ' in the first half of this cen-
tury. The Mr. Brand here in question is a particu-
larly interesting member of the Jockey Club, because
by his marriage with the Hon. Gertrude Koper (who
succeeded her brother and became Baroness Dacre in
1794 — after Mr. Brand's death, however, in the very
same year) he transmitted the blood of the famous
' patriot ' John Hampden to his descendant, the pre-
sent H. B. W. Brand, the first Viscount Hampden
and twenty-third Baron Dacre, who was formerly the
distinguished Speaker of the House of Commons.
Mr. Brand in his horse-racing was aided and abetted
by his wife, then the Hon. Mrs. Brand, who, for
instance, won a match for 100 guineas with her, or
her husband's, bay mare Baccelli (so called after a
famous ballet-dancer of those times), at Newmarket
First October Meeting, 1776, against Lady Barnp-
fylde (ancestress of the Lords Poltimore) with Fortune-
hunter. As for Glow-worm, with whom Mr. Brand
ran second for a Jockey Club Plate in 1776, he was a
very notable horse, and was sold by Mr. Brand to the
popular French Marquis de Conflans, by whom he
was imported into France, where he was distinguished
both on the race-course (beating King Pepin, Barbary,

108 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

and Cadet, at Fontainebleau) and at the stud (as the
sire of the ' Egalite ' Duke of Orleans' Eouge, Vert,
and other French-bred animals which ran in England,
some of them at two years of age). So that Mr.
Brand was a member of the Jockey Club who deserved
well both of the English and the French supporters
of the Turf.

Mr. BUELTON, whose name is incorrectly given as
' Burton ' in many ' Guides,' and whose membership
of the Jockey Club is established in many ways, espe-
cially by his signature appended to Jockey Club docu-
ments of 1767 and 1769, can be almost certainly
identified as the Philip Burlton, Esq., of Wickham
Mills, Essex, who was * Inspector of Hospitals ' in
Germany during the wars of his day, and is, no doubt,
he of whom Horace Walpole writes as ' my friend, Mr.
Burlton.' He married Frances Marston, a widow,
whose stepfather (Henry Parsons, brother of Alder-
man Humphrey Parsons, of London) left her the
property at Wickham Mills ; and identity of the per-
sons seems to be bewrayed by the appellations of
' Wickham ' and ' Maid of the Mill,' given to a colt
and a filly both ' bred by Mr. Burlton,' and by the
' Burlton' Arabian which stood at ' Wickham Mills,'
1767-9. He bred, owned, and ran Stella (by
Plunder), winner of the Oaks in 1784, and she was
the dam of Statira, the dam of Harpham Lass, dam
of the Tramp mare (imported into France in 1827),
that was the dam (in France) of Odine (by Tigris),

1773 THE MISTEKS 109

that was the dam of Belle-de-Nuit (by Y. Emilius),
that was the dam of the celebrated French sire
Yentre-Saint-Gris. All this is stated because the
dam of Yentre-Saint-Gris has been confounded very
often with an ' Arabian ' Belle-de-Nuit (in a French
stud), and Yentre-Saint-Gris himself has consequently,
but erroneously, been called 'more than half an
Arab.'

Mr. CALVERT is the John Calvert whose name is
appended to a Kesolution of the Jockey Club in 1767,
and had already run Fly (by Merlin) for a Jockey Club
Plate in 1764. He bred the three grey sisters, Her-
mione in 1753 (sold to Mr. Yernon), Young Hermione
in 1759 (sold to Lord March, ' Old Q.'), and again
Hermione in 1763 (sold to Mr. Yernon). He may or
may not have been the * John Calvert, Esq., junior,
secretary to the Lord Chamberlain's Office/ of that
date or thereabouts ; but he was, no doubt, a cadet
of the family of the Lords Baltimore, whose title is
closely connected with horse-racing, travelling, colo-
nising (witness Baltimore, Maryland), fisticuffs, im-
morality, and eccentricity in general.

tMr. CELL, whose name has been obelisked in order
to bring posthumous obloquy upon him, may have
been the pearl of the Jockey Club, whereof his member-
ship is attested by attachment to the document of
1758, but whether he has been the victim of a mis-
print or of something worse, his identification defies
detection. Let him be anathema maranatha.

110 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

*Mr. CODRINGTON, whose membership of the Jockey
Club is attested by the fact that he ran Augur for a
Jockey Club Plate in 1774, is the gentleman who (as
we shall see more fully hereafter) varied the racing
and betting at Newmarket by ' backing his father's
life ' against the like-minded Mr. Robert Pigott's
father's. The said father was Sir W. Codrington,
second Baronet, of Doddington Hall, Gloucestershire,
and the family was of West Indian connection ; for it
was a member of it, Colonel Codrington, of Barbados,
who, as we read in Walpole's ' Letters,' founded the
library at All Souls, Oxford, and, dying at Barbados
in 1710, 'left a large estate for the propagation of
the Gospel ' (not, as young Mr. Codrington would
have preferred, for the propagation of the racehorse),
' and ordered ' (with delightfully ingenuous uncon-
sciousness) ' that three hundred negroes ' (at that
time slaves) ' should always be employed upon it '
(' it,' no doubt, being the estate, not the propagation
of the Gospel, though grammatically applicable to
either). The Colonel was evidently a scholar and a
man of letters ; he wrote Latin verses, which were
published in 'Musse Anglicanse,' and he must have
differed in many respects from the young Mr.
Codrington who betted paternal lives with Mr. Robert
Pigott, jun. It seems not improbable, moreover, that
Sir William (the father of the filial but speculative
young Mr. Codrington) did not approve altogether of
his son's views complimentary as they were to Sir

1773 THE MISTEKS 111

YTilliam' s vital prospects and powers ; for the Baronet
is said to have disinherited his son, and to have left
his property to a nephew, Bethel Codrington (whose
Christian name has a decided smack of ' Little Bethel '
and ' Dissent '), in 1792. On the whole one would be
inclined to conclude that young Mr. Codrington be-
longed less to the bright ornaments of the Jockey
Club than to the category of 'shocking examples,'
which comprised the scurrilous Mr. ' Louse ' Pigott,
the unfortunate Mr. * Chillaby ' Jennings, and some
others, and in more modern times the reckless Lord
Courtenay (afterwards Earl of Devon), and the
memorable young Marquess of Hastings, who 'be-
longed ' to Lady Elizabeth and The Earl.

Mr. COMPTON is the (? Hon.) Mr. Henry Compton,
whose name is appended to the earliest published
Resolution of the Jockey Club in 1758, and he was
apparently identical with the gentleman of whom
' Gilly ' Williams writes to Selwyn, in 1764 : ' Bully's
[Lord Bolingbroke's] affairs thrive in the hands of
Compton ; he wins so much at Newmarket,' &c. He
was one of the noted ' gentlemen-jocks ' of his day,
and is found riding in 1758 against Mr. Anderson,
the Duke of Grafton, Mr. Vernon, Mr. Shafto, and
Lord Orford for a Sweepstakes at Newmarket, ' to be
rode by the owners or other gentlemen/ He was
evidently of Hampshire, how nearly related to the
Earls of Northampton or to the Comptons of Minstead
Manor does not signify. He was apparently the

112 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

owner or importer (or both) of the ' Compton Arabian/
or * Compton Barb,' afterwards known as the * Sedley
Grey Arabian.' So that he was a memorable member
of the Jockey Club.

Mr. CONOLLY (signatory to an agreement of the
Jockey Club in 1771) was the Hon. and Eight Hon.
Thomas, whose wife was Lady Louisa (sister of Lady
Sarah Bunbury and Lady Holland). He belonged to
the family of the Earls of Longford (before the new
creation of 1785), and had a seat at Castletown,
Ireland. He was at the very head of the Irish Turf
in his day, winning Koyal Plates beyond ordinary
powers of calculation with Horatius, Banker, Thumper,
Huncamunca, Aimwell, Eichmond, Arachne, Jolly
Bacchus, Courtezan, Demirep (a chestnut mare, foaled
1772, by Horatius), Fanny, Lenox, Medea, Miss
Fortune, St. Patrick, Shoemaker, Stumbler, Surveyor,
Tigress, &c., including the elegantly named Bum-
brusher. A very notable member of the Jockey Club.

Mr. COXE (or Cox, for the orthography even in
* Hansard' is unsettled), one of the signatories to a
Jockey Club Eesolufcion of 1767, is evidently Eichard
Hippisley Coxe, Esq., M.P., of the Somersetshire
Hippisley Coxes, of whom three at least would appear
to have been at one time among the encouragers of
the local races. He is no doubt the ' Dick Cox '
(or Coxe) of ' Gilly ' Williams and George Selwyn.
Though he owned and ran a great many horses, some
of considerable note, he is not commemorated among

1773 THE MISTERS 113

the great ' Fathers of the Turf.' It would seem
that Coxe Hippisley and Hippisley Coxe are at least
as identical as a horse-chestnut and a chestnut horse,
if J. Coxe Hippisley, member for Sudbury at one
time, was one of them.

Mr. CROFT (or CROFTS, for the name is spelt both
ways, according to the loose orthography of the day),
whose membership is established by reference to the
runners for the Jockey Club Plates of 1756 and 1768,
in which years he ran second with Brilliant and Cato
(by Eegulus) to the Duke of Ancaster, must have
been William Croft (or Crofts), Esq., of West Harling,
Norfolk, who died in 1770. He is a very notable
member of the Jockey Club, not only as an owner
and breeder of horses, but as the reputed ' coach '
upon the Turf of the celebrated Sir T. C. Bunbury,
whose neighbour he was, so far as Norfolk and
Suffolk are neighbouring counties. He is sometimes
confounded with the still more famous Northern
light, Mr. John Croft (or Crofts) of Barforth, York-
shire, of Bloody Buttocks notoriety, proprietor of the
famous Vintner mare of unknown pedigree ; but Mr.
Croft (or Crofts), of Barforth, cannot be found among
the members of the Jockey Club, even if he survived
into the days of the Club.

Mr. DUNCOMBE, who ran for a Jockey Club Plate
(won by the Duke of Ancaster's Myrtle) in 1755, and,
being a great ' gentleman-jockey,' had figured in a
match (owners up) at York in 1745 against Lord

114 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

March (afterwai ds ' Old Q.') at that young nobleman's
first appearance on the Turf, when the commoner (on
Oroonoko) was beaten by the lord (on the geld-
ing Whipper-in), was Thomas Buncombe, Esq., of
Helmsley, or Duncombe Park, York. His patronymic
had originally been Browne, exchanged for Duncombe,
in consequence of a marriage into the family of the
Fevershams of Downton. He, of course, belonged to
the family at which Pope sneered when he wrote :

And Helmsley, once proud Buckingham's delight,

Slides to a Scrivener or a City knight.

Not that the origin of ' proud Buckingham ' himself
was much to boast of, if the Villiers (favourite of
James I.), and not the Bohun, as seems likely, is
referred to ; but Pope would have his sneer, in which
perhaps there is more point than is apparent at a
glance. For it has sometimes been asked, 'Why
Scrivener, as there is no proof that the worthy Mr.
Browne followed the vocation of a scrivener ? ' But
genealogists make out that Thomas Duncombe, M.P.
(whose second son, Charles Slingsby Duncombe, of
Duncombe Park, Helmsley, York, was grandfather of
the first Baron Feversham, of Duncombe Park, born
1784, created Baron 1826), married Miss Sarah
Slingsby, maid of honour to Queen Anne and daughter
of Sir T. Slingsby, of Scriven (whence the malignant
innuendo). However, the Mr. Duncombe with whom
we have here to deal was one of the great breeders
as well as owners and riders, as witness Ked Eose (by

1773 THE MISTEKS 115

the Devonshire Blacklegs), Ceres, Kosebud (dam of Mr.
Wentworth's Myrtle), Indicus, Patch-Buttocks, &c. ;
and his membership of the Jockey Club is hereditarily
reflected in the person of his descendant, the present
(first) Earl of Fever sham, who is by no means an
indifferent or inactive member of the Club, notwith-
standing his advancing age and the unconspicuousness
of his colours upon the Turf.

Mr. FENTON, whose membership of the Jockey
Club was established at least as early as 1763, when
his great horse Engineer (son of Sampson) was beaten
by Mr. Fulke Greville's Dorrimond for a Jockey Club
Plate, was William Fenton, Esq., of Glasshouse,
Leeds, Yorkshire, who would be immortal among
breeders of horses if he had done no more for the cause
than he did when he bred Engineer ; for that horse
was not only a great runner and a greater sire (of
Mambrino, and a host besides) in this country, but
in America his name is treasured as the grandsire of
Messenger (son of Mambrino), the 'father of American
trotters.'

Mr. FENWICK (one of the subscribers to the Jockey
Club Challenge Cup in 1768) was William Fenwick,
Esq., of By well, Northumberland, and was, like Mr.
Fenton, one of the great Northern lights of the Turf
and of the Jockey Club. He owned (but did not
breed) the celebrated Matchem (by whose services he
is said to have cleared 17,000/., a huge sum in those
days), and the celebrated brood-mare Duchess (dam

i 2

116 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

of Le Sang, Dux, &c.) ; and his name was one to
conjure with upon the Turf from the days of his
ancester, Sir John Fenwick, a great Turf-man in the
reigns of James I. and Charles I.

Mr. FETTYPLACE (whose name is appended to a rule
of the Jockey Club in 1770) was Eobert Fettyplace,
Esq., of Earl's Court, Lambourne, Berkshire ; and
Lambourne is almost as redolent as Newmarket of
the Turf. He was aided and abetted in his Turfish-
ness by his wife, the Hon. Mrs. Fettyplace (who was
Charlotte Howe, daughter of Lord Chedworth, a very
horsey and racing strain, as we have seen), but they
have not left very notable traces either in the Calendar
or in the Stud Book, though their horse Nabob (? alias
Flambe, alias Young Drudge) is pilloried for all time in
the records as running for and coming in first for the
Silver Bowl at Salisbury, in 1770, contrary to his
Worship the Mayor's express ruling, who refused to
hand over the * objet d'art ' on the ground that Mr.
or the Hon. Mrs. Fettyplace had not entered their
horse in time. What was the end of the dispute —
whether adhuc sub judice Us est, or whether ^Bacus,
Ehadamanthus, Minos, and the rest of the * Infernal
Bench ' have settled the case is not to be discovered.

Messrs. FOLEY and Fox (of whom the former won
a Jockey Club Plate with Trentham in 1772, and of
whom the latter's membership of the Jockey Club,
though notorious, is less self-evident, because he raced
chiefly in the name of his friend and partner, Mr.

1773 THE MISTERS 117

Foley) were confederates upon the Turf, and were,
respectively, the Hon. Thomas Foley (afterwards Lord
Foley) and the Hon. and Rt. Hon. Charles James Fox
(prince of orators and gamblers).

Lord Foley (second Baron of the second creation)
was one of the ' shocking examples ' of the Jockey
Club. He is said to have begun his career upon the
Turf with about 20,OOOL a year, and 100,OOOL in
ready money ; and before his death (at the age of 51,
in July, 1793) he had been obliged to retire with no
ready money, with his estates dreadfully encumbered,
and with his constitution shattered. He was the
Foley of whom George Selwyn, the wit, remarked,
that ' when he crossed over to France (as he would do
to avoid his creditors) it was a pass-over not at all to
the liking of the Jews.' He was, as it were, the pro-
totype among members of the Jockey Club of the late
unfortunate Marquess of Hastings, even to the closest
similitude of dire humiliation ; for it is reported that
both noble Lords, at the conclusion of their career,
were insolently requested to ' stake down ' if they de-
sired to have a bet with the public ' layers of odds.'

Mr. Fox (who was born in 1749 and died in 1806,
in the same year as Pitt, and just a dozen, or round
dozen, of years after his confederate) is well known
to have been ruined by gambling two or three times
during his life, and, though his splendid political
career is inconsistent with the appellation of * shocking
example ' in his case, yet he was undoubtedly as bad

118 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

a confederate as a gambling young Turfite could have,
and both he and Lord Foley were such members as
the Jockey Club would have been, and always would
be, the better without. The pair, however, had some
excellent horses at various times (including the famous
Pyrrhus as well as the already-mentioned Trentham),
but seem to have regarded them almost entirely as
instruments of gaming. It was, of course, another
Lord Foley who won the Derby in 1806 ; we shall
come to him hereafter.

Mr. GARDINER, whose membership is established
by the fact that he is among the signatories of the
first Jockey Club document (in 1758), is difficult of
identification ; but there is some reason to think that
he belonged to the family of the Gardiners of Eoche
Court, and of Beaurepair, Southampton. As, how-
ever, he is not among the great owners, breeders, and
runners of the Jockey Club, identification is of little
consequence.

Mr. GORGES, whose membership is established by
the horse Juniper (by Babram, son of the Godolphin
Arabian), winner of a Jockey Club Plate in 1760, is
no doubt to be identified with Eichard Gorges (mis-
spelt Gorge, sometimes), Esquire, of Eye Court, Here-
fordshire, who was High Sheriff for the county and
M.P. for Leominster, and died about the beginning
of this century. Mr. Gorges was also the first owner,
if not the breeder, of Sourface (by Lord Cullen's
Arabian), a noted horse, foaled 1753 ; but he was not

1773 THE MISTEKS 119

among the most memorable members of the Jockey
Club. Juniper, by the way, was imported into Vir-
ginia by Colonel Symme.

Mr. GREVILLE (one of the Jockey Club signatories
in 1758) was the Hon. Fulke Greville, or Fulke
Greville, Esquire, a cadet of the house of Brooke and
Warwick, who won Jockey Club Plates in 1758, 1762,
1763, and 1765, with Mirza (by the Godolphin Arabian,
and bred by Lord Godolphin, but sold to Mr. Panton,
then to Mr. Swymmer for 100 guineas, then to Mr.
Greville for 450 guineas, then to Sir J. Lowther for
1,500 guineas), with Prospero, and (1763 and 1765)
with Dorrimond (or Dorimond), sold to Mr. Greville
by the ' Culloden ' Duke of Cumberland. This seems
to have been undoubtedly the Fulke Greville who (as
he was a sportsman) very much astonished our friend
Horace Walpole by writing * Maxims and Characters,'
and whose wife wrote the once well-known ' Ode to
Indifference,' or l Prayer for Indifference.' This Mr.
Greville was evidently a notable member of the Jockey
Club ; and of his house and lineage was another very
notable member of the Jockey Club in more recent
times, the Mr. C. C. Greville, Clerk of the Council,
confederate on the Turf for a time of the great Lord
G. Bentinck.

Mr. HOLMES (or HOLME, according to disputed
orthography) is found among the signatories of the
Jockey Club in 1758, and is apparently identical with
a great Northern breeder of that name, John Holmes

120 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

(or Holme), Esq., of Carlisle, who bred the famous
Matchem, besides Brown Slipby, Bay Slipby, Brown
Starling, Bay Starling, &c., and whose horses were
sold in 1764 at York, To have bred Matchem is fame
enough for a member of the Jockey Club ; if, indeed,
the Mr. Holmes who bred the horse was the same
person as the signatory of the Jockey Club document
of 1758.

Mr. HUTCHINSON is he who ran a brown filly by
Oroonoko for the Jockey Club Plate won by Mr.
Naylor's Sally in 1759 ; but nothing further can be
ascertained about him than that he was certainly not
the Mr. John Hutchinson (ex-stable-boy and then
' Esquire ') of Shipton, near York, and that he was
certainly not so great a Turfite as the latter.

Mr. JENNISON (or JENISON), one of the Jockey Club
signatories in 1758, was Balph Jennison, Esq., of Wai-
worth, Durham, the last of that name among the pro-
prietors of (High) Walworth, and he seems to have been
connected with Messrs. (Jenison and Kobert) Shafto,
who are described as of Whitworth, Durham. He had
been Master of the Staghounds (Buckhounds) to King
George the Second, and M.P. for the Isle of Wight.
At his death, in 1758, his widow is said to have sold
Walworth to Alderman Stephenson of Newcastle, for
16,OOOL, and he to John Harrison, Esq., for a sum
not mentioned. Mr. Jennison owned Collier, by
Locust; Begulus, by Begulus ; Buffler, by Orion;
Now or Never, by Cartouch ; Why Not (late Mr.

1773 THE MISTERS 121

Leonard Hartley's, a great breeder), by Cartoush;
Bashful, by Cartouch ; Tawney (not the famous horse
that ran in Lord March's 'carriage match'), Gran-
tham, Warhawke, &c. ; and he ran his filly Black
Eyes, by Blaze, for a Jockey Club Plate in 1756. In
fact, he ran both in the North and the South, at
Durham, at Ascot, at Newmarket, at Swaffham.

Mr. MABCH, who ran the grey colt Drummer (son
of Driveler or Driver) for a Jockey Club Plate in
1771, can be almost certainly identified as John
March, Esq., of Horsley Park, Huntingdonshire,
whose daughter married in 1785 the Hon. Eichard
Howard (Secretary to Queen Charlotte), brother of
the Earl of Effingham. Mr. March was also a sub-
scriber to the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768,
and signed a Jockey Club ' agreement ' in 1771 ; but
he does not seem to have left a very deep mark upon
the Turf or the pedigrees, though he was temporary
owner of Holyhock (son of Cypron, dam of King
Herod), bred by the ' Culloden ' Duke of Cumberland.

Mr. MEYNELL, who was a signatory of Jockey Club
' ^Resolutions ' of 1758 and 1767, and among the sub-
scribers to the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768,
was Hugo Meynell, Esq., the never-to-be-forgotten
1 Father of Foxhunting.' He was the second son of
Littleton Poyntz Meynell, Esq. (who married Miss
Judith Alleyne, of Barbados), of Bradley, Derbyshire.
Mr. Hugo Meynell was High Sheriff of the county of
Derby in 1758, and was M.P. for Lichfield. He

122 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

was married twice, in 1754 and 1758, his second wife
being a daughter of Thomas Boothby Scrimshire, Esq.,
of Tooley Park, Leicester, and a sister of 'Prince'
Boothby, whose acquaintance we have already made.
Mr. Meynell, who was a friend of Horace Walpole's
(as we know from his ' Letters ') and of Sidney
Smith's, was the very famous Master of the Quorn
Hounds, which, together with Quorndon Hall, were
sold to Lord Sefton in 1800. Mr. Meynell, who died
in 1808, at the age of seventy-three, or, as others say,
eighty-one, was, of course, better known as a hunting
than as a racing and breeding member of the Jockey
Club, and is found running dogs, instead of horses,
sometimes at Newmarket.

Mr. NAYLOE, who won a Jockey Club Plate in 1759
with his famous mare Sally, by Blank, and was a
signatory of Jockey Club ' Eesolutions ' in 1758 and
1770, appears very little upon the scene. The name
seems to point to Mr. Francis Naylor, of Hurstmon-
ceux, Sussex, whose property is understood to have
passed to a Mr. Hare (son of a Bishop of Chichester),
who consequently assumed the name of Naylor.
Whether the family had aught in common with that
of the Mr. K. C. Naylor, so celebrated upon the Turf
in our own day, there is nothing in the records to
show.

Mr. (also Captain and Admiral) NORRIS, one of
the signatories of the Jockey Club document of 1758,
seems to have been Henry Norris, Vice-Admiral, who

1773 THE MISTERS 123

died June 13, 1764, at his house in Grosvenor
Square, and was probably identical with the ' Harry
Norris ' mentioned in a letter of ' Gilly ' Williams to
Selwyn, and with the Admiral Norris whom Walpole
represents to have been anxious to give evidence in
favour of the unfortunate Admiral Byng. The ap-
pearance of an admiral so early among the members
of the Club foreshadows the coming of the Admiral
who, under the name of Eous, was for so many years
the leading spirit of the Club and the Dictator of the
Turf. Admiral Norris, however, has left but little
impression as a member of the Jockey Club.

Mr, OFFT.EY, one of the signatories of the Jockey
Club document in 1758, was almost certainly the
gentleman mentioned in Walpole's ' Letters,' and by
' Gilly ' Williams (in Jesse's * Selwyn '), among the
' fashionables,' including Lord Ashburnham (a member
of the Jockey Club) and ' Tommy ' Pelham, who were
on a visit at Stow in 1764 or thereabouts. He owned
the brown filly (by Oroonoko) that became a noted
brood-mare, dam of Stoic (Lord Eockingham's) ; but
he was not among the most memorable owners and
breeders. That there was a * horsey ' strain in his
family, however, is to be inferred from the chronicles,
which mention ' horse-matches ' between a Mr. Ofley
and a Mr. Izinson (of Northampton) at Newmarket as
early as 1681.

Mr. OGILVY, a subscriber to the Jockey Club Cup
in 1768, a signatory of the Jockey Club documents

124 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

in 1770 and 1771, and runner for a Jockey Club Plate
with Denmark in 1772, is called in the records Charles
Ogilvy, Esq., and his ' harlequin ' colours seem to
point to a connection with the family of the Earls of
Airlie. He was a great Turfite, and the hero of the
match run on May 22, 1772, when he ran his horse
Pincher against Messrs. Foley and Fox (who were
confederates) represented by Trentham and Pyrrhus,
the confederates betting 2,500 guineas to 2,000 guineas
that Pincher would be last. Pincher, on the contrary,
was first, though the betting at the start was 6 to 4
that Pincher was last. However, the match was run
over again the next year at the Newmarket Craven
Meeting (April 2) on the same terms (8 stone 7 Ib.
each, B.C.), the confederates betting 500 guineas, even
this time, that Pincher was last ; the betting at the
start was 5 to 2 that Pincher was last, and he was
last. Was it ' the riding that did it ' ?

The name of * OTTLEY covers two gentlemen, pro-
bably father and son, both conspicuous on the Turf,
designated respectively as William Ottley, Esq., and
William Ottley, jun., Esq., ' of Cambridge.' They
belonged to the West Indian patrons of the Turf, as
they ' hailed ' from the Island of St. Christopher ;
and one of them ran Portius (by Cato) for a Jockey
Club Plate in 1770, so that he was certainly a member
of the Jockey Club. Whether they were both members
is not so easily determined. He who ran Portius for
the Jockey Club Plate owned the Cade mare (dam by

1773 THE MISTERS 125

Hip) that bred (for Mr. Ottley) Corsican, Portias,
Cassandro (a colt), Hengrave, and Grand Seignior ;
but the name of Ottley has not remained in evidence
to any great extent.

Mr. PANTON, a subscriber to the Jockey Club Cup
in 1768, and to nearly all the early * orders ' of the
Jockey Club, was Thomas Panton, Esq., of Newmarket,
the ' polite Tommy ' Panton, whose father had been
' keeper of the King's running horses at Newmarket,'
and whose sister Mary married the third Duke of
Ancaster and was Mistress of the Eobes. Both the
Pantons were great upon the Turf. The elder, whom
Horace Walpole calls ' a disreputable horse-jockey
named Panton,' died in 1750 at the age of eighty- two,
and the younger died in 1809 at the great age of
eighty-seven or eighty-eight. It was the younger, the
member of the Jockey Club who won the Derby with
Noble, by Highflyer, in 1786, and was the owner, if
not the importer or breeder, of the Panton Arabian,
sire of Virago, dam of Hollandaise, winner of the
first properly called St. Leger, in 1778.

Mr. (Colonel and General) PABKER, one of the
signatories of a Jockey Club document in 1767, and of
the subscribers to the Jockey Club Cup in 1768,
is made out to have been the Hon. George Lane
Parker, second son of the second Earl of Macclesfield.
If so, he was born in 1724, married the widow of Sir
Cottrell Dormer in 1782, and died September 1791.
He was an officer in the Guards, and was at one time

126 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

M.P. for Tregony. He is not to be confounded with
another Mr. Parker (afterwards Lord Boringdon) , who
was also a member of the Jockey Club, and was more
distinguished upon the Turf. To him we shall come
hereafter.

Mr. PIGOTT, who is upon the list of subscribers to
the Jockey Club Cup, and is a signatory of the Jockey
Club documents in 1769 and 1771, was Kobert Pigott,
junr., Esq., of Chetwynd Park, Salop, and of Ches-
terton Hall, Hunts, the gentleman who has already
been mentioned as ' backing ' his father's life at
Newmarket against young Mr. Codrington's father's ;
whence arose a curious decision of Lord Mansfield's.
The case is probably well-known, but will bear repeti-
tion. It so happened that Mr. Eobert Pigott, senr.,
was already dead at the very time when the aforesaid
bet was made, but the news of the death had not
reached Newmarket, nor was it so much as suggested
that either of the bettors knew of the death, or had
any suspicion of it. When, however, Mr. Eobert
Pigott, junr., heard of his father's death, and found
by calculation that it must have taken place before
the bet was made, so that he had no chance of win-
ning, he refused to pay. Meanwhile Mr. Codrington
had transferred his bet to Lord March, afterwards
1 Old Q.,' a very awkward customer to deal with, who
appealed to the law, which did not then ignore wagers,
and won his case ; Lord Mansfield, before whom it
came, deciding that ' the impossibility of a contingency

1773 THE MISTERS 127

is no bar to its becoming the subject of a wager when
the impossibility is unknown to both parties.' This
queer decision is of no consequence now that ' all
contracts by way of wagering are void ' in law ; but
obviously the accepted rule that ' you cannot win
when you cannot lose ' is the only safe and fair one.
The ' impossibility of the contingency ' may generally
be proved without difficulty ; but, especially in these
days of rapid communication, it is not so easy to
make sure that the impossibility was unknown at a
given time to some interested person or persons.
Mr. E. Pigott, member of the Jockey Club, is said to
have been so alarmed by the aspect of affairs in
America (1768-71) that he sold his estates (or as
much of them as he could) for much less than they
were worth, and retired to Geneva. Certainly there
was a sale of his horses, conducted by Mr. Pond, the
auctioneer, at Newmarket in 1772 ; and he died at
Thoulouse in July, 1794, having married abroad and
had an only son, who died before him. According to
a writer in the ' Sporting Magazine ' (about 1821 or
1822), he was the eldest of three brothers (as he
undoubtedly was), and the three were called respec-
tively, * Shark ' Pigott (from a famous horse), ' Louse '
Pigott (for a reason to be given hereafter), and
1 Black ' Pigott (presumably out of respect for ' the
cloth,' for he was a parson) ; but more will be said
upon this subject when we come to the younger
brother, Charles (alias ' Louse ') Pigott.

128 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

Mr. PRATT, whose membership of the Jockey Club
is established from several other sources besides the
group of subscribers to the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup in 1768, was the celebrated John Pratt, Esq.,
of Askrigg, Wensleydale, Yorkshire, probably the first
case, and undoubtedly one of the very few cases, of a
plebeian admitted to the Jockey Club ; that is to say,
with the plebeian stamp so very fresh. For — tell it
not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Ascalon
— his father is said to have risen to be a hackney-
coach driver (from the condition of ostler), and then a
hackney-coach proprietor, and ultimately a small
landed proprietor near Askrigg. The future member
of the Jockey Club, however, was sent to the Uni-
versity of Cambridge, where, no doubt, he was affected
by the neighbourhood of Newmarket, and where he
studied after the fashion described in some once well-
known verses :

At Trin. Coll. Camb., which means in proper spelling
Trinity College, Cambridge, there resided

One Henry Dashington, a youth excelling
In all the learning commonly provided,

That is to say that he could drive a tandem,

etc., etc.

Mr. Pratt, who died at Newmarket May 8, 1785,
was so respected that somebody wrote an epitaph or
elegy, rather longer than the High Street, to com-
memorate his vicissitudes and virtues. He never had
more than 700Z. a year, it is stated, from the estate

1773 THE MISTERS 129

left to him by his father, but for some forty years (the
duration of his career upon the Turf) he kept up a
handsome house, large stabling, vast paddocks, twenty
domestic servants, a pack of hounds, huntsman, whip-
pers-in, numerous excellent hunters, and an extensive
stud of racehorses (whereof the most successful were
bred from the famous Squirt mare, bred by the Duke
of Bolton, and purchased from Mr. Hammond, in
Cumberland, about 1754) ; but then he married a
Miss Hammond, of Naburn, near York, and she
brought him a handsome fortune, which, of course,
helped to keep him afloat, insomuch that, at his
death, his friends were delighted, his enemies were
dumbfounded, and the indifferent were surprised to
find that, when his stud and other properties were sold,
he had died not only solvent (as to which there had
been a general and a considerable doubt), but with ' a
very respectable surplus ' over his liabilities. The
worthy gentleman's death is supposed to have been
hastened in so curious a manner that the story
deserves to be told. Intelligence reached him that a
horse which he had sold to a certain persoja for a
certain sum had been resold to the Prince of Wales
(George IV., who always paid, or at any rate promised
to pay, far too much) for a great deal more. The
shock, it is said, was fatal. Of course this is the Mr.
Pratt who is gazetted as having won the St. Leger in
1782 with Imperatrix (bred by the Kev. Mr. Good-
ricke and very likely his property, run in Mr. Pratt 's

180 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

name only), and he owned (at any rate at the time of
his death) The Euler, winner of the St. Leger of
1780 in the name of Mr. William Bethell, of Eise,
Holdernesse, a real old Yorkshire gentleman, who
was confederated with Mr. Pratt, and may very well
have been himself a member of the Jockey Club,
though there is no proof that he was (and the mem-
bership of Mr. Pratt would be ' enough for two ' ) .
Of this Mr. Bethell it was remarked, at his death in
July 1799, that he had * never discharged a servant,
never raised a rent, and never turned out an old
tenant.' It is a pity that his name cannot be claimed
for the Jockey Club.

Mr. EEAD, one of the signatories of the Jockey
Club documents in 1758, is presumed to have been
Wilberforce Eead, Esq., of Grimthorpe, near Market
Weighton, Yorkshire, who is described as a gentleman
of good family but small means, but ' moving in the
first circles.' His chief title to commemoration is
that he introduced to the Turf the celebrated jockey,
John Singleton, sen.

Mr. SCOTT, one of the Jockey Club signatories of
1758, was almost certainly the gentleman whom
Horace Walpole mentions as a Captain Scott, who, in
1755, won a vast sum of money at hazard from the
unfortunate Sir John Bland, of Kippax Park, Skipton,
Yorks, and who apparently developed into the ' cele-
brated General Scott,' whose daughters became
Duchess of Portland, Viscountess Downe, and Vis-

1773 THE MISTEES 181

countess Canning, almost throwing into the shade
the 'lucky Burrells' of the Gwdwyr family. He
seems to have been identical with the General Scott,
M.P., who was so staunch a supporter of Warren
Hastings (himself, it is said, though not proved, a
member of the Jockey Club). It is undoubtedly he
whom ' Old Q.' (when Earl of March) mentions in his
correspondence with Selwyn, and it seems to have
been he who, when Mr. Panton betted that the
General's horse would be last in a race for which the
horses were just going to the post, took the bet
promptly, rode off after the horses, was just in time to
overtake them, and ordered his jockey to * pull/ This
was done ; and, as will readily be believed, is said to
have led to a ' dispute.' But it was smart.

*Mr. SELWYN, whose name is attached to Jockey
Club ' Kesolutions ' in 1767, and whose membership
is also attested by a letter to him from Lord Holland
of about the same date, remarking upon Selwyn's
refusal * to sign at the Jockey Club,' is George Selwyn,
Esq., the celebrated wit, and his name bears the
asterisk, as he was one of the * West Indian J members
(having property and holding a sinecure office in
Barbados, besides various little lucrative appointments
under Government, such as were then conferred upon
favourites by what would be now denounced as 'jobs').
It is not to be discovered that he ever ran a racehorse
in his own name, though he may very well have had
a share in one or more belonging to his intimate

* 2

182 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

friend Lord March (' Old Q.,' with whom he was sup-
posed to share the responsibility for the birth, so
far as paternity was concerned, of Maria Fagniani,
Marchioness of Hertford), or that he delighted much
in Newmarket ; for we learn from Jesse's ' Selwyn '
that he was * chaffed ' by a correspondent about being
a blind guide for some Frenchmen who paid a visit to
Newmarket and had Selwyn for their cicerone. Still,
he was evidently an active member of the Club, as
his signature to the ' Resolutions ' shows ; and he
probably betted on horse-racing, for we find from his
correspondence that he was f dunned ' both by Mr.
Jenison Shafto and by Lord Derby, great horse-racers,
for money due to them, though it may have been lost
at play and not on the Turf. Selwyn' s wonderful
popularity and strange hankering after scenes of
death are both illustrated by the story told of Lord
Holland, who, being very near his end, and hearing
that Selwyn had called upon him and had not been
admitted, is reported to have said : * Should Mr.
Selwyn come again, show him up. If I am alive, I
should like to see him ; and, if I am dead, he will like
to see me.' Selwyn was a welcome visitor at Good-
wood House, and there it was his rare luck (in 1733)
to look upon the (well preserved) face of the notorious
Madame de la Querouaille (Duchess of Portsmouth),
then between eighty and ninety years of age, and not
much more dilapidated or a whit more ashamed than
Ninon de 1'Enclos at about the same age. In the

1773 THE MISTERS 183

very next year, if the authorities err not, Selwyn would
have been too late, for the Duchess (of Portsmouth in
England and d'Aubigny in France) is said to have
died in 1734. Selwyn, who was M.P. for Ludgershall
at one time, and during many years for Gloucester,
and whose lovely country-seat called Matson, full of
historic and romantic memories, is known far and
wide by name to lovers of picturesque antiquity, him-
self died in 1791, and, though he had been a viveur,
is said to have been one of those members of the
Jockey Club who have ' made a good end.'

The name of SHAFTO covers two great Turfites and
members of the Jockey Club, Messrs. Jenison and
Robert, both sometimes styled l Captain/ supposed to
have been brothers. Jenison is the greater, Robert
the lesser.

JENISON SHAFTO, Esq., of Whitworth, Durham,
and of West Wratting, near Newmarket, was a sub-
scriber to the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768.
It was he who is said to have cleared 16,OOOZ. in bets
by riding 50 miles at Newmarket in 1759 in 1 hour,
49 minutes, 17 seconds, using ten horses for the task,
having been allowed two hours and as many horses
as he pleased. It was he who in 1761 backed a Mr.
Woodcock (using as many horses as he pleased, not
exceeding 29), for a wager of 1,000 guineas a side
(laid with the famous Mr. Hugo Meynell) to ride
2,900 miles in 29 successive days, that is, 100 miles
a day on one and the same horse. Mr. Woodcock

184 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

accomplished the feat at Newmarket, but by the
skin of his teeth ; for on one of the days the horse he
was riding broke down after going 60 miles, and Mr.
Woodcock had to begin all over again on a fresh horse,
so that he rode 160 miles on that day. Mr. Jenison
Shafto, who was an ornament of the Legislature (M.P.
for different places at different times) as well as of
the Turf and of the Jockey Club, appears to have
died about 1770 ; at any rate his Stud was sold by
auction at Newmarket by Mr. Pond, Oct. 5, 1771.

Mr. EGBERT SHAFTO, whose membership of the
Jockey Club is established by Tandem, beaten by
PotSos for a Jockey Club Plate in 1780 (in which year
Mr. Shafto, who had, no doubt, been a member of the
Club for some years previously, seems to have died on
June 11), is also described as of Whitworth, Durham,
and of West Wratting, Cambs. He was also a mighty
' gentleman-jockey,' but did not attain, apparently, to
the height of Mr. Jenison ; and he appears also to
have been M.P. as well as horse-breeder, horse-owner
and horse-racer, and to have belonged to what was
known as the great ' Northumberland Confederacy,'
consisting of Messrs. Swinburne and Shafto (brothers),
all members of the Jockey Club.

Mr. SORYMSHEB (v. BooTHBY) is the same person
as ' Prince Boothby.'

Mr. SHIRLEY, whose signature is appended to
Jockey Club Resolutions ' of 1767 and 1771, was the
Hon. Thomas Shirley, belonging to the family of the

1773 THE MISTERS 135

Earls Ferrers (one of whom, not a member of the
Jockey Club, came to be hanged). Mr. Shirley, or
Captain Shirley (as he is sometimes called), was a
great 'gentleman-jockey,' and won at Newmarket a
match in 1764 (on his horse Komeo) against Mr.
Blake (on his horse Babram) over the B.C., in April,
and at the same meeting another match (again on his
own horse Eomeo) against Mr. Payne (on his own
horse Heart-of-Oak), five times over the E.G. (more
than 15 miles). As, however, he evidently had bro-
thers or near relations (of whom the Hon. George
Shirley ran Papist for a Jockey Club Plate in 1775,
and must therefore have been a member of the Club)
running horses at the same time, it is a little difficult
sometimes to discriminate between them. But he
was certainly a notable patron of the Turf and mem-
ber of the Jockey Club.

Mr. SKEYHSHEE, v. SKEYMSHIBE or SCEYMSHEE, and
BOOTHBY, for the orthography of this name is very
various.

Mr. W. SMITH (a notoriously difficult patronymic
to deal with) is he who subscribed to the Jockey Club
' Eesolutions ' of 1771, and was undoubtedly a General
Smith (he, no doubt, who was known as * India-
General Smith,' and is frequently met with in ' Han-
sard's Debates,' as he was a prominent M.P.). He is
reported to have secured ' loot ' to the handsome
amount of 150,OOOL during his service in India.
According to ' Louse ' Pigott (himself, as will appear

136 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

hereafter, a member of the Jockey Club at one time),
' the old General ' was one of the very plebeian
members of the Jockey Club, having in early life
(according to that same somewhat doubtful authority)
* carried cheeses on his head ' to his father's cus-
tomers. The 'old General' kept his 'Arabian,' and
ran the laborious Eosaletta and many good horses
and mares. According to Pigott, the son of the ' old
General,' called the 'young General,' was also a
member of the Jockey Club — at least he is included in
the personages of Pigott's scurrilous ' Jockey Club ' ;
but there is no tangible proof of his membership,
which, however, is by no means improbable.

Mr. SMITH-BAEEY is made out to have been the
Hon. John Smith-Barry (whose son, Mr. James Hugh
Smith-Barry, born 1748, bore a name which tells
still more plainly the story of his father's alliance with
an heiress), youngest son of the fourth or fifth Earl
of Barrymore, and a relative (whether uncle or other)
of the three brothers, ' Cripplegate,' ' Newgate,' and
' Hellgate,' already mentioned. . Mr. Smith-Barry,
as has been said, married one of the two co-heiresses
of the millionaire Mr. Hugh Smith, and is described
as of Foaty Island, county Clare, and of Marbury
Hall, Belmont, Cheshire. He seems to have been
born about 1725, and to have died about 1784 ; and
to have been a breeder, owner, and runner of race-
horses on a large scale and with no little success —
witness All Fours (by Kegulus), Amaranthus (by Old

1773 THE MISTERS 187

England), Forester (by Dionysius), Eagamuffin (by
Northumberland), &c., &c. ; and he is credited with two
' Arabians ' at least — a grey and a chestnut. He ran
Amaranthus unsuccessfully for the Jockey Club Plate
won by the Hon. Mr. Foley with Trentham in 1772,
and was a very notable member of the Jockey Club.

Mr. STAPLETON, a subscriber to the Jockey Club
Challenge Cup in 1768, was Thomas Stapleton, Esq.,
of Carlton, near Snaith, Yorkshire, one of the Northern
lights of the Turf and of the Jockey Club. He has
already been mentioned in connection with Sir Thomas
Gascoigne, whose confederate he was upon the Turf,
and with whose family he was allied by marriage. It
was in his name (not Sir T. Gascoigne's) that Tommy
(by Wildair) won the St. Leger of 1779 ; and it was in
his name that Parlington (so named after Sir T.
Gascoigne's place in Yorkshire) ran for the Jockey
Club Plate won by Lord Sherborne's (Mr. Button's)
Spectre in 1784. Mr. Stapleton was an ancestor of
the Lords Beaumont of our day, if he was not the
very gentleman who established his right to the title
after a period of abeyance.

Mr. STRODE, whose membership, no doubt, com-
menced at an earlier date than 1775, when it is
established by his running Bon Yivant for a Jockey
Club Plate, is described in the records as Edward
Strode, Esq., * of Berkshire,' and sometimes as ' Cap-
tain' Strode (with customary orthographical varia-
tions, such as Stroud). He was a great owner and

188 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

runner, and seems to have laid himself out to become
the temporary possessor of every noted horse of his
day ; and among them the celebrated Priestess (bred
by the Kev. Mr. Hewgill, of Hornby Grange, North-
allerton, Yorkshire), by Matchem, and the great
Paymaster (ex-Jesmond), sire of Paragon. There is
some reason to think that he belonged to the Strodes,
of whom one married a sister of the then Lord
Salisbury, and was M.P. for Eeading; and he not
improbably could claim relationship with the Strode
who was one of the famous * five members.' He was
for awhile a brilliant meteor upon the Turf, but he
disappears as abruptly and as unnoticed from the
records as if, in the expressive American phrase, he
had 'gone under'; an ending very likely to have
been brought about by his apparently reckless expen-
diture.

Mr. SWINBURNE, in whose name Alipes (dam of
Lord Grosvenor's Grasshopper and Imogen) won a
Jockey Club Plate in 1761, was William Swinburne,
Esq., of Long Witton, Northumberland, belonging to
a very ancient and distinguished family, and con-
spicuous as one of the very great Northern lights of the
Turf, the head of the famous ' Northumberland Con-
federacy,' which did great execution on the race-courses
both North and South, and owned the famous Wildair
(son of Cade), imported temporarily by Colonel
Delancey into America (where he became the sire of
many celebrated horses and mares), but re-purchased

1773 THE MISTERS 139

by Mr. Leedes, of North Milford, Yorkshire. Mr.
Swinburne bred Sprightly (sire of Pyrrhus), whose
fate resembled that of Mr. I'Anson's celebrated Queen
Mary, and was not unlike that of the once despised
Marske (till he begot Eclipse) and of Squirt (sire of
Marske and Syphon, after narrowly escaping being
shot as worthless) ; for Sprightly, at seventeen years
of age (in 1771, the very year in which Pyrrhus first
appeared at Newmarket and began his victorious
career), was sold for ten guineas to a miller (who used
him as a cadging horse), was repurchased by Mr.
Swinburne (after the appearance of Pyrrhus) for
twelve guineas, and a fortnight afterwards had 500
guineas offered for him, which Mr. Swinburne refused.
Pyrrhus, however, like Mark Anthony, Conductor,
Pantaloon, and, in more modern tunes, Melbourne
and Touchstone, was a ' first foal ' (against which
there is still some unreasonable prejudice), and may
have been more indebted to his dam (a Snip mare)
than to his sure for the excellence he displayed. In
any case, there was much reason in the remark of
the philosopher who propounded that ' Natur's a
rum un.'

* Mr. SWYMMEB, who won a Jockey Club Plate with
Standby (son of Shepherd's Crab) in 1758, and thus
proved his membership of the Jockey Club, was
Anthony Langley Swymmer, Esq., M.P. for South-
ampton, and one of the ' West Indians ' apparently,
for he died in Jamaica in 1760. He was fairly great

140 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

on the Turf, and he married into a racing family,
having espoused a daughter of Sir J. Astley and
sister to the Countess of Tankerville. The very year
after Mr. Swymmer's death his widow married Sir
F. Vincent, and that is all that can be discovered
about this member of the Jockey Club.

Mr. VARBY, signatory of the Jockey Club ' Eesolu-
tion ' in 1769, is made out to have been William
Varey, Esq., familiarly called * Billy Varey ' in
Selwyn's correspondence, where he is mentioned in
conjunction with * Bet Thompson and Charley Price '
as likely to be (as he was) a pall-bearer at the funeral
of Lord Bath (Pulteney). He is himself one of
Selwyn's correspondents, and he seems to have been
of Ixworth Abbey, near Bury, Suffolk, all in the way,
as it were, to Newmarket and the Jockey Club. It was
probably he who in 1769 was appointed ' Superinten-
dent of all His Majesty's gardens belonging to all and
any his Koyal palaces in England.' Mr. Varey, how-
ever, does not seem to have left his mark upon the
history of the Turf or of the Jockey Club.

Mr. VEENON, whose membership of the Club is
plain from a hundred pieces of evidence, among
which it will suffice to mention that he won one of
the two Jockey Club Plates of 1753 (the year of the
Club's first appearance at Newmarket), was Eichard
Vernon, sometimes styled (erroneously, apparently)
the Hon. Eichard Vernon, and sometimes Captain
Vernon (correctly, as he began life in the Guards),

1773 THE MISTERS 141

whom Horace Walpole frequently mentions, sometimes
under the style and title of Mr. ' Jockey ' Vernon.
He lived at Newmarket, and was the * oracle of
Newmarket ' ; and it was he whose tenants certain
members of the Jockey Club became when he built
the rooms which the Club rented in 1771. He bred,
owned, and ran almost innumerable horses ; he
possessed, if he did not import, the useful Vernon
Arabian (sire of the dam of Emigrant, winner of the
July Stakes, 1796) ; he won the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup, the first year of asking, in 1768, with Marquis
(son of the Godolphin Arabian) ; and he won the
Oaks with Annette (by Eclipse) in 1787. Nor did Mr.
Vernon confine himself to the improvement of the
thoroughbred at Newmarket ; he was a notable breeder
of peaches, and acquired quite a great reputation for
his treatment of them .

It was with Mr. Vernon, at Newmarket, that Hoi-
croft, the dramatist, served his apprenticeship as a
stable-boy (by way of preparation for dramatic litera-
ture), and, whilst in that service, the future playwright
is represented to have seen that determined struggle
(over the B.C. for 500 guineas a side, in 1759 appa-
rently) between Mr. Jenison Shafto's Elephant and
Mr. Vernon' s Forester, on which occasion, according
to Holcroft, Forester, finding himself beaten, ' made
one sudden spring, and caught Elephant by the under
jaw, which he gripped so violently as to hold him
back.' No match between Elephant and Forester

142 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

later than 1759 can be found in the records (such a3
are at hand to consult), and Holcroft says that it took
place ' about a year and a half ' after he took service
with * Captain ' Yernon at Newmarket, whereas Mr.
Christie Whyte (whose misprints, however, are as the
sand upon the sea-shore for multitude) says that
Holcroft did not enter the service until after 1760.
However, no doubt Holcroft did see a case of ' savag-
ing,' between those very two horses, perhaps ; but the
' holding back,' as Forester certainly lost (and not
apparently ' on a foul '), is rather a strain on credulity,
and one cannot help thinking that Holcroft, when he
wrote his * Memoirs ' (edited by W. Hazlitt), put in a
few ' dramatic touches ' under the influence of a long
course of play- writing. Perhaps it is not to be taken
more literally than the story about Mr. Vernon him-
self and the * automatic extinguisher,' which he is
said to have had erected by way of sounding-board to
the pulpit of his parish church at Newmarket, and
which was warranted to come down over the parson's
head if he preached for more than a certain tolerable
number of minutes.

Mr. Vernon belonged politically to what was known
as * the Bloomsbury gang,' which accounts for his
sitting in Parliament (on the nomination of the Duke
of Bedford) as M.P. for Tavistock and for Bedford, as
well as for Okehampton, and for his obtaining the
office of Clerk of the Board of Green Cloth, as well as
for the bestowal of his name upon Vernon Place,

1773 THE MISTERS 143

Bloomsbury Square. Mr. Vernon married the
Countess-Dowager of Upper Ossory in 1759, and died
in 1800, at the great age of 85. One of his daughters
married Lord Warwick, and another Mr. Eobert
Percy Smith. Mrs. K. P. Smith was the mother of
the Et. Hon. Mr. Vernon Smith, of munificent me-
mory. About ' Mr. Vernon, the jockey,' Horace Wai-
pole tells a curious story to illustrate ' the honour of
the young men of the age.' Mr. Vernon, in 1752,
was proposed for ' Old ' White's Club, and was black-
balled, though of the twelve members present eight
had promised him their votes, and after the ballot ten
' assured him on their honour that they had put in
ivhite balls.' It must be concluded that the remaining
two were his own proposer and seconder : so that the
result was certainly curious.

Mr. WABDB (or WARD, for so sometimes, but appa-
rently contrary to orthography, it is spelt) must have
been the gentleman who ran Habit for a Jockey Club
Plate in 1760 ; Fairplay for a Jockey Club Plate in
1767 ; and Cleaver (by Warde's, or Ward's, Arabian)
for a Jockey Club Plate in 1772 ; and he again must
have been John Warde, Esq., of Squerries (where
Warde's, or Ward's, Arabian stood in 1767), Kent.
He was the father of ' glorious John ' Warde (who
was probably and inferentially, but not quite demon-
strably, himself a member of the Jockey Club, and
ran the significantly named Adieu-to-the-Turf at Can-
terbury in 1778, meaning, apparently, that he would

144 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

thenceforward devote his money, his talents, and what
he was pleased to call his mind to the more congenial
pursuits of hunting and mail-coach driving), the
famous Nimrod and Jehu, who drove a mail-coach for
so many years to so much admiration. The family,
though settled in Kent, was of * horsey ' Yorkshire by
origin, and the elder of this noble pair, having been
twice married (the second time to an heiress), died in
1775, leaving one son (and, if there be no mistake, a
great many daughters), known in sporting circles as
' glorious John.' The younger of the noble pair, the
said < glorious John,' was born in 1753, and died in
1838. He was High Sheriff of Kent, M. F. H., and
is commemorated by admiring chroniclers as an un-
failing attendant, almost to the day of his death, at
Messrs. Tattersall's ' Monday dinners,' at which he
would distinguish himself by his manner of tossing off
the contents (port wine) of a silver fox-head, holding
nearly a pint and precluding * heel-taps,' at the end
of a banquet (whereat much other liquor had been
' punished '), and then rising ' steady as a rock ' and
refusing, in the small hours of the morning, to leave
' until he had gone up to the drawing-room to bid
Mrs. Tattersall good-night ' (much to the dismay and
dread, no doubt, of the worthy lady, who would, pro-
baby, have dispensed gladly with the alarming cere-
mony and questionable compliment). The Warde
Arabian is not quite unknown in the pedigrees ; and,
according to Bruce's American Stud Book, the elder

1773 THE MISTEKS 145

of the Messrs. Ward's Antaeus (by Spectator) went to
America and stood there (at Jacksonborough, South
Carolina) in 1771, but has not become famous as a
progenitor (even if he was thoroughbred, which is by
no means certain).

Mr. WARREN, who won a Jockey Club Plate in
1761 with Sportsman (by Cade), is to be identified
with John Borlase Warren, Esq., of Stapleford,
Notts, whose second Christian name is traceable to
Sir John Borlase, of Cornwall. Mr. Warren was
plainly related (whether as father, uncle, cousin, or what
not) to the celebrated Admiral John Borlase Warren
(died 1822), who came in for the Stapleford property,
and whose name and profession (whether there be
any lineal descent or not) are combined in the person
of the present gallant Captain J. B. Warren, of H.M.S.
Rodney. The Mr. Warren of the Jockey Club was
one of the great guns of the Turf ; he bred not only
Sportsman (sire of the celebrated Sportsmistress,
dam of the great PotSos), but Careless (by Eegulus),
Fearnought (sent to America in 1764, by Eegulus),
and a colt by Cade (sent to America in 1762 and
there called Cade), all from the same mare, Silvertail
(by Mr. Heneage's Whitenose), also bred by him.
From the ' horsey ' point of view, at any rate, he was
a credit to the Turf, to the Jockey Club, and to his
horse-breeding county of Nottingham.

Mr. WASTELL, whose membership of the Jockey
Club at an early period of its existence is explicitly

L

146 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

declared by Pigott and inferentially attested in many
ways, and who was also (as many other members
of the Jockey Club were) a member of * Brookes's,'
was John Wastell, Esq., of Eisby, near Bury St.
Edmunds (but originally of Eaglescliff, Yarm, York-
shire), where he died in 1811 at the age of seventy-five.
He was a perfect ' Talleyrand of the Turf ' (as appears
from what is said about him in the hackneyed * Eeceipt
to make a Jockey,' wherein he and his 'advice' are
mentioned among the ' ingredients ') ; and, as for
horse-breeding (with which he combined a great deal
of horse-racing), it will suffice to say that he bred
the famous Conductor (though he ran in Mr. Pratt's
name), Ainderby (sold to Lord Bolingbroke and then
to Lord Clermont), and Alfred (sold to Lord Boling-
broke), all by the famous Matchem from a Snap mare
(bred by the Duke of Kingston in 1762 and sold at
an early age to Mr. Wastell). He won the Oaks in
1802 with Scotia (by Delpini, a wonderful horse that
never shed his coat during the last three years of his
life, presenting so curious an appearance as to have
suggested — it is supposed — to the enterprising show-
man a hint for evolving and exhibiting the ingeniously-
contrived phenomenon of the * woolly horse '). Mr.
Wastell was, according to credible accounts, one of
the happy few who have ' made a good thing ' (as one
of ' the talent,' not of ' the ring ') by the Turf and
its concomitants (including betting) . He was ' horsily '
connected, too, for a Miss Wastell married the gallant

1773 THE MISTEKS 147

General Philip Honywood, proprietor of Hollywood's
White Arabian (alias Sir Charles Turner's White
Turk, alias Sir W. Strickland's Turk), sire of the
famous ' Two True Blues.' Mr. Wastell, then, from
the ' horsey ' point of view, was a worshipful member
of the Jockey Club, though, according to scurrilous
Mr. Pigott, he was too much attached to ' ale and
tobacco,' to vulgar associates, and ' a fat greasy
housekeeper,' and ' never once betrayed a symptom
of charity or benevolence.' It would clearly have
been lost time to try on Mr. Wastell the hoax lately
perpetrated, with qualified success, upon two present
eminent Turfites, Lords Dudley and Eosslyn, of whom
the former is a lately elected member of the Jockey
Club, and the latter is the son of a late member.

Mr. WENTWOKTH, subscriber to the Jockey Club
Challenge Cup in 1768 and winner of a Jockey Club
Plate in 1785 with Eockingham (ex-Camden), was
the renowned Peregrine Wentworth, Esq., who died at
Towlstone (or Tolstone) Hall, Yorkshire, August 30,
1809, aged eighty-eight, and was the founder of
the fortunes of Mr. John Hutchinson (the ex-stable-
boy) in the training business, and of the celebrated
Mr. Leonard Jewison, in the jockeying business.
Mr. Wentworth, whose membership of the Jockey
Club is, so to say, perpetuated by the Fitzwilliams
at the present time, was famous not only for his
racehorses, but also for his hunters; not only for
his successes on the Turf (as confederate for a time

L 2

148 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

with Sir Lawrance Dundas, progenitor of the spotty '
Earls of Zatland), but for his performances with
hounds; nDt only for the thoroughbreds he possessed,
but for the valuable paintings (representing sporting
subjects of various kinds, and including a portrait of
the notorious Mr. Tregonwell Frampton and a view
of the Earl of March's, that is, ' Old Q.'s,' famous
* carriage-match ') he had collected. His feat in
1759, when at the peril of his own life (so well worth
living with his many advantages) he saved Miss Howe
from imminent drowning, after a run with the hounds,
(in the melancholy fashion of Sir C. Slingsby of the
York and Ainsty in later days), when his liberal offers
had failed to tempt anybody with less to lose, would
have earned him the medal of a certain excellent
society at the present time. His horse Thorn ville
(bred by Colonel Thornton, by Herod out of Cleopatra,
by Spectator) is said to have run four miles at York
August Meeting, 1782, in 7J minutes ; but Mr. Orton
(in his ' Annals ') merely says that the race (for the
Great Subscription) was * supposed to have been run
in less time than any race since the year 1766, when
Bay Malton beat Jerkin,' &c., and then it was run in
7 minutes 43J seconds. But * clocking ' is altogether
unsatisfactory ; for by that means you may seem to
prove that Merry Hampton and Ayrshire were better
over the Derby course than The Flying Dutchman,
West Australian, and Ormonde.

Mr. WILBEAHAM, who ran Shakspeare for a Jockey

1773 THE MISTERS 149

Club Plate in 1753 (the first year of the Club's career),
is called in the ' Calendar ' Mr. Koger Wilbraham, so
that the gentleman was presumably he wHo was of
Nantwich, Cheshire, M.P. (son, to all appearance, or
nephew, of Koger Wilbraham, Esq., High Sheriff
of Cheshire in 1714), and seems to have been the
founder of the branch of the Wilbrahams of Delamere.
The name also appears in the ' Calendar ' with the
prefix or affix (indifferently) of Bootle ; whence one
would conclude that there were two relations racing
at the same time, for it seems to have been a Kichard
(not Eoger) Wilbraham who became Wilbraham-
Bootle or Bootle-Wilbraham (according to the will of
Sir Thomas Bootle, whose heiress he married appa-
rently), and was the father of the first Lord Skelmers-
dale. Anyhow, Mr. Eoger Wilbraham is not among
the most prominent members of the Jockey Club and
promoters of ' the cause.'

Such were the most conspicuous among the royal-
ties, noblemen, and gentlemen who composed the
Jockey Club from its entrance upon public life up to
the year 1773. They were, almost to a man, of royal
or noble or hereditarily gentle birth; and they
were, almost to a man, either hereditary or elective
legislators, for nearly all the commoners, or at any
rate a large proportion of them, were Members
of Parliament. To them, as we have seen, not only
nearly all the imported ' Sons of the Desert ' (which
were about that time, however, beginning to lose the

150 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

mysterious influence undoubtedly exercised by them
for many years upon the English breed of horses), but
all the good horses in the country belonged, or by
them and by their families before them had been
bred ; and it was only through the sales which took
place upon the death or the retirement of such owners
and breeders that the ' cracks ' fell into the hands of
persons whose social rank precluded them from be-
coming members of the Club — as Eegulus, for in-
stance, into the hands of Mr. Martindale (a saddler,
of St. James's Street) ; Eclipse into the hands first of
Mr. Wildman (a meat salesman, of Newgate Market),
and then of Mr. (Captain, Major, and Colonel) O'Kelly
(a disreputable adventurer) ; and Highflyer into the
hands of Mr. Tatter sail (an auctioneer, though of
excellent repute). It is true that the Shem, Ham,
and Japhet of all our present race of thoroughbreds,
that is, the Byerley Turk (the charger ridden by a
Captain Byerley in the wars of King William the Third) ,
the Darley Arabian (which was purchased by an
English merchant in Smyrna, and presented, or sold,
or bequeathed to his brother, Mr. Darley, of Aldby
Park, Yorkshire), and the Godolphin Arabian or Barb
(imported from France by Mr. Coke, of Leicester, and
given by him to Lord Godolphin, of Gogmagog, Cam-
bridgeshire), did not belong to members of the Club ;
but it is enough to say that the least ancient of the
three died in 1753, the very year in which the Club
made its first appearance at Newmarket with its two

1773 THE MISTEKS 151

Jockey Club Plates. And a similar remark applies to
Curwen's Bay Barb, and other early ' Sons of the
Desert,' whose influence, having been transmitted par
les femmes, is less conspicuously in evidence, and
whose owners and importers might very well have
been members of the Jockey Club but for temporal
obstacles. We have seen, too, that the Club was not
a mere ' Southern ' institution, but that it was com-
posed of members from the North and the South,
from Ireland and from the West Indies (or having
some connection with the West Indies), as if one of
the objects kept in view at the foundation of the Club
had been to weld together various interests, to promote
intercourse, to foster mutual improvement, substi-
tuting for the spirit of almost hostility which had
formerly prevailed between the horse-racers and horse-
breeders of the North and of the South a feeling of
reasonable and profitable emulation. Altogether it
would seem that the Club, at the time at which it
was started, had the elements of an almost ideal
representative body, so far as the best interests of the
Turf were concerned.

152 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

CHAPTEE VI

FIRST PERIOD (concluded)

WE have seen that, away from Newmarket, the Club
(or a quorum thereof) would meet in the earliest days
at the Star and Garter, Pall Mall, or at the Clarendon,
Bond Street, or at the Thatched House, St. James's
Street, or at one another's houses, whether in town or
country, as in 1768 at the Duke of Grafton's at
Euston ; but they, of course, wanted headquarters at
Newmarket, which was not so accessible as it is now,
and where members of the Jockey Club would stay for
the whole duration of a meeting, and where, not
having houses of their own (as many, if not most, of
them have now), they would naturally look out for
some place of their own, to save them from the
necessity of being intruded upon by all and sundry
who, if only they had the necessary money at com-
mand, would be as free as the members of the Jockey
Club themselves of the public hostelries, assembly
rooms, &c. Now at Newmarket the Club, at its
incipience, did not possess a single inch of ground (in
its aggregate capacity, whatever may have been the

1773 FIRST PERIOD : CONCLUDED 153

case with some individual members, such as Mr.
' Jockey ' Vernon) from which to ' warn off ' anybody
who incurred its displeasure. Accordingly, in or about
the year 1752, it seems that the members of the Club
seceded (save for purposes of dining) from the Eed
Lion (the hostelry at which it appears to have been
customary for the ' quality ' to assemble, as well as
probably for the most affluent and most masterful,
but by no means the least offensive, of the ' black-
legs ') , and acquired for themselves, on a lease for fifty
years, from a certain Mr. Erratt (a name which occurs
pretty frequently in the records of that time as the
patronymic of a jockey, a groom, or other person pro-
fessionally engaged in horse-racing and horse-keeping)
a plot of ground whereon they caused a tenement to
be built for their accommodation. This tenement,
or a certain portion of it, was called the Coffee-room ;
and, before half of the said fifty years had expired,
the ground lease was transferred to Mr. ' Jockey '
Vernon, whose tenants, as has been observed already,
such members of the Club as chose to become share-
holders or subscribers, or whatever they were called,
became. This tenement, at any rate, was adopted as
the headquarters of the Club. There they transacted
what business there was to do ; and there they spent
their evenings, which, as ' Bozzy ' would lead us to
understand from his ' Cub at Newmarket,' were not
passed in that singing of anthems to which Sir John
Falstaff attributed his hoarseness. Nor, after the

154 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

brief biographical notices which have been given of
the earliest members, will it seem likely that they
commenced each day's proceedings with family
prayer, and then turned their attention entirely to
legislating for the Turf and reforming it, after the
fashion most gratuitously ascribed to them by certain
writers about the Turf and its abuses. Take the
evidence of Lady Sarah Bunbury upon the point, who
thus writes to Selwyn in 1767 : ' A Mr. Brereton (a
sad vulgar) betted at a table where Mr. Meynell, the
Duke of Northumberland, and Lord Ossory were play-
ing cards in the morning at the Coffee-house ; he lost,
and accused Mr. Meynell and Mr. Vernon (who had
just come in) of having cheated the Duke of North-
umberland, and [accused] Lord Ossory, &c., of being
cheats in general.' An additional side-light may be
thrown upon the ordinary occupations of the members
by referring to the antics (already mentioned) of the
* Cripplegate ' Earl of Barry more, and to what is said
to have taken place at the Coffee-room some few
years later, when the noted CoL George Hanger (who
will be encountered hereafter), a member of the
Jockey Club and a ' bruiser ' of renown, was worsted
in a ' turn-up,' as the pugilists say, by a more
scientific but less aristocratic brother-member and
brother-bruiser, Mr. T. Bullock. Not that there is
any intention here of insinuating that the members of
the Jockey Club had not a perfect right to play cards,
even in the morning, and to bet and to box, if they

1773 FIKST PERIOD : CONCLUDED 155

pleased, whether in the morning or in the evening ;
but the little sketch of such proceedings has been
proffered for the benefit of those who insist upon
preaching as if the main intention of the Club at its
foundation had been professedly a severe, business-
like reform of the Turf, its racing and its morals.
The absurdity of the idea will appear at once from the
reflection that the Club, having at first no property
from which to ' warn off ' anybody, and no command
over the * Calendars/ so as to keep out of them the
programmes and advertisements of disobedient race
committees or individuals, had absolutely no means
of asserting its power against recalcitrants. True,
about nine-tenths or more of the horses which ran at
Newmarket belonged to members of the Club, who
would be subject to laws made by it or to * agreements '
made one with another ; but as regards the remain-
ing tenth and the whole racing world outside New-
market, the Club had only very indirect means of
exercising influence, by hoping that its example would
be followed by the peers of its members, by threaten-
ing persons of low degree with disqualification for
employment by members of the Club, and by appeal-
ing to the general sense of the racing community.

Let us now see how the new Club began to work
its way towards its ultimate position of paramount
authority, from 1753 to 1773.

Be it premised that the only laws and regulations
to which horse-racing was subject at the advent of the

156 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

Jockey Club were partly statutory and partly tradi-
tional ; the former contained in an abstract of certain
Acts of Parliament, and the latter in a collection of
' Kules concerning Kacing in General,' published in
Pond's * Kalendar ' for 1751. Both the abstract and
the collection will be found — by whoever cares to read
them— in the Appendix.

The Club having founded, as we have already
seen, two Jockey Club Plates to be run for by horses
belonging to its own members only, appears first of all
(in 1756) in the rare character of the physician who
heals himself. For one of these Plates was originally
run in heats, but it was found that the hereditary and
elective legislators who competed for it had so many
violent disputes over ' the posting of the horses, &c.,'
that the Club agreed to substitute for the three heats
a single heat, called by the Americans a 'dash,' a very
salutary example, recommended by the Club to the
Master of the Horse (in 1851) for Queen's Plates, but
not adopted for them until ten years later (in 1861), and
not even now expressly enforced in the rules of racing.
The only possible excuse for races in heats is such a
scarcity of horses that a sufficiency of sport could not
otherwise be insured. The case of dead heats might
be made exceptional. To the same year, 1756, belongs
a decision of the Jockey Club (in respect of placing
the horses in the Jockey Club Plate won by the Duke
of Ancaster's Spectator) which became a generally
but not universally received precedent, quoted in 1786

1773 FIEST PERIOD: CONCLUDED 157

by a commentator, who writes of ' so respectable an
authority as the Jockey Club ' (alluding to a dispute
as to the places of Privateer and Duchess in a race at
Malton in 1782). From which we may conclude that
between 1753 and 1773 the Jockey Club was only
gradually attaining the degree of ' high respectability '
as an arbiter in the North, and was not likely to be
harbouring the design, as yet, of becoming the Lycur-
gus of the whole English Turf.

In 1758 the Club felt strong enough to publish two
resolutions; one allowing two pounds over weight,
and the other disqualifying (for riding at Newmarket)
any rider who should fail to declare, or to have de-
clared for him, * that the rider is above the weight
allowed of by the aforesaid resolution ' ; but it is not
clear how the resolutions were to be enforced if the
rider were employed by somebody who did not belong
to the Club, and defied its authority. In 1759 the
Club instituted the 'Weights and Scales Plate ' of 100
guineas, * out of the fund arising from the weights and
scales,' over which and the fees thereof the Jockey Club
had apparently succeeded in establishing its control ;
and, as it was to be ' free for any horse,' it seems to
have been intended by the Club pro bono publico. In
1762, under the auspices of the Club, there was insti-
tuted a Second October Meeting, so that the hitherto
October Meeting became known as the First October ;
and in the same year eighteen members signed a
'Besolution and Agreement' to sport certain 'colours'

158 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

of their own, which was a great boon to race-goers,
for though ' colours ' had been worn long before, they
were adopted apparently at haphazard, and without
discrimination or permanence. In 1767 two resolu-
tions were passed, one (signed by eighteen members)
relating to bets, the other (signed by twenty-one) re-
lating to the admission of members to the Coffee-room.
In 1768 the Jockey Club Challenge Cup was founded
(for horses the property of members of the Jockey
Club only), the subscribers being twenty-seven, ac-
cording to Messrs. Weatherby's 'Calendar,' until 1861,
but altered, without explanation, in 1862, to twenty-
five, the former being, almost without a doubt, the
proper number, as will be shown hereafter. In 1769
there was a * Eesolution,' signed by twelve members,
touching entries to be made to the keeper of the
match-book. In 1770 there were numerous ' Eesolu-
tions,' to the effect that ' the members of the Club
shall meet annually at dinner on the day preceding
the King's birthday ' ; that the number of stewards
shall be three (there having been but one steward,
apparently, before) ; that certain disabilities shall be
incurred for 'watching trials,' or causing them to be
watched (though, of course, there was as yet no awful
threat of ' warning off,' almost as tremendous as
' naming ' a member of Parliament) ; that bets made
' from signal or indication, after the race has been
determined at the post,' shall be regarded as ' fraudu-
lent, illegal, and totally void ' ; that the age of the

1775 FIRST PERIOD : CONCLUDED 159

horses which run at Newmarket shall be ascertained
and vouched for by an expert ' at the ending post,
immediately after running ' (if it be the first time, and
unless the requisite examination has taken place be-
fore) ; that certain ' colours ' shall be adopted by cer-
tain owners (neither the colours nor the owners being
the same as those already specified for the year 1762,
which shows that the practice had ' caught on ' satis-
factorily) ; and that want of punctuality on the part
of ' grooms ' (when * trainers ' did not figure so pro-
minently as now in racing matters) shall entail a fine
of * five guineas each time,' to be paid to the Club.
The most important resolution (so far as the public
are concerned) is that concerning the certificate of
age, for in that resolution express mention is made of
two-year-olds, and express sanction given (by the
words used) to the novelty of two-year-old racing, the
responsibility for which has been saddled for so long
upon Sir Charles Bunbury (perhaps because he was
the single steward at the time when the innovation
commenced, though, as we have seen, he does not
seem to have been himself among the earliest runners
of two-year-olds), who was certainly elected one of
the stewards in this year (1770), when the number
was fixed at three, and when two-year-old racing was
officially sanctioned, but with Lord Bolingbroke and
Mr. Jenison Shafto to share the responsibility with
him.

In 1771 there were passed and published five

160 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

' Resolutions ' (with the signatures of twenty-one
members) and one ' Agreement ' (with seventeen sig-
natures), whereof the most important provided that
1 all disputes relative to racing at Newmarket ' should
' for the future be determined by the three stewards
and two referees to be chosen by the parties con-
cerned ' ; that ' dead heats ' should ' be run off after
the last match on the same day ' ; and that ' in match
or sweepstake, without specified weights, the horses '
should ' carry 8 stone 7 lb.,' but with specified
weights, ' the highest weight ' should be ' fixed at
8 stone 7 lb.,' a plain proof that the Club was drifting
away from the old 12 stone and 10 stone imposts
towards the light weights which in subsequent years
became ridiculous and led to no end of controversy.
In 1772 the Club does not appear to have published
any resolution or agreement of public importance.
Meanwhile, under the auspices of the Club, sport at
Newmarket had been promoted by the establishment
(in 1765) of the July Meeting, of the Houghton Meet-
ing (1770), and of the Craven Meeting (1771, when
two-year-olds were first officially admitted to compete
with older horses, in the eponymous Craven Stakes),
making altogether the seven Meetings to which the
racing world thenceforward became accustomed,
though they were sometimes reduced to six (when the
Second Spring was abandoned for many years), some-
times (as in 1890, by the introduction of a Second
July) increased to eight. We have now reached the

1773 FIKST PERIOD : CONCLUDED 161

dawn of the ' Weather by era,' when the Jockey Club
became almost complete masters of the situation by
means of the publication which has been known all
over the racing world in its book form for about 120
years as ' Weatherby 's Racing Calendar/ whereof
the first sole proprietor was Mr. James Weatherby,
keeper of the match-book at Newmarket and the
Jockey Club's devoted henchman. The event is so
important as almost to deserve a fresh chapter for the
history and consideration of it.

As hand washes hand, so the Weatherbys, by
means of their ' Calendar,' have assisted the Jockey
Club, and the Jockey Club, by their patronage, have
assisted Messrs. Weatherby. The history of that
1 Calendar ' is as follows :

As long ago as 1670, according to the evidence
that can be obtained, there was a ' Calendar of Horse-
racing ' set up at Newmarket ' by request,' the author
being a certain Mr. John Nelson, and the price being
half a crown. But little, if any, more information
is forthcoming in respect either of the work or of
its author. After, though probably not immediately
after him (else we should undoubtedly know more
about him and his work), came a Mr. John Cheney,
whose pedigree and performances have not been
handed down quite so carefully as they might have
been had he boasted to be the son of a quadrupedal
sire distinguished upon the Turf, and who, to trust to
memory, is somewhere described, a little vaguely, as

M

162 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

' of Arundel, Sussex.' At any rate, he published in
1727, after prodigious travelling, labour, and inquiry
(prosecuted chiefly, if memory may be relied upon,
according to his own account, among the clergy, the
natural repositories of the required information, as
we may presume from the fact that they were strictly
charged by statute of Henry the Eighth to interest
themselves in horse-breeding, and from the cases of
the Eev. Mr. Tarran, who was noted for his ' Black
Barb ' ; the Eev. Mr. Hewgill, who bred the famous
Priestess ; the Eev. Mr. Goodricke, who bred a mul-
titude of grand racehorses, won several St. Legers,
and is credibly reported to have had a hand in the
introduction of two-year-old racing; the Eev. 'Passon '
Harvey, who used to ride Young Vandyke to service,
they say, at Westminster Abbey, and hang on to his tail
in Tatter sail's yard; the Eev. 'Passon' Nanney-Wynn,
owner of the celebrated Signorina (by Champion) ; and
in more recent times the Eev. Mr. 'Launde' King, fellow
of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and breeder, owner,
and runner of the famous mare Apology), the first
volume of a work which may be considered to have
been continued annually, though of course with vari-
ations of form, arrangement, size and name, down to
the present day, when it has become the incomparable
' Weatherby ' — with so much variation of size, indeed,
that at last, in 1846, or about that year, it grew so
stout as to burst asunder into two parts, like as two
peas, and in those two parts, themselves increasing

1773 FIRST PERIOD: CONCLUDED 163

year by year to bursting-point, has ever since been
presented to a public undeterred by their ridiculous
expensiveness.

Upon the death of Mr. Cheney (who was mortal)
in 1750 or 1751, his shoes were promptly stepped into
by a certain Eeginald Heber (not to be confounded
with the perhaps equally celebrated Bishop, whose
pretty turn for hymn-writing is well known and still
appreciated). He, as we gather from his instructive
advertisements, combined the sale of ' mild York
Kiver tobacco,' of stationery, of sporting and other
(somewhat mysteriously indicated, as if to suggest a
possibility of impropriety) pictures, with the business
of compiling and selling his ' Historical List of
Horse-matches, &c.,' in professed succession to Mr.
Cheney, first at Fulwood's Eents, Holborn, and then
elsewhere in the neighbourhood of Chancery Lane
and Long Acre.

But, 'nil sine magno vita labore dedit mortali-
bus ' ; and Mr. Heber's succession to Mr. Cheney was
not secured without a struggle. There was a deter-
mined opposition made with a ' Sporting Kalendar '
by Mr. John Pond (with whom and his equestrian
daughter we have already made acquaintance). He,
however, was worsted evidently in the contest, and it
is to be feared that he fell upon evil days, for in the
' Obituary ' of 1786 it is recorded that his wife ' died
in Covent Garden Workhouse.' Mr. Heber, the vic-
torious, continued his publication by annual volumes

M 2

164 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

from 1751 to 1769 (the latter year not inclusive), and
then (for he too was mortal) slept with as many
fathers as he may be supposed to have had. Again
a struggle took place for the succession, between a
Mr. B. Walker (who published a volume for 1769) and
Messrs. William Tuting and Thomas Fawconer (who
jointly also published a volume called ' The Sporting
Calendar' for 1769). Poor Mr. Walker went to the
wall against this combination ; no matter of surprise,
inasmuch as Mr. William Tuting described himself as
' Keeper of the Match-book at Newmarket,' and
Mr. Thomas Fawconer described himself as ' Secretary
to the Jockey Club.' Messrs. Tuting and Fawconer
therefore triumphed together, and together carried on
the publication for a year or two ; but in 1773 Mr.
Tuting was dead, and Mr. Fawconer (who, after the
first year of the joint publication ceased to describe
himself as ' Secretary to the Jockey Club,' having
apparently either assumed a title to which he had no
right or been deprived of it for some reason) published
a volume for that year on his own account, with a pre-
face in which he makes serious charges against his
late partner and 'Mr. James Weatherby,' for conspir-
ing to defraud him and for forcing him into a
Chancery suit. This suit seems to have killed poor
Mr. Fawconer : at any rate, he was in his grave before
another volume was due, and Mr. James Weatherby
(who had published an opposition volume in 1773)
reigned supreme and sole in 1774, having succeeded

1773 FIEST PERIOD: CONCLUDED 165

Mr. Tuting as ' Keeper of the Match-book ' and, to all
appearance, Mr. Fawconer (if he ever held the post)
as * Secretary to the Jockey Club/ Of course it is
impossible here to enter into the dispute between Mr.
Fawconer and Mr. J. Weatherby. Suffice it to say
that the latter retorted on the former with accusa-
tions of pilfering and so on, and remained in 1774
complete master of the situation. Thus commenced
that monopoly which the Weatherby s have enjoyed
ever since, unendangered and almost unassailed, and
that close connection between them and the Jockey
Club, which has been equally advantageous to both
parties, has helped to make the Jockey Club the
paramount authority that it is, and the firm of the
Weatherbys a nondescript commercial house of no
mean standing and financial importance. No doubt the
issue of the * Stud Book ' (1791 and 1808), published
by the family of Weatherby (one of whose members
is understood to have been the original compiler),
helped to strengthen the hands both of the
Weatherbys and indirectly of the Jockey Club, whose
representatives they were and are, and whose place of
business in town is looked upon as identical with that
of the Weatherbys. This was not always in Old
Burlington Street, but at first in Hamilton Street,
Park Lane, then at Bury Street, St. James's, then
at Oxenden Street, Haymarket, whence (about 1843)
it was removed to the present locality. To show
the Protean character of the Weatherby's official

166 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1750-

personality it will be enough to state that at a
certain trial, when the question of ' warning off '
was discussed, the Mr. Weatherby called for the
Jockey Club was described as ' the solicitor, treasurer,
and agent for the Club, keeper of the match-book,
and publisher of the " Calendar." Perhaps 'stake-
holder ' might also have been added ; in any case
the ' stakeholdership ' at Newmarket and elsewhere
became hereditary in the family.

We have now reached the point at which the
Jockey Club had their own ' organ ' (the ' Calendar ')
played by their own Weatherby, which marks con-
veniently the beginning of the second period in the
existence of the Club. But before we deal with that
it will be convenient to point out that, about the
time at which the ' Weatherby era ' began, it seems
to have occurred to the members of the Club that it
would be a good thing to have a few more permanent
officials of their own, such as judge, starter, &c. Up
to that date the judging and starting had been per-
formed in the most casual manner, as we read of
jockeys ' calling one another back,' of the 'judges not
having arrived,' and of some baker or linendraper or
man-in-the-street (if only they would swear that they
had no bet on the race) being raised to the judicial
bench for the occasion. We do (in 1754} read of
' Mr. Deard, the judge,' at Newmarket, as if he were
a regular official, whether appointed by the new
Jockey Club or by the stewards of Newmarket races,

1773 FIRST PERIOD : CONCLUDED 167

but it is just as likely that he was the keeper of ' Deard's
Coffee-house ' at Newmarket, enlisted for the occasion.
Anyhow, the first recorded regular judge at New-
market (though he may have been really the second,
successor of Mr. Deard) was Mr. John Hilton (ap-
pointed about 1772, died 1806), whose office was in
time extended to Epsom, Brocket Hall, Bibury, and
probably to other meetings ; and he was succeeded
by the dynasty of John Clark (grandfather, father,
and son), lasting down to the recent accession of Mr.
Robinson. About the same time other regular officials
were appointed, whose names have been handed down,
as, for instance, 'John Hammond, weigher of jockeys'
(otherwise, ' Clerk of the Scales '), and * Samuel Betts,
starter of horses,' &c. How such offices have grown
in dignity and emolument may be inferred from the
fact that nowadays a live lord or other aristocrat does
not disdain to discharge the arduous duties (which is
one thing) and draw the salary (which is another) of
a professional starter. It only remains for a Prince
of the Blood to advertise himself as a public trainer,
and horse-racing will have attained its apogee (though
not much custom may come to the Prince of the
Blood from owners who know what they are about).

THE SECOND PEKIOD

1773—1835

171

CHAPTEK VII

THE PEINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES

IN 1835, so far as can be discovered, there was pub-
lished for the first time (whether for the purpose of
striking awe into ' touts ' and other desperadoes with
no fear of the Jockey Club before their eyes, or for
mere information's sake, and out of a considerate
regard for racing folks' natural and legitimate desire
to know by whose authority and by what manner of
men they would be * warned off ' in case of possible
delinquency) that 'List of Members of the Jockey
Club ' which has ever since been annual, and has ever
since remained one of the most interesting and useful
portions, if not an indispensable portion, of the 'Kacing
Calendar ' in its book form. So that from 1835 to
the present day there is accessible to anybody who
chooses to take a little trouble a complete list of the
members for any particular year ; and from 1773 to
1835 will be a convenient range to take for our Second
Period.

Now, from 1773 to 1835 we find, on similar evi-
dence to that previously employed, that the most

172 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

notable, prominent, and active among those magnates
who composed the Jockey Club, either certainly or
with a probability amounting almost to certainty,
were the following :

Royalties. — The Prince of Wales (afterwards George
the Fourth), the Duke of York, the Duke of Clarence
(afterwards William the Fourth, titular * Patron ' of
the Jockey Club), the Duke of Cumberland (died 1790,
who has already been dealt with), [the Duke of
Gloucester, already dealt with in the ' First Period,'
q.v.~\, and the French Due d'Orleans (or de Chartres,
otherwise * Philippe Egalite ').

Dukes.— Bedford (the fifth), Bolton (the last),
Cleveland (the first), * Dorset (the third), Grafton
(the fourth), Hamilton (the eighth), * Leeds (two),
*Montrose, * Norfolk, * Portland (two), Eichmond (two
or three), Eutland (the fifth).

Lords.— * Auckland, *Belgrave (second Earl Gros-
venor), *E. Bentinck, G. H. Cavendish, * Chesterfield
(two), * Coventry, Darlington (v. Duke of Cleveland),
Derby, Egremont, Exeter, Foley, *Grenville, * Guild-
ford, * Harrington, *Hawkesbury, Jersey, *Kenyon,
*Lansdowne, * Leicester, Lowther, Sackville, Sher-
borne, [Stawell], Stradbroke(two), Sufneld, Tavistock,
Titchfield (v. Duke of Portland), *Thurlow, *John
Townshend, Yerulam.

Sirs.—*TN. Aston, *C. Bampfylde, J. Byng, C.
Davers, F. Evelyn, H. F. Fetherston, J. Lade, *F.

1835 THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 173

Molyneux, F. Poole, F. Standish, H. T. Vane, H.
Williamson, M. Wood.

Messrs, (with or without military or naval
'handles/ &c.).— Batson, Bertie, *Buller, Bullock,
Cookson, Cussans, *Dalrymple, Dawson, Delme
(Delme-Radcliffe), Douglas, *Dundas, Button, *Ers-
kine (afterwards the famous Lord Erskine), *Fitz-
patrick, Gascoyne, Gower, Grosvenor, Hale, Hallett,
Hanger, *Hare, * Hastings (Warren), Howorth,

* Jekyll, Jennings, Kingsman, Lake, Lamb, Maynard,
Hellish, Neville, *Northey, *0nslow, O'Kelly, Parker
(Lord Boringdon), Pigott (C. or 'Louse'), *P . . . t
(? Admiral Pigot), *Pitt, * Robinson, Eous, Rush,

* St. John, Shakspear, * Sheridan, *Tarleton, Taylor,
Thornhill, *Topham, Udney, Vansittart, Vernon (H.),
Villiers, Walker, Watson, Wilson, Wortley, Wyndham.

The names branded with an asterisk are those of
persons who are mentioned by Pigott in his book, and
are not expressly stated by him not to have been
members of the Jockey Club, and some of whom,
therefore, though their membership cannot be abso-
lutely proved hi the manner adopted in this work, may
very well have been members ; for it is difficult to see
why Pigott should only now and then, and not always,
mention the exceptions. And the exceptions which
he does mention are noticeably few.

Notice may conveniently be taken here of cer-
tain Frenchmen who, like ' Philippe Egalite,' were

174 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

(whether officially or unofficially) resident for a longer
or shorter time in England, were affected by the
' Anglomania ' then prevalent among the French aris-
tocracy, cultivated horse-racing a I'Anglaise, visited
Newmarket, causing Mr. Hugo Meynell to complain
of the nuisance, and to wish that ' we were comfortably
at war again,' and undoubtedly received attention from
the Jockey Club, probably to the extent of being made
temporary members of it, as we have seen that
' Jemmy ' Boswell professes to have been made on the
introduction of Lord Eglinton. These Frenchmen,
or the chief of them, were the Marquis de Conflans
(whose name was given to the Conflans Stakes at
Brighton, or rather Brighthelmstone, and who pur-
chased and imported into France the famous race-
horse and sire King Pepin, whether on his own
account or that of the Comte d'Artois, purchaser of
Barbary and Comus) ; the Marquis de Fitz-James
(descendant of our James the Second, and a great
favourite at Newmarket) ; the Comte de Guerchy (the
well-known ambassador) ; the Comte de Lauraguais
(who was one of the famous little Gimcrack's many
owners, and three or four of whose sisters successively
obtained the questionable distinction of being mistress
to Louis the Fifteenth) ; the Due de Lauzun (who
ran successfully with Taster and Patrician against
Lord Clermont with Creeper at Newmarket in 1773,
and raced at Lewes and elsewhere in 1774) ; and last,
but by no means least, the Comte de Mirabeau (who

1835 THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 175

visited England about 1782-83, saw horse-races at
Epsom or elsewhere, and, as * Mr. Grossley,' described
them in print after a fashion worthy of his great
imaginative powers, and wonderful for an Englishman
to contemplate).

Some of the members dealt with in treating of
the * First Period,' such as the Duke of Cumberland,
of course lived well into the ' Second Period,' but it
was not necessary to repeat their names. Nor need we
say more than a very few words about the asterisked
members, whose membership rests almost entirely
upon the fact that they appear in ' Louse ' Pigott's
gallery. These are the third Duke of Dorset (who
succeeded to the title in 1769 and died in 1799, was
Lord Steward of the Household, after having been am-
bassador to France, and stood high in Koyal favour) ;
the Duke of Leeds (father of the Duke who won the St.
Leger with Octavian, and was very likely, but cannot be
proved to have been, a member of the Jockey Club,
the father having been rather a political than a racing
character, and, according to Pigott, better fitted to
be a director of concerts than a minister, a statesman,
or a politician) ; the Duke of Montrose (who figures,
as Marquis of Graham, in ' The Kolliad ') ; the Duke
of Norfolk (who, in the language of Pigott, ' quitted
the religion of his ancestors for his country ' — in other
words, became a Protestant — and who, as Lord Surrey,
ran Judge Jefferies, Captain Tart, General Bandbox,
and Sir Thomas Jellybag, and may therefore, very

176 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

probably, have been a member of the Jockey Club) ;
the Duke of Portland (the third, who died in 1809,
was Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland for a short time, and
Prime Minister in 1807, and was brother of the racing
Lord E. Bentinck, and father of the racing fourth
Duke of Portland) ; Lord Auckland (who was the Rt.
Hon. W. Eden, third son of Sir Robert Eden, third
Baronet, of Castle Eden, Durham, a family most dis-
tinguished in the annals of racing, so that he may
very well indeed have been an actual member of the
Jockey Club, though he has left no personal impression
upon the Turf) ; Lord Belgrave (who is not best known
by that name as a racing member of the Jockey Club,
but will appear hereafter in that character under the
style and title, first, of the second Earl of Grosvenor,
and then of the first Marquess of Westminster) ; Lord
E. Bentinck (a great racer and gentleman-rider, who
married the daughter of Richard Cumberland, the
author, and was brother to the third Duke of Portland,
and almost without doubt a member of the Jockey
Club) ; Lord Chesterfield (the Lord to whom the
' Letters ' were addressed and who was very likely in-
deed a member, if only because his predecessor had
put in his will a provision that 'if his successor should
keep racehorses or hounds, or resort to Newmarket
Races, or lose 500L in one day by gambling, he should
forfeit 5,OOOL to the Dean and Chapter of West-
minster,' a body chosen by the testator on the amus-
ing plea that he had transacted business with them

1835 THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 177

and had found them so 'hard' that they would be
sure to exact the penalty to the uttermost farthing) ;
Lord Coventry (who was George William, sixth Earl,
husband of Maria Gunning, one of the two historically
beautiful sisters) ; Lord Grenville (who was Prime
Minister in 1806); Lord Guildford (second Earl,
better known as the humorous Minister, Lord North,
who had the misfortune to go blind in his latter days,
but was so irrepressibly cheerful and witty under his
affliction as to remark that he and his inveterate
enemy, Col. Barre, who, singularly enough, had met
with the same misfortune, would be ' very glad to see
one another ') ; Lord Harrington (who served with
distinction in the American War, and was an uncle of
the ' Cripplegate ' and ' Newgate ' Earls of Barrymore,
for the sixth Earl of Barrymore married Amelia Stan-
hope, daughter of the Earl of Harrington, father,
apparently, of the Earl here in question) ; Lord
Hawkesbury (Charles Jenkinson, afterwards Earl of
Liverpool, Home Secretary under Pitt) ; Lord Kenyon
(Lord Chief Justice) ; Lord Lansdowne (the Marquess
of Lansdowne, better known as Lord Shelburne, pat-
ron of learning, science, and sport) ; Lord Leicester,
(not a Coke, but George Townshend, Master of the
Mint, who was created Earl of the County of Leicester,
May 18, 1784, succeeded his father as Marquess
Townshend in 1807, and died 1811) ; Lord Thurlow
(the ' Jupiter Tonans ' Lord Chancellor, of swearing
notoriety) ; Lord John Townshend (brother of Lord

N

178 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Leicester) a witty writer, a man of fashion, and a
duellist, having fought with Mr. Fawkener, Clerk of
the Privy Council, whose domestic peace he had dis-
turbed, quite like a member of the Jockey Club, in
1786 ; Sir Willoughby Aston (very intimate with the
Prince of Wales, and a runner of 'yearlings' in 1790
and 1791); Sir C. Bampfylde, who was murdered
under very painful circumstances in 1823, for having
— very many years before — seduced, it was supposed,
the wife of the murderer and suicide (for the murderer
immediately shot himself) , and whose son was created
Lord Poltimore in 1831 ; Sir Francis Molyneux (who,
according to Pigott, first drove mankind to invent the
word ' bore ' to describe him, and to perpetuate it as
applicable to his kind) ; Mr. Dalrymple (whether of
the House of Stair or not, a General, intimate with
the Prince of Wales, and known, according to Pigott,
as ' Agamemnon the Great ') ; Mr. Buller (the cele-
brated Mr. Justice) ; Mr. Dundas (Henry, who became
Viscount Melville) ; Mr. Erskine (the Hon. Thomas, of
the Buchan family, the celebrated advocate, who be-
came Lord Chancellor, having served in early life both
in the army and — like another celebrated Lord Chan-
cellor, Sir Frederick Thesiger, Lord Chelmsford — in
the Navy) ; Mr. Fitzpatrick (Colonel and General, the
accomplished brother of the second and last Earl of
Upper Ossory) ; Mr. Hare (the famous ' Hare of many
friends,' who was for many years M.P. for Knares-
borough, the intimate of C. J. Fox and Lord Carlisle,

1835 THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 179

of great reputation as an orator and a wit, but of
small accomplishment in the former capacity) ; Mr.
Jekyll (the celebrated wit and brilliant barrister) ;
Mr. Hastings (Warren Hastings, the ever-memorable
' oppressor of Begums ') ; Mr. Northey (whose mem-
bership may be considered almost certain, though it
is difficult to prove to demonstration, for the family
of Compton Bassett, Wilts, and of Epsom, Surrey, is
most prominent on the Turf from early times, and
one of them was owner of brood mares poisoned by
Daniel Dawson at Newmarket, 1809-11) ; Mr. Onslow
(afterwards second Earl of Onslow, whose prowess as
a * whip ' is attested in some doggerel, running,
' What can Tommy Onslow do ? He can drive a
chaise and two. And can Tommy do no more ? He
can drive a chaise and four ') ; Mr. P . . . t (almost
certainly Admiral Pigot, a great gambler of the day,
whose daughter, or one of whose daughters, is most
scurrilously assailed by Pigott, and who was a brother
of the unfortunate Lord Pigot, already dealt with in the
' First Period ') ; Mr. Pitt (the famous Prime Minister,
whose family were decidedly ' horsey ') ; Mr. Eobinson
(John Eobinson, Esq., of Wyke House, Middlesex,
Secretary to the Treasury, father-in-law to Lord
Abergavenny, and a holder of pensions to an extent
which gave rise to questions in Parliament) ; Mr. St.
John (the Hon. John, a younger brother of the * Bully '
Lord Bolingbroke, and a writer of opera and tragedy,
as well as a man of fashion, one of the regular

K 2

180 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

' macaronis,' as so many members of the Jockey Club
were) ; Mr. Sheridan (the witty author of ' The School
for Scandal,' but not ' of much account at horse-
racing,' as an American would say) ; Mr. Tarleton
(General Sir Banastre Tarleton, Bart., G.C.B., Gover-
nor of Berwick, and for twenty-two years M.P. for
Liverpool, who ran Wilbraham at Newmarket in
1789-92) ; and Mr. Topham (Captain, Major, and
Colonel, editor and proprietor of The World, a periodi-
cal whereof the title, and perhaps partly the style and
spirit, is still preserved amongst us, an officer in the
Horse Guards, it is said, originally, and a man of
means and fashion, connected probably with Dr. John-
son's fashionable friend, Mr. Topham Beauclerc).

In not one of these cases does 'Louse' Pigott
warn his readers, as he does in others, that the person
mentioned was not really a member of the Jockey
Club, but was joined with them as being ' tarred with
the same brush,' and there is very good reason to
think that the great majority of them did belong to
the Club, though their credentials are not forthcoming.
That Judges should be members of the Club, at that
date, is not at all surprising ; we have had and have
such cases of Saul among the prophets in our own
day — witness Mr. Baron Martin and Mr. Justice
Hawkins, to seek no further.

We may now get on to the personages whose
.membership is capable of actual proof.

Let us begin with the three royal brothers, of

1835 THE PEINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 181

whom the least promising (being no sportsman, or, at
any rate, no devotee of horse-racing), namely, the
Duke of Clarence, turned out in the end to be the
Jockey Club's best friend.

The PRINCE of WALES, whose membership of the
Club, dating probably from the moment that he ar-
rived at years of indiscretion, is first publicly attested
in the records of 1786, when, being just twenty-four
years of age, he ran second with Anvil (purchased by
him in October 1784 from Mr. Parker, who was after-
wards Lord Boringdon) to Mr. Wyndham with Drone,
for a Jockey Club Plate, had three periods of display
upon the Turf. The first, from 1784 to 1786, was
brought to a premature and ignominious close (for a
time) by pecuniary embarrassments, from which Par-
liament released him (again for a time) by paying
his debts and increasing " his income ; the second,
commencing from his reappearance with a clean slate
and a larger revenue, was terminated in 1791-92 by
what is known as 'the Escape affair,' when the Prince,
who very honourably and pluckily stuck by his jockey,
Sam Chifney the elder, accused (as the Prince be-
lieved, very unjustly) of riding Escape ' booty,' as it
was called, was virtually 'warned off' Newmarket
Heath by the Jockey Club, represented by the three
stewards, Sir Charles Bunbury, Mr. Kalph Dutton,
and Mr. Panton (the ' polite ' Tommy Panton) : for
Sir Charles, the mouth-piece, intimated to His Koyal
Highness that, if he continued to employ Chifney, no

182 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

gentleman would run against him ; and the third,
begun in 1800, was concluded in 1830 by the inter-
vention of grim Death himself. It is well known how
His Eoyal Highness, before he withdrew — mightily and
not perhaps unjustly incensed — in 1791 from New-
market, if not entirely from the Turf, had indulged in
high jinks at * head-quarters ' ; how he would * post '
thither in queer fashion, himself riding the near leader
and the illustrious Mr. C. J. Fox (the statesman and
orator) riding the near wheeler of the four horses that
drew the chaise, with the two * jolly post-boys ' enjoy-
ing the unwonted luxury of 'going inside,' and reflect-
ing, no doubt, that it is ' a mad world, my masters ' ;
how he once ' shoved Orleans into the pond ' in front
of the palace at Newmarket, to the unspeakable indig-
nation of old ' Egalite,' who had been intently ob-
serving the gold-fish in the tank, and whom it took
twenty- four hours of envoy-sending, apologising, and
diplomatic parleying to pacify; how, with the best
and kindest and most polite intentions in the world,
when the Bibury Club Meeting was held at Burford,
he would call on his old tutor at Christ Church,
Oxford, in full ' Bibury Club costume,' to the conster-
nation of the worthy divine who ruled ' the House ' ;
and how, at a very early age, in the Second Spring
Meeting of 1784, when he was barely twenty-two, he
had an opportunity of studying the difference between
professional and unprofessional riding, when, weight
and distance the same in both cases, his horse Hermit

1835 THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 183

(Mr. Panton up) was beaten by Sir H. Fetherston's
Surprise (owner up), but, when jockeys were substi-
tuted for gentlemen, Surprise was beaten by Hermit
on the same day and within an hour or so. It was in
later days that he headed the gay scenes at Brighton
(or Brighthelmstone) in his ' German waggon ' (as a
barouche was then called), drawn by six horses, and
with Dr. Johnson's ' fast ' young friend, Sir John
Lade, for coachman ; and it was in still later days
that he introduced the gorgeous processions and the
second meeting (instead of one only) at Ascot, when
he seemed to have racehorse on the brain, buying
here, there, and everywhere, whenever a horse took
his fancy, and of course paying through the nose — at
any rate on paper, though the colour of his money
may not always have been so visible as his signature
— for what he had afterwards to sell for a mere song,
and when he had a tale to tell of reckless expenditure
and very disproportionate success, though (chiefly in
the name of Mr. D. Eadcliffe) he won a considerable
number of races, including the Goodwood Cup with
Fleur-de-lis in 1829, the year before his death. He
won the Derby once, in 1788, with Sir Thomas (by
Pontac), and he won a Jockey Club Plate (w.o.) in
1788 with Gunpowder (bought of the notorious Mr.
Denis O'Kelly, owner of Eclipse). The Prince is some-
times said to have won the Newmarket Challenge
Whip with Anvil ; but Anvil won the Whip in 1783,
when he belonged to Mr. Parker (Lord Boringdon),

184 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

and had not yet been sold to His Koyal Highness, who,
by the way, when George the Fourth, seems to have
instituted the annual dinner to the members of the
Jockey Club, continued by William the Fourth, and
resumed by the present Prince of Wales. George the
Fourth also presented to the Irish Turf Club in 1821
the Eoyal Whip run for at the Curragh.

The DUKE of YOEK, next brother to the Prince of Wales,
who was born in 1763 and died in 1827, three years
before his elder brother, does not seem to have run for
a Jockey Club Plate, but the evidence of ' Louse ' Pigott
that he was a member of the Club is supported by so
much of tradition and circumstance as to leave no
room for doubt. It is supposed to have been in the
Coffee-room at Newmarket that His Eoyal Highness ;
most delighted to show with what inimitable grace he
could propose the famous toast, ' I drink to Cardinal
Puff,' accompanied by gestures and contortions beyond
the attainment of less gifted beings. He is under-
stood to have been even greater when proposing this
toast than when commanding our army, of which he
(assisted by his fair associate, Mrs. Clarke) was so
long Commander-in- Chief. He was perhaps the only
Bishop who ever belonged to the Jockey Club ; for he,
at the tender age of six months, was declared (Prince)
Bishop of Osnaburgh, with the accumulated revenues
of which unlaborious office, it is said, was purchased
for him the estate of Allerton, in the West Biding of
Yorkshire, which, as well as his well-known property

1835 THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 185

of Oatlands, near Weybridge, he is said to have lost
by gambling, not on the Turf but at play, whether at
Cheveley with the Duke of Rutland or elsewhere with
other nobles and gentles. Indeed, he was an invete-
rate gambler ; and, though he won a fair amount of
money by his successes on the Turf, it was but a
drop in the ocean compared with the stupendous
debts which he left behind him, and which, we are
told, the Government of the day ceded Cape Breton
to his creditors to discharge. He is said to have
been a good judge of a horse, and he won the
Derby twice, in 1816 with Prince Leopold, and in
1822 with Moses ; and the Ascot Cup twice, in 1815
with Aladdin, and in 1821 with Banker (w.o.).
Neither he, however, nor his elder brother, can be
regarded as model-members of the Jockey Club or
model-patrons of the Turf.

The DUKE of CLARENCE, the Prince's next brother,
afterwards known familiarly as the ' Sailor King,' was
notoriously indifferent to horse-racing, though he
seems to have run about twice in his life before his
brother's death ; after which, as King and ' Patron ' of
the Jockey Club, he ran his brother's colt by Mustachio
for the Derby of 1831, and was first, second, and
third with his brother's Fleur-de-lis, Zingance, and
The Colonel, for the Goodwood Cup of 1830 (August
— George the Fourth, having died in June of the
same year), upon which occasion he gave the sailor-
like order to ' start the whole fleet.' He agreeably

186 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

surprised the Turfmen, for he not only improved the
Boyal Stud and increased the number of Koyal Plates,
but at one of the annual dinners which he gave to the
members of the Jockey Club, on May 16, 1832, he
presented the Jockey Club with one of Eclipse's
hoofs, set in gold, as a prize (called ' The Eclipse Foot ')
to be run for annually (plus * 200 sovs. added by His
Majesty and a sweepstakes of 100 sovs. each [after-
wards 50 sovs.] for horses the property of members of
the Jockey Club ') at Ascot. It was first run for in
1832, and won by Lord Chesterfield's famous horse
Priam, and was last challenged for, apparently, in
1835, by Mr. Bat son (owner of the great Plenipoten-
tiary), after which it seems to have commanded neither
race nor even challenge, and to have become ultimately
a snuff-box at the Jockey Club Booms, Newmarket.
(The more is the pity, one feels inclined to say). Not
that it was at all extraordinary for a sailor to patronise
the Turf ; it is extraordinary rather that he should
have had so little personal liking for it — witness
Admirals Norris, Bous, Harcourt, and the names, at
any rate, of Boscawen, Howe, Hawke, &c. Why, one
of the earliest ' horsey ' anecdotes of this century has
for its hero ' a naval officer ' who ' undertook, for a
wager, to ride a blind horse round Sheerness race-
course, without guiding the reins with his hands,'
which the wily ' salt ' accomplished by cutting the
reins and fastening them to the stirrups so as to
' steer ' with his feet. It was in Mr. D. Badcliffe's

1835 THE PEINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 187

name that George the Fourth's horses, run by William
the Fourth, were entered ; a practice not in accord-
ance with the present Eule, that * a horse cannot be
entered in the real or assumed name of any person
as his owner unless that person's interest or property
in the horse is at least equal to that of any other one
person, and has been so registered.1 Even under the
present Eules Mr. Kadcliffe might of course have been
deputed to enter the horses, but, if he were merely the
King's deputy, and not himself the original subscriber,
the entries would be voided by the King's death.
Mention having been made of ' The Eclipse Foot,' it
may be interesting to remark here that a Mr. William
Worley, of Wey bridge, claims to have had in his pos-
session for about thirty years (on July 7, 1891) a
pin with a horse's head made from one of Eclipse's
hoofs, and the property originally of a William
Worley who had been in the service of the ' Culloden '
Duke of Cumberland and afterwards manager of the
Duke of York's stud at Oatlands, and who had
actually cut off the hoofs of Eclipse (died 1789, when
the Duke of York would be very much interested in
such matters). Another relic of Eclipse is the
' wrist -band ' made out of hair from his tail and
attached to the famous ' whip.' There is no reason
to doubt that Mr. Worley 's claim is well founded, and
that he possesses a very desirable souvenir. The
skeleton of Eclipse also is preserved in the museum

188 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

of the Eoyal College of Veterinary Surgeons, 10 Ked
Lion Square, Holborn, London.

The Due D' ORLEANS (formerly Due de Chartres,
under which title also he ran racehorses in England)
was, of course, the notorious ' Egalite,' guillotined in
1793, who had voted for his illustrious relative's
(Louis XVI.) death, when even the notorious ' Tom '
Paine (one of two Englishmen elected to the National
Assembly) voted against it, and whose membership of
the Jockey Club is not only well attested in various
publications, but certified by the fact that he was
running his horse Conqueror for a Jockey Club Plate
at Newmarket (where the site of his stables is pointed
out even to this day) in 1790, on the very eve, as it
were, of Madame de Pompadour's famous * Deluge,'
which was so soon to swallow him up. He does not
seem to have been very popular ; but he ran freely,
both English horses and horses * bred in France '
(some of them two-year-olds), such as Kouge, Vert,
and Petit-gris. In his nomination ran Cantator for
the Derby of 1784 and Orleans for the Derby of
1786 ; but he has left little more than an ill savour
behind him as regards both the Turf and the Jockey
Club and history.

The DUKE of BEDFORD was Francis, the fifth Duke
(born 1765, died 1802), who won half a dozen Jockey
Club Plates (one in 1789, one in 1790, two in 1791, and
two in 1792), whose * horsey ' qualifications are com-
memorated in the ' Keceipt to make a Jockey,' and

1835 THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 189

who was as distinguished upon the Turf as it was
prophesied that he would be (and as he very pro-
bably would have been had he not died at the early
age of thirty- seven) in the field of politics and states-
manship. He succeeded his grandfather in 1771, his
father having been killed, when Marquess of Tavistock,
by a fall from his horse. Duke Francis is said to
have owed his early death to an accident which
occurred at cricket when he was a boy at Westminster,
and which caused some mischief necessitating, after
many years, a very painful and heroically borne but
fatal operation. He was a great gentleman-rider,
and in November 1792 at Newmarket he won a match
(' owners up ') with his horse Dragon against Dr.
Johnson's young friend, Sir John Lade, with his
horse Clifden (5 years, fifteen stone each, B.C.), a
match which nowadays, with such a weight and over
such a distance (4 miles, or a little more), would be
voted both preposterous and cruel, though in 1879
Sir J. D. Astley and Mr. Caledon Alexander (both,
like the Duke of Bedford and Sir J. Lade, members
of the Jockey Club) rode a similar match (also at
Newmarket), carrying at least sixteen stone each, the
distance, however, being only about a mile and a half
(Suffolk Stakes Course) ; and in the same year Sir J. D.
Astley(carryingsi;rteen stone and ten pounds) broke down
his horse, poor Drumhead, in another similar match,
distance two miles. The Duke of Bedford, young as
he was at his death, had won the Derby three times

190 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

(in 1789, 1791, and 1797, with Sky-scraper, with
Eager, and with a colt by Fidget out of Sister to
Pharamond), and the Oaks three times (in 1790,
1791, and 1793, with Hippolyta, Portia, and Caelia).
Whether the Duke bred Sky-scraper is a question
which has troubled Israel, but cannot be answered
with certainty. All that is certain is that Sir John
Shelley (who died in 1783) bred and for some years
owned Everlasting (dam of Sky-scraper) ; but she
passed from his stud to Lord Egremont's first, and
then to the Duke of Bedford's, and between those two
owners lies the breedership of Sky-scraper. Alto-
gether, the fifth Duke of Bedford was one of the most
worshipful among those members of the Jockey Club
who have promoted the ' cause.' He was confederate
with Mr. Ealph Dutton, which will account for the
fact that Sky-scraper was entered for the Derby in
Mr. Dutton's name.

The DUKE of BOLTON was the last Duke (whose
natural daughter married Mr. T. Orde, that is, Mr.
T. Orde-Powlett, created Lord Bolton in 1797), and
he ran Brother to Johnny for a Jockey Club Plate in
1781 (having probably been a member of the Club
for some years previously). The Duke ran a filly by
Syphon for the very first Oaks (in 1779), and Bay
Bolton (by Matchem) for the very first Derby (in
1780), and he ' strained back ' to the Duke who was
the owner (though Sir M. Peirson was the breeder) of
the very famous Bay Bolton (alias Brown Lusty, by

1835 THE PEINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 191

Grey Hautboy), that died at Bolton Hall, Yorkshire,
1736, aged thirty-one, which Duke was the father of
the Duke who shot himself in 1765, not from any
cause connected with the Turf, but, it was said, from
dudgeon at not receiving a certain honourable office
on which he had set his heart.

The DUKE of CLEVELAND (who died in 1842, aged
seventy-five) of course lived into the times at which the
annual official list of * Members of the Jockey Club '
began to be published, and duly figures therein, but
he (first Duke of the new creation in 1833, who was
successively Lord Barnard, Earl of Darlington, Mar-
quess of Cleveland, and Duke of Cleveland and Baron
Eaby) was a member of the Club as early certainly
as 1797, for in that year he, as Lord Darlington, won
a Jockey Club Plate with St. George. He was for
fifty years a shining light of the Turf (though he was
even greater perhaps in ' scarlet ' than in ' silk,' with
the hounds of Eaby than with the racehorses at
Doncaster, where, as Marquess of Cleveland, he won
the St. Leger with Chorister in 1831). He, of course,
was the Lord Darlington who won the Two Thousand
with Cwrw in 1812, under circumstances which, as
related by the late Admiral Eous, create a curious
impression, and which will receive due notice here-
after. He is said to have paid any price that anybody
chose to ask for a horse that he was set upon (in the
figurative sense of the word) ; he was temporary
owner of almost countless good horses (including

192 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Barefoot and Memnon, sold by him to Mr. Watt,
unfortunately, just before they won the St. Leger) ;
and he is credited with the excellent remark that he
* bought the best horses he could get for money, and
had too much respect for them to run them in
handicaps.' He won the Ascot Cup in 1818, 1823
(Mr. Dilly's Netherfield being disqualified), and 1827,
with Belville, Marcellus, and Memnon (repurchased
from Mr. Watt). He was a Vane, connected in some
far-off way with his earliest predecessors (whether
Fitzroys or Vanes), and therefore had racing bred in
the bone and bound to come out in the flesh ; and
his immediate predecessor in the Dukedom (not in
some of his other titles), the Duke of Cleveland and
Southampton (a Vane-Fitzroy), may very well have
been a member of the Jockey Club, though there is
no proof of it, his great racing-ground having been
the North, where he was very prominent (especially
in Give-and-Take Plates) with Charon, Dainty Davy
(winner of the Eichmond Gold Cup five years in suc-
cession, from 1759 to 1763), Meaburn, Kaby, &c.
The Duke of Cleveland, created in 1833, married a
daughter and co-heir of the last Duke of Bolton
(Powlett), whence the name of Powlett adopted by
the third Duke.

The DUKE of GKAFTON is a title which covers two
persons, the third Duke (who lived into this period,
but has already been dealt with), and the fourth Duke,
who (born 1760, died 1844) did not ' cross and jostle '

1835 THE PEINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 193

his father on the Turf, but, on the death of the third
Duke (in 1811), at once stepped into the vacant shoes
(though he is not gazetted as a runner for a Jockey
Club Plate till 1836, when his horse Ulick, with 6 to
4 on him, was beaten by no less a distance than 100
yards by Lord Exeter's Luck's All), and, availing
himself of his father's stud, including the celebrated
mares Prunella and Penelope, surpassed the paternal
success, great as that had been. The fourth Duke
won the Derby once (in 1815, with Whisker), the
Oaks six times (in 1813, 1815, 1822, 1823, 1828, and
1831, with Music, Minuet, Pastille, Zinc, Turquoise,
and Oxygen), the Two Thousand five times (in 1820,
1821, 1822, 1826, and 1827, with Pindarrie, Reginald,
Pastille, Dervise, and Turcoman), and he almost
' farmed ' the One Thousand from 1819 to 1827, since
Lord Jersey's Cobweb (in 1824) alone broke the con-
tinuity of his successes, with Catgut, Rowena, Zeal,
Whizgig, Zinc, Tontine, Problem, and Arab.

The DUKE of HAMILTON is the eighth, who suc-
ceeded to the title on the death of his brother (at an
early age) in 1769, and died s.p. in 1799. He ran
Hercules for a Jockey Club Plate in 1778, and fulfilled
all the traditions of the Club, having been divorced,
' at the suit of her Grace,' in 1777-78, on account of
his relations with a Mrs. Esterre, and having run for
Derby, Oaks, and St. Leger, but he was completely
overshadowed on the Turf by his uncle and successor,
Lord Archibald Hamilton, the ' cock of the North.'

o

194 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

The DUKE of LEEDS is a title covering both the
Duke abused by ' Louse ' Pigott (and already dealt
with) and his son and successor (born 1775, died
1838), who is in the list of members of the Jockey
Club for 1835, and had no doubt been a member for
some years, as he won the St. Leger with Octavian as
early as 1810. A curious story is told of Octavian
(by Stripling), to the effect that the Duke purchased
the animal ' when a foal with its dam, from one of his
own tenants, having taken a fancy to it while following
its dam in the plough.' This looks as if the Duke must
have had a pretty good eye for a horse ; and the pre-
valence of a ' horsey ' strain in his blood may be in-
ferred from the fact that a Lord Carmarthen ran Spot
at York in 1722.

The DUKE of PORTLAND, again, is a title covering
both the third Duke (already treated of) and the
fourth, who succeeded in 1809 and died in 1854, and
who, as Marquess of Titchfield, ran Viret for a Jockey
Club Plate in 1796. It was he who won the Derby
in 1819 with Tiresias, who was instrumental (in 1827)
in establishing the right of the Jockey Club to ' warn
off' people from Newmarket Heath, who advanced
funds to the Jockey Club in 1831, and who, above all,
was the father of the celebrated Lord George Ben-
tinck.

The DUKE of EICHMOND is a title covering two
(and perhaps three) personages, the third Duke (who
has already been dealt with, though he lived to 1806,

1835 THE PKINCE OF WALES AND THE DUKES 195

well within this ' Second Period ') ; perhaps his nephew
and successor (known as the Colonel Lennox who
fought a duel with the Duke of York, whose wife gave
— or did not give, according to the latest version of
the affair — the famous ball at Brussels on the eve of
the Battle of Waterloo, and who died in 1819 from
hydrophobia, caused by the bite of a dog, or, as some
say, of a tame fox), though his membership of the
Jockey Club lacks indisputable proof; and certainly
the fifth Duke, who is on the list for 1835, who won
the Oaks with Gulnare in 1827 and with Kefraction
in 1845, the Goodwood Cup with Linkboy in 1827
and with Miss Craven in 1828, and the One Thousand
with Pic-nic in 1845, and died in 1860. It is to this
fifth Duke that Lord George Bentinck was ' managing
man,' to such purpose that the Goodwood Meeting
won the now stereotyped epithet of ' glorious,' though,
no doubt, alliteration had something to do with it,
as in the case of ' The Fighting Fitzgeralds,' &c., &c.,
down to ' Bloody Balfour.'

The DUKE of EUTLAND is John Henry, the fifth,
who died in 1837, having won a Jockey Club Plate (w.o.)
in 1830 with Cadland and (also w.o.) in 1831 with Op-
pidan. He won the One Thousand in 1816 with Ehoda,
the Oaks in 1811 and 1814 with Sorcery and Medora,
and the Two Thousand and Derby in 1828 with Cad-
land, Cadland and The Colonel having first run a dead
heat for the Derby, the first on record for that race.

o 2

196 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

CHAPTEE VIII

THE LOEDS

LORD BELGEAVE (second Earl Grosvenor), whose father,
the first Earl, the great racer and bettor, lived well
into the * Second Period' (as he died in 1802), won a
Jockey Club Plate with Labrador in 1817, as Lord
Grosvenor, but he will be deferred till the * Third
Period' (since it was then that, as the first Marquess
of Westminster, he became most prominent on the
Turf).

LOED G. H. CAVENDISH (who was third and last
for a Jockey Club Plate with Furbisher to Lord
Verulam with Vitellina and the Hon. C. Wyndham with
a chestnut colt by Phantom in 1825) was a younger
brother of the fifth Duke of Devonshire, and is said
to have come in for the greater part of his uncle
Frederick's immense fortune. He ' went a-head ' in
his primrose days, but he appears to have had every-
body's good word. He was born in 1754, and soon
developed a taste for gambling, but bore himself so
coolly and discreetly that he was considered proof
against danger, and he was so beyond suspicion of

1835 THE LORDS 197

anything questionable that even the scurrilous Pigott
observes, ' We do not believe the mines of Peru could
seduce this nobleman to commit a dishonourable act.'
He maintained for many years upon the Turf the
prestige of the family which owned (but did not breed)
the famous * Devonshire ' or ' Flying ' Childers. He
won the Two Thousand with Nectar in 1816, the One
Thousand with Young Mouse in 1829, and the Ascot
Cup with Bizarre in 1824 and 1825. He bred and
owned Competitor (foaled 1786), the 'last of the
Eclipses ' that was named and ran (Horizon, foaled
1772, having been the first), and started him un-
successfully for the Derby of 1789. Competitor died
in 1816 ; Lord G. H. Cavendish about a quarter of a
century later, at a very great age.

LORD CHESTERFIELD is a title covering two per-
sonages, one of them already dealt with (and abused
by ' Louse ' Pigott) ; the other, the sixth Earl (son of
Pigott's, who was the fifth), who was born in 1805,
succeeded in 1815, received forfeit in 1831 with the
famous Priam for the Jockey Club Challenge Cup, won
the Eclipse Foot (for members of the Jockey Club only)
in 1834, and was a heavy bettor as well as a great
racer. A long minority had secured to him a vast
income when he came of age in 1826, and he at once
proceeded to expend a considerable part of it upon a
stud of racehorses. He had some notable successes.
He won the Ascot Cup with Zinganee in 1829, and
with Glaucus in 1834 ; the Goodwood Cup in 1831

198 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

and 1832 with Priam, and in 1836 and 1837 with
Hornsea and Carew ; the Oaks in 1838 and 1849 with
Industry and Lady Evelyn ; the St. Leger in 1838
with Don John ; and he issued two unaccepted chal-
lenges for the Whip, with Zinganee in 1831 and with
Glaucus in 1834. He was at one time confederate
with the famous Mr. C. C. Greville, Clerk of the
Council, and was for awhile Master of the Buck-
hounds, at his retirement from which office, in 1834,
there was given to him at the Clarendon a compli-
mentary dinner, of which somebody has thought it
worth while to preserve the following account :

Menu OP DINNER GIVEN IN MAY, 1834, TO LORD CHESTER-
FIELD, ON HIS QUITTING THE OFFICE OF MASTER OF
THE BUCKHOUNDS, AT THE CLARENDON.

The party consisted of thirty.

PREMIER SERVICE.

Potages. — Printanier a la reine, turtle (two tureens).

Poissons. — Turbot (lobster and Dutch sauces), saumon
a la Tartare, rougets a la Cardinal, friture de morue,
whitebait.

Eeleves. — Filet de bceuf a la Napolitaine, dindon a la
chipolate, timbale de macaroni, haunch of venison.

Entries. — Croquettes de volaille, petits pate's aux
huitres, cotelettes d'agneau puree de champignons, cote-
lettes d'agneau aux points d'asperge, fricandeau de veau a
'oseille, ris de veau pique aux tomates, cotelettes de pigeon
a la Dusselle, chartreuse de legumes aux faisans, filets de
canneton a la Biggarrade, boudins a la Richelieu, saute" de
volaille aux truffes, pate" de mouton monte".

Cote. — Bceuf roti, jambon, salade.

1835 THE LORDS 199

SECOND SERVICE.

Bdts. — Chapons, quails, turkey poults, green goose.

Entremets. — Asperges, haricots a la Fra^aise, mayon-
naise d'homard, gelee Macedoine, aspics d'reufs de pluvier,
Charlotte Busse, gelee au Marasquin, creme marbre (sic),
corbeille de patisserie, vol-au-vent de rhubarb, tourte
d'abricots, corbeille de Meringues, dressed crab, salade
au (sic) gelantine (sic), champignons aux fines herbes.

Beleves. — Soufflee a la vanille, Nesselrode pudding,
Adelaide sandwiches, fondues, pieces montees, &c.

DESSERT.

'The price,' we are told, 'was six guineas a head,'
and though that probably included ' something to
drink ' (if only a little beer), the dinner seems to have
been very dear at the price, even for the Clarendon
and for the time of year.

LORD DERBY (born 1752, died 1834) is the twelfth
Earl, grandson of the eleventh, and son of the noble-
man who persisted (as we have seen) in calling him-
self Lord Strange, and who introduced a Smith
(worth her weight in gold) among the aristocratic
Stanleys. The twelfth Earl won both the Jockey Club
Plates of 1783, with Oliver Cromwell and Guildford,
as well as the Oaks (which he was instrumental in
establishing, and which was named after his estate
The Oaks, purchased from his relative General Bur-
goyne, on Banstead Downs) in 1779, the very first
year it was run for, with Bridget, and in 1794 with
Hermione, and the Derby (which also he was instru-

200 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

mental in establishing, and which received its name
from him) in 1787 with the immortal Sir Peter
Teazle, commonly called Sir Peter tout bref, and not
only owned but bred by him. This of itself would be
enough to place the twelfth Earl of Derby on the
topmost pinnacle of fame as a member of the Jockey
Club and a supporter of the Turf. He was twice
married ; first to Lady Elizabeth Hamilton (from
whom he was divorced in the orthodox style of the
early members of the Jockey Club, whether because
she not unnaturally objected to cock-fighting in the
drawing-room, a practice to which the noble Earl was
addicted, or for a more potent reason, more cognisable
by law), sister and heiress of her brothers, the seventh
and eighth Dukes of Hamilton ; and secondly, to the
celebrated actress, Miss Ellen Farren, whose ' Lady
Teazle,' no doubt, suggested to the noble Earl a por-
tion of some of the names or a whole name given to
some of his horses, and who, having more than Lady
Elizabeth Hamilton can have had to gain by such
a matrimonial alliance, was more ready perhaps to
smile upon cock-fighting even in the drawing-room.
This lord had a pleasant, easy, reckless, selfish way
with him, according to Horace Walpals, who tells us
that the Earl ' nearly killed his cook with late
suppers,' and, when the heart-broken chef remons-
trated (at the same time admitting that the ' place '
was in other respects quite unexceptionable), bade the
poor man be content and put down c wear and tear of

1835 THE LOKDS 201

life ' at a fixed sum. We have already encountered
him in the character of a ' dun,' when he applied to
George Selwyn, the wit, for payment of a debt of
honour. Which of this noble Earl's characteristics it
was that made him so very popular — whether it was
the horse-racing or the hunting, to which he was
equally devoted, or the cock-fighting in the drawing-
room, or the late suppers and the cavalier treatment
of the long-suffering cook, or the elevation of an
actress to be the wearer of a coronet — is not easy to
determine ; but his popularity was tremendous, and,
* Ah, he was English, sir, from top to toe ! ' was said
of him by an admirer, with tears in his eyes, who was
probably himself a cock-fighter.

LORD EGREMONT is he who ran Claret for a Jockey
Club Plate in 1787, and of whom Horace Walpole,
we find, wrote (1774) : < Lord Thomond is dead . . .
could not bring himself to make a will . . . and the
whole real estate falls to his nephew, L. E.' He was
to have married Walpole's niece, Lady Maria Walde-
grave, but thought better (or rather very much worse)
of it (for which he is roundly abused by the moralist
of Strawberry Hill), and 'opted' to live unmarried
with a Miss Iliffe (who bore the name of Mrs. Wynd-
ham). He is said to have ' begun life with 45,OOOZ. a
year, and ended with 81,00(M. a year.' He naturally
took to Newmarket and horse-racing and horse-
breeding (witness Thomond House there, and the
Earl of Thomond' s stud in the time of Charles the

202 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Second), as became a relative of the Thomonds;
and when he slept with his fathers (November
11, 1837, in his eighty-sixth year), he had bred
Gohanna (the Ney of racehorses, the gamest of the
game, though Waxy was one too many for him), and
had won the Derby five times (1782, 1804, 1805,
1807, 1826, with Assassin, Hannibal, Cardinal Beau-
fort, Election, and Lapdog), and the Oaks — oddly
enough — exactly the same number of times (1788,
1789, 1795, 1800, and 1820, with Nightshade, Tag,
Platina, Ephemera, and Caroline), as well as the
Goodwood Cup (in 1825 and 1826, with Cricketer and
Stumps), a specially appropriate trophy for him, as
Goodwood races were the successors, as it were, of the
races which had been held by Lord Egremont at
Petworth, where, it may be remarked in passing, a
most mysterious murrain (in 1825) raged not only
among the blood-stock but among the cart-mares and
even the asses, causing great mortality and never
traced to any ascertainable source. It is related of
this Lord Egremont that he was by natural constitu-
tion so disinclined for a legitimate alliance with the
other sex as to declare his honest conviction that, if
he were to marry, he should inevitably hang himself,
and yet of so benevolent a disposition that he for
many years spent 20,OOOL annually in relieving dis-
tress and contributing to charitable institutions.

LORD EXETER, who by family name ' strains back '
to the very early days of horse-racing (for we find the

1835 THE LOEDS 203

Hon. William Cecil racing in company with Her
Majesty Queen Anne for Her Majesty's own Gold Cap,
at York in 1713), is the second Marquess (born 1795,
succeeded 1804, died 1867), who appears in the official
list of 1835 (having, almost certainly, been a member
some years before), and was a great upholder of the
Turf, of an excellent type. He won the Two Thousand
in 1825, 1829, 1830, and 1852, with Enamel, Patron,
Augustus, and Stockwell (having just been in time to
purchase this great horse as a yearling from Mr.
Theobald, the hosier, his breeder, who was near his
end) ; the One Thousand in 1832, with the ' flying '
Galata; the Oaks in 1821, 1829, and 1832, with
Augusta, Green Mantle, and Galata; the St. Leger
in 1852, with Stockwell ; and the Whip in 1854, with
Stockwell. Add to all this a number of matches, and
the Ascot Cup, with Galata in 1833. How unfortunate
he was not to win the Derby with Stockwell (amiss,
as he so often was) needs no demonstration. This is
the Lord Exeter whose name is associated with a
well-known but ill-understood method of selling race-
horses, which are then said to be sold ' under Lord
Exeter's conditions ' (as he was the originator of the
process). Those conditions, as they are imperfectly
* under standed of the people,' it may be well to append :

The horses are sold without their engagements, but
the purchaser has the right of running for any of them by
paying half the stake, and in the event of the horse whining,
or being entitled to second or third money, one-third shall

204 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

be paid to the vendor, but the vendor reserves to himself
the right of striking the horse out of any race in time to
save a minor forfeit or discount, unless the purchaser shall
give notice that he wishes to run for any particular race,
when he will become liable for half the stake or forfeit.
Horses purchased under Lord Exeter's conditions cannot
be resold under the same conditions without the written
consent of the original vendor.

These conditions are now officially recognised by the
Jockey Club and inserted in the Eules of Eacing.
Briefly, they exempt the purchaser from all vexatious
liabilities.

LOED FOLEY (though his father, the confederate of
the Hon. and Eight Hon. C. J. Fox, overlaps into this
period, since he died in 1793) is, of course, William
Thomas, third Baron of the second creation, who ran
Duenna for the Jockey Club Plate won by Lord
Grosvenor with Labrador in 1817 ; and that is as
much as need be said about him.

LORD JERSEY, who won a Jockey Club Plate with
Cannon-ball in 1818, is the fifth Earl (succeeded 1809,
died 1859), who was twice Master of the Horse. He
was perhaps the most conspicuous member of the
Jockey Club and patron of the Turf in his time. It
was he who was for a time confederated with the great
Turfite Sir J. Shelley (sixth Baronet, of Phantom and
Cedric celebrity), and he kept an excellent stud at
Middleton Stony (whence the name of two famous
horses), Oxon, and, so far as his family name of Villiers
goes, he carries us back in memory to the Duke of

1835 THE LORDS 205

Buckingham's Helmsley Turk, bred by the Lord-
Protector Cromwell's stud-groom, one Mr. Place. His
famous horses included the two Middletons (chestnut
by Phantom, and bay by Sultan), Mameluke, and
Glenartney. The chestnut Middleton (like Amato in
1838) was a case of ' Veni, vidi, vici,' for he came out
for the first and only time in 1825, won the Derby,
and disappeared from public life. Glenartney was his
own brother, and, according to public statement at the
time, could not have lost the Derby of 1827, for which
Lord Jersey started his other ' crack,' Mameluke also,
and won with this other, whereat there was a great
outcry. There had been no ' declaration ' ; but, on
the contrary, it was publicly stated that Lord Jersey's
jockeys had positive orders to run independently.
Still, as Lord Jersey and his friends were supposed to
have derived advantage from the result, there was,
of course, much unpleasantness and sarcastic con-
gratulation, especially when Lord Jersey refused
5,000 guineas for Glenartney after the race and sold
Mameluke for 4,000 guineas at Ascot. On the other
hand, Mameluke is known to have been a most un-
generous, uncertain brute, but a * tickler ' when in the
mood ; and, moreover, a jockey (and that jockey the
notorious Harry Edwards) may think sometimes that
he may disobey orders if that will win his employer's
bets (and his own).

Lord Jersey won the Derby in 1825, 1827, and
1836, with Middleton, Mameluke, and Bay Middleton ;

THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

the Oaks in 1824, with Cobweb ; the Two Thousand
in 1831 and 1834-37, with Eiddlesworth, Glencoe,
Ibrahim, Bay Middleton, and Achmet ; the One
Thousand in 1824 and 1830, with Cobweb and
Charlotte West ; the Ascot Cup in 1835, with Glencoe ;
and the Goodwood Cup in 1834, with Glencoe. The
fifth Earl died on October 3, 1859, and singularly
enough, his son and successor, the sixth Earl, on the
24th of the same month in the same year.

LORD LOWTHER, who ran Tot for a Jockey Club
Plate in 1808, and is famous in Turf annals for
winning the Derby of 1831, with the outsider Spaniel
(at 50 to 1), beating Lord Jersey's strong favourite
Eiddlesworth (at 6 to 4 on), must be he who became (in
1844) the second Earl of Lonsdale, President of the
Council in 1852, and died in 1872. How much the
Turf has been and is indebted to the Lowthers has
been shown in the case of Sir J. Lowther, member of
the Jockey Club in the ' First Period.' Lord Low-
ther's descendant, the fourth Earl, who won the Two
Thousand with Pilgrimage, does not appear to have
been invited to become a member of the Jockey Club,
to the advantage of the Club and to the credit of its
discernment.

LORD SACKVLLLE, who ran second with Sober Kobin
to Lord Darlington with St. George for a Jockey Club
Plate in 1797, was the second Viscount Sackville and
fifth and last Duke of Dorset (having succeeded in
1815 his young cousin, who met with a fatal accident

1835 THE LORDS 207

out hunting, when only just of age). It may be well to
write a few words of explanation on the subject. The
first Duke of Dorset, then, created 1720, and Lord-
Lieutenant of Ireland (1730-37 and 1750-55),
had several sons, of whom the third was George
Sackville (better but not more favourably known as
that strange compound of gallantry and apparent
cowardice, Lord George Germaine, the name and title
which he had been permitted to assume), who (died
April 1785) was created Viscount Sackville ; and his son,
the second Viscount and fifth and last Duke of Dorset,
died unmarried on July 29, 1843, when all the honours
became extinct. He was temporary owner or nomi-
nator of many good horses, including Kitt Carr,
Silver, Magic, Spread-Eagle (Sir F. Standish's, winner
of the Derby in 1795), Commodore, Expectation (won
a Jockey Club Plate in 1800), and Dick Andrews
(w.o. for a Jockey Club Plate in 1803). In 1814 he
ran Hocus-pocus (Lord Sufneld's) under his title of
Lord Sackville, and in 1815 of Duke of Dorset, under
which title he appears in the Jockey Club list of 1835.
It is of the poor fourth young Duke (whether a
member of the Jockey Club or not there is no saying,
as he only came of age in November 1814 and
met with his fatal accident in Ireland in February
1815) that the story is told about ' the gross irreligion
of sportsmen.' It appears that he was placed by
Lord Powerscourt and other friends on one of those
hard and slippery couches (of which many of us must

208 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

have had experience) to be found in country inns,
and feeling himself gliding apparently to the ground
exclaimed, ' I'm off ! ' which Mrs. Grundy, as it was
just before he died, attributed to profanity.

LORD SHERBORNE (born 1744, died 1820), by name
a Button (James, son of the great Turfite James
Lenox Button, who was running Ajax, by Second,
and many other good horses all over the country
about the time or even before that the Jockey Club
was foaled), won a Jockey Club Plate with Spectre in
1784, in which year, having been M.P. for Gloucester
for many years, he was created Lord Sherborne, from
the family estate of Sherborne, Gloucestershire. How
great the Buttons were upon the Turf may be inferred
from the fact that a certain course at Newmarket was
named Button's Course after one of them ; though it
has not held its own, as ' Kowley's Mile ' and ' Bun-
bury 's Mile,' and so on, but has passed away from
remembrance, like the 'Buke's Course ' and the 'Cler-
mont Course,' and the rest of them. The name of
the family was originally Naper, which Lord Sher-
borne's next brother, William (Ealph being the third),
resumed on succeeding to the Naper portion of the
family property at his father's death (about 1775).
Hence the records of racing may be found a little
puzzling sometimes ; the same horse appearing under
the name both of Button and Naper occasionally.

[LORD STAWELL], having found his way on to the
list without credentials that can be verified beyond a

1835 THE LORDS 209

doubt, is retained (in a bracket) on grounds of high
probability, even if it cannot be said of him, as Voltaire
said of the Prophet Habakkuk, *il etait capable de
tout.' He was apparently Henry Stawell, son of the
Rl. Hon. Bilson Legge (who had married the lady
created Baroness Stawell in 1760), and he seems to have
succeeded to his mother's title in 1780, and to have
died in 1820, leaving no male issue, so that the title
became extinct, and, being unfamiliar accordingly, is
often written erroneously Stowell. His only daughter
had married in 1803 a son of Lord Sherborne, himself
a mighty racer. Lord Stawell was a very noticeable
Turfite, and won the Derby with Blucher in 1814.
He had a curious horse in Goldenleg (so-called because
it was a bay with one chestnut leg), which died on its
way to the Cape, about 1817, after having belonged
to Lord G. H. Cavendish ; and one of the few twins
(besides Mr. Rogers's Nicolo) that were ever worth a
rap in Elizabeth, by Waxy (ran unplaced for the
Oaks of 1803).

LOKD STRADBROKE is a title which covers two per-
sonages, father and son, the first and the second
Earls.

The first Earl (born 1750, died 1827), who ran
second for a Jockey Club Plate in 1822 with Incan-
tator to Lord Egremont with Centaur, and who is
better known on the Turf, as well as in * Hansard,'
under the style and title of Sir John Rous, and after-
wards Lord Rous, winner of the Two Thousand with

210 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Tigris in 1815, and owner of Jerboa (by Gohanna), and
most of her progeny, though not without claims to
rank among the benefactors of the Turf and orna-
ments of the Jockey Club, cannot of course compare
in those respects with his two famous sons, the second
Earl of Stradbroke and the memorable Captain (and
Admiral) Eous. As for the racing strain in the
family, witness a Major Eous who runs against the
notorious Mr. Tregonwell Frampton at Newmarket
in 1721. There is reason to believe that they do err
who attribute to this family the origin of the expres-
sion ' Bravo, Eous ! ' (tracing it to the Admiral's feat
with his ship Pique) ; one Eous, who kept the Eagle
Tavern in the City Eoad, and performed to the great
delight of the vulgar at his theatre there, is said to
have been the true first great cause of the popular
cry, now almost obsolete, and of the interpretation
placed upon the letters 'O.P.Q.E.,' namely, '0 par-
ticularly queer Eous.'

The second EAEL of STRADBEOKE, John Edward
Cornwallis Eous (born 1794, died 1886, at the great
age of 91-92), was a member of the Jockey Club long
before he appears on the list of 1835 in company with
his brother, Captain the Hon. H. Eous ; in fact, they
are both expressly stated in print and on good
authority to have been elected members of the Club
in 1821, during their father's lifetime. The second
Earl was probably greater as a patron of coursing
than of horse-racing, though he won the Two Thou-

1835 THE LORDS 211

sand with Idas in 1845, and was for a time con-
federate with the Duke of Kichmond ; and he paled
before his brother, the Admiral, with whom he had
originally been associated. Not that the ' Great
Twin Brethren ' were all their lives altogether at one
on all questions connected with the Turf. They were,
no doubt, both equally anxious for the improvement
of its morality, as well as of its business and the
accessories thereof, but they differed often, not to say
generally, and voted on opposite sides. The Admiral,
for instance, was very angry with people who said
that the English racehorse had degenerated; the
Earl agreed with them. The Admiral and the Earl,
moreover, voted on opposite sides on Sir J. Hawley's
proposal in 1869 to limit the racing of two-year-olds,
the Earl being for the limitation and the Admiral
against. When two such honest experts differ on
such questions it seems almost hopeless to arrive at
the true conclusion.

LORD SUFFIELD is a title which covers two single
gentlemen ; the first is he who married the co-heiress
of the Earl of Buckingham, and was well known on
the Turf as Mr. Harbord before he aired his lordship
at Ipswich in 1810, which was eleven years before he
ran Vandyke Junior for a Jockey Club Plate in
1821, in which year he diad ; and the other (? son of
the former) is he who was ' obliged to decline the
Turf ' in 1839, but had already deserved honourable
mention for joining those members of the Jockey

p 2

212 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Club who protested in 1837 against the sale of the
Eoyal Stud at Hampton Court.

LORD TAVISTOCK is the Marquess of Tavistock who
ran his mare Leeway for a Jockey Club Plate in 1828,
and he will be better dealt within the ' Third Period '
as Duke of Bedford (the seventh, nephew of the fifth,
the great racing Duke), to which title he succeeded on
the death of his father in 1839.

LORD YERULAM (first Earl) won a Jockey Club Plate
with Vitellina (by Comus) in 1825, and seems to have
aired his new-fledged title (created 1815) first of all
in 1819 at Ascot, running his roan filly Vaharina
for the Wokingham Stakes. This Lord Verulam (a
Grimston) has nothing, of course, but his title and
his property at Gorhambury Park, near St. Albans,
Herts, in common with the celebrated Lord Bacon
(who, as if he had not worked sufficiently in his own
line, has been credited in our own day with the
achievements of the voluminous William Shakespeare) ;
but he deserves to be commemorated as a public bene-
factor for instituting races at Gorhambury, which at
one time bade fair to rival Goodwood (bar the Trundle
Hill and the scenery generally). Gorhambury came
to the family through their ancestor Sir Harbottle (or
Airbottle) Grimston (' barrow-knighted ' in the reign
of James the First), descended, it is said, from a
de Grimston who * came over with the Conqueror ' ;
but the estate is, of course, called after Eobert de
Gorliam, with whose four-legged namesake Lord

1835 THE LORDS 213

Verulam ran second to Attila for the Derby of 1842
at 100 to 1 against his winning, having won two or
three times with him at Gorhambury previously. It
was the * Gothic ' father of this first Earl who is
said to have destroyed Lord Bacon's old place and
built a new one.

But perhaps the Grimston whose memory is most
cherished by sportsmen of all descriptions is Kobert,
fourth son of the first Earl of Verulam ; that all-round
sportsman who was well-known on the Turf, better in
the hunting-field, and best as President of the M.C.C.
and who died in 1884, aged sixty-seven.

214 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773

CHAPTEK IX

THE COMMONERS

SIR J. BYNG, who won a Jockey Club Plate with
Morisco in 1824, was of course the gallant General
and Field-Marshal Sir John Byng, created Baron
Strafford in 1839 and Earl of Strafford in 1847, father
of the late Earl (George Stevens Byng), who was also
a member of the Jockey Club. Sir John was a very
great racing man, unfortunately of the betting per-
suasion, whereby hangs a tale of a long friendship
which should have had a nobler origin ; for it is said
that his long friendship with the late General Peel
— another regrettable example of the betting persua-
sion— began when the latter, being a subaltern, dined
at the mess of a regiment of which the former was
colonel. During dinner the colonel expressed a desire
to take 50 to 1 about a certain horse for the St. Leger,
and was electrified by hearing the stranger-subaltern,
whose presence he had not noticed, take him up with
the ready response of * I will lay you fifty hundreds to
one, sir.' "Whether the future Field-Marshal accepted
the offer, and was drawn towards the subaltern by the

1835 THE COMMONERS 215

powerful attraction of 5,OOOZ., is not stated ; but it is
more likely that he lost his own ' century.'

Sir CHARLES DAVERS, Bart., ran Attack for a
Jockey Club Plate in 1777. He was apparently son
of Sir Robert Davers, M.P., a mighty Nimrod, whose
name is found among the subscribers to Heber's
1 Calendar ' about 1760. Sir Charles, who was like-
wise a mighty Nimrod, M.F.H., M.P. for Edmundsbury
(alias Bury St. Edmunds), was of Eougham, Suffolk,
and, like so many of the early members of the Jockey
Club, appears to have belonged to a family of West
Indian connections. Sir Charles would be remark-
able if only as one of the few members of the Jockey
Club against whom * Louse ' Pigott can find nothing
to say ; but he is also remarkable as a great bene-
factor of the Turf. For, at the death of the famous
Mr. Jenison Shafto, and the consequent sale at New-
market, October 24, 1771, he purchased the brood-
mare Miss Eamsden (by Cade), and from her bred
Quicksand, Wormwood, Whipcord, and above all the
celebrated Woodpecker, a great racehorse, and one of
the very greatest sires of the ' Stud Book.' In his
capacity of M.F.H. also Sir Charles was remarkable,
for it is recorded that his pack of hounds on one
occasion found a leash of foxes, whereupon it split up
into three packs, each of which had a splendid run
and killed. Sir Charles, again, was remarkable in
being the last of his race (so far as the baronetcy
was concerned), for he, like the famous Turfite Sir

216 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

T. Gascoigne (as we have seen), lost his only son
(who was a captain in the navy, and caught yellow
fever on service), in 1804; so that the title became
extinct.

Sir FREDERICK EVELYN, who ran second to Lord
Sackville for a Jockey Club Plate in 1800, was one of
the oldest members of the Jockey Club when Pigott
sneered at his ' pitiful desire of excelling and distin-
guishing himself at a country race,' and at his having
* acquired a particular and curious method of making
a horse sink while measuring for a give-and-take plate.'
However this may have been, it is certain that Sir
Frederick was the owner of some good horses (in-
cluding Signal and Atom, both by the Damascus
Arabian, as early as 1769, and Prize, by Snap, and
Gallant, by Dorimant, later) ; and that he ran
"Wotton (by Vauxhall Snap) for the very first Derby
(1780), and bred Egham, Maria (sister to Wotton),
and Mira (by Woodpecker), &c. So that he con-
tributed to the good cause. The family seems to
have been connected by marriage with the Boscawens
(in fact, Sir Frederick's father, Sir John, married a
daughter of Viscount Falmouth), whence the familiar
name of Evelyn Boscawen, Viscount Falmouth, late
pillar of the Turf, if the expression be admissible.

Sir H. FETHERSTON, Bart., though his member-
ship of the Jockey Club may not be proved quite to
demonstration by actual facts, may be confidently
accepted on Pigott 's evidence, backed by hereditary

1835 THE COMMONERS 217

connection (r. Sir M. Fetherstonhaugh in the * First
Period ') and by other signs and tokens (v. Prince of
Wales, with whom Sir H. Fetherston was intimate,
and for whom he rode), and is he who ran third
with Smart, afterwards Claret (by Bourdeaux), for the
Derby in 1786, and second for the Oaks with Countess
(by Count, Mr. ' Chillaby ' Jennings's) in 1782.

Sir JOHN LADE, Bart., whose membership of the
Jockey Club is proved by his running Adonis for a
Jockey Club Plate in 1780, when he was but twenty-
three years of age, is not to be confounded, of course,
with his quasi-kinsman, ' Counsellor ' Lade (so-called
because he was bred to the law, which he neglected
for the Turf, whereon he ran half-starved horses), who
died in 1799. Sir John is he to whom Dr. Johnson,
the lexicographer, addressed the lines ' On a Young
Heir's coming of Age,' containing the sarcastic
quatrain :

Wealth, my lad, was made to wander ;

Let it wander, as it will ;

Call the jockey, call the pander,

Bid them come and take their fill.

How the lexicographer came to be acquainted with
such a young 'rip ' is very easily made out, for young
Lade's mother was sister to Henry Thrale, the Lades
and the Thrales were feUow-brewers at one time in
Southwark, and young Lade was ' uncle Thrale's '
ward. Not that Sir John was a true Lade ; for his
father was an Inskip, a cousin apparently of a Sir

218 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

John Lade, Bart., a brewer (who died in 1747, when the
baronetcy became extinct), and inherited the brewer's
property, assumed his name, and was himself created
a Baronet in 1758, died apparently the very next
year, and was succeeded in title and property by
Dr. Johnson's young friend. Sir John, the member
of the Jockey Club, made a questionable marriage
with a certain Mrs. Smith (' off the streets,' according
to Pigott), died without issue (at Egham) in 1838, at
the age of eighty-one, and the title again became extinct.
Sir John had evidently ceased to be a member of the
Jockey Club before his death, for his name is not in
the official list for 1835. He was remarkable for
many things : for his intimacy with the ' First Gentle-
man ' Prince of Wales (whose famous hunter Notting-
ham had been his, though he did not breed the horse,
and whose ' gentleman-coachman ' he was) ; for his
skill as a * whip ' (to which, no doubt, he owed his
preferment as coachman to the heir to the Throne,
and which is said to have been so great that he made a
bet to drive the wheels of his i coach ' over a sixpence
placed upon the road, and ' realised the stakes ') ; for
his riding, whether of horse or mule (and he rode
matches on both at Newmarket, once, as we have
seen, on Clifden, in 1792, when he was beaten by the
young Duke of Bedford on Dragon) ; for being the
first person to appear in public in trousers (according
to the scroll of Fame) ; and for winning a wager
under the following amusing circumstances. He,

1835 THE COMMONERS 219

being a little man and a light weight, made a bet
(not of large amount, else perhaps decency would
have gone to the wall) that he would carry on his
back Lord Cholmondeley, being a big man and a
heavy weight, twice round the Steyne at Brighton,
in 1795. The story of the wager got about, and a
number of ladies assembled to see such sport. Lord
Cholmondeley with great confidence essayed to mount,
but Sir John slipped away, saying, ' Strip ! ' Lord
Cholmondeley turned pale, repeating, ' Strip ! What
the devil do you mean ? ' Said Sir John, * I betted
that I would carry you, not you and your clothes ;
your clothes are more than 2 Ib. over weight. So
make haste and strip; you are keeping the ladies
waiting.' This pointed observation was too much for
the noble lord, who was unequal to the occasion and
was compelled to acknowledge that he had lost the
wager. If it had been possible, Dr. Johnson's opinion
as to his young friend's liability to carry clothes upon
the occasion would have been worth hearing ; but Sir
John had evidently cut his eye-teeth.

Sir FERDINANDO POOLE (who won Jockey Club
Plates in 1794, 1795, and 1796, with Waxy, Keren-
happuch, and Pelter, and the Derby with the illus-
trious Waxy, the ' ace of trumps ' of the whole pack
of sires, from his time to the time of Touchstone)
came of a very ancient family in Cheshire, with seats
at Poole, Wirrall, Cheshire, and The Friary, Lewes,
Sussex, succeeded Sir Henry in the baronetcy in

220 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

1767, and was himself succeeded by the Kev. Sir
Henry in 1804, with whom the title was extinguished.
He was not only the owner but also the breeder of
Waxy ; and Waxy was one too many for Gohanna,
and was the sire of 'Waxy ' Pope, Whalebone, Whisker,
Music, Minuet, &c. ; so that Sir F. Poole did his duty
as a ' Father of the Turf ' to an extremely lively tune.

Sir F. STANDISH, of Duxbury, Lancashire, winner
of the Derby in 1795, 1796, 1799, with Spread Eagle,
Didelot, and Archduke, and of the Oaks in 1786 and 1796
with the Perdita filly (known as The Yellow Filly, by
Tandem) and with Parisot (so-called after a famous
she-dancer of the day, cf. Baccelli, Violante, &c.), was
' Frank ' Standish, whose Christian name is not a
diminutive of Francis, but the surname of his cousins
(the Franks of Campsall, Yorks), to whom his property
(as he died intestate, suddenly, of apoplexy, whilst
his servant was preparing breakfast, in Lower Gros-
venor Street, 1812) descended. He ran second for a
Jockey Club Plate in 1786 with Lepicq, when the
Duke of Graf ton won with Oberon.

Sir HARRY TEMPEST VANE, otherwise Sir HARRY
VANE TEMPEST, Bart., whose famous Cockfighter was
beaten by Mr. F. Dawson's Quiz for a Jockey Club
Plate in 1802, bears a name redolent of horse-racing
from the earliest times to the present day, when it is
represented on the list of the Jockey Club by Mar-
quesses of Londonderry. Sir H. T. Vane, or Sir H.
V. Tempest, was he who purchased (in 1796) Ham-

1835 THE COMMONERS 221

bletonian, and ran the great match with him against
Mr. Cookson's Diamond in 1799 at Newmarket ; after
which Sir Harry is said to have ridden Hambletonian
in the Park, where it would create a sensation nowa-
days to see an Ormonde ridden by a Duke of West-
minster, or a Donovan by a Duke of Portland, or any
winner of Derby or St. Leger by any member of the
Jockey Club.

Sir HEDWORTH WILLIAMSON, Bart., who was beaten
with Walton by the Duke of Grafton with Parasol for
a Jockey Club Plate in 1805, was another of the great
Northern lights of the Turf and of the Jockey Club.
He won the Derby twice — in 1803 with Ditto (by Sir
Peter) and in 1808 with Pan (by St. George). Ditto
(ridden by W. Clift) was said to have been the only
horse up to his day who had won the Derby ' in a
trot ' (though, of course, it may have been done since) ;
and the fact was commemorated by the curious name
of Trotinda (foaled in 1822, a daughter of Zorai'da and
Ditto), which would be incomprehensible to anybody
unacquainted with the reason. Sir Hedworth's
Christian name is continued to this day among the
members of the Jockey Club in the person of Mr.
Hedworth Trelawney Barclay (descended maternally,
it is understood, from Sir Hedworth Williamson),
owner of the great handicap-horse Bendigo, so popular
with the public. The baronetcy dates from 1642, but
the only one of the Baronets to distinguish himself
greatly upon the Turf appears to have been he who

222 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

owned (and apparently bred) the own brothers Ditto
and Walton (a great sire, of St. Patrick, winner of the
St. Leger, and of Partisan, &c.) and their half-brother
Pan ; but that is enough for a single member of the
Jockey Club.

Sir MARK WOOD, who received forfeit for the Jockey
Club Challenge Cup both with Lucetta (by Eeveller)
in 1830 and with Camarine (by Juniper) in 1 832, was
he whose early death in 1837 was so deeply regretted
by the friends of the Turf. He had been racing since
1829 only, after selling his ' estate and borough of
Gatton, in Surrey, to Lord Monson for 180,OOOL' — of
which sum (such was the value of a ' borough ' in the
' good old times ') it is calculated that Lord Monson
lost about lOOjOOOZ. by the passing of the Eeform Bill
— and removed to Hare Park, Newmarket. Sir Mark
' illustrated ' both himself and the Turf by the per-
formances of his two famous mares, already men-
tioned (of which Camarine was bred by the eccentric
Lord Berners, and Lucetta by Mr. Stanlake Batson
— neither by Sir Mark himself), a pair surpassing,
perhaps, the excellence in performance of the cele-
brated Beeswing and Alice Hawthorne, though neither
of the former produced a Newminster or a Thormanby,
or even a Nunnykirk or an Oulston. Sir Mark won
the Ascot Cup in 1830-31-32 ; the Oaks in 1833 ; the
One Thousand in 1831 ; and yet his whole stud (at
the sale which took place after his death), consisting
of six brood-mares, seven horses in training, three

1835 THE COMMONERS 223

two-year-olds, five yearlings, and four foals, fetched a
little less than 9,000 guineas, though Camarine and
Lucetta were among them. Horseflesh was com-
paratively cheap in those days ; or there were no
Colonels North and Barons Hirsch and Messrs. Blun-
dell Maple to pour out money like water.

Of the Messieurs who can be proved to have been
members of the Jockey Club, Mr. Stanlake Batson
ran his bay mare Luss for a Jockey Club Plate in
1822 ; Mr. (or Captain) Bertie is he who ran Hugh
Capet (or Capnt) for a Jockey Club Plate in 1780 ; Mr.
Bullock ran Messenger for a Jockey Club Plate in 1784 ;
Mr. Cookson won a Jockey Club Plate in 1798, with
Ambrosio ; Mr. Cussans is he who ran second with
Wouvermans to Lord Jersey with Cannon-Bali in
1819 ; Mr. Dawson is he who won a Jockey Club
Plate with Coriander in 1793, and with Quiz in 1802 ;
Mr. Delme (afterwards D. Eadclyffe) is he who ran
Petruchio for the Jockey Club Plate won by the Duke
of Grafton with Parasol in 1805, and was the ' double '
(on the Turf) of George the Fourth and William the
Fourth ; Mr. Douglas is he who won a Jockey Club Plate
in 1778 with Bourdeaux, and another in 1779 with Sting
(both by Herod) ; Mr. Dutton is he who is known to
have been one of the Stewards of the Jockey Club at
the time of the Prince of Wales 's trouble about
Escape in 1791-92; Mr. Gascoyne is he who ran
Thetford for a Jockey Club Plate in 1776, and is
identified with Joseph Gascoyne, Esq., a ' keeper of

224 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

the Eoyal Stables,' but is often wrongly confused with
Mr. Gascoigne (whose original name was Oliver),
winner of the St. Leger in 1811 and 1824; Mr.
(General, or even Field-Marshal) Gower is he who
ran second with Pelisse to Mr. Lake with Nymphina
for a Jockey Club Plate in 1808 ; Mr. (General and
also Field-Marshal) Grosvenor is he who won a
Jockey Club Plate with Defiance in 1813 ; Mr. Hale,
of King's Walden, Herts, High Sheriff, uncle of Lord
Verulam, having married a Miss Grimston in 1777,
is he who ran for Jockey Club Plates with Dromedary
in 1787, and previously with Camel in 1785, and died
at a great age in 1829 ; Mr. Hallett is he who ran
third for a Jockey Club Plate with Stickler in 1797,
was second with Stickler for the Derby of 1796, and
second for the Oaks in 1800 with Wowski (bred, how-
ever, by Sir Ferdinando Poole), the illustrious dam of
the great Smolensko, winner of both Two Thousand
and Derby in 1813 ; Mr. (Colonel) Hanger is he who
ran Columbine for a Jockey Club Plate in 1776, and
was the Hon. George, youngest of three brothers
successively Earls of Coleraine ; Mr. Howorth is he
who ran Vole and Plantagenet for Jockey Club Plates
in 1800 and 1806, and was confederate for a time
with the * Pha.ntom ' Sir John Shelley, and is believed
to be identical with the gentleman who (having the
celebrated Colonel Mellish for his second) stripped to
the ' buff' to fight a duel with the Earl of Barrymore,
lest any particle of clothes should get into any wound

1885 THE COMMONERS 225

that might be inflicted; Mr. Jennings is the un-
fortunate Mr. Henry Constantine (alias ' Chillaby ')
Jennings, who ran Count for a Jockey Club Plate in
1777, and of whom more will be said presently ; Mr.
Kingsman is he who ran Olive, winner of the Two
Thousand for Mr. Wyndham in 1814, for a Jockey
Club Plate in 1816 ; Mr. Lake is he in whose name
Nymphina won a Jockey Club Plate in 1805, who was,
apparently, Mr. Warwick Lake, Master of the Horse
to the Duke of York, and third and youngest son (and
third and last Viscount Lake) of the celebrated General
Lake (Lord Lake, of Delhi and Laswaree), and who
died in 1848, having ceased, apparently, to be a
member of the Jockey Club, as his name does not
appear on the list of 1835 ; Mr. Lamb is he wrho,
according to Admiral Eous (very likely indeed to
know), was a Steward of the Jockey Club in 1797
(v. ' Horse-Racing,' p. 68), and who must have been
the Hon. J. Peniston Lamb (son of Lord Melbourne),
M.P. for Herts from 1802 to 1805 (in which year he
died), of Brocket Hall, where races were held under
the auspices of the Lords Melbourne and their
family ; Mr. Maynard is he who ran his chestnut colt
Smith for a Jockey Club Plate in 1786 ; Mr. Mellish
is, of course, the famous Colonel Mellish, of whom ar.d
his ruin everybody has heard, and who won a Jockey
Club Plate with Staveley in 1806 ; Mr. Neville (after-
wards Lord Braybrooke in 1825, and editor of ' Pepys's
Journal ') is the Hon. Richard, who won a Jockey

Q

226 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Club Plate with his filly Eidicule in 1814, and won
the tremendous match in 1816 with Sir Joshua (died
in December of the same year) against Mr. Houlds-
worth with Filho da Puta ; Mr. O'Kelly, nephew and
heir of the adventurer O'Kelly, owner of Eclipse, is
he who ran Car dock for a Jockey Club Plate in 1793 ;
Mr. Parker, afterwards Lord Boringdon, is John
Parker, Esq., of Boringdon and Saltram, Devon, who
ran Anvil for a Jockey Club Plate in 1784, and won
the Derby with Saltram (bred by him), by Eclipse, in
1783 ; Mr. C. Pigott (or ' Louse ' Pigott) is he who
ran Piccadilly, &c., in 1774, &c., for Jockey Club
Plates, and of whom more will be said hereafter ;
Mr. (Captain and Admiral) Kous is the Hon. H. Eous,
who, as everybody knows, was for many years a father
to the Jockey Club and a dictator to the Turf ; Mr.
Kush is George Eush, Esq., who is made out to have
been born 1782, died 1848, to have been of alder-
manic antecedents, par les femmes, J.P., D.L., High
Sheriff of Northamptonshire, and to have run a
chestnut colt by Eubens for a Jockey Club Plate in
1823; Mr. Shakspear is Arthur Shakspear, Esq.,
who ran Nuncio for a Jockey Club Plate in 1810 ;
Mr. Taylor is he who ran second with St. George
(Mr. Herrick's) for a Jockey Club Plate won by
Buzzard in 1794 ; Mr. Thornhillis the famous Master
of Eiddlesworth, who ran Anticipation for a Jockey
Club Plate in 1817 ; Mr. (or Colonel) Udney is he
who ran Barmecide for a Jockey Club Plate in 1822,

1835 THE COMMONERS 227

won the Derby with Emilius in 1823, and the One
Thousand and the Oaks in 1818 with Corinne, and
was John Robert Fullarton Udney (born at Leghorn
in 1772, died 1861), of Udney Castle and Dudwick,
Aberdeen; Mr. Vansittart is he who won a Jockey
Club Plate with Burleigh in 1811 ; Mr. (H.) Vernon
is he who ran Eatoni for a Jockey Club Plate in 1774 ;
Mr. Villiers (apparently identical with the Eight Hon.
J. C., who succeeded his unmarried brother as third
Earl of Clarendon, and died in 1838) is he who won a
Jockey Club Plate with Don Cossack in 1815 ; Mr.
Walker is he who was fourth with Antipas for a
Jockey Club Plate in 1776; Mr. Watson (the Hon.
George Watson, a relative of Lord Eockingham and
Mr. Peregrine Wentworth, and therefore bound to
have racehorse on the brain) is he who ran St.
George (Lord Darlington's) for a Jockey Club Plate
in 1798 ; Mr. Wilson is he who was so well known
and so popular as Mr. * Kit ' (Christopher) Wilson,
the ' Father of the Turf ' in his old age, and who won
a Jockey Club Plate in 1794 with Buzzard; Mr.
Wortley (the Eight Hon. Stuart Wortley, who became
Lord Wharncliffe in 1826 and died in 1845) is he who
is known to have been a Steward of the Jockey Club
in 1827, when the case of Mr. Hawkins, who had been
' warned off,' established the right of the Jockey Club
to exercise their ' warning power ' ;. and Mr. Wynd-
ham (the Hon. C. Wyndham, brother to the Earl of
Egremont, and at one time Secretary at W^ar) is he

228 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

who won a Jockey Club Plate with the celebrated
Drone in 1785, and again in 1786, but is of course
overshadowed among the members of the Jockey Club
by his * big brother ' who ' belonged to ' Gohanna.

Having thus established their membership of the
Jockey Club in the case of all these gentlemen, we
may proceed to say a little more about some of
them.

Let us single out Messrs. Charles Pigott and Con-
stantine Jennings, because both, though in different
ways, were ' shocking examples ' of the Jockey Club ;
because both belonged rather, perhaps, to the * First
Period ' than to the ' Second Period/ though proofs of
their membership are found in the latter; and because
they were evidently acquaintances as well as fellows
in misfortune.

Mr. Charles Pigott is the poor gentleman whose
decease was announced in a public paper after the
following fashion in 1794 : ' On the 27th of May,
Charles Pigott, Esq., commonly called "Louse" Pigott.
. . . Interred in the family vault, Chetwynd, Shrop-
shire.' Old Mr. Kobert Pigott (whose life, as we have
seen, was made the subject of a disputed bet, which
was decided in a court of law by no less an authority
than the great Lord Mansfield), of Chetwynd Park,
Salop, and Chesterton Hall, Hunts, left three sons
(and four daughters), the Eobert Pigott already dealt
with in the ' First Period,' the Charles Pigott with
whom we are engaged at present, and William Pigott

1835 THE COMMONERS 229

(the Eeverend, who held the living of Chetwynd); and,
according to a writer in the ' Sporting Magazine/ as
has already been mentioned, they were known respec-
tively as ' Shark ' Pigott, 'Louse' Pigott, and 'Black'
Pigott. But there is some reason to doubt the accu-
racy of the writer quoted ; for the great racehorse
Shark, distinctly stated by Pick to have been bred
and to have been run by Mr. Charles Pigott (and we
have seen that Mr, Robert Pigott's stud was sold in
1772), did not run till 1774, and Lord Carlisle, writing
to George Selwyn in 1772, says : ' Nothing will sur-
prise me about Lord H. ; not if he were to come upon
the Turf and be a confederate with Black Pigott.'
Unless, then, we are to understand that the Eev.
William Pigott was, like his brother, on the Turf (not
by any means an impossibility, but his name never
appears in the records), and that the epithet ' Black '
is in honour of ' the cloth,' it is more natural to sup-
pose that ' Shark ' Pigott, « Louse ' Pigott, and ' Black '
Pigott (the epithet applying figuratively either to
character or looks), are but one and the same person.
Anyhow, there is no doubt that Mr. Charles Pigott
and ' Louse ' Pigott are one and the same person.
Nor is it quite certain that ' Louse ' was a nickname
conferred upon him for some reason derogatory to
him ; on the contrary, there is authority for saying
that it stuck to him in consequence of a creditable
proficiency in the French language, which enabled
him, when a boy at Eton, to turn 'pou' into the

230 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

equivalent English. And it is quite clear from the
works which he published, called * The Jockey Club '
and a * Political Dictionary,' that he was a man of
considerable education and even scholarship, that he
was for awhile the social equal of such men as the
Hon. and Et. Hon. C. J. Fox, and that, scurrilous as
his works were (so scurrilous that the printer was im-
prisoned in 1793), he knew what he was talking about
and was quite right in the main about the noblemen
and gentlemen whom he libelled. He was a great
gentleman-jockey (as well as an owner of numerous
good racehorses), having ridden and won races
against Sir John Lade, Mr. Walker, and other ' crack '
riders among the members of the Jockey Club. That
he lost his fortune on the Turf (though he won
upwards of 16,000 guineas with Shark alone, the
great horse that was imported into Virginia and died
there) is lamentably true ; that he had to withdraw
from the Jockey Club appears to be certain ; that he
was scouted and ' cut ' by its members cannot be
doubted ; that he went swiftly down the easy road to
Avernus is as plain as large print ; and he was ulti-
mately charged with uttering seditious language, fell
into debt apparently, was confined in the Sumpter
Prison in 1793, and was only released from his
troubles by death in the following year. He seems
to have married a sister of Sir Charles Cope, of
Brewerne, Oxon, and certainly to have belonged to the
same class as those persons whom he scurrilously

1835 THE COMMONERS 231

attacked, and better than whom he probably was not.
That he possessed a certain sardonic humour may be
gathered from his ' Political Dictionary,' wherein he
defines ' half seas over ' as ' the most respectable state
of sobriety among princes and ministers,' and
* Nethermost Hell ' as * the country-seats of Lough-
borough, Dundas, Pitt, and the whole crew of rascals
round the throne,' and tells us that ' Grace, when in
conversation applied to a Duke, means nothing : thus
" His Grace the Duke of Leeds " has absolutely no
signification,' or that * honour in high-life means
the debauching your neighbour's wife or daughter,
killing your man, and being a member of the Jockey
Club and Brookes's gaming-house.' That his 'colours '
in racing should have been ' yellow shot with red ' was
appropriate enough in the case of a gentleman gifted
with so lurid a humour ; but the history of the age
assures us that his remarks may be taken without any
very large admixture of salt.

Mr. Jennings (of whom ' Louse ' Pigott naturally
speaks with sympathetic respect) was Henry Con-
stantine Jennings, of Shiplake, Oxon, a gentleman of
good estate and illustrious descent, having ' Eoyal
blood in his veins ' (from George, Duke of Clarence,
par les femmes, through the beheaded Countess of
Salisbury, it is said). He was born in 1731, and died
(' within the Kules of the King's Bench ') in 1819, so
that his life, whatever may be said of his fortune,
cannot have been very much abridged by his career

232 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

upon the Turf, to which he does not seem to have
taken until he was at least forty years of age. He is
generally supposed to have been ruined by his late-
developed * horseyness,' and he has been regarded as
one of the * victims ' of ' Old Q.' ; but we have seen
already that he himself bore witness to the perfect
honour, though undoubted superiority as a 'jockey,'
of his friend ' Queensberry.' Mr. Jennings was known
as ' Dog ' Jennings, a name which he did not at all
like ; as ' Alcibiades ' Jennings, a name which was very
agreeable to him ; and as ' Chillaby ' Jennings, a name
which, recalling the failure of his pet * Arab,' called
Chillaby, cannot have been so much to his taste. He
was a celebrated ' virtuoso,' and two of his names he
owed to an achievement of his in that capacity, when
he purchased a tailless dog (in marble or stone of
some kind), which was considered by high authorities
to be a veritable genuine effigy of the historical ' Dog
of Alcibiades,' and which, because it was so considered,
fetched as much as a thousand guineas, in 1778, at
one of the many sales forced upon poor Mr. Jennings,
not less, perhaps, from his recklessness as a ' virtuoso '
than from his inexperience as a horse-racer and
'jockey/ His third nickname he owed to his unfor-
tunate belief in a reputed ' Arabian ' purchased by
him and called Chillaby (perhaps after King William
the Third's white Barb, Chillaby), but commonly
known as ' The mad Arabian.' For this animal
Mr. Jennings took some eighty acres of ground in

1835 THE COMMONERS 233

Essex, introduced to him certain brood-mares, and
matched their future produce for large sums of money
against the produce to be brought to the post by such
astute breeders and judges as ' Old Q.,' the first Earl
Grosvenor, and perhaps even ' Louse ' Pigott himself.
To his own lack of knowledge and judgment (as he
himself seems to have suspected and to have confessed
at last), rather than to the villainy which ' Louse ' Pigott
has hinted at, Mr. Jennings seems to have owed his
ruin (so far as the Turf was concerned) ; for the pro-
duce of Chillaby (the sire that he stuck to through
tbick and thin), when they came to be sold under the
hammer, are said to have realised about a guinea and
a half apiece. That they were not all quite worthless,
however, is proved by the case of Mr. T. Douglas's
Emetic (by Chillaby), winner of several races in
1780-82, including the 1,200 guineas Subscription
at Newmarket. Mr. Jennings, nevertheless, had some
considerable successes with animals of whose existence
Chillaby was perfectly innocent. Chillaby's madness
was such, it is said, that he would rush at * scare-
crows ' in a field and tear them limb from limb, under
the impression that they were live men. He came at
last into the hands of a Mr. Hughes, who kept a circus
in St. George's Fields, and who, having tamed the
horse to some noticeable extent, exhibited him to a
gaping public. It was during this period that an
incident occurred illustrative of the dread in which
' The mad Arabian ' was held. In the absence of

234 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Hughes from his place in St. George's Fields, a friend,
to whom he was in the habit of lending horses to ride,
called to beg for a mount, and, the master being away,
took the first that came, a horse which went very well
to Croydon and back, only just once walking, tail first,
into a public-house on the road, but displaying no
other eccentricity. On arriving at the circus, how-
ever, the rider encountered Mr. Hughes, who had
returned home, and who greeted him with a horror-
stricken face and a cry of ' My God ! you've been out
on Chillaby ! ' which is said to have so affected the
friend that he had to be put to bed and supplied with
' strong waters ' before he could be brought round.
Yet even Chillaby, like so many 'savages,' had his
gentle friend, in the shape of a ' lamb which would
butt flies off the horse's shoulder,' and which the
horse would not attempt to injure. It is curious that
neither in the old nor in the new edition of the first
(or any other) volume of the ' Stud Book ' is this
Chillaby discriminated from King William the Third's,
though progeny of his (not including Emetic, so that
he may have been half-bred, notwithstanding the
statement of his parentage, Chillaby and a Herod
mare, ? h. b., in the ' Calendar ') is registered (for in-
stance, Viscount, alias Young Chillaby) in the ' Stud
Book,' which ought not to be if Chillaby were regarded
as no genuine Arabian.

Mr. Batson deserves further mention as the gentle-
man who last challenged for the Eclipse Foot, and,

1835 THE COMMONERS 235

his challenge being unaccepted, had the trophy handed
over to him (to be transferred eventually to the Jockey
Club), and whose horse Plenipotentiary created BO
great and painful a sensation by winning the Derby
in a canter and being 'nowhere' for the St. Leger,
though the easy explanation (if any were needed in
the case of so honourable a gentleman) has since been
given, that the horse met with an accident (of which
even his owner knew nothing till long afterwards)
on his way to Doncaster. Mr. * Tom ' Bullock is,
of course, the plebeian member who (according to
Pigott) outfisticuffed the redoubtable Colonel Hanger
at the Jockey Club Kooms at Newmarket, and from
whom the Americans obtained Messenger (foaled 1780,
by Mambrino), their famous ' Father of Trotters.'
Mr. Cookson (who had a share in a bank at New-
castle, and was at one time an officer of the Guards)
was Mr. James Cookson, a great * Northern light,'
winner of the Derby with Sir Harry in 1798 and of
the St. Leger with Ambrosio in 1796, and is notable
as one of the few members of the Jockey Club who
have been publicly stated * by strict attention to busi-
ness on the Turf to have won a large fortune.' Mr.
(Thomas) Douglas, of Grantham, Lincolnshire, won
the Oaks with Tetotum in 1780, and appears to have
died (at a comparatively early age) on December 22,
1787, and to have been a brother of the Eev. Mr.
Douglas who was chaplain to the Prince of Wales
(George the Fourth), and who was an author of some

236 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

repute, of * Naenia Britannica,' &c. Mr. (Ealph)
Button is remarkable as one of the few members of
the Jockey Club whom ' Louse ' Pigott deals gently
with, and the gentle treatment is quite in accordance
with the quotation, * Honor virtutis prsemia,' which
was addressed to him on the occasion of his marriage
in 1806 to Miss ' Honor ' Gubbins. He was a younger
brother of the first Lord Sherborne, and was con-
federate for a time with his other brother William
(who reassumed the name of Naper), and also at one
time (as has been mentioned) with the young Duke
of Bedford (twenty-one years of age in 1786), whose
Skyscraper he nominated for the Derby of 1789.
Mr. (that is, General or Field-Marshal Leveson)
Gower, whose name recalls the celebrated Gower
stallion (which belonged to his family), distinguished
himself upon the Turf by winning the Oaks with
Maid of Orleans in 1809 and with Landscape in 1816,
as well as the Ascot Cup in 1809 with Anderida.
Mr. (General and Field-Marshal) Grosvenor is notable
for winning the Oaks with Briseis in 1807 and in
1825 with Wings (purchased in 1837 by M. A. Lupin,
the now venerable doyen of the French Jockey Club
and the French Turf), but still more interesting
as the breeder of Copenhagen, the horse that was
ridden by the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of
Waterloo, and, at the end of the day, was so fresh as
nearly to kick the Duke's brains out and turn the
victory into mourning. By the way, Copenhagen,

1835 THE COMMONERS 237

though he is in the ' Stud Book ' (where the flaw in
his pedigree is pointed out), though he ran and won
several races (some at two years of age), and though
his statue (which was not taken from him at all)
opposite Apsley House has been pointed out to ' a
young man from the country ' by an equally ignorant
cicerone, cockney-born, as that of a horse that ' won
the Derby,' was not thoroughbred (though it is often
asserted that he was), but was the son of Lady
Catherine (herself ridden by General Grosvenor 'in
the wars '), daughter of the Eutland Arabian and of
* a hunting-mare not thoroughbred.' As for Mr.
(Colonel) George Hanger, he was a very strange
character, not only an owner, breeder, runner, and
rider of racehorses, a bruiser, and a bully (with a
club, which he playfully christened ' The Infant'), a
' hanger '-on of the Prince of Wales (so long as His
Koyal Highness affected Newmarket), and in his
advanced years an Earl of Coleraine, but also a lite-
rary gentleman, who is believed to have been the
author of ' Military Observations on the Attack and
Defence of London,' and is understood to have written
and published in two volumes his own * Memoirs,'
with a frontispiece representing himself sus. per coll.,
in sardonic allusion, it is supposed, rather to the
family name than to the fate which he contemplated
for himself. Mr. Maynard (who no doubt belonged
to the family whereof a certain Lord Maynard is said
to have married the notorious Nancy Parsons, alias

238 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Mrs. Horton) synchronises and is apparently identical
with the Mr. Maynard who won the cruel match at
York Spring Meeting, 1788, against the celebrated
Mr. Baker, of Elemore Hall, with his bay rnare
against a grey horse, one mile, thirty stone each
(owners up, apparently), when it was ' 2 to 1 on
the horse/ and the * bay ' mare proved the better.
Mr. O'Kelly is very remarkable as the nephew
whom the adventurer Denis O'Kelly (owner of the
famous Eclipse) made his heir, with the express
.stipulation (cf. the case of the fifth Earl of Chester-
field and his godson the sixth, to whom the ' Letters '
were written) that he should forfeit vast sums if he
took to the Turf, and who, nevertheless, managed to
evade the forfeits, owned, bred, ran, and rode race-
horses, and was — what his uncle could never manage
to become — a member of the Jockey Club. Whether
old O'Kelly ' got religion ' at the end of his life is not
stated ; but his nearest approach to it during his
active career appears to have been that he kept a
wonderful parrot which whistled the 104th Psalm,
the only religious service old O'Kelly is known to have
countenanced. As for Mr. Mellish (the celebrated
Colonel), whose name should have preceded that of
Mr. O'Kelly, junior (who, by the way, unlike his uncle,
won none of the 4 classic ' races) , he ' illustrated ' the
Jockey Club not only as a good soldier (being com-
mended in despatches by the Duke of Wellington
himself), but as a racer, for he won the St. Leger with

1835 THE COMMONEKS 239

Sancho and Staveley in 1804 and 1805, and, in fact,
was so good a judge of horses and horse-racing that,
it was said (as was said of the unfortunate young
Marquess of Hastings, another member of the Jockey
Club in after times), he might have retrieved his
heavy losses on the Turf and kept his property intact
if only he could have ' kept his elbow still ' and avoided
the * bones.' He was a gallant gentleman, but scarcely
a ' model ' member of the Jockey Club. Mr. Parker
(afterwards Lord Boringdon, founder of the Earls of
Morley) was a very notable member of the Jockey
Club, not only for his intimacy with the Prince of
Wales (whom he supplied — not gratis — with Anvil
and other horses), but also as winner of the Derby
with Saltram (by Eclipse) in 1783, and of the ' Whip'
with Anvil in 1784, and as owner of the famous
brood-mare Virago (dam of Saltram), and of a 'Parker '
or ' Boringdon ' Arabian. Saltram, by the way, was
imported into the United States in 1800 by Mr.
Lightfoot, of Virginia. Mr. Parker was M.P. for
many years before he became Lord Boringdon and
versed in Parliamentary matters ; but it was his suc-
cessor, the second Lord Boringdon, who advocated a
Compulsory Vaccination Act in 1813-14, and was so
far in advance of his age. The name of Shakspear
is of course, very tempting, but our Mr. Shakspear,
the member of the Jockey Club, was Arthur, not
William, and though he bought Lord Egremont's
Cardinal Beaufort, winner of the Derby in 1805, did

240 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

not himself win any * classic ' race or leave upon the
history of the Jockey Club and of the Turf anything
like the impression which his namesake William has
left upon the history of literature. Mr. Thornhill is
a very noteworthy member of the Jockey Club. He
was the famous Master of Eiddlesworth (the name
of his estate in Norfolk, from which the once very
fashionable Kiddlesworth Stakes at Newmarket re-
ceived its designation, and also the horse Biddies-
worth, that was so strong a favourite for the Derby
in 1831, but was beaten by the rank outsider Spaniel),
who won the Derby with Sam on May 28, 1818, which
was the anniversary of Sam's birth, and with Sailor
(died at exercise in the autumn of the year) in 1820,
and ' sandwiched in,' as it was said, an Oaks with
Shoveler (own sister to Sailor) on May 28, 1819, all
three winners bred by him and by the same sire,
called Scud (by Beningbrough) , so that when Sailor
won the Derby in a hurricane it was considered to
be mighty appropriate. Mr. Thornhill also won the
Ascot Cup with Anticipation in 1816, and the One
Thousand with Extempore in 1848, ran a dead-heat
with Euclid (beaten by Charles the Twelfth in a decider)
for the St. Leger in 1839, and was himself beaten in
a match by Death in 1844, when he was found to
have bequeathed, it is said, to his favourite jockey,
Sam Chifney, junior, the hero of the * rush ' (after
whom the horse Sam was named), his Newmarket
house and stables ' for life,' though the jockey left

1835 THE COMMONERS 241

them altogether in 1851 for Hove, near Brighton,
where he died, aged sixty-eight, in 1854. Mr. Thorn-
hill's yellow phaeton was one of the sights of New-
market towards the end of his life, but at the date of
Sam, Shoveler, and Sailor, when he was about forty
years old, he rode on horseback regularly on the
Heath, though he weighed the Daniel-Lambert-like
weight of more than 23 stone, having been fortunate
enough to fall in with a Mr. Dobito, a sporting farmer
in Suffolk, who, bearing an avoirdupois similarity to
Mr. Thornhill, had given his mind to the breeding
and training of roadsters up to that weight. Mr. H.
Vansittart (belonging to the family of Shottesbrook
and Foot's Cray) is notable as having married in
1812 Teresa, widow of the famous young Northern
racer Sir Charles Turner (once owner of Bening-
brough, Hambletonian, and Oberon), whereby he
became Mr. Vansittart of Kirkleatham, York, J.P.,
D.L., and High Sheriff, and as having * split' Mr.
Bidsdale's St. Giles (an easy winner) and Trustee
(third) with Perion for the Derby of 1832. He died
in 1848, and is therefore, naturally, on the official
list of members of the Jockey Club in 1835. Mr.
(Henry) Vernon, of Hilton Park, near Wolverhampton,
has claims to special mention, as regards the Turf,
because he was nephew of the memorable Mr. ' Jockey '
Vernon, the oracle of Newmarket, and, as regards
matters in general, because he was the gentleman
who made a voyage to the Crimea (or travelled in the

R

242 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Crimea) in company with the notorious Margravine
of Anspach (ex-Lady Craven), and is understood to
have published an account of his travels, as also did
Her Highness (for whom Horace Walpole was ' printer
in ordinary ' at Strawberry Hill) . Mr. Walker is
entitled to further notice because he is supposed to be
identical with the Thomas Walker, Esq., of Mickle-
ham, Surrey, who in August 1773 rode a cruel match
for 400 guineas from London to York on his hackney
(said to have died within six miles of Tadcaster)
against a Captain Mulcaster on his mare (which
drank twelve bottles of wine on the road, finished the
task, and was quite well after two days' rest), when
the first ninety miles were ridden in six hours, and
when, after the match was over, some severe strictures
were made in the papers of the day on the cruelty
and uselessness of such performances (unless, of
course, you are a Dick Turpin riding your Black Bess
for life, liberty, and a place in fiction) ; and because
he was probably a son or nephew of the ' old Tom
Walker ' at whom Horace Walpole sneers in his
' Letters ' (1748) as ' a surveyor of roads, a kind of
toad-eater to Sir Eobert Walpole and Lord Godolphin,
a great frequenter of Newmarket ' (not unnaturally, as
there is mention made in the ' State Papers ' of a
' Thomas Walker, housekeeper of Her Majesty's hou?e
at Newmarket'), 'and a notorious usurer' (as other
' horsey ' gentlemen have been, like the late Mr. Pad-
wick, who, according to Admiral Eous, played * spider '

1835 THE COMMONERS 243

to the ' fly ' played by the last Marquess of Hastings).
Mr. (the Hon. George) Watson, a relation of Lord Rock-
ingham, Lord Fitzwilliam, and Mr. Peregrine Went-
worth, was notable on the Turf and as a member of
the Jockey Club for winning the One Thousand and
the Oaks in 1817 with Neva (by Cervantes). Mr.
(Christopher) Wilson (who is said to have been a son
of Christopher Wilson, Bishop of Bristol) was one of
the most notable and popular members of the Jockey
Club in his own day or in any other, and he is the
more entitled to special attention because there were,
besides himself, at least three other Wilsons on the
Turf at the same time with him (namely, Mr. Richard
Wilson of the Bildeston Stud Farm, Suffolk, who had
been bailiff to the Duke of Northumberland, had a
legacy of 40,OOOZ. left him by Lord Chedworth, had
little or no success upon the Turf, and died in 1835,
aged seventy-four ; Major and Colonel Robert Wilson,
better known as the eccentric Lord Berners, who won
the Derby with Phosphorus ' on three legs ' in 1837,
and died the next year at the age of seventy-six ; and
Mr. William Wilson, the. original owner of Duchess of
Lieven, afterwards simply Duchess, winner of the
St. Leger in 1816 for Sir Bellingham Graham ; but
none of these three — not even Lord Berners — seems
to have been a member of the Jockey Club). Mr.
Christopher Wilson belonged both to the North (where
he dispensed a good old English hospitality at Oxton
Hall, near Tadcaster, or Ledstone Hall, or elsewhere)

H2

244 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

and to the South (where he died at ' Christie's ' in
St. James's Street, aged seventy- eight, on the Derby
Day — singularly enough — May 25, 1842) ; and on
the Turf it was his distinction to be the first person
to win both Derby and St. Leger with the same
horse (Champion, by PotSos), and to be the winner
both of the first Two Thousand (with Wizard, by
Sorcerer) in 1809, and of the first One Thousand
(with Charlotte, by Orville) in 1814. Enough dis-
tinction for any member of the Jockey Club, and not
dissimilar to Sir Charles Bunbury's with Diomed,
Eleanor, and Smolensko. To Mr. (the Hon. Charles)
Wyndham's credit must be placed the Two Thousand,
won in 1814 by Olive (a bay colt by Sir Oliver, and
bred by Lord Egremont), and the Ascot Cup won in
1826 by Chateau-Margaux (bred also by Lord Egre-
mont, by Whalebone).

Having now disposed of what may be called the
personal question, we will proceed in a fresh chapter
to get a bird's-eye view of what the Club in its cor-
porate capacity had done for the Turf in general and
for itself in particular during the ' Second Period,'
from 1773 to 1835.

1835 245

CHAPTEK X
A BIBD'S-EYE VIEW

BY 1773, as we have seen, the Jockey Club had their
own organ (the * Calendar ') played by their own
organist (Mr. James Weather by), of whom, being
under their authority as the holder of several offices
in their gift, they were in a position to demand any
tune they pleased. He would in all probability take
his cue from the Stewards, and insert or exclude
whatever they thought it best for their purposes that;
the ' Calendar ' should admit or omit. But before
they could make it the vehicle for the promulgation
of their views and the instrument for the enforcement
of their will over the whole area of the Turf in Great
Britain, they had to strengthen the weak proprietary
rights which belonged to them at Newmarket.

This, whether they had any clear idea of what
they were about, and were carrying out a preconceived
and well-laid plan, or merely acted haphazard and
lived from hand to mouth, as it were, taking advan-
tage of unforeseen chances, they did in the following
manner.

246 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

It has been mentioned that in 1771 Mr. Eichard
Yernon, the oracle of Newmarket and of the Jockey
Club, had purchased (for a term of sixty years) the
lease of the ground on which the Coffee Boom was
built and of that on which the New Eooms were
erected subsequently, and that in the same year the
Stewards and as many members of the Club as chose
to subscribe became Mr. Vernon's tenants, under an
agreement to pay him an annual rent ; he for his part
having entered into a compact to build rooms for the
Club. In 1831, of course, Mr. Vernon's lease expired,
and the freehold of the lots comprising the Coffee
Eoom, the New Eooms, and adjuncts thereof, was
purchased (with money advanced, it is said, by the
'Tiresias' Duke of Portland, father of Lord G.
Bentinck) of the Erratts (a well-known Newmarket
family of stablemen, grooms, jockeys, trainers, and
the like), and the estate was conveyed (in trust) to
Lord Lowther, the Duke of Eichmond, and the Earl
of Yerulam, who were presumably the Stewards for
the time being.

Meanwhile the Inclosure Acts of George II.,
whereby, it has been calculated, * ten thousand square
miles of untilled land were added under their opera-
tion to the area of cultivation,' enabled the Club to
acquire certain portions of Newmarket Heath. The
Acts which particularly concerned the Club were the
Swaffham Bulbeck Act of 1798, 'for allotting, drain-
ing, &c., waste lands, &c., in the Parish of Swaffhain

1835 A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 247

Bulbeck (wherein are certain Heath Grounds, which
form a part of Newmarket Eace Ground, commonly
called the Beacon Course and Kound Course),' and
the Swaffham Prior Inclosure Act, wherein mention
is made of John Peter Allix, Esq. (of Swaffham House,
Cambridgeshire, and a descendant of the celebrated
Dr. Peter Allix, a French ecclesiastical refugee in this
country), who is described as being ' seised of divers
lands in Swaffham Prior ' ; and on both occasions
when the Acts were passed, as well as when the
Exning Inclosure Act of 1807 was passed, the Club
(whose members included, as we have seen, many
influential hereditary and elective legislators) no doubt
was instrumental in taking care that conditions were
inserted which provided that certain portions of the
lands ' and a space of fifty yards at least in breadth
on either side of the course be preserved for ever for
racing.' The Club, then, between 1805 and 1808,
bought of the aforesaid Mr. J. P. Allix, or his
immediate successor, certain of the aforesaid lands
of which he was ' seised ' ; other adjacent lands in
1808 of a Mr. Salisbury Dunn and a Mr. C. Pember-
ton ; and by 1819, partly by buying up Crown pro-
perty and partly by exchanging bits of land with the
representatives of Pembroke College, Cambridge, be-
came practically masters of Newmarket Heath, as
proprietors of nearly all the Beacon Course (of which
the other courses are but subdivisions or embranch-
ments), upwards of four miles in extent. Further

248 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

purchases, whether of lease or freehold, the Club has
made since : of the exercise-grounds known as the
Bury Hill, the Warren Hill, the Limekilns, where
there is now a straight gallop of two miles, and the
winter-ground, with what is considered to be the
finest ' tan gallop ' in the world, dwarfing to insignifi-
cance that which was laid down in the North by the
famous Mr. John Bowes, of Streatlam, and his trainer,
John Scott, of Whitewall ; and lastly, in 1882, when
the Exning estate, lying close to ' The Flat ' from end
to end, was for sale, the Club was constrained to pur-
chase it lest speculative builders should erect upon it
houses which, overlooking the Heath, might be used
as ' stands ' at race-time and as ' tout-nests ' on other
days. The outlay, says Lord Suffolk and Berkshire,
was so great as to necessitate a mortgage on the whole
property ; but there were hopes that great gain rather
than some loss might result after all, if that part of
the estate from which neither race nor trial can be
seen, and which borders upon the growing town of
Newmarket and the village of Exning, should be
utilised for building purposes and the rest for 'gallops.'
The foreshadowed sale took place on June 30, 1891,
when not all the lots found purchasers at a price
beyond the reserve ; but most of them were sold, the
principal purchasers being Lord Durham, Captain
E. W. Baird, and Mr. Hewes, at bids which may or
may not have come up to expectation. Perhaps not,
as sixteen lots, including Exning House and Park,
went to Captain Baird for 32,OOOZ.

1835 A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 249

It may here conveniently be observed that neither
Messrs. Bowes nor John Scott (the former as owner
and the latter as trainer) with their tan gallop of more
than a mile at Langton Wold, nor the Jockey Club
with theirs, still finer, at Newmarket, can lay claim to
that useful invention which was due, it is stated on
excellent authority, to Mr. John Why te, the originator
of the short-lived Hippodrome (in 1837), Bayswater,
whom everybody tried to dissuade from the use of
tan, on the ground that it would * entirely destroy
the grass/ He, however, tried it first of all over a
small portion of his Hippodrome, and found that it
not only * formed an elastic carpet ' which saved the
horses' legs from jarring, but actually * promoted
the growth of the grass.' So much for English pre-
judice, which is nearly always dead against any new
thing; whereas Americans try a novelty first and
object to it (if it fails) afterwards.

Let us now proceed to inquire how the Jockey
Club, first with nothing but its organ (played by
Mr. James Weatherby) and its social prestige to
sustain its authority, and then with proprietary
claims over the principal portions of Newmarket
Heath to give it rights which would be enforced
by law, entered upon that course of progressive
domination which has culminated in undisputed
autocracy ; what were the chief rules and regulations
which it passed for observance at Newmarket only (as
was expressly stated from time to time in a sort of

250 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

deprecatory spirit), and what were the main innova-
tions which it encouraged.

As regards innovations, to begin with, the Club
is found to have sanctioned the racing of yearlings
as early as 1786, in which year (though, as it
happened, no yearling ran in the race) there was
announced a ' Subscription Plate of 50 Guineas ;
yearlings a feather, &c.,' at Newmarket Craven Meet-
ing; and by 1792 yearling races were in full swing
under the auspices of the Jockey Club at Newmarket.
Indeed, in 1788 there was a regular ' Yearling Course
(being the first third of E.M.),' and thereon Mr.
' Jockey ' Vernon ran (but at an off-meeting in
March) his bay colt Ventilator, one year old, against
two-year-olds belonging to two other members of the
Jockey Club (Mr. Panton and Lord Clermont). From
that time the mischievous practice (as it is gene-
rally acknowledged to be) continued at Newmarket
and was adopted all over the country until 1859,
when Lord Stamford (a member of the Jockey Club)
and Mr. W. Day (eminent among jockeys and
trainers) ran first and second for the Anglesey
Stakes * for yearlings ' at Shrewsbury, after which
the Jockey Club, repenting of its sanction, stepped
in and prohibited the running of yearlings for public
stakes, though it was not until 1876 that * yearlings
shall not run for any race ' was inserted among the
Eules of Racing.

The next innovation was an attempt (in 1792-93)

1835 A BIED'S-EYE VIEW 251

to put a stop to the detestable practice of ' crossing
and jostling,' by resolving, ' That when any match is
made in which crossing and jostling are not men-
tioned, they shall be understood to be barred' — a rule
which, commendable as it is, shows that the practice
had been- customary before ; and it was very dear to
the heart of Mr. Denis O'Kelly (owner of Eclipse), who,
having negotiated for a match with a noble lord,
and having been unable to come to terms, observed,
with tears in his eyes : ' Be Jasus, me dear, had it
been cross and jostle, I'd a brought a spalpeen from
Newmarket that should dhrive his lordship's horse
into the bushes and keep him there for a fortnight.'

The next innovation, whether introduced into the
* Calendar ' by the Jockey Club at the suggestion of
Mr. James Weatherby or by Mr. James Weatherby
on the suggestion of the Stewards or some influential
member of the Jockey Club, was a master-stroke of
policy, eminently calculated to spread the authority
and prestige of the Club all over the country,
wherever a copy of the ' Calendar ' was accessible ; this
was the publication of ' Adjudged Cases,' with a
notification that ' with a view to promote the uni-
formity of decisions, as well as to prevent the trouble
of application to the Stewards of the Jockey Club, on
points already decided, we intend, with the consent of
the Stewards, to publish occasionally such adjudged
cases as may be useful as precedents.' We have
seen that from the first the Jockey Club had in-

252 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

cluded the stars of the Northern as well as of the
Southern Turf, and such a step as that just mentioned
could scarcely fail to find favour both in the North
and in the South, and augment the influence of the
Club in both regions.

But the most important innovation is that of
1833, which effected, so far as the breeding of race-
horses is concerned, a complete revolution. For on
April 25 in that year it was decreed by the Club that
' from and after the end of the year 1833 horses shall
be considered at Newmarket as taking their ages from
January 1 instead of May 1. With respect to other
places, they will be considered as taking their ages
from May 1 until the Stewards of those races shall order
otherwise.' It is noteworthy that this Eesolution,
though expressly said to apply to Newmarket only, is
prefixed not to the ' Kules and Orders of the Jockey
Club,' but to the ' Eules concerning Horse-racing in
General,' as if it were a ballon d'essai in the direction
of universal legislation ; that by the year 1851 the
exception relating to ' other places ' had been omitted,
and that in the new list of Eules in 1857 that
which had been a complete innovation in 1833 was
incorporated, probably after consultation with the
Stewards of the various meetings outside Newmarket,
or on account of the general acceptance of the novelty,
and made the very first ordinance without a word
about Newmarket or any exceptive clause. That inno-
vation, no doubt, was a salutary one in many respects,

1835 A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 253

especially because it put a stop to the confusion caused
by a sudden change of age in the very middle of the
racing season ; but as regards the physiological ques-
tion, it is worthy of notice that so experienced a
breeder and trainer as Mr. John Porter of Kingsclere
has lately advocated a certain amount of retrogression
towards the old practice, and that in the year 1869
Lord George Manners (a member of the Jockey Club)
proposed to have the rule so far altered that two-year-
olds should be considered to take their age from
May 1. There is no doubt that January 1 is a very
inconvenient date for breeders in Australia (where
horses take their age from August 1) who wish to
compete for our great weight-for-age races, but
whether May 1 would suit them any better is very
questionable indeed. What is said about May as the
natural month for foaling may be all very true ; but
it has been urged on the other hand, not without
point, that the modern thoroughbred intended for
racing is a wholly, or almost wholly, artificial pro-
duct, and less adapted for natural than for artificial
processes and unseasonabilities.

With the Kules of Horse-racing in General the
Jockey Club apparently did not trouble themselves at
all until, in 1797, all on a sudden, Mr. Weatherby
printed in his * Calendar ' the Kules ' taken (with some
few alterations) from " Pond's Eacing Calendar " for
the year 1751 ' (a literal copy of which will be found
in the Appendix). We gather from what Admiral

254 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

Eous says in his ' Horse-Eacing ' (edition of 1866,
pp. 67-68), that this was done at the suggestion of Sir
Charles Bunbury, who, according to the Admiral, to
sanction a decision given by a Committee of the Jockey
Club in his (Sir Charles's) favour, but * protested
against by the Stewards of the Club,' ' introduced ' a
certain Eule. But the fact is that the Eule, as given
by Admiral Eous, runs thus : ' If a horse wins the
first heat, and all others draw, they are not distanced,
if he starts no more ; but, if he starts again by him-
self, the drawn horses are distanced.' Now, without
entering into the bearing of this Eule upon Sir C.
Bunbury's case or into the case itself, it is sufficient
to remark that the reader will find the Eule, just as it
is quoted by Admiral Eous, in ' Pond ' (in the Appen-
dix), and that all that Sir Charles and the Committee
seem to have done, on the Admiral's own showing, is
to have stuck by the old and accepted Eule. The
Admiral goes on to say that ' in 1803, being ashamed
of their proceedings, the Jockey Club expunged this
order [as if it had been something of their own], and
virtually condemned the decision which the general
meeting of the Jockey Club had confirmed.' Certainly
the Admiral, if anybody, should have known what he
was talking about, and should have been able to con-
sult the archives of the Club, and certainly the said
Eule is expunged after 1803, but, oddly enough, there
is nothing to be found in Weatherby's book ' Calendar '
about a * Committee of the Jockey Club ' (though ' a

1835 A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 255

Committee ' is said there to have decided in favour of
Sir Charles Bunbury, which need not have been a
Committee of the Jockey Club, for the case seems to
have been decided on the spot at a provincial race-
meeting), nor, either in Weatherby or in other records
which have been consulted, is there a word about any
protest, and we have seen that the Rule stands in

* Pond.' Nor is anything said about the matter in
the ' Adjudged Cases ' ; so that, if Admiral Rous is
correct (which he certainly ought to be), there is in

* Weatherby ' a very culpable omission of what un-
doubtedly ought to have been made known to the
public ; such an omission of information, interesting
and of importance to the public, as has given rise in
these latter days to a complaint that the proceedings
of the Club are not made so fully known as they
should be.

However, the main point established is that the
Jockey Club first took cognisance (in the * Calendar ')
of General Rules of Racing in 1797, and first made
its own version of them in 1803 by expunging one
which had stood since the days of ' Pond ' (1751).
After this the Club published their own version of
those Rules pretty regularly, changing here a little
and there a little, from 1803 to 1833 ; and then, in
1857, having found themselves securely seated in the
saddle, they appointed a Committee which framed
what Sam Weller would have called a ' reg'lar new
fit out o' Rules,' that came into operation in 1858,

256 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

another in 1876, and yet another — the present ela-
borate and voluminous ' fit out ' — in 1890. Their own
' Kules and Orders ' for home use — that is, applicable
to Newmarket only — have been published in a col-
lected body, almost annually, since the dynasty of
Weather by began to rule over the * Calendar,' with
an occasional ' new fit out ' beginning from 1828, and
repeated in 1858, 1876, and 1890. The most import-
ant alteration, as regards the public, in these latter
was when in 1842 it was announced that ' the Jockey
Club and the Stewards thereof will henceforth take
no cognisance of any dispute or claims in respect to
bets.' This, of course, saved them a great deal of
trouble and unpleasantness, which was transferred to
the Committees of Tatter sail's and of the Subscrip-
tion Eooms at Newmarket (the Committees, however,
consisting largely of members of the Jockey Club) ;
but it does not at all mean, as it is often represented
to mean, that the Club ' ignores betting ' : it only
means that the Club waits for an official report from
the Committee of TattersalFs or of the Subscription
Kooms at Newmarket before proceeding against de-
faulters for bets, thus shirking the painful duty of
taking the initiative against such members of the
Club or of the Eooms as (like Lord Foley in the very
old times and the Marquess of Hastings more recently)
may be notoriously in default, but, for some reason
or other, may not be reported by the aforesaid Com-
mittees. Up to 1842, however, it is not too much to

1835 A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 257

say that questions having something to do with
betting were those which chiefly occupied the Club's
attention.

We may now consider some of the immediate con-
sequences of the proprietorship which the Jockey Club
had acquired by 1819 in certain portions of the
Heath. In July of that very year it was ' Eesolved
that . . . one guinea annually shall be paid in respect
of every racehorse that shall be trained and exercised
or shall run any private trial, &c., &c.' ; and ever
since that date, to listen to the jeremiads of trainers
and owners (who, of course, have to pay the piper
ultimately), what with a fine for this and a fee for
that, the Jockey Club has come to be regarded as
the horse-leech's two daughters, whose constant cry
was ' Give ! Give ! '

In 1821 comes the first instance recorded in the
book ' Calendar ' of a ' warning off,' when a poor
devil of a ' tout,' whose name was William Taylor,
alias Snipe (his nickname, no doubt), was ' warned by
notice from Mr. Weatherby to keep off the Heath
grounds occupied by tenants of the Jockey Club,' for
the heinous offence of * watching a trial with a tele-
scope,' and for ' refusing to say who his employers
were.' Apparently Mr. Snipe did not show fight —
that is, did not withstand the Jockey Club, and render
an appeal to the law necessary ; but in 1827, when a
decision of the Stewards of the Jockey Club in the
case of a disputed bet (a sort of business which, as

s

258 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1773-

we have seen, the Club very judiciously, if a little
selfishly, declined for the future in 1842) had given
offence to a Mr. Hawkins (one of the parties to the
dispute), and caused him (as so often happens) to
find balm for his wounded feelings in heaping violent
abuse upon Lord Wharncliffe (Mr. Stuart-Wortley),
and to get ' warned off the course ' for his pains, the
' warned off ' person was recalcitrant, causing the
action Duke of Portland v. Hawkins, for trespass, to
be brought (at Cambridge Assizes), upon which occa-
sion (as the law reports of the time will show anybody
who cares to refer to them), the right of the Jockey
Club to * warn off ' was amply confirmed. This
heart-burning question was tried again, about 1862,
in connection with what is known as the ' Tarragona
case,' when Mr. Irwin Willes, the well known ' Argus '
of the Morning Post, refused to acquiesce in the
* warning off ' decreed against him, but was worsted
when an appeal was once more made to the law ;
and it was touched upon in 1869, when the action
Bray v . Jennings, for assault, was tried, and when Mr.
Bray, a ' tout,' being less chivalrous apparently than
Mr. Snipe (of whom mention has been made), not
only did not refuse to say ' who his employers were,'
but gloried in stating that he was employed by the
Right Hon. the Earl of Stamford and Warrington, a
most conspicuous member of that Jockey Club to
which a * tout ' is as the dead fly that makes the
apothecary's ointment to stink.

1835 A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 259

We may now get on to the Jockey Club's ' Third
Period,' from 1835 to the present day, having first
remarked that a measure of the respect paid by that
date to the opinion of the Club may be obtained from
the significant fact that the appearance in the records
from 1819 to this day of Antonio as the winner of
the St. Leger in 1819, is due to a decision of the
Stewards of the Jockey Club, to whom the question
had by agreement been referred as to whether the
Stewards of Doncaster Eaces had been right in allow-
ing a second race to be run (on the ground that cer-
tain horses had not been ready to start in the first),
and who promptly overruled the Stewards of Don-
caster, and gave the race to Antonio, a non-starter
for the second race. The power and influence of the
Club were still farther extended and consolidated in
1844, when, in consequence no doubt of the ' Kunning
Kein ' case, it was arranged that the Stewards of the
Jockey Club for the time being should be ex officio
Stewards of Epsom ; in 1857, when the like provision
was applied to Ascot ; and some time between 1878
and 1881, when Goodwood also was included in their
(joint) Stewardship.

s 2

THE THIRD PERIOD

1835—1891

263

CHAPTEK XI

DEPARTED MEMBERS

FROM 1835 (included) to the present day the Jockey
Club has comprised the following members, substan-
tive and honorary, the same name or title sometimes
representing two or three different bearers of it, gene-
rally in regular succession, as of son to father, or
brother to brother, and so on, and the same Eoyal or
Imperial personage occasionally being represented by
two different titles.

Imperial and Royal Personages. — King William the
Fourth (Patron), the Prince of Orange, the King of
Holland, the Prince of Wales, Prince Christian, the
King of the Belgians, the Duke of Edinburgh, the
Duke of Connaught, the Duke of Cambridge, Prince
Vladimir of Russia, the Cz are witch (the Emperor
of All the Kussias), the King of the Netherlands
(Holland), the Grand Duke Vladimir of Eussia, the
Crown Prince of Germany, the Duke of Clarence and
Avondale.

Official Honorary Members. — The President, Vice-
President, and three Stewards of the French Jockey

264 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

Club; the President of the American Jockey Club,
New York ; the Chairman of Committee of the Victoria
Kacing Club, Melbourne, Australia ; the Chairman of
Committee of the Australian Jockey Club (A.J.C.),
New South Wales.

Princes. — Batthyany, D. Soltykoff.

Counts. — Batthyany (Prince), de Berteux, Tasselo
Festetics, F. de Lagrange.

Barons. — De Teissier, Meyer de Eothschild.

Dukes. — Beaufort, Bedford, Cleveland, Dorset,
Grafton, Hamilton, Leeds, Montrose, Newcastle, Port-
land, Eichmond, Eutland, St. Albans, Westminster.

Marquesses. — Ailesbury, Anglesey, Conyngham,
Drogheda, Exeter, Graham (Duke of Montrose),
Hastings, Hartington, Hertford, Londonderry, Nor-
manby, Tavistock (Duke of Bedford), Waterford,
Westminster.

Earls. — Albemarle, Annesley, Aylesford, Bess-
borough, Bradford, Bruce (Marquess of Ailesbury),
Cadogan, Caledon, Carlisle, Cawdor, Charlemont,
Chesterfield, Clarendon, Cork, Coventry, Derby, Dur-
ham, Eglinton, Egremont, Ellesmere, Erroll, Fever-
sham, Fitzwilliam, Glasgow, Granville, Hardwicke,
Howe, Howth, Ilchester, Jersey, Lichfield, Lincoln
(Duke of Newcastle), Lonsdale, March (Duke of Eich-
mond), Milltown, Mulgrave (Marquess of Normanby),
Orford, Portsmouth, Eosebery, Eosslyn, Spencer,
Stamford and Warrington, Stradbroke, Strafford,
Strathmore, Suffolk and Berkshire, Uxbridge (Mar-

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 265

quess of Anglesey), Verulam, Westmorland, Wilton,
Zetland.

Lords. — Alington, G. Bentinck, Burleigh (Marquess
of Exeter), Calthorpe, Castlereagh (Marquess of Lon-
donderry), Eandolph Churchill, Clifden, Colville of
Culross, Courtenay, Dorchester, Downe, Dupplin,
Enfield (Earl of Strafford), Falmouth, John FitzEoy,
Folkestone, Hastings, Kelburne (Earl of Glasgow),
Lascelles, H. G. Lennox, Londesborough, Lowther
(Earl of Lonsdale), Maidstone (Earl of Winchilsea),
C. Manners, G. Manners, (de) Mauley, Milton (Earl
Fitz william), Mostyn, Newport (Earl of Bradford),
Palmerston, Penrhyn, W. Powlett, Kendlesham, Bib-
blesdale, Boyston (Earl of Hardwicke), St. Vincent,
Saye and Sele, John Scott, Southampton, Stanley
(Earl of Derby), Strafford (Viscount Enfield, Earl of
Strafford), Suffield, Villiers (Earl of Jersey), Vivian,
Wharncliffe (Mr. Stuart- Wortley) .

Sirs.— D. Baird, R. W. Bulkeley, G. Chetwynd,
H. Des Vceux, J. M. Errington, J. Gerard, R. Graham,
S. Graham, H. Hawkins (Mr. Justice), J. Hawley,
G. Heathcote, F. Johnstone, C. Legard, W. A. Leth-
bridge, S. Martin (Mr. Baron), Hercules Bobinson,
C. Bushout, J. Shelley, J. V. Shelley, T. S. M.
Stanley, W. M. Stanley, B. Wallace, M. Wood,
W. W. Wynn.

Messrs, (whether Hon. or with military or naval
'handles'). — Alexander (Caledon), Allix, Anson (the
Hon. Col. and Gen.), Astley (Col. and Sir J. D.),

266 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

D. Baird, H. D. Barclay, F. Barne, S. Batson, S. E.
Batson, H. Biggs, J. Bowes, Bulkeley (Capt.), G. Byng
(Hon.), Carington (Hon. Kupert), Carleton (Col.
Dudley Wilmot, Lord Dorchester), T. E. Case (Case-
Walker), Chaplin (Et. Hon. H.), K. H. Combe, T. H.
Cookes, T. Cosby, Craven (Hon. Berkeley), J. A.
Craven, W. G. Craven, Crawfurd (W. S. Stirling), J. S.
Crawley, J. Douglas, T. T. Drake, E. C. Elwes, E. Et-
wall, Fitzwilliam (Hon. G. W., C. W., and H. W.),
Forester (Hon. Col. H.), T. Gardner, Gerard (Hon.
W., Lord Gerard), A. Goddard, C. C. Greville (Clerk
of the Council), Grosvenor (General and Field-
Marshal), W. Hallett, T. Houldsworth, J. H. Houlds-
worth, J. Hunter, W. H. Irby, E. Jardine (Sir
Eobert), Lane (Capt. Douglas), W. J. Legh (of Lyme),
Lloyd (Cynric), Lowther (Col., third Earl of Lons-
dale), Lowther (Et. Hon. J.), Lupin (Monsieur
Auguste, doyen of the French Jockey Club), J. Mills,
W. M. E. Milner (Sir W.), E. M. LI. Mostyn
(Hon.), E. H. Nevill, G. E. Paget, Payne (J. and G.),
Pearson (Col. and Gen.), Peel (Col. and Gen. the
Et. Hon. Jonathan), Petre (Hon. E.), W. E. Philli-
more, W. A. Eoberts, C. D. Eose, Eothschild (Leo-
pold de), Eous (Hon. Capt. and Admiral), G. Eush,
H. Savile, W. Scott- Stonehewer, H. Seymour (Capt.),
J. V. Shelley (Sir), J. Spalding, Spencer (Hon.
Capt.), Smith (T. Assheton), S. Stanley, M. Stanley,
W. M. Stanley, W. Sloane Stanley, J. Stanley, J. M.
Stanley, Sturt (Gerard, first Lord Alington), E. Sutton

1891 DEPARTED MEMBEKS 267

(Sir K.), Synge (Col.), Tharp (Montagu), T. Thornhill,
C. Towneley (Col.), J. B. Udney (Col.), Vansittart (H.),
Villiers (Hon. A. and Hon. F.), Vyner (H. F. Clare),
H. S. Waddington, K. Watt, Major Wickham, W. Wi-
gram, Williams (Col. and Gen. Owen), C. Wilson, Wood
(Gen. Mark), G. Wyndham (Col.), Yates (General).

Of these personages many * overlap ' from the
previous period and have already been accounted for,
and many, being members of the Club at present, may
be deferred for awhile. Of the rest, some may be
passed by altogether ; upon others, a little space will
be bestowed, either because they are historical figures,
or because they achieved some special distinction
upon the Turf, or because they were ' shocking ex-
amples,' or for some similar or dissimilar reason.

Of the Koyal and Imperial personages, the
foreigners are, for the most part if not entirely,
* honorary,' and cannot be expected to have done
much for the English Turf. Still, the Kings of Hol-
land (Netherlands) and Princes of Orange — though
there may remain but an indistinct remembrance of
the Orange Plate — are commemorated by the Nassau
Stakes at Goodwood, and a King of Holland, as we
have seen, came to the front at the beginning of the
present reign (when a young queen could not very
well, even had she been inclined, become the avowed
patroness of such an institution as the Jockey Club, and
was married to a consort whose inclinations certainly
did not lie that way), and gave the Jockey Club that

268 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

Eoyal countenance which is one reason of the immense
prestige enjoyed by the Club. And the substitution
of * Emperor's Plate ' for 'Ascot Gold Cup,' from 1845
to 1853 (both inclusive), before the days of Sir Hamil-
ton Seymour, the Emperor Nicholas, the talk about
'the Sick Man,' and the siege of Sevastopol, bears
witness (as also the Cesarewitch and the Grand Duke
Michael Stakes testify) to Kussian co-operation and
encouragement in the cause of British horse-racing.
Of the personages with the foreign titles of Prince,
Count, and Baron, Prince Batthyany — who died sud-
denly at Newmarket, just after the race for the Two
Thousand in 1883 — was, like Prince Soltykoff, who is
still among us, to all intents and purposes an English
sportsman, having been on the English Turf from
1829, and a member of the Jockey Club since about
1859, and won the Derby with the famous racehorse
and sire Galopin (sire of St. Simon, bred by the
Prince, though Galopin was not), in 1875. Count de
Berteux, of the Cheffreville Stud, Normandy, is one of
the very best customers English breeders of blood-stock
have ever had. Count Tasselo Festetics is understood
to be brother-in-law to the Duke of Hamilton, excel-
lent credentials for a member (honorary) of the Jockey
Club. Count F. de Lagrange was as well known in
this country as in his own (and perhaps better) as a
breeder, owner, and runner of horses — especially of
Fille de FAir and Gladiateur. Baron de Teissier was
English in all but his name and title (one of a French

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 269

family naturalised in this country, of whom James
Teissier — grandfather, apparently, of the member of
the Jockey Club whose father, Lewis de Teissier, died
in 1812, or thereabouts, worth half a million of money
— was ' de' 'd, or ennobled, by Louis XVIII. for kind-
ness to the French refugees in London) ; lived at Wood-
cote Manor (whence the Woodcote Stakes), near
Epsom ; was perpetual Steward, in combination with
the popular Sir Gilbert Heathcote, of Epsom Kaces ;
nominated a filly for the Durdans Stakes at Epsom,
October 9, 1833, which seems to have been as near as
he ever got to actual horse-racing ; and was elected
a member of the Jockey Club about 1839. Baron
(Meyer de) Kothschild (born 1818, died 1874, whose
family was ennobled by the Emperor of Austria in
1815, and received from him the title of Baron in
1822), was, of course, he of Mentmore, whose only
daughter, Hannah, was the late lamented Countess of
Eosebery, and who bred and owned Favonius (winner
of the Derby in 1871), Hannah (winner of the One
Thousand, the Oaks, and St. Leger in 1871), and
Corisande (winner of the Cesar ewitch in 1871), so
that the year 1871 was called ' the Baron's year.' He
also won the One Thousand in 1853 and 1864 with
Mentmore Lass and Tomato (both bred by him), and
the Goodwood Cup in 1869 with ^Restitution (bred by
him), by King Tom, and in 1872 with Favonius. It
was not he, of course — as he died in 1874 — but Baron
Lionel (of Gunnersbury), who raced as Mr. Acton and

270 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

was not a member of the Jockey Club, that won the
Derby with Sir Bevys in 1879. Though untitled,
Monsieur A. Lupin, who has been a member of the
French Jockey Club almost from the day that it com-
menced existence in 1833, may be conveniently brought
in here. He imported Wings (winner of the Oaks in
1825) into France in 1837, and from that time for
many years continued to import expensive English
mares (including Songstress, winner of the Oaks in
1852, imported in 1859) ; and it was his distinction
to win the first notable French success on an English
race-course, when he won the Goodwood Cup with
Jouvence (bred in France, but of English sire
and dam, Sting and Currency) in 1853, on which
occasion the French Jockey Club was illuminated, and
the Seine was very nearly set on fire. M. A. Lupin
has been very successful in his own country, but not
in proportion to his efforts, and he was thought to be
especially unfortunate in 1885, when he sacrificed
the all but certainty of winning the French Derby
with Xaintrailles to the honourable desire of winning
the English Derby, for which he was but a bad fourth.
But he won * half an Oaks ' with Enguerrande (a dead-
heat with the French-bred Camelia) in 1876.

Among those whose names are found in the batch
of members of the Jockey Club from 1835 to the
present day, some, as has been said, belong to the
general history of the country. Prominent among
them are the following :

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 271

The fourteenth EARL of DERBY, the * Rupert of
debate,' the Prime Minister, statesman, orator,
scholar (translator of the * Iliad'), and sportsman
(born 1799, died 1869), who could not win 'his
own ' Derby (even with Toxophilite in 1858) but did
succeed (as Lord Stanley) in winning the Oaks with
Iris in 1851 (the year he succeeded to the Earldom),
and the Two Thousand with Fazzoletto in 1856, as
well as the One Thousand in 1848 (as Lord Stanley)
with Canezou, and in 1860 with Sagitta, three years
after he had written his famous letter to the Stewards
of the Jockey Club (in 1857), calling upon the Club
to do their duty towards their neighbour, if he was a
cheating scoundrel.

LORD GRANVILLE (the second Earl, born 1815, died
1891), is he who was so prominent as a statesman and
minister. He is said to have had a share in race-
horses very often, but never ran a racehorse in his
own name ; though, as a Leveson-Gower, great-grand-
son of the Earl of Gower, who was a member of the
Jockey Club in 1753, and bred the famous Gower
stallion, he belonged to a family celebrated as breeders
and runners of great racehorses, and as patrons of
the Turf in the earliest days of the Jockey Club.

LORD GEORGE BENTINCK (third son of the fourth or
' Tiresias ' Duke of Portland) and his brilliant career
both on the Turf and in the senate, with its melan-
choly termination ' by the visitation of God — to wit, a
spasm of the heart ' (as the jury found), in one of his

272 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

father's fields at Welbeck, will never be forgotten.
He won the Two Thousand in 1838 with Grey Momus ;
the Two Thousand, One Thousand, and Oaks in 1840
with Crucifix ; the One Thousand in 1837 with
Chapeau d'Espagne, and in 1842 with Firebrand;
the Ascot Cup with Grey Momus in 1838, and the
Goodwood Cup with Miss Elis in 1845 ; and he just
missed the ' blue ribbon ' (for which he had hungered
and thirsted so long) by the sale (in 1846) of Surplice,
winner of the Derby in 1848 (the very year in which
Lord George died, September 21, aged only forty-six).

The famous LORD PALMERSTON, again, will always
be held in remembrance. He was one of the stars of
the Jockey Club, though his success upon the Turf
was infinitesimal, notwithstanding his hopes of the
Derby in 1860 with Mainstone (by King Tom), and
his winning of the Cesarewitch with the variously
pronounced Iliona in 1841, and his diligent patronage
of John Day, the trainer.

Sir SAMUEL MARTIN is almost historical, too, for he
was a famous judge ; and, if his membership of the
Jockey Club was only honorary, he was devoted to the
Turf, and is said to have been nominated, with Mr.
Eudston Eead, one of the executors in the will of Mr.
John Scott, the celebrated trainer at Whitewall.

Sir EICHARD WALLACE, the philanthropic, reputed
son of the eccentric Lord Henry Seymour (of racing
renown in France, and a son of a Marquess of Hertford)
is another honorary member, whose generous qualities

1891 DEPAKTED MEMBERS 273

and open hand should secure him long remembrance ;
he was not a racing man, but still he was always
ready to place his villa called Bagatelle, near Long-
champs, at the service of English gentlemen who ran
candidates for the Grand Prix de Paris.

Colonel, afterwards General, ANSON (the Hon.),
may certainly be considered historical, if only as a
descendant of the famous * circumnavigator ' Commo-
dore (and afterwards Lord) Anson, the figure-head of
whose ship (the Centurion, in which he went round
the world) was set up at Goodwood House on a
pedestal with an inscription in doggerel. But General
Anson himself was Commander-in-Chief in India,
where he died in 1857, and whence his body was
removed to England and buried in Kensal Green
Cemetery in 1860. The gallant General was a great
racer ; he won the Derby in 1842 with Attila, and the
Oaks in 1844 with The Princess (ridden by his favourite
jockey, the celebrated Frank Butler).

Colonel and General the Eight Hon. JONATHAN
PEEL is another of the historical members, for he was
a Cabinet Minister and Secretary for War, and a
member of Parliament for forty-two years, from 18ii6
to 1868. He gave evidence in the trial (1827) which
established the right of the Jockey Club to ' warn off '
offenders from Newmarket Heath. He won the Two
Thousand with Archibald in 1832, and the sensational
Derby of 1844 (when his friend, Lord George Bentinck,
exploded a villainous plot) with Orlando ; and by his

274 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

death (at eighty years of age) on February 13, 1879,
at his beautiful place Marble Hill (once the seat of
Mrs. Howard, George II. 's Countess of Suffolk),
Twickenham, the great horse Peter (so called from
the General's friend, the eccentric Lord Glasgow,
whose nick-name it was), by Hermit, was disqualified
for (winning) the Derby of that year.

Admiral Kous, again, may be classed among the
historical group ; for his feat in bringing home the
sinking Pique is a historical feat of seamanship,
though perhaps his * mates ' (at a time when there was
no such term or rank as ' sub-lieutenant '), including
the late Bear-Admiral Eobert Dawes Aldrich, deserved
as much credit as Admiral Eous himself.

Among the dead and gone ' shocking examples ' of
the Jockey Club comprised in this batch of members
were those that follow.

There was the DUKE of NEWCASTLE (the sixth), who
at one time owned the good horse Julius (that managed
to beat Hermit in a match) and whose very hippie name
disappears from the list of members in 1869 (after a
short and stormy career, both as Earl of Lincoln and
as Duke of Newcastle), the year after he had won the
Goodwood Cup with Speculum. He is understood to
have used the race-horse principally as an instrument
of gambling, and to have made terrible havoc of things
in general.

The (fourth and last) MARQUESS of HASTINGS is, of
course, he who was the hero of a very romantic

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 275

matrimonial incident, who won the One Thousand
with Kepulse in 1866, the Grand Prix de Paris with
that mysterious horse The Earl in 1868, the Ascot
Cup with Lecturer in 1867, the Goodwood Cup with
The Duke in 1866, who paid 6,000 guineas or more
for the impostor Kangaroo, in the hope of winning
the Two Thousand and Derby won by Gladiateur, who
was the owner of the sensational Lady Elizabeth, who
was * fly ' to Mr. Padwick's ' spider,' and who^ having
commenced racing when he was barely twenty years
of age in 1862 with a ' plater ' called Consternation,
before the end of 1868, at twenty-six years of age, had
finished his career and his life — ' all out.' It is only
fair to add, though, that the ruin of his fortunes has
been attributed, not without reason and credibility,
rather to*\the ' banes,' the cards, and generally extra-
vagant expenditure, than to his losses, enormous as
they were — more than 100,OOOL on Hermit's Derby—
on the TurL

The next * warning ' is the (seventh) EARL of
AYLESFORD (one of the ' black funereal Finches '), who
was born in 1849, and, having been for some years a
member of the Jockey Club after the kind to which
the ' Cripplegate ' and ' Newgate ' Earls of Barymore
belonged, but not having gained so much distinction
as the former of that noble pair of brothers on the
Turf, was constrained to leave his country (perhaps
for that country's good) for Texas, where he died (not,
it is understood, in the odour of sanctity) on his

T 2

276 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

'ranche' in 1885. He was not unknown on the
Turf as Lord Guernsey, but it was as Lord Aylesford
that he covered himself and the Jockey Club with as
much glory as can be derived from covering other
people with flour ' shied ' in bags from a drag on the
way to London after the Derby. That is ' the sort
of man he was.'

As for LOED COUETENAY (afterwards twelfth Earl
of Devon, who died on January 15, 1891), he was
so badly hit that he had to retire from the Jockey
Club, after a certain number of years' membership,
some time between 1869 and 1872. Nor had he any-
thing to show for his financial ruin (which was sup-
posed to be caused by betting on the Turf principally) ;
for, though he may have had a share in many race-
horses, and though his colours (violet, green sleeves,
and white cap) were duly registered, memory fails
to recall a single notable success won by him.

Ths next is (the third) LOED KIBBLESDALE (whose
family name of Lister recalls memories of the ' Lister
Turk,' and is eloquent of hereditary horse-raciness), of
Gisburn Park, West Eiding, Yorkshire, whose melan-
choly death (by his own hand, it is said) at Geneva in
1876, gave rise to sinister rumours, whether founded
or unfounded, of misfortune connected with the Turf,
as is always the case when the person who is the
subject of the rumours has to do with horses and
horse-racing.

Of (the third) VISCOUNT ST. VINCENT, winner of the

1891 DEPAETED MEMBERS

St. Leger with the famous Lord Clifden in 1863, it
is understood that he burnt his fingers very badly
during his connection with the Turf, which is highly
credible, as he certainly had dealings with the noto-
rious Mr. Padwick (the * Spider '), from whom he is
said to have purchased at a cost of something like ten
thousand pounds a half-share only in the unfortunate
race-horse Klarikoff (burnt in his van in 1861, on his
way from Epsom after the Derby to Whitewall) one
of the favourites for the Two Thousand and the
Derby in 1861, when it was common to bet 'the three
D.'s against the three K.'s ' (Diophantus, Dundee,
and Dictator against Klarikoff, Kettledrum, and
Kildonan) .

VISCOUNT DUPPLIN (eldest son of the eleventh Earl
of Kinnoul), who had the misfortune to have his
marriage dissolved (which, however, as we have seen,
was quite in accordance with the early fashion of the
Jockey Club), and who died at Monte Carlo in 1886,
if not a ' shocking example ' exactly, belonged rather
to that category than to the model members or the
highly distinguished members, though he won the
Two Thousand (not with Kaleidoscope, as had been
expected, though nobody seems to have known why)
and the St. Leger in 1876 with the beautiful horse
Petrarch, that, as a two-year-old, had ' spread-eagled '
his field for the Middle Park Plate. That a Lord
Dupplin should be a horse-racer by heredity is plain
when we see that as early as 1717 a Lord Dupplin

278 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

ran Smiling Betty at Harnbleton and (as Lord
Ivinnoul) ran her again at the same place in 1722.

LORD VIVIAN (Charles Crespigny, second Baron),
who, with Lord Hardwicke, was very pronounced in
his anti-Gallican sentiments at the time (1876-77,
when he was quite a new member of the Jockey Club)
of Lord Falmouth's ' Eeciprocity ' agitation, is another
of those to whom common report, rightly or wrongly,
attributes badly burnt fingers from playing with the
Turf.

Mr. (the Hon.) BERKELEY CRAVEN (winner of the
Oaks with Bronze in 1806, and once at least a Steward
of the Jockey Club) is one of the most deplorable
cases among the * shocking examples,' for this poor
gentleman, in consequence of a fear that he might not
be able to meet his losses incurred by betting against
Bay Middleton for the Derby of 1836, shot himself on
the night of the Derby Day. And what made the
affair more melancholy was that (it is stated) he would
have recouped himself over the Oaks, had he waited
till the next day (for the Derby was then run on
Thursday, the Oaks on Friday). Nor was such not
altogether condemnable sensitiveness always confined
to the noblemen and gentlemen of the Jockey Club ;
for in Smolensko's year (1813) a * bettor round ' (or
* bookmaker,' as we should now say), a Mr. Eobert
Brograve, shot himself rather than face creditors to
whom he owed 8,OOOZ. (which he had laid against
Smolensko) with but4,OOOL (which he had at his bank).

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 279

This sensitiveness is the more noticeable, because, had
the debt or debts been due to the widow, or the orphan,
or the hardworking father of a family for 'work
and labour done ' and for ' value received,' both the
member of the Jockey Club and the ' bettor round '
would probably have considered an offer of ten
shillings in the pound extremely handsome.

Mr. GEORGE PAYNE (who was nephew to Mr. John
Payne, the winner of the Derby with Azor in 1817)
must reluctantly be added to the ' shocking examples,'
inasmuch as he lost two or three fortunes by racing,
cards, dicing, and other objectionable practices, though
he was a most amiable, agreeable, witty, and clever
man, reminding one forcibly, in failings and talents,
of the illustrious C. J. Fox. He died September 2,
1878, having achieved very little distinction in the
public life for which his talents (as his friends said)
were eminently adapted (had he not concealed them
in a figurative napkin) , or on the Turf (beyond winning
the One Thousand with Clementina in 1847).

The (twelfth) EARL of WESTMORLAND, who has
passed away just as this work was being finished,
must, it is to be feared, take his place among the
' shocking examples,' because, though in many re-
spects a most worshipful member of the Jockey Club
and patron of the Turf, he was a very heavy bettor
sometimes, and had to retire, badly hurt, from his
favourite pursuit (to which he was more addicted than
to hunting, shooting, fishing, and cricket, all congenial

280 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

sports to him) about 1868, and returned to the Turf
only in the character of adviser and coadjutor to
Lord Hartington. Lord Westmorland (who had
served his country both in India, and in the Crimea
as aide-de-camp to Lord Kaglan) never owned any
very noted horse, though with Eama he managed
to beat the famous Lord Lyon for the Doncaster Cup
in 1866 ; and he was once owner of Marigold, the
dam of Doncaster (sire of Bend Or, sire of Ormonde).
His great disaster was in 1863, when the discovery
that the scales had been tampered with prevented the
race for the Cambridgeshire (together with bets to the
tune of many thousands of pounds) from being given
to his horse Merry Hart, second to Catch-'em-Alive,
which latter would have been disqualified but for the
timely discovery referred to.

Mr. (the Hon.) EDWARD PETRE was also among the

* shocking examples,' for though he won four St.
Legers, once with Theodore (at odds of ' 100L to a
walking-stick ' against him) in 1822, and three years
running (1827, 1828, and 1829) with Matilda, The
Colonel, and Eowton, yet his end is said to have been

* sold up.' He belonged to a family which is especially
interesting, because one of its members was he who, by
stealing a lock of hair from the beautiful Arabella
Fermor, gave Pope the subject for the finest mock-
heroic poem in existence.

1891 281

CHAPTER XII

DEPARTED MEMBERS (continued)

IT remains to single out from the defunct members
of the club from 1835 to 1891 those who have been
notable for distinction gained upon the Turf.

The (seventh) DUKE of BEDFORD, who succeeded to
the title in 1839, and had previously raced as Mar-
quess of Tavistock, and who died in 1861, won the One
Thousand in 1855 with Habena (bred by him), by
Birdcatcher, and bred the famous Asteroid (by Stock-
well), chosen by Admiral Rous (the Duke's ' managing
man,' to whom the Duke bequeathed the choice of a
horse from his stud) and sold by him for 1,500 guineas
(it is stated) to Sir J. Hawley, who won with him
(but without a race) both the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup and the Whip in 1862.

The (second) MARQUESS of AILESBURY is he who was
summoned to the House of Lords as Baron Bruce in
1839, and died in 1878, when he was succeeded by
his brother (died 1880), who was succeeded by his
grandson (with hereditary racing tendencies strength-
ened maternally, as his mother was a Craven), who
had the strange experience of being ' warned off ' (as

282 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

if he had been Mr. ' Snipe,' the ' tout ') by that
very club of which his relative, the second Marquess
(a Master of the Horse), had been a conspicuous
ornament. The second Marquess (who in 1868 suc-
ceeded his relative the Earl of Cardigan, the ' Crimean
hero ') won the St. Leger with St. Albans in 1860,
and the Goodwood Cup with Aventuriere in 1875, all
but won the Derby and the St. Leger in 1866 with
Savernake (own brother to St. Albans), and, according
to superstitious persons, would have won them if the
colt had been named when he ran for the Derby. He
came out strongly and handsomely in true English
fashion against Lord Falmouth and the anti-French
party in the controversy (1876-77) about 'Eecipro-
city.'

The (third) MARQUESS of CONYNGHAM (who died in
1876) was naturally better known on the Irish turf
than on the English ; but he won the Cambridgeshire
in 1855 with Sultan, by Crescent, under circumstances
(to wit, odds of 40 to 1 against him) which might
well earn for his trainer, Mr. William Day (of the
well-known house of Day of Danesbury, a jockey, a
trainer, an owner, a breeder at the extensive Alvediston
stud, and ultimately a literary author), his great
character as a trainer of handicap horses especially.

The (first) MARQUESS of WESTMINSTER (died 1845),
who has already been nibbled at as Lord Belgrave
and (second) Earl Grosvenor, is he who bred Touch-
stone (and was near to having him destroyed, because

1891 DEPARTED ME^TBERS 283

he was a first foal !) and won the St. Leger in 1834
with him, in 1840 (when the ' leading case ' of a ' de-
claration to win ' occurred, as Maroon was ' pulled
double,' when he could have won by a hundred yards,
it is said, to allow Lord Westminster's other horse to
win) with Launcelot, Touchstone's own brother, and
in 1841 with Satirist. As to the case of Maroon and
Launcelot, it should be noted that Launcelot had run
second to Little Wonder (a reputed instance of a horse
' very older ' than he should have been, according to
scandal) for the Derby (which the Queen and Prince
Albert witnessed, and after which the royal consorts
presented Little Wonder's rider, Macdonald, with a
complimentary whip), that the public therefore would
have backed him, and that the marquess, for that
reason, it is supposed, declared to win with him.
The family of the marquess is admirably represented
at the present day both on the turf and in the Jockey
Club by the Duke of Westminster.

The (fourth) EARL of ALBEMARLE (who died in
1849 and was succeeded by his son, who died s.p.
in 1857, and was succeeded by his brother, the late
venerable earl, an author, who died February 21, 1891)
is he who was Master of the Buckhounds, and seems
to have raced chiefly because of his official position.
He won the One Thousand with Barcarolle in 1838, the
Two Thousand with Ralph in 1841, and (as became a
Master of the Buckhounds) the Ascot Cup with Ralph
in 1843, and in 1844 and 1845 (when it was called

284 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

the Emperor's Plate) with the Emperor (imported
into France, where he became joint sire of the famous
Monarque, and died in 1851), by Defence. His un-
fortunate horse Ealph (a son of the celebrated Dr.
Syntax) is said to have been poisoned just before the
race for the Ascot Cup, and .(though he won) to have
died soon afterwards, whereby a valuable ' cross ' was
lost.

The (fourth) EARL of ANNESLEY (died 1874) won
the Goodwood Cup in 1860 with Sweetsauce.

The (thirteenth) EARL of EGLINTON, it is scarcely
necessary to say, was the famous Lord of the Tourna-
ment of Eglinton, one of the most popular members
of the Jockey Club ever known. He won the Derby
of 1849 with the celebrated horse The Flying Dutch-
man (nearly beaten, however, by the half-bred
Hotspur, and ultimately imported into France) ; the
St. Leger of 1842, 1847, and 1849 with Blue Bonnet,
Van Tromp, and The Flying Dutchman ; the Ascot
Cup in 1849 and 1850 with Van Tromp and The
Flying Dutchman ; the Goodwood Cup in 1848 with
Van Tromp ; and, above all, the memorable match in
1851 with The Flying Dutchman (5 yrs., 8 st. 8£ lb.,
ridden by Mar low), against Lord Zetland's Voltigeur
(4 yrs., 8 st., ridden by Flatman, alias Nat), for
1,000 guineas, at York Spring Meeting, distance two
miles.

The (fifth) EARL of GLASGOW (who began his career
upon the Turf as Viscount Kelburne) was the eccentric

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 285

nobleman, known among his intimate associates a8
'Peter,' who won the Two Thousand with General
Peel (runner of a dead-heat for the Ascot Cup with
Ely in 1865, but beaten in the decider), and was
known principally for his heavy betting (having
offered to lay Lord George Bentinck 90,000/. to
30,000?., when the latter nobleman expressed a desire
to back his horse Gaper for the Derby of 1843 ' to
money'), for his objection to name his horses until
they had deserved a name (which seldom happened),
for his extreme irritability, his strong language, his
curious dress, his * sleeping draughts ' (noth with-
standing which he had lived to the good age of
seventy-seven, when he died in 1869), for his amusing
habit of anathematising his jockeys for not ' making
play ' with his horses according to his orders (when
he started animals that could not beat a jackass),
and for his noble and ingenuous inability, it is said,
even to the last day of his life, to understand the
trickery practised in running races in heats so as
to win. He was also a mighty Jehu, and drove a
famous match (which, of course, he lost through ill-
luck) with Lord Kennedy, on a night as dark as
pitch.

The (third) EAKL of HOWTH (died 1874), a great
judge of all matters pertaining to horseflesh, was
better known, no doubt, on the Irish than the English
Turf, but his name of St. Lawrence was given to a
stout horse well-known on English racecourses, and

286 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

sire of the famous Saucebox, winner of the St. Leger
in 1855.

The (first) EARL of LICHFIELD (created 1831, and
previously Thomas William, Viscount Anson, son of
the grand-nephew of the ' circumnavigator ') is he
who died in 1854, and who, under the auspices of
Lord G. Bentinck, won the St. Leger of 1836 with
Elis (originally Mr. C. C. Greville's), and the Two
Thousand of 1839 with The Corsair (when it was
7 to 2 on Lord Jersey's Caesar, and there were only
three runners).

The (third) EARL of LONSDALE (nephew of the
second Earl, who, as Viscount Lowther, won the
sensational Derby of 1831 with Spaniel) is he who
was better known upon the Turf and in the Jockey
Club as Colonel Hugh Lowther (born 1818, succeeded
1872, died 1876, so that he did not wear out his
coronet), and who covered his new earldom with glory
by winning the Cesar ewitch of 1873 with King Lud
(bred by Lord Zetland).

The EARL of ORFORD (the third of the new creation
in 1806, the old having expired with the celebrated
Horace Walpole), who died in 1858 at the age of
seventy-eight, won the Two Thousand with Clearwell
in 1833, and the One Thousand with a filly (afterwards
called Lady Orford), by Slane out of Exotic, in 1850,
and so * kept the pot a-boiling,' which had been set
on by the ' mad ' Lord Orford, one of the early
members of the Jockey Club.

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 287

The (fourth) EARL of KOSSLYN, who died only the
other day (September 6, 1890, at fifty- seven years of
age) , a descendant of the celebrated or notorious Lord
Loughborough (Lord Keeper and Lord Chancellor
during a part of Pitt's long administration, 1783-1801),
was noted rather as a breeder than as a racer, having
bred, among other good horses, the queer-tempered
but highly meritorious Tristan (one of whose feats
was to lift with his teeth out of a chaise and shake
like a dog a reverend gentleman who was merely
' looking on ' at Newmarket), but having injudiciously
sold him at an early age to the famous M. Lefevre,
of Chamant, near Chantilly, for whom he was an
Eldorado (though now repurchased at a long price
for his native land). The Earl was a ' clayver ' man
with a turn, and a very pretty turn, for verse-writing,
whether in Latin or English, and might have done
for the English Turf as much as was done for it by
an Oxford Professor of Poetry (Sir Francis Hastings
Doyle), if not quite so much as was done for Grecian
sport by one Pindar, whom a Eev. Professor of Greek
at Cambridge used to describe patronisingly (in his
sermons) as ' this benighted heathen/

The EARL (seventh) of STAMFORD and (third) of
WARRINGTON was the very persistent patron of the
Turf, whose two marriages did not altogether meet
with the approval of society, and whose employment
of ' touts ' (which was revealed in the action of Bray
r. Jennings, for assault and battery, the plaintiff

288 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

having been a ' tout ' and the defendant a trainer, in
1869) was an outrage upon the tenderest feelings of
the Jockey Club to which he belonged. The Earl won
the Two Thousand with Diophantus in 1861, the One
Thousand with Lady Augusta in 1863, the Oaks with
Geheimniss in 1882, and the Ascot Cup with Eupee
in 1860, and was especially notable for having pur-
chased (when he saw that the French were coming to
the front) the French horses Armagnac, Brick, and
Le Marechal in 1862 in a lump for 6,OOOZ., and for
having been the first Englishman to run for the
French Derby (as he did with Armagnac in 1863,
thus showing his countrymen how to dispense with
' Eeciprocity '). That the Earl was a great shot and
a great cricketer, and, in fact, a great ' all round '
sportsman, is to his credit as a member of the Jockey
Club.

The (second) EARL of STRAFFORD was apparently
the eldest son of the first Earl (Field Marshal Sir J.
Byng, q.v. in the * Second Period '), and was George
Stevens Byng, a Lord of the Treasury, &c., who died
in 1886, and, as Viscount Enfield, won the Two
Thousand with Hernandez (bred by the Hon. Col.
Anson, and imported into France in 1853) in 1851.

The (twelfth) EARL of STRATHMORE and KINGHORNE
(whose ancestor the tenth Earl was the father of
the celebrated Mr. John Bowes, of Streatlam,
and who not improbably was himself a member of
the Jockey Club, when he won the St. Leger with

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 289

Remembrancer in 1803) was a great racing man,
owner of Saccharometer (unbeaten as a two-year old,
and equal in the betting with Macaroni for the Derby
of 1863), and challenged for both the Jockey Club Cup
and the WThip with Mouravieff in 1861, but was quite
overshadowed by his relative Mr. Bowes (also a
member of the Jockey Club) upon the Turf. He
died in 1865.

The (third) EARL of WILTON, winner of the St.
Leger with Wenlock in 1872, succeeded to the title
and estates of his maternal grandfather (the first
Earl of Wilton) in 1814, and died (only the other day
comparatively) March 7, 1882, at the age of eighty-
two. He had three great horses, and only three great
ones, in his life : Gladiator (second to Bay Middleton
for the Derby of 1836, and perhaps the very best sire
the French ever purchased from us, giving 2,500Z. for
him in 1846), the aforesaid Wenlock, and Seesaw (a
sensational winner of the Cambridgeshire, and the
sire of Bruce, winner of the Grand Prix de Paris in
1882). But it was as a rider, whether on the flat or
across country, that Lord Wilton was so admirable ;
it is said that no gentleman or even professional
jockey could ' touch him.' He deserved well of the
public by the establishment of races at Heaton Park ;
but the public showed such multitudinous appreciation
that he was obliged to try (ineffectually) exclusive
measures, and was probably glad when the meeting
was moved to Liverpool (in 1839). He was a most

u

290 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

accomplished roan : a Turfite, a yachtsman, a surgeon,
an organist, a saint, and a sinner, being partly a ' dis-
sipated man of fashion ' and partly a sort of domestic
chaplain, who undertook to read the family prayers
to his assembled household, including servants and
visitors.

The (second) EARL of ZETLAND, who died in 1873,
was he who won the Two Thousand in 1857 with
Vedette (sire of Galopin), unable to run for the Derby
or St. Leger (whether entered or not), else the
famous Blink Bonny and the less famous Imperieuse
might have won less distinction. The Earl had
already, in 1850, won the Derby and St. Leger, and
beaten The Flying Dutchman for the Doncaster Cup
with Yoltigeur ; and he won the Ascot Cup in 1855
with Fandango (which horse won the Jockey Club
Cup by ' half a distance ' from Homily in 1856), and in
1857 with Skirmisher. The Earls of Zetland, of course,
* strain back ' to Sir Lawrance Dundas, one of the
earliest members of the Jockey Club, and, as we have
seen, one of the founders of the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup in 1768.

The (third) VISCOUNT CLIFDEN is memorable for
ever through having ' Jacobed ' Lord G. Bentinck,
as it were, by winning the Derby and St. Leger
(the 'blue ribbon' and its pendant) of 1848 with
Surplice, sold by Lord George to the Hon. Mr. Mostyn,
and by him to Lord Clifden, who thus did at the
first time of asking what Lord George could not do
during his whole racing career.

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 291

The (sixth) VISCOUNT FALMOUTH, who married
Baroness le Despencer, a peeress in her own right,
is a household word. He won ' everything,' to speak
loosely ; he never betted — after he took to racing and
breeding at any rate ; and by stakes and the sale of
his stock is calculated to have made quite 20Q,OOOL
His successful horses were legion, and he was winner
of the Derby in 1870 with Kingcraft, and in 1877 with
Silvio ; of the Oaks in 1863, 1875, 1878, and 1879,
with Queen Bertha, Spinaway, Jannette, and Wheel
of Fortune ; of the Two Thousand in 1874, 1879, and
1883, with Atlantic, Charibert, and Galliard ; of the
One Thousand in 1862, 1873, 1875, and 1879, with
Hurricane, Cecilia, Spinaway, and Wheel of Fortune ;
and of the St. Leger in 1877, 1878, and 1882, with
Silvio, Jannette, and Dutch Oven. The story of his
one bet, after he became a racing man in his own name
and ceased to be * Mr. Valentine,' is variously told,
but it related to Queen Bertha, winner of the Oaks
in 1863 ; it varies in amount, according to the story-
teller, from half-a-sovereign to sixpence, and it was
paid, according to the story-teller's faney, to Mrs.
Scott or to John Scott (Lord Falmouth's then trainer)
in the form of a handsome brooch or scarf-pin, with
the particular coin as a portion of the ornament.

LORD LONDESBOROUGH (first Baron) won the Oaks
with Summer side in 1859 (the year before his death),
and had already won the Ascot Cup with West
Australian (sire of Summerside) in 1854, and was

u 2

£92 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

remarkable for having in his stud at the time of
Ids death hoth West Australian and Stockwell, the
former sold at the subsequent sale (at Londesborough
Lodge, near Scarborough) to the French Count de
Morny, and the latter to Mr. K. C. Naylor.

LORD MAIDSTOKE (afterwards eleventh Earl of
Winchilsea and Nottingham, born 1815, succeeded
1858) is entitled to notice rather as a rider than as a
runner of hordes, as a scholar (who took part in the
learned discussion as to the pronunciation of IJiona,
the name of Lord Palmerston's mare that won the
Cesarewitch of 1841), and as one of the poet-members
of the Jockey Club.

LORD MOSTYN is made out to have been the second
Baron, apparently the same person as the Hon. E. M.
LI. Mostyn (born 1795, succeeded 1854, died 1884,
grandfather of the third Baron), who won the Oaks
and St. Leger with the famous Queen of Trumps
(whose peculiarity it is said to have been that she
1 went lame on all four legs, one after the other,
before she could settle into her stride ') in 1835.

LORD W. POWLETT (whose name recalls the family
of the racing Dukes of Bolton and bewrays relation-
ship to the racing Duke of Cleveland) is he who
owned the gallant Tim Whiffler, beaten in the famous
dead-heat with Buckstone for the Ascot Cup of 1863,
and challenged with him (expatriated to Melbourne,
Australia, in 1871) both for the Jockey Club Challenge
Cup in 1862 and the Whip in 1863.

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 293

LORD SATE and SELE (twelfth Baron, died 1847) is
remarkable among members of the Jockey Club rather
as the bearer of a family name (Fiennes) which, in the
form of Fines or Fynes, is found as early as the reign
of Henry VII. (Thomas Fynes, who died 1534) among
patrons of horse-racing, than for notable performances
upon the Turf.

LORD JOHN SCOTT (of the Cawston Stud) was the
very popular nobleman who bred (from Touchstone's
daughter Phryne) the brothers Elthiron, Windhound,
and the once celebrated Hobbie Noble (the horse that
came to the whistle like a dog, that was to have won
the Derby of 1852, that Queen Victoria admired so
much at Ascot, and that is said to have cost Mr.
James Merry 6,500 guineas, but that sum apparently
included other horses), who was the ' universal '
sportsman (including a little ' bruising '), and who
once for a bet rode his old charger Helen (by Octavian
or Octavius out of Lady of the Lake) up the steps of
the Bank of Dublin and down again, having duly
cashed a cheque.

LORD SUFFIELD is a title which apparently covers
three members of the Jockey Club — namely, the second
Baron (William Assheton), who died in 1821 (in which
year he ran for a Jockey Club Plate with a colt or
filly by Vandyke, Jim.) ; his brother Edward, the
third Baron (who is on the published list for 1836),
and the fourth Baron, who was the son of the third,
and who died s.p. in 1853, when he was succeeded by

294 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

his half-brother Charles (the present Baron, who is a
member of the Jockey Club to be noticed hereafter,
among the living members). The Snffields are not
recorded among the most successful runners of race-
horses ; and the fourth Baron had to ' decline the
Turf,' but deserves the most honourable mention as
one of those twenty-three or twenty- four prominent
members of the Club who protested (but in vain)
against the dispersal of the Eoyal Stud at Hampton
Court at the very beginning of the present reign,
though it has since been re-established with so much
success — witness the price given for Memoir, and
the 5,500 guineas for her sister, La Fleche. The
fourth Lord Suffield, however, ran second with
Caravan for the Derby of 1837, won by Lord Berners
with the ' cripple ' Phosphorus.

Sir DAVID BAIRD (of Newbyth) is made out to have
been the nephew of the celebrated Sir David Baird
(the stormer of Seringapatam, created a baronet in
1802, died s.p. in 1822), and to have been a noted
' gentleman-jockey ' (like Lord Wilton, Sir F. John-
stone, Messrs. Delme-Eadclyffe, Brand, and others of
the same date) rather than a distinguished owner
and runner of race-horses.

Sir JOHN GEBABD cannot be discovered among the
winners of any * classic ' race, but was undoubtedly
of the family of which was also a Sir W. Gerard (a
member probably of the Jockey Club, though proof is
not forthcoming) who won the Oaks of 1810 with

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 295

Oriana, who was a considerable breeder, and whose
family is represented at the present day among the
members of the Jockey Club by Lord Gerard, and
has been connected with the Turf from time imme-
morial.

Sir S. GRAHAM was Sir Sandford (died 1852), not
so well-remembered a Turfite as his kinsman Sir
K. Bellingham Graham, who was one of the great
* Northern lights ' (winner of the St. Leger with
Duchess in 1816), and was very likely himself a
member of the Jockey Club (though no actual proof
of his membership is forthcoming, and, like Mr.
Hugo Meynell, he is perhaps better remembered as a
great hunter). Sir Sandford is understood to have
been of Kirkstall, Yorks, and Sir Bellingham of Norton
Conyers, Yorks. They are not to be confounded with
the Grahams (of the Yardley Stud) who have won so
many great races with Kegalia, Formosa, Gamos, &c. ;
but are represented to this day among the members
of the Club, it is understood, by the Sir Eeginald
Graham of the present list.

Sir JOSEPH HAWLEY, of Leybourne Grange, Kent,
is another of our ' household words ' so far as the
Turf is concerned. He was known as ' the lucky
Baronet ' (though, indeed, he had his ill luck as well
as good), and won the Derby no fewer than four
times, in 1851, 1858, 1859, and 1868, with Teddington
(belonging really, it is said, to his confederate, Mr.
J. M. Stanley, and bred by Mr. Tomlinson), with

296 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

Beadsman (bred by himself), with Musjid (purchased,
it is said, by advice of the present Lord Alington, then
Mr. Gerard Sturt, and bred by Mr. E. G. Lumley),
and with Blue Gown (bred by himself), in the year
when Lady Elizabeth was favourite, and when he
* declared to win ' with Eosicrucian or Green Sleeve
in preference to Blue Gown. He won the Two Thou-
sand with Fitz-Eoland in 1858 ; the Oaks in 1847
with Miami ; the One Thousand with Aphrodite in
1851 ; the St. Leger with Pero Gomez (the horse that
' ought to have won the Derby ') in 1869 ; the Ascot
Cup with Teddington, Asteroid, and Blue Gown in
1853, 1862, and 1868; the Goodwood Cup with
Siderolite in 1 870 ; and he shocked his brethren of
the Jockey Club by the introduction of revolutionary
measures (1869-1870) concerning two-year-old racing
and the admission of un-aristocratic persons as
members of the Jockey Club. He betted on a
gigantic scale, thereby setting an evil example ; but
he was a man of learning, science, and literary ability
of no common order, and he collected at Leybourne a
magnificent library.

Sir GILBERT HEATHCOTE, Bart., the extraordinarily
popular * perpetual Steward of Epsom races ' (jointly
with Baron de Teissier), predecessor of the present
Lord Eosebery at ' The Durdans,' belonged to a
family known from very early times upon the Turf,
and was remarkable for winning the Derby of 1838
with the outsider Amato (buried in his grounds), that

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 297

never started for a public race before or after (just
like Chestnut Middleton, the winner of the Derby in
1825).

Sir J. SHELLEY, Bart., and his son, Mr. J. V. (after-
wards Sir J. V.), may be taken together. The former
was the sixth Baronet (born most likely in 1771, died
in 1852), who commenced racing at a very early age
(before he was five-and-twenty), and was confederate
first with Mr. Howorth and then with the (fifth) Earl
of Jersey, but does not appear upon the list of the
Jockey Club until after 1835. He won the Derby
in 1811 with Phantom (sire of Chestnut Middleton
and Cedric, both winners of the Derby), and in 1824
with Cedric (when the field were all ' wheelers ' and no
'leaders,' it was said), and the Two Thousand with
Antar in 1819 ; and altogether was a great racing
celebrity of a racing stock (as we have seen). His
son, Mr. (afterwards Sir) J. V. Shelley, better known
in connection with politics, Westminster, and the
London Bank than with winners of the Derby, was
elected a member of the Jockey Club about the same
time, apparently, as his father, but retired from it in
1862, and died in 1867.

Sir W. W. WYNN was, of course, the excellent
Baronet who died only a few years ago, was familiarly
styled ' Sir Watkin,' and sometimes ' the other Prince
of Wales,' and was better known for his hounds than
for his racehorses, though he was a member of the
Jockey Club for about half a century.

298 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

Mr. (CALEDON) ALEXANDEE, who died in 1884, was
very prominent on the Turf, though not as a winner
of * classic ' races, and his heavy-weight match in
1879 with Sir J. D. Astley has already been mentioned
(Briglia, 5 yrs. 16 st., v. Drumhead, 6 yrs. 16 st. 6 lb.,
Suffolk Stakes Course, Newmarket — that is, a mile and
a half, owners up). He also ran the sporting match
in 1866 with his Eobin Hood, by Wild Day r ell, against
Baron Eothschild's Kobin Hood, by North Lincoln,
3 yrs. 8 st. 10 lb. each, Ditch mile, Newmarket, for
' 200 sovs. and the name — i.e. which should be
entitled to be called Kobin Hood,' and won 'the
stakes.'

Mr. ALLIX demands special notice as one of the
family (if not the very identical gentleman) from
whom the Jockey Club made the memorable purchase
which first gave the Club proprietary rights over a
portion of Newmarket Heath and laid the foundation
of * warning off.'

Mr. F. BABNE (of Setter ley, Norfolk) is noticeable
as having been connected maternally (through the Mr.
Miles Barne, High Sheriff of Suffolk in 1790) with
the family of General Philip Honywood (one of the
great lights of the Turf with his Honywood Arabian
and two True Blues), and for having apparently dis-
puted with the late Lord Granville the position of doyen
of the Club (for he was a member before 1848, and was
still on the list in 1885) without having attained any
distinction on the racecourse, though he (unlike Lord

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 299

Granville) ran a good many horses in his own
name.

Mr. HENRY BIGGS, though now no longer remem-
bered, was very well and favourably known in his
day, and was of Stockton, Wiltshire.

Mr. JOHN BOWES, of Streatlam, Durham, who died
only a few years ago, was one of the most interesting
characters of the Jockey Club. He was all but
eleventh Earl of Strathmore, but missed the earldom
through his father's dilatoriness in the matter of
marriage ; and he himself was twice married, but each
time to a foreigner; first (in 1872) to Josephine
Benoite, Countess de Montalbo or Montalba, who died
in 1874 ; and secondly (in 1877) to Alphonsine Marie,
Countess de Courten. Thus it was that he lived abroad
a great deal, insomuch that George Fordham (who
rode for him very often in latter times, though not, of
course, in the palmy days, not being old enough) is said
not to have known him by sight. It was in his ear Her
days that Mr. Bowes (who won the Derby in 1835,
1843, 1852, and 1853, with Miindig, Cotherstone,
Daniel O'Eourke, and West Australian ; the Two
Thousand in 1842, 1843, and 1853, with Meteor,
Cotherstone, and West Australian ; and the St. Leger
in 1853 with West Australian) laid down, in con-
junction with John Scott the trainer, the famous 'tan
gallop ' at Langton Wold.

Mr. T. E. CASE- WALKER is the gentleman who was
Mr. Case when he was elected a member of the Jockey

300 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

Club, and who died about 1882 ; and is not to be
confounded with Mr. T. E. Walker, winner of the One
Thousand with Elizabeth in 1880.

Mr. T. COSBY, belonging probably to the family of
Strabally Hall, Queen's County, Ireland, which is con-
nected by marriage with the racing family of the
Buncombes (Lord Feversham), is he who won the
Eclipse Foot (for members of the Jockey Club only)
in 1833 with Galopade at Ascot, and the Oaks with
Pussy in 1834. He was a well-known ' gentleman
jockey,' especially at Heaton Park.

Mr. W. STIRLING- CRAWFURD, winner of the Two
Thousand in 1868 and 1873 with Moslem (dead-heat
with Formosa ; Moslem walked over and divided) and
Gang Forward; of the One Thousand in 1859, 1881, and
1882, with Mayonnaise, Thebais, and St. Marguerite ;
of the Derby in 1878 with Sefton ; of the Oaks in
1881 with Thebais ; and of the St. Leger in 1875 with
Craigmilla1*, was he of Sefton Lodge, Newmarket ; a
sort of ' Duke of Montrose ' from the domestic rather
than the heraldic point of view. He is understood
to have been very pronounced in favour of the betting
persuasion.

Mr. THOMAS TYRWHITT DRAKE, of Shardeloes,
Amersham, Bucks, who was born in 1818 and died
in July 1888, though he did not start his racing
colours of crimson and black cap much before 1870,
though he ran no great horses (for Professor, Sun-
shade, and Quits did not belong to that category), and

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 301

though he and his father before him were better
known (as so many members of the Jockey Club have
b^en) as M. F. H., agriculturists, cattle-breeders, and
patrons of cricket, yet deserves special mention here
as a recipient of property, and probably of descent,
from the Stradlings of St. Donat's, Glamorganshire,
to one of which family the famous Stradling (alias
Lister) Turk is considered by some persons to have
owed one of his distinguishing, or rather confusing,
designations.

Mr. A. GODDAKD, who is taken to have been
Mr. Ambrose Goddard, of The Lawn, Swindon,
Wilts, distinguished himself by winning the Ascot
Cup in 1819 with Anticipation (Mr. ' Kiddlesworth '
Thornhill's).

Mr. T. HOULDSWORTH, winner of the One Thousand
with Destiny in 1836, and the hero of the match
between Filho da Puta and Sir Joshua (North v.
South) in 1816, bore a name which has been connected
with the Turf from very early times, and, as we shall
see presently, is still prominent in the list of horse-
racers and members of the Jockey Club. He belonged,
of course, to the great manufacturing interest, to the
' men of business,' with one or two of whom the
Jockey Club, much to its advantage, has had its aris-
tocratic exclusiveness leavened from the very first.
Great patron of racing as he was, however, Mr.
Houldsworth, it is said, was by no means the man to
let his hobby run away with him to the neglect of

802 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

other matters, and very often did not know what
horses he had in his stables when a question arose
about a sweepstakes for which he was challenged to
enter. He is represented in the Jockey Club of the
present day by the very popular Mr. J. H. Houlds-
worth, whose election dates from 1874.

Mr. HUNTER is the gentleman whose unique for-
tune it was to win the Derby with a grey horse,
Gustavus, in 1821. The horse was bred at what had
been the Prince Regent's stud-farm, near Six Mile
Bottom, on the road to Newmarket, and afterwards
Colonel Leigh's ; and the horse's dam was Lady Grey,
very significant of the colour which she conferred
from herself upon five of her progeny in succession.
Mr. Hunter was strongly of the betting persuasion,
and is said to have won largely upon Gustavus in the
Derby, but his successes upon the Turf were not con-
spicuous otherwise.

Mr. HENRY SAVILE (who died about 1880-1881)
was the famous racer of Eufford Abbey, Notts, and of
Eyshworth, Eipponden, Yorks, breeder, owner, racer,
and bettor, winner of the Derby in 1872 and of the
Ascot Cup in 1873 with the famous Cremorne, by
Parmesan (sire of Favonius). He admitted into his
stud (' unbeknown ' very likely, and with the best
intentions) certain American-bred mares (including
Cincinnati, by Star Davis, and Desdemona, by Glen-
coe), which investigation showed not to be thorough-
bred, though the two named have found their way

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 803

into the Stud Book (not without due warning, how-
ever ; vide vols. ix. and x.).

Mr. SCOTT- STONEHEWEB, a conspicuous member of
the Club in his day, won the Two Thousand in 1817
with Manfred, and the Oaks with Variation in 1830.

Mr. J. M. STANLEY is the gentleman who was con-
federate (when Teddington won the Derby) with the
overshadowing Sir Joseph Hawley.

Mr. (Sir RICHARD) SUTTON is the heavy bettor who
died in 1875, having won in 1866 the Derby, Two
Thousand, and St. Leger with the famous Lord Lyon,
leased, it was understood, from General Pearson
(breeder both of Lord Lyon and of his celebrated
sister Achievement). A gentleman who * owns all
Piccadilly,' as was said of him, can afford to bet
heavily; but the example is not the less to be
deprecated.

Mr. (Colonel in the Lancashire Militia) TOWNELEY
is he who won the Oaks of 1860 with Butterfly (in
Mr. Eastwood's name), and the Derby of 1861 with
Kettledrum; Charles Towneley (of the family known
in connection with * the Towneley marbles '), born
1802, married into the hippie family of Molyneux
(Earls of Sefton, of whom the first was a member of
the early Jockey Club, and whose titular name was
given to a winner of the Derby), and died about 1873
(in which year Kettledrum found a home in Hungary).
Col. Towneley's first important success was in the
Royal Hunt Cup at Ascot in 1858, with the celebrated

804 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

half-bred Hesperithusa, though she ran in the name
of Mr. Eastwood.

Mr. H. F. CLARE YYNER (died 1882) is he who won
the Two Thousand of 1875 with Camballo, and was
brother to the present racing celebrity, Mr. B. C.
Vyner, who purchased the property of Fairfield,
Yorkshire, which one belonged to the ' Leviathan '
bookmaker, John Jackson, known as ' Jock o' Fair-
field.' Mr. E. C. Yyner, who has won the Grand
Prix de Paris (with the celebrated Minting in 1886),
the One Thousand (with Minthe in 1889), the St.
Leger (with The Lambkin in 1884), and other notable
races, is understood to have declined membership of
the Jockey Club on the tit-for-tat principle, which
leads people to refuse when it is offered that which
was not given when it was sought.

Mr. (RICHARD) WATT, winner of the One Thousand
with Cara in 1839, of the St. Leger in 1813, 1823, 1825,
and 1833, with Altisidora, Barefoot, Memnon, and
Piockingham, and virtually winner of it in 1817, when
his great horse Blacklock was foolishly « pulled back
to his horses ' by way of ' swagger,' and ' snapped ' by
Ebor at the finish, was he of Bishop Burton, Yorks,
one of the great 'Northern lights,' of Tramp and
Blacklock memory, and not to be confounded— as
he very often is — with Mr. Watts (of Ireland), an
owner of much later date, winner, in 1845, of the St.
Leger with The Baron (sire of Stockwell), and breeder
both of him and of his dam, Echidna, by Economist.

1891 DEPARTED MEMBERS 805

General MAKK WOOD cannot be passed over without
special commemoration, both because he was a nephew
of the famous Sir Mark Wood, of the Hare Park,
Newmarket, whose achievements on the Turf have
already been recorded, and because, like his friend
Lord Falmouth, he was no bettor, or, if he betted at
all, made merely nominal bets of no importance. He
served his country in the 60th Rifles (in Jamaica)
and in the Coldstream Guards (Crimea). He has left
no impression upon the Turf, on fcwhich he raced as
' Mr. Lambourne ' ; but, as regards ' the curse of
horse -racing,' which is betting, he has left an example
* pour encourager les autres.'

806 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

CHAPTEK XIII

PRESENT MEMBERS

OF the present members of the Jockey Club, the most
noteworthy as not belonging to the betting persuasion
are Lord Cadogan, the Duke of Portland, and the
Duke of Westminster ; and there are others who, like
Mr. James Lowther and General Pearson, are under-
stood to bet very little, if at all, and certainly not by
* throwing large commissions into the market/ as the
saying is, that is, by doing systematic and large
business with < the King.' Of the rest, the majority
(including Lord Durham, the modern reformer of the
Turf) are believed to consider horse-racing and betting
to be inseparable. The most noteworthy members,
as present or past participators in high offices and
public affairs, reminding one of the days when it was
said (truly, however ironically) that ' the country was
governed from Newmarket,' are (to say nothing of the
Koyalties, some of whom serve their country in various
prominent capacities) the Duke of Beaufort (twice
Master of the Horse) , the Earl of Bradford (a Master
of the Horse), Earl Cadogan (in the Cabinet), the Bt.

1891 PRESENT MEMBERS 807

Hon. H. Chaplin (in the Cabinet), Lord Eandolph
Churchill (an ex- Chancellor of the Exchequer, and ex-
Leader of the House of Commons), Lord Colville of
Culross (a Master of the Buckhounds), the Earl, of
Cork and Orrery (twice Master of the Buckhounds, and
a Master of the Horse), the Earl of Coventry (a Cap-
tain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms and Master of Buck-
hounds 1886), the Earl of Durham (the * Reformer '),
the Marquess of Exeter (a Treasurer of the Queen's
Household, and a Captain of the Gentlemen-at-
Arms), the Earl of Hardwicke (a Comptroller of the
Queen's Household, and a Master of the Buckhounds),
the Marquess of Hartington (an ex- Secretary of State),
Sir Henry Hawkins (a distinguished Judge), Earl
Howe (ex-Military Secretary to the Commander-ill -
Chief in India), the Earl of Ilchester (a Captain of
the Gentlemen-at-Arms), Sir Eobert Jardine (head of
the great China firm of Jardine, Mathieson and Co.,
and M.P. for Dumfriesshire), the Marquess of London-
derry (a Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland), the Et. Hon.
James Lowther (a Chief Secretary for Ireland), Mr.
G. Ernest Paget (a notable Chairman of public Rail-
ways), General Pearson (a distinguished officer), the
Duke of Portland (a Master of the Horse), Sir Hercules
Robinson (a distinguished Governor of several Colonies),
the Duke of Richmond and Gordon (Secretary for
Scotland, etc., etc.), the Earl of Rosebery (ex-Foreign
Secretary), the Duke of St. Albans (ex-Captain of the
Yeomen of the Guard), Lord Suffield (Superintendent

308 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

of Stables to the Prince of Wales), the Duke of West-
minster (a P.O. and a Master of the Horse), General
Owen Williams (a distinguished officer), and the Earl
of Zetland (Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland). No doubt
some of the posts held by these noblemen and gentle-
men are ' no great shakes ' ; but in these days, when
every appointment is so closely scrutinised, to hold the
least of them is more indicative of worth than it would
have been in days gone by, and the holders of them,
taken all together, form as competent a Board of Con-
trol for the Turf as heart could desire.

Of the present members the most successful upon
the Turf have been (to go by the ' classic ' races only)
Lord Alington (confederate with Sir F. Johnstone)
with Common ; the Duke of Beaufort with Vauban,
Petronel, Siberia, Scottish Queen, Keve d'Or ; Sir
Kobert Jardine (represented by Mr. J. Johnstone) with
Pretender, Bothwell ; the Duke of Westminster with
Shotover, Ormonde, Farewell, Bend Or ; Mr. Douglas
Baird with Enterprise, Enthusiast, Briar-Eoot ; the
Duke of Portland with Ayrshire, Semolina, Donovan,
and Memoir ; General (Colonel) Pearson with Achieve-
ment ; Lord Hartington with Belphoebe ; the Duke of
Hamilton with Miss Jummy, Ossian ; Mr. Chaplin with
Hermit; Sir F. Johnstone (sometimes confederate
with Lord Alington) with St. Blaise, Brigantine ; Lord
Hastings with Melton ; Lord Cadogan with Lonely ;
Lord Calthorpe with Seabreeze; Lord K. Churchill with
L'Abbesse de Jouarre ; Lord Rodney with Kilwarlin.

1891 PRESENT MEMBERS 809

Of the present members, hereditary tendency
towards Newmarket, the Turf, and the Jockey Club
is most pronounced in Lord Alington (both through
the Alingtons, to whom the manor of Newmarket
came by marriage from the Argentines, and through
the Humphry Sturt who was connected with the Turf
at the birth of the Jockey Club) ; in Sir J. D. Astley
(whose name is of great antiquity on the Turf, and
in the records of it) ; in Mr. Hedworth T. Barclay
(descended maternally from the winner of the Derby
' in a trot ' in 1803) ; in the Duke of Beaufort (whose
ancestor, Edward Somerset, Earl of Worcester, was
Master of the Horse to James L, of Newmarket renown);
in the Earl of Bradford (descended maternally from the
racing family of Sir David Moncreiffe) ; in Lord Cadogan
(whose name is recorded in ' Pond ' before the Jockey
Club was known) ; in Lord Calthorpe (who ' strains
back ' maternally to the Dukes of Beaufort, Noachian
patrons of the Turf) ; in Lord Cawdor (connected
maternally with the Thynnes, a noted racing family
as early as 1669) ; in Mr. H. Chaplin (one of whose
ancestry it probably was who ran as long ago, at least,
as 1719 Smiling Nanny for a Gold Cup at Newmarket;
and one of whose ancestry it obviously was who ran
his grey colt, Blankney, at Grantham and Stam-
ford, Lincolnshire, in 1765) ; in Lord E. Churchill
(who strains back to a Duke of Marlborough, a member,
as we have seen, of the Jockey Club in its earliest
days) ; in Lord Colville of Culross, very likely (as a

810 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

Colvill, or Colvil, or Colvile, is caught running Smiling
Molly at Newmarket, as early as 1733, with Lord
Gower and the rest of the ' quality ') ; in the Earl of
Cork (connected by marriage with the great racing
family of the Marquesses of Halifax, whose name is
conspicuous in the early Calendars) ; in Messrs. Craven
(a name redolent of the noble lord from whom came
the designation of the Craven Stakes, in 1771) ; in
Mr. Harvey Combe (a relation, no doubt, of the Mr.
Harvey Combe who, in 1838, had a controversy about
his horse Cobham, a favourite for the Derby, with his
trainer, John Scott) ; in Mr. Ambrose Crawley (if he
be maternally descended from Mr. Christopher Mus-
grave, of Kempton Park — which has become a very
centre of horse-racing — and he be connected with the
Ambrose Crawley, alderman of London, whose daughter
married the Earl of Ashburnham, one of the early
members of the Jockey Club, and who himself seems
to have done a little racing in 1753) ; in Lord Dor-
chester (whose predecessor, or one of whose predeces-
sors, in the title bred the famous horse Buccaneer —
once the property of Lord Portsmouth, but sold to
happy Austria-Hungary in 1865 — and whose possible
ancestor, Sir John Carleton, did the first bit of recorded
' warning-off ' from Newmarket Heath in 1636) ; in
Viscount Downe (belonging to a very old horse-racing
family of Danby Lodge, Yorkshire, of whom one ran
a match at Newmarket as early as 1748, against the
Lord March, better known as ' Old Q.') ; in the Mar-

1891 PRESENT MEMBERS 811

quess of Drogheda (whose ancestor would run horses at
Newmarket in the days before the fact that Queen
Anne was dead was so generally known as it now is,
with names, varying from the gentle Tom Tit to the
tremendous Hell Fire, which would scarcely pass
muster nowadays) ; in the Earl of Durham (who, as a
Lambton, connected with the Curwens, of Curwen
Bay Barb celebrity, bears a name which carries us
back to horse-racing at York some time before Queen
Anne died) ; in the Earl of Eglinton (one of whose pre-
decessors introduced l Bozzy ' to the Jockey Club in
1765, and another ' belonged to ' the Flying Dutch-
man) ; in the Earl of Ellesmere (who is positively
saturated with Jockey Club, so to speak, inasmuch as
he is connected in family with the Duke of Bridge-
water, who, as we have seen, was an original member
of the Club ; he married a daughter of the second
Marquess of Normanby, a member of the Club, and the
first Earl of Ellesmere married a daughter of Mr.
C. C. Greville, a member of the Club, who himself had
married a daughter of the Duke of Portland, a member
of the Club) ; in the Marquess of Exeter (who, by his
name of Cecil, takes us back in the history of the Turf
as far at least as 1713 and 1714, when the Hon. W.
Cecil's Creeper ran, in company with Queen Anne's
Mustard and Star, at York) ; in the Earl of Feversham
(whose family name of Duncombe has been shown to
have appeared in the records of horse-racing before
the foundation of the Jockey Club) ; in the Fitzwil-

312 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

liams (whose racing fame is connected with that of
their kinsman, the 'Bay Malton' Marquess of Kocking-
ham) ; in Colonel the Hon. H. Forester (whose family
appears to have matrimonial ' crosses ' with the racing
families of Manners, and Maltzahn, and Lamb [Lords
Melbourne, of Brocket Hall]) ; in Lord Gerard (whose
family is supposed to have gone horse-racing some
time B.C., and certainly, as long ago as 1623, a Lord
Gerard is credited with a notable race-horse called
Captain) ; in Sir Eeginald Graham (through the
famous Sir Bellingham Graham, to go back no farther) ;
in the Duke of Hamilton (whose predecessors, the
tenth and eleventh dukes, appear to have eschewed
the Turf and the Jockey Club) through the great
northern horse-racer, Lord Archibald, ninth duke,
and back to the first duke, who was Master of the
Horse to Charles I. ; in the Marquess of Hartington
(who recalls memories of Flying Childers, the property
of a Duke of Devonshire) ; in Lord Hastings (whose
ancestor, Sir Jacob Astley, appears once in the extra-
ordinary character — for an Astley — of a prohibitor of
a horse-race at Catterick in 1639, for the name is
connected rather with the promotion of such sport
from the earliest times) ; in Mr. J. H. Houldsworth
(with memories of Filho da Puta in 1816) ; in Earl
Howe (whose title, and whose name of Curzon both
recall the earliest days of the Club) ; in the Earl
of Ilchester (whose compound name of Fox- Strange-
ways tells in its first part a tale of the Et. Hon.

1891 PRESENT MEMBERS 813

C. J. Fox, member of the Jockey Club, and runner
of many race-horses) ; in Sir F. Johnstone (a name of
early and notable distinction upon the Turf, of a family
whose members rode as well as ran their race-horses) ;
in Captain Douglas Lane (closely connected with
Newmarket by descent, it is understood, from the
Colonel John Lane, who was the intimate friend of
Charles II.) ; in Lord Lascelles (related, no doubt,
to the Rev. Mr. Lascelles, of Gilling, near Eichmond,
Yorkshire, who is mentioned as a temporary owner
of the fabulous Tartar mare, dam of Mr. O'Kelly's
famous Queen Mab) ; in Mr. W. J. Legh (inasmuch
as in 1751, just at the birth of the Jockey Club, there
was to be run for at Newton ' a Gold Cup, value 50/.,
given by Mr. Legh, of Lyme,' which was won by
Mr. Barker's Sweet William) ; in Sir W. A. Lethbridge
(since the first Baronet, Sir Hesketh, of that surname
appears to have married an Astley, and the third,
predecessor of the present Sir Wroth Acland, to have
married the only daughter of the once too well-known
* Jack ' Mytton, of Halston, who verily watered the
Turf with his fortune) ; in the Marquess of London-
derry (whose name of Vane carries us back to the
annals of racing in 1612, to penetrate no farther into
antiquity, and whose compour.d name of Vane-
Tempest is eloquent of Sir Harry V. T. and the great
Hambletonian) ; in the Eight Hon. James Lowther
(whose name is an epitome of excellent hippie
records, as regards both horse-racing and horse-

314 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

breeding) ; in the Earl of March (who telescopes into
the Duke of Kichmond, taking us back to the first
Duke, Master of the Horse, about 1681-82, and to
Old Eowley and Newmarket in olden time, and con-
juring up all the glories of Goodwood) ; in the Duke
of Montrose (as the Grahams or Graemes are almost
antediluvian patrons of horse-racing, and one of them
ran Champion against Queen Anne's ( nutmeg-grey '
Mustard at York in 1713) ; in Mr. G. E. Paget (if
by any chance his family 'belonged to' the Paget
Turk, which, however, is very uncertain) ; in General
Pearson (if haply, which is again uncertain, he
' strain back ' to the Mr. Anthony Pearson, so fre-
quently met with in ' Pick ' as a mighty breeder of
good racehorses) ; in Lord Penrhyn (who is a grand-
son of the Hon. John Douglas, a name prominent
upon the Turf, and who married, as it were, into the
Jockey Club, for the first Lady Penrhyn was a daughter
of Sir C. Eushout, a member of the Jockey Club) ; in
the Duke of Portland (whose family produced Lord
George Bentinck, which suffices) ; in the (now de-
ceased) Earl of Portsmouth (for a Wallop, a Viscount
Lymington, runs his horse Toy at Windsor as early
as 1744, before there was a Jockey Club) ; in Lord
Eendlesham, one of whose family it was, no doubt,
who, as Mr. C. Thelusson, was racing at Doncaster in
1810 (early enough — when the foreign origin of the
' accumulator ' who caused the * Thelusson Act ' is
considered), to say nothing of intermarriage with

1891 PRESENT MEMBERS 315

the family of the racing Earls of Eglinton ; in the
Duke of Richmond (as a descendant of ' Old Rowley ') ;
in Lord Rosebery (of a family * full of running
blood,' par les femmes) ; in Mr. Leopold de Rothschild
(through Baron Lionel, alias Mr. Acton, the owner of
Sir Bevys, and also through the more famous Baron
Meyer, of Mentmore) ; in the Duke of St. Albans
(through ' Old Rowley ' again) ; in the Earl of Suffolk
and Berkshire (a Howard, descended from Bernard
Howard, it is understood, who was a sort of Admiral
Rous in the days of ' Old Rowley ') ; in Mr. Montagu
Tharp (who, though an honorary member only, and
not known upon the Turf, has his estate of Chippen-
ham Park, Cambs., handy for Newmarket, and is
great-grandson of the Mr. John Tharp who raced
as long ago as 1799 at Newmarket with the epony-
mous horse Chippenham, and other horses) ; in the
Duke of Westminster (from the Sir Richard Grosvenor,
who was the first Earl, a member of the Jockey Club
at the beginning, and adopter of the popular ' yellow
and black cap ') ; in the Earl of Westmorland (whose
title is that of a Master of the Horse in 1796, to go
back no farther, and one of whose ancestors married
the daughter of a Bristol merchant bearing the
racing name of Swymmer, perhaps the Antony Lang-
ley Swymmer whom we have encountered among
the early members of the Jockey Club, or a relation
of his, and who 1 imself married into the racing
family of Howe) ; in General Owen Williams (if, by

316 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

any chance, he be connected by lineage with the Sir
J. Williams of the famous ' Turk,' otherwise ' Hony-
wood's Arabian ') ; and in the Earl of Zetland
(through the Sir Lawrance Dundas who, according
to the more credible version, was one of the sub-
scribers to the Jockey Club Challenge Cup in 1768).
Since these lines were written the Earl of Westmor-
land (the twelfth) has died (July 31, 1891), and he
has been added to the ' departed. ' members of the
Jockey Club. The Earl of Portsmouth has also died
(October 4, 1891).

1891 317

CHAPTER XIV

A BRIEF REVIEW

DURING this Third Period, towards the end of which
a ' reg'lar new fit out o' rules ' (to come into effect
from January 1, 1890) was published, the Club had
to deal with a great many important matters, whereof
the most interesting, so far as the public is concerned,
were the following :

In 1835 sanction was given to the publication (for
the first time, so far as can be discovered), in the
book Calendar, of a list (continued annually ever
since) containing the names of the noblemen and
gentlemen belonging to the Jockey Club at the time
of issue. What the reason was is a mere matter of
conjecture; perhaps to overawe the common herd,
perhaps to let it be publicly known by how obviously
trustworthy and competent a body the authority over
the affairs of the Turf had been partly gained through
conferment or acquiescence, and partly usurped
through self-assertion, so that feelings of animosity
might be allayed, and a sense of confidence and security
established in the breast of everybody who might

818 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

take an interest in the Turf. Cynicism would incline
towards the former explanation, Christian charity
towards the latter.

In 1838 the Club declared its ' extreme disappro-
bation of horses being started for races without the
intention on the part of the owners of trying to win '
(of which more will be said presently), and enacted a
rule (for Newmarket) that ' any member of a Kacing
Club riding in with the leading horses, shall be fined
25 sovs., and anybody else 5 sovs.' This objectionable
practice had been very common with the illustrious
and Kt. Hon. C. J. Fox, and with that stern reformer
of abuses Lord G. Bentinck himself (insomuch that
the Judge Clark of that day, haying had his placing
of the horses called in question, remarked that he
* ought properly to have placed a tall gentleman in a
white macintosh first,' Lord George being a tall gen-
tleman who wore a white macintosh) , and called aloud
for stringent repression. It has already been noticed
that the Club in 1842 declined to have anything fur-
ther to do with disputes about bets ; so we may get
on to 1844, when the ' Kunning Eein ' scandal in con-
nection with the Derby of that year, as well as the
' Leander case ' and the ' Eatan case ' in connection
with the same Derby, and the ' Bloodstone case ' in
connection with the New Stakes at Ascot in the same
year, gave the Jockey Club no end of trouble. There
is no intention here of re-telling the threadbare stories
of rascality. They are merely alluded to for the pur-

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW

pose of pointing out that they testify to a terrible
weakness of the knees on the part of the Jockey Club,
which, having in this year 1844, and in the next year
1845 (on account of what was called the ' Old England
conspiracy,' for the ' nobbling ' and even cruelly
' maiming ' a horse called Old England, which was
expected to win the Derby), ' warned off ' certain mis-
creants for about as heinous offences as anybody could
conceive, by the year 1847 had relented and restored
to the scoundrels, or to the most dangerous of them,
the privileges which had been removed either right-
eously (as appears from the Jockey Club's own account)
or unrighteously. If unrighteously (which is not to
be thought for a moment) a handsome apology should,
of course, have accompanied the public notice of the
restoration of privileges, or at any rate a dignified ex-
planation. It is that Gallio-Kke method of treating
great offences, combined with a more Draconic mode
of procedure against small offenders, which has caused
a doubt sometimes whether the Jockey Club is morally
sound at the core.

In 1845 the Jockey Club passed that Kule which
was enough to make * Old Q.5 and the earliest members
of the Club turn in their graves : ' that no races for
gentlemen riders be allowed at Newmarket during the
regular meetings, without the sanction of the Stewards,
and that, in the event of such sanction being obtained,
these races be the first or last of the day.' Hence-
forth the name ' Jockey Club ' became a misnomer,

320 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

though there can be little doubt about the soundness
of the Bule. Between 1840 and 1846, too, the Club
(chiefly through the Duke of Kichmond, and of Lord
Palmerston, who was consequently elected a member
of the Club) procured the repeal of an obnoxious Act
of Parliament (13th year of George II.) as to running
two horses in a race (for a Plate) and obtained the
passage of the Gaming Acts Discontinuance Bill,
whereby qui tarn actions were prevented, and scoun-
drels who raked up an obsolete statute for purposes
of black-mail were checkmated.

In 1852 the Jockey Club publicly, by decreeing
the weights to be carried, gave its sanction to a race
in which two-year-olds were to run three miles at New-
market ; but, it should be remembered, in the Hough-
ton week, when they would be ' rising three ' very
rapidly, though, even so, it was a ' heavy order ' well
discharged in 1870 or thereabouts. But in 1852, the
Jockey Club countenanced the racing of yearlings, as
we have seen. That, in 1855, the Club should have
discontinued the Second Spring Meeting is the more
noticeable because, in 1890, when the Meeting had been
renewed (1870-71), a Second July was added (some
days, however, being at the same time docked from
other meetings). That in 1856 a Eule was passed
* that if either party in a case which is heard before
the Stewards of the Jockey Club, desires to have a
short-hand writer engaged to take down the evidence,
the Stewards may, if they think proper, engage a

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 321

shorthand- writer at the expense of the person making
the request/ does not seem to have been generally
known at the time of the Chetwynd-Durham affair a
year or two ago, after which a proposition was made
as to the employment of a shorthand-writer at all
meetings of the Club, else perhaps it would have been
pointed out that (with the exception of defrayment of the
expense) not much advance was made, by the conces-
sion then obtained, upon the position secured in 1856.
In 1857 came the letter, already mentioned, in
which Lord Derby vigorously called on the Club to
do their duty, and which deserves to be read in con-
nection with Mr. Baron Alderson's observations at the
conclusion of the ' Kunning Kein ' case, when he said :
* Before we part, I must be allowed to say that this
case has produced great regret and disgust in my
mind. It has disclosed a wretched fraud, and has
shown noblemen and gentlemen associating and
betting with men of low rank, and infinitely beneath
them in society.' There we have it : but for the
betting the close association would not be tolerated,
that betting which the majority of the Jockey
Club have encouraged from the first. Perhaps Lord
Derby (whose letter related especially to a Mr.
Adkins, a convicted swindler) had in his mind's eye,
when he wrote, the race for the Hunt Cup of 1856,
when he himself raced in company with the said
Mr. Adkins, or that pretty picture in the Cesarewitch
of the same year, when Mr. Adkins raced in company

Y

822 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

with Lord Anglesey, Lord W. Powlett, Sir E. W.
Bulkeley, and Captain Douglas Lane, all members or
soon to be members of the Jockey Club, and when
the race was won by Vengeance (which must have
recalled memories of the Eugeley poisoner, William
Palmer), with Pole Star (which was eloquent of
Palmer's victim, Mr. J. P. Cooke) second, and
December (belonging to the W. Day who had been
'warned off' in consequence of the 'Old England'
affair) third. If poverty makes strange bed-fellows,
so does betting make strange associates. If it were
not for the betting, Messrs. Adkins and Co. would
not find it worth their while to run horses, and the
' noblemen and gentlemen ' would not find it worth
while to tolerate such gentry if they did.

In 1858, under the auspices of the Club, there
came into operation a ' reg'lar new fit-out o' Eules,'
of which that which has given rise to most contro-
versy, and which (though not precisely in the same
words) remains in force to the present day, decrees
that : ' All nominations are void by the death of the sub-
scriber ; ' a rule enforced in scarcely any, if any, other
country. It evidently grew out of the old rule in
* Pond,' that : ' Matches and bets are void on the
decease of either party before the match or bet is
determined.' But there is no need to point out how
different is the case when matches have almost become
obsolete, and sweepstakes, etc., for which horses are
entered two or three years before determination, are

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 323

the order of the day. [As to bets, of course nothing
will be said here.] But it is by no means certain
that the rule is not a good one, or as good a one as is
possible under the circumstances. It may be a case
of England against the world ; but England (as Free-
traders will allow) may be right all the same.

What says the French rule ? It used to run, and
probably still runs thus : * L'engagement d'un cheval
est annule, si la personne sous le nom de laquelle il a
ete engage meurt avant 1'epoque fixee pour le paie-
ment de 1'entree ou du forfait. Dans les courses ou
il est stipule que Pentree sera representee par un
billet, 1'epoque du paiement sera considered comme
fixee au jour de la souscription de ce billet ; ' with
the following important modification :

1 Le montant du forfait, ou de 1'entree lorsqu'il n'y
a pas de forfait, doit etre verse au moment de 1' engage-
ment.

' Dans les courses pour lesquelles les engagements
se font un an ou plus d'un an a 1'avance, le montant
de 1'entree ou du forfait peut etre represente par un
billet a ordre.

' Lorsque les conditions de la coarse admettent
plusieurs forfaits, c'est le forfait le plus eleve qui doit
etre depose ou souscrit.

* Tout engagement qui n'est pas accompagne du
montant de 1'entree ou du forfait exige peut etre
refuse.'

This, of course, is tantamount to a rule that

Y 2

324 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

' nominations are not void by the death of a sub-
scriber ' (which is the Australian rule in so many
words) ; and one seems to remember that Archiduc
thus became incapable of running for the English
Derby by the death of Count Lagrange, but could and
did run for the French, and was second to Little Duck.

The German rule (Union Klub's) used to run, and
probably does still run : * Die zu den Eennen ge-
machten Anmeldungen bleiben giiltig, selbst wenn der
Unterzeichner oder Nenner stirbt ' (nominations not
void by death of subscriber).

The Austro - Hungarian : ' Abgegebene Unter-
schriften oder Nennungen erloschen, wenn der Unter-
zeichner oder Nenner stirbt, ausser wenn ein ange-
meldetes Pferd vor dem eingetretenen Todesfall seines
Nenner s mit Engagements verkauft und die gehorige
Anzeige hievon erstattet wurde ' (nominations are void
by the death of a subscriber, unless the nominated
horse shall have been sold with engagements before
the death, and due notice of the sale shall have been
given ; which is the English rule with a very impor-
tant modification).

Still there is a great deal to be said in favour of
the English rule as it now stands ; it is so simple,
so trenchant, so downright, so preventive of mistakes,
disputes, litigation and dishonesty, unless in the event
(which is likely to be very rare) of the almost simul-
taneous occurrence of the subscriber's death and tjie
decision of a race to which he may have subscribed.

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 825

There is a sort of dog-in-the-manger plea which is
sometimes urged in favour of the rule as it stands ;
but that deserves little attention. It is, that a de-
ceased subscriber would probably have subscribed for
a great many horses, of which only one perhaps
would be good, and that the purchaser of that ' crack '
would be quit of all the liabilities incurred by the
original subscribers for the bad ones, and the various
stakes, if the purchaser did not win them, would be
so much the less valuable to another, and, if he did,
so much the more to himself. But, even if the plea
were not too mean to be considered, it should be
borne in mind that for the Derby, for the Grand Prix,
and for many, if not most, of the great stakes there
is now a minor forfeit, which the subscriber would
most likely have paid for the bad ones before his decease,
so that there would be little of the anticipated loss.
Another point which should be looked at, and which
tells in favour of the rule as it stands, is this : that
those who object to the rule consider the cases only of
good horses (in which there is no doubt a depreciation
of property sometimes) and of horses with great
reputation, or of owners (like the late Mr. White,
the Australian representative) possessing such horses
to be left to their ' executors, administrators, and
assigns,' but the good horses, and even the reputed
good horses, are to the bad as one to a hundred (or
more), and both the good and the reputed good horses
very often belie their promise (as the notorious Lady

326 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

Elizabeth testifies), so that the present rule, which
certainly does rather good than harm to the inheritors
of bad horses, may also very often save the inheritor
or purchaser of good or reputed good horses from
disappointment or ruinous disaster.

The year 1859 is also noteworthy in the history
of the Club as the year in which Admiral Eous (by
continuous re-election till his death in 1875) com-
menced his career of a sort of Perpetual President
(as Sir C. Bunbury is said to have been in his day),
during which, it is asserted, he raised the revenues at
the command of the authorities at Newmarket from a
bare 3,0002. a year to 18,0002.

In 1860 the Jockey Club was threatened with the
intervention of a meddlesome Legislature in the form
of a Bill concerning race-horses and horse-racing, but
the danger was averted by means of a petition presented
on behalf of the Club by Lord Derby ; in 1861 the re-
maining one of the originally two ' exclusive ' Jockey
Club Plates (of 1753) was thrown open (with an
augmentation of value) to the public ; in 1862
Admiral Eous, for the Jockey Club, debated with the
Vicomte Daru, for the French Jockey Club, the ques-
tion of running the race for the newly instituted
Grand Prix on some other day than Sunday, but was
beaten by the Sabbath-breaking Frenchmen (so that
some of the most eminent members of our Jockey
Club, such as the late Lord Falmouth and the present
Duke of Westminster, have abstained from running

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 827

for that valuable prize), and in the same year the
Club again established (against * Argus ') its right to
* warn off ' ; in 1863 the Jockey Club opened to 'the
horses of members of the Booms at Newmarket, as
well as to members of the Jockey Club,' the old ex-
clusive Jockey Club Challenge Cup, which has been a
failure almost from the first ; in 1864 the Club, which
had ceased to bask in the smiles of Royalty (with the
exception of Dutch representatives thereof), revived,
with the Prince of Wales to give it fresh vitality and
lustre ; in 1865 the Club had to thank Mr. Blenkiron
(of Eltham Stud Farm) for the institution of the Middle
Park Plate (with 1,OOOZ. 'added'), touching which in
1869 (when the Club took it over with the substitution
of 500/. for 1,OOOL) there was a somewhat ungracious
proposal (defeated by a majority of the Club, it is
pleasant to relate) made that * as the money is added
by the Jockey Club, it shall be called the Jockey Club
Plate ' ; in 1866 the Jockey Club paid the French the
well-deserved compliment of making M. de Lagrange,
M. Lupin, and the President, Vice- President, and three
Stewards of the French Jockey Club, honorary
members of the English; in 1867 it was resolved
that the Master of the Buckhounds for the time
being should be ex qfficio a member of the Jockey
Club ; in 1869 the Club determined to enlarge the
Betting Enclosure for the convenience of persons
engaged in that of which the Club is supposed to
' take no cognisance,' as the excellent Mr. Tatter sail

828 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

in former times, though himself inimical to betting,
built, for the accommodation of his patrons who were
addicted to what he deprecated, a * house of call * more
commodious than his parlour, which had previously
served their purpose as well as it could ; in 1869 and
1870 the Jockey Club successfully wrestled with Sir
J. Hawley in his attempts to revolutionise horse-
racing and the constitution of the Club, after the
fashion advocated (though not to the same extent,
apparently) in these latter days by the reforming
Earl of Durham ; and in 1872 Admiral Eous, on pro-
posing (with Lord Falmouth, represented by Lord
Calthorpe, as seconder) that * no person starting one,
two, or more horses, shall give orders to his jockey to
pull up a horse that has a chance of winning, on any
plea of declaration, or under any circumstances,' was
promptly defeated by 22 votes to 4.

This is the more extraordinary because, as we
have seen, the Club had in 1838 expressed its extreme
disapprobation of starting horses without the intention
of winning with them ; and plain folk will have a
difficulty in understanding how that can mean any-
thing else than * without the intention of winning
with that which turns out to be the best of them in
the race for which they are run/ for that is surely the
end and aim of racing, and any other way of racing,
as Admiral Eous clearly saw and as clearly stated,
may be turned to sinister purposes. It is only fair to
say that members of the Jockey Club, who were quite

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 329

as honourable as Admiral Kous, voted against his
proposition. And here again conies in the ever-re-
curring question of betting ; but for which it is not
easy to see why an owner should prefer to win with
one of his horses rather than another, though cer-
tainly it would appear that in the One Thousand of
1890 the Duke of Portland was moved by sentimental
regard for the Semolina he had bred in preference to
the Memoir he had purchased, unless, indeed, he may
have understood that Semolina had been backed by
the public, and may have allowed himself to be in-
fluenced by that understanding. Mr. William Day,
in his ' Eacehorse in Training ' (edition 1880, pp.
169-172) waxes quite enthusiastic in favour of the
' declaration to win,' considers it ' a disgraceful ex-
hibition ' when a jockey wins ' in defiance of orders '
(to ' pull,' when a * declaration ' has been made) , and
opines that * the offending jockey should in every
case be heavily fined and suspended ' (because he will
probably have played havoc with the owner's betting,
not with the owner's legitimate winning of stakes).
How the minds of the most chivalrously honourable
runners of race-horses may become tainted and per-
verted by this doctrine of the ' declaration ' may be
best illustrated by an account of what happened in
1850, when the proverbially chivalrous Lord Stanley
(afterwards the Prime Minister Lord Derby) and his
friend (and perhaps confederate for the time being)
Mr. C. C. Greville, the celebrated Clerk of the Council,

330 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

were concerned in a transaction of what seems to
ordinary persons a very peculiar kind, akin to the
' declaration to win.' Lord Stanley, who was a bettor
and sometimes a pretty heavy one, ran his mare
Canezou for the Goodwood Cup, and it was well
known that Canezou would have the better chance
if she had ' something to make the running for her,'
as the phrase is. Mr. C. C. Greville, therefore,
kindly started his horse Cariboo to give her that
assistance. The account goes on to say : ' Cariboo was
declared to start merely to make the running for
Canezou ; but he went so well that it ivas all Charlton
[his jockey~\ could do to pull him up in front of the
Stand, in order that Butler might win with the mare.'
Now, Mr. William Davis, the ' Leviathan ' bookmaker,
had betted heavily against Canezou, it is said, and
it is no wonder, therefore, that he indulged in strong
language, as he is reported to have done, at this
exhibition of what the most chivalrous aristocrats
consider honourable, or that some newspaper-writers
of the day made unfavourable comments upon the
proceedings. Of course both Mr. Davis and those
writers were laughed at for their ignorance by more
discriminating judges of what is right and proper,
fair and unfair, honourable and dishonourable ; but
it is worthy of remark that, though a ' declaration '
was made and a perfect understanding existed (it was
assarted), yet on this occasion Canezou and Cariboo
did not even belong to the same owner, but to different

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW £31

owners (unless, as was observed above, Lord Stanley
and Mr. Greville were confederates at the time, which
is not stated in the account to have been the case).
Anyhow, to take a broad view of such questions, it is
not very wonderful if persons, in whom the moral
perception is not naturally very acute, or has not been
sharpened by culture and practice, cannot see why,
if you may have one of two or more horses pulled for
the sake of winning not a race, be it observed, but the
money you have betted on a race, you may not have
a single horse pulled for the same commercially
legitimate object, or why you may not juggle with
three horses (to the deception and pecuniary spoiling
of the Egyptians) as with three cards. However
that may be, the Jockey Club has at last (in the
Eules of 1890) officially sanctioned (Part XIX. Rule
141) the * declaration to win ' (in spite of the dis-
approbation expressed in 1838), but has made it
compulsory, whereas it was formerly quite voluntary.
This is as opportune a place as any for telling
another little anecdote (related by Admiral Rous)
illustrative of the example set by a noble member of
the Jockey Club for the edification of the Ring and of
horse-owners. The noble owner (who was Lord
Darlington, afterwards Duke of Cleveland) of Cwrw,
winner of the Two Thousand in 1812, says the
Admiral (who was certainly a little given to ' fouling
his own nest ') in his * Horse-racing, had another
horse, a colt by Remembrancer, in the Two Thousand.

332 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

This latter, before the race (which, it must be
remembered, was not at that time a P.P. race, other-
wise a ' Pay or Play ' race, otherwise a race in which
bets laid against a horse which did not start were not
won), was ' ridden past the Eing with Chifney on his
back and a stable-boy on Cwrw,' which was, of course,
as much as a ' declaration to win ' with the Eemem-
brancer colt. But ' at the starting-post, Chifney
changed his mount, Cwrw became the first favourite
and won an immense stake,' and ' the Eemembrancer
colt did not start, by which the Eing lost a great
portion of their field-money.' Yet this Lord Dar-
lington was so far the very soul of honour, that when
he became Marquess of Cleveland he, mounting upon
the table at the Subscription Eooms, Doncaster, in
the ' Ludlow ' year (1832), denounced * horse-cheats '
with a fervour worthy of Peter the Hermit, and
declared that thenceforth ' no gentleman could have
anything to do with the Turf, at Doncaster at any
rate.' His conduct in the case of Cwrw was, to say
the least of it, ' shady,' but has been defended on
the ground that the Eing had very often ' had ' him.
It should be recollected, however, that ' noblesse
oblige ' ; and that, if you condescend to be an ex-
ample of ' diamond cutting diamond,' you become a
* diamond.' To this may be added the instance re-
corded of the great reformer but gigantic bettor, Lord
George Bentinck himself, when he threatened to have
Elis scratched for the St. Leger of 1836, unless the

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 333

required ' odds ' were forthcoming, and so gave the
sanction of his high authority to the abominable
practice of ' putting on the screw/

In 1875 the Jockey Club, marching with the
times, actually erected a Grand Stand ; and, as for
many years a charge had been made for carriages
of all kinds, Newmarket became, to all intents and
purposes, almost as much a ' gate-money ' race-eours
as Kempton, Sandown, etc., which, joined to the fact
that so many members of the Jockey Club have
houses at Newmarket, makes the Heath a more
private race-course (of which the members of the
Jockey Club are the proprietors) than many another
which is so-called but belongs to a company of share-
holders. It may be a matter of regret, from certain
points of view, to see the old delightful freedom and
costlessness and openness to everybody departing from
that which was peculiarly a popular spectacle, but the
' gate ' gives an excellent means of excluding the pro-
fessional * bettor,' whenever it seems proper to adopt
that course.

We may now pass on to 1876, when there was
another ' reg'lar new fit out o' rules/ which will be
found in ' Weatherby ' ; and it may be noted in
passing, that the President of the American Jockey
Club was by this time admitted among the honorary
members of the English. In this year the Club had to
deal with a representation made to them by certain
* owners and trainers of horses,' who desired to put

834 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

an end to the * Training Keports,' which had been
introduced into some of the ' sporting newspapers ' ;
and on the suggestion of Admiral Eous, it was agreed
that * the Committee lately appointed to consider the
new rules should advise on the best mode of dealing
with the subject.' What conclusion the Committee
came to, matters little ; for we all know that the
1 nuisance ' (if that be the proper name for it), so far
from being abolished or abated, has become greater
than ever, and that the information afforded (though
perhaps of no practical use to any living creature) is
daily paraded in detail and devoured with avidity by
thousands, who derive as much comfort, if as little
profit from it, as the old lady derived from 'that
blessed word Mesopotamia.' In this year 1876,
moreover, the Club had its attention drawn to the
question of ' reciprocity ' between the English Turf
and the French, a reciprocity demanded, it was said,
by the success of French horses on our race-courses
in 1876, to the tune of some 26,OOOZ. So that Lords
Falmouth (of all men in the world), Vivian, and
Hardwicke gave notice of measures to be brought
before the Jockey Club in 1877 in restriction of
French liberty to win our stakes. It was to be ' reci-
procity ' or ' warning off.' Ultimately, as we know,
the measures were all shelved, and the question was
not revived until Plaisanterie won both Cesarewitch
and Cambridgeshire in 1885 (as Foxhall, the Ameri-
can, had done in 1881, without raising any desire

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 335

among English owners to take vengeance for their
losses by a descent upon Jerome Park). Then, at
length, the Club was roused to action, and passed a
resolution which rather contributed than not to make
the French mare Tenebreuse win the Cesarewitch of
1888, and turned the laugh against the proposer.
The Jockey Club had, so to speak, to eat its own
words.

Of course reciprocity is to be desired, if only for
the look of the thing ; but for a perfectly equitable
reciprocity there should be something like equal con-
ditions on both sides. The arena on which the
championship of the world is decided must be open to
all comers ; but it does not follow that every smaller
arena, whence competitors come thither to achieve a few
successes at long intervals, is bound to * reciprocate '
at the risk of having all its prizes won by strangers.
At any rate, the Jockey Club would do well to think
twice before they pass measures which, debarring the
French from our courses, would keep their subscrip-
tions from swelling our stakes, their owners from
training in England, and employing hundreds of
'hands/ and their purchasers from buying in our
market (either because they would no longer have to
contend against our breed of horses, and would be
content with their own ; or because they would take
our action as a proof that their horses were as good
as ours, else we should not be afraid of them). Lord
Stamford and Warrington, as we have seen, showed

386 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

how to obtain the right of running on French race-
courses ; and since then the present Duke of Hamilton
has taught the Jockey Club a similar lesson.

As a red rag to a bull, so is Mr. Anderson's
Metropolitan Eacecourse Bill of 1879 to a member of
the Jockey Club, who will deride it as a ' posthumous
act,' inasmuch as the club, ' with a view to the aboli-
tion ' of such public nuisances as Kingsbury, Bromley,
and hoc genus omne, had already before 1879, and,
indeed, in the new rules of 1876-77, made such a sum
of ' added money ' per diem obligatory that the afore-
said meetings had ' been smothered out of existence '
before the said Bill ' came into operation.' But these
nuisances had been in existence for years and years
(amidst outcry and lamentation) before the Jockey
Club adopted the very roundabout course of which it
boasts ; and that course had certainly not ' smothered
out of existence ' Bromley by 1881, or Kingsbury by
1879 ; and it is problematical whether the entire
smothering would have been effected by this time,
had it not been for the fear inspired by an Act of
Parliament. The Jockey Club might long before have
put down the nuisances by the strong measure of de-
nouncing the conduct of those meetings, and resolving
that horses which had run there should be disqualified
from running anywhere under Jockey Club rules. It
is this dilatoriness, this hesitation to strike home,
this habit of pleading ' Please, sir, we were just
a-going to begin,' or ' we had as good as done it,

1891 A BRIEF REVIEW 837

when some exterior pressure is brought to bear, that
has always characterised the Club, and brought under
a sort of jealous suspicion the authority which it has
so excellent a right to claim and exercise.

From 1879 to 1884 the Club was chiefly employed
in devising means for the suppression of the evils
which arise from the existence of jockeys who not
only bet, and bet to an extravagant extent, but are
owners or in part owners (as well as trainers) of race-
horses ; but though elaborate measures (including
the licensing of jockeys, and the securing of the fees
due to them, as far as possible, so that they should
no longer have their old excuse for betting) were
passed and still remain in force, it is extremely
doubtful whether the impracticable object has been
so much as approached within measurable distance.
Impracticable, so long as jockeys are human, with
eyes to see the example set them by their employers,
with ears to hear the suggestions of the tempter
(whether brother-jockey, trainer, bookmaker, or
another), and with wits to understand how to shift
their own personality beyond all reasonable chance of
identification.

In 1885 the successes of Plaisanterie in the
Cesarewitch and Cambridgeshire led to the passing
of a rule which, known to the French as * la proposi-
tion Craven ' (Mr. W. G. Craven's), was intended, it
is supposed, to make things hard for French candi-
dates in the future ; but which, according to the

z

338 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-

opinion of French authorities, had the contrary effect,
and led indirectly to the success of Tenebreuse in
1888. The rule was afterwards withdrawn.

We now come to the gravest matter with which
the Cluh has had to deal since it first came into exist-
ence— for the ' Kunning Rein ' business was not
settled by the Club but by a court of law, and, more-
over, did not involve the credit of one of its own
members— the ' Chetwynd-Durham Case,' which was
left to the arbitration of the stewards of the Jockey
Club, and was, in fact, an indictment framed by one
member of the Club against another. There is no
intention here of going into the details of the matter.
It will suffice to call to mind that in a speech delivered
at the Gimcrack Club, York, Lord Durham, in the
most outspoken manner, brought certain charges
which Sir G. Chetwynd considered to be levelled
against himself, and said so. Lord Durham admitted
that the cap had been put upon the right head.
Whereupon Sir George, in the good old-fashioned
way, wished to fight. Lord Durham naturally de-
clined ; not only, it may be presumed, because duel-
ling is obsolete, as well as illegal, but because to have
accepted the challenge would have proved nothing
more than that two gentlemen were ready to stand
fire or cold steel, as everybody would have taken it
for granted that they were, and as * Tommy Atkins '
is whenever he is called upon. There was, therefore,
nothing for it but the law ; from which, with the

1891 A BKIEF REVIEW 889

necessary formal technicalities, the case was trans-
ferred to the Stewards of the Jockey Club for arbit-
rament. A dreadfully long inquiry ensued. Lord
Durham proved a great many things (especially that
between a member of the Club, a trainer, and a jockey
of large pecuniary means, great ability, and question-
able character, there were extraordinary relations,
such as certainly would not have met with the appro-
bation of the Lord Derby who wrote the letter to the
Club of June 30, 1857), but, as most people thought,
did not prove the particular allegations he had made.
In the end Lord Durham incurred a great deal of
expense, and won a great deal of credit. The Stewards
delivered a sort of half and half award in spirit,
though they awarded but one farthing instead of the
20,OOOZ. claimed ; and Sir George Chetwynd retired
from the Club, announcing his retirement in a letter
which Mr. James Lowther read to the Club, and com-
mented upon in terms which made one wonder what
the pother had been about, and why Sir George, in-
stead of resigning, should not have been elected a
Steward once more. To many an outsider it seemed
to be eminently a case which the Stewards ought to
have taken up (and, indeed, it appeared that they
were 'just a-going to begin,' as usual, when the plaguy
law interfered again and pricked them into premature
action) long before, and settled within the four corners
of the Jockey Club's own room ; for, according to
Lord Durham, the disgraceful matters which drove

z 2

840 THE JOCKEY CLUB 1835-1891

him to speak had been ' notorious ' for a long time
past, and ought not to have escaped the notice of the
Stewards. Mr. Lowther very properly declines to be
a * detective,' but the common complaint has been for
years and years (before and after Lord Derby's letter
of 1857) that the Club and its Stewards will not see
what is going on under their very eyes. To many an
outsider, again, it was evident that the accursed
betting was at the bottom of the whole wretched
affair ; and to many an outsider it occurred that the
place of a gentleman, or a nobleman, or a semi-noble-
man, who confesses to owing a considerable portion
of his annual income to systematic, scientific betting,
is not in the Jockey Club but in the Eing, whether
with or without a stool and an umbrella, and a clerk
and a slate and a white hat, whereof the brim is
turned up with blue or red. At any rate, Sir G.
Chetwynd's virtual condemnation seems to have had
no effect beyond depriving the Club of his services
and the benefit of his experience — perhaps only for a
while.

CONCLUSION

343

CHAPTEE XV

CONCLUSION

NOBODY can deny that the roll of the Jockey Club,
from its commencement to the present day, genera-
tion after generation, has been a splendid one. The
Club, as we have seen, has consisted from the very
first, to all intents and purposes, of King, Lords and
Commons (though the King, at its initiation, was
represented by a Eoyal Duke only), as if it were
modelled on the lines of the British Constitution.
Its members have been — almost to a man, one might
say — hereditary and elective legislators, versed in
public affairs, and familiar with Parliamentary pro-
ceedings, and, in very many cases, holders of the
highest offices in the realm ; not a few have been the
wits and social leaders of the day ; a great number
have won literary distinction ; and most of them have
claimed descent from families which were conspicuous,
long before the Club was so much as dreamt of, not
only in society, but in horse-breeding and horse -
racing, and all that relates to the Turf, in bygone
days and dark ages before that term had any special

344 THE JOCKEY CLUB

significance, and to which most of the famous sires
of the ' Stud Book ' (with the exception of the three
primal ' Sons of the Desert,' for reasons mentioned
already) can be traced. So far no better or more
legitimate Governors of the Turf could possibly be
desired ; and it has been shown that they themselves,
from 1753 to the present day, have kept continually
in the front rank as owners, breeders, and runners,
which makes them still more unexceptional as the
components of the governing body.

On the other hand, it cannot be denied that they
have been sinners from the first in the matter of that
betting which is, and always has been, the curse of
horse-racing. It is true that they have only followed
the traditions of their fathers, who had no idea of
horse-racing unconnected with betting ; but there was
then no organised Ring, and the members of the
Jockey Club betted — for the most part — one against
another, a comparatively unobjectionable mode of
wagering.

Certainly there were 'blacklegs,' such as Messrs.
Quick and Castle (who, about 1771-73, were ' warned
off ' certain race-courses, but not ' by order of the
Jockey Club '), Dennis O'Kelly, Dick England, and
others, to whom noblemen and gentlemen (including
the ' Culloden ' Duke of Cumberland) would con-
descend to lose their money (indeed, Mr. O'Kelly is
said to have held ' post obits ' to the amount of
20,OOOZ. from a notorious Lord Belfast), but they did

CONCLUSION 845

not as yet form a distinctly recognised body, with
enclosures set apart for them at race-meetings all
over the country, with a sort of ' Exchange ' at Hyde
Park Corner or Knightsbridge, with Clubs called after
the reigning sovereign, and that sovereign's consort,
with clerks and all the paraphernalia of a legitimate
business, with a committee composed of nobles and
gentles (mostly members of the Jockey Club), with
town councillors and churchwardens (it is said)
among their most conspicuous brethren, with the
public press to aid and abet them, and with their mystic
appellation of ' the Eing.' Besides, it was not until
the Jockey Club had been in existence for some years
that O'Kelly and England and their compeers were
in full force. So that, when the Jockey Club first
appeared upon the scene, their members may be truly
said to have conducted their betting much in the same
way in which it was conducted when, as the records
relate of the famous match between Old Merlin and
Mr. Tregonwell Frampton's unnamed horse, ' the
South-country gentlemen observed to those of the
North, that " they would bet them gold whilst gold
they had, and then they might sell their land." ' It
is true that this reckless betting resulted in the ruin
of ' several gentlemen,' and that Parliament had to
take the matter up ; but there was an absence of the
sordid appearance which is characteristic of the
modern system, when august personages whose
* ancestors came over with the Conqueror ' try (gene-

346 THE JOCKEY CLUB

rally, it must be acknowledged, in vain) to swell their
revenues by winning the money which ' the Eing ' has
collected from more or less questionable sources.

That King, which it was the bounden duty of the
Jockey Club, if they took upon themselves to be the
Fathers and Governors of the Turf, to discourage at
its first formation, and break up, as far as possible,
when once it was formed, they have encouraged,
accommodated, and even now accept as a great
convenience and a blessing. Yet what, in the opinion
of the Club, is the greatest evil on the face of the
earth? A 'tout.' And what bred the 'tout'?
Trials — the severe ones — for which a trial-horse is
sometimes borrowed. And what necessitates such
trials, which break down perhaps more great horses
(like Velocipede and many another) than the races
themselves ? Betting ; the desire to anticipate the
result of a race, and, with the knowledge supposed to
be thus acquired (supposed, be it said advisedly, for
the trial may be, and — almost as often as not — is,
illusive) to ' get the money on.' And whence comes
the money which a member of the Jockey Club wins,
if he should win ? From the Eing. And whence
does 'the money which the Eing pays come ? Partly,
no doubt, from members of the Jockey Club and
gentlemen of their class, but partly — shall we say
mostly ? — from what Lord Suffolk and Berkshire
correctly calls ' the perennial stream of the savings,
the stealings, or the superfluities of the backin'g

CONCLUSION 347

million.' A nice thing that a member of the Jockey
Club, of the Governing Body, aKoyal Prince, or a Duke,
or a Marquess, or an Earl, or a Baron, or a mere
Baronet or other Commoner of the higher and
wealthier class, should win, if he do win, the money
of his own tradesman or valet. But the winner
would probably say * num olet ? ' Such is the state
of mind engendered by betting.

To what, again, do we owe the practice of giving
to jockeys preposterous sums (of 1,000 and even ' the
whole stakes ') for winning the Derby or other great
(or even small) races? To betting, obviously; for
only the owner who wins large bets could afford to
give away thousands of pounds to his jockey for
winning. The practice has been severely condemned
over and over again by such members of the Jockey
Club as the late Lord Derby, the late Lord Glasgow
(though himself a heavy bettor), the late General
Peel, the late Admiral Eous, and other members like
them ; and yet the Club (to which many of these
injudicious donors belong) do nothing, as a body, to
stop the practice, as they very well could (so far as
their own members are concerned), by a 'rule and
order ' or an ' agreement ' of the kind already fre-
quently exhibited. The conclusion, therefore, is that
the Club on the whole approve of the practice.

To betting, again, we owe the unedifying spectacle
(such as shocked Mr. Baron Alderson, when he had
the facts of the * Running Rein ' affair before him) of

348 THE JOCKEY CLUB

1 noblemen and gentlemen associating and betting '
with * blackguards,' and, what is more, of members of
the Jockey Club acting as agents (perhaps commission
agents) for their own jockeys by 'putting on the
money ' for them, and of a member of the Jockey
Club publicly squabbling with Mr. ' Plunger ' Walton.
To betting may be traced nearly all the ' nobbling '
that has ever taken place, nearly all the trouble and
misery that have resulted from horse-racing, nearly
all the questionable proceedings recorded in the annals
of the Turf, nearly all the calumnious reports to which
the most honourable owners, trainers, and jockeys
have been subjected, and nearly all the lawsuits which
have arisen out of horse-racing. Nor is it going too
far to say that betting is the great first cause of the
ridiculously exorbitant charges, the downright robberies1,
to which everybody who follows the sport of horse-
racing, to however small an extent, is invariably ex-
posed, whether travelling by road or rail, or water or
air, whether eating or drinking, or resting or sleeping,
at the hotel or the hired house, or the * apartments
let furnished,' whether requiring a stable for his horses
or a horse or horses from a stable. As Admiral Eous
very truly said (' Horse-Racing,' p. 7) : * The owner
of a racehorse in the United Kingdom is like Cain —
the hand of every man who profits by the trade is
against him.' The argument appears to be this :
* Lightly come, lightly gone ; everybody who follows
the sport of horse-racing makes or loses money by

CONCLUSION 849

betting ; the winner, having got his money so easily,
is careless what he pays, and is ready to pay through
the nose, and to the loser the exorbitant charges are
but as another drop in the ocean.' No doubt over-
charge is the rule everywhere where any kind of
sport is a-foot, or any holiday-making is toward, so
that the very tram-cars are said to charge double
fares on Sundays and * holy ' days or holidays, and
the tolls at Putney Bridge and Hampton Court used
to be doubled in old times for whoever took an outing
on Sunday ; but for him who goes a-horse-racing or
a-horse-race-seeing, prices are multiplied from tenfold
to an hundredfold.

On the other hand, unfortunately, there is no-
gainsaying the fact that betting is the manure to-
which the present enormous crop of horse-racing and
race-horse-breeding in this and other countries is to
a very considerable extent due ; and that, without
betting, we should never have seen the establishment
of those prodigious prizes (though, of course, they are
obtained by clever alchemy from subscriptions and
profits), and those high prices which make it possible
for a few (and still comparatively only a few) owners,
runners, and breeders of the thoroughbred, such as
the late Lord Falmouth and the present Duke of
Portland (with whom Mr. H. Chaplin may be joined,
although he belongs conspicuously to the betting
persuasion), to make racing and breeding pay hand-
somely without any sort of gambling. The late Lord

350 THE JOCKEY CLUB

George Bentinck, no doubt, used to maintain that
nobody but a Croesus could afford to race without
betting ; but that noble lord, though he did a great
deal to improve the Turf, and more than any among
his brethren of the Jockey Club to augment the com-
fort and pleasure of the public at race-meetings, did
some very queer things, uttered some very unsound
doctrine, and in many respects was a very unsafe
guide, philosopher, and friend. He was very hard on
the man who lost 4,OOOL to him, and asked for time
to settle ; so that there is the less hesitation in being
hard on him (dead though he be) and saying, by a
paraphrase of his own stern remark, that ' no man
has a right to keep racehorses if he cannot pay for
them out of his own pocket.' No doubt one of the
reasons why horse-racing was called 'the sport of
kings ' was that those potentates (being then able
to tax their subjects ad libitum almost) were at the
head of the very few who could stand the expense of
horse-racing, as a rule, though of course a few ' small
men ' might occasionally light upon a horse or mare
that would be as good as a gold-mine (witness 0 'Kelly
with Eclipse, and the I'Ansons with Queen Mary).
Horse-breeding is, of course, a business, and a
legitimate profit may be expected justly from it ; but
horse-racing is not only a test, but above all a sport,
and why a man should expect to make money out of it
any more than out of any other sport or fancy, out of
yachting, or hunting, or shooting, or gardening, passes

CONCLUSION 851

comprehension. A man, therefore, who takes to
horse-racing should first calculate how much he can
afford to spend annually on his ' pertickler wanity,'
that is, how much he can afford to lose, and make his
arrangements accordingly, taking for his motto * quod
Eors . . . cumque dabit, lucro Appone,' and consider-
ing whatever he wins a sheer godsend. This may
seem to he a hard saying, but it is the only principle
on which horse-racing can be conducted with as little
as possible of that rascality which, with the curious
irony that characterises life, seems to be inseparable
from whatever appertains to the handsomest, noblest,
most useful, most honest (with rare exceptions) of
four-footed (or two-footed) animals. That a man
should have in training, as Lord George Bentinck
had, so many horses so heavily * engaged ' that their
mere forfeits and travelling expenses would amount
to twenty thousand and more pounds a year, and be
unable to pay then* cost unless he got the money out
of other people's pockets, is simply monstrous. And
this such a man could hardly hope to do, year by
year, but for his middlemen, represented by the
Eing.

Acquiescence in the existence of the Eing, even on
the part of the Legislature, appears to have become
the order of the day, as if the institution were a
necessity; and as for the Newmarket Legislature,
represented by the Jockey Club, they not only tolerate
the Eing, instead of ' warning off ' the monster, but

352 THE JOCKEY CLUB

they provide it there and allow it to be provided else-
where with accommodation. The King, moreover, is
likened very frequently to the Stock Exchange, and
the members of the former to the members of the
latter. But there is really no sort of analogy. It is
obvious that an institution like the Stock Exchange,
or the Bourse, or the Kialto, or whatever name be
given to it, is absolutely necessary for the transaction
of legitimate business between country and country
and countries and individuals, and the regrettable
* jobbing ' and speculation that become appurtenances
of it can no more be prevented than the dirt that ad-
heres to indispensable machinery ; but the legitimate
business of no country requires either betting or a
King. A model Jockey Club would refuse to sanction
any race-meeting where accommodation was provided
for a King, and would ' warn off ' all persons known
to belong to the King ; and a model Government
would support such a Jockey Club with the strong arm
of the law, would make short work of * Tatter sail's,'
and the ' Subscription Kooms ' at Newmarket, and such
clubs as are known to exist for betting purposes by
the ' quotations ' issuing from them. The newspapers,
even the most respectable of them, those that daily
lecture us upon the state of public morality, * encourage
gambling ' (as Admiral Kous truly said years ago),
and uphold the King, by publishing ' quotations ' and
by having long articles written almost entirely from
the betting point of view, and by giving ' tips ' (to

CONCLUSION 353

which if a man trusts he shall inevitably be ' broke ') ;
whereas, if they would lend their assistance (which,
of course, they will not do, from commercial con-
siderations) by ignoring ' odds ' and ' tips ' altogether,
the suppression of the monster would not be beyond
hope entirely. For it is said, though it may not be
generally known, that there was in olden times an idea
of abolishing cricket on account of the gambling to
which it gave rise ; yet, though there is no doubt some
betting on cricket-matches still, there is now no
systematic and ' quoted ' gambling connected with
that game. Nobody wants to prevent anybody from
forming an opinion and backing that opinion in the
good old English fashion by a wager in reason ; what
one would like to suppress is the * Society for the
Propagation of Gambling on Horse-Eacing ' (without
the trouble of forming an opinion, or caring for any-
thing but the nimble ninepence).

It has been conceded that without the Eing there
would be less horse-racing, less valuable prizes, less
handsome prices for thoroughbred horseflesh, and
there would perhaps be no drawing-room meetings
(like Sandown and Kempton) ; but that might not be
a matter for regret, inasmuch as there is a general
complaint of over-racing, and (as it would leave
horse-racing pretty much to those persons, hundreds
of thousands in England who delight in the * strength
of an horse ') it would render * nobblings ' and other
obstacles in the way of ascertaining which is really

A A.

854 THE JOCKEY CLUB

the best horse of a season less likely, and might
result in the production of a better class of horses
than has ever yet been seen, even in the country that
produced Flying Childers, Eclipse, Blacklock, Touch-
stone, Bay Middleton, Newminster, Stockwell, Galopin,
Barcaldine, St. Simon, and Ormonde.

We have seen that, as regards the fitness of the
Club to be the Moses of the Turf, its composition in
many — nay, in most — respects leaves nothing to be
desired. True, it has never done much for the public
(though some of its members, individually, are not
open to that reproach) until in 1875 it accomplished
the construction of a Grand Stand, and cynics do
say that even then the public might have waited
another century or so, had not a more than usually
acute member perceived how great a pecuniary ad-
vantage the Club might derive from the innovation.
However that may be, it is proverbially ungracious to
look a gift horse in the mouth.

Some thirty years ago, and even less, it was the
fashion to sneer at the small amount of * added money '
which the Club from the very first had doled out for
the encouragement of racing, even at Newmarket (to
say nothing of the other race-meetings which were
under its fostering care, but received from it no pecu-
niary nutriment whatever) ; but we have seen that it
had heavy expenses of its own, whilst it was engaged in
establishing its proprietorship of lands and tenements,
or rather tenements first and lands afterwards, on and

CONCLUSION 355

near the Heath, not to mention the salaries of the
many officials whom it had to employ. Besides, at a
very early period of its career it was as good as
a grandmother to the provincial meetings, offering
gratuitous advice and arbitration in the hour of dis-
pute and difficulty. Nor could it reasonably be
expected that the Club should supply subventions to
associations which it assisted gratis with its authority
and from which it derived no sort of emolument. As
to the Club's acceptance from time to time of
donations from private individuals (for instance, Lord
Stamford, Mr. Blenkiron, and — quite recently — Mr.
Eose), or from the town of Newmarket, or the Great
Eastern Kail way, it is all very well to urge that it is
beneath the dignity of such a body to accept con-
tributions towards a show of which the members of
the Club are to all intents and purposes the proprietors,
that the mere offer of a donation is a reflection upon
the Club, as if it were needy or niggardly or inatten-
tive to a certain class of races ; but there is another
side to the question, and that is the ungraciousness
of refusing to let enthusiasts participate in the
promotion of the good cause. At any rate, the Club
is certainly less open nowadays than it was wont to
be to the charge of illiberality. It is to be feared,
however, that credit cannot be given to the Club for
having originated the idea of an institution with
which it is now intimately connected and which has
flourished under its auspices, the excellent Bentinck

A A 2

356 THE JOCKEY CLUB

Benevolent and Provident Fund. That fund is under-
stood to have commenced with the sum of money
subscribed for a testimonial to Lord G. Bentinck on
account of his services in the detection of the ' Run-
ning Eein ' fraud, but to have been projected some
years before by that same Mr. Whyte, of the Hippo-
drome, Bayswater, who first invented or is said to
have been the first to invent the invaluable 'tan
gallop.'

Lord Suffolk and Berkshire (Badminton Library,
' Racing,' p. 55) says : ' To ordinary minds, however,
it seems that the only beneficial method by which
Parliament could exercise a control over racing would
be that of bestowing some form of incorporation on
the Jockey Club, and having thus asserted its supre-
macy, the Legislature might well leave the general
management and direction of Turf matters in the
hands of that body, which for a hundred and thirty
years has held an undisputed authority, which now
rules over many thousands of the inhabitants of the
kingdom, and whose laws and regulations, obeyed
and respected here, receive the sincere flattery of
imitation from other countries.' Here is a statement
which, as we have seen, is perfectly true on the
whole, but requires some modification ; for the autho-
rity of the Club, by its own published acknowledg-
ment, did not extend necessarily (as appears from the
case of the alteration, in 1833, from May to January
of age-taking) beyond Newmarket till within the last

CONCLUSION 857

thirty-two years, when (in 1858} the Club first as-
sumed the right to dictate the whole Eules of Kacing>
though it had previously taken the liberty of making
an alteration or addition (chiefly by way of expla-
nation) from time to time; and as lately as 1854,
when exception was made at some country race-
nieeting or race-meetings (advertised to be held
1 under the same rules and regulations as New-
market ') of one particular rule, the Club simply
* recommend to the Stewards of all races not to
allow this exception in future,' without announcing
any penalty for disobedience. ' Other countries/
moreover, have undoubtedly paid the Jockey Club the
compliment of imitating its rules in most respects (as
they could not well help doing, unless they studied to
be original and eccentric) ; but, as we have seen,
some of them have a rule diametrically opposed to
that of the Club concerning nominations and the
death of the subscriber. Add to this that the Club
itself apparently adopted the rules published by Mr.
Pond, stuck to them for about fifty years or more,
and made no notable alteration in them before 1803,
when they omitted one article ; so that the mere
argument of adoption and imitation does not carry
much weight.

Be it fully granted, however, that the Club is the
best conceivable ruling body for the Turf. Still, it
does not follow that the best thing that Parliamen t
do, either for the Club or for the public and the

358 THE JOCKEY CLUB

Turf, would be to grant it a charter of incorporation
and supremacy. An incorporated body of that kind,
entrusted by the Government with legislative autho-
rity in matters appertaining to owners, trainers,
breeders, and their numerous adherents and various
interests, could not remain, it is obvious, a private,
social Club, as it is now, when it certainly is not and
does not profess to be representative of any but a
single class. Besides, it is quite impossible that a
Government, so keenly alive as ours is supposed to be
to the evils arising from the existence of the Eing,
the ' Society for the Propagation of Gambling ' (and its
dreadful consequences), could commit by express en-
actment the charge of the Turf and all its appur-
tenances to a Club which, from its infancy, has
suffered from the curse of betting, and in these latter
days has hailed the Eing as a blessed medium for
indulging the more easily in what the law refuses
to recognise as legitimate, and the Government re-
gards as vicious. Such a Government, so acting,
would stultify itself egregiously. Let the Jockey
Club make a compact to assist the Government by
not only declining to provide an enclosure for the
Eing, but by * warning off * the members of it from
Newmarket Heath and from all other race-courses
under Jockey Club rules, by abolishing the Subscrip-
tion Eooms at Newmarket, and bypassing a rule that
no member of the Jockey Club shall bet with any
member of the Eing, either personally or by com-

CONCLUSION 359

mission, on pain of losing his membership by so
doing ; and then it will be time enough to expect
that Parliament will give to the Jockey Club the
plenary sanction it desires.

Of course the Jockey Club will not do anything of
the kind, any more than the Government will give
the public prosecutor orders to proceed against * Tat-
tersall's,' or the newspapers, the very best of them,
will drop their * quotations ' and their ' gambling
articles,' and cease to spread the 'Ringworm.' Yet
the small bettor of the public-house, or the shop, or
the lodging, or the pavement, is daily brought before
the magistrate, and not unnaturally asks, ' Why don't
you try it on with the big men ? ' Possibly the small
men cause the most actual crime, but it looks mean
to tackle them only, and, moreover, it is of little use,
as they are the most numerous, and the conviction of
them produces little effect and attracts little notice.
Kill a bishop if you wish to prevent avoidable railway
accidents ; make an example of a ' Leviathan ' if you
mean to stop the plague of public betting.

Meanwhile, there are a few more points to be con-
sidered as regards the Jockey Club. We have seen
that the members of that Club, and of the class in
society to which they belong, either bred or owned in
olden time all the horses and mares (with few ex-
ceptions in each case) from which the present splendid
and unequalled English thoroughbred is descended, sup-
plied nearly all the horse-racing that was of any account,

360 THE JOCKEY CLUB

and, in nearly every case, were the winners of the
races whereof the names have become household
words, and that it was only when the studs of such
personages were disposed of, either in consequence of
death, or retirement, or inability to win any more
wagers with certain animals, that persons belonging
to a very different class, persons with whom members
of the Jockey Club had and could have no social con-
nection, became possessed of a noted horse or mare,
the sire or dam of progeny which earned great sums
of money both in stakes and bets, and world-wide
celebrity upon the Turf. Still, there were in the very
early days one or two such persons : the Quicks and
Castles, the Wildmans, the O'Kellys, the Englands,
with more reputable contemporaries or successors,
such as Mr. Tuting, Clerk of the Course at New-
market ; Mr. Martindale, the saddler of St. James's
Street ; Mr. John Hutchinson, the ex-stable boy of
Shipton, near York ; and Mr. Tatter sail, the auctioneer
who made a fortune by Highflyer. As time went on,
the number of such persons, both reputable and dis-
reputable, grew and multiplied, until at last jockeys,
and trainers, and bookmakers, as well as men 'in
business,' of high character perhaps and of enormous
wealth, and members of Parliament to boot, but not
of sufficient culture or standing in society to be
admitted among the aristocratic members of the
Jockey Club, and, even had they been eligible in
those respects, too numerous for a Club which had

CONCLUSION 361

always been of somewhat circumscribed dimensions —
for a club — were conspicuous among the breeders as
well as owners and runners of the best horses in
England, and the names of Chifney, Eidsdale, Sadler,
Gully (ex-butcher, ex-prize-fighter, ex-publican, but
M.P.), Pedley, I'Anson, Snewing, J. Day, W. Scott,
W. Day, J. Dawson, Forth, J. Scott, Crockford (of
* fishy ' antecedents), B. Green, and a host more, some
of them men of the very highest character, but
nevertheless bookmakers, trainers, and jockeys, or
persons ' in business ' (whether in the line of hosiery,
or ' Nicholson's gin,' or iron, or carpets and furniture),
as Messrs. Theobald (breeder of Stockwell), Graham
(who * belonged to' Eegalia), Blenkiron (of Middle
Park), Merry (the 'Glasgie body '), Cartwright (owner
of the ' beautiful Ely '), and tutti quanti, were con-
stantly in the mouths of men as winners of the * clas-
sic ' races, or breeders of the horses that won them.
Meanwhile the era of Stud Companies had set in,
and they too sent forth horses conquering and to
conquer. Observing all this, certain reformers arose
with propositions, and among them, Sir Joseph Haw-
ley (himself a prominent member of the Jockey Club)
raised the question, as we have seen, whether the
time had not come for ' extending the basis ' of that
Club which ruled the Turf and nearly everything that
appertained thereto, and rendering it more represen-
tative ; and the same question has been lately raised
again by Lord Durham (another prominent member

362 THE JOCKEY CLUB

of the Jockey Club). It is a curious fact that a com-
plaint similar to that which is implied in the proposal to
' extend the basis ' of our Jockey Club has lately been
made by a French writer (Monsieur A. de Saint Albin)
concerning the ' exclusiveness ' of the French Jockey
Club (which consists of about two thousand members,
more or less). * II est tres regrettable,' we read, ' que
pour faire partie du Comite de la Societe d'Encourage-
ment, on doive necessairement faire partie du Jockey
Club,' and ' ce que je regretterai toujours, c'est que le
Comite de la Societe d'Encouragement reste ferme
pour une foule d'hommes de valeur, que leur situation
dans le monde de 1'elevage designerait tout naturelle-
ment pour avoir voix au chapitre.' What is curious
in this is that the ' Societe ' was the original foun-
dation out of which the now obstructive ' Club '
or ' Cercle ' grew ; that it was possible at first to
belong to the ' Societe ' without belonging to the
* Cercle,' but not to belong to the ' Cercle ' without
belonging to the ' Societe ' ; that the subscriptions were
kept separate ; and that it was ruled that ' tout
Membre de la Societe peut, sur sa demande, etre
admis sans ballottage a faire partie du Cercle,' in Feb-
ruary, 1836, by which time (only three years from
the foundation of the ' Societe ') it seems obvious
that nobody was likely to be elected to the ' Societe '
who would not be an eligible member of the ' Cercle.'
And, in fact, it appears that by 1838 there were but
eight members of the ' Societe ' who were not (how-

CONCLUSION 363

ever eligible they may have been) members of the
' Cercle,' namely, Baron de la Bastide, Marquis de
Marmier, Comte Edouard de Montgregon, le Chevalier
Nogent, Monsieur Couret Pleville, Marquis de Mira-
mon, Comte Max de Bethune Sully, and Major Cado-
gan. Thus, in France, a huge fashionable Club has
grown out of a horse-improving Society, and has
usurped the dominion which, there is reason to believe,
was originally intended for a very different body,
consisting of all manner of men interested in horse-
breeding and horse-racing. The reason, of course, is
that, the founders having been men of rank, station,
wealth, and fashion, and the idea of combining the
business of a company with the sociality of a club
having occurred to them, the social question prevailed
over every other, and the main object, after the first
year or two, was to keep out all that was uncongenial.
How much more must that be the case with a club
such as our Jockey Club, which seems to have been
started for the express purpose of knitting together
men of like class and pursuits, and keeping at arms'
length men of different class, though of like pursuits ?
You may 'extend the basis ' of such a Club; but, as
Lord Durham proved when he was challenged to
mention the names of eligible persons, and accepted
the challenge, you will not make it much more re-
presentative as regards variety of class. Nor is there
any reason in the world why a Club of gentlemen,
who have acquired the supreme authority in all

364 THE JOCKEY CLUB

matters relating to the sport which they pursue,
should throw open their doors to uncongenial followers
or promoters of the same sport, and be put to the in-
convenience of social incongruity. There is no just
cause or impediment why a suggestion should not be
borrowed from the original French arrangement,
whereby the ' Societe ' and business were kept sepa-
rate from the ' Cercle ' and sociality ; why there
should not be in this country a ' Turf Society ' to
which anybody might belong, and which should deal
generally with all business connected with the Turf,
and distinct from it, as a social Club, the present
Jockey Club, a certain number of whose members
should be ipso facto members of the Committee of
the Turf Society, and whose Stewards should have
the power of veto in all cases of proposals originating
with the Society. In this way the Club might pre-
serve its undoubted right to be as private and even as
exclusive as it pleases, and might keep intact its pres-
tige and authority and usefulness (which would be
seriously endangered if nothing more than a property
qualification or a prominent connection with the Turf
were considered to give Tom, Dick, or Harry a claim
to membership).

We have seen that in many respects the Jockey
Club has been, from time immemorial, the best con-
ceivable governing body for the Turf ; but we must not
forget that under its auspices many abuses have been
permitted, and even encouraged. It sanctioned for a

CONCLUSION 365

long while those yearling races which it now forbids al-
together, and which nearly everybody agrees to condemn.
It cannot be altogether exonerated from the charge of
allowing two-year-old racing (which in moderation is
good, perhaps, rather than bad) to be carried to ex-
cess, and of contributing to the multiplication of
short-distance races (which, no doubt, became more
numerous as yearling courses and two-year-old courses
grew more and more common, and of which it now
seems at last to have repented). It sanctions the
pernicious ' declaration to win ' (which can be turned
to villainous account) ; it has shut its eyes to all sorts
of scandals, until one of its own members has felt
called upon to protest ; and it has used its power of
' warning off ' too often against petty offenders, and
too seldom against notorious scoundrels. It has
done absolutely nothing to diminish the evil of gamb-
ling, but, indeed, has rather encouraged it collectively
and individually (with a few bright exceptions). It
has certainly declined to settle disputes between bet-
tors, but that was obviously rather to escape trouble,
and the necessity perhaps of having a disagreeable
duty to perform towards some of its own members,
than to express disapprobation of the practice, and
to throw obstacles in the way of it. And until it
takes for its motto ' Delenda est Corona ' (to para-
phrase Cato's famous saying), and ceases to 'give facili-
ties to the King for plying its questionable trade, it is
ridiculous to suppose that a Legislature whose chief

366 THE JOCKEY CLUB

difficulty, as regards horse-racing, is in dealing with
the curse of betting, will so far stultify itself as to
bestow upon the Jockey Club, whose members are
(some, not to say most, of them) among the greatest
offenders, the charter which is so self- complacently
claimed for it by Lord Suffolk and Berkshire.

The Club, collectively, may not have been notice-
able for a desire to promote the pleasure, comfort,
and advantage of the public ; but individually they
have many of them at different times deserved well
of the community, either by establishing race-meetings
on their property, as, for instance, the Dukes of Bich-
mond at Goodwood, the Earl of Egremont (previously)
at Petworth, the Fetherstons at Uppark, the Lambs
(Lords Melbourne) at Brocket Hall, the Brands at
the Hoo, the Earls of Eglinton at Eglinton Park,
the Earl of Wilton at Heaton Park, the Earls of
Verulam at Gorhambury, &c., or, as for instance Lord
G. Bentinck, by improving the spectacle and in-
creasing the means of enjoying it.

APPENDIX

APPENDIX

UP to the time at which the Jockey Club was established,
and for many years afterwards, the only Kules of Racing
(to be found in the records) consisted of two distinct parts,
of which one may be termed the Statute Law and the
other the Common Law. The former, in the shape of
1 An Abstract of an Act passed in the 13th year of his
Majesty's [George II. 's] reign, relating to Horse-Racing,'
and the latter, in the guise of a document copied verbatim
et literatim (but numbered, as it is not in the original),
are both inserted here, that the curious may see out of
what material the Jockey Club eventually elaborated its
present voluminous and minutely constructed code. There
were also separate articles referring to the Royal Plates
and issued under the authority of the Master of the Horse
for the time being ; but as the Plates, so far as England is
concerned, are obsolete, there is no occasion to deal with
those articles.

PART OF AN ACT PASSED IN THE 13TH YEAH OF GEOBGE II. 's
REIGN, RELATING TO HOESE-RACING.

Horses to be enter' d by the Owners. And no more than
one at a Time. — That from and after the Twenty-fourth
Day of June, one Thousand seven Hundred and Forty, no
Person or Persons whatsoever shall enter, start, or run

B B

370 THE JOCKEY CLUB

any Horse, Mare, or Gelding, for any Plate, Prize, Sum of
Money, or other Thing, unless such Horse, Mare, or Geld-
ing shall be truly and bona fide the Property of and
belonging to such Person so entering, starting, or running,
the same Horse, Mare, or Gelding, nor shall any one Per-
son enter and start more than one Horse, Mare, or Gelding,
for one and the same Plate, Prize, Sum of Money, or other
Thing ; and in Case any Person or Persons shall, after
the said Twenty-fourth Day of June, one Thousand seven
Hundred and Forty, enter, start, or run any Horse, Mare,
or Gelding, not being the Property truly and bona fide, of
such Person so entering, starting, or running the same for
any Plate, Prize, Sum of Money, or other Thing, the said
Horse, Mare, or Gelding, or the Value thereof, shall be
forfeited, to be sued for and recovered, and disposed of in
Manner as is herein after mentioned, and in Case any
Person or Persons shall enter and start, more than one
Horse, Mare, or Gelding, for one and the same Plate, Prize,
Sum of Money, or other Thing, every such Horse, Mare,
or Gelding, other than the first entered Horse, Mare, or
Gelding, or the Value thereof, shall be forfeited, to be sued
for and recovered, and disposed of in Manner as herein
after is mentioned.

On Penalty of 200Z. — Any Person that shall enter, start,
or run a Horse, Mare, or Gelding, for less Value than fifty
Pounds, forfeits the Sum of two hundred Pounds.

On Penalty of 100Z.— Every Person that shall print,
publish, advertise, or proclaim any Money or other Thing
to be run for of less Value than fifty Pounds, forfeits the
Sum of one hundred Pounds.

Races to be begun and ended in one Day. — Provided
also, that every Race that shall be hereafter run for any
Plate, Prize, or Sum of Money, be begun and ended in one
Day.

APPENDIX 371

Matches may be run at Newmarket and Black-Ham-
bleton for any sum under 501. — Horses may run for any
Sum on Newmarket Heath, in the County of Cambridge
and Suffolk, and Black-Hambleton, in the County of York,
without incurring any Penalty.

Entrance- Money to be paid to the Second-best Horse. —
And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That
from and after the Twenty-fourth day of June, one Thou-
sand seven Hundred and Forty, all and every Sum and
Sums of Money to be paid for entering of any Horse,
Mare, or Gelding, to start or run for any Plate, Prize, Sum
of Money, or other Thing, shall go and be paid to the
second-best Horse, Mare, or Gelding, which shall start or
run for such Plate, Prize, or Sum of Money, as aforesaid.

Gifts left for annual Races not to be altered. — Provided
always, That nothing herein contained shall extend, or be
construed to extend to prevent the starting or running
any Horse, Mare, or Gelding, for any Plate, Prize, or other
Thing or Things, now issuing out of, or paid for, or by
the Rents, Issues, and Profits of any Lands, Tenements,
or Hereditaments, or of or by the Interest of any Sum or
Sums of Money now chargeable with the same, or appro-
priated for that Purpose.

RULES CONCERNING RACING IN GENERAL.
(From Pond's ' Kalendar ' for 1751.)

Horses take their Age from May Day :
1760 Yards is a Mile.
240 Yards is a Distance.
Four Inches is a Hand.
Fourteen Pounds is a Stone.

1. Catch Weights is each Party to appoint any Person
to ride without weighing.

B B 2

372 THE JOCKEY CLUB

2. Give and Take Plates are fourteen Hands to carry
( ) [the weight not specified, as it varied by agreement] ;
all above or under to allow the Proportion of seven Pounds
for an inch.

3. A Whim Plate is Weight for Age and Weight for
Inches.

4. A Post Match is to insert the Age of the Horses
in the Articles, and to run any horse of that Age, with-
out declaring what Horse, till you come to the Post to
start.

5. A Handy-Cap Match is for A., B., and C. to put an
equal sum into a Hat, C. which is the Handy-Capper,
makes a match for A. and B. which when perused by
them, they put their Hands into their Pockets and draw
them out closed, then they open them together, and if both
have Money in their Hands, the Match is confirmed ; if
neither have Money it is no Match : In both Cases the
Hand- Capper draws all the Money out of the Hat ; but
if one has Money in his Hand, and the other none, then it
is no Match ; and he that has the Money in his Hand is
intitled to the Deposit in the Hat.

6. If a Match is made without the Weight being men-
tioned, each Horse must carry ten Stone.

7. If no Power is allowed in the Articles to alter the
Day of Eunning, and it should be run on another Day, the
Bets before altering are all void.

8. Where a Power is allowed in the Article for altering
the Time of Running, all Betters must conform to the
changing the Day.

9. Crossing and jostling allowed in Matches, if no
Agreement to the contrary. [Italicised for emphasis.]

10. When started, if a Rider attempts to go off, and
his Horse by taken the rest [ = by taking the rest = by
becoming restive], or any Accident should prevent it, he

APPENDIX 373

wonld be distanced though he did not pass the Post [i.e.
the starting-post].

11. The Horse that has his Head at the ending Post
first, wins the Heat.

12. Eiders must ride their Horses to the weighing Post
to weigh, and he that dismounts before or wants Weight, is
distanced.

13. Horse Plates, or Shoes not allowed in the Weight.

14. If a Eider falls from his Horse, and the Horse is
rode in by a Person, that is sufficient Weight, he will take
place the same as if it had not happened, provided he goes
back to the Place where the Eider fell [Case in point at
Melton Mowbray, August 29, 1728.]

35. Horses not intitled to start, without producing a
proper Certificate of their Age, at the Time appointed in
the Articles, except where aged Horses are included, and
in that case a junior Horse may enter without a Certificate,
provided he carries the same Weight as the aged.

16. All Betts are for the Best of the Plate, if nothing is
said to the contrary.

17. A Horse that wins the first and second Heats, wins
the Plate, but is obliged to start again if required by any
one of the other Eiders, and no Clause in the Articles
against it, and must save his Distance to intitle him to the
Plate.

18. For the best of the Plate, where there are three
Heats run, the Horse is second best that wins one.

19. For the best of the Heats, the Horse is second, that
beats the others twice out of three Times, though he doth
not win a Heat.

20. A confirmed Bet cannot be off without mutual
Consent.

21. Either of the Bettors may demand Stakes to be
made, and on Eefusal declare the Bett void.

374 THE JOCKEY CLUB

22. If a Party is absent on the Day of Sunning, a
publick Declaration of the Bett may be made on the Course,
and require if any Person will make Stakes for the absent
Party ; if no Person consents to it, the Bett may be de-
clared void.

23. Betts agreed to pay, or receive in Town, or at
any other particular Place, cannot be declared off on the
Course.

24. The Person that lays the Odds has a right to chuse
his Horse, or the Field.

25. When a Person has chose his Horse, the Field is
what starts against him, but there is no Field without one
starts with him.

26. Betts made for Pounds are paid in Guineas.

27. If Odds are laid without mentioning the Horse
before it is over, it must be determined as the Betts were
at the time of making it.

28. Betts made in running, are not determined till the
Plate is won, if that Heat is not mentioned at the Time of
Betting.

29. Betts are void for the best of the Plate, on Horses
that have run, not being qualified.

30. Betts are won and lost, for the best of the Heats, if
Horses are not qualified.

31. Where a Plate is won by two Heats, the Preference
of the Horses is determined by the Place they are in at the
second Heat.

32. Horses running on the wrong Side of the Post, and
not turning back, distanced.

33. Horses drawn before the Plate is won, are distanced.

34. Horses distanced, if their Riders cross and jostle,
when the Articles do not permit it.

35. [If a Horse wins the first Heat, and all others draw,
they are not distanced if he starts no more, but if lie starts

APPENDIX 375

again by himself, the drawn Horses are distanced.] [This
Rule was expunged by the Jockey Club in 1803.]

36. A Bett made after the Heat is over, if the Horse
betted on does not start, is no Bett.

37. When three Horses have each won a Heat, they
only must start for a fourth, and the Preference between
them will be determined by it, there being before no Dif-
ference between them.

38. No Distance in a fourth Heat.

39. Betts determined, though the Horse does not start,
when the Words absolutely, Run or Pay, or Play or Pay,
are made Use of in Betting.

Example, I bett Robinson's Bl. H. Sampson absolutely
wins the King's Plate at Newmarket next Meeting, the
Bett is lost though he does not start and win [won] tho'
he goes over the Course [by] himself.

40. Betts made, a Horse wins any Number of Plates in
a fixed Time, no Bett if he does not start for one, after he
has started for one, provided there is a Field, the Bett is
lost if he starts no more.

41. In Sweep-Stakes Match or Plate of one Heat, where
two Horses come in so near that it cannot be decided, they
two only must start again, and the Betts are determined on
the others the same as if it was won.

42. In running of Heats, if it cannot be decided which
is first, the Heat goes for nothing, and they must all start
again, except it be in the last Heat, and then it must be
between the two Horses that if either had won the Plate
would have been over, but if between two that the Plate
might not have been determined, then it is no Heat, and
the others may all start again.

43. If betted, that two Horses wins their Matches, if
the first is run, and the last not, the Betts are determined,
and the Horse that pays Forfeit is the beaten Horse, but if

376 THE JOCKEY CLUB

the first Match is not run, and the last is, then it is a void
Bett.

44. If two Persons by Agreement or casting Lot, to
chuse on two Matches, one is run and the other forfeits,
that which is run is determined, and that which forfeits is
void, they being two distinct Betts.

45. Horses that forfeit are the beaten Horses, where it
is run or pay.

46. Betts made on Horses winning any Number of
Plates that Year, remain in Force till the first Day of May.

47. Money given to have a Bett laid them, not returned,
if not run.

48. To propose a Bett, and say done first to it, the
Person that replies done to it, makes it a confirmed Bett.

49. The Party in a Match, that does not bring his Horse
to the Post at the Time specified in the Articles, the other
at the Expiration of it, may go over the Course without
him, which intitles him to the Sum, or forfeit what the
Match was made for.

50. Matches and Betts are void on the Decease of
either Party, before determined.

Such, presented in the literal form in which it origin-
ally appeared, is Mr. Pond's List of Rules. It no doubt
has concealed somewhere about it a faithful statement of
the laws which were in his day accepted by the followers
of horse-racing as a pursuit or pastime, but the interpreta-
tion of those laws is rendered somewhat difficult and un-
certain by a grammatical construction which Mr. Pond
himself would perhaps have accounted for by saying that
he was 'no scholard,' but which, nevertheless, reminds
one forcibly of the greatly admired ^Eschylus and Thu-
cydides among the ancients, as well as of the celebrated
Mrs. Gamp among more modern and more fictitious

APPENDIX 377

characters. The composition, indeed, can be highly re-
commended to school boards and school inspectors or
examiners as a specimen of English wherewith to test
the parsing capacities of their young victims as thoroughly
as those of the less humble young scholars at the public
schools are tested with choice examples of the Greek or
Latin language, as ' she ' was sometimes * wrote ' by poets
and historians who ought to have known better.

INDEX

INDEX

The initials (J. C.) mean 'member of the Jockey Club ' ; Horse include t
mare or gelding, colt or filly.

AAR

AARON (horse), 49
Abbesse de Jouarre 1' (horse), 308
Abergavenny, Lord, 179
Abingdon, Earl of (J. C.), 12, 38-
40

— Earls of, 25

Achievement (horse), 303, 308
Achmet (horse), 206

'Acton,' Mr. (Baron Lionel de

Rothschild), 270, 315
Acts, Inclosure, &c., 246, 247, 369
Addison, Right Hon. Joseph

(' Spectator '), 74
Adieu-to-the-Turf (horse), 143
' Adjudged Cases ' (by the J. C.),

251
Adkins, Mr. (convicted swindler),

321, 322

Adonis (horse), 217
jEacus, the 'infernal' judge, 116
Age (of race-horses), different

starting-points for the, 262, 253
Ailesbury, Marquess of (J. C.), 264,

281, 282

('warned off), 281, 282

Aimwell (horse), 50 ; (Mr.

Conolly's), 112
Ainderby (horse), 146
Airlie, E'arls of, 124
Ajax (horse). Sir J. Lowther's (by

Carnatic), 88
Alabaculia (h»rse), 65
Aladdin (horse), 185
Albemarle, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

283

— Earls of, 283

Alcibiades, the dog of, v. Jennings,
(Mr. 'Chillaby')

ANC

Aldby Park (Yorks), 150
Alderson, Mr. 'Baron' (on the

' Running Rein Case '), 321, 347
Aldrich, Admiral Robert D., 274
Alexander, Mr. Caledon (J. C.),

189, 265, 298
Alfred (horse), 146
Alice Hawthorne (horse), 222
Alington, Lord (J. C.), 265, 296,

308, 309

— the family of, 309
Alipes (horse), 138
All Fours (horse), 136

— Souls (Oxford), Library at, 110
Allerton (Mauleverer), (Yorks),

Duke of York's estate of, 184
Alleyne,Miss Judith (of Barbados),

121
Allix, Mr. (J. C.), 247, 265, 298

— Messrs., 247

Alteration of age-taking, 252,

253

Altisidora (horse), 304
Alvediston Stud (Mr. W. Day's),

282

Amaranthus (horse), 136, 137
Amato (horse), 205, 296
Ambrosio (horse), 223, 235
Amelia, Princess (aunt of George

the Fourth), 50
American Jockey Club, President

of (J. C.), 333
Amersham (Bucks), 300
Ampthill (Beds), 61
Ancaster, Duke of (J. C.), 12, 23,

89, 113, 125, 156

— Duchesses of, 24

— Dukes of, 24-26

382

THE JOCKEY CLUB

AND

Anderida (horse), 236
Anderson, Mr. or Capt. (Francis),
(J. C.), 12, 99, 111

- Sir Edmund (of Kildwick), 99

— Mr., M.P. (his Racecourse Bill),
336

Angelica (horse), 89
Anglesey, Marquess of (J. C.),
264, 322

— Stakes (last public race for
yearlings), 250

'Anglomania,' 174

Anne, Queen, 8, 19, 24, 203, 311

Annesley, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

-284

Annette (horse), 141
Anson, Col. and Gen. (J. C.), 265,
273, 288

- Viscount (J. C.), 286

— Lord (Commodore), 273, 286
Anspach, Margrave of, 51

— Margravine of (Lady Craven),
51, 242

Anta3us (horse), 145

Antar (horse), 297

Antelope (horse), 29

Anticipation (horse), 226, 240

Antipas (horse), 227

Antonio (horse), 259

Anvil (horse), 181, 183, 226, 239

Apella, the proverbial, credulous

Jew, 59

Aphrodite (horse), 296
Apology (horse), 162
Appleby (Yorks), 87
Apsley House, 237
Arab, decline of the, 21, 22
— (name of a horse), 193
Arabians (breed of horses),

passim; (failure of), 21, 22
Arachne (horse), 112
Archduke (horse), 220
Archibald (horse), 273
Archiduc (French horse), 324
Ardrossan (horse), 52
Argentine, family of, 309
•Argus' (a sporting writer's nom

de guerre), 3, 258, 327

AZO

Aristotle (horse), 100
Armagnac (French horse), 288
Armytage, Sir John (J. C.), 12,
71,72

— Sir George, 71
Artois, Comte d', 97, 174
Arundel (Sussex), 162
Ascham (horse), 89
Ascot (Berks), 8, 19 et seq.

— Cup, the, 268

- Races, the Father of, 19
Ashburnham, Earl (second) of

(J. C.), 12, 40, 123, 310
Aske (Yorkshire), 81
Askrigg (Yorkshire,), 101, 128
Asparagus (horse), 55
Assassin (horse), 202
Asteroid (horse), 281, 296
Astley, Sir J., 140

— Sir Jacob, 312

J. D. (J. C.), 189, 2<;<), 298,

309
Aston, Sir Willoughby (? J. C.),

172, 178

Astridge, Mr., 26
Athole, Duke of (Earl Strange),

68

Atlantic (horse), 291
Atlas (horse), 29
Atom (horse), 216
Attila (horse), 213, 273
Aubigny, Duchess d' (and of

Portsmouth), 133
Auchinlech, the Laird of (J.

Bos well), 105
Auckland, Lord (? J. C.), 172,

176

Augur (horse), 110
Augusta (horse), 203
Augustus (horse), 203
Australia (country), 253
Aventuriere (horse), 282
Aylesford, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

275, 276

Ayrshire (horse), 148, 308
Ayrton, Mrs. (breeder of E.-iy

Malton), 64, 65
Azor (horse), 279

INDEX

383

BAB

BABRAM (or Babraham), (horse),

20, 31
Baccelli (horse), (she-dancer), 107,

220

Bacchanal (horse), 53
Bacon, Lord (Verulam), 212, 213
Bagatelle (villa near Longchamps,

Paris), 273
Baird, Sir David (of Seringapa-

tam), 294
- — (J. C.), 265, 294

— Capt. E. W., 248

- Mr. Douglas (J. C.), 266, 308
Baker, Mr. (the celebrated, of

Elemore Hall), 238
Ballyglasmin Park (Gralway), 100
Bampfylde, Sir C. Warwick,

murder of (? J. C.), 172, 178

- Lady, 107

Banker (horse), 112, (another) 185
Banstead Downs, 199
Barbados, 87, 110, 121, 131
Barbary (horse), 97, 107, 174
Barcaldine (horse), 48, 354
Barcarolle (horse), 283
Barclay, Mr. H. T. (J. C.), 221,

266, 309

Barefoot (horse), 192, 304
Barforth (Yorks), 113
Barmecide (horse), 226
Barnard, Lord (J. C.), (Duke of

Cleveland), 191
Barnbow (Yorks), 83
Barne, Mr. F. (J. C.), 266, 298

— Mr. Miles, 298
Baron, The (horse), 304
' Baron's Year,' the, 269
Baronet, the « lucky' (J. C.), ».

Hawley

Barre, Colonel, 177
Barri (or Barry), Madame du,

44
Barry, Mr. J. (Smith), (J. C.), 13,

41, 68, 136
— Madame du, 44
Barrymore, Earls of (J. C.), 12,

41-44, 68, 79, 136, 154, 177,

224, 275

BEN

Bashful (horse), 121
Bastide, Baron de la, 363
Basto (horse), 29
Bath, Lord (Pulteney), 140
Batson, Mr. (senior), (J. C.),
173, 186, 222, 223, 234, 266

— (junior), (J. C.), 266
Batthyany, Count and Prince

(J. C.), 264, 268
Bay Bolton (horse), 190

— Malton (horse), 64, 65, 148,
312

- Middleton (horse), 205, 206,
278, 289, 354

— Richmond (horse), (alias
Sarpedon), 81

— Slipby (horse), 120

— Starling (horse), 120
Bayswater (hippodrome at), 249,

356

Beadsman (horse), 296
Beau, Le (horse), 29
— Brummell, 30

— Clincher (horse), 53

- Lady Di, 44, 45

Beaufort, Duke of (J. C.), 264,

306, 308, 309
Beaumont, Lords, 137
Bedford, Dukes of (J. C.), 93, 142,

172, 188-190, 212, 218, 236, 264,

281

Beechwood (Herts), 91
Beeswing (horse), 222
Belfast, an Earl of, 344
Belgians, King of the, 263
Belgrave, Lord (second Earl of

Grosvenor), (J. C.), 172, 176,

196, 282

Belle-de-Nuit (horse), 109
Bellina (horse), 55
Belmont (Cheshire), 136
Belphcebe (horse), 308
Belsay Castle (Northumberland),

89

Belville (horse), 192
Bend Or (horse), 280, 308

384

THE JOCKEY CLUB

BEN

Bendigo (horse), 221
Beningbrough (horse), 75, 96, 241
Bentinck, Lord George (J. C.), 35,

119, 193, 195, 246,265, 271-273,

285, 290, 314, 318, 332. 350, 351,

366
Edward (? J. C.), 172,

176

— Benevolent Fund, 355, 356
Berkshire, 40

Berners, Lords, 222, 243, 294
Berteux, Comte de (J. C.), 264,

268
Bertie, family of, 25

— Willoughby (fourth Earl of
Abingdon), v. Abingdon

— Mr. or Capt. (J. C.), 173, 223
Berwick (place), The Governor of,

180

Bessborough, Countess of, 29, 30
- Earl of (J. C.), 264
Bethell, Mr. William (of Kise),

130
Bethune-Sully, Comte Max de,

363
Betting (the Jockey Club and),

256, 327, 337, 344-354

— (the newspapers and), 352

— Ring, v. Ring, The

Betts, Mr. Samuel (« starter of the

horses '), 167
Bibury (Gloucestershire), 1 67

— Club, 10, 167, 182

Biggs, Mr. H. (J. C.), 266, 299
Bildeston (stud-farm), 243
Bishop Burton (Yorks), 304
Bizarre (horse), 197
Black and All Black (horse),
(Othello), 63

— Bess (horse ; Dick Turpin's),
85, 242

'Blacklegs' (ancestors of 'The
Ring'), 344

— (horse), (tlie Devonshire),
115

Blacklock (horse), 304, 354
Bladen, ^Mr. or Colonel Thomas
(? J. C.), 12, 99, 100

BOS

Bladen Stallion, the, 100
Blake, Messrs. (J. C.), 12, 78, 100,
103

— Sir Patrick (J. C.), 12, 100,
103

Bland, Sir John (the gambler),

(suicide of), 14, 130
Blankney (place), 309

— (horse), 309
Blenkiron, Mr., 327, 355, 361

— (and the Middle Park Plate),
327

Blink Bonny (horse), 290
Bloodstone (horse), 318
< — Case,' the, 318
Bloody Buttocks (horse), 113
Blucher (horse), 209
Blue Bonnet (horse), 284

— Gown (horse), 296
Blundell, Mr. W. (father-in-law to

the Duke of Ancaster), 23
Blythe, General, 71
Blunderer (horse), 53
Bohun, 114
Bolingbroke, Viscount ('Bully'),

(J. C.), 12, 14, 44, 74, 146, 159,

179

— the celebrated, 44
Bolton Hall (Yorks), 191

— Bay (horse), 190

— Dukes of (whether J. C. or
not), 129, 172, 190-192

— Lord (Mr. T. Orde-Powlett),
190

Bon Vivant (horse), 137
Bonny Black (famous mare) 36
Boothby, Mr. Scrymsher (' Prince '),
(J. C.), 12, 103, 104, 122

— Mr. Robert, 105

— Scrimshire, Mr. Thomas, 122
Bootle Sir Thomas, 149

— Wilbraham, Messrs. (Earls of
Lathom), 149

Boringdon, Lord (J. C.), 126, 181,
183, 226, 239

— (place), 226
Borlase, Sir John, 145
Boscawen, Admiral, 186

INDEX

385

Boscawen, Evelyn (Viscount Fal-
mouth), 216

— Mr. George, 103
Boston (American horse), 80
Boswell, Mr. James (J)r. Johnson's

biographer), (? J. C.), 12, 22, 23,
52, 91, 105, 106, 153, 174, 311

— ' The Cub at Newmarket,' by,
22,91, 106, 153

Bothwell (horse), 308

Bounce (horse), 36

Bourdeaux (horse), 223

Bowes, Mr. John(J. C.), ('all but '

Earl of Strathmore), 248, 249,

266, 288, 289, 299
• Bozzy ' (James Boswell, Dr. John-
son's biographer), v. Boswell,

Mr. James
Bradford, Earl of (J. C.), 264, 306

309

Bradley (Derbyshire), 121
Brand, Mr. Thomas (married

Baroness Dacre), ( J. C.), 12, 106-

108, 294, 366

— Mr. (the 'Speaker'; Lord
Hampden), 107

— Mrs. (Hon. Gertrude Roper,
Baroness Dacre), 107

' Bravo Rous ' (whence derived),

210
'Bray v. Jennings' (action for

assault), 258, 2*7
Braybrooke, Lord (J. C.), 225
Brereton, Mr. (a 'sad vulgar'),

(insolent at the J. C. rooms),

17, 154

Brewerne (Oxon), 230
Briar Root (horse), 308
Brick (French horse), 288
Bridget (horse), 199
Bridgewater, Francis third Duke

of (J. C.), 12, 26, 57, 311
« Father of Canals,' 26

— Scroop, first Duke, 26

— Treatises, 27
Brigantine (horse), 308
Brighton (Brighthelmstone), 36
Briglia (horse), 298

BUN

Brilliant (horse), 113

Briseis (horse), 236

Bristol, Bishop of, 243

Brocket Hall (Herts), 167, 312, 366

Brockton Hall (Salop), 225

Brograve, Mr. Robert ('book-
maker '), suicide of, 278

Bromley, suburban races at, 336

Bronze (horse), 40, 278

Brooke, Mr. Henry (and Lord
Pigot), 62

Brookes's Club, 14

Brother to Johnny (horse), 190

Brown, Miss (Mrs. Fetherston-
haugh), 82

— Betty (horse), 67

— Lusty (alias Bay Bolton, by
Grey Hautboy), 190, 191

— Slipby (horse), 120

— Starling (horse), 120
Browne, Mr. (ancestor of the Lords

Feversham), 114
Bruce, Lord (J. C.), 264, 281

— (horse), 289
Brutus (horse), 95
Buccaneer (horse), 310
Buckhounds, Master of the,

passim
ex-officio member of the

J. C., 327
Buckhunter (horse), (the ' Carlisle '

gelding), 47, 48
Buckingham, Dukes of, 114

— Earl of, 211
Buckstone (horse), 292
Bulkeley, Sir R. W. (J. C.), 265

322

— Capt. (J. C.), 266

Buller, Mr. Justice (? J. C.), 173

178
Bullock, Mr. Thomas (J. C.) 154

173, 223, 235
' Bully ' (Lord Bolingbroke),

(J. C.), 14, 45, 58
Bumbrusher (horse), 112
Bunbury, Sir Thomas Charles

(J. C.), 12, 45, 59, 72-78, 103,

113, 159, 181, 244, 264

C C

386

THE JOCKEY CLUB

BUN

Bunbury, Mr. H. (' H.B.,' the
caricaturist), (J. C.), 74

- Lady Sarah ,14, 72, 73, 112, 154

— Miss Annabella (Mrs. Blake),
103

Burdon, Mr., 76
Burgoyne, General, 199
Burleigh (horse), 227

- Lord (J. C.), 265
Burlington Street (Old), 165
Burlton, Mr. Philip (J. C.), 12,

108
Burrells, the 'lucky' (Lord

Gwydyr, &c.), 131
Burton, Mr., 108
Bury Hill (Newmarket), 248

— St. Edmund's (Suffolk), 90, 140,
215

— Street (St. James's), 165
Bute, Earl of, 87

Butler, Frank (jockey), 273

Butterfly (horse), 303

Buzzard (horse), 40, 73, 227

Byerley, Captain (his 'Turk,') 150

Byng, Admiral, 123

- Field-Marshal Sir J. (Earl of

Strafford), (J. C.), 172, 214, 288
— Hon. G. Stevens (Earl of

Strafford), (J. C.), 214, 266, 288
Byron, Lord, 6
Bywell (Northumberland), 115

CADE (horse), (America), 145

Cadet (horse), 108

Cadland (horse), ] 95

Cadogan, Earl (J. C.), 264, 306,

308, 309

— Major (member of the Societ6

d'Encouragement), 363
Caslia (horse), 190
Cjesar (a fox), 95 ; (horse), 286
Cassario (horse), 35, 67
Caledon, Earl of (J. C.), 264
Calendars, Kacing, 11, 161-166,

245, 253
Calthorpe, Lord (J. C.), 265, 308,

309, 328

CAR

Calvert, Mr. John (J. C.), 12, 109
Camarine (horse), 222, 223
Camballo (horse), 304
Cambridge (place), 124, 258
— the Duke of (J. C.), 263
Camden (horse), (alias Rocking-

ham), 42

Camel (horse), 224
Cam61ia (horse, bred in France),

270

Camilla (horse), 89
Campbell, Mr. or Capt. Mungo, 52
Campsall (Yorks), 220
Canezou (horse), 271, 330, 331
Canning, Viscountess, 130
Cannon-ball (horse), 204, 223
Cantator (horse), 50, 188
Cape Breton (ceded to pay the

Duke of York's debts), 185
Captain (horse), 312

— Tart (horse), 175
Cara (horse), 304
Caravan (horse), 294
Carabineer (horse), 81
Carbineer (horse), 81
Cardigan, Earls of, 282
Cardinal Beaufort (horse), 202,

239

— Puff (horse), 55, 65
' '(toast), 184

— York (horse), 39
Cardock (horse), 226
Careless (horse), 145
Carew (horse), 198
Cariboo (horse), 330, 336
Carington, the Hon. Rupert

( ex- J. C.), 266
Carleton, Sir John, 3, 4, 310

— Col. Dudley Wilmot (Lord
Dorchester), (J. C.), 266

Carlisle, (fifth) Earl of (J. C.), 12,
46, 178, 229, 264

— Gelding, the, 47, 48
Carlton Hall (Yorks), 137
Carmarthen, Lord, 194
Caroline (horse), 202

Carr House (Doncaster), 28
Carriage Match (Lord March's), 57

INDEX

387

CAR

Camck-glass (Ireland), 95
Cartouch (horse), 120, 121
Cartwright, Mr. W. S., 361
Case-Walker, Mr. T. E. (J. C.),

266, 299

Cassandro (colt), 125
Castle, Messrs Quick and (' black-
legs '), 344, 360

— Eden (Durham), 176
Castletown (Ireland), 112
Castrel (horse), 40
Catch-'em -alive (horse), 280

— (and the Cambridgeshire), 280
Catgut (horse), 1 93

Cato (horse by Regulus), 113
Catterick (Yorks), prohibition of

a horse-race at, 312
Cavendish (families of), 28

— Lord (Marquess of Harting-
ton), (J. C.), 12, 28

G. H. ( J. C.), 172, 196, 197, 209

Cawdor, Earl of (J. C.), 264, 309
Cawdry (or Cawdray), (Sussex), 19
Cawston Stud (Lord John Scott's),

293

Cecil, the Hon. William, 203, 311
Cedric (horse), 93, 204, 297
f Cell, Mr. (J. C.), 12, 109
Centaur (horse), 209
Centurion, Commodore Anson's

ship, 273

Ceres (horse), 55, 115
Cervantes (horse), 243
' Cesarewitch,' the, 268, 269, 272,

286, 321

— a very pretty, 321, 322
Champion (horse), 244
Chancery Suit (concerning the

Racing Calendar), 164
Chapeau d'Espagne (horse), 272
Chaplin, Right Hon. H. (Minister

of Agriculture), (J. C.), 266,

307-309, 349
Charibert (horse), 291
Charlemont, Earl of (J. C.), 264
Charles the Second (King), 9, 19,

47, 313

— Twelfth (horse), 240

CHI

Charlotte (Queen of George the
Third), 24, 121

— (horse). 244

— West (horse), 206
Charm (horse), 53, 192
Chartres, Due de ('EgalitS'), 172,

188

Chateau- Margaux (horse), 244
Chaworth, Mr. (killed by Lord

Byron), 6
Chedworth, Lord (J. C.), 12, 48,

49, 116, 243
Cheffreville (Normandy), (Comte

de Berteux's stud), 268
Chelmsford, Lord, 178
Cheney (or Cheny), Mr. John (and

his Calendar), 161-163
Chesterfield, Earls of (? J. C.), 14,

71, 172, 176, 197, 238

- sixth Earl of (J. C.), 186, 197,
264

— dinner to the sixth Earl of
(J. C.), 198

Chesterton Hall (Hunts), 126,

228
Chetwynd, Sir George (ex-J. C.),

265, 338-340

- Park (Salop), (the Pigotts')>
126, 228, 332

* — Durham Case,' the, 321, 338-

340
Cheveley, The Hundred of, 36,

185
Chiffney (or Chifney), Messrs.

(jockeys), 181, 240, 361
Childers, Mr. or Colonel, 28

— Flying, or Devonshire (horse),
28, 101, 197, 312, 354

Chillaby (horse), the ' mad '
Arabian, 232, 234

- King William the Third's, 232-
234

— Jennings, Mr. (J. C.), 217, 231-
234

— (Young), (horse), (v. Viscount),
234

Chippenham (horse), 315

— Park (Cambs), 315

c c 2

388

THE JOCKEY CLUB

CHO

Cholmondeley, Lord (his bet with

Sir John Lade), 219
Chorister (horse), 191
Christian, Prince (J. C.), 263
•Christie's' (St. James's Street),

244
Christopher, Island of St. (St.

Kitt's), 124
Chrysippus ('the Father of the

Porch '), 19

Chudleigh, the Hon. Miss (the
' infamous ' Duchess of Kings-
ton), 32

Chuff (horse), 56
Churchill, Lord Randolph (J. C.),

33, 265, 307-309
Cicero (the famous Roman orator),

74

Cincinnati (a h. b. American mare
in Mr. H. Savile's stud and in
the Stud Book), 302
Cincinnatus (the Roman dictator),

64

Circe (horse), 60
City Itoad (Rons, of the), 210
Clarence, Geortre, Duke of, 231
— • William, Duke of (William

IV.), (J- C.), 172, 181, 185-187
— and Avondale, Duke of (J. C.),

263

Clarendon (hotel), 7, 152, 198, 199
- Earl of (J. C.), 227, 264
Claret (horse), (alias Smart), 217
Clark, Messrs, (official 'judges ' to

the J. C.), 167

Clarke, Mrs. (joint commander-in-
chief of the British army with
the Duke of York), 184
Clearwell (horse), 286
Cleaver (horse), 143
Clementina (horse), 279
Cleopatra (horse), 148
Clergymen-horse-racers, 162
Clermont, William Fortescue (first
and last), Earl of (J. C.), 12,
30, 41, 49, 50, 53, 78, 79, 146,
174, 250
— Course (Newmarket), 50

COM

Cleveland, Dukes of, 191, 192

— Marquess and Duke of (J. C.),
172, 191, 192, 264, 331, 332

Clifden, Lord (Viscount), (J. C.),

12, 265, 290
(horse), 277

— (horse), 189, 218
Clift, Mr. W. (jockey), 221
Clio (horse), 53

Clopton, Mr. Boothby Scrymsher,

104
Closterseven (the Convention of),

Coates, Mr., 76

Cobham (horse), 310

Cobweb (horse), 193, 206

Cockfighter (horse), 220

Cockfighting (in the drawing-
room), 200

Codrington, Mr. (J. C.), 12, 110,
111, 126

- Sir W., 110

— Colonel, 110
-Mr. Bethel, 111

Coke, Mr. (owner of Hobgoblin),
150

— Lord, vii

— Lady Mary, 23
Coleraine, Earls of (J. C.), 224,

237

Coleridge, S. T. (the poet), 29
Collier (horse), 120
Collinge, Mr., 92
Colonel, The (horse by Whisker),

185, 195, 280

Colours, first adoption of adver-
tised by J. C., 157, 158
Columbine (horse), 224
Colville (of Culross), Lord (J. C.),

265, 307, 309, 310
Combe (or Coombe), Mr. Harvey

(J. C.), 266, 310
Commodore (horse), 207
Common (horse), 308
Competitor (horse, the last of the

4 Eclipses'), 197
Compton, Mr. (Henry), (J. C.), 12,

45, 111

INDEX

389

COM

Corapton Bassett (Wilts), 179
Comus (horse), 60, 174
Conductor (horse), 50, 53, 139,

146
Conflans, the Marquis de, 107, 174

— Stakes, the, 174
Connaught, the Duke of (J. C.),

263

Conolly, Hon. and Rt. Hon. Thomas
(J. C.), 12, 112

— Lady Louisa (sister of Lady
Sarah Bunbury), 112

Conqueror (horse), 188

Consternation (horse), 275

Conyngham, Marquess of (J. C.),
264, 282

- (horse), 62

Cook (or Cooke), Mr. J. P. (poi-
soned by Palmer), 322

Cookes, Mr. T. H. (J. C.), 266

Cookson, Mr. J. (J. C.), 173, 221,
223, 235

Cope, Sir Charles (of Brewerne,
Oxon), 230

Copenhagen (horse), the Duke of
Wellington's, 236

Coquette (horse), 49, 92

Coriander (horse), 223

Corinne (horse), 227

Corisande (horse), 269

Cork and Orrery, Earl of (J. C.),

264, 307, 310

' Corner,' the (Hyde Park), 7
Corporal (horse), 52
Corsair, The (horse), 286
Corsican (horse), 125
Cosby, Mr. T. (J. C.), 266, 300
Cotherstone (horse), 299
Count (horse), 217, 225
Countess (horse), 217
Couret Pleville, M., 363
Course, the Duke's, 208

— the Clermont, 208

— Dutton's, 208

Courten, Comtesse de (Mrs. Bowes),

299
Courtenay, Lord (ex-J. C.), Ill,

265, 276

CEO

Courtezan (horse), 112
Covent Garden workhouse, 163
Coventry, Earls of (J. C.), 172,
177, 264, 307

— the ' beautiful ' Countess of
(Maria Gunning), 45, 177

Coxcomb (horse), hunted at
eighteen years of age, 61

Coxe (or Cox), Mr. Richard Hip-
pisley (J. C.), 12, 112, 113

Craigmillar (horse), 300

Craven (sixth Baron), (J. C.), 12,
51

— (first Earl of), 51

— Lady (Margraviue of Anspach),
51, 242

— Messrs. (J. C.), 266, 278, 310,
337

— (sporting writer's nom de guerre)
3

— Stakes, the (Newmarket), 51,
160, 310

* — La proposition,' 337
Crawfurd, Mr. W. Stirling (J. C.),

58, 266, 300

Crawiey, Mr. Ambrose (Alderman),
4J,310

- Mr. J. S. (J. C.), 41, 266, 310
Creampot (dun horse), 91
Creeper (horse), 174, 311
Cremorne (horse), 302
Crescent (horse), 282

Cricket, 6, 301 ; (and gambling),

353

Cricketer (horse), 202
Crimea, travels in the, 241, 242
Cripple (horse), (sire of Gimcrack),

52
« Cripplegate ' (nickname of an

Earl of Barrymore), 42, 44, 154

275
Crockford, Mr. (fishmonger and

heU-keeper), 361
Crofts (or Croft), Mr. William (of

West Harling, Norfolk), (J. C.),

12, 113

— Mr. John (of Barforth, York-
shire), 113

390

THE JOCKEY CLUB

CRO

Crompton, Mr. G., 75

Cromwell, Oliver, 205

Cronie (horse), 33

Crossing and Jostling (allowed

unless barred by agreement),

251

Crucifix (horse), 272
4 Cub at Newmarket, The,' by

J. Boswell, 22, 91
Cumberland, William, Duke of

(* CuUoden '), (J. C,), 12, 18, 41,

119, 344

— Henry Frederick, Duke of
(J. C.), 12, 18, 20, 23, 30, 53,
172, 175

— Richard (the author), 176

— Stakes, 21
Curiosity (horse), 39
Gurragh, the Whip at the, 184
Currency (horse), 270

Curwen, the family of (C.'s Bay

Uarb), 150, 311
Curzon, Mr. and Sir Nathaniel

(first Baron Scarsdale), (J. C.),

12,80

— name of, 312

Cussans, Mr. (J. C.), 173, 223
Cuthbert, Captain (duel with Sir

J. Lowther), 88
Cwrw (horse), 191, 332
— Admiral Rous's story about,

191, 331, 332
Cypron (horse), (dam of King

Herod), 20
Cyprus Arabian, 36
Czarewitch, the Grand Duke

(J. C.), 263
Czarina (horse), (runs at 2 years

of age), 76

DACRE, Lord, 107

— the Baroness (Hon. Gertrude

Roper, afterwards Mrs. Brand),

107

Daadalus (horse), 55
Dainty Davy (horse), 192

DEL

Dalrymple, Mr., Col., and Gen.
(? J. C.), 173, 178

Danby Lodge (Yorks), 310

Danebury (Hants), 282

Daniel O'Rourke (horse), 299

Darley, Messrs.(and their Arabian),
150

Darlington, Earl of (J. C.), 172,
191, 331

Daru, Vicomte, 326

4 Dashington, Henry,' 128

D'Aubigny, Duchess of Ports-
mouth and, 133

Davers, Sir Charles (J. C.), 172,
215

— Sir Robert, 215

Davis, Mr. William (the original
'Leviathan' of the 'Ring'),
330

Dawson, Mr. Francis (J. C.), 173,
220, 223

— Daniel (horse-poisoner), 179

— Mr. J. (trainer), 361

Day, Mr. William, 78, 250, 282,

322, 329, 361
— Mr. John, 272, 361
Deard, Mr. (a 4 judge ' at New-
market), 166, 167
Deard's Coffee-house (Newmarket),

167
Death of a Subscriber (voidance of

nomination by), 322-326

French Rule, 322-326

German Rule, 322-326

Austro-Hungarian Rule,

322-326

- Australian Rule, 322-

326

December (horse), 322
' Declaring to win,' 331, 365
Defence (horse), 284
Defiance (horse), 224
Delamere (Wilbrahams of), v,

Wilbraham
Delancey, Colonel (American),

138

4 Delenda est Corona,' 365
Delme", Mr. (J. C.), 173, 223

INDEX

391

DEL

Delme - Radcliffe or Radclyffe

(J. C.), Mr., 107, 173, 223, 294
Delpini (he-dancer), 43

— (horse), 43, 146

' Deluge,' The (Mme. de Pompa-
dour's), 188

De Mauley, Lord (J. C.), 265

Demirep (horse), 112

Denby Grange (Yorks), 86

Denmark (horse), 124

' Derby,' The (race), the Queen and
Prince Albert at (1840), 283

— Earls of (J. C.), 67, 68, 79,
132, 172, 199, 200, 264,271, 321,
329

— the fourteenth Earl and the
J. C., 321, 347

Dervise (horse), 193

Desdemona (h. b. American mare,

in the Stud Book), 302
Despair (horse, two years old), 77
Despencer, Baroness le, 291
Destiny (horse), 301
Des Voeux, Sir H. (J. C.), 265

* Devil on Two Sticks,' the (sport-

ing writer's nom de guerre) , 3
Devon, Earl of (ex-J. C.), Ill
Devonshire, Georgiana, Duchess

of, 29

- Dukes of (J. C.), 12, 19, 28,
196

Diamond (horse), 78, 221

Dick Andrews (horse), 207

Dictator (horse), 277

Didelot (horse), 220

Dilettanti Club, The, 107

Dilly, Mr., 192

Dimple (horse), (winner of the

Whip), 20, 29

Diomed (horse), 74, 80, 244
Diophantus (horse), 102, 103, 277,

288
Ditto (horse), (won the Derby in a

' trot '), 221
Dobito, Mr. (breeder of roadsters

' up to ' 23 st.), 241
Doctor Syntax (horse), 284
Doddeshall (Bucks), 96

DUG

Doddington Hall (Gloucester)'

110
Don Cossack (horse), 227

— John (horse), 198
Doncaster (horse), 280
Donovan (horse), 221, 308
Dorchester, Countess of (James

the Second's mistress), 92

- Lord (J. C.), 3, 265, 310
Dorimant (horse), 60, 61
Dormer, Sir Cottrell, 125

— Lady (his widow), 125
Dorrimond (or Dorimond), (horse),

115, 119
Dorset, Dukes of (J. C. and others),

172, 175, 206, 207, 264
Douglas, Mr. Thomas (J. C.), 17

223, 233, 235, 266

— Hon. John, 314

— The Eev. Mr., 235
Downe, Viscountess, 130

- Viscount (J. C.), 265, 310
Downton, the Lords Feversham of,

114
Doyle, Sir F. H., Professor of

Poetry at Oxford, 59, 75, 287
Dragon (horse), 189, 218
Drake, Mr. T. T. (« Squire '), (J.C.),

266, 300

Driveler (or Driver), (horse), 121
Driver (horse), (' Ancaster '), 25

— (Little), (horse), 49
Driving-feat, 218

Drogheda, Marquess of (J. C.),
264, 311

— Lord, 311
Dromedary (horse), 224
Dromo (horse), 29
Dromore, Bishop of, 53
Drone (horse), 181, 228
Drudge (Young), (horse), 116
Drumhead (horse), (Sir J. D.

Astley's), 189, 298
Dubarry (or Dubarri), Madame,

44
Dublin, a ride up the steps of the

Bank of, 293
Duchess (horse), 115, 157

892

THE JOCKEY CLUB

DUO

Duchess (of Leven or Lieven),

(horse), 243, 295
Dudley, Earl of (J. C.), 147
Dudwick (Aberdeen), 227
Duenna (horse), 204
Duke, The (horse), 275
' Duke's Course,' the, 208
Dumplin (horse), 19
Duncombe, Mr. Thomas (ancestor

of the Earls of Feversham), 12,

113, 114, 300, 311

- Mr. Charles Slingsby, 114, 300

- Park, 114

Dundas, Sir Lawrance (or Lau-
rance), (J. C.), 12, 80, 81, 148,
290," 316

- Sir Thomas (first Baron), 81
— Mr. and Baron, 81

- (? J. C.), 173, 178, 231
Dundee (horse), 277
Dunn, Mr. Salisbury, 247
Dupplin, Lord (Viscount), (J. C.),

265
Durdans (estate), 296

- (Stakes), 269

Durham, Earls of (J. C.), 16, 248,
264, 306, 307, 311, 328, 361

Dutch Oven (horse), 291

Dutton, Mr. Balph (J. C.), 75, 173,
181, 190,223,235,236

- family of (ex-Naper), 137, 208,
236

Dutton's Course (at Newmarket),

208 '

Dux (horse), 39, 77, 116
Duxbury (Lancashire), 220

EAGER (horse), 190

' Eagle ' Tavern (City Eoad), 210

Eaglescliff (or EgglesclifE), (Yarm),

146

Earl, The (horse), 111, 275
Earl's Court (Kensington), 54
— (Lambourne), 116
Eastwood, Mr. R., 303, 304
Ebor (horse), 304
Echidna (horse), (dam of The

Baron), 304

EMB

Eclipse (horse), 20, 21, 139, 150,

187, 197, 350, 354
* — Foot,' the (trophy), 5, 186, 187,

197, 234, 300

— skeleton of, 187
Economist (horse), (sire of

Echidna), 304
Eden, Sir Robert, 176

— Right Hon. W. (Lord Auckland),
176

— Castle (Durham), 176
Edinburgh, Duke of (J. C.), 263
Edmunds bury(BurySt.Edmund's),

215

Edwards, Messrs, (jockeys), 205
Effingham, Earl of, 121
« Egalite,' Philippe (Due d'Or-

leans), 49, 172, 174, 182, 188
Egglescliff (Yarm; Yorks), v.

Eaglescliff
Egham (Surrey), 218

— (horse), 216

Eglinton, Earls of (J. C.), 12, 52,
106, 174, 264, 284, 311, 315,
366

— the Tournament at, 284
Egremont, Earl of (J. C.), 35, 69,

79, 172, 190, 201, 202, 209, 227,

239, 264, 366
' Egyptian ' (horse), The Ancaster,

v. Ancaster

Eleanor (horse), 74, 244
Election (horse), 202
Elemore Hall (Yorks), 238
Elephant (horse), 141, 142
Elis (horse), 286

— Lord Gr. Bentinck and the
backers of, 333

Elizabeth (horse; a twin), 209;

(another horse), 300
Ellesmere, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

311

Elthiron (horse), 293
Elwes, Mr. (' Miser,') 39, 40

— Mr. R. C. (J. C.), 266

Ely (horse, ' the beautiful '), 285
Emetic (horse, by Chillaby), 233,
234

INDEX

893

EMI

Emigrant (horse), 141

Emilius (horse), 227

Emma (horse), 65

Emperor, The (horse), 284

Emperor's Plate, 268, 284

Enamel (horse), 203

Enfield, Viscount (second Earl of

Stratford), (J. C.), 265, 288
Engineer (horse), 115
England, Mr. or Captain, * Dick '

('blackleg'), 344, 345, 360
Enguerrande (horse), 270
Enterprise (horse), 308
Enthusiast (horse), 308
Ephemera (horse), 202
Epsom, 167, 175, 179
— Comte de Mirabeau at, 175
Erratt, Messrs, (of Newmarket),

153, 246

Errington, Sir J. M. (J. C.), 265
Erroll, Earl of (J. C.), 264
Erskine, Lord Chancellor (? J. C.),

173, 178
Escape (horse, the Prince of

Wales's— George IV.), 75, 181,

223

Essedarius (horse), 62
Essex, Earl of, 100

— Lady (horse), 100
Esterre (Mrs.), 193
Etwall, Mr. R. (J. C.), 266
Euston (seat of the Duke of

Grafton), 30, 152

Evelyn, Sir Frederick (J. C.), 172,
216

— Mr. John (the celebrated), 9

— Sir John, 216
Everlasting (horse), 93, 190
Exeter, Marquess (second) of

(J.C.), 172, 202-204, 264, 307,

311
Exning (near Newmarket), 247,

248

Exotic (horse), 286
Expectation (horse), 207
Extempore (horse), 240
Eye (Herefordshire), 118

— Court (Herefordshire), 118

FEV

FAGNIANI, Maria (Lady Hertford),

57, 132

Fail-field (estate, Yorks), 304
Fairplay (horse), 143
Faith (horse), 55
Falmouth, Viscounts, 216

— Viscount (J. C.), 216, 265, 278,
282, 291, 305, 326, 328, 334,
349

Falstaff, Sir John, 153

Fandango (horse), 290

Fanny (horse), 112

Farewell (horse), 308

Farnham, Lord ( J. C.), 12, 50, 52,

53
Farren, Miss Ellen (actress and

Countess of Derby), 200
Favonius (horse), 269, 302
Fawconer, Mr. (Tuting and F.),

164, 165
Fawkener, Mr. (Clerk of the Privy

Council ; duel with Lord John

Townshend), 178
Fawley Court (Berks), 89, 90
Fazzoletto (horse), 271
Fearnought (horse), 145
Featherstonhaugh \ (family of),
Fetherstonhaugh V (J. C), 12, 81,
Fetherston ) L'17

Feenow (horse), 43
Fenton, Mr. William (J. C.), 12,

20, 65, 115
Fenwick, Mr. William (J. C.), 12,

115

— Sir John (very ancient racer),
116

Fermor, Miss Arabella (heroine of

Pope's 'Rape of the Lock'), 280
Ferrers, Earls, 134, 135
Festetics, Count Tasselo (J. C.),

264, 268
Fetherston, Sir H. (J. C.), 53, 172,

183, 216, 366
Fettyplace, Mr. Robert (J. C.), 12,

116

— Hon. Mrs. (Charlotte Howe), 116
Feversham, Earl of (J. C.), 115,

264, 311

394

THE JOCKEY CLUB

FEV

Feversham, Lords, 114, 300

— (of Downton), 114

Fidget (horse), 190

Fiennes, Messrs. (Lords Saye and

Sele), 293

Filho da Puta (horse), 226, 301, 312
Fille de 1'Air (horse), 268
Finches, ' the black funereal,' 275
Firebrand (horse), 272
Fire-tail (horse), (a mile in 1 min.

4| sec.), 59, 101-103
Fitzjames, Marquis de, 174
Fitzpatrick, Col. and Gen., the

accomplished Hon. Sir Kichard

(brother of Lord Ossory),

(? J. C.), 60, 173, 178
FitzKoland (horse), 296
Fitzroy, family of, 192

— Lord John (J. C.), 265
Fitzwilliam, Earl (J. C.), 66,

147, 243, 264, 312

— Messrs. (J. C.), 147, 266, 312
Flambe (horse), 116
Flatman (jockey), 284
Flayer, Mr. Charles, 62
Fleur-de-lis (horse), 183, 185
Fly (horse), 109

Flying Dutchman, The (horse),

148, 284, 290, 311

— Childers (horse), v. Childers
Foaty Island (County Clare, Ire-
land), 136

Foley, Mr. (afterwards second
Lord), (J. C.), 12, 78, 79, 101,
116, 118, 124, 137, 172, 204,
256

— Lord (third), (J. C.), 172, 204
Folkestone, Viscount (Earl of

Eadnor), (ex-J. C.), 265
Fontainebleau (Forest of), 108
Foot's Cray (Kent), 241
Fop (horse), 56
Fordham, Mr. George (the

' demon ' jockey), 299
Forester, Col. Hon. H. (J. C.), 266,

312

— (horse), 136, 141, 142
Formosa (horse), 295, 300

GAR

Fort George (Madras), 61
Fortescue, family of, v. Clermont
Forth, Mr. (trainer and jockey),

361

Fortune-hunter (horse), 107
Fox, Hon. and Kt. Hon. Charles

James (the famous), ( J. C.), 12,

79, 116-118, 124, 178, 182, 230,
279, 313, 318

— (horse), 86

— Strangways, name of, 312
Foxes, a « leash ' of (killed by a

tripartite pack of hounds), 215
Foxhall (horse, bred in America),

334
Fox-hunting, the Father of, v.

Meynell
Frampton, Mr. Tregonwell, 23, 28,

80, 148, 210, 345

Frank, the family of (of Campsall,

Yorks), 220
Frenchmen at Newmarket, 174,

175
Frenzy (horse), (dam of Phseno-

menon), 86

Friary (Lewes, Sussex), the, 219
Frith, Miss (Lady Sedley), 92
Furbisher (horse), 196
Fynes (or Fines), Messrs., v.

Fiennes

GAL AT A (horse), 203
Gallant (horse), 216
Galliard (horse), 291
Galopade (horse), 300
Galopin (horse), 268, 290, 354
Gambling (Society for the Propa-
gation of), 353, 365
Gaming Acts Discontinuance Bill,

320

Gamos (horse), 295
Gangforward (horse), 300
Gaper (horse), Lord G. Bentinck

and, 285

Gardiner, Mr. (J. C.), 12, 118
— Messrs, (of Koche Court and
Beaurepair), 118

INDEX

395

GAR

Gardner, Mr. T. (J. C.), 266

Garforth, Mr., 76

Gascoigne, Sir Thomas (J. C.) and

Mr., 12, 83-85, 96, 137, 215, 216,

223, 224

— foreign horse, the, 84
Gascoyne (Mr. Joseph), (J. C.),

83, 173, 223
Gatton (Surrey), 222
Gay, the poet, 57
Geheimniss (horse), 288
General Baudbox (horse), 175

— Peel (horse), 285
Geneva (place), 127, 276
Gentleman (horse), (' Ancaster '),

25

Gentlemen-jockeys, 319
George I. (King), 8

— II. (King), 8, 9, 18, 120, 246

— III. (King), 18, 20, 69

— IV. (King), (J. C.), 129, 172,
184, 185, 223

Gerard, Sir W. (? J. C.). 294

— Hon. W. (Lord), (J. C.). 266,
295, 312

— Sir J. (J. C.), 265, 294
Germain e, Lord George (Sackville),

207
Germany, the Crown Prince of

( J. C.), 263
Giantess (horse), 62
Gift (horse), 67
Gilling (Yorks), 313
Gimcrack (horse), 52, 55, 174
Gisburn Park (Yorks), 276
« Give-and-take ' Plates, 192, 216,

372

Gladiateur (horse), 268, 275
Gladiator (horse), 289
Glancer (horse), 26
Glasgow, Earl of (Lord Kelburne),

(J. C.), 264, 274, 284, 285, 347
Glass-house (Leeds, Yorks), 115
Glaucus (horse), 197, 198
Glenartney (horse), ('pulled', in

the Derby), 205
Glencoe (horse), (exported and a

great sire in America), 206, 302

GRA

Gloucester, City of, 133

— Duke of ( ? J. C.), 12, 21-23, 172

— Duchess of, 21, 69
Glow-worm (horse), 106
Goddard, Mr. Ambrose (J. C.), 266,

301

Godolphin, (second) Earl of, 69,
242

(his Arabian), 150

Gogmagog (Cambs), 150

Gohanna (horse), 202, 210, 220, 228

Golden Leg (horse, bay with one
leg chestnut), 209

Goldfinder (horse), 89

Goodricke, the Reverend Henry
(breeder and runner of race-
horses), 75-78, 129, 162

Goodwood, 35, 195, 314, 366

— House, 132

— Cup, a notable race for the, 185
Goose-race, a (at Newmarket), 59,

64
Gordon, Lord William (immediate

cause of the divorce of Lady

Sarah Bunbury), 73
Gorges (or Gorged, Mr. Richard

(J. C.), 12, 20, 118
Gorham, Robert de, 212

(horse), 212, 213

Gorhambury (Park), 212, 213

— (races), 212, 213, 366

Gower, Earls (J. C.), 12, 53, 271,
310

— Mr. or General or Field-Marshal
Leveson Gower (J. C.), 173, 224,
236

— stallion, the, 53, 271
Graeme, Mr., 314

Grafton, third (' Nancy Parsons ')
Duke of, 12, 13, 30, 111, 152,
192, 220, 221, 223

— fourth Duke of, 69, 172, 192, 264

— Duchess of (divorced and
married Lord Ossory), 30, 60

(Maria Waldegrave), 69

Graham (Marquess of), (J. C.),
175, 264

— Sir Bellingham, 243, 295, 312

896

THE JOCKEY CLUB

GRA

Graham, Sir Sandford (J. C.), 265,

295
Reginald (J. C.), 265, 295, 312

— Messrs, (of Yardley Stud), 295,
361

Granby, Marquess of (the famous),

(? J. C.), 36
' Grand Duke Michael' Stakes, the,

268

— Prix, institution of the, 326

— Seignior (horse), 125
Grantham (Lincolnshire), 235, 309

— (horse), 121

Granville, Earl (J. C.), 53, 54, 264,

270, 298

Grasshopper (horse), 26, 138
Great Barton (Mildenhall), 72

— Eastern Railway, 355
Green, Mr. J. E. (historian), 13

— Mr. B. ('bagman' and 'book-
maker'), 361

— Mantle (horse), 203

— Sleeve (horse), 296
Grenville, Lord (? J. C.), 172,

177

Greville, Mr. Fulke (J. C.), 12,
115, 119

— Mrs. Fulke, 119

— Mr. C. C. F. (J. C.), 119, 197,
266, 286, 311, 329-331

Grey, Sir Henry (of Howick),
(J. C.), 12, 85, 86

— Earl, 86

— Hautboy (horse), 191

— Momus (horse), 272
Grimston, Messrs. (Lords Verulam),

212

— Hon. Robert (President of
M.C.C.), 213

— De, 212

— Miss, 224

— Sir Harbottle (or ' Airbottle '),
212

Grimthorpe (Yorks), 130
Grossley, Mr. or M. (Mirabeau),

175
Grosvenor, Sir Richard (J. C.), 12,

64, 55, 315

HAM

Grosvenor, Earls of (J. C.), 12, 21,
38-40, 54, 79, 97, 196, 204, 233,
282

— General and F. M., 173, 224,
236, 266

Gubbins, Miss ' Honor ' (' virtutis

praernia '), 236
Guerchy, Comte de, 174
Guernsey, Lord (J. C.), 276
' Guesses at Truth,' 58
Guildford, Earl of (? J. C.), 172,

177

— (horse), 199

Gulley, Mr. (pugilist and book-
maker), M.P., 361
Gulnare (horse), 195
Gunning (the beautiful Misses),

27, 177

Gunpowder (horse), 62, 183
Gustavus {grey horse), 302
Gwydyr, Lord (of the ' lucky '
Burrells), 131

HABAKKUK (the Prophet), 209

Habena (horse), 281

Habit (horse), 143

Hale, Mr. William (J. C.), 173,

224

Halifax, Lords, 310
Hallett, Mr. (J. C.), 173, 224, 266
Halston (Salop), 313
Hambleton (Yorks), 76, 278
Hambletonian (horse), 75, 78, 96,

220, 221, 241, 313
Hamilton, Dukes of, 32, 200, 312
(J. C.), 12, 31, 172, 193,

200, 264, 268, 307, 312, 336

— Lady Elizabeth (Countess of
Derby), 200

— Lord Archibald (ninth Duke
of), 32, 56, 193, 312

— Duchess of, 27, 193

— Lord Spencer (J. C.), 12, 55

— Street (Park Lane), 165
Hammond, Mr. John (' weigher of

jockeys'), 167

— Mr., 129

INDEX

897

HAM

Hammond, Miss, 129
Hampden, Mr. John (the
' Patriot '), 107

— Lord (ex-' Speaker,' Mr. Brand),
107

Hampton Court, 8

Royal Stud at, 8, 212, 294

Hanger, Col. Hon. George (J. C.),

(Lord Coleraine), 154, 173, 224,

235, 237

Hannah (horse), 269
Hannibal (horse), 202
Hanoverian Kings, 8
Harbord, Hon. Mr., 211
Harcourt, Admiral, 186
Hardwicke, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

278, 307, 334
Hare, Mr. James (the ' Hare of

many friends';, (? J. C.), 173,

178

— (Bishop of Chichester), 122

— Park (Newmarket), the, 222,
305

laringbrook (Essey), 81
Harleigh (manor of), 92
Harling (West, Norfolk), 113
Harpham Lass (horse), 108
Harrington, Earl of (? J. C.), 172,

177

Harrison, Mr. John, 120
Hartington, Marquesses of (J. C.),

12, 28, 29, 264, 280, 307, 308, 312
Hartley, Mr. or Capt. Leonard, 121

— (horse), 94

- Mauduit (Hants), 94
Harvey, Rev. Mr. ('Parson'), 162
Hastings, Mr. Warren (? J. C.),
131. 173, 179

— (the last) Marquess of (J. C.),
Ill, 117, 239, 243, 256, 274, 275

— Lord (J. C.), 264, 265, 308, 312
Hautboy (Grey), (horse, sire of

Bay Bolton), 191
Hawke, Admiral (Lord), 186
Hawkesbury, Lord (? J. C.), 172,

177
Hawkins, Mr. (' warned off '), 227,

258

Hawkins, Sir Henry (Mr. Justice),

(J. C.), 180, 265, 307
Hawley, Sir Joseph (J. C.), 16,

211, 265, 281, 295, 296, 303, 328,

361

Hayford (manor of), 92
Hazlitt, Mr. (the essayist), 142
Heart of Oak (horse)," 135
Heathcote, Sir Gilbert (J. C.), 265,

269, 296
Heaton Park (Lord Wilton's),

281), 300

races at, 289, 300, 366

Heats, first abolition of, 156

— renunciation of, 156

Heber, Mr. Reginald (and his
Calendar), 163

— Bishop, 1 63

Helen (Lord John Scott's charger),
293

Hell Fire (horse), 311

' Hell-gate' (nickname of a brother
of the seventh Earl of Barry-
more), 42, 44

Helmsley (Yorks), (seat of the
Duke of Buckingham and of
the Duncombes), 114, 205

Hengrave (horse), 125

Henricus (horse), 82

Henry the Eighth (the clergy and
horse-breeding), 162

Hercules (horse), 193

Hermione (horse), 109, 199

— (Young), 109

Hermit (horse), 182, 183, 274,

308

Hernandez (horse), 288
Herod (King Herod), (horse), 20,

90, 148

Herrick, Mr., 226
Hertford, Marquess of (J. C.), 49,

264, 272

— Marchioness of (Maria
Fagniani), 57, 132

Hesperithusa (horse, h. b.), 304
Hewes, Mr , 248

Hewgill, Rev. Mr. (breeder of
Priestess), 138, 162

398

THE JOCKEY CLUB

HIG

Highflyer (horse), 45, 74, 150,

360
Highlander (horse), (14 hands

1 in.), 63
Hilton, Mr. John (official ' judge '

to the J. C.), 167

— Park (Wolverhampton), (Mr.
H. Vernon's), 241

Hippia (horse), (won the Oaks for
Baron M. de Kothschild, but ac-
cidentally omitted), 269

Hippisley, Mr. J. Coxe, 113

Hippodrome (Bayswater), 249,
356

Hippolyta (horse), 190

Hirsch, Baron, 223

'Historical Memoirs' (Lord
Waldegrave's), 68

'History of the British Turf
(Mr. Whyte's), 39

Hobbie Noble (horse), 293

Hocuspocus (horse), 207

Hogarth (painter), 74

Holcroft, Mr. Thomas (dramatist,
ex-stableboy), 141, 142

Holderness (Yorks), 130

Holland, Lord (the first, father of
C. J. Fox), 131, 132

— Lady, 112

- Kings of (J. C.), 18, 263, 267
Hollandaise (horse), 84, 125
Holmes (or Holme), Mr. (of

Carlisle), (? J. C.), 12, 119, 120
Holyhock (or Hollyhock), (horse),

121

Homily (horse), 290
' Honor virtutis prasmia ' (Miss

H. Gubbins), 236
Honywood, General Philip, 147,

298, 316

Hoo, The, Hertfordshire, 107, 366
Hoomes, Mr. or Colonel (Ameri-
can), 40
Hope (horse), (race between Hope

and Despair, 2 yrs. old), 77
Horatius (horse), 112
Horizon (horse, the first of the

« Eclipses '), 197

HYD

Hornby Grange (Northallerton),
138

Hornsea (horse), 198

Horse-racing and the Clergy,
162

Horsley Park (Hunts), 121

Horton, Mrs. (Duke of Cumber-
land's), 20, 23
— (Nancy Parsons), 20, 31, 238

Hotspur (horse, h. b.), 284

' Hotspur ' (nom de guerre), 3

Houghton (horse), 60

Houldsworth, Mr. T. (J. C.), 226,
266, 301

— Mr. J. H. (J. C.), 266, 301, 302,
312

Hove (near Brighton), 241
Howard, Hon. Bernard, 9, 47, 315

— Hon. Richard (Sec. to Queen
Charlotte), 121

— Mrs. (Countess of Suffolk), 274
Howe, Earl (J. C.), 2"64, 307, 312,

315

— Mr. H. F. (Baron Chedworth),
48

— Miss, 1 48
Charlotte, 116

— Admiral, 186

Howorth, Mr. (J. C.), 173, 224, 297
Howth, Earl of (J. C.), 264, 285
Hugh Capet (or Caput), (horse),

223
Hughes, Mr. (the circus-keeper,

owner of Chillaby), 233, 234
Hume, Mr. David (the philo-
sopher), 60

Huncamunca (horse), 112
Hunter, Sir John (the great

surgeon), 66

- Mr. J. (J. C.), 266, 302
Hurricane (horse), 291
Hurstmonceux (Sussex), 122
Hutchinson, Mr. John (of Shipton,
near York, ex-stableboy), 75-78,
95, 120, 147, 360

— Mr. (J. C.), 12, 120
Hydrophobia (death of a Duke of

Kichmond from), v. Richmond

INDEX

399

IAN

, Messrs, (trainers and

jockeys, of Malton), 139, 350

361

Ibrahim (horse), 206
Idas (horse), 211
Ilchester, Earl of ( J. C.), 264, 307,

312
Iliffe, Miss ('Mrs. Wyndham'),

201

Hiona (horse), 272, 292
Imogen (horse), 138
Imperatrix (horse), 129
Imperieuse (horse), 290
Incantator (horse), 209
In closure Acts (of George II.),

The, 246

Indicus (horse), 115
* Indifference,' Ode to or Prayer

for (by Mrs. Fulke Greville),

119

Industry (horse), 198
' Infant,' The (Col. Hanger's club),

237

Inskip, the family of (Lade), 217
Ipswich (place), 211
Irby, Mr. W. H. (J. C.), 266
Iris (horse), 271
Irish Turf Club, 184
Ixworth Abbey (Suffolk), 140
Izinson, Mr., 123

JACKSOX, Mr. John (' Jock o' Fair-
field '), (' bookmaker '), 304

Jacksonborough (S. Carolina), 145

Jamaica, 98, 139

James II., King, 174

Jannette (horse), 291

Jardine, Sir Kobert (J. C.), 266,
307

Jason (horse), 80, 88
- Young, 80

Jekyll, Mr. (celebrated « wit '),
(? J. C.), 173, 179

Jenison (or Jennison), Mr. Ralph
(J. C.), 12, 13, 120

Jenkinson, Charles, Earl of Liver-
pool, 177

JOG

Jennings, Mr. ' Chillaby ' (J. C.),
57, 111, 173, 225, 228, 231-
234

— Mr. Tom, 258
Jenny (horse), 67

— (Yorkshire), 81
Jerboa (horse), 210
Jerker (horse), 53
Jerkin (horse), 148

Jerome Park (New York race-
course), 335
Jerry (horse), 84
Jersey, Earls of, 206

— Earl of (J. C.), 204, 206, 223,
264, 297

Jerusalem (horse), 46
Jesse (author), 7

Jewison, Mr. Leonard (jockey), 147
'Jock o' Fairfield ' (Mr. J.* Jack-
son, « bookmaker '), 304
' Jockey, Receipt to make a,' 72

— Club, The, passim

threatened by the Legisla-
ture, 326
(and the « Calendar '), 161-

166, 255, 256

— (and its officials), 166, 167
members of (1751-1773), 12,

13

(1773-1835), 172, 173

(1835-1890), 263-267

first published list of, 171

(Challenge Cup of 1768), 5,

20, 30, 158

Stewards of, 259

(Plates), 4-6, 11

(rules and orders of the),

157-160, 255, 256, 318-340
Master of the Buckhounds

ex-qfficio member of, 327

(the French), 7, 362-364

President, V.-P., and

Stewards of the (J. C.), 264
• ' publication so called, 22, 230

— — * shocking examples ' of, 111,
117, 228-234, 274-280

American and Australian

(J. C.), 264, 333

400

THE JOCKEY CLUB

JOG

Jockeys, the betting among, 337

— the fees of, 337, 347
John Bull (horse), 55
Johnson, Dr. Samuel, 5, 43, 45,

105, 217

Johnstone, Sir Frederick (J. C.),
265, 308, 313

— Sir F., 294

— Mr. J. (' Pretender '), 308
Jolly Bacchus (horse), 112
Jouvence (French horse), 270
Judge Jefferies (horse), 175
Julius (horse), 274
Juniper (horse), 20, 118

' Junius ' (the famous writer), 30, 87

KALEIDOSCOPE (horse), 277
Kangaroo (horse, impostor), 275
Kaye, Sir John (? Lister), (J. C.)f
12, 86

— Very Eev. Sir Eichard, 86

- Mr. Lister (Sir John P. L.), 86
Keddlestone (Derbyshire), 80
Kelburne, Viscount (Earl of Glas-
gow), (J. C.), 265, 284

Kempton Park, 310, 333, 353

Kensal Green (cemetery), 273

Kentucky, 40

Kenyon, Lord (? J. C.), 172, 177

Kerenhappuch (horse), 219

Kesteven (Duke and Lord), 25

Kettledrum (horse), 277, 303

Kildonan (horse), 277

Kilwarlin (horse), 308

King, Rev. Mr. (' Launde '), 162

— Henry VIII. (the clergy and
horse-breeding), 162

— Herod (horse), 20, 90

— Lud (horse), 286

— Pepin (horse), 107, 174

— Tom (horse), 269
Kingcraft (horse), 291
King's Bench, Rules of the, 231

- Walden (Herts), 224
Kingsbury, suburban races at, 336
Kingsclere (Hants), 253
Kingsman, Mr. (J. C.), 173, 225

LAM

Kingston, the (' infamous ')Duchesa

of), 32, 33
— the (last) Duke of (J. C.),

12, 32, 107, 146
Kinnoul, Earls of, 277. 278
Kippax Park (Skipton, Yorks), 130
Kirkby Baber (Leicestershire), 92
Kirkleatham (Yorks), 94, 241
Kirkstall (Yorks), 295
Kitt Carr (horse), 207
Kitty (horse), 67
Klarikoff (horse), 277
Knaresborough, 178

LA FLECHE, 294

Labrador (horse), 196, 204

Ladbroke, Mr. (the banker, inti-
mate with Frederick, Duke of
York), 79

Lade, Mr. ' Counsellor,' 217

— Sir John (J. C.), 43, 82, 105,
172, 183, 189, 217-219, 230

Lady Augusta (horse), 288

— Catherine (horse), Gen. Gros-
venor's charger, 237

— Elizabeth (horse), 111, 275,
296

— Evelyn (horse), 198

— Grey (horse), 302

— of the Lake (horse), 293

— Orford (horse), 286

— Teazle (dramatic character),
200

Lagrange, Comte F. de (J. C.),

264, 268, 324, 327
Lake, Mr. Warwick (third and last

Viscount), (J. C.), 173, 224, 225

- General (Lord), 225

Lamb, Hon. J. Peniston (J. C.),
173,225

- family of, 312, 366
Lambkin, The (horse), 304

' Lambourne,' Mr. (Gen. M. Wood),
(J. C.), 305

— (Berks), 116

Lambton, Messrs. (Earls of Dur-
ham), (J. C.), v. Durham

INDEX

401

LAN

Landscape (horse), 236
Lane, Capt. Douglas (J. C.), 266,
313, 322

— Col. John (friend of Charles
II.), 313

Langham Hall (Suffolk), 100

Langton Wold (Yorks), 249, 299

Lansdowne, Marquess of (the cele-
brated Lord Shelburne), (? J. C.),
172, 177

Lapdog (horse), 202

Lardon (horse), 36

Lascelles, Viscount (J. C.), 265, 313

- Rev. Mr., 313

Lasingcroft (Yorks), 83

Launcelot (horse), 283

Lauraguais, Comte de (owner of
Gimcrack), 174

Lauzun, Due de, 174

Lawn, The (estate, Swindon,
Wilts), 301

Le Beau (horse), (the beautiful
Duchess of Devonshire's), 29

— Despencer, Baroness (Viscoun-
tess Falmouth), 291

— Marechal (horse, bred in
France), 288

— Sang (horse), 116
Leander (horse), 318

— Case, the, 318
Leaping-ruatch, Sir C. (Mr.)

Turner's, 95
Lecturer (horse), 275
Ledstone Hall (Yorks), 243
Leedes, Mr. (Yorkshire breeder),

139
Leeds, Duke of (? J. C.), 172, 175

(j. c.), 194, 264

Lees Court (Kent), 67

Leeway Ahorse), 212

Lefevre, Monsieur C. J. (of

Chamant), 287
Legard, Sir Charles (ex-J. C.),

265
Legge, Messrs. Bilson (and Lord

Stawell), 209
Legh, Mr. W. J. (J. C.), 266, 313

— Mr., 313

LON

Leicester, Earl of (Marquess
Townshend), (? J. C.), 172, 177

Leigh, Colonel, 302

Lenox (or Lennox), Lady Sarah,
72,73

Charles, first Duke of Rich-
mond, 36

— Col. and Gen. (Duke of Rich-
mond), 195

— (horse), 112

— Lord H. G. (J. C.), 265
Leominster, 118
Leonidas (horse), 53
Lepicq (horse), 220
Lethbridge, Sir W. A. (J. C.), 265,

313
Letter of Lord Derby to the J. C.,

an admonitory, 321, 339
Leviathan (horse), 38

— (of the Ring, Mr. Davis, the),
330

— a, 360

Lewes (Sussex), 219
Lexington (American horse), 80
Leybourne Grange (Kent), 295,

296

Lichfield, Earl of (J. C.), 264, 286
Lightfoot, Mr. (of Virginia, U.S.),

239
Lime Kilns, The (Newmarket),

248

Lincoln, Earl of (J. C.), 264
Lindsey, Earls of, 25, 274
Linkboy (horse), 195
Lister, family name of, 276
Little Driver (horse), 49

— Duck (French horse), 324

— Wonder (horse), 283
Liverpool, Earl of (? J. C.), 177
Livy (Roman historian), 50
Lloyd, Mr. Cynric (J. C.), 266
Locust (horse), 120
Londesborough, Lord (J. C.), 265,

291

— Lodge, 292
Londonderry, Marquess of (J. C.),

220, 264, 307, 313
Lonely (horse), 308

D D

402

THE JOCKEY CLUB

LON

Longchamps, 273

Longford, Earls of, 112

Long Witton (Northumberland),

138
Lonsdale (first Viscount), 87

— (third Viscount), 87

— Earls of (J. C.), 87, 88, 206,
264, 266, 286

Lord Clifden (horse), 277

- Lyon (horse), 280, 303
Loughborough, Lord (St. Clair-

Erskine), (? J. C.), 231, 287
Louis the XV., King, 174

- the XVI., 188

Lowther (place in Westmorland),
88

- Lord (J. C.), 172, 206, 265,
286

— Sir J. (the ' bad ' Lord Lons-
dale), (J. C.), 12, 87, 119, 206

— the Rev. Sir W., 88

— Right Hon. J. (J. C.), 266, 306,
307, 313

— Hon. Margaret, 87

- Mr. Robert (of Barbados), 87

— Col. (third Earl of Lonsdale),
(J. C.), 266, 286

Lucetta (horse), 222, 223

Luck's All (horse), 193

'Lucky Baronet,' The (Sir J,

Hawley), (J. C.), 295
' — Burrells,' The, 131
Ludgershall, borough of, 133
< Ludlow ' Year, The, 332
Lumley, Mr. R. G. (breeder of

Musjid), 296
Lupin, Monsieur A. (J. C.), 236,

266, 270, 327
Luss (horse), 223
Luttrell, Colonel, 20

— Miss (Mrs. Horton), 20
Lyme Park (Cheshire), (Messrs.

Legh, of), 313
Lymington, Viscount, 314

MACARONI (horse), 289
Macclesfield, second Earl of, 125

MAR

Macdonald (jockey), 283
Macedon, 47
Mackay, Mr. George, 62
Magic (horse), 207
Magog (horse), 83-85
Maid of Orleans (horse), 236

the Oaks (horse), 65

Maidstone, Lord (Earl of Win-

chilsea), (J. C.), 265, 292
Mainstone (horse), 272
Malton (place), a dispute at, 157
— (Bay, horse), v. Bay Malton
Maltzahn, Barons (well established

on the English Turf), 312
Mambrino (horse), 55, 84, 115,

235

Mameluke (horse), 205
Manfred (horse), 303
Manners, Lord William (J. C.),

12, 36, 37, 41, 56

- Lord George (J. C.), 253, 265

- Lord C. (J. C.), 265; family
of, 312

Mansfield, Lord (the great), (de-
cision of), 126, 228

Maple, Mr. Blundell ('Child-
wick'), 223

Marble Hill (Twickenham), Gen.
Peel's, 274

Marbury Hall (Belmont, Cheshire),
136

Marc Antony (or Mark Anthony),
(horse), 50, 139

Marcellus (horse), 192

March (and Ruglen), the Earl of
(' old Q.'), (J. C.), 12, 27, 31, 56,
58, 113, 114, 121, 126, 131, 132,
148, 310

- Earl of (J. C.), 264, 314

- Mr. John (J. C.), 13, 121
Maresfield Park (Sussex), 93
Maria (horse), 216

Fagniani (Marchioness of

Hertford), 57
Marie Antoine (horse), 33
— Antoinette, Queen, 49
Marigold (dam of Doncaster),

280

INDEX

403

Market Weighton (Yorks), 130
Marlborough, (fourth) Duke of

(J. C.), 12, 33, 309
— Henrietta, Duchess of, 33
Marlow (jockey), 284
Marmier, Marquis de, 363
Maroon (horse), (' pulled ' for the

St. Leger), 283
Marquis (horse), 141
Marske (horse), (sire of Eclipse),

18, 139
Mars ton, Mrs. Frances (afterwards

Burlton), 108
Martin, Mr. Baron (Samuel),

(J.C.), 180, 265, 272
Martindale, Mr. (saddler), 49,

150, 360
Match Book (keeper of the, at

Newmarket), 164-166
Matchem (horse), 20, 35, 115
Matches, notable, 133, 134, 238,

242

Matilda (horse), 280
Matson (Gloucestershire), 133
Mauley, de, Lord (J. C.), v. De

Mauley
4 Maxims and Characters,' by

Fulke Greville (J. C.), 119
Maynard, Lord, 31, 237
- Mr. (J. C.), 173, 225, 237, 238
Mayonnaise (horse), 300
Meaburn (horse), 192
Meath, Bishop of, 53
Medea (horse), 112
Medora (horse), 195
Melbourne, Lords, 225, 312, 366

— (horse), 139

— (place), 292

Mellish, Col. (J. C.), 54, 173, 224,

225, 238

Melton (horse), 308
Melville, Viscount (? J. C.), 178
Memnon (horse), 192, 304
Memoir (horse), 294, 308, 329
Mentmore (estate), 269

— Lass (horse), 269
Merlin (Old), (horse), 345

— Lord Lindsey's, 24

MIR

Merry, Mr. James (' Thormanby'),

55, 293, 361
- Hampton (horse), 148

— Hart (horse), 280
Messenger (horse), the 'Father

of Trotters,' 55, 115, 223, 235
Meteor (horse), 299
Metropolitan Racecourse Bill

(Mr. Anderson's), 336
Meynell, Mr. Hugo ('Father of

Fox-hunting '), (J. C.), 13, 105,

121, 133, 154, 174, 295

— Mr. Littleton Poyntz, 121
Miami (horse), 296
Michel Grove (Sussex), 93
Mickleham (Surrey), 242
Middle Park, 361

Plate, 277

Middleton, Sir William (J. C.), 12,
64, 89

— Sir John Lambert, 89

W. (the hero of Minden),

89

— (Bay), (horse), 205, 206

— (Chestnut), (horse), 205, 297

— Stony (estate, Oxon), (Lord
Jersey's), 204

Midge (horse), 89

Mildenhall (Suffolk), 72

Milford (North), (Yorks), 139

Mills, Mr. J. (J. C.), 266

Milltown, Earls of (J. C.), 264

Milner, Mr. W. M. (Sir W.), (J C.),
266

Milsington, Viscount (J. C.), 63

63

Milton, Tiscount (Earl Fitz-
william), (J. C.), 265

Minden, battle of, 89

Minos (the ' infernal ' judge),
116

Minstead Manor (Hants), 111

Minthe (horse), 304

Minting (horse), 304

Minuet (horse), 193, 220

Mira (horse), 216

Mirabeau, Comte de (Mr. Gross-
ley), 174

D L 2

404

THE JOCKEY CLUB

MIR

Miramon, Marquis de, 363
Miranda (horse), 44
Mirza (horse), 89, 119
Misfortune (horse), 40, 73
Miss Belsea (Belsay), (horse), 89
— Craven (horse), 195

- Elis (horse), 272

— Fortune (horse), 112

— Jummy (horse), 308
— Osmer (horse), 53

— Eamsden (horse), 215

— South (horse), 63

— Spindleshanks (horse), 52

— Western (horse), 77
Mixbury (Kegulus), (horse), 68
Molecatcher (horse), 92
Molyneux, Sir Francis (? J. C.),

173, 178

- Viscount (first Earl of Sefton),
(J. C.), 12, 58

Monaco, Prince of, 23
Monarque (French horse), 284
M >ncreiffe, Sir David, 309
Monmonth, James, Duke of, 9 ;

(place), 47
Monson, Mr. Lewis (first Baron

Sondes), v. Sondes

- Lord, 222

Montagu, Lord (of Cawdry) 19; (his
mares), 19

- Mr. Wortley (gambler), M.P., vii
Montalbo (or Montalba), Comtesse

de (Mrs. Bowes), 299
Monte Carlo (place), 277
Montgregon, Comte Edouard de,

363
Montrose, Dukes of (? J. C.), 172,

175, 314

- Duke of (J. C.), 264, 300
Moon, Mr. Washington, 48
Moore, Sir John (owner of King

Herod), (J. C.), 12, 63, 89, 90
Morel (horse), 31
Morion (horse), 29
Morley, Earls of, 239
Morny, Comte de (purchaser of

West Australian), 292
Moses (horse), 49 ; (another), 185

NET

Moslem (horse), 300

Mostyn. Mr. and Lord (J. C.), 55,

265, 266, 290, 292
Mouravieff (horse), 289
Mouse (Young), (horse), 197
Mulcaster, Capt., 242
Mulgrave, Earl of (J. C.), 264
Miindig (horse), 299
' Musae Anglicanse,' The, 110
Musgrave, Mr. Christopher, 310
Music (horse), 193, 220
Musjid (horte), 296
Mustachio (horse), 185
Mustard (horse), (Queen Anne's),

311, 314
Myrtle (horse), 113 ; (Mr.

Wentworth's), 115
Mytton, Mr. 'Jack' (of Halston),

313

NABOB (alias FlambS), (horse),

116

Naburn (place near York), 129
'Nsenia Britannica' (author of),

235

Nanny (Wynn), the Kev. Mr., 162
Nantwich (Cheshire), 149
Naper, Messrs, (original family

name of the Duttons, Lords

Sherborne), 208, 236
Napier, Col. (second husband of

Lady Sarah Lenox), the Hon.,

73

— Sir Charles and Sir William, 73
Narcissus (horse), 35
Nassau Stakes, the, 267
'Nat ' (Elnathan Flatman, jockey),

284

Naylor, Mr. Francis (J. C.), 13, 122
- Mr. K. C., 122, 292
Nectar (horse), 197
Nelson, Mr. John (and his

'Calendar'), 161
Netherfield (horse), 192
Netherlands, King of the, 263, 267
'Nethermost Hell,' dehnition of,

231

INDEX

405

NEV

Neva (horse), 243

Nevill, Mr. li. H. (J. C.), 26G

Neville, Mr. (Lord Braybrooke,

editor of • Pepys's Diary'),

(J. C.), 173, 225
Nevi on (highwayman, and his

I .lack mare), 85

Newbyth (Haddingtonshire), 294
Newcastle, Duke of (J. C.), 264,

274

— Dukes of, 28, 57, 67
Newcomen, Sir \V. (banker), 95

' Newgate ' (nickname of an Earl
of Barrymore), 42, 44, 275

- Market, 150
Newmarket, passim

— (meetings at), 158-160, 320

— Cottee Room, admission to the,
158

— Heath, right of 'warning off,'
194

— Rooms, the, 17, 157

— Whip, The, 9, 19

' — The Cub at ' (poem), 22, 153
Newminster (horse), 222, 354
Newport, Viscount (Earl of Brad-
ford), (J. C.), 265
Newspapers and betting, the, 352,

359
Newton (place), 313

- Gold Cup at, 313
Nicholas, the Emperor, 268
' Nicholson's Gin,' 361

Nicolls, Lady (Duchess of Ancas-

ter), 23
N icolo (or Niccolo), (horse, a twin),

209

Nightshade (horse), 202
Nike (horse), 55
Ninon de 1'Enclos, 132
' Nobbling,' 85, 319
Noble (horse), 125
Nobody (horse), 52
Nogent, le Chevalier, 363
Nominations (voidance of, by

death), 322-326
Norfolk, Duke of (? J. C.), 172,

175

OLD

Normanby, Marquess of (J. C.), 264,

311
Norris, Mr., Captain, and Admiral

(Henry), (J.C.), 13, 122, 123
North, Lord (? J. C.), 177

— Colonel, 223

— Milford (Yorks), 139
Northampton, Earls of, 111
Northey, Mr. (? J. C.), 173, 179

— Messrs., 179

Northfleet (estate), 92

Northumberland (Sir Hugh Smith-
son), Duke of (J. C.), 12, 33, 154,
243

— Countess of, 33, 34
Norton Conyers (Yorks), 295
Nottingham (horse), 218
Now or Never (horse), 120
Nuncio (horse), 226
Nunnykirk (horse), 222
Nuttall (Notts), 92
Nymphina (horse), 224, 225

• OAKS,' The (race), 199 ; (estate),

199
Oatlands (estate belonging to the

Duke of York), 93, 185, 187
Oberon (horse), 76, 96, 220, 241
Octavian (horse), 194
« Odeto Indifference,' by Mrs. Fulke

Greville, 119
Odine (horse), 108
Offley, Mr. (J. C.), 13, 122
Ofley, Mr. (very ancient ' racer '),

123, 124

Ogilvy,Mr. Charles (J.C.), 13, 123
Okehampton (place), 142
O'Kelly, Mr. (senior), (' blackleg,'

and owner of Eclipse), 33, 150,

183, 226, 238, 313, 344, 345, 350,

360

(junior), (J. C.), 173, 226, 238

(senior), on ' crossing and

jostling,' 251

Old Burlington Street, 165
— England (horse), 75; (another)

319

06

THE JOCKEY CLUB

OLD

' Old England Case,' the, 319, 322

(Old) Merlin (horse), 345

'Old Q' (last Duke of Queens-
berry), (J. C.), 31, 56-58, 310

'— Kowley' (Charles the Second),
8

— Sarum (Wilts), 100

• Old ' White's Club, vii, 143

Olive (horse), 225, 244

Oliver, Mr. Kichard (afterwards
Gascoigne), 84

- Cromwell (horse), 199
Omar (horse), 52

Onslow, Hon. Mr. ' Tommy ' (se-
cond Earl of), (? J. C.), 173, 179
Oppidan (horse), 195
Orange, Princes of (J. C.), 263, 267

- Plate, the (at Ascot), 267
Orde, Mr. T. (Powlett), 190
Orford, Earls of (J. C.), 12, 58, 59,

64, 78, 111,264,286

- Lady (horse), 286
Oriana (horse), 295
Orion (horse), 120
Orlando (horse), 273

Orleans, Due d' ('Egalite'), 108,
172, 182, 188

- (horse), 188

Ormonde (horse), 48, 148, 221,

280, 308, 354
— Marquess of, 61
Oroonoko (horse), 114
Orton, Mr. John (and his

4 Annals '), 75, 77, 148
Osborne, Mr. John (senior, trainer),

79
( )snaburgh, Prince-bishop of (Duke

of York), (J. C.), 184
Ossian (horse), 308
Ossory (Upper), Earl of (J. C.), 12,

31, 60, 61, 154

— Dowager Countess of, 143
Othello (horse), 63
Otheothea (horse), 61
Otho (horse), 49, 60
Ottley, Messrs. William (senior

and junior), (J. C.), 13, 124, 125
Oulston (horse), 222

PAR

Oxenden Street (Haymarket), 165
Oxford (Corporation of), 40
— (races at), 40
Oxton Hall (Yorks), 243
Oxygen (horse), 193

PADWICK (or Padwicke), Mr.

(usurer), 242, 275, 277
Paget, Mr. G. E. (J. C.), 266, 307,

314
Paine, Mr. ' Tom ' (the notorious),

188

Pall Mall, 6

Palmer, W. (the poisoner), 322
Palmerston, Lord (J. C.), 265, 272,

320

Pan (horse), 221, 222
Pantaloon (horse), 139
Panton, Mr. Thomas (junior), (J.C.),

13, 24, 75, 79, 119, 125, 131, 181,

183, 250
— Miss Mary (Duchess of Ancas-

ter),23,125
Papist (horse), 135
Paragon (horse), 138
Parasol (horse), 31, 221, 223
Parisot (horse), 220

— (she-dancer), 220
Park Hill (Doncaster), 63
Parker, Col. and Gen. Hon. George

Lane (J. C.), 13, 125

— Mr. (Lord Boringdon), (J. C.),
126, 173, 181, 183, 226, 239

Parlington (Yorks), 83, 137

— (horse), 137
Parmesan (horse), 302

Parrot, a (that whistles the 104th

Psalm), 238
Parsons, Nancy (Mrs. Horton), 13,

31, 237

— Mr. Henry, 108

— Mr. Humphry (Alderman),
108

Parthian (horse, two years old) 78
Partisan (horse), 222
Partner (horse), (Mr. Grisewood's).
63

INDEX

407

PA3

Pastille (horse), 193

Patrician (horse), 174

Patron (horse), 203

Patshull (near Wolverhampton),

61, 62
' Pavo ' (sporting writer's nom de

guerre), 3

Paymaster (horse), 45, 65, 138
Payne, Messrs., 135
- (J. C.), 266, 279
Pearson, General (J. C.), 266, 303,

306, 307, 314

— Mr. Anthony, 314

Pedley, Mr. (' book-maker ' ; son-
in-law of Gully), 361

Peel, Col. and Gen. (J. C.), 214,
266, 273, 347

— (General), (horse), 285
Peirson, Sir Matthew, 190
Pelham, Miss (and « Old Q.'), 27,

28, 57

— « Tommy,' 123
Pelisse (horse), 31, 224
Pelter (horse), 219
Pemberton, Mr. C , 247
Pembroke College (Cambridge),

247

Penelope (horse), 31 , 193
Pennington, Sir Joseph, 87

— Miss Catherine, 87
Penrhyn, Lord (J. C.), 265, 314
Pepys, Samuel, 9

Percy, Lady Elizabeth, 33
Perdita (horse), (dam of the Yellow

Mare), 86, 220
Perion (horse), 241
Pero (horse), 33

— Gomez (horse), 296
Peter (horse), 274

— (nickname of Lord Glasgow),
274, 285

< — Pindar' (Dr. Walcot),

88
Petit Gris (French horse), (Due

d'Orleans's), 188
Petrarch (horse), 277
Petre, Hon. Mr. Edward (J. C.),

266, 280

PIQ

Petre, Mr. (and the ' Eape of the

Lock '), 280
Petronel (horse), 308
Petruchio (horse), 223
Pet worth (seat of Lord Egremont),

35, 202

— races at, 35, 202, 366
Phenomenon (horse), 86, 87
Phantom (horse), 93, 204, 205,

224, 297

Phillimore, Mr. W. R. (J. C.), 266
Phillips, Mr. (horse-buyer for the

Duke of Northumberland), 34
Phosphorus (horse), 243, 294
Phryne (horse), 293
Piccadilly (horse), 226

— (Street), the gentleman who
owned, 303

Pick, Mr. William (and his ' Regis-
ter '), 314 (and elsewhere)
Pickwick Club, 10
Pic-nic (mare), 195
Pigot, Admiral (? J. C.). 173, 179
Sir Hugh, 62

— General Sir Robert, 62

- Lord, 12, 61, 179

— Sir George, 61, 62
Robert, 62

Pigott, Mr. Robert (senior), (of
Chetwynd), 126, 228

(junior), (of Chetwynd),

(J. C.), 13, 110, 126, 127,
228

Charles (' Louse '), (of Chet-
wynd), (J. C.),60, 111, 127, 173,
226, 228-231

— Rev. W., 228, 229

— • Black ' (of Chetwynd), 127,
229

- Mr. W. (of Doddeshall), 96
Pilgrimage (horse), 206
Pincher (horse), 124

Pindar (the famous Greek poet),

287

Pindarrie (horse), 193
Piper (horse), 60
Pique (Admiral Rous's ship), 210,

274

408

THE JOCKEY CLUB

PIT

Pitt, Eight Hon. W. (? J. C.), 87,

173, 179, 231

Place, Mr. (Cromwell's stud-
master), 205
Plaisanterie (French horse), 334,

337

Plantagenet (horse), 224
Plasto (horse), 29
Platina (horse), 202
Pleader (horse), 88
Plenipotentiary (horse), 186, 235
Pleville, Monsieur Couret, 363
Plunder (horse), 108
Poisoning (of horses), 179
Poland, King of (bids 2,000 gs. for

the famous sire (King) Herod),

90
Pole Star (horse), (property of the

murdered Mr. Cooke), 322
' Political Dictionary,' Mr. C.

Pigott's, 230, 231
Poltimore, Lords (Bampfylde), 107,

178

Pompadour, Madame de, 97, 188
Pond, Mr. John (and his Calendar),

5, 127, 134, 156, 163, 253, 254,

309, 357, and v. Appendix

— Miss (and her match), 5

- Mrs. 163
Pontac (horse), 81

Poole, Sir Ferdinando (J. C.), 173,
219, 220, 224

— Sir Henry, 219

— the Rev. Sir Henry, 220

- (estate, Wirrall, Cheshire), 219
Pope, Alexander (the poet), 114

— (horse), 31, 220 (called < Waxy '
P. to distinguish him from P.
by Shuttle)

Poppet (horse), (brother to Chuff),

56

' Porch,' the Father of the, 19
Porter, Mr. John (trainer), 253

— on taking the age of racehorses,
253

Portia (horse), 190

Portius (horse, by Cato), 124, 125

Portland, Duchess of, 130

PUL

Portland, Dukes of (J. C.), 172,

176, 194, 221, 246, 264,271, 306,

307, 311, 314, 329, 349
— Duke of v. Hawkins, 258
Portmore, Earl of (J. C.), 12, 62,

63
Portsmouth, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

310, 314, 316

— Duchess of (de la Querou-
aille), 132, 133

PotSos (famous horse), 38, 55, 145

Powers, Mr. (American), 26

Powerscourt, Lord, 207

Powlett, Lord W. (J. C.), 265,
292, 322

Pratt, Mr. John (of Askrigg),
(J. C.), 13, 101, 128-130, 146

Precarious (horse ; first-recorded
two-year-old runner at New-
market), 78

Premier (horse), 53

Preston, Mr., breeder of Sampson,
64, 65

Pretender (horse), 308

Priam (horse), 186, 198

Price, ' Charley,' 140

Priestess (horse), 138, 162

Prince Charlie (horse), 101

— Leopold (horse), 185
Princess, The (horse), 273
Privateer (horse), 157
Prize (horse), 216
Problem (horse), 193
Professor, The (horse), 300
Propagation of Gambling, Society

for the, 353, 358

— of the Gospel, Society for the,
140

Property of the J. C. at Newmarket,

246-248

Proserpine (horse), 82
Prospero (horse), 119
Protest (by the stewards of J. C.

against a reported decision of

a J. C. committee), 254
Prunella (horse), 31, 193
Pulteney, William (Earl of Bath),

140

INDEX

409

PUM

Pumpkin (horse), (a mile in four
and a half minutes I I ), 101-103

Punch (horse, imported into
America), 26

Pussy (horse), 300

Pyrrhus (horse), 118, 124, 139

QUEEN ANNE, v. Anne

— Bertha (horse), 291

— Charlotte, v. Charlotte

— Mab (the famous brood mare),
313

— Marie Antoinette, v. Marie
Antoinette

— Mary (famous brood mare),
139, 350

— of Trumps (horse), (her
peculiarity), 292

— Victoria (and horse -racing), v.
Victoria

Queensberry (last Duke of, 'Old
Q.'), (J. C.), 12, 27, 31, 56, 68,
113, 121, 126,131, 148,232

Querouaille, Madame de la
(Duchess of Portsmouth), 132

' Qui tarn ' actions, 320

Quick (and Castle), Messrs.
(' blacklegs '), 344, 360

Quick-sand (horse), 215

Quits (horse), 300

Quiz (horse), 220, 223

1 Quorn,' The, 122

Quorndon Hall, 122

RABY, Lord (Duke of Cleveland),
(J. C.), 191

— (horse), 192

— (place), 191

Racecourse Bill (Mr. Anderson's

Metropolitan), 336
'Racehorse in Training,' Mr. \V.

Day's, 78, 329

Radcliffe (Delm6), Mr., 183, 186
Ragamuffin (horse), 136
Raglan, Lord, 280
Ralph (horse), (poisoned), 283, 284

RID

Rama (h^rse), 280

' Rape of the Lock ' (Pope's), 280

Ratan (horse), 318

— Case, the, 318
Ratoni (horse), 227

Read, Mr. ( ? Wilberforce), (J. C.),
13, 130

Rudston, 272

'Receipt to make a Jockey,' 72,
146, 188

'Reciprocity' (from France), de-
mand for, 278, 282, 288, 334

1 Red Lion,' The (tavern at New-
market), 153

Square (Holborn), 188

Red-deer, a four-in-hand of, 59

Redrose (horse), 1 1 4

Reform Bill, the (effect of), 222

Refraction (horse), 195

Regalia (horse), 295, 361

Reginald (horse), 193

Regulus (horse), 48, 49, 120, 150

Remembrancer (horse), 331

Remus (horse), 95, 289

Rendlesham, Lord (J. C.), 265,
314

Repeal of racing statutes, 320

Repulse (horse), 275

Restitution (horse), 269

Reve d'Or (horse), 308

Reveller (horse), 222

Rhadamanthus (horse), 55

— the ' infernal ' judge, 116
Rhoda (horse), 195
Ribblesdale, Lord (suicide of),

(J. C.), 265, 276
Richmond, Dukes of, 35, 36, 194,

211, 366
(j. c.), 12, 35, 172, 194, 211,

246, 264, 307, 314, 315, 320

— Bay, 81

— (horse), 112

— (Yorks), (Gold Cup won five
years running), 192

Riddle (horse), 97
Riddlesworth (horse), 206, 240

— (place), 226, 240
Ridicule (horse), 226

410

THE JOCKEY CLUB

RID

Riding in with the leading horses,

318
Ridsdale, Mr. ('bookmaker'), 241,

361
' Ring,' The, 306, 345-347, 351-353,

358

— attempt of a noble lord to
' do,' v. Cwrw (horse)

' Ringworm,' The, 359

Ripponden (Yorks), 302

Risby (Suffolk), (or ? near Beverley,

Yorks), 146

Rise (in Holderness, Yorks), 130
Robert de Gorham (man), 212

— (horse), 212

Roberts, Mr. W. A. (J. C.), 266
Robin Hood (horse), (by Wild
Dayrell), 298

(by North Lincoln), 298

Robinson, Mr. (' Judge to the
J. C.'), 167

— (owner of the famous Samp-
son), 64

— Rt. Hon. John (Sec. to the
Treasury), (? J. C.), 173, 179

- Sir Hercules (J. C.), 265, 307
Rockingham, Marquess of (J. C.),

12, 59, 63, 65, 69, 89, 95, 227,

243, 312
sister of, 65, 66

— (horse), 42, 147; (another),
304

' Rolliad,' The, 175

Romeo (horse), 135

Roper, Hon. Gertrude (Baroness

Dacre), 107
Rosaletta (horse), 136
Rose, Mr. C. D. (J. C.), 266, 355
Rosebery, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

296, 307, 315

— Hannah, Countess of, 269
Rosebud (horse), 115
Rosicrucian (horse), 296
Rosslyn, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

287

(son of the former), 147

Rothschild, Baron Meyer (J. C.),

264, 269, 315

RUS

Rothschild, Baron Lionel, 270, 31

— Miss (Hannah, Countess of Rose-
bery), 269

- Mr. Leopold (J. C.), 266
Rouge (horse), (bred in France),

108, 188

Rougham (Suffolk), 215
Rous, Lord (Sir John), (J. C.), v.

Strad broke
- Admiral (J. C.), 9, 173, 186,

226, and passim
continuous re-election of , 326

— Major, 210

— Mr. (of the ' Eagle ' Tavern),
210

' — Bravo ! ' (whence derived),
210

Rowena (horse), 193

Rowton (horse), 280

Royal College of Veterinary Sur-
geons, 188

— Hunt Cup (Ascot), 303, 321

— mares, 19

— Stud (Hampton Court), 186
Royston, Viscount (Earl of Hard-

wicke), (J. C.), 265
Rubens (horse), 40, 226
Ruffler (horse), 120
Rufford Abbey (Notts), 302
Rugeley (Staffs), 322
Ruler (horse), 130
Rules and Orders of the J. C.,

157-160, 256, 318-340

— Concerning Horse-racing,
156, 254-256, 318-340, and v.
Appendix

Run (of more than fifty miles after

a fox), 95
' Running Rein ' (horse), (the

notorious case), 259, 318, 347,

356
Rupee (horse), 288

• Rupert of Debate,' The (J. C.),

271
Rush, Mr. George (J. C.), 173, 226,

266
Rushout, Sir Charles (J. C.), 265,

314

INDEX

411

RUS

Russia, Empress of, 59

Russias, Emperor of all the (J. C.),

263

Rutland, Dukes of, 36, 37, 56, 69
(J. C.), 36, 37, 172, 185, 195,

264
Ryshworth (Yorks), 302

SABLONS (France), the plain of,

97

Saccharometer (horse), 289
Sackville, Viscounts (J. C.), 172,

206, 207

— Lord George, 207
Sadler, Mr. (ex-ostler), 361
Sagitta (horse), 271
Sailor (horse), 240, 241

St. Albans, Duke of (J. C.), 264,
307, 315

(horse), 282

(place), 212

— Albin, Monsieur A. de, 362

— Blaise (horse), 308

— Christopher, island of (St.
Kitt's), 124

— Donat's (Glamorganshire), 301

— George (horse), 191, 206, 226,
227

— George's Fields, 233
- Giles (horse), 241

— John, Colonel, 100

Hon. John (? J. C.), (a ' maca-
roni ' and author), 173, 179

— Lawrence (horse, and name of
the Earls of Howth), 285

— Leger, Colonel, 63
(race), 63, 125

— Marguerite (horse), 300

— Patrick (horse), 112, 222

— Peter's (Isle of Thanet), 103

— Quintin, Sir. W., 20

— Simon (horse), 48, 268

— Vincent, Lord (Viscount), (J.C.),
265, 276, 277

Salisbury, race for Silver Bowl at,
116

— Lord, 138

SCR

Salisbury, Countess of (beheaded),

231

Sally (horse), 122
Salterley Common, 47
Saltram (horse), (so-called from

the seat of the Earls of Morley,

Devon), 226, 239
Sam (horse), 240, 241
Sampson (horse), (15 hands, 2 in.),

64,65

Sancho (horse), 239
Sanderson, the Rev. T., 92
Sandown Park, 333, 353
Sarpedon (horse), 81
Satirist (horse), 283
Saturn (horse), 61
Saucebox (horse), 286
Savernake (horse), 282
Savile, Mr. H. (J. C.), 266, 302
Saye and Sele, Lord (J. C.), 265,

293

Scales, tampering with the, 280
Scaramouch (horse), 33
Scarf (horse), 63
Scarsdale (Lord, first Baron),(J. C.),

80
Scipio (Roman general), 50

— (and tooth-picks), 50

— (horse), 50, 89
Scotia (horse), 146

Scott, Mr. (? Capt., Major, Col.,
and Gen.), (J. C.), 13, 58, 130,
131

— the three Misses (Duchess of
Portland, Viscountess Downe,
and Viscountess Canning), 130,
131

— Lord J. (J. C.), 265, 293

— Mr. J. (trainer), 248, 249, 272,
291, 299, 310, 361

— Mrs., 291

— Mr. W. (jockey), 361
Scottish Queen (horse), 308
Scrimsher "|

Scrymsher I Mr. Boothby, 13,
Scrymshire f 104, 134, 135
Skrymsher J
Scriven (Yorks), 114

412

THE JOCKEY CLUB

sou

Scud (horse), 240
Seabreeze (horse), 308
Sebright, Sir Thomas Saunders
(J. 0.), 12, 91

— Lieut.-Gen. Sir John S. (? J. C.),
91

Sedley (or Sidley), Sir Charles

(J. C.), 12, 91-93
See-saw (horse), 289
Sefton, Earls of (J. C.), 58, 122,

303

— (horse), 58, 300

— House (Newmarket), 58, 300
Selim (horse), 40

Selima (horse), 61
Selwyn, Mr. George (the wit), 7,
13, 14, 57, 117, 131-1 33, 201, 229
Semolina (horse), 308, 329
Senlis (horse), 41
Seringapatam (siege of), 294
Sevastopol (fortress), 268
Seymour, Lady Elizabeth, 33

— Capt. H. (J. C.), 266

— Lord Henry, 272

— Sir Hamilton, 268

Shafto, Messrs., or Capts. J. and K.
(J. C.), 13, 89, 111, 132-134,
141, 159, 215

— Mr. J. (matches), 133, 134
Shakespeare, William, 212, 239,

240
Shakspear, Mr. Arthur (J. C.),

173, 226, 239
Shardeloes (Amersham, Bucks),

300

Shark (horse), 127, 229, 230
Sheerness, curious horse-wager at,

186
Shelburne, Lord (Lansdowne),

(? J. C.), 177
Shelley, Sir John (fifth Baronet),

(J. C.), 12,98, 190

— (sixth Baronet), (J. C.),

93, 204, 224, 265, 297
(seventh Baronet), (J. C.),

265, 266, 297
Sherborne, Lord (J. C.), 137, 172,

208, 209, 236

SLI

Sherborne (place), 208

Sheridan, Right Hon. R. B. (? J. C.),

173, 180

Shiplake (Oxon), 231
Shipton (near York), 75, 120, 360
Shirley, Hon. Messrs., 134, 135
Shoemaker (horse), 112
Shorthand-writer?, the J. C. and,

320, 321

Shotover (horse), 308
Shottesbrook, 241
Shoveller (or Shoveler), (horse),

240, 241

Siberia (horse), 308
' Sick Man,' The (Turkey), 268
Siderolite (horse), 296
Signal (horse), 216
Signorina (horse), 162
Silver (horse), 207

— Bowl (at Salisbury), 116
Silvertail (horse), 145
Silvio (horse), 291

Sim Tappertit, 73

Singleton, Mr. John, senior

(jockey), 130
Sir Archy (American horse), 80

— Bevys (horse), 270, 315

— Harry (horse), 235

— Joshua (horse), 226, 301

— Oliver (horse), 244

— Peter Teazle (more commonly
Sir Peter). 67, 68, 200

— Thomas (horse), 81, 183

Jellybag (horse), 175

Sister to Pharamond (horse), 190
Six Mile Bottom Stud Farm

(Newmarket, the Prince

Regent's), 302
Skelmersdale, Lord, 149
Skim (horse), 63
Skipton (Yorks), 130
Skirmisher (horse), 93
Skrymsher, &c., v. Scrimsher, &c.
Skyscraper (horse), 190, 236
Slane (horse), 286
Slingsby, Miss Sarah (maid of

honour to Queen Anne, Mrs.

Buncombe), 114

INDEX

413

SLI

Slingsby, Sir C., 148
Slipby (horse), (bay), 120

(brown), 120

Smart (afierwards Claret),

(horse), 217
Smiling Betty (horse), 278

— Molly (horse), 310

— Nanny (horse), 309

Smith, Mr. or General (J. C.), 13,
135, 136

— (the Young General), (? J. C.),
136

— Mr. Hugh (millionaire, whose
daughters married into the
Barrymore and Derby families),
68, 136, 199

— — and Mrs. Robert Percy,
143

— the Right Hon. Mr. Vernon,
143

— the Rev. Sidney, 122

— Mr. T. Assheton (J. C.), 266

— Mrs. (Lady Lade), 218
bmith-Barry, Mr. (J. C.), r. Barry
Smithson, Sir Hugh (Duke of

Northumberland), 33, 34

Smolensko (horse), 74, 224, 244,
278

Smyrna (place), 150

Snap (horse), 20, 89, 216

Snapdragon (horse), 61

Snewing, Mr. ('vet.' and 'book-
maker'), 361

Snip (hor>e), (maternal grandsire
of Pyrrhus), 139

• Snipe ' (alias W. Taylor),

(earliest published case of

* warning off ' by the J. C.),

257, 258, 282
Sober Robin (horse), 206
Societe d Encourgement. 7, 362
Society for the Propagation of

Gambling, 353, 358
of the Gospel, 140

- a Turf, 363
Soar (horse), 82
Soldier (horse), 52
Solon (horse), 65

SQU

Soltykoff, Prince D. (J. C.), 264,

268
Somerset, Dukes of, 33

— Edward (Earl of Worcester),
309

— the proud Duke of, 33, 36
Sondes, Lord (J. C ), 12, 66, 67
Songstress (horse), 270
Soothsayer (horse), 84
Sorcery (mare), 195
Sotterley (Suffolk), 298

Sour face (horse), 118
South, Mr., 78

— East (horse), 63

— West (horse), 63
Southampton, Duke of Cleveland

and, 192

— Lord (J. C.), 265
Southfleet (estate), 92
South wark (place), 217

Spain (toothpicks introduced

from), 50

Spalding, Mr. (J. C.), 266
Spaniel (horse), 206, 286
' Speaker,' Mr., vii
Spectator (horse), 89, 148, 156
Spectre (horse), 26, 137, 208
Speculum (horse), 274
Spencer, Lady Diana, 44

— Earl (J. C.), 264

— Hon. Capt. (J. C.), 266
'Spider and Fly,' 275, 277
Spiletta (horse), 20
Spinaway (horse), 291
Spitfire (horse), 60

' Sporting Kalendar,' The (Mr. J.

Pond's), 5

' — Magazine,' a writer in the, 229
Sportsman (horse), 67, 145
Sportsmistress (horse), 145
Spot (horse), 61, 194
Spread Eagle (horse), 207, 220
Sprightly (horse), 139
Squerries (Kent), 143
Squirrel (first called Surly).

(horse), 89
Squirt (horse), (grandsire of

Eclipse), 139

414

THE JOCKEY CLUB

STA

Stafford, Marquess of (the first,

grandfather of Lord Granville),

(J. C.), 53
Stamford (and Warrington), Earl

of (J. C.), 250, 258, 264, 287,

335, 355

— (place), 309
Standard (horse), 80
Standby (horse), 139

— Young, 80

Standish, Sir Frank (J. C.), 207,
220

Stanhope, Philip, Earl of Chester-
field (J. C.), 172, 177

— Amelia, Countess of Barry-
more, 177

— Dormer, Earl of Chesterfield
(? J. C.), 172, 177

— Earl of Harrington (? J. C.),
172, 177

Stanley, Lord (Earl of Derby),
(J. C.), 265, 271, 329-331

and Canezou, 330

Mr. Greville's Cariboo,

330

- Messrs. (J. C.), 266, 266, 295,
303

- Sir M. (J. C.), 266
— the family of, 199
Stapleford (Notts), 145
Stapleton, Mr. (ancestor of Lord

Beaumont), (J. C.), 13, 83, 84,

137
Star (Queen Anne's horse), 24,

311
' — and Garter,' The (Pall Mall),

6, 7, 152

— Davis (American horse),
302

Stargazer (horse), 71
Starling (horse), (the Ancaster S.),
24

- (Bay), 120

— (Brown), 120
Statira (horse), 108
Staveley (horse), 239

Stawell, Lord (? J. C.), 172, 208,
209

STU

Stawell, Baroness, 209

Stella (horse), 108

Stephenson, Mr. (Alderman of

Newcastle), 120
Steyne, the (Brighton), 49

— (match on), 219
— (Thackeray's), Marquess of, 49
Steyning, 100
Stickler (horse), 224
Stilton (churchyard), 47
Sting (mare), 223 ; (horse), 270
Stockton (Wilts), 299
Stockwell (horse), 203, 292, 304,

354, 361

Stoic (horse), 123
Stonehewer, Mr. Scott (J. C.), 266,

303

Stow (place), 123
Stowell, Lord, 209
Strabally Hall (Ireland), 300
Stradbroke, Earls of (J. C.), 172,

209-211, 264

Stradling, the family of, 301
Strafford, Earls of (J. C.), 214,

264, 265, 288
Strange, Lord (so self-styled,

father of the twelfth Lord

Derby), (J. C.), 12, 67, 68, 199
Strangways (not Strangeways),

Fox- (name of the Earl of

Ilchester), 312
Strathmore, Earls of (J. C.), 265,

288, 299
Stratton, Mr. George (and Lord

Pigot), 62

Strawberry Hill, 51, 242
Streatlam Castle (Durham), 248,

288, 299

Strickland, Sir William, 147
Stripling (horse), 26
Strode ) Mr. or Captain Edward
StroudJ" (J. C.), 12, 137, 138
Stuart, Sir Simeon (J. C.), 12, 94
Stuart- Wortley, v. Wortley
Stud Companies, 361
'— Book,' the, 165, 234, 237.

303
Stumbler (horse), 112

INDEX

415

STU

Stumps (horse), 202

Sturgeon, William or John (a

groom), 65, 66
Sturt, Mr. Humphry, 309
Gerard (Lord Alington),

(J. C.), 267, 296
Subscribers to the J. C. Challenge

Cup, 30, and passim
Subscription Rooms (Newmarket),

358

Sudbury (Suffolk), 113
Suffield, Lords (J. C.), 172, 207, 211,

293, 291, 307
Suffolk and Berkshire, Earl of

(J. C.), 9, 248, 265, 315, 346,

356, 366

Sultan (horse), 205, 282
Summerside (horse), (winner of the

Oaks), 291

Sunshade (horse), 300
Surly (horee), 89
Surplice (horse), 272, 290
Surprise (horse), 1 83
Surrey, Earl of, 175
Surveyor (horse), 112
Sutton, Mr. R. (Sir Richard),

(J. C.), 267, 303
Swaffham (Bulbeck), 246, 247

— (Prior), 247
Sweepstakes (horse), 54
Sweet Briar (horse), 56

— William (horse), 55 ; (Mr.
Barker's), 313

Sweetsauce (horse), 284
Swillington (place, the Rev. Sir

W. Lowther's), 88
Swinburne, Mr. William (J. C.),

13, 89, 134, 138, 139
Swindon (Wilts), 301
Swymmer, Mr. Anthony Langley

(J. C.), 13, 119, 139, 140,

315
Symme, Colonel (American),

119

Symmetry (horse), 84
Synge, Colonel (J. C.), 267
Syntax, Doctor (horse), 284
Syphon (horse), 139, 190

THA

TAAFFE, Mr. Theobald, M.P.
(gambler), vii

— Count, vii

Tadcaster (Yorks), 242, 243
Tag (horse), 202
Takamahaka (horse), 40
Tampering with the scales, 280
Tan gallops, 249, 299
Tandem (horse), 43, 134, 220
Tankerville, Countess of, 140
Tappertit, Sim, 73

Tarleton, Mr., Colonel, and
General Banastre (? J. C.), 173,
180

Tarragona (horse), 258

— Case, the, 258

Tarran, Rev. Mr. (his 'Black

Barb'), 162
Tartar Mare, the fabulous, 313

— (horse), 313

Tattersall, Messrs., 7, 45, 74, 144,

150, 327, 360

' Tattersall's,' 162, 256, 327, 359
Tavistock (place), 142

— Marquess of (J. C.), 172, 212,
264, 281

189

Tawney (horse), 56, 121
Taylor, Mr. (alias Snipe), 257

C. (J.C.), 173

Teazle, Sir Peter (horse), 200
' — (Lady),' 200

Teddington (horse), 295, 296, 303
Teddy the Grinder (horse), 71
Teissier, Barons de, 269

— Baron de (J. C.), 264, 268, 269,
296

Lewis, 269

Tempest, Sir H. Vane (J. C.), v.

Vane
Tenebreuse (French horse), 335,

338

Tetotum (horse), 235
Texas (country), 275
Thanet, Isle of, St. Peter's, 103
Tharp, Mr. W. M. (J. C.), 267,

315

— Mr. John, 315

416

THE JOCKEY CLUB

THA

Thatched House,' the (tavern), 7,

152

Thebais (horse), 300
Thelusson, Messrs. (Lords Kendle-

sham), 314
'_ Act,' the, 314
Theobald, Mr. (hosier and breeder

of Stockwell), 203, 361
Theodore (horse), (extraordinary

winner of the St. Leger), 280
Theopbania (horse), 84
Thesiger, Sir F. (Lord Chancellor),

178

Thetford (horse), 223
Thirty Stone, a match at, 77, 238
Thomond, Lords (Earls of), 201,
202

(their stud in Charles II.'s

time), 201

— House (Newmarket), 201
Thompson, ' Bet,' 140
Thornhill, Mr. (of Riddlesworth),
(J. C.), 173, 226, 240, 241, 267,
301
Thornton, Colonel (the famous),

148

Thornville (horse), 148
Thoulouse (or Toulouse), (place),

127
Ihrale, Mr. Henry (eminent

brewer), 217

- Mrs. (Dr. Johnson's friend), 217
' Three D.'s v. three K.'s,' 277
Thucydides, 48
Thumper (horse), 112
Ihurlow, Lord (Chancellor),

(? J.C.), 172, 177
Thwackum (horse), (alias Scipio),

89

Thynne, family of, 309
Tigress (horse), 112
Tigris (horse), 210
Tim Whiffler (horse), 292
Timoleon (American horse), 80
Tipping, Mr ,90
Tiresias (horse), 194, 271
Titchfield, Marquess of (J. C.), 172,
194

TRU

Tolstone ~)

Toulston \ Hall (Yorks), 147
Towlestone J
Tomato (horse), 269
Tomlinson, Mr. (breeder of

Teddington), 295
Tommy (horse), 84, 137
Tomtit (or Tom Tit), (horse), 311
Tooley Park (Leicester), 122
Toothpicks (Scipio and), 50
Topham, Capt., Major, and Col.

(the celebrated), (? J. C.), 173,

180

Tortoise (horse), 53
Tot (horse), 206
Touchstone (horse), 139, 219,

282, 283, 354
Toulouse, v. Thoulouse
' Touts,' the J. C. and the, 346
Towneley (place, Lancashire), 303
— Col. Charles (J. C.), 267, 303

— Marbles, the, 303
Townshend, Lord John (? J. C.),

172, 177

— George, Earl of Leicester and
Marquess T. (? J. C.), 177

— Hon. Charles (a joker), 74
Toxophilite (horse), 271
Toy (horse), 314

Training ' Reports " (in the news-
papers), 334

Trajan (horse), 55

Tramp (hor^e), 304

Transit (horse). 38

Tregony (place), 126

Trentham, Viscount (J. C.), 53,
116, 118, 124

— (horse), 92, 137
Trials, 346

Trifle (horse), 50

Tristan (horse), 287

Trollope (Lord Rest even), 25

Trotinda (horse), 221

Trousers (first wearer in public

of), (J. C.), 218
True Blues (horses), the two, 147,

298
Trumpator (horse), 50

INDEX

401

tAN

Landscape (horse), 236
Lane, Capt. Douglas (J. C.), 266,
313, 322

— Col. John (friend of Charles
II.), 313

Langham Hall (Suffolk), 100

Langton Wold (Yorks), 249, 299

Lansdowne, Marquess of (the cele-
brated Lord Shelburne), (? J. C.),
172, 177

Lapdog (horse), 202

Lardon (horse), 36

Lascelles, Viscount (J. C.), 265, 313

- Rev. Mr., 313

Lasingcroft (Yorks), 83

Launcelot (horse), 283

Lauraguais, Comte de (owner of
Gimcrack), 174

Lauzun, Due de, 174

Lawn, The (estate, Swindon,
Wilts), 301

Le Beau (horse), (the beautiful
Duchess of Devonshire's), 29

— Despencer, Baroness (Viscoun-
tess Falmouth), 291

— Marechal (horse, bred in
France), 288

— Sang (horse), 116
Leander (horse), 318

— Case, the, 318
Leaping-match, Sir C. (Mr.)

Turner's, 95
Lecturer (horse), 275
Ledstone Hall (Yorks), 243
Leedes, Mr. (Yorkshire breeder),

139
Leeds, Duke of (? J. C.), 172, 175

(J. C.), 194, 264

Lees Court (Kent), 67

Leeway (horse), 212

Lefevre. Mon-ieur C. J. (of

Chamant), 287
Legard, Sir Charles (ex-J. C.),

265
Legge, Messrs. Bilson (and Lord

Stawell), 209
Legh, Mr. W. J. (J. C.), 266, 313

— Mr., 313

LON

Leicester, Earl of (Marquess
Townshend), (? J. C.), 172, 177

Leigh, Colonel, 302

Lenox (or Lennox), Lady Sarah,
72,73

Charles, first Duke of Rich-
mond, 36

— Col. and Gen. (Duke of Rich-
mond), 195

— (horse), 112

— Lord H. G. (J. C.), 265
Leominster, 118
Leonidas (horse), 53
Lepicq (horse), 220
Lethbridge, Sir W. A. (J. C.), 265,

313
Letter of Lord Derby to the J. C.,

an admonitory, 321, 339
Leviathan (horse), 38

— (of the Ring, Mr. Davis, the),
330

— a, 360

Lewes (Sussex), 219
Lexington (American horse), 80
Leybourne Grange (Kent), 295,

296

Lichfield, Earl of (J. C.), 264, 286
Lightfoot, Mr. (of Virginia, U.S.),

239
Lime Kilns, The (Newmarket),

248

Lincoln, Earl of (J. C.), 264
Lindsey, Earls of, 25, 274
Linkboy (horse), 195
Lister, family name of, 276
Little Driver (horse), 49

— Duck (French horse), 324

— Wonder (horse), 283
Liverpool, Earl of (? J. C.), 177
Livy (Roman historian), 50
Lloyd, Mr. Cynric (J. C.), 266
Locust (horse), 120
Londesborough, Lord (J. C.), 265,

291

— Lodge, 292
Londonderry, Marquess of (J. C.),

220, 264, 307, 313
Lonely (horse), 308

D D

402

THE JOCKEY CLUB

LON

Longchamps, 273

Longford, Earls of, 112

Long Witton (Northumberland),

138
Lonsdale (first Viscount), 87

— (third Viscount), 87

- Earls of (J. C.), 87, 88, 206,
264, 266, 286

Lord Clifden (horse), 277

- Lyon (horse), 280, 303
Loughborough, Lord (St. Clair-

Erskine), (? J. C.), 231, 287
Louis the XV., King, 174

- the XVI., 188

Lowther (place in Westmorland),
88

- Lord (J. C.), 172, 206, 265,
286

- Sir J. (the 'bad' Lord Lons-
dale), (J. C.), 12, 87, 119, 206

— the Rev. Sir W., 88

— Bight Hon. J. (J. C.), 266, 306,
307, 313

- Hon. Margaret, 87

— Mr. Kobert (of Barbados), 87

— Col. (third Earl of Lonsdale),
(J. C.), 266, 286

Lucetta (horse), 222, 223

Luck's All (horse), 193

'Lucky Baronet,' The (Sir J.

Hawley), (J. C.), 295
4 — Burrells,' The, 131
Ludgershall, borough of, 133
4 Ludlow ' Year, The, 332
Lumley, Mr. K. G. (breeder of

Musjid), 296
Lupin, Monsieur A. (J. C.), 236,

266, 270, 327
Luss (horse), 223
Luttrell, Colonel, 20

— Miss (Mrs. Horton), 20
Lyme Park (Cheshire), (Messrs.

Legh, of), 313
Lymington, Viscount, 314

MACARONI (horse), 289
Macclesfield, second Earl of, 125

MAK

Macdonald (jockey), 283
Macedon, 47
Mackay, Mr. George, 62
Magic (horse), 207
Magog (horse), 83-85
Maid of Orleans (horse), 236

the Oaks (horse), 55

Maidstone, Lord (Earl of Win-

chilsea), (J. C.), 265, 292
Mainstone (horse), 272
Malton (place), a dispute at, 157

— (Bay, horse), v. Bay Malton
Maltzahn, Barons (well established

on the English Turf), 312
Mambrino (horse), 55, 84, 115,

235

Mameluke (horse), 205
Manfred (horse), 303
Manners, Lord William (J. C.),

12, 36, 37, 41, 56

— Lord George (J. C.), 253, 265

- Lord C. (J. C.), 265; family
of, 312

Mansfield, Lord (the great), (de-
cision of), 126, 228

Maple, Mr. Blundell ('Child-
wick'), 223

Marble Hill (Twickenham), Gen.
Peel's, 274

Marbury Hall (Belmont, Cheshire),
136

Marc Antony (or Mark Anthony),
(horse), 50, 139

Marcellus (horse), 192

March (and Ruglen), the Earl of
(' old Q.'), (J. C.), 12, 27, 31, 56,
58, 113, 114, 121, 126, 131, 132,
148, 310

— Earl of (J. C.), 264, 314

- Mr. John (J. C.), 13, 121
Maresfield Park (Sussex), 93
Maria (horse), 216

Fagniani (Marchioness of
Hertford), 57
Marie Antoine (horse), 33

— Antoinette, Queen, 49
Marigold (dam of Doncaster),

280

INDEX

403

MAE

Market Weighton (Yorks), 130
Marlboro ugh, (fourth) Duke of

(J. C.), 12, 33, 309
— Henrietta, Duchess of, 33
Marlow (jockey), 284
Marmier, Marquis de, 363
Maroon (horse), (' pulled ' for the

St. Leger), 283
Marquis (horse), 141
Marske (horse), (sire of Eclipse),

18, 139
Marston, Mrs. Frances (afterwards

Burlton), 108
Martin, Mr. Baron (Samuel),

(J.C.), 180, 265, 272
Martindale, Mr. (saddler), 49,

150, 360
Match Book (keeper of the, at

Newmarket), 164-166
Matchem (horse), 20, 35, 115
Matches, notable, 133, 134, 238,

242

Matilda (horse), 280
Matson (Gloucestershire), 133
Mauley, de, Lord (J. C.), v. De

Mauley
' Maxims and Characters,' by

Fulke Greville (J. C.), 119
Maynard, Lord, 31, 237

— Mr. (J. C.), 173, 225, 237, 238
Mayonnaise (horse), 300
Meaburn (horse), 192

Meath, Bishop of, 53
Medea (horse), 112
Medora (horse), 195
Melbourne, Lords, 225, 312, 366

— (horse), 139

— (place), 292

Mellish, Col. (J. C.), 54, 173, 224,

225, 238

Melton (horse), 308
Melville, Viscount (? J. C.), 178
Memnon (horse), 192, 304
Memoir (horse), 294, 308, 329
Mentmore (estate), 269

— Lass (horse), 269
Merlin (Old), (horse), 345

— Lord Lindsey's, 24

MIR

Merry, Mr. James (' Thormanby'),

55, 293, 361
— Hampton (horse), 148

— Hart (horse), 280
Messenger (horse), the 'Father

of Trotters,' 55, 115, 223, 235
Meteor (horse), 299
Metropolitan Racecourse Bill

(Mr. Anderson's), 336
Meynell, Mr. Hugo ('Father of

Fox-hunting '), (J. C.), 13, 105,

121, 133, 154, 174, 295

— Mr. Littleton Poyntz, 121
Miami (horse), 296
Michel Grove (Sussex), 93
Mickleham (Surrey), 242
Middle Park, 361

Plate, 277

Middleton, Sir William (J. C.), 12,
64, 89

— Sir John Lambert, 89

W. (the hero of Minden),

89

— (Bay), (horse), 205, 206

— (Chestnut), (horse), 205, 297

— Stony (estate, Oxon), (Lord
Jersey's), 204

Midge (horse), 89

Mildenhall (Suffolk), 72

Milford (North), (Yorks), 139

MiUs, Mr. J. (J. C.), 266

Milltown, Earls of (J. C.)r 264

Milner, Mr. W. M. (Sir W.), (J C.),
266

Milsington, Viscount (J. C.), 63

63

Milton, Tiscount (Earl Fitz-
william), (J. C.), 265

Minden, battle of, 89

Minos (the ' infernal ' judge),
116

Minstead Manor (Bants), 111

Minthe (horse), 304

Minting (horse), 304

Minuet (horse), 193, 220

Mira (horse), 216

Mirabeau, Comte de (Mr. Gross-
ley), 174

D L 2

404

THE JOCKEY CLUB

MIR

Miramon, Marquis de, 363
Miranda (horse), 44
Mirza (horse), 89, 119
Misfortune (horse), 40, 73
Miss Belsea (Belsay), (horse), 89

— Craven (horse), 195

- Elis (horse), 272

- Fortune (horse), 112

— Jummy (horse), 308

— Osmer (horse), 53

- Eamsden (horse), 215

- South (horse), 63

— Spindleshanks (horse), 52

— Western (horse), 77
Mixbury (Regulus), (horse), 68
Molecatcher (horse), 92
Molyneux, Sir Francis (? J. C.),

173, 178
• — Viscount (first Earl of Sefton),

(J. C.), 12, 58
Monaco, Prince of, 23
Monarque (French horse), 284
Moncreiffe, Sir David, 309
Monmouth, James, Duke of, 9 ;

(place), 47
Monson, Mr. Lewis (first Baron

Sondes), v. Sondes

- Lord, 222

Montagu, Lord (of Cawdry) 19 ; (his
mares), 19

- Mr. Wortley (gambler), M.P., vii
Montalbo (or Montalba), Comtesse

de (Mrs. Bowes), 299
Monte Carlo (place), 277
Montgregon, Comte Edouard de,

363
Montrose, Dukes of (? J. C.), 172,

175, 314

— Duke of (J. C.), 264, 300
Moon, Mr. Washington, 48
Moore, Sir John (owner of King

Herod), (J. C.), 12, 63, 89, 90
Morel (horse), 31
Morion (horse), 29
Morley, Earls of, 239
Morny, Comte de (purchaser of

West Australian), 292
Moses (horse), 49 ; (another), 185

NET

Moslem (horse), 300
Mostyn, Mr. and Lord (J. C.), 55,

265, 266, 290, 292
Mouravieff (horse), 289
Mouse (Y«ung), (horse), 197
Mulcaster, Capt., 242
Mulgrave, Earl of (J. C.), 264
Miindig (horse), 299
' Musas Anglican®,' The, 110
Musgrave, Mr. Christopher, 310
Music (horse), 193, 220
Musjid (hone), 296
Mustachio (horse), 185
Mustard (horse), (Queen Anne's),

311, 314
Myrtle (horse), 113 ; (Mr.

Wentworth's), 115
Mytton, Mr. 'Jack' (of Halston),

313

NABOB (alias Flambe), (horse),

116

Naburn (place near York), 129
'Nasnia Britannica' (author of),

235

Nanny (Wynn), the Eev. Mr., 162
Nantwich (Cheshire), 149
Naper, Messrs, (original family

name of the Duttons, Lords

Sherborne), 208, 236
Napier, Col. (second husband of

Lady Sarah Lenox), the Hon.,

73

— Sir Charles and Sir William, 73
Narcissus (horse), 35

Nassau Stakes, the, 267

'Nat ' (Elnathan Flatman, jockey),

284
Naylor, Mr. Francis (J. C.), 13, 122

— Mr. R. C., 122, 292
Nectar (horse), 197

Nelson, Mr. John (and his

'Calendar'), 161
Netherfield (horse), 192
Netherlands, King of the, 263, 267
'Nethermost Hell,' definition of,

231

INDEX

405

NEV

Neva (horse), 243
Nevill, Mr. H. H. (J. C.), 266
Neville, Mr. (Lord Braybrooke,

editor of ' Pepys's Diary '),

(J. C.), 173, 225
Nevi on (highwayman, and his

black mare), 85

Newbyth (Haddingtonshire), 294
Newcastle, Duke of (J. C.), 264,

274

- Dukes of, 28, 57, 67
Newcomen, Sir W. (banker), 95
'Newgate' (nickname of an Earl

of Barrymore), 42, 44, 275

- Market, 150
Newmarket, passim

— (meetings at), 158-160, 320

— Cottee Room, admission to the,
158

— Heath, right of 'warning off,'
194

— Rooms, the, 17, 157

- Whip, The, 9, 19

' — The Cub at ' (poem), 22, 153
Newminster (horse), 222, 354
Newport, Viscount (Earl of Brad-
ford), (J. C.), 265
Newspapers and betting, the, 352,

359
Newton (place), 313

- Gold Cup at, 313
Nicholas, the Emperor, 268
' Nicholson's Gin; 361

Nicolls, Lady (Duchess of Ancas-

ter), 23
Nicolo(orNiccolo), (horse, a twin),

209

Nightshade (horse), 202
Nike (horse), 55
Ninon de 1'Enclos, 132
' Nobbling,' 85, 319
Noble (horse), 125
Nobody (horse), 52
Nogent, le Chevalier, 363
Nominations (voidance of, by

death), 322-326
Norfolk, Duke of (? J. C.), 172,

175

OLD

Normanby, Marquess of (J. C.), 264,

311
Norris, Mr., Captain, and Admiral

(Henry), (J.C.), 13, 122, 123
North, Lord (?J.C.), 177

— Colonel, 223

— Milford (Yorks), 139
Northampton, Earls of, 111
Northey, Mr. (? J. C.), 173, 179

— Messrs., 179

Northfleet (estate), 92

Northumberland (Sir Hugh Smith-
son), Duke of (J. C.), 12, 33, 154,
243

— Countess of, 33, 34
Norton Conyers (Yorks), 295
Nottingham (horse), 218
Now or Never (horse), 120
Nuncio (horse), 226
Nunnykirk (horse), 222
Nuttall (Notts), 92
Nymphina (horse), 224, 225

'OAKS,' The (race), 199; (estate),

199
Oatlands (estate belonging to the

Duke of York), 93, 185, 187
Oberon (horse), 76, 96, 220, 241
Octavian (horse), 194
* Ode to Indifference,' by Mrs. Fulke

Greville, 119
Odine (horse), 108
Offley, Mr. (J. C.), 13, 122
Ofley, Mr. (very ancient ' racer '),

123, 124

Ogilvy, Mr. Charles (J. C.), 13, 123
Okehampton (place), 142
O'Kelly, Mr. (senior), (' blackleg,'

and owner of Eclipse), 33, 150,

183, 226, 238, 313, 344, 345, 350,

360

(junior), (J. C.), 173, 226, 238

(senior), on ' crossing and

jostling,' 251

Old Burlington Street, 165
— England (horse), 75; (another)

319

06

THE JOCKEY CLUB

OLD

' Old England Case,' the, 319, 322

(Old) Merlin (horse), 345

4 Old Q' (last Duke of Queens-
berry), (J. C.), 31, 56-58, 310

' — Kowley' (Charles the Second),
8

— Sarum (Wilts), 100

' Old' White's Club, vii, 143
Olive (horse), 225, 244
Oliver, Mr. Elchard (afterwards
Gascoigne), 84

— Cromwell (horse), 199
Omar (horse), 52

Onslow, Hon. Mr. * Tommy ' (se-
cond Earl of), (? J. C.), 173, 179
Oppidan (horse), 195
Orange, Princes of (J. C.), 263, 267

- Plate, the (at Ascot), 267
Orde, Mr. T. (Powlett), 190
Orford, Earls of (J. C.), 12, 58, 59,

64,78, 111,264,286

- Lady (horse), 286
Oriana (horse), 295
Orion (horse), 120
Orlando (horse), 273

Orleans, Due d' (' Egalite '), 108,
172, 182, 188

- (horse), 188

Ormonde (horse), 48, 148, 221,

280, 308, 354
— Marquess of, 61
Oroonoko (horse), 114
Orton, Mr. John (and his

' Annals '), 75, 77, 148
Osborne, Mr. John (senior, trainer),

79
Usnaburgh,Prince-bishopof (Duke

of York), (J. C.), 184
Ossian (horse), 308
Ossory (Upper), Earl of (J. C.), 12,

31, 60, 61, 154

— Dowager Countess of, 143
Othello (horse), 63
Otheothea (horse), 61
Otho (horse), 49, 60
Ottley, Messrs. William (senior

and junior), (J. C.), 13, 124, 125
Qulston (horse), 222

PAR

Oxenden Street (Haymarket), 165
Oxford (Corporation of), 40
— (races at), 40
Oxton Hall (Yorks), 243
Oxygen (horse), 193

PADWICK (or Padwicke), Mr.

(usurer), 242, 275, 277
Paget, Mr. G. E. (J. C.), 266, 307,

314
Paine, Mr. ' Tom ' (the notorious),

188

Pall Mall, 6

Palmer, W. (the poisoner), 322
Palmerston, Lord (J. C.), 266, 272,

320

Pan (horse), 221, 222
Pantaloon (horse), 139
Panton, Mr. Thomas (junior), (J.C.),

13, 24, 75, 79, 119, 125, 131, 181,

183, 250

— Miss Mary (Duchess of Ancas-
ter),23, 125

Papist (horse), 135
Paragon (horse), 138
Parasol (horse), 31, 221, 223
Parisot (horse), 220

— (she-dancer), 220
Park Hill (Doncaster), 63
Parker, Col. and Gen. Hon. George

Lane (J. C.), 13, 125

— Mr. (Lord Boringdon), (J. C.),
126, 173, 181, 183, 226, 239

Parlington (Yorks), 83, 137

— (horse), 137
Parmesan (horse), 302

Parrot, a (that whistles the 104th

Psalm), 238
Parsons, Nancy (Mrs. Horton), 13,

31, 237

— Mr. Henry, 108

— Mr. Humphry (Alderman),
108

Parthian (horse, two years old"* 78
Partisan (horse), 222
Partner (horse), (Mr. Grisewood's),
63

INDEX

407

PAS

Pastille (horse), 193

Patrician (horse), 174

Patron (horse), 203

Patshull (near Wolverhampton),

61,62
' Pavo ' (sporting writer's nom de

guerre), 3

Paymaster (horse), 45, 65, 138
Payne, Messrs., 135

— (J. C.), 266, 279

Pearson, General (J. C.), 266, 303,
306, 307, 314

— Mr. Anthony, 314

Pedley, Mr. (4 book-maker ' ; son-
in-law of Gully), 361

Peel, Col. and Gen. (J. C.), 214,
266, 273, 347

— (General), (horse), 285
Peirson, Sir Matthew, 190
Pelham, Miss (and ' Old Q.'), 27,

28,57

— « Tommy,' 123
Pelisse (horse), 31, 224
Pelter (horse), 219
Pemberton, Mr. C , 247
Pembroke College (Cambridge),

247

Penelope (horse), 31, 193
Pennington, Sir Joseph, 87

— Miss Catherine, 87
Penrhyn, Lord (J. C.), 265, 314
Pepys, Samuel, 9

Percy, Lady Elizabeth, 33
Perdita (horse), (dam of the Yellow

Mare), 86, 220
Perion (horse), 241
Pero (horse), 33

— Gomez (horse), 296
Peter (horse), 274

— (nickname of Lord Glasgow),

274, 285
' — Pindar' (Dr. Walcot),

88
Petit Gris (French horse), (Due

d'Orleans's), 188
Petrarch (horse), 277
Petre, Hon. Mr. Edward (J. C.),

266, 280

PIQ

Petre, Mr. (and the ' Rape of the

Lock '), 280
Petronel (horse), 308
Petruchio (horse), 223
Pet worth (seat of Lord Egremont),

35, 202

— races at, 35, 202, 366
Phenomenon (horse), 86, 87
Phantom (horse), 93, 204, 205,

224, 297

Phillimore, Mr. W. K. (J. C.), 266
Phillips, Mr. (horse-buyer for the

Duke of Northumberland), 34
Phosphorus (horse), 243, 294
Phryne (horse), 293
Piccadilly (horse), 226

— (Street), the gentleman who
owned, 303

Pick, Mr. William (and his ' Regis-
ter '), 314 (and elsewhere)
Pickwick Club, 10
Pic-nic (mare), 195
Pigot, Admiral (? J. C.), 173, 179
Sir Hugh, 62

— General Sir Robert, 62

- Lord, 12, 61. 179

— Sir George, 61, 62
Robert, 62

Pigott, Mr. Robert (senior), (of
Chetwynd), 126, 228

(junior), (of Chetwynd),

(J. C.), 13, 110, 126, 127,
228

Charles (' Louse '), (of Chet-
wynd), (J. C.),60, 111, 127, 173,
226, 228-231

— Rev. W., 228, 229

— 'Black' (of Chetwynd), 127,
229

- Mr. W. (of Doddeshall), 96
Pilgrimage (horse), 206
Pincher (horse), 124

Pindar (the famous Greek poet),

287

Pindarrie (horse), 193
Piper (horse), 60
Pique (Admiral Rous's ship), 210,

274

408

THE JOCKEY CLUB

PIT

Pitt, Right Hon. W. (? J. C.), 87,

L73, 179, 231

Place, Mr. (Cromwell's stud-
master), 205
Plaisanterie (French horse), 334,

337

Plantagenet (horse), 224
Plasto (horse), 29
Platina (horse), 202
Pleader (horse), 88
Plenipotentiary (horse), 186, 235
Pleville, Monsieur Couret, 363
Plunder (horse), 108
Poisoning (of horses), 179
Poland, King of (bids 2,000 gs. for

the famous sire (King) Herod),

90
Pole Star (horse), (property of the

murdered Mr. Cooke), 322
' Political Dictionary,' Mr. C.

Pigott's, 230, 231
Poltimore, Lords (Bampfylde), 107,

178

Pompadour, Madame de, 97, 188
Pond, Mr. John (and his Calendar),

5, 127, 134, 156, 163, 253, 254,

309, 357, and v. Appendix
• — Miss (and her match), 5

- Mrs. 163
Pontac (horse), 81

Poole, 8ir Ferdinando (J. C.), 173,
219, 220, 224

— Sir Henry, 219

- the Rev. Sir Henry, 220

— (estate, Wirrall, Cheshire), 219
Pope, Alexander (the poet), 114

— (horse), 31, 220 (called < Waxy '
P. to distinguish him from P.
by Shuttle)

Poppet (horse), (brother to Chuff),

56

' Porch,' the Father of the, 19
Porter, Mr. John (trainer), 253

— on taking the age of racehorses,
2,53

Portia (horse), 190

Portius (horse, by Cato), 124, 125

Portland, Duchess of, 130

PUL

Portland, Dukes of (J. C.), 172,
176, 194, 221, 246, 264,271, 306,
307, 311,314,329, 349

— Duke of v. Hawkins, 258
Portmore, Earl of (J. C.), 12, 62,

63
Portsmouth, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

310, 314,316
— Duchess of (de la Querou-

aille), 132, 133

PotSos (famous horse), 38, 55, 145
Powers, Mr. (American), 26
Powerscourt, Lord, 207
Powlett, Lord W. (J. C,), 265,

292, 322
Pratt, Mr. John (of Askrigg),

(J. C.), 13, 101, 128-130, 146
Precarious (horse ; first-recorded

two-year-old runner at New-
market), 78
Premier (horse), 53
Preston, Mr., breeder of Sampson,

64, 65

Pretender (horse), 308
Priam (horse), 186, 198
Price, ' Charley,' 140
Priestess (horse), 138, 162
Prince Charlie (horse), 101

— Leopold (horse), 185
Princess, The (horse), 273
Privateer (horse), 157
Prize (horse), 216
Problem (horse), 193
Professor, The (horse), 300
Propagation of Gambling, Society

for the, 353, 358

— of the Gospel, Society for the,
140

Property of the J. C. at Newmarket,

246-248

Proserpine (horse), 82
Prosper o (horse), 119
Protest (by the stewards of J. C.

against a reported decision of

a J. C. committee), 254
Prunella (horse), 31, 193
Pulteney, William (Earl of Bath),

140

INDEX

409

PUM

Pumpkin (horse), (a mile in four
and a half minutes ! ! ), 101-103

Punch (horse, imported into
America), 26

Pussy (horse), 300

Pyrrhus (horse), 118, 124, 139

QUEEN ANNE, v. Anne

— Bertha (horse), 291

— Charlotte, v. Charlotte

— Mab (the famous brood mare),
313

— Marie Antoinette, v. Marie
Antoinette

— Mary (famous brood mare),
139, 350

— of Trumps (horse), (her
peculiarity), 292

— Victoria (and horse-racing), v.
Victoria

Queensberry (last Duke of, 'Old
Q.'), (J. C.), 12, 27, 31, 56, 58,
113, 121,126,131,148,232

Querouaille, Madame de la
(Duchess of Portsmouth), 132

« Qui tarn ' actions, 320

Quick (and Castle),
(' blacklegs '), 344, 360

Quick-sand (horse), 215

Quits (horse), 300

Quiz (horse), 220, 223

4 Quorn,' The, 122

Quorndon Hall, 122

RABY, Lord (Duke of Cleveland),
(J. C.), 191

— (horse), 192

— (place), 191

Racecourse Bill (Mr. Anderson's

Metropolitan), 336
•Racehorse in Training,' Mr. W.

Day's, 78, 329

Radcliffe (Delme), Mr., 183, 186
Ragamuffin (horse), 136
Raglan, Lord, 280
Ralph (horse), (poisoned), 283, 284

RID

Rama (horse), 280

' Rape of the Lock ' (Pope's), 280

Ratan (horse), 318

— Case, the, 318
Ratoni (horse), 227

Read, Mr. ( ? Wilberforce), (J. C.),
13, 130

Rudston, 272

' Receipt to make a Jockey,' 72,
146, 188

'Reciprocity' (from France), de-
mand for, 278, 282, 288, 334

' Red Lion,' The (tavern at New-
market), 153

Square (Holborn), 188

Red-deer, a four-in-hand of, 59

Redrose (horse), 1 1 4

Reform Bill, the (effect of), 222

Refraction (horse), 195

Regalia (horse), 295, 361

Reginald (horse), 193

Regulus (horse), 48, 49, 120, 150

Remembrancer (horse), 331

Remus (horse), 95, 289

Rendlesham, Lord (J. C.), 265,
314

Repeal of racing statutes, 320

Repulse (horse), 275

Restitution (horse), 269

Reve d'Or (horse), 308

Reveller (horse), 222

Rhadamanthus (horse), 55

— the * infernal ' judge, 116
Rhoda (horse), 195
Ribblesdale. Lord (suicide of),

(J. C.), 265, 276
Richmond, Dukes of, 35, 36, 194,

211, 366
(j. c.), 12, 35, 172, 194, 211,

246, 264, 307, 314, 315, 320

— Bay, 81

— (horse), 112

— (Yorks), (Gold Cup won five
years running), 192

Riddle (horse), 97
Riddlesworth (horse), 206, 240

— (place), 226, 240
Ridicule (horse), 226

410

THE JOCKEY CLUB

RID

Eiding in with the leading horses,

318
Kidsdale, Mr. ('bookmaker'), 241,

361
' Ring,' The, 306, 345-347, 351-363,

358

— attempt of a noble lord to
' do,' v. Cwrw (horse)

« Kingworm,' The, 359

Ripponden (Yorks), 302

Risby (Suffolk), (or ? near Beverley,

Yorks), 146

Rise (in Holderness, Yorks), 130
Robert de Gorham (man), 212

— (horse), 212

Roberts, Mr. W. A. (J. C.), 266
Robin Hood (horse), (by Wild
Dayrell), 298

(by North Lincoln), 298

Robinson, Mr. (' Judge to the
J. C.'), 167

— (owner of the famous Samp-
son), 64

— Rt. Hon. John (Sec. to the
Treasury), (? J. C.), 173, 179

- Sir Hercules (J. C.), 265, 307
Rockingham, Marquess of (J. C.),

12, 59, 63, 65, 69, 89, 95, 227,

243, 312
sister of, 65, 66

— (horse), 42, 147; (another),
304

« Rolliad,' The, 175

Romeo (horse), 135

Roper, Hon. Gertrude (Baroness

Caere), 107
Rosaletta (horse), 136
Rose, Mr. C. D. (J. C.), 266, 355
Rosebery, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

296, 307, 315

— Hannah, Countess of, 269
Rosebud (horse), 115
Rosicrucian (horse), 296
Rosslyn, Earl of (J. C.), 264,

287

(son of the former), 147

Rothschild, Baron Meyer (J. C.),

264, 269, 315

RUS
Rothschild, Baron Lionel, 270, 31

— Miss (Hannah, Countess of Rose-
bery), 269

— Mr. Leopold (J. C.), 266
Rouge (horse), (bred in France),

108, 188

Rougham (Suffolk), 215
Rous, Lord (Sir John), (J. C.), v.

Stradbroke
- Admiral (J. C.), 9, 173, 186,

226, and passim
continuous re-election of, 326

— Major, 210

— Mr. (of the ' Eagle ' Tavern),
210

' — Bravo ! ' (whence derived),
210

Rowena (horse), 193

Rowton (horse), 280

Royal College of Veterinary Sur-
geons, 188

— Hunt Cup (Ascot), 303, 321

— mares, 19

— Stud (Hampton Court), 186
Royston, Viscount (Earl of Hard-

wicke), (J. C.), 265
Rubens (horse), 40, 226
Ruffler (horse), 120
Rufford Abbey (Notts), 302
Rugeley (Staffs), 322
Ruler (horse), 130
Rules and Orders of the J. C.,

157-160, 256, 318-340

— Concerning Horse-racing,
156, 254-256, 318-340, and v.
Appendix

Run (of more than fifty miles after

a fox), 95
' Running Rein ' (horse), (the

notorious case), 259, 318, 347,

356

Rupee (horse), 288
' Rupert of Debate,' The (J. C.),

271
Rush, Mr. George (J. C.), 173, 226,

266
Rushout, Sir Charles (J. C.), 265,

314

INDEX

411

RUS

Eussia, Empress of, 59

Eussias, Emperor of all the (J. C.),

263

Eutland, Dukes of, 36, 37, 56, 69
(j. c.), 36, 37, 172, 185, 195,

264
Eyshworth (Yorks), 302

SABLONS (France), the plain of,

97

Saccharometer (horse), 289
Sackville, Viscounts (J. C.), 172,

206, 207

— Lord George, 207
Sadler, Mr. (ex-ostler), 361
Sagitta (horse), 271
Sailor (horse), 240, 241

St. Albans, Duke of (J. C.), 264,
307, 315

(horse), 282

(place), 212

— Albin, Monsieur A. de, 362

— Blaise (horse), 308

— Christopher, island of (St.
Kitt's), 124

— Donat's (Glamorganshire), 301

- George (horse), 191, 206, 226,
227

— George's Fields, 233

- Giles (horse), 241

— John, Colonel, 100

Hon. John (? J. C.), (a ' maca-
roni ' and author), 173, 179

— Lawrence (horse, and name of
the Earls of Howth), 285

— Leger, Colonel, 63
(race), 63, 125

— Marguerite (horse), 300

— Patrick (horse), 112, 222

— Peter's (Isle of Thanet), 103

— Quintin, Sir. W., 20

— Simon (horse), 48, 268

— Vincent, Lord (Viscount), (J.C.),
265, 276, 277

Salisbury, race for Silver Bowl at,
116

— Lord, 138

SCR

Salisbury, Countess of (beheaded),

231

SaUy (horse), 122
Salterley Common, 47
Saltram (horse), (so-called from

the seat of the Earls of Morley,

Devon), 226, 239
Sam (horse), 240, 241
Sampson (horse), (15 hands, 2 in.),

64,65

Sancho (horse), 239
Sanderson, the Eev. T., 92
Sandown Park, 333, 353
Sarpedon (horse), 81
Satirist (horse), 283
Saturn (horse), 61
Saucebox (horse), 286
Savernake (horse), 282
Savile, Mr. H. (J. C.), 266, 302
Saye and Sele, Lord (J. C.), 265,

293

Scales, tampering with the, 280
Scaramouch (horse), 33
Scarf (horse), 63
Scarsdale (Lord, first Baron),(J. C.),

80
Scipio (Roman general), 50

— (and tooth -picks), 50
- (horse), 50, 89
Scotia (horse), 146

Scott, Mr. (? Capt., Major, Col.,
and Gen.), (J. C.), 13, 58, 130,
131

— the three Misses (Duchess of
Portland, Viscountess Downe,
and Viscountess Canning), 130,
131

— Lord J. (J. C.), 265, 293

— Mr. J. (trainer), 248, 249, 272,
291, 299, 310, 361

— Mrs., 291

— Mr. W. (jockey), 361
Scottish Queen (horse), 308
Scrimsher "1

Scrymsher I Mr. Boothby, 13,
Scrymshire [ 104, 134, 135
Skrymsher J
Scriven (Yorks), 114

412

THE JOCKEY CLUB

scu

Scud (horse), 240
Seabreeze (horse), 308
Sabright, Sir Thomas Saunders
(J. C.), 12, 91

— Lieut.-Gen. Sir John S. (? J. C.),
91

Sedley (or Sidley), Sir Charles

(J. C.), 12, 91-93
See-saw (horse), 289
Sefton, Earls of (J. C.), 58, 122,

303

— (horse), 58, 300

— House (Newmarket), 58, 300
Selim (horse), 40

Selima (horse), 61
Selwyn, Mr. George (the wit), 7,
13, 14, 57, 117, 131-133, 201, 229
Semolina (horse), 308, 329
Senlis (horse), 41
Seringapatam (siege of), 294
Sevastopol (fortress), 268
Seymour, Lady Elizabeth, 33

— Capt. H. (J. C.), 266

- Lord Henry, 272
— Sir Hamilton, 268

Shafto, Messrs., or Capts. J. and E.
(J. C.), 13, 89, 111, 132-134,
141, 159, 215

- Mr. J. (matches), 133, 134
Shakespeare, William, 212, 239,

240
Shakspear, Mr. Arthur (J. C.),

173, 226, 239
Shardelces (Amersham, Bucks),

300

Shark (horse), 127, 229, 230
Sheerness, curious horse-wager at,

186
Shelburne, Lord (Lansdowne),

(? J. C.), 177
Shelley, Sir John (fifth Baronet),

(J. C.), 12, 93, 190

— (sixth Baronet), (J. C.),

93, 204, 224, 265, 297

— (seventh Baronet), (J. C.),

265, 266, 297
Sherborne, Lord (J. C.), 137, 172,

208, 209, 236

SLI

Sherborne (place), 208

Sheridan, Right Hon. R. B. (? J. C.),

173, 180

Shiplake (Oxon), 231
Shipton (near York), 75, 120, 360
Shirley, Hon. Messrs., 134, 135
Shoemaker (horse), 112
Shorthand-writers, the J. C. and,

320, 321

Shotover (horse), 308
Shottesbrook, 241
Shoveller (or Shoveler), (horse),

240, 241

Siberia (horse), 308
' Sick Man,' The (Turkey), 268
Siderolite (horse), 296
Signal (hor-e), 216
Signorina (horse), 162
Silver (horse), 207
- Bowl (at Salisbury), 116
Silvertail (horse), 145
Silvio (horse), 291
Sim Tappertit, 73
Singleton, Mr. John, senior

(jockey), 130
Sir Archy (American horse), 80

— Bevys (horse), 270, 315

— Harry (horse), 235

— Joshua (horse), 226, 301
— Oliver (horse), 244

— Peter Teazle (more commonly
Sir Peter). 67, 68, 200

— Thomas (horse), 81, 183

Jellybag (horse), 175

Sister to Pharamond (horse), 190
Six Mile Bottom Stud Farm

(Newmarket, the Prince

Regent's), 302
Skelmersdale, Lord, 149
Skim (horse), 63
Skipton (Yorks), 130
Skirmisher (horse), 93
Skrymsher, &c., v. Scrimsher, &c.
Skyscraper (horse), 190, 236
Slane (horse), 286
Slingsby, Miss Sarah (maid of

honour to Queen Anne, Mrs.

Buncombe), 114

INDEX

413

SLI

Slingsby, Sir C., 148
Slipby (horse), (bay), 120

(brown), 120

Smart (afterwards Claret),

(horse), 217
Smiling Betty (horse), 278

— Molly (horse), 310

— Nanny (horse), 309

Smith, Mr. or General (J. C.), 13,
135, 136

— (the Young General), (? J. C.),
136

— Mr. Hugh (millionaire, whose
daughters married into the
Barrymore and Derby families),
68, 136, 199

- and Mrs. Eobert Percy,
143

— the Right Hon. Mr. Vernon,
143

— the Rev. Sidney, 122

— Mr. T. Assheton (J. C.), 266

— Mrs. (Lady Lade), 218
Smith-Barry, Mr. (J. C.), v. Barry
Smithson, Sir Hugh (Duke of

Northumberland), 33, 34

Smolensko (horse), 74, 224, 244,
278

Smyrna (place), 150

Snap (horse), 20, 89, 216

Snapdragon (horse), 61

Snewing, Mr. ('vet.' and 'book-
maker'), 361

Snip (horse), (maternal grandsire
of Pyrrhus), 139

• Snipe ' (alias W. Taylor),
(earliest published case of
'warning off' by the J. C.),
257, 258, 282

Sober Robin (horse), 206

Societe d Encourgement, 7, 362

Society for the Propagation oi
Gambling, 353, 358

- of the Gospel, 140
- a Turf, 363

Bog (horse), 82

Soldier (horse), 52

Solon (horse), 65

SQtJ

Soltykoff, Prince D. (J. C.), 264,

268
Somerset, Dukes of, 33

— Edward (Earl of Worcester),
309

— the proud Duke of, 33, 36
Sondes, Lord (J. C ), 12, 66, 67
Songstress (horse), 270
Soothsayer (horse), 84
Sorcery (mare), 195
Sotterley (Suffolk), 298
Sourface (horse), 118

South, Mr., 78

— East (horse), 63

— West (horse), 63
Southampton, Duke of Cleveland

and, 192

— Lord (J. C.), 265
Southfleet (estate), 92
Southwark (place), 217

Spain (toothpicks introduced

from), 50

Spalding, Mr. (J. C.), 266
Spaniel (horse), 206, 286
* Speaker,' Mr., vii
Spectator (horse), 89, 148, 156
Spectre (horse), 26, 137, 208
Speculum (horse), 274
Spencer, Lady Diana, 44

— Earl (J. C.), 264

— Hon. Capt. (J. C.), 266
« Spider and Fly,' 275, 277
Spiletta (horse), 20
Spinaway (horse), 291
Spitfire (horce), 60

' Sporting Kalendar,' The (Mr. J.

Pond's), 5

' — Magazine,' a writer in the, 229
Sportsman (horse), 67, 145
Sportsmistress (horse), 145
Spot (horse), 61, 194
Spread Eagle (horse), 207, 220
Sprightly (horse), 139
Squerries (Kent), 143
Squirrel (first called Surly),

(horse), 89
Squirt (horse), (grandsire of

Eclipse), 139

414

THE JOCKEY CLUB

STA

Stafford, Marquess of (the first,

grandfather of Lord Granville),

(J. C.), 53
Stamford (and Warrington), Earl

of (J. C.), 250, 258, 264, 287,

335, 355

— (place), 309
Standard (horse), 80
Standby (horse), 139

— Young, 80

Standish, Sir Frank (J. C.), 207,
220

Stanhope, Philip, Earl of Chester-
field (J. C.), 172, 177

— Amelia, Countess of Barry-
more, 177

— Dormer, Earl of Chesterfield
(? J. C.), 172, 177

— Earl of Harrington (? J. C.),
172, 177

Stanley, Lord (Earl of Derby),
(J. C.), 265, 271, 329-331

and Canezou, 330

Mr. Greville's Cariboo,

330

- Messrs. (J. C.), 265, 266, 295,
303

- Sir M. (J. C.), 266

— the family of, 199
Stapleford (Notts), 145
Stapleton, Mr. (ancestor of Lord

Beaumont), (J. C.), 13, 83, 84,
137

Star (Queen Anne's horse), 24,
311

- — and Garter,' The (PaU Mall),

6, 7, 152

— Davis (American horse),
302

Stargazer (horse), 71
Starling (horse), (the Ancaster S.),
24

- (Bay), 120

— (Brown), 120
Statira (horse), 108
Staveley (horse), 239

Stawell, Lord (? J. C.), 172, 208,
209

STU

Stawell, Baroness, 209

Stella (horse), 108

Stephenson, Mr. (Alderman of

Newcastle), 120
Steyne, the (Brighton), 49

— (match on), 219
— (Thackeray's), Marquess of, 49
Steyning, 100
Stickler (horse), 224
Stilton (churchyard), 47
Sting (mare), 223 ; (horse), 270
Stockton (Wilts), 299
Stockwell (horse), 203, 292, 304,

354, 361

Stoic (horse), 123
Stonehewer, Mr. Scott (J. C.), 266,

303

Stow (place), 123
Stowell, Lord, 209
Strabally Hall (Ireland), 300
Stradbroke, Earls of (J. C.), 172,

209-211,264

Stradling, the family of, 301
Strafford, Earls of (J. C.), 214,

264, 265, 288
Strange, Lord (so self-styled,

father of the twelfth Lord

Derby), (J. C.), 12, 67, 68, 199
Strarigways (not Strange ways),

Fox- (name of the Earl of

Ilchester), 312
Strathmore, Earls of (J. C.), 265,

288, 299
Stratton, Mr. George (and Lord

Pigot), 62

Strawberry Hill, 51, 242
Streatlam Castle (Durham), 248,

288, 299

Strickland, Sir William, 147
Stripling (horse), 26
Strode > Mr. or Captain Edward
StroudJ (J. C.), 12, 137, 138
Stuart, Sir Simeon (J. C.), 12, 94
Stuart- Wortley, v. Wortley
Stud Companies, 361
'— Book,' the, 165, 234, 237,

303
Stumbler (horse), 112

INDEX

415

STU

Stumps (horse), 202

Sturgeon, William or John (a

groom), 65, 66
Sturt, Mr. Humphry, 309
Gerard (Lord Alington),

(J. C.), 267, 296
Subscribers to the J. C. Challenge

Cup, 30, and passim
Subscription Rooms (Newmarket),

358

Sudbury (Suffolk), 113
Suffield, Lords (J.C.), 172, 207, 211,

293, 294, 307
Suffolk and Berkshire, Earl of

(J. C.), 9, 248, 265, 315, 346,

356, 366

Sultan (horse), 205, 282
Summerside (horse), (winner of the

Oaks), 291

Sunshade (horse), 300
Surly (horse), 89
Surplice (horse), 272, 290
Surprise (horse), 183
Surrey, Earl of, 175
Surveyor (horse), 112
Sutton, Mr. R. (Sir Richard),

(J. C.), 267, 303
Swaffham (Bulbeck), 246, 247

— (Prior), 247
Sweepstakes (horse), 54
Sweet Briar (horse), 55

— William (horse), 55 ; (Mr.
Barker's), 313

Sweetsauce (horse), 284
Swillington (place, the Rev. Sir

W. Lowther's), 88
Swinburne, Mr. William (J. C.),

13, 89, 134, 138, 139
Swindon (Wilts), 301
Swymmer, Mr. Anthony Langley

(J. C.), 13, 119, 139, 140,

315
Symme, Colonel (American),

119

Symmetry (horse), 84
Synge, Colonel (J. C.), 267
Syntax, Doctor (horse), 284
Syphon (horse), 139, 190

THA

TAAFFE, Mr. Theobald, M.P,
(gambler), vii

— Count, vii

Tadcaster (Yorks), 242, 243
Tag (horse), 202
Takamahaka (horse), 40
Tampering with the scales, 280
Tan gallops, 249, 299
Tandem (horse), 43, 134, 220
Tankerville, Countess of, 140
Tappertit, Sim, 73

Tarleton, Mr., Colonel, and
General Banastre (? J. C.), 173,
180

Tarragona (horse), 258

— Case, the, 258

Tarran, Rev. Mr. (his 'Black

Barb'), 162
Tartar Mare, the fabulous, 313

— (horse), 313

Tattersall, Messrs., 7, 45, 74, 144,

150, 327, 360

' Tattersall's,' 162, 256, 327, 359
Tavistock (place), 142

— Marquess of (J.C.), 172, 212,
264, 281

189

Tawney (horse), 56, 121
Taylor, Mr. (alias Snipe), 257

C. (J. C.), 173

Teazle, Sir Peter (horse), 200
• — (Lady),' 200

Teddington (horse), 295, 296, 303
Teddy the Grinder (horse), 71
Teissier, Barons de, 269

— Baron de (J. C.), 264, 268, 269,
296

Lewis, 269

Tempest, Sir H. Vane (J. C.), v.

Vane
T§n6breuse (French horse), 335,

338

Tetotum (horse), 235
Texas (country), 275
Thanet, Isle of, St. Peter's, 103
Tharp, Mr. W. M. (J. C.), 267,

315

— Mr. John, 315

416

THE JOCKEY CLUB

THA

' Thatched House,' the (tavern), 7,

152

Thebais (horse), 300
Thelusson, Messrs. (Lords Rendle-

sham), 314
'_ Act,' the, 314
Theobald, Mr. (hosier and breeder

of Stockwell), 203, 361
Theodore (horse), (extraordinary

winner of the St. Leger), 280
Theophania (horse), 84
Thesiger, Sir F. (Lord Chancellor),

178

Thetford (horse), 223
Thirty Stone, a match at, 77, 238
Thomond, Lords (Earls of), 201,

202
- (their stud in Charles II.'s

time), 201

- House (Newmarket), 201
Thompson, ' Bet,' 140
Thornhill, Mr. (of Eiddles worth),

(J. C.), 173, 226, 240, 241, 267,

301
Thornton, Colonel (the famous),

148

Thornville (horse), 148
Thoulouse (or Toulouse), (place),

127
Thrale, Mr. Henry (eminent

brewer), 217

— Mrs. (Dr. Johnson's friend), 217
' Three D.'s v. three K.'s,' 277
Thucydides, 48
Thumper (horse), 112
Thurlow, Lord (Chancellor),

(? J.C.), 172, 177
Thwackum (horse), (alias Scipio),

89

Thynne, family of, 309
Tigress (horse), 112
Tigris (horse), 210
Tim Whiffler (horse), 292
Timoleon (American horse), 80
Tipping, Mr. ,90
Tiresias (horse), 194, 271
T itch field, Marquess of (J. C.), 172,

194

TRU

Tolstone "]

Toulston [> Hall (Yorks), 147

Towlestone J

Tomato (horse), 269

Tomlinson, Mr. (breeder of

Teddington), 295
Tommy (horse), 84, 137
Tomtit (or Tom Tit), (horse), 311
Tooley Park (Leicester), 122
Toothpicks (Scipio and), 50
Topham, Capt., Major, and Col.

(the celebrated), (? J. C.), 173,

180

Tortoise (horse), 53
Tot (horse), 206
Touchstone (horse), 139, 219,

282, 283, 354
Toulouse, v. Thoulouse
' Touts,' the J. C. and the, 346
Towneley (place, Lancashire), 303

— Col. Charles (J. C.), 267, 303

— Marbles, the, 303
Townshend, Lord John (? J. C.),

172, 177

— George, Earl of Leicester and
Marquess T. (? J. C.), 177

— Hon. Charles (a joker), 74
Toxophilite (horse), 271
Toy (horse), 314

Training « Reports ' (in the news-
papers), 334

Trajan (horse), 55

Tramp (horse), 304

Transit (horse), 38

Tregony (place), 126

Trentham, Viscount (J. C.), 53,
116, 118, 124

— (horse), 92, 137
Trials, 346
Trifle (horse), 50
Tristan (horse), 287
Trollope (Lord Kest even), 25
Trotinda (horse), 221

Trousers (first wearer in public

of), (J. C.), 218
True Blues (horses), the two, 147,

298
Trumpator (horse), 50

INDEX

417

TRU

Trumpetta (horse), 51
Trustee (horse), 241
Turcoman (horse), 193
4 Turf Society ' (a proposed), 364
Turner, Sir Charles (? J. C.), 95,
96, 241

— Teresa (Lady), 241

— Mr. and Sir C. (J. C.), 12, 84,
94, 147

(his leaping-match), 95

Turnus (horse), 61

Turpin, Dick (highwayman), 85,

242

Turquoise (horse), 193
Tuting (and Fawconer), Messrs.,

164, 165, 360

's Calendar, 164

Twickenham, Marble Hall at,

274
Two-year-old Racing, who began,

76-80
sanctioned by the J. C.,

61, 365

Two Thousand (the race), 331
Cwrw's (sharp practice by

a noble member of the J. C.),

331
Tyrant (horse), 31

UDNEY, Mr. or Col. John Robert

Fullarton (J. C.), 173, 226, 227,

267

— Castle (Aberdeen), 227
Uffington, Viscount (first Earl of

Craven), 51
Ulick (horse), 193
Uppark (Sussex), 81 ; races at, 82,

366
Upper Ossory, Earl of (J. C.), 12,

31, 60, 61, 178

Dowager Countess of, 143

Uxbridge, Earl of (J. C.), 265

VACCINATION ACT, a compulsory,

239
Vaharina (horse), 212

VIN

* Valentine,' Mr. (Lord Falmouth),

291

Vampire (horse), 26
Van Tromp (horse), 284
Vandyke (Junior), (horse), 162,

211
Vane, Sir H. T. (J. C.), 173, 220,

313

— family of, 192
Vansittart, Messrs., 90

— Mr. Henry (J. C.), 96, 173, 227,
241, 267

Varey, Mr. William (J. C ), 13, 140
Variation (horse), 303
Vauban (horse), 308
Vauxhall Snap (horse), 216
Vavasour, Sir W., 77
Vedette (horse), 290
Velocipede (horse), 346
Velocity (horse), 53
Vengeance (horse), (property of

the ' Rugeley poisoner '), 822
Ventilator (horse ; yearling), 250
Ventre-Saint-Gris (horse), 109
Vernon, Henrietta (Lady Gros-

venor), 54

— Mr. H. (J. C.), 13, 173, 227,
241, 250

R. (J. C.), 13, 41, 54, 55, 60,

79, 111, 140-143, 153, 241, 246

— Lord, 92

— Place, 142

— Smith, Rt. Hon. Mr., 143
Vert (French horse), (Duke of

Orleans's), (bred in France), 108,

188
Verulam, Lords (J. C.), 172, 196,

212, 213, 224, 246, 265, 366
Victoria, Queen, 18, 283, 293
Villiers (Duke of Buckingham),

114, 204

— Viscount (Earl of Jersey),
(J. C.), 265

— Rt. Hon. J. C. (third Earl of
Clarendon), (J. C.), 173, 227

— Hon. A. and F. (J. C.), 267
Vincent, Sir F., 140

' Vintner mare,' the, 113

E E

418

THE JOCKEY CLUB

vio

Violante (horse), 55, 220
— (she-rope-dancer), 220
Virago (horse), 125, 239
Viret (horse), 194
Virginia (U. S. of America), 119,

280, 239
Viscount (horse), 234, v. Young

Chillaby

Vitellina (horse), 196, 212
Vivian (Lord), (J. C.), 265, 278

334
Vladimir, Prince and Grand Duke

(of Kussia), 263
Volante (horse), 51
Vole (horse), 224
Voltaire (the famous Arouet de),

209

Voltigeur (horse), 284, 290
Vyner, Mr. H. F. Clare (J. 0.),
"267, 304
- R. C. (declines the J. C.),

304

WADDINGTON, Mr. H. S. (J. C.),

267
Waldegrave, Earl of (J. C.), 12,

68, 69

— (John), 69

— Countess of (Duchess of
Gloucester), 21, 23, 69

— Lady Maria (Duchess of Graf-
ton), 69, 201

Wales, Prince of (George the
Fourth), (J. C.), 4, 49, 75, 79, 81,
129, 172, 181-184, 223

- (Albert Edward), (J. C.),
184, 263

- ' (Sir Watkin Wynn), 297
Walker, Mr. Thomas (J. C.), 173,
227, 230, 242

— Mr. B. (and his Calendar), 164

— ' Old Tom,' 242

- Mr. T. E., 300 [v. Case-Walker

(J. C.)]
Wallace, iSir Richard (J. C.), 265,

272
Wallop (Viscount Lymington), 314

WEN

Walpole, Horace, vii, 7, 14, 286
and passim

— Sir Robert, 13, 59, 242
— Edward, 69

— Maria (Countess Waldegrave
and Duchess of Gloucester), 21,
69

Walton, Mr. (American 'plunger '),
348

— (horse), 221, 222
Walworth (Durham), 120
Warde (or Ward), Mr. John (of

Squarries, Kent),(J. C.), 13, 143

— Mr. John (' glorious John '),
(? J. C.), 143, 144

Warhawke (horse), 121
Warren, Admiral Sir P., 40

— Captain J. B., 145

— Mr. John Borlase (J. C.), 13,
145

— Admiral Borlase, 145

— Hill (Newmarket), 248
Warwick, Earls of, 143
Wastell, Mr. John (J. C.), 145-147

— Miss, 146

Waterford, Marquess of (J. C.),

264

Waterloo, battle of, 195, 236
Watson, Hon. George (J. C.), 173,

227, 243
Watt, Mr. Richard (J. C.), 192,

267, 304

Watts, Mr. (of Ireland), 304
Waxy (horse), 38, 202, 209, 219,

220

Weald House (Essex), 68
Weatherby, Messrs., 31, 161, 164-

167, 245, 249, 253, 257
Weights and Scales Plate, 99, 157
Welbeck (estate of Dukes of

Portland), 272

Wellington, the Duke of, 236, 238
Wenlock (horse), 289
Wentworth (Charles Watson,

second and last Marquess of

Rockingham), (J. C.), 64-66
- Mr. Peregrine (J. C.), 13, 81,

147, 227, 243

INDEX

419

WEN

Wentworth, Lady Henrietta Alicia
(married her groom), 65, 66

West Australian (horse), 148, 291,
292, 299

— Hailing (Norfolk), 113

— Wratting (Cambs), 132-134
Westminster (Dean and Chapter

of), 176

— Abbey, 162

— school, 189

- Marquess of (J. C.), 55, 176,
196, 264, 282, 283

— Duke of (J. C.), 55, 221, 264,
283, 307, 315, 3*6

Westmorland, Earl of (J. C.), 265,
279, 280, 315, 316

— Earls of, 315

Wey bridge (place), 185, 187
Whalebone (horse), 38, 220
Wharncliffe, Lord (J. C.), 227, 258,

265
Wharton, Philip, Duke of, 42

- Lord, 28

Wheel of Fortune (horse), 291
Whip, The (Newmarket Chal-
lenge), 19, and passim

— Royal, The (at the Curragh),
184

Whipcord (horse), 215

Whipper In (horse), 114

Whisker (horse), 38, 193, 220

"W histlejacket (horse), Lord Rock-
ingham's, 64

White, Mr. (of Australia), 324

White's Club (' Old '), vii, 143

Whitenose (horse), 145

White wall (Yorks), (famous train-
ing place at), 248, 272, 277

Whitworth (Durham), 120, 133,
134

Whizgig (horse), 193

Why Not (horse), 120

Whyte, Mr. Christie, 39, 75, 142

— Mr. John (hippodrome), 249,
356

Wickham Mills (Essex), 108

— (horse), 108, 180
Wigram, Mr. W. (J. C.), 267

WOO

Wilbraham, Mr. Roger (J. C.), 13,
148, 149

- Bootle, Mr. Richard, 149
Wildair (horse, by Cade), 138
Wildman, Mr. (meat-salesman),

21, 150, 360
Wilkes, Mr. John W. (and Liberty),

21
Willes, Mr. Irwin (' Argus '),

(' warned off '), 258
William III., King, 8, 19, 150

— IV., King, 172, 184, 223, 263
Williams, Mr. ' Gilly,' 14

— Gen. Owen (J. C.), 267, 307,
315

- Sir J., 316

Williamson, Sir Hedworth (J. C.),

173, 221
Williamson's Ditto (horse), 220,

221

Wilmington (Lord), 58
Wilson, Mr. Christopher (J. C.),

173, 227, 243, 267

— Rt. Rev. Christopher, 243

— Mr. or Col. Robert (Lord
Berners), 243

Richard, 243

William, 243

Wilton, Earl of (J. C.), 107, 266,

289, 290. 294, 366
Windhound (horse), 293
Windsor (place), 314
Wings (horse), 236, 270
Wirrall (Cheshire), 219
Witton (Long), (place), 138
Wizard (horse), (by Sorcerer),

244
Wolseley, Sir William (J. C.), 12

96

- Charles, 96
Henry, 96

— Lord, 96

— Mount (Ireland), 96

Wood, Sir Mark (J. C.), 173, 222,
265, 305

- General Mark (J. C.), 267, 305
Woodcock, Mr. (great rider), 133,

134

420

THE JOCKEY CLUB

woo

Woodcote (estate of), 269
- (Stakes), 269
Woodpecker (horse), 215
Worcester, Earl of (Edward

Somerset), 309

4 World, The' (publication), 180
Worley, Mr. W., 187
Wormwood (horse), 215
Wortley, Rt. Hon. J. Stuart W.

(Lord Wharncliffe), (J. C.), 173,

227, 258

Wotton (horse), 216
Wouvermans (horse), 223
Wowski (horse), (dam of Smolen-

sko), 224

Wratting, West (Cambs), 133, 134
Wraxall, Sir N., 66
Wroughton, the Kev. Philip, 90
Wyke House (Middlesex), 179
Wyndham, Hon. C. (J. C.), 173,

181, 196, 225, 227, 244

— Mrs. (Miss Iliffe), 201

— Col. G. (J. C.), 267

Wynn, Sir W. W. (J. C.), 265, 297
Wynne (or Wynn), Rev. Mr.

Nanney, 162
Wyvill, Sir M., 29

ZOR
XAINTRAILLES (French horse), 270

YAEDLEY STUD, the, 295
Yarm (Yorks), 146
Yates, General (J. C.), 267
Yearling races, 79, 250, 365
Yellow Filly, The (or Y. Mare), 87,

220
York, Edward Augustus, Duke of

(brother of George III.), 12, 22,

23

— Frederick, Duke of, 71, 172,
184, 185, 187, 195, 225

' — and Ainsty ' (accident), 148
Yorkshire Jenny (horse), 81
Young Chillaby (alias Viscount),
(horse), 234

— Drudge (horse), 116

— Mouse (horse), 197

— Vandyke (horse), 162

ZEAL (horse), 193, 316

Zetland, Earls of (J. C.), 81, H8,

265, 284, 290, 307
Zinc (horse), 193
Zinganee (horse), 185, 197
Zora'ida (horse), 221

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